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In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Participants were then tested on 2 occasions after 12 - hour abstinence from caffeine in each of 2 protocols ; this required a total of 4 laboratory visits .
### Output Text: | Participants were then tested on 2 occasions after 12 - hour abstinence from <span class="chemical">caffeine</span> in each of 2 protocols ; this required a total of 4 laboratory visits . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Caffeine - induced changes in diastolic BP were 2 to 3 times larger in borderline subjects than in controls ( + 8 . 4 vs + 3 . 8 mm Hg , p < 0 . 0001 ) , and were attributable to larger changes in impedance - derived measures of systemic vascular resistance ( + 135 vs + 45 dynes . s . cm - 5 , p < 0 . 004 ) .
### Output Text: | <span class="chemical">Caffeine</span> - induced changes in diastolic BP were 2 to 3 times larger in borderline subjects than in controls ( + 8 . 4 vs + 3 . 8 mm Hg , p < 0 . 0001 ) , and were attributable to larger changes in impedance - derived measures of systemic vascular resistance ( + 135 vs + 45 dynes . s . cm - 5 , p < 0 . 004 ) . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: These findings were consistent and reached significance in both protocols .
### Output Text: | These findings were consistent and reached significance in both protocols . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: The percentage of borderline subjects in whom diastolic BP changes exceeded the median control response was 96 % .
### Output Text: | The percentage of borderline subjects in whom diastolic BP changes exceeded the median control response was 96 % . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Consequently , whereas all participants exhibited normotensive levels during the resting predrug baseline , 33 % of borderline subjects achieved hypertensive BP levels after caffeine ingestion .
### Output Text: | Consequently , whereas all participants exhibited normotensive levels during the resting predrug baseline , 33 % of borderline subjects achieved hypertensive BP levels after <span class="chemical">caffeine</span> ingestion . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Thus , in borderline hypertensive men , exaggerated responses to caffeine were : selective for diastolic BP , consistent with greater vasoconstriction , replicated in 2 protocols , and representative of nearly all borderline hypertensives .
### Output Text: | Thus , in borderline hypertensive men , exaggerated responses to <span class="chemical">caffeine</span> were : selective for diastolic BP , consistent with greater vasoconstriction , replicated in 2 protocols , and representative of nearly all borderline hypertensives . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: We suspect that the potential for caffeine to stabilize high resistance states in susceptible persons suggests that its use may facilitate their disease progression , as well as hinder accurate diagnosis and treatment .
### Output Text: | We suspect that the potential for <span class="chemical">caffeine</span> to stabilize high resistance states in susceptible persons suggests that its use may facilitate their disease progression , as well as hinder accurate diagnosis and treatment . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Absence of effect of sertraline on time - based sensitization of cognitive impairment with haloperidol .
### Output Text: | Absence of effect of <span class="chemical">sertraline</span> on time - based sensitization of cognitive impairment with <span class="chemical">haloperidol</span> . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: This double - blind , randomized , placebo - controlled study evaluated the effects of haloperidol alone and haloperidol plus sertraline on cognitive and psychomotor function in 24 healthy male subjects .
### Output Text: | This double - blind , randomized , placebo - controlled study evaluated the effects of <span class="chemical">haloperidol</span> alone and <span class="chemical">haloperidol</span> plus <span class="chemical">sertraline</span> on cognitive and psychomotor function in 24 healthy male subjects . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: METHOD : All subjects received placebo on Day 1 and haloperidol 2 mg on Days 2 and 25 .
### Output Text: | METHOD : All subjects received placebo on Day 1 and <span class="chemical">haloperidol</span> 2 mg on Days 2 and 25 . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: From Days 9 to 25 , subjects were randomly assigned to either sertraline ( 12 subjects ) or placebo ( 12 subjects ) ; the sertraline dose was titrated from 50 to 200 mg / day from Days 9 to 16 , and remained at 200 mg / day for the final 10 days of the drug administration period .
### Output Text: | From Days 9 to 25 , subjects were randomly assigned to either <span class="chemical">sertraline</span> ( 12 subjects ) or placebo ( 12 subjects ) ; the <span class="chemical">sertraline</span> dose was titrated from 50 to 200 mg / day from Days 9 to 16 , and remained at 200 mg / day for the final 10 days of the drug administration period . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Cognitive function testing was performed before dosing and over a 24 - hour period after dosing on Days 1 , 2 , and 25 .
