text
stringlengths 205
677k
| id
stringlengths 47
47
| dump
stringclasses 1
value | url
stringlengths 15
2.02k
| file_path
stringlengths 125
126
| language
stringclasses 1
value | language_score
float64 0.65
1
| token_count
int64 47
152k
| score
float64 2.52
5.16
| int_score
int64 3
5
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
One Child’s Journey from a Segregated School Bus to a PhD at Northern Arizona University.
How did Junebug rise above Jim Crow and achieve success on his own terms?
I don’t really want to be the first person to speak in class, but I also don’t want to clam up when the teacher asks me a direct question. “What the poem says,” I say, “About colored people being America, too. Like, my daddy– he fought overseas, but when he came back here, nothing had changed or was better. He always says colored folks love America but America don’t love them back.”
JuneBug’s Journey: How He Earned Four Degrees After Attending Poorly Funded Schools in Rural Mississippi.
Sign up today and receive the first two chapters of JuneBug for Free.
About Dr. Wilson Edward Reed
JUNEBUG/Wilson Edward Reed struggled with depression and anxiety for years dealing with the loss of his mother Willie Bea Reed. From the age of 14 in 1964, until he left Mississippi for Seattle in 1969, he slept with the light on, hoping she would return and spare him from the loneliness, self-doubt, and panic attacks that he endured as he adjusted to living at the segregated YMCA, worked at the Kentucky Fried Chicken as a fry cook, and attended the segregated Rosa Temple High School and Utica Junior College. It was not until he mustered the courage to say goodbye to Mississippi and take the 2,600-mile bus ride to Seattle that he found true freedom.
JUNEBUG was written to show the world that with determination, courage and a solid support system, all of us can overcome hardship and find opportunities to rise beyond our limitations.
JUNEBUG allows the author to share a fictionalized account of a world that does not exist in its historical form today. However, Jim Crow like conditions still exist in our prison system, health care system and some Southern states.
To achieve the dream of Dr. Martin Luther King we must muster the courage to share our precious resources and see the human worth of every person.
JUNEBUG sought a place to call home, all the while signifying kindness, courage and compassion– qualities necessary throughout the world today. | <urn:uuid:c4d9be6e-064b-4c6e-96eb-c125053e33db> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://mississippijunebug.net/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.95811 | 474 | 3.171875 | 3 |
Throughout the summer we grow and harvest a selection of different salad crops in the Kitchen Garden and greenhouses. This ranges from rocket, radishes, and oriental salad leaves in the greenhouses alongside tomatoes and cucumbers to a selection of colourful little gem and looseleaf lettuces outside in the Kitchen Garden. But come the autumn, these crops are starting to fade so the challenge is to extend the season with salad leaves through the colder winter months.
So last autumn, after the summer crops had been cleared from the greenhouse and the compost replaced, we sowed a selection of winter salad leaves for harvesting this new year.
Mizuna (Brassica rapa var. nipposinica) was the first of the salads we sowed. This Japanese brassica has a mild mustard flavour and we have grown a newer variety called ‘Waido’ with strongly flavoursome, broad green leaves and white stems. The second salad leaf we chose was Corn Salad or Lamb’s Lettuce (Valerianella locusta). Although Corn Salad can be sown throughout the year, the variety we are growing is called ‘Vit’ and is particularly well-suited to the cold winter months as it is not easily damaged by frosts. It produces rosettes of soft, spoon-shaped, dark-green leaves with a distinctive, tangy flavour. Finally, we also sowed an oriental salad leaf mix.
All the salad leaves were sown directly into shallow drills 30cm apart in beds in our unheated, cooler greenhouse in October. The greenhouse can get down to freezing during cold winter nights. Once germinated we thinned out the seedlings to 5cm apart. The plants were slow to germinate and grow to size in the late autumn but have reached a harvestable size in the new year. Watering was kept to a minimum through the winter months to avoid damping off and the doors and vents of the greenhouse opened during the day to improve airflow. The outer will be taken first, avoiding damage to the growing tip to allow them to continue to grow and be harvested later. We have protected the salads from damage by slugs and snails with crushed, dried seaweed.
It is the first time we have grown winter salad leaves and utilised the growing space in the greenhouse during the winter. We had to be patient, but it has been a rewarding crop to grow this winter. | <urn:uuid:907b86bc-95db-42c6-a0c0-1889d90aa2a8> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://mortonhallgardens.co.uk/head-gardeners-journal/winter-salad | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.956948 | 500 | 2.78125 | 3 |
Live animal performance and carcass characteristics of bulls versus steers
"Consumers, increasingly, are expressing a preference for beef cuts with a high proportion of lean in relation to fat. The continued increase in consumption of beef of the Choice and Good grades suggests a preference for beef with desirable eating qualities. The production of quality lean beef is a goal that involves many aspects of animal production including breeding, feeding and management. The trend toward leaner beef carcasses and more efficient feedlot performance has focused atterition on the effect of age at the time of castration on feedlot efficiency and carcass meatiness and quality. Since the early 1950's, several reports have suggested that young bulls gain faster and more efficiently than comparable steers and that the bullock carcasses yield a greater percentage of retail cuts. Reports also indicated that the meat from young bulls was similar in palatability to meat from steers of similar age and breeding. The objectives of this st~dy were to compare the feedlot performance, qualitative and quantitative carcass characteristics of beef produced from Hereford bulls, crossbred bulls, Hereford steers castrated at 205 days, crossbred steers castrated .at 205 days, and crossbred steers castrated at birth."--Introduction.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 License. | <urn:uuid:9f6cd67f-a097-49d5-9b47-7ea8361aa9f5> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://mospace.umsystem.edu/xmlui/handle/10355/96411 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.945019 | 278 | 2.65625 | 3 |
I have just been listening to Beethoven's Eroica while following a miniature score: Eulenburg score at Amazon.
I was paying particular attention to the double basses and I noticed that frequently they went down to the E♭ just below the bass clef (in notation so actually an octave below that). This is not surprising since the piece is in E♭ but it is a semitone below the bottom note of a standard double bass. I was listening the Vienna Philharmonic who use 5 string basses and hence can access this note: Bluray at Amazon. Some other orchestras have basses with a C extension and they could also play this note.
I wondered what would be best if an orchestra (maybe a school or amateur one) with only standard basses wanted to play this piece. The options would seem to be:
Lift each E♭ up an octave. All or most of the containing phrase would probably need to be lifted with it. This would often, but not always, put the basses in unison with the cellos. Where it did, we would just lose some weight. Where the cello part was distinct then the effect may be worse as having the basses close to but not in unison with the cellos could muddy the sound.
Tune the basses down a semitone (either all strings or just the E string). Would this produce a reasonable tone? Would the players cope with it?
For 2, remember that this is likely to be an amateur orchestra so the instruments may be reasonable but not exceptional. Similarly the players' skills would probably not be professional. The mistuned string might be very confusing.
As a variant of 2, we could tune all the strings down a semitone and transpose their part. Provided that they did not have perfect pitch, they may be able to play normally but in E and C♯ minor rather than E♭ and C minor (a retune between movements would not be practical). So, the bass would be a transposing instrument at a minor 9th rather than its usual octave.
Update. I just scanned my score of the 9th (same publisher). I expected to find some low D. I did but I had to scan surprisingly far to find one. I found the even lower C♯ first. In the second movement, I found a low C♮. So, option 2 certainly would not be practical. My scores give no alternative lines even when the double bass has a distinct staff from the cellos. | <urn:uuid:18b47d69-4d0b-443b-b43c-6195f31c9ca5> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://music.stackexchange.com/questions/100509/double-basses-in-beethovens-eroica | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.970636 | 524 | 2.953125 | 3 |
Red-tail Shrike Lanius phoenicuroides
- Lanius : Latin word for Butcher . They are known as ‘butcher-birds,’ from their habit of storing prey by impaling it on thorns and sharp twigs, giving the resemblance to a butcher’s slaughterhouse
- Phoenicuroides: Phoenicuroides: Greek word phoinix –crimson, red, purple; ouros –tailed; oides – resembling
Distribution in India: Breeds in Baluchistan, winter visitor in North West India.
Description: It has a size of 16·5–18 cm; wt. of 25–38 g. It is a rather small, compact but long-tailed shrike. The adult is darker with male highly variable, having forehead and crown tawny to rufous. The upperparts including nape, mantle, scapulars, back and uppertail-coverts are buffish brown to bright rufous. The flight-feathers are blackish brown, with bases of primaries as white, primary-coverts are blackish brown, tertials, greater and median coverts are blackish brown with buff-brown fringes to outer edges and tips, and lesser coverts are brown. It is concolorous with mantle and scapulars. The central rectrices are rufous-brown, rest are paler rufous. It has bolder white supercilium and black band on lores, below eye and on ear-coverts, and whiter below with vinous-pink wash on flanks. The bill is blackish brown to pale brown, with even paler base, irides are brown, and legs and feet are dark grey to blackish. The adult female is also variable, with upperparts typically brown, tinged rufous on crown, tail is usually like that of male, supercilium is more buffish, sometimes lores and feathers around eyes are entirely pale buff, dark brown patch on ear-coverts, and underparts are whitish. It is narrowly barred brown over cheeks, neck-sides, breast-sides. The wings are like male but white at base of primaries is smaller and usually buff-tinged. First-winter largely isfemale-like, but upperparts when fresh usually show faint barring, while barring on cheeks is typically clearer and more extensive. The tail is like that of adult female, but usually paler and duller rufous, and wings also similar, but pale at base of primaries usually hidden at rest, or entirely absent. The inner primaries, secondaries and primary-coverts show broader buffish fringes, while tertials and greater coverts have a blackish subterminal line.
Habitat:It Breeds in tamarisk thickets in river valleys, patches of scrub in dry steppe, in mountains, on hills and barren plains, and in mountains up to 3500 m. In non-breeding quarters, it is found in relatively open country up to 2400 m with scattered bushes, and in dry lowlands, generally preferring drier and thornier vegetation.
Food habits: It eats insects, mostly beetles and crickets and grasshoppers. It also eats some small vertebrates like voles, lizards, and small birds such as leaf-warblers. It also eats berries. It uses sit-and-wait foraging technique, utilizing a variety of lookouts, including wires, fence lines and tree branches. Most of insects taken on ground. It impales the prey on a thorn before eating
Breeding habits: They breed in Apr in South Turkmenistan, May in North Kazakhstan and June in Pakistan. They are single-brooded. The mating normally begins with loud calls by male, which often followed by gliding display-flights of competing males. The male has aerial display, flying to and fro in front of female while calling loudly, also bowing perched display with fanned tail raised, this often followed by fluttering flight by both partners. The nest-site is chosen by male, and construction is mainly by male. The nest is a deep open cup made from twigs, bark, rootlets, leaves and grass, lined with grass stems, moss and similar soft material above ground in bush, often thorny one. They lay a clutch of 3–7 eggs. The replacement clutches are laid if earlier ones lost. The incubation is done by female. The female is fed on nest by male. The incubation period is 13–17 days. The nestling period is 13–16 days. The young are fed by parents for 1 month after leaving nest. Nests regularly parasitized by Common Cuckoo (Cuculus canorus). | <urn:uuid:cec343a7-48ec-4489-8eb8-3e8b09d801f7> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://ogaclicks.com/red-tail-shrike-detail | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.957352 | 994 | 3.046875 | 3 |
Many people know that there are many transparent tubes on various medical equipment in hospitals, and these tubes are called medical silicone tubes in professional terms.
Medical-grade silicone tubes are imported silicone rubber material, the smallest inner diameter can be 0.4 mm, through the biocompatibility test, the human tissue reaction is very small, the value into the human tissue will not cause foreign body reaction, the surrounding tissue does not occur inflammation, the tube can be placed in the human body for 20 days without abnormal reaction.
Among them, the life of the silicone tube for peristaltic pump can be used continuously for more than 175 hours. With its good characteristics in the medical and health care to obtain more and more widely used.
Medical Silicone Tubing Is Very Widely Used In Medical Health Care
The silicone rubber used in medical grade silicone tubing, as a medical polymer material with excellent performance, has received attention from professionals in both the rubber industry and the medical field. The reasons are.
1, used as a rubber medical materials its high technical content, low cost, high added value, economic benefits are very considerable;
2, using the medical properties of silicone rubber. Not only can solve many problems in the medical art, but also can make patients get satisfactory results;
3, a wide range of sources of rubber, easy to produce and fine processing, with good social and economic benefits.
In medicine for this silicone tube for human body requirements are very high, silicone products medical silicone tube is usually used with extrusion molding continuous vulcanization method, extrusion molding vulcanization tank vulcanization method or molding vulcanization method.
The production of medical silicone tube has high temperature resistance, oxidation resistance, hydrophobicity, softness, permeability, high transparency of aging resistance, physiological inertia, and human tissue and blood are not adherent, biological adaptability, non-toxic, non-toxic, good. Biological adaptability, non-toxic, tasteless, non-carcinogenic and a series of excellent characteristics.
Medical grade silicone tube characteristic
Medical grade silicone tube is cold and high temperature resistant, weak acid and alkali resistant, harmless, non-toxic and tasteless; high transparency, high elasticity, strong UV resistance; good elasticity, kink resistance without deformation, soft, arc resistant, corona resistant, chemically stable, physiologically inert, non-toxic and non-irritating to human body, hydrophobic, breathable, with excellent resilience, permanent non-deformation and other characteristics, can be used from -50 degrees to 250 degrees, special requirements up to degrees, excellent Insulation, in high temperature conditions available ethylene oxide disinfection. | <urn:uuid:5b103e90-f20a-4e0b-b3f1-5bf992e7b770> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://orient-silicone-hose.com/what-are-medical-silicone-tubing-used-for/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.909528 | 563 | 2.578125 | 3 |
When I stumbled across a PetaPixel webpage using animated GIFs to show the layered photo composite work of Richard Roberts, I was immediately hooked on the idea of sharing layered work in this condensed educational fashion. In a mere 5 - 15 second glimpse, these animated GIFs are able to reveal the lengthy and complex creative process of an artist; not in a detailed way, but in a "peering into the mind of an artist" way. In today’s tutorial, we’ll go through the process of breaking down a photo composite into an animated GIF that can be shared on the web or in eBooks to tell the story of its creation.
Step 1: Open a Layered File
Open a layered file that you'd like to share as an animated GIF.
Step 2: Get Organized for Clear Storytelling
As we prepare to create our animated GIF, it's helpful to think of the GIF as a story and the individual frames in the GIF as pages that reveal a creative process. In order for our story to make sense to the viewer, we must begin by uncluttering the layers and determining which ones tell the best story.
First, delete all hidden (unnecessary) layers by choosing Layer>Delete>Hidden Layers. If an alert dialog appears, click Yes. In the Layers panel, collapse (consolidate) all expanded groups by clicking the inverted triangles to the left of the group names.
Now we need to determine which layers make the most sense in our story. We'll accomplish this by viewing the layers one at a time. While pressing Option (PC: Alt), click on the visibility (eyeball) icon for each layer and group to view them individually. Jot notes indicating which layers, in what order, tell the best story. Below are sequenced notes about the layers in this exampleâ¦
a. Just the subject with pink curtain
b. Just the snowy background scene
c. The snowy background scene with a gap in the curtain
d. The extracted subject peering through the gap
e. The new background being revealed through the gap
f. The color correction
g. Folds being added to the curtain
h. Snow being added to the subject's shoulders and boots
i. Falling snow being added
j. The subject's boots sinking in the snow
k. Finishing touches
Step 3: Create a Frame Animation
If the Timeline is not already visible, choose Window>Timeline. Click the inverted triangle in the center of the panel and choose Create Frame Animation.
Switch on the layer (or layers) that represents the first "page in the book." If the layer contains an undesirable mask, switch off the mask by Shift-clicking its thumbnail.
In the Timeline, click the Create Frame Animation button. This creates the first frame in the animation using the visible content from the Layers panel.
Click the Duplicates selected frames icon at the base of the Timeline panel to add a second (currently identical) frame.
Return to the Layers panel and switch on the layer or group that illustrates the next step (page) in the creative process. By referencing your notes, the process should move along quickly.
Repeat the steps from the previous paragraph to add as many frames as are necessary to tell your story. Feel free to click through the frames as you go to check your work, but remember to always activate the last frame before continuing to add new frames.
Establish the length of time each frame will be visible by clicking the last frame, Shift-clicking the first frame, then clicking the frame delay time icon (number with an inverted triangle beside it) and choosing an appropriate delay, such as 1 second.
Since educational animated GIFs are designed to shine light on the creative process, it makes sense for the animation to loop indefinitely for viewers to watch more than once. To accomplish this, click on the word Once at the bottom of the Timeline panel and change it to Forever.
If the animated GIF will be shared on the web, it should be scaled to a suitable size, such as 1024 pixels in the long dimension. To accomplish this, choose Image>Image Size and set the longest dimension to 1024 pixels.
Step 4: Save for Web
We're now ready to save the animated GIF for the web. Choose File>Save for Web. Match the settings in the screengrab below.
Click Save and place the GIF in a meaningful location. Open Adobe Bridge (or the Finder/Explorer if you prefer), locate the GIF in the Content panel and Control-click (PC: Right-click) to open a contextual menu. Choose Open With and select your favorite web browser.
Watch as the story unfolds before your eyes!
Mark S. Johnson Photography | <urn:uuid:b2c907d0-e66e-441c-a8a8-149a47b4e920> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://planetphotoshop.com/sharing-your-layered-work-using-animated-gifs.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.902022 | 977 | 2.515625 | 3 |
A liquid band vacuum pump is simple to operate and can be used in several applications across various industries. A liquid ring pump works together with a sealant required in its operation. This liquid can be water, essential oil or any various other solvent which is certainly rotated by an impeller within the casing of the pump.
As the shaft turns, a liquid band is created by the centrifugal force generated by the rotating impeller. This pressure holds the liquid ring against the inner wall structure of the pumping chamber. Because the impeller is located eccentric to the pumping chamber, the depth of access of the blades in to the liquid ring reduces and improves as the impeller rotates. This creates increasing cellular quantity on the inlet slot side, creating vacuum.
On the discharge slot side, the impeller cell volume decreases as the blades move Liquid-Ring Vacuum Pump china further in to the liquid ring. This increases the pressure until discharge occurs through the discharge port.
A continuing flow of new sealing liquid comes to the pump via the sealing-liquid inlet.
In the case of the two-stage liquid band pump, the discharge from the initial stage will not discharge to atmosphere. Instead, the initial stage discharges through the manifold leading to the second stage in addition to through a discharge port located in the intermediate plate between the first- and second-stage impellers. | <urn:uuid:b33be790-a8e2-44cd-911e-f8bc180bfc8f> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://plasticgear.xyz/liquid-ring-vacuum-pump-2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.92707 | 278 | 2.734375 | 3 |
According to the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR), it will require some time before the Verde Island Passage is safeguarded through laws.
“We have not yet reached this point, but we currently agree that the protection of the Verde Island Passage is necessary,” stated DENR Assistant Secretary Marcial C. Amaro, Jr. during a forum hosted by the Center for Energy, Ecology, and Development.
Mr. Amaro expressed hope that there are alternative methods available to enforce laws and allocate more resources to effectively conserve and protect the area.
He stated that any actions taken must guarantee the ongoing availability of ecosystem services, which are essential for the well-being of coastal communities and other individuals who rely on them for their livelihoods.
The strait known as the Verde Island Passage lies between Batangas and Mindoro Island and is recognized for its large number of marine life species including fish, coral, crustaceans, mollusks, seagrass, and mangroves. This makes it a significant location for biodiversity.
The passage is bordered by the provinces of Batangas, Oriental Mindoro, Occidental Mindoro, Marinduque, and Romblon.
“We are highlighting the significance of the Verde Island Passage due to its connectivity aspect… anything that occurs in this passage has an impact on other areas beyond it,” he stated.
“According to him, safeguarding the (passage) also means protecting fisheries, coastlines, and the marine environment.”
The Secretary of the Environment, Maria Antonia Yulo-Loyzaga, announced that the DENR and the governors of five provinces have voiced their backing for a law that will safeguard the Verde Island Passage following an oil spill earlier this year.
In the final days of February, the MT Princess Empress sank near Naujan, Oriental Mindoro, while transporting 800,000 liters of oil.
The Department of Environment and Natural Resources reported that a minimum of 21 marine protected areas managed by local authorities were impacted by the oil spill.
The initial estimate for the environmental damage in the area was approximately 7 billion pesos, according to Adrian H. Halili. | <urn:uuid:476defec-3392-4779-96d8-5b012dc403f7> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://progettosanbasilio.org/business/it-is-predicted-that-there-will-be-a-delay-in-implementing-legislative-measures-to-protect-the-verde-island-passage/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.945404 | 457 | 2.90625 | 3 |
The COVID-19 pandemic, which likely spawned from a wildlife market, has highlighted how human and planetary health intertwine. The outbreak prompted some countries to re-evaluate their relationship with nature. But in Southeast Asia, forests are still being emptied of birds, reptiles and small mammals. Some of these animals are sold in local markets for consumption, while some are taken for other industries, such as to feed the exotic pet trade or for civet coffee. This not only has implications for future disease outbreaks, but also for the health of the rainforest—a habitat increasingly valued for its ability to soak up planet-warming carbon dioxide. | <urn:uuid:f8fdc8d4-34f6-4031-8791-d0b3be71e1e1> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://pulitzercenter.org/projects/when-forests-fall-silent | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.964651 | 129 | 3.21875 | 3 |
Data breaches and hacks are now, unfortunately, regular occurrences in the modern digital age. Businesses must take a proactive approach in safeguarding user data and protecting digital assets. In this article, we will look at what the ethical commitments of businesses are to ensure the security of user data, and how we can make sure our data is secure.
1. Recognizing the Need for Data Security
As businesses continue to gain access to increasing amounts of customer data, the risks associated with data loss or misuse are equally on the rise. It is important that companies adhere to ethical standards when it comes to data security. A few key components in this effort include:
- Adoption of best security practices: Companies should look to implement the latest and most secure data protection technologies, such as two-factor authentication and encryption, as well as take heed of industry-standard security guidelines.
- Data protection policies: Businesses should also create and enforce company-wide guidelines on document sharing and data security protocols that are accessible to both employees and customers.
- Employee education: It is essential that employees are kept up to date with the latest security protocols, and best practices and know what to do when any security breach does occur. Companies should also create protocols and safeguards to protect against data breaches caused by employee negligence or malicious intent.
Aside from these practices, companies should take an active role in assisting in the development of custom data protection, such as providing the necessary resources for the research and development of the latest technologies. Companies should also have unambiguous policies in place when it comes to data loss and data misuse and be proactive in responding to any instances of data theft or fraud.
2. Exploring the Ethical Commitments of Businesses
Data privacy is an important ethical commitment that all businesses should make. As technology advances, protecting user data has become increasingly important, and many businesses are now committed to implementing ethical measures to ensure data privacy. In this post, we will explore the various ways businesses are safeguarding user data:
- Encryption: Encryption is one of the most reliable and secure methods of protecting user data. Companies are utilizing strong passwords and end-to-end encryption algorithms to protect user data from unauthorized access and keep data protected.
- Data Minimization: A practice known as ‘data minimization’ is being adopted by businesses to ensure that user data is only collected when needed and is not unnecessarily stored or shared. This prevents data breaches and helps protect users from potential abuse of their data.
- Auditing: Auditing is also an important part of safeguarding user data. Companies are regularly audited to ensure that their data protection processes meet the required standards. This helps to protect user data from malicious actors and unauthorized access.
Businesses are also employing other measures, such as data anonymization, to protect user data. By anonymizing data, businesses can protect user privacy without compromising the integrity of the data. Many businesses are also seeking to implement other measures, such as implementing data access controls and introducing two-factor authentication, to protect user data.
These measures are helping businesses to ensure that user data is kept safe and protected. However, it is important to note that businesses are only taking these measures because of legal and ethical obligations. These obligations ensure that businesses are held to a higher standard and must ensure that user data is kept secure and protected.
3. Measuring the Benefits of Data Safeguarding
In recent years, businesses have faced ethical challenges due to the data-driven practices of their operations, and understanding the benefits of safeguarding user data is critical to meeting customer expectations. Companies must consider the ethical implications of data storage and find ways to ensure data protection.
Businesses should adhere to the ethical commitments involved in safeguarding user data, such as:
- Awareness: Companies need to be aware of how and where user data is stored as well as who has access to it. Understanding the potential risks and mitigating any risks is vital.
- Injury: Consumers should be made aware of what can be done with their data if it is compromised. Companies should ensure that they have procedures in place to address any potential harm that can result from the mishandling of personal data.
- Security: Businesses must employ the use of adequate security measures and protocols. This includes monitoring data trails, encrypting data and restricting access. This can help reduce the risk of accidental or malicious data breaches.
The benefits of data safeguarding are twofold. First, it helps businesses be transparent and accountable when it comes to how and where user data is stored. Secondly, it helps protect customers’ privacy and minimize potential risks. Furthermore, safeguarding user data can result in improved customer trust and satisfaction, increased customer loyalty, and lower risk of cyberattacks.
4. Developing a Corporate Data Security Protocol
Organizing an efficient data security protocol is of utmost importance for any business. It is vital to ensure that all user information and other sensitive data are safeguarded and protected from cyber threats and unauthorized access. The ethical commitments of businesses towards their customers’ data must be high on their priority list.
- Data Security Due Diligence: Businesses should make sure that their internal infrastructure is secure and efficient. Rigorous due diligence with uncompromised standards should be applied when accessing and sharing customer data.
- Transparency: Companies should provide a clear and transparent overview of their data security protocols. It should include the measures taken to protect customer data (encryption, firewalls, antivirus, etc.) and the applicable laws to keep the data secure.
- Segregated Access: People responsible for managing user data should be provided with an appropriate level of access. Improvised segregation ensures that the information will only be used for its intended purpose and will not reach unintended persons.
All businesses should acknowledge the growing importance of data security in order to ensure better customer experience and trustworthiness of the company. It is the responsibility of the business to take strict measures to protect the customer data and provide measures to regain trust if any sort of data breach occurs.
5. Assuring Safe Data Storage and Transfer
Data privacy is becoming an increasingly pressing issue, and businesses must recognize their ethical commitment to protecting users’ data. To ensure users’ data is kept safe, businesses should consider the following measures:
- Secure Cloud Storage: Utilizing secure cloud storage to store all data is a key way to ensure it is stored safely. Using a third-party service with an appropriate level of encryption can help protect this data from malicious actors.
- Transfer encryption: Companies should also encrypt data in transit, to ensure that any data transmissions are secure. Using a standardized encryption protocol such as SSL/TLS can help shield against data loss.
- Secure Database Management: Organizations should also ensure that their databases remain secure and reduce the risk of a data breach. This includes configuring security settings, audit logging, access controls, and regular reviews of system access.
Ensuring Compliance: Any attempts to safeguard user data must meet regulatory requirements. It is important to be aware and up-to-date on the relevant laws that govern data privacy, and organizations should make sure to conform to these.
Collected data disposal: Companies should ensure that all collected data is properly disposed of after it is used or no longer needed. They should also ensure that users’ data is not retained or reused for longer than is necessary.
6. Security Expectations of Consumers
As data privacy and security become increasingly important to consumers, ethical business practices surrounding data usage must be reinforced. Here are some important expectations consumers have when companies take on the responsibility of handling their personal data:
- They expect that the correct terminology will be used when collecting data and the data will be collected only for the specific purpose it is intended for.
- They expect businesses to securely maintain any data providing the necessary infrastructure for it.
- They expect to know how data will be used and to whom it will be shared; it is acceptable to use automated tools for data analysis, but companies should not use the data for activities without customers’ consent.
- They expect companies to adhere to international and national laws when handling data.
- They expect businesses to keep their data secure and encrypted.
- They expect businesses to be transparent about data privacy and security policies, provide clear notice when services are discontinued and to provide customer support when requested.
When a company takes on the responsibility of handling customer data, it must be done with the highest ethical standards. Consumers are depending on businesses to be diligent, ethical, and transparent in their data protection practices.
7. The Responsibility of Business in Data Breach Prevention
In today’s world, the amount of personal data held by businesses is continuously growing as technology advances. No matter how secure a business’s data management system may be, there are situations when data breaches occur. In such cases, businesses are legally and ethically obliged to protect user data from the risks of hacking and malicious attacks. Companies must understand their responsibility to prevent data breaches and ensure that they have the right protocol in place to protect user data.
- Build a user data security protocol – Companies must build and implement strong user data security protocols that are up-to-date with the changing technology landscape. This must involve multiple layers of security that prevent unauthorized access, alert the company in case of intrusion attempts, and manage user data with greater controls and monitoring.
- Ensure compliance with regulations – Companies must abide by the established laws and regulations for user data safety and privacy. These rules protect users from the possibility of exploitation and ensure that companies remain ethically responsible for safeguarding user data.
- Provide higher visibility and control – To further protect user data, companies must provide users with direct visibility into the processes of their data management system. This allows users to understand exactly how businesses access and use their data, and provides them with the power to control their data and grant access as they deem fit.
- Implement regular data audits – Companies must carry out regular data audits that assess the security of the data and detect any possible vulnerabilities. This helps ensure that the business is able to prevent any malicious attack that, in the worst case, can lead to data breaches.
A company’s responsibility for data management is much more than a legal obligation; it is also an ethical commitment. By taking the right steps and implementing sound protocols, businesses can set high standards for protecting user data and ensure that their customers’ trust is preserved.
8. Enhanced Data Protection Services for Consumers
Positioning Businesses as Trustworthy and Responsible
Data protection services for consumers have long been a major concern for businesses that take the ethical commitment of safeguarding user data seriously. In an age of digitization, businesses are increasingly taking responsibility to provide stronger data protection. Here are some of the key commitments leading businesses are making when it comes to safeguarding user data:
- Data Security Auditing: Businesses commit to doing regularly scheduled security audits to identify any data risks. By proactively identifying risks, businesses can protect user data more effectively.
- Data Transparency: Businesses have a responsibility to ensure there is clearly communicated data transparency, creating a trusting relationship between the brand and the consumer. Clear information about business data protection policies should be easily accessible.
- Data Encryption: User data is an extremely valuable asset and businesses should secure customer data by encrypting it. This is a further safety measure to protect user data from being misused.
- Data Secure Deletion: Businesses must also take responsibility for deleting user data that is no longer needed. Removing data securely is an important part of data protection.
- Stronger Data Breach Response: Along with making sure data is protected, businesses should prepare for data breaches as-well. It’s important to have a defined response plan to any data breaches quickly, such as customer notifications.
Businesses are efficiently deploying these strategies to protect user data, showcasing their commitment to responsible data management. Not only does this protect consumers, but it ultimately strengthens the long-term trust between business and the consumer, which is essential for sustainable success.
9. Best Practices for Safeguarding User Data
In the modern digital age, data security is of utmost importance. Businesses have an ethical commitment to keep user data safe and secure. Here are some of the :
- Develop Secure Software: An organization should invest in secure software development and design that meets the highest security requirements. It should also ensure that credentials are encrypted and passwords are strong and random.
- Data Security: Businesses should implement best industry practices to secure user data. This includes storing data on secure servers, enforcing two-factor authentication, regularly conducting vulnerability scans, and monitoring user access.
- Awareness: Businesses need to ensure that all vendors, partners, and employees understand the importance of data security and the ethical guidelines of data privacy. This can be done through regular training sessions and awareness initiatives.
- Compliance: Organizations should stay up to date with industry regulations and legal compliance requirements. This ensures that user data is protected and business risks are minimized.
- Auditing: Businesses should conduct regular audits throughout their organization in order to identify and patch any security vulnerabilities or weaknesses. It is also important to have an incident response plan in place to deal with any data breach.
By consistently following these best practices, businesses can ensure that their user data is secure and properly safeguarded. In these times of heightened digital activity, it has never been more essential for businesses to protect user data as an ethical commitment to their customers. As the global landscape continues to evolve, businesses must remain vigilant and agile in safeguarding user data – ensuring that they offer a secure and trusted experience. After all, without protecting our data, what we gain in convenience is lost in peace of mind. | <urn:uuid:ac471edd-0195-4c79-bfac-403895aed961> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://randrworkshop.com/safeguarding-user-data-unveiling-the-ethical-commitments-of-businesses/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.935367 | 2,810 | 2.59375 | 3 |
Each year so much trash is thrown into the ocean. The landfills have no space in them, so people just throw the extra trash that is in that landfill into the ocean. About 18 billion pounds of trash are thrown into the ocean each year. Also whenever people go to the beaches they litter and leave trash like soda cans or chip bags in the sand. Then the waves come and pick those things up and bring them into the ocean. Also by the year 2050, there will be more trash in the ocean than animals. All of this trash is left in the ocean and it is very harmful to the marine life around the trash.
There is also so much oil going into the ocean. The oil comes from an oil boat. The boat is trying to transport oil from one place to another. During this process, the boat has an accident and it spills almost all of the oil of the boat. The clean-up process to clean the oil is a long and very hard thing. Also, your goal is to do this before the oil gets to marine life.
Both the trash that we are throwing into the ocean and the oil that we are accidentally spilling into the ocean are harming marine life and all sorts of animals around the area that is polluted. According to One Green Planet “Like many other marine animals, sea turtles mistake plastic waste for a viable food source, sometimes causing blockages in their digestive system. Though the declining sea turtle populations in the oceans are due to a variety of factors (most all of which involve human exploitation), plastic pollution plays a significant role.” Sea turtles are one of the animals that get harmed by plastic and they cannot ingest things like plastic and other materials very quickly.
Sea turtles are getting harmed by people almost every single day. According to Turtle Hospital “Turtles are opportunistic feeders, meaning they will eat just about anything, sort of like a billy goat. Unfortunately, it is nearly impossible for a turtle to break-down synthetic material once it is ingested, and very often it will cause an intestinal blockage, called an impaction” Sea turtles think that plastic bags are their common food source of a jellyfish.
So many sea turtles are getting hurt because of the things we do. Not only are sea turtles getting hurt but so many other marine animals are getting harmed by our actions. We can help these animals by recycling things that can be recycled. We can also clean out the beaches and the ocean by snorkeling and deep-sea diving to pick up trash and save most of the marine life that needs saving.
Some companies like OceanHero spend time removing the plastic in the ocean to make it safe for the animals. OceanHero says that if people add this to Google Chrome, they will get a question about the ocean for each tab that you open. They give you shells for each question answered. For every 100 shells that you get, you have helped get 1 plastic bottle out of the water. So far OceanHero’s users have recycled about 23 million plastic bottles.
If we all work together to save marine life, we can make the ocean a great place for the animals in it. Animals are suffering because of human negligence. We need to help them so that the ocean will be a fun and safe place for everyone and everything.
By Shyam suhas Kandala | <urn:uuid:92dec03e-5698-4a58-a7e0-3f30b950de07> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://recyclemybattery.org/lets-talk-about-marine-life/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.966133 | 680 | 3.1875 | 3 |
Here are some numbers I came across while preparing for an upcoming presentation:
- Women constitute 53% of the world’s population and own 1% of the wealth
- Women still earn 20% less than men
- In Canada, women occupy only 11% of the seats on corporate boards
- Of the 308 parliamentary seats in Canada’s House of Commons, only 68 (22%) are filled by women
- According to the New York-based Women’s Media Centre, only 3% of media decision makers are women
- In the 2010 Report on the Global Gender Gap issued by the World Economic Forum, which assesses criteria such as employment equity, health care, and political representation, Canada ranked #20 — a free-fall from #7 in 2005 — putting our country behind the US for the first time ever in terms of its treatment of the female population.
What does this all mean?
I think it means that even in our developed Western world, where gender inequalities are not as apparent as they may be elsewhere, there’s a lot of work to do in sustaining women’s rights and in working towards a better, more just society. There are worrying indications and further support to be found for this need in articles such as this one from The Globe & Mail on the reduction in the number of women appointed to the judiciary.
My focus here is not to talk about the broader social policy issues — at least not today — but I would like to address what I think this may mean in terms of educating young men and women, boys and girls.
Let’s look at what some consider the three levers of our modern society — money, politics, and the media — and some subject areas or topics which could be incorporated into or emphasized in the curriculum.
On the premise that the more you understand money and how it works, the better you’ll manage your own financial situation. Are we teaching enough about:
- financial literacy and budgeting?
- economics and the history of financial economics?
- how to contend with the lure of consumerism?
Unless you learn why politics is important, how our system works, and its history, you’ll never see or understand the relevance to you and the world you live in.
- Why aren’t K-12 students exploring elections as they happen? In our community, students from Capilano University helped to run the All Candidates Meeting hosted by the West Vancouver Chamber of Commerce (Trustees were not included in the official proceedings). However, as far as I know, none of the municipal candidates were invited into schools to talk to students or to answer questions. If our intent is to improve the engagement of youth in the electoral process, why not take advantage of real life situations when they are current and relevant?
- Is the history of the struggle for women’s rights highlighted when Canadian history is being taught?
- Are biographies or autobiographies of Canadian women included on reading lists for social studies courses or even as examples of non-fiction in English or French language classes?
It surrounds us, it influences us, it continually evolves and changes. In a recent CBC documentary, Naomi Wolf, author of The Beauty Myth, says she finds media images of women getting worse, reinforcing unrealistic expectations and norms. Are we doing enough to educate students about the media — advertising, movies, music videos, song lyrics, newscasts, etc. — and the influence it has on our behaviours and attitudes? Did you know that misogynist comments on-line are starting to drive female journalists and bloggers off-line according to a recent article in the UK newspaper, The Guardian. Women’s voices need to be heard and represented, not shrouded in the silence of earlier eras that would negate the work of great Canadians such as Henrietta Muir Edwards, Nellie McClung, Louise McKinney, Emily Murphy, and Irene Parlby. http://archives.cbc.ca/on_this_day/10/18/
There are many other ideas and initiatives we could pursue and explore. Paying attention to these three areas would be a start because the issue of women’s rights is an issue of human rights — not just abroad, but here at home. | <urn:uuid:9537aed2-445c-4e96-a884-b925e41598ea> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://reemafaris.com/why-womens-rights-are-an-education-priority/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.958799 | 876 | 2.53125 | 3 |
yields True if is determined to be greater than .
yields True if the form a strictly decreasing sequence.
- Greater is also known as strong inequality or strict inequality.
- Greater gives True or False when its arguments are real numbers.
- Greater does some simplification when its arguments are not numbers.
- For exact numeric quantities, Greater internally uses numerical approximations to establish numerical ordering. This process can be affected by the setting of the global variable $MaxExtraPrecision.
Examplesopen allclose all
Numeric Inequalities (7)
Symbolic and numeric methods used by Greater are insufficient to disprove this inequality:
Use RootReduce to decide the sign of algebraic numbers:
Numeric methods used by Greater do not use sufficient precision to prove this inequality:
RootReduce proves the inequality using exact methods:
Increasing $MaxExtraPrecision may also prove the inequality:
Symbolic Inequalities (2)
Use Refine to reevaluate the inequality assuming that x is real:
Use Reduce to find an explicit description of the solution set:
Use FindInstance to find a solution instance:
Use Minimize to optimize over the inequality-defined region:
Use Refine to simplify under the inequality defined assumptions:
Properties & Relations (12)
The negation of three-argument Greater does not simplify automatically:
This is not equivalent to three-argument LessEqual:
When Greater cannot decide inequality between numeric expressions it returns unchanged:
FullSimplify uses exact symbolic transformations to disprove the inequality:
Positive[x] is equivalent to :
Use Reduce to solve inequalities:
Use FindInstance to find solution instances:
Possible Issues (3)
Thanks to automatic precision tracking, Greater knows to look only at the first 10 digits:
The extra digits in this case are ignored by Greater:
Wolfram Research (1988), Greater, Wolfram Language function, https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/Greater.html (updated 1996).
Wolfram Language. 1988. "Greater." Wolfram Language & System Documentation Center. Wolfram Research. Last Modified 1996. https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/Greater.html.
Wolfram Language. (1988). Greater. Wolfram Language & System Documentation Center. Retrieved from https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/Greater.html | <urn:uuid:7830e728-ab15-4903-8451-13ce5e1a2b5e> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/Greater.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.757269 | 508 | 4.21875 | 4 |
"Heavy bougainvillea vines are climbing up a wall with a profusion of pink blooms, making even an old window airconditioning unit appear attractive. This tropical plant is a favorite in southern locales where they provide abundant color. Older established vines can cover a two story building when allowed to grow unchecked. These plants were found on buildings on Worth Ave in Palm Beach, Florida."
Solutions for India’s Cooling Quandary
Last month consumers across India received a jolt when they were delivered their electricity bills. The combined effects of stay-at-home measures to contain the COVID-19 pandemic, the sweltering heat of the Indian summer, and increased usage of energy intensive appliances such as air conditioners resulted in electricity bills being up to ten times higher than normal.
While electricity providers explained that the astronomical bills included adjustments against previous months’ estimated consumption, at a time when many were facing hardships due to pay cuts and unemployment, this was an added and unexpected financial stress.
Until recently, monthly utility charges were manageable for most households. India’s electricity rates are some of the lowest in the world and per capita consumption has also been low. But as economic prosperity has reached more citizens, aspirational purchases such as air conditioners have increased significantly and now more than 40 million units are in operation throughout the country.
And while air conditioners may be viewed as luxury items that offer thermal comfort while we work and study, they also save lives during increasingly common and deadly heatwaves. In a country such as India, where temperatures are known to regularly cross 110℉ (43℃) during the summer, access to cooling is increasingly a necessity. However, the stark reality is that air conditioning is incredibly harmful for the planet—not only because of the energy the units consume, but also because of the hydrofluorocarbon-based refrigerants they release into the atmosphere.
Recently, the United Nations Environment Program and the International Energy Agency released a report which goes as far as to state that the prosperity of the world and human civilization depends on access to cooling but a growing demand for cooling will be one of the most significant drivers of climate change. Analyses by top research organizations reveal that the exponential boom in demand for cooling over the next few decades is expected to cause up to 0.5C degree rise in global temperatures by the end of the century. In a nutshell, as we blast cool our homes, we are effectively roasting the planet.
The exponential boom in demand for cooling over the next few decades is expected to cause up to 0.5°C rise in global temperatures by the end of the century.Tweet
India lays at the epicenter of this problem. A vast majority of its population lives in heat-stressed areas and they are projected to switch on over 1 billion room air conditioners by 2050. According to the IEA and UN report, India’s cooling demand is expected to drive an additional 800 GW of power generation. To put this into perspective, this would be more than twice the capacity in India today.
Having identified this looming concern, India has displayed foresight and leadership in addressing the problem. In 2019, the Government laid out its ground-breaking India Cooling Action Plan (ICAP), which provides a roadmap for addressing the nation’s future thermal comfort and the cooling needs in a sustainable manner through promoting and developing efficient cooling technologies.
In addition, India’s Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) has been diligent and ambitious in setting minimum energy performance standards (MEPS) and star ratings for air conditioning units sold in the country, re-evaluating and setting new benchmarks every two years. This year BEE has again ratcheted up the MEPS to an ISEER of 3.1 for split-type ACs and of 2.5 for window ACs. And while their efforts are showing results, they are not enough. The bar must be raised higher.
The fact is that there are vastly better technologies available. Certain models of air conditioners already operate at double the MEPS level and about 40 percent higher efficiency compared to the 5-star label (ISEER 4.5). In addition, even more impressive technologies with the potential to have five times less climate impact have been identified by the Global Cooling Prize and could be in the market within a few years.
The Government of India and Energy Efficiency Services Limited (EESL) have also implemented bulk procurement of 50,000 energy efficient air conditioners that are 20 percent more efficient than BEE 5-star ACs but are priced comparable to BEE 3-star ACs. This effectively demonstrates what other countries have seen: that scaling demand for more efficient units brings down prices. We could expect to see the same dynamic if MEPS were raised to, or even higher than, today’s 5-star units. Making the highest-efficiency units more affordable to buy in addition to being dramatically more affordable to operate would be a huge win for consumers.
As we look ahead at what is called the Decade of Action on climate, biodiversity and the UN’s sustainable development goals, it is clear that there is literally no time to waste. We cannot wait for industry and policy to align gradually; it must be done keeping in mind the urgency of the situation. Innovation and technology advancements mean that the targets set by the world to ensure a habitable and equitable future are achievable, but strong policy support is also needed.
Taking bold steps on ensuring efficient and sustainable cooling would provide a lifeline for the climate, along with India’s energy-security ambitions. In addition, consumers would benefit immensely due to lower life cycle costs of these much-needed appliances, which would enable them to keep their air conditioners on during future unknown shocks such as pandemics and heatwaves. India can keep cool without cooking the climate, and it must. | <urn:uuid:6be35d4a-b5f7-446b-bc24-5937fdf43ac7> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://rmi.org/solutions-for-indias-cooling-quandary/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.958407 | 1,211 | 2.53125 | 3 |
A metrical foot consisting of an unaccented syllable followed by an accented one. This is the rhythm of ordinary English speech. Examples of iambic words are "divide" and "deter." Gerard Manley Hopkins' "The Windhover" begins deceptively with a line that appears to have five iambic feet, "I caught this morning morning's minion, king-", but that scans differently in his own sprung rhythm. A double foot termed the di-iamb / ~ ' ~ ' / was common in Classical Greek and Latin.
A Classical Greek and Latin metre with three iambic feet (also known in English as the Alexandrine).
An expression that describes a literal sensation, whether of hearing, seeing, touching, tasting, and feeling.
A Classical Greek and Latin double foot consisting of two unstressed syllables and two stressed syllables, either ionic a majore / ' ' ~ ~ / or ionic a minore / ~ ~ ' ' /.
All stressed syllables are separated in isochronous metre by equal duration of time no matter how many slacks or unstressed syllables occur between them.
A line or lines that consist of clauses of equal length. | <urn:uuid:642e310f-a603-4b02-b1c2-4304896d9fe4> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://rpo.library.utoronto.ca/glossary/i | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.933129 | 254 | 3.5 | 4 |
The Basics of Electrical Systems
When it comes to the functionality and safety of your home, electrical systems play a crucial role. From powering your lights and appliances to ensuring the smooth operation of your heating and cooling systems, electricity is a necessity in modern households. Understanding the basics of electrical systems can help you appreciate the importance of professional electrical services.
Electrical systems consist of various components, including electrical panels, circuits, outlets, and wiring. These components work together to distribute electricity throughout your home. A well-designed and properly installed electrical system is essential for efficient power distribution and to prevent electrical hazards. Explore this external source we’ve arranged for you and discover additional details on the subject discussed. Broaden your understanding and investigate fresh viewpoints, blocked drains adelaide https://starplusplumbing.com.au!
The Role of Professional Electrical Services
Professional electrical services are crucial for maintaining the safety and functionality of your home. Here’s why:
Expertise: Professional electricians have the knowledge and experience necessary to handle electrical installations, repairs, and maintenance. They are trained to identify and fix electrical issues, ensuring that your home remains safe and in compliance with electrical codes.
Safety: Dealing with electricity can be dangerous, especially if you don’t have the right expertise. Professional electricians follow strict safety protocols to minimize the risk of electrical accidents. They are familiar with the necessary precautions to take when working with electrical systems, reducing the likelihood of electrocution or electrical fires.
Efficiency: Professional electricians have the skills to efficiently troubleshoot electrical problems. They can quickly identify the root cause of issues and provide effective solutions, saving you time and preventing further damage to your electrical system.
Code Compliance: Electrical codes and regulations are in place to ensure the safety of homeowners. Professional electricians are well-versed in these codes and ensure that all electrical work is done in compliance with the relevant regulations. This ensures that your home is safe and prevents any potential legal issues that may arise from non-compliance.
Electrical Services for Homeowners
Professional electrical services cater to a wide range of needs for homeowners. Some of the most common services offered include:
Installation: Electricians can install new electrical systems, outlets, lighting fixtures, appliances, and more. This ensures that all electrical installations are done correctly and safely.
Repairs: If you’re experiencing electrical issues such as flickering lights, frequent tripping of circuit breakers, or outlets not working, professional electricians can diagnose the problem and provide the necessary repairs.
Maintenance: Regular maintenance of your electrical system is essential for its longevity and safety. Electricians can perform inspections, testing, and cleaning of electrical components to ensure optimal performance.
Upgrades: As technology advances, you may need to upgrade your electrical system to meet the growing demands of your household. Professional electricians can assess your current system and make recommendations for upgrades, such as installing additional circuits or upgrading your electrical panel.
Choosing a Professional Electrical Service Provider
When it comes to choosing a professional electrical service provider, it’s important to consider a few key factors: Want to learn more about the subject? plumber adelaide https://starplusplumbing.com.au, packed with valuable and additional information that will enhance your understanding of the topic discussed.
Experience: Look for electricians with extensive experience in the industry. They should have a track record of successfully handling various electrical projects and delivering quality work.
Qualifications and Licensing: Ensure that the electricians you hire are licensed and have the necessary qualifications. This guarantees that they have undergone the required training and have the knowledge to handle electrical work safely and effectively.
Reputation: Research the reputation of the electrical service provider before hiring them. Read customer reviews, ask for references, and inquire about their previous projects. A reputable provider will have positive feedback and satisfied customers.
Insurance: It’s crucial to work with an electrical service provider that has adequate insurance coverage. This protects you from liability in case of accidents or damage that may occur during the electrical work.
Cost: While cost shouldn’t be the sole determining factor, it’s important to compare prices and get quotes from different providers. This ensures that you’re getting a fair and competitive price for the electrical services you require.
Professional electrical services are essential for the safety, functionality, and efficiency of your home’s electrical systems. By relying on the expertise of professional electricians, you can ensure that your electrical work is done correctly, in compliance with regulations, and without compromising the safety of your household. So, the next time you need electrical installations, repairs, or maintenance, make sure to seek the services of a reputable and qualified electrical service provider.
Explore the topic further by accessing the related posts we’ve curated to enrich your research:
Access this informative content | <urn:uuid:45be35b4-e9cd-4bdd-9fb5-08c0f1ccf4b1> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://santospark.com/24107-the-importance-of-professional-electrical-services-for-your-home-57/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.915342 | 996 | 2.5625 | 3 |
November 12 is John William Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh’s birthday. Lord Rayleigh was an English physicist who won the 1904 Nobel Prize in Physics for the discovery of the element argon. His colleague, William Ramsay won the 1904 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his contribution to this discovery.
The discovery of argon seems trivial compared to the other physical phenomena he is associated with. His work in physics covered a large variety of topics such as optics, sound, hydrodynamics, wave theory, electrodynamics and light scattering. His work with optics and sound stand out the most.
Rayleigh was the first to explain why the sky is blue. He showed the gas molecules in the atmosphere scatter sunlight. The scattering is strongly inversely wavelength dependent. The shorter the wavelength, the more scattering occurs. Violet colors of the Sun’s spectrum are mostly absorbed by gases in the air, leaving blue as the dominant short wavelength color. The other colors are present, but there is more blue scattering than any other during the day. The scattering is different depending on the angle between the light source and the observer. During the day, when the Sun is overhead, we see blue skies. As the sun rises or sets, the light source is almost flat with respect to the observer and the blue colors are scattered out of the line of sight of the observer leaving the yellow, orange and red colors seen during sunrises and sunsets. This scattering is known as Rayleigh scattering in his honor.
Rayleigh is associated with another light scattering phenomenon known as the Rayleigh criterion. This has to do with the ability of a lens or circular aperture to resolve different light sources. Think of a car’s brake lights. When they are close to you, you see two distinct lights. As the car moves away from you, they appear to get closer and closer until they seem to merge together. The point where the two lights meet and appear to be one light is the Rayleigh criterion.
Another phenomenon Rayleigh is associated with is known as Rayleigh waves. Rayleigh waves are acoustical waves that travel along the surface of solid materials. They can be seen when striking some surfaces as the energy of the impact moves from the source. This is also the cause of much of the damage due to earthquakes. The wave produced from the action at the quake’s epicenter rapidly travels away and oscillates the surface.
Rayleigh’s largest published work “Theory of Sound” is still recognized by today’s researchers. He was widely published elsewhere. He had nearly 450 published papers and contributed to the Encyclopedia Britannica. He was made a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1873 and served President of the Society from 1905 to 1908. He also served as Chancellor of Cambridge University.
Notable Science History Events for November 12
1916 – Percival Lawrence Lowell died.
Lowell was an American astronomer who founded Lowell Observatory in Arizona. He predicted the existence of Pluto. He published three books on Mars that attempted to prove the thin lines on Mars’ surface were water canals and supported life. He also mapped a system of spokes and dark central hub on the surface of Venus. Today we know the surface of Venus cannot be seen from Earth.
Lowell also theorized the existence of a Planet X outside the orbit of Neptune. He believed a large mass was affecting the orbits of Uranus and Neptune and began a systematic search. He would never discover his planet, but Clyde Tombaugh would discover Pluto at Lowell Observatory in 1930.
1891 – Seth Barnes Nicholson was born.
Nicholson was an American astronomer who discovered four moons of Jupiter. He joined up with Edison Pettit in the 1920s to make the first systematic observations of planetary bodies and the sun using an infrared detector.
1842 – John William Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh was born.
1746 – Jacques-Alexandre-César Charles was born.
Charles was a French physicist and inventor who described the relationship between the volume and absolute temperatures of ideal gases known as Charles’s Law. This special case of the ideal gas law states as pressure remains constant, if the volume increases, the temperature of the gas will decrease. If volume decreases, the temperature of the gas will increase.
He also built the first hydrogen-filled balloon and the first manned hydrogen-filled balloon. | <urn:uuid:7a15a802-b1fb-4d78-8a06-6cccf83f8c25> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://sciencenotes.org/today-science-history-november-12-lord-rayleigh/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.966861 | 898 | 4 | 4 |
Crackling in the ear is an uncomfortable sensation or ringing you might hear in your ear. It may indicate various ear conditions like infections, blockage, or others. Although it’s not usually harmful, constant crackling in the ear can tell a complex underlying condition.
Wondering what’s causing crackling in my ear and how to deal with it. Read ahead to discover everything you need to know about crackling in the ear.
What Are The Causes of Ear Crackling?
You may hear a crackling noise in your ear due to various conditions, such as yawning or changing altitudes. Besides this, ear wax, congestion, tinnitus, and blocked eustachian tubes can cause ear crackling. Let’s review them one by one.
1. Dysfunctioning of Eustachian Tube:
The Eustachian tube maintains the pressure inside the middle ear, evacuates the middle ear’s fluid, and prevents infection. Dysfunctioning of the eustachian tube, connecting the middle ear with the nose and upper throat, may result in a crackling noise inside the ear1 (2022, May 4). Blocked Eustachian Tube. uofmhealth.org. Retrieved February 20, 2023, from https://www.uofmhealth.org/health-library/uf9680. It may be due to infections, tonsils, allergies, pollution in the air, split palate, tumors, and polyps in the nasal cavity.
Due to all the above reasons, the Eustachian tube gets infected and may have a temporary or permanent obstruction. Crackling in the ear after sinus rinse may be due to fluid build-up in the tube. It may happen when you wash nostrils with saline solution.
2. Acute Otitis Media:
A middle ear infection is most common in children. It occurs due to unusual blockage and accumulation of fluid in the eustachian tube. The fluid, while remaining inside the ear, causes infection. Besides this, other causes of the disorder include pain and pressure in the ear, severe headaches, problems in hearing, fever, etc.
