Complex sentence: These adaptations are especially pronounced in people living in the Andes and in the Himalayas: compared with acclimatized newcomers, native Andean and Himalayan populations have better oxygenation to infants, enlarged lung volumes throughout life, and a higher capacity for exercise.
Split into simpler sentences: These adaptations are especially pronounced in people living in the Andes and in the Himalayas. Compared with acclimatized newcomers, native Andean and Himalayan populations have better oxygenation at birth, enlarged lung volumes throughout life, and a higher capacity for exercise.