Complex sentence: In theory, Congress could eliminate the entire federal judiciary except for a single Supreme Court Justice (who would be the Chief Justice by default), altough the 1st Congress immediately established a system of lower federal courts through the Judiciary Act of 1789.
Split into simpler sentences: In theory, Congress could eliminate the entire federal judiciary except for a single Supreme Court Justice (who would be the Chief Justice by default). However, the first Congress immediately established a system of lower federal courts through the Judiciary Act of 1789.