Complex sentence: Longitudinal studies indicate that high neuroticism is also predictive for the development of anxiety, depression, substance abuse, psychosis, schizophrenia, and non-specific mental distress, and even after adjustment for these elevated baseline symptoms and psychiatric history.
Split into simpler sentences: Longitudinal studies indicate that high neuroticism is also predictive for the development of anxiety, depression, substance abuse, psychosis, schizophrenia, and non-specific mental distress. Also after adjustment for these elevated baseline symptoms and psychiatric history.