### Output Text: | Cognitive function testing was performed before dosing and over a 24 - hour period after dosing on Days 1 , 2 , and 25 . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: RESULTS : Impairment of cognitive function was observed 6 to 8 hours after administration of haloperidol on Day 2 but was not evident 23 hours after dosing .
### Output Text: | RESULTS : Impairment of cognitive function was observed 6 to 8 hours after administration of <span class="chemical">haloperidol</span> on Day 2 but was not evident 23 hours after dosing . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: When single - dose haloperidol was given again 25 days later , greater impairment with earlier onset was noted in several tests in both treatment groups , suggesting enhancement of this effect .
### Output Text: | When single - dose <span class="chemical">haloperidol</span> was given again 25 days later , greater impairment with earlier onset was noted in several tests in both treatment groups , suggesting enhancement of this effect . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: There was no indication that sertraline exacerbated the impairment produced by haloperidol since an equivalent effect also occurred in the placebo group .
### Output Text: | There was no indication that <span class="chemical">sertraline</span> exacerbated the impairment produced by <span class="chemical">haloperidol</span> since an equivalent effect also occurred in the placebo group . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Three subjects ( 2 on sertraline and 1 on placebo ) withdrew from the study because of side effects .
### Output Text: | Three subjects ( 2 on <span class="chemical">sertraline</span> and 1 on placebo ) withdrew from the study because of side effects . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Ten subjects in each group reported side effects related to treatment .
### Output Text: | Ten subjects in each group reported side effects related to treatment . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: The side effect profiles of sertraline and of placebo were similar .
### Output Text: | The side effect profiles of <span class="chemical">sertraline</span> and of placebo were similar . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: CONCLUSION : Haloperidol produced a clear profile of cognitive impairment that was not worsened by concomitant sertraline administration .
### Output Text: | CONCLUSION : <span class="chemical">Haloperidol</span> produced a clear profile of cognitive impairment that was not worsened by concomitant <span class="chemical">sertraline</span> administration . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Coexistence of cerebral venous sinus and internal carotid artery thrombosis associated with exogenous sex hormones .
### Output Text: | Coexistence of cerebral venous sinus and internal carotid artery thrombosis associated with exogenous sex hormones . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: A case report .
### Output Text: | A case report . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: A forty - six year - old premenopausal woman developed headache , nausea and vomiting , left hemiparesis and seizure two days after parenteral use of progesterone and estradiol .
### Output Text: | A forty - six year - old premenopausal woman developed headache , nausea and vomiting , left hemiparesis and seizure two days after parenteral use of <span class="chemical">progesterone</span> and <span class="chemical">estradiol</span> . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Diabetes mellitus ( DM ) was found during admission .
### Output Text: | Diabetes mellitus ( DM ) was found during admission . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Computed tomography showed a hemorrhagic infarct in the right frontal lobe and increased density in the superior sagittal sinus ( SSS ) .
### Output Text: | Computed tomography showed a hemorrhagic infarct in the right frontal lobe and increased density in the superior sagittal sinus ( SSS ) . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Left carotid angiography found occlusion of the left internal carotid artery ( ICA ) .
### Output Text: | Left carotid angiography found occlusion of the left internal carotid artery ( ICA ) . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Right carotid angiograms failed to show the SSS and inferior sagittal sinus , suggestive of venous sinus thrombosis .
### Output Text: | Right carotid angiograms failed to show the SSS and inferior sagittal sinus , suggestive of venous sinus thrombosis . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Coexistence of the cerebral artery and the venous sinus occlusion has been described infrequently .
### Output Text: | Coexistence of the cerebral artery and the venous sinus occlusion has been described infrequently . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: In this case , the authors postulate that the use of estradiol and progesterone and the underlying DM increased vascular thrombogenicity , which provided a common denominator for thrombosis of both the ICA and the venous sinus .
