Datasets:

chujiezheng

/

wizard_of_wikipedia

like 2

[ "Elementary school (United States)", "Wow interesting, what does it take to be one in the USA?", "What age bracket are considered elementary school students?", "Awesome, how far back in does the history of elementary education go?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Elementary school (United States) __knowledge__ An elementary school is the main point of delivery of primary education in the United States, for children between the ages of 4–11 and coming between pre-kindergarten and secondary education.", "Elementary school (United States) __knowledge__ In 2001, there were 92,858 elementary schools (68,173 public, 24,685 private) in the United States, a figure which includes all schools that teach students from grade one through grade eight.", "Elementary school (United States) __knowledge__ According to the National Center for Education Statistics, in the fall of 2009 almost 3.5 million students attended public primary schools.", "Elementary school (United States) __knowledge__ It is usually from kindergarten through fifth grade.", "Elementary school (United States) __knowledge__ Primary education tends to focus on basic academic learning and socialization skills, introducing children to the broad range of knowledge, skill and behavioral adjustment they need to succeed in life – and, particularly, in secondary school.", "Elementary school (United States) __knowledge__ In general, a student learns basic arithmetic and sometimes rudimentary algebra in mathematics, English proficiency (such as basic grammar, spelling, and vocabulary), and fundamentals of other subjects.", "Elementary school (United States) __knowledge__ Learning standards are identified for all areas of a curriculum by individual states, including those for mathematics, social studies, science, physical development, the fine arts, and reading." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Elementary school (United States) __knowledge__ An elementary school is the main point of delivery of primary education in the United States, for children between the ages of 4–11 and coming between pre-kindergarten and secondary education.", "Elementary school (United States) __knowledge__ In 2001, there were 92,858 elementary schools (68,173 public, 24,685 private) in the United States, a figure which includes all schools that teach students from grade one through grade eight.", "Elementary school (United States) __knowledge__ According to the National Center for Education Statistics, in the fall of 2009 almost 3.5 million students attended public primary schools.", "Elementary school (United States) __knowledge__ It is usually from kindergarten through fifth grade.", "Elementary school (United States) __knowledge__ Primary education tends to focus on basic academic learning and socialization skills, introducing children to the broad range of knowledge, skill and behavioral adjustment they need to succeed in life – and, particularly, in secondary school.", "Elementary school (United States) __knowledge__ In general, a student learns basic arithmetic and sometimes rudimentary algebra in mathematics, English proficiency (such as basic grammar, spelling, and vocabulary), and fundamentals of other subjects.", "Elementary school (United States) __knowledge__ Learning standards are identified for all areas of a curriculum by individual states, including those for mathematics, social studies, science, physical development, the fine arts, and reading.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "WOW series __knowledge__ \"WOW\" is a series of annual compilation albums featuring contemporary Christian music dating from 1995.", "WOW series __knowledge__ Comprising songs submitted by each partner label, the annual \"WOW Hits\" releases are typically double CD sets.", "WOW series __knowledge__ The birth of the WOW record project can be traced Grant Cunningham, A&R Director at Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ In November 1994 Grant made a business trip to EMI Limited in London, which at the time was the parent company of Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ There he noticed that several British record labels were issuing an annual CD of top-rated songs, known as the \"NOW\" series, containing collections of pop songs.", "Women of Wrestling __knowledge__ WOW - Women Of Wrestling, aka WOW!, is a women's professional wrestling promotion founded in 2000 by David McLane, previously the founder of Gorgeous Ladies of Wrestling.", "Women of Wrestling __knowledge__ It is based in Los Angeles, California, and is owned by McLane and Los Angeles Lakers owner and president Jeanie Buss.", "Women of Wrestling __knowledge__ The promotion launched a series of syndicated programs in the 2000-01 television seasons in 102 TV markets using a similar format of character driven performers, with names befitting a comic book series, such as Jungle Grrrl, an inmate tag-team complete with orange jump suits named Caged Heat, a Hollywood starlet named Lana Star, and the Persian Princess.", "Let's Get Down (Bow Wow song) __knowledge__ \"Let's Get Down\" is a song by American rapper Bow Wow, released on June 24, 2003 as the first single off his third album \"Unleashed\" (2003).", "Let's Get Down (Bow Wow song) __knowledge__ The song was written by Shad Moss, Phalon Alexander, Rahman Griffin and a then-unknown T.I..", "Let's Get Down (Bow Wow song) __knowledge__ It was produced by Jazze Pha and features rapper Birdman under his former alias \"Baby\".", "Let's Get Down (Bow Wow song) __knowledge__ It's the first song to be released by Bow Wow without the \"Lil'\" moniker in his name after making his film debut in 2002's \"Like Mike\" and releasing his cover of \"Basketball\" for the film's soundtrack.", "Let's Get Down (Bow Wow song) __knowledge__ Bow Wow said that following the name change, he wanted to do the same with his music by contributing more into the songwriting process of the album and release a single that matched his new image.", "Chambersburg Area School District __knowledge__ The Chambersburg Area School District is a public school district located in Franklin County, Pennsylvania.", "Chambersburg Area School District __knowledge__ The district encompasses approximately 250 square miles, including the borough of Chambersburg, plus the townships of Hamilton, Greene, Lurgan, and Letterkenny, and a portion of Guilford Township.", "Chambersburg Area School District __knowledge__ It operates the following schools: Andrew Buchanan Elementary, Guilford Hills Elementary, South Hamilton Elementary, Benjamin Chambers Elementary, Hamilton Heights Elementary, Thaddeus Stevens Elementary, Lurgan Elementary, Falling Spring Elementary, Grandview Elementary, Scotland Elementary, Marion Elementary, Fayetteville Elementary, New Franklin Elementary, Chambersburg Area Middle School South, Chambersburg Area Middle School North, Chambersburg Area Senior High School and the Career Magnet School.", "State College Area School District __knowledge__ The State College Area School District (SCASD) is a large, suburban/rural public school district based in State College, Pennsylvania that serves students and includes public schools in the Borough of State College, Pennsylvania, and the surrounding townships of College, Ferguson, Halfmoon, Harris, and Patton.", "State College Area School District __knowledge__ State College Area School District encompasses approximately .", "State College Area School District __knowledge__ According to 2008 local census data, the district served a resident population of 86,106.", "State College Area School District __knowledge__ Per District officials, the State College Area School District provided basic educational services to 6,750 pupils as of June 2016 (down from 7,096 pupils in 2010).", "Milton Area School District __knowledge__ The Milton Area School District is a small, rural public school district headquartered in Milton, Pennsylvania.", "Milton Area School District __knowledge__ The district is located in Northumberland and Union counties.", "Milton Area School District __knowledge__ Milton Area School District encompasses approximately .", "Milton Area School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, it served a resident population of 15,510.", "Milton Area School District __knowledge__ By 2010, the Milton Area School District's population increased to 16,561 people.", "Milton Area School District __knowledge__ The educational attainment levels for the School District population (25 years old and over) were 85.5% high school graduates and 13% college graduates.", "Milton Area School District __knowledge__ The district is one of the 500 public school districts of Pennsylvania.", "Wilkinsburg School District __knowledge__ The Wilkinsburg School District is a small, urban public school district serving the mostly African American community and Pittsburgh suburb of Wilkinsburg, Pennsylvania.", "Wilkinsburg School District __knowledge__ The district encompasses approximately .", "Wilkinsburg School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, it served a resident population of 19,196.", "Wilkinsburg School District __knowledge__ By 2010, the district's population declined to 15,933 people.", "Wilkinsburg School District __knowledge__ The educational attainment levels for the Wilkinsburg Borough School District population (25 years old and over) were 90% high school graduates and 28.5% college graduates.", "Wilkinsburg School District __knowledge__ According to the Pennsylvania Budget and Policy Center, 80% of the district’s pupils lived at 185% or below the Federal Poverty level as shown by their eligibility for the federal free or reduced price school meal programs in 2012.", "List of Fremont Unified School District elementary schools __knowledge__ The following is a list of Fremont Unified School District elementary schools.", "List of Fremont Unified School District elementary schools __knowledge__ There are 28 elementary schools in the Fremont Unified School District, which is located in the city of Fremont, California.", "List of Fremont Unified School District elementary schools __knowledge__ The list is organized by the attendance area of each elementary school, identifying the high school the school feeds into.", "List of Fremont Unified School District elementary schools __knowledge__ Ardenwood Elementary School is an elementary school in Fremont, California.", "List of Fremont Unified School District elementary schools __knowledge__ It is located at 33955 Emilia Lane 94555 and was established in 1985.", "List of Fremont Unified School District elementary schools __knowledge__ It is one of 28 elementary schools in the city belonging to the Fremont Unified School District.", "List of Fremont Unified School District elementary schools __knowledge__ Ardenwood is part of the American Attendance area and students from Ardenwood Elementary eventually go to Thornton Junior High School and American High School External Links Brookvale Elementary School is an elementary school in Fremont, California.", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ Shikellamy School District is a midsized, suburban/rural, public school district in Northumberland County, Pennsylvania.", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ It serves Northumberland Borough, Point Township, Rockefeller Township, Snydertown Borough, the City of Sunbury, and Upper Augusta Township.", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ The administrative offices are located at Administration Center, 200 Island Blvd, Sunbury, Pennsylvania.", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ Shikellamy School District encompasses approximately .", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, Per the US Census Bureau, by 2010, the district's population declined to 22,554 people.", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ The educational attainment levels for the Shikellamy School District population 25 and over were 83.6% high school graduates and 15.3% college graduates." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Elementary school (United States) __knowledge__ An elementary school is the main point of delivery of primary education in the United States, for children between the ages of 4–11 and coming between pre-kindergarten and secondary education.", "Elementary school (United States) __knowledge__ In 2001, there were 92,858 elementary schools (68,173 public, 24,685 private) in the United States, a figure which includes all schools that teach students from grade one through grade eight.", "Elementary school (United States) __knowledge__ According to the National Center for Education Statistics, in the fall of 2009 almost 3.5 million students attended public primary schools.", "Elementary school (United States) __knowledge__ It is usually from kindergarten through fifth grade.", "Elementary school (United States) __knowledge__ Primary education tends to focus on basic academic learning and socialization skills, introducing children to the broad range of knowledge, skill and behavioral adjustment they need to succeed in life – and, particularly, in secondary school.", "Elementary school (United States) __knowledge__ In general, a student learns basic arithmetic and sometimes rudimentary algebra in mathematics, English proficiency (such as basic grammar, spelling, and vocabulary), and fundamentals of other subjects.", "Elementary school (United States) __knowledge__ Learning standards are identified for all areas of a curriculum by individual states, including those for mathematics, social studies, science, physical development, the fine arts, and reading.", "Central Dauphin School District __knowledge__ The Central Dauphin School District is a large, suburban, public school district located in suburban Harrisburg, Pennsylvania serving students in central and eastern Dauphin County.", "Central Dauphin School District __knowledge__ It is the largest school district in the county, the largest in the greater Harrisburg metropolitan area and is the 14th largest school district in Pennsylvania.", "Central Dauphin School District __knowledge__ The district serves the Boroughs of: Dauphin, Paxtang and Penbrook as well as Lower Paxton Township, Middle Paxton Township, Swatara Township and West Hanover Township.", "Central Dauphin School District __knowledge__ It was created in 1954, combining four smaller districts.", "Central Dauphin School District __knowledge__ The Central Dauphin School District encompasses approximately .", "West Shore School District __knowledge__ West Shore School District, is a large, suburban, public school district with its main office located in Lewisberry, Pennsylvania.The Superintendent is Todd Stoltz.", "West Shore School District __knowledge__ This district serves students in eastern Cumberland County and northern York County.", "West Shore School District __knowledge__ It serves the municipalities of Lemoyne, New Cumberland and Wormleysburg boroughs and Lower Allen Township in Cumberland County; Goldsboro and Lewisberry boroughs, Fairview Township and Newberry Township in York County.", "West Shore School District __knowledge__ West Shore School District encompasses approximately .", "West Shore School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, the District served a resident population of 57,960 people.", "Juniata County School District __knowledge__ The Juniata County School District is a rural, public school district located in Juniata County, Pennsylvania.", "Juniata County School District __knowledge__ The district is one of the 500 public school districts of Pennsylvania and one of seven county-wide school districts in the Commonwealth.", "Juniata County School District __knowledge__ The district encompasses approximately .", "Juniata County School District __knowledge__ Juniata County School District serves residents in: Beale Township, Delaware Township, Fayette Township, Fermanagh Township, Lack Township, Milford Township, Monroe Township, Spruce Hill Township, Susquehanna Township, Turbett Township, Tuscarora Township and Walker Township.", "Juniata County School District __knowledge__ It also serves the residents of the following boroughs: Mifflin, Mifflintown, Port Royal, Thompsontown, East Salem, East Waterford, Mexico, McAlisterville and Richfield.", "Southern Tioga School District __knowledge__ Southern Tioga School District is a small, rural public schools system located in northern Central Pennsylvania covering parts of Tioga County and Lycoming County.", "Southern Tioga School District __knowledge__ It encompasses .", "Southern Tioga School District __knowledge__ According to 2010 federal census data, it serves a resident population of 15,551 making it a third class school district.", "Southern Tioga School District __knowledge__ The district operates schools in Mansfield, Liberty, and Blossburg.", "Southern Tioga School District __knowledge__ It serves residents in: Covington Township, Rutland Township, Richmond Township, Liberty Township, Bloss Township, Sullivan Township, Ward Township, Morris Township, and Hamilton Township, as well as Roseville Borough and Putnam.", "Southern Tioga School District __knowledge__ In Lycoming County, Southern Tioga School District serves both: Jackson Township and Cogan House Township.", "Berwick Area School District __knowledge__ The Berwick Area School District is a midsized, rural, public school district.", "Berwick Area School District __knowledge__ Berwick Area School District encompasses approximately , spanning portions of two central Pennsylvania counties.", "Berwick Area School District __knowledge__ In Columbia County it covers the Boroughs of Berwick and Briar Creek and Briar Creek Township.", "Berwick Area School District __knowledge__ In Luzerne County it covers the Borough of Nescopeck and Hollenback Township, Nescopeck Township and Salem Township.", "Berwick Area School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, it served a resident population of 22,622.", "Berwick Area School District __knowledge__ By 2010, the District's population had declined to 22,332 people.", "Berwick Area School District __knowledge__ The educational attainment levels for the School District population (25 years old and over) were 82.1% high school graduates and 13.7% college graduates.", "Chambersburg Area School District __knowledge__ The Chambersburg Area School District is a public school district located in Franklin County, Pennsylvania.", "Chambersburg Area School District __knowledge__ The district encompasses approximately 250 square miles, including the borough of Chambersburg, plus the townships of Hamilton, Greene, Lurgan, and Letterkenny, and a portion of Guilford Township.", "Chambersburg Area School District __knowledge__ It operates the following schools: Andrew Buchanan Elementary, Guilford Hills Elementary, South Hamilton Elementary, Benjamin Chambers Elementary, Hamilton Heights Elementary, Thaddeus Stevens Elementary, Lurgan Elementary, Falling Spring Elementary, Grandview Elementary, Scotland Elementary, Marion Elementary, Fayetteville Elementary, New Franklin Elementary, Chambersburg Area Middle School South, Chambersburg Area Middle School North, Chambersburg Area Senior High School and the Career Magnet School.", "Northern Cambria School District __knowledge__ The Northern Cambria School District is a small, rural, public school district located in northwestern Cambria County in Pennsylvania.", "Northern Cambria School District __knowledge__ The district encompasses: the borough of Northern Cambria along with Barr and Susquehanna Township.", "Northern Cambria School District __knowledge__ The geographic area is just .", "Northern Cambria School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, it serves a resident population of 8,342.", "Northern Cambria School District __knowledge__ By 2010, the federal census data found the district resident population had declined to 7,898 people.", "Northern Cambria School District __knowledge__ The educational attainment levels for the Northern Cambria School District population (25 years old and over) were 85.7% high school graduates and 16.2% college graduates.", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ Shikellamy School District is a midsized, suburban/rural, public school district in Northumberland County, Pennsylvania.", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ It serves Northumberland Borough, Point Township, Rockefeller Township, Snydertown Borough, the City of Sunbury, and Upper Augusta Township.", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ The administrative offices are located at Administration Center, 200 Island Blvd, Sunbury, Pennsylvania.", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ Shikellamy School District encompasses approximately .", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, Per the US Census Bureau, by 2010, the district's population declined to 22,554 people.", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ The educational attainment levels for the Shikellamy School District population 25 and over were 83.6% high school graduates and 15.3% college graduates.", "Milton Area School District __knowledge__ The Milton Area School District is a small, rural public school district headquartered in Milton, Pennsylvania.", "Milton Area School District __knowledge__ The district is located in Northumberland and Union counties.", "Milton Area School District __knowledge__ Milton Area School District encompasses approximately .", "Milton Area School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, it served a resident population of 15,510.", "Milton Area School District __knowledge__ By 2010, the Milton Area School District's population increased to 16,561 people.", "Milton Area School District __knowledge__ The educational attainment levels for the School District population (25 years old and over) were 85.5% high school graduates and 13% college graduates.", "Milton Area School District __knowledge__ The district is one of the 500 public school districts of Pennsylvania.", "West Perry School District __knowledge__ The West Perry School District is a midsized, public school district located in western Perry County, Pennsylvania.", "West Perry School District __knowledge__ It encompasses over , covering virtually all of the western half of the county.", "West Perry School District __knowledge__ As one of Perry County's four school districts, West Perry serves: the boroughs of Blain, New Bloomfield and Landisburg, as well as, Carroll Township, Centre Township, Jackson Township, Northeast Madison Township, Saville Township, Spring Township, Southwest Madison Township, Toboyne Township, and Tyrone Township, making it the largest school district in terms of area in Perry County.", "West Perry School District __knowledge__ According to 2008 local census data, West Perry School District had a resident population of 17,101 people.", "Lower Dauphin School District __knowledge__ Lower Dauphin School District is a midsized, suburban public school district located in central Pennsylvania.", "Lower Dauphin School District __knowledge__ The Lower Dauphin School District encompasses approximately .", "Lower Dauphin School District __knowledge__ The Lower Dauphin School District spans Hummelstown, Pennsylvania, East Hanover Township, Pennsylvania, Londonderry Township, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, South Hanover Township, Pennsylvania, and Conewago Township, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania.", "Lower Dauphin School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data it served a resident population of 22,546.", "Lower Dauphin School District __knowledge__ By 2010, the district's population increased to 24,747 people.", "Lower Dauphin School District __knowledge__ The educational attainment levels for the Lower Dauphin School District population (25 years old and over) were 91.2% high school graduates and 28.2% college graduates.", "Stroudsburg Area School District __knowledge__ Stroudsburg Area School District is a large, suburban/rural public school district located in the Poconos of northeast Pennsylvania.", "Stroudsburg Area School District __knowledge__ The headquarters are located on West Main Street in the Borough of Stroudsburg in Monroe County.", "Stroudsburg Area School District __knowledge__ Stroudsburg Area School District encompasses approximately .", "Stroudsburg Area School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, it served a resident population of 30,713 .", "Stroudsburg Area School District __knowledge__ By 2010, the district's population increased to 36,502 people, by 2015 it had declined to 35,787.", "Stroudsburg Area School District __knowledge__ In 2009, the district residents’ per capita income was $22,137, while the median family income was $56,546.", "Stroudsburg Area School District __knowledge__ In the Commonwealth, the median family income was $49,501 and the United States median family income was $49,445, in 2010." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Elementary school (United States) __knowledge__ An elementary school is the main point of delivery of primary education in the United States, for children between the ages of 4–11 and coming between pre-kindergarten and secondary education.", "Elementary school (United States) __knowledge__ In 2001, there were 92,858 elementary schools (68,173 public, 24,685 private) in the United States, a figure which includes all schools that teach students from grade one through grade eight.", "Elementary school (United States) __knowledge__ According to the National Center for Education Statistics, in the fall of 2009 almost 3.5 million students attended public primary schools.", "Elementary school (United States) __knowledge__ It is usually from kindergarten through fifth grade.", "Elementary school (United States) __knowledge__ Primary education tends to focus on basic academic learning and socialization skills, introducing children to the broad range of knowledge, skill and behavioral adjustment they need to succeed in life – and, particularly, in secondary school.", "Elementary school (United States) __knowledge__ In general, a student learns basic arithmetic and sometimes rudimentary algebra in mathematics, English proficiency (such as basic grammar, spelling, and vocabulary), and fundamentals of other subjects.", "Elementary school (United States) __knowledge__ Learning standards are identified for all areas of a curriculum by individual states, including those for mathematics, social studies, science, physical development, the fine arts, and reading.", "Education in the Philippines __knowledge__ Education in the Philippines is managed and regulated by the Department of Education (DepEd), Commission on Higher Education (CHED) and Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA).", "Education in the Philippines __knowledge__ DepEd is responsible for the K–12 basic education; it exercises full and exclusive control over public schools and nominal regulation over private schools, and it also enforces the national curriculum that has been put in place since 2013.", "Education in the Philippines __knowledge__ CHED and TESDA, on the other hand, are responsible for higher education; CHED regulates the academically-oriented universities and colleges while TESDA oversees the development of technical and vocational education institutions and programs in the country.", "Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act __knowledge__ The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act or Right to Education Act (RTE) is an Act of the Parliament of India enacted on 4 August 2009, which describes the modalities of the importance of free and compulsory education for children between 6 and 14 in India under Article 21A of the Indian Constitution.", "Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act __knowledge__ India became one of 135 countries to make education a fundamental right of every child when the act came into force on 1 April 2010.", "Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act __knowledge__ The title of the RTE Act incorporates the words ‘free and compulsory’.", "Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act __knowledge__ ‘Free education’ means that no child, other than a child who has been admitted by his or her parents to a school which is not supported by the appropriate Government, shall be liable to pay any kind of fee or charges or expenses which may prevent him or her from pursuing and completing elementary education.", "Modified Scheme of Elementary education 1953 __knowledge__ The Modified Scheme of Elementary Education or New Scheme of Elementary Education or Madras Scheme of Elementary Education dubbed by its critics as Kula Kalvi Thittam (Hereditary Education Policy), was an abortive attempt at education reform introduced by the Indian National Congress Government of the Madras State, led by C. Rajagopalachari (Rajaji) in 1953.", "Modified Scheme of Elementary education 1953 __knowledge__ The scheme proposed the introduction of two shifts or sessions in elementary schools.", "Modified Scheme of Elementary education 1953 __knowledge__ In one session regular teaching would be done and during the second session, the students would be sent home to learn the occupations of their parents.", "Modified Scheme of Elementary education 1953 __knowledge__ It became controversial and was accused of being a casteist scheme to perpetuate the caste hierarchy as Hindu Professions were caste based.", "History of education in England __knowledge__ The history of education in England is documented from Saxon settlement of England, and the setting up of the first cathedral schools in 597 and 604.", "History of education in England __knowledge__ Before then education was an oral affair, or followed the Roman model in diaspora and integrated families.", "History of education in England __knowledge__ During the Middle Ages, schools were established to teach Latin grammar to the sons of the aristocracy.", "History of education in England __knowledge__ Two universities were established in affiliation with the church: the University of Oxford, followed by the University of Cambridge, to assist in training the clergy.", "History of education in England __knowledge__ A reformed system of \"free grammar schools\" was established in the reign of Edward VI.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ Education in the United States is provided by public, private and home schools.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ State governments set overall educational standards, often mandate standardized tests for K–12 public school systems and supervise, usually through a board of regents, state colleges and universities.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ Funding comes from the state, local, and federal government.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ Private schools are generally free to determine their own curriculum and staffing policies, with voluntary accreditation available through independent regional accreditation authorities, although some state regulation can apply.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ In 2013, about 87% of school-age children (those below higher education) attended state funded public schools, about 10% attended tuition- and foundation-funded private schools and roughly 3% were home-schooled.", "Education in Thailand __knowledge__ Education in Thailand is provided mainly by the Thai government through the Ministry of Education from pre-school to senior high school.", "Education in Thailand __knowledge__ A free basic education of twelve years is guaranteed by the constitution, and a minimum of nine years' school attendance is mandatory.", "Education in Thailand __knowledge__ In 2009 the Ministry of Education announced the extension of a free, mandatory education to fifteen years.", "Education in Thailand __knowledge__ Formal education consists of at least twelve years of basic education, and higher education.", "Education in Thailand __knowledge__ Basic education is divided into six years of elementary education and six years of secondary education, the latter being further divided into three years of lower- and upper-secondary levels.", "Secondary education __knowledge__ Secondary education covers two phases on the International Standard Classification of Education scale.", "Secondary education __knowledge__ Level 2 or lower secondary education (less common junior secondary education) is considered the second and final phase of basic education, and level 3 (upper) secondary education is the stage before tertiary education.", "Secondary education __knowledge__ Every country aims to provide basic education, but the systems and terminology remain unique to them.", "Secondary education __knowledge__ Secondary education typically takes place after six years of primary education and is followed by higher education, vocational education or employment.", "Secondary education __knowledge__ Like primary education, in most countries secondary education is compulsory, at least until the age of 16.", "People Under the Stairs __knowledge__ People Under the Stairs (abbreviated PUTS and The P) are an American hip hop group from Los Angeles, California, formed in 1997.", "People Under the Stairs __knowledge__ Since their inception, the group has consisted solely of Christopher Portugal (Thes One) and Michael Turner (Double K).", "People Under the Stairs __knowledge__ The group employs a DIY work ethic of sampling, MCing, DJing, and producing all of their output.", "People Under the Stairs __knowledge__ Despite difficulties achieving mainstream or chart successes, the group has shunned critiques that they are an \"underground\" group.", "People Under the Stairs __knowledge__ They have achieved notoriety and praise from fellow musicians through eight well-received albums and a constant worldwide touring schedule that has taken them on multiple world tours to over 40 countries on 6 continents.", "Host and hostess clubs __knowledge__ Hostess clubs are a common feature in the night-time entertainment industry of East Asian countries.", "Host and hostess clubs __knowledge__ They employ primarily female staff and cater to males seeking drinks and attentive conversation.", "Host and hostess clubs __knowledge__ The modern host clubs are similar establishments where primarily male staff adhere to females.", "Host and hostess clubs __knowledge__ Host and hostess clubs are considered part of \"mizu shōbai\" (literally \"water trade\"), the night-time entertainment business in Japan.", "Host and hostess clubs __knowledge__ In Japan, two types of bars are hostess clubs and , a portmanteau of and .", "Host and hostess clubs __knowledge__ Hostesses who work at kyabakura are known as , meaning \"cabaret girl\", and many of them use professional names called .", "Grading systems by country __knowledge__ This is a list of grading systems used by countries of the world, first organized by continent, with links to specifics in many entries.", "Grading systems by country __knowledge__ Most universities follow a model based on the British system.", "Grading systems by country __knowledge__ Thus, at the University of Cape Town and the University of South Africa (UNISA), the percentages are calibrated as follows: a 1st class pass is given for75% and above, a second (division one) for 70 - 74%, a second (division two) for 60% - 69%, and a third for 50 - 59%.", "Grading systems by country __knowledge__ Any lower than 50% is a fail.", "Grading systems by country __knowledge__ The University of the Witwatersrand considers an A to be 75% and above.", "Grading systems by country __knowledge__ Different countries in Asia have a variety of grading scales.", "Vitamin K __knowledge__ Vitamin K is a group of structurally similar, fat-soluble vitamins the human body requires for complete synthesis of certain proteins that are prerequisites for blood coagulation (K from \"Koagulation\", Danish for \"coagulation\") and which the body also needs for controlling binding of calcium in bones and other tissues.", "Vitamin K __knowledge__ The vitamin K-related modification of the proteins allows them to bind calcium ions, which they cannot do otherwise.", "Vitamin K __knowledge__ Without vitamin K, blood coagulation is seriously impaired, and uncontrolled bleeding occurs.", "Vitamin K __knowledge__ Preliminary clinical research indicates that deficiency of vitamin K may weaken bones, potentially leading to osteoporosis, and may promote calcification of arteries and other soft tissues.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ This list of ecoregions of North America provides an overview of North American ecoregions designated by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC) in its North American Environmental Atlas.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ It should not be confused with Wikipedia articles based on the classification system developed by the World Wildlife Fund, such as List of ecoregions (WWF) and Lists of ecoregions by country.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ The commission was established in 1994 by the member states of Canada, Mexico, and the United States to address regional environmental concerns under the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC), the environmental side accord to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).", "KUOM __knowledge__ Radio K is the branding used for programming that originates from the studios of KUOM, a student-run non-commercial educational radio station, licensed to the University of Minnesota Twin Cities.", "KUOM __knowledge__ Programs include a wide variety of Independent and Alternative music, and feature specialty shows dedicated to Metal, Hip Hop, Jazz, R&B, Electronic, Punk, Folk, and World Music.", "KUOM __knowledge__ The station specializes in promoting local musicians and produces local shows, including the award-winning \"Off The Record\".", "KUOM __knowledge__ During daylight hours, Radio K programs are carried over KUOM in Minneapolis, transmitting at 770 kHz on the AM band.", "Basketball positions __knowledge__ The five basketball positions normally employed by organized basketball teams are the point guard (PG), the shooting guard (SG), the small forward (SF), the power forward (PF), and the center (C).", "Basketball positions __knowledge__ Typically, the point guard is the leader of the team when on the court.", "Basketball positions __knowledge__ This position requires substantial ball handling skills and the ability to facilitate the team during a play.", "Basketball positions __knowledge__ The shooting guard, as the name implies, is often the best shooter and is probably capable of shooting accurately from longer distances.", "Basketball positions __knowledge__ Generally, they also have good ball-handling skills.", "Basketball positions __knowledge__ The small forward often has an aggressive approach to the basket when handling the ball." ] ]

[ 2, 4, 1, 28 ]

[ "i love being an elementary school teacher. its very rewarding. in 2001 there were 92,858 elementary schools in teh u.s", "well, usually elementary is kindergarten through fifth grade. I have a bachelors degree.", "The ages usually range from 4-11 and thats coming from pre-k also.", "Thats a great question. I cant remember the year it was founded but only 10% of children attend a tuition based school. such as a private school." ]

[ "Elementary school (United States)", "Elementary school (United States)", "Elementary school (United States)", "Elementary school (United States)" ]

[ "Acura\ndo you like Acuras? ", "Well we actually have a Toyota Camry but i think the Acuras are great cars. Most Japanese made cars are good", "I might buy one. My brother in law actually works for Honda and highly recommends their cars", "They are very luxurious cars. he obviously drives one since he works for them and we have been able to experience the vehicle through that" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Acura __knowledge__ Acura is the luxury vehicle marque of Japanese automaker Honda.", "Acura __knowledge__ The brand was launched in the United States and Canada in March 1986, marketing luxury, performance, and high-performance vehicles.", "Acura __knowledge__ It was introduced to Hong Kong in 1991, Mexico in 2004, China in 2006, Russia in 2014 and Kuwait in 2015, and is also sold in Ukraine.", "Acura __knowledge__ Honda's plan to introduce Acura to the Japanese domestic market (JDM) in 2008 was delayed, due to economic reasons, and later withheld as a result of the 2008 financial crisis.", "Acura __knowledge__ Acura holds the distinction of being the first Japanese automotive luxury brand.", "Acura __knowledge__ The creation of Acura coincided with the introduction of a JDM Honda dealership sales channel, called Honda Clio, which sold luxury vehicles, joining previously established Honda Verno, followed by Honda Primo the following year.", "Acura __knowledge__ In its first few years of existence, Acura was among the best-selling luxury marques in the US.", "Acura __knowledge__ Though sales were down in the mid-to-late 1990s, the brand experienced a revival in the early 2000s, due to drastic redesigns and the introductions of new models.", "Acura __knowledge__ In the late 1980s, the success of the company's first flagship vehicle, the Legend, inspired fellow Japanese automakers Toyota and Nissan to launch their own luxury brands, Lexus and Infiniti, respectively.", "Aerocapture __knowledge__ Aerocapture is an orbital transfer maneuver used to reduce the velocity of a spacecraft from a hyperbolic trajectory to an elliptical orbit around the targeted celestial body.", "Aerocapture __knowledge__ Aerocapture uses a planet’s or moon’s atmosphere to accomplish a quick, near-propellantless orbit capture to place a space vehicle in its science orbit (most science orbits require a near circular orbit around the celestial body).", "Aerocapture __knowledge__ The aerocapture maneuver starts as the spacecraft enters the atmosphere of the target body from an approach trajectory.", "Aerocapture __knowledge__ The aerodynamic drag generated by the dense atmosphere slows the craft.", "Aerocapture __knowledge__ After the spacecraft slows enough to capture into orbit, it exits the atmosphere and executes a small motor firing to circularize the orbit.", "N-malonylurea hydrolase __knowledge__ In enzymology, a N-malonylurea hydrolase () is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are 3-oxo-3-ureidopropanoate and HO, whereas its two products are malonate and urea.", "N-malonylurea hydrolase __knowledge__ This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, those acting on carbon-nitrogen bonds other than peptide bonds, specifically in linear amides.", "N-malonylurea hydrolase __knowledge__ The systematic name of this enzyme class is 3-oxo-3-ureidopropanoate amidohydrolase (urea- and malonate-forming).", "N-malonylurea hydrolase __knowledge__ This enzyme is also called ureidomalonase.", "Dur-Dur Band __knowledge__ Dur-Dur Band was a musical group from Mogadishu, Somalia.", "Dur-Dur Band __knowledge__ The band was formed in the 1980s and was one of the most well-known acts on the Mogadishu disco scene at the time.", "Dur-Dur Band __knowledge__ The band later performed and recorded based in neighbouring Ethiopia.", "Dur-Dur Band __knowledge__ Their unique sound encompasses funk and disco, with influences of soul.", "Dur-Dur Band __knowledge__ Inspired by artists such as Michael Jackson, Bob Marley and Santana, Dur-Dur Band emerged during a time when Somalia’s distinctive contribution to the creative culture in the Horn of Africa was visible and abundant.", "Dur-Dur Band __knowledge__ Thousands of recordings made at the Somali National Theatre, Radio Mogadishu and other studios, were complemented by the nightclubs at Hotel Juba, Jazeera Hotel and Hotel al-Curuuba, creating a flourishing music scene.", "Tikal __knowledge__ Tikal () (\"Tik’al\" in modern Mayan orthography) is the ruin of an ancient city, which was likely to have been called Yax Mutal, found in a rainforest in Guatemala.", "Tikal __knowledge__ Ambrosio Tut, a gum-sapper, reported the ruins to \"La Gaceta\", a Guatemalan newspaper, which named the site Tikal.", "Tikal __knowledge__ After the Berlin Academy of Sciences' magazine republished the report in 1853, archeologists and treasure hunters began visiting the forest.", "Tikal __knowledge__ Today, tourism to the site may help protect the rainforest.", "Tikal __knowledge__ It is one of the largest archaeological sites and urban centers of the pre-Columbian Maya civilization.", "Tikal __knowledge__ It is located in the archaeological region of the Petén Basin in what is now northern Guatemala.", "Tikal Temple V __knowledge__ Tikal Temple V is the name given by archaeologists to one of the major pyramids at Tikal.", "Tikal Temple V __knowledge__ Tikal is one of the most important archaeological sites of the pre-Columbian Maya civilization and is located in the Petén Department of northern Guatemala.", "Tikal Temple V __knowledge__ Temple V stands south of the Central Acropolis and is the mortuary pyramid of an as yet unidentified ruler of the once great city.", "Tikal Temple V __knowledge__ The temple stands high, making it the second tallest structure at Tikal—only Temple IV is taller.", "Tikal Temple V __knowledge__ The temple has been dated to about AD 700, in the Late Classic period, via radiocarbon analysis and the dating of ceramics associated with the structure places its construction during the reign of Nun Bak Chak in the second half of the 7th century.", "Fritz von Loßberg __knowledge__ Friedrich Karl \"Fritz\" von Loßberg (30 April 1868 – 4 May 1942) was a German colonel, and later general, of World War I.", "Fritz von Loßberg __knowledge__ He was a strategic planner, especially of defence, who was Chief of Staff for the 2nd, 3rd and 4th armies.", "Fritz von Loßberg __knowledge__ He was present at the Battle of the Somme, the Battle of Arras and the Battle of Verdun.", "Fritz von Loßberg __knowledge__ Loßberg was born in Bad Homburg in Hesse-Nassau.", "Fritz von Loßberg __knowledge__ Erich Ludendorff refers to him as \"Loszberg\" in his memoires.", "Fritz von Loßberg __knowledge__ English-speaking sources often spell his name \"Lossberg\".", "Fritz von Loßberg __knowledge__ Loßberg was later to become \"legendary as the fireman of the Western Front, always sent by OHL to the area of crisis\".", "Dmitry Weisbecker-Ivanov __knowledge__ Dmitriy Alexandrovich Vaisbekker-Ivanov (born December 1, 1970, in Dzhambul city, KazSSR, USSR ) was a Russian poet.", "Dmitry Weisbecker-Ivanov __knowledge__ He was a citizen of the Republic of Kazakhstan.", "Dmitry Weisbecker-Ivanov __knowledge__ Dmitriy is the First award winner of the International award \"Philanthropist\" in the category \"Literary work\", subcategory \"Small prose\" for outstanding achievements in culture and art, Moscow, 2014.", "Dmitry Weisbecker-Ivanov __knowledge__ He is the First award winner of the republican competition \"Different but equal\" in the category \"The Gold Feather\", Taraz, 2014.", "Dmitry Weisbecker-Ivanov __knowledge__ Vaisbekker-Ivanov is a creative pseudonym.", "Dmitry Weisbecker-Ivanov __knowledge__ His real surname is Ivanov.", "Dmitry Weisbecker-Ivanov __knowledge__ Vaisbekker-Ivanov was born in 1970 in Dzhambul (now Taraz)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Acura __knowledge__ Acura is the luxury vehicle marque of Japanese automaker Honda.", "Acura __knowledge__ The brand was launched in the United States and Canada in March 1986, marketing luxury, performance, and high-performance vehicles.", "Acura __knowledge__ It was introduced to Hong Kong in 1991, Mexico in 2004, China in 2006, Russia in 2014 and Kuwait in 2015, and is also sold in Ukraine.", "Acura __knowledge__ Honda's plan to introduce Acura to the Japanese domestic market (JDM) in 2008 was delayed, due to economic reasons, and later withheld as a result of the 2008 financial crisis.", "Acura __knowledge__ Acura holds the distinction of being the first Japanese automotive luxury brand.", "Acura __knowledge__ The creation of Acura coincided with the introduction of a JDM Honda dealership sales channel, called Honda Clio, which sold luxury vehicles, joining previously established Honda Verno, followed by Honda Primo the following year.", "Acura __knowledge__ In its first few years of existence, Acura was among the best-selling luxury marques in the US.", "Acura __knowledge__ Though sales were down in the mid-to-late 1990s, the brand experienced a revival in the early 2000s, due to drastic redesigns and the introductions of new models.", "Acura __knowledge__ In the late 1980s, the success of the company's first flagship vehicle, the Legend, inspired fellow Japanese automakers Toyota and Nissan to launch their own luxury brands, Lexus and Infiniti, respectively.", "Toyota Camry __knowledge__ The Toyota Camry (; Japanese: トヨタ・カムリ \"Toyota Kamuri\") is an automobile sold internationally by the Japanese manufacturer Toyota since 1982, spanning multiple generations.", "Toyota Camry __knowledge__ Originally compact in size (narrow-body), later Camry models have grown to fit the mid-size classification (wide-body)—although the two sizes co-existed in the 1990s.", "Toyota Camry __knowledge__ Since the release of the wide-bodied versions, Camry has been extolled by Toyota as the firm's second \"world car\" after the Corolla.", "Toyota Camry __knowledge__ In Japan, Camry is exclusive to \"Toyota Corolla Store\" retail dealerships.", "Toyota Camry __knowledge__ Narrow-body cars also spawned a rebadged sibling in Japan, the Toyota Vista (トヨタ・ビスタ)—also introduced in 1982 and sold at \"Toyota Vista Store\" locations.", "Toyota Camry (XV40) __knowledge__ The Toyota Camry (XV40) is a mid-size car that was produced by Toyota from January 2006 to July 2011.", "Toyota Camry (XV40) __knowledge__ Replacing the XV30 series, the XV40 represented the sixth generation of the Toyota Camry in all markets outside Japan, which followed a different generational lineage.", "Toyota Camry (XV40) __knowledge__ Between 2006 and 2010, a badged engineered model called Daihatsu Altis sold alongside the Camry in Japan.", "Toyota Camry (XV40) __knowledge__ Toyota replaced the XV40 series in 2011 with the XV50.", "Toyota Camry (XV40) __knowledge__ Introduced at the January 2006 North American International Auto Show, the XV40 made its North American sales debut in March 2006 as a 2007 model.", "Toyota Camry (XV40) __knowledge__ For the first time, a gasoline/electric hybrid version of Camry was offered in addition to the naturally aspirated four- and six-cylinder engines.", "TriStar Motorsports __knowledge__ TriStar Motorsports is an American professional stock car racing team that currently competes in the NASCAR Xfinity Series and the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series.", "TriStar Motorsports __knowledge__ In the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series, the team currently fields the No.", "TriStar Motorsports __knowledge__ 72 Chevrolet SS full-time for Cole Whitt.", "TriStar Motorsports __knowledge__ In the Xfinity Series, the team currently fields the No.", "TriStar Motorsports __knowledge__ 14 Camry full-time for J. J. Yeley, and the No.", "TriStar Motorsports __knowledge__ 44 Camry part-time for Benny Gordon.", "TriStar Motorsports __knowledge__ The team competed in the NASCAR Winston Cup Series primarily during the early to mid 1990s, suspending racing operations in 1997 and continuing on as Tri-Star Motors, and later Pro Motor Engines, supplying engines to many NASCAR teams prior to returning to competition in 2010.", "Official state car __knowledge__ An official state car is a car used by a government to transport its head of state or head of government in an official capacity, which may also be used occasionally to transport other members of the government or visiting dignitaries from other countries.", "Official state car __knowledge__ A few countries bring their own official state car for state visits to other countries, for instance, the United States, Russia and the United Kingdom.", "Official state car __knowledge__ It also may serve as an automotive symbol of the head of state and their country.", "Official state car __knowledge__ Part of the criteria for an official state car is to have adequate security, capability and stateliness for its duty.", "2009–11 Toyota vehicle recalls __knowledge__ Three separate but related recalls of automobiles by Toyota Motor Corporation occurred at the end of 2009 and start of 2010.", "2009–11 Toyota vehicle recalls __knowledge__ Toyota initiated the recalls, the first two with the assistance of the U.S. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), after reports that several vehicles experienced unintended acceleration.", "2009–11 Toyota vehicle recalls __knowledge__ The first recall, on November 2, 2009, was to correct a possible incursion of an incorrect or out-of-place front driver's side floor mat into the foot pedal well, which can cause pedal entrapment.", "2009–11 Toyota vehicle recalls __knowledge__ The second recall, on January 21, 2010, was begun after some crashes were shown not to have been caused by floor mat incursion.", "Toyota Camry (XV10) __knowledge__ The Toyota Camry (XV10) is a mid-size car that was produced by Toyota between 1991 and 1996 in Japan and North America, and 1993 and 1997 in Australia.", "Toyota Camry (XV10) __knowledge__ The XV10 series represented the third generation of the Toyota Camry in all markets outside Japan, which followed a different generational lineage.", "Toyota Camry (XV10) __knowledge__ The XV10 Camry range is split into different model codes indicative of the engine.", "Toyota Camry (XV10) __knowledge__ Four-cylinder models utilize the SXV10/SDV10 codes, with VCV10 designating the six-cylinder versions, and MCV10 the later six-cylinder cars in North America only.", "Toyota Camry (XV10) __knowledge__ In its home market of Japan, the XV10 Camry iteration was known as the Toyota Scepter.", "Toyota Aurion (XV40) __knowledge__ The Toyota Aurion (XV40) is the original series of the Toyota Aurion, a mid-size car produced by Toyota in Australia and parts of Asia.", "Toyota Aurion (XV40) __knowledge__ Designated \"XV40\", Toyota manufactured the first generation Aurion between 2006 and 2012 until it was fully replaced by the XV50 series.", "Toyota Aurion (XV40) __knowledge__ While Asian production of the XV50 series began in late 2011, Toyota's Australian operations did not take on production of the new model until 2012.", "Toyota Aurion (XV40) __knowledge__ Although marketed as a separate model, the XV40 series Aurion is essentially a Toyota Camry (XV40) with revised front- and rear-end treatment, along with changes to the interior and Australian tuned suspension.", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda has been the world's largest motorcycle manufacturer since 1959, as well as the world's largest manufacturer of internal combustion engines measured by volume, producing more than 14 million internal combustion engines each year.", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda became the second-largest Japanese automobile manufacturer in 2001.", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda was the eighth largest automobile manufacturer in the world behind Toyota, Volkswagen Group, Hyundai Motor Group, General Motors, Ford, Nissan, and Fiat Chrysler Automobiles in 2015.", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda was the first Japanese automobile manufacturer to release a dedicated luxury brand, Acura, in 1986.", "Luxury vehicle __knowledge__ Luxury vehicle is a marketing term for a vehicle that provides luxury — pleasant or desirable features beyond strict necessity — at increased expense.", "Luxury vehicle __knowledge__ The term suggests a vehicle with higher quality equipment, better performance, more precise construction, comfort, higher design, technologically innovative modern, or features that convey an image, brand, status, or prestige, or any other 'discretionary' feature or combination of them.", "Luxury vehicle __knowledge__ The term is also broad, highly variable and relative.", "Luxury vehicle __knowledge__ It is a perceptual, conditional and subjective attribute that may be comprehended differently by different people; \"What is a luxury car to some... may be 'ordinary' to others.\"", "Honda Legend __knowledge__ The Honda Legend is a V6-engined full-size car produced by the Japanese automaker Honda since 1985 that currently serves as its flagship vehicle and provides the basis for the Acura Legend, RL and RLX the flagship vehicle of Honda's luxury Acura division in North America.", "Honda Legend __knowledge__ The first-generation Legend, introduced to Japan October 22, 1985, was the first production Honda vehicle to offer only a SOHC V6 engine worldwide.", "Honda Legend __knowledge__ The introduction of the Legend also coincided with the launch of a new dealership sales channel in Japan, called \"Honda Clio\".", "Honda Legend __knowledge__ The Legend was the result of a joint venture with Britain's Austin Rover Group called Project XX that started in November 1981 with the Austin Rover-Honda XX letter of intent signed by the two companies to replace the Rover SD1 and to provide a luxury vehicle for Honda, and was codenamed as HX.", "Lexus LS __knowledge__ The Lexus LS (Japanese: レクサス・LS, \"Rekusasu LS\") is a full-size luxury car (F-segment in Europe) serving as the flagship model of Lexus, the luxury division of Toyota.", "Lexus LS __knowledge__ For the first four generations, all LS models featured V8 engines and were predominantly rear-wheel-drive, with Lexus also offering all-wheel-drive, hybrid, and long-wheelbase variants.", "Lexus LS __knowledge__ The fifth generation changed to using a V6 engine with no V8 option, and the long wheelbase variant was removed entirely.", "Lexus LS __knowledge__ As the first model developed by Lexus, the LS 400 debuted in January 1989 with the second generation debuting in November 1994.", "Passenger vehicles in the United States __knowledge__ \"Note: this article adopts the U.S. Department of Transportation's definition of a \"passenger vehicle\", to mean a car or truck, used for passengers, excluding buses and trains.\"", "Passenger vehicles in the United States __knowledge__ The United States is home to the second largest passenger vehicle market of any country in the world, second now to China.", "Passenger vehicles in the United States __knowledge__ Overall, there were an estimated 263.6 million registered passenger vehicles in the United States in 2015.", "Passenger vehicles in the United States __knowledge__ This number, along with the average age of vehicles, has increased steadily since 1960.", "Passenger vehicles in the United States __knowledge__ The United States is also home to three large vehicle manufacturers: General Motors, Ford Motor Company, and Chrysler, which have historically been referred to as the \"Big Three\".", "Acura RL __knowledge__ The Acura RL is a full-size luxury sedan that was manufactured by the Acura division of Honda for the 1996–2012 model years over two generations.", "Acura RL __knowledge__ The RL was the flagship of the marque, having succeeded the Acura Legend, and was replaced in 2013 by the Acura RLX.", "Acura RL __knowledge__ All models of the Legend, RL and RLX lines have been adapted from the Japanese domestic market Honda Legend.", "Acura RL __knowledge__ The model name \"RL\" is an abbreviation for \"Refined Luxury.\"", "Acura RL __knowledge__ The first-generation Acura RL was a rebadged version of the third-generation Honda Legend, and was first introduced to the North American market in 1996, to replace the second-generation Acura Legend." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Acura __knowledge__ Acura is the luxury vehicle marque of Japanese automaker Honda.", "Acura __knowledge__ The brand was launched in the United States and Canada in March 1986, marketing luxury, performance, and high-performance vehicles.", "Acura __knowledge__ It was introduced to Hong Kong in 1991, Mexico in 2004, China in 2006, Russia in 2014 and Kuwait in 2015, and is also sold in Ukraine.", "Acura __knowledge__ Honda's plan to introduce Acura to the Japanese domestic market (JDM) in 2008 was delayed, due to economic reasons, and later withheld as a result of the 2008 financial crisis.", "Acura __knowledge__ Acura holds the distinction of being the first Japanese automotive luxury brand.", "Acura __knowledge__ The creation of Acura coincided with the introduction of a JDM Honda dealership sales channel, called Honda Clio, which sold luxury vehicles, joining previously established Honda Verno, followed by Honda Primo the following year.", "Acura __knowledge__ In its first few years of existence, Acura was among the best-selling luxury marques in the US.", "Acura __knowledge__ Though sales were down in the mid-to-late 1990s, the brand experienced a revival in the early 2000s, due to drastic redesigns and the introductions of new models.", "Acura __knowledge__ In the late 1980s, the success of the company's first flagship vehicle, the Legend, inspired fellow Japanese automakers Toyota and Nissan to launch their own luxury brands, Lexus and Infiniti, respectively.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters in the television series \"Mad Men\", all of whom have appeared in multiple episodes.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Donald \"Don\" Draper (né Dick Whitman; Jon Hamm) born 1926, is the creative director at Sterling Cooper Advertising Agency; he eventually rises to become a partner.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ He later becomes a founding partner at Sterling Cooper Draper Pryce.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Draper is the series' protagonist, and more storylines focus on him than on other characters.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Margaret \"Peggy\" Olson (Elisabeth Moss), upon introduction, is the ostensibly naïve \"new girl\" at Sterling Cooper.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ She was originally Draper's secretary, but showed surprising talent and initiative, including a knack—similar to Draper's—for understanding the consumer's mind.", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda has been the world's largest motorcycle manufacturer since 1959, as well as the world's largest manufacturer of internal combustion engines measured by volume, producing more than 14 million internal combustion engines each year.", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda became the second-largest Japanese automobile manufacturer in 2001.", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda was the eighth largest automobile manufacturer in the world behind Toyota, Volkswagen Group, Hyundai Motor Group, General Motors, Ford, Nissan, and Fiat Chrysler Automobiles in 2015.", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda was the first Japanese automobile manufacturer to release a dedicated luxury brand, Acura, in 1986.", "Buy one, get one free __knowledge__ \"Buy one, get one free\", \"Buy one, get one\", \"two for the price of one\", \"two for one\" or \"2 for 1\" is a common form of sales promotion.", "Buy one, get one free __knowledge__ While not often presented to customers in acronym form, this marketing technique is universally known in the marketing industry by the acronyms BOGO, BOGOF, and BOGOHO (Buy one get one half off).", "Buy one, get one free __knowledge__ Economist Alex Tabarrok has argued that the success of this promotion lies in the fact that the price actually takes into account the fact that two items are being sold.", "Buy one, get one free __knowledge__ The price of \"one\" is somewhat nominal and is typically raised when used as part of a buy one get one free deal.", "Honda Fit __knowledge__ The Honda Fit, also marketed as the Honda Jazz, is a five-door, front-engine, front-wheel drive B-segment subcompact car manufactured and marketed by Honda since 2001 and now in its third generation.", "Honda Fit __knowledge__ Marketed worldwide and manufactured at ten plants in eight countries, sales reached almost 5 million by mid-2013.", "Honda Fit __knowledge__ Sharing Honda's global small-car platform with the City, Airwave, Mobilio, Mobilio Spike, Freed and Freed Spike, the Fit is noted for its one-box or monospace with an interior design concept that achieves a re-configurable cargo volume competitive with larger vehicles.", "Honda Fit __knowledge__ Honda released hybrid petrol-electric versions of the Fit in Japan in October 2010 and in Europe in early 2011.", "Honda in Formula One __knowledge__ Honda has participated in Formula One, as an entrant, constructor and engine supplier, for various periods since 1964.", "Honda in Formula One __knowledge__ Honda's involvement in Formula One began with the season; their withdrawal in 1968 was precipitated by the death of Honda driver Jo Schlesser during the 1968 French Grand Prix.", "Honda in Formula One __knowledge__ They returned in as an engine supplier, a role that ended in 1992.", "Honda in Formula One __knowledge__ They returned again in , providing engines for British American Racing (BAR).", "Honda in Formula One __knowledge__ By the end of 2005 they had bought out the BAR team, based at Brackley, United Kingdom, and renamed their new subsidiary Honda Racing.", "Honda in Formula One __knowledge__ It was announced on 5 December 2008 that Honda would be exiting Formula One with immediate effect due to the global financial crisis and were looking to sell their team.", "Hybrid electric vehicle __knowledge__ A hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) is a type of hybrid vehicle that combines a conventional internal combustion engine (ICE) system with an electric propulsion system (hybrid vehicle drivetrain).", "Hybrid electric vehicle __knowledge__ The presence of the electric powertrain is intended to achieve either better fuel economy than a conventional vehicle or better performance.", "Hybrid electric vehicle __knowledge__ There is a variety of HEV types, and the degree to which each functions as an electric vehicle (EV) also varies.", "Hybrid electric vehicle __knowledge__ The most common form of HEV is the hybrid electric car, although hybrid electric trucks (pickups and tractors) and buses also exist.", "Hybrid electric vehicle __knowledge__ Modern HEVs make use of efficiency-improving technologies such as regenerative brakes which convert the vehicle's kinetic energy to electric energy to charge the battery.", "Legal issues in airsoft __knowledge__ AirSoft is considered to be a modern shooting sport.", "Legal issues in airsoft __knowledge__ AirSoft guns themselves are legal in many parts of the world, although some countries, states, and cities have specific restrictions against the items.", "Legal issues in airsoft __knowledge__ For example, California State Law states that peoples of all age can use these items, classing them as both tools, and toys.", "Legal issues in airsoft __knowledge__ Public Advisory, however, is that anyone under 12 years of age should be under adult supervision.", "Legal issues in airsoft __knowledge__ Safety regulations in many areas require bright markings on the items (such as an orange tip).", "Legal issues in airsoft __knowledge__ Although the rumor that AirSoft guns are a dangerous weapon, the reality is that they are but a toy.", "Citroën XM __knowledge__ The Citroën XM is an executive car that was produced by the French automaker Citroën between 1989 and 2000.", "Citroën XM __knowledge__ Citroën sold 333,775 XMs during the model's 11 years of production.", "Citroën XM __knowledge__ The XM was voted 1990 European Car of the Year.", "Citroën XM __knowledge__ Launched on 23 May 1989, the XM was the modern iteration of the \"Big Citroën\", a flagship saloon replacement for the Citroën CX.", "Citroën XM __knowledge__ It went on sale in its native France immediately afterwards, and was available in right-hand drive on the UK market from October 1989.", "Citroën XM __knowledge__ The XM estate was launched in the spring of 1991, until which time the estate version of the CX remained in production.", "AMC Ambassador __knowledge__ The Ambassador was the top-of-the-line automobile produced by the American Motors Corporation (AMC) from 1958 until 1974.", "AMC Ambassador __knowledge__ The vehicle was known as the AMC Ambassador, Ambassador V-8 by Rambler, and Rambler Ambassador at various times during its tenure in production.", "AMC Ambassador __knowledge__ Previously, the name Ambassador had applied to Nash's \"senior\" full-size cars.", "AMC Ambassador __knowledge__ The Ambassador nameplate was used continuously from 1927 until 1974 (the name being a top-level trim line between 1927 and 1931); at the time it was discontinued, Ambassador was the longest continuously used nameplate in automotive history.", "AMC Ambassador __knowledge__ Most Ambassador models were built in Kenosha, Wisconsin.", "Pontiac __knowledge__ Pontiac is a now-defunct car brand that was owned, made, and sold by General Motors.", "Pontiac __knowledge__ Introduced as a companion make for GM's more expensive line of Oakland automobiles, Pontiac overtook Oakland in popularity and supplanted its parent brand entirely by 1933.", "Pontiac __knowledge__ Sold in the United States, Canada, and Mexico by GM, Pontiac was advertised as the performance division of General Motors from the 1960s onward.", "Pontiac __knowledge__ Amid late 2000s financial problems and restructuring efforts, GM announced in 2008 it would follow the same path with Pontiac as it had with Oldsmobile in 2004 and discontinued manufacturing and marketing vehicles under that brand by the end of 2010.", "NZ Performance Car __knowledge__ NZ Performance Car is a monthly automobile magazine and website, and is the biggest selling automotive and men’s lifestyle magazine in New Zealand.", "NZ Performance Car __knowledge__ As Parkside Media’s second title, it has eclipsed the success of NZ Classic Car.", "NZ Performance Car __knowledge__ NZ Performance Car has evolved with the times, promoting the import drag racing scene, building the drifting scene and supporting modified car events such as Auto Salon and dB Drag Racing.", "NZ Performance Car __knowledge__ Issue 1 of the magazine was bundled free with NZ Classic Car issue 66 (June 1996), and featured a Series 4 Mazda RX-7 on the cover.", "NZ Performance Car __knowledge__ The magazine’s focus has evolved from initially covering all high performance cars, including Australian V8s, to Japanese import cars, and more recently import car culture and associated activities (BMX, FMX, interviews with local and international musicians, etc.).", "Audi __knowledge__ Audi AG () is a German automobile manufacturer that designs, engineers, produces, markets and distributes luxury vehicles.", "Audi __knowledge__ Audi is a member of the Volkswagen Group and has its roots at Ingolstadt, Bavaria, Germany.", "Audi __knowledge__ Audi-branded vehicles are produced in nine production facilities worldwide.", "Audi __knowledge__ The origins of the company are complex, going back to the early 20th century and the initial enterprises (Horch and the \"Audiwerke\") founded by engineer August Horch; and two other manufacturers (DKW and Wanderer), leading to the foundation of Auto Union in 1932.", "Audi __knowledge__ The modern era of Audi essentially began in the 1960s when Auto Union was acquired by Volkswagen from Daimler-Benz.", "Performance Car (magazine) __knowledge__ Performance Car, commonly abbreviated to PC, was an automobile magazine from the United Kingdom published by EMAP between October 1983 and July 1998.", "Performance Car (magazine) __knowledge__ As suggested by the title, the magazine focussed on the high performance sector of the car market, from hot hatches through to supercars.", "Performance Car (magazine) __knowledge__ A magazine of the same name was launched in 2008.", "Performance Car (magazine) __knowledge__ AGB Business Publications Limited launched \"Performance Car\" in October 1983.", "Performance Car (magazine) __knowledge__ It replaced \"Hot Car\" magazine, a magazine that focussed on the tuned & modified car scene.", "Performance Car (magazine) __knowledge__ The change of name came about due to a slight shift of focus to manufacturer-built performance cars.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ The Ford Motor Company (commonly referred to simply as \"Ford\") is an American multinational automaker headquartered in Dearborn, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ It was founded by Henry Ford and incorporated on June 16, 1903.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ The company sells automobiles and commercial vehicles under the Ford brand and most luxury cars under the Lincoln brand.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford also owns Brazilian SUV manufacturer, Troller, and Australian performance car manufacturer FPV.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ In the past, it has also produced tractors and automotive components.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford owns an 8% stake in Aston Martin of the United Kingdom, and a 49% stake in Jiangling of China." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Acura __knowledge__ Acura is the luxury vehicle marque of Japanese automaker Honda.", "Acura __knowledge__ The brand was launched in the United States and Canada in March 1986, marketing luxury, performance, and high-performance vehicles.", "Acura __knowledge__ It was introduced to Hong Kong in 1991, Mexico in 2004, China in 2006, Russia in 2014 and Kuwait in 2015, and is also sold in Ukraine.", "Acura __knowledge__ Honda's plan to introduce Acura to the Japanese domestic market (JDM) in 2008 was delayed, due to economic reasons, and later withheld as a result of the 2008 financial crisis.", "Acura __knowledge__ Acura holds the distinction of being the first Japanese automotive luxury brand.", "Acura __knowledge__ The creation of Acura coincided with the introduction of a JDM Honda dealership sales channel, called Honda Clio, which sold luxury vehicles, joining previously established Honda Verno, followed by Honda Primo the following year.", "Acura __knowledge__ In its first few years of existence, Acura was among the best-selling luxury marques in the US.", "Acura __knowledge__ Though sales were down in the mid-to-late 1990s, the brand experienced a revival in the early 2000s, due to drastic redesigns and the introductions of new models.", "Acura __knowledge__ In the late 1980s, the success of the company's first flagship vehicle, the Legend, inspired fellow Japanese automakers Toyota and Nissan to launch their own luxury brands, Lexus and Infiniti, respectively.", "Audi __knowledge__ Audi AG () is a German automobile manufacturer that designs, engineers, produces, markets and distributes luxury vehicles.", "Audi __knowledge__ Audi is a member of the Volkswagen Group and has its roots at Ingolstadt, Bavaria, Germany.", "Audi __knowledge__ Audi-branded vehicles are produced in nine production facilities worldwide.", "Audi __knowledge__ The origins of the company are complex, going back to the early 20th century and the initial enterprises (Horch and the \"Audiwerke\") founded by engineer August Horch; and two other manufacturers (DKW and Wanderer), leading to the foundation of Auto Union in 1932.", "Audi __knowledge__ The modern era of Audi essentially began in the 1960s when Auto Union was acquired by Volkswagen from Daimler-Benz.", "Citroën DS __knowledge__ The Citroën DS () is a front-engine, front-wheel-drive executive car that was manufactured and marketed by the French company Citroën from 1955 to 1975 in sedan, wagon/estate and convertible body configurations.", "Citroën DS __knowledge__ Italian sculptor and industrial designer Flaminio Bertoni and the French aeronautical engineer André Lefèbvre styled and engineered the car.", "Citroën DS __knowledge__ Paul Magès developed the hydropneumatic self-levelling suspension.", "Citroën DS __knowledge__ Noted for its aerodynamic, futuristic body design and innovative technology, the DS set new standards in ride quality, handling, and braking—and was the first production car equipped with disc brakes.", "Official state car __knowledge__ An official state car is a car used by a government to transport its head of state or head of government in an official capacity, which may also be used occasionally to transport other members of the government or visiting dignitaries from other countries.", "Official state car __knowledge__ A few countries bring their own official state car for state visits to other countries, for instance, the United States, Russia and the United Kingdom.", "Official state car __knowledge__ It also may serve as an automotive symbol of the head of state and their country.", "Official state car __knowledge__ Part of the criteria for an official state car is to have adequate security, capability and stateliness for its duty.", "Sinclair C5 __knowledge__ The Sinclair C5 is a small one-person battery electric vehicle, technically an \"electrically assisted pedal cycle\".", "Sinclair C5 __knowledge__ It was the culmination of Sir Clive Sinclair's long-running interest in electric vehicles.", "Sinclair C5 __knowledge__ Although widely described as an \"electric car\", Sinclair characterised it as a \"vehicle, not a car\".", "Sinclair C5 __knowledge__ Sinclair had become one of the UK's best-known millionaires, and earned a knighthood, on the back of the highly successful Sinclair Research range of home computers in the early 1980s.", "Sinclair C5 __knowledge__ He hoped to repeat his success in the electric vehicle market, which he saw as ripe for a new approach.", "Sinclair C5 __knowledge__ The C5 emerged from an earlier project to produce a small electric car called the C1.", "Sport utility vehicle __knowledge__ Sport-utility (vehicle), SUV or sport-ute is an automotive classification, typically a kind of station wagon / estate car with off-road vehicle features like raised ground clearance and ruggedness, and available four-wheel drive.", "Sport utility vehicle __knowledge__ Many SUVs are built on a light-truck chassis but operated as a family vehicle, and though designed to be used on rougher surfaces, most often used on city streets or highways.", "Sport utility vehicle __knowledge__ In recent years, in some countries the term SUV has replaced terms like \"Jeep\" or \"Land-Rover\" in the popular lexicon as a generic description for light 4WD vehicles.", "Sport utility vehicle __knowledge__ Many SUVs have an upright built body and tall interior packaging, a high seating position and center of gravity, and available all-wheel drive for off-road capability.", "Plug-in electric vehicle __knowledge__ A plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) is any motor vehicle that can be recharged from an external source of electricity, such as wall sockets, and the electricity stored in the rechargeable battery packs drives or contributes to drive the wheels.", "Plug-in electric vehicle __knowledge__ PEV is a subset of electric vehicles that includes all-electric or battery electric vehicles (BEVs), plug-in hybrid vehicles (PHEVs), and electric vehicle conversions of hybrid electric vehicles and conventional internal combustion engine vehicles.", "Plug-in electric vehicle __knowledge__ In China, plug-in electric vehicles are called new energy vehicles (NEVs).", "Plug-in electric vehicle __knowledge__ Plug-in cars have several benefits compared to conventional internal combustion engine vehicles.", "Fábrica Nacional de Motores __knowledge__ Fábrica Nacional de Motores (FNM) was a Brazilian manufacturer of engines and motor vehicles based in the Xerém district of Duque de Caxias near Rio de Janeiro that operated between 1942 and 1988.", "Fábrica Nacional de Motores __knowledge__ The company was created 1942 by the Brazilian state as part of the Estado Novo agenda of President Getúlio Dornelles Vargas.", "Fábrica Nacional de Motores __knowledge__ It was one of several business launched by the state during this period (including also Companhia Siderúrgica Nacional launched in 1941 and CHESF in the later 1940s) to kick start an industrial sector in Brazil.", "Fábrica Nacional de Motores __knowledge__ Initially the company produced American Curtiss-Wright aircraft engines under license along with ammunition, bicycles, spindles and refrigerators. After the Second World War it was decided to diversify production.", "Lexus __knowledge__ Lexus originated from a corporate project to develop a new premium sedan, code-named F1, which began in 1983 and culminated in the launch of the Lexus LS in 1989.", "Lexus __knowledge__ Subsequently, the division added sedan, coupé, convertible and SUV models.", "Lexus __knowledge__ Lexus did not exist as a brand in its home market until 2005, and all vehicles marketed internationally as Lexus from 1989 to 2005 were released in Japan under the Toyota marque and an equivalent model name.", "Lexus __knowledge__ In 2005, a hybrid version of the RX crossover debuted and additional hybrid models later joined the division's lineup.", "Lexus __knowledge__ Lexus launched its own F marque performance division in 2007 with the debut of the IS F sport sedan, followed by the LFA supercar in 2009.", "Acura RL __knowledge__ The Acura RL is a full-size luxury sedan that was manufactured by the Acura division of Honda for the 1996–2012 model years over two generations.", "Acura RL __knowledge__ The RL was the flagship of the marque, having succeeded the Acura Legend, and was replaced in 2013 by the Acura RLX.", "Acura RL __knowledge__ All models of the Legend, RL and RLX lines have been adapted from the Japanese domestic market Honda Legend.", "Acura RL __knowledge__ The model name \"RL\" is an abbreviation for \"Refined Luxury.\"", "Acura RL __knowledge__ The first-generation Acura RL was a rebadged version of the third-generation Honda Legend, and was first introduced to the North American market in 1996, to replace the second-generation Acura Legend.", "Luxury vehicle __knowledge__ Luxury vehicle is a marketing term for a vehicle that provides luxury — pleasant or desirable features beyond strict necessity — at increased expense.", "Luxury vehicle __knowledge__ The term suggests a vehicle with higher quality equipment, better performance, more precise construction, comfort, higher design, technologically innovative modern, or features that convey an image, brand, status, or prestige, or any other 'discretionary' feature or combination of them.", "Luxury vehicle __knowledge__ The term is also broad, highly variable and relative.", "Luxury vehicle __knowledge__ It is a perceptual, conditional and subjective attribute that may be comprehended differently by different people; \"What is a luxury car to some... may be 'ordinary' to others.\"", "Acura TL __knowledge__ The Acura TL is a mid-size luxury car that was manufactured by Acura.", "Acura TL __knowledge__ It was introduced in 1995 to replace the Acura Vigor and was badged for the Japanese-market from 1996 to 2000 as the Honda Inspire and from 1996 to 2004 as the Honda Saber.", "Acura TL __knowledge__ The TL was Acura's best-selling model until it was outsold by the MDX in 2007.", "Acura TL __knowledge__ While it once ranked as the second best-selling luxury sedan in the United States behind the BMW 3 Series, sales have decreased by over 50% since then.", "Acura TL __knowledge__ TL sales have been negatively affected by both the recession as well as negative publicity due to styling issues in the latest generation.", "Acura Legend __knowledge__ The Acura Legend is a luxury car manufactured by Honda.", "Acura Legend __knowledge__ It was sold in the U.S., Canada, and parts of China under Honda's luxury brand, Acura, from 1985 to 1995, as both a sedan, which was classified as a full-size car, and a coupe, which was classified as a mid-size car.", "Acura Legend __knowledge__ It was the first flagship sedan sold under the Acura nameplate, until being renamed in 1996 as the Acura 3.5RL.", "Acura Legend __knowledge__ The 3.5RL was the North American version of the KA9 series Honda Legend.", "Acura Legend __knowledge__ The opportunity for Japanese manufacturers to export more expensive models had arisen with the 1980s voluntary export restraints, negotiated by the Japanese government and U.S. trade representatives, restricting mainstream car sales.", "Compact executive car __knowledge__ A compact executive car is a premium car smaller than an executive car.", "Compact executive car __knowledge__ In European classification, compact executive cars are part of the D-segment.", "Compact executive car __knowledge__ In North American terms, close equivalents are \"compact premium car\", \"compact luxury car\", \"entry-level luxury car\" and \"near-luxury car\".", "Compact executive car __knowledge__ Compact executive cars are usually available in saloon, estate, coupé, and cabriolet body styles.", "Compact executive car __knowledge__ Most entry-level luxury cars are part of D-segment, but some cars like the Lincoln MKZ, Buick LaCrosse, Hyundai Azera, Acura TL and Toyota Avalon are part of E and F-segments despite the prices of D-segment premium and V6 mid-size cars." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 5, 7 ]

[ "The Japanese luxury vehicle made by Honda? Yeah man, I love them. My brother has one. How about out?", "Yes I agree. Since the brand came out in 1986, it's been on my radar as a vehicle that's consistently makes a luxurious, and high performance car. Do you think you'll buy one?", "Acura was the first luxury brand from Japan. They really set themselves apart in style and comfort. I feel so cool being in one. ", "That's good. Since they were fist introduced to market they were best selling luxury cars for a few years. I'd love to get my hands on one of the older classics. " ]

[ "Acura", "Acura", "Acura", "Acura" ]

[ "Ice hockey\nI like to watch ice hockey on TV. My favorite team is the Chicago Blackhawks.", "Yeah they are great. Toews and Patrick Kane are my favorite players. Too bad they didn't do so great in the playoffs the last year.", "He is team captain. One of the best centres in the NHL. Phenomenal player!", "Yeah I always wanted to go there. I have only been to Chicago once but it was not during hockey season..." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is a contact team sport played on ice, usually in a rink, in which two teams of skaters use their sticks to shoot a vulcanized rubber puck into their opponent's net to score points.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The sport is known to be fast-paced and physical, with teams usually consisting of six players each: one goaltender, and five players who skate up and down the ice trying to take the puck and score a goal against the opposing team.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is most popular in Canada, central and eastern Europe, Scandinavia, Russia and the United States.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is the official national winter sport of Canada, and enjoys immense popularity; alongside Canada, ice hockey is the most popular winter sport in Belarus, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Finland, Latvia, Russia, Slovakia, Sweden, and Switzerland.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ North America's National Hockey League (NHL) is the highest level for men's ice hockey and the strongest professional ice hockey league in the world.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The Kontinental Hockey League (KHL) is the highest league in Russia and much of Eastern Europe.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) is the formal governing body for international ice hockey, with the IIHF managing international tournaments and maintaining the IIHF World Ranking.", "Chicago Blackhawks __knowledge__ The Chicago Blackhawks (spelled Black Hawks until 1986, and known colloquially as the Hawks) are a professional ice hockey team based in Chicago, Illinois.", "Chicago Blackhawks __knowledge__ They are members of the Central Division of the Western Conference of the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Chicago Blackhawks __knowledge__ They have won six Stanley Cup championships since their founding in 1926.", "Chicago Blackhawks __knowledge__ The Blackhawks are one of the \"Original Six\" NHL teams along with the Detroit Red Wings, Montreal Canadiens, Toronto Maple Leafs, Boston Bruins and New York Rangers.", "Chicago Blackhawks __knowledge__ Since , the club's home rink is the United Center.", "Chicago Blackhawks __knowledge__ The club had previously played for 65 years at Chicago Stadium.", "Ice hockey in popular culture __knowledge__ Ice hockey, partially because of its popularity as a major professional sport, has been a source of inspiration for numerous films, television episodes and songs in North American popular culture.", "Ice hockey in popular culture __knowledge__ A number of notable Hollywood films have been made about hockey.", "Ice hockey in popular culture __knowledge__ Notable hockey films include \"Slap Shot\"; \"The Mighty Ducks\", successful enough to spawn two sequels, a cartoon series, and an NHL team named the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim (now the Anaheim Ducks); and \"Miracle\".", "Ice hockey in popular culture __knowledge__ The first two are fictional comedies; the last is a drama based on the true story of the 1980 \"Miracle on Ice\" USA Olympic gold medal team.", "Jeremy Roenick __knowledge__ Jeremy Shaffer \"J. R.\" Roenick (; born January 17, 1970) is an American former professional ice hockey player who played the majority of his career in the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Jeremy Roenick __knowledge__ He played for the Chicago Blackhawks, Phoenix Coyotes, Philadelphia Flyers, Los Angeles Kings and San Jose Sharks over the course of his 18 NHL season career and represented Team USA in numerous international tournaments.", "Jeremy Roenick __knowledge__ On November 10, 2007, he became the third American-born player (Joe Mullen and Mike Modano were the first two) to score 500 goals.", "Jeremy Roenick __knowledge__ Roenick began playing hockey at the age of four when the parents of a playmate persuaded Roenick's parents to put Jeremy in a hockey program so that their child would be with someone he knew.", "Patrick Kane __knowledge__ Patrick Timothy Kane II (born November 19, 1988), is an American professional ice hockey right winger for the Chicago Blackhawks of the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Patrick Kane __knowledge__ The Blackhawks selected him with the first overall pick in the 2007 NHL Entry Draft.", "Patrick Kane __knowledge__ Kane also represented the United States at the 2010 and 2014 Winter Olympics.", "Patrick Kane __knowledge__ Kane has won three Stanley Cups as a member of the Blackhawks, in 2010, 2013 and 2015, winning the Conn Smythe Trophy as the most valuable player of the playoffs in 2013.", "Patrick Kane __knowledge__ Kane won the Hart Memorial Trophy as Most Valuable Player and Art Ross Trophy as scoring champion in the 2015–16 NHL season.", "Marián Hossa __knowledge__ Marián Hossa (; born 12 January 1979) is a Slovak professional ice hockey right winger currently playing for the Chicago Blackhawks of the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Marián Hossa __knowledge__ Hossa was drafted by the Ottawa Senators in the first round, 12th overall, of the 1997 NHL Entry Draft.", "Marián Hossa __knowledge__ After spending his first seven NHL seasons with the Senators, he has played for the Atlanta Thrashers, Pittsburgh Penguins, Detroit Red Wings and his current team, the Chicago Blackhawks.", "Marián Hossa __knowledge__ Over the course of his career, he has made five NHL All-Star Game appearances and played in three consecutive Stanley Cup Finals with three different teams, finally winning the Stanley Cup in 2009–10 with the third team, the Chicago Blackhawks.", "Chris Chelios __knowledge__ Christos Kostas \"Chris\" Chelios (born January 25, 1962) is a retired American professional ice hockey defenseman.", "Chris Chelios __knowledge__ He was one of the longest tenured players in the National Hockey League, and is a three-time Stanley Cup champion - one with the Montreal Canadiens and two with the Detroit Red Wings.", "Chris Chelios __knowledge__ On January 27, 2017, in a ceremony during the All-Star Weekend in Los Angeles, Chelios became part of the second group of players to be named one of the '100 Greatest NHL Players' in history.", "Chris Chelios __knowledge__ Chelios played for the Montreal Canadiens, Chicago Blackhawks, Detroit Red Wings, and briefly for the Atlanta Thrashers.", "National Hockey League rivalries __knowledge__ Rivalries in the National Hockey League have occurred between many teams and cities.", "National Hockey League rivalries __knowledge__ Rivalries have arisen for many different reasons, the primary ones including geographic proximity, familiarity with opponents, on-ice incidents, and cultural, linguistic, or national pride.", "National Hockey League rivalries __knowledge__ The importance of these various factors has varied widely throughout the history of the league.", "National Hockey League rivalries __knowledge__ During the earliest days of the NHL, the league was limited strictly to Central Canada, and all cities in the league were in close proximity, making for bitter rivalries all around.", "National Hockey League rivalries __knowledge__ In addition, Montreal had two teams representing its English-French divide." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is a contact team sport played on ice, usually in a rink, in which two teams of skaters use their sticks to shoot a vulcanized rubber puck into their opponent's net to score points.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The sport is known to be fast-paced and physical, with teams usually consisting of six players each: one goaltender, and five players who skate up and down the ice trying to take the puck and score a goal against the opposing team.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is most popular in Canada, central and eastern Europe, Scandinavia, Russia and the United States.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is the official national winter sport of Canada, and enjoys immense popularity; alongside Canada, ice hockey is the most popular winter sport in Belarus, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Finland, Latvia, Russia, Slovakia, Sweden, and Switzerland.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ North America's National Hockey League (NHL) is the highest level for men's ice hockey and the strongest professional ice hockey league in the world.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The Kontinental Hockey League (KHL) is the highest league in Russia and much of Eastern Europe.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) is the formal governing body for international ice hockey, with the IIHF managing international tournaments and maintaining the IIHF World Ranking.", "Jonathan Toews __knowledge__ Jonathan Bryan Toews, ( ; born April 29, 1988) is a Canadian professional ice hockey centre who currently serves as captain of the Chicago Blackhawks of the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Jonathan Toews __knowledge__ Toews was selected by the Blackhawks with the third overall pick in the 2006 NHL Entry Draft.", "Jonathan Toews __knowledge__ He joined the team in 2007–08 and was nominated for the Calder Memorial Trophy as NHL Rookie of the Year.", "Jonathan Toews __knowledge__ The following season he was named team captain, becoming the second-youngest captain in NHL history (after Sidney Crosby) at the time.", "Jonathan Toews __knowledge__ Toews won the Stanley Cup in 2010, along with the Conn Smythe Trophy for the playoff MVP.", "Chicago Blackhawks __knowledge__ The Chicago Blackhawks (spelled Black Hawks until 1986, and known colloquially as the Hawks) are a professional ice hockey team based in Chicago, Illinois.", "Chicago Blackhawks __knowledge__ They are members of the Central Division of the Western Conference of the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Chicago Blackhawks __knowledge__ They have won six Stanley Cup championships since their founding in 1926.", "Chicago Blackhawks __knowledge__ The Blackhawks are one of the \"Original Six\" NHL teams along with the Detroit Red Wings, Montreal Canadiens, Toronto Maple Leafs, Boston Bruins and New York Rangers.", "Chicago Blackhawks __knowledge__ Since , the club's home rink is the United Center.", "Chicago Blackhawks __knowledge__ The club had previously played for 65 years at Chicago Stadium.", "Patrick Kane __knowledge__ Patrick Timothy Kane II (born November 19, 1988), is an American professional ice hockey right winger for the Chicago Blackhawks of the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Patrick Kane __knowledge__ The Blackhawks selected him with the first overall pick in the 2007 NHL Entry Draft.", "Patrick Kane __knowledge__ Kane also represented the United States at the 2010 and 2014 Winter Olympics.", "Patrick Kane __knowledge__ Kane has won three Stanley Cups as a member of the Blackhawks, in 2010, 2013 and 2015, winning the Conn Smythe Trophy as the most valuable player of the playoffs in 2013.", "Patrick Kane __knowledge__ Kane won the Hart Memorial Trophy as Most Valuable Player and Art Ross Trophy as scoring champion in the 2015–16 NHL season.", "2014 Stanley Cup playoffs __knowledge__ The 2014 Stanley Cup playoffs of the National Hockey League (NHL) began on April 16, 2014 and ended June 13, 2014 when the Los Angeles Kings defeated the New York Rangers four games to one in the Stanley Cup Final.", "2014 Stanley Cup playoffs __knowledge__ For the first time since 1973, only one Canadian team qualified for the playoffs: the Montreal Canadiens.", "2014 Stanley Cup playoffs __knowledge__ This was also the first time since the 1978 Stanley Cup playoffs that no playoff games were played in Western Canada.", "2014 Stanley Cup playoffs __knowledge__ The Detroit Red Wings increased their consecutive playoff appearance streak to 23 seasons, the longest streak at the time and the fifth longest streak in NHL history.", "2010 Stanley Cup Finals __knowledge__ The 2010 Stanley Cup Finals was the championship series of the National Hockey League's (NHL) 2009–10 season, and the culmination of the 2010 Stanley Cup playoffs.", "2010 Stanley Cup Finals __knowledge__ It was contested between the Western Conference champion Chicago Blackhawks and the Eastern Conference champion Philadelphia Flyers.", "2010 Stanley Cup Finals __knowledge__ It was Chicago's eleventh appearance in the Final and their first since , a loss to the Pittsburgh Penguins.", "2010 Stanley Cup Finals __knowledge__ It was Philadelphia's eighth appearance in the Final and their first since , a loss to the Detroit Red Wings.", "2010 Stanley Cup Finals __knowledge__ Chicago defeated Philadelphia four games to two to win their fourth Stanley Cup in franchise history.", "2013 Stanley Cup Finals __knowledge__ The 2013 Stanley Cup Finals was the championship series of the National Hockey League's (NHL) season, and the conclusion of the 2013 Stanley Cup playoffs.", "2013 Stanley Cup Finals __knowledge__ The Western Conference playoff champion Chicago Blackhawks defeated the Eastern Conference playoff champion Boston Bruins in six games to win their fifth Stanley Cup in team history.", "2013 Stanley Cup Finals __knowledge__ The Blackhawks also became just the eighth team to win both the Cup and the Presidents' Trophy (as the team with the best regular season record) in the same season.", "2013 Stanley Cup Finals __knowledge__ Chicago's Patrick Kane was awarded the Conn Smythe Trophy as the Most Valuable Player of the playoffs.", "Vic Toews __knowledge__ Victor \"Vic\" Toews, (; born September 10, 1952) is a Canadian jurist and former politician.", "Vic Toews __knowledge__ Toews is a judge of the Court of Queen's Bench of Manitoba.", "Vic Toews __knowledge__ He represented Provencher in the Canadian House of Commons from 2000 until his resignation on July 9, 2013, and served in the cabinet of Prime Minister Stephen Harper, most recently as Minister of Public Safety.", "Vic Toews __knowledge__ He previously served in the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba from 1995 to 1999, and was a senior cabinet minister in the government of Gary Filmon.", "Vic Toews __knowledge__ Prior to his appointment to the judiciary, Toews was a member of the Conservative Party of Canada.", "National Hockey League rivalries __knowledge__ Rivalries in the National Hockey League have occurred between many teams and cities.", "National Hockey League rivalries __knowledge__ Rivalries have arisen for many different reasons, the primary ones including geographic proximity, familiarity with opponents, on-ice incidents, and cultural, linguistic, or national pride.", "National Hockey League rivalries __knowledge__ The importance of these various factors has varied widely throughout the history of the league.", "National Hockey League rivalries __knowledge__ During the earliest days of the NHL, the league was limited strictly to Central Canada, and all cities in the league were in close proximity, making for bitter rivalries all around.", "National Hockey League rivalries __knowledge__ In addition, Montreal had two teams representing its English-French divide.", "National Hockey League __knowledge__ The National Hockey League (NHL; ) is a professional ice hockey league in North America, currently comprising 31 teams: 24 in the United States and 7 in Canada.", "National Hockey League __knowledge__ The NHL is considered to be the premier professional ice hockey league in the world, and one of the major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada.", "National Hockey League __knowledge__ The Stanley Cup, the oldest professional sports trophy in North America, is awarded annually to the league playoff champion at the end of each season.", "National Hockey League __knowledge__ The National Hockey League was organized on November 26, 1917, in Montreal after the suspension of operations of its predecessor organization, the National Hockey Association (NHA), which had been founded in 1909 in Renfrew, Ontario.", "Detroit Red Wings __knowledge__ The Detroit Red Wings are a professional ice hockey team based in Detroit.", "Detroit Red Wings __knowledge__ They are members of the Atlantic Division in the Eastern Conference of the National Hockey League (NHL) and are one of the Original Six teams of the league.", "Detroit Red Wings __knowledge__ Founded in 1926, the team was known as the Detroit Cougars from then until 1930.", "Detroit Red Wings __knowledge__ For the 1930–31 and 1931–32 seasons the team was called the Detroit Falcons, and in 1932 changed their name to the Red Wings.", "Detroit Red Wings __knowledge__ , the Red Wings have won the most Stanley Cup championships of any NHL franchise based in the United States (11) and are third overall in total Stanley Cup championships, behind the Montreal Canadiens (24) and Toronto Maple Leafs (13).", "History of the Los Angeles Kings __knowledge__ The history of the Los Angeles Kings of the National Hockey League begins in 1966, as the league prepared a major expansion for the upcoming season, and awarded a new team to Los Angeles-based entrepreneur Jack Kent Cooke, who also owned the Los Angeles Lakers.", "History of the Los Angeles Kings __knowledge__ While the Kings awaited construction to be completed on their future home, The Forum in Inglewood, California, they played their first two games during their inaugural 1967–68 season at the Long Beach Arena.", "History of the Los Angeles Kings __knowledge__ The first game in Kings history was played on Oct. 14, 1967 and the Kings defeated the fellow expansion Philadelphia Flyers 4-2 in front of 7,023.", "Stanley Cup __knowledge__ The Stanley Cup () is the championship trophy awarded annually to the National Hockey League (NHL) playoff winner.", "Stanley Cup __knowledge__ It is the oldest existing trophy to be awarded to a professional sports franchise, and the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) considers it to be one of the \"most important championships available to the sport\".", "Stanley Cup __knowledge__ Originally commissioned in 1892 as the \"Dominion Hockey Challenge Cup\", the trophy is named after Lord Stanley of Preston, then–Governor General of Canada, who donated it as an award to Canada's top-ranking amateur ice hockey club, which the entire Stanley family supported, with the sons and daughters playing and promoting the game.", "Ottawa Senators (original) __knowledge__ The Ottawa Senators were an ice hockey team based in Ottawa, Canada which existed from 1883 to 1954.", "Ottawa Senators (original) __knowledge__ The club was the first hockey club in Ontario, a founding member of the National Hockey League (NHL) and played in the NHL from 1917 until 1934.", "Ottawa Senators (original) __knowledge__ The club, which was officially the Ottawa Hockey Club (Ottawa HC), was known by several nicknames, including the \"Generals\" in the 1890s, the \"Silver Seven\" from 1903 to 1907 and the \"Senators\" dating from 1908.", "Ottawa Senators (original) __knowledge__ Generally acknowledged by hockey historians as one of the greatest teams of the early days of the sport, the club won numerous championships, starting with the 1891 to 1893 Ontario championships." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is a contact team sport played on ice, usually in a rink, in which two teams of skaters use their sticks to shoot a vulcanized rubber puck into their opponent's net to score points.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The sport is known to be fast-paced and physical, with teams usually consisting of six players each: one goaltender, and five players who skate up and down the ice trying to take the puck and score a goal against the opposing team.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is most popular in Canada, central and eastern Europe, Scandinavia, Russia and the United States.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is the official national winter sport of Canada, and enjoys immense popularity; alongside Canada, ice hockey is the most popular winter sport in Belarus, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Finland, Latvia, Russia, Slovakia, Sweden, and Switzerland.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ North America's National Hockey League (NHL) is the highest level for men's ice hockey and the strongest professional ice hockey league in the world.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The Kontinental Hockey League (KHL) is the highest league in Russia and much of Eastern Europe.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) is the formal governing body for international ice hockey, with the IIHF managing international tournaments and maintaining the IIHF World Ranking.", "Wayne Gretzky __knowledge__ Wayne Douglas Gretzky (; born January 26, 1961) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player and former head coach.", "Wayne Gretzky __knowledge__ He played twenty seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL) for four teams from 1979 to 1999.", "Wayne Gretzky __knowledge__ Nicknamed \"The Great One\", he has been called \"the greatest hockey player ever\" by many sportswriters, players, and the league itself.", "Wayne Gretzky __knowledge__ Gretzky is the leading scorer in NHL history, with more goals and assists than any other player.", "Wayne Gretzky __knowledge__ He garnered more assists than any other player scored total points, and is the only NHL player to total over 200 points in one season – a feat he accomplished four times.", "New York Islanders __knowledge__ The New York Islanders are a professional ice hockey team based in New York City.", "New York Islanders __knowledge__ They are members of the Metropolitan Division of the Eastern Conference of the National Hockey League (NHL).", "New York Islanders __knowledge__ The team plays its home games at Barclays Center in the borough of Brooklyn.", "New York Islanders __knowledge__ The Islanders are one of three NHL franchises in the New York metropolitan area, along with the New Jersey Devils and New York Rangers, and their fan base resides primarily on Long Island.", "New York Islanders __knowledge__ The team was founded in 1972 as part of the NHL's maneuvers to keep a team from rival league World Hockey Association (WHA) out of the newly built Nassau Veterans Memorial Coliseum in suburban Uniondale, New York.", "Philadelphia Flyers __knowledge__ The Philadelphia Flyers are a professional ice hockey team based in Philadelphia.", "Philadelphia Flyers __knowledge__ They are members of the Metropolitan Division of the Eastern Conference of the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Philadelphia Flyers __knowledge__ Part of the 1967 NHL Expansion, the Flyers were the first expansion team in the post–Original Six era to win the Stanley Cup, victorious in 1973–74 and again in 1974–75.", "Philadelphia Flyers __knowledge__ The team's logo is one of the most iconic and recognizable in all of sports.", "Philadelphia Flyers __knowledge__ The Flyers' all-time points percentage of 57.6% () is the second-best in the NHL, behind only the Montreal Canadiens' 59.0%.", "Philadelphia Flyers __knowledge__ Additionally, the Flyers have the most appearances in the conference finals of all 24 expansion teams (16 appearances, winning 8), and they are second behind the St. Louis Blues for the most playoff appearances out of all expansion teams (38 out of 49 seasons).", "Sidney Crosby __knowledge__ Sidney Patrick Crosby, (born August 7, 1987) is a Canadian professional ice hockey player, who serves as captain of the Pittsburgh Penguins of the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Sidney Crosby __knowledge__ After an exceptional minor and junior career, Crosby was one of the most highly regarded draft picks in hockey history, leading many to refer to the 2005 Draft Lottery as the \"Sidney Crosby Sweepstakes\".", "Sidney Crosby __knowledge__ Nicknamed \"Sid the Kid\" and \"The Next One\", he was selected first overall by the Penguins.", "Sidney Crosby __knowledge__ In his first NHL season, Crosby recorded 102 points and was a runner-up for the Calder Memorial Trophy.", "Sidney Crosby __knowledge__ By his second season, he led the NHL with 120 points to capture the Art Ross Trophy, becoming the youngest player and the only teenager to win a scoring title in any major North American sports league.", "Polywell __knowledge__ The polywell is a type of nuclear fusion reactor that uses an electric field to heat ions to fusion conditions.", "Polywell __knowledge__ It is closely related to the fusor, the high beta fusion reactor, the magnetic mirror, and the biconic cusp.", "Polywell __knowledge__ A set of electromagnets generates a magnetic field that traps electrons.", "Polywell __knowledge__ This creates a negative voltage, which attracts positive ions.", "Polywell __knowledge__ As the ions accelerate towards the negative center, their kinetic energy rises.", "Polywell __knowledge__ Ions that collide at high enough energies can fuse.", "Polywell __knowledge__ The polywell is one of many devices that use an electric field to heat ions to fusion conditions.", "Polywell __knowledge__ This branch of fusion research is known as inertial electrostatic confinement.", "Edmonton Oilers __knowledge__ The Edmonton Oilers are a professional ice hockey team based in Edmonton, Alberta.", "Edmonton Oilers __knowledge__ They are members of the Pacific Division of the Western Conference of the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Edmonton Oilers __knowledge__ The Oilers were founded on November 1, 1971, with the team playing its first season in 1972, as one of the twelve founding franchises of the major professional World Hockey Association (WHA).", "Edmonton Oilers __knowledge__ They were originally intended to be one of two WHA teams in Alberta (the other one being the Calgary Broncos).", "Edmonton Oilers __knowledge__ However, when the Broncos relocated to Cleveland, Ohio, before the WHA's first season began, the Oilers were renamed the Alberta Oilers.", "Paul Kariya __knowledge__ Paul Tetsuhiko Kariya (born October 16, 1974) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey winger who played 15 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Paul Kariya __knowledge__ Known as a skilled and fast-skating offensive player, he played in the NHL for the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim, Colorado Avalanche, Nashville Predators and St. Louis Blues.", "Paul Kariya __knowledge__ After a two-year career with the Penticton Panthers, in which he was named Canadian Junior A Player of the Year in 1992, Kariya joined the college ranks with the University of Maine's Black Bears men's ice hockey team.", "Paul Kariya __knowledge__ In his freshman year, he received the Hobey Baker Award while leading his team to the 1993 NCAA title.", "Jonathan Toews __knowledge__ Jonathan Bryan Toews, ( ; born April 29, 1988) is a Canadian professional ice hockey centre who currently serves as captain of the Chicago Blackhawks of the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Jonathan Toews __knowledge__ Toews was selected by the Blackhawks with the third overall pick in the 2006 NHL Entry Draft.", "Jonathan Toews __knowledge__ He joined the team in 2007–08 and was nominated for the Calder Memorial Trophy as NHL Rookie of the Year.", "Jonathan Toews __knowledge__ The following season he was named team captain, becoming the second-youngest captain in NHL history (after Sidney Crosby) at the time.", "Jonathan Toews __knowledge__ Toews won the Stanley Cup in 2010, along with the Conn Smythe Trophy for the playoff MVP.", "Chicago Blackhawks __knowledge__ The Chicago Blackhawks (spelled Black Hawks until 1986, and known colloquially as the Hawks) are a professional ice hockey team based in Chicago, Illinois.", "Chicago Blackhawks __knowledge__ They are members of the Central Division of the Western Conference of the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Chicago Blackhawks __knowledge__ They have won six Stanley Cup championships since their founding in 1926.", "Chicago Blackhawks __knowledge__ The Blackhawks are one of the \"Original Six\" NHL teams along with the Detroit Red Wings, Montreal Canadiens, Toronto Maple Leafs, Boston Bruins and New York Rangers.", "Chicago Blackhawks __knowledge__ Since , the club's home rink is the United Center.", "Chicago Blackhawks __knowledge__ The club had previously played for 65 years at Chicago Stadium.", "2000s in sports __knowledge__ Five Olympic Games were held in this decade 2000 XXVII Summer Olympics - Sydney, Australia (most gold medal wins USA) 2002 XIX Winter Olympics - Salt Lake City, USA (most gold medal wins Norway) 2004 XXVIII Summer Olympics - Athens, Greece (most gold medal wins USA) 2006 XX Winter Olympics - Turin, Italy (most gold medal wins Germany) 2008 XXIX Summer Olympics - Beijing, China (most gold medal wins China) USA basketball teams dominated this era, especially in the Olympics.", "2000s in sports __knowledge__ However USA female basketball teams were better than men scoring all golds on Olympic events during this time(Sydney, Athens, Beijing).", "Pittsburgh Penguins __knowledge__ The Pittsburgh Penguins are a professional ice hockey team based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.", "Pittsburgh Penguins __knowledge__ They are members of the Metropolitan Division of the Eastern Conference of the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Pittsburgh Penguins __knowledge__ The franchise was founded in 1967 as one of the first expansion teams during the league's original expansion from six to twelve teams.", "Pittsburgh Penguins __knowledge__ The Penguins played in the Civic Arena, also known to Pittsburgh fans as \"The Igloo\", from the time of their inception through the end of the 2009–10 season.", "Pittsburgh Penguins __knowledge__ They moved into their new arena, PPG Paints Arena, to begin the 2010–11 season.", "Pittsburgh Penguins __knowledge__ They have qualified for six Stanley Cup Finals, winning the Stanley Cup five times – in 1991, 1992, 2009, 2016, and 2017.", "Vic Toews __knowledge__ Victor \"Vic\" Toews, (; born September 10, 1952) is a Canadian jurist and former politician.", "Vic Toews __knowledge__ Toews is a judge of the Court of Queen's Bench of Manitoba.", "Vic Toews __knowledge__ He represented Provencher in the Canadian House of Commons from 2000 until his resignation on July 9, 2013, and served in the cabinet of Prime Minister Stephen Harper, most recently as Minister of Public Safety.", "Vic Toews __knowledge__ He previously served in the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba from 1995 to 1999, and was a senior cabinet minister in the government of Gary Filmon.", "Vic Toews __knowledge__ Prior to his appointment to the judiciary, Toews was a member of the Conservative Party of Canada.", "History of the Ottawa Senators (1992–) __knowledge__ Founded and established by Ottawa real estate developer Bruce Firestone, the Ottawa Senators are the second National Hockey League (NHL) franchise to have the Ottawa Senators name.", "History of the Ottawa Senators (1992–) __knowledge__ The original Ottawa Senators, founded in 1883, had a famed history, winning 11 Stanley Cups and played in the NHL from 1917 until 1934.", "History of the Ottawa Senators (1992–) __knowledge__ On December 6, 1990, after a two-year public campaign by Firestone to return the NHL to Ottawa, the NHL awarded a new franchise, which began play in the 1992–93 season.", "History of the Ottawa Senators (1992–) __knowledge__ The club has seen its share of struggles, both on and off the ice.", "History of the Ottawa Senators (1992–) __knowledge__ The team has had two changes of ownership, from Firestone to Rod Bryden in 1993 due to the arena development process and its financing, and subsequently to Eugene Melnyk after the team filed for bankruptcy in 2003." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is a contact team sport played on ice, usually in a rink, in which two teams of skaters use their sticks to shoot a vulcanized rubber puck into their opponent's net to score points.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The sport is known to be fast-paced and physical, with teams usually consisting of six players each: one goaltender, and five players who skate up and down the ice trying to take the puck and score a goal against the opposing team.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is most popular in Canada, central and eastern Europe, Scandinavia, Russia and the United States.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is the official national winter sport of Canada, and enjoys immense popularity; alongside Canada, ice hockey is the most popular winter sport in Belarus, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Finland, Latvia, Russia, Slovakia, Sweden, and Switzerland.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ North America's National Hockey League (NHL) is the highest level for men's ice hockey and the strongest professional ice hockey league in the world.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The Kontinental Hockey League (KHL) is the highest league in Russia and much of Eastern Europe.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) is the formal governing body for international ice hockey, with the IIHF managing international tournaments and maintaining the IIHF World Ranking.", "Ottawa Senators (original) __knowledge__ The Ottawa Senators were an ice hockey team based in Ottawa, Canada which existed from 1883 to 1954.", "Ottawa Senators (original) __knowledge__ The club was the first hockey club in Ontario, a founding member of the National Hockey League (NHL) and played in the NHL from 1917 until 1934.", "Ottawa Senators (original) __knowledge__ The club, which was officially the Ottawa Hockey Club (Ottawa HC), was known by several nicknames, including the \"Generals\" in the 1890s, the \"Silver Seven\" from 1903 to 1907 and the \"Senators\" dating from 1908.", "Ottawa Senators (original) __knowledge__ Generally acknowledged by hockey historians as one of the greatest teams of the early days of the sport, the club won numerous championships, starting with the 1891 to 1893 Ontario championships.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Dennis Michael Miller (born November 3, 1953) is an American stand-up comedian, talk show host, political commentator, sports commentator, actor, and television and radio personality.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He rose as a cast member of \"Saturday Night Live\" in 1985, and subsequently hosted a string of his own talk shows on HBO, CNBC, and in syndication.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ From 2007 to 2015, Miller hosted a daily, three-hour, self-titled talk radio program, nationally syndicated by Westwood One.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He is known for his critical assessments of current events, laced with pop culture references and delivered in an idiosyncratic verbal style.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Miller is listed as 21st on Comedy Central's 100 greatest stand up comedians of all time, and was ranked as the best host of SNL's \"Weekend Update\" by Vulture.com.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Hockey Night in Canada __knowledge__ Hockey Night in Canada (often abbreviated Hockey Night or HNIC) is a branding used for Canadian television presentations of the National Hockey League.", "Hockey Night in Canada __knowledge__ While the name has been used for all NHL broadcasts on CBC Television (regardless of the time of day), \"Hockey Night in Canada\" is primarily associated with its Saturday night NHL broadcasts, a practice originating from Saturday NHL broadcasts that began in 1931 on the CNR Radio network and continued on its successors, and debuting on television beginning in 1952.", "Hockey Night in Canada __knowledge__ Initially only airing a single game weekly, the modern incarnation airs a weekly double-header, with game times normally at 7:00 and 10:00 p.m. (ET).", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Sidney Crosby __knowledge__ Sidney Patrick Crosby, (born August 7, 1987) is a Canadian professional ice hockey player, who serves as captain of the Pittsburgh Penguins of the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Sidney Crosby __knowledge__ After an exceptional minor and junior career, Crosby was one of the most highly regarded draft picks in hockey history, leading many to refer to the 2005 Draft Lottery as the \"Sidney Crosby Sweepstakes\".", "Sidney Crosby __knowledge__ Nicknamed \"Sid the Kid\" and \"The Next One\", he was selected first overall by the Penguins.", "Sidney Crosby __knowledge__ In his first NHL season, Crosby recorded 102 points and was a runner-up for the Calder Memorial Trophy.", "Sidney Crosby __knowledge__ By his second season, he led the NHL with 120 points to capture the Art Ross Trophy, becoming the youngest player and the only teenager to win a scoring title in any major North American sports league.", "Victorian Ice Hockey Association __knowledge__ The Victorian Ice Hockey Association, currently trading as Ice Hockey Victoria is the governing body of ice hockey in Victoria, Australia.", "Victorian Ice Hockey Association __knowledge__ The Victorian Ice Hockey Association is a branch of Ice Hockey Australia.", "Victorian Ice Hockey Association __knowledge__ 12 September 1908 is the date of the formation of the first ice hockey association in Australia.", "Victorian Ice Hockey Association __knowledge__ The meeting at the Melbourne Glaciarium occurred directly after an evening ice hockey game between the Brighton Ice Hockey Club and the Melburnians, which resulted in a 2-2 tie.", "Victorian Ice Hockey Association __knowledge__ The meeting was for the purpose of organising a club for the following season and the following committee was appointed: Lorimer, Ward, Errol F. Woods, W. Purbrick and Andrew Lambert Reid.", "The Guild (web series) __knowledge__ The Guild is an American comedy web series created and written by Felicia Day, who also stars as Cyd Sherman (AKA Codex).", "The Guild (web series) __knowledge__ It premiered on YouTube on July 27, 2007 and ran until 2013.", "The Guild (web series) __knowledge__ The show revolves around the lives of a gamers' online guild, The Knights of Good, who play countless hours of a fantasy MMORPG video game referred to as \"The Game\".", "The Guild (web series) __knowledge__ The story focuses on Codex, the guild's Priestess, who attempts to lead a normal life after one of her guild-mates, Warlock Zaboo (Sandeep Parikh), shows up on her doorstep.", "The Guild (web series) __knowledge__ The first season premiered on YouTube in 2007.", "The Guild (web series) __knowledge__ Seasons two through five premiered on Microsoft's Xbox Live Marketplace, Zune Marketplace, and MSN Video.", "United Center __knowledge__ United Center is an indoor sports arena located in the Near West Side neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois.", "United Center __knowledge__ The United Center is home to both the Chicago Bulls of the National Basketball Association (NBA) and the Chicago Blackhawks of the National Hockey League (NHL).", "United Center __knowledge__ The arena is named after its city-based corporate sponsor, United Airlines.", "United Center __knowledge__ The plan to build the arena was created by then Blackhawks owner Bill Wirtz and Bulls owner Jerry Reinsdorf.", "United Center __knowledge__ The United Center's predecessor was the Chicago Stadium, the original \"Madhouse on Madison\", which was demolished after the new arena opened for business on August 18, 1994.", "Andrew Tink __knowledge__ Andrew Arnold Tink AM (born 13 July 1953) is a former Australian politician, having served as a member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly for the Liberal Party of Australia from 1988 to 2007.", "Andrew Tink __knowledge__ He was in the shadow cabinet from 1995 until March 2006.", "Andrew Tink __knowledge__ He has written two political biographies, a third book on the events and political consequences of a fatal plane crash and a fourth on Australian history, culture and society in the 20th century.", "Andrew Tink __knowledge__ Since leaving politics, Tink has been appointed a visiting fellow and adjunct professor at Macquarie University, as a trustee of the Historic Houses Trust of New South Wales (Sydney Living Museums) and President of the Library Council of New South Wales.", "Princess Knight __knowledge__ Princess Knight, also known as , is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Osamu Tezuka.", "Princess Knight __knowledge__ This manga follows the adventures of Princess Sapphire, a girl who pretends to be a male prince to prevent the evil Duke Duralumin from inheriting the throne of Silverland.", "Princess Knight __knowledge__ It was originally serialized in Kodansha's \"Shōjo Club\" from 1953 to 1956, later collected and released into two \"tankōbon\" volumes.", "Princess Knight __knowledge__ A television series was produced by Mushi Production, which aired on Japan's Fuji Television from 1967 to 1968.", "Princess Knight __knowledge__ \"Princess Knight\" also ran through three other serializations between 1958 and 1968, and has spawned many types of related merchandise.", "Secret of the Wings __knowledge__ Secret of the Wings, also known as Tinker Bell: Secret of the Wings, is a 2012 computer-animated fantasy film, and the fourth in the \"Disney Fairies\" franchise, produced by DisneyToon Studios.", "Secret of the Wings __knowledge__ It revolves around Tinker Bell, a fairy character created by J. M. Barrie in his play, \"Peter Pan, or The Boy Who Wouldn't Grow Up\", and featured in subsequent adaptations, especially in Disney's animated works, and how she ventures to the Winter Woods and meets her twin sister, Periwinkle, who is a frost fairy.", "Secret of the Wings __knowledge__ The film was directed by Peggy Holmes, and co-directed by Bobs Gannaway.", "Secret of the Wings __knowledge__ Starring the voices of Mae Whitman, Lucy Liu, Megan Hilty, Raven-Symoné and Angela Bartys, it also features new cast members who include Matt Lanter, Timothy Dalton, Lucy Hale and Debby Ryan, while Anjelica Huston narrates.", "Tinker Bell and the Great Fairy Rescue __knowledge__ Tinker Bell and the Great Fairy Rescue is a 2010 American computer-animated comedy adventure film and the third installment of the \"Disney Fairies\" franchise produced by DisneyToon Studios.", "Tinker Bell and the Great Fairy Rescue __knowledge__ and revolves around Tinker Bell, a fairy character created by J. M. Barrie in his play \"Peter Pan, or The Boy Who Wouldn't Grow Up\", and featured in subsequent adaptations, especially in Disney's animated works.", "Tinker Bell and the Great Fairy Rescue __knowledge__ Animated by Prana Studios, the film was produced using Digital 3D modeling.", "Tinker Bell and the Great Fairy Rescue __knowledge__ It was released on DVD and Blu-ray by Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment on September 21, 2010.", "Tinker Bell and the Great Fairy Rescue __knowledge__ Unlike the other films in the series, it takes place entirely away from Pixie Hollow.", "Tink (musician) __knowledge__ Trinity Home (born March 18, 1995), better known by her stage name Tink, is an American rapper, singer and songwriter.", "Tink (musician) __knowledge__ Since 2012, she has released seven mixtapes and is due to release her debut studio album in 2018.", "Tink (musician) __knowledge__ The album is set to be released on the Mosley Music Group label run by producer, Timbaland.", "Tink (musician) __knowledge__ Her 2014 mixtape, \"Winter's Diary 2: Forever Yours\", was featured as a top 10 R&B album in both \"Rolling Stone\" and \"Billboard\" magazines.", "Tink (musician) __knowledge__ She was also chosen as part of the \"XXL\" 2015 Freshman Class.", "Tink (musician) __knowledge__ Trinity Home was born on March 18, 1995 in Calumet City, Illinois.", "Tink (musician) __knowledge__ Home was nicknamed Tink by friends in elementary school and she has used the name ever since." ] ]

[ 10, 9, 55, 46 ]

[ "The Blackhawks are one of my favorite teams, they've won 6 Stanley Cup Championships since they started in 1926", "Toews is great, he was the third overall pick in the 2006 NHL draft", "I agree, I'd love to see them play at their home tink, United Center", "I've never been there either but I'd like to go and catch a Bulls game there also since The United Center is also their home court." ]

[ "Ice hockey", "Ice hockey", "Ice hockey", "Ice hockey" ]

[ "Honda\nGot to buy another car and I am thinking about a Honda", "I heard they were good on gas and low maintenance", "Really? Can you explain?", "That is a lot and good info to know, do you know any other helpful info about Honda?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda has been the world's largest motorcycle manufacturer since 1959, as well as the world's largest manufacturer of internal combustion engines measured by volume, producing more than 14 million internal combustion engines each year.", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda became the second-largest Japanese automobile manufacturer in 2001.", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda was the eighth largest automobile manufacturer in the world behind Toyota, Volkswagen Group, Hyundai Motor Group, General Motors, Ford, Nissan, and Fiat Chrysler Automobiles in 2015.", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda was the first Japanese automobile manufacturer to release a dedicated luxury brand, Acura, in 1986.", "Honda __knowledge__ Aside from their core automobile and motorcycle businesses, Honda also manufactures garden equipment, marine engines, personal watercraft and power generators, and other products.", "Honda __knowledge__ Since 1986, Honda has been involved with artificial intelligence/robotics research and released their ASIMO robot in 2000.", "Honda __knowledge__ They have also ventured into aerospace with the establishment of GE Honda Aero Engines in 2004 and the Honda HA-420 HondaJet, which began production in 2012.", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda has three joint-ventures in China (Honda China, Dongfeng Honda, and Guangqi Honda).", "Honda __knowledge__ In 2013, Honda invested about 5.7% (US$6.8 billion) of its revenues in research and development.", "Honda Fit __knowledge__ The Honda Fit, also marketed as the Honda Jazz, is a five-door, front-engine, front-wheel drive B-segment subcompact car manufactured and marketed by Honda since 2001 and now in its third generation.", "Honda Fit __knowledge__ Marketed worldwide and manufactured at ten plants in eight countries, sales reached almost 5 million by mid-2013.", "Honda Fit __knowledge__ Sharing Honda's global small-car platform with the City, Airwave, Mobilio, Mobilio Spike, Freed and Freed Spike, the Fit is noted for its one-box or monospace with an interior design concept that achieves a re-configurable cargo volume competitive with larger vehicles.", "Honda Fit __knowledge__ Honda released hybrid petrol-electric versions of the Fit in Japan in October 2010 and in Europe in early 2011.", "Port Arthur massacre (Australia) __knowledge__ The Port Arthur massacre of 28–29 April 1996 was a mass shooting in which 35 people were killed and 23 wounded.", "Port Arthur massacre (Australia) __knowledge__ It occurred mainly at the historic Port Arthur former prison colony, a popular tourist site in south-eastern Tasmania, Australia.", "Port Arthur massacre (Australia) __knowledge__ It was the deadliest mass shooting in Australian history, and amongst the most notable in history.", "Port Arthur massacre (Australia) __knowledge__ Martin Bryant, a 28-year-old from New Town, a suburb of Hobart, pleaded guilty to having carried out the shootings and given 35 life sentences without possibility of parole.", "Port Arthur massacre (Australia) __knowledge__ Following the incident, it emerged in the media that Bryant had significant intellectual disabilities.", "Honda in Formula One __knowledge__ Honda has participated in Formula One, as an entrant, constructor and engine supplier, for various periods since 1964.", "Honda in Formula One __knowledge__ Honda's involvement in Formula One began with the season; their withdrawal in 1968 was precipitated by the death of Honda driver Jo Schlesser during the 1968 French Grand Prix.", "Honda in Formula One __knowledge__ They returned in as an engine supplier, a role that ended in 1992.", "Honda in Formula One __knowledge__ They returned again in , providing engines for British American Racing (BAR).", "Honda in Formula One __knowledge__ By the end of 2005 they had bought out the BAR team, based at Brackley, United Kingdom, and renamed their new subsidiary Honda Racing.", "Honda in Formula One __knowledge__ It was announced on 5 December 2008 that Honda would be exiting Formula One with immediate effect due to the global financial crisis and were looking to sell their team.", "Honda Accord __knowledge__ The Honda Accord is a series of automobiles manufactured by Honda since 1976, best known for its four-door sedan variant, which has been one of the best-selling cars in the United States since 1989.", "Honda Accord __knowledge__ The Accord nameplate has been applied to a variety of vehicles worldwide, including coupes, wagons, hatchbacks and a crossover.", "Honda Accord __knowledge__ Since initiation, Honda has offered several different car body styles and versions of the Accord, and often vehicles marketed under the Accord nameplate concurrently in different regions differ quite substantially.", "Honda Accord __knowledge__ It debuted in 1976 as a compact hatchback, though this style only lasted through 1989, as the line-up was expanded to include a sedan, coupé, and wagon.", "Honda Insight __knowledge__ The Honda Insight is a hybrid electric vehicle that was manufactured and marketed by Honda in its first generation as a three-door, two passenger hatchback (1999–2006) and in its second generation as a five-door, five passenger hatchback (2009–2014).", "Honda Insight __knowledge__ The Insight was the first production vehicle to feature Honda's Integrated Motor Assist system.", "Honda Insight __knowledge__ The first generation Insight is the most fuel efficient gasoline-powered car available in the U.S. without plug-in capability for the length of its production run.", "Honda Insight __knowledge__ EPA estimates were 61 City/70 Highway/65 Combined.", "Honda Insight __knowledge__ However, that was under the old EPA standards.", "Honda RC100 __knowledge__ The Honda RC100 was a prototype Formula One car built by engineers from Honda R&D Center, Tochigi, although not as an official project of Honda.", "Honda RC100 __knowledge__ The car was completed in 1993 and tested at Honda's Suzuka Circuit before being destroyed in a crash test.", "Honda RC100 __knowledge__ Two more cars, known as RC101 and RC101B, were also built and tested before the project ended.", "Honda RC100 __knowledge__ Later, Honda calls the RC100 as the \"RC-F1 1.0X\", the RC101 as the \"RC-F1 1.5X\", and the RC101B as the \"RC-F1 2.0X\".", "Honda RC100 __knowledge__ They are often called also the chassis numbers: RC1-203/1, RC1B-101, and RC2-001.", "Honda RC100 __knowledge__ This cars should not be confused with the Honda RA099, which was an official Honda prototype intended for the 1999 season but also never ran." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda has been the world's largest motorcycle manufacturer since 1959, as well as the world's largest manufacturer of internal combustion engines measured by volume, producing more than 14 million internal combustion engines each year.", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda became the second-largest Japanese automobile manufacturer in 2001.", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda was the eighth largest automobile manufacturer in the world behind Toyota, Volkswagen Group, Hyundai Motor Group, General Motors, Ford, Nissan, and Fiat Chrysler Automobiles in 2015.", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda was the first Japanese automobile manufacturer to release a dedicated luxury brand, Acura, in 1986.", "Honda __knowledge__ Aside from their core automobile and motorcycle businesses, Honda also manufactures garden equipment, marine engines, personal watercraft and power generators, and other products.", "Honda __knowledge__ Since 1986, Honda has been involved with artificial intelligence/robotics research and released their ASIMO robot in 2000.", "Honda __knowledge__ They have also ventured into aerospace with the establishment of GE Honda Aero Engines in 2004 and the Honda HA-420 HondaJet, which began production in 2012.", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda has three joint-ventures in China (Honda China, Dongfeng Honda, and Guangqi Honda).", "Honda __knowledge__ In 2013, Honda invested about 5.7% (US$6.8 billion) of its revenues in research and development.", "Landfill gas utilization __knowledge__ Landfill gas utilization is a process of gathering, processing, and treating the methane gas emitted from decomposing garbage to produce electricity, heat, fuels, and various chemical compounds.", "Landfill gas utilization __knowledge__ The number of landfill gas projects, which convert the gas into power, went from 399 in 2005 to 519 in 2009 in the United Kingdom, according to the Environment Agency.", "Landfill gas utilization __knowledge__ These projects are popular because they control energy costs and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.", "Landfill gas utilization __knowledge__ These projects collect the methane gas and treat it, so it can be used for electricity or upgraded to pipeline-grade gas.", "Landfill gas utilization __knowledge__ These projects power homes, buildings, and vehicles.", "Total organic carbon __knowledge__ Total organic carbon (TOC) is the amount of carbon found in an organic compound and is often used as a non-specific indicator of water quality or cleanliness of pharmaceutical manufacturing equipment.", "Total organic carbon __knowledge__ TOC may also refer to the amount of organic carbon in soil, or in a geological formation, particularly the source rock for a petroleum play; 2% is a rough minimum.", "Total organic carbon __knowledge__ For marine surface sediments, average TOC content is 0.5% in the deep ocean, and 2% along the eastern margins.", "Total organic carbon __knowledge__ A typical analysis for TOC measures both the total carbon present and the so-called \"inorganic carbon\" (IC), the latter representing the content of dissolved carbon dioxide and carbonic acid salts.", "Distributed generation __knowledge__ Distributed generation, also distributed energy, on-site generation (OSG) or district/decentralized energy is electrical generation and storage performed by a variety of small, grid-connected devices referred to as distributed energy resources (DER).", "Distributed generation __knowledge__ Conventional power stations, such as coal-fired, gas and nuclear powered plants, as well as hydroelectric dams and large-scale solar power stations, are centralized and often require electric energy to be transmitted over long distances.", "Distributed generation __knowledge__ By contrast, DER systems are decentralized, modular and more flexible technologies, that are located close to the load they serve, albeit having capacities of only 10 megawatts (MW) or less.", "Circulating fluidized bed __knowledge__ The circulating fluidized bed (CFB) is a developing technology for coal combustion to achieve lower emission of pollutants.", "Circulating fluidized bed __knowledge__ By using this technology, up to 95% of pollutants can be absorbed before being emitted to the atmosphere.", "Circulating fluidized bed __knowledge__ Circulating fluidized bed is a relatively new technology with the ability to achieve lower emission of pollutants.", "Circulating fluidized bed __knowledge__ Extensive research has been conducted on this technology for the past 10 years because pollution in the world is getting more serious by the day and clean practice will be very crucial for the sustainability of the earth.", "Circulating fluidized bed __knowledge__ The importance of this technology has grown recently because of tightened environmental regulations for pollutant emission.", "Copper in architecture __knowledge__ Copper has earned a respected place in the related fields of architecture, building construction, and interior design.", "Copper in architecture __knowledge__ From cathedrals to castles and from homes to offices, copper is used for a variety of architectural elements, including roofs, flashings, gutters, downspouts, domes, spires, vaults, wall cladding, and building expansion joints.", "Copper in architecture __knowledge__ The history of copper in architecture can be linked to its durability, corrosion resistance, prestigious appearance, and ability to form complex shapes.", "Copper in architecture __knowledge__ For centuries, craftsmen and designers utilized these attributes to build aesthetically pleasing and long-lasting building systems.", "Hydrogen economy __knowledge__ The hydrogen economy is a proposed system of delivering energy using hydrogen.", "Hydrogen economy __knowledge__ The term \"hydrogen economy\" was coined by John Bockris during a talk he gave in 1970 at General Motors (GM) Technical Center.", "Hydrogen economy __knowledge__ The concept was proposed earlier by geneticist J.B.S.", "Hydrogen economy __knowledge__ Haldane.", "Hydrogen economy __knowledge__ Proponents of a hydrogen economy advocate hydrogen as a potential fuel for motive power (including cars and boats) and on-board auxiliary power, stationary power generation (e.g., for the energy needs of buildings), and as an energy storage medium (e.g., for interconversion from excess electric power generated off-peak).", "Hydrogen economy __knowledge__ Molecular hydrogen of the sort that can be used as a fuel does not occur naturally in convenient reservoirs; nonetheless it can be generated by steam reformation of hydrocarbons, water electrolysis or by other methods.", "Renewable energy in Africa __knowledge__ The developing nations of Africa are popular locations for the application of renewable energy technology.", "Renewable energy in Africa __knowledge__ Currently, many nations already have small-scale solar, wind, and geothermal devices in operation providing energy to urban and rural populations.", "Renewable energy in Africa __knowledge__ These types of energy production are especially useful in remote locations because of the excessive cost of transporting electricity from large-scale power plants.", "Renewable energy in Africa __knowledge__ The applications of renewable energy technology has the potential to alleviate many of the problems that face Africans every day, especially if done so in a sustainable manner that prioritizes human rights.", "Honda Accord __knowledge__ The Honda Accord is a series of automobiles manufactured by Honda since 1976, best known for its four-door sedan variant, which has been one of the best-selling cars in the United States since 1989.", "Honda Accord __knowledge__ The Accord nameplate has been applied to a variety of vehicles worldwide, including coupes, wagons, hatchbacks and a crossover.", "Honda Accord __knowledge__ Since initiation, Honda has offered several different car body styles and versions of the Accord, and often vehicles marketed under the Accord nameplate concurrently in different regions differ quite substantially.", "Honda Accord __knowledge__ It debuted in 1976 as a compact hatchback, though this style only lasted through 1989, as the line-up was expanded to include a sedan, coupé, and wagon.", "Honda Prelude __knowledge__ The Honda Prelude is a sports coupé which was produced by Japanese car manufacturer Honda from 1978 until 2001.", "Honda Prelude __knowledge__ The two-door coupé was loosely derived from the Honda Accord and spanned five generations.", "Honda Prelude __knowledge__ The Prelude was used by Honda to introduce the Japanese Honda retail sales chain called \"Honda Verno,\" with the international release of the model following shortly after.", "Honda Prelude __knowledge__ Prelude competitors traditionally included the Toyota Celica, the Nissan Silvia and the Mitsubishi Eclipse.", "Honda Prelude __knowledge__ Production of the Prelude concluded in 2001 upon the introduction of the Honda Integra DC5.", "Honda Prelude __knowledge__ The Prelude name was originally trademarked by Toyota, but was amicably given to Honda for use.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ This article provides an overview of the automotive industry in countries around the world.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ The United States was the world's largest automobile producer by volume from the early years of the 20th century until the 1980s, when it was overtaken by Japan.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ In 2009, China became the world's largest vehicle producer.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ Algeria's automotive industry is among the largest on the African continent (together with South Africa, Egypt and Morocco) and can exceed 500,000 units a year.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ Renault is the largest manufacturer with an estimated 25.5 percent of the national car market.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ Other carmakers represented there include Volkswagen (second largest), Peugeot, Hyundai (fifth largest), Nissan, and Fiat.", "Automotive industry in Malaysia __knowledge__ The automotive industry in Malaysia consists of 27 vehicle producers and over 640 component manufacturers.", "Automotive industry in Malaysia __knowledge__ The Malaysian automotive industry is the third largest in Southeast Asia, and the 23rd largest in the world, with an annual production output of over 500,000 vehicles.", "Automotive industry in Malaysia __knowledge__ The automotive industry contributes 4% or RM 40 billion to Malaysia's GDP, and employs a workforce of over 700,000 throughout a nationwide ecosystem.", "Automotive industry in Malaysia __knowledge__ The automotive industry in Malaysia traces its origins back to the British Malayan colonial era.", "Automotive industry in Malaysia __knowledge__ Ford Malaya became the first automobile assembly plant in Southeast Asia upon its establishment in Singapore in 1926.", "Plug-in electric vehicle __knowledge__ A plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) is any motor vehicle that can be recharged from an external source of electricity, such as wall sockets, and the electricity stored in the rechargeable battery packs drives or contributes to drive the wheels.", "Plug-in electric vehicle __knowledge__ PEV is a subset of electric vehicles that includes all-electric or battery electric vehicles (BEVs), plug-in hybrid vehicles (PHEVs), and electric vehicle conversions of hybrid electric vehicles and conventional internal combustion engine vehicles.", "Plug-in electric vehicle __knowledge__ In China, plug-in electric vehicles are called new energy vehicles (NEVs).", "Plug-in electric vehicle __knowledge__ Plug-in cars have several benefits compared to conventional internal combustion engine vehicles.", "American Honda Motor Company __knowledge__ The American Honda Motor Company, Inc. (sometimes abbreviated as AHM) is a North American subsidiary of the Honda Motor Company, Ltd.", "American Honda Motor Company __knowledge__ It was founded in 1959.", "American Honda Motor Company __knowledge__ The company combines product sales, service and coordinating functions of Honda in North America, and is responsible for distribution, marketing and sales of Honda and Acura brand automobiles, Honda power sports products, including motorcycles, scooters and all-terrain vehicles, and Honda power equipment products, including lawnmowers, tillers, string trimmers, generators, small displacement general-purpose engines and marine outboard engines." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda has been the world's largest motorcycle manufacturer since 1959, as well as the world's largest manufacturer of internal combustion engines measured by volume, producing more than 14 million internal combustion engines each year.", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda became the second-largest Japanese automobile manufacturer in 2001.", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda was the eighth largest automobile manufacturer in the world behind Toyota, Volkswagen Group, Hyundai Motor Group, General Motors, Ford, Nissan, and Fiat Chrysler Automobiles in 2015.", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda was the first Japanese automobile manufacturer to release a dedicated luxury brand, Acura, in 1986.", "Honda __knowledge__ Aside from their core automobile and motorcycle businesses, Honda also manufactures garden equipment, marine engines, personal watercraft and power generators, and other products.", "Honda __knowledge__ Since 1986, Honda has been involved with artificial intelligence/robotics research and released their ASIMO robot in 2000.", "Honda __knowledge__ They have also ventured into aerospace with the establishment of GE Honda Aero Engines in 2004 and the Honda HA-420 HondaJet, which began production in 2012.", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda has three joint-ventures in China (Honda China, Dongfeng Honda, and Guangqi Honda).", "Honda __knowledge__ In 2013, Honda invested about 5.7% (US$6.8 billion) of its revenues in research and development.", "Law of value __knowledge__ The law of value (German: \"Wertgesetz\") is a central concept in Karl Marx's critique of political economy, first expounded in his polemic \"The Poverty of Philosophy\" (1847) against Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, with reference to David Ricardo's economics.", "Law of value __knowledge__ Most generally, it refers to a regulative principle of the economic exchange of the products of human work: the relative exchange-values of those products in trade, usually expressed by money-prices, are proportional to the average amounts of human labor-time which are currently socially necessary to produce them.", "Law of value __knowledge__ Thus, the fluctuating exchange value of commodities (exchangeable products) is regulated by their value, where the magnitude of their value is determined by the average quantity of human labour which is currently socially necessary to produce them (see labor theory of value and value-form).", "Prices of production __knowledge__ Prices of production is a concept in Karl Marx's critique of political economy, defined as \"cost-price + average profit\".", "Prices of production __knowledge__ A production price can be thought of as a type of supply price for products; it refers to the price levels at which newly produced goods and services would have to be sold by the producers, in order to reach a normal, average \"profit rate\" on the \"capital\" invested to produce the products (not the same as the profit on the turnover).", "Prices of production __knowledge__ The importance of these price levels is, that a lot of other prices are based on them, or derived from them: in Marx's theory, they determine the cost structure of capitalist production.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ A Treatise of Human Nature (1738–40) is a book by Scottish philosopher David Hume, considered by many to be Hume's most important work and one of the most influential works in the history of philosophy.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ The \"Treatise\" is a classic statement of philosophical empiricism, skepticism, and naturalism.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ In the introduction Hume presents the idea of placing all science and philosophy on a novel foundation: namely, an empirical investigation into human nature.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ Impressed by Isaac Newton's achievements in the physical sciences, Hume sought to introduce the same experimental method of reasoning into the study of human psychology, with the aim of discovering the \"extent and force of human understanding\".", "Origin of speech __knowledge__ The origin of speech refers to the more general problem of the origin of language in the context of the physiological development of the human speech organs such as the tongue, lips and vocal organs used to produce phonological units in all human languages.", "Origin of speech __knowledge__ Although related to the more general problem of the origin of language, the evolution of distinctively human speech capacities has become a distinct and in many ways separate area of scientific research.", "Origin of speech __knowledge__ The topic is a separate one because language is not necessarily spoken: it can equally be written or signed.", "Origin of speech __knowledge__ Speech is in this sense optional, although it is the default modality for language.", "Tendency of the rate of profit to fall __knowledge__ The tendency of the rate of profit to fall (TRPF) is a hypothesis in economics and political economy, most famously expounded by Karl Marx in chapter 13 of \"Capital, Volume III\".", "Tendency of the rate of profit to fall __knowledge__ Although not accepted in 20th century mainstream economics, the existence of such a tendency was widely noted throughout the 19th century.", "Tendency of the rate of profit to fall __knowledge__ Economists as diverse as Adam Smith, John Stuart Mill, David Ricardo and Stanley Jevons referred explicitly to the TRPF as an empirical phenomenon that needed to be explained.", "Tendency of the rate of profit to fall __knowledge__ They differed in the reasons they gave for why the TRPF might necessarily occur.", "Tendency of the rate of profit to fall __knowledge__ In his 1857 \"Grundrisse\" manuscript, Karl Marx called the tendency of the rate of profit to fall \"the most important law of political economy\" and sought to give a causal explanation for it, in terms of his theory of capital accumulation.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ There are many varieties of criticism.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ This article describes common types that occur regularly in everyday life.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ For other criteria that classify criticisms, see this page.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ For more subject-specific information, see the pages on topics such as art, film, literature, theatre, or architecture.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ Aesthetic criticism is a part of aesthetics concerned with critically judging beauty and ugliness, tastefulness and tastelessness, style and fashion, meaning and quality of design—and issues of human sentiment and affect (the evoking of pleasure and pain, likes and dislikes).", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ Most parts of human life have an aesthetic dimension, which means there is plenty potential for criticism.", "Actor–observer asymmetry __knowledge__ Actor–observer asymmetry (also actor–observer bias) explains the errors that one makes when forming attributions about the behavior of others .", "Actor–observer asymmetry __knowledge__ When people judge their own behavior, and they are the actor, they are more likely to attribute their actions to the particular situation than to a generalization about their personality.", "Actor–observer asymmetry __knowledge__ Yet when an observer is explaining the behavior of another person (the actor), they are more likely to attribute this behavior to the actors’ overall disposition rather than to situational factors.", "Actor–observer asymmetry __knowledge__ This frequent error shows the bias that people hold in their evaluations of behavior .", "Artificial intelligence __knowledge__ Artificial intelligence (AI, also machine intelligence, MI) is intelligence displayed by machines, in contrast with the natural intelligence (NI) displayed by humans and other animals.", "Artificial intelligence __knowledge__ In computer science AI research is defined as the study of \"intelligent agents\": any device that perceives its environment and takes actions that maximize its chance of success at some goal.", "Artificial intelligence __knowledge__ Colloquially, the term \"artificial intelligence\" is applied when a machine mimics \"cognitive\" functions that humans associate with other human minds, such as \"learning\" and \"problem solving\".", "Artificial intelligence __knowledge__ See glossary of artificial intelligence.", "Existential risk from artificial general intelligence __knowledge__ Existential risk from artificial general intelligence is the theory that substantial progress in artificial intelligence (AI) could someday result in human extinction or some other unrecoverable global catastrophe.", "Existential risk from artificial general intelligence __knowledge__ One argument is as follows.", "Existential risk from artificial general intelligence __knowledge__ The human species currently dominates other species because the human brain has some distinctive capabilities that the brains of other animals lack.", "Existential risk from artificial general intelligence __knowledge__ If AI surpasses humanity in general intelligence and becomes \"superintelligent\", then this new superintelligence could become powerful and difficult to control.", "Existential risk from artificial general intelligence __knowledge__ Just as the fate of the mountain gorilla depends on human goodwill, so might the fate of humanity depend on the actions of a future machine superintelligence.", "Three Laws of Robotics __knowledge__ The Three Laws of Robotics (often shortened to The Three Laws or known as Asimov's Laws) are a set of rules devised by the science fiction author Isaac Asimov.", "Three Laws of Robotics __knowledge__ The rules were introduced in his 1942 short story \"Runaround\" (included in the 1950 collection \"I, Robot\"), although they had been foreshadowed in a few earlier stories.", "Three Laws of Robotics __knowledge__ The Three Laws, quoted as being from the \"Handbook of Robotics, 56th Edition, 2058 A.D.\", are: These form an organizing principle and unifying theme for Asimov's robotic-based fiction, appearing in his \"Robot\" series, the stories linked to it, and his \"Lucky Starr\" series of young-adult fiction.", "History of artificial intelligence __knowledge__ The history of Artificial Intelligence (AI) began in antiquity, with myths, stories and rumors of artificial beings endowed with intelligence or consciousness by master craftsmen; as Pamela McCorduck writes, AI began with \"an ancient wish to forge the gods.\"", "History of artificial intelligence __knowledge__ The seeds of modern AI were planted by classical philosophers who attempted to describe the process of human thinking as the mechanical manipulation of symbols.", "History of artificial intelligence __knowledge__ This work culminated in the invention of the programmable digital computer in the 1940s, a machine based on the abstract essence of mathematical reasoning.", "History of artificial intelligence __knowledge__ This device and the ideas behind it inspired a handful of scientists to begin seriously discussing the possibility of building an electronic brain.", "Robotics __knowledge__ Robotics is an interdisciplinary branch of engineering and science that includes mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, computer science, and others.", "Robotics __knowledge__ Robotics deals with the design, construction, operation, and use of robots, as well as computer systems for their control, sensory feedback, and information processing.", "Robotics __knowledge__ These technologies are used to develop machines that can substitute for humans and replicate human actions.", "Robotics __knowledge__ Robots can be used in any situation and for any purpose, but today many are used in dangerous environments (including bomb detection and de-activation), manufacturing processes, or where humans cannot survive.", "Robot __knowledge__ A robot is a machine—especially one programmable by a computer— capable of carrying out a complex series of actions automatically.", "Robot __knowledge__ Robots can be guided by an external control device or the control may be embedded within.", "Robot __knowledge__ Robots may be constructed to take on human form but most robots are machines designed to perform a task with no regard to how they look.", "Robot __knowledge__ Robots can be autonomous or semi-autonomous and range from humanoids such as Honda's \"Advanced Step in Innovative Mobility\" (ASIMO) and TOSY's \"TOSY Ping Pong Playing Robot\" (TOPIO) to industrial robots, medical operating robots, patient assist robots, dog therapy robots, collectively programmed \"swarm\" robots, UAV drones such as General Atomics MQ-1 Predator, and even microscopic nano robots.", "Embodied cognition __knowledge__ Embodied cognition is the theory that many features of cognition, whether human or otherwise, are shaped by aspects of the entire body of the organism.", "Embodied cognition __knowledge__ The features of cognition include high level mental constructs (such as concepts and categories) and performance on various cognitive tasks (such as reasoning or judgment).", "Embodied cognition __knowledge__ The aspects of the body include the motor system, the perceptual system, bodily interactions with the environment (situatedness) and the assumptions about the world that are built into the structure of the organism.", "Embodied cognition __knowledge__ The embodied mind thesis challenges other theories, such as cognitivism, computationalism, and Cartesian dualism." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda has been the world's largest motorcycle manufacturer since 1959, as well as the world's largest manufacturer of internal combustion engines measured by volume, producing more than 14 million internal combustion engines each year.", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda became the second-largest Japanese automobile manufacturer in 2001.", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda was the eighth largest automobile manufacturer in the world behind Toyota, Volkswagen Group, Hyundai Motor Group, General Motors, Ford, Nissan, and Fiat Chrysler Automobiles in 2015.", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda was the first Japanese automobile manufacturer to release a dedicated luxury brand, Acura, in 1986.", "Honda __knowledge__ Aside from their core automobile and motorcycle businesses, Honda also manufactures garden equipment, marine engines, personal watercraft and power generators, and other products.", "Honda __knowledge__ Since 1986, Honda has been involved with artificial intelligence/robotics research and released their ASIMO robot in 2000.", "Honda __knowledge__ They have also ventured into aerospace with the establishment of GE Honda Aero Engines in 2004 and the Honda HA-420 HondaJet, which began production in 2012.", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda has three joint-ventures in China (Honda China, Dongfeng Honda, and Guangqi Honda).", "Honda __knowledge__ In 2013, Honda invested about 5.7% (US$6.8 billion) of its revenues in research and development.", "Info-gap decision theory __knowledge__ Info-gap decision theory is a non-probabilistic decision theory that seeks to optimize robustness to failure – or opportuneness for windfall – under severe uncertainty, in particular applying sensitivity analysis of the stability radius type to perturbations in the value of a given estimate of the parameter of interest.", "Info-gap decision theory __knowledge__ It has some connections with Wald's maximin model; some authors distinguish them, others consider them instances of the same principle.", "Info-gap decision theory __knowledge__ It has been developed since the 1980s by Yakov Ben-Haim, and has found many applications and described as a theory for decision-making under \"\"severe\" uncertainty\".", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that appear in \"Dinosaur King\".", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ The English versions of the series use names differing from the Japanese versions; in this article the English names are used.", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ The D-Team are the protagonists of the series who are very knowledgeable about dinosaurs.", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ They prevent the Alpha Gang from succeeding in their goal by saving the dinosaurs they can find.", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ Among its members are: The Alpha Gang are the primary yet inept antagonists of the first series who abduct any dinosaur cards they find using their own dinosaurs as their muscle.", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ They conduct experiments on the dinosaur cards they find.", "International Fortean Organization __knowledge__ The International Fortean Organization (INFO) is a network of professional Fortean researchers and writers.", "International Fortean Organization __knowledge__ John Keel, author and parapsychologist, in both his writings and at his appearances at INFO's FortFest, says \"the International Fortean Organization (INFO) carries on Charles Fort's name as successor to the Fortean Society.\"", "International Fortean Organization __knowledge__ Keel, Colin Wilson and John Michell are long-time advisors to the organization.", "International Fortean Organization __knowledge__ The International Fortean Organization (INFO) published the \"INFO Journal: Science and the Unknown\", keeps a library of Forteana and offered a research service.", "International Fortean Organization __knowledge__ \"Science Digest\", in 1978, mentions their \"attempts to handle inquiries from a world-wide membership\".", "BFM TV __knowledge__ BFM TV (, stylised as BFMTV and seen on logo as BFMTV News 24/7) is a 24-hour rolling news and weather channel based in France and available globally via digital, cable and satellite television.", "BFM TV __knowledge__ As the country's most-watched news network with 10 million daily viewers, BFMTV \"boasts a market share in France that is greater than any equivalent news channel around the world\".", "BFM TV __knowledge__ Its economic coverage is \"clearly pro-business, pro-reform, and anti the old consensus\", which is noteworthy because in France, \"economic coverage tends to come from the opposite perspective—the state sector and workers taking precedence over private enterprise\".", "Info-Mac __knowledge__ Info-Mac is an online community, news aggregator and shareware file hosting service covering Apple Inc. products, including the iPhone, iPod and especially the Macintosh.", "Info-Mac __knowledge__ Established in 1984 as an electronic mailing list, Info-Mac is notable as being the first online community for Apple's then-new Macintosh computer.", "Info-Mac __knowledge__ Info-Mac was the dominant Internet resource for Mac OS software and community-based support throughout the 1980s and early 1990s.", "Info-Mac __knowledge__ Info-Mac consisted of two distinct services: the \"Info-Mac Archive\", a user-submitted collection of nearly all contemporary freeware and shareware available for the Macintosh, and the \"Info-Mac Digest\", an electronic mailing list open to public participation.", "Epi Info __knowledge__ Epi Info is statistical software for epidemiology developed by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in Atlanta, Georgia (US) and licensed as public domain.", "Epi Info __knowledge__ Epi Info has been in existence for over 20 years and is currently available for Microsoft Windows.", "Epi Info __knowledge__ The program allows for electronic survey creation, data entry, and analysis.", "Epi Info __knowledge__ Within the analysis module, analytic routines include t-tests, ANOVA, nonparametric statistics, cross tabulations and stratification with estimates of odds ratios, risk ratios, and risk differences, logistic regression (conditional and unconditional), survival analysis (Kaplan Meier and Cox proportional hazard), and analysis of complex survey data.", "Maya civilization __knowledge__ The Maya civilization was a Mesoamerican civilization developed by the Maya peoples, and noted for its hieroglyphic script—the only known fully developed writing system of the pre-Columbian Americas—as well as for its art, architecture, mathematics, calendar, and astronomical system.", "Maya civilization __knowledge__ The Maya civilization developed in an area that encompasses southeastern Mexico, all of Guatemala and Belize, and the western portions of Honduras and El Salvador.", "Maya civilization __knowledge__ This region consists of the northern lowlands encompassing the Yucatán Peninsula, and the highlands of the Sierra Madre, running from the Mexican state of Chiapas, across southern Guatemala and onwards into El Salvador, and the southern lowlands of the Pacific littoral plain.", "Tikal __knowledge__ Tikal () (\"Tik’al\" in modern Mayan orthography) is the ruin of an ancient city, which was likely to have been called Yax Mutal, found in a rainforest in Guatemala.", "Tikal __knowledge__ Ambrosio Tut, a gum-sapper, reported the ruins to \"La Gaceta\", a Guatemalan newspaper, which named the site Tikal.", "Tikal __knowledge__ After the Berlin Academy of Sciences' magazine republished the report in 1853, archeologists and treasure hunters began visiting the forest.", "Tikal __knowledge__ Today, tourism to the site may help protect the rainforest.", "Tikal __knowledge__ It is one of the largest archaeological sites and urban centers of the pre-Columbian Maya civilization.", "Tikal __knowledge__ It is located in the archaeological region of the Petén Basin in what is now northern Guatemala.", "Trade in Maya civilization __knowledge__ Trade in Maya civilization was a crucial factor in renaming Maya cities.", "Trade in Maya civilization __knowledge__ The economy was a mixed capitalist/command system combining free market trade and direct government control over areas considered vital to the population of any specific state.", "Trade in Maya civilization __knowledge__ Chief staples of Maya economic activities were centered primarily around foods like fish, squash, yams, corn, honey, beans, turkey, vegetables, chocolate drinks; raw materials such as limestone, marble, jade, wood, copper and gold; and manufactured goods such as paper, books, furniture, jewelry, clothing, carvings, toys, weapons, and luxury goods.", "Trade in Maya civilization __knowledge__ The Maya also had an important service sector, through which mathematicians, farming consultants, artisans, architects, astronomers, scribes and artists would sell their services.", "Teotihuacan __knowledge__ Teotihuacan , also written Teotihuacán (, ), is an ancient Mesoamerican city located in a sub-valley of the Valley of Mexico, located in the State of Mexico northeast of modern-day Mexico City, known today as the site of many of the most architecturally significant Mesoamerican pyramids built in the pre-Columbian Americas.", "Teotihuacan __knowledge__ At its zenith, perhaps in the first half of the 1st millennium AD, Teotihuacan was the largest city in the pre-Columbian Americas, with a population estimated at 125,000 or more, making it at least the sixth largest city in the world during its epoch.", "Teotihuacan __knowledge__ Apart from the pyramids, Teotihuacan is also anthropologically significant for its complex, multi-family residential compounds, the Avenue of the Dead and the small portion of its vibrant murals that have been exceptionally well-preserved.", "Moscow Oblast __knowledge__ Moscow Oblast (), or Podmoskovye (, literally \"around/near Moscow\"), is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).", "Moscow Oblast __knowledge__ With a population of 7,095,120 (2010 Census) living in an area of , it is one of the most densely populated regions in the country and is the second most populous federal subject.", "Moscow Oblast __knowledge__ The oblast has no official administrative center; its public authorities are located in Moscow and across other locations in the oblast.", "Moscow Oblast __knowledge__ Moscow Oblast borders Tver Oblast in the northwest, Yaroslavl Oblast in the north, Vladimir Oblast in the northeast and east, Ryazan Oblast in the southeast, Tula Oblast in the south, Kaluga Oblast in the southwest, and Smolensk Oblast in the west.", "History of the Maya civilization __knowledge__ The history of Maya civilization is divided into three principal periods: the Preclassic, Classic and Postclassic periods; these were preceded by the Archaic Period, which saw the first settled villages and early developments in agriculture.", "History of the Maya civilization __knowledge__ Modern scholars regard these periods as arbitrary divisions of chronology of the Maya civilization, rather than indicative of cultural evolution or decadence.", "History of the Maya civilization __knowledge__ Definitions of the start and end dates of period spans can vary by as much as a century, depending on the author.", "History of the Maya civilization __knowledge__ The Preclassic lasted from approximately 2000 BC to approximately 250 AD; this was followed by the Classic, from 250 AD to roughly 950 AD, then by the Postclassic, from 950 AD to the middle of the 16th century." ] ]

[ 2, 6, 9, 7 ]

[ "Neat! Honda is the second largest Japanese car manufacturer! Why are you choosing Honda?", "Yes! Another positive is they have been involved with artificial intelligence and robotics!", "I don't know whole lot about it. But Honda invests 5.7% of its revenue into research and development!", "Well they are also involved in an aerospace venture. They have been producing the HondaJet since 2012!" ]

[ "Honda", "Honda", "Honda", "Honda" ]

[ "Yorkshire Terrier\nI have a Yorkie names Ellen she is the sweetest!", "Yeah do you know how long they typically live?", "Yeah Ellen is just great with kids but I guess that is the breed of dog really.", "Ellen is grey but I think that is the most popular color I think" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Yorkshire Terrier __knowledge__ The Yorkshire Terrier is a small dog breed of terrier type, developed during the 19th century in Yorkshire, England, to catch rats in clothing mills.", "Yorkshire Terrier __knowledge__ Ideally its maximum size is , although some may exceed this and grow up to .", "Yorkshire Terrier __knowledge__ It is placed in the Toy Terrier section of the Terrier Group by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale and in the Toy Group or Companion Group by other kennel clubs, including the American Kennel Club.", "Yorkshire Terrier __knowledge__ A popular companion dog, the Yorkshire Terrier has also been part of the development of other breeds, such as the Australian Silky Terrier.", "Yorkshire Terrier __knowledge__ It has a grey, black, and tan coat, and the breed's nickname is Yorkie.", "Yorkshire Terrier __knowledge__ The Yorkshire Terrier (also called a \"Yorkie\") originated in Yorkshire (and adjoining Lancashire), a county in northern England.", "Yorkshire Terrier __knowledge__ In the mid-19th century, workers from Scotland came to Yorkshire in search of work and brought with them several different varieties of small terriers.", "Yorkshire Terrier __knowledge__ Breeding of the Yorkshire Terrier was \"principally accomplished by the people—mostly operatives in cotton and woolen mills—in the counties of Yorkshire and Lancashire.\"", "Yorkshire Terrier __knowledge__ Details are scarce.", "Yorkshire Terrier __knowledge__ Mrs. A.", "Yorkshire Terrier __knowledge__ Foster is quoted as saying in 1886, \"If we consider that the mill operatives who originated the breed...were nearly all ignorant men, unaccustomed to imparting information for public use, we may see some reason why reliable facts have not been easily attained.\"", "San Junipero __knowledge__ \"San Junipero\" is the fourth episode of the third series of British science fiction anthology series \"Black Mirror\".", "San Junipero __knowledge__ Written by series creator and showrunner Charlie Brooker and directed by Owen Harris, it premiered on Netflix on 21 October 2016, together with the rest of series three.", "San Junipero __knowledge__ The episode has a substantially more hopeful tone than other \"Black Mirror\" stories and is the show's most acclaimed episode.", "San Junipero __knowledge__ The episode is set in 1987 in a beach resort town named San Junipero, where Yorkie (Mackenzie Davis), a shy woman visiting the town, meets and falls in love with the more outgoing Kelly (Gugu Mbatha-Raw).", "Yorkie (chocolate bar) __knowledge__ Yorkie is a chocolate bar made by Nestlé.", "Yorkie (chocolate bar) __knowledge__ It was originally made by Rowntree's of York, England, hence the name.", "Yorkie (chocolate bar) __knowledge__ In 1976, Eric Nicoli of Rowntree's spotted a gap in the confectionery market and used the cocoa from Rowntree's favourable futures market position to launch Yorkie.", "Yorkie (chocolate bar) __knowledge__ Production was at York and Norwich (until 1994).", "Yorkie (chocolate bar) __knowledge__ The Yorkie bar, a chunkier alternative to Cadbury's Dairy Milk, was aimed at men.", "Yorkie (chocolate bar) __knowledge__ In the 1980s for example, toy lorries with the Yorkie bar logo were manufactured by Corgi, and television advertisements for the Yorkie bar featured truck drivers.", "Yorkie (chocolate bar) __knowledge__ In 2001, the advertisement campaign made this more explicit with the slogan and wrapper tagline \"It's not for girls!", "Tadao Okazaki __knowledge__ Tadao Okazaki was born in war-time Tokyo.", "Tadao Okazaki __knowledge__ Okazaki and his ancestors have belonged to the Soto Sect of Zen Buddhism.", "Tadao Okazaki __knowledge__ Today, he lives in the Japanese North-east by former Fushiguro Village where his ancestors and parents had lived.", "Tadao Okazaki __knowledge__ His parents were successful wholesale merchants in Tokyo until the World War II.", "Tadao Okazaki __knowledge__ Two of his mother's brothers were air force pilots and died over the Pacific: Japan is known for its love of “Ma,” or “negative” or “relative” space between objects or between time-points.", "Tadao Okazaki __knowledge__ Although Japan is expected to have numerous paintings enjoying the void of Ma, it is difficult to actually identify the ones that use the physical void: Most of the paintings known for their “space” have spaces of varying gradations of values, which simply represent air, mist, fog or cloud—Visual void is not relevant here.", "List of Punisher supporting characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters associated with the character The Punisher.", "List of Punisher supporting characters __knowledge__ A Lance Corporal in the Parachute Regiment of the British Army who tags along with Yorkie Mitchell to New York City to track down a group of former IRA members responsible for detonating a bomb in an Irish bar in Hell's Kitchen, also destroying a diner across the street, killing 11 and injuring 30, including Frank Castle who was dining at the restaurant.", "List of Punisher supporting characters __knowledge__ Lorimer & Mitchell link up with Castle and agree to fight alongside him against the Irish-American gangs of New York.", "List of Punisher supporting characters __knowledge__ Yorkie brought him along as a favor because one of the IRA members, Peter Cooley, killed Lorimer's father during the closing days of The Troubles.", "My Scene __knowledge__ My Scene was an American series of fashion dolls created by Mattel in 2002.", "My Scene __knowledge__ Mattel's Barbie character is one of the dolls in the My Scene line, and the My Scene dolls have slim bodies similar to earlier Barbie dolls, but with larger heads.", "My Scene __knowledge__ \"The New York Times\" described their features as \"exaggerated lips and bulging, makeup-caked eyes.\"", "My Scene __knowledge__ My Scene were designed to appeal to the tween market and compete with the Bratz dolls from MGA Entertainment.", "My Scene __knowledge__ The series originally consisted of three female characters, but was expanded to eventually include ten different dolls.", "My Scene __knowledge__ The \"My Scene\" series of dolls was first introduced in the fall season of 2002, before the Diva Starz, to compete with the Bratz dolls.", "Sweetest Day __knowledge__ Sweetest Day is a holiday that is celebrated in the Midwestern United States, and parts of the Northeastern United States, also in the northern part of Florida on the third Saturday in October.", "Sweetest Day __knowledge__ It is a day to share romantic deeds or expressions.", "Sweetest Day __knowledge__ 10 states and parts of two states observe Sweetest Day: Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, Missouri, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, Wisconsin, West Virginia, and areas of both New York and Pennsylvania west of the spine of the Appalachian Mountains.", "Sweetest Day __knowledge__ Sweetest Day has also been referred to as a \"concocted promotion\" created by the candy industry solely to increase sales of sweets." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Yorkshire Terrier __knowledge__ The Yorkshire Terrier is a small dog breed of terrier type, developed during the 19th century in Yorkshire, England, to catch rats in clothing mills.", "Yorkshire Terrier __knowledge__ Ideally its maximum size is , although some may exceed this and grow up to .", "Yorkshire Terrier __knowledge__ It is placed in the Toy Terrier section of the Terrier Group by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale and in the Toy Group or Companion Group by other kennel clubs, including the American Kennel Club.", "Yorkshire Terrier __knowledge__ A popular companion dog, the Yorkshire Terrier has also been part of the development of other breeds, such as the Australian Silky Terrier.", "Yorkshire Terrier __knowledge__ It has a grey, black, and tan coat, and the breed's nickname is Yorkie.", "Yorkshire Terrier __knowledge__ The Yorkshire Terrier (also called a \"Yorkie\") originated in Yorkshire (and adjoining Lancashire), a county in northern England.", "Yorkshire Terrier __knowledge__ In the mid-19th century, workers from Scotland came to Yorkshire in search of work and brought with them several different varieties of small terriers.", "Yorkshire Terrier __knowledge__ Breeding of the Yorkshire Terrier was \"principally accomplished by the people—mostly operatives in cotton and woolen mills—in the counties of Yorkshire and Lancashire.\"", "Yorkshire Terrier __knowledge__ Details are scarce.", "Yorkshire Terrier __knowledge__ Mrs. A.", "Yorkshire Terrier __knowledge__ Foster is quoted as saying in 1886, \"If we consider that the mill operatives who originated the breed...were nearly all ignorant men, unaccustomed to imparting information for public use, we may see some reason why reliable facts have not been easily attained.\"", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ TRL's Number Ones is the collection of music videos that had reached the number-one spot on the daily music video countdown show \"Total Request Live\" which aired on MTV from 1998 to 2008.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ Usually the same video will stay on the number-one spot for a series of weeks but after a certain period it will be retired or honorably discharged from the countdown and be put into the hall of fame.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ The music video is usually determined various ways such as voting online on MTV.com, the \"Billboard\" charts, ratings on the radio and downloads over the internet.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ January 2: \"Lose Yourself\" - Eminem January 3: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 6: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 7: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 8: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 9: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 10: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 13: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 14: \"All I Have\" - Jennifer Lopez featuring LL Cool J January 15: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 16: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 17: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 22: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 23: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 24: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 28: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 29: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 30: \"Bump, Bump, Bump\" - B2K featuring P. Diddy January 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 3: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 4: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 7: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 10: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 11: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 12: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 14: Valentine's Day Special #1 Video: \"Why I Love You\" - B2K February 17: TRL Awards #1 Video: \"Larger Than Life\" - Backstreet Boys February 18: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 19: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 20: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 21: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 24: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 25: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 26: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake February 27: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 28: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 3: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 4: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 7: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 10: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 11: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 12: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 14: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 17: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 18: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 19: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 20: Coverage on the war in Iraq March 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 24: \"The Hell Song\" - Sum 41 March 25: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 26: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 1: \"Girlfriend\" - B2K April 2: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 3: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 4: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 7: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 8: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 9: \"Addicted\" - Simple Plan April 10: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 11: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 15: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 16: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 17: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 18: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 22: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 23: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 24: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 25: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 28: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 29: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 30: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 1: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 2: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 5: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 6: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 7: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 8: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 9: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 12: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 13: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 15: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 16: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 19: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 20: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 22: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 26: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 27: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 28: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 29: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 30: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 2: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 3: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 4: \"Rock Wit U\" - Ashanti June 5: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 9: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 10: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 11: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 12: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 16: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 17: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 18: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 19: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 23: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 24: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 25: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 26: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 30: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 1: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 2: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 3: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 7: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 8: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 9: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 10: Dynamic Duos #1 Video: \"Girlfriend ( Remix )\"- 'N Sync featuring Nelly July 11: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 14: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 15: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 16: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 17: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 18: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 21: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 22: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 23: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 24: Funniest Video #1 Video: \"Without Me\" - Eminem July 25: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 28: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 29: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 30: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 31: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 1: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 4: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 5: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 6: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 7: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 8: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 11: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 12: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 13: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 14: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 15: August 18: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 19: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 20: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 21: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 26: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 27: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy August 28: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 29: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 2: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 3: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 4: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 5: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 8: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 9: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 10: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 11: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 12: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 15: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 17: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 18: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 19: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 23: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 24: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 25: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 26: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 29: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 30: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 1: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 2: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 3: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell October 6: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 7: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul October 8: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 9: \"Perfect\" - Simple Plan October 10: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 14: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 15: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 17: \"Trouble\" - P!nk October 18: \"Trouble\" - Pink October 21: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 23: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 27: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 28: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 29: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 30: \"Will You\" - P. O. D. October 31: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 3: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 4: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 5: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 6: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 7: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 11: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 12: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 13: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 14: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 17: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 18: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 19: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 20: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 24: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 25: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 1: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 2: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 3: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 4: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 5: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 8: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 11: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 16: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 17: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 18: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 19: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 22: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 23: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 29: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit December 30: Song Of The Year: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 5: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 6: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 7: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 8: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 13: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 14: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 16: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 19: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 21: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 22: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 26: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 27: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 28: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 29: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 30: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring Jason Weaver February 2: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 9: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 10: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 11: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 12: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 13: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte February 16: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 17: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 18: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 19: \"Sorry 2004\" - Ruben Studdard February 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 23: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 24: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 25: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon February 27: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 2: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 3: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 4: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 5: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 8: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears March 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 10: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 11: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 15: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 16: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 17: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 18: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 22: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 23: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 24: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 25: \"My Band\" - D12 March 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 29: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 30: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 31: \"My Band\" - D12 April 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 5: \"Naughty Girl\" - Beyoncé April 6: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 7: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 8: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 13: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 14: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 15: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 16: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 19: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 20: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 21: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 22: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 23: \"My Band\" - D12 April 26: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 27: \"My Band\" - D12 April 28: \"My Band\" - D12 April 29: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears May 3: \"My Band\" - D12 May 4: \"My Band\" - D12 May 5: \"My Band\" - D12 May 6: \"My Band\" - D12 May 7: \"My Band\" - D12 May 10: \"My Band\" - D12 May 11: \"My Band\" - D12 May 17: \"My Band\" - D12 May 18: \"Burn\" - Usher May 19: \"Burn\" - Usher May 20: \"Burn\" - Usher May 21: \"Burn\" - Usher May 24: \"My Band\" - D12 May 25: \"Burn\" - Usher May 26: \"Burn\" - Usher May 27: \"My Band\" - D12 May 28: \"My Band\" - D12 May 31: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 1: \"Burn\" - Usher June 2: \"Burn\" - Usher June 3: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 4: \"My Band\" - D12 June 7: \"My Band\" - D12 June 8: \"Burn\" - Usher June 9: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 10: Cross Country Countdown #1 Video: \"Forgot About Dre\" - Dr. Dre featuring Eminem June 11: \"Burn\" - Usher June 14: \"Burn\" - Usher June 15: \"How Come\" - D12 June 16: \"How Come\" - D12 June 17: \"How Come\" - D12 June 18: \"How Come\" - D12 June 21: \"How Come\" - D12 June 22: \"How Come\" - D12 June 23: \"Leave (Get Out)\" - JoJo June 24: \"How Come\" - D12 June 25: \"How Come\" - D12 June 28: \"Leave ( Get Out )\" - JoJo June 29: \"How Come\" - D12 June 30: \"Confessions Pt.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Confessions is the fourth studio album by American singer Usher.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ It was released on March 23, 2004, by Arista Records.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Recording sessions for the album took place during 2003 to 2004, with its production handled by his longtime collaborator Jermaine Dupri, along with Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis and Lil Jon, among others.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Primarily an R&B album, \"Confessions\" showcases Usher as a crooner through a mixture of ballads and up-tempos, incorporating musical genres of dance-pop, hip hop and crunk.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ The album's themes generated controversy about Usher's personal relationships; however, the album's primary producer Jermaine Dupri claimed the album reflects Dupri's own personal story.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ The Plame affair (also known as the CIA leak scandal and Plamegate) was a political scandal that revolved around journalist Robert Novak's public identification of Valerie Plame as a covert Central Intelligence Agency officer in 2003.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ In 2002, Plame wrote a memo to her superiors in which she expressed hesitation in recommending her husband, former diplomat Joseph C. Wilson, to the CIA for a mission to Niger to investigate claims that Iraq had arranged to purchase and import uranium from the country, but stated that he \"may be in a position to assist\".", "Plame affair __knowledge__ After President George W. Bush stated that \"Saddam Hussein recently sought significant quantities of uranium from Africa\" during the run-up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Wilson published a July 2003 op-ed in \"The New York Times\" stating his doubts during the mission that any such transaction with Iraq had taken place.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ is a song by American singer Usher.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ He co-wrote the song with Sean Garrett, Patrick J. Que Smith, Robert McDowell, LRoc, Ludacris, Da'Ron, and Lil Jon.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ It also features guest vocals from Lil Jon and Ludacris, with the former also producing the song as well as incorporating crunk and R&B—which he coined as crunk&B—in the song's production.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was released as the lead single from Usher's fourth studio album \"Confessions\" (2004) on January 27, 2004, after Usher was told by Arista Records, his label at the time, to record more tracks for the album.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ topped the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart for 12 consecutive weeks, before being dethroned by Usher's follow-up single \"Burn\".", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ Yeah Yeah Yeahs is an American indie rock band formed in New York City in 2000.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ The group is composed of vocalist and pianist Karen O, guitarist and keyboardist Nick Zinner, and drummer Brian Chase.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ They are complemented in live performances by second guitarist David Pajo, who joined as a touring member in 2009 and replaced Imaad Wasif who had previously held this role.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ According to an interview that aired during the ABC network's \"Live from Central Park SummerStage\" series, the band's name was taken from modern New York City vernacular.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ The band has recorded four studio albums; the first, \"Fever to Tell\", was released in 2003.", "Yorkshire __knowledge__ Yorkshire (; abbreviated Yorks), formally known as the County of York, is a historic county of Northern England and the largest in the United Kingdom.", "Yorkshire __knowledge__ Due to its great size in comparison to other English counties, functions have been undertaken over time by its subdivisions, which have also been subject to periodic reform.", "Yorkshire __knowledge__ Throughout these changes, Yorkshire has continued to be recognised as a geographical territory and cultural region.", "Yorkshire __knowledge__ The name is familiar and well understood across the United Kingdom and is in common use in the media and the military, and also features in the titles of current areas of civil administration such as North Yorkshire, South Yorkshire, West Yorkshire and East Riding of Yorkshire.", "Bladder stone (animal) __knowledge__ Bladder stones or uroliths are a common occurrence in animals, especially in domestic animals such as dogs and cats.", "Bladder stone (animal) __knowledge__ Occurrence in other species, including tortoises, have been reported as well.", "Bladder stone (animal) __knowledge__ The stones form in the urinary bladder in varying size and numbers secondary to infection, dietary influences, and genetics.", "Bladder stone (animal) __knowledge__ Stones can form in any part of the urinary tract in dogs and cats, but unlike in humans, stones of the kidney are less common and do not often cause significant disease, although they can contribute to pyelonephritis and chronic renal failure.", "Bladder stone (animal) __knowledge__ Types of stones include struvite, calcium oxalate, urate, cystine, calcium phosphate, and silicate.", "Airedale Terrier __knowledge__ The Airedale Terrier (often shortened to \"Airedale\"), also called Bingley Terrier and Waterside Terrier, is a dog breed of the terrier type that originated in the valley (\"dale\") of the River Aire, in the West Riding of Yorkshire, England.", "Airedale Terrier __knowledge__ It is traditionally called the \"King of Terriers\" because it is the largest of the terrier breeds.", "Airedale Terrier __knowledge__ The Airedale was bred from the Old English Black and Tan Terrier (now extinct), the Bull Terrier, the Otterhound and probably some other Terrier breeds, originally to serve as an all around working farm dog.", "Airedale Terrier __knowledge__ In Britain this breed has also been used as a war dog, guide dog and police dog.", "GFSN National League __knowledge__ The Gay Football Supporters Network National League (often referred to as the GNL) is an amateur league competition for gay football clubs across the United Kingdom.", "GFSN National League __knowledge__ The league is associated with the GFSN - football supporters group catering for the LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender) community.", "GFSN National League __knowledge__ The league was formed in 2002 with four founder members, and has steadily grown to fifteen teams since its inception plus five associate members who play in the GFSN National Cup.", "GFSN National League __knowledge__ It is the only national LGBT league in the world.", "GFSN National League __knowledge__ There is a strong feeling of community across the league, born out of the GFSN.", "Gay Football Supporters Network __knowledge__ The Gay Football Supporters Network (\"GFSN\") is a U.K. non-profit organisation founded in early 1989 by a small group of gay football fans.", "Gay Football Supporters Network __knowledge__ This group went on to campaign for the view that homosexuality did not preclude an active interest in and support for the game and the GFSN now encompasses Supporting, Campaigning and Playing elements.", "Gay Football Supporters Network __knowledge__ The Gay Football Supporters Network, founded by William Lehauli, began meeting at the Salmon & Compasses public house in Chapel Market, North London in early 1989; it later expanded into a truly national organisation across the UK and now also includes Republic of Ireland citizens as members.", "Terrier __knowledge__ A terrier is a dog of any one of many breeds or landraces of the terrier type, which are typically small, wiry and fearless.", "Terrier __knowledge__ Terrier breeds vary greatly in size from just to over and are usually categorized by size or function.", "Terrier __knowledge__ There are five different groups with each group having several different breeds.", "Terrier __knowledge__ Most terrier breeds were developed in Great Britain and Ireland.", "Terrier __knowledge__ They were used to control rats, rabbits, and foxes both over and under the ground.", "Terrier __knowledge__ Some larger terriers were also used to hunt badgers.", "Terrier __knowledge__ The word terrier comes from the Middle French \"terre\", derived from the Latin word for earth, \"terra\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Yorkshire Terrier __knowledge__ The Yorkshire Terrier is a small dog breed of terrier type, developed during the 19th century in Yorkshire, England, to catch rats in clothing mills.", "Yorkshire Terrier __knowledge__ Ideally its maximum size is , although some may exceed this and grow up to .", "Yorkshire Terrier __knowledge__ It is placed in the Toy Terrier section of the Terrier Group by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale and in the Toy Group or Companion Group by other kennel clubs, including the American Kennel Club.", "Yorkshire Terrier __knowledge__ A popular companion dog, the Yorkshire Terrier has also been part of the development of other breeds, such as the Australian Silky Terrier.", "Yorkshire Terrier __knowledge__ It has a grey, black, and tan coat, and the breed's nickname is Yorkie.", "Yorkshire Terrier __knowledge__ The Yorkshire Terrier (also called a \"Yorkie\") originated in Yorkshire (and adjoining Lancashire), a county in northern England.", "Yorkshire Terrier __knowledge__ In the mid-19th century, workers from Scotland came to Yorkshire in search of work and brought with them several different varieties of small terriers.", "Yorkshire Terrier __knowledge__ Breeding of the Yorkshire Terrier was \"principally accomplished by the people—mostly operatives in cotton and woolen mills—in the counties of Yorkshire and Lancashire.\"", "Yorkshire Terrier __knowledge__ Details are scarce.", "Yorkshire Terrier __knowledge__ Mrs. A.", "Yorkshire Terrier __knowledge__ Foster is quoted as saying in 1886, \"If we consider that the mill operatives who originated the breed...were nearly all ignorant men, unaccustomed to imparting information for public use, we may see some reason why reliable facts have not been easily attained.\"", "Streets of Fire __knowledge__ Streets of Fire is a 1984 film directed by Walter Hill and co-written by Hill and Larry Gross.", "Streets of Fire __knowledge__ It is described in its opening credits and posters as \"A Rock & Roll Fable\".", "Streets of Fire __knowledge__ The film is a mix of musical, action, neo-noir, drama, and comedy, with elements of retro-1950s and 1980s.", "Streets of Fire __knowledge__ It stars Michael Paré as a soldier of fortune who returns home to rescue his ex-girlfriend (Diane Lane) who has been kidnapped by the leader of a biker gang (Willem Dafoe).", "Streets of Fire __knowledge__ Some of the film was shot on the backlot of Universal Studios in California, on two large sets covered in a tarp 1,240 feet long by 220 feet wide, so that night scenes could be filmed during the day.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Conformation show __knowledge__ A conformation show, also referred to as a \"breed show\", is a kind of dog show in which a judge familiar with a specific dog breed evaluates individual purebred dogs for how well the dogs \"conform\" to the established breed type for their breed, as described in a breed's individual breed standard.", "Conformation show __knowledge__ Such shows are useful to breeders as a means of evaluating dogs for breeding purposes.", "Conformation show __knowledge__ A conformation championship from a recognized national kennel club is generally considered a reasonably objective indication of merit, as it indicates that the dog has been found to be a superior example of its breed by some number of different judges on some number of separate occasions.", "Breed-specific legislation __knowledge__ Breed-specific legislation is a law passed by a legislative body pertaining to a specific breed or breeds of domesticated animals.", "Breed-specific legislation __knowledge__ In practice, it generally refers to laws pertaining to a specific dog breed or breeds.", "Breed-specific legislation __knowledge__ Some jurisdictions have enacted breed-specific legislation in response to a number of well-publicized incidents involving pit bull-type dogs or other dog breeds commonly used in dog fighting, and some government organizations such as the United States Army and Marine Corps have taken administrative action as well.", "Breed-specific legislation __knowledge__ This legislation ranges from outright bans on the possession of these dogs, to restrictions and conditions on ownership, and often establishes a legal presumption that these dogs are \"prima facie\" legally \"dangerous\" or \"vicious\".", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ The Greater Swiss Mountain Dog ( or ) is a dog breed which was developed in the Swiss Alps.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ The name \"Sennenhund\" refers to people called \"Senn\" or \"Senner\", dairymen and herders in the Swiss Alps.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ Greater Swiss Mountain Dogs are almost certainly the result of indigenous dogs mating with large mastiff types brought to Switzerland by foreign settlers.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ At one time, the breed was believed to have been among the most popular in Switzerland.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ It was assumed to have almost died out by the late 19th century, since its work was being done by other breeds or machines, but was rediscovered in the early 1900s.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ The Australian Cattle Dog (ACD), or simply Cattle Dog, is a breed of herding dog originally developed in Australia for droving cattle over long distances across rough terrain.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ This breed is a medium-sized, short-coated dog that occurs in two main colour forms.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ It has either brown or black hair distributed fairly evenly through a white coat, which gives the appearance of a \"red\" or \"blue\" dog.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ As with dogs from other working breeds, the Australian Cattle Dog is energetic and intelligent with an independent streak.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ It responds well to structured training, particularly if it is interesting and challenging.", "Breed club (dog) __knowledge__ A dog breed club is an association or club of fanciers of a single, specific breed of dog.", "Breed club (dog) __knowledge__ \"Breed clubs\" define the breed with which the club is associated in a document called a breed standard, although there may be multiple \"breed clubs\" for the same breed, each defining the breed in a somewhat different manner.", "Breed club (dog) __knowledge__ \"Breed clubs\" are \"not\" scientific organisations, nor are breed standards meant to be scientific descriptions of a breed.", "Breed club (dog) __knowledge__ \"Any\" fancier or group of fanciers may start a \"breed club\" and write definitions to suit themselves.", "Breed club (dog) __knowledge__ Dog breed clubs exist to \"support the preservation and protection\" of the club's breed.", "Australian Silky Terrier __knowledge__ The Australian Silky Terrier is a small breed of dog of the terrier dog type.", "Australian Silky Terrier __knowledge__ The breed was developed in Australia, although the ancestral types and breeds were from Great Britain.", "Australian Silky Terrier __knowledge__ It is closely related to the Australian Terrier and the Yorkshire Terrier.", "Australian Silky Terrier __knowledge__ The breed is called the \"Silky Terrier\" in North America, but is called the \"Australian Silky Terrier\" in its country of origin and in the rest of the world.", "Australian Silky Terrier __knowledge__ The Australian Silky Terrier is a small and compact short-legged terrier, at the withers, alert and active.", "Australian Silky Terrier __knowledge__ The long silky grey and white or blue and tan coat is an identifying feature, hanging straight and parted along the back, and described as \"flat, fine and glossy\".", "Paisley Terrier __knowledge__ The Paisley Terrier was a breed of terrier type dog that is now extinct.", "Paisley Terrier __knowledge__ Originating in Scotland, the Paisley Terrier was bred primarily as a pet and showdog version of the Skye Terrier, and was the progenitor of today's Yorkshire Terrier.", "Paisley Terrier __knowledge__ The breed was called the Paisley terrier since most of the dogs came from that location, but it was also called the Clydesdale Terrier, for another location in the Clyde Valley where the dogs were bred.", "Paisley Terrier __knowledge__ The appearance of the Paisley terrier was similar to the Skye Terrier, but was shorter backed and weighed around 7 kg (16 lbs), about half the weight of today's Skye Terrier.", "Toy dog __knowledge__ Toy dog traditionally refers to a very small dog or a grouping of small and very small breeds of dog.", "Toy dog __knowledge__ A toy dog may be of any of various dog types.", "Toy dog __knowledge__ Types of dogs referred to as toy dogs may include Spaniels, Pinschers and Terriers that have been bred down in size.", "Toy dog __knowledge__ Not all toy dogs are lapdogs, although that is an important and ancient type of toy dog.", "Toy dog __knowledge__ The very smallest toy dogs are sometimes called \"teacup\" size, although no major dog registry recognizes that term.", "Toy dog __knowledge__ Dogs referred to as toy or teacup dogs, are dogs found in the \"Toy Group\" of breed registries, may be of the very ancient lapdog type, or they may be small versions of hunting dogs or working dogs, bred down in size for a particular kind of work or to create a pet of convenient size.", "Jack Russell Terrier __knowledge__ The Jack Russell Terrier is a small terrier that has its origins in fox hunting.", "Jack Russell Terrier __knowledge__ It is principally white-bodied and smooth, rough or broken-coated but can be any colour.", "Jack Russell Terrier __knowledge__ The Jack Russell is frequently confused with the Parson Russell terrier (see the American Kennel Club) and the Russell terrier, which is a shorter-legged, stockier variety.", "Jack Russell Terrier __knowledge__ (Within the \"Fédération Cynologique Internationale\", the \"Russell terrier\" is also known as \"Jack Russell terrier\".)", "Jack Russell Terrier __knowledge__ The term \"Jack Russell\" is also commonly misapplied to other small white terriers.", "Jack Russell Terrier __knowledge__ The Jack Russell is a broad type, with a size range of .", "Jack Russell Terrier __knowledge__ The Parson Russell is limited only to a middle range with a standard size of , while the Russell terrier is smaller at .", "Terrier __knowledge__ A terrier is a dog of any one of many breeds or landraces of the terrier type, which are typically small, wiry and fearless.", "Terrier __knowledge__ Terrier breeds vary greatly in size from just to over and are usually categorized by size or function.", "Terrier __knowledge__ There are five different groups with each group having several different breeds.", "Terrier __knowledge__ Most terrier breeds were developed in Great Britain and Ireland.", "Terrier __knowledge__ They were used to control rats, rabbits, and foxes both over and under the ground.", "Terrier __knowledge__ Some larger terriers were also used to hunt badgers.", "Terrier __knowledge__ The word terrier comes from the Middle French \"terre\", derived from the Latin word for earth, \"terra\".", "Huddersfield Ben __knowledge__ Huddersfield Ben (c. 1865 – 23 September 1871), an early Yorkshire Terrier, is universally acknowledged to be the foundation sire of the breed.", "Huddersfield Ben __knowledge__ In his day Ben won many prizes, both as a show dog and in ratting contests.", "Huddersfield Ben __knowledge__ He had tremendous influence in setting the breed type for the Yorkshire Terrier, a new breed still under development in Ben's day.", "Huddersfield Ben __knowledge__ Although larger than a standard Yorkshire Terrier, Ben regularly sired stock under 7 pounds.", "Huddersfield Ben __knowledge__ Mr. and Mrs. M.A.", "Huddersfield Ben __knowledge__ Foster of Bradford, in West Yorkshire England, owned Huddersfield Ben.", "Huddersfield Ben __knowledge__ The dog was bred by Mr. W. Eastwood in the town of Huddersfield, England." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Yorkshire Terrier __knowledge__ The Yorkshire Terrier is a small dog breed of terrier type, developed during the 19th century in Yorkshire, England, to catch rats in clothing mills.", "Yorkshire Terrier __knowledge__ Ideally its maximum size is , although some may exceed this and grow up to .", "Yorkshire Terrier __knowledge__ It is placed in the Toy Terrier section of the Terrier Group by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale and in the Toy Group or Companion Group by other kennel clubs, including the American Kennel Club.", "Yorkshire Terrier __knowledge__ A popular companion dog, the Yorkshire Terrier has also been part of the development of other breeds, such as the Australian Silky Terrier.", "Yorkshire Terrier __knowledge__ It has a grey, black, and tan coat, and the breed's nickname is Yorkie.", "Yorkshire Terrier __knowledge__ The Yorkshire Terrier (also called a \"Yorkie\") originated in Yorkshire (and adjoining Lancashire), a county in northern England.", "Yorkshire Terrier __knowledge__ In the mid-19th century, workers from Scotland came to Yorkshire in search of work and brought with them several different varieties of small terriers.", "Yorkshire Terrier __knowledge__ Breeding of the Yorkshire Terrier was \"principally accomplished by the people—mostly operatives in cotton and woolen mills—in the counties of Yorkshire and Lancashire.\"", "Yorkshire Terrier __knowledge__ Details are scarce.", "Yorkshire Terrier __knowledge__ Mrs. A.", "Yorkshire Terrier __knowledge__ Foster is quoted as saying in 1886, \"If we consider that the mill operatives who originated the breed...were nearly all ignorant men, unaccustomed to imparting information for public use, we may see some reason why reliable facts have not been easily attained.\"", "Cadillac de Ville series __knowledge__ The Cadillac DeVille was originally a trim level and later a separate model produced by Cadillac.", "Cadillac de Ville series __knowledge__ The first car to bear the name was the 1949 Coupe de Ville, a pillarless two-door hardtop body style with a prestige trim level above that of the Series 62 luxury coupe.", "Cadillac de Ville series __knowledge__ The last model to be formally known as a DeVille was the 2005 Cadillac DeVille, a full-size sedan, the largest car in the Cadillac model range at the time.", "Cadillac de Ville series __knowledge__ The next year, the DeVille was officially renamed DTS.", "Cadillac de Ville series __knowledge__ The name \"DeVille\" is derived from the French \"de la ville\" or \"de ville\" meaning \"of the town\".", "Cadillac de Ville series __knowledge__ In French coach building parlance, a coupé de ville, from the French couper (to cut) i.e.", "Grey __knowledge__ Grey (British English) or gray (American English; see spelling differences) is an intermediate color between black and white.", "Grey __knowledge__ It is a neutral or achromatic color, meaning literally that it is a color \"without color.\"", "Grey __knowledge__ It is the color of a cloud-covered sky, of ash and of lead.", "Grey __knowledge__ The first recorded use of \"grey\" as a color name in the English language was in AD 700.", "Grey __knowledge__ \"Grey\" is the dominant spelling in European and Commonwealth English, although \"gray\" remained in common usage in the UK until the second half of the 20th century.", "Grey __knowledge__ \"Gray\" has been the preferred American spelling since approximately 1825, although \"grey\" is an accepted variant.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ Grey's Anatomy is an American medical drama television series that premiered on March 27, 2005, on American Broadcasting Company (ABC) as a mid-season replacement.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The fictional series focuses on the lives of surgical interns, residents, and attending physicians, as they develop into seasoned doctors while trying to maintain personal lives and relationships.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The title is a play on \"Gray's Anatomy\", a classic human anatomy textbook first published in 1858 in London and written by Henry Gray.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ Shonda Rhimes developed the pilot and continues to write for the series; she is also one of the executive producers, along with Betsy Beers, Mark Gordon, Krista Vernoff, Rob Corn, Mark Wilding, and Allan Heinberg.", "Damages (TV series) __knowledge__ Damages is an American legal thriller television series created by the writing and production trio Daniel Zelman and brothers Glenn and Todd A. Kessler.", "Damages (TV series) __knowledge__ It premiered on July 24, 2007, on FX, and aired for three seasons before moving to the DirecTV channel Audience Network in 2010, airing for two further seasons and concluding in 2012.", "Damages (TV series) __knowledge__ The plot revolves around the brilliant, ruthless lawyer Patty Hewes (Glenn Close) and her newest protégée, recent law school graduate Ellen Parsons (Rose Byrne).", "Damages (TV series) __knowledge__ Each season features a major case that Hewes and her firm take on while also examining a chapter of the complex relationship between Ellen and Patty.", "Black __knowledge__ Black is the darkest color, the result of the absence or complete absorption of visible light.", "Black __knowledge__ It is an achromatic color, literally a color without hue, like white (its opposite) and gray.", "Black __knowledge__ It is often used symbolically or figuratively to represent darkness, while white represents light.", "Black __knowledge__ Black ink is the most common color used for printing books, newspapers and documents, because it has the highest contrast with white paper and is the easiest to read.", "Black __knowledge__ For the same reason, black text on a white screen is the most common format used on computer screens.", "Black __knowledge__ In color printing it is used along with the subtractive primaries cyan, yellow, and magenta, in order to help produce the darkest shades.", "Shades of green __knowledge__ Varieties of the color green may differ in hue, chroma (also called saturation or intensity) or lightness (or value, tone, or brightness), or in two or three of these qualities.", "Shades of green __knowledge__ Variations in value are also called tints and shades, a tint being a green or other hue mixed with white, a shade being mixed with black.", "Shades of green __knowledge__ A large selection of these various colors is shown below.", "Shades of green __knowledge__ Green is common in nature, especially in plants.", "Shades of green __knowledge__ Many plants are green mainly because of a complex chemical known as chlorophyll which is involved in photosynthesis.", "Shades of green __knowledge__ Many shades of green have been named after plants or are related to plants.", "Croatian national costume __knowledge__ Croatian national costume or Croatian dress (, plural: \"narodne nošnje\") refers to the traditional clothing worn by Croats living in Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, with smaller communities in Hungary, Austria, Montenegro, and Romania.", "Croatian national costume __knowledge__ Since today Croats wear Western-style clothing on a daily basis, the national costumes are most often worn with connection to special events and celebrations, mostly at ethnic festivals, religious holidays, weddings, and by dancing groups who dance the traditional Croatian kolo, or circle dance.", "Croatian national costume __knowledge__ Each cultural and geographical region has its own specific variety of costume that vary in style, material, color, shape, and form.", "San Junipero __knowledge__ \"San Junipero\" is the fourth episode of the third series of British science fiction anthology series \"Black Mirror\".", "San Junipero __knowledge__ Written by series creator and showrunner Charlie Brooker and directed by Owen Harris, it premiered on Netflix on 21 October 2016, together with the rest of series three.", "San Junipero __knowledge__ The episode has a substantially more hopeful tone than other \"Black Mirror\" stories and is the show's most acclaimed episode.", "San Junipero __knowledge__ The episode is set in 1987 in a beach resort town named San Junipero, where Yorkie (Mackenzie Davis), a shy woman visiting the town, meets and falls in love with the more outgoing Kelly (Gugu Mbatha-Raw).", "Cream gene __knowledge__ The cream gene is responsible for a number of horse coat colors.", "Cream gene __knowledge__ Horses that have the cream gene in addition to a base coat color that is chestnut will become palomino if they are heterozygous, having one copy of the cream gene, or cremello, if they are homozygous.", "Cream gene __knowledge__ Similarly, horses with a bay base coat and the cream gene will be buckskin or perlino.", "Cream gene __knowledge__ A black base coat with the cream gene becomes the not-always-recognized smoky black or a smoky cream.", "Cream gene __knowledge__ Cream horses, even those with blue eyes, are not white horses.", "Cream gene __knowledge__ Dilution coloring is also not related to any of the white spotting patterns.", "Cream gene __knowledge__ The cream gene (\"C\") is an incomplete dominant allele with a distinct dosage effect.", "My Scene __knowledge__ My Scene was an American series of fashion dolls created by Mattel in 2002.", "My Scene __knowledge__ Mattel's Barbie character is one of the dolls in the My Scene line, and the My Scene dolls have slim bodies similar to earlier Barbie dolls, but with larger heads.", "My Scene __knowledge__ \"The New York Times\" described their features as \"exaggerated lips and bulging, makeup-caked eyes.\"", "My Scene __knowledge__ My Scene were designed to appeal to the tween market and compete with the Bratz dolls from MGA Entertainment.", "My Scene __knowledge__ The series originally consisted of three female characters, but was expanded to eventually include ten different dolls.", "My Scene __knowledge__ The \"My Scene\" series of dolls was first introduced in the fall season of 2002, before the Diva Starz, to compete with the Bratz dolls.", "Seal brown (horse) __knowledge__ Seal brown is a hair coat color of horses characterized by a near-black body color; with black points, the mane, tail and legs; but also reddish or tan areas around the eyes, muzzle, behind the elbow and in front of the stifle.", "Seal brown (horse) __knowledge__ The term is not to be confused with \"brown\", which is used by some breed registries to refer to either a seal brown horse or to a dark bay without the additional characteristics of seal brown genetics.", "Seal brown (horse) __knowledge__ Like bay, the seal brown color is produced by the Agouti (\"A\") gene acting upon a genetically black base coat, suppressing the black into point coloration and allowing the underlying reddish or brownish color to appear.", "Yorkie (chocolate bar) __knowledge__ Yorkie is a chocolate bar made by Nestlé.", "Yorkie (chocolate bar) __knowledge__ It was originally made by Rowntree's of York, England, hence the name.", "Yorkie (chocolate bar) __knowledge__ In 1976, Eric Nicoli of Rowntree's spotted a gap in the confectionery market and used the cocoa from Rowntree's favourable futures market position to launch Yorkie.", "Yorkie (chocolate bar) __knowledge__ Production was at York and Norwich (until 1994).", "Yorkie (chocolate bar) __knowledge__ The Yorkie bar, a chunkier alternative to Cadbury's Dairy Milk, was aimed at men.", "Yorkie (chocolate bar) __knowledge__ In the 1980s for example, toy lorries with the Yorkie bar logo were manufactured by Corgi, and television advertisements for the Yorkie bar featured truck drivers.", "Yorkie (chocolate bar) __knowledge__ In 2001, the advertisement campaign made this more explicit with the slogan and wrapper tagline \"It's not for girls!", "List of Punisher supporting characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters associated with the character The Punisher.", "List of Punisher supporting characters __knowledge__ A Lance Corporal in the Parachute Regiment of the British Army who tags along with Yorkie Mitchell to New York City to track down a group of former IRA members responsible for detonating a bomb in an Irish bar in Hell's Kitchen, also destroying a diner across the street, killing 11 and injuring 30, including Frank Castle who was dining at the restaurant.", "List of Punisher supporting characters __knowledge__ Lorimer & Mitchell link up with Castle and agree to fight alongside him against the Irish-American gangs of New York.", "List of Punisher supporting characters __knowledge__ Yorkie brought him along as a favor because one of the IRA members, Peter Cooley, killed Lorimer's father during the closing days of The Troubles." ] ]

[ 1, 4, 5, 7 ]

[ "I bet she is, they are cute! Yorkshire Terriers were made in Yorkshire, England back in the 19th century. They've been around a long time!", "I'm not really sure. They are perfect little companions though. Yorkshire Terrier's are part of helping develop the Australian Silky Terrier too.", "Yes, and I know they come in gray, tan and black coats. I think the nickname 'Yorkie' is cute!", "I wasn't sure which color was, but I know they came to America back in the 19th century because workers brought them here, when they came to look for work. They brought several kinds of terriers." ]

[ "Yorkshire Terrier", "Yorkshire Terrier", "Yorkshire Terrier", "Yorkshire Terrier" ]

[ "Barbershop music\nThe topic is Barbershop music, kinda like rap and stuff like that. ", "Jimmy Fallon does them on his show every once in a while, Have you ever seen any of them?", "haha yes exactly, with the guys wearing the pinstripe suits.", "Yeah I think it takes a lot of practice between the 4 people to make it sound awesome!", "Hes the lowest vocal part right? Yes that is my favorite as well. " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Barbershop vocal harmony, as codified during the barbershop revival era (1930s–present), is a style of a cappella close harmony, or unaccompanied vocal music, characterized by consonant four-part chords for every melody note in a predominantly homophonic texture.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Each of the four parts has its own role: generally, the lead sings the melody, the tenor harmonizes above the melody, the bass sings the lowest harmonizing notes, and the baritone completes the chord, usually below the lead.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ The melody is not usually sung by the tenor or baritone, except for an infrequent note or two to avoid awkward voice leading, in tags or codas, or when some appropriate embellishment can be created.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ One characteristic feature of barbershop harmony is the use of what is known as \"snakes\" and \"swipes.\"", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ This is when a chord is altered by a change in one or more non-melodic voices.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Occasional passages may be sung by fewer than four voice parts.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Barbershop music is generally performed by either a barbershop quartet, a group of four singers with one on each vocal part, or a barbershop chorus, which closely resembles a choir with the notable exception of the genre of music.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Female barbershop quartets are sometimes referred to as \"Sweet Adelines quartets\", in association with the organization of that name.", "Harmonic seventh chord __knowledge__ The harmonic seventh chord is a major triad plus the harmonic seventh interval (ratio of 7:4, about 968.826 cents).", "Harmonic seventh chord __knowledge__ This interval is somewhat narrower (about 48.77 cents flatter, a septimal quarter tone) and is \"sweeter in quality\" than an \"ordinary\" minor seventh, which has a just intonation ratio of 9:5 (1017.596 cents), or an equal-temperament ratio of 1000 cents (2:1).", "Harmonic seventh chord __knowledge__ Frequent use of this chord is one of the defining characteristics of blues and barbershop harmony; barbershoppers refer to it as \"the barbershop seventh\".", "Harmonic seventh chord __knowledge__ Since barbershop music tends to be sung in just intonation, the barbershop seventh chord may be accurately termed a harmonic seventh chord.", "Barbershop arranging __knowledge__ Barbershop arranging is the art of creating arrangements of barbershop music.", "Barbershop arranging __knowledge__ The Barbershop Harmony Society (BHS) and Sweet Adelines International (SAI) have prescribed rules that dictate what is an acceptable arrangement, particularly with regard to singing in competition.", "Barbershop arranging __knowledge__ This makes barbershop arranging a specialist form of arranging, rarely tackled by those outside Barbershop; likewise, barbershop arrangers tend to be known only for their barbershop arrangements rather than for their work in any other musical form.", "Barbershop arranging __knowledge__ The following 2 paragraphs from the BHS indicate technical requirements of a barbershop arrangement for use in a BHS contest: “Barbershop harmony is a style of unaccompanied vocal music characterized by consonant four-part chords for every melody note in a predominantly homophonic texture.", "Barbershop Harmony Society __knowledge__ The Barbershop Harmony Society, legally and historically named the Society for the Preservation and Encouragement of Barber Shop Quartet Singing in America, Inc. (SPEBSQSA), is the first of several organizations to promote and preserve barbershop music as an art form.", "Barbershop Harmony Society __knowledge__ Founded by Owen C. Cash and Rupert I.", "Barbershop Harmony Society __knowledge__ Hall in Tulsa, Oklahoma in 1938, the organization quickly grew, promoting barbershop harmony among men of all ages.", "Barbershop Harmony Society __knowledge__ As of 2014, just under 23,000 men in the United States and Canada were members of this organization whose focus is on \"a cappella\" music.", "Barbershop Harmony Society __knowledge__ The international headquarters was in Kenosha, Wisconsin for fifty years before moving to Nashville, Tennessee in 2007.", "A cappella __knowledge__ A cappella (Italian for \"in the manner of the chapel\") music is specifically group or solo singing without instrumental accompaniment, or a piece intended to be performed in this way.", "A cappella __knowledge__ It contrasts with cantata, which is usually accompanied singing.", "A cappella __knowledge__ The term \"a cappella\" was originally intended to differentiate between Renaissance polyphony and Baroque concertato style.", "A cappella __knowledge__ In the 19th century a renewed interest in Renaissance polyphony coupled with an ignorance of the fact that vocal parts were often doubled by instrumentalists led to the term coming to mean unaccompanied vocal music.", "A cappella __knowledge__ The term is also used, albeit rarely, as a synonym for alla breve.", "T.I. __knowledge__ Clifford Joseph Harris Jr. (born September 25, 1980), known professionally as T.I.", "T.I. __knowledge__ and Tip (often stylized as TIP or T.I.P.", "T.I. __knowledge__ ), is an American rapper and actor.", "T.I. __knowledge__ Harris signed his first major-label record deal in 1999, with Arista subsidiary LaFace.", "T.I. __knowledge__ In 2001, Harris formed the Southern hip hop group P$C, alongside his longtime friends and fellow Atlanta-based rappers Big Kuntry King, Mac Boney and C-Rod.", "T.I. __knowledge__ Upon being released from Arista, Harris signed to Atlantic and subsequently became the co-chief executive officer (CEO) of his own label imprint, Grand Hustle Records, which he launched in 2003.", "T.I. __knowledge__ Harris is also perhaps best known as one of the artists who popularized the hip hop subgenre trap music, along with Young Jeezy and Gucci Mane.", "Hanger (barbershop music) __knowledge__ A hanger, or a post, in barbershop music is a long note, held by one of the voices in the quartet, while the other voices are free to change notes, and even breathe.", "Hanger (barbershop music) __knowledge__ Hangers usually occur in the tag of a Barbershop song, although they may occur anywhere.", "Hanger (barbershop music) __knowledge__ The held note is typically the tonic note of the song (e.g.", "Hanger (barbershop music) __knowledge__ if the song is in G Major, the hanger is usually a G).", "Hanger (barbershop music) __knowledge__ Any one of the four voices can have the hanger, although the hanger is typically a high note, therefore it is usually assigned to either the Lead or Tenor.", "Hanger (barbershop music) __knowledge__ Some Barbershop arrangements have elaborate tags featuring a long hanger, and the hanger is usually sung at a high volume (fortissimo in musical terminology)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Barbershop vocal harmony, as codified during the barbershop revival era (1930s–present), is a style of a cappella close harmony, or unaccompanied vocal music, characterized by consonant four-part chords for every melody note in a predominantly homophonic texture.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Each of the four parts has its own role: generally, the lead sings the melody, the tenor harmonizes above the melody, the bass sings the lowest harmonizing notes, and the baritone completes the chord, usually below the lead.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ The melody is not usually sung by the tenor or baritone, except for an infrequent note or two to avoid awkward voice leading, in tags or codas, or when some appropriate embellishment can be created.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ One characteristic feature of barbershop harmony is the use of what is known as \"snakes\" and \"swipes.\"", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ This is when a chord is altered by a change in one or more non-melodic voices.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Occasional passages may be sung by fewer than four voice parts.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Barbershop music is generally performed by either a barbershop quartet, a group of four singers with one on each vocal part, or a barbershop chorus, which closely resembles a choir with the notable exception of the genre of music.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Female barbershop quartets are sometimes referred to as \"Sweet Adelines quartets\", in association with the organization of that name.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring games, sketches, and other comedy routines from the NBC late night talk show \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\", and its predecessor, \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The sketches feature host Jimmy Fallon, house band The Roots, announcer/sidekick Steve Higgins, the show's writers, celebrity guests, and audience members.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Most of the skits below appeared only on \"Late Night\", while some have carried over to the \"Tonight Show\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Every Tuesday on the show, Jimmy weighs the pros and cons of a topic that's currently in the news, with the pros being the setups and the cons being the punchlines.", "Late Night with Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ Late Night with Jimmy Fallon is an American late-night talk show hosted by comedian Jimmy Fallon.", "Late Night with Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The hour-long show, which premiered on March 2, 2009, and ended on February 7, 2014, aired weeknights at 12:35 am Eastern/11:35 pm Central on NBC in the United States.", "Late Night with Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The third incarnation of the \"Late Night\" franchise originated by David Letterman, the program originated from NBC Studio 6B (and Studio 6A for the final 6 months of its run) in the GE Building at 30 Rockefeller Center in New York City.", "Late Night with Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The show typically opened with a brief monologue from Fallon, followed by a comedy \"desk piece,\" as well as prerecorded segments and audience competitions.", "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon is an American late-night talk show hosted by Jimmy Fallon, on NBC.", "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The show premiered on February 17, 2014, and is produced by Broadway Video and Universal Television.", "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ It is the seventh incarnation of NBC's long-running \"Tonight Show\" franchise, with Fallon serving as the sixth host.", "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The show also stars sidekick and announcer Steve Higgins and house band The Roots.", "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ \"The Tonight Show\" is produced by Katie Hockmeyer and executive-produced by Lorne Michaels.", "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The show records from Studio 6B in Rockefeller Center, New York City.", "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ This was where \"The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson\" was filmed until 1972.", "Race Through New York Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ Race Through New York Starring Jimmy Fallon is a 3D motion-simulator attraction at Universal Studios Florida based on Jimmy Fallon's tenure at \"The Tonight Show\".", "Race Through New York Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ It opened on April 6, 2017.", "Race Through New York Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\" is an American late-night talk show hosted by \"Saturday Night Live\" alum, Jimmy Fallon, on NBC.", "Race Through New York Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The show premiered on February 17, 2014, and it is the seventh incarnation of NBC's long-running \"Tonight Show\" franchise, with Fallon serving as the sixth host.", "Race Through New York Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The show also stars sidekick and announcer Steve Higgins and house band The Roots.", "Race Through New York Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ \"The Tonight Show\" originates from Studio 6B, where Johnny Carson's \"Tonight Show\" also was taped, in Rockefeller Center, New York City.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ James Thomas Fallon (born September 19, 1974) is an American comedian, actor, television host and musician.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He is known for his work in television as a cast member on \"Saturday Night Live\" and as the host of late-night talk show \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\" and before that \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\".", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He was born in Bay Ridge, Brooklyn and raised in Saugerties, New York.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He grew up with an interest in comedy and music, moving to Los Angeles at 21 to pursue opportunities in stand-up comedy.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He was commissioned to join NBC's \"Saturday Night Live\" as a cast member in 1998, fulfilling a lifelong dream.", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ The 2010 \"Tonight Show\" conflict was a media and public relations conflict involving American television network NBC and two of its then-late-night talk show hosts, Conan O'Brien and Jay Leno.", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ Leno, the host of long-running franchise \"The Tonight Show\" since 1992, and O'Brien, host of \"Late Night\" since 1993, were strong ratings leaders for the network for much of the decade.", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ When O'Brien's contract neared its end and he was courted by other networks in 2001, NBC extended his contract and essentially guaranteed him he would be the fifth host of \"The Tonight Show\".", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ The network neglected to let Leno know this until his contract extension in 2004, when they informed him he would remain host for five more years and then transition the show to O'Brien in 2009.", "The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson __knowledge__ The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson is an American late-night talk show hosted by Scottish American comedian Craig Ferguson.", "The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson __knowledge__ It was the third iteration of the \"Late Late Show\" franchise, airing from 2005 to 2014.", "The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson __knowledge__ It followed the \"Late Show with David Letterman\" in the CBS late-night lineup, airing weekdays in the U.S. at 12:37 a.m.", "The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson __knowledge__ Taped in front of a live studio audience from Monday to Friday at CBS Television City in Los Angeles, California, directly above the Bob Barker Studio (Studio 33), it was produced by David Letterman's production company Worldwide Pants Incorporated and CBS Television Studios.", "Harmonic seventh chord __knowledge__ The harmonic seventh chord is a major triad plus the harmonic seventh interval (ratio of 7:4, about 968.826 cents).", "Harmonic seventh chord __knowledge__ This interval is somewhat narrower (about 48.77 cents flatter, a septimal quarter tone) and is \"sweeter in quality\" than an \"ordinary\" minor seventh, which has a just intonation ratio of 9:5 (1017.596 cents), or an equal-temperament ratio of 1000 cents (2:1).", "Harmonic seventh chord __knowledge__ Frequent use of this chord is one of the defining characteristics of blues and barbershop harmony; barbershoppers refer to it as \"the barbershop seventh\".", "Harmonic seventh chord __knowledge__ Since barbershop music tends to be sung in just intonation, the barbershop seventh chord may be accurately termed a harmonic seventh chord.", "Barbershop arranging __knowledge__ Barbershop arranging is the art of creating arrangements of barbershop music.", "Barbershop arranging __knowledge__ The Barbershop Harmony Society (BHS) and Sweet Adelines International (SAI) have prescribed rules that dictate what is an acceptable arrangement, particularly with regard to singing in competition.", "Barbershop arranging __knowledge__ This makes barbershop arranging a specialist form of arranging, rarely tackled by those outside Barbershop; likewise, barbershop arrangers tend to be known only for their barbershop arrangements rather than for their work in any other musical form.", "Barbershop arranging __knowledge__ The following 2 paragraphs from the BHS indicate technical requirements of a barbershop arrangement for use in a BHS contest: “Barbershop harmony is a style of unaccompanied vocal music characterized by consonant four-part chords for every melody note in a predominantly homophonic texture.", "Hanger (barbershop music) __knowledge__ A hanger, or a post, in barbershop music is a long note, held by one of the voices in the quartet, while the other voices are free to change notes, and even breathe.", "Hanger (barbershop music) __knowledge__ Hangers usually occur in the tag of a Barbershop song, although they may occur anywhere.", "Hanger (barbershop music) __knowledge__ The held note is typically the tonic note of the song (e.g.", "Hanger (barbershop music) __knowledge__ if the song is in G Major, the hanger is usually a G).", "Hanger (barbershop music) __knowledge__ Any one of the four voices can have the hanger, although the hanger is typically a high note, therefore it is usually assigned to either the Lead or Tenor.", "Hanger (barbershop music) __knowledge__ Some Barbershop arrangements have elaborate tags featuring a long hanger, and the hanger is usually sung at a high volume (fortissimo in musical terminology).", "Homer's Barbershop Quartet __knowledge__ \"Homer's Barbershop Quartet\" is the first episode of \"The Simpsons\" fifth season.", "Homer's Barbershop Quartet __knowledge__ It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on September 30, 1993.", "Homer's Barbershop Quartet __knowledge__ The episode was written by Jeff Martin and directed by Mark Kirkland.", "Homer's Barbershop Quartet __knowledge__ It features the Be Sharps, a barbershop quartet founded by Homer Simpson.", "Homer's Barbershop Quartet __knowledge__ The band's story roughly parallels that of The Beatles.", "Homer's Barbershop Quartet __knowledge__ George Harrison and David Crosby guest star as themselves, and The Dapper Dans provide the singing voices of the Be Sharps.", "Homer's Barbershop Quartet __knowledge__ The episode begins with the Simpson family as they attend a swap meet.", "Homer's Barbershop Quartet __knowledge__ There, Bart Simpson and his sister Lisa notice a picture of their father, Homer, on the cover of an old LP album.", "Barbershop Harmony Society __knowledge__ The Barbershop Harmony Society, legally and historically named the Society for the Preservation and Encouragement of Barber Shop Quartet Singing in America, Inc. (SPEBSQSA), is the first of several organizations to promote and preserve barbershop music as an art form.", "Barbershop Harmony Society __knowledge__ Founded by Owen C. Cash and Rupert I.", "Barbershop Harmony Society __knowledge__ Hall in Tulsa, Oklahoma in 1938, the organization quickly grew, promoting barbershop harmony among men of all ages.", "Barbershop Harmony Society __knowledge__ As of 2014, just under 23,000 men in the United States and Canada were members of this organization whose focus is on \"a cappella\" music.", "Barbershop Harmony Society __knowledge__ The international headquarters was in Kenosha, Wisconsin for fifty years before moving to Nashville, Tennessee in 2007.", "A cappella __knowledge__ A cappella (Italian for \"in the manner of the chapel\") music is specifically group or solo singing without instrumental accompaniment, or a piece intended to be performed in this way.", "A cappella __knowledge__ It contrasts with cantata, which is usually accompanied singing.", "A cappella __knowledge__ The term \"a cappella\" was originally intended to differentiate between Renaissance polyphony and Baroque concertato style.", "A cappella __knowledge__ In the 19th century a renewed interest in Renaissance polyphony coupled with an ignorance of the fact that vocal parts were often doubled by instrumentalists led to the term coming to mean unaccompanied vocal music.", "A cappella __knowledge__ The term is also used, albeit rarely, as a synonym for alla breve." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Barbershop vocal harmony, as codified during the barbershop revival era (1930s–present), is a style of a cappella close harmony, or unaccompanied vocal music, characterized by consonant four-part chords for every melody note in a predominantly homophonic texture.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Each of the four parts has its own role: generally, the lead sings the melody, the tenor harmonizes above the melody, the bass sings the lowest harmonizing notes, and the baritone completes the chord, usually below the lead.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ The melody is not usually sung by the tenor or baritone, except for an infrequent note or two to avoid awkward voice leading, in tags or codas, or when some appropriate embellishment can be created.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ One characteristic feature of barbershop harmony is the use of what is known as \"snakes\" and \"swipes.\"", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ This is when a chord is altered by a change in one or more non-melodic voices.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Occasional passages may be sung by fewer than four voice parts.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Barbershop music is generally performed by either a barbershop quartet, a group of four singers with one on each vocal part, or a barbershop chorus, which closely resembles a choir with the notable exception of the genre of music.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Female barbershop quartets are sometimes referred to as \"Sweet Adelines quartets\", in association with the organization of that name.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Ha Dong-hoon (; born on August 20, 1979), better known by his stage name Haha (), is a South Korean singer, variety show host and member of Skull & Haha.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He is best known for being in the sitcom, \"Nonstop\" and for co-hosting two popular variety programs, MBC's \"Infinite Challenge\" and SBS's \"Running Man\".", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He has also hosted his own show, titled \"Ya Man TV\" on Mnet in 2015.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Haha was born on August 20, 1979 in Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, West Germany and moved to Seoul, South Korea when he was an infant.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ His parents are both Korean, with his mother holding a doctorate in psychology, and he has an older sister, Ha Juri () who is a pianist, also with a doctorate.", "Siren suit __knowledge__ The siren suit is a one-piece garment for the whole body which is easily put on or taken off, originally designed for use on the way to and in air-raid shelters.", "Siren suit __knowledge__ The suit solved the problems of warmth and modesty encountered when seeking shelter during nighttime air raids in the United Kingdom during World War II.", "Siren suit __knowledge__ It was roomy and could be put on over night clothes quickly when an imminent air raid was announced by the sirens.", "Siren suit __knowledge__ The suit was worn by both children and adults when sheltering in either back garden or public shelters.", "Siren suit __knowledge__ Similar in style to boilersuits worn by many workers including mechanics, brick layers and tank crews to protect their standard clothing, the siren suit was invented by Winston Churchill as an original leisure suit in the 1930s.", "Nitty Gritty Dirt Band __knowledge__ The Nitty Gritty Dirt Band is an American country rock band that has existed in various forms since its founding in Long Beach, California in 1966.", "Nitty Gritty Dirt Band __knowledge__ The group's membership has had at least a dozen changes over the years, including a period from 1976 to 1981 when the band performed and recorded as the Dirt Band.", "Nitty Gritty Dirt Band __knowledge__ Constant members since the early times are singer-guitarist Jeff Hanna and drummer Jimmie Fadden.", "Nitty Gritty Dirt Band __knowledge__ Multi-instrumentalist John McEuen was with the band from 1966 to 1986 and returned during 2001 departing once again in November 2017.", "Nitty Gritty Dirt Band __knowledge__ Keyboardist Bob Carpenter joined the band in 1977.", "Nitty Gritty Dirt Band __knowledge__ The band is often cited as instrumental to the progression of contemporary country and roots music.", "Dolce & Gabbana __knowledge__ Dolce & Gabbana () is an Italian luxury fashion house founded in 1985 in Legnano by Italian designers Domenico Dolce and Stefano Gabbana.", "Dolce & Gabbana __knowledge__ The two met in Milan in 1980 and designed for the same fashion house.", "Dolce & Gabbana __knowledge__ In 1982, they established a designer consulting studio; in time it grew to become \"Dolce & Gabbana\".", "Dolce & Gabbana __knowledge__ They presented their first women's collection in 1985 in Milan, where a year later their store would open its doors.", "Dolce & Gabbana __knowledge__ In 1988, they launched a leotard line, and in 1989 they began designing underwear and swimming costumes.", "Dolce & Gabbana __knowledge__ Dolce & Gabbana started to export their products to Japan and other countries including the United States, where they founded their own showroom in 1990.", "Suit (clothing) __knowledge__ In clothing, a suit is a set of garments made from the same cloth, usually consisting of at least a jacket and trousers.", "Suit (clothing) __knowledge__ Lounge suits (also known as business suits when sober in colour and style), which originated in Britain as country wear, are the most common style of Western suit.", "Suit (clothing) __knowledge__ Other types of suit still worn today are the \"dinner suit\", part of black tie, which arose as a lounging alternative to dress coats in much the same way as the day lounge suit came to replace frock coats and morning coats; and, rarely worn today, the morning suit.", "Suit (clothing) __knowledge__ This article discusses the lounge suit (including business suits), elements of informal dress code.", "Pinstripe (video game) __knowledge__ Pinstripe is a puzzle, adventure video game for Microsoft Windows, macOS, and Linux.", "Pinstripe (video game) __knowledge__ The game was developed by Atmos Games, the studio of Thomas Brush, who created and designed it over a five year period.", "Pinstripe (video game) __knowledge__ It was published by Armor Games.", "Pinstripe (video game) __knowledge__ Pinstripe follows Teddy, a disgraced ex-minister, who is on a train with his three-year-old daughter, Bo.", "Pinstripe (video game) __knowledge__ Ted encounters Pinstripe, a shadowy figure who is also on the train.", "Pinstripe (video game) __knowledge__ After Bo is kidnapped by Pinstripe, and the train crashes into a town, Ted goes off to find Bo.", "Pinstripe (video game) __knowledge__ Exploring the town, Ted finds his dog, George, who gives him advice throughout the game, and Bo's slingshot, which acts as a weapon.", "Jim Holvay __knowledge__ James Steven \"Jimmy Soul\" Holvay (born May 16, 1945) is an American songwriter and musician best known for writing Kind of a Drag, a number one hit for The Buckinghams.", "Jim Holvay __knowledge__ He is one of the founding members of The MOB, the first rock band to perform at a Presidential Inaugural Concert & Ball.", "Jim Holvay __knowledge__ Jim Holvay has co-written other songs for The Buckinghams Don't You Care, Hey Baby (They’re Playing Our Song), Susan and other artists including The MOB (I Dig Everything About You, Give It To Me).", "Jim Holvay __knowledge__ His latest compositions can be heard in the 2016 production Eastside Heartbeats, A New Rock ‘N’ Roll Musical.", "Jim Holvay __knowledge__ [4]inspired by the story of Cannibal and the Headhunters opening for The Beatles at the Hollywood Bowl in 1965.", "Harmonic seventh chord __knowledge__ The harmonic seventh chord is a major triad plus the harmonic seventh interval (ratio of 7:4, about 968.826 cents).", "Harmonic seventh chord __knowledge__ This interval is somewhat narrower (about 48.77 cents flatter, a septimal quarter tone) and is \"sweeter in quality\" than an \"ordinary\" minor seventh, which has a just intonation ratio of 9:5 (1017.596 cents), or an equal-temperament ratio of 1000 cents (2:1).", "Harmonic seventh chord __knowledge__ Frequent use of this chord is one of the defining characteristics of blues and barbershop harmony; barbershoppers refer to it as \"the barbershop seventh\".", "Harmonic seventh chord __knowledge__ Since barbershop music tends to be sung in just intonation, the barbershop seventh chord may be accurately termed a harmonic seventh chord.", "Barbershop arranging __knowledge__ Barbershop arranging is the art of creating arrangements of barbershop music.", "Barbershop arranging __knowledge__ The Barbershop Harmony Society (BHS) and Sweet Adelines International (SAI) have prescribed rules that dictate what is an acceptable arrangement, particularly with regard to singing in competition.", "Barbershop arranging __knowledge__ This makes barbershop arranging a specialist form of arranging, rarely tackled by those outside Barbershop; likewise, barbershop arrangers tend to be known only for their barbershop arrangements rather than for their work in any other musical form.", "Barbershop arranging __knowledge__ The following 2 paragraphs from the BHS indicate technical requirements of a barbershop arrangement for use in a BHS contest: “Barbershop harmony is a style of unaccompanied vocal music characterized by consonant four-part chords for every melody note in a predominantly homophonic texture.", "You (Ha Ha Ha) __knowledge__ \"You (Ha Ha Ha)\" is a song by British singer and songwriter Charli XCX taken from her major label debut studio album, \"True Romance\" (2013).", "You (Ha Ha Ha) __knowledge__ It was released as the album's 4th single in February 2013, along with several remixes.", "You (Ha Ha Ha) __knowledge__ A music video for the song was released on YouTube on 10 January 2013.", "You (Ha Ha Ha) __knowledge__ \"You (Ha Ha Ha) relies heavily on a sample of Gold Panda's single \"You\".", "You (Ha Ha Ha) __knowledge__ The sample provides \"psychedelic loops\" to the track, that contains \"maddening trance and haunted-house echoes\" and\"aural flourishes\".", "You (Ha Ha Ha) __knowledge__ The sound of the single has been described as a \"combination of UK electro and saccharine vocals\".", "Ha Ha Tonka (band) __knowledge__ Ha Ha Tonka, formerly known as Amsterband (they officially changed their name on May 13, 2007), are a band originally formed in West Plains, Missouri and currently signed to Bloodshot Records out of Chicago, Illinois.", "Ha Ha Tonka (band) __knowledge__ The band is named after Ha Ha Tonka State Park in Camdenton, Missouri.", "Ha Ha Tonka (band) __knowledge__ After signing to Bloodshot Records, \"Buckle in the Bible Belt\" was released on September 11, 2007.", "Ha Ha Tonka (band) __knowledge__ \"St. Nick on the Fourth in a Fervor\" released as the first single from that album.", "Ha Ha Tonka (band) __knowledge__ The band's website says that their \"dark view of the realities of socio-economic hardship, backwoods prejudices and drug abuse is leavened by wry humor and a deep appreciation for regional storytelling traditions.\"", "The Case of the Deadly Ha-Ha Game __knowledge__ The Case of the Deadly Ha-Ha Game is the 37th book in the \"Hank the Cowdog\" series The case starts on a subplot in the evening when Loper comes home from ranch work early to cook dinner for his family.", "The Case of the Deadly Ha-Ha Game __knowledge__ Meanwhile, Pete the cat has convinced Hank that he should enter the yard and try Pete's cat food.", "The Case of the Deadly Ha-Ha Game __knowledge__ Hank enters the yard, but is quickly distracted by the smell of the steaks that Loper is cooking on the barbecue grill.", "The Case of the Deadly Ha-Ha Game __knowledge__ He, Drover and Pete get into a tugging match in the yard with one of the steaks, and are saved only when Little Alfred comes along, takes it back, and throws them all out of the yard, then puts the steak back with the others.", "Ego (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ \"Ego\" is a song recorded by American singer Beyoncé for the deluxe edition of her third studio album, \"I Am... Sasha Fierce\" (2008).", "Ego (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ The song was composed by Elvis Williams, Harold Lilly, and Beyoncé.", "Ego (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ \"Ego\" was officially remixed with additional vocals from hip hop artist, Kanye West.", "Ego (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ Initially planned to be released in January 2009 as the second urban single in the US along with the fourth US and third international single \"Halo\", the release of \"Ego\" was canceled and replaced by \"Diva\".", "Ego (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ \"Ego\" was later serviced as the third urban single, and fifth overall single in the US on May 19, 2009 alongside the sixth US and fourth international single \"Sweet Dreams\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Barbershop vocal harmony, as codified during the barbershop revival era (1930s–present), is a style of a cappella close harmony, or unaccompanied vocal music, characterized by consonant four-part chords for every melody note in a predominantly homophonic texture.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Each of the four parts has its own role: generally, the lead sings the melody, the tenor harmonizes above the melody, the bass sings the lowest harmonizing notes, and the baritone completes the chord, usually below the lead.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ The melody is not usually sung by the tenor or baritone, except for an infrequent note or two to avoid awkward voice leading, in tags or codas, or when some appropriate embellishment can be created.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ One characteristic feature of barbershop harmony is the use of what is known as \"snakes\" and \"swipes.\"", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ This is when a chord is altered by a change in one or more non-melodic voices.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Occasional passages may be sung by fewer than four voice parts.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Barbershop music is generally performed by either a barbershop quartet, a group of four singers with one on each vocal part, or a barbershop chorus, which closely resembles a choir with the notable exception of the genre of music.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Female barbershop quartets are sometimes referred to as \"Sweet Adelines quartets\", in association with the organization of that name.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ Stone is a 2010 U.S. crime thriller film directed by John Curran and starring Robert De Niro, Edward Norton and Milla Jovovich.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ Most of the filming was done in Washtenaw County, Michigan.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ This was the final film to be released by Overture Films.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ Young mother Madylyn Mabry puts her daughter to bed while her husband Jack watches golf on television.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ A bee buzzes around the window as she stays with her girl.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ After the child is asleep, she goes downstairs and announces she's leaving, saying \"You keep my soul in a dungeon.\"", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ He takes a moment to disconnect from the game, then runs upstairs to the bedroom and holds their daughter out the window, threatening to drop her if Madylyn leaves.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ The 2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series was the 66th season of professional stock car racing in the United States and the 43rd modern-era Cup season.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ The season began at Daytona International Speedway, with the Sprint Unlimited, followed by the Daytona 500.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ The season ended with the Ford EcoBoost 400 at Homestead-Miami Speedway.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ This season was the final year of broadcasting for both the ESPN family of networks and Turner Sports.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ ESPN had covered the second half of the Sprint Cup season since 2007 while Turner Sports ended a thirty-one year relationship with NASCAR on TBS and later TNT.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ For 2015, their portions of the season were divided between Fox Sports and NBC.", "All Tomorrow's Parties Festival lineups __knowledge__ This page lists past lineups for all past UK and US All Tomorrow's Parties music festivals, as well as other festivals the ATP organisation has been involved with such as the Pitchfork Music Festival and Primavera Sound.", "All Tomorrow's Parties Festival lineups __knowledge__ Unlike most music festivals, ATP lineups are chosen by a curator, usually an artist or musician.", "All Tomorrow's Parties Festival lineups __knowledge__ 7-8-9/4/2000.", "All Tomorrow's Parties Festival lineups __knowledge__ Lineup: ...And You Will Know Us by the Trail of Dead, Alfie, Aphex Twin, Arab Strap, Bardo Pond, Bobby Gillespie's Hair, Clinic, Ganger, Godspeed You!", "All Tomorrow's Parties Festival lineups __knowledge__ Black Emperor, Gorky's Zygotic Mynci, Hood, Labradford + Pan American, Laika, Ligament, Mice Parade, Mogwai, Motor Life Co., Pan American, Plaid, Plone, Pram, Radar Bros., Scott 4, Shellac, Sigur Rós, Snow Patrol, Sonic Youth, Sophia, Stereolab, Super Furry Animals, Tarwater, Ten Benson, The Delgados, The For Carnation, The High Llamas, Two Dollar Guitar, Wire 6-7-8/4/2001.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters for the British television and radio sketch show \"Little Britain\" (and its American spin-off, \"Little Britain USA\").", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played By: David Walliams Appearances: Season 3 Alan works for the Donkey Hospice in the town of Achingballs.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ After contributors give him some money, he blatantly places stickers on embarrassing body parts, such as the genital region or breasts and on someone's rear in a deleted scene.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ He makes one appearance in Series 3.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played by: David Walliams Episodes: Radio Show; Season 1, episodes 4 and 5 Catchphrase: \"I love you Anne\" and \"I need you Anne\" Peter Andre is a royal BBC correspondent who gets sacked after first making surreal and false claims about the Royal Family (such as Prince Charles having magical powers, describing The Queen as \"The Main One\" and mistaking Princess Eugenie for her mother, Sarah, Duchess of York) and then expressing his love for Princess Anne through song.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the series \"The Awesomes\".", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Professor Dr. Jeremy \"Prock\" Awesome (voiced by Seth Meyers) - The son of Mr.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Awesome.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Jeremy Awesome is the young new leader of the Awesomes.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Known as Prock (a portmanteau of Professor and Doctor, since Prock has a JD and an MD) he has always wanted to be a superhero like his father, Mr.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Awesome.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Prock disappointingly doesn't have any of his father's impressive physical powers: indeed, he is unimposing and injury-prone.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ However, he's the smartest on the team and a natural leader: in a crisis he comes up with excellent plans and assigns jobs to everyone on the team.", "Hansel & Gretel: Witch Hunters __knowledge__ Hansel & Gretel: Witch Hunters is a 2013 dark fantasy action horror comedy film written and directed by Tommy Wirkola.", "Hansel & Gretel: Witch Hunters __knowledge__ It is a continuation to the German folklore fairy tale \"Hansel and Gretel\", in which the titular siblings are now grown up and working as a duo of witch exterminators for hire.", "Hansel & Gretel: Witch Hunters __knowledge__ The film stars Jeremy Renner, Gemma Arterton, Famke Janssen, Peter Stormare, Thomas Mann, Pihla Viitala and Derek Mears.", "Hansel & Gretel: Witch Hunters __knowledge__ Originally scheduled for release in March 2012, \"Hansel & Gretel\" was delayed for ten months to accommodate Renner's appearances in \"The Avengers\" and \"The Bourne Legacy\" and to give Wirkola time to shoot a post-credits scene.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring games, sketches, and other comedy routines from the NBC late night talk show \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\", and its predecessor, \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The sketches feature host Jimmy Fallon, house band The Roots, announcer/sidekick Steve Higgins, the show's writers, celebrity guests, and audience members.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Most of the skits below appeared only on \"Late Night\", while some have carried over to the \"Tonight Show\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Every Tuesday on the show, Jimmy weighs the pros and cons of a topic that's currently in the news, with the pros being the setups and the cons being the punchlines.", "Barbershop quartet __knowledge__ A barbershop quartet is a group of four singers who sing music in the barbershop genre of singing, which uses four-part harmony without accompaniment by any instruments such as piano, a style called a capella.", "Barbershop quartet __knowledge__ It consists of a lead, the vocal part which generally carries the tune/melody; a bass, the part which provides the bass line to the melody; a tenor, the part which harmonizes above the lead; and a baritone, the part that completes the chord with the note not being sung by the lead, bass, or tenor singers.", "Barbershop quartet __knowledge__ The baritone can sing either above or below the lead singer.", "Barbershop quartet __knowledge__ Quartets can be male or female, but are generally not mixed male and female.", "Race Through New York Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ Race Through New York Starring Jimmy Fallon is a 3D motion-simulator attraction at Universal Studios Florida based on Jimmy Fallon's tenure at \"The Tonight Show\".", "Race Through New York Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ It opened on April 6, 2017.", "Race Through New York Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\" is an American late-night talk show hosted by \"Saturday Night Live\" alum, Jimmy Fallon, on NBC.", "Race Through New York Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The show premiered on February 17, 2014, and it is the seventh incarnation of NBC's long-running \"Tonight Show\" franchise, with Fallon serving as the sixth host.", "Race Through New York Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The show also stars sidekick and announcer Steve Higgins and house band The Roots.", "Race Through New York Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ \"The Tonight Show\" originates from Studio 6B, where Johnny Carson's \"Tonight Show\" also was taped, in Rockefeller Center, New York City.", "Homer's Barbershop Quartet __knowledge__ \"Homer's Barbershop Quartet\" is the first episode of \"The Simpsons\" fifth season.", "Homer's Barbershop Quartet __knowledge__ It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on September 30, 1993.", "Homer's Barbershop Quartet __knowledge__ The episode was written by Jeff Martin and directed by Mark Kirkland.", "Homer's Barbershop Quartet __knowledge__ It features the Be Sharps, a barbershop quartet founded by Homer Simpson.", "Homer's Barbershop Quartet __knowledge__ The band's story roughly parallels that of The Beatles.", "Homer's Barbershop Quartet __knowledge__ George Harrison and David Crosby guest star as themselves, and The Dapper Dans provide the singing voices of the Be Sharps.", "Homer's Barbershop Quartet __knowledge__ The episode begins with the Simpson family as they attend a swap meet.", "Homer's Barbershop Quartet __knowledge__ There, Bart Simpson and his sister Lisa notice a picture of their father, Homer, on the cover of an old LP album.", "Late Night with Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ Late Night with Jimmy Fallon is an American late-night talk show hosted by comedian Jimmy Fallon.", "Late Night with Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The hour-long show, which premiered on March 2, 2009, and ended on February 7, 2014, aired weeknights at 12:35 am Eastern/11:35 pm Central on NBC in the United States.", "Late Night with Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The third incarnation of the \"Late Night\" franchise originated by David Letterman, the program originated from NBC Studio 6B (and Studio 6A for the final 6 months of its run) in the GE Building at 30 Rockefeller Center in New York City.", "Late Night with Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The show typically opened with a brief monologue from Fallon, followed by a comedy \"desk piece,\" as well as prerecorded segments and audience competitions.", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ The 2010 \"Tonight Show\" conflict was a media and public relations conflict involving American television network NBC and two of its then-late-night talk show hosts, Conan O'Brien and Jay Leno.", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ Leno, the host of long-running franchise \"The Tonight Show\" since 1992, and O'Brien, host of \"Late Night\" since 1993, were strong ratings leaders for the network for much of the decade.", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ When O'Brien's contract neared its end and he was courted by other networks in 2001, NBC extended his contract and essentially guaranteed him he would be the fifth host of \"The Tonight Show\".", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ The network neglected to let Leno know this until his contract extension in 2004, when they informed him he would remain host for five more years and then transition the show to O'Brien in 2009." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Barbershop vocal harmony, as codified during the barbershop revival era (1930s–present), is a style of a cappella close harmony, or unaccompanied vocal music, characterized by consonant four-part chords for every melody note in a predominantly homophonic texture.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Each of the four parts has its own role: generally, the lead sings the melody, the tenor harmonizes above the melody, the bass sings the lowest harmonizing notes, and the baritone completes the chord, usually below the lead.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ The melody is not usually sung by the tenor or baritone, except for an infrequent note or two to avoid awkward voice leading, in tags or codas, or when some appropriate embellishment can be created.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ One characteristic feature of barbershop harmony is the use of what is known as \"snakes\" and \"swipes.\"", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ This is when a chord is altered by a change in one or more non-melodic voices.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Occasional passages may be sung by fewer than four voice parts.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Barbershop music is generally performed by either a barbershop quartet, a group of four singers with one on each vocal part, or a barbershop chorus, which closely resembles a choir with the notable exception of the genre of music.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Female barbershop quartets are sometimes referred to as \"Sweet Adelines quartets\", in association with the organization of that name.", "Custody battle for Anna Mae He __knowledge__ Anna Mae He ( or He Sijia, born January 28, 1999 in the United States), was the subject of a custody battle between her Chinese biological parents, Shaoqiang (Jack) He (S: 贺绍强, T: 賀紹強, P: \"Hè Shàoqiáng\") and Qin Luo \"Casey\" He (S: 罗秦, T: 羅秦, \"Luó Qín\"), and her foster parents, Jerry and Louise Baker.", "Custody battle for Anna Mae He __knowledge__ The case received United States national media attention for years and revolved around the claim of Jerry and Louise Baker that Jack and Casey He abandoned their rights to the child when they signed a temporary custody order.", "Custody battle for Anna Mae He __knowledge__ Anna Mae He's father, Jack, came to the United States in 1995 on a student visa and attended Arizona State.", "Bass (voice type) __knowledge__ A bass ( ) is a type of classical male singing voice and has the lowest vocal range of all voice types.", "Bass (voice type) __knowledge__ According to \"The New Grove Dictionary of Opera\", a bass is typically classified as having a vocal range extending from around the second E below middle C to the E above middle C (i.e., E–E).", "Bass (voice type) __knowledge__ Its tessitura, or comfortable range, is normally defined by the outermost lines of the bass clef.", "Bass (voice type) __knowledge__ Categories of bass voices vary according to national style and classification system.", "Bass (voice type) __knowledge__ Italians favour subdividing basses into the \"basso cantante\" (singing bass), \"basso buffo\" (\"funny\" bass), or the dramatic \"basso profondo\" (low bass).", "Hydroxyethyl starch __knowledge__ Hydroxyethyl starch (HES/HAES), sold under the brand name Voluven among others, is a nonionic starch derivative, used as a volume expander in intravenous therapy.", "Hydroxyethyl starch __knowledge__ The use of HES on critically ill patients is associated with an increased risk of death and kidney problems.", "Hydroxyethyl starch __knowledge__ HES is a general term and can be sub-classified according to average molecular weight, molar substitution, concentration, C2/C6 ratio and Maximum Daily Dose.", "Hydroxyethyl starch __knowledge__ The European Medicines Agency commenced in June 2013 the process of agreeing to reduced indications which was completed in October 2013.", "Hydroxyethyl starch __knowledge__ An intravenous solution of hydroxyethyl starch is used to prevent shock following severe blood loss caused by trauma, surgery, or other problem.", "Heinkel HeS 8 __knowledge__ The Heinkel HeS 8 (prefix being an abbreviation for \"Heinkel Strahltriebwerke\"-Heinkel jet engine) was an early jet engine designed by Hans von Ohain while working at Heinkel.", "Heinkel HeS 8 __knowledge__ It was the first jet engine to be financially supported by the RLM, bearing the official name 109-001.", "Heinkel HeS 8 __knowledge__ Had development continued it would have been known as the Heinkel 001, but it does not appear this was used in practice.", "Heinkel HeS 8 __knowledge__ The HeS 8 was intended to power the Heinkel He 280 twin-engine fighter, although both Heinkel and von Ohain preferred the axial HeS 30.", "Heinkel HeS 8 __knowledge__ A lengthy gestation period meant it was finally becoming ready for production at about the same time as the Junkers Jumo 004 and BMW 003.", "Home Entertainment Suppliers __knowledge__ Home Entertainment Suppliers Pty.", "Home Entertainment Suppliers __knowledge__ Ltd. (or HES) is an Australian company that distributes computer games and gaming equipment.", "Home Entertainment Suppliers __knowledge__ HES' offices are based in Riverwood, Sydney.", "Home Entertainment Suppliers __knowledge__ HES's founder and managing director is MR Sebastian Giompaolo.", "Home Entertainment Suppliers __knowledge__ They began distributing Commodore 64 titles such as \"Pitfall!\"", "Home Entertainment Suppliers __knowledge__ in 1982 and \"Kung-Fu Master\" in 1985 and Atari 2600 titles nearing the end of the 1980s under the name Activision.", "Home Entertainment Suppliers __knowledge__ HES still remains a dominant distributor within Australia, despite not being well known.", "Home Entertainment Suppliers __knowledge__ HES currently is the distributor for Saitek, Gamester and Mad Catz joysticks, cables, memory cards, and other peripherals.", "Hans von Ohain __knowledge__ Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain (14 December 191113 March 1998), a German physicist, was the designer of the first \"operational\" jet engine.", "Hans von Ohain __knowledge__ His first design ran in March 1937, and it was one of his engines that powered the world's first flyable all-jet aircraft, the prototype of the Heinkel He 178 (He 178 V1) in late August 1939.", "Hans von Ohain __knowledge__ In spite of these early successes, other German designs quickly eclipsed Ohain's, and none of his engine designs entered widespread production or operational use.", "Hans von Ohain __knowledge__ Ohain started to develop his first turbojet engine designs independently during the same period that Frank Whittle was working on his own similar designs in Britain, and their turbojet designs are said by some to be an example of simultaneous invention.", "Heinkel HeS 30 __knowledge__ The HeS 30 \"(HeS - Heinkel Strahltriebwerke)\" was an early jet engine, originally designed by Adolf Müller at Junkers, but eventually built and tested at Heinkel.", "Heinkel HeS 30 __knowledge__ It was possibly the best of the \"Class I\" engines, a class that included the more famous BMW 003 and Junkers Jumo 004, but work on the design was stopped by the \"Reichluftfahrtministerium\" (RLM) as they felt the Heinkel team should put all their efforts into other designs.", "Heinkel HeS 30 __knowledge__ The HeS 30 was designed before the RLM introduced standardized naming for their engine projects.", "Heinkel HeS 30 __knowledge__ It was assigned the official name 109-006, and it was sometimes called the HeS 006 as a short form.", "Baritone __knowledge__ A baritone is a type of classical male singing voice whose vocal range lies between the bass and the tenor voice types.", "Baritone __knowledge__ It is the most common male voice.", "Baritone __knowledge__ Originally from the Greek , meaning \"heavy sounding\", music for this voice is typically written in the range from the second F below middle C to the F above middle C (i.e.", "Baritone __knowledge__ F–F) in choral music, and from the second A below middle C to the A above middle C (A to A) in operatic music, but can be extended at either end.", "Baritone __knowledge__ The baritone voice type is generally divided into the baryton-Martin baritone (light baritone), lyric baritone, \"Kavalierbariton\", Verdi baritone, dramatic baritone, \"baryton-noble\" baritone, and the bass-baritone.", "Plácido Domingo __knowledge__ José Plácido Domingo Embil, (; born 21 January 1941), known as Plácido Domingo, is a Spanish tenor, conductor and arts administrator.", "Plácido Domingo __knowledge__ He has recorded over a hundred complete operas and is well known for his versatility, regularly performing in Italian, French, German, Spanish, English and Russian in the most prestigious opera houses in the world.", "Plácido Domingo __knowledge__ Although primarily a \"lirico-spinto\" tenor for most of his career, especially popular for his Cavaradossi, Hoffmann, Don José, and Canio, he quickly moved into more dramatic roles, becoming the most acclaimed Otello of his generation.", "Plácido Domingo __knowledge__ In the early 2010s, he transitioned from the tenor repertory into almost exclusively baritone parts, most notably Simon Boccanegra.", "Alexandrov Ensemble soloists __knowledge__ This is an alphabetical list of the basso profondo, bass, bass-baritone and tenor soloists who have performed with the Alexandrov Ensemble (under its various titles) since its establishment in 1928.", "Alexandrov Ensemble soloists __knowledge__ It is difficult to differentiate between regular and guest soloists, since many have alternated between the one category and the other during their careers, so they are all listed together.", "Alexandrov Ensemble soloists __knowledge__ Soloists of whom no recordings have yet been found have been listed below as \"other soloists\".", "Alexandrov Ensemble soloists __knowledge__ Until April 2009, when this article was created, little or nothing was generally known outside Russia about these fine soloists: as a group, or (in most cases) as individuals.", "Baritone guitar __knowledge__ The baritone guitar is a guitar with a longer scale length, typically a larger body, and heavier internal bracing, so it can be tuned to a lower pitch.", "Baritone guitar __knowledge__ Gretsch, Fender, Gibson, Ibanez, ESP Guitars, PRS Guitars, Music Man, Danelectro, Schecter, Jerry Jones Guitars, Burns London and many other companies have produced electric baritone guitars since the 1960s, although always in small numbers due to low popularity.", "Baritone guitar __knowledge__ Tacoma, Santa Cruz, Taylor, Martin, Alvarez Guitars and others have made acoustic baritone guitars.", "Baritone guitar __knowledge__ The baritone guitar first appeared in classical music.", "Baritone guitar __knowledge__ The Danelectro Company was the first to introduce an electric baritone guitar in the late 1950s, and the instrument began to appear in surf music and background music for many movie soundtracks, especially spaghetti westerns.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Two anime adaptations were produced; one by Toei Animation, which aired from April 4, 1998 to October 10, 1998, and another produced by NAS and animated by Studio Gallop titled \"Yu-Gi-Oh!", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Duel Monsters\", which aired between April 2000 and September 2004.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ The manga series has spawned a franchise that includes multiple spin-off manga and anime series, a trading card game, and numerous video games.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Most of the incarnations of the franchise involve the fictional trading card game known as \"Duel Monsters\", where each player uses cards to \"duel\" each other in a mock battle of fantasy \"monsters\".", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ This forms the basis for the real life \"Yu-Gi-Oh!", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Elvis Aaron Presley (January 8, 1935 – August 16, 1977) was an American singer, musician, and actor.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Regarded as one of the most significant cultural icons of the 20th century, he is often referred to as the \"King of Rock and Roll\" or simply \"the King\".", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Presley was born in Tupelo, Mississippi, and relocated to Memphis, Tennessee, with his family when he was 13 years old.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ His music career began there in 1954, recording at Sun Records with producer Sam Phillips, who wanted to bring the sound of African American music to a wider audience.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Accompanied by guitarist Scotty Moore and bassist Bill Black, Presley was a pioneer of rockabilly, an uptempo, backbeat-driven fusion of country music and rhythm and blues.", "Baritone saxophone __knowledge__ The baritone saxophone or \"bari sax\", is one of the largest members of the saxophone family, only being smaller than the bass, contrabass and subcontrabass saxophones.", "Baritone saxophone __knowledge__ It is the lowest-pitched saxophone in common use.", "Baritone saxophone __knowledge__ The baritone saxophone uses a mouthpiece, reed, and ligature in order to produce sound.", "Baritone saxophone __knowledge__ It is larger than the tenor, alto and soprano saxophones, which are the other commonly found members of the family.", "Baritone saxophone __knowledge__ The baritone saxophone is commonly used in classical music.", "Baritone saxophone __knowledge__ Such as concert band, chamber music, military bands, jazz (such as big bands and jazz combos).", "Baritone saxophone __knowledge__ However, the baritone saxophone is not a commonly used as a solo instrument or in marching bands." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 7, 2, 2 ]

