Complex sentence: Shaw's scientific basis for evolving long-lived humans depended on inheritance of acquired characteristics was in conformity with the theories of Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, although Lamarkism Lamarkism.
Split into simpler sentences: Shaw's scientific rationale for evolving long-lived humans depended on inheritance of acquired characteristics. This accorded with the theories of Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, even though Lamarkism Lamarkism.