Complex sentence: Alternative theories include that prices reflect relative pricing power of producers and consumers--for example, a monopoly may set prices so as to maximize monopoly profit, regardless of actual costs of supply or demand, while a cartel may engage in price fixing.
Split into simpler sentences: Alternative theories include that prices reflect relative pricing power of producers and consumers. A monopoly may set prices so as to maximize monopoly profit regardless of actual costs of supply or demand ehile a cartel may engage in price fixing.