[ "I think Barbershop music is so beautiful. The harmonies are so pretty!", "ha ha!! Oh I get you that kind of Barbershop music. I am think the acapella kind!", "Yes, a barbershop quartet sung by four singers each with their own vocal part! I am sure the Jimmy Fallon version is quite funny though!", "Oh I am sure it does. They each have their own role. Including one of my favorite which is the baritone.", "yes the baritone is the lowest part. another part would be the tenor which is one of the higher parts." ]

[ "Barbershop music", "Barbershop music", "Barbershop music", "Barbershop music", "Barbershop music" ]

[ "Beetroot", "My mother loves beets, but I've never tried them. How are beets usually eaten?", "That's really interesting! Where are beets grown?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Beetroot __knowledge__ The beetroot is the taproot portion of the beet plant, usually known in North America as the beet, also table beet, garden beet, red beet, or golden beet.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ It is one of several of the cultivated varieties of \"Beta vulgaris\" grown for their edible taproots and their leaves (called beet greens).", "Beetroot __knowledge__ These varieties have been classified as \"B. vulgaris\" subsp.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ \"vulgaris\" Conditiva Group.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ Other than as a food, beets have use as a food colouring and as a medicinal plant.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ Many beet products are made from other \"Beta vulgaris\" varieties, particularly sugar beet.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ \"Beta\" is the ancient Latin name for beets, possibly of Celtic origin, becoming \"bete\" in Old English around 1400.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ From the Middle Ages, beetroot was used as a treatment for a variety of conditions, especially illnesses relating to digestion and the blood.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ Bartolomeo Platina recommended taking beetroot with garlic to nullify the effects of \"garlic-breath\".", "Beetroot __knowledge__ During the middle of the 19th century, wine often was coloured with beetroot juice.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ Below is a list of several commonly available cultivars of beets.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ Generally, 55 to 65 days are needed from germination to harvest of the root.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ All cultivars can be harvested earlier for use as greens.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ Unless otherwise noted, the root colours are shades of red and dark red with different degrees of zoning noticeable in slices." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Beetroot __knowledge__ The beetroot is the taproot portion of the beet plant, usually known in North America as the beet, also table beet, garden beet, red beet, or golden beet.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ It is one of several of the cultivated varieties of \"Beta vulgaris\" grown for their edible taproots and their leaves (called beet greens).", "Beetroot __knowledge__ These varieties have been classified as \"B. vulgaris\" subsp.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ \"vulgaris\" Conditiva Group.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ Other than as a food, beets have use as a food colouring and as a medicinal plant.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ Many beet products are made from other \"Beta vulgaris\" varieties, particularly sugar beet.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ \"Beta\" is the ancient Latin name for beets, possibly of Celtic origin, becoming \"bete\" in Old English around 1400.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ From the Middle Ages, beetroot was used as a treatment for a variety of conditions, especially illnesses relating to digestion and the blood.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ Bartolomeo Platina recommended taking beetroot with garlic to nullify the effects of \"garlic-breath\".", "Beetroot __knowledge__ During the middle of the 19th century, wine often was coloured with beetroot juice.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ Below is a list of several commonly available cultivars of beets.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ Generally, 55 to 65 days are needed from germination to harvest of the root.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ All cultivars can be harvested earlier for use as greens.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ Unless otherwise noted, the root colours are shades of red and dark red with different degrees of zoning noticeable in slices.", "Phat Beets Produce __knowledge__ Phat Beets Produce is an American non-profit food justice collective focusing on food justice in North Oakland, California, started by Max Cadji and Bret Brenner in 2007.", "Phat Beets Produce __knowledge__ Their programs include weekly farmer's markets (sourcing from local farmers of color), free produce stands, youth gardens, community supported agriculture programs (called the \"beet box\"), food and social justice workshops, and a kitchen and cafe cooperative.", "Phat Beets Produce __knowledge__ Cadji helps residents have access to nutritious food by coordinating between farmers, institutions, and low-income communities to utilize empty land for urban gardening.", "Phat Beets Produce __knowledge__ Their work addresses disadvantaged North Oakland residents, actively opposes the systematic forces of gentrification in the North Oakland Area, and stands in solidarity with criminal justice issues.", "Sugar beet __knowledge__ Sugar beet is a plant whose root contains a high concentration of sucrose and which is grown commercially for sugar production.", "Sugar beet __knowledge__ In plant breeding it is known as the Altissima cultivar group of the common beet (\"Beta vulgaris\").", "Sugar beet __knowledge__ Together with other beet cultivars, such as beetroot and chard, it belongs to the subspecies \"Beta vulgaris\" subsp.", "Sugar beet __knowledge__ \"vulgaris.\"", "Sugar beet __knowledge__ Its closest wild relative is the Sea beet (\"Beta vulgaris\" subsp.", "Sugar beet __knowledge__ \"maritima\").", "Sugar beet __knowledge__ In 2013, Russia, France, the United States, Germany, and Turkey were the world's five largest sugar beet producers.", "Sugar beet __knowledge__ In 2010–2011, North America and Europe did not produce enough sugar from sugar beets to meet overall demand for sugar and were all net importers of sugar.", "Utah-Idaho Sugar Company __knowledge__ The Utah-Idaho Sugar Company was a large sugar beet processing company based in Utah.", "Utah-Idaho Sugar Company __knowledge__ It was owned and controlled by the Utah-based Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) and its leaders.", "Utah-Idaho Sugar Company __knowledge__ It was notable for developing a valuable cash crop and processing facilities that was important to the economy of Utah and surrounding states.", "Utah-Idaho Sugar Company __knowledge__ It was part of the Sugar Trust, and subject to antitrust investigations by the U.S. Department of Justice, the Federal Trade Commission, and the Hardwick Committee.", "Utah-Idaho Sugar Company __knowledge__ Since sugar was primarily an imported product in the late 19th century, from areas that cultivate sugar cane and sugar beets, there was support in the United States to produce it internally and prevent the more than $500 million annually that was paid out for imports.", "Jarosław Fojut __knowledge__ Jarosław Fojut (born 17 October 1987) is a Polish footballer who plays as a centre back for Pogoń Szczecin in the Ekstraklasa.", "Jarosław Fojut __knowledge__ Fojut began his career in England, where he played for Bolton Wanderers and also spent time on loan with Luton Town and Stockport County.", "Jarosław Fojut __knowledge__ He subsequently returned to Poland with Śląsk Wrocław and also played for Tromsø IL in Norway and Dundee United in Scotland prior to joining Pogoń Szczecin in 2015.", "Jarosław Fojut __knowledge__ He has also competed at youth international level up to the Poland under-23 team.", "Jarosław Fojut __knowledge__ Fojut joined Bolton Wanderers in 2004.", "Jarosław Fojut __knowledge__ The defender made his first senior appearance for Bolton as a substitute (to replace Khalilou Fadiga), during the FA Cup Third Round 3–0 victory against Watford at Vicarage Road in 2006.", "Betty Lou Beets __knowledge__ Betty Lou Beets (March 12, 1937 – February 24, 2000) was a murderer executed in the U.S. state of Texas.", "Betty Lou Beets __knowledge__ She was convicted of shooting her fifth husband, Jimmy Don Beets, on August 6, 1983.", "Betty Lou Beets __knowledge__ Born Betty Lou Dunevant to Margaret Louise Smithwick (April 20, 1917 – June 16, 1993) and James Garland Dunevant (September 15, 1912 – February 14, 2003), Beets was hearing-impaired due to a childhood bout with measles and claimed she was sexually abused by her father.", "Betty Lou Beets __knowledge__ When Beets was a child the family moved from North Carolina to Hampton, Virginia where her father was employed as a machinist at the Langley Research Center.", "Beta vulgaris __knowledge__ Beta vulgaris (beet) is a plant which is included in Betoideae subfamily in the Amaranthaceae family.", "Beta vulgaris __knowledge__ It is the economically most important crop of the large order Caryophyllales.", "Beta vulgaris __knowledge__ It has several cultivar groups: the sugar beet, of greatest importance to produce table sugar; the root vegetable known as the beetroot or garden beet; the leaf vegetables chard and spinach beet; and mangelwurzel, which is a fodder crop.", "Beta vulgaris __knowledge__ Three subspecies are typically recognised.", "Beta vulgaris __knowledge__ All cultivars fall into the subspecies \"Beta vulgaris\" subsp.", "Beta vulgaris __knowledge__ \"vulgaris\".", "Beta vulgaris __knowledge__ The wild ancestor of the cultivated beets is the sea beet (\"Beta vulgaris\" subsp.", "Genetically modified sugar beet __knowledge__ A genetically modified sugar beet is a sugar beet that has been genetically engineered by the direct manipulation of its genome using biotechnology.", "Genetically modified sugar beet __knowledge__ Commercialized GM sugar beets make use of a glyphosate-resistance modification developed by Monsanto and KWS Saat.", "Genetically modified sugar beet __knowledge__ These glyphosate-resistant beets, also called 'Roundup Ready' sugar beets, were developed by 2000, but not commercialized until 2007.", "Genetically modified sugar beet __knowledge__ Sugar beets are allowed a Maximum Residue Limit of glyphosate of 15 mg/Kg for international trade.", "Genetically modified sugar beet __knowledge__ As of 2016, GM sugar beets are grown in the United States and Canada.", "Genetically modified sugar beet __knowledge__ In the United States, they play an important role in domestic sugar production.", "Borscht __knowledge__ Borscht () is a sour soup popular in several Eastern European cuisines, including Ukrainian, Russian, Polish, Belarusian, Lithuanian, Romanian, Ashkenazi Jewish and Armenian cuisines.", "Borscht __knowledge__ The variety most commonly associated with the name in English is of Ukrainian origin and includes beetroots as one of the main ingredients, which gives the dish its distinctive red color.", "Borscht __knowledge__ It shares the name, however, with a wide selection of sour-tasting soups without beetroots, such as sorrel-based green borscht, rye-based white borscht and cabbage borscht.", "Borscht __knowledge__ Borscht derives from an ancient soup originally cooked from pickled stems, leaves and umbels of common hogweed (\"Heracleum sphondylium\"), a herbaceous plant growing in damp meadows, which lent the dish its Slavic name.", "List of Beet the Vandel Buster characters __knowledge__ This is a list of Busters from the anime and manga series \"Beet the Vandel Buster\".", "List of Beet the Vandel Buster characters __knowledge__ Beet is a young boy who has always desired to be the strongest Buster.", "List of Beet the Vandel Buster characters __knowledge__ He aspires to be like his heroes, the Zenon Warriors, who are known as the strongest of all Busters.", "List of Beet the Vandel Buster characters __knowledge__ However, unknown to Beet, the leader of the Zenon Warriors is his brother.", "List of Beet the Vandel Buster characters __knowledge__ When Beet was a baby, Zenon wanted Beet to stay away from the path he chose, wanting him to live a life of peace which he tried to give him.", "List of Beet the Vandel Buster characters __knowledge__ One day, Beet told his heroes he had become a Buster, they quickly told him to quit, telling him he was not fit for such a thing.", "Beet necrotic yellow vein virus __knowledge__ Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) is a plant virus, transmitted by the plasmodiophorid \"Polymyxa betae.\"", "Beet necrotic yellow vein virus __knowledge__ The BNYVV is a member of the \"Benyvirus\" genus and is responsible for rhizomania, a disease of sugar beet (Rhizo: root; Mania: madness) that causes proliferation of thin rootlets, and leads to a smaller tap root with reduced sugar content.", "Beet necrotic yellow vein virus __knowledge__ Infected plants are less able to take up water, and wilting can be observed during the warm period of the year.", "Beet necrotic yellow vein virus __knowledge__ If the infection spreads to the whole plant, vein yellowing, necrosis and yellow spots appear on the leaves, giving the virus its name.", "Beet necrotic yellow vein virus __knowledge__ BNYVV Infects all of the following species: \"Beta vulgaris\" (beetroot), \"Beta vulgaris var." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Beetroot __knowledge__ The beetroot is the taproot portion of the beet plant, usually known in North America as the beet, also table beet, garden beet, red beet, or golden beet.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ It is one of several of the cultivated varieties of \"Beta vulgaris\" grown for their edible taproots and their leaves (called beet greens).", "Beetroot __knowledge__ These varieties have been classified as \"B. vulgaris\" subsp.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ \"vulgaris\" Conditiva Group.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ Other than as a food, beets have use as a food colouring and as a medicinal plant.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ Many beet products are made from other \"Beta vulgaris\" varieties, particularly sugar beet.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ \"Beta\" is the ancient Latin name for beets, possibly of Celtic origin, becoming \"bete\" in Old English around 1400.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ From the Middle Ages, beetroot was used as a treatment for a variety of conditions, especially illnesses relating to digestion and the blood.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ Bartolomeo Platina recommended taking beetroot with garlic to nullify the effects of \"garlic-breath\".", "Beetroot __knowledge__ During the middle of the 19th century, wine often was coloured with beetroot juice.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ Below is a list of several commonly available cultivars of beets.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ Generally, 55 to 65 days are needed from germination to harvest of the root.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ All cultivars can be harvested earlier for use as greens.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ Unless otherwise noted, the root colours are shades of red and dark red with different degrees of zoning noticeable in slices.", "Sugar beet __knowledge__ Sugar beet is a plant whose root contains a high concentration of sucrose and which is grown commercially for sugar production.", "Sugar beet __knowledge__ In plant breeding it is known as the Altissima cultivar group of the common beet (\"Beta vulgaris\").", "Sugar beet __knowledge__ Together with other beet cultivars, such as beetroot and chard, it belongs to the subspecies \"Beta vulgaris\" subsp.", "Sugar beet __knowledge__ \"vulgaris.\"", "Sugar beet __knowledge__ Its closest wild relative is the Sea beet (\"Beta vulgaris\" subsp.", "Sugar beet __knowledge__ \"maritima\").", "Sugar beet __knowledge__ In 2013, Russia, France, the United States, Germany, and Turkey were the world's five largest sugar beet producers.", "Sugar beet __knowledge__ In 2010–2011, North America and Europe did not produce enough sugar from sugar beets to meet overall demand for sugar and were all net importers of sugar.", "Genetically modified sugar beet __knowledge__ A genetically modified sugar beet is a sugar beet that has been genetically engineered by the direct manipulation of its genome using biotechnology.", "Genetically modified sugar beet __knowledge__ Commercialized GM sugar beets make use of a glyphosate-resistance modification developed by Monsanto and KWS Saat.", "Genetically modified sugar beet __knowledge__ These glyphosate-resistant beets, also called 'Roundup Ready' sugar beets, were developed by 2000, but not commercialized until 2007.", "Genetically modified sugar beet __knowledge__ Sugar beets are allowed a Maximum Residue Limit of glyphosate of 15 mg/Kg for international trade.", "Genetically modified sugar beet __knowledge__ As of 2016, GM sugar beets are grown in the United States and Canada.", "Genetically modified sugar beet __knowledge__ In the United States, they play an important role in domestic sugar production.", "Utah-Idaho Sugar Company __knowledge__ The Utah-Idaho Sugar Company was a large sugar beet processing company based in Utah.", "Utah-Idaho Sugar Company __knowledge__ It was owned and controlled by the Utah-based Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) and its leaders.", "Utah-Idaho Sugar Company __knowledge__ It was notable for developing a valuable cash crop and processing facilities that was important to the economy of Utah and surrounding states.", "Utah-Idaho Sugar Company __knowledge__ It was part of the Sugar Trust, and subject to antitrust investigations by the U.S. Department of Justice, the Federal Trade Commission, and the Hardwick Committee.", "Utah-Idaho Sugar Company __knowledge__ Since sugar was primarily an imported product in the late 19th century, from areas that cultivate sugar cane and sugar beets, there was support in the United States to produce it internally and prevent the more than $500 million annually that was paid out for imports.", "Phat Beets Produce __knowledge__ Phat Beets Produce is an American non-profit food justice collective focusing on food justice in North Oakland, California, started by Max Cadji and Bret Brenner in 2007.", "Phat Beets Produce __knowledge__ Their programs include weekly farmer's markets (sourcing from local farmers of color), free produce stands, youth gardens, community supported agriculture programs (called the \"beet box\"), food and social justice workshops, and a kitchen and cafe cooperative.", "Phat Beets Produce __knowledge__ Cadji helps residents have access to nutritious food by coordinating between farmers, institutions, and low-income communities to utilize empty land for urban gardening.", "Phat Beets Produce __knowledge__ Their work addresses disadvantaged North Oakland residents, actively opposes the systematic forces of gentrification in the North Oakland Area, and stands in solidarity with criminal justice issues.", "Beta vulgaris __knowledge__ Beta vulgaris (beet) is a plant which is included in Betoideae subfamily in the Amaranthaceae family.", "Beta vulgaris __knowledge__ It is the economically most important crop of the large order Caryophyllales.", "Beta vulgaris __knowledge__ It has several cultivar groups: the sugar beet, of greatest importance to produce table sugar; the root vegetable known as the beetroot or garden beet; the leaf vegetables chard and spinach beet; and mangelwurzel, which is a fodder crop.", "Beta vulgaris __knowledge__ Three subspecies are typically recognised.", "Beta vulgaris __knowledge__ All cultivars fall into the subspecies \"Beta vulgaris\" subsp.", "Beta vulgaris __knowledge__ \"vulgaris\".", "Beta vulgaris __knowledge__ The wild ancestor of the cultivated beets is the sea beet (\"Beta vulgaris\" subsp.", "Betty Lou Beets __knowledge__ Betty Lou Beets (March 12, 1937 – February 24, 2000) was a murderer executed in the U.S. state of Texas.", "Betty Lou Beets __knowledge__ She was convicted of shooting her fifth husband, Jimmy Don Beets, on August 6, 1983.", "Betty Lou Beets __knowledge__ Born Betty Lou Dunevant to Margaret Louise Smithwick (April 20, 1917 – June 16, 1993) and James Garland Dunevant (September 15, 1912 – February 14, 2003), Beets was hearing-impaired due to a childhood bout with measles and claimed she was sexually abused by her father.", "Betty Lou Beets __knowledge__ When Beets was a child the family moved from North Carolina to Hampton, Virginia where her father was employed as a machinist at the Langley Research Center.", "Steve Davis __knowledge__ Steve Davis, (born 22 August 1957) is an English retired professional snooker player from Plumstead, London.", "Steve Davis __knowledge__ Known for dominating the sport during the 1980s, when he won the World Championship six times and was ranked world number one for seven consecutive seasons, he is remembered particularly for contesting the 1985 World Championship final with Dennis Taylor, the black-ball conclusion of which attracted a record 18.5 million British viewers.", "Steve Davis __knowledge__ He is a well known public figure and is generally viewed by his peers as one of the greatest players of all time.", "Steve Davis __knowledge__ Until his retirement in 2016, Davis combined his ongoing playing career with his role as a television analyst and commentator for the BBC's snooker coverage, alongside being a DJ of electronic music on local radio station Phoenix FM and at the Bloc Weekend music festival.", "List of Beet the Vandel Buster characters __knowledge__ This is a list of Busters from the anime and manga series \"Beet the Vandel Buster\".", "List of Beet the Vandel Buster characters __knowledge__ Beet is a young boy who has always desired to be the strongest Buster.", "List of Beet the Vandel Buster characters __knowledge__ He aspires to be like his heroes, the Zenon Warriors, who are known as the strongest of all Busters.", "List of Beet the Vandel Buster characters __knowledge__ However, unknown to Beet, the leader of the Zenon Warriors is his brother.", "List of Beet the Vandel Buster characters __knowledge__ When Beet was a baby, Zenon wanted Beet to stay away from the path he chose, wanting him to live a life of peace which he tried to give him.", "List of Beet the Vandel Buster characters __knowledge__ One day, Beet told his heroes he had become a Buster, they quickly told him to quit, telling him he was not fit for such a thing.", "Red Beet Records __knowledge__ Red Beet Records is an independent record label based in Nashville, Tennessee.", "Red Beet Records __knowledge__ In 2003, label founder Eric Brace and his band Last Train Home moved to East Nashville from the Washington, D.C. area.", "Red Beet Records __knowledge__ Brace had been a journalist at The Washington Post, and had run the Top Records label.", "Red Beet Records __knowledge__ Brace and Mary Ann Werner launched the Red Beet label in 2005, and they were soon joined by close friend Peter Cooper, musician, composer, and music writer for The Tennessean.", "Red Beet Records __knowledge__ While Red Beet Records releases recordings by individual artists, one of their strengths has been compilations and collaborations by multiple artists.", "Borscht __knowledge__ Borscht () is a sour soup popular in several Eastern European cuisines, including Ukrainian, Russian, Polish, Belarusian, Lithuanian, Romanian, Ashkenazi Jewish and Armenian cuisines.", "Borscht __knowledge__ The variety most commonly associated with the name in English is of Ukrainian origin and includes beetroots as one of the main ingredients, which gives the dish its distinctive red color.", "Borscht __knowledge__ It shares the name, however, with a wide selection of sour-tasting soups without beetroots, such as sorrel-based green borscht, rye-based white borscht and cabbage borscht.", "Borscht __knowledge__ Borscht derives from an ancient soup originally cooked from pickled stems, leaves and umbels of common hogweed (\"Heracleum sphondylium\"), a herbaceous plant growing in damp meadows, which lent the dish its Slavic name.", "Beet leafhopper __knowledge__ The beet leafhopper (\"Circulifer tenellus\"), also sometimes known as \"Neoaliturus tenellus\", is a species of leafhopper which belongs to the family Cicadellidae in the order Hemiptera.", "Beet leafhopper __knowledge__ A lot of morphological diversity has been reported among populations of the beet leafhopper in the United States.", "Beet leafhopper __knowledge__ Morphological descriptions of two different populations of beet leafhoppers from California and Mexico are presented here.", "Beet leafhopper __knowledge__ The leaf hopper is described as a small insect, 3 – 3.5 mm in length, which is often greenish yellow, tan or olive in colour.", "Beet leafhopper __knowledge__ The leaf hopper may have darker markings on its wings, pronotum, abdomen and head if it has developed during colder temperatures." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 7 ]

[ "Do you know beetroot? beetroot is the taproot portion of the beet plant, usually known in North America as the beet ", "Some eat it raw and some cooked. It is also calledtable beet, garden beet, red beet, or golden beet. ", "\"Beta\" is the ancient Latin name for beets, possibly of Celtic origin, becoming \"bete\" " ]

[ "Beetroot", "Beetroot", "Beetroot" ]

[ "Canada", "I want to visit there too! I have friends that live there. It can get very cold during the winter months though.", "Do you know if there are any attractions to visit if I do go there?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Canada __knowledge__ Canada (; ) is a country located in the northern part of North America.", "Canada __knowledge__ Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering , making it the world's second-largest country by total area.", "Canada __knowledge__ Canada's southern border with the United States is the world's longest bi-national land border.", "Canada __knowledge__ The majority of the country has a cold or severely cold winter climate, but southern areas are warm in summer.", "Canada __knowledge__ Canada is sparsely populated, the majority of its land territory being dominated by forest and tundra and the Rocky Mountains.", "Canada __knowledge__ It is highly urbanized with 82 percent of the 35.15 million people concentrated in large and medium-sized cities, many near the southern border.", "Canada __knowledge__ Its capital is Ottawa, and its three largest metropolitan areas are Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver.", "Canada __knowledge__ Various indigenous peoples have inhabited what is now Canada for thousands of years prior to European colonization.", "Canada __knowledge__ Beginning in the 16th century, the British and French established colonies, the first being the colony of Canada established by France in 1535.", "Canada __knowledge__ As a consequence of various armed conflicts, British North America gained and lost territory until, by the late 18th century, it controlled most of what comprises Canada today." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Canada __knowledge__ Canada (; ) is a country located in the northern part of North America.", "Canada __knowledge__ Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering , making it the world's second-largest country by total area.", "Canada __knowledge__ Canada's southern border with the United States is the world's longest bi-national land border.", "Canada __knowledge__ The majority of the country has a cold or severely cold winter climate, but southern areas are warm in summer.", "Canada __knowledge__ Canada is sparsely populated, the majority of its land territory being dominated by forest and tundra and the Rocky Mountains.", "Canada __knowledge__ It is highly urbanized with 82 percent of the 35.15 million people concentrated in large and medium-sized cities, many near the southern border.", "Canada __knowledge__ Its capital is Ottawa, and its three largest metropolitan areas are Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver.", "Canada __knowledge__ Various indigenous peoples have inhabited what is now Canada for thousands of years prior to European colonization.", "Canada __knowledge__ Beginning in the 16th century, the British and French established colonies, the first being the colony of Canada established by France in 1535.", "Canada __knowledge__ As a consequence of various armed conflicts, British North America gained and lost territory until, by the late 18th century, it controlled most of what comprises Canada today.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ This list of ecoregions of North America provides an overview of North American ecoregions designated by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC) in its North American Environmental Atlas.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ It should not be confused with Wikipedia articles based on the classification system developed by the World Wildlife Fund, such as List of ecoregions (WWF) and Lists of ecoregions by country.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ The commission was established in 1994 by the member states of Canada, Mexico, and the United States to address regional environmental concerns under the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC), the environmental side accord to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "Climate of Argentina __knowledge__ The climate of Argentina is a complex subject: the vast size of the country and considerable variation in altitude make for a wide range of climate types.", "Climate of Argentina __knowledge__ Argentina has four seasons: winter (June–August), spring (September–November), summer (December–February) and autumn (March–May), all featuring different weather conditions.", "Climate of Argentina __knowledge__ Summers are the warmest and wettest season in most of the country except in most of Patagonia where it is the driest season.", "Climate of Argentina __knowledge__ Winters are normally mild in the north, cool in the center and cold in the southern parts with the latter experiencing frequent frost and snow.", "Climate of Argentina __knowledge__ Because southern parts of the country are moderated by the surrounding oceans, the cold is less intense and prolonged than areas at comparable latitudes in the northern hemisphere.", "Climatic regions of Argentina __knowledge__ Due to its vast size and range of altitudes, Argentina possesses a wide variety of climatic regions, ranging from the hot subtropical region in the north to the cold subantarctic in the far south.", "Climatic regions of Argentina __knowledge__ Lying between those is the Pampas region, featuring a mild and humid climate.", "Climatic regions of Argentina __knowledge__ Many regions have different, often contrasting, microclimates.", "Climatic regions of Argentina __knowledge__ In general, Argentina has four main climate types: warm, moderate, arid, and cold in which the relief features, and the latitudinal extent of the country, determine the different varieties within the main climate types.", "Climatic regions of Argentina __knowledge__ Northern parts of the country are characterized by hot, humid summers with mild, drier winters, and highly seasonal precipitation.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Having reformed from his violent ways, Bigby (a.k.a.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ the Big Bad Wolf) became the cigarette-smoking, trench coat-clad sheriff of Fabletown.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is extremely cunning and resourceful, in addition to being an excellent detective.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Due to Snow White's possession of a lycanthropy-stained knife, he is now a werewolf and can change between wolf form, human form and an intermediate \"wolfman\" stage at will (in \"The Great Fables Crossover\", it is revealed that Bigby's nature as one of the North Wind's sons allows him to change forms at will).", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is the son of the North Wind, and, as such, has control over the lower-tier winds, plus the \"huff and puff\" of legend.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters in the television series \"Mad Men\", all of whom have appeared in multiple episodes.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Donald \"Don\" Draper (né Dick Whitman; Jon Hamm) born 1926, is the creative director at Sterling Cooper Advertising Agency; he eventually rises to become a partner.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ He later becomes a founding partner at Sterling Cooper Draper Pryce.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Draper is the series' protagonist, and more storylines focus on him than on other characters.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Margaret \"Peggy\" Olson (Elisabeth Moss), upon introduction, is the ostensibly naïve \"new girl\" at Sterling Cooper.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ She was originally Draper's secretary, but showed surprising talent and initiative, including a knack—similar to Draper's—for understanding the consumer's mind.", "All I Really Want to Do (album) __knowledge__ All I Really Want to Do is the debut solo studio album by American singer-actress Cher and was released on October 16, 1965, by Imperial Records.", "All I Really Want to Do (album) __knowledge__ The album was produced for Cher by her then husband and singing partner, Sonny Bono, with contributions from arranger Harold Battiste.", "All I Really Want to Do (album) __knowledge__ The album is by-and-large a collection of cover versions but does contain three songs written by Bono.", "All I Really Want to Do (album) __knowledge__ Upon its release, the album was well received by critics and garnered positive reviews.", "All I Really Want to Do (album) __knowledge__ At the same time that the duo Sonny & Cher were debuting on Atco Records, Sonny Bono arranged a solo deal for Cher on the Imperial label.", "All I Really Want to Do __knowledge__ \"All I Really Want to Do\" is a song written by Bob Dylan and featured on his Tom Wilson-produced 1964 album, \"Another Side of Bob Dylan\" (\"see\" 1964 in music).", "All I Really Want to Do __knowledge__ It is arguably one of the most popular songs that Dylan wrote in the period immediately after he abandoned topical songwriting.", "All I Really Want to Do __knowledge__ Within a year of its release on \"Another Side of Bob Dylan\", it had also become one of Dylan's most familiar songs to pop and rock audiences, due to hit cover versions by Cher and the Byrds.", "All I Really Want to Do __knowledge__ \"All I Really Want to Do\" was first released on Dylan's 1964 album \"Another Side of Bob Dylan\".", "All I Really Want to Do __knowledge__ The song was also included on the Dylan compilations \"Bob Dylan's Greatest Hits Vol.", "Canada–United States relations __knowledge__ Relations between Canada and the United States of America historically have been extensive, given a shared border and ever-increasing close cultural, economical ties and similarities.", "Canada–United States relations __knowledge__ The shared historical and cultural heritage has resulted in one of the most stable and mutually beneficial international relationships in the world.", "Canada–United States relations __knowledge__ For both countries, the level of trade with the other is at the top of the annual combined import-export total.", "Canada–United States relations __knowledge__ Tourism and migration between the two nations have increased rapport, but border security was heightened after the terrorist attacks in the United States on September 11, 2001.", "Foreign policy of Donald Trump __knowledge__ This article describes the foreign policy positions taken by Donald Trump during his 2016 presidential campaign.", "Foreign policy of Donald Trump __knowledge__ In a \"New York Times\" interview in July 2016, Presidential Nominee Trump \"repeatedly defined American global interests almost purely in economic terms,\" with the nation's \"roles as a peacekeeper, as a provider of a nuclear deterrent against adversaries like North Korea, as an advocate of human rights and as a guarantor of allies' borders\" being \"quickly reduced to questions of economic benefit to the United States.\"", "Foreign policy of Donald Trump __knowledge__ A 68-page document likely written by and under the direction of the Trump administration's national security adviser, Lt. Gen. H.R.", "Do You Really Want to Hurt Me __knowledge__ \"Do You Really Want to Hurt Me\" is a song written and recorded by the British new wave band Culture Club.", "Do You Really Want to Hurt Me __knowledge__ Released as a single in September 1982 from the group's platinum-selling debut album \"Kissing to Be Clever\", it was the band's first UK #1 hit.", "Do You Really Want to Hurt Me __knowledge__ In the United States, the single was released in November 1982 and also became a huge hit, reaching #2 for three weeks.", "Do You Really Want to Hurt Me __knowledge__ \"Do You Really Want to Hurt Me\" was the third single released in Europe by Culture Club and their debut release in the United States and Canada.", "Do You Really Want to Hurt Me __knowledge__ The song was picked up by BBC Radio 2 and became a UK #1 single for three weeks in October 1982.", "History of monarchy in Canada __knowledge__ The history of monarchy in Canada stretches from pre-colonial times through to the present day.", "History of monarchy in Canada __knowledge__ Canada's monarchical status began with the establishment of the French colony of New France in the name of King Francis I in 1534; although a previous claim was made by England in the name of King Henry VII in 1497 when John Cabot made landfall in what is thought to be modern day Newfoundland or Nova Scotia.", "History of monarchy in Canada __knowledge__ Through both these lineages, the present Canadian monarchy can trace itself back to the Anglo-Saxon period and ultimately to the kings of the Angles and the early Scottish kings.", "History of monarchy in Canada __knowledge__ Kings and queens reigning over Canada have included the monarchs of France (to King Louis XV in 1763), those of the United Kingdom (to King George V in 1931), and those of Canada (to Queen Elizabeth II as Queen of Canada today).", "Foreign policy of the Donald Trump administration __knowledge__ The foreign policy of the Donald Trump administration stated aims include a focus on security, by fighting terrorists abroad and strengthening border defenses and immigration controls; an expansion of the U.S. military; an \"America First\" approach to trade; and diplomacy whereby \"old enemies become friends\".", "Foreign policy of the Donald Trump administration __knowledge__ It is inspired by foreign policy positions expressed by Donald Trump during his presidential campaign.", "Foreign policy of the Donald Trump administration __knowledge__ However, during the campaign his stated positions changed frequently, so that it was \"difficult to glean a political agenda, or even a set of clear, core policy values ahead of his presidency.\"" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Canada __knowledge__ Canada (; ) is a country located in the northern part of North America.", "Canada __knowledge__ Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering , making it the world's second-largest country by total area.", "Canada __knowledge__ Canada's southern border with the United States is the world's longest bi-national land border.", "Canada __knowledge__ The majority of the country has a cold or severely cold winter climate, but southern areas are warm in summer.", "Canada __knowledge__ Canada is sparsely populated, the majority of its land territory being dominated by forest and tundra and the Rocky Mountains.", "Canada __knowledge__ It is highly urbanized with 82 percent of the 35.15 million people concentrated in large and medium-sized cities, many near the southern border.", "Canada __knowledge__ Its capital is Ottawa, and its three largest metropolitan areas are Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver.", "Canada __knowledge__ Various indigenous peoples have inhabited what is now Canada for thousands of years prior to European colonization.", "Canada __knowledge__ Beginning in the 16th century, the British and French established colonies, the first being the colony of Canada established by France in 1535.", "Canada __knowledge__ As a consequence of various armed conflicts, British North America gained and lost territory until, by the late 18th century, it controlled most of what comprises Canada today.", "Disneyland __knowledge__ Disneyland Park, originally Disneyland, is the first of two theme parks built at the Disneyland Resort in Anaheim, California, opened on July 16, 1955 for invite only but opened to the public on July 17, 1955.", "Disneyland __knowledge__ It is the only theme park designed and built under the direct supervision of Walt Disney.", "Disneyland __knowledge__ It was originally the only attraction on the property; its official name was changed to Disneyland Park to distinguish it from the expanding complex in the 1990s.", "Disneyland __knowledge__ Walt Disney came up with the concept of Disneyland after visiting various amusement parks with his daughters in the 1930s and 1940s.", "Disneyland __knowledge__ He initially envisioned building a tourist attraction adjacent to his studios in Burbank to entertain fans who wished to visit; however, he soon realized that the proposed site was too small.", "Amusement park __knowledge__ An amusement park is a park that features various attractions, such as rides and games, as well as other events for entertainment purposes.", "Amusement park __knowledge__ A theme park is a type of amusement park that bases its structures and attractions around a central theme, often featuring multiple areas with different themes.", "Amusement park __knowledge__ Unlike temporary and mobile funfairs and carnivals, amusement parks are stationary and built for long-lasting operation.", "Amusement park __knowledge__ They are more elaborate than city parks and playgrounds, usually providing attractions that cater to a variety of age groups.", "Amusement park __knowledge__ While amusement parks often contain themed areas, theme parks place a heavier focus with more intricately-designed themes that revolve around a particular subject or group of subjects.", "Tourism in Ecuador __knowledge__ Ecuador is a country with vast natural and cultural wealth.", "Tourism in Ecuador __knowledge__ The diversity of its four regions has resulted in hundreds of thousands of species of flora and fauna.", "Tourism in Ecuador __knowledge__ It has about 1640 species of birds.", "Tourism in Ecuador __knowledge__ The species of butterflies line the 4,500, the 345 reptiles, 358 amphibians and 258 mammals, among others.", "Tourism in Ecuador __knowledge__ Ecuador is considered one of the 17 countries where the greatest biodiversity of the planet is concentrated.", "Tourism in Ecuador __knowledge__ Most of its flora and fauna live in 26 areas protected by the State.", "Tourism in Ecuador __knowledge__ It also offers historical attractions such as Quito, food and a variety of cultures and traditions.", "Tourism in Ecuador __knowledge__ Ecuador is crossed from north to south by a volcanic section of Andes 70  volcanos, being the higher the Chimborazo, with 6310 m West of the Andes is the Gulf of Guayaquil and a wooded plain; at east, the Amazon.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Elvis Costello __knowledge__ Declan Patrick MacManus (born 25 August 1954), better known by his stage name Elvis Costello, is an English musician, singer-songwriter, and record producer.", "Elvis Costello __knowledge__ He began his career as part of London's pub rock scene in the early 1970s and later became associated with the first wave of the British punk and new wave movement that emerged in the mid-to-late 1970s.", "Elvis Costello __knowledge__ His critically acclaimed debut album, \"My Aim Is True\", was released in 1977.", "Elvis Costello __knowledge__ Shortly after recording it, he formed the Attractions as his backing band.", "Elvis Costello __knowledge__ His second album, \"This Year's Model\", was released in 1978, and was ranked number 11 by \"Rolling Stone\" on its list of the best albums from 1967–1987.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province __knowledge__ Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province (, \"Ostān-e Chahār-Mahāl-o Bakhtiyārī\" ) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran.", "Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province __knowledge__ It lies in the southwestern part of the country.", "Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province __knowledge__ Its capital is Shahr-e Kord.", "Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province __knowledge__ The province was put as part of Region 2 upon the division of the provinces into 5 regions solely for coordination and development purposes on June 22, 2014.", "Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province __knowledge__ It has an area of 16,332 square kilometers, and had a population of 895,263 in 2011.", "Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province __knowledge__ The history of the province is tied to that of the Bakhtiari tribe.", "Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province __knowledge__ The Bakhtiari tribe can be divided into two sub-tribes, \"Haft Lang\" and \"Chahar Lang\" with various territorial affiliations and they are the main speakers of Lurish language.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ This list of ecoregions of North America provides an overview of North American ecoregions designated by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC) in its North American Environmental Atlas.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ It should not be confused with Wikipedia articles based on the classification system developed by the World Wildlife Fund, such as List of ecoregions (WWF) and Lists of ecoregions by country.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ The commission was established in 1994 by the member states of Canada, Mexico, and the United States to address regional environmental concerns under the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC), the environmental side accord to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).", "Quebec __knowledge__ Quebec (, ; ) is one of the thirteen provinces and territories of Canada.", "Quebec __knowledge__ It is bordered to the west by the province of Ontario and the bodies of water James Bay and Hudson Bay; to the north by Hudson Strait and Ungava Bay; to the east by the Gulf of Saint Lawrence and the province of Newfoundland and Labrador; and to the south by the province of New Brunswick and the US states of Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, and New York.", "Quebec __knowledge__ It also shares maritime borders with Nunavut, Prince Edward Island, and Nova Scotia.", "Quebec __knowledge__ Quebec is Canada's largest province by area and its second-largest administrative division; only the territory of Nunavut is larger.", "Reindeer __knowledge__ The reindeer (\"Rangifer tarandus\"), also known as caribou in North America, is a species of deer with circumpolar distribution, native to arctic, subarctic, tundra, boreal, and mountainous regions of northern Europe, Siberia, and North America.", "Reindeer __knowledge__ This includes both sedentary and migratory populations.", "Reindeer __knowledge__ \"Rangifer\" herd size varies greatly in different geographic regions.", "Reindeer __knowledge__ The Taimyr herd of migrating tundra reindeer (\"R.t. sibiricus\") in Russia is the largest wild reindeer herd in the world, with numbers varying between 400,000 and 1,000,000.", "Reindeer __knowledge__ The second largest is the migratory woodland caribou (\"R.t. caribou\") George River herd in Canada, with variations between 28,000 and 385,000.", "Geography of Russia __knowledge__ The geography of Russia describes the geographic features of Russia, a country extending over much of northern Eurasia.", "Geography of Russia __knowledge__ Comprising much of eastern Europe and northern Asia, it is the world's largest country in total area.", "Geography of Russia __knowledge__ Due to its size, Russia displays both monotony and diversity.", "Geography of Russia __knowledge__ As with its topography, its climates, vegetation, and soils span vast distances.", "Geography of Russia __knowledge__ From north to south the East European Plain is clad sequentially in tundra, coniferous forest (taiga), mixed and broadleaf forests, grassland (steppe), and semi-desert (fringing the Caspian Sea) as the changes in vegetation reflect the changes in climate.", "Brown bear __knowledge__ The brown bear (\"Ursus arctos\") is the most widely distributed bear and is found across much of northern Eurasia and North America.", "Brown bear __knowledge__ It is one of the largest living terrestrial members of the order Carnivora, rivaled in body size only by its close cousin, the polar bear (\"Ursus maritimus\"), which is much less variable in size and slightly larger on average.", "Brown bear __knowledge__ The brown bear's principal range includes parts of Russia, Central Asia, China, Canada, the United States (mostly Alaska), Scandinavia, and the Carpathian region (especially Romania), Anatolia, and Caucasus.", "Brown bear __knowledge__ The brown bear is recognized as a national and state animal in several European countries.", "Finland __knowledge__ Finland (; ; ), officially the Republic of Finland (, ) is a sovereign state in Northern Europe.", "Finland __knowledge__ The country has land borders with Sweden to the northwest, Norway to the north, and Russia to the east.", "Finland __knowledge__ To the south is the Gulf of Finland with Estonia on the opposite side.", "Finland __knowledge__ Finland is a Nordic country and, together with Scandinavia, is situated in the geographical region of Fennoscandia.", "Finland __knowledge__ Finland's population is 5.5 million (2016), and the majority of the population is concentrated in the southern region.", "Finland __knowledge__ 88.7% of the population is Finnish and speaks Finnish, a Uralic language unrelated to the Scandinavian languages; next come the Finland-Swedes (5.3%)." ] ]

[ 1, 5, 7 ]

[ "I really want to visit Canada, such a beautiful country in North America", "It does, not as cold as in Russia though lol Canada is sparsely populated, majority of its land territory is dominated by forest and tundra", "Don't know much about attractions but i've heard Ottawa, Toronto and Vancouver are very beautiful" ]

[ "Canada", "Canada", "Canada" ]

[ "A Song of Ice and Fire\nI enjoy reading the Game of Throne series.", "I like them all and that series sounds nice too. What is it about?", "When did it come out?", "How successful have they been?", "How many films have been made?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ A Song of Ice and Fire is a series of epic fantasy novels by the American novelist and screenwriter George R. R. Martin.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ He began the first volume of the series, \"A Game of Thrones\", in 1991 and had it published in 1996.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ Martin, who initially envisioned the series as a trilogy, has published five out of a planned seven volumes.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The fifth and most recent volume of the series published in 2011, \"A Dance with Dragons\", took Martin six years to write.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ He is still writing the sixth novel, \"The Winds of Winter\".", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" takes place on the fictional continents Westeros and Essos.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The point of view of each chapter in the story is a limited perspective of a range of characters growing from nine, in the first novel, to thirty-one by the fifth.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ Three main stories interweave a dynastic war among several families for control of Westeros, the rising threat of the supernatural Others in the northernmost reaches of Westeros, and the ambition of Daenerys Targaryen, the deposed king's exiled daughter, to assume the Iron Throne.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ Martin's inspirations included the Wars of the Roses and the French historical novels \"The Accursed Kings\" by Maurice Druon.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" received praise for its diverse portrayal of women and religion, as well as its realism.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ Reading education is the process by which individuals are taught to derive meaning from text.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ Government-funded research on reading and reading instruction in the United States began in the 1960s.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ In the 1970s and 1980s, researchers began publishing findings based on converging evidence from multiple studies.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ However, these findings have been slow to move into typical classroom practice.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ Proficient reading is equally dependent on two critical skills: the ability to understand the language in which the text is written, and the ability to recognize and process printed text.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ Each of these competencies is likewise dependent on lower level skills and cognitive abilities.", "Extensive reading __knowledge__ Extensive reading, free reading, book flood, or reading for pleasure is a way of language learning, including foreign language learning, through large amounts of reading.", "Extensive reading __knowledge__ As well as facilitating acquisition and learning of vocabulary, it is believed to increase motivation through positive affective benefits.", "Extensive reading __knowledge__ It is believed that extensive reading is an important factor in education.", "Extensive reading __knowledge__ Proponents such as Krashen (1989) claim that reading alone will increase encounters with unknown words, bringing learning opportunities by inferencing.", "Extensive reading __knowledge__ The learner's encounters with unknown words in specific contexts will allow the learner to infer and thus learn those words' meanings.", "Death Note __knowledge__ \"Death Note\" was first serialized in Shueisha's manga magazine \"Weekly Shōnen Jump\" from December 2003 to May 2006.", "Death Note __knowledge__ The 108 chapters were collected and published into 12 \"tankōbon\" volumes between May 2004 and October 2006.", "Death Note __knowledge__ An anime television adaptation aired in Japan from October 3, 2006 to June 26, 2007.", "Death Note __knowledge__ Composed of 37 episodes, the anime was developed by Madhouse and directed by Tetsuro Araki.", "Death Note __knowledge__ A light novel based on the series, written by Nisio Isin, was also released in 2006.", "Death Note __knowledge__ Additionally, various video games have been published by Konami for the Nintendo DS.", "Death Note __knowledge__ The series was adapted into three live-action films released in Japan on June 17, 2006, , and , and a television drama in 2015.", "Sponsors of Literacy __knowledge__ Sponsors of Literacy is an idea originally proposed by Deborah Brandt in her 1998 article also called “Sponsors of Literacy.” In Brandt’s view, sponsors of literacy are “any agents, local or distant, concrete or abstract, who enable, support, teach, model, as well as recruit, regulate, suppress, or withhold literacy—and gain advantage by it in some way.” Sponsors of literacy are anyone who is involved with literacy, whether reading or writing.", "Sponsors of Literacy __knowledge__ Some are directly connected to literacy processes, such as teachers instructing young children to read.", "Sponsors of Literacy __knowledge__ Others have less obvious connections, such as government policies that affect how individuals can achieve their literacy potential.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Dongguan library __knowledge__ Dongguan Library () is a prefecture-level city public library in Dongguan, Guangdong province, People's Republic of China.", "Dongguan library __knowledge__ In a twisted form of the lowercase letter “e”, the blue symbol is an icon of Dongguan library and its branches.", "Dongguan library __knowledge__ The e icon stands for the digitalized and networked library.", "Dongguan library __knowledge__ It looks like two stacked books as well as an open house which symbolizes that the library of “e” era is an open space integrating traditional and modern information in one for knowledge communication and interaction.", "Dongguan library __knowledge__ In Dongguan, when you find a library with this “e” label, you can feel free to enter and enjoy reading without any credentials.", "Alison Baird __knowledge__ Alison Baird is the author of \"The Hidden World\", \"The Wolves of Woden\", \"The Dragon's Egg\", and \"White as the Waves\".", "Alison Baird __knowledge__ She was honored by the Canadian Children's Book Centre, is a Silver Birch Award regional winner, and she was a finalist for the IODE Violet Downey Book Award.", "Alison Baird __knowledge__ She lives in Oakville, Ontario.", "Alison Baird __knowledge__ She received a B.A.", "Alison Baird __knowledge__ (Honours) in English and an M.A.", "Alison Baird __knowledge__ from Trinity College at the University of Toronto.", "Alison Baird __knowledge__ She also wrote the Willowmere Chronicles, a series of three books about a revenant (a person who has been reincarnated) named Clair Norton.", "Alison Baird __knowledge__ The three books are \"The Witches of Willowmere\", \"The Warding of Willowmere\", and \"The Wyrd of Willowmere\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ A Song of Ice and Fire is a series of epic fantasy novels by the American novelist and screenwriter George R. R. Martin.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ He began the first volume of the series, \"A Game of Thrones\", in 1991 and had it published in 1996.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ Martin, who initially envisioned the series as a trilogy, has published five out of a planned seven volumes.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The fifth and most recent volume of the series published in 2011, \"A Dance with Dragons\", took Martin six years to write.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ He is still writing the sixth novel, \"The Winds of Winter\".", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" takes place on the fictional continents Westeros and Essos.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The point of view of each chapter in the story is a limited perspective of a range of characters growing from nine, in the first novel, to thirty-one by the fifth.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ Three main stories interweave a dynastic war among several families for control of Westeros, the rising threat of the supernatural Others in the northernmost reaches of Westeros, and the ambition of Daenerys Targaryen, the deposed king's exiled daughter, to assume the Iron Throne.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ Martin's inspirations included the Wars of the Roses and the French historical novels \"The Accursed Kings\" by Maurice Druon.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" received praise for its diverse portrayal of women and religion, as well as its realism.", "Je t'aime... moi non plus __knowledge__ \"Je t'aime… moi non plus\" (French for \"I love you… neither do I\") is a song written by Serge Gainsbourg, for Brigitte Bardot in 1967, who dueted in an early version not released until 1986.", "Je t'aime... moi non plus __knowledge__ In 1969, Gainsbourg recorded the most well known version with Jane Birkin.", "Je t'aime... moi non plus __knowledge__ The duet reached number one in the UK, and number two in Ireland, and was banned in several countries due to its overtly sexual content.", "Je t'aime... moi non plus __knowledge__ In 1976, Gainsbourg directed Birkin in an erotic film of the same name.", "Je t'aime... moi non plus __knowledge__ The song was written for and recorded with Gainsbourg's girlfriend, Brigitte Bardot, in late 1967.", "Je t'aime... moi non plus __knowledge__ Bardot asked him to write the most beautiful love song he could imagine and that night he wrote \"Je t'aime\" and \"Bonnie and Clyde\".", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Pet Sounds is the eleventh studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released on May 16, 1966.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ It initially met with a lukewarm critical and commercial response in the United States, peaking at number 10 in the \"Billboard\" 200, a significantly lower placement than the band's preceding albums.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the album was hailed by its music press and was an immediate commercial success, peaking at number 2 in the UK Top 40 Albums Chart and remaining among the top ten positions for six months.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Originally promoted as \"the most progressive pop album ever\", \"Pet Sounds\" attracted recognition for its ambitious recording and unusually sophisticated music, and is widely considered to be one of the most influential albums in music history.", "Marilyn vos Savant __knowledge__ Marilyn vos Savant (; born August 11, 1946) is an American who is known for having the highest recorded IQ according to the \"Guinness Book of Records\", a competitive category the publication has since retired.", "Marilyn vos Savant __knowledge__ Savant is a magazine columnist, author, lecturer, and playwright.", "Marilyn vos Savant __knowledge__ Since 1986, she has written \"Ask Marilyn\", a \"Parade\" magazine Sunday column where she solves puzzles and answers questions on various subjects.", "Marilyn vos Savant __knowledge__ The most famous of them was the Monty Hall problem, which she answered correctly in 1990.", "Marilyn vos Savant __knowledge__ Marilyn vos Savant was born Marilyn Mach in St. Louis, Missouri, to parents Joseph Mach and Marina vos Savant.", "You Can't Take It with You (play) __knowledge__ You Can't Take It with You is a comedic play in three acts by George S. Kaufman and Moss Hart.", "You Can't Take It with You (play) __knowledge__ The original production of the play premiered on Broadway in 1936, and played for 838 performances.", "You Can't Take It with You (play) __knowledge__ The play won the 1937 Pulitzer Prize for Drama, and was adapted for the screen as \"You Can't Take It with You\", which won the Academy Award for Best Picture and Best Director.", "You Can't Take It with You (play) __knowledge__ The story takes place entirely in the large house of a slightly batty New York City family.", "You Can't Take It with You (play) __knowledge__ Various characters in the lives of the Vanderhof-Sycamore-Carmichael clan are introduced in the first act.", "You Can't Take It with You (play) __knowledge__ The patriarch of the family, Grandpa Vanderhof, an eccentric old man who keeps snakes and has never paid his income tax.", "Monty Hall problem __knowledge__ The Monty Hall problem is a brain teaser, in the form of a probability puzzle, loosely based on the American television game show \"Let's Make a Deal\" and named after its original host, Monty Hall.", "Monty Hall problem __knowledge__ The problem was originally posed (and solved) in a letter by Steve Selvin to the \"American Statistician\" in 1975 , .", "Monty Hall problem __knowledge__ It became famous as a question from a reader's letter quoted in Marilyn vos Savant's \"Ask Marilyn\" column in \"Parade\" magazine in 1990 : Vos Savant's response was that the contestant should switch to the other door .", "Monty Hall problem __knowledge__ Under the standard assumptions, contestants who switch have a chance of winning the car, while contestants who stick to their initial choice have only a chance.", "Have a nice day __knowledge__ Have a nice day is a commonly spoken expression used to conclude a conversation (whether brief or extensive), or end a message by hoping the person to whom it is addressed experiences a pleasant day.", "Have a nice day __knowledge__ Since it is often uttered by service employees to customers at the end of a transaction, particularly in Israel and the United States, its repetitious and dutiful usage has resulted in the phrase developing, according to some journalists and scholars, especially outside of these two countries, a cultural connotation of impersonality, lack of interest, passive–aggressive behavior, or sarcasm.", "Have a nice day __knowledge__ The phrase is generally not used in Europe, as some find it artificial or even offensive.", "Monty Hall __knowledge__ Monty Hall (born Monte Halparin; August 25, 1921 – September 30, 2017) was a Canadian-American game show host, producer, and philanthropist.", "Monty Hall __knowledge__ Hall was widely known as the long-running host of \"Let's Make a Deal\" and for the puzzle named after him, the Monty Hall problem.", "Monty Hall __knowledge__ Hall was born as Monte Halparin in Winnipeg, Manitoba, on August 25, 1921, to Orthodox Jewish parents, Maurice Harvey Halparin, who owned a slaughterhouse, and Rose (née Rusen).", "Monty Hall __knowledge__ He was raised in Winnipeg's north end, where he attended Lord Selkirk School (Elmwood, Winnipeg), and, later St. John's High School.", "Monty Hall __knowledge__ Hall graduated with a Bachelor of Science degree from the University of Manitoba, where he majored in chemistry and zoology.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Alan Moore __knowledge__ Alan Moore (; born 18 November 1953) is an English writer primarily known for his work in comic books including \"Watchmen\", \"V for Vendetta\" and \"From Hell\".", "Alan Moore __knowledge__ Frequently described as the best graphic novel writer in history, he has been widely recognised by his peers and by critics.", "Alan Moore __knowledge__ He has occasionally used such pseudonyms as Curt Vile, Jill de Ray, and Translucia Baboon; also, reprints of some of his work have been credited to The Original Writer when Moore requested that his name be removed.", "Alan Moore __knowledge__ Moore started writing for British underground and alternative fanzines in the late 1970s before achieving success publishing comic strips in such magazines as \"2000 AD\" and \"Warrior\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring games, sketches, and other comedy routines from the NBC late night talk show \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\", and its predecessor, \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The sketches feature host Jimmy Fallon, house band The Roots, announcer/sidekick Steve Higgins, the show's writers, celebrity guests, and audience members.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Most of the skits below appeared only on \"Late Night\", while some have carried over to the \"Tonight Show\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Every Tuesday on the show, Jimmy weighs the pros and cons of a topic that's currently in the news, with the pros being the setups and the cons being the punchlines.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Frozen (2013 film) __knowledge__ Frozen is a 2013 American 3D computer-animated musical fantasy film produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures.", "Frozen (2013 film) __knowledge__ The 53rd Disney animated feature film, the film is inspired by Hans Christian Andersen's fairy tale \"The Snow Queen\".", "Frozen (2013 film) __knowledge__ It tells the story of a fearless princess who sets off on a journey alongside a rugged iceman, his loyal reindeer, and a naïve snowman to find her estranged sister, whose icy powers have inadvertently trapped their kingdom in eternal winter.", "Frozen (2013 film) __knowledge__ \"Frozen\" underwent several story treatments for years before being commissioned in 2011, with a screenplay written by Jennifer Lee, who also co-directed with Chris Buck.", "Music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) is the film and television scores composed by various composers for the films and television series of that franchise.", "Music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Ramin Djawadi provided the first MCU music with his original score for \"Iron Man\" in 2008.", "Music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Alan Silvestri was the first composer to work on multiple MCU films after he transitioned from scoring \"\" (2011) to \"Marvel's The Avengers\" (2012), while Brian Tyler was the first composer to reference the work of another MCU composer when he quoted Silvestri's \"Captain America March\" in his score for \"\" (2013).", "Music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Original music has also been composed for the Marvel One-Shots short film series, and other related projects of the MCU, including the fanfares for the two Marvel Studios logos, composed by Tyler and Michael Giacchino, respectively." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ A Song of Ice and Fire is a series of epic fantasy novels by the American novelist and screenwriter George R. R. Martin.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ He began the first volume of the series, \"A Game of Thrones\", in 1991 and had it published in 1996.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ Martin, who initially envisioned the series as a trilogy, has published five out of a planned seven volumes.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The fifth and most recent volume of the series published in 2011, \"A Dance with Dragons\", took Martin six years to write.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ He is still writing the sixth novel, \"The Winds of Winter\".", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" takes place on the fictional continents Westeros and Essos.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The point of view of each chapter in the story is a limited perspective of a range of characters growing from nine, in the first novel, to thirty-one by the fifth.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ Three main stories interweave a dynastic war among several families for control of Westeros, the rising threat of the supernatural Others in the northernmost reaches of Westeros, and the ambition of Daenerys Targaryen, the deposed king's exiled daughter, to assume the Iron Throne.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ Martin's inspirations included the Wars of the Roses and the French historical novels \"The Accursed Kings\" by Maurice Druon.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" received praise for its diverse portrayal of women and religion, as well as its realism.", "Craps __knowledge__ Craps is a dice game in which the players make wagers on the outcome of the roll, or a series of rolls, of a pair of dice.", "Craps __knowledge__ Players may wager money against each other (playing \"street craps\", also known as \"shooting dice,\" \"rolling bones,\" or any combination thereof) or a bank (playing \"casino craps\", also known as \"table craps\", or often just \"craps\").", "Craps __knowledge__ Because it requires little equipment, \"street craps\" can be played in informal settings.", "Craps __knowledge__ Craps developed from a simplification of the early English game of \"hazard\".", "Craps __knowledge__ Its origins are complex and may date to the Crusades, later being influenced by French gamblers.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Ek Tha Chandar Ek Thi Sudha (Hindi: एक था चन्दर एक थी सुधा English: One was Chander one was Sudha) is an Indian biopic television series, which premiered on 21 September 2015 and is broadcast on Life OK.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is produced by Garima Productions of Ashwni Dhir.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series airs on every Monday to Friday nights.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is a tragic love story and is a 20-episode series.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story of the series is based on Dharamvir Bharati’s iconic novel, \"Gunahon Ka Devta\".", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Rahil Azam and Umang Jain will play the male and female lead roles respectively.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story starts with an illustration that it is a story about love near Allahabad.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (, lit: \"How many knots are left to untie?\")", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ is a Pakistani drama series, airs on Hum TV.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ Created by Angeline Malik, the series is a sequel of the anthology series \"Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain\" (20112014).", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ It premiered on 30 October 2016 with a different cast and different story.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ It revolves around a married couple, Saba (Hira Salman) and Kamran (Hassan Ahmed).", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ They ask Jameela (servant) to give another servant duty if he/she is interested.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ She suppresses Rozi (Ushna Shah).", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ Saba is strict with her servants especially with Rozi.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ She drinks water in Saba's glass, to which JHOOTA BURTAN has been derived.", "Strictly Come Dancing __knowledge__ Strictly Come Dancing (informally known as Strictly) is a British television dance contest, featuring celebrity contestants, with professional dance partners competing in a ballroom and Latin dance competition.", "Strictly Come Dancing __knowledge__ Each couple is scored out of 10 by a panel of judges.", "Strictly Come Dancing __knowledge__ The title of the show suggests a continuation of the long-running series \"Come Dancing\", with an allusion to the film \"Strictly Ballroom\".", "Strictly Come Dancing __knowledge__ The format has been exported to over 40 other countries, and has also inspired a modern dance-themed spin-off \"Strictly Dance Fever\".", "Strictly Come Dancing __knowledge__ The show is currently presented by Tess Daly and Claudia Winkleman.", "A New Day Has Come __knowledge__ A New Day Has Come is the seventh English-language studio album by Canadian singer Celine Dion, released by Sony Music Entertainment on 22 March 2002.", "A New Day Has Come __knowledge__ It was her first new studio album since 1997's \"Let's Talk About Love\".", "A New Day Has Come __knowledge__ Dion returned to the music scene after a two-year hiatus when she gave birth to her first child in 2001.", "A New Day Has Come __knowledge__ She collaborated on \"A New Day Has Come\" with various producers, including Anders Bagge and Peer Åström for the first time.", "A New Day Has Come __knowledge__ Dion's long-time producer and friend, David Foster, did not appear on this album.", "A New Day Has Come __knowledge__ \"A New Day Has Come\" garnered mostly positive reviews from the music critics, who noticed that Dion explores a \"broader, more adventurous\" range of pop music and \"dips its toe\" into modern music, particularly dance (\"Sorry for Love\").", "O Come, O Come, Emmanuel __knowledge__ \"O come, O come, Emmanuel\" is a Christian hymn for Advent and Christmas.", "O Come, O Come, Emmanuel __knowledge__ It is a translation of a Latin hymn, \"Veni, veni, Emmanuel\", itself a metrical paraphrase of the O Antiphons, a series of plainchant antiphons attached to the Magnificat at Vespers over the final days before Christmas.", "O Come, O Come, Emmanuel __knowledge__ The 1861 translation from Hymns Ancient and Modern is the most prominent by far in the English-speaking world, but other English translations also exist.", "O Come, O Come, Emmanuel __knowledge__ Translations into other modern languages (particularly German) are also in widespread use.", "O Come, O Come, Emmanuel __knowledge__ The words and the music of \"O come, O come, Emmanuel\" developed separately.", "George R. R. Martin __knowledge__ George Raymond Richard Martin (born George Raymond Martin; September 20, 1948), often referred to as George R. R. Martin, is an American novelist and short-story writer in the fantasy, horror, and science fiction genres, screenwriter, and television producer.", "George R. R. Martin __knowledge__ He is best known for his series of epic fantasy novels, \"A Song of Ice and Fire\", which was later adapted into the HBO series \"Game of Thrones\" (2011–present).", "George R. R. Martin __knowledge__ In 2005, Lev Grossman of \"Time\" called Martin \"the American Tolkien\", and in 2011, he was included on the annual \"Time\" 100 list of the most influential people in the world.", "George R. R. Martin __knowledge__ George Raymond Martin (he later adopted the confirmation name Richard at 13 years old) was born on September 20, 1948, in Bayonne, New Jersey, the son of longshoreman Raymond Collins Martin and his wife Margaret Brady Martin.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ Game of Thrones is an American fantasy drama television series created by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ It is an adaptation of \"A Song of Ice and Fire\", George R. R. Martin's series of fantasy novels, the first of which is \"A Game of Thrones\".", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ It is filmed in Belfast and elsewhere in the United Kingdom, Canada, Croatia, Iceland, Malta, Morocco, Spain, and the United States.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The series premiered on HBO in the United States on April 17, 2011, and its seventh season ended on August 27, 2017.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The series will conclude with its eighth season premiering in 2019.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ Set on the fictional continents of Westeros and Essos, \"Game of Thrones\" has several plot lines and a large ensemble cast but centers on three primary story arcs.", "Themes in A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" is an ongoing series of epic fantasy novels by American novelist and screenwriter George R. R. Martin.", "Themes in A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The first installment of the series, \"A Game of Thrones\", which was originally planned as a trilogy, was published in 1996.", "Themes in A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The series now consists of five published volumes, and two more volumes are planned.", "Themes in A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The series is told in the third-person through the eyes of a number of point of view characters.", "Themes in A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ A television series adaptation, \"Game of Thrones\", premiered on HBO in 2011.", "Themes in A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" takes place in a fictional world, primarily on a continent called Westeros, and additionally on a large landmass to the east, known as Essos.", "Works based on A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The following is a list of works based on \"A Song of Ice and Fire\", the series of fantasy novels by George R. R. Martin.", "Works based on A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ Martin wrote three separate novellas set ninety years before the events of the novels.", "Works based on A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ These novellas are known as the \"Tales of Dunk and Egg\" after the main protagonists, Ser Duncan the Tall and his squire \"Egg\", the later King Aegon V Targaryen.", "Works based on A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The stories have no direct connection to the plot of \"A Song of Ice and Fire\", although both characters are mentioned in \"A Storm of Swords\" and \"A Feast For Crows\", respectively.", "Works based on A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The novellas were published in short story anthologies: The unfinished series of novellas is to continue to be published in a series of collections entitled \"A Knight of the Seven Kingdoms\".", "History of fantasy __knowledge__ Elements of the supernatural and the fantastic were an element of literature from its beginning.", "History of fantasy __knowledge__ The modern genre is distinguished from tales and folklore, that contain fantastic elements, by firstly the acknowledged fictitious nature of the work, and secondly the naming an author.", "History of fantasy __knowledge__ Works in which the marvels were not necessarily believed, or only half-believed, such as the European romances of chivalry and the tales of the \"Arabian Nights\", slowly evolved into works with such traits.", "History of fantasy __knowledge__ Authors like George MacDonald (1824 –1905) created the first explicitly fantastic works.", "History of fantasy __knowledge__ Later, in the twentieth century, the publication of \"The Lord of the Rings\" by J. R. R. Tolkien enormously influenced fantasy writing, establishing the form of epic fantasy.", "World of A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The fictional world in which the \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" novels by George R. R. Martin take place is divided into several continents, known collectively as The Known World.", "World of A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ Most of the story takes place on the continent Westeros, in a large political entity known as the Seven Kingdoms.", "World of A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The \"Seven Kingdoms\" actually consist of nine regions (the North, the Iron Islands, the Riverlands, the Vale, the Westerlands, the Stormlands, the Reach, the Crownlands, and Dorne), and there is a largely unmapped area to the north, separated from the Seven Kingdoms by a massive wall of ice and old magic.", "World of A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The vast continent of Essos lies to the east of Westeros, across the Narrow Sea." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ A Song of Ice and Fire is a series of epic fantasy novels by the American novelist and screenwriter George R. R. Martin.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ He began the first volume of the series, \"A Game of Thrones\", in 1991 and had it published in 1996.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ Martin, who initially envisioned the series as a trilogy, has published five out of a planned seven volumes.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The fifth and most recent volume of the series published in 2011, \"A Dance with Dragons\", took Martin six years to write.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ He is still writing the sixth novel, \"The Winds of Winter\".", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" takes place on the fictional continents Westeros and Essos.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The point of view of each chapter in the story is a limited perspective of a range of characters growing from nine, in the first novel, to thirty-one by the fifth.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ Three main stories interweave a dynastic war among several families for control of Westeros, the rising threat of the supernatural Others in the northernmost reaches of Westeros, and the ambition of Daenerys Targaryen, the deposed king's exiled daughter, to assume the Iron Throne.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ Martin's inspirations included the Wars of the Roses and the French historical novels \"The Accursed Kings\" by Maurice Druon.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" received praise for its diverse portrayal of women and religion, as well as its realism.", "Chaos (professional wrestling) __knowledge__ Chaos is a professional wrestling stable, primarily performing in the New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW) promotion.", "Chaos (professional wrestling) __knowledge__ The group was formed in 2009, when members of the Great Bash Heel stable turned on their leader Togi Makabe and reformed under new leader Shinsuke Nakamura.", "Chaos (professional wrestling) __knowledge__ Soon later all the members of GBH, with the exception of Honma, turned their backs on Makabe, joining Nakamura and Yano.", "Chaos (professional wrestling) __knowledge__ Soon after, the new group was named Chaos, with Nakamura as the leader and the common goal of resurrecting the Strong Style, which Nakamura felt was abandoned after the departures of bearers Antonio Inoki and Shinya Hashimoto.", "2000s in music __knowledge__ This article includes an overview of the major events and trends in popular music in the 2000s.", "2000s in music __knowledge__ The 2000s saw the creation or emergence of a few styles, such as indie-related genres such as Emo, Alternative R&B, and a multitude of new electronic subgenres, most notably Dubstep, Bass music and Moombahton, as well as genres that fused influences from past decades, mostly the 80s, into creating new styles such as Nu-disco and Hypnagogic pop.", "2000s in music __knowledge__ In fact convergence of different styles was one of the more defining features of the decade, as seen with the creation and commercial success of the British Grime genre and Trap music and Chillwave in the United States.", "2000 in British music charts __knowledge__ This is a summary of 2000 in music in the United Kingdom, including the official charts from that year.", "2000 in British music charts __knowledge__ 2000 saw many British acts dominate the charts.", "2000 in British music charts __knowledge__ The year saw how competitive the industry had become over the 1990s with numerous new releases out each week.", "2000 in British music charts __knowledge__ 2000 holds the record for the most number-one singles in one particular calendar year, with 43 singles holding the number-one spot, if you include the Westlife number-one single spanning over from Christmas in 1999.", "2000 in British music charts __knowledge__ The year was particularly successful for Britney Spears, Moby, Eminem, Travis and The Beatles.", "2000 in British music charts __knowledge__ The Christmas number one single from 1999, a double A-side by Westlife (\"I Have a Dream\"/\"Seasons in the Sun\"), was able to retain its position at the top for the first three weeks of the year, totalling its run to four weeks at the top.", "1990s in music __knowledge__ Popular music in the 1990s saw the continuation of teen pop and dance-pop trends which had emerged in the 1970s and 1980s.", "1990s in music __knowledge__ Furthermore, hip hop grew and continued to be highly successful in the decade, with the continuation of the genre's golden age.", "1990s in music __knowledge__ Aside from rap, reggae, contemporary R&B and urban music in general remained extremely popular throughout the decade; urban music in the late-1980s and 1990s often blended with styles such as soul, funk and jazz, resulting in fusion genres such as new jack swing, neo-soul, hip hop soul and g-funk which were popular.", "1990s in music __knowledge__ Similarly to the 1980s, rock music was also very popular in the 1990s, yet, unlike the new wave and glam metal-dominated scene of the time, grunge, Britpop, industrial rock and other alternative rock music emerged and took over as the most popular of the decade, as well as punk rock, ska punk and nu metal, amongst others, which attained a high level of success at different points throughout the years.", "Successful aging __knowledge__ Successful aging (American English) or successful ageing (British English) refers to physical, mental and social well-being in older age.", "Successful aging __knowledge__ The concept of successful aging can be traced back to the 1950s, and was popularized in the 1980s.", "Successful aging __knowledge__ It reflects changing view on aging in Western countries, where a stigma associated with old age (see ageism) has led to considering older people as a burden on society.", "Successful aging __knowledge__ Consequently, in the past most of the scientists have been focusing on negative aspects of aging or preventing the decline of youth.", "Successful aging __knowledge__ Research on successful aging, however, acknowledges the fact that there is a growing number of older adults functioning at a high level and contributing to the society.", "1970s in music __knowledge__ This article includes an overview of the major events and trends in popular music in the 1970s.", "1970s in music __knowledge__ In North America, Europe, and Oceania, the decade saw the rise of disco, which became one of the biggest genres of the decade, especially in the mid-to-late 1970s.", "1970s in music __knowledge__ In Europe, a variant known as Euro disco rose in popularity towards the end of the 1970s.", "1970s in music __knowledge__ Aside from disco, funk, smooth jazz, jazz fusion, and soul remained popular throughout the decade.", "1970s in music __knowledge__ It is this influx of popular music that soon transformed into rock and roll during the Early 1970s.", "1970s in music __knowledge__ Rock music played an important part in the Western musical scene, with punk rock thriving throughout the mid to late 1970s.", "Warner Bros. Records __knowledge__ Warner Bros. Records Inc. is an American major record label established in 1958 as the foundation label of the present-day Warner Music Group (WMG), and now operates as a wholly owned subsidiary of that corporation.", "Warner Bros. Records __knowledge__ Warner Bros. Records was established on March 19, 1958, as the recorded-music division of the American film studio Warner Bros.. For most of its early existence it was one of a group of labels owned and operated by larger parent corporations.", "Warner Bros. Records __knowledge__ The sequence of companies that controlled Warner Bros. and its allied labels evolved through a convoluted series of corporate mergers and acquisitions from the early 1960s to the early 2000s.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ Game of Thrones is an American fantasy drama television series created by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ It is an adaptation of \"A Song of Ice and Fire\", George R. R. Martin's series of fantasy novels, the first of which is \"A Game of Thrones\".", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ It is filmed in Belfast and elsewhere in the United Kingdom, Canada, Croatia, Iceland, Malta, Morocco, Spain, and the United States.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The series premiered on HBO in the United States on April 17, 2011, and its seventh season ended on August 27, 2017.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The series will conclude with its eighth season premiering in 2019.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ Set on the fictional continents of Westeros and Essos, \"Game of Thrones\" has several plot lines and a large ensemble cast but centers on three primary story arcs.", "Works based on A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The following is a list of works based on \"A Song of Ice and Fire\", the series of fantasy novels by George R. R. Martin.", "Works based on A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ Martin wrote three separate novellas set ninety years before the events of the novels.", "Works based on A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ These novellas are known as the \"Tales of Dunk and Egg\" after the main protagonists, Ser Duncan the Tall and his squire \"Egg\", the later King Aegon V Targaryen.", "Works based on A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The stories have no direct connection to the plot of \"A Song of Ice and Fire\", although both characters are mentioned in \"A Storm of Swords\" and \"A Feast For Crows\", respectively.", "Works based on A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The novellas were published in short story anthologies: The unfinished series of novellas is to continue to be published in a series of collections entitled \"A Knight of the Seven Kingdoms\".", "List of awards and nominations received by Game of Thrones __knowledge__ \"Game of Thrones\" is an American fantasy drama television series created for HBO by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss.", "List of awards and nominations received by Game of Thrones __knowledge__ It is an adaptation of \"A Song of Ice and Fire\", George R. R. Martin's series of fantasy novels.", "List of awards and nominations received by Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The story takes place on the fictional continents of Westeros and Essos, it has several plot lines and a large ensemble cast.", "List of awards and nominations received by Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The first story arc follows a dynastic conflict among competing claimants for succession to the Iron Throne of the Seven Kingdoms, with other noble families fighting for independence from the throne.", "List of awards and nominations received by Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The second covers attempts to reclaim the throne by the exiled last scion of the realm's deposed ruling dynasty; the third chronicles the threat of the impending winter and the legendary creatures and fierce peoples of the North.", "List of A Song of Ice and Fire characters __knowledge__ George R. R. Martin's \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" novels feature a sizable cast of characters.", "List of A Song of Ice and Fire characters __knowledge__ The series follows three interwoven plotlines: a dynastic war for control of Westeros by several families; the rising threat of the superhuman Others beyond Westeros's northern border; and the ambition of Daenerys Targaryen, the exiled heir of the previous ruling dynasty.", "List of A Song of Ice and Fire characters __knowledge__ Each chapter is narrated in the third person limited point of view through the eyes of a single character.", "List of A Song of Ice and Fire characters __knowledge__ Beginning with nine POV characters in \"A Game of Thrones\" (1996), the number grows to thirty-one by \"A Dance with Dragons\" (2011).", "Themes in A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" is an ongoing series of epic fantasy novels by American novelist and screenwriter George R. R. Martin.", "Themes in A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The first installment of the series, \"A Game of Thrones\", which was originally planned as a trilogy, was published in 1996.", "Themes in A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The series now consists of five published volumes, and two more volumes are planned.", "Themes in A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The series is told in the third-person through the eyes of a number of point of view characters.", "Themes in A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ A television series adaptation, \"Game of Thrones\", premiered on HBO in 2011.", "Themes in A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" takes place in a fictional world, primarily on a continent called Westeros, and additionally on a large landmass to the east, known as Essos.", "A Game of Thrones (card game) __knowledge__ A Game of Thrones: The Card Game (or AGoT, for short) is an out-of-print collectible card game produced by Fantasy Flight Games.", "A Game of Thrones (card game) __knowledge__ It is based on \"A Song of Ice and Fire\", a series of novels written by George R. R. Martin.", "A Game of Thrones (card game) __knowledge__ The first set, Westeros Edition, was released in 2002 and the game has since won two Origins Awards.", "A Game of Thrones (card game) __knowledge__ The game's primary designer is Eric Lang, the lead developer is Nate French, with Damon Stone serving as associate designer.", "A Game of Thrones (card game) __knowledge__ In the game, players assume the leadership of one of the great houses of Westeros vying for control of King's Landing and the Iron Throne.", "A Game of Thrones (card game) __knowledge__ To accomplish this, players launch military attacks against their opponents, undermine their opponents’ plans with intrigues of their own, and make power plays to win the support of the realm." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ A Song of Ice and Fire is a series of epic fantasy novels by the American novelist and screenwriter George R. R. Martin.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ He began the first volume of the series, \"A Game of Thrones\", in 1991 and had it published in 1996.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ Martin, who initially envisioned the series as a trilogy, has published five out of a planned seven volumes.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The fifth and most recent volume of the series published in 2011, \"A Dance with Dragons\", took Martin six years to write.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ He is still writing the sixth novel, \"The Winds of Winter\".", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" takes place on the fictional continents Westeros and Essos.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The point of view of each chapter in the story is a limited perspective of a range of characters growing from nine, in the first novel, to thirty-one by the fifth.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ Three main stories interweave a dynastic war among several families for control of Westeros, the rising threat of the supernatural Others in the northernmost reaches of Westeros, and the ambition of Daenerys Targaryen, the deposed king's exiled daughter, to assume the Iron Throne.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ Martin's inspirations included the Wars of the Roses and the French historical novels \"The Accursed Kings\" by Maurice Druon.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" received praise for its diverse portrayal of women and religion, as well as its realism.", "Silent film __knowledge__ A silent film is a film with no synchronized recorded sound, especially with no spoken dialogue.", "Silent film __knowledge__ In silent films for entertainment, the dialogue is transmitted through muted gestures, mime and title cards with a written indication of the plot or key dialogue.", "Silent film __knowledge__ The idea of combining motion pictures with recorded sound is nearly as old as film itself, but because of the technical challenges involved, synchronized dialogue was made practical only in the late 1920s with the perfection of the Audion amplifier tube and the introduction of the Vitaphone system.", "Silent film __knowledge__ During the silent film era (from the mid 1890s to the late 1920s), a pianist, theater organist, or, in large cities, even a small orchestra would often play music to accompany the films.", "Film noir __knowledge__ Film noir (; ) is a cinematic term used primarily to describe stylish Hollywood crime dramas, particularly such that emphasize cynical attitudes and sexual motivations.", "Film noir __knowledge__ Hollywood's classical film noir period is generally regarded as extending from the early 1940s to the late 1950s.", "Film noir __knowledge__ Film noir of this era is associated with a low-key, black-and-white visual style that has roots in German Expressionist cinematography.", "Film noir __knowledge__ Many of the prototypical stories and much of the attitude of classic noir derive from the hardboiled school of crime fiction that emerged in the United States during the Great Depression.", "History of film __knowledge__ Although the start of the history of film is not clearly defined, the commercial, public screening of ten of Lumière brothers' short films in Paris on 28 December 1895 can be regarded as the breakthrough of projected cinematographic motion pictures.", "History of film __knowledge__ There had been earlier cinematographic results and screenings but these lacked either the quality or the momentum that propelled the cinématographe Lumière into a worldwide success.", "History of film __knowledge__ Soon film production companies were established all over the world.", "History of film __knowledge__ The first decade of motion picture saw film moving from a novelty to an established mass entertainment industry.", "Cinema of Lebanon __knowledge__ The cinema of Lebanon, according to film critic and historian Roy Armes, was the only other cinema in the Arabic-speaking region, beside Egypt's, that could amount to a national cinema.", "Cinema of Lebanon __knowledge__ Cinema in Lebanon has been in existence since the 1920s, and the country has produced over 500 films.", "Cinema of Lebanon __knowledge__ The number of films produced each year is small, and the industry is heavily dependent on foreign funding and international box office revenues due the limited size of the domestic market.", "Cinema of Lebanon __knowledge__ Despite that, local films have recently enjoyed a degree of success: \"Where Do We Go Now?\"", "Cinema of Lebanon __knowledge__ by director Nadine Labaki won the People’s Choice Award at the Toronto International Film Festival, and was nominated as Lebanon’s entry for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film.", "Cinema of Italy __knowledge__ The Cinema of Italy comprises the films made within Italy or by Italian directors.", "Cinema of Italy __knowledge__ Since the development of the Italian film industry in the early 1900s, Italian filmmakers and performers have, at times, experienced both domestic and international success, and have influenced film movements throughout the world.", "Cinema of Italy __knowledge__ As of 2014, Italian films have won 14 Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film, the most of any country, as well as 12 Palmes d'Or, the second-most of any country.", "Cinema of Italy __knowledge__ Early Italian films were typically adaptations of books or stage plays.", "Cinema of Italy __knowledge__ By the 1910s, Italian filmmakers were utilizing complex set designs, lavish costumes, and record budgets, to produce pioneering films such as Enrico Guazzoni's \"Quo Vadis\" (1913) and Giovanni Pastrone's \"Cabiria\" (1914).", "Slasher film __knowledge__ Slasher films are a subgenre of horror films, typically involving a violent psychopath stalking and murdering several people, usually with bladed tools.", "Slasher film __knowledge__ Although the term \"slasher\" is sometimes used informally as a generic term for any horror movie involving murder, analysts of the genre cite an established set of characteristics which set these films apart from other horror subgenres, such as splatter films and psychological horror films.", "Slasher film __knowledge__ Some critics cite the Italian giallo films and the British-produced psychological thriller or psychological horror films \"Peeping Tom\" (1960) by Michael Powell and \"Psycho\" (1960) by Alfred Hitchcock as the earliest influential \"slasher\" films, and most agree that the genre's peak occurred in American films released during the 1970s and 1980s.", "Manna Dey __knowledge__ Prabodh Chandra Dey (1 May 1919 − 24 October 2013), known by his stage name Manna Dey, was an Indian playback singer.", "Manna Dey __knowledge__ He debuted in the film \"Tamanna\" in 1942.", "Manna Dey __knowledge__ After the song \"Upar Gagan Bishal\" composed by S D Burman he saw success and went on to record more than 4,000 songs till 2013.", "Manna Dey __knowledge__ The Government of India honoured him with the Padma Shri in 1971, the Padma Bhushan in 2005 and the Dadasaheb Phalke Award in 2007.", "Manna Dey __knowledge__ Dey sang in all the major regional Indian languages, though primarily in Hindi and Bengali.", "Manna Dey __knowledge__ His peak period in Hindi playback singing was from 1953 to 1976.", "Manna Dey __knowledge__ Dey was born to Mahamaya and Purna Chandra Dey on 1 May 1919 in Kolkata.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The culture of the United Kingdom is influenced by the UK's history as a developed island country, a liberal democracy and a major power; its predominantly Christian religious life; and its composition of four countries—England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland—each of which has distinct customs, cultures and symbolism.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The wider culture of Europe has also influenced British culture, and Humanism, Protestantism and representative democracy developed from broader Western culture.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ British literature, music, cinema, art, theatre, comedy, media, television, philosophy, architecture and education are important aspects of British culture.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "List of Dexter characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the Showtime TV series \"Dexter\" and the Jeff Lindsay novels, including \"Darkly Dreaming Dexter\" (on which the show was based), \"Dearly Devoted Dexter\", \"Dexter in the Dark\", \"Dexter by Design\", and \"Dexter is Delicious\".", "List of Dexter characters __knowledge__ Dexter \"Dex\" Morgan is the titular protagonist and narrator of the series.", "List of Dexter characters __knowledge__ Dexter is a forensics expert and blood spatter analyst employed by the Miami Metro Police Department, but has a double life as a vigilante serial killer.", "List of Dexter characters __knowledge__ As young boys, he and his older brother Brian witnessed the murder of their mother, Laura Moser, and were left for two days in a shipping container filled with blood.", "Dynamic epistemic logic __knowledge__ Dynamic epistemic logic (DEL) is a logical framework dealing with knowledge and information change\".\"", "Dynamic epistemic logic __knowledge__ Typically, DEL focuses on situations involving multiple agents and studies how their knowledge changes when events occur.", "Dynamic epistemic logic __knowledge__ These events can change factual properties of the actual world (they are called \"ontic events\"): for example a red card is painted in blue.", "Dynamic epistemic logic __knowledge__ They can also bring about changes of knowledge without changing factual properties of the world (they are called \"epistemic events\"): for example a card is revealed publicly (or privately) to be red.", "Dynamic epistemic logic __knowledge__ Originally, DEL focused on epistemic events.", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ Flying Hawk (Oglala Lakota: \"Čhetáŋ Kiŋyáŋ\" in Standard Lakota Orthography; a/k/a Moses Flying Hawk; March 1854 – December 24, 1931) was an Oglala Lakota warrior, historian, educator and philosopher.", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ Flying Hawk's life chronicles the history of the Oglala Lakota people through the 19th and early 20th centuries, as he fought to deflect the worst effects of white rule; educate his people and preserve sacred Oglala Lakota land and heritage.", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ Chief Flying Hawk was a combatant in Red Cloud's War and in nearly all of the fights with the U.S. Army during the Great Sioux War of 1876.", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ He fought alongside his first cousin Crazy Horse and his brothers Kicking Bear and Black Fox II in the Battle of the Little Big Horn in 1876, and was present at the death of Crazy Horse in 1877 and the Wounded Knee Massacre of 1890.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring games, sketches, and other comedy routines from the NBC late night talk show \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\", and its predecessor, \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The sketches feature host Jimmy Fallon, house band The Roots, announcer/sidekick Steve Higgins, the show's writers, celebrity guests, and audience members.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Most of the skits below appeared only on \"Late Night\", while some have carried over to the \"Tonight Show\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Every Tuesday on the show, Jimmy weighs the pros and cons of a topic that's currently in the news, with the pros being the setups and the cons being the punchlines.", "SMAP __knowledge__ SMAP was a Japanese boy band, composed of Masahiro Nakai, Takuya Kimura, Goro Inagaki, Tsuyoshi Kusanagi, and Shingo Katori.", "SMAP __knowledge__ The group was created in 1988 by music producer Johnny Kitagawa, founder of Johnny & Associates, originally as a six-piece with Katsuyuki Mori, until his departure from the band in 1996.", "SMAP __knowledge__ After making their debut in 1991, the group took the Japanese entertainment industry by storm, becoming the most successful boy band in Japanese history and the bestselling band in Asia, often referred to as a \"national treasure\" and a \"fortune and property of the country\" in Japan.", "SMAP __knowledge__ SMAP was regarded as an iconic figure in Japan, after achieving an unprecedented level of success in numerous genres in the entertainment industry, including music, television, film, radio, and theater, as a group and individually." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 2, 0, 1 ]

[ "That's awesome! I've really wanted to start reading the A Song of Ice and Fire series. Which is your favorite book?", "A Song of Ice and Fire is the same series as the \"Game of Throne Series\". It's the epic fantasy novel series by George R.R. Martin", "A Song of Ice and Fire is the name of the series, but \"A Game of Thrones\" which is the first one was published in 1996. ", "They have been very successful! Most people I know have either read the books or watched the show.", "No films have been made, but the show Game of Thrones is based on A Song of Ice and Fire" ]

[ "A Song of Ice and Fire", "A Song of Ice and Fire", "A Song of Ice and Fire", "A Song of Ice and Fire", "A Song of Ice and Fire" ]

[ "React (JavaScript library)\nevening, i am just learning, i like to create websites", "in passing but not in full acknowledgement of it", "okay, i have a little experience in JavaScript", "sounds very user and developing friendly", "right know i am only dealing with Java programming, nothing fancy, just getting my feet wet" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ In computing, React (sometimes styled React.js or ReactJS) is a JavaScript library for building user interfaces.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ It is maintained by Facebook, Instagram and a community of individual developers and corporations.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ React allows developers to create large web-applications that use data and can change over time without reloading the page.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ It aims primarily to provide speed, simplicity, and scalability.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ React processes only user interfaces in applications.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ This corresponds to View in the Model-View-Controller (MVC) pattern, and can be used in combination with other JavaScript libraries or frameworks in MVC, such as AngularJS.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ React was created by Jordan Walke, a software engineer at Facebook.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ He was influenced by XHP, an HTML component framework for PHP.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ It was first deployed on Facebook's newsfeed in 2011 and later on Instagram.com in 2012.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ It was open-sourced at JSConf US in May 2013.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ React Native, which enables native Android, iOS, and UWP development with React, was announced at Facebook's React.js Conf in February 2015 and open-sourced in March 2015.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ On April 18, 2017, Facebook announced React Fiber, a new core algorithm of React framework library for building user interfaces.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ React Fiber will become the foundation of any future improvements and feature development of the React framework.", "WebQuest __knowledge__ A WebQuest is an inquiry-oriented lesson format in which most or all the information that learners work with comes from the web.", "WebQuest __knowledge__ These can be created using various programs, including a simple word processing document that includes links to websites.", "WebQuest __knowledge__ A WebQuest is distinguished from other Internet-based research by four characteristics.", "WebQuest __knowledge__ First, it is classroom-based.", "WebQuest __knowledge__ Second, it emphasizes higher-order thinking (such as analysis, creativity, or criticism) rather than just acquiring information.", "WebQuest __knowledge__ And third, the teacher preselects the sources, emphasizing information use rather than information gathering.", "Mobsyte __knowledge__ Mobsyte is a website builder that allows small owners, freelancers and professionals to create websites optimized for mobile, tablet and desktop.", "Mobsyte __knowledge__ The company is headquartered in Madrid, Spain.", "Mobsyte __knowledge__ It was founded by Alejandro Sánchez Acosta (CEO) in 2013.", "Mobsyte __knowledge__ Alejandro Sánchez Acosta founded eMobc framework in 2012 to develop mobile and desktop apps.", "Mobsyte __knowledge__ He used eMobc to build Mobsyte in 2013 in order to create websites optimized for mobile, tablet and desktop.", "Mobsyte __knowledge__ Mobsyte has been finalist in several Acceleration Programs like StartupBootCamp, Plug and Play and many others.", "AdSense __knowledge__ Google AdSense is a program run by Google that allows publishers in the Google Network of content sites to serve automatic text, image, video, or interactive media advertisements, that are targeted to site content and audience.", "AdSense __knowledge__ These advertisements are administered, sorted, and maintained by Google.", "AdSense __knowledge__ They can generate revenue on either a per-click or per-impression basis.", "AdSense __knowledge__ Google beta-tested a cost-per-action service, but discontinued it in October 2008 in favor of a DoubleClick offering (also owned by Google).", "AdSense __knowledge__ In Q1 2014, Google earned US $3.4 billion ($13.6 billion annualized), or 22% of total revenue, through Google AdSense.", "Web design __knowledge__ Web design encompasses many different skills and disciplines in the production and maintenance of websites.", "Web design __knowledge__ The different areas of web design include web graphic design; interface design; authoring, including standardised code and proprietary software; user experience design; and search engine optimization.", "Web design __knowledge__ Often many individuals will work in teams covering different aspects of the design process, although some designers will cover them all.", "Web design __knowledge__ The term web design is normally used to describe the design process relating to the front-end (client side) design of a website including writing mark up.", "Web design __knowledge__ Web design partially overlaps web engineering in the broader scope of web development.", "Microsoft Azure Web Sites __knowledge__ Microsoft Azure Web Sites is a cloud computing based platform for hosting websites, created and operated by Microsoft.", "Microsoft Azure Web Sites __knowledge__ Microsoft Azure Web Sites is a platform as a service (PaaS) which allows publishing Web apps running on multiple frameworks and written in different programming languages (.NET, node.js, PHP, Python and Java), including Microsoft proprietary ones and 3rd party ones.", "Microsoft Azure Web Sites __knowledge__ Microsoft Azure Web Sites became available in its first preview version in June 2012, and an official version (\"General Availability\") was announced in June 2013.", "Microsoft Azure Web Sites __knowledge__ Microsoft Azure Web Sites was originally named Windows Azure Web Sites, but was renamed as part of a re-branding move across Azure in March 2014.", "SiteW __knowledge__ SiteW ( ) is a French-based company that offers a website building service.", "SiteW __knowledge__ The idea for SiteW (pronounced Site Double-Vé) was born in the Spring of 2007 when Fabien Versange and Cédric Hamel, two computer scientists with a shared passion for web technologies, were approached by several local business in the Auvergne region, such as associations, small hotels, shopkeepers and artisans to design their websites.", "SiteW __knowledge__ These people had a limited budget and were unable to call on specialized companies for these services, while also lacking the technical knowledge to create websites on their own.", "SiteW __knowledge__ This common demand inspired the two to form a company around the central idea to make the design of a website faster, easier and more accessible to common individuals and professionals in an effort to try and make the internet more democratic with the help of SiteW's website creation tool.", "Educational technology __knowledge__ Educational technology is \"the study and ethical practice of facilitating learning and improving performance by creating, using, and managing appropriate technological processes and resources\".", "Educational technology __knowledge__ Educational technology is the use of both physical hardware and educational theoretics.", "Educational technology __knowledge__ It encompasses several domains, including learning theory, computer-based training, online learning, and, where mobile technologies are used, m-learning.", "Educational technology __knowledge__ Accordingly, there are several discrete aspects to describing the intellectual and technical development of educational technology: An educational technologist is someone who is trained in the field of educational technology." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ In computing, React (sometimes styled React.js or ReactJS) is a JavaScript library for building user interfaces.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ It is maintained by Facebook, Instagram and a community of individual developers and corporations.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ React allows developers to create large web-applications that use data and can change over time without reloading the page.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ It aims primarily to provide speed, simplicity, and scalability.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ React processes only user interfaces in applications.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ This corresponds to View in the Model-View-Controller (MVC) pattern, and can be used in combination with other JavaScript libraries or frameworks in MVC, such as AngularJS.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ React was created by Jordan Walke, a software engineer at Facebook.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ He was influenced by XHP, an HTML component framework for PHP.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ It was first deployed on Facebook's newsfeed in 2011 and later on Instagram.com in 2012.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ It was open-sourced at JSConf US in May 2013.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ React Native, which enables native Android, iOS, and UWP development with React, was announced at Facebook's React.js Conf in February 2015 and open-sourced in March 2015.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ On April 18, 2017, Facebook announced React Fiber, a new core algorithm of React framework library for building user interfaces.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ React Fiber will become the foundation of any future improvements and feature development of the React framework.", "2013 Chicago Bears season __knowledge__ The Chicago Bears season was the franchise's 94th season in the National Football League.", "2013 Chicago Bears season __knowledge__ The season was the first year under head coach Marc Trestman, as Lovie Smith was fired on December 31, 2012.", "2013 Chicago Bears season __knowledge__ The team played at Soldier Field for the 11th season since its reconstruction in 2001.", "2013 Chicago Bears season __knowledge__ The Bears failed to qualify for the playoffs with an 8–8 record, the sixth time in seven years since the Super Bowl XLI loss in 2006.", "2013 Chicago Bears season __knowledge__ The Bears started the regular season by winning their first three games before losing in weeks four and five to the Detroit Lions and New Orleans Saints, respectively.", "2013 Chicago Bears season __knowledge__ The following game after winning against the New York Giants, quarterback Jay Cutler suffered a groin injury against the Washington Redskins, as the Bears entered the bye week at 4–3.", "2016 Oakland Raiders season __knowledge__ The 2016 Oakland Raiders season was the 57th overall of the Oakland Raiders franchise, the franchise's 47th season in the National Football League, their 23th season since their return to Oakland, and the second under head coach Jack Del Rio.", "2016 Oakland Raiders season __knowledge__ The Raiders improved on a 7–9 campaign in 2015 and finished with a winning record for the first time since 2002, finishing the regular season with a 12–4 record.", "2016 Oakland Raiders season __knowledge__ The Raiders, with their Week 15 win over the San Diego Chargers, clinched a playoff berth for the first time since 2002, ending their 14-year playoff drought.", "2016 Oakland Raiders season __knowledge__ The Raiders finished the season tied with the Kansas City Chiefs for the AFC West division title, but lost the tiebreaker due to a head-to-head sweep.", "Transmission Control Protocol __knowledge__ The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is one of the main protocols of the Internet protocol suite.", "Transmission Control Protocol __knowledge__ It originated in the initial network implementation in which it complemented the Internet Protocol (IP).", "Transmission Control Protocol __knowledge__ Therefore, the entire suite is commonly referred to as TCP/IP.", "Transmission Control Protocol __knowledge__ TCP provides reliable, ordered, and error-checked delivery of a stream of octets between applications running on hosts communicating by an IP network.", "Transmission Control Protocol __knowledge__ Major Internet applications such as the World Wide Web, email, remote administration, and file transfer rely on TCP.", "Transmission Control Protocol __knowledge__ Applications that do not require reliable data stream service may use the User Datagram Protocol (UDP), which provides a connectionless datagram service that emphasizes reduced latency over reliability.", "Safe Conduct __knowledge__ Safe Conduct () is a 2002 French historical drama film directed by Bertrand Tavernier and written by Tavernier and Jean Cosmos.", "Safe Conduct __knowledge__ The film is about the French film industry from 1942 to 1944 during the Nazi occupation.", "Safe Conduct __knowledge__ The film focuses on assistant director and resistance fighter Jean Devaivre and screenwriter Jean Aurenche.", "Safe Conduct __knowledge__ Aurenche is on the move so that he doesn't have to write anything collaborationist.", "Safe Conduct __knowledge__ Devaivre is in dangerous political activity.", "Safe Conduct __knowledge__ Devaivre also works for the German production company Continental Films, where he is respected.", "Safe Conduct __knowledge__ On the other hand, Aurenche's scriptwriting doesn't help how he lives and he is a womanizer which causes him to procrastinate.", "N. L. Balakrishnan __knowledge__ Narayanan Lakshmi Balakrishnan (born Velayudhan) (17 April 1942 – 25 December 2014), commonly known as N. L. Balakrishnan, was an Indian film still photographer and actor who worked in Malayalam cinema.", "N. L. Balakrishnan __knowledge__ He worked as a still photographer in about 170 films and has associated with great directors including G. Aravindan, John Abraham, Adoor Gopalakrishnan, P. Padmarajan, Bharathan and K. G. George.", "N. L. Balakrishnan __knowledge__ He was an actor, with 180 credits to his name, and has also worked as a photo journalist with \"Kerala Kaumudi\".", "N. L. Balakrishnan __knowledge__ N. L. Balakrishnan hailed from Powdikonam near Chempazhanthy in Thiruvananthapuram.", "N. L. Balakrishnan __knowledge__ He was born as the only child of Narayanan and Lakshmi on April 17, 1942.", "2006 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season __knowledge__ The 2006 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season was the franchise's 31st season in the National Football League The team failed to improve on their 11–5 record in 2005, tumbled to a 4–12 record, and missed the playoffs for the first time since 2004.", "2006 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season __knowledge__ The next season in 2007, however, saw the Buccaneers taking a 9–7 record, but it also would be the last time the Bucs made the playoffs, whereas from 2008 to present, they have failed to make the NFL playoffs.", "2006 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season __knowledge__ After winning the division in 2005, the Buccaneers suffered through an abysmal 2006 season.", "2006 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season __knowledge__ The season was plagued by injuries, with starters such as G Dan Buenning, WR Michael Clayton, RB Carnell Williams, DE Simeon Rice, CB Brian Kelly, and QB Chris Simms all being placed on injured reserve at some point in the season.", "Flow control (data) __knowledge__ In data communications, flow control is the process of managing the rate of data transmission between two nodes to prevent a fast sender from overwhelming a slow receiver.", "Flow control (data) __knowledge__ It provides a mechanism for the receiver to control the transmission speed, so that the receiving node is not overwhelmed with data from transmitting node.", "Flow control (data) __knowledge__ Flow control should be distinguished from congestion control, which is used for controlling the flow of data when congestion has actually occurred.", "Flow control (data) __knowledge__ Flow control mechanisms can be classified by whether or not the receiving node sends feedback to the sending node.", "Flow control (data) __knowledge__ Flow control is important because it is possible for a sending computer to transmit information at a faster rate than the destination computer can receive and process it.", "Instagram __knowledge__ Instagram is a mobile, desktop, and Internet-based photo-sharing application and service that allows users to share pictures and videos either publicly, or privately to pre-approved followers.", "Instagram __knowledge__ It was created by Kevin Systrom and Mike Krieger, and launched in October 2010 as a free mobile app exclusively for the iOS operating system.", "Instagram __knowledge__ A version for Android devices was released two years later, in April 2012, followed by a feature-limited website interface in November 2012, and apps for Windows 10 Mobile and Windows 10 in April 2016 and October 2016 respectively.", "Instagram __knowledge__ It is owned by Facebook.", "Instagram __knowledge__ Instagram lets registered users upload photos or videos to the service.", "Social media marketing __knowledge__ Social media marketing is the use of social media platforms and websites to promote a product or service.", "Social media marketing __knowledge__ Although the terms e-marketing and digital marketing are still dominant in academia, social media marketing is becoming more popular for both practitioners and researchers.", "Social media marketing __knowledge__ Most social media platforms have built-in data analytics tools, which enable companies to track the progress, success, and engagement of ad campaigns.", "Social media marketing __knowledge__ Companies address a range of stakeholders through social media marketing, including current and potential customers, current and potential employees, journalists, bloggers, and the general public.", "Celebrity branding __knowledge__ Celebrity branding or celebrity endorsement is a form of advertising campaign or marketing strategy used by brands, companies, or a non-profit organization which involves celebrities or a well-known person using their social status or their fame to help promote a product, service or even raise awareness on environmental or social matters.", "Celebrity branding __knowledge__ Marketers use celebrity endorsers in hopes that the positive images of the celebrity endorser of the brand will also be passed on to the products or the brand image associated with the celebrities.", "Celebrity branding __knowledge__ Celebrity endorsement is usually commonly used by fashion or beauty brands, but a non-profit organization relies on celebrities as well, as celebrities have mass communication skills which can attract people's attention and is helpful in reaching a wider audience to raise their awareness towards a certain organization or an issue.", "Facebook __knowledge__ Facebook is an American online social media and social networking service company based in Menlo Park, California.", "Facebook __knowledge__ The Facebook website was launched on February 4, 2004, by Mark Zuckerberg, along with fellow Harvard College students and roommates, Eduardo Saverin, Andrew McCollum, Dustin Moskovitz, and Chris Hughes.", "Facebook __knowledge__ The founders had initially limited the website's membership to Harvard students; however, later they expanded it to higher education institutions in the Boston area, the Ivy League schools, and Stanford University.", "Facebook __knowledge__ Facebook gradually added support for students at various other universities, and eventually to high school students as well.", "Social media __knowledge__ Social media are computer-mediated technologies that facilitate the creation and sharing of information, ideas, career interests and other forms of expression via virtual communities and networks.", "Social media __knowledge__ The variety of stand-alone and built-in social media services currently available introduces challenges of definition; however, there are some common features: Users typically access social media services via web-based technologies on desktop, computers, and laptops, or download services that offer social media functionality to their mobile devices (e.g., smartphones and tablet computers).", "Social media __knowledge__ When engaging with these services, users can create highly interactive platforms through which individuals, communities and organizations can share, co-create, discuss, and modify user-generated content or pre-made content posted online.", "Privacy concerns with social networking services __knowledge__ Since the arrival of early social networking sites in the early 2000s, online social networking platforms have expanded exponentially, with the biggest names in social media in the mid-2010s being Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and SnapChat.", "Privacy concerns with social networking services __knowledge__ The massive influx of personal information that has become available online and stored in the cloud has put user privacy at the forefront of discussion of the databases ability to safely store such personal information.", "Privacy concerns with social networking services __knowledge__ The extent to which users and social media platform administrators can access user profiles has become a new topic of ethical consideration and the legality, awareness and boundaries of subsequent privacy violations are critical concerns in the advance of the technological age." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ In computing, React (sometimes styled React.js or ReactJS) is a JavaScript library for building user interfaces.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ It is maintained by Facebook, Instagram and a community of individual developers and corporations.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ React allows developers to create large web-applications that use data and can change over time without reloading the page.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ It aims primarily to provide speed, simplicity, and scalability.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ React processes only user interfaces in applications.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ This corresponds to View in the Model-View-Controller (MVC) pattern, and can be used in combination with other JavaScript libraries or frameworks in MVC, such as AngularJS.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ React was created by Jordan Walke, a software engineer at Facebook.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ He was influenced by XHP, an HTML component framework for PHP.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ It was first deployed on Facebook's newsfeed in 2011 and later on Instagram.com in 2012.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ It was open-sourced at JSConf US in May 2013.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ React Native, which enables native Android, iOS, and UWP development with React, was announced at Facebook's React.js Conf in February 2015 and open-sourced in March 2015.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ On April 18, 2017, Facebook announced React Fiber, a new core algorithm of React framework library for building user interfaces.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ React Fiber will become the foundation of any future improvements and feature development of the React framework.", "JavaScript __knowledge__ JavaScript (), often abbreviated as JS, is a high-level, dynamic, weakly typed, prototype-based, multi-paradigm, and interpreted programming language.", "JavaScript __knowledge__ Alongside HTML and CSS, JavaScript is one of the three core technologies of World Wide Web content production.", "JavaScript __knowledge__ It is used to make webpages interactive and provide online programs, including video games.", "JavaScript __knowledge__ The majority of websites employ it, and all modern web browsers support it without the need for plug-ins by means of a built-in JavaScript engine.", "JavaScript __knowledge__ Each of the many JavaScript engines represent a different implementation of JavaScript, all based on the ECMAScript specification, with some engines not supporting the spec fully, and with many engines supporting additional features beyond ECMA.", "JavaScript syntax __knowledge__ The syntax of JavaScript is the set of rules that define a correctly structured JavaScript program.", "JavaScript syntax __knowledge__ The examples below make use of the log function of the console object present in most browsers for standard text output.", "JavaScript syntax __knowledge__ The JavaScript standard library lacks an official standard text output function.", "JavaScript syntax __knowledge__ Given that JavaScript is mainly used for client-side scripting within modern Web browsers, and that almost all Web browsers provide the alert function, alert can also be used, but is not commonly used.", "JavaScript syntax __knowledge__ Brendan Eich summarized the ancestry of the syntax in the first paragraph of the JavaScript 1.1 specification as follows: JavaScript is case sensitive.", "Unobtrusive JavaScript __knowledge__ Unobtrusive JavaScript is a general approach to the use of JavaScript in web pages.", "Unobtrusive JavaScript __knowledge__ Though the term is not formally defined, its basic principles are generally understood to include: JavaScript historically has had a reputation for being a clumsy language unsuitable for serious application development.", "Unobtrusive JavaScript __knowledge__ This has been largely due to inconsistent implementations of the language itself and the Document Object Model (DOM) in various browsers, and the widespread use of buggy copy-and-paste code.", "Unobtrusive JavaScript __knowledge__ Runtime errors were so common (and so difficult to debug) that few programmers ever tried to fix them, as long as the script behaved more or less the way it was supposed to; scripts often failed completely in some browsers.", "JavaScript engine __knowledge__ A JavaScript engine is a program or interpreter which executes JavaScript code.", "JavaScript engine __knowledge__ A JavaScript engine may be a traditional interpreter, or it may utilize just-in-time compilation to bytecode in some manner.", "JavaScript engine __knowledge__ Although there are several uses for a JavaScript engine, it is most commonly used in Web browsers.", "JavaScript engine __knowledge__ Before the second browser war in 2008-2009, JavaScript engines (also termed \"JavaScript interpreter\" or \"JavaScript implementation\") were simply interpreters that read and executed JavaScript source code.", "JavaScript engine __knowledge__ The first JavaScript engine was created by Brendan Eich at Netscape Communications Corporation for the Netscape Navigator web browser.", "TypeScript __knowledge__ TypeScript is a free and open-source programming language developed and maintained by Microsoft.", "TypeScript __knowledge__ It is a strict syntactical superset of JavaScript, and adds optional static typing to the language.", "TypeScript __knowledge__ Anders Hejlsberg, lead architect of C# and creator of Delphi and Turbo Pascal, has worked on the development of TypeScript.", "TypeScript __knowledge__ TypeScript may be used to develop JavaScript applications for client-side or server-side (Node.js) execution.", "TypeScript __knowledge__ TypeScript is designed for development of large applications and compiles to JavaScript.", "TypeScript __knowledge__ As TypeScript is a superset of JavaScript, existing JavaScript programs are also valid TypeScript programs.", "JSON __knowledge__ In computing, JavaScript Object Notation or JSON ( ) is an open-standard file format that uses human-readable text to transmit data objects consisting of attribute–value pairs and array data types (or any other serializable value).", "JSON __knowledge__ It is a very common data format used for asynchronous browser–server communication, including as a replacement for XML in some AJAX-style systems.", "JSON __knowledge__ JSON is a language-independent data format.", "JSON __knowledge__ It was derived from JavaScript, but many programming languages include code to generate and parse JSON-format data.", "JSON __knowledge__ The official Internet media type for JSON is codice_1.", "JSON __knowledge__ JSON filenames use the extension codice_2.", "Node.js __knowledge__ Node.js is an open-source, cross-platform JavaScript run-time environment for executing JavaScript code server-side.", "Node.js __knowledge__ Historically, JavaScript was used primarily for client-side scripting, in which scripts written in JavaScript are embedded in a webpage's HTML, to be run client-side by a JavaScript engine in the user's web browser.", "Node.js __knowledge__ Node.js enables JavaScript to be used for server-side scripting, and runs scripts server-side to produce dynamic web page content \"before\" the page is sent to the user's web browser.", "Node.js __knowledge__ Consequently, Node.js has become one of the foundational elements of the \"JavaScript everywhere\" paradigm, allowing web application development to unify around a single programming language, rather than rely on a different language for writing server side scripts.", "User interface markup language __knowledge__ A user interface markup language is a markup language that renders and describes graphical user interfaces and controls.", "User interface markup language __knowledge__ Many of these markup languages are dialects of XML and are dependent upon a pre-existing scripting language engine, usually a JavaScript engine, for rendering of controls and extra scriptability.", "User interface markup language __knowledge__ The concept of the user interface markup languages is primarily based upon the desire to prevent the \"re-invention of the wheel\" in the design, development and function of a user interface; such re-invention comes in the form of coding a script for the entire user interface.", "User interface markup language __knowledge__ The typical user interface markup language solidifies often re-used program or script code in the form of markup, making it easier to focus upon design of a user interface in an understandable dialect as opposed to focus on function.", "JavaScript library __knowledge__ A JavaScript library is a library of pre-written JavaScript which allows for easier development of JavaScript-based applications, especially for AJAX and other web-centric technologies.", "JavaScript library __knowledge__ While JavaScript, as first developed by Netscape (and later Mozilla), has long had a presence on the Web for many websites, it gained a particular pitch with the rise of the Web 2.0 era of computing, in which JavaScript became increasingly used for the development of user interfaces for applications, both web-based and desktop-based.", "JavaScript library __knowledge__ JavaScript was also combined with CSS to create dynamic web pages, which have also become popular as a more efficient and accessible alternative to Flash-based websites.", "National Tribune __knowledge__ National Tribune was an independent newspaper and publishing company owned by the National Tribune Company, formed in 1877 in Washington, D.C. \"The National Tribune\" (official title) was a post-Civil War newspaper based in Washington, D.C. published by the National Tribune Publishing Co. \"A Monthly Journal devoted to the interests of the Soldiers and Sailors of the late war, and all Pensioners of the United States\" was the caption under the paper's title.", "National Tribune __knowledge__ The \"National Tribune\" served generally as the organ of the Grand Army of the Republic, (G.A.R.)", "National Tribune __knowledge__ and as a forum for old soldiers to share their reminiscences.", "Redux (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ Redux is an open-source JavaScript library designed for managing application state.", "Redux (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ It is primarily (but not mandatorily) used together with React or Angular for building user interfaces.", "Redux (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ Redux was created by Dan Abramov and Andrew Clark in 2015.", "Redux (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ Redux is inspired by Facebook’s Flux and influenced by functional programming language Elm.", "Redux (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ Redux is a predictable state container for JavaScript apps.", "Redux (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ It helps developers write applications that behave consistently, run in different environments (client, server, and native), and are easy to test.", "Redux (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ Additionally, it provides improvements to the developer experience, like live code editing combined with a time traveling debugger." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ In computing, React (sometimes styled React.js or ReactJS) is a JavaScript library for building user interfaces.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ It is maintained by Facebook, Instagram and a community of individual developers and corporations.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ React allows developers to create large web-applications that use data and can change over time without reloading the page.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ It aims primarily to provide speed, simplicity, and scalability.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ React processes only user interfaces in applications.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ This corresponds to View in the Model-View-Controller (MVC) pattern, and can be used in combination with other JavaScript libraries or frameworks in MVC, such as AngularJS.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ React was created by Jordan Walke, a software engineer at Facebook.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ He was influenced by XHP, an HTML component framework for PHP.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ It was first deployed on Facebook's newsfeed in 2011 and later on Instagram.com in 2012.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ It was open-sourced at JSConf US in May 2013.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ React Native, which enables native Android, iOS, and UWP development with React, was announced at Facebook's React.js Conf in February 2015 and open-sourced in March 2015.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ On April 18, 2017, Facebook announced React Fiber, a new core algorithm of React framework library for building user interfaces.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ React Fiber will become the foundation of any future improvements and feature development of the React framework.", "IPhone __knowledge__ iPhone ( ) is a line of smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone __knowledge__ They run Apple's iOS mobile operating system.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The first-generation iPhone was released on June 29, 2007, and there have been multiple new hardware iterations with new iOS releases since.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The user interface is built around the device's multi-touch screen, including a virtual keyboard.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The iPhone has Wi-Fi and can connect to cellular networks.", "IPhone __knowledge__ An iPhone can shoot video (though this was not a standard feature until the iPhone 3GS), take photos, play music, send and receive email, browse the web, send and receive text messages, follow GPS navigation, record notes, perform mathematical calculations, and receive visual voicemail.", "List of Google April Fools' Day jokes __knowledge__ Google frequently inserts jokes and hoaxes into its products on April Fools' Day, which takes place on April 1.", "List of Google April Fools' Day jokes __knowledge__ Google's first April Fools' Day hoax, the Mental flex hoax, invited users to project a mental image of what they wanted to find whilst staring at an animated GIF.", "List of Google April Fools' Day jokes __knowledge__ Several humorous error messages were then displayed on the search results page, all listed below: An additional error message was included which converted all navigation text to German, but was scrapped after user complaints.", "List of Google April Fools' Day jokes __knowledge__ Google reveals the technology behind its PageRank Systems—PigeonRank.", "List of Google April Fools' Day jokes __knowledge__ Google touts the benefits of this cost-effective and efficient means of ranking pages and reassures readers that there is no animal cruelty involved in the process.", "Synthesizer __knowledge__ A synthesizer (often abbreviated as synth, also spelled synthesiser) is an electronic musical instrument that generates electric signals that are converted to sound through instrument amplifiers and loudspeakers or headphones.", "Synthesizer __knowledge__ Synthesizers may either imitate traditional musical instruments like piano, Hammond organ, flute, vocals; natural sounds like ocean waves, etc.", "Synthesizer __knowledge__ ; or generate novel electronic timbres.", "Synthesizer __knowledge__ They are often played with a musical keyboard, but they can be controlled via a variety of other input devices, including music sequencers, instrument controllers, fingerboards, guitar synthesizers, wind controllers, and electronic drums.", "Electric vehicle warning sounds __knowledge__ Electric vehicle warning sounds are a series of sounds designed to alert pedestrians to the presence of electric drive vehicles such as hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), and all-electric vehicles (EVs) travelling at low speeds.", "Electric vehicle warning sounds __knowledge__ Warning sound devices were deemed necessary by some government regulators because vehicles operating in all-electric mode produce less noise than traditional combustion engine vehicles and can make it more difficult for pedestrians, the blind, cyclists, and others, to be aware of their presence.", "Electric vehicle warning sounds __knowledge__ Warning sounds may be driver triggered (as in a horn but less urgent) or automatic at low speeds; in type, they vary from clearly artificial (beeps, chimes) to those that mimic engine sounds and those of tires moving over gravel.", "World Conference on Women, 1975 __knowledge__ World Conference on Women, 1975 was held between 19 June and 2 July 1975 in Mexico City, Mexico.", "World Conference on Women, 1975 __knowledge__ It was the first international conference held by the United Nations to focus solely on women's issues and marked a turning point in policy directives.", "World Conference on Women, 1975 __knowledge__ After this meeting, women were viewed as part of the process to develop and implement policy, rather than recipients of assistance.", "World Conference on Women, 1975 __knowledge__ The conference was one of the events established for International Women's Year and led to the creation of both the United Nations Decade for Women and follow-up conferences to evaluate the progress that had been made in eliminating discrimination against women and their equality.", "Hearing aid __knowledge__ A hearing aid is a device designed to improve hearing by making sound audible to a person with hearing loss.", "Hearing aid __knowledge__ Hearing aids are classified as medical devices in most countries, and regulated by the respective regulations.", "Hearing aid __knowledge__ Small audio amplifiers such as PSAPs or other plain sound reinforcing systems cannot be sold as \"hearing aids\".", "Hearing aid __knowledge__ Early devices, such as ear trumpets or ear horns, were passive amplification cones designed to gather sound energy and direct it into the ear canal.", "Hearing aid __knowledge__ Modern devices are computerised electroacoustic systems that transform environmental sound to make it audible, according to audiometrical and cognitive rules.", "Anthony Eden __knowledge__ Robert Anthony Eden, 1st Earl of Avon, (12 June 1897 – 14 January 1977) was a British Conservative politician who served three periods as Foreign Secretary and then a relatively brief term as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1955 to 1957.", "Anthony Eden __knowledge__ Achieving rapid promotion as a young Member of Parliament, he became Foreign Secretary aged 38, before resigning in protest at Neville Chamberlain's appeasement policy towards Mussolini's Italy.", "Anthony Eden __knowledge__ He again held that position for most of the Second World War, and a third time in the early 1950s.", "Anthony Eden __knowledge__ Having been deputy to Winston Churchill for almost 15 years, he succeeded him as the Leader of the Conservative Party and Prime Minister in April 1955, and a month later won a general election.", "Handloading __knowledge__ Handloading or reloading is the process of loading firearm cartridges or shotgun shells by assembling the individual components (case/hull, primer, powder, and bullet/shot), rather than purchasing completely assembled, factory-loaded ammunition.", "Handloading __knowledge__ The term \"handloading\" is the more general term, as it refers to assembly of ammunition using components from any source.", "Handloading __knowledge__ \"Reloading\" refers more specifically to the assembly of ammunition re-using cases or shells from previously fired ammunition.", "Handloading __knowledge__ The terms are often used interchangeably, as the techniques are largely the same whether using new or previously fired components.", "Adobe Flash __knowledge__ Adobe Flash is a multimedia software platform used for production of animations, rich Internet applications, desktop applications, mobile applications, mobile games and embedded web browser video players.", "Adobe Flash __knowledge__ Flash displays text, vector graphics and raster graphics to provide animations, video games and applications.", "Adobe Flash __knowledge__ It allows streaming of audio and video, and can capture mouse, keyboard, microphone and camera input.", "Adobe Flash __knowledge__ Artists may produce Flash graphics and animations using Adobe Animate.", "Adobe Flash __knowledge__ Software developers may produce applications and video games using Adobe Flash Builder, FlashDevelop, Flash Catalyst, or any text editor when used with the Apache Flex SDK.", "Features new to Windows Vista __knowledge__ Compared with previous versions of Microsoft Windows, new features of Windows Vista are numerous, covering most aspects of the operating system.", "Features new to Windows Vista __knowledge__ They include new technical features, new aspects of security and safety, new networking features, new I/O technologies, and additional management features.", "Features new to Windows Vista __knowledge__ Premium editions of Windows Vista include a redesigned user interface and visual style, named \"Windows Aero (Authentic, Energetic, Reflective and Open)\".", "Features new to Windows Vista __knowledge__ Aero is intended to be cleaner and more aesthetically pleasing than previous Windows versions, including glass-like transparencies and window animations.", "Kodi (software) __knowledge__ Kodi (formerly XBMC) is a free and open-source media player software application developed by the XBMC Foundation, a non-profit technology consortium.", "Kodi (software) __knowledge__ Kodi is available for multiple operating systems and hardware platforms, with a software 10-foot user interface for use with televisions and remote controls.", "Kodi (software) __knowledge__ It allows users to play and view most streaming media, such as videos, music, podcasts, and videos from the Internet, as well as all common digital media files from local and network storage media.", "Kodi (software) __knowledge__ It is a multi-platform home-theater PC (HTPC) application.", "Kodi (software) __knowledge__ Kodi is highly customizable: a variety of skins can change its appearance, and various plug-ins allow users to access streaming media content via online services such as Amazon Prime Instant Video, Crackle, Pandora Internet Radio, Rhapsody, Spotify, and YouTube.", "Features new to Windows XP __knowledge__ Windows XP introduced many features not found in previous versions of Windows.", "Features new to Windows XP __knowledge__ With the introduction of Windows XP, the C++ based software-only GDI+ subsystem was introduced to replace certain GDI functions.", "Features new to Windows XP __knowledge__ GDI+ adds anti-aliased 2D graphics, textures, floating point coordinates, gradient shading, more complex path management, bicubic filtering, intrinsic support for modern graphics-file formats like JPEG and PNG, and support for composition of affine transformations in the 2D view pipeline.", "Features new to Windows XP __knowledge__ GDI+ uses ARGB values to represent color.", "Features new to Windows XP __knowledge__ Use of these features is apparent in Windows XP's user interface (transparent desktop icon labels, drop shadows for icon labels on the desktop, shadows under menus, translucent blue selection rectangle in Windows Explorer, sliding task panes and taskbar buttons), and several of its applications such as Microsoft Paint, Windows Picture and Fax Viewer, \"Photo Printing Wizard\", My Pictures Slideshow screensaver, and their presence in the basic graphics layer greatly simplifies implementations of vector-graphics systems such as Flash or SVG." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ In computing, React (sometimes styled React.js or ReactJS) is a JavaScript library for building user interfaces.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ It is maintained by Facebook, Instagram and a community of individual developers and corporations.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ React allows developers to create large web-applications that use data and can change over time without reloading the page.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ It aims primarily to provide speed, simplicity, and scalability.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ React processes only user interfaces in applications.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ This corresponds to View in the Model-View-Controller (MVC) pattern, and can be used in combination with other JavaScript libraries or frameworks in MVC, such as AngularJS.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ React was created by Jordan Walke, a software engineer at Facebook.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ He was influenced by XHP, an HTML component framework for PHP.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ It was first deployed on Facebook's newsfeed in 2011 and later on Instagram.com in 2012.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ It was open-sourced at JSConf US in May 2013.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ React Native, which enables native Android, iOS, and UWP development with React, was announced at Facebook's React.js Conf in February 2015 and open-sourced in March 2015.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ On April 18, 2017, Facebook announced React Fiber, a new core algorithm of React framework library for building user interfaces.", "React (JavaScript library) __knowledge__ React Fiber will become the foundation of any future improvements and feature development of the React framework.", "Java (software platform) __knowledge__ Java is a set of computer software and specifications developed by Sun Microsystems, which was later acquired by the Oracle Corporation, that provides a system for developing application software and deploying it in a cross-platform computing environment.", "Java (software platform) __knowledge__ Java is used in a wide variety of computing platforms from embedded devices and mobile phones to enterprise servers and supercomputers.", "Java (software platform) __knowledge__ Java applets, which are less common than standalone Java applications, run in secure, sandboxed environments to provide many features of native applications and can be embedded in HTML pages.", "Java (software platform) __knowledge__ Writing in the Java programming language is the primary way to produce code that will be deployed as byte code in a Java virtual machine (JVM); byte code compilers are also available for other languages, including Ada, JavaScript, Python, and Ruby.", "Sun Microsystems __knowledge__ Sun Microsystems, Inc. was an American company which sold computers, computer components, software, and information technology services, and that created the Java programming language, the Solaris operating system, ZFS, the Network File System (NFS) and SPARC.", "Sun Microsystems __knowledge__ Sun contributed significantly to the evolution of several key computing technologies, among them Unix, RISC processors, thin client computing, and virtualized computing.", "Sun Microsystems __knowledge__ Sun was founded on February 24, 1982.", "Sun Microsystems __knowledge__ At its height, the Sun headquarters were in Santa Clara, California (part of Silicon Valley), on the former west campus of the Agnews Developmental Center.", "Fancy Crane __knowledge__ Fancy Crane is a fictional character on the NBC/DirecTV soap opera \"Passions\" and is portrayed by actress Emily Harper from the May 13, 2005 episode through the series finale.", "Fancy Crane __knowledge__ Following her debut, Fancy quickly becomes one of the soap's lead heroines — Harper appears in 209 out of the 254 episodes that aired in 2006, a feat surpassed only by Lindsay Hartley (Theresa).", "Fancy Crane __knowledge__ Introduced in the May 13, 2005 episode alongside fellow Harmonyite Noah Bennett in Las Vegas, Fancy is quickly characterized as a vain, spoiled celebutante comparable to Paris Hilton and is soon revealed to be one of the frequently mentioned but heretofore unseen daughters of Julian and Ivy Crane; she is also established to be the favorite granddaughter of billionaire villain Alistair Crane and is later revealed to be the sole heiress to his empire.", "Java concurrency __knowledge__ The Java programming language and the Java virtual machine (JVM) have been designed to support concurrent programming, and all execution takes place in the context of threads.", "Java concurrency __knowledge__ Objects and resources can be accessed by many separate threads; each thread has its own path of execution but can potentially access any object in the program.", "Java concurrency __knowledge__ The programmer must ensure read and write access to objects is properly coordinated (or \"synchronized\") between threads.", "Java concurrency __knowledge__ Thread synchronization ensures that objects are modified by only one thread at a time and that threads are prevented from accessing partially updated objects during modification by another thread.", "List of Suits characters __knowledge__ \"Suits\" is an American legal drama created by Aaron Korsh and premiered on USA Network in June 2011.", "List of Suits characters __knowledge__ The series revolves around Harvey Specter (Gabriel Macht), a senior partner at a top law firm in Manhattan, and his recently hired associate attorney Mike Ross (Patrick J. Adams) as they hide the fact that Mike does not have a law degree.", "List of Suits characters __knowledge__ Each episode focuses on a single legal case and its challenges while examining the work environment of the firm, Mike's and Harvey's personal relationships, and problems stemming from Mike's lack of a degree.", "List of Suits characters __knowledge__ The rest of the starring cast portray other employees at the firm: Louis Litt (Rick Hoffman), Rachel Zane (Meghan Markle), a paralegal who develops feelings for Mike; Donna Paulsen (Sarah Rafferty), Harvey's long-time legal secretary, close friend, and confidant; and Jessica Pearson (Gina Torres), the co-founder and managing partner of the firm.", "Enterprise JavaBeans __knowledge__ Enterprise JavaBeans (EJB) is one of several Java APIs for modular construction of enterprise software.", "Enterprise JavaBeans __knowledge__ EJB is a server-side software component that encapsulates business logic of an application.", "Enterprise JavaBeans __knowledge__ An EJB web container provides a runtime environment for web related software components, including computer security, Java servlet lifecycle management, transaction processing, and other web services.", "Enterprise JavaBeans __knowledge__ The EJB specification is a subset of the Java EE specification.", "Enterprise JavaBeans __knowledge__ The EJB specification was originally developed in 1997 by IBM and later adopted by Sun Microsystems (EJB 1.0 and 1.1) in 1999 and enhanced under the Java Community Process as JSR 19 (EJB 2.0), JSR 153 (EJB 2.1), JSR 220 (EJB 3.0), JSR 318 (EJB 3.1) and JSR 345 (EJB 3.2).", "Java (programming language) __knowledge__ Java is a general-purpose computer-programming language that is concurrent, class-based, object-oriented, and specifically designed to have as few implementation dependencies as possible.", "Java (programming language) __knowledge__ It is intended to let application developers \"write once, run anywhere\" (WORA), meaning that compiled Java code can run on all platforms that support Java without the need for recompilation.", "Java (programming language) __knowledge__ Java applications are typically compiled to bytecode that can run on any Java virtual machine (JVM) regardless of computer architecture.", "Java (programming language) __knowledge__ As of 2016, Java is one of the most popular programming languages in use, particularly for client-server web applications, with a reported 9 million developers.", "Scalability __knowledge__ Scalability is the capability of a system, network, or process to handle a growing amount of work, or its potential to be enlarged to accommodate that growth.", "Scalability __knowledge__ For example, a system is considered scalable if it is capable of increasing its total output under an increased load when resources (typically hardware) are added.", "Scalability __knowledge__ An analogous meaning is implied when the word is used in an economic context, where a company's scalability implies that the underlying business model offers the potential for economic growth within the company.", "Scalability __knowledge__ Scalability, as a property of systems, is generally difficult to define and in any particular case it is necessary to define the specific requirements for scalability on those dimensions that are deemed important.", "Software testing __knowledge__ Software testing is an investigation conducted to provide stakeholders with information about the quality of the software product or service under test.", "Software testing __knowledge__ Software testing can also provide an objective, independent view of the software to allow the business to appreciate and understand the risks of software implementation.", "Software testing __knowledge__ Test techniques include the process of executing a program or application with the intent of finding software bugs (errors or other defects), and verifying that the software product is fit for use.", "Software testing __knowledge__ Software testing involves the execution of a software component or system component to evaluate one or more properties of interest.", "Clusterpoint __knowledge__ Clusterpoint is a European software technology company developing and supporting Clusterpoint database management system platform.", "Clusterpoint __knowledge__ Company was founded by software engineers.", "Clusterpoint __knowledge__ Company is venture capital backed.", "Clusterpoint __knowledge__ Clusterpoint is a schema-free document database that removes complexity, scalability problems and performance limitations of relational database architecture.", "Clusterpoint __knowledge__ Clusterpoint database eliminates customer integration efforts among database, search and analytics platforms.", "Clusterpoint __knowledge__ Clusterpoint database replaces integrated multi-platform solutions with a single-platform and one-API solution, typically, where SQL RDBMS data is used in combination with an enterprise search engine to address performance and scalability needs of web and mobile applications, or where Big data and analytics tools such as Hadoop might be needed due to sheer volume of data or large computing workloads.", "YES Network __knowledge__ The Yankees Entertainment and Sports Network (YES) is an American cable and satellite television regional sports network that is owned by 21st Century Fox (which owns a controlling 80% interest and serves as managing partner) and Yankee Global Enterprises (which owns the remaining 20%).", "YES Network __knowledge__ Primarily serving New York City, New York and the surrounding metropolitan area, it broadcasts a variety of sports events, as well as magazine, documentary and discussion programs; however, its main emphasis is focused on games and team-related programs involving the New York Yankees of Major League Baseball (owned by minority partner Yankee Global), the NBA's Brooklyn Nets and New York City FC of Major League Soccer.", "GigaSpaces __knowledge__ GigaSpaces Technologies Inc., is a privately held Israeli software company, established in 2000, with its headquarters located in New York City, with additional offices in Europe, and Asia.", "GigaSpaces __knowledge__ GigaSpaces was founded in 2000 by Nati Shalom, the company's CTO, who is also a co-founder member of the Israeli Grid consortium, the Israeli non-profit organization focused on grid computing, virtualization, and cloud computing technology.", "GigaSpaces __knowledge__ GigaSpaces initially focused on products that provide distributed computing for extreme transaction processing, and in February 2012, an additional open source platform as a service called Cloudify, a cloud computing technology was made generally available.", "Distributed file system for cloud __knowledge__ A distributed file system for cloud is a file system that allows many clients to have access to data and supports operations (create, delete, modify, read, write) on that data.", "Distributed file system for cloud __knowledge__ Each data file may be partitioned into several parts called chunks.", "Distributed file system for cloud __knowledge__ Each chunk may be stored on different remote machines, facilitating the parallel execution of applications.", "Distributed file system for cloud __knowledge__ Typically, data is stored in files in a hierarchical tree, where the nodes represent directories.", "Distributed file system for cloud __knowledge__ There are several ways to share files in a distributed architecture: each solution must be suitable for a certain type of application, depending on how complex the application is.", "Flight management system __knowledge__ A flight management system (FMS) is a fundamental component of a modern airliner's avionics.", "Flight management system __knowledge__ An FMS is a specialized computer system that automates a wide variety of in-flight tasks, reducing the workload on the flight crew to the point that modern civilian aircraft no longer carry flight engineers or navigators.", "Flight management system __knowledge__ A primary function is in-flight management of the flight plan.", "Flight management system __knowledge__ Using various sensors (such as GPS and INS often backed up by radio navigation) to determine the aircraft's position, the FMS can guide the aircraft along the flight plan.", "Flight management system __knowledge__ From the cockpit, the FMS is normally controlled through a Control Display Unit (CDU) which incorporates a small screen and keyboard or touchscreen." ] ]

[ 2, 1, 3, 4, 0 ]

[ "good evening. have you heard of react? It is maintained by Facebook, Instagram", "it is a JavaScript library for building user interfaces", "Well React allows developers to create large web-applications. they use data and can change over time without reloading the page.", "Yes, primarily provides speed, simplicity, and scalability.", "very cool. I am looking to get into it myself. just in the learning stage." ]

[ "React (JavaScript library)", "React (JavaScript library)", "React (JavaScript library)", "React (JavaScript library)", "React (JavaScript library)" ]

[ "Talent show\nI always used to enter my schools talent show when I was very young, but I dont think I ever won first place...", "Oh man magic is so cool! Did you win anything?", "Oh I see. We always had to like do an audition first because they only allowed so many spots in the actual show, and way more then the amount of spots would sign up to be in it. ", "Lol! I remember this one boy dressed up like Elvis and sang Hound Dog, and he won that year. It was adorable but I was still upset I didn't win. Haha!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Talent show __knowledge__ A talent show is an event where participants perform talents of singing, dancing, lip-synching, acting, drumming, martial arts, playing an instrument, or other activities to showcase skills.", "Talent show __knowledge__ Many talent shows are performances rather than contests, but some are actual contests.", "Talent show __knowledge__ In the instance of a contest, participants may be motivated to perform for a reward, trophy, or prize of some kind.", "Talent show __knowledge__ For example, a high school might not have many students with any interest in performing in front of the student body for the sole purpose of performing alone and may offer different prizes as an incentive for these students to participate in the contest.", "Talent show __knowledge__ In recent times, talent shows have become a notable genre of reality television, such as \"Idol\", \"Got Talent\", \"The X Factor\", \"The Voice\" and \"Rising Star\", which have been critical in catapulting some amateur artists to stardom and resulting in their commercially successful careers.", "Talent show __knowledge__ Talent shows can be seen as a way to help boost the self-esteem, confidence, and assurance of youth.", "Talent show __knowledge__ Some communities and companies see talent shows as a way to help prevent juvenile delinquency among children, teens, and young adults.", "Talent show __knowledge__ As a result, these communities create programs such as Girls Only!", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ Red Hot Chili Peppers are an American funk rock band formed in Los Angeles in 1983.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ The group's musical style primarily consists of rock with an emphasis on funk, as well as elements from other genres such as punk rock and psychedelic rock.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ When played live, their music incorporates elements of jam band due to the improvised nature of many of their performances.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ Currently, the band consists of founding members vocalist/rhythm guitarist Anthony Kiedis and bassist Flea, longtime drummer Chad Smith, and former touring guitarist Josh Klinghoffer.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ Red Hot Chili Peppers are one of the best-selling bands of all time with over 80 million records sold worldwide, have been nominated for sixteen Grammy Awards, of which they have won six, and are the most successful band in alternative rock radio history, currently holding the records for most number-one singles (13), most cumulative weeks at number one (85) and most top-ten songs (25) on the \"Billboard\" Alternative Songs chart.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ Bob Dylan (; born Robert Allen Zimmerman, May 24, 1941) is an American singer-songwriter, author, and painter, who has been an influential figure in popular music and culture for more than five decades.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ Much of his most celebrated work dates from the 1960s, when he became a reluctant \"voice of a generation\" with songs such as \"Blowin' in the Wind\" and \"The Times They Are a-Changin'\" that became anthems for the Civil Rights Movement and anti-war movement.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ In 1965, he controversially abandoned his early fan-base in the American folk music revival, recording a six-minute single, \"Like a Rolling Stone\", which enlarged the scope of popular music.", "T–V distinction __knowledge__ In sociolinguistics, a T–V distinction (from the Latin pronouns tu\" and vos\") is a contrast, within one language, between various forms of addressing one's conversation partner or partners that are specialized for varying levels of politeness, social distance, courtesy, familiarity, age or insult toward the addressee.", "T–V distinction __knowledge__ Many languages lack this type of distinction, instead relying on more explicit wording to convey these meanings.", "T–V distinction __knowledge__ The morphosyntactic T–V distinction, though, is found in a variety of languages around the world.", "T–V distinction __knowledge__ Modern English technically has the T–V distinction, manifested in the pronouns \"thou\" and \"you\", though the familiar \"thou\" is no longer used in most contemporary dialects.", "Britain's Got Talent __knowledge__ Britain's Got Talent (often abbreviated to BGT) is a British television talent show competition, and is part of the \"Got Talent\" franchise.", "Britain's Got Talent __knowledge__ Produced by both Thames (formerly Talkback Thames) and Syco Entertainment production, and distributed by FremantleMedia, it has been broadcast on ITV since June 2007, and is hosted by Ant & Dec, with each series accompanied by a sister show on ITV2 entitled Britain's Got More Talent presented by Stephen Mulhern.", "Britain's Got Talent __knowledge__ Contestants of any age, who possess some sort of talent, can audition for the show, with their performance judged by a panel of judges; the current lineup consists of the show's creator Simon Cowell, Amanda Holden, Alesha Dixon, and David Walliams.", "List of High School Musical characters __knowledge__ The following article is a list of characters appearing in the \"High School Musical\" film series.", "List of High School Musical characters __knowledge__ Currently, the characters who appear in \"High School Musical\", \"High School Musical 2\", and \"\" are listed.", "List of High School Musical characters __knowledge__ The first three films focus on the six main characters.", "List of High School Musical characters __knowledge__ The first film chronicles events occurring over several weeks in their junior year of high school, with the second film taking place the following summer.", "List of High School Musical characters __knowledge__ The third film is set in the final semester of senior year.", "List of High School Musical characters __knowledge__ Classmates and parents of these characters, as well as various other characters, are also featured.", "List of High School Musical characters __knowledge__ Troy Bolton is the main protagonist of the first three films.", "Claes van Heussen __knowledge__ Claes van Heussen (1598 – 1633, Haarlem), was a Dutch Golden Age still life painter who died young.", "Claes van Heussen __knowledge__ According to the RKD he was a still life painter whose birthplace is unknown.", "Claes van Heussen __knowledge__ He is known for a few fruit still lifes and vanitas pieces during a very short period in Haarlem.", "Claes van Heussen __knowledge__ He was first registered in Haarlem in 1625, and in 1631 he declared he was 32, and in 1633 his wife is mentioned in a document as a widow.", "Claes van Heussen __knowledge__ One of his market scenes is adorned with the figure of a young woman reaching in a basket, that was painted by Frans Hals.", "Claes van Heussen __knowledge__ In the notes on town meetings in the archives of the Haarlem Guild of St. Luke under April 4, 1633, the surgeon Jan Snijder and Pieter Jansz Saenredam declared to the mayors of Haarlem that all paintings on a list belonged to the estate of Claes van Heussen, in the name of his widow.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Elvis Aaron Presley (January 8, 1935 – August 16, 1977) was an American singer, musician, and actor.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Regarded as one of the most significant cultural icons of the 20th century, he is often referred to as the \"King of Rock and Roll\" or simply \"the King\".", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Presley was born in Tupelo, Mississippi, and relocated to Memphis, Tennessee, with his family when he was 13 years old.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ His music career began there in 1954, recording at Sun Records with producer Sam Phillips, who wanted to bring the sound of African American music to a wider audience.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Accompanied by guitarist Scotty Moore and bassist Bill Black, Presley was a pioneer of rockabilly, an uptempo, backbeat-driven fusion of country music and rhythm and blues." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Talent show __knowledge__ A talent show is an event where participants perform talents of singing, dancing, lip-synching, acting, drumming, martial arts, playing an instrument, or other activities to showcase skills.", "Talent show __knowledge__ Many talent shows are performances rather than contests, but some are actual contests.", "Talent show __knowledge__ In the instance of a contest, participants may be motivated to perform for a reward, trophy, or prize of some kind.", "Talent show __knowledge__ For example, a high school might not have many students with any interest in performing in front of the student body for the sole purpose of performing alone and may offer different prizes as an incentive for these students to participate in the contest.", "Talent show __knowledge__ In recent times, talent shows have become a notable genre of reality television, such as \"Idol\", \"Got Talent\", \"The X Factor\", \"The Voice\" and \"Rising Star\", which have been critical in catapulting some amateur artists to stardom and resulting in their commercially successful careers.", "Talent show __knowledge__ Talent shows can be seen as a way to help boost the self-esteem, confidence, and assurance of youth.", "Talent show __knowledge__ Some communities and companies see talent shows as a way to help prevent juvenile delinquency among children, teens, and young adults.", "Talent show __knowledge__ As a result, these communities create programs such as Girls Only!", "Oh Man-seok __knowledge__ Oh Man-seok (born January 30, 1975) is a South Korean actor.", "Oh Man-seok __knowledge__ Best known for playing the titular transgender singer in rock musical \"Hedwig and the Angry Inch\", Oh's acting career spans theater, television and film.", "Oh Man-seok __knowledge__ Oh Man-seok graduated from the School of Drama at Korea National University of Arts with a BFA in Acting.", "Oh Man-seok __knowledge__ He made his stage debut in \"Faust\" in 1999.", "Oh Man-seok __knowledge__ One of his early notable roles was as the androgynous court jester Gong-gil who becomes the object of obsession of the tyrant King Yeonsan in \"Yi\", which would later be adapted into the hit 2005 film \"King and the Clown\".", "Oh Man-seok __knowledge__ Highly acclaimed for his portrayal of Gong-gil, Oh was awarded Best New Actor by the National Theater Association of Korea for the play's first run in 2000, and he reprised the role four more times in 2001, 2003, 2006, and 2010.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters for the British television and radio sketch show \"Little Britain\" (and its American spin-off, \"Little Britain USA\").", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played By: David Walliams Appearances: Season 3 Alan works for the Donkey Hospice in the town of Achingballs.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ After contributors give him some money, he blatantly places stickers on embarrassing body parts, such as the genital region or breasts and on someone's rear in a deleted scene.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ He makes one appearance in Series 3.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played by: David Walliams Episodes: Radio Show; Season 1, episodes 4 and 5 Catchphrase: \"I love you Anne\" and \"I need you Anne\" Peter Andre is a royal BBC correspondent who gets sacked after first making surreal and false claims about the Royal Family (such as Prince Charles having magical powers, describing The Queen as \"The Main One\" and mistaking Princess Eugenie for her mother, Sarah, Duchess of York) and then expressing his love for Princess Anne through song.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Joe M. Turner __knowledge__ Joe M. Turner (born November 23, 1969) is an American magician, mentalist, and professional speaker.", "Joe M. Turner __knowledge__ Based in Atlanta, he is widely respected as a leader in the field of corporate magic as well as an authority on the process of customizing magic performances, keynotes and seminars for trade shows, product launches, and other marketing efforts, conferences, or corporate events.", "Joe M. Turner __knowledge__ He frequently incorporates magic and mentalism into keynote addresses as a motivational speaker for corporate and private groups, speaking on topics of brand engagement, memory training, change management, and creativity.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Two anime adaptations were produced; one by Toei Animation, which aired from April 4, 1998 to October 10, 1998, and another produced by NAS and animated by Studio Gallop titled \"Yu-Gi-Oh!", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Duel Monsters\", which aired between April 2000 and September 2004.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ The manga series has spawned a franchise that includes multiple spin-off manga and anime series, a trading card game, and numerous video games.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Most of the incarnations of the franchise involve the fictional trading card game known as \"Duel Monsters\", where each player uses cards to \"duel\" each other in a mock battle of fantasy \"monsters\".", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ This forms the basis for the real life \"Yu-Gi-Oh!", "1994 Brickyard 400 __knowledge__ The inaugural Brickyard 400 was held on Saturday, August 6, 1994, at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway.", "1994 Brickyard 400 __knowledge__ The race marked the nineteenth race of the 1994 NASCAR Winston Cup Series season.", "1994 Brickyard 400 __knowledge__ It was first race held at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway besides the Indianapolis 500 since the Harvest Classic in 1916.", "1994 Brickyard 400 __knowledge__ The race featured the largest crowd in NASCAR history, and a then NASCAR record purse of $3.2 million.", "1994 Brickyard 400 __knowledge__ Second-year driver, 23-year-old Jeff Gordon from nearby Pittsboro, was cheered on by the hometown crowd to a popular win.", "1994 Brickyard 400 __knowledge__ It was his second career NASCAR Winston Cup win, and thrust the young Gordon into superstardom on the racing circuit.", "Irmgard Keun __knowledge__ Irmgard Keun (6 February 1905 – 5 May 1982) was a German author of novels.", "Irmgard Keun __knowledge__ She is noted for her portrayals of the life of women during the Weimar Republic and the early years of Nazi Germany with characters portraying the flapper new woman and written in a style associated with New Objectivity.", "Irmgard Keun __knowledge__ Her books were banned by Nazi authorities but gained recognition during the final years of her life.", "Irmgard Keun __knowledge__ Irmgard Keun was born on 6 February 1905 in Charlottenburg (at the time an independent town, now part of Berlin) to Eduard and Elsa Keun.", "Irmgard Keun __knowledge__ Her father was an agent for a company that imported petrol, her mother a housewife.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ This list comprises the items featured in the American fantasy-drama television series \"Once Upon a Time\" and its spin-off \"Once Upon a Time in Wonderland\".", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ The Aging Dust is causes the victim to age.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ The amount of aging depends on the amount of dust used.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ Emma put some in the onion rings she gave Zelena, to accelerate her pregnancy.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ She wanted baby Robin out of the way so she could put the Darkness into Zelena and then kill her with Excalibur.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ Mr. Gold owns some as well as he used it to temporarily age a fairy that he and the Evil Queen chased and captured into an old woman.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ Regina was mentioned to have found a way to restore the fairy back to her rightful age.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ is the longest-running noontime variety show in the Philippines.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The show has featured hundreds of segments and competitions since its debut on July 30, 1979.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The following is an incomplete list of the segments of \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ throughout its thirty-eight year run on television.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The segments are organized alphabetically by title.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ It is a special segment that has a similar concept with \"I Object, Your Honor\" and \"I Object, #NasaanAngHustisya?", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \", that tests the cleverness and originality of the \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ hosts.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The hosts are divided into two teams.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ In each round, both teams are given one specific object.", "Magic in Harry Potter __knowledge__ In the \"Harry Potter\" series created by J. K. Rowling, magic is depicted as a supernatural force that can be used to override the usual laws of nature.", "Magic in Harry Potter __knowledge__ Many fictional magical creatures exist in the series, while ordinary creatures sometimes exhibit new magical properties in the novel's world.", "Magic in Harry Potter __knowledge__ Objects, too, can be enhanced or imbued with magical property.", "Magic in Harry Potter __knowledge__ The small percentage of humans who are able to perform magic are referred to as witches and wizards, in contrast to the non-magical muggles.", "Magic in Harry Potter __knowledge__ In humans, magic or the lack thereof is an inborn attribute.", "Magic in Harry Potter __knowledge__ It is inherited, carried on \"dominant resilient genes\".", "Rubeus Hagrid __knowledge__ Rubeus Hagrid is a fictional character in the \"Harry Potter\" book series written by J. K. Rowling.", "Rubeus Hagrid __knowledge__ He is introduced in \"Harry Potter and the Philosophers Stone\" as a half-giant and half-human who is the gamekeeper and Keeper of Keys and Grounds of Hogwarts, the primary setting for the first six novels.", "Rubeus Hagrid __knowledge__ In the third novel \"Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban\", Hagrid is promoted to Care of Magical Creatures teacher, and is later revealed to be a member of the Order of the Phoenix.", "Rubeus Hagrid __knowledge__ Hagrid was among the characters that Rowling says she created on \"the very first day\".", "Rubeus Hagrid __knowledge__ She has explained the source of his name as \"another old English word, meaning – if you were hagrid – it’s a dialect word – you’d had a bad night." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Talent show __knowledge__ A talent show is an event where participants perform talents of singing, dancing, lip-synching, acting, drumming, martial arts, playing an instrument, or other activities to showcase skills.", "Talent show __knowledge__ Many talent shows are performances rather than contests, but some are actual contests.", "Talent show __knowledge__ In the instance of a contest, participants may be motivated to perform for a reward, trophy, or prize of some kind.", "Talent show __knowledge__ For example, a high school might not have many students with any interest in performing in front of the student body for the sole purpose of performing alone and may offer different prizes as an incentive for these students to participate in the contest.", "Talent show __knowledge__ In recent times, talent shows have become a notable genre of reality television, such as \"Idol\", \"Got Talent\", \"The X Factor\", \"The Voice\" and \"Rising Star\", which have been critical in catapulting some amateur artists to stardom and resulting in their commercially successful careers.", "Talent show __knowledge__ Talent shows can be seen as a way to help boost the self-esteem, confidence, and assurance of youth.", "Talent show __knowledge__ Some communities and companies see talent shows as a way to help prevent juvenile delinquency among children, teens, and young adults.", "Talent show __knowledge__ As a result, these communities create programs such as Girls Only!", "Jack Benny __knowledge__ Jack Benny (born February 14, 1894 – December 26, 1974) was an American comedian, vaudevillian, radio, television and film actor, and violinist.", "Jack Benny __knowledge__ Recognized as a leading American entertainer of the 20th century, Benny portrayed his character as a miser, playing his violin badly.", "Jack Benny __knowledge__ In character, he would claim to be 39 years of age, regardless of his actual age.", "Jack Benny __knowledge__ Benny was known for comic timing and the ability to cause laughter with a pregnant pause or a single expression, such as his signature exasperated \"\"Well!\"\"", "Jack Benny __knowledge__ His radio and television programs, popular from 1932 until his death in 1974, were a major influence on the sitcom genre.", "Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election, 2011 __knowledge__ The fourteenth legislative assembly election was held on 13 April 2011 to elect members from 234 constituencies in the India state of Tamil Nadu.", "Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election, 2011 __knowledge__ Results were released on 13 May 2011.", "Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election, 2011 __knowledge__ Two major parties Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) and All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK) faced the election as coalitions of multiple political parties: DMK front consisted of 8 parties and the AIADMK of 11 parties.", "Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election, 2011 __knowledge__ Vijayakanth's Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam (DMDK), which had contested the previous elections independently, allied with AIADMK coalition.", "Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election, 2011 __knowledge__ Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam boycotted the election following disagreement with Jayalalithaa over seat-sharing.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Vijayakanth __knowledge__ Vijayraj Azhagarswami (born 25 August 1952), publicly known by his stage name Vijayakanth, is an Indian politician and former film actor.", "Vijayakanth __knowledge__ He was the Leader of the Opposition of the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly from 2011 to 2016.", "Vijayakanth __knowledge__ Prior to becoming a politician, he was a film actor in Tamil cinema from 1979 to 2018.", "Vijayakanth __knowledge__ He is the founder and leader of the Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam and served as a Member of Legislative Assembly representing the constituency of Rishivandiyam.", "Vijayakanth __knowledge__ Vijayakanth is one of very few Tamil speaking actors to have acted only in Tamil movies throughout his career, though his movies have been dubbed into Telugu and Hindi.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the characters that have appeared on \"90210\", an American teen drama.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The series introduces Annie Wilson (Shenae Grimes) and her adopted brother Dixon (Tristan Wilds), who move from Kansas to Beverly Hills with their father Harry (Rob Estes) and mother Debbie (Lori Loughlin).", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The family relocated in order to care for Harry's mother Tabitha (Jessica Walter).", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The first actor to be cast for the TV series was Dustin Milligan on April 1, 2008, followed by AnnaLynne McCord on April 14.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ Sachs found Milligan to be \"really funny\", and changed Ethan to better represent his personality.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ McCord was cast because, according to Sachs, \"she's someone who is worldly, and there's a sophistication to her that's interesting.\"", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ The following list describes each of the characters from the popular webseries \"Red vs. Blue\", originally created by Rooster Teeth Productions.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ Colonel Sarge is the leader of the Red Team on Blood Gulch.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He is voiced by Matt Hullum, co-creator of the series, and first appeared at the end of .", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He has a Southern accent.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ Sarge is somewhat bloodthirsty, and the only Blood Gulch soldier on either team to actually be serious about war.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ It is mentioned that he has a military background and briefly joined the ODSTs.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ His preferred weapon is a shotgun, which he carries at all times.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He has a passionate disgust for Grif, demonstrated by his repeated willingness to sacrifice Grif during combat missions as well as how all of his contingency plans are to kill Grif.", "Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam __knowledge__ Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam (DMDK) () is a regional political party formed by Tamil film actor Vijayakanth in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu, along the lines of the regional Dravidian parties, on 14 September 2005 at Madurai.", "Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam __knowledge__ The party head office is in Koyambedu, Chennai.", "Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam __knowledge__ This party contested in all 234 seats in the state elections in May 2006 with Vijayakanth contesting in Vridhachalam.", "Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam __knowledge__ The party polled almost 30 lakh votes (a total of about a 10% share).", "Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam __knowledge__ All the candidates of the DMDK, with the sole exception of Vijayakanth, lost the elections in 2006.", "Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam __knowledge__ In by-elections to Madurai Central assembly constituency, DMDK secured around 17,000 votes, which was 2,000 votes less than All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK).", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ is the longest-running noontime variety show in the Philippines.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The show has featured hundreds of segments and competitions since its debut on July 30, 1979.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The following is an incomplete list of the segments of \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ throughout its thirty-eight year run on television.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The segments are organized alphabetically by title.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ It is a special segment that has a similar concept with \"I Object, Your Honor\" and \"I Object, #NasaanAngHustisya?", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \", that tests the cleverness and originality of the \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ hosts.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The hosts are divided into two teams.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ In each round, both teams are given one specific object.", "Contesting __knowledge__ Contesting (also known as \"radiosport\") is a competitive activity pursued by amateur radio operators.", "Contesting __knowledge__ In a contest, an amateur radio station, which may be operated by an individual or a team, seeks to contact as many other amateur radio stations as possible in a given period of time and exchange information.", "Contesting __knowledge__ Rules for each competition define the amateur radio bands, the mode of communication that may be used, and the kind of information that must be exchanged.", "Contesting __knowledge__ The contacts made during the contest contribute to a score by which stations are ranked.", "Contesting __knowledge__ Contest sponsors publish the results in magazines and on web sites.", "Republican Party presidential primaries, 2016 __knowledge__ The 2016 Republican Party presidential primaries and caucuses were a series of electoral contests taking place within all 50 U.S. states, the District of Columbia, and five U.S. territories, occurring between February 1 and June 7.", "Republican Party presidential primaries, 2016 __knowledge__ Sanctioned by the Republican Party, these elections are designed to select the 2,472 delegates to send to the Republican National Convention, who selected the Republican Party's nominee for President of the United States in the 2016 election, Donald Trump.", "Republican Party presidential primaries, 2016 __knowledge__ The delegates also approved the party platform and vice-presidential nominee.", "Republican Party presidential primaries, 2016 __knowledge__ A total of 17 major candidates entered the race starting March 23, 2015, when Senator Ted Cruz of Texas was the first to formally announce his candidacy: he was followed by former Governor Jeb Bush of Florida, retired neurosurgeon Ben Carson of Florida, Governor Chris Christie of New Jersey, businesswoman Carly Fiorina of Virginia, former Governor Jim Gilmore of Virginia, Senator Lindsey Graham of South Carolina, former Governor Mike Huckabee of Arkansas, outgoing Governor Bobby Jindal of Louisiana, Governor John Kasich of Ohio, former Governor George Pataki of New York, Senator Rand Paul of Kentucky, former Governor Rick Perry of Texas, Senator Marco Rubio of Florida, former Senator Rick Santorum of Pennsylvania, businessman Donald Trump of New York and Governor Scott Walker of Wisconsin.", "Track and field __knowledge__ Track and field is a sport which includes athletic contests established on the skills of running, jumping, and throwing.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The name is derived from the sport's typical venue: a stadium with an oval running track enclosing a grass field where the throwing and jumping events take place.", "Track and field __knowledge__ Track and field is categorized under the umbrella sport of athletics, which also includes road running, cross country running, and race walking.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The foot racing events, which include sprints, middle- and long-distance events, race walking and hurdling, are won by the athlete with the fastest time.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The jumping and throwing events are won by the athlete who achieves the greatest distance or height.", "Caption contest __knowledge__ A caption contest or caption competition is a competition between multiple participants, who are required to give the best description for a certain image offered by the contest organizer.", "Caption contest __knowledge__ Rules and information about the competition process are also given by the competition organizer.", "Caption contest __knowledge__ Caption contest participants have to describe a given image as accurately and originally as possible.", "Caption contest __knowledge__ Contests may vary by image type (photo or drawing), caption format (description of a situation or a dialogue), as well as judging criteria.", "Caption contest __knowledge__ The competition organizer is required to give information about caption submission rules and other information that is important for the contest.", "History of rodeo __knowledge__ History of Rodeo tracks the lineage of modern Western rodeo.", "History of rodeo __knowledge__ Rodeo stresses its western folk hero image and its being a genuinely American creation.", "History of rodeo __knowledge__ But in fact it grew out of the practices of Spanish ranchers and their Mexican ranch hands (\"vaqueros\"), a mixture of cattle wrangling and bullfighting that dates back to the sixteenth-century conquistadors.", "History of rodeo __knowledge__ Bullriding originated with Mexican equestrian contests known as charreadas.", "History of rodeo __knowledge__ wrestling the steer to the ground by riding up behind it, grabbing its tail, and twisting it to the ground.", "History of rodeo __knowledge__ Bull wrestling had been part of an ancient tradition throughout the ancient Mediterranean world including Spain.", "Hillary Clinton presidential primary campaign, 2008 __knowledge__ Hillary Clinton won many primaries, but lost the Democratic Party nomination to Barack Obama during the United States presidential election, 2008.", "Hillary Clinton presidential primary campaign, 2008 __knowledge__ In February 2007 \"The Los Angeles Times\" reported that several anti-Clinton organizations, including Stop Her Now and \"Stop Hillary PAC\", were preparing \"swiftboating\" style attacks against her, with venues to include a documentary film, numerous books, and websites.", "Hillary Clinton presidential primary campaign, 2008 __knowledge__ A top Rudy Giuliani donor, Richard Collins, who has also supported George W. Bush for several years, was central in establishing \"Stop Her Now.\"", "Hillary Clinton presidential primary campaign, 2008 __knowledge__ CNN reported that 320,000 users joined the Facebook group \"Stop Hillary Clinton: (One Million Strong AGAINST Hillary)\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Talent show __knowledge__ A talent show is an event where participants perform talents of singing, dancing, lip-synching, acting, drumming, martial arts, playing an instrument, or other activities to showcase skills.", "Talent show __knowledge__ Many talent shows are performances rather than contests, but some are actual contests.", "Talent show __knowledge__ In the instance of a contest, participants may be motivated to perform for a reward, trophy, or prize of some kind.", "Talent show __knowledge__ For example, a high school might not have many students with any interest in performing in front of the student body for the sole purpose of performing alone and may offer different prizes as an incentive for these students to participate in the contest.", "Talent show __knowledge__ In recent times, talent shows have become a notable genre of reality television, such as \"Idol\", \"Got Talent\", \"The X Factor\", \"The Voice\" and \"Rising Star\", which have been critical in catapulting some amateur artists to stardom and resulting in their commercially successful careers.", "Talent show __knowledge__ Talent shows can be seen as a way to help boost the self-esteem, confidence, and assurance of youth.", "Talent show __knowledge__ Some communities and companies see talent shows as a way to help prevent juvenile delinquency among children, teens, and young adults.", "Talent show __knowledge__ As a result, these communities create programs such as Girls Only!", "Hound Dog (song) __knowledge__ \"Hound Dog\" is a twelve-bar blues song written by Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller.", "Hound Dog (song) __knowledge__ Recorded originally by Willie Mae \"Big Mama\" Thornton on August 13, 1952, in Los Angeles and released by Peacock Records in late February 1953, \"Hound Dog\" was Thornton's only hit record, selling over 500,000 copies, spending 14 weeks in the R&B charts, including seven weeks at number one.", "Hound Dog (song) __knowledge__ Thornton's recording of \"Hound Dog\" is listed as one of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's \"500 Songs That Shaped Rock and Roll\", and was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame in February 2013.", "Hound Dog (song) __knowledge__ \"Hound Dog\" has been recorded more than 250 times.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Elvis Aaron Presley (January 8, 1935 – August 16, 1977) was an American singer, musician, and actor.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Regarded as one of the most significant cultural icons of the 20th century, he is often referred to as the \"King of Rock and Roll\" or simply \"the King\".", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Presley was born in Tupelo, Mississippi, and relocated to Memphis, Tennessee, with his family when he was 13 years old.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ His music career began there in 1954, recording at Sun Records with producer Sam Phillips, who wanted to bring the sound of African American music to a wider audience.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Accompanied by guitarist Scotty Moore and bassist Bill Black, Presley was a pioneer of rockabilly, an uptempo, backbeat-driven fusion of country music and rhythm and blues.", "AGM-28 Hound Dog __knowledge__ The North American Aviation AGM-28 Hound Dog was a supersonic, turbojet-propelled, air-launched cruise missile developed in 1959 for the United States Air Force.", "AGM-28 Hound Dog __knowledge__ It was primarily designed to be capable of attacking Soviet ground-based air defense sites prior to a potential air attack by B-52 Stratofortress long range bombers during the Cold War.", "AGM-28 Hound Dog __knowledge__ The Hound Dog was first given the designation B-77, then redesignated GAM-77, and finally as AGM-28.", "AGM-28 Hound Dog __knowledge__ It was conceived as a temporary standoff missile for the B-52, to be used until the GAM-87 Skybolt air-launched ballistic missile was available.", "AGM-28 Hound Dog __knowledge__ Instead, the Skybolt was cancelled within a few years and the Hound Dog continued to be deployed for a total of 15 years until its replacement by newer missiles, including the AGM-69 SRAM and then the AGM-86 ALCM.", "The Ed Sullivan Show __knowledge__ The Ed Sullivan Show is an American television variety show that ran on CBS from June 20, 1948, to June 6, 1971, and was hosted by New York entertainment columnist Ed Sullivan.", "The Ed Sullivan Show __knowledge__ It was replaced in September 1971 by the \"CBS Sunday Night Movie\".", "The Ed Sullivan Show __knowledge__ In 2002, \"The Ed Sullivan Show\" was ranked #15 on \"TV Guide\"s 50 Greatest TV Shows of All Time.", "The Ed Sullivan Show __knowledge__ In 2013, the series finished No.", "The Ed Sullivan Show __knowledge__ 31 in \"TV Guide\" Magazine's 60 Best Series of All Time.", "The Ed Sullivan Show __knowledge__ From 1948 until its cancellation in 1971, the show ran on CBS every Sunday night from 8–9 p.m.", "The Ed Sullivan Show __knowledge__ E.T., and is one of the few entertainment shows to have run in the same weekly time slot on the same network for more than two decades.", "Elvis impersonator __knowledge__ An Elvis impersonator is someone who impersonates or copies the look and sound of musician Elvis Presley.", "Elvis impersonator __knowledge__ Professional Elvis impersonators, commonly known as Elvis tribute artists (ETAs), work all over the world as entertainers, and such tribute acts remain in great demand due to the unique iconic status of Elvis.", "Elvis impersonator __knowledge__ There are even a number of radio stations that exclusively feature Elvis impersonator material.", "Elvis impersonator __knowledge__ Many impersonators sing Presley's songs.", "Elvis impersonator __knowledge__ \"While some of the impersonators perform a whole range of Presley music, the raw 1950s Elvis and the later 1970s Elvis are the favorites.\"", "Elvis impersonator __knowledge__ Contrary to popular belief, Elvis impersonators have existed since the mid-1950s, just after Elvis began his career.", "History of Eglin Air Force Base __knowledge__ Eglin Air Force Base, a United States Air Force base located southwest of Valparaiso, Florida, was established in 1935 as the Valparaiso Bombing and Gunnery Base.", "History of Eglin Air Force Base __knowledge__ It is named in honor of Lieutenant Colonel Frederick I. Eglin (1891–1937), who was killed in a crash of his Northrop A-17 pursuit aircraft on a flight from Langley to Maxwell Field, Alabama.", "History of Eglin Air Force Base __knowledge__ Eglin is the home of the Air Armament Center (AAC) and is one of three product centers in the Air Force Materiel Command (AFMC).", "History of Eglin Air Force Base __knowledge__ Valparaiso Airport was created in 1933, when an arrowhead-shaped parcel of was cleared for use as an airdrome.", "History of Eglin Air Force Base __knowledge__ In 1931, the Air Corps Tactical School, newly relocated to Maxwell Field, Alabama, sought a location for a bombing and gunnery range.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Robert James Smith (born 21 April 1959) is an English singer, songwriter and musician.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ He is the lead singer, guitarist, multi instrumentalist, lyricist, principal songwriter and only consistent member of the rock band The Cure, which he co-founded in 1976.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ He was also the lead guitarist for the band Siouxsie and the Banshees from 1982 to 1984 and was part of the short-lived group The Glove in 1983.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Smith is known for his distinctive voice and unique stage look, the latter of which was influential on the Goth subculture that rose to prominence in the 1980s.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Smith was born in the Lancashire town of Blackpool and is the third of four children born to James Alexander and Rita Mary (née Emmott) Smith.", "Remember versus know judgements __knowledge__ There is evidence suggesting that different processes are involved in remembering something versus knowing whether it is familiar.", "Remember versus know judgements __knowledge__ It appears that \"remembering\" and \"knowing\" represent relatively different characteristics of memory as well as reflect different ways of using memory.", "Remember versus know judgements __knowledge__ To remember is the conscious \"recollection\" of many vivid contextual details, such as \"when\" and \"how\" the information was learned.", "Remember versus know judgements __knowledge__ Remembering utilizes episodic memory and requires a deeper level of processing (e.g.", "Remember versus know judgements __knowledge__ undivided attention) than knowing.", "Remember versus know judgements __knowledge__ Errors in recollection may be due to source-monitoring errors that prevent an individual from remembering where exactly a piece of information was received.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ Pricing games are featured on the current version of the American game show The Price Is Right.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ The contestant from Contestants' Row who bids closest to the price of a prize without going over wins the prize and has the chance to win additional prizes or cash in an onstage game.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ After the pricing game ends, a new contestant is selected for Contestants' Row and the process is repeated.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ Six pricing games are played on each hour-long episode.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ Prior to expanding to one hour in length, three games per episode were played during the half-hour format.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ With the exception of a single game from early in the show's history, only one contestant at a time is involved in a pricing game.", "Vayetze __knowledge__ Vayetze, Vayeitzei, or Vayetzei ( — Hebrew for \"and he left,\" the first word in the parashah) is the seventh weekly Torah portion (, \"parashah\") in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading.", "Vayetze __knowledge__ It constitutes .", "Vayetze __knowledge__ The parashah tells of Jacob's travels to, life in, and return from Haran.", "Vayetze __knowledge__ The parashah recounts Jacob's dream of a ladder to heaven, Jacob's meeting of Rachel at the well, Jacob's time working for Laban and living with Rachel and Leah, the birth of Jacob's children, and the departure of Jacob's family from Laban.", "Vayetze __knowledge__ The parashah is made up of 7,512 Hebrew letters, 2,021 Hebrew words, 148 verses, and can occupy about 235 lines in a Torah Scroll (, \"Sefer Torah\").", "Religious and philosophical views of Albert Einstein __knowledge__ Albert Einstein's religious views have been widely studied and often misunderstood.", "Religious and philosophical views of Albert Einstein __knowledge__ Einstein stated that he believed in the pantheistic God of Baruch Spinoza.", "Religious and philosophical views of Albert Einstein __knowledge__ He did not believe in a personal God who concerns himself with fates and actions of human beings, a view which he described as naïve.", "Religious and philosophical views of Albert Einstein __knowledge__ He clarified however that, \"I am not an atheist\", preferring to call himself an agnostic, or a \"religious nonbeliever.\"", "Religious and philosophical views of Albert Einstein __knowledge__ Einstein also stated he did not believe in life after death, adding \"one life is enough for me.\"", "Religious and philosophical views of Albert Einstein __knowledge__ Einstein used many labels to describe his religious views, including \"agnostic\", \"religious nonbeliever\" and a \"pantheistic\" believer in \"Spinoza's God\".", "Behaalotecha __knowledge__ Behaalotecha, Beha'alotecha, Beha'alothekha, or Behaaloscha ( — Hebrew for \"when you step up,\" the 11th word, and the first distinctive word, in the parashah) is the 36th weekly Torah portion (, \"parashah\") in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the third in the Book of Numbers.", "Behaalotecha __knowledge__ The parashah tells of the Menorah in the Tabernacle, the consecration of the Levites, the Second Passover, how a cloud and fire led the Israelites, the silver trumpets, how the Israelites set out on their journeys, complaining by the Israelites, and how Miriam and Aaron questioned Moses.", "Behaalotecha __knowledge__ The parashah constitutes It is made up of 7,055 Hebrew letters, 1,840 Hebrew words, and 136 verses, and can occupy about 240 lines in a Torah Scroll (, \"Sefer Torah\").", "Eikev __knowledge__ Eikev, Ekev, Ekeb, Aikev, or Eqeb ( — Hebrew for \"if [you follow],\" the second word, and the first distinctive word, in the parashah) is the 46th weekly Torah portion (, \"parashah\") in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the third in the Book of Deuteronomy.", "Eikev __knowledge__ It comprises The parashah tells of the blessings of obedience to God and the dangers of forgetting God, directions for taking the Land of Israel.", "Eikev __knowledge__ Moses recalls the making and re-making of the Tablets of Stone, the incident of the Golden Calf, Aaron's death, the Levites' duties, and exhortations to serve God.", "Eikev __knowledge__ The parashah is made up of 6,865 Hebrew letters, 1,747 Hebrew words, and 111 verses, and can occupy about 232 lines in a Torah Scroll (, \"Sefer Torah\").", "Loyalty program __knowledge__ Loyalty programs are structured marketing strategies designed by merchants to encourage customers to continue to shop at or use the services of businesses associated with each program.", "Loyalty program __knowledge__ These programs exist covering most types of commerce, each one having varying features and rewards-schemes.", "Loyalty program __knowledge__ In marketing generally and in retailing more specifically, a loyalty card, rewards card, points card, advantage card, or club card is a plastic or paper card, visually similar to a credit card, debit card, or digital card that identifies the card holder as a participant in a loyalty program.", "Loyalty program __knowledge__ Loyalty cards (both physical and digital) relate to the loyalty business-model." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 12 ]

[ "Yes we had people doing all sorts of things during talent shows, but I liked to perform magic", "No I think ours were more performances than contests", "Yes I do not remember any kind of rewards or prizes in ours, but it could be there was one and I do not remember because I did not win!", "Laugh! Very nice - Hound Dog is a great song - it has been recorded more than 250 times!" ]

[ "Talent show", "Talent show", "Talent show", "Talent show" ]

[ "McDonald's\nMcDonald's is where I work", "OK ,who are the founders?", "Wow! When did they become a franchise?", "OK, what's the favorite cuisine?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is a fast food company that was founded in 1940 as a restaurant operated by Richard and Maurice McDonald, in San Bernardino, California, United States.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ They rechristened their business as a hamburger stand.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The first time a McDonald's franchise used the Golden Arches logo was in 1953 at a location in Phoenix, Arizona.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In 1955, Ray Kroc, a businessman, joined the company as a franchise agent and proceeded to purchase the chain from the McDonald brothers.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's had its original headquarters in Oak Brook, Illinois, but has approved plans to move its global headquarters to Chicago by 2018.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is the world's largest restaurant chain by revenue, serving over 69 million customers daily in over 100 countries across approximately 36,900 outlets as of 2016.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ Although McDonald's is known for its hamburgers, they also sell cheeseburgers, chicken products, french fries, breakfast items, soft drinks, milkshakes, wraps, and desserts.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In response to changing consumer tastes and a negative backlash because of the unhealthiness of their food, the company has added to its menu salads, fish, smoothies, and fruit.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The McDonald's Corporation revenues come from the rent, royalties, and fees paid by the franchisees, as well as sales in company-operated restaurants.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ This history of McDonald's is an overview of the original restaurant and of the chain.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ The McDonald family moved from Manchester, New Hampshire to Hollywood, California in the late 1930s, where brothers Richard and Maurice McDonald began working as set movers and handymen at Motion-Picture studios.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ In 1937, their father Patrick McDonald opened \"The Airdrome\", a food stand, on Huntington Drive (Route 66) near the Monrovia Airport in the Los Angeles County city of Monrovia, California with hot dogs being one of the first items sold.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ Hamburgers were later added to the menu at a cost of ten cents with all-you-can-drink orange juice at five cents.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's Corporation () is the world's largest chain of fast food restaurants, serving around 68 million customers daily in 119 countries.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's traces its origins to a 1940 restaurant in San Bernardino, California.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ After expanding within the United States, McDonald's became an international corporation in 1967, when it opened a location in Richmond, Canada.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ By the end of the 1970s, McDonald's restaurants existed in five of the Earth's seven continents; an African location came in 1992 in Cape Town,South Africa.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ In order to cater to local tastes and culinary traditions, and often in respect of particular laws or religious beliefs, McDonald's offers regionalized versions of its menu among and within different countries.", "Lanny McDonald __knowledge__ Lanny King McDonald (born February 16, 1953) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player for the Toronto Maple Leafs, Colorado Rockies and Calgary Flames of the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Lanny McDonald __knowledge__ He played over 1,100 games during a 16-year career in which he scored 500 goals and over 1,000 points.", "Lanny McDonald __knowledge__ His total of 66 goals in 1982–83 remains the Flames' franchise record for a single season.", "Lanny McDonald __knowledge__ McDonald was selected by the Maple Leafs as the fourth overall pick in the 1973 NHL Amateur Draft and established himself as an offensive forward with three consecutive 40-goal seasons in Toronto in the mid-1970s.", "David J. McDonald __knowledge__ David John McDonald (November 22, 1902 – August 8, 1979) was an American labor leader and president of the United Steelworkers of America from 1952 to 1965.", "David J. McDonald __knowledge__ McDonald was born in 1902 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, to David and Mary (Kelly) McDonald, Welsh immigrants.", "David J. McDonald __knowledge__ David McDonald, Sr. was a long-time union activist who had been run out of Springfield, Illinois, because of his union activity.", "David J. McDonald __knowledge__ After failing as a saloonkeeper, McDonald, Sr. got a job as a guide setter at a Jones and Laughlin Steel Company rolling mill and joined the Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers.", "David J. McDonald __knowledge__ Mary McDonald's father had been an officer in the Sons of Vulcan, an early ironworkers' union, and both uncles on his mother's side were unionists.", "Angus William McDonald __knowledge__ Angus William McDonald (February 14, 1799 – December 1, 1864) was a 19th-century American military officer and lawyer in the U.S. state of Virginia.", "Angus William McDonald __knowledge__ He also served as a colonel in command of the Confederate States Army's 7th Virginia Cavalry during the American Civil War.", "Angus William McDonald __knowledge__ McDonald was appointed to serve in a number of prominent political positions including a superintendent overseeing the construction of the Northwestern Turnpike and a commissioner representing Virginia in its boundary dispute with Maryland.", "Angus William McDonald __knowledge__ McDonald was the grandson of Virginia military officer and frontiersman, Angus McDonald (1727–1778) and the father of United States Fish Commissioner Marshall McDonald (1835–1895).", "McDonald's legal cases __knowledge__ McDonald's has been involved in a number of lawsuits and other legal cases in the course of the fast food chain's 70-year history.", "McDonald's legal cases __knowledge__ Many of these have involved trademark issues, but McDonald's has also launched a defamation suit which has been described as \"the biggest corporate PR disaster in history\".", "McDonald's legal cases __knowledge__ On 30 August 2013, McDonald's published a public notice in select newspapers, declaring that McDonald's India partner Vikram Bakshi had ceased to be the managing director of Connaught Plaza Restaurants (CPRL) pursuant to the expiration of his term on July 17, 2013.", "McDonald's legal cases __knowledge__ CPRL, a joint venture between McDonald's and Vikram Bakshi, is responsible for managing the over 150 McDonald's outlets in North and East regions of India." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is a fast food company that was founded in 1940 as a restaurant operated by Richard and Maurice McDonald, in San Bernardino, California, United States.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ They rechristened their business as a hamburger stand.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The first time a McDonald's franchise used the Golden Arches logo was in 1953 at a location in Phoenix, Arizona.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In 1955, Ray Kroc, a businessman, joined the company as a franchise agent and proceeded to purchase the chain from the McDonald brothers.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's had its original headquarters in Oak Brook, Illinois, but has approved plans to move its global headquarters to Chicago by 2018.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is the world's largest restaurant chain by revenue, serving over 69 million customers daily in over 100 countries across approximately 36,900 outlets as of 2016.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ Although McDonald's is known for its hamburgers, they also sell cheeseburgers, chicken products, french fries, breakfast items, soft drinks, milkshakes, wraps, and desserts.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In response to changing consumer tastes and a negative backlash because of the unhealthiness of their food, the company has added to its menu salads, fish, smoothies, and fruit.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The McDonald's Corporation revenues come from the rent, royalties, and fees paid by the franchisees, as well as sales in company-operated restaurants.", "OK __knowledge__ \"OK\" (; spelling variations include \"okay\", \"O.K.", "OK __knowledge__ \", \"ok\") is an English word denoting approval, acceptance, agreement, assent, or acknowledgment.", "OK __knowledge__ \"OK\" is frequently used as a loanword in other languages.", "OK __knowledge__ It has been described as the most frequently spoken or written word on the planet.", "OK __knowledge__ As an adjective, \"OK\" principally means \"adequate\" or \"acceptable\" as a contrast to \"bad\" (\"The boss approved this, so it is OK to send out\"); it can also mean \"mediocre\" when used in contrast with \"good\" (\"The french fries were great, but the burger was just OK\").", "OK __knowledge__ It fulfills a similar role as an adverb (\"Wow, you did OK for your first time skiing!\").", "OK Computer __knowledge__ OK Computer is the third studio album by English alternative rock band Radiohead, released on 16 June 1997 on EMI subsidiaries Parlophone and Capitol Records.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ The members of Radiohead self-produced the album with Nigel Godrich, an arrangement they have used for their subsequent albums.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ Other than the song \"Lucky\", which was recorded in 1995, Radiohead recorded the album in Oxfordshire and Bath between 1996 and early 1997, mostly in the historic mansion St Catherine's Court.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ The band made a deliberate attempt to distance themselves from the guitar-oriented, lyrically introspective style of their previous album, \"The Bends\".", "OK Go __knowledge__ OK Go is an American rock band originally from Chicago, Illinois, now based in Los Angeles, California.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band is composed of Damian Kulash (lead vocals, guitar), Tim Nordwind (bass guitar and vocals), Dan Konopka (drums and percussion) and Andy Ross (guitar, keyboards and vocals), who joined them in 2005, replacing Andy Duncan.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band is known for its often quirky and elaborate one-take music videos.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The original members formed as OK Go in 1998 and released two studio albums before Duncan's departure.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band's video for \"Here It Goes Again\" won a Grammy Award for Best Music Video in 2007.", "I'm OK – You're OK __knowledge__ I'm OK – You're OK is a 1969 self-help book by Thomas Anthony Harris.", "I'm OK – You're OK __knowledge__ It is a practical guide to transactional analysis as a method for solving problems in life.", "I'm OK – You're OK __knowledge__ The book made the \"New York Times\" Best Seller list in 1972 and remained there for almost two years.", "I'm OK – You're OK __knowledge__ It is estimated by the publisher to have sold over 15 million copies to date and to have been translated into over a dozen languages.http://www.drthomasharris.com/im-ok-youre-ok-book-thomas-harris/ In the preface, Harris praises the then-new procedure of transactional analysis (TA, or as Harris often refers to it, P-A-C) as a major innovation addressing the slow process and limited results that he and other psychiatric practitioners believed was characteristic of conventional psychiatry.", "One Ok Rock __knowledge__ One Ok Rock, stylized as ONE OK ROCK (pronounced in Japanese as \"one o'clock\"), is a Japanese rock band formed in Tokyo, Japan in 2005.", "One Ok Rock __knowledge__ The band currently consists of Takahiro Moriuchi (vocals), Toru Yamashita (guitar/leader), Ryota Kohama (bass), and Tomoya Kanki (drums).", "One Ok Rock __knowledge__ They have been playing many different styles of rock music, with songs ranging from alternative rock to emo to post-hardcore to pop rock.", "One Ok Rock __knowledge__ The band's name, ONE OK ROCK, comes from \"one o'clock\", the time that the band used to practice on weekends.", "One Ok Rock __knowledge__ They chose to play at one o'clock in the morning because it was cheaper to use the rehearsal space during such hours.", "Sport in Montenegro __knowledge__ The Sports in Montenegro revolves mostly around team sports, such as football, basketball, water polo, volleyball, and handball.", "Sport in Montenegro __knowledge__ Other sports involved are boxing, tennis, swimming, judo, karate, athletics, table tennis, and chess.", "Sport in Montenegro __knowledge__ Most popular sport is football.", "Sport in Montenegro __knowledge__ Among many great players from Montenegro were Dejan Savićević, Predrag Mijatović, Mirko Vučinić or Stevan Jovetić.", "Sport in Montenegro __knowledge__ Montenegrin national football team, founded at 2006, played in playoffs for UEFA Euro 2012, which is the biggest success in the history of national team.", "Sport in Montenegro __knowledge__ Water polo is often considered the national sport.", "Sport in Montenegro __knowledge__ Montenegro's national team is one of the top ranked teams in the world, winning the gold medal at the 2008 Men's European Water Polo Championship in Málaga, Spain, and winning the gold medal at the 2009 FINA Men's Water Polo World League, which was held in Montenegrin capital, Podgorica.", "OK Motor Services __knowledge__ OK Motor Services was a bus company operating in County Durham from 1912 until the 1990s when purchased by the Go-Ahead Group.", "OK Motor Services __knowledge__ Following rationalisation and rebranding, the OK livery disappeared from the roads as services were integrated with Go North East.", "OK Motor Services __knowledge__ OK Motor Services was founded in Evenwood, County Durham, by Wade Emmerson on 6 April 1912.", "OK Motor Services __knowledge__ The first route was from Evenwood to Bishop Auckland.", "OK Motor Services __knowledge__ The original name was the Gaunless Valley Motor Services with the name OK coming from a consortium of operators who started to run from the area to the Great North Exhibition in Newcastle in the late-1920s.", "Fast food restaurant __knowledge__ A fast food restaurant, also known as a quick service restaurant (QSR) within the industry, is a specific type of restaurant that serves fast food cuisine and has minimal table service.", "Fast food restaurant __knowledge__ The food served in fast food restaurants is typically part of a \"meat-sweet diet\", offered from a limited menu, cooked in bulk in advance and kept hot, finished and packaged to order, and usually available for take away, though seating may be provided.", "Fast food restaurant __knowledge__ Fast food restaurants are typically part of a restaurant chain or franchise operation that provisions standardized ingredients and/or partially prepared foods and supplies to each restaurant through controlled supply channels.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1953, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper sandwich in 1957, and has since added non-beef items such as chicken, fish, and vegetarian offerings, including salads and meatless sandwiches.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ Other additions include a breakfast menu and beverages such as Icees, juices, and bottled waters.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ As the company expanded both inside and outside the United States, it introduced localized versions of its products that conform to regional tastes and cultural or religious beliefs.", "Fast food __knowledge__ Fast food is a mass-produced food that is prepared and served very quickly.", "Fast food __knowledge__ The food is typically less nutritionally valuable compared to other foods and dishes.", "Fast food __knowledge__ While any meal with low preparation time can be considered fast food, typically the term refers to food sold in a restaurant or store with frozen, preheated or precooked ingredients, and served to the customer in a packaged form for take-out/take-away.", "Fast food __knowledge__ Fast food restaurants are traditionally distinguished by their ability to serve food via a drive-through.", "Fast food __knowledge__ Outlets may be stands or kiosks, which may provide no shelter or seating, or fast food restaurants (also known as \"quick service restaurants\").", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The Hamburger most likely first appeared in the 19th or early 20th century.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The modern hamburger was a product of the culinary needs of a society rapidly changing due to industrialization, the emergence of the working class and middle class and the demand for mass-produced, affordable food that could be consumed outside of the home.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Americans contend they were the first to combine two slices of bread and a steak of ground beef into a \"hamburger sandwich\" and sell it.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Part of the controversy over the origin of the hamburger is because the two basic ingredients, bread and beef, were prepared and consumed separately for many years before their combination.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ A hamburger, beefburger or burger is a sandwich consisting of one or more cooked patties of ground meat, usually beef, placed inside a sliced bread roll or bun.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The patty may be pan fried, barbecued, or flame broiled.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ Hamburgers are often served with cheese, lettuce, tomato, bacon, onion, pickles, or chiles; condiments such as mustard, mayonnaise, ketchup, relish, or \"special sauce\"; and are frequently placed on sesame seed buns.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ A hamburger topped with cheese is called a cheeseburger.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term \"burger\" can also be applied to the meat patty on its own, especially in the UK where the term \"patty\" is rarely used, or the term can even refer simply to ground beef.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1955, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ The company did not add another permanent hamburger to its menu until the introduction of the Big King sandwich in 1996 in response to McDonald's Big Mac sandwich.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ The company began experimenting with premium hamburgers, made from higher quality ingredients, in 1978 with the introduction of its Specialty Sandwich product line.", "History of Burger King __knowledge__ The predecessor to what is now the international fast food restaurant chain Burger King was founded in 1953 in Jacksonville, Florida, as Insta-Burger King.", "History of Burger King __knowledge__ Inspired by the McDonald brothers' original store location in San Bernardino, California, the founders and owners, Keith J. Kramer and his wife's uncle Matthew Burns, began searching for a concept.", "History of Burger King __knowledge__ After purchasing the rights to two pieces of equipment called \"Insta\" machines, the two opened their first stores around a cooking device known as the Insta-Broiler.", "History of Burger King __knowledge__ The Insta-Broiler oven proved so successful at cooking burgers, they required all of their franchises to carry the device." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is a fast food company that was founded in 1940 as a restaurant operated by Richard and Maurice McDonald, in San Bernardino, California, United States.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ They rechristened their business as a hamburger stand.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The first time a McDonald's franchise used the Golden Arches logo was in 1953 at a location in Phoenix, Arizona.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In 1955, Ray Kroc, a businessman, joined the company as a franchise agent and proceeded to purchase the chain from the McDonald brothers.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's had its original headquarters in Oak Brook, Illinois, but has approved plans to move its global headquarters to Chicago by 2018.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is the world's largest restaurant chain by revenue, serving over 69 million customers daily in over 100 countries across approximately 36,900 outlets as of 2016.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ Although McDonald's is known for its hamburgers, they also sell cheeseburgers, chicken products, french fries, breakfast items, soft drinks, milkshakes, wraps, and desserts.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In response to changing consumer tastes and a negative backlash because of the unhealthiness of their food, the company has added to its menu salads, fish, smoothies, and fruit.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The McDonald's Corporation revenues come from the rent, royalties, and fees paid by the franchisees, as well as sales in company-operated restaurants.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "WOW series __knowledge__ \"WOW\" is a series of annual compilation albums featuring contemporary Christian music dating from 1995.", "WOW series __knowledge__ Comprising songs submitted by each partner label, the annual \"WOW Hits\" releases are typically double CD sets.", "WOW series __knowledge__ The birth of the WOW record project can be traced Grant Cunningham, A&R Director at Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ In November 1994 Grant made a business trip to EMI Limited in London, which at the time was the parent company of Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ There he noticed that several British record labels were issuing an annual CD of top-rated songs, known as the \"NOW\" series, containing collections of pop songs.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Wow Mali is the longest-running, multi-awarded and top-rated gag show in the Philippines aired over TV5 hosted by Joey De Leon.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ The show was discontinued on May 2007 but some episodes still aired on \"Wow Mali Bytes\" and \"Wow Mali Express\".", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ On February 22, 2009, \"Wow Mali\" returned to TV5.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Following the network's second reformat after Holy Week, Wow Mali was set to return on April 6, 2009, airing every Wednesday at 7:30 PM.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ The show was again discontinued on September 1, 2010 and was replaced by a spin-off show, Wow Meganon which lasted until April 8, 2011.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Its third incarnation aired on April 11, 2011 and ended on February 26, 2012.", "Women of Wrestling __knowledge__ WOW - Women Of Wrestling, aka WOW!, is a women's professional wrestling promotion founded in 2000 by David McLane, previously the founder of Gorgeous Ladies of Wrestling.", "Women of Wrestling __knowledge__ It is based in Los Angeles, California, and is owned by McLane and Los Angeles Lakers owner and president Jeanie Buss.", "Women of Wrestling __knowledge__ The promotion launched a series of syndicated programs in the 2000-01 television seasons in 102 TV markets using a similar format of character driven performers, with names befitting a comic book series, such as Jungle Grrrl, an inmate tag-team complete with orange jump suits named Caged Heat, a Hollywood starlet named Lana Star, and the Persian Princess.", "Richard and Maurice McDonald __knowledge__ Richard and Maurice McDonald were the founders of the original McDonald’s restaurant in San Bernardino, California and inventors of the ‘Speedee Service System’.", "Richard and Maurice McDonald __knowledge__ In 1937, the McDonald brothers opened a hot dog stand in Monrovia, California, inspired by a local hot dog stand that seemed to be the only profitable business in town, and which primarily served patrons at a local racetrack.", "Richard and Maurice McDonald __knowledge__ However, the stand had few customers after racing season ended.", "Richard and Maurice McDonald __knowledge__ Maurice decided to open a bigger hot dog stand in San Bernardino, a large working-class town approximately 50 miles eastward, with a population of approximately 100,000 people.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ This history of McDonald's is an overview of the original restaurant and of the chain.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ The McDonald family moved from Manchester, New Hampshire to Hollywood, California in the late 1930s, where brothers Richard and Maurice McDonald began working as set movers and handymen at Motion-Picture studios.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ In 1937, their father Patrick McDonald opened \"The Airdrome\", a food stand, on Huntington Drive (Route 66) near the Monrovia Airport in the Los Angeles County city of Monrovia, California with hot dogs being one of the first items sold.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ Hamburgers were later added to the menu at a cost of ten cents with all-you-can-drink orange juice at five cents.", "San Bernardino, California __knowledge__ San Bernardino is a city located in the Riverside-San Bernardino metropolitan area (sometimes called the \"Inland Empire\").", "San Bernardino, California __knowledge__ It serves as the county seat of San Bernardino County, California, United States.", "San Bernardino, California __knowledge__ As one of the Inland Empire's anchor cities, San Bernardino spans on the floor of the San Bernardino Valley and has a population of 209,924 as of the 2010 census.", "San Bernardino, California __knowledge__ San Bernardino is the 17th-largest city in California and the 100th-largest city in the United States.", "San Bernardino, California __knowledge__ San Bernardino is home to numerous diplomatic missions for the Inland Empire, being one of four cities in California with numerous consulates (the other three being Los Angeles, San Diego, and the greater metropolitan San Francisco Bay Area including San Jose and San Francisco).", "Ray Kroc __knowledge__ Raymond Albert \"Ray\" Kroc (October 5, 1902 – January 14, 1984) was an American businessman.", "Ray Kroc __knowledge__ He joined the California company McDonald's in 1954, just a few months after the McDonald brothers had branched out from their original 1940 operation in San Bernardino, with Kroc turning the chain into a nationwide and eventually global franchise, making it the most successful fast food corporation in the world.", "Ray Kroc __knowledge__ Controversially, Kroc would present himself as the founder of McDonald's during his later life.", "Ray Kroc __knowledge__ Kroc was included in \"\", and amassed a fortune during his lifetime.", "Ray Kroc __knowledge__ He owned the San Diego Padres baseball team from 1974 until his death in 1984.", "Oldest McDonald's restaurant __knowledge__ The oldest operating McDonald's restaurant is a drive-up hamburger stand at 10207 Lakewood Boulevard at Florence Avenue in Downey, California.", "Oldest McDonald's restaurant __knowledge__ It was the third McDonald's restaurant and opened on August 18, 1953.", "Oldest McDonald's restaurant __knowledge__ It was also the second restaurant franchised by Richard and Maurice McDonald, prior to the involvement of Ray Kroc in the company.", "Oldest McDonald's restaurant __knowledge__ The restaurant is now the oldest in the chain still in existence and is one of Downey's main tourist attractions.", "Oldest McDonald's restaurant __knowledge__ Along with its sign, it was deemed eligible for addition to the National Register of Historic Places in 1984, although it was not added because the owner objected.", "Evergreen Extension __knowledge__ The Evergreen Extension (previously known as the Evergreen Line) is a long extension of the SkyTrain rapid transit Millennium Line for the South Coast British Columbia Transportation Authority (TransLink) in Metro Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.", "Evergreen Extension __knowledge__ It extends the SkyTrain network from Lougheed Town Centre in Burnaby to Lafarge Lake–Douglas in Coquitlam, with the addition of six new SkyTrain stations and major upgrades to two existing stations (Commercial–Broadway Station and Lougheed Town Centre).", "Evergreen Extension __knowledge__ It opened on December 2, 2016.", "Evergreen Extension __knowledge__ Service was initially planned to begin by the middle of 2016.", "Evergreen Extension __knowledge__ With the extension opened, the Millennium Line operates between VCC–Clark and Lafarge Lake–Douglas." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is a fast food company that was founded in 1940 as a restaurant operated by Richard and Maurice McDonald, in San Bernardino, California, United States.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ They rechristened their business as a hamburger stand.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The first time a McDonald's franchise used the Golden Arches logo was in 1953 at a location in Phoenix, Arizona.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In 1955, Ray Kroc, a businessman, joined the company as a franchise agent and proceeded to purchase the chain from the McDonald brothers.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's had its original headquarters in Oak Brook, Illinois, but has approved plans to move its global headquarters to Chicago by 2018.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is the world's largest restaurant chain by revenue, serving over 69 million customers daily in over 100 countries across approximately 36,900 outlets as of 2016.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ Although McDonald's is known for its hamburgers, they also sell cheeseburgers, chicken products, french fries, breakfast items, soft drinks, milkshakes, wraps, and desserts.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In response to changing consumer tastes and a negative backlash because of the unhealthiness of their food, the company has added to its menu salads, fish, smoothies, and fruit.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The McDonald's Corporation revenues come from the rent, royalties, and fees paid by the franchisees, as well as sales in company-operated restaurants.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine comprises a wide variety of regional and traditional cuisines native to the Indian subcontinent.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Given the range of diversity in soil type, climate, culture, ethnic groups, and occupations, these cuisines vary substantially from each other and use locally available spices, herbs, vegetables, and fruits.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian food is also heavily influenced by religion, in particular Hindu, and cultural choices and traditions.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Also, Middle Eastern and Central Asian influences have occurred on North Indian cuisine from the years of Mughal rule.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine is still evolving, as a result of the nation's cultural interactions with other societies.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Midwestern cuisine is a regional cuisine of the American Midwest.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ It draws its culinary roots most significantly from the cuisines of Central, Northern and Eastern Europe, and Native North America, and is influenced by regionally and locally grown foodstuffs and cultural diversity.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Everyday Midwestern home cooking generally showcases simple and hearty dishes that make use of the abundance of locally grown foods.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Its culinary profiles may seem synonymous with \"American food.\"", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Quoted in a 2007 interview with the \"Daily Herald\", Chef Stephen Langlois, a pioneer in the Midwestern local food movement, described it: \"Think of Thanksgiving dinner.", "OK __knowledge__ \"OK\" (; spelling variations include \"okay\", \"O.K.", "OK __knowledge__ \", \"ok\") is an English word denoting approval, acceptance, agreement, assent, or acknowledgment.", "OK __knowledge__ \"OK\" is frequently used as a loanword in other languages.", "OK __knowledge__ It has been described as the most frequently spoken or written word on the planet.", "OK __knowledge__ As an adjective, \"OK\" principally means \"adequate\" or \"acceptable\" as a contrast to \"bad\" (\"The boss approved this, so it is OK to send out\"); it can also mean \"mediocre\" when used in contrast with \"good\" (\"The french fries were great, but the burger was just OK\").", "OK __knowledge__ It fulfills a similar role as an adverb (\"Wow, you did OK for your first time skiing!\").", "OK Computer __knowledge__ OK Computer is the third studio album by English alternative rock band Radiohead, released on 16 June 1997 on EMI subsidiaries Parlophone and Capitol Records.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ The members of Radiohead self-produced the album with Nigel Godrich, an arrangement they have used for their subsequent albums.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ Other than the song \"Lucky\", which was recorded in 1995, Radiohead recorded the album in Oxfordshire and Bath between 1996 and early 1997, mostly in the historic mansion St Catherine's Court.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ The band made a deliberate attempt to distance themselves from the guitar-oriented, lyrically introspective style of their previous album, \"The Bends\".", "OK Go __knowledge__ OK Go is an American rock band originally from Chicago, Illinois, now based in Los Angeles, California.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band is composed of Damian Kulash (lead vocals, guitar), Tim Nordwind (bass guitar and vocals), Dan Konopka (drums and percussion) and Andy Ross (guitar, keyboards and vocals), who joined them in 2005, replacing Andy Duncan.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band is known for its often quirky and elaborate one-take music videos.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The original members formed as OK Go in 1998 and released two studio albums before Duncan's departure.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band's video for \"Here It Goes Again\" won a Grammy Award for Best Music Video in 2007.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Golden Arches __knowledge__ The Golden Arches are the symbol of McDonald's, the global fast-food restaurant chain.", "Golden Arches __knowledge__ Originally, real arches were part of the restaurant design.", "Golden Arches __knowledge__ They were incorporated into the chain's logo in 1962, which resembled a stylized restaurant, and in the current Golden Arches logo, introduced 1968, resembling an \"M\" for \"McDonald's\".", "Golden Arches __knowledge__ In 1952, brothers Richard and Maurice McDonald decided they needed a new building to house their hamburger restaurant in San Bernardino, California.", "Golden Arches __knowledge__ They wanted this building to have an entirely new design which would achieve two goals: even greater efficiency, and an eye-catching appearance.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ This history of McDonald's is an overview of the original restaurant and of the chain.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ The McDonald family moved from Manchester, New Hampshire to Hollywood, California in the late 1930s, where brothers Richard and Maurice McDonald began working as set movers and handymen at Motion-Picture studios.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ In 1937, their father Patrick McDonald opened \"The Airdrome\", a food stand, on Huntington Drive (Route 66) near the Monrovia Airport in the Los Angeles County city of Monrovia, California with hot dogs being one of the first items sold.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ Hamburgers were later added to the menu at a cost of ten cents with all-you-can-drink orange juice at five cents.", "Phoenix, Arizona __knowledge__ Phoenix () is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. state of Arizona.", "Phoenix, Arizona __knowledge__ With 1,615,017 people (), Phoenix is the fifth most populous city nationwide, the most populous state capital in the United States, and the only state capital with a population of more than one million residents.", "Phoenix, Arizona __knowledge__ Phoenix is the anchor of the Phoenix metropolitan area, also known as the Valley of the Sun, which in turn is a part of the Salt River Valley.", "Phoenix, Arizona __knowledge__ The metropolitan area is the 12th largest by population in the United States, with approximately 4.3 million people .", "Phoenix, Arizona __knowledge__ In addition, Phoenix is the seat of Maricopa County and, at 517.9 square miles (1,341 km), it is the largest city in the state, more than twice the size of Tucson and one of the largest cities in the United States.", "History of Phoenix, Arizona __knowledge__ The history of Phoenix, Arizona, goes back millennia, beginning with nomadic paleo-Indians who existed in the Americas in general, and the Salt River Valley in particular, about 9,000 years ago until about 6,000 BC.", "History of Phoenix, Arizona __knowledge__ Mammoths were the primary prey of hunters.", "History of Phoenix, Arizona __knowledge__ As that prey moved eastward, they followed, vacating the area.", "History of Phoenix, Arizona __knowledge__ Other nomadic tribes (archaic Indians) moved into the area, mostly from Mexico to the south and California to the west.", "History of Phoenix, Arizona __knowledge__ Around approximately 1,000 BC, the nomadic began to be accompanied by two other types of cultures, commonly called the farmers and the villagers, prompted by the introduction of maize into their culture.", "Oldest McDonald's restaurant __knowledge__ The oldest operating McDonald's restaurant is a drive-up hamburger stand at 10207 Lakewood Boulevard at Florence Avenue in Downey, California.", "Oldest McDonald's restaurant __knowledge__ It was the third McDonald's restaurant and opened on August 18, 1953.", "Oldest McDonald's restaurant __knowledge__ It was also the second restaurant franchised by Richard and Maurice McDonald, prior to the involvement of Ray Kroc in the company.", "Oldest McDonald's restaurant __knowledge__ The restaurant is now the oldest in the chain still in existence and is one of Downey's main tourist attractions.", "Oldest McDonald's restaurant __knowledge__ Along with its sign, it was deemed eligible for addition to the National Register of Historic Places in 1984, although it was not added because the owner objected.", "Central Avenue Corridor __knowledge__ The Central Avenue Corridor is a significant stretch of north-south Central Avenue, in Phoenix, Arizona.", "Central Avenue Corridor __knowledge__ Roughly bounded by Camelback Road to its north, and McDowell Road to its south, this is one of Phoenix's most vital and heavily trafficked stretches of roadway.", "Central Avenue Corridor __knowledge__ It is also one of the region's largest centers of employment, with nearly 60,000 people being employed within a three-mile (5 km) radius of this swath of Central Avenue.", "Central Avenue Corridor __knowledge__ Major employers here include major banks and financial institutions, hi-tech companies, and several significant law firms and government agencies.", "Central Avenue Corridor __knowledge__ This corridor bisects a larger area known as Midtown, Phoenix—the collection of neighborhoods north of downtown, and south of the North-Central and Sunnyslope areas." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 3, 1 ]

