Complex sentence: Fieldwork is an important methodology that characterizes many ethnomusicological approaches, which typically entails not only participant observation but also learning a performance tradition and technique so as to be better able to analyze and approach musical styles.
Split into simpler sentences: Fieldwork is an important methodology that characterizes many ethnomusicological approaches, which often entails some form of participant observation. The objective of this kind of immersion is to be better able to analyze and approach musical styles.