Complex sentence: In bacteria, extensive damage to the DNA due to mutagens produces single-stranded DNA gaps during replication which induces the SOS response, an emergency repair process that is also error-prone, thereby generating mutations.
Split into simpler sentences: In bacteria, extensive damage to the DNA due to mutagens results in single-stranded DNA gaps during replication. This induces the SOS response, an emergency repair process that is also error-prone, thereby generating mutations.