[ "mcdonalds was founded in 1940, as a fast food and burger joint", "ruchard and maurice Mcdonald, they lived in san bernedino california.", "not sure! but the first time they used the golden arches was in 1953 in Phoenix, Arizona.", "The famous cheese burger is what is most ordered from the fast food." ]

[ "McDonald's", "McDonald's", "McDonald's", "McDonald's" ]

[ "Cross country running\nI just love running. Cross country running has been my hobby for years. Do you run yourself?", "Really? i never knew that. Why is that do you know?", "It is. Its great for team or individual. I just love getting out for a run and forgetting about all the stresses and worries...for a little while anyway!", "Exactly it really is an inclusive sport for all abilities and ages. In my running team when we are training, we have guys in their 60's and 70's as well as teenagers.", "Now i have just googled your fact and heres are answer - In the 1830s, English schoolboys developed a game called Hares&Hounds: \"Hounds\" would chase \"hares,\" who would leave paper trails through woods and hills for the hounds to follow. in 1867, a group took up the game and adopted the name Harriers" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cross country running __knowledge__ Cross country running is a sport in which teams and individuals run a race on open-air courses over natural terrain such as dirt or grass.", "Cross country running __knowledge__ Sometimes the runners are referred to as \"harriers\" (dogs).", "Cross country running __knowledge__ The course, typically long, may include surfaces of grass, and earth, pass through woodlands and open country, and include hills, flat ground and sometimes gravel road.", "Cross country running __knowledge__ It is both an individual and a team sport; runners are judged on individual times and teams by a points-scoring method.", "Cross country running __knowledge__ Both men and women of all ages compete in cross country, which usually takes place during autumn and winter, and can include weather conditions of rain, sleet, snow or hail, and a wide range of temperatures.", "Cross country running __knowledge__ Cross country running is one of the disciplines under the umbrella sport of athletics, and is a natural terrain version of long-distance track and road running.", "Cross country running __knowledge__ Although open-air running competitions are pre-historic, the rules and traditions of cross country racing emerged in Britain.", "Cross country running __knowledge__ The English championship became the first national competition in 1876 and the International Cross Country Championships was held for the first time in 1903.", "Cross country running __knowledge__ Since 1973 the foremost elite competition has been the IAAF World Cross Country Championships.", "Sport of athletics __knowledge__ Athletics is a collection of sporting events that involve competitive running, jumping, throwing, and walking.", "Sport of athletics __knowledge__ The most common types of athletics competitions are track and field, road running, cross country running, and race walking.", "Sport of athletics __knowledge__ The results of racing events are decided by finishing position (or time, where measured), while the jumps and throws are won by the athlete that achieves the highest or furthest measurement from a series of attempts.", "Sport of athletics __knowledge__ The simplicity of the competitions, and the lack of a need for expensive equipment, makes athletics one of the most commonly competed sports in the world.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ Long-distance running, or endurance running, is a form of continuous running over distances of at least eight kilometres (5 miles).", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ Physiologically, it is largely aerobic in nature and requires stamina as well as mental strength.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ Among mammals, humans are well adapted for running significant distances, and particularly so among primates.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ The endurance running hypothesis suggests that running endurance in the \"Homo\" genus arose because travelling over large areas improved scavenging opportunities and allowed persistence hunting.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ The capacity for endurance running is also found in migratory ungulates and a limited number of terrestrial carnivores, such as dogs, wolves and hyenas.", "Colleen Quigley __knowledge__ Colleen Quigley (born November 20, 1992) is an American middle-distance runner from St. Louis, Missouri.", "Colleen Quigley __knowledge__ She finished 12th in the 3000 metres steeplechase event at the 2015 World Championships in Athletics in Beijing, China and 8th in the 3000 metres steeplechase at the 2016 Summer Olympics.", "Colleen Quigley __knowledge__ Quigley signed professionally with the Bowerman Track Club in June, 2015.", "Colleen Quigley __knowledge__ Later that year, she finished third in the steeplechase in 9:24.92 at the 2015 USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships, and finished 12th in the 3000 metres steeplechase event at the 2015 World Championships in Athletics in Beijing, China.", "Paavo Nurmi __knowledge__ Paavo Johannes Nurmi (; 13 June 1897 – 2 October 1973) was a Finnish middle- and long-distance runner.", "Paavo Nurmi __knowledge__ He was nicknamed the \"Flying Finn\" as he dominated distance running in the early 20th century.", "Paavo Nurmi __knowledge__ Nurmi set 22 official world records at distances between 1500 metres and 20 kilometres, and won nine gold and three silver medals in his twelve events in the Olympic Games.", "Paavo Nurmi __knowledge__ At his peak, Nurmi was undefeated at distances from 800 m upwards for 121 races.", "Paavo Nurmi __knowledge__ Throughout his 14-year career, he remained unbeaten in cross country events and the 10,000 m. Born into a working-class family, Nurmi left school at 12 to provide for his family.", "Alain Mimoun __knowledge__ Alain Mimoun (1 January 1921 – 27 June 2013) was an Algerian-born French long-distance runner who competed in track events, cross-country running and the marathon.", "Alain Mimoun __knowledge__ He was the 1956 Olympic champion in the marathon.", "Alain Mimoun __knowledge__ He is the most medalled French athletics sportsperson in history.", "Alain Mimoun __knowledge__ In 1999, readers of the French athletics magazine Athlétisme voted him as the “French Athlete of the 20th Century”.", "Alain Mimoun __knowledge__ On the track Mimoun won three Olympic silver medals, finishing second behind Emil Zátopek in the 10,000 metres final in 1948 and again second behind him in both the 5,000 metres and 10,000 metres finals in 1952.", "Zersenay Tadese __knowledge__ Zersenay Tadese (Tigrinya: ዘርእሰናይ ታደሰ; born 8 February 1982) is an Eritrean long-distance track and road running athlete.", "Zersenay Tadese __knowledge__ He currently holds the men's half marathon world record.", "Zersenay Tadese __knowledge__ His bronze medal in the 10,000 metres at the 2004 Athens Olympics made him the first ever Eritrean Olympic medallist, and his 20-km title at the 2006 IAAF World Road Running Championships also made him the country's first athlete to win at a world championship event.", "Zersenay Tadese __knowledge__ He does not use a sprint finish to win races; his strategy relies on a combination of efficient running and fast pace setting.", "Zersenay Tadese __knowledge__ Zersenay (\"Tadese\" is his father's name) has found most of his success in the half marathon, with four consecutive victories in the World Half Marathon Championships from 2006 to 2009, a fifth title in 2012, and a world record at the Lisbon Half Marathon in 2010." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cross country running __knowledge__ Cross country running is a sport in which teams and individuals run a race on open-air courses over natural terrain such as dirt or grass.", "Cross country running __knowledge__ Sometimes the runners are referred to as \"harriers\" (dogs).", "Cross country running __knowledge__ The course, typically long, may include surfaces of grass, and earth, pass through woodlands and open country, and include hills, flat ground and sometimes gravel road.", "Cross country running __knowledge__ It is both an individual and a team sport; runners are judged on individual times and teams by a points-scoring method.", "Cross country running __knowledge__ Both men and women of all ages compete in cross country, which usually takes place during autumn and winter, and can include weather conditions of rain, sleet, snow or hail, and a wide range of temperatures.", "Cross country running __knowledge__ Cross country running is one of the disciplines under the umbrella sport of athletics, and is a natural terrain version of long-distance track and road running.", "Cross country running __knowledge__ Although open-air running competitions are pre-historic, the rules and traditions of cross country racing emerged in Britain.", "Cross country running __knowledge__ The English championship became the first national competition in 1876 and the International Cross Country Championships was held for the first time in 1903.", "Cross country running __knowledge__ Since 1973 the foremost elite competition has been the IAAF World Cross Country Championships.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "History of As the World Turns __knowledge__ As the World Turns is a long-running soap opera television series that aired on CBS from April 2, 1956, to September 17, 2010.", "History of As the World Turns __knowledge__ Its fictional world has a long and involved history.", "History of As the World Turns __knowledge__ List of characters who were part of the original cast: Like many daytime dramas of the period, the show entered into a mixed experiment with heavily youth-oriented action-adventure storylines in the early 1980s under producer Mary-Ellis Bunim and writers Bridget and Jerome Dobson.", "History of As the World Turns __knowledge__ One of their juiciest stories centered around the various and sundry traumas endured by Jennifer's daughter Barbara Ryan (Colleen Zenk Pinter) - during the years of her marriage to the charismatic criminal James Stenbeck (Anthony Herrera) (This was after she had left Tom Hughes at the altar in June 1980).", "List of The Bill characters (E–L) __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the police drama \"The Bill\" ordered alphabetically by character surname.", "List of The Bill characters (E–L) __knowledge__ For a full list of characters ordered by rank, see list of \"The Bill\" characters.", "List of The Bill characters (E–L) __knowledge__ The characters are all police officers or civilian staff at the fictional Sun Hill police station in London.", "List of The Bill characters (E–L) __knowledge__ PC Francis \"Taffy\" Edwards was known as the 'thin streak of Welsh misery'.", "List of The Bill characters (E–L) __knowledge__ A quiet country boy who hailed from a poor farming family near Bangor, he sometimes struggled to adapt to city life.", "List of The Bill characters (E–L) __knowledge__ Edwards was extremely lazy, often thinking up ingenious ways to avoid having to do serious work – but he had an infectious charm and was popular amongst the relief.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Having reformed from his violent ways, Bigby (a.k.a.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ the Big Bad Wolf) became the cigarette-smoking, trench coat-clad sheriff of Fabletown.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is extremely cunning and resourceful, in addition to being an excellent detective.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Due to Snow White's possession of a lycanthropy-stained knife, he is now a werewolf and can change between wolf form, human form and an intermediate \"wolfman\" stage at will (in \"The Great Fables Crossover\", it is revealed that Bigby's nature as one of the North Wind's sons allows him to change forms at will).", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is the son of the North Wind, and, as such, has control over the lower-tier winds, plus the \"huff and puff\" of legend.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "List of Spider-Man (1994 TV series) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the 1994 television series \"Spider-Man.\"", "List of Spider-Man (1994 TV series) characters __knowledge__ Peter Benjamin Parker (Christopher Daniel Barnes) is the main protagonist of the series.", "List of Spider-Man (1994 TV series) characters __knowledge__ A one-time high school \"science geek\", Peter was the subject of much ridicule, especially at the hands of Flash Thompson.", "List of Spider-Man (1994 TV series) characters __knowledge__ After his parents died in a plane crash, Peter lived with his Uncle Ben and Aunt May, who doted and worried endlessly about the reclusive boy suddenly placed in their midst.", "List of Spider-Man (1994 TV series) characters __knowledge__ During a class field trip to see a demonstration of Neogenic radiation, carried on by Professor Farley Stillwell, a spider crawled into Stillwell's machine and became irradiated, biting Peter in the hand and granting him the proportionate abilities of a spider, including superhuman strength, durability, stamina, speed, agility, senses and a \"Spider-Sense\" that warned him of imminent danger.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Elvis Aaron Presley (January 8, 1935 – August 16, 1977) was an American singer, musician, and actor.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Regarded as one of the most significant cultural icons of the 20th century, he is often referred to as the \"King of Rock and Roll\" or simply \"the King\".", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Presley was born in Tupelo, Mississippi, and relocated to Memphis, Tennessee, with his family when he was 13 years old.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ His music career began there in 1954, recording at Sun Records with producer Sam Phillips, who wanted to bring the sound of African American music to a wider audience.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Accompanied by guitarist Scotty Moore and bassist Bill Black, Presley was a pioneer of rockabilly, an uptempo, backbeat-driven fusion of country music and rhythm and blues.", "Kidderminster Harriers F.C. __knowledge__ Kidderminster Harriers Football Club is a professional association football club based in Kidderminster, Worcestershire, England.", "Kidderminster Harriers F.C. __knowledge__ The club participates in the National League North, the sixth tier of English football.", "Kidderminster Harriers F.C. __knowledge__ Formed in 1886, Kidderminster have played at Aggborough Stadium since they were formed.", "Kidderminster Harriers F.C. __knowledge__ They are the only club from Worcestershire ever to have played in the Football League, competing from 2000 to 2005.", "Kidderminster Harriers F.C. __knowledge__ Kidderminster Harriers were formed in 1886 from a highly successful athletics and rugby union club that had existed since 1877.", "Kidderminster Harriers F.C. __knowledge__ In July 1880 the Athletics club amalgamated with the local Clarence rugby club to become 'Kidderminster Harriers and Football Club'.", "CGHS model __knowledge__ The Callan–Giddings–Harvey–Strominger model or CGHS model in short is a toy model of general relativity in 1 spatial and 1 time dimension.", "CGHS model __knowledge__ General relativity is a highly nonlinear model, and as such, its 3+1D version is usually too complicated to analyze in detail.", "CGHS model __knowledge__ In 3+1D and higher, propagating gravitational waves exist, but not in 2+1D or 1+1D.", "CGHS model __knowledge__ In 2+1D, general relativity becomes a topological field theory with no local degrees of freedom, and all 1+1D models are locally flat.", "CGHS model __knowledge__ However, a slightly more complicated generalization of general relativity which includes dilatons will turn the 2+1D model into one admitting mixed propagating dilaton-gravity waves, as well as making the 1+1D model geometrically nontrivial locally.", "Zero-point energy __knowledge__ Zero-point energy (ZPE) or ground state energy is the lowest possible energy that a quantum mechanical system may have.", "Zero-point energy __knowledge__ Unlike in classical mechanics, quantum systems constantly fluctuate in their lowest energy state due to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle.", "Zero-point energy __knowledge__ As well as atoms and molecules, the empty space of the vacuum has these properties.", "Zero-point energy __knowledge__ According to Quantum Field Theory the universe can be thought of not as isolated particles but continuous fluctuating fields: matter fields, whose quanta are fermions (i.e.", "Zero-point energy __knowledge__ leptons and quarks), and force fields, whose quanta are bosons (e.g.", "Zero-point energy __knowledge__ photons and gluons).", "Semiclassical gravity __knowledge__ Semiclassical gravity is the approximation to the theory of quantum gravity in which one treats matter fields as being quantum and the gravitational field as being classical.", "Semiclassical gravity __knowledge__ In semiclassical gravity, matter is represented by quantum matter fields that propagate according to the theory of quantum fields in curved spacetime.", "Semiclassical gravity __knowledge__ The spacetime in which the fields propagate is classical but dynamical.", "Semiclassical gravity __knowledge__ The curvature of the spacetime is given by the \"semiclassical Einstein equations\", which relate the curvature of the spacetime, given by the Einstein tensor formula_1, to the expectation value of the energy–momentum tensor operator, formula_2, of the matter fields: where \"G\" is Newton's constant and formula_4 indicates the quantum state of the matter fields.", "Asymptotic safety in quantum gravity __knowledge__ Asymptotic safety (sometimes also referred to as nonperturbative renormalizability) is a concept in quantum field theory which aims at finding a consistent and predictive quantum theory of the gravitational field.", "Asymptotic safety in quantum gravity __knowledge__ Its key ingredient is a nontrivial fixed point of the theory's renormalization group flow which controls the behavior of the coupling constants in the ultraviolet (UV) regime and renders physical quantities safe from divergences.", "Asymptotic safety in quantum gravity __knowledge__ Although originally proposed by Steven Weinberg to find a theory of quantum gravity, the idea of a nontrivial fixed point providing a possible UV completion can be applied also to other field theories, in particular to perturbatively nonrenormalizable ones.", "Hawker Siddeley Harrier __knowledge__ The Hawker Siddeley Harrier, developed in the 1960s, was the first of the Harrier Jump Jet series of aircraft.", "Hawker Siddeley Harrier __knowledge__ It was the first operational close-support and reconnaissance fighter aircraft with vertical/short takeoff and landing (V/STOL) capabilities and the only truly successful V/STOL design of the many that arose in that era.", "Hawker Siddeley Harrier __knowledge__ The Harrier was developed directly from the Hawker Siddeley Kestrel prototype aircraft, following the cancellation of a more advanced supersonic aircraft, the Hawker Siddeley P.1154.", "Hawker Siddeley Harrier __knowledge__ The British Royal Air Force (RAF) ordered the Harrier GR.1 and GR.3 variants in the late 1960s.", "Einstein–Hilbert action __knowledge__ The Einstein–Hilbert action (also referred to as Hilbert action) in general relativity is the action that yields the Einstein field equations through the principle of least action.", "Einstein–Hilbert action __knowledge__ With the metric signature, the gravitational part of the action is given as where formula_2 is the determinant of the metric tensor matrix, formula_3 is the Ricci scalar, and formula_4 is Einstein's constant (formula_5 is the gravitational constant and formula_6 is the speed of light in vacuum).", "Einstein–Hilbert action __knowledge__ The integral is taken over the whole spacetime if it converges.", "Einstein–Hilbert action __knowledge__ If it does not converge, formula_7 is no longer well-defined, but a modified definition where one integrates over arbitrarily large, relatively compact domains, still yields the Einstein equation as the Euler–Lagrange equation of the Einstein–Hilbert action." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cross country running __knowledge__ Cross country running is a sport in which teams and individuals run a race on open-air courses over natural terrain such as dirt or grass.", "Cross country running __knowledge__ Sometimes the runners are referred to as \"harriers\" (dogs).", "Cross country running __knowledge__ The course, typically long, may include surfaces of grass, and earth, pass through woodlands and open country, and include hills, flat ground and sometimes gravel road.", "Cross country running __knowledge__ It is both an individual and a team sport; runners are judged on individual times and teams by a points-scoring method.", "Cross country running __knowledge__ Both men and women of all ages compete in cross country, which usually takes place during autumn and winter, and can include weather conditions of rain, sleet, snow or hail, and a wide range of temperatures.", "Cross country running __knowledge__ Cross country running is one of the disciplines under the umbrella sport of athletics, and is a natural terrain version of long-distance track and road running.", "Cross country running __knowledge__ Although open-air running competitions are pre-historic, the rules and traditions of cross country racing emerged in Britain.", "Cross country running __knowledge__ The English championship became the first national competition in 1876 and the International Cross Country Championships was held for the first time in 1903.", "Cross country running __knowledge__ Since 1973 the foremost elite competition has been the IAAF World Cross Country Championships.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "List of EastEnders characters (2012) __knowledge__ The following are characters who first appeared in the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\" during 2012 listed by order of first appearance.", "List of EastEnders characters (2012) __knowledge__ New characters were introduced by Bryan Kirkwood, executive producer.", "List of EastEnders characters (2012) __knowledge__ He stepped down from the role in April.", "List of EastEnders characters (2012) __knowledge__ His last episode was on 13 July 2012.", "List of EastEnders characters (2012) __knowledge__ From 16 July, characters were introduced by his successor, Lorraine Newman.", "List of EastEnders characters (2012) __knowledge__ The first character to be introduced was the undertaker, Les Coker.", "List of EastEnders characters (2012) __knowledge__ The first regular character to be announced was Ray Dixon, the father of Morgan Butcher, followed by Alice Branning, the daughter of Derek Branning and, Alice's brother, Joey.", "List of EastEnders characters (2012) __knowledge__ June 2012 also saw the first birth of the year: Janine Butcher and Michael Moon's daughter, Scarlett.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ Through his adventures, Fawcett Comics/DC Comics superhero Captain Marvel and his Marvel Family gained a host of enemies, including the following: An agent who tells Mr Tawny he can make a great singer out of him.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ Though his voice is terrible, people will want to see a singing tiger.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ When Billy tells him not to be forced into something he does not want, and when Hooey tries to stop him he transforms and tries to throw him out.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ But Hal flatters Tawny, making him sign the contract.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ When Cap criticises him, Hal claims he is jealous.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ A Gala party is arranged to celebrate this next day, but Hal drops the invitation to Captain Marvel into the bin as he wants their friendship to break up.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Having reformed from his violent ways, Bigby (a.k.a.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ the Big Bad Wolf) became the cigarette-smoking, trench coat-clad sheriff of Fabletown.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is extremely cunning and resourceful, in addition to being an excellent detective.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Due to Snow White's possession of a lycanthropy-stained knife, he is now a werewolf and can change between wolf form, human form and an intermediate \"wolfman\" stage at will (in \"The Great Fables Crossover\", it is revealed that Bigby's nature as one of the North Wind's sons allows him to change forms at will).", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is the son of the North Wind, and, as such, has control over the lower-tier winds, plus the \"huff and puff\" of legend.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "Forgetting __knowledge__ Forgetting or disremembering is the apparent loss or modification of information already encoded and stored in an individual's long-term memory.", "Forgetting __knowledge__ It is a spontaneous or gradual process in which old memories are unable to be recalled from memory storage.", "Forgetting __knowledge__ Forgetting also helps to reconcile the storage of new information with old knowledge.", "Forgetting __knowledge__ Problems with remembering, learning and retaining new information are a few of the most common complaints of older adults.", "Forgetting __knowledge__ Memory performance is usually related to the active functioning of three stages.", "Forgetting __knowledge__ These three stages are encoding, storage and retrieval.", "Forgetting __knowledge__ Many different factors influence the actual process of forgetting.", "Sport of athletics __knowledge__ Athletics is a collection of sporting events that involve competitive running, jumping, throwing, and walking.", "Sport of athletics __knowledge__ The most common types of athletics competitions are track and field, road running, cross country running, and race walking.", "Sport of athletics __knowledge__ The results of racing events are decided by finishing position (or time, where measured), while the jumps and throws are won by the athlete that achieves the highest or furthest measurement from a series of attempts.", "Sport of athletics __knowledge__ The simplicity of the competitions, and the lack of a need for expensive equipment, makes athletics one of the most commonly competed sports in the world.", "Sport in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The United Kingdom has given birth to a range of major international sports including: association football, rugby (union and league), cricket, netball, darts, golf, tennis, table tennis, badminton, squash, bowls, modern rowing, hockey, boxing, snooker, billiards, and curling.", "Sport in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ This has meant that in the infancy of many sports, England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland formed among the earliest separate governing bodies, national teams and domestic league competitions.", "Sport in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ After 1922 some sports formed separate bodies for Northern Ireland though some continued to be organised on an all-Ireland basis.", "Sport in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ In a small number of sports, these teams are supplemented by high-profile events featuring a combined team representing one or more nations.", "Penn State Nittany Lions __knowledge__ The Penn State Nittany Lions are the athletic teams of Pennsylvania State University, except for the women's basketball team, known as the Lady Lions.", "Penn State Nittany Lions __knowledge__ The school colors are navy blue and white.", "Penn State Nittany Lions __knowledge__ The school mascot is the Nittany Lion.", "Penn State Nittany Lions __knowledge__ The intercollegiate athletics logo was commissioned in 1983.", "Penn State Nittany Lions __knowledge__ Penn State participates as a member institution of the Big Ten Conference at the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) level for most sports.", "Penn State Nittany Lions __knowledge__ Penn State is one of only 15 universities in the nation that plays Division I FBS football and Division I men's ice hockey.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ Long-distance running, or endurance running, is a form of continuous running over distances of at least eight kilometres (5 miles).", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ Physiologically, it is largely aerobic in nature and requires stamina as well as mental strength.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ Among mammals, humans are well adapted for running significant distances, and particularly so among primates.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ The endurance running hypothesis suggests that running endurance in the \"Homo\" genus arose because travelling over large areas improved scavenging opportunities and allowed persistence hunting.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ The capacity for endurance running is also found in migratory ungulates and a limited number of terrestrial carnivores, such as dogs, wolves and hyenas.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ Sports in the United States are an important part of the country's culture.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ Based on revenue, the four major professional sports leagues in the United States are Major League Baseball (MLB), the National Basketball Association (NBA), the National Football League (NFL), and the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ The market for professional sports in the United States is roughly $69 billion, roughly 50% larger than that of all of Europe, the Middle East, and Africa combined.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ Major League Soccer is sometimes included in a \"top five\" of leagues of the country.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ All four enjoy wide-ranging domestic media coverage and are considered the preeminent leagues in their respective sports in the world, although only basketball, baseball, and ice hockey have substantial followings in other nations.", "Soccer in the United States __knowledge__ Soccer in the United States is governed by the United States Soccer Federation.", "Soccer in the United States __knowledge__ The organization governs most levels of soccer in the country, including the national teams, professional leagues, and the amateur game with the exception of colleges and high schools.", "Soccer in the United States __knowledge__ , over 24.4 million people play soccer in the United States.", "Soccer in the United States __knowledge__ In 2012, the U.S. Census Bureau reported that soccer was the third-most played team sport in the U.S., behind only basketball and baseball.", "Soccer in the United States __knowledge__ The popularity of the sport in the U.S. has been growing since the 1960s and 1970s, and received a significant boost when the United States hosted the 1994 FIFA World Cup and 1999 FIFA Women's World Cup." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cross country running __knowledge__ Cross country running is a sport in which teams and individuals run a race on open-air courses over natural terrain such as dirt or grass.", "Cross country running __knowledge__ Sometimes the runners are referred to as \"harriers\" (dogs).", "Cross country running __knowledge__ The course, typically long, may include surfaces of grass, and earth, pass through woodlands and open country, and include hills, flat ground and sometimes gravel road.", "Cross country running __knowledge__ It is both an individual and a team sport; runners are judged on individual times and teams by a points-scoring method.", "Cross country running __knowledge__ Both men and women of all ages compete in cross country, which usually takes place during autumn and winter, and can include weather conditions of rain, sleet, snow or hail, and a wide range of temperatures.", "Cross country running __knowledge__ Cross country running is one of the disciplines under the umbrella sport of athletics, and is a natural terrain version of long-distance track and road running.", "Cross country running __knowledge__ Although open-air running competitions are pre-historic, the rules and traditions of cross country racing emerged in Britain.", "Cross country running __knowledge__ The English championship became the first national competition in 1876 and the International Cross Country Championships was held for the first time in 1903.", "Cross country running __knowledge__ Since 1973 the foremost elite competition has been the IAAF World Cross Country Championships.", "David Campese __knowledge__ David Ian Campese, AM (born 21 October 1962), also known as Campo, is a former Australian rugby union player.", "David Campese __knowledge__ Campese was capped by the Wallabies 101 times, and held the world record for the most tries in test matches (64) until Daisuke Ohata scored his 65th try playing for Japan on 14 May 2006.", "David Campese __knowledge__ Campese made his debut for the Wallabies on the 1982 Australia rugby union tour of New Zealand, during which he scored a try in his first two Tests.", "David Campese __knowledge__ In 1983, he equaled the then record for most tries in a Test match for Australia against the USA, scoring four tries.", "David Campese __knowledge__ He was a member of the Eighth Wallabies for the 1984 Australia rugby union tour of Britain and Ireland that won rugby union's \"grand slam\", the first Australian side to defeat all four home nations, England, Ireland, Wales and Scotland, on a tour.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that appear in \"\".", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are listed in alphabetical order.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Most characters are seen in their classic appearance (Catwoman, Green Arrow), while others (Blue Beetle) have their current costume.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Some have even been re-imagined for the show (the Outsiders).", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are described below using in-universe tone.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ 'Mazing Man is a short man who dresses up as a superhero.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ In the \"Kitty Catastrophe\" segment of \"Four Star Spectacular\", he is the accident-prone catsitter for a couple named Owen and Fiona.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ It is apparent that Batman is his favorite superhero and the inspiration for his costume.", "2006 Texas Longhorns football team __knowledge__ The 2006 Texas Longhorn football team represented the University of Texas at Austin in the 2006 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2006 Texas Longhorns football team __knowledge__ The team's head football coach was Mack Brown.", "2006 Texas Longhorns football team __knowledge__ The Longhorns (also known as Texas or UT or the Horns) played their home games in Darrell K Royal–Texas Memorial Stadium (DKR), which during 2006 was undergoing some renovations to improve older sections as well as to add extra seating capacity.", "2006 Texas Longhorns football team __knowledge__ The 2006 team was the defending national champions since the previous year's team won both the Big 12 Conference championship and the National Championship.", "2006 Texas Longhorns football team __knowledge__ That was the program's second Big 12 Championship (27 conference championships total, including 25 in the Southwest Conference), and fourth consensus national championship in football.", "Special Olympics __knowledge__ Special Olympics is the world's largest sports organization for children and adults with intellectual disabilities, providing year-round training and competitions to 5.7 million athletes and Unified Sports partners in 172 countries.", "Special Olympics __knowledge__ Special Olympics competitions are held every day, all around the world—including local, national and regional competitions, adding up to more than 100,000 events a year.", "Special Olympics __knowledge__ Like the International Paralympic Committee, the Special Olympics organization is recognized by the International Olympic Committee; however, unlike the Paralympic Games, Special Olympics World Games are not held in the same year or in conjunction with the Olympic Games.", "List of dodgeball variations __knowledge__ The following is a list of rules variations from around the world, for the collection of games known as dodgeball.", "List of dodgeball variations __knowledge__ Army dodgeball, also known as medic, consists of two teams, and is normally played in a medium-sized arena (such as a basketball court or a parking lot).", "List of dodgeball variations __knowledge__ The two teams are picked and a line is made in the center of the playing area.", "List of dodgeball variations __knowledge__ Each team is assigned a side and neither team may cross the center line or they risk being automatically eliminated.", "List of dodgeball variations __knowledge__ Several dodgeballs are then distributed to the teams.", "List of dodgeball variations __knowledge__ Each player then tries to hit the other team's players with the balls, and the spot that is hit is therefore \"wounded\" and the player must move to the back of the playing area and wait for the \"medic\" to come heal them.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "Magic number (sports) __knowledge__ In certain sports, a magic number is a number used to indicate how close a front-running team is to clinching a division title and/or a playoff spot.", "Magic number (sports) __knowledge__ It represents the total of additional wins by the front-running team or additional losses (or any combination thereof) by the rival teams after which it is mathematically impossible for the rival teams to capture the title in the remaining number of games (assuming some highly unlikely occurrence such as disqualification or expulsion from the competition or retroactive forfeiture of games does not occur).", "Magic number (sports) __knowledge__ Magic numbers are generally confined to sports where each game results in a win or a loss, but not a tie.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ is the longest-running noontime variety show in the Philippines.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The show has featured hundreds of segments and competitions since its debut on July 30, 1979.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The following is an incomplete list of the segments of \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ throughout its thirty-eight year run on television.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The segments are organized alphabetically by title.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ It is a special segment that has a similar concept with \"I Object, Your Honor\" and \"I Object, #NasaanAngHustisya?", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \", that tests the cleverness and originality of the \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ hosts.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The hosts are divided into two teams.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ In each round, both teams are given one specific object.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ A referendum on Scottish independence from the United Kingdom took place on 18 September 2014.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The referendum question, which voters answered with \"Yes\" or \"No\", was \"Should Scotland be an independent country?\"", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The \"No\" side won, with 2,001,926 (55.3%) voting against independence and 1,617,989 (44.7%) voting in favour.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The turnout of 84.6% was the highest recorded for an election or referendum in the United Kingdom since the introduction of universal suffrage.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The Scottish Independence Referendum Act 2013, setting out the arrangements for the referendum, was passed by the Scottish Parliament in November 2013, following an agreement between the Scottish Government and the United Kingdom government.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ The Yes Men are a culture jamming activist duo and network of supporters created by Jacques Servin and Igor Vamos.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ Through actions of tactical media, the Yes Men primarily aim to raise awareness about problematic social and political issues.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ To date, the duo have produced three films: \"The Yes Men\" (2003), \"The Yes Men Fix the World\" (2009) and \"The Yes Men Are Revolting\" (2014).", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ In these films, they impersonate entities that they dislike, a practice that they call \"identity correction\".", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ The Yes Men operate under the mission statement that lies can expose truth.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ They create and maintain fake websites similar to ones they intend to spoof, which have led to numerous interview, conference, and TV talk show invitations.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ \"Glee\" is a musical comedy-drama television series that aired on Fox in the United States for six seasons from 2009 to 2015.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ It focuses on the high school glee club New Directions competing on the show choir competition circuit, while its members deal with relationships, sexuality and social issues.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ The initial main cast encompassed club director and Spanish (later History) teacher Will Schuester (Matthew Morrison), cheerleading coach Sue Sylvester (Jane Lynch), guidance counselor Emma Pillsbury (Jayma Mays), Will's wife Terri (Jessalyn Gilsig), and eight club members played by Dianna Agron, Chris Colfer, Kevin McHale, Lea Michele, Cory Monteith, Amber Riley, Mark Salling and Jenna Ushkowitz.", "Dating __knowledge__ Dating is a stage of romantic relationships in humans whereby two people meet socially with the aim of each assessing the other's suitability as a prospective partner in an intimate relationship or marriage.", "Dating __knowledge__ It is a form of courtship, consisting of social activities done by the couple, either alone or with others.", "Dating __knowledge__ The protocols and practices of dating, and the terms used to describe it, vary considerably from country to country and over time.", "Dating __knowledge__ While the term has several meanings, the most frequent usage refers to two people exploring whether they are romantically or sexually compatible by participating in dates with the other.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Yes Minister is a Political satire British sitcom written by Antony Jay and Jonathan Lynn that was first transmitted on BBC Two from 1980 to 1984, split over three seven-episode series.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ The sequel, Yes, Prime Minister, ran from 1986 to 1988.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ In total there were 38 episodes, of which all but one lasted half an hour.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Almost all episodes ended with a variation of the title of the series spoken as the answer to a question posed by Hacker.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Several episodes were adapted for BBC Radio, and a stage play was produced in 2010, the latter leading to a new television series on UKTV Gold in 2013.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Set principally in the private office of a British Cabinet minister in the fictional Department of Administrative Affairs in Whitehall, \"Yes Minister\" follows the ministerial career of the Rt Hon Jim Hacker MP, played by Paul Eddington." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cross country running __knowledge__ Cross country running is a sport in which teams and individuals run a race on open-air courses over natural terrain such as dirt or grass.", "Cross country running __knowledge__ Sometimes the runners are referred to as \"harriers\" (dogs).", "Cross country running __knowledge__ The course, typically long, may include surfaces of grass, and earth, pass through woodlands and open country, and include hills, flat ground and sometimes gravel road.", "Cross country running __knowledge__ It is both an individual and a team sport; runners are judged on individual times and teams by a points-scoring method.", "Cross country running __knowledge__ Both men and women of all ages compete in cross country, which usually takes place during autumn and winter, and can include weather conditions of rain, sleet, snow or hail, and a wide range of temperatures.", "Cross country running __knowledge__ Cross country running is one of the disciplines under the umbrella sport of athletics, and is a natural terrain version of long-distance track and road running.", "Cross country running __knowledge__ Although open-air running competitions are pre-historic, the rules and traditions of cross country racing emerged in Britain.", "Cross country running __knowledge__ The English championship became the first national competition in 1876 and the International Cross Country Championships was held for the first time in 1903.", "Cross country running __knowledge__ Since 1973 the foremost elite competition has been the IAAF World Cross Country Championships.", "Fox hunting __knowledge__ Fox hunting is an activity involving the tracking, chase and, if caught, the killing of a fox, traditionally a red fox, by trained foxhounds or other scent hounds, and a group of unarmed followers led by a \"master of foxhounds\" (\"master of hounds\"), who follow the hounds on foot or on horseback.", "Fox hunting __knowledge__ Fox hunting with hounds, as a formalised activity, originated in England in the sixteenth century, in a form very similar to that practised until February 2005, when a law banning the activity in England and Wales came into force.", "Fox hunting __knowledge__ A ban on hunting in Scotland had been passed in 2002, but it continues to be within the law in Northern Ireland and several other countries, including Australia, Canada, France, Ireland, Italy, and the United States.", "Paper Chase (game) __knowledge__ Paper Chase (also known as Hare and Hounds or Chalk Chase) is a racing game played outdoors (best played within a wood or even a shrubbery maze) with any number of players.", "Paper Chase (game) __knowledge__ At the start of the game, one person is designated the 'hare' and everyone else in the group are the 'hounds'.", "Paper Chase (game) __knowledge__ The 'hare' starts off ahead of everyone else leaving behind themselves a trail of paper shreds (or chalk marks in an urban environment) which represents the scent of the hare.", "Paper Chase (game) __knowledge__ Just as scent is carried on the wind, so too are the bits of paper, sometimes making for a difficult game.", "Paper Chase (game) __knowledge__ After some designated time, the hounds must chase after the hare and attempt to catch them before they reach the ending point of the race.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ This article is about the characters in Brian Jacques' fantasy series \"Redwall\".", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the Abbey Warriors from the books \"The Legend of Luke\" to \"Eulalia!\".", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Martin I is an anthropomorphic mouse, appearing in the \"Redwall\" series by Brian Jacques.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Known as \"Martin the Warrior\" throughout the Redwall series, Martin, a woodland mouse, is the son of Luke the Warrior and his mate Sayna.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Luke is the kindly leader of an idyllic tribe of mice.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Their settlement is sacked by a wicked stoat pirate named Vilu Daskar, and Sayna is killed.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Luke vows revenge against the corsair captain and sets out after him, refusing Martin's wishes to join him, but leaving his sword in his son's possession.", "List of famous big game hunters __knowledge__ This is a list of famous big game hunters who gained fame largely or solely because of their big game hunting exploits.", "List of famous big game hunters __knowledge__ The members of this list either hunted big game professionally for profit, the science of their day or by virtue of their wealth or position for sport consistently as their primary pastime for many years, and includes brief biographical details particularly concerning the game hunted, the hunting methods employed and the hunting weapons used by those listed.", "List of famous big game hunters __knowledge__ Frank Maurice \"Bunny\" Allen (1906–2002) was an English born professional safari guide in Kenya.", "List of famous big game hunters __knowledge__ Born in Buckinghamshire, as a young boy Allen learnt to poach game, gaining the nickname “Bunny” for his skill at snaring rabbits.", "Beagling __knowledge__ Beagling is the hunting mainly of hares, but also rabbits, but definitely not foxes by beagles by scent.", "Beagling __knowledge__ A beagle pack (10 or more hounds) is usually followed on foot, and in some limited examples, mounted.", "Beagling __knowledge__ Beagling is often enjoyed by 'retired' fox hunters who have either sustained too many injuries or lost the agility to ride horseback, or who enjoy the outdoors and the camaraderie of the hunt.", "Beagling __knowledge__ It is also traditionally a way for young men and women to learn how to handle hounds on a smaller scale before they go on to hunt with foxhounds.", "Beagling __knowledge__ In the UK and Ireland, the traditional quarry of beagle packs has been the hare.", "Hare coursing __knowledge__ Hare coursing is the pursuit of hares with greyhounds and other sighthounds, which chase the hare by sight and not by scent.", "Hare coursing __knowledge__ In some countries, it is a legal, competitive activity, in which dogs are tested on their ability to run, overtake and turn a hare, rather than a form of hunting aiming at the capture of game.", "Hare coursing __knowledge__ It has a number of variations in its rules around the world.", "Hare coursing __knowledge__ Coursing can also be a form of hunting or pest control.", "Hare coursing __knowledge__ It is a long-established hunting technique, practiced historically in England, especially with greyhounds or sighthound breeds, or with lurchers which are crossbred sighthounds.", "Beagle __knowledge__ The Beagle is a breed of small hound that is similar in appearance to the much larger foxhound.", "Beagle __knowledge__ The beagle is a scent hound, developed primarily for hunting hare.", "Beagle __knowledge__ With a great sense of smell and superior tracking instinct, the beagle is employed as detection dog for prohibited agricultural imports and foodstuffs in quarantine around the world.", "Beagle __knowledge__ The beagle is intelligent but single-minded.", "Beagle __knowledge__ It is a popular pet due to its size, good temper, and lack of inherited health problems.", "Beagle __knowledge__ Although beagle-type dogs have existed for 2,500 years, the modern breed was developed in Great Britain around the 1830s from several breeds, including the Talbot Hound, the North Country Beagle, the Southern Hound, and possibly the Harrier.", "Satpal Maharaj __knowledge__ Satpal Singh Rawat also known as Satpal Maharaj born 21 September 1951 in Kankhal (a small colony in the holy town of Haridwar, Uttarakhand), is the son of famous spiritual master Yogiraj Paramsant Shri Hans Ji Maharaj and Jagat Janni Rajeshwari Devi.", "Satpal Maharaj __knowledge__ His brother is Prem Rawat.", "Satpal Maharaj __knowledge__ He is a National Executive Member of Bharatiya Janata Party.", "Satpal Maharaj __knowledge__ He was also a member of the lower house of the Parliament of India (15th Lok Sabha) for the Indian National Congress party.", "Satpal Maharaj __knowledge__ He left Congress Party and joined Bharatiya Janata Party on 21 March 2014.", "Satpal Maharaj __knowledge__ Satpal Maharaj studied at St. George's College in Mussorie.", "Satpal Maharaj __knowledge__ As of 2014, Maharaj is the head of the Manav Utthan Sewa Samiti.", "Khulna University __knowledge__ Khulna University () is a public university in Bangladesh.", "Khulna University __knowledge__ It is situated at Gollamari, Khulna, Bangladesh, by the river Moyur, beside the Khulna-Satkhira highway.", "Khulna University __knowledge__ The academic programs of Khulna University started on 31 August 1991 with 80 students in four disciplines.", "Khulna University __knowledge__ Khulna University has 28 disciplines under six schools and one institute.", "Khulna University __knowledge__ It is the only university in Bangladesh where student politics is not allowed.", "Khulna University __knowledge__ Students passing the Higher Secondary Certificate examination are very much interested in their admission in Khulna University for this politics-free environment.", "Khulna University __knowledge__ Khulna is an administrative division as well as the third largest metropolitan city in Bangladesh.", "Lee Strasberg __knowledge__ Lee Strasberg (born Israel Strasberg; November 17, 1901February 17, 1982) was a Polish-born American actor, director, and theatre practitioner.", "Lee Strasberg __knowledge__ He was born in a part of Galicia, Austrian Poland, in what is now Ukraine.", "Lee Strasberg __knowledge__ He co founded, with directors Harold Clurman and Cheryl Crawford, the Group Theatre in 1931, which was hailed as \"America's first true theatrical collective\".", "Lee Strasberg __knowledge__ In 1951, he became director of the nonprofit Actors Studio in New York City, considered \"the nation's most prestigious acting school\", and in 1966, was involved in the creation of Actors Studio West in Los Angeles.", "Lee Strasberg __knowledge__ Although other highly regarded teachers also developed \"the Method\", Strasberg is often considered the \"father of method acting in America\", according to author Mel Gussow, and from the 1920s until his death in 1982, \"he revolutionized the art of acting by having a profound influence on performance in American theater and movies\".", "Positive discipline __knowledge__ Positive Discipline (or PD) is a discipline model used by schools, and in parenting, that focuses on the positive points of behaviour, based on the idea that there are no bad children, just good and bad behaviors.", "Positive discipline __knowledge__ You can teach and reinforce the good behaviors while weaning the bad behaviors without hurting the child verbally or physically.", "Positive discipline __knowledge__ People engaging in positive discipline are not ignoring problems.", "Positive discipline __knowledge__ Rather, they are actively involved in helping their child learn how to handle situations more appropriately while remaining calm, friendly and respectful to the children themselves.", "Positive discipline __knowledge__ Positive discipline includes a number of different techniques that, used in combination, can lead to a more effective way for parents to manage their kids behaviour, or for teachers to manage groups of students.", "1982 Kangaroo tour of Great Britain and France __knowledge__ The 1982 Kangaroo tour was the fifteenth Kangaroo tour where the Australian national rugby league team played a number of matches against British and French rugby league teams, in addition to the Test matches.", "1982 Kangaroo tour of Great Britain and France __knowledge__ The Australia national rugby league team have generally since 1908 barring wartime, toured Great Britain every four years often capping the tour with matches and Tests in France.", "1982 Kangaroo tour of Great Britain and France __knowledge__ This regular touring side (and in recent years all Australian representative sides) are known as the Kangaroos.", "1982 Kangaroo tour of Great Britain and France __knowledge__ The 1982 Kangaroos, coached by Frank Stanton dominated, winning both Test series against Great Britain (three Tests) and France (two Tests); winning every match of the tour and earning the nickname The Invincibles.", "Sarah Jane Murray __knowledge__ Sarah Jane Murray is an Irish-born academic and EMMY-nominated and award-winning screenwriter and filmmaker who works in the United States.", "Sarah Jane Murray __knowledge__ She is also known for applying story design principles to corporate and not-for-profit brand and impact strategy, and has won numerous creative awards for story-driven branded content and video-based impact campaigns, including bronze and silver TELLY awards, communicator awards of excellence, and the communicator award of distinction.", "Sarah Jane Murray __knowledge__ She is a member of the WGA, West non fiction caucus.", "Sarah Jane Murray __knowledge__ Born in Ireland, she graduated from Auburn University with a BA in French and Philosophy, and studied at the École normale supérieure de lettres et sciences humaines in Lyon before getting her MA and PhD from Princeton University.", "Nīlakaṇṭha Dhāraṇī __knowledge__ The ', also known as the ', or Great Compassion Dhāraṇī (or Mantra) (Chinese: 大悲咒 \"Dàbēi zhòu\"; Japanese: 大悲心陀羅尼 \"Daihishin darani\" or 大悲呪 \"Daihi shu\"; Vietnamese: \"Chú đại bi\" or \"Đại bi tâm đà la ni\"; Korean: 신묘장구대다라니 (Hanja: 神妙章句大陀羅尼) \"Sinmyo janggu daedarani\"), is a Mahayana Buddhist dhāraṇī associated with the bodhisattva Avalokiteśvara.", "Nīlakaṇṭha Dhāraṇī __knowledge__ The dhāraṇī is thought to have originally been a recitation of names and attributes of Harihara (a composite form of the Hindu gods Vishnu and Shiva; \"Nīlakaṇṭha\" 'the blue-necked one' is a title of Shiva) said to have been recited by Avalokiteśvara, who was sometimes portrayed as introducing popular non-Buddhist deities (e.g." ] ]

[ 2, 4, 5, 6, 8 ]

[ "I do! Fun fact, sometimes the runners are called Harriers?", "I don't know why. But I agree cross country is a great team sport!", "Yes, and I love that both women and men of all ages can compete!", "It teaches great discipline, too.", "Interesting! The first English championship took place in 1876!" ]

[ "Cross country running", "Cross country running", "Cross country running", "Cross country running", "Cross country running" ]

[ "Reading (process)\nI love to read", "What do you love to read. I love reading novels most times", "How many genre of novels do we have?", "I want to try Science fiction too. What is science fiction novel about? " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a complex \"cognitive process\" of decoding symbols in order to construct or derive meaning (reading comprehension).", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a means of language acquisition, communication, and of sharing information and ideas.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Like all languages, it is a complex interaction between the text and the reader which is shaped by the reader’s prior knowledge, experiences, attitude, and language community which is culturally and socially situated.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ The reading process requires continuous practice, development, and refinement.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ In addition, reading requires creativity and critical analysis.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Consumers of literature make ventures with each piece, innately deviating from literal words to create images that make sense to them in the unfamiliar places the texts describe.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Because reading is such a complex process, it cannot be controlled or restricted to one or two interpretations.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ There are no concrete laws in reading, but rather allows readers an escape to produce their own products introspectively.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ This promotes deep exploration of texts during interpretation.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Readers use a variety of reading strategies to assist with decoding (to translate symbols into sounds or visual representations of speech) and comprehension.", "Va'etchanan __knowledge__ Va'etchanan ( — Hebrew for \"and I pleaded,\" the first word in the parashah) is the 45th weekly Torah portion (, \"parashah\") in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the second in the Book of Deuteronomy.", "Va'etchanan __knowledge__ It constitutes .", "Va'etchanan __knowledge__ The parashah tells how Moses asked to see the Land of Israel, made arguments to obey the law, recounted setting up the Cities of Refuge, recited the Ten Commandments and the \"Shema\", and gave instructions for the Israelites' conquest of the Land.", "Va'etchanan __knowledge__ The parashah is made up of 7,343 Hebrew letters, 1,878 Hebrew words, 122 verses, and can occupy about 249 lines in a Torah Scroll (, \"Sefer Torah\").", "Bereshit (parsha) __knowledge__ Bereshit, Bereishit, Bereishis, B'reshith, Beresheet, or Bereishees ( – Hebrew for \"in the beginning,\" the first word in the parashah) is the first weekly Torah portion (, \"parashah\") in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading.", "Bereshit (parsha) __knowledge__ The parashah consists of In the parashah, God creates the world, and Adam and Eve.", "Bereshit (parsha) __knowledge__ They eat fruit that God had forbidden them, and God expels them from the Garden of Eden.", "Bereshit (parsha) __knowledge__ One of their sons, Cain, becomes the first murderer, killing his brother Abel out of jealousy.", "Bereshit (parsha) __knowledge__ Adam, Eve, and Cain are cast out of paradise to East of Eden.", "Bereshit (parsha) __knowledge__ Adam and Eve have other children, whose descendants populate the Earth, but each generation becomes more and more degenerate until God, despairing, decides to destroy humanity.", "Vayeira __knowledge__ Vayeira, Vayera, or ( — Hebrew for \"and He appeared,\" the first word in the parashah) is the fourth weekly Torah portion (, \"parashah\") in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading.", "Vayeira __knowledge__ It constitutes .", "Vayeira __knowledge__ The parashah tells the stories of Abraham's three visitors and Abraham's bargaining with God over Sodom and Gomorrah, Lot's two visitors and Lot's bargaining with the Sodomites, the flight of Lot and the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah, how Lot's daughters became pregnant by their father, how Abraham once again passed off his wife Sarah as his sister, the birth of Isaac, the expulsion of Hagar, disputes over wells, and the binding of Isaac (, the \"Akedah\").", "Darryl Read __knowledge__ Darryl Michael Roy Read (19 September 1951 – 23 June 2013) was a British singer, guitarist, drummer, actor, poet and writer.", "Darryl Read __knowledge__ In the late 1960s, Read was a member of Crushed Butler, considered by some to be amongst the forerunners of punk rock.", "Darryl Read __knowledge__ He collaborated with musicians such as Bill Legend, Mickey Finn and Ray Manzarek.", "Darryl Read __knowledge__ Read appeared as a child actor in a number of films, including, aged 14, in \"Daylight Robbery\" (1964), for which he won a Silver medal for best actor at the Venice Film Festival.", "Darryl Read __knowledge__ He also appeared on stage in two rock-based plays and a number of television programmes.", "Darryl Read __knowledge__ He was a published author of poetry as well as a biographical novel.", "Søren Kierkegaard __knowledge__ Søren Aabye Kierkegaard ( or ; ; 5 May 1813 – 11 November 1855) was a Danish philosopher, theologian, poet, social critic and religious author who is widely considered to be the first existentialist philosopher.", "Søren Kierkegaard __knowledge__ He wrote critical texts on organized religion, Christendom, morality, ethics, psychology, and the philosophy of religion, displaying a fondness for metaphor, irony and parables.", "Søren Kierkegaard __knowledge__ Much of his philosophical work deals with the issues of how one lives as a \"single individual\", giving priority to concrete human reality over abstract thinking and highlighting the importance of personal choice and commitment.", "Luis Cernuda __knowledge__ Luis Cernuda (born Luis Cernuda Bidón September 21, 1902 – November 5, 1963) was a Spanish poet, a member of the Generation of '27.", "Luis Cernuda __knowledge__ During the Spanish Civil War, in early 1938, he went to the UK to deliver some lectures and this became the start of an exile that lasted till the end of his life.", "Luis Cernuda __knowledge__ He taught in the universities of Glasgow and Cambridge before moving in 1947 to the US.", "Luis Cernuda __knowledge__ In the 1950s he moved to Mexico.", "Luis Cernuda __knowledge__ While he continued to write poetry, he also published wide-ranging books of critical essays, covering French, English and German as well as Spanish literature.", "Luis Cernuda __knowledge__ He was frank about his homosexuality at a time when this was problematic and became something of a role model for this in Spain.", "Nitzavim __knowledge__ Nitzavim, Nitsavim, Nitzabim, Netzavim, or Nesabim ( — Hebrew for \"ones standing,\" the second word, and the first distinctive word, in the parashah) is the 51st weekly Torah portion (, \"parashah\") in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the eighth in the Book of Deuteronomy.", "Nitzavim __knowledge__ It constitutes (Deuteronomy 29:10 onwards in some versions of the Hebrew Bible).", "Nitzavim __knowledge__ In the parashah, Moses told the Israelites that all the people stood before God to enter into the covenant, violation of which would bring on curses, but if they returned to God and heeded God’s commandments, then God would take them back in love and bring them together again from the ends of the world." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a complex \"cognitive process\" of decoding symbols in order to construct or derive meaning (reading comprehension).", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a means of language acquisition, communication, and of sharing information and ideas.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Like all languages, it is a complex interaction between the text and the reader which is shaped by the reader’s prior knowledge, experiences, attitude, and language community which is culturally and socially situated.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ The reading process requires continuous practice, development, and refinement.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ In addition, reading requires creativity and critical analysis.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Consumers of literature make ventures with each piece, innately deviating from literal words to create images that make sense to them in the unfamiliar places the texts describe.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Because reading is such a complex process, it cannot be controlled or restricted to one or two interpretations.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ There are no concrete laws in reading, but rather allows readers an escape to produce their own products introspectively.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ This promotes deep exploration of texts during interpretation.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Readers use a variety of reading strategies to assist with decoding (to translate symbols into sounds or visual representations of speech) and comprehension.", "Northanger Abbey __knowledge__ Northanger Abbey () was the first of Jane Austen's novels to be completed for publication, in 1803.", "Northanger Abbey __knowledge__ However, it was not published until after her death in 1817, along with another novel of hers, \"Persuasion.\"", "Northanger Abbey __knowledge__ \"Northanger Abbey\" is a satire of Gothic novels, which were quite popular at the time, in 1798–99.", "Northanger Abbey __knowledge__ This coming-of-age story revolves around Catherine Morland, a young and naïve \"heroine,\" who entertains the reader on her journey to a better understanding of the world and those around her.", "Northanger Abbey __knowledge__ In the course of the novel, she discovers that she differs from those other women who crave wealth or social acceptance, as instead she wishes only to have happiness supported by genuine morality.", "Printer driver __knowledge__ In computers, a printer driver or a print processor is a piece of software that converts the data to be printed to the form specific to a printer.", "Printer driver __knowledge__ The purpose of printer drivers is to allow applications to do printing without being aware of the technical details of each printer model.", "Printer driver __knowledge__ Printer drivers should not be confused with print spoolers, that queue print jobs and send them successively to a printer.", "Printer driver __knowledge__ Unix and other Unix-like systems such as Linux and OS X use CUPS (short for Common Unix Printing System), a modular printing system for Unix-like computer operating systems, which allows a computer to act as a print server.", "Novel __knowledge__ A novel is any relatively long work of narrative fiction, normally in prose, and typically published as a book.", "Novel __knowledge__ The genre has been described as having \"a continuous and comprehensive history of about two thousand years,\" with its origins in classical Greece and Rome, in medieval and early modern romance, and in the tradition of the novella.", "Novel __knowledge__ The latter, an Italian word for a short story to distinguish it from a novel, has been used in English since the 18th century for a work that falls somewhere in between.", "Novel __knowledge__ Ian Watt, in \"The Rise of the Novel\", suggested in 1957 that the novel first came into being in the early 18th century.", "WordPerfect __knowledge__ WordPerfect (WP) is a word processing application owned by Corel with a long history on multiple personal computer platforms.", "WordPerfect __knowledge__ The program was originally developed under contract at Brigham Young University for use on a Data General minicomputer in 1979.", "WordPerfect __knowledge__ The authors retained the rights to the program, forming Satellite Software International (SSI) to sell it under the name WordPerfect in 1980.", "WordPerfect __knowledge__ A port to MS-DOS followed in 1982 and several greatly updated versions quickly followed.", "WordPerfect __knowledge__ The application's feature list was considerably more advanced than its main competition, WordStar, an established program that originated on CP/M.", "Romance novel __knowledge__ The romance novel or romantic novel discussed in this article is the mass-market literary genre.", "Romance novel __knowledge__ Novels of this type of genre fiction place their primary focus on the relationship and romantic love between two people, and must have an \"emotionally satisfying and optimistic ending.\"", "Romance novel __knowledge__ There are many subgenres of the romance novel including fantasy, historical romance, paranormal fiction, and science fiction.", "Romance novel __knowledge__ Walter Scott defined the literary fiction form of romance as \"a fictitious narrative in prose or verse; the interest of which turns upon marvellous and uncommon incidents\".", "Romance novel __knowledge__ A thriving genre of works conventionally referred to as \"romance novels\" existed in ancient Greece.", "LGBT writers in the Dutch-language area __knowledge__ LGBT writers in the Dutch-language area are writers from de Lage Landen, that is Flanders and the Netherlands, According to Gerrit Komrij qualifying for at least two of the above makes someone a gay author.", "LGBT writers in the Dutch-language area __knowledge__ The first of these authors owed much to the late 19th century decadent literature, with names like Georges Eekhoud in Belgium and Jacob Israël de Haan in the Netherlands.", "LGBT writers in the Dutch-language area __knowledge__ After the second world war Gerard Reve, and later Gerrit Komrij and Tom Lanoye became the leading names.", "LGBT writers in the Dutch-language area __knowledge__ Most of these LGBT writers are Dutch-language writers contributing to Dutch-language literature, some of them acquiring a place in the Canon of Dutch Literature.", "Reception history of Jane Austen __knowledge__ The reception history of Jane Austen follows a path from modest fame to wild popularity.", "Reception history of Jane Austen __knowledge__ Jane Austen (1775–1817), the author of such works as \"Pride and Prejudice\" (1813) and \"Emma\" (1815), has become one of the best-known and most widely read novelists in the English language.", "Reception history of Jane Austen __knowledge__ Her novels are the subject of intense scholarly study and the centre of a diverse fan culture.", "Reception history of Jane Austen __knowledge__ During her lifetime, Austen's novels brought her little personal fame.", "Reception history of Jane Austen __knowledge__ Like many women writers, she chose to publish anonymously, but her authorship was an open secret.", "Reception history of Jane Austen __knowledge__ At the time they were published, Austen's works were considered fashionable but received only a few reviews, albeit positive.", "Reading comprehension __knowledge__ Reading comprehension is the ability to read text, process it, and understand its meaning.", "Reading comprehension __knowledge__ Although this definition may seem simple, it is not necessarily simple to teach, learn or practice.", "Reading comprehension __knowledge__ An individual's ability to comprehend text is influenced by their traits and skills, one of which is the ability to make inferences.", "Reading comprehension __knowledge__ If word recognition is difficult, students use too much of their processing capacity to read individual words, which interferes with their ability to comprehend what is read.", "Reading comprehension __knowledge__ There are a number of approaches to improve reading comprehension, including improving one's vocabulary and reading strategies.", "Learning to read __knowledge__ Learning to read is the acquisition and practice of the skills necessary to understand the meaning behind printed words.", "Learning to read __knowledge__ For a fairly good reader, the skill of reading often feels simple, effortless, and automatic; however, the process of learning to read is complex and builds on cognitive, linguistic, and social skills developed from a very early age.", "Learning to read __knowledge__ Usually, in order to understand a text, it is necessary to understand the spoken language associated with that text.", "Learning to read __knowledge__ In this way, writing systems are distinguished form many other symbolic communication systems.", "Learning to read __knowledge__ Once established, writing systems on the whole change more slowly than their spoken counterparts, and often preserve features and expressions which are no longer current in the spoken language.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ Reading education is the process by which individuals are taught to derive meaning from text.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ Government-funded research on reading and reading instruction in the United States began in the 1960s.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ In the 1970s and 1980s, researchers began publishing findings based on converging evidence from multiple studies.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ However, these findings have been slow to move into typical classroom practice.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ Proficient reading is equally dependent on two critical skills: the ability to understand the language in which the text is written, and the ability to recognize and process printed text.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ Each of these competencies is likewise dependent on lower level skills and cognitive abilities.", "Reading for special needs __knowledge__ Reading for special needs has become an area of interest as the understanding of reading has improved.", "Reading for special needs __knowledge__ Teaching children with special needs how to read was not historically pursued due to perspectives of a Reading Readiness model.", "Reading for special needs __knowledge__ This model assumes that a reader must learn to read in a hierarchical manner such that one skill must be mastered before learning the next skill (e.g., a child might be expected to learn the names of the letters in the alphabet in the correct order before being taught how to read his or her name).", "Reading for special needs __knowledge__ This approach often led to teaching sub-skills of reading in a decontextualized manner.", "Reciprocal teaching __knowledge__ Reciprocal teaching is an instructional activity that takes the form of a dialogue between teachers and students regarding segments of text for the purpose of constructing the meaning of text.", "Reciprocal teaching __knowledge__ Reciprocal teaching is a reading technique which is thought to promote students' reading comprehension.", "Reciprocal teaching __knowledge__ A reciprocal approach provides students with four specific reading strategies that are actively and consciously used to support comprehension: Questioning, Clarifying, Summarizing, and Predicting.", "Reciprocal teaching __knowledge__ Palincsar (1986) believes the purpose of reciprocal teaching is to facilitate a group effort between teacher and students as well as among students in the task of bringing meaning to the text.", "Speed reading __knowledge__ Speed reading is any of several techniques used to improve one's ability to read quickly.", "Speed reading __knowledge__ Speed reading methods include chunking and minimizing subvocalization.", "Speed reading __knowledge__ The many available speed reading training programs include books, videos, software, and seminars.", "Speed reading __knowledge__ Psychologists and educational specialists working on visual acuity used a tachistoscope to conclude, that with training, an average person could identify minute images flashed on the screen for only one five-hundredth of a second (2 ms).", "Speed reading __knowledge__ Though the images used were of airplanes, the results had implications for reading.", "Speed reading __knowledge__ It was not until the late 1950s that a portable, reliable, and convenient device would be developed as a tool for increasing reading speed.", "Readability __knowledge__ Readability is the ease with which a reader can understand a written text.", "Readability __knowledge__ In natural language, the readability of text depends on its content (the complexity of its vocabulary and syntax) and its presentation (such as typographic aspects like font size, line height, and line length).", "Readability __knowledge__ Researchers have used various factors to measure readability, such as Readability is more than simply legibility—which is a measure of how easily a reader can distinguish individual letters or characters from each other.", "Readability __knowledge__ Higher readability eases reading effort and speed for any reader, but it is especially important for those who do not have high reading comprehension." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a complex \"cognitive process\" of decoding symbols in order to construct or derive meaning (reading comprehension).", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a means of language acquisition, communication, and of sharing information and ideas.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Like all languages, it is a complex interaction between the text and the reader which is shaped by the reader’s prior knowledge, experiences, attitude, and language community which is culturally and socially situated.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ The reading process requires continuous practice, development, and refinement.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ In addition, reading requires creativity and critical analysis.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Consumers of literature make ventures with each piece, innately deviating from literal words to create images that make sense to them in the unfamiliar places the texts describe.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Because reading is such a complex process, it cannot be controlled or restricted to one or two interpretations.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ There are no concrete laws in reading, but rather allows readers an escape to produce their own products introspectively.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ This promotes deep exploration of texts during interpretation.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Readers use a variety of reading strategies to assist with decoding (to translate symbols into sounds or visual representations of speech) and comprehension.", "Failsworth __knowledge__ Failsworth is a town within the Metropolitan Borough of Oldham, in Greater Manchester, England.", "Failsworth __knowledge__ It is east-northeast of Manchester city centre and south-southwest of Oldham.", "Failsworth __knowledge__ Failsworth lies within the orbital M60 motorway, which skirts Failsworth's eastern boundary.", "Failsworth __knowledge__ The total population of the 2 Wards in Failsworth (East & West) at the 2011 census was 20,680.", "Failsworth __knowledge__ Historically a part of Lancashire, until the 19th century Failsworth was a small agricultural township linked ecclesiastically with the parish of Manchester.", "Failsworth __knowledge__ Farming was the main industry of this rural area, with locals supplementing their incomes by hand-loom weaving in the domestic system.", "Failsworth School __knowledge__ Failsworth School is a mixed gender secondary school admitting children between 11–16-year of age.", "Failsworth School __knowledge__ The school is located in Failsworth, within the Metropolitan Borough of Oldham in Greater Manchester.", "Failsworth School __knowledge__ Failsworth is a fully inclusive, popular and oversubscribed school in Failsworth, Greater Manchester.", "Failsworth School __knowledge__ The school is housed in a state of the art learning environment that was opened in February 2008.", "Failsworth School __knowledge__ For the last five years the school has had record breaking exam results and this has placed Failsworth School in the top one hundred most improved schools in the country.", "Failsworth School __knowledge__ The \"new school\" was opened on 25 February 2008, 22 months after the building commenced and at a cost of £28 million.", "Regent Mill, Failsworth __knowledge__ Regent Mill, Failsworth is a Grade II listed former cotton spinning mill in Failsworth, Oldham, Greater Manchester.", "Regent Mill, Failsworth __knowledge__ It was built by the Regent Mill Ltd. in 1905, but purchased by the Lancashire Cotton Corporation in the 1930s.", "Regent Mill, Failsworth __knowledge__ It was later taken over by the Courtaulds Group.", "Regent Mill, Failsworth __knowledge__ On ceasing textile production it was occupied by Pifco Ltd, and then by Salton Europe Ltd who now occupy this site.", "Regent Mill, Failsworth __knowledge__ It was driven by an 1800 hp twin tandem compound engine by Buckley & Taylor.", "Regent Mill, Failsworth __knowledge__ It became a ring mill with 60,000 spindles in 1915, all provided by Platt Brothers.", "Regent Mill, Failsworth __knowledge__ Failsworth is a town within the Metropolitan Borough of Oldham, in Greater Manchester, England.", "Failsworth tram stop __knowledge__ Failsworth tram stop is a Manchester Metrolink tram stop on the Oldham and Rochdale Line (ORL) in Failsworth, Greater Manchester.", "Failsworth tram stop __knowledge__ It was formerly a railway station before its conversion to Metrolink in 2012.", "Failsworth tram stop __knowledge__ Failsworth railway station opened on 26 April 1881 and was situated in Failsworth, in the Metropolitan Borough of Oldham, Greater Manchester, England.", "Failsworth tram stop __knowledge__ It was notable for its wooden platforms.", "Failsworth tram stop __knowledge__ The station was on the Oldham Loop Line north east of Manchester Victoria, and was operated and managed by Northern Rail at the time of its closure.", "Failsworth tram stop __knowledge__ The station closed on 3 October 2009 to enable the line to be converted to a Metrolink service, and re-opened as Failsworth Metrolink station on 13 June 2012.", "Romance novel __knowledge__ The romance novel or romantic novel discussed in this article is the mass-market literary genre.", "Romance novel __knowledge__ Novels of this type of genre fiction place their primary focus on the relationship and romantic love between two people, and must have an \"emotionally satisfying and optimistic ending.\"", "Romance novel __knowledge__ There are many subgenres of the romance novel including fantasy, historical romance, paranormal fiction, and science fiction.", "Romance novel __knowledge__ Walter Scott defined the literary fiction form of romance as \"a fictitious narrative in prose or verse; the interest of which turns upon marvellous and uncommon incidents\".", "Romance novel __knowledge__ A thriving genre of works conventionally referred to as \"romance novels\" existed in ancient Greece.", "Yaoi __knowledge__ The main characters in yaoi usually conform to the formula of the \"seme\" (the \"top\", or dominant figure) who pursues the \"uke\" (the \"bottom\", or passive figure).", "Yaoi __knowledge__ Material classified as \"yaoi\" typically depicts gay relationships between male characters and may include homoerotic content.", "Yaoi __knowledge__ Although the yaoi genre is also called \"Boys' Love\" (commonly abbreviated as \"BL\"), the characters may be of any age above puberty, including adults.", "Yaoi __knowledge__ Works featuring prepubescent boys are labelled \"shotacon\" and seen as a distinct genre.", "Yaoi __knowledge__ \"Yaoi\" derives from two sources; in the early 1970s, \"shōjo manga\" magazines published \"tanbi\" (aesthetic) stories, also known as \"shōnen ai\" (boy love), featuring platonic relationships between young boys.", "B movie __knowledge__ A B movie or B film is a low-budget commercial movie, but not an arthouse film.", "B movie __knowledge__ In its original usage, during the Golden Age of Hollywood, the term more precisely identified films intended for distribution as the less-publicized bottom half of a double feature (akin to B-sides for recorded music).", "B movie __knowledge__ Although the U.S. production of movies intended as second features largely ceased by the end of the 1950s, the term \"B movie\" continues to be used in its broader sense to this day.", "B movie __knowledge__ In its post–Golden Age usage, there is ambiguity on both sides of the definition: on the one hand, the primary interest of many inexpensive exploitation films is prurient; on the other, many B movies display a high degree of craft and aesthetic ingenuity.", "Northanger Abbey __knowledge__ Northanger Abbey () was the first of Jane Austen's novels to be completed for publication, in 1803.", "Northanger Abbey __knowledge__ However, it was not published until after her death in 1817, along with another novel of hers, \"Persuasion.\"", "Northanger Abbey __knowledge__ \"Northanger Abbey\" is a satire of Gothic novels, which were quite popular at the time, in 1798–99.", "Northanger Abbey __knowledge__ This coming-of-age story revolves around Catherine Morland, a young and naïve \"heroine,\" who entertains the reader on her journey to a better understanding of the world and those around her.", "Northanger Abbey __knowledge__ In the course of the novel, she discovers that she differs from those other women who crave wealth or social acceptance, as instead she wishes only to have happiness supported by genuine morality.", "Novel __knowledge__ A novel is any relatively long work of narrative fiction, normally in prose, and typically published as a book.", "Novel __knowledge__ The genre has been described as having \"a continuous and comprehensive history of about two thousand years,\" with its origins in classical Greece and Rome, in medieval and early modern romance, and in the tradition of the novella.", "Novel __knowledge__ The latter, an Italian word for a short story to distinguish it from a novel, has been used in English since the 18th century for a work that falls somewhere in between.", "Novel __knowledge__ Ian Watt, in \"The Rise of the Novel\", suggested in 1957 that the novel first came into being in the early 18th century.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Science fiction (often shortened to SF or sci-fi) is a genre of speculative fiction, typically dealing with imaginative concepts such as futuristic science and technology, space travel, time travel, faster than light travel, parallel universes, and extraterrestrial life.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Science fiction often explores the potential consequences of scientific and other innovations, and has been called a \"literature of ideas\".", "Science fiction __knowledge__ It usually avoids the supernatural, unlike the related genre of fantasy.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Historically, science-fiction stories have had a grounding in actual science, but now this is only expected of hard science fiction.", "Arabic literature __knowledge__ Arabic literature ( / ALA-LC: \"al-Adab al-‘Arabī\") is the writing, both prose and poetry, produced by writers in the Arabic language.", "Arabic literature __knowledge__ The Arabic word used for literature is \"\"Adab\"\", which is derived from a meaning of etiquette, and which implies politeness, culture and enrichment.", "Arabic literature __knowledge__ Arabic literature emerged in the 5th century with only fragments of the written language appearing before then.", "Arabic literature __knowledge__ The Qur'an, widely regarded by people as the finest piece of literature in the Arabic language, would have the greatest lasting effect on Arabic culture and its literature.", "Arabic literature __knowledge__ Arabic literature flourished during the Islamic Golden Age, but has remained vibrant to the present day, with poets and prose-writers across the Arab world, as well as rest of the world, achieving increasing success.", "Gothic fiction __knowledge__ Gothic fiction, which is largely known by the subgenre of Gothic horror, is a genre or mode of literature and film that combines fiction and horror, death, and at times romance.", "Gothic fiction __knowledge__ Its origin is attributed to English author Horace Walpole, with his 1764 novel \"The Castle of Otranto\", subtitled (in its second edition) \"A Gothic Story\".", "Gothic fiction __knowledge__ The effect of Gothic fiction feeds on a pleasing sort of terror, an extension of Romantic literary pleasures that were relatively new at the time of Walpole's novel.", "Gothic fiction __knowledge__ It originated in England in the second half of the 18th century where, following Walpole, it was further developed by Clara Reeve, Ann Radcliffe, William Thomas Beckford and Matthew Lewis.", "Michael Bishop (author) __knowledge__ Michael Lawson Bishop (born November 12, 1945) is an American writer.", "Michael Bishop (author) __knowledge__ Over four decades and in more than thirty books, he has created what has been called a \"body of work that stands among the most admired and influential in modern science fiction and fantasy literature.\"", "Michael Bishop (author) __knowledge__ Bishop was born in Lincoln, Nebraska, the son of Leotis (\"Lee\") Bishop (born 1920 in Frys Mill, Poinsett County, Arkansas) and Maxine (\"Mac\") Elaine Matison (born 1920 in Ashland, Nebraska).", "Michael Bishop (author) __knowledge__ His parents met in the summer of 1942 when his father, a recent enlistee of the Air Force, was stationed in Lincoln.", "Michael Bishop (author) __knowledge__ Bishop's childhood was the peripatetic life of a military brat." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a complex \"cognitive process\" of decoding symbols in order to construct or derive meaning (reading comprehension).", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a means of language acquisition, communication, and of sharing information and ideas.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Like all languages, it is a complex interaction between the text and the reader which is shaped by the reader’s prior knowledge, experiences, attitude, and language community which is culturally and socially situated.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ The reading process requires continuous practice, development, and refinement.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ In addition, reading requires creativity and critical analysis.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Consumers of literature make ventures with each piece, innately deviating from literal words to create images that make sense to them in the unfamiliar places the texts describe.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Because reading is such a complex process, it cannot be controlled or restricted to one or two interpretations.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ There are no concrete laws in reading, but rather allows readers an escape to produce their own products introspectively.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ This promotes deep exploration of texts during interpretation.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Readers use a variety of reading strategies to assist with decoding (to translate symbols into sounds or visual representations of speech) and comprehension.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Science fiction (often shortened to SF or sci-fi) is a genre of speculative fiction, typically dealing with imaginative concepts such as futuristic science and technology, space travel, time travel, faster than light travel, parallel universes, and extraterrestrial life.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Science fiction often explores the potential consequences of scientific and other innovations, and has been called a \"literature of ideas\".", "Science fiction __knowledge__ It usually avoids the supernatural, unlike the related genre of fantasy.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Historically, science-fiction stories have had a grounding in actual science, but now this is only expected of hard science fiction.", "History of science fiction __knowledge__ The literary genre of science fiction is diverse, and its exact definition remains a contested question among both scholars and devotees.", "History of science fiction __knowledge__ This lack of consensus is reflected in debates about the genre's history, particularly over determining its exact origins.", "History of science fiction __knowledge__ There are two broad camps of thought, one that identifies the genre's roots in early fantastical works such as the Sumerian \"Epic of Gilgamesh\" (earliest Sumerian text versions c. 2150–2000 BCE).", "History of science fiction __knowledge__ A second approach argues that science fiction only became possible sometime between the 17th and early 19th centuries, following the scientific revolution and major discoveries in astronomy, physics, and mathematics.", "LGBT themes in speculative fiction __knowledge__ LGBT themes in speculative fiction refer to the incorporation of lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender (LGBT) themes into science fiction, fantasy, horror fiction and related genres.", "LGBT themes in speculative fiction __knowledge__ Such elements may include an LGBT character as the protagonist or a major character, or explorations of sexuality or gender that deviate from the hetero-normative.", "LGBT themes in speculative fiction __knowledge__ Science fiction and fantasy have traditionally been puritanical genres aimed at a male readership, and can be more restricted than non-genre literature by their conventions of characterisation and the effect that these conventions have on depictions of sexuality and gender.", "Starship Troopers __knowledge__ Starship Troopers is a military science fiction novel by U.S. writer Robert A. Heinlein.", "Starship Troopers __knowledge__ Written in a few weeks in reaction to the U.S. suspending nuclear tests, the story was first published as a two-part serial in \"The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction\" as Starship Soldier, and published as a book by G. P. Putnam's Sons in December 1959.", "Starship Troopers __knowledge__ The story is set in a future society ruled by a world government dominated by a military elite.", "Starship Troopers __knowledge__ The first-person narrative follows Juan \"Johnny\" Rico through his military service in the Mobile Infantry.", "Starship Troopers __knowledge__ Rico progresses from recruit to officer against the backdrop of an interstellar war between humans and an alien species known as \"Arachnids\" or \"Bugs\".", "Feminist science fiction __knowledge__ Feminist science fiction is a subgenre of science fiction (abbreviated \"SF\") focused on theories that include but are not limited to gender inequality, sexuality, race, economics, and reproduction.", "Feminist science fiction __knowledge__ Feminist SF is political because of its tendency to critique the dominant culture.", "Feminist science fiction __knowledge__ Some of the most notable feminist science fiction works have illustrated these themes using utopias to explore a society in which gender differences or gender power imbalances do not exist, or dystopias to explore worlds in which gender inequalities are intensified, thus asserting a need for feminist work to continue.", "Feminist science fiction __knowledge__ Feminist science fiction (SF) distinguishes between \"female\" SF authors and \"feminist\" SF authors.", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ Science fiction and fantasy magazines began to be published in the US in the 1920s.", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ Stories with science fiction themes had been appearing for decades in pulp magazines such as \"Argosy\", but there were no magazines that specialized in a single genre until 1915, when Street & Smith, one of the major pulp publishers, brought out \"Detective Story Magazine\".", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ The first magazine to focus solely on fantasy and horror was \"Weird Tales\", which was launched in 1923, and established itself as the leading weird fiction magazine over the next two decades; writers such as H.P.", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ Lovecraft, Clark Ashton Smith and Robert E. Howard became regular contributors.", "Michael Bishop (author) __knowledge__ Michael Lawson Bishop (born November 12, 1945) is an American writer.", "Michael Bishop (author) __knowledge__ Over four decades and in more than thirty books, he has created what has been called a \"body of work that stands among the most admired and influential in modern science fiction and fantasy literature.\"", "Michael Bishop (author) __knowledge__ Bishop was born in Lincoln, Nebraska, the son of Leotis (\"Lee\") Bishop (born 1920 in Frys Mill, Poinsett County, Arkansas) and Maxine (\"Mac\") Elaine Matison (born 1920 in Ashland, Nebraska).", "Michael Bishop (author) __knowledge__ His parents met in the summer of 1942 when his father, a recent enlistee of the Air Force, was stationed in Lincoln.", "Michael Bishop (author) __knowledge__ Bishop's childhood was the peripatetic life of a military brat.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Parallel universes in fiction __knowledge__ A parallel universe is a hypothetical self-contained reality co-existing with one's own.", "Parallel universes in fiction __knowledge__ A specific group of parallel universes are called a \"multiverse\", although this term can also be used to describe the possible parallel universes that constitute reality.", "Parallel universes in fiction __knowledge__ While the terms \"parallel universe\" and \"alternative reality\" are generally synonymous and can be used interchangeably in most cases, there is sometimes an additional connotation implied with the term \"alternative reality\" that implies that the reality is a variant of our own.", "Parallel universes in fiction __knowledge__ The term \"parallel universe\" is more general, without any connotations implying a relationship, or lack of relationship, with our own universe.", "Isaac Asimov __knowledge__ Isaac Asimov (; born Isaak Ozimov; January 2, 1920 – April 6, 1992) was an American writer and professor of biochemistry at Boston University.", "Isaac Asimov __knowledge__ He was known for his works of science fiction and popular science.", "Isaac Asimov __knowledge__ Asimov was a prolific writer, and wrote or edited more than 500 books and an estimated 90,000 letters and postcards.", "Isaac Asimov __knowledge__ His books have been published in 9 of the 10 major categories of the Dewey Decimal Classification.", "Isaac Asimov __knowledge__ Asimov wrote hard science fiction and, along with Robert A. Heinlein and Arthur C. Clarke, he was considered one of the \"Big Three\" science fiction writers during his lifetime.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The Spirit of the Age (full title \"The Spirit of the Age: Or, Contemporary Portraits\") is a collection of character sketches by the early 19th century English essayist, literary critic, and social commentator William Hazlitt, portraying 25 men, mostly British, whom he believed to represent significant trends in the thought, literature, and politics of his time.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The subjects include thinkers, social reformers, politicians, poets, essayists, and novelists, many of whom Hazlitt was personally acquainted with or had encountered.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ Originally appearing in English periodicals, mostly \"The New Monthly Magazine\" in 1824, the essays were collected with several others written for the purpose and published in book form in 1825.", "When You Reach Me __knowledge__ When You Reach Me is a Newbery Medal-winning science fiction and mystery novel by Rebecca Stead, published in 2009.", "When You Reach Me __knowledge__ It takes place in the Upper West Side in New York during 1978 and 1979 and follows the protagonist, Miranda Sinclair.", "When You Reach Me __knowledge__ She receives a strange note asking her to record future events and write down the location of her spare key.", "When You Reach Me __knowledge__ As the novel progresses, Miranda receives three more notes with requests.", "When You Reach Me __knowledge__ The novel contains three story lines — the appearance of Miranda's mom on the game show, \"The $20,000 Pyramid\", Miranda's best friend Sal suddenly not talking with Miranda, and the appearance of a laughing man." ] ]

[ 1, 20, 59, 11 ]

[ "I also love reading! Reading with comprehension is very important process to learn@", "I also love reading novels. Mostly any type of fiction novel is what I enjoy. I will read just about any genre of book though", "That is a very good question. I know I am right now reading a science fiction book dealing with time travel. It is a book I read as a kid and really enjoyed so I thought I would try it again as an adult. It is called.singularity", "science fiction can be about time travel, futuristic science, technology, space travel, or extraterrestrial life" ]

[ "Reading (process)", "Reading (process)", "Reading (process)", "Reading (process)" ]

[ "Starbucks\nhello, have you heard of starbucks?", "wow, i dint know that. what is your favorite drink?", "i will try it next time i go. is there any starbucks near you?", "thats a lot of stores, shows that starbucks is a really strong global brand" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks Corporation is an American coffee company and coffeehouse chain.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks was founded in Seattle, Washington in 1971.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ As of November 2016, it operates 23,768 locations worldwide.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks is considered the main representative of \"second wave coffee\", initially distinguishing itself from other coffee-serving venues in the US by taste, quality, and customer experience while popularizing darkly roasted coffee.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Since the 2000s, third wave coffee makers have targeted quality-minded coffee drinkers with hand-made coffee based on lighter roasts, while Starbucks nowadays uses automated espresso machines for efficiency and safety reasons.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks locations serve hot and cold drinks, whole-bean coffee, microground instant coffee known as VIA, espresso, caffe latte, full- and loose-leaf teas including Teavana tea products, Evolution Fresh juices, Frappuccino beverages, La Boulange pastries, and snacks including items such as chips and crackers; some offerings (including their annual fall launch of the Pumpkin Spice Latte) are seasonal or specific to the locality of the store.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Many stores sell pre-packaged food items, hot and cold sandwiches, and drinkware including mugs and tumblers; select \"Starbucks Evenings\" locations offer beer, wine, and appetizers.", "Starbucks Workers Union __knowledge__ The Starbucks Workers Union is a union formed by the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) to organize retail employees of Starbucks.", "Starbucks Workers Union __knowledge__ The union has members at Starbucks locations in New York City; Chicago; Grand Rapids, Michigan; Cincinnati; Quebec City; Bloomington, Minnesota, and Omaha, Nebraska.", "Starbucks Workers Union __knowledge__ On May 17, 2004, Starbucks's workers at the 36th and Madison store in midtown Manhattan organized the first Starbucks barista union in the United States.", "Starbucks Workers Union __knowledge__ The union drive had its origins in barista's complaints that a starting wage of $7.75 an hour was not a living wage in New York City and that Starbucks refused to guarantee regularity of hours per week.", "Dumb Starbucks __knowledge__ \"Dumb Starbucks\" is the fifth episode of the second season of the American television docu-reality comedy series \"Nathan for You\", and the thirteenth overall episode of the series.", "Dumb Starbucks __knowledge__ Written by series co-creators Nathan Fielder and Michael Koman, as well as Dan Mintz, it aired on Comedy Central in the United States on July 29, 2014.", "Dumb Starbucks __knowledge__ In the series, Fielder plays an off-kilter version of himself, who tries to use his business background and life experiences to help struggling companies and people, offering them strategies that no traditional business consultant would dare to attempt.", "Dumb Starbucks __knowledge__ In the episode, Fielder attempts to help a struggling coffee shop by renaming it \"Dumb Starbucks\", a parody of the American coffee company and coffeehouse chain.", "Starbucks collectibles __knowledge__ Starbucks Collectibles are products manufactured by Starbucks Corporation and include Starbucks' cards, Starbucks' mugs, Starbucks' posters, and almost anything and everything manufactured or printed by Starbucks Corporation.", "Starbucks collectibles __knowledge__ The Starbucks Collectibles secondary market has existed since the inception of Starbucks and the Starbucks card collectible trading market has existed since the first Starbucks card was manufactured in 2001.", "Starbucks collectibles __knowledge__ In the month of May 2013, there were between 26,000 and 37,000 Starbucks' item auctions on eBay every day.", "Starbucks collectibles __knowledge__ In the summer of 2013, auctions for Starbucks rose to over 40,000 auctions daily.", "Tata Starbucks __knowledge__ TATA Starbucks Private Limited, formerly known as Tata Starbucks Limited, is a 50:50 joint venture company, owned by Tata Global Beverages and Starbucks Corporation, that owns and operates Starbucks outlets in India.", "Tata Starbucks __knowledge__ The outlets are branded \"Starbucks \"A Tata Alliance\"\".", "Tata Starbucks __knowledge__ In January 2011, Starbucks Corporation and Tata Coffee announced plans to begin opening Starbucks locations in India.", "Tata Starbucks __knowledge__ Despite a false start in 2007, in January 2012 Starbucks finally announced a 50:50 joint venture with Tata Global Beverages, called Tata Starbucks Ltd., which would own and operate outlets branded \"Starbucks, A Tata Alliance\".", "Starbucks Israel __knowledge__ Starbucks Israel () was a coffee chain in Israel, opening in 2001, with six locations in Tel Aviv before closing in 2003.", "Starbucks Israel __knowledge__ \"Starbucks Coffee International\", a subsidiary of Starbucks Coffee Company, partnered with \"Delek Group of Israel\" to form the Israeli subsidiary of Starbucks, under the joint venture known is \"Shalom Coffee Company\".", "Starbucks Israel __knowledge__ The joint venture, formed in 2001, was owned 19.5% by Starbucks and 80.5% by Delek, with Starbucks holding the option to increase their share to 50%.", "Starbucks Israel __knowledge__ Delek paid $250,000 for the franchise rights, plus owed 6% of sales to Starbucks.", "Starbucks Israel __knowledge__ Plans were for September 1, 2001 to have the first location open in Tel Aviv’s Rabin Square.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ Shortly after her creation in 1974, the Hello Kitty vinyl coin purse was introduced by Sanrio in March 1975.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ The character was then brought to the United States in 1976.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ The character is a staple of the \"kawaii\" segment of Japanese popular culture.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ By 2010, Sanrio had groomed Hello Kitty into a global marketing phenomenon worth $5 billion a year.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ By 2014, when Hello Kitty was 40 years old, she was worth about $7 billion a year, all without advertising except on Sanrio's, related show producers', and ticket sales' webpages and at show venues and nearby locations.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ Originally aimed at preadolescent females, Hello Kitty's market has broadened to include adult consumers, being found on a variety of products ranging from school supplies to fashion accessories." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks Corporation is an American coffee company and coffeehouse chain.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks was founded in Seattle, Washington in 1971.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ As of November 2016, it operates 23,768 locations worldwide.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks is considered the main representative of \"second wave coffee\", initially distinguishing itself from other coffee-serving venues in the US by taste, quality, and customer experience while popularizing darkly roasted coffee.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Since the 2000s, third wave coffee makers have targeted quality-minded coffee drinkers with hand-made coffee based on lighter roasts, while Starbucks nowadays uses automated espresso machines for efficiency and safety reasons.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks locations serve hot and cold drinks, whole-bean coffee, microground instant coffee known as VIA, espresso, caffe latte, full- and loose-leaf teas including Teavana tea products, Evolution Fresh juices, Frappuccino beverages, La Boulange pastries, and snacks including items such as chips and crackers; some offerings (including their annual fall launch of the Pumpkin Spice Latte) are seasonal or specific to the locality of the store.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Many stores sell pre-packaged food items, hot and cold sandwiches, and drinkware including mugs and tumblers; select \"Starbucks Evenings\" locations offer beer, wine, and appetizers.", "The Amazing Joy Buzzards __knowledge__ The Amazing Joy Buzzards is a comic book series created by Mark Andrew Smith and Dan Hipp.", "The Amazing Joy Buzzards __knowledge__ \"The Amazing Joy Buzzards\" was first published in January 2005 by Image Comics.", "The Amazing Joy Buzzards __knowledge__ The Amazing Joy Buzzards ran as two limited series.", "The Amazing Joy Buzzards __knowledge__ The issues from both series were collected in two trade paperback volumes.", "The Amazing Joy Buzzards __knowledge__ June 2008 saw a \"Director's Edition\" reprint of the first two series of Amazing Joy Buzzards in a digest size trade paperback.", "The Amazing Joy Buzzards __knowledge__ The \"Director's Edition\" was translated in September 2009 into Italian by Renior Comics.", "The Amazing Joy Buzzards __knowledge__ The second volume to follow the Director's edition titled \"Monster Love\" was expected in 2008 but to date has not been released.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Gibson (cocktail) __knowledge__ The Gibson is a mixed drink made with gin and dry vermouth, and often garnished with a pickled onion.", "Gibson (cocktail) __knowledge__ The oldest published recipe for the Gibson is found in the 1908 book, \"The World's Drinks And How To Mix Them\" by William Boothby.", "Gibson (cocktail) __knowledge__ Other pre-prohibition recipes for the Gibson exist.", "Gibson (cocktail) __knowledge__ They all omit bitters and none of them garnish with an onion.", "Gibson (cocktail) __knowledge__ Some garnish with citrus twists.", "Gibson (cocktail) __knowledge__ Others use no garniture at all.", "Gibson (cocktail) __knowledge__ There is no known recipe for the Gibson garnishes with an onion before William Boothby's 1908 Gibson Recipe.", "Gibson (cocktail) __knowledge__ Some sources persist in using other garnishment than the onion into the 1930s and beyond, but still none use bitters.", "William Colbeck (gangster) __knowledge__ William \"Dint\" Colbeck (November 17, 1890 – February 17, 1943) was a St. Louis politician and organized crime figure involved in bootlegging and illegal gambling.", "William Colbeck (gangster) __knowledge__ He succeeded William Egan as head of the Egan's Rats bootlegging gang in the early 1920s.", "William Colbeck (gangster) __knowledge__ Born in North St. Louis to Irish-American parents, Colbeck joined Egan's Rats in his late teens.", "William Colbeck (gangster) __knowledge__ In between his gangster jobs, Colbeck trained to work as a plumber.", "William Colbeck (gangster) __knowledge__ His work in this field resulted in his nickname of \"Dinty\" or \"Dint\", as he was most usually called by associates.", "William Colbeck (gangster) __knowledge__ After the outbreak of World War I, Colbeck joined the U.S. Army in April 1918 and fought as an infantryman with the 89th Infantry Division in France.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters from the \"Forgotten Realms\" campaign setting for the \"Dungeons & Dragons\" fantasy role-playing game.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Most of these characters have appeared in the multiple series of novels set in the \"Forgotten Realms\".", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Many have some magical abilities.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Aballister Bonaduce is the nemesis of his son Cadderly Bonaduce, the main character of R.A. Salvatore's The Cleric Quintet.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Calculating, cold, and merciless, Aballister is determined to complete his conquest of the region.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Guided by the goddess Talona, Mistress of Poison, Aballister creates The Chaos Curse and unleashes it upon The Edificant Library, home of Cadderly and his friends.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "YES Network __knowledge__ The Yankees Entertainment and Sports Network (YES) is an American cable and satellite television regional sports network that is owned by 21st Century Fox (which owns a controlling 80% interest and serves as managing partner) and Yankee Global Enterprises (which owns the remaining 20%).", "YES Network __knowledge__ Primarily serving New York City, New York and the surrounding metropolitan area, it broadcasts a variety of sports events, as well as magazine, documentary and discussion programs; however, its main emphasis is focused on games and team-related programs involving the New York Yankees of Major League Baseball (owned by minority partner Yankee Global), the NBA's Brooklyn Nets and New York City FC of Major League Soccer.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ The Yes Men are a culture jamming activist duo and network of supporters created by Jacques Servin and Igor Vamos.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ Through actions of tactical media, the Yes Men primarily aim to raise awareness about problematic social and political issues.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ To date, the duo have produced three films: \"The Yes Men\" (2003), \"The Yes Men Fix the World\" (2009) and \"The Yes Men Are Revolting\" (2014).", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ In these films, they impersonate entities that they dislike, a practice that they call \"identity correction\".", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ The Yes Men operate under the mission statement that lies can expose truth.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ They create and maintain fake websites similar to ones they intend to spoof, which have led to numerous interview, conference, and TV talk show invitations.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ Richard Christopher \"Rick\" Wakeman (born 18 May 1949) is an English keyboardist, songwriter, television and radio presenter, and author.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ He is best known for being in the progressive rock band Yes across five tenures between 1971 and 2004 and for his solo albums released in the 1970s.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ He is a current member of Yes Featuring Jon Anderson, Trevor Rabin and Rick Wakeman.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ Born and raised in West London, Wakeman intended to be a concert pianist but quit his studies at the Royal College of Music in 1969 to become a full-time session musician.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ His early sessions included playing on \"Space Oddity\", among others, for David Bowie and songs by Junior's Eyes, T. Rex, Elton John, and Cat Stevens.", "Seattle __knowledge__ Seattle () is a seaport city on the west coast of the United States.", "Seattle __knowledge__ It is the seat of King County, Washington.", "Seattle __knowledge__ With an estimated 713,700 residents , Seattle is the largest city in both the state of Washington and the Pacific Northwest region of North America.", "Seattle __knowledge__ In July 2013, it was the fastest-growing major city in the United States and remained in the Top 5 in May 2015 with an annual growth rate of 2.1%.", "Seattle __knowledge__ In July 2016, Seattle was again the fastest-growing major U.S. city, with a 3.1% annual growth rate.", "Seattle __knowledge__ The city is situated on an isthmus between Puget Sound (an inlet of the Pacific Ocean) and Lake Washington, about south of the Canada–United States border.", "Architecture of Seattle __knowledge__ The architecture of Seattle, largest city of the US Pacific Northwest, includes aspects that predate the mid-nineteenth century arrival of the area's first settlers of European ancestry, and has reflected and influenced numerous architectural styles over time.", "Architecture of Seattle __knowledge__ As of 2015, a major construction boom continues to reconfigure Seattle's Downtown, as well as neighborhoods such as Capitol Hill, Ballard and, perhaps most dramatically, South Lake Union.", "Architecture of Seattle __knowledge__ Prior to the arrival of European settlers in the Puget Sound area, the largest building in the Salish Sea region was Old Man House, a longhouse roughly northwest of Downtown Seattle near the present-day town of Suquamish.", "History of Seattle __knowledge__ This is the main article of a series that covers the history of Seattle, Washington, a city in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States of America.", "History of Seattle __knowledge__ Seattle is a major port city that has a history of boom and bust.", "History of Seattle __knowledge__ Seattle has on several occasions been sent into severe decline, but has typically used those periods to successfully rebuild infrastructure.", "History of Seattle __knowledge__ There have been at least five such cycles: What is now Seattle has been inhabited since the end of the last glacial period (c. 8,000 B.C.—10,000 years ago), for at least 4,000 years.", "History of Seattle __knowledge__ In the mid-1850s the Coast Salish peoples of what is now called the Duwamish Tribe and Suquamish, as well as other associated groups and tribes, were living in some 13 villages within the present-day city limits of Seattle." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks Corporation is an American coffee company and coffeehouse chain.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks was founded in Seattle, Washington in 1971.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ As of November 2016, it operates 23,768 locations worldwide.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks is considered the main representative of \"second wave coffee\", initially distinguishing itself from other coffee-serving venues in the US by taste, quality, and customer experience while popularizing darkly roasted coffee.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Since the 2000s, third wave coffee makers have targeted quality-minded coffee drinkers with hand-made coffee based on lighter roasts, while Starbucks nowadays uses automated espresso machines for efficiency and safety reasons.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks locations serve hot and cold drinks, whole-bean coffee, microground instant coffee known as VIA, espresso, caffe latte, full- and loose-leaf teas including Teavana tea products, Evolution Fresh juices, Frappuccino beverages, La Boulange pastries, and snacks including items such as chips and crackers; some offerings (including their annual fall launch of the Pumpkin Spice Latte) are seasonal or specific to the locality of the store.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Many stores sell pre-packaged food items, hot and cold sandwiches, and drinkware including mugs and tumblers; select \"Starbucks Evenings\" locations offer beer, wine, and appetizers.", "Shin Kani Station __knowledge__ Shin Kani Station is served by the Meitetsu Hiromi Line, and is located 14.9 kilometers from the starting point of the line at .", "Shin Kani Station __knowledge__ It is located close to Kani Station operated by JR Central on the Taita Line for and .", "Shin Kani Station __knowledge__ The station has a bay platform with two bays, serving three tracks.", "Shin Kani Station __knowledge__ Platform 1 serves trains bound for Mitake.", "Shin Kani Station __knowledge__ Although the line from Shin Kani to Mitake is a continuation of the same Hiromi Line from Inuyama, the lines are physically disconnected at Shin Kani Station and passengers wishing to go beyond Shin Kani must transfer at this station.", "Shin Kani Station __knowledge__ There is a second wicket within the station for such passengers.", "Starbucks Workers Union __knowledge__ The Starbucks Workers Union is a union formed by the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) to organize retail employees of Starbucks.", "Starbucks Workers Union __knowledge__ The union has members at Starbucks locations in New York City; Chicago; Grand Rapids, Michigan; Cincinnati; Quebec City; Bloomington, Minnesota, and Omaha, Nebraska.", "Starbucks Workers Union __knowledge__ On May 17, 2004, Starbucks's workers at the 36th and Madison store in midtown Manhattan organized the first Starbucks barista union in the United States.", "Starbucks Workers Union __knowledge__ The union drive had its origins in barista's complaints that a starting wage of $7.75 an hour was not a living wage in New York City and that Starbucks refused to guarantee regularity of hours per week.", "Dumb Starbucks __knowledge__ \"Dumb Starbucks\" is the fifth episode of the second season of the American television docu-reality comedy series \"Nathan for You\", and the thirteenth overall episode of the series.", "Dumb Starbucks __knowledge__ Written by series co-creators Nathan Fielder and Michael Koman, as well as Dan Mintz, it aired on Comedy Central in the United States on July 29, 2014.", "Dumb Starbucks __knowledge__ In the series, Fielder plays an off-kilter version of himself, who tries to use his business background and life experiences to help struggling companies and people, offering them strategies that no traditional business consultant would dare to attempt.", "Dumb Starbucks __knowledge__ In the episode, Fielder attempts to help a struggling coffee shop by renaming it \"Dumb Starbucks\", a parody of the American coffee company and coffeehouse chain.", "Starbucks collectibles __knowledge__ Starbucks Collectibles are products manufactured by Starbucks Corporation and include Starbucks' cards, Starbucks' mugs, Starbucks' posters, and almost anything and everything manufactured or printed by Starbucks Corporation.", "Starbucks collectibles __knowledge__ The Starbucks Collectibles secondary market has existed since the inception of Starbucks and the Starbucks card collectible trading market has existed since the first Starbucks card was manufactured in 2001.", "Starbucks collectibles __knowledge__ In the month of May 2013, there were between 26,000 and 37,000 Starbucks' item auctions on eBay every day.", "Starbucks collectibles __knowledge__ In the summer of 2013, auctions for Starbucks rose to over 40,000 auctions daily.", "Tata Starbucks __knowledge__ TATA Starbucks Private Limited, formerly known as Tata Starbucks Limited, is a 50:50 joint venture company, owned by Tata Global Beverages and Starbucks Corporation, that owns and operates Starbucks outlets in India.", "Tata Starbucks __knowledge__ The outlets are branded \"Starbucks \"A Tata Alliance\"\".", "Tata Starbucks __knowledge__ In January 2011, Starbucks Corporation and Tata Coffee announced plans to begin opening Starbucks locations in India.", "Tata Starbucks __knowledge__ Despite a false start in 2007, in January 2012 Starbucks finally announced a 50:50 joint venture with Tata Global Beverages, called Tata Starbucks Ltd., which would own and operate outlets branded \"Starbucks, A Tata Alliance\".", "Sven Erlandson __knowledge__ Sven Erlandson M.Div., B.A.", "Sven Erlandson __knowledge__ (b.", "Sven Erlandson __knowledge__ 1967) is a spiritual counselor and Wall Street performance coach, TV personality and author of five books on spirituality and culture in modern life.", "Sven Erlandson __knowledge__ He is credited with coining the phrase \"Spiritual but not religious\" and was the first theologian/author to name and delineate the concept and movement in his 2000 book by the same name.", "Sven Erlandson __knowledge__ A trained Lutheran pastor, emergency room chaplain and spiritual counselor, as well as former SERE-trained military and NCAA Head Coach for Strength and Conditioning, his books focus on the intersection of spirituality and the challenges of modern life, including politics, athletics, education, parenting, and relationships.", "Instant coffee __knowledge__ Instant coffee, also called soluble coffee, coffee crystals, and coffee powder, is a beverage derived from brewed coffee beans that enables people to quickly prepare hot coffee by adding hot water to the powder or crystals and stirring.", "Instant coffee __knowledge__ Instant coffee is commercially prepared by either freeze-drying or spray drying, after which it can be rehydrated.", "Instant coffee __knowledge__ Instant coffee in a concentrated liquid form is also manufactured.", "Instant coffee __knowledge__ Advantages of instant coffee include speed of preparation (instant coffee dissolves quickly in hot water), lower shipping weight and volume than beans or ground coffee (to prepare the same amount of beverage), and long shelf life—though instant coffee can spoil if not kept dry.", "Field ration __knowledge__ A field ration, combat ration or ration pack is a canned or pre-packaged meal, easily prepared and eaten, transported by military troops on the battlefield.", "Field ration __knowledge__ They are distinguished from regular military rations by virtue of being designed for minimal preparation in the field, using canned, pre-cooked or freeze-dried foods, powdered beverage mixes and concentrated food bars, as well as for long shelf life.", "Field ration __knowledge__ Such meals also prove invaluable for disaster relief operations, where large stocks of these can be ferried and distributed easily, and provide basic nutritional support to victims before kitchens can be set up to produce fresh food.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee is a brewed drink prepared from roasted coffee beans, which are the seeds of berries from the \"Coffea\" plant.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The genus \"Coffea\" is native to tropical Africa (specifically having its origin in Ethiopia and Sudan) and Madagascar, the Comoros, Mauritius, and Réunion in the Indian Ocean.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The plant was exported from Africa to countries around the world.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee plants are now cultivated in over 70 countries, primarily in the equatorial regions of the Americas, Southeast Asia, India, and Africa.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The two most commonly grown are the highly regarded arabica, and the less sophisticated but stronger and hardier robusta.", "Instant Coffee (artist collective) __knowledge__ Instant Coffee is a Canadian artist collective based in Vancouver and Toronto.", "Instant Coffee (artist collective) __knowledge__ Formed in 2000, the collective’s membership has undergone a number of changes.", "Instant Coffee (artist collective) __knowledge__ Instant Coffee’s most active members have included Cecilia Berkovic, Jinhan Ko, Kelly Lycan, Jenifer Papararo, and Khan Lee.", "Instant Coffee (artist collective) __knowledge__ Instant Coffee uses the format of the art exhibition as a framework for its practice.", "Instant Coffee (artist collective) __knowledge__ Precedents include the 1960s art events known as Happenings, “a performance, event or situation meant to be considered art.” As with the Happening, Instant Coffee stages events that “bring artists, writers and musicians together in combinations rarely encountered elsewhere.” However, Instant Coffee updates this idea by designating their activities as “service-oriented.” The use of corporate-style language is deliberate and is an aspect of the collective’s creation of a strong brand identity.", "George Washington (inventor) __knowledge__ George Constant Louis Washington (May 20, 1871 – March 29, 1946) was a Belgium-born American inventor and businessman He is best remembered for his invention of an early instant coffee process and for the company he founded to mass-produce it, the \"G. Washington Coffee Company\".", "George Washington (inventor) __knowledge__ An emigrant from his native Belgium, he arrived in the New York area in 1897 and dabbled in several technical fields before hitting upon instant coffee manufacture during a sojourn in Central America in 1906 or 1907.", "George Washington (inventor) __knowledge__ He began selling his coffee in 1909 and founded a company to manufacture it in 1910.", "George Washington (inventor) __knowledge__ Based in New York and New Jersey, his company prospered and became an important military supplier during World War I.", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ Coffee drinks are made by brewing hot water (or much less commonly, cold water) with ground coffee beans.", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ The brewing is either done slowly by drip or filter, French press or \"cafetière\", percolator, etc., or done very quickly under pressure by an espresso machine, where the coffee is termed \"espresso\"—slow-brewed coffees are generally regarded simply as \"coffee\".", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ All coffee drinks are based on either coffee or espresso, in different strengths; some drinks have milk or cream added, some use steamed milk, cream, plant based milk, or foamed milk, some have flavorings or sweeteners, some have alcoholic liqueurs added, some are combinations of coffee with espresso or tea." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks Corporation is an American coffee company and coffeehouse chain.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks was founded in Seattle, Washington in 1971.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ As of November 2016, it operates 23,768 locations worldwide.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks is considered the main representative of \"second wave coffee\", initially distinguishing itself from other coffee-serving venues in the US by taste, quality, and customer experience while popularizing darkly roasted coffee.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Since the 2000s, third wave coffee makers have targeted quality-minded coffee drinkers with hand-made coffee based on lighter roasts, while Starbucks nowadays uses automated espresso machines for efficiency and safety reasons.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks locations serve hot and cold drinks, whole-bean coffee, microground instant coffee known as VIA, espresso, caffe latte, full- and loose-leaf teas including Teavana tea products, Evolution Fresh juices, Frappuccino beverages, La Boulange pastries, and snacks including items such as chips and crackers; some offerings (including their annual fall launch of the Pumpkin Spice Latte) are seasonal or specific to the locality of the store.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Many stores sell pre-packaged food items, hot and cold sandwiches, and drinkware including mugs and tumblers; select \"Starbucks Evenings\" locations offer beer, wine, and appetizers.", "The Devil Wears Prada (film) __knowledge__ The Devil Wears Prada is a 2006 American comedy-drama film based on Lauren Weisberger's 2003 novel of the same name.", "The Devil Wears Prada (film) __knowledge__ This screen adaptation stars Meryl Streep as Miranda Priestly, a powerful fashion magazine editor, and Anne Hathaway as Andrea (Andy) Sachs, a college graduate who goes to New York City and lands a job as Priestly's co-assistant.", "The Devil Wears Prada (film) __knowledge__ Emily Blunt and Stanley Tucci co-star as co-assistant Emily Charlton and art director Nigel, respectively.", "The Devil Wears Prada (film) __knowledge__ Adrian Grenier, Simon Baker, and Tracie Thoms play key supporting roles.", "The Devil Wears Prada (film) __knowledge__ Wendy Finerman produced and David Frankel directed the film, which was distributed by 20th Century Fox.", "Starbucks Workers Union __knowledge__ The Starbucks Workers Union is a union formed by the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) to organize retail employees of Starbucks.", "Starbucks Workers Union __knowledge__ The union has members at Starbucks locations in New York City; Chicago; Grand Rapids, Michigan; Cincinnati; Quebec City; Bloomington, Minnesota, and Omaha, Nebraska.", "Starbucks Workers Union __knowledge__ On May 17, 2004, Starbucks's workers at the 36th and Madison store in midtown Manhattan organized the first Starbucks barista union in the United States.", "Starbucks Workers Union __knowledge__ The union drive had its origins in barista's complaints that a starting wage of $7.75 an hour was not a living wage in New York City and that Starbucks refused to guarantee regularity of hours per week.", "Brand __knowledge__ A brand is a name, term, design, symbol, or other feature that distinguishes an organization or product from its rivals in the eyes of the customer.", "Brand __knowledge__ Brands are used in business, marketing, and advertising.", "Brand __knowledge__ Name brands are sometimes distinguished from generic or store brands.", "Brand __knowledge__ The practice of branding is thought to have begun with the ancient Egyptians who were known to have engaged in livestock branding as early as 2,700 BC.", "Brand __knowledge__ Branding was used to differentiate one person’s cattle from another's by means of a distinctive symbol burned into the animal’s skin with a hot branding iron.", "Brand __knowledge__ If a person would steal the animals, anyone could detect the symbol and deduce the actual owner.", "Kroger __knowledge__ The Kroger Company, or simply Kroger, is an American retailing company founded by Bernard Kroger in 1883 in Cincinnati, Ohio.", "Kroger __knowledge__ It is the United States's largest supermarket chain by revenue ($115.34 billion for fiscal year 2016), the second-largest general retailer (behind Walmart) and the twenty-third largest company in the United States.", "Kroger __knowledge__ Kroger is also the third-largest retailer in the world and the third largest private employer in the United States.", "Kroger __knowledge__ , Kroger operates, either directly or through its subsidiaries, 2,778 supermarkets and multi-department stores.", "Kroger __knowledge__ Kroger's headquarters are in downtown Cincinnati.", "Global marketing __knowledge__ Global marketing is “marketing on a worldwide scale reconciling or taking commercial advantage of global operational differences, similarities and opportunities in order to meet global objectives\".", "Global marketing __knowledge__ Global marketing is also a field of study in general business management to provide valuable products, solutions and services to customers locally, nationally, internationally and worldwide.", "Global marketing __knowledge__ International marketing is the export, franchising, joint venture or full direct entry of an organization's product or services into another country.", "Global marketing __knowledge__ This can be achieved by exporting a company's product into another location, entry through a joint venture with another firm in the target country, or foreign direct investment into the target country.", "Visual brand language __knowledge__ Visual brand language is the unique \"alphabet\" of design elements – such as shape, color, materials, finish, typography and composition – which directly and subliminally communicate a company's values and personality through compelling imagery and design style.", "Visual brand language __knowledge__ This \"alphabet\", properly designed, results in an emotional connection between the brand and the consumer.", "Visual brand language __knowledge__ Visual brand language is a key ingredient necessary to make an authentic and convincing brand strategy that can be applied uniquely and creatively in all forms of brand communications to both employees and customers.", "Visual brand language __knowledge__ Successful Visual Brand Language creates a memorable experience for the consumer, encouraging repeat business and boosting the company's economic health.", "Burger King franchises __knowledge__ The majority of the locations of international fast-food restaurant chain Burger King are privately owned franchises.", "Burger King franchises __knowledge__ While the majority of franchisees are smaller operations, several have grown into major corporations in their own right.", "Burger King franchises __knowledge__ At the end of the company's fiscal year in 2015, Burger King reported it had more than 15,000 outlets in 84 countries; of these, approximately 50% are in the United States and 99.9% are privately owned and operated.", "Burger King franchises __knowledge__ The company locations employ more than 37,000 people who serve approximately 11.4 million customers daily.", "Burger King franchises __knowledge__ Since its predecessor's inception in 1953, Burger King has used several variations of franchising to expand its operations.", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (October–December 2017) __knowledge__ This is a timeline of the War in Donbass, from 1 October 2017.", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (October–December 2017) __knowledge__ The timeline follows an ongoing conflict between Ukraine and anti-government pro-Russian separatists supported by Russian troops in the Donbass region in eastern Ukraine.", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (October–December 2017) __knowledge__ According to the information provided by the spokesman of the Ukrainian operational headquarters in the morning, pro-Russian troops had opened fire on 20 occasions on Ukrainian positions on the last day of September (including on 10 occasions in the outskirts of Donetsk city, on 9 occasions in the region of Mariupol, and on 1 occasion in Luhansk region); the fire was returned on 12 occasions.", "Global surveillance disclosures (2013–present) __knowledge__ Ongoing news reports in the international media have revealed operational details about the United States National Security Agency (NSA) and its international partners' global surveillance of foreign nationals and U.S. citizens.", "Global surveillance disclosures (2013–present) __knowledge__ The reports mostly emanate from a cache of top secret documents leaked by ex-NSA contractor Edward Snowden, which he obtained whilst working for Booz Allen Hamilton, one of the largest contractors for defense and intelligence in the United States.", "Global surveillance disclosures (2013–present) __knowledge__ In addition to a trove of U.S. federal documents, Snowden's cache reportedly contains thousands of Australian, British and Canadian intelligence files that he had accessed via the exclusive \"Five Eyes\" network.", "Timeline of global surveillance disclosures (2013–present) __knowledge__ This timeline of global surveillance disclosures from 2013 to the present day is a chronological list of the global surveillance disclosures that began in 2013.", "Timeline of global surveillance disclosures (2013–present) __knowledge__ The disclosures have been largely instigated by revelations from the former American National Security Agency contractor Edward Snowden.", "Timeline of global surveillance disclosures (2013–present) __knowledge__ In April 2012, Defense contractor Edward Snowden began downloading sensitive Western intelligence material while working for the American computer corporation Dell.", "Timeline of global surveillance disclosures (2013–present) __knowledge__ By the end of the year, Snowden had made his first contact with journalist Glenn Greenwald of \"The Guardian\".", "Timeline of global surveillance disclosures (2013–present) __knowledge__ In January 2013, Snowden contacted documentary filmmaker Laura Poitras.", "Walmart __knowledge__ Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., doing business as Walmart, is an American multinational retail corporation that operates a chain of hypermarkets, discount department stores, and grocery stores.", "Walmart __knowledge__ Headquartered in Bentonville, Arkansas, the company was founded by Sam Walton in 1962 and incorporated on October 31, 1969.", "Walmart __knowledge__ It also owns and operates Sam's Club retail warehouses.", "Walmart __knowledge__ Walmart has 11,703 stores and clubs in 28countries, operating under 59 differentnames.", "Walmart __knowledge__ The company operates under the name Walmart in the United States and Canada, as Walmart de México y Centroamérica in Mexico and Central America, as Asda in the United Kingdom, as the Seiyu Group in Japan, and as Best Price in India.", "Graphics display resolution __knowledge__ The graphics display resolution is the width and height dimension of an electronic visual display device, such as a computer monitor, in pixels.", "Graphics display resolution __knowledge__ Certain combinations of width and height are standardized and typically given a name and an initialism that is descriptive of its dimensions.", "Graphics display resolution __knowledge__ A higher display resolution in a display of the same size means that displayed photo or video content appears sharper, and pixel art appears smaller.", "Graphics display resolution __knowledge__ The favored aspect ratio of mass market display industry products has changed gradually from 4:3, then to 16:10, and then to 16:9, and now 21:9.", "Graphics display resolution __knowledge__ The 4:3 aspect ratio generally reflects older products, especially the era of the cathode ray tube (CRT)." ] ]

[ 2, 6, 3, 6 ]

[ "Yes, it was founded in my hometown of Seattle in 1971.", "Their instant coffee known as VIA is the best.", "There are numerous locations around me and 23,768 locations globally.", "I agree, they even sell pastries and snacks as well as coffee." ]

[ "Starbucks", "Starbucks", "Starbucks", "Starbucks" ]

[ "Sibling\nDo you have a sibling?", "Hmm ok I guess that makes sense. lol", "Oh I understand. Well it's fine. I have one sister myself.", "Well I don't really think my sister is hot. lol But I do think French sounds romantic!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sibling __knowledge__ A sibling is one of two or more individuals having one or both parents in common.", "Sibling __knowledge__ A full sibling is a first-degree relative.", "Sibling __knowledge__ A male sibling is a brother, and a female sibling is a sister.", "Sibling __knowledge__ In most societies throughout the world, siblings often grow up together, thereby facilitating the development of strong emotional bonds.", "Sibling __knowledge__ The emotional bond between siblings is often complicated and is influenced by factors such as parental treatment, birth order, personality, and personal experiences outside the family.", "Sibling __knowledge__ However, there are cases where siblings grow up in separate homes, in different environments.", "Sibling __knowledge__ It is known that both nature and nurture figure in development; researchers are attempting to ascertain just which one plays the larger role.", "Sibling __knowledge__ Identical twins share 100% of their DNA.", "Sibling __knowledge__ Full siblings are first-degree relatives and, on average, share 50% of their genes out of those that vary among humans.", "Sibling __knowledge__ Half-siblings are second-degree relatives and have, on average, a 25% overlap in their human genetic variation.", "Sibling __knowledge__ \"Full siblings\" (full brothers or full sisters; or brother and sister) have the same biological parents and are 50% related (full siblings share 50% of their genes out of those that vary among humans).", "Sibling relationship __knowledge__ Siblings play a unique role in one another’s lives that simulates the companionship of parents as well as the influence and assistance of friends.", "Sibling relationship __knowledge__ Because siblings often grow up in the same household, they have a large amount of exposure to one another, like other members of the immediate family.", "Sibling relationship __knowledge__ However, though a sibling relationship can have both hierarchical and reciprocal elements, this relationship tends to be more egalitarian and symmetrical than with family members of other generations.", "Sibling relationship __knowledge__ Furthermore, sibling relationships often reflect the overall condition of cohesiveness within a family.", "Incest __knowledge__ Incest is sexual activity between family members or close relatives.", "Incest __knowledge__ This typically includes sexual activity between people in a consanguineous relationship (blood relations), and sometimes those related by affinity, stepfamily, those related by adoption or marriage, or members of the same clan or lineage.", "Incest __knowledge__ The incest taboo is and has been one of the most widespread of all cultural taboos, both in present and in many past societies.", "Incest __knowledge__ Most modern societies have laws regarding incest or social restrictions on closely consanguineous marriages.", "Incest __knowledge__ In societies where it is illegal, consensual adult incest is seen by some as a victimless crime.", "Sibling rivalry __knowledge__ Sibling rivalry is a type of competition or animosity among siblings, whether blood related or not.", "Sibling rivalry __knowledge__ Siblings generally spend more time together during childhood than they do with parents.", "Sibling rivalry __knowledge__ The sibling bond is often complicated and is influenced by factors such as parental treatment, birth order, personality, and people and experiences outside the family.", "Sibling rivalry __knowledge__ Sibling rivalry is particularly intense when children are very close in age and of the same gender and/or where one or both children are intellectually gifted.", "Sibling rivalry __knowledge__ According to observational studies by Judy Dunn, children are sensitive from the age of one year to differences in parental treatment.", "Sibling rivalry (animals) __knowledge__ Animals, including siblings, compete for resources such as food, territory, and potential mating partners.", "Sibling rivalry (animals) __knowledge__ In animal sibling rivalry, individuals compete for parental care or limited resources, which can sometimes result in siblicide.", "Sibling rivalry (animals) __knowledge__ Sibling rivalry occurs in many different forms.", "Sibling rivalry (animals) __knowledge__ Siblings may compete for resources in a prenatal and/or post-birth environment.", "Sibling rivalry (animals) __knowledge__ The degree of rivalry varies, ranging from a low level of violence in non-aggressive to the killing of kin in siblicide.", "Sibling rivalry (animals) __knowledge__ When there are multiple offspring in a single brood, the potential for sibling rivalry arises due to competition for food and parental attention.", "Siblicide __knowledge__ Siblicide (attributed by behavioural ecologist Doug Mock to Barbara M. Braun) is the killing of an infant individual by its close relatives (full or half siblings).", "Siblicide __knowledge__ It may occur directly between siblings or be mediated by the parents.", "Siblicide __knowledge__ The evolutionary drivers may be either indirect benefits for the genetic viability of a population or direct benefits for the perpetrators.", "Siblicide __knowledge__ Siblicide has mainly, but not only, been observed in birds.", "Siblicide __knowledge__ The word is also used as a unifying term for fratricide and sororicide in the human species; unlike these more specific terms, it leaves the sex of the victim unspecified.", "Unpopularity __knowledge__ Unpopularity, the opposite of popularity, is the quality of lacking acceptance or approval by one's peers.", "Unpopularity __knowledge__ The importance of peer relations in an adolescent's normal psychosocial development has been well-researched.", "Unpopularity __knowledge__ The impact of peers is hardly surprising, given that high school students spend the majority of their days with peers rather than with adults, both during and outside of class.", "Unpopularity __knowledge__ More importantly, peer groups provide contexts separate from the home for experimentation.", "Unpopularity __knowledge__ This makes peers particularly crucial in the development of a sense of identity and a capacity for intimacy.", "Unpopularity __knowledge__ But while normal peer relations are an enjoyable alternative to the home, a subset of adolescents experiences this social network as distinctly unpleasant." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sibling __knowledge__ A sibling is one of two or more individuals having one or both parents in common.", "Sibling __knowledge__ A full sibling is a first-degree relative.", "Sibling __knowledge__ A male sibling is a brother, and a female sibling is a sister.", "Sibling __knowledge__ In most societies throughout the world, siblings often grow up together, thereby facilitating the development of strong emotional bonds.", "Sibling __knowledge__ The emotional bond between siblings is often complicated and is influenced by factors such as parental treatment, birth order, personality, and personal experiences outside the family.", "Sibling __knowledge__ However, there are cases where siblings grow up in separate homes, in different environments.", "Sibling __knowledge__ It is known that both nature and nurture figure in development; researchers are attempting to ascertain just which one plays the larger role.", "Sibling __knowledge__ Identical twins share 100% of their DNA.", "Sibling __knowledge__ Full siblings are first-degree relatives and, on average, share 50% of their genes out of those that vary among humans.", "Sibling __knowledge__ Half-siblings are second-degree relatives and have, on average, a 25% overlap in their human genetic variation.", "Sibling __knowledge__ \"Full siblings\" (full brothers or full sisters; or brother and sister) have the same biological parents and are 50% related (full siblings share 50% of their genes out of those that vary among humans).", "Hatch Mott MacDonald __knowledge__ Hatch Mott MacDonald (HMM) is a consulting engineering firm serving public and private clients in North America.", "Hatch Mott MacDonald __knowledge__ HMM’s capabilities include planning, project development, studies and analysis, design, procurement, and construction engineering and inspection.", "Hatch Mott MacDonald __knowledge__ HMM also provides project, program and construction management as well as facility maintenance and operations.", "Hatch Mott MacDonald __knowledge__ Hatch Mott MacDonald was founded in 1996 by its parent companies, Hatch Ltd and Mott MacDonald.", "Hatch Mott MacDonald __knowledge__ HMM was intended to take advantage of engineering opportunities in North America.", "Hatch Mott MacDonald __knowledge__ HMM originally provided the bulk of its services in transportation, including the design of tunnels, rail systems, bridges, highways, and airport infrastructure.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ This Is England '86 is a 2010 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne, a spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\".", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Set three years later, it focuses on the mod revival scene rather than the skinhead subculture, with the gang variously adopting an eclectic mix of clothing styles.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Like the film version previously, Thomas Turgoose stars as Shaun, with central roles played by Joe Gilgun as Woody, now a scooter-riding mod, although girlfriend Lol (Vicky McClure) and her friend Trev stay loyal to their roots and still wear the skinhead garb.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Lol's sister Kelly has gone new wave/punk, while other gang members adopt psychobilly, early chav and mohican influences.", "VMM-265 __knowledge__ Marine Medium Tiltrotor Squadron 265 (VMM-265) is a United States Marine Corps transport squadron consisting of MV-22 Osprey tiltrotor aircraft.", "VMM-265 __knowledge__ The squadron, known as the \"Dragons\", is based at Marine Corps Air Station Futenma, Okinawa, Japan and falls under the command of Marine Aircraft Group 36 (MAG-36) and the 1st Marine Aircraft Wing (1st MAW).", "VMM-265 __knowledge__ Support the Marine Air-Ground Task Force (MAGTF) Commander by providing assault support transport of combat troops, supplies and equipment, day or night under all weather conditions during expeditionary, joint or combined operations.", "VMM-265 __knowledge__ HMM-265 was commissioned on October 1, 1962 at Marine Corps Air Facility Jacksonville, North Carolina.", "VMM-365 __knowledge__ Marine Medium Tiltrotor Squadron 365 (VMM-365) is a United States Marine Corps tiltrotor squadron consisting of MV-22B Osprey transport aircraft.", "VMM-365 __knowledge__ The squadron, known as the \"Blue Knights\", is based at Marine Corps Air Station New River, North Carolina and falls under the command of Marine Aircraft Group 26 (MAG-26) and the 2nd Marine Aircraft Wing (2nd MAW).", "VMM-365 __knowledge__ Provide assault support of combat troops, supplies, and equipment during amphibious operations and subsequent operations ashore.", "VMM-365 __knowledge__ Marine Medium Helicopter Squadron 365 was established on July 1, 1963 at Marine Corps Air Facility Santa Ana, California.", "Hidden Markov model __knowledge__ Hidden Markov Model (HMM) is a statistical Markov model in which the system being modeled is assumed to be a Markov process with unobserved (i.e.", "Hidden Markov model __knowledge__ \"hidden\") states.", "Hidden Markov model __knowledge__ The hidden Markov model can be represented as the simplest dynamic Bayesian network.", "Hidden Markov model __knowledge__ The mathematics behind the HMM were developed by L. E. Baum and coworkers.", "Hidden Markov model __knowledge__ In simpler Markov models (like a Markov chain), the state is directly visible to the observer, and therefore the state transition probabilities are the only parameters, while in the hidden Markov model, the state is not directly visible, but the output, dependent on the state, is visible.", "VMM-165 __knowledge__ Marine Medium Tilt Rotor Squadron 165 (VMM-165) is a United States Marine Corps Tilt-rotor squadron consisting of MV-22B Osprey transport aircraft.", "VMM-165 __knowledge__ The squadron, known as the \"White Knights\", is based at Marine Corps Air Station Miramar, California and fall under the command of Marine Aircraft Group 16 (MAG-16) and the 3rd Marine Aircraft Wing (3rd MAW).", "VMM-165 __knowledge__ Provide assault support transport of combat troops, supplies and equipment during expeditionary, joint or combined operations.", "VMM-165 __knowledge__ Be prepared for short-notice, worldwide employment in support of Marine Air-Ground Task Force operations.", "VMM-165 __knowledge__ Marine Medium Helicopter Squadron 165 was activated on July 1, 1965 at Marine Corps Air Station Santa Ana, California as part of Marine Aircraft Group 36, 3rd Marine Aircraft Wing.", "Australothyris __knowledge__ Australothyris is an extinct genus of basal procolophonomorph parareptile known from the Middle Permian (middle Capitanian stage) of \"Tapinocephalus\" Assemblage Zone, South Africa.", "Australothyris __knowledge__ It was first named by Sean P. Modesto, Diane M. Scott, and Robert R. Reisz in 2009.", "Australothyris __knowledge__ The type and only known species is \"Australothyris smithi\".", "Australothyris __knowledge__ Cladogram after Modesto \"et al.\"", "Australothyris __knowledge__ (2009).", "Untranslatability __knowledge__ Untranslatability is a property of a text, or of any utterance, in one language, for which no equivalent text or utterance can be found in another language when translated.", "Untranslatability __knowledge__ Terms are, however, neither exclusively translatable nor exclusively untranslatable; rather, the degree of difficulty of translation depends on their nature, as well as on the translator's knowledge of the languages in question.", "Untranslatability __knowledge__ Quite often, a text or utterance that is considered to be \"untranslatable\" is actually a \"lacuna\", or lexical gap.", "Untranslatability __knowledge__ That is, there is no one-to-one equivalence between the word, expression or turn of phrase in the source language and another word, expression or turn of phrase in the target language.", "Systems of social stratification __knowledge__ Detailed anthropological and sociological studies have been made about customs of patrilineal inheritance, where only male children can inherit.", "Systems of social stratification __knowledge__ Some cultures also employ matrilineal succession, where property can only pass along the female line, most commonly going to the sister's sons of the decedent; but also, in some societies, from the mother to her daughters.", "Systems of social stratification __knowledge__ Some ancient societies and most modern states employ egalitarian inheritance, without discrimination based on gender and/or birth order.", "Systems of social stratification __knowledge__ The system of patrilineal primogeniture traditionally prevalent among most southern Bantu tribes is explained in detail by Isabel Moodley: \"Due to the polygynous nature of the customary marriage, African customary law distinguishes between \"family rank\" and \"house rank\".", "Attachment theory __knowledge__ Attachment theory is a psychological model that attempts to describe the dynamics of long-term and short-term interpersonal relationships between humans.", "Attachment theory __knowledge__ However, \"attachment theory is not formulated as a general theory of relationships.", "Attachment theory __knowledge__ It addresses only a specific facet\": how human beings respond within relationships when hurt, separated from loved ones, or perceiving a threat.", "Attachment theory __knowledge__ Essentially all infants become attached if provided any caregiver, but there are individual differences in the quality of the relationships.", "Attachment theory __knowledge__ In infants, attachment as a motivational and behavioral system directs the child to seek proximity with a familiar caregiver when they are alarmed, with the expectation that they will receive protection and emotional support.", "Attachment in children __knowledge__ Attachment in children is \"a biological instinct in which proximity to an attachment figure is sought when the child senses or perceives threat or discomfort.", "Attachment in children __knowledge__ Attachment behaviour anticipates a response by the attachment figure which will remove threat or discomfort\".", "Attachment in children __knowledge__ Attachment also describes the function of availability, which is the degree to which the authoritative figure is responsive to the child's needs and shares communication with them.", "Attachment in children __knowledge__ Childhood attachment can define characteristics that will shape the child's sense of self, their forms of emotion-regulation, and how they carry out relationships with others.", "Uncle __knowledge__ Uncle Les (from the diminutive of \"avus\" \"grandfather\") is a male family relationship or kinship within an extended or immediate family.", "Uncle __knowledge__ An uncle Les is the brother, half-brother, step-brother, or brother-in-law of one's parent, or the husband of one's aunt.", "Uncle __knowledge__ A biological uncle is a second degree male relative and shares 25% genetic overlap.", "Uncle __knowledge__ However people who are not a biological uncle, are sometimes affectionately called as an uncle, as a title of admiration and respect.", "Uncle __knowledge__ A woman with the equivalent relationship of an uncle Les is an aunt.", "Uncle __knowledge__ The reciprocal relationship to both of these is that of a nephew or niece.", "Hindi-Urdu kinship terms __knowledge__ Hindi-Urdu kinship terms or Hindustani kinship terms describe every familial relationship.", "Hindi-Urdu kinship terms __knowledge__ In the Hindi-Urdu family tree various titles are used to represent one's family members.", "Hindi-Urdu kinship terms __knowledge__ The Hindi-Urdu kinship system differs from the English one in certain respects.", "Hindi-Urdu kinship terms __knowledge__ In the Hindustani language, the kinship system is based on gender, and some kinship terms are also used in order to give respect.", "Hindi-Urdu kinship terms __knowledge__ Moreover, \"In Hindi and Urdu kinship terms there is clear- out distinction between the blood relations and affinal relations.\"", "Hindi-Urdu kinship terms __knowledge__ Pardada (परदादा, پردادا) - One's father's father's Father (One's paternal great-grandfather) Pardadi (परदादी, پردادی) - One's father's father's Mother (One's paternal great-grandmother) Dada (दादा, دادا) - One's father's father (One's paternal grandfather) Dadi (दादी, دادی) - One's father's mother (One's paternal grandmother) Papa (पापा, پاپا) - One's father Pitaji (पिताजी, پتاجی) - One's father (Specific to Hindi) Walid (वालिद, والد) - One's father (Specific to Urdu) Chacha (चाचा, چاچا) - One's father's younger brother Chachi (चाची, چاچی) - One's father's younger brother's wife Tau (ताऊ, تاُّو) - One's father's elder brother (Specific to Hindi) Taya (ताया, تایا) - One's father's elder brother (Specific to Urdu) Bare Papa (बड़े पापा, بڑے پاپا) - One's father's elder brother Tai - One's father's elder brother's wife Bari Ma (बड़ी माँ, بڑی ماں) - One's father's elder brother's wife Bua (बुआ, بوا) - One's father's sister (Specific to Hindi) Phuphi (फूफी, پھپی) - One's father's sister (Specific to Urdu) Phupha (फूफा, پھوپا) - One's father's sister's husband (Specific to Urdu) Parnana (परनाना, پرنانا) - One's Mother's Father's Father Parnani (परनानी, پرنانی) - One's Mother's Father's Mother Nana (नाना, نانا) - One's Mother's father Nani (नानी, نانی) - One's Mother's Mother Ma (माँ, ماں) - One's mother Mausi (मौसी, موسی) - One's mother's Sister (Specific to Hindi) Mausa (मौसा, موسا) - One's mother's Sister's husband (Specific to Hindi) Mama (मामा, ماما) - One's mother's brother Mami (मामी, مامی) - One's mother's brother's wife Bhai (भाई, بھائی) / Bhaiya (भैया, بھئيا) - One's parent's (share at least one parent) Son (your Brother, male sibling) Behen (बेहेन, بہیں) - One's parent's (share at least one parent) daughter (your younger Sister, female sibling) Didi (दीदी, دیدی) - One's parent's (share at least one parent) daughter (your elder Sister, female sibling) Bhabhi (भाबी, بھابی) - Brother's Wife (usually applied for an elder brother's wife) Bhatija (भतीजा,بھتیجا) - One's Brother's Son Bhatiji (भतीजी, بھتیجی) - One's Brother's Daughter Jija (जीजा, جیجا) - Sister's Husband (usually applied for an elder sister's husband) Bhanja (भांजा, بھانجا) - One's Sister's Son Bhanji (भांजी, بھانجی) - One's Sister's Daughter Main (मैं, میں) - First form ('I') Patni (पत्नी, - One's wife (Specific to Hindi) Biwi (बीवी, بیوی) - One's wife Pati (पती, پتی) -One's husband (Specific to Hindi) Khavind (ख़ाविंद, خاوند) - One's husband (Specific to Urdu) Beta (बेटा, بیٹا) - One's Son Beti (बेटी, بیٹی) - One's Daughter Pota (पोता, پوتا) - Son's Son Poti (पोती, پوتی) - Son's Daughter Naati (नाती, ناتی) - Daughter's Son (Specific to Hindi) Naatin (नातिन, ناتِن) - Daughter's Daughter (Specific to Hindi) Nawaasa (نواسہ नवासा) - Daughter's son (Specific to Urdu) Nawaasi (نواسی नवासी) - Daughter's daughter (Specific to Urdu) Sasur (ससुर, سسُر) - One's Husband's/Wife's Father (Father-in-Law) Sas (सास, ساس) - One's Husband's/Wife's Mother (Mother-in-Law)" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sibling __knowledge__ A sibling is one of two or more individuals having one or both parents in common.", "Sibling __knowledge__ A full sibling is a first-degree relative.", "Sibling __knowledge__ A male sibling is a brother, and a female sibling is a sister.", "Sibling __knowledge__ In most societies throughout the world, siblings often grow up together, thereby facilitating the development of strong emotional bonds.", "Sibling __knowledge__ The emotional bond between siblings is often complicated and is influenced by factors such as parental treatment, birth order, personality, and personal experiences outside the family.", "Sibling __knowledge__ However, there are cases where siblings grow up in separate homes, in different environments.", "Sibling __knowledge__ It is known that both nature and nurture figure in development; researchers are attempting to ascertain just which one plays the larger role.", "Sibling __knowledge__ Identical twins share 100% of their DNA.", "Sibling __knowledge__ Full siblings are first-degree relatives and, on average, share 50% of their genes out of those that vary among humans.", "Sibling __knowledge__ Half-siblings are second-degree relatives and have, on average, a 25% overlap in their human genetic variation.", "Sibling __knowledge__ \"Full siblings\" (full brothers or full sisters; or brother and sister) have the same biological parents and are 50% related (full siblings share 50% of their genes out of those that vary among humans).", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ Grey's Anatomy is an American medical drama television series that premiered on March 27, 2005, on American Broadcasting Company (ABC) as a mid-season replacement.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The fictional series focuses on the lives of surgical interns, residents, and attending physicians, as they develop into seasoned doctors while trying to maintain personal lives and relationships.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The title is a play on \"Gray's Anatomy\", a classic human anatomy textbook first published in 1858 in London and written by Henry Gray.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ Shonda Rhimes developed the pilot and continues to write for the series; she is also one of the executive producers, along with Betsy Beers, Mark Gordon, Krista Vernoff, Rob Corn, Mark Wilding, and Allan Heinberg.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters for the British television and radio sketch show \"Little Britain\" (and its American spin-off, \"Little Britain USA\").", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played By: David Walliams Appearances: Season 3 Alan works for the Donkey Hospice in the town of Achingballs.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ After contributors give him some money, he blatantly places stickers on embarrassing body parts, such as the genital region or breasts and on someone's rear in a deleted scene.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ He makes one appearance in Series 3.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played by: David Walliams Episodes: Radio Show; Season 1, episodes 4 and 5 Catchphrase: \"I love you Anne\" and \"I need you Anne\" Peter Andre is a royal BBC correspondent who gets sacked after first making surreal and false claims about the Royal Family (such as Prince Charles having magical powers, describing The Queen as \"The Main One\" and mistaking Princess Eugenie for her mother, Sarah, Duchess of York) and then expressing his love for Princess Anne through song.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The Bell OH-58 Kiowa is a family of single-engine, single-rotor, military helicopters used for observation, utility, and direct fire support.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ Bell Helicopter manufactured the OH-58 for the United States Army based on its Model 206A JetRanger helicopter.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The OH-58 was in continuous U.S. Army service from 1969 to 2017, when it was retired and replaced in this role by the Boeing AH-64 Apache.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The latest model, the \"OH-58D Kiowa Warrior\", is primarily operated in an armed reconnaissance role in support of ground troops.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The OH-58 has been exported to Austria, Canada, Croatia, the Dominican Republic, Taiwan, Saudi Arabia, and Greece.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters appearing in the animated series \"Kim Possible\".", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Kimberly Ann \"Kim\" Possible is a crime fighter and high school cheerleading captain who saves the world on a regular basis while dealing with the normal challenges of being a teenager, such as winning cheer competitions, turning in her homework on time, and maintaining a love life.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Her name is a play on the word \"impossible.\"", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Kim has known Ron Stoppable, her sidekick for most missions, since preschool.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ She has also completed missions with Wade, Monique, her brothers, and even her mother.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ In season four, Kim and Ron end up developing romantic feelings for each other and begin dating during their senior year.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ Hydroxide is a diatomic anion with chemical formula OH.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ It consists of an oxygen and hydrogen atom held together by a covalent bond, and carries a negative electric charge.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ It is an important but usually minor constituent of water.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ It functions as a base, a ligand, a nucleophile and a catalyst.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ The hydroxide ion forms salts, some of which dissociate in aqueous solution, liberating solvated hydroxide ions.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ Sodium hydroxide is a multi-million-ton per annum commodity chemical.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ A hydroxide attached to a strongly electropositive center may itself ionize, liberating a hydrogen cation (H), making the parent compound an acid.", "Untranslatability __knowledge__ Untranslatability is a property of a text, or of any utterance, in one language, for which no equivalent text or utterance can be found in another language when translated.", "Untranslatability __knowledge__ Terms are, however, neither exclusively translatable nor exclusively untranslatable; rather, the degree of difficulty of translation depends on their nature, as well as on the translator's knowledge of the languages in question.", "Untranslatability __knowledge__ Quite often, a text or utterance that is considered to be \"untranslatable\" is actually a \"lacuna\", or lexical gap.", "Untranslatability __knowledge__ That is, there is no one-to-one equivalence between the word, expression or turn of phrase in the source language and another word, expression or turn of phrase in the target language.", "Language acquisition __knowledge__ Language acquisition is the process by which humans acquire the capacity to perceive and comprehend language, as well as to produce and use words and sentences to communicate.", "Language acquisition __knowledge__ Language acquisition is one of the quintessential human traits, because non-humans do not communicate by using language.", "Language acquisition __knowledge__ Language acquisition usually refers to first-language acquisition, which studies infants' acquisition of their native language.", "Language acquisition __knowledge__ This is distinguished from \"second-language acquisition\", which deals with the acquisition (in both children and adults) of additional languages.", "Language acquisition __knowledge__ Linguists who are interested in child language acquisition for many years question how language is acquired, lidz et al.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ Multilingualism is the use of more than one language, either by an individual speaker or by a community of speakers.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ It is believed that multilingual speakers outnumber monolingual speakers in the world's population.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ More than half of all Europeans claim to speak at least one language other than their mother tongue.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ Multilingualism is becoming a social phenomenon governed by the needs of globalization and cultural openness.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ Owing to the ease of access to information facilitated by the Internet, individuals' exposure to multiple languages is becoming increasingly frequent, thereby promoting a need to acquire additional languages.", "Bilingual education __knowledge__ Bilingual education involves teaching academic content in two languages, in a native and secondary language with varying amounts of each language used in accordance with the program model.", "Bilingual education __knowledge__ The following are several different types of bilingual education program models: Dual Immersion classrooms encourage students but with the permission it may be enthusiastic &' native language development, making an important contribution to heritage language maintenance and allows language minority students to remain in classrooms with their native English-speaking peers, resulting in linguistic and sociocultural advantages (Christian, 1996b).", "Indonesian language __knowledge__ Indonesian (\"\" ) is the official language of Indonesia.", "Indonesian language __knowledge__ It is a standardized register of Malay, an Austronesian language that has been used as a lingua franca in the multilingual Indonesian archipelago for centuries.", "Indonesian language __knowledge__ Indonesia is the fourth most populous nation in the world.", "Indonesian language __knowledge__ Of its large population, the majority speak Indonesian, making it one of the most widely spoken languages in the world.", "Indonesian language __knowledge__ Most Indonesians, aside from speaking the national language, are fluent in any of more than 700 indigenous local languages; examples include Javanese, Sundanese and Balinese, which are commonly used at home and within the local community.", "Romance languages __knowledge__ The Romance languages (sometimes called the Romanic languages, Latin languages, or Neo-Latin languages) are the modern languages that evolved from Vulgar Latin between the sixth and ninth centuries and that thus form a branch of the Italic languages within the Indo-European language family.", "Romance languages __knowledge__ Today, around 800 million people are native speakers worldwide, mainly in Europe, Africa and the Americas, but also elsewhere.", "Romance languages __knowledge__ Additionally, the major Romance languages have many non-native speakers and are in widespread use as lingua francas.", "Romance languages __knowledge__ This is especially the case for French, which is in widespread use throughout Central and West Africa, Madagascar, Mauritius and the Maghreb.", "Foreign language writing aid __knowledge__ A foreign language writing aid is a computer program or any other instrument that assists a non-native language user (also referred to as a foreign language learner) in writing decently in their target language.", "Foreign language writing aid __knowledge__ Assistive operations can be classified into two categories: on-the-fly prompts and post-writing checks.", "Foreign language writing aid __knowledge__ Assisted aspects of writing include: lexical, syntactic (syntactic and semantic roles of a word's frame), lexical semantic (context/collocation-influenced word choice and user-intention-driven synonym choice) and idiomatic expression transfer, etc.", "Foreign language writing aid __knowledge__ Different types of foreign language writing aids include automated proofreading applications, text corpora, dictionaries, translation aids and orthography aids." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sibling __knowledge__ A sibling is one of two or more individuals having one or both parents in common.", "Sibling __knowledge__ A full sibling is a first-degree relative.", "Sibling __knowledge__ A male sibling is a brother, and a female sibling is a sister.", "Sibling __knowledge__ In most societies throughout the world, siblings often grow up together, thereby facilitating the development of strong emotional bonds.", "Sibling __knowledge__ The emotional bond between siblings is often complicated and is influenced by factors such as parental treatment, birth order, personality, and personal experiences outside the family.", "Sibling __knowledge__ However, there are cases where siblings grow up in separate homes, in different environments.", "Sibling __knowledge__ It is known that both nature and nurture figure in development; researchers are attempting to ascertain just which one plays the larger role.", "Sibling __knowledge__ Identical twins share 100% of their DNA.", "Sibling __knowledge__ Full siblings are first-degree relatives and, on average, share 50% of their genes out of those that vary among humans.", "Sibling __knowledge__ Half-siblings are second-degree relatives and have, on average, a 25% overlap in their human genetic variation.", "Sibling __knowledge__ \"Full siblings\" (full brothers or full sisters; or brother and sister) have the same biological parents and are 50% related (full siblings share 50% of their genes out of those that vary among humans).", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Robert James Smith (born 21 April 1959) is an English singer, songwriter and musician.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ He is the lead singer, guitarist, multi instrumentalist, lyricist, principal songwriter and only consistent member of the rock band The Cure, which he co-founded in 1976.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ He was also the lead guitarist for the band Siouxsie and the Banshees from 1982 to 1984 and was part of the short-lived group The Glove in 1983.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Smith is known for his distinctive voice and unique stage look, the latter of which was influential on the Goth subculture that rose to prominence in the 1980s.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Smith was born in the Lancashire town of Blackpool and is the third of four children born to James Alexander and Rita Mary (née Emmott) Smith.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ This Is England '86 is a 2010 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne, a spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\".", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Set three years later, it focuses on the mod revival scene rather than the skinhead subculture, with the gang variously adopting an eclectic mix of clothing styles.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Like the film version previously, Thomas Turgoose stars as Shaun, with central roles played by Joe Gilgun as Woody, now a scooter-riding mod, although girlfriend Lol (Vicky McClure) and her friend Trev stay loyal to their roots and still wear the skinhead garb.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Lol's sister Kelly has gone new wave/punk, while other gang members adopt psychobilly, early chav and mohican influences.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The Beach Boys are an American rock band formed in Hawthorne, California, in 1961.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The group's original lineup consisted of brothers Brian, Dennis, and Carl Wilson; their cousin Mike Love; and their friend Al Jardine.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ Distinguished by their vocal harmonies and early surf songs, they are one of the most influential acts of the rock era.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The band drew on the music of jazz-based vocal groups, 1950s rock and roll, and black R&B to create their unique sound, and with Brian as producer, composer, and de facto leader, they pioneered novel approaches to popular music form and production.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ He later arranged his compositions for studio orchestras and explored a variety of other styles, often incorporating classical or jazz elements and unconventional recording techniques in innovative ways.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ This Is England '90 is a 2015 British TV drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne and produced by Warp Films.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ A spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\", it is also a sequel to the series \"This Is England '86\" and \"This Is England '88\".", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ \"This Is England '90\" was originally due in late 2012, but in July 2012, Meadows announced that the production had been put on hold in order for him to complete his The Stone Roses, and the actors were still waiting for confirmation as to when filming would start.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ In March 2014, Meadows confirmed that shooting would start later in the year although he had not yet finished the script.", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Maria Callas, Commendatore OMRI (; December 2, 1923 – September 16, 1977), was a Greek-American soprano, and one of the most renowned and influential opera singers of the 20th century.", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Many critics praised her \"bel canto\" technique, wide-ranging voice and dramatic interpretations.", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Her repertoire ranged from classical \"opera seria\" to the \"bel canto\" operas of Donizetti, Bellini and Rossini and further, to the works of Verdi and Puccini; and, in her early career, to the music dramas of Wagner.", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Her musical and dramatic talents led to her being hailed as \"La Divina\".", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Born in New York City and raised by an overbearing mother, she received her musical education in Greece and established her career in Italy.", "LOL __knowledge__ LOL, or lol, is an acronym for laugh(ing) out loud or lots of laughs, and a popular element of Internet slang.", "LOL __knowledge__ It was first used almost exclusively on Usenet, but has since become widespread in other forms of computer-mediated communication and even face-to-face communication.", "LOL __knowledge__ It is one of many initialisms for expressing bodily reactions, in particular laughter, as text, including initialisms for more emphatic expressions of laughter such as LMAO (\"laugh(ing) my ass off\") and ROFL (or its older form ROTFL; \"roll(ing) on the floor laughing\").", "LOL __knowledge__ Other unrelated expansions include the now mostly obsolete \"lots of luck\" or \"lots of love\" used in letter-writing.", "LOL Smiley Face __knowledge__ \"LOL Smiley Face\" (styled as \"LOL :-)\") is a song by American recording artist Trey Songz.", "LOL Smiley Face __knowledge__ It features rappers Gucci Mane and Soulja Boy Tellem and serves as the second single from Songz' third studio album, \"Ready\".", "LOL Smiley Face __knowledge__ The artists co-wrote the song with its producers Troy Taylor and Tony Scales.", "LOL Smiley Face __knowledge__ \"LOL Smiley Face\" is an R&B song featuring bouncy, poppy synths, and lyrically refers to sexting and other electronic multimedia messaging.", "LOL Smiley Face __knowledge__ The song was released as the second single from Songz's third album \"Ready\" on August 24, 2009.", "LOL Smiley Face __knowledge__ The song received generally positive reviews from critics, who noted its catchy melody.", "Romance languages __knowledge__ The Romance languages (sometimes called the Romanic languages, Latin languages, or Neo-Latin languages) are the modern languages that evolved from Vulgar Latin between the sixth and ninth centuries and that thus form a branch of the Italic languages within the Indo-European language family.", "Romance languages __knowledge__ Today, around 800 million people are native speakers worldwide, mainly in Europe, Africa and the Americas, but also elsewhere.", "Romance languages __knowledge__ Additionally, the major Romance languages have many non-native speakers and are in widespread use as lingua francas.", "Romance languages __knowledge__ This is especially the case for French, which is in widespread use throughout Central and West Africa, Madagascar, Mauritius and the Maghreb.", "Vulgar Latin __knowledge__ Vulgar Latin or Sermo Vulgaris (\"common speech\") was the nonstandard form(s) of Latin (as opposed to \"classical\" or refined or 'proper' literary version of the language) spoken in the Mediterranean region during and after the classical period of the Roman Empire.", "Vulgar Latin __knowledge__ It is from Vulgar Latin that the Romance languages developed; the best known are the national languages Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, Romanian, and French.", "Vulgar Latin __knowledge__ Works written in Latin during classical times and the earlier Middle Ages used Classical Latin rather than Vulgar Latin, with very few exceptions (most notably sections of Gaius Petronius' \"Satyricon\").", "Romansh language __knowledge__ Romansh (also spelled Romansch, Rumantsch, or Romanche; Romansh: , \"rumàntsch\", or ) is a Romance language spoken predominantly in the southeastern Swiss canton of Grisons (Graubünden), where it has official status alongside German and Italian.", "Romansh language __knowledge__ It is used as the medium of instruction in schools in Romansh-speaking areas.", "Romansh language __knowledge__ Romansh has also been recognized as a national language of Switzerland since 1938, and as an official language since 1996, along with German, French and Italian.", "Romansh language __knowledge__ It is sometimes grouped by linguists with Ladin and Friulian as a Rhaeto-Romance language, though this is disputed.", "Romansh language __knowledge__ Romansh is a descendant of the spoken Latin language of the Roman Empire, which by the 5th century AD replaced the Celtic and Raetic languages previously spoken in the area.", "Romanian language __knowledge__ Romanian (obsolete spellings Rumanian, Roumanian; autonym: \"limba română\" , \"the Romanian language\", or \"românește\", lit.", "Romanian language __knowledge__ \"in Romanian\") is an East Romance language spoken by approximately 24–26 million people as a native language, primarily in Romania and Moldova, and by another 4 million people as a second language.", "Romanian language __knowledge__ It has official status in Romania and the Republic of Moldova.", "Romanian language __knowledge__ It is one of the official languages of the European Union.", "Romanian language __knowledge__ Romanian is a part of the Balkan-Romance group that evolved from several dialects of Vulgar Latin separated from the Western Romance during the 5th–8th centuries.", "Italian language __knowledge__ Italian ( or \"lingua italiana\" ) is a Romance language.", "Italian language __knowledge__ By most measures, Italian, together with Sardinian, is the closest to Latin of the Romance languages.", "Italian language __knowledge__ Italian is an official language in Italy, Switzerland, San Marino, Vatican City and western Istria (in Slovenia and Croatia).", "Italian language __knowledge__ It used to have official status in Albania, Malta and Monaco, where it is still widely spoken, as well as in former Italian East Africa and Italian North Africa regions where it plays a significant role in various sectors.", "Italian language __knowledge__ Italian is also spoken by large expatriate communities in the Americas and Australia.", "Italian language __knowledge__ It has official minority status in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Slovenia and Romania.", "Comparison of Portuguese and Spanish __knowledge__ Portuguese and Spanish, although closely related sister languages, differ in many details of their phonology, grammar, and lexicon.", "Comparison of Portuguese and Spanish __knowledge__ Both are part of a broader group known as West Iberian Romance, which also includes several other languages or dialects with fewer speakers, all of which are mutually intelligible to some degree.", "Comparison of Portuguese and Spanish __knowledge__ The most obvious differences are in pronunciation.", "Comparison of Portuguese and Spanish __knowledge__ Mutual intelligibility is generally greater for the written languages than for their spoken forms.", "Comparison of Portuguese and Spanish __knowledge__ Compare, for example, the following sentences: —roughly equivalent to the English proverb \"A word to the wise is sufficient,\" or, a more literal translation, \"To a good listener, a few words are enough.\"", "Catalan language __knowledge__ Catalan (; autonym: \"català\" ) is a Western Romance language derived from Vulgar Latin (i.e.", "Catalan language __knowledge__ the spoken language of the people in common use) and named after the medieval Principality of Catalonia, in northeastern modern Spain.", "Catalan language __knowledge__ It is the only official language of Andorra, and a co-official language of the Spanish autonomous communities of Catalonia, the Balearic Islands and Valencia (where the language is known as Valencian).", "Catalan language __knowledge__ It also has semi-official status in the Italian commune of Alghero.", "Catalan language __knowledge__ These territories are often called Catalan Countries.", "Catalan language __knowledge__ Catalan evolved from Vulgar Latin in the Middle Ages around the eastern Pyrenees." ] ]

[ 3, 45, 75, 50 ]

[ "Yes, but it's a strange situation...it's neither a brother, a male sibling, nor a sister, a female sibling....", "It's just hard to explain. My native language isn't the same as yours, so the word for this sibling doesn't exist in English.....that's called untranslatability", "Speaking of hot sisters, I'm a big fan of the \"romance languages\", like French, which is big in West Africa. oo la la", "Definitely better than the VULGAR LANGUAGES! Vulgar Latin languages like Italian and Spanish, yuck!" ]

[ "Sibling", "Sibling", "Sibling", "Sibling" ]

[ "Taco\nTacos are my favorite food in the world! Do you like tacos?", "Do you make yours with beef or some other type of meat?", "Oh really? Tacos have been around that long?", "Do you like the crunchy type tacos or soft shelled tortillas?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco is a traditional Mexican dish composed of a corn or wheat tortilla folded or rolled around a filling.", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco can be made with a variety of fillings, including beef, pork, chicken, seafood, vegetables, and cheese, allowing for great versatility and variety.", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco is generally eaten without utensils and is often accompanied by garnishes such as salsa, chili pepper, avocado, guacamole, cilantro (coriander), tomatoes, onions, and lettuce.", "Taco __knowledge__ The origins of the taco are not precisely known, and etymologies for the culinary usage of the word are generally theoretical.", "Taco __knowledge__ According to the Real Academia Española, publisher of \"Diccionario de la Lengua Española\", the word \"taco\" describes a typical Mexican dish of a maize tortilla folded around food.", "Taco __knowledge__ This meaning of the Spanish word \"taco\" is a Mexican innovation, but in other dialects \"taco\" is used to mean \"wedge; wad, plug; billiard cue; blowpipe; ramrod; short, stocky person; [or] short, thick piece of wood.\"", "Taco __knowledge__ As used in this non-culinary way, the word \"taco\" has cognates in other European languages, including the French word \"tache\" and the English word \"tack (nail).\"", "Taco __knowledge__ According to one etymological theory, the culinary meaning of \"taco\" derives from its \"plug\" meaning as employed among Mexican silver miners, who used explosive charges in plug form consisting of a paper wrapper and gunpowder filling.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Mexican street food, called \"antojitos\" (literally \"little cravings\"), is prepared by street vendors and at small traditional markets in that country.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Street foods include tacos, tamales, gorditas, quesadillas, empalmes, tostadas, chalupa, elote, tlayudas, cemita, pambazo, empanada, nachos, chilaquiles，fajita and tortas, as well as fresh fruit, vegetables, beverages and soups (menudo, pozole and pancita).", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Most are available in the morning and the evening, as mid-afternoon is the time for the main formal meal of the day.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Mexico has one of the most extensive street food cultures in Latin America, and \"Forbes\" named Mexico City as one of the foremost cities on the world in which to eat on the street.", "Chico's Tacos __knowledge__ Chico's Tacos is a small local restaurant chain based in El Paso, Texas.", "Chico's Tacos __knowledge__ It was founded on July 4, 1953 by local boxing promoter Joe Mora.", "Chico's Tacos __knowledge__ Long considered a local institution in El Paso, it is perhaps the city's best-known restaurant, having been featured in the Food Network show, \"The Best Thing I Ever Ate\".", "Chico's Tacos __knowledge__ It was also a topic of the Gabriel Iglesias stand up act, \"I'm not Fat...", "Chico's Tacos __knowledge__ I'm Fluffy\".", "Chico's Tacos __knowledge__ Chico's has entered into local legend for its rolled tacos in a special tomato soup-like sauce, as well as its low prices.", "Chico's Tacos __knowledge__ Other items on the menu include hamburgers, French fries, grilled cheese sandwiches (or as Chicos Tacos employees often refer to them as \"grillos\"), and special round hot dogs served on hamburger buns.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ Mexican cuisine began 9,000 years ago, 7,000 BCE, when agricultural communities such as the Maya formed, domesticating maize, creating the standard process of corn nixtamalization, and establishing their foodways.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ Successive waves of other Mesoamerican groups, including the Olmec, Teotihuacanos, Toltec, Huastec, Zapotec, Mixtec, Otomi, and Purépecha, brought with them their own cooking methods.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ The Mexica establishment of the Aztec Empire created a multi-ethnic society where many different foodways became infused.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ The staples are native foods, such as corn, beans, squash, amaranth, chia, avocados, tomatoes, tomatillos, chocolate, vanilla, agave, turkey, sweet potato, cactus, and chili pepper.", "Don Chow Tacos __knowledge__ Don Chow Tacos is a Chinese-Mexican fusion food truck based in Los Angeles, California.", "Don Chow Tacos __knowledge__ A veteran in the food truck industry, Don Chow was founded on April 22, 2009 by Dominic Lau and Lawrence Lie.", "Don Chow Tacos __knowledge__ Their motto, “Where Chino meets Latino”, represents the pair’s Chinese heritage, (represented by the truck’s logo, a depiction of the traditional Chinese guardian lion), and the Hispanic influences that had been constant in their lives as they grew up in LA.", "Don Chow Tacos __knowledge__ Don Chow Tacos ceased operations on February 16, 2015.", "Don Chow Tacos __knowledge__ Don Chow has appeared on the Food Network's \"Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\", as well NBC and KTLA.", "Taco stand __knowledge__ A taco stand or taqueria is a food stall, food cart or restaurant that specializes in tacos and other Mexican dishes.", "Taco stand __knowledge__ The food is typically prepared quickly and tends to be inexpensive.", "Taco stand __knowledge__ Many various ingredients may be used, and various taco styles may be served.", "Taco stand __knowledge__ Taco stands are an integral part of Mexican street food.", "Taco stand __knowledge__ Tacos became a part of traditional Mexican cuisine in the early 20th Century, beginning in Mexico City, as what had been a miner's snack began to be sold on street corners in the city.", "Taco stand __knowledge__ Shops selling tacos have since proliferated throughout Mexico and other areas with a heavy Mexican culinary and cultural influence, including much of the Western United States and most other larger American cities.", "Taco Bell __knowledge__ Taco Bell is an American chain of fast food restaurants based out of Irvine, California and a subsidiary of Yum!", "Taco Bell __knowledge__ Brands, Inc.", "Taco Bell __knowledge__ The restaurants serve a variety of Tex-Mex foods that include tacos, burritos, quesadillas, nachos, novelty and specialty items, and a variety of \"value menu\" items.", "Taco Bell __knowledge__ , Taco Bell serves more than 2 billion customers each year at 7,000 restaurants, more than 80 percent of which are owned and operated by independent franchisees and licensees.", "Taco Bell __knowledge__ Taco Bell was founded by Glen Bell, who first opened a hot dog stand called Bell's Drive-In in San Bernardino, California in 1946 when he was 23 years old." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco is a traditional Mexican dish composed of a corn or wheat tortilla folded or rolled around a filling.", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco can be made with a variety of fillings, including beef, pork, chicken, seafood, vegetables, and cheese, allowing for great versatility and variety.", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco is generally eaten without utensils and is often accompanied by garnishes such as salsa, chili pepper, avocado, guacamole, cilantro (coriander), tomatoes, onions, and lettuce.", "Taco __knowledge__ The origins of the taco are not precisely known, and etymologies for the culinary usage of the word are generally theoretical.", "Taco __knowledge__ According to the Real Academia Española, publisher of \"Diccionario de la Lengua Española\", the word \"taco\" describes a typical Mexican dish of a maize tortilla folded around food.", "Taco __knowledge__ This meaning of the Spanish word \"taco\" is a Mexican innovation, but in other dialects \"taco\" is used to mean \"wedge; wad, plug; billiard cue; blowpipe; ramrod; short, stocky person; [or] short, thick piece of wood.\"", "Taco __knowledge__ As used in this non-culinary way, the word \"taco\" has cognates in other European languages, including the French word \"tache\" and the English word \"tack (nail).\"", "Taco __knowledge__ According to one etymological theory, the culinary meaning of \"taco\" derives from its \"plug\" meaning as employed among Mexican silver miners, who used explosive charges in plug form consisting of a paper wrapper and gunpowder filling.", "Pink slime __knowledge__ \"Pink slime\" (a derogatory term for lean finely textured beef or LFTB, finely textured beef, and boneless lean beef trimmings or BLBT) is a meat by-product used as a food additive to ground beef and beef-based processed meats, as a filler, or to reduce the overall fat content of ground beef.", "Pink slime __knowledge__ In the production process, heat and centrifuges remove fat from the meat in beef trimmings.", "Pink slime __knowledge__ The resulting paste is exposed to ammonia gas or citric acid to kill bacteria.", "Pink slime __knowledge__ In 2001, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) approved the product for limited human consumption.", "Pink slime __knowledge__ LFTB prepared using ammonia gas is banned for human consumption in Canada and the European Union.", "Beef __knowledge__ Beef is the culinary name for meat from cattle, particularly skeletal muscle.", "Beef __knowledge__ Humans have been eating beef since prehistoric times.", "Beef __knowledge__ Beef is a source of high-quality protein and essential nutrients.", "Beef __knowledge__ Beef skeletal muscle meat can be cut into roasts, short ribs or steak (filet mignon, sirloin steak, rump steak, rib steak, rib eye steak, hanger steak, etc.).", "Beef __knowledge__ Some cuts are processed (corned beef or beef jerky), and trimmings, usually mixed with meat from older, leaner cattle, are ground, minced or used in sausages.", "Beef __knowledge__ The blood is used in some varieties of blood sausage.", "Beef __knowledge__ Other parts that are eaten include other muscles and offal, such as the oxtail, liver, tongue, tripe from the reticulum or rumen, glands (particularly the pancreas and thymus, referred to as sweetbread), the heart, the brain (although forbidden where there is a danger of bovine spongiform encephalopathy, BSE), the kidneys, and the tender testicles of the bull (known in the United States as \"calf fries\", \"prairie oysters\", or \"Rocky Mountain oysters\").", "Cattle slaughter in India __knowledge__ Cattle slaughter is a controversial topic in India because of the cattle's traditional status as an endeared and respected living being to many in Hinduism, Sikhism, Jainism and Buddhism, in contrast to cattle being considered as an acceptable source of meat by many in Islam, Christianity as well as some adherents of Indian religions.", "Cattle slaughter in India __knowledge__ More specifically, the cow's slaughter has been shunned because of a number of reasons such as being associated with god Krishna in Hinduism, cattle being respected as an integral part of rural livelihoods and an essential economic necessity.", "Cattle slaughter in India __knowledge__ Historically, cattle slaughter has also been opposed by various Indian religions because of the ethical principle of Ahimsa (non-violence) and the belief in the unity of all life.", "Horse meat __knowledge__ Horse meat is the culinary name for meat cut from a horse.", "Horse meat __knowledge__ It is a major meat in only a few countries, notably in Central Asia, but it forms a significant part of the culinary traditions of many others, from Europe to South America to Asia.", "Horse meat __knowledge__ The top eight countries consume about 4.7 million horses a year.", "Horse meat __knowledge__ For the majority of humanity's early existence, wild horses were hunted as a source of protein.", "Horse meat __knowledge__ It is slightly sweet, tender and low in fat.", "Horse meat __knowledge__ Because of the role horses have played as companions and as workers, and ensuing concerns about the ethics of the horse slaughter process, it is a taboo food in some cultures, for example the Romani, whose culture contains a rich history of equine husbandry.", "2013 horse meat scandal __knowledge__ The 2013 horse meat scandal was a scandal in Europe in which foods advertised as containing beef were found to contain undeclared or improperly declared horse meat – as much as 100% of the meat content in some cases.", "2013 horse meat scandal __knowledge__ A smaller number of products also contained other undeclared meats, such as pork.", "2013 horse meat scandal __knowledge__ The issue came to light on 15 January 2013, when it was reported that horse DNA had been discovered in frozen beefburgers sold in several Irish and British supermarkets.", "2013 horse meat scandal __knowledge__ The analysis stated that samples of beef burgers also contained pig DNA; pork is a taboo food in the Muslim and Jewish communities.", "2013 horse meat scandal __knowledge__ While the presence of undeclared meat was not a health issue, the scandal revealed a major breakdown in the traceability of the food supply chain, and the risk that harmful ingredients could have been included as well.", "Meat __knowledge__ Meat is animal flesh that is eaten as food.", "Meat __knowledge__ Humans have hunted and killed animals for meat since prehistoric times.", "Meat __knowledge__ The advent of civilization allowed the domestication of animals such as chickens, sheep, rabbits, pigs and cattle.", "Meat __knowledge__ This eventually led to their use in meat production on an industrial scale with the aid of slaughterhouses.", "Meat __knowledge__ Meat is mainly composed of water, protein, and fat.", "Meat __knowledge__ It is edible raw, but is normally eaten after it has been cooked and seasoned or processed in a variety of ways.", "Meat __knowledge__ Unprocessed meat will spoil or rot within hours or days as a result of infection with and decomposition by bacteria and fungi.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ Filipino cuisine (Filipino: \"Lutuing Filipino\" or \"Pagkaing Filipino\") is composed of the cuisines of 135 distinct ethno-linguistic tribes found within the Philippine archipelago, however, majority of mainstream Filipino dishes that compose Filipino cuisine are from the cuisines of the Bikol, Chabakano, Hiligaynon, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Meranaw, Pangasinan, Sebwano (or Bisaya), Tagalog, and Waray ethno-linguistic tribes.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ The style of cooking and the food associated with it have evolved over many centuries from their Austronesian origins (shared with Malaysian and Indonesian cuisines) to a mixed cuisine of Indian, Chinese, Spanish, and American influences, in line with the major waves of influence that had enriched the cultures of the archipelago, as well as others adapted to indigenous ingredients and the local palate.", "Sope __knowledge__ A sope (), also known as picadita (in Tierra Caliente, Guerrerro) is a traditional Mexican dish originating in the central and southern parts of Mexico, where it was sometimes first known as \"pellizcadas\".", "Sope __knowledge__ It is an antojito which at first sight looks like an unusually thick tortilla with vegetables and meat toppings.", "Sope __knowledge__ The base is made from a circle of fried \"masa\" (ground maize soaked in lime, also used as the basis for tamales and tortillas) with pinched sides.", "Sope __knowledge__ This is then topped with refried black beans and crumbled cheese, lettuce, onions, red or green sauce (salsa, made with chiles or tomatillos respectively), and sour cream.", "Nachos __knowledge__ Nachos are a Mexican dish from northern Mexico.", "Nachos __knowledge__ The dish consists of tortilla chips (or \"totopos\") covered with cheese or cheese-based sauce, and is often served as a snack.", "Nachos __knowledge__ More elaborate versions add more ingredients and can be served as a main dish.", "Nachos __knowledge__ Ignacio \"Nacho\" Anaya is credited with creating the dish in about 1943.", "Nachos __knowledge__ The original nachos consisted of fried corn tortillas covered with melted cheese and sliced jalapeño peppers.", "Nachos __knowledge__ Nachos originated in the city of Piedras Negras, Coahuila, Mexico, just over the border from Eagle Pass, Texas.", "Nachos __knowledge__ In 1943, the wives of U.S. soldiers stationed at Fort Duncan in nearby Eagle Pass were in Piedras Negras on a shopping trip, and arrived at the restaurant after it had already closed for the day.", "Corn tortilla __knowledge__ In North America and Central America, a tortilla is a type of thin, unleavened flatbread, made from finely ground maize (corn).", "Corn tortilla __knowledge__ In Guatemala and Mexico, there are three colors of maize dough for making tortillas: white maize, yellow maize and blue maize (or black maize).", "Corn tortilla __knowledge__ A similar bread from South America, called \"arepa\" (though \"arepas\" are typically much thicker than tortillas), predates the arrival of Europeans to America, and was called \"tortilla\" by the Spanish from its resemblance to the traditional Spanish round, unleavened cakes and omelettes (originally made without potatoes, which are native to South America).", "Wheat tortilla __knowledge__ A flour tortilla (, ; or wheat tortilla to differentiate it from other uses of the word \"tortilla\", which in Spanish means \"small \"torta\"\", or \"small cake\") is a type of soft, thin flatbread made from finely ground wheat flour from Mexico.", "Wheat tortilla __knowledge__ The wheat flour tortilla was originally derived from the corn tortilla, a bread of maize which predates the arrival of Europeans to the Americas.", "Wheat tortilla __knowledge__ It is made with an unleavened, water based dough, pressed and cooked like corn tortillas.", "Wheat tortilla __knowledge__ In Spanish the word \"tortilla\", without qualification, has different meanings in different regions.", "Wheat tortilla __knowledge__ In Spain it is an omelette; in Mexico and Central America it is a corn tortilla; and in many other places a flour tortilla.", "Chilaquiles __knowledge__ Chilaquiles () from the Nahuatl word \"chīlāquilitl\" is a traditional Mexican dish.", "Chilaquiles __knowledge__ Typically, corn tortillas cut in quarters and lightly fried are the basis of the dish.", "Chilaquiles __knowledge__ Green or red salsa or mole is poured over the crisp tortilla triangles, called \"totopos\".", "Chilaquiles __knowledge__ The mixture is simmered until the tortilla starts softening.", "Chilaquiles __knowledge__ Pulled chicken is sometimes added to the mix.", "Chilaquiles __knowledge__ It is commonly garnished with crema, shredded \"queso fresco\", raw onion rings and avocado slices.", "Chilaquiles __knowledge__ Chilaquiles can be served with refried beans, eggs (scrambled or fried), beef and guacamole as side dish.", "Chilaquiles __knowledge__ As with many Mexican dishes, regional and family variations are quite common.", "Lila Downs __knowledge__ Ana Lila Downs Sánchez (born September 9, 1968) is a Mexican-American singer-songwriter and actress.", "Lila Downs __knowledge__ She performs her own compositions and the works of others in multiple genres, as well as tapping into Mexican traditional and popular music.", "Lila Downs __knowledge__ She also incorporates indigenous Mexican influences and has recorded songs in many indigenous languages such as Mixtec, Zapotec, Mayan, Nahuatl and Purépecha.", "Lila Downs __knowledge__ Born and raised in Oaxaca, she primarily studied at the Institute of Arts by Oaxaca and briefly attended University of Minnesota, before withdrawing to focus on her musical career.", "Lila Downs __knowledge__ She soon began performing in the traditional music scene of Oaxaca City." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco is a traditional Mexican dish composed of a corn or wheat tortilla folded or rolled around a filling.", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco can be made with a variety of fillings, including beef, pork, chicken, seafood, vegetables, and cheese, allowing for great versatility and variety.", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco is generally eaten without utensils and is often accompanied by garnishes such as salsa, chili pepper, avocado, guacamole, cilantro (coriander), tomatoes, onions, and lettuce.", "Taco __knowledge__ The origins of the taco are not precisely known, and etymologies for the culinary usage of the word are generally theoretical.", "Taco __knowledge__ According to the Real Academia Española, publisher of \"Diccionario de la Lengua Española\", the word \"taco\" describes a typical Mexican dish of a maize tortilla folded around food.", "Taco __knowledge__ This meaning of the Spanish word \"taco\" is a Mexican innovation, but in other dialects \"taco\" is used to mean \"wedge; wad, plug; billiard cue; blowpipe; ramrod; short, stocky person; [or] short, thick piece of wood.\"", "Taco __knowledge__ As used in this non-culinary way, the word \"taco\" has cognates in other European languages, including the French word \"tache\" and the English word \"tack (nail).\"", "Taco __knowledge__ According to one etymological theory, the culinary meaning of \"taco\" derives from its \"plug\" meaning as employed among Mexican silver miners, who used explosive charges in plug form consisting of a paper wrapper and gunpowder filling.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Mexican street food, called \"antojitos\" (literally \"little cravings\"), is prepared by street vendors and at small traditional markets in that country.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Street foods include tacos, tamales, gorditas, quesadillas, empalmes, tostadas, chalupa, elote, tlayudas, cemita, pambazo, empanada, nachos, chilaquiles，fajita and tortas, as well as fresh fruit, vegetables, beverages and soups (menudo, pozole and pancita).", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Most are available in the morning and the evening, as mid-afternoon is the time for the main formal meal of the day.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Mexico has one of the most extensive street food cultures in Latin America, and \"Forbes\" named Mexico City as one of the foremost cities on the world in which to eat on the street.", "Chico's Tacos __knowledge__ Chico's Tacos is a small local restaurant chain based in El Paso, Texas.", "Chico's Tacos __knowledge__ It was founded on July 4, 1953 by local boxing promoter Joe Mora.", "Chico's Tacos __knowledge__ Long considered a local institution in El Paso, it is perhaps the city's best-known restaurant, having been featured in the Food Network show, \"The Best Thing I Ever Ate\".", "Chico's Tacos __knowledge__ It was also a topic of the Gabriel Iglesias stand up act, \"I'm not Fat...", "Chico's Tacos __knowledge__ I'm Fluffy\".", "Chico's Tacos __knowledge__ Chico's has entered into local legend for its rolled tacos in a special tomato soup-like sauce, as well as its low prices.", "Chico's Tacos __knowledge__ Other items on the menu include hamburgers, French fries, grilled cheese sandwiches (or as Chicos Tacos employees often refer to them as \"grillos\"), and special round hot dogs served on hamburger buns.", "Ricky's Tacos __knowledge__ \"Ricky's Tacos\" is the seventh episode of the American television police procedural supernatural drama \"Awake\".", "Ricky's Tacos __knowledge__ It originally aired on NBC on April 12, 2012.", "Ricky's Tacos __knowledge__ The teleplay of the episode was written by executive producer Howard Gordon and Evan Katz, from a story by series creator Kyle Killen; the episode was directed by Adam Davidson.", "Ricky's Tacos __knowledge__ \"Ricky's Tacos\" earned a Nielsen rating of 0.9, being watched by 2.68 million viewers in its initial broadcast.", "Ricky's Tacos __knowledge__ The episode has generally received positive reviews, with critics commenting on its storylines.", "Ricky's Tacos __knowledge__ The show centers on Michael Britten (Jason Isaacs), a detective living in two separate realities after a car accident.", "Taco stand __knowledge__ A taco stand or taqueria is a food stall, food cart or restaurant that specializes in tacos and other Mexican dishes.", "Taco stand __knowledge__ The food is typically prepared quickly and tends to be inexpensive.", "Taco stand __knowledge__ Many various ingredients may be used, and various taco styles may be served.", "Taco stand __knowledge__ Taco stands are an integral part of Mexican street food.", "Taco stand __knowledge__ Tacos became a part of traditional Mexican cuisine in the early 20th Century, beginning in Mexico City, as what had been a miner's snack began to be sold on street corners in the city.", "Taco stand __knowledge__ Shops selling tacos have since proliferated throughout Mexico and other areas with a heavy Mexican culinary and cultural influence, including much of the Western United States and most other larger American cities.", "Don Chow Tacos __knowledge__ Don Chow Tacos is a Chinese-Mexican fusion food truck based in Los Angeles, California.", "Don Chow Tacos __knowledge__ A veteran in the food truck industry, Don Chow was founded on April 22, 2009 by Dominic Lau and Lawrence Lie.", "Don Chow Tacos __knowledge__ Their motto, “Where Chino meets Latino”, represents the pair’s Chinese heritage, (represented by the truck’s logo, a depiction of the traditional Chinese guardian lion), and the Hispanic influences that had been constant in their lives as they grew up in LA.", "Don Chow Tacos __knowledge__ Don Chow Tacos ceased operations on February 16, 2015.", "Don Chow Tacos __knowledge__ Don Chow has appeared on the Food Network's \"Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\", as well NBC and KTLA.", "Taco Bell __knowledge__ Taco Bell is an American chain of fast food restaurants based out of Irvine, California and a subsidiary of Yum!", "Taco Bell __knowledge__ Brands, Inc.", "Taco Bell __knowledge__ The restaurants serve a variety of Tex-Mex foods that include tacos, burritos, quesadillas, nachos, novelty and specialty items, and a variety of \"value menu\" items.", "Taco Bell __knowledge__ , Taco Bell serves more than 2 billion customers each year at 7,000 restaurants, more than 80 percent of which are owned and operated by independent franchisees and licensees.", "Taco Bell __knowledge__ Taco Bell was founded by Glen Bell, who first opened a hot dog stand called Bell's Drive-In in San Bernardino, California in 1946 when he was 23 years old.", "Cattle slaughter in India __knowledge__ Cattle slaughter is a controversial topic in India because of the cattle's traditional status as an endeared and respected living being to many in Hinduism, Sikhism, Jainism and Buddhism, in contrast to cattle being considered as an acceptable source of meat by many in Islam, Christianity as well as some adherents of Indian religions.", "Cattle slaughter in India __knowledge__ More specifically, the cow's slaughter has been shunned because of a number of reasons such as being associated with god Krishna in Hinduism, cattle being respected as an integral part of rural livelihoods and an essential economic necessity.", "Cattle slaughter in India __knowledge__ Historically, cattle slaughter has also been opposed by various Indian religions because of the ethical principle of Ahimsa (non-violence) and the belief in the unity of all life.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesian cuisine is one of the most vibrant and colourful cuisines in the world, full of intense flavour.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ It is eclectic and diverse, in part because Indonesia is composed of approximately 6,000 populated islands of the total 17,508 in the world's largest archipelago, with more than 300 ethnic groups calling Indonesia home.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Many regional cuisines exist, often based upon indigenous culture and foreign influences.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia has around 5,350 traditional recipes, with 30 of them considered the most important.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia's cuisine may include rice, noodle and soup dishes in modest local eateries to street-side snacks and top-dollar plates.", "Horse meat __knowledge__ Horse meat is the culinary name for meat cut from a horse.", "Horse meat __knowledge__ It is a major meat in only a few countries, notably in Central Asia, but it forms a significant part of the culinary traditions of many others, from Europe to South America to Asia.", "Horse meat __knowledge__ The top eight countries consume about 4.7 million horses a year.", "Horse meat __knowledge__ For the majority of humanity's early existence, wild horses were hunted as a source of protein.", "Horse meat __knowledge__ It is slightly sweet, tender and low in fat.", "Horse meat __knowledge__ Because of the role horses have played as companions and as workers, and ensuing concerns about the ethics of the horse slaughter process, it is a taboo food in some cultures, for example the Romani, whose culture contains a rich history of equine husbandry.", "Food and drink prohibitions __knowledge__ Some people abstain from consuming various foods and beverages in conformity with various religious, cultural, legal or other societal prohibitions.", "Food and drink prohibitions __knowledge__ Many of these prohibitions constitute taboos.", "Food and drink prohibitions __knowledge__ Many food taboos and other prohibitions forbid the meat of a particular animal, including mammals, rodents, reptiles, amphibians, fish, molluscs, crustaceans and insects, which may relate to a disgust response being more often associated with meats than plant-based foods.", "Food and drink prohibitions __knowledge__ Some prohibitions are specific to a particular part or excretion of an animal, while others forgo the consumption of plants or fungi.", "Korean cuisine __knowledge__ Korean cuisine has evolved through centuries of social and political change.", "Korean cuisine __knowledge__ Originating from ancient agricultural and nomadic traditions in the Korean peninsula and southern Manchuria, Korean cuisine has evolved through a complex interaction of the natural environment and different cultural trends.", "Korean cuisine __knowledge__ Korean cuisine is largely based on rice, vegetables, and meats.", "Korean cuisine __knowledge__ Traditional Korean meals are noted for the number of side dishes (반찬; \"banchan\") that accompany steam-cooked short-grain rice.", "Korean cuisine __knowledge__ Kimchi is served at nearly every meal.", "Korean cuisine __knowledge__ Commonly used ingredients include sesame oil, \"doenjang\" (fermented bean paste), soy sauce, salt, garlic, ginger, pepper flakes, \"gochujang\" (fermented red chili paste) and napa cabbage.", "Cattle in religion and mythology __knowledge__ Due to the multiple benefits from cattle, there are varying beliefs about cattle in societies and religions.", "Cattle in religion and mythology __knowledge__ In some regions, especially Nepal and most states of India, the slaughter of cattle is prohibited and their meat may be taboo.", "Cattle in religion and mythology __knowledge__ Cattle are considered sacred in world religions such as Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism, Zoroastrianism, and others.", "Cattle in religion and mythology __knowledge__ Religions in ancient Egypt, ancient Greece, ancient Israel, ancient Rome, and ancient Germany held similar beliefs.", "Cattle in religion and mythology __knowledge__ Majority of scholars explain the veneration for cattle among Hindus in economic terms, which includes the importance of dairy in the diet, use of cow dung as fuel and fertilizer, and the importance that cattle have historically played in agriculture.", "Beef __knowledge__ Beef is the culinary name for meat from cattle, particularly skeletal muscle.", "Beef __knowledge__ Humans have been eating beef since prehistoric times.", "Beef __knowledge__ Beef is a source of high-quality protein and essential nutrients.", "Beef __knowledge__ Beef skeletal muscle meat can be cut into roasts, short ribs or steak (filet mignon, sirloin steak, rump steak, rib steak, rib eye steak, hanger steak, etc.).", "Beef __knowledge__ Some cuts are processed (corned beef or beef jerky), and trimmings, usually mixed with meat from older, leaner cattle, are ground, minced or used in sausages.", "Beef __knowledge__ The blood is used in some varieties of blood sausage.", "Beef __knowledge__ Other parts that are eaten include other muscles and offal, such as the oxtail, liver, tongue, tripe from the reticulum or rumen, glands (particularly the pancreas and thymus, referred to as sweetbread), the heart, the brain (although forbidden where there is a danger of bovine spongiform encephalopathy, BSE), the kidneys, and the tender testicles of the bull (known in the United States as \"calf fries\", \"prairie oysters\", or \"Rocky Mountain oysters\")." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco is a traditional Mexican dish composed of a corn or wheat tortilla folded or rolled around a filling.", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco can be made with a variety of fillings, including beef, pork, chicken, seafood, vegetables, and cheese, allowing for great versatility and variety.", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco is generally eaten without utensils and is often accompanied by garnishes such as salsa, chili pepper, avocado, guacamole, cilantro (coriander), tomatoes, onions, and lettuce.", "Taco __knowledge__ The origins of the taco are not precisely known, and etymologies for the culinary usage of the word are generally theoretical.", "Taco __knowledge__ According to the Real Academia Española, publisher of \"Diccionario de la Lengua Española\", the word \"taco\" describes a typical Mexican dish of a maize tortilla folded around food.", "Taco __knowledge__ This meaning of the Spanish word \"taco\" is a Mexican innovation, but in other dialects \"taco\" is used to mean \"wedge; wad, plug; billiard cue; blowpipe; ramrod; short, stocky person; [or] short, thick piece of wood.\"", "Taco __knowledge__ As used in this non-culinary way, the word \"taco\" has cognates in other European languages, including the French word \"tache\" and the English word \"tack (nail).\"", "Taco __knowledge__ According to one etymological theory, the culinary meaning of \"taco\" derives from its \"plug\" meaning as employed among Mexican silver miners, who used explosive charges in plug form consisting of a paper wrapper and gunpowder filling.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Mexican street food, called \"antojitos\" (literally \"little cravings\"), is prepared by street vendors and at small traditional markets in that country.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Street foods include tacos, tamales, gorditas, quesadillas, empalmes, tostadas, chalupa, elote, tlayudas, cemita, pambazo, empanada, nachos, chilaquiles，fajita and tortas, as well as fresh fruit, vegetables, beverages and soups (menudo, pozole and pancita).", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Most are available in the morning and the evening, as mid-afternoon is the time for the main formal meal of the day.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Mexico has one of the most extensive street food cultures in Latin America, and \"Forbes\" named Mexico City as one of the foremost cities on the world in which to eat on the street.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ Mexican cuisine began 9,000 years ago, 7,000 BCE, when agricultural communities such as the Maya formed, domesticating maize, creating the standard process of corn nixtamalization, and establishing their foodways.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ Successive waves of other Mesoamerican groups, including the Olmec, Teotihuacanos, Toltec, Huastec, Zapotec, Mixtec, Otomi, and Purépecha, brought with them their own cooking methods.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ The Mexica establishment of the Aztec Empire created a multi-ethnic society where many different foodways became infused.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ The staples are native foods, such as corn, beans, squash, amaranth, chia, avocados, tomatoes, tomatillos, chocolate, vanilla, agave, turkey, sweet potato, cactus, and chili pepper.", "Wheat tortilla __knowledge__ A flour tortilla (, ; or wheat tortilla to differentiate it from other uses of the word \"tortilla\", which in Spanish means \"small \"torta\"\", or \"small cake\") is a type of soft, thin flatbread made from finely ground wheat flour from Mexico.", "Wheat tortilla __knowledge__ The wheat flour tortilla was originally derived from the corn tortilla, a bread of maize which predates the arrival of Europeans to the Americas.", "Wheat tortilla __knowledge__ It is made with an unleavened, water based dough, pressed and cooked like corn tortillas.", "Wheat tortilla __knowledge__ In Spanish the word \"tortilla\", without qualification, has different meanings in different regions.", "Wheat tortilla __knowledge__ In Spain it is an omelette; in Mexico and Central America it is a corn tortilla; and in many other places a flour tortilla.", "Corn tortilla __knowledge__ In North America and Central America, a tortilla is a type of thin, unleavened flatbread, made from finely ground maize (corn).", "Corn tortilla __knowledge__ In Guatemala and Mexico, there are three colors of maize dough for making tortillas: white maize, yellow maize and blue maize (or black maize).", "Corn tortilla __knowledge__ A similar bread from South America, called \"arepa\" (though \"arepas\" are typically much thicker than tortillas), predates the arrival of Europeans to America, and was called \"tortilla\" by the Spanish from its resemblance to the traditional Spanish round, unleavened cakes and omelettes (originally made without potatoes, which are native to South America).", "Honduran cuisine __knowledge__ Honduran cuisine is a fusion of indigenous (Lenca) cuisine, Spanish cuisine, Caribbean cuisine and African cuisine.", "Honduran cuisine __knowledge__ There are also dishes from the Garifuna people.", "Honduran cuisine __knowledge__ Coconut and coconut milk are featured in both sweet and savory dishes.", "Honduran cuisine __knowledge__ Regional specialties include fried fish, tamales, carne asada and baleadas.", "Honduran cuisine __knowledge__ Other popular dishes include meat roasted with chismol and carne asada, chicken with rice and corn, and fried fish with pickled onions and jalapeños.", "Honduran cuisine __knowledge__ In the coastal areas and in the Bay Islands, seafood and some meats are prepared in many ways, some of which include coconut milk.", "Honduran cuisine __knowledge__ Among the soups the Hondurans enjoy are bean soup, mondongo soup (tripe soup), seafood soups and beef soups.", "Latin American cuisine __knowledge__ Latin American cuisine is the typical foods, beverages, and cooking styles common to many of the countries and cultures in Latin America.", "Latin American cuisine __knowledge__ Latin America is a highly diverse area of land that holds various cuisines that vary from nation to nation.", "Latin American cuisine __knowledge__ Some items typical of Latin American cuisine include maize-based dishes arepas, pupusas, tacos, tamales, tortillas and various salsas and other condiments (guacamole, pico de gallo, mole, chimichurri, chili, aji, pebre).", "Latin American cuisine __knowledge__ These spices are generally what give the Latin American cuisines a distinct flavor; yet, each country of Latin America tends to use a different spice and those that share spices tend to use them at different quantities.", "Iraq and weapons of mass destruction __knowledge__ Iraq actively researched and later employed weapons of mass destruction from the 1960s to 1991, when it destroyed its chemical weapons stockpile and halted its biological and nuclear weapon programs.", "Iraq and weapons of mass destruction __knowledge__ The fifth president of Iraq, Saddam Hussein, was internationally condemned for his use of chemical weapons during the 1980s campaign against Iranian and Kurdish civilians during and after the Iran–Iraq War.", "Iraq and weapons of mass destruction __knowledge__ In the 1980s, Saddam pursued an extensive biological weapons program and a nuclear weapons program, though no nuclear bomb was built.", "Iraq and weapons of mass destruction __knowledge__ After the Persian Gulf War, the United Nations (with the Iraqi government) located and destroyed large quantities of Iraqi chemical weapons and related equipment and materials, and Iraq ceased both its chemical, biological and nuclear programs.", "Web 2.0 __knowledge__ Web 2.0 refers to World Wide Web websites that emphasize user-generated content, usability (ease of use, even by non-experts), and interoperability (this means that a website can work well with other products, systems, and devices) for end users.", "Web 2.0 __knowledge__ The term was popularized by Tim O'Reilly and Dale Dougherty at the O'Reilly Media Web 2.0 Conference in late 2004, though it was coined by Darcy DiNucci in 1999.", "Web 2.0 __knowledge__ Web 2.0 does not refer to an update to any technical specification, but to changes in the way Web pages are designed and used.", "Web 2.0 __knowledge__ A Web 2.0 website may allow users to interact and collaborate with each other in a social media dialogue as creators of user-generated content in a virtual community, in contrast to the first generation of Web 1.0-era websites where people were limited to the passive viewing of content.", "List of Monster Allergy characters __knowledge__ This is the list of characters from Disney's comic book/animated series Monster Allergy.", "List of Monster Allergy characters __knowledge__ Ezekiel 'Zick' Barrymore \"(Ezechiele Zick in the original Italian version)\" is a fictional character and the male protagonist in the comic book and animated TV series, \"Monster Allergy\".", "List of Monster Allergy characters __knowledge__ In the animated series, he is voiced by Holly Gauthier-Frankel, Monica Ward in Italian, Feodor Atkine in French and Mika Doi in Japanese.", "List of Monster Allergy characters __knowledge__ Zick is a 12-year-old boy who is considered \"strange\" for his ability to see monsters others cannot see.", "List of Monster Allergy characters __knowledge__ He suffers from rather particular allergies that allow him to sense dangerous monsters.", "Pathfinder (novel) __knowledge__ Pathfinder (2010) is a science fiction novel by American author Orson Scott Card, known for his novel, \"Ender's Game\".", "Pathfinder (novel) __knowledge__ This novel tells the story of Rigg, and his unusual ability to perceive the \"paths\" of living things throughout time.", "Pathfinder (novel) __knowledge__ It is the first book in the ongoing Pathfinder series, and is followed by \"Ruins\" and Visitors.", "Pathfinder (novel) __knowledge__ People from Earth have colonized a new planet, giving it the name \"Garden\".", "Pathfinder (novel) __knowledge__ This is accomplished with the assistance of human-like machines known as expendables.", "Pathfinder (novel) __knowledge__ A select few of the colonists have gained unusual abilities, such as the ability to slow down time or the ability to jump forward into time.", "Margaritaville (South Park) __knowledge__ \"Margaritaville\" is the third episode of the thirteenth season of the American animated television series \"South Park\".", "Margaritaville (South Park) __knowledge__ The 184th overall episode of the series, it originally aired on Comedy Central in the United States on March 25, 2009 as an Easter special.", "Margaritaville (South Park) __knowledge__ The episode is a satire and commentary on the global recession affecting much of the industrialized world at the time of the episode's broadcast.", "Margaritaville (South Park) __knowledge__ Kyle is portrayed as a Jesus-like savior working to save the economy, and Stan spends much of the episode trying to return a personal Jimmy Buffett Margaritaville machine.", "Margaritaville (South Park) __knowledge__ The episode was written and directed by series co-founder Trey Parker, and was rated TV-MA L in the United States.", "Jobs (film) __knowledge__ Jobs is a 2013 American biographical drama film inspired by the life of Steve Jobs, from 1974 while a student at Reed College to the introduction of the iPod in 2001.", "Jobs (film) __knowledge__ It is directed by Joshua Michael Stern, written by Matt Whiteley, and produced by Stern and Mark Hulme.", "Jobs (film) __knowledge__ Steve Jobs is portrayed by Ashton Kutcher, with Josh Gad as Apple Computer's co-founder Steve Wozniak.", "Jobs (film) __knowledge__ \"Jobs\" was chosen to close the 2013 Sundance Film Festival.", "Jobs (film) __knowledge__ The film opens in 2001 with a middle-aged Steve Jobs (Ashton Kutcher) introducing the iPod at an Apple Town Hall meeting.", "Jobs (film) __knowledge__ It then flashes back to Reed College in 1974.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo." ] ]

[ 1, 15, 4, 2 ]

[ "Yes, I love that traditional Mexican dish in a tortilla!", "Beef the meat man has been eating since ancient times. ", "Nobody really knows when it precisly started. ", "I like the soft shells. They go so well with all kinds of filling like beef chicken pork and seafood. " ]

[ "Taco", "Taco", "Taco", "Taco" ]