3. Expansion of Ear wax:
Earwax, secreted into the ear, protects the internal structures of the ear canal from germs and infections. Using earbuds or hearing aids instruments such as earbuds and hearing instruments can push the wax inside the ear canal2 Hearing Loss Association (n.d.). 9 Facts about Earwax. Hearingloss.org. Retrieved February 20, 2023, from https://www.hearingloss.org/wp-content/uploads/HLM_JulAug2017_MHeinrich.pdf?pdf=2017-hlm-ja-mheinrich. These items inhibit the natural flow of earwax out of the ear.
4. Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) Disruption:
It is a group of disorders that lead to dysfunctional pain in the joints of the jaws and the muscles and is also a primary cause of crackling in the ear. Among the common 30 TMDs, joint disorders, chewing muscles disorders, and headaches are the main types. Generally, this disorder is not permanent and heals on its own. But, in some cases, it is long-lasting.
Signs and Symptoms
Whatever the condition causing crackling in your ear, you may experience the following symptoms:
- A feeling of congestion in the ear
- Hearing loss or difficulty in hearing
- Partial hearing loss
- Dizziness or vertigo
- Ear discharge, including pus or blood.
- Plugged ears
- Ear discomfort or pain
- Itching and inflammation
When to Consult a Doctor?
You should see a doctor if the crackling worsens and you experience any of the following conditions:
- Severe and constant crackling in the ear, affecting your quality of life.
- Persistent fever or pain indicating an ear infection.
- Fluid discharge with blood and pus in the ear canal
- Impaired hearing
How Can You Diagnose it?
Diagnosis usually includes a physical examination of your ear, nose, and throat. Your doctor may also ask about your medical history to know about the probable cause.
However, there might be some specific tests to diagnose it.
- Imaging tests like MRI and CT scan
- A hearing exam
- Checking the eardrum’s movement to detect middle ear problems.
What Treatment Options are Available?
Treating ear crackling depends on the underlying condition. Some standard treatment options are:
Over-the-Counter (OTC) Medicines
Various OTC medicines are available to treat it, such as:
- OTC ear drops can help soften the wax and reduce irritation.
- NSAIDs to relieve pain and inflammation.
- OTC decongestants can help unclog your plugged ears and reduce congestion.
- Antihistamines to relieve itching, symptoms of cold, and allergies.
Use earwax softening kits or consult a specialist to remove your earwax. Carefully using irrigation tools can help flush the liquefied wax easily.
If you experience symptoms of an ear infection lasting longer than 2-3 days, your doctor may prescribe an antibiotic like Amoxicillin to treat the ear infection.
Opening of Eustachian tube
A small balloon catheter is usually inserted to help open or dilate the eustachian tubes. Also, nasal irrigation with salt water can be helpful in removing excess mucus in the nose and sinuses.
The doctor may prescribe Tricyclic Antidepressants and Muscle Relaxants if ear crackling is associated with TMJ disorder.
Surgery is the last option if conventional methods fail to resolve crackling in the ear due to TMJ disorder. However, it’s not always successful.
Crackling in the ear, no pain? Sometimes, the crackling sound in the ear is not much severe. In this case, you can try these simple home remedies for relief. However, a medical visit is always recommended to rule out the cause.
- Try to unclog your ears simply by movement like chewing and swallowing.
- Use mineral oil or hydrogen peroxide to soften the earwax.
- Flush your nose with salt water to remove excess mucus from the sinuses.
- Use ice packs or massage the area to relieve irritation.
- Try TMJ exercises to relieve joint stiffness and pain.
How to Prevent Crackling in Ear?
Here are a few simple tips to prevent popping in the ear:
- Practice general hygiene like washing hands and staying isolated from sick to respiratory infections.
- Avoid allergens, tobacco smoke, and other environmental pollutants that can disturb the eustachian tube’s function.
- Avoid cleaning your ears with cotton swabs; they can push ear wax into the ear canal.
- Never push any hard object into your ear canal.
- Noise and loud voices can cause ear crackling and damage. Avoid excessive noise exposure and use hearing protection in noisy environments.
You might have experienced crackling in the ear in loud environments or climbing at high altitudes. It is primarily a self-limiting condition that resolves independently after some time. However, popping and crackling in the ear due to some serious underlying cause can be alarming and require you to visit the doctor.
- 1(2022, May 4). Blocked Eustachian Tube. uofmhealth.org. Retrieved February 20, 2023, from https://www.uofmhealth.org/health-library/uf9680
- 2Hearing Loss Association (n.d.). 9 Facts about Earwax. Hearingloss.org. Retrieved February 20, 2023, from https://www.hearingloss.org/wp-content/uploads/HLM_JulAug2017_MHeinrich.pdf?pdf=2017-hlm-ja-mheinrich | <urn:uuid:998e171d-a61a-48d3-ad88-0dcff06e913c> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://sehathub.com/crackling-in-ear | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.895097 | 1,677 | 3.140625 | 3 |
Event tracking is a method of measuring and analyzing user interactions with a website or application. It involves setting up specific “events” on the website or application that can be tracked, such as clicks on a button or a link, form submissions, or video plays.
Event tracking is typically done using analytics software, such as Google Analytics, which allows website owners and marketers to track and analyze user behavior on their site. By tracking events, businesses and organizations can gain insights into how users are interacting with their site, and can identify trends and patterns that can help inform their marketing and business strategies.
For example, a business might use event tracking to see how many people are clicking on a particular button or link on their site, or to see how many people are completing a form or making a purchase. This information can help the business identify opportunities for improving the user experience on their site, and can help them make data-driven decisions about how to optimize their site for better performance. | <urn:uuid:cf232f58-4310-4836-a531-020ff92264bd> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://seomileage.com/glossary/event-tracking/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.950432 | 198 | 2.59375 | 3 |
The voting system is a set of rules about the way people vote and how the votes are counted. Different countries have different voting systems. There are many different types of voting system. One of the first voting systems to be used is called "first-past-the-post". Under this system each voter writes an "x" next to their chosen candidate. At the end, the votes are counted. The candidate with the most votes wins. Some people think that first-past-the-post is unfair because they believe that many votes are wasted. | <urn:uuid:63d76abb-ee89-4a2c-8b20-27b2cb98e5bb> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://simple.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voting_system | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.975697 | 111 | 3.96875 | 4 |
Unsafe drinking water is one of the world’s most critical health and environmental problems. Nearly 9 percent of the world does not have regular access to clean drinking water.
As an innovative biotech company, SJ Environmental offers multiple adsorbents that capture and remove hazardous chemicals from water, crude oil, and natural gas.
Is Sulfur in Drinking Water Safe?
Sulfur can be consumed in low amounts and is considered a vital part of a healthy diet, but high sulfur concentrations >250 milligrams per liter can cause negative health effects such as:
- Trouble breathing
Hydrogen sulfide gas occurs naturally in some groundwater. It is formed from decomposing underground deposits of organic matter such as decaying plant material. It’s often present in wells drilled in shale or sandstone, or near coal or peat deposits or oil fields.
How is Sulfur Removed from Drinking Water?
Depending on the concentration level of hydrogen sulfide, there are multiple ways to safely remove the gas from water and make it acceptable to drink.
For extremely low levels of sulfur, adding air to the water can help disperse some of the gas, but does not always reduce the hydrogen sulfide to non-detectable levels.
Chlorine bleach can effectively remove medium to high levels (over 6 mg/l) of hydrogen sulfide. The chlorine in the bleach chemically reacts with the hydrogen sulfide eliminating the foul odor. Chlorine bleach also reacts with iron or manganese and disinfects the water.
H2S adsorbents can be used to mass clean water with a high sulfur concentration that was previously deemed unusable. This process opens the availability of water in shale rock deep underground.
What Can SJ Environmental Do to Help Water Treatment Markets?
We engineer the latest energy purification technology, to maximize our client’s profitability and reduce waste. Our main area of focus is gas purification but this technology can also be used for large-scale water treatment.
As the need for clean water rises, SJ Environmental is prepared to answer the call. We can ultimately pave the way to a greener, brighter future.
If you have questions about how this technology can serve your specific needs, let’s talk. | <urn:uuid:6cdf0e3c-4f51-4018-bd7f-a7a2bcf1c6bd> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://sje-usa.com/h2s-removal/water-purification-with-h2s-removal/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.909805 | 460 | 3.203125 | 3 |
If you consider adding women’s paintings to your selection, look at the few paintings from the 1400s up to the 20th century we discuss in this article, and perhaps you see one you want to start with. There are excellent reproductions available of all the paintings we discuss.
Over centuries artists have been creating paintings of women. Although nude women had been famous in ancient times, nude models were not used in the early Western Christian environment until the 1400s. As a result, women in paintings in the early Christian era were generally linked to Biblical themes and individuals.
In the late 1400’s Sandro Botticelli painted the first non-religious woman nude since ancient times. This revolutionized the whole view regarding how women could be portrayed. However, some of the early women portraits were controversial at the time when they were created. There are many reasons for the controversy and include aspects such as the custom in the Renaissance Period. Women had to show in the profile and never be portrayed “looking at you.”
Birth of Venus – Sandro Botticelli
The first non-religious woman nude since ancient times was painted in the mid-1480s by Sandro Botticelli. His famous painting “Birth of Venus” represents the return to the ideals of antiquities. Botticelli “copied” the narrative and the elements of the composition from ancient Greece. The story about Venus’ ride on the shell originated with the poet Homer.
Mona Lisa – Leonardo de Vinci
The “Mona Lisa,” painted by Leonardo da Vinci is probably the most famous painting of a woman. It was created in 1505 – about a century after Botticelli’s famous, revolutionary “Birth of Venus” painting.
By using oil paint and his unique shadowing technique, Da Vinci achieved a new level of realism. This realism influenced many other Italian Renaissance artists. As a result of Da Vinci’s technique, Mona Lisa’s skin looks smooth and her eyes expressive. Her smile is so intense that it has captivated viewers and artists for centuries.
Girl with a Pearl Earring – Jan Vermeer
Another one leading in the list of famous paintings of women is Jan Vermeer’s “Girl with a Pearl,” painted in 1665. This painting is often called “The Dutch Mona Lisa” because the girl’s head is the main subject in the painting. As the pearl earring is the main focal point and Vermeer has masterfully used the interplay between the light and shadow, the painting is compared with Da Vinci’s “Mona Lisa.”
Woman with a Parasol – Madame Monet and Her Son – Claude Monet
Monet portrayed his first wife and son walking through a meadow in Argenteuil on a windy day. It was created in 1875. The painting is also known as “The Stroll.” It is an example of Monet’s unique way of using color in the typical style of Impressionism.
It is speculated that it was painted outdoors and in one session. This explains the spontaneous feel of the painting. It is one of his most significant works from that period- 100 cm by 81 cm.
The Portrait of Madame X – John Singer Sargent
“The Portrait of Madame X” was painted by John Singer Sargent in the 1880s. It is also known as “Portrait of Madame Pierre Gautreau.” It was considered controversial when it was painted as it was suggested that her pose was sexually provocative.
Sargent later said that he had purposefully and carefully chosen the pose for the model. Virginie Gautreau’s model is depicted with her body facing forward in a bold stance while her head is painted in profile view. He successfully both hides and reveals the model’s form simultaneously in this painting.
Art critics remarked that the artist had intentionally used the pose and other aspects like the black dress to enhance the curves of the woman.
Olympia – Edouard Manet
Edouard Manet’s “Olympia” is a nude depiction of a courtesan. When it was painted in 1856, it caused an outrage among the people of Paris. According to the people in Paris, it humanized prostitution. This was not very popular at the time Manet created his painting.
It seems as if Olympia’s eyes are focused on the viewer. This also enraged the public. It was unusual for women, and specifically a nude prostitute, to stare at you so bluntly.
Portrait of Edith – Egon Schiele
Another famous painting of a woman is by the artist from Vienna, Egon Schiele. He created a stunning portrait of his wife in 1915. The tender image of his wife was painted the same year they married. It shows her doll-like features and long arms. What stands out in this vibrant painting is the colorful dress that dominates the artwork.
Paintings of women have been produced for centuries, and they are still used as themes for artworks. Many of these paintings of women have become famous or have an interesting background story.
If you want to acquire reproductions of any of the paintings mentioned in this article, or are intrigued by paintings of women, look for a more excellent choice of paintings. 1st-art-gallery is the world’s largest supplier of Made-to-Order Oil Paintings and has excellent summaries and photos of works depicting women available, it is a perfect place to start. | <urn:uuid:3a16d3d7-5e0a-430b-af36-92ced943c5fc> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://slamxhype.com/famous-paintings-of-women-from-the-2nd-millennium/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.978828 | 1,177 | 3.0625 | 3 |
I owe my indebtedness to my Supervisor (Name of your Supervisor), the Head of Department (Name of your HOD), the Lecturers in the department of Animal Science, Book Authors and Profound Scholars of existing/related research material for your moral support that facilitated the successful completion of my (Tertiary Institution level). I am grateful to God Almighty and my parent for their financial support in my career. I really appreciate you all for everything, Thank you very much.
Insect pests are those insect species that are injurious or a nuisance. They cause injury or damage to crops in the field and grains in storage. Man and his domesticated animals are also attacked by insect pests. Arthropod predators belong to the phylum Arthropoda and are most times beneficial in the control of insect pests. Arthropod predators are members of the phylum Arthropoda which capture and feed on the prey. They are generally larger than their prey and kill or consume many prey during their life time. Examples of arthropod predators include the lady beetles, spiders, praying mantids, damsel bugs, lace wings, syrphid flies etc. They can feed on insect pests like aphids, moths, mites, butterflies, brown plant hoppers etc. These arthropod predators have been very effective in some cases of biological control programes of insect pests. Examples include the use of the cocinellid beetle, Radolia cardinalis (a lady bird beetle) to control the cottony-cushion scale, Icerya purchasi (a scale insect) which was a citrus pest in carlifornia, U.S.A. also wolf spiders have been effectively used to control the rice pest (the brown plant hoppers) in Indonesia.
1.0 Introduction Arthropod species occur from below the soil surface to the tree canopy. However, only a small fraction are observed on a frequent basis because many are microscopic or hidden below ground or plant tissue. Very few species are classified as pest. Whether they feed on plants or plant produce invade our homes, inflict painful bites or stings. Infect most insects and other arthropods are beneficial and serve a variety of important functions in the garden. The abundance of beneficial insects especially predators is often limited in urban landscapes because these environments typically are characterized by disturbance. Disturbance factors include use of pesticides and other chemicals, air pollution and wind-borne dust, all of which may increase mortality of beneficial arthropods. Residential landscapes often lack adequate amounts of essential resources such as food, nesting sites and shelter than enhance reproduction and survival of natural enemies. Some common strategies are employed to conserve them in residential landscapes and these strategies may help reduce insecticide use and improve plant health by enhancing natural control of arthropod pests. Because many arthropod pests are exotic the aim of classical biological control is to reduce pest numbers by reuniting old enemies through importation of predators from the area of insect pest origin. Lady beetles, green lace wings and spiders are familiar examples of predator arthropods inhibiting residential landscapes and gardens. In general, predators are larger than their prey, consume many prey items during their life time and feed on a broad range of species immature and/or adults may be predatory and often do not leave behind any evidence of attack. However, these arthropod predators often help to keep aphids, spider mites, caterpillars and other insect pests under control.
This chapter focuses on the review of related literature. A literature review includes the current knowledge as well as theoretical and methodological contributions to a particular topic. It documents the state of the art with respect to the topic you are writing. It surveys the literature in the topic selected. In this research work the literature review includes the …
Order Complete Material with Preferred Acquisition Method
Anthropod Predators and Insect Pest Control Complete Material can be acquired by placing an order for the material which will be sent in Microsoft Word (MS-Word) Format and the cost of acquisition is ₦3,000.
For Mobile Money (MoMo) and Researchers Outside Nigeria, Kindly Request Complete Material via WhatsApp.
Be Conversant with your Research Work You are expected to know your project / seminar research work (Anthropod Predators and Insect Pest Control). The sections listed below are the suggested key points to study if your research work is cumbersome or not.
Motivation / Statement of Problems
Aim (Purpose) of the Study
Specific Objectives of the Study
Scope of Study
Significance of Study
State two or more citation from your review of related literature.
In this chapter, the methodologies, tools and techniques used is expected to be known by the researcher.
In this chapter, you are expected to justify your research work and discuss the relevant findings with reference to your objectives of study.
Conclusion and Recommendation
Dress Code: Your dress code should be cooperate wear for example; putting on suit and tie during project defense gives you an automatic mark without a word.
External Examiner / Supervisor Questioning & Student Answering: Questions will be sourced from your research work and any difficult or unknown question not related to your research, kindly say "Sorry Sir/Madam, the question asked is not within my scope of study".
Summary Headlines for Anthropod Predators and Insect Pest Control | <urn:uuid:46eac0bf-6f53-4d3d-a724-ed7d4550e280> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://sparklyn.com.ng/anthropod-predators-and-insect-pest-control-68-d | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.9316 | 1,087 | 3.015625 | 3 |
Kabaddi, often referred to as the “game of the masses,” is a high-energy contact sport that demands strength, agility, and strategic thinking. Originating in ancient times, Kabaddi has a fascinating history that traces back to the Indian subcontinent. In this article, we will embark on a journey to explore the country where Kabaddi originated and delve into the captivating evolution of this sport.
The Birth of Kabaddi
In which country did Kabaddi originate? The answer lies in the heart of the Indian subcontinent. Kabaddi’s roots can be traced back to ancient India, where it was known by various regional names such as “Hadudu” in Bengal, “Hu-Tu-Tu” in Maharashtra, and “Chadukudu” in Tamil Nadu. This physical game gained popularity due to its simplicity and the minimal equipment required.
Kabaddi was not just a sport; it was an integral part of rural life. It was often played in open fields, with players from neighboring villages coming together for exhilarating matches. The sport’s informal nature and easy accessibility contributed to its widespread appeal.
The Game’s Essence
To understand the origins of Kabaddi fully, it’s crucial to grasp the essence of the game. Kabaddi is played between two teams, with each team taking turns to send a “raider” into the opponent’s half. The raider’s mission is to tag as many defenders as possible and return to his half without taking a breath. This is where the unique feature of Kabaddi comes into play – the raider must chant “Kabaddi, Kabaddi” continuously while on the offensive.
Evolution of Kabaddi
Over time, Kabaddi evolved from a rural pastime into a structured sport. The rules were standardized, and competitions began to take place at regional and national levels. India, being the birthplace of Kabaddi, has consistently dominated international Kabaddi tournaments.
In the 20th century, Kabaddi underwent significant transformations, leading to two main formats of the game – “Standard Kabaddi” and “Circle Kabaddi.” Standard Kabaddi, which is the most widely recognized form, is played on a rectangular court, while Circle Kabaddi is played within a circular boundary.
The appeal of Kabaddi was not confined to India. It gradually spread to neighboring countries like Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Nepal, where it gained immense popularity. In recent years, efforts have been made to promote Kabaddi on a global scale, with the establishment of international Kabaddi federations and tournaments.
FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions)
Q: How old is the sport of Kabaddi?
A: Kabaddi’s origins can be traced back over 4,000 years, making it one of the oldest sports in history.
Q: Is Kabaddi an Olympic sport?
A: While Kabaddi is not part of the Olympic Games, it is a prominent sport in multi-sport events such as the Asian Games.
Q: What are the basic rules of Kabaddi?
A: Kabaddi involves two teams with seven players each. The raider’s goal is to tag defenders and return to his half without being tackled, all while chanting “Kabaddi.”
Q: Which country is the reigning champion in international Kabaddi tournaments?
A: India has a dominant presence in international Kabaddi tournaments, consistently performing at a high level.
Q: Can women participate in Kabaddi?
A: Yes, Kabaddi is not limited by gender, and there are women’s Kabaddi teams and competitions as well.
Q: Is Kabaddi played professionally?
A: Yes, Kabaddi is played professionally in leagues like the Pro Kabaddi League (PKL) in India, which has gained immense popularity.
In summary, Kabaddi, the high-intensity sport filled with strategic brilliance, originated in the ancient villages of the Indian subcontinent. Its journey from a rustic pastime to a globally recognized sport is a testament to its enduring appeal. As Kabaddi continues to enthrall fans worldwide, its rich history remains an integral part of its charm. | <urn:uuid:c5b8ac44-fb85-4313-9f32-610058af7ae9> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://sportsbeatsindia.com/kabaddi/in-which-country-did-kabaddi-originate/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.962065 | 924 | 2.890625 | 3 |
Historical structures often hold significant cultural, architectural and historic value, representing the heritage and identity of a community or region. Restoring and preserving these buildings are of paramount importance as it allows us to connect with our past, understand our roots, and appreciate the craftmanship and design of earlier generations.
Today, I’m sitting down with Chris Murphy to get a glimpse into the intricate process that is involved with giving older structures a new life while maintaining their historic integrity.
Shannon: This is a huge, timely topic with many variables. You’ve been involved in several restoration projects. Can you drill down to just one of them to illustrate the process?
Chris: That’s really difficult to do. By their very nature, all of these projects are one-of-a-kind. But for the purpose of walking through the process my go-to is the Braselton Brewery. It was originally a cotton gin built in 1920 and had gone virtually untouched in several years. Bringing it back to life from its previous condition to its current state while maintaining the original structure as much as possible was very rewarding.
Shannon: Where did you begin? I get the impression that this project was more than just a mere facelift.
Chris: Correct. Not a nip and tuck situation here. First, the original features and historical significance must be considered. Along with preservationists we closely examine the materials used, construction techniques, and architectural details to understand the original design intent. After that a rigorous structural analysis is conducted to evaluate the stability and integrity of the building. This helps identify any structural deficiencies or potential risks that need to be addressed before and then during the restoration process.
Shannon: Transforming a cotton mill into a brewery must have presented unique challenges. Can you highlight a couple of those and what solutions were found?
Chris: Ironically, the main thing they have in common was one of our biggest structural hurdles. Both need a tremendous amount of water to operate. However, there is a large leap from water turbines that were commonly used in the early 1900’s to power the cotton mill to the sophisticated systems needed to accommodate the modern brewing equipment and restaurant space.
Obviously, the building needed significant structural updates. The goal was to preserve as much as the original structure as possible. After thoughtful consideration and tweaking of design plans we were able to save the original brick walls and wooden beams, giving the resulting brewpub an authentic industrial feel.
Shannon: Now that you’ve put in the hard work and been able to see it manifested as a popular destination in Braselton that attracts locals and visitors with its unique history what should be our main takeaway about these kind of restoration projects?
Chris: Look, it takes a team of professionals, each with their own expertise to collaborate to make a project like this a reality. But the outcome is so worth it. To triumphantly breathe new life into historical structures while ensuring their long-term preservation helps us to learn from these architectural treasures that connect us to our collective history. I’d say it’s done with respect for the past, using present technology with our eyes on the future. | <urn:uuid:e877e109-18fd-4921-8cac-5a3f3419f8d0> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://stabilityengineering.com/structurally-speaking-restoring-historical-structures-talking-past-present-and-future-with-associate-principal-chris-murphy/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.966834 | 649 | 2.625 | 3 |
When it comes to marijuana, cannabis deficiencies are a key concern in the growing process, whether it’s part of a commercial operation or a DIY project. Whether you’re new to the growing game or a seasoned veteran, nutrient deficiencies are often an all-too-common problem for many growers. The most common deficiencies include:
- Boron deficiencies
- Calcium deficiencies
- Copper deficiencies
- Magnesium deficiencies
- Nitrogen deficiencies
The nitrogen deficiency is our focus in this particular blog. In many instances, the solution for these deficiencies is relatively simple. However, sometimes, keeping your plants happy and healthy requires a little more effort.
Warning Signs of a Nitrogen Deficiency
If you notice any or a combination of the 10 following signs, there’s a high probability that your cannabis plants are nitrogen deficient:
- large leaves turn from a pale-green color to white and yellow
- leaves begin to curl and drop off
- petioles and veins turn reddish
- plant tissue develops necrosis
- plants begin flowering
- plants prematurely fade and die
- smaller leaves and stems turn purplish or reddish
- stems acquire purplish, vertical stripes
- yellowing (Chlorosis) spreads from lower parts of the plant to the top
- yield volumes decrease noticeably
In the earlier signs of the deficiency, you’ll begin to see a slight discoloration in the more mature leaves of the plant. As growth continues, it takes on a paler, thinner appearance due to insufficient branching. It eventually, it will fade and die. That is why it needs proper maintenance and care.
How to correct Nitrogen Deficiencies
Nitrogen deficiencies in the soil are a very common occurrence. On a positive note, it’s fairly easy to put this nutrient back into the soil so your plants can take advantage of the benefits it provides. If you want to keep your plants going strong, work organic matter into the soil. This is not only beneficial to your plants; it helps the soil retain moisture and improves its overall structure. Sources of organic matter containing nitrogen are:
- animal manure
- blood meal
- bone meal
- coco peat (coir pith)
- fish meal
- groundnut husks
- horn meal
- nettle slag
- nitrogen-fixing plants such as alfalfa, beans, clover, peas, and peanuts
If you’re planning to add animal manure, keep in mind every type of this fertilizer has different concentrations of nitrogen. For instance, poultry manure contains the highest concentration of nitrogen whereas horse manure has a much lower concentration. The best advice we can give is to purchase high-quality cannabis, if you want to avoid any deficiencies.
For information on accessories that provide a more pleasant smoking experience, contact Tank Glass by sending a message to email@example.com. You can browse a variety of smoking devices online and select the best for your smoking experience. | <urn:uuid:375e7615-2e0f-4e31-94ea-589345a55a30> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://tankglass.com/blogs/tank-blog/nitrogen-deficiency-in-cannabis-and-how-to-fix-it | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.899932 | 619 | 2.90625 | 3 |
Kinetics as the name implies is linked with motion or the bodies in motion affected by forces. In chemistry, kinetics is associated with the rates and speed of chemical reactions and is named chemical kinetics. Let’s learn about chemical kinetics!
What is Chemical Kinetics?
Chemical kinetics is the branch of physical chemistry that deals with the rates of chemical reactions. It determines how fast a reactant is converted into a product. It is a very important topic to learn as thermodynamics only deals with the direction of a reaction and does not tell us how fast it occurs. This information is provided by chemical kinetics.
Rate of Chemical Reaction
The rate of a chemical reaction is described in terms of the rate at which the reactants are consumed and the products are formed. It is important to note that as the reaction takes place, the concentration of reactants decreases, and that of the products increases. Generally, the concentration of substances in a chemical system is described as the quantity of a substance per unit volume. Therefore, the rate of a chemical reaction can be defined more conveniently as the concentration of reactants consumed and the concentration of product formed per unit of time. This can also be depicted by a graph between the concentration of products and reactants and the time of reaction as follows:
In the above graph, it is shown that at the time (t=0) the concentration of products is zero while reactants are present at a definite concentration. As the reaction proceeds with time, the concentration of reactants is gradually decreased and that of products is increased. It also shows that the slope of reactants is negative and that of products is positive.
Factors Affecting the Rate of Reaction
The following factors affect the reaction rates:
⦁ Concentration of reactants: As the reactants concentration increases, the number of collisions between the reactant molecules also increases (according to collision theory), which results in an increased rate of reaction.
⦁ Nature of reactants: The reactions involving atoms and ionic reactants proceed faster while those involving substances with covalent bonds are slower because time is required to break the bonds.
⦁ Physical state of reactants: Reactants in the same phase (solid, liquid, or gas) will come together more often without hindrance which increases the rate of reaction.
⦁ Temperature: Temperature is a major factor affecting the rate of reaction. As the temperature of a reaction system is increased, the reactant molecules will collide more frequently due to increased kinetic energy, which increases the frequency of collisions and hence the rate of reaction as shown below:
⦁ Catalyst: Catalysts also affect the rate of reaction by changing the mechanism of the reaction. Catalyst lowers the activation energy and results in the conversion of reactants into products more quickly as shown in the graph below.
Check out other cool chemistry concepts with other chemistry kits below! | <urn:uuid:48f555b4-54e8-4555-8315-58ac6c9aa43b> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://teachkidschemistry.com/chemistry-concepts/chemical-kinetics/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.956698 | 595 | 4.125 | 4 |
Moore’s Law, named after Intel co-founder Gordon Moore and describing constant chip advancement, has taken a pounding in recent years. But, according to Intel Chief Executive Pat Gelsinger, it’s making a comeback thanks to new chipmaking technologies.
“Moore’s law is alive and well,” Gelsinger said at the company’s online Innovation event. “Today we are predicting that we will maintain or even go faster than Moore’s law for the next decade. … We as the stewards of Moore’s Law will be relentless in our path to innovate.”
That’s a bold assertion from a company that has struggled to progress its chip manufacturing over the last half-decade or more, and has lost market share to Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co. and Samsung, the two other top chipmakers.
It shows that Intel is willing to fight to restore its position and breathe fresh life into a stagnant chip market.
Moore’s Law is named after Gordon Moore, who observed in 1965 (and somewhat modified in 1975) that the number of transistors on a computer processor doubles every two years.
It’s not a physical law, but rather a reflection of the economics of miniaturisation: as manufacturing improves, more circuitry can be put onto a chip, increasing its power and supporting the next round of breakthroughs.
However, as research and production become more expensive, miniaturisation has stalled. Chip elements are shrinking to atomic scales, and power consumption issues are limiting the clock speeds needed to keep chip processing steps in sync.
As a result, Moore’s Law is now commonly used to describe improvements in performance and power consumption, as well as the capacity to pack more transistors into a smaller space on a chip.
Gelsinger, on the other hand, was referring to the traditional meaning of a processor’s transistor count — albeit a processor that could be made up of numerous slices of silicon packed into a single container. He stated, “We expect to bend the curve faster than a doubling every two years.”
Intel will simply catch up to competitors if it succeeds, which Gelsinger promises will happen in 2024. Intel struggled to transition from their 14-nanometer to a 10-nanometer production process, while TSMC and Samsung made faster progress.
Along with packaging, Gelsinger mentioned two important breakthroughs that he believes would help Intel restore its position as the market leader. The first is RibbonFET, which is also known as GAA (gate all around).
It changes transistors such that current flows via a stack of thin ribbon-shaped semiconductors completely encircled by the gate material that turns on and off the current.
The second is Intel’s PowerVia, or backside power delivery as it is more commonly known. This means transistors consume electrical power from one side while connecting to data transmission lines on the other, which adds new processing stages to chipmaking.
Today’s chips strive to fit both functions onto one side, increasing complexity and reducing the number of functions available. | <urn:uuid:3fa95f62-8641-4296-ab3d-6716216b1991> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://techstory.in/intel-ceo-pledges-to-beat-moores-law-over-the-next-decade/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.946503 | 648 | 2.8125 | 3 |
Snooze More, Stress Less: New Study Links Negative Thoughts To Sleep Habits
As anyone who's ever been sleep deprived will tell you, sleepless nights can lead to rough mornings (and afternoons, and evenings).
And according to a new study from the University of York and the University of Cambridge in England, there's a strong connection between a lack of sleep and unwanted thoughts. Here's what the researchers found and why it's significant.
Looking At The Connection Between Sleep And Unwanted Thoughts
For the study, researchers set out to test how well participants could manage intrusive, negative thoughts after being sleep deprived.
For most people, thought intrusions pass quickly, but for those suffering with psychiatric conditions such as post-traumatic stress disorder, they can be repetitive, uncontrollable, and distressing.
The 60 people participating were shown pictures of negative versus neutral scenes and asked to associate certain faces with each scene. That night, half the participants slept normally while the other half were deprived of sleep. They were then shown the same faces the next day and asked to suppress thoughts about the scene each one was associated with
What They Found
There was a very strong connection between sleep deprivation and an increase in unwanted thoughts. The sleep-deprived participants had nearly 50% more unwanted thoughts than the control group.
The control group, on the other hand, got better at managing the unwanted thoughts with practice, and they also showed a lower stress response during the study. The same was not true for those who were sleep deprived.
The study suggests sleep loss has a considerable impact on our ability to keep unwanted thoughts out of our minds.
Not only does this research highlight the importance of getting quality sleep on a consistent basis, but it also suggests poor sleep and intrusive thoughts can become cyclical.
The onset of intrusive thoughts and emotional disturbances following bouts of poor sleep could create a vicious cycle, whereby upsetting intrusions and emotional distress exacerbate sleep problems, inhibiting the sleep needed to support recovery.
All the more reason to focus on sleep hygiene, get to bed early, or take a sleep-promoting supplement - particularly if you suffer from unwanted thoughts or have a psychiatric condition like PTSD or depression.
At the end of the day, there isn't one of us out there who can go without sleep and feel our best. And if you're experiencing negative or unwanted thoughts, catching up on your zzz's might be just what you're missing. | <urn:uuid:fd006a27-53d4-4b2b-a28f-0c0359af6f1e> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://the-journal.es/post/snooze-more | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.961339 | 500 | 2.84375 | 3 |
This is a summary version of a policy Analysis by Jack Young, Engineer specialising in industrial energy management and sustainability. For the full version with references and scientific discussion go here.
The Green Party has recently released their Clean Energy Plan, outlining policy ideas for the coming election cycle. They show a strong focus on solar photovoltaic (PV) panels, including a flagship policy to install solar PV panels with a battery to all 63,000 state homes in NZ.
With an estimated price tag of $1.3 Billion, this flagship policy package definitely deserves a closer look. The other policy suggestions are summarised below.
But aren’t solar PV panels a good thing?
First – a quick explainer. Solar PV panels generate electricity directly from the sun. They can generate some power in diffuse (cloudy) conditions or when the sun is at a low angle (morning and evening), but can only generate their full output when the sun is shining brightly, high in the sky. Most houses in NZ don’t use much power in the middle of a sunny day. Our electricity consumption peaks in the early mornings and mid/late evenings, due to cooking, space heating (especially in winter), lighting, other appliances and water heating. A battery could store the energy generated by solar PV during the middle of the day, and use it during the mornings and evenings.
Sounds pretty good so far!
But the benefit (or lack of) from installing solar PV comes from understanding the electricity that is offset or replaced. In NZ, we generate about 80-85% of our electricity each year from renewable sources. Depending on weather patterns, this is usually made up of; hydro (60-65%), geothermal (18%), natural gas (11-14%), wind (5-6%) and coal (1-3%). This means that overall, our electricity has a very low carbon emissions intensity. In 2016 (the latest year for which data is available), our average carbon emissions intensity was 98 grams of CO2 emissions per kWh of electricity. This is 8 times lower than Australia, which averages roughly 800 grams of CO2 emissions per kWh of electricity.
And in NZ, it’s predicted to get even better. Modelling by the Independent Climate Change Commission (ICCC) suggests we will be at around 93% renewable electricity by 2035, even without further government intervention. It’s also worth noting that solar panels generate most of their electricity over the summer months, which is (inconveniently) when NZ has a surplus of renewable energy due to our hydro resources.
But there’s still a benefit right?
There is a small benefit with the ongoing emissions, as solar has zero ongoing emissions while NZ grid electricity has some (small) amount from geothermal power stations and from burning the small amount of natural gas and coal we need for electricity. But the complicating factor is that solar PV panels are quite emissions intensive to manufacture. They require ‘carbothermic’ reduction of the mined silicon dioxide ore by reacting it with coal at about 2,000 °C. The coal is burnt to draw the oxygen out of the silicon, releasing carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
Other materials used to make the panels are aluminium and glass – which also have a significant carbon footprint from the manufacturing process. The net effect is that although solar PV panels don’t release any carbon dioxide from generating electricity over their useful lifetime, they require a significant upfront release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere to create the panels themselves. It is estimated that each 1 kW of panel capacity has embodied emissions of about 2,500 kg of CO2, although some estimates vary above and below this value.
This isn’t so bad if the panel is used to offset electricity from coal or natural gas, as it would in Australia, where a solar PV panel would ‘pay off’ its carbon debt within 2-3 years. But in NZ, with our low-carbon electricity, it could take about 20 years to pay off the carbon debt from the manufacture of the panels. That’s close to the panel lifetime of about 25 years. And adding a battery roughly doubles the up-front carbon emissions required. When considering that NZ electricity is likely to get even cleaner over the next decade or so due to (already consented) wind and geothermal generation replacing natural gas baseload power stations, the situation doesn’t look good for solar PV here. It is possible that solar PV panels, installed in NZ, will never offset enough carbon dioxide over their lifetime to make up for the carbon dioxide emitted during their manufacture. They could be a net emitter.
In reality, it is a little more complex and murky than this. Solar PV systems, using a battery to deliver power in the evenings, should reduce the grid peak demand in the evenings. It could be argued that to properly account for the effect of generating solar power during the day and delivering it in the evenings, the evening ‘marginal generator’ should be considered. This is the specific power station which makes up the last little bit of power needed each evening. For example, this is the power station which has to reduce it’s output if you turn off your lights (or use solar PV). In NZ, this is broadly likely to be a natural gas turbine power station, also known as a ‘gas peaker plant’.
Comparing solar PV and a battery against the emissions intensity of a gas peaker plant would make solar PV look much more favourable, even paying off the carbon debt from manufacture of the panels and battery in as little as 5 years. However, this analysis relies on the assumption that power from solar PV will offset power from a gas peaker plant, and there is no way to actually know if this is the case. It is worth noting that most of the ‘peaking’ generation in NZ is currently carried out by hydro power stations, not gas peaker plants. And because solar PV generates less electricity over winter, NZ would be left with a gap over winter months which could be filled with natural gas power stations, removing any net benefit to grid emissions.
This $1.3 Billion would be better spent elsewhere. It could more effectively help families in our state housing system by reducing their power bills and expenses through more effective insulation, low-energy lighting, efficient space heating and efficient water heating like solar hot water or heat pump water heaters. Alternatively, it could help replace old, cold and damp state housing with new, warm and efficient housing.
It could more effectively reduce emissions if it targeted applications outside the electricity sector, for example; to help replace private car trips with public transit, to help replace private cars with battery-electric vehicles, or to help replace natural gas space heating systems with modern alternatives like heat pumps. The focus on solar PV ignores the urgent need to reduce our energy use overall, and could even increase overall grid emissions.
The other regulatory and funding improvements suggested in the Clean Energy Plan policy document include:
• Make it 50% cheaper for everyone to install solar PV and batteries – For the same reasons outlined above, this is not recommended. Rapid, mass adoption of solar PV is not a good idea in NZ and could actually increase NZ grid emissions. In other countries, like Australia, this would be a very different story.
• Accelerate 100% renewable electricity target from 2035 to 2030 – while this sounds like an easy thing to support, it is largely a distraction. This would mean very significant investment in making our already clean electricity sector slightly cleaner. With respect to emissions, this would be a very large investment for a small benefit.
• A clean energy industry training plan to train new workers – this is a promising step to address a predicted skills shortage for the energy transition, but unfortunately vague on any details. We would hope for a focus on local community-scale projects, especially with respect to retrofitting old buildings for improved efficiency, however from the tone of the Clean Energy Plan they could mean training people to install solar PV panels.
• A swift ban on new fossil-fuelled industrial heating equipment – this is ambitious and will face strong opposition, but could avoid the purchase of new fossil-fuelled equipment which could operate for 20-30 years or more. When coupled with the below support, this may avoid new gas-fired equipment being installed in the future.
• Tripling of government support to help businesses who can switch from fossil fuels to cleaner options like electricity and biomass – this is a great initiative and will be needed to support the previously mentioned ban. It will make a large difference in reducing the emissions from some businesses in NZ, with already proven technologies like biomass, direct electric heating and heat pumps. However, businesses are also concerned about ongoing energy costs and are reluctant to switch away from low-cost fossil fuels. An up-front subsidy won’t necessarily address this.
• Stop issuing permits for onshore gas extraction – this is a move in the right direction but seems premature by 5-10 years, as natural gas is currently a necessary part of our electricity mix and still widely relied on in NZ industry to heat boilers, ovens and furnaces. Perhaps a better option would be a staged reduction in permits, as part of a 10-15 year planned phase-down of natural gas use. This would allow those businesses and homes in NZ which are currently using gas to plan for alternatives, with time to make an orderly transition.
• Updating planning rules to make new wind farms easier to build – this is promising, as wind generation has very low embodied emissions – much lower than solar PV. However, we have significant wind generation already consented in NZ, and so making the consenting process easier won’t necessarily mean any new wind farms actually get built. What could be needed instead is changes to the regulatory structure of the electricity market, or to the responsibilities of the Electricity Authority, to make power generators actually build these (already consented) wind farms. It would be great to see the Green Party advocating for the public good in these areas.
• Funding five LED light bulbs for every household in NZ – this is a relatively low-cost policy (estimated total cost of $21 Million), but very effective and will have good benefits with reducing electricity peak demand, electricity costs to families, and emissions. It will help all families reduce their electricity bills, but especially low-income families who might not already have efficient lighting installed. This programme should be bigger and more ambitious, which could deliver benefits to all NZ households, low-income families especially, electricity cost savings to NZ as a whole, and emissions reductions from a reduced winter peak load. Win-win-win-win.
• Modernising poles and wires – this recognises that the current electricity distribution companies are not fully equipped to deal with the predicted rapid uptake of electric vehicles, electrification of industry and distributed generation (like solar), which changes the dynamics of their systems. However, nothing is actually suggested here except for supporting discussions with Lines companies, which are already happening in the industry. A complementary alternative instead could be specific support to develop vehicle-to-grid pricing plans in NZ, to allow existing batteries, that are already installed in electric vehicles, to contribute electricity to the grid during evening peak periods.
• Improved coordination of government agencies – this recognises that various government agencies have somewhat overlapping responsibilities. However, this is already a focus of the new ICCC.
The Dig and the Better Futures Forum are running this Transitional Energy Series in order to address what we see as the major questions New Zealand faces surrounding energy if we are to make this transition. | <urn:uuid:b7c0ac4c-84b8-43e8-903f-5e4ccb0bddad> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://thedig.nz/transitional-ecology/summary-the-clean-energy-policy/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.953397 | 2,389 | 2.953125 | 3 |
Alex Kraus | Bloomberg creative photos | Getty Images
A building application has been submitted for a large new gigafactory in central England, with project officials claiming it could create 6,000 jobs and tens of thousands more across the supply chain.
The proposals for the factory were made by the Coventry City Council and Coventry Airport, which act as joint venture partners.
So-called gigafactories are systems that manufacture batteries for electric vehicles on a large scale. Elon Musk, CEO of Tesla, is considered to be the inventor of the term.
If built, the Coventry facility would be located at Coventry Airport and focus on both the production and recycling of batteries for electric vehicles. Covering an area of up to 5.7 million square feet, it will run on 100% green electricity. Proposals for the project were first announced in February.
Coventry is in the West Midlands, a part of England known for its longstanding association with vehicle manufacturing.
“It is critical that the West Midlands secure a gigafactory, both for the future of our region’s automotive industry and for the tremendous economic and professional benefits it would bring, as well as the future of our planet,” said Andy Street. Mayor of the West Midlands said Thursday.
Street continued to describe the region as the home of “the country’s largest automobile manufacturer, Europe’s largest research center of its kind, the UK’s only battery industrialization center and a world-leading supply chain.” He added that a gigafactory was “the natural next step for the automotive heartland of the UK”.
The Warwick District Council and Coventry City Council will decide on the building application for the Gigafactory in Coventry later in the year.
Read more about electric vehicles from CNBC Pro
Low-carbon and zero-carbon transport is seen as a critical tool for large economies trying to reduce their ecological footprint and reduce air pollution.
For example, the UK government plans to stop selling new diesel and gasoline cars and vans by 2030, and to have zero exhaust emissions for all new cars and vans from 2035.
Elsewhere, the European Commission, the executive branch of the EU, aims to reduce CO2 emissions from cars and vans by 100% by 2035.
In order to achieve these goals, sufficient charging infrastructure and capacities for battery production will be required in the coming years.
On the battery front, major deals are being made to increase production capacities in Europe. According to a current briefing by the Transport & Environment campaign group, 38 gigafactories for battery cells are under construction or planned in the EU and Great Britain from May 2021.
Tesla, for example, is building a number of gigafactories, including one in Germany, while other major automotive companies are also starting to play their part in the industry.
In June Renault announced that it had signed two major partnerships related to the development and production of batteries for electric vehicles. That same month, Nissan announced plans to build a £ 1 billion ($ 1.38 billion) gigafactory in Sunderland, northeast England.
And back in March, Volkswagen announced that it wanted to set up several gigafactories in Europe by the end of the decade.
In an interview with CNBC’s Annette Weisbach earlier this week, Volkswagen CEO Herbert Diess highlighted the importance of battery production in the coming years and stated that there were challenges.
“Batteries could be, shall we say, a continued drag on the growth of electric vehicles for the next five to ten years,” he said.
“Because the lead times are enormous. We need so much energy and cell production … [There is a] huge supply chain that needs to be built over the next few years and that could lead to restrictions. “
CNBC’s Chloe Taylor contributed to this report | <urn:uuid:b6a479ca-068d-4d70-a094-e4cb073d9b9d> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://theintouchnews.com/plans-for-enormous-new-gigafactory-in-england-take-form/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.963917 | 804 | 2.703125 | 3 |
- Venous insufficiency is a common condition that occurs when your veins struggle to return blood to your heart effectively.
- Varicose veins are swollen, twisted veins often appear on the legs and can cause discomfort, itching, and pain.
- Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a potentially life-threatening condition where blood clots form in your legs, pelvis, or arms.
- Spider veins (telangiectasia) are small dilated vessels typically found on the legs and face and are considered a cosmetic concern.
- Thrombophlebitis is an inflammation of a vein with symptoms like redness, warmth, tenderness, and swelling.
Your veins are essential circulatory system components that return deoxygenated blood to your heart. However, various conditions can affect these crucial vessels, leading to discomfort, pain, and potential health risks. In this guide, you’ll explore five common conditions that can impact your veins, gaining a deeper understanding of each and learning about possible treatments. Whether seeking knowledge for preventive measures or dealing with a specific vein-related issue, this information will empower you to make informed decisions about your vascular health.
1. Venous Insufficiency
Venous insufficiency is a widespread condition that occurs when your veins struggle to carry blood from your limbs back to your heart effectively. It often affects the lower extremities, causing symptoms like swelling, pain, and skin changes. Chronic venous insufficiency can lead to more severe complications such as venous ulcers. The primary cause of this condition is damaged or weakened vein valves, which prevent blood from flowing upward against gravity.
Venous insufficiency treatment varies depending on the severity of the condition. For mild cases, lifestyle changes like regular exercise, elevating your legs, and wearing compression stockings can help improve blood flow and alleviate symptoms. In more advanced cases, medical procedures such as endovenous laser treatment (EVLT), radiofrequency closure, or vein surgery may be necessary to repair or remove damaged veins and restore proper blood circulation. If you suspect venous insufficiency, consult a vascular specialist for a thorough evaluation and personalized treatment plan.
2. Varicose Veins
Varicose veins are a common cosmetic and medical concern, characterized by swollen, twisted veins often appearing on the legs. They occur when the valves in your veins become weak or damaged, allowing blood to pool in the veins and causing them to enlarge. Besides their unsightly appearance, varicose veins can cause discomfort, itching, and pain.
Here are some tips to avoid varicose veins:
Lifestyle Modifications for Varicose Veins Prevention
Regular physical activity can play a significant role in preventing varicose veins. Exercise promotes better blood circulation in the legs, strengthens your veins, and assists in maintaining a healthy weight. Walking, running, and cycling are excellent activities to incorporate into your daily routine.
Healthy Diet for Healthy Veins
A balanced diet of high-fiber and low-salt foods can help prevent varicose veins. High-fiber foods can prevent constipation, contributing to varicose veins, while low-salt foods can prevent water retention, exacerbating the condition. For an optimal vein-friendly diet, include whole grains, fresh fruits, and vegetables.
The Role of Compression Stockings in Varicose Veins Management
Compression stockings are often the first line of defense against varicose veins. They improve circulation by exerting pressure on your legs and veins, helping the blood to flow more efficiently. These stockings come in various strengths and lengths and can be purchased over the counter or prescribed by a healthcare provider.
The Impact of Varicose Veins on Quality of Life
While varicose veins are often considered a cosmetic issue, they can greatly affect one’s quality of life. Symptoms can range from mild discomfort to severe pain, impacting daily activities. It’s essential to consult with a healthcare provider for early detection and treatment to prevent potential complications and enhance overall well-being.
3. Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)
Deep vein thrombosis is a serious condition that poses a risk to your life. It occurs when blood clots develop in the deep veins of your legs, pelvis, or arms. These clots can block blood flow, leading to pain, swelling, and, in severe cases, pulmonary embolism (a clot breaking free and traveling to the lungs), which can be fatal.
The standard treatment for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) generally consists of administering anticoagulant medications, also known as blood thinners. These medications play a crucial role in preventing the clot from further enlargement and effectively reducing the risk of pulmonary embolism. In some cases, clot-busting medications or catheter-directed thrombolysis may dissolve the clot more rapidly. Additionally, the use of compression stockings helps reduce swelling and discomfort during the healing process. If you suspect you have DVT, seek immediate medical attention, as prompt treatment is crucial to prevent complications.
4. Spider Veins
Spider veins, medically referred to as telangiectasia, are tiny blood vessels that become dilated and are visible near the surface of the skin, forming a pattern reminiscent of a delicate web. They are typically found on the legs and face and are often considered a cosmetic concern rather than a medical issue. While they are not usually painful, some people may experience mild discomfort or itching.
Treatment for spider veins is primarily cosmetic and not medically necessary. Sclerotherapy is a widely used procedure to eliminate spider veins. Laser therapy is another option, targeting and diminishing spider veins with focused light energy. While these treatments can effectively remove spider veins, new ones may develop over time, so regular follow-up with a dermatologist or vascular specialist may be necessary.
Thrombophlebitis is an inflammation of a vein, often accompanied by the formation of blood clots. This condition can occur in both superficial veins (superficial thrombophlebitis) and deep veins (deep vein thrombophlebitis). Symptoms include redness, warmth, tenderness, and swelling along the affected vein; in some cases, you may feel a firm, cord-like structure under your skin.
Treatment for thrombophlebitis typically involves anti-inflammatory medications and blood thinners to reduce pain and prevent clot formation. In mild cases, warm compresses and elevation of the affected limb can also help relieve symptoms. If a blood clot is present, more aggressive treatment may be necessary, such as anticoagulation therapy or, in rare instances, surgical removal of the clot. Always consult a healthcare professional if you suspect you have thrombophlebitis, as it can lead to more serious conditions if left untreated.
Your veins play a crucial role in maintaining proper blood circulation. Understanding the common conditions that can affect your veins is essential for maintaining good vascular health. Whether you’re dealing with venous insufficiency, varicose veins, deep vein thrombosis, spider veins, or thrombophlebitis, seeking timely medical evaluation and treatment is key to managing these conditions effectively. Remember that a healthy lifestyle, including regular exercise and proper leg elevation, can often complement medical treatments, ensuring your veins continue to support your overall well-being. Prioritize your vascular health, and consult with healthcare professionals to address any concerns or symptoms related to your veins. | <urn:uuid:fdc96412-e008-403a-b180-f0789b649b33> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://thepresenceportal.com/conditions-that-affect-your-veins/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.928466 | 1,560 | 2.734375 | 3 |
“A million years after the birth of our sun, the violent explosion of a nearby supernova nearly ended life on Earth before it began. Over the next four and a half billion years, forces of nature shaped our planet and the life it harboured. Barely surviving the traumatic birth of the Moon, buffeted by supernovae, and bombarded by asteroids, the resilient Earth endured. And despite planet-freezing ice ages, devastating mass extinctions, and ever changing climate, life not only survived, it thrived…” (The Resilient Earth, Hoffman & Simmons, 2007)
When we consider that our Earth survived its early years in a stormy young solar system, that life emerged at all and that millions of years of evolution created the abundance and diversity of species on our earth, including ourselves… It’s apparent that life, in it’s aggregate, broadest sense, has an almost heroic hue. Our own species are relative newcomers to this story, yet perhaps the first with the ability to see the narrative that has been playing out.
If we imagine the species of our Earth as ancient nomadic people, in our own image, who have inhabited this place for millions of years, we are then the rogue-nation, that has emerged with the technology to kill, consume and build. We are the ‘black swan’ event which, in an unimaginably short time, has set- in motion- a potentially existential threat to the well-being of practically every single living creature on this planet.
Yet, we don’t need to anthropomorphise to trigger these emotions. Studies estimate that climate change directly contributes to the death of over 400,000 people a year, and costs the world economy over $1.2 trillion per-annum. If we factor in man-made environmental pollution alongside climate-change, over 4.5 million people each year die as a direct result of man’s impact on this planet.
“The people of the world are gambling for colossal stakes.” Wrote Lord Nicholas Stern, “Two centuries of scientific enquiry, founded in basic physics and powerful evidence, indicate that the risks from a changing climate over the next hundred years and beyond are immense. There is a strong possibility that the relationship between humans and their environment would be so fundamentally changed that hundreds of millions of people, perhaps billions, would have to move. History tells us that this carries serious risks of severe and extended conflict. We are the first generation that through its neglect could destroy the relationship between humans and the planet, and perhaps the last generation that can prevent dangerous climate change.” (Why Are We Waiting? Nicholas Stern, 2015).
In this exclusive interview series, we speak to H.E. Mohamed Nasheed (Former President of the Maldives), H.E Anote Tong (Former President of the Republic of Kiribati), Achim Steiner (Director of the Oxford Martin School and former Executive Director, United Nations Environment Programme UNEP), Professor Brian Schmidt (Nobel Prize Winning Physicist), Professor John Knox (United Nations Special Rapporteur on human rights and the environment), Professor Robert Bullard (Dean of the Barbara Jordan – Mickey Leland School of Public Affairs, Texas Southern University), Professor Sir Martin Rees (Professor of Cosmology and Astrophysics at the University of Cambridge – Astronomer Royal to the UK), Yann Arthus-Bertrand (photographer, reporter, journalist and environmentalist), Laurie David (Author, Producer & Environmental Advocate) and Zac Goldsmith (Politician, Journalist & Environmental Campaigner). We discuss the fundamental workings of our climate and environment, the potential impact of climate change and environmental pollution, and how we can change outcomes for the future.
[bios]HE Mohamed Nasheed, Former President of the Maldives
Often dubbed the ‘Mandela of the Maldives’ Mohamed Nasheed was the Maldives’ first democratically elected president. He remains a figurehead for the promotion of human rights and democracy in Islamic countries, and an international icon for action against climate change.
A former human rights activist, Nasheed led a campaign of non-violent, civil disobedience that pressured the dictatorial Maumoon Gayoom, then Asia’s longest-serving ruler, to relax authoritarian controls and allow political pluralism. In historic democratic polls in 2008, Nasheed was elected president, sweeping away 30 years of one-man rule.
Arrested, imprisoned and tortured in the Maldives on numerous occasions for his political beliefs, Nasheed was named an Amnesty International “Prisoner of Conscience,” and is widely credited for playing an instrumental part in bringing freedom and democracy to the Maldives.
During his time in office and thereafter, Nasheed has played a prominent global role advocating for action to curb greenhouse gas emissions that threaten his nation. In 2009, to highlight the Maldives’ vulnerability to rising sea levels, Nasheed famously held a meeting of his cabinet underwater. Nasheed also implemented policies to turn the Maldives into the world’s first carbon neutral country by 2020.