### Output Text: | In this case , the authors postulate that the use of <span class="chemical">estradiol</span> and <span class="chemical">progesterone</span> and the underlying DM increased vascular thrombogenicity , which provided a common denominator for thrombosis of both the ICA and the venous sinus . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Chemotherapy of advanced inoperable non - small cell lung cancer with paclitaxel : a phase II trial .
### Output Text: | Chemotherapy of advanced inoperable non - small cell lung cancer with <span class="chemical">paclitaxel</span> : a phase II trial . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Paclitaxel ( Taxol ; Bristol - Myers Squibb Company , Princeton , NJ ) has demonstrated significant antineoplastic activity against different tumor types , notably ovarian and breast carcinoma .
### Output Text: | <span class="chemical">Paclitaxel</span> ( <span class="chemical">Taxol</span> ; Bristol - Myers Squibb Company , Princeton , NJ ) has demonstrated significant antineoplastic activity against different tumor types , notably ovarian and breast carcinoma . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Two phase II trials of 24 - hour paclitaxel infusions in chemotherapy - naive patients with stage IIIB or IV non - small cell lung cancer ( NSCLC ) reported response rates of 21 % and 24 % .
### Output Text: | Two phase II trials of 24 - hour <span class="chemical">paclitaxel</span> infusions in chemotherapy - naive patients with stage IIIB or IV non - small cell lung cancer ( NSCLC ) reported response rates of 21 % and 24 % . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Leukopenia was dose limiting : as many as 62 . 5 % of patients experienced grade 4 leukopenia .
### Output Text: | Leukopenia was dose limiting : as many as 62 . 5 % of patients experienced grade 4 leukopenia . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: We investigated the efficacy and toxicity of a 3 - hour paclitaxel infusion in a phase II trial in patients with inoperable stage IIIB or IV NSCLC .
### Output Text: | We investigated the efficacy and toxicity of a 3 - hour <span class="chemical">paclitaxel</span> infusion in a phase II trial in patients with inoperable stage IIIB or IV NSCLC . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: The 58 patients treated ( 41 men and 17 women ) had a median age of 59 years ( age range , 25 to 75 ) and a performance status of 0 through 2 .
### Output Text: | The 58 patients treated ( 41 men and 17 women ) had a median age of 59 years ( age range , 25 to 75 ) and a performance status of 0 through 2 . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Most patients ( 72 . 4 % ) had stage IV NSCLC .
### Output Text: | Most patients ( 72 . 4 % ) had stage IV NSCLC . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Paclitaxel 225 mg / m2 was infused over 3 hours every 3 weeks with standard prophylactic premedication .
### Output Text: | <span class="chemical">Paclitaxel</span> 225 mg / m2 was infused over 3 hours every 3 weeks with standard prophylactic premedication . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Of 50 patients evaluable for response , 12 ( 24 % ) had partial remission , 26 ( 52 % ) had no change , and 12 had disease progression ( 24 % ) .
### Output Text: | Of 50 patients evaluable for response , 12 ( 24 % ) had partial remission , 26 ( 52 % ) had no change , and 12 had disease progression ( 24 % ) . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Hematologic toxicities were mild : only one patient ( 2 % ) developed grade 3 or 4 neutropenia , while 29 % had grade 1 or 2 .
### Output Text: | Hematologic toxicities were mild : only one patient ( 2 % ) developed grade 3 or 4 neutropenia , while 29 % had grade 1 or 2 . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Grade 1 or 2 polyneuropathy affected 56 % of patients while only one ( 2 % ) experienced severe polyneuropathy .
### Output Text: | Grade 1 or 2 polyneuropathy affected 56 % of patients while only one ( 2 % ) experienced severe polyneuropathy . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Similarly , grade 1 or 2 myalgia / arthralgia was observed in 63 . 2 % of patients , but only 14 . 3 % experienced grade 3 or 4 .
### Output Text: | Similarly , grade 1 or 2 myalgia / arthralgia was observed in 63 . 2 % of patients , but only 14 . 3 % experienced grade 3 or 4 . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Nausea and vomiting were infrequent , with 14 % of patients experiencing grade 1 or 2 and only 2 % experiencing grade 3 or 4 .
