Complex sentence: Fifth-century Athens refers to the Greek city-state Athens in period of roughly 480 BC-404 BC. This was a period of Athenian political hegemony, economic growth and cultural flourishing formerly known as the Golden Age of Athens or The Age of Pericles.
Split into simpler sentences: Fifth-century Athens refers to the Greek city-state Athens in period of roughly 480 BC-404 BC. This was a period of Athenian political hegemony. Economic growth and cultural flourishing formerly known as the Golden Age of Athens or The Age of Pericles.