question stringlengths 13 210 | candidate stringlengths 1 1.17k | label class label 2
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How do you explain image guided radiation therapy ? | The implantable device can also be a small wireless transmitter sending out an RF signal which then will be received by a sensor array and used for localization and real - time tracking of the tumor position . | 00 |
What does FEL stand for ? | In the free - electron laser ( FEL ) , a relativistic electron beam passes through a pair of undulators that contain arrays of dipole magnets whose fields point in alternating directions . | 11 |
What does FEL stand for ? | The electrons emit synchrotron radiation that coherently interacts with the same electrons to strongly amplify the radiation field at the resonance frequency . | 00 |
What does FEL stand for ? | FEL can emit a coherent high - brilliance electromagnetic radiation with a wide range of frequencies , from microwaves to soft X-rays . | 00 |
What does FEL stand for ? | These devices may find manufacturing , communication and various medical applications , such as soft tissue surgery . | 00 |
What does FEL stand for ? | Electrons are important in cathode ray tubes , which have been extensively used as display devices in laboratory instruments , computer monitors and television sets . | 00 |
What does FEL stand for ? | In a photomultiplier tube , every photon striking the photocathode initiates an avalanche of electrons that produces a detectable current pulse . | 00 |
What does FEL stand for ? | Vacuum tubes use the flow of electrons to manipulate electrical signals , and they played a critical role in the development of electronics technology . | 00 |
What does FEL stand for ? | However , they have been largely supplanted by solid - state devices such as the transistor . | 00 |
When was the music video for Counting Stars filmed ? | The music video was filmed on May 10 , 2013 , in New Orleans , Louisiana , and premiered on May 31 , 2013 . | 11 |
When was the music video for Counting Stars filmed ? | The video features the band performing the song in a gloomy basement surrounded by hanging light bulbs – which is interspersed with scenes of several people in a Christian revival service . | 00 |
When was the music video for Counting Stars filmed ? | At the end of the video , one of the people in the service falls through the floor , coming through the ceiling of the room the band is performing in. | 00 |
When was the music video for Counting Stars filmed ? | The video also shows clips of an alligator crawling through the basement . | 00 |
To who did the Germans surrender on May 8th 1945 ? | With the failure of the Battle of Moscow , all German plans of a quick defeat of the Soviet Union had to be revised . | 00 |
To who did the Germans surrender on May 8th 1945 ? | The Soviet counteroffensives in the winter of 1941 caused heavy casualties on both sides , but ultimately eliminated the German threat to Moscow . | 00 |
To who did the Germans surrender on May 8th 1945 ? | Nevertheless , despite this setback , the Soviet Union had suffered heavily from the loss of large parts of its army , allowing the Germans to mount another large - scale offensive in the summer of 1942 , called Case Blue , now directed towards the oil fields of Baku . | 00 |
To who did the Germans surrender on May 8th 1945 ? | This offensive failed just as " Barbarossa " had : the Germans again conquered vast amounts of no - mans - land , but they had again failed to achieve their ultimate goals when they were defeated at Stalingrad . | 00 |
To who did the Germans surrender on May 8th 1945 ? | By then , the Soviet war economy was fully operational , so the Soviet Union was able to simply outproduce the Germans , who were not prepared for a long war of attrition . | 00 |
To who did the Germans surrender on May 8th 1945 ? | As a result , the Germans ' last all - out offensive in 1943 at the battle of Kursk failed . | 00 |
To who did the Germans surrender on May 8th 1945 ? | After three years of constant warfare , the Germans were exhausted ; thus the Soviets were finally able to defeat the Germans decisively in Operation " Bagration " during the summer of 1944 . | 00 |
To who did the Germans surrender on May 8th 1945 ? | This led to a chain of Soviet victories which pushed the Germans back to Berlin in just one year , leading to the surrender of Germany on 8 May 1945 . | 11 |
Who watches Bathsheba bath ? | at her Bath . | 00 |
Who watches Bathsheba bath ? | Bathsheba at her Bath is the formal name for the subject in art showing Bathsheba bathing , watched by King David . | 11 |