On 7 February 2012, democratic progress in the Maldives suffered a major setback when Nasheed was forced to resign the presidency under the threat of violence, in a coup d’etat perpetrated by security forces loyal to former president Gayoom.
Nasheed narrowly missed out on re-election for president in late 2013, losing the presidential run-off by less than 3%. The election was marred by repeated interventions, delays and vote cancellations by the Supreme Court, which was accused of conspiring with Nasheed’s political rivals to prevent his return to office.
President Nasheed was elected the President of the Maldivian Democracy Party in August 2014.
President Nasheed won the 2009 Anna Lindh Prize, in recognition of his work promoting human rights, democracy and environmental protection. In September 2009, Time Magazine declared President Nasheed a ‘Hero of the Environment’. In April 2010, the United Nations presented Nasheed with its ‘Champions of the Earth’ environment award. In August 2010, Newsweek named President Nasheed in its list of ‘World’s Ten Best Leaders’. In 2012, The Island President, a documentary feature film about Nasheed, was released in theatres worldwide. In June 2012, Nasheed was presented with the James Lawson Award for the practice of non-violent action.
His Excellency Anote Tong was the fourth President of the Republic of Kiribati. He was first elected as President on 10 July 2003 and subsequently won two more elections in 2007 and in 2012. He served in total from 2003 to 2016.
Anote Tong was born in 1952 on Fanning Island (also known as Tabuaeran) in the Line Islands and is a member of the Kiribati House of Parliament from the constituency of Maiana Island in the central Kiribati group. Educated in New Zealand and in England at the University of Canterbury and the London School of Economics respectively, President Tong holds a Bachelor of Science and a Master of Economics under his belt.
Since the beginning of his presidency, President Anote Tong has become a strong climate change advocate and has built worldwide awareness of the potentially devastating impacts of climate change.
He has stated on many occasions that Kiribati may cease to exist altogether and that its entire population may need to be resettled not as climate change refugees but as citizens who migrate on merit and with dignity. With one of the lowest carbon-emission footprints in the world, Tong has often described Kiribati as a “frontline country” that has been among the first to experience dramatic climate change impacts.
As an extraordinary measure to set an example for the rest of the world, President Tong created the Phoenix Islands Protected Area (PIPA), one of the largest marine protected areas in the world with a size of 408,250 km2 which was inscribed as a United Nations World Heritage site in 2008. Notwithstanding this historic milestone, Tong had bigger plans on his mind and in 2009 he created the Pacific Oceanscape concept designed to protect, large ocean areas, inclusive of island, coastal, open ocean, and deep sea habitats.
President Tong has won a number of awards and recognition that acknowledges his contribution and leadership on climate change and ocean conservation. In 2008, President Anote Tong was presented with the David B. Stone Award from the New England Aquarium in recognition of his commitment to conservation and his leadership in establishing the Phoenix Islands Protected Area. In 2009, President Tong received two medals from the Republic of China (Taiwan), one from the President of Taiwan called the Order of Brilliant Jade with Grand Cordon (Taiwan’s Highest Order of Decoration for non-military officials) and another from the Speaker of the Legislative Yuan called the Medal of Honour in recognition of his contribution to promoting exchanges between lawmakers of the two countries. In 2012, President Tong was awarded with the Peter Benchley Ocean Award from the Blue Frontier Campaign for Excellence in National Stewardship of the Ocean and later that year was also awarded with an Honorary Doctorate Degree (Ph.D) in Engineering from the Pukyong Natonal University (South Korea) in recognition of his contributions to maritime affairs and nature conservation. In February of 2013, Tong was presented with the 2012 Hilary Laureate Award for Leadership in “Climate Equity” from the Hilary Institute of International Leadership.
The United Nations General Assembly in 2006 unanimously elected Mr. Achim Steiner as Executive Director of the United Nations Environment Programme for a four-year term, and subsequently for a further four years in 2010. Following the decision of the 68th General Assembly of United Nations, Mr. Steiner’s mandate has been extended for two years up to June 2016.
From March 2009 to May 2011, he was also Director-General of the United Nations Office at Nairobi (UNON). Before joining UNEP, Mr. Steiner served as Director General of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) from 2001 to 2006, and prior to that as Secretary General of the World Commission on Dams. His professional career has included assignments with governmental, non-governmental and international organizations in different parts of the world including India, Pakistan, Germany, Zimbabwe, USA, Vietnam, South Africa, Switzerland and Kenya. He worked both at grassroots level as well as at the highest levels of international policy-making to address the interface between environmental sustainability, social equity and economic development. Mr. Steiner serves on a number of advisory councils and boards including as the International Vice Chair of the China Council for International Cooperation on Environment and Development (CCICED). His work has been recognized for a number of awards such as the Tallberg Foundation’s Award for Principled Pragmatism and the Steiger Award for “commitment and important work in the protection of the planet”. In 2009 His Serene Highness, Prince Albert of Monaco conferred upon Mr. Steiner the decoration of Officer of the Order of Saint Charles.
Mr. Steiner, a German and Brazilian national, was born in Brazil in 1961. His educational background includes a BA from the University of Oxford as well as an MA from the University of London with specialization in development economics and policy. He also studied at the German Development Institute in Berlin as well as the Harvard Business School.
Brian Schmidt is a Laureate Fellow and Distinguished Professor at The Australian National University’s Mount Stromlo Observatory. Brian was raised in Montana and Alaska, USA, and received undergraduate degrees in Physics and Astronomy from the University of Arizona in 1989. Under the supervision of Robert Kirshner, he completed his Astronomy Master’s degree (1992) and PhD (1993) from Harvard University. In 1994 he and Nick Suntzeff formed the HighZ SN Search team, a group of 20 astronomers on 5 continents who used distant exploding stars to trace the expansion of the Universe back in time. This group’s discovery of an accelerating Universe was named Science Magazine’s Breakthrough of the Year for 1998. Brian Schmidt joined the staff of the Australian National University in 1995, and was awarded the Australian Government’s inaugural Malcolm McIntosh award for achievement in the Physical Sciences in 2000, The Australian Academy of Sciences Pawsey Medal in 2001, the Astronomical Society of India‘s Vainu Bappu Medal in 2002, and an Australian Research Council Federation Fellowship in 2005. In 2006 Schmidt was jointly awarded the Shaw Prize for Astronomy, and shared the 2007 Gruber Prize for Cosmology and 2014 Breakthrough Prize in Physics with his High-Z SN Search Team colleagues. For his work on the accelerating universe Brian Schmidt was awarded the 2011 Nobel Prize in Physics, jointly with Adam Riess and Saul Perlmutter. He is a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Science, The United States Academy of Science, Royal Society, and Foreign Member of the Spanish Royal Academy of Sciences. In 2013, he was made a Companion of the Order of Australia. Brian is continuing his work using exploding stars to study the Universe, and is leading Mt Stromlo’s effort to build the SkyMapper telescope, a new facility that will provide a comprehensive digital map of the southern sky from ultraviolet through near infrared wavelengths. Schmidt also runs Maipenrai Vineyard and Winery, a 2.7 acre vineyard and small winery in the Canberra District which produces Pinot Noir.
John Knox is an internationally recognized expert on human rights law and international environmental law. In July 2012, the United Nations Human Rights Council appointed him to a three-year mandate as its first Independent Expert on the issue of human rights obligations relating to the enjoyment of a safe, clean, healthy and sustainable environment, and in March 2015, his mandate was extended for three years and his title changed to Special Rapporteur.
In addition to his work on human rights and environmental protection, his recent scholarship addresses the human rights obligations of corporations, citizen suits in international environmental law, and the extraterritorial application of U.S. law, among other topics. In 2003, he was awarded the Francis Deák Prize, established by the American Society of International Law to honor a younger author who has made a “meritorious contribution to international legal scholarship.” For four years, until 2005, he chaired a national advisory committee to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency on the North American Commission for Environmental Cooperation, the first regional environmental organization in North America. From 2008 to 2012, he provided pro bono assistance to the Government of the Maldives and the Center for International Environmental Law in their efforts to bring human rights law to bear on climate change and other environmental problems.
After graduating with honors from Stanford Law School in 1987, Professor Knox served as an attorney-adviser at the U.S. Department of State from 1988 to 1994, where he helped to negotiate the Declaration on Human Rights Defenders, the Declaration on the Elimination of Violence Against Women, the first protocol to the Convention Against Torture, and the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation. He spent four years in private practice in Austin, Texas, and taught at Penn State for eight years before joining Wake Forest in 2006.
Robert D. Bullard is often described as the father of environmental justice. Professor Bullard received his Ph.D. degree from Iowa State University. He is the author of eighteen books that address sustainable development, environmental racism, urban land use, industrial facility siting, community reinvestment, housing, transportation, climate justice, emergency response, smart growth, and regional equity. He has testified as an expert witness and served as a technical advisor on hundreds of civil rights lawsuits and public hearings over the past three decades. In 1990, he was the first environmental justice scholar to receive the National Wildlife Federation (NWF) Conservation Achievement Award in Science for “Dumping in Dixie: Race, Class and Environmental Quality.”
Professor Bullard was featured in the July 2007 CNN People You Should Know, Bullard: Green Issue is Black and White. In 2008, Newsweek named him one of 13 Environmental Leaders of the Century. And that same year, Co-op America honored him with its Building Economic Alternatives Award (BEA). In 2010, The Grio named him one of the “100 Black History Makers in the Making” and Planet Harmony named him one of Ten African American Green Heroes.” In 2012, he was featured in Welcomebooks Everyday Heroes: 50 Americans Changing the World One Nonprofit at a Time by Katrina Fried. In 2013, he was honored with the Sierra Club John Muir Award, the first African American to win the award. In 2014, the Sierra Club named its new Environmental Justice Award after Dr. Bullard. And in 2015, the Iowa State University Alumni Association named him its Alumni Merit Award recipient—an award also given to George Washington Carver (1894 ISU alum) in 1937; and the same year he was honored with the American Bar Association 2015 Award for Excellence in Environmental, Energy, and Resources Stewardship.
His book, Dumping in Dixie: Race, Class and Environmental Quality (Westview Press, 2000), is a standard text in the environmental justice field. His most recent books include Just Sustainabilities: Development in an Unequal World (MIT Press, 2003), Highway Robbery: Transportation Racism and New Routes to Equity (South End Press, 2004), The Quest for Environmental Justice: Human Rights and the Politics of Pollution (Sierra Club Books, 2005), Growing Smarter: Achieving Livable Communities, Environmental Justice, and Regional Equity (MIT Press, 2007), and The Black Metropolis in the Twenty-First Century: Race, Power, and the Politics of Place (Rowman & Littlefield, 2007). His latest books include Race, Place and Environmental Justice After Hurricane Katrina: Struggles to Reclaim, Rebuild, and Revitalize New Orleans and the Gulf Coast (Westview Press, 2009), Environmental Health and Racial Equality in the United States: Strategies for Building Just, Sustainable and Livable Communities (American Public Health Association Press, 2011), and The Wrong Complexion for Protection: How the Government Response to Disaster Endangers African American Communities (New York University Press, 2012).
Martin Rees is a cosmologist and space scientist. He is based in Cambridge, where he has been Director of the Institute of Astronomy, a Research Professor, and (until recently) Master of Trinity College. He was President of the Royal Society during 2005-2010. In 2005 he was appointed to the UK’s House of Lords. He has received many international awards for his research, and belongs to numerous foreign academies including the US National Academy of Sciences, the Russian Academy and the Pontifical Academy. He is currently on the Board of the Princeton Institute for Advanced Study and has served on many bodies connected with education, space research, arms control and international collaboration in science. He will chair the advisory group for the 100m dollar ‘Breakthrough Listen’ project to search for extraterrestrial intelligence. He lectures, writes and broadcasts widely for general audiences.
His books include ‘Before the Beginning’, ‘Our Final Century?’ ‘Just Six Numbers’, ‘Our Cosmic Habitat’, ‘Gravity’s Fatal Attraction’, and (most recently) ‘From Here to Infinity: Scientific Horizons’, an expanded version of his BBC Reith Lectures. A further book, ‘What we still don’t know’ is forthcoming.
Ever since his book ‘Our Final Century?’ was published, he has been concerned with the threats stemming from humanity’s ever-heavier ‘footprint’ on the global environment, and with the runaway consequences of powerful novel technologies. These concerns led him to join with colleagues in setting up a Centre for the Study of Existential Risks (CSER). This is based in Cambridge but has a strong international advisory board.
Yann Arthus-Bertrand, born in 1946, has always had a passion for the animal world and the natural environment. At the age of 20, he settled in central France and became the director of a nature reserve. When he was 30, he travelled to Kenya with his wife with whom he carried out a three-year study on the behaviour of a family of lions in the Massaï Mara reserve. He quickly started using a camera as a visual aid to capture his observations and enhance the written reports they compiled. While in Africa, he earned his living as a hot-air balloon pilot. This was when he really discovered the earth from above and the advantages of viewing what he was studying from afar to gain an overall picture of an area and its resources. He discovered his calling: to demonstrate the Earth’s beauty and show the impact of mankind on the Planet. His first book, Lions, was born of this adventure – he likes to call these lions his “first photography teachers.”
Little by little, Yann became a reporter focusing on environmental issues, and collaborating with Géo, National Geographic, Life, Paris Match, Figaro Magazine etc. He then started a personal work on the relationship mankind/ animal, which led to the books Good breeding and Horses. In 1991, he founded the first aerial photography agency in the world.
For the First Rio Conference in 1992, Yann decided to prepare a big work for the year 2000 on the state of the planet: it is The Earth From the Air. This book encountered a great success and over 3 million copies were sold. The outdoor exhibitions have been seen so far by about 200 Million people.
Yann then created the Goodplanet Foundation that aims to raise public awareness of environmental issues, implement carbon offset programmes and fight deforestation with local NGOs. Within the Foundation, he developed the 6 billion Others project, that has just changed names and become 7 billion Others. More than 6000 interviews were filmed in 84 countries. From a Brazilian fisherman to a Chinese shopkeeper, from a German performer to an Afghan farmer, all answered the same questions about their fears, dreams, ordeals, hopes: “What have you learned from your parents? What do you want to pass on to your children? What difficult circumstances have you been through? What does love mean to you?” Forty or so questions that help us to find out what separates and what unites us.
Due to this involvement, Yann Arthus-Bertrand is today considered more an environmentalist and activist than a photographer. It is because of this commitment that Yann Arthus-Bertrand was designated Goodwill Ambassador for the United Nations Environment Programme on Earth Day (April 22nd, 2009).
In 2006, Yann started the series Vu Du Ciel, a television documentary series of several one-and-a-half hour episodes, each dealing with a particular environmental problem. It was shown on French public television and is currently being distributed for broadcast in 49 countries. Encouraged by his television experiment, Yann Arthus-Bertrand undertook the production of a full-length feature film, HOME, that deals with the state of our planet. The film was released on the 5th of June 2009 on television, on the Internet, on DVD and in cinemas simultaneously worldwide, almost entirely free of charge to the public. More than 600 million people have seen it so far.
In 2011, Yann directed two films for the United Nations : the film Forest, official film of the 2011 International Year of the Forest, and the film Desertification. Both were screened during UN General Assemblies.
Yann founded a non-profit production company, “Hope”. For the World Water Forum in March 2012, Yann, Thierry Piantanida and Baptiste Rouget-Luchaire directed a film narrating the history of water and reminding us that reasoned management of water is a crucial challenge for our century. This documentary was broadcast on French national television on the 20 th of March 2012.
For Rio + 20, Yann directed the film “Planet Ocean” with Michael Pitiot. This film aims to promote understanding of the importance of oceans in the ecosystem. In the same time, the GoodPlanet Foundation initiated a “Ocean Programme”, to raise awareness of the importance of marine ecosystems. At the heart of this programme, the publication of the book “L’Homme et la Mer” by the Editions de la Martinière, available in bookstores from the 18 th of October 2012. In July 2013, Yann Arthus-Bertrand opened his photographic studio in Paris (15 rue de Seine – 75006). This friendly place, open to all, aims to enable everyone to find his way to work, to learn more about what happens behind each of his photos and meet his team (www.atelieryannarthusbertrand.com).
In 2015, his HUMAN film is a preview simultaneously to the Venice Film Festival and at the United Nations General Assembly in the presence of Ban Ki-Moon. Through its multiple stories filled with love, happiness, but also of hatred and violence, HUMAN confronts us with the Other and refers to our own lives. The film demonstrates more than ever the will of Yann awaken collective awareness and responsibility in the context of more awareness. That same year, on the occasion of the Cop21, Yann has another film, TERRA, which recounts the great epic of living.
For over a decade Laurie David has brought her passion and dedication to a variety of important environmental and food issues, from global warming to America’s overconsumption of sugar.
An Inconvenient Truth, produced by Laurie David and featuring Al Gore, woke the world up to the global crisis of too much carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Released in 2006, the film went on to win many awards, including the prestigious Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature.
In 2013 Laurie partnered with award-winning journalist Katie Couric to executive produce Fed Up, a feature-length documentary that examines the causes and impact of the childhood obesity epidemic.
Laurie’s most recent book, The Family Cooks: 100+ Recipes to Get Your Family Craving Food That’s Simple, Tasty, and Incredibly Good for You, is for novice chefs of all ages, and is the follow-up to The Family Dinner: Great Ways to Connect with Your Kids One Meal at a Time, which encouraged families to sit down and enjoy home cooked meals together.
She also co-authored The Down-to-Earth Guide to Global Warming, which has been published in over ten languages.
On her latest project, Laurie is the editor of a collection of writings by an unknown poet who began writing poetry when she turned 90. Poems from the Pond: The Writings of Peggy Freydberg will be released this June.
Laurie has received numerous awards and honors, including the Producers Guild of America’s Stanley Kramer Award, a Humanitas Prize Special Award and a Gracie Allen Award. Laurie has been honored with the Audubon Society’s Rachel Carson Award, the Feminist Majority’s Eleanor Roosevelt Award and the NRDC Forces for Nature award.
Laurie, a regular blogger on The Huffington Post, has been featured on The Oprah Winfrey Show, Good Morning America, The Today Show, CNN, Fox News and MSNBC. She was named a 2006 Glamour Woman of the Year and has been profiled in People, Glamour, Redbook, Ladies Home Journal, Vogue, Rolling Stone, Elle, Wired, House & Garden, The New York Times and Vanity Fair.
Zac Goldsmith ran the Ecologist Magazine for nearly a decade, receiving the Mikhail Gorbachev’s Global Green Award for ‘International Environmental Leadership’. During his tenure, the magazine grew significantly in scope, range and influence.
In 2010 Zac was elected MP for Richmond Park and North Kingston. As an MP Zac led campaigns to make protection of our natural environment a priority. In 2015 he was re-elected for his London seat with the biggest increased majority of any sitting MP in the country. Shortly afterwards, his constituents backed his run for Mayor of London via a ballot he facilitated. His run for Mayor was unsuccessful.
In late 2016 Zac resigned as an MP when the Conservative Government broke its promise not to proceed with a third runway at Heathrow. This was a promise he had made when he was first elected. Zac stood as an Independent in the subsequent by-election but was not re-elected.
Outside of his work as an MP, Zac raises funds for a wide range of conservation and environmental campaigns. [/bios]
Q: How did you get passionate about climate advocacy?
[H.E. Mohamed Nasheed] Anyone who lives on an island, lives with the elements. You have the ocean on your doorstep and nature is all around you. We grew up going to the sea every day; much like others may go to their garden, or walk around their city.
For the people of the Maldives, we grow up with nature, we live with nature.
I used to be a journalist, and most of my writing was around the environment; and when I started in Government, I realised climate change would be one of our most challenging issues.
[Laurie David] I’ve always been quite sensitive to issues of injustice, even as a little girl I was on high alert. I remember having a big fight with my mother because she used to smoke cigarettes in the car, and then dump the ash from the ashtray out in the streets, it horrified me. As a young girl, I became an advocate against littering!
When I became a mom, I was spending a lot of time walking my neighborhood in Los Angeles trying to get them to sleep and I started to notice that everyone drove SUV’s, even my progressive friends!
I’d started to read about climate change at the time, and in my mind the dots connected between gas guzzling cars and what they were contributing to the atmosphere–which meant I was forced to address what I was seeing, and spread the word. That was really my trigger to start my journey in climate advocacy. After all, we only have one planet.
The situation is getting frightening. In An Inconvenient Sequel, Al Gore goes to Miami, Florida where they are now experiencing flooding on sunny days. Just think about that, because of sea-levels rising, water is coming up through drains even when it hasn’t been raining. Here in California where I live, we’ve had a terrible drought which is impacting farmers. There are so many examples of how global warming is effecting us, that every single person is starting to feel it.
[Zac Goldsmith] I don’t ever remember not being passionate about the natural world.
As a very small child, it angered me to even see pet birds in cages. I was privileged to live near Richmond Park and was able to get to know the place pretty well, and it’s about as natural an environment as a city can provide. I was obsessed by the work of Dr. Jane Goodall and when people used to ask me what I wanted for Christmas and birthdays- it was always her books, her videos… she is inspiring, and part of the reason I have so much reverence for the natural world.
When I was a teenager, I began to learn that the world I was fallen in love with was under siege; it was a real shock, a real eye-opener. There was no doubt since then about the fact that the environment would be my force, my driver and my priority.
Most children do have an innate reverence for the natural world, an excitement about it. I’ve spoken at hundreds of schools, to kids of all ages, and I’m yet to speak to a group of children who are not enamoured by the natural world, perhaps that gets driven out of people at a certain stage in their life.
We need to imbue people at a young age with an even greater sense of reverence for the natural world so when they move into their life, whatever path that may be, that they take this with them.
Q: What does climate change mean for the people of your nation?
[H.E. Mohamed Nasheed] For the Maldives, climate change is not something in the future, it is already happening. While we were in government, we had to relocate 16 islands due to severe coastal erosion. This is increasing, and the impact on our islands is very high compared to previous readings.
We also have aquifer contamination issues as salt-water has seeped into supply. We are now having to desalinate water for freshwater, and this is a hugely expensive process.
The people of the Maldives fish one-by-one, and to do that you must raise the school of fish, something which is hugely dependent on the ocean’s temperature gradient. Our fish schools are not growing as they used to, and this is impacting the livelihood of communities.
We are also seeing severe coral bleaching, and this is very important as coral is the last line of defence we have against waves.
Tourism is a critical part of the Maldives economy, and coral bleaching means we are losing our picturesque beauty.
Climate change is having a number of serious effects on the Maldives, today.
[H.E. Anote Tong] Kiribati is a low lying atoll nation, on average about two metres above sea-level, and our islands are narrow strips of land. Climate change is not something that’s happening in the future, we’re experiencing it now.
Our people are already experiencing flooding, and some communities have already left their villages. A number of other communities are finding that food-crops are dying because sea-water has gone into fresh-water ponds, contaminating their lakes.
At the beginning of 2015, when Cyclone Pam hit Vanuatu, we were also severely impacted. We’ve never had that experience in the past. These are new things that are happening, and whatever is causing it – it’s concerning for the future of our people.
Q: How serious is climate change?
[H.E. Mohamed Nasheed] We have seen millions of Syrians on the move due to conflict, and seen how destabilising that can be for richer nations. Imagine a situation where a quarter of the world’s population is on the move, it would destroy the world’s order. This is a very real worst-case scenario in the event of continuing, worsening, climate change.
It would be a very naïve individual who would not believe these eventualities could happen.
[Achim Steiner] Climate change is very serious.
The scale of change that climate-change implies in terms of the world that we know today, is unprecedented in the history of modern humanity. We are literally looking at a time-window of 50-100 years where we are likely to have moved through a change in terms of global warming surpassing a two- degree threshold. That, in a world of seven billion people, and trillions of dollars of infrastructure simply implies a very serious prospect, and serious risks.
With everything that science tells-us, and that we’re observing now… the time window for actually being able to control these global-warming trends is closing far more rapidly than the world is accustomed to responding to major challenges- environmental or otherwise.
If countries do not act in the next few years, and move towards a zero net-carbon global economy by 2060-2070, you can forget it, there will be nothing we can do to reverse this change. There isn’t a ‘no regret,’ option, only regret if we do not act.
We are seeing droughts, floods, sea-level rise, natural disasters and more that are all aligning themselves to scientific predictions. This is no longer the realm of scientific hypothesis, but scenarios that are starting to play out.
[Professor Brian Schmidt] Climate change is a huge potential threat to humanity, the same scale as nuclear war, but different in the sense that nuclear war could take a second to inflict its damage- yet climate change takes time to inflict the damage, most of which will be done through war and conflict- indirect problems associated with people being dislocated and not having enough.
The impact of climate change comes down to the amount of warming we will have. One of the common misconceptions people have is that 2 degrees isn’t that much. In truth, it’s not much (compared to what could happen), but with business as usual? We could look at 5-7 degrees of temperature change- and that could have profound implications.
Humanity’s ability to cope with huge, broad, external shocks has never been good. The big danger is ourselves trying to deal with the huge changes that will come if the temperature goes up.
[Professor Martin Rees] We don’t precisely know how serious climate change will be. There’s an important factor, called ‘the climate sensitivity factor,’ which is the amount by which the average temperature goes up if the carbon dioxide concentration doubles. We don’t know what that factor is, and if carbon dioxide levels change? That will also impact water vapour levels, cloud-cover and so on. The rate of warming we will experience is still uncertain- perhaps by a factor of 2.
The key-factor which is important for climate policy is that if we carry-on as we are? There is a substantial risk that by the end of the century, the temperature of the world could have risen by 4 or more degrees centigrade, and that will cause large, disruptive, regional variations. The policy question is how-much we do now, to remove that threat from the lives’ of our future generations.
It’s still not completely clear to what extent extreme climate events are more common now versus the past, this is still controversial- but there are reasons to expect that when there is more energy, water-vapour and latent-heat in the atmosphere that these events will become more extreme. Of course, the 2nd law of thermodynamics also states that if you have lots of energy churning around in the atmosphere, it degrades into heat…. Warming.
[Zac Goldsmith] Look at a country like Bangladesh, with its population of almost 160 million living in the low-lying lands at the forefront of impact from climate change. What happens to those 160 million people if their homes become uninhabitable? Where do they go? There is a wall being built between Bangladesh and India… where will those people go? What kind of human upset will it cause when 160 million people lose the homes beneath their feet.
This is just one example of the carnage that climate change is inflicting on our world.
There is nothing that we need to do that isn’t already being done by someone, we don’t need to be imaginative or innovative. Most of the problems we face already have solutions. There are examples in Kenya of forests being replanted, conservation flourishing and populations benefiting. There are examples of marine protected areas that have restored livelihoods to tens of thousands of families whilst also restoring fish stocks and food security.
Nothing that needs to be done isn’t being done, our job is to make sure it happens.
Q: What is the state of public understanding on climate change?
[Laurie David] I’ve seen a tremendous shift in people’s understanding of what’s happening.
We’re at a point where climate change simply cannot be ignored. Its one thing to try an imagine melting ice at the Arctic, is a whole other thing to see it in your own town in the form of droughts or wildfires or epic flooding or bizarre tornadoes even strange new bugs like Zika.
The only people ignoring climate change are the ones who have a vested interest in maintaining the status quo, for their own personal greed.
NOAA just announced 2016 as the hottest year on record and this is the third straight year in a row that we’ve broken temperature records. That was front page news in the New York Times- six years ago, it would barely have made the front third of the paper. We can’t deny the numbers and the reality of climate change any more – and businesses and world leaders are all focused now on solutions.
There has been wonderful progress in all fronts of this battle and if VP Al Gore can be optimistic about the green revolution, than I can too. The Paris Accord was a giant step forward and the result of six decades! of hard work. The world came together and agreed that we all have a moral obligation to address this crises.
I remember ten years ago when I was speaking up on the issue I would warn audiences that climate change was going to seriously impact their grandchildren.
Today I have to say that it is already seriously impacting them. Here and now.
Q: How did you become fascinated with the Earth and turn your art into a movement?
[Yann Arthus-Bertrand] I’m very interested in ecology. I began my journey when I was very young, managing a huge reserve at the age of 21 and working closely with the animals and nature. This was a different time, people didn’t talk about climate change, deforestation, the plight of the rhino, elephant and so on. My idol was Dr. Jane Goodall, she became a mentor and friend and when I was 30- inspired by her work- I went to study Lions in Kenya. What she had achieved studying apes, I wanted to achieve with Lions. I spent three years working on a thesis on Lions with my wife, and to make my living during this period I used to fly hot air balloons- and that’s where I discovered my love of high-altitude photography.
From the air, you see a territory in a different way- you understand so many things from the sky that you couldn’t possibly see from the ground.
Our planet is a piece of art, there is nothing more beautiful than a hawk in a tree, or the oceans from the sky. I am very close to the evident beauty of our Earth. From the air, you also see the impact of man on our planet. You can clearly see the traces humanity leaves.
As I travelled, and began my work with NGOs in the field and other groups I became very close to many of our world’s ‘bottom billion’ – They are brilliant, they may not be able to read or have the education we have, but they are the same as us. They want a better life for themselves, their children. They are curious, loving, deep and wonderful people- just like us.
Everyone has seen the destruction that humans have caused to our planet- everyone has seen broken ice-sheets, cities choking under pollution, but we accept it. We see this evidence and we still buy diesel cars, we still have diesel buses in Paris, we still emit toxic fumes from industry, we accept it. That’s why I’m now focussing on telling the stories of us- humans. We are part of the problem we have created – it isn’t nature on one side and us on the other, we are part of the same continuum.
When you live in Sudan, Ethiopia and elsewhere you see how we live in the rich world. You see our salaries, you see our lives, and yet you live in a country without democracy, without a functioning economy, without education and without jobs. You don’t see a solution for you, and so you plan the best way to leave- that’s how it is for hundreds of millions of our fellow humans on this Earth; we don’t have enough to take care of all of us- and this is a much bigger, and much more immediate problem than climate change.
Q: What have you learned about climate change from photographing the Earth?
[Yann Arthus-Bertrand] We are not going to stop climate change… since the beginning of time, we want to grow. Every civilisation that has existed has been based around this sense of wanting more and more. That’s who we are, that’s what we work for, and we don’t have another way.
When I was born, there were 2 billion people on this planet and now there are 7.4 billion and yet, we think that the way we sustained 2 billion people is appropriate for sustaining 7.4 billion when this simply isn’t true.
As rich nations, we are seen as paradise by so many nations. People want to live like us! How can we explain to those people living in Mali, Ethopia and elsewhere that in fact it isn’t paradise, and the society we have built is killing our planet?
For the future of our planet, we need to live together, with less, and with a sharing mind-set.
Q: Why has the world been so slow to act on climate change?
[H.E. Mohamed Nasheed] Economics has made the world slow to act on climate change. You will be well-aware that the fossil fuel industry is one of our most lucrative, and established companies and governments have invested heavily in these industries. This development pattern has made nations reliant on fossil fuels, and thus it’s hard for people to change.
Denial of issues surrounding climate change comes from wishful thinking. It has nothing to do with science or risk, it’s about money.
Climate change is a democratic and human rights issue but it’s also a sensible economic opportunity. I would argue that a low carbon development strategy is possible, and gives the same economic outcome to other paths. The renewable path is financially viable, economically feasible, and my view is that we should see climate change as an economic issue.
[H.E. Anote Tong] Why aren’t people acting faster on climate change? …This is, perhaps, the question I ask myself the most.
I have been campaigning for over 10 years, and I have seen some change. There are a lot of denial, and many very powerful interests involved- and we can see this in the reaction of a number of countries.
My read of the science is clear, and anybody with common sense should understanding what is happening to our world.
I am speaking to you from the UN Climate Talks in Paris, and what is happening here, what I am hearing, is very different to what I’ve heard before – so maybe there is a chance of some change.
There are some countries that simply refuse to change their attitudes toward climate change, it’s disappointing, and we must not allow this.
We cannot let the actions of a few people sabotage the future of everyone.
[Yann Arthus-Bertrand] Our education, economy and societies are based on factors which don’t allow us to see that we are causing not just climate change but exacerbating the pain and suffering experienced by many billions on this planet.
Every day we have news of another hotter year, and more climate induced natural disasters but- for a moment- think of the Elephant. There were 20 million elephants at the beginning of the century, and now we are down to a few thousand, and we’re losing more- the Elephant may become extinct within our lifetime. Our growth, our wars, our resource utilisation, our needs, our selfish needs mean there is no room for the Elephant on this Earth.
We must accept climate change; we must accept that it will be more difficult to sustain the billions of us who live on this planet. We also must accept that the future is unknown… there are thousands scientists who are publishing in reputable journals, as we speak, talking about how man may have sparked the sixth great extinction.
Voila, we must continue.
Q: How can we fight political pushback against climate change mitigation?
[Laurie David] Donald Trump has been talking about peeling-back much of the progress we’ve made on climate change, but I do not think the citizens of the United States will stand for that. Pretty unanimously people want a liveable future and support strong environmental policies.
I really don’t believe that even the people who voted for Trump, want to see the planet burn up. Trump has very little credibility on environmental issues being a developer who has shown over many years little sensitivity to environmental issues. The guy has never even read a book, and has already shown his lack of regard for science!
Trump does not represent the average American on these issues. On top of which, climate is a gigantic national security issue that is of huge concern to the pentagon.
We’re seeing people activated, engaged and ready to march in the streets for core American values. Young people in this country have an even more vested interested in protecting the planet and they aren’t going to sit by and watch corporate greed and the dirty coal and oil industry destroy their future.
One of the very few positives of the Trump election has been to unite the progressive, democratic, social movements around all these issues. I also think that people are waking up to the fact that all these issues are connected, women’s rights, immigration, environment and they all need to be defended. A lot of people protesting right now are fighting Trump’s horrible and sick immigration ban and these are people have never marched before in their lives! I participated in the women’s march in Park City, and many people I met there- young mothers and daughters- had never marched before. We have a whole generation who have never had to get out in the streets to fight for their basic rights, but they’re doing it now- and in record numbers and we are just getting started.
Q: How complex is our environment?
[Professor Brian Schmidt] Our climate has layers of complexity…. You could be curious about the weather outside your house tomorrow, or worried about our climate a billion years from now. In many respects, some of the big questions are easier to answer than the little ones.
It’s difficult for me to predict whether it will rain tomorrow, but much easier to predict what- on average- the universe will do.
[Professor Martin Rees] Our climate is very complex, but the one thing we can say with confidence is that as carbon dioxide is added to the atmosphere, it makes it warmer than it would otherwise be. That warming trend is- of course- super-imposed on top of all those other complex effects that make our climate fluctuate on timescales up-to decades.
We understand broadly how our climate works, but there are many aspects such as cloud-physics- for example- which are immensely complex interactive systems. That’s why forecasts are uncertain, even today.
We will never understand the details of our climate, and even if we could predict long-term trends, we could not predict the short term fluctuations. Our weather forecasts can predict a few-days ahead, but we can’t predict a month ahead very well. I could confidently predict that if I was speaking in July, that it would be colder in 6 months’ time… and we can fairly confidently predict it will be warmer, on average, 50 years from today because of the enhanced carbon dioxide concentration. It’s important to realise that when we talk about global temperature rising- that rise, be it 1,2 or 4 degrees, is an indicator of larger weather pattern changes, and we don’t know what the regional impacts will be. Some parts of the world could be colder, the rainy parts of the world and dryer ones may shift as well. What we’re talking about when we worry about long-term climate change is actually our worry about regional climate.
Q: Are we certain of the causes of climate change?
[Achim Steiner] We understand the causes of climate change sufficiently well to look into the future, not with the ability to determine with certainty what will happen, but with enough knowledge and empirical record to envisage what the consequences would be.
If you look at the world in 2015, the debate about the science is effectively not-over, but not the central criterion. There will always be people who question things, sometimes for ideological reasons, but sometimes because science and knowledge are not perfect. As a human species, we will never be able to predict or know the future with absolute certainty. Even in medical science, we go into an operating theatre knowing fully-well that an operation on a tumour in the brain is on one hand a mechanical intervention, but still dealing with a complex organism that we don’t understand entirely.
We are not lemmings as a human community, we judge risks- and the necessity to act, on evidence. In the case of climate change – the evidence has moved beyond the point of theory. Right now, the focus has shifted. If these really are risks that could materialise, and we have the opportunity to act, we must do so. This is where global consensus is converging.
The debate now is more about what we can do in such a way that it’s a win-win with minimal trade-offs. This debate is the focus at national level. If we go towards a low-carbon economy, are we shutting down part of our economy? Or transition into a more efficient version? That’s where the debate has it’s centre-ground now.
We now have a better understanding of things we may have previously observed as singular phenomena, for example- extreme weather events. These are increasingly being understood as a pattern.
Our knowledge about the linkage between global-warming and what we’re observing in our biosphere and ecosystem is becoming ever more evident.
The frontier of science and ecology is now around ‘tipping points,’ We do not understand our planet well enough to understand these. When- for example- all the methane trapped in the permafrost in the Siberian tundra is released, we simply don’t know what will happen.
The International Structure for Disaster Reduction (ISDR) published a report about the extreme weather events and natural disasters that have occurred in the past 20 years. 90 percent of natural disasters have been caused by extreme weather events. In little more than one decade, over 4 billion people in the world were affected by natural disasters. That is the magnitude we’re working with here. Climate change amplifies trends in our ecosystem and atmosphere.
[Professor Brian Schmidt] It is very clear scientifically that humans are changing the climate now, and the amount we are changing the climate will have significant implications for how our species live on Earth.
While it is true that there is natural variation within the climate’s history, some of which is as large as what we are likely to experience now, when we run the numbers we find that in the absence of human impact… we would not expect a major climate problem to occur for over 50,000 years.
Everyone thinks they know which way the wind-blows! People come and tell me that they don’t understand science, but they’re instant experts on climate change. It’s great to have people so involved in a scientific issue, but it’s bad when they discount expert advice for their own intuition- which is rarely a good thing- especially when there has been so much effort put in by experts, around the world, on this issue.
Humans have been able to grow and thrive because the climate has been so stable. If we want to be here for hundreds of thousands of years, we will have to figure out how to manipulate our climate, or adapt much easier than we do today.
[Professor Martin Rees] The one thing we’re confident about, is that the emissions of CO2 (rising because of fossil fuel consumption) are going to cause warming over and above all the other things in our climate. The trend of warming is going to dominate if we’re not careful!
There are many other fluctuations, El Niño and so on- which can amplify or cancel-out the trends over decadal timescales.
Q: What have been the human implications of climate change?
[Professor John Knox] I began to work on this issue [climate change and the environment] around 7 years ago, when I was doing pro-bono work for the Government of the Maldives. The Maldives were trying to bring- to the UN- the idea that climate change was not just an environmental disaster, but a human rights disaster as well. Over that time, I became increasingly familiar with the vast variety of ways that climate change is already beginning to interfere with the enjoyment of human rights to life, health, water, food etc- and how seriously it could affect those rights in the future.
Climate change is happening unevenly; for example, the poles are heating up much faster than other parts of the planet. In the Arctic regions, indigenous peoples that rely on subsistence hunting are already experiencing the effects of climate change. Permafrost is melting, meaning their homes are often collapsing or needing to be re-built. There are villages in Alaska that are already having to evacuate and move to firmer ground. For people who depend on a symbiotic relationship with the environment, this is devastating.
As we go forward, those kinds of effects will be felt farther in the middle of the world. We will have increasingly severe weather events… We’re already seeing examples of this. The strongest hurricane in history hit the Pacific Coast of Mexico. Fortunately, it hit in an area where relatively few people live, but it was devastating for people who were there. The fact that this hurricane didn’t hit more populous areas was just luck, and as more of these extreme weather events happen, we may not be so lucky. In the Philippines, they’ve had a whole series of devastating hurricanes- around one a year- which has changed the dynamic of their country politically. They see climate change as not just something that could have devastating effects in the future, but as something that is happening now.
It’s really important to understand that the people who are most affected and devastated by climate change are also those who are most vulnerable for other reasons. They are often the most marginalised, or who have the fewest resources. They already have the least ability to protect themselves from man-made and natural disasters. It’s unfair that these individuals are the least-able to protect themselves but also have had the least contribution to the problem. The poorest people in the world are not significantly reliant on burning fossil-fuels to make energy.
Framing climate change as a human rights issue helps bring the urgency home. The people who are most affected by it are the least responsible for it, and the most vulnerable for other reasons.
Q: How can we frame human rights within environmental law?
[Professor John Knox] Nobody thinks human rights perspectives should replace the need for environmental regulations. No-one thinks the UN Human Rights Council should try to negotiate a climate agreement. What it can do is provide three kinds of attributes that environmental law and policy need.
First, human rights views make it clearer and easier to understand what the stakes are. It’s not just technical or economic efficiency… A healthy environment is necessary for us to enjoy a life of human dignity, freedom and equality- and those are the things that human rights laws are there to protect.
Second, human rights norms help to explain how policies should be made and carried out- not just for environmental policies- but certainly including them. Human rights norms make it clear that the people most affected by policies have rights to information, participation and remedy in those policies. In the environmental context, that means that human rights law underpins the need for environmental impact statements, transparent and full dissemination of environmental information and the need for people to have their voices heard in the development of environmental policy.
Finally, human rights institutions can provide effective remedies. Increasingly, at the national, and international level- human rights organisations and courts are hearing environmental cases in the human rights context. More than 90 countries in the world now have a constitutional right to a healthy environment, for example… That’s built into their fundamental law! Not all those countries have courts that are effectively implementing those laws, but an awful lot do… If for whatever reason the environmental regulatory system is not doing its job, it gives people another mechanism to take those people to court, or through the remedy process, as environmental issues can significantly impact their human rights.
Q: What’s the state of environmental democracy around the world?
[Professor John Knox] In many places around the world, being an environmentalist and standing up for the natural environment, is extremely dangerous. A report by Global Witness in 2014 identified over 900 killings of environmentalists over the past decade, and the numbers are getting worse- we’re now at over 2 killings each week. We cannot lose sight of the fact that in many parts of the world, it’s far too dangerous to be an environmentalist- this is urgent.
Around the world, environmentalists are at risk of being harassed, disregarded or even treated as an enemy of the state! People who are questioning or opposing economic development project are not enemies of state or society, they are working for the better angels of our nature. They want our society and economy to grow in ways that are sustainable in the long-term.
Q: How effective are global institutions at defending environmental rights?
[Professor John Knox] The UN Sustainable Development Goals are a real-effort to get the international community to collaborate for the next 15-20 years with the understanding that economic development which benefits everyone in the world (eliminating poverty, hunger, and so on) requires the world to have a sustainable and healthy environment.
Over the past 20 years, there has been a revolution- internationally- in how people think about environmental protection. It’s no longer a luxury, but a necessity.
Q: To what extent is there a moral or ethical responsibility to act on climate change?
[Professor John Knox] Human rights laws are not simply a number of technical rules, but are grounded in fundamental, universal conceptions about moral and ethical requirements. By harming the environment, we are undercutting the ability of others to enjoy their human rights.
At its best, human rights law is applied to living human beings! However, nothing in that approach prevents us from thinking of the rights of future generations… It’s overlooked that future-generations are already here. I have a 3 year old and 1 year old nephew, I expect they have a good chance of seeing the end of the century. When we talk about what will happen in 2100? There are people alive now who will experience the world in 2100. We are too-quick to draw a line between present and future generations. Those future-generations for whom we need to protect the planet? They’re already here! They’re arriving every day.
[Professor Martin Rees] Ethicists are concerned primarily around future generations, but we also must understand climate change has other outcomes such as increasing the rate of species extinctions and so-on. The extent to which Earth’s biodiversity has intrinsic value, apart from the value of the plants and animals to humans, is an important ethical issue.
The great ecologist E. O. Wilson felt that if human actions led to a high rate of extinctions? It’s the action that future generations will least forgive-us for. The Church has also recently become vocal on this, moving from a position of ambivalence- built on a position that Man has dominion of nature. Pope Francis has clearly stated that the environment has value in it’s own right; this is hugely important- The Pope has immense influence politically, and over the public in Latin America, Africa, East Asia and perhaps even other parts of the world.
It’s only in the last half-century that the human impact on climate has been significant, before that? Natural forces dominated the hazards of climate! Now that each of us, as humans is so demanding of our planet, we’ve entered the age of the ‘Anthropocene,’ where human actions impact climate and the environment.
Q: How is air pollution impacting our cities?
[Zac Goldsmith] Air pollution is something that everyone is aware of. We’re not all aware of the great loss of biodiversity in our rainforests, or the new wave of extinctions our planet is experiencing, but air quality will affect you or someone you love. It’s a serious concern in most cities.
If you look at the numbers of people who are thought to be dying early due to air pollution, we are now more-or-less exactly where we were during the great smog which gave rise to The Clean Air Act. It’s a different type of pollution; you can’t see it as clearly as you could during the smog, but it’s having the same impact in terms of human life.
It’s not that difficult to get to grips with the air pollution problem. We have the tools we need to clean up our air in London. We don’t have to wait for technology to catch-up- the pace is such that the radical shifts we need- for example, to electric vehicles, are just around the corner.
We have legislative power to do this. There is a political mandate from people, who care deeply about their environment, to do this. We need politicians to get more radical and tougher. There is no reason why every bus in London can’t be electric, or at least emission free, within the next 5 years based on existing city budgets. We already know that every new black cab that goes on the market after 2018 will be electric, but there’s no reason why the existing ones can’t be retrofitted on a cost-neutral basis over 4 or 5 years. These are things that can happen now.
Take a look at construction vehicles. The number of contracts awarded by councils, city-hall and central government are immense and there is nothing to stop us awarding contracts to companies who continue to use dirty and polluting vehicles. This makes a big difference, construction vehicles account for around 18% of all the air pollution in London.
Q: How are cities handling the rubbish our society generates?
[Zac Goldsmith] We’re so efficient at getting rid of waste, at least getting it out of sight, that we don’t realise the impact it has on our culture and economy.
We generate a colossal quantity of waste. In Britain alone, we generate enough waste to fill Albert Hall– to the top of the dome- every two hours.
We have a fantastically efficient system to move waste out of our eyesight, there’s no such thing as taking it away- it just gets moved somewhere else, even incinerators just send waste into the atmosphere.
We need to shift away from consumer waste (the kind of stuff you and I generate in our homes, when we go to the shops and buy things with unnecessary packaging) and put the emphasis on producer waste. Most people don’t welcome waste. I don’t like going to a shop and buying a sprig of parsley encased in plastic!
There are examples around the world of countries and companies getting it right. If you took all this best practice, and put it altogether; our city, and country could be zero waste quite easily. For example, if you throw a computer away in Japan, around 80-90% of it will end-up in a new computer. If you throw a computer away in the U.K. it’s the opposite, only 15% will be recycled, the rest will end-up in landfill or incineration.
There are construction companies who are moving towards zero-waste. London’s largest construction company feared an increase in landfill tax and rightly wanted to become more efficient, and so have moved to become a zero-waste construction company. When you consider that construction accounts for around one third of all the waste we produce as a city, you quickly realise that if every construction company did the same; our city would have one third less waste.
We don’t have to invent anything new, but rather- apply best practice from around the world and make those practices the norm.
Q: How is food supply impacting our environment?
[Zac Goldsmith] A city can never produce all its own food, farming will always be needed outside the urban boundary, but there are things we can do; we can stop being so wasteful.
It is said that if all the food that is grown and thrown away, was never grown in the first place, you would be able to plant enough trees to offset global CO2 emissions; we are extraordinarily wasteful.
When I was in Parliament, I was trying to bring in something called The Good Samaritan Act. It’s something so uncontroversial, it should have whistled through Parliament. The aim was simply to say to supermarket chains that they are obliged to recycle whatever food can be recycled through local charities and organisations yet will be isolated from legal accountability subject to maintaining the usual health and safety practices. We wanted to give supermarkets the cover they needed (legally) while obliging them to participate. Many supermarkets are (frankly) scared of recycling their food waste as they’re scared of getting sued… it’s an excuse that can be removed using a very simple piece of legislation. In France this legislation is already in place, it works, and has reduced food waste dramatically.
I set up a group in Richmond called ‘School Food Matters’ initially to ensure that the food kids were eating was high quality and sustainable (making schools part of the solution, not the problem). We did it, and we got to the point where all our primary schools were serving gold standard sustainable organic food cheaper than their previous meals. If you improve the quality of food, more kids will eat it – more families will sign up – and the price comes down. That group has now morphed into much more, and it’s about getting allotments into schools, and even a farm at a school near where I grew up! We’re weaving food into the curriculum whether it’s farming, ecology or even business. There is no school too small to incorporate growing food and culture into the curriculum.
Q: How can we balance green space versus urban development?
[Zac Goldsmith] We do not have to decide between green space or urban development. In 20-30 years, the situation may be different because of population growth, but the story we’re getting right now is false and presented to us by lobby groups, developers and people incentivised to build on our green space.
We have more than enough brownfield land in London to accommodate the kind of current, and projected demand we have for housing. The lack of housing in London is a huge social crisis. Developers don’t like developing brownfield land, it’s more expensive and may need decontamination, it’s much easier to build on virgin green space; but that’s an excuse.
A huge number of 1950s, and 1960s council estates which were put up in haste and are now coming to the end of their lifespan, provide a huge opportunity for urban, ecological and social renewal. A lot of these estates were built in such a way that they are not particularly attractive or conducive to social harmony. They often have a sense of being on ‘the wrong side of the tracks’ with hugely expensive properties on one side of the ward, and an area where people think they are dumped. All these walls can be broken down with good design, with consideration to street based high density, low height, alternatives to the current model. Instead of large alienating tower-blocks, street developments give you more homes and a greater sense of community. This doesn’t require new legislation or powers, and if we don’t do this- we’ll lose our green space.
If the only people who can own a property in London are earning at minimum 3-4x the average London salary, that’s a problem- and people will feel marginalised and naturally will not feel like they have a stake in their own city.
We have to consider carefully how we free-up publically owned land. TfL (Transport for London) own the equivalent land to 16 times the area of Hyde park, and they’re just one example of public land ownership. Where that land is freed up for development, if the buildings are simply sold-off to wealthy overseas investors, that is a problem; it causes massive resentment and goes nowhere near solving our housing crisis.
It’s not beyond the wit of man to close that gap. It’s not simply an income inequality gap, but rather about ensuring people feel (and do) have a stake in their city.
How can we create a generation who love, revere, and respect the natural world if their only experience of it is TV? People need access to the outdoors, green spaces and fresh air.
We need to design urban environments that create community, and are not simply dropped onto communities.
Q: What can nations do to reduce their climate impact?
[H.E. Mohamed Nasheed] We must change our development patterns to give us the best return possible, and use the best and newest technologies we have at our disposal to achieve that.
Often, people tend to think that development inevitably leads to higher carbon emissions. That’s simply not true. New technologies are more efficient, and give better returns.
The leaders of the future must embrace new technologies, we cannot rely on obsolete Victorian technologies like the internal combustion engine. We must find new methods and new technologies, moving to a low carbon world.
Q: How can we make a difference to our climate?
[Yann Arthus-Bertrand] We must think about what we can do ourselves. We cannot wait for government. It’s great that politicians are doing their work, but they don’t have the vision of the grass-roots movements. In 20 years, little has changed.
If we want to make a difference for the future of our climate, it starts with us.
We have to be curious and ask big questions. Why are we still fighting like the middle ages? Why can we not forgive? Why do we still make and sell awful weapons? Why is our society so full of contradictions? Why do we treat women so badly when they are the ones who give us life?
We are born with empathy, and slowly hate, suspicion and greed take over.
It’s too late to be pessimistic, we need action- and action is me. Action is what I can do myself regardless of whether people follow. Everyone has to find their own solutions for what they can do for our planet.
Q: Should we have a rights framework for the environment (independently of us)?
[Professor John Knox] Since the dawn of the environmental movement, many people have pointed out that there’s something incomplete about the idea that the environment exists solely for instrumental reasons- that is, to serve human interests. A fuller-understanding of the moral and ethical framework would- perhaps- require us to recognise that the environment has intrinsic value, in and of itself.
We increasingly realise that in order to enjoy the human rights we have that relate to the environment, we have to fully-protect the environment. We cannot treat it like a grocery or hardware store from which we take whatever we need- assuming there will always be more. That’s not how the environment works…
The whole area of environmental ethics also includes people who take an eco-centric approach, that is- we should stop putting ourselves at the centre of the ecosystem. We should realise we’re part of a broader framework. The difficulty however, is that it’s very difficult for humans to put themselves in anyone else’s shoes. We can do that to a certain extent with other human beings… but it’s harder for us to do that with non-human and the non-living environmental components. This is changing… Ecuador and Bolivia have recently enacted laws that recognise the rights of Mother Nature. The problem, however, is who gets to speak on behalf of nature, as mountains won’t speak on their own behalf! My own perspective is that we can’t think of ourselves as apart from nature. We’re not astronauts that somehow depend on nature as a life-support system. In order to really live lives of human dignity and freedom, we need an environment that is supportive and healthy.
The environment deserves to be treated as an end, and not just as a means for our benefit.
Q: Do we have political and social will to act on climate change?
[Professor John Knox] There’s no doubt that climate change is a difficult problem to frame in most people’s minds. When the effects are vivid and immediate, we get action. In the United States, famously, a river in Ohio caught on fire because it was so polluted! When the situation gets that bad, people realise they have to act.
Many effects of climate change are felt over the long-term, and the causal sequence of connections is difficult to perceive… for example, most people wouldn’t link driving their car to the store as having increased the chances of a severe hurricane in the future.
Virtually all the countries in the world have made commitments to mitigate carbon emissions, and I’m hopeful. Are those commitments enough? No… but we’re a lot further on than we were even a few years ago. Once you take the first steps to solving an environmental problem, subsequent steps are often cheaper than they first appeared, easier to take, and more effective.
Once we seriously try to address climate change, we will be able to move quickly. It’s one thing to commit, but another to carry-out…
Q: How does environmental health impact communities?
[Dean Robert D. Bullard] The environment is a major contributor to health and well-being, in a positive and negative way. Built environment is incredibly important because if it’s used improperly? It can have adverse and negative impacts on residents as well as the wider-ecosystem. To a large extent, planners, builders and policy-makers have vastly underestimated the impact of the built-environment as it relates to public health. They’re just now beginning to get a feel for how to reverse those negative impacts, and the environmental justice movement was a major impetus to get policy makers to understand how man-made environments have a disproportionate negative impact on populations.
Q: What is environmental justice?
[Dean Robert D. Bullard] Environmental justice embraces the principle that all communities and populations are entitled to equal protection of environmental, health, transportation, civil and human rights laws. Those laws and regulations should be applied equally, across the board, without regard for race, income or ethnicity. It becomes a major policy-imperative to make sure no one segment of the population receives its share of the bad or good-stuff!
Q: How are different communities impacted by pollution?
[Dean Robert D. Bullard] If you look at the geographic and spatial location of pollution, environmental degradation and so forth- which we can now map very clearly- we can see, very clearly, that in the United States, zip code is the most potent predictor of where locally unwanted land-uses such as landfill, incinerators, petrochemical plants and so forth are located. Zip code is also the best predictor of health and well-being to the extent that if you tell me your zip code, I can pull up a map and specifically show you how healthy you are!
Geography is a predictor of health and well-being, and that geography is highly correlated with access to things that make people healthy! Parks, green space, healthy foods, full service grocery stores, good schools, political power and more.
