Complex sentence: In 1937 the Japanese army took over Nanking, then the capital of China; in the resulting seven-week occupation known as the Rape of Nanking as many as 80,000 people were raped.
Split into simpler sentences: In 1937 the Japanese army took over Nanking, which at the time was the capital of China. In the resulting seven-week occupation known as the Rape of Nanking, as many as 80,000 people were raped.