Complex sentence: Initially many catholic political movements in the 19th century had opposed capitalism and socialism equally as were both seen as based on materialism and social conflict, they instead preferred the ideal of self-sufficient peasants and the guild-organized craftsmen that many Catholic encyclicals advocated.
Split into simpler sentences: Initially many catholic political movements in the 19th century had opposed capitalism and socialism equally, as both were seen as based on materialism and social conflict. They instead preferred the ideal of self-sufficient peasants and the guild-organized craftsmen that many Catholic encyclicals advocated.