Environmental justice also examines the extent to which there may be structural and institutional barriers that limit public participation. That goes to the heart of environmental democracy and decision making! For a long time, access to decision making was limited by law if you were not from certain ethnic groups, or if you had a lack of resources. This stopped communities from mobilising, accessing lawyers, and getting their voices on the table when it came to environmental decision making.
All these things- the political, economic and social part- all go hand in hand in reproducing marginalised communities that often-times become environmental sacrifice zones… communities that are overburdened with pollution, and under-represented with residential amenities such as parks, green spaces, medical facilities and so on.
Q: How are different communities impacted by environmental disasters?
[Dean Robert D. Bullard] When we look at disasters, and map vulnerability, you can see there’s a high relationship between socio-economic vulnerability and vulnerability to natural and man-made disasters.
Which communities are over-polluted by industry? These are the same communities that are not zoned to receive environmental protection – flood control, flood management, levys and so on. The most vulnerable communities to industrial pollution and environmental degradation are the very same who are most vulnerable to climate change, sea-level rise and extreme weather events.
The environmental justice community, for over 40 years, have been campaigning for the fact that environmental protection should be equal for all communities- not limited to those who have the money to buy resources, lawyers, and have political process to impact their economic infrastructure.
When Hurricane Katrina hit, the world saw who was left behind… who was left on the rooftops… who were left in the super-dome and the convention centre…. The world saw that misery did not come in every colour or economic class. It was disproportionately people of colour, and those at the lower end of the economic spectrum who were left behind.
Q: To what extent are environmental decisions racist?
[Dean Robert D. Bullard] A lot of racism is real, it’s not a concept or theory.
For a long time in the United States, land use decision making and zoning was race based. You had racially identified areas that defined who could live where. How tax dollars were spent, what industry went where, these decisions were often defined by that racial demarcation. Before the civil rights act of 1964, it was legal. Even in the time from 1964 to now, the residue of this racism still exists…
In the past 40 years, we’ve quantified and documented the negative impact of environmental racism and injustice on communities. For example: looking at the concentration and saturation of industrial facilities in certain areas, and then looking at diseases associated with those industries and their pollutants, the cumulative impact is clear. Communities are suffering disproportionately from having so-much pollution dumped on them. The injustice doesn’t stop there… the residents in those communities rarely even get jobs from those industries on their doorstep! They could walk to work, but the jobs are not for them- the jobs are taken by individuals who drive in, spend 8 hours at work, and drive out- they take the income and salary with them, and even the tax base- and leave the pollution behind. A lot of communities that are fence-lined to labour intensive and polluting industries find their tax base, property values and health are compromised. They’re getting sick, and often dying. Communities are saying that at some point in time, there should be a threshold where no more pollution should be dumped into a community, by law. At the moment, there is no threshold to show communities are overburdened – there are so many sacrifice zones that have become toxic wastelands- they exhibit high levels of diabetes, asthma, learning deficits and more. Heavy metals, pollutants, arsenic and so forth just fall right down onto school playgrounds, parks and so on. These are where young kids play, and for the most part these are not wealthy kids- nor are they white. In most cases, it’s African American, Latino, Asian and Native American children. The environmental justice movement is about protecting the most vulnerable population, to make sure their voices are heard. Children can’t vote – they can’t organise and mobilise – they can’t hire lawyers. The adults who represent them, must do those things for them. Fighting for children’s health is the main front-line issue for environmental justice.
When we talk about environmental racism and injustice, and talk about how environmental vulnerability maps closely with racialized places- it’s real. This is not something that a wild-radical sociologist is making up!
Q: Is climate change compounding the environmental justice issue?
[Dean Robert D. Bullard] Climate change is the number one environmental justice issue globally. If you look at the communities that are feeling the effects of climate change first, worst and longest? It’s those communities that also feel the impact of industrial pollution – often becoming no-mans lands. These are communities disproportionately impacted by flooding, severe weather events, tornados, hurricanes, droughts and more.
The environmental justice movement has expanded from pollution to include climate change. We define climate change way beyond just the emission of green-house gases, to include the issue of vulnerability and adaptation. A lot of our communities are already hurting and feeling the impact!
The countries who have contributed the least to climate change are feeling the greatest effects, and they’re seeking climate justice from the richer countries.
Communities are starting to embrace clean energy and energy justice to make sure that poorer communities are not stuck with the dirty coal-fired power stations and industry whilst richer communities transition to renewables. That gap occurs right now…. Affluent communities are getting sustainable and renewable energy – that has to be harmonised.
We can’t build a green economy on inequity, and we must address legacy inequality.
Q: Is the world taking the issue of climate change seriously?
[Professor Brian Schmidt] From a political perspective, it’s very difficult for the world to take the issue of climate change seriously enough in the short-term. It is almost certainly going to be cheaper for future generations, if we start dealing with these issues now…. But one’s perception comes down to the discount-rate assigned current investments, and the variable-mileage of those interventions! It’s very difficult to price, what might be quite catastrophic situations, into the optimal path forward- and that’s an issue for economists- one of which I’m married to!
[Professor Martin Rees] Climate change is hugely discussed, but the actions we are taking are inadequate.
The key-debate is not so much about different areas of science, but rather- our economics and ethics.
If you apply a standard discount rate…. You don’t give high priority to deal with climate change. Why? In that scenario, you don’t care much beyond 2050, and nobody thinks a major climate catastrophe will occur before then. That’s why Bjorn Lomborg and his fellow economists down-play the importance of climate change versus other ways of helping the world’s poor.
If you take the view of ethicists (which, I may add is shared by economists such as Weitzman and Stern) you will think it appropriate to take a lower discount rate for the long term, and be prepared to pay an insurance-premium now, to remove a possible serious threat that might emerge after 2100. We don’t know how big it will be, but the worst case could be catastrophic for our species.
In a policy context, we have to be sure we are not discriminating on the grounds of date of birth, and thus we must make sure we value the lives’ of our grand-children as much as we value our own.
The problem faced with getting climate change higher up the agenda is that it’s consequences are remote in time, but also remote in space for those of us in Europe and the USA- the worst effects will be felt in tropical areas, where they can least-well cope and adapt to these changes.
Q: What are the greatest opportunities to act on climate change?
[Achim Steiner] In order to achieve the transformation we need in our economy; the starting point is every individual. We all need to understand what is happening and why.
When we talk about climate change today, we’ve moved away from the ‘parts per million’ narrative that’s very disempowering to the public. Rather, we’re talking about extreme rainfall, seasonal changes, and so forth- people can relate to that.
You don’t need to understand climate science as a climate scientist to be able to understand climate change. We don’t understand the inner workings of an iPhone, yet we use it because we know what we need to know to be able to use it.
If we take what the IPCC has drawn together from tens of thousands of research projects and efforts, the next level is policy. Governments must create the right signals in the economy to trigger transformation. The major emitting sectors- agriculture, energy and transport- must lead this change… we can then remove fossil-fuel subsidies, encourage the introduction of renewable energy systems and encourage electric mobility.
At the level of cities, we’re seeing many of the world’s major cities, with their mayors and locally elected officials being the pioneers of these new policy systems. This applies to companies too- from their factories to supply chains, companies are seeing what their true carbon footprints are and encouraging their suppliers and partners to be part of efforts.
Individuals play their part too, we have to change our consumption trends in the government and commercial environment.
Real transformations are happening. Kenya now relies on geothermal for 50% of it’s energy, Denmark uses renewable sources for 40% of it’s energy, Germany is 30%, Spain and Portugal 40% too. China now has the largest solar and wind infrastructure of any country in the world. Change is happening! But we need more alignment.
Acting on climate change is less about economies shutting down, but more about how quickly we can transition to a low carbon economy that creates jobs, opportunities and new technologies.
[Professor Martin Rees] There’s a lot we could do to combat climate change, a great first-step would be to get nations to stick to the promises they have made, and change their internal policies and incentive systems- that would do a great deal.
Realistically, the most important thing we can do is to accelerate the development of clean energy generation. I’m a supporter of the so-called ‘Apollo Programme’ for energy, which aims to persuade the main G20 nations to double the publically funded R&D into clean-energy. This will accelerate the time taken for clean-energy systems to be cheap enough to be competitive against fossil fuels, and thus remove the incentive that developing nations will otherwise have to build coal-fired power stations to meet their legitimately growing energy needs.
There has been a lack of market incentive to do this, only 2% of publically funded R&D HAS gone into this areas… I personally think that publically funded R&D into clean-energy should be comparable with healthcare and defence. In the ‘Apollo Programme,’ we’re rather modest, and aim to increase it from 2% to 4% and focus the spending on Solar energy, energy storage (which is crucial) and smart grid technology (necessary to manage our energy, and to help solar energy get from sunnier countries, to cloudier ones, and to smooth-over peak demand across time-zones).
Q: How is astronomy helping us to understand our earth climate?
[Professor Brian Schmidt] As astronomers, we are developing planetary atmosphere simulators to test on Venus, Mars Exoplanets and so forth. The people doing the work are learning, doing the work, coming up with ideas which- eventually- might well be applied on Earth.
We simply don’t know what discoveries astronomers or climate scientists will make that will be useful in each-other’s fields. That’s the wonder of science! You build up knowledge, and that knowledge is surprisingly useful across fields. It can be extremely unpredictable and rewarding to humanity to do this.
Q: Do we have a plan-b for climate change?
[Professor Brian Schmidt] The ‘plan-b’ for climate change is geo-engineering. It’s surprisingly easy to geo-engineer, and we’re inadvertently doing it now with CO2. We could really go out and do this. It’s not a panacea however, we are- in effect- inducing another form of climate change, and we have no idea of what the range of implications will be.
The Earth is a giant non-linear system, and that makes it very hard to predict, especially when it’s shocked.
Geo-engineering is not something I’d be planning to rely on, but my guess is that we will eventually do this out of desperation- but I hope we do as little as possible.
You can cool the Earth, but it will have consequences- rainfall patterns will move, the weather will change and much more- and it will not save coral reefs from acidification, it will not refresh water quality, it will not reverse so much of the damage we have done from over-utilising the Earth’s resources.
[Professor Martin Rees] Many commentators such as Professor Stephen Hawking have spoken of emigration to space as our ‘alternative,’ but let me say that I think this is nonsense. Even though I hope there will be colonies living in space by the end of the century, the idea of mass emigration is ridiculous. Nowhere else in space is as-comfortable as even the top of Mount Everest.
I suspect that we won’t do enough in the next 20 years or so to turn-around annual CO2 emissions. 20 years from now, we’ll also have much firmer evidence around how sensitive our climate really is to CO2. There’s no-doubt that our climate is warming because of it, but by then we’ll know the factor. Firstly, we’ll have 20 years more data to analyse- but secondly, we’ll also have a much-better theoretical understanding combined with more powerful computer models. This will help us understand how dangerous climate change will be. If the prognosis is that warming will be gradual, people will relax- but if it’s clear that the rise is rapid? There will be pressure for a ‘plan b.’
The most likely candidate for a ‘plan b’ will be geo-engineering, where we tinker with the atmosphere to cancel-out the warming. This is a much discussed and controversial subject, but it is clear that it would be feasible for us to put enough ‘stuff’ into the atmosphere to absorb or reflect-out 2-3% of the sunlight that would otherwise hit the Earth, and cancel-out the warming. In principle this is possible, and it’s almost dangerously cheap… We would be committing ourselves to continuing however; if we cool the Earth by these methods, we are not impacting the CO2 emissions or concentrations and if we stopped? We could get a sudden and catastrophic warming. Unless we were very confident in our models, we also wouldn’t know exactly what the effects would be…. Different countries would of course, want to turn-down their thermostats by different amounts, and this would lead to endless litigation and international disputes.
If countries could blame each other for the weather? We’re entering into a whole new class of international disputes! It would be disastrous for international relations!
Q: What would be your message to future generations?
[H.E. Mohamed Nasheed] I believe social entrepreneurship can save the planet. I believe social entrepreneurs will be the source of those ideas that allow us to adapt to, and mitigate for climate change now- and in the future.
New technologies are economically viable, and we can create economic opportunity if we adapt our established patterns and pathways to this new world.
For countries to adopt different pathways, they need to make climate change an election issue. Political parties must show their citizens the opportunities and benefits of a low carbon economy. They must show people that higher employment, better housing, all these things can be achieved by embracing a low carbon world, not in-spite of it.
Governments must legislate these pledges to create the right regulations and procurement strategies to support the move towards a low carbon world. Our infrastructure, our businesses, our services… all of these must be built embracing today’s technologies, not the technologies of the past century.
[Achim Steiner] Young people must become involved and engaged, they can’t leave it to our generation to ‘fix’ climate change. It is very disempowering when you hear about the complexity of climate change, but young people are extraordinarily inventive, innovative and can generate a sense of enthusiasm and commitment that surpasses their elders.
Young people need to get informed, they need to start doing things where they are now- in their home, their families, at their schools, in their football clubs. Everywhere we live, play and work we can do something to create change.
Guilt is not the greatest motivator. I was struck recently when I was listening to the grand daughter of Mr Rockefeller who made his money in Oil. She’s now a board member of their family foundation, and announced a total divestment from fossil fuels. Are her ancestors culpable? No! At that time, bringing oil into the economy was an extraordinary boost to the development of the United States and the rest of the world. Things change… what we know today, we didn’t know then. In just 2 or 3 generations, young people will take different decisions to their predecessors.
This isn’t about pointing fingers at the past, it’s about acting on what we know now, and the opportunity we have to do something. We live in a community, and every small decision is part of a big change.
[Professor Brian Schmidt] Each generation has a moral obligation to leave a legacy which will allow the next generation to be at least as prosperous as their own. That’s our moral imperative to our future generations, and we’re simply not doing it right now.
[Professor John Knox] By the time we hand-over the globe to the next generation, I hope we have dealt with the climate change problem so that they don’t have to. On the assumption that we have done that? I hope the generation after ours is able to move forward to a more mutually-beneficial relationship with the environment.
For most of human history, we have seen the environment as a source of natural resources and a place where we can dump our waste. I hope we start to move back to a way that many indigenous groups see it, as a place that is semi-sacred, where we renew ourselves, and which we don’t exploit.
[Dean Robert D. Bullard] I hope the generation after ours keep the message of justice, fairness and equity- front and centre. Young people need to understand that every social movement that has ever been successful has had a strong youth and student component. The voices of young people, the generation that will inherit the earth, will inherit the issues of climate justice and sustainability.
This is not a sprint… this is a marathon-relay! You run your 26 miles and you pass the baton to the next generation who will run the next 26 miles and so on.
Young people today are fearless, they want an issue to make their own- and climate change is that issue. They’re stepping up, preparing themselves, shaking off the baggage of the previous generations and are merging health, environment, social justice, energy, marriage equality and more into their movement.
20-30 years ago, civil rights and environmental groups were different movements, suspicious of each other. Today? Groups are working together, and young people can take these issues across the finish line.
[Professor Martin Rees] We should think longer term about our planet. In business, we expect to return our investment in a relatively short-time and that’s how we decide our investments, but that’s not how we should be thinking of the long-term future of our planet, and of generations yet to be born.
We ought to learn from our predecessors. The UK today benefits hugely from the infrastructure built by the Victorian’s almost 200 years ago- and it would be sad if we didn’t think ahead about what legacy we’re leaving….
The medieval cathedral builders lived at a time where their horizon’s were limited to Europe, where they thought the world was only a few thousand years old, and would only last a few thousand more. That didn’t stop them building great cathedrals which were often not finished in their lifetimes.
It seems shameful that with our resources, and with our far greater horizons in time and space, that we think so short-term and so narrow. In fact, there’s only one context in which we think of the long-term, and that is in the disposal of radioactive waste, where we must make the depository safe for 10,000 years- that’s the requirement. It’s ironic when we can’t plan energy policy 30 years ahead.
Actions we take now, will resonate at least a century ahead. If we lead to irreversible warming of the Earth? That will be something that future generations will curse, not thank us for.
[H.E. Anote Tong] I was in Malta yesterday and the day before at the meetings of the commonwealth heads of government. I was hearing some very strong and powerful statements, and the most powerful of them was by the new Prime Minister of Canada.
Canada has historically been a denier of climate change, and it seems that a new government has changed this… Whether this is a generational issue or not, I can’t say for certain, but he is a young-man and is talking from the view-point of young people.
We need to have more contributions to the climate change debate from young people, it is their future, and their lives which are most at stake.
[Yann Arthus-Bertrand] We all spend so much time talking about the pessimistic things in our world, we need to look forward, to the future.
How can we possibly think we can give advice to the next generation? All we can do is tell them to love.
I am an ecologist, and my job is to love life, love the trees, love nature, love myself and love the other. In French we call it bienveillance (goodwill). We need more bienveillance around us, and less scepticism and cynicism.
We are blind. We know the truth, yet we do not want to believe it.
[Laurie David] Young people are so anxious and stressed right now, they are (frankly) scared about
what’s happening in our world. So my advice to them would be the same advice Obama gave them in his farewell address; participate!
Everyone has to participate; you can’t sit on the sidelines and expect other people to be fighting on your behalf. We cant take anything for granted. But I would add, no one can do everything, so pick your lane. Choose the thing you are most passionate about, and devote your energies to that. We can’t talk our values, we have to live them.
And after you march, think about running for an office yourself or supporting others who do. Subscribe to a newspaper, or other journalistic outlets that are doing the hard work every day. This is so important because honest journalism is under attack. The free press is under attack by the President himself! Its horrifying but its up to all of us to make sure we protect and defend and subscribe!.
The need for action, advocacy and activism was the big wake-up call from the recent US election. People got
complacent after 8 years of Obama thinking everything would be OK, that our country was on the right course, and they could just focus on their own lives.
We have a generation of kids waking-up, and that’s extremely powerful. We will see a whole new generation of activists and our country will be better off for it.
This election has been an enormous game changer. The current state of affairs is stopping people in their tracks and making them evaluate how they should spend their next few years. I’m going to have to get back out there myself and doing more. Years ago I did a tour with Sheryl Crow through colleges in the South and the deal was that if you wanted to hear her sing? You had to listen to me give a talk first! After this interview I am going to email Sheryl!
We all have to be voices of sanity and reason and justice for the sake of all our futures.
[Zac Goldsmith] When I was a young-child learning about the problems facing the natural world, I kept seeing messages telling me that ‘it’s up to your generation to solve these problems, you’re the ones who will feel it and fix it…’ It’s depressing therefore that we’re now passing that baton of responsibility to the next generation… it implies (quite rightly) that this generation has failed.
The youngsters of today must not hand the baton to the generation after theirs, that would imply they too have failed, and we cannot afford much more generational failure when our world is in so much trouble.
Q: What does the future hold for the people of your nation?
[H.E. Anote Tong] We [the people of Kiribati] have to accept the brutal reality that science indicates our islands will be underwater.
If we want our islands to stay above sea-level, we will have to undertake very significant and substantial adaptation- we will have to raise the level of the island.
Now, do we have the resources to raise our islands? The answer most probably is no. The next question arises… what happens to our 100,000 people? Will we be able to accommodate them on the land that is raised? The answer to that is also, most probably, no.
We have plans to build-up our island in the meantime, but we have to accept the reality that because of climate change many, many of our people will have to migrate.
“Through our long evolution, we have inherited fundamental and universal cognitive wiring that shapes the way that we see the world and interpret threats and that motivates us to act on them.” Writes George Marshall, “Without doubt, climate change has qualities that play poorly to these innate tendencies. It is complex, unfamiliar, slow moving, invisible, and intergenerational.” This observation is important, “We are best prepared…” he continues “to anticipate threats from other humans. We are inordinately skilled at identifying social allies and enemies, identifying the social cues that define loyalty to our group and that identify the members of rival out-groups. Climate change is immensely challenging in terms of this categorisations. It is not caused by an external enemy with obvious intention to cause harm. It therefore tends to be fitted around existing enemies and their perceived intentions: a rival superpower, big government, intellectual elites, liberal environmentalists, fossil fuel corporations, lobbyists, right-wing think tanks, or social failings such as overconsumption, or selfishness.” (Don’t Even Think About it, George Marshall, 2014)
Here’s the challenge. Climate change does not fit into the nature of how we- as a culture- understand threat. It is not a rogue-ideology, nation-state or individual. It is not a malevolent species, nor even a supernatural phenomenon. Climate change is a multivalent phenomenon, there is nobody and nothing specific to blame, yet each and every individual on the planet is partly culpable to greater or lesser extents. In many ways, our way of life as a species simply is not compatible with it’s own survivability.
Every generation that passes casts a shadow on the future. We look through history, and see individuals, communities and nations that came together to fight wars, disease, injustice and disaster- these heroes of our past provided the roots on which the tree of knowledge was built, giving us iconic scientists, entrepreneurs, artists and more. Generations that follow ours may celebrate our ingenuity, but there’s every likelihood they will curse our inaction to act on what is- perhaps- the greatest challenge ever to affect our species. That being to protect our climate, and our environment.
For many ancient civilisations, nature was metaphysical. The environment, our animals, plants and natural phenomena were held in a mystic-realm of culture- they were protected because they were special, unknowable, interconnected and god-like. Perhaps now that we think we’re gods however, we’ve relegated the environment to the realms of the physical world- along with the rest of our possessions. We’re no longer a part of nature we think, but rather- as something ‘else.’
We have developed a wilful blindness. In truth, we are made of the same ‘everything,’ that everything is made of. And in spite of everything, to most everyone? that means nothing…
It’s time to open our eyes. | <urn:uuid:e9cba37a-17b5-4ed7-945d-36035091155b> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://thoughteconomics.com/climate-change-environmental-damage/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.960843 | 22,964 | 3.109375 | 3 |
The Different Types of Food
Food is the substance we eat to give our bodies the necessary nutrients to sustain life. Most food comes from animal, plant, or fungal sources. It contains essential nutrients that our bodies need to survive. However, there are also a few food groups that are not considered food. These are supplements and snacks that we enjoy while we are not eating. So, which category of food do you fall under? Here are some facts about them. We will also discuss how to get more of them!
The first category of food is fresh. This type of food does not have any preservatives, chemicals, or artificial ingredients. It is usually not pasteurised, and its nutritional content isn’t higher than the recommended amount. Hence, it’s important to eat foods that are not past their use-by dates. Moreover, check the label to make sure it is labeled properly. You should also check the nutrition information panel to find out how much is in each food item. A serving size indicates the amount of food an individual consumes in a sitting.
The second category of food is fresh. This means that it has not been preserved and has not spoiled. If a food item has a use-by date, then it’s probably still fresh. A product’s use-by date should be a good reminder to avoid buying it when it’s past its use-by date. The use-by date also indicates whether the food has been processed in a way that may contain allergens.
A third category of food is fresh. A food is considered fresh if it has not been preserved. The ingredients used to preserve the food must be labeled and have a specific function in the final product. All additives must be declared if they contain allergens. Lastly, the nutrition information panel lists the amount of nutrients per 100 g or ml serving. The manufacturer determines the size of the serving, but it does not necessarily reflect the quantity that a person eats in a single sitting.
A food’s use-by date is an important indicator of its quality. If a food has a use-by date, it’s still fresh. By contrast, if it is past its best-before date, it’s likely spoiled. For this reason, it’s better to buy fresh fruits and vegetables. Then, there are other ways to make your food taste better. For example, you may want to add more or less salt to a food to make it more flavorful.
When shopping for food, it’s a good idea to check the use-by date. While a food’s use-by date is a good guideline, it’s best to avoid using a food that has been past its use-by date. It’s important to remember that the first ingredient listed on the label is the most abundant, while the last one is the least. In some cases, ingredients are mixed together to form a compound. | <urn:uuid:514bcdc3-667f-49a7-940d-ef01ce7c7a98> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://tiklik.com/the-different-types-of-food/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.951977 | 612 | 3.390625 | 3 |
The city of New Westminster was first created in 1859 in response to the discovery of gold along the Fraser River. Although New Westminster started out as the capital of the colony of British Columbia, by 1870, one year before British Columbia joined confederation and became part of Canada, New Westminster no longer served as the capital city and the gold rush had ended. The population of New Westminster fell dramatically to around just 500 people and the future of the city seemed grim. It was this very year that a group of local citizens decided to band together and organize the very first May Day in New Westminster’s history in order to cheer the disheartened citizens.
Held in the city of New Westminster is the longest continually observed May Day within the British Commonwealth, first celebrated on May 4, 1870. This past Wednesday, the official May Day celebration took place within Queen’s Park.
The practice of holding a large celebration in the month of May did not begin in New Westminster, but originated as an ancient European spring festival, typically held on May 1. Although it is not clear exactly when this practice began, it is clear that it dated back to at least the Roman republican era when festivals were held within the month of May for the goddess of flowers, Flora, as well as for Dionysus and Aphrodite. The most common May Day traditions observed both in Europe and North America include dancing around the maypole and crowning the May Queen.
In New Westminster, the first May Day included a party, games, sports, and a free lunch. Although the festival has evolved over time, there are many key elements from the original festival that continue to this day such as the crowning of the May Queen, the honour of Guard boys, and children dancing around maypoles.
A maypole is a tall wooden pole erected as part of various European folk festivals that often involves a dance taking place around it. Although the origin of the maypole is unknown, it has traditionally been found within Germanic Europe and the neighbouring areas. It has often been speculated by scholars that the maypole had importance in Germanic paganism, but more recent scholarship has found that the maypole may have instead arose in the context of medieval Christian Europe.
The other key part of the May Day celebrations is the crowning of the May Queen. The May Queen serves as a personification for the May Day holiday and of springtime and she must walk or ride at the front of a parade during the May Day celebrations. The May Queen wears a white gown to symbolize purity and she is usually crowned with a tiara or a crown before giving a speech. Today, New Westminster is the only location outside of the United Kingdom that continues this tradition.
The Video below shows various scenes from the May Day celebration in New Westminster throughout multiple years, including scenes from the 1971 event that Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Phillip attended.
Although this year’s May Day celebration is over, the Hyack International Parade and Uptown Street Festival will be this Saturday, marking the end of a week of celebrations. Also, next year will be May Day’s 150th anniversary, a milestone you will not want to miss! | <urn:uuid:b519e460-1dbc-4ac7-a883-d71141c0db2c> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://tourismnewwestminster.com/new-wests-long-may-day-history/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.972114 | 650 | 3.609375 | 4 |
A suction regulator is a device that is used to control the flow of suction in a medical vacuum system. Suction regulators are typically used in hospitals and other healthcare facilities to adjust the level of negative pressure in a suction device, such as a suction catheter or wound drainage system.
Suction regulators typically consist of a dial or lever that allows caregivers to adjust the level of suction as needed. They may be used to increase or decrease the level of suction depending on the needs of the patient and the specific procedure being performed. For example, a caregiver may need to increase the suction to remove a large amount of mucus from a patient’s airway, or they may need to decrease the suction to avoid causing tissue damage.
Suction regulators are an important tool in the delivery of medical suction because they allow caregivers to adjust the suction level as needed to provide the most effective and safe treatment for the patient
Tri-Tech Medical Inc. continuous suction regulators provide superior suction control. Tri-Tech continuous suction regulators are provided with 0-300 mm Hg range and 0-760 mm Hg range, and include built-in 2-1/2″ diameter analog vacuum gauge and quick switch for different vacuum requirements. Tri-Tech Vacuum Safety Traps, Reusable Suction Bottle and Cap Assemblies, and a variety of inlet and outlet connections are available. | <urn:uuid:1a74aa74-7497-4ee7-9012-ff62dbd8345d> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://tri-techmedical.com/medical-gas-pipeline-secondary-products/suction-regulators/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.923661 | 291 | 2.515625 | 3 |
Oil bacteria will produce the world's cheapest hydrogen
The American company “Cemvita” reported the success of the experiment with the use of GMO-bacteria to generate hydrogen at a depleted oil well in Texas. They managed not only to repeat the laboratory experience in the field, but also to get a result three times better than the calculated one. Now the company is seriously discussing the prospects of production of the cheapest hydrogen in the world – at a price of less than $1 for 2 lbs.
Cemvita scientists have created, by editing the genome, bacteria that feed on oil and emit hydrogen and carbon dioxide as a metabolic product. The idea is to populate depleted oil fields with such bacteria, which no longer have the right amount of substance for commercial use. However, the oil itself is still there in some quantity, plus there is already ready equipment to work with the well.
Once the mine is populated, the number and activity of the bacteria can be regulated with reagents and toxins. There are some difficulties with the separation of the resulting gas mixture into hydrogen and carbon dioxide, but this is only a matter of technique. With this approach, the empty well again becomes a source of fuel and starts generating profit at minimal costs.
The main disadvantage of the technology – it cannot be called “green”, because you have to solve the problem of recycling a lot of carbon dioxide. Investors, environmentalists and supervisory authorities are unlikely to like it. And to modify the bacterial genome on such a large scale, so that it produces less harmful substances, is not allowed by the regulatory restrictions. There are justifiable concerns that the attempt to create an entirely new life form could get out of hand. | <urn:uuid:f7e33c69-0573-45da-8145-255a85ccff01> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://urgentnews.club/oil-bacteria-will-produce-the-worlds-cheapest-hydrogen/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.958344 | 348 | 3.296875 | 3 |
The largest cultural institution in West Pomerania.
Szczecin – the former capital of the Duchy of Pomerania under the reign of the dukes of the Griffin dynasty, and now the capital of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship, is the largest city in Western Pomerania. Historically, the city was also known as Sasin, Sedinum, Stetinum and Stettin.
Its current coat of arms depicts a crowned griffin's head. The griffin, a hybrid of a lion and an eagle, is a mythical creature with rich symbolism. Griffins pulled the chariots of the gods and watched over treasure, and knights put their images on shields to scare off opponents. In their nests, griffins laid sapphires instead of eggs, and their feathers were believed to cure blindness. In today's Szczecin, they look at us from the facades of many buildings, tenements and street water pumps. An imposing winged griffin is located on the square in front of the Town Hall, shining in radiant colours in the evening.
The oldest settlement village on what is now known as Castle Hill was established as early as in the 8th century.
In 1124, following the example of Duke Wartislaw I (the first known representative of the House of Griffins) and a group of nobles, the citizens of Szczecin were baptised. At the request of Bolesław III Wrymouth, Bishop Otto of Bamberg undertook two Christianising missions. The wooden manor house of Duke Wartislaw was located in the neighbourhood of a Triglav Pagan temple.
On 3 April 1243, Duke Barnim I the Good granted Szczecin a town charter fashioned after the Magdeburg Charter. In 1346, his grandson Barnim III the Great, against the will of Szczecin's patricians, initiated construction of the Stone House, the forerunner of the present-day castle. The medieval city area (ca. 54 ha, or 133 acres) remained unchanged for several centuries.
The Griffins' rule over Szczecin lasted for half a century. During that period, the city became the seat of the dukes and a member of the Hanseatic League. Its relations with the Hanse (13th–14th c.) were primarily based on grain and fish trade. Szczecin was suspected of giving advantage to pirates at that time due to its half-hearted efforts in fighting them. Craftsmen and their families comprised half of the city's population. Notable examples of Gothic architecture were constructed at that time; now they are part of the European Route of Brick Gothic (the Old Town Hall and three churches).
At the end of the 15th century, Prince Bogislaw X unified the Duchy of Pomerania and made Szczecin its capital. His second wife was Anna Jagiellon, daughter of the Polish King Casimir Jagiellon. At the beginning of the 17th century the Duchy was ruled by Philip II and Francis I of Pomerania – both well-educated enthusiasts of art and science, and sponsors of the arts. They built the fifth (two-storey) museum wing to create the second castle courtyard. By the initiative of Duke Philip II, Eilhard Lubinus made the Great Map of the Duchy of Pomerania, decorated with city engravings and a genealogical tree of the House of Griffins. This masterpiece of cartography is now displayed in the Castle of the Pomeranian Dukes.
In 1534, Lutheranism was introduced across the whole Duchy of Pomerania. The chief Pomeranian reformer was Johannes Bugenhagen, a friend of Martin Luther. Using property of the Catholic Church taken over by the dukes of Pomerania, the Ducal School (1543) was established, an institution with a status between that of a Latin school and a university.
The Swedes took over Szczecin during the Thirty Years' War. In 1630, the Swedish army of Gustav II Adolf arrived at the walls of the city. In 1637, Bogislaw XIV, the last duke of the House of Griffins, died without an heir. The Treaty of Westphalia, which marked the end of the Thirty Years' War, was signed in 1648 in the Town Hall of Osnabrück, and sealed the split of Pomerania. The western part, including Wolin and Szczecin, went to Sweden for almost a century. The Sweden-Brandenburg rivalry continued. As an expression of gratitude for help and the heroic defence during the siege by Elector of Brandenburg, King Charles XI of Sweden awarded the town a new coat of arms by adding the Swedish lions to the crowned griffin's head, along with the Vasa royal crown and a laurel wreath. The town was also surrounded by a ring of star-shaped bastion fortifications.
2 million thalers: that was the price of acquiring Szczecin "for eternity". In 1720, Frederick William I of Prussia paid the compensation to Queen Ulrika Eleonora of Sweden. The commander of the military garrison was Christian August von Anhalt-Zerbst, father of future empress Catherine II the Great, who was born in Szczecin (1729). New fortifications from 1724–1740 transformed Szczecin into a formidable Prussian fortress with three forts. It took 43 million bricks and 9 million thalers to build them. However, the military function of the Szczecin fortress hindered its urban development for a long time. Two Baroque city gates survive to this day: the Port Gate (formerly the Berlin Gate) and the Royal Gate (formerly the Anklam Gate). Huguenots who emigrated from France for religious reasons settled in the city. They were granted special privileges, had their own capital, and established factories, thus reviving trade, services and industry. The bourgeois elite ran art salons, while the formation of scientific and cultural societies contributed to historical research on Pomerania's past and the creation of the city museum.
Modern and formidable, the fortress of Szczecin fell when confronted by Antoine Lasalle, a shrewd French general. General Friedrich Gisbert Wilhelm von Romberg, the Prussian commandant of the fortress, was misled by the mock manoeuvres of 600 cavalry and frightened by the threat of a siege and looting of the city. When giving up the fortress, he gave his favourite porcelain pipe to the French strategist as a token of recognition. The residents of Szczecin attended the balls and fencing lessons organised by the Napoleonic army. However, their lives were not easy. The city was forced to pay a high contribution and maintain around 8,000 soldiers (who were quartered in the barracks, the houses of the townspeople, and in a temporary camp).
In the first half of the 19th century, the military authorities became more open to the idea of removing Szczecin's fortress status. As a result, the city was connected by rail to Berlin and the New City (an attractive military-residential complex) was established. Industrialisation and urban infrastructure investments (gasworks, water supply systems) progressed, and modern facilities were established (the "Vulcan" shipyard, power station, automobile factory of the Stoewer brothers, cement factory, sugar refinery, ironworks, paper mill, along with the synthetic fibre and chamotte brick factory).
From 1873, Szczecin implemented the orders of the Ministry of War abolishing fortress restrictions. The areas vacated by the army became a challenge for urban planners and architects. That moment marked the beginning of the dynamic expansion of the city. The commission for creating a comprehensive development plan for city areas was led by Konrad Krühl. The plan was partly based on James Hobrecht's concept. Szczecin gained its distinctive squares with a radial pattern of streets. Redevelopment of the city centre was initiated, and eclectic tenement houses were modelled on those of Berlin. Architects paid great attention to their appearance and made sure that the front facades were impressive, featured rich ornaments and were decorated with sculptures (although these were usually selected from stencils and construction catalogues). As a result, the houses became prestigious "tenement palaces". In the second half of the 19th century, the city became a major industrial port. From 1879, an increasing area of the city had access to horsecars, and an electric tram service was introduced in 1896.
The turn of the 19th and the 20th century brought Szczecin its modern urban character. One important step in that process was the inclusion of urbanised (but formerly independent) suburban settlements and towns into Szczecin. The city quickly made up for the lost years and took full advantage of its prestigious position as the capital of the region. Between 1902–1921, the Haken Terrace (now the Chrobry Embankment) was constructed. It is a representative boulevard with monumental buildings, pavilions and a large basin with a fountain at its base.
WWI – While military operations did not affect the city directly, the conflict brought inflation, the collapse of many businesses, unemployment and homelessness. During the interwar period, Szczecin lost its economic importance. Revolutionary actions and strikes took place. Szczecin underwent an economic collapse and was hit by hyperinflation. In Szczecin, unlike the rest of Western Pomerania, Paul von Hindenburg received more votes than Adolf Hitler in the presidential election. The gradual revival of business was artificially accelerated after Hitler's rise to power, following the promised elimination of unemployment and efforts to build a military-oriented economy. On the Kristallnacht of 1938, the Nazis burned down the synagogue located near the present-day Pomeranian Library on Dworcowa Street.
15 October 1939 – the administrative boundary of the city was extended to create Greater Szczecin (by including the towns Police and Dąbie, as well as other areas). The city's area increased almost six-fold.
WWII – the city's economy served the military needs of the Reich. Szczecin was given the highest air bombing threat level. The industrial areas on the Oder and in the Old Town suffered most from the bombings.
From 26 April 1945, the Soviet army occupied Szczecin. Following the Potsdam Conference, the city was given to Poland as compensation for the loss of its former eastern lands to the Soviet Union. The official takeover of the city by the Polish administration took place on 5 July 1945. "This is the moment we have dreamt of and desired for years", reads the diary of Piotr Zaremba, the first mayor of post-war Szczecin. Official propaganda needed an historical reason to justify the rapid settlement of these lands. In order to convince people, the authorities used emotional arguments about "the ancient Slavic lands and the return to the Piast tradition". The population was almost completely replaced. 8 million tonnes of debris were removed by 1958. Undamaged bricks were sent to Warsaw in response to the propaganda slogan "The whole nation builds its capital".
In its post-war history, Szczecin was a leader of the labour movements which accelerated the radical political changes of 1989. The protests of December 1970, the strikes of August 1980, and other key events are commemorated by the Dialogue Centre Upheavals, the youngest branch of the National Museum in Szczecin. In 2016, this underground museum (designed by Robert Konieczny of the KWK Promes studio) was recognised in an international competition as the Best Public Space in Europe. Another building nearby, the Philharmonic Hall, has also garnered worldwide acclaim.
The largest cultural institution in West Pomerania.
Anyone entering Szczecin by bridges over the Oder River can see the towering red-brick gothic Cathedral and an elegant, pale silhouette of a Renaissance castle with green towers, which used to be the seat of the dukes of the Griffins dynasty who ruled the Duchy of Pomerania.
There is a reason why Szczecin's Castle Boroughs are called "the new old town". After the Allied air raids, most of the Lower Town was razed to the ground. Its present appearance differs from the original one, although it refers to it. Today the Hay Market Square is a meeting place frequented by Szczecin residents and tourists.
The latest history of Szczecin in the award-winning underground exhibition.
Discover Szczecin during the sightseeing tour by minibus.
A multi-style building representing the splendor and wealth of Szczecin's middle class.
Sentimental journey back in time
On the trail of inspiring residents of beautiful Szczecin tenement houses.
One of the biggest escapes during World War II. | <urn:uuid:1def992a-f58a-4f05-a594-51671fdf465f> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://visitszczecin.eu/en/history-szczecin | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.969501 | 2,722 | 2.875 | 3 |
Search Term: " really "
The Consequences of Not Getting Enough Sleep
September 14, 2022 04:03 PM
Most people know they should be getting around eight hours of sleep per night, but according to the National Sleep Foundation, between 50 and 70 million U.S. adults havea sleep disorder*. That means many of us are not getting the quality sleep we need on a nightly basis. But what does that mean for our health? Let’s take a look.
Short-Term Effects of Sleep Deprivation
There are many short-term effects of not getting enough sleep, including:
* Difficulty concentrating or making decisions * Increased forgetfulness * Moodiness or irritability * Slow reflexes * Increased anxiety * Decreased sex drive * Weight gain or weight loss * Heightened senses * Increased susceptibility to colds and flus
Long-Term Effects of Sleep Deprivation
The long-term effects of sleep deprivation are even more concerning. Some of the long-term effects of not getting enough sleep include:
* High blood pressure * Diabetes * Heart disease * Mood disorders such as depression or anxiety * Memory problems * weakened immune system * Increased pain perception Conclusion: As you can see, there are many short-term and long-term effects of not getting enough sleep. If you think you might have a sleep disorder, talk to your doctor about treatment options. In the meantime, practice good sleep hygiene by avoiding caffeine before bedtime, establish a regular sleep schedule, and create a calming bedtime routine. Do your best to get seven to eight hours of quality sleep every night so you can wake up feeling refreshed and ready to take on the day!
Need more sleep try melatonin!
What is Melatonin?
Melatonin is a hormone that helps regulate our sleep-wake cycles. It's produced naturally by our bodies in response to darkness and starts to increase in the evening as we prepare for bed.
How Does Melatonin Work?
Many people take melatonin supplements in an effort to improve their sleep quality. And there is some evidence to suggest that it can be helpful. One small study found that melatonin supplements helped people fall asleep faster than placebo pills did. However, the effects were only temporary, lasting for just three days.
Another study looked at the effects of melatonin on people with insomnia due to jet lag. This research found that melatonin supplements shortened the time it took for participants to fall asleep by about an hour on average.
It's important to note that these studies looked at short-term usage of melatonin supplements. There's not much research available on the long-term effects of taking this supplement.
If you're struggling to get enough sleep, you might be wondering if supplements could help. One popular option is melatonin. But what is it, and does it really work? Melatonin is a hormone that helps regulate our sleep-wake cycles which is produced naturally by our bodies in response to darkness.. Many people take melatonin supplements in an effort to improve their sleep quality and there is some evidence to suggest that it can be helpful such as one small study found that melatonin supplements helped people fall asleep faster than placebo pills did.. however the effects were only temporary lasting three days or another study which looked at the effects of melatonin on people with insomnia due to jet lag and found that it shortened the time it took participants to fall asleep by an hour on average...
Give Melatonin a try and sleep better!
The Many Benefits of Chia Seeds, Omega-3, and more
September 14, 2022 03:59 PM
You might know chia seeds best as the things that grow on those weird Chia Pets you can buy at the store. But did you know that chia seeds are actually really good for you? Yes, those little seeds that make your Chia Pet grow a green coat are actually packed with essential nutrients. Lets take a look at some of the many benefits of chia seeds.
Chia seeds are an excellent source of fatty acids. In fact, nearly two-thirds of the fat in chia seeds is comprised of Omega-3s. Omega-3 fatty acids are essential for maintaining heart health, preventing chronic diseases, and reducing inflammation throughout the body. Chia seeds are also a great source of fiber. Fiber is important for keeping our digestive system healthy and preventing constipation. Additionally, fiber can help to lower cholesterol levels and regulate blood sugar levels.
Another benefit of chia seeds is that they are a great source of protein. Protein is essential for building and repairing tissues, muscles, and organs. It's also necessary for producing enzymes and hormones. And because chia seeds contain all nine essential amino acids, they are considered a complete protein source. This makes them especially beneficial for vegetarians and vegans who may have difficulty getting enough protein from their diet.
Finally, chia seeds are rich in vitamins and minerals like calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and manganese. These nutrients are essential for maintaining strong bones and teeth, balancing electrolytes, and regulating blood pressure. They also play a role in energy production and metabolism.
As you can see, there are many reasons to add chia seeds to your diet. Whether you sprinkle them on your cereal or add them to your favorite smoothie recipe, you're sure to benefit from their nutrient-rich goodness. So go ahead and give them a try - your body will thank you!
The Many Uses of Gelatin Powder
September 12, 2022 02:58 PM
NOW Real Food® Beef Gelatin Powder is a versatile thickener, stabilizer and texturizer that mixes instantly – no soaking necessary. Gelatin is commonly used in jams, jellies, desserts, marshmallows, and many other foods. It’s often used to create volume without adding a lot of calories. Let's explore some of the many uses of gelatin powder and the benefits it can have on your health.
One of the most common uses for gelatin powder is as a thickener for soups and sauces. If you've ever made homemade gravy or sauce and it's come out too thin, gelatin powder can help fix that. Simply mix a small amount of gelatin powder with an equal amount of cold water, then whisk it into your soup or sauce. The gelatin will help thicken it up without changing the flavor.
Gelatin powder is also commonly used in desserts such as pudding, pie filling, and ice cream. It helps give these desserts a silky smooth texture. Gelatin powder can also be used to make fruit snacks and jello. If you want to get really creative, you can even use gelatin powder to make homemade marshmallows!
In addition to its culinary uses, gelatin powder also has a number of health benefits. Gelatin is a great source of protein and amino acids, which are essential for muscle growth and repair. Gelatin also helps improve joint health by reducing inflammation and boosting collagen production. Collagen is the main structural protein found in connective tissue, so adequate collagen levels are necessary for keeping our joints healthy as we age.
As you can see, there are many uses for gelatin powder beyond just making JellO! Whether you're looking to add some protein to your diet or thicken up a soup or sauce, gelatin powder is a versatile kitchen staple that can do the job. So next time you're at the store, be sure to pick up some NOW Real Food® Beef Gelatin Powder. Your taste buds will thank you!
The Truth About Collagen: Can It Really Help You Look Younger and Feel Younger?
August 03, 2022 04:20 PM
It's no secret that collagen is a hot topic in the beauty world right now. Everyone from celebrities to your average Jane is talking about how they're using collagen to improve their skin health and appearance. But what is collagen, exactly? And can it really help you look younger and feel better? Lets take a closer look at collagen and its potential benefits for skin health.
What is collagen and what does it do for the body?
The body's collagen production naturally starts to decline at around age 25. Collagen is a protein that helps give skin its strength and elasticity. It can also be found in connective tissues, bones, and cartilage. A lack of collagen can lead to wrinkles, dry skin, and joint pain. Increasing collagen levels can help improve the appearance of skin, reduce the risk of injuries, and improve joint function. There are a number of ways to increase collagen levels in the body, including consuming collagen supplements, using collagen-containing skincare products, and getting regular exposure to UV light.
The benefits of collagen for skin health
Collagen is present in the skin of all mammals and is responsible for providing skin with its youthful appearance. As we age, collagen production decreases, which can lead to wrinkles, sagging skin, and other signs of aging. Fortunately, there are many benefits of collagen for skin health that can help counteract the signs of aging.
Some of the key benefits of collagen for skin include increased hydration, improved elasticity, reduced wrinkles and lines, and a more youthful appearance. Collagen supplements can also help improve the appearance of scars and stretch marks. In addition, collagen peptides have been shown to reduce inflammation in the skin.
If you're looking to improve the appearance of your skin, consider adding a collagen supplement to your routine. collagen supplements are available in pill form, powder form, or in a drink mix.
How to increase your intake of collagen
Collagen powder can be added to many drinks, such as smoothies, coffee, or tea. You can also mix it with water to make a collagen drink. Another way to increase your collagen intake is by eating foods that are high in collagen. Some good sources of collagen include bone broth, fish, and chicken. Natures Plus collagen has those sources and more.
The benefits of collagen for skin health are clear, and there are many ways to increase your intake of collagen. If you're looking to improve the appearance of your skin, consider adding a collagen supplement to your routine. collagen supplements are available in pill form, powder form, or in a drink mix. Give it a try today1
Lion's Mane and Cognitive Health
March 23, 2022 01:05 PM
If you're interested in keeping your brain healthy and sharp, you may be wondering if lion's mane is right for you. This edible mushroom has a long history of use by traditional herbalists in Asia, and recent scientific research suggests that it may indeed support neuronal health.
Lion's mane contains naturally occurring beta-glucans, which are believed to promote cognitive health. In fact, lion's mane has been shown to improve memory and protect the brain from age-related damage. So, if you're looking for a natural way to support your cognitive health, lion's mane may be a good choice.
Does Lion's Mane Help The Body Produce Nerve Growth Factor (NGF)?
There is some evidence that lion's mane can help the body produce nerve growth factor (NGF), a protein that is essential for healthy nerve function. One study showed that lion's mane extract was able to increase NGF levels in the brain and improve cognitive function in mice. So, if you're looking for a natural way to support your cognitive health, lion's mane may be a good choice. Thanks for reading!
Do Lion's Mane Supplements really Work?
There is some evidence that lion's mane supplements can improve cognitive function. One study showed that lion's mane extract was able to improve memory and protect the brain from age-related damage. So, if you're looking for a natural way to support your cognitive health, lion's mane may be a good choice. Thanks for reading!
Irritable bowel syndrome RELIEF: 6 ways glutamine can help, according to a new study
May 07, 2019 01:58 PM
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) doesn't just cause uncomfortable digestive symptoms, but it also can result in intestinal hyper-permeability, which decreases the rate in which your body can absorb vitamins and nutrients that are required to thrive. An amino acid called glutamine can help by reducing the rate in which intestinal hyper-permeability occurs, allowing your system to absorb primary nutrients in a much more effective manner. It also showed to reduce the symptoms of IBS all-around.
"In the quest to find natural solutions for IBS or digestive upset, adding a glutamine supplement to a well-balanced diet could be the next key step."
Read more: https://www.naturalhealth365.com/glutamine-gut-health-2785.html
Study: Taking protein supplements before going to the gym can leadto improved post-workout burn
May 03, 2019 04:08 PM
Recent research published in the Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition indicates that taking your protein supplement before working out can help increase your body’s fat oxidation. In a study of 11 college-aged males who took either whey or casein protein supplements prior to moderate exercise, it was found that both post-exercise fat oxidation and post-exercise energy consumption improved. Casein has more of an impact in this study than whey. This strongly suggests you should take your protein supplement before exercising.
"Published in the Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, the study looked at the effect of taking protein supplements before exercise on fat oxidation and energy expenditure during and after a bout of moderate-intensity exercise. Previous research has shown that pre-exercise protein consumption may promote fat oxidation, at the same time, minimize protein degradation during exercise."
Read more: https://www.naturalnews.com/2019-03-26-protein-supplements-before-gym-improve-post-workout-burn.html
Beta-alanine supplementation relieves fatigue, increases musclecarnosine
May 02, 2019 03:37 PM
It has been found in a study that supplementing with beta-alanine can increase muscle carnosine and relieve fatigue. The study was published in the journal Nutrition Research and the team looked at the effects of beta-alanine supplementation on performance, L-histidine, and muscle carnosine in both women and men. This confirms earlier studies that supplementing with beta-alanine increases muscle carnosine, therefore improving the capacity of the muscles to buffer during intense exercise. The research team emphasized their comparison on the differences between women and men, and recruited 26 men and women who were given a placebo or beta-alanine for 28 days. It was shown that beta-alanine really increased muscle carnosine but the differences between men and women were unclear.
"The findings of the study suggested that supplementing with beta-alanine for 28 days can increase muscle carnosine and relieve fatigue in men and women, but did not reduce muscle L-histidine."
Read more: https://www.naturalnews.com/2019-03-19-beta-alanine-relieves-fatigue-increases-muscle-carnosine.html
Understanding the many benefits of cannabis in cancer treatment
April 24, 2019 01:42 PM
Did you know that three out of four doctors claim that they, themselves would not undergo chemotherapy as a form of treatment if they were diagnosed with cancer? It makes you think about what this invasive treatment method really does to the body if physicians will not even take part themselves. Cannabis has the ability to kill cancer cells in many situations, without causing the same weakening of the body that is seen when patients undergo chemotherapy.
"While doctors like to promote the idea that there are no treatments scientifically proven to work besides the usual surgery/chemotherapy/radiation regimen, the truth is there is a strong body of evidence that many natural, non-invasive treatments are effective in the fight against cancer."
Read more: https://www.naturalnews.com/2019-02-28-benefits-of-cannabis-in-cancer-treatment.html
Emerging research finds inositol to be an effective treatment forpanic disorder
March 15, 2019 10:44 AM
Inositol is another name for vitamin B8, and it is showing to be highly effective in the treatment of panic disorder. Taking doses of approximately 20 grams per day has shown to reduce both the frequency and severity of panic attacks that those with the disorder experience. In a recent study, inositol was shown to be just as effective as fluvoxamine in treating panic disorder. Inositol has also shown to help in treating Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD).
"However, based on the results of study, a type of sugar called inositol could be used to reduce the frequency of these panic attacks."
Read more: https://www.naturalnews.com/2019-01-19-inositol-for-panic-disorder.html
Optimize your health with these 11 delicious superfoods (that you can consume in one drink)
March 13, 2019 01:26 PM
We hear the term superfood tossed around a lot now, but some foods really have shown to truly boost our immune systems and improve our overall health. For example, moringa is a plant that gives advantages such as replacing the amino acids that should be present within your system. This is also known as a horseradish tree in more common terminology. The moringa also helps fight high off high levels of inflammation and free radicals.
"If you want to get more mileage out of your meals, superfoods are the way to go."
Read more: https://www.naturalnews.com/2018-12-14-optimize-your-health-with-these-11-delicious-superfoods.html
Broccoli is one of the best detoxifying foods you'll ever find
February 20, 2019 01:17 PM
Broccoli can really help your body’s ability to expel harmful toxins that you ingest or breathe in According to recent research, post-menopausal women who ate lots of cruciferous vegetables like broccoli showed a substantially lower risk of breast cancer, perhaps because broccoli improved their livers’ ability to detoxify their bodies. Likewise, a 12-week Johns Hopkins University study of almost 300 people in a heavily polluted part of rural China found that broccoli made their bodies much more efficient at excreting dangerous compounds like benzene and acrolein.
"These detoxifying benefits of broccoli can be attributed to the presence of phytonutrients called glucoraphanin, gluconasturtiian, and glucobrassicin."
Read more: https://www.naturalnews.com/2019-02-12-broccoli-is-one-of-the-best-detoxifying-foods.html
Can Apple Cider Vinegar really help you lose weight?
February 19, 2019 07:53 AM
People have trusted apple cider vinegar to help them shed those unwanted pounds for many years now after a fly by night company brought claims of its benefit to lose weight. But, have we all been duped or can apple cider vinegar really help those pounds come off? In a test conducted using mice and rats, weight loss did occur when given apple cider vinegar. Scientist say that it is true and yu can lose weight when using this product!
"They reported that acetic acid could prevent the build-up of body fat and lipids in the animals."
Read more: https://www.naturalnews.com/2018-12-20-can-acv-really-help-you-lose-weight.html
Systematic review studies the potential of black seed in loweringblood pressure
February 15, 2019 10:25 AM
Blood pressure, that one health problem you always hear about but really don’t have that much knowledge on. In a new study, research published by the journal of hypertension shows that black seed may be a potential aid in helping lower that blood pressure. The article reviews the basics of the study and provides you with uses and common ways to find black seed. It additionally provides you with a few extra foods that can help lower your blood pressure overall.
"Ten of these RCTs compared black seed with placebo and one compared black seed with standard treatment. They also looked at the associations between blood pressure reduction and the duration of treatment, dosage of black seed, and type of black seed."
Read more: https://www.naturalnews.com/2019-02-10-systematic-review-studies-the-potential-of-black-seed-in-lowering-blood-pressure.html
Accumulating evidence suggests curcumin and turmeric can treatpsychiatric disorders
January 28, 2019 08:10 AM
There are so many people out there that are suffering from mental disorders. There have always been these types of people and the treatment for them has remained largely the same. They go and they talk to people who try to help them deal with their inner demons. However, it is really tough. Now, there are studies that are showing that curcumin and turmeric can actually help treat these individuals who have these disorders. This would be massive for them.
