Complex sentence: Hebrew monotheism meant that individuals can be claimed only by God, and not by any human being, and protected people from the negative consequences of indulgent desires, like power and fame, which monotheism views as false gods not worthy of worship.
Split into simpler sentences: Hebrew monotheism meant that individuals can be claimed only by God, and not by any human being. It also protected people from the negative consequences of indulgent desires, like power and fame, which monotheism views as false gods not worthy of worship.