Complex sentence: Via conservatism, natural science's generally five domains--astronomy, biology, chemistry, earth science, and physics--share a set of basic, unifying principles, mostly from physics as the fundamental science and from chemistry as the central science.
Split into simpler sentences: Via conservatism, natural science is generally divided into five domains--astronomy, biology, chemistry, earth science, and physics. All these share a set of basic, unifying principles, mostly from physics as the fundamental science and from chemistry as the central science.