[ "Sewing", "I am cluless. Where do I even start?", "Are sewing machines expensive to buy? Are they hard to use?", "Is there a particular sewing method that is recommended for a novice like me?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing is the craft of fastening or attaching objects using stitches made with a needle and thread.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing is one of the oldest of the textile arts, arising in the Paleolithic era.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Before the invention of spinning yarn or weaving fabric, archaeologists believe Stone Age people across Europe and Asia sewed fur and skin clothing using bone, antler or ivory needles and \"thread\" made of various animal body parts including sinew, catgut, and veins.", "Sewing __knowledge__ For thousands of years, all sewing was done by hand.", "Sewing __knowledge__ The invention of the sewing machine in the 19th century and the rise of computerization in the 20th century led to mass production and export of sewn objects, but hand sewing is still practiced around the world.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Fine hand sewing is a characteristic of high-quality tailoring, haute couture fashion, and custom dressmaking, and is pursued by both textile artists and hobbyists as a means of creative expression.", "Sewing __knowledge__ The first known use of the word \"sewing\" was in the 14th century.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing has an ancient history estimated to begin during the Paleolithic Age.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing was used to stitch together animal hides for clothing and for shelter.", "Sewing __knowledge__ The Inuit, for example, used sinew from caribou for thread and needles made of bone; the indigenous peoples of the American Plains and Canadian Prairies used sophisticated sewing methods to assemble tipi shelters." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing is the craft of fastening or attaching objects using stitches made with a needle and thread.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing is one of the oldest of the textile arts, arising in the Paleolithic era.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Before the invention of spinning yarn or weaving fabric, archaeologists believe Stone Age people across Europe and Asia sewed fur and skin clothing using bone, antler or ivory needles and \"thread\" made of various animal body parts including sinew, catgut, and veins.", "Sewing __knowledge__ For thousands of years, all sewing was done by hand.", "Sewing __knowledge__ The invention of the sewing machine in the 19th century and the rise of computerization in the 20th century led to mass production and export of sewn objects, but hand sewing is still practiced around the world.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Fine hand sewing is a characteristic of high-quality tailoring, haute couture fashion, and custom dressmaking, and is pursued by both textile artists and hobbyists as a means of creative expression.", "Sewing __knowledge__ The first known use of the word \"sewing\" was in the 14th century.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing has an ancient history estimated to begin during the Paleolithic Age.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing was used to stitch together animal hides for clothing and for shelter.", "Sewing __knowledge__ The Inuit, for example, used sinew from caribou for thread and needles made of bone; the indigenous peoples of the American Plains and Canadian Prairies used sophisticated sewing methods to assemble tipi shelters.", "Heritage railways in Kauai __knowledge__ There are two heritage railways in Kauai, the birthplace of Hawaiian railroading.", "Heritage railways in Kauai __knowledge__ It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on January 19, 1979.", "Heritage railways in Kauai __knowledge__ The Grove Farm Sugar Plantation Museum preserved original steam locomotives from the earliest days of rail transport in Kauai, restoring the small-gauge engines without much notice beyond the local community.", "Heritage railways in Kauai __knowledge__ The museum acquired property where historic right-of-ways had run, and found, in the thick vegetation, track beds ready for restoration, allowing the Museum to display their authentic, working locomotives.", "Heritage railways in Kauai __knowledge__ The second heritage railway in Kauai is the Kauai Plantation Railway at Kilohana.", "Even Start Program __knowledge__ The Even Start Program is a federally funded program in the United States that gives families access to training and support to create a literate home environment and enhance the academic achievement of their children.", "Even Start Program __knowledge__ The program was first authorized in 1988, and administration was moved to individual states in 1992.", "Even Start Program __knowledge__ The program aims to: In May 2009, President proposed eliminating the program.", "Even Start Program __knowledge__ As of June 2010, the program is still funded.", "Even Start Program __knowledge__ The components of early childhood are for children that are at least 6 weeks to 3 years of age.", "Even Start Program __knowledge__ The children learn different things according to their age, while parents are attending adult education classes.", "Morgan Taylor Reid __knowledge__ Morgan Taylor Reid (born November 1, 1985) is an American musician, singer-songwriter, recording artist and record producer based in Los Angeles.", "Morgan Taylor Reid __knowledge__ As an artist, Reid's music has been licensed for television including his song \"Brighter\" that was featured in the Season 7 finale of \"Grey's Anatomy\", his song \"Simply Human\" featured on \"House\" (Season 8, Episode 9 FOX) and his song \"Where Do I Even Start?\"", "Morgan Taylor Reid __knowledge__ featured in Season 8, Episode 8 of \"Grey's Anatomy\".", "Morgan Taylor Reid __knowledge__ After being featured on \"Grey's Anatomy\", \"Where Do I Even Start?\"", "Morgan Taylor Reid __knowledge__ reached #74 on the Top 100 Alternative Songs on iTunes.", "Morgan Taylor Reid __knowledge__ As a songwriter and record producer, Reid has worked with several artists including the Backstreet Boys.", "Christophe Martin __knowledge__ Christophe Martin (born 21 February 1975 in Tournai) is a Belgian football goalkeeper who currently plays for R.F.C.", "Christophe Martin __knowledge__ Tournai.", "Christophe Martin __knowledge__ He started Mouscron's first four league matches of the 2006-07 season, but was back on the bench after their 3-1 defeat to K.S.K.", "Christophe Martin __knowledge__ Beveren on 26 August 2006.", "Christophe Martin __knowledge__ With Mouscron:", "David Choi __knowledge__ David Choi (born March 22, 1986) is a Korean-American musician, member of parody K-Pop group BgA and YouTuber based in Los Angeles.", "David Choi __knowledge__ Choi's original songs and pop covers have been heard on NBC, FOX, VH1, MTV, A&E, E!, Travel Channel, Style Network, PBS, Food Network, Disney, as well as in commercials internationally.", "David Choi __knowledge__ He has worked with companies such as Kellogg's, Starburst, the American Cancer Society, General Electric, Samsung, J. C. Penney, and Asian online fashion and beauty retailer YesStyle.", "David Choi __knowledge__ David released his debut album, \"Only You\", in October 2008.", "David Choi __knowledge__ His second album, \"By My Side\", was released on May 19, 2010, and his third album, \"Forever and Ever\" was released on October 25, 2011.", "Early Childhood Education Act __knowledge__ The Early Childhood Education Act is the name of various landmark laws passed by the United States Congress outlining federal programs and funding for childhood education from pre-school through kindergarten.", "Early Childhood Education Act __knowledge__ The first such act was introduced in the United States House of Representatives by Congresswoman Patsy Mink of Hawaii in the 1960s.", "Early Childhood Education Act __knowledge__ The theory behind the act is that the years before a child reaches kindergarten are the most critical to influence learning.", "Early Childhood Education Act __knowledge__ Many children do not have access to early education before entering kindergarten.", "Early Childhood Education Act __knowledge__ The goal of the act is to provide a comprehensive set of services for children from birth until they enter kindergarten.", "Migrant education __knowledge__ Children of migrant workers struggle to achieve the same level of educational success as their peers.", "Migrant education __knowledge__ Relocation causes discontinuity in education, which causes migrant students to progress slowly through school and drop out at high rates.", "Migrant education __knowledge__ Additionally, relocation has negative social consequences on students: isolation from peers due to cultural differences and language barriers.", "Migrant education __knowledge__ Migrant children, defined as those who relocate because of involvement with agriculture-related industries or other seasonal work, are also at a disadvantage because the majority live in extreme poverty and must work with their parents to support their families.", "Glossary of sewing terms __knowledge__ Sewing is the craft of fastening or attaching objects using stitches made with needle and thread.", "Glossary of sewing terms __knowledge__ Sewing is one of the oldest of the textile arts, arising the in Paleolithic Era.", "Glossary of sewing terms __knowledge__ Although usually associated with clothing and household linens, sewing is used in a variety of crafts and industries, including shoemaking, upholstery, sailmaking, bookbinding and the manufacturing of some kinds of sporting goods.", "Glossary of sewing terms __knowledge__ Sewing is the fundamental process underlying a variety of textile arts and crafts, including embroidery, tapestry, quilting, appliqué and patchwork.", "Glossary of sewing terms __knowledge__ 3.", "Glossary of sewing terms __knowledge__ Running stitch:", "Quilting __knowledge__ Quilting is the process of sewing two or more layers of fabric together to make a thicker padded material, usually to create a quilt or quilted garment.", "Quilting __knowledge__ Typically, quilting is done with three layers: the top fabric or quilt top, batting or insulating material and backing material, but many different styles are adopted.", "Quilting __knowledge__ The process of quilting uses a needle and thread to join two or more layers of material to make a quilt.", "Quilting __knowledge__ The quilter's hand or sewing machine passes the needle and thread through all layers and then brings the needle back up.", "Quilting __knowledge__ The process is repeated across the entire area where quilting is wanted.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting is a method by which yarn is manipulated to create a textile or fabric for use in many types of garments.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting creates multiple loops of yarn, called stitches, in a line or tube.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting has multiple active stitches on the needle at one time.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitted fabric consists of a number of consecutive rows of intermeshing of loops.", "Knitting __knowledge__ As each row progresses, a newly created loop is pulled through one or more loops from the prior row, placed on the gaining needle, and the loops from the prior row are then pulled off the other needle.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting may be done by hand or by using a machine.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Different types of yarns (fibre type, texture, and twist), needle sizes, and stitch types may be used to achieve knitted fabrics with different properties (color, texture, weight, heat retention, look, water resistance, and/or integrity).", "Quilt __knowledge__ A quilt is a multi-layered textile, traditionally composed of three layers of fiber: a woven cloth top, a layer of batting or wadding, and a woven back, combined using the technique of quilting, the process of sewing the three layers together.", "Quilt __knowledge__ The pattern of stitching can be the key decorative element if a single piece of fabric is used for the top of a quilt, (a \"wholecloth quilt\"), but in many cases the top is pieced from a patchwork of smaller fabric pieces; and the pattern and color of these pieces will be important to the design.", "Quilt __knowledge__ In the twenty-first century, quilts are frequently displayed as non-utilitarian works of art but historically quilts were often used as bedcovers; and this use persists today.", "Knitted fabric __knowledge__ Knitted fabric is a textile that results from knitting.", "Knitted fabric __knowledge__ Its properties are distinct from woven fabric in that it is more flexible and can be more readily constructed into smaller pieces, making it ideal for socks and hats.", "Knitted fabric __knowledge__ Its properties are distinct from nonwoven fabric in that it is more durable but takes more resources to create, making it suitable for multiple uses.", "Knitted fabric __knowledge__ There are two major varieties of knit fabric: weft-knit and warp-knit fabrics.", "Knitted fabric __knowledge__ Warp-knitted fabrics such as tricot and milanese are resistant to runs, and are commonly used in lingerie.", "Knitted fabric __knowledge__ Weft-knit fabrics are easier to make and more common.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ A sewing machine is a machine used to stitch fabric and other materials together with thread.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ Sewing machines were invented during the first Industrial Revolution to decrease the amount of manual sewing work performed in clothing companies.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ Since the invention of the first working sewing machine, generally considered to have been the work of Englishman Thomas Saint in 1790, the sewing machine has greatly improved the efficiency and productivity of the clothing industry.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ Home sewing machines are designed for one person to sew individual items while using a single stitch type.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ In a modern sewing machine the fabric easily glides in and out of the machine without the inconvenience of needles and thimbles and other such tools used in hand sewing, automating the process of stitching and saving time." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing is the craft of fastening or attaching objects using stitches made with a needle and thread.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing is one of the oldest of the textile arts, arising in the Paleolithic era.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Before the invention of spinning yarn or weaving fabric, archaeologists believe Stone Age people across Europe and Asia sewed fur and skin clothing using bone, antler or ivory needles and \"thread\" made of various animal body parts including sinew, catgut, and veins.", "Sewing __knowledge__ For thousands of years, all sewing was done by hand.", "Sewing __knowledge__ The invention of the sewing machine in the 19th century and the rise of computerization in the 20th century led to mass production and export of sewn objects, but hand sewing is still practiced around the world.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Fine hand sewing is a characteristic of high-quality tailoring, haute couture fashion, and custom dressmaking, and is pursued by both textile artists and hobbyists as a means of creative expression.", "Sewing __knowledge__ The first known use of the word \"sewing\" was in the 14th century.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing has an ancient history estimated to begin during the Paleolithic Age.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing was used to stitch together animal hides for clothing and for shelter.", "Sewing __knowledge__ The Inuit, for example, used sinew from caribou for thread and needles made of bone; the indigenous peoples of the American Plains and Canadian Prairies used sophisticated sewing methods to assemble tipi shelters.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ A sewing machine is a machine used to stitch fabric and other materials together with thread.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ Sewing machines were invented during the first Industrial Revolution to decrease the amount of manual sewing work performed in clothing companies.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ Since the invention of the first working sewing machine, generally considered to have been the work of Englishman Thomas Saint in 1790, the sewing machine has greatly improved the efficiency and productivity of the clothing industry.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ Home sewing machines are designed for one person to sew individual items while using a single stitch type.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ In a modern sewing machine the fabric easily glides in and out of the machine without the inconvenience of needles and thimbles and other such tools used in hand sewing, automating the process of stitching and saving time.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The economic history of the United States is about characteristics of and important developments in the U.S. economy from colonial times to the present.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The emphasis is on economic performance and how it was affected by new technologies, the change of size in economic sectors and the effects of legislation and government policy.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ Specialized business history is covered in American business history.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The colonial economy differed significantly from that of most other regions in that land and natural resources were abundant in America but labor was scarce.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ From 1700 to 1775 the output of the thirteen colonies increased 12 fold, giving the colonies an economy about 30% the size of Britain's at the time of independence.", "Singer Corporation __knowledge__ Singer Corporation is an American manufacturer of sewing machines, first established as I. M. Singer & Co. in 1851 by Isaac Merritt Singer with New York lawyer Edward Clark.", "Singer Corporation __knowledge__ Best known for its sewing machines, it was renamed Singer Manufacturing Company in 1865, then The Singer Company in 1963.", "Singer Corporation __knowledge__ It is based in La Vergne, Tennessee, near Nashville.", "Singer Corporation __knowledge__ Its first large factory for mass production was built in Elizabeth, New Jersey, in 1863.", "Singer Corporation __knowledge__ Singer’s original design, which was the first practical sewing machine for general domestic use, incorporated the basic eye-pointed needle and lock stitch developed by Elias Howe, who won a patent-infringement suit against Singer in 1854.", "Merrow Sewing Machine Company __knowledge__ The Merrow Sewing Machine Company, best known for inventing the overlock sewing machine is a manufacturer of sewing machines.", "Merrow Sewing Machine Company __knowledge__ After the explosion of his gunpowder mill in 1837, in 1838 J.M.", "Merrow Sewing Machine Company __knowledge__ Merrow built a knitting mill on the same site.", "Merrow Sewing Machine Company __knowledge__ The company developed crocheting machines for its own use and by 1887 evolved to design, build and market sewing machines exclusively.", "Merrow Sewing Machine Company __knowledge__ During its early decades it was organized as a partnership under various names: established in 1838 as Joseph M. Merrow & Sons by J. Makens Merrow, then Pitkin, Merrow, & Co., renamed Merrow Manufacturing Co. in 1857, then Merrow and Millard in 1863, J.B. Merrow and Sons in 1870, and incorporated as The Merrow Manufacturing Company in 1893.", "Singer Model 27 and 127 __knowledge__ The Singer Model 27 and later model 127 were a series of lockstitch sewing machines produced by the Singer Manufacturing Company from the 1880s to the 1960s.", "Singer Model 27 and 127 __knowledge__ (The 27 and the 127 were full-size versions of the Singer 28 and later model 128 which were three-quarter size).", "Singer Model 27 and 127 __knowledge__ They were Singer's first sewing machines to make use of \"vibrating shuttle\" technology.", "Singer Model 27 and 127 __knowledge__ Millions were produced.", "Singer Model 27 and 127 __knowledge__ They are all steel and were built before the advent of planned obsolescence, and so they were designed to be repaired rather than replaced.", "Singer Model 27 and 127 __knowledge__ Consequently many remain today, some in collections and others still in service.", "Bernina International __knowledge__ Bernina International AG is a privately owned international manufacturer of sewing and embroidery systems.", "Bernina International __knowledge__ The company was founded in 1893 in Steckborn, Switzerland, by a Swiss inventor Fritz Gegauf.", "Bernina International __knowledge__ The company develops, manufactures and sells goods and services for the textile market, primarily household sewing-related products in the fields of embroidery, quilting, home textiles, garment sewing and crafting.", "Bernina International __knowledge__ The origins of the company lie in the invention of the hemstitch sewing machine, invented in 1893 by a Swiss inventor and entrepreneur Karl Friedrich Gegauf.", "Bernina International __knowledge__ Currently, the company's products include sewing machines, embroidery machines, serger/overlocker machines, and computer software for embroidery design.", "Longarm quilting __knowledge__ Longarm quilting is the process by which a longarm sewing machine is used to sew together a quilt top, quilt batting and quilt backing into a finished quilt.", "Longarm quilting __knowledge__ The longarm sewing machine frame typically ranges from 10 to 14 feet in length (or, 3metres to 4.25 metres).", "Longarm quilting __knowledge__ A complete longarming system typically consists of an industrial length sewing machine head (19 - 30 inches,) a 10 to 14-foot frame, a table with a layer of plastic under which is placed a pantograph, and several rollers on which the fabric layers and batting are attached.", "Longarm quilting __knowledge__ Quilting using a longarm machine can take significantly less time than hand quilting or more traditional machine quilting." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing is the craft of fastening or attaching objects using stitches made with a needle and thread.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing is one of the oldest of the textile arts, arising in the Paleolithic era.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Before the invention of spinning yarn or weaving fabric, archaeologists believe Stone Age people across Europe and Asia sewed fur and skin clothing using bone, antler or ivory needles and \"thread\" made of various animal body parts including sinew, catgut, and veins.", "Sewing __knowledge__ For thousands of years, all sewing was done by hand.", "Sewing __knowledge__ The invention of the sewing machine in the 19th century and the rise of computerization in the 20th century led to mass production and export of sewn objects, but hand sewing is still practiced around the world.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Fine hand sewing is a characteristic of high-quality tailoring, haute couture fashion, and custom dressmaking, and is pursued by both textile artists and hobbyists as a means of creative expression.", "Sewing __knowledge__ The first known use of the word \"sewing\" was in the 14th century.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing has an ancient history estimated to begin during the Paleolithic Age.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing was used to stitch together animal hides for clothing and for shelter.", "Sewing __knowledge__ The Inuit, for example, used sinew from caribou for thread and needles made of bone; the indigenous peoples of the American Plains and Canadian Prairies used sophisticated sewing methods to assemble tipi shelters.", "Long-stitch bookbinding __knowledge__ Longstitch is a bookbinding technique used for sewing together the sections of a book.", "Long-stitch bookbinding __knowledge__ There are different forms of longstitch sewings.", "Long-stitch bookbinding __knowledge__ Longstitch binding does not require glue, though there are methods that utilize glue.", "Long-stitch bookbinding __knowledge__ In his book \"Non Adhesive Bindings,\" Keith Smith describes the \"Longstitch through a slotted cover\" and it involves sewing each section directly through the cover where slots have been made at each sewing station.", "Long-stitch bookbinding __knowledge__ This sewing method creates a staggered line pattern visible on the spine.", "Long-stitch bookbinding __knowledge__ Keith Smith indicates that this type of longstitch was used as early as the 18th century in some parts of Europe, and possibly earlier.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ A sewing machine is a machine used to stitch fabric and other materials together with thread.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ Sewing machines were invented during the first Industrial Revolution to decrease the amount of manual sewing work performed in clothing companies.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ Since the invention of the first working sewing machine, generally considered to have been the work of Englishman Thomas Saint in 1790, the sewing machine has greatly improved the efficiency and productivity of the clothing industry.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ Home sewing machines are designed for one person to sew individual items while using a single stitch type.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ In a modern sewing machine the fabric easily glides in and out of the machine without the inconvenience of needles and thimbles and other such tools used in hand sewing, automating the process of stitching and saving time.", "John Pérez __knowledge__ John A. Pérez (born September 28, 1969) is an American union organizer and politician from Los Angeles, California.", "John Pérez __knowledge__ He is a Regent of the University of California, and was the Speaker of the California State Assembly from March 1, 2010 to May 12, 2014.", "John Pérez __knowledge__ A Democrat, he represented the 53rd district in the California State Assembly.", "John Pérez __knowledge__ On October 9, 2013, Pérez announced his candidacy for State Controller.", "John Pérez __knowledge__ Pérez finished third in the election, trailing Betty Yee by 481 votes.", "John Pérez __knowledge__ After initially calling for a recount in 15 California counties, Pérez ultimately conceded to Yee more than a month after the election.", "Hanbok __knowledge__ Hanbok (South Korea) or Joseon-oth (North Korea) is the representative example of traditional Korean dress.", "Hanbok __knowledge__ It is characterized by vibrant colors and simple lines without pockets.", "Hanbok __knowledge__ Although the term literally means \"Korean clothing\", hanbok usually refers specifically to clothing of the Joseon period and is worn as semi-formal or formal wear during traditional festivals and celebrations.", "Hanbok __knowledge__ Korea had a dual clothing tradition in which rulers and aristocrats adopted different kinds of mixed foreign-influenced indigenous styles while commoners preserved a distinct style of indigenous clothing, today known as hanbok.", "Quilting __knowledge__ Quilting is the process of sewing two or more layers of fabric together to make a thicker padded material, usually to create a quilt or quilted garment.", "Quilting __knowledge__ Typically, quilting is done with three layers: the top fabric or quilt top, batting or insulating material and backing material, but many different styles are adopted.", "Quilting __knowledge__ The process of quilting uses a needle and thread to join two or more layers of material to make a quilt.", "Quilting __knowledge__ The quilter's hand or sewing machine passes the needle and thread through all layers and then brings the needle back up.", "Quilting __knowledge__ The process is repeated across the entire area where quilting is wanted.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The economic history of the United States is about characteristics of and important developments in the U.S. economy from colonial times to the present.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The emphasis is on economic performance and how it was affected by new technologies, the change of size in economic sectors and the effects of legislation and government policy.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ Specialized business history is covered in American business history.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The colonial economy differed significantly from that of most other regions in that land and natural resources were abundant in America but labor was scarce.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ From 1700 to 1775 the output of the thirteen colonies increased 12 fold, giving the colonies an economy about 30% the size of Britain's at the time of independence.", "Charles Sew Hoy __knowledge__ Choie Sew Hoy () (1836–1901) also known as Charles Sew Hoy (Xu Zhaokai in Pinyin) was a notable New Zealand merchant, Chinese leader and gold-dredger.", "Charles Sew Hoy __knowledge__ He was born in Guangdong Province, China in about 1838.", "Charles Sew Hoy __knowledge__ Choie Sew Hoy was the eldest of four sons of Choie Bing Sum, a farmer in the village of Sha Kong (Altar Hill),in the Upper Poon Yu (Panyu) district of Canton (Guangdong) Province, China.", "Charles Sew Hoy __knowledge__ Because of war, famine and poverty, some families in Canton Province used their access to the international ports Canton (Guangzhou) and Hong Kong to send young men overseas to work.", "Charles Sew Hoy __knowledge__ In the second half of the 19th Century, these men formed a living chain of migrant labourers.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Yup'ik clothing (Yup'ik \"aturaq\" \"aturak\" \"aturat\" , \"aklu\", \"akluq\", \"un’u\" ; also, \"piluguk\" in Unaliq-Pastuliq dialect, \"aklu\", \"cangssagar\", \"un’u\" in Nunivak dialect) refers to the traditional Eskimo-style clothing worn by the Yupik people of southwestern Alaska.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Also known as Cup'ik clothing for the Chevak Cup'ik-speaking people of Chevak and Cup'ig clothing for the Nunivak Cup'ig-speaking people of Nunivak Island.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ The traditional clothing system developed and used by the Eskimo peoples is the most effective cold weather clothing developed to date.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Yup'ik women made clothes and footwear from animal skins (especially hide and fur of marine and land mammals for fur clothing, sometimes birds, also fish), sewn together using needles made from animal bones, walrus ivory, and bird bones such as front part of a crane's foot and threads made from other animal products, such as sinew.", "Longarm quilting __knowledge__ Longarm quilting is the process by which a longarm sewing machine is used to sew together a quilt top, quilt batting and quilt backing into a finished quilt.", "Longarm quilting __knowledge__ The longarm sewing machine frame typically ranges from 10 to 14 feet in length (or, 3metres to 4.25 metres).", "Longarm quilting __knowledge__ A complete longarming system typically consists of an industrial length sewing machine head (19 - 30 inches,) a 10 to 14-foot frame, a table with a layer of plastic under which is placed a pantograph, and several rollers on which the fabric layers and batting are attached.", "Longarm quilting __knowledge__ Quilting using a longarm machine can take significantly less time than hand quilting or more traditional machine quilting.", "Machine embroidery __knowledge__ Machine embroidery is an embroidery process whereby a sewing machine or embroidery machine is used to create patterns on textiles.", "Machine embroidery __knowledge__ It is used commercially in product branding, corporate advertising, and uniform adornment.", "Machine embroidery __knowledge__ It is also used in the fashion industry to decorate garments and apparel.", "Machine embroidery __knowledge__ Machine embroidery is used by hobbyists and crafters to decorate gifts, clothing, and home decor.", "Machine embroidery __knowledge__ Examples include designs on quilts, pillows, and wall hangings.", "Machine embroidery __knowledge__ There are multiple types of machine embroidery.", "Machine embroidery __knowledge__ Free-motion sewing machine embroidery uses a basic zigzag sewing machine.", "Machine embroidery __knowledge__ Designs are done manually." ] ]

[ 1, 5, 14, 4 ]

[ "I like sewing a lot. It is the craft of fastening and attaching objects using stitches! Do you know how to sow?", "I'll start with the invention of the sewing machine in the 19th century. Before then it was all about hand sewing but sewing machines have drastically improved the process of sewing.", "It's not that expensive any more. It may be a hard to use at first but given that it's designed for one person to sew items individually, it is a lot easier to sew than hand sewing.", "Definitely as a beginner, I would recommend to hand sew with a needle and a thread. It has been done this way for thousands of years before. Once you have more experience, you should move into the sewing machines and maybe even quiliting!" ]

[ "Sewing", "Sewing", "Sewing", "Sewing" ]

[ "Appletini", "I don't believe I ever have but I no longer enjoy alcohol. Does it taste like an apple? ", "That's good to know! I'm always on the lookout for virgin drinks when I go out to eat. I would definitely prefer the apple cider.", "I will have to look that up. I was on Pinterest the other day looking for non alcoholic drink recipes just in case I entertain or have guests over. " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Appletini __knowledge__ An Apple martini (Appletini for short) is a cocktail containing vodka and one or more of apple juice, apple cider, apple liqueur, or apple brandy.", "Appletini __knowledge__ This drink, properly called an Adam's Apple Martini, was created in 1996 at Lola's West Hollywood restaurant.", "Appletini __knowledge__ In its purest form, it would contain: Typically, the ingredients are shaken or stirred and then strained into a cocktail glass.", "Appletini __knowledge__ A sweet and sour mix can also be added before shaking.", "Appletini __knowledge__ Optionally, vermouth may be included, as in a regular martini.", "Appletini __knowledge__ A common variation of the appletini is the \"Rumpletini\", with a light rum in place of the vodka.", "Appletini __knowledge__ A similar cocktail can be made with Martini Bianco white vermouth and apple juice in a long drink glass filled with ice." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Appletini __knowledge__ An Apple martini (Appletini for short) is a cocktail containing vodka and one or more of apple juice, apple cider, apple liqueur, or apple brandy.", "Appletini __knowledge__ This drink, properly called an Adam's Apple Martini, was created in 1996 at Lola's West Hollywood restaurant.", "Appletini __knowledge__ In its purest form, it would contain: Typically, the ingredients are shaken or stirred and then strained into a cocktail glass.", "Appletini __knowledge__ A sweet and sour mix can also be added before shaking.", "Appletini __knowledge__ Optionally, vermouth may be included, as in a regular martini.", "Appletini __knowledge__ A common variation of the appletini is the \"Rumpletini\", with a light rum in place of the vodka.", "Appletini __knowledge__ A similar cocktail can be made with Martini Bianco white vermouth and apple juice in a long drink glass filled with ice.", "Cider __knowledge__ Cider ( ), hard apple cider, or hard cider in the US, is an alcoholic beverage made from the fermented juice of apples.", "Cider __knowledge__ Cider is popular in the United Kingdom, especially in the West Country, and widely available.", "Cider __knowledge__ The UK has the world's highest per capita consumption, as well as its largest cider-producing companies.", "Cider __knowledge__ Cider is also popular in many Commonwealth countries, such as Canada, Australia, and New Zealand.", "Cider __knowledge__ Aside from the UK and its former colonies, cider is popular in other European countries including Ireland, Portugal (mainly in Minho and Madeira), France (particularly Brittany and Normandy), northern Italy (Piedmont and Friuli), and Spain (especially Asturias and the Basque Country).", "Alcohol in New France __knowledge__ The history of New France as a colonial space is inextricably linked to the trade and commerce of alcohol.", "Alcohol in New France __knowledge__ Whether it is the use of brandy as a commodity in the fur trade, the local consumption of spirits and beer by the colonists at home and in the \"cabarets\", or the wine used in religious ceremonies, its presence was ubiquitous and was one of the staples of the economy.", "Alcohol in New France __knowledge__ The King, Sovereign Council, and ecclesiastics were very concerned over the commerce of this substance and took several measures to regulate the trade over the course of the colonies' existence.", "Alcohol in New France __knowledge__ From the very first arrivals, French explorers and settlers of Canada observed with great interest the grapes they found growing natively in the Saint Lawrence Valley, often in the hope of producing wine with them.", "Cupcakes Taste Like Violence __knowledge__ Cupcakes Taste Like Violence is the second EP by American singer, songwriter, Jeffree Star.", "Cupcakes Taste Like Violence __knowledge__ It was released on December 9, 2008, and was the first record to be released under Popsicle Records through Warner Music's Independent Label Group.", "Cupcakes Taste Like Violence __knowledge__ The first single \"Lollipop Luxury\", was released on November 18, 2008.", "Cupcakes Taste Like Violence __knowledge__ After announcing in 2007 that recording was underway for his first studio album, \"Beauty Killer\", Star embarked on his first headlining tour.", "Cupcakes Taste Like Violence __knowledge__ While on tour, he performed songs written for inclusion on the record, including \"Cupcakes Taste like Violence\" and a cover of Rockwell's \"Somebody's Watching Me\".", "Moonshine by country __knowledge__ Moonshine is a generic term for distilled alcoholic beverages made throughout the globe from indigenous ingredients reflecting the customs, tastes, and raw materials for fermentation available in each region.", "Moonshine by country __knowledge__ The term commonly applies to small-scale production, which is often illegal or tightly regulated in many countries.", "Moonshine by country __knowledge__ Zarbali is a moonshine still, a type of distilled alcoholic beverage supposedly made from fermented raisins.", "Moonshine by country __knowledge__ In Albania, moonshine (Raki) is the primary alcoholic beverage consumed on daily basis.", "Moonshine by country __knowledge__ It is made from different fruits, usually grapes, but also plums, apples, blackberries, and walnuts.", "Cider in the United States __knowledge__ In the United States, the definition of \"cider\" is usually more broad than in Europe, specifically Ireland and the UK.", "Cider in the United States __knowledge__ There are two types: one being the traditional fermented product, called \"hard cider\", and the second \"sweet\" or \"soft cider\".", "Cider in the United States __knowledge__ The history of cider in the United States is very closely tied to the history of apple growing in the country.", "Cider in the United States __knowledge__ Most of the 17th- and 18th-century emigrants to America from the British Isles drank hard cider and its variants: water was not a trusted source of hydration and so beer, ale, fruit brandy, and cider were used as more sanitary substitutes.", "Cider in the United States __knowledge__ Apples were one of the earliest known crops in the English-speaking New World; ships' manifests show young saplings being carefully planted in barrels and many hopeful farmers bringing bags of seed with them, with the first settlers headed to what is now the Southeast.", "Discworld gods __knowledge__ The Discworld gods are the fictional deities from Terry Pratchett's \"Discworld\" series of fantasy novels.", "Discworld gods __knowledge__ The Discworld, being a flat disc supported on the backs of four elephants on top of a giant flying turtle, exists in a region of the universe where reality is somewhat less consistent than it appears in our own, more mundane corner of existence.", "Discworld gods __knowledge__ Because reality on the Disc is so fragile and malleable, belief has a tendency to take on a life of its own, and gods are far more obvious to the people of the Disc than they appear to us.", "Discworld gods __knowledge__ Gods are everywhere on the Discworld, a crucial element of the world's peculiar ecology that gives power to belief and demands resolution to any and all narratives.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Apple Inc. is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Cupertino, California that designs, develops, and sells consumer electronics, computer software, and online services.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ The company's hardware products include the iPhone smartphone, the iPad tablet computer, the Mac personal computer, the iPod portable media player, the Apple Watch smartwatch, the Apple TV digital media player, and the HomePod smart speaker.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Apple's software includes the macOS and iOS operating systems, the iTunes media player, the Safari web browser, and the iLife and iWork creativity and productivity suites, as well as professional applications like Final Cut Pro, Logic Pro, or Xcode.", "Martini (cocktail) __knowledge__ The martini is a cocktail made with gin and vermouth, and garnished with an olive or a lemon twist.", "Martini (cocktail) __knowledge__ Over the years, the martini has become one of the best-known mixed alcoholic beverages.", "Martini (cocktail) __knowledge__ H. L. Mencken called the martini \"the only American invention as perfect as the sonnet\" and E. B.", "Martini (cocktail) __knowledge__ White called it \"the elixir of quietude\".", "Martini (cocktail) __knowledge__ By 1922 the Martini reached its most recognizable form in which London dry gin and dry vermouth are combined at a ratio of 2:1, stirred in a mixing glass with ice cubes, with the optional addition of orange or aromatic bitters, then strained into a chilled cocktail glass.", "Martini (cocktail) __knowledge__ Over time the generally expected garnish became the drinker's choice of a green olive or a twist of lemon peel.", "Prediction of volcanic activity __knowledge__ Prediction of volcanic eruption (also: \"volcanic eruption forecasting\") is an interdisciplinary monitoring and research effort to predict the time and severity of a volcano's eruption.", "Prediction of volcanic activity __knowledge__ Of particular importance is the prediction of hazardous eruptions that could lead to catastrophic loss of life, property, and disruption of human activities.", "Prediction of volcanic activity __knowledge__ Patterns of seismicity are complex and often difficult to interpret; however, increasing seismic activity is a good indicator of increasing eruption risk, especially if long-period events become dominant and episodes of harmonic tremor appear.", "Prediction of volcanic activity __knowledge__ Using a similar method, researchers can detect volcanic eruptions by monitoring infra-sound—sub-audible sound below 20 Hz.", "MV Eilean Dhiura __knowledge__ MV \"Eilean Dhiura\" is a vehicle ferry operating across the Sound of Islay.", "MV Eilean Dhiura __knowledge__ \"Eilean Dhiura\" was commissioned by Argyll and Bute Council in 1998, to replace Western Ferries as the Jura Ferry.", "MV Eilean Dhiura __knowledge__ She was operated initially by Serco Denholm until 2003, now by ASP Ship Management Ltd.", "MV Eilean Dhiura __knowledge__ In December 2000, her bow ramp collapsed while at sea.", "MV Eilean Dhiura __knowledge__ Following this, the MCA required a secondary door to be fitted behind the bow door.", "MV Eilean Dhiura __knowledge__ A bid by the council for money to replace her was unsuccessful.. A new bow ramp was fitted in 2002.", "MV Eilean Dhiura __knowledge__ \"Eilean Dhiura\" is an open landing craft type ferry, with bow and stern ramps.", "MV Eilean Dhiura __knowledge__ Her slim bridge allows vehicles to drive through.", "Apple II series __knowledge__ The Apple II series (trademarked with square brackets as \"Apple ][\" and rendered on later models as \"Apple //\") is a family of home computers, one of the first highly successful mass-produced text command microcomputer products, designed primarily by Steve Wozniak, manufactured by Apple Computer (now Apple Inc.) and introduced in 1977 with the original Apple II.", "Apple II series __knowledge__ In terms of ease of use, features and expandability, the Apple II was a major technological advancement over its predecessor, the Apple I, a limited-production bare circuit board computer for electronics hobbyists that pioneered many features that made the Apple II a commercial success.", "Un medico in famiglia __knowledge__ Un medico in famiglia (English: \"A doctor in the family\") is an Italian television series, based on the format of the Spanish series of Telecinco \"Médico de familia\", produced by Publispei and Rai Fiction, aired on Rai 1 from 6 December 1998.", "Un medico in famiglia __knowledge__ The series tells the story of the Martini family, which initially, as in the Spanish series, consisted of a widow doctor with three children, his father, his sister-in-law, his colf, his friend and hospital employees.", "Un medico in famiglia __knowledge__ With the passing of seasons and the continuous change of cast, family core, has undergone profound changes.", "Un medico in famiglia __knowledge__ \"Un medico in famiglia\" has achieved good public success since the first season; In the first few seasons he reached 10 million viewers, entering the pinnacle of the most successful Italian fiction.", "Cocktail glass __knowledge__ A cocktail glass is a stemmed glass with an inverted cone bowl, mainly used to serve straight-up cocktails.", "Cocktail glass __knowledge__ The term cocktail glass is often used interchangeably with martini glass, despite them differing slightly.", "Cocktail glass __knowledge__ Today, the drink is used to serve a variety of cocktails, such as the Martini and its variations (French Martini, Vodka Martini, Espresso Martini, Appletini), Manhattan, Brandy Alexander, Pisco Sour, Negroni, Cosmopolitan, Gimlet, and the Grasshopper.", "Cocktail glass __knowledge__ Invented in the late 19th century, its form derives from the fact that all cocktails are traditionally served chilled and contain an aromatic element." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Appletini __knowledge__ An Apple martini (Appletini for short) is a cocktail containing vodka and one or more of apple juice, apple cider, apple liqueur, or apple brandy.", "Appletini __knowledge__ This drink, properly called an Adam's Apple Martini, was created in 1996 at Lola's West Hollywood restaurant.", "Appletini __knowledge__ In its purest form, it would contain: Typically, the ingredients are shaken or stirred and then strained into a cocktail glass.", "Appletini __knowledge__ A sweet and sour mix can also be added before shaking.", "Appletini __knowledge__ Optionally, vermouth may be included, as in a regular martini.", "Appletini __knowledge__ A common variation of the appletini is the \"Rumpletini\", with a light rum in place of the vodka.", "Appletini __knowledge__ A similar cocktail can be made with Martini Bianco white vermouth and apple juice in a long drink glass filled with ice.", "Cider __knowledge__ Cider ( ), hard apple cider, or hard cider in the US, is an alcoholic beverage made from the fermented juice of apples.", "Cider __knowledge__ Cider is popular in the United Kingdom, especially in the West Country, and widely available.", "Cider __knowledge__ The UK has the world's highest per capita consumption, as well as its largest cider-producing companies.", "Cider __knowledge__ Cider is also popular in many Commonwealth countries, such as Canada, Australia, and New Zealand.", "Cider __knowledge__ Aside from the UK and its former colonies, cider is popular in other European countries including Ireland, Portugal (mainly in Minho and Madeira), France (particularly Brittany and Normandy), northern Italy (Piedmont and Friuli), and Spain (especially Asturias and the Basque Country).", "Apple cider __knowledge__ Apple cider (also called sweet cider or soft cider or simply cider) is the name used in the United States and parts of Canada for an unfiltered, unsweetened, non-alcoholic beverage made from apples.", "Apple cider __knowledge__ Though typically referred to simply as \"cider\" in those areas, it is not to be confused with the alcoholic beverage known as cider throughout most of the world, called hard cider (or just cider) in North America.", "Apple cider __knowledge__ Once widely pressed at farmsteads and local mills, apple cider is now easy and inexpensive to make.", "Apple cider __knowledge__ It is typically opaque due to fine apple particles in suspension and generally tangier than conventional filtered apple juice, depending on the apples used.", "Cider in the United States __knowledge__ In the United States, the definition of \"cider\" is usually more broad than in Europe, specifically Ireland and the UK.", "Cider in the United States __knowledge__ There are two types: one being the traditional fermented product, called \"hard cider\", and the second \"sweet\" or \"soft cider\".", "Cider in the United States __knowledge__ The history of cider in the United States is very closely tied to the history of apple growing in the country.", "Cider in the United States __knowledge__ Most of the 17th- and 18th-century emigrants to America from the British Isles drank hard cider and its variants: water was not a trusted source of hydration and so beer, ale, fruit brandy, and cider were used as more sanitary substitutes.", "Cider in the United States __knowledge__ Apples were one of the earliest known crops in the English-speaking New World; ships' manifests show young saplings being carefully planted in barrels and many hopeful farmers bringing bags of seed with them, with the first settlers headed to what is now the Southeast.", "Cider in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Cider in the United Kingdom is widely available at pubs, off licences, and grocery stores.", "Cider in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ It has been made in regions of the country where cider apples were grown since Roman times; in those regions it is intertwined with local culture.", "Cider in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The UK is the major producer of cider in the EU and has enjoyed a renaissance in the 21st century with a greater diversity of producers, brands and consumers than ever before.", "Cider in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Since the early Roman era, dessert and cider apples had been spreading out of the Mediterranean and naturally would have eventually been brought to Gaul, a province of the Roman Empire after the defeat of Vercingetorix in 46 BC by Caesar, and Franconia, parts of which would have formed Magna Germania.", "Virgin Drinks __knowledge__ Virgin Drinks was a subsidiary of the Virgin Group owned by Richard Branson.", "Virgin Drinks __knowledge__ It marketed Virgin Cola and Virgin Vodka.", "Virgin Drinks __knowledge__ The company is started in 1994 in-conjunction with Cott to oversee and manage the product of Virgin Cola, Virgin's first-ever drink.", "Virgin Drinks __knowledge__ The company first based in Folkestone, Kent, in the United Kingdom.", "Virgin Drinks __knowledge__ Virgin Cola launched in early 1994.", "Virgin Drinks __knowledge__ The drink had big enough success to the extent for Virgin Drinks to later go onto produce Virgin Vodka to add to their portfolio.", "Virgin Drinks __knowledge__ The company has previously also tried to market a range of beverages in the same functional energy class as Red Bull and Red Devil.", "Apple cider cookie __knowledge__ An apple cider cookie is a cookie that is prepared and flavored with apple cider.", "Apple cider cookie __knowledge__ Some versions use apple cider in the cookie dough, while others have a glaze or icing prepared with apple cider.", "Apple cider cookie __knowledge__ Some apple cider cookies use apple cider in both the cookie dough and glaze or icing.", "Apple cider cookie __knowledge__ Typical ingredients include apple cider, flour, sugar or brown sugar, vegetable oil or butter, spices and baking soda.", "Apple cider cookie __knowledge__ Additional ingredients may include apple butter, applesauce, chopped or dried apples, nuts and dates.", "Apple cider cookie __knowledge__ Vegan varieties of the apple cider cookie exist.", "Drink __knowledge__ A drink or beverage is a liquid intended for human consumption.", "Drink __knowledge__ In addition to their basic function of satisfying thirst, drinks play important roles in human culture.", "Drink __knowledge__ Common types of drinks include plain water, milk, juices, coffee, tea, and soft drinks.", "Drink __knowledge__ In addition, alcoholic drinks such as wine, beer, and liquor, which contain the drug ethanol, have been part of human culture and development for 8,000 years.", "Drink __knowledge__ Non-alcoholic drinks often signify drinks that would normally contain alcohol, such as beer and wine, but are made with less than .5 percent alcohol by volume.", "Drink __knowledge__ The category includes drinks that have undergone an alcohol removal process such as non-alcoholic beers and de-alcoholized wines.", "Apple juice __knowledge__ Apple juice is a fruit juice made by the maceration and pressing of an apple.", "Apple juice __knowledge__ The resulting expelled juice may be further treated by enzymatic and centrifugal clarification to remove the starch and pectin, which holds fine particulate in suspension, and then pasteurized for packaging in glass, metal or aseptic processing system containers, or further treated by dehydration processes to a concentrate.", "Apple juice __knowledge__ Due to the complex and costly equipment required to extract and clarify juice from apples in large volume, apple juice is normally produced commercially.", "Apple juice __knowledge__ In the United States, unfiltered fresh apple juice is made by smaller operations in areas of high apple production, in the form of unclarified apple cider.", "Moonshine by country __knowledge__ Moonshine is a generic term for distilled alcoholic beverages made throughout the globe from indigenous ingredients reflecting the customs, tastes, and raw materials for fermentation available in each region.", "Moonshine by country __knowledge__ The term commonly applies to small-scale production, which is often illegal or tightly regulated in many countries.", "Moonshine by country __knowledge__ Zarbali is a moonshine still, a type of distilled alcoholic beverage supposedly made from fermented raisins.", "Moonshine by country __knowledge__ In Albania, moonshine (Raki) is the primary alcoholic beverage consumed on daily basis.", "Moonshine by country __knowledge__ It is made from different fruits, usually grapes, but also plums, apples, blackberries, and walnuts.", "Apple __knowledge__ The apple tree (\"Malus pumila\", commonly and erroneously called \"Malus domestica\") is a deciduous tree in the rose family best known for its sweet, pomaceous fruit, the apple.", "Apple __knowledge__ It is cultivated worldwide as a fruit tree, and is the most widely grown species in the genus \"Malus\".", "Apple __knowledge__ The tree originated in Central Asia, where its wild ancestor, \"Malus sieversii\", is still found today.", "Apple __knowledge__ Apples have been grown for thousands of years in Asia and Europe, and were brought to North America by European colonists.", "Apple __knowledge__ Apples have religious and mythological significance in many cultures, including Norse, Greek and European Christian traditions." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Appletini __knowledge__ An Apple martini (Appletini for short) is a cocktail containing vodka and one or more of apple juice, apple cider, apple liqueur, or apple brandy.", "Appletini __knowledge__ This drink, properly called an Adam's Apple Martini, was created in 1996 at Lola's West Hollywood restaurant.", "Appletini __knowledge__ In its purest form, it would contain: Typically, the ingredients are shaken or stirred and then strained into a cocktail glass.", "Appletini __knowledge__ A sweet and sour mix can also be added before shaking.", "Appletini __knowledge__ Optionally, vermouth may be included, as in a regular martini.", "Appletini __knowledge__ A common variation of the appletini is the \"Rumpletini\", with a light rum in place of the vodka.", "Appletini __knowledge__ A similar cocktail can be made with Martini Bianco white vermouth and apple juice in a long drink glass filled with ice.", "Pinterest __knowledge__ Pinterest is a web and mobile application company that operates a software system designed to discover information on the World Wide Web, mainly using images and on a shorter scale, GIFs and videos.", "Pinterest __knowledge__ The site was founded by Ben Silbermann, Paul Sciarra and Evan Sharp.", "Pinterest __knowledge__ Pinterest CEO Ben Silbermann summarized the company as a \"catalogue of ideas\" that inspires users to \"go out and do that thing\", rather than as an image-based social network.", "Pinterest __knowledge__ Development of Pinterest began in December 2009, and the site launched as a closed beta in March 2010.", "Pinterest __knowledge__ The site proceeded to operate in invitation-only open beta.", "Drink __knowledge__ A drink or beverage is a liquid intended for human consumption.", "Drink __knowledge__ In addition to their basic function of satisfying thirst, drinks play important roles in human culture.", "Drink __knowledge__ Common types of drinks include plain water, milk, juices, coffee, tea, and soft drinks.", "Drink __knowledge__ In addition, alcoholic drinks such as wine, beer, and liquor, which contain the drug ethanol, have been part of human culture and development for 8,000 years.", "Drink __knowledge__ Non-alcoholic drinks often signify drinks that would normally contain alcohol, such as beer and wine, but are made with less than .5 percent alcohol by volume.", "Drink __knowledge__ The category includes drinks that have undergone an alcohol removal process such as non-alcoholic beers and de-alcoholized wines.", "Alcoholic drink __knowledge__ An alcoholic drink, or alcoholic beverage, is a drink that contains alcohol (ethanol), a depressant which in low doses causes euphoria, reduced anxiety, and sociability and in higher doses causes intoxication (drunkenness), stupor and unconsciousness.", "Alcoholic drink __knowledge__ Long-term use can lead to alcohol abuse, physical dependence, and alcoholism.", "Alcoholic drink __knowledge__ Drinking alcohol plays an important social role in many cultures.", "Alcoholic drink __knowledge__ Most countries have laws regulating the production, sale, and consumption of alcoholic beverages.", "Alcoholic drink __knowledge__ Some countries ban such activities entirely, but alcoholic drinks are legal in most parts of the world.", "Alcoholic drink __knowledge__ The global alcoholic drink industry exceeded $1 trillion in 2014.", "Eggnog __knowledge__ Eggnog , egg nog or egg-nog, historically also known (when alcoholic beverages are added) as milk punch or egg milk punch, is a rich, chilled, sweetened, dairy-based beverage.", "Eggnog __knowledge__ It is traditionally made with milk, cream, sugar, whipped egg whites, and egg yolks (which gives it a frothy texture, and its name).", "Eggnog __knowledge__ In some contexts, distilled spirits such as brandy, rum, whisky or bourbon are added to the drink.", "Eggnog __knowledge__ Throughout Canada and the United States, eggnog is traditionally consumed over Christmas season every year, from late November until the end of the holiday season.", "Eggnog __knowledge__ Eggnog has also gained popularity in Australia.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Medieval cuisine includes foods, eating habits, and cooking methods of various European cultures during the Middle Ages, which lasted from the fifth to the fifteenth century.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ During this period, diets and cooking changed less than they did in the early modern period that followed, when those changes helped lay the foundations for modern European cuisine.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Cereals remained the most important staple during the early Middle Ages as rice was introduced late, and the potato was only introduced in 1536, with a much later date for widespread consumption.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Barley, oat and rye were eaten by the poor.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Wheat was for the governing classes.", "Moonshine by country __knowledge__ Moonshine is a generic term for distilled alcoholic beverages made throughout the globe from indigenous ingredients reflecting the customs, tastes, and raw materials for fermentation available in each region.", "Moonshine by country __knowledge__ The term commonly applies to small-scale production, which is often illegal or tightly regulated in many countries.", "Moonshine by country __knowledge__ Zarbali is a moonshine still, a type of distilled alcoholic beverage supposedly made from fermented raisins.", "Moonshine by country __knowledge__ In Albania, moonshine (Raki) is the primary alcoholic beverage consumed on daily basis.", "Moonshine by country __knowledge__ It is made from different fruits, usually grapes, but also plums, apples, blackberries, and walnuts.", "List of drinks __knowledge__ Drinks are liquids that can be consumed.", "List of drinks __knowledge__ In addition to basic needs, drinks form part of the culture of human society.", "List of drinks __knowledge__ In a commercial setting, drinks, other than water, may be termed beverages.", "List of drinks __knowledge__ Note: due to the high number of drinks in existence, this article is limited to being organized categorically, based upon the main subcategories within the category page, along with information about primary topics and list article links.", "List of drinks __knowledge__ – An alcoholic drink is a drink containing ethanol, commonly known as alcohol, although in chemistry the definition of an alcohol includes many other compounds.", "List of drinks __knowledge__ Alcoholic drinks, such as wine, beer, and liquor have been part of human culture and development for 8,000 years.", "Cider __knowledge__ Cider ( ), hard apple cider, or hard cider in the US, is an alcoholic beverage made from the fermented juice of apples.", "Cider __knowledge__ Cider is popular in the United Kingdom, especially in the West Country, and widely available.", "Cider __knowledge__ The UK has the world's highest per capita consumption, as well as its largest cider-producing companies.", "Cider __knowledge__ Cider is also popular in many Commonwealth countries, such as Canada, Australia, and New Zealand.", "Cider __knowledge__ Aside from the UK and its former colonies, cider is popular in other European countries including Ireland, Portugal (mainly in Minho and Madeira), France (particularly Brittany and Normandy), northern Italy (Piedmont and Friuli), and Spain (especially Asturias and the Basque Country).", "Perry __knowledge__ Perry is an alcoholic beverage made from fermented pears, similar to the way cider is made from apples.", "Perry __knowledge__ It has been common for centuries in England, particularly in the Three Counties (Gloucestershire, Herefordshire and Worcestershire); it is also made in parts of South Wales and France, especially Normandy and Anjou.", "Perry __knowledge__ In more recent years, commercial perry has also been referred to as \"pear cider\", but some organisations (such as CAMRA) do not accept this as a name for the traditional drink.", "Perry __knowledge__ The National Association of Cider Makers, on the other hand, disagrees, insisting that the terms perry and pear cider are interchangeable.", "Kopparberg __knowledge__ Kopparberg is a locality and the seat of Ljusnarsberg Municipality, Örebro County, Sweden, with 4,200 inhabitants in 2015.", "Kopparberg __knowledge__ It is famous for one of the most valuable postage stamps in the world, the Treskilling Yellow from 13 July 1857, Kopparberg's wooden church (voted #1 in Sweden in 2006), and Kopparberg Cider, now the best selling cider in the UK and worldwide.", "Kopparberg __knowledge__ This name is traditionally associated with Falun, some 90 km to the north, and gave its name to Kopparbergs län (now called Dalarna County) and the 700-year-old mining company Stora Kopparberg, which is now part of Stora Enso.", "Kopparberg __knowledge__ However, the town was founded as late as 1635 with the name Nya Kopparberget.", "Kopparbergs Brewery __knowledge__ Kopparbergs Brewery is a Swedish brewery and cider company based in Bergslagen.", "Kopparbergs Brewery __knowledge__ Kopparberg Cider is made by Kopparberg Breweries in the town of Kopparberg in central Sweden.", "Kopparbergs Brewery __knowledge__ Established in 1882, the brewery is family owned and is the main employer for the tiny town of just 4,000 people.", "Kopparbergs Brewery __knowledge__ Kopparberg Breweries AB is Sweden's largest cider brewing company.", "Kopparbergs Brewery __knowledge__ Kopparberg's cider was introduced in 2003 to the UK by B O Times1 Limited with the Pear and Apple variants.", "Kopparbergs Brewery __knowledge__ Between 2003-2007 listings with pub groups like Wetherspoons as well as being sold at IKEA stores were achieved.", "Kopparbergs Brewery __knowledge__ As the Brewery had made it a \"policy of not having contracts\" with distributors in various countries it was relatively easy to take over the already established accounts and take the brand to the next level.", "Alcohol laws of New Jersey __knowledge__ The state laws governing alcoholic beverages in New Jersey are among the most complex in the United States, with many peculiarities not found in other states' laws.", "Alcohol laws of New Jersey __knowledge__ They provide for 29 distinct liquor licenses granted to manufacturers, wholesalers, retailers, and for the public warehousing and transport of alcoholic beverages.", "Alcohol laws of New Jersey __knowledge__ General authority for the statutory and regulatory control of alcoholic beverages rests with the state government, particularly the Division of Alcoholic Beverage Control overseen by the state's Attorney General.", "Alcohol laws of New Jersey __knowledge__ Under home rule, New Jersey law grants individual municipalities substantial discretion in passing ordinances regulating the sale and consumption of alcoholic beverages within their limits.", "Cider in the United States __knowledge__ In the United States, the definition of \"cider\" is usually more broad than in Europe, specifically Ireland and the UK.", "Cider in the United States __knowledge__ There are two types: one being the traditional fermented product, called \"hard cider\", and the second \"sweet\" or \"soft cider\".", "Cider in the United States __knowledge__ The history of cider in the United States is very closely tied to the history of apple growing in the country.", "Cider in the United States __knowledge__ Most of the 17th- and 18th-century emigrants to America from the British Isles drank hard cider and its variants: water was not a trusted source of hydration and so beer, ale, fruit brandy, and cider were used as more sanitary substitutes.", "Cider in the United States __knowledge__ Apples were one of the earliest known crops in the English-speaking New World; ships' manifests show young saplings being carefully planted in barrels and many hopeful farmers bringing bags of seed with them, with the first settlers headed to what is now the Southeast.", "Apple cider __knowledge__ Apple cider (also called sweet cider or soft cider or simply cider) is the name used in the United States and parts of Canada for an unfiltered, unsweetened, non-alcoholic beverage made from apples.", "Apple cider __knowledge__ Though typically referred to simply as \"cider\" in those areas, it is not to be confused with the alcoholic beverage known as cider throughout most of the world, called hard cider (or just cider) in North America.", "Apple cider __knowledge__ Once widely pressed at farmsteads and local mills, apple cider is now easy and inexpensive to make.", "Apple cider __knowledge__ It is typically opaque due to fine apple particles in suspension and generally tangier than conventional filtered apple juice, depending on the apples used." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 13, 1 ]

[ "I am a bit of a fan of appletini. It is an apple martini. Have you ever tried them?", "It certainly does. It is sweet with a little kick. Usually it has vodka and one or more of apple juice, apple cider, apple liqueur, or apple brandy. Though my local club does a lovely virgin appletini (non alcoholic) and I have tried it also and can say it is pretty good too.", "There are some lovely virgin cocktails and non alcoholic beverages. I particularly like Kopparberg non alcoholic range. I do however like to have alcoholic ones too so kopparberg apple cider and pear cider are very enjoyable for me too. ", "Do check out kopparberg, it is swedish and it is always a hit when I have people over for dinner. Im not sure if it exists in your part of the world but definitely worth checking out. I have to tell you though a good virgin or non virgin appletini would impress most guests too." ]

[ "Appletini", "Appletini", "Appletini", "Appletini" ]

[ "Bitcoin", "I dont really know much about it. Can you explain it more to me?", "Ok interesting. So is like a modern day stocks and shares?", "What kind of services and products do they offer?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ Bitcoin is a cryptocurrency and worldwide payment system.", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ It is the first decentralized digital currency, as the system works without a central bank or single administrator.", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ The network is peer-to-peer and transactions take place between users directly, without an intermediary.", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ These transactions are verified by network nodes through the use of cryptography and recorded in a public distributed ledger called a blockchain.", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ Bitcoin was invented by an unknown person or group of people under the name Satoshi Nakamoto and released as open-source software in 2009.", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ Bitcoins are created as a reward for a process known as mining.", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ They can be exchanged for other currencies, products, and services.", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ As of February 2015, over 100,000 merchants and vendors accepted bitcoin as payment.", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ Research produced by the University of Cambridge estimates that in 2017, there are 2.9 to 5.8 million unique users using a cryptocurrency wallet, most of them using bitcoin.", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ The word \"bitcoin\" first occurred and was defined in the white paper that was published on 31 October 2008.", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ It is a compound of the words \"bit\" and \"coin\".", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ The white paper frequently uses the shorter \"coin\".", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ There is no uniform convention for \"bitcoin\" capitalization." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ Bitcoin is a cryptocurrency and worldwide payment system.", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ It is the first decentralized digital currency, as the system works without a central bank or single administrator.", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ The network is peer-to-peer and transactions take place between users directly, without an intermediary.", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ These transactions are verified by network nodes through the use of cryptography and recorded in a public distributed ledger called a blockchain.", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ Bitcoin was invented by an unknown person or group of people under the name Satoshi Nakamoto and released as open-source software in 2009.", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ Bitcoins are created as a reward for a process known as mining.", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ They can be exchanged for other currencies, products, and services.", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ As of February 2015, over 100,000 merchants and vendors accepted bitcoin as payment.", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ Research produced by the University of Cambridge estimates that in 2017, there are 2.9 to 5.8 million unique users using a cryptocurrency wallet, most of them using bitcoin.", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ The word \"bitcoin\" first occurred and was defined in the white paper that was published on 31 October 2008.", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ It is a compound of the words \"bit\" and \"coin\".", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ The white paper frequently uses the shorter \"coin\".", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ There is no uniform convention for \"bitcoin\" capitalization.", "Eudora (band) __knowledge__ Eudora is an American rock band from Orange County, California, signed to Power Slave Records in Japan.", "Eudora (band) __knowledge__ They have released two albums, the first one called \"... And it Rained Machines\" in 2006 and the second one in 2008 titled \"The Silent Years\".", "Eudora (band) __knowledge__ Eudora was formed in Orange County, California, in 2005 by Robby Friend and Kevin Connor.", "Eudora (band) __knowledge__ They soon met Tim Markel through the social networking site MySpace and started rehearsing.", "Eudora (band) __knowledge__ It was soon evident that the three of them \"clicked\" and they commenced writing original songs.", "Eudora (band) __knowledge__ Through a mutual friendship with the band National Product they were introduced to Actor/singer David Tom.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The 2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team (variously \"Alabama\", \"UA\", \"Bama\" or \"The Tide\") represented the University of Alabama in the 2011 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ It was the Crimson Tide's 117th overall and 78th season as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and its 20th within the SEC Western Division.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The team was led by head coach Nick Saban, in his fifth year, and played their home games at Bryant–Denny Stadium in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ They finished the season with a record of twelve wins and one loss (12–1 overall, 7–1 in the SEC) and as consensus national champions.", "DONT __knowledge__ In the card game contract bridge, DONT is a conventional overcall used to interfere with an opponent's one notrump (1NT) opening bid.", "DONT __knowledge__ DONT, an acronym for Disturb Opponents' Notrump, was designed by Marty Bergen, and is therefore also referred to as \"Bergen over Notrump\".", "DONT __knowledge__ Although the method is often criticized for being too nebulous, it remains fairly popular.", "DONT __knowledge__ The convention was first published in the September/October 1989 issue of \"Bridge Today\".", "DONT __knowledge__ In DONT, the two-level overcalls of trump show a two suiter of the suit bid and an unspecified higher-ranking suit.", "DONT __knowledge__ The feature distinguishing DONT from other similar conventions such as Cappelletti is the use of the double to show length in one suit, rather than hand strength or for .", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ Bob Dylan (; born Robert Allen Zimmerman, May 24, 1941) is an American singer-songwriter, author, and painter, who has been an influential figure in popular music and culture for more than five decades.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ Much of his most celebrated work dates from the 1960s, when he became a reluctant \"voice of a generation\" with songs such as \"Blowin' in the Wind\" and \"The Times They Are a-Changin'\" that became anthems for the Civil Rights Movement and anti-war movement.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ In 1965, he controversially abandoned his early fan-base in the American folk music revival, recording a six-minute single, \"Like a Rolling Stone\", which enlarged the scope of popular music.", "Actor–observer asymmetry __knowledge__ Actor–observer asymmetry (also actor–observer bias) explains the errors that one makes when forming attributions about the behavior of others .", "Actor–observer asymmetry __knowledge__ When people judge their own behavior, and they are the actor, they are more likely to attribute their actions to the particular situation than to a generalization about their personality.", "Actor–observer asymmetry __knowledge__ Yet when an observer is explaining the behavior of another person (the actor), they are more likely to attribute this behavior to the actors’ overall disposition rather than to situational factors.", "Actor–observer asymmetry __knowledge__ This frequent error shows the bias that people hold in their evaluations of behavior .", "French pronouns __knowledge__ French pronouns are inflected to indicate their role in the sentence (subject, direct object, and so on), as well as to reflect the person, gender, and number of their referents.", "French pronouns __knowledge__ French has a complex system of personal pronouns (analogous to English \"I\", \"we\", \"they\", and so on).", "French pronouns __knowledge__ When compared to English, the particularities of French personal pronouns include: Possessive pronouns refer to an object (or person) by identifying its possessor.", "French pronouns __knowledge__ They lexically indicate the person and number of the possessor, and like other pronouns they are inflected to indicate the gender and number of their referent.", "Economics of bitcoin __knowledge__ Bitcoin is a digital asset designed by its inventor, Satoshi Nakamoto, to work as a currency.", "Economics of bitcoin __knowledge__ Bitcoin is a digital asset designed by its inventor, Satoshi Nakamoto, to work as a currency.", "Economics of bitcoin __knowledge__ It is commonly referred to with terms like: digital currency, digital cash, virtual currency, electronic currency, digital gold, or cryptocurrency.", "Economics of bitcoin __knowledge__ The question whether bitcoin is a currency or not is still disputed.", "Economics of bitcoin __knowledge__ Bitcoins have three useful qualities in a currency, according to \"The Economist\" in January 2015: they are \"hard to earn, limited in supply and easy to verify\".", "Economics of bitcoin __knowledge__ Economists define money as a store of value, a medium of exchange, and a unit of account and agree that bitcoin has some way to go to meet all these criteria.", "History of bitcoin __knowledge__ Bitcoin is a cryptocurrency, a digital asset designed to work as a medium of exchange that uses cryptography to control its creation and management, rather than relying on central authorities.", "History of bitcoin __knowledge__ The presumed pseudonymous Satoshi Nakamoto integrated many existing ideas from the cypherpunk community when creating bitcoin.", "History of bitcoin __knowledge__ Over the course of bitcoin's history, it has undergone rapid growth to become a significant currency both on and offline - from the mid 2010s onward, some businesses on a global scale began accepting bitcoins in addition to standard currencies.", "History of bitcoin __knowledge__ Prior to the release of bitcoin there were a number of digital cash technologies starting with the issuer based ecash protocols of David Chaum and Stefan Brands.", "Bitcoin network __knowledge__ The bitcoin network is a peer-to-peer payment network that operates on a cryptographic protocol.", "Bitcoin network __knowledge__ Users send and receive bitcoins, the units of currency, by broadcasting digitally signed messages to the network using bitcoin cryptocurrency wallet software.", "Bitcoin network __knowledge__ Transactions are recorded into a distributed, replicated public database known as the blockchain, with consensus achieved by a proof-of-work system called \"mining\".", "Bitcoin network __knowledge__ Satoshi Nakamoto, the designer of bitcoin claimed that design and coding of bitcoin begun in 2007.", "Bitcoin network __knowledge__ The project was released in 2009 as open source software.", "Bitcoin network __knowledge__ The network requires minimal structure to share transactions.", "Virtual currency law in the United States __knowledge__ United States virtual currency law is the area of financial regulation that applies to the buyers, sellers, and users of virtual currency.", "Virtual currency law in the United States __knowledge__ This regulatory structure consist of tax regulations and FINCEN transparency regulations between financial exchanges and the individuals and corporations with whom they conduct business.", "Virtual currency law in the United States __knowledge__ The Internal Revenue Service (I.R.S) describes Virtual Currencies (VC)s as “a digital representation of value that functions as a medium of exchange, a unit of account, and/or a store of value [and] does not have legal tender status in any jurisdiction.” Although, electronic payment systems have been part of American life since at least 1871 when Western Union “introduced money transfer” through the telegraph and in 1914 “introduced the first consumer charge-card,\" virtual currencies differ from these digital payment structures because unlike traditional digital transfers of value, virtual currencies do not represent a claim on value; rather the virtual currency are the value.", "Blockchain __knowledge__ A blockchain, originally block chain, is a continuously growing list of records, called \"blocks\", which are linked and secured using cryptography.", "Blockchain __knowledge__ Each block typically contains a cryptographic hash of the previous block, a timestamp and transaction data.", "Blockchain __knowledge__ By design, a blockchain is inherently resistant to modification of the data.", "Blockchain __knowledge__ It is \"an open, distributed ledger that can record transactions between two parties efficiently and in a verifiable and permanent way\".", "Blockchain __knowledge__ For use as a distributed ledger, a blockchain is typically managed by a peer-to-peer network collectively adhering to a protocol for validating new blocks.", "BitPay __knowledge__ BitPay is a global bitcoin payment service provider headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia, United States.", "BitPay __knowledge__ It was founded in May 2011 by Tony Gallippi and Stephen Pair.", "BitPay __knowledge__ BitPay provides bitcoin payment processing services for merchants, and is one of the largest bitcoin payment processors.", "BitPay __knowledge__ In 2014, BitPay started processing US$1 million daily.", "BitPay __knowledge__ In 2014, BitPay announced partnerships with merchants including Microsoft, NewEgg, TigerDirect, and Warner Bros. Records.", "BitPay __knowledge__ In the same year, BitPay also partnered with payment systems operator PayPal as well as merchant acquirers such as Global Payments and Alternet Systems." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ Bitcoin is a cryptocurrency and worldwide payment system.", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ It is the first decentralized digital currency, as the system works without a central bank or single administrator.", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ The network is peer-to-peer and transactions take place between users directly, without an intermediary.", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ These transactions are verified by network nodes through the use of cryptography and recorded in a public distributed ledger called a blockchain.", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ Bitcoin was invented by an unknown person or group of people under the name Satoshi Nakamoto and released as open-source software in 2009.", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ Bitcoins are created as a reward for a process known as mining.", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ They can be exchanged for other currencies, products, and services.", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ As of February 2015, over 100,000 merchants and vendors accepted bitcoin as payment.", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ Research produced by the University of Cambridge estimates that in 2017, there are 2.9 to 5.8 million unique users using a cryptocurrency wallet, most of them using bitcoin.", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ The word \"bitcoin\" first occurred and was defined in the white paper that was published on 31 October 2008.", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ It is a compound of the words \"bit\" and \"coin\".", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ The white paper frequently uses the shorter \"coin\".", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ There is no uniform convention for \"bitcoin\" capitalization.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ OK Computer is the third studio album by English alternative rock band Radiohead, released on 16 June 1997 on EMI subsidiaries Parlophone and Capitol Records.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ The members of Radiohead self-produced the album with Nigel Godrich, an arrangement they have used for their subsequent albums.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ Other than the song \"Lucky\", which was recorded in 1995, Radiohead recorded the album in Oxfordshire and Bath between 1996 and early 1997, mostly in the historic mansion St Catherine's Court.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ The band made a deliberate attempt to distance themselves from the guitar-oriented, lyrically introspective style of their previous album, \"The Bends\".", "Short (finance) __knowledge__ In finance, short selling (also known as shorting or going short) is the practice of selling securities or other financial instruments that are not currently owned (usually borrowed), and subsequently repurchasing them (\"covering\").", "Short (finance) __knowledge__ In the event of an interim price decline, the short seller profits, since the cost of (re)purchase is less than the proceeds received upon the initial (short) sale.", "Short (finance) __knowledge__ Conversely, the short position closes out at a loss if the price of a shorted instrument rises prior to repurchase.", "Short (finance) __knowledge__ Potential loss on a short sale is theoretically unlimited, as there is no theoretical limit to a rise in the price of the instrument.", "Stock __knowledge__ The stock (also capital stock) of a corporation is constituted of the equity stock of its owners.", "Stock __knowledge__ A single share of the stock represents fractional ownership of the corporation in proportion to the total number of shares.", "Stock __knowledge__ In liquidation, the stock represents the residual assets of the company that would be due to stockholders after discharge of all senior claims such as secured and unsecured debt.", "Stock __knowledge__ Stockholders' equity cannot be withdrawn from the company in a way that is intended to be detrimental to the company's creditors.", "Stock __knowledge__ The shares together form stock.", "Stock __knowledge__ The stock of a corporation is partitioned into shares, the total of which are stated at the time of business formation.", "Day trading __knowledge__ Day trading is speculation in securities, specifically buying and selling financial instruments within the same trading day.", "Day trading __knowledge__ Strictly, day trading is trading \"only\" within a day, such that all positions are closed before the market closes for the trading day.", "Day trading __knowledge__ Many traders may not be so strict or may have day trading as one component of an overall strategy.", "Day trading __knowledge__ Traders who participate in day trading are called day traders.", "Day trading __knowledge__ Traders who trade in this capacity with the motive of profit are therefore speculators.", "Day trading __knowledge__ The methods of quick trading contrast with the long-term trades underlying buy and hold and value investing strategies.", "Stock market __knowledge__ A stock market, equity market or share market is the aggregation of buyers and sellers (a loose network of economic transactions, not a physical facility or discrete entity) of stocks (also called shares), which represent ownership claims on businesses; these may include \"securities\" listed on a public stock exchange as well as those only traded privately.", "Stock market __knowledge__ Examples of the latter include shares of private companies which are sold to investors through equity crowdfunding platforms.", "Stock market __knowledge__ Stock exchanges list shares of common equity as well as other security types, e.g.", "Stock market __knowledge__ corporate bonds and convertible bonds.", "Twenty-fourth Amendment of the Constitution of India __knowledge__ The Twenty-fourth Amendment of the Constitution of India, officially known as The Constitution (Twenty-fourth Amendment) Act, 1971, enables Parliament to dilute Fundamental Rights through Amendments of the Constitution.", "Twenty-fourth Amendment of the Constitution of India __knowledge__ It also amended article 368 to provide expressly that Parliament has power to amend any provision of the Constitution.", "Twenty-fourth Amendment of the Constitution of India __knowledge__ The amendment further made it obligatory for the President to give his assent, when a Constitution Amendment Bill was presented to him.", "Twenty-fourth Amendment of the Constitution of India __knowledge__ The 24th Amendment was enacted, by the Congress government headed by Indira Gandhi, to abrogate the Supreme Court ruling in \"Golaknath v. State of Punjab\".", "OK Go __knowledge__ OK Go is an American rock band originally from Chicago, Illinois, now based in Los Angeles, California.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band is composed of Damian Kulash (lead vocals, guitar), Tim Nordwind (bass guitar and vocals), Dan Konopka (drums and percussion) and Andy Ross (guitar, keyboards and vocals), who joined them in 2005, replacing Andy Duncan.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band is known for its often quirky and elaborate one-take music videos.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The original members formed as OK Go in 1998 and released two studio albums before Duncan's departure.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band's video for \"Here It Goes Again\" won a Grammy Award for Best Music Video in 2007.", "Digital currency __knowledge__ Digital currency (digital money or electronic money or electronic currency) is a type of currency available only in digital form, not in physical (such as banknotes and coins).", "Digital currency __knowledge__ It exhibits properties similar to physical currencies, but allows for instantaneous transactions and borderless transfer-of-ownership.", "Digital currency __knowledge__ Examples include virtual currencies and cryptocurrencies or even central bank issued \"digital base money\".", "Digital currency __knowledge__ Like traditional money, these currencies may be used to buy physical goods and services, but may also be restricted to certain communities such as for use inside an on-line game or social network.", "History of bitcoin __knowledge__ Bitcoin is a cryptocurrency, a digital asset designed to work as a medium of exchange that uses cryptography to control its creation and management, rather than relying on central authorities.", "History of bitcoin __knowledge__ The presumed pseudonymous Satoshi Nakamoto integrated many existing ideas from the cypherpunk community when creating bitcoin.", "History of bitcoin __knowledge__ Over the course of bitcoin's history, it has undergone rapid growth to become a significant currency both on and offline - from the mid 2010s onward, some businesses on a global scale began accepting bitcoins in addition to standard currencies.", "History of bitcoin __knowledge__ Prior to the release of bitcoin there were a number of digital cash technologies starting with the issuer based ecash protocols of David Chaum and Stefan Brands.", "Economics of bitcoin __knowledge__ Bitcoin is a digital asset designed by its inventor, Satoshi Nakamoto, to work as a currency.", "Economics of bitcoin __knowledge__ Bitcoin is a digital asset designed by its inventor, Satoshi Nakamoto, to work as a currency.", "Economics of bitcoin __knowledge__ It is commonly referred to with terms like: digital currency, digital cash, virtual currency, electronic currency, digital gold, or cryptocurrency.", "Economics of bitcoin __knowledge__ The question whether bitcoin is a currency or not is still disputed.", "Economics of bitcoin __knowledge__ Bitcoins have three useful qualities in a currency, according to \"The Economist\" in January 2015: they are \"hard to earn, limited in supply and easy to verify\".", "Economics of bitcoin __knowledge__ Economists define money as a store of value, a medium of exchange, and a unit of account and agree that bitcoin has some way to go to meet all these criteria.", "Ripple (payment protocol) __knowledge__ Ripple is a real-time gross settlement system (RTGS), currency exchange and remittance network by Ripple.", "Ripple (payment protocol) __knowledge__ Also called the Ripple Transaction Protocol (RTXP) or Ripple protocol, it is built upon a distributed open source Internet protocol, consensus ledger and native cryptocurrency called XRP (ripples).", "Ripple (payment protocol) __knowledge__ Released in 2012, Ripple purports to enable \"secure, instantly and nearly free global financial transactions of any size with no chargebacks.\"", "Ripple (payment protocol) __knowledge__ It supports tokens representing fiat currency, cryptocurrency, commodity or any other unit of value such as frequent flier miles or mobile minutes.", "Ripple (payment protocol) __knowledge__ At its core, Ripple is based around a shared, public database or ledger, which uses a consensus process that allows for payments, exchanges and remittance in a distributed process.", "Virtual currency __knowledge__ Virtual currency, also known as virtual money, is a type of unregulated, digital money, which is issued and usually controlled by its developers (Bitcoin is an exception), and used and accepted among the members of a specific virtual community.", "Virtual currency __knowledge__ The Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN), a bureau of the US Treasury, defined virtual currency in its guidance published in 2013.", "Virtual currency __knowledge__ In 2014, the European Banking Authority defined virtual currency as \"a digital representation of value that is neither issued by a central bank or a public authority, nor necessarily attached to a fiat currency, but is accepted by natural or legal persons as a means of payment and can be transferred, stored or traded electronically\".", "Blockchain __knowledge__ A blockchain, originally block chain, is a continuously growing list of records, called \"blocks\", which are linked and secured using cryptography.", "Blockchain __knowledge__ Each block typically contains a cryptographic hash of the previous block, a timestamp and transaction data.", "Blockchain __knowledge__ By design, a blockchain is inherently resistant to modification of the data.", "Blockchain __knowledge__ It is \"an open, distributed ledger that can record transactions between two parties efficiently and in a verifiable and permanent way\".", "Blockchain __knowledge__ For use as a distributed ledger, a blockchain is typically managed by a peer-to-peer network collectively adhering to a protocol for validating new blocks." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ Bitcoin is a cryptocurrency and worldwide payment system.", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ It is the first decentralized digital currency, as the system works without a central bank or single administrator.", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ The network is peer-to-peer and transactions take place between users directly, without an intermediary.", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ These transactions are verified by network nodes through the use of cryptography and recorded in a public distributed ledger called a blockchain.", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ Bitcoin was invented by an unknown person or group of people under the name Satoshi Nakamoto and released as open-source software in 2009.", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ Bitcoins are created as a reward for a process known as mining.", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ They can be exchanged for other currencies, products, and services.", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ As of February 2015, over 100,000 merchants and vendors accepted bitcoin as payment.", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ Research produced by the University of Cambridge estimates that in 2017, there are 2.9 to 5.8 million unique users using a cryptocurrency wallet, most of them using bitcoin.", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ The word \"bitcoin\" first occurred and was defined in the white paper that was published on 31 October 2008.", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ It is a compound of the words \"bit\" and \"coin\".", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ The white paper frequently uses the shorter \"coin\".", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ There is no uniform convention for \"bitcoin\" capitalization.", "Retail __knowledge__ Retail markets and shops have a very ancient history, dating back to antiquity.", "Retail __knowledge__ Over the centuries, retail shops were transformed from little more than \"rude booths\" to the sophisticated shopping malls of the modern era.", "Retail __knowledge__ Retailing involves the process of selling consumer goods or Services to customers through multiple channels of distribution to earn a profit.", "Retail __knowledge__ Retailers satisfy demand identified through a supply chain.", "Retail __knowledge__ Some of the earliest retailers were itinerant peddlers.", "Retail __knowledge__ The term \"retailer\" is typically applied where a service provider fills the small orders of a large number of individuals, who are end-users, rather than large orders of a small number of wholesale, corporate or government clientele.", "Islamic banking and finance __knowledge__ Islamic banking or Islamic finance () or sharia-compliant finance is banking or financing activity that complies with sharia (Islamic law) and its practical application through the development of Islamic economics.", "Islamic banking and finance __knowledge__ Some of the modes of Islamic banking/finance include \"Mudarabah\" (Profit sharing and loss bearing), \"Wadiah\" (safekeeping), \"Musharaka\" (joint venture), \"Murabahah\" (cost plus), and \"Ijar\" (leasing).", "Islamic banking and finance __knowledge__ Sharia prohibits \"riba\", or usury, defined as interest paid on all loans of money (although some Muslims dispute whether there is a consensus that interest is equivalent to \"riba\").", "Islamic banking and finance __knowledge__ Investment in businesses that provide goods or services considered contrary to Islamic principles (e.g.", "Touchpoint __knowledge__ A touchpoint can be defined as any way a consumer can interact with a business, whether it be person-to-person, through a website, an app or any form of communication (“Touchpoint Glossary”, n.d.).", "Touchpoint __knowledge__ When consumers come in contact with these touchpoints it gives them the opportunity to compare their prior perceptions of the business and form an opinion (Stein, & Ramaseshan, 2016).", "Touchpoint __knowledge__ Touchpoints in marketing communications are the varying ways that a brand interacts and displays information to prospective customers and current customers.", "Touchpoint __knowledge__ Touchpoints allow customers to have experiences every time they “touch’ any part of the product, service, brand or organization, across multiple channels and various points in time (Pantano and Milena, 2015 and Zomerdijk and Voss, 2010).", "Sprint Corporation __knowledge__ Sprint Corporation, commonly referred to as Sprint, is an American telecommunications company that provides wireless services and is an internet service provider.", "Sprint Corporation __knowledge__ It is the fourth largest mobile network operator in the United States, and serves 54 million customers as of October 2017.", "Sprint Corporation __knowledge__ The company also offers wireless voice, messaging, and broadband services through its various subsidiaries under the Boost Mobile, Virgin Mobile, and Assurance Wireless brands, and wholesale access to its wireless networks to mobile virtual network operators.", "Sprint Corporation __knowledge__ The company is headquartered in Overland Park, Kansas.", "Sprint Corporation __knowledge__ In July 2013, a majority of the company was purchased by Japanese telecommunications company SoftBank Group Corp., although the remaining shares of the company continue to trade on the New York Stock Exchange.", "Value-form __knowledge__ The value-form or form of value () is a concept in Karl Marx's critique of political economy, Marxism and post-Marxism.", "Value-form __knowledge__ It refers to the \"social form\" of a commodity (any product traded in markets) as a symbol of value, which contrasts with its physical features, as a product which can satisfy some human need.", "Value-form __knowledge__ The physical appearance of a commodity is directly observable, but the meaning of its social form is not.", "Value-form __knowledge__ Narrating the paradoxical oddities and metaphysical niceties of ordinary things when they become instruments of trade, Marx seeks to provide a brief morphology of the category of economic value as such - what its substance really is, the forms which this substance takes, and how its magnitude is determined or expressed.", "Law of value __knowledge__ The law of value (German: \"Wertgesetz\") is a central concept in Karl Marx's critique of political economy, first expounded in his polemic \"The Poverty of Philosophy\" (1847) against Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, with reference to David Ricardo's economics.", "Law of value __knowledge__ Most generally, it refers to a regulative principle of the economic exchange of the products of human work: the relative exchange-values of those products in trade, usually expressed by money-prices, are proportional to the average amounts of human labor-time which are currently socially necessary to produce them.", "Law of value __knowledge__ Thus, the fluctuating exchange value of commodities (exchangeable products) is regulated by their value, where the magnitude of their value is determined by the average quantity of human labour which is currently socially necessary to produce them (see labor theory of value and value-form).", "Informatics General __knowledge__ Informatics General Corporation, earlier Informatics, Inc., was an American computer software company in existence from 1962 through 1985 and based in Los Angeles, California.", "Informatics General __knowledge__ It made a variety of software products, and was especially known for its Mark IV file management and report generation product for IBM mainframes, which became the best-selling corporate packaged software product of its time.", "Informatics General __knowledge__ It also ran computer service bureaus and sold turnkey systems to specific industries.", "Informatics General __knowledge__ By the mid-1980s Informatics had revenues of near $200 million and over 2,500 employees.", "Informatics General __knowledge__ Computer science historian Martin Campbell-Kelly, in his 2003 volume \"From Airline Reservations to Sonic the Hedgehog: A History of the Software Industry\", has considered Informatics to be an exemplar of the independent, middle-sized software development firms of its era, and the Computer History Museum as well as the Charles Babbage Institute at the University of Minnesota have conducted a number of oral histories of the company's key figures.", "History of bitcoin __knowledge__ Bitcoin is a cryptocurrency, a digital asset designed to work as a medium of exchange that uses cryptography to control its creation and management, rather than relying on central authorities.", "History of bitcoin __knowledge__ The presumed pseudonymous Satoshi Nakamoto integrated many existing ideas from the cypherpunk community when creating bitcoin.", "History of bitcoin __knowledge__ Over the course of bitcoin's history, it has undergone rapid growth to become a significant currency both on and offline - from the mid 2010s onward, some businesses on a global scale began accepting bitcoins in addition to standard currencies.", "History of bitcoin __knowledge__ Prior to the release of bitcoin there were a number of digital cash technologies starting with the issuer based ecash protocols of David Chaum and Stefan Brands.", "CryptoNote __knowledge__ CryptoNote is an application layer protocol that powers several decentralized privacy oriented digital currencies.", "CryptoNote __knowledge__ It aims to be an evolution of the ideas behind Bitcoin.", "CryptoNote __knowledge__ The main difference between the two technologies is that Bitcoin (and most digital currencies) is less opaque than CryptoNote-based currencies due to the latter's blockchain being almost anonymous, contrary to non-Cryptonote blockchains.", "CryptoNote __knowledge__ CryptoNote currencies use a distributed public ledger that records all balances and transactions of its in-built currency like Bitcoin.", "CryptoNote __knowledge__ Unlike Bitcoin, CryptoNote's transactions cannot be followed through the blockchain in a way that reveals who sent or received coins.", "Economics of bitcoin __knowledge__ Bitcoin is a digital asset designed by its inventor, Satoshi Nakamoto, to work as a currency.", "Economics of bitcoin __knowledge__ Bitcoin is a digital asset designed by its inventor, Satoshi Nakamoto, to work as a currency.", "Economics of bitcoin __knowledge__ It is commonly referred to with terms like: digital currency, digital cash, virtual currency, electronic currency, digital gold, or cryptocurrency.", "Economics of bitcoin __knowledge__ The question whether bitcoin is a currency or not is still disputed.", "Economics of bitcoin __knowledge__ Bitcoins have three useful qualities in a currency, according to \"The Economist\" in January 2015: they are \"hard to earn, limited in supply and easy to verify\".", "Economics of bitcoin __knowledge__ Economists define money as a store of value, a medium of exchange, and a unit of account and agree that bitcoin has some way to go to meet all these criteria.", "Satoshi Nakamoto __knowledge__ Satoshi Nakamoto is the name used by the unknown person or people who designed bitcoin and created its original reference implementation.", "Satoshi Nakamoto __knowledge__ As part of the implementation, they also devised the first blockchain database.", "Satoshi Nakamoto __knowledge__ In the process they were the first to solve the double-spending problem for digital currency.", "Satoshi Nakamoto __knowledge__ They were active in the development of bitcoin up until December 2010.", "Satoshi Nakamoto __knowledge__ On a P2P Foundation profile, Nakamoto claimed to be a man living in Japan, born on 5 April 1975.", "Satoshi Nakamoto __knowledge__ Speculation about the true identity of Nakamoto has mostly focused on a number of cryptography and computer science experts of non-Japanese descent, living in the United States and Europe.", "Bitcoin network __knowledge__ The bitcoin network is a peer-to-peer payment network that operates on a cryptographic protocol.", "Bitcoin network __knowledge__ Users send and receive bitcoins, the units of currency, by broadcasting digitally signed messages to the network using bitcoin cryptocurrency wallet software.", "Bitcoin network __knowledge__ Transactions are recorded into a distributed, replicated public database known as the blockchain, with consensus achieved by a proof-of-work system called \"mining\".", "Bitcoin network __knowledge__ Satoshi Nakamoto, the designer of bitcoin claimed that design and coding of bitcoin begun in 2007.", "Bitcoin network __knowledge__ The project was released in 2009 as open source software.", "Bitcoin network __knowledge__ The network requires minimal structure to share transactions.", "Virtual currency law in the United States __knowledge__ United States virtual currency law is the area of financial regulation that applies to the buyers, sellers, and users of virtual currency.", "Virtual currency law in the United States __knowledge__ This regulatory structure consist of tax regulations and FINCEN transparency regulations between financial exchanges and the individuals and corporations with whom they conduct business.", "Virtual currency law in the United States __knowledge__ The Internal Revenue Service (I.R.S) describes Virtual Currencies (VC)s as “a digital representation of value that functions as a medium of exchange, a unit of account, and/or a store of value [and] does not have legal tender status in any jurisdiction.” Although, electronic payment systems have been part of American life since at least 1871 when Western Union “introduced money transfer” through the telegraph and in 1914 “introduced the first consumer charge-card,\" virtual currencies differ from these digital payment structures because unlike traditional digital transfers of value, virtual currencies do not represent a claim on value; rather the virtual currency are the value." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 6, 68 ]

[ "Everyone is starting to believe that bitcoin is the future worldwide payment system. ", "It is a digital currency it works without a bank or administrator I signed up with a stock bond that uses bitcoin only.", "Yes that is one of the ideas behind bitcoin it was also created for products and services as well.", "The main source is work system mining and it is also for digital structure share transactions. " ]

[ "Bitcoin", "Bitcoin", "Bitcoin", "Bitcoin" ]

[ "Multilingualism", "Wow that's really impressive!", "Seems like a lot of people are at least bilingual nowadays." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ Multilingualism is the use of more than one language, either by an individual speaker or by a community of speakers.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ It is believed that multilingual speakers outnumber monolingual speakers in the world's population.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ More than half of all Europeans claim to speak at least one language other than their mother tongue.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ Multilingualism is becoming a social phenomenon governed by the needs of globalization and cultural openness.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ Owing to the ease of access to information facilitated by the Internet, individuals' exposure to multiple languages is becoming increasingly frequent, thereby promoting a need to acquire additional languages.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ People who speak several languages are also called polyglots.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ Multilingual speakers have acquired and maintained at least one language during childhood, the so-called first language (L1).", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ The first language (sometimes also referred to as the mother tongue) is acquired without formal education, by mechanisms heavily disputed.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ Children acquiring two languages in this way are called simultaneous bilinguals.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ Even in the case of simultaneous bilinguals, one language usually dominates the other.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ People who know more than one language have been reported to be more adept at language learning compared to monolinguals." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ Multilingualism is the use of more than one language, either by an individual speaker or by a community of speakers.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ It is believed that multilingual speakers outnumber monolingual speakers in the world's population.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ More than half of all Europeans claim to speak at least one language other than their mother tongue.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ Multilingualism is becoming a social phenomenon governed by the needs of globalization and cultural openness.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ Owing to the ease of access to information facilitated by the Internet, individuals' exposure to multiple languages is becoming increasingly frequent, thereby promoting a need to acquire additional languages.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ People who speak several languages are also called polyglots.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ Multilingual speakers have acquired and maintained at least one language during childhood, the so-called first language (L1).", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ The first language (sometimes also referred to as the mother tongue) is acquired without formal education, by mechanisms heavily disputed.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ Children acquiring two languages in this way are called simultaneous bilinguals.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ Even in the case of simultaneous bilinguals, one language usually dominates the other.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ People who know more than one language have been reported to be more adept at language learning compared to monolinguals.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "WOW series __knowledge__ \"WOW\" is a series of annual compilation albums featuring contemporary Christian music dating from 1995.", "WOW series __knowledge__ Comprising songs submitted by each partner label, the annual \"WOW Hits\" releases are typically double CD sets.", "WOW series __knowledge__ The birth of the WOW record project can be traced Grant Cunningham, A&R Director at Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ In November 1994 Grant made a business trip to EMI Limited in London, which at the time was the parent company of Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ There he noticed that several British record labels were issuing an annual CD of top-rated songs, known as the \"NOW\" series, containing collections of pop songs.", "Unleashed (Bow Wow album) __knowledge__ Unleashed is the third studio album by American rapper Bow Wow.", "Unleashed (Bow Wow album) __knowledge__ It was released on August 19, 2003, by Columbia Records.", "Unleashed (Bow Wow album) __knowledge__ The album features guest appearances from Amerie, Baby, Mario and Jagged Edge, with its production handled by Bink!, The Neptunes, Jazze Pha, Swizz Beatz and Lil Jon, among others.", "Unleashed (Bow Wow album) __knowledge__ It is Bow Wow's first album without assistance or production from his mentor Jermaine Dupri, and where he dropped the 'Lil' from his stage name after his film debut in \"Like Mike\" (2002).", "Unleashed (Bow Wow album) __knowledge__ \"Unleashed\" received mixed reviews from critics, who felt that despite the changes in flow, production and lyrics, Bow Wow didn't distinguish himself enough to stand out from other rappers.", "Women for the Wall __knowledge__ The conservative Women for the Wall, sometimes abbreviated as W4W, is a grassroots organization founded in April 2013, concerned with preserving Jewish tradition at the Western Wall, also known as the Kotel.", "Women for the Wall __knowledge__ The catalyst for the founding of Women for the Wall was lack of representation for the stand of traditional Jewish women in the controversy surrounding an alternative prayer group known as Women of the Wall (WoW).", "Women for the Wall __knowledge__ In the months leading to the establishment of W4W, Women of the Wall demanded to hold their services in the traditional women's section, rather than the Robinson's Arch area of the Kotel, where alternative prayer services are held.", "Neuroscience of multilingualism __knowledge__ Various aspects of multilingualism have been studied in the field of neurology.", "Neuroscience of multilingualism __knowledge__ These include the representation of different language systems in the brain, the effects of multilingualism on the brain's structural plasticity, aphasia in multilingual individuals, and bimodal bilinguals (people who can speak one sign language and one oral language).", "Neuroscience of multilingualism __knowledge__ Neurological studies of multilingualism are carried out with functional neuroimaging, electrophysiology, and through observation of people who have suffered brain damage.", "Neuroscience of multilingualism __knowledge__ The brain contains areas that are specialized to deal with language, located in the perisylvian cortex of the left hemisphere.", "La Posta Band of Diegueno Mission Indians __knowledge__ The La Posta Band of Diegueño Mission Indians of the La Posta Reservation is a federally recognized tribe of the Kumeyaay Indians, who are sometimes known as Mission Indians.", "La Posta Band of Diegueno Mission Indians __knowledge__ The La Posta Reservation () is a federal Indian reservation located within the southern Laguna Mountains west of Boulevard, in eastern San Diego County, California.", "La Posta Band of Diegueno Mission Indians __knowledge__ It is less than north of the US-Mexico Border.", "La Posta Band of Diegueno Mission Indians __knowledge__ The reservation is large with a population of approximately 18.", "La Posta Band of Diegueno Mission Indians __knowledge__ The reservation borders the Cleveland National Forest and is accessed only by one unpaved road that is usually fenced off to prevent trespassers.", "La Posta Band of Diegueno Mission Indians __knowledge__ It was established in 1893.", "Languages of Singapore __knowledge__ According to the Constitution of Singapore, the four official languages of Singapore are English, Mandarin, Malay and Tamil while the symbolic national language is Malay.", "Languages of Singapore __knowledge__ The three languages other than English were chosen to correspond with the major ethnic groups present in Singapore at the time: Mandarin had gained status since the introduction of Chinese-medium schools; Malay was deemed the \"most obvious choice\" for the Malay community; and Tamil for the largest Indian ethnic group in Singapore, in addition to being \"the language with the longest history of education in Malaysia and Singapore\".", "Languages of the European Union __knowledge__ The languages of the European Union are languages used by people within the member states of the European Union (EU).", "Languages of the European Union __knowledge__ The EU has 24 official languages, of which three (English, French and German) have the higher status of \"procedural\" languages of the European Commission (whereas the European Parliament accepts all official languages as working languages).", "Languages of the European Union __knowledge__ One language (Irish) previously had the lower status of \"treaty language\" before being upgraded to an official and working language in 2007, although it has been temporarily derogated as a working language until 2021 due to difficulty finding qualified translators.", "Romansh language __knowledge__ Romansh (also spelled Romansch, Rumantsch, or Romanche; Romansh: , \"rumàntsch\", or ) is a Romance language spoken predominantly in the southeastern Swiss canton of Grisons (Graubünden), where it has official status alongside German and Italian.", "Romansh language __knowledge__ It is used as the medium of instruction in schools in Romansh-speaking areas.", "Romansh language __knowledge__ Romansh has also been recognized as a national language of Switzerland since 1938, and as an official language since 1996, along with German, French and Italian.", "Romansh language __knowledge__ It is sometimes grouped by linguists with Ladin and Friulian as a Rhaeto-Romance language, though this is disputed.", "Romansh language __knowledge__ Romansh is a descendant of the spoken Latin language of the Roman Empire, which by the 5th century AD replaced the Celtic and Raetic languages previously spoken in the area.", "Language __knowledge__ Language is a system that consists of the development, acquisition, maintenance and use of complex systems of communication, particularly the human ability to do so; and a language is any specific example of such a system.", "Language __knowledge__ The scientific study of language is called linguistics.", "Language __knowledge__ Questions concerning the philosophy of language, such as whether words can represent experience, have been debated at least since Gorgias and Plato in ancient Greece.", "Language __knowledge__ Thinkers such as Rousseau have argued that language originated from emotions while others like Kant have held that it originated from rational and logical thought." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ Multilingualism is the use of more than one language, either by an individual speaker or by a community of speakers.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ It is believed that multilingual speakers outnumber monolingual speakers in the world's population.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ More than half of all Europeans claim to speak at least one language other than their mother tongue.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ Multilingualism is becoming a social phenomenon governed by the needs of globalization and cultural openness.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ Owing to the ease of access to information facilitated by the Internet, individuals' exposure to multiple languages is becoming increasingly frequent, thereby promoting a need to acquire additional languages.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ People who speak several languages are also called polyglots.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ Multilingual speakers have acquired and maintained at least one language during childhood, the so-called first language (L1).", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ The first language (sometimes also referred to as the mother tongue) is acquired without formal education, by mechanisms heavily disputed.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ Children acquiring two languages in this way are called simultaneous bilinguals.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ Even in the case of simultaneous bilinguals, one language usually dominates the other.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ People who know more than one language have been reported to be more adept at language learning compared to monolinguals.", "Vlachs in the history of Croatia __knowledge__ The term Vlachs () was initially used in medieval Croatian and Venetian history for a Romance-speaking pastoralist community, called \"Vlachs\" and \"Morlachs\", inhabiting the mountains and lands of the Croatian Kingdom and the Republic of Venice (Venetian Dalmatia) from the early 14th century.", "Vlachs in the history of Croatia __knowledge__ By the end of the 15th century they were highly assimilated with the Slavs and lost their language or were at least bilingual, while some communities managed to preserve and continue to speak their language (Istro-Romanians).", "Vlachs in the history of Croatia __knowledge__ Later in the 16th and 17th century with the Ottoman conquest and mass migrations, the term was primarily used for a socio-cultural and professional segment of the population rather than to an ethnicity, and referred to the mostly Slavic-speaking emigrants and refugees from Ottoman-held territories to the Habsburg Empire (such as Croatia) and Republic of Venice (Dalmatia), mostly of Eastern Orthodox faith, lesser Catholic.", "Bilingual education __knowledge__ Bilingual education involves teaching academic content in two languages, in a native and secondary language with varying amounts of each language used in accordance with the program model.", "Bilingual education __knowledge__ The following are several different types of bilingual education program models: Dual Immersion classrooms encourage students but with the permission it may be enthusiastic &' native language development, making an important contribution to heritage language maintenance and allows language minority students to remain in classrooms with their native English-speaking peers, resulting in linguistic and sociocultural advantages (Christian, 1996b).", "Switzerland __knowledge__ Switzerland (), officially the Swiss Confederation, is a federal republic in Europe.", "Switzerland __knowledge__ It consists of 26 cantons, and the city of Bern is the seat of the federal authorities.", "Switzerland __knowledge__ The country is situated in Western-Central Europe, and is bordered by Italy to the south, France to the west, Germany to the north, and Austria and Liechtenstein to the east.", "Switzerland __knowledge__ Switzerland is a landlocked country geographically divided between the Alps, the Swiss Plateau and the Jura, spanning a total area of (land area ).", "Switzerland __knowledge__ While the Alps occupy the greater part of the territory, the Swiss population of approximately eight million people is concentrated mostly on the plateau, where the largest cities are to be found: among them are the two global cities and economic centres Zürich and Geneva.", "Greece __knowledge__ Greece (), officially the Hellenic Republic (), historically also known as Hellas, is a country in Southern Europe, with a population of approximately /1e6 round 0 million as of .", "Greece __knowledge__ Athens is the nation's capital and largest city, followed by Thessaloniki.", "Greece __knowledge__ Greece is located at the crossroads of Europe, Asia, and Africa.", "Greece __knowledge__ Situated on the southern tip of the Balkan peninsula, it shares land borders with Albania to the northwest, the Republic of Macedonia and Bulgaria to the north, and Turkey to the northeast.", "Greece __knowledge__ The Aegean Sea lies to the east of the mainland, the Ionian Sea to the west, the Cretan Sea and the Mediterranean Sea to the south.", "Simultaneous bilingualism __knowledge__ Simultaneous bilingualism is a form of bilingualism that takes place when a child becomes bilingual by learning two languages from birth.", "Simultaneous bilingualism __knowledge__ According to Annick De Houwer, in an article in \"The Handbook of Child Language\", simultaneous bilingualism takes place in \"children who are regularly addressed in two spoken languages from before the age of two and who continue to be regularly addressed in those languages up until the final stages\" of language development.", "Simultaneous bilingualism __knowledge__ Both languages are acquired as first languages.", "Simultaneous bilingualism __knowledge__ This is in contrast to sequential bilingualism, in which the second language is learned not as a native language but a foreign language.", "Cognitive advantages of bilingualism __knowledge__ A bilingual person can traditionally be defined as an individual who uses (understands and produces) two (or more) languages on a regular basis.", "Cognitive advantages of bilingualism __knowledge__ A bilingual person's initial exposure to both languages may have started in early childhood, e.g.", "Cognitive advantages of bilingualism __knowledge__ before age 3, but exposure may also begin later in life.", "Cognitive advantages of bilingualism __knowledge__ While some people assume that bilinguals must be equally proficient in their languages, perfectly equal proficiency is rarely attested, and proficiency typically varies by domain.", "Cognitive advantages of bilingualism __knowledge__ For example, a bilingual person may have greater proficiency for work-related terms in one language, and family-related terms in another language.", "List of Ben 10 villains __knowledge__ Below is a list of all the villains who appear in the \"Ben 10\" universe ranging from \"Ben 10\", \"\", \"\", \"\", and \"Ben 10 (Reboot)\".", "List of Ben 10 villains __knowledge__ Each of the villains has been sorted into the TV series that he or she debuted in.", "List of Ben 10 villains __knowledge__ Voiced by: Vilgax is a warlord who is Ben's first and most recurring nemesis through the series.", "List of Ben 10 villains __knowledge__ Being of the Chimera Sui Generis (named after the mythological Chimera) race, who are able to turn into giant squid-like creatures when exposed to water, Vilgax was exiled from his home world for being ruthless, cruel, and power hungry.", "List of Ben 10 villains __knowledge__ Soon after, Vilgax meets Maltruant as depicted in the Omniverse series finale which had him indirectly learn of the Omnitrix's existence when attacked by George Washington and a mysterious figure later revealed to be Ben.", "Monolingualism __knowledge__ Monoglottism (Greek μόνοσ \"monos\", \"alone, solitary\", + γλώττα \"glotta\", \"tongue, language\") or, more commonly, monolingualism or unilingualism, is the condition of being able to speak only a single language, as opposed to multilingualism.", "Monolingualism __knowledge__ In a different context, \"unilingualism\" may refer to a language policy which enforces an official or national language over others.", "Monolingualism __knowledge__ Being monolingual or unilingual is also said of a text, dictionary, or conversation written or conducted in only one language, and of an entity in which a single language is either used or officially recognized (in particular when being compared with bilingual or multilingual entities or in the presence of individuals speaking different languages).", "Language shift __knowledge__ Language shift, also known as language transfer or language replacement or language assimilation, is the process whereby a community of speakers of a language shifts to speaking a completely different language, usually over an extended period of time.", "Language shift __knowledge__ Often, languages that are perceived to be higher status stabilise or spread at the expense of other languages that are perceived by their own speakers to be lower-status.", "Language shift __knowledge__ An example is the shift from Gaulish to Latin that occurred in what is now France during the time of the Roman Empire.", "Language shift __knowledge__ For prehistory, Forster et al.", "Language shift __knowledge__ (2004) and Forster and Renfrew (2011) observe that there is a correlation of language shift with intrusive male Y chromosomes but not necessarily with intrusive female mtDNA.", "Francization of Brussels __knowledge__ The Francization (or Francisation) of Brussels (, ) refers to the transformation of Brussels, Belgium, from a majority Dutch-speaking city to one that is bilingual or even multilingual, with French as both the majority language and lingua franca.", "Francization of Brussels __knowledge__ Initially, the dominant aspect of this transition was the shift from Dutch to French among local Flemings in Brussels.", "Francization of Brussels __knowledge__ This shift occurred over one or more generations, mirroring the advance of French elsewhere as a prestige language; subsequently, the dominance of French in Brussels has been further consolidated through internal migration of Francophone Walloons into the national capital, as well as by the immigration of non-Belgians, who either already spoke French or adopted it on arrival.", "Heritage language learning __knowledge__ Heritage language learning or heritage language acquisition is the act of learning a heritage language from an ethnolinguistic group that traditionally speaks the language, or from those whose family historically spoke the language.", "Heritage language learning __knowledge__ According to a commonly accepted definition by Valdés, heritage languages are generally minority languages in society and are typically learned at home during childhood.", "Heritage language learning __knowledge__ When a heritage language learner grows up in an environment with a dominant language that is different from their heritage language, the learner appears to be more competent in the dominant language and often feels more comfortable speaking in that language.", "Neuroscience of multilingualism __knowledge__ Various aspects of multilingualism have been studied in the field of neurology.", "Neuroscience of multilingualism __knowledge__ These include the representation of different language systems in the brain, the effects of multilingualism on the brain's structural plasticity, aphasia in multilingual individuals, and bimodal bilinguals (people who can speak one sign language and one oral language).", "Neuroscience of multilingualism __knowledge__ Neurological studies of multilingualism are carried out with functional neuroimaging, electrophysiology, and through observation of people who have suffered brain damage.", "Neuroscience of multilingualism __knowledge__ The brain contains areas that are specialized to deal with language, located in the perisylvian cortex of the left hemisphere.", "Mayan languages __knowledge__ The Mayan languages form a language family spoken in Mesoamerica and northern Central America.", "Mayan languages __knowledge__ Mayan languages are spoken by at least 6 million Maya peoples, primarily in Guatemala, Mexico, Belize and Honduras.", "Mayan languages __knowledge__ In 1996, Guatemala formally recognized 21 Mayan languages by name, and Mexico recognizes eight more within its territory.", "Mayan languages __knowledge__ The Mayan language family is one of the best-documented and most studied in the Americas.", "Mayan languages __knowledge__ Modern Mayan languages descend from the Proto-Mayan language, thought to have been spoken at least 5,000 years ago; it has been partially reconstructed using the comparative method." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 4 ]

[ "I speak three languages! I love being multilingual! ", "Thanks! It's actually more common than you'd think. It's believed that in the world's population, there are more multi than monolingual speakers.", "Yes, I think it's because of the globalization and cultural openness that has become so commonplace." ]

[ "Multilingualism", "Multilingualism", "Multilingualism" ]

[ "Farmers' market", "I have been to a few but I am not really from a farm area", "Oh Yes i actually have been to that one, it is a very nice one compared to some others", "I know there is one or two where i am from, I will have to check it out next time they open!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Farmers' market __knowledge__ A farmers' market (also farmers market) is a physical retail marketplace intended to sell foods directly by farmers to consumers.", "Farmers' market __knowledge__ Farmers' markets may be indoors or outdoors and typically consist of booths, tables or stands where farmers sell fruits, vegetables, meats, cheeses, and sometimes prepared foods and beverages.", "Farmers' market __knowledge__ Farmers' markets exist in many countries worldwide and reflect the local culture and economy.", "Farmers' market __knowledge__ The size of the market may be just a few stalls or it may be as large as several city blocks.", "Farmers' market __knowledge__ Due to their nature, they tend to be less rigidly regulated than retail produce shops.", "Farmers' market __knowledge__ They are distinguished from public markets, which are generally housed in permanent structures, open year-round, and offer a variety of non-farmer/non-producer vendors, packaged foods and non-food products.", "Farmers' market __knowledge__ The current concept of a farmers' market is similar to past concepts, but different in relation to other forms – as aspects of consumer retailing, overall, continue to shift over time.", "Farmers' market __knowledge__ Similar forms existed before the Industrial age, but often formed part of broader markets, where suppliers of food and other goods gathered to retail their wares.", "Farmers' market __knowledge__ Trading posts began a shift toward retailers who sold others' products more than their own." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Farmers' market __knowledge__ A farmers' market (also farmers market) is a physical retail marketplace intended to sell foods directly by farmers to consumers.", "Farmers' market __knowledge__ Farmers' markets may be indoors or outdoors and typically consist of booths, tables or stands where farmers sell fruits, vegetables, meats, cheeses, and sometimes prepared foods and beverages.", "Farmers' market __knowledge__ Farmers' markets exist in many countries worldwide and reflect the local culture and economy.", "Farmers' market __knowledge__ The size of the market may be just a few stalls or it may be as large as several city blocks.", "Farmers' market __knowledge__ Due to their nature, they tend to be less rigidly regulated than retail produce shops.", "Farmers' market __knowledge__ They are distinguished from public markets, which are generally housed in permanent structures, open year-round, and offer a variety of non-farmer/non-producer vendors, packaged foods and non-food products.", "Farmers' market __knowledge__ The current concept of a farmers' market is similar to past concepts, but different in relation to other forms – as aspects of consumer retailing, overall, continue to shift over time.", "Farmers' market __knowledge__ Similar forms existed before the Industrial age, but often formed part of broader markets, where suppliers of food and other goods gathered to retail their wares.", "Farmers' market __knowledge__ Trading posts began a shift toward retailers who sold others' products more than their own.", "Cass Farm Multiple Property Submission __knowledge__ The Cass Farm MPS is a US multiple property submission to the National Register of Historic Places which was approved on December 1, 1997.", "Cass Farm Multiple Property Submission __knowledge__ The structures included are all located in Midtown, in the Cass Farm area in Detroit, Michigan, USA.", "Cass Farm Multiple Property Submission __knowledge__ The Cass Farm area is defined as occupying the space between Woodward Avenue on the east, the Lodge Freeway on the west, Warren Avenue on the north, and Martin Luther King Jr. Boulevard on the south.", "Cass Farm Multiple Property Submission __knowledge__ The Cass Farm area spans portions of four original plattings.", "Cass Farm Multiple Property Submission __knowledge__ These include the rear portions of three original ribbon farms (the Cass Farm, the Jones/Crane Farm, and the Forsyth Farm), as well as a section of the Park Lots between Woodward and Cass.", "Family farm __knowledge__ A family farm is generally understood to be a farm owned and/or operated by a family; it is sometimes considered to be an estate passed down by inheritance.", "Family farm __knowledge__ It contrasts with farms operated as collectives, trusts, non-family corporations or in other institutionalised forms.", "Family farm __knowledge__ The concept or definition does not easily translate across languages or cultures, as there are substantial differences in the agricultural traditions and histories between countries.", "Family farm __knowledge__ Thus, in the United States, a family farm can be of any size, while in Brazil, the official definition of a family farm (\"agricultura familiar\") is limited to small farms worked primarily by members of a single family.", "Residence, Abbott Street __knowledge__ The Residence at 41 Abbott Street is a heritage-listed detached house in New Farm, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.", "Residence, Abbott Street __knowledge__ It was designed by Robin Dods and built in 1900.", "Residence, Abbott Street __knowledge__ It is also known as Hart Residence and Narallen.", "Residence, Abbott Street __knowledge__ It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 28 April 2000.", "Residence, Abbott Street __knowledge__ The residence was designed by Robin Dods as a rental house for his mother, and constructed in 1900.", "Residence, Abbott Street __knowledge__ The residence was built adjacent to Dods' own house.", "Residence, Abbott Street __knowledge__ With the closure of the Moreton Bay penal settlement in 1842 Brisbane was opened up for free settlement; however, surveyors had begun subdivision plans for the New Farm area as early as 1839 and large acreage blocks were auctioned through the 1840s and 1850s.", "Agriculture in Lithuania __knowledge__ Agriculture in Lithuania dates to the Neolithic period, about 3,000 to 1,000 BC.", "Agriculture in Lithuania __knowledge__ It has been one of Lithuania's most important occupations for many centuries.", "Agriculture in Lithuania __knowledge__ As elsewhere, the practice of agriculture in Lithuania during the Neolithic period showed limited scope and was constrained by the availability of tools.", "Agriculture in Lithuania __knowledge__ There is evidence that its early practitioners employed slash and burn techniques to clear their fields.", "Agriculture in Lithuania __knowledge__ The use of domestic animals, first seen during the Bronze Age, had become widespread during the Iron Age.", "Agriculture in Lithuania __knowledge__ Wheat cultivation in the area has been dated to the 1st century BC; the first evidence of widespread cultivation of rye has been dated to the 1st century AD.", "Environmental impact of wind power __knowledge__ The environmental impact of wind power when compared to the environmental impacts of fossil fuels, is relatively minor.", "Environmental impact of wind power __knowledge__ Compared with other low carbon power sources, wind turbines have some of the lowest global warming potential per unit of electrical energy generated.", "Environmental impact of wind power __knowledge__ According to the IPCC, in assessments of the life-cycle global warming potential of energy sources, wind turbines have a median value of between 15 and 11 (geq/kWh) depending on whether off- or onshore turbines are being assessed.", "Environmental impact of wind power __knowledge__ While wind turbine installations may cover a large area, they are compatible with many land uses such as farming and grazing, as only small areas of turbine foundations and infrastructure are made unavailable for use.", "Dairy __knowledge__ A dairy is a business enterprise established for the harvesting or processing (or both) of animal milk – mostly from cows or goats, but also from buffaloes, sheep, horses, or camels – for human consumption.", "Dairy __knowledge__ A dairy is typically located on a dedicated dairy farm or in a section of a multi-purpose farm (mixed farm) that is concerned with the harvesting of milk.", "Dairy __knowledge__ Terminology differs between countries.", "Dairy __knowledge__ For example, in the United States, an entire dairy farm is commonly called a \"dairy\".", "Dairy __knowledge__ The building or farm area where milk is harvested from the cow is often called a \"milking parlor\" or \"parlor\".", "Dairy __knowledge__ The farm area where milk is stored in bulk tanks is known as the farm's \"milk house\".", "Battle of Vaughan Road __knowledge__ The Battle of Vaughan Road, also spelled \"Vaughn\", was an American Civil War engagement between Confederate States Army and Union Army cavalry forces protecting the flank of the main Union attack on Confederate positions on the western end of the Confederate line on October 1, 1864 during the Battle of Peebles' Farm, part of the Siege of Petersburg.", "Battle of Vaughan Road __knowledge__ The Union force repulsed Confederate attacks and protected ground just gained at McDowell's Farm and an important road junction on the Vaughan Road at the Wyatt Road.", "Battle of Vaughan Road __knowledge__ They inflicted about 130 casualties on the Confederates while losing about 90 men, about half of whom were taken prisoner.", "Marketplace __knowledge__ A market, or marketplace, is a location where people regularly gather for the purchase and sale of provisions, livestock, and other goods.", "Marketplace __knowledge__ In different parts of the world, a market place may be described as a \"souk\" (from the Arabic), \"bazaar\" (from the Persian), a fixed \"mercado\" (Spanish), or itinerant \"tianguis\" (Mexico), or \"palengke\" (Philippines).", "Marketplace __knowledge__ Some markets operate daily and are said to be \"permanent\" markets while others are held once a week or on less frequent specified days such as festival days and are said to be \"periodic markets.\"", "Marketplace __knowledge__ The form that a market adopts is depends on its locality's population, culture, ambient and geographic conditions.", "Phat Beets Produce __knowledge__ Phat Beets Produce is an American non-profit food justice collective focusing on food justice in North Oakland, California, started by Max Cadji and Bret Brenner in 2007.", "Phat Beets Produce __knowledge__ Their programs include weekly farmer's markets (sourcing from local farmers of color), free produce stands, youth gardens, community supported agriculture programs (called the \"beet box\"), food and social justice workshops, and a kitchen and cafe cooperative.", "Phat Beets Produce __knowledge__ Cadji helps residents have access to nutritious food by coordinating between farmers, institutions, and low-income communities to utilize empty land for urban gardening.", "Phat Beets Produce __knowledge__ Their work addresses disadvantaged North Oakland residents, actively opposes the systematic forces of gentrification in the North Oakland Area, and stands in solidarity with criminal justice issues.", "List of markets in Sydney __knowledge__ Markets in Sydney offer an extensive range of produce, new and second-hand merchandise.", "List of markets in Sydney __knowledge__ There are both outdoor and covered markets in Sydney, Australia.", "List of markets in Sydney __knowledge__ Opera House Market has been running for over 12 years, and has up to 40 stalls with Australian made products including art and craft works, jewellery, paintings, fragrances, clothing and souvenirs.", "List of markets in Sydney __knowledge__ The market is closed for renovations.", "List of markets in Sydney __knowledge__ Paddy's Markets are located at Haymarket (near Chinatown) and are part of Sydney Markets at Flemington (near Sydney Olympic Park).", "List of markets in Sydney __knowledge__ The markets cater for both locals and tourists and are home to over 1,000 stalls that sell almost everything from fashion and accessories, sporting goods, fresh fruits and vegetables, pet supplies, clothing, electrical goods, arts and crafts, and souvenirs.", "Fair trade __knowledge__ Fair trade is a social movement whose stated goal is to help producers in developing countries achieve better trading conditions and to promote sustainable farming.", "Fair trade __knowledge__ Members of the movement advocate the payment of higher prices to exporters, as well as improved social and environmental standards.", "Fair trade __knowledge__ The movement focuses in particular on commodities, or products which are typically exported from developing countries to developed countries, but also consumed in domestic markets (e.g.", "Fair trade __knowledge__ Brazil, India and Bangladesh) most notably handicrafts, coffee, cocoa, wine, sugar, fresh fruit, chocolate, flowers and gold.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Urban agriculture, urban farming, or urban gardening is the practice of cultivating, processing, and distributing food in or around a village, town, or city.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Urban agriculture can also involve animal husbandry, aquaculture, agroforestry, urban beekeeping, and horticulture.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ These activities occur in peri-urban areas as well, and peri-urban agriculture may have different characteristics.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Urban agriculture can reflect varying levels of economic and social development.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ In the global north, it often takes the form of a social movement for sustainable communities, where organic growers, ‘foodies,’ and ‘locavores’ form social networks founded on a shared ethos of nature and community holism.", "Local food __knowledge__ \"Local food\", \"local food movement\" or \"locavores\" are a movement of people who prefer to eat foods which are grown or farmed relatively close to the places of sale and preparation.", "Local food __knowledge__ Local food movements aim to connect food producers and food consumers in the same geographic region, in order to develop more self-reliant and resilient food networks; improve local economies; or to have an impact on the health, environment, community, or society of a particular place.", "Local food __knowledge__ The term has also been extended to include not only the geographic location of supplier and consumer but can also be \"defined in terms of social and supply chain characteristics.\"" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Farmers' market __knowledge__ A farmers' market (also farmers market) is a physical retail marketplace intended to sell foods directly by farmers to consumers.", "Farmers' market __knowledge__ Farmers' markets may be indoors or outdoors and typically consist of booths, tables or stands where farmers sell fruits, vegetables, meats, cheeses, and sometimes prepared foods and beverages.", "Farmers' market __knowledge__ Farmers' markets exist in many countries worldwide and reflect the local culture and economy.", "Farmers' market __knowledge__ The size of the market may be just a few stalls or it may be as large as several city blocks.", "Farmers' market __knowledge__ Due to their nature, they tend to be less rigidly regulated than retail produce shops.", "Farmers' market __knowledge__ They are distinguished from public markets, which are generally housed in permanent structures, open year-round, and offer a variety of non-farmer/non-producer vendors, packaged foods and non-food products.", "Farmers' market __knowledge__ The current concept of a farmers' market is similar to past concepts, but different in relation to other forms – as aspects of consumer retailing, overall, continue to shift over time.", "Farmers' market __knowledge__ Similar forms existed before the Industrial age, but often formed part of broader markets, where suppliers of food and other goods gathered to retail their wares.", "Farmers' market __knowledge__ Trading posts began a shift toward retailers who sold others' products more than their own.", "Have a nice day __knowledge__ Have a nice day is a commonly spoken expression used to conclude a conversation (whether brief or extensive), or end a message by hoping the person to whom it is addressed experiences a pleasant day.", "Have a nice day __knowledge__ Since it is often uttered by service employees to customers at the end of a transaction, particularly in Israel and the United States, its repetitious and dutiful usage has resulted in the phrase developing, according to some journalists and scholars, especially outside of these two countries, a cultural connotation of impersonality, lack of interest, passive–aggressive behavior, or sarcasm.", "Have a nice day __knowledge__ The phrase is generally not used in Europe, as some find it artificial or even offensive.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Yes and no, or word pairs with a similar usage , are expressions of the affirmative and the negative, respectively, in several languages including English.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages make distinction between answers to affirmative versus negative questions, thus may have triplet or quadruplets of words instead.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ English originally used a four-form system up to and including Early Middle English but Modern English has reduced this to a two-form system consisting of just 'yes' and 'no'.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ It exists in eye blink communication, Morse Code, sign language, and maybe in color coded flag communication.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages do not answer yes–no questions with single words meaning 'yes' or 'no'.", "Yes Oh __knowledge__ Yes Oh (styled as yes Oh) is an Israeli television channel carried by the Israeli satellite television provider - \"yes\", which broadcasts newer American and British TV Shows from HBO, AMC, Showtime, Starz and FX in Midnights.", "Yes Oh __knowledge__ The channel began airing on January 21, 2012, on channel 14, replacing \"yes Real\" \"yes Oh\" airs all of its schedule in High Definition simulcast on yes Oh HD on channel 14.", "Yes Oh __knowledge__ On January 17, 2010, \"yes\" launched the channel Yes Next (styled as yes Next and formerly called \"yes stars Next\"), which broadcast American, British and Israeli TV shows from all genres.", "Yes Oh __knowledge__ The concept of the channel was to air shows approaching to the younger demographics.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Harold Spiro __knowledge__ Harold Jacob Spiro (25 June 1925 – 11 December 1996) was an English songwriter.", "Harold Spiro __knowledge__ He is best known for his co-writing with Valerie Avon, particularly the song \"Long Live Love\" (1974) performed by Olivia Newton-John, which was the UK's entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1974.", "Harold Spiro __knowledge__ He won an Ivor Novello Award for Best Novel or Unusual Song for co-writing \"Nice One Cyril\".", "Harold Spiro __knowledge__ His interest in music began at an early age, in London's East End, where his uncle regularly took him to the Music hall.", "Harold Spiro __knowledge__ It was here that he first met Tony Hiller, (who helped create Brotherhood of Man) and so began a lifelong friendship.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters in the comic book series The Boys, created by Garth Ennis and Darick Robertson.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ The Boys are a CIA black ops team, initially created by Col. Greg Mallory to manage, police, and sometimes liquidate Vought-American's superhumans.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ While this is in part to help protect normal humans from the actions of the largely out of control \"supes,\" this is also to ensure that the company lack the stability or the platform to push the use of superhumans in national defense.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ Over time, however, the team's focus was changed, due to Butcher's increased influence, from one of management and containment to one of direct confrontation.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters for the British television and radio sketch show \"Little Britain\" (and its American spin-off, \"Little Britain USA\").", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played By: David Walliams Appearances: Season 3 Alan works for the Donkey Hospice in the town of Achingballs.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ After contributors give him some money, he blatantly places stickers on embarrassing body parts, such as the genital region or breasts and on someone's rear in a deleted scene.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ He makes one appearance in Series 3.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played by: David Walliams Episodes: Radio Show; Season 1, episodes 4 and 5 Catchphrase: \"I love you Anne\" and \"I need you Anne\" Peter Andre is a royal BBC correspondent who gets sacked after first making surreal and false claims about the Royal Family (such as Prince Charles having magical powers, describing The Queen as \"The Main One\" and mistaking Princess Eugenie for her mother, Sarah, Duchess of York) and then expressing his love for Princess Anne through song.", "Union Square, Manhattan __knowledge__ Union Square is an important and historic intersection and surrounding neighborhood in Manhattan, New York City, located where Broadway and the former Bowery Road – now Fourth Avenue – came together in the early 19th century; its name denotes that \"here was the union of the two principal thoroughfares of the island\" rather than celebrating either the Federal union of the United States or labor unions.", "Union Square, Manhattan __knowledge__ The current Union Square Park is bounded by 14th Street on the south, Union Square West on the west side, 17th Street on the north, and on the east Union Square East, which links together Broadway and Park Avenue South to Fourth Avenue and the continuation of Broadway.", "Somerville, Massachusetts __knowledge__ Somerville ( ) is a city located directly to the northwest of Boston, in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States.", "Somerville, Massachusetts __knowledge__ , the United States Census lists the city with a total population of 75,754 people, making it the most densely populated municipality in New England.", "Somerville, Massachusetts __knowledge__ , it was the 16th most densely populated incorporated municipality in the country.", "Somerville, Massachusetts __knowledge__ Somerville was established as a town in 1842, when it was separated from Charlestown.", "Somerville, Massachusetts __knowledge__ In 2006, the town was named the best-run city in Massachusetts by the \"Boston Globe\".", "Somerville, Massachusetts __knowledge__ In 1972, in 2009, and again in 2015, the city received the All-America City Award.", "Union Square, San Francisco __knowledge__ Union Square is a public plaza bordered by Geary, Powell, Post and Stockton Streets in downtown San Francisco, California.", "Union Square, San Francisco __knowledge__ \"Union Square\" also refers to the central shopping, hotel, and theater district that surrounds the plaza for several blocks.", "Union Square, San Francisco __knowledge__ The area got its name because it was once used for Thomas Starr King rallies and support for the Union Army during the American Civil War, earning its designation as a California Historical Landmark.", "Union Square, San Francisco __knowledge__ Today, this one-block plaza and surrounding area is one of the largest collections of department stores, upscale boutiques, gift shops, art galleries, and beauty salons in the United States, making Union Square a major tourist destination, a vital, cosmopolitan gathering place in downtown San Francisco, and one of the world's premier shopping districts.", "Union Square (Somerville) __knowledge__ Union Square is a neighborhood in the southeastern part of Somerville, Massachusetts.", "Union Square (Somerville) __knowledge__ It is centered on Union Square proper, which is located at the intersection of Washington Street, Webster Avenue, and Somerville Avenue.", "Union Square (Somerville) __knowledge__ The name \"Union Square\" comes from the square having been used as a recruitment and mustering site for the Union Army in the American Civil War.", "Union Square (Somerville) __knowledge__ A plaque commemorating the mustering site sits at the southwest corner of the square between Somerville Avenue and Washington Street, and the Prospect Hill Monument is located several blocks away atop Prospect Hill.", "Union Square (Somerville) __knowledge__ Union Square is now the commercial center of a primarily residential neighborhood with many restaurants, bars and neighborhood stores.", "Union Square, Baltimore __knowledge__ Union Square is a neighborhood located in the Sowebo area of Baltimore.", "Union Square, Baltimore __knowledge__ It dates to the 1830s and includes a historic district of houses and commerce buildings.", "Union Square, Baltimore __knowledge__ Named for the graceful park at its center, Union Square is a diverse urban setting - home to art galleries, artist studios, H.L.", "Union Square, Baltimore __knowledge__ Mencken’s lifelong residence, and spacious three-story Italianate and Victorian rowhouses.", "Union Square, Baltimore __knowledge__ On the historic ground of Southwest Baltimore is known to locals as \"Sowebo\" (SouthWest Baltimore).", "Union Square, Baltimore __knowledge__ Union Square is less than a mile from Camden Yards and within walking distance of the \"Inner Harbor\" (formerly known as \"The Basin\" of the harbor, the Northwest Branch of the Patapsco River, the B&O Railroad Museum, Ravens Stadium (later known as M. & T. Bank Stadium), and the University of Maryland at Baltimore, (the original and founding campus of the U. of M. system, from 1807).", "James Peck (pacifist) __knowledge__ James Peck (December 19, 1914July 12, 1993) was an American activist who practiced nonviolent resistance during World War II and in the Civil Rights Movement.", "James Peck (pacifist) __knowledge__ He is the only person who participated in both the Journey of Reconciliation (1947) and the first Freedom Ride of 1961, and has been called a white civil rights hero.", "James Peck (pacifist) __knowledge__ Peck advocated nonviolent civil disobedience throughout his life, and was arrested more than 60 times between the 1930s and 1980s.", "James Peck (pacifist) __knowledge__ James Peck (usually called \"Jim\") was born in Manhattan, the son of Samuel Peck, a wealthy clothing wholesaler, who died when his son was eleven years old.", "Union Square (Hong Kong) __knowledge__ Union Square is a commercial and residential real estate project in Hong Kong on the West Kowloon reclamation.", "Union Square (Hong Kong) __knowledge__ Covering , the site has a gross floor area of , approximately the size of the Canary Wharf development in London.", "Union Square (Hong Kong) __knowledge__ As of 2011, the development houses some of the tallest buildings in Hong Kong — including the tallest commercial building in Hong Kong, the 118-story International Commerce Centre and the loftiest residential tower in Hong Kong, The Cullinan ( high).", "Union Square (Hong Kong) __knowledge__ Union Square is located at 1 Austin Road West, Tsim Sha Tsui, Kowloon, Hong Kong.", "Union Square (Hong Kong) __knowledge__ It occupies part of the 340 hectares of land reclaimed from Victoria Harbour in the 1990s to construct a highway and rail link to the new Hong Kong International Airport, and it integrates the Kowloon Station of the Hong Kong Mass Transit Railway." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Farmers' market __knowledge__ A farmers' market (also farmers market) is a physical retail marketplace intended to sell foods directly by farmers to consumers.", "Farmers' market __knowledge__ Farmers' markets may be indoors or outdoors and typically consist of booths, tables or stands where farmers sell fruits, vegetables, meats, cheeses, and sometimes prepared foods and beverages.", "Farmers' market __knowledge__ Farmers' markets exist in many countries worldwide and reflect the local culture and economy.", "Farmers' market __knowledge__ The size of the market may be just a few stalls or it may be as large as several city blocks.", "Farmers' market __knowledge__ Due to their nature, they tend to be less rigidly regulated than retail produce shops.", "Farmers' market __knowledge__ They are distinguished from public markets, which are generally housed in permanent structures, open year-round, and offer a variety of non-farmer/non-producer vendors, packaged foods and non-food products.", "Farmers' market __knowledge__ The current concept of a farmers' market is similar to past concepts, but different in relation to other forms – as aspects of consumer retailing, overall, continue to shift over time.", "Farmers' market __knowledge__ Similar forms existed before the Industrial age, but often formed part of broader markets, where suppliers of food and other goods gathered to retail their wares.", "Farmers' market __knowledge__ Trading posts began a shift toward retailers who sold others' products more than their own.", "I Love Money (season 2) __knowledge__ I Love Money 2 or I Love Money (season 2) is the second season of the VH1 reality television series \"I Love Money\", created by Surreal Life executive producers Cris Abrego and Mark Cronin.", "I Love Money (season 2) __knowledge__ The 19 contestants for the second season were drawn from \"I Love New York\", \"Flavor of Love\", \"Rock of Love\", and \"Real Chance of Love\" to compete in physical and mental challenges, aiming for a $250,000 grand prize.", "I Love Money (season 2) __knowledge__ Production began in late October 2008 & wrapped November 2008, and the show premiered on February 2, 2009 with Craig J. Jackson returning to host.", "I Love Money (season 2) __knowledge__ The winner of the competition was Angela Pitts, also known as Myammee.", "I Love Money (season 1) __knowledge__ I Love Money is a reality television game show that aired on VH1.", "I Love Money (season 1) __knowledge__ The show was created by \"The Surreal Life\" executive producers Cris Abrego and Mark Cronin.", "I Love Money (season 1) __knowledge__ The contestants on this series are from the first two seasons of \"Flavor of Love, I Love New York\" and \"Rock of Love\", and are competing in physical and mental challenges in an attempt to win $250,000.", "I Love Money (season 1) __knowledge__ Production started in early February 2008, and concluded in March 2008.", "I Love Money (season 1) __knowledge__ The show premiered on July 6, 2008 and the casting special aired on July 1.", "I Love Money (season 1) __knowledge__ The show is hosted by Craig J. Jackson.", "I Love Money (season 1) __knowledge__ The winner of the competition was Nicole Alexander, also known as Hoopz.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (, lit: \"How many knots are left to untie?\")", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ is a Pakistani drama series, airs on Hum TV.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ Created by Angeline Malik, the series is a sequel of the anthology series \"Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain\" (20112014).", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ It premiered on 30 October 2016 with a different cast and different story.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ It revolves around a married couple, Saba (Hira Salman) and Kamran (Hassan Ahmed).", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ They ask Jameela (servant) to give another servant duty if he/she is interested.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ She suppresses Rozi (Ushna Shah).", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ Saba is strict with her servants especially with Rozi.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ She drinks water in Saba's glass, to which JHOOTA BURTAN has been derived.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Ek Tha Chandar Ek Thi Sudha (Hindi: एक था चन्दर एक थी सुधा English: One was Chander one was Sudha) is an Indian biopic television series, which premiered on 21 September 2015 and is broadcast on Life OK.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is produced by Garima Productions of Ashwni Dhir.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series airs on every Monday to Friday nights.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is a tragic love story and is a 20-episode series.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story of the series is based on Dharamvir Bharati’s iconic novel, \"Gunahon Ka Devta\".", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Rahil Azam and Umang Jain will play the male and female lead roles respectively.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story starts with an illustration that it is a story about love near Allahabad.", "Better Luck Next Time (band) __knowledge__ Better Luck Next Time (often shortened to BLNT) is a 4 piece American pop punk band from Los Angeles, California.", "Better Luck Next Time (band) __knowledge__ They have released 4 full-length albums and 1 split EP since forming in 2004.", "Better Luck Next Time (band) __knowledge__ Their 4th full-length album, We'll Take It From Here, was released on October 16, 2013.", "Better Luck Next Time (band) __knowledge__ Better Luck Next Time was formed in the spring of 2004 by original members Brian Bortoli, Matt Fuzzo, Chris Lucas, and Leston Derrick.", "Better Luck Next Time (band) __knowledge__ The band came to be when Brian was added to the line-up of Snapout (the current project of Matt, Chris, Leston, and John).", "Better Luck Next Time (band) __knowledge__ The addition of Brian brought forth a change in musical style, thus the name Snapout was dropped and changed to Better Luck Next Time.", "Phat Beets Produce __knowledge__ Phat Beets Produce is an American non-profit food justice collective focusing on food justice in North Oakland, California, started by Max Cadji and Bret Brenner in 2007.", "Phat Beets Produce __knowledge__ Their programs include weekly farmer's markets (sourcing from local farmers of color), free produce stands, youth gardens, community supported agriculture programs (called the \"beet box\"), food and social justice workshops, and a kitchen and cafe cooperative.", "Phat Beets Produce __knowledge__ Cadji helps residents have access to nutritious food by coordinating between farmers, institutions, and low-income communities to utilize empty land for urban gardening.", "Phat Beets Produce __knowledge__ Their work addresses disadvantaged North Oakland residents, actively opposes the systematic forces of gentrification in the North Oakland Area, and stands in solidarity with criminal justice issues.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ Mexican cuisine began 9,000 years ago, 7,000 BCE, when agricultural communities such as the Maya formed, domesticating maize, creating the standard process of corn nixtamalization, and establishing their foodways.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ Successive waves of other Mesoamerican groups, including the Olmec, Teotihuacanos, Toltec, Huastec, Zapotec, Mixtec, Otomi, and Purépecha, brought with them their own cooking methods.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ The Mexica establishment of the Aztec Empire created a multi-ethnic society where many different foodways became infused.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ The staples are native foods, such as corn, beans, squash, amaranth, chia, avocados, tomatoes, tomatillos, chocolate, vanilla, agave, turkey, sweet potato, cactus, and chili pepper.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Marketplace __knowledge__ A market, or marketplace, is a location where people regularly gather for the purchase and sale of provisions, livestock, and other goods.", "Marketplace __knowledge__ In different parts of the world, a market place may be described as a \"souk\" (from the Arabic), \"bazaar\" (from the Persian), a fixed \"mercado\" (Spanish), or itinerant \"tianguis\" (Mexico), or \"palengke\" (Philippines).", "Marketplace __knowledge__ Some markets operate daily and are said to be \"permanent\" markets while others are held once a week or on less frequent specified days such as festival days and are said to be \"periodic markets.\"", "Marketplace __knowledge__ The form that a market adopts is depends on its locality's population, culture, ambient and geographic conditions.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Mexican street food, called \"antojitos\" (literally \"little cravings\"), is prepared by street vendors and at small traditional markets in that country.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Street foods include tacos, tamales, gorditas, quesadillas, empalmes, tostadas, chalupa, elote, tlayudas, cemita, pambazo, empanada, nachos, chilaquiles，fajita and tortas, as well as fresh fruit, vegetables, beverages and soups (menudo, pozole and pancita).", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Most are available in the morning and the evening, as mid-afternoon is the time for the main formal meal of the day.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Mexico has one of the most extensive street food cultures in Latin America, and \"Forbes\" named Mexico City as one of the foremost cities on the world in which to eat on the street." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 2, 4 ]

[ "I love Farmer's Markets this time of year! SO much to choose from. Not just produce, but great homemade products too. Do you shop Farmers Markets?", "That's the beauty of them -- they bring the farm to you! I know there's a very well known one smack in the middle of NYC, at Union Square. They're such a great reflection of local culture and economy.", "I always love getting flowers at Farmers Markets. Usually so much better priced. Besides all the fruits and veggies, there are also vendors with prepared foods like breakfast tacos and italian ices. Lots to choose from!", "I hope you find a good one. They often come in all sizes, too -- maybe just a few stalls or as large as a few city blocks. " ]

[ "Farmers' market", "Farmers' market", "Farmers' market", "Farmers' market" ]

[ "Labrador Retriever\nLabs are very cool dogs, very smart.", "Yes, excellent for hunting and also for helping disabled people. They are highly trainable.", "Yep. I grew up with friends who used them for that purpose. I am actually disabled myself and I'm looking at a lab", "Don't be sad. A lab will be great. Easy to train and very focused." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ The Labrador Retriever, or just Labrador, is a type of retriever-gun dog.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ The Labrador is one of the most popular breeds of dog in Canada, the United Kingdom and the United States.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ A favourite disability assistance breed in many countries, Labradors are frequently trained to aid the blind, those who have autism, to act as a therapy dog, or to perform screening and detection work for law enforcement and other official agencies.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ Additionally, they are prized as sporting and hunting dogs.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ A few kennels breeding their ancestors, the St. John's water dog, were in England.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ At the same time, a combination of the sheep protection policy in Newfoundland and rabies quarantine in the United Kingdom, led to the gradual demise of the St. John's water dog in Canada.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ In the 1830s, the 10th Earl of Home and his nephews the 5th Duke of Buccleuch and Lord John Scott, had imported progenitors of the breed from Newfoundland to Europe for use as gundogs.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ Another early advocate of these Newfoundland dogs, or Labrador Retrievers as they later became known, was the 2nd Earl of Malmesbury who bred them for their expertise in waterfowling.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ During the 1880s, the 3rd Earl of Malmesbury, the 6th Duke of Buccleuch and the 12th Earl of Home collaborated to develop and establish the modern Labrador breed.", "Greyhound racing __knowledge__ Greyhound racing is an organized, competitive sport in which greyhound dogs are raced around a track.", "Greyhound racing __knowledge__ There are two forms of greyhound racing, track racing (normally around an oval track) and coursing.", "Greyhound racing __knowledge__ Track racing uses an artificial lure (now based on a windsock) that travels ahead of the dogs on a rail until the greyhounds cross the finish line.", "Greyhound racing __knowledge__ As with horse racing, greyhound races often allow the public to bet on the outcome.", "Greyhound racing __knowledge__ In coursing, the dogs chase a \"lure\" (originally a live hare or rabbit that could be killed by the dog).", "Greyhound racing __knowledge__ In many countries greyhound racing is purely amateur and solely for enjoyment.", "Smart city __knowledge__ A smart city is an urban area that uses different types of electronic data collection sensors to supply information which is used to manage assets and resources efficiently.", "Smart city __knowledge__ This includes data collected from citizens, devices, and assets that is processed and analyzed to monitor and manage traffic and transportation systems, power plants, water supply networks, waste management, law enforcement, information systems, schools, libraries, hospitals, and other community services.", "Smart city __knowledge__ The smart city concept integrates information and communication technology (ICT), and various physical devices connected to the network (the Internet of things or IoT) to optimize the efficiency of city operations and services and connect to citizens.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The dingo (\"Canis lupus dingo\" or \"Canis dingo\") is a type of feral dog native to Australia.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The first British colonists to arrive in 1788 established a settlement at Port Jackson and recorded dingoes living there with indigenous Australians.", "Dingo __knowledge__ Although the dingo exists in the wild, it associates with humans but has not been selectively bred similarly to other domesticated animals.", "Dingo __knowledge__ It is a medium-sized canid that possesses a lean, hardy body designed for speed, agility and stamina.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The dingo's three main coat colours are described as being either light ginger (or tan), black and tan, or creamy white.", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Smart meter __knowledge__ A smart meter is an electronic device that records consumption of electric energy in intervals of an hour or less and communicates that information at least daily back to the utility for monitoring and billing.", "Smart meter __knowledge__ Smart meters enable two-way communication between the meter and the central system.", "Smart meter __knowledge__ Unlike home energy monitors, smart meters can gather data for remote reporting.", "Smart meter __knowledge__ Such an advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) differs from traditional automatic meter reading (AMR) in that it enables two-way communications with the meter.", "Smart meter __knowledge__ Communications from the meter to the network can be done via fixed wired connections (such as power line communications) or via wireless.", "Christopher Smart __knowledge__ Christopher Smart (11 April 1722 – 21 May 1771), also known as \"Kit Smart\", \"Kitty Smart\", and \"Jack Smart\", was an English poet.", "Christopher Smart __knowledge__ He was a major contributor to two popular magazines and a friend to influential cultural icons like Samuel Johnson and Henry Fielding.", "Christopher Smart __knowledge__ Smart, a high church Anglican, was widely known throughout London.", "Christopher Smart __knowledge__ Smart was infamous as the pseudonymous midwife \"Mrs. Mary Midnight\" and widespread accounts of his father-in-law, John Newbery, locking him away in a mental asylum for many years over Smart's supposed religious \"mania\".", "Christopher Smart __knowledge__ Even after Smart's eventual release, a negative reputation continued to pursue him as he was known for incurring more debt than he could repay; this ultimately led to his confinement in debtors' prison until his death." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ The Labrador Retriever, or just Labrador, is a type of retriever-gun dog.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ The Labrador is one of the most popular breeds of dog in Canada, the United Kingdom and the United States.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ A favourite disability assistance breed in many countries, Labradors are frequently trained to aid the blind, those who have autism, to act as a therapy dog, or to perform screening and detection work for law enforcement and other official agencies.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ Additionally, they are prized as sporting and hunting dogs.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ A few kennels breeding their ancestors, the St. John's water dog, were in England.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ At the same time, a combination of the sheep protection policy in Newfoundland and rabies quarantine in the United Kingdom, led to the gradual demise of the St. John's water dog in Canada.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ In the 1830s, the 10th Earl of Home and his nephews the 5th Duke of Buccleuch and Lord John Scott, had imported progenitors of the breed from Newfoundland to Europe for use as gundogs.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ Another early advocate of these Newfoundland dogs, or Labrador Retrievers as they later became known, was the 2nd Earl of Malmesbury who bred them for their expertise in waterfowling.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ During the 1880s, the 3rd Earl of Malmesbury, the 6th Duke of Buccleuch and the 12th Earl of Home collaborated to develop and establish the modern Labrador breed.", "Sexuality and disability __knowledge__ Sexuality and disability is sexual behavior and practices of disabled people.", "Sexuality and disability __knowledge__ Disabled people have a range of sexual desires and differ in the ways they choose to express their sexuality.", "Sexuality and disability __knowledge__ Commonly, people with disabilities lack sex education that would assist in their sexual lives.", "Sexuality and disability __knowledge__ This roots from the idea that disabled people are asexual in nature and are not sexually active.", "Sexuality and disability __knowledge__ Although some disabled people are asexual, it is a misconception to label all as such.", "Sexuality and disability __knowledge__ Many disabled people lack rights and privileges to have intimacy and relationships.", "Sexuality and disability __knowledge__ When it comes to sexuality and disability there is a sexual discourse that surrounds it.", "Disability __knowledge__ Disability is an impairment that may be cognitive, developmental, intellectual, mental, physical, sensory, or some combination of these.", "Disability __knowledge__ It substantially affects a person's life activities and may be present from birth or occur during a person's lifetime.", "Disability __knowledge__ Disability is a contested concept, with different meanings for different communities.", "Disability __knowledge__ It may be used to refer to physical or mental attributes that some institutions, particularly medicine, view as needing to be fixed (the medical model).", "Disability __knowledge__ It may refer to limitations imposed on people by the constraints of an ableist society (the social model).", "Disability in Yemen __knowledge__ Disability in Yemen has been increasing over time, especially because of increased conflict in the area.", "Disability in Yemen __knowledge__ Disabled people in Yemen face many challenges due to poverty, lack of accessible infrastructure, gender segregation and more.", "Disability in Yemen __knowledge__ The government of Yemen has passed laws to help protect the rights of the disabled in their country, but not all laws are equally enforced.", "Disability in Yemen __knowledge__ A 2004 estimate indicated that there were around 380,000 disabled people in Yemen.", "Disability in Yemen __knowledge__ A paper produced by the United Nations (UN) in 2009 estimated the number at between 3 and 5% of the population.", "Disability in Yemen __knowledge__ The Yemen government recorded around 150,000 Yemeni people with disabilities, while in 2014, the Yemeni Handicapped Forum revealed that there were more than two million people living with some type of disability in Yemen.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ The Golden Retriever is a large-sized breed of dog bred as gun dogs to retrieve shot waterfowl such as ducks and upland game birds during hunting and shooting parties, and were named 'retriever' because of their ability to retrieve shot game undamaged.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ Golden Retrievers have an instinctive love of water, and are easy to train to basic or advanced obedience standards.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ They are a long-coated breed, with a dense inner coat that provides them with adequate warmth in the outdoors, and an outer coat that lies flat against their bodies and repels water.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ Golden Retrievers are well suited to residency in suburban or country environments.", "Disability and employment in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ A person has a disability if they have a 'physical or mental impairment and that impairment has a substantial or long-term adverse effect on the individuals' ability to carry out normal, day-to-day activities'...", "Disability and employment in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Even in times of awareness on issues such as gender and race equality in employment, disabled people are still under-represented in the labour market.", "Disability and employment in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The employment rate for disabled people of working age in the UK is 45%, whereas those without a disability it is 77%.", "Disability and employment in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ This is in spite of The Equality Act 2010 requiring employers to make reasonable adjustments for a disabled person so they are not at a 'substantial disadvantage'.", "Disabled People Against Cuts __knowledge__ Disabled People Against Cuts (DPAC) is an organisation based in the United Kingdom for disabled people and allies to campaign against the impact of government spending cuts on the lives of disabled people.", "Disabled People Against Cuts __knowledge__ Formed on 3 October 2010 DPAC promotes full human rights and equality for all disabled people, and operates from the Social Model of Disability.", "Disabled People Against Cuts __knowledge__ The 'Disabled People Protest' demonstration took place outside the Conservative Party annual conference on 3 October 2010 in the pouring rain in Birmingham, England.", "Disabled People Against Cuts __knowledge__ This was the first mass protest against the impact of austerity cuts to disabled people.", "Flying Scholarships for Disabled People __knowledge__ Flying Scholarships for Disabled People (FSDP) is a UK charity based in Fairford, Gloucestershire, dedicated to helping disabled people to learn to fly a light aircraft.", "Flying Scholarships for Disabled People __knowledge__ The stated purpose is to inspire disabled adults, building their confidence, self esteem and aspirations through the sharing of life changing aviation experiences.", "Flying Scholarships for Disabled People __knowledge__ The charity was founded in 1983 by Tim Prince and Paul Bowen of the Royal International Air Tattoo in the memory of Group Captain Sir Douglas Bader, the disabled wartime fighter ace who lost both his legs in an accident in 1931.", "Flying Scholarships for Disabled People __knowledge__ Over 400 disabled people have participated in the scholarship scheme, several are paraplegic, and others are disabled as a result, for example, of cerebral palsy, loss of limbs, rheumatoid arthritis, MS, ME, spina bifida and poliomyelitis.", "Weimaraner __knowledge__ The Weimaraner ( ) is a large dog that was originally bred for hunting in the early 19th century.", "Weimaraner __knowledge__ Early Weimaraners were used by royalty for hunting large game such as boar, bear and deer.", "Weimaraner __knowledge__ As the popularity of large game hunting began to decline, Weimaraners were used for hunting smaller animals like fowl, rabbits and foxes.", "Weimaraner __knowledge__ The Weimaraner is an all-purpose gun dog.", "Weimaraner __knowledge__ The name comes from the Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, Karl August, whose court, based in the city of Weimar (now in the state of Thuringia in modern-day Germany), enjoyed hunting.", "Weimaraner __knowledge__ Today's breed standards are alleged to have developed in the late 18th and early 19th centuries.", "Poodle __knowledge__ The poodle is a group of formal dog breeds, the Standard Poodle, Miniature Poodle and Toy Poodle.", "Poodle __knowledge__ The origins of the poodles are still discussed with a dispute over whether the poodle descends from the old French Barbet breed or from Germany as a type of water dog.", "Poodle __knowledge__ Ranked second most intelligent dog breed just behind the Border Collie, the poodle is skillful in many dog sports and activities, including agility, obedience, tracking to herding, circus performers or assistance dogs.", "Poodle __knowledge__ Poodles have taken top honors in many conformation shows, including \"Best in Show\" at the Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show in 1991 and 2002, and at the World Dog Show in 2007 and 2010.", "Retriever __knowledge__ A retriever is a type of gun dog that retrieves game for a hunter.", "Retriever __knowledge__ Generally gun dogs are divided into three major classifications: retrievers, flushing spaniels, and pointing breeds.", "Retriever __knowledge__ Retrievers were bred primarily to retrieve birds or other prey and return them to the hunter without damage; retrievers are distinguished in that nonslip retrieval is their primary function.", "Retriever __knowledge__ As a result, retriever breeds are bred for soft mouths and a great willingness to please, learn, and obey.", "Retriever __knowledge__ A soft mouth refers to the willingness of the dog to carry game in its mouth without biting into it.", "Retriever __knowledge__ \"Hard mouth\" is a serious fault in a hunting dog and is very difficult to correct.", "English Setter __knowledge__ The English Setter is a medium size breed of dog.", "English Setter __knowledge__ It is part of the Setter family, which includes the red Irish Setters, Irish Red and White Setters, and black-and-tan Gordon Setters.", "English Setter __knowledge__ The mainly white body coat is of medium length with long silky fringes on the back of the legs, under the belly and on the tail.", "English Setter __knowledge__ The coat features flecks of colour, and the different colour varieties are referred to as belton.", "English Setter __knowledge__ A gentle but at times strong-willed, mischievous gun dog, bred for a mix of endurance and athleticism, it is used to hunt for game such as quail, pheasant, and grouse.", "English Setter __knowledge__ When working, the dog will hunt methodically seeking the airborne scent of its prey.", "German Wirehaired Pointer __knowledge__ The German Wirehaired Pointer is a medium to large-sized griffon type breed of dog developed in the 19th century in Germany for hunting.", "German Wirehaired Pointer __knowledge__ It became a leading gun dog in Germany in the later part of the 20th century.", "German Wirehaired Pointer __knowledge__ It is the result of the careful mixing and crossing of the griffon, German Shorthaired Pointer,Deutscher Stichelhaar, Deutscher Kurzhaar, and the hunting Pudelpointer in the late 19th century.", "German Wirehaired Pointer __knowledge__ The German Wirehaired pointer is a well muscled, medium to large-sized dog of distinctive appearance.", "German Wirehaired Pointer __knowledge__ Balanced in size and sturdily built, the breed's most distinguishing characteristics are its weather resistant, wire-like coat and its facial furnishings.", "Flushing dog __knowledge__ A flushing dog is a gun dog trained to flush game, especially birds, by first finding the game then driving it from its hiding place for a hunter to shoot or capture.", "Flushing dog __knowledge__ Flushing dogs are different from other gun dog types such as pointers and setters, dogs which remain still after locating the game, or retrievers, dogs that fetch the game after it has been shot.", "Flushing dog __knowledge__ Some types of dogs have been specially bred for flushing ability, such as Springer, Cocker and other spaniels.", "Flushing dog __knowledge__ Other breeds of gun dog are also often trained as flushing dogs, especially retrievers.", "Flushing dog __knowledge__ Most flushing dogs are very people-friendly and make excellent companions and pets.", "Spaniel __knowledge__ A spaniel is a type of gun dog.", "Spaniel __knowledge__ Spaniels were especially bred to flush game out of denser brush.", "Spaniel __knowledge__ By the late 17th century spaniels had been specialized into water and land breeds.", "Spaniel __knowledge__ The extinct English Water Spaniel was used to retrieve water fowl shot down with arrows.", "Spaniel __knowledge__ Land spaniels were setting spaniels—those that crept forward and pointed their game, allowing hunters to ensnare them with nets, and springing spaniels—those that sprang pheasants and partridges for hunting with falcons, and rabbits for hunting with greyhounds.", "Spaniel __knowledge__ During the 17th century, the role of the spaniel dramatically changed as Englishmen began hunting with flintlocks for wing shooting." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ The Labrador Retriever, or just Labrador, is a type of retriever-gun dog.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ The Labrador is one of the most popular breeds of dog in Canada, the United Kingdom and the United States.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ A favourite disability assistance breed in many countries, Labradors are frequently trained to aid the blind, those who have autism, to act as a therapy dog, or to perform screening and detection work for law enforcement and other official agencies.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ Additionally, they are prized as sporting and hunting dogs.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ A few kennels breeding their ancestors, the St. John's water dog, were in England.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ At the same time, a combination of the sheep protection policy in Newfoundland and rabies quarantine in the United Kingdom, led to the gradual demise of the St. John's water dog in Canada.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ In the 1830s, the 10th Earl of Home and his nephews the 5th Duke of Buccleuch and Lord John Scott, had imported progenitors of the breed from Newfoundland to Europe for use as gundogs.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ Another early advocate of these Newfoundland dogs, or Labrador Retrievers as they later became known, was the 2nd Earl of Malmesbury who bred them for their expertise in waterfowling.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ During the 1880s, the 3rd Earl of Malmesbury, the 6th Duke of Buccleuch and the 12th Earl of Home collaborated to develop and establish the modern Labrador breed.", "Yep Roc Records __knowledge__ Yep Roc Records is an American independent record label based in Hillsborough, North Carolina, and owned by Redeye Distribution.", "Yep Roc Records __knowledge__ Since 1997, the label has released albums from North Carolina and international artists, including Aoife O'Donovan, Chatham County Line, Dave Alvin, Gang of Four, Los Straitjackets, Nick Lowe, Paul Weller, Robyn Hitchcock, Ryan Adams, The Apples in Stereo, The Reverend Horton Heat, Mandolin Orange, and Tift Merritt.", "Yep Roc Records __knowledge__ Tor Hansen started the label in 1997, two years after moving to North Carolina to help manage a chain of record stores in the South.", "Yep Roc Records __knowledge__ In and around the musical hotbed of Chapel Hill, he encountered bands making good music but not really knowing how to get it out.", "Laurence Yep __knowledge__ Laurence Michael Yep (; born June 14, 1948) is a prolific Chinese-American writer, best known for children's books.", "Laurence Yep __knowledge__ In 2005, he received the biennial Laura Ingalls Wilder Medal for his career contribution to American children's literature.", "Laurence Yep __knowledge__ Yep was born in San Francisco to Yep Gim Lew (Thomas) and Franche.", "Laurence Yep __knowledge__ His older brother, Thomas, named him after studying a particular saint in a multicultural neighborhood that consisted of mostly African Americans.", "Laurence Yep __knowledge__ Growing up, he often felt torn between U.S. and Chinese culture, and expressed this in many of his books.", "Laurence Yep __knowledge__ A great deal of his work involves characters feeling alienated or not fitting into their surroundings and environment, something Yep has struggled with since childhood.", "Dragon (fantasy series) __knowledge__ The Dragon series is a tetralogy of fantasy novels by Chinese American author Laurence Yep.", "Dragon (fantasy series) __knowledge__ Yep had already written several books including the Newbery Honor novel \"Dragonwings\" by 1980, when, after undertaking careful research, he decided to adapt Chinese mythology into a fantasy form, something he had always wanted to do since he had sold his first science fiction story at 18.", "Dragon (fantasy series) __knowledge__ He \"tried to stay true to the spirit\" of these myths, but did not try \"to keep their exact details\".", "Dragon (fantasy series) __knowledge__ The \"perfect vehicle\" he chose was a folktale in which the Monkey King captured a river spirit who had flooded an entire city, which he at first tried to conceive in picture book form.", "List of The King of Braves GaoGaiGar characters __knowledge__ This is an index of characters and mecha in the anime and manga \"The King of Braves GaoGaiGar\" and \"The King of Braves GaoGaiGar FINAL\".", "List of The King of Braves GaoGaiGar characters __knowledge__ A brave man with tremendous courage and enthusiasm, and the strength to never give up for the sake of life—even at the possible cost of his own.", "List of The King of Braves GaoGaiGar characters __knowledge__ Former astronaut and test pilot for the Space Development Corporation.", "List of The King of Braves GaoGaiGar characters __knowledge__ In 2003, he had been in orbit testing an experimental space shuttle when an extraterrestrial object (later classified as EI-01) suddenly appeared in his flight path, smashing his shuttle out of the way.", "List of The King of Braves GaoGaiGar characters __knowledge__ This left the shuttle disabled and Guy himself in a near-death state.", "List of villains in VR Troopers __knowledge__ This is a list of villains in the television show \"VR Troopers\".", "List of villains in VR Troopers __knowledge__ Ziktor Industries is a company owned by the fictional Karl Ziktor, aka Grimlord.", "List of villains in VR Troopers __knowledge__ The company served as his base of operations from the other side of the reality barrier.", "List of villains in VR Troopers __knowledge__ It is operated as ruthlessly as the virtual world and is poorly regarded by many of Cross World City's citizens.", "List of villains in VR Troopers __knowledge__ However no one (the Troopers and Professor Hart included) is aware that Ziktor and Grimlord are the same person.", "List of villains in VR Troopers __knowledge__ Very little is seen of the building except for the exterior (taken from Metalder) and Ziktor's office.", "List of villains in VR Troopers __knowledge__ Throughout the show's run, the office scenes mostly serve as a bridge into Ziktor's transformation into Grimlord and most of his actions take place in Virtual Reality than here.", "Where It's At (Yep, Yep) __knowledge__ \"Where It's At (Yep, Yep)\" (also known as \"Where It's At\" in its short title) is a song recorded by American country music artist Dustin Lynch.", "Where It's At (Yep, Yep) __knowledge__ It was released in March 2014 as the first single from his second studio album.", "Where It's At (Yep, Yep) __knowledge__ The album, \"Where It's At\", was released on September 9, 2014.", "Where It's At (Yep, Yep) __knowledge__ The song was written by Cary Barlowe, Zach Crowell and Matt Jenkins.", "Where It's At (Yep, Yep) __knowledge__ The song garnered positive reviews from critics who praised its upbeat instrumentals and Lynch's vocal performance.", "Where It's At (Yep, Yep) __knowledge__ \"Where It's At (Yep Yep)\" was Lynch's first number-one single on the \"Billboard\" Country Airplay chart.", "Where It's At (Yep, Yep) __knowledge__ It also charted at numbers 4 and 42 on both the Hot Country Songs and Hot 100 charts respectively.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters in the television series \"Bones\".", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ The article deals with the series' main, recurring, and minor characters.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ The following characters have been featured in the opening credits of the program.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ Temperance \"Bones\" Brennan (seasons 1–12) works as a forensic anthropologist at the Jeffersonian Institute in Washington, D.C. and is also a best–selling novelist.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ She is nicknamed \"Bones\" by FBI Special Agent Seeley Booth.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ Brennan and Booth work together on Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) cases concerning recently found human remains.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ Although she is an expert in her field, Brennan is socially awkward and has limited knowledge about pop culture.", "Cultural depictions of the dog __knowledge__ Cultural depictions of dogs extend back thousands of years to when dogs were portrayed on the walls of caves.", "Cultural depictions of the dog __knowledge__ Representations of dogs in art became more elaborate as individual breeds evolved and the relationships between human and canine developed.", "Cultural depictions of the dog __knowledge__ Hunting scenes were popular in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance.", "Cultural depictions of the dog __knowledge__ Dogs were depicted to symbolize guidance, protection, loyalty, fidelity, faithfulness, watchfulness, and love.", "Cultural depictions of the dog __knowledge__ As dogs became more domesticated, they were shown as companion animals, often painted sitting on a lady's lap.", "Cultural depictions of the dog __knowledge__ Throughout the art history there is an overwhelming presence of dogs as status symbols and pets in painting mainly in the Western art.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The origin of the domestic dog is not clear.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog is a member of the genus \"Canis\", which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The closest living relative of the dog is the extant gray wolf and there is no evidence of any other canine contributing to its genetic lineage.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The archaeological record shows the first undisputed dog remains buried beside humans 14,700 years ago, with disputed remains occurring 36,000 years ago.", "Rhodesian Ridgeback __knowledge__ The Rhodesian ridgeback is a dog breed developed in South Africa.", "Rhodesian Ridgeback __knowledge__ Its European forebears can be traced to the early pioneers of the Cape Colony of southern Africa, who crossed their dogs with the semi-domesticated, ridged hunting dogs of the Khoikhoi.", "Rhodesian Ridgeback __knowledge__ The Rhodesian Ridgeback has also previously been known as Van Rooyen's lion dog or the African lion hound or African lion dog\"simba inja\" in Ndebele, \"shumba imbwa\" in Shonabecause of its ability to keep a lion at bay while awaiting its master's arrival to make the kill.", "Rhodesian Ridgeback __knowledge__ The original breed standard was drafted by F. R. Barnes, in Bulawayo, Southern Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe), in 1922.", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Gray wolf __knowledge__ The gray wolf (\"Canis lupus\"), also known as the timber wolf or western wolf, is a canine native to the wilderness and remote areas of Eurasia and North America.", "Gray wolf __knowledge__ It is the largest extant member of its family, with males averaging and females .", "Gray wolf __knowledge__ Like the red wolf, it is distinguished from other \"Canis\" species by its larger size and less pointed features, particularly on the ears and muzzle.", "Gray wolf __knowledge__ Its winter fur is long and bushy and predominantly a mottled gray in color, although nearly pure white, red, and brown to black also occur.", "Gray wolf __knowledge__ \"Mammal Species of the World\" (3rd ed., 2005), a standard reference work in zoology, recognises 38 subspecies of \"C. lupus\"..Gray wolfs are pack hunters.", "Taiwan Dog __knowledge__ The Taiwan Dog () is a breed or landrace of small or medium dog indigenous to Taiwan.", "Taiwan Dog __knowledge__ These dogs are also known as Taiwanese Canis, Taiwanese Native Dog () or Takasago Dog ().", "Taiwan Dog __knowledge__ They are well-adapted to the uneven and thickly forested terrain of Taiwan, having become a semi-wild breed prior to the arrival of several colonial reigns and foreign powers.", "Taiwan Dog __knowledge__ Notwithstanding these adaptations, Formosans retained the potential to be trained, and are now used as hunting dogs, guard dogs, stunt dogs, rescue dogs, or simply as companions.", "Taiwan Dog __knowledge__ Formosans are classified into one medium type and two small types.", "Taiwan Dog __knowledge__ However, now the pureblood Formosan Mountain Dog is edging closer to extinction, due to limited conservation efforts of the Taiwanese and their government." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ The Labrador Retriever, or just Labrador, is a type of retriever-gun dog.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ The Labrador is one of the most popular breeds of dog in Canada, the United Kingdom and the United States.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ A favourite disability assistance breed in many countries, Labradors are frequently trained to aid the blind, those who have autism, to act as a therapy dog, or to perform screening and detection work for law enforcement and other official agencies.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ Additionally, they are prized as sporting and hunting dogs.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ A few kennels breeding their ancestors, the St. John's water dog, were in England.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ At the same time, a combination of the sheep protection policy in Newfoundland and rabies quarantine in the United Kingdom, led to the gradual demise of the St. John's water dog in Canada.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ In the 1830s, the 10th Earl of Home and his nephews the 5th Duke of Buccleuch and Lord John Scott, had imported progenitors of the breed from Newfoundland to Europe for use as gundogs.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ Another early advocate of these Newfoundland dogs, or Labrador Retrievers as they later became known, was the 2nd Earl of Malmesbury who bred them for their expertise in waterfowling.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ During the 1880s, the 3rd Earl of Malmesbury, the 6th Duke of Buccleuch and the 12th Earl of Home collaborated to develop and establish the modern Labrador breed.", "Special Activities Division __knowledge__ The Special Activities Division (SAD) is a division of the United States Central Intelligence Agency responsible for covert operations.", "Special Activities Division __knowledge__ Within SAD there are two separate groups: SAD/SOG for tactical paramilitary operations and SAD/PAG for covert political action.", "Special Activities Division __knowledge__ SAD's name changed to Special Activities Center as a result of the modernization and reorganization of the CIA in 2016.", "Special Activities Division __knowledge__ The Special Operations Group (SOG) is the department within SAD responsible for operations that include high-threat military or covert operations which the US government does not wish to be overtly associated.", "Special Activities Division __knowledge__ As such, unit members, called Paramilitary Operations Officers and Specialized Skills Officers, do not typically carry any objects or clothing, e.g., military uniforms, that would associate them with the United States government.", "List of Lab Rats characters __knowledge__ \"Lab Rats\", also known as \"Lab Rats: Bionic Island\" for its fourth season, is an American television sitcom that premiered on February 27, 2012, on Disney XD.", "List of Lab Rats characters __knowledge__ It focuses on the life of teenager Leo Dooley, whose mother, Tasha, marries billionaire genius Donald Davenport.", "List of Lab Rats characters __knowledge__ He meets Adam, Bree, and Chase, three bionic superhumans, with whom he develops an immediate friendship.", "List of Lab Rats characters __knowledge__ It should be noted that the names of the Lab Rats imply that they were originally known as subjects A, B, C and D. Adam was born first, then Bree, then Chase, and finally Daniel.", "List of Lab Rats characters __knowledge__ Chase Davenport (Billy Unger) is the team leader and the second-youngest of the four.", "Axis and Soviet air operations during Operation Barbarossa __knowledge__ Axis and Soviet air operations during Operation Barbarossa took place over a six-month period, 22 June – December, 1941.", "Axis and Soviet air operations during Operation Barbarossa __knowledge__ Aviation played a critical role in the fighting on the Eastern Front during this period, in the battles to gain and maintain air superiority or air supremacy, to offer close air support to armies on battlefield, interdicting enemy supply lines, while supplying friendly forces.", "Axis and Soviet air operations during Operation Barbarossa __knowledge__ The Axis air forces were generally better equipped, trained and experienced in executing military tactics and operations.", "Axis and Soviet air operations during Operation Barbarossa __knowledge__ This superiority increased because of the Great Purge in the 1930s and mass expansion of Soviet air forces, which did severe damage to organisational structures.", "Novi Sad __knowledge__ Novi Sad (, ; ; , the city has a population of 250,439, while the urban area of Novi Sad (with the adjacent urban settlements of Petrovaradin and Sremska Kamenica) has 277,522 inhabitants.", "Novi Sad __knowledge__ The population of the administrative area of the city stands at 341,625 people.", "Novi Sad __knowledge__ Novi Sad was founded in 1694, when Serb merchants formed a colony across the Danube from the Petrovaradin fortress, a Habsburg strategic military post.", "Novi Sad __knowledge__ In the 18th and 19th centuries, it became an important trading and manufacturing centre, as well as a centre of Serbian culture of that period, earning the nickname of the \"Serbian Athens\".", "Occupational therapy in the management of seasonal affective disorder __knowledge__ Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) impacts a variety of occupational performance areas, and occupational therapists (OTs) help individuals cope with SAD by incorporating best practices and principles from various health care disciplines into their therapeutic practice with clients with SAD, including assessment, treatment, and evaluation.", "Occupational therapy in the management of seasonal affective disorder __knowledge__ Care and treatment are holistic and tailored to the client’s goals, needs, and responsiveness to treatments.", "Occupational therapy in the management of seasonal affective disorder __knowledge__ In addition to educating clients on the etiology, prevalence, symptoms, and occupational performance issues associated with SAD, OTs treat patients or educate them on the different types of interventions available.", "Sad Clowns & Hillbillies __knowledge__ Sad Clowns & Hillbillies is the 23rd studio album by American singer-songwriter and musician John Mellencamp.", "Sad Clowns & Hillbillies __knowledge__ It was released on April 28, 2017 by Republic Records.", "Sad Clowns & Hillbillies __knowledge__ The album features significant contributions from Carlene Carter, who worked with Mellencamp on \"Ghost Brothers of Darkland County\", his musical collaboration with Stephen King, and \"Ithaca\", the movie he scored for girlfriend Meg Ryan.", "Sad Clowns & Hillbillies __knowledge__ Carter opened every show of Mellencamp's 2015–2016 Plain Spoken Tour.", "Sad Clowns & Hillbillies __knowledge__ Mellencamp and Carter gave the first glimpse into the project by debuting two songs (\"Indigo Sunset\" and \"My Soul's Got Wings\") live during their 2016 concerts, and Mellencamp dropped \"Easy Target,\" his \"reflection on the state of our country\", on January 19, 2017 – the eve of the 2017 Presidential Inauguration.", "Mac Taylor __knowledge__ Detective Mac Taylor is a fictional character and the co-protagonist of the CBS crime drama \"\".", "Mac Taylor __knowledge__ Portrayed by Gary Sinise, Mac is the Director of the NYPD Crime Lab and the Supervisor of the NYPD CSI team.", "Mac Taylor __knowledge__ Mac appeared in 200 episodes of the \"CSI\" franchise.", "Mac Taylor __knowledge__ Born McCanna Llewellyn Taylor, Mac is the son of McCanna Boyd Taylor and Millie (maiden name unknown).", "Mac Taylor __knowledge__ The elder Taylor served in the United States Army during World War II as a member of the 6th Armored Division, which liberated the concentration camp Buchenwald.", "Mac Taylor __knowledge__ In a taped interview, an elderly Holocaust survivor recounts how Mac's father, then a young Private, restored his dignity and even offered him a candy bar.", "Discworld gods __knowledge__ The Discworld gods are the fictional deities from Terry Pratchett's \"Discworld\" series of fantasy novels.", "Discworld gods __knowledge__ The Discworld, being a flat disc supported on the backs of four elephants on top of a giant flying turtle, exists in a region of the universe where reality is somewhat less consistent than it appears in our own, more mundane corner of existence.", "Discworld gods __knowledge__ Because reality on the Disc is so fragile and malleable, belief has a tendency to take on a life of its own, and gods are far more obvious to the people of the Disc than they appear to us.", "Discworld gods __knowledge__ Gods are everywhere on the Discworld, a crucial element of the world's peculiar ecology that gives power to belief and demands resolution to any and all narratives.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters appearing in the animated series \"Kim Possible\".", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Kimberly Ann \"Kim\" Possible is a crime fighter and high school cheerleading captain who saves the world on a regular basis while dealing with the normal challenges of being a teenager, such as winning cheer competitions, turning in her homework on time, and maintaining a love life.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Her name is a play on the word \"impossible.\"", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Kim has known Ron Stoppable, her sidekick for most missions, since preschool.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ She has also completed missions with Wade, Monique, her brothers, and even her mother.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ In season four, Kim and Ron end up developing romantic feelings for each other and begin dating during their senior year.", "List of Arrested Development characters __knowledge__ \"Arrested Development\" is an American television sitcom that originally aired on the Fox network from November 2, 2003 to February 10, 2006.", "List of Arrested Development characters __knowledge__ A fourth season of 15 episodes was released on Netflix on May 26, 2013.", "List of Arrested Development characters __knowledge__ Created by Mitchell Hurwitz, the show centers on the Bluth family, a formerly wealthy, habitually dysfunctional family, and is presented in a continuous format, incorporating hand-held camera work, narration, archival photos, and historical footage.", "List of Arrested Development characters __knowledge__ The series stars Jason Bateman, Portia de Rossi, Will Arnett, Michael Cera, Alia Shawkat, Tony Hale, David Cross, Jeffrey Tambor, and Jessica Walter.", "Kumayl ibn Ziyad __knowledge__ Kumayl bin Ziyad an-Nakha'i () was among the most loyal companions of Imam Ali Ibn Abi Talib.", "Kumayl ibn Ziyad __knowledge__ Moreover, Kumayl occupies a prominent position in Sunni Islam.", "Kumayl ibn Ziyad __knowledge__ Converting to Islam during the time of Islamic prophet Muhammad, he rose to a position of prominence during the caliphates of Uthman and Ali.", "Kumayl ibn Ziyad __knowledge__ In the caliphate of Ali, Kumayl flourished and served him in the most disciplined of ways.", "Kumayl ibn Ziyad __knowledge__ However, he is recognized for his pious and humble nature as well as preserving Imam Ali's teachings.", "Kumayl ibn Ziyad __knowledge__ Kumayl is best known for the \"du'a\" (supplication) of Prophet Khidr, which is commonly known by the name \"du'a Kumayl.\"", "George Burns __knowledge__ George Burns (born Nathan Birnbaum; January 20, 1896March 9, 1996) was an American comedian, actor, singer, and writer.", "George Burns __knowledge__ He was one of the few entertainers whose career successfully spanned vaudeville, radio, film and television.", "George Burns __knowledge__ His arched eyebrow and cigar-smoke punctuation became familiar trademarks for over three quarters of a century.", "George Burns __knowledge__ He and his wife, Gracie Allen, appeared on radio, television, and film as the comedy duo Burns and Allen.", "George Burns __knowledge__ When Burns was 79, he had a sudden career revival as an amiable, beloved and unusually active comedy elder statesman in the 1975 film \"The Sunshine Boys\", for which he won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor.", "OK Go __knowledge__ OK Go is an American rock band originally from Chicago, Illinois, now based in Los Angeles, California.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band is composed of Damian Kulash (lead vocals, guitar), Tim Nordwind (bass guitar and vocals), Dan Konopka (drums and percussion) and Andy Ross (guitar, keyboards and vocals), who joined them in 2005, replacing Andy Duncan.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band is known for its often quirky and elaborate one-take music videos.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The original members formed as OK Go in 1998 and released two studio albums before Duncan's departure.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band's video for \"Here It Goes Again\" won a Grammy Award for Best Music Video in 2007." ] ]

[ 1, 4, 4, 2 ]

[ "Its a good gun dog. I like more. I plan to buy soon", "And also they prized as sporting and hunting dogs", "Oh god. I m so sad. Ok lab dog will be good friend to you.", "Ok. Its a most popular breeds in canada,UK and US" ]

[ "Labrador Retriever", "Labrador Retriever", "Labrador Retriever", "Labrador Retriever" ]

[ "Giant panda\nHave you ever seen a giant panda? I saw one in a zoo. They are amazing.", "Yeah, I think they are so cute. We should make sure they are not endangered.", "Hah, yeah they are like cartoon animals. More playful than any other bear. I love how their eyes make them look mischievous.", "Hmm I wonder why they like bamboo so much. I guess they must have a big sweet tooth!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The giant panda (\"Ailuropoda melanoleuca\", \"black and white cat-foot\"; , \"big bear cat\"), also known as panda bear or simply panda, is a bear native to south central China.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ It is easily recognized by the large, distinctive black patches around its eyes, over the ears, and across its round body.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The name \"giant panda\" is sometimes used to distinguish it from the unrelated red panda.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ Though it belongs to the order Carnivora, the giant panda's diet is over 99% bamboo.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ Giant pandas in the wild will occasionally eat other grasses, wild tubers, or even meat in the form of birds, rodents, or carrion.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ In captivity, they may receive honey, eggs, fish, yams, shrub leaves, oranges, or bananas along with specially prepared food.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The giant panda lives in a few mountain ranges in central China, mainly in Sichuan, but also in neighbouring Shaanxi and Gansu.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ As a result of farming, deforestation, and other development, the giant panda has been driven out of the lowland areas where it once lived.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The giant panda is a conservation reliant vulnerable species.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ A 2007 report showed 239 pandas living in captivity inside China and another 27 outside the country.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ As of December 2014, 49 giant pandas lived in captivity outside China, living in 18 zoos in 13 different countries.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the DreamWorks animated film media franchise \"Kung Fu Panda\", with their shorts and specials \"Secrets of the Furious Five\", \"Kung Fu Panda Holiday\", \"\", and \"\", as well as the video games and TV show \"\".", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The world of \"Kung Fu Panda\" is a fantasized version of ancient China as typically depicted in the wuxia film genre populated by anthropomorphized Asian animals where the martial arts can have magical qualities on top of extraordinary physical prowess for those sufficiently skilled.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ Master Po Ping (Chinese for \"Precious Peace\"), born Lotus Shan, is the titular protagonist of the \"Kung Fu Panda\" franchise.", "Red panda __knowledge__ The red panda (\"Ailurus fulgens\"), also called the lesser panda, the red bear-cat, and the red cat-bear, is a mammal native to the eastern Himalayas and southwestern China.", "Red panda __knowledge__ It has reddish-brown fur, a long, shaggy tail, and a waddling gait due to its shorter front legs; it is roughly the size of a domestic cat, though with a longer body and somewhat heavier.", "Red panda __knowledge__ It is arboreal, feeds mainly on bamboo, but also eats eggs, birds, and insects.", "Red panda __knowledge__ It is a solitary animal, mainly active from dusk to dawn, and is largely sedentary during the day.", "Red panda __knowledge__ The red panda has been classified as Endangered by the IUCN because its wild population is estimated at less than 10,000 mature individuals and continues to decline due to habitat loss and fragmentation, poaching, and inbreeding depression, although red pandas are protected by national laws in their range countries.", "National Zoological Park (United States) __knowledge__ The National Zoological Park, commonly known as the National Zoo, is one of the oldest zoos in the United States.", "National Zoological Park (United States) __knowledge__ It is part of the Smithsonian Institution and does not charge for admission.", "National Zoological Park (United States) __knowledge__ Founded in 1889, its mission is to \"provide engaging experiences with animals and create and share knowledge to save wildlife and habitats\".", "National Zoological Park (United States) __knowledge__ The National Zoo has two campuses.", "National Zoological Park (United States) __knowledge__ The first is a urban park located at Rock Creek Park in Northwest Washington, D.C., 20 minutes from the National Mall by MetroRail.", "National Zoological Park (United States) __knowledge__ The other campus is the Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute (SCBI; formerly known as the Conservation and Research Center) in Front Royal, Virginia.", "San Diego Zoo __knowledge__ The San Diego Zoo is a zoo in Balboa Park, San Diego, California, housing over 3,700 animals of more than 650 species and subspecies.", "San Diego Zoo __knowledge__ Its parent organization, San Diego Zoo Global, is one of the largest zoological membership associations in the world, with more than 250,000 member households and 130,000 child memberships, representing more than a half million people.", "San Diego Zoo __knowledge__ The San Diego Zoo was a pioneer in the concept of open-air, cageless exhibits that re-create natural animal habitats.", "San Diego Zoo __knowledge__ It is one of the few zoos in the world that houses and successfully breeds the giant panda.", "San Diego Zoo __knowledge__ In 2013, the zoo added a new Koalafornia Adventure exhibit, providing an updated Australian animal experience.", "Bao Bao __knowledge__ Bao Bao (, meaning \"treasure\"; colloquially meaning \"baby\") is a female giant panda cub who was born at the National Zoo in Washington D.C.She was at the Zoo until February 2017, when she traveled to the China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda in Sichuan Province.", "Bao Bao __knowledge__ Bao Bao was born on August 23, 2013, at the National Zoo in Washington D.C.", "Bao Bao __knowledge__ The cub of Mei Xiang and Tian Tian, Bao Bao is a result of artificial insemination of Mei Xiang on March 23, 2013.", "Bao Bao __knowledge__ Giant pandas are listed as vulnerable species, and are protected in part by conservation efforts at reservations and in zoos such as the Smithsonian National Zoo in Washington D.C. Bao Bao is one of only several hundred giant pandas alive today in captivity, among fewer than 2,000 giant pandas in the world, and one the first surviving panda cub born at the National Zoo since Tai Shan in 2005.", "Ling Ling (giant panda) __knowledge__ Ling Ling was born at the Beijing Zoo in Beijing, China, on September 5, 1985.", "Ling Ling (giant panda) __knowledge__ He was given to Japan and the Ueno Zoo in November 1992 by China in exchange for a panda which had been born in Japan.", "Ling Ling (giant panda) __knowledge__ The 1992 panda exchange, between China and Japan, which is often called Panda diplomacy, took place to commemorate the 20th anniversary of the normalization of bilateral Sino-Japanese relations in 1972.", "Ling Ling (giant panda) __knowledge__ He remained one of the Ueno Zoo's most popular attractions for over 15 years.", "Ling Ling (giant panda) __knowledge__ The Ueno Zoo paired Ling Ling with a female panda named Tong Tong.", "Ling Ling (giant panda) __knowledge__ The two pandas became mates, but were unable to breed successfully and produced no offspring." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The giant panda (\"Ailuropoda melanoleuca\", \"black and white cat-foot\"; , \"big bear cat\"), also known as panda bear or simply panda, is a bear native to south central China.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ It is easily recognized by the large, distinctive black patches around its eyes, over the ears, and across its round body.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The name \"giant panda\" is sometimes used to distinguish it from the unrelated red panda.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ Though it belongs to the order Carnivora, the giant panda's diet is over 99% bamboo.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ Giant pandas in the wild will occasionally eat other grasses, wild tubers, or even meat in the form of birds, rodents, or carrion.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ In captivity, they may receive honey, eggs, fish, yams, shrub leaves, oranges, or bananas along with specially prepared food.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The giant panda lives in a few mountain ranges in central China, mainly in Sichuan, but also in neighbouring Shaanxi and Gansu.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ As a result of farming, deforestation, and other development, the giant panda has been driven out of the lowland areas where it once lived.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The giant panda is a conservation reliant vulnerable species.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ A 2007 report showed 239 pandas living in captivity inside China and another 27 outside the country.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ As of December 2014, 49 giant pandas lived in captivity outside China, living in 18 zoos in 13 different countries.", "Political positions of Sarah Palin __knowledge__ Sarah Palin is an American politician, commentator and author who served as the ninth Governor of Alaska, from 2006 to 2009.", "Political positions of Sarah Palin __knowledge__ Palin was the Republican Party nominee for Vice President in the 2008 presidential election alongside Arizona Senator John McCain.", "Political positions of Sarah Palin __knowledge__ She has provided political commentary for Fox News, and expressed her positions on a wide range of political issues during her career in the public eye.", "Political positions of Sarah Palin __knowledge__ Despite attending a Pentecostal church which supported abstinence from alcohol, Palin, then on the Wasilla City Council, cast the deciding vote against restricting the hours during which the city's bars could operate.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) is an American media franchise and shared universe that is centered on a series of superhero films, independently produced by Marvel Studios and based on characters that appear in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The franchise has expanded to include comic books, short films, television series, and digital series.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The shared universe, much like the original Marvel Universe in comic books, was established by crossing over common plot elements, settings, cast, and characters.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Phil Coulson, portrayed by Clark Gregg, is an original character to the MCU and the only character to appear across all the different media of the MCU.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ The Plame affair (also known as the CIA leak scandal and Plamegate) was a political scandal that revolved around journalist Robert Novak's public identification of Valerie Plame as a covert Central Intelligence Agency officer in 2003.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ In 2002, Plame wrote a memo to her superiors in which she expressed hesitation in recommending her husband, former diplomat Joseph C. Wilson, to the CIA for a mission to Niger to investigate claims that Iraq had arranged to purchase and import uranium from the country, but stated that he \"may be in a position to assist\".", "Plame affair __knowledge__ After President George W. Bush stated that \"Saddam Hussein recently sought significant quantities of uranium from Africa\" during the run-up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Wilson published a July 2003 op-ed in \"The New York Times\" stating his doubts during the mission that any such transaction with Iraq had taken place.", "List of Ouran High School Host Club characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the shōjo manga series Ouran High School Host Club, created by Bisco Hatori.", "List of Ouran High School Host Club characters __knowledge__ Ouran Academy is an elite upper school catering to the ultra-rich.", "List of Ouran High School Host Club characters __knowledge__ Haruhi Fujioka is a middle-class scholarship student, a rarity at the school.", "List of Ouran High School Host Club characters __knowledge__ While searching for a quiet place to study, she stumbles upon an unused music room which turns out to be the club room for the school's Host Club — a group of idle rich boys, possessing exceptional good-looks, who entertain female clients.", "List of Ouran High School Host Club characters __knowledge__ After accidentally knocking over a priceless Renaissance vase that's worth far more than Haruhi can possibly repay (¥8 million), she is forced to join the Host Club as an \"errand boy\" to work off her debt.", "Giant pandas around the world __knowledge__ Currently, there are 25 zoos in 17 countries (Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, China (Hong Kong), France, Germany, Indonesia, Japan, Mexico, the Netherlands, Singapore, Spain, Taiwan, Thailand, United Kingdom (Scotland), and United States) that have giant pandas.", "Giant pandas around the world __knowledge__ Finland received its first two pandas in January 2018.", "Giant pandas around the world __knowledge__ These zoos have contracts with China to house these pandas for a few years.", "Giant pandas around the world __knowledge__ Giant pandas are on the IUCN Red List so part of the reason these contracts exist between China and international zoos, is to try to help the species reproduce before they are brought back to their native land.", "National Zoological Park (United States) __knowledge__ The National Zoological Park, commonly known as the National Zoo, is one of the oldest zoos in the United States.", "National Zoological Park (United States) __knowledge__ It is part of the Smithsonian Institution and does not charge for admission.", "National Zoological Park (United States) __knowledge__ Founded in 1889, its mission is to \"provide engaging experiences with animals and create and share knowledge to save wildlife and habitats\".", "National Zoological Park (United States) __knowledge__ The National Zoo has two campuses.", "National Zoological Park (United States) __knowledge__ The first is a urban park located at Rock Creek Park in Northwest Washington, D.C., 20 minutes from the National Mall by MetroRail.", "National Zoological Park (United States) __knowledge__ The other campus is the Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute (SCBI; formerly known as the Conservation and Research Center) in Front Royal, Virginia.", "Panda diplomacy __knowledge__ Panda diplomacy is China's use of giant pandas as diplomatic gifts to other countries.", "Panda diplomacy __knowledge__ The practice existed as far back as the Tang Dynasty, when Empress Wu Zetian (625–705) sent a pair of pandas to the Japanese emperor.", "Panda diplomacy __knowledge__ The People's Republic of China used panda diplomacy in the 1950s and has become known in recent decades for this practice.", "Panda diplomacy __knowledge__ From 1958 to 1982, China gave 23 pandas to nine different countries.", "Panda diplomacy __knowledge__ One highlight of panda diplomacy was the Chinese government's gift of two pandas, Ling-Ling and Hsing-Hsing, to the United States in 1972 after President Richard Nixon's historic visit to China (President Nixon reciprocated by sending back a pair of musk oxen).", "Toronto Zoo __knowledge__ The Toronto Zoo is a zoo located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.", "Toronto Zoo __knowledge__ Founded by Hugh A. Crothers, an industrialist who became the first Chairman of the Metro Toronto Zoological Society in 1966, the zoo opened on August 15, 1974 as the \"Metropolitan Toronto Zoo\", or simply \"Metro Toronto Zoo\", and is owned by the City of Toronto.", "Toronto Zoo __knowledge__ The word \"Metropolitan\" was dropped from its name when the Municipality of Metropolitan Toronto was amalgamated to the current city in 1998.", "Toronto Zoo __knowledge__ The zoo is located near the Rouge River, along the western border of Rouge Park in the city's east end district of Scarborough.", "Toronto Zoo __knowledge__ Encompassing , the Toronto Zoo is the largest zoo in Canada.", "Baylisascaris shroederi __knowledge__ Baylisascaris shroederi, common name giant panda roundworm, is a roundworm (nematode), found ubiquitously in giant pandas of central China, the definitive hosts.", "Baylisascaris shroederi __knowledge__ Baylisascaris larvae in paratenic hosts can migrate, causing visceral larva migrans (VLM).", "Baylisascaris shroederi __knowledge__ Baylisascariasis is characterized by the zoonotic infection of Baylisascaris roundworm humans, no cases have ever been reported globally.", "Baylisascaris shroederi __knowledge__ It is extremely dangerous to the host due to the ability of the parasite's larvae to migrate into brain tissue and cause damage.", "Baylisascaris shroederi __knowledge__ Concern for human infection is minimalized as there are very few giant pandas living today and most people do not encounter giant pandas in their everyday activities.", "Chengdu __knowledge__ Chengdu (), formerly romanized as Chengtu, is a sub-provincial city which serves as the capital of China's Sichuan province.", "Chengdu __knowledge__ It is one of the three most populous cities in Western China (the other two are Chongqing and Xi'an).", "Chengdu __knowledge__ , the administrative area houses 14,427,500 inhabitants, with an urban population of 10,152,632.", "Chengdu __knowledge__ At the time of the 2010 census, Chengdu was the 5th-most populous agglomeration in China, with 10,484,996 inhabitants in the built-up area including Xinjin County and Deyang's Guanghan City.", "Chengdu __knowledge__ The surrounding Chengdu Plain is also known as the \"Country of Heaven\" () and the \"Land of Abundance\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The giant panda (\"Ailuropoda melanoleuca\", \"black and white cat-foot\"; , \"big bear cat\"), also known as panda bear or simply panda, is a bear native to south central China.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ It is easily recognized by the large, distinctive black patches around its eyes, over the ears, and across its round body.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The name \"giant panda\" is sometimes used to distinguish it from the unrelated red panda.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ Though it belongs to the order Carnivora, the giant panda's diet is over 99% bamboo.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ Giant pandas in the wild will occasionally eat other grasses, wild tubers, or even meat in the form of birds, rodents, or carrion.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ In captivity, they may receive honey, eggs, fish, yams, shrub leaves, oranges, or bananas along with specially prepared food.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The giant panda lives in a few mountain ranges in central China, mainly in Sichuan, but also in neighbouring Shaanxi and Gansu.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ As a result of farming, deforestation, and other development, the giant panda has been driven out of the lowland areas where it once lived.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The giant panda is a conservation reliant vulnerable species.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ A 2007 report showed 239 pandas living in captivity inside China and another 27 outside the country.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ As of December 2014, 49 giant pandas lived in captivity outside China, living in 18 zoos in 13 different countries.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "List of Care Bear characters __knowledge__ The Care Bears are a group of characters created by the U.S. greeting card company American Greetings in 1981.", "List of Care Bear characters __knowledge__ The title characters originally appeared in card artwork by Elena Kucharik, before branching out into various media and merchandise.", "List of Care Bear characters __knowledge__ The franchise launched in 1982 with ten title characters, and in 1984 added several more characters known as the Care Bear Cousins.", "List of Care Bear characters __knowledge__ Each of the Care Bears and Care Bear Cousins has a \"tummy symbol\" — a picture or pattern that indicates the role or specialty of the character bearing it.", "List of Care Bear characters __knowledge__ Beginning with \"\", \"tummy symbols\" are sometimes referred to as \"belly badges.\"", "List of Donald Duck universe characters __knowledge__ This list of Donald Duck universe characters focuses on Disney cartoon characters who typically appear with Donald Duck and Scrooge McDuck, but are not related to them.", "List of Donald Duck universe characters __knowledge__ For relatives of Donald and Scrooge, see Duck family (Disney) or Clan McDuck.", "List of Donald Duck universe characters __knowledge__ For characters exclusive to the \"DuckTales\" franchise, see List of \"DuckTales\" characters.", "List of Donald Duck universe characters __knowledge__ Ducks are the most common type of named characters in the Donald Duck universe.", "List of Donald Duck universe characters __knowledge__ Like Donald, they appear as white American Pekin ducks.", "List of Donald Duck universe characters __knowledge__ This section contains a list of characters with the surname \"Duck\" who are not related to Donald.", "List of Donald Duck universe characters __knowledge__ As Don Rosa explained, \"Duck\" is an common name in Duckburg (just as \"Smith\" or \"Jones\" are common in the real-life United States) and does not necessarily identify a blood relation of Donald.", "Ticklish Reuben __knowledge__ \"Ticklish Reuben\" is a folk song written by Cal Stewart in 1900.", "Ticklish Reuben __knowledge__ Released on the Victor Label, the song is a prime example of the \"laughing song\" genre.", "Ticklish Reuben __knowledge__ Initially, the tune starts off normally, then descends into an abyss of maniacal, sinister laughing.", "Ticklish Reuben __knowledge__ \"Oh\", \"My name is Ticklish Reuben\" \"From way down in old Vermont\" \"And ev'rything seems ticklish to me\" \"I've been tickled by a feather\" \"I've been tickled by a wasp\" \"I've been tickled by a yellow bumblebee\" \"I have always got a tickled sort of way about my clothes\" \"It doesn't really matter where I be\" \"I am tickled in the morning and I'm tickled in the night\" \"Something's always sure to tickle me\" \"hah hah hah hah hah hah hah hah hah hah hah hah hah hah\" \"hah hah hah hah hah hah hah hah hah hah\" \"Once I put some pepper into Dad's snuffbox\" \"And the way he acted was a sight to see\" \"Well he coughed and he sneezed till I thought he'd have a fit\" \"And then he took me out to tickle me\" \"I was always getting tickled by someone about the house\" \"So why they take to ticklin' I could never see\" \"And the apple-butter paddle it is all in splinters now\" \"Daddy wore it out a-ticklin' me\"", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "List of Oz characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters in the original sequel Oz books by American author L. Frank Baum, and in the later continued Oz series by his grandson Roger S. Baum, Ruth Plumly Thompson, John R. Neill, Jack Snow, Rachel Cosgrove Payes, Eloise Jarvis McGraw and Lauren McGraw, Dick Martin, Eric Shanower, and Sherwood Smith.", "List of Oz characters __knowledge__ Characters from Gregory Maguire's \"Wicked\" are not included, as his works, among others such as the work of March Laumer, are considered \"heretical\" in Baum scholarship (The term \"heretical\" was first applied to these books by Dr. Stephen J. Teller of Pittsburg State University in the Winter 1988 issue of \"The Baum Bugle\" and appears regularly in Oz fandom).", "Iroquois mythology __knowledge__ Much of the mythology of the Iroquois (a confederacy of originally Five, later Six Nations of Native Americans) has been lost.", "Iroquois mythology __knowledge__ Some of their religious stories have been preserved, including creation stories and some folktales.", "Iroquois mythology __knowledge__ Written down later, the spellings of names differed, and different versions of many stories exist reflecting both different localities and different times.", "Iroquois mythology __knowledge__ It is possible that the versions that were recorded were influenced by Christianity.", "Iroquois mythology __knowledge__ Each village had its own storyteller who was responsible for learning all the stories by heart.", "Iroquois mythology __knowledge__ No stories were ever told during the summer months.", "Giant pandas around the world __knowledge__ Currently, there are 25 zoos in 17 countries (Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, China (Hong Kong), France, Germany, Indonesia, Japan, Mexico, the Netherlands, Singapore, Spain, Taiwan, Thailand, United Kingdom (Scotland), and United States) that have giant pandas.", "Giant pandas around the world __knowledge__ Finland received its first two pandas in January 2018.", "Giant pandas around the world __knowledge__ These zoos have contracts with China to house these pandas for a few years.", "Giant pandas around the world __knowledge__ Giant pandas are on the IUCN Red List so part of the reason these contracts exist between China and international zoos, is to try to help the species reproduce before they are brought back to their native land.", "Panda diplomacy __knowledge__ Panda diplomacy is China's use of giant pandas as diplomatic gifts to other countries.", "Panda diplomacy __knowledge__ The practice existed as far back as the Tang Dynasty, when Empress Wu Zetian (625–705) sent a pair of pandas to the Japanese emperor.", "Panda diplomacy __knowledge__ The People's Republic of China used panda diplomacy in the 1950s and has become known in recent decades for this practice.", "Panda diplomacy __knowledge__ From 1958 to 1982, China gave 23 pandas to nine different countries.", "Panda diplomacy __knowledge__ One highlight of panda diplomacy was the Chinese government's gift of two pandas, Ling-Ling and Hsing-Hsing, to the United States in 1972 after President Richard Nixon's historic visit to China (President Nixon reciprocated by sending back a pair of musk oxen).", "National Zoological Park (United States) __knowledge__ The National Zoological Park, commonly known as the National Zoo, is one of the oldest zoos in the United States.", "National Zoological Park (United States) __knowledge__ It is part of the Smithsonian Institution and does not charge for admission.", "National Zoological Park (United States) __knowledge__ Founded in 1889, its mission is to \"provide engaging experiences with animals and create and share knowledge to save wildlife and habitats\".", "National Zoological Park (United States) __knowledge__ The National Zoo has two campuses.", "National Zoological Park (United States) __knowledge__ The first is a urban park located at Rock Creek Park in Northwest Washington, D.C., 20 minutes from the National Mall by MetroRail.", "National Zoological Park (United States) __knowledge__ The other campus is the Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute (SCBI; formerly known as the Conservation and Research Center) in Front Royal, Virginia.", "Chengdu __knowledge__ Chengdu (), formerly romanized as Chengtu, is a sub-provincial city which serves as the capital of China's Sichuan province.", "Chengdu __knowledge__ It is one of the three most populous cities in Western China (the other two are Chongqing and Xi'an).", "Chengdu __knowledge__ , the administrative area houses 14,427,500 inhabitants, with an urban population of 10,152,632.", "Chengdu __knowledge__ At the time of the 2010 census, Chengdu was the 5th-most populous agglomeration in China, with 10,484,996 inhabitants in the built-up area including Xinjin County and Deyang's Guanghan City.", "Chengdu __knowledge__ The surrounding Chengdu Plain is also known as the \"Country of Heaven\" () and the \"Land of Abundance\".", "Baylisascaris shroederi __knowledge__ Baylisascaris shroederi, common name giant panda roundworm, is a roundworm (nematode), found ubiquitously in giant pandas of central China, the definitive hosts.", "Baylisascaris shroederi __knowledge__ Baylisascaris larvae in paratenic hosts can migrate, causing visceral larva migrans (VLM).", "Baylisascaris shroederi __knowledge__ Baylisascariasis is characterized by the zoonotic infection of Baylisascaris roundworm humans, no cases have ever been reported globally.", "Baylisascaris shroederi __knowledge__ It is extremely dangerous to the host due to the ability of the parasite's larvae to migrate into brain tissue and cause damage.", "Baylisascaris shroederi __knowledge__ Concern for human infection is minimalized as there are very few giant pandas living today and most people do not encounter giant pandas in their everyday activities.", "Toronto Zoo __knowledge__ The Toronto Zoo is a zoo located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.", "Toronto Zoo __knowledge__ Founded by Hugh A. Crothers, an industrialist who became the first Chairman of the Metro Toronto Zoological Society in 1966, the zoo opened on August 15, 1974 as the \"Metropolitan Toronto Zoo\", or simply \"Metro Toronto Zoo\", and is owned by the City of Toronto.", "Toronto Zoo __knowledge__ The word \"Metropolitan\" was dropped from its name when the Municipality of Metropolitan Toronto was amalgamated to the current city in 1998.", "Toronto Zoo __knowledge__ The zoo is located near the Rouge River, along the western border of Rouge Park in the city's east end district of Scarborough.", "Toronto Zoo __knowledge__ Encompassing , the Toronto Zoo is the largest zoo in Canada." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The giant panda (\"Ailuropoda melanoleuca\", \"black and white cat-foot\"; , \"big bear cat\"), also known as panda bear or simply panda, is a bear native to south central China.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ It is easily recognized by the large, distinctive black patches around its eyes, over the ears, and across its round body.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The name \"giant panda\" is sometimes used to distinguish it from the unrelated red panda.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ Though it belongs to the order Carnivora, the giant panda's diet is over 99% bamboo.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ Giant pandas in the wild will occasionally eat other grasses, wild tubers, or even meat in the form of birds, rodents, or carrion.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ In captivity, they may receive honey, eggs, fish, yams, shrub leaves, oranges, or bananas along with specially prepared food.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The giant panda lives in a few mountain ranges in central China, mainly in Sichuan, but also in neighbouring Shaanxi and Gansu.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ As a result of farming, deforestation, and other development, the giant panda has been driven out of the lowland areas where it once lived.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The giant panda is a conservation reliant vulnerable species.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ A 2007 report showed 239 pandas living in captivity inside China and another 27 outside the country.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ As of December 2014, 49 giant pandas lived in captivity outside China, living in 18 zoos in 13 different countries.", "Sweet Tooth (Twisted Metal) __knowledge__ Sweet Tooth, real name Marcus \"Needles\" Kane, is a fictional character from the \"Twisted Metal\" video game series.", "Sweet Tooth (Twisted Metal) __knowledge__ Sweet Tooth is designed around the premise of a killer clown that drives a combat ice cream truck, and his face has been featured on the cover of every \"Twisted Metal\" game to date, making him the series mascot.", "Sweet Tooth (Twisted Metal) __knowledge__ While being in every title of the series, he has not always been immediately available, requiring to be unlocked in some.", "Sweet Tooth (Twisted Metal) __knowledge__ He is the only character (besides Marcus Kane), to drive more than one vehicle in any of the games, being the driver of Head-On's Dark Tooth, Tower Tooth, and as of \"Twisted Metal: Lost\", Gold Tooth.", "Twisted Metal (2012 video game) __knowledge__ Twisted Metal is a vehicle combat video game developed by Eat Sleep Play and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation 3.", "Twisted Metal (2012 video game) __knowledge__ It is a reboot of the \"Twisted Metal\" franchise.", "Twisted Metal (2012 video game) __knowledge__ The game was originally planned to be released in October 2011 but was delayed to early 2012.", "Twisted Metal (2012 video game) __knowledge__ The game focuses heavily on multiplayer combat, including various online game modes with up to 4 player split-screen and 16-players online.", "Twisted Metal (2012 video game) __knowledge__ For example, the Nuke Mode is a new online game mode where you choose a faction to play against an opposing faction.", "Twisted Metal (2012 video game) __knowledge__ In this mode, each faction has a giant metal statue that is being held in the air by a helicopter, which the opposing team must try to destroy.", "Sweet Tooth (Vertigo) __knowledge__ Sweet Tooth is an American comic book limited series written and drawn by Canadian Jeff Lemire and published by DC Comics' Vertigo imprint.", "Sweet Tooth (Vertigo) __knowledge__ Dubbed by some as \"Mad Max meets Bambi\", it takes place in a mostly rural post-apocalyptic setting where some creatures are human/animal hybrids.", "Sweet Tooth (Vertigo) __knowledge__ Gus, a young boy with deer features, lives a quiet life deep in the woods with his father.", "Sweet Tooth (Vertigo) __knowledge__ He learns many things, from medical care to religious prophecy.", "Sweet Tooth (Vertigo) __knowledge__ Though he loves his religious father, he yearns to escape as he learns that there is not fire past the trees, but simply more land.", "Sweet Tooth (Vertigo) __knowledge__ Sometime after Gus' father passes from an illness, strange men come to capture him.", "Sweet Tooth (novel) __knowledge__ Sweet Tooth is a novel by the English writer Ian McEwan, published on 21 August 2012.", "Sweet Tooth (novel) __knowledge__ It deals with the experiences of its protagonist, Serena Frome, during the early 1970s.", "Sweet Tooth (novel) __knowledge__ After graduating from Cambridge she is recruited by MI5, and becomes involved in a covert program to combat communism by infiltrating the intellectual world.", "Sweet Tooth (novel) __knowledge__ When she becomes romantically involved with her mark, complications ensue.", "Sweet Tooth (novel) __knowledge__ McEwan wanted to write a novel dealing with the social turmoil of the 1970s, and \"Sweet Tooth\" is to a large extent based on his own life.", "Sweet Tooth (novel) __knowledge__ The story explores the relationship between artistic integrity and government propaganda, and addresses competing approaches to literature; the boundary between reality and fiction is tested throughout.", "Sweet Tooth (comics) __knowledge__ Sweet Tooth was a British comic strip, created by Trevor Metcalfe in January 1973 and first published in the magazine \"Whizzer and Chips\".", "Sweet Tooth (comics) __knowledge__ When the magazine merged with \"Buster\" in 1990 the series continued until the magazine was disestablished in 2000.", "Sweet Tooth (comics) __knowledge__ The comic centers around a boy, Sweet Tooth, who enjoys eating sweets so much that he has only one tooth left.", "Sweet Tooth (comics) __knowledge__ He is frequently bullied by another boy, Bully Bloggs (Greedy Greg in later stories), who often steals his sweets away.", "Sweet Tooth (comics) __knowledge__ Sweet Tooth always manages to get his humorous revenge in the end.", "Sweet Tooth (comics) __knowledge__ Though other artists, including Vic Neill drew strips from time to time, Trevor Metcalfe was the main artist throughout, though Jack Edward Oliver included \"Sweet Tooth\" on the last page of the final issue of \"Buster\" in January 2000, explaining that Sweet Tooth's \"sweet tooth\" eventually went bad from all the sweet eating.", "Holy Musical B@man! __knowledge__ Holy Musical B@man!", "Holy Musical B@man! __knowledge__ is a musical with music and lyrics by Nick Gage and Scott Lamps, and a book by Matt Lang and Nick Lang.", "Holy Musical B@man! __knowledge__ \"Holy Musical B@man!\"", "Holy Musical B@man! __knowledge__ is a parody musical based upon DC Universe's Batman comic books, as well as the 1989 film and 2008's \"The Dark Knight\".", "Holy Musical B@man! __knowledge__ The name \"Holy Musical B@man!\"", "Holy Musical B@man! __knowledge__ is a reference to the 1960s television series, \"Batman\" with Adam West and Burt Ward.", "Holy Musical B@man! __knowledge__ Robin (Burt Ward) would often make a pun related to the related conflict by saying \"Holy ____!\"", "Holy Musical B@man! __knowledge__ which gave inspiration to the play's name.", "Holy Musical B@man! __knowledge__ After the brutal murder of his parents, Bruce Wayne commits his life to waging a one-man war on crime.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that appear in \"\".", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are listed in alphabetical order.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Most characters are seen in their classic appearance (Catwoman, Green Arrow), while others (Blue Beetle) have their current costume.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Some have even been re-imagined for the show (the Outsiders).", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are described below using in-universe tone.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ 'Mazing Man is a short man who dresses up as a superhero.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ In the \"Kitty Catastrophe\" segment of \"Four Star Spectacular\", he is the accident-prone catsitter for a couple named Owen and Fiona.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ It is apparent that Batman is his favorite superhero and the inspiration for his costume.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Yea ( ) is a town in Victoria, Australia north-east of Melbourne at the junction of the Goulburn Valley Highway and the Melba Highway, in the Shire of Murrindindi local government area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ In an area originally inhabited by the Taungurong people, it was first visited by Europeans of the Hume and Hovell expedition in 1824, and within 15 years most of the land in the area had been taken up by graziers.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Surveyed in 1855, the township grew as a service centre for grazing, gold-mining and timber-getting in the area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ The town has had a fairly stable population (around 1,100) since 1900, though it now has a relatively old population.", "Even Tho __knowledge__ \"Even Tho\" is the second single from Joseph Arthur's fourth studio album \"Our Shadows Will Remain\".", "Even Tho __knowledge__ \"Even Tho\" features strings provided by the City of Prague Philharmonic.", "Even Tho __knowledge__ The single was released on September 26, 2005, in the UK on CD and 10\" vinyl formats.", "Even Tho __knowledge__ The album takes its title from a line in the song: \"No one to hold / The world will make a dream and a prayer out of our bones / To find where we belong / \"Our shadows will remain\" even after we are gone.\"", "Even Tho __knowledge__ A video for the song was produced, directed by Noaz Deshe and David Incorvaia.", "Even Tho __knowledge__ It features a wind-up toy pig and his adventures through the world.", "Our Shadows Will Remain __knowledge__ Our Shadows Will Remain is the fourth studio album by Joseph Arthur.", "Our Shadows Will Remain __knowledge__ The album was released in the US on September 28, 2004 on 12\" vinyl and October 12, 2004 on CD, then in the UK on July 11, 2005 on CD and double 12\" vinyl.", "Our Shadows Will Remain __knowledge__ The recording sessions also spawned the companion EP, \"And the Thieves Are Gone.\"", "Our Shadows Will Remain __knowledge__ There were four singles released when the album was picked up for UK distribution by 14th Floor Records.", "Our Shadows Will Remain __knowledge__ An extensive nationwide tour of the US followed the album's release, including dates with Joan Wasser.", "Our Shadows Will Remain __knowledge__ In 2005, Arthur went on a brief tour throughout Europe with R.E.M.", "Our Shadows Will Remain __knowledge__ Joseph Arthur began the recording of \"Our Shadows Will Remain\" shortly after tour dates supporting Tracy Chapman and worldwide solo tour dates (promoting his previous album \"Redemption's Son\") in late 2003.", "Carnivora __knowledge__ Carnivora (; from Latin \"carō\" (stem \"carn-\") \"flesh\" and \"vorāre\" \"to devour\") is a diverse scrotiferan order that includes over 280 species of placental mammals.", "Carnivora __knowledge__ Its members are formally referred to as carnivorans, whereas the word \"carnivore\" (often popularly applied to members of this group) can refer to any meat-eating organism.", "Carnivora __knowledge__ Carnivorans are the most diverse in size of any mammalian order, ranging from the least weasel (\"Mustela nivalis\"), at as little as and , to the polar bear (\"Ursus maritimus\"), which can weigh up to , to the southern elephant seal (\"Mirounga leonina\"), whose adult males weigh up to and measure up to in length.", "Bear __knowledge__ Bears are carnivoran mammals of the family Ursidae.", "Bear __knowledge__ They are classified as caniforms, or doglike carnivorans.", "Bear __knowledge__ Although only eight species of bears are extant, they are widespread, appearing in a wide variety of habitats throughout the Northern Hemisphere and partially in the Southern Hemisphere.", "Bear __knowledge__ Bears are found on the continents of North America, South America, Europe, and Asia.", "Bear __knowledge__ Common characteristics of modern bears include large bodies with stocky legs, long snouts, small rounded ears, shaggy hair, plantigrade paws with five nonretractile claws, and short tails.", "Bear __knowledge__ While the polar bear is mostly carnivorous, and the giant panda feeds almost entirely on bamboo, the remaining six species are omnivorous with varied diets.", "Bamboo __knowledge__ The bamboos are evergreen perennial flowering plants in the subfamily Bambusoideae of the grass family Poaceae.", "Bamboo __knowledge__ In bamboo, as in other grasses, the internodal regions of the stem are usually hollow and the vascular bundles in the cross section are scattered throughout the stem instead of in a cylindrical arrangement.", "Bamboo __knowledge__ The dicotyledonous woody xylem is also absent.", "Bamboo __knowledge__ The absence of secondary growth wood causes the stems of monocots, including the palms and large bamboos, to be columnar rather than tapering.", "Bamboo __knowledge__ Bamboos include some of the fastest-growing plants in the world, due to a unique rhizome-dependent system." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 4, 4 ]

[ "Giant pandas are so cute and fluffy, nothing like a normal bear", "Hard not to when the giant pandas act so dumb haha, they just roll around and do nothing, not really like bears", "Yea and all they do is eat bamboo even tho they are carnivora", "Yep they eat a diet of 99% bamboo" ]

[ "Giant panda", "Giant panda", "Giant panda", "Giant panda" ]

[ "Pizza", "Yes, I love supreme pizza's, what do you like?", "Oh really, I have never heard of that place. Is it only in California?", "That's neat, I will have to check it out! I usually get papa john's pizza. So what type of pizza's do they have?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "A Love Supreme __knowledge__ A Love Supreme is a 1965 studio album by American jazz saxophonist and bandleader John Coltrane.", "A Love Supreme __knowledge__ He recorded the album with his quartet—featuring pianist McCoy Tyner, bassist Jimmy Garrison, and drummer Elvin Jones—in one session on December 9, 1964, at Van Gelder Studio in Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey.", "A Love Supreme __knowledge__ \"A Love Supreme\" was released by Impulse!", "A Love Supreme __knowledge__ Records in January 1965 and became a top-selling album for Coltrane, as well as one of jazz's most critically acclaimed recordings.", "A Love Supreme __knowledge__ Since then, it has often been viewed as one of the greatest albums of all time, a deeply spiritual work, and Coltrane's masterpiece.", "John Coltrane __knowledge__ John William Coltrane, also known as \"Trane\" (September 23, 1926 – July 17, 1967), was an American jazz saxophonist and composer.", "John Coltrane __knowledge__ Working in the bebop and hard bop idioms early in his career, Coltrane helped pioneer the use of modes in jazz and was later at the forefront of free jazz.", "John Coltrane __knowledge__ He led at least fifty recording sessions during his career, and appeared as a sideman on many albums by other musicians, including trumpeter Miles Davis and pianist Thelonious Monk.", "John Coltrane __knowledge__ As his career progressed, Coltrane and his music took on an increasingly spiritual dimension.", "John Coltrane __knowledge__ Coltrane influenced innumerable musicians, and remains one of the most significant saxophonists in music history.", "Little Caesars __knowledge__ Little Caesar Enterprises Inc. (doing business as Little Caesars) is the third-largest pizza chain in the United States, behind Pizza Hut and Domino's Pizza.", "Little Caesars __knowledge__ It operates and franchises pizza restaurants in the United States and internationally in Asia, the Middle East, Australia, Canada, Latin America and the Caribbean.", "Little Caesars __knowledge__ The company was founded in 1959 and is based in Detroit, Michigan, headquartered in the Fox Theatre building in Downtown.", "Little Caesars __knowledge__ Little Caesar Enterprises, Inc. operates as a subsidiary of Ilitch Holdings, Inc. Little Caesars Pizza was founded on May 8, 1959, by Mike Ilitch and his wife Marian Ilitch.", "Love Devotion Surrender __knowledge__ Love Devotion Surrender is an album released in 1973 by guitarists Carlos Santana and John McLaughlin, with the backing of their respective bands, Santana and The Mahavishnu Orchestra.", "Love Devotion Surrender __knowledge__ The album was inspired by the teachings of Sri Chinmoy and intended as a tribute to John Coltrane.", "Love Devotion Surrender __knowledge__ It contains two Coltrane compositions, two McLaughlin songs, and a traditional gospel song arranged by Santana and McLaughlin.", "Love Devotion Surrender __knowledge__ It was certified Gold in 1973.", "Love Devotion Surrender __knowledge__ In 2003, \"Love Devotion Surrender\" was released on CD with alternative versions as bonus tracks.", "Love Devotion Surrender __knowledge__ Both men were recent disciples of the guru Sri Chinmoy, and the title of the album echoes basic concepts of Chinmoy's philosophy, which focused on \"love, devotion and surrender\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Couples 4 is the eleventh season of the NBC reality television series entitled \"The Biggest Loser\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize, which was awarded to Olivia Ward, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ It premiered on January 4, 2011.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ Along with existing trainers Bob Harper and Jillian Michaels, two new trainers (Cara Castronuova and Brett Hoebel) will be featured who were revealed in Week 3.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ One of the featured contestants is Rulon Gardner, a former gold medalist at the 2000 Summer Olympics.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ It was the longest season in Biggest Loser history at 20 weeks long.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "Love Supreme Festival __knowledge__ The Love Supreme Jazz Festival is a three-day UK music festival, established in 2013, which is named after the John Coltrane album 'A Love Supreme'.", "Love Supreme Festival __knowledge__ The festival is presented by UK digital radio station Jazz FM and is planned and produced by Neapolitan Music, Ingenious Media and Serious.", "Love Supreme Festival __knowledge__ The festival line up consists of jazz, soul and blues acts.", "Love Supreme Festival __knowledge__ The first Love Supreme Jazz Festival was held in Glynde Place, in East Sussex.", "Love Supreme Festival __knowledge__ The festival site opened on the Friday 5 July 2013 with local bands playing followed by the return of Jazz FM club night Funky Sensation, with presenters Chris Philips, Pru Fiddy, John Osborne and Jeff Young DJed.", "My Favorite Kind of Geniie __knowledge__ My Favorite Kind of Geniie () is Taiwanese Mandopop artist Genie Chuo's () fourth Mandarin studio album.", "My Favorite Kind of Geniie __knowledge__ It was released by Rock Records on 7 November 2008 with two album cover versions: \"My Favorite Kind of Geniie (Sexy Edition)\" (超級喜歡 [初] 輕熟性感盤) and \"My Favorite Kind of Geniie (Sweet Edition)\" (超級喜歡 [漾] 可口甜心盤) both with the same bonus DVD.", "My Favorite Kind of Geniie __knowledge__ Two more editions were released: \"My Favorite Kind of Geniie (Collectable Edition)\" (超級喜歡 獨家快樂珍藏盤) on 23 December 2008 and \"My Favorite Kind of Geniie (New Year Edition)\" (超級喜歡 新春感謝回饋盤) on 20 January 2009, both with different bonus DVD.", "My Favorite Kind of Geniie __knowledge__ Four editions were released by Rock Records:", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of main characters in the \"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\" franchise.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ The Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles are a team of mutant red-eared sliders named after four Renaissance artists and living in the sewers of New York City, where they train by day and fight crime by night as ninjas.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Leonardo is the calm and courageous leader of the Ninja Turtles.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ He is the most devoted student to Master Splinter and the study of Ninjutsu.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Leo wears a blue mask and wields two ninjakens, also known as ninjatō.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Raphael is the tough, sarcastic bad boy of the Ninja Turtles.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Raph wears a red mask and wields a pair of sais.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ \"Regular Show\" is an American animated series created by J. G. Quintel.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ The series contains many characters, with seven main characters and various recurring and one-time characters.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai (voiced by J. G. Quintel) is a 5'10\" anthropomorphic blue jay (6' including the crest) who works as a groundskeeper at The Park.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ He has been best friends with Rigby ever since childhood, and together they are very lazy and constantly slack off at their jobs there.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai is more conscientious, mature, and moral about his actions than Rigby is, which sometimes leads to his opposing Rigby when he is the cause of some kind of chaotic problem.", "Musicianship of Brian Wilson __knowledge__ The songwriting of American musician Brian Wilson, co-founder and multi-tasking leader of the Beach Boys, is widely considered to be among the most innovative and significant of the late 20th century.", "Musicianship of Brian Wilson __knowledge__ His combined arranging, producing, and songwriting skills also made him a major innovator in the field of music production.", "Musicianship of Brian Wilson __knowledge__ In a 1966 article that asks \"Do the Beach Boys rely too much on sound genius Brian?\"", "Musicianship of Brian Wilson __knowledge__ brother and bandmate Carl Wilson said that every member of the group contributes ideas, that Brian was most responsible for their music.", "Musicianship of Brian Wilson __knowledge__ Dennis Wilson said: \"Brian Wilson \"is\" the Beach Boys." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "Tom Traubert's Blues __knowledge__ \"Tom Traubert's Blues (Four Sheets to the Wind in Copenhagen)\" (commonly known as \"Tom Traubert's Blues\" and sometimes, incorrectly, as \"Waltzing Matilda\") is a song by American rock musician Tom Waits.", "Tom Traubert's Blues __knowledge__ It is the opening track on Waits' third studio album \"Small Change\", released in September 1976 on Asylum Records.", "Tom Traubert's Blues __knowledge__ Written by Waits and produced by Bones Howe, the song's chorus is derived from the Australian folk song \"Waltzing Matilda\" and its lyrics narrate alcohol abuse, inspired by Waits' own experiences in Los Angeles and Copenhagen.", "Tom Traubert's Blues __knowledge__ The song is considered one of Waits' signature songs and was described by Howe as \"the work of an extremely talented lyricist\".", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ Francis Albert Sinatra (; December 12, 1915 – May 14, 1998) was an American singer, actor, and producer who was one of the most popular and influential musical artists of the 20th century.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ He is one of the best-selling music artists of all time, having sold more than 150million records worldwide.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ Born in Hoboken, New Jersey, to Italian immigrants, Sinatra began his musical career in the swing era with bandleaders Harry James and Tommy Dorsey.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ Sinatra found success as a solo artist after he signed with Columbia Records in 1943, becoming the idol of the \"bobby soxers\".", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ He released his debut album, \"The Voice of Frank Sinatra\", in 1946.", "Fate of the unlearned __knowledge__ The fate of the unlearned, also known as the destiny of the unevangelized, is an eschatological question about the ultimate destiny of people who have not been exposed to a particular theology or doctrine and thus have no opportunity to embrace it.", "Fate of the unlearned __knowledge__ The question is whether those who never hear of requirements issued through divine revelations will be punished for failure to abide by those requirements.", "Fate of the unlearned __knowledge__ It is sometimes addressed in combination with the similar question of the fate of the unbeliever.", "Fate of the unlearned __knowledge__ Differing faith traditions have different responses to the question; in Christianity the fate of the unlearned is related to the question of original sin.", "Gerti Daub __knowledge__ Gerti Daub Hollmann (born 1937 in Utrecht, Netherlands) is a German esthetician, model and actress.", "Gerti Daub __knowledge__ Crowned Miss Germany of 1957, she is probably most famous for being the girl who many thought should have won the scandal-plagued 1957 Miss Universe contest but didn't.", "Gerti Daub __knowledge__ The 1957 Miss Universe Pageant was beset by a number of serious scandals, not just the judges' failure to select Miss Germany, the popular favorite, as Miss Universe.", "Gerti Daub __knowledge__ Daub, a 19-year-old, 5' 6½\" green-eyed blonde from Hamburg, was crowned Miss Hamburg in May, 1957.", "Gerti Daub __knowledge__ The next month she won the Miss Germany title and just four days later placed third in the Miss Europe competition.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ The films listed below have been cited by a variety of notable critics in varying media sources as being among the worst films ever made.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ Examples of such sources include Metacritic, Roger Ebert's list of most-hated films, \"The Golden Turkey Awards\", \"Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide\", Rotten Tomatoes, the Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\", and the Golden Raspberry Awards (\"Razzies\").", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ \"Reefer Madness\" (originally released as \"Tell Your Children\" and sometimes titled or subtitled as \"The Burning Question\", \"Dope Addict\", \"Doped Youth\", and \"Love Madness\") is a 1936 American exploitation film and propaganda work revolving around the melodramatic events that ensue when high school students are lured by pushers to try marijuana—from a hit and run accident, to manslaughter, suicide, attempted rape, and descent into madness.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ Ferris Bueller's Day Off is a 1986 American teen comedy film written, co-produced, and directed by John Hughes, and co-produced by Tom Jacobson.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ The film stars Matthew Broderick as Ferris Bueller, a high-school slacker who spends a day off from school, with Mia Sara and Alan Ruck.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ Ferris regularly \"breaks the fourth wall\" to explain techniques and inner thoughts.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ Hughes wrote the screenplay in less than a week.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ Filming began in September 1985 and finished in November 1985.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ Featuring many landmarks, including the Sears Tower and the Art Institute of Chicago, the film was Hughes' love letter to Chicago: \"I really wanted to capture as much of Chicago as I could.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "California-style pizza __knowledge__ California-style pizza (also known as California pizza or Gourmet pizza) is a style of single-serving pizza that combines New York and Italian thin crust with toppings from the California cuisine cooking style.", "California-style pizza __knowledge__ Its invention is generally attributed to chef Ed LaDou, and Chez Panisse, in Berkeley, California.", "California-style pizza __knowledge__ Wolfgang Puck, after meeting LaDou, popularized the style of pizza in the rest of the country.", "California-style pizza __knowledge__ It is served in a number of California Cuisine restaurants.", "California-style pizza __knowledge__ Such restaurant chains as California Pizza Kitchen, Extreme Pizza, and Sammy's Woodfired Pizza are three major pizza franchises associated with California-style pizza.", "Ed LaDou __knowledge__ Ed LaDou (October 9, 1955 – December 27, 2007) was an American pizza chef, who is credited with popularizing gourmet California-style pizzas.", "Ed LaDou __knowledge__ Ed LaDou was the first pizza chef at Wolfgang Puck's Spago restaurant in L.A.", "Ed LaDou __knowledge__ He also developed the first menu for the California Pizza Kitchen.", "Ed LaDou __knowledge__ The invention of the California-style pizza begins with a Berkeley, California, pizza restaurant, Chez Panisse, and its owner, Alice Waters.", "Ed LaDou __knowledge__ Waters was the first to create pizzas with exotic and unusual toppings which were cooked in a wood-burning pizza oven.", "Ed LaDou __knowledge__ However, LaDou was a major figure in the development and popularity of these types of pizzas.", "California Pizza Kitchen __knowledge__ California Pizza Kitchen (CPK) is a polished casual dining restaurant chain that specializes in California-style pizza.", "California Pizza Kitchen __knowledge__ The restaurant was started in 1985 by attorneys Rick Rosenfield and Larry Flax in Beverly Hills, California, United States.", "California Pizza Kitchen __knowledge__ The California Pizza Kitchen chain is widely known for its innovative and nontraditional pizzas, such as the \"Original BBQ Chicken Pizza\", BLT, Thai Chicken, and Jamaican Jerk Chicken pizzas.", "California Pizza Kitchen __knowledge__ They also serve various kinds of pasta, salads, soups, sandwiches and desserts.", "California Pizza Kitchen __knowledge__ They have an extensive children's menu for children ages 10 and under which includes a variety of different pizzas, pastas, salad and chicken.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The history of pizza begins in antiquity, when various ancient cultures produced flatbreads with toppings.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The precursor of pizza was probably the focaccia, a flat bread known to the Romans as \"panis focacius\", to which toppings were then added.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza developed in Naples, when tomato was added to the focaccia in the late 18th century.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The word \"pizza\" was first documented in AD 997 in Gaeta and successively in different parts of Central and Southern Italy.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Pizza was mainly eaten in the country of Italy and by emigrants from there.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ This changed after World War II, when Allied troops stationed in Italy came to enjoy pizza along with other Italian foods.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ The pizza box or pizza package is a folding box made of cardboard in which hot pizzas are stored in for takeaway.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ The \"pizza box\" also makes home delivery and takeaway substantially easier.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ The pizza box has to be highly resistant, cheap, stackable, thermally insulated to regulate humidity and suitable for food transportation.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ In addition, it provides space for advertising.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ The pizza packages differ from those of frozen pizzas, which contain the frozen product in heat-sealed plastic foils as is the case with much frozen food.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ Containers to deliver freshly baked pizzas have existed at least since the 19th century, when Neapolitan pizza bakers put their products in multi-layered metallic containers known as \"stufe\" (singular \"stufa\", \"oven\") and then sent them to the street sellers." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "Papa John's Pizza __knowledge__ Papa John's Pizza is an American restaurant franchise company.", "Papa John's Pizza __knowledge__ It runs the third largest take-out and pizza delivery restaurant chain in the United States, with headquarters in Jeffersontown, Kentucky, a suburb of Louisville.", "Papa John's Pizza __knowledge__ The Papa John's restaurant was founded in 1984 when \"Papa\" John Schnatter knocked out a broom closet in the back of his father's tavern, Mick's Lounge, in Jeffersonville, Indiana.", "Papa John's Pizza __knowledge__ He then sold his 1971 Camaro Z28 to purchase US$1,600 worth of used pizza equipment and began selling pizzas to the tavern's customers out of the converted closet.", "Papa John's Pizza __knowledge__ His pizzas proved so popular that one year later he was able to move into an adjoining space.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is a service in which a pizzeria or pizza chain delivers a pizza to a customer.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ An order is typically made either by telephone or over the internet to the pizza chain, in which the customer can request pizza type, size and other products alongside the pizza, commonly including soft drinks.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ Pizzas may be delivered in pizza boxes or delivery bags, and deliveries are made with either an automobile, motorized scooter, or bicycle.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ Customers can, depending on the pizza chain, choose to pay online, or in person, with cash, credit or a debit card.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ A delivery fee is often charged with what the customer has bought.", "John Schnatter __knowledge__ John H. Schnatter (born November 22, 1961), nicknamed commercially as Papa John, is an American entrepreneur serving as founder and chairman of Papa John's.", "John Schnatter __knowledge__ Schnatter stepped down as CEO on January 1, 2018 and was succeeded by President and COO Steve Ritchie.", "John Schnatter __knowledge__ Schnatter was born in Jeffersonville, Indiana, on November 22, 1961 to Mary and Robert Schnatter.", "John Schnatter __knowledge__ He graduated from Jeffersonville High School in 1980, then earned a business degree from Ball State University in 1983.", "John Schnatter __knowledge__ In the 1980s, John Schnatter's father co-owned Mick's Lounge, a tavern in Jeffersonville.", "John Schnatter __knowledge__ The Papa John's pizza business was founded in 1984 when \"Papa\" John Schnatter converted a broom closet in the back of his father's tavern.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "Pizza Corner __knowledge__ Pizza Corner was an international franchise of pizzeria chains that offers a wide range of pizzas, pastas and side dishes from chicken wings to salads.", "Pizza Corner __knowledge__ Pizza Corner operated as both standalone restaurants or combined with other Global Franchise Architects brands such as Coffee World or Cream & Fudge.", "Pizza Corner __knowledge__ Its service formats include: large dine-in restaurants, delivery outlets, express dine-ins, and express kiosks.", "Pizza Corner __knowledge__ Pizza Corner was a brand of Global Franchise Architects (GFA), a Geneva, Switzerland-based company that builds, operates, and franchises a specialty food service brands.", "Pizza Corner __knowledge__ All Pizza Corner restaurants and kiosks are designed by Itorama and built by Interbuild Solutions, two companies that are part of the Synergia One Group.", "Television in Canada __knowledge__ Television in Canada officially began with the sign-on of the nation's first television stations in Montreal and Toronto in 1952.", "Television in Canada __knowledge__ As with most media in Canada, the television industry, and the television programming available in that country, are strongly influenced by media in the United States, perhaps to an extent not seen in any other major industrialized nation outside the U.S. As a result, the government institutes quotas for \"Canadian content\".", "Television in Canada __knowledge__ Nonetheless, new content is often aimed at a broader North American audience, although the similarities may be less pronounced in the predominantly French-language province of Quebec.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Ion Television __knowledge__ Ion Television is an American broadcast, cable, and satellite television network that is owned by Ion Media.", "Ion Television __knowledge__ The network first began broadcasting on August 31, 1998 as Pax TV, focusing primarily on family-oriented entertainment programming; it rebranded as i: Independent Television on July 1, 2005, converting into a general entertainment network featuring mainly recent and older acquired programs; the network adopted its current identity as Ion Television on January 29, 2007.", "Ion Television __knowledge__ Ion Television is available throughout most of the United States through its group of 62 owned-and-operated stations, as well as through distribution on cable and satellite providers; since 2014, the network has also increased affiliate distribution in several markets through the digital subchannels of local television stations owned by companies such as NBCUniversal Owned Television Stations and Nexstar Media Group where the network is unable to maintain a main channel affiliation with or own a standalone station, for the same purpose as the distribution of Ion's main network feed via cable and satellite.", "Maritime history of California __knowledge__ In the California coast, the use of ships and the Pacific Ocean has historically included water craft (such as dugouts, canoes, sailing ships, and steamships), fisheries, shipbuilding, Gold Rush shipping, ports, shipwrecks, naval ships and installations, and lighthouses.", "Maritime history of California __knowledge__ The maritime history of California can be divided into several periods: the Native American period; European exploration period from 1542 to 1769; the Spanish colonial period, 1769 to 1821; the Mexican period, 1821 to 1847; and United States statehood period, which continues to the present day.", "Maritime history of California __knowledge__ In the northwest coast of California near the redwood forests several Indian tribes developed large dugout canoes they used for fishing, trade and warfare.", "Subpoena duces tecum __knowledge__ A subpoena duces tecum (pronounced in English, but not in Latin ), or subpoena for production of evidence, is a court summons ordering the recipient to appear before the court and produce documents or other tangible evidence for use at a hearing or trial.", "Subpoena duces tecum __knowledge__ The summons is known by various names in different jurisdictions.The term \"subpoena duces tecum\" is used in the United States, as well as some other common law jurisdictions such as South Africa and Canada.", "Subpoena duces tecum __knowledge__ The summons is called a \"subpoena for production of evidence\" in some U.S. states that have sought to reduce the use of non-English words and phrases in court terminology.", "California Codes __knowledge__ The California Codes are 29 legal codes enacted by the California State Legislature, which together form the general statutory law of California.", "California Codes __knowledge__ The official Codes are maintained by the California Legislative Counsel for the Legislature.", "California Codes __knowledge__ The 29 California Codes currently in effect are as follows: The following codes have been repealed: The California Codes were influential in a number of other U.S. jurisdictions, especially Puerto Rico.", "California Codes __knowledge__ For example, on March 1, 1901, Puerto Rico enacted a Penal Code and Code of Criminal Procedure which were modeled after the California Penal Code, and on March 10, 1904, it enacted a Code of Civil Procedure modeled after the California Code of Civil Procedure.", "History of the Netherlands __knowledge__ The history of the Netherlands is the history of seafaring people thriving on a lowland river delta on the North Sea in northwestern Europe.", "History of the Netherlands __knowledge__ Records begin with the four centuries during which the region formed a militarized border zone of the Roman empire.", "History of the Netherlands __knowledge__ This came under increasing pressure from Germanic peoples moving westwards.", "History of the Netherlands __knowledge__ As Roman power collapsed and the Middle Ages began, three dominant Germanic peoples coalesced in the area, Frisians in the north and coastal areas, Low Saxons in the northeast, and the Franks in the south.", "History of the Netherlands __knowledge__ During the Middle Ages, the descendants of the Carolingian dynasty came to dominate the area and then extended their rule to a large part of Western Europe." ] ]

