Complex sentence: The determination of the Rockwell hardness of a material involves the application of a minor load followed by a major load, and then noting the depth of penetration from a dial, on which a harder material gives a higher number.
Split into simpler sentences: The determination of the Rockwell hardness of a material involves the application of a minor load followed by a major load. The depth of penetration from the zero datum is measured from a dial, on which a harder material gives a higher number.