### Output Text: | Nausea and vomiting were infrequent , with 14 % of patients experiencing grade 1 or 2 and only 2 % experiencing grade 3 or 4 . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Paclitaxel is thus an active single agent in this patient population , with a 3 - hour infusion proving comparably effective to a 24 - hour infusion and superior in terms of the incidence of hematologic and nonhematologic toxicity .
### Output Text: | <span class="chemical">Paclitaxel</span> is thus an active single agent in this patient population , with a 3 - hour infusion proving comparably effective to a 24 - hour infusion and superior in terms of the incidence of hematologic and nonhematologic toxicity . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Further phase II studies with paclitaxel combined with other drugs active against NSCLC are indicated , and phase III studies comparing paclitaxel with standard chemotherapy remain to be completed .
### Output Text: | Further phase II studies with <span class="chemical">paclitaxel</span> combined with other drugs active against NSCLC are indicated , and phase III studies comparing <span class="chemical">paclitaxel</span> with standard chemotherapy remain to be completed . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Paclitaxel combined with carboplatin in the first - line treatment of advanced ovarian cancer .
### Output Text: | <span class="chemical">Paclitaxel</span> combined with <span class="chemical">carboplatin</span> in the first - line treatment of advanced ovarian cancer . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: In a phase I study to determine the maximum tolerated dose of paclitaxel ( Taxol ; Bristol - Myers Squibb Company , Princeton , NJ ) given as a 3 - hour infusion in combination with carboplatin administered every 21 days to women with advanced ovarian cancer , paclitaxel doses were escalated as follows : level 1 , 135 mg / m2 ; level 2 , 160 mg / m2 ; level 3 , 185 mg / m2 ; and level 4 , 210 mg / m2 .
### Output Text: | In a phase I study to determine the maximum tolerated dose of <span class="chemical">paclitaxel</span> ( <span class="chemical">Taxol</span> ; Bristol - Myers Squibb Company , Princeton , NJ ) given as a 3 - hour infusion in combination with <span class="chemical">carboplatin</span> administered every 21 days to women with advanced ovarian cancer , <span class="chemical">paclitaxel</span> doses were escalated as follows : level 1 , 135 mg / m2 ; level 2 , 160 mg / m2 ; level 3 , 185 mg / m2 ; and level 4 , 210 mg / m2 . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: The fixed dose of carboplatin at levels 1 through 4 was given to achieve an area under the concentration - time curve ( AUC ) of 5 using the Calvert formula .
### Output Text: | The fixed dose of <span class="chemical">carboplatin</span> at levels 1 through 4 was given to achieve an area under the concentration - time curve ( AUC ) of 5 using the Calvert formula . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: In levels 5 and 6 the carboplatin dose was targeted at AUCs of 6 and 7 . 5 , respectively , combined with a fixed paclitaxel dose of 185 mg / m2 .
### Output Text: | In levels 5 and 6 the <span class="chemical">carboplatin</span> dose was targeted at AUCs of 6 and 7 . 5 , respectively , combined with a fixed <span class="chemical">paclitaxel</span> dose of 185 mg / m2 . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: To date , 30 previously untreated patients , all with a good performance status ( Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group 0 to 2 ) have been entered into this ongoing study .
### Output Text: | To date , 30 previously untreated patients , all with a good performance status ( Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group 0 to 2 ) have been entered into this ongoing study . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: The dose - limiting toxicity of the combination was myelosuppression ( leukopenia , granulocytopenia , and thrombocytopenia ) .
### Output Text: | The dose - limiting toxicity of the combination was myelosuppression ( leukopenia , granulocytopenia , and thrombocytopenia ) . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Neurotoxicity was largely moderate .
### Output Text: | Neurotoxicity was largely moderate . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: So far , 14 patients are evaluable for response ; of these , eight ( 57 % ) showed objective ( complete or partial ) response and disease stabilized in six patients .
### Output Text: | So far , 14 patients are evaluable for response ; of these , eight ( 57 % ) showed objective ( complete or partial ) response and disease stabilized in six patients . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: No patient had disease progression .
### Output Text: | No patient had disease progression . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: We conclude that the combination of paclitaxel 185 mg / m2 administered as a 3 - hour infusion followed immediately by a 1 - hour infusion of carboplatin at an AUC of 6 can be administered safely in a 21 - day schedule in the outpatient setting .
