Complex sentence: Chen (2012) similarly argues that cultural differences were the most fundamental cause for the divergence, arguing that the Humanism of the Renaissance followed by the Enlightenment (including revolutionary changes in attitude towards religion) enabled a mercantile, innovative, individualistic, and capitalistic spirit.
Split into simpler sentences: Chen (2012) similarly argues that cultural differences were the most fundamental cause for the divergence. The Renaissance, Humanism, and the religious revolutions enabled a mercantile, innovative, individualistic, and capitalistic spirit.