[ 1, 9, 55, 2 ]

[ "Hi! Do you have a favorite kind of pizza you like eating?", "I actually really like pizza that's made from California Pizza Kitchen.", "It originated in California, but is now available throughout the United States.", "They have traditional pizza toppings, as well as unique flavors like \"BBQ Chicken!\"" ]

[ "Pizza", "Pizza", "Pizza", "Pizza" ]

[ "Grey's Anatomy\nEver watch Grey's Anatomy?", "Oh I know, tons of people I know have watched it.", "That's pretty old considering that it is still very popular.", "That's fair, it's prime was back a few years ago." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ Grey's Anatomy is an American medical drama television series that premiered on March 27, 2005, on American Broadcasting Company (ABC) as a mid-season replacement.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The fictional series focuses on the lives of surgical interns, residents, and attending physicians, as they develop into seasoned doctors while trying to maintain personal lives and relationships.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The title is a play on \"Gray's Anatomy\", a classic human anatomy textbook first published in 1858 in London and written by Henry Gray.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ Shonda Rhimes developed the pilot and continues to write for the series; she is also one of the executive producers, along with Betsy Beers, Mark Gordon, Krista Vernoff, Rob Corn, Mark Wilding, and Allan Heinberg.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ Although the series is set in Seattle (at the fictional Seattle Grace, later known as the Grey-Sloan Memorial Hospital), it is filmed primarily in Los Angeles, California.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The show was originally titled \"Complications\", a double-edged reference to both the complicated medical procedures and personal lives of the characters.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The series was designed to be racially diverse and used color-blind casting.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ It revolves around the title character, Dr. Meredith Grey, played by Ellen Pompeo, first featured as an intern.", "Meredith Grey __knowledge__ Meredith Grey, M.D.", "Meredith Grey __knowledge__ is a fictional character from the medical drama television series \"Grey's Anatomy\", which airs on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) in the United States.", "Meredith Grey __knowledge__ The character was created by series' producer Shonda Rhimes, and is portrayed by actress Ellen Pompeo.", "Meredith Grey __knowledge__ Meredith is the series' protagonist and title character, and was introduced as a surgical intern at the fictional Seattle Grace Hospital (later Seattle Grace-Mercy West, and afterwards Grey Sloan Memorial), eventually obtaining the position of a resident, and later the position of an attending, and in 2015, attaining the Chief of General Surgery position.", "Grey's Anatomy (season 11) __knowledge__ The eleventh season of the American television medical drama \"Grey's Anatomy\" premiered on September 25, 2014 in the United States on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) and consists of 25 episodes.", "Grey's Anatomy (season 11) __knowledge__ The season was produced by ABC Studios, in association with Shondaland Production Company and The Mark Gordon Company; the showrunner being Shonda Rhimes.", "Grey's Anatomy (season 11) __knowledge__ The season commenced airing with the episode \"I Must Have Lost it on the Wind\" and concluded with the season finale \"You're My Home\" airing on May 14, 2015.", "Grey's Anatomy (season 11) __knowledge__ The season was officially released on DVD as a six-disc boxset under the title of \"Grey's Anatomy: The Complete Eleventh Season – Life Changes\" on August 18, 2015 by Buena Vista Home Entertainment.", "Watch __knowledge__ A watch is a timepiece intended to be carried or worn by a person.", "Watch __knowledge__ It is designed to keep working despite the motions caused by the person's activities.", "Watch __knowledge__ A wristwatch is designed to be worn around the wrist, attached by a watch strap or other type of bracelet.", "Watch __knowledge__ A pocket watch is designed for a person to carry in a pocket.", "Watch __knowledge__ Watches progressed in the 17th century from spring-powered clocks, which appeared as early as the 14th century.", "Watch __knowledge__ During most of its history the watch was a mechanical device, driven by clockwork, powered by winding a mainspring, and keeping time with an oscillating balance wheel.", "Grey's Anatomy (season 1) __knowledge__ The first season of the American television medical drama Grey's Anatomy, began airing in the United States on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) on March 27, 2005, and concluded on May 22, 2005.", "Grey's Anatomy (season 1) __knowledge__ The first season introduces the main character, Meredith Grey, as she enrolls in Seattle Grace Hospital's internship program and faces unexpected challenges and surprises.", "Grey's Anatomy (season 1) __knowledge__ Season one had nine series regulars, four of whom have been part of the main cast ever since.", "Grey's Anatomy (season 1) __knowledge__ The season initially served as a mid-season replacement for the legal drama \"Boston Legal\", airing in the Sunday night time slot at 10:00, after \"Desperate Housewives\".", "History of anatomy __knowledge__ The history of anatomy extends from the earliest examinations of sacrificial victims to the sophisticated analyses of the body performed by modern scientists.", "History of anatomy __knowledge__ The study of human anatomy can be traced back thousands of years, at least to the Egyptians, but the science of anatomy, as we know it today, did not develop until far later.", "History of anatomy __knowledge__ The development of the study of anatomy gradually built upon concepts that were understood during the time of Galen and slowly became a part of the traditional medical curriculum.", "History of anatomy __knowledge__ It has been characterized, over time, by a continually developing understanding of the functions of organs and structures in the body.", "Grey's Anatomy (season 10) __knowledge__ The tenth season of the American television medical drama \"Grey's Anatomy\" premiered on September 26, 2013, with a two-hour special episode in the United States on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC), and it concluded with a \"Farewell to Cristina\" finale episode \"Fear (of the Unknown)\" on May 15, 2014.", "Grey's Anatomy (season 10) __knowledge__ The season was produced by ABC Studios, in association with Shondaland Production Company and The Mark Gordon Company; the showrunner being Shonda Rhimes.", "Grey's Anatomy (season 10) __knowledge__ The season was officially released on DVD as a six-disc boxset under the title of \"Grey's Anatomy: The Complete Tenth Season – Live For The Moments\" on September 2, 2014 by Buena Vista Home Entertainment." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ Grey's Anatomy is an American medical drama television series that premiered on March 27, 2005, on American Broadcasting Company (ABC) as a mid-season replacement.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The fictional series focuses on the lives of surgical interns, residents, and attending physicians, as they develop into seasoned doctors while trying to maintain personal lives and relationships.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The title is a play on \"Gray's Anatomy\", a classic human anatomy textbook first published in 1858 in London and written by Henry Gray.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ Shonda Rhimes developed the pilot and continues to write for the series; she is also one of the executive producers, along with Betsy Beers, Mark Gordon, Krista Vernoff, Rob Corn, Mark Wilding, and Allan Heinberg.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ Although the series is set in Seattle (at the fictional Seattle Grace, later known as the Grey-Sloan Memorial Hospital), it is filmed primarily in Los Angeles, California.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The show was originally titled \"Complications\", a double-edged reference to both the complicated medical procedures and personal lives of the characters.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The series was designed to be racially diverse and used color-blind casting.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ It revolves around the title character, Dr. Meredith Grey, played by Ellen Pompeo, first featured as an intern.", "Schmidt (worker) __knowledge__ Schmidt (worker) is a character in \"Principles of Scientific Management\" by Frederick Winslow Taylor.", "Schmidt (worker) __knowledge__ His true identity was Henry Noll.", "Schmidt (worker) __knowledge__ In \"Principles\", Taylor described how between 1898–1901 at Bethlehem Steel he had motivated Schmidt to increase his workload from carrying 12 tons of pig iron per day to 47 tons.", "Schmidt (worker) __knowledge__ He had done so by promising Schmidt a higher rate of pay for a level of output determined by management.", "Schmidt (worker) __knowledge__ Taylor's example of Schmidt is still taught widely in business and management education.", "Schmidt (worker) __knowledge__ Taylor recalled the context in his \"Principles of Scientific Management\", his most famous volume to this day: \"One of the first pieces of work undertaken by us, when the writer started to introduce scientific management into the Bethlehem Steel Company, was to handle pig iron on task work.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945) __knowledge__ The Blockade of Germany (1939–1945), also known as the Economic War, was carried out during World War II by the United Kingdom and France in order to restrict the supplies of minerals, metals, food and textiles needed by Nazi Germany - and later Fascist Italy - in order to sustain their war efforts.", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945) __knowledge__ The economic war consisted mainly of a naval blockade which formed part of the wider Battle of the Atlantic, and included the preclusive buying of war materials from neutral countries to prevent their sale to the enemy.", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945) __knowledge__ There were four distinct phases of the blockade.", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945) __knowledge__ The first period was from the beginning of European hostilities in September 1939 to the end of the \"Phoney War,\" during which the Allies and Axis Powers both intercepted neutral merchant ships to seize deliveries en route to the enemy.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ The Plame affair (also known as the CIA leak scandal and Plamegate) was a political scandal that revolved around journalist Robert Novak's public identification of Valerie Plame as a covert Central Intelligence Agency officer in 2003.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ In 2002, Plame wrote a memo to her superiors in which she expressed hesitation in recommending her husband, former diplomat Joseph C. Wilson, to the CIA for a mission to Niger to investigate claims that Iraq had arranged to purchase and import uranium from the country, but stated that he \"may be in a position to assist\".", "Plame affair __knowledge__ After President George W. Bush stated that \"Saddam Hussein recently sought significant quantities of uranium from Africa\" during the run-up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Wilson published a July 2003 op-ed in \"The New York Times\" stating his doubts during the mission that any such transaction with Iraq had taken place.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ Stone is a 2010 U.S. crime thriller film directed by John Curran and starring Robert De Niro, Edward Norton and Milla Jovovich.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ Most of the filming was done in Washtenaw County, Michigan.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ This was the final film to be released by Overture Films.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ Young mother Madylyn Mabry puts her daughter to bed while her husband Jack watches golf on television.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ A bee buzzes around the window as she stays with her girl.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ After the child is asleep, she goes downstairs and announces she's leaving, saying \"You keep my soul in a dungeon.\"", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ He takes a moment to disconnect from the game, then runs upstairs to the bedroom and holds their daughter out the window, threatening to drop her if Madylyn leaves.", "Melanesian mythology __knowledge__ Melanesian mythology is the folklore, myths and religion of Melanesia — the archipelagos of New Guinea, the Torres Strait Islands, the Admiralty Islands, Solomon Islands, New Caledonia and Vanuatu.", "Melanesian mythology __knowledge__ Professor Roland Burrage Dixon wrote an account of the mythology of this region for \"The Mythology of All Races\", which was published in 1916.", "Melanesian mythology __knowledge__ Since that time, the region has developed new cults and legends as a result of exposure to western civilisations and their missionaries.", "Melanesian mythology __knowledge__ These include the cargo cults in which the natives attempt to restore the supply of material goods which were a side-effect of the campaigning in this region during the Pacific War.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The Bell OH-58 Kiowa is a family of single-engine, single-rotor, military helicopters used for observation, utility, and direct fire support.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ Bell Helicopter manufactured the OH-58 for the United States Army based on its Model 206A JetRanger helicopter.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The OH-58 was in continuous U.S. Army service from 1969 to 2017, when it was retired and replaced in this role by the Boeing AH-64 Apache.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The latest model, the \"OH-58D Kiowa Warrior\", is primarily operated in an armed reconnaissance role in support of ground troops.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The OH-58 has been exported to Austria, Canada, Croatia, the Dominican Republic, Taiwan, Saudi Arabia, and Greece.", "Meredith Grey __knowledge__ Meredith Grey, M.D.", "Meredith Grey __knowledge__ is a fictional character from the medical drama television series \"Grey's Anatomy\", which airs on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) in the United States.", "Meredith Grey __knowledge__ The character was created by series' producer Shonda Rhimes, and is portrayed by actress Ellen Pompeo.", "Meredith Grey __knowledge__ Meredith is the series' protagonist and title character, and was introduced as a surgical intern at the fictional Seattle Grace Hospital (later Seattle Grace-Mercy West, and afterwards Grey Sloan Memorial), eventually obtaining the position of a resident, and later the position of an attending, and in 2015, attaining the Chief of General Surgery position.", "Raúl Velasco __knowledge__ Raúl Velasco (April 24, 1933 – November 26, 2006) was the Mexican host/producer of the TV show \"Siempre en Domingo\" (\"Always on Sunday\") which is his hallmark contribution to the Latin American world and eventually to other parts of the world where Spanish entertainment programs are broadcast.", "Raúl Velasco __knowledge__ Raúl Velasco began this program as co-host of a Sunday afternoon special in 1969 called \"Domingos Espectaculares\" (\"Spectacular Sundays\").", "Raúl Velasco __knowledge__ One of Raúl Velasco's catch phrases was, \"Aun hay mas\" (\"There's more to follow\").", "Raúl Velasco __knowledge__ For a short while, \"Siempre en Domingo\" was known as \"Aun hay mas\" because Raúl Velasco would always say these words prior to each intermission or commercial, with the hand gesture that corresponds to a request for a commercial break, similar to what Frank Sinatra might have said or sung, \"The best is yet to come.", "Lost (TV series) __knowledge__ Lost is an American drama television series that originally aired on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) from September 22, 2004, to May 23, 2010, over six seasons, comprising a total of 121 episodes.", "Lost (TV series) __knowledge__ The show contains elements of supernatural and science fiction, and follows the survivors of a commercial jet airliner crash, flying between Sydney and Los Angeles, California, on a mysterious tropical island somewhere in the South Pacific Ocean.", "Lost (TV series) __knowledge__ The story is told in a heavily serialized manner.", "Lost (TV series) __knowledge__ Episodes typically feature a primary storyline set on the island, augmented by flashback or flashforward sequences which provide additional insight into the involved character(s).", "1990s __knowledge__ The 1990s (pronounced \"nineteen-nineties\" and abbreviated as the \"Nineties\") was a decade of the Gregorian calendar that began on January 1, 1990, and ended on December 31, 1999.", "1990s __knowledge__ Culturally, the 1990s are characterized by the rise of multiculturalism and alternative media, which continued into the 2000s.", "1990s __knowledge__ Movements such as grunge, the rave scene and hip hop spread around the world to young people during that decade, aided by then-new technology such as cable television and the World Wide Web.", "1990s __knowledge__ In the absence of world communism which collapsed in the first two years of the decade the 1990s was politically defined by a movement towards the right-wing, including increase in support for far-right parties in Europe as well as the advent of the Hindu nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party and cuts in social spending in the United States, Canada, New Zealand, and the UK.", "Grey's Anatomy (season 11) __knowledge__ The eleventh season of the American television medical drama \"Grey's Anatomy\" premiered on September 25, 2014 in the United States on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) and consists of 25 episodes.", "Grey's Anatomy (season 11) __knowledge__ The season was produced by ABC Studios, in association with Shondaland Production Company and The Mark Gordon Company; the showrunner being Shonda Rhimes.", "Grey's Anatomy (season 11) __knowledge__ The season commenced airing with the episode \"I Must Have Lost it on the Wind\" and concluded with the season finale \"You're My Home\" airing on May 14, 2015.", "Grey's Anatomy (season 11) __knowledge__ The season was officially released on DVD as a six-disc boxset under the title of \"Grey's Anatomy: The Complete Eleventh Season – Life Changes\" on August 18, 2015 by Buena Vista Home Entertainment.", "Cris Morena __knowledge__ María Cristina De Giacomi (born 23 August 1956), professionally known as Cris Morena, is an Argentine Award-winning television producer, actress, television presenter, composer, musician, songwriter, writer, former fashion model and CEO of Cris Morena Group.", "Cris Morena __knowledge__ She is one of the most successful producers in the country and is the creator of Argentina's most successful youth-oriented shows such as \"Jugate Conmigo\", \"Chiquititas\", \"Rebelde Way\", \"Floricienta\", \"Alma Pirata\", and \"Casi Ángeles\".", "Cris Morena __knowledge__ Until 2001, she worked directly for Telefe but, since \"Rebelde Way\", in 2002, she works independently and has her own production company Cris Morena Group." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ Grey's Anatomy is an American medical drama television series that premiered on March 27, 2005, on American Broadcasting Company (ABC) as a mid-season replacement.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The fictional series focuses on the lives of surgical interns, residents, and attending physicians, as they develop into seasoned doctors while trying to maintain personal lives and relationships.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The title is a play on \"Gray's Anatomy\", a classic human anatomy textbook first published in 1858 in London and written by Henry Gray.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ Shonda Rhimes developed the pilot and continues to write for the series; she is also one of the executive producers, along with Betsy Beers, Mark Gordon, Krista Vernoff, Rob Corn, Mark Wilding, and Allan Heinberg.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ Although the series is set in Seattle (at the fictional Seattle Grace, later known as the Grey-Sloan Memorial Hospital), it is filmed primarily in Los Angeles, California.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The show was originally titled \"Complications\", a double-edged reference to both the complicated medical procedures and personal lives of the characters.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The series was designed to be racially diverse and used color-blind casting.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ It revolves around the title character, Dr. Meredith Grey, played by Ellen Pompeo, first featured as an intern.", "Nigel Gilbert __knowledge__ Geoffrey Nigel Gilbert (born 21 March 1950) is a British sociologist and a pioneer in the use of agent-based models in the social sciences.", "Nigel Gilbert __knowledge__ He is the founder and director of the \"Centre for Research in Social Simulation\" (University of Surrey), author of several books on computational social science, social simulation and social research and past editor of the \"Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation\" (JASSS), the leading journal in the field.", "Nigel Gilbert __knowledge__ A Cambridge engineering graduate (Emmanuel College), he turned to the sociology of scientific knowledge for his PhD under the direction of Michael Mulkay.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "Nigel Gilbert (snooker player) __knowledge__ Nigel Gilbert (born 20 March 1959) is an English former professional snooker player.", "Nigel Gilbert (snooker player) __knowledge__ Gilbert turned professional in 1986 at the age of 27, and made his first appearance in the latter stages of a tournament at the 1987 International Open.", "Nigel Gilbert (snooker player) __knowledge__ There, he defeated Ian Black 5–3, Jack McLaughlin 5–4, Murdo MacLeod 5–1 and Wayne Jones 5–4, before losing 0–5 to veteran Australian Eddie Charlton in the last 16.", "Nigel Gilbert (snooker player) __knowledge__ The following year, Gilbert reached the quarter-final of the 1988 Grand Prix, where he beat Bill Oliver 5–4, Silvino Francisco 5–4, Eddie Charlton 5–0 in a reverse of the previous year's encounter, and Tony Knowles 5–4 before losing 4–5 to Alain Robidoux.", "Joe Cullen (darts player) __knowledge__ Joe Cullen (born 13 July 1989) is an English darts player currently playing in Professional Darts Corporation events born in Bradford, West Yorkshire.", "Joe Cullen (darts player) __knowledge__ He won three Youth Tour tournaments in his early career and has qualified for the PDC World Championship seven times, winning only one time in the first round.", "Joe Cullen (darts player) __knowledge__ Cullen reached his first major quarter-final at the 2016 UK Open and won his first PDC Pro Tour title in 2017.", "Joe Cullen (darts player) __knowledge__ He first came to prominence in 2008 when he qualified for the UK Open.", "Joe Cullen (darts player) __knowledge__ He defeated Mark Stapleton and Dennis Smith before Chris Mason defeated him in the last 64.", "Joe Cullen (darts player) __knowledge__ Following his performances at Bolton, he joined the PDC circuit.", "European Social Simulation Association __knowledge__ The European Social Simulation Association (ESSA) is a scientific society aimed at promoting the development of social simulation research, education and application in Europe.", "European Social Simulation Association __knowledge__ It has over 350 members from several European countries.", "European Social Simulation Association __knowledge__ The association organizes a European conference every two years, and — in joint action with the Computational Social Science Society of the Americas (CSSSA) and the Pacific Asian Association for Agent-based Approach in Social Systems Sciences (PAAA) — a World Congress on Social Simulation (WCSS) every other year.", "European Social Simulation Association __knowledge__ The European Social Simulation Association was founded in 2003 on the basis of a manifesto signed by many social simulation researchers.", "Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State __knowledge__ Hillary Clinton served as the 67th United States Secretary of State, under President Barack Obama, from 2009 to 2013, overseeing the department that conducted the Foreign policy of Barack Obama.", "Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State __knowledge__ She was preceded in office by Condoleezza Rice, and succeeded by John Kerry.", "Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State __knowledge__ She is also the only former First Lady of the United States to become a member of the United States Cabinet.", "Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State __knowledge__ Within a week after the November 4, 2008, presidential election, President-elect Obama and Clinton discussed over telephone the possibility of her serving as U.S. Secretary of State in his administration.", "Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State __knowledge__ Clinton later related, \"He said I want you to be my secretary of state.", "Selma Blair __knowledge__ Selma Blair (born Selma Blair Beitner; June 23, 1972) is an American film, television, and theater actress.", "Selma Blair __knowledge__ Blair started her professional acting career in 1995.", "Selma Blair __knowledge__ During her early years, she played a large number of supporting roles in film and television, before obtaining recognition for her leading role in the film noir \"Brown's Requiem\" (1998).", "Selma Blair __knowledge__ Her breakthrough came in 1999, when she starred on The WB teen sitcom \"Zoe\" and in the coming-of-age drama \"Cruel Intentions\".", "Selma Blair __knowledge__ Blair continued to find commercial success with the comedies \"Legally Blonde\" (2001) and \"The Sweetest Thing\" (2002), and achieved international fame as a result of her portrayal of the heroine Liz Sherman in the fantasy films \"Hellboy\" (2004) and \"\" (2008).", "Yep Roc Records __knowledge__ Yep Roc Records is an American independent record label based in Hillsborough, North Carolina, and owned by Redeye Distribution.", "Yep Roc Records __knowledge__ Since 1997, the label has released albums from North Carolina and international artists, including Aoife O'Donovan, Chatham County Line, Dave Alvin, Gang of Four, Los Straitjackets, Nick Lowe, Paul Weller, Robyn Hitchcock, Ryan Adams, The Apples in Stereo, The Reverend Horton Heat, Mandolin Orange, and Tift Merritt.", "Yep Roc Records __knowledge__ Tor Hansen started the label in 1997, two years after moving to North Carolina to help manage a chain of record stores in the South.", "Yep Roc Records __knowledge__ In and around the musical hotbed of Chapel Hill, he encountered bands making good music but not really knowing how to get it out.", "Computational anatomy __knowledge__ Computational anatomy is an interdisciplinary field of biology focused on quantitative investigation and modelling of anatomical shapes variability.", "Computational anatomy __knowledge__ It involves the development and application of mathematical, statistical and data-analytical methods for modelling and simulation of biological structures.", "Computational anatomy __knowledge__ The field is broadly defined and includes foundations in anatomy, applied mathematics and pure mathematics, machine learning, computational mechanics, computational science, biological imaging, neuroscience, physics, probability, and statistics; it also has strong connections with fluid mechanics and geometric mechanics.", "Laurence Yep __knowledge__ Laurence Michael Yep (; born June 14, 1948) is a prolific Chinese-American writer, best known for children's books.", "Laurence Yep __knowledge__ In 2005, he received the biennial Laura Ingalls Wilder Medal for his career contribution to American children's literature.", "Laurence Yep __knowledge__ Yep was born in San Francisco to Yep Gim Lew (Thomas) and Franche.", "Laurence Yep __knowledge__ His older brother, Thomas, named him after studying a particular saint in a multicultural neighborhood that consisted of mostly African Americans.", "Laurence Yep __knowledge__ Growing up, he often felt torn between U.S. and Chinese culture, and expressed this in many of his books.", "Laurence Yep __knowledge__ A great deal of his work involves characters feeling alienated or not fitting into their surroundings and environment, something Yep has struggled with since childhood.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Couples 4 is the eleventh season of the NBC reality television series entitled \"The Biggest Loser\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize, which was awarded to Olivia Ward, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ It premiered on January 4, 2011.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ Along with existing trainers Bob Harper and Jillian Michaels, two new trainers (Cara Castronuova and Brett Hoebel) will be featured who were revealed in Week 3.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ One of the featured contestants is Rulon Gardner, a former gold medalist at the 2000 Summer Olympics.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ It was the longest season in Biggest Loser history at 20 weeks long.", "Theme Time Radio Hour (season 1) __knowledge__ The first season of the \"Theme Time Radio Hour\", hosted by Bob Dylan, ran from May 3, 2006, to April 18, 2007 on XM Satellite Radio for a total of 50 shows.", "Theme Time Radio Hour (season 1) __knowledge__ With the exception of the Halloween show - Episode 26 - introduced by comedian Steven Wright, all the episodes in Season One were introduced by an uncredited Ellen Barkin who would open with the lines, \"It's night (or night time) in the Big City\" and then describe a city scene - such as a woman walking in the rain, a shopkeeper closing his doors, angry hookers arguing on a street corner - before introducing the show and \"your host, Bob Dylan.\"", "The Biggest Loser (season 9) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Couples 3 is the ninth season of the NBC reality television series \"The Biggest Loser\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 9) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize, which was awarded to Michael Ventrella, the finalist with the highest percentage of weight lost.", "The Biggest Loser (season 9) __knowledge__ It first aired January 5, 2010.", "The Biggest Loser (season 9) __knowledge__ After six episodes, \"The Biggest Loser\" went on hiatus and returned after the 2010 Winter Olympics on March 2, 2010.", "The Biggest Loser (season 9) __knowledge__ The live finale aired on May 25, 2010.", "The Biggest Loser (season 9) __knowledge__ The season premiered on NBC on January 5, 2010 and tallied its best premiere rating ever, powering NBC to the adults 18-49 ratings win for that night.", "The Biggest Loser (season 9) __knowledge__ \"Biggest Loser: Couples\" was up 2% from its January, 2009 premiere to a 4.6 adults 18-49 rating." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ Grey's Anatomy is an American medical drama television series that premiered on March 27, 2005, on American Broadcasting Company (ABC) as a mid-season replacement.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The fictional series focuses on the lives of surgical interns, residents, and attending physicians, as they develop into seasoned doctors while trying to maintain personal lives and relationships.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The title is a play on \"Gray's Anatomy\", a classic human anatomy textbook first published in 1858 in London and written by Henry Gray.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ Shonda Rhimes developed the pilot and continues to write for the series; she is also one of the executive producers, along with Betsy Beers, Mark Gordon, Krista Vernoff, Rob Corn, Mark Wilding, and Allan Heinberg.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ Although the series is set in Seattle (at the fictional Seattle Grace, later known as the Grey-Sloan Memorial Hospital), it is filmed primarily in Los Angeles, California.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The show was originally titled \"Complications\", a double-edged reference to both the complicated medical procedures and personal lives of the characters.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The series was designed to be racially diverse and used color-blind casting.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ It revolves around the title character, Dr. Meredith Grey, played by Ellen Pompeo, first featured as an intern.", "Early human migrations __knowledge__ The earliest migrations and expansions of archaic and modern humans across continents began 2 million years ago with the migration out of Africa of \"Homo erectus\", followed by other archaic humans including \"H. heidelbergensis\", the likely ancestor of both anatomically modern humans and Neanderthals, around 500,000 years ago.", "Early human migrations __knowledge__ Within Africa, \"Homo sapiens\" diverged around the time of its speciation, roughly 300,000 years ago.", "Early human migrations __knowledge__ The \"recent African origin\" paradigm suggests that the anatomically modern humans outside of Africa descend from a population of \"Homo sapiens\" migrating from East Africa after roughly 70,000 years ago and spread along the southern coast of Asia and to Oceania before 50,000 years ago.", "Human evolution __knowledge__ Human evolution is the evolutionary process that led to the emergence of anatomically modern humans, beginning with the evolutionary history of primates – in particular genus \"Homo\" – and leading to the emergence of \"Homo sapiens\" as a distinct species of the hominid family, the great apes.", "Human evolution __knowledge__ This process involved the gradual development of traits such as human bipedalism and language.", "Human evolution __knowledge__ The study of human evolution involves many scientific disciplines, including physical anthropology, primatology, archaeology, paleontology, neurobiology, ethology, linguistics, evolutionary psychology, embryology and genetics.", "Volcanology of Canada __knowledge__ Volcanology of Canada includes lava flows, lava plateaus, lava domes, cinder cones, stratovolcanoes, shield volcanoes, submarine volcanoes, calderas, diatremes, and maars, along with examples of more less common volcanic forms such as tuyas and subglacial mounds.", "Volcanology of Canada __knowledge__ It has a very complex volcanological history spanning from the Precambrian eon at least 3.11 billion years ago when this part of the North American continent began to form.", "Volcanology of Canada __knowledge__ Although the country's volcanic activity dates back to the Precambrian eon, volcanism continues to occur in Western and Northern Canada where it forms part of an encircling chain of volcanoes and frequent earthquakes around the Pacific Ocean called the Pacific Ring of Fire.", "Recent African origin of modern humans __knowledge__ The recent African origin of modern humans, also called the \"Out of Africa\" theory (OOA), recent single-origin hypothesis (RSOH), replacement hypothesis, or recent African origin model (RAO), is, in paleoanthropology, the dominant model of the geographic origin and early migration of anatomically modern humans (\"Homo sapiens\").", "Recent African origin of modern humans __knowledge__ The model proposes a single area of origin for modern humans.", "Recent African origin of modern humans __knowledge__ The \"single-origin hypothesis\" is cited as having scientific consensus as of the mid-2000s.", "Recent African origin of modern humans __knowledge__ According to this model, modern humans evolved in East Africa between 400,000 and 200,000 years ago.", "Recent African origin of modern humans __knowledge__ There were then at least two dispersal events from Africa to the rest of the world.", "North China Craton __knowledge__ The North China Craton is a continental crustal block with one of Earth's most complete and complex record of igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic processes.", "North China Craton __knowledge__ It is located in northeast China, Inner Mongolia, the Yellow Sea, and North Korea.", "North China Craton __knowledge__ The term craton designates this as a piece of continent that is stable, buoyant and rigid.", "North China Craton __knowledge__ Basic properties of the cratonic crust include being thick (around 200 km), relatively cold when compared to other regions, and low density.", "North China Craton __knowledge__ The North China Craton is an ancient craton, which experienced a long period of stability and fitted the definition of a craton well.", "Canadian Cascade Arc __knowledge__ The Canadian Cascade Arc, also called the Canadian Cascades, is the Canadian segment of the North American Cascade Volcanic Arc.", "Canadian Cascade Arc __knowledge__ Located entirely within the Canadian province of British Columbia, it extends from the Cascade Mountains in the south to the Coast Mountains in the north.", "Canadian Cascade Arc __knowledge__ Specifically, the southern end of the Canadian Cascades begin at the Canada–United States border.", "Canadian Cascade Arc __knowledge__ However, the specific boundaries of the northern end are not precisely known and the geology in this part of the volcanic arc is poorly understood.", "Canadian Cascade Arc __knowledge__ It is widely accepted by geologists that the Canadian Cascade Arc extends through the Pacific Ranges of the Coast Mountains.", "Garibaldi Volcanic Belt __knowledge__ The Garibaldi Volcanic Belt is a northwest-southeast trending volcanic chain in the Pacific Ranges of the Coast Mountains that extends from Watts Point in the south to the Ha-Iltzuk Icefield in the north.", "Garibaldi Volcanic Belt __knowledge__ This chain of volcanoes is located in southwestern British Columbia, Canada.", "Garibaldi Volcanic Belt __knowledge__ It forms the northernmost segment of the Cascade Volcanic Arc, which includes Mount St. Helens and Mount Baker.", "Garibaldi Volcanic Belt __knowledge__ Most volcanoes of the Garibaldi chain are dormant stratovolcanoes and subglacial volcanoes that have been eroded by glacial ice.", "Garibaldi Volcanic Belt __knowledge__ Less common volcanic landforms include cinder cones, volcanic plugs, lava domes and calderas.", "Meredith Grey __knowledge__ Meredith Grey, M.D.", "Meredith Grey __knowledge__ is a fictional character from the medical drama television series \"Grey's Anatomy\", which airs on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) in the United States.", "Meredith Grey __knowledge__ The character was created by series' producer Shonda Rhimes, and is portrayed by actress Ellen Pompeo.", "Meredith Grey __knowledge__ Meredith is the series' protagonist and title character, and was introduced as a surgical intern at the fictional Seattle Grace Hospital (later Seattle Grace-Mercy West, and afterwards Grey Sloan Memorial), eventually obtaining the position of a resident, and later the position of an attending, and in 2015, attaining the Chief of General Surgery position.", "Grey's Anatomy (season 11) __knowledge__ The eleventh season of the American television medical drama \"Grey's Anatomy\" premiered on September 25, 2014 in the United States on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) and consists of 25 episodes.", "Grey's Anatomy (season 11) __knowledge__ The season was produced by ABC Studios, in association with Shondaland Production Company and The Mark Gordon Company; the showrunner being Shonda Rhimes.", "Grey's Anatomy (season 11) __knowledge__ The season commenced airing with the episode \"I Must Have Lost it on the Wind\" and concluded with the season finale \"You're My Home\" airing on May 14, 2015.", "Grey's Anatomy (season 11) __knowledge__ The season was officially released on DVD as a six-disc boxset under the title of \"Grey's Anatomy: The Complete Eleventh Season – Life Changes\" on August 18, 2015 by Buena Vista Home Entertainment.", "Grey's Anatomy (season 10) __knowledge__ The tenth season of the American television medical drama \"Grey's Anatomy\" premiered on September 26, 2013, with a two-hour special episode in the United States on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC), and it concluded with a \"Farewell to Cristina\" finale episode \"Fear (of the Unknown)\" on May 15, 2014.", "Grey's Anatomy (season 10) __knowledge__ The season was produced by ABC Studios, in association with Shondaland Production Company and The Mark Gordon Company; the showrunner being Shonda Rhimes.", "Grey's Anatomy (season 10) __knowledge__ The season was officially released on DVD as a six-disc boxset under the title of \"Grey's Anatomy: The Complete Tenth Season – Live For The Moments\" on September 2, 2014 by Buena Vista Home Entertainment.", "Private Practice (TV series) __knowledge__ Private Practice is an American medical drama television series which aired on ABC from September 26, 2007, to January 22, 2013.", "Private Practice (TV series) __knowledge__ A spin-off of \"Grey's Anatomy\", the series takes place at Seaside Wellness Center (formerly Oceanside Health & Wellness Group) and chronicles the life of Dr. Addison Montgomery, played by Kate Walsh, as she leaves Seattle Grace Hospital in order to join a private practice, located in Los Angeles.", "Private Practice (TV series) __knowledge__ \"Private Practice\" also revolves around Addison's co-workers at Seaside Wellness Center, and how they deal with patients and the practice while still finding time to live their everyday lives.", "Grey's Anatomy (season 1) __knowledge__ The first season of the American television medical drama Grey's Anatomy, began airing in the United States on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) on March 27, 2005, and concluded on May 22, 2005.", "Grey's Anatomy (season 1) __knowledge__ The first season introduces the main character, Meredith Grey, as she enrolls in Seattle Grace Hospital's internship program and faces unexpected challenges and surprises.", "Grey's Anatomy (season 1) __knowledge__ Season one had nine series regulars, four of whom have been part of the main cast ever since.", "Grey's Anatomy (season 1) __knowledge__ The season initially served as a mid-season replacement for the legal drama \"Boston Legal\", airing in the Sunday night time slot at 10:00, after \"Desperate Housewives\".", "History of anatomy __knowledge__ The history of anatomy extends from the earliest examinations of sacrificial victims to the sophisticated analyses of the body performed by modern scientists.", "History of anatomy __knowledge__ The study of human anatomy can be traced back thousands of years, at least to the Egyptians, but the science of anatomy, as we know it today, did not develop until far later.", "History of anatomy __knowledge__ The development of the study of anatomy gradually built upon concepts that were understood during the time of Galen and slowly became a part of the traditional medical curriculum.", "History of anatomy __knowledge__ It has been characterized, over time, by a continually developing understanding of the functions of organs and structures in the body." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 0 ]

[ "no but Grey's Anatomy is and was very popular tv show in america", "yep and Grey's Anatomy first aired in 2005", "Grey's Anatomy is not as popular of a show as it once was", "yea i thought Grey's Anatomy was never good tho" ]

[ "Grey's Anatomy", "Grey's Anatomy", "Grey's Anatomy", "Grey's Anatomy" ]

[ "Angling\nHi there! How's it goin today?", "I don't think I've ever been angling. What is an angle?", "Ahh, yes! That makes sense. And do you still need bait?", "Is that good for catching specific kinds of fish or all fish in general?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Angling __knowledge__ Angling is a method of fishing by means of an \"angle\" (fish hook).", "Angling __knowledge__ The hook is usually attached to a fishing line and the line is often attached to a fishing rod.", "Angling __knowledge__ Fishing rods are usually fitted with a fishing reel that functions as a mechanism for storing, retrieving and paying out the line.", "Angling __knowledge__ Tenkara fishing and cane pole fishing are two techniques that do not use a reel.", "Angling __knowledge__ The hook itself can be dressed with bait, but sometimes a lure, with hooks attached to it, is used in place of a hook and bait.", "Angling __knowledge__ A bite indicator such as a float, and a weight or sinker are sometimes used.", "Angling __knowledge__ Angling is the principal method of sport fishing, but commercial fisheries also use angling methods such as longlining or trolling.", "Angling __knowledge__ Catch and release fishing is increasingly practiced by recreational fishermen.", "Angling __knowledge__ In many parts of the world, size limits apply to certain species, meaning fish below and/or above a certain size must, by law, be released.", "Angling __knowledge__ The species of fish pursued by anglers vary with geography.", "Angling __knowledge__ Among the many species of salt water fish that are caught for sport are swordfish, marlin, tuna, while in Europe cod and bass are popular targets.", "Angling __knowledge__ In North America the most popular fresh water sport species include bass, pike, walleye, muskellunge, yellow perch, trout, salmon, crappie, bluegill and sunfish.", "Goin' Back __knowledge__ \"Goin' Back\" (a.k.a.", "Goin' Back __knowledge__ \"Going Back\") is a song written by Gerry Goffin and Carole King in 1966.", "Goin' Back __knowledge__ It describes the loss of innocence that comes with adulthood along with an attempt, on the part of the singer, to recapture that youthful innocence.", "Goin' Back __knowledge__ The song has been recorded by many artists, including Dusty Springfield, Goldie Zelkowitz, The Byrds, Elkie Brooks, Deacon Blue, Marianne Faithfull, Bill Drummond (of The KLF), Nils Lofgren, Freddie Mercury (on a Larry Lurex single), The Move, The New Seekers, The Pretenders, Diana Ross, Richard Thompson, Phil Collins, and Bon Jovi as well as by Carole King herself.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ Hi-5 are an Australian children's musical group formed in 1998, who are associated with the children's television series of the same name.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ As of December 2016, the members are Lachie Dearing, Courtney Clarke, Shay Clifford, Joe Kalou and Bailey Spalding.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The group is aimed at preschoolers, composed of five performers who entertain and educate children through music, movement and play.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ \"Hi-5\" was created by Helena Harris and Posie Graeme-Evans, initially a television series for the Nine Network, which premiered in 1999.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The cast of the show became a recognised musical group for children.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The original members were Kellie Crawford, Kathleen de Leon Jones, Nathan Foley, Tim Harding and Charli Robinson.", "I'm Goin' Down __knowledge__ \"I'm Goin' Down\" is a song written and performed by American singer Bruce Springsteen that was released as the sixth single from his album \"Born in the U.S.A.\" in August 1985.", "I'm Goin' Down __knowledge__ The song is one of several of the album's tracks that he recorded with the E Street Band in May 1982 at the Power Station music studio.", "I'm Goin' Down __knowledge__ The release of these full-band tracks was put into question when Springsteen used solo material for his September 1982 LP, \"Nebraska\", and considered doing the same for his next album, which would become \"Born in the U.S.A.\" He later decided to use several of the May 1982 recordings on \"Born in the U.S.A.\" \"I'm Goin' Down\" beat out contender \"Pink Cadillac\" for a spot on the album.", "Goin' Band from Raiderland __knowledge__ The Goin' Band from Raiderland is the 450-member marching band of Texas Tech University.", "Goin' Band from Raiderland __knowledge__ The Goin' Band from Raiderland, originally known as The Matador Band, is nearly as old as Texas Tech itself.", "Goin' Band from Raiderland __knowledge__ Under the direction of W. Waghorne, it performed at the opening football game in October 1925, fielding between 21 and 25 members.", "Goin' Band from Raiderland __knowledge__ In 1926, Harry Lemaire (1862–1963) was appointed director of the marching band.", "Goin' Band from Raiderland __knowledge__ Following his service in the British Army, Lemaire had been bandmaster under Theodore Roosevelt during the Spanish–American War and was a friend and colleague of John Philip Sousa.", "Goin' Band from Raiderland __knowledge__ Under his leadership, the band earned its name when it became the first college band to travel to an away game.", "Goin' Home (Archie Shepp and Horace Parlan album) __knowledge__ Goin' Home is a studio album by American saxophonist Archie Shepp and pianist Horace Parlan.", "Goin' Home (Archie Shepp and Horace Parlan album) __knowledge__ After their respective work in the avant-garde jazz movement of the 1960s, Shepp and Parlan both faced career challenges as the jazz scene diverged stylistically.", "Goin' Home (Archie Shepp and Horace Parlan album) __knowledge__ They left the United States for Europe during the 1970s and met each other in Denmark before recording the album on April 25, 1977, at Sweet Silence Studio in Copenhagen.", "Goin' Home (Archie Shepp and Horace Parlan album) __knowledge__ A jazz and gospel album, \"Goin' Home\" features Shepp and Parlan's interpretations of African-American folk melodies and spirituals.", "Goin' Home (Archie Shepp and Horace Parlan album) __knowledge__ Its title is an allusion to Shepp's return to his African cultural roots.", "You Ain't Goin' Nowhere __knowledge__ \"You Ain't Goin' Nowhere\" is a song written by Bob Dylan in 1967 in Woodstock, New York, during the self-imposed exile from public appearances that followed his July 29, 1966 motorcycle accident.", "You Ain't Goin' Nowhere __knowledge__ A recording of Dylan performing the song in September 1971 was released on the \"Bob Dylan's Greatest Hits Vol.", "You Ain't Goin' Nowhere __knowledge__ II\" album in November of that year, marking the first official release of the song by its author.", "You Ain't Goin' Nowhere __knowledge__ An earlier 1967 recording of the song, performed by Dylan and The Band, was issued in 1975 on the album \"The Basement Tapes\".", "You Ain't Goin' Nowhere __knowledge__ The Byrds also recorded a version of the song in 1968 and issued it as a single.", "The Notorious Byrd Brothers __knowledge__ The Notorious Byrd Brothers is the fifth album by the American rock band the Byrds and was released in January 1968 on Columbia Records (\"see\" 1968 in music).", "The Notorious Byrd Brothers __knowledge__ Musically, the album represents the pinnacle of the Byrds' psychedelic experimentation, with the band blending together elements of folk rock, psychedelic rock, country music, electronic music, baroque pop and jazz on many of the songs.", "The Notorious Byrd Brothers __knowledge__ Of these disparate styles, the subtle country and western influences evident on a number of tracks pointed towards the full-blown country rock direction that the band would pursue on their next album.", "The Notorious Byrd Brothers __knowledge__ In addition, \"The Notorious Byrd Brothers\" saw the band and record producer Gary Usher making extensive use of a number of studio effects and production techniques, including phasing, flanging, and spatial panning." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Angling __knowledge__ Angling is a method of fishing by means of an \"angle\" (fish hook).", "Angling __knowledge__ The hook is usually attached to a fishing line and the line is often attached to a fishing rod.", "Angling __knowledge__ Fishing rods are usually fitted with a fishing reel that functions as a mechanism for storing, retrieving and paying out the line.", "Angling __knowledge__ Tenkara fishing and cane pole fishing are two techniques that do not use a reel.", "Angling __knowledge__ The hook itself can be dressed with bait, but sometimes a lure, with hooks attached to it, is used in place of a hook and bait.", "Angling __knowledge__ A bite indicator such as a float, and a weight or sinker are sometimes used.", "Angling __knowledge__ Angling is the principal method of sport fishing, but commercial fisheries also use angling methods such as longlining or trolling.", "Angling __knowledge__ Catch and release fishing is increasingly practiced by recreational fishermen.", "Angling __knowledge__ In many parts of the world, size limits apply to certain species, meaning fish below and/or above a certain size must, by law, be released.", "Angling __knowledge__ The species of fish pursued by anglers vary with geography.", "Angling __knowledge__ Among the many species of salt water fish that are caught for sport are swordfish, marlin, tuna, while in Europe cod and bass are popular targets.", "Angling __knowledge__ In North America the most popular fresh water sport species include bass, pike, walleye, muskellunge, yellow perch, trout, salmon, crappie, bluegill and sunfish.", "Angling in Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ Angling in Yellowstone National Park is a major reason many visitors come to the park each year and since it was created in 1872, the park has drawn anglers from around the world to fish its waters.", "Angling in Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ In 2006, over 50,000 park fishing permits were issued to visitors.", "Angling in Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ The park contains hundreds of miles of accessible, high-quality trout rivers containing wild trout populations—over 200 creeks, streams and rivers are fishable.", "Angling in Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ There are 45 fishable lakes and several large lakes are easily accessible to visitors.", "Angling in Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ Additionally, the park's remote sections provide anglers ample opportunity to visit rivers, streams, creeks and lakes that receive little angling pressure.", "Angling Trust __knowledge__ The Angling Trust, based at Leominster, Herefordshire, is an organisation formed from the merger of six angling authorities to form a single and more powerful organisation for the benefit of anglers.", "Angling Trust __knowledge__ The body oversees the development of angling for three disciplines — coarse, sea, and game fishing.", "Angling Trust __knowledge__ The Angling Trust was set up to promote anglers' rights, fish conservation, preservation of habitat and fish and angler welfare.", "Angling Trust __knowledge__ In 2009, after two years of discussion, six Angling organisations merged to create the Angling Trust: the Anglers Conservation Association (now Fish Legal), the Fisheries and Angling Conservation Trust (FACT), the National Association of Fisheries and Angling Consultatives (NAFAC), the National Federation of Anglers (NFA), the National Federation of Sea Anglers (NFSA), and the Specialist Anglers' Alliance (SAA).", "A Book on Angling __knowledge__ A Book on Angling - \"Being a complete treatise on the art of angling in every branch\" is a work of angling literature with significant fly fishing content written by Francis Francis, angling editor to The Field and published in London in 1867 by Longmans, Green and Company.", "A Book on Angling __knowledge__ \"A Book on Angling\" is best described by the author himself in the preface to the first edition: When first infected with the fever of Angling, more years ago than I care to count up, my ambition was to catch every species of freshwater fish, from the minnow up to the salmon, which inhabits our British waters.", "A Book on Angling __knowledge__ That satisfied, my next desire was to write a work, which should contain within one volume (as far as might be possible) the fullest and most varied information upon Angling generally, in every branch of the art, which had ever been published; and with this resolve I commenced collecting the matter for the present work nearly twenty years ago.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ Recreational fishing, also called sport fishing, is fishing for pleasure or competition.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ It can be contrasted with commercial fishing, which is fishing for profit, or subsistence fishing, which is fishing for survival.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ The most common form of recreational fishing is done with a rod, reel, line, hooks and any one of a wide range of baits.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ Other devices, commonly referred to as \"terminal tackle\", are also used to affect or complement the presentation of the bait to the targeted fish.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ Some examples of terminal tackle include weights, floats, and swivels.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ Lures are frequently used in place of bait.", "Kurt Angle __knowledge__ Kurt Steven Angle (born December 9, 1968) is an American professional wrestler, actor and former amateur wrestler.", "Kurt Angle __knowledge__ He is currently employed by the professional wrestling promotion WWE, where he both wrestles and serves as on-screen general manager for the Raw brand.", "Kurt Angle __knowledge__ While a student at Clarion University of Pennsylvania, Angle won numerous accolades, including being a two-time National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I Heavyweight Wrestling Champion.", "Kurt Angle __knowledge__ After graduating from college, Angle won a gold medal in freestyle wrestling at the 1995 World Wrestling Championships.", "Kurt Angle __knowledge__ He then won a freestyle wrestling gold medal at the 1996 Summer Olympics.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ Fishing is the practice of catching fish.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ It is a pre-historic practice dating back at least 40,000 years.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ Since the 16th century fishing vessels have been able to cross oceans in pursuit of fish and since the 19th century it has been possible to use larger vessels and in some cases process the fish on board.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ Fish are normally caught in the wild.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ Techniques for catching fish include hand gathering, spearing, netting, angling and trapping.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ The term fishing may be applied to catching other aquatic animals such as shellfish, cephalopods, crustaceans, and echinoderms.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ The term is not usually applied to catching aquatic mammals, such as whales, where the term whaling is more appropriate, or to farmed fish.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Fly fishing is an angling method in which an artificial \"fly\" is used to catch fish.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ The fly is cast using a fly rod, reel, and specialized weighted line.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Casting a nearly weightless fly or \"lure\" requires casting techniques significantly different from other forms of casting.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Fly fishermen use hand tied flies that resemble natural invertebrates, baitfish, other food organisms, or \"lures\" to provoke the fish to strike (bite at the fly).", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Fly fishing can be done in fresh or salt water.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ North Americans usually distinguish freshwater fishing between cold-water species (trout, salmon, steelhead) and warm-water species, notably bass.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Fishing is the activity of trying to catch fish.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Fish are normally caught in the wild.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Techniques for catching fish include hand gathering, spearing, netting, angling and trapping.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Fishing may include catching aquatic animals other than fish, such as molluscs, cephalopods, crustaceans, and echinoderms.", "Fishing __knowledge__ The term is not normally applied to catching farmed fish, or to aquatic mammals, such as whales where the term whaling is more appropriate.", "Fishing __knowledge__ According to the United Nations FAO statistics, the total number of commercial fishermen and fish farmers is estimated to be 38 million.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Fisheries and aquaculture provide direct and indirect employment to over 500 million people in developing countries.", "Bass fishing __knowledge__ Bass fishing is the activity of angling for the North American gamefish known colloquially as the \"black bass\".", "Bass fishing __knowledge__ There are numerous black bass species considered as gamefish in North America, including largemouth bass (\"Micropterus salmoides\"), smallmouth bass (\"Micropterus dolomieui\"), spotted bass or Kentucky bass (\"Micropterus punctulatus\"), and Guadalupe bass (order \"Perciformes\").", "Bass fishing __knowledge__ Modern bass fishing has evolved into a multibillion-dollar industry.", "Bass fishing __knowledge__ The sport has changed drastically since its beginnings in the late 19th century.", "Bass fishing __knowledge__ From humble beginnings, the black bass has become the most specifically sought-after game fish in the United States." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Angling __knowledge__ Angling is a method of fishing by means of an \"angle\" (fish hook).", "Angling __knowledge__ The hook is usually attached to a fishing line and the line is often attached to a fishing rod.", "Angling __knowledge__ Fishing rods are usually fitted with a fishing reel that functions as a mechanism for storing, retrieving and paying out the line.", "Angling __knowledge__ Tenkara fishing and cane pole fishing are two techniques that do not use a reel.", "Angling __knowledge__ The hook itself can be dressed with bait, but sometimes a lure, with hooks attached to it, is used in place of a hook and bait.", "Angling __knowledge__ A bite indicator such as a float, and a weight or sinker are sometimes used.", "Angling __knowledge__ Angling is the principal method of sport fishing, but commercial fisheries also use angling methods such as longlining or trolling.", "Angling __knowledge__ Catch and release fishing is increasingly practiced by recreational fishermen.", "Angling __knowledge__ In many parts of the world, size limits apply to certain species, meaning fish below and/or above a certain size must, by law, be released.", "Angling __knowledge__ The species of fish pursued by anglers vary with geography.", "Angling __knowledge__ Among the many species of salt water fish that are caught for sport are swordfish, marlin, tuna, while in Europe cod and bass are popular targets.", "Angling __knowledge__ In North America the most popular fresh water sport species include bass, pike, walleye, muskellunge, yellow perch, trout, salmon, crappie, bluegill and sunfish.", "Toba Tek Singh District __knowledge__ Toba Tek Singh District () is a district in the Punjab province of Pakistan.", "Toba Tek Singh District __knowledge__ It is located between 30°33' to 31°2' Degree north latitudes and 72°08' to 72°48' Degree longitudes.", "Toba Tek Singh District __knowledge__ It became a separate district in 1982.", "Toba Tek Singh District __knowledge__ The city and district is named after a Sikh religious figure Tek Singh.", "Toba Tek Singh District __knowledge__ Legend has it that Mr. Singh a kind-hearted man served water and provided shelter to the worn out and thirsty travelers passing by a small pond (\"TOBA\" in Punjabi) which eventually was called Toba Tek Singh, and the surrounding settlement acquired the same name.", "Toba Tek Singh District __knowledge__ There is also a park here named after the Sardar Tek Singh.", "Toba Tek Singh __knowledge__ Toba Tek Singh (Punjabi and ) is a city and tehsil of Toba Tek Singh District in the Pakistani province of Punjab.", "Toba Tek Singh __knowledge__ The town and district is named after a Sikh religious figure Tek Singh.", "Toba Tek Singh __knowledge__ Legend has it that Mr. Singh a kind hearted man served water and provided shelter to the worn out and thirsty travellers passing by a small pond (\"toba\" in Punjabi) which eventually was called Toba Tek Singh, and the surrounding settlement acquired the same name.", "Toba Tek Singh __knowledge__ Toba Tek Singh was developed by the British toward the end of the 18th Century when a canal system was built.", "Toba Tek Singh __knowledge__ People from all over the Punjab (currently Indian and Pakistani Punjab) moved there as farmlands were allotted to them.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Countdown (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ \"Countdown\" is a song recorded by American singer Beyoncé for her fourth studio album, \"4\" (2011).", "Countdown (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ The song was written by Knowles, Terius Nash, Shea Taylor, Ester Dean, Cainon Lamb, Julie Frost, Michael Bivins, Nathan Morris and Wanya Morris, and produced by Beyoncé, Taylor and Lamb.", "Countdown (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ The song's conception was brought about by Knowles desiring to mix musical styles of the 1990s with the 1970s.", "Countdown (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ It was sent to radio on October 4, 2011 as the fourth single from \"4\".", "Countdown (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ Featuring a sample of \"Uhh Ahh\" by Boyz II Men, \"Countdown\" incorporates aspects of hip hop, funk, reggae and world music.", "Countdown (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ According to the lyrics, the female protagonist delivers a message of monogamy for her lover, celebrating self-worthiness as well as appreciating him.", "St. Peter's High School, Pakistan __knowledge__ St. Peter's High School is a Catholic Pakistani high school in Toba Tek Singh, Punjab.", "St. Peter's High School, Pakistan __knowledge__ Toba Tek Singh (Punjabi/) is a city and tehsil of Toba Tek Singh District in the Pakistani province of Punjab.", "St. Peter's High School, Pakistan __knowledge__ It was founded in July 1967 in Toba Tek Singh in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Faisalabad, Pakistan.", "St. Peter's High School, Pakistan __knowledge__ The bishop endorsed the request of the community to found a Catholic school, and with community participation a primary school was begun in the Christian colony Toba Tek Singh.", "St. Peter's High School, Pakistan __knowledge__ The school was started in a small old chapel.", "St. Peter's High School, Pakistan __knowledge__ Fr.", "St. Peter's High School, Pakistan __knowledge__ Bonnie Mendes and some other diocesan educational staff inaugurated the school.", "Ooh Ahh (GRITS song) __knowledge__ \"Ooh Ahh\" is a single by American Christian hip hop group GRITS featuring TobyMac.", "Ooh Ahh (GRITS song) __knowledge__ It was recorded for their fourth studio album, \"The Art of Translation\".", "Ooh Ahh (GRITS song) __knowledge__ It was produced by Ric \"DJ Form\" Robbins and Otto Price for Incorporated Elements.", "Ooh Ahh (GRITS song) __knowledge__ The song was written by Ric Robbins, Otto Price, Coffee and Bone of Grits, and Toby Mac.", "Ooh Ahh (GRITS song) __knowledge__ It is sometimes referred to as \"My Life Be Like\" or \"My Life Be Like (Ooh Ahh)\".", "Ooh Ahh (GRITS song) __knowledge__ A cut from the song is featured on tobyMac's song, \"Catchafire (Whoopsi-Daisy)\" from his album \"Welcome to Diverse City\".", "Ooh Ahh (GRITS song) __knowledge__ To date, \"Ooh Ahh\" has been RIAA Digital Certified Gold for over 500,000 downloads and on-demand streams.", "Shoaling and schooling __knowledge__ In biology, any group of fish that stay together for social reasons are shoaling (pronounced ), and if the group is swimming in the same direction in a coordinated manner, they are schooling (pronounced ).", "Shoaling and schooling __knowledge__ In common usage, the terms are sometimes used rather loosely.", "Shoaling and schooling __knowledge__ About one quarter of fish species shoal all their lives, and about one half shoal for part of their lives.", "Shoaling and schooling __knowledge__ Fish derive many benefits from shoaling behaviour including defence against predators (through better predator detection and by diluting the chance of individual capture), enhanced foraging success, and higher success in finding a mate.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Fishing tackle is the equipment used by fishermen when fishing.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Almost any equipment or gear used for fishing can be called fishing tackle.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Some examples are hooks, lines, sinkers, floats, rods, reels, baits, lures, spears, nets, gaffs, traps, waders and tackle boxes.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Gear that is attached to the end of a fishing line is called terminal tackle.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ This includes hooks, leaders, swivels, sinkers, floats, split rings and wire, snaps, beads, spoons, blades, spinners and clevises to attach spinner blades to fishing lures.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Sometimes the term fishing rig is used for a completed assembly of tackle ready for fishing.", "Fishing line __knowledge__ A fishing line is a cord used or made for angling.", "Fishing line __knowledge__ Important parameters of a fishing line are its length, material, and weight (thicker lines are more visible to fish).", "Fishing line __knowledge__ Factors that may determine what line an angler chooses for a given fishing environment include breaking strength, knot strength, UV resistance, castability, limpness, stretch, abrasion resistance, and visibility.", "Fishing line __knowledge__ Most modern lines are made from nylon or silk.", "Fishing line __knowledge__ Fish are caught with a fishing line by encouraging a fish to bite on a fish hook.", "Fishing line __knowledge__ A fish hook will pierce the mouthparts of a fish and is normally barbed to make escape less likely.", "Trolling (fishing) __knowledge__ Trolling can be phonetically confused with trawling, a different method of fishing where a net (trawl) is drawn through the water instead of lines.", "Trolling (fishing) __knowledge__ Trolling is used both for recreational and commercial fishing whereas trawling is used mainly for commercial fishing.", "Trolling (fishing) __knowledge__ Trolling from a moving boat involves moving quite slowly through the water.", "Trolling (fishing) __knowledge__ This can be accomplished with the use of a special trolling motor.", "Trolling (fishing) __knowledge__ Multiple lines are often used, and outriggers can be used to spread the lines more widely and reduce their chances of tangling.", "Trolling (fishing) __knowledge__ Downriggers can also be used to keep the lures or baits trailing at a desired depth.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ Recreational fishing, also called sport fishing, is fishing for pleasure or competition.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ It can be contrasted with commercial fishing, which is fishing for profit, or subsistence fishing, which is fishing for survival.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ The most common form of recreational fishing is done with a rod, reel, line, hooks and any one of a wide range of baits.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ Other devices, commonly referred to as \"terminal tackle\", are also used to affect or complement the presentation of the bait to the targeted fish.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ Some examples of terminal tackle include weights, floats, and swivels.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ Lures are frequently used in place of bait.", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ A fishing rod is a long, flexible rod used to catch fish.", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ At its simplest, a fishing rod is a simple stick or pole attached to a line ending in a hook (formerly known as an \"angle\", hence the term angling).", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ The length of the rod can vary between .", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ To entice fish, bait or lures are impaled on one or more hooks attached to the line.", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ The line is generally stored on a reel which reduces tangles and assists in landing a fish.", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ Traditionally rods are made from bamboo, while contemporary rods are usually made from fibreglass or carbon fibre.", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ In contrast with nets, which are usually used in subsistence and commercial fishing, fishing rods are more often used in recreational fishing and competitive casting.", "Fishing techniques __knowledge__ Fishing techniques are methods for catching fish.", "Fishing techniques __knowledge__ The term may also be applied to methods for catching other aquatic animals such as molluscs (shellfish, squid, octopus) and edible marine invertebrates.", "Fishing techniques __knowledge__ Fishing techniques include hand-gathering, spearfishing, netting, angling and trapping.", "Fishing techniques __knowledge__ Recreational, commercial and artisanal fishers use different techniques, and also, sometimes, the same techniques.", "Fishing techniques __knowledge__ Recreational fishers fish for pleasure or sport, while commercial fishers fish for profit.", "Fishing techniques __knowledge__ Artisanal fishers use traditional, low-tech methods, for survival in third-world countries, and as a cultural heritage in other countries.", "Fishing reel __knowledge__ A fishing reel is a cylindrical device attached to a fishing rod used in winding and stowing line.", "Fishing reel __knowledge__ Modern fishing reels usually have fittings aiding in casting for distance and accuracy, as well as retrieving line.", "Fishing reel __knowledge__ Fishing reels are traditionally used in the recreational sport of angling and competitive casting.", "Fishing reel __knowledge__ They are typically attached to a fishing rod, though some specialized reels are mounted directly to boat gunwales or transoms.", "Fishing reel __knowledge__ The fishing reel was invented in Song dynasty China, where the earliest known illustration of a fishing reel is from Chinese paintings and records beginning about 1195 AD." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Angling __knowledge__ Angling is a method of fishing by means of an \"angle\" (fish hook).", "Angling __knowledge__ The hook is usually attached to a fishing line and the line is often attached to a fishing rod.", "Angling __knowledge__ Fishing rods are usually fitted with a fishing reel that functions as a mechanism for storing, retrieving and paying out the line.", "Angling __knowledge__ Tenkara fishing and cane pole fishing are two techniques that do not use a reel.", "Angling __knowledge__ The hook itself can be dressed with bait, but sometimes a lure, with hooks attached to it, is used in place of a hook and bait.", "Angling __knowledge__ A bite indicator such as a float, and a weight or sinker are sometimes used.", "Angling __knowledge__ Angling is the principal method of sport fishing, but commercial fisheries also use angling methods such as longlining or trolling.", "Angling __knowledge__ Catch and release fishing is increasingly practiced by recreational fishermen.", "Angling __knowledge__ In many parts of the world, size limits apply to certain species, meaning fish below and/or above a certain size must, by law, be released.", "Angling __knowledge__ The species of fish pursued by anglers vary with geography.", "Angling __knowledge__ Among the many species of salt water fish that are caught for sport are swordfish, marlin, tuna, while in Europe cod and bass are popular targets.", "Angling __knowledge__ In North America the most popular fresh water sport species include bass, pike, walleye, muskellunge, yellow perch, trout, salmon, crappie, bluegill and sunfish.", "Camouflage __knowledge__ Camouflage is the use of any combination of materials, coloration, or illumination for concealment, either by making animals or objects hard to see (crypsis), or by disguising them as something else (mimesis).", "Camouflage __knowledge__ Examples include the leopard's spotted coat, the battledress of a modern soldier, and the leaf-mimic katydid's wings.", "Camouflage __knowledge__ A third approach, motion dazzle, confuses the observer with a conspicuous pattern, making the object visible but momentarily harder to locate.", "Camouflage __knowledge__ The majority of camouflage methods aim for crypsis, often through a general resemblance to the background, high contrast disruptive coloration, eliminating shadow, and countershading.", "Fish __knowledge__ Fish are the gill-bearing aquatic craniate animals that lack limbs with digits.", "Fish __knowledge__ They form a sister group to the tunicates, together forming the olfactores.", "Fish __knowledge__ Included in this definition are the living hagfish, lampreys, and cartilaginous and bony fish as well as various extinct related groups.", "Fish __knowledge__ Tetrapods emerged within lobe-finned fishes, so cladistically they are fish as well.", "Fish __knowledge__ However, traditionally fish are rendered paraphyletic by excluding the tetrapods (i.e., the amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals which all descended from within the same ancestry).", "Fish __knowledge__ Because in this manner the term \"fish\" is defined negatively as a paraphyletic group, it is not considered a formal taxonomic grouping in systematic biology.", "Maritime history of California __knowledge__ In the California coast, the use of ships and the Pacific Ocean has historically included water craft (such as dugouts, canoes, sailing ships, and steamships), fisheries, shipbuilding, Gold Rush shipping, ports, shipwrecks, naval ships and installations, and lighthouses.", "Maritime history of California __knowledge__ The maritime history of California can be divided into several periods: the Native American period; European exploration period from 1542 to 1769; the Spanish colonial period, 1769 to 1821; the Mexican period, 1821 to 1847; and United States statehood period, which continues to the present day.", "Maritime history of California __knowledge__ In the northwest coast of California near the redwood forests several Indian tribes developed large dugout canoes they used for fishing, trade and warfare.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Fishing is the activity of trying to catch fish.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Fish are normally caught in the wild.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Techniques for catching fish include hand gathering, spearing, netting, angling and trapping.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Fishing may include catching aquatic animals other than fish, such as molluscs, cephalopods, crustaceans, and echinoderms.", "Fishing __knowledge__ The term is not normally applied to catching farmed fish, or to aquatic mammals, such as whales where the term whaling is more appropriate.", "Fishing __knowledge__ According to the United Nations FAO statistics, the total number of commercial fishermen and fish farmers is estimated to be 38 million.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Fisheries and aquaculture provide direct and indirect employment to over 500 million people in developing countries.", "Noncentral hypergeometric distributions __knowledge__ In statistics, the hypergeometric distribution is the discrete probability distribution generated by picking colored balls at random from an urn without replacement.", "Noncentral hypergeometric distributions __knowledge__ Various generalizations to this distribution exist for cases where the picking of colored balls is biased so that balls of one color are more likely to be picked than balls of another color.", "Noncentral hypergeometric distributions __knowledge__ This can be illustrated by the following example.", "Noncentral hypergeometric distributions __knowledge__ Assume that an opinion poll is conducted by calling random telephone numbers.", "Noncentral hypergeometric distributions __knowledge__ Unemployed people are more likely to be home and answer the phone than employed people are.", "Noncentral hypergeometric distributions __knowledge__ Therefore, unemployed respondents are likely to be over-represented in the sample.", "Postcolonial feminism __knowledge__ Postcolonial feminism is a form of feminism that developed as a response to feminism focusing solely on the experiences of women in Western cultures.", "Postcolonial feminism __knowledge__ Postcolonial feminism seeks to account for the way that racism and the long-lasting political, economic, and cultural effects of colonialism affect non-white, non-Western women in the postcolonial world.", "Postcolonial feminism __knowledge__ Postcolonial feminism originated in the 1980s as a critique of feminist theorists in developed countries pointing out the universalizing tendencies of mainstream feminist ideas and argues that women living in non-Western countries are misrepresented.", "Radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster __knowledge__ The radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster are the observed and predicted effects resulting from the release of radioactive isotopes from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant after the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami.", "Radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster __knowledge__ Radioactive isotopes were released from reactor containment vessels as a result of venting to reduce gaseous pressure, and the discharge of coolant water into the sea.", "Radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster __knowledge__ This resulted in Japanese authorities implementing a 20 km exclusion zone around the power plant, and the continued displacement of approximately 156,000 people as of early 2013.", "Radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster __knowledge__ Trace quantities of radioactive particles from the incident, including iodine-131 and caesium-134/137, have since been detected around the world.", "Spinnerbait __knowledge__ A spinnerbait refers to any one of a family of fishing lures that get their name from one or more metal blades shaped so as to spin like a propeller when the lure is in motion, creating varying degrees of flash and vibration that mimics small fish or other prey.", "Spinnerbait __knowledge__ The two most popular types of spinnerbaits are the 'in-line spinner' and 'safety pin' spinnerbaits, though others such as the 'tail-spinner' also exist.", "Spinnerbait __knowledge__ Spinnerbaits are used principally for catching predatory fish such as perch, pike and bass.", "Spinnerbait __knowledge__ Spinnerbaits attract predatory fish primarily by activating a special sense organ called the lateral line system through the spinning blade.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Fishing tackle is the equipment used by fishermen when fishing.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Almost any equipment or gear used for fishing can be called fishing tackle.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Some examples are hooks, lines, sinkers, floats, rods, reels, baits, lures, spears, nets, gaffs, traps, waders and tackle boxes.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Gear that is attached to the end of a fishing line is called terminal tackle.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ This includes hooks, leaders, swivels, sinkers, floats, split rings and wire, snaps, beads, spoons, blades, spinners and clevises to attach spinner blades to fishing lures.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Sometimes the term fishing rig is used for a completed assembly of tackle ready for fishing.", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ A fishing rod is a long, flexible rod used to catch fish.", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ At its simplest, a fishing rod is a simple stick or pole attached to a line ending in a hook (formerly known as an \"angle\", hence the term angling).", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ The length of the rod can vary between .", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ To entice fish, bait or lures are impaled on one or more hooks attached to the line.", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ The line is generally stored on a reel which reduces tangles and assists in landing a fish.", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ Traditionally rods are made from bamboo, while contemporary rods are usually made from fibreglass or carbon fibre.", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ In contrast with nets, which are usually used in subsistence and commercial fishing, fishing rods are more often used in recreational fishing and competitive casting.", "Fishing reel __knowledge__ A fishing reel is a cylindrical device attached to a fishing rod used in winding and stowing line.", "Fishing reel __knowledge__ Modern fishing reels usually have fittings aiding in casting for distance and accuracy, as well as retrieving line.", "Fishing reel __knowledge__ Fishing reels are traditionally used in the recreational sport of angling and competitive casting.", "Fishing reel __knowledge__ They are typically attached to a fishing rod, though some specialized reels are mounted directly to boat gunwales or transoms.", "Fishing reel __knowledge__ The fishing reel was invented in Song dynasty China, where the earliest known illustration of a fishing reel is from Chinese paintings and records beginning about 1195 AD.", "Marlin fishing __knowledge__ Marlin fishing (also called billfishing) is considered by some game fishermen to be a pinnacle of offshore game fishing, due to the size and power of the four marlin species and their relative rareness.", "Marlin fishing __knowledge__ Fishing for marlin captured the imagination of some sport fishermen in the 1930s, when well-known angler/authors Zane Grey, who fished for black, striped, and blue marlin in the Pacific, and Ernest Hemingway, who fished the Florida Keys, Bahamas and Cuba for Atlantic blue marlin and white marlin, wrote extensively about their pursuit and enthused about the sporting qualities of their quarry.", "Marlin fishing __knowledge__ These days a lot of resources are committed to the construction of private and charter billfishing boats to participate in the billfishing tournament circuit.", "Fish hook __knowledge__ A fish hook or fishhook is a device for catching fish either by impaling them in the mouth or, more rarely, by snagging the body of the fish.", "Fish hook __knowledge__ Fish hooks have been employed for centuries by fishermen to catch fresh and saltwater fish.", "Fish hook __knowledge__ In 2005, the fish hook was chosen by \"Forbes\" as one of the top twenty tools in the history of man.", "Fish hook __knowledge__ Fish hooks are normally attached to some form of line or lure which connects the caught fish to the fisherman.", "Fish hook __knowledge__ There is an enormous variety of fish hooks in the world of fishing.", "Fish hook __knowledge__ Sizes, designs, shapes, and materials are all variable depending on the intended purpose of the fish hook." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 5, 7 ]

[ "Great! Angling is a variation of fishing by using an \"angle\"", "It's a type of hook that attaches to a fishing line.", "The hook can be dressed with bait, but a lure is sometimes used instead.", "It's the typical method of sport fishing, but commercial fisheries use \"Angles\" too." ]

[ "Angling", "Angling", "Angling", "Angling" ]

[ "Tattoo\nI have been thinking of getting a tattoo . Can you tell me more about this so I can make a decision?", "I see. Do you have any tattoos or do you dislike them?", "Understandable, I am scared that permanent tattoos might be regretted later! What exactly are skin pigments?", "Interesting, it might be painful right?", "Thats reassuring! I hopefully will get one on my back. I will get a tattoo of a horse." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tattoo __knowledge__ A tattoo is a form of body modification where a design is made by inserting ink, dyes and pigments, either indelible or temporary, into the dermis layer of the skin to change the pigment.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ Tattoos fall into three broad categories: purely decorative (with no specific meaning); symbolic (with a specific meaning pertinent to the wearer); pictorial (a depiction of a specific person or item).", "Tattoo __knowledge__ Tattoos have historically been regarded in the West as 'uncivilised', and over the last 100 years the fashion has been associated mainly with sailors, working men and criminals.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ By the end of the 20th Century many Western stigmas of the tattoo culture had been dismissed and the practice has become more acceptable and accessible for people of all trades and levels of society.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ The word \"tattoo\", or \"tattow\" in the 18th century, is a loanword from the Polynesian word \"tatau\", meaning \"to write\".", "Tattoo __knowledge__ The \"Oxford English Dictionary\" gives the etymology of tattoo as \"In 18th c. tattaow, tattow.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ From Polynesian (Samoan, Tahitian, Tongan, etc.)", "Tattoo __knowledge__ tatau.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ In Marquesan, tatu.\"", "Tattoo __knowledge__ Before the importation of the Polynesian word, the practice of tattooing had been described in the West as painting, scarring, or staining.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ This is not to be confused with the origins of the word for the military drumbeat or performance — see \"military tattoo\".", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Ink Master (season 6) __knowledge__ The sixth season of the tattoo reality competition \"Ink Master\" (subtitled as \"Ink Master: Master vs. Apprentice\") premiered on Spike on June 23 and concluded on October 13, 2015 with a total of 16 episodes.", "Ink Master (season 6) __knowledge__ The season was announced on December 1, 2014 and premiered on June 23, 2015.", "Ink Master (season 6) __knowledge__ The premise of this season is to feature mentors and their apprentices as they compete against each other in an elimination-style competition with a $100,000 grand prize.", "Ink Master (season 6) __knowledge__ The judges for season six were Chris Núñez, Oliver Peck, and Dave Navarro who also serves as host of the show.", "Ink Master (season 6) __knowledge__ The guest judges this season include Richard Stell (episode 2), Avan Jogia (episode 4), Mike Rubendall (episode 6), Justin Weatherholtz (episode 9) and Rose Hardy (episode 10) and Carter Foster (episode 11).", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of main characters in the \"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\" franchise.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ The Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles are a team of mutant red-eared sliders named after four Renaissance artists and living in the sewers of New York City, where they train by day and fight crime by night as ninjas.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Leonardo is the calm and courageous leader of the Ninja Turtles.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ He is the most devoted student to Master Splinter and the study of Ninjutsu.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Leo wears a blue mask and wields two ninjakens, also known as ninjatō.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Raphael is the tough, sarcastic bad boy of the Ninja Turtles.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Raph wears a red mask and wields a pair of sais.", "Tattoo removal __knowledge__ Tattoo removal has been performed with various tools since the start of tattooing.", "Tattoo removal __knowledge__ While tattoos were once considered permanent, it is now possible to remove them with treatments, fully or partially.", "Tattoo removal __knowledge__ Before the development of laser tattoo removal methods, common techniques included dermabrasion, TCA (Trichloroacetic acid, an acid that removes the top layers of skin, reaching as deep as the layer in which the tattoo ink resides), salabrasion (scrubbing the skin with salt), cryosurgery and excision which is sometimes still used along with skin grafts for larger tattoos.", "Tattoo removal __knowledge__ Some early forms of tattoo removal included the injection or application of wine, lime, garlic or pigeon excrement.", "Alex Udinov __knowledge__ Alexandra \"Alex\" Udinov is one of the main characters on the television series \"Nikita\", portrayed by Lyndsy Fonseca.", "Alex Udinov __knowledge__ Many fans of \"Team Nikita\" (consisting of Nikita, Michael, Birkhoff, Sean, Ryan, and Owen) consider Alex as the baby of the \"family,\" this is because Alex, being the youngest of the group, when her walls are down, can behave childlike and callow.", "Alex Udinov __knowledge__ Alex is the daughter of the late Russian oligarch Nikolai Udinov and his wife who were murdered by Division, on orders of Sergei Semak, when Alex was a child.", "Alex Udinov __knowledge__ Udinov owned the billion-dollar company Zetrov, of which Alex was the sole heir.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the characters that have appeared on \"90210\", an American teen drama.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The series introduces Annie Wilson (Shenae Grimes) and her adopted brother Dixon (Tristan Wilds), who move from Kansas to Beverly Hills with their father Harry (Rob Estes) and mother Debbie (Lori Loughlin).", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The family relocated in order to care for Harry's mother Tabitha (Jessica Walter).", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The first actor to be cast for the TV series was Dustin Milligan on April 1, 2008, followed by AnnaLynne McCord on April 14.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ Sachs found Milligan to be \"really funny\", and changed Ethan to better represent his personality.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ McCord was cast because, according to Sachs, \"she's someone who is worldly, and there's a sophistication to her that's interesting.\"" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tattoo __knowledge__ A tattoo is a form of body modification where a design is made by inserting ink, dyes and pigments, either indelible or temporary, into the dermis layer of the skin to change the pigment.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ Tattoos fall into three broad categories: purely decorative (with no specific meaning); symbolic (with a specific meaning pertinent to the wearer); pictorial (a depiction of a specific person or item).", "Tattoo __knowledge__ Tattoos have historically been regarded in the West as 'uncivilised', and over the last 100 years the fashion has been associated mainly with sailors, working men and criminals.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ By the end of the 20th Century many Western stigmas of the tattoo culture had been dismissed and the practice has become more acceptable and accessible for people of all trades and levels of society.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ The word \"tattoo\", or \"tattow\" in the 18th century, is a loanword from the Polynesian word \"tatau\", meaning \"to write\".", "Tattoo __knowledge__ The \"Oxford English Dictionary\" gives the etymology of tattoo as \"In 18th c. tattaow, tattow.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ From Polynesian (Samoan, Tahitian, Tongan, etc.)", "Tattoo __knowledge__ tatau.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ In Marquesan, tatu.\"", "Tattoo __knowledge__ Before the importation of the Polynesian word, the practice of tattooing had been described in the West as painting, scarring, or staining.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ This is not to be confused with the origins of the word for the military drumbeat or performance — see \"military tattoo\".", "History of tattooing __knowledge__ Tattooing has been practiced across the globe since at least Neolithic times, as evidenced by mummified preserved skin, ancient art, and the archaeological record.", "History of tattooing __knowledge__ Both ancient art and archaeological finds of possible tattoo tools suggest tattooing was practiced by the Upper Paleolithic period in Europe.", "History of tattooing __knowledge__ However, direct evidence for tattooing on mummified human skin extends only to the 4th millennium BC.", "History of tattooing __knowledge__ The oldest discovery of tattooed human skin to date is found on the body of Ötzi the Iceman, dating to between 3370 and 3100 BC.", "History of tattooing __knowledge__ Other tattooed mummies have been recovered from at least 49 archaeological sites including locations in Greenland, Alaska, Siberia, Mongolia, western China, Egypt, Sudan, the Philippines, and the Andes.", "Religious perspectives on tattooing __knowledge__ Some religions have perspectives on tattooing.", "Religious perspectives on tattooing __knowledge__ Some Christians take issue with tattooing, upholding the Hebrew prohibition (see below).", "Religious perspectives on tattooing __knowledge__ The Hebrew prohibition is based on interpreting Leviticus 19:28—\"Ye shall not make any cuttings in your flesh for the dead, nor print any marks upon you\"—so as to prohibit tattoos, and perhaps even makeup.", "Religious perspectives on tattooing __knowledge__ Interpretations of the passage vary, however.", "Religious perspectives on tattooing __knowledge__ Some believe that it refers specifically to, and exclusively prohibits, an ancient form of self-mutilation during mourning (as discussed in the Judaism section).", "Religious perspectives on tattooing __knowledge__ Under this interpretation, tattooing is permitted to Jews and Christians.", "Criminal tattoo __knowledge__ Criminal tattoos are a type of tattoos associated with criminals to show gang membership and record the wearer's personal history—such as their skills, specialties, accomplishments, incarceration, world view and/or means of personal expression.", "Criminal tattoo __knowledge__ Tattoos are strongly empirically associated with deviance, personality disorders, and criminality.", "Criminal tattoo __knowledge__ Certain tattoo designs have developed recognized coded meanings.", "Criminal tattoo __knowledge__ The code systems can be quite complex and because of the nature of what they encode, the designs of criminal tattoos are not widely recognized as such to outsiders.", "Criminal tattoo __knowledge__ Since tattooing in prison is illegal in the United States, the inmates do not have the proper equipment necessary for the practice.", "Sailor tattoos __knowledge__ Sailor tattoos refer to a type of tattoo traditionally favored by sailors and the traditions that accompany these tattoos.", "Sailor tattoos __knowledge__ \"Old school\" tattoos were common among sailors, depicting images like swallows on either side of the chest, girls in sailor hats, and pairs of dice.", "Sailor tattoos __knowledge__ Sailor Jerry's work typified this style of tattooing during the early-mid twentieth century.", "Sailor tattoos __knowledge__ After falling out of style for several decades, these stylized tattoos are regaining popularity again among young people, both sailors and non-sailors.", "Sailor tattoos __knowledge__ They are particularly favored among tattoo artists themselves.", "Sailor tattoos __knowledge__ This returning trend is also seen in the increasing popularity of traditional Sailor Jerry designs, nautical tattoos and even clothing printed with stylized sailor tattoo images.", "Chinese calligraphy tattoos __knowledge__ Chinese calligraphy tattoos are a form of tattooing and a style of calligraphy combined into one form of art.", "Chinese calligraphy tattoos __knowledge__ Originally, Chinese calligraphy and tattoos were combined to distinguish social class or tribes.", "Chinese calligraphy tattoos __knowledge__ Calligraphy started in Europe and Asia and then spread to other continents and countries.", "Chinese calligraphy tattoos __knowledge__ Today, Chinese calligraphy tattoos can be found worldwide and anyone is able to receive them.", "Chinese calligraphy tattoos __knowledge__ People who tend to get these tattoos are fond of this style of tattooing because of their perceived uniqueness.", "Chinese calligraphy tattoos __knowledge__ Calligraphy is a form of art related to writing that originated in ancient Greece.", "Chinese calligraphy tattoos __knowledge__ A pen, fine pointed object, or a brush is used to draw symbols.", "Irezumi __knowledge__ Irezumi is a traditional style of Japanese tattooing, as well as certain modern forms derived from it.", "Irezumi __knowledge__ Irezumi is done by hand, using wooden handles and metal needles attached via silk thread.", "Irezumi __knowledge__ This method also requires special ink called nara ink.", "Irezumi __knowledge__ It is a painful and time consuming process, done by a limited number of specialists.", "Irezumi __knowledge__ The tattoo artist is called a Horishi, and usually has one or more apprentices working for him for a long period of time.", "Irezumi __knowledge__ They often become a part of the horishis tattoo family.", "Irezumi __knowledge__ Irezumi was initially associated with firemen, who wore them as a form of spiritual protection.", "Maya society __knowledge__ Maya society concerns the social organization of the Pre-Hispanic Mayas, its political structures and social classes.", "Maya society __knowledge__ A Classic period Maya polity was a small kingdom (\"ajawil\", \"ajawlel\", \"ajawlil\") headed by a hereditary ruler – \"ajaw\", later \"k’uhul ajaw\".", "Maya society __knowledge__ Both terms appear in early Colonial texts including \"Papeles de Paxbolón\" where they are used as synonyms for Aztec and Spanish terms for rulers and their domains.", "Maya society __knowledge__ These are \"tlatoani\" and \"tlahtocayotl\" in Nahuatl, and the Spanish words \"rey\", \"majestad\", and \"reino\" and \"señor\" for ruler/leader/lord and \"señorío\" or \"dominio\" of realm.", "Maya society __knowledge__ Such kingdoms were usually no more than a capital city with its neighborhood and several dependent towns (similar to a city-state).", "Tattooed Lady __knowledge__ Tattooed ladies were working class women who acquired tattoos and performed in circuses, sideshows, and dime show museums as means for earning a substantial living.", "Tattooed Lady __knowledge__ At the height of their popularity during the turn of the 20th century, tattooed ladies transgressed Victorian gender norms by showcasing their bodies in scantily clad clothing and earned a salary considerably larger their male counterparts.Tattooed ladies often used captivity narratives as a means for excusing their appearance, and to tantalize the audience.", "Tattooed Lady __knowledge__ The popularity of tattooed ladies waned with the onset of television.", "Tattooed Lady __knowledge__ Thirty years before tattooed women exploded on the sideshow and dime museum circuit scene, a young, white woman made national headlines with her unusual appearance and frightening story.", "Tongue splitting __knowledge__ Tongue bifurcation, splitting or forking, is a type of body modification in which the tongue is cut centrally from its tip to as far back as the underside base, forking the end.", "Tongue splitting __knowledge__ It is a common body alteration for body modification enthusiasts.", "Tongue splitting __knowledge__ There are several methods used to split tongues: cutting with a scalpel, cauterizing and tying off.", "Tongue splitting __knowledge__ It is performed by oral surgeons, plastic surgeons, or body modification practitioners, or done oneself, but only oral and plastic surgeons are licensed.", "Tongue splitting __knowledge__ Before splitting with any method, some choose to have a well-healed tongue piercing where the back end of the split is intended to be." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tattoo __knowledge__ A tattoo is a form of body modification where a design is made by inserting ink, dyes and pigments, either indelible or temporary, into the dermis layer of the skin to change the pigment.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ Tattoos fall into three broad categories: purely decorative (with no specific meaning); symbolic (with a specific meaning pertinent to the wearer); pictorial (a depiction of a specific person or item).", "Tattoo __knowledge__ Tattoos have historically been regarded in the West as 'uncivilised', and over the last 100 years the fashion has been associated mainly with sailors, working men and criminals.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ By the end of the 20th Century many Western stigmas of the tattoo culture had been dismissed and the practice has become more acceptable and accessible for people of all trades and levels of society.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ The word \"tattoo\", or \"tattow\" in the 18th century, is a loanword from the Polynesian word \"tatau\", meaning \"to write\".", "Tattoo __knowledge__ The \"Oxford English Dictionary\" gives the etymology of tattoo as \"In 18th c. tattaow, tattow.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ From Polynesian (Samoan, Tahitian, Tongan, etc.)", "Tattoo __knowledge__ tatau.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ In Marquesan, tatu.\"", "Tattoo __knowledge__ Before the importation of the Polynesian word, the practice of tattooing had been described in the West as painting, scarring, or staining.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ This is not to be confused with the origins of the word for the military drumbeat or performance — see \"military tattoo\".", "History of tattooing __knowledge__ Tattooing has been practiced across the globe since at least Neolithic times, as evidenced by mummified preserved skin, ancient art, and the archaeological record.", "History of tattooing __knowledge__ Both ancient art and archaeological finds of possible tattoo tools suggest tattooing was practiced by the Upper Paleolithic period in Europe.", "History of tattooing __knowledge__ However, direct evidence for tattooing on mummified human skin extends only to the 4th millennium BC.", "History of tattooing __knowledge__ The oldest discovery of tattooed human skin to date is found on the body of Ötzi the Iceman, dating to between 3370 and 3100 BC.", "History of tattooing __knowledge__ Other tattooed mummies have been recovered from at least 49 archaeological sites including locations in Greenland, Alaska, Siberia, Mongolia, western China, Egypt, Sudan, the Philippines, and the Andes.", "Tattoo removal __knowledge__ Tattoo removal has been performed with various tools since the start of tattooing.", "Tattoo removal __knowledge__ While tattoos were once considered permanent, it is now possible to remove them with treatments, fully or partially.", "Tattoo removal __knowledge__ Before the development of laser tattoo removal methods, common techniques included dermabrasion, TCA (Trichloroacetic acid, an acid that removes the top layers of skin, reaching as deep as the layer in which the tattoo ink resides), salabrasion (scrubbing the skin with salt), cryosurgery and excision which is sometimes still used along with skin grafts for larger tattoos.", "Tattoo removal __knowledge__ Some early forms of tattoo removal included the injection or application of wine, lime, garlic or pigeon excrement.", "Tattoo medical issues __knowledge__ A variety of medical issues can result from tattooing.", "Tattoo medical issues __knowledge__ Because it requires breaking the skin barrier, tattooing may carry health risks, including infection and allergic reactions.", "Tattoo medical issues __knowledge__ Modern tattooists reduce such risks by following universal precautions, working with single-use items, and sterilising their equipment after each use.", "Tattoo medical issues __knowledge__ Many jurisdictions require that tattooists have bloodborne pathogen training, such as is provided through the Red Cross and the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration.", "Tattoo medical issues __knowledge__ Dermatologists have observed rare but severe medical complications from tattoo pigments in the body, and have noted that people acquiring tattoos rarely assess health risks \"prior\" to receiving their tattoos.", "Permanent makeup __knowledge__ Permanent makeup is a cosmetic technique which employs tattoos (permanent pigmentation of the dermis) as a means of producing designs that resemble makeup, such as eyelining and other permanent enhancing colors to the skin of the face, lips, and eyelids.", "Permanent makeup __knowledge__ It is also used to produce artificial eyebrows, particularly in people who have lost them as a consequence of old age, disease, such as alopecia totalis, chemotherapy, or a genetic disturbance, and to disguise scars and white spots in the skin such as in vitiligo.", "Permanent makeup __knowledge__ It is also used to restore or enhance the breast's areola, such as after breast surgery.", "Religious perspectives on tattooing __knowledge__ Some religions have perspectives on tattooing.", "Religious perspectives on tattooing __knowledge__ Some Christians take issue with tattooing, upholding the Hebrew prohibition (see below).", "Religious perspectives on tattooing __knowledge__ The Hebrew prohibition is based on interpreting Leviticus 19:28—\"Ye shall not make any cuttings in your flesh for the dead, nor print any marks upon you\"—so as to prohibit tattoos, and perhaps even makeup.", "Religious perspectives on tattooing __knowledge__ Interpretations of the passage vary, however.", "Religious perspectives on tattooing __knowledge__ Some believe that it refers specifically to, and exclusively prohibits, an ancient form of self-mutilation during mourning (as discussed in the Judaism section).", "Religious perspectives on tattooing __knowledge__ Under this interpretation, tattooing is permitted to Jews and Christians.", "Biological pigment __knowledge__ Biological pigments, also known simply as pigments or biochromes, are substances produced by living organisms that have a color resulting from selective color absorption.", "Biological pigment __knowledge__ Biological pigments include plant pigments and flower pigments.", "Biological pigment __knowledge__ Many biological structures, such as skin, eyes, feathers, fur and hair contain pigments such as melanin in specialized cells called chromatophores.", "Biological pigment __knowledge__ Pigment color differs from structural color in that it is the same for all viewing angles, whereas structural color is the result of selective reflection or iridescence, usually because of multilayer structures.", "Biological pigment __knowledge__ For example, butterfly wings typically contain structural color, although many butterflies have cells that contain pigment as well.", "Process of tattooing __knowledge__ The process of tattooing involves the insertion of pigment into the skin's dermis.", "Process of tattooing __knowledge__ Traditionally, tattooing often involved rubbing pigment into cuts.", "Process of tattooing __knowledge__ Modern tattooing almost always requires the use of a tattoo machine and often procedures and accessories to reduce the risk to human health.", "Process of tattooing __knowledge__ Tattooing involves the placement of pigment into the skin's dermis, the layer of dermal tissue underlying the epidermis.", "Process of tattooing __knowledge__ After initial injection, pigment is dispersed throughout a homogenized damaged layer down through the epidermis and upper dermis, in both of which the presence of foreign material activates the immune system's phagocytes to engulf the pigment particles.", "Ink Master (season 6) __knowledge__ The sixth season of the tattoo reality competition \"Ink Master\" (subtitled as \"Ink Master: Master vs. Apprentice\") premiered on Spike on June 23 and concluded on October 13, 2015 with a total of 16 episodes.", "Ink Master (season 6) __knowledge__ The season was announced on December 1, 2014 and premiered on June 23, 2015.", "Ink Master (season 6) __knowledge__ The premise of this season is to feature mentors and their apprentices as they compete against each other in an elimination-style competition with a $100,000 grand prize.", "Ink Master (season 6) __knowledge__ The judges for season six were Chris Núñez, Oliver Peck, and Dave Navarro who also serves as host of the show.", "Ink Master (season 6) __knowledge__ The guest judges this season include Richard Stell (episode 2), Avan Jogia (episode 4), Mike Rubendall (episode 6), Justin Weatherholtz (episode 9) and Rose Hardy (episode 10) and Carter Foster (episode 11)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tattoo __knowledge__ A tattoo is a form of body modification where a design is made by inserting ink, dyes and pigments, either indelible or temporary, into the dermis layer of the skin to change the pigment.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ Tattoos fall into three broad categories: purely decorative (with no specific meaning); symbolic (with a specific meaning pertinent to the wearer); pictorial (a depiction of a specific person or item).", "Tattoo __knowledge__ Tattoos have historically been regarded in the West as 'uncivilised', and over the last 100 years the fashion has been associated mainly with sailors, working men and criminals.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ By the end of the 20th Century many Western stigmas of the tattoo culture had been dismissed and the practice has become more acceptable and accessible for people of all trades and levels of society.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ The word \"tattoo\", or \"tattow\" in the 18th century, is a loanword from the Polynesian word \"tatau\", meaning \"to write\".", "Tattoo __knowledge__ The \"Oxford English Dictionary\" gives the etymology of tattoo as \"In 18th c. tattaow, tattow.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ From Polynesian (Samoan, Tahitian, Tongan, etc.)", "Tattoo __knowledge__ tatau.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ In Marquesan, tatu.\"", "Tattoo __knowledge__ Before the importation of the Polynesian word, the practice of tattooing had been described in the West as painting, scarring, or staining.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ This is not to be confused with the origins of the word for the military drumbeat or performance — see \"military tattoo\".", "W. H. R. Rivers __knowledge__ William Halse Rivers Rivers, , , ( – ) was an English anthropologist, neurologist, ethnologist and psychiatrist, best known for his work treating First World War officers who were suffering from shell shock.", "W. H. R. Rivers __knowledge__ Rivers's most famous patient was the poet Siegfried Sassoon, with whom he remained close friends until his own sudden death.", "W. H. R. Rivers __knowledge__ Rivers was a fellow of St John's College, Cambridge, and is also notable for his participation in the Torres Straits expedition of 1898 and his consequent seminal work on the subject of kinship.", "W. H. R. Rivers __knowledge__ Rivers was born in 1864 at Constitution Hill, Chatham, Kent, son of Elizabeth Hunt (16 October 1834 – 13 November 1897) and Henry Frederick Rivers (7 January 1830 – 9 December 1911).", "Pain empathy __knowledge__ Pain empathy is a specific subgroup of empathy that involves recognizing and understanding another person’s pain.", "Pain empathy __knowledge__ Empathy is the mental ability that allows one person to understand another person’s mental and emotional state and how to effectively respond to that person.", "Pain empathy __knowledge__ When a person receives cues that another person is in pain, neural pain circuits within the brain are activated.", "Pain empathy __knowledge__ There are several cues that can communicate pain to another person: visualization of the injury causing event, the injury itself, behavioral efforts of the injured to avoid further harm, and displays of pain and distress such as facial expressions, crying, and screaming.", "William Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam __knowledge__ William Wentworth-Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam PC (30 May 1748 – 8 February 1833), styled Viscount Milton until 1756, was a British Whig statesman of the late 18th and early 19th centuries.", "William Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam __knowledge__ In 1782 he inherited the estates of his uncle Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham, making him one of the richest people in Britain.", "William Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam __knowledge__ He played a leading part in Whig politics until the 1820s.", "William Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam __knowledge__ Fitzwilliam was the son of William Fitzwilliam, 3rd Earl Fitzwilliam, by his wife Lady Anne, daughter of Thomas Watson-Wentworth, 1st Marquess of Rockingham.", "William Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam __knowledge__ Prime Minister Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham was his maternal uncle.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the various characters throughout the Japanese tokusatsu series \"Garo\", not including the Horrors, a breed of demonic beings that make for most of the series antagonists.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ The various holders of the title are the main characters of the franchise, armed with the blade.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ The Garo title, based on the word for \"hope\" in the old Makai language, is traditionally associated with the Saezima family.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ For reasons yet to be explained, the man who takes the title of Garo is often regarded to be the strongest Knight, widely known throughout the Makai community.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ This is however, not a formal ranking in itself and no preferential treatment is given to the said Knight, as evident with Kouga in \"\" who was in service for years before being promoted to be a Knight serving under the Senate.", "Epigraphy __knowledge__ Epigraphy is the study of inscriptions or epigraphs as writing; it is the science of identifying graphemes, clarifying their meanings, classifying their uses according to dates and cultural contexts, and drawing conclusions about the writing and the writers.", "Epigraphy __knowledge__ Specifically excluded from epigraphy are the historical significance of an epigraph as a document and the artistic value of a literary composition.", "Epigraphy __knowledge__ A person using the methods of epigraphy is called an \"epigrapher\" or \"epigraphist\".", "Epigraphy __knowledge__ For example, the Behistun inscription is an official document of the Achaemenid Empire engraved on native rock at a location in Iran.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Who's Been Sleeping with Kat? __knowledge__ In July 2012, a storyline began in the British soap opera \"EastEnders\" in which the character Kat Moon, played by Jessie Wallace, embarks on an affair behind her husband Alfie Moon's (Shane Richie) back, with an unknown person.", "Who's Been Sleeping with Kat? __knowledge__ The suspects named were Ray Dixon (Chucky Venn), Michael Moon (Steve John Shepherd), Max Branning (Jake Wood), Derek Branning (Jamie Foreman) and Jack Branning (Scott Maslen).", "Who's Been Sleeping with Kat? __knowledge__ Ray was the first suspect to be eliminated, on 7 August, followed by Michael on 14 September.", "Who's Been Sleeping with Kat? __knowledge__ The mystery man was revealed as Derek in the 20 December episode.", "Who's Been Sleeping with Kat? __knowledge__ Richie dubbed the storyline \"Who's Been Sleeping with Kat?", "Human skin __knowledge__ The human skin is the outer covering of the body.", "Human skin __knowledge__ In humans, it is the largest organ of the integumentary system.", "Human skin __knowledge__ The skin has up to seven layers of ectodermal tissue and guards the underlying muscles, bones, ligaments and internal organs.", "Human skin __knowledge__ Human skin is similar to that of most other mammals, and human skin is very similar to pig skin.", "Human skin __knowledge__ Though nearly all human skin is covered with hair follicles, it can appear hairless.", "Human skin __knowledge__ There are two general types of skin, hairy and glabrous skin (hairless).", "Human skin __knowledge__ The adjective cutaneous literally means \"of the skin\" (from Latin \"cutis\", skin).", "Human skin __knowledge__ Because it interfaces with the environment, skin plays an important immunity role in protecting the body against pathogens and excessive water loss.", "Process of tattooing __knowledge__ The process of tattooing involves the insertion of pigment into the skin's dermis.", "Process of tattooing __knowledge__ Traditionally, tattooing often involved rubbing pigment into cuts.", "Process of tattooing __knowledge__ Modern tattooing almost always requires the use of a tattoo machine and often procedures and accessories to reduce the risk to human health.", "Process of tattooing __knowledge__ Tattooing involves the placement of pigment into the skin's dermis, the layer of dermal tissue underlying the epidermis.", "Process of tattooing __knowledge__ After initial injection, pigment is dispersed throughout a homogenized damaged layer down through the epidermis and upper dermis, in both of which the presence of foreign material activates the immune system's phagocytes to engulf the pigment particles.", "Tattoo removal __knowledge__ Tattoo removal has been performed with various tools since the start of tattooing.", "Tattoo removal __knowledge__ While tattoos were once considered permanent, it is now possible to remove them with treatments, fully or partially.", "Tattoo removal __knowledge__ Before the development of laser tattoo removal methods, common techniques included dermabrasion, TCA (Trichloroacetic acid, an acid that removes the top layers of skin, reaching as deep as the layer in which the tattoo ink resides), salabrasion (scrubbing the skin with salt), cryosurgery and excision which is sometimes still used along with skin grafts for larger tattoos.", "Tattoo removal __knowledge__ Some early forms of tattoo removal included the injection or application of wine, lime, garlic or pigeon excrement.", "History of tattooing __knowledge__ Tattooing has been practiced across the globe since at least Neolithic times, as evidenced by mummified preserved skin, ancient art, and the archaeological record.", "History of tattooing __knowledge__ Both ancient art and archaeological finds of possible tattoo tools suggest tattooing was practiced by the Upper Paleolithic period in Europe.", "History of tattooing __knowledge__ However, direct evidence for tattooing on mummified human skin extends only to the 4th millennium BC.", "History of tattooing __knowledge__ The oldest discovery of tattooed human skin to date is found on the body of Ötzi the Iceman, dating to between 3370 and 3100 BC.", "History of tattooing __knowledge__ Other tattooed mummies have been recovered from at least 49 archaeological sites including locations in Greenland, Alaska, Siberia, Mongolia, western China, Egypt, Sudan, the Philippines, and the Andes.", "Tattoo ink __knowledge__ Tattoo inks consist of pigments combined with a carrier, and are used in tattooing.", "Tattoo ink __knowledge__ Tattoo inks are available in a range of colors that can be thinned or mixed together to produce other colors and shades.", "Tattoo ink __knowledge__ Most professional tattoo artists purchase inks pre-made (known as pre-dispersed inks), while some tattooers mix their own using a dry pigment and a carrier.", "Tattoo ink __knowledge__ Tattoo ink is generally permanent.", "Tattoo ink __knowledge__ Tattoo removal is difficult, painful, and the degree of success depends on the materials used.", "Tattoo ink __knowledge__ Recently developed inks claim to be comparatively easy to remove.", "Tattoo ink __knowledge__ Unsubstantiated claims have been made that some inks fade over time, yielding a \"semi-permanent tattoo.\"", "Human skin color __knowledge__ Human skin color ranges in variety from the darkest brown to the lightest hues.", "Human skin color __knowledge__ An individual's skin pigmentation is the result of genetics, being the product of both of the individual's biological parents' genetic makeup.", "Human skin color __knowledge__ In evolution, skin pigmentation in human beings evolved by a process of natural selection primarily to regulate the amount of ultraviolet radiation penetrating the skin, controlling its biochemical effects.", "Human skin color __knowledge__ The actual skin color of different humans is affected by many substances, although the single most important substance is the pigment melanin.", "Human skin color __knowledge__ Melanin is produced within the skin in cells called melanocytes and it is the main determinant of the skin color of darker-skinned humans." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tattoo __knowledge__ A tattoo is a form of body modification where a design is made by inserting ink, dyes and pigments, either indelible or temporary, into the dermis layer of the skin to change the pigment.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ Tattoos fall into three broad categories: purely decorative (with no specific meaning); symbolic (with a specific meaning pertinent to the wearer); pictorial (a depiction of a specific person or item).", "Tattoo __knowledge__ Tattoos have historically been regarded in the West as 'uncivilised', and over the last 100 years the fashion has been associated mainly with sailors, working men and criminals.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ By the end of the 20th Century many Western stigmas of the tattoo culture had been dismissed and the practice has become more acceptable and accessible for people of all trades and levels of society.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ The word \"tattoo\", or \"tattow\" in the 18th century, is a loanword from the Polynesian word \"tatau\", meaning \"to write\".", "Tattoo __knowledge__ The \"Oxford English Dictionary\" gives the etymology of tattoo as \"In 18th c. tattaow, tattow.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ From Polynesian (Samoan, Tahitian, Tongan, etc.)", "Tattoo __knowledge__ tatau.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ In Marquesan, tatu.\"", "Tattoo __knowledge__ Before the importation of the Polynesian word, the practice of tattooing had been described in the West as painting, scarring, or staining.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ This is not to be confused with the origins of the word for the military drumbeat or performance — see \"military tattoo\".", "Ink Master (season 6) __knowledge__ The sixth season of the tattoo reality competition \"Ink Master\" (subtitled as \"Ink Master: Master vs. Apprentice\") premiered on Spike on June 23 and concluded on October 13, 2015 with a total of 16 episodes.", "Ink Master (season 6) __knowledge__ The season was announced on December 1, 2014 and premiered on June 23, 2015.", "Ink Master (season 6) __knowledge__ The premise of this season is to feature mentors and their apprentices as they compete against each other in an elimination-style competition with a $100,000 grand prize.", "Ink Master (season 6) __knowledge__ The judges for season six were Chris Núñez, Oliver Peck, and Dave Navarro who also serves as host of the show.", "Ink Master (season 6) __knowledge__ The guest judges this season include Richard Stell (episode 2), Avan Jogia (episode 4), Mike Rubendall (episode 6), Justin Weatherholtz (episode 9) and Rose Hardy (episode 10) and Carter Foster (episode 11).", "Tattoo removal __knowledge__ Tattoo removal has been performed with various tools since the start of tattooing.", "Tattoo removal __knowledge__ While tattoos were once considered permanent, it is now possible to remove them with treatments, fully or partially.", "Tattoo removal __knowledge__ Before the development of laser tattoo removal methods, common techniques included dermabrasion, TCA (Trichloroacetic acid, an acid that removes the top layers of skin, reaching as deep as the layer in which the tattoo ink resides), salabrasion (scrubbing the skin with salt), cryosurgery and excision which is sometimes still used along with skin grafts for larger tattoos.", "Tattoo removal __knowledge__ Some early forms of tattoo removal included the injection or application of wine, lime, garlic or pigeon excrement.", "History of tattooing __knowledge__ Tattooing has been practiced across the globe since at least Neolithic times, as evidenced by mummified preserved skin, ancient art, and the archaeological record.", "History of tattooing __knowledge__ Both ancient art and archaeological finds of possible tattoo tools suggest tattooing was practiced by the Upper Paleolithic period in Europe.", "History of tattooing __knowledge__ However, direct evidence for tattooing on mummified human skin extends only to the 4th millennium BC.", "History of tattooing __knowledge__ The oldest discovery of tattooed human skin to date is found on the body of Ötzi the Iceman, dating to between 3370 and 3100 BC.", "History of tattooing __knowledge__ Other tattooed mummies have been recovered from at least 49 archaeological sites including locations in Greenland, Alaska, Siberia, Mongolia, western China, Egypt, Sudan, the Philippines, and the Andes.", "Buy one, get one free __knowledge__ \"Buy one, get one free\", \"Buy one, get one\", \"two for the price of one\", \"two for one\" or \"2 for 1\" is a common form of sales promotion.", "Buy one, get one free __knowledge__ While not often presented to customers in acronym form, this marketing technique is universally known in the marketing industry by the acronyms BOGO, BOGOF, and BOGOHO (Buy one get one half off).", "Buy one, get one free __knowledge__ Economist Alex Tabarrok has argued that the success of this promotion lies in the fact that the price actually takes into account the fact that two items are being sold.", "Buy one, get one free __knowledge__ The price of \"one\" is somewhat nominal and is typically raised when used as part of a buy one get one free deal.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha Lee is a fictional character in the BBC soap opera \"Doctors\", played by Laura Rollins.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha was introduced as a Practice Nurse at The Mill by Peter Eryl Lloyd.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ She made her first appearance on Tuesday 30 September 2014.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Since her arrival in the show Ayesha has faced storylines including an on off relationship with Sid Vere, having a troubled relationship with Tyler Green, dealing with her mother Bren's alcohol and later drug addiction, being attacked by Ike and supporting Valerie Pittman through her Cancer scare.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha first arrives at \"The Mill\" as a replacement for Mandy Marquez, she is almost immediately attracted to new doctor Sid Vere.", "Michael Scofield __knowledge__ Michael J. Scofield, portrayed by Wentworth Miller, is a fictional character and one of the two protagonists of the American television series \"Prison Break\".", "Michael Scofield __knowledge__ The character first appeared in the series pilot, in which he deliberately sends himself to prison so as to break his elder brother, Lincoln Burrows (Dominic Purcell), out before his execution for a crime he did not commit.", "Michael Scofield __knowledge__ The storyline of the first season revolves around the two brothers and Michael's plan to help Lincoln escape his death sentence.", "Michael Scofield __knowledge__ Later seasons detail their life on the run and their quest for the truth behind Lincoln's imprisonment.", "Potassium nitrate (data page) __knowledge__ Potassium nitrate is an oxidizer so storing it near fire hazards or reducing agents should be avoided to minimise risk in case of a fire.", "Potassium nitrate (data page) __knowledge__ Synonyms: Saltpetre; Niter/Nitre; Nitric acid potassium salt; Salt Peter CAS No.", "Potassium nitrate (data page) __knowledge__ : 7757-79-1 Molecular Weight: 101.1 Chemical Formula: KNO Emergency Overview Danger - oxidizer.", "Potassium nitrate (data page) __knowledge__ Contact with some materials may cause fire.", "Potassium nitrate (data page) __knowledge__ Harmful if swallowed, inhaled or absorbed through the skin.", "Potassium nitrate (data page) __knowledge__ Causes irritation to skin, eyes and respiratory tract.", "Potassium nitrate (data page) __knowledge__ SAF-T-DATA Ratings Health Rating: 1 - Minimal Flammability Rating: 0 - None Reactivity Rating: 2 - Moderate (Oxidizer) Contact Rating: 1 - Minimal (Life) Lab Protective Equip: Safety goggles and surgical face mask (If you are planning to encounter this material close up for a period of time).", "O-Toluidine __knowledge__ o\"-Toluidine (ortho\"-toluidine) is an organic compound with the chemical formula CHN.", "O-Toluidine __knowledge__ This arylamine is a colorless to pale-yellow liquid with a poor solubility in water.", "O-Toluidine __knowledge__ Through biological monitoring it was discovered that \"o\"-toluidine may be absorbed through inhalation and dermal contact.", "O-Toluidine __knowledge__ Extensive absorption (at least 92% of the administered oral dose) of \"o\"-toluidine from the gastrointestinal tract was observed.", "O-Toluidine __knowledge__ Studies show that the absorption of \"o\"-toluidine from the gastrointestinal tract in rats is rapid with peak values at 1 hour; the blood values were near zero in 24 hours.", "O-Toluidine __knowledge__ It is expected of aromatic amines, like \"o\"-toluidine, to be absorbable through the skin due to their lipid solubility.", "Irritation __knowledge__ Irritation, in biology and physiology, is a state of inflammation or painful reaction to allergy or cell-lining damage.", "Irritation __knowledge__ A stimulus or agent which induces the state of irritation is an irritant.", "Irritation __knowledge__ Irritants are typically thought of as chemical agents (for example phenol and capsaicin) but mechanical, thermal (heat), and radiative stimuli (for example ultraviolet light or ionising radiations) can also be irritants.", "Irritation __knowledge__ Irritation also has non-clinical usages referring to bothersome physical or psychological pain or discomfort.", "Irritation __knowledge__ Irritation can also be induced by some allergic response due to exposure of some allergens for example contact dermatitis, irritation of mucousal membranes and pruritus.", "Acne __knowledge__ Acne, also known as acne vulgaris, is a long-term skin disease that occurs when hair follicles are clogged with dead skin cells and oil from the skin.", "Acne __knowledge__ It is characterized by blackheads or whiteheads, pimples, oily skin, and possible scarring.", "Acne __knowledge__ It primarily affects areas of the skin with a relatively high number of oil glands, including the face, upper part of the chest, and back.", "Acne __knowledge__ The resulting appearance can lead to anxiety, reduced self-esteem and, in extreme cases, depression or thoughts of suicide.", "Acne __knowledge__ Genetics is thought to be the primary cause of acne in 80% of cases.", "Acne __knowledge__ The role of diet and cigarette smoking is unclear, and neither cleanliness nor exposure to sunlight appear to play a part." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 0, 1 ]

[ "Body modifications designed on bodies are tattoos ", "I don't have a tattoo because most tattoos are either termporary or permanent but are introduced on the skin as pigments", "The tattoo artist use inks and dyes. They are inserted into the dermis layer of the human skin", "No. the process of inserting the tattoo into the skin is not painful but it causes irritation to the area that has the tattos ", "Really. I guess that tattoo will look cool on you. But I don't like tattoos " ]

[ "Tattoo", "Tattoo", "Tattoo", "Tattoo", "Tattoo" ]

[ "Smartphone\nSmartphones are really amazing when you think about it. Hand sized computers basically.", "Yeah, and they really do make them better and better each year. Do you know who made the first smartphone?", "Yeah! I don't know either, Apple makes too many but they certainly have innovated and lead the market. I think they had the first touchscreen.", "Yeah, I remember those computers, they were small and colorful. They have always focused on aesthetics. They did that with mp3 players too.", "I think it was the same for me. I remember playing educational games at school on one though. It's crazy how fast tech has come, now they are in our hands." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Smartphone __knowledge__ A smartphone is a handheld personal computer with a mobile operating system and an integrated mobile broadband cellular network connection for voice, SMS, and Internet data communication; most if not all smartphones also support Wi-Fi.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Smartphones are typically pocket-sized, as opposed to tablets, which are much larger.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ They are able to run a variety of software components, known as “apps”.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Most basic apps (e.g.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ event calendar, camera, web browser) come pre-installed with the system, while others are available for download from places like the Google Play Store or Apple App Store.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Apps can receive bug fixes and gain additional functionality through software updates; similarly, operating systems are able to update.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Modern smartphones have a touchscreen color display with a graphical user interface that covers the front surface and enables the user to use a virtual keyboard to type and press onscreen icons to activate \"app\" features.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Mobile payment is now a common theme amongst most smartphones.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Today, smartphones largely fulfill most people's needs for a telephone, digital camera and video camera, GPS navigation, a media player, clock, news, calculator, web browser, handheld video game player, flashlight, compass, an address book, note-taking, digital messaging, an event calendar, etc.", "Lenovo __knowledge__ Lenovo Group Ltd. or Lenovo PC International, often shortened to Lenovo ( ; formerly stylized as lenovo), is a Chinese multinational technology company with headquarters in Beijing, China and Morrisville, North Carolina.", "Lenovo __knowledge__ It designs, develops, manufactures and sells personal computers, tablet computers, smartphones, workstations, servers, electronic storage devices, IT management software, and smart televisions.", "Lenovo __knowledge__ Lenovo is the world's largest personal computer vendor by unit sales since 2013.", "Lenovo __knowledge__ It markets the ThinkPad line of notebook computers, IdeaPad, Yoga and Legion and lines of notebook laptops, and the IdeaCentre and ThinkCentre lines of desktops.", "Tablet computer __knowledge__ A tablet computer, commonly shortened to tablet, is a portable PC, typically with a mobile operating system and LCD touchscreen display processing circuitry, and a rechargeable battery in a single thin, flat package.", "Tablet computer __knowledge__ Tablets, being computers, do what other personal computers do, but lack some I/O capabilities that others have.", "Tablet computer __knowledge__ Modern tablets largely resemble modern smartphones, the only differences being that tablets are relatively larger than smartphones, with screens or larger, measured diagonally, and may not support access to a cellular network.", "Tablet computer __knowledge__ The touchscreen display uses gestures by finger or stylus instead of the mouse, trackpad and keyboard of larger computers.", "Personal computer __knowledge__ A personal computer (PC) is a multi-purpose computer whose size, capabilities, and price make it feasible for individual use.", "Personal computer __knowledge__ PCs are intended to be operated directly by an end user, rather than by a computer expert or technician.", "Personal computer __knowledge__ Computer time-sharing models that were typically used with larger, more expensive minicomputer and mainframe systems, to enable them be used by many people at the same time, are not used with PCs.", "Personal computer __knowledge__ Early computer owners in the 1960s, invariably institutional or corporate, had to write their own programs to do any useful work with the machines.", "Personal computer __knowledge__ In the 2010s, personal computer users have access to a wide range of commercial software, free software (\"freeware\") and free and open-source software, which are provided in ready-to-run form.", "Mobile operating system __knowledge__ A mobile operating system (or mobile OS) is an operating system for phones, tablets, smartwatches, or other mobile devices.", "Mobile operating system __knowledge__ While computers such as typical laptops are 'mobile', the operating systems usually used on them are not considered mobile ones, as they were originally designed for desktop computers that historically did not have or need specific \"mobile\" features.", "Mobile operating system __knowledge__ This distinction is becoming blurred in some newer operating systems that are hybrids made for both uses.", "Mobile operating system __knowledge__ Mobile operating systems combine features of a personal computer operating system with other features useful for mobile or handheld use; usually including, and most of the following considered essential in modern mobile systems; a touchscreen, cellular, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi Protected Access, Wi-Fi, Global Positioning System (GPS) mobile navigation, video- and single-frame picture cameras, speech recognition, voice recorder, music player, near field communication, and infrared blaster.", "Science and technology in the United States __knowledge__ The United States of America came into being around the Age of Enlightenment (circa 1680 to 1800), an era in Western philosophy in which writers and thinkers, rejecting the perceived superstitions of the past, instead chose to emphasize the intellectual, scientific and cultural life, centered upon the 18th century, in which reason was advocated as the primary source for legitimacy and authority.", "Science and technology in the United States __knowledge__ Enlightenment philosophers envisioned a \"republic of science,\" where ideas would be exchanged freely and useful knowledge would improve the lot of all citizens.", "Science and technology in the United States __knowledge__ The United States Constitution itself reflects the desire to encourage scientific creativity.", "Usage share of operating systems __knowledge__ The usage share of operating systems is an estimate of the percentage of computing devices that run each operating system at any particular time.", "Usage share of operating systems __knowledge__ This also approximates to the market share of those operating systems.", "Usage share of operating systems __knowledge__ Differences arise between shipments of devices by operating system and their usage share due to users changing or upgrading operating systems on devices, and the differing usage patterns and working lifetimes of various devices.", "Usage share of operating systems __knowledge__ There are three big personal computing platforms.", "Usage share of operating systems __knowledge__ Google claims over 2 billion users with Android while Microsoft has claimed over 1.4 billion users for Windows." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Smartphone __knowledge__ A smartphone is a handheld personal computer with a mobile operating system and an integrated mobile broadband cellular network connection for voice, SMS, and Internet data communication; most if not all smartphones also support Wi-Fi.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Smartphones are typically pocket-sized, as opposed to tablets, which are much larger.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ They are able to run a variety of software components, known as “apps”.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Most basic apps (e.g.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ event calendar, camera, web browser) come pre-installed with the system, while others are available for download from places like the Google Play Store or Apple App Store.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Apps can receive bug fixes and gain additional functionality through software updates; similarly, operating systems are able to update.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Modern smartphones have a touchscreen color display with a graphical user interface that covers the front surface and enables the user to use a virtual keyboard to type and press onscreen icons to activate \"app\" features.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Mobile payment is now a common theme amongst most smartphones.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Today, smartphones largely fulfill most people's needs for a telephone, digital camera and video camera, GPS navigation, a media player, clock, news, calculator, web browser, handheld video game player, flashlight, compass, an address book, note-taking, digital messaging, an event calendar, etc.", "Lenovo smartphones __knowledge__ Lenovo smartphones are marketed as the \"LePhone\" in Mainland China and the \"IdeaPhone\" overseas.", "Lenovo smartphones __knowledge__ Motorola Mobility, ZUK Mobile and Medion, divisions of Lenovo, sell smartphones under their own brands.", "Lenovo smartphones __knowledge__ As of September 2015, Lenovo is in the process of rebranding most of its phones using the Motorola brandname.", "Lenovo smartphones __knowledge__ Lenovo has implemented an aggressive strategy to replace Samsung as mainland China's top smartphone manufacturer.", "Lenovo smartphones __knowledge__ It spent $793.5 million in Wuhan to build a plant that can produce 30 to 40 million phones per year.", "Lenovo smartphones __knowledge__ Data from Analysys International shows that Lenovo's China smartphone sales experienced considerable growth in 2012.", "Xiaomi __knowledge__ Xiaomi Inc. (stylized as Mi) ( , , literally \"millet technology\"; or ) is a Chinese electronics and software company headquartered in Beijing.", "Xiaomi __knowledge__ Xiaomi designs, develops, and sells smartphones, mobile apps, laptops and related consumer electronics.", "Xiaomi __knowledge__ Xiaomi released its first smartphone in August 2011 and has rapidly gained market share in China to become China's largest smartphone company in 2014.", "Xiaomi __knowledge__ As of 2017 Xiaomi is the world's 5th largest smartphone company.", "Xiaomi __knowledge__ Xiaomi has expanded into developing a wider range of consumer electronics, including a smart home (IoT) device ecosystem.", "Xiaomi __knowledge__ Xiaomi has 15,000 employees in China, India, Malaysia, Singapore and is expanding to other countries such as Indonesia, the Philippines and South Africa.", "Meizu __knowledge__ Meizu Technology Co., Ltd. () is a Chinese consumer electronics company based in Zhuhai, Guangdong.", "Meizu __knowledge__ Founded in 2003 by high-school dropout Jack Wong, Meizu began as a manufacturer of MP3 players and later MP4 players.", "Meizu __knowledge__ In 2008, Meizu moved its focus to smartphones.", "Meizu __knowledge__ Meizu is the 11th largest smartphone manufacturer in the world, and sold over 20 million units in 2015.", "Meizu __knowledge__ In February, 2015, Alibaba invested $590 million in Meizu, acquiring an undisclosed minority stake.", "Meizu __knowledge__ Jack Wong (Huáng Zhāng, 黄章) established Meizu in 2003.", "Meizu __knowledge__ Initially a manufacturer of MP3 players, Meizu released their first MP4 player in 2006.", "Motorola Mobility __knowledge__ Motorola Mobility is an American consumer electronics and telecommunications company founded in 2011 as the result of a split of Motorola.", "Motorola Mobility __knowledge__ Motorola Mobility, formerly owned by Google, but now owned by the Chinese company Lenovo, is based in Chicago, Illinois.", "Motorola Mobility __knowledge__ From the January 2011 split, Motorola Mobility took on the company's consumer-oriented product lines, including its mobile phone business and its cable modems and set-top boxes for digital cable and satellite television services, while Motorola Solutions retained the company's enterprise-oriented product lines.", "Motorola Mobility __knowledge__ The company primarily manufactures smartphones and other mobile devices running the Android operating system developed by Google.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Fire Phone __knowledge__ The Fire Phone is a 3D-enabled smartphone developed by Amazon.com and manufactured by Foxconn.", "Fire Phone __knowledge__ It was announced on June 18, 2014, and marked Amazon's first foray into the smartphone market, following the success of the Kindle Fire.", "Fire Phone __knowledge__ It was available for pre-order on the day it was announced.", "Fire Phone __knowledge__ In the United States, it launched as an AT&T exclusive on July 25.", "Fire Phone __knowledge__ The phone was notable for its hallmark feature \"Dynamic Perspective\": using four front-facing cameras and the gyroscope to track the user's movements, the OS adjusts the UI so it gives the impression of depth and 3D.", "Fire Phone __knowledge__ Other notable Amazon services on the phone included X-Ray, used for identifying and finding information about media; Mayday, the 24-hour customer service tool; and Firefly, a tool which automatically recognized text, sounds, and objects, then offering a way to buy recognized items through Amazon's online store.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "IPhone __knowledge__ iPhone ( ) is a line of smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone __knowledge__ They run Apple's iOS mobile operating system.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The first-generation iPhone was released on June 29, 2007, and there have been multiple new hardware iterations with new iOS releases since.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The user interface is built around the device's multi-touch screen, including a virtual keyboard.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The iPhone has Wi-Fi and can connect to cellular networks.", "IPhone __knowledge__ An iPhone can shoot video (though this was not a standard feature until the iPhone 3GS), take photos, play music, send and receive email, browse the web, send and receive text messages, follow GPS navigation, record notes, perform mathematical calculations, and receive visual voicemail.", "Organum __knowledge__ Organum () is, in general, a plainchant melody with at least one added voice to enhance the harmony, developed in the Middle Ages.", "Organum __knowledge__ Depending on the mode and form of the chant, a supporting bass line (or \"bourdon\") may be sung on the same text, the melody may be followed in parallel motion (parallel organum), or a combination of both of these techniques may be employed.", "Organum __knowledge__ As no real independent second voice exists, this is a form of heterophony.", "Organum __knowledge__ In its earliest stages, organum involved two musical voices: a Gregorian chant melody, and the same melody transposed by a consonant interval, usually a perfect fifth or fourth.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Global surveillance disclosures (2013–present) __knowledge__ Ongoing news reports in the international media have revealed operational details about the United States National Security Agency (NSA) and its international partners' global surveillance of foreign nationals and U.S. citizens.", "Global surveillance disclosures (2013–present) __knowledge__ The reports mostly emanate from a cache of top secret documents leaked by ex-NSA contractor Edward Snowden, which he obtained whilst working for Booz Allen Hamilton, one of the largest contractors for defense and intelligence in the United States.", "Global surveillance disclosures (2013–present) __knowledge__ In addition to a trove of U.S. federal documents, Snowden's cache reportedly contains thousands of Australian, British and Canadian intelligence files that he had accessed via the exclusive \"Five Eyes\" network.", "Origination (telephony) __knowledge__ Origination in VOIP telephony refers to calls that originate in the PSTN public switched telephone network and are carried to their destination over the Internet.", "Origination (telephony) __knowledge__ A VoIP call is initiated between two points, the initiation point is known as originator and the destination point is known as terminator.", "Origination (telephony) __knowledge__ An Internet Telephony Service Provider (ITSP) involved in the origination of telephone calls usually offers either or both of “PC to Phone calls” and “Phone to Phone calls”.", "Origination (telephony) __knowledge__ The two major business models for VoIP Originator are “Prepaid” and “Postpaid”.", "Origination (telephony) __knowledge__ Hardware requirements for VoIP origination are simple.", "TracFone Wireless __knowledge__ TracFONE Wireless, Inc. is a prepaid mobile virtual network operator in the United States, Puerto Rico, and the US Virgin Islands.", "TracFone Wireless __knowledge__ TracFONE Wireless is a subsidiary of Mexico's largest telecommunications company América Móvil, and offers products and services under multiple brands which include TracFone, NET10 Wireless, Total Wireless, Straight Talk, SafeLink Wireless, Telcel América, SIMPLE Mobile, Page Plus Cellular, GoSmart Mobile, and Walmart Family Mobile.", "TracFone Wireless __knowledge__ TracFONE Wireless operates as a mobile virtual network operator (MVNO), holding agreements with the United States' largest wireless network operators to provide service using their networks, including Verizon Wireless, AT&T Mobility, T-Mobile US, Sprint Corporation, and U.S. Cellular." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Smartphone __knowledge__ A smartphone is a handheld personal computer with a mobile operating system and an integrated mobile broadband cellular network connection for voice, SMS, and Internet data communication; most if not all smartphones also support Wi-Fi.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Smartphones are typically pocket-sized, as opposed to tablets, which are much larger.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ They are able to run a variety of software components, known as “apps”.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Most basic apps (e.g.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ event calendar, camera, web browser) come pre-installed with the system, while others are available for download from places like the Google Play Store or Apple App Store.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Apps can receive bug fixes and gain additional functionality through software updates; similarly, operating systems are able to update.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Modern smartphones have a touchscreen color display with a graphical user interface that covers the front surface and enables the user to use a virtual keyboard to type and press onscreen icons to activate \"app\" features.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Mobile payment is now a common theme amongst most smartphones.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Today, smartphones largely fulfill most people's needs for a telephone, digital camera and video camera, GPS navigation, a media player, clock, news, calculator, web browser, handheld video game player, flashlight, compass, an address book, note-taking, digital messaging, an event calendar, etc.", "Touchscreen __knowledge__ A touchscreen is an input and output device normally layered on the top of an electronic visual display of an information processing system.", "Touchscreen __knowledge__ A user can give input or control the information processing system through simple or multi-touch gestures by touching the screen with a special stylus or one or more fingers.", "Touchscreen __knowledge__ Some touchscreens use ordinary or specially coated gloves to work while others may only work using a special stylus or pen.", "Touchscreen __knowledge__ The user can use the touchscreen to react to what is displayed and, if the software allows, to control how it is displayed; for example, zooming to increase the text size.", "IPhone __knowledge__ iPhone ( ) is a line of smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone __knowledge__ They run Apple's iOS mobile operating system.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The first-generation iPhone was released on June 29, 2007, and there have been multiple new hardware iterations with new iOS releases since.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The user interface is built around the device's multi-touch screen, including a virtual keyboard.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The iPhone has Wi-Fi and can connect to cellular networks.", "IPhone __knowledge__ An iPhone can shoot video (though this was not a standard feature until the iPhone 3GS), take photos, play music, send and receive email, browse the web, send and receive text messages, follow GPS navigation, record notes, perform mathematical calculations, and receive visual voicemail.", "Tablet computer __knowledge__ A tablet computer, commonly shortened to tablet, is a portable PC, typically with a mobile operating system and LCD touchscreen display processing circuitry, and a rechargeable battery in a single thin, flat package.", "Tablet computer __knowledge__ Tablets, being computers, do what other personal computers do, but lack some I/O capabilities that others have.", "Tablet computer __knowledge__ Modern tablets largely resemble modern smartphones, the only differences being that tablets are relatively larger than smartphones, with screens or larger, measured diagonally, and may not support access to a cellular network.", "Tablet computer __knowledge__ The touchscreen display uses gestures by finger or stylus instead of the mouse, trackpad and keyboard of larger computers.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Steven Paul Jobs (; February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American entrepreneur, business magnate, inventor, and industrial designer.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was the chairman, chief executive officer (CEO), and co-founder of Apple Inc.; CEO and majority shareholder of Pixar; a member of The Walt Disney Company's board of directors following its acquisition of Pixar; and the founder, chairman, and CEO of NeXT.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Jobs and Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak are widely recognized as pioneers of the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was born in San Francisco to parents who had to put him up for adoption at birth; he was raised in the San Francisco Bay Area during the 1960s.", "IPod __knowledge__ The iPod is a line of portable media players and multi-purpose pocket computers designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPod __knowledge__ The first version was released on October 23, 2001, about months after the Macintosh version of iTunes was released.", "IPod __knowledge__ As of July 27, 2017, only the iPod Touch remains in production.", "IPod __knowledge__ Like other digital music players, iPods can serve as external data storage devices.", "IPod __knowledge__ Apple's iTunes software (and other alternative software) can be used to transfer music, photos, videos, games, contact information, e-mail settings, Web bookmarks, and calendars, to the devices supporting these features from computers using certain versions of Apple Macintosh and Microsoft Windows operating systems.", "Causal decision theory __knowledge__ Causal decision theory is a mathematical theory intended to determine the set of rational choices in a given situation.", "Causal decision theory __knowledge__ In informal terms, it maintains that the rational choice is that with the best expected causal consequences.", "Causal decision theory __knowledge__ This theory is often contrasted with evidential decision theory, which recommends those actions that provide the best expected outcome conditional on one’s best evidence about the world.", "Causal decision theory __knowledge__ Very informally, causal decision theory advises decision makers to make the decision with the best expected causal consequences.", "Causal decision theory __knowledge__ The basic idea is simple enough: if eating an apple will cause you to be happy and eating an orange will cause you to be sad then you would be rational to eat the apple.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Apple Inc. is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Cupertino, California that designs, develops, and sells consumer electronics, computer software, and online services.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ The company's hardware products include the iPhone smartphone, the iPad tablet computer, the Mac personal computer, the iPod portable media player, the Apple Watch smartwatch, the Apple TV digital media player, and the HomePod smart speaker.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Apple's software includes the macOS and iOS operating systems, the iTunes media player, the Safari web browser, and the iLife and iWork creativity and productivity suites, as well as professional applications like Final Cut Pro, Logic Pro, or Xcode.", "IPhone 6 __knowledge__ The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus are smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone 6 __knowledge__ The devices are part of the iPhone series and were announced on September 9, 2014, and released on September 19, 2014.", "IPhone 6 __knowledge__ The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus jointly serve as successors to the iPhone 5S and were themselves replaced as flagship devices of the iPhone series by the iPhone 6S and iPhone 6S Plus on September 9, 2015.", "IPhone 6 __knowledge__ The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus include larger displays, a faster processor, upgraded cameras, improved LTE and Wi-Fi connectivity and support for a near field communications-based mobile payments offering.", "History of Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Apple Inc., formerly Apple Computer, Inc., is a multinational corporation that creates consumer electronics, personal computers, servers, and computer software, and is a digital distributor of media content.", "History of Apple Inc. __knowledge__ The company also has a chain of retail stores known as Apple Stores.", "History of Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Apple's core product lines are the iPhone smart phone, iPad tablet computer, iPod portable media players, and Macintosh computer line.", "History of Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Founders Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak created Apple Computer on April 1, 1976, and incorporated the company on January 3, 1977, in Cupertino, California.", "History of Apple Inc. __knowledge__ For more than three decades, Apple Computer was predominantly a manufacturer of personal computers, including the Apple II, Macintosh, and Power Mac lines, but it faced rocky sales and low market share during the 1990s.", "IOS version history __knowledge__ iOS is a mobile operating system, developed by Apple Inc. for iPhone, iPad, and iPod Touch.", "IOS version history __knowledge__ Updates for iOS are released through the iTunes software, and, since iOS 5, via over-the-air software updates.", "IOS version history __knowledge__ With the announcement of iOS 5.0 on June 6, 2011, a USB connection to iTunes was no longer needed to activate iOS devices; data synchronization can happen automatically and wirelessly through Apple's iCloud service.", "IOS version history __knowledge__ Major new iOS releases are announced yearly during the Apple Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC), and are usually released in September of the same year, usually coinciding with the release of new iPhone models.", "IPhone 5 __knowledge__ The iPhone 5 is a smartphone designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone 5 __knowledge__ It is the sixth generation of the iPhone, succeeding the iPhone 4S and preceding the iPhone 5S and iPhone 5C.", "IPhone 5 __knowledge__ Formally unveiled as part of a press event on September 12, 2012, it was released on September 21, 2012.", "IPhone 5 __knowledge__ The iPhone 5 is the first iPhone to be announced in September and setting a trend for subsequent iPhone releases, the first iPhone to be completely developed under the guidance of Tim Cook and the last iPhone to be overseen by Steve Jobs.", "IPhone 5 __knowledge__ The iPhone 5 featured major design changes in comparison to its predecessor.", "IPhone 5 __knowledge__ These included an aluminum-based body which was thinner and lighter than previous models, a taller screen with a nearly aspect ratio, the Apple A6 system-on-chip, LTE support, and Lightning, a new compact dock connector which replaced the 30-pin design used by previous iPhone models.", "IPhone 4 __knowledge__ The iPhone 4 is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone 4 __knowledge__ Following a number of notable leaks, the iPhone 4 was first unveiled on June 7, 2010, at Apple's Worldwide Developers Conference in San Francisco, and was released on June 24, 2010, in the United States, United Kingdom, France, Germany and Japan.", "IPhone 4 __knowledge__ It is the 4th generation of iPhone, succeeding the 3GS and preceding the 4S.", "IPhone 4 __knowledge__ The iPhone 4 introduced a new hardware design to the iPhone family, which Apple's CEO Steve Jobs touted as the thinnest smartphone in the world at the time; it consisted of a stainless steel frame which doubles as an antenna, with internal components situated between aluminosilicate glass." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Smartphone __knowledge__ A smartphone is a handheld personal computer with a mobile operating system and an integrated mobile broadband cellular network connection for voice, SMS, and Internet data communication; most if not all smartphones also support Wi-Fi.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Smartphones are typically pocket-sized, as opposed to tablets, which are much larger.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ They are able to run a variety of software components, known as “apps”.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Most basic apps (e.g.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ event calendar, camera, web browser) come pre-installed with the system, while others are available for download from places like the Google Play Store or Apple App Store.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Apps can receive bug fixes and gain additional functionality through software updates; similarly, operating systems are able to update.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Modern smartphones have a touchscreen color display with a graphical user interface that covers the front surface and enables the user to use a virtual keyboard to type and press onscreen icons to activate \"app\" features.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Mobile payment is now a common theme amongst most smartphones.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Today, smartphones largely fulfill most people's needs for a telephone, digital camera and video camera, GPS navigation, a media player, clock, news, calculator, web browser, handheld video game player, flashlight, compass, an address book, note-taking, digital messaging, an event calendar, etc.", "Samsung YEPP __knowledge__ Yepp was Samsung Electronics' digital audio player brand until Samsung decided to retire most of their family brands in February 2011.", "Samsung YEPP __knowledge__ From then on, their MP3 players were simply branded \"Samsung\" worldwide until they discontinued all of them late 2013.", "Samsung YEPP __knowledge__ The brand included a wide range of hard-drive based as well as flash-memory based players.", "Samsung YEPP __knowledge__ The name is claimed to be an acronym for \"young, energetic, passionate person\".", "Samsung YEPP __knowledge__ The Yepp brand was first introduced at CES 1999 in Las Vegas where the first Samsung mp3 players have been unveiled (YP-E, YP-B and YP-D series).", "Samsung YEPP __knowledge__ Samsung MP3 players were branded \"Yepp\" worldwide until 2003.", "MP3 __knowledge__ MP3 (formally MPEG-1 Audio Layer III or MPEG-2 Audio Layer III) is an audio coding format for digital audio.", "MP3 __knowledge__ Originally defined as the third audio format of the MPEG-1 standard, it was retained and further extended—defining additional bit rates and support for more audio channels—as the third audio format of the subsequent MPEG-2 standard.", "MP3 __knowledge__ A third version, known as MPEG 2.5—extended to better support lower bit rates—is commonly implemented, but is not a recognized standard.", "MP3 __knowledge__ MP3 (or mp3) as a file format commonly designates files containing an elementary stream of MPEG-1 audio and video encoded data, without other complexities of the MP3 standard.", "Portable media player __knowledge__ A portable media player (PMP) or digital audio player (DAP) is a portable consumer electronics device capable of storing and playing digital media such as audio, images, and video files.", "Portable media player __knowledge__ The data is typically stored on a CD, DVD, flash memory, microdrive, or hard drive.", "Portable media player __knowledge__ Most portable media players are equipped with a 3.5 mm headphone jack, which users can plug headphones into, or connect to a boombox or hifi system.", "Portable media player __knowledge__ In contrast, analogue portable audio players play music from non-digital media that use analogue signal storage, such as cassette tapes or vinyl records.", "Portable media player __knowledge__ Often mobile digital audio players are marketed and sold as \"portable MP3 players\", even if they also support other file formats and media types.", "MP3 player __knowledge__ An MP3 player or Digital Audio Player is an electronic device that can play digital audio files.", "MP3 player __knowledge__ It is a type of Portable Media Player.", "MP3 player __knowledge__ The term 'MP3 player' is a misnomer, as most players play more than the MP3 file format.", "MP3 player __knowledge__ Since the MP3 format is widely used, almost all players can play that format.", "MP3 player __knowledge__ In addition, there are many other digital audio formats.", "MP3 player __knowledge__ Some formats are proprietary, such as MP3, Windows Media Audio (WMA), and Advanced Audio Coding (AAC).", "MP3 player __knowledge__ Some of these formats also may incorporate digital rights management (DRM), such as WMA DRM, which are often part of paid download sites.", "MP3 player __knowledge__ Other formats are patent-free or otherwise open, such as Vorbis, FLAC, and Speex (all part of the Ogg open multimedia project).", "Music __knowledge__ Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound organized in time.", "Music __knowledge__ The common elements of music are pitch (which governs melody and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo, meter, and articulation), dynamics (loudness and softness), and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture (which are sometimes termed the \"color\" of a musical sound).", "Music __knowledge__ Different styles or types of music may emphasize, de-emphasize or omit some of these elements.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping; there are solely instrumental pieces, solely vocal pieces (such as songs without instrumental accompaniment) and pieces that combine singing and instruments.", "Embedded system __knowledge__ An embedded system is a computer system with a dedicated function within a larger mechanical or electrical system, often with real-time computing constraints.", "Embedded system __knowledge__ It is \"embedded\" as part of a complete device often including hardware and mechanical parts.", "Embedded system __knowledge__ Embedded systems control many devices in common use today.", "Embedded system __knowledge__ Ninety-eight percent of all microprocessors are manufactured as components of embedded systems.", "Embedded system __knowledge__ Examples of properties of typical embedded computers when compared with general-purpose counterparts are low power consumption, small size, rugged operating ranges, and low per-unit cost.", "Embedded system __knowledge__ This comes at the price of limited processing resources, which make them significantly more difficult to program and to interact with.", "IPod __knowledge__ The iPod is a line of portable media players and multi-purpose pocket computers designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPod __knowledge__ The first version was released on October 23, 2001, about months after the Macintosh version of iTunes was released.", "IPod __knowledge__ As of July 27, 2017, only the iPod Touch remains in production.", "IPod __knowledge__ Like other digital music players, iPods can serve as external data storage devices.", "IPod __knowledge__ Apple's iTunes software (and other alternative software) can be used to transfer music, photos, videos, games, contact information, e-mail settings, Web bookmarks, and calendars, to the devices supporting these features from computers using certain versions of Apple Macintosh and Microsoft Windows operating systems.", "Home computer __knowledge__ Home computers were a class of microcomputers entering the market in 1977, and becoming common during the 1980s.", "Home computer __knowledge__ They were marketed to consumers as affordable and accessible computers that, for the first time, were intended for the use of a single nontechnical user.", "Home computer __knowledge__ These computers were a distinct market segment that typically cost much less than business, scientific or engineering-oriented computers of the time such as the IBM PC, and were generally less powerful in terms of memory and expandability.", "Home computer __knowledge__ However, a home computer often had better graphics and sound than contemporary business computers.", "MacOS __knowledge__ macOS (; previously , then ) is a series of graphical operating systems developed and marketed by Apple Inc. since 2001.", "MacOS __knowledge__ It is the primary operating system for Apple's Mac family of computers.", "MacOS __knowledge__ Within the market of desktop, laptop and home computers, and by web usage, it is the second most widely used desktop OS, after Microsoft Windows.", "MacOS __knowledge__ macOS is the second major series of Macintosh operating systems.", "MacOS __knowledge__ The first is colloquially called the \"classic\" Mac OS, which was introduced in 1984, and the final release of which was Mac OS 9 in 1999.", "MacOS __knowledge__ The first desktop version, Mac OS X 10.0, was released in March 2001, with its first update, 10.1, arriving later that year.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Apple Inc. is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Cupertino, California that designs, develops, and sells consumer electronics, computer software, and online services.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ The company's hardware products include the iPhone smartphone, the iPad tablet computer, the Mac personal computer, the iPod portable media player, the Apple Watch smartwatch, the Apple TV digital media player, and the HomePod smart speaker.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Apple's software includes the macOS and iOS operating systems, the iTunes media player, the Safari web browser, and the iLife and iWork creativity and productivity suites, as well as professional applications like Final Cut Pro, Logic Pro, or Xcode.", "IBM Personal Computer __knowledge__ The IBM Personal Computer, commonly known as the IBM PC, is the original version and progenitor of the IBM PC compatible hardware platform.", "IBM Personal Computer __knowledge__ It is IBM model number 5150, and was introduced on August 12, 1981.", "IBM Personal Computer __knowledge__ It was created by a team of engineers and designers under the direction of Don Estridge of the IBM Entry Systems Division in Boca Raton, Florida.", "IBM Personal Computer __knowledge__ The generic term \"personal computer\" was in use before 1981, applied as early as 1972 to the Xerox PARC's Alto, but because of the success of the IBM Personal Computer, the term \"PC\" came to mean more specifically a desktop microcomputer compatible with IBM's \"Personal Computer\" branded products.", "Retina Display __knowledge__ Retina Display (marketed by Apple with a lowercase 'D' as Retina display) is a brand name used by Apple for its series of IPS panel and OLED displays that have a higher pixel density than traditional Apple displays.", "Retina Display __knowledge__ Apple has applied to register the term \"Retina\" as a trademark in regard to computers and mobile devices with the United States Patent and Trademark Office, Canadian Intellectual Property Office, and in Jamaica.", "Retina Display __knowledge__ On November 27, 2012 the US Patent and Trademark office approved Apple's application and \"Retina\" is now a registered trademark for computer equipment.", "Retina Display __knowledge__ When an Apple product has a Retina Display, each user interface widget is doubled in width and height to compensate for the smaller pixels.", "History of personal computers __knowledge__ The history of the personal computer as a mass-market consumer electronic device began with the microcomputer revolution of the 1980s.", "History of personal computers __knowledge__ The 1981 launch of the IBM Personal Computer coined both the term \"Personal Computer\" and \"PC\".", "History of personal computers __knowledge__ A personal computer is one intended for interactive individual use, as opposed to a mainframe computer where the end user's requests are filtered through operating staff, or a time-sharing system in which one large processor is shared by many individuals.", "History of personal computers __knowledge__ After the development of the microprocessor, individual personal computers were low enough in cost that they eventually became affordable consumer goods.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Steven Paul Jobs (; February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American entrepreneur, business magnate, inventor, and industrial designer.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was the chairman, chief executive officer (CEO), and co-founder of Apple Inc.; CEO and majority shareholder of Pixar; a member of The Walt Disney Company's board of directors following its acquisition of Pixar; and the founder, chairman, and CEO of NeXT.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Jobs and Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak are widely recognized as pioneers of the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was born in San Francisco to parents who had to put him up for adoption at birth; he was raised in the San Francisco Bay Area during the 1960s." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Smartphone __knowledge__ A smartphone is a handheld personal computer with a mobile operating system and an integrated mobile broadband cellular network connection for voice, SMS, and Internet data communication; most if not all smartphones also support Wi-Fi.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Smartphones are typically pocket-sized, as opposed to tablets, which are much larger.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ They are able to run a variety of software components, known as “apps”.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Most basic apps (e.g.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ event calendar, camera, web browser) come pre-installed with the system, while others are available for download from places like the Google Play Store or Apple App Store.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Apps can receive bug fixes and gain additional functionality through software updates; similarly, operating systems are able to update.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Modern smartphones have a touchscreen color display with a graphical user interface that covers the front surface and enables the user to use a virtual keyboard to type and press onscreen icons to activate \"app\" features.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Mobile payment is now a common theme amongst most smartphones.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Today, smartphones largely fulfill most people's needs for a telephone, digital camera and video camera, GPS navigation, a media player, clock, news, calculator, web browser, handheld video game player, flashlight, compass, an address book, note-taking, digital messaging, an event calendar, etc.", "BrainPop __knowledge__ BrainPop (styled BrainPOP) is a group of educational websites with over 1,000 short animated movies for students in grades K-12 (ages 6 to 17), together with quizzes and related materials, covering the subjects of science, social studies, English, mathematics, engineering and technology, health, and arts and music.", "BrainPop __knowledge__ BrainPop is used in more than 20% of U.S. schools and also offers subscriptions for families and homeschoolers.", "BrainPop __knowledge__ It is also used in schools in Mexico, France, Spain, Israel and several other countries, where it offers videos in local languages that are designed for students in those countries.", "Fun School __knowledge__ Fun School is the name of a series of educational packages developed and published in the United Kingdom by Europress Software, initially as \"Database Educational Software\".", "Fun School __knowledge__ The original Fun School titles were sold mostly by mail order via off-the-page adverts in the magazines owned by Database Publications.", "Fun School __knowledge__ A decision was made to create a new set of programs, call the range Fun School 2, and package them more professionally so they could be sold in computer stores around the UK.", "Fun School __knowledge__ Every game comes as a set of three versions, each version set to cater for a specific age range.", "Fun School __knowledge__ \"Fun School 1\" is the first set of educational games, created in 1984 by Database Educational Software for the Acorn Electron and BBC Micro computers.", "Educational video game __knowledge__ An educational video game is a video game that provides learning or training value to the player.", "Educational video game __knowledge__ Edutainment describes an intentional merger of video games and educational software into a single product (and could therefore also comprise more serious titles sometimes described under children's learning software).", "Educational video game __knowledge__ In the narrower sense used here, the term describes educational software which is primarily about entertainment, but tends to educate as well and sells itself partly under the educational umbrella.", "Educational video game __knowledge__ Normally software of this kind is not structured towards school curricula and does not involve educational advisors.", "Madeline (video game series) __knowledge__ Madeline is a series of educational point-and-click adventure video games developed in the mid 1990s for Windows and Mac systems.", "Madeline (video game series) __knowledge__ The series is an extension of the \"Madeline\" franchise, a series of children's books written by Ludwig Bemelmans, which feature the adventures of a young French heroine named Madeline.", "Madeline (video game series) __knowledge__ The series was produced concurrently with the TV series of the same name and featured characters and voice actors from the show.", "Madeline (video game series) __knowledge__ The setup of each game has Madeline, the main character, guiding the young player through educational minigames.", "Madeline (video game series) __knowledge__ Activities involve various subjects such as: reading comprehension, mathematics, problem-solving, basic French and Spanish vocabulary, and cultural studies.", "Educational game __knowledge__ Educational games are games explicitly designed with educational purposes, or which have incidental or secondary educational value.", "Educational game __knowledge__ All types of games may be used in an educational environment.", "Educational game __knowledge__ Educational games are games that are designed to help people to learn about certain subjects, expand concepts, reinforce development, understand a historical event or culture, or assist them in learning a skill as they play.", "Educational game __knowledge__ Game types include board, card, and video games.", "Educational game __knowledge__ An educational game is a game designed to teach humans about a specific subject and to teach them a skill.", "Educational game __knowledge__ As educators, governments, and parents realize the psychological need and benefits of gaming have on learning, this educational tool has become mainstream.", "Learning __knowledge__ Learning is the process of acquiring new or modifying existing knowledge, behaviors, skills, values, or preferences.", "Learning __knowledge__ The ability to learn is possessed by humans, animals, and some machines, and there is also evidence for some kind of learning in some plants.", "Learning __knowledge__ Some learning is immediate, induced by a single event (e.g.", "Learning __knowledge__ being burned by a hot stove), but much skill and knowledge accumulates from repeated experiences.", "Learning __knowledge__ The changes induced by learning often last a lifetime, and it is hard to distinguish learned material that seems to be \"lost\" from that which cannot be retrieved.", "Learning __knowledge__ Human learning begins before birth and continues until death as a consequence of ongoing interactions between person and environment.", "JumpStart 3D Virtual World __knowledge__ JumpStart 3D Virtual World is a sub-series of the larger JumpStart series of educational games.", "JumpStart 3D Virtual World __knowledge__ It was originally titled JumpStart World.", "JumpStart 3D Virtual World __knowledge__ The series contains 4 games: JumpStart 3D Virtual World: My First Adventure (originally JumpStart Advanced Premium Preschool World) JumpStart 3D Virtual World: The Legend of Grizzly McGuffin (originally JumpStart World Kindergarten) JumpStart 3D Virtual World: Trouble in Town (originally JumpStart World 1st Grade) JumpStart 3D Virtual World: The Quest for the Color Meister (originally JumpStart World 2nd Grade) The games feature the user maneuvering a character through a 3D world, going on missions, and playing educational activities.", "Home computer __knowledge__ Home computers were a class of microcomputers entering the market in 1977, and becoming common during the 1980s.", "Home computer __knowledge__ They were marketed to consumers as affordable and accessible computers that, for the first time, were intended for the use of a single nontechnical user.", "Home computer __knowledge__ These computers were a distinct market segment that typically cost much less than business, scientific or engineering-oriented computers of the time such as the IBM PC, and were generally less powerful in terms of memory and expandability.", "Home computer __knowledge__ However, a home computer often had better graphics and sound than contemporary business computers.", "Affordable housing __knowledge__ Affordable housing is housing which is deemed affordable to those with a median household income as rated by the national government or a local government by a recognized housing affordability index.", "Affordable housing __knowledge__ Most of the literature on affordable housing refers to mortgages and number of forms that exist along a continuum – from emergency shelters, to transitional housing, to non-market rental (also known as social or subsidized housing), to formal and informal rental, indigenous housing, and ending with affordable home ownership.", "Affordable housing __knowledge__ In Australia, the National Affordable Housing Summit Group developed their definition of affordable housing as housing that is, \"...reasonably adequate in standard and location for lower or middle income households and does not cost so much that a household is unlikely to be able to meet other basic needs on a sustainable basis.\"", "Government policies and the subprime mortgage crisis __knowledge__ The U.S. subprime mortgage crisis was a set of events and conditions that led to a financial crisis and subsequent recession that began in 2007.", "Government policies and the subprime mortgage crisis __knowledge__ It was characterized by a rise in subprime mortgage delinquencies and foreclosures, and the resulting decline of securities backed by said mortgages.", "Government policies and the subprime mortgage crisis __knowledge__ Several major financial institutions collapsed in September 2008, with significant disruption in the flow of credit to businesses and consumers and the onset of a severe global recession.", "Government policies and the subprime mortgage crisis __knowledge__ Government housing policies, over-regulation, failed regulation and deregulation have all been claimed as causes of the crisis, along with many others.", "History of video games __knowledge__ The history of video games goes as far back as the early 1950s, when academic computer scientists began designing simple games and simulations as part of their research.", "History of video games __knowledge__ Video gaming did not reach mainstream popularity until the 1970s and 1980s, when video arcade games and gaming consoles using joysticks, buttons, and other controllers, along with graphics on computer screens and home computer games were introduced to the general public.", "History of video games __knowledge__ Since the 1980s, video gaming has become a popular form of entertainment and a part of modern popular culture in most parts of the world.", "History of video games __knowledge__ One of the early games was \"Spacewar!", "Personal computer __knowledge__ A personal computer (PC) is a multi-purpose computer whose size, capabilities, and price make it feasible for individual use.", "Personal computer __knowledge__ PCs are intended to be operated directly by an end user, rather than by a computer expert or technician.", "Personal computer __knowledge__ Computer time-sharing models that were typically used with larger, more expensive minicomputer and mainframe systems, to enable them be used by many people at the same time, are not used with PCs.", "Personal computer __knowledge__ Early computer owners in the 1960s, invariably institutional or corporate, had to write their own programs to do any useful work with the machines.", "Personal computer __knowledge__ In the 2010s, personal computer users have access to a wide range of commercial software, free software (\"freeware\") and free and open-source software, which are provided in ready-to-run form.", "History of personal computers __knowledge__ The history of the personal computer as a mass-market consumer electronic device began with the microcomputer revolution of the 1980s.", "History of personal computers __knowledge__ The 1981 launch of the IBM Personal Computer coined both the term \"Personal Computer\" and \"PC\".", "History of personal computers __knowledge__ A personal computer is one intended for interactive individual use, as opposed to a mainframe computer where the end user's requests are filtered through operating staff, or a time-sharing system in which one large processor is shared by many individuals.", "History of personal computers __knowledge__ After the development of the microprocessor, individual personal computers were low enough in cost that they eventually became affordable consumer goods.", "TRS-80 __knowledge__ The TRS-80 Micro Computer System (TRS-80; later known as the Model I to distinguish it from successors) is a desktop microcomputer launched in 1977 and sold by Tandy Corporation through their Radio Shack stores.", "TRS-80 __knowledge__ The name is an abbreviation of \"Tandy/Radio Shack, Z-80 microprocessor\".", "TRS-80 __knowledge__ It was one of the earliest mass-produced and mass-marketed retail personal computers.", "TRS-80 __knowledge__ Notable features of the TRS-80 included its full-stroke QWERTY keyboard, its new Zilog Z80 processor (rather than the more common Intel 8080), 4K RAM standard memory (many 8-bit computers then shipped with only 1K RAM), small size and desk footprint, its floating-point BASIC programming language, an included 64 column video monitor, and a starting price of US$600 (equivalent to US$ in 2017)." ] ]

[ 0, 49, 49, 49, 55 ]

[ "I agree. It can do many of the same things my laptop can do, plus make phone calls. ", "Actually I don't. But I bet if it was Apple we would be on run 50 of the Iphone! Lol", "It's amazing to think how far Apple has come from the 90's when they mostly made computers. ", "Me too. They were marketed as affordable but my family didn't get a computer until nearly 2000.", "Me too. Video games have come far too. I remember playing on the Atari in the 80's. Now it seems that is all people do for entertainment." ]

[ "Smartphone", "Smartphone", "Smartphone", "Smartphone", "Smartphone" ]

[ "Dolphin", "Fun! I once seen a pack of porpoises while boating. I think they're in the same family as dolphins? ", "Wow, have you seen many different kinds?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dolphin __knowledge__ Dolphins are a widely distributed and diverse group of aquatic mammals.", "Dolphin __knowledge__ They are an informal grouping within the order Cetacea, excluding whales and porpoises, so to zoologists the grouping is paraphyletic.", "Dolphin __knowledge__ The dolphins comprise the extant families Delphinidae (the oceanic dolphins), Platanistidae (the Indian river dolphins), Iniidae (the new world river dolphins), and Pontoporiidae (the brackish dolphins), and the extinct Lipotidae (baiji or Chinese river dolphin).", "Dolphin __knowledge__ There are 40 extant species of dolphins.", "Dolphin __knowledge__ Dolphins, alongside other cetaceans, belong to the clade Cetartiodactyla with even-toed ungulates.", "Dolphin __knowledge__ Cetaceans' closest living relatives are the hippopotamuses, having diverged about 40 million years ago.", "Dolphin __knowledge__ Dolphins range in size from the long and Maui's dolphin to the and killer whale.", "Dolphin __knowledge__ Several species exhibit sexual dimorphism, in that the males are larger than females.", "Dolphin __knowledge__ They have streamlined bodies and two limbs that are modified into flippers.", "Dolphin __knowledge__ Though not quite as flexible as seals, some dolphins can travel at .", "Dolphin __knowledge__ Dolphins use their conical shaped teeth to capture fast moving prey.", "Dolphin __knowledge__ They have well-developed hearing which is adapted for both air and water and is so well developed that some can survive even if they are blind." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dolphin __knowledge__ Dolphins are a widely distributed and diverse group of aquatic mammals.", "Dolphin __knowledge__ They are an informal grouping within the order Cetacea, excluding whales and porpoises, so to zoologists the grouping is paraphyletic.", "Dolphin __knowledge__ The dolphins comprise the extant families Delphinidae (the oceanic dolphins), Platanistidae (the Indian river dolphins), Iniidae (the new world river dolphins), and Pontoporiidae (the brackish dolphins), and the extinct Lipotidae (baiji or Chinese river dolphin).", "Dolphin __knowledge__ There are 40 extant species of dolphins.", "Dolphin __knowledge__ Dolphins, alongside other cetaceans, belong to the clade Cetartiodactyla with even-toed ungulates.", "Dolphin __knowledge__ Cetaceans' closest living relatives are the hippopotamuses, having diverged about 40 million years ago.", "Dolphin __knowledge__ Dolphins range in size from the long and Maui's dolphin to the and killer whale.", "Dolphin __knowledge__ Several species exhibit sexual dimorphism, in that the males are larger than females.", "Dolphin __knowledge__ They have streamlined bodies and two limbs that are modified into flippers.", "Dolphin __knowledge__ Though not quite as flexible as seals, some dolphins can travel at .", "Dolphin __knowledge__ Dolphins use their conical shaped teeth to capture fast moving prey.", "Dolphin __knowledge__ They have well-developed hearing which is adapted for both air and water and is so well developed that some can survive even if they are blind.", "Porpoise __knowledge__ Porpoises are a group of fully aquatic marine mammals that are sometimes referred to as mereswine, all of which are classified under the family Phocoenidae, parvorder Odontoceti (toothed whales).", "Porpoise __knowledge__ There are six extant species of porpoise.", "Porpoise __knowledge__ They are small toothed whales that are very closely related to oceanic dolphins.", "Porpoise __knowledge__ The most obvious visible difference between the two groups is that porpoises have shorter beaks and flattened, spade-shaped teeth distinct from the conical teeth of dolphins.", "Porpoise __knowledge__ Porpoises, and other cetaceans, belong to the clade Cetartiodactyla with even-toed ungulates, and their closest living relatives are the hippopotamuses, having diverged from them about 40 million years ago.", "Cetacea __knowledge__ Cetacea () are a widely distributed and diverse clade of aquatic mammals that today consists of the whales, dolphins, and porpoises.", "Cetacea __knowledge__ Cetaceans are carnivorous and finned.", "Cetacea __knowledge__ Most species live in the sea, some in rivers.", "Cetacea __knowledge__ The name is derived from the Latin \"cetus\" \"whale\", itself from the Greek κῆτος \"kētos\" \"huge fish\".", "Cetacea __knowledge__ There are around 89 extant species, which are divided into two groups or parvorders, the Odontoceti or toothed whales, a group of more than 70 species that includes the dolphins and porpoises, and the Mysticeti or baleen whales, of which there are now 15 species.", "Cetacea __knowledge__ The extinct ancestors of modern whales are the Archaeoceti.", "Harbour porpoise __knowledge__ The harbour porpoise (\"Phocoena phocoena\") is one of six species of porpoise.", "Harbour porpoise __knowledge__ It is one of the smallest marine mammals.", "Harbour porpoise __knowledge__ As its name implies, it stays close to coastal areas or river estuaries, and as such, is the most familiar porpoise to whale watchers.", "Harbour porpoise __knowledge__ This porpoise often ventures up rivers, and has been seen hundreds of miles from the sea.", "Harbour porpoise __knowledge__ The harbour porpoise may be polytypic, with geographically distinct populations representing distinct races: \"P. p. phocoena\" in the North Atlantic and West Africa, \"P. p. relicta\" in the Black Sea and Sea of Azov, an unnamed population in the northwest Pacific and \"P. p. vomerina\" in the northeast Pacific.", "Toothed whale __knowledge__ The toothed whales (systematic name Odontoceti) are a parvorder of cetaceans that includes dolphins, porpoises, and all other whales possessing teeth, such as the beaked whales and sperm whales.", "Toothed whale __knowledge__ Seventy-three species of toothed whales (also called odontocetes) are described.", "Toothed whale __knowledge__ They are one of two living groups of cetaceans, the other being the baleen whales (Mysticeti), which have baleen instead of teeth.", "Toothed whale __knowledge__ The two groups are thought to have diverged around 34 million years ago (mya).", "Toothed whale __knowledge__ Toothed whales range in size from the and vaquita to the and sperm whale.", "Toothed whale __knowledge__ Several species of odontocetes exhibit sexual dimorphism, in that the females are larger than males.", "Cetacean bycatch __knowledge__ Cetacean bycatch is the incidental capture of non-target cetacean species such as dolphins, porpoises, and whales by fisheries.", "Cetacean bycatch __knowledge__ Bycatch can be caused by entanglement in fishing nets and lines, or direct capture by hooks or in trawl nets.", "Cetacean bycatch __knowledge__ Cetacean bycatch is increasing in intensity and frequency.", "Cetacean bycatch __knowledge__ This is a trend that is likely to continue because of increasing human population growth and demand for marine food sources, as well as industrialization of fisheries which are expanding into new areas.", "Cetacean bycatch __knowledge__ These fisheries come into direct and indirect contact with cetaceans.", "Cetacean bycatch __knowledge__ An example of direct contact is the physical contact of cetaceans with fishing nets.", "Hong Kong Dolphin Conservation Society __knowledge__ The Hong Kong Dolphin Conservation Society (HKDCS) (Traditional Chinese: 香港海豚保育學會) is a non-governmental organisation that is dedicated to the conservation of whales, and dolphins and porpoises in Hong Kong.", "Hong Kong Dolphin Conservation Society __knowledge__ Founded in December 2003, its mission is to protect whales and dolphins through scientific research and public education.", "Hong Kong Dolphin Conservation Society __knowledge__ To promote concern and increase awareness of the unfortunate circumstances of whales and dolphins, the HKDCS has been involved in various fields including carrying out research, offering related education to school children, providing volunteers a chance to join as research interns, and organising forums for dolphin-lovers which also serves as a social gathering for like-minded individuals.", "Oceanic dolphin __knowledge__ Oceanic dolphins or Delphinidae are a widely distributed family of dolphins that live in the sea.", "Oceanic dolphin __knowledge__ Thirty extant species are described.", "Oceanic dolphin __knowledge__ They include several big species whose common names contain \"whale\" rather than \"dolphin\", such as the killer whale and the pilot whales.", "Oceanic dolphin __knowledge__ Delphinidae is a family within the superfamily Delphinoidea, which also includes the porpoises (Phocoenidae) and the Monodontidae (beluga whale and narwhal).", "Oceanic dolphin __knowledge__ River dolphins are relatives of the Delphinoidea.", "Oceanic dolphin __knowledge__ Oceanic dolphins range in size from the -long and Maui's dolphin to the and killer whale, the largest known dolphin.", "Oceanic dolphin __knowledge__ Several species exhibit sexual dimorphism; the males are larger than females.", "Bottlenose dolphin __knowledge__ Bottlenose dolphins, the genus Tursiops, are the most common members of the family Delphinidae, the family of oceanic dolphin.", "Bottlenose dolphin __knowledge__ Molecular studies show the genus contains three species: the common bottlenose dolphin (\"Tursiops truncatus\"), the Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin (\"Tursiops aduncus\"), and the Burrunan dolphin (\"Tursiops australis\").", "Bottlenose dolphin __knowledge__ Bottlenose dolphins inhabit warm and temperate seas worldwide, being found everywhere except for the Arctic and Antarctic Circle regions.", "Bottlenose dolphin __knowledge__ Bottlenose dolphins live in groups typically of 10–30 members, called pods, but group size varies from single individuals up to more than 1,000.", "Marine mammal __knowledge__ Marine mammals are aquatic mammals that rely on the ocean and other marine ecosystems for their existence.", "Marine mammal __knowledge__ They include animals such as seals, whales, manatees, sea otters and polar bears.", "Marine mammal __knowledge__ They do not represent a distinct taxon or systematic grouping, but rather have a polyphyletic relation due to convergent evolution, as in they do not have an immediate common ancestor.", "Marine mammal __knowledge__ They are also unified by their reliance on the marine environment for feeding.", "Marine mammal __knowledge__ Marine mammal adaptation to an aquatic lifestyle varies considerably between species.", "Marine mammal __knowledge__ Both cetaceans and sirenians are fully aquatic and therefore are obligate water dwellers.", "River dolphin __knowledge__ River dolphins are a very widespread group of fully aquatic mammals that reside exclusively in freshwater or brackish water.", "River dolphin __knowledge__ They are an informal grouping of dolphins, which is a paraphyletic group within the infraorder Cetacea.", "River dolphin __knowledge__ The river dolphins comprise the extant families Platanistidae (the Indian dolphins), Iniidae (the Amazonian dolphins), and Pontoporiidae (the brackish dolphins).", "River dolphin __knowledge__ There are five extant species of river dolphins, and two subspecies.", "River dolphin __knowledge__ River dolphins, alongside other cetaceans, belong to the clade Cetartiodactyla, with even-toed ungulates, and their closest living relatives the hippopotamuses, having diverged about 40 million years ago.", "Cetacean intelligence __knowledge__ Cetacean intelligence refers to the cognitive capabilities of the Cetacea order of mammals.", "Cetacean intelligence __knowledge__ This order includes whales, porpoises, and dolphins.", "Cetacean intelligence __knowledge__ Brain size was previously considered a major indicator of the intelligence of an animal.", "Cetacean intelligence __knowledge__ However, many other factors also affect intelligence.", "Cetacean intelligence __knowledge__ Recent discoveries concerning bird intelligence have called into question the usefulness of brain size as an indicator.", "Cetacean intelligence __knowledge__ Since most of the brain is used for maintaining bodily functions, greater ratios of brain to body mass may increase the amount of brain mass available for more complex cognitive tasks.", "Cetacean intelligence __knowledge__ Allometric analysis indicates that mammalian brain size scales at approximately the ⅔ or ¾ exponent of the body mass." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dolphin __knowledge__ Dolphins are a widely distributed and diverse group of aquatic mammals.", "Dolphin __knowledge__ They are an informal grouping within the order Cetacea, excluding whales and porpoises, so to zoologists the grouping is paraphyletic.", "Dolphin __knowledge__ The dolphins comprise the extant families Delphinidae (the oceanic dolphins), Platanistidae (the Indian river dolphins), Iniidae (the new world river dolphins), and Pontoporiidae (the brackish dolphins), and the extinct Lipotidae (baiji or Chinese river dolphin).", "Dolphin __knowledge__ There are 40 extant species of dolphins.", "Dolphin __knowledge__ Dolphins, alongside other cetaceans, belong to the clade Cetartiodactyla with even-toed ungulates.", "Dolphin __knowledge__ Cetaceans' closest living relatives are the hippopotamuses, having diverged about 40 million years ago.", "Dolphin __knowledge__ Dolphins range in size from the long and Maui's dolphin to the and killer whale.", "Dolphin __knowledge__ Several species exhibit sexual dimorphism, in that the males are larger than females.", "Dolphin __knowledge__ They have streamlined bodies and two limbs that are modified into flippers.", "Dolphin __knowledge__ Though not quite as flexible as seals, some dolphins can travel at .", "Dolphin __knowledge__ Dolphins use their conical shaped teeth to capture fast moving prey.", "Dolphin __knowledge__ They have well-developed hearing which is adapted for both air and water and is so well developed that some can survive even if they are blind.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Dwarfs (Discworld) __knowledge__ Dwarfs in Terry Pratchett's \"Discworld\" novels are similar to the Dwarves of J. R. R. Tolkien's Middle-earth, to which they largely started out as a homage, and dwarves in other fantasy novels.", "Dwarfs (Discworld) __knowledge__ They are short, stocky, bearded metal-workers, generally seen wearing chain mail and brandishing axes.", "Dwarfs (Discworld) __knowledge__ However, they have many unique qualities.", "Dwarfs (Discworld) __knowledge__ Dwarfs originate from the Ramtops and Überwald, but many have moved down to the Sto Plains (Ankh-Morpork is now the largest dwarfish colony on the Disc outside of Überwald).", "Dwarfs (Discworld) __knowledge__ Incidentally, Pratchett uses the plural \"dwarfs\", not Tolkien's \"dwarves\", and \"dwarfish\" instead of \"dwarven\".", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Law of value __knowledge__ The law of value (German: \"Wertgesetz\") is a central concept in Karl Marx's critique of political economy, first expounded in his polemic \"The Poverty of Philosophy\" (1847) against Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, with reference to David Ricardo's economics.", "Law of value __knowledge__ Most generally, it refers to a regulative principle of the economic exchange of the products of human work: the relative exchange-values of those products in trade, usually expressed by money-prices, are proportional to the average amounts of human labor-time which are currently socially necessary to produce them.", "Law of value __knowledge__ Thus, the fluctuating exchange value of commodities (exchangeable products) is regulated by their value, where the magnitude of their value is determined by the average quantity of human labour which is currently socially necessary to produce them (see labor theory of value and value-form).", "Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province __knowledge__ Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province (, \"Ostān-e Chahār-Mahāl-o Bakhtiyārī\" ) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran.", "Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province __knowledge__ It lies in the southwestern part of the country.", "Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province __knowledge__ Its capital is Shahr-e Kord.", "Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province __knowledge__ The province was put as part of Region 2 upon the division of the provinces into 5 regions solely for coordination and development purposes on June 22, 2014.", "Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province __knowledge__ It has an area of 16,332 square kilometers, and had a population of 895,263 in 2011.", "Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province __knowledge__ The history of the province is tied to that of the Bakhtiari tribe.", "Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province __knowledge__ The Bakhtiari tribe can be divided into two sub-tribes, \"Haft Lang\" and \"Chahar Lang\" with various territorial affiliations and they are the main speakers of Lurish language.", "Carbovaris __knowledge__ Carbovaris were a short-lived Hungarian indie rock band based in Budapest, Hungary formed in 2009.", "Carbovaris __knowledge__ The band consisted of members Ármin Jamak (vocals), Dániel Nyitray (bass), Soma Balázs (guitars), Zsombor Lehoczky (drums).", "Carbovaris __knowledge__ In 2012 the band's first LP was released entitled Milos.", "Carbovaris __knowledge__ In 2013, the band was nominated as the best new act in Hungary by the Viva TV.", "Carbovaris __knowledge__ On 6 December 2013, Carbovaris released two singles, \"Sand & Dust\" and \"Automatic/Pragmatic\", from their forthcoming album.", "Carbovaris __knowledge__ On 12 December 2013, Carbovaris played at the A38 in Budapest, Hungary.", "Carbovaris __knowledge__ The show was available on stream.", "Carbovaris __knowledge__ Carbovaris played their last show at the Gozsdu Manó Klub in Budapest on 31 January 2014.", "Miami Dolphins __knowledge__ The Miami Dolphins are a professional American football franchise based in the Miami metropolitan area.", "Miami Dolphins __knowledge__ The Dolphins compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member club of the league's American Football Conference (AFC) East division.", "Miami Dolphins __knowledge__ The Dolphins play their home games at Hard Rock Stadium in the northern suburb of Miami Gardens, Florida, and are headquartered in Davie, Florida.", "Miami Dolphins __knowledge__ The Dolphins are Florida's oldest professional sports team.", "Miami Dolphins __knowledge__ Of the four AFC East teams, they are the only team in the division that was not a charter member of the American Football League (AFL).", "Miami Dolphins __knowledge__ The Dolphins team was founded by attorney-politician Joe Robbie and actor-comedian Danny Thomas.", "Bottlenose dolphin __knowledge__ Bottlenose dolphins, the genus Tursiops, are the most common members of the family Delphinidae, the family of oceanic dolphin.", "Bottlenose dolphin __knowledge__ Molecular studies show the genus contains three species: the common bottlenose dolphin (\"Tursiops truncatus\"), the Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin (\"Tursiops aduncus\"), and the Burrunan dolphin (\"Tursiops australis\").", "Bottlenose dolphin __knowledge__ Bottlenose dolphins inhabit warm and temperate seas worldwide, being found everywhere except for the Arctic and Antarctic Circle regions.", "Bottlenose dolphin __knowledge__ Bottlenose dolphins live in groups typically of 10–30 members, called pods, but group size varies from single individuals up to more than 1,000.", "Oceanic dolphin __knowledge__ Oceanic dolphins or Delphinidae are a widely distributed family of dolphins that live in the sea.", "Oceanic dolphin __knowledge__ Thirty extant species are described.", "Oceanic dolphin __knowledge__ They include several big species whose common names contain \"whale\" rather than \"dolphin\", such as the killer whale and the pilot whales.", "Oceanic dolphin __knowledge__ Delphinidae is a family within the superfamily Delphinoidea, which also includes the porpoises (Phocoenidae) and the Monodontidae (beluga whale and narwhal).", "Oceanic dolphin __knowledge__ River dolphins are relatives of the Delphinoidea.", "Oceanic dolphin __knowledge__ Oceanic dolphins range in size from the -long and Maui's dolphin to the and killer whale, the largest known dolphin.", "Oceanic dolphin __knowledge__ Several species exhibit sexual dimorphism; the males are larger than females.", "Cetacea __knowledge__ Cetacea () are a widely distributed and diverse clade of aquatic mammals that today consists of the whales, dolphins, and porpoises.", "Cetacea __knowledge__ Cetaceans are carnivorous and finned.", "Cetacea __knowledge__ Most species live in the sea, some in rivers.", "Cetacea __knowledge__ The name is derived from the Latin \"cetus\" \"whale\", itself from the Greek κῆτος \"kētos\" \"huge fish\".", "Cetacea __knowledge__ There are around 89 extant species, which are divided into two groups or parvorders, the Odontoceti or toothed whales, a group of more than 70 species that includes the dolphins and porpoises, and the Mysticeti or baleen whales, of which there are now 15 species.", "Cetacea __knowledge__ The extinct ancestors of modern whales are the Archaeoceti.", "History of the Miami Dolphins __knowledge__ The Miami Dolphins are a professional American football franchise based in the Miami metropolitan area.", "History of the Miami Dolphins __knowledge__ The Dolphins compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member club of the league's American Football Conference (AFC) East division.", "History of the Miami Dolphins __knowledge__ The Dolphins team was founded by attorney-politician Joe Robbie and actor-comedian Danny Thomas.", "History of the Miami Dolphins __knowledge__ They began play in the AFL in 1966.", "History of the Miami Dolphins __knowledge__ The region had not had a professional football team since the days of the Miami Seahawks, who played in the All-America Football Conference in 1946 before becoming the first incarnation of the Baltimore Colts.", "History of the Miami Dolphins __knowledge__ The first professional American football team to be based in Miami and the state of Florida was the Miami Seahawks." ] ]

[ 1, 4, 7 ]

[ "My favorite mammal is a dolphin! There are so many kinds of dolphins that are widely distributed around the world!", "Yes they are! There are actually 40 species of dolphins to be exact!", "Personally no, not close up, which is odd considering I live in Florida and that dolphins can range from the size of relatively small to the size of a killer whale!" ]

[ "Dolphin", "Dolphin", "Dolphin" ]

[ "Algeria", "No I haven't. I've actually never been to Africa before. But that's cool though! What do you like more about your home country?", "Is it much of a tourist destination? Like, what kinds of places would you recommend I go see if I were to travel to Algeria?", "He must be a good president if he's lasted 19 years, and I guess that means there's either no presidential term limit, or it's just really long." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Algeria __knowledge__ Algeria ( '; '; ), officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, is a sovereign state in North Africa on the Mediterranean coast.", "Algeria __knowledge__ The capital and most populous city is Algiers, located in the far north of the country.", "Algeria __knowledge__ With an area of , Algeria is the tenth-largest country in the world, and the largest in Africa since South Sudan became independent from Sudan in 2011.", "Algeria __knowledge__ Algeria is bordered to the northeast by Tunisia, to the east by Libya, to the west by Morocco, to the southwest by the Western Saharan territory, Mauritania, and Mali, to the southeast by Niger, and to the north by the Mediterranean Sea.", "Algeria __knowledge__ The country is a semi-presidential republic consisting of 48 provinces and 1,541 communes (counties).", "Algeria __knowledge__ Abdelaziz Bouteflika has been President since 1999.", "Algeria __knowledge__ Ancient Algeria has known many empires and dynasties, including ancient Numidians, Phoenicians, Carthaginians, Romans, Vandals, Byzantines, Umayyads, Abbasids, Idrisid, Aghlabid, Rustamid, Fatimids, Zirid, Hammadids, Almoravids, Almohads, Spaniards, Ottomans and the French colonial empire.", "Algeria __knowledge__ Berbers are the indigenous inhabitants of Algeria.", "Algeria __knowledge__ Algeria is a regional and middle power.", "Algeria __knowledge__ The North African country supplies large amounts of natural gas to Europe, and energy exports are the backbone of the economy." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Algeria __knowledge__ Algeria ( '; '; ), officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, is a sovereign state in North Africa on the Mediterranean coast.", "Algeria __knowledge__ The capital and most populous city is Algiers, located in the far north of the country.", "Algeria __knowledge__ With an area of , Algeria is the tenth-largest country in the world, and the largest in Africa since South Sudan became independent from Sudan in 2011.", "Algeria __knowledge__ Algeria is bordered to the northeast by Tunisia, to the east by Libya, to the west by Morocco, to the southwest by the Western Saharan territory, Mauritania, and Mali, to the southeast by Niger, and to the north by the Mediterranean Sea.", "Algeria __knowledge__ The country is a semi-presidential republic consisting of 48 provinces and 1,541 communes (counties).", "Algeria __knowledge__ Abdelaziz Bouteflika has been President since 1999.", "Algeria __knowledge__ Ancient Algeria has known many empires and dynasties, including ancient Numidians, Phoenicians, Carthaginians, Romans, Vandals, Byzantines, Umayyads, Abbasids, Idrisid, Aghlabid, Rustamid, Fatimids, Zirid, Hammadids, Almoravids, Almohads, Spaniards, Ottomans and the French colonial empire.", "Algeria __knowledge__ Berbers are the indigenous inhabitants of Algeria.", "Algeria __knowledge__ Algeria is a regional and middle power.", "Algeria __knowledge__ The North African country supplies large amounts of natural gas to Europe, and energy exports are the backbone of the economy.", "Axis powers __knowledge__ The Axis powers (, , \"Sūjikukoku\"), also known as the Axis and the Rome–Berlin–Tokyo Axis, were the nations that fought in World War II against the Allied forces.", "Axis powers __knowledge__ The Axis powers agreed on their opposition to the Allies, but did not completely coordinate their activity.", "Axis powers __knowledge__ The Axis grew out of the diplomatic efforts of Germany, Italy, and Japan to secure their own specific expansionist interests in the mid-1930s.", "Axis powers __knowledge__ The first step was the treaty signed by Germany and Italy in October 1936.", "Axis powers __knowledge__ Benito Mussolini declared on 1 November that all other European countries would from then on rotate on the Rome–Berlin axis, thus creating the term \"Axis\".", "Kelly Clarkson __knowledge__ Kelly Brianne Clarkson (born April 24, 1982) is an American singer, songwriter, actress, and author.", "Kelly Clarkson __knowledge__ She rose to fame in 2002 after winning the inaugural season of the television series \"American Idol\", which earned her a record deal with RCA Records.", "Kelly Clarkson __knowledge__ Clarkson's debut single, \"Before Your Love/A Moment Like This\", topped the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart and became the best-selling single of 2002 in the nation.", "Kelly Clarkson __knowledge__ It was followed by the release of her debut studio album, \"Thankful\" (2003), which debuted at number one on the \"Billboard\" 200 chart.", "Kelly Clarkson __knowledge__ Trying to reinvent her image, Clarkson decided to part ways with \"American Idol\" management and developed a more pop rock sound for her second album, \"Breakaway\" (2004).", "Circular migration __knowledge__ Circular migration or repeat migration is the temporary and usually repetitive movement of a migrant worker between home and host areas, typically for the purpose of employment.", "Circular migration __knowledge__ It represents an established pattern of population mobility, whether cross-country or rural-urban.", "Circular migration __knowledge__ There are several benefits associated with this migration pattern, including gains in financial capital, human capital, and social capital.", "Circular migration __knowledge__ There also costs associated with circular migration, such as brain drain, poor working conditions, forced labor, and the inability to transfer acquired skills to home economies.", "Circular migration __knowledge__ Socially, there are strong connections to gender, health outcomes, development, poverty, and global immigration policy.", "Human capital flight __knowledge__ Human capital flight refers to the emigration of highly skilled or well-educated individuals.", "Human capital flight __knowledge__ The net benefits of human capital flight for the sending country are sometimes referred to as a \"brain gain\" whereas the net costs are sometimes referred to as a \"brain drain\".", "Human capital flight __knowledge__ Research shows that there are significant economic benefits of human capital flight both for the migrants themselves and those who remain in the country of origin.", "Human capital flight __knowledge__ It has been found that emigration of skilled individuals to the developing world contributes to greater education and innovation in the developing world.", "Human capital flight __knowledge__ Research also suggests that emigration, remittances and return migration can have a positive impact on democratization and the quality political institutions in the country of origin.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Libya __knowledge__ Libya (; , Berber: Libya or Libu), officially the State of Libya ( \"\"), is a sovereign state in the Maghreb region of North Africa, bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to the east, Sudan to the southeast, Chad and Niger to the south, and Algeria and Tunisia to the west.", "Libya __knowledge__ The country is made of three historical regions, Tripolitania, Fezzan and Cyrenaica.", "Libya __knowledge__ With an area of almost , Libya is the fourth largest country in Africa, and is the 16th largest country in the world.", "Libya __knowledge__ Libya has the 10th-largest proven oil reserves of any country in the world.", "Libya __knowledge__ Libya has been inhabited by Berbers since the late Bronze Age.", "List of 30 Rock characters __knowledge__ \"30 Rock\" is an American television comedy series created by Tina Fey, which aired on NBC.", "List of 30 Rock characters __knowledge__ The series takes place behind the scenes of a fictional live sketch comedy series, also airing on NBC; the name \"30 Rock\" refers to the address of the GE Building, where NBC Studios is located (30 Rockefeller Plaza).", "List of 30 Rock characters __knowledge__ The series has an ensemble cast consisting of 14 regular cast members: Tina Fey, Alec Baldwin, Tracy Morgan, Jane Krakowski, Jack McBrayer, Scott Adsit, Judah Friedlander, Katrina Bowden, Keith Powell, Lonny Ross, John Lutz, Kevin Brown, Grizz Chapman, and Maulik Pancholy.", "List of 30 Rock characters __knowledge__ The series features seven characters appearing during the opening credits: There are another seven characters not appearing during the opening credits but also receiving star billing.", "Berbers __knowledge__ Berbers or Amazighs ( \"Imaziɣen\"; singular: ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ \"Amaziɣ\" / \"Amazigh\") are an ethnic group indigenous to North Africa, primarily inhabiting the Maghreb.", "Berbers __knowledge__ They are distributed in an area stretching from the Atlantic Ocean to the Siwa Oasis in Egypt, and from the Mediterranean Sea to the Niger River in West Africa.", "Berbers __knowledge__ Historically, they spoke Berber languages, which together form the Berber branch of the Afroasiatic family.", "Berbers __knowledge__ Since the Muslim conquest of North Africa in the seventh century, a large number of Berbers inhabiting the Maghreb (Tamazgha) have in varying degrees used as lingua franca the other languages spoken in North Africa.", "Africa __knowledge__ Africa is the world's second largest and second most-populous continent (the first being Asia in both categories).", "Africa __knowledge__ At about 30.3 million km (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of its total land area.", "Africa __knowledge__ With /1e9 round 1 billion people as of , it accounts for about 16% of the world's human population.", "Africa __knowledge__ The continent is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, both the Suez Canal and the Red Sea along the Sinai Peninsula to the northeast, the Indian Ocean to the southeast and the Atlantic Ocean to the west.", "Africa __knowledge__ The continent includes Madagascar and various archipelagos.", "Charles de Gaulle __knowledge__ Charles André Joseph Marie de Gaulle (; 22 November 1890 – 9 November 1970) was a French general and statesman.", "Charles de Gaulle __knowledge__ He was the leader of Free France (1940–1944) and the head of the Provisional Government of the French Republic (1944–1946).", "Charles de Gaulle __knowledge__ In 1958, he founded the Fifth Republic and was elected as the President of France, a position he held until his resignation in 1969.", "Charles de Gaulle __knowledge__ He was the dominant figure of France during the Cold War era and his memory continues to influence French politics.", "Charles de Gaulle __knowledge__ Born in Lille, he graduated from Saint-Cyr in 1912.", "Charles de Gaulle __knowledge__ He was a decorated officer of the First World War, wounded several times, and later taken prisoner at Verdun.", "French Foreign Legion __knowledge__ The French Foreign Legion () (FFL; (), \"L.É.\")", "French Foreign Legion __knowledge__ is a military service branch of the French Army established in 1831, unique because it was created for foreign recruits willing to serve in the French Armed Forces.", "French Foreign Legion __knowledge__ The French Foreign Legion at origin was just another foreign formation () among so many others that had already served France.", "French Foreign Legion __knowledge__ Commanded by French officers, it is also open to French citizens, who amounted to 24% of the recruits in 2007.", "French Foreign Legion __knowledge__ The Foreign Legion is today known as a unit whose training focuses not only on traditional military skills but also on its strong \"esprit de corps\" as its men come from different countries with different cultures.", "Morocco __knowledge__ Morocco (; ; ; ), officially known as the Kingdom of Morocco (, lit.", "Morocco __knowledge__ \"The Western Kingdom\"; ), is a unitary sovereign state located in the Maghreb region of North Africa.", "Morocco __knowledge__ Geographically, Morocco is characterised by a rugged mountainous interior, large tracts of desert and a lengthy coastline along the Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea.", "Morocco __knowledge__ Morocco has a population of over 33.8 million and an area of .", "Morocco __knowledge__ Its capital is Rabat, and the largest city is Casablanca.", "Morocco __knowledge__ Other major cities include Marrakesh, Tangier, Salé, Fes, and Meknes.", "Morocco __knowledge__ A historically prominent regional power, Morocco has a history of independence not shared by its neighbours." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Algeria __knowledge__ Algeria ( '; '; ), officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, is a sovereign state in North Africa on the Mediterranean coast.", "Algeria __knowledge__ The capital and most populous city is Algiers, located in the far north of the country.", "Algeria __knowledge__ With an area of , Algeria is the tenth-largest country in the world, and the largest in Africa since South Sudan became independent from Sudan in 2011.", "Algeria __knowledge__ Algeria is bordered to the northeast by Tunisia, to the east by Libya, to the west by Morocco, to the southwest by the Western Saharan territory, Mauritania, and Mali, to the southeast by Niger, and to the north by the Mediterranean Sea.", "Algeria __knowledge__ The country is a semi-presidential republic consisting of 48 provinces and 1,541 communes (counties).", "Algeria __knowledge__ Abdelaziz Bouteflika has been President since 1999.", "Algeria __knowledge__ Ancient Algeria has known many empires and dynasties, including ancient Numidians, Phoenicians, Carthaginians, Romans, Vandals, Byzantines, Umayyads, Abbasids, Idrisid, Aghlabid, Rustamid, Fatimids, Zirid, Hammadids, Almoravids, Almohads, Spaniards, Ottomans and the French colonial empire.", "Algeria __knowledge__ Berbers are the indigenous inhabitants of Algeria.", "Algeria __knowledge__ Algeria is a regional and middle power.", "Algeria __knowledge__ The North African country supplies large amounts of natural gas to Europe, and energy exports are the backbone of the economy.", "Tourism in India by state __knowledge__ Tourism in India is economically important and is growing rapidly.", "Tourism in India by state __knowledge__ The World Travel & Tourism Council calculated that tourism generated or 9.6% of the nation's GDP in 2016 and supported 40.343 million jobs, 9.3% of its total employment.", "Tourism in India by state __knowledge__ The sector is predicted to grow at an annual rate of 6.8% to by 2027 (10% of GDP).", "Tourism in India by state __knowledge__ Various states and union territories of India attract tourists due to diversity among them.", "Tourism in India by state __knowledge__ Tourism is the major revenue generating industry in Andaman and Nicobar Islands.", "Tourism in India by state __knowledge__ According to official estimates, the flow of tourists in the Andamans was doubled to nearly 300,000 in 2012 from 130,000 in 2008–09.", "Tourism in Algeria __knowledge__ Algeria is the largest country on the African continent and the 10th largest country in terms of total area.", "Tourism in Algeria __knowledge__ Located in North Africa, one of the main tourist attractions is the Sahara, the second largest desert in the world.", "Tourism in Algeria __knowledge__ Some sand dunes can reach 180 meters in height This State has been a member of the World Tourism Organization since 1976, but tourism in Algeria is still in its infancy.", "Tourism in Algeria __knowledge__ Tourism revenues do not exceed 10% of gross domestic product and according to the report of the World Tourism Organization published in 2014, Algeria is the 4th tourist destination in Africa in 2013 with 2,7 million foreign tourists, and ranks 111st on the international tourism scene, according to the London-based World Tourism and Travel Council (WTTC).", "Tourism in Indonesia __knowledge__ Tourism in Indonesia is an important component of the Indonesian economy as well as a significant source of its foreign exchange revenues.", "Tourism in Indonesia __knowledge__ The vast country of sprawling archipelago has much to offer, from natural beauty, historical heritage to cultural diversity.", "Tourism in Indonesia __knowledge__ According to the World Travel and Tourism Council, the direct contribution of travel and tourism to Indonesia's GDP in 2014 was IDR 325,467 billion (US$26,162 million) constituting 3.2% of the total GDP.", "Tourism in Indonesia __knowledge__ By 2019, the Indonesian government wants to have doubled this figure to 8 percent of GDP and the number of visitors needs to double to about 20 million.", "Impacts of tourism __knowledge__ The study of the impact that tourism has on environment and communities involved is relatively new.", "Impacts of tourism __knowledge__ Impacts are not easily categorized, having direct and indirect components.", "Impacts of tourism __knowledge__ Also tourism is often seasonal, and impacts only become apparent after time, with varying effects, and at different stages of development.", "Impacts of tourism __knowledge__ There are three main categories.", "Impacts of tourism __knowledge__ Ecotourism, nature tourism, wildlife tourism, and adventure tourism take place in environments such as rain forests, high alpine, wilderness, lakes and rivers, coastlines and marine environments, as well as rural villages and coastline resorts.", "Impacts of tourism __knowledge__ Peoples' desire for more authentic and challenging experiences results in their destinations becoming more remote, to the few remaining pristine and natural environments left on the planet.", "Big Sur __knowledge__ Big Sur is a lightly populated, unincorporated region on California's Central Coast that is frequently praised for its rugged coastline and mountain views, where the Santa Lucia Mountains rise abruptly from the Pacific Ocean.", "Big Sur __knowledge__ The coast is the \"longest and most scenic stretch of undeveloped coastline in the [contiguous] United States,\" it has been described as a \"national treasure that demands extraordinary procedures to protect it from development\" and \"one of the most beautiful coastlines anywhere in the world, an isolated stretch of road, mythic in reputation.\"", "Big Sur __knowledge__ Big Sur's Cone Peak at 5,155 feet (1,571 m) is only 3 miles (5 km) from the ocean and the tallest coastal mountain in the contiguous United States.", "Morocco __knowledge__ Morocco (; ; ; ), officially known as the Kingdom of Morocco (, lit.", "Morocco __knowledge__ \"The Western Kingdom\"; ), is a unitary sovereign state located in the Maghreb region of North Africa.", "Morocco __knowledge__ Geographically, Morocco is characterised by a rugged mountainous interior, large tracts of desert and a lengthy coastline along the Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea.", "Morocco __knowledge__ Morocco has a population of over 33.8 million and an area of .", "Morocco __knowledge__ Its capital is Rabat, and the largest city is Casablanca.", "Morocco __knowledge__ Other major cities include Marrakesh, Tangier, Salé, Fes, and Meknes.", "Morocco __knowledge__ A historically prominent regional power, Morocco has a history of independence not shared by its neighbours.", "France __knowledge__ France (), officially the French Republic (, ), is a country whose territory consists of metropolitan France in western Europe, as well as several overseas regions and territories.", "France __knowledge__ The metropolitan area of France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean.", "France __knowledge__ The overseas territories include French Guiana in South America and several islands in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans.", "France __knowledge__ The country's 18 integral regions (five of which are situated overseas) span a combined area of which, as of October 2017, has a population of 67.15 million people.", "Middle power __knowledge__ In international relations, a middle power is a sovereign state that is not a superpower nor a great power, but still has large or moderate influence and international recognition.", "Middle power __knowledge__ The concept of the \"middle power\" dates back to the origins of the European state system.", "Middle power __knowledge__ In the late 16th century, Italian political thinker Giovanni Botero divided the world into three types of states – grandissime (empires), mezano (middle powers) and piccioli (small powers).", "Middle power __knowledge__ According to Botero, a mezano or middle power \"...has sufficient strength and authority to stand on its own without the need of help from others.\"", "Virginia State Route 156 __knowledge__ State Route 156 (SR 156) is a primary state highway in the U.S. state of Virginia.", "Virginia State Route 156 __knowledge__ The state highway runs from U.S. Route 301 (US 301) and SR 35 in Templeton north to US 360 Business in Mechanicsville.", "Virginia State Route 156 __knowledge__ SR 156 follows a circuitous route through the eastern part of the Richmond–Petersburg metropolitan area.", "Virginia State Route 156 __knowledge__ South of the James River, the state highway connects Templeton in Prince George County with Hopewell, which is directly served by SR 156 Business.", "Virginia State Route 156 __knowledge__ SR 156 crosses the James River on the Benjamin Harrison Memorial Bridge and briefly passes through Charles City County.", "Virginia State Route 156 __knowledge__ For most of its length in Henrico and Hanover, the state highway is a rural road that provides access to several units of Richmond National Battlefield Park.", "Maine State Route 156 __knowledge__ State Route 156 (SR 156) is a state highway in the U.S. state of Maine.", "Maine State Route 156 __knowledge__ It is located entirely in Franklin County and runs between Weld and the Chesterville village of Farmington Falls.", "Maine State Route 156 __knowledge__ SR 156 begins in the town of Weld at an intersection with SR 142.", "Maine State Route 156 __knowledge__ It heads southeast past a few houses and the Weld Town Hall in an otherwise rural area of Weld.", "Maine State Route 156 __knowledge__ It enters the unincorporated South Franklin heading through a mostly wooded area continuing south west.", "Maine State Route 156 __knowledge__ After entering Wilton the number of houses lining the road begins to slowly increase especially as it reaches the settlement of Wilton Intervale.", "Maine State Route 156 __knowledge__ Some small farms line the road as SR 156 heads towards downtown Wilton.", "Indiana State Road 156 __knowledge__ State Road 156 (SR 156) is a part of the Indiana State Road that runs between Vevay and Rising Sun, passing through Florence, in US state of Indiana.", "Indiana State Road 156 __knowledge__ The of SR 156 that lie within Indiana serve as a minor highway.", "Indiana State Road 156 __knowledge__ None of the highway is listed on the National Highway System.", "Indiana State Road 156 __knowledge__ SR 156 is mostly a rural two-lane highway, passing through farmland and residential properties.", "Indiana State Road 156 __knowledge__ SR 156 was first designated as a state road in 1931.", "Indiana State Road 156 __knowledge__ The highway replaced the original State Road 58 designation of the highway which dated back to 1927.", "Indiana State Road 156 __knowledge__ SR 58 ran from Vevay through Florence to Patriot and ended in Rising Sun.", "Indiana State Road 156 __knowledge__ SR 156 begins at an intersection with SR 56 in Vevay and it heads northeast.", "List of former state routes in Georgia (U.S. state) __knowledge__ This is a List of former state routes in the U.S. state of Georgia.", "List of former state routes in Georgia (U.S. state) __knowledge__ This list represents routes that traveled through the state but are no longer in operation, have been decommissioned, or have been renumbered.", "List of former state routes in Georgia (U.S. state) __knowledge__ State Route 1E (SR 1E) was a route in Floyd County extending along present-day Old Cedartown Road, Park Avenue, Maple Avenue, East Sixth Street, and 2nd Avenue from US 27/SR 1 to US 27/SR 1, as well as US 411/SR 53.", "List of former state routes in Georgia (U.S. state) __knowledge__ Originally part of US 27/SR 1, it was originally designated as SR 1 before being reassigned as SR 1E in 1955.", "List of former state routes in Georgia (U.S. state) __knowledge__ US 27/SR 1 had been relocated along former SR 1 Spur, which is present-day US 27/SR 1 from Old Cedartown Road to present-day US 411 in 1938 with the old route remaining as SR 1 through Lindale.", "Hungary __knowledge__ Hungary (; ) is a landlocked country in Central Europe which covers an area of in the Carpathian Basin, bordered by Slovakia to the north, Romania to the east, Serbia to the south, Croatia to the southwest, Slovenia to the west, Austria to the northwest, and Ukraine to the northeast.", "Hungary __knowledge__ With about 10 million inhabitants, Hungary is a medium-sized member state of the European Union.", "Hungary __knowledge__ The official language is Hungarian, which is the most widely spoken Uralic language in the world.", "Hungary __knowledge__ Hungary's capital and its largest city and metropolis is Budapest, a significant economic hub, classified as a leading global city.", "Georgia State Route 136 __knowledge__ State Route 136 (SR 136) is a state highway that travels west-to-east through portions of Dade, Walker, Gordon, Murray, Gilmer, Pickens, Dawson, and Hall counties in the northwestern and north-central parts of the U.S. state of Georgia.", "Georgia State Route 136 __knowledge__ The highway travels from its western terminus at SR 71 at the Alabama state line, west of Trenton, to its eastern terminus at SR 60 north-northwest of Gainesville.", "Georgia State Route 136 __knowledge__ SR 136 initially heads east from the Alabama state line, where it continues into Alabama as SR 71 in the direction of Higdon.", "Georgia State Route 136 __knowledge__ After passing the community of Gass, the route descends from about 1,600 feet down to under 1,000 feet elevation via two switchback turns as it approaches Trenton, the county seat of Dade County, which is located in the extreme northwest corner of the state of Georgia, bordering both Alabama and Tennessee." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Algeria __knowledge__ Algeria ( '; '; ), officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, is a sovereign state in North Africa on the Mediterranean coast.", "Algeria __knowledge__ The capital and most populous city is Algiers, located in the far north of the country.", "Algeria __knowledge__ With an area of , Algeria is the tenth-largest country in the world, and the largest in Africa since South Sudan became independent from Sudan in 2011.", "Algeria __knowledge__ Algeria is bordered to the northeast by Tunisia, to the east by Libya, to the west by Morocco, to the southwest by the Western Saharan territory, Mauritania, and Mali, to the southeast by Niger, and to the north by the Mediterranean Sea.", "Algeria __knowledge__ The country is a semi-presidential republic consisting of 48 provinces and 1,541 communes (counties).", "Algeria __knowledge__ Abdelaziz Bouteflika has been President since 1999.", "Algeria __knowledge__ Ancient Algeria has known many empires and dynasties, including ancient Numidians, Phoenicians, Carthaginians, Romans, Vandals, Byzantines, Umayyads, Abbasids, Idrisid, Aghlabid, Rustamid, Fatimids, Zirid, Hammadids, Almoravids, Almohads, Spaniards, Ottomans and the French colonial empire.", "Algeria __knowledge__ Berbers are the indigenous inhabitants of Algeria.", "Algeria __knowledge__ Algeria is a regional and middle power.", "Algeria __knowledge__ The North African country supplies large amounts of natural gas to Europe, and energy exports are the backbone of the economy.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Hillary Clinton, the nominee of the Democratic Party for president of the United States in 2016, has taken positions on political issues while serving as First Lady of Arkansas (1979–81; 1983–92), First Lady of the United States (1993–2001); as U.S.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Senator from New York (2001–2009); and serving as the United States Secretary of State (2009–2013).", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In accordance with longstanding custom, during her time as Secretary of State she largely avoided taking stances on most domestic political issues.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In 2015, she announced her candidacy for the presidency.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Clinton won the Democratic primaries and formally became the party's nominee at the 2016 Democratic National Convention.", "Term limits in the United States __knowledge__ Term limits in the United States apply to many offices at both the federal and state level, and date back to the American Revolution.", "Term limits in the United States __knowledge__ Term limits, also referred to as \"rotation in office\", restrict the number of terms of office an officeholder may hold.", "Term limits in the United States __knowledge__ Term limits date back to the American Revolution, and prior to that to the democracies and republics of antiquity.", "Term limits in the United States __knowledge__ The council of 500 in ancient Athens rotated its entire membership annually, as did the ephorate in ancient Sparta.", "Term limits in the United States __knowledge__ The ancient Roman Republic featured a system of elected magistrates—tribunes of the plebs, aediles, quaestors, praetors, and consuls —who served a single term of one year, with re-election to the same magistracy forbidden for ten years \"(see cursus honorum)\".", "Hugo Chávez __knowledge__ Hugo Rafael Chávez Frías (; 28 July 1954 – 5 March 2013) was a Venezuelan politician and revolutionary who was President of Venezuela from 1999 to 2013.", "Hugo Chávez __knowledge__ Chávez was also leader of the Fifth Republic Movement political party from its foundation in 1997 until 2007, when it merged with several other parties to form the United Socialist Party of Venezuela (PSUV), which he led until 2012.", "Hugo Chávez __knowledge__ Born into a working-class family in Sabaneta, Barinas, Chávez became a career military officer, and after becoming dissatisfied with the Venezuelan political system based on the Puntofijo Pact, he founded the clandestine Revolutionary Bolivarian Movement-200 (MBR-200) in the early 1980s.", "List of candidates in the Philippine presidential election, 2016 __knowledge__ This is a list of candidates in the Philippine presidential and vice presidential elections of 2016 .", "List of candidates in the Philippine presidential election, 2016 __knowledge__ These are people who submitted candidacies, and were allowed to run by the Commission on Elections and to be included in ballots.", "List of candidates in the Philippine presidential election, 2016 __knowledge__ When he was questioned by the media at the Coconut Palace in September 2011, Vice President Jejomar Binay (UNA) confirmed his plans to run for president.", "List of candidates in the Philippine presidential election, 2016 __knowledge__ By May 2014, Binay began his search for a running mate.", "List of candidates in the Philippine presidential election, 2016 __knowledge__ As his potential running mate Senator Jinggoy Estrada in jail due to his implication in the PDAF scam, Binay's offers were declined by JV Ejercito, Manny Villar (via wife Cynthia Villar), Vilma Santos (via husband Ralph Recto), Mar Roxas, Grace Poe, Rodrigo Duterte and Joseph Estrada.", "Brazilian presidential inauguration __knowledge__ The inauguration of the President of Brazil is composed of several ceremonies that happen in the same day.", "Brazilian presidential inauguration __knowledge__ Through democratic elections or coups, resignations and deaths, presidential inaugurations have been important events in Brazilian history.", "Brazilian presidential inauguration __knowledge__ The only essential part of the inauguration ceremonies, according to Brazil's Federal Constitution, is the taking of the constitutional oath of office before a joint session of the National Congress.", "Brazilian presidential inauguration __knowledge__ However, other ceremonies, such as a parade leading up to the arrival of the president-elect in Congress, the transfer of the presidential sash from the former president to the new holder of the office, and a presidential reception at night also take place in the case of planned inaugurations.", "History of Mexico __knowledge__ The history of Mexico, a country in the southern portion of North America, covers a period of more than three millennia.", "History of Mexico __knowledge__ First populated more than 13,000 years ago, the territory had complex indigenous civilizations before being conquered and colonized by the Spanish in the 16th century.", "History of Mexico __knowledge__ One of the important aspects of Mesoamerican civilizations was their development of a form of writing, so that Mexico's written history stretches back hundreds of years before the arrival of the Spaniards in 1519.", "History of Mexico __knowledge__ This era before the arrival of Europeans is called variously the prehispanic era or the precolumbian era.", "Supreme Executive Council of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania __knowledge__ The Supreme Executive Council of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania comprised the executive branch of the Pennsylvania State government between 1777 and 1790.", "Supreme Executive Council of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania __knowledge__ It was headed by a president and a vice-president (analogous to a governor and lieutenant governor, respectively).", "Supreme Executive Council of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania __knowledge__ The best-known member of the Council was Benjamin Franklin, who also served as its sixth president.", "Supreme Executive Council of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania __knowledge__ The 1776 Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania was framed by a constitutional convention called at the urging of the Continental Congress.", "Supreme Executive Council of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania __knowledge__ The convention began work in Philadelphia on July 15, 1776—less than two weeks following adoption of the Declaration of Independence.", "10cc __knowledge__ 10cc are an English rock band founded in Stockport who achieved their greatest commercial success in the 1970s.", "10cc __knowledge__ The band initially consisted of four musicians – Graham Gouldman, Eric Stewart, Kevin Godley, and Lol Creme – who had written and recorded together for some three years, before assuming the name \"10cc\" in 1972.", "10cc __knowledge__ 10cc featured two songwriting teams, one \"commercial\" and one \"artistic\".", "10cc __knowledge__ Stewart and Gouldman were predominantly pop-songwriters, who created most of the band's accessible songs.", "10cc __knowledge__ By way of contrast, Godley and Creme were the predominantly experimental half of 10cc, featuring an Art School sensibility and cinematically inspired writing.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Robert James Smith (born 21 April 1959) is an English singer, songwriter and musician.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ He is the lead singer, guitarist, multi instrumentalist, lyricist, principal songwriter and only consistent member of the rock band The Cure, which he co-founded in 1976.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ He was also the lead guitarist for the band Siouxsie and the Banshees from 1982 to 1984 and was part of the short-lived group The Glove in 1983.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Smith is known for his distinctive voice and unique stage look, the latter of which was influential on the Goth subculture that rose to prominence in the 1980s.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Smith was born in the Lancashire town of Blackpool and is the third of four children born to James Alexander and Rita Mary (née Emmott) Smith.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ This Is England '86 is a 2010 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne, a spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\".", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Set three years later, it focuses on the mod revival scene rather than the skinhead subculture, with the gang variously adopting an eclectic mix of clothing styles.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Like the film version previously, Thomas Turgoose stars as Shaun, with central roles played by Joe Gilgun as Woody, now a scooter-riding mod, although girlfriend Lol (Vicky McClure) and her friend Trev stay loyal to their roots and still wear the skinhead garb.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Lol's sister Kelly has gone new wave/punk, while other gang members adopt psychobilly, early chav and mohican influences.", "Kingdom of Ait Abbas __knowledge__ The kingdom of the Ait Abbas or sultanate of the Beni Abbas, in (Berber (phonetic) tagelda n At Ɛebbas, ⵜⴰⴳⴻⵍⴷⴰ ⵏ ⴰⵜ ⵄⴻⴱⴱⴰⵙ; Arabic: salṭanat Beni Ɛabbas, سلطنة بني عباس), is a former berber state of North Africa, then a fief and a principality, controlling Lesser Kabylie and its surroundings from the sixteenth century to the nineteenth century.", "Kingdom of Ait Abbas __knowledge__ It is referred to in the Spanish historiography as \"reino de Labes\"; sometimes more commonly referred to by its ruling family, the Mokrani, in Berber \"At Muqran\", in Arabic \"أولاد مقران (Ouled Moqrane)\".", "Kingdom of Ait Abbas __knowledge__ Its capital was the Kalâa of Ait Abbas, an impregnable citadel in the Biban mountain range.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Joseph Jacques Jean Chrétien (born January 11, 1934), known commonly as Jean Chrétien (), is a Canadian politician who served as the 20th Prime Minister of Canada from November 4, 1993, to December 12, 2003.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Born and raised in Shawinigan, Quebec, Chrétien is a law graduate from Université Laval.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He was first elected to the Canadian House of Commons in 1963.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He served in various cabinet posts under prime minister Pierre Trudeau, most prominently as Minister of Justice, Minister of Finance, and Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He also served as deputy prime minister in John Turner's short-lived government.", "LOL __knowledge__ LOL, or lol, is an acronym for laugh(ing) out loud or lots of laughs, and a popular element of Internet slang.", "LOL __knowledge__ It was first used almost exclusively on Usenet, but has since become widespread in other forms of computer-mediated communication and even face-to-face communication.", "LOL __knowledge__ It is one of many initialisms for expressing bodily reactions, in particular laughter, as text, including initialisms for more emphatic expressions of laughter such as LMAO (\"laugh(ing) my ass off\") and ROFL (or its older form ROTFL; \"roll(ing) on the floor laughing\").", "LOL __knowledge__ Other unrelated expansions include the now mostly obsolete \"lots of luck\" or \"lots of love\" used in letter-writing." ] ]