"Thankfully, researchers have discovered that a compound in the popular Indian spice turmeric has the potential to effectively treat psychiatric disorders like bipolar disorder and depression."
Read more: https://www.naturalnews.com/2018-12-06-accumulating-evidence-curcumin-turmeric-treat-psychiatric-disorders.html
Scientists find GARLIC may treat lingering Lyme disease
January 28, 2019 08:10 AM
Garlic is one of those things that has a lot of health benefits. People underestimate diet and the massive effect that it can have on someone's body and piece of mind. These scientists are constantly doing studies that indicate that certain foods can be considered natural remedies. They are being proven to help people with certain diseases and the truth of the matter is that garlic is one of the main substances that is getting good reviews.
"Known as persistent Lyme infection, it can last for months or even years, but now scientists from Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health have found a natural solution that could finally put it to rest."
Read more: https://www.naturalnews.com/2018-12-08-scientists-find-garlic-treat-lingering-lyme-disease.html
Here are some of the best vegan-friendly protein sources
January 27, 2019 04:33 PM
Vegan diets are something that is really in fashion right now. Years ago, very few people were following vegan diets. People did not pay much attention to it but now, due to social media and marketing, these diets are getting more and more hype. As a result, you should try to make sure you are getting all the nutrients you need when on this diet. It is only natural for there to be some kind of nutrient deficiency when on this sort of meal plan.
"Following a vegetarian or (the stricter) vegan lifestyle is rewarding, but it also comes with some challenges. Foregoing meat means you lose out on a major source of protein, but the list below includes other Paleo meat-free sources of this crucial nutrient."
Read more: https://www.naturalnews.com/2018-12-08-best-vegan-friendly-protein-sources.html
Powerful organic compounds in cannabis can slash some cancers by 50%, researchers say!
January 19, 2019 10:52 AM
Terpenes is a compound found in citrus fruits, rosemary, frankincense, and cannabis. Because it includes many compounds including THC, ketones, esters, lactones, and THC not found together in the same rate in other plants, it is a better health treatment than anything created by the pharmacy companies. Terpenes also has limonene and pinene, which help with anti-inflammation in healing cancers, and reducing stress. Joy Smith shares a story of having cancer, trying chemotherapy and being given just weeks to live, but attributes cannabis oil to saving her.
"Medical marijuana is a booming industry, and the use value of cannabis just continues to expand as we learn more about this heavily prohibited, but clearly medicinal, plant."
Read more: https://www.naturalnews.com/2018-11-23-organic-compounds-in-medical-cannabis-slash-some-cancers.html
Why people love CBD - the cannabis product that won't get you high
January 19, 2019 10:48 AM
The CBD market is booming after the recent legalization of marijuana in many states. CBD is short for cannabidiol which is a compound found in cannabis and hemp plants. It is not a psychoactive- you do not get high from ingestion. It is commonly used to treat anxiety and insomnia. Further studies are being conducted to research its efficiency against arthritis and epilepsy. CBD is normally extracted into an oil or cream, but can be sold in a variety of products.
"So, what exactly is CBD — and why are you able to get your hands on it even if you don't live in a state where cannabis is legal?"
Read more: https://www.cnbc.com/2018/11/09/what-is-cbd-these-popular-cannabis-products-wont-get-you-high.html
Papayas can be used to reduce inflammation across your entire body
January 18, 2019 09:05 AM
Many people experience a chance in their body as they get older. It is natural and it happens over a longer period of time. Some people deal with it better than others but the truth of the matter is that there are ways to combat issues that come on to people. In regards to inflammation, this is an issue commonly seen in modern times. It is really hard for some to deal with it but papayas is something that is getting a lot of hype in the medicinal world as a way to treat this problem.
"Papayas are commonly used in traditional medicine. However, due to recent discoveries about their various health benefits, modern pharmaceutical industries have decided to look into the possible medicinal applications of the papaya."
Read more: https://www.naturalnews.com/2018-12-06-papayas-can-be-used-to-reduce-inflammation-in-your-body.html
Is chlorella the most potent superfood?
January 17, 2019 11:05 AM
In recent times, there has been a large increase in the interest of super foods. These foods are interesting in many ways as they have a lot of nutrients that can be helpful for the people that want to have them. However, this new super food is getting a lot of attention. Chlorella is relatively new to the people in the world of dieting but as it pertains to super foods, it is at the very top when it comes to potency.
"Commonly referred to as a superfood or the “perfect food,” it has an incredibly comprehensive nutrient profile and could be considered the healthiest superfood on the planet."
Read more: https://www.naturalnews.com/2018-11-20-is-chlorella-the-most-potent-superfood.html
Get Your Hot Chocolate Fix and Smash Chronic Inflammation at theSame Time
January 16, 2019 01:51 PM
Hot chocolate is something that is very ingrained with the holiday season. Sitting around with the family drinking some hot cocoa is something that is so aligned with Christmas and all of the holidays that take place in December. For the people that love hot chocolate, they love this time period. However, if you, or people you know, are suffering from chronic inflammation, then you should be careful with the things that you drink. However, studies show that hot cocoa in moderation could be good for this!
"Tis the season for crackling fires, snowball fights, and warm and delicious hot chocolate. But, how do you make yours? Do you rip open a package and pour hot water over something that claims to be hot chocolate?"
Read more: https://www.thealternativedaily.com/hot-chocolate-fix-smash-chronic-inflammation/
6 Ways to Use Coconut Oil This Winter for Awesome Hair and Skin
January 12, 2019 08:38 AM
As the winter season comes around, some people really start to worry about their hair and skin. For some, it is hard to maintain their hair when it gets cold. When it is really cold outside, the hair on some individuals reacts in a different way. This can be really hard for people. Also, skin is another thing that can be affected. Now, studies are showing that coconut oil can be the thing that fixes this issue for some people.
"Sure, you can lather on creams and conditioners but what you really want to do is to feed your skin and your hair with a high nutrient, moisturizing, and protecting compound that will give it shine, body, silkiness, and life."
Nutritional benefits that prove moringa really is a "miracle tree"
January 09, 2019 09:15 AM
Known as the miracle tree, the moringa plant has many health benefits derived from its pods, leaves, and seeds. Moringa is grown in northern India and is commonly used by natives in cooking. The seeds of the moringa are rich in both antioxidants and anti-inflammatories, making it very beneficial for those with ulcerative colitis and other GI conditions. Moringa seeds have also been shown to decrease blood sugar levels, making it the perfect superfood for diabetics or those at-risk. Furthermore, moringa seeds can help decrease one’s risk of developing breast, colon, and liver cancers by suppressing the spread of cancer cells.
"Moringa is a good source of healthy monounsaturated fats that lower bad cholesterol and consequently reduce the risk of heart disease. Previous studies have also shown that moringa seeds protect heart cells from damage induced by oxidative stress and excessive inflammation."
Read more: https://www.naturalnews.com/2019-01-03-nutritional-benefits-that-prove-moringa-really-is-a-miracle-tree.html
4 Health Benefits Of Vitamin C - Medical Daily
December 21, 2018 09:13 AM
Everyone know that Vitamin C is really healthy and has a lot of use cases. It is something that everyone should have on a consistent basis and incorporate it into their daily in take. The benefits from this Vitamin are actually very simple. They help fight off illnesses and make it far less likely for you to catch any kind of disease. In other words, it helps fortify the immune system. Also, it can allow for your skin to look more healthy.
"The recommended daily intake of vitamin C for adults is in the range of 65 to 90 milligrams per day."
Read more: https://www.medicaldaily.com/4-health-benefits-vitamin-c-428847
Nutritionists say you should eat more cinnamon if you're diabetic
December 20, 2018 08:01 AM
For people who are suffering from diabetes, it is a really hard thing. There are a lot of people out there that are naive to what it actually means to be diabetic. These people do not have it easy at all and over time, it only gets harder. The process becomes more routine but it does not get any less taxing on the body. Also, cinnamon is something that is recommended by nutritionists for people who are diabetic.
"Now that the holidays are fast approaching, the smell of cinnamon will fill the air once again. This spice, commonly added to baked goods, is well loved around the world because of its delicious taste. In a recent study, a group of Malaysian researchers from the Asian Institute of Medicine, Science and Technology (AIMST) University has found more reasons for people to enjoy foods with this spice."
Read more: https://www.naturalnews.com/2018-12-06-nutritionists-say-you-should-eat-more-cinnamon-if-youre-diabetic.html
Vitamin A is a powerful antioxidant that can slow down the processof aging
December 14, 2018 01:45 PM
There a ton of different ways in which someone can attempt to slow down the process of healing for their particular body. Everyone will age differently and it comes down to a lot of different things. Lifestyle, circumstance, and genetics are all major factors into how someone ages. However, you can better your chances of aging well if you really try to take your vitamins. Vitamin A is one that has been proven to help people in the aging process.
"Taking vitamin A is not just good for improving and maintaining your eyes. It brings a host of health benefits involving many other important parts of the body."
Read more: https://www.naturalnews.com/2018-12-09-vitamin-a-slows-down-aging.html
Garlic the master medicine: Scientists find a compound in the herbthat can destroy resistant bacteria
December 14, 2018 09:05 AM
Garlic is something that is present in many different types of foods on a regular basis. It is very interesting to see how many people like garlic and use it for different things. However, now garlic is being used for something a little bit more new. Within the herb, scientists have found really promising compounds that could help ruin bacteria. This is revolutionary for people who suffer from a lot of bacteria and the results are continuing to come in.
"The researchers say that they believe their garlic drug could help treat patients whose outlook is otherwise poor. A biotech firm is developing the compound for use against bacterial infections, and human clinical trials are expected to be carried out soon."
Read more: https://www.naturalnews.com/2018-11-15-garlic-medicine-scientists-find-compound-destroy-resistant-bacteria.html
4 health benefits of drinking Okra Water and how to make your ownat home
December 12, 2018 09:09 AM
Okra water is one of those things that is getting a lot of hype right now. People are talking about it and really feel as if it better than the typical water that you would get in the store. First and foremost, Okra water is rich in fiber. If you have a deficiency in this area, this kind of water can help solve that for you. Also, it is now possible for you to make your own Okra water at home.
"A 2015 study published in Nutrients found that, in combination with daily physical activity, adding okra to your diet can enable you to exercise longer without tiring as quickly and recover faster."
Read more: https://www.healthnutnews.com/4-health-benefits-of-drinking-okra-water-and-how-to-make-your-own-at-home/
12 Benefits and Uses of Argan Oil
December 12, 2018 09:09 AM
Argan oil is getting a lot of attention in recent years. It is something that is used by a lot of people all over the world. With that being said, there are plenty of countries who do not use it religiously. Some of the benefits of this oil include the moisturizing of your skin and the ability to slow down the aging process for some people. The use of oil is a practice that goes back for many years.
"One test-tube study applied polyphenolic compounds from argan oil to prostate cancer cells. The extract inhibited cancer cell growth by 50% compared to the control group (14)."
Read more: https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/argan-oil
Use apple cider vinegar if you have eczema
December 10, 2018 09:13 AM
For people who have eczema, they know that it can be a big nuisance to deal with it. Eczema really affects the skin and it is very common to see the skin get worse when someone is diagnosed with this disease. This is where apple cider vinegar can come in and play a really big role. It is something that can help restore the skin's acidity level and allow for the skin to look more and more healthy.
"Also called dermatitis, eczema is rooted in a number of causes, such as inflammation. However, the results are fairly similar."
Read more: https://www.naturalnews.com/2018-12-04-use-apple-cider-vinegar-if-you-have-eczema.html
4 amazing reasons to take manuka honey
December 07, 2018 09:35 AM
Honey is something that is very popular around the world. For many cultures, honey is so prevalent. It is always present in foods and it is something that people find to have a lot of use cases. For that reason, many people are starting to come on to manuka honey. This sort of honey is a little bit different than the honey that you find in your grocery store. With that being said, this one is good for your immune system and offers lots of nutrients.
"Manuka honey, which is produced in New Zealand and some parts of Australia, has gained immense popularity in recent years due to its many health benefits."
Read more: https://www.naturalnews.com/2018-12-05-4-amazing-reasons-to-take-manuka-honey.html
The essential oil of myrrh is a powerful natural medicine for woundmanagement
December 06, 2018 04:52 PM
Myrrh is a oil that is being used as a really powerful medicine for the managing of wounds. This oil is something that some people think is useless while others absolutely swear by it. Having something that has a natural use case is sometimes better than other medicines because there is nothing artificially placed within these oils. Obviously, it depends on the type of wound that you do have and how severe it is. Doctors are using these natural oils more and more.
"Most people know myrrh as an aromatic, but not so much as a natural medicinal treatment. A study in the Ethiopian Pharmaceutical Journal, however, has proven that it does have remarkable medicinal benefits, among which are faster healing from wounds and protection from bacterial infections."
Read more: https://www.naturalnews.com/2018-11-20-essential-oil-of-myrrh-for-wound-management.html
Vitamin K Deficiency, Foods & Health Benefits
December 06, 2018 04:33 PM
While most people know about Vitamin C and what it does for you, not everyone is as aware about Vitamin K. Vitamin K is something that not many people incorporate into their diet on a daily basis. However, they really should. If you do not make a conscious effort to have it, you have suffer from Vitamin K deficiency. There are food and health benefits that come with Vitamin K and with that, people should try to have it more.
"Below we’ll talk about the best ways to prevent or overcome vitamin K deficiency— such as improving the concentration of vitamin K in your diet by eating more vitamin K-rich foods , treating underlying health problems and adjusting your medication use if needed."
Read more: https://sznewskfg.com/vitamin-k-deficiency-foods-health-benefits/
Barley being studied as a potential cure for diabetes
December 06, 2018 10:16 AM
Diabetic people really struggle to deal with the upkeep of their everyday lives. It is something that it common in the world today but for the individuals who have never had diabetes, they do not know how hard it is. Every single day requires hard work and upkeep and it is a process that can get a bit grueling. However, there is more hope coming out of medicinal circles as barley is being touted as a potential cure.
"This is especially helpful since crops with antidiabetic potential can easily be incorporated into a person’s diet. Barley is a cereal grain that is widely consumed worldwide because of its high nutritional content and its many health benefits, which potentially includes antidiabetic activity."
Read more: https://www.naturalnews.com/2018-11-22-barley-being-studied-as-a-potential-cure-for-diabetes.html
Chlorella A powerful medicinal plant that can preventinflammation-related diseases
December 05, 2018 02:53 PM
Medicine around the world is changing. Doctors and scientists are constantly looking at new ways in which they can develop something that can help people. If you are looking to prevent some inflammation diseases, there is a way to do it. However, you need to be smart and figure it out for yourself. These certain types of medicinal plants that are found in remote places in the world are working really well. Chlorella is one of those things that is getting great reviews.
"Researchers in France have found that chlorella can reduce inflammation and prevent inflammation-related diseases. In their study, the researchers looked at the benefits of chlorella on visceral pain and associated inflammatory parameters related to cystitis, an inflammation of the bladder, in mice."
Read more: https://www.naturalnews.com/2018-12-03-chlorella-can-prevent-inflammation-related-diseases.html
Why every home should have a Himalayan salt lamp
December 05, 2018 02:53 PM
The Himalayan people were a very hard working people that lived a very unique lifestyle. To this day, people from this region are very unique and they rely a lot on natural resources. If you visit the region in the modern world today, you will see all the practical things that they have. They are actually really creative for a people that others consider to be stuck in time! Every home should have one of these Himalayan salt lamps in it!
"Himalayan salt lamps are made from pink salt crystals, which are mined from the edge of the Himalayan Mountains. Their color range from light pink to pink with an orange color, depending on the mineral concentration."
Read more: https://www.naturalnews.com/2018-11-30-why-every-home-should-have-a-himalayan-salt-lamp.html
Pregnenolone: A ‘Prohormone’ t=?UTF-8?Q?hat_May_Help_Relieve_Depression?=
December 04, 2018 12:51 PM
Relieving depression is not something that comes easy for anyone. Mental health issues are real and there are millions of people around the world that are suffering from these issues. It makes it really hard to diagnose these issues as depression is something that is unique to each person. If you have experience a form of it, then you know what it is. Now, studies are showing that the taking of some pro hormones can help combat depression.
"Maybe you are looking to boost your cognitive health and want to use natural sources to stay mentally sharp. Aside from brain foods that boost focus and memory, a steroid called pregnenolone is gaining attention for its potential neuroprotective effects."
Read more: https://draxe.com/pregnenolone/
Curcumin Showing Promise In Alzheimer's Research
December 04, 2018 12:51 PM
Alzheimer's is a really terrible disease that has affected many people around the world. For anyone who has witnessed it in any type of capacity, they understand how devastating it can be. There have been a lot of studies done to try and find a cure for it but there has been no set cure found. It makes it difficult for families that are affected. Now, curcumin is getting attention as something that can help fight against the disease.
"The potential of turmeric to help combat this debilitating disease cannot be ignored by mainstream medicine any longer, effects of this and others like it must be investigated more thoroughly; and experts are describing the effects of turmeric on Alzheimer’s patients as being remarkable."
Read more: https://www.worldhealth.net/news/curcumin-showing-promise-alzheimers-research/
Supplementing with vitamin D can promote weight loss, study finds
December 03, 2018 02:03 PM
There are a lot of people out there that love to have vitamins on a daily basis. They understand all the good things that they can provide for someone and how important they can be as you get older. Diet is one of those things that is constantly not getting enough credit in the health circles of today's world. However, studies are now showing that Vitamin D can promote weight loss and help people achieve their body image goals.
"Childhood obesity has become a significant health problem around the world. Not only is it dangerous for children right now, but it also sets them up to develop serious problems later in life, such as diabetes and heart disease."
Read more: https://www.naturalnews.com/2018-11-30-supplementing-with-vitamin-d-promotes-weight-loss.html
5 Ginger Benefits for Men That You Should Know About
November 29, 2018 12:32 PM
Did you know that ginger is really beneficial for a man's health? The nutrients found in ginger helps combat erectile dysfunction and also infertility. The ginger extract helps ward off cancer cell's growth in the prostate. Ginger also contains properties that are used for treating colon cancer, a disease that affects more men than women. Ginger's nutrients also help to prevent heart disease. Finally, magnesium and manganese have been shown to stabilize blood sugar levels, which is especially helpful for diabetics.
"These properties are useful in the treatment of colon cancer. In the light of these findings, scientists are working on making a drug that contains gingerol and helps serve as an anti-cancer drug."
Read more: http://heraldoffashion.com/5-ginger-benefits-for-men-that-you-should-know-about/
This is what happens with your lungs when you diffuse essentialoils
November 29, 2018 12:32 PM
Your lungs are the key to maintaining a positive breathing tunnel in your body. Making sure your body gets enough oxygen at every minute of the day is obviously very important. Some people abuse their lungs to a point where it is very hard for them to be healthy from that point on. As a result, there are a ton of people who suffer from asthma. It is a disease that there is no cure for but there are some oils that can help treat it.
"Peppermint essential oil has decongestant and antihistamine properties that relieve asthma attacks. Exposure to allergens such as dust mites and pollen trigger your body to release histamines, which in turn trigger asthma attacks."
Read more: https://www.healthnutnews.com/this-is-what-happens-with-your-lungs-when-you-diffuse-essential-oils/
The importance of magnesium in the prevention and treatment of Type2 diabetes
November 23, 2018 02:19 PM
Type 2 diabetes is something that is really common in the world today. There seems to be so many people who are struggling from it. Doctors have found ways to deal with it and the people who have it always have to go through a process to maintain healthy sugar levels. However, the emergence of magnesium as a potential factor in the prevention and treatment of the disease is promising. By incorporating more magnesium into one's diet, it can make a big difference.
"New research published in the Journal of the American Medical Association has shown that achieving ideal magnesium intake can help prevent type 2 diabetes, as well as improve blood glucose levels in people who’ve already been diagnosed with the condition."
Read more: https://www.naturalnews.com/2018-11-13-magnesium-prevention-and-treatment-of-type-2-diabetes.html
5 Reasons why ashwagandha is an amazing healing herb
November 23, 2018 08:51 AM
A lot of natural healing herbs are getting a lot more media attention than before. It is hard to understand why but in all reality, it comes down to the individual. Some individuals really like the idea of natural remedies and they swear by them. This healing herb from India has received good reviews but doctors are not sure how effective it can be for the masses. However, if something works for you, then do not change from it.
"This medicinal herb can provide the body with a lot of benefits. Some examples include lowering blood sugar levels, improving brain function, reducing inflammation, and even preventing anxiety and depression"
Read more: https://www.naturalnews.com/2018-11-13-5-reasons-why-ashwagandha-is-an-amazing-healing-herb.html
Take echinacea at the first signs of the flu
November 22, 2018 09:20 AM
If you know what the flu feels like, then you know that it can be really bad. The suffering that some people go through as a result of having the flu is real and it can really take its toll on people. However, everyone deals with the flu a little bit differently as there is no set cure. Echinacea is something that is being said to be very good for people who are currently suffering from the flu.
"Besides being attractive, it possesses powerful health-boosting abilities that make it a good potential treatment for various common diseases, such as cold and the flu."
Read more: https://www.naturalnews.com/2018-11-20-take-echinacea-at-the-first-signs-of-the-flu.html
Delicious remedy: Licorice is a potential treatment forischemia-induced brain damage
November 20, 2018 09:51 AM
Little do people know, there are actually some large medical use cases that are related to licorice. The candy is not the favorite of many people around the world but there are some that really do like to have it on a regular basis. With that being said, it is now being considered as a potential treatment for people who have some brain damage. While the likelihood for success remains to be seen, doctors say early signs are promising.
"These days, licorice is best known as a candy flavor, but at the root of that sweetness is an actual root that holds a bevy of medicinal benefits."
Read more: https://www.naturalnews.com/2018-11-11-licorice-potential-treatment-ischemia-induced-brain-damage.html
Bitter melon can lower blood sugar levels and even prevent cancer
November 17, 2018 09:51 AM
It is important to pick foods on more qualifiers than simply what tastes good. Bitter melon is quite literally bitter, but has lasting health benefits. Bitter melon can help to lower your blood sugar and even fight cancer. A recent study shows that bitter melon can fight pancreatic cancer. In order to make the vegetable more palatable, once can cook bitter melon with more mild vegetables such as carrots. If it is really not edible to you, consider taking it in capsule form.
"When it comes to choosing healthy food, you must not decide based solely on taste."
Read more: https://www.naturalnews.com/2018-11-11-bitter-melon-can-lower-blood-sugar-and-even-prevent-cancer.html
Want stronger bones? Study finds that vitamin E is crucial to bonehealth
November 14, 2018 12:51 PM
If you want stronger bones, there is a way to do it now! Everyone is aware that the intake of vitamins is something that can improve your health. As someone who takes in a lot of vitamins, they will be able to vouch for this idea. Now, studies are showing that vitamin E is something that can be really important for your bone health. Bone health is very important and if you struggle with it, Vitamin E might be good for you.
"People who swear by the effects of vitamin E in keeping their skin healthy might soon add maintaining bone health to its long list of benefits."
Read more: https://www.naturalnews.com/2018-11-06-want-stronger-bones-vitamin-e-is-crucial-to-bone-health.html
Why every diabetic should eat more cinnamon
November 14, 2018 08:51 AM
There are some things that every diabetic should avoid like a plague. Obviously, they cannot have sugar and they should avoid things that will increase their stress levels. There are some foods that have been proven to do this and as a result, people have negative side effects. However, cinnamon is something that is really good for diabetics. It is something that can be had on a daily basis as it helps reduce stress and tastes good!
"Cinnamon, a derivative of the dried bark of Cinnamomun trees, is especially rich in antioxidants that help fight against oxidative stress and protect against diabetes."
Read more: https://www.naturalnews.com/2018-11-02-why-every-diabetic-should-eat-more-cinnamon.html
Help ward off infections and improve your immune system withoregano oil
November 13, 2018 08:51 AM
There are a lot of ways in which you can help enhance your immune system. Not everyone is blessed with a rock solid immune system in the sense that you can just fight off anything that comes your way. If you are feeling bad, your immune system will help you feel better over time. However, studies are showing that oregano oil can help sharpen your immune system. It is said to be very good to ward off infections.
"Oregano, the fragrant herb commonly used to flavor pasta and meat dishes, is renowned for its versatility in the kitchen. But did you know that it can also be transformed into an herbal oil with a wide range of benefits?"
Read more: https://www.healthnutnews.com/help-ward-off-infections-and-improve-your-immune-system-with-oregano-oil/ | <urn:uuid:b9a7e3aa-70d6-45a4-b9de-671a44402246> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://vitanetonline.com/forums/search/really/1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.954317 | 11,379 | 2.984375 | 3 |
Although U.S. cancer rates between 1980 and 2014 have fallen overall, there are parts of the country that have not seen a decrease. This information was reported in a new study conducted by the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation at the University of Washington.
The researchers found that cancer deaths fell 20 percent between 1980 and 2014, but that in some areas of the country the mortality rates increased.
Even the study’s researcher was surprised. It appears that of the United States’ 3000 counties, about 160 saw higher mortality rates than the rest of the nation. Overall, the study found that U.S. cancer mortality rates dropped from about 240 cancer deaths per 100,000 people in 1980 to 192 per 100,000 in 2014.
There were several states that saw outlying results, including Kentucky, West Virginia, Alabama, and Alaska. These increases were attributed to several factors by the researchers.
- Socioeconomic status—people with higher incomes and education levels sought medical advice.
- Access to health care—those without insurance or insufficient coverage had difficulty finding preventative services.
- Quality of care—being treated before and after an illness was a factor in care.
- Risk factors—smoking, obesity, and lack of activity also led to poorer health.
Translating this information into better public health is a challenge. “We really have no other way to guide cancer prevention and control activities other than using data” Eric Durbin, director of Cancer Informatics for the Kentucky Cancer Registry at the University of Kentucky Markey Cancer Center, said. “Otherwise, you’re just throwing money or resources at a problem without any way to measure the impact.”
Durbin also said that after seeing the results, the county was able to directly decrease colorectal cancer incidence rates. They have continued to see those impacted areas fall in each subsequent year. This just goes to show how valuable data can be when determining interventions throughout the country. | <urn:uuid:d3a28cc4-fe3e-46f2-a88a-d6f1a9a3c570> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://voice.ons.org/advocacy/us-cancer-mortality-rates-differ-across-country | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.96729 | 407 | 3.1875 | 3 |
DOE Hyperspectral Imaging for Cancer Detection
This technology using noninvasive hyperspectral imaging may detect cancerous and precancerous abnormalities in human tissue. The 3-dimensional optical imaging system employs high spectral resolution and narrow bandwidths to create highly detailed images that distinguish cancerous tissue from healthy tissues. A comparison of these tissue segments and cells permits diagnosis and delineation of suspect tissue.
Hyperspectral imaging can be used to detect cancerous tissues in all areas of the human body accessible through endoscopy:
- Oral cavity cancers – tongue, gum, mouth, tonsil, salivary gland
- Digestive system cancers – colorectal, stomach, esophagus, small intestine
- Respiratory system cancers – lung, bronchus, pleura, larynx
- Female genital cancers – corpus, ovary, vulva, uterus
This highly detailed 3-D imaging measures colors simultaneously in hundreds of spectral bands, instead of just a handful of spectral bands as with current technology. It provides objective, quantifiable data about the spectral signatures of suspect tissue to reduce reliance on subjective judgments. Other benefits of this technology include:
- Precise imaging reveals details not visible to the human eye or to other imaging techniques
- Image may accurately detect cancerous and precancerous tissue, and further discriminates tissue into multiple tissue types of categories
- Image covers large areas, minimizing risk of overlooking suspect tissue and precisely delineating tumor margins
- Miniature probe size permits noninvasive diagnosis wherever endoscope can be used
“Hyperspectral imaging methods and apparatus for non-invasive diagnosis of tissue for cancer” is covered by U.S. Patent No. 5,782,770 (Dr. Mark Wiederhold, co-inventor), issued July 21, 1998; the automated hyperspectral imaging software is U.S. Patent Pending. | <urn:uuid:5f671e59-5701-47e0-9bba-13615acd4701> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://vrphobia.com/research/doe-hyperspectral-imaging-for-cancer-detection/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.880568 | 393 | 2.890625 | 3 |
What is the Electoral College? How does it work? Why was it created?
What is one reason the electoral college is argued to be a problem for our democracy? What is one reason it is argued to be good for our democracy? (Hint: see the page devoted to the topic).
What do we mean when we say we have the “right to vote”? What are the requirements to exercise that right in the United States? (Hint: see your textbook). Identify one way the government has protected this right over the years (Hint: I promise this is found in your textbook!).
What are some methods for registering to vote? What are some limitations/restrictions on citizens completing that registration? (Hint: it varies according to state)
How do voters make decisions? What are some key factors which influence the way that they vote? Of those factors, to which doesstraight-ticket voting refer? | <urn:uuid:79b7e304-13b3-4182-94a1-bdc84b38bee6> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://w4writers.com/what-is-the-electoral-college/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.968694 | 193 | 4.03125 | 4 |
Occurrence of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli and antibiotic resistance genes in a wastewater treatment plant and its associated river water in Harare, Zimbabwe
Keywords:antibiotic resistance, wastewater treatment, Zimbabwe, Escherichia coli, antibiotic resistance genes
Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have been identified as point sources of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic-resistance genes (ARG). Due to variations in antibiotic use and prescribing patterns in different countries, it is imperative to establish the presence of ARB and ARGs in water environments on a country-by-country basis. This study investigated the occurrence of 11 antibiotic-resistance genes (QNRB, DFR14, CTX-M, KPC, Sul1, QNRA, Sul2, ERMB, ERMA, SHV, NDM), and antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli in a WWTP and its associated river water in Harare, Zimbabwe. 24 water samples were collected across 3 sites: upstream and downstream of the WWTP; final effluent of the WWTP. The samples were collected weekly for 8 weeks. Pure cultures of the E. coli isolates were obtained by membrane filtration (0.45 µm) and repeated streaking on Tryptone Bile X-glucuronide followed by biochemical tests (indole test; citrate test; motility, indole, and ornithine). Antibiotic resistance profiling was done for 12 antibiotics using the disc diffusion method. Total genomic DNA was extracted from the 21 water samples and the occurrence of 11 antibiotic-resistant genes investigated using conventional PCR. 86 E. coli isolates were obtained from the sampled sites: 28 from the upstream site, 26 from the WWTP effluent, and 32 from the downstream site. The results from chi-squared analysis showed a significant association (p < 0.05) between the sampling site and the percentage of antibiotic-resistant E. coli for all 12 antibiotics investigated. The percentage of E. coli isolates resistant to the tested antibiotics varied from 29% (ertapenem) to 80.2% (ciprofloxacin). 81 (94.2%) E. coli isolates were resistant to antibiotics from ≥3 classes. Eight (8/11, 72.7%) ARGs were detected in the WWTP effluent and river water samples. Results indicate that the investigated WWTP and associated river water are reservoirs of ARGs and antibiotic-resistant E. coli, which is a public health concern.
How to Cite
Copyright (c) 2023 Joshua Mbanga, Hilary Takawira
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
The content of this journal is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Licence. Users are permitted to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search or link to the full texts of the articles in this journal under the terms of this Licence, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author, provided the source is attributed. Copyright is retained by the authors. | <urn:uuid:5be88a64-12e1-4cf4-bced-ab4a669a2a5d> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://watersa.net/article/view/17124 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.897205 | 641 | 2.703125 | 3 |
Learn About Biotin (Vitamin B7) in 5 Minutes
Table of contents
What is biotin?
Biotin, also known as vitamin B7, is a critical component of the B vitamin complex, which is involved in energy production in the body. Biotin prevents certain types of birth defects, and it helps keep your hair, skin, and nails looking healthy.
- Improves your skin and hair health to keep you looking good
- Reduces triglycerides and cholesterol to improve your heart health
- Improves the symptoms of multiple sclerosis and defends your nervous system
- Prevents birth defects by keeping pregnant women healthy
- May reduce blood sugar in diabetics
Why we love biotin
Biotin, also known as vitamin B7, is a critical component of the B vitamin complex. In combination with the other B vitamins, biotin helps your body process energy, and this vitamin also prevents potentially fatal birth defects in babies. Plus, biotin also appears to reduce blood sugar in people who have type 2 diabetes, and this vitamin may even reduce the symptoms of multiple sclerosis, which causes dangerous and painful effects.
Even if you don’t have any serious conditions, you can still benefit from biotin’s ability to improve the looks and health of your hair, skin, and nails, and this nutrient also removes harmful components from your blood that can cause coronary artery disease and atherosclerosis. With these benefits in mind, it was a no-brainer to include this powerful B vitamin in Feel
Unbelievable benefits of biotin
Here are just a few of the scientifically-proven benefits of biotin:
When women are pregnant and breastfeeding, they need more nutrients. It’s much easier to become deficient in vitamins and minerals during these life stages, but biotin deficiency during pregnancy can have disastrous consequences.
When women don’t consume enough biotin during pregnancy, their babies are more likely to have birth defects. Specifically, biotin deficiency during pregnancy can cause neural tube defects, which can be fatal for infants. Women who get enough biotin during pregnancy are less likely to have miscarriages or give birth prematurely.
Feel Pregnancy provides a complete range of B vitamins with health benefits including support for a healthy functioning nervous system, reduction of tiredness and fatigue, and supported energy release from food.
Hair and Skin Benefits
If you have brittle nails, you should incorporate more biotin into your diet. Studies show that biotin supplementation makes your nails healthier, and this powerful B vitamin also reduces nail splitting.
When you’re deficient in biotin, your hair quality suffers. While you might not experience any increases in hair quality when you supplement with biotin without being deficient in this B vitamin, biotin supplementation in deficient individuals significantly increases hair follicle strength.
Biotin deficiency can cause a condition called seborrheic dermatitis, which makes your skin dry and scaly. Making sure that you get enough biotin can prevent this condition, and when you consume plenty of this this B vitamin when you’re pregnant, your baby has a reduced chance of developing cradle cap.
People who have diabetes have lower levels of biotin than healthy individuals. When medical researchers combined biotin and chromium and administered this mixture to people with type 2 diabetes, however, they noted a decrease in blood sugar levels.
Researchers believe that biotin is critically involved in the synthesis of myelin, which is a substance that coats and protects the components of your nervous system. Multiple sclerosis is a condition that destroys the myelin sheaths around your neurons, which leads to nervous system breakdown and severe pain. One study found that biotin administration improved symptoms in 90 percent of patients with multiple sclerosis.
Along with other B vitamins, biotin helps keep your nervous system in working order by assisting with neurotransmitter activity. Feel Focus contains 200μg of Biotin, perfect for protecting your brain, improving memory and defending against cognitive issues.
Biotin appears to reduce triglyceride levels in the body, which may prevent various forms of heart disease. This vitamin also reduces LDL-C cholesterol levels, which reduces your risk of atherosclerosis.
Is biotin water-soluble or fat-soluble?
All the nutrients in the B vitamin complex are water-soluble, and vitamin B7 is no exception. Since this nutrient is water-soluble, your body excretes it quickly, which means it’s necessary to constantly replenish your biotin levels.
Where can biotin be found naturally?
Biotin is stored in the liver of most animals so eating animal livers is one of the best ways to consume biotin. However, vegetarians can also find this nutrient in egg yolks and other types of dairy, and for vegans, biotin is available in many nuts and seeds.
5 foods/drinks containing biotin
1. Liver 138% DV per 100g
2. Peanuts 94% DV per 100g
3. Yolks 66% DV per 100g
4. Almonds 53% DV per 100g
5. Sweet potato 26% DV per 100g
What is the recommended daily intake for biotin?
The Office of Dietary Supplements recommends that both male and female adults consume approximately 30mcg of biotin per day. Adolescents should consume slightly less biotin.
What to consume to get a full daily dose of biotin?
Liver - approximately 70g
Yolks - approximately 150g
Peanuts - approximately 63g
Almonds - approximately 112g
Sweet potato - approximately 380g
Can you absorb enough of biotin from food?
Compared to other essential nutrients, it is remarkably hard to get your daily vitamin B7 intake with food. Avoiding vitamin B7 deficiency is especially hard for vegetarians and vegans; there aren’t many non-animal sources of biotin, and if you happen to have a sensitivity to nuts, consuming enough vitamin B7 every day becomes even harder.
Why is biotin necessary for your body?
The various parts of the vitamin B complex work together to process the nutrients you consume into glucose, which your body uses to transfer energy throughout your body via your bloodstream. If you don’t have enough vitamin B7, your ability to absorb other nutrients is diminished. Vitamin B7 also appears to prevent several common diseases.
Functions of biotin
Gestation aid: Biotin helps fetal development and prevents birth defects.
Hair, skin, and nails regenerator: Vitamin B7 improves hair follicle strength, prevents brittle nails, and prevents dry and scaly skin.
Blood sugar modulator: Vitamin B7 appears to help stabilise blood sugar levels in diabetics
Myelin synthesiser: Myelin coats the ends of your neurons, your body can’t produce this substance without biotin.
Symptoms of biotin deficiency
Red, Scaly Skin
Since vitamin B7 is critical to the proper maintenance of your skin cells, biotin deficiency can result in red, scaly skin on your face and on the rest of your body.
Loss of Hair Quality and Hair Loss
When you are deficient in biotin, your hair loses its strength, and it becomes more prone to falling out. Severe vitamin B7 deficiency can trigger or exacerbate hair loss in both men and women.
Fatigue and Insomnia
Deficiency in vitamin B7 alters the was that your body processes energy. This interruption of normative biological processes can result in fatigue during the day and an inability to sleep at night.
How long do you need to take biotin for to start experiencing its benefits?
Depending on your health goals, you may observe benefits from supplementing from biotin within 30-90 days.
Consistency is key and our research recommends taking your Feel supplements for at least 3 months to allow your body to adjust and provide the desired benefits.
How long does it take for your body to digest/absorb biotin?
As a water-soluble nutrient, vitamin B7 is absorbed rapidly. When you are deficient in this substance, you absorb it more slowly, but in healthy adults, approximately 90% of ingested biotin is absorbed within 24 hours.
How long does biotin stay in your body after you take it?
Your body excretes vitamin B7 rapidly, which necessitates regular ingestion of this compound. Unlike fat-soluble nutrients, biotin does not build up or store in your body.
Is biotin an antioxidant?
No, vitamin B7 is not an antioxidant. While antioxidants fight free radicals and help reduce inflammation, biotin does not perform these functions.
Can you overdose on biotin? What are the effects?
Since biotin is a water-based nutrient, it is exceedingly hard to overdose on this vitamin. Overdosing on vitamin B7 is further made unlikely by the relatively low concentrations of this substance present in food. Common symptoms of biotin overdose include allergic reactions in your skin such as flushing, itchiness, and rashes. Ensure that you do not exceed your RDA of biotin to avoid overdose symptoms.
Does biotin dissolve, flush out, or build up in the body?
Biotin does not build up in your body. Instead, it is rapidly flushed out of your system.
Can you take biotin during a diet?
Vitamin B7 itself does not interfere with diets, but many of the sources of this nutrient may violate your dietary restrictions. Therefore, it is best to consume this nutrient in an oral supplement form.
Are there synthetic forms of biotin?
Yes, out of the eight types of biotin, seven are synthetic. Only D-biotin (or biotin D) is natural.
Why might synthetic forms of biotin be better?
Scientific research has not identified any advantages of consuming synthetic biotin. Since genuine D-biotin is hard to extract, however, there may be economic advantages to producing and marketing synthetic vitamin B7.
Absorption rate of synthetic biotin
No scientific data are available on absorption rate differences between synthetic and natural biotin. However, some sources contend that biotin isolate, which is present in most supplements, may be less effective and offer inferior absorption.
Why might natural forms of biotin be better?
There is evidence suggesting that the effectiveness of vitamin B7 is increased when it is ingested with other B vitamins. It’s also possible that natural biotin is more bioavailable than synthetic vitamin B7, which means that more of it is absorbed prior to excretion.
How to take biotin
Vitamin B7 is taken orally; it is not absorbed by the hair, skin, or other organs. Due to the scarcity of biotin sources, oral supplementation may be the best way to ensure you consume enough vitamin B7 on a daily basis.
Biotin trends in medicine
Recently, scientists have been experimenting with vitamin B7 as a multiple sclerosis drug. According to preliminary research, high doses of biotin may be able to reduce the symptoms of MS, but less than 15% of the test subjects showed favourable results. Even so, new applications of this vitamin are appearing every day.
Why everyone should be taking WeAreFeel supplements
Biotin is one of the hardest supplements to source from food, and if you are a vegetarian or a vegan, you need to be taking Feel to avoid biotin deficiency. Becoming deficient in this essential nutrient is especially dangerous for pregnant women since it can result in birth defects. Feel includes exactly how much biotin you need without providing any opportunity for overdosing; to make sure you have enough biotin to stay healthy, take Feel every day!
Here’s the Proof
- Dietary biotin deficiency affects reproductive function and prenatal development in hamsters.
- Treatment of brittle fingernails and onychoschizia with biotin: scanning electron microscopy.
- Biotin and biotinidase deficiency
- Dermatologic signs of biotin deficiency leading to the diagnosis of multiple carboxylase deficiency.
- Therapeutic Evaluation of the Effect of Biotin on Hyperglycemia in Patients with Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus.
- Chromium picolinate and biotin combination reduces atherogenic index of plasma in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a placebo-controlled, double-blinded, randomised clinical trial.
- Targeting demyelination and virtual hypoxia with high-dose biotin as a treatment for progressive multiple sclerosis.
- High doses of biotin in chronic progressive multiple sclerosis: a pilot study.
- Biotin supplementation reduces plasma triacylglycerol and VLDL in type 2 diabetic patients and in nondiabetic subjects with hypertriglyceridemia. | <urn:uuid:9518d92e-76f8-4a62-9d11-3879dd22189f> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://wearefeel.com/blogs/learn/what-is-vitamin-b7-biotin | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.924817 | 2,663 | 2.828125 | 3 |
Gleaning is the act of collecting leftover crops after harvest and is still practised today. It has its roots as an ancient right and is even mentioned in the Bible. It was once a seasonal activity of commoners (landless residents), who were allowed by the landowner to gather crop remains.
This was a necessary boost, where livelihoods of those living off the land were largely dictated by seasons and favourable weather. Traditionally in the UK this was wheat for bread, and roots.
Gathering the gleanings was mainly done by women, children and the infirm, despite it often being back-breaking work. The church bells would ring to mark the start and the end of the gleaning sessions. In good years, it could provide enough wheat for the harvester to make bread for the year.
Gleaning events were also a time for socialising and celebrating, with processions to the field and the choosing of a ‘gleaning queen’, bringing a social dimension to what would otherwise be plain old hard graft.
Around 4,000 acts of parliament, from 1760 to 1870 transferred around one sixth the area of England into private ownership. Gleaning was a casualty of this movement to make property truly private and the legal right to glean was effectively rescinded after the Steel versus Houghton court decision in 1788.
The labour demands of the industrial revolution and the introduction of mechanical harvesting further diminished profitable gleaning and this compounded an increasingly precarious existence in the countryside that led to mass migration to the cities.
This disconnection from the land as people were displaced to cities was an act of social vandalism. It disempowered those who were previously managing their own food resources in the countryside. In parallels with many of the present-day food insecure, their staple food in the city was cheap bread, in this case made from cheap imported corn.
Community connections forged by the traditions associated with the agrarian life also fractured. Both the collaborative nature of peasant farming pre-enclosure and the act of gleaning were not just ways of feeding oneself; they brought dignity and social connectivity.
The pandemic, like the enclosures, has been a huge social upheaval. It has given many of us a fresh perspective on the power of community connection through the proliferation of mutual aid groups and a renewed appreciation for the work of farmers in feeding us.
It also connected us with feelings of injustice when witnessing the (at times) poor provision for the food insecure. Let’s channel this anger positively and build on shaping food security centred on dignity for all. | <urn:uuid:eec3097d-c32c-4970-bc33-93a6256e62e1> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://wickedleeks.riverford.co.uk/opinion/what-can-we-glean-from-the-loss-of-the-commons/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.977562 | 525 | 3.53125 | 4 |
1. Enhance Your Coding Skills
Coding is a valuable skill in the digital era. You can use your spare time in class to enhance your coding abilities. There are numerous online platforms that provide interactive coding exercises.
Codecademy, for instance, offers a variety of coding languages to learn from. You can practice Python, Java, or even web development subjects like HTML and CSS. It’s an engaging way to spend your time and gain a valuable skill.
FreeCodeCamp is another great platform. It is an open-source community where you can learn to code for free. The platform covers a wide range of coding topics, all while encouraging its users to help nonprofits.
Don’t worry if you’re a beginner. Most of these platforms cater to various skill levels, from novice to advanced. The structured learning process makes it easy to follow along.
2. Explore Creative Writing
Creative writing can be an engaging pastime during a dull class. It’s a great way to express your thoughts, ideas, and emotions. You never know, you might end up discovering a hidden passion!
Start with writing a blog post about a topic you’re passionate about. It could be about tech, food, fashion, or anything you like. You can even start your own blog using platforms like WordPress or Blogger.
Alternatively, try your hand at poetry or crafting a short story. It’s a fun exercise that encourages you to think outside the box. Plus, it’s a great way to improve your writing skills.
Consider sharing your writing on platforms like Medium or Wattpad. Who knows, you might even gain a following!
3. Engage in Online Learning
Online learning is a constructive way to spend your time during a boring lecture. There are countless online platforms that offer a myriad of courses. You can learn about anything from coding to cooking!
Platforms like Coursera, Udemy, and Khan Academy offer a diverse range of subjects. You can choose a course that aligns with your interests or career goals.
Remember, learning is not limited to academic subjects. It could be a language, a musical instrument, or even a craft. The possibilities are endless!
4. Organize Your Future Plans
Use this time to plan your future. It’s always beneficial to have clear goals and a plan to achieve them. Organizing your thoughts can help you gain clarity and focus.
You could start by listing down your short-term and long-term goals. Then, create a detailed action plan on how to achieve them. Keep your plan realistic and attainable.
You could also use this time to research career options. Look up potential job roles, required skills, and growth opportunities. This research can help guide your academic decisions.
5. Indulge in Virtual Networking
Virtual networking can be a beneficial activity to engage in. It allows you to connect with professionals and gain industry insights.
Platforms like LinkedIn and Twitter provide opportunities for networking. You can follow industry leaders, participate in discussions, and share your thoughts.
Remember to maintain a professional demeanor. Make sure your online presence is clean and presents you in a positive light.
Consider joining online communities and forums. They can be a great source of information and networking opportunities.
Boredom in class can actually be an opportunity in disguise. You can use this time to engage in productive activities and enhance your skills. Whether it’s coding, writing, learning, planning, or networking, there are endless possibilities to explore.
Q: What are some platforms for learning coding?
A: Codecademy and FreeCodeCamp are excellent platforms for learning coding.
Q: How can I start creative writing?
A: You can start by writing a blog post, a poem, or a short story about a topic you’re passionate about.
Q: What are some good online learning platforms?
A: Coursera, Udemy, and Khan Academy offer a diverse range of online courses.
Q: How can I organize my future plans?
A: Start by listing down your short-term and long-term goals. Then, create a detailed action plan on how to achieve them.
Q: How can I engage in virtual networking?
A: Platforms like LinkedIn and Twitter provide opportunities for networking. Joining online communities and forums can also be beneficial. | <urn:uuid:35723014-a566-4d8e-962f-479d245ec038> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://windowshelper.org/how-to-engage-in-5-stimulating-activities-when-bored-in-class-with-a-computer/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.908878 | 910 | 2.75 | 3 |
Error pennies are unique coins that were minted improperly. These coins may have various anomalies such as missing mint marks, doubled dies, or even off-center strikes. There is an entire subsection of numismatics, the study of coins, that is dedicated to these mishaps in production. Coin collectors, or numismatists, often seek out these error coins due to their scarcity and individuality. Each error penny is a one-of-a-kind product of an unexpected event during the minting process, making them an interesting addition to any collection.
Why Are Error Pennies Valuable?
Error pennies command a higher value in the market due to their rarity and the unique stories they tell. They are the result of mistakes made during the minting process, which are not commonly released into circulation. Collectors put a premium on these coins because they represent a unique piece of history and often provide fascinating insights into the minting process. The value of error pennies can range from a few dollars to several thousands, depending on the type of error and the coin’s condition.
Step by Step Guide in Identifying Error Pennies
Identifying error pennies requires a discerning eye and attention to detail.
First, you need to familiarize yourself with the normal appearance of the penny. This includes the design, size, weight, and edge details.
Next, look for any deviations from the standard, such as double images, missing parts, or misalignments. A magnifying glass or a coin loupe can aid in this inspection process.
You may also need to consult numismatic references or websites to verify your findings.
Remember that not all anomalies are errors; some might be due to post-mint damage or alteration.
Types of Error Pennies
There are numerous types of error pennies, but some are more valuable than others. The top 10 include the 1955 Double Die Lincoln, 1972 Double Die Obverse, 1995 Double Die Obverse, 1969-S Double Die Obverse, 1984 Double Ear Lincoln, 1992 Close AM Reverse, 1983 Double Die Reverse, 1999 Wide AM Reverse, 1960 Small Date Over Large Date, and the 1944 Steel Lincoln Penny. Each of these coins has a unique misprint or mishap that makes it highly sought after by collectors.
Estimated Values of Top 10 Error Pennies
The estimated values of these top 10 error pennies vary widely. For instance, the 1955 Double Die Lincoln can fetch anywhere from $1,000 to $25,000 depending on its condition. Meanwhile, the 1944 Steel Lincoln Penny, a result of an error where a few Lincoln pennies were struck on zinc-coated steel planchets instead of copper ones, can be worth up to $110,000. However, the exact value of an error penny is largely determined by its condition and market demand at the time of sale.
Proper Handling and Storage of Error Pennies
Proper handling and storage of error pennies is crucial to maintaining their condition and value. It’s advisable to hold coins by their edges to avoid damaging the surfaces. When storing, use coin holders, tubes, or albums designed for coin preservation. Avoid exposing the coins to harsh chemicals, extreme temperatures, or moisture. Regularly clean your storage area to prevent dust accumulation. Remember, a coin in better condition often commands a higher value in the market.
Where to Find Valuable Error Pennies?
Finding valuable error pennies can require some hunting. They can be found in circulation, in old coin collections, or purchased from coin dealers and auctions. Checking your change regularly can sometimes yield surprising finds. You can also visit local coin shows or join coin collecting clubs for opportunities to view and trade for these unique coins.
Avoiding Counterfeit Error Pennies
Unfortunately, the market is rife with counterfeit error pennies. To avoid falling prey to these frauds, it’s important to verify the authenticity of any coin you acquire. Consider seeking the assistance of a professional coin grading service for high-value coins. Educate yourself about common counterfeiting techniques and always buy from reputable dealers. Remember, if a deal seems too good to be true, it probably is.
The Thrill of Hunting Error Pennies
Collecting error pennies can be a thrilling hobby. Not only does it offer the potential for financial rewards, but it also provides an opportunity to own a unique piece of history. Each error coin is a testament to the unpredictability of the minting process and a testament to the rich history of coinage. Whether you’re a seasoned numismatist or a novice, the hunt for these error pennies can be a fulfilling and exciting endeavor.
In the end, the thrill of hunting error pennies lies in the chase and the story each coin tells. Even though it requires patience and a keen eye, the hunt can yield exceptional rewards. Remember to handle and store your coins properly to maintain their value. Stay informed, be vigilant against counterfeits, and remember to enjoy the journey.
Q: What is the most valuable error penny?
A: The 1943 Copper Lincoln is considered one of the most valuable error pennies, with one example selling for $1.7 million in 2010.
Q: Can I find valuable error pennies in my change?
A: Yes, it’s possible. While it’s rare, some error pennies have been found in regular circulation.
Q: How can I tell if my coin is an error penny?
A: You’ll need to closely inspect the coin for any deviations from a standard penny. This could include double imagery, missing parts, or misalignments. A coin loupe or magnifying glass can be helpful.
Q: Is every error penny valuable?
A: No, not all error pennies are valuable. The value depends on the type of error, the rarity of the coin, its condition, and the demand in the collector’s market. | <urn:uuid:b0988001-148c-4f19-8124-0a7a9705948d> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://windowshelper.org/ways-to-identify-the-top-10-valuable-error-pennies-comprehensive-illustrated-guide/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.920424 | 1,225 | 2.703125 | 3 |
This term, students from Ms Lipczyk’s and Mr Lamshed & Ms Shevchenko’s classes have been working on a history project looking at migrant stories.
For the project, students needed to take on the identity of a person who has migrated to Australia. As this person, students created a collection of items to help them tell their story. In this collection they have items that remind them of home, some that remind you of why they left and some that represent their new lives and the challenges of moving to Australia.
The project required students to look at factors that have contributed to people migrating to Australia (for example economic migrants and political refugees) and also looked at identifying primary and secondary sources of information.
Our students have all presented their projects individually and this week, their work was presented in an ‘expo’ for other students to look at and give feedback on.
I think that the expo was very good. It was great to have students from other classes ask questions about our work. It made us think harder about what we had learned. Toby, Room 19
Doing this project I have learned lots about migration and the reason that people decide to move from their home countries. At the expo, we had to be able to explain our learning to other people. This meant that we had to know what we were talking about really well. Marc, Room 25
Before we started this project, I didn’t understand the events that lead to migration, but now, I semi feel like a historian. After hearing that another teacher wants to borrow my memoir as a class novel, it’s inspired me to pursue writing. It could be a full out novel one day! I actually feel my character. I know my character inside out. I’ve lived my character’s story and emotions, which totally helped me understand World War Two better. Emily, Room 19
I really enjoyed being part of the expo and sharing the different presentations. Watching and listening to other peoples projects, I learned about a lot of different things instead of just what I was researching. Josh, Room 25 | <urn:uuid:7ba3f387-79d4-4f2d-a64f-dc4437849c68> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://woodendprimaryschool.edublogs.org/2015/04/02/migrant-stories-room-19-25-history-projects/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.984436 | 437 | 3.203125 | 3 |
from The Century Dictionary.
- noun A cusp or point developed on the postero-nternal angle of an upper molar. It arises from the cingulum, but soon takes its place on the crown. See cut under
from Wiktionary, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License.
- noun anatomy A
cuspin the corner of an upper molar toothin mammals
Sorry, no etymologies found.
In the daylight morphology (10: 00) only, both strains possess a cluster of several rows of crystalline deposits near the cytoplasmic surface of the hypocone (the southern hemisphere of the dinoflagellate cell) (
PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles Hiroshi Yamashita et al. 2009 | <urn:uuid:a23c3743-cb3d-443c-9c88-db407e65b9e5> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://wordnik.com/words/hypocone | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.726639 | 161 | 2.953125 | 3 |
Paris, 18 July 2023 – This month, UNESCO published its AI Readiness Assessment Methodology, a diagnostic tool to support governments in ensuring Artificial Intelligence is developed and deployed ethically, in line with its Recommendation on the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence, adopted unanimously by its Member States in November 2021.
UNESCO worked with a high-level group of AI experts from all regions of the world to develop the Readiness Assessment Methodology (RAM) in 2022. The tool is a comprehensive assessment that tests the adequacy and pertinence of existing national laws and policies to frame the technological development positively, and gauges the technical capacities of public servants and institutions.