### Output Text: | We conclude that the combination of <span class="chemical">paclitaxel</span> 185 mg / m2 administered as a 3 - hour infusion followed immediately by a 1 - hour infusion of <span class="chemical">carboplatin</span> at an AUC of 6 can be administered safely in a 21 - day schedule in the outpatient setting . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: The recommended dose for phase III studies is paclitaxel 185 mg / m2 and carboplatin AUC 6 .
### Output Text: | The recommended dose for phase III studies is <span class="chemical">paclitaxel</span> 185 mg / m2 and <span class="chemical">carboplatin</span> AUC 6 . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Effects of acute steroid administration on ventilatory and peripheral muscles in rats .
### Output Text: | Effects of acute <span class="chemical">steroid</span> administration on ventilatory and peripheral muscles in rats . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Occasional case reports have shown that acute myopathy may occur in patients treated with massive doses of corticosteroids .
### Output Text: | Occasional case reports have shown that acute myopathy may occur in patients treated with massive doses of <span class="chemical">corticosteroids</span> . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: The mechanism of this myopathy is poorly understood .
### Output Text: | The mechanism of this myopathy is poorly understood . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Therefore , 60 male rats were randomly assigned to receive daily injection of saline ( C ) , methylprednisolone ( M ) , or triamcinolone ( T ) 80 mg / kg / d for 5 d .
### Output Text: | Therefore , 60 male rats were randomly assigned to receive daily injection of saline ( C ) , <span class="chemical">methylprednisolone</span> ( <span class="chemical">M</span> ) , or <span class="chemical">triamcinolone</span> ( <span class="chemical">T</span> ) 80 mg / kg / d for 5 d . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Nutritional intake , measured daily in 15 animals , showed a significant reduction of food intake in the steroid - treated groups ( - 50 and - 79 % in M and T , respectively ) .
### Output Text: | Nutritional intake , measured daily in 15 animals , showed a significant reduction of food intake in the <span class="chemical">steroid</span> - treated groups ( - 50 and - 79 % in <span class="chemical">M</span> and <span class="chemical">T</span> , respectively ) . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: This was associated with a similar loss in body weight .
### Output Text: | This was associated with a similar loss in body weight . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: In the 45 remaining animals , diaphragm contractility and histopathologic features of several muscles were studied .
### Output Text: | In the 45 remaining animals , diaphragm contractility and histopathologic features of several muscles were studied . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Weights of respiratory and peripheral muscles were similarly decreased after steroid treatment .
### Output Text: | Weights of respiratory and peripheral muscles were similarly decreased after <span class="chemical">steroid</span> treatment . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Maximal twitches of the diaphragm were lower in the C group ( 653 + / - 174 g / cm ( 2 ) ) than in the M group ( 837 + / - 171 g / cm ( 2 ) ; p < 0 . 05 ) and the T group ( 765 + / - 145 g / cm ( 2 ) , NS ) .
### Output Text: | Maximal twitches of the diaphragm were lower in the C group ( 653 + / - 174 g / cm ( 2 ) ) than in the <span class="chemical">M</span> group ( 837 + / - 171 g / cm ( 2 ) ; p < 0 . 05 ) and the <span class="chemical">T</span> group ( 765 + / - 145 g / cm ( 2 ) , NS ) . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Half - relaxation time was prolonged in both steroid groups , and time to peak tension was longer with M , whereas tetanic tensions were similar .
### Output Text: | Half - relaxation time was prolonged in both <span class="chemical">steroid</span> groups , and time to peak tension was longer with <span class="chemical">M</span> , whereas tetanic tensions were similar . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Steroid treatment also induced a leftward shift of the force - frequency curve at 25 and 50 Hz when compared with saline treatment ( p < 0 . 05 ) .
### Output Text: | <span class="chemical">Steroid</span> treatment also induced a leftward shift of the force - frequency curve at 25 and 50 Hz when compared with saline treatment ( p < 0 . 05 ) . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: ATPase staining of the diaphragm , scalenus medius , and gastrocnemius showed type IIb fiber atrophy in the steroid groups and also diaphragmatic type IIa atrophy with T , whereas histologic examinations revealed a normal muscular pattern with absence of necrosis .