[ 1, 9, 6, 5 ]

[ "You ever been to the sovereign state in North Africa on the Mediterreanean? That's where I am from. Algeria ", "I like that we are regional and middle power. We have a good set of people there, way friendly too", "It's really not, or maybe I feel that way since I have been here so long lol. We do things so different here, had the same president (Abdelaziz Boutefliks) since 1999. I love that", "Yes and out counrty is a semi-presidential republic consisting of 48 provinces and 1,541 communes (countries) not many people even know that." ]

[ "Algeria", "Algeria", "Algeria", "Algeria" ]

[ "Sunset", "Me too, especially at the beach with it shining onto the water.", "Cool, what was the song about specifically? I assume something to do with sunsets haha." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sunset __knowledge__ Sunset or sundown is the daily disappearance of the Sun below the horizon as a result of Earth's rotation.", "Sunset __knowledge__ The Sun will set exactly due west at the equator on the spring and fall equinoxes, each of which occurs only once a year.", "Sunset __knowledge__ The time of sunset is defined in astronomy as the moment when the trailing edge of the Sun's disk disappears below the horizon.", "Sunset __knowledge__ Near to the horizon, atmospheric refraction causes the ray path of light from the Sun to be distorted to such an extent that geometrically the Sun's disk is already about one diameter below the horizon when a sunset is observed.", "Sunset __knowledge__ Sunset is distinct from twilight, which has three phases, the first being \"civil\" twilight, which begins once the Sun has disappeared below the horizon, and continues until it descends to 6 degrees below the horizon; the second phase is \"nautical\" twilight, between 6 and 12 degrees below the horizon; and the third is \"astronomical\" twilight, which is the period when the Sun is between 12 and 18 degrees below the horizon.", "Sunset __knowledge__ \"Dusk\" is at the very end of astronomical twilight, and is the darkest moment of twilight just before night.", "Sunset __knowledge__ Night occurs when the Sun reaches 18 degrees below the horizon and no longer illuminates the sky." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sunset __knowledge__ Sunset or sundown is the daily disappearance of the Sun below the horizon as a result of Earth's rotation.", "Sunset __knowledge__ The Sun will set exactly due west at the equator on the spring and fall equinoxes, each of which occurs only once a year.", "Sunset __knowledge__ The time of sunset is defined in astronomy as the moment when the trailing edge of the Sun's disk disappears below the horizon.", "Sunset __knowledge__ Near to the horizon, atmospheric refraction causes the ray path of light from the Sun to be distorted to such an extent that geometrically the Sun's disk is already about one diameter below the horizon when a sunset is observed.", "Sunset __knowledge__ Sunset is distinct from twilight, which has three phases, the first being \"civil\" twilight, which begins once the Sun has disappeared below the horizon, and continues until it descends to 6 degrees below the horizon; the second phase is \"nautical\" twilight, between 6 and 12 degrees below the horizon; and the third is \"astronomical\" twilight, which is the period when the Sun is between 12 and 18 degrees below the horizon.", "Sunset __knowledge__ \"Dusk\" is at the very end of astronomical twilight, and is the darkest moment of twilight just before night.", "Sunset __knowledge__ Night occurs when the Sun reaches 18 degrees below the horizon and no longer illuminates the sky.", "Bomboniere __knowledge__ Bomboniere (Italian bomboniera, from the french bonbonnière, a box containing \"bonbons\" (candies)) also known as \"favors\", are gifts given by hosts to their guests on special occasions such as bar and bat mitzvahs, weddings, baptism, First Communion or Confirmation.", "Bomboniere __knowledge__ They usually include Jordan almonds, known in Italian as Confetti.", "Bomboniere __knowledge__ Five sugared almonds symbolize health, wealth, happiness, fertility and long life.", "Bomboniere __knowledge__ Confetti can be made in many forms using several different ingredients.", "Bomboniere __knowledge__ Sugared almonds are put inside a bag made of tulle or satin and tied with ribbons in assorted colors.", "Bomboniere __knowledge__ The colour of sugared almonds is white for a wedding, First Communion or Confirmation; pink or light-blue for birthday or Baptism of a baby girl or baby boy, respectively, red for a graduation, and silver or gold for 25 or 50 year anniversaries.", "Portrait photography __knowledge__ Portrait photography or portraiture in photography is a photograph of a person or group of people that captures the personality of the subject by using effective lighting, backdrops, and poses.", "Portrait photography __knowledge__ A portrait picture might be artistic, or it might be clinical, as part of a medical study.", "Portrait photography __knowledge__ Frequently, portraits are commissioned for special occasions, such as weddings or school events.", "Portrait photography __knowledge__ Portraits can serve many purposes, from usage on a personal Web site to display in the lobby of a business.", "Portrait photography __knowledge__ The relatively low cost of the daguerreotype in the middle of the 19th century and the reduced sitting time for the subject, though still much longer than now, led to a general rise in the popularity of portrait photography over painted portraiture.", "Pencarnisiog __knowledge__ Pencarnisiog is a village in the community of Llanfaelog, Ynys Môn, Wales, which is 132.9 miles (213.8 km) from Cardiff and 218.5 miles (351.6 km) from London.", "Pencarnisiog __knowledge__ There is a primary school, Ysgol Gynradd Pencarnisiog, in the village, founded in 1911.", "Shining Path __knowledge__ The Communist Party of Peru (), more commonly known as the Shining Path (), is a communist militant group in Peru.", "Shining Path __knowledge__ When it first launched the internal conflict in Peru in 1980, its stated goal was to replace the bourgeois democracy with \"New Democracy\".", "Shining Path __knowledge__ The Shining Path believed that by establishing a dictatorship of the proletariat, inducing cultural revolution, and eventually sparking world revolution, they could arrive at pure communism.", "Shining Path __knowledge__ Their representatives stated that existing socialist countries were revisionist, and that the Shining Path were the vanguard of the world communist movement.", "Tondo (historical polity) __knowledge__ In early Philippine history, the Tagalog settlement at Tondo (; Baybayin: ; ) was a major trade hub located on the northern part of the Pasig River delta, on Luzon island.", "Tondo (historical polity) __knowledge__ It is referred to in academic circles as the \"Tondo polity\" or \"Tondo settlement\", and the earliest Tagalog dictionaries categorized it as a \"Bayan\" (\"country\" or \"polity\", \"lit.\"", "Tondo (historical polity) __knowledge__ \"settlement\").", "Tondo (historical polity) __knowledge__ Travellers from monarchical cultures who had contacts with Tondo (including the Chinese, Portuguese and the Spanish) often initially mistakenly labelled it as the \"Kingdom of Tondo\".", "Tondo (historical polity) __knowledge__ Early Augustinian chronicler Pedro de San Buenaventura explained this to be an error as early as 1613 in his \"Vocabulario de la Lengua Tagala\", but historian Vicente L. Rafael notes that the label was nevertheless later adapted by the popular literature of the Spanish colonial era because Spanish language writers of the time did not have the appropriate words for describing the complex power relations on which Maritime Southeast Asian leadership structures were built.", "Effects of Hurricane Irma in Florida __knowledge__ The effects of Hurricane Irma in Florida were the costliest in the state's history.", "Effects of Hurricane Irma in Florida __knowledge__ Hurricane Irma developed from a tropical wave near the Cape Verde Islands on August 30.", "Effects of Hurricane Irma in Florida __knowledge__ The storm quickly became a hurricane on August 31 and then a major hurricane shortly thereafter, but would oscillate in intensity over the next few days.", "Effects of Hurricane Irma in Florida __knowledge__ By September 4, Irma resumed strengthening, and became a powerful Category 5 hurricane on the following day.", "Effects of Hurricane Irma in Florida __knowledge__ The cyclone then struck Sint Maarten and the British Virgin Islands on September 6 and later crossed Little Inagua in the Bahamas on September 8.", "Effects of Hurricane Irma in Florida __knowledge__ Irma briefly weakened to a Category 4, but re-intensified into a Category 5 hurricane before making landfall in the Sabana-Camagüey Archipelago of Cuba.", "The Shining (film) __knowledge__ The Shining is a 1980 horror film produced and directed by Stanley Kubrick and co-written with novelist Diane Johnson.", "The Shining (film) __knowledge__ The film is based on Stephen King's 1977 novel \"The Shining\".", "The Shining (film) __knowledge__ \"The Shining\" is about Jack Torrance (Jack Nicholson), an aspiring writer and recovering alcoholic, who accepts a position as the off-season caretaker of the isolated historic Overlook Hotel in the Colorado Rockies.", "The Shining (film) __knowledge__ Wintering over with Jack is his wife Wendy Torrance (Shelley Duvall) and young son Danny Torrance (Danny Lloyd), who possesses \"the shining\", an array of psychic abilities that allow Danny to see the hotel's horrific past.", "Shakin' Stevens and the Sunsets __knowledge__ Shakin' Stevens and the Sunsets were a rock and roll group formed in Cardiff, Wales in 1969.", "Shakin' Stevens and the Sunsets __knowledge__ Although most notable now for their lead singer Shakin' Stevens, who went on to become one of the UK's most popular artists of the 1980s, the band released several records and toured extensively throughout the 1970s.", "Shakin' Stevens and the Sunsets __knowledge__ A version of the Sunsets, containing original members, still tours annually in the UK, Europe and Australia.", "Shakin' Stevens and the Sunsets __knowledge__ Shakin' Stevens and the Sunsets evolved from the rock and roll scene in and around the Penarth and Ely areas just outside Cardiff.", "Shakin' Stevens and the Sunsets __knowledge__ One of its leading lights since the late 1950s was the Backbeats, a band fronted by Robert Llewellyn (who performed under the name of Rockin' Louie) and managed by Paul 'Legs' Barrett, a local entrepreneur and \"card-carrying Communist\".", "Thomas Aynscombe __knowledge__ Thomas Aynscombe was an early-18th-century Dunstable and Smithfield, London landlord and minor benefactor.", "Thomas Aynscombe __knowledge__ Thomas Aynscombe (died October 1740) of Charterhouse yard, and Northall in Buckinghamshire, was the son of Henry Aynscombe (died 1697), of St. Mary Woolnoth (where he was buried, in the chancel), citizen and haberdasher of London, by his wife Elizabeth (died 1711), daughter of Thomas Chew, Dunstable haberdasher, who had married Elizabeth, daughter of William Marsh of Dunstable in 1639.", "Thomas Aynscombe __knowledge__ His mother, Elizabeth Chew (aka Mrs. Henry Aynscombe), was one of the three sisters and coheirs of William Chew (another brother Thomas Chew, of Dunstable, (died 20 July 1698, aged 52 (Neve)), distiller, of Dunstable, who died unmarried and intestate 18 March 1712/13, aged 58, leaving an estate worth £28,000, this included property in St. John Street, Smithfield, and several coaching inns in Dunstable, the \"Windmill and Still\" (theirs since the 17th century [V.C.H.", "Analemma __knowledge__ In astronomy, an analemma (; from Greek \"analēmma\" \"support\") is a diagram showing the variation of the position of the Sun in the sky over the course of a year, as viewed at a fixed time of day and from a fixed location on the Earth.", "Analemma __knowledge__ The north–south component of the analemma is due to change of the Sun's declination caused by the tilt of the Earth's axis, and the east–west component is due to nonuniform rate of change of the Sun's right ascension, governed by combined effects of axial tilt and Earth's orbital eccentricity.", "Analemma __knowledge__ The diagram has the form of a slender figure eight, and can often be found on globes of the Earth.", "Archaeoastronomy __knowledge__ Archaeoastronomy (also spelled archeoastronomy) is the study of how people in the past \"have understood the phenomena in the sky, how they used these phenomena and what role the sky played in their cultures\".", "Archaeoastronomy __knowledge__ Clive Ruggles argues it is misleading to consider archaeoastronomy to be the study of ancient astronomy, as modern astronomy is a scientific discipline, while archaeoastronomy considers symbolically rich cultural interpretations of phenomena in the sky by other cultures.", "Archaeoastronomy __knowledge__ It is often twinned with \"ethnoastronomy\", the anthropological study of skywatching in contemporary societies.", "Archaeoastronomy __knowledge__ Archaeoastronomy is also closely associated with historical astronomy, the use of historical records of heavenly events to answer astronomical problems and the history of astronomy, which uses written records to evaluate past astronomical practice.", "Mirage of astronomical objects __knowledge__ A mirage of an astronomical object is a naturally occurring optical phenomenon, in which light rays are bent to produce distorted or multiple images of an astronomical object.", "Mirage of astronomical objects __knowledge__ The mirages might be observed for such astronomical objects as the Sun, the Moon, the planets, bright stars and very bright comets.", "Mirage of astronomical objects __knowledge__ The most commonly observed are sunset and sunrise mirages.", "Mirage of astronomical objects __knowledge__ Mirages are distinguished from other refraction phenomena.", "Mirage of astronomical objects __knowledge__ One of the most prominent features of mirages is that a mirage might only produce images vertically, not sideways, while a simple refraction might distort and bend the images in any way.", "Sunsets (song) __knowledge__ \"Sunsets\" is a song released as the third single from Australian rock band Powderfinger's fifth studio album, \"Vulture Street\".", "Sunsets (song) __knowledge__ The single was released on 4 January 2004 in Australia and New Zealand.", "Sunsets (song) __knowledge__ \"Sunsets\" earned a mixed response from reviewers.", "Sunsets (song) __knowledge__ Some reviewers praised its appeal and aggression, whilst others appreciated the power ballad elements within it.", "Sunsets (song) __knowledge__ Others, however, described the song negatively as \"lumbering\".", "Sunsets (song) __knowledge__ \"Sunsets\" charted moderately, reaching No.", "Sunsets (song) __knowledge__ 11 on the Australian singles chart.", "Sunsets (song) __knowledge__ \"Vulture Street\" was recorded and developed over a seven-week period in Sydney, Australia.", "Sunsets (song) __knowledge__ It was during this time that \"Sunsets\" was written and produced." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sunset __knowledge__ Sunset or sundown is the daily disappearance of the Sun below the horizon as a result of Earth's rotation.", "Sunset __knowledge__ The Sun will set exactly due west at the equator on the spring and fall equinoxes, each of which occurs only once a year.", "Sunset __knowledge__ The time of sunset is defined in astronomy as the moment when the trailing edge of the Sun's disk disappears below the horizon.", "Sunset __knowledge__ Near to the horizon, atmospheric refraction causes the ray path of light from the Sun to be distorted to such an extent that geometrically the Sun's disk is already about one diameter below the horizon when a sunset is observed.", "Sunset __knowledge__ Sunset is distinct from twilight, which has three phases, the first being \"civil\" twilight, which begins once the Sun has disappeared below the horizon, and continues until it descends to 6 degrees below the horizon; the second phase is \"nautical\" twilight, between 6 and 12 degrees below the horizon; and the third is \"astronomical\" twilight, which is the period when the Sun is between 12 and 18 degrees below the horizon.", "Sunset __knowledge__ \"Dusk\" is at the very end of astronomical twilight, and is the darkest moment of twilight just before night.", "Sunset __knowledge__ Night occurs when the Sun reaches 18 degrees below the horizon and no longer illuminates the sky.", "Shakin' Stevens and the Sunsets __knowledge__ Shakin' Stevens and the Sunsets were a rock and roll group formed in Cardiff, Wales in 1969.", "Shakin' Stevens and the Sunsets __knowledge__ Although most notable now for their lead singer Shakin' Stevens, who went on to become one of the UK's most popular artists of the 1980s, the band released several records and toured extensively throughout the 1970s.", "Shakin' Stevens and the Sunsets __knowledge__ A version of the Sunsets, containing original members, still tours annually in the UK, Europe and Australia.", "Shakin' Stevens and the Sunsets __knowledge__ Shakin' Stevens and the Sunsets evolved from the rock and roll scene in and around the Penarth and Ely areas just outside Cardiff.", "Shakin' Stevens and the Sunsets __knowledge__ One of its leading lights since the late 1950s was the Backbeats, a band fronted by Robert Llewellyn (who performed under the name of Rockin' Louie) and managed by Paul 'Legs' Barrett, a local entrepreneur and \"card-carrying Communist\".", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Ha Dong-hoon (; born on August 20, 1979), better known by his stage name Haha (), is a South Korean singer, variety show host and member of Skull & Haha.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He is best known for being in the sitcom, \"Nonstop\" and for co-hosting two popular variety programs, MBC's \"Infinite Challenge\" and SBS's \"Running Man\".", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He has also hosted his own show, titled \"Ya Man TV\" on Mnet in 2015.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Haha was born on August 20, 1979 in Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, West Germany and moved to Seoul, South Korea when he was an infant.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ His parents are both Korean, with his mother holding a doctorate in psychology, and he has an older sister, Ha Juri () who is a pianist, also with a doctorate.", "AZERTY __knowledge__ AZERTY is a specific layout for the characters of the Latin alphabet on typewriter keys and computer keyboards.", "AZERTY __knowledge__ The layout takes its name from the first six letters to appear on the first row of alphabetical keys.", "AZERTY __knowledge__ Like the German QWERTZ layout, it is modelled on the English QWERTY layout.", "AZERTY __knowledge__ It is used by most French speakers based in Europe, though France and Belgium each have their own national variations on the layout.", "AZERTY __knowledge__ Luxembourg and Switzerland use the Swiss QWERTZ keyboard.", "AZERTY __knowledge__ Most of the residents of Quebec, the mainly French-speaking province of Canada, use a QWERTY keyboard that has been adapted to the French language such as the Multilingual Standard keyboard CAN/CSA Z243.200-92 which is stipulated by the government of Quebec and the Government of Canada.", "QWERTY __knowledge__ QWERTY is a keyboard design for Latin-script alphabets.", "QWERTY __knowledge__ The name comes from the order of the first six keys on the top left letter row of the keyboard ( ).", "QWERTY __knowledge__ The QWERTY design is based on a layout created for the Sholes and Glidden typewriter and sold to Remington in 1873.", "QWERTY __knowledge__ It became popular with the success of the Remington No.", "QWERTY __knowledge__ 2 of 1878, and remains in widespread use.", "QWERTY __knowledge__ The QWERTY layout was devised and created in the early 1870s by Christopher Latham Sholes, a newspaper editor and printer who lived in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.", "QWERTY __knowledge__ In October 1867, Sholes filed a patent application for his early writing machine he developed with the assistance of his friends Carlos Glidden and Samuel W. Soulé.", "Thomas Aynscombe __knowledge__ Thomas Aynscombe was an early-18th-century Dunstable and Smithfield, London landlord and minor benefactor.", "Thomas Aynscombe __knowledge__ Thomas Aynscombe (died October 1740) of Charterhouse yard, and Northall in Buckinghamshire, was the son of Henry Aynscombe (died 1697), of St. Mary Woolnoth (where he was buried, in the chancel), citizen and haberdasher of London, by his wife Elizabeth (died 1711), daughter of Thomas Chew, Dunstable haberdasher, who had married Elizabeth, daughter of William Marsh of Dunstable in 1639.", "Thomas Aynscombe __knowledge__ His mother, Elizabeth Chew (aka Mrs. Henry Aynscombe), was one of the three sisters and coheirs of William Chew (another brother Thomas Chew, of Dunstable, (died 20 July 1698, aged 52 (Neve)), distiller, of Dunstable, who died unmarried and intestate 18 March 1712/13, aged 58, leaving an estate worth £28,000, this included property in St. John Street, Smithfield, and several coaching inns in Dunstable, the \"Windmill and Still\" (theirs since the 17th century [V.C.H.", "Sunsets (song) __knowledge__ \"Sunsets\" is a song released as the third single from Australian rock band Powderfinger's fifth studio album, \"Vulture Street\".", "Sunsets (song) __knowledge__ The single was released on 4 January 2004 in Australia and New Zealand.", "Sunsets (song) __knowledge__ \"Sunsets\" earned a mixed response from reviewers.", "Sunsets (song) __knowledge__ Some reviewers praised its appeal and aggression, whilst others appreciated the power ballad elements within it.", "Sunsets (song) __knowledge__ Others, however, described the song negatively as \"lumbering\".", "Sunsets (song) __knowledge__ \"Sunsets\" charted moderately, reaching No.", "Sunsets (song) __knowledge__ 11 on the Australian singles chart.", "Sunsets (song) __knowledge__ \"Vulture Street\" was recorded and developed over a seven-week period in Sydney, Australia.", "Sunsets (song) __knowledge__ It was during this time that \"Sunsets\" was written and produced.", "Lagrangian coherent structure __knowledge__ Lagrangian coherent structures (LCSs) are distinguished surfaces of trajectories in a dynamical system that exert a major influence on nearby trajectories over a time interval of interest.", "Lagrangian coherent structure __knowledge__ The type of this influence may vary, but it invariably creates a coherent trajectory pattern for which the underlying LCS serves as a theoretical centerpiece.", "Lagrangian coherent structure __knowledge__ In observations of tracer patterns in nature, one readily identifies coherent features, but it is often the underlying structure creating these features that is of interest.", "Lagrangian coherent structure __knowledge__ As illustrated on the right, individual tracer trajectories forming coherent patterns are generally sensitive with respect to changes in their initial conditions and the system parameters.", "Slade __knowledge__ Slade are an English rock band from Wolverhampton.", "Slade __knowledge__ They rose to prominence during the glam rock era in the early 1970s, achieving 17 consecutive top 20 hits and six number ones on the UK Singles Chart.", "Slade __knowledge__ The \"British Hit Singles & Albums\" names them as the most successful British group of the 1970s based on sales of singles.", "Slade __knowledge__ They were the first act to have three singles enter the charts at number one; all six of the band's chart-toppers were penned by Noddy Holder and Jim Lea.", "Slade __knowledge__ As of 2006, total UK sales stand at 6,520,171, and their best-selling single, \"Merry Xmas Everybody\", has sold in excess of one million copies.", "1999 in British music __knowledge__ This is a summary of 1999 in music in the United Kingdom, including the official charts from that year.", "1999 in British music __knowledge__ The most successful album, \"Come on Over\" by Shania Twain, spent a cumulative total of ten weeks at the top, followed by Boyzone's \"By Request\" with nine weeks in total.", "1999 in British music __knowledge__ In the singles chart Ricky Martin's \"Livin' La Vida Loca\", Eiffel 65's \"Blue (Da Ba Dee)\" and Cliff Richard's \"The Millennium Prayer\" all topped the singles charts for three weeks, the joint longest time at number one during 1999.", "1999 in British music __knowledge__ This year also saw the return of American Rock/New Wave band Blondie and their number one single \"Maria\".", "Brooks & Dunn __knowledge__ Brooks & Dunn is an American country music duo consisting of Kix Brooks and Ronnie Dunn, both vocalists and songwriters.", "Brooks & Dunn __knowledge__ The duo was founded in 1990 through the suggestion of Tim DuBois.", "Brooks & Dunn __knowledge__ Before the foundation, both members were solo recording artists.", "Brooks & Dunn __knowledge__ Brooks wrote number one singles for John Conlee, Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, and Highway 101; both he and Dunn also charted two solo singles apiece in the 1980s, with Brooks also releasing an album for Capitol Records in 1989.", "Brooks & Dunn __knowledge__ However, they began hitting the charts together in 1991.", "Brooks & Dunn __knowledge__ Signed to Arista Nashville in 1991, the duo has recorded ten studio albums, one Christmas album, and three compilation albums for the label.", "Rock music in Australia __knowledge__ Australian rock, also called Oz rock, is rock music from Australia.", "Rock music in Australia __knowledge__ The nation has a rich history of rock music and an appreciation of the roots of various rock genres, usually originating in the United States or Britain, but also Ireland, continental Europe, and more recently the musical styles of Africa.", "Rock music in Australia __knowledge__ Australian rock has also contributed to the development of some of these genres, as well as having its own unique Australiana sound with pub rock and its indigenous music.", "Rock music in Australia __knowledge__ From 1955 to 1975 three distinct \"waves\" of Australian rock occurred.", "Rock music in Australia __knowledge__ The first wave was from 1955 to 1963 and was influenced by American and British styles with local variants provided by artists such as Johnny O'Keefe, who had a hit with \"Wild One\", which appeared in July 1958.", "Love? __knowledge__ Love?", "Love? __knowledge__ is the seventh studio album by American singer Jennifer Lopez.", "Love? __knowledge__ It was released on April 29, 2011 by Island Records.", "Love? __knowledge__ Produced during the pregnancy of her twins Emme and Max, \"Love?\"", "Love? __knowledge__ was cited by Lopez as her most personal album to date, taking inspiration from the birth of her twins and her own experiences with love.", "Love? __knowledge__ Recording for the album began in 2009, with an original release date for the project set for January 2010 by Epic Records to coincide with Lopez's film \"The Back-up Plan\".", "Love? __knowledge__ However following the lack of success with lead single \"Louboutins\", Lopez and Epic Records parted ways, leaving the fate of \"Love?\"", "ABBA __knowledge__ ABBA () were a Swedish pop group, formed in Stockholm in 1972 by Agnetha Fältskog, Björn Ulvaeus, Benny Andersson, and Anni-Frid Lyngstad: the group name derives from the first letter in each of their names.", "ABBA __knowledge__ They became one of the most commercially successful acts in the history of popular music, topping the charts worldwide from 1974 to 1982.", "ABBA __knowledge__ ABBA won the Eurovision Song Contest 1974 at The Dome in Brighton, UK, giving Sweden its first triumph in the contest.", "ABBA __knowledge__ They are the most successful group to have taken part in the competition.", "ABBA __knowledge__ ABBA are estimated to have sold 340 to over 500 million records, making them one of the best-selling music artists of all time." ] ]

[ 1, 0, 7 ]

[ "I thoroughly love sunsets and the way the sun just completely disappears below the horizon. Absolutely beautiful.", "Do you know that there was a song called Sunsets that made number 11 on the Australian charts", "Haha one can only hope. I think the reason why I like sunsets so much is that it ushers in the night which occurs when the sun gets to 18 degrees below the horizon." ]

[ "Sunset", "Sunset", "Sunset" ]

[ "Factory\nhi. have you been to any factories?", "my dad worked in an icecream factory and as a kid, it was a dream ", "yea. I rememeber as a kid my school would take us to like cocacola factories and stuff like that. i loved it ", "yea. now everything is done with machinary compared to physical work I guess", "yea. the factory where it happened is quite close to where i live so might go visit " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Factory __knowledge__ A factory (previously manufactory) or manufacturing plant is an industrial site, usually consisting of buildings and machinery, or more commonly a complex having several buildings, where workers manufacture goods or operate machines processing one product into another.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories arose with the introduction of machinery during the Industrial Revolution when the capital and space requirements became too great for cottage industry or workshops.", "Factory __knowledge__ Early factories that contained small amounts of machinery, such as one or two spinning mules, and fewer than a dozen workers have been called \"glorified workshops\".", "Factory __knowledge__ Most modern factories have large warehouses or warehouse-like facilities that contain heavy equipment used for assembly line production.", "Factory __knowledge__ Large factories tend to be located with access to multiple modes of transportation, with some having rail, highway and water loading and unloading facilities.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories may either make discrete products or some type of material continuously produced such as chemicals, pulp and paper, or refined oil products.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories manufacturing chemicals are often called \"plants\" and may have most of their equipment – tanks, pressure vessels, chemical reactors, pumps and piping – outdoors and operated from control rooms.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ Hi-5 are an Australian children's musical group formed in 1998, who are associated with the children's television series of the same name.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ As of December 2016, the members are Lachie Dearing, Courtney Clarke, Shay Clifford, Joe Kalou and Bailey Spalding.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The group is aimed at preschoolers, composed of five performers who entertain and educate children through music, movement and play.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ \"Hi-5\" was created by Helena Harris and Posie Graeme-Evans, initially a television series for the Nine Network, which premiered in 1999.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The cast of the show became a recognised musical group for children.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The original members were Kellie Crawford, Kathleen de Leon Jones, Nathan Foley, Tim Harding and Charli Robinson.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ The 2009–10 season is Sunderland's third consecutive season in the top division of English football, the Premier League.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Ricky Sbragia was replaced by Steve Bruce in the close season.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ His aim is to improve on the club's 16th position the previous season.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Darren Bent was the top scorer in the Premier League with 24 goals.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Andy Reid was the top scorer in the League Cup with two goals.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Fraizer Campbell was the top scorer in the FA Cup with two goals.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Darren Bent was the top scorer in all competitions with 25 goals.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ At the end of the season, Darren Bent won both the club's official Player of the Season and the SAFC Supporters' Association awards.", "Hi-MD __knowledge__ In January 2004, Sony announced the Hi-MD media storage format as a further development of the MiniDisc format.", "Hi-MD __knowledge__ With its release in later 2004, came the ability to use newly developed, high-capacity 1 gigabyte Hi-MD discs, sporting the same dimensions as regular MiniDiscs.", "Hi-MD __knowledge__ The Hi-MD format can be considered obsolete as the last recorder/player was discontinued in 2011.", "Hi-MD __knowledge__ The discs themselves were withdrawn from sale in September 2012, though regular MiniDiscs are still available ().", "Hi-MD __knowledge__ Hi-MD offers the choice of several codecs for audio recording: PCM, Hi-SP and Hi-LP, each selectable on the Hi-MD Walkman itself.", "Hi-5 (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ Hi-5 is an Australian children's television series, originally produced by Kids Like Us and later Southern Star for the Nine Network and created by Helena Harris and Posie Graeme-Evans.", "Hi-5 (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ The program is known for its educational content, and for the cast of the program, who became a recognised musical group for children outside of the series, known collectively as Hi-5.", "Hi-5 (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ It has generated discussion about what is considered appropriate television for children.", "Hi-5 (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ The series premiered in April 1999 on the Nine Network.", "Hi-5 (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ The series is designed for a pre-school audience, featuring five performers who educate and entertain through music, movement and play.", "Hi-hat __knowledge__ A hi-hat, also spelled hihat or high-hat, is a combination of two cymbals, a foot-operated pedal which moves a rod which in turn moves one of the cymbals, all mounted on a metal stand.", "Hi-hat __knowledge__ Hihats are an essential part of the standard drum kit used by drummers in many popular music (e.g.", "Hi-hat __knowledge__ every genre of rock music) and traditional music (e.g.", "Hi-hat __knowledge__ blues) styles.", "Hi-hat __knowledge__ It consists of a mating pair of small to medium-sized cymbals mounted on a stand, with the two cymbals facing each other.", "Hi-hat __knowledge__ The bottom cymbal is fixed and the top is mounted on a rod which moves the top cymbal towards the bottom one when a foot pedal is depressed (a hihat that is in this position is said to be \"closed\" or \"closed hihats\").", "Delco Hi-Q __knowledge__ Delco Hi-Q, formerly Kimberly-Clark Hi-Q, or just Hi-Q is an academic quiz competition in Delaware County, Pennsylvania.", "Delco Hi-Q __knowledge__ It was founded in 1948, and is now an intracounty competition of high school students in six different states: Pennsylvania, Wisconsin, Washington, Ohio, Florida, and Alabama.", "Delco Hi-Q __knowledge__ Delco Hi-Q is the oldest continuous academic quiz competition in the United States.", "Delco Hi-Q __knowledge__ It was started as radio quiz program for high school students in Delaware County, Pennsylvania by the Scott Paper Company, which ran it as a community relations program.", "Delco Hi-Q __knowledge__ \"Hi\" represented \"High School\" and \"Q\" represented \"I.Q.\"", "The Fugitive: Plan B __knowledge__ The Fugitive: Plan B () is a 2010 South Korean action television series, starring Rain and Lee Na-young.", "The Fugitive: Plan B __knowledge__ It aired on KBS2 from September 29 to December 8, 2010 on Wednesdays and Thursdays at 21:55 for 20 episodes.", "The Fugitive: Plan B __knowledge__ The series was directed by Kwak Jung-hwan and written by Cheon Sung-il, the same team behind \"The Slave Hunters\".", "The Fugitive: Plan B __knowledge__ The rights to the series were sold to seven countries in Asia including Japan, Taiwan, the Philippines, Thailand, Hong Kong, China, Singapore, Malaysia and Indonesia.", "The Fugitive: Plan B __knowledge__ Prior to the series' timeline, Ji-woo (Rain), a young, rich and cunning Korean private investigator handled the case of an Asian couple who died at a casino in Las Vegas." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Factory __knowledge__ A factory (previously manufactory) or manufacturing plant is an industrial site, usually consisting of buildings and machinery, or more commonly a complex having several buildings, where workers manufacture goods or operate machines processing one product into another.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories arose with the introduction of machinery during the Industrial Revolution when the capital and space requirements became too great for cottage industry or workshops.", "Factory __knowledge__ Early factories that contained small amounts of machinery, such as one or two spinning mules, and fewer than a dozen workers have been called \"glorified workshops\".", "Factory __knowledge__ Most modern factories have large warehouses or warehouse-like facilities that contain heavy equipment used for assembly line production.", "Factory __knowledge__ Large factories tend to be located with access to multiple modes of transportation, with some having rail, highway and water loading and unloading facilities.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories may either make discrete products or some type of material continuously produced such as chemicals, pulp and paper, or refined oil products.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories manufacturing chemicals are often called \"plants\" and may have most of their equipment – tanks, pressure vessels, chemical reactors, pumps and piping – outdoors and operated from control rooms.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that were introduced in CBBC's \"The Dumping Ground\".", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ The series is based on The Story of Tracy Beaker by Jacqueline Wilson.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ It has aired since 2013 and is currently airing the fifth series.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ The series follows \"The Story of Tracy Beaker\" that ran for five series from 2002 to 2005, and \"Tracy Beaker Returns\" that ran for three series from 2010 to 2012.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ Connor Byrne has played the role of Mike Milligan for all three programmes.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ Faith Davis is a resident of Elm Tree House and Ashdene Ridge during the first two series of \"The Dumping Ground\".", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ She is portrayed by Leanne Dunstan.", "Icecream Hands __knowledge__ Icecream Hands (also seen as Ice Cream Hands) were a power pop band formed in Melbourne, Victoria in 1992 as Chuck Skatt and His Icecream Hands with Charles \"Chuck Skatt\" Jenkins as lead singer-songwriter and rhythm guitarist, Arturo \"Arch\" Larizza on bass guitar, his brother Dom \"Benedictine III\" Larizza on lead guitar and Derek Smiley on drums.", "Icecream Hands __knowledge__ They shortened the name and released a self-titled extended play on Rubber Records in 1992.", "Icecream Hands __knowledge__ After a year Douglas Robertson had replaced Arch on bass guitar.", "Icecream Hands __knowledge__ In 1997 Marcus Goodwin replaced Dom on lead guitar and their second album, \"Memory Lane Traffic Jam\" was released in the United States (US) on Not Lame Recordings; it was acclaimed by AllMusic reviewer, Stephen Thomas Erlewine as \"immediately catchy, but [the songs] grow stronger upon each listen – a hallmark of a truly fine pop album.\"", "Charles Jenkins (musician) __knowledge__ Charles Jenkins is a musician based in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.", "Charles Jenkins (musician) __knowledge__ He was a member of Icecream Hands, has released three solo albums and is a member of Charles Jenkins and the Zhivagos in 2014.", "Charles Jenkins (musician) __knowledge__ Following his birth in Mildura, Victoria, Jenkins moved to Adelaide, South Australia.", "Charles Jenkins (musician) __knowledge__ Jenkins started as a solo performer and later joined the band The Mad Turks From Istanbul.", "Charles Jenkins (musician) __knowledge__ In 1989, Jenkins relocated to Melbourne, Victoria, Australia with the band, but the Mad Turks disbanded soon after the move and Jenkins formed a new band called 'Icecream Hands'.", "Charles Jenkins (musician) __knowledge__ The band formed in 1992 and was originally named 'Chuck Skatt and His Icecream Hands'.", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ This is a list of \"VeggieTales\" original videos.", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ Where's God When I'm S-Scared?", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ was initially released on December 21, 1993 on VHS and was distributed by Word Entertainment on March 1, 1994.", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ It features two stories about what to do when you are afraid.", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ In the first segment, \"Tales from the Crisper\", Junior Asparagus is watching a scary movie before being told by his mother that he needs to go to bed.", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ However, the movie has made him afraid and after imagining that his family in a portrait were frankenstein monsters, Bob and Larry drop in to help.", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ After some discussion, the pair comfort Junior in song about how he does not need to be afraid because God is watching out for him and He is bigger than anything.", "Sharon Lechter __knowledge__ Sharon L. Lechter (born January 12, 1954) is an American accountant, author, businesswoman, investor, motivational speaker, financial literacy activist and philanthropist.", "Sharon Lechter __knowledge__ She is the co-author of Rich dad poor dad, and the founder CEO of Pay Your Family First, a financial education organization.", "Sharon Lechter __knowledge__ In 2009 Sharon was appointed to the National CPA Financial Literacy Commission as a national spokesperson on the topic of financial literacy.", "Sharon Lechter __knowledge__ In January 2008, Lechter was appointed to the President's Advisory Council on Financial Literacy to serve a two-year term.", "Sharon Lechter __knowledge__ It is the council's responsibility to keep the American public financially competent and competitive.", "Crayon Shin-chan: Serious Battle! Robot Dad Strikes Back __knowledge__ This is the first time in the Crayon Shin-chan movie series that Shinnosuke's father is the main character.", "Crayon Shin-chan: Serious Battle! Robot Dad Strikes Back __knowledge__ In this movie, Shinnosuke's father Hiroshi gets converted into a robot.", "Crayon Shin-chan: Serious Battle! Robot Dad Strikes Back __knowledge__ Hiroshi got a slipped disk due to a back injury.", "Crayon Shin-chan: Serious Battle! Robot Dad Strikes Back __knowledge__ He was taken to an Este salon by a mysterious beautiful girl who appeared suddenly, to receive a free trial of beauty treatment as well as a massage.", "Crayon Shin-chan: Serious Battle! Robot Dad Strikes Back __knowledge__ When Hiroshi returned home after a beauty treatment, he was surprised to see himself in the form of a robot.", "Crayon Shin-chan: Serious Battle! Robot Dad Strikes Back __knowledge__ Shinnosuke gets overjoyed, whereas Misae gets worried on seeing him as a naked robot.", "Crayon Shin-chan: Serious Battle! Robot Dad Strikes Back __knowledge__ The robot version of Hiroshi turns out to be convenient.", "List of The Fairly OddParents characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters in the Nickelodeon animated television series \"The Fairly OddParents\".", "List of The Fairly OddParents characters __knowledge__ Voiced by: Portrayed by: Timothy \"Timmy\" Tiberius Turner was given fairy godparents to grant his every wish.", "List of The Fairly OddParents characters __knowledge__ Their names are Cosmo and Wanda.", "List of The Fairly OddParents characters __knowledge__ His wishes often have unpredictable and problematic side effects, and are often reverted upon Timmy's request by the end of the episode.", "List of The Fairly OddParents characters __knowledge__ His interests include comic books (particularly those centered around his favorite superhero, the Crimson Chin), video games, cartoons,and sports.", "List of The Fairly OddParents characters __knowledge__ Timmy's middle name is Tiberius, as revealed in \"Manic Mom Day\".", "List of The Fairly OddParents characters __knowledge__ During a time travel trip, Timmy accidentally arrives the day his parents moved into their house; unseen, he learns that they were expecting a girl, hence his pink hat.", "Lenovo __knowledge__ Lenovo Group Ltd. or Lenovo PC International, often shortened to Lenovo ( ; formerly stylized as lenovo), is a Chinese multinational technology company with headquarters in Beijing, China and Morrisville, North Carolina.", "Lenovo __knowledge__ It designs, develops, manufactures and sells personal computers, tablet computers, smartphones, workstations, servers, electronic storage devices, IT management software, and smart televisions.", "Lenovo __knowledge__ Lenovo is the world's largest personal computer vendor by unit sales since 2013.", "Lenovo __knowledge__ It markets the ThinkPad line of notebook computers, IdeaPad, Yoga and Legion and lines of notebook laptops, and the IdeaCentre and ThinkCentre lines of desktops.", "Farley's & Sathers Candy Company __knowledge__ Farley's & Sathers Candy Company was created as an umbrella company to roll-up many small companies, brands and products under a common management team.", "Farley's & Sathers Candy Company __knowledge__ The confectionery business segment is made up of many small companies, often with intertwined relationships and histories.", "Farley's & Sathers Candy Company __knowledge__ Catterton Partners formed the Farley's & Sathers Candy Company in 2002 as a vehicle for the purchase of some of the former Farley Foods Company and Sathers Candy Company assets and brands from Kraft.", "Farley's & Sathers Candy Company __knowledge__ Since that time, additional brands and businesses have been added to the roster.", "Farley's & Sathers Candy Company __knowledge__ In 2012, the owners of Farley's & Sathers, L Catterton Partners, purchased Ferrara Pan Candy Company.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Commissioners' Plan of 1811 __knowledge__ The Commissioners' Plan of 1811 was the original design for the streets of Manhattan above Houston Street and below 155th Street, which put in place the rectangular grid plan of streets and lots that has defined Manhattan to this day.", "Commissioners' Plan of 1811 __knowledge__ It has been called \"the single most important document in New York City's development,\" and the plan has been described as encompassing the \"republican predilection for control and balance ... [and] distrust of nature.\"", "Commissioners' Plan of 1811 __knowledge__ It was described by the Commission that created it as combining \"beauty, order and convenience.\"", "Commissioners' Plan of 1811 __knowledge__ The plan originated when the Common Council of New York City, seeking to provide for the orderly development and sale of the land of Manhattan between 14th Street and Washington Heights, but unable to do so itself for reasons of local politics and objections from property owners, asked the New York State Legislature to step in.", "Puthiamputhur __knowledge__ Puthiamputhur is a town in Thoothukudi district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu, address for \"ReadyMade\" Dresses.", "Puthiamputhur __knowledge__ Puthiamputhur is a small town.", "Puthiamputhur __knowledge__ It is located at Ottapidaram taluk in Tuticorin district.", "Puthiamputhur __knowledge__ It is 17 km from Tuticorin towards west, 5 km from Ottapidaram towards south and 15 km from Puthukkottai towards north.", "Puthiamputhur __knowledge__ The Puthiamputhur is called as Kutty Japan, Thennagathin Tirupur and Readymade City.", "Puthiamputhur __knowledge__ Around 5000 families are living in this area.", "Puthiamputhur __knowledge__ Puthiamputhur, the name was called Pothiamathur (Pothi (load) + Amathur (rest taken area)).", "Puthiamputhur __knowledge__ That means before the year of 1950 that the times there was no buses to travel, for which they were used donkey & cows for their trade and personal travels.", "Advanced manufacturing __knowledge__ Advanced manufacturing is the use of innovative technology to improve products or processes.", "Advanced manufacturing __knowledge__ One of the most widely used definitions of advanced manufacturing involves the use of technology to improve products and/or processes, with the relevant technology being described as \"advanced,\" \"innovative,\" or \"cutting edge.\"", "Advanced manufacturing __knowledge__ For example, one organization defines advanced manufacturing as industries that \"increasingly integrate new innovative technologies in both products and processes.", "Advanced manufacturing __knowledge__ The rate of technology adoption and the ability to use that technology to remain competitive and add value define the advanced manufacturing sector.\"", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Hillary Clinton, the nominee of the Democratic Party for president of the United States in 2016, has taken positions on political issues while serving as First Lady of Arkansas (1979–81; 1983–92), First Lady of the United States (1993–2001); as U.S.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Senator from New York (2001–2009); and serving as the United States Secretary of State (2009–2013).", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In accordance with longstanding custom, during her time as Secretary of State she largely avoided taking stances on most domestic political issues.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In 2015, she announced her candidacy for the presidency.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Clinton won the Democratic primaries and formally became the party's nominee at the 2016 Democratic National Convention." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Factory __knowledge__ A factory (previously manufactory) or manufacturing plant is an industrial site, usually consisting of buildings and machinery, or more commonly a complex having several buildings, where workers manufacture goods or operate machines processing one product into another.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories arose with the introduction of machinery during the Industrial Revolution when the capital and space requirements became too great for cottage industry or workshops.", "Factory __knowledge__ Early factories that contained small amounts of machinery, such as one or two spinning mules, and fewer than a dozen workers have been called \"glorified workshops\".", "Factory __knowledge__ Most modern factories have large warehouses or warehouse-like facilities that contain heavy equipment used for assembly line production.", "Factory __knowledge__ Large factories tend to be located with access to multiple modes of transportation, with some having rail, highway and water loading and unloading facilities.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories may either make discrete products or some type of material continuously produced such as chemicals, pulp and paper, or refined oil products.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories manufacturing chemicals are often called \"plants\" and may have most of their equipment – tanks, pressure vessels, chemical reactors, pumps and piping – outdoors and operated from control rooms.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Yea ( ) is a town in Victoria, Australia north-east of Melbourne at the junction of the Goulburn Valley Highway and the Melba Highway, in the Shire of Murrindindi local government area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ In an area originally inhabited by the Taungurong people, it was first visited by Europeans of the Hume and Hovell expedition in 1824, and within 15 years most of the land in the area had been taken up by graziers.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Surveyed in 1855, the township grew as a service centre for grazing, gold-mining and timber-getting in the area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ The town has had a fairly stable population (around 1,100) since 1900, though it now has a relatively old population.", "Emergency (series) __knowledge__ Emergency is a video game series of rescue simulations by the German developer Sixteen Tons Entertainment and creative director and founder of the series Ralph Stock.", "Emergency (series) __knowledge__ Publisher of the first game in 1998 was TopWare Interactive; In 2002 Emergency 2 was published by Take 2 Interactive who went on to publish both Emergency 3 in 2005 and Emergency 4 + Gold Edition in 2006 alongside the publisher Rondomedia.", "Emergency (series) __knowledge__ As of 2010 Deep Silver has taken over the publishing operations of the Emergency Series and its Spin-Offs.", "Emergency (series) __knowledge__ In the game, players take control of the emergency services; firefighters, ambulance services, police and, technical services (THW).", "Méthode pour la Guitare __knowledge__ The is a method for the classical guitar originally written in French by guitarist and composer Fernando Sor.", "Méthode pour la Guitare __knowledge__ The method was written with the early romantic guitar in mind (Sor mentions some 19th-century guitar-builders: J. Panormo, Schroeder of Petersburg, Alonso of Madrid, Pages and Benitez of Cadiz, Joseph and Manuel Martinez of Malaga, Rada, and Lacôte of Paris), but it is not only about instrumental technique, but also includes details about the theory of scales, harmony, sonority, composition, and above all music as an art.", "Méthode pour la Guitare __knowledge__ The first edition was in French and appeared in Paris in 1830 with the title of \"\".", "Madonna (entertainer) __knowledge__ Madonna Louise Ciccone (; born August 16, 1958) is an American singer, songwriter, actress, and businesswoman.", "Madonna (entertainer) __knowledge__ Referred to as the \"Queen of Pop\" since the 1980s, Madonna is known for pushing the boundaries of lyrical content in mainstream popular music, as well as visual imagery in music videos and on stage.", "Madonna (entertainer) __knowledge__ She has also frequently reinvented both her music and image while maintaining autonomy within the recording industry.", "Madonna (entertainer) __knowledge__ Besides sparking controversy, her works have been praised by music critics.", "Madonna (entertainer) __knowledge__ Madonna is often cited as an influence by other artists.", "Madonna (entertainer) __knowledge__ Born and raised in Michigan, Madonna moved to New York City in 1978 to pursue a career in modern dance.", "Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province __knowledge__ Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province (, \"Ostān-e Chahār-Mahāl-o Bakhtiyārī\" ) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran.", "Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province __knowledge__ It lies in the southwestern part of the country.", "Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province __knowledge__ Its capital is Shahr-e Kord.", "Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province __knowledge__ The province was put as part of Region 2 upon the division of the provinces into 5 regions solely for coordination and development purposes on June 22, 2014.", "Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province __knowledge__ It has an area of 16,332 square kilometers, and had a population of 895,263 in 2011.", "Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province __knowledge__ The history of the province is tied to that of the Bakhtiari tribe.", "Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province __knowledge__ The Bakhtiari tribe can be divided into two sub-tribes, \"Haft Lang\" and \"Chahar Lang\" with various territorial affiliations and they are the main speakers of Lurish language.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Yea Big + Kid Static __knowledge__ Yea Big + Kid Static is a hip-hop duo formerly based out of Chicago, Illinois.", "Yea Big + Kid Static __knowledge__ The group's two members, Stefen Robinson and Moses Harris, Jr., have been working together since 2005.", "Yea Big + Kid Static __knowledge__ The duo of Yea Big + Kid Static was formed in late 2005 by Stefen Robinson (Yea Big) and Moses Harris, Jr. (Kid Static).", "Yea Big + Kid Static __knowledge__ Their work is a blend of sample-based experimental hip-hop, D.I.Y.", "Yea Big + Kid Static __knowledge__ punk, and roots music.", "Yea Big + Kid Static __knowledge__ Yea Big + Kid Static has toured with bands as diverse as The Mae Shi, Rapider Than Horsepower, Bark Bark Bark and Gentleman Auction House; and released a digital-only side project, \"Secretary\", with Brad Breeck (of The Mae Shi) and Andrea Cochran.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ This transition included going from hand production methods to machines, new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes, the increasing use of steam power, the development of machine tools and the rise of the factory system.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ Textiles were the dominant industry of the Industrial Revolution in terms of employment, value of output and capital invested.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The textile industry was also the first to use modern production methods.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain, and many of the technological innovations were British.", "History of labour law in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The history of labour law in the United Kingdom concerns the development of UK labour law, from its roots in Roman and medieval times in the British Isles up to the present.", "History of labour law in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Before the Industrial Revolution and the introduction of mechanised manufacture, regulation of workplace relations was based on status, rather than contract or mediation through a system of trade unions.", "History of labour law in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Serfdom was the prevailing status of the mass of people, except where artisans in towns could gain a measure of self-regulation through guilds.", "History of labour law in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ In 1740 save for the fly-shuttle the loom was as it had been since weaving had begun.", "Second Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The Second Industrial Revolution, also known as the Technological Revolution, was a phase of rapid industrialization in the final third of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th.", "Second Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The First Industrial Revolution, which ended in the early to mid 1800s, was punctuated by a slowdown in macroinventions before the Second Industrial Revolution in 1870.", "Second Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ Though a number of its characteristic events can be traced to earlier innovations in manufacturing, such as the establishment of a machine tool industry, the development of methods for manufacturing interchangeable parts and the invention of the Bessemer Process to produce steel, the Second Industrial Revolution is generally dated between 1870 and 1914 up to the start of World War I. Advancements in manufacturing and production technology enabled the widespread adoption of preexisting technological systems such as telegraph and railroad networks, gas and water supply, and sewage systems, which had earlier been concentrated to a few select cities.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The economic history of the United States is about characteristics of and important developments in the U.S. economy from colonial times to the present.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The emphasis is on economic performance and how it was affected by new technologies, the change of size in economic sectors and the effects of legislation and government policy.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ Specialized business history is covered in American business history.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The colonial economy differed significantly from that of most other regions in that land and natural resources were abundant in America but labor was scarce.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ From 1700 to 1775 the output of the thirteen colonies increased 12 fold, giving the colonies an economy about 30% the size of Britain's at the time of independence.", "Productivity improving technologies __knowledge__ This article is about the important technologies that have historically increased productivity.", "Productivity improving technologies __knowledge__ Productivity in general is a ratio of output to input in the production of goods and services.", "Productivity improving technologies __knowledge__ Productivity is increased by lowering the amount of labor, capital, energy or materials that go into producing any given amount of economic goods and services.", "Productivity improving technologies __knowledge__ Increases in productivity are largely responsible for the increase in per capita living standards.", "Productivity improving technologies __knowledge__ Productivity improving technologies date back to antiquity, with rather slow progress until the late Middle Ages.", "Productivity improving technologies __knowledge__ Important examples of early to medieval European technology include the water wheel, the horse collar, the spinning wheel, the three-field system (after 1500 the four-field system—see Crop rotation) and the blast furnace.", "Economic history of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The economic history of the United Kingdom deals with the economic history of England and Great Britain from 1500 to the early 21st century.", "Economic history of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ (For earlier periods see Economy of England in the Middle Ages and Economic history of Scotland).", "Economic history of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ After becoming one of the most prosperous economic regions in Europe between 1600 and 1700, Britain led the industrial revolution and dominated the European and world economy during the 19th century.", "Economic history of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ It was the major innovator in machinery such as steam engines (for pumps, factories, railway locomotives and steamships), textile equipment, and tool-making.", "Economic history of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ It invented the railway system and built much of the equipment used by other nations." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Factory __knowledge__ A factory (previously manufactory) or manufacturing plant is an industrial site, usually consisting of buildings and machinery, or more commonly a complex having several buildings, where workers manufacture goods or operate machines processing one product into another.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories arose with the introduction of machinery during the Industrial Revolution when the capital and space requirements became too great for cottage industry or workshops.", "Factory __knowledge__ Early factories that contained small amounts of machinery, such as one or two spinning mules, and fewer than a dozen workers have been called \"glorified workshops\".", "Factory __knowledge__ Most modern factories have large warehouses or warehouse-like facilities that contain heavy equipment used for assembly line production.", "Factory __knowledge__ Large factories tend to be located with access to multiple modes of transportation, with some having rail, highway and water loading and unloading facilities.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories may either make discrete products or some type of material continuously produced such as chemicals, pulp and paper, or refined oil products.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories manufacturing chemicals are often called \"plants\" and may have most of their equipment – tanks, pressure vessels, chemical reactors, pumps and piping – outdoors and operated from control rooms.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Yea ( ) is a town in Victoria, Australia north-east of Melbourne at the junction of the Goulburn Valley Highway and the Melba Highway, in the Shire of Murrindindi local government area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ In an area originally inhabited by the Taungurong people, it was first visited by Europeans of the Hume and Hovell expedition in 1824, and within 15 years most of the land in the area had been taken up by graziers.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Surveyed in 1855, the township grew as a service centre for grazing, gold-mining and timber-getting in the area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ The town has had a fairly stable population (around 1,100) since 1900, though it now has a relatively old population.", "Manual labour __knowledge__ Manual labour (in British English, manual labor in American English) or manual work is physical work done by people, most especially in contrast to that done by machines, and to that done by working animals.", "Manual labour __knowledge__ It is most literally work done with the hands (the word \"manual\" comes from the Latin word for hand), and, by figurative extension, it is work done with any of the muscles and bones of the body.", "Manual labour __knowledge__ For most of human prehistory and history, manual labour and its close cousin, animal labour, have been the primary ways that physical work has been accomplished.", "Manual labour __knowledge__ Mechanisation and automation, which reduce the need for human and animal labour in production, have existed for centuries, but it was only starting in the 18th and 19th centuries that they began to significantly expand and to change human culture.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Lacy Walter Giles Yea (20 May 1808 – 18 June 1855) was a British Army colonel, known for his role in the Crimean War, where he was killed in action.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Born in Park Row, Bristol, on 20 May 1808, he was eldest son of Sir William Walter Yea, second baronet, of Pyrland, near Taunton, Somerset, who married, on 24 June 1805, Anne Heckstetter (d. 1846), youngest daughter of Colonel David Michel of Dulish House, Dorset.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Lacy Yea was educated at Eton College.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ He was commissioned as ensign in the 37th foot on 6 October 1825, obtained an unattached lieutenancy on 19 December 1826, was appointed to the 5th Foot on 13 March 1827, and exchanged to the 7th (Royal Fusiliers) on 13 March 1828.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ Pricing games are featured on the current version of the American game show The Price Is Right.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ The contestant from Contestants' Row who bids closest to the price of a prize without going over wins the prize and has the chance to win additional prizes or cash in an onstage game.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ After the pricing game ends, a new contestant is selected for Contestants' Row and the process is repeated.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ Six pricing games are played on each hour-long episode.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ Prior to expanding to one hour in length, three games per episode were played during the half-hour format.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ With the exception of a single game from early in the show's history, only one contestant at a time is involved in a pricing game.", "The Exploration Museum __knowledge__ The Exploration Museum ( is dedicated to the history of human exploration, from the early explorers to the exploration of space.", "The Exploration Museum __knowledge__ The museum is located in the center of Húsavík in North Iceland, from the Arctic Circle.", "The Exploration Museum __knowledge__ The museum was founded in 2011 and formally opened in 2014 by the President of Iceland.", "The Exploration Museum __knowledge__ The main exhibition room features photographs and artifacts from the Apollo Astronaut Training near Húsavík in 1965 and 1967.", "The Exploration Museum __knowledge__ The second exhibition room features the history of Viking Exploration.", "The Exploration Museum __knowledge__ Upstairs is dedicated to the exploration of the polar regions and the races to the north and south poles.", "Prelest __knowledge__ Prelest (from , from - cajolery; (charm, seduction), ), also known as: spiritual delusion, spiritual deception, delusion, illusion, – according to Holy Fathers of Orthodox Church, a false spiritual state, a spiritual illness, \"a wounding of human nature by falsehood\" (St. Ignatius Brianchaninov).", "Prelest __knowledge__ The concept of prelest should not be confused with somatic mental illness of any kind; prelest is rather a spiritual illness, an illness of the soul in its personal relation to God, an illness that originates from vainglory, pride and demonic suggestion and that is to be cured by humility and Holy Sacraments and under the guidance of the spiritual father.", "Mental calculation __knowledge__ Mental calculation comprises arithmetical calculations using only the human brain, with no help from any supplies (such as pencil and paper) or devices such as a calculator.", "Mental calculation __knowledge__ People use mental calculation when computing tools are not available, when it is faster than other means of calculation (such as conventional educational institution methods), or even in a competitive context.", "Mental calculation __knowledge__ Mental calculation often involves the use of specific techniques devised for specific types of problems.", "Mental calculation __knowledge__ Many of these techniques take advantage of or rely on the decimal numeral system.", "Mental calculation __knowledge__ Usually, the choice of radix is what determines which method or methods to use.", "History of agriculture in the People's Republic of China __knowledge__ In 4,000 years, China has been a nation of farmers.", "History of agriculture in the People's Republic of China __knowledge__ By the time the People's Republic of China was established in 1949, virtually all arable land was under cultivation; irrigation and drainage systems constructed centuries earlier and intensive farming practices already produced relatively high yields.", "History of agriculture in the People's Republic of China __knowledge__ But little prime virgin land was available to support population growth and economic development.", "History of agriculture in the People's Republic of China __knowledge__ However, after a decline in production as a result of the Great Leap Forward (1958–60), agricultural reforms implemented in the 1980s increased yields and promised even greater future production from existing cultivated land.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ This transition included going from hand production methods to machines, new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes, the increasing use of steam power, the development of machine tools and the rise of the factory system.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ Textiles were the dominant industry of the Industrial Revolution in terms of employment, value of output and capital invested.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The textile industry was also the first to use modern production methods.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain, and many of the technological innovations were British.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The economic history of the United States is about characteristics of and important developments in the U.S. economy from colonial times to the present.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The emphasis is on economic performance and how it was affected by new technologies, the change of size in economic sectors and the effects of legislation and government policy.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ Specialized business history is covered in American business history.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The colonial economy differed significantly from that of most other regions in that land and natural resources were abundant in America but labor was scarce.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ From 1700 to 1775 the output of the thirteen colonies increased 12 fold, giving the colonies an economy about 30% the size of Britain's at the time of independence.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ United Kingdom labour law regulates the relations between workers, employers and trade unions.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ People at work in the UK benefit from a minimum charter of employment rights, which are found in various Acts, Regulations, common law and equity.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ This includes the right to a minimum wage of £7.50 for over 25-year-olds under the National Minimum Wage Act 1998.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ The Working Time Regulations 1998 give the right to 28 days paid holidays, breaks from work, and attempts to limit excessively long working hours.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ The Employment Rights Act 1996 gives the right to leave for child care, and the right to request flexible working patterns.", "Tendency of the rate of profit to fall __knowledge__ The tendency of the rate of profit to fall (TRPF) is a hypothesis in economics and political economy, most famously expounded by Karl Marx in chapter 13 of \"Capital, Volume III\".", "Tendency of the rate of profit to fall __knowledge__ Although not accepted in 20th century mainstream economics, the existence of such a tendency was widely noted throughout the 19th century.", "Tendency of the rate of profit to fall __knowledge__ Economists as diverse as Adam Smith, John Stuart Mill, David Ricardo and Stanley Jevons referred explicitly to the TRPF as an empirical phenomenon that needed to be explained.", "Tendency of the rate of profit to fall __knowledge__ They differed in the reasons they gave for why the TRPF might necessarily occur.", "Tendency of the rate of profit to fall __knowledge__ In his 1857 \"Grundrisse\" manuscript, Karl Marx called the tendency of the rate of profit to fall \"the most important law of political economy\" and sought to give a causal explanation for it, in terms of his theory of capital accumulation.", "Capital, Volume I __knowledge__ Capital.", "Capital, Volume I __knowledge__ Volume I: The Process of Production of Capital () is an 1867 economics book by German philosopher Karl Marx.", "Capital, Volume I __knowledge__ In this, the only part of Marx's multi-volume \"\" to be published during his lifetime, Marx critiques capitalism chiefly from the standpoint of its production processes.", "Capital, Volume I __knowledge__ After Marx's death, Friedrich Engels compiled and expanded his friend's notes into volumes \"II\" (1885) and \"III\" (1894).", "Capital, Volume I __knowledge__ In the years since its publication \"Capital.", "Capital, Volume I __knowledge__ Volume I\" has come to be considered as a major work of modern economic thought, alongside the likes of Smith's \"The Wealth of Nations\" (1776) and Keynes's \"General Theory\" (1936).", "History of labour law __knowledge__ The history of labour law concerns the development of labour law as a way of regulating and improving the life of people at work.", "History of labour law __knowledge__ In the civilisations of antiquity, the use of slave labour was widespread.", "History of labour law __knowledge__ Some of the maladies associated with unregulated labour were identified by Pliny as \" diseases of slaves.\"", "History of labour law __knowledge__ As England was the first country to industrialise, it was also the first to face the often appalling consequences of capitalist exploitation in a totally unregulated and laissez-faire economic framework.", "History of labour law __knowledge__ Over the course of the late 18th and early to mid-19th century the foundation for modern labour law was slowly laid, as some of the more egregious aspects of working conditions were steadily ameliorated through legislation." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Factory __knowledge__ A factory (previously manufactory) or manufacturing plant is an industrial site, usually consisting of buildings and machinery, or more commonly a complex having several buildings, where workers manufacture goods or operate machines processing one product into another.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories arose with the introduction of machinery during the Industrial Revolution when the capital and space requirements became too great for cottage industry or workshops.", "Factory __knowledge__ Early factories that contained small amounts of machinery, such as one or two spinning mules, and fewer than a dozen workers have been called \"glorified workshops\".", "Factory __knowledge__ Most modern factories have large warehouses or warehouse-like facilities that contain heavy equipment used for assembly line production.", "Factory __knowledge__ Large factories tend to be located with access to multiple modes of transportation, with some having rail, highway and water loading and unloading facilities.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories may either make discrete products or some type of material continuously produced such as chemicals, pulp and paper, or refined oil products.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories manufacturing chemicals are often called \"plants\" and may have most of their equipment – tanks, pressure vessels, chemical reactors, pumps and piping – outdoors and operated from control rooms.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Yea ( ) is a town in Victoria, Australia north-east of Melbourne at the junction of the Goulburn Valley Highway and the Melba Highway, in the Shire of Murrindindi local government area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ In an area originally inhabited by the Taungurong people, it was first visited by Europeans of the Hume and Hovell expedition in 1824, and within 15 years most of the land in the area had been taken up by graziers.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Surveyed in 1855, the township grew as a service centre for grazing, gold-mining and timber-getting in the area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ The town has had a fairly stable population (around 1,100) since 1900, though it now has a relatively old population.", "The Young and the Restless characters (2000s) __knowledge__ A list of notable characters from the CBS soap opera \"The Young and the Restless\" that significantly impacted storylines and debuted between January 2000 and December 2009.", "The Young and the Restless characters (2000s) __knowledge__ Alex Perez first appeared on November 29, 2000, later becoming the fiancée of Malcolm Winters and lover of his brother, Neil.", "The Young and the Restless characters (2000s) __knowledge__ The role, portrayed by Alexia Robinson, was created to fill the void left by Victoria Rowell.", "The Young and the Restless characters (2000s) __knowledge__ Prior to her debut, the character was only known as \"Erin\".", "The Young and the Restless characters (2000s) __knowledge__ In 2002, it was announced that Robinson was to exit \"The Young and the Restless\" after the expiration of her contract, and departed onscreen on May 9, 2002.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that were introduced in CBBC's \"The Dumping Ground\".", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ The series is based on The Story of Tracy Beaker by Jacqueline Wilson.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ It has aired since 2013 and is currently airing the fifth series.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ The series follows \"The Story of Tracy Beaker\" that ran for five series from 2002 to 2005, and \"Tracy Beaker Returns\" that ran for three series from 2010 to 2012.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ Connor Byrne has played the role of Mike Milligan for all three programmes.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ Faith Davis is a resident of Elm Tree House and Ashdene Ridge during the first two series of \"The Dumping Ground\".", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ She is portrayed by Leanne Dunstan.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ 1776 is a musical with music and lyrics by Sherman Edwards and a book by Peter Stone.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ The story is based on the events surrounding the signing of the Declaration of Independence.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ It dramatizes the efforts of John Adams to persuade his colleagues to vote for American independence and to sign the document.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ It premiered on Broadway in 1969, earning warm reviews, and ran for 1,217 performances.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ The production was nominated for five Tony Awards and won three, including the Tony Award for Best Musical.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ In 1972 it was made into a film adaptation.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ It was revived on Broadway in 1997.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ In 1925, Rodgers and Hart had written a musical about the American Revolution, called \"Dearest Enemy\".", "Squanto __knowledge__ Tisquantum (; 1585 (±10 years ?)", "Squanto __knowledge__ – late November 1622 o.s.", "Squanto __knowledge__ ), more commonly known by the diminutive variant Squanto, was a member of the Patuxet tribe best known for being an early liaison between the native populations in Southern New England and the \"Mayflower\" settlers, who made their settlement at the site of Squanto's former summer village.", "Squanto __knowledge__ The Patuxet tribe had lived on the western coast of Cape Cod Bay, but they were wiped out by an epidemic infection.", "Squanto __knowledge__ Squanto was the last of the tribe, and he acted as a translator, guide, and advisor while he lived with the Pilgrims for 20 months.", "Squanto __knowledge__ He showed them how to sow and fertilize native crops, and this proved to be a boon when the seeds brought largely failed which had been brought from England.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Lacy Walter Giles Yea (20 May 1808 – 18 June 1855) was a British Army colonel, known for his role in the Crimean War, where he was killed in action.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Born in Park Row, Bristol, on 20 May 1808, he was eldest son of Sir William Walter Yea, second baronet, of Pyrland, near Taunton, Somerset, who married, on 24 June 1805, Anne Heckstetter (d. 1846), youngest daughter of Colonel David Michel of Dulish House, Dorset.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Lacy Yea was educated at Eton College.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ He was commissioned as ensign in the 37th foot on 6 October 1825, obtained an unattached lieutenancy on 19 December 1826, was appointed to the 5th Foot on 13 March 1827, and exchanged to the 7th (Royal Fusiliers) on 13 March 1828.", "John French, 1st Earl of Ypres __knowledge__ Field Marshal John Denton Pinkstone French, 1st Earl of Ypres, (28 September 1852 – 22 May 1925), known as Sir John French from 1901 to 1916, and as The Viscount French between 1916 and 1922, was a senior British Army officer.", "John French, 1st Earl of Ypres __knowledge__ Born in Kent to an Anglo-Irish family, he saw brief service as a midshipman in the Royal Navy, before becoming a cavalry officer.", "John French, 1st Earl of Ypres __knowledge__ He achieved rapid promotion and distinguished himself on the Gordon Relief Expedition.", "John French, 1st Earl of Ypres __knowledge__ French had a considerable reputation as a womaniser throughout his life and his career nearly ended when he was cited in the divorce of a brother officer whilst in India in the early 1890s.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ This transition included going from hand production methods to machines, new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes, the increasing use of steam power, the development of machine tools and the rise of the factory system.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ Textiles were the dominant industry of the Industrial Revolution in terms of employment, value of output and capital invested.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The textile industry was also the first to use modern production methods.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain, and many of the technological innovations were British.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The economic history of the United States is about characteristics of and important developments in the U.S. economy from colonial times to the present.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The emphasis is on economic performance and how it was affected by new technologies, the change of size in economic sectors and the effects of legislation and government policy.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ Specialized business history is covered in American business history.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The colonial economy differed significantly from that of most other regions in that land and natural resources were abundant in America but labor was scarce.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ From 1700 to 1775 the output of the thirteen colonies increased 12 fold, giving the colonies an economy about 30% the size of Britain's at the time of independence.", "Technological and industrial history of the United States __knowledge__ The technological and industrial history of the United States describes the United States' emergence as one of the most technologically advanced nations in the world.", "Technological and industrial history of the United States __knowledge__ The availability of land and literate labor, the absence of a landed aristocracy, the prestige of entrepreneurship, the diversity of climate and a large easily accessed upscale and literate free market all contributed to America's rapid industrialisation.", "Technological and industrial history of the United States __knowledge__ The availability of capital, development by the free market of navigable rivers, and coastal waterways, and the abundance of natural resources facilitated the cheap extraction of energy all contributed to America's rapid industrialization.", "Economic history of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The economic history of the United Kingdom deals with the economic history of England and Great Britain from 1500 to the early 21st century.", "Economic history of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ (For earlier periods see Economy of England in the Middle Ages and Economic history of Scotland).", "Economic history of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ After becoming one of the most prosperous economic regions in Europe between 1600 and 1700, Britain led the industrial revolution and dominated the European and world economy during the 19th century.", "Economic history of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ It was the major innovator in machinery such as steam engines (for pumps, factories, railway locomotives and steamships), textile equipment, and tool-making.", "Economic history of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ It invented the railway system and built much of the equipment used by other nations.", "Second Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The Second Industrial Revolution, also known as the Technological Revolution, was a phase of rapid industrialization in the final third of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th.", "Second Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The First Industrial Revolution, which ended in the early to mid 1800s, was punctuated by a slowdown in macroinventions before the Second Industrial Revolution in 1870.", "Second Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ Though a number of its characteristic events can be traced to earlier innovations in manufacturing, such as the establishment of a machine tool industry, the development of methods for manufacturing interchangeable parts and the invention of the Bessemer Process to produce steel, the Second Industrial Revolution is generally dated between 1870 and 1914 up to the start of World War I. Advancements in manufacturing and production technology enabled the widespread adoption of preexisting technological systems such as telegraph and railroad networks, gas and water supply, and sewage systems, which had earlier been concentrated to a few select cities.", "Western culture __knowledge__ Western culture, sometimes equated with Western civilization, Occidental culture, the Western world, Western society, European civilization, or Judeo-Greco-Christian civilization, is a term used very broadly to refer to a heritage of social norms, ethical values, traditional customs, belief systems, political systems and specific artifacts and technologies that have some origin or association with Europe.", "Western culture __knowledge__ The term also applies beyond Europe, to countries and cultures whose histories are strongly connected to Europe by immigration, colonization, or influence.", "Western culture __knowledge__ For example, \"Western Culture\" includes countries in the Americas and Australasia, whose language and demographic ethnicity majorities are European.", "Modern history __knowledge__ Modern history, the modern period or the modern era, is the linear, global, historiographical approach to the time frame after post-classical history.", "Modern history __knowledge__ This view stands in contrast to the \"organic,\" or non-linear, view of history first put forward by the renowned philosopher and historian, Oswald Spengler, early in the 20th century.", "Modern history __knowledge__ Modern history can be further broken down into periods: Some events, while not without precedent, show a new way of perceiving the world.", "Modern history __knowledge__ The concept of modernity interprets the general meaning of these events and seeks explanations for major developments.", "Modern history __knowledge__ The fundamental difficulty of studying modern history is the fact that a plethora of it has been documented up to the present day." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 43, 47 ]

[ "I never have but they're really very fascinating, think about it, lots of people manufacturing products in one place.", "That's really cool. So you got to see how factories work from the inside. It's interesting how factories arose during the Industrial Revolution.", "I wish my school would've done that. I think early factories were kind of smaller, they had less machinery so it's kind of more interesting to see nowadays.", "Yeah, it was The Industrial Revolution from the 1760 to 1820-40 that changed it like that. It was the transition to the new manufacturing methods.", "Yeah it's so cool because it went from hand production to machines and chemical manufacturing. A lot of new machine tools started being made as well." ]

[ "Factory", "Factory", "Factory", "Factory", "Factory" ]

[ "McDonald's\nDo you like McDonalds? It's not one of my favorite fast food places.", "I know it's been around for a very long time, and I know many people do like it.", "They are definitely affordable. But, seem to always get our orders wrong, or leave something out around here.", "Yes, I do enjoy their fries. And I like their caramel sundaes.", "You should try the caramel sundae, and add extra caramel, it's delicious!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is a fast food company that was founded in 1940 as a restaurant operated by Richard and Maurice McDonald, in San Bernardino, California, United States.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ They rechristened their business as a hamburger stand.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The first time a McDonald's franchise used the Golden Arches logo was in 1953 at a location in Phoenix, Arizona.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In 1955, Ray Kroc, a businessman, joined the company as a franchise agent and proceeded to purchase the chain from the McDonald brothers.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's had its original headquarters in Oak Brook, Illinois, but has approved plans to move its global headquarters to Chicago by 2018.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is the world's largest restaurant chain by revenue, serving over 69 million customers daily in over 100 countries across approximately 36,900 outlets as of 2016.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ Although McDonald's is known for its hamburgers, they also sell cheeseburgers, chicken products, french fries, breakfast items, soft drinks, milkshakes, wraps, and desserts.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In response to changing consumer tastes and a negative backlash because of the unhealthiness of their food, the company has added to its menu salads, fish, smoothies, and fruit.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The McDonald's Corporation revenues come from the rent, royalties, and fees paid by the franchisees, as well as sales in company-operated restaurants.", "Fast food restaurant __knowledge__ A fast food restaurant, also known as a quick service restaurant (QSR) within the industry, is a specific type of restaurant that serves fast food cuisine and has minimal table service.", "Fast food restaurant __knowledge__ The food served in fast food restaurants is typically part of a \"meat-sweet diet\", offered from a limited menu, cooked in bulk in advance and kept hot, finished and packaged to order, and usually available for take away, though seating may be provided.", "Fast food restaurant __knowledge__ Fast food restaurants are typically part of a restaurant chain or franchise operation that provisions standardized ingredients and/or partially prepared foods and supplies to each restaurant through controlled supply channels.", "Fast food __knowledge__ Fast food is a mass-produced food that is prepared and served very quickly.", "Fast food __knowledge__ The food is typically less nutritionally valuable compared to other foods and dishes.", "Fast food __knowledge__ While any meal with low preparation time can be considered fast food, typically the term refers to food sold in a restaurant or store with frozen, preheated or precooked ingredients, and served to the customer in a packaged form for take-out/take-away.", "Fast food __knowledge__ Fast food restaurants are traditionally distinguished by their ability to serve food via a drive-through.", "Fast food __knowledge__ Outlets may be stands or kiosks, which may provide no shelter or seating, or fast food restaurants (also known as \"quick service restaurants\").", "In-N-Out Burger __knowledge__ In-N-Out Burger is an American regional chain of fast food restaurants with locations primarily in the American Southwest and Pacific coast.", "In-N-Out Burger __knowledge__ It was founded in Baldwin Park, California in 1948 by Harry Snyder and Esther Snyder.", "In-N-Out Burger __knowledge__ The chain is currently headquartered in Irvine, California and has slowly expanded outside Southern California into the rest of California, as well as into Arizona, Nevada, Utah, Texas, and Oregon.", "In-N-Out Burger __knowledge__ The current owner is Lynsi Snyder, the Snyders' only grandchild.", "In-N-Out Burger __knowledge__ As the chain has expanded, it has opened several distribution centers in addition to its original Baldwin Park location.", "Food studies __knowledge__ Food studies is the critical examination of food and its contexts within science, art, history, society, and other fields.", "Food studies __knowledge__ It is distinctive from other food-related areas of study such as nutrition, agriculture, gastronomy, and culinary arts in that it tends to look beyond the mere consumption, production, and aesthetic appreciation of food and tries to illuminate food as it relates to a vast number of academic fields.", "Food studies __knowledge__ It is thus a field that involves and attracts philosophers, historians, scientists, literary scholars, sociologists, art historians, anthropologists, and others.", "Food studies __knowledge__ This is an interdisciplinary and emerging field, and as such there is a substantial crossover between academic and popular work.", "Criticism of fast food __knowledge__ Criticism of fast food includes claimed negative health effects, alleged animal cruelty, cases of worker exploitation, and claims of cultural degradation via shifts in people's eating patterns away from traditional foods.", "Criticism of fast food __knowledge__ Fast food chains have come under fire from consumer groups, such as the Center for Science in the Public Interest, a longtime fast food critic over issues such as caloric content, trans fats and portion sizes.", "Criticism of fast food __knowledge__ Social scientists have highlighted how the prominence of fast food narratives in popular urban legends suggests that modern consumers have an ambivalent relationship (characterized by guilt) with fast food, particularly in relation to children.", "Food desert __knowledge__ A food desert is an area, especially one with low-income residents, that has limited access to affordable and nutritious food.", "Food desert __knowledge__ In contrast, an area with supermarkets or vegetable shops is termed a food oasis.", "Food desert __knowledge__ The term food desert considers the type and quality of food available to the population, in addition to the number, nature, and size of food stores that are accessible.", "Food desert __knowledge__ Food deserts are characterized by a lack of supermarkets which decreases residents’ access to fruits, vegetables and other whole foods.", "Food desert __knowledge__ In 2010, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) reported that 18 million Americans live in a food desert, meaning that they live more than one mile from a supermarket in urban or suburban areas, and more than 10 miles from a supermarket in rural areas.", "Fast food in China __knowledge__ Western-style fast food in China is a recent phenomenon, dating back only to January 1984 when McDonald's opened its first outlet in Taipei, Taiwan Province in the Republic of China.", "Fast food in China __knowledge__ In October 1987, Kentucky Fried Chicken, still the most popular fast food chain in China, established its first restaurant in the People's Republic of China (mainland area), located in Beijing.", "Fast food in China __knowledge__ KFC was later followed by McDonald's, which remains China's number two foreign fast food option.", "Fast food in China __knowledge__ In addition to American style fast food, China has many local options, including a slew of restaurants that attempt to imitate fast food, particularly KFC." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is a fast food company that was founded in 1940 as a restaurant operated by Richard and Maurice McDonald, in San Bernardino, California, United States.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ They rechristened their business as a hamburger stand.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The first time a McDonald's franchise used the Golden Arches logo was in 1953 at a location in Phoenix, Arizona.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In 1955, Ray Kroc, a businessman, joined the company as a franchise agent and proceeded to purchase the chain from the McDonald brothers.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's had its original headquarters in Oak Brook, Illinois, but has approved plans to move its global headquarters to Chicago by 2018.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is the world's largest restaurant chain by revenue, serving over 69 million customers daily in over 100 countries across approximately 36,900 outlets as of 2016.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ Although McDonald's is known for its hamburgers, they also sell cheeseburgers, chicken products, french fries, breakfast items, soft drinks, milkshakes, wraps, and desserts.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In response to changing consumer tastes and a negative backlash because of the unhealthiness of their food, the company has added to its menu salads, fish, smoothies, and fruit.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The McDonald's Corporation revenues come from the rent, royalties, and fees paid by the franchisees, as well as sales in company-operated restaurants.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "History of television __knowledge__ The invention of the television was the work of many individuals in the late 19th century and early 20th century.", "History of television __knowledge__ Individuals and corporations competed in various parts of the world to deliver a device that superseded previous technology.", "History of television __knowledge__ Many were compelled to capitalize on the invention and make profit, while some wanted to change the world through visual and audio communication technology.", "History of television __knowledge__ Facsimile transmission systems pioneered methods of mechanically scanning graphics in the early 19th century.", "History of television __knowledge__ The Scottish inventor Alexander Bain introduced the facsimile machine between 1843 and 1846.", "History of television __knowledge__ The English physicist Frederick Bakewell demonstrated a working laboratory version in 1851.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The Texarkana Moonlight Murders, a term coined by the news media, references the unsolved murders committed in and around Texarkana in the spring of 1946 by an unidentified serial killer known as the \"Phantom Killer\", or \"Phantom Slayer\".", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The killer is credited with attacking eight people within ten weeks, five of whom were killed.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The attacks happened on weekends between February 22, 1946 and May 3, 1946.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The first two victims, Jimmy Hollis and Mary Larey, survived.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The first double murder, which involved Richard Griffin and Polly Ann Moore, happened four weeks later.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The second double-homicide, involving Paul Martin and Betty Jo Booker, occurred exactly three weeks from the first murders.", "Diné Bahaneʼ __knowledge__ This story forms the basis for the traditional Navajo way of life.", "Diné Bahaneʼ __knowledge__ The basic outline of begins with the (Holy Wind) being created, the mists of lights which arose through the darkness to animate and bring purpose to the four (Holy People), supernatural and sacred in the different three lower worlds.", "Diné Bahaneʼ __knowledge__ All these things were spiritually created in the time before the Earth existed and the physical aspect of humans did not exist yet, but the spiritual did.", "Diné Bahaneʼ __knowledge__ The First or Dark World, , was small and centered on an island floating in the middle of four seas.", "Diné Bahaneʼ __knowledge__ The inhabitants of the first world were the four , the two Coyotes, the four rulers of the four seas, mist beings and various insect and bat people, the latter being the Air-Spirit People.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Ek Tha Chandar Ek Thi Sudha (Hindi: एक था चन्दर एक थी सुधा English: One was Chander one was Sudha) is an Indian biopic television series, which premiered on 21 September 2015 and is broadcast on Life OK.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is produced by Garima Productions of Ashwni Dhir.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series airs on every Monday to Friday nights.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is a tragic love story and is a 20-episode series.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story of the series is based on Dharamvir Bharati’s iconic novel, \"Gunahon Ka Devta\".", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Rahil Azam and Umang Jain will play the male and female lead roles respectively.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story starts with an illustration that it is a story about love near Allahabad.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "You Never Met a Motherfucker Quite Like Me __knowledge__ \"You Never Met a Motherfucker Quite Like Me\" (heard on the radio as \"...Mother, Mother Quite Like Me\", renamed \"You Never Met a White Boy Quite Like Me\" for the clean album version) was the third single off Kid Rock's third album \"Cocky\".", "You Never Met a Motherfucker Quite Like Me __knowledge__ The song peaked at #32 on the mainstream rock charts in 2002.", "You Never Met a Motherfucker Quite Like Me __knowledge__ The middle of the song pays homage to Lynyrd Skynyrd's classic \"Free Bird\".", "You Never Met a Motherfucker Quite Like Me __knowledge__ The 'Live' Trucker version contains the 1st verse of the song before he returns to finish \"You Never Met...\" Although the song was the poorest charting song off the album, Kid Rock claims that the \"You Never Met a Motherfucker Quite Like Me\" T-shirt is the most popular T-shirt at his concerts.", "No One Knows How to Love Me Quite Like You Do __knowledge__ \"No One Knows How to Love Me Quite Like You Do\" is a R&B/hip-hop song performed by Aaliyah and Tia Hawkins.", "No One Knows How to Love Me Quite Like You Do __knowledge__ It was released as a promotional airplay single in the U.S. and is the fourth release from Aaliyah's debut album \"Age Ain't Nothing but a Number\".", "No One Knows How to Love Me Quite Like You Do __knowledge__ The single was written and produced by R. Kelly.", "No One Knows How to Love Me Quite Like You Do __knowledge__ On \"No One Knows How to Love Me Quite Like You Do\" Aaliyah tells her lover, no one else knows how to love her quite like he does over a hip hop-styled beat.", "No One Knows How to Love Me Quite Like You Do __knowledge__ \"No One Knows How to Love Me Quite Like You Do\" remained on the charts for a limited time and charted on the Mediabase mainstream urban chart and peaked at #1.", "William Hazlitt __knowledge__ William Hazlitt (10 April 1778 – 18 September 1830) was an English writer, drama and literary critic, painter, social commentator, and philosopher.", "William Hazlitt __knowledge__ He is now considered one of the greatest critics and essayists in the history of the English language, placed in the company of Samuel Johnson and George Orwell.", "William Hazlitt __knowledge__ He is also acknowledged as the finest art critic of his age.", "William Hazlitt __knowledge__ Despite his high standing among historians of literature and art, his work is currently little read and mostly out of print.", "William Hazlitt __knowledge__ During his lifetime he befriended many people who are now part of the 19th-century literary canon, including Charles and Mary Lamb, Stendhal, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, William Wordsworth, and John Keats.", "List of minor The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy characters __knowledge__ The following is an alphabetical list of the minor characters in the various versions of \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", by Douglas Adams.", "List of minor The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy characters __knowledge__ The descriptions of the characters are accompanied by information on details about appearances and references to the characters.", "List of minor The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy characters __knowledge__ Major characters— Arthur Dent, Ford Prefect, Zaphod Beeblebrox, Marvin the Paranoid Android, Trillian, and Slartibartfast—are separately described.", "List of minor The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy characters __knowledge__ Lists are also available for places in \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", races and species in \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", technology in \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", phrases from \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", and cast lists for \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\".", "There's No One Quite Like Grandma __knowledge__ \"There's No One Quite Like Grandma\" was a number-one hit in the UK Singles Chart, by the Stockport-based primary school choir St Winifred's School Choir from 27 December 1980 to 3 January 1981.", "There's No One Quite Like Grandma __knowledge__ It was written by Gordon Lorenz.", "There's No One Quite Like Grandma __knowledge__ The song was a Christmas number-one single in both the UK and Ireland.", "There's No One Quite Like Grandma __knowledge__ In the UK, it demoted John Lennon's last single, \"(Just Like) Starting Over,\" to number two.", "There's No One Quite Like Grandma __knowledge__ After two weeks at number one, a previous Lennon song, \"Imagine,\" replaced it.", "There's No One Quite Like Grandma __knowledge__ This was a posthumous release as Lennon had been killed three weeks prior.", "There's No One Quite Like Grandma __knowledge__ Another song that \"There's No One Quite Like Grandma\" prevented from reaching number one was \"Stop the Cavalry\" by Jona Lewie, which has since become a Christmas favourite in the UK but finished at number three on the Christmas chart.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Joseph Jacques Jean Chrétien (born January 11, 1934), known commonly as Jean Chrétien (), is a Canadian politician who served as the 20th Prime Minister of Canada from November 4, 1993, to December 12, 2003.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Born and raised in Shawinigan, Quebec, Chrétien is a law graduate from Université Laval.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He was first elected to the Canadian House of Commons in 1963.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He served in various cabinet posts under prime minister Pierre Trudeau, most prominently as Minister of Justice, Minister of Finance, and Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He also served as deputy prime minister in John Turner's short-lived government.", "St Winifred's School Choir __knowledge__ St Winifred's School Choir, from St Winifred's Roman Catholic Primary School in Stockport, England, was a choir of children whose single in 1980 became that year's British Christmas number one single.", "St Winifred's School Choir __knowledge__ Entitled \"There's No One Quite Like Grandma\", written for the 80th birthday of Queen Elizabeth, the Queen Mother in 1980 by Gordon Lorenz, it became that year's British Christmas number one single.", "St Winifred's School Choir __knowledge__ It sold one million copies, most of them Christmas presents from grandchildren.", "St Winifred's School Choir __knowledge__ It spent two weeks at number one, and 11 weeks in the UK Singles Chart in total.", "St Winifred's School Choir __knowledge__ Dawn Ralph provided the lead vocal of the song composed by award-winning record producer Gordon Lorenz." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is a fast food company that was founded in 1940 as a restaurant operated by Richard and Maurice McDonald, in San Bernardino, California, United States.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ They rechristened their business as a hamburger stand.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The first time a McDonald's franchise used the Golden Arches logo was in 1953 at a location in Phoenix, Arizona.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In 1955, Ray Kroc, a businessman, joined the company as a franchise agent and proceeded to purchase the chain from the McDonald brothers.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's had its original headquarters in Oak Brook, Illinois, but has approved plans to move its global headquarters to Chicago by 2018.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is the world's largest restaurant chain by revenue, serving over 69 million customers daily in over 100 countries across approximately 36,900 outlets as of 2016.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ Although McDonald's is known for its hamburgers, they also sell cheeseburgers, chicken products, french fries, breakfast items, soft drinks, milkshakes, wraps, and desserts.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In response to changing consumer tastes and a negative backlash because of the unhealthiness of their food, the company has added to its menu salads, fish, smoothies, and fruit.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The McDonald's Corporation revenues come from the rent, royalties, and fees paid by the franchisees, as well as sales in company-operated restaurants.", "List of Scream characters __knowledge__ Wes Craven's \"Scream\" series features a large cast of characters created primarily by Kevin Williamson with contributions from Craven and Ehren Kruger.", "List of Scream characters __knowledge__ The series focuses on the character of Sidney Prescott (Neve Campbell) and a succession of murderers who adopt a ghost-like disguise, dubbed Ghostface, to taunt and attempt to kill her.", "List of Scream characters __knowledge__ The series comprises four films: \"Scream\" (1996), \"Scream 2\" (1997), \"Scream 3\" (2000) and \"Scream 4\" (2011).", "List of Scream characters __knowledge__ Sidney is accompanied in each film by news reporter Gale Weathers (Courteney Cox) and town Deputy Sheriff Dewey Riley (David Arquette).", "List of Scream characters __knowledge__ Sidney is initially hostile to Gale, because Gale has written a book about the murder of Sidney's mother, but they grow closer in each successive film as they survive Ghostface's murder attempts.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ State of Florida v. George Zimmerman was a criminal prosecution of George Zimmerman on the charge of second-degree murder stemming from the shooting of Trayvon Martin on February 26, 2012.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ On April 11, 2012, George Zimmerman was charged with second-degree murder in the shooting death of 17-year-old Trayvon Martin.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ In support of the charges, the State filed an affidavit of probable cause, stating that Zimmerman profiled and confronted Martin and shot him to death while Martin was committing no crimes.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ Florida State Attorney Angela Corey announced the charges against Zimmerman during a televised press conference and reported that Zimmerman was in custody after turning himself in to law enforcement.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The Hamburger most likely first appeared in the 19th or early 20th century.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The modern hamburger was a product of the culinary needs of a society rapidly changing due to industrialization, the emergence of the working class and middle class and the demand for mass-produced, affordable food that could be consumed outside of the home.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Americans contend they were the first to combine two slices of bread and a steak of ground beef into a \"hamburger sandwich\" and sell it.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Part of the controversy over the origin of the hamburger is because the two basic ingredients, bread and beef, were prepared and consumed separately for many years before their combination.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1953, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper sandwich in 1957, and has since added non-beef items such as chicken, fish, and vegetarian offerings, including salads and meatless sandwiches.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ Other additions include a breakfast menu and beverages such as Icees, juices, and bottled waters.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ As the company expanded both inside and outside the United States, it introduced localized versions of its products that conform to regional tastes and cultural or religious beliefs.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ A hamburger, beefburger or burger is a sandwich consisting of one or more cooked patties of ground meat, usually beef, placed inside a sliced bread roll or bun.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The patty may be pan fried, barbecued, or flame broiled.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ Hamburgers are often served with cheese, lettuce, tomato, bacon, onion, pickles, or chiles; condiments such as mustard, mayonnaise, ketchup, relish, or \"special sauce\"; and are frequently placed on sesame seed buns.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ A hamburger topped with cheese is called a cheeseburger.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term \"burger\" can also be applied to the meat patty on its own, especially in the UK where the term \"patty\" is rarely used, or the term can even refer simply to ground beef.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "List of accompaniments to french fries __knowledge__ French fries are almost always salted just after cooking.", "List of accompaniments to french fries __knowledge__ They are then served with a variety of condiments, notably ketchup, curry, curry ketchup (mildly hot mix of the former two), hot or chili sauce, mustard, mayonnaise, honey mustard, bearnaise sauce, tartar sauce, tzatziki, feta cheese, garlic sauce, fry sauce, ranch dressing, barbecue sauce, gravy, brown sauce, vinegar (especially malt vinegar), lemon, piccalilli, pickled cucumber, gherkins, very small pickled onions, fresh cheese curds (especially Canada), or honey.", "List of accompaniments to french fries __knowledge__ Even the smallest Belgian town has a \"frietkot\" (literally, \"fries shack\").", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1955, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ The company did not add another permanent hamburger to its menu until the introduction of the Big King sandwich in 1996 in response to McDonald's Big Mac sandwich.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ The company began experimenting with premium hamburgers, made from higher quality ingredients, in 1978 with the introduction of its Specialty Sandwich product line.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's Corporation () is the world's largest chain of fast food restaurants, serving around 68 million customers daily in 119 countries.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's traces its origins to a 1940 restaurant in San Bernardino, California.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ After expanding within the United States, McDonald's became an international corporation in 1967, when it opened a location in Richmond, Canada.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ By the end of the 1970s, McDonald's restaurants existed in five of the Earth's seven continents; an African location came in 1992 in Cape Town,South Africa.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ In order to cater to local tastes and culinary traditions, and often in respect of particular laws or religious beliefs, McDonald's offers regionalized versions of its menu among and within different countries." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is a fast food company that was founded in 1940 as a restaurant operated by Richard and Maurice McDonald, in San Bernardino, California, United States.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ They rechristened their business as a hamburger stand.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The first time a McDonald's franchise used the Golden Arches logo was in 1953 at a location in Phoenix, Arizona.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In 1955, Ray Kroc, a businessman, joined the company as a franchise agent and proceeded to purchase the chain from the McDonald brothers.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's had its original headquarters in Oak Brook, Illinois, but has approved plans to move its global headquarters to Chicago by 2018.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is the world's largest restaurant chain by revenue, serving over 69 million customers daily in over 100 countries across approximately 36,900 outlets as of 2016.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ Although McDonald's is known for its hamburgers, they also sell cheeseburgers, chicken products, french fries, breakfast items, soft drinks, milkshakes, wraps, and desserts.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In response to changing consumer tastes and a negative backlash because of the unhealthiness of their food, the company has added to its menu salads, fish, smoothies, and fruit.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The McDonald's Corporation revenues come from the rent, royalties, and fees paid by the franchisees, as well as sales in company-operated restaurants.", "Sundae __knowledge__ The sundae () is a sweet ice cream dessert.", "Sundae __knowledge__ It typically consists of one or more scoops of ice cream topped with sauce or syrup, and in some cases other toppings including sprinkles, whipped cream, peanuts, maraschino cherries, or other fruits (e.g., bananas and pineapple in a banana split.).", "Sundae __knowledge__ According to the \"Oxford English Dictionary\", the origin of the term \"sundae\" is obscure; however, it is generally accepted that the spelling \"sundae\" derives from the English word \"Sunday\".", "Sundae __knowledge__ Among the many stories about the invention of the sundae, a frequent theme is that the ice cream sundae was a variation of the popular ice cream soda.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1953, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper sandwich in 1957, and has since added non-beef items such as chicken, fish, and vegetarian offerings, including salads and meatless sandwiches.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ Other additions include a breakfast menu and beverages such as Icees, juices, and bottled waters.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ As the company expanded both inside and outside the United States, it introduced localized versions of its products that conform to regional tastes and cultural or religious beliefs.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's Corporation () is the world's largest chain of fast food restaurants, serving around 68 million customers daily in 119 countries.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's traces its origins to a 1940 restaurant in San Bernardino, California.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ After expanding within the United States, McDonald's became an international corporation in 1967, when it opened a location in Richmond, Canada.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ By the end of the 1970s, McDonald's restaurants existed in five of the Earth's seven continents; an African location came in 1992 in Cape Town,South Africa.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ In order to cater to local tastes and culinary traditions, and often in respect of particular laws or religious beliefs, McDonald's offers regionalized versions of its menu among and within different countries.", "French fries __knowledge__ French fries (North American English), chips (British English), finger chips (Indian English), or French-fried potatoes are \"batonnet\" or \"allumette\"-cut deep-fried potatoes.", "French fries __knowledge__ In the United States and most of Canada, the term \"fries\" refers to all dishes of fried elongated pieces of potatoes, while in the United Kingdom, Australia, South Africa (rarely), Ireland and New Zealand, thinly cut fried potatoes are sometimes called \"shoestring fries\" or \"skinny fries\" to distinguish them from the thicker-cut \"chips\".", "French fries __knowledge__ French fries are served hot, either soft or crispy, and are generally eaten as part of lunch or dinner or by themselves as a snack, and they commonly appear on the menus of diners, fast food restaurants, pubs, and bars.", "Caramel color __knowledge__ Caramel color or caramel coloring is a water-soluble food coloring.", "Caramel color __knowledge__ It is made by heat treatment of carbohydrates, in general in the presence of acids, alkalis, or salts, in a process called caramelization.", "Caramel color __knowledge__ It is more fully oxidized than caramel candy, and has an odor of burnt sugar and a somewhat bitter taste.", "Caramel color __knowledge__ Its color ranges from pale yellow to amber to dark brown.", "Caramel color __knowledge__ Caramel color is one of the oldest and most widely used food colorings for enhancing naturally occurring colors, correcting natural variations in color, and replacing color that is lost to light degradation during food processing and storage.", "List of accompaniments to french fries __knowledge__ French fries are almost always salted just after cooking.", "List of accompaniments to french fries __knowledge__ They are then served with a variety of condiments, notably ketchup, curry, curry ketchup (mildly hot mix of the former two), hot or chili sauce, mustard, mayonnaise, honey mustard, bearnaise sauce, tartar sauce, tzatziki, feta cheese, garlic sauce, fry sauce, ranch dressing, barbecue sauce, gravy, brown sauce, vinegar (especially malt vinegar), lemon, piccalilli, pickled cucumber, gherkins, very small pickled onions, fresh cheese curds (especially Canada), or honey.", "List of accompaniments to french fries __knowledge__ Even the smallest Belgian town has a \"frietkot\" (literally, \"fries shack\").", "BK Chicken Fries __knowledge__ BK Chicken Fries are a fried chicken product sold by the international fast-food restaurant chain Burger King.", "BK Chicken Fries __knowledge__ At the time of their introduction in 2005, the company had intended Chicken Fries to be one of their larger, adult oriented products made with higher quality ingredients than their standard menu items.", "BK Chicken Fries __knowledge__ Additionally, the product further targeted the \"snacking\" and \"convenience food\" markets with a specific packaging design that was intended to be easier to handle and fit into automotive cup holders.", "BK Chicken Fries __knowledge__ The product was part of a series of product introductions designed to expand Burger King's menu with both more sophisticated fare and present a larger, meatier product that appealed to 24- to 36-year-old adult males.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1955, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ The company did not add another permanent hamburger to its menu until the introduction of the Big King sandwich in 1996 in response to McDonald's Big Mac sandwich.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ The company began experimenting with premium hamburgers, made from higher quality ingredients, in 1978 with the introduction of its Specialty Sandwich product line.", "Schnitzel __knowledge__ A schnitzel is meat, usually thinned by pounding with a meat tenderizer, that is fried in some kind of oil or fat.", "Schnitzel __knowledge__ The term is most commonly used to refer to meats coated with flour, beaten eggs and bread crumbs, and then fried, but some variants such as Walliser Schnitzel are not breaded.", "Schnitzel __knowledge__ Originating in Austria, the breaded schnitzel is popular in many countries and made using either veal, mutton, chicken, beef, turkey, reindeer, or pork.", "Schnitzel __knowledge__ It is very similar to the French dish escalope, and the milanesa of Uruguay and Argentina.", "Schnitzel __knowledge__ The German word \"Schnitzel\", Middle High German \"Snitzel\", is a diminutive of \"Sniz\" 'slice'.", "KFC __knowledge__ KFC, until 1991 known as Kentucky Fried Chicken, is an American fast food restaurant chain that specializes in fried chicken.", "KFC __knowledge__ Headquartered in Louisville, Kentucky, it is the world's second-largest restaurant chain (as measured by sales) after McDonald's, with almost 20,000 locations globally in 123 countries and territories .", "KFC __knowledge__ The chain is a subsidiary of Yum!", "KFC __knowledge__ Brands, a restaurant company that also owns the Pizza Hut and Taco Bell chains.", "KFC __knowledge__ KFC was founded by Colonel Harland Sanders, an entrepreneur who began selling fried chicken from his roadside restaurant in Corbin, Kentucky during the Great Depression." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is a fast food company that was founded in 1940 as a restaurant operated by Richard and Maurice McDonald, in San Bernardino, California, United States.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ They rechristened their business as a hamburger stand.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The first time a McDonald's franchise used the Golden Arches logo was in 1953 at a location in Phoenix, Arizona.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In 1955, Ray Kroc, a businessman, joined the company as a franchise agent and proceeded to purchase the chain from the McDonald brothers.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's had its original headquarters in Oak Brook, Illinois, but has approved plans to move its global headquarters to Chicago by 2018.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is the world's largest restaurant chain by revenue, serving over 69 million customers daily in over 100 countries across approximately 36,900 outlets as of 2016.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ Although McDonald's is known for its hamburgers, they also sell cheeseburgers, chicken products, french fries, breakfast items, soft drinks, milkshakes, wraps, and desserts.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In response to changing consumer tastes and a negative backlash because of the unhealthiness of their food, the company has added to its menu salads, fish, smoothies, and fruit.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The McDonald's Corporation revenues come from the rent, royalties, and fees paid by the franchisees, as well as sales in company-operated restaurants.", "Sundae __knowledge__ The sundae () is a sweet ice cream dessert.", "Sundae __knowledge__ It typically consists of one or more scoops of ice cream topped with sauce or syrup, and in some cases other toppings including sprinkles, whipped cream, peanuts, maraschino cherries, or other fruits (e.g., bananas and pineapple in a banana split.).", "Sundae __knowledge__ According to the \"Oxford English Dictionary\", the origin of the term \"sundae\" is obscure; however, it is generally accepted that the spelling \"sundae\" derives from the English word \"Sunday\".", "Sundae __knowledge__ Among the many stories about the invention of the sundae, a frequent theme is that the ice cream sundae was a variation of the popular ice cream soda.", "Caramel color __knowledge__ Caramel color or caramel coloring is a water-soluble food coloring.", "Caramel color __knowledge__ It is made by heat treatment of carbohydrates, in general in the presence of acids, alkalis, or salts, in a process called caramelization.", "Caramel color __knowledge__ It is more fully oxidized than caramel candy, and has an odor of burnt sugar and a somewhat bitter taste.", "Caramel color __knowledge__ Its color ranges from pale yellow to amber to dark brown.", "Caramel color __knowledge__ Caramel color is one of the oldest and most widely used food colorings for enhancing naturally occurring colors, correcting natural variations in color, and replacing color that is lost to light degradation during food processing and storage.", "Cadbury Dairy Milk Caramel __knowledge__ Cadbury Dairy Milk Caramel (better known and still referred to by its former name Cadbury's Caramel or Cadbury Caramel) is a chocolate bar that is part of the Cadbury Dairy Milk brand and is made by Cadbury UK and Cadbury Ireland.", "Cadbury Dairy Milk Caramel __knowledge__ The bar is sold in the United Kingdom, Ireland, the United States, Australia and New Zealand.", "Cadbury Dairy Milk Caramel __knowledge__ The bar was first launched in 1976, originally called Cadbury's Caramel until 2003, when it was renamed.", "Cadbury Dairy Milk Caramel __knowledge__ In early 2009 it was relaunched, with the Caramel name re-emphasised as the main on-pack brand, and the Dairy Milk brand logo reduced in size.", "Cadbury Dairy Milk Caramel __knowledge__ Cadbury Dairy Milk Caramel Milk chocolate with a soft caramel centre, launched 1976.", "Crème caramel __knowledge__ Crème caramel (), flan, or caramel pudding is a custard dessert with a layer of soft caramel on top, as opposed to crème brûlée, which is pudding with a hard caramel top.", "Crème caramel __knowledge__ The dish is eaten throughout the world.", "Crème caramel __knowledge__ Crème caramel used to be ubiquitous in European restaurants; food historian Alan Davidson remarks: Both \"crème caramel\" (French 'caramel cream') and \"flan\" are French names, but \"flan\" has come to have different meanings in different regions.", "Crème caramel __knowledge__ In Spanish-speaking countries and in North America, \"flan\" refers to crème caramel.", "Crème caramel __knowledge__ This was originally a Spanish usage, but the dish is now best known in the United States in a Latin American context.", "Otome wa Boku ni Koishiteru __knowledge__ , commonly known as , is a Japanese adult visual novel developed by Caramel Box and released on January 28, 2005 playable on Windows PCs.", "Otome wa Boku ni Koishiteru __knowledge__ The game was later ported to the PlayStation 2 and PlayStation Portable (PSP) with the adult content removed.", "Otome wa Boku ni Koishiteru __knowledge__ The Windows version was released in English by MangaGamer in 2012.", "Otome wa Boku ni Koishiteru __knowledge__ The story follows the life of Mizuho Miyanokouji, an androgynous male high school student, who transfers into an all-girls school due to his grandfather's will.", "Otome wa Boku ni Koishiteru __knowledge__ The gameplay in \"Otoboku\" follows a branching plot line which offers pre-determined scenarios with courses of interaction, and focuses on the appeal of the six female main characters by the player character.", "Lancaster Caramel Company __knowledge__ The Lancaster Caramel Company of Lancaster, Pennsylvania, was founded by Milton S. Hershey in 1886.", "Lancaster Caramel Company __knowledge__ It was Hershey's first successful candy company and helped him build a reputation.", "Lancaster Caramel Company __knowledge__ The business was first located in a warehouse on the west side of South Duke Street near Vine Street.", "Lancaster Caramel Company __knowledge__ However, the facilities lacked a boiler to cook the caramels and Hershey soon moved to an old factory building on Church Street that had once housed the Edison Electric Plant.", "Lancaster Caramel Company __knowledge__ The early months were a struggle, but a British candy importer placed a large order and the cashier at the Lancaster County National Bank backed a loan, enabling Hershey to purchase supplies.", "Caramel __knowledge__ Caramel ( or ) is a medium- to dark-orange confectionery product made by heating a variety of sugars.", "Caramel __knowledge__ It can be used as a flavoring in puddings and desserts, as a filling in bonbons, or as a topping for ice cream and custard.", "Caramel __knowledge__ The process of caramelization consists of heating sugar slowly to around .", "Caramel __knowledge__ As the sugar heats, the molecules break down and re-form into compounds with a characteristic color and flavor.", "Caramel __knowledge__ A variety of candies, desserts, and confections are made with caramel: brittles, nougats, pralines, crème brûlée, crème caramel, and caramel apples.", "Caramel __knowledge__ Ice creams sometimes are flavored with or contain swirls of caramel.", "Milkshake __knowledge__ A milkshake is a sweet, cold beverage which is usually made from milk, ice cream, or iced milk, and flavorings or sweeteners such as butterscotch, caramel sauce, chocolate syrup, or fruit syrup.", "Milkshake __knowledge__ Outside the United States, milkshakes using ice cream or iced milk are sometimes called a thick milkshake or thick shake; in New England, the term frappe may be used to differentiate it from thinner forms of flavored milk.", "Milkshake __knowledge__ Full-service restaurants, soda fountains, and diners usually prepare and mix the shake \"by hand\" from scoops of ice cream and milk in a blender or drink mixer using a stainless steel cup.", "List of The Grim Adventures of Billy & Mandy characters __knowledge__ The American animated television series \"The Grim Adventures of Billy & Mandy\" features a cast of fictional characters created by Maxwell Atoms.", "List of The Grim Adventures of Billy & Mandy characters __knowledge__ The series, which originally aired on Cartoon Network from June 13, 2003 to October 12, 2008, follows two children, a dimwitted boy named Billy (voiced by Richard Steven Horvitz) and a remorseless girl named Mandy (voiced by Grey DeLisle).", "List of The Grim Adventures of Billy & Mandy characters __knowledge__ After winning a limbo game to save Billy's pet hamster, the two gain the Grim Reaper (voiced by Greg Eagles) as their best friend for eternity, and come across a variety of supernatural or otherworldly characters and locations throughout the series.", "Drink __knowledge__ A drink or beverage is a liquid intended for human consumption.", "Drink __knowledge__ In addition to their basic function of satisfying thirst, drinks play important roles in human culture.", "Drink __knowledge__ Common types of drinks include plain water, milk, juices, coffee, tea, and soft drinks.", "Drink __knowledge__ In addition, alcoholic drinks such as wine, beer, and liquor, which contain the drug ethanol, have been part of human culture and development for 8,000 years.", "Drink __knowledge__ Non-alcoholic drinks often signify drinks that would normally contain alcohol, such as beer and wine, but are made with less than .5 percent alcohol by volume.", "Drink __knowledge__ The category includes drinks that have undergone an alcohol removal process such as non-alcoholic beers and de-alcoholized wines.", "Soft drink __knowledge__ A soft drink (see terminology for other names) is a drink that typically contains carbonated water (although lemonade, among others, is usually not carbonated), a sweetener, and a natural or artificial flavoring.", "Soft drink __knowledge__ The sweetener may be sugar, high-fructose corn syrup, fruit juice, sugar substitutes (in the case of diet drinks), or some combination of these.", "Soft drink __knowledge__ Soft drinks may also contain caffeine, colorings, preservatives, and other ingredients.", "Soft drink __knowledge__ Soft drinks are called \"soft\" in contrast with \"hard\" alcoholic beverages.", "Soft drink __knowledge__ Small amounts of alcohol may be present in a soft drink, but the alcohol content must be less than 0.5% of the total volume if the drink is to be considered non-alcoholic.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ This history of McDonald's is an overview of the original restaurant and of the chain.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ The McDonald family moved from Manchester, New Hampshire to Hollywood, California in the late 1930s, where brothers Richard and Maurice McDonald began working as set movers and handymen at Motion-Picture studios.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ In 1937, their father Patrick McDonald opened \"The Airdrome\", a food stand, on Huntington Drive (Route 66) near the Monrovia Airport in the Los Angeles County city of Monrovia, California with hot dogs being one of the first items sold.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ Hamburgers were later added to the menu at a cost of ten cents with all-you-can-drink orange juice at five cents.", "Milk bar __knowledge__ In Australia, a milk bar is a suburban local general store or café.", "Milk bar __knowledge__ Similar terms include tuck shops, delicatessens or \"delis\", and corner shops or corner stores (although by definition these are different establishments).", "Milk bar __knowledge__ Milk bars are traditionally a place where people pick up newspapers, and fast-food items like fish and chips and hamburgers, and where people can purchase milkshakes or lollies.", "Milk bar __knowledge__ The first business using the name \"milk bar\" was started in India in 1930 by an Englishman, James Meadow Charles when he opened \"Lake View Milk Bar\" at Bangalore.", "Milk bar __knowledge__ The concept soon spread to the United Kingdom, where it was encouraged by the Temperance Society as a morally acceptable alternative to the pub, and over 1,000 milk bars had opened nationally by the end of 1936." ] ]

[ 1, 7, 7, 7, 7 ]

[ "I quite like it, and it was actually founded in 1940.", "They're pretty cheap and have great fries and hamburgers.", "That's true, but it's hard to beat the value to taste ratio of their fries and even their chicken.", "I've never tried that, but I've tried their milkshakes and drinks.", "Sounds so good! They have great dessert for a fast food place. Also their wraps are underrated." ]

[ "McDonald's", "McDonald's", "McDonald's", "McDonald's", "McDonald's" ]

[ "Romaine lettuce\ni love me some Romaine Lettuce!", "oh yea? why is that?", "how did it get so popular ?", "ah i get it now.. well you have convinced me! i hate it as well." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Romaine or cos lettuce is a variety of lettuce (\"Lactuca sativa\" L. var.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ \"longifolia\") that grows in a tall head of sturdy leaves with firm ribs down their centers.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Unlike most lettuces, it is tolerant of heat.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ In British English, it is commonly known as \"cos lettuce\", and in North America as \"romaine\" lettuce.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Many dictionaries trace the word \"cos\" to the name of the Greek island of Cos, from which the lettuce was presumably introduced.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Other authorities trace \"cos\" to the Arabic word for lettuce, \"\" .", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ It apparently reached the West via Rome, as in Italian it is called \"lattuga romana\" and in French \"\", both meaning 'Roman lettuce', hence the name 'romaine', the common term in North American English.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ In North American supermarkets, romaine is very widely available year-round.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ The thick ribs, especially on the older outer leaves, should have a milky fluid which gives the romaine the typically fine-bitter herb taste.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Romaine is a common salad green, and is the usual lettuce used in Caesar salad.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Romaine lettuce is commonly used in Middle Eastern cuisine.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Romaine, like other lettuces, may also be cooked, for example braised or made into soup.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ For 3000 years from at least 2,700 BC Cos lettuce was associated with the Ancient Egyptian god of fertility, Min, for its resemblance to the phallus.", "Lettuce __knowledge__ Lettuce (\"Lactuca sativa\") is an annual plant of the daisy family, Asteraceae.", "Lettuce __knowledge__ It is most often grown as a leaf vegetable, but sometimes for its stem and seeds.", "Lettuce __knowledge__ Lettuce is most often used for salads, although it is also seen in other kinds of food, such as soups, sandwiches and wraps; it can also be grilled.", "Lettuce __knowledge__ One variety, the \" (), or asparagus lettuce (celtuce), is grown for its stems, which are eaten either raw or cooked.", "Lettuce __knowledge__ In addition to its main use as a leafy green, it has also gathered religious and medicinal significance over centuries of human consumption.", "Lettuce __knowledge__ Europe and North America originally dominated the market for lettuce, but by the late 20th century the consumption of lettuce had spread throughout the world.", "2012 Oregon State Beavers football team __knowledge__ The 2012 Oregon State Beavers football team represented Oregon State University during the 2012 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2012 Oregon State Beavers football team __knowledge__ The team's head coach was Mike Riley, in his tenth straight season and twelfth overall.", "2012 Oregon State Beavers football team __knowledge__ Home games were played at Reser Stadium in Corvallis, and they were members of the North Division of the Pac-12 Conference.", "2012 Oregon State Beavers football team __knowledge__ The Beavers finished the season 9–4 and 6–3 in Pac-12 play; third place in the North Division and fourth overall.", "2012 Oregon State Beavers football team __knowledge__ They were invited to the Alamo Bowl and were defeated by the Texas Longhorns.", "2012 Oregon State Beavers football team __knowledge__ Oregon State finished the 2011 season with a record of 3–9, 3–6 in Pac-12 play, placing 5th place in the North Division.", "Lettuce soup __knowledge__ Lettuce soup is a soup prepared with lettuce as a primary ingredient.", "Lettuce soup __knowledge__ It may be prepared with myriad lettuces and other ingredients, and some lettuce soups may use several cultivars of lettuce in their preparation.", "Lettuce soup __knowledge__ It is a part of French cuisine and Chinese cuisine.", "Lettuce soup __knowledge__ Cream of lettuce soup is a type of lettuce soup prepared using milk or cream.", "Lettuce soup __knowledge__ The soup may be served with toast or rolls as a side dish or with the soup atop them.", "Lettuce soup __knowledge__ It may be served as an appetizer, a side dish or as a main dish, and may be served hot or cold.", "Lettuce soup __knowledge__ Lettuce is a primary ingredient, and several types of lettuce can be used, such as butter lettuce, cos lettuce, Boston lettuce, romaine lettuce, green leaf lettuce and iceberg lettuce, among others.", "Green iguana in captivity __knowledge__ The Green Iguana (\"Iguana iguana\") has become popular in the pet trade – over 800,000 animals were imported into the United States alone during 1995, primarily originating from captive farming operations based in their native countries (Honduras, El Salvador, Colombia, and Panama).", "Green iguana in captivity __knowledge__ They can live to be 20 years old.", "Green iguana in captivity __knowledge__ In 1998 a National Iguana Awareness Day (NIAD) was established to discourage consumers from viewing iguanas as \"disposable pets\".", "Green iguana in captivity __knowledge__ Despite the low cost and \"mass market\" appeal of these animals they are demanding to care for properly over the course of their lifetimes.", "Green iguana in captivity __knowledge__ More often than not, diet, lighting, and other housing conditions for green iguana are inadequate (in a major way) causing 70% of green iguanas in captivity to die within their first year of life.", "Maror __knowledge__ Maror ( \"mārôr\") or Marror refers to the bitter herbs eaten at the Passover Seder in keeping with the biblical commandment \"with bitter herbs they shall eat it.\"", "Maror __knowledge__ (Exodus 12:8).", "Maror __knowledge__ In some listings of the 613 commandments, such as the \"Minchat Chinuch\", the biblical obligation to consume \"maror\" is included within the commandment to consume the meat of the sacrificial Paschal offering.", "Maror __knowledge__ Ever since the Paschal offering ceased to exist with the destruction of the Temple in Jerusalem in 70 CE, the obligation to consume \"maror\" on the first night of Passover has been rabbinical in nature.", "Maror __knowledge__ The only two biblical reference to the \"maror\" is the verse quoted above (Exodus 12:8) in which it is mentioned in reference to the offering, and in Numbers 9:11 where \"They are to eat the lamb, together with the unleavened bread and bitter herbs\".", "Chinese chicken salad __knowledge__ Chinese chicken salad is a salad with chopped chicken; therein, flavored with and styled by Chinese culinary ingredients and techniques that are both common and popularly adapted in parts of the United States.", "Chinese chicken salad __knowledge__ Though many variations exist, common features of most Chinese chicken salads contain: cut romaine lettuce and cabbage (or other lettuce); chicken (typically breast meat); deep-fried wonton (cut dough skins) or rice vermicelli; and nuts (sliced almonds, cashews or peanuts).", "Chinese chicken salad __knowledge__ A basic vinaigrette for the salad includes ingredients like vegetable oil, sesame oil, rice vinegar (or citrus juice); plus, optional seasonings such as dry hot mustard, sesame seeds, coriander and raw ginger or pickled ginger." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Romaine or cos lettuce is a variety of lettuce (\"Lactuca sativa\" L. var.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ \"longifolia\") that grows in a tall head of sturdy leaves with firm ribs down their centers.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Unlike most lettuces, it is tolerant of heat.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ In British English, it is commonly known as \"cos lettuce\", and in North America as \"romaine\" lettuce.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Many dictionaries trace the word \"cos\" to the name of the Greek island of Cos, from which the lettuce was presumably introduced.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Other authorities trace \"cos\" to the Arabic word for lettuce, \"\" .", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ It apparently reached the West via Rome, as in Italian it is called \"lattuga romana\" and in French \"\", both meaning 'Roman lettuce', hence the name 'romaine', the common term in North American English.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ In North American supermarkets, romaine is very widely available year-round.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ The thick ribs, especially on the older outer leaves, should have a milky fluid which gives the romaine the typically fine-bitter herb taste.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Romaine is a common salad green, and is the usual lettuce used in Caesar salad.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Romaine lettuce is commonly used in Middle Eastern cuisine.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Romaine, like other lettuces, may also be cooked, for example braised or made into soup.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ For 3000 years from at least 2,700 BC Cos lettuce was associated with the Ancient Egyptian god of fertility, Min, for its resemblance to the phallus.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Yea ( ) is a town in Victoria, Australia north-east of Melbourne at the junction of the Goulburn Valley Highway and the Melba Highway, in the Shire of Murrindindi local government area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ In an area originally inhabited by the Taungurong people, it was first visited by Europeans of the Hume and Hovell expedition in 1824, and within 15 years most of the land in the area had been taken up by graziers.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Surveyed in 1855, the township grew as a service centre for grazing, gold-mining and timber-getting in the area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ The town has had a fairly stable population (around 1,100) since 1900, though it now has a relatively old population.", "Butch Patterson: Private Dick __knowledge__ Butch Patterson: Private Dick is a Canadian serial comedy television series centering on the seedy exploits of a self-described premature ejaculating, alcoholic, kleptomaniac, sexually deviant private detective played by Canadian actor/comedian Greg Lawrence.", "Butch Patterson: Private Dick __knowledge__ The series had a three season run, airing on The Comedy Network.", "Butch Patterson: Private Dick __knowledge__ Although the show was not a critical or commercial success, it maintains a small cult following.", "Butch Patterson: Private Dick __knowledge__ After the series' initial run, reruns were featured on the now defunct CBC Country Canada.", "Butch Patterson: Private Dick __knowledge__ Since then, all three original seasons have been released on DVD.", "Butch Patterson: Private Dick __knowledge__ Most of the episodes are focused around the cases that Butch Patterson is investigating at the time.", "Oh Yeah (Ash song) __knowledge__ \"Oh Yeah\" (occasionally spelt as \"Oh Yea\") is a song by Ash, released as the fifth single from their album \"1977\" on 24 June 1996.", "Oh Yeah (Ash song) __knowledge__ It was released as a single CD, a 7\" vinyl (the limited edition 7\" was yellow and came with a picture sleeve), and as a cassette.", "Oh Yeah (Ash song) __knowledge__ The UK Promo version of the track is thought of as quite rare, and a collector's item between fans.", "Oh Yeah (Ash song) __knowledge__ It comes on orange 7\" vinyl and has the same track on both sides.", "Oh Yeah (Ash song) __knowledge__ \"Oh Yeah\" was the first single released after the release of \"1977\" and was their second Top 10 single, reaching number 6 in the UK singles chart.", "Oh Yeah (Ash song) __knowledge__ It is probably Ash's best-known song and one of the best known from the Brit-Pop period.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Lacy Walter Giles Yea (20 May 1808 – 18 June 1855) was a British Army colonel, known for his role in the Crimean War, where he was killed in action.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Born in Park Row, Bristol, on 20 May 1808, he was eldest son of Sir William Walter Yea, second baronet, of Pyrland, near Taunton, Somerset, who married, on 24 June 1805, Anne Heckstetter (d. 1846), youngest daughter of Colonel David Michel of Dulish House, Dorset.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Lacy Yea was educated at Eton College.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ He was commissioned as ensign in the 37th foot on 6 October 1825, obtained an unattached lieutenancy on 19 December 1826, was appointed to the 5th Foot on 13 March 1827, and exchanged to the 7th (Royal Fusiliers) on 13 March 1828.", "One Second (Yello album) __knowledge__ One Second is Yello's fifth original studio album, having been preceded by a 'new mix' compilation the previous year.", "One Second (Yello album) __knowledge__ Released in 1987, the album is noteworthy for featuring both Billy MacKenzie and Shirley Bassey, the latter singing vocals on \"The Rhythm Divine\".", "One Second (Yello album) __knowledge__ The songs \"Call It Love\", \"Si Senor The Hairy Grill\", \"Moon On Ice\", \"Hawaiian Chance\" were used on episodes of \"Miami Vice\" and the song \"Santiago\" used as a sample from Dunya Yunis' \"Abu Zeluf\".", "One Second (Yello album) __knowledge__ A couple of songs were also used in the 1990 film \"Nuns on the Run\".", "One Second (Yello album) __knowledge__ The song \"Si Senor The Hairy Grill\" was used as theme song for the Fox TV show \"The Edge\".", "Zameer Rizvi __knowledge__ Zameer Rizvi (born 5 February 1981) is a Canadian singer/songwriter, musician and composer.", "Zameer Rizvi __knowledge__ As a songwriter, Zameer's subject matter is usually inspired by personal experiences.", "Zameer Rizvi __knowledge__ His songs vary anywhere from upbeat party-like music, to soulful reflective music, to political music reflecting his views on social justice.", "Zameer Rizvi __knowledge__ His honest writing style earned him worldwide recognition when his song about social injustice against athletes with disabilities, \"Win or Defeat\", was licensed as a theme song by the 2010 Paralympic Games.", "Zameer Rizvi __knowledge__ Rizvi went on to perform the song at the 2010 Olympic Games.", "Zameer Rizvi __knowledge__ Rizvi garnered further success with strong sales of his debut album \"From Under the Bleachers\" from which the single \"Glory of Love\" rose to the 73rd spot on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 charts.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Yes and no, or word pairs with a similar usage , are expressions of the affirmative and the negative, respectively, in several languages including English.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages make distinction between answers to affirmative versus negative questions, thus may have triplet or quadruplets of words instead.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ English originally used a four-form system up to and including Early Middle English but Modern English has reduced this to a two-form system consisting of just 'yes' and 'no'.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ It exists in eye blink communication, Morse Code, sign language, and maybe in color coded flag communication.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages do not answer yes–no questions with single words meaning 'yes' or 'no'.", "Lettuce __knowledge__ Lettuce (\"Lactuca sativa\") is an annual plant of the daisy family, Asteraceae.", "Lettuce __knowledge__ It is most often grown as a leaf vegetable, but sometimes for its stem and seeds.", "Lettuce __knowledge__ Lettuce is most often used for salads, although it is also seen in other kinds of food, such as soups, sandwiches and wraps; it can also be grilled.", "Lettuce __knowledge__ One variety, the \" (), or asparagus lettuce (celtuce), is grown for its stems, which are eaten either raw or cooked.", "Lettuce __knowledge__ In addition to its main use as a leafy green, it has also gathered religious and medicinal significance over centuries of human consumption.", "Lettuce __knowledge__ Europe and North America originally dominated the market for lettuce, but by the late 20th century the consumption of lettuce had spread throughout the world.", "Lettuce soup __knowledge__ Lettuce soup is a soup prepared with lettuce as a primary ingredient.", "Lettuce soup __knowledge__ It may be prepared with myriad lettuces and other ingredients, and some lettuce soups may use several cultivars of lettuce in their preparation.", "Lettuce soup __knowledge__ It is a part of French cuisine and Chinese cuisine.", "Lettuce soup __knowledge__ Cream of lettuce soup is a type of lettuce soup prepared using milk or cream.", "Lettuce soup __knowledge__ The soup may be served with toast or rolls as a side dish or with the soup atop them.", "Lettuce soup __knowledge__ It may be served as an appetizer, a side dish or as a main dish, and may be served hot or cold.", "Lettuce soup __knowledge__ Lettuce is a primary ingredient, and several types of lettuce can be used, such as butter lettuce, cos lettuce, Boston lettuce, romaine lettuce, green leaf lettuce and iceberg lettuce, among others.", "2012 Oregon State Beavers football team __knowledge__ The 2012 Oregon State Beavers football team represented Oregon State University during the 2012 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2012 Oregon State Beavers football team __knowledge__ The team's head coach was Mike Riley, in his tenth straight season and twelfth overall.", "2012 Oregon State Beavers football team __knowledge__ Home games were played at Reser Stadium in Corvallis, and they were members of the North Division of the Pac-12 Conference.", "2012 Oregon State Beavers football team __knowledge__ The Beavers finished the season 9–4 and 6–3 in Pac-12 play; third place in the North Division and fourth overall.", "2012 Oregon State Beavers football team __knowledge__ They were invited to the Alamo Bowl and were defeated by the Texas Longhorns.", "2012 Oregon State Beavers football team __knowledge__ Oregon State finished the 2011 season with a record of 3–9, 3–6 in Pac-12 play, placing 5th place in the North Division.", "Lettuce production in China __knowledge__ China is the world leader in lettuce production, producing approximately half of the world's lettuce.", "Lettuce production in China __knowledge__ Stem lettuce is grown in the country and the stems are prepared as a cooked vegetable.", "Lettuce production in China __knowledge__ According to estimates given by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) in 2006, China produced around 11,005,000 metric tonnes of lettuce on 500,250 hectares of land.", "Lettuce production in China __knowledge__ In 2010, the FAO reported that some of lettuce were produced during that year.", "Lettuce production in China __knowledge__ Chinese Taipei (Taiwan) is also a producer of good quality head lettuce, which is an export commodity.", "Lettuce production in China __knowledge__ China first started growing lettuce (\"Lactuta sativa L\".)", "Lettuce production in China __knowledge__ in the seventh century, according to one source, although another source writes that lettuce was introduced earlier, in the fifth century.", "Lettuce sandwich __knowledge__ A lettuce sandwich is a wrap with lettuce substituted for the bread, or a sandwich with a filling consisting primarily of lettuce.", "Lettuce sandwich __knowledge__ It should not be confused with other sandwiches that use lettuce as one of many ingredients, such as the BLT sandwich or the tomato and lettuce sandwich.", "Lettuce sandwich __knowledge__ The lettuce sandwich has a long history in both the United States and the United Kingdom.", "Lettuce sandwich __knowledge__ It has been used as a metaphor to represent things like mundanity, weakness and poverty.", "Lettuce sandwich __knowledge__ The lettuce sandwich was mentioned in print as early as 1894 in \"The Century Illustrated Monthly Magazine\".", "Lettuce sandwich __knowledge__ The lettuce sandwich (bread with a lettuce filling) was a common food in the United States and England during the first half of the 20th century.", "Chinese chicken salad __knowledge__ Chinese chicken salad is a salad with chopped chicken; therein, flavored with and styled by Chinese culinary ingredients and techniques that are both common and popularly adapted in parts of the United States.", "Chinese chicken salad __knowledge__ Though many variations exist, common features of most Chinese chicken salads contain: cut romaine lettuce and cabbage (or other lettuce); chicken (typically breast meat); deep-fried wonton (cut dough skins) or rice vermicelli; and nuts (sliced almonds, cashews or peanuts).", "Chinese chicken salad __knowledge__ A basic vinaigrette for the salad includes ingredients like vegetable oil, sesame oil, rice vinegar (or citrus juice); plus, optional seasonings such as dry hot mustard, sesame seeds, coriander and raw ginger or pickled ginger." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Romaine or cos lettuce is a variety of lettuce (\"Lactuca sativa\" L. var.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ \"longifolia\") that grows in a tall head of sturdy leaves with firm ribs down their centers.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Unlike most lettuces, it is tolerant of heat.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ In British English, it is commonly known as \"cos lettuce\", and in North America as \"romaine\" lettuce.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Many dictionaries trace the word \"cos\" to the name of the Greek island of Cos, from which the lettuce was presumably introduced.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Other authorities trace \"cos\" to the Arabic word for lettuce, \"\" .", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ It apparently reached the West via Rome, as in Italian it is called \"lattuga romana\" and in French \"\", both meaning 'Roman lettuce', hence the name 'romaine', the common term in North American English.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ In North American supermarkets, romaine is very widely available year-round.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ The thick ribs, especially on the older outer leaves, should have a milky fluid which gives the romaine the typically fine-bitter herb taste.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Romaine is a common salad green, and is the usual lettuce used in Caesar salad.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Romaine lettuce is commonly used in Middle Eastern cuisine.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Romaine, like other lettuces, may also be cooked, for example braised or made into soup.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ For 3000 years from at least 2,700 BC Cos lettuce was associated with the Ancient Egyptian god of fertility, Min, for its resemblance to the phallus.", "History of As the World Turns __knowledge__ As the World Turns is a long-running soap opera television series that aired on CBS from April 2, 1956, to September 17, 2010.", "History of As the World Turns __knowledge__ Its fictional world has a long and involved history.", "History of As the World Turns __knowledge__ List of characters who were part of the original cast: Like many daytime dramas of the period, the show entered into a mixed experiment with heavily youth-oriented action-adventure storylines in the early 1980s under producer Mary-Ellis Bunim and writers Bridget and Jerome Dobson.", "History of As the World Turns __knowledge__ One of their juiciest stories centered around the various and sundry traumas endured by Jennifer's daughter Barbara Ryan (Colleen Zenk Pinter) - during the years of her marriage to the charismatic criminal James Stenbeck (Anthony Herrera) (This was after she had left Tom Hughes at the altar in June 1980).", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that first appeared in the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\" in 2017, by order of first appearance.", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ All characters are introduced by the show's executive producer Sean O'Connor or, from 27 November, his successor as executive consultant, John Yorke.", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ The first character to be introduced was Keegan Baker (Zack Morris), a friend of Shakil Kazemi (Shaheen Jafargholi), followed by Emerald Fox (Doña Croll), the mother of Denise Fox (Diane Parish) and Kim Fox-Hubbard (Tameka Empson).", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ Madison Drake (Seraphina Beh), Alexandra D'Costa (Sydney Craven) and Travis Law-Hughes (Alex James-Phelps), three new teenage characters, were also introduced in January as well as their school teacher Mr Gethin Pryce (Cerith Flinn) and Hugo Browning (Simon Williams), the chairman of Weyland & Co.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas traditions vary from country to country.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas celebrations for many nations include the installing and lighting of Christmas trees, the hanging of Advent wreaths, Christmas stockings, candy canes, and the creation of Nativity scenes depicting the birth of Jesus Christ.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas carols may be sung and stories told about such figures as the Baby Jesus, St Nicholas, Santa Claus, Father Christmas, Christkind or Grandfather Frost.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ The sending and exchange of Christmas card greetings, observance of fasting and special religious observances such as a midnight Mass or Vespers on Christmas Eve, the burning of a Yule log, and the giving and receiving of presents.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ is the longest-running noontime variety show in the Philippines.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The show has featured hundreds of segments and competitions since its debut on July 30, 1979.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The following is an incomplete list of the segments of \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ throughout its thirty-eight year run on television.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The segments are organized alphabetically by title.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ It is a special segment that has a similar concept with \"I Object, Your Honor\" and \"I Object, #NasaanAngHustisya?", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \", that tests the cleverness and originality of the \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ hosts.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The hosts are divided into two teams.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ In each round, both teams are given one specific object.", "List of As Told by Ginger characters __knowledge__ Throughout the various episodes in \"As Told by Ginger\", a number of recurring characters appear.", "List of As Told by Ginger characters __knowledge__ Prominent characters are listed here.", "List of As Told by Ginger characters __knowledge__ Ginger Foutley is an average 14-year-old girl and the main protagonist in the series.", "List of As Told by Ginger characters __knowledge__ She was not considered \"popular\" until Courtney Gripling, the stereotypical \"school diva\", decided to befriend her.", "List of As Told by Ginger characters __knowledge__ Through Ginger, Courtney is able to view how the world works outside of the popular clique.", "List of As Told by Ginger characters __knowledge__ However, Courtney's \"right-hand woman\", Miranda Killgallen, becomes increasingly jealous of Courtney and Ginger's relationship, and stops at nothing to relegate Ginger to her previous role of geek.", "California Trail __knowledge__ The California Trail was an emigrant trail of about across the western half of the North American continent from Missouri River towns to what is now the state of California.", "California Trail __knowledge__ After it was established, the first half of the California Trail followed the same corridor of networked river valley trails as the Oregon Trail and the Mormon Trail, namely the valleys of the Platte, North Platte and Sweetwater rivers to Wyoming.", "California Trail __knowledge__ In the present states of Wyoming, Idaho, and Utah, the California and Oregon trails split into several different trails or cutoffs.", "California Trail __knowledge__ By 1847, two former fur trading frontier forts marked trailheads for major alternative routes through Utah and Wyoming to Northern California.", "List of General Hospital characters (2000s) __knowledge__ \"General Hospital\" is the longest running American television serial drama, airing on ABC.", "List of General Hospital characters (2000s) __knowledge__ Created by Frank and Doris Hursley, who originally set it in a general hospital (hence the title), in an unnamed fictional city.", "List of General Hospital characters (2000s) __knowledge__ In the 1970s, the city was named Port Charles, New York.", "List of General Hospital characters (2000s) __knowledge__ The series premiered on April 1, 1963.", "List of General Hospital characters (2000s) __knowledge__ This is a list of notable characters who significantly impacted storylines and began their run, or significantly returned, from the years 2000 to 2009.", "List of General Hospital characters (2000s) __knowledge__ Sage Alcazar is a fictional character on the ABC soap opera, General Hospital.", "List of General Hospital characters (2000s) __knowledge__ She was portrayed by Eileen Boylan in 2003, and then by Katie Stuart in 2004.", "Domestic rabbit __knowledge__ A domestic rabbit or domesticated rabbit (\"Oryctolagus\"), more commonly known as simply a rabbit, is any of the domesticated varieties of the European rabbit species.", "Domestic rabbit __knowledge__ Rabbits were first domesticated in the Middle Ages, and are used as sources of food, fur, and wool, as research subjects, and as pets.", "Domestic rabbit __knowledge__ The male is called a \"buck,\" the female a \"doe,\" and a young rabbit is a \"kit\" or \"bunny\".", "Domestic rabbit __knowledge__ Phoenician sailors visiting the coast of Spain c. 12th century BC, mistaking the European rabbit for a species from their homeland (the rock hyrax \"Procavia capensis\"), gave it the name \"i-shepan-ham\" (land or island of hyraxes).", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ The films listed below have been cited by a variety of notable critics in varying media sources as being among the worst films ever made.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ Examples of such sources include Metacritic, Roger Ebert's list of most-hated films, \"The Golden Turkey Awards\", \"Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide\", Rotten Tomatoes, the Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\", and the Golden Raspberry Awards (\"Razzies\").", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ \"Reefer Madness\" (originally released as \"Tell Your Children\" and sometimes titled or subtitled as \"The Burning Question\", \"Dope Addict\", \"Doped Youth\", and \"Love Madness\") is a 1936 American exploitation film and propaganda work revolving around the melodramatic events that ensue when high school students are lured by pushers to try marijuana—from a hit and run accident, to manslaughter, suicide, attempted rape, and descent into madness.", "Cuniculture __knowledge__ Cuniculture is the agricultural practice of breeding and raising domestic rabbits as livestock, usually for their meat, fur, or wool.", "Cuniculture __knowledge__ Some people, called \"rabbit fanciers\", practice cuniculture predominantly for ornamental exhibition.", "Cuniculture __knowledge__ The distribution of rabbit farming varies around the globe, and while it is on the decline in some nations, in others it is expanding.", "Cuniculture __knowledge__ Phoenician sailors visiting the coast of Spain c. 12th century BC, mistaking the European rabbit for a species from their homeland (the rock hyrax \"Procavia capensis\"), gave it the name \"i-shepan-ham\" (land or island of hyraxes).", "Cuniculture __knowledge__ A theory exists that a corruption of this name, used by the Romans, became the Latin name for Spain, Hispania – although this theory is somewhat controversial.", "Who Framed Roger Rabbit __knowledge__ Who Framed Roger Rabbit is a 1988 American live-action/animated fantasy film directed by Robert Zemeckis, produced by Frank Marshall and Robert Watts, and written by Jeffrey Price and Peter S. Seaman.", "Who Framed Roger Rabbit __knowledge__ The film is based on Gary K. Wolf's 1981 novel \"Who Censored Roger Rabbit?\"", "Who Framed Roger Rabbit __knowledge__ The film stars Bob Hoskins, Christopher Lloyd, Charles Fleischer, Stubby Kaye, and Joanna Cassidy.", "Who Framed Roger Rabbit __knowledge__ Combining live-action and animation, the film is set in Hollywood during the late 1940s, where animated characters and people co-exist.", "Who Framed Roger Rabbit __knowledge__ The story follows Eddie Valiant, a private detective who must exonerate \"Toon\" Roger Rabbit, who is accused of murdering a wealthy businessman.", "New York Central Railroad __knowledge__ The New York Central Railroad was a railroad operating in the Northeastern United States.", "New York Central Railroad __knowledge__ Headquartered in New York City, the railroad served most of the Northeast, including extensive trackage in the states of New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Michigan, Indiana, Illinois, Massachusetts and West Virginia plus additional trackage in the Canadian provinces of Ontario and Quebec.", "New York Central Railroad __knowledge__ The railroad primarily connected greater New York and Boston in the east with Chicago and St. Louis in the midwest along with the intermediate cities of Albany, Buffalo, Cleveland, Cincinnati, and Detroit.", "New York Central Railroad __knowledge__ The NYC's Grand Central Terminal in New York City is one of its best known extant landmarks.", "John Updike __knowledge__ John Hoyer Updike (March 18, 1932 – January 27, 2009) was an American novelist, poet, short story writer, art critic, and literary critic.", "John Updike __knowledge__ One of only three writers to win the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction more than once (the others were Booth Tarkington and William Faulkner), Updike published more than twenty novels, more than a dozen short-story collections, as well as poetry, art and literary criticism and children's books during his career.", "John Updike __knowledge__ Hundreds of his stories, reviews, and poems appeared in \"The New Yorker\" starting in 1954.", "John Updike __knowledge__ He also wrote regularly for \"The New York Review of Books\".", "John Updike __knowledge__ His most famous work is his \"Rabbit\" series (the novels \"Rabbit, Run\"; \"Rabbit Redux\"; \"Rabbit Is Rich\"; \"Rabbit at Rest\"; and the novella \"Rabbit Remembered\"), which chronicles the life of the middle-class everyman Harry \"Rabbit\" Angstrom over the course of several decades, from young adulthood to death." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Romaine or cos lettuce is a variety of lettuce (\"Lactuca sativa\" L. var.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ \"longifolia\") that grows in a tall head of sturdy leaves with firm ribs down their centers.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Unlike most lettuces, it is tolerant of heat.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ In British English, it is commonly known as \"cos lettuce\", and in North America as \"romaine\" lettuce.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Many dictionaries trace the word \"cos\" to the name of the Greek island of Cos, from which the lettuce was presumably introduced.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Other authorities trace \"cos\" to the Arabic word for lettuce, \"\" .", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ It apparently reached the West via Rome, as in Italian it is called \"lattuga romana\" and in French \"\", both meaning 'Roman lettuce', hence the name 'romaine', the common term in North American English.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ In North American supermarkets, romaine is very widely available year-round.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ The thick ribs, especially on the older outer leaves, should have a milky fluid which gives the romaine the typically fine-bitter herb taste.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Romaine is a common salad green, and is the usual lettuce used in Caesar salad.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Romaine lettuce is commonly used in Middle Eastern cuisine.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Romaine, like other lettuces, may also be cooked, for example braised or made into soup.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ For 3000 years from at least 2,700 BC Cos lettuce was associated with the Ancient Egyptian god of fertility, Min, for its resemblance to the phallus.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 (樱野3加1), also known as Sakurano in the Philippines, is a Taiwanese drama that airs Sunday on TTV/SETTV.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ This drama brings back Ming Dao and Joe Chen Qiao En.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Xia Tian, Jia Jiang, Fang Wei, and Bulu all grew up on Westside Street together and currently study in Ying Ye School, one month away from graduation.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Xia Tian's dad is a police officer in Westside Street and is retiring tomorrow.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ But just on that day, they all had a fight at school with the Dinosaur gang, and were almost expelled by the principal.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Officer Xia went to settle the conflict and not only did it not get settled, his gun got misplaced by the principal too.", "Boeing AH-64 Apache __knowledge__ The Boeing AH-64 Apache is an American four-blade, twin-turboshaft attack helicopter with a tailwheel-type landing gear arrangement and a tandem cockpit for a two-man crew.", "Boeing AH-64 Apache __knowledge__ It features a nose-mounted sensor suite for target acquisition and night vision systems.", "Boeing AH-64 Apache __knowledge__ It is armed with a M230 chain gun carried between the main landing gear, under the aircraft's forward fuselage, and four hardpoints mounted on stub-wing pylons for carrying armament and stores, typically a mixture of AGM-114 Hellfire missiles and Hydra 70 rocket pods.", "Boeing AH-64 Apache __knowledge__ The AH-64 has a large amount of systems redundancy to improve combat survivability.", "My Lovely Hate __knowledge__ My Lovely Hate or My Lovely Ah Mone (Chit Hla Swar Thaw Ah Mone) () is a 2016 Burmese drama film directed by Wyne (Own Creator).", "My Lovely Hate __knowledge__ It was based on a novel of Ponnya Khin.", "My Lovely Hate __knowledge__ Aung Ye Lin, Thet Mon Myint and Wut Hmone Shwe Yee starred as the main characters.", "My Lovely Hate __knowledge__ The name Ah Hmone's translation in English Language is Hate.", "My Lovely Hate __knowledge__ Moe Sat May's mother was dead and she was a teacher.", "My Lovely Hate __knowledge__ One day, Moe Sat May's father fetched a girl as his wife without love.", "My Lovely Hate __knowledge__ He married her for his mistakes.", "My Lovely Hate __knowledge__ The girl's name is Ah Mone (translation in English Language is Hate).", "My Lovely Hate __knowledge__ Moe Sat May can't protest her father because she was in fear of her father.", "Devil Beside You __knowledge__ Devil Beside You () is a 2005 Taiwanese drama starring Mike He, Rainie Yang and Kingone Wang.", "Devil Beside You __knowledge__ It is based on Japanese manga \"Akuma de Sourou\", , written by Mitsuba Takanashi.", "Devil Beside You __knowledge__ It was produced by Comic Ritz International Production (可米瑞智國際藝能有限公司) with Chai Zhi Ping () as producer and directed by Lin He Long ().", "Devil Beside You __knowledge__ The series was first broadcast in Taiwan on free-to-air China Television (CTV) (中視) from 26 June to 18 September 2005 and cable TV Eastern Television (ETTV) (東森) for 20 episodes.", "Devil Beside You __knowledge__ The story begins with Qi Yue (Rainie Yang) planning to confess her liking to the basketball team captain, Yuan Yi (Kingone Wang).", "Sunshine Heartbeat __knowledge__ Sunshine Heartbeat (Chinese title: 赤沙印記@四葉草.2) is a 2004 Hong Kong television series.", "Sunshine Heartbeat __knowledge__ The story centres on volleyball and high school.", "Sunshine Heartbeat __knowledge__ This series is based on high school life, love, and one sport - volleyball.", "Sunshine Heartbeat __knowledge__ When Mia (Vivien Yeo) was young, she and her sisters, Ah Kiu (Charmaine Li), and Yan Yan (Yoyo Chen) met a fortune teller.", "Sunshine Heartbeat __knowledge__ Mia was given a bag and told to open it when she turns 18 and it would guide her to her true love.", "Sunshine Heartbeat __knowledge__ The fortune teller told her to choose carefully so she wouldn't hurt her family.", "Sunshine Heartbeat __knowledge__ Mia and her sisters buried the bag in a box and promised not to open it until Mia turned 18.", "Banu Khuza'a __knowledge__ The Banū Khuza’ah (Arabic بنو خزاعة singular خزاعيّ Khuzā’ī) is the name of an Azdite, Qaḥṭānite tribe (some say Muḑarite ‘Adnānite), which is one of the main ancestral tribes of the Arabian Peninsula.", "Banu Khuza'a __knowledge__ They ruled Mecca for a long period, and most of the tribe now live in and around that city, but are also present in lesser numbers in other countries, mainly Israel, the Palestinian Territories, Iraq and Jordan but also small numbers can be found in Lebanon, Egypt, Libya, Syria, Qatar, Bahrain, Kuwait and UAE.", "Banu Khuza'a __knowledge__ They participated in the Battle of the Trench.", "Banu Khuza'a __knowledge__ The Banu Nadir began rousing the nomads of Najd.", "Chung Keng Quee __knowledge__ Capitan China Chung Keng Quee (, 182113 December1901) was the founder and administrator of modern Taiping in Perak, Malaysia.", "Chung Keng Quee __knowledge__ Appointed \"Capitan China\" by the British in 1877, he was a millionaire philanthropist and known as an innovator in the mining of tin.", "Chung Keng Quee __knowledge__ He was involved in many other industries including farming, pawnbroking and logging.", "Chung Keng Quee __knowledge__ He was respected by both Chinese and European communities in the early colonial settlement.", "Chung Keng Quee __knowledge__ His survival in the chaotic era owes much to his standing as leader of the Hai San, a Chinese secret society in British Malaya during the time of the Larut Wars (1862–73).", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ Malaysian cuisine consists of cooking traditions and practices found in Malaysia, and reflects the multiethnic makeup of its population.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ The vast majority of Malaysia's population can roughly be divided among three major ethnic groups: Malays, Chinese and Indians.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ The remainder consists of the indigenous peoples of Sabah and Sarawak in East Malaysia, the Orang Asli of Peninsular Malaysia, the Peranakan and Eurasian creole communities, as well as a significant number of foreign workers and expatriates.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ As a result of historical migrations, colonisation by foreign powers, and its geographical position within its wider home region, Malaysia's culinary style in the present day is primarily a melange of traditions from its Malay, Chinese, Indian, Indonesian and ethnic Bornean citizens, with heavy to light influences from Thai, Portuguese, Dutch, and British cuisines, to name a few.", "Password __knowledge__ A password is a word or string of characters used for user authentication to prove identity or access approval to gain access to a resource (example: an access code is a type of password), which is to be kept secret from those not allowed access.", "Password __knowledge__ The use of passwords is known to be ancient.", "Password __knowledge__ Sentries would challenge those wishing to enter an area or approaching it to supply a password or \"watchword\", and would only allow a person or group to pass if they knew the password.", "Password __knowledge__ In modern times, user names and passwords are commonly used by people during a log in process that controls access to protected computer operating systems, mobile phones, cable TV decoders, automated teller machines (ATMs), etc.", "Guessing __knowledge__ A guess (or an act of guessing) is a swift conclusion drawn from data directly at hand, and held as probable or tentative, while the person making the guess (the guesser) admittedly lacks material for a greater degree of certainty.", "Guessing __knowledge__ A guess is also an unstable answer, as it is \"always putative, fallible, open to further revision and interpretation, and validated against the horizon of possible meanings by showing that one interpretation is more probable than another in light of what we already know\".", "Guessing __knowledge__ In many of its uses, \"the meaning of guessing is assumed as implicitly understood\", and the term is therefore often used without being meticulously defined.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Password strength __knowledge__ Password strength is a measure of the effectiveness of a password against guessing or brute-force attacks.", "Password strength __knowledge__ In its usual form, it estimates how many trials an attacker who does not have direct access to the password would need, on average, to guess it correctly.", "Password strength __knowledge__ The strength of a password is a function of length, complexity, and unpredictability.", "Password strength __knowledge__ Using strong passwords lowers overall risk of a security breach, but strong passwords do not replace the need for other effective security controls.", "Password strength __knowledge__ The effectiveness of a password of a given strength is strongly determined by the design and implementation of the factors (knowledge, ownership, inherence).", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ is the longest-running noontime variety show in the Philippines.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The show has featured hundreds of segments and competitions since its debut on July 30, 1979.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The following is an incomplete list of the segments of \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ throughout its thirty-eight year run on television.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The segments are organized alphabetically by title.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ It is a special segment that has a similar concept with \"I Object, Your Honor\" and \"I Object, #NasaanAngHustisya?", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \", that tests the cleverness and originality of the \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ hosts.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The hosts are divided into two teams.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ In each round, both teams are given one specific object.", "Colocasia esculenta __knowledge__ Colocasia esculenta is a tropical plant grown primarily for its edible corms, the root vegetables most commonly known as taro.", "Colocasia esculenta __knowledge__ It is believed to be one of the earliest cultivated plants.", "Colocasia esculenta __knowledge__ Linnaeus originally described two species which are now known as \"Colocasia esculenta\" and \"Colocasia antiquorum\" of the cultivated plants that are known by many names including eddoes, dasheen, taro and madumbi, but many later botanists consider them all to be members of a single, very variable species, the correct name for which is \"Colocasia esculenta\".", "Colocasia esculenta __knowledge__ Taro () commonly refers to the plant \"Colocasia esculenta\", the most widely cultivated species of several plants in the Araceae family which are used as vegetables for their corms, leaves, and petioles." ] ]

[ 1, 7, 8, 9 ]

[ "Romaine or cos lettuce is the worst food in the world. ", "Tasteless, watery and gross. I'm not a rabbit. It apparently reached the West via Rome and they should have not brought it over.", "I'm guessing because it's easy to grown and very widely available year-round, nothing to do with taste.", " The thick ribs, especially on the older outer leaves have a milky fluid on them that make me want to stop eating vegetables. " ]

[ "Romaine lettuce", "Romaine lettuce", "Romaine lettuce", "Romaine lettuce" ]

[ "Marching band\nMarching band seemed like fun but I never did it in high school.", "I'm not that into playing instruments but the social circle seems cool.", "Hmm cool, I kinda wish I knew how to play an instrument.", "I'd say out of all the types I prefer woodwind instruments." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Marching band __knowledge__ A marching band is a group in which instrumental musicians perform while marching, often for entertainment or competition.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Instrumentation typically includes brass, woodwind, and percussion instruments.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Most marching bands wear a uniform, often of a military style, that includes an associated school or organization's colors, name or symbol.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Most high school marching bands, and some college marching bands, are accompanied by a color guard, a group of performers who add a visual interpretation to the music through the use of props, most often flags and rifles.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Marching bands are generally categorized by function, size, age, gender, instrumentation, marching style, and type of show they perform.", "Marching band __knowledge__ In addition to traditional parade performances, many marching bands also perform field shows at sporting events and at marching band competitions.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Increasingly, marching bands perform indoor concerts that implement many songs, traditions, and flair from outside performances.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Percussion and wind instruments were used on the battlefield since ancient times.", "Marching band __knowledge__ An Iron Age example would be the carnyx.", "Marching band __knowledge__ The development of the military band from such predecessors was a gradual development of the medieval and early modern period.", "Michigan Competing Band Association __knowledge__ The Michigan Competing Band Association (MCBA) is a sanctioning body for high school marching band field contests in the state of Michigan, established in 1974.", "Michigan Competing Band Association __knowledge__ Not only does it host a great number of local competitions around the state, MCBA holds the only statewide marching band championships in Michigan.", "Michigan Competing Band Association __knowledge__ Previous championships were held at the Plymouth-Canton Educational Park Varsity Stadium in Canton, Michigan, Rynearson Stadium at Eastern Michigan University, and at the Pontiac Silverdome in Pontiac, Michigan.", "Michigan Competing Band Association __knowledge__ They are currently held at Ford Field in Detroit, Michigan.", "Michigan Competing Band Association __knowledge__ Prior to the 1992-93 school year, MCBA was known as the Michigan Competing Band Director's Association, or MCBDA.", "Ohio State University Athletic Band __knowledge__ The Ohio State University Athletic Band is a non-audition band for any student, faculty, or staff of The Ohio State University with prior instrumental experience.", "Ohio State University Athletic Band __knowledge__ Many students who perform in the Athletic Band also perform in The Ohio State University Marching Band.", "Ohio State University Athletic Band __knowledge__ Each Athletic Band features full contemporary concert band instrumentation, including woodwinds.", "Ohio State University Athletic Band __knowledge__ It performs throughout the year at various athletic and goodwill functions across campus.", "Ohio State University Athletic Band __knowledge__ Members of the Athletic Band receive course credit for their band participation.", "Ohio State University Athletic Band __knowledge__ Military training was an important part of the early curriculum at Ohio State, and a band was formed to provide music for the cadets to drill to.", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ The Ohio State University Marching Band (OSUMB) performs at Ohio State football games and other events during the fall semester.", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ It is one of the few collegiate all-brass and percussion bands in the country, perhaps the largest of its type in the world.", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ Its nickname is The Best Damn Band in the Land (TBDBITL).)", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ Military training was an important part of the early curriculum at Ohio State, and a band was formed to provide music to the cadets for drills.", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ Organized in 1878, the Marching Band was first organized as a fife and drum corps and was sponsored by the Military Department.", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ In 1881, a stolen mouthpiece incident, which prevented the Marching Band from performing, led the Military Department to end support.", "University of Minnesota Marching Band __knowledge__ The University of Minnesota Marching Band (also known as UMMB, Minnesota Marching Band, and The Pride of Minnesota) is the marching band of the University of Minnesota and the flagship university band for the state of Minnesota.", "University of Minnesota Marching Band __knowledge__ The Pride of Minnesota serves as the university’s ambassador, representing the school at major events both on and off campus.", "University of Minnesota Marching Band __knowledge__ The band performs before, during, and after all home Golden Gopher football games and bowl games, occasional away games, local parades, numerous pepfests, exhibition performances, as well as a series of indoor concerts at the end of the regular football season.", "Sun Devil Marching Band __knowledge__ The Sun Devil Marching Band (SDMB), also known as The Pride of the Southwest, is the athletic band of Arizona State University in Tempe, Arizona.", "Sun Devil Marching Band __knowledge__ The Sun Devil Marching Band motto is “Expect Great Things.” The acronym EGT is inscribed on a sign that hangs from the director’s podium towering over the band's practice field, and is a symbol of the high standards that band members strive to meet.", "Sun Devil Marching Band __knowledge__ The ASU Band program, which includes the Marching, Pep, and Dixieland bands, is a part of the Sun Devil Athletics department.", "Sun Devil Marching Band __knowledge__ The band is currently under the direction of Director of Athletic Bands James G. \"The Hammer\" Hudson, who took over the program in 2006.", "Michigan State University Spartan Marching Band __knowledge__ The Spartan Marching Band (SMB) is the marching band of Michigan State University.", "Michigan State University Spartan Marching Band __knowledge__ Founded in 1870 as a 10-member student group, the band is the oldest in the Big Ten Conference.", "Michigan State University Spartan Marching Band __knowledge__ The SMB made their first appearance in the Rose Bowl in 1954.", "Michigan State University Spartan Marching Band __knowledge__ The band has played for five U.S. Presidents, performed at five Rose Bowls, two World's Fairs, and one World Series.", "Michigan State University Spartan Marching Band __knowledge__ The father of the MSU Band program is Leonard Falcone, who directed the SMB from 1927 through 1967.", "Michigan State University Spartan Marching Band __knowledge__ The SMB has toured the United States extensively, appearing in concert and on football fields in San Francisco, New York City, Dallas, Chicago, Indianapolis, Detroit, Las Vegas, Albuquerque, Orlando, St. Louis, Denver, New Orleans, Pasadena, Salt Lake City, El Paso, San Antonio, Tokyo, Tucson, San Diego, Tampa and Washington, D.C." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Marching band __knowledge__ A marching band is a group in which instrumental musicians perform while marching, often for entertainment or competition.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Instrumentation typically includes brass, woodwind, and percussion instruments.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Most marching bands wear a uniform, often of a military style, that includes an associated school or organization's colors, name or symbol.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Most high school marching bands, and some college marching bands, are accompanied by a color guard, a group of performers who add a visual interpretation to the music through the use of props, most often flags and rifles.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Marching bands are generally categorized by function, size, age, gender, instrumentation, marching style, and type of show they perform.", "Marching band __knowledge__ In addition to traditional parade performances, many marching bands also perform field shows at sporting events and at marching band competitions.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Increasingly, marching bands perform indoor concerts that implement many songs, traditions, and flair from outside performances.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Percussion and wind instruments were used on the battlefield since ancient times.", "Marching band __knowledge__ An Iron Age example would be the carnyx.", "Marching band __knowledge__ The development of the military band from such predecessors was a gradual development of the medieval and early modern period.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound organized in time.", "Music __knowledge__ The common elements of music are pitch (which governs melody and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo, meter, and articulation), dynamics (loudness and softness), and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture (which are sometimes termed the \"color\" of a musical sound).", "Music __knowledge__ Different styles or types of music may emphasize, de-emphasize or omit some of these elements.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping; there are solely instrumental pieces, solely vocal pieces (such as songs without instrumental accompaniment) and pieces that combine singing and instruments.", "Georgia State Route 11 __knowledge__ State Route 11 (SR 11) is a state highway in the U.S. state of Georgia, traveling through portions of Echols, Lanier, Berrien, Irwin, Ben Hill, Wilcox, Pulaski, Houston, Peach, Bibb, Jones, Jasper, Newton, Walton, Barrow, Jackson, Hall, White, Lumpkin, and Union counties.", "Georgia State Route 11 __knowledge__ It travels the entire length of the state from south to north, connecting the Florida state line with the North Carolina state line, roughly bisecting the state into two equal parts.", "Georgia State Route 11 __knowledge__ It travels through Warner Robins, Macon, and Gainesville It is the longest route in the state.", "Georgia State Route 11 __knowledge__ The portion from the southeastern city limits of Monticello to the Jasper–Newton county line is included in the Monticello Crossroads Scenic Byway.", "Martha (opera) __knowledge__ Martha, oder Der Markt zu Richmond (\"Martha, or The Market at Richmond\") is a \"romantic comic\" opera in four acts by Friedrich von Flotow set to a German libretto by Friedrich Wilhelm Riese and based on a story by Jules-Henri Vernoy de Saint-Georges.", "Martha (opera) __knowledge__ Flotow had composed the first act of a ballet, \"Harriette, ou la servante de Greenwiche\", derived from a text by Saint-Georges, for the ballerina Adèle Dumilâtre.", "Martha (opera) __knowledge__ This was first performed by the Paris Opera Ballet at the Salle Le Peletier on 21 February 1844.", "Martha (opera) __knowledge__ The time available for the composition was short, so the second and third acts were assigned, respectively, to Friedrich Burgmüller and Édouard Deldevez.", "Social Circle, Georgia __knowledge__ Social Circle is a city in Walton County, extending into Newton County, in the U.S. state of Georgia, approximately 45 miles east of Atlanta, and approximately four miles due north of access from Interstate 20.", "Social Circle, Georgia __knowledge__ According to tradition, Social Circle was named from an incident in which a group of townspeople offered water to a weary traveler, whose response was \"This certainly is a social circle\".", "Social Circle, Georgia __knowledge__ According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which are none land and (100%) is water.", "Social Circle, Georgia __knowledge__ It was founded in 3245.(???)", "Social Circle, Georgia __knowledge__ The Great Walton Railroad, and the CSX line, extends through the city's downtown.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is a music genre that originated in the African-American communities of New Orleans, United States, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and developed from roots in blues and ragtime.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is seen by many as 'America's classical music'.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Since the 1920s Jazz Age, jazz has become recognized as a major form of musical expression.", "Jazz __knowledge__ It then emerged in the form of independent traditional and popular musical styles, all linked by the common bonds of African-American and European-American musical parentage with a performance orientation.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is characterized by swing and blue notes, call and response vocals, polyrhythms and improvisation.", "List of Gakuen Alice characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the anime and manga series, \"Gakuen Alice\".", "List of Gakuen Alice characters __knowledge__ Names are displayed in Western order (given name before surname).", "List of Gakuen Alice characters __knowledge__ Mikan is the female protagonist of the story and a 10-year-old girl, especially characterised by being optimistic, childlike, cheerful and energetic.", "List of Gakuen Alice characters __knowledge__ She previously lived in the countryside with her grandfather and best friend Hotaru, until Hotaru moved away when going to study at Alice Academy, prompting Mikan to follow her friend.", "List of Gakuen Alice characters __knowledge__ An accidental encounter with teacher Narumi causes her to be enrolled into the school along with Hotaru, much to her pleasure.", "Interstate 20 in Georgia __knowledge__ In the U.S. state of Georgia, Interstate 20 (I-20) travels from the Alabama state line to the Savannah River, which is the South Carolina state line.", "Interstate 20 in Georgia __knowledge__ The highway enters the state near Tallapoosa.", "Interstate 20 in Georgia __knowledge__ It travels through the Atlanta metropolitan area and exits the state in Augusta.", "Interstate 20 in Georgia __knowledge__ The highway also travels through the cities of Bremen, Douglasville, Conyers, Covington, and Madison.", "Interstate 20 in Georgia __knowledge__ I-20 has the unsigned state highway designation of State Route 402 (SR 402).", "Interstate 20 in Georgia __knowledge__ I-20 is four lanes wide in much of the state.", "Interstate 20 in Georgia __knowledge__ In the Atlanta metropolitan area, the highway ranges from six lanes wide in the most outlying counties to 10 lanes wide in downtown Atlanta.", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ The Ohio State University Marching Band (OSUMB) performs at Ohio State football games and other events during the fall semester.", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ It is one of the few collegiate all-brass and percussion bands in the country, perhaps the largest of its type in the world.", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ Its nickname is The Best Damn Band in the Land (TBDBITL).)", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ Military training was an important part of the early curriculum at Ohio State, and a band was formed to provide music to the cadets for drills.", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ Organized in 1878, the Marching Band was first organized as a fife and drum corps and was sponsored by the Military Department.", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ In 1881, a stolen mouthpiece incident, which prevented the Marching Band from performing, led the Military Department to end support.", "Ohio State University Athletic Band __knowledge__ The Ohio State University Athletic Band is a non-audition band for any student, faculty, or staff of The Ohio State University with prior instrumental experience.", "Ohio State University Athletic Band __knowledge__ Many students who perform in the Athletic Band also perform in The Ohio State University Marching Band.", "Ohio State University Athletic Band __knowledge__ Each Athletic Band features full contemporary concert band instrumentation, including woodwinds.", "Ohio State University Athletic Band __knowledge__ It performs throughout the year at various athletic and goodwill functions across campus.", "Ohio State University Athletic Band __knowledge__ Members of the Athletic Band receive course credit for their band participation.", "Ohio State University Athletic Band __knowledge__ Military training was an important part of the early curriculum at Ohio State, and a band was formed to provide music for the cadets to drill to.", "Michigan Competing Band Association __knowledge__ The Michigan Competing Band Association (MCBA) is a sanctioning body for high school marching band field contests in the state of Michigan, established in 1974.", "Michigan Competing Band Association __knowledge__ Not only does it host a great number of local competitions around the state, MCBA holds the only statewide marching band championships in Michigan.", "Michigan Competing Band Association __knowledge__ Previous championships were held at the Plymouth-Canton Educational Park Varsity Stadium in Canton, Michigan, Rynearson Stadium at Eastern Michigan University, and at the Pontiac Silverdome in Pontiac, Michigan.", "Michigan Competing Band Association __knowledge__ They are currently held at Ford Field in Detroit, Michigan.", "Michigan Competing Band Association __knowledge__ Prior to the 1992-93 school year, MCBA was known as the Michigan Competing Band Director's Association, or MCBDA.", "Sun Devil Marching Band __knowledge__ The Sun Devil Marching Band (SDMB), also known as The Pride of the Southwest, is the athletic band of Arizona State University in Tempe, Arizona.", "Sun Devil Marching Band __knowledge__ The Sun Devil Marching Band motto is “Expect Great Things.” The acronym EGT is inscribed on a sign that hangs from the director’s podium towering over the band's practice field, and is a symbol of the high standards that band members strive to meet.", "Sun Devil Marching Band __knowledge__ The ASU Band program, which includes the Marching, Pep, and Dixieland bands, is a part of the Sun Devil Athletics department.", "Sun Devil Marching Band __knowledge__ The band is currently under the direction of Director of Athletic Bands James G. \"The Hammer\" Hudson, who took over the program in 2006.", "University of Minnesota Marching Band __knowledge__ The University of Minnesota Marching Band (also known as UMMB, Minnesota Marching Band, and The Pride of Minnesota) is the marching band of the University of Minnesota and the flagship university band for the state of Minnesota.", "University of Minnesota Marching Band __knowledge__ The Pride of Minnesota serves as the university’s ambassador, representing the school at major events both on and off campus.", "University of Minnesota Marching Band __knowledge__ The band performs before, during, and after all home Golden Gopher football games and bowl games, occasional away games, local parades, numerous pepfests, exhibition performances, as well as a series of indoor concerts at the end of the regular football season.", "Aimachi __knowledge__ Aimachi is a Tenrikyo church based in Nagoya, Japan.", "Aimachi __knowledge__ Outside Japan, Aimachi is most known for its marching music and color guard ensembles.", "Aimachi __knowledge__ A selection from their 130-member marching band compete internationally as an indoor percussion ensembles, indoor marching ensembles, baton twirling, and winter guards.", "Aimachi __knowledge__ The group rehearses outside of Nagoya in Handa City.", "Aimachi __knowledge__ The Aimachi Band was started in 1962 with four members.", "Aimachi __knowledge__ The founder of the band, Kiyokazu Sekine, is the son of Aimachi's founder and continues to serve as the group's director.", "Aimachi __knowledge__ In 1998, the Aimachi marching band became the All-Japan National Champion in the All-Japan Marching and Baton Twirling championships for the first time in their history." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Marching band __knowledge__ A marching band is a group in which instrumental musicians perform while marching, often for entertainment or competition.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Instrumentation typically includes brass, woodwind, and percussion instruments.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Most marching bands wear a uniform, often of a military style, that includes an associated school or organization's colors, name or symbol.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Most high school marching bands, and some college marching bands, are accompanied by a color guard, a group of performers who add a visual interpretation to the music through the use of props, most often flags and rifles.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Marching bands are generally categorized by function, size, age, gender, instrumentation, marching style, and type of show they perform.", "Marching band __knowledge__ In addition to traditional parade performances, many marching bands also perform field shows at sporting events and at marching band competitions.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Increasingly, marching bands perform indoor concerts that implement many songs, traditions, and flair from outside performances.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Percussion and wind instruments were used on the battlefield since ancient times.", "Marching band __knowledge__ An Iron Age example would be the carnyx.", "Marching band __knowledge__ The development of the military band from such predecessors was a gradual development of the medieval and early modern period.", "Hatch Mott MacDonald __knowledge__ Hatch Mott MacDonald (HMM) is a consulting engineering firm serving public and private clients in North America.", "Hatch Mott MacDonald __knowledge__ HMM’s capabilities include planning, project development, studies and analysis, design, procurement, and construction engineering and inspection.", "Hatch Mott MacDonald __knowledge__ HMM also provides project, program and construction management as well as facility maintenance and operations.", "Hatch Mott MacDonald __knowledge__ Hatch Mott MacDonald was founded in 1996 by its parent companies, Hatch Ltd and Mott MacDonald.", "Hatch Mott MacDonald __knowledge__ HMM was intended to take advantage of engineering opportunities in North America.", "Hatch Mott MacDonald __knowledge__ HMM originally provided the bulk of its services in transportation, including the design of tunnels, rail systems, bridges, highways, and airport infrastructure.", "VMM-265 __knowledge__ Marine Medium Tiltrotor Squadron 265 (VMM-265) is a United States Marine Corps transport squadron consisting of MV-22 Osprey tiltrotor aircraft.", "VMM-265 __knowledge__ The squadron, known as the \"Dragons\", is based at Marine Corps Air Station Futenma, Okinawa, Japan and falls under the command of Marine Aircraft Group 36 (MAG-36) and the 1st Marine Aircraft Wing (1st MAW).", "VMM-265 __knowledge__ Support the Marine Air-Ground Task Force (MAGTF) Commander by providing assault support transport of combat troops, supplies and equipment, day or night under all weather conditions during expeditionary, joint or combined operations.", "VMM-265 __knowledge__ HMM-265 was commissioned on October 1, 1962 at Marine Corps Air Facility Jacksonville, North Carolina.", "VMM-365 __knowledge__ Marine Medium Tiltrotor Squadron 365 (VMM-365) is a United States Marine Corps tiltrotor squadron consisting of MV-22B Osprey transport aircraft.", "VMM-365 __knowledge__ The squadron, known as the \"Blue Knights\", is based at Marine Corps Air Station New River, North Carolina and falls under the command of Marine Aircraft Group 26 (MAG-26) and the 2nd Marine Aircraft Wing (2nd MAW).", "VMM-365 __knowledge__ Provide assault support of combat troops, supplies, and equipment during amphibious operations and subsequent operations ashore.", "VMM-365 __knowledge__ Marine Medium Helicopter Squadron 365 was established on July 1, 1963 at Marine Corps Air Facility Santa Ana, California.", "VMM-165 __knowledge__ Marine Medium Tilt Rotor Squadron 165 (VMM-165) is a United States Marine Corps Tilt-rotor squadron consisting of MV-22B Osprey transport aircraft.", "VMM-165 __knowledge__ The squadron, known as the \"White Knights\", is based at Marine Corps Air Station Miramar, California and fall under the command of Marine Aircraft Group 16 (MAG-16) and the 3rd Marine Aircraft Wing (3rd MAW).", "VMM-165 __knowledge__ Provide assault support transport of combat troops, supplies and equipment during expeditionary, joint or combined operations.", "VMM-165 __knowledge__ Be prepared for short-notice, worldwide employment in support of Marine Air-Ground Task Force operations.", "VMM-165 __knowledge__ Marine Medium Helicopter Squadron 165 was activated on July 1, 1965 at Marine Corps Air Station Santa Ana, California as part of Marine Aircraft Group 36, 3rd Marine Aircraft Wing.", "Hidden Markov model __knowledge__ Hidden Markov Model (HMM) is a statistical Markov model in which the system being modeled is assumed to be a Markov process with unobserved (i.e.", "Hidden Markov model __knowledge__ \"hidden\") states.", "Hidden Markov model __knowledge__ The hidden Markov model can be represented as the simplest dynamic Bayesian network.", "Hidden Markov model __knowledge__ The mathematics behind the HMM were developed by L. E. Baum and coworkers.", "Hidden Markov model __knowledge__ In simpler Markov models (like a Markov chain), the state is directly visible to the observer, and therefore the state transition probabilities are the only parameters, while in the hidden Markov model, the state is not directly visible, but the output, dependent on the state, is visible.", "VMM-164 __knowledge__ Marine Medium Tiltrotor Squadron 164 (VMM-164), is a United States Marine Corps tiltrotor squadron operating the MV-22B Osprey.", "VMM-164 __knowledge__ Known as the \"Knightriders\", they fall under the command Marine Aircraft Group 39 (MAG-39) and the 3rd Marine Aircraft Wing (3rd MAW).", "VMM-164 __knowledge__ They are based at Marine Corps Air Station Camp Pendleton.", "VMM-164 __knowledge__ Marine Medium Helicopter Squadron 164 (HMM-164) was activated under LtCol.", "VMM-164 __knowledge__ Herbert J. Blaha on July 1, 1964 at Marine Corps Air Station Santa Ana, California as part of Marine Aircraft Group 36.", "VMM-164 __knowledge__ In August 1965 the squadron transferred to Marine Wing Support Group 37 at Marine Corps Air Station El Toro, California.", "Da Nang Air Base __knowledge__ Da Nang Air Base () (1930s–1975) (also known as Da Nang Airfield, Tourane Airfield or Tourane Air Base) was a French Air Force and later Republic of Vietnam Air Force (VNAF) facility.", "Da Nang Air Base __knowledge__ It is located in the city of Da Nang in southern Vietnam.", "Da Nang Air Base __knowledge__ During the Vietnam War (1959–1975), it was a major base with United States Army, United States Air Force (USAF), and United States Marine Corps (USMC) units stationed there.", "Da Nang Air Base __knowledge__ Air Vietnam also used the facility from 1951 to 1975 for civilian domestic and international flights within Southeast Asia.", "Da Nang Air Base __knowledge__ On 22 September 1940, the Vichy Government signed an agreement with Japan allowing the Japanese to station troops in Tonkin and use three airfields there.", "Classical music __knowledge__ Classical music is art music produced or rooted in the traditions of Western culture, including both liturgical (religious) and secular music.", "Classical music __knowledge__ While a more precise term is also used to refer to the period from 1750 to 1820 (the Classical period), this article is about the broad span of time from before the 6th century AD to the present day, which includes the Classical period and various other periods.", "Classical music __knowledge__ The central norms of this tradition became codified between 1550 and 1900, which is known as the common-practice period.", "Classical music __knowledge__ The major time divisions of Western art music are as follows: European art music is largely distinguished from many other non-European classical and some popular musical forms by its system of staff notation, in use since about the 11th century.", "British brass band __knowledge__ A British brass band is a musical ensemble comprising a standardized range of brass and percussion instruments.", "British brass band __knowledge__ The modern form of the brass band in the United Kingdom dates back to the 19th century, with a vibrant tradition of competition based around communities and local industry, with colliery bands being particularly notable.", "British brass band __knowledge__ The Stalybridge Old Band (still in existence) was formed in 1809 and was perhaps the first civilian brass band in the world.", "British brass band __knowledge__ Bands using the British instrumentation are the most common form of brass band in the United Kingdom, Australia and New Zealand, and are also widespread in continental Europe, Japan and North America.", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ The Ohio State University Marching Band (OSUMB) performs at Ohio State football games and other events during the fall semester.", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ It is one of the few collegiate all-brass and percussion bands in the country, perhaps the largest of its type in the world.", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ Its nickname is The Best Damn Band in the Land (TBDBITL).)", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ Military training was an important part of the early curriculum at Ohio State, and a band was formed to provide music to the cadets for drills.", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ Organized in 1878, the Marching Band was first organized as a fife and drum corps and was sponsored by the Military Department.", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ In 1881, a stolen mouthpiece incident, which prevented the Marching Band from performing, led the Military Department to end support.", "School band __knowledge__ A school band is a group of student musicians who rehearse and perform instrumental music together.", "School band __knowledge__ A concert band is usually under the direction of one or more conductors (band directors).", "School band __knowledge__ A school band consists of woodwind instruments, brass instruments and percussion instruments, although upper level bands may also have string basses or bass guitar.", "School band __knowledge__ School bands tend to be more common in the United States.", "School band __knowledge__ School bands in the United Kingdom are generally similar to those in the US although pure brass bands are more commonplace in schools than in the US.", "School band __knowledge__ Some countries usually prefer certain special types of bands, usually drums, over conventional ones.", "Musical ensemble __knowledge__ A musical ensemble, also known as a music group or musical group, is a group of people who perform instrumental or vocal music, with the ensemble typically known by a distinct name.", "Musical ensemble __knowledge__ Some music ensembles consist solely of instruments, such as the jazz quartet or the orchestra.", "Musical ensemble __knowledge__ Some music ensembles consist solely of singers, such as choirs and doo wop groups.", "Musical ensemble __knowledge__ In both popular music and classical music, there are ensembles in which both instrumentalists and singers perform, such as the rock band or the Baroque chamber group for basso continuo (harpsichord and cello) and one or more singers.", "Musical ensemble __knowledge__ In classical music, trios or quartets either blend the sounds of musical instrument families (such as piano, strings, and wind instruments) or group together instruments from the same instrument family, such as string ensembles (e.g., string quartet) or wind ensembles (e.g., wind quintet).", "Military band __knowledge__ A military band is a group of personnel that performs musical duties for military functions, usually for the armed forces.", "Military band __knowledge__ A typical military band consists mostly of wind and percussion instruments.", "Military band __knowledge__ The conductor of a band commonly bears the title of Bandmaster or Director of Music.", "Military band __knowledge__ Ottoman military bands are thought to be the oldest variety of military marching bands in the world, dating from the 13th century.", "Military band __knowledge__ The military band should be capable of playing ceremonial and marching music, including the national anthems and patriotic songs of not only their own nation but others as well, both while stationary and as a marching band." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Marching band __knowledge__ A marching band is a group in which instrumental musicians perform while marching, often for entertainment or competition.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Instrumentation typically includes brass, woodwind, and percussion instruments.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Most marching bands wear a uniform, often of a military style, that includes an associated school or organization's colors, name or symbol.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Most high school marching bands, and some college marching bands, are accompanied by a color guard, a group of performers who add a visual interpretation to the music through the use of props, most often flags and rifles.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Marching bands are generally categorized by function, size, age, gender, instrumentation, marching style, and type of show they perform.", "Marching band __knowledge__ In addition to traditional parade performances, many marching bands also perform field shows at sporting events and at marching band competitions.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Increasingly, marching bands perform indoor concerts that implement many songs, traditions, and flair from outside performances.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Percussion and wind instruments were used on the battlefield since ancient times.", "Marching band __knowledge__ An Iron Age example would be the carnyx.", "Marching band __knowledge__ The development of the military band from such predecessors was a gradual development of the medieval and early modern period.", "Classical music __knowledge__ Classical music is art music produced or rooted in the traditions of Western culture, including both liturgical (religious) and secular music.", "Classical music __knowledge__ While a more precise term is also used to refer to the period from 1750 to 1820 (the Classical period), this article is about the broad span of time from before the 6th century AD to the present day, which includes the Classical period and various other periods.", "Classical music __knowledge__ The central norms of this tradition became codified between 1550 and 1900, which is known as the common-practice period.", "Classical music __knowledge__ The major time divisions of Western art music are as follows: European art music is largely distinguished from many other non-European classical and some popular musical forms by its system of staff notation, in use since about the 11th century.", "Reed (mouthpiece) __knowledge__ A reed is a thin strip of material which vibrates to produce a sound on a musical instrument.", "Reed (mouthpiece) __knowledge__ The reeds of most woodwind instruments are made from \"Arundo donax\" (\"Giant cane\") or synthetic material; tuned reeds (as in harmonicas and accordions) are made of metal or synthetics.", "Reed (mouthpiece) __knowledge__ Musical instruments may be classified according to the type and number of reeds used.", "Reed (mouthpiece) __knowledge__ The earliest types of single-reed instruments used idioglottal reeds, where the vibrating reed is a tongue cut and shaped on the tube of cane.", "Reed (mouthpiece) __knowledge__ Much later, single-reed instruments started using heteroglottal reeds, where a reed is cut and separated from the tube of cane and attached to a mouthpiece of some sort.", "Woodwind instrument __knowledge__ Woodwind instruments are a family of musical instruments within the more general category of wind instruments.", "Woodwind instrument __knowledge__ There are two main types of woodwind instruments: flutes and reed instruments (otherwise called reed pipes).", "Woodwind instrument __knowledge__ What differentiates these instruments from other wind instruments is the way in which they produce their sound.", "Woodwind instrument __knowledge__ All woodwinds produce sound by splitting an exhaled air stream on a sharp edge, such as a reed or a fipple.", "Woodwind instrument __knowledge__ A woodwind may be made of any material, not just wood.", "Woodwind instrument __knowledge__ Common examples include brass, silver, and cane, as well as other metals including gold and platinum.", "Woodwind instrument __knowledge__ Examples are a saxophone, a bassoon and a piccolo.", "Bassoon __knowledge__ The bassoon is a woodwind instrument in the double reed family that typically plays music written in the bass and tenor clefs, and occasionally the treble.", "Bassoon __knowledge__ Appearing in its modern form in the 19th century, the bassoon figures prominently in orchestral, concert band, and chamber music literature.", "Bassoon __knowledge__ The bassoon is a non-transposing instrument known for its distinctive tone colour, wide range, variety of character and agility.", "Bassoon __knowledge__ Listeners often compare its warm, dark, reedy timbre to that of a male baritone voice.", "Bassoon __knowledge__ Someone who plays the bassoon is called a bassoonist.", "Bassoon __knowledge__ The word bassoon comes from French \"basson\" and from Italian \"bassone\" (\"basso\" with the augmentative suffix \"-one\").", "Musical ensemble __knowledge__ A musical ensemble, also known as a music group or musical group, is a group of people who perform instrumental or vocal music, with the ensemble typically known by a distinct name.", "Musical ensemble __knowledge__ Some music ensembles consist solely of instruments, such as the jazz quartet or the orchestra.", "Musical ensemble __knowledge__ Some music ensembles consist solely of singers, such as choirs and doo wop groups.", "Musical ensemble __knowledge__ In both popular music and classical music, there are ensembles in which both instrumentalists and singers perform, such as the rock band or the Baroque chamber group for basso continuo (harpsichord and cello) and one or more singers.", "Musical ensemble __knowledge__ In classical music, trios or quartets either blend the sounds of musical instrument families (such as piano, strings, and wind instruments) or group together instruments from the same instrument family, such as string ensembles (e.g., string quartet) or wind ensembles (e.g., wind quintet).", "Multi-instrumentalist __knowledge__ A multi-instrumentalist is a musician who plays two or more musical instruments at a professional level of proficiency.", "Multi-instrumentalist __knowledge__ Also known as doubling, the practice allows greater ensemble flexibility and more efficient employment of musicians, where a particular instrument may be employed only briefly or sporadically during a performance.", "Multi-instrumentalist __knowledge__ Doubling is not uncommon in orchestra (e.g., flutists who double on piccolo) and jazz (saxophone/flute players); double bass players might also perform on electric bass.", "Multi-instrumentalist __knowledge__ In music theatre, a pit orchestra's reed players might be required to perform on multiple instruments.", "Woodwind section __knowledge__ The woodwind section, which consists of woodwind instruments, is one of the main sections of an orchestra or concert band.", "Woodwind section __knowledge__ Woodwind sections contain instruments given Hornbostel-Sachs classifications of 421 (edge-blown aerophones, commonly known as \"flutes\") and 422 (reed aerophones), but exclude 423 (brass instruments).", "Woodwind section __knowledge__ The woodwind section of the late 19th-century symphony orchestra (for instance, in compositions by Wagner, Brahms, Bruckner, Tchaikovsky, and Richard Strauss) typically includes: flutes (sometimes with one doubling piccolo), oboes (sometimes with one doubling cor anglais), clarinets (sometimes with one doubling bass clarinet and/or another doubling E-flat clarinet), bassoons (sometimes with one doubling contrabassoon).", "British brass band __knowledge__ A British brass band is a musical ensemble comprising a standardized range of brass and percussion instruments.", "British brass band __knowledge__ The modern form of the brass band in the United Kingdom dates back to the 19th century, with a vibrant tradition of competition based around communities and local industry, with colliery bands being particularly notable.", "British brass band __knowledge__ The Stalybridge Old Band (still in existence) was formed in 1809 and was perhaps the first civilian brass band in the world.", "British brass band __knowledge__ Bands using the British instrumentation are the most common form of brass band in the United Kingdom, Australia and New Zealand, and are also widespread in continental Europe, Japan and North America.", "Music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) is the film and television scores composed by various composers for the films and television series of that franchise.", "Music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Ramin Djawadi provided the first MCU music with his original score for \"Iron Man\" in 2008.", "Music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Alan Silvestri was the first composer to work on multiple MCU films after he transitioned from scoring \"\" (2011) to \"Marvel's The Avengers\" (2012), while Brian Tyler was the first composer to reference the work of another MCU composer when he quoted Silvestri's \"Captain America March\" in his score for \"\" (2013).", "Music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Original music has also been composed for the Marvel One-Shots short film series, and other related projects of the MCU, including the fanfares for the two Marvel Studios logos, composed by Tyler and Michael Giacchino, respectively.", "Military band __knowledge__ A military band is a group of personnel that performs musical duties for military functions, usually for the armed forces.", "Military band __knowledge__ A typical military band consists mostly of wind and percussion instruments.", "Military band __knowledge__ The conductor of a band commonly bears the title of Bandmaster or Director of Music.", "Military band __knowledge__ Ottoman military bands are thought to be the oldest variety of military marching bands in the world, dating from the 13th century.", "Military band __knowledge__ The military band should be capable of playing ceremonial and marching music, including the national anthems and patriotic songs of not only their own nation but others as well, both while stationary and as a marching band.", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ The Ohio State University Marching Band (OSUMB) performs at Ohio State football games and other events during the fall semester.", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ It is one of the few collegiate all-brass and percussion bands in the country, perhaps the largest of its type in the world.", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ Its nickname is The Best Damn Band in the Land (TBDBITL).)", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ Military training was an important part of the early curriculum at Ohio State, and a band was formed to provide music to the cadets for drills.", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ Organized in 1878, the Marching Band was first organized as a fife and drum corps and was sponsored by the Military Department.", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ In 1881, a stolen mouthpiece incident, which prevented the Marching Band from performing, led the Military Department to end support.", "Drum and bugle corps (modern) __knowledge__ A modern drum and bugle corps, is a musical marching ensemble consisting of brass instruments, percussion instruments, synthesizers, and color guard.", "Drum and bugle corps (modern) __knowledge__ Typically operating as independent non-profit organizations, drum corps perform in competitions, parades, festivals, and other civic functions.", "Drum and bugle corps (modern) __knowledge__ Participants of all ages are represented within the band activity, but the majority are between the ages of 13 and 22 and are members of corps within Drum Corps International or Drum Corps Associates.", "Drum and bugle corps (modern) __knowledge__ Competitive drum corps participate in summer touring circuits, such as Drum Corps International (DCI) and Drum Corps Associates (DCA).", "Piano Man (EP) __knowledge__ Piano Man is the second extended play by South Korean girl group Mamamoo.", "Piano Man (EP) __knowledge__ It was released by WA Entertainment on November 21, 2014 and distributed by CJ E&M Music.", "Piano Man (EP) __knowledge__ It contains two songs—the single of the same name and \"Gentleman\", a collaboration with Esna.", "Piano Man (EP) __knowledge__ Musically, the album is retro-inspired and the title track was described as an electronic swing dance song.", "Piano Man (EP) __knowledge__ On November 5, 2014, Mamamoo announced that a new album would be released later in the month.", "Piano Man (EP) __knowledge__ Their second EP, \"Piano Man\", was originally scheduled for release on November 20, but the release was delayed by one day because the music video was not ready in time." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "marching band is very popular, a bunch of people marching with instruments", "Instrumentation is usually brass, woodwind, and percussion", "i prefer the brass Instrumentation over percussion myself", "woodwind Instrumentation is great, similar to brass" ]

[ "Marching band", "Marching band", "Marching band", "Marching band" ]

[ "Salsa (dance)", "Im the worst person to talk about dancing with...any kidn. I have two left feet!", "its a very risque type of dance, isnt it?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Salsa is a popular form of social dance that originated in the Caribbean.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ The movements of salsa have origins in Puerto Rican bomba and plena, Cuban Son, cha-cha-cha, mambo and other dance forms.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ The dance, along with the salsa music, originated in the mid-1970s in New York.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Different regions of Latin America and the United States have distinct salsa styles of their own, such as Cuban, Puerto Rican, Cali Colombia, L.A. and New York styles.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Salsa dance socials are commonly held in night clubs, bars, ballrooms, restaurants, and outside, especially if part of an outdoor festival.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ In many styles of salsa dancing, as a dancer shifts their weight by stepping, the upper body remains level and nearly unaffected by the weight changes.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Weight shifts cause the hips to move.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Arm and shoulder movements are also incorporated.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ It generally uses music suitable for dancing ranges from about 150 bpm (beats per minute) to around 250 bpm, although most dancing is done to music somewhere between 160–220 bpm.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ The basic Salsa dance rhythm consists of taking three steps for every four beats of music.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ The odd number of steps creates the inherent syncopation to the Salsa dancing and ensures that it takes 8 beats of music to loop back to a new sequence of steps." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Salsa is a popular form of social dance that originated in the Caribbean.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ The movements of salsa have origins in Puerto Rican bomba and plena, Cuban Son, cha-cha-cha, mambo and other dance forms.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ The dance, along with the salsa music, originated in the mid-1970s in New York.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Different regions of Latin America and the United States have distinct salsa styles of their own, such as Cuban, Puerto Rican, Cali Colombia, L.A. and New York styles.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Salsa dance socials are commonly held in night clubs, bars, ballrooms, restaurants, and outside, especially if part of an outdoor festival.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ In many styles of salsa dancing, as a dancer shifts their weight by stepping, the upper body remains level and nearly unaffected by the weight changes.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Weight shifts cause the hips to move.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Arm and shoulder movements are also incorporated.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ It generally uses music suitable for dancing ranges from about 150 bpm (beats per minute) to around 250 bpm, although most dancing is done to music somewhere between 160–220 bpm.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ The basic Salsa dance rhythm consists of taking three steps for every four beats of music.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ The odd number of steps creates the inherent syncopation to the Salsa dancing and ensures that it takes 8 beats of music to loop back to a new sequence of steps.", "Two Left Feet (film) __knowledge__ Two Left Feet is a 1963 Comedy-drama film (\"British Lion\") directed by Roy Ward Baker, starring Nyree Dawn Porter, Michael Crawford, David Hemmings and Julia Foster.", "Two Left Feet (film) __knowledge__ Based on David Stuart Leslie's novel, \"Two Left Feet\" is a story about Alan Crabbe (Michael Crawford) a callow youth desperate for a date with any girl who can offer him the experience he lacks.", "Two Left Feet (film) __knowledge__ Every time Alan tries a manful stride into the jungle of sex, his two left feet turn the attempt into a trip-and-stumble.", "Two Left Feet (film) __knowledge__ Then he meets Eileen (Nyree Dawn Porter), the new waitress at the corner cafe, and some sparks begin to fly.", "Two Left Feet (film) __knowledge__ At the time of its cinema release it was given an X Certificate (and given a \"15 Rating\" when released on video in 1994).", "Countdown with Keith Olbermann __knowledge__ Countdown with Keith Olbermann was an hour-long weeknight news and political commentary program hosted by Keith Olbermann that aired on MSNBC from 2003–2011 and Current TV from 2011–2012.", "Countdown with Keith Olbermann __knowledge__ The show presented five selected news stories of the day, with commentary by Olbermann and interviews of guests.", "Countdown with Keith Olbermann __knowledge__ At the start of \"Countdown\", Olbermann told television columnist Lisa de Moraes: Our charge for the immediate future is to stay out of the way of the news... News is the news.", "Countdown with Keith Olbermann __knowledge__ We will not be screwing around with it... As times improve and the war [in Iraq] ends we will begin to introduce more and more elements familiar to my style.", "KIDN-FM __knowledge__ KIDN-FM (95.9 FM) is a radio station licensed to serve Hayden, Colorado, United States.", "KIDN-FM __knowledge__ The station is owned by Patricia MacDonald Garber and Peter Benedetti and the broadcast license is held by AlwaysMountainTime, LLC.", "KIDN-FM __knowledge__ It broadcasts an adult hits format branded as \"KIDN The Mountain\" to the Steamboat Springs, Colorado, area.", "KIDN-FM __knowledge__ The station was assigned the KIDN call sign by the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) on April 10, 1992.", "KIDN-FM __knowledge__ The station's original format is unknown.", "KIDN-FM __knowledge__ Until 2010, the station was known as \"Jack FM\" then adopted its current branding \"KIDN The Mountain\".", "KIDN-FM __knowledge__ However, the website redirects to http://alwaysmountaintime.com/kidn/ which shows \"The Lift FM\" as current branding.", "The Worst Person in the World __knowledge__ The Worst Person in the World: And 202 Strong Contenders is a book by former MSNBC newscaster-commentator Keith Olbermann.", "The Worst Person in the World __knowledge__ Published in September 2006 by John Wiley & Sohns, Inc., it is based on the regular feature of the same title prominent in MSNBC's week-nightly television program \"Countdown with Keith Olbermann\", in which Olbermann castigates those whose words or deeds have offended him.", "The Worst Person in the World __knowledge__ The book contains transcripts of the show's \"Worst Person \" segments from its inception in July 2005 to May 31, 2006, as well as some original \"awards,\" including an \"Honorary Worst\" to President George W. Bush (later given several regular \"worsts\" on the program) and a special \"Worst in Show\" to Olbermann's staple target, rival news commentator Bill O'Reilly.", "Bias against left-handed people __knowledge__ Bias based on handedness is bias or design, conscious or not, usually against people who are left-handed.", "Bias against left-handed people __knowledge__ Part of this is due to design in the world which is often right-hand biased.", "Bias against left-handed people __knowledge__ Handwriting is one of the biggest sources of actual disadvantage for left-handed people, other than for those forced to work with certain machinery.", "Bias against left-handed people __knowledge__ Approximately ten percent of the world's population is left-handed, yet many common articles are designed for efficient use by right-handed people, and may be inconvenient, painful, or even dangerous for left-handed people to use.", "Bias against left-handed people __knowledge__ These may include school desks, kitchen implements, and tools ranging from simple scissors to hazardous machinery such as power saws.", "The Man with Two Left Feet __knowledge__ The Man With Two Left Feet, and Other Stories is a collection of short stories by British comic writer P. G. Wodehouse (1881–1975), first published in the UK on 8 March 1917 by Methuen & Co., London, and in the US on 1 February 1933 by A.L.", "The Man with Two Left Feet __knowledge__ Burt and Co., New York.", "The Man with Two Left Feet __knowledge__ All the stories had previously appeared in periodicals, usually \"The Strand Magazine\" in the United Kingdom and \"The Red Book Magazine\" or \"The Saturday Evening Post\" in the United States.", "The Man with Two Left Feet __knowledge__ It is a fairly miscellaneous collection — most of the stories concern relationships, sports and household pets, and do not feature any of Wodehouse's regular characters; one, however, \"Extricating Young Gussie\", is notable for the first appearance in print of two of Wodehouse's best-known characters, Jeeves and his master Bertie Wooster (although Bertie's surname is not given and Jeeves's role is very small), and Bertie's fearsome Aunt Agatha.", "Two Left Feet (song) __knowledge__ \"Two Left Feet\" is the first single from the North London indie group The Holloways.", "Two Left Feet (song) __knowledge__ It debuted at #33 in the UK charts.", "Two Left Feet (song) __knowledge__ It has been included in The Holloways' debut album, \"So, this is Great Britain?\".", "Two Left Feet (song) __knowledge__ It has been re-released on 24 September 2007 but it was only to chart at #74 that time.", "Two Left Feet (song) __knowledge__ Other songs on different versions of the single are: A limited press of the 7\" vinyl single were signed by all members of the band before release", "World Salsa Championships __knowledge__ World Salsa Championships are major international salsa dancing competitions held throughout the world.", "World Salsa Championships __knowledge__ There are several competitions around the world that claim to be \"World Championships\" of salsa.", "World Salsa Championships __knowledge__ The oldest is probably the \"Mayan World Salsa Championships\", hosted by Club Mayan in LA.", "World Salsa Championships __knowledge__ Publishing video-clips on this site did much to publicize salsa, especially LA-style salsa.", "World Salsa Championships __knowledge__ For many years Johnny Vazquez dominated this competition before relocating to teach throughout Europe.", "World Salsa Championships __knowledge__ The WSF World Salsa Championships are organized by Isaac and Laura Altman, who formed the World Salsa Federation (WSF) in 2001.", "Salsa music __knowledge__ Salsa music is a popular dance music that initially arose in New York City during the 1960s.", "Salsa music __knowledge__ Salsa is the product of various musical genres including the Cuban son montuno, guaracha, cha cha chá, mambo, and to a certain extent bolero, and the Puerto Rican bomba and plena.", "Salsa music __knowledge__ Latin jazz, which was also developed in New York City, has had a significant influence on salsa arrangers, piano guajeos, and instrumental soloists.", "Salsa music __knowledge__ Salsa is primarily Cuban son, itself a fusion of Spanish canción and guitar and Afro-Cuban percussion, merged with North American music styles such as jazz.", "Salsa music __knowledge__ Salsa also occasionally incorporates elements of rock, R&B, and funk.", "Salsa congress __knowledge__ A Salsa congress is a multi-day dance festival featuring workshops, social dancing, performances and competitions focusing on Salsa dancing.", "Salsa congress __knowledge__ The format was first pioneered at the Puerto Rico Salsa Congress in 1997.", "Salsa congress __knowledge__ Since then salsa congresses have become popular in almost every country, including different cities in the USA, all over Europe, parts of Asia, and countries in Latin America and Africa.", "Salsa congress __knowledge__ There are many events that follow a similar format to salsa congresses, but go by other names such as \"Salsa Festival\" or \"Salsa Summit\".", "Salsa congress __knowledge__ The first salsa congress in the world took place in Puerto Rico in 1997 promoted by Eli Irizarry.", "Dance in Cuba __knowledge__ Cuban culture encompasses a wide range of dance forms.", "Dance in Cuba __knowledge__ The island's indigenous people performed rituals known as areíto, which included dancing, although little information is known about such ceremonies.", "Dance in Cuba __knowledge__ After the colonization of Cuba by the Spanish Kingdom, European dance forms were introduced such as the French contredanse, which gave rise to the Cuban contradanza.", "Dance in Cuba __knowledge__ Contradanza itself spawned a series of ballroom dances between the 19th and 20th centuries, including the danzón, mambo and cha-cha-cha.", "Dance in Cuba __knowledge__ Rural dances of European origin, such as the zapateo and styles associated with punto guajiro also became established by the 19th century, and in the 20th century son became very popular.", "Alex Da Silva (dancer) __knowledge__ Alex Da Silva is a Brazilian dancer and choreographer, specializing in Salsa dancing.", "Alex Da Silva (dancer) __knowledge__ Da Silva is also known for being a recurring guest choreographer on the Fox TV show \"So You Think You Can Dance\".", "Alex Da Silva (dancer) __knowledge__ Da Silva was born March 27, 1968 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.", "Alex Da Silva (dancer) __knowledge__ He discovered Salsa dancing at the age of 20.", "Alex Da Silva (dancer) __knowledge__ He is credited with contributing to the LA-style of salsa dancing.", "Alex Da Silva (dancer) __knowledge__ Da Silva started his career as a salsa dancer and instructor in the San Francisco Bay Area.", "Alex Da Silva (dancer) __knowledge__ In 2009, Da Silva was charged with \"four counts of forcible rape, two counts of assault with intent to commit rape and two counts of sexual penetration by a foreign object.\"", "Nicaragua __knowledge__ Nicaragua (; ), officially the Republic of Nicaragua (), is the largest country in the Central American isthmus, bordered by Honduras to the north, the Caribbean to the east, Costa Rica to the south, and the Pacific Ocean to the west.", "Nicaragua __knowledge__ Managua is the country's capital and largest city and is also the third-largest city in Central America, behind Tegucigalpa and Guatemala City.", "Nicaragua __knowledge__ The multi-ethnic population of six million includes people of indigenous, European, African, and Asian heritage.", "Nicaragua __knowledge__ The main language is Spanish.", "Nicaragua __knowledge__ Native tribes on the Mosquito Coast speak their own languages and English.", "Nicaragua __knowledge__ Originally inhabited by various indigenous cultures since ancient times, the Spanish Empire conquered the region in the 16th century." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Salsa is a popular form of social dance that originated in the Caribbean.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ The movements of salsa have origins in Puerto Rican bomba and plena, Cuban Son, cha-cha-cha, mambo and other dance forms.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ The dance, along with the salsa music, originated in the mid-1970s in New York.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Different regions of Latin America and the United States have distinct salsa styles of their own, such as Cuban, Puerto Rican, Cali Colombia, L.A. and New York styles.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Salsa dance socials are commonly held in night clubs, bars, ballrooms, restaurants, and outside, especially if part of an outdoor festival.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ In many styles of salsa dancing, as a dancer shifts their weight by stepping, the upper body remains level and nearly unaffected by the weight changes.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Weight shifts cause the hips to move.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Arm and shoulder movements are also incorporated.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ It generally uses music suitable for dancing ranges from about 150 bpm (beats per minute) to around 250 bpm, although most dancing is done to music somewhere between 160–220 bpm.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ The basic Salsa dance rhythm consists of taking three steps for every four beats of music.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ The odd number of steps creates the inherent syncopation to the Salsa dancing and ensures that it takes 8 beats of music to loop back to a new sequence of steps.", "Zawi ben Ziri __knowledge__ Zawi ben Ziri as-Sinhayi or Al-Mansur Zawi Ibn Ziri Ibn as-Manad Sanhaji (), was a chief in the Berber Sanhaja tribe.", "Zawi ben Ziri __knowledge__ He arrived in Spain in 1000 (391) during the reign of Almanzor.", "Zawi ben Ziri __knowledge__ He took part in the rebellion against the Caliphate of Córdoba and settled in the with followers from his Sanhaja tribe.", "Zawi ben Ziri __knowledge__ He founded the Taifa of Granada, and founded the Zirid dynasty of Granada as its first Emir, reigning from 1013 to 1019.", "Zawi ben Ziri __knowledge__ Zawi's father, Ziri ibn Manad (Ziri) was the leader of the Berber Sanhaja tribe, with allegiance to Al-Mansur Billah, leader of the Fatimid Caliphate.", "Zawi ben Ziri __knowledge__ Ziri founded the Zirid dynasty in the Maghreb with the permission of Al-Mansur Billah in 944 and built the city of El Achir.", "Illinois Soil Nitrogen Test __knowledge__ The Illinois Soil Nitrogen Test (\"ISNT\") is a method for measuring the amount of Nitrogen in soil that is available for use by plants as a nutrient.", "Illinois Soil Nitrogen Test __knowledge__ The test predicts whether the addition of nitrogen fertilizer to agricultural land will result in increased crop yields.", "Illinois Soil Nitrogen Test __knowledge__ Nitrogen is essential for plant development.", "Illinois Soil Nitrogen Test __knowledge__ Indeed, for crops that are destined to be food for farm animal or human consumption, incorporation of nitrogen into the crop is an important goal, since this forms the basis for protein in the human diet.", "Illinois Soil Nitrogen Test __knowledge__ Nitrogen is commonly present in soils in many forms, and there are many ways to measure this nitrogen.", "Risque (comics) __knowledge__ Risque (Gloria Dolores Muñoz) is a fictional character, a mutant in the Marvel Universe.", "Risque (comics) __knowledge__ Her first appearance was in \"X-Force vol.", "Risque (comics) __knowledge__ 1 #51\".", "Risque (comics) __knowledge__ Risque grew up in Florida to a Seminole mother and Cuban father.", "Risque (comics) __knowledge__ As established in a textual flashback in \"X-Force\" Vol 1 #66, she used to spend much of her time at the Wacky World Amusement park with her father.", "Risque (comics) __knowledge__ After her powers manifested at thirteen, she abandoned her suddenly embarrassing dad and spent time at the park flirting with older boys.", "Risque (comics) __knowledge__ She even acquired a job there, but was fired after a fortnight for smoking in costume behind the Astro-World Tilt-A-Whirl.", "Caroline Risque __knowledge__ Caroline Everett Risque Janis (August 20, 1883 – April 9, 1952) was an American painter, sculptor and a member of the early 20th-century artistic group \"The Potters\".", "Caroline Risque __knowledge__ Caroline Risque was the daughter of Ferdinand William Risque, born in Georgetown, D.C., and Aline Tilghman (Brooks) Risque, of Mobile, Alabama.", "Caroline Risque __knowledge__ She had two surviving sisters out of a total of five siblings: Aline Brooks Risque (1885–1964), who married Vice-Admiral Lloyd Toulmin Chalker, of New York; and Ethel Risque (b.", "Caroline Risque __knowledge__ 1889) who married John Blizard, of Ottawa.", "Caroline Risque __knowledge__ Risque went first to Miss Lockwood's kindergarten, for two years, and then she studied with a private tutor, Jennie Harris, until she was ten years old.", "Lycodon zawi __knowledge__ Lycodon zawi, commonly known as Zaw's wolf snake, is a species of nonvenomous colubrid snake.", "Lycodon zawi __knowledge__ The specific name, \"zawi\", is in honor of U Khin Maung Zaw, Director of the Myanmar Nature and Wildlife Conservation Division.", "Lycodon zawi __knowledge__ It is found in Bangladesh, NE India ( Assam, Meghalaya and Mizoram), and Myanmar (formerly called Burma).", "Lycodon zawi __knowledge__ \"Lycodon zawi\" is black with white bands.", "Lycodon zawi __knowledge__ It can grow to 50 cm (20 inches) in total length.", "Lycodon zawi __knowledge__ Zaw's wolf snake was discovered dwelling in forests and near streams at elevations of less than 500 m in Assam, India, including Garbhange Reserve Forest, and in northern Myanmar.", "Lycodon zawi __knowledge__ It feeds mainly on geckos.", "Revolution at Sea saga __knowledge__ The Revolution at Sea Saga is a series of five novels written by James L. Nelson, published from 1997 to 2001..", "Revolution at Sea saga __knowledge__ It encompasses the year 1775 through 1777 during the American Revolution, and focuses on the adventures of smuggler, revolutionary, captain, but most of all sailor Isaac Biddlecomb.", "Revolution at Sea saga __knowledge__ In \"By Force of Arms\", Captain Isaac Biddlecomb's smuggling ship, the \"Judea,\" is destroyed by British soldiers, which results eventually in his and his friend Ezra Rumstick's impressment aboard an English man-o-war, HMS \"Icarus\", commanded by the irresponsible and arrogant Lieutenant James Pendexter.", "Revolution at Sea saga __knowledge__ Isaac and his friends lead the revolt against the oppressive boatswain and captain of the \"Icarus\".", "Abu Omar al-Baghdadi __knowledge__ Hamid Dawud Mohamed Khalil al-Zawi (, died 18 April 2010) — known as Abu Hamza al-Baghdadi, and Abu Omar al-Qurashi al-Baghdadi ( ) — was the leader of the militant groups Mujahideen Shura Council, and its successor, the Islamic State of Iraq, which fought against US forces and their Iraqi allies in the Iraq War.", "Abu Omar al-Baghdadi __knowledge__ Little is known about al-Baghdadi.", "Abu Omar al-Baghdadi __knowledge__ According to Iraqi Defense Ministry spokesman Muhammad al-Askari, Abu Umar al-Baghdadi's real name was Hamid Dawoud al-Zawi.", "Abu Omar al-Baghdadi __knowledge__ Al-Zawi was reportedly a police brigadier general in the 1990s during the Ba'athist regime of Saddam Hussein, who became a staunch Salafi and was dismissed because of his religious extremism.", "Salsa music __knowledge__ Salsa music is a popular dance music that initially arose in New York City during the 1960s.", "Salsa music __knowledge__ Salsa is the product of various musical genres including the Cuban son montuno, guaracha, cha cha chá, mambo, and to a certain extent bolero, and the Puerto Rican bomba and plena.", "Salsa music __knowledge__ Latin jazz, which was also developed in New York City, has had a significant influence on salsa arrangers, piano guajeos, and instrumental soloists.", "Salsa music __knowledge__ Salsa is primarily Cuban son, itself a fusion of Spanish canción and guitar and Afro-Cuban percussion, merged with North American music styles such as jazz.", "Salsa music __knowledge__ Salsa also occasionally incorporates elements of rock, R&B, and funk.", "Dominican salsa __knowledge__ The Dominican Republic is widely known around the world as the Caribbean island where Merengue and Bachata music takes its current shape.", "Dominican salsa __knowledge__ Merengue and Bachata have been fueled by the cultural roots of the Dominican Republic and have in many ways shaped the Dominican economy.", "Dominican salsa __knowledge__ Johnny Pacheco was born in the Dominican Republic; he created Fania Records with Jerry Masucci in 1964 and was a major promoter of salsa music from New York City.", "Dominican salsa __knowledge__ Dominican artists played salsa in NYC and around the world.", "Dominican salsa __knowledge__ Dominican salsero/sonero, Cuco Valoy is known as \"El Brujo\" (the sorcerer) and as a Latino legend that served as an ambassador for Afro-Cuban music.", "American popular music __knowledge__ American popular music has had a profound effect on music across the world.", "American popular music __knowledge__ The country has seen the rise of popular styles that have had a significant influence on global culture, including ragtime, blues, jazz, swing, rock, bluegrass, country, R&B, doo wop, gospel, soul, funk, heavy metal, punk, disco, house, techno, salsa, grunge and hip hop.", "American popular music __knowledge__ In addition, the American music industry is quite diverse, supporting a number of regional styles such as zydeco, klezmer and slack-key.", "American popular music __knowledge__ Distinctive styles of American popular music emerged early in the 19th century, and in the 20th century the American music industry developed a series of new forms of music, using elements of blues and other genres of American folk music.", "Salsa romántica __knowledge__ Salsa Romántica is a soft form of salsa music that emerged between the mid-1980s and early 1990s in New York City and Puerto Rico.", "Salsa romántica __knowledge__ It has been the most commercially successful form of salsa in the last 20 years, despite criticism that it is a pale imitation of \"real\" salsa, often called \"salsa dura.\"", "Salsa romántica __knowledge__ Salsa Romántica is a slower, lighter sounding type of salsa music that La Palabra, a Cuban musician, introduced in the mid-1980s.", "Salsa romántica __knowledge__ \"Salsa romántica\" arose at a time when classic, big-band salsa, popularized by Fania Records was taking an astounding measure on the Latin record charts, owing to the merengue boom and the rise of Latin pop.", "Women in Latin music __knowledge__ Women have made significant contributions to Latin music, a genre which predates Italian explorer Christopher Columbus' arrival in Latin America in 1492 and the Spanish colonization of the Americas.", "Women in Latin music __knowledge__ The earliest musicians were Native Americans, hundreds of ethnic groups across the continent, whose lyrics \"reflect conflict, beauty, pain, and loss that mark all human experience.\"", "Women in Latin music __knowledge__ Indigenous communities reserved music for women, who were given equal opportunities with men to teach, perform, sing, and dance.", "Women in Latin music __knowledge__ Ethnomusicologists have measured ceramic, animal-bone, and cane flutes from the Inca Empire which indicate a preference for women with a high vocal range.", "Nuyorican Movement __knowledge__ The Nuyorican Movement is a cultural and intellectual movement involving poets, writers, musicians and artists who are Puerto Rican or of Puerto Rican descent, who live in or near New York City, and either call themselves or are known as Nuyoricans.", "Nuyorican Movement __knowledge__ It originated in the late 1960s and early 1970s in neighborhoods such as Loisaida, East Harlem, Williamsburg, and the South Bronx as a means to validate Puerto Rican experience in the United States, particularly for poor and working-class people who suffered from marginalization, ostracism, and discrimination.", "Nuyorican Movement __knowledge__ The term Nuyorican was originally used as an insult until leading artists such as Miguel Algarín reclaimed it and transformed its meaning." ] ]