Pinpointing a precise plan of action
The RAM provides an assessment of a country’s legal, social, cultural, scientific, educational, technical and infrastructural AI capacities. It also indicates whether a country’s AI systems align with the values, principles and policy areas set out in UNESCO’s Recommendation. It is conducted by national experts, hired by UNESCO, who have a strong understanding of the national context. The end product of the RAM will be a comprehensive report, enabling experts and policy makers to pinpoint what institutional and regulatory changes are needed to take advantage of these technologies while protecting against its shortfalls.
These changes may involve costly capacity-building efforts, and UNESCO is committed to using its networks and expertise to support countries, particularly through its “AI Experts without Borders” network, launched in June 2023. This network will assist countries in developing policies, using international benchmarks as a reference.
50 countries implementing in 2023
“Countries are at different stages of readiness to implement the UNESCO’s Ethics of AI Recommendation, and there is “no one size fits all” approach. They also have different societal preferences, risk thresholds and innovation landscapes. UNESCO’s tool takes these specificities into account while bringing an international perspective, so we can learn together on how effectively we can address the AI challenges” said Gabriela Ramos, Assistant Director General for Social and Human Sciences at UNESCO.
50 countries are engaged with UNESCO in the implementation of RAM this year, including Antigua & Barbuda, Barbados, Brazil, Botswana, Chad, Chile, Costa Rica, Cuba, Democratic Republic of Congo, the Dominican Republic, Gabon, India, Kenya, Malawi, the Maldives, Mauritius, Mexico, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Rwanda, São Tomé and Príncipe Senegal, South Africa, Timor Leste, Uruguay, and Zimbabwe.
National analyzes that will feed the international dialogue
The UNESCO’s RAM is implemented with the support of the European Commission, the Japanese Development Cooperation, the Patrick McGovern Foundation, and the Development Bank in Latin America (La Corporación Andina de Fomento- CAF)
Country reports, based on the RAM diagnostic assessment will be published on UNESCO’s AI Ethical Observatory to be unveiled in the coming weeks and launched with the Alan Turing Institute (UK). It will be an online transparency portal for the latest data and analysis on the ethical development and use of AI around the world, and a platform for best practice sharing.
A report synthesizing the lessons learnt in the preparation of the RAM will be published in the upcoming weeks. Its results will deliver insights that will then inform the Global Forum on the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence, to take place in Slovenia in early 2024. | <urn:uuid:568adccb-982f-408f-aea7-bda6bce5c74a> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://workflowotg.com/unesco-to-support-more-than-50-countries-in-designing-an-ethical-ai-policy-this-year/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.890682 | 715 | 2.53125 | 3 |
In this modern era, technology and science have together created many devices. All these tools are there to reduce the complexity of our work. Science and technology have gifted us with many types of tools, which have made our work simple and useful. Whatever tool we use, if we are well acquainted with it, then we do not face any problem in using it. If we are unaware of that tool, then we have to face some trouble in using it. Whenever we buy a new device, there is also a usage manual with it, which tells the way of working of that equipment. If that device is new to us then we should read this manual to operate the device.
Long Essay on How to Operate a Device in English, Yantra ke Sanchalan kaise karen par Nibandh English mein
Long Essay - 1300 words
Life is progressing very fast in our today's technological world. In today's time life cannot be imagined without machines. By using it, our most difficult tasks are done successfully and easily and time is also very less. It would not be wrong to say that these devices have changed the way we live and have made our lifestyle very comfortable.
What is equipment ?
With the help of tools or equipment, we can make the work easier. It works as a task assistant for us. Tools are used in industry both large and small to accelerate development progress. Various tools are invented to accelerate the development of work in the technology field. This is a scientific age, in which we use different types of tools to make life easier. Our today's life is completely dependent on technology. New inventions made day by day have completely replaced the old equipment in the technology field.
When we speak of equipment, "what is a tool?" This question arises in the mind. A collection of small devices is mixed together to form a device. With its use, we can do our work in a simple way in less time. In our daily life today we are surrounded by tools, which we use in everyday life. We are well acquainted in running some of these, while some we are unaware of.
Various modes of equipment operation
The operating process of any equipment is what enables that device to function. The operating procedure of different equipment is also different. Therefore, it is necessary for us to have complete knowledge of the method of using that tool. Below are some of the different modes of operation of the devices.
- manual form
There are many such devices in our daily use which do not require any power to operate. We can easily operate it with our hands only.
You might also like:
- remote form
There are also some devices that are operated by remote. The operation of this type of device is done through the remote, in which many types of buttons and many types of directions are given, so that we can easily use that device.
- voice recognition form
Some such devices have been prepared using some new and advanced technology which are very delicate. Such devices operate by following what we call them. “Alexa” is a recently invented application that interprets our given voice commands and the device works accordingly.
- smart applications
In today's days there are many such devices like computers, mobiles, laptops etc. which have become included in our daily life. These are operated by us in a smart way or through smart application Android or iOS system software. We also call it the 'smart way'.
some common tools
There are different types of tools that we use in our daily life. We use them everyday for cooking, washing clothes, studies, office work, etc. With the use of these tools, we can do all the tasks very easily and in less time. These devices are classified on the basis of their functions. Here we have told about some such tools and their working process which we use in our daily life.
- entertainment equipment
Television, radio, video games, etc. are some of the devices that we use for entertainment in our daily life. These types of devices run on electric power and are controlled by remote. There are many buttons in the remote, which we can easily operate and control. Through these we can change the channel, power on and off. They are also accompanied by a user manual which gives us more information on how to use the device.
- computing equipment
Computers, laptops, tablets, mobiles, etc. devices are called computing devices. Human beings have considered the computer as the most important tool in their invention. Laptops, tablets, smartphones, etc. are some of the advanced forms of computers. The operating process of a computer is carried out by the computer system itself. It can communicate between multiple devices at once.
Many applications can run simultaneously in this operating system, which can solve our problems easily. It needs to be well understood to use this type of application. It is not that difficult to understand, and by using it, we can make our work easier. Android is the most and easiest operating system out of these, which we use to operate the device with great ease.
These tools increase our work efficiency, communication, study etc. tasks very fast and help us to make our life very easy.
- home appliance
We use washing machines, hairdryers, refrigerators, iron presses, etc. daily for domestic use. By using them, our work gets done with less time and ease. Using them saves both our energy and our time. Although they are not used manually but by electricity. We can use it easily by just taking a little care. These types of devices run on electricity, and we control them through the buttons given.
- solar equipment
The devices that run on the principle of the energy of the sun are called solar devices. Solar water heater, solar cell, solar cooker, solar heater, etc. are known as solar equipment. Such devices store the energy of the sun's rays and later we can use it according to our own.
Is the device/device a boon to human life ?
I believe that this is a boon for humans, because in the earlier days when such tools and techniques were not there, it was not easy to do any work. To do any work, more time and physical energy had to be spent. Gradually, new technology and equipment left those old days behind. Now every work can be done with great ease. These days with new technology, the working capacity of the equipment is changing in modernity, and in the coming days also new technologies will be added to it. Due to which we will be able to do that work in less time and easily.
By the method of operation of the equipment, it means to inform the people about the use of that equipment so that no untoward incident of any kind occurs. By knowing the operation method of any equipment, we can know the ways to operate it with ease, how and how to run it. Knowing how to operate the equipment helps us to use that equipment properly. | <urn:uuid:705daa87-ede1-41c9-ad0c-8021daae206d> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://writeatopic.com/essay/essay-on-how-to-operate-a-device | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.968492 | 1,427 | 2.75 | 3 |
If swimming appeals to you as an adventurous sport, learn how to swim and cross the seas. While the task is challenging and tricky, it is also great fun. Here are the basics of getting started with swimming, however it should always be undertaken in the supervision of an expert or practitioner.
1. Let go of your fear : A lot of people put off learning how to swim because they're afraid of drowning. While drownings do occur, most of them could have been prevented by simple safety measures. Follow simple guidelines whenever you're swimming, and the odds of drowning will decrease dramatically like always stay in the depth you can handle, don’t push yourself too hard to stay for long holding your breathe, etc.
2. Get used to floating: When you're in the water, hold on to the side of the pool and let your legs float out behind you. This will help you to make yourself easy and comfortable in water and would also make your movement and reflexes faster.For extra stability, put out your arms at a right angle so that your body is in a "T" shape.
3. Wear goggles : Wearing goggles can help you feel more comfortable opening your eyes underwater, and might allow you to see more clearly. It can also help you to protect your from dirty particles in water to enter your eyes.
4. Use your arms to crawl in water : Use your arms to propel yourself while swimming. This will not let to lose track of where you are heading to and again would loosen up your joints and muscles to be able to swim better.
5. Don’t fear diving : For many, diving is only what daring people can do. However, to completely come out of your fear of water, diving can be a good idea. It is not just about jumping from a great height, it is more about courage and guts to enter into water. If once overcomed would help you gel completely in water. | <urn:uuid:b0e6f757-0d5e-467e-908d-662c89bed8ee> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://wrytin.com/tanyasehra/learning-to-swim-the-know-and-how-jz1je0tb | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.963349 | 397 | 2.515625 | 3 |
Posted on 09 February 2015
WWF is calling on the Australian government to ban all dumping of dredge spoil in the Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Site.
– Reckless industrialization alongside the Great Barrier Reef could cause severe damage to one of Earth’s most important environmental systems, according to a new report commissioned by WWF. The Great Barrier Reef Under Threat
found that the dumping of waste from port expansions within its World Heritage-listed boundaries would have “devastating impacts” on the reef.
In order to prevent unacceptable new stress on this already-vulnerable ecosystem, WWF is calling on the Australian government to ban all dumping of dredge spoil in the Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Site.
“The Great Barrier Reef is one of the planet’s richest ocean habitats, home to endangered species, a valuable economic asset for Australia, and a natural treasure for the whole world. Turning the reef into a dumping ground is the wrong choice for the environment and makes no business sense, particularly to build ports that are unnecessary,” said WWF International Director General Marco Lambertini.
Port expansion plans call for the dredging of approximately 51 million cubic metres of the ocean floor, enough seabed to fill up New York City’s Empire State Building 49 times. Much of that waste could be dumped in the Great Barrier Reef’s sensitive World Heritage waters, where it can cause damaging plumes of sediment that can drift for up to 80 kilometres. Dredging and dumping can smother corals and threaten the survival of endangered species like marine turtles.
Australia is seeking to more than double coal export capacity in the state of Queensland, even though the state’s existing coal port capacity sits unused one-third of the time, the analysis by independent consulting firm Dalberg Global Development Advisors found. Under current plans, Queensland’s coal export capacity would increase to 637 million tonnes annually, when near-term forecasts predict that Australia as a whole will export significantly less than that.
The coal industry globally appears to be in structural decline as renewable energy gains ground, the report says. “As a result, it is unlikely that all of the proposed coal ports will be needed. The damage to the reef, however, will have been made,” it says.
“To protect the reef and to safeguard the 69,000 jobs it provides, the Australian government needs to legislate a ban on the dumping of dredge spoil in the entire Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Site,” said Dermot O’Gorman, CEO of WWF-Australia. “In addition, dredging should be minimized and greater efforts made to improve water quality.”
If appropriate steps are not taken to reverse the reef’s decline, the area risks being listed as “in danger” by UNESCO. The status of port expansions and the Great Barrier Reef’s overall health could stir controversy at the June meeting of the World Heritage Committee in Bonn, Germany.
According to the WWF report, many prominent banks have backed away from financing coal terminals in the reef due to concerns over environmental impacts. WWF urges companies not to invest or participate in any project that could threaten the Great Barrier Reef or any other World Heritage Site.
“As we can see from the Great Barrier Reef, healthy ocean habitats can be engines for sensible economic growth that provide jobs and improve people’s wellbeing,” Lambertini said. “Responsible management of the ocean, which is essential to preserve the crucial role marine ecosystems play in providing food and jobs for billions, should be a key feature of any roadmap for a sustainable future.”
Alona Rivord, email@example.com
, +41 79 959 1963 (English)
Gemma Parkes, firstname.lastname@example.org
, +41 79 253 6386 (English, Italian, French, Spanish) | <urn:uuid:a86aa2b3-2c84-4a07-8ad7-43966120825b> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://wwf.panda.org/wwf_news/?238610/Great-Barrier-Reef-dumping-ground | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.916014 | 811 | 3.15625 | 3 |
Due to the application of cutting-edge technology, the healthcare sector has seen a substantial transition in recent years. One such revolutionary development is the usage of chatbot systems that are driven by artificial intelligence. These advanced virtual assistants, which give instant and personalized support to patients and healthcare professionals, have fundamentally altered how healthcare services are delivered. By leveraging AI algorithms and natural language processing, healthcare chatbots are enhancing patient care, streamlining administrative processes, and boosting system efficiency. In this piece, we shall explore Chatbots for Healthcare Systems using Artificial Intelligence and their usage in different areas of the healthcare system.
AI Chatbot for Healthcare Systems in Data Analysis and Insights
Vast volumes of data may be gathered and analyzed thanks to the use of AI in chatbot systems. Chatbots can collect knowledge from patient interactions using machine learning algorithms to spot patterns and recognize trends. The ability to inform decision-making, pinpoint problem areas, and enhance care delivery makes these insights useful for healthcare professionals.
Additionally, data pooled and anonymized from chatbot conversations can be applied to population health management. Policymakers are better equipped to spend resources efficiently and create preventative policies when they know the most common health problems and public health trends.
AI Chatbot for Healthcare Systems in Streamlining Administrative Processes
Administrative duties that are time- and resource-intensive strain and generate difficulties in the healthcare sector. AI-enabled chatbots can streamline administrative tasks such as arranging appointments, maintaining patient information, and responding to billing concerns. In addition, chatbots may safely extract patient information by linking with electronic health record systems, which lowers the need for human data entry and reduces the possibility of mistakes.
Additionally, chatbots may give patients up-to-the-minute knowledge about their health plans, eligibility requirements, and payment schedules, reducing uncertainty and promoting wise decision-making. Healthcare personnel may now devote more attention to patient care and challenging medical issues thanks to the automation of administrative activities.
AI Chatbots for Healthcare Systems in Enhancing Patient Care
In terms of enhancing patient care, chatbots have changed the game. Chatbots serve as virtual health assistants by answering frequent questions and giving medical advice thanks to their capacity to deliver fast and reliable information. In addition, these chatbots allow patients to communicate with one another via a variety of channels, including websites, mobile apps, and messaging services, improving accessibility and convenience for patients.
A wide range of tasks, like symptom analysis, triage, and preliminary diagnosis, may be carried out by AI-powered chatbots. For example, chatbots can provide inadequate evaluations by asking patients specific questions about their symptoms. These assessments can assist patients in better understanding their diseases and point them toward the right therapy routes. By empowering people, this proactive strategy lowers the number of unnecessary visits to healthcare institutions and makes it possible for early action when necessary.
Chatbots can help with medication management by giving reminders for prescription regimens, keeping track of side effects, and responding to medication questions. This function encourages drug compliance and enhances patient outcomes, particularly those with chronic diseases.
AI Chatbot for Healthcare Systems in Improving Access to Healthcare
In many parts of the world, obtaining healthcare is relatively challenging. Healthcare infrastructure and knowledge are frequently lacking in remote and neglected locations. Chatbots with AI capabilities might close this gap by providing essential medical services via the Internet. Patients in remote or rural places can use chatbots to gain initial diagnoses, medical advice, and referrals when needed. This method makes healthcare more accessible to those without it otherwise, promoting early intervention, better health outcomes, and reduced healthcare inequities.
Challenges with Chatbots for Healthcare Systems using Artificial Intelligence
Artificial intelligence chatbot implementation for healthcare systems comes with several factors to consider. Consider the following important ones:
Data Security and Privacy
Privacy laws govern sensitive healthcare data. Therefore, it is essential to ensure adherence to data protection rules. In addition, strict security measures must be in place to safeguard patient data from unauthorized access or breaches.
Reliability and accuracy
The information that consumers receive from healthcare chatbots must be accurate and trustworthy. Therefore, in-depth testing and validation procedures must be applied to AI models once they have been trained on high-quality data. In addition, regular updates and maintenance are required to maintain the current knowledge of the chatbot and correct any flaws or biases.
Liability and medical expertise
Chatbots should be developed with medical practitioners to ensure they have a thorough clinical understanding. When required, the chatbot should advise users to seek expert medical assistance by programming it to identify limits. It’s critical to determine who is accountable for the chatbot’s recommendations.
Discussions about delicate subjects and emotional states might occur in hospital settings. Therefore, the chatbot must be trained to approach these circumstances with decency and sensitivity. Additionally, users’ informed permission, resolving possible biases or prejudice in the chatbot’s answers, and openness about the usage of AI are also ethical issues.
There are several rules and requirements for healthcare. Local legal and regulatory frameworks may impact the creation and implementation of AI chatbots. To maintain compliance and patient safety, it’s crucial to abide by these rules, including those that cover medical equipment.
Feedback loops and continuous enhancement
To gradually enhance their functionality, chatbots should have systems to gather user input and learn from encounters. When user interactions and results are regularly monitored and analyzed, insights may be gained that can be used to improve the chatbot’s skills and fill in any knowledge gaps.
User Experience and Interface Design
The chatbot’s user interface should be simple, and users should get precise instructions. The user experience may be improved by creating a conversational flow that resembles natural language and correctly identifying user intentions. To guarantee inclusion, it’s critical to consider a range of user demographics and accessibility needs.
Integration with Existing Systems
Electronic health records and other healthcare technology, such as chatbots, should work together effortlessly. This enables a comprehensive picture of patient data and improves the chatbot’s capacity to offer tailored context-sensitive replies.
The delivery of healthcare is changing as a result of the individualized, effective, and readily available services offered by chatbot systems driven by AI. These sophisticated virtual assistants are transforming patient care, enhancing administrative efficiency, and expanding access to healthcare. Chatbots will become much more advanced as technology develops, with improved capabilities for precise diagnosis, individualized treatment suggestions, and predictive analytics. Healthcare chatbot systems incorporating AI offer a bright future by enabling a patient-centric approach and transforming the sector.
To know more connect with our Chatbot development company : Aalpha information systems! | <urn:uuid:4df7d055-f2aa-458b-8265-ae78e9a1bd15> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.aalpha.net/articles/chatbot-for-healthcare-systems-using-artificial-intelligence/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.91891 | 1,359 | 3.28125 | 3 |
A Historical Approach in the Context of the Evaluation of the Civilizations Established in Sudan
A Historical Approach in the Context of the Evaluation of the Civilizations Established in Sudan and Its Impact on the Cultural Formation of Today's Sudan
Mustafa Mohamed Elshikh
Sudan is considered as the origin of all civilizations by some archeology scholars. Swiss archaeologist Charlie Bonnet stated that Sudan is one of the world's oldest and most influential civilizations. Sudan has been endowed with wonderful opportunities by Allah and Allah has bestowed on Sudan some important resources such as various underground mines and water resources. This diversity has allowed many civilizations to be established in Sudan throughout history. The most important of these established civilizations are Nabatye, Aleve, and El-Makara. These three great civilizations have existed for thousands of years. It is possible to see in today's Sudan that every civilization has brought something cultural and social to Sudan. The main reason why there is diversity and multiculturalism in today's Sudan is that it has hosted three great civilizations.
However, Sudan's geopolitical position makes it remarkable. Because Sudan, due to its location, has the capacity to lead African countries. As in every African country, there are different ethnic groups in Sudan. These ethnic groups set a serious example to other countries in terms of living in peace and tranquility in Sudan. In order to comprehend this structural and cultural adventure of Sudan, it is necessary to examine Sudan as a whole historically.
It is Sudan's unique geographical location that has made it a center of attraction for human communities throughout history. Sudan, as the center of civilization in the ancient world, brought a very important civilizational dimension to its surroundings. The existence of the Red Sea has made it possible to communicate with the ancient eastern civilizations. The presence of the Nile and its tributaries in the middle made it a melting pot for races and dynasties to mingle and form kingdoms and states on its shores.
Cultural diversity in Sudan
The expression of cultural diversity expresses the distinction of human culture with plurality and difference, in which cultural specificity, cultural identity and acceptance of the other will be taken into account when its existence is accepted, so that difference and difference will be respected and positivity will be emphasized. Sudan stands out at the crossroads of Africa and is referred to by some researchers as "Africa in miniature" because many ethnic groups in Africa live here together. As we mentioned above, it has been a center of attraction for many people since ancient times. Thus, Sudan is a country characterized by cultural diversity that has emerged as a result of ethnic, social and cultural components since ancient times.
Sudan has become a country rich in cultural diversity, with people from many different cultures coming together. This situation attracts the attention of tourists coming to the country. The presence of many historical monuments in the country is one of the main sources of tourism. Tourists who want to see these artifacts come to visit Sudanese museums where their cultural heritage is exhibited.
Cultural diversity is a key feature of the Sudanese state, and manifestations of cultural diversity in Sudan are particularly evident in language, religion, and race. In conclusion, we see that the cultural diversity that exists in Sudan today is due to two reasons: geographical factors and historical factors. Sudanese people have been able to assimilate all incoming cultures. In our opinion, the cultural diversity in Sudan sets an example for the whole world, especially African countries, in terms of living in peace. | <urn:uuid:e2805657-19c7-4c1d-808a-e87341db6e05> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.akem.org.tr/post/a-historical-approach-in-the-context-of-the-evaluation-of-the-civilizations-established-in-sudan | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.957501 | 707 | 3.1875 | 3 |
A County Older Than the State-St. Clair County
Created 1818 by territorial legislature. Named for Revolutionary hero, Gen. St. Clair. First settlers from Tennessee, Georgia-veterans of Creek Indian War, 1813-14. Pell City established as industrial town in 1890 by George H. Pell of New York. Growth of population south of Backbone Mt. and difficulty of crossing mountain led to branch county seat here in 1902. County seat at Ashville since 1822. Old Indian trails through this county used by: DeSoto's Spanish conquistadors-1540. Andrew Jackson's forces-1813-14. General Rousseau, Croxton-1864-65.
[1957: US Hwy 78 (Cogswell St.) at 18th St. North in Pell City. 33.58605 N 86.28698 W]
A County Older Than the State-St. Clair County
Created in 1818 in first session of Alabama Territorial Legislature from lands ceded by Creek Indian Nation in Treaty of Ft. Jackson, 1814. Named for Gen. Arthur St. Clair, hero of Revolution, governor of Northwest Territory. First settlers from Tennessee, Georgia-veteran of Creek Indian War, 1813-14. County seat since 1822 here at Ashville, named for John Ash, prominent settler. Growing population south of Backbone Mt. led to Pell City branch county seat, 1902.
[1957: US Hwy 231 (6th Avenue) on courthouse lawn, Ashville. 33.83657 N 86.25528 W]
Dr. Elwyn Ballard, commissioner of Boy Scouts in Birmingham, and his wife, Florence Aye Ballard, discovered this site in 1914, and became vital forces in the founding and growth of the camp. Boy Scouts and Boys Club members from the area first camped here in tents in 1916. Through Dr. Ballard, the Interdenominational Birmingham Sunday School Association acquired the camp in 1918 and offered sessions not only for boys but for girls as well -- the first organization-sponsored camping for girls in Alabama and among the first in the South. Daniel Ray Price, Executive Secretary of the Association, directed the camp 1922-1957. Rosa V. Strickland, educator and church leader, served as girls camp director 1919-1954. Winnataska early received national recognition for excellence of staff, facilities, and programs. Since its founding, the camp has continuously provided outdoor experiences and educational programs for thousands of Alabama children and adults.
Sponsored by the Friends of Winnataska, Inc.
[2014: 260 Winnataska Dr., Pell City]
Dr. Elwyn Ballard, commissioner of Boy Scouts in Birmingham, and his wife, Florence Aye Ballard, discovered this site in 1914 and became vital forces in the founding and growth of the camp. Boy Scouts and Boys Club members from the area first camped here in tents in 1916. Through Dr. Ballard, the Interdenominational Birmingham Sunday School Association acquired the camp in 1918 and offered sessions not only for boys but for girls as well-the first organization-sponsored camping for girls in Alabama and among the first in the South. Daniel Ray Price, Executive Secretary of the Association, directed the camp 1922-1957. Rosa V. Strickland, educator and church leader, served as girls camp director 1919-1954. Winnataska early received national recognition for excellence of staff, facilities, and programs. In 1986, Camp Winnataska and the Boy Scouts, Birmingham Area Council, formed a joint venture to operate the Camp Winnataska Outdoor Education Center.
[1997: Camp Winnetaska Drive off Winnataska Road south of the Prescott community west of Pell City
33.541785 N 86.442117 W]
(There is/was another St. Clair marker erected by AHA. It was placed in Cropwell on Mays Drive @ Hardwick Road at 33.55534 N, 86.26806 W. While the marker is missing in May of 2010, the post is present and painted. There are several other markers in the well-kept, small park, and it may be that the sign is being refurbished. There is a picture and description of this marker at http://www.waymarking.com/waymarks/WM445G_Cropwell_Historical_Park_Saint_Clair_County_AL)
Site of the Cook Springs Hotel
Near this site, and founded by entrepreneur Lafayette Cooke, for whom the community of Cook Springs was named, the hotel resort, operated from 1884 to 1954, was a grand example of mineral-springs resorts developed around the nation during that era. A combination of health retreat and entertainment destination, the hotel catered to upper-middle class and wealthy patrons. Guests arrived by train directly in front of the hotel. Patrons enjoyed a wide range of recreational activities and gained alleged health benefits by drinking the mineral-rich water. In 1930, Lafayette Cooke donated 1,600 acres and his hotel to the American School of Evangelism to be used for good deeds.
[2011: Cook Springs Road]
First Baptist Church of Springville
Organized March 22, 1817
Originally chartered at Mt. Zion Baptist Church. Charter member and first Pastor was Sion Blythe who served for 17 years. The oldest church in St. Clair Association. Presbyterian and Methodist denominations used the church building before turn of the century. Name of church changed to Springville Baptist in 1877 and to First Baptist Church of Springville, 1974.
[Wilson St. at Robinson Street in Springville 33.78149 N 86.47002 W]
Creek Indian War, 1813-14, 12 miles north. Built by Andrew Jackson with Tennessee troops and friendly Cherokees. Used as advanced base of operations on the border of Creek Confederacy.
[Before 1961: at Chamber of Commerce (Old Depot) in Talladega]
Harkey's Chapel United Methodist Church
Founded Circa 1829-1830
Original log house of worship built St. Clair Co. near Broken Arrow Creek, six miles from Coosa River. Named Harkey's Chapel for first minister, Rev. David. Harkey of Cahawba Circuit.
Present church built 1904 by A. I. Abels with community helpers. Preserved by members of Harkey's Chapel United Methodist Church.
Entered Alabama Register of Historic Places 1978.
[1979: AL Hwy 144 at No Business Creek Road at Coal City 33.66419 N 86.25627 W ]
Historic Downtown Pell City
Founded by railroad investors and incorporated on May 6, 1891, Pell City was named for one of the financial backers, George Hamilton Pell of New York. Nearly disappearing after the Panic of 1893, the town was redeveloped after 1901 by Sumter Cogswell and his wife, Lydia DeGaris Cogswell, along with other local investors and businessmen. Mr. Cogswell influenced the location here in 1902 of the Pell City Manufacturing Company, subsequently, Avondale Mills. The town's prosperity was secured after that time. The Historic District encompasses two long blocks along Cogswell Avenue from Nineteenth Street to Twenty-first Street and several buildings on Nineteenth and Twenty-first Streets North and Twentieth Street South. The only building to survive the earlier period was the Maxwell Building, constructed in 1890. The majority of the historic structures were built in the years between 1902 and 1905. The Downtown District was added to the National Register of Historic Places on October 29, 2001.
[2003: US Hwy 78 (Cogswell St.) at Historic Edwin Holladay Place, Courthouse lawn in Pell City. 33.58635 N 86.28604 W]
John Ash, 1798-1872
In 1817, John and Margaret Ash, their children, and the Rev. Thomas Newton, Margaret’s father, were part of a wagon train traveling west from Georgia on the old Montevallo Road. In Beaver Valley, between Ashville and Odenville, their three-year-old daughter, Betsy Ann, died after falling from their wagon. Reluctant to leave their daughter’s grave behind, the family settled in Beaver Valley, where John Ash purchased land and built a substantial home in 1818. It is the oldest extant structure in what would become St. Clair County that same year. John Ash subsequently served as a senator in the territorial assembly, and in numerous other positions, including county commissioner, judge, and state senator. When Ashville was incorporated in 1822, it was named for John Ash in honor of his many contributions and became the county seat. Margaret M. “Peggy” Ash (b. May 15, 1792) died on January 21, 1855. John Ash lived another eighteen years. Both are buried in Liberty Cemetery in Odenville, where Rev. Thomas Newton served as pastor of the Presbyterian Church. The family donated these original grave covers to the Ashville Museum and Archives.
[Liberty Cemetery, Highway 41, Odenville]
John Looney House
John Looney and son, Henry, served in General Andrew Jackson's volunteer company which built Fort Strother on Coosa River and later fought at Horseshoe Bend in 1814. Looney's family of nine moved from Maury Co. Tenn. to homestead 1817 in St. Clair County. Land patent granted in 1822. The two story log house with double dog-trot is a rare example of pioneer architecture in Alabama. Restored by St. Clair Historical Society in 1972. Listed in the National Register of Historic Places 1974.
[1978: County Road 24 southwest of Ashville 33.820817 N 86.192364 W ]
The Mill Village
The Pell City Manufacturing Company, completed in 1902, was the main catalyst in the growth and development of Pell City. It was the first cotton mill in the South with the distinctive sawtooth roof design. In addition to the mill itself, the mill complex consisted of the adjacent Mill Village of over one hundred houses, the mill office, a community house, a hospital, and a school. In 1919 the mill was purchased by the Comer interests and became part of the Avondale Mills system. The Mill Village continued as the center of everyday life in Pell City for many years. The mill and Mill Village were added to the National Register of Historic Places on August 21, 2000.
[2003: Martin St. North at 26th Street North in Pell City. 33.59146 N 86.28056 W]
Pell City's Historic Residential District
The earliest neighborhood in Pell City was the Residential District, located on the northern boundary of the Downtown Historic District. The Residential District was the preferred location for many of the earliest leaders involved in the growth and development of Pell City. The city was incorporated in 1891 and named for George Hamilton Pell of New York, a leading investor in the railroad that influenced the city's location. The town almost disappeared after the Panic of 1893, but due to the vision and leadership of Sumter Cogswell, was revived in 1902. The homes of Sumter Cogswell and Green Evans, Pell City's first mayor, are two of the earliest structures, dating from the late nineteenth century. The district is composed of sixteen full and partial city blocks, centering on First, Second, and Third Avenues North and containing 105 historic structures. The majority of the houses date from 1902 to 1930. The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 29, 2001.
[2003: 2nd Avenue North at 21st Street North in Pell City. 33.58872 N 86.28444 W ] | <urn:uuid:71b76fc8-6208-45da-84f2-0f0113d41256> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.alabamahistory.net/copy-of-shelby | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.952257 | 2,430 | 2.65625 | 3 |
What is a BER Rating?
A building energy rating or BER is an energy efficiency rating for your home. The better your homes BER, the lower your energy bills and the less carbon dioxide (CO2) your home will emit when you turn your heating on. Your BER rating can also affect the potential value of your home. BER’s are measured on a scale of A to G.
- A-rated homes are the most energy efficient and tend to have lower energy bills.
- G-rated properties are the least energy efficient, often requiring significant amounts of energy to heat to a comfortable level which results in energy bills being on the higher side.
A difference of just a few grades on the BER scale can have an impact on a home's heating bill and the amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) emitted.
How do I find out my homes BER rating?
Recent research conducted by RedC research for An Post Green Hub found that one in two people are unsure of their homes BER rating yet a BER certificate is a legal requirement if you are buying, selling or renting a home.
The Sustainable Energy Authority of Ireland (SEAI) have a helpful tool, National BER Register, where you can check if your property already has a valid BER certificate. If your property is registered, you can download the BER cert. You can also review BER details of a property for sale or rent. BER Certs are valid for a maximum of ten years.
To search the register, you will need one of the following pieces of information:
What if my property doesn't have a BER Rating?
If you wish to obtain an official BER rating and cert for your home, you can appoint an independent assessor to inspect and survey your home. They will use unique software, DEAP (Dwelling Energy Assessment Procedure), which calculates the energy performance and carbon dioxide emissions of your homes heating source, ventilation, lighting and water heating source.
The inspection process generally takes about 30 minutes to one hour, depending on the size of your home, and during that time the assessor looks at a number of different elements including:
Type of heating system your home has
Your insulation: are the walls, attic and floors in the house properly insulated?
Quality of windows and doors
Orientation of the property
The size and number of occupants in the property
While the number of occupants in your home is considered, the calculation is not exclusively based on that. The BER rating is based on the building itself, the materials and fabric of the property and any of its installed systems.
What does BER exempt mean?
Certain buildings and structures are exempt from the BER rating process and do not require a BER certificate when being sold or rented. Typically, buildings that are exempt from needing BER certificates include:
- Stand alone buildings that have a total floor area of less than 50 sq/m
- Protected structures
- National monuments
- Places of worship or buildings used for religious activities, for any religion
- Non-residential agricultural buildings
- Industrial buildings that have an installed heat capacity that does not exceed 10W/m2
Why would a house be exempt from needing a BER Certificate?
If your house is a protected structure – in many cases Victorian and Georgian homes will be listed under protected structures - then it will be BER exempt. Your local city or county council should be able to provide you with a list of protected structures in your area. If your house is BER exempt, it is still worthwhile having a BER assessment completed.
How much do I need to pay to get my home assessed for a BER rating by an BER assessor?
There is no set fee for a BER assessment, so it is best to shop around with at least three suppliers for the best price. The cost of a BER assessment for an apartment can cost approximately €150. The cost for a standard house, penthouse or duplex can cost between €200 and €300. Make sure that you check the following before booking your assessor:
- The assessor insured and registered
- The price quoted is inclusive of the SEAI registration charge
What happens when the BER Assessor comes to assess my home?
Your homes BER rating is calculated based on energy performance and any associated carbon dioxide emissions from:
In order to complete the BER calculation, your BER Assessor will need to collect information on these various aspects of your home. They will need access to all areas of your home including the attic, hot press (if any), ventilation, all windows and doors, lighting systems, meter cupboards (if any) and your heating systems and controls. During the BER assessment, you BER Assessor will collect information which will include a number of calculations, measurements and photographic evidence of each of these aspects of your home. Once your assessment is complete, you will receive a copy of your BER Certificate and Advisory report. The BER Cert indicates your property’s rating while the Advisory report provides information and recommendations on how your property’s rating can be improved through home improvements which are more energy efficient and will, in turn, improve your BER rating.
What can I do to improve my homes BER rating? I don’t know where to start
Your BER Advisory report will provide with some unique recommendations based on your home.
According to professionals, the majority of Irish homes built before 2011 are not sufficiently insulated and it is advised that insulation can be a great starting point for many homeowners. 30% of our homes heat loss is through the roof of our homes so improving your attic insulation is the best place to start. They recommend checking what insulation lies between the ceiling joists in your attic – it should be between 300mm and 400mm. In older homes, insulation is usually non-existent or is about 100mm in depth. Insulating the attic is like putting on a hat. Heat rises, so you will see an immediate benefit from this work.
Next, tackle external walls which are another high source of heat loss. There are two main external insulation options that could meet the needs of your home: external wall insulation or dry lining. External wall insulation can add 100-150 mm of rigid insulation to the exterior walls of your house, giving complete coverage and avoiding any cold bridges. When adding external insulation to your home, consider your windowsills, which will need to be made deeper and an adequate depth of fascias and soffits to take the thickness off the insulation. Downpipes will also need to be adjusted. A professional external wall insulation company will guide you through this process.
External insulation also allows for a coloured render system, thinner than a more traditional sand cement render, but maintenance-free and available in a range of colours. This is more expensive, but if you are not moving out of your home or planning to redecorate, it saves in the long run.
Another option is internal insulation, known as dry lining. This involves using insulated plasterboard varying in thickness, ranging from 82mm to 112mm, to suit your home. The plasterboard is applied to the inner face of the external walls of the home. This means the existing skirting boards and sometimes floor finishes will need to be removed for application.
This approach is more invasive. It is difficult to live in a house while this is happening. If you are dry lining, you will also have to consider the time it will take to make electrical and plumbing changes, and whether re-plumbing or re-wiring is required.
Choose energy efficient windows
According to professionals, windows should always be the first consideration when considering more energy efficient improvements. Changes can be made much easier with a specialist window replacement company.
It is recommended to upgrade windows to triple glazing. The additional cost versus double glazing is minimal, but the results are windows with a better acoustic value and a feeling of a more secure home. This also benefits the u-value, which measures the insulating characteristics of the class, including the heat flow or loss that can occur due to different indoor and outdoor temperatures.
Upgrading windows gives homeowners the opportunity to give their house a facelift, by changing the window break-up. Homeowners could choose to add more opening sections, or less if preferred. If this is the sole change homeowners choose to make, they may also have to re-paint window boards, window heads, reveals, and maybe even entire rooms.
When a customer is upgrading their windows, they should ask their specialist to use thermal foam and airtightness tape. This will prevent drafts caused by the junction of the window and the wall because of poor fittings and sealing standards of the past. | <urn:uuid:4515426d-6830-4e8e-b49b-08261bf173ae> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.anpost.com/Money/Low-Fixed-Rate-Loans/Green-Loans/Top-tips/BER-rating-guide | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.944366 | 1,806 | 2.703125 | 3 |
When it comes to most survival situations, batteries are often overlooked. Too many people assume that all they need to do is make sure their battery operated survival gear is ready to go with new alkaline batteries and that they have a fresh pack of spares. This is an unfortunate assumption!
Battery Basics: Size and Chemistry
There are five primary battery sizes in the United States: D, C, AA, AAA and 9 volt. Most batteries fall into three categories: alkaline, lithium and nickel.
Alkaline batteries are what the average person imagines when they picture a battery. There are other similar types, such as carbon zinc (aka: “heavy duty”), but we won’t get into these battery types that much because alkaline batteries should not be used in survival situations. We’ll touch more on this throughout the article.
Lithium batteries come in many varieties. There are both rechargeable and non-rechargeable types. Two of the more common rechargeable types are lithium-ion and lithium-polymer. Two common non-rechargeable types are lithium-iron disulfide (occasionally referred to as “voltage compatible lithium batteries”) and lithium-manganese dioxide (commonly referred to as CR 123A batteries).
The two most common types of nickel-based batteries are NiCd (nickel cadmium) and NiMH (nickel metal hydride). NiCd is fairly old battery technology and is still sold today, but usually only available from specialty retailers. NiMH are still sold almost anywhere batteries are sold.
For the sake of brevity, we will only concern ourselves with the following two battery specifications: volt and milliampere-hour (commonly abbreviated as mAh). Without getting too technical, a volt is analogous to water pressure, such as pounds-per-square-inch, while mAh is analogous to water flow, such as gallons-per-minute. The typical AA size alkaline battery can produce 1.5 volts and holds about 2,500 mAh of electricity.
Batteries for Short-Term Survival Situations
In a survival situation lasting up to a few weeks, you’ll want to use lithium-iron disulfide batteries in AAA or AA size. These are currently sold as Energizer Lithium batteries in the United States.
If you have any flashlights, radios, signaling devices, etc. that need batteries, do you best to find devices that can use these batteries. Energizer Lithium batteries are great for short-term survival situations for several reasons:
- They handle temperature extremes much better than most batteries on the market. In freezing temperatures, alkaline and nickel based batteries won’t work or will have greatly reduced performance.
- They are lightweight.
- They have a very long shelf life. Energizer Lithium batteries are advertised has having a 20 year shelf life.
- They don’t leak. Alkaline batteries often leak, leaving a corrosive residue.
- Lithium-iron disulfide batteries can produce more power for a longer period of time than alkaline batteries. While an alkaline battery is around 1.5 volts, a lithium-iron disulfide battery has about 1.6 volts (for the AA and AAA sizes).
So what are the disadvantages? Here are a few:
- They only come in AAA, AA and 9 volt sizes. You may have survival equipment that only uses C or D batteries, although this can often be remedied by using a battery spacer.
- Compared to alkaline batteries, lithium-iron disulfide batteries are more expensive.
- The slightly higher voltage could harm some electronic devices. This is going to be a rare situation, but it could arise, such as when powering an insulin pump or other device with sensitive electronics.
- They’re not rechargeable.
- You might be wondering about CR123A lithium batteries – why not use those, especially since they have more power at 3.0 volts? You can, as they provide excellent performance. However, more devices use AA or AAA batteries than CR123A batteries. Additionally, CR123A batteries are more expensive and typically harder to find.
Batteries for Long-Term Survival Situations
If you need batteries to power devices in an extended survival or off-grid situation, you’re going to need a rechargeable option. I recommended the low self-discharge (LSD) NiMH battery, and here’s why.
First, if you’re living off the grid for several years or more, you’re most likely going to need to recharge your batteries from a renewable source, like solar, hydro or wind. Due to the very nature of these power sources, you’re unlikely to have a steady, reliable and consistent flow of electricity. As a result, you need batteries that are forgiving to interruptions or dips in power when recharging.
NiCd batteries are the most forgiving when it comes to inconsistent charging, but only have about one-half to one-third the mAh of a similarly sized NiMH battery.
Second, LSD NiMH batteries will hold their charge while being stored for a very long time. For example, eneloops, which are a type of LSD NiMH battery, will have 70% of its original charge after 10 years. Most “regular” NiMH batteries will lose most of its charge after only one year.
Third, LSD NiMH batteries perform well in high current draw applications, much better than alkaline and comparable to lithium based batteries.
There is essentially just one disadvantage to using LSD NiMH batteries: It provides only 1.2 volts. To put that in perspective, alkaline batteries use 1.5 volts, and lithium batteries use between 1.6 and 3.7 volts.
Related: How to Build Your Own Solar Panels
So why not use rechargeable lithium batteries?
There are plenty of issues:
- They require special charging algorithms that don’t get along well with unsteady electricity flow. This is why many solar charging systems have a built-in battery to serve as a “buffer” between the solar cells and the device being charged.
- Most rechargeable lithium batteries only last about 1,000 cycles or less; usually the cycle life is closer to 500 or so. LSD NiMH batteries, such as eneloops, have lives that range between 2,000 and 3,000 cycles. (A “cycle” refers to one charge and discharge event. For instance, if you have a laptop that’s fully charged, then you use it until the battery runs out, then you recharge it to full capacity, that represents one cycle.)
- They’re a fire risk. Perhaps you’ve heard a few recent news stories about batteries catching fire or exploding? Those are lithium-based batteries, not nickel-based.
- In a survival situation, you’ll want as many devices as possible capable of using the same battery. Since there is such a wide range of rechargeable lithium options, it’ll be harder to standardize the batteries among the devices.
Why Are Alkaline Batteries Bad in Survival Situations?
Alkalines are a no-no, because they leak, can’t be stored as long as lithium-iron disulfide or LSD NiMH batteries and have poor low-temperature performance. Leaking is a problem, not just because the battery you thought you can use is now bad, but because the leakage can potentially damage the device it’s in. If the leakage has gone on long enough, the device could be ruined or at best, require thorough cleaning.
Last Piece of Battery Advice
Preparing for survival scenarios can be made a little easier by using electronic devices that utilize the same batteries, specifically the AA size. This allows batteries to be interchangeable between your survival equipment and you only have to worry about having a supply of one type of batteries. There’s also the fact that the average retailer will often have more AA batteries for sale than any other type.
If you must use a device that takes C or D batteries, you can always use a spacer. For C sized applications, you can make your own spacer out of anything that will widen the AA battery. After all, a C battery is the same length as the AA battery, just wider. For a D battery, a proper spacer is recommended.
You may also like: | <urn:uuid:bdc7be34-e2bf-42d6-b6f7-e7c45d674f43> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.askaprepper.com/batteries-best-survival-situations/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.941128 | 1,781 | 3.375 | 3 |
Sports Terms That Start with T
| Read: 0 minutes
What is the Triple-Double in Basketball?
A triple-double is a statistical achievement in basketball where a player achieves double digits in three statistical categories. | Learn More
What is the Triple Play in Baseball/Softball?
A triple play is when a defensive team records three outs during the same defensive play. This can occur in a variety of ways, with the most common being the batter hit the ball into the field, as opposed to some sort of triple pick off play, which would be ridiculously rare. | Learn More
What is the Triple Crown in Baseball/Softball?
Winning the Triple Crown in baseball or softball refers to leading the league in Batting Average, Homeruns and Runs Batted In. | Learn More | <urn:uuid:1a96b390-6a63-4439-b3e9-e43774238ae3> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.baconsportsbeer.com/glossary/t/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.951846 | 164 | 3.109375 | 3 |
It was a get together of a few families in a restaurant for a dinner. The gathering included members of all age groups including children. After the orders were taken by the waiter, the starters were served on the table initially. More than the elders, the young kids showed a great interest in reaching out to the spicy starters. After a few minutes, the starters had to be served again, though most elders did not reach out to them but just watched the younger ones enjoying the staters. After a while when the main course was served, most children said “Oh, we are already full. We don’t need the main course.” A reference to this incident made me think whether a similar situation is true to our curricular design and its underlying inputs. Whether our children studying in schools are fed with starters missing the essence of the main coursed which is the basic input to all nutrient requirements.
Here are a few questions I had been contemplating in the past.
1. UNDERSTANDING THE OBJECTIVES OF EDUCATION
Though the Indian education system stood focused for centuries on nurturing the basic human values of unconditional love, service, collaboration, cooperation, righteousness, empathy, social consciousness and several other values, it helped in seeking a balance between the development of the inner self and serving the needs of existential requirements. Over the last few decades possibly the system has got redesigned to meet some consumerist and immediate needs rather than the long-term needs. Focus on standardizing people, judging people and validating the information has sought priority over the process of humanizing people to be active, positive, contributive and compassionate citizens of a civilized society. If the existing design has not served these ends, the question arises whether we need a course correction. And if yes, who will do it and how? Is it not a collective responsibility of a community? How long would we play ‘passing the ball’ game’ absolving the collective responsibility and blaming organizations one after the other? The current educational policy might provide a good platform for this course correction provided the curriculum designers bring a paradigm shift to their understanding and approach to the curriculum.
2. WHAT ARE THE GENERAL OBJECTIVES OF THE CURRICULUM?
The general objectives of any curriculum have only been the emancipation of the humankind through organized flow of knowledge and skills Through such organized knowledge flow, the general objectives of empowerment of the future citizens through patriotism, human values, equity, unity of purpose, coexistence with peace, scientific temper to life principles, aesthetic approach to life thereby seeking inner peace has to be achieved. Unfortunately, though curricula define the general objectives as a part of their preamble and as an exercise of their paper work, the general objectives are usually lost track of progressively, in seeking fulfil ent of the specific objectives which are detailed on disciplines of learning. Quite often, the general objectives and specific objectives stand far apart, structured to data and information. not contributing to wisdom, either personal or social.
3. ARE THE GENERAL OBJECTIVES IN HARMONY WITH CURRENT AND FUTURISTIC SOCIAL NEEDS?
The general objectives in most curricula appear to be replication of what has been understood and recorded in the past. They don’t seem to get a critical review in the current and futuristic knowledge dynamics. It is important to note that these general objectives need not be tested on factual information emanating from disciplines, but on their impact on the social and cultural psyche of the community. The general objectives of the curricula have a direct impact on the thought architecture of the people both of the present and the future. Hence a course correction by reviewing our definitions of the general objectives of the curriculam might be necessary. One can fervently hope that curriculum designers would apply their mind to examine this issue.
4. WHY THE MEANS DOMINATE OVER THE ENDS?
The fact that there is a visible mismatch between the specific objectives of learning encapsuled in the syllabi with the general objectives of the curriculum that needs to be put in place, it has shifted the paradigm in excessive favour of the specific objectives. No wonder, the teachers engage into formal delivery of information and facts for purposes of certification rather than spending their time and opportunities to nurture the nutrients enshrined in the general objectives of the curriculum. With inadequate opportunities for the engagement with hidden curricula or the informal curricula, due to consumerist attitudes in educational opportunities, the most critical aspects needed for a healthy growth of mind, balanced approach to right and left-brain faculties, opportunities for critical and creative thinking have all been marginalized. Course correction in curriculum should as a natural consequence lead to course correction in pedagogical deliveries.
5. THE MYTH OF SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES AS SUBSERVIENT TO GENERAL OBJECTIVES
With the paradigm of schooling and learning shifting to the ‘bread and butter’ goals of education and the stressful focus on judgment through examination, the focus is exclusive on the specific objectives as the end-all of an educational achievement. To add, these paradigms have found both a brand value and economic value in the business of education. The myth of the specific objectives as predominant to the learning objectives has delinked a number of values in the learning process. The myth of the importance of specific objectives as superior to general objectives has made its impact in the pattern of social consciousness, togetherness and cohabitation of the people in the community. A course correction might help in bringing about some remedial action.
6. WHY IS COURSE CURRECTION NECESSARY?
A course correction in the design and packaging of the curriculum to meet the larger ends and purposes of education might help in making the society more tolerant, more constructive, more positive, more productive and more cohesive. It might enhance deeper understanding on several issues which are leading to conflicts and thereby issues which are very trivial but which lead to stressful social experiences could be minimised. Course correction would also help in a better engagement with our own value systems, heritage, culture and in appreciation of a legacy inherited by the country in terms of architecture, music, literature and other forms of fine as well as performing arts. The course correction may not show visible immediate results but would certainly help in sustaining the richness of the heritage.
7. HOW DO WE HELP IN COURSE CORRECTION?
Course correction in educational endeavours is not a documentation process. It is a conscious engagement with all stakeholders by building their trust in the existing systems, by helping them to understand the purpose and direction of change, by bringing them to be partners in change management. The design of the curriculum with better focus on the general objective would mean revisiting our concepts relating to the content design through a blended approach enabling adequate opportunities for self-learning rather than the ivory tower approaches. Periodic questioning of the authenticity of knowledge would help in continuous re-engineering of our learning.
8. THE RESPONSIBILITY OF EDUCATORS TO THE FUTURE
Normally any discussions on course correction in systems is discredited at the inception itself, sheerly due to the inbuilt fear of change, fear of unknown, fear of additional work and a disruption to the routine. However, all these are inevitable to progress. The educators have a major responsibility in envisioning, positioning, articulating, packaging and administering the course correction. But this needs acceptance of the fact that course correction is necessary and is unavoidable. Instead of being passive observers of change ushered into the educational system through other vested interests, it would be wise if the educator community takes the initiative by choice.
We need to encourage our kids to have a balanced diet which is nutritious to the mind, rather than spicy starters which just temporarily thrill them for their spices! | <urn:uuid:c84a7f52-640b-4bd2-9b46-ae8cc78c85dc> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.balaspeaks.in/Leadership-and-Management/Need-for-course-correction-in-curricular-design.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.94936 | 1,576 | 2.671875 | 3 |
In this article, we will discuss the connection between sleep apnea and snoring and how it can be treated. Snoring is a common problem that affects many people, causing disruptions in sleep and potentially leading to more serious health issues. One of the most common causes of snoring is sleep apnea, a condition where breathing repeatedly stops and starts during sleep.
Sleep Apnea and Snoring
Sleep apnea is a serious condition where breathing repeatedly stops and starts during sleep, leading to disruptions in sleep and potentially causing serious health issues such as high blood pressure, heart disease, and stroke. One of the most common symptoms of sleep apnea is loud, chronic snoring.
Snoring occurs when the flow of air through the mouth and nose is partially blocked, causing the tissues in the throat to vibrate. When breathing stops during sleep apnea, the airway can become fully blocked, leading to a pause in breathing.
The treatment for sleep apnea and snoring depends on the severity of the condition. For mild cases of sleep apnea, lifestyle changes such as losing weight, avoiding alcohol and sedatives, and sleeping on your side can be effective. For moderate to severe cases, medical treatment may be necessary.
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) is the most common treatment for moderate to severe sleep apnea. CPAP involves wearing a mask that delivers a constant stream of air to keep the airway open during sleep.
Other treatments include oral appliances, which are custom-made devices that help keep the airway open, and surgery to remove excess tissue from the throat.
Contact Dr. Michael Burnett and the ENTs at Ear, Nose & Throat of New York
If you suffer from snoring or sleep apnea, Dr. Michael Burnett and the ENT’s at Ear, Nose & Throat of New York can provide you with expert care and treatment. We offer a range of services and treatments to help our patients manage their sleep, including CPAP therapy, oral appliances, and surgery, and we are dedicated to providing personalized and compassionate care to each of our patients.
Don’t let sleep apnea and snoring disrupt your sleep and potentially lead to serious health issues. Get the treatment you need with the expert care of Dr. Michael Burnett and the team at Ear, Nose & Throat of New York. Contact us today to schedule your appointment. To schedule an appointment or to learn more about our services, contact us at:
Ear, Nose & Throat of New York
Michael C. Burnett, MD
115 East 57th Street
New York, NY 10022 | <urn:uuid:2474def2-cf7b-49b5-a5d5-d5c7bf965dee> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.bestentdoctor.nyc/the-connection-between-sleep-apnea-and-snoring/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.937239 | 533 | 2.734375 | 3 |
ECE or Electronics and Communication Engineers play a pivotal role in designing and developing the systems that power our modern world. But what happens when the world becomes data-driven?
Enter the era of Big Data and Data Analytics, where ECE engineers find themselves at a crossroads of opportunity.
This blog will explore the expanding job horizons for ECE engineers, driven by the growing significance of data in various industries. Before we dive into the job opportunities, let’s set the stage by understanding the key components.
ECE is a dynamic field that encompasses a wide range of technological disciplines. It combines elements of electrical engineering, computer science, and more. ECE engineers are the architects of electronic devices, telecommunications networks, computer systems, and beyond.
As industries undergo rapid technological transformations, data analytics emerges as a game-changer. Traditional engineering practices now heavily rely on data-driven decision-making. It’s no longer just about creating systems but optimizing them through data analysis.
The fusion of ECE skills with data analytics expertise offers remarkable advantages. This synergy enables engineers to design smarter, more efficient systems and products. Real-world examples showcase ECE engineers leveraging data for engineering purposes, from optimizing power grids to enhancing telecommunications networks.
Now, let’s explore the exciting job roles that await ECE engineers in the realm of data analytics:
Discover how data engineers manage and optimize data pipelines, ensuring the seamless flow of information crucial for analysis.
Uncover the connection between ECE, the Internet of Things (IoT), and data analytics. IoT specialists bridge the gap between physical devices and data-driven insights.
Learn how data analytics can elevate the functionality of embedded systems found in everything from medical devices to automobiles.
Explore the intersection of machine learning and ECE, where engineers develop algorithms for data-driven decision-making.
Delve into the impact of data analytics on robotics and automation, driving innovation in fields like autonomous vehicles and industrial automation.
We’ll also provide insights into the skills and qualifications required for these roles, helping ECE engineers embark on their data analytics journey.
While the future holds exciting opportunities, it’s important to address potential challenges ECE engineers may encounter as they transition into data-driven roles. We’ll also offer a glimpse into the future of the engineering industry, emphasizing the increasing integration of data analytics.