### Output Text: | ATPase staining of the diaphragm , scalenus medius , and gastrocnemius showed type IIb fiber atrophy in the <span class="chemical">steroid</span> groups and also diaphragmatic type IIa atrophy with <span class="chemical">T</span> , whereas histologic examinations revealed a normal muscular pattern with absence of necrosis . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Finally , a pair - fed ( PF ) study , performed in 18 rats ( C , T , and PF ) , showed that muscle atrophy was considerably less pronounced in PF animals than in T - treated animals .
### Output Text: | Finally , a pair - fed ( PF ) study , performed in 18 rats ( C , <span class="chemical">T</span> , and PF ) , showed that muscle atrophy was considerably less pronounced in PF animals than in <span class="chemical">T</span> - treated animals . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: We conclude that ( 1 ) short - term treatment with massive doses of steroids induced severe respiratory and limb muscle wasting ; ( 2 ) both types of steroids induced predominantly type IIb atrophy , resulting in the expected alterations in diaphragm contractile properties ; ( 3 ) neither steroid caused muscle necrosis ; ( 4 ) type IIb atrophy was not caused by acute nutritional deprivation alone .
### Output Text: | We conclude that ( 1 ) short - term treatment with massive doses of <span class="chemical">steroids</span> induced severe respiratory and limb muscle wasting ; ( 2 ) both types of <span class="chemical">steroids</span> induced predominantly type IIb atrophy , resulting in the expected alterations in diaphragm contractile properties ; ( 3 ) neither <span class="chemical">steroid</span> caused muscle necrosis ; ( 4 ) type IIb atrophy was not caused by acute nutritional deprivation alone . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Continuous subcutaneous administration of mesna to prevent ifosfamide - induced hemorrhagic cystitis .
### Output Text: | Continuous subcutaneous administration of <span class="chemical">mesna</span> to prevent <span class="chemical">ifosfamide</span> - induced hemorrhagic cystitis . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Hemorrhagic cystitis is a major potential toxicity of ifosfamide that can be prevented by administering mesna along with the cytotoxic agent .
### Output Text: | Hemorrhagic cystitis is a major potential toxicity of <span class="chemical">ifosfamide</span> that can be prevented by administering <span class="chemical">mesna</span> along with the cytotoxic agent . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Mesna is generally administered by the intravenous route , although experience with oral delivery of the drug has increased .
### Output Text: | <span class="chemical">Mesna</span> is generally administered by the intravenous route , although experience with oral delivery of the drug has increased . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: The continuous subcutaneous administration of mesna has the advantage of not requiring intravenous access .
### Output Text: | The continuous subcutaneous administration of <span class="chemical">mesna</span> has the advantage of not requiring intravenous access . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: In addition , subcutaneous delivery of the neutralizing agent will not be associated with the risk of inadequate urinary mesna concentrations , such as in a patient taking oral mesna who experiences severe ifosfamide - induced emesis and is unable to absorb the drug .
### Output Text: | In addition , subcutaneous delivery of the neutralizing agent will not be associated with the risk of inadequate urinary <span class="chemical">mesna</span> concentrations , such as in a patient taking oral <span class="chemical">mesna</span> who experiences severe <span class="chemical">ifosfamide</span> - induced emesis and is unable to absorb the drug . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Limited clinical experience with continuous subcutaneous mesna administration suggests it is a safe , practical , and economic method of drug delivery that permits ifosfamide to be administered successfully in the outpatient setting .
### Output Text: | Limited clinical experience with continuous subcutaneous <span class="chemical">mesna</span> administration suggests it is a safe , practical , and economic method of drug delivery that permits <span class="chemical">ifosfamide</span> to be administered successfully in the outpatient setting . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Leg and back pain after spinal anaesthesia involving hyperbaric 5 % lignocaine .
### Output Text: | Leg and back pain after spinal anaesthesia involving hyperbaric 5 % <span class="chemical">lignocaine</span> . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Fifty - four patients , aged 27 - 90 years , who were given lignocaine 5 % in 6 . 8 % glucose solution for spinal anaesthesia were studied .
