Complex sentence: In 1997, the Supreme Court ruled against the five-day waiting period, but by 1998 the NICS was up and running, administered by the FBI, and applied to all firearms purchases from FFL dealers, including long guns.
Split into simpler sentences: In 1997, the Supreme Court ruled against the five-day waiting period. By 1998, the NICS was operational, administered by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), and applied to all firearms purchases from FFL dealers, including long guns.