Who watches Bathsheba bath ? | As an opportunity to feature a large female nude as the focus of a history painting , the subject was popular from the Renaissance onwards . | 00 |
Who watches Bathsheba bath ? | Sometimes Bathsheba 's maids , or the " messengers " sent by David are shown , and often a distant David watching from his roof . | 00 |
Who watches Bathsheba bath ? | The messengers are sometimes confused with David himself , but most artists follow the Bible in keeping David at a distance in this episode . | 00 |
Who watches Bathsheba bath ? | Paintings with articles include : | 00 |
Who watches Bathsheba bath ? | Bathsheba at Her Bath ( Rembrandt ) , Louvre , the most famous painting of the subject . | 00 |
Who watches Bathsheba bath ? | Bathsheba at her Bath ( Veronese ) , 1575 , Musée des Beaux - Arts de Lyon , France . | 00 |
Who watches Bathsheba bath ? | Atypically , Bathsheba is clothed in this . | 00 |
What type of cuisine are fajitas ? | A fajita (; ) is a term found in Tex - Mex cuisine , commonly referring to any grilled meat usually served as a taco on a flour or corn tortilla . | 11 |
What type of cuisine are fajitas ? | The term originally referred to the cut of beef used in the dish which is known as skirt steak . | 00 |
What type of cuisine are fajitas ? | Popular meats today also include chicken , pork , shrimp , and all cuts of beef . | 00 |
What type of cuisine are fajitas ? | In restaurants , the meat is often cooked with onions and bell peppers . | 00 |
What type of cuisine are fajitas ? | Popular condiments are shredded lettuce , sour cream , guacamole , salsa , pico de gallo , cheese , and tomato . | 00 |
What type of cuisine are fajitas ? | The northern Mexican variant of the dish name is Arrachera . | 00 |
The FIFA headquarters are in what location ? | The recognised international governing body of football ( and associated games , such as futsal and beach soccer ) is FIFA . | 00 |
The FIFA headquarters are in what location ? | The FIFA headquarters are located in Zurich . | 11 |
The FIFA headquarters are in what location ? | Six regional confederations are associated with FIFA ; these are : | 00 |
The FIFA headquarters are in what location ? | Asia : Asian Football Confederation ( AFC ) | 00 |
The FIFA headquarters are in what location ? | Africa : Confederation of African Football ( CAF ) | 00 |
The FIFA headquarters are in what location ? | Europe : Union of European Football Associations ( UEFA ) | 00 |
The FIFA headquarters are in what location ? | North / Central America & Caribbean : Confederation of North , Central American and Caribbean Association Football ( CONCACAF ) | 00 |
The FIFA headquarters are in what location ? | Oceania : Oceania Football Confederation ( OFC ) | 00 |
The FIFA headquarters are in what location ? | South America : Confederación Sudamericana de Fútbol / Confederação Sul - americana de Futebol ( South American Football Confederation ; CONMEBOL ) | 00 |
The FIFA headquarters are in what location ? | National associations oversee football within individual countries . | 00 |
The FIFA headquarters are in what location ? | These are generally synonymous with sovereign states , ( for example : the Fédération Camerounaise de Football in Cameroon ) but also include a smaller number of associations responsible for sub-national entities or autonomous regions ( for example the Scottish Football Association in Scotland ) . | 00 |
The FIFA headquarters are in what location ? | 208 national associations are affiliated both with FIFA and with their respective continental confederations . | 00 |
The FIFA headquarters are in what location ? | While FIFA is responsible for arranging competitions and most rules related to international competition , the actual Laws of the Game are set by the International Football Association Board , where each of the UK Associations has one vote , while FIFA collectively has four votes . | 00 |
How many remixes and freestyles are listed in this exercise ? | Tom Reid Mix Freestyle | 11 |
How many remixes and freestyles are listed in this exercise ? | Big Bizzy Barney Beats | 11 |
How many remixes and freestyles are listed in this exercise ? | Drake , featuring Lil Wayne & Tyga ( Official remix ) | 11 |
How many remixes and freestyles are listed in this exercise ? | YG , Nipsey Hussle and Snoop Dogg | 11 |
How many remixes and freestyles are listed in this exercise ? | Nelly ( Released through the Mixtape O.E.MO ) | 11 |
How many remixes and freestyles are listed in this exercise ? | Jeremih | 11 |
How many remixes and freestyles are listed in this exercise ? | Mario | 11 |
How many remixes and freestyles are listed in this exercise ? | Young Jeezy and Freddie Gibbs | 11 |