### Output Text: | Fifty - four patients , aged 27 - 90 years , who were given <span class="chemical">lignocaine</span> 5 % in 6 . 8 % <span class="chemical">glucose</span> solution for spinal anaesthesia were studied . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Thirteen of these patients experienced pain in the legs and / or back after recovery from anaesthesia .
### Output Text: | Thirteen of these patients experienced pain in the legs and / or back after recovery from anaesthesia . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: The patients affected were younger ( p < 0 . 05 ) and the site of the dural puncture was higher ( p < 0 . 01 ) than those individuals without pain .
### Output Text: | The patients affected were younger ( p < 0 . 05 ) and the site of the dural puncture was higher ( p < 0 . 01 ) than those individuals without pain . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Five of the 13 patients ( 38 % ) with pain and seven of the 41 patients ( 17 % ) without pain admitted to a high alcohol intake , which might be a contributing factor .
### Output Text: | Five of the 13 patients ( 38 % ) with pain and seven of the 41 patients ( 17 % ) without pain admitted to a high <span class="chemical">alcohol</span> intake , which might be a contributing factor . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Leg and / or back pain is associated with the intrathecal use of hyperbaric 5 % lignocaine .
### Output Text: | Leg and / or back pain is associated with the intrathecal use of hyperbaric 5 % <span class="chemical">lignocaine</span> . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: The use of serum cholinesterase in succinylcholine apnoea .
### Output Text: | The use of serum cholinesterase in <span class="chemical">succinylcholine</span> apnoea . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Fifteen patients demonstrating unexpected prolonged apnoea lasting several hours after succinylcholine have been treated by a new preparation of human serum cholinesterase .
### Output Text: | Fifteen patients demonstrating unexpected prolonged apnoea lasting several hours after <span class="chemical">succinylcholine</span> have been treated by a new preparation of human serum cholinesterase . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Adequate spontaneous respiration was re - established in an average period of ten minutes after the injection .
### Output Text: | Adequate spontaneous respiration was re - established in an average period of ten minutes after the injection . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: In 12 patients biochemical genetic examinations confirmed the presence of an atypical serum cholinesterase .
### Output Text: | In 12 patients biochemical genetic examinations confirmed the presence of an atypical serum cholinesterase . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: In three patients none of the usual variants were found .
### Output Text: | In three patients none of the usual variants were found . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: It is therefore supposed that other unknown variants of serum cholinesterase exist which cannot hydrolyze succinylcholine .
### Output Text: | It is therefore supposed that other unknown variants of serum cholinesterase exist which cannot hydrolyze <span class="chemical">succinylcholine</span> . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: The use of serum cholinesterase in succinylcholine apnoea provided considerable relief to both patient and anaesthetist .
### Output Text: | The use of serum cholinesterase in <span class="chemical">succinylcholine</span> apnoea provided considerable relief to both patient and anaesthetist . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Increased sulfation and decreased 7alpha - hydroxylation of deoxycholic acid in ethinyl estradiol - induced cholestasis in rats .
### Output Text: | Increased sulfation and decreased 7alpha - hydroxylation of <span class="chemical">deoxycholic acid</span> in <span class="chemical">ethinyl estradiol</span> - induced cholestasis in rats . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Deoxycholic acid conjugation , transport capacity , and metabolism were compared in control and ethinyl estradiol - treated rats .
### Output Text: | <span class="chemical">Deoxycholic acid</span> conjugation , transport capacity , and metabolism were compared in control and <span class="chemical">ethinyl estradiol</span> - treated rats . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Control rats were found to have a lower capacity to transport deoxycholic acid than taurodeoxycholic acid , and both were decreased by ethinyl estradiol treatment .
### Output Text: | Control rats were found to have a lower capacity to transport <span class="chemical">deoxycholic acid</span> than <span class="chemical">taurodeoxycholic acid</span> , and both were decreased by <span class="chemical">ethinyl estradiol</span> treatment . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: During [ 24 - 14C ] sodium deoxycholate infusion , [ 14C ] biliary bile acid secretion increased , but bile flow did not change significantly in either control or ethinyl estradiol - treated rats .