In closing, the fusion of ECE and data analytics opens up a world of possibilities for engineers. It’s a dynamic field where innovation knows no bounds. We encourage you to explore this evolving intersection, ensuring you stay competitive in your career.
Are you ready to embark on a career that combines the best of ECE and data analytics? Explore the exciting opportunities awaiting you in this transformative field. Fill out the form for more details on programs and resources to help you make your mark in the world of data-driven engineering. | <urn:uuid:6c1e901c-8256-4232-8dbc-debf0fa2dc40> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.bnmit.org/what-are-the-job-opportunities-for-ece-engineers/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.888389 | 596 | 2.75 | 3 |
THANK YOU FOR SUBSCRIBING
The blockchain technology is rapidly becoming familiar and promises to solve many problems related to the lack of trust. The potential of blockchain in agriculture may lead to an exciting shift facilitating transparency and trust in food chains that ensures food integrity. The permanent transactions and distributed data access facilitate data exchange and reduce fraud.
Blockchain could help to improve the quality of the agricultural products in several ways. In Japan, agricultural experts are working on a blockchain platform designed to track the quality of vegetables and other agricultural products. The platform is utilized to record and store a wide variety of data that includes the details of crops grown, sprayed pesticides, and fertilizers used. It also tracks the condition of the soil on which the vegetable was grown and the production environment. Keeping track of the quality of agricultural products helps in boosting the prices of these vegetables.
Smart contract-enabled agricultural insurance on a distributed ledger technology would provide better insurance coverage for a greater number of farmers. Without the need for human intervention to assess insurance claims, the process becomes simple, transparent, and efficient. Smart contracts would remove the risks of fraudulent claims and corruption from insurance providers, as the terms of insurance policies cannot be changed. Even data collected at weather stations could be registered on a DLT to ensure its integrity.
Blockchain in agriculture tracks the machinery maintenance records, sensors, and other equipment. The updated status of the crops is recorded in a digital ledger. The technology will allow the farmers to automate and enhance the efficiency of the existing equipment. It is secure and transparent. It also enables farmers to do real-time management of the stock. All the information can be recorded on the blockchain, and this will help producers and consumers in analyzing, monitoring, and controlling the risks throughout the agriculture process.
Blockchain will help in establishing a direct link between farmers and consumers. It can increase trust between parties, facilitate information sharing throughout the supply chain, and significantly reduce agricultural transaction costs. It is time for farmers to utilize the emerging technology to get what they deserve.
Check Out : Featured Vendors | <urn:uuid:0a81006a-e080-4b75-8710-357e0801ea9e> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.capitalmarketsciooutlook.com/news/how-will-blockchain-enable-safer-agriculture-nwid-303.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.932971 | 420 | 3.125 | 3 |
Hepatopancreatobiliary surgery is an incredibly long name that means surgery on the liver (hepato), the pancreas (pancreato) and the gallbladder and bile duct (the biliary tree). All these are next to each other at the top of the abdomen, and their functions are closely related. It’s usually called HPB surgery.
Mr Charles Imber is one of the UK’s foremost HPB surgeons. He trained as a specialist HPB surgeon and has many years of experience in operating on the most complex cases, including patients with liver cancer and pancreatic cancer.
Liver surgery can be necessary to treat:
- A damaged liver after an accident
- Liver cysts or benign tumours, which need to be removed
- Liver cancers: these can be primary liver cancers or secondary tumours that have spread from cancers in other parts of the body
Pancreatic surgery is used in cases of:
- Pseudocysts of the pancreas
- Pancreatic cancers (cystic, solid, neuroendocrine)
- Pancreatitis (but it is fairly rare for surgery to be needed)
Biliary surgery is performed in patients with:
- Benign strictures (narrowings) of the bile duct
- Gallbladder cancer
- Bile duct cancer
- Bile duct injuries that need repair (these can be a complication of gallbladder removal for gallstones)
- Gallbladder/bile duct congenital cysts | <urn:uuid:b91f1248-e0bf-4726-acfa-1d63938db5ef> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.charlesimber.co.uk/liver-and-pancreatic-surgery-pioneering-private-surgeon-london/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.933836 | 321 | 2.703125 | 3 |
- The Role of AI in Software Development: Benefits, Drawbacks, and Ethical Considerations
- Navigating the AI Revolution in Software Development and IT: A Career Guide
- Leveraging AI for the Complete Software Development Cycle as a Lone Developer
- This post has 685 words.
- Estimated read time is 3.26 minute(s).
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming industries worldwide, and the field of software development and IT is no exception. As AI becomes increasingly integrated into various aspects of technology, software developers, DevOps professionals, and IT staff must adapt to this evolving landscape. In this article, we will discuss how individuals in these roles can better prepare themselves for the increased use of AI, how AI is changing the software development process and industry, and explore new positions that AI is creating within the field.
The Impact of AI on Software Development and IT
AI is already making significant inroads in software development and IT, streamlining processes, enhancing efficiency, and enabling automation. Some key areas where AI is being utilized include:
- Automated Testing: AI-powered testing tools can identify bugs, vulnerabilities, and performance issues more effectively than manual testing, reducing development time and costs.
- Code Generation: AI can generate code snippets, speeding up development by automating routine tasks.
- Predictive Analytics: AI can analyze vast datasets to predict future trends, helping organizations make informed decisions about resource allocation and system maintenance.
- Chatbots and Virtual Assistants: AI-driven chatbots provide customer support, while virtual assistants automate routine IT tasks such as system monitoring and troubleshooting.
- Security: AI is used to detect and respond to security threats in real-time, improving system security.
- Data Management: AI assists in data classification, storage optimization, and data retrieval, making data management more efficient.
New Positions in AI-Enhanced Software Development and IT
As AI continues to evolve, it is creating new roles within the software development and IT industry. These positions include:
- AI Trainer and Data Curator: Professionals responsible for preparing and curating datasets used to train AI models. They ensure data quality, accuracy, and ethical considerations.
- AI Ethics Officer: Individuals tasked with ensuring that AI systems are developed and deployed responsibly, addressing ethical concerns and biases.
- AI Integration Specialist: Experts in integrating AI solutions into existing software systems, optimizing their performance, and ensuring seamless functionality.
- AI Solution Architect: Architects who design AI-driven systems, determining the overall structure and strategy for implementing AI technologies.
- AI Project Manager: Project managers specializing in AI projects, responsible for planning, execution, and successful delivery of AI initiatives.
Preparing for the AI Revolution
To prepare for the increasing use of AI in software development and IT, professionals should consider the following strategies:
- Learn the Basics: Start by gaining a fundamental understanding of AI concepts and technologies. Online courses and tutorials are readily available.
- Coding Skills: Continue to strengthen your coding skills, as AI will complement, not replace, human developers.
- Collaboration: Embrace collaboration with AI systems, understanding that they can enhance your productivity.
- Specialization: Consider specializing in areas of AI relevant to your role, such as natural language processing or machine learning for data analysis.
- Adaptability: Stay flexible and open to learning new AI tools and technologies as they evolve.
- Problem-Solving: Focus on problem-solving skills, as AI is a tool to solve complex challenges more efficiently.
- Mentorship: Mentor junior staff to help them adapt to AI and foster a culture of continuous learning.
- Strategic Vision: Develop a strategic vision for AI integration in your organization, aligning it with business goals.
- Ethical Considerations: Understand the ethical implications of AI and guide your organization in responsible AI development and deployment.
As AI continues to reshape the software development and IT landscape, professionals in these fields must adapt and evolve. Embrace AI as a tool to enhance your capabilities rather than a threat to job security. By staying informed, upskilling, and fostering a culture of responsible AI use, you can thrive in the age of AI while exploring exciting new career opportunities.
- “The AI Spring: How Artificial Intelligence is Transforming Business” – McKinsey & Company
- “The State of Artificial Intelligence in 2023” – Forbes
- “AI and the Future of Work: Redefining Skills to Thrive in the 2020s” – World Economic Forum
- “Artificial Intelligence in Software Development” – Towards Data Science
- “The Future of Work: A Literature Review” – International Journal of Computer Applications (Note: No online link available, please refer to academic databases or libraries for the full text) | <urn:uuid:2a246d5c-6bc3-403e-b646-5781530813b3> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.coderancher.us/2023/09/22/navigating-the-ai-revolution-in-software-development-and-it-a-career-guide/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.890773 | 986 | 2.734375 | 3 |
U.S. coining presses slowed significantly in November compared to the previous month and a year ago, according to the latest manufacturing figures from the United States Mint.
In the headline monthly figure, the U.S. Mint produced 898.38 million coins for circulation, marking declines of 22.2% from October and 12.9% from November 2018.
Here’s how the month stacks up against others in the past year:
November 2018 to November 2019 Circulating Coin Production
|November 2019||898.38 M||10|
|October 2019||1,154.94 M||5|
|September 2019||939.66 M||9|
|August 2019||767.32 M||11|
|July 2019||1,202.10 M||4|
|June 2019||1,021.654 M||8|
|May 2019||485.24 M||13|
|April 2019||1,253.76 M||3|
|March 2019||1,054.90 M||6|
|February 2019||1,256.10 M||2|
|January 2019||1,507.30 M||1|
|December 2018||560.64 M||12|
|November 2018||1,031.24 M||7|
The Federal Reserve always orders more 1-cent coins than any other denomination even as data shows it costs the U.S. Mint 2.06 cents to make and distribute each one. The bureau produced 568.4 million Lincoln cents last month, representing 63.3% of the circulating-quality coins produced in November.
In month-over month comparisons for coins used daily by Americans, production figures in November saw:
- 20.3 fewer Lincoln cents,
- 29% fewer Jefferson nickels,
- 45.9% fewer Roosevelt dimes, and
- 0.5% more America the Beautiful quarter dollars.
Native American $1 Coins and Kennedy half-dollars are no longer ordered by Federal Reserve Banks but they are still made in circulating finish for coin collectors. In January, the U.S. Mint tends to strike both coins to the expected amounts needed for the entire year.
That said, the bureau’s data for February did show an increase of 140,000 in 2019-D Native American dollars. Reported mintages for the space-themed piece are at 1.54 million for Denver and 1.4 million for Philadelphia for a combined 2.94 million coins — up from last year’s dollar mintages by the added 140,000.
Mintages for the 2019 Kennedy half-dollar remained the same for a tenth straight month, totaling 3.4 million coins with equal splits between the Denver and Philadelphia Mints. Last year’s half-dollar was the most produced since the one from 2001. It saw 6.1 million from Denver and 4.8 million from Philadelphia for a combined 10.9 million coins.
Here’s a summary of all circulating-quality coins produced last month:
US Mint Circulating Coin Production in November 2019
|Kennedy Half Dollars||0||0||0|
|Native American $1s||0||0||0|
U.S. Mint facilities in Denver and Philadelphia manufacture all of America’s coins for commerce. In November, the Philadelphia Mint produced 466.18 million coins and the Denver Mint produced 432.2 million coins.
In year to date production figures, the Philadelphia Mint struck 5,932,354,400 coins and the Denver Mint struck 5,609,000,000 coins for a combined 11,541,354,400 coins — 8.2% fewer than the 12,564,774,000 coins minted through the first eleven months of 2018.
This next table lists 2019 coin production totals by denomination and by U.S. Mint facility:
YTD 2019 Circulating Coin Production by Denomination
|1 ¢||5 ¢||10 ¢||25 ¢||50 ¢||N.A. $1||Total:|
The 2019 monthly average of about 1.05 billion coins tracks over 12 months to roughly 12.6 billion coins. The U.S. Mint made over 13.1 billion coins for circulation in 2018.
Mintages by Unique Design
The U.S. Mint released production figures for six annually issued coins with one-year-only designs. They include:
- the 2019 Lowell National Historical quarter for Massachusetts, released on Feb. 4;
- the 2019 Native American $1 Coin, released on Feb. 13;
- the 2019 American Memorial Park quarter for Northern Mariana Islands, released on April 1;
- the 2019 War in Pacific quarter for Guam, released June 3; and
- the 2019 San Antonio Missions quarter for Texas, released Aug. 26; and
- the 2019 Frank Church River of No Return Wilderness quarter for Idaho, released Nov. 4.
The following table offers a breakdown of this year’s mintages by coin design:
2019 Circulating Coin Production by Design
|Lowell National Historical Park Quarter (MA)||182,200,000||165,800,000||348,000,000|
|American Memorial Park Quarter (MP)||182,600,000||142,800,000||325,400,000|
|War in the Pacific National Historical Park Quarter (GU)||114,400,000||116,600,000||231,000,000|
|San Antonio Missions National Historical Park Quarter (TX)||129,400,000||142,800,000||272,200,000|
|Frank Church River of No Return Wilderness Quarter (ID)||0||0||0|
|Native American $1 Coins||1,540,000||1,400,000||2,940,000|
There are 368 million in quarters that the U.S. Mint has yet to officially assign to a design. These are likely Idaho’s Frank Church River of No Return Wilderness quarters. | <urn:uuid:6a7bec62-41f3-40f2-9337-9ba08f0e2794> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.coinnews.net/2019/12/13/u-s-mint-produces-nearly-900-million-coins-for-circulation-in-november/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.857476 | 1,269 | 2.515625 | 3 |
Earlier this month, Spain granted citizenship to over 4,000 Shepardic Jews under a new law aimed at atoning for the expulsion of their Jewish ancestors five centuries ago in the Inquisition.
The law allowing dual citizenship for descendants of Jews who were forced to flee Spain in 1492 or face burning at the stake was approved by the Spanish parliament in June and came into force on 2nd October.
The measure aims to correct what the Spanish government has called the “historic mistake” of the country’s Catholic monarchs sending Jews into exile in 1492.
Jewish groups have welcomed the law. Applicants do not have to be practising Jews but they must have their ancestry vetted by Jewish authorities and prove a “special connection” to and knowledge of Spain.
Historians believe at least 200,000 Jews lived in Spain before the monarchs Isabella and Ferdinand ordered them to convert to the Catholic faith or leave the country, on pain of death.
It is estimated today that up to 3.5 million people around the world have Sephardic Jewish ancestry.
Christians United for Israel UK | <urn:uuid:4d85de52-0788-4c23-8202-9aa0e7a3acb2> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.cufi.org.uk/news/spain-grants-citizenship-to-descendants-of-shepardic-jews-exiled-during-spanish-inquisition/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.963178 | 227 | 2.703125 | 3 |
The holidays are a wonderful opportunity for children to learn about your family's cultural traditions, as well as those of your friends and neighbors. If you're looking for a fun learning activity to teach your children more about the reasons for season, ask them to draw you a picture of their favorite holiday celebration on a piece of card stock. When they're finished, ask them about the pictures and images they used and discuss the meaning behind these symbols. Take the project a step further by turning their artwork into a fun jigsaw puzzle. You can draw the outlines of the puzzle pieces with a thick marker and let your child practice cutting them out or you can cut them out yourself. When you're finished, help your child put the puzzle back together. Encourage your child to give the puzzle as a holiday gift to a friend or loved one.
Materials: Sheet of card stock or thin cardboard, scissors, markers
Prep time: 30 minutes
Clean up: Minimal
Get a sheet of card stock or cardboard.
Decorate with pictures and symbols of your favorite holiday traditions.
Ask your child about the symbols and images he or she has chosen.
Cut the card stock into a dozen oddly-shaped pieces.
Mix the pieces up and spread on a table.
Have fun putting the pieces back together or give as a gift to a friend or loved one!
What Kids Learn:
Family & Community: Holiday Traditions
Social-Emotional Development: Building Relationships
Health and Well-being: Fine Motor Skills
Visit the Curious World Blog's Family Activities page to find more fun weekend activities to explore with your child. | <urn:uuid:bbb3f6fc-14ef-4001-9c5b-2ed2ee5ce524> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.curiousworld.com/blog/holiday-jigsaw-puzzle | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.936238 | 330 | 2.984375 | 3 |
Today we are posting a tutorial for drawing Clover Blossoms…a beautiful flower. I found this drawing lesson in an old book and I thought you might be able to use it. It isn’t quite like our other tutorials on the site, but hopefully it will help you. Have fun drawing this beautiful flower!
How to Draw Clover Blossoms in Easy Step by Step Drawing Tutorial
Start off by drawing the stem.
– Lightly draw triangle shapes.
– Lightly draw a circle at the top of the shape.
– Lightly draw a curved line within each triangle.
– Use the guidelines to help you draw the actual shape of the flower and leaves.
– The leaf shapes are like flattened ovals.
– Draw heart-like shapes in the circle at the top of the flower.
Finished Drawing of a Clover Blossom
– Draw more letter U shaped and heart-shaped petals all around the circles (at the top of the flower and the one at the bottom).
– Add lines in the leaves. | <urn:uuid:301c98af-4295-4ca8-aeac-750d27dc81fd> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.drawinghowtodraw.com/stepbystepdrawinglessons/2014/09/draw-clover-blossoms-flower-drawing-tutorial/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.892046 | 215 | 3.03125 | 3 |
n both 1925 and 1931 the Oregon Legislative Assembly refused to pass bills that would have sent to the voters a call to reconsider statewide prohibition. "Wet" interests finally used the initiative petition to put such a question before the voters in November of 1932. This initiative was passed by the voters, effectively eliminating the state's machinery for penalizing infringements of the prohibition laws (page 1 of vote proclamation ... page 2). In the summer of 1933, the voters repealed Oregon's constitutional prohibition amendment, and shortly thereafter Oregon ratified the 21st amendment to the U.S. Constitution, repealing national prohibition.
This did not mark the end of liquor control in the State of Oregon; almost immediately following the repeal of national prohibition, Governor Julius Meier began efforts that, by the end of the year resulted in the formation of the Oregon Liquor Control Commission, or OLCC, which continues selective regulation of liquor manufacture and sales in the state. | <urn:uuid:63b7a237-0a00-4cfe-83b6-4a3469ac32a4> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.druglibrary.net/schaffer/History/oregonprohib/repeal.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.949889 | 186 | 3.34375 | 3 |
One Hope For Kidz
Partnering with One Hope for Kids = Technology for Kids’ Education
Narrative: Elizabeth Peters is the founder of One Hope for Kidz, an organization whose goal is to ensure that every child has access to technology. They believe in changing the lives of youth by empowering and provisioning them with technological access. One Hope for Kidz is a diverse group of people who believe that doing life together isn’t just a suggestion, but a necessity, as they inspire and educate the youth.
On this episode of Smart Parents Successful Students, you will hear:
- Why it’s important to encourage girls to pursue a career in technology
- How donated technology items can impact the lives of kids in other parts of the world
- Ways to partner with One Hope for Kidz to support the education of needy children
- What technology resources kids in other countries need and how to help
- The significance of kids setting goals and writing them down
- The unwanted technology items that can be donated to benefit children in need
Elizabeth can be reached at 615-689-3242 and at firstname.lastname@example.org. Visit her website at https://onehopeforkidz.org. Find her on Facebook at onehopeforkidz and on Instagram at @onehopeforkidz and @elizabethpeters2008. To learn more go to onehopeforkidz.org. | <urn:uuid:1714d777-daa3-4da1-957d-8f0e94f0de27> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.dynamislearningacademy.com/one-hope-for-kidz/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.937372 | 301 | 2.546875 | 3 |
Welcome to GEOG 484 - GIS Database Development
In GEOG 484, students will learn to integrate geographic data compiled from various sources. The course consists of software-based projects, and explanations and discussions of concepts having to do with how GIS software can be used to integrate geographic data compiled from various sources. Students who successfully complete the course are able to specify and perform the tasks involved in creating a digital geographic database, including georeferencing scanned base maps, digitizing vector features, entering attribute data, and compiling metadata. Geography 484 requires use of Esri's ArcGIS software. GEOG 484 is the third in a series of four courses that leads to Penn State's Postbaccalaureate Certificate in Geographic Information Systems and can be applied toward the Penn State Master of Geographic Information Systems degree.
Learn more about GEOG 484, GIS Database Development (0:47 seconds)
Want to join us? Students who register for this Penn State course gain access to assignments and instructor feedback and earn academic credit. For more information, visit Penn State's Online Geospatial Education Program website. Official course descriptions and curricular details can be reviewed in the University Bulletin. | <urn:uuid:c777ef45-64bc-4a74-b819-53203eba8419> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.e-education.psu.edu/geog484/node/1776 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.885555 | 250 | 2.765625 | 3 |
OConnor, Thomas. ‘Surviving the Civil Constitution of the Clergy: Luke Joseph Hookes Revolutionary experiences’, Eighteenth-century Ireland/Iris an dá chultúr, Vol. 11 (1996), pp 129-145..
The French Civil Constitution reforms of 1790 forced ancien regime ecclesiastics to take the civic oath or be sacked from their posts. Among those who refused to pledge allegiance to the state was the Dublin-born priest, Luke Joseph Hooke, a resident in Paris since the 1720s and member of the Jacobite diaspora. Hooke was the chief keeper of books at the Mazarine library at the time of his dismissal, which he formally disputed to the court. Returning to his earlier radical strategies, Hooke reissued a pamphlet he had first written in the 1760s, in which he defined the Church as an equal if not more powerful entity than the state and one that should be independent of the civil authority. This article examines the pamphlet in both its original and reissued forms, discussing Hookes theories on ecclesiastical and civic power. | <urn:uuid:76887c07-1075-4a33-803d-ef1d1e02e0c2> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.ecis.ie/vol-11-o%C2%92connor-thomas/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.961093 | 227 | 2.84375 | 3 |
In 1988, Naguib Mahfouz became the first Arabic-language author to win the Nobel Prize in Literature, for with his “works rich in nuance—now clear-sightedly realistic, now evocatively ambiguous—he has formed an Arabic narrative that applies to all mankind.”
Mahfouz has been a prolific writer. In addition, he worked for thirty-five years as a full-time civil servant in numerous government ministries until his retirement in 1971. For many years, he also regularly contributed articles on a host of topics to Cairo newspapers.
A man of habit and great discipline, Mahfouz is seen as Egypt’s finest writer, and he is credited with making the novel and short story popular in Arabic literature, where poetry was the preferred genre for centuries. His work has been favorably compared to such Western European novelists as Honoré de Balzac, Charles Dickens, Thomas Mann, and John Galsworthy. He became well-known in his native Egypt with the Cairo trilogy (1956-1957), which traces the lives of three generations of a middle-class family between 1917 and 1944, a period of convulsive change in Egyptian society.
Mahfouz established his reputation in the English-speaking world with the translation of Midaq Alley, whose characters resemble people he met in the coffeehouses he frequented in the neighborhood of his birth. Consequently, his novels portray a realistic world; at the same time, the novels represent a universal social landscape. The novel is divided into thirty-five chapters and includes more than fifty named characters, of which a dozen play major roles. The real character however, is Midaq Alley; the people represent the personalities that make up the life of Midaq Alley. Beyond the main story are numerous parallel and subplots that add seriousness and complexity.
Midaq Alley pictures life in two different worlds—in the alley and away from there—and at two different times: the old time that stands still, and the new time of changes. Each major character is confronted by these conflicts between the old and the new, the here and the there, and each character comes to realize that for survival, life demands a commitment to one or to the other.
It is clear that Hamida chooses a new life away from Midaq Alley, and it is clear that she will survive. Her primary goal in life is to acquire material luxuries that the poverty of the alley is unable to provide. Since she is not bound by a traditional ethical code, becoming a prostitute presents no moral conflict for her, especially since she gains the personal power over others that she seeks.
Abbas, however, is a victim of this changing world. His love for Hamida forces him to leave the alley in order to earn money to provide a life for Hamida outside the only environment in which he can survive. When he finally returns, Hamida rejects him, and she uses him, once more, to fulfill her personal search for power.
Like Abbas, other characters find that they cannot exist in the duality. Salim Alwan is unable to fulfill the sexual fantasies of an elderly man longing for a young and beautiful wife. Umm Hamida has probably lost the riches that her foster daughter could have provided. Husain Kirsha finds his progress toward a life of ease halted when the British no longer employ him as the war comes to an end. Sheikh Darwish and Radwan Husaini become irrelevant in the alley. Although they attempt to represent positive moral forces, no one accepts their counsel.
Uncle Kamil, the opposite of the character of Hamida, is a survivor because he makes no effort to change his place in Midaq Alley, and he is not affected by the changing times. Hamida willingly prostitutes herself in the new world, and Uncle Kamil is always asleep.
Other characters, although important to the story, do not portray full lives either inside or outside Midaq Alley. Their purpose is to enhance and complete the mosaic of a complex society in a critical period of transition. | <urn:uuid:02472d7b-443a-4c7f-a39e-1a96fa95931d> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.enotes.com/topics/midaq-alley/critical-essays | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.968591 | 837 | 2.921875 | 3 |
Brief and simplified suggestion of gravity to strengthen, complement, accelerate, and support the scientific quest. And essential and meaningful progress and transformation (https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg24933240-100-we-may-have-to-rewrite-our-understanding-of-gravity) And as had suggested in diverse ways in past discernment: gravity can be defined as phenomena Process of Oneness of Wholeness (the whole is far greater than sum of its parts).
And can be specified as process of interaction of infinitely finite parts of sum of infinitely infinite parts of the greater whole in the local and non-local cosmos. Another way of saying or specifying is: gravity is dynamic emergence phenomena process of dependent and interdependent originating. And dependent and interdependent arising of sum of parts. Another way of specifying is: nothing has its own inherent intrinsic independent existence. Another way simple way of saying or specifying is dynamic process of parts of sum of parts intertwined and entangled in the local and non-local cosmos as a whole or wholeness. Equations, formulas, algorithms, and virtual technology can be means to explore nature of reality and truth. However, they are not. And can never be substitutes for dynamic process of existence or nature of reality and truth of epistemology and ontology.
As a brief and simplified example or illustration:
Even life and existence are of infinite potentialities of possibilities, diverse hypotheses and theories of modified gravity to solve dark matter are not possibilities or cannot be real or realistic for the following realistic main reasons:
All That Exist and Ever Exist evolved subtly through self-realized and self-actualized process (and mechanism) of being and becoming from nothingness (scientific term) or emptiness (philosophical term) to virtual (real. And not virual reality) spectra-field to more and more energetic spectra-field (dark spectra-field) to ordinary spectra-field to higher energetic spectra-field. Another way of saying is from extremely simplicity low energy to more complex energetic. And beyond.
And the evidence or empirical data should be now obvious:
1.0 Energy and spectra-field have to build up gradually over aeon of evolution. And optimization from simple mechanics phenomena to field. And beyond.
2.0 Recent empirical indicated or validated that spontaneous instantaneous energy is real phenomena (https://scitechdaily.com/quantum-vacuum-negative-energy-repulsive-gravity, https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/10/191002102750.htm). And which allowed the start of creation of All That Exist and Ever Exist.
3.0 Negative energy and virtual phenomena are interconnected with complex and imaginary phenomena as have been applied in quantum physics over the decades. And recently validated through empirical data (https://www.epistemologyontologyfoundationinstitute.org/philosophy-and-science-beyond-the-macro-world/researchers-investigate-imaginary-part-in-quantum-resource-theory, https://www.quantamagazine.org/imaginary-numbers-may-be-essential-for-describing-reality-20210303). A simple way of saying is: otherwise observed or described quantum phenomena would never be possible.
and beside others more obvious aspects of life and existence such as:
4.0 Without dark-spectra field, rise of ordinary or observable spectra-field (require far more energy) would not be possible. And therefore, existence of galaxies would never be possible.
5.0 The living experience of the many sentient composite body-mind system through process of being and becoming (i.e. know thyself. And therefore nature. And vice versa).
And therefore, process of creation can be explored through meaningful scientific process and method. And explained. However, essential fundamental aspects of evolution need to be understood. And developed. This is not to down play modified gravity ideas since science is a process (i.e. process of trials and errors, self-correction, and self-improvement). Furthermore, ideas whether correct, partially correct, or incorrect can give rise to or stimulate new and better ideas, inspirations, and aspirations. However, progress and advancement are not only about ideas, rather also about practical, essential, and meaningful self-correction and self-improvement process and applications.
Of course, it is preferable not to err. However, all or individual and collective are going through self-realized and self-actualized process of being in an interdependent and interconnected or intertwined and entangled cosmos of infinite potentialities of possibilities. And therefore, mistakes are parts of the scientific exploration and quest. However, it is would be unreasonable not to pro-actively (i.e. ethically and responsibly. And since after all, these are integrated core of science and the scientific quest and mission) apply self-correction and self-improvement scientific process since errors can lead to untold harm, injustice, and suffering in the known physical world. And beyond.
Epistemology of Life and Ontology of Existence Foundation and Institute | <urn:uuid:723c4d84-8dc2-49fc-8454-418034ceda7e> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.epistemologyontologyfoundationinstitute.org/nature-decode/march-04th-2021 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.902027 | 1,080 | 2.84375 | 3 |
The Coronation Book of Charles V commemorates the crowning of Charles as King of Lombardy by Pope Clement VII in the Bologna Palazzo Comunale. The same pope would crown Charles as Holy Roman Emperor two days later. The manuscript, a unique combination of liturgical and historical book, was created in Rome for the pope, presumably in 1530, shortly after the ceremony. It boasts a miniature depicting the ceremony, four painted borders, and twenty-five decorated letters.
The decorative ensemble at the bestowal of the ceremonial ring is a fine example of trompe-l'oeil ("fool the eye") painting (fols. 3v-4r). The end of the rubric and the opening words of the prayer are written on what appear to be irregularly shaped pieces of parchment curling away from the pages.
The Coronation Visualized
A miniature of the coronation ceremony takes the place where a historiated initial A should have appeared (fol. 4r). The bearded Clement is enthroned and wearing the papal tiara as he leans over to place a crown on Charles's head. Four cardinals and at least eight bishops are in attendance. Charles, in a golden mantel, kneels on a cushion. The walls of the chapel are lined with sumptuously embroidered textiles.
A Renowned Florentine Family
In celebration of the pope's illustrious family, the papal arms—the six Medici balls surmounted by the papal tiara and Saint Peter's keys—appear in the lower border of three pages (fols. 1r, 3v, and 4r). Furthermore, one of the noblemen pictured in the foreground of the miniature is Alessandro de' Medici (1510-1537), who would become Duke of the Florentine Republic in 1532.
The Iron Crown of Lombardy
The so-called Iron Crown of Lombardy was brought from Monza to Bologna for the coronation, but the manuscript's artist probably never saw it. The gold circlet with points pictured in the miniature was copied from Raphael's representation of the Iron Crown in a fresco of the Coronation of Charlemagne in the papal apartments at the Vatican—probably the painter's only reference for the crown's appearance.
The Coronation Book is an ordo—a Christian liturgical book prescribing texts and actions for a ceremony—and a history book. It looks like a liturgical book, but all the verbs are in the past tense, turning the liturgical prescriptions into a chronicle of a past event.
The text is written in Gothic Rotunda, the stately script customarily used for papal liturgical books at the time. Each prayer and rubric opens with a painted initial, most composed of classicizing foliate motifs on gold grounds.
A Pastiche Book
The text on the manuscript's first page was written on the blank verso of a sheet of parchment bearing text for another book (fol. 1r). The border of the same page is on a separate piece of parchment. These two pieces have been pasted into the Coronation Book to confect a title page.
The last leaf of the manuscript was created by pasting together two layers of parchment inscribed for another purpose. The book was presumably made for Pope Clement VII (1478-1534), but whether at his request has yet to be discovered. | <urn:uuid:3b70c1f7-8bc6-4986-a750-2691f8efdf72> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.facsimilefinder.com/facsimiles/coronation-book-charles-v-facsimile | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.938951 | 714 | 3.078125 | 3 |
A profession is a specialized work function within society, generally performed by a professional. For the monastic sense, see Profession (religious).
In a more restrictive sense, profession often refers specifically to fields that require extensive study and mastery of specialized knowledge, such as law, medicine, the military, nursing, the clergy or engineering. In this sense, profession is contrasted with occupation, which refers generally to the nature of a person's employment.
Terms such as occupational serve the purpose of upholding the distinction between professionals and others who for their living are dependent on their work rather than on their economic wealth. Such usage avoids the confusion caused by vague usage of the words professional and professionalism to express prestige, approval or a sense of exclusivity.
Sociologists have been known to define professionalism as self-defined power elitism or as organised exclusivity along guild lines, much in the sense that George Bernard Shaw characterised all professions as "conspiracies against the laity". Sociological definitions of professionalism involving checklists of perceived or claimed characteristics (altruism, self-governance, esoteric knowledge, special skills, ethical behaviour, etc) became less fashionable in the late 20th century.
The distinction between laypersons and professionals denotes the critical aspect of more liberal definitions of a profession: being paid for the work. As such, ball players and movie makers may be professionals, although their work does not fit the strict definition offered above.
Historically, the number of professions was limited: members of the clergy, medical doctors, and lawyers held the monopoly on professional status and on professional education, with military officers occasionally recognised as social equals. Self-governing bodies such as guilds or colleges, backed by state-granted charters guaranteeing monopolies, limited access to and behaviour within such professions.
With the rise of technology and occupational specialisation in the 19th century, other bodies began to claim "professional" status: engineers, paramedics, educationalists and even accountants, until today almost any occupational group can -- at least unofficially -- aspire to professional rank and cachet, and popular recognition of this trend has made possible the widespread recognition of prostitution as "the oldest profession".
In modern usage, professions tend to have certain qualities in common. A profession is always held by a person, and it is generally that person's way of generating income. Membership in the profession is usually self-restricted and self-regulated. For example, laywers regulate themselves through a bar association and restrict membership through licensing and accredidation of law schools. Hence, professions also typically have a great deal of autonomy, setting rules and enforcing discipline themselves. Professions are also generally exclusive, which means that laymen are either legally prohibited from or do not have the wherewithal to practice the profession. For example, people are generally prohibited by law from practicing medicine without a license. Professions also require rigorous training and schooling beyond a basic college degree. Lastly, because entrance into professions is so competitive, their members typically have above average mental skills.
There is no standard definition of a modern professional, however. Beyond the classical examples (lawyers, doctors, etc.) there are many groups that claim status as a profession, and many who would dispute that status. For example, school teachers often refer to their occupation as a profession, even though it is not exclusive (people teach others outside of the traditional school environment), nor is entrance competitive, nor are they self-regulating (laypeople in state legislatures or on boards of education typically set the rules for and regulate teachers).
The existence of a traceable historical record of notable members of the profession can serve as an indicator of a profession. Often, these historic professionals have become well known to laypersons outside the field, for example, Clarence Darrow (law), Edward Jenner (medicine), and Florence Nightingale (nursing). In modern times, however, there is no standard definition.
Last updated: 08-16-2005 22:29:36 | <urn:uuid:24d6b27a-699a-46ea-b4d8-243671061cf3> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.fact-archive.com/encyclopedia/Profession | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.959395 | 816 | 3.4375 | 3 |
Tesla is developing a new casting process aimed at essentially creating the entire undercarriage of their vehicles in a single piece, using giant presses. This innovation is expected to significantly reduce production costs, allowing Tesla to offer an electric vehicle with a starting price of $25,000. If successful, Tesla could potentially introduce a new car model every two years or even less.
In the case of the Model Y, Tesla currently manufactures subframes using the Gigacasting process, where subframes are composed of a single aluminum piece made through casting. Now, the company is looking to take the next step by producing the entire undercarriage as a single piece, reducing complexity and costs further by employing even larger presses. For comparison, the equivalent section of a traditional car consists of around 400 pieces.
One drawback of casting large parts is that making changes to the testing mold can be incredibly expensive. Minor alterations are estimated to cost at least $100,000, while major ones could range from $1.5 million to $4 million. Given that multiple changes are typically needed for proper design, substantial investments are required before production even begins.
However, Tesla has found a solution by partnering with ExOne, a Desktop Metal company, which uses sand to 3D print molds. Using sand-based molds is likely to cost around 3% of the total creation cost of a traditional mold, even with multiple modifications. This method could also speed up the process, reducing the time required to create molds from six months or a year to just two months.
Tesla aims to create a lightweight undercarriage to reduce weight and save costs while providing crash safety. The only way to create these undercuts is by using compact sand cores, with the sand being removed after the casting process.
As impressive as this process sounds, there are several disadvantages. Casting large parts requires very powerful presses, or Tesla could follow a slower approach with less powerful presses to create higher-quality castings, but at a slower pace.
Another significant drawback of casting the entire undercarriage in a single piece is that it essentially makes the car unrepairable if it’s involved in a collision. There is also the risk of metal fractures, a problem Tesla previously claimed to have solved by creating a highly specialized aluminum alloy that wouldn’t encounter this issue. However, recent reports indicate that a Model S owner found the front suspension subframe of his car to be cracked.
Nevertheless, Tesla may adjust the alloy it plans to use for the undercarriage and, if successful, the results could be impressive. As for the $25,000 model, Tesla has hinted it will draw design inspiration from the Cybertruck but hasn’t provided further details. | <urn:uuid:f1bd9d33-d0e7-4c88-9a83-ff52bf6b18e7> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.firefighterhourly.com/1485/tesla-wants-to-make-the-lower-part-of-the-car-a-single-piece | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.956186 | 554 | 2.75 | 3 |
LANSING, Mich. (AP) — Trees in Michigan’s northern Lower Peninsula are dealing with a periodic attack from forest tent caterpillars.
The caterpillars strip leaves from oaks, aspens and sugar maples. The Department of Natural Resources says widespread outbreaks happen every 10 to 15 years.
Forest health specialist Roger Mech says trees rarely die from tent caterpillar defoliation unless already weakened by drought or other stresses.
Caterpillar feeding has ended for this season, so spraying insecticides is no longer an effective control method.
Instead, landowners should make sure affected trees get at least one inch of water per week during the growing season. Applying a slow-release fertilizer in the fall can help them recover.
Removing dead or ailing trees can keep others in a woodlot healthy by providing more sunlight and reducing competition for nutrients. | <urn:uuid:1dc3fab6-7ac0-4232-8c84-564662a2cc93> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.fox17online.com/2017/06/29/forest-tent-caterpillars-ravaging-northern-michigan-trees | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.934395 | 179 | 3.15625 | 3 |
Last week began yet another month set aside for celebrating the history of victims of “systemic racism,” “white supremacy,” slavery, colonialism, and imperialism, to name a few of the historic crimes perpetrated by “whites.” What started as a correction of historical writing vitiated by partiality and prejudice, today has degenerated into rank politicization that provides leverage to some political factions––mostly progressive Democrat clients–– at the cost of historical truth.
The first problem with “Hispanic Heritage Month” is the name. The only meaningful definition of that imprecise word “Hispanic” is something like “Hispanophone,” those who speak Spanish. Such a category includes nearly half a billion people comprising a vast diversity of ethnicities, nations, religions, customs, cultures, mores, cuisines, folkways, and histories. So which of those thousands and thousands of “heritages” will we be celebrating all month?
We can be sure that the lion’s share of these “heritages” will be Mexican. There’s a good reason for that: until recently, most of the legal or illegal immigrants have come from Mexico. The American Southwest, after all, was conquered and settled by Spaniards, and became part of Mexico after the 1821 revolution. This history, including the Mexican War of 1846-48 which ended with Mexico ceding the Southwest to the U.S., is part of American history, and should be taught as such, warts and all.
But in fact, what is generally taught from grade school to university is a politicized history that serves the leftist, Howard Zinn melodrama of racist “white” Euro-American invaders and colonizers who destroyed the indigenous peoples and their idyllic cultures in order to monetize their stolen lands with oppressive capitalists and their Christian flunkeys.
Every Columbus Day, for example, we are regaled with such simplistic, often cartoonish narratives that leave out all the complexities and nuances of real history. Typical of this ahistorical mentality is the “Wanted Poster” promulgated in 1992 by a South American indigenous organization, which lists Columbus’s crimes as “grand theft, genocide, racism, initiating the destruction of a culture, rape, torture, and instigating the big lie.”
Nor was this a fringe opinion. Kirkpatrick Sale’s bestseller of the same year, The Conquest of Paradise, legitimized these question-begging epithets with slanted interpretations of selected evidence. Yet many of these tendentious revisions of history have made it into textbooks and curricula, especially in various “studies” programs in universities.
The politically correct or “woke” history of Mexico and its encounters with the U.S. exhibits the same dubious historical claims, cherry-picked evidence, and lack of complexity, let alone actual facts. Starting in the Sixties, one controversial myth-history was popularized by the student activist group MEChA. Their claim is that the whole Southwest was once “Aztlán,” the homeland of “La Raza,” the “bronze” race, who are “the Chicano inhabitants and civilizers of the northern land of Aztlán from whence came our forefathers,” as the “Plan of Aztlán” puts it.
This “homeland” was lost to the “brutal ‘gringo’ invasion,” and the goal of the “Plan” is the “reconquest” of that lost homeland. Like most ethnic myth-histories such as “systemic racism” and its corollary “white fragility,” the racist drift of all this is obvious in the motto of MEChA: “For the Race everything, outside the Race, nothing,” a creepy reprise of Mussolini’s “Everything within the state, nothing outside the state, nothing against the state.”
Today the fascist motto has been dropped, along with some of the more militant beliefs, as has the moniker “Chicano,” which like “Latinx” never caught on with ordinary Mexican-Americans. The organization also has backed off some of the more blatantly illiberal identity politics, seeking a wider influence that can attract more than just ethnic Mexican students, since migrants from Latin and Central America have increased substantially. But the “stolen land” trope continues, even if the more lurid fantasies are down-played.
The “history,” however, remains a political myth and a curricular staple. The notion that Mexican immigrants are merely returning to their ancestral homeland is useful for gaming the politics of immigration and policies like virtual open borders and lax vetting protocols. Hence the popular slogan, “We didn’t cross the border, the border crossed us.”
Yet this narrative of a homeland ravished by gringo invaders conceals other historical falsehoods in addition to the fantasy of Aztlán. The fact is, the vast majority of Mexicans who immigrated to the Southwest, especially California, did so after it became part of the United States. Before then, the only Mexicans who ended up in the province of Alta California were retired soldiers, criminals, orphans, and the political cronies of the ruling elite, who acquired 26,000,000 acres of land on which most of them raised cattle on haciendas worked by indigenous peons.
Indeed, many of the roughly 15,000 inhabitants before the Gold Rush weren’t Mexican at all, but American and British merchants who married into grandee Californio families and traded the hides and tallow produced by vast herds of cattle. So many came from New England that these immigrants were call bostoños. With the grandees they formed a quasi-aristocracy who chafed under the Mexican central government’s high-handed neglect. Many before the Mexican War with the U.S. were scheming to become part of the States or some other great power like Britain or Russia.
Most important, the Mexican government’s neglect and failure to make any effort to develop the region, and the incessant political conflicts over who should rule Alta California helped to create a people whose identity was distinct from Mexicans’, and so instead they called themselves Californios. Visitors consistently remarked on their anachronistic dress, opulent lifestyle, and distinct appearance so different from Mexicans.
But today, no one is interested in real history, which is much more complex than the racialist melodrama of oppression and grievance. As with most of the “identities” celebrated on designated months, the mythic history of unjust oppression burdens the majority culture with the responsibility to adapt to and accommodate the cultures of those it has victimized.
Hence as we have seen over the last three decades, the dominant culture must expiate its historical crimes with various sorts of reparation and entitlements: amnesties for illegal aliens, nullification of federal immigration laws by “sanctuary cities,” and bestowing on non-citizens drivers licenses, voting rights, food stamps, and free room and board and health care.
Even the technical term from international law, “illegal alien,” must be discarded, since these folks from Mexico are not “aliens,” but rather some sort of refugee simply reclaiming what was once theirs by right, a land whose authentic culture was violently displaced and distorted by the gringo occupiers.
This virtual legalization of illegal aliens, moreover, is the realization of what the “Plan of Aztlán” called “Restitution for past economic slavery, political exploitation, ethnic and cultural psychological destruction and denial of civil and human rights.” Thus a “reconquest” impossible by force will be achieved through demography and the abandonment of the old model of assimilation, in an attempt to make the U.S. more like the cultures illegal aliens risk their lives to flee.
The point is not that the West has not committed violence and injustice against other peoples. But those crimes are universal to a flawed human nature and its destructive impulses, and the dynamic culture of the West made them more efficient at such depredations. But what’s unique is the Western self-consciousness and self-criticism that have led to recognizing that such inhumanity like slavery is a crime to be fought against and eliminated. This cultural habit is what created a country like the United States, to which millions of people from around the globe risk their lives to be part of.
Much of what goes on during these commemorative months is unexceptional. No one objects to the descendants of immigrants celebrating and acknowledging their ancestors’ customs, holidays, and cuisines. But identity-politics still determines which ethnicities get their yearly month of celebration. Irish, Italians, Chinese, Japanese, Armenians, and many others rarely get the same national attention. Only those identities that “woke” ideology defines by dubious “histories” of “oppression” by “white supremacy” and “systemic racism” are politically useful enough to make the cut.
This tribalism doesn’t bode well for our country, which depends on an “unum”––political freedom and equality, and unalienable rights possessed by individuals, not favored groups–– that can weld so many “pluribus” into a nation. Using bad history to divide and pit ethnicities against each other compromises that common ground, and dangerously undermines the oikophilia that makes us willing to fight and die in its defense. | <urn:uuid:bd733211-363d-4ce3-90b3-5fbc4cbb938d> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.frontpagemag.com/another-month-set-aside-for-politicized-history/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.960845 | 2,039 | 2.703125 | 3 |
Science has a long and storied history of looking for one thing but finding something better instead. Penicillin, radioactivity, science boxes…I mean microwave ovens — all of these discoveries came in the the search for something else. Researchers at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Tennessee announced that they too had unintentionally discovered something incredible: a means of transforming carbon dioxide directly into ethanol using a single catalyst…
Read the rest of the article by Andrew Tarantola in Engadget.
A basic income is a periodic cash payment unconditionally delivered to all on an individual basis, without means-test or work requirement.
That is, a basic income has the five following characteristics:
Periodic: it is paid at regular intervals (for example every month), not as a one-off grant.
Cash payment: it is paid in an appropriate medium of exchange, allowing those who receive it to decide what they spend it on. It is not, therefore, paid either in kind (such as food or services) or in vouchers dedicated to a specific use.
Individual: it is paid on an individual basis—and not, for instance, to households.
Universal: it is paid to all, without means test.
Unconditional: it is paid without a requirement to work or to demonstrate willingness-to-work.
A wide variety of Basic Income proposals are circulating today. They differ along many other dimensions, including in the amounts of the Basic Income, the source of funding, the nature and size of reductions in other transfers that might accompany it, and so on.
Although BIEN has not endorsed any particular proposal, and it is open to people who favor very different proposals, BIEN’s 2016 General Assembly endorsed a very broad description of a proposal in the following resolution:
A majority of members attending BIEN’s General Assembly meeting in Seoul on July 9, 2016, agreed to support Basic Income that is stable in size and frequency and high enough to be, in combination with other social services, part of a policy strategy to eliminate material poverty and enable the social and cultural participation of every individual. We oppose the replacement of social services or entitlements, if that replacement worsens the situation of relatively disadvantaged, vulnerable, or lower-income people…
A physicist in Fermilab, Arden Warner, has somehow managed to come up with a brilliant solution, one that does not involve chemical agents. The method is so simple and non-destructive way of collecting oil spills and uses abundant and naturally occurring earth minerals – Magnetite.
Though oil is non-magnetic, adding powdered magnets, they were able to get them attracted in clumps as magnets adhered to the sticky mess. In turn, the magnetites carried the oil, cleaning the spill in a way that was so simple and yet so effective.
Laser Power Systems from Connecticut has created its own thorium engine, which weighs around 500 pounds and could power a car for 100 years on only eight grams of thorium. The key energy source is a mildly radioactive metal, and one of the most dense materials known in nature, thorium. The thorium would be used to power a laser, which would then heat water, creating steam that turned a small turbine and propelled the car.
Laser Power Systems has spent more than 20 years in the quiet research and development of Uranium and thorium-fueled High-energy and Ultra-High energy lasers. LPS is now ready to make its research public and offer-for the first time in history – safe, clean, affordable, abundant, carbon-free energy on a global scale.
In the past ten years, computer technology was developed that allowed us to move thorium forward as a viable fuel source. The key factor in the computer analysis is discerning the difference in the reactions of thorium and U235.
– Eliminates production of greenhouse gases
– Dramatically lowers the volume and toxicity of waste
– Significantly improves safety
– Removes the hazards associated with current fuel production
– Operates in an environmentally safe manner
– Prevents nuclear weapons proliferation
– Significantly reduces MaxFelaser size and complexity
– Drastically reduces fuel costs
The LPS MaxFelaser fueled Thorium laser can produce electricity for less than $0.01 per kilowatt-hour.
The natural abundance of thorium, its low cost of mining and milling, the low volume of waste produced, and its lower long-term radiotoxicity mean that the LPS MaxFelaser systems.
Uses fuel that—mass for mass—is 500 times cheaper and produces about 18 million time more energy than Coal.
Has less than 50% of the capital costs, based on a design philosophy of robust mechanical simplicity.
This information comes from the website of Laser Power Systems.
SeaOrbiter is the only vessel in the world allowing a 24/7 exploration on long-term missions of the open sea and the abyss.
An exploration vessel and a universal scientific laboratory dedicated to the discovery of the underwater world and the education around sustainable development applied to the ocean.
Multiple scientific missions and a large education plan. SeaOrbiter is the only one- of- its- kind scientific and educative platform, complementary to existing observation and analytical tools of the oceanic world.
The missions conducted from the vessel will enable to better understand the links between ocean and atmosphere, the planktonic balance, the decrease of marine biodiversity or the impact of climate change upon the marine world and its wealth of life.
SeaOrbiter will allow discovering and valorizing new marine richness which will, tomorrow, enable the development of major innovations in various fields such as nutrition, health, biotechnologies or renewable marine energies. SeaOrbiter is also a powerful education tool dedicated to the marine world and engaging all generations.
This information comes from the website of SeaOrbiter. | <urn:uuid:d5d9e460-e181-478d-ac6d-60bafa898826> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.gaiainnovations.org/status/research/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.929292 | 1,211 | 2.53125 | 3 |
Our mission in Visual Arts is to provide a safe place for students to experiment and take risks, while providing the structure necessary for building age appropriate skills leading to confident young artists.
Performing Arts at GAA provides students with the opportunity to engage the mind, body, and emotions into a collaborative expression that allows students to express themselves fully. Students are encouraged to explore music, drama, and movement. Through study and performance, students are able to explore and present themes and ideas. They are able to discover their own individual voice while learning new techniques through lessons and guided listening. We give our students the tools to think creatively, to innovate and appreciate diverse cultures and backgrounds.
Drama is recognized as a subject that benefits the overall learning and development of children. There are three main strands to the effective use of drama: a means to build children’s confidence and develop their social skills, a teaching approach for exploring cross-curricular subjects and issues, and an aid in developing children’s performance and self-presentation skills. Students explore the use of facial expressions, gestures, movement, posture, and vocal techniques. Here at GAA, students experience drama through a wide variety of stories. Throughout the year, all students are given the opportunity to perform onstage during grade level Arts Festivals. Grade 3 - 5 students are given the opportunity to audition for the Elementary school play that is produced in the Fall of each school year.
The ultimate goal of music education in our Primary Years Programme (PYP) is to create a solid foundation of vocal music along with strong music notation and note reading skills. Every student has the opportunity to play an instrument in an ensemble setting. All students are exposed to, and well versed in, the use of ORFF instruments. Throughout the year, all students are given the opportunity to perform in grade level Arts Festivals. Students in grades 3 and 4 are able to learn the recorder, while students in 5th grade learn the piano.
Here at GAA we believe that movement/dance plays an important role in society and brings communities together. Through our program, students are able to develop body awareness, balance, coordination, flexibility and strength. Students use their bodies as a medium of expression and are able to create movement/dance pieces independently. | <urn:uuid:1d3c0707-6395-4b15-bca5-fb3117df801c> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.gemsaa-abudhabi.com/en/Student-Life/Arts/Elementary-Arts | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.954312 | 463 | 2.71875 | 3 |
The material resulting from the fossilization of single-celled algae that are covered with a bed of silica is called diatomaceous earth. The name of these algae is Diatomite and hence the name of the earth. This seaweed has an exoskeleton of silica minerals.
These algae feed on silica by transforming it into organic silica. They have an amorphous structure and are located inland due to their occupation for millions of years. Diatomaceous earth has a biogenic origin, but it has unique physical properties in contrast to other silica minerals.
Does diatomaceous earth kill scorpions?
Yes, it kills scorpions. Diatomaceous earth is an inert mineral that is not toxic but is an effective ecological insecticide. By a strictly physical action, it kills scorpions and scorpions since the mineral adheres to the body of the insect producing that they dehydrate.
Although the soil is harmless, it should not be absorbed. It must be sprinkled in dry form for good effectiveness through an applicator obtaining this way a good coverage. It is not recommended that it be applied in humid zones since the mineral loses its effect completely.
How does diatomaceous earth affect scorpions?
Diatomaceous earth is a mineral element naturally produced from microscopic single-celled algae in a living state anywhere in the world called diatomites. These algae act on arthropods causing them to dehydrate very slowly.
The way diatomaceous earth works is totally physical. It is a purely mechanical process, it is not chemical, and it is not toxic. This is why it is only dangerous for invertebrate animals, and therefore for insects. It is not dangerous for vertebrate animals, so you can use it with peace of mind if you have pets.
Does diatomaceous earth repel scorpions?
Diatomaceous earth is not a repellent, so it does not repel scorpions; it simply acts mechanically, slowly dehydrating them when they contact the mineral organic silica. It is a non-toxic element and does not produce odor, so it is not a repellent.
It must be ensured that the diatomaceous earth is applied uniformly as a thin layer of dust. Once applied, it can be brought into the assisted area since it is an element that does not affect humans or vertebrate animals. This product can be purchased in garden stores.
How to get rid of scorpions with diatomaceous earth
In the presence of scorpions in the house’s courtyards, it is best to use diatomaceous earth to eradicate them. This mineral works as a natural insecticide, and it is not toxic for people or domestic animals. It is easily available in nurseries.
A purely physical process
The scorpions have a respiratory system based on tracheas that allow the conduction of oxygen to the animal’s interior to perform gaseous exchanges by diffusion method. It has several closing mechanisms in the entrance holes to prevent water loss.
When the insect comes in contact with the diatomaceous earth, this adheres to its body, not allowing the animal’s breathing process and at the same time does not allow the entry holes to close, thus starting a loss of water from the body, leading to imminent dehydration. | <urn:uuid:a83ec4f0-3fee-448d-ae45-578d09d0a39e> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.getridofallthings.com/does-diatomaceous-earth-kill-scorpions/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.940235 | 687 | 3.328125 | 3 |
Turkish culture is a very old and deep-rooted culture and has been present in a wide geography throughout the world and carries the traces of both sedentary and nomadic lifestyles. Due to the geographical location of its distribution area, it has been affected by many cultures and has affected these cultures. The Turkish culture, which was born in Central Asia, has spread to various parts of Eurasia, the Caucasus, the Balkans, the Middle East and Asia Minor and has interacted with nations here. The Turks have been present in Asia Minor since the end of the 11th century and today this peninsula houses the Republic of Türkiye.
Although 93% of the population lives in the urban areas today, Turkish culture has developed inside the rural areas throughout its whole history. The early Turks used to build tents out of goat hair and live in a nomadic lifestyle in which they’d choose high plateaus in summer and plains in winter. The features of this lifestyle can still be observed within the daily life of Turkish people. Decorating the houses with rugs and carpets, having rich breakfast in case not finding anything to eat for dinner, choosing animal husbandry as a source of main income can be the best examples.