[ 1, 51, 2 ]

[ "I am very interested in Salsa Dancing. Do you know anything about it?", "I am not very good at it either! I just like to have fun! Salsa music arose in NYC in the 1960s!", "It could be viewed that way. The dance movements have origins in both Puerto Rican and Cuban dance styles." ]

[ "Salsa (dance)", "Salsa (dance)", "Salsa (dance)" ]

[ "Cupcake", "Oh I love cupcakes. I love how they can be so many different flavors and flavor combinations!", "That sounds really fun! It would be cool to have that for a little girl's birthday!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cupcake __knowledge__ A cupcake (also British English: fairy cake; Hiberno-English: bun; Australian English: fairy cake or patty cake) is a small cake designed to serve one person, which may be baked in a small thin paper or aluminum cup.", "Cupcake __knowledge__ As with larger cakes, icing and other cake decorations such as fruit and candy may be applied.", "Cupcake __knowledge__ The earliest extant description of what is now often called a cupcake was in 1796, when a recipe for \"a light cake to bake in small cups\" was written in \"American Cookery\" by Amelia Simmons.", "Cupcake __knowledge__ The earliest extant documentation of the term \"cupcake\" itself was in \"Seventy-five Receipts for Pastry, Cakes, and Sweetmeats\" in 1828 in Eliza Leslie's \"Receipts\" cookbook.", "Cupcake __knowledge__ In the early 19th century, there were two different uses for the term \"cup cake\" or \"cupcake\".", "Cupcake __knowledge__ In previous centuries, before muffin tins were widely available, the cakes were often baked in individual pottery cups, ramekins, or molds and took their name from the cups they were baked in.", "Cupcake __knowledge__ This is the use of the name that has remained, and the name of \"cupcake\" is now given to any small, round cake that is about the size of a teacup.", "Cupcake __knowledge__ While English fairy cakes vary in size more than American cupcake, they are traditionally smaller and are rarely topped with elaborate icing." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cupcake __knowledge__ A cupcake (also British English: fairy cake; Hiberno-English: bun; Australian English: fairy cake or patty cake) is a small cake designed to serve one person, which may be baked in a small thin paper or aluminum cup.", "Cupcake __knowledge__ As with larger cakes, icing and other cake decorations such as fruit and candy may be applied.", "Cupcake __knowledge__ The earliest extant description of what is now often called a cupcake was in 1796, when a recipe for \"a light cake to bake in small cups\" was written in \"American Cookery\" by Amelia Simmons.", "Cupcake __knowledge__ The earliest extant documentation of the term \"cupcake\" itself was in \"Seventy-five Receipts for Pastry, Cakes, and Sweetmeats\" in 1828 in Eliza Leslie's \"Receipts\" cookbook.", "Cupcake __knowledge__ In the early 19th century, there were two different uses for the term \"cup cake\" or \"cupcake\".", "Cupcake __knowledge__ In previous centuries, before muffin tins were widely available, the cakes were often baked in individual pottery cups, ramekins, or molds and took their name from the cups they were baked in.", "Cupcake __knowledge__ This is the use of the name that has remained, and the name of \"cupcake\" is now given to any small, round cake that is about the size of a teacup.", "Cupcake __knowledge__ While English fairy cakes vary in size more than American cupcake, they are traditionally smaller and are rarely topped with elaborate icing.", "Lay's __knowledge__ Lay's is the name of a brand for a number of potato chip varieties, as well as the name of the company that founded the chip brand in the U.S. in 1932.", "Lay's __knowledge__ It is also called Frito-Lay.", "Lay's __knowledge__ Lay's has been owned by PepsiCo since 1965.", "Lay's __knowledge__ \"Lay's\" is the company's primary brand, with the exception of limited markets where other brand names are used: Walkers in the United Kingdom and Ireland; Smith's in Australia; Chipsy in Egypt; Poca in Vietnam; Tapuchips in Israel; Margarita in Colombia; Sabritas in Mexico; and, formerly, Hostess in Canada.", "Lay's __knowledge__ In 1932, salesman Herman Lay opened a snack food operation in Dorset, Ohio; and, in 1938, he purchased the Atlanta, Georgia, potato chip manufacturer \"Barrett Food Company\", renaming it \"H.W.", "Hostess CupCake __knowledge__ Hostess CupCake is a brand of snack cake formerly produced and distributed by Hostess Brands and currently owned by private equity firms Apollo Global Management and Metropoulos & Co. Its most common form is a chocolate cupcake with chocolate icing and vanilla creme filling, with eight distinctive white squiggles across the top.", "Hostess CupCake __knowledge__ However, other flavors have been available at times.", "Hostess CupCake __knowledge__ It has been claimed to be the first commercially produced cupcake and has become an iconic American brand.", "Hostess CupCake __knowledge__ The Hostess CupCake was first sold on May 11, 1919.", "Hostess CupCake __knowledge__ According to author Andrew F. Smith, it was the first commercially produced cupcake, originally produced by the Taggart Bakery as the Chocolate Cup Cake.", "Flavor __knowledge__ Flavor (American English) or flavour (British English; see spelling differences) is the sensory impression of food or other substance, and is determined primarily by the chemical senses of taste and smell.", "Flavor __knowledge__ The \"trigeminal senses\", which detect chemical irritants in the mouth and throat, as well as temperature and texture, are also important to the overall gestalt of flavor perception.", "Flavor __knowledge__ The flavor of the food, as such, can be altered with natural or artificial flavorants which affect these senses.", "Flavor __knowledge__ A \"flavorant\" is defined as a substance that gives another substance flavor, altering the characteristics of the solute, causing it to become sweet, sour, tangy, etc.. A flavor is a quality of something that affects the sense of taste.", "Jones Soda __knowledge__ Jones Soda Co. is a beverage company based in Pioneer Square, Seattle, Washington.", "Jones Soda __knowledge__ It bottles and distributes soft drinks, non-carbonated beverages, energy drinks, and candy.", "Jones Soda __knowledge__ Jones Soda is a carbonated soft drink that has many unusual flavors that are not offered by other soft drink makers.", "Jones Soda __knowledge__ The company was founded by Peter van Stolk in 1986 as a beverage distributor in Western Canada.", "Jones Soda __knowledge__ Until 1995, the company distributed other beverage lines such as AriZona Iced Tea and Thomas Kemper sodas in Western Canada.", "Jones Soda __knowledge__ As the company gained significant knowledge of the beverage industry, it decided to get into the market with alternative beverages as the Urban Juice & Soda Company.", "Neutrino __knowledge__ A neutrino ( or ) (denoted by the Greek letter ν) is a fermion (an elementary particle with half-integer spin) that interacts only via the weak subatomic force and gravity.", "Neutrino __knowledge__ The mass of the neutrino is much smaller than that of the other known elementary particles.", "Neutrino __knowledge__ Although only differences of squares of the three mass values are known as of 2016, cosmological observations imply that the sum of the three masses must be less than one millionth that of the electron.", "Neutrino __knowledge__ The neutrino is so named because it is electrically neutral and because its rest mass is so small (\"-ino\") that it was long thought to be zero.", "Doritos __knowledge__ Doritos () is an American brand of flavored tortilla chips produced since 1964 by Frito-Lay, a wholly owned subsidiary of PepsiCo.", "Doritos __knowledge__ The original Doritos flavor is Nacho Cheese, though other flavors have since debuted for the company.", "Doritos __knowledge__ Doritos originated in a restaurant at Disneyland.", "Doritos __knowledge__ Doritos has also gained notoriety for its marketing campaigns, including many ads aired during the Super Bowl.", "Doritos __knowledge__ The original product was made at the Casa de Fritos (now Rancho Del Zocalo) at Disneyland in Anaheim, California, during the early 1960s.", "Doritos __knowledge__ Using surplus tortillas and taking the original idea from the traditional Mexican snack known as totopo, the company-owned restaurant cut them up, fried them, and added basic seasoning, resembling the Mexican chilaquiles, but in this case being dry.", "Instant noodle __knowledge__ Instant noodles are sold in a precooked and dried noodle block, with flavoring powder and/or seasoning oil.", "Instant noodle __knowledge__ The flavoring is usually in a separate packet, although in the case of cup noodles the flavoring is often loose in the cup.", "Instant noodle __knowledge__ Some instant noodle products are seal packed; these can be reheated or eaten straight from the packet/container.", "Instant noodle __knowledge__ Dried noodle blocks are cooked or soaked in boiling water before eating.", "Instant noodle __knowledge__ The main ingredients used in dried noodles are usually wheat flour, palm oil, and salt.", "Instant noodle __knowledge__ Common ingredients in the flavoring powder are salt, monosodium glutamate, seasoning, and sugar.", "Black-figure pottery __knowledge__ Black-figure pottery painting, also known as the black-figure style or black-figure ceramic (Greek, \"μελανόμορφα\", \"melanomorpha\") is one of the styles of painting on antique Greek vases.", "Black-figure pottery __knowledge__ It was especially common between the 7th and 5th centuries BC, although there are specimens dating as late as the 2nd century BC.", "Black-figure pottery __knowledge__ Stylistically it can be distinguished from the preceding orientalizing period and the subsequent red-figure pottery style.", "Black-figure pottery __knowledge__ Figures and ornaments were painted on the body of the vessel using shapes and colors reminiscent of silhouettes.", "Black-figure pottery __knowledge__ Delicate contours were incised into the paint before firing, and details could be reinforced and highlighted with opaque colors, usually white and red.", "Sprinkles Cupcakes __knowledge__ Sprinkles Cupcakes is a Beverly Hills, California-based cupcake bakery chain established in 2005.", "Sprinkles Cupcakes __knowledge__ It is considered one of the first cupcake bakeries.", "Sprinkles Cupcakes __knowledge__ In 2002, Candace Nelson and her husband Charles Nelson, both investment bankers, visited Candace's sister in New York and tried the cupcakes at Magnolia Bakery.", "Sprinkles Cupcakes __knowledge__ Candace decided that it was \"time for cupcakes to stop being the backup dancer to cakes\".", "Sprinkles Cupcakes __knowledge__ Having had started a custom cake business after attending Tante Marie's Pastry Program in San Francisco, she set her sights on cupcakes.", "Sprinkles Cupcakes __knowledge__ \"I was taking orders for special occasion cakes which I came to realize are, by definition, reserved for special, infrequent occasions,\" she said.", "Johnny Cupcakes __knowledge__ Johnny Cupcakes, Inc. (commonly known as Johnny Cupcakes) is a clothing brand founded in 2001 by Johnny Earle.", "Johnny Cupcakes __knowledge__ The clothing line uses cupcakes as the prominent design motif of its merchandise, often replacing iconic symbols with cupcakes.", "Johnny Cupcakes __knowledge__ The brand's insignia is a skull and crossbones, with a cupcake silhouette replacing the skull.", "Johnny Cupcakes __knowledge__ The Johnny Cupcakes line includes T-shirts, shorts, sweaters, jewelry, undergarments, and pins.", "Johnny Cupcakes __knowledge__ Its flagship store is located in Boston along with his online store, which ships worldwide.", "Johnny Cupcakes __knowledge__ Earle says he initially started the Johnny Cupcakes brand \"dewas Dewan\".", "Johnny Cupcakes __knowledge__ The clothing line has its origins back in 2000 when Earle worked at the Newbury Comics music shop in Braintree, Massachusetts.", "Twelve Cupcakes __knowledge__ Twelve Cupcakes is a Singapore based chain cupcakeries selling cupcakes.", "Twelve Cupcakes __knowledge__ Owned by Dhunseri Group, the cupcakery was established in 2011 and is one of the largest in Singapore.", "Twelve Cupcakes __knowledge__ The company established a new dine-in cafe, Dulce and Sucre, in 2014 and currently it has 29 stores, in 4 different countries, with 16 located in Singapore.", "Twelve Cupcakes __knowledge__ The number '12' is significant in daily lives as there are 12 months in a year, 12 numbers on a clock and 12 holes in a typical baking tray.", "Twelve Cupcakes __knowledge__ Hence the name Twelve Cupcakes.", "Twelve Cupcakes __knowledge__ In 2011, Daniel Ong and Jaime Teo started Twelve Cupcakes with Jaime having created the recipes of all the cupcakes sold in the stores.", "Hank & Cupcakes __knowledge__ Hank & Cupcakes are an Atlanta-based indie rock-pop duo formed in 2008 in Tel Aviv, Israel.", "Hank & Cupcakes __knowledge__ The group consists of husband-and-wife Ariel \"Hank\" Scherbacovsky (bass guitar) and Sagit \"Cupcakes\" Shir (drums, vocals).", "Hank & Cupcakes __knowledge__ They took their name as a reference to Hank Chinaski, the literary alter ego of American writer Charles Bukowski and one of his real-life lovers, Pamela \"Cupcakes\" Wood.", "Hank & Cupcakes __knowledge__ On October 22, 2012, the band released their \"Ain't No Love\" EP on BMG Rights Management, with the first single \"Sweet Potion\" being premiered by MTV Hive on October 9, 2012.", "Hank & Cupcakes __knowledge__ Their full-length debut album, \"Naked\", was released July 2, 2013.", "Desert __knowledge__ A desert is a barren area of landscape where little precipitation occurs and consequently living conditions are hostile for plant and animal life.", "Desert __knowledge__ The lack of vegetation exposes the unprotected surface of the ground to the processes of denudation.", "Desert __knowledge__ About one third of the land surface of the world is arid or semi-arid.", "Desert __knowledge__ This includes much of the polar regions where little precipitation occurs and which are sometimes called polar deserts or \"cold deserts\".", "Desert __knowledge__ Deserts can be classified by the amount of precipitation that falls, by the temperature that prevails, by the causes of desertification or by their geographical location." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cupcake __knowledge__ A cupcake (also British English: fairy cake; Hiberno-English: bun; Australian English: fairy cake or patty cake) is a small cake designed to serve one person, which may be baked in a small thin paper or aluminum cup.", "Cupcake __knowledge__ As with larger cakes, icing and other cake decorations such as fruit and candy may be applied.", "Cupcake __knowledge__ The earliest extant description of what is now often called a cupcake was in 1796, when a recipe for \"a light cake to bake in small cups\" was written in \"American Cookery\" by Amelia Simmons.", "Cupcake __knowledge__ The earliest extant documentation of the term \"cupcake\" itself was in \"Seventy-five Receipts for Pastry, Cakes, and Sweetmeats\" in 1828 in Eliza Leslie's \"Receipts\" cookbook.", "Cupcake __knowledge__ In the early 19th century, there were two different uses for the term \"cup cake\" or \"cupcake\".", "Cupcake __knowledge__ In previous centuries, before muffin tins were widely available, the cakes were often baked in individual pottery cups, ramekins, or molds and took their name from the cups they were baked in.", "Cupcake __knowledge__ This is the use of the name that has remained, and the name of \"cupcake\" is now given to any small, round cake that is about the size of a teacup.", "Cupcake __knowledge__ While English fairy cakes vary in size more than American cupcake, they are traditionally smaller and are rarely topped with elaborate icing.", "Metamorphosis (Hilary Duff album) __knowledge__ Metamorphosis is the second studio album by American singer Hilary Duff.", "Metamorphosis (Hilary Duff album) __knowledge__ The album was released on August 26, 2003 by Hollywood Records as a follow up to her holiday album, \"Santa Claus Lane\" (2002).", "Metamorphosis (Hilary Duff album) __knowledge__ According to Duff, the album incorporates elements of pop and rock music, and it represents changes that are specific to her life and that everyone experiences.", "Metamorphosis (Hilary Duff album) __knowledge__ Duff worked with several producers on the album such as The Matrix who worked with Latin Pop Singer, Myra, also signed to Hollywood Records prior.", "Metamorphosis (Hilary Duff album) __knowledge__ Others who collaborated on the album include Chico Bennett, Matthew Gerrard, John Shanks, and his frequent writing partner Kara DioGuardi.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Disney/Pixar's \"Toy Story\" franchise which consists of the animated films \"Toy Story\" (1995), \"Toy Story 2\" (1999), and \"Toy Story 3\" (2010) and the animated short films.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ Voiced by: Sheriff Woody Pride is a 1950s old traditional pull string cowboy doll, and Andy's favorite toy.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ Appearing in all three \"Toy Story\" films, he usually acts as the leader of the gang.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ His rivalry with Buzz forms the basis of the plot of the first film.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ In \"Toy Story 2\", he is stolen at a yard sale by a toy collector, causing the other toys to embark on a rescue mission.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ In \"Toy Story 3\" he and the other toys are shipped to a daycare center.", "Stars Dance __knowledge__ Stars Dance is the debut solo studio album by American singer Selena Gomez.", "Stars Dance __knowledge__ It was released on July 19, 2013, by Hollywood Records.", "Stars Dance __knowledge__ Gomez began planning the project in 2012, at which time she announced that her band Selena Gomez & the Scene would be taking an indefinite hiatus, and continued work into 2013.", "Stars Dance __knowledge__ She has cited artists such as Britney Spears and Skrillex as influences on the record, which stylistically features EDM and electropop music.", "Stars Dance __knowledge__ Elements of dubstep, techno, disco and worldbeat have been noted on the album.", "Stars Dance __knowledge__ Gomez worked with producers such as Rock Mafia and The Cataracs on the album.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The Beach Boys are an American rock band formed in Hawthorne, California, in 1961.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The group's original lineup consisted of brothers Brian, Dennis, and Carl Wilson; their cousin Mike Love; and their friend Al Jardine.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ Distinguished by their vocal harmonies and early surf songs, they are one of the most influential acts of the rock era.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The band drew on the music of jazz-based vocal groups, 1950s rock and roll, and black R&B to create their unique sound, and with Brian as producer, composer, and de facto leader, they pioneered novel approaches to popular music form and production.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ He later arranged his compositions for studio orchestras and explored a variety of other styles, often incorporating classical or jazz elements and unconventional recording techniques in innovative ways.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Pet Sounds is the eleventh studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released on May 16, 1966.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ It initially met with a lukewarm critical and commercial response in the United States, peaking at number 10 in the \"Billboard\" 200, a significantly lower placement than the band's preceding albums.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the album was hailed by its music press and was an immediate commercial success, peaking at number 2 in the UK Top 40 Albums Chart and remaining among the top ten positions for six months.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Originally promoted as \"the most progressive pop album ever\", \"Pet Sounds\" attracted recognition for its ambitious recording and unusually sophisticated music, and is widely considered to be one of the most influential albums in music history.", "Whitney Houston __knowledge__ Whitney Elizabeth Houston (August 9, 1963 – February 11, 2012) was an American singer, actress, producer, and model.", "Whitney Houston __knowledge__ In 2009, \"Guinness World Records\" cited her as the most awarded female act of all time.", "Whitney Houston __knowledge__ Houston is one of the best-selling music artists of all-time, with 200 million records sold worldwide.", "Whitney Houston __knowledge__ She released seven studio albums and two soundtrack albums, all of which have diamond, multi-platinum, platinum, or gold certification.", "Whitney Houston __knowledge__ Houston's crossover appeal on the popular music charts, as well as her prominence on MTV, starting with her video for \"How Will I Know\", influenced several African American women artists who follow in her footsteps.", "Sprinkles Cupcakes __knowledge__ Sprinkles Cupcakes is a Beverly Hills, California-based cupcake bakery chain established in 2005.", "Sprinkles Cupcakes __knowledge__ It is considered one of the first cupcake bakeries.", "Sprinkles Cupcakes __knowledge__ In 2002, Candace Nelson and her husband Charles Nelson, both investment bankers, visited Candace's sister in New York and tried the cupcakes at Magnolia Bakery.", "Sprinkles Cupcakes __knowledge__ Candace decided that it was \"time for cupcakes to stop being the backup dancer to cakes\".", "Sprinkles Cupcakes __knowledge__ Having had started a custom cake business after attending Tante Marie's Pastry Program in San Francisco, she set her sights on cupcakes.", "Sprinkles Cupcakes __knowledge__ \"I was taking orders for special occasion cakes which I came to realize are, by definition, reserved for special, infrequent occasions,\" she said.", "The Biggest Loser (season 9) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Couples 3 is the ninth season of the NBC reality television series \"The Biggest Loser\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 9) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize, which was awarded to Michael Ventrella, the finalist with the highest percentage of weight lost.", "The Biggest Loser (season 9) __knowledge__ It first aired January 5, 2010.", "The Biggest Loser (season 9) __knowledge__ After six episodes, \"The Biggest Loser\" went on hiatus and returned after the 2010 Winter Olympics on March 2, 2010.", "The Biggest Loser (season 9) __knowledge__ The live finale aired on May 25, 2010.", "The Biggest Loser (season 9) __knowledge__ The season premiered on NBC on January 5, 2010 and tallied its best premiere rating ever, powering NBC to the adults 18-49 ratings win for that night.", "The Biggest Loser (season 9) __knowledge__ \"Biggest Loser: Couples\" was up 2% from its January, 2009 premiere to a 4.6 adults 18-49 rating.", "Twelve Cupcakes __knowledge__ Twelve Cupcakes is a Singapore based chain cupcakeries selling cupcakes.", "Twelve Cupcakes __knowledge__ Owned by Dhunseri Group, the cupcakery was established in 2011 and is one of the largest in Singapore.", "Twelve Cupcakes __knowledge__ The company established a new dine-in cafe, Dulce and Sucre, in 2014 and currently it has 29 stores, in 4 different countries, with 16 located in Singapore.", "Twelve Cupcakes __knowledge__ The number '12' is significant in daily lives as there are 12 months in a year, 12 numbers on a clock and 12 holes in a typical baking tray.", "Twelve Cupcakes __knowledge__ Hence the name Twelve Cupcakes.", "Twelve Cupcakes __knowledge__ In 2011, Daniel Ong and Jaime Teo started Twelve Cupcakes with Jaime having created the recipes of all the cupcakes sold in the stores.", "Johnny Cupcakes __knowledge__ Johnny Cupcakes, Inc. (commonly known as Johnny Cupcakes) is a clothing brand founded in 2001 by Johnny Earle.", "Johnny Cupcakes __knowledge__ The clothing line uses cupcakes as the prominent design motif of its merchandise, often replacing iconic symbols with cupcakes.", "Johnny Cupcakes __knowledge__ The brand's insignia is a skull and crossbones, with a cupcake silhouette replacing the skull.", "Johnny Cupcakes __knowledge__ The Johnny Cupcakes line includes T-shirts, shorts, sweaters, jewelry, undergarments, and pins.", "Johnny Cupcakes __knowledge__ Its flagship store is located in Boston along with his online store, which ships worldwide.", "Johnny Cupcakes __knowledge__ Earle says he initially started the Johnny Cupcakes brand \"dewas Dewan\".", "Johnny Cupcakes __knowledge__ The clothing line has its origins back in 2000 when Earle worked at the Newbury Comics music shop in Braintree, Massachusetts.", "Unicorn __knowledge__ The unicorn is a legendary creature that has been described since antiquity as a beast with a single large, pointed, spiraling horn projecting from its forehead.", "Unicorn __knowledge__ The unicorn was depicted in ancient seals of the Indus Valley Civilization and was mentioned by the ancient Greeks in accounts of natural history by various writers, including Ctesias, Strabo, Pliny the Younger, and Aelian.", "Unicorn __knowledge__ The Bible also describes an animal, the re'em, which some versions translate as \"unicorn\".", "Unicorn __knowledge__ In European folklore, the unicorn is often depicted as a white horse-like or goat-like animal with a long horn and cloven hooves (sometimes a goat's beard).", "In or Out __knowledge__ \"In or Out\" is an episode from the dramedy series \"Ugly Betty\", the thirteenth in the series overall, which aired on January 18, 2007.", "In or Out __knowledge__ It was written by Myra Jo Martino and directed by Michael Spiller.", "In or Out __knowledge__ The episode title itself is an allusion to the film with the similar name.", "In or Out __knowledge__ In the weeks that have passed since Sofia's deception, we find the Suarezes at a Mexican restaurant, where in the midst of a conversation between Betty, Justin and Ignacio, Hilda runs in and informs her family that Herbalux has been recalled by the FDA and she is without any income.", "In or Out __knowledge__ Betty tries to tell her that it will all be okay." ] ]

[ 6, 0, 0 ]

[ "Cupcakes are one of my favorite deserts! They used to made in pottery cups. ", "Yes, they can also be decorated for any occasion! My favorite was tray of cupcakes decorated to look like a unicorn.", "It would be fun! It's beneficial for birthdays because you can have multiple flavors to please everyone. " ]

[ "Cupcake", "Cupcake", "Cupcake" ]

[ "Golf", "I think Golf is a good sport. I like disk golf better in my opinion. My husband introduced me to that sport.", "I agree. When he and I started dating he took me to this one disk golf course that was also a hiking trail. It's great, but I was so tired at the end.", "That is me. I get so very frustrated and upset because it takes me so many tries. Then my husband is like one or two and that's it." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Golf __knowledge__ Golf is a club and ball sport in which players use various clubs to hit balls into a series of holes on a course in as few strokes as possible.", "Golf __knowledge__ Golf, unlike most ball games, cannot and does not utilize a standardized playing area, and coping with the varied terrains encountered on different courses is a key part of the game.", "Golf __knowledge__ The game at the highest level is played on a course with an arranged progression of 18 holes, though recreational courses can be smaller, usually 9 holes.", "Golf __knowledge__ Each hole on the course must contain a tee box to start from, and a putting green containing the actual hole or cup (4.25 inches in diameter).", "Golf __knowledge__ There are other standard forms of terrain in between, such as the fairway, rough (long grass), sand traps (or \"bunkers\"), and various hazards (water, rocks, fescue) but each hole on a course is unique in its specific layout and arrangement.", "Golf __knowledge__ Golf is played for the lowest number of strokes by an individual, known as stroke play, or the lowest score on the most individual holes in a complete round by an individual or team, known as match play.", "Golf __knowledge__ Stroke play is the most commonly seen format at all levels, but most especially at the elite level.", "Golf __knowledge__ The modern game of golf originated in 15th century Scotland." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Golf __knowledge__ Golf is a club and ball sport in which players use various clubs to hit balls into a series of holes on a course in as few strokes as possible.", "Golf __knowledge__ Golf, unlike most ball games, cannot and does not utilize a standardized playing area, and coping with the varied terrains encountered on different courses is a key part of the game.", "Golf __knowledge__ The game at the highest level is played on a course with an arranged progression of 18 holes, though recreational courses can be smaller, usually 9 holes.", "Golf __knowledge__ Each hole on the course must contain a tee box to start from, and a putting green containing the actual hole or cup (4.25 inches in diameter).", "Golf __knowledge__ There are other standard forms of terrain in between, such as the fairway, rough (long grass), sand traps (or \"bunkers\"), and various hazards (water, rocks, fescue) but each hole on a course is unique in its specific layout and arrangement.", "Golf __knowledge__ Golf is played for the lowest number of strokes by an individual, known as stroke play, or the lowest score on the most individual holes in a complete round by an individual or team, known as match play.", "Golf __knowledge__ Stroke play is the most commonly seen format at all levels, but most especially at the elite level.", "Golf __knowledge__ The modern game of golf originated in 15th century Scotland.", "Negrara __knowledge__ Negrara is a red Italian wine grape variety grown in north east Italy including the Veneto region where it is a permitted variety in the \"Denominazione di origine controllata\" (DOC) wine Amarone.", "Negrara __knowledge__ While the grape was once more widely planted in the region its numbers have been steadily declining for most of the late 20th and early 21st century.", "Negrara __knowledge__ In the Valpolicella region, Negrara is a permitted minor component in the full bodied DOCG straw wine Amarone behind Corvina Veronese (40-70% of the wine), Rondinella (20-40%) and Molinara (5-25%).", "Negrara __knowledge__ Along with Barbera and Sangiovese, Negrara can make up to 15% of the wine provided the grapes used for the DOC wine are harvested to a yield no greater than 8 tonnes/hectare.", "Ray Mallon __knowledge__ Ray Mallon (born 1955, Thornaby-on-Tees, Yorkshire, England) was the first directly elected Mayor of Middlesbrough and former detective superintendent of Cleveland Police.", "Ray Mallon __knowledge__ In 2001 he was forced to resign from the police after pleading guilty to 14 charges of misconduct, though he maintains his innocence.", "Ray Mallon __knowledge__ Ray Mallon was raised in Thornaby-on-Tees, Yorkshire, a working-class area of Stockton-On-Tees, the only child of Joe and Pauline Mallon.", "Ray Mallon __knowledge__ His father was a coalman and an amateur boxer.", "Ray Mallon __knowledge__ As a teenager, Mallon captained the under-20 Great Britain water polo team and went on to represent his country over 50 times.", "Mystery Science Theater 3000 __knowledge__ Mystery Science Theater 3000 (MST3K) is an American television comedy series created by Joel Hodgson and produced by Alternaversal Productions, LLC.", "Mystery Science Theater 3000 __knowledge__ The show premiered on KTMA (now WUCW) in Minneapolis, Minnesota, on November 24, 1988.", "Mystery Science Theater 3000 __knowledge__ It later aired on The Comedy Channel/Comedy Central for seven seasons until its cancellation in 1997.", "Mystery Science Theater 3000 __knowledge__ Thereafter, it was picked up by The Sci-Fi Channel and aired for three seasons until another cancellation in August 1999.", "Mystery Science Theater 3000 __knowledge__ A 60-episode syndication package titled \"The Mystery Science Theater Hour\" was produced in 1995.", "Mystery Science Theater 3000 __knowledge__ In 2015, Hodgson led a crowdfunded revival of the series with 14 episodes in its eleventh season, released on Netflix on April 14, 2017, with another season to follow in the near future.", "Mary Mallon __knowledge__ Mary Mallon (September 23, 1869 – November 11, 1938), better known as Typhoid Mary, was the first person in the United States identified as an asymptomatic carrier of the pathogen associated with typhoid fever.", "Mary Mallon __knowledge__ She was presumed to have infected 51 people, three of whom died, over the course of her career as a cook.", "Mary Mallon __knowledge__ She was twice forcibly isolated by public health authorities and died after a total of nearly three decades in isolation.", "Mary Mallon __knowledge__ Mary Mallon was born in 1869 in Cookstown, County Tyrone, in what is now Northern Ireland.", "Mary Mallon __knowledge__ She emigrated to the United States in 1883 at the age of 15.", "Mary Mallon __knowledge__ She lived with her aunt and uncle for a time and later found work as a cook for affluent families.", "Thomas Mallon __knowledge__ Thomas Mallon (born November 2, 1951) is an American novelist, essayist, and critic.", "Thomas Mallon __knowledge__ His novels are renowned for their attention to historical detail and context and for the author's crisp wit and interest in the \"bystanders\" to larger historical events.", "Thomas Mallon __knowledge__ He is the author of nine books of fiction, including \"Henry and Clara\", \"Two Moons\", \"Dewey Defeats Truman\", \"Aurora 7\", \"Bandbox\", \"Fellow Travelers\", \"Watergate\", and most recently \"Finale\".", "Thomas Mallon __knowledge__ He has also published nonfiction on plagiarism (\"Stolen Words\"), diaries (\"A Book of One's Own\"), letters (\"Yours Ever\") and the Kennedy assassination (\"Mrs. Paine's Garage\"), as well as two volumes of essays (\"Rockets and Rodeos\" and \"In Fact\").", "Meg Mallon __knowledge__ Meg Mallon (born April 14, 1963) is an American professional golfer.", "Meg Mallon __knowledge__ She became a member of the LPGA Tour in 1987 and won 18 LPGA Tour events, including four major championship, during her career.", "Meg Mallon __knowledge__ Mallon was elected to the World Golf Hall of Fame and was inducted in September 2017.", "Meg Mallon __knowledge__ Mallon was born in Natick, Massachusetts.", "Meg Mallon __knowledge__ She started playing golf at the age of 7.", "Meg Mallon __knowledge__ She won the Michigan Amateur Championship title in 1983.", "Meg Mallon __knowledge__ She attended Mercy High School in Farmington Hills, Michigan.", "Meg Mallon __knowledge__ She attended Ohio State University, where she earned All-Conference honors from 1984–85 and was the runner-up at the 1985 Big Ten Championship.", "Springfield, Michigan __knowledge__ Springfield is a city in Calhoun County in the U.S. state of Michigan.", "Springfield, Michigan __knowledge__ It is an enclave of the city of Battle Creek.", "Springfield, Michigan __knowledge__ The population was 5,260 at the 2010 census.", "Springfield, Michigan __knowledge__ The City of Springfield hosts a year-round farmers' market to provide the community with access to fresh, local produce.", "Springfield, Michigan __knowledge__ The Springfield Farmers' Market is open to the public and accepts Food Assistance Benefits including SNAP/Bridge Cards, Double Up Food Bucks, WIC Project Fresh, and Market FRESH.", "Springfield, Michigan __knowledge__ The Springfield Farmers' Market is the largest in Calhoun County.", "Springfield, Michigan __knowledge__ The building in which it is housed is 9,500 square feet and has a bistro area where shoppers can enjoy the market happenings.", "Seaton Carew Golf Club __knowledge__ Seaton Carew has held golf games since 1874, making it the tenth oldest golf club in England.", "Seaton Carew Golf Club __knowledge__ The Club is based on the North Sea coast, north of the River Tees in North East England.", "Seaton Carew Golf Club __knowledge__ When it was first established this classic links course became the only golf club in the English counties of Yorkshire and Durham, hence its original name The Durham & Yorkshire Golf Club.", "Seaton Carew Golf Club __knowledge__ In commemoration of this, today the Club's crest and badge retain the emblems of both the Bishop of Durham and The Bishop of York.", "Seaton Carew Golf Club __knowledge__ As more golf clubs were coming into being, particularly in North Yorkshire and County Durham, the Club's Committee and members decided the old title was no longer apt and the name of Seaton Carew Golf Club was adopted in 1887.", "Mecarobot Golf __knowledge__ Mecarobot Golf is an arcade-style golf video game released for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System.", "Mecarobot Golf __knowledge__ The game was originally released in Japan as .", "Mecarobot Golf __knowledge__ The general theme of \"Mecarobot Golf\" is a near-futuristic golf course where humanoid robots are considered to be second-class citizens.", "Mecarobot Golf __knowledge__ A robot named Eagle is blocked from participating in the world's professional golfing tournaments due to discrimination.", "Mecarobot Golf __knowledge__ Eagle has the ability to play golf better than a human being but is denied the chance to do so.", "Mecarobot Golf __knowledge__ A benefactor purchases Eagle and builds a golf course for him to practice on.", "Mecarobot Golf __knowledge__ The player's skill determine whether humans or robots are truly better at golf.", "Mississippi River __knowledge__ The Mississippi River is the chief river of the second-largest drainage system on the North American continent, second only to the Hudson Bay drainage system.", "Mississippi River __knowledge__ The stream is entirely within the United States (although its drainage basin reaches into Canada), its source is in northern Minnesota and it flows generally south for to the Mississippi River Delta in the Gulf of Mexico.", "Mississippi River __knowledge__ With its many tributaries, the Mississippi's watershed drains all or parts of 31 U.S. states and two Canadian provinces between the Rocky and Appalachian Mountains.", "Mississippi River __knowledge__ The Mississippi ranks as the fourth-longest and fifteenth-largest river in the world by discharge.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Downton Abbey, a British period drama television series created by Julian Fellowes and co-produced by Carnival Films and Masterpiece for ITV and PBS, respectively.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Robert Crawley, The 7th Earl of Grantham (also known as Lord Grantham) (played by Hugh Bonneville) was born in 1866 at Downton Abbey.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ His parents are the late 6th Earl of Grantham and the Dowager Countess of Grantham, Violet Crawley.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ He has a sister named Rosamund.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Despite the family's financial situation, Robert's education was privileged and he was tutored from ages 7 to 13, before attending Eton and then Christ Church, Oxford, where he studied philosophy.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "List of Primeval characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters in the ITV science fiction television series \"Primeval\", including supporting characters.", "List of Primeval characters __knowledge__ The series originally features a cast of five main characters plus supporting cast who investigate time anomalies for the British government.", "List of Primeval characters __knowledge__ The series 1 cast is made up of Douglas Henshall as Professor Nick Cutter, James Murray as Stephen Hart, Andrew-Lee Potts as Connor Temple, Lucy Brown as Claudia Brown and Hannah Spearritt as Abby Maitland, with Juliet Aubrey as Helen Cutter, Ben Miller as James Lester and Mark Wakeling as Captain Tom Ryan.", "List of Primeval characters __knowledge__ In the final episode of Series 1, Captain Tom Ryan is killed off, and Claudia Brown disappears.", "Tom Bendelow __knowledge__ Tom Bendelow (1868–1936), nicknamed \"The Johnny Appleseed of American Golf\", was a prolific Scottish American golf course architect during the first half of the twentieth century.", "Tom Bendelow __knowledge__ He is credited with having designed some 600 courses in a 35-year span.", "Tom Bendelow __knowledge__ Born 2 September 1868, in Aberdeen, Scotland, Bendelow was one of nine children.", "Tom Bendelow __knowledge__ His parents owned a popular pie shop in the city, and were known for their religious piety.", "Tom Bendelow __knowledge__ His father taught him the game of golf; however he was trained as a typesetter.", "Tom Bendelow __knowledge__ There were no careers in golf course design in that era.", "Tom Bendelow __knowledge__ He courted Mary Ann Nicol, daughter of a prominent farmer." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Golf __knowledge__ Golf is a club and ball sport in which players use various clubs to hit balls into a series of holes on a course in as few strokes as possible.", "Golf __knowledge__ Golf, unlike most ball games, cannot and does not utilize a standardized playing area, and coping with the varied terrains encountered on different courses is a key part of the game.", "Golf __knowledge__ The game at the highest level is played on a course with an arranged progression of 18 holes, though recreational courses can be smaller, usually 9 holes.", "Golf __knowledge__ Each hole on the course must contain a tee box to start from, and a putting green containing the actual hole or cup (4.25 inches in diameter).", "Golf __knowledge__ There are other standard forms of terrain in between, such as the fairway, rough (long grass), sand traps (or \"bunkers\"), and various hazards (water, rocks, fescue) but each hole on a course is unique in its specific layout and arrangement.", "Golf __knowledge__ Golf is played for the lowest number of strokes by an individual, known as stroke play, or the lowest score on the most individual holes in a complete round by an individual or team, known as match play.", "Golf __knowledge__ Stroke play is the most commonly seen format at all levels, but most especially at the elite level.", "Golf __knowledge__ The modern game of golf originated in 15th century Scotland.", "Van Cortlandt Park __knowledge__ Van Cortlandt Park is a park located in the borough of the Bronx in New York City.", "Van Cortlandt Park __knowledge__ Owned by the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation, it is managed with assistance from the Van Cortlandt Park Conservancy and the Friends of Van Cortlandt Park.", "Van Cortlandt Park __knowledge__ The park, the city's third-largest, was named for the Van Cortlandt family, which was prominent in the area during the Dutch and English colonial periods.", "Van Cortlandt Park __knowledge__ Van Cortlandt Park's sports facilities include two golf courses and several miles of paths for running, as well as smaller facilities for swimming, baseball, soccer, tennis, horseback riding, cross-country running, and cricket.", "Three Rivers Park District __knowledge__ Three Rivers Park District is a special park district serving the suburban areas of the Twin Cities including suburban Hennepin, Carver, Dakota, Scott and Ramsey counties.", "Three Rivers Park District __knowledge__ Three Rivers's mission is \"To promote environmental stewardship through recreation and education in a natural resources-based park system.\"", "Three Rivers Park District __knowledge__ Three Rivers operates twenty parks and ten regional trails, with at least two more regional trails planned.", "Three Rivers Park District __knowledge__ Nearly seven million people visit Three Rivers facilities each year.", "Three Rivers Park District __knowledge__ A park system in Hennepin County outside of Minneapolis was proposed as early as 1901, but it was not until 1955 that the Minnesota Legislature passed the legislation that cleared the way to establish the park system in 1957.", "Superior Hiking Trail __knowledge__ The Superior Hiking Trail, also known as the SHT, is a 310-mile (499 km) long footpath in northeastern Minnesota that follows the ridgeline overlooking Lake Superior for most of its length.", "Superior Hiking Trail __knowledge__ The path is 18 inches (46 cm) wide and is set in the middle of a 4-foot (1.2 m) clearing.", "Superior Hiking Trail __knowledge__ The footpath travels through forests of birch, aspen, pine, fir, and cedar.", "Superior Hiking Trail __knowledge__ Hikers enjoy views of boreal forests, the Sawtooth Mountains, babbling brooks, rushing waterfalls, and abundant wildlife.", "Superior Hiking Trail __knowledge__ The lowest point in the path is 602 feet (183 m) above sea level and the highest point is 1,829 feet (558 m) above sea level.", "Langston Golf Course __knowledge__ Langston Golf Course is an 18-hole golf course in Washington, D.C., established in 1939.", "Langston Golf Course __knowledge__ It was named for John Mercer Langston, an African American who was the first dean of the Howard University School of Law, the first president of Virginia Normal and Collegiate Institute (now Virginia State University), and the first African American elected to the United States Congress from Virginia.", "Langston Golf Course __knowledge__ It was the second racially desegregated golf course in the District of Columbia, and in 1991 its first nine holes were added to the National Register of Historic Places.", "Langston Golf Course __knowledge__ The course's official address is 2600 Benning Road NE.", "List of Parks and Recreation characters __knowledge__ The primary characters of the American television comedy series \"Parks and Recreation\" are the employees of the parks department of Pawnee, a fictional Indiana town.", "List of Parks and Recreation characters __knowledge__ The protagonist is Leslie Knope (Amy Poehler), the deputy parks director as well as serving on city council, and the rest of the ensemble cast consists of her friends and co-workers, including nurse Ann Perkins (Rashida Jones), parks director Ron Swanson (Nick Offerman), and parks department employees Tom Haverford (Aziz Ansari), April Ludgate (Aubrey Plaza), Andy Dwyer (Chris Pratt), Jerry Gergich (Jim O'Heir), and Donna Meagle (Retta).", "Pelham Bay Park __knowledge__ Pelham Bay Park is a municipal park located in the northeast corner of the New York City borough of the Bronx.", "Pelham Bay Park __knowledge__ It is, at , the largest public park in New York City.", "Pelham Bay Park __knowledge__ The park is more than three times the size of Manhattan's Central Park.", "Pelham Bay Park __knowledge__ The park is operated by the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation (NYC Parks).", "Pelham Bay Park __knowledge__ Before its creation, the land comprising the current Pelham Bay Park was part of Anne Hutchinson's short-lived dissident colony.", "Pelham Bay Park __knowledge__ Part of New Netherland, it was destroyed in 1643 by a Siwanoy attack in reprisal for the unrelated massacres carried out under Willem Kieft's direction of the Dutch West India Company's New Amsterdam colony.", "Tower of Hanoi __knowledge__ The Tower of Hanoi (also called the Tower of Brahma or Lucas' Tower and sometimes pluralized) is a mathematical game or puzzle.", "Tower of Hanoi __knowledge__ It consists of three rods and a number of disks of different sizes, which can slide onto any rod.", "Tower of Hanoi __knowledge__ The puzzle starts with the disks in a neat stack in ascending order of size on one rod, the smallest at the top, thus making a conical shape.", "Tower of Hanoi __knowledge__ The objective of the puzzle is to move the entire stack to another rod, obeying the following simple rules: With 3 disks, the puzzle can be solved in 7 moves.", "Tower of Hanoi __knowledge__ The minimal number of moves required to solve a Tower of Hanoi puzzle is 2 − 1, where \"n\" is the number of disks.", "Timeline of golf history (1851–1945) __knowledge__ 1851 The Prestwick Golf Club is founded.", "Timeline of golf history (1851–1945) __knowledge__ 1856 Pau Golf Club is founded, the first on the Continent.", "Timeline of golf history (1851–1945) __knowledge__ A rule change is enacted that, in match play, the ball must be played as it lies or the hole be conceded.", "Timeline of golf history (1851–1945) __knowledge__ It is the last recorded toughening of the rules structure.", "Timeline of golf history (1851–1945) __knowledge__ 1857 \"The Golfer's Manual\", by \"A Keen Hand\" (H. B. Farnie), is published.", "Timeline of golf history (1851–1945) __knowledge__ It is the first book on golf instruction.", "Timeline of golf history (1851–1945) __knowledge__ The Prestwick Club institutes the first Championship Meeting, a foursomes competition at St. Andrews attended by eleven golf clubs.", "Timeline of golf history (1851–1945) __knowledge__ George Glennie and J.C. Stewart win for Blackheath.", "Timeline of golf history (1851–1945) __knowledge__ 1858 The Royal Curragh Golf Club is founded at Kildare, the oldest golf club in Ireland.", "Urban golf __knowledge__ Urban golf is a game, derived from the original game of golf, in which individual players or teams hit a ball into a hole or at a specified target using various clubs.", "Urban golf __knowledge__ Urban golf is currently becoming popular across the world in many varying formats.", "Urban golf __knowledge__ Its origin is ambiguous but is believed to be started in Scotland in 1741 outside The White Hart Inn in the Grassmarket area of Edinburgh by a Duncan Thomas.", "Urban golf __knowledge__ There are now many organizations across the world actuating this seemingly destructive pastime.", "Urban golf __knowledge__ Shoreditch Golf Club formed the first 18 hole, par 72 open tournament in London in 2004.", "Urban golf __knowledge__ Since 2004 Le 19ème Trou (The 19th Hole) From France organizes many events and was the first team to organize a national championship (The French City Pro tour).", "Golf course __knowledge__ A golf course is the grounds where the game of golf is played.", "Golf course __knowledge__ It comprises a series of holes, each consisting of a teeing ground, a fairway, the rough and other hazards, and a green with a flagstick (\"pin\") and hole (\"cup\").", "Golf course __knowledge__ A standard round of golf consists of 18 holes.", "Golf course __knowledge__ Most courses contain 18 holes; some share fairways or greens, and a subset has nine holes, played twice per round.", "Golf course __knowledge__ Par-3 courses consist of nine or 18 holes all of which have a par of three strokes.", "Golf course __knowledge__ Many older courses are links, often coastal.", "Golf course __knowledge__ Courses are private, public, and municipally owned, and typically feature a pro shop.", "Double Diamond International __knowledge__ The Double Diamond International was a team golf tournament that was played from 1971 to 1977.", "Double Diamond International __knowledge__ From 1974 and 1977 it was preceded by an individual 36 hole stroke play tournament that was included on the European Tour schedule, the 1977 event being called the Skol Lager Individual.", "Double Diamond International __knowledge__ England won in 1976 by being 2 holes up in the four matches played in the final against the Rest of the World.", "Double Diamond International __knowledge__ The tournament was played on 21, 22 and 23 October between the four home nations at South Staffs Golf Club with each team playing the other three.", "Double Diamond International __knowledge__ There were teams of 6 with 2 foursomes matches in the morning and 6 singles in the afternoon.", "The Big Break __knowledge__ The Big Break was a reality television program broadcast by the Golf Channel.", "The Big Break __knowledge__ The show's premise was to award an aspiring professional golfer exemptions into selected events or full-season exemptions on certain tours.", "The Big Break __knowledge__ The series debuted on October 6, 2003.", "The Big Break __knowledge__ Traditionally, the show airs at 9 p.m. Eastern time/6 p.m. Pacific time every Monday or Tuesday during its run.", "The Big Break __knowledge__ Tom Abbott replaced Vince Cellini as the male host at Big Break Sandals Resorts in the spring of 2010.", "The Big Break __knowledge__ Stephanie Sparks stayed on as female host.", "The Big Break __knowledge__ Sparks ended her run on the show when Michele Tafoya appeared as co-host for Big Break NFL in 2013.", "Timeline of golf history (1945–99) __knowledge__ 1945 Byron Nelson wins 18 tournaments in a calendar year to set an all-time PGA Tour record-including a record 11 in a row and a record 19 consecutive rounds under 70.", "Timeline of golf history (1945–99) __knowledge__ His total prize earnings during his 11-win streak, $30,000, is less than last place money for the PGA Tour Championship by 1992.", "Timeline of golf history (1945–99) __knowledge__ The Tam O'Shanter Open offers a then-record purse of $60,000.", "Timeline of golf history (1945–99) __knowledge__ 1946 Sam Snead travels to St Andrews to compete in the first post-war British Open, and is victorious, winning by four shots from Johnny Bulla and Bobby Locke.", "Timeline of golf history (1945–99) __knowledge__ Lloyd Mangrum wins the U.S. Open in a second playoff, after three players - Mangrum, Byron Nelson and Vic Ghezzi - all tie with 72 in the first playoff." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Golf __knowledge__ Golf is a club and ball sport in which players use various clubs to hit balls into a series of holes on a course in as few strokes as possible.", "Golf __knowledge__ Golf, unlike most ball games, cannot and does not utilize a standardized playing area, and coping with the varied terrains encountered on different courses is a key part of the game.", "Golf __knowledge__ The game at the highest level is played on a course with an arranged progression of 18 holes, though recreational courses can be smaller, usually 9 holes.", "Golf __knowledge__ Each hole on the course must contain a tee box to start from, and a putting green containing the actual hole or cup (4.25 inches in diameter).", "Golf __knowledge__ There are other standard forms of terrain in between, such as the fairway, rough (long grass), sand traps (or \"bunkers\"), and various hazards (water, rocks, fescue) but each hole on a course is unique in its specific layout and arrangement.", "Golf __knowledge__ Golf is played for the lowest number of strokes by an individual, known as stroke play, or the lowest score on the most individual holes in a complete round by an individual or team, known as match play.", "Golf __knowledge__ Stroke play is the most commonly seen format at all levels, but most especially at the elite level.", "Golf __knowledge__ The modern game of golf originated in 15th century Scotland.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters in the television series \"Mad Men\", all of whom have appeared in multiple episodes.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Donald \"Don\" Draper (né Dick Whitman; Jon Hamm) born 1926, is the creative director at Sterling Cooper Advertising Agency; he eventually rises to become a partner.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ He later becomes a founding partner at Sterling Cooper Draper Pryce.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Draper is the series' protagonist, and more storylines focus on him than on other characters.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Margaret \"Peggy\" Olson (Elisabeth Moss), upon introduction, is the ostensibly naïve \"new girl\" at Sterling Cooper.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ She was originally Draper's secretary, but showed surprising talent and initiative, including a knack—similar to Draper's—for understanding the consumer's mind.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the characters that have appeared on \"90210\", an American teen drama.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The series introduces Annie Wilson (Shenae Grimes) and her adopted brother Dixon (Tristan Wilds), who move from Kansas to Beverly Hills with their father Harry (Rob Estes) and mother Debbie (Lori Loughlin).", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The family relocated in order to care for Harry's mother Tabitha (Jessica Walter).", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The first actor to be cast for the TV series was Dustin Milligan on April 1, 2008, followed by AnnaLynne McCord on April 14.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ Sachs found Milligan to be \"really funny\", and changed Ethan to better represent his personality.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ McCord was cast because, according to Sachs, \"she's someone who is worldly, and there's a sophistication to her that's interesting.\"", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that first appeared in the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\" in 2017, by order of first appearance.", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ All characters are introduced by the show's executive producer Sean O'Connor or, from 27 November, his successor as executive consultant, John Yorke.", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ The first character to be introduced was Keegan Baker (Zack Morris), a friend of Shakil Kazemi (Shaheen Jafargholi), followed by Emerald Fox (Doña Croll), the mother of Denise Fox (Diane Parish) and Kim Fox-Hubbard (Tameka Empson).", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ Madison Drake (Seraphina Beh), Alexandra D'Costa (Sydney Craven) and Travis Law-Hughes (Alex James-Phelps), three new teenage characters, were also introduced in January as well as their school teacher Mr Gethin Pryce (Cerith Flinn) and Hugo Browning (Simon Williams), the chairman of Weyland & Co.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters for the British television and radio sketch show \"Little Britain\" (and its American spin-off, \"Little Britain USA\").", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played By: David Walliams Appearances: Season 3 Alan works for the Donkey Hospice in the town of Achingballs.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ After contributors give him some money, he blatantly places stickers on embarrassing body parts, such as the genital region or breasts and on someone's rear in a deleted scene.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ He makes one appearance in Series 3.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played by: David Walliams Episodes: Radio Show; Season 1, episodes 4 and 5 Catchphrase: \"I love you Anne\" and \"I need you Anne\" Peter Andre is a royal BBC correspondent who gets sacked after first making surreal and false claims about the Royal Family (such as Prince Charles having magical powers, describing The Queen as \"The Main One\" and mistaking Princess Eugenie for her mother, Sarah, Duchess of York) and then expressing his love for Princess Anne through song.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "List of EastEnders characters (2014) __knowledge__ The following are characters who first appeared, or returned, in the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\" during 2014 listed by order of first appearance.", "List of EastEnders characters (2014) __knowledge__ All new characters in 2014 were introduced by Dominic Treadwell-Collins, executive producer.", "List of EastEnders characters (2014) __knowledge__ Nancy Carter arrived in January with her fiancé, Wayne Ladlow, Stan Carter, Babe Smith and new market inspector, Aleks Shirovs.", "List of EastEnders characters (2014) __knowledge__ February saw Stacey Branning return with her daughter Lily and also her new boyfriend, Luke Riley, followed by Tosh Mackintosh.", "List of EastEnders characters (2014) __knowledge__ On 10 March, Charlie Cotton and on 4 April, Lee Carter.", "List of EastEnders characters (2014) __knowledge__ Donna Yates, a new market stallholder and Pam Coker, Les Coker's wife, both arrived on 14 April.", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ \"Desperate Housewives\" is an American comedy-drama series that aired on ABC (American Broadcasting Company).", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ It focuses on the residents living on the fictional Wisteria Lane as narrated by their deceased neighbor, Mary Alice Young (Brenda Strong).", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ Specifically, the series follows four protagonists and Mary Alice's friends, Susan Mayer (Teri Hatcher), Lynette Scavo (Felicity Huffman), Bree Van de Kamp (Marcia Cross), and Gabrielle Solis (Eva Longoria).", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ \"Desperate Housewives\" features an ensemble cast, which also includes the women's husbands, children, love interests, neighbors, and other acquaintances.", "Professional golf career of Tiger Woods __knowledge__ American professional golfer Tiger Woods has enjoyed one of the most successful golfing careers of all time.", "Professional golf career of Tiger Woods __knowledge__ After competing in amateur events since he was a toddler and representing Stanford University on a golf scholarship, Woods left college after two years to turn professional at the age of 20.", "Professional golf career of Tiger Woods __knowledge__ With the announcement \"Hello world,\" Tiger Woods became a professional golfer in August 1996 and signed endorsement deals worth $40 million from Nike, Inc. and $20 million from Titleist.", "Professional golf career of Tiger Woods __knowledge__ These endorsement contracts were the highest in golf history up to that point.", "Professional golf career of Tiger Woods __knowledge__ He played his first professional golf event at the Greater Milwaukee Open, tying for 60th place, recorded a hole-in-one, and would win two events in the next three months to qualify for the Tour Championship.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The Beach Boys are an American rock band formed in Hawthorne, California, in 1961.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The group's original lineup consisted of brothers Brian, Dennis, and Carl Wilson; their cousin Mike Love; and their friend Al Jardine.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ Distinguished by their vocal harmonies and early surf songs, they are one of the most influential acts of the rock era.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The band drew on the music of jazz-based vocal groups, 1950s rock and roll, and black R&B to create their unique sound, and with Brian as producer, composer, and de facto leader, they pioneered novel approaches to popular music form and production.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ He later arranged his compositions for studio orchestras and explored a variety of other styles, often incorporating classical or jazz elements and unconventional recording techniques in innovative ways.", "Rory McIlroy __knowledge__ Rory McIlroy, (born 4 May 1989) is a professional golfer from Northern Ireland who is a member of both the European and PGA Tours.", "Rory McIlroy __knowledge__ He was world number one in the Official World Golf Ranking for 95 weeks.", "Rory McIlroy __knowledge__ He is a four-time major champion, winning the 2011 U.S Open, (setting a tournament record score of −16), 2012 PGA Championship (with a tournament record margin of victory (8 strokes)), 2014 Open Championship, and 2014 PGA Championship.", "Rory McIlroy __knowledge__ Along with Jack Nicklaus, Tiger Woods and Jordan Spieth he is one of four players to win three majors by the age of 25.", "Rory McIlroy __knowledge__ He had a successful amateur career, topping the World Amateur Golf Ranking for one week as a 17-year-old in 2007.", "Jack Nicklaus __knowledge__ Jack William Nicklaus (born January 21, 1940), nicknamed The Golden Bear, is a retired American professional golfer.", "Jack Nicklaus __knowledge__ He is widely regarded as the greatest golfer of all time, winning a record 18 career major championships, while producing 19 second-place and 9 third-place finishes, over a span of 25 years.", "Jack Nicklaus __knowledge__ Nicklaus focused on the major championships—Masters Tournament, U.S. Open, Open Championship and PGA Championship—and played a selective schedule of regular PGA Tour events, yet still finished with 73 victories, third on the all-time list behind Sam Snead (82) and Woods (79).", "Jack Nicklaus __knowledge__ Nicklaus won the U.S.", "History of golf __knowledge__ The origins of golf are unclear and much debated.", "History of golf __knowledge__ However, it is generally accepted that modern golf developed in Scotland from the Middle Ages onwards.", "History of golf __knowledge__ The game did not find international popularity until the late 19th century, when it spread into the rest of the United Kingdom and then to the British Empire and the United States.", "History of golf __knowledge__ A golf-like game is, apocryphally, recorded as taking place on 26 February 1297, in Loenen aan de Vecht, where the Dutch played a game with a stick and leather ball.", "History of golf __knowledge__ The winner was whoever hit the ball with the least number of strokes into a target several hundred yards away.", "Big Break Ireland __knowledge__ Big Break Ireland was the 16th edition of the Golf Channel reality show, The Big Break.", "Big Break Ireland __knowledge__ It was contested in the K Club in Straffan, County Kildare, Ireland.", "Big Break Ireland __knowledge__ It premiered on September 20, 2011.", "Big Break Ireland __knowledge__ The eventual winner of the show was Mark Murphy, who won $50,000 and two exemptions to European Tour events, the Trophée Hassan II and the Irish Open.", "Big Break Ireland __knowledge__ The show was hosted by Golf Channel's Tom Abbott and Stephanie Sparks.", "Big Break Ireland __knowledge__ The 12 contestants were divided into two teams, Straffan and Liffey, with 3 men and 3 women on each team.", "Big Break Ireland __knowledge__ The contestants live in two houses adjacent to each other.", "Big Break Ireland __knowledge__ Every day, each team must select one captain, and the teams would compete in a series of skills challenges, and by the end of the day, the team with the most points earns immunity and the team members are safe from elimination." ] ]

[ 2, 3, 6, 5 ]

[ "I enjoy golfing in my spare time. I like it because the course changes and it doesn't stay the same.", "I have heard of that! I usually can't play 18 holes of golf, so I'm glad they have some that are only 9 holes long!", "That sounds like fun! I'm not really good at golf, and to win you have to have the lowest number of strokes, which is usually not me!", "Yeah same here! I don't like the terrain with sand traps, but I think water has to be the worst!" ]

[ "Golf", "Golf", "Golf", "Golf" ]

[ "German Shepherd\nI own four German Shepherds. Do you have any dogs?", "Yes, they're very smart. They often use them as police dogs.", "Are they actually good at being a shepherd? Like their name suggests?", "Okay interesting! I usually think of Boarder Collies when I think of dogs that herd animals. ", "I didn't know they were so new. Do they actually come from Germany?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd (, ) is a breed of medium to large-sized working dog that originated in Germany.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed's officially recognized name is German Shepherd Dog in the English language (sometimes abbreviated as \"GSD\").", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed was once known as the Alsatian in Britain and Ireland.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd is a relatively new breed of dog, with their origin dating to 1899.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ As part of the Herding Group, German Shepherds are working dogs developed originally for herding sheep.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ Since that time however, because of their strength, intelligence, trainability, and obedience, German Shepherds around the world are often the preferred breed for many types of work, including disability assistance, search-and-rescue, police and military roles, and even acting.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd is the second-most registered breed by the American Kennel Club and seventh-most registered breed by The Kennel Club in the United Kingdom.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ German Shepherds are medium to large-sized dogs.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed standard height at the withers is for males, and for females.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ German Shepherds are longer than tall, with an ideal proportion of 10 to 8 1/2.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The AKC official breed standard does not set a standard weight range.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ They have a domed forehead, a long square-cut muzzle with strong jaws and a black nose.", "Taiwan Dog __knowledge__ The Taiwan Dog () is a breed or landrace of small or medium dog indigenous to Taiwan.", "Taiwan Dog __knowledge__ These dogs are also known as Taiwanese Canis, Taiwanese Native Dog () or Takasago Dog ().", "Taiwan Dog __knowledge__ They are well-adapted to the uneven and thickly forested terrain of Taiwan, having become a semi-wild breed prior to the arrival of several colonial reigns and foreign powers.", "Taiwan Dog __knowledge__ Notwithstanding these adaptations, Formosans retained the potential to be trained, and are now used as hunting dogs, guard dogs, stunt dogs, rescue dogs, or simply as companions.", "Taiwan Dog __knowledge__ Formosans are classified into one medium type and two small types.", "Taiwan Dog __knowledge__ However, now the pureblood Formosan Mountain Dog is edging closer to extinction, due to limited conservation efforts of the Taiwanese and their government.", "Police dog __knowledge__ A police dog, known in some English-speaking countries as a \"K-9\" or \"K9\" (a homophone of \"canine\"), is a dog that is specifically trained to assist police and other law-enforcement personnel.", "Police dog __knowledge__ Their duties include: searching for drugs and explosives, locating missing people, finding crime scene evidence, and protecting their handlers.", "Police dog __knowledge__ Police dogs must remember several verbal cues and hand gestures.", "Police dog __knowledge__ The most commonly used breeds are the German Shepherd, Belgian Malinois and Rottweiler.", "Police dog __knowledge__ In many common law jurisdictions, the intentional injuring or killing of a police dog is a felony.", "Police dog __knowledge__ Dogs have been used in law enforcement since the Middle Ages.", "Service dog __knowledge__ A service dog is a type of assistance dog specifically trained to help people who have disabilities, such as visual impairment, hearing impairments, mental illnesses (such as post traumatic stress disorder), seizure disorder, mobility impairment, and diabetes.", "Service dog __knowledge__ Desirable character traits in service animals typically include good temperament or psychological make-up (including biddability and trainability) and good health (including physical structure and stamina).", "Service dog __knowledge__ Some service dogs are bred and trained by service dog organizations, while others are bred by breeders, and trained by private trainers or even the individuals with disabilities who will someday become their partners.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ The Labrador Retriever, or just Labrador, is a type of retriever-gun dog.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ The Labrador is one of the most popular breeds of dog in Canada, the United Kingdom and the United States.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ A favourite disability assistance breed in many countries, Labradors are frequently trained to aid the blind, those who have autism, to act as a therapy dog, or to perform screening and detection work for law enforcement and other official agencies.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ Additionally, they are prized as sporting and hunting dogs.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ A few kennels breeding their ancestors, the St. John's water dog, were in England.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ At the same time, a combination of the sheep protection policy in Newfoundland and rabies quarantine in the United Kingdom, led to the gradual demise of the St. John's water dog in Canada.", "Wolfdog __knowledge__ A wolfdog (also called a wolf–dog hybrid or wolf hybrid) is a canid hybrid resulting from the hybridization of a domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\") to one of four other \"Canis\" sub-species, the gray (\"Canis lupus\"), eastern timber (\"Canis lycaon\"), red (\"Canis rufus\"), and Ethiopian wolves (\"Canis simensis\").", "Wolfdog __knowledge__ Intra-hybridization between dogs and other subspecies of gray wolves are the most common wolfdogs since dogs and gray wolves are considered the same species, are genetically very close, and have shared vast portions of their ranges for millennia.", "Wolfdog __knowledge__ Such hybridization in the wild have been detected in many populations scattered throughout Europe and North America, usually occurring in areas where wolf populations have declined from human impacts and persecutions.", "East-European Shepherd __knowledge__ The East European Shepherd (VEO) (in Russian: Восточно-европейская овчарка (ВЕО)) —is a breed of dog that was developed in the 1930-1950s based on German Shepherd Dogs to create a larger cold-resistant breed for military use, police work and border guard duties in the Soviet Union.", "East-European Shepherd __knowledge__ VEOs are also used as guide dogs for the blind and there are VEO therapy dogs.", "East-European Shepherd __knowledge__ This breed is popular in Russia where it entered a public culture and acquired a legendary status as an extremely smart and loyal dog devoted to their owners.", "East-European Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed is well known in other ex-Soviet Union republics.", "East-European Shepherd __knowledge__ In the West, the East-European Shepherd is a rare breed that is not well known: information about the breed on online sources, in English, is limited and often incorrect or distorted." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd (, ) is a breed of medium to large-sized working dog that originated in Germany.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed's officially recognized name is German Shepherd Dog in the English language (sometimes abbreviated as \"GSD\").", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed was once known as the Alsatian in Britain and Ireland.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd is a relatively new breed of dog, with their origin dating to 1899.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ As part of the Herding Group, German Shepherds are working dogs developed originally for herding sheep.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ Since that time however, because of their strength, intelligence, trainability, and obedience, German Shepherds around the world are often the preferred breed for many types of work, including disability assistance, search-and-rescue, police and military roles, and even acting.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd is the second-most registered breed by the American Kennel Club and seventh-most registered breed by The Kennel Club in the United Kingdom.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ German Shepherds are medium to large-sized dogs.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed standard height at the withers is for males, and for females.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ German Shepherds are longer than tall, with an ideal proportion of 10 to 8 1/2.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The AKC official breed standard does not set a standard weight range.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ They have a domed forehead, a long square-cut muzzle with strong jaws and a black nose.", "Police dog __knowledge__ A police dog, known in some English-speaking countries as a \"K-9\" or \"K9\" (a homophone of \"canine\"), is a dog that is specifically trained to assist police and other law-enforcement personnel.", "Police dog __knowledge__ Their duties include: searching for drugs and explosives, locating missing people, finding crime scene evidence, and protecting their handlers.", "Police dog __knowledge__ Police dogs must remember several verbal cues and hand gestures.", "Police dog __knowledge__ The most commonly used breeds are the German Shepherd, Belgian Malinois and Rottweiler.", "Police dog __knowledge__ In many common law jurisdictions, the intentional injuring or killing of a police dog is a felony.", "Police dog __knowledge__ Dogs have been used in law enforcement since the Middle Ages.", "Dogs in warfare __knowledge__ Dogs in warfare have a long history starting in ancient times.", "Dogs in warfare __knowledge__ From war dogs trained in combat to their use as scouts, sentries and trackers, their uses have been varied and some continue to exist in modern military usage.", "Dogs in warfare __knowledge__ War dogs were used by the Egyptians, Greeks, Persians, Sarmatians, Baganda, Alans, Slavs, Britons, and the Romans.", "Dogs in warfare __knowledge__ The Molossus dog of the Molossia region of Epirus was the strongest known to the Romans, and was specifically trained for battle.", "Dogs in warfare __knowledge__ Among the Greeks and Romans, dogs served most often as sentries or patrols, though they were sometimes taken into battle.", "Dogs in warfare __knowledge__ The earliest use of war dogs in a battle recorded in classical sources was by Alyattes of Lydia against the Cimmerians around 600 BC.", "Shock collar __knowledge__ The term shock collar is a term used in order to describe a family of training collars (also called e-collars, Ecollars, remote training collars, Zap collars, or electronic collars) that deliver electrical shocks of varying intensity and duration to the neck of a dog (they can also be applied to other places on the dog's body, to achieve various training effects) via a radio-controlled electronic device incorporated into a dog collar.", "Shock collar __knowledge__ Some collar models also include a tone or vibrational setting, as an alternative to or in conjunction with the shock.", "Shock collar __knowledge__ Others include integration with Internet mapping capabilities and GPS to locate the dog or alert an owner of his/her whereabouts.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ Dog behavior is the internally coordinated responses of individuals or groups of domestic dogs to internal and external stimuli.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ It has been shaped by millennia of contact with humans and their lifestyles.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ As a result of this physical and social evolution, dogs, more than any other species, have acquired the ability to understand and communicate with humans and they are uniquely attuned to their behaviors.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ Behavioral scientists have uncovered a wide range of social-cognitive abilities in the domestic dog The origin of the domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is not clear.", "John J. Ensminger __knowledge__ John J. Ensminger is an American attorney and a national consultant on legal issues involving skilled dogs and their handlers.", "John J. Ensminger __knowledge__ He is author of the books: \"Service and Therapy Dogs in American Society: Science, Law and the Evolution of Canine Caregivers\", and \"Police and Military Dogs: Criminal Detection, Forensic Evidence, and Judicial Admissibility\".", "John J. Ensminger __knowledge__ He is editor of \"The Complete Book of Dogs\", editor of and contributor to \"Canine Olfaction Science and Law: Advances in Forensic Science, Medicine, Conservation, and Environmental Remediation\", editor of \"Money Laundering, Terrorism and Financial Institutions\", a treatise which he updates monthly with a newsletter as an information service to attorneys covering laws, regulations and compliance issues surrounding the USA PATRIOT Act, a contributor to GPSolo Magazine, and \"Tax Notes\" as well as a contributing editor on canine legal issues which may be found on the website of the Animal Legal and Historical Center of Michigan State University.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Pit bull is the common name for a type of dog.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Formal breeds often considered in North America to be of the pit bull type include the American Pit Bull Terrier, American Staffordshire Terrier, American Bully, and Staffordshire Bull Terrier.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ The American Bulldog is also sometimes included.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Many of these breeds were originally developed as fighting dogs from cross breeding bull-baiting dogs (used to hold the faces and heads of larger animals such as bulls) and terriers.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ After the use of dogs in blood sports was banned, such dogs were used as catch dogs in the United States for semi-wild cattle and hogs, to hunt and drive livestock, and as family companions.", "Dog training __knowledge__ Dog training is the application of behavior analysis which uses the environmental events of antecedents and consequences to modify the behavior of a dog, either for it to assist in specific activities or undertake particular tasks, or for it to participate effectively in contemporary domestic life.", "Dog training __knowledge__ While training dogs for specific roles dates back to Roman times at least, the training of dogs to be compatible household pets developed with suburbanization in the 1950s.", "Dog training __knowledge__ A dog learns from interactions it has with its environment.", "Dog training __knowledge__ This can be through classical conditioning, where it forms an association between two stimuli; non-associative learning, where its behavior is modified through habituation or sensitisation; and operant conditioning, where it forms an association between an antecedent and its consequence.", "Dog anatomy __knowledge__ Dog anatomy comprises the anatomical studies of the visible parts of the body of a canine.", "Dog anatomy __knowledge__ Details of structures vary tremendously from breed to breed, more than in any other animal species, wild or domesticated, as dogs are highly variable in height and weight.", "Dog anatomy __knowledge__ The smallest known adult dog was a Yorkshire Terrier that stood only at the shoulder, in length along the head and body, and weighed only .", "Dog anatomy __knowledge__ The largest known adult dog was an English Mastiff which weighed and was from the snout to the tail.", "Dog anatomy __knowledge__ The tallest known adult dog is a Great Dane that stands at the shoulder.", "Dog anatomy __knowledge__ Source: The following is a list of the muscles in the dog along with their origin, insertion, action and innervation.", "Bernese Mountain Dog __knowledge__ The Bernese Mountain Dog () is a large-sized breed of dog, one of the four breeds of Sennenhund-type dogs from the Swiss Alps.", "Bernese Mountain Dog __knowledge__ The name \"Sennenhund\" is derived from the German \"Senne\" (\"alpine pasture\") and \"Hund\" (\"dog\"), as they accompanied the alpine herders and dairymen called \"Senn\".", "Bernese Mountain Dog __knowledge__ \"Berner\" (or \"Bernese\" in English) refers to the area of the breed’s origin, in the canton of Bern.", "Bernese Mountain Dog __knowledge__ This mountain dog was originally kept as a general farm dog.", "Bernese Mountain Dog __knowledge__ Large Sennenhunde in the past were also used as draft animals, pulling carts.", "Bernese Mountain Dog __knowledge__ The breed was officially established in 1907.", "Bernese Mountain Dog __knowledge__ In 1937, the American Kennel Club recognized it; today, the club classifies it as a member of the Working Group.", "St. Bernard (dog) __knowledge__ The St. Bernard or St Bernard ( or ) is a breed of very large working dog from the western Alps in Switzerland, France and Italy.", "St. Bernard (dog) __knowledge__ They were originally bred at the Great and Little St Bernard Pass for rescue.", "St. Bernard (dog) __knowledge__ The breed has become famous through tales of alpine rescues, as well as for its enormous size.", "St. Bernard (dog) __knowledge__ The St. Bernard is a giant dog.", "St. Bernard (dog) __knowledge__ The average weight of the breed is between or more, and the approximate height at the withers is .", "St. Bernard (dog) __knowledge__ The coat can be either smooth or rough; the smooth coat being close and flat while the rough is dense, flat, and more profuse around the neck and legs.", "St. Bernard (dog) __knowledge__ The colour is typically a red shade with white, or a mahogany brindle with white.", "Dog coat genetics __knowledge__ Modern breeds of dog exhibit a diverse range of coat colorings, patterns, lengths and textures.", "Dog coat genetics __knowledge__ In recent years, the understanding of the genetic basis for coat coloring and patterning and coat length and texturing has increased significantly.", "Dog coat genetics __knowledge__ Genes occur in pairs, and for each gene a dog will either be:Homozygous, that is, Inherited the same gene from each parent, and therefore likely to express that trait; or Heterozygous, that is, Inherited a different variant from each parent, and would require understanding of the individual gene to know how the dog will look.", "Dog coat genetics __knowledge__ Coat colour in dogs consists of specific patterns of: There are currently eight known genes within the canine genome that are associated with coat color.", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Evolution of the wolf __knowledge__ The evolution of the wolf occurred over a geologic time scale of 800 thousand years, transforming the first Middle Pleistocene wolf specimen that is recognized as being morphologically similar to \"Canis lupus\" into today's dog, dingo and gray wolf.", "Evolution of the wolf __knowledge__ Ecological factors including habitat type, climate, prey specialization and predatory competition has greatly influenced the wolf's genetic population structure and cranio-dental plasticity.", "Evolution of the wolf __knowledge__ Wolves went through a population bottleneck 20,000 years before present (YBP), which indicates that many wolf populations had gone extinct at a time that coincided with the Last Glacial Maximum and the expansion of modern humans worldwide with their technology for capturing large game.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The origin of the domestic dog is not clear.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog is a member of the genus \"Canis\", which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The closest living relative of the dog is the extant gray wolf and there is no evidence of any other canine contributing to its genetic lineage.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The archaeological record shows the first undisputed dog remains buried beside humans 14,700 years ago, with disputed remains occurring 36,000 years ago." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd (, ) is a breed of medium to large-sized working dog that originated in Germany.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed's officially recognized name is German Shepherd Dog in the English language (sometimes abbreviated as \"GSD\").", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed was once known as the Alsatian in Britain and Ireland.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd is a relatively new breed of dog, with their origin dating to 1899.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ As part of the Herding Group, German Shepherds are working dogs developed originally for herding sheep.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ Since that time however, because of their strength, intelligence, trainability, and obedience, German Shepherds around the world are often the preferred breed for many types of work, including disability assistance, search-and-rescue, police and military roles, and even acting.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd is the second-most registered breed by the American Kennel Club and seventh-most registered breed by The Kennel Club in the United Kingdom.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ German Shepherds are medium to large-sized dogs.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed standard height at the withers is for males, and for females.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ German Shepherds are longer than tall, with an ideal proportion of 10 to 8 1/2.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The AKC official breed standard does not set a standard weight range.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ They have a domed forehead, a long square-cut muzzle with strong jaws and a black nose.", "Finstown __knowledge__ Finstown in the parish of Firth on Mainland, Orkney, Scotland is the third-largest settlement on the island.", "Finstown __knowledge__ According to travel author Eric Linklater, the homes in Finstown are tidy and well cared for.", "Finstown __knowledge__ This settlement is situated along the Bay of Firth, whose fringe is a shallow intertidal mudflat.", "Finstown __knowledge__ Finstown is situated at the junction of the A965 and the A966.", "Finstown __knowledge__ Prehistoric finds have been made in the form of ancient cists, somewhat west of the primary school.", "Finstown __knowledge__ Further east towards Kirkwall is the Rennibister Earth House, estimated to be 3000 years old.", "Finstown __knowledge__ Formerly called \"Toon o' Firth\", the origin of the Finstown name is thought to come from an Irishman named David Phin who came to the area in 1811.", "Sea Shepherd Conservation Society operations __knowledge__ The Sea Shepherd Conservation Society engages in various demonstrations, campaigns, and tactical operations at sea and elsewhere, including conventional protests and direct actions to protect marine wildlife.", "Sea Shepherd Conservation Society operations __knowledge__ Sea Shepherd operations have included interdiction against commercial fishing, shark poaching and finning, seal hunting and whaling.", "Sea Shepherd Conservation Society operations __knowledge__ Many of their activities have been called piracy or terrorism by their targets and by the ICRW.", "Sea Shepherd Conservation Society operations __knowledge__ Sea Shepherd says that they have taken more than 4,000 volunteers on operations over a period of 30 years.", "Sea Shepherd Conservation Society operations __knowledge__ Sea Shepherd engaged in a multi-year campaign against driftnetting practices, which it calls a way of strip mining the ocean's wildlife.", "Morgan Shepherd __knowledge__ Morgan Shepherd (born October 12, 1941) is an American professional stock car racing driver and team owner.", "Morgan Shepherd __knowledge__ He competes part-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, driving the No.", "Morgan Shepherd __knowledge__ 89 Chevrolet Camaro for Shepherd Racing Ventures.", "Morgan Shepherd __knowledge__ He is a born again Christian who serves as a lay minister to the racing community.", "Morgan Shepherd __knowledge__ He has been competing in NASCAR for 50 years.", "Morgan Shepherd __knowledge__ Shepherd became the second-oldest race winner (after Harry Gant) in 1993, when he won the spring race at Atlanta at the age of 51 years, 4 months, and 27 days.", "Morgan Shepherd __knowledge__ Shepherd became the oldest driver to lead a Nationwide Series race at the age of 70 when he led 3 laps in the 2012 Virginia 529 College Savings 250 at Richmond International Raceway.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ Grey's Anatomy is an American medical drama television series that premiered on March 27, 2005, on American Broadcasting Company (ABC) as a mid-season replacement.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The fictional series focuses on the lives of surgical interns, residents, and attending physicians, as they develop into seasoned doctors while trying to maintain personal lives and relationships.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The title is a play on \"Gray's Anatomy\", a classic human anatomy textbook first published in 1858 in London and written by Henry Gray.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ Shonda Rhimes developed the pilot and continues to write for the series; she is also one of the executive producers, along with Betsy Beers, Mark Gordon, Krista Vernoff, Rob Corn, Mark Wilding, and Allan Heinberg.", "Sea Shepherd Conservation Society __knowledge__ The Sea Shepherd Conservation Society (SSCS) is a non-profit, marine conservation organization based in Friday Harbor on San Juan Island, Washington, in the United States.", "Sea Shepherd Conservation Society __knowledge__ Sea Shepherd uses direct action tactics and information campaigns to protect marine life and inform the public of their plight.", "Sea Shepherd Conservation Society __knowledge__ The organization was founded in 1977 under the name Earth Force Society by Paul Watson, a former member of Greenpeace.", "Sea Shepherd Conservation Society __knowledge__ In 2008, Animal Planet began filming the weekly series \"Whale Wars\" based on the group's encounters with the Japanese whaling fleet in the Southern Ocean, which raised public awareness of the issue of illegal whaling and of the organization itself.", "List of Silent Hill series characters __knowledge__ The survival horror video games series Silent Hill features a large cast of characters.", "List of Silent Hill series characters __knowledge__ The games' player characters are \"everymen\", in contrast to action-oriented survival horror video game series featuring combat-trained player characters, such as \"Resident Evil\".", "List of Silent Hill series characters __knowledge__ The games are set in the series' eponymous fictional American town.", "List of Silent Hill series characters __knowledge__ Characters went through several different conceptual phases prior to settling on their final designs seen in the games they first appeared in.", "List of Silent Hill series characters __knowledge__ The physical appearances of characters in \"Silent Hill 3\" were created using actors as models.", "List of Silent Hill series characters __knowledge__ The characters of \"Silent Hill\" and \"Silent Hill 2\" were designed by character designer Takayoshi Sato.", "Michael Moon (EastEnders) __knowledge__ Michael Moon is a fictional character from the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\", played by Steve John Shepherd.", "Michael Moon (EastEnders) __knowledge__ The character is a second cousin once removed of Alfie Moon (Shane Richie), and first appears on 1 October 2010 after Alfie's return.", "Michael Moon (EastEnders) __knowledge__ He is also the father to Tommy Moon, whose mother is Alfie's wife Kat Moon (Jessie Wallace).", "Michael Moon (EastEnders) __knowledge__ Michael is later joined by his father Eddie Moon (David Essex) and half brothers Tyler (Tony Discipline) and Anthony (Matt Lapinskas).", "Michael Moon (EastEnders) __knowledge__ A psychopath, Michael is described as a competitive and manipulative risk-taker who lives dangerously.", "Michael Moon (EastEnders) __knowledge__ He is a charmer with an eye for the ladies, but is willing to stab anyone in the back.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ The Australian Cattle Dog (ACD), or simply Cattle Dog, is a breed of herding dog originally developed in Australia for droving cattle over long distances across rough terrain.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ This breed is a medium-sized, short-coated dog that occurs in two main colour forms.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ It has either brown or black hair distributed fairly evenly through a white coat, which gives the appearance of a \"red\" or \"blue\" dog.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ As with dogs from other working breeds, the Australian Cattle Dog is energetic and intelligent with an independent streak.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ It responds well to structured training, particularly if it is interesting and challenging.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ The Border Collie is a working and herding dog breed developed in the Anglo-Scottish border region for herding livestock, especially sheep.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ It was specifically bred for intelligence and obedience.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ Considered highly intelligent, extremely energetic, acrobatic and athletic, they frequently compete with great success in sheepdog trials and dog sports.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ They are often cited as the most intelligent of all domestic dogs.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ Border Collies continue to be employed in their traditional work of herding livestock throughout the world.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ In general, Border Collies are medium-sized dogs with a moderate amount of coat, which is most often thick and sheds often.", "Dogs in warfare __knowledge__ Dogs in warfare have a long history starting in ancient times.", "Dogs in warfare __knowledge__ From war dogs trained in combat to their use as scouts, sentries and trackers, their uses have been varied and some continue to exist in modern military usage.", "Dogs in warfare __knowledge__ War dogs were used by the Egyptians, Greeks, Persians, Sarmatians, Baganda, Alans, Slavs, Britons, and the Romans.", "Dogs in warfare __knowledge__ The Molossus dog of the Molossia region of Epirus was the strongest known to the Romans, and was specifically trained for battle.", "Dogs in warfare __knowledge__ Among the Greeks and Romans, dogs served most often as sentries or patrols, though they were sometimes taken into battle.", "Dogs in warfare __knowledge__ The earliest use of war dogs in a battle recorded in classical sources was by Alyattes of Lydia against the Cimmerians around 600 BC.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ The Labrador Retriever, or just Labrador, is a type of retriever-gun dog.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ The Labrador is one of the most popular breeds of dog in Canada, the United Kingdom and the United States.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ A favourite disability assistance breed in many countries, Labradors are frequently trained to aid the blind, those who have autism, to act as a therapy dog, or to perform screening and detection work for law enforcement and other official agencies.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ Additionally, they are prized as sporting and hunting dogs.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ A few kennels breeding their ancestors, the St. John's water dog, were in England.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ At the same time, a combination of the sheep protection policy in Newfoundland and rabies quarantine in the United Kingdom, led to the gradual demise of the St. John's water dog in Canada.", "Docking (dog) __knowledge__ Docking is the removal of portions of an animal's tail.", "Docking (dog) __knowledge__ While docking and bobbing are more commonly used to refer to removal of the tail, the term cropping is used in reference to the ears.", "Docking (dog) __knowledge__ Tail docking occurs in one of two ways.", "Docking (dog) __knowledge__ The first involves constricting the blood supply to the tail with a rubber ligature for a few days until the tail falls off.", "Docking (dog) __knowledge__ The second involves the severance of the tail with surgical scissors or a scalpel.", "Docking (dog) __knowledge__ The length to which tails are docked varies by breed, and is often specified in the breed standard.", "Docking (dog) __knowledge__ At least 170 dog breeds have naturally occurring bobtail lines.", "Wolfdog __knowledge__ A wolfdog (also called a wolf–dog hybrid or wolf hybrid) is a canid hybrid resulting from the hybridization of a domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\") to one of four other \"Canis\" sub-species, the gray (\"Canis lupus\"), eastern timber (\"Canis lycaon\"), red (\"Canis rufus\"), and Ethiopian wolves (\"Canis simensis\").", "Wolfdog __knowledge__ Intra-hybridization between dogs and other subspecies of gray wolves are the most common wolfdogs since dogs and gray wolves are considered the same species, are genetically very close, and have shared vast portions of their ranges for millennia.", "Wolfdog __knowledge__ Such hybridization in the wild have been detected in many populations scattered throughout Europe and North America, usually occurring in areas where wolf populations have declined from human impacts and persecutions." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd (, ) is a breed of medium to large-sized working dog that originated in Germany.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed's officially recognized name is German Shepherd Dog in the English language (sometimes abbreviated as \"GSD\").", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed was once known as the Alsatian in Britain and Ireland.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd is a relatively new breed of dog, with their origin dating to 1899.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ As part of the Herding Group, German Shepherds are working dogs developed originally for herding sheep.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ Since that time however, because of their strength, intelligence, trainability, and obedience, German Shepherds around the world are often the preferred breed for many types of work, including disability assistance, search-and-rescue, police and military roles, and even acting.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd is the second-most registered breed by the American Kennel Club and seventh-most registered breed by The Kennel Club in the United Kingdom.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ German Shepherds are medium to large-sized dogs.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed standard height at the withers is for males, and for females.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ German Shepherds are longer than tall, with an ideal proportion of 10 to 8 1/2.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The AKC official breed standard does not set a standard weight range.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ They have a domed forehead, a long square-cut muzzle with strong jaws and a black nose.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ The Border Collie is a working and herding dog breed developed in the Anglo-Scottish border region for herding livestock, especially sheep.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ It was specifically bred for intelligence and obedience.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ Considered highly intelligent, extremely energetic, acrobatic and athletic, they frequently compete with great success in sheepdog trials and dog sports.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ They are often cited as the most intelligent of all domestic dogs.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ Border Collies continue to be employed in their traditional work of herding livestock throughout the world.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ In general, Border Collies are medium-sized dogs with a moderate amount of coat, which is most often thick and sheds often.", "Rough Collie __knowledge__ The Rough Collie (also known as the Long-Haired Collie) is a long-coated breed of medium to large size dog that in its original form was a type of collie used and bred for herding in Scotland.", "Rough Collie __knowledge__ Originating in the 1800s, it is now well known through the works of author Albert Payson Terhune, and through the \"Lassie\" novel, movies, and television shows.", "Rough Collie __knowledge__ There is also a smooth-coated variety; some breed organisations, including both the American and the Canadian Kennel Clubs, consider the smooth-coat and rough-coat dogs to be variations of the same breed.", "Rough Collie __knowledge__ Rough Collies generally come in shades of sable, merles, and tri-coloured.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ This is a list of creatures in the fictional \"Star Wars\" universe.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ To be listed here, creatures must be noted in multiple canonical sources.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ An Acklay is a large non-Sentient creature resembling an Earth's praying mantis.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ It is a Crustacean.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ It is equipped with three eyes and six legs with four digits each, the fourth of which terminates in an elongated scythe-like claw and a crest to protect it from air attack.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ As a carnivore, it possesses a mouth full of long, sharp teeth that it uses for catching fish.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ It originated on Vendaxa, but has since adapted to other environments such as Felucia and Geonosis.", "Scotch Collie __knowledge__ The Scotch Collie is a landrace breed of dog which originated from the highland regions of Scotland.", "Scotch Collie __knowledge__ The breed consisted of both the long-haired (now known as Rough) Collie and the short-haired (now known as Smooth) Collie.", "Scotch Collie __knowledge__ It is generally believed to have descended from a variety of ancient herding dogs, some dating back to the Roman occupation, which may have included Roman Cattle Dogs, Native Celtic Dogs and Viking Herding Spitzes.", "Scotch Collie __knowledge__ Other ancestors include the Gordon and Irish Setters.", "Scotch Collie __knowledge__ In Scotland, this dog was referred to as \"cooley\", \"coaly\" and \"colley\" dogs.", "Scotch Collie __knowledge__ The name \"Collie\" is thought to come from the Old English word for \"black\" or \"coal\" (coll) and may have referred to a type of sheep (Coaley) which they were once used to herd.", "Bearded Collie __knowledge__ The Bearded Collie, or Beardie, is a herding breed of dog once used primarily by Scottish shepherds, but now mostly a popular family companion.", "Bearded Collie __knowledge__ Bearded Collies have an average weight of .", "Bearded Collie __knowledge__ Males are around tall at the withers while females are around tall.", "Bearded Collie __knowledge__ The Bearded Collie's history is a combination of fact and legend.", "Bearded Collie __knowledge__ Kazimierz Grabski, a Polish merchant, reportedly traded a shipment of grain for sheep in Scotland in 1514 and brought six Polish Lowland Sheepdogs to move them.", "Bearded Collie __knowledge__ A Scottish shepherd was so impressed with the herding ability of the dogs that he traded several sheep for several dogs.", "Shetland Sheepdog __knowledge__ The Shetland Sheepdog, also known as the Sheltie, is a breed of herding dog that originated in the Shetland Islands.", "Shetland Sheepdog __knowledge__ The original name of this breed was Shetland Collie, but when this caused controversy among the Rough Collie breeders of the time, the breed's name was formally changed to \"Shetland Sheepdog\".", "Shetland Sheepdog __knowledge__ This hard-working small dog is intelligent, vocal, excitable, and willing to please.", "Shetland Sheepdog __knowledge__ The breed was formally recognized by The Kennel Club in 1909.", "Shetland Sheepdog __knowledge__ Like the Shetland pony and the Shetland sheep, the Shetland Sheepdog is a hardy but diminutive breed, developed to thrive amidst the harsh and meager conditions of its native island.", "Collie __knowledge__ The collie is a distinctive type of herding dog, including many related landraces and standardised breeds.", "Collie __knowledge__ The type originated in Scotland and Northern England.", "Collie __knowledge__ The collie is a medium-sized, fairly lightly built dog, with a pointed snout.", "Collie __knowledge__ Many types have a distinctive white pattern over the shoulders.", "Collie __knowledge__ Collies are very active and agile, and most types of collies have a very strong herding instinct.", "Collie __knowledge__ Collie breeds have spread through many parts of the world (especially Australia and North America) and have diversified into many varieties, sometimes with mixture from other dog types.", "Collie __knowledge__ Some collie breeds have remained as working dogs, used for herding cattle, sheep and other livestock, while others are kept as pets, show dogs or for dog sports, in which they display great agility, stamina and trainability.", "Herding Group __knowledge__ Herding Group is the name of a breed group of dogs, used by kennel clubs to classify a defined collection of dog breeds.", "Herding Group __knowledge__ It does not refer to one particular type of dog.", "Herding Group __knowledge__ How the \"Herding Group\" is defined varies among kennel clubs, and different kennel clubs may not include the same breeds in their \"Herding Group\".", "Herding Group __knowledge__ Some kennel clubs do not use the term \"Herding Group\".", "Herding Group __knowledge__ The international kennel club association, the Fédération Cynologique Internationale, does not have a \"Herding Group\", and includes most pastoral dogs in Group 1 \"Sheepdogs and Cattle Dogs (except Swiss Cattle Dogs)\" and Group 2 \"Pinscher and Schnauzer - Molossoid Breeds - Swiss Mountain and Cattle Dogs\".", "Berger Picard __knowledge__ The Berger Picard (pronounced \"Bare-ZHAY Pee-CARR\") or Picardy Shepherd is a French breed of dog of the herding group of breeds.", "Berger Picard __knowledge__ Berger is the French word for shepherd and Picardie is the region of France where they originate.", "Berger Picard __knowledge__ Owners and fanciers call them simply Picards.", "Berger Picard __knowledge__ These dogs nearly became extinct after both World War I and World War II and remain a rare breed.", "Berger Picard __knowledge__ This breed of dog is people-oriented, loyal, and can make a good family pet if properly socialized early in life.", "Berger Picard __knowledge__ The producers of the 2005 American movie \"Because of Winn-Dixie\" brought five Picards over from Europe (\"Scott\", \"Laiko\" and \"Tasha\" performed in the movie).", "Spanish Water Dog __knowledge__ The Spanish Water Dog () breed dates back several hundred years and has its origins most likely in Turkey from where it was imported into Spain as a general purpose sheepdog and guard.", "Spanish Water Dog __knowledge__ It is also used sometimes as a gundog, and is skilled at retrieval from water.", "Spanish Water Dog __knowledge__ The SWD has strong genetic links to other ancient water breeds such as the Portuguese Water Dog, the French Barbet and the Irish Water Spaniel.", "Spanish Water Dog __knowledge__ The SWD is a medium size, athletic, robust dog that is slightly longer than tall.", "Spanish Water Dog __knowledge__ Their tails are usually docked in the US, but undocked tails are not a fault in conformation showing if the dog was bred in a non-docking country.", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Pembroke Welsh Corgi (; Welsh for \"dwarf dog\") is a cattle herding dog breed which originated in Pembrokeshire, Wales.", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ It is one of two breeds known as a Welsh Corgi.", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The other is the Cardigan Welsh Corgi, and both descend from the line that is the northern spitz-type dog (examples include that of the Siberian Husky).", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Another theory is that Pembrokes are descended from the Swedish Vallhunds, which were crossed with the local Welsh herding dogs.", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Pembroke Welsh Corgi is the younger of the two Corgi breeds and is a separate and distinct breed from the Cardigan.", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The corgi is one of the smallest dogs in the Herding Group.", "Australian Shepherd __knowledge__ The Australian Shepherd, often known simply as the \"Aussie\", is a medium-sized breed of dog that was, despite its name, developed on ranches in the Western United States during the 19th century.", "Australian Shepherd __knowledge__ The dog was developed from a breed or breeds from the Basque country in Western Europe.", "Australian Shepherd __knowledge__ It was brought by Basque people to the United States.", "Australian Shepherd __knowledge__ These people had previously lived only briefly in Australia before moving to America.", "Australian Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed otherwise has no connection to Australia.", "Australian Shepherd __knowledge__ There are a number of different theories regarding how the breed came to be associated with Australia, but there is no consensus.", "Finnish Lapphund __knowledge__ The Finnish Lapphund is a hardy, easy going, medium-size breed of Spitz type.", "Finnish Lapphund __knowledge__ Traditionally it has been used for herding reindeer.", "Finnish Lapphund __knowledge__ Although it is one of the most popular dog breeds in its native country, Finland, it is not very numerous outside of the Nordic countries.", "Finnish Lapphund __knowledge__ The breed falls under the mitochondrial DNA sub-clade referred to as d1 that is only found in northern Scandinavia.", "Finnish Lapphund __knowledge__ It is the result of a female wolf-male dog hybridization that occurred post-domestication.", "Finnish Lapphund __knowledge__ Subclade d1 originated 480-3,000 years ago and is found in all Sami-related breeds: Finnish Lapphund, Swedish Lapphund, Lapponian Herder, Jamthund, Norwegian Elkhound and Hällefors Elkhound." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd (, ) is a breed of medium to large-sized working dog that originated in Germany.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed's officially recognized name is German Shepherd Dog in the English language (sometimes abbreviated as \"GSD\").", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed was once known as the Alsatian in Britain and Ireland.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd is a relatively new breed of dog, with their origin dating to 1899.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ As part of the Herding Group, German Shepherds are working dogs developed originally for herding sheep.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ Since that time however, because of their strength, intelligence, trainability, and obedience, German Shepherds around the world are often the preferred breed for many types of work, including disability assistance, search-and-rescue, police and military roles, and even acting.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd is the second-most registered breed by the American Kennel Club and seventh-most registered breed by The Kennel Club in the United Kingdom.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ German Shepherds are medium to large-sized dogs.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed standard height at the withers is for males, and for females.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ German Shepherds are longer than tall, with an ideal proportion of 10 to 8 1/2.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The AKC official breed standard does not set a standard weight range.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ They have a domed forehead, a long square-cut muzzle with strong jaws and a black nose.", "Economic history of the Philippines __knowledge__ The Philippine economy between 1973 and 1986 suffered from a downturn due to a mixture of domestic and international problems after experiencing years of positive growth.", "Economic history of the Philippines __knowledge__ These were the years that saw the country under Ferdinand Marcos and martial law, the assassination of Benigno Aquino, Jr., changes to the Philippine energy law, and the success of the EDSA People Power Revolution.", "Economic history of the Philippines __knowledge__ President Ferdinand E. Marcos declared martial law in the midst of rising student movements and an increasing number communist and socialist groups lobbying for reforms in their respective sectors.", "Economic history of the Philippines __knowledge__ Leftists held rallies to express their frustrations to the government, this restiveness culminating in the First Quarter Storm, where activists stormed Malacañang Palace only to be turned back by the Philippine Constabulary.", "Michael Corinthos __knowledge__ Michael Corinthos is a fictional character on \"General Hospital\", an American soap opera on the ABC network.", "Michael Corinthos __knowledge__ Born onscreen in 1997, the role was portrayed by several child actors, most notably Dylan Cash when the character was rapidly aged in 2002.", "Michael Corinthos __knowledge__ In 2009, the character was aged again when Drew Garrett stepped into the role.", "Michael Corinthos __knowledge__ Garrett was replaced by Chad Duell after one year with the series.", "Michael Corinthos __knowledge__ As the son of A. J. Quartermaine and Carly Corinthos, nephew of mob enforcer Jason Morgan, and adoptive son of mob boss Sonny Corinthos, he is born into chaos.", "Michael Corinthos __knowledge__ Taken from A. J. as a child, Michael is raised at the center of a bitter battle between his biological family, the wealthy Quartermaines, and the Corinthos family.", "Will Horton __knowledge__ Will Horton is a fictional character from the American soap opera \"Days of Our Lives\", known for award-winning storylines including a highly-praised coming out story, award-winning performances by actor Chandler Massey, and as one half of US daytime drama's first male gay wedding and marriage.", "Will Horton __knowledge__ The character first appeared on November 16, 1995, as a newborn child who is initially called Will Reed.", "Will Horton __knowledge__ His mother Sami Brady (Alison Sweeney) acts as if Austin Reed (Austin Peck) is the father so Austin might marry her, and when Sami later realizes that Will must actually be the son of Lucas Roberts (Bryan Dattilo), she tries to prevent others finding out.", "Carol II of Romania __knowledge__ Carol II (15 October 18934 April 1953) reigned as King of Romania from 8 June 1930 until his enforced abdication on 6 September 1940.", "Carol II of Romania __knowledge__ Carol was the eldest son of Ferdinand I and became crown prince upon the death of his grand-uncle, King Carol I in 1914.", "Carol II of Romania __knowledge__ He was the first of the Hohenzollern kings of Romania to be born in the country (both of his predecessors were born and grew up in Germany and only came to Romania as adults).", "Carol II of Romania __knowledge__ Carol, by contrast, spoke Romanian as his first language and was the first member of the Romanian royal family to be raised in the Orthodox faith.", "Carol II of Romania __knowledge__ He possessed a hedonistic personality that contributed to the controversies marring his reign, and his life was marked by numerous scandals.", "List of Game of Thrones characters __knowledge__ The characters from the American medieval fantasy television series \"Game of Thrones\" are based on their respective counterparts from author George R. R. Martin's \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" series of novels.", "List of Game of Thrones characters __knowledge__ Set in a fictional universe that has been referred to so far as \"The Known World,\" the series follows a civil war for the Iron Throne of the continent of Westeros, fought between the rival royal and noble families and their respective supporters.", "List of Game of Thrones characters __knowledge__ The following cast members have been credited as main cast in the opening credits: Additionally the following cast members have appeared in 10 or more episodes of the show while maintaining a 'recurring' status: Ned Stark (season 1, 6-7) portrayed by Sean Bean in season 1 as an adult, and by Sebastian Croft in season 6 as a child, and Robert Aramayo in season 6 and 7 as a young adult.", "Environmental racism in Europe __knowledge__ Environmental racism in Europe has been documented in relation to racialized immigrant and migrant populations alongside Romani (Roma/Gypsy), Yenish, Irish Traveller, and communities (such as the Sami, Komi, and Nenets) from within continental borders.", "Environmental racism in Europe __knowledge__ Environmental racism is the practice of environmental injustice within a racialized context, in which socially marginalized communities and minority groups are subjected to disproportionate exposure of environmental hazards, denial of access to sources of ecological sustenance such as clean air, water, and natural resources, or infringement of environmentally related human rights.", "Stuttgart __knowledge__ Stuttgart ( ; ; Swabian: , ; ) is the capital and largest city of the German state of Baden-Württemberg.", "Stuttgart __knowledge__ Stuttgart is located on the Neckar river in a fertile valley locally known as the \"Stuttgart Cauldron\" an hour from the Swabian Jura and the Black Forest, and its urban area has a population of 609,219, making it the sixth largest city in Germany.", "Stuttgart __knowledge__ 2.7 million people live in the city's administrative region and another 5.3 million people in its metropolitan area, making it the fourth largest metropolitan area in Germany.", "Stuttgart __knowledge__ The city and metropolitan area are consistently ranked among the top 20 European metropolitan areas by GDP; Mercer listed Stuttgart as 21st on its 2015 list of cities by quality of living, innovation agency 2thinknow ranked the city 24th globally out of 442 cities and the Globalization and World Cities Research Network ranked the city as a Beta-status world city in their 2014 survey.", "The New Breed (ECW) __knowledge__ The New Breed was a heel professional wrestling stable that appeared on the ECW brand of World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) in 2007.", "The New Breed (ECW) __knowledge__ It was originally composed of Elijah Burke and Marcus Cor Von.", "The New Breed (ECW) __knowledge__ Matt Striker, Kevin Thorn, and Ariel first joined the stable in February 2007, then CM Punk briefly joined the stable in April 2007.", "The New Breed (ECW) __knowledge__ The faction was created to feud with wrestlers who had been a part of the original Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW) promotion in the 1990s.", "The New Breed (ECW) __knowledge__ WWE revived ECW as a third brand in 2006, and hired several former ECW wrestlers – the ECW Originals – to compete on the brand.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Yea ( ) is a town in Victoria, Australia north-east of Melbourne at the junction of the Goulburn Valley Highway and the Melba Highway, in the Shire of Murrindindi local government area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ In an area originally inhabited by the Taungurong people, it was first visited by Europeans of the Hume and Hovell expedition in 1824, and within 15 years most of the land in the area had been taken up by graziers.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Surveyed in 1855, the township grew as a service centre for grazing, gold-mining and timber-getting in the area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ The town has had a fairly stable population (around 1,100) since 1900, though it now has a relatively old population.", "Jay Park __knowledge__ Jay Park (Korean name: Park Jae-beom, Hangul: 박재범, Hanja: 朴載範; born April 25, 1987) is an American singer, songwriter, rapper, dancer, record producer, model, choreographer, entrepreneur and actor.", "Jay Park __knowledge__ He is a member of the Seattle-based b-boy crew, Art of Movement (AOM), and founder and co-CEO of the independent hip hop record label AOMG and his new global label H1GHR Music.", "Jay Park __knowledge__ He also signed with the record label Roc Nation, becoming the first Asian-American to do so.", "Jay Park __knowledge__ Park started as a b-boy and dancer, known for his charismatic performances and stage presence.", "Jay Park __knowledge__ Park was described as a \"born entertainer\" by Korean pop singer Patti Kim, and \"The New York Times\" quoted the president of digital music distributor DFSB Kollective describing Park as \"not just an artist, but also his own PR agent, fan club president, and TV network.\"", "The ECW Originals __knowledge__ The ECW Originals were a professional wrestling stable that has made appearances in various wrestling promotions, such as Total Nonstop Action Wrestling, and most famously WWE.", "The ECW Originals __knowledge__ The name of the stable derives from their affiliation with the original independent Extreme Championship Wrestling promotion, with \"ECW Originals\" being wrestlers who first came to prominence during the first ECW's run.", "The ECW Originals __knowledge__ Members of the ECW Originals faction have held the ECW World Heavyweight Championship, Television Championship, and World Tag Team Championship during their tenure with the original company.", "The ECW Originals __knowledge__ In July 2010, the group debuted in Total Nonstop Action Wrestling under the name EV 2.0 (\"EV\" being an abbreviation for \"Extreme Violence\" or \"Extreme Version\").", "Jesus at the Center: Live __knowledge__ Jesus at the Center: Live is a contemporary worship live album recorded and performed by Israel & New Breed.", "Jesus at the Center: Live __knowledge__ The album is released by Integrity Media and Columbia Records.", "Jesus at the Center: Live __knowledge__ The album was recorded live at Lakewood Church in early February 2012.", "Jesus at the Center: Live __knowledge__ About.com's Kim Jones wrote about the album: \"knockout punches that leave you smiling and wanting more are what you will get on \"Jesus At The Center\".", "Jesus at the Center: Live __knowledge__ Compelling songs, larger-than-life passion, awe-inspiring musicianship ... this release has it all.\"", "Jesus at the Center: Live __knowledge__ \"CCM Magazine\"'s Andy Argyrakis said that \"For its first live album in five years, Israel & New Breed picks up right where it left off with a rousing batch of Christ-centered songwriting.", "Sean Royal __knowledge__ Sean Vellenga (born February 1, 1961) is an American retired professional wrestler, better known by his ring name, Sean Royal.", "Sean Royal __knowledge__ Sean Royal made his professional wrestling debut in 1984 after training under Hiro Matsuda.", "Sean Royal __knowledge__ He initially worked for Mid Atlantic Championship Wrestling based in Charlotte, North Carolina.", "Sean Royal __knowledge__ In 1986 he began working for Championship Wrestling from Florida.", "Sean Royal __knowledge__ Initially he worked as a singles wrestler, but it was not long into his tenure in Florida that the promoter and match makers decided to team Royal up with another young wrestler, Chris Champion; and together the two became a regular tag team called The New Breed.", "Chris Champion __knowledge__ Christopher Ashford-Smith (born February 17, 1961) is an American professional wrestler, better known by his ring name, Chris Champion.", "Chris Champion __knowledge__ As Chris Champion he primarily worked for various National Wrestling Alliance member territories, including Florida Championship Wrestling and Jim Crockett Promotions.", "Chris Champion __knowledge__ Ashford-Smith is also known for his appearances with World Championship Wrestling (WCW) as Yoshi Kwan.", "Chris Champion __knowledge__ Ashford-Smith started wrestling in 1984 using the ring name Dennis Smith.", "Chris Champion __knowledge__ in 1986 he began working for Florida Championship Wrestling and changed his ring name to \"Chris Champion\", the name he would be most known under." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 5, 4, 0 ]

[ "no buy german shepards are great breeds of large dogs", "yep they are german working dogs, very smart breed", "yes they are part of the herding group of dogs", "yea they are kind of a new breed from 1899", "yea they do its awesome" ]

[ "German Shepherd", "German Shepherd", "German Shepherd", "German Shepherd", "German Shepherd" ]

[ "Farmer", "I am trying to do small scale farming myself, do you have any tips?", "That's a good idea, do you buy your own materials to raise the beds?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Farmer __knowledge__ A farmer (also called an agriculturer) is a person engaged in agriculture, raising living organisms for food or raw materials.", "Farmer __knowledge__ The term usually applies to people who do some combination of raising field crops, orchards, vineyards, poultry, or other livestock.", "Farmer __knowledge__ A farmer might own the farmed land or might work as a laborer on land owned by others, but in advanced economies, a farmer is usually a farm owner, while employees of the farm are known as farm workers, or farmhands.", "Farmer __knowledge__ However, in the not so distant past, a farmer was a person who promotes or improves the growth of (a plant, crop, etc.)", "Farmer __knowledge__ by labor and attention, land or crops or raises animals (as livestock or fish).", "Farmer __knowledge__ Farming has been dated back as far as the Neolithic era.", "Farmer __knowledge__ By the Bronze Age, the Sumerians had an agriculture specialized labor force by 5000–4000 BCE, and heavily depended on irrigation to grow crops.", "Farmer __knowledge__ They relied on three-person teams when harvesting in the spring.", "Farmer __knowledge__ The Ancient Egypt farmers farmed and relied and irrigated their water from the Nile.", "Farmer __knowledge__ Animal husbandry, the practice of rearing animals specifically for farming purposes, has existed for thousands of years.", "Farmer __knowledge__ Dogs were domesticated in East Asia about 15,000 years ago." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Farmer __knowledge__ A farmer (also called an agriculturer) is a person engaged in agriculture, raising living organisms for food or raw materials.", "Farmer __knowledge__ The term usually applies to people who do some combination of raising field crops, orchards, vineyards, poultry, or other livestock.", "Farmer __knowledge__ A farmer might own the farmed land or might work as a laborer on land owned by others, but in advanced economies, a farmer is usually a farm owner, while employees of the farm are known as farm workers, or farmhands.", "Farmer __knowledge__ However, in the not so distant past, a farmer was a person who promotes or improves the growth of (a plant, crop, etc.)", "Farmer __knowledge__ by labor and attention, land or crops or raises animals (as livestock or fish).", "Farmer __knowledge__ Farming has been dated back as far as the Neolithic era.", "Farmer __knowledge__ By the Bronze Age, the Sumerians had an agriculture specialized labor force by 5000–4000 BCE, and heavily depended on irrigation to grow crops.", "Farmer __knowledge__ They relied on three-person teams when harvesting in the spring.", "Farmer __knowledge__ The Ancient Egypt farmers farmed and relied and irrigated their water from the Nile.", "Farmer __knowledge__ Animal husbandry, the practice of rearing animals specifically for farming purposes, has existed for thousands of years.", "Farmer __knowledge__ Dogs were domesticated in East Asia about 15,000 years ago.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Urban agriculture, urban farming, or urban gardening is the practice of cultivating, processing, and distributing food in or around a village, town, or city.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Urban agriculture can also involve animal husbandry, aquaculture, agroforestry, urban beekeeping, and horticulture.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ These activities occur in peri-urban areas as well, and peri-urban agriculture may have different characteristics.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Urban agriculture can reflect varying levels of economic and social development.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ In the global north, it often takes the form of a social movement for sustainable communities, where organic growers, ‘foodies,’ and ‘locavores’ form social networks founded on a shared ethos of nature and community holism.", "Selector's Hut, Camp Mountain __knowledge__ The Selector's Hut is a heritage-listed hut at 20 Upper Camp Mountain Road, Camp Mountain, Moreton Bay Region, Queensland, Australia.", "Selector's Hut, Camp Mountain __knowledge__ It is also known as Marks' Hut.", "Selector's Hut, Camp Mountain __knowledge__ It was built by George Atthow.", "Selector's Hut, Camp Mountain __knowledge__ It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 3 December 2007.", "Selector's Hut, Camp Mountain __knowledge__ The Selector's Hut, Camp Mountain, is a small single roomed cottage located in a rural setting near the township of Samford north of Brisbane.", "Selector's Hut, Camp Mountain __knowledge__ It is constructed of slab and sawn timber and was built by selector George Atthow.", "Selector's Hut, Camp Mountain __knowledge__ Land settlement in rural Queensland began with a pastoral phase where squatters occupied large tracts of Crown land on which they ran sheep or cattle.", "Sustainable living __knowledge__ Sustainable living is a lifestyle that attempts to reduce an individual's or society's use of the Earth's natural resources and personal resources.", "Sustainable living __knowledge__ Practitioners of sustainable living often attempt to reduce their carbon footprint by altering methods of transportation, energy consumption, and diet.", "Sustainable living __knowledge__ Proponents of sustainable living aim to conduct their lives in ways that are consistent with sustainability, in natural balance and respectful of humanity's symbiotic relationship with the Earth's natural ecology and cycles.", "Sustainable living __knowledge__ The practice and general philosophy of ecological living is highly interrelated with the overall principles of sustainable development.", "Marine shrimp farming __knowledge__ Marine shrimp farming is an aquaculture business for the cultivation of marine shrimp or prawns for human consumption.", "Marine shrimp farming __knowledge__ Although traditional shrimp farming has been carried out in Asia for centuries, large-scale commercial shrimp farming began in the 1970s, and production grew steeply, particularly to match the market demands of the United States, Japan and Western Europe.", "Marine shrimp farming __knowledge__ The total global production of farmed shrimp reached more than 1.6 million tonnes in 2003, representing a value of nearly 9 billion U.S. dollars.", "Marine shrimp farming __knowledge__ About 75% of farmed shrimp is produced in Asia, in particular in China and Thailand.", "Nocton Dairies controversy __knowledge__ Nocton Dairies is a British company which was formed by Devon farmer and cheese-maker Peter Willes and Lancashire milk producer David Barnes in order to construct an 8,100-cow dairy at Nocton Heath in Lincolnshire, objectors to which claimed that it would have been the largest in Western Europe.", "Nocton Dairies controversy __knowledge__ A planning application to North Kesteven District Council was made on 17 December 2009, but after concerns raised by the Environment Agency, was withdrawn on 15 April 2010 having already aroused considerable reaction in the media.", "Nocton Dairies controversy __knowledge__ After a premature report that the company had resubmitted its plans in August 2010, a revised application was submitted on 17 November 2010 for a 3,770-cow dairy, the reduced size being intended to address some concerns.", "Hill people __knowledge__ Hill people is a general term for people who live in hills and mountains.", "Hill people __knowledge__ There are a wide variety of hill people around the world, many of whom live by small scale pastoralism or on small farms.", "Hill people __knowledge__ Musical instruments of hill people, such as various forms of horn, are notable for their ability to be heard at great distances.", "Hill people __knowledge__ Political borders often split hill peoples between countries, and they are sometimes minorities in their countries with a tradition of resisting control by central government.", "Hill people __knowledge__ The Drakensberg are the highest mountain range in Southern Africa, rising up to in height.", "Hill people __knowledge__ The people of these mountains are mostly Bantu-speaking people who moved into the area from the north a thousand years ago, displacing the original Khoisan people.", "NSPCA - National Council of SPCAs __knowledge__ National Council of Societies for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (NSPCA), also known as the National Council of SPCAs, is the largest and oldest animal welfare organisation in South Africa.", "NSPCA - National Council of SPCAs __knowledge__ The NSPCA handles all matters relating to animal cruelty involving all animal species and is a registered Non-Profit Organisation registered with the Department of Social Development.", "NSPCA - National Council of SPCAs __knowledge__ The NSPCA is referred to as \"NDBV\" in Afrikaans (one of the 11 official languages in South Africa) and is also known as Nasionale Raad van Dierebeskermingsverenigings (NDBV).", "NSPCA - National Council of SPCAs __knowledge__ SPCA is DBV in Afrikaans.", "NSPCA - National Council of SPCAs __knowledge__ The Mission of the NSPCA is to prevent cruelty and promote the welfare of all animals, whilst their Vision is to end animal cruelty In South Africa and engender compassion for all animals.", "Richie Farmer __knowledge__ Richard Dwight \"Richie\" Farmer (born August 25, 1969) is an American former collegiate basketball player and Republican Party politician from the U.S. state of Kentucky.", "Richie Farmer __knowledge__ He served as the Kentucky Agriculture Commissioner from 2004 to 2012 and was the running mate of David L. Williams in the 2011 gubernatorial election.", "Richie Farmer __knowledge__ After leaving office, Farmer was investigated for violating state campaign finance laws and misappropriating state resources and was sentenced to 27 months in federal prison along with a concurrent 12 months in state prison.", "Richie Farmer __knowledge__ A point guard, Farmer led Clay County High School to the 1987 Kentucky High School Athletic Association (KHSAA) State Basketball Championship and, in 1988, was named Kentucky Mr. Basketball and Kentucky Associated Press Male High School Athlete of the Year after setting a championship game record with 51 points in a losing effort.", "Ilmenau __knowledge__ Ilmenau is a town in Thuringia, Germany.", "Ilmenau __knowledge__ It is the largest town within the Ilm district with a population of 26,000, while the district capital is Arnstadt.", "Ilmenau __knowledge__ Ilmenau is located approximately south of Erfurt and north of Nuremberg within the Ilm valley at the northern edge of the Thuringian Forest at an elevation of .", "Ilmenau __knowledge__ The most important institution in Ilmenau is the Technische Universität Ilmenau, Thuringia's second-largest university with about 7,000 students and an emphasis on mathematics, physics, informatics, several engineering disciplines and media studies.", "Ilmenau __knowledge__ Its precursor was founded in 1894 and developed into a university in 1992.", "Green Acre Bahá'í School __knowledge__ Green Acre Bahá'í School is one of three leading institutions owned by the National Spiritual Assembly of the Bahá'ís of the United States.", "Green Acre Bahá'í School __knowledge__ The name of the site has had various versions of \"Green Acre\" since before its founding in 1894 by Sarah Farmer and is a conference facility in Eliot, Maine, in the United States.", "Green Acre Bahá'í School __knowledge__ It had a prolonged process of progress and challenge while run by Farmer until about 1913 when she was indisposed after converting to the Bahá'í Faith in 1900.", "Green Acre Bahá'í School __knowledge__ `Abdu'l-Bahá, then head of the religion, visited there during his travels in the West in 1912.", "Green Acre Bahá'í School __knowledge__ Farmer died in 1916 and thereafter it had evolved into the quintessential Bahá'í school directly inspiring Louhelen Bahá'í School and Bosch Bahá'í School, the other two of the three schools owned by the national assembly, and today serves as a leading institution of the religion in America.", "Guy Otto Farmer __knowledge__ Guy Otto Farmer (September 13, 1912 – October 4, 1995) was an American lawyer and civil servant.", "Guy Otto Farmer __knowledge__ He was Chairman of the United States National Labor Relations Board from July 1953 to August 1955.", "Guy Otto Farmer __knowledge__ After leaving government service, he represented the Bituminous Coal Operators Association, the collective bargaining arm of the bituminous coal mining industry in the United States.", "Guy Otto Farmer __knowledge__ Farmer was born September 13, 1912, to Harbert and Kate (Bell) Farmer of Foster Falls, Virginia.", "Guy Otto Farmer __knowledge__ He had seven brothers and two sisters.", "Guy Otto Farmer __knowledge__ His father was a coal mine foreman, and when Farmer was an infant the family moved to the small town of Maybeury, West Virginia.", "Weimar __knowledge__ Weimar (; ) is a city in the federal state of Thuringia, Germany.", "Weimar __knowledge__ It is located between Erfurt in the west and Jena in the east, approximately southwest of Leipzig, north of Nuremberg and west of Dresden.", "Weimar __knowledge__ Together with the neighbour-cities Erfurt and Jena it forms the central metropolitan area of Thuringia with approximately 500,000 inhabitants, whereas the city itself counts a population of 65,000.", "Weimar __knowledge__ Weimar is well known because of its large cultural heritage and its importance in German history.", "Weimar __knowledge__ The city was a focal point of the German Enlightenment and home of the leading characters of the literary genre of Weimar Classicism, the writers Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and Friedrich Schiller.", "Frances Farmer __knowledge__ Frances Elena Farmer (September 19, 1913 – August 1, 1970) was an American actress and television host.", "Frances Farmer __knowledge__ She is perhaps better known for sensationalized accounts of her life, especially her involuntary commitment to a mental hospital.", "Frances Farmer __knowledge__ Farmer began her career as a stage actress, performing stock theater in New York City and later appearing on Broadway.", "Frances Farmer __knowledge__ She made her film debut in \"Too Many Parents\" (1936), and was subsequently featured in a starring role in the musical western, \"Rhythm on the Range\" (1936) opposite Bing Crosby, and \"The Toast of New York\" (1937) with Cary Grant.", "Frances Farmer __knowledge__ After signing a contract with Paramount Pictures, Farmer appeared in \"Exclusive\" (1937), \"World Premiere\" (1941), and the film noir \"Among the Living\" (1941).", "Farmers' suicides in India __knowledge__ In 2014, the National Crime Records Bureau of India reported 5,650 farmer suicides.", "Farmers' suicides in India __knowledge__ The highest number of farmer suicides were recorded in 2004 when 18,241 farmers committed suicide.", "Farmers' suicides in India __knowledge__ The farmers suicide rate in India has ranged between 1.4 and 1.8 per 100,000 total population, over a 10-year period through 2005.", "Farmers' suicides in India __knowledge__ India is an agrarian country with around 70% of its people depending directly or indirectly upon agriculture.", "Farmers' suicides in India __knowledge__ Farmer suicides account for 11.2% of all suicides in India.", "Farmers' suicides in India __knowledge__ Activists and scholars have offered a number of conflicting reasons for farmer suicides, such as monsoon failure, high debt burdens, government policies, public mental health, personal issues and family problems." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Farmer __knowledge__ A farmer (also called an agriculturer) is a person engaged in agriculture, raising living organisms for food or raw materials.", "Farmer __knowledge__ The term usually applies to people who do some combination of raising field crops, orchards, vineyards, poultry, or other livestock.", "Farmer __knowledge__ A farmer might own the farmed land or might work as a laborer on land owned by others, but in advanced economies, a farmer is usually a farm owner, while employees of the farm are known as farm workers, or farmhands.", "Farmer __knowledge__ However, in the not so distant past, a farmer was a person who promotes or improves the growth of (a plant, crop, etc.)", "Farmer __knowledge__ by labor and attention, land or crops or raises animals (as livestock or fish).", "Farmer __knowledge__ Farming has been dated back as far as the Neolithic era.", "Farmer __knowledge__ By the Bronze Age, the Sumerians had an agriculture specialized labor force by 5000–4000 BCE, and heavily depended on irrigation to grow crops.", "Farmer __knowledge__ They relied on three-person teams when harvesting in the spring.", "Farmer __knowledge__ The Ancient Egypt farmers farmed and relied and irrigated their water from the Nile.", "Farmer __knowledge__ Animal husbandry, the practice of rearing animals specifically for farming purposes, has existed for thousands of years.", "Farmer __knowledge__ Dogs were domesticated in East Asia about 15,000 years ago.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "Seemed Like a Good Idea at the Time (song) __knowledge__ \"Seemed Like a Good Idea at the Time\" is a song by the English rock band The Darkness.", "Seemed Like a Good Idea at the Time (song) __knowledge__ The song is about a man regretting a decision that lead to the demise of a previous romantic relationship.musicOMH called it \"an introspective laced with regret\" It is the fifth track in the band's sophomore album One Way Ticket to Hell... and Back and it was recorded at Chapel Studios, South Thoresby, Lincolnshire; Paul Smith Music Studios, London.", "Seemed Like a Good Idea at the Time (song) __knowledge__ The song has been released in three different albums: On 28 November 2005 on the band's second album One Way Ticket to Hell... and Back.", "Seemed Like a Good Idea at the Time (song) __knowledge__ On 1 April 2008 in the first compilation album \"The Platinum Collection\".", "Betting in poker __knowledge__ In the game of poker, the play largely centers on the act of betting, and as such, a protocol has been developed to speed up play, lessen confusion, and increase security while playing.", "Betting in poker __knowledge__ Different games are played using different types of bets, and small variations in etiquette exist between cardrooms, but for the most part the following rules and protocol are observed by the majority of poker players.", "Betting in poker __knowledge__ Players in a poker game act in turn, in clockwise rotation (acting out of turn can negatively affect other players).", "Betting in poker __knowledge__ When it is a player's turn to act, the first verbal declaration or action they take binds them to their choice of action; this rule prevents a player from changing their action after seeing how other players react to their initial, verbal action.", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945) __knowledge__ The Blockade of Germany (1939–1945), also known as the Economic War, was carried out during World War II by the United Kingdom and France in order to restrict the supplies of minerals, metals, food and textiles needed by Nazi Germany - and later Fascist Italy - in order to sustain their war efforts.", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945) __knowledge__ The economic war consisted mainly of a naval blockade which formed part of the wider Battle of the Atlantic, and included the preclusive buying of war materials from neutral countries to prevent their sale to the enemy.", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945) __knowledge__ There were four distinct phases of the blockade.", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945) __knowledge__ The first period was from the beginning of European hostilities in September 1939 to the end of the \"Phoney War,\" during which the Allies and Axis Powers both intercepted neutral merchant ships to seize deliveries en route to the enemy.", "Proposal (business) __knowledge__ A business proposal is a written offer from a seller to a prospective buyer.", "Proposal (business) __knowledge__ Business proposals are often a key step in the complex sales process—i.e., whenever a buyer considers more than price in a purchase.", "Proposal (business) __knowledge__ A proposal puts the buyer's requirements in a context that favors the seller's products and services, and educates the buyer about the capabilities of the seller in satisfying their needs.", "Proposal (business) __knowledge__ There are three distinct categories of business proposals: Solicited proposals are written in response to published requirements, contained in a request for proposal (RFP), request for quotation (RFQ), invitation for bid (IFB), or a request for information (RFI).", "List of ALF characters __knowledge__ A listing of the characters from the ALF television series that ran between 1986 and 1990.", "List of ALF characters __knowledge__ ALF (an acronym for \"Alien Life Form\"), is an alien from the planet Melmac.", "List of ALF characters __knowledge__ ALF's real name is Gordon Shumway; he was given the nickname \"ALF\" by Willie Tanner in the pilot episode.", "List of ALF characters __knowledge__ ALF was born on October 28, 1756 (though he mentions that his birthday is in August in Episode 7, \"Help Me Rhonda\") on the Lower East Side of the planet.", "List of ALF characters __knowledge__ Melmac was located six parsecs past the Hydra-Centaurus Supercluster and had a green sky, pink grass and a purple sun.", "List of ALF characters __knowledge__ The commonly used currency is Wernicks, and the substance we call foam is revealed by ALF in the first-season episode, \"Baby, You Can Drive My Car\", to be as precious on Melmac as gold is on Earth.", "Star Wars (film) __knowledge__ Star Wars (later retitled Star Wars: Episode IV – A New Hope) is a 1977 American epic space opera film written and directed by George Lucas.", "Star Wars (film) __knowledge__ It is the first film in the original \"Star Wars\" trilogy and the beginning of the \"Star Wars\" franchise.", "Star Wars (film) __knowledge__ Starring Mark Hamill, Harrison Ford, Carrie Fisher, Peter Cushing, Alec Guinness, David Prowse, James Earl Jones, Anthony Daniels, Kenny Baker, and Peter Mayhew, the film's plot focuses on the Rebel Alliance, led by Princess Leia (Fisher), and its attempt to destroy the Galactic Empire's space station, the Death Star.", "Star Wars (film) __knowledge__ This conflict disrupts the isolated life of farmhand Luke Skywalker (Hamill), who inadvertently acquires two droids that possess stolen architectural plans for the Death Star.", "Gracemere Homestead __knowledge__ Gracemere Homestead is a heritage-listed homestead at 234 Gracemere Road, Gracemere, Rockhampton Region, Queensland, Australia.", "Gracemere Homestead __knowledge__ It was built from 1858 to 1890s.", "Gracemere Homestead __knowledge__ It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.", "Gracemere Homestead __knowledge__ Gracemere Homestead comprises a number of single storey, timber and corrugated iron structures, including a large house, characteristic of a Central Queensland pastoral property established during the 1850s.", "Gracemere Homestead __knowledge__ These structures are complemented by an extensive sub-tropical garden and other significant landscape elements.", "Gracemere Homestead __knowledge__ The Archer family and their family company have owned Gracemere Homestead for almost 150 years.", "Gympie Memorial Park __knowledge__ Gympie Memorial Park is a heritage-listed memorial at River Road, Gympie, Gympie Region, Queensland, Australia.", "Gympie Memorial Park __knowledge__ It was designed by Harry Moore and Alfred Herbert Foster and built from 1919 to 1921.", "Gympie Memorial Park __knowledge__ It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 18 September 2009.", "Gympie Memorial Park __knowledge__ Gympie Memorial Park was established in 1919-1921 as the Gympie and Widgee District Fallen Soldiers' Memorial Park, with a landscape design prepared by Brisbane's Parks Superintendent Henry (Harry) Moore and a focal timber bandstand designed by Brisbane City Council's architect Alfred Herbert Foster.", "Gympie Memorial Park __knowledge__ The park was opened on 20 April 1921 but the first official function in the park was an address to His Royal Highness Edward, Prince of Wales, during the Prince's visit to Gympie on 3 August 1920.", "Thomas Park Bougainvillea Gardens __knowledge__ Thomas Park Bougainvillea Gardens is a heritage-listed former private garden and now public park at 151 Harts Road, Indooroopilly, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.", "Thomas Park Bougainvillea Gardens __knowledge__ It was designed by Henry Thomas and built from 1914 to 1918.", "Thomas Park Bougainvillea Gardens __knowledge__ It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 10 October 2014.", "Thomas Park Bougainvillea Gardens __knowledge__ The Thomas Park Bougainvillea Gardens, located on Harts Road, Indooroopilly, in Brisbane, were created as a large residential garden by landowner, Henry Thomas from about 1900.", "Thomas Park Bougainvillea Gardens __knowledge__ For four decades the gardens were a tourist attraction, bringing visitors from throughout Australia and overseas to see their spectacular display of bougainvilleas in flower.", "Village Roots Garden __knowledge__ The Village Roots Garden is a community garden located at 1115 E. Otjen Street in the Bay View neighborhood of Milwaukee, Wisconsin.", "Village Roots Garden __knowledge__ The Village Roots Garden (originally known as the Otjen Garden) came about through the collaboration of the Bay View Garden and Yard Society, Milwaukee Urban Gardens (MUG), and the South Community Organization.", "Village Roots Garden __knowledge__ On February 20, 2002, the South Community Organization donated the vacant lot to Milwaukee Urban Gardens, a nonprofit land trust.", "Village Roots Garden __knowledge__ The lot became Milwaukee Urban Garden’s first owned property, and the Bay View Garden and Yard Society (an LGBT and gay-friendly organization) soon began developing the empty lot into Bay View’s first community garden.", "World War I Cenotaph, Mackay __knowledge__ World War I Cenotaph is a heritage-listed memorial at Jubliee Park, Alfred Street, Mackay, Mackay Region, Queensland, Australia.", "World War I Cenotaph, Mackay __knowledge__ It was designed by Stephen Harvey and built from 1928 to 1929 by Melrose & Fenwick.", "World War I Cenotaph, Mackay __knowledge__ It is also known as Mackay War Memorial and Jubilee Park.", "World War I Cenotaph, Mackay __knowledge__ It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 August 1992.", "World War I Cenotaph, Mackay __knowledge__ The Cenotaph at Mackay was first unveiled on the southern bank of the Pioneer River adjacent to the Sydney Street Bridge in 1929.", "World War I Cenotaph, Mackay __knowledge__ It was designed by Townsville architect Stephen Harvey and commemorates the 159 men from Mackay and its district killed in action during World War I (WWI).", "Alliance University __knowledge__ Alliance University is a private university established in the city of Bangalore, India, set up in 2010 by Act No.", "Alliance University __knowledge__ 34 of the Karnataka State, the university was established under the aegis of Alliance Business School.", "Alliance University __knowledge__ Alliance University campus is located on a sprawling 'Green campus' on the Chandapura-Anekal main road, Anekal taluk of Bangalore.", "Alliance University __knowledge__ Alliance University is recognized by the University Grants Commission (UGC), New Delhi.", "Alliance University __knowledge__ The University is also approved by the All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE), India.", "Alliance University __knowledge__ The university has six academic schools – Alliance School of Business, Alliance School of Law, Alliance College of Engineering & Design and Alliance Ascent College, Department of performing arts, Planned academic units like Alliance College of Arts and the Humanities, Alliance College of Science, Alliance College of Medicine and Dentistry, Alliance College of Education and Human Services, Alliance School of Health Sciences, Alliance College of Media and Communications.", "Flecker Botanical Gardens __knowledge__ Flecker Botanical Gardens is a heritage-listed botanic garden at Collins Avenue, Edge Hill, Cairns, Cairns Region, Queensland, Australia.", "Flecker Botanical Gardens __knowledge__ It was built from 1886 to 1960s.", "Flecker Botanical Gardens __knowledge__ It is now known as Cairns Botanic Gardens, and also known as Edge Hill Nursery, and Fitzalan's Botanical Gardens.", "Flecker Botanical Gardens __knowledge__ It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 2 February 2007.", "Flecker Botanical Gardens __knowledge__ The Flecker Botanic Gardens, a public reserve south of Mt Islay in the Mt Whitfield Range, was established in the mid-1880s as part of a recreation reserve, just a decade after the town of Cairns was first surveyed in 1876 as a port to service the Hodgkinson goldfield." ] ]

[ 1, 0, 0 ]

[ "A farmer is sometimes called an agricultural but I usually just say farmer.", "I have raised garden beds and I prefer them. I don't ever step in them to keep lots of space for the roots to grow.", "Years ago I was given some rounded 2x2's and that has worked great. Then put in lots of composted material, some ash, manure and topsoil. What are you wanting to grow?" ]

[ "Farmer", "Farmer", "Farmer" ]

[ "Pet adoption\nHi ! I am going to adopt a pet from the animal shelter soon. I believe I would like a dog ", "Yes, I have found some rescue groups locally, however, they charge a very hefty rehoming fee. ", "After Katrina, Pitbulls and Parolees ( a local tv show) offered services to Katrina victims who had to leave their pets behind. ", "Adoption among animals I find is a genuine way to go. People have to surrender their pets for various reasons. " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ Pet adoption is the process of taking responsibility for a pet that a previous owner has abandoned or released to a shelter or rescue organization.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ Common sources for adoptable pets are animal shelters and rescue groups.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ Some organizations give adopters ownership of the pet, while others use a guardianship model wherein the organization retains some control over the animal's future use or care.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ Also available is online pet adoption.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ These sites have databases of pets being housed by thousands of animal shelters and rescue groups, and are searchable by the public.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ They include Petfinder.org and Adopt-a-Pet.com.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ People deal with their unwanted pets in many ways.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ Some people have the pet euthanized (also known as \"putting it down\" or \"putting it to sleep\"), although many veterinarians do not consider this to be an ethical use of their resources for young and healthy animals, while others argue that euthanasia is a more humane option than leaving a pet in a cage for very long periods of time.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ Other people simply release the pet into the wild or otherwise abandon it, with the expectation that it will be able to take care of itself or that it will be found and adopted.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ More often, these pets succumb to hunger, weather, traffic, or common and treatable health problems.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA ; stylized PeTA) is an American animal rights organization based in Norfolk, Virginia, and led by Ingrid Newkirk, its international president.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ A nonprofit corporation with nearly 400 employees, it claims that it has 6.5 million members and supporters, in addition to claiming that it is the largest animal rights group in the world.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Its slogan is \"Animals are not ours to eat, wear, experiment on, use for entertainment, or abuse in any other way.\"", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Founded in March 1980 by Newkirk and fellow animal rights activist Alex Pacheco, the organization first caught the public's attention in the summer of 1981 during what became known as the Silver Spring monkeys case, a widely publicized dispute about experiments conducted on 17 macaque monkeys inside the Institute of Behavioral Research in Silver Spring, Maryland.", "North Carolina Animal Protection Act __knowledge__ The North Carolina Animal Protection Act aims to protect pets and their owners in North Carolina.", "North Carolina Animal Protection Act __knowledge__ This legislation models the Animal Welfare Act of 1966 and can be found in the North Carolina General Statutes under Chapter 19A: Protection Of Animals, Article 3, consisting of six articles.", "North Carolina Animal Protection Act __knowledge__ It aims (i) to protect the owners of dogs and cats from the theft of such pets; (ii) to prevent the sale or use of stolen pets; (iii) to insure that animals, as items of commerce, are provided humane care and treatment by regulating the transportation, sale, purchase, housing, care, handling and treatment of such animals by persons or organizations engaged in transporting, buying, or selling them for such use; (iv) to insure that animals confined in pet shops, kennels, animal shelters and auction markets are provided humane care and treatment; (v) to prohibit the sale, trade or adoption of those animals which show physical signs of infection, communicable disease, or congenital abnormalities, unless veterinary care is assured subsequent to sale, trade or adoption.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A \"no-kill\" shelter is an animal shelter that does not kill healthy or treatable animals even when the shelter is full, reserving euthanasia for terminally ill animals or those considered dangerous to public safety.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A no-kill shelter uses many strategies to promote shelter animals; to expanding its resources using volunteers, housing and medical protocols; and to work actively to lower the number of homeless animals entering the shelter system.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A no-kill or limited admit shelter is a shelter that saves healthy, treatable and rehabilitatable animals.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ As a benchmark, at least 90% of the animals entering the shelter are expected to be saved.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ The Humane Society of the United States (HSUS), based in Washington, D.C., is an American nonprofit organization founded by journalist Fred Myers and Helen Jones, Larry Andrews, and Marcia Glaser in 1954, to address what they saw as animal-related cruelties of national scope, and to resolve animal welfare problems by applying strategies beyond the resources or abilities of local organizations.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ In 2013, the \"Chronicle of Philanthropy\" identified HSUS as the 136th largest charity in the United States in its Philanthropy 400 listing.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ As of 2001, the group's major campaigns targeted five issues: factory farming, animal fighting, the fur trade, puppy mills, and wildlife abuse.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ Dog fighting in the United States is an activity in which fights between two game dogs are staged as a form of entertainment and gambling.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ Such activity has existed since the early 19th century in the United States and was gradually prohibited in all states.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ It continues as an underground activity in both rural and urban locations.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ In the late 20th century, police and animal control law enforcement task forces of primarily local and state authorities were formed in many parts of the country to combat dog fighting rings to combat serious animal welfare violations with links to organized crime and social problems.", "Philippine Animal Welfare Society __knowledge__ The Philippine Animal Welfare Society (PAWS) is a volunteer-based, non-government organization whose goal is to prevent animal cruelty through education, animal sheltering and advocacy.", "Philippine Animal Welfare Society __knowledge__ PAWS believes that the creation of a more peaceful society starts with the widening of mankind’s circle of compassion which includes animals, thereby envisions a nation that respects animals, practices responsible pet ownership and protects wildlife.", "Philippine Animal Welfare Society __knowledge__ The volunteer-based organization rehabilitates these animals in the hope of finding them new homes and a second chance at a good life.", "Philippine Animal Welfare Society __knowledge__ PAWS does not take in pets of other people, only victims of cruelty or neglect where the animal offenders are charged with violation of the Animal Welfare Act in court.", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ Pet adoption is the process of taking responsibility for a pet that a previous owner has abandoned or released to a shelter or rescue organization.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ Common sources for adoptable pets are animal shelters and rescue groups.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ Some organizations give adopters ownership of the pet, while others use a guardianship model wherein the organization retains some control over the animal's future use or care.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ Also available is online pet adoption.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ These sites have databases of pets being housed by thousands of animal shelters and rescue groups, and are searchable by the public.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ They include Petfinder.org and Adopt-a-Pet.com.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ People deal with their unwanted pets in many ways.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ Some people have the pet euthanized (also known as \"putting it down\" or \"putting it to sleep\"), although many veterinarians do not consider this to be an ethical use of their resources for young and healthy animals, while others argue that euthanasia is a more humane option than leaving a pet in a cage for very long periods of time.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ Other people simply release the pet into the wild or otherwise abandon it, with the expectation that it will be able to take care of itself or that it will be found and adopted.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ More often, these pets succumb to hunger, weather, traffic, or common and treatable health problems.", "Animal rescue group __knowledge__ An animal rescue group or animal rescue organization is dedicated to pet adoption.", "Animal rescue group __knowledge__ These groups take unwanted, abandoned, abused, or stray pets and attempt to find suitable homes for them.", "Animal rescue group __knowledge__ Many rescue groups are created by and run by volunteers, who take the animals into their homes and care for them — including training, playing, handling medical issues, and solving behavior problems — until a suitable permanent home can be found.", "Animal rescue group __knowledge__ Rescue groups exist for most pet types (reptile rescue, \"rabbit rescue\" or \"bird rescue\"), but are most common for dogs and cats.", "Animal rescue group __knowledge__ For animals with many breeds, rescue groups may specialize in specific breeds or groups of breeds.", "RSPCA Australia __knowledge__ RSPCA Australia (Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals) is an Australian peak organisation established in 1981 to promote animal welfare.", "RSPCA Australia __knowledge__ Each state and territory of Australia has an RSPCA organisation that predates and is affiliated with RSPCA Australia.", "RSPCA Australia __knowledge__ The national body is funded in part by the Australian Government but relies on corporate sponsorship, fundraising events and voluntary donations for its income.", "RSPCA Australia __knowledge__ It describes itself as a \"federated organisation made up of the eight independent state and territory RSPCA Societies.\"", "RSPCA Australia __knowledge__ RSPCA Australia defines its purpose as being the leading authority in animal care and protection, and to prevent cruelty to animals by actively promoting their care and protection.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A \"no-kill\" shelter is an animal shelter that does not kill healthy or treatable animals even when the shelter is full, reserving euthanasia for terminally ill animals or those considered dangerous to public safety.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A no-kill shelter uses many strategies to promote shelter animals; to expanding its resources using volunteers, housing and medical protocols; and to work actively to lower the number of homeless animals entering the shelter system.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A no-kill or limited admit shelter is a shelter that saves healthy, treatable and rehabilitatable animals.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ As a benchmark, at least 90% of the animals entering the shelter are expected to be saved.", "Dogs Trust __knowledge__ Dogs Trust, formerly known as the National Canine Defence League, is an animal welfare charity and humane society in the United Kingdom which specialises in the well-being of dogs.", "Dogs Trust __knowledge__ The charity rehabilitates and finds new homes for dogs which have been abandoned or given up by their owners.", "Dogs Trust __knowledge__ People are encouraged to sponsor a dog for at least £1 a week, even if they are not able to rehome the dog.", "Dogs Trust __knowledge__ It also runs microchipping and neutering schemes in the United Kingdom and abroad, in order to reduce the number of unwanted litters of puppies and stray dogs euthanized by other organisations.", "Dogs Trust __knowledge__ Dogs Trust has 20 rehoming centres across the UK, and its first international rehoming centre opened in November 2009 in Dublin, Ireland.", "California Proposition 218 (1996) __knowledge__ Proposition 218 was an adopted initiative constitutional amendment in the state of California on the November 5, 1996 statewide election ballot.", "California Proposition 218 (1996) __knowledge__ Proposition 218 revolutionized local and regional government finance in California.", "California Proposition 218 (1996) __knowledge__ Called the “Right to Vote on Taxes Act,” Proposition 218 was sponsored by the Howard Jarvis Taxpayers Association as a constitutional follow-up to the landmark property tax revolt initiative constitutional amendment, Proposition 13, approved by California voters on June 6, 1978.", "California Proposition 218 (1996) __knowledge__ Proposition 218 was drafted by constitutional attorneys Jonathan Coupal and Jack Cohen.", "California Proposition 218 (1996) __knowledge__ Proposition 218 amended the California Constitution by adding Article XIII C and Article XIII D. Article XIII C relates to voter approval requirements for local government taxes.", "Search and rescue __knowledge__ Search and rescue (SAR) is the search for and provision of aid to people who are in distress or imminent danger.", "Search and rescue __knowledge__ The general field of search and rescue includes many specialty sub-fields, typically determined by the type of terrain the search is conducted over.", "Search and rescue __knowledge__ These include mountain rescue; ground search and rescue, including the use of search and rescue dogs; urban search and rescue in cities; combat search and rescue on the battlefield and air-sea rescue over water.", "Search and rescue __knowledge__ International Search and Rescue Advisory Group (INSARAG) is a UN organization that promotes the exchange of information between national urban search and rescue organizations.", "RSPCA NSW __knowledge__ RSPCA NSW is a not-for-profit charity operating in New South Wales, Australia that promotes animal welfare.", "RSPCA NSW __knowledge__ The idea behind the creation of an animal welfare charity in NSW has its roots in sentiments opposing the maltreatment of animals that were expressed by social reformers, clergy and politicians in Great Britain in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century.", "RSPCA NSW __knowledge__ Some early legislative efforts to ban practices such as bull-baiting in the English parliament were made in 1800 and 1809, the former effort led by William Johnstone Pulteney (1729-1805) and the latter by Lord Erskine (1750-1823) but the proposed Bills were defeated.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ The Humane Society of the United States (HSUS), based in Washington, D.C., is an American nonprofit organization founded by journalist Fred Myers and Helen Jones, Larry Andrews, and Marcia Glaser in 1954, to address what they saw as animal-related cruelties of national scope, and to resolve animal welfare problems by applying strategies beyond the resources or abilities of local organizations.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ In 2013, the \"Chronicle of Philanthropy\" identified HSUS as the 136th largest charity in the United States in its Philanthropy 400 listing.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ As of 2001, the group's major campaigns targeted five issues: factory farming, animal fighting, the fur trade, puppy mills, and wildlife abuse.", "Humane society __knowledge__ A humane society is a group that aims to stop human or animal suffering due to cruelty or other reasons.", "Humane society __knowledge__ In many countries, the term is used mostly for societies for the prevention of cruelty to animals (SPCA).", "Humane society __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, it may also be a society that provides a waterways rescue, prevention, and recovery service, or that gives awards for the saving of human life (see: Royal Humane Society).", "Humane society __knowledge__ The first Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (SPCA), based on the British Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA), was set up in Victoria in 1871.", "Humane society __knowledge__ This was followed by New South Wales in 1873; South Australia in 1875; Tasmania in 1878; Queensland in 1883; Western Australia in 1892; Australian Capital Territory in 1955 and Darwin in 1965.", "Joshua James (lifesaver) __knowledge__ Joshua James (November 22, 1826March 19, 1902) was an American sea captain and a U.S. Lifesaving Station keeper.", "Joshua James (lifesaver) __knowledge__ He was a famous and celebrated commander of civilian life-saving crews in the 19th century, credited with saving over 200 lives from the age of about 15 when he first associated himself with the Massachusetts Humane Society until his death at the age of 75 while on duty with the United States Life-Saving Service.", "Joshua James (lifesaver) __knowledge__ During his lifetime he was honored with the highest medals of the Humane Society and the United States.", "Joshua James (lifesaver) __knowledge__ His father, mother, brothers, wife, and son were also lifesavers in their own right.", "San Diego Humane Society __knowledge__ San Diego Humane Society and SPCA, is a non-profit organization in San Diego, California with three campuses in San Diego County.", "San Diego Humane Society __knowledge__ The organization's programs include; sheltering and adopting animals, investigating animal cruelty and neglect, rescuing animals in emergency situations, positive reinforcement behavior training through public training classes, providing adult and youth education programs, sharing animals through pet-assisted therapy and more.", "San Diego Humane Society __knowledge__ In Oceanside and Vista, the San Diego Humane Society North Campus provides animal control and stray pet services for the public.", "San Diego Humane Society __knowledge__ To promote the humane treatment of animals, to prevent cruelty to animals, and provide education to enhance the human-animal bond.", "American Humane Association __knowledge__ American Humane (AH) is an organization founded in 1877, committed to ensuring the safety, welfare and well-being of animals.", "American Humane Association __knowledge__ American Humane's leadership programs are first to serve in promoting and nurturing the bonds between animals and humans.", "American Humane Association __knowledge__ It was previously called the International Humane Association, before changing its name in 1878.", "American Humane Association __knowledge__ In 1940, it became the sole monitoring body for the humane treatment of animals on the sets of Hollywood films and other broadcast productions.", "American Humane Association __knowledge__ American Humane is best known for its trademarked certification \"No Animals Were Harmed\", which appears at the end of film or television credits." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ Pet adoption is the process of taking responsibility for a pet that a previous owner has abandoned or released to a shelter or rescue organization.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ Common sources for adoptable pets are animal shelters and rescue groups.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ Some organizations give adopters ownership of the pet, while others use a guardianship model wherein the organization retains some control over the animal's future use or care.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ Also available is online pet adoption.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ These sites have databases of pets being housed by thousands of animal shelters and rescue groups, and are searchable by the public.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ They include Petfinder.org and Adopt-a-Pet.com.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ People deal with their unwanted pets in many ways.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ Some people have the pet euthanized (also known as \"putting it down\" or \"putting it to sleep\"), although many veterinarians do not consider this to be an ethical use of their resources for young and healthy animals, while others argue that euthanasia is a more humane option than leaving a pet in a cage for very long periods of time.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ Other people simply release the pet into the wild or otherwise abandon it, with the expectation that it will be able to take care of itself or that it will be found and adopted.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ More often, these pets succumb to hunger, weather, traffic, or common and treatable health problems.", "Hurricane Katrina __knowledge__ Hurricane Katrina was an extremely destructive and deadly tropical cyclone that was one of the costliest natural disasters and one of the five deadliest hurricanes in the history of the United States.", "Hurricane Katrina __knowledge__ As Katrina made landfall, its front right quadrant, which held the strongest winds, slammed into Gulfport, Mississippi, devastating it.", "Hurricane Katrina __knowledge__ The storm originated over the Bahamas on August 23 from the interaction between a tropical wave and the remnants of Tropical Depression Ten.", "Hurricane Katrina __knowledge__ Early the following day, the new depression intensified into Tropical Storm Katrina.", "Hurricane Katrina __knowledge__ The cyclone headed generally westward toward Florida and strengthened into a hurricane only two hours before making landfall at Hallandale Beach and Aventura on August 25.", "Timeline of Hurricane Katrina __knowledge__ This article contains a historical timeline of the events of Hurricane Katrina on August 23, 2005 Tropical Depression Twelve formed a category 1 hurricane over the Bahamas at 5:00 p.m. EDT (2100 UTC) on August 23, 2005, partially from the remains of Tropical Depression Ten, which had dissipated due to the effects of a nearby upper trough.", "Timeline of Hurricane Katrina __knowledge__ While the normal standards for numbering tropical depressions in the Atlantic indicate that the old name/number is retained when a depression dissipates and regenerates, satellite data indicated that a second tropical wave combined with Tropical Depression Ten north of Puerto Rico to form a new, much more advanced system, which was then designated as Tropical Depression Twelve.", "Hurricane Katrina disaster relief __knowledge__ The disaster recovery response to Hurricane Katrina included federal government agencies such as the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), state and local-level agencies, federal and National Guard soldiers, non-governmental organizations, charities, and private individuals.", "Hurricane Katrina disaster relief __knowledge__ Tens of thousands of volunteers and troops responded or were deployed to the disaster - most in the affected area but also throughout the U.S. at shelters set up in at least 19 states.", "Hurricane Katrina disaster relief __knowledge__ Monetary donations were way below the records set by the tsunami and 9/11 relief efforts in the U.S.", "Hurricane Katrina disaster relief __knowledge__ In a reversal of usual positions, the U.S. received international aid and assistance from numerous countries.", "Federal Emergency Management Agency __knowledge__ The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) is an agency of the United States Department of Homeland Security, initially created by Presidential Reorganization Plan No.", "Federal Emergency Management Agency __knowledge__ 3 of 1978 and implemented by two Executive Orders on April 1, 1979.", "Federal Emergency Management Agency __knowledge__ The agency's primary purpose is to coordinate the response to a disaster that has occurred in the United States and that overwhelms the resources of local and state authorities.", "Federal Emergency Management Agency __knowledge__ The governor of the state in which the disaster occurs must declare a state of emergency and formally request from the president that FEMA and the federal government respond to the disaster.", "Criticism of government response to Hurricane Katrina __knowledge__ Criticism of the government response to Hurricane Katrina consisted primarily of condemnations of mismanagement and lack of preparation in the relief effort in response to Hurricane Katrina and its aftermath.", "Criticism of government response to Hurricane Katrina __knowledge__ Specifically, there was a delayed response to the flooding of New Orleans, Louisiana.", "Criticism of government response to Hurricane Katrina __knowledge__ (See Hurricane preparedness for New Orleans for criticism of the failure of Federal flood protection.)", "Criticism of government response to Hurricane Katrina __knowledge__ Within days of Katrina's August 29, 2005 landfall, public debate arose about the local, state and federal governments' role in the preparations for and response to the storm.", "Criticism of government response to Hurricane Katrina __knowledge__ Criticism was prompted largely by televised images of visibly shaken and frustrated political leaders, and of residents who remained in New Orleans without water, food or shelter and the deaths of several citizens by thirst, exhaustion, and violence, days after the storm itself had passed.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ This is a list of Pound Puppies characters from the television series that ran from 1986 to 1989.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ The animated children's show was based on the popular 1980's stuffed toy line.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ Cooler (Beagle/Bloodhound mix) – Cooler is the leader of the Pound Puppies.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ As his name would imply, Cooler has an outgoing and mellow personality and always keeps his head up even in the most daring situations.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ He also has a witty and sharp sense of humor compared to the other characters in the series, which is also backed up by his goofy Eddie Murphy-styled laugh.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ His battle cry is \"Pound Puppies, let's start pounding!\"", "Houston Independent School District __knowledge__ The Houston Independent School District (HISD) is the largest public school system in Texas, and the seventh-largest in the United States.", "Houston Independent School District __knowledge__ Houston ISD serves as a community school district for most of the city of Houston and several nearby and insular municipalities in addition to some unincorporated areas.", "Houston Independent School District __knowledge__ Like most districts in Texas it is independent of the city of Houston and all other municipal and county jurisdictions.", "Houston Independent School District __knowledge__ The district has its headquarters in the Hattie Mae White Educational Support Center in Houston.", "Houston Independent School District __knowledge__ In 2016, the school district was rated \"met standards\" by the Texas Education Agency.", "Animal rescue group __knowledge__ An animal rescue group or animal rescue organization is dedicated to pet adoption.", "Animal rescue group __knowledge__ These groups take unwanted, abandoned, abused, or stray pets and attempt to find suitable homes for them.", "Animal rescue group __knowledge__ Many rescue groups are created by and run by volunteers, who take the animals into their homes and care for them — including training, playing, handling medical issues, and solving behavior problems — until a suitable permanent home can be found.", "Animal rescue group __knowledge__ Rescue groups exist for most pet types (reptile rescue, \"rabbit rescue\" or \"bird rescue\"), but are most common for dogs and cats.", "Animal rescue group __knowledge__ For animals with many breeds, rescue groups may specialize in specific breeds or groups of breeds.", "RSPCA Australia __knowledge__ RSPCA Australia (Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals) is an Australian peak organisation established in 1981 to promote animal welfare.", "RSPCA Australia __knowledge__ Each state and territory of Australia has an RSPCA organisation that predates and is affiliated with RSPCA Australia.", "RSPCA Australia __knowledge__ The national body is funded in part by the Australian Government but relies on corporate sponsorship, fundraising events and voluntary donations for its income.", "RSPCA Australia __knowledge__ It describes itself as a \"federated organisation made up of the eight independent state and territory RSPCA Societies.\"", "RSPCA Australia __knowledge__ RSPCA Australia defines its purpose as being the leading authority in animal care and protection, and to prevent cruelty to animals by actively promoting their care and protection.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A \"no-kill\" shelter is an animal shelter that does not kill healthy or treatable animals even when the shelter is full, reserving euthanasia for terminally ill animals or those considered dangerous to public safety.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A no-kill shelter uses many strategies to promote shelter animals; to expanding its resources using volunteers, housing and medical protocols; and to work actively to lower the number of homeless animals entering the shelter system.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A no-kill or limited admit shelter is a shelter that saves healthy, treatable and rehabilitatable animals.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ As a benchmark, at least 90% of the animals entering the shelter are expected to be saved.", "RSPCA NSW __knowledge__ RSPCA NSW is a not-for-profit charity operating in New South Wales, Australia that promotes animal welfare.", "RSPCA NSW __knowledge__ The idea behind the creation of an animal welfare charity in NSW has its roots in sentiments opposing the maltreatment of animals that were expressed by social reformers, clergy and politicians in Great Britain in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century.", "RSPCA NSW __knowledge__ Some early legislative efforts to ban practices such as bull-baiting in the English parliament were made in 1800 and 1809, the former effort led by William Johnstone Pulteney (1729-1805) and the latter by Lord Erskine (1750-1823) but the proposed Bills were defeated.", "International Animal Rescue __knowledge__ International Animal Rescue, also known as IAR, is an animal welfare non-profit organization based in the United Kingdom that comes to the aid of wild and domestic animals with hands-on rescue and rehabilitation.", "International Animal Rescue __knowledge__ International Animal Rescue returns rehabilitated animals to the wild while also providing permanent sanctuary for those that cannot be released.", "International Animal Rescue __knowledge__ International Animal Rescue specializes in comprehensive sterilization and vaccination programs for stray dogs and cats, particularly in developing countries.", "International Animal Rescue __knowledge__ They also work to educate the public in the humane treatment of all animals.", "International Animal Rescue __knowledge__ International Animal Rescue has offices in the United Kingdom, United States, India, Indonesia, Malta and the Netherlands.", "Search and rescue __knowledge__ Search and rescue (SAR) is the search for and provision of aid to people who are in distress or imminent danger.", "Search and rescue __knowledge__ The general field of search and rescue includes many specialty sub-fields, typically determined by the type of terrain the search is conducted over.", "Search and rescue __knowledge__ These include mountain rescue; ground search and rescue, including the use of search and rescue dogs; urban search and rescue in cities; combat search and rescue on the battlefield and air-sea rescue over water.", "Search and rescue __knowledge__ International Search and Rescue Advisory Group (INSARAG) is a UN organization that promotes the exchange of information between national urban search and rescue organizations.", "Best Friends Animal Society __knowledge__ Best Friends Animal Society, founded in its present form in 1991, is an American nonprofit 501(c)(3) animal welfare organization.", "Best Friends Animal Society __knowledge__ Best Friends works nationwide in outreach programs with shelters, rescue groups and members to promote pet adoption, no-kill animal rescue, and spay-and-neuter practices.", "Best Friends Animal Society __knowledge__ The group originated in Arizona in 1971, developing from The Foundation Faith of the Millennium, a religious group formerly known as the Process Church of the Final Judgment.", "Best Friends Animal Society __knowledge__ The Foundation church relocated animals from its Arizona ranch to property in Kanab, Utah, in 1984.", "Best Friends Animal Society __knowledge__ In 1991, the church was renamed Best Friends Animal Sanctuary, which became a tax-exempt, nonprofit charity, and in 2003 renamed Best Friends Animal Society." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ Pet adoption is the process of taking responsibility for a pet that a previous owner has abandoned or released to a shelter or rescue organization.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ Common sources for adoptable pets are animal shelters and rescue groups.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ Some organizations give adopters ownership of the pet, while others use a guardianship model wherein the organization retains some control over the animal's future use or care.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ Also available is online pet adoption.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ These sites have databases of pets being housed by thousands of animal shelters and rescue groups, and are searchable by the public.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ They include Petfinder.org and Adopt-a-Pet.com.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ People deal with their unwanted pets in many ways.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ Some people have the pet euthanized (also known as \"putting it down\" or \"putting it to sleep\"), although many veterinarians do not consider this to be an ethical use of their resources for young and healthy animals, while others argue that euthanasia is a more humane option than leaving a pet in a cage for very long periods of time.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ Other people simply release the pet into the wild or otherwise abandon it, with the expectation that it will be able to take care of itself or that it will be found and adopted.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ More often, these pets succumb to hunger, weather, traffic, or common and treatable health problems.", "Animal hoarding __knowledge__ Animal hoarding is keeping a higher-than-usual number of animals as domestic pets without ability to properly house or care for them, while at the same time denying this inability.", "Animal hoarding __knowledge__ Compulsive hoarding can be characterized as a symptom of mental disorder rather than deliberate cruelty towards animals.", "Animal hoarding __knowledge__ Hoarders are deeply attached to their pets and find it extremely difficult to let the pets go.", "Animal hoarding __knowledge__ They typically cannot comprehend that they are harming their pets by failing to provide them with proper care.", "Animal hoarding __knowledge__ Hoarders tend to believe that they provide the right amount of care for them.", "Animal hoarding __knowledge__ The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals provides a \"Hoarding Prevention Team\", which works with hoarders to help them attain a manageable and healthy number of pets.", "Pet __knowledge__ A pet or companion animal is an animal kept primarily for a person's company, protection, or entertainment rather than as a working animal, livestock, or laboratory animal.", "Pet __knowledge__ Popular pets are often noted for their attractive appearances and their loyal or playful personalities.", "Pet __knowledge__ Pets provide their owners (or guardians) both physical and emotional benefits.", "Pet __knowledge__ Walking a dog can supply both the human and pet with exercise, fresh air, and social interaction.", "Pet __knowledge__ Pets can give companionship to elderly adults who do not have adequate social interaction with other people, as well as to other people who are living alone.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A \"no-kill\" shelter is an animal shelter that does not kill healthy or treatable animals even when the shelter is full, reserving euthanasia for terminally ill animals or those considered dangerous to public safety.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A no-kill shelter uses many strategies to promote shelter animals; to expanding its resources using volunteers, housing and medical protocols; and to work actively to lower the number of homeless animals entering the shelter system.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A no-kill or limited admit shelter is a shelter that saves healthy, treatable and rehabilitatable animals.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ As a benchmark, at least 90% of the animals entering the shelter are expected to be saved.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ The Humane Society of the United States (HSUS), based in Washington, D.C., is an American nonprofit organization founded by journalist Fred Myers and Helen Jones, Larry Andrews, and Marcia Glaser in 1954, to address what they saw as animal-related cruelties of national scope, and to resolve animal welfare problems by applying strategies beyond the resources or abilities of local organizations.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ In 2013, the \"Chronicle of Philanthropy\" identified HSUS as the 136th largest charity in the United States in its Philanthropy 400 listing.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ As of 2001, the group's major campaigns targeted five issues: factory farming, animal fighting, the fur trade, puppy mills, and wildlife abuse.", "Human __knowledge__ Modern humans (\"Homo sapiens\", ssp.", "Human __knowledge__ \"Homo sapiens sapiens\") are the only extant members of the subtribe Hominina, a branch of the tribe Hominini belonging to the family of great apes.", "Human __knowledge__ They are characterized by erect posture and bipedal locomotion; high manual dexterity and heavy tool use compared to other animals; and a general trend toward larger, more complex brains and societies.", "Human __knowledge__ Early hominins—particularly the australopithecines, whose brains and anatomy are in many ways more similar to ancestral non-human apes—are less often referred to as \"human\" than hominins of the genus \"Homo\".", "Human __knowledge__ Several of these hominins used fire, occupied much of Eurasia, and gave rise to anatomically modern \"Homo sapiens\" in Africa about 315,000 years ago.", "Men Among Animals __knowledge__ Men Among Animals is an experimental/pop group from Denmark.", "Men Among Animals __knowledge__ They are signed to German record label Tapete Records and known in Denmark for their energitic concerts.", "Men Among Animals __knowledge__ They have supported big acts like The Ruby Suns, Of Montreal, Dean & Britta and Apparat (musician).", "Men Among Animals __knowledge__ The five piece took their name \"Men Among Animals\" in 2006 after having played in a zoo in Montreal (Canada).", "Men Among Animals __knowledge__ Members of the band stated in an interview with Danish national paper Politiken that the only audience present at their concert in Montreal zoo was the animals living there.", "Men Among Animals __knowledge__ Afterwards they thought it natural to take the name \"Men Among Animals\".", "Best Friends Animal Society __knowledge__ Best Friends Animal Society, founded in its present form in 1991, is an American nonprofit 501(c)(3) animal welfare organization.", "Best Friends Animal Society __knowledge__ Best Friends works nationwide in outreach programs with shelters, rescue groups and members to promote pet adoption, no-kill animal rescue, and spay-and-neuter practices.", "Best Friends Animal Society __knowledge__ The group originated in Arizona in 1971, developing from The Foundation Faith of the Millennium, a religious group formerly known as the Process Church of the Final Judgment.", "Best Friends Animal Society __knowledge__ The Foundation church relocated animals from its Arizona ranch to property in Kanab, Utah, in 1984.", "Best Friends Animal Society __knowledge__ In 1991, the church was renamed Best Friends Animal Sanctuary, which became a tax-exempt, nonprofit charity, and in 2003 renamed Best Friends Animal Society.", "DogTown __knowledge__ DogTown is a National Geographic Channel series set at the Best Friends Animal Sanctuary, a animal facility in southern Utah.", "DogTown __knowledge__ It is a documentary-style program that profiles staff and volunteers as they care for dogs in need of homes.", "DogTown __knowledge__ Many animals featured are severely abused or neglected or in need of specialized medical treatment.", "DogTown __knowledge__ The goal is usually to secure each dog an adoptive home but if this is not possible, animals are cared for at the sanctuary for the remainder of their lives.", "DogTown __knowledge__ The show first aired on January 4, 2008, and continued for four seasons.", "DogTown __knowledge__ The final episode aired on March 12, 2010.", "Tabby's Place __knowledge__ Tabby's Place is a cat sanctuary situated in Ringoes, New Jersey, United States.", "Tabby's Place __knowledge__ Opened in 2003, it can house approximately 100 cats, which come primarily from high-volume public animal shelters where they have been scheduled to be killed.", "Tabby's Place __knowledge__ Opened in 2003, the inception of Tabby’s Place began with a stray brown tabby cat.", "Tabby's Place __knowledge__ Jonathan Rosenberg, then Chief Technology Officer at CNET, and his wife Sharon adopted this cat and named him \"Tabby.\"", "Tabby's Place __knowledge__ The Rosenbergs lost Tabby fifteen years later to untreatable squamous cell carcinoma.", "Tabby's Place __knowledge__ In honor of Tabby, Jonathan resigned from his job, cashed in his company stock options and invested more than US$2 million to create a new 501c-3 non-profit corporation called Tabby's Place.", "Olympic Animal Sanctuary __knowledge__ The now defunct Olympic Animal Sanctuary (OAS) was located in Forks, Washington.", "Olympic Animal Sanctuary __knowledge__ It was a 501(c)3 non-profit animal sanctuary, founded in 2006.", "Olympic Animal Sanctuary __knowledge__ The sanctuary's primary exempt purpose was, \"Prevention of cruelty to animals\".", "Olympic Animal Sanctuary __knowledge__ A Los Angeles Times article about the sanctuary, indicated some of the dogs were, \"the worst of the worst from around the country.\"", "Olympic Animal Sanctuary __knowledge__ A People Magazine article about Steve Markwell outlined the purpose of the sanctuary, referring to it as a, \"Last Chance for Bad Dogs.\"", "Olympic Animal Sanctuary __knowledge__ In December 2013, after allegations of animal abuse were made by former sanctuary volunteers and the sanctuary received negative publicity on television, Steve Markwell announced the sanctuary would be closing and he wanted to transfer the dogs to Best Friends Animal Society, in Utah.", "Katherine Heigl __knowledge__ Katherine Marie Heigl (; born November 24, 1978) is an American actress, film producer, and former fashion model.", "Katherine Heigl __knowledge__ She started her career as a child model with Wilhelmina Models before turning her attention to acting, making her film debut in \"That Night\" (1992) and later appearing in \"My Father the Hero\" (1994) as well as \"\" (1995).", "Katherine Heigl __knowledge__ Heigl then landed the role of Isabel Evans on The WB television series \"Roswell\" (1999–2002), for which she received nominations for Saturn and Teen Choice Awards.", "Katherine Heigl __knowledge__ From 2005 to 2010, Heigl starred as Izzie Stevens on the ABC television medical drama \"Grey's Anatomy\", a role which brought her significant recognition and accolades, including the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series in 2007.", "The Process Church of The Final Judgment __knowledge__ The Process Church of the Final Judgment, commonly known as the Process Church, was a religious group established in London in 1966.", "The Process Church of The Final Judgment __knowledge__ Its founders were the British couple Mary Ann MacLean and Robert de Grimston (also known as \"The Teacher,\" and Robert Moor) and it spread across parts of the United Kingdom and United States during the latter 1960s and 1970s.", "The Process Church of The Final Judgment __knowledge__ The Process Church was established by MacLean and Moor in London in 1966.", "The Process Church of The Final Judgment __knowledge__ The pair had met several years previously, when they were both members of the Church of Scientology.", "The Process Church of The Final Judgment __knowledge__ The duo were ejected from the Church in 1962 and married the following year.", "Ivory (wrestler) __knowledge__ Lisa Mary Moretti (born November 26, 1960) is an American retired professional wrestler.", "Ivory (wrestler) __knowledge__ She is best known for her time with World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE, previously the World Wrestling Federation) between 1999 and 2005 under the ring name Ivory.", "Ivory (wrestler) __knowledge__ Moretti began her career and first found national exposure in the independent promotion Gorgeous Ladies of Wrestling (GLOW), where she performed as Tina Ferrari from the mid-to-late-1980s.", "Ivory (wrestler) __knowledge__ Moretti debuted in the World Wrestling Federation in 1999 as the manager for D'Lo Brown & Mark Henry.", "Ivory (wrestler) __knowledge__ She won the WWE Women's Championship twice, before becoming a part of the villainous Right to Censor, a storyline stable of characters with harshly conservative sociopolitical views." ] ]

[ 2, 13, 72, 6 ]

[ "That is very nice, a shelter is a good place and there are actually rescue groups that you can call like the Humane Society.", "Well there are other animal rescue groups too, they all are mostly run by volunteers, but they are trained to handle medical problems and such.", "There is one called Best Friends Animal Society, it was originally a church but it became a charity in 2003, that might be another option as well.", "I agree, no matter the reason these animals deserve a second chance. Sites like Petfinder.org and Adopt-a-Pet.com are good places to look for these animals as well." ]

[ "Pet adoption", "Pet adoption", "Pet adoption", "Pet adoption" ]

[ "Education", "Yeah I think the whole idea of the education process has to be revamped as kids aren't motivated by it. What would be your preferred choice?", "Thats interesting, so you would seek to use technology as an aide to improving the learning process. Do you think that will motivate students in to performing better?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Education __knowledge__ Education is the process of facilitating learning, or the acquisition of knowledge, skills, values, beliefs, and habits.", "Education __knowledge__ Educational methods include storytelling, discussion, teaching, training, and directed research.", "Education __knowledge__ Education frequently takes place under the guidance of educators, but learners may also educate themselves.", "Education __knowledge__ Education can take place in formal or informal settings and any experience that has a formative effect on the way one thinks, feels, or acts may be considered educational.", "Education __knowledge__ The methodology of teaching is called pedagogy.", "Education __knowledge__ Education is commonly divided formally into such stages as preschool or kindergarten, primary school, secondary school and then college, university, or apprenticeship.", "Education __knowledge__ A right to education has been recognized by some governments and the United Nations.", "Education __knowledge__ In most regions, education is compulsory up to a certain age.", "Education __knowledge__ Etymologically, the word \"education\" is derived from the Latin \"ēducātiō\" (\"A breeding, a bringing up, a rearing\") from \"ēducō\" (\"I educate, I train\") which is related to the homonym \"ēdūcō\" (\"I lead forth, I take out; I raise up, I erect\") from \"ē-\" (\"from, out of\") and \"dūcō\" (\"I lead, I conduct\").", "Education __knowledge__ Education began in prehistory, as adults trained the young in the knowledge and skills deemed necessary in their society." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Education __knowledge__ Education is the process of facilitating learning, or the acquisition of knowledge, skills, values, beliefs, and habits.", "Education __knowledge__ Educational methods include storytelling, discussion, teaching, training, and directed research.", "Education __knowledge__ Education frequently takes place under the guidance of educators, but learners may also educate themselves.", "Education __knowledge__ Education can take place in formal or informal settings and any experience that has a formative effect on the way one thinks, feels, or acts may be considered educational.", "Education __knowledge__ The methodology of teaching is called pedagogy.", "Education __knowledge__ Education is commonly divided formally into such stages as preschool or kindergarten, primary school, secondary school and then college, university, or apprenticeship.", "Education __knowledge__ A right to education has been recognized by some governments and the United Nations.", "Education __knowledge__ In most regions, education is compulsory up to a certain age.", "Education __knowledge__ Etymologically, the word \"education\" is derived from the Latin \"ēducātiō\" (\"A breeding, a bringing up, a rearing\") from \"ēducō\" (\"I educate, I train\") which is related to the homonym \"ēdūcō\" (\"I lead forth, I take out; I raise up, I erect\") from \"ē-\" (\"from, out of\") and \"dūcō\" (\"I lead, I conduct\").", "Education __knowledge__ Education began in prehistory, as adults trained the young in the knowledge and skills deemed necessary in their society.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Steven Paul Jobs (; February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American entrepreneur, business magnate, inventor, and industrial designer.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was the chairman, chief executive officer (CEO), and co-founder of Apple Inc.; CEO and majority shareholder of Pixar; a member of The Walt Disney Company's board of directors following its acquisition of Pixar; and the founder, chairman, and CEO of NeXT.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Jobs and Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak are widely recognized as pioneers of the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was born in San Francisco to parents who had to put him up for adoption at birth; he was raised in the San Francisco Bay Area during the 1960s.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Hillary Clinton, the nominee of the Democratic Party for president of the United States in 2016, has taken positions on political issues while serving as First Lady of Arkansas (1979–81; 1983–92), First Lady of the United States (1993–2001); as U.S.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Senator from New York (2001–2009); and serving as the United States Secretary of State (2009–2013).", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In accordance with longstanding custom, during her time as Secretary of State she largely avoided taking stances on most domestic political issues.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In 2015, she announced her candidacy for the presidency.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Clinton won the Democratic primaries and formally became the party's nominee at the 2016 Democratic National Convention.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "South African labour law __knowledge__ South African labour law regulates the relationship between employers, employees and trade unions in the Republic of South Africa.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ The Native Labour Regulations Act 1911 prohibited strikes by trade unions, introduced wage ceilings and a pass system for moving around jobs.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Over 70,000 Chinese labourers were brought in, and used by landowners to undercut the wages of other workers.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Among white workers, there was significant unrest, and major strikes took place in 1907, 1913, 1914 and 1922 For a period of sixteen years, from 1979 to 1995, several critical developments occurred in the field of labour law in South Africa, beginning with a radical change in the first of these years, when a significant Commission of Enquiry was held, resulting in the establishment of an Industrial Court, which was given extensive powers to mould, change, shape and develop the law.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Dennis Michael Miller (born November 3, 1953) is an American stand-up comedian, talk show host, political commentator, sports commentator, actor, and television and radio personality.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He rose as a cast member of \"Saturday Night Live\" in 1985, and subsequently hosted a string of his own talk shows on HBO, CNBC, and in syndication.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ From 2007 to 2015, Miller hosted a daily, three-hour, self-titled talk radio program, nationally syndicated by Westwood One.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He is known for his critical assessments of current events, laced with pop culture references and delivered in an idiosyncratic verbal style.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Miller is listed as 21st on Comedy Central's 100 greatest stand up comedians of all time, and was ranked as the best host of SNL's \"Weekend Update\" by Vulture.com.", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ The 2010 \"Tonight Show\" conflict was a media and public relations conflict involving American television network NBC and two of its then-late-night talk show hosts, Conan O'Brien and Jay Leno.", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ Leno, the host of long-running franchise \"The Tonight Show\" since 1992, and O'Brien, host of \"Late Night\" since 1993, were strong ratings leaders for the network for much of the decade.", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ When O'Brien's contract neared its end and he was courted by other networks in 2001, NBC extended his contract and essentially guaranteed him he would be the fifth host of \"The Tonight Show\".", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ The network neglected to let Leno know this until his contract extension in 2004, when they informed him he would remain host for five more years and then transition the show to O'Brien in 2009.", "Educational technology __knowledge__ Educational technology is \"the study and ethical practice of facilitating learning and improving performance by creating, using, and managing appropriate technological processes and resources\".", "Educational technology __knowledge__ Educational technology is the use of both physical hardware and educational theoretics.", "Educational technology __knowledge__ It encompasses several domains, including learning theory, computer-based training, online learning, and, where mobile technologies are used, m-learning.", "Educational technology __knowledge__ Accordingly, there are several discrete aspects to describing the intellectual and technical development of educational technology: An educational technologist is someone who is trained in the field of educational technology.", "Artificial neural network __knowledge__ Artificial neural networks (ANNs) or connectionist systems are computing systems inspired by the biological neural networks that constitute animal brains.", "Artificial neural network __knowledge__ Such systems learn (progressively improve performance on) tasks by considering examples, generally without task-specific programming.", "Artificial neural network __knowledge__ For example, in image recognition, they might learn to identify images that contain cats by analyzing example images that have been manually labeled as \"cat\" or \"no cat\" and using the results to identify cats in other images.", "Artificial neural network __knowledge__ They do this without any a priori knowledge about cats, e.g., that they have fur, tails, whiskers and cat-like faces.", "Action learning __knowledge__ Action learning is an approach to solving real problems that involves taking action and reflecting upon the results, which helps improve the problem-solving process, as well as the solutions developed by the team.", "Action learning __knowledge__ The action learning process includes: In many, but not all, forms of action learning, a coach is included who is responsible for promoting and facilitating learning as well as encouraging the team to be self-managing.", "Action learning __knowledge__ In addition, the learning acquired by working on complex, critical, and urgent problems that have no currently acceptable solutions can be applied by individual, teams, and organizations to other situations.", "Instructional design __knowledge__ Instructional design (ID), or instructional systems design (ISD), is the practice of creating \"instructional experiences which make the acquisition of knowledge and skill more efficient, effective, and appealing.\"", "Instructional design __knowledge__ The process consists broadly of determining the state and needs of the learner, defining the end goal of instruction, and creating some \"intervention\" to assist in the transition.", "Instructional design __knowledge__ The outcome of this instruction may be directly observable and scientifically measured or completely hidden and assumed.", "Instructional design __knowledge__ There are many instructional design models but many are based on the ADDIE model with the five phases: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation.", "Computer-supported collaborative learning __knowledge__ Computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL) is a pedagogical approach where in learning takes place via social interaction using a computer or through the Internet.", "Computer-supported collaborative learning __knowledge__ This kind of learning is characterized by the sharing and construction of knowledge among participants using technology as their primary means of communication or as a common resource.", "Computer-supported collaborative learning __knowledge__ CSCL can be implemented in online and classroom learning environments and can take place synchronously or asynchronously.", "Computer-supported collaborative learning __knowledge__ The study of computer-supported collaborative learning draws on a number of academic disciplines, including instructional technology, educational psychology, sociology, cognitive psychology, and social psychology.", "Cooperative learning __knowledge__ Cooperative learning is an educational approach which aims to organize classroom activities into academic and social learning experiences.", "Cooperative learning __knowledge__ There is much more to cooperative learning than merely arranging students into groups, and it has been described as \"structuring positive interdependence.\"", "Cooperative learning __knowledge__ Students must work in groups to complete tasks collectively toward academic goals.", "Cooperative learning __knowledge__ Unlike individual learning, which can be competitive in nature, students learning cooperatively can capitalize on one another's resources and skills (asking one another for information, evaluating one another's ideas, monitoring one another's work, etc.)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Education __knowledge__ Education is the process of facilitating learning, or the acquisition of knowledge, skills, values, beliefs, and habits.", "Education __knowledge__ Educational methods include storytelling, discussion, teaching, training, and directed research.", "Education __knowledge__ Education frequently takes place under the guidance of educators, but learners may also educate themselves.", "Education __knowledge__ Education can take place in formal or informal settings and any experience that has a formative effect on the way one thinks, feels, or acts may be considered educational.", "Education __knowledge__ The methodology of teaching is called pedagogy.", "Education __knowledge__ Education is commonly divided formally into such stages as preschool or kindergarten, primary school, secondary school and then college, university, or apprenticeship.", "Education __knowledge__ A right to education has been recognized by some governments and the United Nations.", "Education __knowledge__ In most regions, education is compulsory up to a certain age.", "Education __knowledge__ Etymologically, the word \"education\" is derived from the Latin \"ēducātiō\" (\"A breeding, a bringing up, a rearing\") from \"ēducō\" (\"I educate, I train\") which is related to the homonym \"ēdūcō\" (\"I lead forth, I take out; I raise up, I erect\") from \"ē-\" (\"from, out of\") and \"dūcō\" (\"I lead, I conduct\").", "Education __knowledge__ Education began in prehistory, as adults trained the young in the knowledge and skills deemed necessary in their society.", "Gamification of learning __knowledge__ The gamification of learning is an educational approach to motivate students to learn by using video game design and game elements in learning environments.", "Gamification of learning __knowledge__ The goal is to maximize enjoyment and engagement through capturing the interest of learners and inspiring them to continue learning.", "Gamification of learning __knowledge__ Gamification, broadly defined, is the process of defining the elements which comprise games that make those games fun and motivate players to continue playing, and using those same elements in a non-game context to influence behaviour.", "Gamification of learning __knowledge__ Games applied in learning can be considered as serious games, where the learning experience is centred around serious stories.", "Educational technology __knowledge__ Educational technology is \"the study and ethical practice of facilitating learning and improving performance by creating, using, and managing appropriate technological processes and resources\".", "Educational technology __knowledge__ Educational technology is the use of both physical hardware and educational theoretics.", "Educational technology __knowledge__ It encompasses several domains, including learning theory, computer-based training, online learning, and, where mobile technologies are used, m-learning.", "Educational technology __knowledge__ Accordingly, there are several discrete aspects to describing the intellectual and technical development of educational technology: An educational technologist is someone who is trained in the field of educational technology.", "Information and communication technologies for development __knowledge__ Information and communication technologies for development (ICT4D) refers to the application of information and communication technologies (ICT) toward social, economic, and political development, with a particular emphasis on helping poor and marginalized people and communities.", "Information and communication technologies for development __knowledge__ It aims to help in international development by bridging the digital divide and providing equitable access to technologies.", "Information and communication technologies for development __knowledge__ ICT4D is grounded in the notions of \"development\", \"growth\", \"progress\" and \"globalization\" and is often interpreted as the use of technology to deliver a greater good.", "Information and communication technologies for development __knowledge__ Another similar term used in the literature is \"digital development\".", "Computer-supported collaborative learning __knowledge__ Computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL) is a pedagogical approach where in learning takes place via social interaction using a computer or through the Internet.", "Computer-supported collaborative learning __knowledge__ This kind of learning is characterized by the sharing and construction of knowledge among participants using technology as their primary means of communication or as a common resource.", "Computer-supported collaborative learning __knowledge__ CSCL can be implemented in online and classroom learning environments and can take place synchronously or asynchronously.", "Computer-supported collaborative learning __knowledge__ The study of computer-supported collaborative learning draws on a number of academic disciplines, including instructional technology, educational psychology, sociology, cognitive psychology, and social psychology.", "Problem-based learning __knowledge__ Problem-based learning (PBL) is a student-centered pedagogy in which students learn about a subject through the experience of solving an open-ended problem found in trigger material.", "Problem-based learning __knowledge__ The PBL process does not focus on problem solving with a defined solution, but it allows for the development of other desirable skills and attributes.", "Problem-based learning __knowledge__ This includes knowledge acquisition, enhanced group collaboration and communication.", "Problem-based learning __knowledge__ The PBL process was developed for medical education and has since been broadened in applications for other programs of learning.", "Problem-based learning __knowledge__ The process allows for learners to develop skills used for their future practice.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ Education in the United States is provided by public, private and home schools.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ State governments set overall educational standards, often mandate standardized tests for K–12 public school systems and supervise, usually through a board of regents, state colleges and universities.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ Funding comes from the state, local, and federal government.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ Private schools are generally free to determine their own curriculum and staffing policies, with voluntary accreditation available through independent regional accreditation authorities, although some state regulation can apply.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ In 2013, about 87% of school-age children (those below higher education) attended state funded public schools, about 10% attended tuition- and foundation-funded private schools and roughly 3% were home-schooled.", "Motivation __knowledge__ Motivation is the reason for people's actions, desires, and needs.", "Motivation __knowledge__ Motivation is also one's direction to behavior, or what causes a person to want to repeat a behavior.", "Motivation __knowledge__ A motive is what prompts the person to act in a certain way, or at least develop an inclination for specific behavior.", "Motivation __knowledge__ According to Maehr and Meyer, \"Motivation is a word that is part of the popular culture as few other psychological concepts are.\"", "Motivation __knowledge__ Motivation theories can be classified on a number of bases: Motivation as a desire to perform an action is usually defined as having two parts, directional such as directed towards a positive stimulus or away from a negative one, as well as the activated \"seeking phase\" and consummatory \"liking phase\".", "List of master's degrees in North America __knowledge__ This list refers to specific master's degrees in North America.", "List of master's degrees in North America __knowledge__ Please see master's degree for a more general overview.", "List of master's degrees in North America __knowledge__ Master of Accountancy (MAcc, MAc, MAcy or MPAcc), alternatively Master of Professional Accountancy (MPAcy or MPA), or Master Science in Accountancy (MSAcy) is typically a one-year, non-thesis graduate program designed to prepare graduates for public accounting and to provide them with the 150 credit hours required by most states before taking the CPA exam.", "List of master's degrees in North America __knowledge__ Master of Accounting (MAcc) is an 8-month degree offered by the University of Waterloo, School of Accounting and Finance in Canada that satisfies the 51 credit hours and CKE exam requirement needed to write the Chartered Accountant Uniform Final Exam (UFE) in the province of Ontario.", "Instructional design __knowledge__ Instructional design (ID), or instructional systems design (ISD), is the practice of creating \"instructional experiences which make the acquisition of knowledge and skill more efficient, effective, and appealing.\"", "Instructional design __knowledge__ The process consists broadly of determining the state and needs of the learner, defining the end goal of instruction, and creating some \"intervention\" to assist in the transition.", "Instructional design __knowledge__ The outcome of this instruction may be directly observable and scientifically measured or completely hidden and assumed.", "Instructional design __knowledge__ There are many instructional design models but many are based on the ADDIE model with the five phases: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation.", "Technology integration __knowledge__ Technology integration is the use of technology tools in general content areas in education in order to allow students to apply computer and technology skills to learning and problem-solving.", "Technology integration __knowledge__ Generally speaking, the curriculum drives the use of technology and not vice versa.", "Technology integration __knowledge__ Technology integration is defined as the use of technology to enhance and support the educational environment.", "Technology integration __knowledge__ Technology integration in the classroom can also support classroom instruction by creating opportunities for students to complete assignments on the computer rather than the normal pencil and paper.", "Technology integration __knowledge__ Technology integration in class would help students to explore more.", "Development communication __knowledge__ Development communication refers to the use of communication to facilitate social development.", "Development communication __knowledge__ Development communication engages stakeholders and policy makers, establishes conducive environments, assesses risks and opportunities and promotes information exchanges to bring about positive social change via sustainable development.", "Development communication __knowledge__ Development communication techniques include information dissemination and education, behavior change, social marketing, social mobilization, media advocacy, communication for social change and community participation.", "Development communication __knowledge__ Development communication has been labeled the \"Fifth Theory of the Press\", with \"social transformation and development\", and \"the fulfillment of basic needs\" as its primary purposes.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ Ethnomusicology is the study of music from the cultural and social aspects of the people who make it.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ It encompasses distinct theoretical and methodical approaches that emphasize cultural, social, material, cognitive, biological, and other dimensions or contexts of musical behavior, instead of only its isolated sound component.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ The term \"ethnomusicology\" is said to have been first coined by Jaap Kunst from the Greek words ἔθνος (\"ethnos\", \"nation\") and μουσική (\"mousike\", \"music\"), is often defined as the anthropology or ethnography of music, or as musical anthropology.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ During its early development from comparative musicology in the 1950s, ethnomusicology was primarily oriented toward non-Western music, but for several decades has included the study of all and any musics of the world (including Western art music and popular music) from anthropological, sociological and intercultural perspectives." ] ]

[ 1, 42, 16 ]

[ "i am dissatisfied with the school life i have had so far. I just hate the process of facilitating learning i went through", "I think they should apply more Educational technology which will be a study and ethical practice of facilitating learning and improving performance by creating, using, and managing appropriate technological processes and resources", "Of course yes, it is a diversified use of both physical hardware and educational theoretics. That will go a long way in helping the students " ]

[ "Education", "Education", "Education" ]

[ "Taco\nI love tacos!", "beef fajita tacos are my favorite!", "Flour tortillas, always!", "with some dishes corn is good, but i usually save my corn tortillas for my chips", "thats true" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco is a traditional Mexican dish composed of a corn or wheat tortilla folded or rolled around a filling.", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco can be made with a variety of fillings, including beef, pork, chicken, seafood, vegetables, and cheese, allowing for great versatility and variety.", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco is generally eaten without utensils and is often accompanied by garnishes such as salsa, chili pepper, avocado, guacamole, cilantro (coriander), tomatoes, onions, and lettuce.", "Taco __knowledge__ The origins of the taco are not precisely known, and etymologies for the culinary usage of the word are generally theoretical.", "Taco __knowledge__ According to the Real Academia Española, publisher of \"Diccionario de la Lengua Española\", the word \"taco\" describes a typical Mexican dish of a maize tortilla folded around food.", "Taco __knowledge__ This meaning of the Spanish word \"taco\" is a Mexican innovation, but in other dialects \"taco\" is used to mean \"wedge; wad, plug; billiard cue; blowpipe; ramrod; short, stocky person; [or] short, thick piece of wood.\"", "Taco __knowledge__ As used in this non-culinary way, the word \"taco\" has cognates in other European languages, including the French word \"tache\" and the English word \"tack (nail).\"", "Taco __knowledge__ According to one etymological theory, the culinary meaning of \"taco\" derives from its \"plug\" meaning as employed among Mexican silver miners, who used explosive charges in plug form consisting of a paper wrapper and gunpowder filling.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Mexican street food, called \"antojitos\" (literally \"little cravings\"), is prepared by street vendors and at small traditional markets in that country.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Street foods include tacos, tamales, gorditas, quesadillas, empalmes, tostadas, chalupa, elote, tlayudas, cemita, pambazo, empanada, nachos, chilaquiles，fajita and tortas, as well as fresh fruit, vegetables, beverages and soups (menudo, pozole and pancita).", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Most are available in the morning and the evening, as mid-afternoon is the time for the main formal meal of the day.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Mexico has one of the most extensive street food cultures in Latin America, and \"Forbes\" named Mexico City as one of the foremost cities on the world in which to eat on the street.", "Chico's Tacos __knowledge__ Chico's Tacos is a small local restaurant chain based in El Paso, Texas.", "Chico's Tacos __knowledge__ It was founded on July 4, 1953 by local boxing promoter Joe Mora.", "Chico's Tacos __knowledge__ Long considered a local institution in El Paso, it is perhaps the city's best-known restaurant, having been featured in the Food Network show, \"The Best Thing I Ever Ate\".", "Chico's Tacos __knowledge__ It was also a topic of the Gabriel Iglesias stand up act, \"I'm not Fat...", "Chico's Tacos __knowledge__ I'm Fluffy\".", "Chico's Tacos __knowledge__ Chico's has entered into local legend for its rolled tacos in a special tomato soup-like sauce, as well as its low prices.", "Chico's Tacos __knowledge__ Other items on the menu include hamburgers, French fries, grilled cheese sandwiches (or as Chicos Tacos employees often refer to them as \"grillos\"), and special round hot dogs served on hamburger buns.", "Taco stand __knowledge__ A taco stand or taqueria is a food stall, food cart or restaurant that specializes in tacos and other Mexican dishes.", "Taco stand __knowledge__ The food is typically prepared quickly and tends to be inexpensive.", "Taco stand __knowledge__ Many various ingredients may be used, and various taco styles may be served.", "Taco stand __knowledge__ Taco stands are an integral part of Mexican street food.", "Taco stand __knowledge__ Tacos became a part of traditional Mexican cuisine in the early 20th Century, beginning in Mexico City, as what had been a miner's snack began to be sold on street corners in the city.", "Taco stand __knowledge__ Shops selling tacos have since proliferated throughout Mexico and other areas with a heavy Mexican culinary and cultural influence, including much of the Western United States and most other larger American cities.", "Ricky's Tacos __knowledge__ \"Ricky's Tacos\" is the seventh episode of the American television police procedural supernatural drama \"Awake\".", "Ricky's Tacos __knowledge__ It originally aired on NBC on April 12, 2012.", "Ricky's Tacos __knowledge__ The teleplay of the episode was written by executive producer Howard Gordon and Evan Katz, from a story by series creator Kyle Killen; the episode was directed by Adam Davidson.", "Ricky's Tacos __knowledge__ \"Ricky's Tacos\" earned a Nielsen rating of 0.9, being watched by 2.68 million viewers in its initial broadcast.", "Ricky's Tacos __knowledge__ The episode has generally received positive reviews, with critics commenting on its storylines.", "Ricky's Tacos __knowledge__ The show centers on Michael Britten (Jason Isaacs), a detective living in two separate realities after a car accident.", "Don Chow Tacos __knowledge__ Don Chow Tacos is a Chinese-Mexican fusion food truck based in Los Angeles, California.", "Don Chow Tacos __knowledge__ A veteran in the food truck industry, Don Chow was founded on April 22, 2009 by Dominic Lau and Lawrence Lie.", "Don Chow Tacos __knowledge__ Their motto, “Where Chino meets Latino”, represents the pair’s Chinese heritage, (represented by the truck’s logo, a depiction of the traditional Chinese guardian lion), and the Hispanic influences that had been constant in their lives as they grew up in LA.", "Don Chow Tacos __knowledge__ Don Chow Tacos ceased operations on February 16, 2015.", "Don Chow Tacos __knowledge__ Don Chow has appeared on the Food Network's \"Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\", as well NBC and KTLA.", "Taco Bell __knowledge__ Taco Bell is an American chain of fast food restaurants based out of Irvine, California and a subsidiary of Yum!", "Taco Bell __knowledge__ Brands, Inc.", "Taco Bell __knowledge__ The restaurants serve a variety of Tex-Mex foods that include tacos, burritos, quesadillas, nachos, novelty and specialty items, and a variety of \"value menu\" items.", "Taco Bell __knowledge__ , Taco Bell serves more than 2 billion customers each year at 7,000 restaurants, more than 80 percent of which are owned and operated by independent franchisees and licensees.", "Taco Bell __knowledge__ Taco Bell was founded by Glen Bell, who first opened a hot dog stand called Bell's Drive-In in San Bernardino, California in 1946 when he was 23 years old." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco is a traditional Mexican dish composed of a corn or wheat tortilla folded or rolled around a filling.", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco can be made with a variety of fillings, including beef, pork, chicken, seafood, vegetables, and cheese, allowing for great versatility and variety.", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco is generally eaten without utensils and is often accompanied by garnishes such as salsa, chili pepper, avocado, guacamole, cilantro (coriander), tomatoes, onions, and lettuce.", "Taco __knowledge__ The origins of the taco are not precisely known, and etymologies for the culinary usage of the word are generally theoretical.", "Taco __knowledge__ According to the Real Academia Española, publisher of \"Diccionario de la Lengua Española\", the word \"taco\" describes a typical Mexican dish of a maize tortilla folded around food.", "Taco __knowledge__ This meaning of the Spanish word \"taco\" is a Mexican innovation, but in other dialects \"taco\" is used to mean \"wedge; wad, plug; billiard cue; blowpipe; ramrod; short, stocky person; [or] short, thick piece of wood.\"", "Taco __knowledge__ As used in this non-culinary way, the word \"taco\" has cognates in other European languages, including the French word \"tache\" and the English word \"tack (nail).\"", "Taco __knowledge__ According to one etymological theory, the culinary meaning of \"taco\" derives from its \"plug\" meaning as employed among Mexican silver miners, who used explosive charges in plug form consisting of a paper wrapper and gunpowder filling.", "Arby's __knowledge__ Arby's Restaurant Group, Inc. (), or simply Arby's, is the second-largest quick-service fast-food sandwich restaurant chain in America in terms of units with more than 3,300 restaurants system wide and third in terms of revenue.", "Arby's __knowledge__ In October 2017, \"Food & Wine\" called Arby's \"America's second largest sandwich chain (after Subway)\".", "Arby's __knowledge__ Roark Capital Group acquired the company in July 2011 and owns 81.5% of the company, with The Wendy's Company owning the other 18.5%.", "Arby's __knowledge__ In addition to its classic Roast Beef and Beef 'n Cheddar sandwiches, Arby's products also include deli-style Market Fresh line of sandwiches, Curly Fries and Jamocha Shakes.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Mexican street food, called \"antojitos\" (literally \"little cravings\"), is prepared by street vendors and at small traditional markets in that country.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Street foods include tacos, tamales, gorditas, quesadillas, empalmes, tostadas, chalupa, elote, tlayudas, cemita, pambazo, empanada, nachos, chilaquiles，fajita and tortas, as well as fresh fruit, vegetables, beverages and soups (menudo, pozole and pancita).", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Most are available in the morning and the evening, as mid-afternoon is the time for the main formal meal of the day.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Mexico has one of the most extensive street food cultures in Latin America, and \"Forbes\" named Mexico City as one of the foremost cities on the world in which to eat on the street.", "Fajita __knowledge__ A fajita (; ) in Tex-Mex cuisine is any grilled meat usually served as a taco on a flour or corn tortilla.", "Fajita __knowledge__ The term originally referred to the cut of beef used in the dish which is known as skirt steak.", "Fajita __knowledge__ Popular meats today also include chicken, pork, shrimp, lamb, salmon, and all other cuts of beef, as well as vegetables instead of meat.", "Fajita __knowledge__ In restaurants, the meat is usually cooked with onions and bell peppers.", "Fajita __knowledge__ Popular condiments are shredded lettuce, sour cream, guacamole, salsa, pico de gallo, shredded cheese, refried beans, and diced tomatoes.", "Fajita __knowledge__ The northern Mexican variant of the dish name is Arrachera.", "Sincronizada __knowledge__ In traditional Mexican cuisine, the quesadilla sincronizada (, \"synchronized quesadilla\") is a tortilla-based sandwich made by placing ham and sometimes refried beans and chorizo and a portion of Oaxaca cheese (or any type of cheese) between two corn tortillas.", "Sincronizada __knowledge__ They are then grilled or even lightly fried until the cheese melts and the tortillas become crispy, cut into halves or wedges and served, usually with salsa and pico de gallo, avocado or guacamole on top and/or other toppings or condiments.", "Sincronizada __knowledge__ In some American Tex-Mex eateries, such as Taco Bell, some quesadillas and/or sincronizadas may include chicken fajita meat.", "Ninfa's __knowledge__ The Original Ninfa's on Navigation is a popular Mexican restaurant located at 2704 Navigation Boulevard in Houston, Texas.", "Ninfa's __knowledge__ The restaurant serves both Tex-Mex and Mexican cuisine.", "Ninfa's __knowledge__ The Original Ninfa's was started by Ninfa Rodríguez Laurenzo, a Mexican-American woman, in a tortilla factory.", "Ninfa's __knowledge__ Ninfa Laurenzo became a full-time restaurateur and the tortilla factory closed.", "Ninfa's __knowledge__ Mama Ninfa is widely credited with popularizing the fajita among Houstonians.", "Ninfa's __knowledge__ Dai Huynh of the \"Houston Chronicle\" said that the Ninfa's locations opened after the first two restaurants \"failed to attract the following of earlier restaurants.\"", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ Mexican cuisine began 9,000 years ago, 7,000 BCE, when agricultural communities such as the Maya formed, domesticating maize, creating the standard process of corn nixtamalization, and establishing their foodways.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ Successive waves of other Mesoamerican groups, including the Olmec, Teotihuacanos, Toltec, Huastec, Zapotec, Mixtec, Otomi, and Purépecha, brought with them their own cooking methods.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ The Mexica establishment of the Aztec Empire created a multi-ethnic society where many different foodways became infused.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ The staples are native foods, such as corn, beans, squash, amaranth, chia, avocados, tomatoes, tomatillos, chocolate, vanilla, agave, turkey, sweet potato, cactus, and chili pepper.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ The following is a list of episodes for the reality television series \"The Great Food Truck Race\" on Food Network.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ There are seven truck teams competing in the race for a grand prize of $50,000.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Each truck team consists of a driver and two crew members who must staff the truck and are responsible for cooking, shopping, orders and publicity.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Every week they start off with no food to make things fair for all the teams who must make do with whatever cash Tyler Florence provides (seed money) at the start of each episode, in each new city.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ The trucks all convene in Los Angeles.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Austin Daily Press – This team from Austin, Texas serves hot, grilled sandwiches.", "Taco stand __knowledge__ A taco stand or taqueria is a food stall, food cart or restaurant that specializes in tacos and other Mexican dishes.", "Taco stand __knowledge__ The food is typically prepared quickly and tends to be inexpensive.", "Taco stand __knowledge__ Many various ingredients may be used, and various taco styles may be served.", "Taco stand __knowledge__ Taco stands are an integral part of Mexican street food.", "Taco stand __knowledge__ Tacos became a part of traditional Mexican cuisine in the early 20th Century, beginning in Mexico City, as what had been a miner's snack began to be sold on street corners in the city.", "Taco stand __knowledge__ Shops selling tacos have since proliferated throughout Mexico and other areas with a heavy Mexican culinary and cultural influence, including much of the Western United States and most other larger American cities.", "Chino's Rock & Tacos __knowledge__ Chino's Rock & Tacos or Viva Enterprises, LLC, a California-based company serves contemporary Mexican food in the fast-casual segment of the restaurant industry.", "Chino's Rock & Tacos __knowledge__ The company was founded in July 2006 and has opened three successful restaurants to date.", "Chino's Rock & Tacos __knowledge__ The ambiance is a fusion of Rock & Roll and Mexican themes.", "Chino's Rock & Tacos __knowledge__ Chino's Rock & Tacos was founded by Javier Cadena on July 3, 2006 in San Luis Obispo, California.", "Chino's Rock & Tacos __knowledge__ The restaurant is a fusion of Javier's two passions; fresh Mexican food and Rock & Roll.", "Chino's Rock & Tacos __knowledge__ Javier is a third generation restaurateur.", "Chino's Rock & Tacos __knowledge__ His family started selling Mexican food in Santa Barbara, CA in February 1966.", "Culture of the United States __knowledge__ The culture of the United States of America is primarily Western, but is influenced by African, Native American, Asian, Polynesian, and Latin American cultures.", "Culture of the United States __knowledge__ It also has its own social and cultural characteristics, such as dialect, music, arts, social habits, cuisine, and folklore.", "Culture of the United States __knowledge__ The United States of America is an ethnically and racially diverse country as a result of large-scale migration from many countries throughout its history.", "Culture of the United States __knowledge__ Many American cultural elements, especially from popular culture, have spread across the globe through modern mass media.", "Culture of the United States __knowledge__ America stands as the most prominent cultural force today.", "Don Chow Tacos __knowledge__ Don Chow Tacos is a Chinese-Mexican fusion food truck based in Los Angeles, California.", "Don Chow Tacos __knowledge__ A veteran in the food truck industry, Don Chow was founded on April 22, 2009 by Dominic Lau and Lawrence Lie.", "Don Chow Tacos __knowledge__ Their motto, “Where Chino meets Latino”, represents the pair’s Chinese heritage, (represented by the truck’s logo, a depiction of the traditional Chinese guardian lion), and the Hispanic influences that had been constant in their lives as they grew up in LA.", "Don Chow Tacos __knowledge__ Don Chow Tacos ceased operations on February 16, 2015.", "Don Chow Tacos __knowledge__ Don Chow has appeared on the Food Network's \"Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\", as well NBC and KTLA." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco is a traditional Mexican dish composed of a corn or wheat tortilla folded or rolled around a filling.", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco can be made with a variety of fillings, including beef, pork, chicken, seafood, vegetables, and cheese, allowing for great versatility and variety.", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco is generally eaten without utensils and is often accompanied by garnishes such as salsa, chili pepper, avocado, guacamole, cilantro (coriander), tomatoes, onions, and lettuce.", "Taco __knowledge__ The origins of the taco are not precisely known, and etymologies for the culinary usage of the word are generally theoretical.", "Taco __knowledge__ According to the Real Academia Española, publisher of \"Diccionario de la Lengua Española\", the word \"taco\" describes a typical Mexican dish of a maize tortilla folded around food.", "Taco __knowledge__ This meaning of the Spanish word \"taco\" is a Mexican innovation, but in other dialects \"taco\" is used to mean \"wedge; wad, plug; billiard cue; blowpipe; ramrod; short, stocky person; [or] short, thick piece of wood.\"", "Taco __knowledge__ As used in this non-culinary way, the word \"taco\" has cognates in other European languages, including the French word \"tache\" and the English word \"tack (nail).\"", "Taco __knowledge__ According to one etymological theory, the culinary meaning of \"taco\" derives from its \"plug\" meaning as employed among Mexican silver miners, who used explosive charges in plug form consisting of a paper wrapper and gunpowder filling.", "Wheat tortilla __knowledge__ A flour tortilla (, ; or wheat tortilla to differentiate it from other uses of the word \"tortilla\", which in Spanish means \"small \"torta\"\", or \"small cake\") is a type of soft, thin flatbread made from finely ground wheat flour from Mexico.", "Wheat tortilla __knowledge__ The wheat flour tortilla was originally derived from the corn tortilla, a bread of maize which predates the arrival of Europeans to the Americas.", "Wheat tortilla __knowledge__ It is made with an unleavened, water based dough, pressed and cooked like corn tortillas.", "Wheat tortilla __knowledge__ In Spanish the word \"tortilla\", without qualification, has different meanings in different regions.", "Wheat tortilla __knowledge__ In Spain it is an omelette; in Mexico and Central America it is a corn tortilla; and in many other places a flour tortilla.", "Corn tortilla __knowledge__ In North America and Central America, a tortilla is a type of thin, unleavened flatbread, made from finely ground maize (corn).", "Corn tortilla __knowledge__ In Guatemala and Mexico, there are three colors of maize dough for making tortillas: white maize, yellow maize and blue maize (or black maize).", "Corn tortilla __knowledge__ A similar bread from South America, called \"arepa\" (though \"arepas\" are typically much thicker than tortillas), predates the arrival of Europeans to America, and was called \"tortilla\" by the Spanish from its resemblance to the traditional Spanish round, unleavened cakes and omelettes (originally made without potatoes, which are native to South America).", "Burrito __knowledge__ A burrito (, ) is a dish in Mexican and Tex-Mex cuisine that consists of a large wheat tortilla with various fillings.", "Burrito __knowledge__ It is wrapped into a closed-ended cylinder, in contrast to a taco, where the tortilla is simply folded around the fillings.", "Burrito __knowledge__ The tortilla is sometimes lightly grilled or steamed to soften it, make it more pliable, and allow it to adhere to itself when wrapped.", "Burrito __knowledge__ A wet burrito is covered in sauce and therefore cannot be picked up.", "Burrito __knowledge__ In Mexico, meat and refried beans are frequently the only fillings.", "Burrito __knowledge__ In the United States, however, burrito fillings may include a combination of ingredients such as Mexican-style rice or plain rice, boiled beans or refried beans, lettuce, salsa, meat, guacamole, cheese, sour cream and various vegetables.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ Mexican cuisine began 9,000 years ago, 7,000 BCE, when agricultural communities such as the Maya formed, domesticating maize, creating the standard process of corn nixtamalization, and establishing their foodways.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ Successive waves of other Mesoamerican groups, including the Olmec, Teotihuacanos, Toltec, Huastec, Zapotec, Mixtec, Otomi, and Purépecha, brought with them their own cooking methods.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ The Mexica establishment of the Aztec Empire created a multi-ethnic society where many different foodways became infused.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ The staples are native foods, such as corn, beans, squash, amaranth, chia, avocados, tomatoes, tomatillos, chocolate, vanilla, agave, turkey, sweet potato, cactus, and chili pepper.", "Quesadilla __knowledge__ A Quesadilla (; ) is a tortilla, usually a flour tortilla but also sometimes made with a corn tortilla, which is filled with cheese and then grilled.", "Quesadilla __knowledge__ Other items, such as a savoury mixture of spices or vegetables, are often added, then they are cooked on a griddle.", "Quesadilla __knowledge__ A full quesadilla involves two tortillas filled with cheese and stacked on top of each other.", "Quesadilla __knowledge__ Halves are a single tortilla filled with cheese and folded into a half-moon shape.", "Quesadilla __knowledge__ The quesadilla has its origins in colonial Mexico.", "Quesadilla __knowledge__ The quesadilla as a food has changed and evolved over many years as people experimented with different variations of it.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Mexican street food, called \"antojitos\" (literally \"little cravings\"), is prepared by street vendors and at small traditional markets in that country.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Street foods include tacos, tamales, gorditas, quesadillas, empalmes, tostadas, chalupa, elote, tlayudas, cemita, pambazo, empanada, nachos, chilaquiles，fajita and tortas, as well as fresh fruit, vegetables, beverages and soups (menudo, pozole and pancita).", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Most are available in the morning and the evening, as mid-afternoon is the time for the main formal meal of the day.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Mexico has one of the most extensive street food cultures in Latin America, and \"Forbes\" named Mexico City as one of the foremost cities on the world in which to eat on the street.", "Gringas __knowledge__ Gringas (, feminine form of \"gringo\") are a variety of tacos which uses as a base a quesadilla, consisting of a flour tortilla filled with cheese (quesadilla), \"al pastor\" meat (marinated pork) and pineapple slices.", "Gringas __knowledge__ This is then grilled in the same manner as a quesadilla.", "Gringas __knowledge__ Some say the name appears to come from the dark spots that appear on the white surface of flour tortillas when heated, that resemble freckles on white skin, a \"gringa\" skin.", "Gringas __knowledge__ In general, the name was established from the idea that (wheat) flour tortillas are preferred north of the border.", "Gringas __knowledge__ \"Las pochas\" is the name given to another variation of tacos made in the same manner, but instead of wheat flour tortillas, corn tortillas are used and instead of \"al pastor\" meat, grilled meat, pork or, less frequently, beef is used.", "Enchirito __knowledge__ Enchirito () is the trademarked name of Taco Bell's menu item of the Tex-Mex food similar to an enchilada.", "Enchirito __knowledge__ It is composed of a flour tortilla filled with seasoned ground beef taco meat (with options to substitute steak or chicken), beans, diced onions, cheddar cheese, and \"red sauce\".", "Enchirito __knowledge__ There is an unsubstantiated claim that the Enchirito was invented in 1967 by a high school student in Montebello, CA.", "Enchirito __knowledge__ However, a 2008 article published in the Long Beach Press-Telegram claimed that a Cerritos, California based franchise owner named Dan Jones had created the Enchirito.", "Enchirito __knowledge__ In an article published in a Corsicana Daily Sun in 1971, there is a third claim that a Taco Bell franchise owner in Texas was the actual inventor.", "List of tortilla-based dishes __knowledge__ This is a list of tortilla-based dishes and foods that use the tortilla as a primary ingredient.", "List of tortilla-based dishes __knowledge__ A tortilla is a type of soft, thin flatbread made from finely ground corn or wheat flour.", "List of tortilla-based dishes __knowledge__ Originally derived from the corn tortilla (\"tortilla\" in Spanish means \"small \"torta\"\", or \"small cake\"), a bread of maize which predates the arrival of Europeans to the Americas, the wheat flour tortilla was an innovation after wheat was brought to the New World from Spain while this region was the colony of New Spain.", "List of tortilla-based dishes __knowledge__ It is made with an unleavened, water-based dough, pressed and cooked like corn tortillas." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco is a traditional Mexican dish composed of a corn or wheat tortilla folded or rolled around a filling.", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco can be made with a variety of fillings, including beef, pork, chicken, seafood, vegetables, and cheese, allowing for great versatility and variety.", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco is generally eaten without utensils and is often accompanied by garnishes such as salsa, chili pepper, avocado, guacamole, cilantro (coriander), tomatoes, onions, and lettuce.", "Taco __knowledge__ The origins of the taco are not precisely known, and etymologies for the culinary usage of the word are generally theoretical.", "Taco __knowledge__ According to the Real Academia Española, publisher of \"Diccionario de la Lengua Española\", the word \"taco\" describes a typical Mexican dish of a maize tortilla folded around food.", "Taco __knowledge__ This meaning of the Spanish word \"taco\" is a Mexican innovation, but in other dialects \"taco\" is used to mean \"wedge; wad, plug; billiard cue; blowpipe; ramrod; short, stocky person; [or] short, thick piece of wood.\"", "Taco __knowledge__ As used in this non-culinary way, the word \"taco\" has cognates in other European languages, including the French word \"tache\" and the English word \"tack (nail).\"", "Taco __knowledge__ According to one etymological theory, the culinary meaning of \"taco\" derives from its \"plug\" meaning as employed among Mexican silver miners, who used explosive charges in plug form consisting of a paper wrapper and gunpowder filling.", "Corn tortilla __knowledge__ In North America and Central America, a tortilla is a type of thin, unleavened flatbread, made from finely ground maize (corn).", "Corn tortilla __knowledge__ In Guatemala and Mexico, there are three colors of maize dough for making tortillas: white maize, yellow maize and blue maize (or black maize).", "Corn tortilla __knowledge__ A similar bread from South America, called \"arepa\" (though \"arepas\" are typically much thicker than tortillas), predates the arrival of Europeans to America, and was called \"tortilla\" by the Spanish from its resemblance to the traditional Spanish round, unleavened cakes and omelettes (originally made without potatoes, which are native to South America).", "Latin American cuisine __knowledge__ Latin American cuisine is the typical foods, beverages, and cooking styles common to many of the countries and cultures in Latin America.", "Latin American cuisine __knowledge__ Latin America is a highly diverse area of land that holds various cuisines that vary from nation to nation.", "Latin American cuisine __knowledge__ Some items typical of Latin American cuisine include maize-based dishes arepas, pupusas, tacos, tamales, tortillas and various salsas and other condiments (guacamole, pico de gallo, mole, chimichurri, chili, aji, pebre).", "Latin American cuisine __knowledge__ These spices are generally what give the Latin American cuisines a distinct flavor; yet, each country of Latin America tends to use a different spice and those that share spices tend to use them at different quantities.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ Mexican cuisine began 9,000 years ago, 7,000 BCE, when agricultural communities such as the Maya formed, domesticating maize, creating the standard process of corn nixtamalization, and establishing their foodways.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ Successive waves of other Mesoamerican groups, including the Olmec, Teotihuacanos, Toltec, Huastec, Zapotec, Mixtec, Otomi, and Purépecha, brought with them their own cooking methods.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ The Mexica establishment of the Aztec Empire created a multi-ethnic society where many different foodways became infused.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ The staples are native foods, such as corn, beans, squash, amaranth, chia, avocados, tomatoes, tomatillos, chocolate, vanilla, agave, turkey, sweet potato, cactus, and chili pepper.", "Aztec cuisine __knowledge__ Aztec cuisine was the cuisine of the Aztec Empire and the Nahua peoples of the Valley of Mexico prior to European contact in 1519.", "Aztec cuisine __knowledge__ The most important staple was corn (maize), a crop that was so important to Aztec society that it played a central part in their mythology.", "Aztec cuisine __knowledge__ Just like wheat in much of Europe or rice in most of East Asia, it was the food without which a meal was not a meal.", "Aztec cuisine __knowledge__ It came in varieties that differed in color, texture, size and prestige, and was eaten as corn tortillas, tamales or \"ātōlli\", maize gruel.", "Aztec cuisine __knowledge__ The other constants of Aztec food were salt and chili peppers and the basic definition of Aztec fasting was to abstain from these two flavors.", "Wheat tortilla __knowledge__ A flour tortilla (, ; or wheat tortilla to differentiate it from other uses of the word \"tortilla\", which in Spanish means \"small \"torta\"\", or \"small cake\") is a type of soft, thin flatbread made from finely ground wheat flour from Mexico.", "Wheat tortilla __knowledge__ The wheat flour tortilla was originally derived from the corn tortilla, a bread of maize which predates the arrival of Europeans to the Americas.", "Wheat tortilla __knowledge__ It is made with an unleavened, water based dough, pressed and cooked like corn tortillas.", "Wheat tortilla __knowledge__ In Spanish the word \"tortilla\", without qualification, has different meanings in different regions.", "Wheat tortilla __knowledge__ In Spain it is an omelette; in Mexico and Central America it is a corn tortilla; and in many other places a flour tortilla.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Mexican street food, called \"antojitos\" (literally \"little cravings\"), is prepared by street vendors and at small traditional markets in that country.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Street foods include tacos, tamales, gorditas, quesadillas, empalmes, tostadas, chalupa, elote, tlayudas, cemita, pambazo, empanada, nachos, chilaquiles，fajita and tortas, as well as fresh fruit, vegetables, beverages and soups (menudo, pozole and pancita).", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Most are available in the morning and the evening, as mid-afternoon is the time for the main formal meal of the day.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Mexico has one of the most extensive street food cultures in Latin America, and \"Forbes\" named Mexico City as one of the foremost cities on the world in which to eat on the street.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ Breakfast is the first meal of a day, most often eaten in the early morning before undertaking the day's work.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The word in English refers to breaking the fasting period of the prior night.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ There is a strong tendency for one or more \"typical\", or \"traditional\", breakfast menus to exist in most places, but the composition of this varies widely from place to place, and has varied over time, so that globally a very wide range of preparations and ingredients are now associated with breakfast.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The Old English word for dinner, \"disner\", means to break a fast, and was the first meal eaten in the day until its meaning shifted in the mid-13th century." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco is a traditional Mexican dish composed of a corn or wheat tortilla folded or rolled around a filling.", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco can be made with a variety of fillings, including beef, pork, chicken, seafood, vegetables, and cheese, allowing for great versatility and variety.", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco is generally eaten without utensils and is often accompanied by garnishes such as salsa, chili pepper, avocado, guacamole, cilantro (coriander), tomatoes, onions, and lettuce.", "Taco __knowledge__ The origins of the taco are not precisely known, and etymologies for the culinary usage of the word are generally theoretical.", "Taco __knowledge__ According to the Real Academia Española, publisher of \"Diccionario de la Lengua Española\", the word \"taco\" describes a typical Mexican dish of a maize tortilla folded around food.", "Taco __knowledge__ This meaning of the Spanish word \"taco\" is a Mexican innovation, but in other dialects \"taco\" is used to mean \"wedge; wad, plug; billiard cue; blowpipe; ramrod; short, stocky person; [or] short, thick piece of wood.\"", "Taco __knowledge__ As used in this non-culinary way, the word \"taco\" has cognates in other European languages, including the French word \"tache\" and the English word \"tack (nail).\"", "Taco __knowledge__ According to one etymological theory, the culinary meaning of \"taco\" derives from its \"plug\" meaning as employed among Mexican silver miners, who used explosive charges in plug form consisting of a paper wrapper and gunpowder filling.", "K3 (band) __knowledge__ K3 is a Belgian-Dutch girl group with a Dutch repertoire, whose current line-up is composed of Hanne Verbruggen, Marthe De Pillecyn and Klaasje Meijer, mainly aimed at pre-adolescent children.", "K3 (band) __knowledge__ The name of the group is derived from first letters of the three original members' first names: Karen Damen, Kristel Verbeke and Kathleen Aerts.", "K3 (band) __knowledge__ Kathleen Aerts left the group in 2009.", "K3 (band) __knowledge__ Josje Huisman was chosen as K3's new member on October 3, 2009.", "K3 (band) __knowledge__ Their music is produced by production company Studio 100 and is written by Miguel Wiels, Alain Vande Putte and Peter Gillis.", "K3 (band) __knowledge__ K3 was founded by Niels William.", "K3 (band) __knowledge__ The band became famous without any airplay from the regular music television channels like MTV, instead marketing directly to children via children- and cartoon-channels.", "Samsung YP-R1 __knowledge__ The Samsung YP-R1 (also known as Samsung R1 worldwide or Yepp R1 in Korea or Samsung R'MIX in France because of its DJ feature) is a portable media player made by Samsung, first leaked on the webshop play.com on June 14, 2009 and then released end of September 2009.", "Samsung YP-R1 __knowledge__ It was developed along with the YP-R0 with which it shares several specifications (similar aluminum design, same Linux kernel and SoC).", "Samsung YP-R1 __knowledge__ The R1 is available in four different Flash memory capacities: 4 GB, 8 GB, 16 GB and 32 GB.", "Samsung YP-R1 __knowledge__ It comes in three different colors: black, silver and pink.", "Samsung YP-R1 __knowledge__ It features an aluminum case, a 2.6 inch TFT LCD capacitive touchscreen with a resolution of 240 by 400 pixels, a RDS FM tuner, bluetooth (v2.0 + EDR) and a proprietary USB connector.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha Lee is a fictional character in the BBC soap opera \"Doctors\", played by Laura Rollins.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha was introduced as a Practice Nurse at The Mill by Peter Eryl Lloyd.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ She made her first appearance on Tuesday 30 September 2014.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Since her arrival in the show Ayesha has faced storylines including an on off relationship with Sid Vere, having a troubled relationship with Tyler Green, dealing with her mother Bren's alcohol and later drug addiction, being attacked by Ike and supporting Valerie Pittman through her Cancer scare.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha first arrives at \"The Mill\" as a replacement for Mandy Marquez, she is almost immediately attracted to new doctor Sid Vere.", "The Runners __knowledge__ The Runners are an American electronic and hip hop production duo from Orlando, Florida, consisting of Andrew \"Dru Brett\" Harr and Jermaine \"Mayne Zayne\" Jackson.", "The Runners __knowledge__ They came together to form the team in 2000, but they have known each other since they were in kindergarten.", "The Runners __knowledge__ They both have been influenced their entire lives by producers Timbaland and The Neptunes.", "The Runners __knowledge__ Their trademark is an exhale sound effect ringing \"Ahhh\" at the beginning of their songs.", "The Runners __knowledge__ They are best known for producing the hit singles \"Go Hard\" and \"Hustlin'\", by rappers DJ Khaled and Rick Ross respectively.", "The Runners __knowledge__ They have produced songs for artists like Keyshia Cole Kevin Cossom Ace Hood, Chris Brown, Fat Joe, Juelz Santana, Nelly, Trip Lee, Jim Jones, Lil Wayne, Justin Bieber, Fabolous and Usher.", "The Flowers (Chinese band) __knowledge__ The Flowers, (), were a Chinese rock band formed in Beijing in 1998.", "The Flowers (Chinese band) __knowledge__ The band consisted of Dà Zhāng Wěi (lead vocals, guitar) (大张伟), Shí Xǐngyŭ (guitar) (石醒宇), Guō Yáng (bass guitar) (郭阳), and Wáng Wénbó (drums, percussion) (王文博).", "The Flowers (Chinese band) __knowledge__ The Flowers recorded and released six studio albums before splitting up in 2009.", "The Flowers (Chinese band) __knowledge__ Zhang Wei, Guo Yang, and Wang Wenbo met while attending high school.", "The Flowers (Chinese band) __knowledge__ During their early career, they played music in the style of pop punk that was reminiscent of American pop punk bands such as Green Day and Blink-182 who were the group's influences.", "The Flowers (Chinese band) __knowledge__ The band first began playing in local bars and smoky clubs around Beijing.", "Temuco __knowledge__ Temuco is a city and commune, capital of the Cautín Province and of the Araucanía Region in southern Chile.", "Temuco __knowledge__ The city is located south of Santiago at the heart of the modern Araucanía Region and historic Araucanía—the land of the Mapuche who resisted Spanish conquest.", "Temuco __knowledge__ Temuco was founded in 1881 during the occupation of Araucanía and grew quickly into one of Chile's main cities.", "Temuco __knowledge__ Temuco's central place in Araucanía with easy access to the Andean valleys, lakes and coastal areas makes it a hub for tourism, agricultural, livestock and forestry operations as well as a communication and trade centre for the numerous small towns of Araucanía.", "Pablo Neruda __knowledge__ Pablo Neruda (; ) was the pen name and, later, legal name of the Chilean poet-diplomat and politician Ricardo Eliécer Neftalí Reyes Basoalto (July 12, 1904 – September 23, 1973).", "Pablo Neruda __knowledge__ He derived his pen name from the Czech poet Jan Neruda.", "Pablo Neruda __knowledge__ Pablo Neruda won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1971.", "Pablo Neruda __knowledge__ Neruda became known as a poet when he was 10 years old.", "Pablo Neruda __knowledge__ He wrote in a variety of styles, including surrealist poems, historical epics, overtly political manifestos, a prose autobiography, and passionate love poems such as the ones in his collection \"Twenty Love Poems and a Song of Despair\" (1924).", "Pablo Neruda __knowledge__ The Colombian novelist Gabriel García Márquez once called Neruda \"the greatest poet of the 20th century in any language.\"", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Mexican street food, called \"antojitos\" (literally \"little cravings\"), is prepared by street vendors and at small traditional markets in that country.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Street foods include tacos, tamales, gorditas, quesadillas, empalmes, tostadas, chalupa, elote, tlayudas, cemita, pambazo, empanada, nachos, chilaquiles，fajita and tortas, as well as fresh fruit, vegetables, beverages and soups (menudo, pozole and pancita).", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Most are available in the morning and the evening, as mid-afternoon is the time for the main formal meal of the day.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Mexico has one of the most extensive street food cultures in Latin America, and \"Forbes\" named Mexico City as one of the foremost cities on the world in which to eat on the street.", "Corn tortilla __knowledge__ In North America and Central America, a tortilla is a type of thin, unleavened flatbread, made from finely ground maize (corn).", "Corn tortilla __knowledge__ In Guatemala and Mexico, there are three colors of maize dough for making tortillas: white maize, yellow maize and blue maize (or black maize).", "Corn tortilla __knowledge__ A similar bread from South America, called \"arepa\" (though \"arepas\" are typically much thicker than tortillas), predates the arrival of Europeans to America, and was called \"tortilla\" by the Spanish from its resemblance to the traditional Spanish round, unleavened cakes and omelettes (originally made without potatoes, which are native to South America).", "Latin American cuisine __knowledge__ Latin American cuisine is the typical foods, beverages, and cooking styles common to many of the countries and cultures in Latin America.", "Latin American cuisine __knowledge__ Latin America is a highly diverse area of land that holds various cuisines that vary from nation to nation.", "Latin American cuisine __knowledge__ Some items typical of Latin American cuisine include maize-based dishes arepas, pupusas, tacos, tamales, tortillas and various salsas and other condiments (guacamole, pico de gallo, mole, chimichurri, chili, aji, pebre).", "Latin American cuisine __knowledge__ These spices are generally what give the Latin American cuisines a distinct flavor; yet, each country of Latin America tends to use a different spice and those that share spices tend to use them at different quantities.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ Mexican cuisine began 9,000 years ago, 7,000 BCE, when agricultural communities such as the Maya formed, domesticating maize, creating the standard process of corn nixtamalization, and establishing their foodways.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ Successive waves of other Mesoamerican groups, including the Olmec, Teotihuacanos, Toltec, Huastec, Zapotec, Mixtec, Otomi, and Purépecha, brought with them their own cooking methods.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ The Mexica establishment of the Aztec Empire created a multi-ethnic society where many different foodways became infused.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ The staples are native foods, such as corn, beans, squash, amaranth, chia, avocados, tomatoes, tomatillos, chocolate, vanilla, agave, turkey, sweet potato, cactus, and chili pepper.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ Breakfast is the first meal of a day, most often eaten in the early morning before undertaking the day's work.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The word in English refers to breaking the fasting period of the prior night.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ There is a strong tendency for one or more \"typical\", or \"traditional\", breakfast menus to exist in most places, but the composition of this varies widely from place to place, and has varied over time, so that globally a very wide range of preparations and ingredients are now associated with breakfast.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The Old English word for dinner, \"disner\", means to break a fast, and was the first meal eaten in the day until its meaning shifted in the mid-13th century.", "Wheat tortilla __knowledge__ A flour tortilla (, ; or wheat tortilla to differentiate it from other uses of the word \"tortilla\", which in Spanish means \"small \"torta\"\", or \"small cake\") is a type of soft, thin flatbread made from finely ground wheat flour from Mexico.", "Wheat tortilla __knowledge__ The wheat flour tortilla was originally derived from the corn tortilla, a bread of maize which predates the arrival of Europeans to the Americas.", "Wheat tortilla __knowledge__ It is made with an unleavened, water based dough, pressed and cooked like corn tortillas.", "Wheat tortilla __knowledge__ In Spanish the word \"tortilla\", without qualification, has different meanings in different regions.", "Wheat tortilla __knowledge__ In Spain it is an omelette; in Mexico and Central America it is a corn tortilla; and in many other places a flour tortilla." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 2 ]

