Complex sentence: Capitulations signify that which is arranged under distinct headings; the Turkish phrase is ahid nameh, whereas a treaty is mouahed the latter does, and the former does not, signify a reciprocal engagement.
Split into simpler sentences: Capitulations signify that which is arranged under distinct headings; the Turkish phrase is "ahid nameh", whereas a "treaty" is "mouahed". The latter does, and the former does not, signify a reciprocal engagement.