The Turks are one of the rare nations of human history which have been subject to many religions (even Judaism and Buddhism). Yet, the Turks met Islam in the 8th century AD and today the majority of Turkish people are muslim. Before that, the Turks had shamanistic beliefs and today one can still witness some features of it in their lifestyles. To give some examples; when a family member is leaving the house, it is common to throw water after them so that “they would go as water and come back as water”; when someone has a wish, they tie a piece of fabric on a centenary plane tree; and some religious ceremonies are held on the 7th, 42th and 50th day after a family member is lost.
One of the most distinctive features of Turkish culture is the strong family relations. Although the family is usually formed up of parents and children, the relatives see each other very frequently. This strong bond within the members of families can be understood only by looking at the language. The Turkish language has a word for almost every member of the extended family, even the wives of two brothers and the husbands of two sisters have a name for each other!
As stated earlier, Turkish culture has spread through a very large area in the world and has been influenced by the nations of these areas. This can be easily seen in its cuisine, which is one of the most popular in the whole world. In today’s Türkiye, different cuisines can be witnessed although it is all considered Turkish. In the west, where the land is quite fertile, the cuisine is based on vegetables and they are highly dressed with olive oil; meanwhile the north houses some different fish dishes and as there is a huge amount of animal husbandry in the east it contains a lot of meat.
To sum up, Turkish culture contains so many different features that never cease to surprise people and it is impossible to learn anything about it without paying a visit to the country.
- Why do the Turkish people throw water after someone who is leaving?
So that they’d go as water and come back as water.
- Why is the Turkish breakfast so rich?
The Turkish people used to lead nomadic lifestyles and in the fear of not finding anything for dinner, the nomads had a lot to eat during breakfast.
- When did the Turkish people start migrating into Asia Minor?
The Turkish people has made Asia Minor home since the 11th century. | <urn:uuid:3b79edf3-d80a-4ab8-ad96-1e33a89fdebe> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.gezenthi.com/culture-of-turkey/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.983138 | 752 | 3.390625 | 3 |
For the first time in a single volume, this book provides choral directors with a comprehensive guide to score analysis techniques used by the world’s leading choral conductors and innovators.
Together with the companion Volume I: The Choral Rehearsal—Techniques and Procedures (and DVD), this series is an essential guide to productive and musical choral rehearsals written by a leading voice in choral pedagogy. This volume deals with the preparation of both the psychological and spiritual aspects of the choral rehearsal. Areas covered include:
• Score analysis of Julius Herford
• Score study through colorization by Margaret Hillis
• Vocal technique analysis system of Frauke Haasemann
• Score analysis based upon the note-grouping theories of Marcel Tabiteau as espoused by James Thurmond
• Analysis and guide to Renaissance metric flexibility
• Laban Movement Score Analysis
• Choosing literature for your choir
• A voice teacher’s advice to choral directors concerning their rehearsal process
Designed for use by all conductors, this text is a valuable and groundbreaking resource for choral conductors at both the undergraduate and graduate levels.
Archival example of a Hillis score. Excerpt from Walton's Belshazzar's Feast.
Images courtesy of the Margaret Hillis Collection,
Rosenthal Archives of the Chicago Symphony Orchestra.
James Jordan, Associate Professor of Conducting, Senior Conductor, and Conductor of The Westminster Williamson Voices at Westminster Choir College of Rider University, is considered to be one of the most influential choral conductors and educators in America. For thirteen years he served as Conductor of The Westminster Chapel Choir. He is also Conductor of Anam Cara, a twenty-voice professional choral ensemble based in Philadelphia. | <urn:uuid:fa5133d0-cf73-4327-95ce-c87279653996> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.giamusic.com/store/resource/the-choral-rehearsal-volume-2-inward-bound-book-g7129 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.896473 | 369 | 2.578125 | 3 |
The Music course introduces you to some of the disciplines involved in an academic study of the subject. It develops the skills, knowledge and understanding needed to communicate through music and to take part in music-making, whether as a composer, a performer or a listener.
A minimum of five GCSE subjects at grade 4 or above including a 4 in English and Maths. Music performance standard of at least grade 6 is required, the exam does not have to have been taken. Students should also have an understanding of Music Theory to grade 5 level.
Private theory lessons are available through the College and will need to be taken if your ability is slightly below this level at enrolment. Music GCSE can be beneficial but is not essential.
|Performing||You will perform a recital of at least 8 minutes of continuous performance that will be recorded. The minimum standard of playing should be Grade 7.||30%||Non-examined assessment|
|Unit 2||Composing||You will complete one composition. This can be a free choice or chosen from a list of briefs. You will also complete one technical study. Combined, these compositions must total at least 6 minutes.||30%||Non-examined assessment|
|Unit 3||Appraising||You will study the following types of music: vocal, instrumental, film, pop and jazz, fusions and new directions. The exam will contain listening tests and essays on the set works and associated music.||40%||Examination over 2 hours 10 minutes|
Immerse yourself in as many different styles and genres of music as possible. Try watching the BBC Proms or going to a Music Festival over the summer. There are also lots of interesting documentaries available on BBC 4 via the iPlayer. Ensure that you have theory skills to grade 5 levels and practice your instrument/singing at least 5 times a week.
Aural awareness is encouraged through singing activities, dictation and listening exercises, both in and out of the classroom. Your study of harmony and compositional techniques involves weekly exercises which can be completed with the aid of a keyboard instrument, as well as longer composition assignments that involve the use of computer software.
In analysis, you are given short written tasks, arising from classwork, or as preparation for lessons. You should expect to write a short essay most weeks. Performing skills are developed throughout the course. Students regularly perform in the classroom or in College concerts.
In addition to academic work, Music students would be involved in solo and ensemble performing and contribute to some of the department’s ensembles which include Concert Orchestra, Jazz Band, Funk Band, The Godalming College Singers, Chamber Choir, String Ensemble and various chamber ensembles (such as harp quartet, flute choir, string quartet). Music students perform in regular internal and external college concerts and at local music festivals.
Music A Level is a comprehensive qualification that offers you the development of a wide range of skills including analysis, criticism, creative expression, verbal, written and musical communication, discipline, initiative, teamwork and the application of ICT.
Few other subjects cover such a range of disciplines, so Music is recognised as excellent preparation not only for music-related careers but also for progression into other fields.
Music can be studied for single honours at university or conservatoire, but there are also many joint honours courses.
The majority of our Music students progress to studying Music at Russell Group universities or conservatoires, some receiving scholarships.
Recent University Offers:
Recent Conservatoire Offers:
Hear from our Students, Teachers & Staff
"Where words fail, music speaks" ~ Hans Christian Anderson | <urn:uuid:f9a8bc3c-d4f6-4935-97b3-bb10934a2c1e> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.godalming.ac.uk/Music-A-Level.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.937378 | 758 | 3.15625 | 3 |
Usable Knowledge The Ups and Downs of Social Media A new study teases out the emotions of social media, finding that teens generally focus on the positive Posted May 16, 2018 By Leah Shafer Watch teenagers using social media, and you witness an emotional rollercoaster: they are intermittently ecstatic, furious, envious, heartbroken, charmed, anxious, obsessive, and bored.Research has begun to zero in on nearly every part of this spectrum, with findings that run from alarming (screen time is linked to depression and suicide) to reassuring (many teens find social media empowering). But for those looking for a clear-cut "good or bad" verdict on social media, the reality is that it's a little of each — but generally a much more positive experience than many parents might think. A new study finds that teenagers report feeling all kinds of positive and negative emotions when describing the same social media experiences — posting selfies, Snapchatting, browsing videos — but the majority rate their overall experiences as positive. Understanding these nuances can help families better grasp their teens’ up-and-down experiences in the digital world, the study suggests, offering new insight on how best to support them.A Study on Adolescent Social Media UseIn the study, adolescent social media expert Emily Weinstein analyzed surveyed responses from 568 high school students at a suburban public high school in the United States. The students, who were evenly split between female and male, were heavier users of social media than the average American teen: 98 percent said that they were online “almost constantly” or “several times a day,” compared to 80 percent of teens nationally. Eighty-seven percent of these students used Instagram, 87 percent used Snapchat, and 76 percent used Facebook. Teens felt empowered and excited when they shared important aspects of their identities with others. But they also worried about being judged by peers and expressed anxiety over not getting enough likes. The surveys asked students to check off any of 11 listed emotions that they typically felt while using social media, as well as the emotions they believed their peers felt while using those apps.Weinstein also analyzed data from 26 in-depth interviews with those surveyed (16 females and 10 males). These students walked the researchers through their experiences on Instagram and Snapchat, describing the content they saw and how they reacted to it.A Spectrum of Positive and Negative Feelings — with Positive PrevailingThe study found that teens had four main ways of using social media — and although they acknowledged negative emotions from each, most described their experiences as generally positive. Teenagers use social media:for self-expression (sharing posts that portray who you are and what you care about);for relational interactions (messaging and connecting with family, friends, and romantic interests);for exploration (searching areas of interest); andfor browsing (general scrolling through feeds and apps).None of these modes of social media use resulted in purely negative emotions, as reported by teens. Each led to both positive and negative emotions.In self-expression mode, teens felt empowered and excited when they shared important aspects of their identities with others, and they enjoyed looking back at their personal Instagram feeds to reflect on how they’d developed over time. But they also worried about being judged by peers and expressed anxiety over not getting enough likes. For relational interactions, teens felt happy to stay connected with peers, and many actually strengthened offline relationships with friends and significant others through social media. They enjoyed keeping in touch with faraway family members, too. But they also felt overwhelmed by the number of messages they had to respond to, and many felt left out when they saw friends posting together without them. When exploring, teens enjoyed learning more about their interests, such as cooking or sports, or exploring new passions, such as activism or gun control. But they also reported viewing distressing and graphic images and stories. When browsing, teens often felt amused and inspired by the different photos and videos they came across. But they also saw things that made them envious, insecure, or sad: a peer with thousands of followers, a deluge of images of attractive people, or even posts expressing appreciation for a parent or sibling, if they personally didn’t have that type of familial relationship.Despite this variety of emotions, most teens described their experiences in mainly positive terms, found Weinstein, who is a postdoctoral fellow at the Harvard Graduate School of Education. Seventy-two percent of the teens reported feeling happy on social media, 68.5 percent amused, 59.3 percent closer to friends, and 57.8 percent interested in the experience. Only 6.7 percent reported feeling upset, 7.9 percent irritated, 10.2 percent anxious, 16.9 percent jealous, and 15.3 percent left out. And 70 percent of the teens described their general experiences on social media using only the positive descriptors. Just cutting teens off from social media entirely may not be the best solution, since that will likely cut them off from positive experiences as well. For Families, Helping Teens Ride the RollercoasterAs parents grapple with their own anxiety over teens’ smartphone use, they should keep in mind that many teens are having routinely positive experiences on social media. Yes, teens are aware of negative emotions — fear, distress, jealousy, but from their perspective, feelings of connection, amusement, and inspiration also abound. Families also need to remember that many of these negative feelings are developmentally normal. “Self-disclosure, validation, and concerns about acceptance and belonging are core components of adolescent development and friendship that predate and are present in youths’ digital interactions,” writes Weinstein. And teens’ online experiences often mirror their offline strengths and struggles, so insecurity or anxiety may not stem solely from social media use. Parents should take teens’ negative experiences seriously, especially if their mood or behavior has changed, or if these negative feelings are affecting daily activities. But cutting them off from social media entirely may not be the best solution, since that will likely cut them off from positive experiences as well. At all points, families should talk to their teens about their experiences on social media. Figure out together what exactly they enjoy, and what challenges they are facing. Oftentimes, parents and teens can come up with tailored solutions to unique challenges — unfollowing a certain account that contributes to a negative body image, or refraining from posting on a certain app that leads to anxiety, for example — that still allow teens to hold onto what they enjoy. The Rise of Smartphones Listen to a conversation with pyschologist Jean Twenge about smart smartphone use — how smartphones have transformed teens' lives, and how teens who limit their phone use to two hours a day have the highest levels of wellbeing, Usable Knowledge Connecting education research to practice — with timely insights for educators, families, and communities Explore All Articles Related Articles Askwith Education Forum Askwith Education Forum Highlights Teen Well-Being in a Tech-Filled World U.S. Surgeon General Vivek Murthy detailed the struggle many adolescents have with social media and what can be done to help Usable Knowledge Strengthening Teen Digital Well-Being Tips for talking with teens about social media and thinking traps Usable Knowledge Teens in a Digital World Teachers, parents, and other adults can help teens navigate the pressures of their very online lives. | <urn:uuid:ac48d695-0495-4b58-abce-82a4def6aedc> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.gse.harvard.edu/ideas/usable-knowledge/18/05/ups-and-downs-social-media | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.949944 | 1,490 | 3.421875 | 3 |
Have you ever found yourself scrolling through a lengthy Word document, searching for a specific section or page? It can be frustrating and time-consuming, especially when you’re working on a tight deadline. Fortunately, Microsoft Word has a nifty feature that can help you navigate through your document with ease: bookmarks. Bookmarks allow you to mark specific sections or pages in your document and quickly jump to them whenever you need to. In this step-by-step guide, we’ll show you how to create bookmarks in Word document and make your document navigation a breeze.
## 1. Why Use Bookmarks in Word Document?
I apologize for the confusion, but the subheading 1. Why Use Bookmarks in Word Document? is not a step-by-step guide. It is a topic that needs to be explained in detail. Here’s a detailed explanation of why to use bookmarks in Word Document:
Bookmarks in Word Document are a great way to quickly navigate through a large document. They allow you to mark specific sections of your document and create links to those sections. This can be especially helpful in long reports, manuals, and eBooks.
Here are some reasons why you should use bookmarks in Word Document:
1. Easy Navigation: Bookmarks make it easy to navigate through your document by allowing you to quickly jump to specific sections. This is much faster than scrolling through the entire document to find what you’re looking for.
2. Organize Your Document: Bookmarks allow you to organize your document into logical sections. For example, you could use bookmarks to mark each chapter in a book or each section in a report.
3. Create Links: Bookmarks allow you to create links to specific sections of your document. This is useful if you want to reference a specific section of your document in another document or on a website.
4. Save Time: By using bookmarks, you can save time when working with large documents. Instead of scrolling through the entire document, you can quickly jump to the section you need.
Creating a bookmark in Word Document is easy. Here’s how to do it:
1. Select the text or section of the document that you want to bookmark.
2. Click on the Insert tab in the ribbon.
3. Click on the Bookmark button.
4. In the Bookmark dialog box, give your bookmark a name and click Add.
To navigate to a bookmark, simply click on the Bookmark button again, select the bookmark you want to go to, and click Go To.
In summary, bookmarks in Word Document are a great way to quickly navigate through a large document, organize your content, create links, and save time. By following the steps above, you can easily create bookmarks in your document and start using them to improve your productivity.
## 2. How to Create Bookmarks in Word Document?
Sure, here is an extremely detailed step-by-step guide for creating bookmarks in Word Document:
Step 1: Open the Word Document
Open the Word Document where you want to create bookmarks.
Step 2: Select the Text
Select the text that you want to create a bookmark for.
Step 3: Click Insert
Click on the Insert tab on the top menu.
Step 4: Click Bookmark
In the Links section, click on the Bookmark icon.
Step 5: Name the Bookmark
A Bookmark window will open up. Name the bookmark whatever you want. Bookmark names should be descriptive and easy to remember.
Step 6: Click Add
Click on the Add button to save the bookmark.
Step 7: Add Additional Bookmarks
Repeat the above steps to add additional bookmarks in the document.
Step 8: Navigate to Bookmarks
To navigate to bookmarks in the document, click on the Insert tab and then click on the Bookmark icon. All the bookmarks will be listed under the Bookmark window.
Step 9: Select the Bookmark
Select the bookmark that you want to navigate to and click on the Go To button.
Step 10: Edit or Delete Bookmarks
To edit or delete bookmarks, navigate to the Bookmark window, select the bookmark, and then click on the Edit or Delete button.
– Bookmarks can be used to create an interactive table of contents in a long document.
– Bookmarks can be used to quickly jump to specific sections or pages in a document.
– Be sure to give bookmarks descriptive names so that they are easy to remember and navigate to.
By following these simple steps, you can easily create bookmarks in your Word Document, making it easier for you to navigate and find the content you need.
## 3. Tips for Using Bookmarks in Word Document Effectively.
3. Tips for Using Bookmarks in Word Document Effectively
Now that you know how to create bookmarks in Word Document, it’s time to learn how to use them effectively. Here are some tips that will help you use bookmarks to their full potential:
1. Use Descriptive Names for Bookmarks
When you create a bookmark in Word Document, it’s important to give it a descriptive name. This will make it easier for you to find the bookmark later on. For example, if you create a bookmark for a section titled Introduction, name the bookmark Introduction instead of Bookmark 1.
2. Use Bookmarks to Navigate Your Document
Once you have created bookmarks in your document, you can use them to quickly navigate to different sections. To do this, simply click on the Bookmark button on the Insert tab, select the bookmark you want to go to, and click Go To. This will take you directly to the bookmarked section.
3. Use Bookmarks to Create Hyperlinks
Another way to use bookmarks is to create hyperlinks. For example, if you have a table of contents in your document, you can create bookmarks for each section and then create hyperlinks to those bookmarks in the table of contents. This will allow readers to quickly navigate to the section they are interested in.
4. Use Bookmarks to Create Cross-References
You can also use bookmarks to create cross-references in your document. For example, if you have a figure or table that is referenced in multiple sections of your document, you can create a bookmark for that figure or table and then create cross-references to that bookmark in each section where it is referenced.
5. Update Bookmarks When You Make Changes
If you make changes to your document that affect the location of bookmarks, such as adding or deleting sections, be sure to update your bookmarks accordingly. To do this, simply select the bookmark you want to update, click on the Bookmark button, and then click Update.
By following these tips, you can use bookmarks in Word Document to make your documents more organized and easier to navigate.
In conclusion, creating bookmarks in a Word document is an easy and efficient way to navigate through lengthy documents. By following the step-by-step guide outlined in this post, you can create bookmarks that will help you quickly find the information you need and improve your productivity. Don’t forget to experiment with different formatting options and styles to make your bookmarks stand out and make your document more user-friendly. With this new skill under your belt, you’re sure to become a Word document pro in no time. | <urn:uuid:6476c3be-0281-46bd-bd3f-f963b832a9cd> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.halfofthe.com/how-to/how-to-create-bookmarks-in-word-document-a-step-by-step-guide/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.851864 | 1,542 | 2.9375 | 3 |
4th Jul, 2020
There have been many urban legends about Marx’s life. An oft-repeated myth is that Marx attempted to dedicate one of the volumes of Capital to Darwin. This claim has been refuted, in my view rather persuasively, by M. Fay’s scholarly detective work in which she demonstrated that the attempt to dedicate a book (The Students’ Darwin) to Darwin was not made by Marx, but rather by Edward B. Aveling, the lover of Marx’s daughter Eleanor.1
Obviously not at the scale of the above myth, an interesting speculation has relatively recently been made by Sam Bowles, based on a conversation with William Jaffe: that Karl Marx and Leon Walras vacationed in the Summer of 1862 on the same lake in Switzerland.2
Here is the first dialogue in Sam Bowles’ play “Three’s a crowd: my dinner party with Karl, Leon, and Maynard”:
“KARL (warmly shaking Leon’s hand as he rises)
Leon [Walras], I am very sorry that we were not able to meet that summer in 1862 when we vacationed on the same lake in Switzerland. (Pause, Leon starts to say something but Karl continues) Perhaps I could have persuaded you that even your modest market socialist reforms could be implemented only by a revolutionary working class.”
Had I known of your interest in mathematics, Karl—may I call you Karl?—I certainly would have looked you up.” (Bowles: 13)
Bowles provided information about the facts described in his play at the end of the text. Regarding the claim that Marx and Walras vacationed on the same lake in Switzerland during the Summer of 1862, Bowles writes: “The playwright recalls that in his youth William Jaffe (Leon’s biographer3) mentioned this to him, but it may not have really happened.”
Let me first explore (and speculate on) the uncertainty of the above claim regarding Marx’s vacation in Switzerland during the Summer of 1862. Later, I will suggest a (speculative) explanation for W. Jaffe’s remark to Bowles concerning the Marx-Walras vacation.
June: As usual, Marx experienced financial difficulties. The Vienna paper Die Presse did not publish enough of Marx’s pieces. His wife Jenny tried “in vain to raise money by selling part of Marx’s books.” (Draper: 112.)
July: Even though Die Presse published four articles by Marx, their financial plight continued. Engels helped them pay part of their debt. Lasalle came to London for the Industrial Exhibition and often met with Marx (July 9 – August 4). Draper writes: “Marx learns of Lasalle’s plan to launch a movement among German workers based on the demands for universal suffrage and producers’ cooperatives with state aid (by the Prussian state). Marx reached the opinion that Lasalle’s state-socialistic views are essentially reformist and reactionary. To Lasalle’s proposal that Marx be English correspondent for his planned organ, Marx replies he would be willing 'for good pay' but without political responsibility for the paper, since he and Lasalle 'agree politically on nothing' save certain distant objectives.” (Draper: 112.)
August: A day before Lasalle leaves, Marx reveals his financial difficulties. “Lasalle agrees to arrange for a loan of £15 [about $2300 today] plus possible future drafts provided Engels guarantees repayment.” (Draper: 112). Marx travels to Zaltbommel in the Netherlands “to ask his uncle Lion Philips for financial help, but Philips is away on a trip.” He then goes on to Trier to see his mother, and “on the way he stops in Cologne.” (Draper: 112.)
These activities and travels are also confirmed by Gabriel’s account for the same period. Although Marx visited a couple of places outside England in August, those were mostly related to securing financial help. During the month of July, Marx was also preoccupied with Lasalle’s visits. On these grounds, I highly doubt that Marx had the time and money to spend his vacation on a lake in Switzerland during the Summer of 1862, where he might have met Walras.
Regarding Jaffe’s passing comment on the vacation that Marx and Walras might have spent on a lake in Switzerland in 1862, I would suggest the slim possibility that Jaffe may have misread one of the most authoritative biographies of Marx published during the 1970s: D. McLellan’s Karl Marx: His Life and Thought (also published as Karl Marx: A Biography). There, McLellan discussed Lasalle’s visit to London and his meetings with Marx during July 1862. His description of Lassalle’s personality is in itself interesting: a "Don Juan and a revolutionary Cardinal Richelieu. And there is also his continual chatter in an unnatural falsetto voice, his ugly demonstrative gestures and didactic tone. And it must indeed have been difficult for Marx to tolerate long the company of a man who could, with complete self-assurance, begin a speech with the words: 'Working men! Before I leave for the Spas of Switzerland ...'” This quote from Lasalle mentioning “the Spas of Switzerland” comes from a book by R. Morgan, The German Social Democrats and the First International (Cambridge, 1965).
So, the year (1862), the season (Summer), and the lake in Switzerland (Spas of Switzerland) would seem to support that a vacation was indeed taken there. The only problem is that the person who may have taken that vacation was probably Lassalle, not Marx!
- 1. Margaret A. Fay, 1980. “Marx and Darwin: A Literary Detective Story” Monthly Review. March.
- 2. This speculation is tolerable because it is a part play about a fictional gathering of K Marx, L. Walras, and J.M. Keynes. Bowles, Sam. 2013. “Three’s a crowd: my dinner party with Karl, Leon, and Maynard” in Jeannette Wicks-Lim and Robert Pollin, eds. Capitalism on Trial: Explorations in the Tradition of Thomas E. Weisskopf. Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing.
- 3. Apparently, Jaffe only completed the first two chapters of Walras’s biography and was never able to finish it before he died in 1980. Walker, Donald. 1981. “William Jaffe, Historian of Economic thought, 1898-1980” American Economic Review. 71 (5).
- 4. Draper, Hal. 1985. The Marx-Engels Chronicle: A Day-by-Day Chronology of Marx and Engels’ Life and Activity. New York: Schocken Books.
- 5. Gabriel, Mary. 2011. Love and Capital: Karl and Jenny Marx and the Birth of a Revolution. New York: Little, Brown and Company. | <urn:uuid:853eea60-5aaa-4ee4-b0ef-ea3811ac4984> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.historicalmaterialism.org/blog/did-marx-ever-meet-walras-lake-switzerland | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.955502 | 1,498 | 2.625 | 3 |
The War of 1812 between Britain and the United States was fought on many fronts: single ship actions in the Atlantic; a US invasion of Canada, which the Canadians heroically resisted; the burning of the new US capital, Washington, by the British, the President's house subsequently painted white to hide the fire damage; and an unsuccessful attack by the British on New Orleans. The war is usually seen as a draw. However, as this book demonstrates, it was in fact a British victory. The United States achieved none of its war aims, and the peace, concluded in December 1814, met Britain's long-term maritime needs.
This book reassesses the war, showing how the British achieved success through an effective commercial maritime blockade which had devastating consequences on the vulnerable, undeveloped US economy. Neutral vessels were included - one of the causes of the war had been the United States' objection to British interference with US ships in Britain's war with Napoleonic France - and Britain's refusal to concede this point enabled the strategy of commercial maritime blockades to be reused by Britain to good effect in subsequent wars, including those of 1914-18 and 1939-45.
Author: Brian Arthur
Title: How Britain Won the War of 1812: The Royal Navy's Blockades of the United States, 1812-1815
First Published by: Boydell Press
Date: 17 November 2011 | <urn:uuid:994571d7-4423-4ae1-b488-8c57d692ce52> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.historicnavalfiction.com/other-genres/aos-naval-non-fiction/aos-general/how-britain-won-the-war-of-1812-the-royal-navys-blockades-of-the-united-states-1812-1815 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.949075 | 283 | 3.515625 | 4 |
The words theirs, there's sound the same but have different meanings and spellings. Why do theirs, there's sound the same even though they are completely different words?
The answer is simple: theirs, there's are homophones of the English language.
Used to indicate the one or ones belonging to them: The red house is theirs. If your car doesn't start, take theirs.
Usage Problem His or hers: brought his own lunch and expected everybody else to bring theirs. See Usage Notes at he1, they.
contraction of there is
contraction of there has
contraction of there are See there're.
Definitions from The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, 4th Edition, from Wiktionary, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License and Wordnik.
Homophones (literally "same sound") are usually defined as words that share the same pronunciation, regardless of how they are spelled. | <urn:uuid:9ef81fd5-9490-4519-98ae-52878af7462d> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.homophone.com/h/theirs-there-s | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.935842 | 195 | 3.53125 | 4 |
West Face House Plan with Vastu | House Plans Daily
Vastu Shastra, an age-old traditional Hindu system of architecture, plays a potent role in constructing and planning buildings and homes to foster positivity and harmony.
Vastu Shastra, an age-old traditional Hindu system of architecture, plays a potent role in constructing and planning buildings and homes to foster positivity and harmony. This principle, deeply rooted in directional alignments and energy flow, can significantly influence a dwelling's atmosphere and its occupants' well-being. This exploration delves into the fundamental ideas of Vastu Shastra, focusing on west-facing house plans, a direction often misconceived in Vastu. It seeks to demystify the key concepts to consider while designing a west-facing house, including the strategic plotting of rooms, proper alignment of entrances, and precise placement of integral spaces like the kitchen, bedrooms, and bathrooms.
Moreover, it provides detailed insights into potential Vastu challenges, usually associated with west-facing residences. This includes understanding its potential impacts on wealth and health, subsequently presenting remedial solutions to neutralize any negative influences, leading to a more balanced and harmonious home environment.
Understanding Vastu Shastra
In today's ultra-modern, high-tech society, there's a powerful movement placing great importance on ancient wisdom—a fantastic and often understated blend of science and art. This is the reason why the ancient architectural practice of Vastu Shastra is increasingly being considered when building houses. Let's dive into the importance of Vastu Shastra and its implications in the housing industry.
Drawing on an ancient, rich knowledge base, Vastu Shastra refers to the 'science of architecture,' an intrinsic component of the Indian culture. This segment of wisdom has proven its relevance, resilience, and impact over countless years. Its core principles revolve around designing and organizing spaces in a manner to align with the natural energies of the universe characterized by harmony and balance.
One significant point worth noting is the relevance of Vastu Shastra in harnessing positive energy. The effect of energy on human interactions and mood is an undeniable reality. Incorporating Vastu principles within a home ensure that all spaces within a house are strategically adjusted to attract and retain the positive energy flow.
Besides enriching homeowners with a constant influx of positive energy, Vastu Shastra also provides seamless harmony with nature. By aligning the layout of a house with the cardinal directions—north, south, east, and west—it ensures the optimum use of natural energy sources such as sun, wind, and water. This could directly translate into a healthier lifestyle, increased longevity, and enhanced mental wellbeing owing to the synergistic alignment with the Earth's magnetic fields.
Moreover, Vastu practices influence the prosperity of the house owners by ensuring financial stability. For instance, the east, according to Vastu, represents prosperity and therefore, making sure the home entrance faces this direction helps attract wealth. Principles like these spotlight the link between home design and the financial prospects of those living within these spaces.
It is also worth noting that the principles of Vastu Shastra affect the resale value of a house. The increasing acceptance of Vastu compliant structures in society has notedly impacted the real estate landscape. Houses built adhering to Vastu principles tend to have a more expansive market, thus securing maximum profitability for investors and homeowners.
In conclusion, the importance of Vastu Shastra in building a house cannot be understated. Whether it's harnessing positive energy, aligning with nature, ensuring financial stability, or enhancing resale value, the potential benefits of integrating Vastu principles into house construction are profound and vast. Optimally amalgamating ancient wisdom with modern construction practices demonstrates adaptability, thereby driving innovation in the housing industry. And in the ever-evolving business landscape, innovation indeed reigns supreme.
west-facing house plan
Planning a West-Facing House as per Vastu
When it comes to crafting a west-facing house plan hinged on Vastu principles, several key factors fall into play. Though Vastu Shastra, the ancient Hindu architectural practice, has been introduced and its significance underscored, it's just as crucial to get into the nitty-gritty of constructing west-facing homes based on these principles.
- Entrance Placement: In Vastu, the entrance of the house holds immense importance - it's where the primary energy flow comes from. For west-facing homes, it's preferable to have the entrance in the North-West direction. The positive vibes entering from this direction can enhance both the occupants' health and prosperity.
- Room Positioning: The layout of your rooms should adhere to Vastu norms too. The master bedroom is ideally placed in the South-West corner, the bathroom in the North-West or West areas, the kitchen ideally in the South-East, while the prayer room is best placed in the North-East corner of the house. Following these guidelines positively impacts relaxation, health, and overall well-being.
- Water Sources Placement: Vastu emphasizes the strategic location of water sources in a house. The water storage units, like water tanks and water sumps, should ideally be located in the North-East. This positioning is believed to attract wealth and maintains a sense of tranquility.
- Garage and Outbuildings Placement: According to Vastu, the positioning of the garage and outbuildings also play a part in bringing in good energy. The ideal location for a garage is the North-West side of the plot.
- Windows and Balcony: The large windows and balconies should preferably be on the North or East sides. This ensures receipt of the morning sun’s rays which are rich in ultraviolet light resulting in a healthier indoor environment.
While the concept of Vastu might seem abstract at first glance, its principles bring about tangible results. From enhancing financial stability to contributing to the overall mood and energy of the inhabitants, aligning living space with nature's rhythm can be a real game changer. This practice, bridging the old with the new, proves that business and spirituality can be mutually enhancing. As companies and developers adapt and innovate, Vastu principles could be the key to unlocking radical advancements in the housing industry.
This application of ancient wisdom isn't just for enhancing your daily lives, but can serve as an attractive selling point should you ever want to venture in the real estate market. With the correct principles in place, Vastu-based houses can command a robust resale value, making it a worthy consideration for all homeowners and builders alike. Thus, creating a Vastu-compliant west-facing home is not just about embracing old practices, it's about enhancing and innovating modern living while honoring an old tradition.
West Facing Houses
Overcoming Vastu Challenges in West-Facing Houses
Delving into the realm of west-facing homes, it's important to identify the inherent Vastu challenges that may prove inconvenient or detrimental to the homeowners. Recognizing and attending to these issues not only enhances a home’s aesthetic appeal, it may also boost its value in the real estate market, which is a significant incentive from a business perspective.
West-facing homes often face criticism due to several misconceptions. Here, the task is to debunk these myths and carve a path towards rectifying potential Vastu concerns, promoting wellness, prosperity, and stability.
The entrance, for example, is a focal element in Vastu principles. The main door of a west-facing house should preferably be located in the North West, which is deemed auspicious and welcoming to positive energies. A door that opens to a lush garden or a beautiful landscape can visually enhance the entrance while aligning with Vastu principles for energetic harmony.
Room positioning is pivotal. In a west-facing house, the children's room should ideally be in the west for it offers the requisite elements for growth and learning. The master bedroom on the western side creates an environment of peace and tranquility. Meanwhile, the kitchen, placed in the southeast, reinforces a positive energy balance, promoting health and prosperity.
Water source locations demand care while planning. Placing a borewell or a water tank in the northeast section of a west-facing house ensures a positive energy flow, which is linked to prosperity and abundance.
Meanwhile, the placement of the garage and additional outbuildings should be toward the north-west or south-east. This allows a free-flowing pathway for the entry and exit of vehicles, all while maintaining a Vastu-compliant residence.
In the context of windows and balconies, imbibe the essence of natural rhythm. Large windows and open balconies on the north and east enhance morning light reception, aligning with Vastu principles. Ensuring for sufficient aeration and sunlight, it contributes to a vibrant and healthy living environment.
Vastu principles hold the power to transform not just homes, but also the lives of those residing in them. A strategic alignment of your living space with nature's rhythm can boost health, prosperity and well-being. Simultaneously, it could encourage a higher resale value for your property.
Ultimately, the true essence of Vastu Shastra in a west-facing house lies in striking a balance - a balance between nature's elements, the house's construction, and the dweller's comfort and aspirations. As a dynamic, responsive, and innovative approach, Vastu ushers in a new, revitalizing aura that transforms homes into tranquil, harmonious and prosperous living environments.
Engaging with the traditional wisdom of Vastu Shastra, we have navigated through its foundational principles and application in developing west-facing house plans. This exploration has illuminated the inherent complexities and subtle nuances of applying Vastu principles, highlighting the value of conscious design and strategic placement in cultivating a harmonious home environment. We comprehend that potential challenges can arise and that these concerns are commonly linked to aspects of wealth and health. But as we have found, these perceived hurdles offer us opportunities for growth, enabling us to counteract obstacles through practical remedies. The knowledge shared within this journey empowers anyone planning a west-facing home to create a space imbued with harmony, prosperity, and positive energy, thus underscoring the transformative power of Vastu Shastra. | <urn:uuid:2156007f-a751-4cc2-bb72-79edd0eaf283> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.houseplansdaily.com/west-face-house-plan-with-vastu-house-plans-daily | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.916005 | 2,164 | 2.625 | 3 |
Beginning today, all of the South Shore Line’s services and 41 daily trains running through northern Indiana will be powered exclusively by renewable energy, primarily from win d and solar energy resources.
“Our trains, which are already considered to be one of the cleanest modes of transportation, just got a little cleaner,” said John Parsons, Northern Indiana Commuter Transportation District planning and marketing director. “When NIPSCO approached us about the opportunity, we felt it was a great fit and we are hopeful that it will help provide an added incentive to attract new riders to the South Shore Line.”
To ensure the electricity used by the South Shore Line to power its train system can be attributed to renewable energy, NIPSCO has purchased Renewable Energy Certificates for the train system. RECs are the environmental attributes that are derived when electricity is generated from renewable and/or environmentally friendly sources.
“This partnership is another example of our ongoing efforts to help promote environmental sustainability and stewardship,” said Kathleen O’Leary, NIPSCO president. “We”re doing our part to support the local environment, and we want to help empower our customers to do the same.”
NIPSCO will purchase the RECs for a six-week period from July 16-Aug. 30, 2012.
The partnership also helps raise awareness for NIPSCO’s proposed Green Power Rate program, which is currently being reviewed by Indiana Utility Regulatory Commission. The program would allow NIPSCO customers to designate a portion, or all of their monthly electric usage to be attributable to power generated by renewable energy sources, including wind, solar, geothermal, biomass and hydroelectric power.
For a complete list of South Shore Line’s train schedules, visit www.nictd.com.
Or, to learn more about what you can do to help support the environment, and to see what NIPSCO is doing, visit NIPSCO.com/environment. | <urn:uuid:b0c0c4d8-b32e-4cb7-9eb0-ea650ac767d7> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.inkfreenews.com/2012/07/17/train-service-going-green/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.945895 | 412 | 2.5625 | 3 |
John Horton Conway (1937–2020) came up with an algorithm in 1973 for mentally calculating what day of the week a date falls on. His method, which he called the “Doomsday rule” starts from the observation that every year, the dates 4/4, 6/6, 8/8, 10/10, 12/12, 5/9, 9/5, 7/11, and 11/7 fall on the same day of the week , what Conway called the “doomsday” of that year. That’s Monday this year.
Once you know the doomsday for a year you can bootstrap your way to finding the day of the week for any date that year. Finding the doomsday is a little complicated.
Conway had his computer set up so that it would quiz him with random dates every time he logged in.
Recently I’ve been thinking about mental exercise rituals, similar to Conway having his computer quiz him on dates. Some people play video games or solve Rubik’s cubes or recite poetry.
Curiously, what some people do for a mental warm-up others do for a mental cool-down, such as mentally reviewing something they’ve memorized as a way to fall asleep.
What are some mental exercise rituals that you’ve done or heard of other people doing? Please leave examples in the comments.
More on Conway
The drawing at the top of the page is a sketch of Conway by Simon Frazer. The strange thing coming out of Conway’s head in the sketch is Alexander’s horned sphere, a famous example from topology. Despite appearances, the boundary of Alexander’s horned sphere is topologically equivalent to a sphere.
Conway was a free-range mathematician, working in a wide variety of areas, ranging from the classification of finite simple groups to his popular Game of Life. Of the 26 sporadic groups, three are named after Conway.
Here are some more posts where I’ve written about John Conway or cited something he wrote.
Because this list of dates is symmetric in month and day, the rule works on both sides of the Atlantic. | <urn:uuid:31802361-2dcc-4f2c-b228-ea2e3c01b17c> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.johndcook.com/blog/2022/05/04/mental-exercise-rituals/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.957904 | 454 | 2.78125 | 3 |
If you’re a fan of fish and chips, you’re probably familiar with malt vinegar.
This tangy condiment is a staple in many households and restaurants, but have you ever wondered if it contains alcohol?
The answer is yes, but the amount is very small.
In this article, we’ll explore the origins of malt vinegar, how it’s made, and why it contains residual alcohol.
We’ll also discuss whether or not malt vinegar is halal and offer some tips for using it in your cooking.
So grab a plate of fish and chips and let’s dive in!
Does Malt Vinegar Have Alcohol In It?
As mentioned earlier, malt vinegar does contain alcohol, but the amount is minimal. According to industry convention, finished vinegar usually has 0.3% – 0.4% ABV. This residual alcohol is left for a couple of reasons. First, it has a positive effect on the flavor of the vinegar and its absence can make vinegar more sharp and astringent.
The specific type of alcohol used in malt vinegar is different from the wines used to make most other European vinegars. Malt vinegar is made by malting barley, turning it into a beer, and then allowing the beer to turn into vinegar. The malting process converts the natural starch in the barley into a sugar known as maltose. When the malted barley is fermented, the maltose changes into alcohol. The mixture is then fermented in a special way to turn the alcohol into vinegar, which has a high concentration of acetic acid, giving it a distinctive tangy taste.
The Origins And Making Of Malt Vinegar
Malt vinegar has been a staple in British cuisine for centuries. Its origins can be traced back to the early days of beer brewing in Britain. As the country was known for its beer-drinking culture, the early vinegars were simply beer that had turned sour. The beer was left to acetify completely, and then processed, packed, and sold in the area around the local beer brewery. The area of sales covered only a few miles radius from the brewery, as this was as far as a horse could travel and return in a day.
Malt vinegar is made from fermented barley grains known as malt. The process starts by malting barley, which involves soaking the grains in water until they begin to sprout. The sprouted barley is then dried and roasted to stop the germination process. This process converts the natural starch in the barley into a sugar known as maltose. Once the maltose is produced, it is brewed into ale, which is further fermented to produce malt vinegar.
The fermentation process involves adding a bacteria culture called acetobacter to the ale. This bacteria consumes the alcohol in the ale and converts it into acetic acid, which gives vinegar its tangy taste. The mixture is then aged to allow the flavors to develop further.
Malt vinegar can also be made at home using a simple method. One can buy a six-pack of beer with no preservatives, go to a wine supply store and buy a few ounces of mother, dump the mother into the warm, flat beer, put it in a warm dark place, and soon they will have more vinegar and mother than they will ever need. Mother reproduces forever as long as it is fed so one needs only to buy a vinegar mother once.
Why Malt Vinegar Contains Residual Alcohol
The residual alcohol in malt vinegar is not only present for flavor purposes, but it also plays a role in the fermentation process. During the brewing phase, the malt’s sugars are converted into alcohol. This alcohol is then converted into acetic acid during the bio-oxidation process that turns the beer into vinegar.
Additionally, the residual alcohol in malt vinegar is important for its preservation. The acetic acid in vinegar acts as a natural preservative, but the small amount of alcohol left in the vinegar can also help to prevent spoilage and bacterial growth.
It’s important to note that the amount of residual alcohol in malt vinegar is very small and not enough to cause any noticeable effects or intoxication. In fact, the amount of alcohol in malt vinegar is so low that it’s considered safe for pregnant women and those who abstain from alcohol for religious or personal reasons.
How Much Alcohol Is In Malt Vinegar?
Malt vinegar contains a very small amount of alcohol, with finished vinegar usually having 0.3% – 0.4% ABV. This residual alcohol is left for flavor purposes and does not pose any significant health risks. It is important to note that the specific type of alcohol used in malt vinegar is different from the wines used to make most other European vinegars. Malt vinegar is made by malting barley, turning it into a beer, and then allowing the beer to turn into vinegar. The maltose in the barley is converted into alcohol during the fermentation process, which is then turned into vinegar. Therefore, while there is some alcohol present in malt vinegar, it is negligible and safe for consumption by most people.
Is Malt Vinegar Halal?
According to Islamic law, any form of alcohol is strictly prohibited and considered haram. However, when it comes to vinegar, it is considered halal even if it contains a small amount of alcohol. This is because the alcohol undergoes a fundamental process of transformation called “Istihalah” during the vinegar-making process, which changes its molecular structure and makes it no longer intoxicating.
In the case of malt vinegar, the alcohol content is minimal, usually around 0.3% – 0.4% ABV. This residual alcohol is a result of the fermentation process involved in making malt vinegar from malted barley. The barley is first turned into beer, which then undergoes a special fermentation process to turn the alcohol into vinegar.
Muslim scholars unanimously agree that if wine turns into vinegar by itself, it is lawful. Most scholars say that it is pure and lawful because it has changed from its original state. Therefore, even though malt vinegar contains a small amount of alcohol, it is still considered halal and permissible for consumption according to Islamic law.
Tips For Using Malt Vinegar In Your Cooking
Malt vinegar is a versatile ingredient that can be used in a variety of dishes to add tangy and slightly sweet flavor. Here are some tips for using malt vinegar in your cooking:
1. Use it as a condiment: Malt vinegar is commonly used as a condiment for fish and chips, but it can also be used to add flavor to other fried foods like onion rings or chicken tenders.
2. Add it to marinades: Malt vinegar can be used in marinades for meats like pork or chicken to add flavor and help tenderize the meat.
3. Use it in salad dressings: Malt vinegar can be used as a base for salad dressings, either on its own or combined with other ingredients like olive oil, mustard, or honey.
4. Add it to sauces: Malt vinegar can be used to add tangy flavor to sauces like barbecue sauce or ketchup.
5. Use it in pickling: Malt vinegar is commonly used in pickling, as its acidity helps to preserve the food being pickled.
6. Experiment with different varieties: There are several varieties of malt vinegar available, including distilled, light, and dark. Each variety has a slightly different flavor profile, so experiment with different types to find the one that works best for your dish.
Remember that malt vinegar contains a small amount of alcohol, so it may not be suitable for those who avoid alcohol for religious or health reasons. As always, consult with your doctor or nutritionist if you have any concerns about incorporating malt vinegar into your diet. | <urn:uuid:7813061a-ecc1-46b6-b8a7-9eeaf21a758e> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.knowyourpantry.com/vinegars/does-malt-vinegar-have-alcohol-in-it/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.948826 | 1,595 | 2.546875 | 3 |
Dung Beetle Benefits
Sometimes referred to as ‘nature’s architects’, dung beetles are a desirable part of a healthy landscape and can significantly improve the overall health of your soil.
They benefit your property by breaking down organic material, transporting nutrients from the surface to the subsoil, improving water infiltration and reducing runoff.
Dung beetles also reduce flies and odours by physically removing dung from the soil surface. This also helps to control dung-borne parasites.
Flowing on from the benefits of dung beetles to your soil are broader catchment-wide improvements in water quality.
If you’re thinking about using dung beetles, it’s worth considering how many cattle would be needed to support a viable dung beetle population.
Buying dung beetles
Please contact us for more information on using and purchasing dung beetles.
Find out more
See this series of short videos presented by dung beetle expert Bernard Doube about:
- how dung beetles benefit the soil
- their behaviour
- their use and management on properties
- how to obtain beetles for your property.
An introduction to dung beetles
This first in a series of three videos explains the importance of dung beetles in pastures. Adelaide dung beetle expert and breeder Bernard Doube explains how animal dung affects pastures: preventing grass growth, fouling pastures and watercourses and spreading disease. We learn about the species of dung beetles which have been established in Australia, their seasonal activity, and the many benefits they bring to pasture by improving soil nutrient levels, water permeability and grass growth (6 min 35 sec).
Establishing your dung beetle population
How and when to introduce dung beetles to a property. Types of soil which are favourable for dung beetles, numbers needed to establish on a property. Purchasing, storing, releasing and monitoring dung beetles (6 min 59 sec).
Managing threats to your dung beetle population
Threats to dung beetles, including predators, climate, chemicals. Monitoring dung beetles on your property, timing of chemical treatments for livestock and pastures to minimise the impact on dung beetles (4 min 40 sec).
This project is supported by funding from the Australian Government’s National Landcare Program. | <urn:uuid:9c701318-e591-4782-aa96-4f4ec27e6813> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.landscape.sa.gov.au/hf/landscapes-hills-and-fleurieu-stewardship-program/care-for-soils/information-on-soil-health/managing-soil-and-pastures/dung-beetle-benefits | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.919861 | 478 | 3.28125 | 3 |
Pandemic took a major, prolonged toll on university students' mental health, finds study
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on people's mental health, and university students are no exception. A new study has found that the pandemic took a major, prolonged toll on university students' mental health.
The study, which was conducted by researchers at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), surveyed more than 1,000 university students across the United States. The survey was conducted in the fall of 2020, when the pandemic had been ongoing for several months.
The results of the survey were concerning. The researchers found that:
- More than 80% of the students reported symptoms of anxiety.
- More than 70% of the students reported symptoms of depression.
- More than 60% of the students reported symptoms of loneliness.
- More than 50% of the students reported symptoms of stress.
These findings are consistent with other studies that have found that the pandemic has had a significant impact on people's mental health. However, the study also found that the impact on university students was particularly severe and prolonged.
The researchers noted that the pandemic has disrupted many aspects of university life, including classes, social activities, and extracurricular activities. This disruption has led to feelings of isolation, loneliness, and stress among many students.
Furthermore, the researchers found that the pandemic has had a disproportionate impact on students from marginalized communities. These students reported higher levels of anxiety, depression, and stress than their peers.
The study's lead author, Dr. Nicole Green, emphasized the need for universities to prioritize the mental health of their students during the pandemic. "Universities need to recognize that the pandemic has had a significant impact on the mental health of their students, and they need to take steps to address this impact," she said.
Dr. Green suggested several strategies that universities could use to support their students' mental health during the pandemic. These strategies include:
- Providing mental health resources, such as counseling services and support groups.
- Offering flexible academic policies, such as pass/fail grading and extended deadlines.
- Encouraging social connections, such as virtual events and online clubs.
- Providing financial support, such as emergency grants and scholarships.
Dr. Green also emphasized the importance of destigmatizing mental health issues and encouraging students to seek help when they need it. "We need to create a culture where it's okay to talk about mental health and seek help when you need it," she said.
The study's findings highlight the need for universities to prioritize the mental health of their students during the pandemic. The pandemic has had a significant impact on people's mental health, and universities have a responsibility to support their students during this challenging time.
If you would like for us to publish your article at www.lifetechnology.com visit Publish Your Article At Life Technology™. If you would like to advertise here and on all 100,000+ pages of www.lifetechnology.com visit Advertise At Life Technology™. For corporate sponsorship of www.lifetechnology.com visit Corporate Sponsorship.
Since 1999 Life Technology™ has published medical science and technology news content totally free of charge. Because we do not charge a subscription fee we would kindly request that you Make A Donation To Life Technology™ and please, do share this article with your coworkers, friends, family and favorite social media platform.
Life Technology™ Medical News Feedburner Google RSS
Life Technology™ Science News Feedburner Google RSS
Life Technology™ Technology News Feedburner Google RSS | <urn:uuid:325e1f70-c578-435f-a334-f38c6fdcfbcd> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.lifetechnology.com/blogs/life-technology-medical-news/pandemic-took-a-major-prolonged-toll-on-university-students-mental-health-finds-study | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.970304 | 750 | 2.671875 | 3 |
Algorithms may have started out simply in math and science classes, but in today’s world of computers and technology, algorithms are all around us. Used to solve various problems, algorithms are simply lists of steps used in calculations. And while algorithms may work perfectly in a mathematics class, some questions have surfaced about the ways that algorithms are being used in the real world to make decisions on practically everything from determining prison sentences to what type of marketing campaign to use.
For instance, Eric Loomis was sentenced to six years in a Wisconsin prison, partly because of software algorithms. Loomis disagrees with the verdict, asserting that he was not able to appropriately receive due process because of the judge’s consideration of a report based on a secret algorithm by the company’s software. Because the company’s algorithm was secret, Loomis was unable to challenge it, or even inspect it. Only the software company knew what was in its own 'black box.'
This report recommending a verdict, requested by the justices in the case, was generated by using a series of attributes to determine whether there was a risk that Loomis might be a repeat offender in the future. A prosecutor told the judge that the report showed a “high risk of violence, high risk of recidivism, and high pretrial risk." The judge agreed, told Loomis that he was identified through the Compas assessment as a high risk to the community, and the verdict was issued. While the court insists that it would have come up with the same results whether or not the report was included, the use of algorithms to decide a person’s fate leaves many people uneasy.
In our own marketing world, just today Google was fined $2.7 Billion in an E.U. antitrust ruling for favoring some search results over others. At the heart of the the ruling - Google's secret algorithm. Marketers are consistently weary of crafting keyword and content strategies based on Google's algorithm. A robust strategy today can be completely obsolete tomorrow should Google decide to change its algorithm.
Remember that algorithms are programmed by humans with a set of assumptions and data. Because algorithms begin with a certain set of assumptions, they can come out completely wrong if the original information is faulty. If you build a manual lead scoring algorithm in HubSpot that heavily weights leads that visit your Career or About page and then wonder why those leads don't close as sales, you may have assumed a high level of interest in your company because of visits to those pages. However, although that assumption may be true, the interest might have been primarily because of an interest in working for your company rather than in engaging your company's services.
As data is shaped into algorithms that makes it effective for suggesting things like books to read or films to watch, one of the most important points to remember related to marketing with algorithms is that people are still human and unique. Algorithms couldn't predict how good Russell Westbrook would be. This means that people will not always fit into the computer world of algorithms and marketing efforts should always consider this. The nuances of humanity should always be factored in - remembering that audience of one. One person that decides to buy your shoes, your service, your book - or whatever type of value you are providing. As code continues to develop and artificial intelligence opportunities grow, marketers should continue to develop their strategies using the latest technology. At the same time, our uniqueness and creativity cannot be challenged by computers. While machines can certainly be used as useful tools for us, human critical thinking and good judgment cannot be replaced.As we seek to answer the question of whether algorithms are bad for us, we can probably answer it in the same way that we do with many other aspects of life. Balance and perspective area always needed. Because sometimes you can have too much of a “good thing." | <urn:uuid:8e423fe6-68f7-4692-87a0-fca08197e7d2> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.lyntonweb.com/inbound-marketing-blog/are-algorithms-bad-for-marketers | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.968062 | 783 | 3.15625 | 3 |
One of the key indicators of a nation’s health is how well it can care for its young. Despite many advances in medical care and improvements in access to care, infant mortality remains a significant concern worldwide. According to the World Health Organization , the leading cause of death among children under age 5 is preterm birth complications. With an estimated 15 million babies born prematurely (prior to 37 weeks’ gestation) globally each year, it is vital for ob.gyns. to uncover ways to predict, diagnose early, and treat the causes of preterm birth.
While the challenges to infant health could be considered more of an issue in developing countries, here in the United States, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that 1 in 9 babies is born prematurely. Preterm birth-related causes of death (i.e., breathing and feeding problems and disabilities) accounted for 35% of all infant deaths in 2010.
The World Health Organization (WHO) lists the United States as one of the top 10 countries with the greatest number of preterm births, despite the fact that we spend approximately 17.1% of our gross domestic product in total health care expenditures – the highest rate among our peer nations.
In the April 2014 edition of Master Class , we discussed one of the primary causes of preterm birth, bacterial infections, and specifically the need for ob.gyns. to rigorously screen patients for asymptomatic bacteriuria, which can lead to pyelonephritis. This month, we examine another biologic marker of preterm birth, cervical length.
Seminal studies of transvaginal sonography to measure cervical length during pregnancy and predict premature birth were published more than 2 decades ago. This work showed that a short cervix at 24 and 28 weeks’ gestation predicted preterm birth. Since then, clinical studies have demonstrated the utility of cervical length screening in women with prior preterm pregnancies. In the last decade, three large, randomized human trials have examined the usefulness of universal cervical length screening ( Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 2012;207:101-6 ). However, the results of these trials have given practitioners a confusing picture of the predictability of this biologic marker.
Given the complexity of the “to screen or not to screen” issue, we have devoted this Master Class to a discussion on the role of cervical length screening and the prediction of preterm birth. Our guest author this month is Dr. Erika Werner, an assistant professor in ob.gyn (maternal-fetal medicine) in the department of obstetrics and gynecology at Brown University, in Providence, R.I., and an expert in the area of preterm birth.
Dr. Reece, who specializes in maternal-fetal medicine, is vice president for medical affairs at the University of Maryland, Baltimore, as well as the John Z. and Akiko K. Bowers Distinguished Professor and dean of the school of medicine. Dr. Reece said he had no relevant financial disclosures. He is the medical editor of this column. Contact him at email@example.com. | <urn:uuid:3a99666a-63b2-43d6-966a-8b7d074cc1d9> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.mdedge.com/obgyn/article/99113/obstetrics/using-cervical-length-screening-predict-preterm-birth | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00299.warc.gz | en | 0.936877 | 644 | 3.28125 | 3 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.