How many remixes and freestyles are listed in this exercise ? | Wale and Meek Mill | 11 |
How many remixes and freestyles are listed in this exercise ? | Wiz Khalifa , Juicy J , Berner | 11 |
How many remixes and freestyles are listed in this exercise ? | Nekfeu , Alpha Wann , Sneazzy West ( 1995 ) ( France ) | 11 |
Which Supreme Court case focuses on the Louisiana Purchase ? | The historian James Loewen is among those who assert that the United States purchased only France 's claim to the Louisiana Territory , as the land belonged to the tribes who inhabited the area . | 00 |
Which Supreme Court case focuses on the Louisiana Purchase ? | In his view , the US acquired the lands slowly throughout the nineteenth century by purchases from individual Native American tribes and by wars against them . | 00 |
Which Supreme Court case focuses on the Louisiana Purchase ? | The question is discussed at length in the article on Aboriginal title in the United States , as well as in articles on the American Indian Wars and the U.S. Supreme Court case " Johnson v. M'Intosh " . | 11 |
Are three sided footballs used ? | Cubbies | 00 |
Are three sided footballs used ? | Three sided football | 11 |
Are three sided footballs used ? | Triskelion | 00 |
What did the Mexican Tetra lose during it 's evolution ? | Concepts and models used in evolutionary biology , such as natural selection , have many applications . | 00 |
What did the Mexican Tetra lose during it 's evolution ? | Artificial selection is the intentional selection of traits in a population of organisms . | 00 |
What did the Mexican Tetra lose during it 's evolution ? | This has been used for thousands of years in the domestication of plants and animals . | 00 |
What did the Mexican Tetra lose during it 's evolution ? | More recently , such selection has become a vital part of genetic engineering , with selectable markers such as antibiotic resistance genes being used to manipulate DNA . | 00 |
What did the Mexican Tetra lose during it 's evolution ? | Proteins with valuable properties have evolved by repeated rounds of mutation and selection ( for example modified enzymes and new antibodies ) in a process called directed evolution . | 00 |
What did the Mexican Tetra lose during it 's evolution ? | Understanding the changes that have occurred during organism 's evolution can reveal the genes needed to construct parts of the body , genes which may be involved in human genetic disorders . | 00 |
What did the Mexican Tetra lose during it 's evolution ? | For example , the mexican tetra is an albino cavefish that lost its eyesight during evolution . | 11 |
What did the Mexican Tetra lose during it 's evolution ? | Breeding together different populations of this blind fish produced some offspring with functional eyes , since different mutations had occurred in the isolated populations that had evolved in different caves . | 00 |
What did the Mexican Tetra lose during it 's evolution ? | This helped identify genes required for vision and pigmentation . | 00 |
What did the Mexican Tetra lose during it 's evolution ? | Many human diseases are not static phenomena , but capable of evolution . | 00 |
What did the Mexican Tetra lose during it 's evolution ? | Viruses , bacteria , fungi and cancers evolve to be resistant to host immune defences , as well as pharmaceutical drugs . | 00 |
What did the Mexican Tetra lose during it 's evolution ? | These same problems occur in agriculture with pesticide and herbicide resistance . | 00 |
What did the Mexican Tetra lose during it 's evolution ? | It is possible that we are facing the end of the effective life of most of available antibiotics and predicting the evolution and evolvability of our pathogens and devising strategies to slow or circumvent it is requiring deeper knowledge of the complex forces driving evolution at the molecular level . | 00 |
What did the Mexican Tetra lose during it 's evolution ? | In computer science , simulations of evolution using evolutionary algorithms and artificial life started in the 1960s and was extended with simulation of artificial selection . | 00 |
What did the Mexican Tetra lose during it 's evolution ? | Artificial evolution became a widely recognised optimisation method as a result of the work of Ingo Rechenberg in the 1960s . | 00 |
What did the Mexican Tetra lose during it 's evolution ? | He used evolution strategies to solve complex engineering problems . | 00 |
What did the Mexican Tetra lose during it 's evolution ? | Genetic algorithms in particular became popular through the writing of John Holland . | 00 |
What did the Mexican Tetra lose during it 's evolution ? | Practical applications also include automatic evolution of computer programmes . | 00 |