### Output Text: | During [ 24 - 14C ] <span class="chemical">sodium deoxycholate</span> infusion , [ 14C ] biliary <span class="chemical">bile acid</span> secretion increased , but bile flow did not change significantly in either control or <span class="chemical">ethinyl estradiol</span> - treated rats . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Ethinyl estradiol - treated animals excreted significantly less 14C as taurocholic acid than did control animals , consistent with an impairment of 7alpha - hydroxylation of taurodeoxycholic acid .
### Output Text: | <span class="chemical">Ethinyl estradiol</span> - treated animals excreted significantly less 14C as <span class="chemical">taurocholic acid</span> than did control animals , consistent with an impairment of 7alpha - hydroxylation of <span class="chemical">taurodeoxycholic acid</span> . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Ethinyl estradiol treatment did not impair conjugation of deoxycholic acid , but did result in an increase in sulfation of taurodeoxycholic acid from 1 . 5 % in controls to nearly 4 . 0 % ( P less than 0 . 01 ) .
### Output Text: | <span class="chemical">Ethinyl estradiol</span> treatment did not impair conjugation of <span class="chemical">deoxycholic acid</span> , but did result in an increase in sulfation of <span class="chemical">taurodeoxycholic acid</span> from 1 . 5 % in controls to nearly 4 . 0 % ( P less than 0 . 01 ) . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: These results are consistent with the hypothesis that the rat has a poorer tolerance for deoxycholic acid than do certain other species .
### Output Text: | These results are consistent with the hypothesis that the rat has a poorer tolerance for <span class="chemical">deoxycholic acid</span> than do certain other species . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Furthermore , the rat converts deoxycholic acid , a poor choleretic , to taurocholic acid , a good choleretic .
### Output Text: | Furthermore , the rat converts <span class="chemical">deoxycholic acid</span> , a poor choleretic , to <span class="chemical">taurocholic acid</span> , a good choleretic . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: When this conversion is impaired with ethinyl estradiol treatment , sulfation may be an important alternate pathway for excretion of this potentially harmful bile acid .
### Output Text: | When this conversion is impaired with <span class="chemical">ethinyl estradiol</span> treatment , sulfation may be an important alternate pathway for excretion of this potentially harmful <span class="chemical">bile acid</span> . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Influence of diet free of NAD - precursors on acetaminophen hepatotoxicity in mice .
### Output Text: | Influence of diet free of <span class="chemical">NAD</span> - precursors on <span class="chemical">acetaminophen</span> hepatotoxicity in mice . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Recently , we demonstrated the hepatoprotective effects of nicotinic acid amide , a selective inhibitor of poly ( ADP - ribose ) polymerase ( PARP ; EC 2 . 4 . 2 . 30 ) on mice suffering from acetaminophen ( AAP ) - hepatitis , suggesting that the AAP - induced liver injury involves a step which depends on adenoribosylation .
### Output Text: | Recently , we demonstrated the hepatoprotective effects of <span class="chemical">nicotinic acid amide</span> , a selective inhibitor of <span class="chemical">poly ( ADP - ribose )</span> polymerase ( PARP ; EC 2 . 4 . 2 . 30 ) on mice suffering from <span class="chemical">acetaminophen</span> ( <span class="chemical">AAP</span> ) - hepatitis , suggesting that the <span class="chemical">AAP</span> - induced liver injury involves a step which depends on adenoribosylation . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: The present study investigates the effects of a diet free of precursors of NAD , the substrate on which PARP acts , in female NMRI mice with AAP hepatitis and evaluates the influence of simultaneous ethanol consumption in these animals .
### Output Text: | The present study investigates the effects of a diet free of precursors of <span class="chemical">NAD</span> , the substrate on which PARP acts , in female NMRI mice with <span class="chemical">AAP</span> hepatitis and evaluates the influence of simultaneous <span class="chemical">ethanol</span> consumption in these animals . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Liver injuries were quantified as serum activities of glutamate - oxaloacetate transaminase ( GOT ) and glutamate - pyruvate transaminase ( GPT ) .
### Output Text: | Liver injuries were quantified as serum activities of <span class="chemical">glutamate</span> - <span class="chemical">oxaloacetate</span> transaminase ( GOT ) and <span class="chemical">glutamate</span> - <span class="chemical">pyruvate</span> transaminase ( GPT ) . |
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