Complex sentence: The city has been witness to the rise and fall of political powers throughout Nicaragua's history and has suffered devastating earthquakes in 1931 and 1972, with the latter having lasting effects on the city's development.
Split into simpler sentences: The city has suffered during the rise and fall of political powers throughout Nicaragua's history, as well as by several major natural disasters. It was hit by devastating earthquakes in 1931 and 1972, with the latter having lasting effects on the city's development.