What did the Mexican Tetra lose during it 's evolution ? | Evolutionary algorithms are now used to solve multi-dimensional problems more efficiently than software produced by human designers and also to optimise the design of systems . | 00 |
When was it proposed that electricity and magnetism were distinct effects by scientists William Gilbert ? | The scientist William Gilbert proposed , in his " De Magnete " ( 1600 ) , that electricity and magnetism , while both capable of causing attraction and repulsion of objects , were distinct effects . | 11 |
When was it proposed that electricity and magnetism were distinct effects by scientists William Gilbert ? | Mariners had noticed that lightning strikes had the ability to disturb a compass needle , but the link between lightning and electricity was not confirmed until Benjamin Franklin 's proposed experiments in 1752 . | 00 |
When was it proposed that electricity and magnetism were distinct effects by scientists William Gilbert ? | One of the first to discover and publish a link between man - made electric current and magnetism was Romagnosi , who in 1802 noticed that connecting a wire across a voltaic pile deflected a nearby compass needle . | 00 |
When was it proposed that electricity and magnetism were distinct effects by scientists William Gilbert ? | However , the effect did not become widely known until 1820 , when Ørsted performed a similar experiment . | 00 |
When was it proposed that electricity and magnetism were distinct effects by scientists William Gilbert ? | Ørsted 's work influenced Ampère to produce a theory of electromagnetism that set the subject on a mathematical foundation . | 00 |
When was it proposed that electricity and magnetism were distinct effects by scientists William Gilbert ? | A theory of electromagnetism , known as classical electromagnetism , was developed by various physicists over the course of the 19th century , culminating in the work of James Clerk Maxwell , who unified the preceding developments into a single theory and discovered the electromagnetic nature of light . | 00 |
When was it proposed that electricity and magnetism were distinct effects by scientists William Gilbert ? | In classical electromagnetism , the electromagnetic field obeys a set of equations known as Maxwell 's equations , and the electromagnetic force is given by the Lorentz force law . | 00 |
When was it proposed that electricity and magnetism were distinct effects by scientists William Gilbert ? | One of the peculiarities of classical electromagnetism is that it is difficult to reconcile with classical mechanics , but it is compatible with special relativity . | 00 |
When was it proposed that electricity and magnetism were distinct effects by scientists William Gilbert ? | According to Maxwell 's equations , the speed of light in a vacuum is a universal constant , dependent only on the electrical permittivity and magnetic permeability of free space . | 00 |
When was it proposed that electricity and magnetism were distinct effects by scientists William Gilbert ? | This violates Galilean invariance , a long - standing cornerstone of classical mechanics . | 00 |
When was it proposed that electricity and magnetism were distinct effects by scientists William Gilbert ? | One way to reconcile the two theories ( electromagnetism and classical mechanics ) is to assume the existence of a luminiferous aether through which the light propagates . | 00 |
When was it proposed that electricity and magnetism were distinct effects by scientists William Gilbert ? | However , subsequent experimental efforts failed to detect the presence of the aether . | 00 |
When was it proposed that electricity and magnetism were distinct effects by scientists William Gilbert ? | After important contributions of Hendrik Lorentz and Henri Poincaré , in 1905 , Albert Einstein solved the problem with the introduction of special relativity , which replaces classical kinematics with a new theory of kinematics that is compatible with classical electromagnetism . | 00 |
When was it proposed that electricity and magnetism were distinct effects by scientists William Gilbert ? | ( For more information , see History of special relativity . | 00 |
When was it proposed that electricity and magnetism were distinct effects by scientists William Gilbert ? | ) In addition , relativity theory shows that in moving frames of reference a magnetic field transforms to a field with a nonzero electric component and vice versa ; thus firmly showing that they are two sides of the same coin , and thus the term " electromagnetism " . | 00 |
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