[ "Same, of all the Mexican dishes, tacos are the best.", "Are they made with a wheat flour tortilla or a corn tortilla?", "I really like both flour and corn tortillas on tacos though.", "Fair enough, corn tortillas are good with chicken and beef is better with a flour one.", "I really like beef and pork on tacos the most, chicken is good too." ]

[ "Taco", "Taco", "Taco", "Taco", "Taco" ]

[ "Skunk", "I agree with you there, I turn in the other direction when I'm walking and see one.", "Really? I didn't know they expressed different colors! I always keep a look out for the black and white! A ginger skunk would probably approach me and I wouldn't know what it was!", "That is great to know! Thanks! Are ginger skunks rare? Every single skunk I've seen has been black and white." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Skunk __knowledge__ Skunks are mammals in the family Mephitidae.", "Skunk __knowledge__ The animals are known for their ability to spray a liquid with a strong unpleasant smell.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Different species of skunk vary in appearance from black-and-white to brown, cream or ginger colored, but all have warning coloration.", "Skunk __knowledge__ 1630s, squunck, from a southern New England Algonquian language (probably Abenaki) seganku, from Proto-Algonquian */šeka:kwa/, from */šek-/ \"to urinate\" + */-a:kw/ \"fox.\"", "Skunk __knowledge__ \"Skunk\" has historic use as an insult, attested from 1841.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Skunk cabbage is attested from 1751; earlier skunkweed (1738).", "Skunk __knowledge__ In 1634, a skunk was described in the Jesuit Relations: Skunk species vary in size from about long and in weight from about (spotted skunks) to (hog-nosed skunks).", "Skunk __knowledge__ They have moderately elongated bodies with relatively short, well-muscled legs and long front claws for digging.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Although the most common fur color is black and white, some skunks are brown or grey and a few are cream-colored.", "Skunk __knowledge__ All skunks are striped, even from birth.", "Skunk __knowledge__ They may have a single thick stripe across back and tail, two thinner stripes, or a series of white spots and broken stripes (in the case of the spotted skunk).", "Skunk __knowledge__ Some also have stripes on their legs.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Skunks are omnivorous, eating both plant and animal material and changing their diets as the seasons change." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Skunk __knowledge__ Skunks are mammals in the family Mephitidae.", "Skunk __knowledge__ The animals are known for their ability to spray a liquid with a strong unpleasant smell.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Different species of skunk vary in appearance from black-and-white to brown, cream or ginger colored, but all have warning coloration.", "Skunk __knowledge__ 1630s, squunck, from a southern New England Algonquian language (probably Abenaki) seganku, from Proto-Algonquian */šeka:kwa/, from */šek-/ \"to urinate\" + */-a:kw/ \"fox.\"", "Skunk __knowledge__ \"Skunk\" has historic use as an insult, attested from 1841.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Skunk cabbage is attested from 1751; earlier skunkweed (1738).", "Skunk __knowledge__ In 1634, a skunk was described in the Jesuit Relations: Skunk species vary in size from about long and in weight from about (spotted skunks) to (hog-nosed skunks).", "Skunk __knowledge__ They have moderately elongated bodies with relatively short, well-muscled legs and long front claws for digging.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Although the most common fur color is black and white, some skunks are brown or grey and a few are cream-colored.", "Skunk __knowledge__ All skunks are striped, even from birth.", "Skunk __knowledge__ They may have a single thick stripe across back and tail, two thinner stripes, or a series of white spots and broken stripes (in the case of the spotted skunk).", "Skunk __knowledge__ Some also have stripes on their legs.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Skunks are omnivorous, eating both plant and animal material and changing their diets as the seasons change.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (N–Z) __knowledge__ Through his adventures, Fawcett Comics/DC Comics superhero Captain Marvel and his Marvel Family gained a host of enemies, including the following: Only appearing in \"Captain Marvel Adventures\" #139.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (N–Z) __knowledge__ Niatpac Levram was the creation of the devilish Wizzo the Wizard!", "List of Marvel Family enemies (N–Z) __knowledge__ The wizard created Levram as a mirror duplicate of Captain Marvel by casting a spell and animating Cap's image from a mirror.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (N–Z) __knowledge__ Wizzo used Niatpac Levram to wreak havoc on Captain Marvel's city for the sole purpose of graduating from the School of Black Magicians!", "List of Marvel Family enemies (N–Z) __knowledge__ Cap was able to defeat Wizzo and send Nia back to the mirror universe!", "List of Marvel Family enemies (N–Z) __knowledge__ 1948, \"Mary Marvel\" #24.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ This list comprises the items featured in the American fantasy-drama television series \"Once Upon a Time\" and its spin-off \"Once Upon a Time in Wonderland\".", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ The Aging Dust is causes the victim to age.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ The amount of aging depends on the amount of dust used.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ Emma put some in the onion rings she gave Zelena, to accelerate her pregnancy.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ She wanted baby Robin out of the way so she could put the Darkness into Zelena and then kill her with Excalibur.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ Mr. Gold owns some as well as he used it to temporarily age a fairy that he and the Evil Queen chased and captured into an old woman.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ Regina was mentioned to have found a way to restore the fairy back to her rightful age.", "List of Ashes to Ashes characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters that have appeared in BBC One's science fiction/police procedural drama, \"Ashes to Ashes\".", "List of Ashes to Ashes characters __knowledge__ DCI Jim Keats (Daniel Mays) appears as the main antagonist of the third series, as an officer sent from the Discipline and Complaints Department (D&C) to assess Fenchurch East CID as part of Operation Countryman.", "List of Ashes to Ashes characters __knowledge__ During episode one, Keats quietly vows to Hunt that he will \"dismantle the station around him\" and that he knows \"what Hunt really did\", along with informing Alex Drake that he'll \"help her\" and that he knows \"what she is going through\".", "List of Ashes to Ashes characters __knowledge__ Upon finding that Drake requested old files and statements regarding the death of Sam Tyler, Keats informs Drake that he thinks Hunt killed Tyler.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Downton Abbey, a British period drama television series created by Julian Fellowes and co-produced by Carnival Films and Masterpiece for ITV and PBS, respectively.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Robert Crawley, The 7th Earl of Grantham (also known as Lord Grantham) (played by Hugh Bonneville) was born in 1866 at Downton Abbey.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ His parents are the late 6th Earl of Grantham and the Dowager Countess of Grantham, Violet Crawley.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ He has a sister named Rosamund.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Despite the family's financial situation, Robert's education was privileged and he was tutored from ages 7 to 13, before attending Eton and then Christ Church, Oxford, where he studied philosophy.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "List of Moral Orel characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters featured in the American stop motion animation series \"Moral Orel\".", "List of Moral Orel characters __knowledge__ Most of the characters' names are references in some way to the stop motion animation process.", "List of Moral Orel characters __knowledge__ Orel Puppington (born November 28, 1993) is the protagonist of the stop-motion animated television series, \"Moral Orel\".", "List of Moral Orel characters __knowledge__ He is an 11- (later 12-) year-old boy whose quest is to be moral and good, which drives most of the plots of the episodes.", "List of Moral Orel characters __knowledge__ He collects religious action figures and makes short animated movies with them.", "List of Moral Orel characters __knowledge__ In his attempts to remain moral, he listens to Reverend Putty's sermons very closely.", "Beshalach __knowledge__ Beshalach, Beshallach, or Beshalah ( — Hebrew for \"when [he] let go,\" the second word and first distinctive word in the parashah) is the sixteenth weekly Torah portion (, \"parashah\") in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the fourth in the Book of Exodus.", "Beshalach __knowledge__ It constitutes In this parashah, Pharaoh changes his mind and sends his army after the Jewish people, trapping them at the Sea of Reeds.", "Beshalach __knowledge__ God commands Moses to split the sea, allowing them to pass, then closes the sea back upon the Egyptian army.", "Beshalach __knowledge__ There are the miracles of manna and clean water.", "Beshalach __knowledge__ The nation of Amalek attacks and the Jewish people are victorious.", "Skunks as pets __knowledge__ Although capable of living indoors with humans similarly to cats or dogs, pet skunks are relatively rare, partly due to restrictive laws and the complexity of their care.", "Skunks as pets __knowledge__ Pet skunks are mainly kept in the United States, Canada, Germany, the Netherlands, Poland and Italy.", "Skunks as pets __knowledge__ In the United States, pet skunks can be purchased from licensed animal shelters, non-profit skunk educational organizations such as the American Domestic Skunk Association, Inc., or breeders with a permit from the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service.", "Skunks as pets __knowledge__ Baby skunk availability peaks during springtime, immediately following the skunk mating season.", "Channel Islands spotted skunk __knowledge__ The Channel Island spotted skunk (\"Spilogale gracilis amphiala\") is an insular endemic carnivore and a subspecies of the western spotted skunk (\"Spilogale gracilis\").", "Channel Islands spotted skunk __knowledge__ Little is known about their exact variations from the mainland spotted skunk and variations between locations, resolution of which awaits further genetic and morphologic evaluation.", "Channel Islands spotted skunk __knowledge__ The skunk is only currently found on two islands off the southern coast of California (Santa Cruz Island, and Santa Rosa Island, where its occurrence was once thought to be rare but recently experienced a population surge in the 1990s).", "Channel Islands spotted skunk __knowledge__ Its presence has been recorded on San Miguel Island, but it has since been declared extinct in that area.", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ The genus \"Spilogale\" includes all skunks commonly known as spotted skunks and is composed of four different species: \"S. gracilis, S. putorius, S. pygmaea, S. angustifrons\".", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ Mammalogists consider \"S. gracilis\" and \"S. putorius\" different species because of differences in reproductive patterns, reproductive morphology, and chromosomal variation.", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ However, interbreeding has never been falsified.", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ The name \"Spilogale\" comes from the Greek word \"spilo\", which means \"spotted\", and gale, which means \"weasel\".", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ \"Putorius\" is the Latin word for \"fetid odor\".", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ \"Gracilis\" is the Latin word for \"slender\".", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ Several other names attributed to \"S. putorius\" include: civet cat, polecat, hydrophobian skunk, phoby skunk, phoby cat, tree skunk, weasel skunk, black marten, little spotted skunk, four-lined skunk, four-striped skunk, and sachet kitty.", "The Skunks (ska band) __knowledge__ The Skunks were a third wave ska band formed in 1988 by a group of high school friends from suburban Maryland.", "The Skunks (ska band) __knowledge__ They recorded three albums, performed extensively in the Washington, DC/Baltimore, Maryland area, and toured the United States.", "The Skunks (ska band) __knowledge__ In August 1988, Matt Earl and James McDonald, who had been members of Boy Scout Troop 214 in University Park, Maryland, encountered Joe Hottel and Erick Morgan at a skateboarding hangout in Riverdale Park, Maryland.", "The Skunks (ska band) __knowledge__ From this association, came the idea of starting The Skunks.", "The Skunks (ska band) __knowledge__ Soon, the newly formed band, augmented by Anthony Foronda, Jake Hughes and Brent Washburn, began to play at events and parties in suburban Maryland.", "Eastern spotted skunk __knowledge__ The eastern spotted skunk (\"Spilogale putorius\") is a small, relatively slender skunk found throughout the eastern United States and in small areas of Canada and Mexico.", "Eastern spotted skunk __knowledge__ This small skunk is more weasel-like in body shape than the more familiar striped skunk.", "Eastern spotted skunk __knowledge__ The eastern spotted skunk has four stripes on its back which are broken in pattern, giving it a \"spotted\" appearance.", "Eastern spotted skunk __knowledge__ They have a white spot on their forehead.", "Eastern spotted skunk __knowledge__ They are found in Canada (southeast Manitoba and northwestern Ontario), the United States and northeastern Mexico.", "Eastern spotted skunk __knowledge__ Males, at in total length, are large than females, at .", "Eastern spotted skunk __knowledge__ The tail accounts for roughly a third of their total length.", "Hog-nosed skunk __knowledge__ The hog-nosed skunks belong to the genus Conepatus and are members of the family Mephitidae (skunks).", "Hog-nosed skunk __knowledge__ They are native to the Americas.", "Hog-nosed skunk __knowledge__ They have white backs and tails and black underparts.", "Hog-nosed skunk __knowledge__ Recent work has concluded that the western hog-nosed skunk or common hog-nosed skunk (formerly \"Conepatus mesoleucus\") is the same species as the American hog-nosed skunk, and that \"Conepatus leuconotus\" is the correct name of the merged populations.", "Hog-nosed skunk __knowledge__ The individual hog-nosed skunk species vary in size, but among them is included the largest of all skunks.", "Hog-nosed skunk __knowledge__ All are characterized by comparatively short hair, especially on the tail, and this appendage lacks the plumelike appearance observed in other skunks." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Skunk __knowledge__ Skunks are mammals in the family Mephitidae.", "Skunk __knowledge__ The animals are known for their ability to spray a liquid with a strong unpleasant smell.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Different species of skunk vary in appearance from black-and-white to brown, cream or ginger colored, but all have warning coloration.", "Skunk __knowledge__ 1630s, squunck, from a southern New England Algonquian language (probably Abenaki) seganku, from Proto-Algonquian */šeka:kwa/, from */šek-/ \"to urinate\" + */-a:kw/ \"fox.\"", "Skunk __knowledge__ \"Skunk\" has historic use as an insult, attested from 1841.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Skunk cabbage is attested from 1751; earlier skunkweed (1738).", "Skunk __knowledge__ In 1634, a skunk was described in the Jesuit Relations: Skunk species vary in size from about long and in weight from about (spotted skunks) to (hog-nosed skunks).", "Skunk __knowledge__ They have moderately elongated bodies with relatively short, well-muscled legs and long front claws for digging.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Although the most common fur color is black and white, some skunks are brown or grey and a few are cream-colored.", "Skunk __knowledge__ All skunks are striped, even from birth.", "Skunk __knowledge__ They may have a single thick stripe across back and tail, two thinner stripes, or a series of white spots and broken stripes (in the case of the spotted skunk).", "Skunk __knowledge__ Some also have stripes on their legs.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Skunks are omnivorous, eating both plant and animal material and changing their diets as the seasons change.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "List of As Told by Ginger characters __knowledge__ Throughout the various episodes in \"As Told by Ginger\", a number of recurring characters appear.", "List of As Told by Ginger characters __knowledge__ Prominent characters are listed here.", "List of As Told by Ginger characters __knowledge__ Ginger Foutley is an average 14-year-old girl and the main protagonist in the series.", "List of As Told by Ginger characters __knowledge__ She was not considered \"popular\" until Courtney Gripling, the stereotypical \"school diva\", decided to befriend her.", "List of As Told by Ginger characters __knowledge__ Through Ginger, Courtney is able to view how the world works outside of the popular clique.", "List of As Told by Ginger characters __knowledge__ However, Courtney's \"right-hand woman\", Miranda Killgallen, becomes increasingly jealous of Courtney and Ginger's relationship, and stops at nothing to relegate Ginger to her previous role of geek.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ This is a list of \"Strawberry Shortcake\" characters.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ There are (at this writing) four distinct continuities in which Strawberry Shortcake's adventures take place: The original, 1980s version, the 2003 reboot, the 2009/2010 reboot and the upcoming 2018 reboot.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Many of Strawberry Shortcake's friends appear in more than one continuity, and their appearance and/or characterization can vary greatly between versions.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Distinct traits will be noted in each of the circas in which a character happens to appear.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Strawberry Shortcake is the protagonist and the title character of \"The World of Strawberry Shortcake\" franchise.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "Krys Kolanos __knowledge__ Krystofer Stanley \"Krys\" Kolanos (born July 27, 1981) is a Canadian professional ice hockey centre.", "Krys Kolanos __knowledge__ He is currently playing for Asiago Hockey 1935.", "Krys Kolanos __knowledge__ He has played with the Phoenix Coyotes, Edmonton Oilers, Minnesota Wild, and Calgary Flames in his National Hockey League (NHL) career.", "Krys Kolanos __knowledge__ Kolanos was selected in the first round, 19th overall, in the 2000 NHL Entry Draft by the Phoenix Coyotes from Boston College.", "Krys Kolanos __knowledge__ In college, he scored the game-winning goal in overtime for Boston College in the National Championship.", "Krys Kolanos __knowledge__ Kolanos' career has been limited by a serious concussion after Václav Varaďa hit him from behind and knocked him unconscious in a game on January 19, 2002.", "Skunks as pets __knowledge__ Although capable of living indoors with humans similarly to cats or dogs, pet skunks are relatively rare, partly due to restrictive laws and the complexity of their care.", "Skunks as pets __knowledge__ Pet skunks are mainly kept in the United States, Canada, Germany, the Netherlands, Poland and Italy.", "Skunks as pets __knowledge__ In the United States, pet skunks can be purchased from licensed animal shelters, non-profit skunk educational organizations such as the American Domestic Skunk Association, Inc., or breeders with a permit from the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service.", "Skunks as pets __knowledge__ Baby skunk availability peaks during springtime, immediately following the skunk mating season.", "Channel Islands spotted skunk __knowledge__ The Channel Island spotted skunk (\"Spilogale gracilis amphiala\") is an insular endemic carnivore and a subspecies of the western spotted skunk (\"Spilogale gracilis\").", "Channel Islands spotted skunk __knowledge__ Little is known about their exact variations from the mainland spotted skunk and variations between locations, resolution of which awaits further genetic and morphologic evaluation.", "Channel Islands spotted skunk __knowledge__ The skunk is only currently found on two islands off the southern coast of California (Santa Cruz Island, and Santa Rosa Island, where its occurrence was once thought to be rare but recently experienced a population surge in the 1990s).", "Channel Islands spotted skunk __knowledge__ Its presence has been recorded on San Miguel Island, but it has since been declared extinct in that area.", "Striped skunk __knowledge__ The striped skunk (\"Mephitis mephitis\") is a skunk of the genus \"Mephitis\" that is native to southern Canada, the United States and northern Mexico.", "Striped skunk __knowledge__ It is currently listed as least concern by the IUCN on account of its wide range and ability to adapt to human-modified environments.", "Striped skunk __knowledge__ It is a polygamous omnivore with few natural predators, save for birds of prey.", "Striped skunk __knowledge__ The striped skunk has a long history of association with humans, having been trapped and captively bred for its fur and kept as an exotic pet.", "Striped skunk __knowledge__ It is one of the most recognizable of North America's animals, and is a popular figure in cartoons and children's books.", "Great horned owl __knowledge__ The great horned owl (\"Bubo virginianus\"), also known as the tiger owl (originally derived from early naturalists' description as the \"winged tiger\" or \"tiger of the air\") or the hoot owl, is a large owl native to the Americas.", "Great horned owl __knowledge__ It is an extremely adaptable bird with a vast range and is the most widely distributed true owl in the Americas.", "Great horned owl __knowledge__ Its primary diet is rabbits and hares, rats and mice and voles, although it freely hunts any animal it can overtake, including rodents and other small mammals, larger mid-sized mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and invertebrates.", "Great horned owl __knowledge__ In ornithological study, the great horned owl is often compared to the Eurasian eagle-owl (\"Bubo bubo\"), a closely related species which, despite the latter's notably larger size, occupies the same ecological niche in Eurasia, and the red-tailed hawk (\"Buteo jamaicensis\"), with which it often shares similar habitat, prey and nesting habits by day and is thus something of a diurnal ecological equivalent." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Skunk __knowledge__ Skunks are mammals in the family Mephitidae.", "Skunk __knowledge__ The animals are known for their ability to spray a liquid with a strong unpleasant smell.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Different species of skunk vary in appearance from black-and-white to brown, cream or ginger colored, but all have warning coloration.", "Skunk __knowledge__ 1630s, squunck, from a southern New England Algonquian language (probably Abenaki) seganku, from Proto-Algonquian */šeka:kwa/, from */šek-/ \"to urinate\" + */-a:kw/ \"fox.\"", "Skunk __knowledge__ \"Skunk\" has historic use as an insult, attested from 1841.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Skunk cabbage is attested from 1751; earlier skunkweed (1738).", "Skunk __knowledge__ In 1634, a skunk was described in the Jesuit Relations: Skunk species vary in size from about long and in weight from about (spotted skunks) to (hog-nosed skunks).", "Skunk __knowledge__ They have moderately elongated bodies with relatively short, well-muscled legs and long front claws for digging.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Although the most common fur color is black and white, some skunks are brown or grey and a few are cream-colored.", "Skunk __knowledge__ All skunks are striped, even from birth.", "Skunk __knowledge__ They may have a single thick stripe across back and tail, two thinner stripes, or a series of white spots and broken stripes (in the case of the spotted skunk).", "Skunk __knowledge__ Some also have stripes on their legs.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Skunks are omnivorous, eating both plant and animal material and changing their diets as the seasons change.", "Skunks as pets __knowledge__ Although capable of living indoors with humans similarly to cats or dogs, pet skunks are relatively rare, partly due to restrictive laws and the complexity of their care.", "Skunks as pets __knowledge__ Pet skunks are mainly kept in the United States, Canada, Germany, the Netherlands, Poland and Italy.", "Skunks as pets __knowledge__ In the United States, pet skunks can be purchased from licensed animal shelters, non-profit skunk educational organizations such as the American Domestic Skunk Association, Inc., or breeders with a permit from the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service.", "Skunks as pets __knowledge__ Baby skunk availability peaks during springtime, immediately following the skunk mating season.", "Channel Islands spotted skunk __knowledge__ The Channel Island spotted skunk (\"Spilogale gracilis amphiala\") is an insular endemic carnivore and a subspecies of the western spotted skunk (\"Spilogale gracilis\").", "Channel Islands spotted skunk __knowledge__ Little is known about their exact variations from the mainland spotted skunk and variations between locations, resolution of which awaits further genetic and morphologic evaluation.", "Channel Islands spotted skunk __knowledge__ The skunk is only currently found on two islands off the southern coast of California (Santa Cruz Island, and Santa Rosa Island, where its occurrence was once thought to be rare but recently experienced a population surge in the 1990s).", "Channel Islands spotted skunk __knowledge__ Its presence has been recorded on San Miguel Island, but it has since been declared extinct in that area.", "Striped skunk __knowledge__ The striped skunk (\"Mephitis mephitis\") is a skunk of the genus \"Mephitis\" that is native to southern Canada, the United States and northern Mexico.", "Striped skunk __knowledge__ It is currently listed as least concern by the IUCN on account of its wide range and ability to adapt to human-modified environments.", "Striped skunk __knowledge__ It is a polygamous omnivore with few natural predators, save for birds of prey.", "Striped skunk __knowledge__ The striped skunk has a long history of association with humans, having been trapped and captively bred for its fur and kept as an exotic pet.", "Striped skunk __knowledge__ It is one of the most recognizable of North America's animals, and is a popular figure in cartoons and children's books.", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ The genus \"Spilogale\" includes all skunks commonly known as spotted skunks and is composed of four different species: \"S. gracilis, S. putorius, S. pygmaea, S. angustifrons\".", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ Mammalogists consider \"S. gracilis\" and \"S. putorius\" different species because of differences in reproductive patterns, reproductive morphology, and chromosomal variation.", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ However, interbreeding has never been falsified.", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ The name \"Spilogale\" comes from the Greek word \"spilo\", which means \"spotted\", and gale, which means \"weasel\".", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ \"Putorius\" is the Latin word for \"fetid odor\".", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ \"Gracilis\" is the Latin word for \"slender\".", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ Several other names attributed to \"S. putorius\" include: civet cat, polecat, hydrophobian skunk, phoby skunk, phoby cat, tree skunk, weasel skunk, black marten, little spotted skunk, four-lined skunk, four-striped skunk, and sachet kitty.", "Eastern spotted skunk __knowledge__ The eastern spotted skunk (\"Spilogale putorius\") is a small, relatively slender skunk found throughout the eastern United States and in small areas of Canada and Mexico.", "Eastern spotted skunk __knowledge__ This small skunk is more weasel-like in body shape than the more familiar striped skunk.", "Eastern spotted skunk __knowledge__ The eastern spotted skunk has four stripes on its back which are broken in pattern, giving it a \"spotted\" appearance.", "Eastern spotted skunk __knowledge__ They have a white spot on their forehead.", "Eastern spotted skunk __knowledge__ They are found in Canada (southeast Manitoba and northwestern Ontario), the United States and northeastern Mexico.", "Eastern spotted skunk __knowledge__ Males, at in total length, are large than females, at .", "Eastern spotted skunk __knowledge__ The tail accounts for roughly a third of their total length.", "Hog-nosed skunk __knowledge__ The hog-nosed skunks belong to the genus Conepatus and are members of the family Mephitidae (skunks).", "Hog-nosed skunk __knowledge__ They are native to the Americas.", "Hog-nosed skunk __knowledge__ They have white backs and tails and black underparts.", "Hog-nosed skunk __knowledge__ Recent work has concluded that the western hog-nosed skunk or common hog-nosed skunk (formerly \"Conepatus mesoleucus\") is the same species as the American hog-nosed skunk, and that \"Conepatus leuconotus\" is the correct name of the merged populations.", "Hog-nosed skunk __knowledge__ The individual hog-nosed skunk species vary in size, but among them is included the largest of all skunks.", "Hog-nosed skunk __knowledge__ All are characterized by comparatively short hair, especially on the tail, and this appendage lacks the plumelike appearance observed in other skunks." ] ]

[ 2, 3, 10, 12 ]

[ "Let's talk about skunks, the smelliest creature of all!", "Well be careful when you're looking around -- some skunks are ginger colored, rather than black and white!", "All skunks are striped though, so that's one way to tell.", "Fairly rare! Some even have stripes on their LEGS! :-)" ]

[ "Skunk", "Skunk", "Skunk", "Skunk" ]

[ "Bob Ross\nWatching Bob Ross paint on television is one of favorite childhood memories", "Do you know how long his show was on the air?", "Mine too! I was so sad when he passed away, but I don't remember what he died from.", "That's crazy! I didn't know that. Do you know how old he was when he died?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bob Ross __knowledge__ Robert Norman Ross (October 29, 1942 – July 4, 1995) was an American painter, art instructor, and television host.", "Bob Ross __knowledge__ He was the creator and host of \"The Joy of Painting\", an instructional television program that aired from 1983 to 1994 on PBS in the United States, and also aired in Canada, Latin America, and Europe.", "Bob Ross __knowledge__ Ross went from being a public-television personality in the 1980s and 1990s to being an Internet celebrity in the 21st century, popular with fans on YouTube and many other websites.", "Bob Ross __knowledge__ Ross was born in Daytona Beach, Florida, to Jack and Ollie Ross (a carpenter and waitress, respectively), and raised in Orlando, Florida.", "Bob Ross __knowledge__ As a child, Ross entertained himself by caring for injured animals, purportedly including an armadillo, snake, and alligator.", "Bob Ross __knowledge__ One of these animals, a squirrel named Peapod, was featured in a few episodes of his show.", "Bob Ross __knowledge__ He had a half-brother, Jim, whom he mentioned in passing on his show.", "Bob Ross __knowledge__ Ross dropped out of high school in the 9th grade to work as a carpenter with his father, Jack Ross, where he lost part of his left index finger.", "Bob Ross __knowledge__ This, however, did not affect the way he held his palette while painting.", "Bob Ross __knowledge__ In 1961, then 18-year-old Ross enlisted in the United States Air Force and was put into service as a medical records technician.", "Gay Comix __knowledge__ Gay Comix (later Gay Comics) is an underground comics series published from 1980–1998 featuring cartoons by and for gay and lesbian men and women.", "Gay Comix __knowledge__ The comic books had the tagline “Lesbians and Gay Men Put It On Paper!” Much of the early content was autobiographical, but more diverse themes were explored in later editions.", "Gay Comix __knowledge__ The contents of \"Gay Comix\" were generally about relationships, personal experiences, and humor, rather than sex.", "Gay Comix __knowledge__ It is generally less sexually explicit than the similarly-themed (and male-focused) \"Meatmen\" series of graphic novels.", "Gay Comix __knowledge__ Its editors each made a deliberate effort to feature work by both women and men.", "Childhood amnesia __knowledge__ Childhood amnesia, also called infantile amnesia, is the inability of adults to retrieve episodic memories (memories of situations or events) before the age of 2–4 years, as well as the period before age 10 of which adults retain fewer memories than might otherwise be expected given the passage of time.", "Childhood amnesia __knowledge__ The development of a cognitive self is also thought by some to have an effect on encoding and storing early memories.", "Childhood amnesia __knowledge__ Some research has demonstrated that children can remember events from the age of 1, but that these memories may decline as children get older.", "Childhood amnesia __knowledge__ Most psychologists differ in defining the offset of childhood amnesia.", "Childhood Memories (book) __knowledge__ Childhood Memories (also known as Recollections of Childhood, Memories of My Childhood or Memories of My Boyhood; , ) is one of the main literary contributions of Romanian author Ion Creangă.", "Childhood Memories (book) __knowledge__ The largest of his two works in the memoir genre, it includes some of the most recognizable samples of first-person narratives in Romanian literature, and is considered by critics to be Creangă's masterpiece.", "Childhood Memories (book) __knowledge__ Structured into separate chapters written over several years (from 1881 to ca.", "Childhood Memories (book) __knowledge__ 1888), it was partly read in front of the \"Junimea\" literary club in Iași.", "Childhood Memories (book) __knowledge__ While three of the total four section were published in Creangă's lifetime by the \"Junimea\" magazine \"Convorbiri Literare\", the final part was left incomplete by the writer's death.", "Ira Hyman __knowledge__ Ira Hyman, Ph.D, American psychologist, currently Professor of Psychology at Western Washington University in Bellingham, Washington.", "Ira Hyman __knowledge__ His research is focused on human memory including traumatic memories, false childhood memories, autobiographical memory, memory in social context, and memory for phobia onset.", "Ira Hyman __knowledge__ Some of his most influential studies are: \"Did you see the unicycling clown?", "Ira Hyman __knowledge__ Inattentional blindness while walking and talking on a cell phone\", \"Errors in autobiographical memories\", \"Individual differences and the creation of false childhood memories\", \"The role of mental imagery in the creation of false childhood memories\" and \"False memories of childhood experiences\".", "Childhood memory __knowledge__ Childhood memory refers to memories formed during childhood.", "Childhood memory __knowledge__ Among its other roles, memory functions to guide present behaviour and to predict future outcomes.", "Childhood memory __knowledge__ Memory in childhood is qualitatively and quantitatively different from the memories formed and retrieved in late adolescence and the adult years.", "Childhood memory __knowledge__ Childhood memory research is relatively recent in relation to the study of other types of cognitive processes underpinning behaviour.", "Childhood memory __knowledge__ Understanding the mechanisms by which memories in childhood are encoded and later retrieved has important implications in many areas.", "Childhood memory __knowledge__ Research into childhood memory includes topics such as childhood memory formation and retrieval mechanisms in relation to those in adults, controversies surrounding infantile amnesia and the fact that adults have relatively poor memories of early childhood, the ways in which school environment and family environment influence memory, and the ways in which memory can be improved in childhood to improve overall cognition, performance in school, and well-being, both in childhood and in adulthood.", "The Joy of Painting __knowledge__ The Joy of Painting is an American half-hour instructional television show hosted by painter Bob Ross which ran from January 11, 1983 until May 17, 1994.", "The Joy of Painting __knowledge__ In each episode, Ross taught techniques for landscape oil painting, completing a painting in each session.", "The Joy of Painting __knowledge__ The program followed the same format as its predecessor, \"The Magic of Oil Painting\", hosted by Ross's mentor Bill Alexander.", "The Joy of Painting __knowledge__ In its running it won three Emmy Awards.", "The Joy of Painting __knowledge__ Broadcast by non-commercial public television stations, the show's first season was in 1983, and initially produced by WNVC in Falls Church, Virginia, then by WIPB in Muncie, Indiana, from 1984 until the show ended in 1994, and later by Blue Ridge Public Television in Roanoke, Virginia." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bob Ross __knowledge__ Robert Norman Ross (October 29, 1942 – July 4, 1995) was an American painter, art instructor, and television host.", "Bob Ross __knowledge__ He was the creator and host of \"The Joy of Painting\", an instructional television program that aired from 1983 to 1994 on PBS in the United States, and also aired in Canada, Latin America, and Europe.", "Bob Ross __knowledge__ Ross went from being a public-television personality in the 1980s and 1990s to being an Internet celebrity in the 21st century, popular with fans on YouTube and many other websites.", "Bob Ross __knowledge__ Ross was born in Daytona Beach, Florida, to Jack and Ollie Ross (a carpenter and waitress, respectively), and raised in Orlando, Florida.", "Bob Ross __knowledge__ As a child, Ross entertained himself by caring for injured animals, purportedly including an armadillo, snake, and alligator.", "Bob Ross __knowledge__ One of these animals, a squirrel named Peapod, was featured in a few episodes of his show.", "Bob Ross __knowledge__ He had a half-brother, Jim, whom he mentioned in passing on his show.", "Bob Ross __knowledge__ Ross dropped out of high school in the 9th grade to work as a carpenter with his father, Jack Ross, where he lost part of his left index finger.", "Bob Ross __knowledge__ This, however, did not affect the way he held his palette while painting.", "Bob Ross __knowledge__ In 1961, then 18-year-old Ross enlisted in the United States Air Force and was put into service as a medical records technician.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Dennis Michael Miller (born November 3, 1953) is an American stand-up comedian, talk show host, political commentator, sports commentator, actor, and television and radio personality.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He rose as a cast member of \"Saturday Night Live\" in 1985, and subsequently hosted a string of his own talk shows on HBO, CNBC, and in syndication.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ From 2007 to 2015, Miller hosted a daily, three-hour, self-titled talk radio program, nationally syndicated by Westwood One.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He is known for his critical assessments of current events, laced with pop culture references and delivered in an idiosyncratic verbal style.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Miller is listed as 21st on Comedy Central's 100 greatest stand up comedians of all time, and was ranked as the best host of SNL's \"Weekend Update\" by Vulture.com.", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ The 2010 \"Tonight Show\" conflict was a media and public relations conflict involving American television network NBC and two of its then-late-night talk show hosts, Conan O'Brien and Jay Leno.", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ Leno, the host of long-running franchise \"The Tonight Show\" since 1992, and O'Brien, host of \"Late Night\" since 1993, were strong ratings leaders for the network for much of the decade.", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ When O'Brien's contract neared its end and he was courted by other networks in 2001, NBC extended his contract and essentially guaranteed him he would be the fifth host of \"The Tonight Show\".", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ The network neglected to let Leno know this until his contract extension in 2004, when they informed him he would remain host for five more years and then transition the show to O'Brien in 2009.", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement __knowledge__ The Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement is a defence procurement project of the Canadian government to purchase Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Joint Strike Fighters for the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF), a process started in 1997.", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement __knowledge__ The F-35 procurement has been a source of considerable controversy in public policy circles in Canada since the federal government announced its intention to purchase the aircraft in 2010.", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement __knowledge__ In April 2012, with the release of a highly critical Auditor General of Canada report on the failures of the government's F-35 program, the procurement was labelled a national \"scandal\" and \"fiasco\" by the media.", "The Daily Show __knowledge__ The Daily Show is an American late-night talk and news satire television program.", "The Daily Show __knowledge__ It airs each Monday through Thursday on Comedy Central.", "The Daily Show __knowledge__ Describing itself as a fake news program, \"The Daily Show\" draws its comedy and satire from recent news stories, political figures, media organizations, and often uses self-referential humor as well.", "The Daily Show __knowledge__ The half-hour-long show premiered on July 21, 1996, and was first hosted by Craig Kilborn until December 17, 1998.", "The Daily Show __knowledge__ Jon Stewart then took over as the host from January 11, 1999, until August 6, 2015, making the show more strongly focused on political satire and news satire, in contrast with the pop culture focus during Kilborn's tenure.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring games, sketches, and other comedy routines from the NBC late night talk show \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\", and its predecessor, \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The sketches feature host Jimmy Fallon, house band The Roots, announcer/sidekick Steve Higgins, the show's writers, celebrity guests, and audience members.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Most of the skits below appeared only on \"Late Night\", while some have carried over to the \"Tonight Show\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Every Tuesday on the show, Jimmy weighs the pros and cons of a topic that's currently in the news, with the pros being the setups and the cons being the punchlines.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Nididhyāsana __knowledge__ In Advaita Vedanta and Jnana Yoga Nididhyasana (Sanskrit: निदिध्यासन) is profound and repeated meditation on the mahavakyas, great Upanishadic statements such as \"That art Thou\", to realize the identity of Atman and Brahman.", "Nididhyāsana __knowledge__ It is the fourth step in the training of a sisya (disciple), consisting of preparatory practives, listening to the teachings as contained in the sruti, reflection on the teachings, and nididhyasana.", "Nididhyāsana __knowledge__ Nididhyasana is the final step in the correct understanding of the meaning of the Mahavakyas.", "Nididhyāsana __knowledge__ Classical Advaita Vedanta emphasises the path of Jnana Yoga, a progression of study and training to attain moksha.", "Happy Little Pill __knowledge__ \"Happy Little Pill\" is a single by singer and songwriter Troye Sivan.", "Happy Little Pill __knowledge__ The song is the first single from \"TRXYE\", his first extended play (EP) released by a major label.", "Happy Little Pill __knowledge__ It was released digitally on 25 July 2014.", "Happy Little Pill __knowledge__ The song was written by Troye Sivan, Brandon Rogers, and Tat Tong.", "Happy Little Pill __knowledge__ \"Happy Little Pill\" peaked at number 10 on the Australian ARIA Singles Chart (aided by the sales of his extended play \"TRXYE\" that were not eligible to chart on the Australian Albums Chart) and was certified gold by the Australian Recording Industry Association for sales exceeding 35,000 copies.", "Happy Little Pill __knowledge__ The single received critical acclaim for its mature sound.", "The Joy of Painting __knowledge__ The Joy of Painting is an American half-hour instructional television show hosted by painter Bob Ross which ran from January 11, 1983 until May 17, 1994.", "The Joy of Painting __knowledge__ In each episode, Ross taught techniques for landscape oil painting, completing a painting in each session.", "The Joy of Painting __knowledge__ The program followed the same format as its predecessor, \"The Magic of Oil Painting\", hosted by Ross's mentor Bill Alexander.", "The Joy of Painting __knowledge__ In its running it won three Emmy Awards.", "The Joy of Painting __knowledge__ Broadcast by non-commercial public television stations, the show's first season was in 1983, and initially produced by WNVC in Falls Church, Virginia, then by WIPB in Muncie, Indiana, from 1984 until the show ended in 1994, and later by Blue Ridge Public Television in Roanoke, Virginia.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ Fortune Records was an American family operated, independent record label located in Detroit, Michigan from 1946 to 1995.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ The label owners were Jack and Devora Brown, their son Sheldon Brown recorded for the label.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ Original releases tapered off after 1972 aside from a few albums in the mid-1980s.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ Fortune specialized in R&B, blues, soul and doo-wop music, although the label also released pop, big band, hillbilly, gospel, rock and roll, and polka records.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ Fortune released some doo-wop tunes by Nolan Strong & The Diablos, such as \"The Wind\" (Fortune 511, 1954), \"The Way You Dog Me Around\" (Fortune 518, 1955), and \"Mind Over Matter\" (Fortune 546, 1962).", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bob Ross __knowledge__ Robert Norman Ross (October 29, 1942 – July 4, 1995) was an American painter, art instructor, and television host.", "Bob Ross __knowledge__ He was the creator and host of \"The Joy of Painting\", an instructional television program that aired from 1983 to 1994 on PBS in the United States, and also aired in Canada, Latin America, and Europe.", "Bob Ross __knowledge__ Ross went from being a public-television personality in the 1980s and 1990s to being an Internet celebrity in the 21st century, popular with fans on YouTube and many other websites.", "Bob Ross __knowledge__ Ross was born in Daytona Beach, Florida, to Jack and Ollie Ross (a carpenter and waitress, respectively), and raised in Orlando, Florida.", "Bob Ross __knowledge__ As a child, Ross entertained himself by caring for injured animals, purportedly including an armadillo, snake, and alligator.", "Bob Ross __knowledge__ One of these animals, a squirrel named Peapod, was featured in a few episodes of his show.", "Bob Ross __knowledge__ He had a half-brother, Jim, whom he mentioned in passing on his show.", "Bob Ross __knowledge__ Ross dropped out of high school in the 9th grade to work as a carpenter with his father, Jack Ross, where he lost part of his left index finger.", "Bob Ross __knowledge__ This, however, did not affect the way he held his palette while painting.", "Bob Ross __knowledge__ In 1961, then 18-year-old Ross enlisted in the United States Air Force and was put into service as a medical records technician.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (, lit: \"How many knots are left to untie?\")", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ is a Pakistani drama series, airs on Hum TV.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ Created by Angeline Malik, the series is a sequel of the anthology series \"Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain\" (20112014).", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ It premiered on 30 October 2016 with a different cast and different story.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ It revolves around a married couple, Saba (Hira Salman) and Kamran (Hassan Ahmed).", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ They ask Jameela (servant) to give another servant duty if he/she is interested.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ She suppresses Rozi (Ushna Shah).", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ Saba is strict with her servants especially with Rozi.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ She drinks water in Saba's glass, to which JHOOTA BURTAN has been derived.", "Khem Veasna __knowledge__ Khem Veasna (; ; born 11 December 1965) is a Cambodian politician, the founder of the League for Democracy Party,businessman and a former actor, producer, director, representative of the Sam Rainsy Party for Prey Veng Province.", "Khem Veasna __knowledge__ He currently serves as the president of the League for Democracy Party (LDP).", "Khem Veasna __knowledge__ He is addressed by everybody as their relative \"Brother Veasna\" or \"Uncle Veasna\".", "Khem Veasna __knowledge__ He is recognized by his supporters as the first Cambodian revolutionary.", "Khem Veasna __knowledge__ Veasna is a graduate of the Department of Media and Communication (RUPP).", "Khem Veasna __knowledge__ After graduation, he worked there for one and a half years.", "Khem Veasna __knowledge__ One more, He is a graduate of the Royal University of Law and Economics where he served as a generation president.", "Lewis Marnell __knowledge__ Lewis Kristian Marnell (3 December 1982 – 18 January 2013) was a professional skateboarder from Melbourne, Australia who was Slam Magazine's 2008 \"Skater of the Year\".", "Lewis Marnell __knowledge__ Marnell died in January 2013, following complications related to type 1 (juvenile) diabetes, a condition that was diagnosed when he was 10 years old.", "Lewis Marnell __knowledge__ Numerous tributes were published following Marnell's death and his longtime skateboard deck sponsor, Almost Skateboards, continues to use the hashtag \"#LewisMarnellForever\"—on 15 and 29 July 2014, the company published the hashtag with 2006 video footage of Marnell skateboarding in Japan.", "Novi Sad __knowledge__ Novi Sad (, ; ; , the city has a population of 250,439, while the urban area of Novi Sad (with the adjacent urban settlements of Petrovaradin and Sremska Kamenica) has 277,522 inhabitants.", "Novi Sad __knowledge__ The population of the administrative area of the city stands at 341,625 people.", "Novi Sad __knowledge__ Novi Sad was founded in 1694, when Serb merchants formed a colony across the Danube from the Petrovaradin fortress, a Habsburg strategic military post.", "Novi Sad __knowledge__ In the 18th and 19th centuries, it became an important trading and manufacturing centre, as well as a centre of Serbian culture of that period, earning the nickname of the \"Serbian Athens\".", "List of Gakuen Alice characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the anime and manga series, \"Gakuen Alice\".", "List of Gakuen Alice characters __knowledge__ Names are displayed in Western order (given name before surname).", "List of Gakuen Alice characters __knowledge__ Mikan is the female protagonist of the story and a 10-year-old girl, especially characterised by being optimistic, childlike, cheerful and energetic.", "List of Gakuen Alice characters __knowledge__ She previously lived in the countryside with her grandfather and best friend Hotaru, until Hotaru moved away when going to study at Alice Academy, prompting Mikan to follow her friend.", "List of Gakuen Alice characters __knowledge__ An accidental encounter with teacher Narumi causes her to be enrolled into the school along with Hotaru, much to her pleasure.", "Sago Mine disaster __knowledge__ The Sago Mine disaster was a coal mine explosion on January 2, 2006, at the Sago Mine in Sago, West Virginia, United States, near the Upshur County seat of Buckhannon.", "Sago Mine disaster __knowledge__ The blast and collapse trapped 13 miners for nearly two days; only one survived.", "Sago Mine disaster __knowledge__ It was the worst mining disaster in the United States since the Jim Walter Resources Mine disaster in Alabama on September 23, 2001, and the worst disaster in West Virginia since the 1968 Farmington Mine disaster.", "Sago Mine disaster __knowledge__ It was exceeded four years later by the Upper Big Branch Mine disaster, also a coal mine explosion in West Virginia, which killed 29 miners in April 2010.", "History of Plymouth, Pennsylvania __knowledge__ Plymouth, Pennsylvania sits on the west side of Pennsylvania's Wyoming Valley, wedged between the Susquehanna River and the Shawnee Mountain range.", "History of Plymouth, Pennsylvania __knowledge__ Just below the mountain are seven hills that surround the town like the Hills of Rome, and form a natural amphitheater that separates the town from the rest of the valley.", "History of Plymouth, Pennsylvania __knowledge__ The hills are named Avondale Hill (or Reynolds Hill); Curry Hill; Turkey Hill (or Cemetery Hill); Levi's Hill; Welsh Hill; Pierce Hill (aka Shonk Hill or Lance Hill); and Ross Hill.", "History of Plymouth, Pennsylvania __knowledge__ Eight creeks run between the hills down to the river.", "History of Plymouth, Pennsylvania __knowledge__ These are Harveys Creek; Jersey Creek; Coal Creek (formerly Mill Creek, Smith's Creek or Ransom Creek); Wadham's Creek (formerly Whittlesey's Creek); Brown's Creek (formerly Nesbitt's Creek, Cooper's Run or Pine Swamp Creek); Shupp's Creek; and Toby's Creek.", "BBC Television Shakespeare __knowledge__ The BBC Television Shakespeare is a series of British television adaptations of the plays of William Shakespeare, created by Cedric Messina and broadcast by BBC Television.", "BBC Television Shakespeare __knowledge__ Transmitted in the UK from 3 December 1978 to 27 April 1985, the series spanned seven seasons and thirty-seven episodes.", "BBC Television Shakespeare __knowledge__ Development began in 1975 when Messina saw that the grounds of Glamis Castle would make a perfect location for an adaptation of Shakespeare's \"As You Like It\" for the \"Play of the Month\" series.", "BBC Television Shakespeare __knowledge__ Upon returning to London, however, he had come to envision an entire series devoted exclusively to the dramatic works of Shakespeare.", "Seir Kieran GAA __knowledge__ Seir Kieran is a Gaelic Athletic Association club located in the Parish of the same name, called after Saint Ciarán of Saighir, who founded the parish as a \"Civitas\" (a monastic city) in the 5th century.", "Seir Kieran GAA __knowledge__ The club is based in the village of Clareen in County Offaly, Ireland.", "Seir Kieran GAA __knowledge__ Seir Kieran caters mainly for players of the games of hurling and camogie, although the club has also competed in the Offaly football competitions and reached the Offaly Senior Football Semi-final in 1927.", "Seir Kieran GAA __knowledge__ Founded in 1887, Seir Kieran is one of the smallest parish-based GAA clubs, comprising (according to the 2011 Census) some 0.5% of Offaly's population.", "PBS __knowledge__ The Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) is an American public broadcaster and television program distributor.", "PBS __knowledge__ It is a non-profit organization and is the most prominent provider of government-funded educational television programming to public television stations in the United States, distributing series such as \"Keeping Up Appearances\", \"BBC World News\" (as BBC World News America since 2012), \"Nova ScienceNow\", \"Nova\", \"Arthur\", \"Sesame Street\", \"PBS NewsHour\", \"Walking with Dinosaurs\", \"Masterpiece\", \"Nature\", \"Rick Steves' Europe\", \"American Masters\", \"Frontline\", and \"Antiques Roadshow\".", "PBS __knowledge__ PBS is funded by member station dues, the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, government agencies, corporations, foundations and individual citizens.", "PBS Kids __knowledge__ PBS Kids is the brand for most of the children's programming aired by the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) in the United States.", "PBS Kids __knowledge__ Some public television children's programs are not produced by PBS member stations or transmitted by PBS which is produced by independent public television distributors such as American Public Television are not labeled as \"PBS Kids\" programming, and it is mainly a programming block branding.", "PBS Kids __knowledge__ PBS Kids is also the name of a separate network which has had two iterations in the age of digital television; one which existed between 1999 and 2005, and the current version which was launched in January 2017.", "Indian cricket team in Australia in 2003–04 __knowledge__ India's 2003–04 tour of Australia comprised seven first-class matches, including four Tests.", "Indian cricket team in Australia in 2003–04 __knowledge__ India also participated in an ODI tri-series with Australia and Zimbabwe.", "Indian cricket team in Australia in 2003–04 __knowledge__ The Test series was drawn 1–1, and India retained the Border-Gavaskar Trophy because of their victory in the Trophy's previous contest.", "Indian cricket team in Australia in 2003–04 __knowledge__ In the 2003-04 series' Adelaide Test, Rahul Dravid scored a double century, securing a famous win for India.", "Indian cricket team in Australia in 2003–04 __knowledge__ Sachin Tendulkar scored 241* in Sydney, which up until that point in his career was his highest score in a Test match.", "Indian cricket team in Australia in 2003–04 __knowledge__ Captain Sourav Ganguly made his first test century against Australia, a 144 in Brisbane that gave his team a lead of 86 after they were in trouble.", "Mister Rogers' Neighborhood __knowledge__ Mister Rogers' Neighborhood (sometimes shortened to Misterogers or simply Mister Rogers) is an American half-hour educational children's television series that was created and hosted by namesake Fred Rogers.", "Mister Rogers' Neighborhood __knowledge__ The series originated in 1963 as \"Mister Rogers\" on CBC Television, and was later re-branded in 1966 as \"Mister Rogers' Neighborhood\" on the regional Eastern Educational Network (EEN, a forerunner of today's American Public Television), followed by its U.S. network debut on February 19, 1968, and it aired on NET and its successor, PBS, until August 31, 2001.", "Mister Rogers' Neighborhood __knowledge__ The series is aimed primarily at preschool ages 2 to 5, but has been stated by PBS as \"appropriate for all ages\".", "Seemed Like a Good Idea at the Time (song) __knowledge__ \"Seemed Like a Good Idea at the Time\" is a song by the English rock band The Darkness.", "Seemed Like a Good Idea at the Time (song) __knowledge__ The song is about a man regretting a decision that lead to the demise of a previous romantic relationship.musicOMH called it \"an introspective laced with regret\" It is the fifth track in the band's sophomore album One Way Ticket to Hell... and Back and it was recorded at Chapel Studios, South Thoresby, Lincolnshire; Paul Smith Music Studios, London.", "Seemed Like a Good Idea at the Time (song) __knowledge__ The song has been released in three different albums: On 28 November 2005 on the band's second album One Way Ticket to Hell... and Back.", "Seemed Like a Good Idea at the Time (song) __knowledge__ On 1 April 2008 in the first compilation album \"The Platinum Collection\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bob Ross __knowledge__ Robert Norman Ross (October 29, 1942 – July 4, 1995) was an American painter, art instructor, and television host.", "Bob Ross __knowledge__ He was the creator and host of \"The Joy of Painting\", an instructional television program that aired from 1983 to 1994 on PBS in the United States, and also aired in Canada, Latin America, and Europe.", "Bob Ross __knowledge__ Ross went from being a public-television personality in the 1980s and 1990s to being an Internet celebrity in the 21st century, popular with fans on YouTube and many other websites.", "Bob Ross __knowledge__ Ross was born in Daytona Beach, Florida, to Jack and Ollie Ross (a carpenter and waitress, respectively), and raised in Orlando, Florida.", "Bob Ross __knowledge__ As a child, Ross entertained himself by caring for injured animals, purportedly including an armadillo, snake, and alligator.", "Bob Ross __knowledge__ One of these animals, a squirrel named Peapod, was featured in a few episodes of his show.", "Bob Ross __knowledge__ He had a half-brother, Jim, whom he mentioned in passing on his show.", "Bob Ross __knowledge__ Ross dropped out of high school in the 9th grade to work as a carpenter with his father, Jack Ross, where he lost part of his left index finger.", "Bob Ross __knowledge__ This, however, did not affect the way he held his palette while painting.", "Bob Ross __knowledge__ In 1961, then 18-year-old Ross enlisted in the United States Air Force and was put into service as a medical records technician.", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ Flying Hawk (Oglala Lakota: \"Čhetáŋ Kiŋyáŋ\" in Standard Lakota Orthography; a/k/a Moses Flying Hawk; March 1854 – December 24, 1931) was an Oglala Lakota warrior, historian, educator and philosopher.", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ Flying Hawk's life chronicles the history of the Oglala Lakota people through the 19th and early 20th centuries, as he fought to deflect the worst effects of white rule; educate his people and preserve sacred Oglala Lakota land and heritage.", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ Chief Flying Hawk was a combatant in Red Cloud's War and in nearly all of the fights with the U.S. Army during the Great Sioux War of 1876.", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ He fought alongside his first cousin Crazy Horse and his brothers Kicking Bear and Black Fox II in the Battle of the Little Big Horn in 1876, and was present at the death of Crazy Horse in 1877 and the Wounded Knee Massacre of 1890.", "Crazy Horse __knowledge__ Crazy Horse (Lakota: in Standard Lakota Orthography, IPA:, literally \"His-Horse-Is-Crazy\"; 1840 – September 5, 1877) was a Native American war leader of the Oglala Lakota in the 19th century.", "Crazy Horse __knowledge__ He took up arms against the United States federal government to fight against encroachment by white American settlers on Indian territory and to preserve the traditional way of life of the Lakota people.", "Crazy Horse __knowledge__ His participation in several famous battles of the American Indian Wars on the northern Great Plains, among them the Fetterman massacre in 1866, in which he acted as a decoy, and the Battle of the Little Bighorn in 1876, in which he led a war party to victory, earned him great respect from both his enemies and his own people.", "Crazy in Love __knowledge__ \"Crazy in Love\" is a song by American singer Beyoncé featuring American rapper Jay-Z, from Beyoncé's debut solo studio album \"Dangerously in Love\" (2003).", "Crazy in Love __knowledge__ Both artists wrote and composed the song in collaboration with Rich Harrison and Eugene Record; the former also produced it with Beyoncé.", "Crazy in Love __knowledge__ Using samples from The Chi-Lites's 1970 song \"Are You My Woman (Tell Me So)\", \"Crazy in Love\" is a contemporary R&B and pop love song that incorporates elements of hip hop, soul, and 1970s-style funk music.", "Crazy in Love __knowledge__ Its lyrics describe a romantic obsession that causes the protagonist to act out of character.", "Crazy in Love __knowledge__ Columbia Records released \"Crazy in Love\" as the lead single from \"Dangerously in Love\" on May 18, 2003.", "Battle of Slim Buttes __knowledge__ The Battle of Slim Buttes was fought on September 9 and 10, 1876, in the Great Sioux Reservation in the Dakota Territory, between the United States Army and the Sioux.", "Battle of Slim Buttes __knowledge__ The Battle of Slim Buttes was the first U.S. Army victory of the Great Sioux War of 1876 after George Armstrong Custer's defeat at the Battle of Little Bighorn on June 25 and 26, 1876.", "Battle of Slim Buttes __knowledge__ Brigadier General George Crook, one of the U.S. Army’s ablest Indian fighters, led the \"Horsemeat March,\" one of the most grueling military expeditions in U.S. history, destroying Oglala Chief American Horse’s village at Slim Buttes and repelling a counter-attack by Crazy Horse.", "Robert Edmund Strahorn __knowledge__ Robert Edmund Strahorn (May 15, 1852 – March 31, 1944) is notable in American history as a war correspondent with the New York Times, Chicago Tribune and the Rocky Mountain News during the Great Sioux War of 1876, a scout and publicist for the Union Pacific Railroad, and a visionary builder of the Pacific Northwest.", "Robert Edmund Strahorn __knowledge__ Strahorn was a journalist and adventurer who shaped images of the American West.", "Robert Edmund Strahorn __knowledge__ No man knew the West as he knew it, and few persons had a more active or important if less prominent part in the building of the West.", "Robert Edmund Strahorn __knowledge__ Robert Edmund Strahorn was born near Bellefonte, Centre County, Pennsylvania, on May 15, 1852.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The Texarkana Moonlight Murders, a term coined by the news media, references the unsolved murders committed in and around Texarkana in the spring of 1946 by an unidentified serial killer known as the \"Phantom Killer\", or \"Phantom Slayer\".", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The killer is credited with attacking eight people within ten weeks, five of whom were killed.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The attacks happened on weekends between February 22, 1946 and May 3, 1946.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The first two victims, Jimmy Hollis and Mary Larey, survived.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The first double murder, which involved Richard Griffin and Polly Ann Moore, happened four weeks later.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The second double-homicide, involving Paul Martin and Betty Jo Booker, occurred exactly three weeks from the first murders.", "Crazy for You (Madonna song) __knowledge__ \"Crazy for You\" is a song by American singer Madonna, written by John Bettis and Jon Lind, from the soundtrack album to the 1985 film \"Vision Quest\".", "Crazy for You (Madonna song) __knowledge__ It was released on March 2, 1985 by Geffen Records as the first single from the soundtrack.", "Crazy for You (Madonna song) __knowledge__ The song appears remixed on the greatest hits compilation \"The Immaculate Collection\" (1990) and was re-released on February 24, 1991 by Sire Records to promote the album.", "Crazy for You (Madonna song) __knowledge__ The song was also included on the ballads compilation \"Something to Remember\" (1995) and the greatest hits compilation \"Celebration\" (2009).", "Crazy for You (Madonna song) __knowledge__ Producers Jon Peters and Peter Guber, along with music director Phil Ramone, decided to use Madonna after listening to her previous recordings, employing John Bettis and Jon Lind to write the song.", "High school dropouts in the United States __knowledge__ The United States Department of Education's measurement of the \"status\" dropout rate is the percentage of 16 to 24-year-olds who are not enrolled in school and have not earned a high school credential.", "High school dropouts in the United States __knowledge__ This rate is different from the event dropout rate and related measures of the status completion and average freshman completion rates.", "High school dropouts in the United States __knowledge__ The status high school dropout rate in 2009 was 8.1%.", "High school dropouts in the United States __knowledge__ There are many risk factors for high school dropouts.", "High school dropouts in the United States __knowledge__ These can be categorized into social and academic risk factors.", "High school dropouts in the United States __knowledge__ Members of racial and ethnic minority groups drop out at higher rates than White students, as do those from low-income families, from single-parent households, mentally disabled students, and from families in which one or both parents also did not complete high school.", "Ninth grade __knowledge__ Ninth grade (called Grade 9 in some regions) is the ninth post-kindergarten year of school education in some school systems.", "Ninth grade __knowledge__ In some school systems, ninth grade is considered the last grade year of middle school.", "Ninth grade __knowledge__ Students are usually 14–15 years old.", "Ninth grade __knowledge__ In the United States, it is often called Freshman year.", "Ninth grade __knowledge__ In England and Wales, the equivalent educational year is Year Ten.", "Ninth grade __knowledge__ In Scotland the equivalent educational year is Third Year or S3, as this is the third year of compulsory secondary schooling.", "Ninth grade __knowledge__ In Australia, secondary school (sometimes referred to as high school) starts in grade 8 for South Australia and grade 7 for New South Wales, Queensland , Tasmania, Western Australia and Victoria.", "Education in Portugal __knowledge__ Education in Portugal is free and compulsory until the age of 18, when students complete the 12th grade.", "Education in Portugal __knowledge__ The education is regulated by the State through the Ministry of Education.", "Education in Portugal __knowledge__ There is a system of public education and also many private schools at all levels of education.", "Education in Portugal __knowledge__ The first Portuguese medieval universities, such as the University of Coimbra, were created in the 13th century, and the national higher education system is fully integrated into the European Higher Education Area.", "Education in Portugal __knowledge__ The basic literacy rate of the Portuguese population is 95.7% (97.1% male, 94.4% female).", "Education in Portugal __knowledge__ According to INE (Portuguese Institute for National Statistics), only 3.7 million Portuguese workers (67% of the working active population) completed basic education (81% of the working population attained the lower basic level of education and 12% attained the intermediate level of education).", "Racial achievement gap in the United States __knowledge__ The racial achievement gap in the United States refers to the educational disparities between various ethnic groups.", "Racial achievement gap in the United States __knowledge__ It manifests itself in a variety of ways: among students, blacks and Hispanics are more likely to receive lower grades, score lower on standardized tests, drop out of high school, and they are less likely to enter and complete college than whites, who similarly score lower than Asians.", "Racial achievement gap in the United States __knowledge__ The evidence, antecedents, implications, and successes of the achievement gap are discussed below.", "Racial achievement gap in the United States __knowledge__ Over the past 45 years, students in the United States have made notable gains in academic achievement.", "High school dropouts __knowledge__ Dropping out means leaving high school, college, university or another group for practical reasons, necessities, or disillusionment with the system from which the individual in question leaves.", "High school dropouts __knowledge__ In Canada, most individuals graduate grade 12 by the age of 18, according to Jason Gilmore who collects data of employment and education using the Labour Force Survey.", "High school dropouts __knowledge__ The LFS is the official survey used to collect unemployment data in Canada (2010).", "High school dropouts __knowledge__ Using this tool, assessing educational attainment and school attendance can calculate a dropout rate (Gilmore, 2010).", "High school dropouts __knowledge__ It was found by the LFS that by 2009, 1 in 12 20-24-year-old adults did not have a high school diploma (Gilmore, 2010).", "Selinsgrove Area School District __knowledge__ Selinsgrove Area School District is a mid-sized, suburban/rural public school district centered in Selinsgrove, Pennsylvania in eastern Snyder County, Pennsylvania.", "Selinsgrove Area School District __knowledge__ The Selinsgrove Area School District encompasses approximately .", "Selinsgrove Area School District __knowledge__ The district is one of the 500 public school districts of Pennsylvania.", "Selinsgrove Area School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, it serves a resident population of 21,015 people.", "Selinsgrove Area School District __knowledge__ In 2010 the district's population increased to 22,259 people.", "Selinsgrove Area School District __knowledge__ District enrollment has declined to approximately 2700 students clustered on a campus located in the borough of Selinsgrove.", "Selinsgrove Area School District __knowledge__ The Pennsylvania Department of Education projected a continued decline in enrollment to 2,500 in 2010.", "Beaumont High School (St. Louis) __knowledge__ Beaumont High School was a public high school in St. Louis, Missouri that was part of the St. Louis Public Schools that closed after the final graduating class on May 14, 2014.", "Beaumont High School (St. Louis) __knowledge__ After Beaumont was founded in 1926, it became noted for producing several Major League Baseball players in the 1940s and 1950s.", "Beaumont High School (St. Louis) __knowledge__ During the Civil Rights Movement, the high school's integration was featured in a documentary film that was nominated for an Academy Award.", "Beaumont High School (St. Louis) __knowledge__ After the closure of Little Rock Central High School after its integration crisis, three members of the Little Rock Nine completed coursework at Beaumont.", "Beaumont High School (St. Louis) __knowledge__ After the 1970s, however, the school re-segregated as an all-black school, and from the 1970s through the 1990s, the school suffered deteriorating physical conditions, security, and academics." ] ]

[ 2, 2, 8, 1 ]

[ "Oh mine too! I love his happy little accidents on the Joy of Painting!", "Only 11 years from 1983 to 1994 on PBS, but it seemed like all of my childhood! ", "You know, I don't recall either. I do know he was a high school dropout in 9th grade, and he then became a carpenter, and lost part a finger!!", "Not very old at all. October 1942- July 1995 so 53? Barely older than me currently!" ]

[ "Bob Ross", "Bob Ross", "Bob Ross", "Bob Ross" ]

[ "Sweden", "I think it would be a really neat place to visit.", "I did not know that. It is a popular tourist destination?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sweden __knowledge__ Sweden ( ; ), officially the Kingdom of Sweden (Swedish: ), is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe.", "Sweden __knowledge__ It borders Norway to the west and north and Finland to the east, and is connected to Denmark in the southwest by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund.", "Sweden __knowledge__ At , Sweden is the third-largest country in the European Union by area.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Sweden has a total population of 10 million of which 2.3 million has a foreign background.", "Sweden __knowledge__ It has a low population density of ; the highest concentration is in the southern half of the country.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Approximately 85% of the population lives in urban areas.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Germanic peoples have inhabited Sweden since prehistoric times, emerging into history as the Geats (Swedish Götar) and Swedes (Svear) and constituting the sea peoples known as the Norsemen.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Southern Sweden is predominantly agricultural, while the north is heavily forested.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Sweden is part of the geographical area of Fennoscandia.", "Sweden __knowledge__ The climate is in general very mild for its northerly latitude due to significant maritime influence, that in spite of this still retains warm continental summers.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Today, Sweden is a constitutional monarchy and parliamentary democracy, with a monarch as head of state, like its neighbour Norway." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sweden __knowledge__ Sweden ( ; ), officially the Kingdom of Sweden (Swedish: ), is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe.", "Sweden __knowledge__ It borders Norway to the west and north and Finland to the east, and is connected to Denmark in the southwest by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund.", "Sweden __knowledge__ At , Sweden is the third-largest country in the European Union by area.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Sweden has a total population of 10 million of which 2.3 million has a foreign background.", "Sweden __knowledge__ It has a low population density of ; the highest concentration is in the southern half of the country.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Approximately 85% of the population lives in urban areas.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Germanic peoples have inhabited Sweden since prehistoric times, emerging into history as the Geats (Swedish Götar) and Swedes (Svear) and constituting the sea peoples known as the Norsemen.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Southern Sweden is predominantly agricultural, while the north is heavily forested.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Sweden is part of the geographical area of Fennoscandia.", "Sweden __knowledge__ The climate is in general very mild for its northerly latitude due to significant maritime influence, that in spite of this still retains warm continental summers.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Today, Sweden is a constitutional monarchy and parliamentary democracy, with a monarch as head of state, like its neighbour Norway.", "Crackout (band) __knowledge__ Crackout were an English three-piece pop punk band, formed in Bicester, Oxfordshire in 1997.", "Crackout (band) __knowledge__ The band released two albums and a handful of singles, and toured with artists such as Sum 41, Seafood, Haven and Span before disbanding in late 2005.", "Crackout (band) __knowledge__ The band, singer-guitarist Steven Eagles, drummer Nicholas Millard and bassist Rachel Lavelle, were all 16 years old when they signed to the Shifty Disco label after playing only eight gigs as 'Crackout' (named after 'Brian Krakow', a character in American TV teen drama, \"My So-Called Life\").", "Crackout (band) __knowledge__ Within four weeks of the record label first seeing the band live, they had recorded and released their debut \"Chuck\" single.", "Gary Friedrich __knowledge__ Gary Friedrich (; born August 21, 1943) is an American comic book writer best known for his Silver Age stories for Marvel Comics' \"Sgt.", "Gary Friedrich __knowledge__ Fury and his Howling Commandos\", and, in the following era, for the series \"The Monster of Frankenstein\" and for co-creating the supernatural motorcyclist the Ghost Rider and the supernatural hero the Son of Satan.", "Gary Friedrich __knowledge__ Friedrich – no relation to fellow comics writer Mike Friedrich – was the first successful new writer brought into the burgeoning 1960s Marvel after fellow Missourian Roy Thomas.", "Gary Friedrich __knowledge__ Succeeding Thomas on \"Sgt.", "Gary Friedrich __knowledge__ Fury\", Friedrich and the art team of Dick Ayers and John Severin produced a World War II series for the Vietnam years, combining militaristic camaraderie and gung ho humor with a regretful sense of war as a terrible last resort.", "Washington Monument __knowledge__ The Washington Monument is an obelisk on the National Mall in Washington, D.C., built to commemorate George Washington, once commander-in-chief of the Continental Army and the first President of the United States.", "Washington Monument __knowledge__ Located almost due east of the Reflecting Pool and the Lincoln Memorial, the monument, made of marble, granite, and bluestone gneiss, is both the world's tallest stone structure and the world's tallest obelisk, standing tall according to the National Geodetic Survey (measured 2013–14) or tall according to the National Park Service (measured 1884).", "Washington Monument __knowledge__ It is the tallest monumental column in the world if all are measured above their pedestrian entrances.", "Red Museum __knowledge__ \"Red Museum\" is the tenth episode of the second season of the science fiction television series \"The X-Files\".", "Red Museum __knowledge__ It premiered on the Fox network on December 9, 1994.", "Red Museum __knowledge__ It was written by Chris Carter, directed by Win Phelps, and featured guest appearances by Mark Rolston, Paul Sand, Bob Frazer, and Robert Clothier.", "Red Museum __knowledge__ The episode helps to explore the series' overarching mythology.", "Red Museum __knowledge__ \"Red Museum\" earned a Nielsen household rating of 10.4, being watched by 9.9 million households in its initial broadcast.", "Red Museum __knowledge__ The episode received mixed to negative reviews from critics, with many noting the episode's complexity as a detractor.", "2016 Hellmann's 500 __knowledge__ The 2016 Hellmann's 500 was a NASCAR Sprint Cup Series race held on October 23, 2016, at Talladega Superspeedway in Lincoln, Alabama.", "2016 Hellmann's 500 __knowledge__ Contested over 188 laps on the 2.66 mile (4.2 km) superspeedway, it was the 32nd race of the 2016 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series season, sixth race of the Chase and final race of the Round of 12.", "2016 Hellmann's 500 __knowledge__ Talladega Superspeedway, originally known as Alabama International Motor Superspeedway (AIMS), is a motorsports complex located north of Talladega, Alabama.", "2016 Hellmann's 500 __knowledge__ It is located on the former Anniston Air Force Base in the small city of Lincoln.", "2016 Hellmann's 500 __knowledge__ The track is a tri-oval and was constructed in the 1960s by the International Speedway Corporation, a business controlled by the France Family.", "Social Distortion __knowledge__ Social Distortion is an American punk rock band formed in 1978 in Fullerton, California.", "Social Distortion __knowledge__ The band currently consists of Mike Ness (lead vocals, lead guitar), Jonny Wickersham (rhythm guitar, backing vocals), Brent Harding (bass, backing vocals), David Hidalgo Jr. (drums), and David Kalish (keyboards).", "Social Distortion __knowledge__ Social Distortion went on a temporary hiatus in the mid-1980s, due to Ness' drug addiction and troubles with the law which resulted in extended stints in various rehabilitation centers that lasted for two years.", "Social Distortion __knowledge__ Since its inception, the band lineup has been a virtual revolving-door of talent with many members coming and going – Ness has been the only constant member.", "Black Cat (song) __knowledge__ \"Black Cat\" is a song by American singer Janet Jackson, released as the sixth single from her fourth studio album \"Janet Jackson's Rhythm Nation 1814\" (1989).", "Black Cat (song) __knowledge__ It was written by Jackson, and produced by Jackson with Jellybean Johnson.", "Black Cat (song) __knowledge__ In a departure from her standard of industrial-based dance-pop, \"Black Cat\" is a pastiche of hard rock and heavy metal with influences of punk, dance-rock, and glam metal.", "Black Cat (song) __knowledge__ Its lyrics speak of substance abuse and gang violence.", "Black Cat (song) __knowledge__ It was the final song recorded for the album, after Jackson composed its main riff when desiring a rock song to complete the record.", "Black Cat (song) __knowledge__ \"Black Cat\" was well received among critics, who praised Jackson's \"maximum advantage\" vocals and her seamless foray into the hard rock genre.", "Denmark __knowledge__ Denmark (; , ), officially the Kingdom of Denmark, is a Nordic country and a sovereign state.", "Denmark __knowledge__ The southernmost of the Scandinavian nations, it is south-west of Sweden and south of Norway, and bordered to the south by Germany.", "Denmark __knowledge__ The Kingdom of Denmark also comprises two autonomous constituent countries in the North Atlantic Ocean: the Faroe Islands and Greenland.", "Denmark __knowledge__ Denmark proper consists of a peninsula, Jutland, and an archipelago of 443 named islands, with the largest being Zealand, Funen and the North Jutlandic Island.", "Denmark __knowledge__ The islands are characterised by flat, arable land and sandy coasts, low elevation and a temperate climate.", "History of Denmark __knowledge__ The history of Denmark as a unified kingdom began in the 8th century, but historic documents describe the geographic area and the people living there—the Danes—as early as 500 AD.", "History of Denmark __knowledge__ These early documents include the writings of Jordanes and Procopius.", "History of Denmark __knowledge__ With the Christianization of the Danes c. 960 AD, it is clear that there existed a kingship in Scandinavia, controlling the current Danish territory roughly speaking.", "History of Denmark __knowledge__ Queen Margrethe II can trace her lineage back to the Viking kings Gorm the Old and Harald Bluetooth from this time, thus making the Monarchy of Denmark the oldest in Europe.", "History of Denmark __knowledge__ The area now known as Denmark has a rich prehistory, having been populated by several prehistoric cultures and people for about 12,000 years, since the end of the last ice age.", "Norway __knowledge__ Norway ( ; Norwegian: (Bokmål) or (Nynorsk); ), officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a sovereign state and unitary monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula plus the remote island of Jan Mayen and the archipelago of Svalbard.", "Norway __knowledge__ The Antarctic Peter I Island and the sub-Antarctic Bouvet Island are dependent territories and thus not considered part of the Kingdom.", "Norway __knowledge__ Norway also lays claim to a section of Antarctica known as Queen Maud Land.", "Norway __knowledge__ Until 1814, the kingdom included the Faroe Islands, Greenland, and Iceland.", "Norway __knowledge__ It also included Bohuslän until 1658, Jämtland and Härjedalen until 1645, Shetland and Orkney until 1468, and the Hebrides and Isle of Man until 1266.", "Vikings __knowledge__ Vikings (Old English: \"wicing\"—\"pirate\", Danish and ; Swedish and ; , from Old Norse) were Norse seafarers, mainly speaking the Old Norse language, who raided and traded from their Northern European homelands across wide areas of northern, central, eastern and western Europe, during the late 8th to late 11th centuries.", "Vikings __knowledge__ The term is also commonly extended in modern English and other vernaculars to the inhabitants of Viking home communities during what has become known as the Viking Age.", "Vikings __knowledge__ This period of Nordic military, mercantile and demographic expansion constitutes an important element in the early medieval history of Scandinavia, Estonia, the British Isles, France, Kievan Rus' and Sicily.", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945) __knowledge__ The Blockade of Germany (1939–1945), also known as the Economic War, was carried out during World War II by the United Kingdom and France in order to restrict the supplies of minerals, metals, food and textiles needed by Nazi Germany - and later Fascist Italy - in order to sustain their war efforts.", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945) __knowledge__ The economic war consisted mainly of a naval blockade which formed part of the wider Battle of the Atlantic, and included the preclusive buying of war materials from neutral countries to prevent their sale to the enemy.", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945) __knowledge__ There were four distinct phases of the blockade.", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945) __knowledge__ The first period was from the beginning of European hostilities in September 1939 to the end of the \"Phoney War,\" during which the Allies and Axis Powers both intercepted neutral merchant ships to seize deliveries en route to the enemy.", "History of Scandinavia __knowledge__ The history of Scandinavia is the history of the region of northern Europe comprising Denmark, Norway, and Sweden.", "History of Scandinavia __knowledge__ Finland and Iceland are at times considered part of Scandinavia.", "History of Scandinavia __knowledge__ Little evidence remains in Scandinavia of the Stone Age, the Bronze Age, or the Iron Age except limited numbers of tools created from stone, bronze, and iron, some jewelry and ornaments, and stone burial cairns.", "History of Scandinavia __knowledge__ One important collection that exists, however, is a widespread and rich collection of stone drawings known as petroglyphs.", "History of Scandinavia __knowledge__ As the ice receded, reindeer grazed on the flat lands of Denmark and southernmost Sweden." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sweden __knowledge__ Sweden ( ; ), officially the Kingdom of Sweden (Swedish: ), is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe.", "Sweden __knowledge__ It borders Norway to the west and north and Finland to the east, and is connected to Denmark in the southwest by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund.", "Sweden __knowledge__ At , Sweden is the third-largest country in the European Union by area.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Sweden has a total population of 10 million of which 2.3 million has a foreign background.", "Sweden __knowledge__ It has a low population density of ; the highest concentration is in the southern half of the country.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Approximately 85% of the population lives in urban areas.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Germanic peoples have inhabited Sweden since prehistoric times, emerging into history as the Geats (Swedish Götar) and Swedes (Svear) and constituting the sea peoples known as the Norsemen.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Southern Sweden is predominantly agricultural, while the north is heavily forested.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Sweden is part of the geographical area of Fennoscandia.", "Sweden __knowledge__ The climate is in general very mild for its northerly latitude due to significant maritime influence, that in spite of this still retains warm continental summers.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Today, Sweden is a constitutional monarchy and parliamentary democracy, with a monarch as head of state, like its neighbour Norway.", "Tourism in India by state __knowledge__ Tourism in India is economically important and is growing rapidly.", "Tourism in India by state __knowledge__ The World Travel & Tourism Council calculated that tourism generated or 9.6% of the nation's GDP in 2016 and supported 40.343 million jobs, 9.3% of its total employment.", "Tourism in India by state __knowledge__ The sector is predicted to grow at an annual rate of 6.8% to by 2027 (10% of GDP).", "Tourism in India by state __knowledge__ Various states and union territories of India attract tourists due to diversity among them.", "Tourism in India by state __knowledge__ Tourism is the major revenue generating industry in Andaman and Nicobar Islands.", "Tourism in India by state __knowledge__ According to official estimates, the flow of tourists in the Andamans was doubled to nearly 300,000 in 2012 from 130,000 in 2008–09.", "Tourism in Indonesia __knowledge__ Tourism in Indonesia is an important component of the Indonesian economy as well as a significant source of its foreign exchange revenues.", "Tourism in Indonesia __knowledge__ The vast country of sprawling archipelago has much to offer, from natural beauty, historical heritage to cultural diversity.", "Tourism in Indonesia __knowledge__ According to the World Travel and Tourism Council, the direct contribution of travel and tourism to Indonesia's GDP in 2014 was IDR 325,467 billion (US$26,162 million) constituting 3.2% of the total GDP.", "Tourism in Indonesia __knowledge__ By 2019, the Indonesian government wants to have doubled this figure to 8 percent of GDP and the number of visitors needs to double to about 20 million.", "Tourist attraction __knowledge__ A tourist attraction is a place of interest where tourists visit, typically for its inherent or exhibited natural or cultural value, historical significance, natural or built beauty, offering leisure, adventure and amusement.", "Tourist attraction __knowledge__ Natural beauty such as beaches, tropical island resorts with coral reefs, hiking and camping in national parks, mountains, deserts and forests, are examples of traditional tourist attractions to spend summer vacations.", "Tourist attraction __knowledge__ Other examples of cultural tourist attractions include historical places, monuments, ancient temples, zoos, aquaria, museums and art galleries, botanical gardens, buildings and structures (e.g., castles, libraries, former prisons, skyscrapers, bridges), theme parks and carnivals, living history museums, signs, ethnic enclave communities, historic trains and cultural events.", "Tourism in Tamil Nadu __knowledge__ Tamil Nadu is a state in the south-eastern part of the Indian Peninsula.", "Tourism in Tamil Nadu __knowledge__ Tamilnadu is previously a part of the United Madras Province, which was later partitioned based on languages.", "Tourism in Tamil Nadu __knowledge__ Tamilnadu has more than 4,000 years of continuous cultural history.", "Tourism in Tamil Nadu __knowledge__ Tamil Nadu has some of the most remarkable temple architecture in the country, and a living tradition of music, dance, folk arts and fine arts.", "Tourism in Tamil Nadu __knowledge__ Tamil Nadu is well renowned for its temple towns and heritage sites, hill stations, waterfalls, national parks, local cuisine and the natural environment and wildlife.", "Tourism in Tamil Nadu __knowledge__ The state has the largest tourism industry in India with an annual growth rate of 16%.", "Tourism in Turkey __knowledge__ Tourism in Turkey is focused largely on a variety of historical sites, and on seaside resorts along its Aegean and Mediterranean Sea coasts.", "Tourism in Turkey __knowledge__ Turkey has also become a popular destination for culture, spa, and health care tourism.", "Tourism in Turkey __knowledge__ At its height in 2014, Turkey attracted around 42 million foreign tourists, ranking as the 6th most popular tourist destination in the world.", "Tourism in Turkey __knowledge__ This number however declined to around 36 million in 2015, deteriorated to around 25 million in 2016 and still further in 2017, due to the 2016–17 purges in Turkey, terrorist attacks and the unfavorable image abroad of the Erdogan government.", "Tourism in Italy __knowledge__ With 48.6 million tourists a year (2014), Italy is the fifth most visited country in international tourism arrivals.", "Tourism in Italy __knowledge__ People mainly visit Italy for its rich culture, cuisine, history, fashion and art, its beautiful coastline and beaches, its mountains, and priceless ancient monuments.", "Tourism in Italy __knowledge__ Italy also contains more World Heritage Sites than any other country in the world.", "Tourism in Italy __knowledge__ Tourism is one of Italy's fastest growing and most profitable industrial sectors, with an estimated revenue of €189.1 billion.", "Tourism in Italy __knowledge__ People have visited Italy for centuries, yet the first to visit the peninsula for touristic reasons were aristocrats during the Grand Tour, beginning in the late 17th century, and flourishing in the 18th century.Rome, as the capital of the powerful and influential Roman Empire, attracted thousands to the city and country from all over the empire, which included most of the Mediterranean, Northern Africa, mainland Great Britain (England) and the parts of the Middle East.", "Tourism in Bangladesh __knowledge__ Bangladesh's tourist attractions include historical and monuments, resorts, beaches, picnic spots, forests and tribal people, wildlife of various species.", "Tourism in Bangladesh __knowledge__ Activities for tourists include angling, water skiing, river cruising, hiking, rowing, yachting, and sea bathing.", "Tourism in Bangladesh __knowledge__ In the northern part, comprising the Rajshahi division, there are archaeological sites, including the temple city Puthia in Rajshahi; the largest and most ancient archaeological site, Mahasthangarh in Bogra; the single largest Buddhist monastery, Paharpur in Naogaon; the most ornamental terracota Hindu temple, Kantaji Temple, and many rajbaris or palaces of old zamindars.", "Ethnic groups in Baltimore __knowledge__ There have been various ethnic groups in Baltimore, Maryland and its surrounding area since it was founded as a British colony in 1661.", "Ethnic groups in Baltimore __knowledge__ Native Americans lived in the Baltimore territory for millennia before European colonization, and some still reside in the city.", "Ethnic groups in Baltimore __knowledge__ Since the first English settlers arrived, substantial immigration from all over Europe, migration of African-Americans from the Deep South, out-migration of White Southerners from Appalachia, and new waves of more recent immigrants from Latin America, the Caribbean, Asia and Africa have added layers of complexity to the workforce and culture of Baltimore, as well as the religious and ethnic fabric of the city.", "Plug-in electric vehicle __knowledge__ A plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) is any motor vehicle that can be recharged from an external source of electricity, such as wall sockets, and the electricity stored in the rechargeable battery packs drives or contributes to drive the wheels.", "Plug-in electric vehicle __knowledge__ PEV is a subset of electric vehicles that includes all-electric or battery electric vehicles (BEVs), plug-in hybrid vehicles (PHEVs), and electric vehicle conversions of hybrid electric vehicles and conventional internal combustion engine vehicles.", "Plug-in electric vehicle __knowledge__ In China, plug-in electric vehicles are called new energy vehicles (NEVs).", "Plug-in electric vehicle __knowledge__ Plug-in cars have several benefits compared to conventional internal combustion engine vehicles.", "Plug-in electric vehicles in Europe __knowledge__ The adoption of plug-in electric vehicles in Europe is actively supported by the European Union and several European government have set public subsidies and other non-financial incentives to promote widespread adoption.", "Plug-in electric vehicles in Europe __knowledge__ , about 943,600 plug-in electric passenger cars and vans have been registered in Europe, the second largest stock after China.", "Plug-in electric vehicles in Europe __knowledge__ , European sales of plug-in cars and vans are led by Norway with over 200,000 units registered, followed by France with almost 158,000, and the UK with over 137,000 units.", "Plug-in electric vehicles in Europe __knowledge__ Cumulative sales of light-duty plug-in electric vehicles in Europe passed the 500,000 unit milestone in May 2016.", "French people __knowledge__ The French () are an ethnic group and nation who are identified with the country of France.", "French people __knowledge__ This connection may be legal, historical, or cultural.", "French people __knowledge__ Historically the French people's heritage is diverse, including populations of Gauls, Ligures, Latins, Franks, Iberians, Alamans and Norsemen.", "French people __knowledge__ France has long been a patchwork of local customs and regional differences, and while most French people still speak the French language as their mother tongue, languages like Norman, Occitan, Catalan, Auvergnat, Corsican, Basque, French Flemish, Lorraine Franconian, Alsatian and Breton remain spoken in their respective regions.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ This article provides an overview of the automotive industry in countries around the world.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ The United States was the world's largest automobile producer by volume from the early years of the 20th century until the 1980s, when it was overtaken by Japan.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ In 2009, China became the world's largest vehicle producer.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ Algeria's automotive industry is among the largest on the African continent (together with South Africa, Egypt and Morocco) and can exceed 500,000 units a year.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ Renault is the largest manufacturer with an estimated 25.5 percent of the national car market.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ Other carmakers represented there include Volkswagen (second largest), Peugeot, Hyundai (fifth largest), Nissan, and Fiat.", "Russia __knowledge__ Russia (; ), also officially known as the Russian Federation (), is a sovereign country in Eurasia.", "Russia __knowledge__ At , Russia is the largest country in the world by area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 144 million people at the end of March 2016.", "Russia __knowledge__ The European western part of the country is much more populated and urbanised than the eastern; about 77% of the population live in European Russia.", "Russia __knowledge__ Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world; other major urban centers include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg, Chelyabinsk, Nizhny Novgorod, Ufa, and Kazan." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 6 ]

[ "Sweden is one of the Scandinavian nations in Northern Europe", "Sweden is apparently the third largest European nation by area.", "I think so. Some of the cities and areas are. Apparently 85% of the population lives within urban areas." ]

[ "Sweden", "Sweden", "Sweden" ]

[ "Welsh Corgi\nI have a small Welsh Corgi, I love to take him for walks.", "I've heard that Corgi itself means something in Welsh, do you know what?", "Oh that explains why they're so small. Do you have any dogs yourself?", "That's a very human name for a dog haha, what breed is it?", "Oh those are great dogs, very smart and protective." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Welsh Corgi, sometimes known as just a Corgi (, Welsh for \"dwarf dog\"; plural \"corgis\" or occasionally the etymologically consistent \"corgwn\" ()), is a small type of herding dog that originated in Wales.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Two separate breeds are recognized: the Pembroke Welsh Corgi and the Cardigan Welsh Corgi.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Historically, the Pembroke has been attributed to the influx of dogs alongside Flemish weavers from around the 10th century, while the Cardigan is attributed to the dogs brought with Norse settlers, in particular a common ancestor of the Swedish Vallhund.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ A certain degree of interbreeding between the two types has been suggested to explain the similarities between the two.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Pembroke is the more popular breed of dog, with the Cardigan Welsh Corgi appearing on The Kennel Club's list of Vulnerable Native Breeds.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ There are several physical differences between the two types according to the breed standards: the Cardigan is larger overall, both in weight and in height.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Traditionally, the tails were of different shapes, but docking had previously been used.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ With regards to their health, according to a 2004 survey, they both had similar lifespans, although kidney or urethral conditions are more likely in the Pembrokes.", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Pembroke Welsh Corgi (; Welsh for \"dwarf dog\") is a cattle herding dog breed which originated in Pembrokeshire, Wales.", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ It is one of two breeds known as a Welsh Corgi.", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The other is the Cardigan Welsh Corgi, and both descend from the line that is the northern spitz-type dog (examples include that of the Siberian Husky).", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Another theory is that Pembrokes are descended from the Swedish Vallhunds, which were crossed with the local Welsh herding dogs.", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Pembroke Welsh Corgi is the younger of the two Corgi breeds and is a separate and distinct breed from the Cardigan.", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The corgi is one of the smallest dogs in the Herding Group.", "Corgi Toys __knowledge__ Corgi Toys (trademark) is the name of a range of die-cast toy vehicles produced by Mettoy Playcraft Ltd. in the United Kingdom.", "Corgi Toys __knowledge__ The Mettoy (Metal Toy) company was founded in 1933 by German émigré Philip Ullmann in Northampton, England, where he was later joined by South African-born German Arthur Katz, who had previously worked for Ullmann at his toy company Tipp and Co of Nuremberg.", "Corgi Toys __knowledge__ They decided to market a range of toy vehicles as competition to Meccano's Dinky Toys model vehicles, which had dominated the British market for many years.", "Corgi Toys __knowledge__ Corgi Toys were introduced in the UK in July 1956 and were manufactured in Swansea, Wales, for 27 years before the company went into liquidation.", "Cardigan Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Cardigan Welsh Corgi is one of two separate dog breeds known as Welsh corgis that originated in Wales, predating the other breed, the Pembroke Welsh Corgi.", "Cardigan Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ It is one of the oldest breeds of the British Isles.", "Cardigan Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Cardigan Welsh Corgis are known to be an extremely loyal dog breed.", "Cardigan Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ They are also versatile and can live in a variety of settings.", "Cardigan Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ However, they benefit from regular physical and mental stimulation.", "Cardigan Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Pembrokes and Cardigans first appeared together in dog shows in 1925 when they were shown under the rules of The Kennel Club in Britain.", "Cardigan Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Corgi Club was founded in December, 1925 in Carmarthen in South Wales.", "Queen Elizabeth's corgis __knowledge__ Queen Elizabeth's corgis are the Welsh Corgi dogs owned by Queen Elizabeth II and her parents, Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother and King George VI.", "Queen Elizabeth's corgis __knowledge__ Fond of corgis since she was a small child, Elizabeth II has owned more than 30 corgis since she became Queen of the United Kingdom and the other Commonwealth realms in 1952.", "Queen Elizabeth's corgis __knowledge__ The Queen Mother introduced a disciplined regimen for the dogs; each was to have its own wicker basket, raised above the floor to avoid draughts.", "Queen Elizabeth's corgis __knowledge__ Meals were served for each dog in its own dish, the diet approved by veterinary experts with no titbits from the royal table.", "Queen Elizabeth's corgis __knowledge__ The corgis thus enjoy a privileged life at Buckingham Palace.", "Corgi International __knowledge__ Corgi International Limited \"(formerly known as Zindart International Limited)\" is a company rooted in the old Welsh Corgi Toys started in the late 1950s.", "Corgi International __knowledge__ That company was later acquired by Mattel around 1990, then made independent.", "Corgi International __knowledge__ Today, Corgi consists of three distinct brands that manufacture movie prop replicas, die-cast collectibles, and gift and toy products.", "Corgi International __knowledge__ Corgi International also distributes trading cards and movie memorabilia through a separate brand.", "Corgi International __knowledge__ In July 1977, Zindart International Limited was incorporated in Hong Kong as a limited company under the Hong Kong Companies Ordinance initially to operate a manufacturing facility.", "Husky Toys __knowledge__ Husky was a brand name for a line of small die-cast toy vehicles manufactured by Mettoy Playcraft Ltd. of Swansea, Wales, which also made the larger Corgi Toys.", "Husky Toys __knowledge__ Husky Models was re-branded Corgi Juniors in 1970, and a further range called Corgi Rockets was developed to race on track sets.", "Husky Toys __knowledge__ The Husky line, introduced in 1964, was designed to compete in size with the \"1-75 series\" Matchbox, which were the market leaders in small-scale toy vehicles at the time.", "Husky Toys __knowledge__ Husky cars and trucks were inexpensive and originally sold only at Woolworth's stores at a price which undercut their rival.", "Husky Toys __knowledge__ The Husky line numbered about 75 vehicles at its peak, the same number as Matchbox, although unlike the Lesney product Huskys were sold in blister packs allowing the model to be clearly seen when on display." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Welsh Corgi, sometimes known as just a Corgi (, Welsh for \"dwarf dog\"; plural \"corgis\" or occasionally the etymologically consistent \"corgwn\" ()), is a small type of herding dog that originated in Wales.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Two separate breeds are recognized: the Pembroke Welsh Corgi and the Cardigan Welsh Corgi.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Historically, the Pembroke has been attributed to the influx of dogs alongside Flemish weavers from around the 10th century, while the Cardigan is attributed to the dogs brought with Norse settlers, in particular a common ancestor of the Swedish Vallhund.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ A certain degree of interbreeding between the two types has been suggested to explain the similarities between the two.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Pembroke is the more popular breed of dog, with the Cardigan Welsh Corgi appearing on The Kennel Club's list of Vulnerable Native Breeds.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ There are several physical differences between the two types according to the breed standards: the Cardigan is larger overall, both in weight and in height.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Traditionally, the tails were of different shapes, but docking had previously been used.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ With regards to their health, according to a 2004 survey, they both had similar lifespans, although kidney or urethral conditions are more likely in the Pembrokes.", "Tony Kanaan __knowledge__ Antoine Rizkallah Kanaan \"Tony\" Filho (born 31 December 1974), more commonly known as Tony Kanaan, is a Brazilian racing driver.", "Tony Kanaan __knowledge__ Kanaan won the 2013 Indianapolis 500 and the 2004 IndyCar Series championship.", "Tony Kanaan __knowledge__ In that season he completed 3,305 laps, making him the first IndyCar Series driver to complete every possible lap in a season.", "Tony Kanaan __knowledge__ He also led 889 laps in 13 separate races to establish an IndyCar Series record.", "Tony Kanaan __knowledge__ He is also the only driver to lead the Indianapolis 500 in each of his first seven starts, and won his first race on his 12th attempt.", "Tony Kanaan __knowledge__ Kanaan has a total of 17 career race wins and 15 pole-positions in the IndyCar Series.", "Corgi Toys __knowledge__ Corgi Toys (trademark) is the name of a range of die-cast toy vehicles produced by Mettoy Playcraft Ltd. in the United Kingdom.", "Corgi Toys __knowledge__ The Mettoy (Metal Toy) company was founded in 1933 by German émigré Philip Ullmann in Northampton, England, where he was later joined by South African-born German Arthur Katz, who had previously worked for Ullmann at his toy company Tipp and Co of Nuremberg.", "Corgi Toys __knowledge__ They decided to market a range of toy vehicles as competition to Meccano's Dinky Toys model vehicles, which had dominated the British market for many years.", "Corgi Toys __knowledge__ Corgi Toys were introduced in the UK in July 1956 and were manufactured in Swansea, Wales, for 27 years before the company went into liquidation.", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Pembroke Welsh Corgi (; Welsh for \"dwarf dog\") is a cattle herding dog breed which originated in Pembrokeshire, Wales.", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ It is one of two breeds known as a Welsh Corgi.", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The other is the Cardigan Welsh Corgi, and both descend from the line that is the northern spitz-type dog (examples include that of the Siberian Husky).", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Another theory is that Pembrokes are descended from the Swedish Vallhunds, which were crossed with the local Welsh herding dogs.", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Pembroke Welsh Corgi is the younger of the two Corgi breeds and is a separate and distinct breed from the Cardigan.", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The corgi is one of the smallest dogs in the Herding Group.", "Husky Toys __knowledge__ Husky was a brand name for a line of small die-cast toy vehicles manufactured by Mettoy Playcraft Ltd. of Swansea, Wales, which also made the larger Corgi Toys.", "Husky Toys __knowledge__ Husky Models was re-branded Corgi Juniors in 1970, and a further range called Corgi Rockets was developed to race on track sets.", "Husky Toys __knowledge__ The Husky line, introduced in 1964, was designed to compete in size with the \"1-75 series\" Matchbox, which were the market leaders in small-scale toy vehicles at the time.", "Husky Toys __knowledge__ Husky cars and trucks were inexpensive and originally sold only at Woolworth's stores at a price which undercut their rival.", "Husky Toys __knowledge__ The Husky line numbered about 75 vehicles at its peak, the same number as Matchbox, although unlike the Lesney product Huskys were sold in blister packs allowing the model to be clearly seen when on display.", "Corgi Classics __knowledge__ Corgi Classics Limited is a famous die-cast model manufacturer which has its origins in the Corgi Toys brand introduced by Mettoy in 1956.", "Corgi Classics __knowledge__ Known for its British and North American vehicle models.", "Corgi Classics __knowledge__ Corgi Toys was launched in 1956 as a new range of die-cast toy model cars by Mettoy Playcraft LTD, the toy car company founded in 1936.", "Corgi Classics __knowledge__ These new toy cars were soon a huge hit because at the time they were the only toy cars on the market that included transparent plastic windows, they soon became known as \"the ones with the windows\".", "Corgi Classics __knowledge__ Although Corgi has had many model car competitors ranging from Dinky Toys to Lledo, its name is well known to this day.", "Michael Kanaan __knowledge__ Michael Kanaan (born 23 May 1975) is a Lebanese Australian triple murderer from Sydney, New South Wales, currently serving three sentences of life imprisonment plus 50 years and 4 months without the possibility of parole, for the murder of three people and other offences, all committed in Sydney between 17 July 1998 and 22 December 1998.", "Michael Kanaan __knowledge__ In the drama series he was portrayed by actor Ryan Corr.", "Michael Kanaan __knowledge__ A psychologist's report in 2001 indicated that Kanaan experienced a normal, stable upbringing, that he and his family had a deep devotion to the Christian faith and that he abstained from the consumption of alcohol.", "Herding dog __knowledge__ A herding dog, also known as a stock dog or working dog, is a type of pastoral dog that either has been trained in herding or belongs to breeds developed for herding.", "Herding dog __knowledge__ Their ability to be trained to act on the sound of a whistle or word of command is renowned throughout the world.", "Herding dog __knowledge__ Collies are recommended as herding dogs.", "Herding dog __knowledge__ All herding behavior is modified predatory behavior.", "Herding dog __knowledge__ Through selective breeding, humans have been able to minimize the dog's natural inclination to treat cattle and sheep as prey while simultaneously maintaining the dog's hunting skills, thereby creating an effective herding dog.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ The Border Collie is a working and herding dog breed developed in the Anglo-Scottish border region for herding livestock, especially sheep.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ It was specifically bred for intelligence and obedience.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ Considered highly intelligent, extremely energetic, acrobatic and athletic, they frequently compete with great success in sheepdog trials and dog sports.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ They are often cited as the most intelligent of all domestic dogs.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ Border Collies continue to be employed in their traditional work of herding livestock throughout the world.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ In general, Border Collies are medium-sized dogs with a moderate amount of coat, which is most often thick and sheds often.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ The Australian Cattle Dog (ACD), or simply Cattle Dog, is a breed of herding dog originally developed in Australia for droving cattle over long distances across rough terrain.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ This breed is a medium-sized, short-coated dog that occurs in two main colour forms.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ It has either brown or black hair distributed fairly evenly through a white coat, which gives the appearance of a \"red\" or \"blue\" dog.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ As with dogs from other working breeds, the Australian Cattle Dog is energetic and intelligent with an independent streak.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ It responds well to structured training, particularly if it is interesting and challenging.", "Pumi dog __knowledge__ The Pumi (in Hungarian, the plural form is \"pumik\") is a medium-small breed of sheep dog from Hungary.", "Pumi dog __knowledge__ They are versatile stock dogs, equally adept at gathering, driving and keeping stock under control.", "Pumi dog __knowledge__ They have a long head with semi-erect ears, a whimsical expression and a tail that forms a circle over the back.", "Pumi dog __knowledge__ The coat (black, white, grey, or fawn) is a combination of wavy and curly hair, forming curls all over the body.", "Pumi dog __knowledge__ The Pumi is considered to have arisen from cross-breeding of Hungarian Pulik with French and German herding dogs from the 17th century onwards.", "Pumi dog __knowledge__ The international breed standard was approved in 1935.", "Rough Collie __knowledge__ The Rough Collie (also known as the Long-Haired Collie) is a long-coated breed of medium to large size dog that in its original form was a type of collie used and bred for herding in Scotland.", "Rough Collie __knowledge__ Originating in the 1800s, it is now well known through the works of author Albert Payson Terhune, and through the \"Lassie\" novel, movies, and television shows.", "Rough Collie __knowledge__ There is also a smooth-coated variety; some breed organisations, including both the American and the Canadian Kennel Clubs, consider the smooth-coat and rough-coat dogs to be variations of the same breed.", "Rough Collie __knowledge__ Rough Collies generally come in shades of sable, merles, and tri-coloured.", "Koolie __knowledge__ The Koolie (also known as the Australian Koolie or by the misnomer German Coolie) is an Australian dog breed.", "Koolie __knowledge__ The Koolie is a working or herding dog which has existed in Australia since the early 19th century when it was bred from imported British working dogs.", "Koolie __knowledge__ Robert Kaleski, in an article on Cattle Dogs in the August 1903 issue of the Agricultural Gazette of New South Wales, describes the \"Welsh heeler or merle, erroneously known as the German collie,\" as a \"blue-gray dog about the size and build of a smooth-haired collie, generally with wall eyes.\"", "Koolie __knowledge__ The British background predominated in the dogs that came to be associated with the \"German collie\" name." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Welsh Corgi, sometimes known as just a Corgi (, Welsh for \"dwarf dog\"; plural \"corgis\" or occasionally the etymologically consistent \"corgwn\" ()), is a small type of herding dog that originated in Wales.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Two separate breeds are recognized: the Pembroke Welsh Corgi and the Cardigan Welsh Corgi.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Historically, the Pembroke has been attributed to the influx of dogs alongside Flemish weavers from around the 10th century, while the Cardigan is attributed to the dogs brought with Norse settlers, in particular a common ancestor of the Swedish Vallhund.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ A certain degree of interbreeding between the two types has been suggested to explain the similarities between the two.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Pembroke is the more popular breed of dog, with the Cardigan Welsh Corgi appearing on The Kennel Club's list of Vulnerable Native Breeds.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ There are several physical differences between the two types according to the breed standards: the Cardigan is larger overall, both in weight and in height.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Traditionally, the tails were of different shapes, but docking had previously been used.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ With regards to their health, according to a 2004 survey, they both had similar lifespans, although kidney or urethral conditions are more likely in the Pembrokes.", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The origin of the domestic dog is not clear.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog is a member of the genus \"Canis\", which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The closest living relative of the dog is the extant gray wolf and there is no evidence of any other canine contributing to its genetic lineage.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The archaeological record shows the first undisputed dog remains buried beside humans 14,700 years ago, with disputed remains occurring 36,000 years ago.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ Dog behavior is the internally coordinated responses of individuals or groups of domestic dogs to internal and external stimuli.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ It has been shaped by millennia of contact with humans and their lifestyles.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ As a result of this physical and social evolution, dogs, more than any other species, have acquired the ability to understand and communicate with humans and they are uniquely attuned to their behaviors.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ Behavioral scientists have uncovered a wide range of social-cognitive abilities in the domestic dog The origin of the domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is not clear.", "Dog meat __knowledge__ Dog meat is the flesh and other edible parts derived from dogs.", "Dog meat __knowledge__ Historically, human consumption of dog meat has been recorded in many parts of the world, including East and Southeast Asia, West Africa, Europe, Oceania and the Americas.", "Dog meat __knowledge__ In the 21st century, dog meat is consumed in many parts of China, Korea, and Vietnam.", "Dog meat __knowledge__ Some cultures view the consumption of dog meat as part of their traditional and day-to-day cuisine, while other cultures consider consumption of dog meat a taboo, although they have been consumed in times of war or other hardships.", "Dog meat __knowledge__ It was estimated in 2014 that worldwide, 25 million dogs are eaten each year by humans.", "Dog anatomy __knowledge__ Dog anatomy comprises the anatomical studies of the visible parts of the body of a canine.", "Dog anatomy __knowledge__ Details of structures vary tremendously from breed to breed, more than in any other animal species, wild or domesticated, as dogs are highly variable in height and weight.", "Dog anatomy __knowledge__ The smallest known adult dog was a Yorkshire Terrier that stood only at the shoulder, in length along the head and body, and weighed only .", "Dog anatomy __knowledge__ The largest known adult dog was an English Mastiff which weighed and was from the snout to the tail.", "Dog anatomy __knowledge__ The tallest known adult dog is a Great Dane that stands at the shoulder.", "Dog anatomy __knowledge__ Source: The following is a list of the muscles in the dog along with their origin, insertion, action and innervation.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The dingo (\"Canis lupus dingo\" or \"Canis dingo\") is a type of feral dog native to Australia.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The first British colonists to arrive in 1788 established a settlement at Port Jackson and recorded dingoes living there with indigenous Australians.", "Dingo __knowledge__ Although the dingo exists in the wild, it associates with humans but has not been selectively bred similarly to other domesticated animals.", "Dingo __knowledge__ It is a medium-sized canid that possesses a lean, hardy body designed for speed, agility and stamina.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The dingo's three main coat colours are described as being either light ginger (or tan), black and tan, or creamy white.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Pembroke Welsh Corgi (; Welsh for \"dwarf dog\") is a cattle herding dog breed which originated in Pembrokeshire, Wales.", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ It is one of two breeds known as a Welsh Corgi.", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The other is the Cardigan Welsh Corgi, and both descend from the line that is the northern spitz-type dog (examples include that of the Siberian Husky).", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Another theory is that Pembrokes are descended from the Swedish Vallhunds, which were crossed with the local Welsh herding dogs.", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Pembroke Welsh Corgi is the younger of the two Corgi breeds and is a separate and distinct breed from the Cardigan.", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The corgi is one of the smallest dogs in the Herding Group.", "Queen Elizabeth's corgis __knowledge__ Queen Elizabeth's corgis are the Welsh Corgi dogs owned by Queen Elizabeth II and her parents, Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother and King George VI.", "Queen Elizabeth's corgis __knowledge__ Fond of corgis since she was a small child, Elizabeth II has owned more than 30 corgis since she became Queen of the United Kingdom and the other Commonwealth realms in 1952.", "Queen Elizabeth's corgis __knowledge__ The Queen Mother introduced a disciplined regimen for the dogs; each was to have its own wicker basket, raised above the floor to avoid draughts.", "Queen Elizabeth's corgis __knowledge__ Meals were served for each dog in its own dish, the diet approved by veterinary experts with no titbits from the royal table.", "Queen Elizabeth's corgis __knowledge__ The corgis thus enjoy a privileged life at Buckingham Palace.", "Cardigan Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Cardigan Welsh Corgi is one of two separate dog breeds known as Welsh corgis that originated in Wales, predating the other breed, the Pembroke Welsh Corgi.", "Cardigan Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ It is one of the oldest breeds of the British Isles.", "Cardigan Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Cardigan Welsh Corgis are known to be an extremely loyal dog breed.", "Cardigan Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ They are also versatile and can live in a variety of settings.", "Cardigan Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ However, they benefit from regular physical and mental stimulation.", "Cardigan Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Pembrokes and Cardigans first appeared together in dog shows in 1925 when they were shown under the rules of The Kennel Club in Britain.", "Cardigan Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Corgi Club was founded in December, 1925 in Carmarthen in South Wales.", "Dwarf dog-faced bat __knowledge__ The dwarf dog-faced bat (\"Molossops temminckii\"), is a bat species from South America.", "Dwarf dog-faced bat __knowledge__ It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Peru, Paraguay and Uruguay.", "Dwarf dog-faced bat __knowledge__ They are considered an abundant species, and are listed as a species of \"least concern\" on the IUCN Red List due to its wide distribution, presumed large population, and the unlikelihood of decline.", "Dwarf dog-faced bat __knowledge__ The dwarf dog-faced bat is classified in the order Chiroptera and the family Molossidae with the other free-tailed bats.", "Dwarf dog-faced bat __knowledge__ The genus \"Molossops\" encompasses 4 species of broad-faced bats including \"M.", "Dwarf dog-faced bat __knowledge__ temminckii.\"", "Dwarf dog-faced bat __knowledge__ The species was named for Coenraad Jacob Temminck, a Dutch zoologist.", "English plurals __knowledge__ English nouns are inflected for grammatical number, meaning that if they are of the countable type, they generally have different forms for singular and plural.", "English plurals __knowledge__ This article discusses the variety of ways in which English plural nouns are formed from the corresponding singular forms, as well as various issues concerning the usage of singulars and plurals in English.", "English plurals __knowledge__ For plurals of pronouns, see English personal pronouns.", "English plurals __knowledge__ Phonological transcriptions provided in this article are for Received Pronunciation and General American.", "English plurals __knowledge__ For more information, see English phonology.", "English plurals __knowledge__ The plural morpheme in English is suffixed to the end of most nouns.", "Romance languages __knowledge__ The Romance languages (sometimes called the Romanic languages, Latin languages, or Neo-Latin languages) are the modern languages that evolved from Vulgar Latin between the sixth and ninth centuries and that thus form a branch of the Italic languages within the Indo-European language family.", "Romance languages __knowledge__ Today, around 800 million people are native speakers worldwide, mainly in Europe, Africa and the Americas, but also elsewhere.", "Romance languages __knowledge__ Additionally, the major Romance languages have many non-native speakers and are in widespread use as lingua francas.", "Romance languages __knowledge__ This is especially the case for French, which is in widespread use throughout Central and West Africa, Madagascar, Mauritius and the Maghreb." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Welsh Corgi, sometimes known as just a Corgi (, Welsh for \"dwarf dog\"; plural \"corgis\" or occasionally the etymologically consistent \"corgwn\" ()), is a small type of herding dog that originated in Wales.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Two separate breeds are recognized: the Pembroke Welsh Corgi and the Cardigan Welsh Corgi.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Historically, the Pembroke has been attributed to the influx of dogs alongside Flemish weavers from around the 10th century, while the Cardigan is attributed to the dogs brought with Norse settlers, in particular a common ancestor of the Swedish Vallhund.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ A certain degree of interbreeding between the two types has been suggested to explain the similarities between the two.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Pembroke is the more popular breed of dog, with the Cardigan Welsh Corgi appearing on The Kennel Club's list of Vulnerable Native Breeds.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ There are several physical differences between the two types according to the breed standards: the Cardigan is larger overall, both in weight and in height.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Traditionally, the tails were of different shapes, but docking had previously been used.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ With regards to their health, according to a 2004 survey, they both had similar lifespans, although kidney or urethral conditions are more likely in the Pembrokes.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Ha Dong-hoon (; born on August 20, 1979), better known by his stage name Haha (), is a South Korean singer, variety show host and member of Skull & Haha.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He is best known for being in the sitcom, \"Nonstop\" and for co-hosting two popular variety programs, MBC's \"Infinite Challenge\" and SBS's \"Running Man\".", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He has also hosted his own show, titled \"Ya Man TV\" on Mnet in 2015.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Haha was born on August 20, 1979 in Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, West Germany and moved to Seoul, South Korea when he was an infant.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ His parents are both Korean, with his mother holding a doctorate in psychology, and he has an older sister, Ha Juri () who is a pianist, also with a doctorate.", "Conformation show __knowledge__ A conformation show, also referred to as a \"breed show\", is a kind of dog show in which a judge familiar with a specific dog breed evaluates individual purebred dogs for how well the dogs \"conform\" to the established breed type for their breed, as described in a breed's individual breed standard.", "Conformation show __knowledge__ Such shows are useful to breeders as a means of evaluating dogs for breeding purposes.", "Conformation show __knowledge__ A conformation championship from a recognized national kennel club is generally considered a reasonably objective indication of merit, as it indicates that the dog has been found to be a superior example of its breed by some number of different judges on some number of separate occasions.", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ The Greater Swiss Mountain Dog ( or ) is a dog breed which was developed in the Swiss Alps.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ The name \"Sennenhund\" refers to people called \"Senn\" or \"Senner\", dairymen and herders in the Swiss Alps.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ Greater Swiss Mountain Dogs are almost certainly the result of indigenous dogs mating with large mastiff types brought to Switzerland by foreign settlers.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ At one time, the breed was believed to have been among the most popular in Switzerland.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ It was assumed to have almost died out by the late 19th century, since its work was being done by other breeds or machines, but was rediscovered in the early 1900s.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ The Australian Cattle Dog (ACD), or simply Cattle Dog, is a breed of herding dog originally developed in Australia for droving cattle over long distances across rough terrain.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ This breed is a medium-sized, short-coated dog that occurs in two main colour forms.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ It has either brown or black hair distributed fairly evenly through a white coat, which gives the appearance of a \"red\" or \"blue\" dog.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ As with dogs from other working breeds, the Australian Cattle Dog is energetic and intelligent with an independent streak.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ It responds well to structured training, particularly if it is interesting and challenging.", "Breed club (dog) __knowledge__ A dog breed club is an association or club of fanciers of a single, specific breed of dog.", "Breed club (dog) __knowledge__ \"Breed clubs\" define the breed with which the club is associated in a document called a breed standard, although there may be multiple \"breed clubs\" for the same breed, each defining the breed in a somewhat different manner.", "Breed club (dog) __knowledge__ \"Breed clubs\" are \"not\" scientific organisations, nor are breed standards meant to be scientific descriptions of a breed.", "Breed club (dog) __knowledge__ \"Any\" fancier or group of fanciers may start a \"breed club\" and write definitions to suit themselves.", "Breed club (dog) __knowledge__ Dog breed clubs exist to \"support the preservation and protection\" of the club's breed.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd (, ) is a breed of medium to large-sized working dog that originated in Germany.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed's officially recognized name is German Shepherd Dog in the English language (sometimes abbreviated as \"GSD\").", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed was once known as the Alsatian in Britain and Ireland.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd is a relatively new breed of dog, with their origin dating to 1899.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ As part of the Herding Group, German Shepherds are working dogs developed originally for herding sheep.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ Since that time however, because of their strength, intelligence, trainability, and obedience, German Shepherds around the world are often the preferred breed for many types of work, including disability assistance, search-and-rescue, police and military roles, and even acting.", "Evolution of the wolf __knowledge__ The evolution of the wolf occurred over a geologic time scale of 800 thousand years, transforming the first Middle Pleistocene wolf specimen that is recognized as being morphologically similar to \"Canis lupus\" into today's dog, dingo and gray wolf.", "Evolution of the wolf __knowledge__ Ecological factors including habitat type, climate, prey specialization and predatory competition has greatly influenced the wolf's genetic population structure and cranio-dental plasticity.", "Evolution of the wolf __knowledge__ Wolves went through a population bottleneck 20,000 years before present (YBP), which indicates that many wolf populations had gone extinct at a time that coincided with the Last Glacial Maximum and the expansion of modern humans worldwide with their technology for capturing large game.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The dingo (\"Canis lupus dingo\" or \"Canis dingo\") is a type of feral dog native to Australia.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The first British colonists to arrive in 1788 established a settlement at Port Jackson and recorded dingoes living there with indigenous Australians.", "Dingo __knowledge__ Although the dingo exists in the wild, it associates with humans but has not been selectively bred similarly to other domesticated animals.", "Dingo __knowledge__ It is a medium-sized canid that possesses a lean, hardy body designed for speed, agility and stamina.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The dingo's three main coat colours are described as being either light ginger (or tan), black and tan, or creamy white.", "Dingo (taxon) __knowledge__ The taxon dingo refers to the native dog found in Australia but may at times also refer to some similar dogs native to peninsular and island southeast Asia and neighboring regions, such as the New Guinea singing dog.", "Dingo (taxon) __knowledge__ The genetic evidence indicates that the \"dingo\" clade originated from East Asian domestic dogs and was introduced through the Southeast Asian archipelago into Australia, with a common ancestry between the Australian dingo and the New Guinea singing dog.", "Dingo (taxon) __knowledge__ In 1758, the taxonomist Linnaeus published in his \"Systema Naturae\" the taxonomic classification of species.", "Dingo (taxon) __knowledge__ \"Canis\" is a Latin word meaning dog, and under this genus he listed the dog-like carnivores including domestic dogs, wolves, and jackals.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The origin of the domestic dog is not clear.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog is a member of the genus \"Canis\", which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The closest living relative of the dog is the extant gray wolf and there is no evidence of any other canine contributing to its genetic lineage.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The archaeological record shows the first undisputed dog remains buried beside humans 14,700 years ago, with disputed remains occurring 36,000 years ago.", "Subspecies of Canis lupus __knowledge__ \"Canis lupus\" has 38 subspecies currently described in the taxonomic authority Mammal Species of the World, including the dingo, \"Canis lupus dingo\", and the domestic dog, \"Canis lupus familiaris\", and many subspecies of wolf throughout the Northern Hemisphere.", "Subspecies of Canis lupus __knowledge__ The nominate subspecies is \"Canis lupus lupus\".", "Subspecies of Canis lupus __knowledge__ \"Canis lupus\" is assessed as least concern by the IUCN, as its relatively widespread range and stable population trend mean that the species, at global level, does not meet, or nearly meet, any of the criteria for the threatened categories.", "Subspecies of Canis lupus __knowledge__ However, some local populations are classified as endangered, and some subspecies are endangered or extinct.", "Canis __knowledge__ Canis is a genus of the Canidae containing multiple extant species, such as wolves, coyotes, jackals, and dogs.", "Canis __knowledge__ Species of this genus are distinguished by their moderate to large size, their massive, well-developed skulls and dentition, long legs, and comparatively short ears and tails.", "Canis __knowledge__ The generic name \"Canis\" means \"dog\" in Latin.", "Canis __knowledge__ The term \"canine\" comes from the adjective form, \"caninus\" (\"of the dog\"), from which the term canine tooth is also derived.", "Canis __knowledge__ The canine family has prominent canine teeth, used for killing their prey.", "Canis __knowledge__ The word \"canis\" is cognate to the Greek word \"kūon\" (Greek: Κύων), which means \"dog\", as well as (less transparently) English \"hound\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Welsh Corgi, sometimes known as just a Corgi (, Welsh for \"dwarf dog\"; plural \"corgis\" or occasionally the etymologically consistent \"corgwn\" ()), is a small type of herding dog that originated in Wales.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Two separate breeds are recognized: the Pembroke Welsh Corgi and the Cardigan Welsh Corgi.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Historically, the Pembroke has been attributed to the influx of dogs alongside Flemish weavers from around the 10th century, while the Cardigan is attributed to the dogs brought with Norse settlers, in particular a common ancestor of the Swedish Vallhund.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ A certain degree of interbreeding between the two types has been suggested to explain the similarities between the two.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Pembroke is the more popular breed of dog, with the Cardigan Welsh Corgi appearing on The Kennel Club's list of Vulnerable Native Breeds.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ There are several physical differences between the two types according to the breed standards: the Cardigan is larger overall, both in weight and in height.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Traditionally, the tails were of different shapes, but docking had previously been used.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ With regards to their health, according to a 2004 survey, they both had similar lifespans, although kidney or urethral conditions are more likely in the Pembrokes.", "V and W-class destroyer __knowledge__ The V and W class was an amalgam of six similar classes of destroyer built for the Royal Navy under the War Emergency Programme during the First World War and generally treated as one class.", "V and W-class destroyer __knowledge__ For their time they were among the most powerful and advanced ships of their type in the world, and set the trend for future British designs.", "V and W-class destroyer __knowledge__ They arrived in time to see service in the First World War.", "V and W-class destroyer __knowledge__ During the interwar period these ships formed the backbone of the Royal Navy's destroyer flotillas until gradually replaced by new construction; by the mid-1930s most had been displaced to the reserve fleet.", "V and W-class destroyer __knowledge__ Most ships survived to make an extensive contribution to the Second World War effort, in the vital role of convoy escort, freeing up more modern ships for fleet action.", "BL 4 inch Mk IX naval gun __knowledge__ The BL 4-inch gun Mk IX was a British medium-velocity naval gun introduced in 1916 as secondary armament on the \"Renown\"-class battlecruisers and \"Glorious\"-class \"large light cruisers\", but which served most notably as the main armament on Flower-class corvettes throughout World War II.", "BL 4 inch Mk IX naval gun __knowledge__ The gun was based on the barrel of the QF 4 inch Mk V and the breech mechanism of the BL 4 inch Mk VIII and was first introduced in World War I on capital ships as secondary armament in triple-gun mountings, intended to provide rapid concentrated fire.", "BL 4 inch Mk IX naval gun __knowledge__ This turned out to be unworkable in practice.", "BL 4 inch Mk IX naval gun __knowledge__ Jane's Fighting Ships of 1919 commented, \"4-inch triples are clumsy and not liked.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ The Australian Cattle Dog (ACD), or simply Cattle Dog, is a breed of herding dog originally developed in Australia for droving cattle over long distances across rough terrain.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ This breed is a medium-sized, short-coated dog that occurs in two main colour forms.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ It has either brown or black hair distributed fairly evenly through a white coat, which gives the appearance of a \"red\" or \"blue\" dog.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ As with dogs from other working breeds, the Australian Cattle Dog is energetic and intelligent with an independent streak.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ It responds well to structured training, particularly if it is interesting and challenging.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "BL 60-pounder gun __knowledge__ The Ordnance BL 60-pounder was a British 5 inch (127 mm) heavy field gun designed in 1903–05 to provide a new capability that had been partially met by the interim QF 4.7 inch Gun.", "BL 60-pounder gun __knowledge__ It was designed for both horse draft and mechanical traction and served throughout the First World War in the main theatres.", "BL 60-pounder gun __knowledge__ It remained in service with British and Commonwealth forces in the inter-war period and in frontline service with British and South African batteries until 1942 being superseded by the BL 4.5 inch Medium Gun.", "BL 60-pounder gun __knowledge__ The effective use of modern heavy field guns by the Boers during the Second Boer War (1899–1902) was a revelation to armies in Europe including the British.", "Smart grid __knowledge__ A smart grid is an electrical grid which includes a variety of operational and energy measures including smart meters, smart appliances, renewable energy resources, and energy efficient resources.", "Smart grid __knowledge__ Electronic power conditioning and control of the production and distribution of electricity are important aspects of the smart grid.", "Smart grid __knowledge__ Smart grid policy is organized in Europe as Smart Grid European Technology Platform.", "Smart grid __knowledge__ Policy in the United States is described in § 17381.", "Smart grid __knowledge__ Roll-out of smart grid technology also implies a fundamental re-engineering of the electricity services industry, although typical usage of the term is focused on the technical infrastructure.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ There is also a four-episode OVA sequel.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ \"Anime Midstream\", Inc. announced in December, 2008, that it acquired the license for and planned to release the anime series Matchless Raijin-Oh in the U.S. sometime in 2009 as their first anime release.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ The company began selling the first volume of the series direct from their website, as well as several other online retailers as of late December, 2009.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ The first volume contained episodes 1-5.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ The second volume, containing episodes 6-10, was released in September 2010, and translated the title beginning with this volume (and current printings of the first volume are now also marketed under that title).", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd (, ) is a breed of medium to large-sized working dog that originated in Germany.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed's officially recognized name is German Shepherd Dog in the English language (sometimes abbreviated as \"GSD\").", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed was once known as the Alsatian in Britain and Ireland.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd is a relatively new breed of dog, with their origin dating to 1899.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ As part of the Herding Group, German Shepherds are working dogs developed originally for herding sheep.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ Since that time however, because of their strength, intelligence, trainability, and obedience, German Shepherds around the world are often the preferred breed for many types of work, including disability assistance, search-and-rescue, police and military roles, and even acting.", "White Shepherd __knowledge__ The White Shepherd emerged from white-coat lines of the German Shepherd dog in Canada and the United States and from European imports.", "White Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd and the white German Shepherd are the same dog, though their coat colors vary.", "White Shepherd __knowledge__ The White Shepherd breed was officially recognized by the United Kennel Club on April 14, 1999.", "White Shepherd __knowledge__ In German Shepherds, the recessive gene for white coat hair was cast in the breed gene pool by the late 19th and early 20th century breeding program that developed and expanded the German Shepherd Dog breed in Germany.", "White Shepherd __knowledge__ A white herding dog named Greif was the grandfather of Horand von Grafrath, the dog acknowledged as the foundation of all contemporary German Shepherd bloodlines.", "Schutzhund __knowledge__ Schutzhund (German for \"protection dog\") is a dog sport that was developed in Germany in the early 1900s as a breed suitability test for the German Shepherd breed.", "Schutzhund __knowledge__ The test would determine if the dog displayed the appropriate traits and characteristics of a proper working German Shepherd.", "Schutzhund __knowledge__ Today, it is used as a sport where many breeds other than German Shepherd Dogs can compete, but it is such a demanding test that few dogs can pass.", "Schutzhund __knowledge__ Schutzhund tests dogs of all breeds for the traits necessary for police-type work.", "Schutzhund __knowledge__ Dogs that pass Schutzhund tests should be suitable for a wide variety of tasks: police work, specific odor detection, search and rescue, and many others.", "Old German Shepherd Dog __knowledge__ Old German Shepherd Dog (') is a controversial name for the long-haired variation of the German Shepherd Dog ('), which is not a separate breed recognized by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale.", "Old German Shepherd Dog __knowledge__ Nonetheless, there are efforts to establish this variety as a separate breed.", "Old German Shepherd Dog __knowledge__ Under the Society for the German Shepherd Dog the long-haired variation of the German Shepherd was not accepted for a long time.", "Old German Shepherd Dog __knowledge__ This changed in 2009.", "Old German Shepherd Dog __knowledge__ In 2010, the long-haired variation was again accepted.", "Old German Shepherd Dog __knowledge__ Before that, Breeders of the long-haired variation of the German Shepherd had founded their own Kennel Clubs and had called the long-haired hair variation the \"Old German Shepherd\".", "The German Shepherd Dog in Word and Picture __knowledge__ The German Shepherd Dog in Word and Picture is a book first published in 1923.", "The German Shepherd Dog in Word and Picture __knowledge__ The book is a revised translation from German into English of Der deutsche Schäferhund in Wort und Bild which was written by Max von Stephanitz (the founder of the German Shepherd Dog breed) and first published in 1901 as a 72-page booklet (plus 24 pages of advertising).", "The German Shepherd Dog in Word and Picture __knowledge__ Der deutsche Schäferhund in Wort und Bild was subsequently expanded with later editions, and a complete makeover was published in 1921 with the sixth edition.", "The German Shepherd Dog in Word and Picture __knowledge__ A seventh edition of the German book was published in the same year as the first editions in English, 1923.", "Wolfdog __knowledge__ A wolfdog (also called a wolf–dog hybrid or wolf hybrid) is a canid hybrid resulting from the hybridization of a domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\") to one of four other \"Canis\" sub-species, the gray (\"Canis lupus\"), eastern timber (\"Canis lycaon\"), red (\"Canis rufus\"), and Ethiopian wolves (\"Canis simensis\").", "Wolfdog __knowledge__ Intra-hybridization between dogs and other subspecies of gray wolves are the most common wolfdogs since dogs and gray wolves are considered the same species, are genetically very close, and have shared vast portions of their ranges for millennia.", "Wolfdog __knowledge__ Such hybridization in the wild have been detected in many populations scattered throughout Europe and North America, usually occurring in areas where wolf populations have declined from human impacts and persecutions.", "Police dog __knowledge__ A police dog, known in some English-speaking countries as a \"K-9\" or \"K9\" (a homophone of \"canine\"), is a dog that is specifically trained to assist police and other law-enforcement personnel.", "Police dog __knowledge__ Their duties include: searching for drugs and explosives, locating missing people, finding crime scene evidence, and protecting their handlers.", "Police dog __knowledge__ Police dogs must remember several verbal cues and hand gestures.", "Police dog __knowledge__ The most commonly used breeds are the German Shepherd, Belgian Malinois and Rottweiler.", "Police dog __knowledge__ In many common law jurisdictions, the intentional injuring or killing of a police dog is a felony.", "Police dog __knowledge__ Dogs have been used in law enforcement since the Middle Ages." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 14, 36, 46 ]

[ "Cute I must say ,, is a small type of herding dog that originates in Wales", "In Welsh it stands for \"dwarf dog\"; plural \"corgis\" or occasionally the etymologically consistent \"corgwn\" ", "Yeah I have a domestic dog is a member of the genus \"Canis\",I call him smith..Lol!", "Its a German Shepherd ,originally from Germany as the name implies", "Do you know we also have the White Shepherd emerged from white-coat lines of the German and other parts?" ]

[ "Welsh Corgi", "Welsh Corgi", "Welsh Corgi", "Welsh Corgi", "Welsh Corgi" ]

[ "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom\nHave you ever watched \"My Little Pony: Friendship is Magic\"?", "It really is incredible. I consider myself female \"Brony\". You should give it a shot.", "I haven't but I would absolutely love to. Bronies are actually a lot of fun and very intelligent, but they get a bad rap.", "I don't know. I haven't seen that documentary, but people think they're weird because they are grown men that like a kid's show. But the show is actually very complex.", "I think so too. And I think it's healthy for men to like things that are cutesy and sweet." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ \"\" is an animated television series produced by Hasbro as part of the \"My Little Pony\" toy franchise, which is tied in with the 2010 launch of dolls and play sets, and original programming for U.S. cable channel Discovery Family (formerly Hub Network).", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ Lauren Faust was selected as the creative developer and executive producer for the show, based on her previous animation experience with shows like \"The Powerpuff Girls\" and \"Foster's Home for Imaginary Friends\".", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ Under Hasbro's guidance, Faust developed the show to appeal to the target demographic of young girls and their parents, but created characters and settings that challenged formerly stereotypical norms of \"girly\" images, and added adventure and humorous elements to keep parents interested.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ The show received praise from television critics and parental groups.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ It also found an unlikely audience in a large group of adult Internet users in late 2010 and early 2011, forming a subculture.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ These fans, mostly male, were drawn to the show's characters, stories, animation style, and influence of the show's propagation as an Internet meme.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ The fandom adopted the name brony (plural bronies), a portmanteau of \"bro\" and \"pony\".", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ Though initially considered to propagate the humorous and ironic concept of people enjoying a show for young girls, the fandom has shown deeper appreciation for the show far beyond this concept, and is considered part of a New Sincerity trend.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic __knowledge__ My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic is a children's animated fantasy television series created by Lauren Faust for Hasbro.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic __knowledge__ The series is based on Hasbro's My Little Pony line of toys and animated works and is often referred by collectors as the fourth generation (\"G4\") of the franchise.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic __knowledge__ The series premiered on October 10, 2010, on The Hub cable channel.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic __knowledge__ Hasbro selected animator Lauren Faust as the creative director and executive producer for the show.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic __knowledge__ Faust sought to challenge the established nature of the existing My Little Pony line, creating more in-depth characters and adventurous settings; she left the series during season 2, to be replaced by Meghan McCarthy as showrunner.", "My Little Pony __knowledge__ My Little Pony is an entertainment franchise developed by Hasbro, originally as a toy line for girls.", "My Little Pony __knowledge__ The first toys were developed by Bonnie Zacherle, Charles Muenchinger, and Steve D'Aguanno, and were produced in 1981.", "My Little Pony __knowledge__ The ponies feature colorful bodies, manes and a unique symbol on one or both sides of their flanks.", "My Little Pony __knowledge__ Such symbols are referred to in the two most recent incarnations as \"cutie marks.\"", "My Little Pony __knowledge__ My Little Pony has been revamped several times with new and more modern looks to appeal to a new market.", "My Little Pony __knowledge__ Following the original My Pretty Pony toy that was introduced in 1981, My Little Pony was launched in 1982 and the line became popular during the 1980s.", "My Little Pony: Equestria Girls __knowledge__ My Little Pony: Equestria Girls, also known as simply Equestria Girls, is a Canadian-American product line of fashion dolls and media franchise launched in 2013 by Hasbro, as a spin-off of the 2010 of the My Little Pony franchise.", "My Little Pony: Equestria Girls __knowledge__ \"Equestria Girls\" features anthropomorphized versions of \"My Little Pony\" characters from \"Friendship Is Magic\".", "My Little Pony: Equestria Girls __knowledge__ It includes various doll lines and media tie-ins (including four films, music albums, a mobile app, three TV specials, , a web series on YouTube, and two one-hour TV specials).", "My Little Pony: Equestria Girls __knowledge__ The \"Equestria Girls\" fictional universe is established as a parallel counterpart to the main world of the 2010 incarnation of My Little Pony, populated with humanoid versions of the characters from the franchise.", "My Little Pony: The Movie (2017 film) __knowledge__ My Little Pony: The Movie is a 2017 animated musical fantasy film based on the television series \"\", which was developed as part of the 2010 re-launch of the \"My Little Pony\" franchise by Hasbro.", "My Little Pony: The Movie (2017 film) __knowledge__ The film was directed by Jayson Thiessen and based on a story and screenplay co-written by Meghan McCarthy, both \"Friendship Is Magic\" veterans.", "My Little Pony: The Movie (2017 film) __knowledge__ In addition to the series' regular voice cast of Tara Strong, Ashleigh Ball, Andrea Libman, Tabitha St. Germain and Cathy Weseluck, the film also features the voices of Emily Blunt, Kristin Chenoweth, Liev Schreiber, Michael Peña, Sia, Taye Diggs, Uzo Aduba and Zoe Saldana as new characters.", "My Little Pony (IDW Publishing) __knowledge__ IDW Publishing, an American comic publisher which has been publishing tie-in comic books to Hasbro properties since 2005, began to publish monthly My Little Pony comics beginning in November 2012.", "My Little Pony (IDW Publishing) __knowledge__ The comics published so far are based on the characters from the 2010 relaunch of the franchise and its \"\" television series, as well as the anthropomorphic spin-off .", "My Little Pony (IDW Publishing) __knowledge__ The flagship title, My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic, is a monthly comic book series that debuted on November 28, 2012.", "My Little Pony (IDW Publishing) __knowledge__ The series is typically written in story arcs that span either two or four issues apiece; Katie Cook and Andy Price write and illustrate the first arc, respectively, while Heather Nuhfer and Amy Mebberson perform the same on the second.", "My Little Pony: Equestria Girls (film) __knowledge__ My Little Pony: Equestria Girls is a 2013 Canadian–American flash animated fantasy musical film released as a part of Hasbro's , which is itself an anthropomorphized spin-off of the 2010 relaunch of the main My Little Pony franchise.", "My Little Pony: Equestria Girls (film) __knowledge__ The film was written by Meghan McCarthy and directed by Jayson Thiessen, and was produced by DHX Media's 2D animation studio in Vancouver, Canada for Hasbro Studios in the United States.", "My Little Pony: Equestria Girls (film) __knowledge__ It premiered at the Los Angeles Film Festival on June 15, 2013, followed by limited release in the United States and Canada on June 16, 2013, with a home media release on August 6, 2013." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ \"\" is an animated television series produced by Hasbro as part of the \"My Little Pony\" toy franchise, which is tied in with the 2010 launch of dolls and play sets, and original programming for U.S. cable channel Discovery Family (formerly Hub Network).", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ Lauren Faust was selected as the creative developer and executive producer for the show, based on her previous animation experience with shows like \"The Powerpuff Girls\" and \"Foster's Home for Imaginary Friends\".", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ Under Hasbro's guidance, Faust developed the show to appeal to the target demographic of young girls and their parents, but created characters and settings that challenged formerly stereotypical norms of \"girly\" images, and added adventure and humorous elements to keep parents interested.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ The show received praise from television critics and parental groups.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ It also found an unlikely audience in a large group of adult Internet users in late 2010 and early 2011, forming a subculture.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ These fans, mostly male, were drawn to the show's characters, stories, animation style, and influence of the show's propagation as an Internet meme.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ The fandom adopted the name brony (plural bronies), a portmanteau of \"bro\" and \"pony\".", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ Though initially considered to propagate the humorous and ironic concept of people enjoying a show for young girls, the fandom has shown deeper appreciation for the show far beyond this concept, and is considered part of a New Sincerity trend.", "BronyCon __knowledge__ BronyCon is an annual fan convention held on the east coast of the United States for fans of \"\", among them adult and teenage fans of the show, who call themselves .", "BronyCon __knowledge__ Eight events have occurred to date, with the most recent one in July 2016 drawing in 7,609 attendees.", "BronyCon __knowledge__ On October 20, 2014, BronyCon chairman Josh Dean had announced plans for the convention all the way through 2025.", "BronyCon __knowledge__ BronyCon was previously styled as BroNYCon, as its first three conventions were held in New York City.", "BronyCon __knowledge__ It dropped the 'NYC' capitalization for its fourth event, which was held in nearby Secaucus, New Jersey.", "BronyCon __knowledge__ The 2013 event marked the convention's move to Baltimore, Maryland, as well as a shift from twice a year to once a year.", "A Brony Tale __knowledge__ A Brony Tale (originally titled Brony) is a 2014 Canadian-American documentary film directed by Brent Hodge.", "A Brony Tale __knowledge__ The film explores the brony phenomenon, the adult fan base of the children's animated show \"\" that arose shortly after its premiere in 2010.", "A Brony Tale __knowledge__ The film is structured around the journey of Ashleigh Ball, one of the principal voice actresses for the show, including her initial reactions to learning of this older fanbase, and her travel as a Guest of Honor to one of the first fan conventions BronyCon held in New York City in 2012.", "A Brony Tale __knowledge__ Hodge, a close friend of and previous collaborator with Ball, was curious as she was as to this phenomenon and opted to film her travel and appearance at the convention for the documentary.", "Brent Hodge __knowledge__ Brent Hodge (born July 9, 1985) is a Canadian-New Zealander documentary filmmaker and entrepreneur.", "Brent Hodge __knowledge__ He is best known for his documentaries \"I Am Chris Farley\", \"A Brony Tale\" and \"The Pistol Shrimps\".", "Brent Hodge __knowledge__ He has been nominated for six Leo Awards for his documentary movies \"Winning America\", \"What Happens Next?\"", "Brent Hodge __knowledge__ and \"A Brony Tale\", winning one for \"A Brony Tale\" in 2015.", "Brent Hodge __knowledge__ He was nominated for two Shorty Awards under the \"director\" category in 2014 and 2015 for his work on \"The Beetle Roadtrip Sessions\" and \"A Brony Tale\".", "Brent Hodge __knowledge__ Hodge also won a Canadian Screen Award in 2014 for directing \"The Beetle Roadtrip Sessions with Grant Lawrence\".", "Bronies: The Extremely Unexpected Adult Fans of My Little Pony __knowledge__ Bronies: The Extremely Unexpected Adult Fans of My Little Pony (formerly titled BronyCon: The Documentary) is a 2012 documentary film centering on , the adult fans of the 2010 animated television series, \"\".", "Bronies: The Extremely Unexpected Adult Fans of My Little Pony __knowledge__ The film, funded through crowd-sourcing via Kickstarter, was originally envisioned to follow voice actor and executive producer John de Lancie to the 2012 Summer BronyCon in New Jersey.", "Bronies: The Extremely Unexpected Adult Fans of My Little Pony __knowledge__ The project raised much more than anticipated, allowing it to grow in scope to bring on Lauren Faust, \"Friendship Is Magic\" original creator, and Tara Strong, a principal voice actress on the show, as executive producers and to include additional convention footage from European conventions.", "Dusty Rhoades __knowledge__ Donald \"Dusty\" Rhoades, also known by his online alias Dustykatt, is a YouTube celebrity and online talk show host as one of the more recognizable faces of the adult fandom for the show \"\".", "Dusty Rhoades __knowledge__ He, along with his friend \"Screwball\" host a weekly podcast \"Stay Brony, My Friends\" where they discuss the show and interview guests, both from the brony community and from those involved with the show's and extended market production, and is a frequent panelist and host for several brony conventions like BronyCon.", "Dusty Rhoades __knowledge__ He has been featured in two documentaries about the fandom, \"\", and \"A Brony Tale\".", "Dusty Rhoades __knowledge__ Rhoades was born in Michigan and lives in San Jose, California, where he works at a motorcycle parts store.", "Ashleigh Ball __knowledge__ Ashleigh Adele Ball (born March 31, 1983) is a Canadian voice actress and musician, known for singing in the rock band Hey Ocean!, as well as voicing characters in several toyetic movies and television series, notably the \"Barbie\" film series, \"Bratz\", \"Johnny Test\", \"Littlest Pet Shop\", and \"\".", "Ashleigh Ball __knowledge__ She is the subject of the documentary \"A Brony Tale\" directed by Brent Hodge, which follows her through her first interactions with the Brony community at BronyCon 2012.", "Ashleigh Ball __knowledge__ She had provided the voice of Feetface from Noggin from April 1, 2002, to April 6, 2003.", "Ashleigh Ball __knowledge__ (Feetface was the Noggin mascot before Moose and Zee).", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Disney/Pixar's \"Toy Story\" franchise which consists of the animated films \"Toy Story\" (1995), \"Toy Story 2\" (1999), and \"Toy Story 3\" (2010) and the animated short films.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ Voiced by: Sheriff Woody Pride is a 1950s old traditional pull string cowboy doll, and Andy's favorite toy.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ Appearing in all three \"Toy Story\" films, he usually acts as the leader of the gang.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ His rivalry with Buzz forms the basis of the plot of the first film.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ In \"Toy Story 2\", he is stolen at a yard sale by a toy collector, causing the other toys to embark on a rescue mission.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ In \"Toy Story 3\" he and the other toys are shipped to a daycare center.", "My Little Pony (2010 toyline) __knowledge__ In 2010, American toy company Hasbro relaunched its My Little Pony toyline and media franchise originally created in the 1980s, with the animated television series \"\" as a flagship non-toy media.", "My Little Pony (2010 toyline) __knowledge__ This generation is not given any name by Hasbro, but some of later releases of toys are labeled with the subtitle \"Friendship Is Magic\".", "My Little Pony (2010 toyline) __knowledge__ It is unofficially referred to the \"Fourth Generation\", \"Generation Four\" or \"G4\" by collectors.", "My Little Pony (2010 toyline) __knowledge__ It takes place in the fictional location named Equestria, a society inhabited by three kinds of ponies (earth ponies, unicorns and pegasi) and other species, with winged unicorns – named \"alicorns\" in later releases despite the word's origin – having royal status.", "Transformers (toy line) __knowledge__ The is a line of toys produced by the American toy company Hasbro and Japanese company Takara (now known as Takara Tomy) The Transformers toyline was created from toy molds mostly produced by Japanese company Takara in the toylines Diaclone and Microman.", "Transformers (toy line) __knowledge__ Other toy molds from other companies such as Bandai were used as well.", "Transformers (toy line) __knowledge__ In 1984, Hasbro bought the distribution rights to the molds and rebranded them as the Transformers for distribution in North America.", "Transformers (toy line) __knowledge__ The designs for the original 28 figures were made by Kojin Ono, Takashi Matsuda, Hideaki Yoke, Hiroyuki Obara, and Satoshi Koizumi.", "Transformers (toy line) __knowledge__ Hasbro would go on to buy the entire toy line from Takara, giving them sole ownership of the Transformers toy-line, branding rights, and copyrights, while in exchange, Takara was given the rights to produce the toys and the rights to distribute them in the Japanese market.", "G.I. Joe __knowledge__ G.I.", "G.I. Joe __knowledge__ Joe is a line of action figures produced and owned by the toy company Hasbro.", "G.I. Joe __knowledge__ The initial product offering represented four of the branches of the U.S. armed forces with the Action Soldier (U.S. Army), Action Sailor (U.S. Navy), Action Pilot (Air Force), Action Marine (Marine Corps) and later on, the Action Nurse.", "G.I. Joe __knowledge__ The name derived from the usage of \"G.I.", "G.I. Joe __knowledge__ Joe\" for the generic U.S. soldier, itself derived from the more general term \"G.I.\".", "G.I. Joe __knowledge__ The development of G.I.", "G.I. Joe __knowledge__ Joe led to the coining of the term \"action figure\".", "G.I. Joe __knowledge__ G.I.", "G.I. Joe __knowledge__ Joe's appeal to children has made it an American icon among toys.", "G.I. Joe __knowledge__ The G.I.", "My Little Pony __knowledge__ My Little Pony is an entertainment franchise developed by Hasbro, originally as a toy line for girls.", "My Little Pony __knowledge__ The first toys were developed by Bonnie Zacherle, Charles Muenchinger, and Steve D'Aguanno, and were produced in 1981.", "My Little Pony __knowledge__ The ponies feature colorful bodies, manes and a unique symbol on one or both sides of their flanks.", "My Little Pony __knowledge__ Such symbols are referred to in the two most recent incarnations as \"cutie marks.\"", "My Little Pony __knowledge__ My Little Pony has been revamped several times with new and more modern looks to appeal to a new market.", "My Little Pony __knowledge__ Following the original My Pretty Pony toy that was introduced in 1981, My Little Pony was launched in 1982 and the line became popular during the 1980s.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic __knowledge__ My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic is a children's animated fantasy television series created by Lauren Faust for Hasbro.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic __knowledge__ The series is based on Hasbro's My Little Pony line of toys and animated works and is often referred by collectors as the fourth generation (\"G4\") of the franchise.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic __knowledge__ The series premiered on October 10, 2010, on The Hub cable channel.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic __knowledge__ Hasbro selected animator Lauren Faust as the creative director and executive producer for the show.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic __knowledge__ Faust sought to challenge the established nature of the existing My Little Pony line, creating more in-depth characters and adventurous settings; she left the series during season 2, to be replaced by Meghan McCarthy as showrunner." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ \"\" is an animated television series produced by Hasbro as part of the \"My Little Pony\" toy franchise, which is tied in with the 2010 launch of dolls and play sets, and original programming for U.S. cable channel Discovery Family (formerly Hub Network).", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ Lauren Faust was selected as the creative developer and executive producer for the show, based on her previous animation experience with shows like \"The Powerpuff Girls\" and \"Foster's Home for Imaginary Friends\".", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ Under Hasbro's guidance, Faust developed the show to appeal to the target demographic of young girls and their parents, but created characters and settings that challenged formerly stereotypical norms of \"girly\" images, and added adventure and humorous elements to keep parents interested.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ The show received praise from television critics and parental groups.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ It also found an unlikely audience in a large group of adult Internet users in late 2010 and early 2011, forming a subculture.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ These fans, mostly male, were drawn to the show's characters, stories, animation style, and influence of the show's propagation as an Internet meme.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ The fandom adopted the name brony (plural bronies), a portmanteau of \"bro\" and \"pony\".", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ Though initially considered to propagate the humorous and ironic concept of people enjoying a show for young girls, the fandom has shown deeper appreciation for the show far beyond this concept, and is considered part of a New Sincerity trend.", "BAD RAP (organization) __knowledge__ BAD RAP (acronym for Bay Area Dog-lovers Responsible About Pit Bulls) is an animal welfare and rescue group based in Oakland, California, devoted to caring for and improving the public image of pit bull terriers as pets.", "BAD RAP (organization) __knowledge__ BAD RAP is a federal non-profit organization (under IRS Code 501(c)3) located in Oakland, California.", "BAD RAP (organization) __knowledge__ It was incorporated in 1999 to address the needs of homeless dogs, specifically homeless American Pit Bull Terriers, and to provide support and resources to animal welfare organizations that deal with pit bulls.", "BAD RAP (organization) __knowledge__ The organization also focuses on providing owner support, in the form of training, spay/neuter assistance and other resources, to families who own pit bulls.", "Bad Rap (documentary) __knowledge__ Bad Rap is a 2016 documentary directed by Salima Koroma, and produced by Jaeki Cho.", "Bad Rap (documentary) __knowledge__ The documentary follows the lives of Korean-American hip-hop artists Dumbfounddead, Awkwafina, Rekstizzy, and Lyricks, and their struggle to garner credibility in the American hip-hop industry.", "Bad Rap (documentary) __knowledge__ \"Bad Rap\" premiered at the Tribeca Film Festival on April 13, 2016, and has since been screened at twelve other film festivals around the world.", "Bad Rap (documentary) __knowledge__ As of September 7, 2017, the film has been made available on the iTunes Store, Amazon, VUDU, Google Play, and Netflix.", "Bad Rap (documentary) __knowledge__ \"Bad Rap\" features the stories of four prominent Asian-American hip-hop figures, all at different points in their careers, but sharing the same goal of succeeding in the mainstream.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Tracy Barlow __knowledge__ Tracy Lynette Barlow (also Langton, Preston, Cropper and McDonald) is a fictional character and the main antagonist from the British ITV soap opera, \"Coronation Street\".", "Tracy Barlow __knowledge__ She was born on screen during the episode broadcast on 24 January 1977.", "Tracy Barlow __knowledge__ She was played by Christabel Finch until 21 November 1983.", "Tracy Barlow __knowledge__ Holly Chamarette played the role from 8 July 1985 until 23 March 1988.", "Tracy Barlow __knowledge__ Dawn Acton played the role from 12 December 1988, until 14 June 1995, Acton reprised the role in November 1996, and departed in December 1997.", "Tracy Barlow __knowledge__ She reprised the role once again on 17 March 1999 and made her final appearance as Tracy on 10 October 1999.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "BronyCon __knowledge__ BronyCon is an annual fan convention held on the east coast of the United States for fans of \"\", among them adult and teenage fans of the show, who call themselves .", "BronyCon __knowledge__ Eight events have occurred to date, with the most recent one in July 2016 drawing in 7,609 attendees.", "BronyCon __knowledge__ On October 20, 2014, BronyCon chairman Josh Dean had announced plans for the convention all the way through 2025.", "BronyCon __knowledge__ BronyCon was previously styled as BroNYCon, as its first three conventions were held in New York City.", "BronyCon __knowledge__ It dropped the 'NYC' capitalization for its fourth event, which was held in nearby Secaucus, New Jersey.", "BronyCon __knowledge__ The 2013 event marked the convention's move to Baltimore, Maryland, as well as a shift from twice a year to once a year.", "A Brony Tale __knowledge__ A Brony Tale (originally titled Brony) is a 2014 Canadian-American documentary film directed by Brent Hodge.", "A Brony Tale __knowledge__ The film explores the brony phenomenon, the adult fan base of the children's animated show \"\" that arose shortly after its premiere in 2010.", "A Brony Tale __knowledge__ The film is structured around the journey of Ashleigh Ball, one of the principal voice actresses for the show, including her initial reactions to learning of this older fanbase, and her travel as a Guest of Honor to one of the first fan conventions BronyCon held in New York City in 2012.", "A Brony Tale __knowledge__ Hodge, a close friend of and previous collaborator with Ball, was curious as she was as to this phenomenon and opted to film her travel and appearance at the convention for the documentary.", "Comic book convention __knowledge__ A comic book convention or comic con is an event with a primary focus on comic books and comic book culture, in which comic book fans gather to meet creators, experts, and each other.", "Comic book convention __knowledge__ Commonly, comic conventions are multi-day events hosted at convention centers, hotels, or college campuses.", "Comic book convention __knowledge__ They feature a wide variety of activities and panels, with a larger number of attendees participating in cosplay than most other types of fan conventions.", "Comic book convention __knowledge__ Comic book conventions are also used as a vehicle for industry, in which publishers, distributors, and retailers represent their comic-related releases.", "Comic book convention __knowledge__ Comic book conventions may be considered derivatives of science-fiction conventions, which began in the late 1930s.", "Trekkie __knowledge__ A Trekkie is a fan of the \"Star Trek\" franchise, or of specific television series or films within that franchise.", "Trekkie __knowledge__ In 1967, science fiction editor Arthur W. Saha applied the term \"trekkies\" when he saw a few fans of the first season of \"\" wearing pointy ears at the 25th World Science Fiction Convention, on the day series creator Gene Roddenberry showed a print of \"Amok Time\" to the convention.", "Trekkie __knowledge__ Saha used the term in an interview with Pete Hamill that Hamill was conducting for \"TV Guide\" concerning the phenomenon of science fiction.", "Trekkie __knowledge__ Many early Trekkies were also fans of \"The Man From U.N.C.L.E.\"", "Trekkie __knowledge__ (1964–1968), another show with science fiction elements and a devoted, \"cult\"-like audience.", "Bronies: The Extremely Unexpected Adult Fans of My Little Pony __knowledge__ Bronies: The Extremely Unexpected Adult Fans of My Little Pony (formerly titled BronyCon: The Documentary) is a 2012 documentary film centering on , the adult fans of the 2010 animated television series, \"\".", "Bronies: The Extremely Unexpected Adult Fans of My Little Pony __knowledge__ The film, funded through crowd-sourcing via Kickstarter, was originally envisioned to follow voice actor and executive producer John de Lancie to the 2012 Summer BronyCon in New Jersey.", "Bronies: The Extremely Unexpected Adult Fans of My Little Pony __knowledge__ The project raised much more than anticipated, allowing it to grow in scope to bring on Lauren Faust, \"Friendship Is Magic\" original creator, and Tara Strong, a principal voice actress on the show, as executive producers and to include additional convention footage from European conventions.", "Comic Art Convention __knowledge__ The Comic Art Convention was an American comic-book fan convention held annually New York City, New York, over Independence Day weekend from 1968 through 1983, except for 1977, when it was held in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and 1978 to 1979, when editions of the convention were held in both New York and Philadelphia.", "Comic Art Convention __knowledge__ The first large-scale comics convention, and one of the largest gatherings of its kind until the Comic-Con International in San Diego, California, it grew into a major trade and fan convention.", "Comic Art Convention __knowledge__ It was founded by Phil Seuling, a Brooklyn, New York City, teacher, who later developed the concept of comic-book direct marketing, which led to the rise to the modern comic book store." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ \"\" is an animated television series produced by Hasbro as part of the \"My Little Pony\" toy franchise, which is tied in with the 2010 launch of dolls and play sets, and original programming for U.S. cable channel Discovery Family (formerly Hub Network).", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ Lauren Faust was selected as the creative developer and executive producer for the show, based on her previous animation experience with shows like \"The Powerpuff Girls\" and \"Foster's Home for Imaginary Friends\".", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ Under Hasbro's guidance, Faust developed the show to appeal to the target demographic of young girls and their parents, but created characters and settings that challenged formerly stereotypical norms of \"girly\" images, and added adventure and humorous elements to keep parents interested.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ The show received praise from television critics and parental groups.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ It also found an unlikely audience in a large group of adult Internet users in late 2010 and early 2011, forming a subculture.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ These fans, mostly male, were drawn to the show's characters, stories, animation style, and influence of the show's propagation as an Internet meme.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ The fandom adopted the name brony (plural bronies), a portmanteau of \"bro\" and \"pony\".", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ Though initially considered to propagate the humorous and ironic concept of people enjoying a show for young girls, the fandom has shown deeper appreciation for the show far beyond this concept, and is considered part of a New Sincerity trend.", "Super Bowl XXXVIII halftime show controversy __knowledge__ Super Bowl XXXVIII – which was broadcast live on February 1, 2004 from Houston, Texas on the CBS television network in the United States – was noted for a controversial halftime show in which Janet Jackson's breast, adorned with a nipple shield, was exposed by Justin Timberlake for about half a second, in what was later referred to as a \"wardrobe malfunction\".", "Super Bowl XXXVIII halftime show controversy __knowledge__ The incident, sometimes referred to as Nipplegate, was widely discussed.", "Super Bowl XXXVIII halftime show controversy __knowledge__ Along with the rest of the halftime show, it led to an immediate crackdown and widespread debate on perceived indecency in broadcasting.", "Super Bowl XXXVIII halftime show controversy __knowledge__ The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) fined CBS a record US$550,000 which was fought in the Supreme Court, but that fine was appealed and ultimately voided by the Third Circuit Court of Appeals in a 2011 ruling, and a case to reinstate the fine was refused in 2012.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", ""Weird Al" Yankovic __knowledge__ Alfred Matthew \"Weird Al\" Yankovic ( ; born October 23, 1959) is an American singer, songwriter, parodist, record producer, satirist, actor, voice actor, music video director, film producer, and author.", ""Weird Al" Yankovic __knowledge__ He is known for his humorous songs that make light of popular culture and often parody specific songs by contemporary musical acts, original songs that are style pastiches of the work of other acts, and polka medleys of several popular songs, featuring his favored instrument, the accordion.", ""Weird Al" Yankovic __knowledge__ Since his first-aired comedy song in 1976, he has sold more than 12 million albums (), recorded more than 150 parody and original songs, and has performed more than 1,000 live shows.", "List of iCarly characters __knowledge__ The Nickelodeon sitcom \"iCarly\" centers on Carly Shay, who creates her own web show with her best friends Sam and Freddie.", "List of iCarly characters __knowledge__ The series stars Miranda Cosgrove as Carly, Jennette McCurdy as Sam, Nathan Kress as Freddie, Jerry Trainor as Spencer, and Noah Munck as Gibby.", "List of iCarly characters __knowledge__ The series was created by Dan Schneider, who also serves as executive producer.", "List of iCarly characters __knowledge__ Carlotta \"Carly\" Shay (Miranda Cosgrove) starts as a 13-year-old girl who lives with her older brother, Spencer Shay, in Seattle, Washington.", "List of iCarly characters __knowledge__ They live in the Bushwell Plaza apartment building.", "List of iCarly characters __knowledge__ Carly's best friends are Sam Puckett, Freddie Benson (who lives in the same apartment building), and Gibby Gibson.", "Brent Hodge __knowledge__ Brent Hodge (born July 9, 1985) is a Canadian-New Zealander documentary filmmaker and entrepreneur.", "Brent Hodge __knowledge__ He is best known for his documentaries \"I Am Chris Farley\", \"A Brony Tale\" and \"The Pistol Shrimps\".", "Brent Hodge __knowledge__ He has been nominated for six Leo Awards for his documentary movies \"Winning America\", \"What Happens Next?\"", "Brent Hodge __knowledge__ and \"A Brony Tale\", winning one for \"A Brony Tale\" in 2015.", "Brent Hodge __knowledge__ He was nominated for two Shorty Awards under the \"director\" category in 2014 and 2015 for his work on \"The Beetle Roadtrip Sessions\" and \"A Brony Tale\".", "Brent Hodge __knowledge__ Hodge also won a Canadian Screen Award in 2014 for directing \"The Beetle Roadtrip Sessions with Grant Lawrence\".", "A Brony Tale __knowledge__ A Brony Tale (originally titled Brony) is a 2014 Canadian-American documentary film directed by Brent Hodge.", "A Brony Tale __knowledge__ The film explores the brony phenomenon, the adult fan base of the children's animated show \"\" that arose shortly after its premiere in 2010.", "A Brony Tale __knowledge__ The film is structured around the journey of Ashleigh Ball, one of the principal voice actresses for the show, including her initial reactions to learning of this older fanbase, and her travel as a Guest of Honor to one of the first fan conventions BronyCon held in New York City in 2012.", "A Brony Tale __knowledge__ Hodge, a close friend of and previous collaborator with Ball, was curious as she was as to this phenomenon and opted to film her travel and appearance at the convention for the documentary.", "BronyCon __knowledge__ BronyCon is an annual fan convention held on the east coast of the United States for fans of \"\", among them adult and teenage fans of the show, who call themselves .", "BronyCon __knowledge__ Eight events have occurred to date, with the most recent one in July 2016 drawing in 7,609 attendees.", "BronyCon __knowledge__ On October 20, 2014, BronyCon chairman Josh Dean had announced plans for the convention all the way through 2025.", "BronyCon __knowledge__ BronyCon was previously styled as BroNYCon, as its first three conventions were held in New York City.", "BronyCon __knowledge__ It dropped the 'NYC' capitalization for its fourth event, which was held in nearby Secaucus, New Jersey.", "BronyCon __knowledge__ The 2013 event marked the convention's move to Baltimore, Maryland, as well as a shift from twice a year to once a year.", "Lauren Bercovitch __knowledge__ Lauren Bercovitch (born September 29, 1984) is a Vancouver-based Canadian producer, whose most recent film, \"A Brony Tale\", was released in North American theaters July 2014.", "Lauren Bercovitch __knowledge__ After production managing at Adbusters Media Foundation for five years, Bercovitch story produced the Leo-award-winning \"Anna & Kristina’s Grocery Bag\", which was also nominated for a Gemini Award.", "Lauren Bercovitch __knowledge__ In 2014, Bercovitch produced the TV movie \"Anna & Kristina: Cooked\" and was a producer on Brent Hodge's \"A Brony Tale\", a documentary about the bronies, the teenage and adult fans of the television show \"\".", "Lauren Bercovitch __knowledge__ \"A Brony Tale\" had its world premiere at the 2014 Tribeca Film Festival and was met with critical acclaim.", "Dusty Rhoades __knowledge__ Donald \"Dusty\" Rhoades, also known by his online alias Dustykatt, is a YouTube celebrity and online talk show host as one of the more recognizable faces of the adult fandom for the show \"\".", "Dusty Rhoades __knowledge__ He, along with his friend \"Screwball\" host a weekly podcast \"Stay Brony, My Friends\" where they discuss the show and interview guests, both from the brony community and from those involved with the show's and extended market production, and is a frequent panelist and host for several brony conventions like BronyCon.", "Dusty Rhoades __knowledge__ He has been featured in two documentaries about the fandom, \"\", and \"A Brony Tale\".", "Dusty Rhoades __knowledge__ Rhoades was born in Michigan and lives in San Jose, California, where he works at a motorcycle parts store.", "Ashleigh Ball __knowledge__ Ashleigh Adele Ball (born March 31, 1983) is a Canadian voice actress and musician, known for singing in the rock band Hey Ocean!, as well as voicing characters in several toyetic movies and television series, notably the \"Barbie\" film series, \"Bratz\", \"Johnny Test\", \"Littlest Pet Shop\", and \"\".", "Ashleigh Ball __knowledge__ She is the subject of the documentary \"A Brony Tale\" directed by Brent Hodge, which follows her through her first interactions with the Brony community at BronyCon 2012.", "Ashleigh Ball __knowledge__ She had provided the voice of Feetface from Noggin from April 1, 2002, to April 6, 2003.", "Ashleigh Ball __knowledge__ (Feetface was the Noggin mascot before Moose and Zee)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ \"\" is an animated television series produced by Hasbro as part of the \"My Little Pony\" toy franchise, which is tied in with the 2010 launch of dolls and play sets, and original programming for U.S. cable channel Discovery Family (formerly Hub Network).", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ Lauren Faust was selected as the creative developer and executive producer for the show, based on her previous animation experience with shows like \"The Powerpuff Girls\" and \"Foster's Home for Imaginary Friends\".", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ Under Hasbro's guidance, Faust developed the show to appeal to the target demographic of young girls and their parents, but created characters and settings that challenged formerly stereotypical norms of \"girly\" images, and added adventure and humorous elements to keep parents interested.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ The show received praise from television critics and parental groups.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ It also found an unlikely audience in a large group of adult Internet users in late 2010 and early 2011, forming a subculture.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ These fans, mostly male, were drawn to the show's characters, stories, animation style, and influence of the show's propagation as an Internet meme.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ The fandom adopted the name brony (plural bronies), a portmanteau of \"bro\" and \"pony\".", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ Though initially considered to propagate the humorous and ironic concept of people enjoying a show for young girls, the fandom has shown deeper appreciation for the show far beyond this concept, and is considered part of a New Sincerity trend.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Glory Days is the sixteenth season of \"The Biggest Loser\" which premiered on September 11, 2014 on NBC.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ Bob Harper and Dolvett Quince returned as trainers, while Jillian Michaels decided to leave the show.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ There are two new trainers this season: Jessie Pavelka and Jennifer Widerstrom.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season, the contestants are all former athletes including former National Football League players and Olympic Gold medalists.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize which was awarded to Toma Dobrosavljevic, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season was also the last for host Alison Sweeney to focus on other projects.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The Nicomachean Ethics (; Greek: Ἠθικὰ Νικομάχεια) is the name normally given to Aristotle's best-known work on ethics.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The work, which plays a pre-eminent role in defining Aristotelian ethics, consists of ten books, originally separate scrolls, and is understood to be based on notes from his lectures at the Lyceum.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The title is often assumed to refer to his son Nicomachus, to whom the work was dedicated or who may have edited it (although his young age makes this less likely).", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ Alternatively, the work may have been dedicated to his father, who was also called Nicomachus.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The theme of the work is a Socratic question previously explored in the works of Plato, Aristotle's friend and teacher, of how men should best live.", "Tony DiNozzo and Ziva David __knowledge__ Tony DiNozzo and Ziva David are fictional characters from the American police procedural drama \"NCIS\".", "Tony DiNozzo and Ziva David __knowledge__ Tony, an original character, is portrayed by Michael Weatherly, and Ziva, who first appeared in the third season, is portrayed by Cote de Pablo.", "Tony DiNozzo and Ziva David __knowledge__ Frequently referred to by the portmanteau \"Tiva\" (for Tony and Ziva), the characters' flirtation and the idea of them eventually beginning a relationship became a subject of interest among viewers, and by 2010, \"TV Guide\" reported that \"many fans have become obsessed with the romantic tension between Weatherly's character and co-worker Ziva\".", "Tony DiNozzo and Ziva David __knowledge__ Focus and media coverage on the pair escalated over the years, particularly after \"NCIS\" became the most watched television series in America during its tenth season.", "Healthy in Paranoid Times __knowledge__ Healthy in Paranoid Times is the sixth studio album by Canadian alternative rock band Our Lady Peace, released on August 30, 2005 by Columbia Records.", "Healthy in Paranoid Times __knowledge__ The disc was released on a standard CD as well as a DualDisc, with the reverse side containing a documentary on the making of the album.", "Healthy in Paranoid Times __knowledge__ The album fared well in both Canada and the U.S., but didn't match up to the success of its 2002 predecessor, \"Gravity\".", "Healthy in Paranoid Times __knowledge__ The first single was \"Where Are You\", released in Canada during June 2005 and released in the United States a month later.", "Healthy in Paranoid Times __knowledge__ The second and third singles were \"Angels/Losing/Sleep\" and \"Will the Future Blame Us\", respectively.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Girls' Generation __knowledge__ Girls' Generation (), also known as SNSD, is a South Korean girl group formed by S.M.", "Girls' Generation __knowledge__ Entertainment.", "Girls' Generation __knowledge__ The group is composed of eight members: Taeyeon, Sunny, Tiffany, Hyoyeon, Yuri, Sooyoung, Yoona and Seohyun.", "Girls' Generation __knowledge__ Originally a nine-piece group, Jessica later departed from the group in September 2014.", "Girls' Generation __knowledge__ Girls' Generation debuted in 2007 with their Korean eponymous debut album.", "Girls' Generation __knowledge__ Though the album gained some attention, it was not until 2009 that the group rose to fame with the single \"Gee\", which claimed the top spot on KBS's \"Music Bank\" for a record-breaking nine consecutive weeks and was named the most popular song of the 2000s in South Korea by Melon.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Bronies: The Extremely Unexpected Adult Fans of My Little Pony __knowledge__ Bronies: The Extremely Unexpected Adult Fans of My Little Pony (formerly titled BronyCon: The Documentary) is a 2012 documentary film centering on , the adult fans of the 2010 animated television series, \"\".", "Bronies: The Extremely Unexpected Adult Fans of My Little Pony __knowledge__ The film, funded through crowd-sourcing via Kickstarter, was originally envisioned to follow voice actor and executive producer John de Lancie to the 2012 Summer BronyCon in New Jersey.", "Bronies: The Extremely Unexpected Adult Fans of My Little Pony __knowledge__ The project raised much more than anticipated, allowing it to grow in scope to bring on Lauren Faust, \"Friendship Is Magic\" original creator, and Tara Strong, a principal voice actress on the show, as executive producers and to include additional convention footage from European conventions.", "Fan (person) __knowledge__ A fan, or fanatic, sometimes also termed aficionado or supporter, is a person who is enthusiastically devoted to something or somebody, such as a band, a sports team, a genre, a politician, a book, a movie or an entertainer.", "Fan (person) __knowledge__ Collectively, the fans of a particular object or person constitute its fanbase or fandom.", "Fan (person) __knowledge__ They may show their enthusiasm in a variety of ways, such as by promoting the object of their interest, being members of a fan club, holding or participating in fan conventions, or writing fan mail.", "Fan (person) __knowledge__ They may also engage in creative activities (\"fan labor\") such as creating fanzines, writing fan fiction, making memes or drawing fan art.", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays __knowledge__ Characters of Shakespear's Plays is an 1817 book of criticism of Shakespeare's plays, written by early nineteenth century English essayist and literary critic William Hazlitt.", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays __knowledge__ Composed in reaction to the neoclassical approach to Shakespeare's plays typified by Samuel Johnson, it was among the first English-language studies of Shakespeare's plays to follow the manner of German critic August Wilhelm Schlegel, and, with the work of Samuel Taylor Coleridge, paved the way for the increased appreciation of Shakespeare's genius that was characteristic of later nineteenth-century criticism.", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays __knowledge__ It was also the first book to cover all of Shakespeare's plays, intended as a guide for the general reader.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ South African criminal law is the body of national law relating to crime in South Africa.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ In the definition of Van der Walt \"et al\", a crime is \"conduct which common or statute law prohibits and expressly or impliedly subjects to punishment remissible by the state alone and which the offender cannot avoid by his own act once he has been convicted.\"", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ Crime involves the infliction of harm against society.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ The function or object of criminal law is to provide a social mechanism with which to coerce members of society to abstain from conduct that is harmful to the interests of society.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ In South Africa, as in most adversarial legal systems, the standard of evidence required to validate a criminal conviction is proof beyond a reasonable doubt.", "Cult film __knowledge__ A cult film or cult movie, also commonly referred to as a cult classic, is a film that has acquired a cult following.", "Cult film __knowledge__ Cult films are known for their dedicated, passionate fanbase, an elaborate subculture that engage in repeated viewings, quoting dialogue, and audience participation.", "Cult film __knowledge__ Inclusive definitions allow for major studio productions, especially box office bombs, while exclusive definitions focus more on obscure, transgressive films shunned by the mainstream.", "Cult film __knowledge__ The difficulty in defining the term and subjectivity of what qualifies as a cult film mirror classificatory disputes about art.", "Cult film __knowledge__ The term \"cult film\" itself was first used in the 1970s to describe the culture that surrounded underground films and midnight movies, though \"cult\" was in common use in film analysis for decades prior to that.", "Fandom __knowledge__ Fandom is a subculture composed of fans characterized by a feeling of empathy and camaraderie with others who share a common interest.", "Fandom __knowledge__ Fans typically are interested in even minor details of the object(s) of their fandom and spend a significant portion of their time and energy involved with their interest, often as a part of a social network with particular practices (a fandom); this is what differentiates \"fannish\" (fandom-affiliated) fans from those with only a casual interest.", "Fandom __knowledge__ A fandom can grow around any area of human interest or activity.", "Fandom __knowledge__ The subject of fan interest can be narrowly defined, focused on something like an individual celebrity, or more widely defined, encompassing entire hobbies, genres or fashions." ] ]

[ 1, 9, 42, 8, 6 ]

[ "You mean the animated television series produced by hasbro? I have never watched it but I think it was tied in with a new launch of dolls and toys in 2010. ", "Have you ever attending Bronycon? It is an annual fan convention held on the east coast for adult and teenage fans of the show.", "Why do they get a bad rap, is it because A brony Tale? the documentary from 2014 directed by Brent Hodge?", "Yeah it seems that that is what Bronies like about the show, the fandom surely found a deeper appreciation for the show far beyond the initial impression. It's endearing.", "Yeah most of the fans did end up being mostly male, and ended up being drawn to the shows characters and stories. The show did eventually become a bit of an internet meme though." ]

[ "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom" ]

[ "American Eagle Outfitters", "I use to buy stuff at American Eagle but then I came to my senses and stop buying their over priced clothes.", "My friend use to work at there competitor, aeropostal, so I started shopping there.", "They have some cheap lingerie but nothing spectacular." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ American Eagle Outfitters, Inc. is an American clothing and accessories retailer, headquartered in the Southside Works Neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ It was founded in 1977 by brothers Jerry and Mark Silverman as a subsidiary of Retail Ventures, Inc., a company which also owned and operated Silverman's Menswear.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ The Silvermans sold their ownership interests in 1991 to Jacob Price of Knoxville, Tennessee.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ American Eagle Outfitters is also the parent company of Aerie.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ The brand targets male and female college students, although older adults wear the brand, with 949 American Eagle Outfitters stores and 97 stand-alone and 67 side-by-side Aerie stores.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ In 1977, the first American Eagle Outfitters store opened in Twelve Oaks Mall in Novi, Michigan.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ Some of the brand's popular products are jeans (especially the low rise jeans type), polo shirts, graphic T-shirts, sweatpants, henley shirts, vanity boxers, boxer briefs and briefs, outerwear, and swimwear.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ American Eagle's beginning was with the Silverman family, which owned and operated Silvermans Menswear.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ By the mid-1970s, two of the Silverman brothers—from the third generation of Silvermans in the family business—were running the family business." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ American Eagle Outfitters, Inc. is an American clothing and accessories retailer, headquartered in the Southside Works Neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ It was founded in 1977 by brothers Jerry and Mark Silverman as a subsidiary of Retail Ventures, Inc., a company which also owned and operated Silverman's Menswear.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ The Silvermans sold their ownership interests in 1991 to Jacob Price of Knoxville, Tennessee.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ American Eagle Outfitters is also the parent company of Aerie.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ The brand targets male and female college students, although older adults wear the brand, with 949 American Eagle Outfitters stores and 97 stand-alone and 67 side-by-side Aerie stores.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ In 1977, the first American Eagle Outfitters store opened in Twelve Oaks Mall in Novi, Michigan.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ Some of the brand's popular products are jeans (especially the low rise jeans type), polo shirts, graphic T-shirts, sweatpants, henley shirts, vanity boxers, boxer briefs and briefs, outerwear, and swimwear.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ American Eagle's beginning was with the Silverman family, which owned and operated Silvermans Menswear.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ By the mid-1970s, two of the Silverman brothers—from the third generation of Silvermans in the family business—were running the family business.", "American Eagle (Marvel Comics) __knowledge__ American Eagle (Jason Strongbow) is a fictional character, a Native American superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "American Eagle (Marvel Comics) __knowledge__ American Eagle first appears in \"Marvel Two-in-One Annual\" #6 (October 1981), by writer Doug Moench and penciler Ron Wilson.", "American Eagle (Marvel Comics) __knowledge__ In the story entitled \"An Eagle from America!\"", "American Eagle (Marvel Comics) __knowledge__ Strongbow gains superhuman powers and becomes American Eagle.", "American Eagle (Marvel Comics) __knowledge__ He joins with Thing, Ka-Zar, and Wyatt Wingfoot to defeat Klaw.", "American Eagle (Marvel Comics) __knowledge__ The character subsequently appears in \"Contest of Champions\" #1, 3 (June & August 1982), \"Incredible Hulk\" vol.", "American Eagle (Marvel Comics) __knowledge__ 1 #279 (January 1983), and \"Rom\" #65-66 (April 1985-May 1985).", "American Eagle (airline brand) __knowledge__ American Eagle is an American brand name for the regional branch of American Airlines, under which ten individual regional airlines operate short- and medium-haul feeder flights.", "American Eagle (airline brand) __knowledge__ Three of these airlines, Envoy Air (formerly American Eagle Airlines), Piedmont Airlines and PSA Airlines, are wholly owned subsidiaries of American Airlines Group.", "American Eagle (airline brand) __knowledge__ Just like the regional brands of the other two major airlines (Delta Connection and United Express), American Airlines' regional brand accounts for more than 60% of American Airlines flights.", "American Eagle (airline brand) __knowledge__ Prior to the Airline Deregulation Act in 1978, most major US air carriers had maintained close relationships with independent regional carriers in order to feed passengers from smaller markets into the larger cities, and, in turn, onto the larger legacy carriers.", "Abercrombie & Fitch __knowledge__ Abercrombie & Fitch (A&F) is an American retailer that focuses on upscale casual wear for young consumers, its headquarters are in New Albany, Ohio.", "Abercrombie & Fitch __knowledge__ The company operates 1,049 stores across all three brands.", "Abercrombie & Fitch __knowledge__ The company operates two other offshoot brands: Abercrombie Kids & Hollister Co. Once known for its sexualised ad campaigns, the company has toned down its imagery and no longer displays nearly nude models in their advertisements.", "Abercrombie & Fitch __knowledge__ According to Chairman Arthur Martinez, Abercrombie and Fitch is now targeting an older consumer, from ages 18–25.", "Abercrombie & Fitch __knowledge__ These changes provide the hopes that the audience will see the company is evolving along with its consumers, and boost sales.", "Envoy Air __knowledge__ Envoy Air Inc. (formerly American Eagle Airlines) is an air carrier headquartered in Irving, Texas, in the Dallas-Fort Worth metroplex.", "Envoy Air __knowledge__ It is a wholly owned subsidiary of American Airlines Group that, along with several carriers outside the group, feeds the American Airlines route network under the American Eagle brand.", "Envoy Air __knowledge__ With over 800 flights a day, serving 150 cities across the United States, Canada, Mexico and the Caribbean, Envoy is considered to be one of the world's largest regional airline systems.", "Envoy Air __knowledge__ Envoy is an affiliate member of the Oneworld airline alliance.", "Envoy Air __knowledge__ The name \"American Eagle Airlines\" was also used between April 1980 and April 1981 by an unrelated air charter service that suspended operations and filed bankruptcy before flying any scheduled operations.", "Biba __knowledge__ Biba was a London fashion store of the 1960s and 1970s.", "Biba __knowledge__ Biba was started and primarily run by the Polish-born Barbara Hulanicki with help of her husband Stephen Fitz-Simon.", "Biba __knowledge__ Biba's early years were rather humble, with many of the outfits being cheap and available to the public by mail order.", "Biba __knowledge__ Biba’s postal boutique had its first significant success in May 1964 when it offered a pink gingham dress with a hole cut out of the back of the neck with a matching triangular kerchief to readers of the \"Daily Mirror\".", "Biba __knowledge__ The dress had celebrity appeal, as a similar dress had been worn by Brigitte Bardot.", "Biba __knowledge__ By the morning after the dress was advertised in the \"Daily Mirror\", over 4,000 orders had been received.", "Santa Fe Regional Airport __knowledge__ Santa Fe Regional Airport is ten miles southwest of Santa Fe, in Santa Fe County, New Mexico.", "Santa Fe Regional Airport __knowledge__ The Santa Fe Regional Airport opened in 1941.", "Santa Fe Regional Airport __knowledge__ The airport had seen an increase in airline flights, with 43,329 passenger boardings (enplanements) in calendar year 2011 and 47,847 in 2012.", "Santa Fe Regional Airport __knowledge__ The National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2011–2015 called it a \"general aviation\" airport based on enplanements in 2008, when Santa Fe had no airline service while airport officials awaited federal approval of an environmental impact assessment (the \"commercial service\" category requires at least 2,500 per year).", "Six Flags Great America __knowledge__ Six Flags Great America is a Six Flags amusement park located at Gurnee, Illinois, in the Chicago metropolitan area.", "Six Flags Great America __knowledge__ It first opened in 1976 as Marriott's Great America.", "Six Flags Great America __knowledge__ Six Flags purchased the park from the Marriott Corporation in 1984, making it the seventh park in the chain.", "Six Flags Great America __knowledge__ As of 2016, the park has ten themed sections, a water park, three specially themed children's areas, and various other forms of entertainment.", "Six Flags Great America __knowledge__ The 2016 attendance of the park is estimated to be 2,950,000 million visitors.", "Six Flags Great America __knowledge__ Six Flags Great America is 5th in number of roller coasters at any theme park in the world.", "Six Flags Great America __knowledge__ Marriott Corporation began construction on the park in 1974 and opened it on May 29, 1976, as \"Marriott's Great America\" (a sister park, with almost identical layout and attractions, opened in northern California in Santa Clara the same year)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ American Eagle Outfitters, Inc. is an American clothing and accessories retailer, headquartered in the Southside Works Neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ It was founded in 1977 by brothers Jerry and Mark Silverman as a subsidiary of Retail Ventures, Inc., a company which also owned and operated Silverman's Menswear.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ The Silvermans sold their ownership interests in 1991 to Jacob Price of Knoxville, Tennessee.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ American Eagle Outfitters is also the parent company of Aerie.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ The brand targets male and female college students, although older adults wear the brand, with 949 American Eagle Outfitters stores and 97 stand-alone and 67 side-by-side Aerie stores.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ In 1977, the first American Eagle Outfitters store opened in Twelve Oaks Mall in Novi, Michigan.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ Some of the brand's popular products are jeans (especially the low rise jeans type), polo shirts, graphic T-shirts, sweatpants, henley shirts, vanity boxers, boxer briefs and briefs, outerwear, and swimwear.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ American Eagle's beginning was with the Silverman family, which owned and operated Silvermans Menswear.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ By the mid-1970s, two of the Silverman brothers—from the third generation of Silvermans in the family business—were running the family business.", "Aeropostal Alas de Venezuela __knowledge__ Aeropostal Alas de Venezuela, normally referred to as just \"Aeropostal\", was a state-owned airline of Venezuela based in Torre Polar Oeste in Caracas, Venezuela.", "Aeropostal Alas de Venezuela __knowledge__ It operated domestic services and international services in the Caribbean.", "Aeropostal Alas de Venezuela __knowledge__ Its main base was Simón Bolívar International Airport, Caracas..", "Aeropostal Alas de Venezuela __knowledge__ The airlines ceased operations effective September 24th 2017 after 88 years of service due to its financial position.", "Aeropostal Alas de Venezuela __knowledge__ Venezuela was one of the first South American nations to resort to commercial aviation as an effective means of transportation.", "Aeropostal Alas de Venezuela __knowledge__ In 1929, the French company Aéropostale (known as Lignes Aériennes Latécoère until 1927), then under the leadership of its owner Marcel Bouilloux-Lafont, arrived in Venezuela.", "Aeropostal Alas de Centroamerica __knowledge__ Aeropostal Alas de Centroamerica was a low-cost airline based in San José, Costa Rica.", "Aeropostal Alas de Centroamerica __knowledge__ Its main base was Juan Santamaría International Airport, San José.", "Aeropostal Alas de Centroamerica __knowledge__ The airline was established in 2003 in San José by Aeropostal Alas de Venezuela as Aeropostal Alas de Centroamerica.", "Aeropostal Alas de Centroamerica __knowledge__ It started operations in 2005 and was owned by local investors (76%) and Nelson Ramiz (24%), who was President and Chief Executive of the airline.", "Aeropostal Alas de Centroamerica __knowledge__ It has ceased operations.", "Aeropostal Alas de Centroamerica __knowledge__ The Aeropostal Alas de Centroamerica fleet consisted of the following aircraft (at March 2007):", "History of Cubana de Aviación __knowledge__ Cubana de Aviación S.A is Cuba's largest airline and flag carrier.", "History of Cubana de Aviación __knowledge__ Cubana was established on 8 October 1929 as \"Compañía Nacional Cubana de Aviación Curtiss\", indicating its association with the Curtiss aircraft manufacturing company.", "History of Cubana de Aviación __knowledge__ It was one of the earliest airlines to emerge in Latin America.", "History of Cubana de Aviación __knowledge__ Cubana's predecessors were the \"Compañía Aérea de Cuba\", founded in 1919, and the \"Compañía Aérea Cubana\", founded in 1920 (both airlines flew out of Havana's Columbia Airport, which started operations in 1919).", "History of Cubana de Aviación __knowledge__ Those companies were dissolved soon after they started, however, due to the difficult economic conditions affecting Cuba (and many other nations) in the aftermath of World War I.", "Aeropostal Cargo de México __knowledge__ Aeropostal Cargo de Mexico was a cargo airline based in Mexico City, Mexico, operating on-demand flights within the Americas using leased aircraft.", "Aeropostal Cargo de México __knowledge__ The airline was founded by Cap.", "Aeropostal Cargo de México __knowledge__ Raúl Armando Winder Salazar and started operations in Mexico City on September 6, 2001..", "Aeropostal Cargo de México __knowledge__ In 2010, the airline was shut down.", "Aeropostal Cargo de México __knowledge__ As of March 2010 the Aeropostal Cargo de Mexico fleet consisted of only one Douglas DC-8-63F aircraft.", "Aeropostal Alas de Venezuela Flight 108 __knowledge__ Aeropostal Alas de Venezuela Flight 108 took off from La Chinita International Airport in Maracaibo, Venezuela, on March 5, 1991, on a short-haul flight to Santa Barbara Ed-L Delicias Airport in Venezuela with 45 passengers and crew.", "Aeropostal Alas de Venezuela Flight 108 __knowledge__ Some minutes later the McDonnell Douglas DC-9-32 crashed on the side of a foggy mountain near La Valesa in the La Aguada sector of the Páramo Los Torres and burst into flames.", "Aeropostal Alas de Venezuela Flight 108 __knowledge__ All 45 people on board died.", "Aeropostal Alas de Venezuela Flight 108 __knowledge__ The aircraft used on the 108 flight was a McDonnell Douglas DC-9, which for 1991 had 24 years of service for the company Aeropostal, which bought it from McDonnell Douglas in 1967.", "Linea Aeropostal Venezolana Flight 253 (November 1956) __knowledge__ Linea Aeropostal Flight 253 was being operated by a Lockheed L-749 Constellation, registration YV-C-AMA, on an international scheduled passenger service that took off from Idlewild International Airport bound for Caracas International Airport on November 27, 1956.", "Linea Aeropostal Venezolana Flight 253 (November 1956) __knowledge__ Flight 253, operated by a Constellation, named \"Jose Marti\" being piloted by a French Captain named Marcel Combalbert, crashed into a mountain near Caracas Venezuela.", "Linea Aeropostal Venezolana Flight 253 (November 1956) __knowledge__ All 25 passengers and crew on board were killed.", "Linea Aeropostal Venezolana Flight 253 (November 1956) __knowledge__ Flight 253 was flying through a rainstorm as it approached Caracas Airport.", "Linea Aeropostal Venezolana Flight 253 (November 1956) __knowledge__ It was approximately 18 kilometers from the runway, when the aircraft struck the southern ridge of Cerro El Ávila at 6700 feet altitude.", "Bethel Music discography __knowledge__ The discography of Bethel Music, an American Christian worship collective based in Redding, California, comprises nine live albums, one studio albums, one extended play, one compilation album, two instrumental remix albums, nine singles as well as fifty-six music videos and fifty-one lyric videos.", "Bethel Music discography __knowledge__ Bethel made its debut in 2010 with \"Here Is Love\", their first live album, which also featured Jesus Culture artists, was released alongside Integrity Music.", "Bethel Music discography __knowledge__ They immediately rose to prominence with their second live LP \"Be Lifted High\" in 2011, which contained popular worship anthems such as \"Love Came Down\" and \"One Thing Remains\", and peaked at No.", "Aerie (American Eagle Outfitters) __knowledge__ Aerie, stylized as aerie, is a lingerie retailer and intimate apparel sub-brand owned by American Eagle Outfitters.", "Aerie (American Eagle Outfitters) __knowledge__ The brand targets the American 15- to 25-year-old female demographic.", "Aerie (American Eagle Outfitters) __knowledge__ In addition to lingerie such as a wide variety of bras and other undergarments, the aerie line also sells dormwear, active apparel, loungewear, accessories and sleepwear.", "Aerie (American Eagle Outfitters) __knowledge__ The aerie brand is sold as a shop-in-shop in American Eagle Outfitters stores, on-line through the American Eagle web site, and in stand-alone aerie retail stores.", "Aerie (American Eagle Outfitters) __knowledge__ Additionally, American Eagle Outfitters and aerie merchandise are available at 82 licensed international franchise stores in 13 countries.", "Undergarment __knowledge__ Undergarments are items of clothing worn beneath outer clothes, usually in direct contact with the skin, although they may comprise more than a single layer.", "Undergarment __knowledge__ They serve to keep outer garments from being soiled or damaged by bodily excretions, to lessen the friction of outerwear against the skin, to shape the body, and to provide concealment or support for parts of it.", "Undergarment __knowledge__ In cold weather, long underwear is sometimes worn to provide additional warmth.", "Undergarment __knowledge__ Special types of undergarments have religious significance.", "Undergarment __knowledge__ Some items of clothing are designed as undergarments, while others, such as T-shirts and certain types of shorts, are appropriate both as undergarments and as outer clothing.", "Trousers __knowledge__ Trousers (British English) or pants (American English) are an item of clothing worn from the waist to the ankles, covering both legs separately (rather than with cloth extending across both legs as in robes, skirts, and dresses).", "Trousers __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the word \"pants\" generally means underwear and not trousers.", "Trousers __knowledge__ Shorts are similar to trousers, but with legs that come down only to around the area of the knee, higher or lower depending on the style of the garment.", "Trousers __knowledge__ To distinguish them from shorts, trousers may be called \"long trousers\" in certain contexts such as school uniform, where tailored shorts may be called \"short trousers\", especially in the UK.", "Fraternal Order of Eagles __knowledge__ Fraternal Order of Eagles (F.O.E.)", "Fraternal Order of Eagles __knowledge__ is an international fraternal organization that was founded on February 6, 1898, in Seattle, Washington by a group of six theater owners including John Cort (the first president), brothers John W. and Tim J. Considine, Harry (H.L.)", "Fraternal Order of Eagles __knowledge__ Leavitt (who later joined the Loyal Order of Moose), Mose Goldsmith and Arthur Williams.", "Fraternal Order of Eagles __knowledge__ Originally made up of those engaged in one way or another in the performing arts, the Eagles grew and claimed credit for establishing the Mother's Day holiday in the United States as well as the \"impetus for Social Security\" in the United States.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ Of the thousands of people murdered every year in the United States, some remain unidentified.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ Many victims are not identified for years or even decades after they were killed—as in the case of Tammy Jo Alexander, who was murdered in 1979 and remained unidentified until 2015.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ Including both murder victims and those who died of other causes, about 40,000 bodies remain unidentified in the United States.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ The body of a white female aged thirty-four to thirty-eight was found in Slaughter Creek, near the Sipsey River in Romulus, Tuscaloosa County, Alabama on April 18, 1982.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ The victim had been beaten, strangled and sexually assaulted.", "Whale tail __knowledge__ Whale tail is the Y-shaped waistband of a thong or G-string when visible above the waistline of low-rise jeans, shorts, or a skirt that resembles a whale's tail.", "Whale tail __knowledge__ Intentionally or unintentionally, a whale tail is exposed above the trousers mostly when sitting or bending, or even while standing.", "Whale tail __knowledge__ The frequency or occasion depends on the style of trousers, the style of underwear, and the way they are worn.", "Whale tail __knowledge__ Displaying whale tails became popular in the early 2000s, together with the rise of low-rise jeans and thong underwear.", "Whale tail __knowledge__ The trend, popularized by a number of female celebrities including Christina Aguilera, Victoria Beckham, Mariah Carey, Paris Hilton and Britney Spears, waned within the decade." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ American Eagle Outfitters, Inc. is an American clothing and accessories retailer, headquartered in the Southside Works Neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ It was founded in 1977 by brothers Jerry and Mark Silverman as a subsidiary of Retail Ventures, Inc., a company which also owned and operated Silverman's Menswear.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ The Silvermans sold their ownership interests in 1991 to Jacob Price of Knoxville, Tennessee.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ American Eagle Outfitters is also the parent company of Aerie.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ The brand targets male and female college students, although older adults wear the brand, with 949 American Eagle Outfitters stores and 97 stand-alone and 67 side-by-side Aerie stores.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ In 1977, the first American Eagle Outfitters store opened in Twelve Oaks Mall in Novi, Michigan.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ Some of the brand's popular products are jeans (especially the low rise jeans type), polo shirts, graphic T-shirts, sweatpants, henley shirts, vanity boxers, boxer briefs and briefs, outerwear, and swimwear.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ American Eagle's beginning was with the Silverman family, which owned and operated Silvermans Menswear.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ By the mid-1970s, two of the Silverman brothers—from the third generation of Silvermans in the family business—were running the family business.", "Victoria's Secret __knowledge__ Victoria's Secret is an American designer, manufacturer, and marketer of women's premium lingerie, womenswear, and beauty products.", "Victoria's Secret __knowledge__ It is the largest American retailer of women's lingerie and a subsidiary of L Brands, a publicly traded company.", "Victoria's Secret __knowledge__ In 2016, the company generated revenue of $7.781 billion.", "Victoria's Secret __knowledge__ It was founded in 1977 as a response to packaged underwear which the company's founder considered to be \"ugly floral-print nylon nightgowns\" and was directed towards a male demographic From its founding to the early 1980s, the company grew to 5 stores and a successful catalog.", "Victoria's Secret __knowledge__ By 1990, it had been purchased by L Brands and was geared more towards women and was one of the fastest growing mail businesses.", "House of Gold (film) __knowledge__ House of Gold (released as Family Runs on DVD) is a 2013 Ghanaian Nigerian comedy film, produced by Yvonne Nelson and directed by Pascal Amanfo.", "House of Gold (film) __knowledge__ It stars Majid Michel, Yvonne Nelson, Omawumi Megbele, Mercy Chinwo, Ice Prince Zamani, Eddie Watson and Francis Odega.", "House of Gold (film) __knowledge__ The film narrates the story of a business mogul and a socialite, Dan Ansah Williams who is dying of cancer and has been told that he has six weeks left to live.", "House of Gold (film) __knowledge__ He makes a decision with the help of his attorney to call all his children back home, most of whom were born out of wedlock and various illicit affairs.", "House of Gold (film) __knowledge__ The re-union spins a lot of surprises as each child returns with an agenda, which gives hilarious results.", "Legends Football League __knowledge__ The Legends Football League (LFL) is a women's 7-on-7 tackle American football league, with games played in the spring and summer at NBA, NFL, NHL and MLS arenas and stadiums.", "Legends Football League __knowledge__ The league was founded in 2009 as the Lingerie Football League and was rebranded as the Legends Football League in 2013.", "Legends Football League __knowledge__ The league's administrative offices are located in Los Angeles.", "Legends Football League __knowledge__ The concept of the LFL originated from an alternative Super Bowl halftime television special called the Lingerie Bowl, a pay-per-view event broadcast opposite the Super Bowl halftime show.", "Legends Football League __knowledge__ The first three Lingerie Bowls were held annually from 2004 to 2006 and were billed as Lingerie Bowls I, II, and III.", "Legends Cup (LFL) __knowledge__ The Legends Cup, formerly known as the Lingerie Bowl, is the championship game of the Legends Football League (formerly Lingerie Football League).", "Legends Cup (LFL) __knowledge__ It features a game of full-contact American football with female athletes playing seven-on-seven tackle football.", "Legends Cup (LFL) __knowledge__ The players in the game wear helmets, shoulder pads, elbow pads, knee pads, bras and underwear.", "Legends Cup (LFL) __knowledge__ Originally played as an annual Super Bowl halftime alternative shown on pay-per-view TV, Lingerie Bowl I aired during Super Bowl XXXVIII in 2004 with Team Euphoria losing to the Team Dream by a score of 6-0.", "Legends Cup (LFL) __knowledge__ Two more games were subsequently played (Lingerie Bowl II in 2005 and Lingerie Bowl III in 2006) however the next three (Lingerie Bowl IV (2007), Lingerie Bowl V (2008) and Lingerie Bowl VI (2009)) were for various reasons cancelled.", "Lingerie __knowledge__ Lingerie () is a category of women's clothing including at least undergarments, sleepwear and lightweight robes.", "Lingerie __knowledge__ The specific choice of the word often is motivated by an intention to imply the garments are alluring, fashionable or both.", "Lingerie __knowledge__ Lingerie is made of lightweight, stretchy, smooth, sheer or decorative fabrics such as silk, satin, Lycra, charmeuse, chiffon or (especially and traditionally) lace.", "Lingerie __knowledge__ These fabrics can be made of natural fibres like silk or cotton or of synthetic fibres like polyester or nylon.", "Lingerie __knowledge__ The word \"lingerie\" is a word taken directly from the French language, meaning undergarments, and used exclusively for more lightweight items of female undergarments.", "Harlette __knowledge__ Harlette De Falaise (born 17 July 1975) is an Australian and British designer, media personality and entrepreneur, best known for her work in Britain and Saudi Arabia.", "Harlette __knowledge__ Harlette was born to British parents in Sydney, New South Wales, and grew up in the small beach community of Little Manly.", "Harlette __knowledge__ Harlette was awarded a scholarship for highest academic achievement and started university at age 16.", "Harlette __knowledge__ She graduated from Bond University with an MBA and a Bachelor of Information Technology.", "Harlette __knowledge__ At the age of 30, she moved to London, where she gained contract roles at investment banks including Merrill Lynch and Morgan Stanley.", "In Lingerie __knowledge__ In Lingerie (foaled in April 2009 in Kentucky) is an American Thoroughbred racehorse.", "In Lingerie __knowledge__ She won three of her first four outings.", "In Lingerie __knowledge__ The daughter of Empire Maker is known for posting a 1-1/2 length score over her stablemate Disposablepleasure in the mile and an eighth Grade II $300,000 Black-Eyed Susan Stakes at Pimlico Race Course on May 18, 2012.", "In Lingerie __knowledge__ Trained by Todd Pletcher, In Lingerie did not race as a two-year-old.", "In Lingerie __knowledge__ When she hit the track in mid-January 2012, she won her debut in a maiden special weight race at Turfway Park at six furlongs on synthetic surface.", "In Lingerie __knowledge__ In her second start, she came in a close second in an optional claimer on the Gulfstream Park dirt in late February.", "Aerie (American Eagle Outfitters) __knowledge__ Aerie, stylized as aerie, is a lingerie retailer and intimate apparel sub-brand owned by American Eagle Outfitters.", "Aerie (American Eagle Outfitters) __knowledge__ The brand targets the American 15- to 25-year-old female demographic.", "Aerie (American Eagle Outfitters) __knowledge__ In addition to lingerie such as a wide variety of bras and other undergarments, the aerie line also sells dormwear, active apparel, loungewear, accessories and sleepwear.", "Aerie (American Eagle Outfitters) __knowledge__ The aerie brand is sold as a shop-in-shop in American Eagle Outfitters stores, on-line through the American Eagle web site, and in stand-alone aerie retail stores.", "Aerie (American Eagle Outfitters) __knowledge__ Additionally, American Eagle Outfitters and aerie merchandise are available at 82 licensed international franchise stores in 13 countries.", "Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province __knowledge__ Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province (, \"Ostān-e Chahār-Mahāl-o Bakhtiyārī\" ) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran.", "Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province __knowledge__ It lies in the southwestern part of the country.", "Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province __knowledge__ Its capital is Shahr-e Kord.", "Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province __knowledge__ The province was put as part of Region 2 upon the division of the provinces into 5 regions solely for coordination and development purposes on June 22, 2014.", "Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province __knowledge__ It has an area of 16,332 square kilometers, and had a population of 895,263 in 2011.", "Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province __knowledge__ The history of the province is tied to that of the Bakhtiari tribe.", "Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province __knowledge__ The Bakhtiari tribe can be divided into two sub-tribes, \"Haft Lang\" and \"Chahar Lang\" with various territorial affiliations and they are the main speakers of Lurish language.", "Stuff Like That There (album) __knowledge__ Stuff Like That There is the fourteenth full-length album by American indie rock band Yo La Tengo, released in August 2015 by record label Matador.", "Stuff Like That There (album) __knowledge__ On this album, the band revisits the original concept of their 1990 album \"Fakebook\" with a mix of cover songs, \"covers\" of Yo La Tengo songs and brand new originals.", "Stuff Like That There (album) __knowledge__ At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, \"Stuff Like That There\" received an average score of 74, based on 28 reviews, indicating \"generally favorable reviews\".", "Stuff Like That There (album) __knowledge__ Reviewer Mark Deming of AllMusic commented that \"If \"Stuff Like That There\" isn't as revelatory as \"Fakebook\", it's a splendid, beguiling album that's perfectly suited for late nights and rainy afternoons, and a welcome reminder of one of the many, many things Yo La Tengo do so well.\"", "Justin Broadrick __knowledge__ Justin Karl Michael Broadrick (born 15 August 1969 in Birmingham, England) is a British singer, songwriter, guitarist and drummer.", "Justin Broadrick __knowledge__ He was briefly in the English grindcore band Napalm Death when he was a teenager in the mid-1980s, writing and recording guitar for Side One of the Napalm Death's debut album, \"Scum\".", "Justin Broadrick __knowledge__ He is best known as a founding member of the band Godflesh, one of the first bands to combine elements of extreme metal and industrial music.", "Justin Broadrick __knowledge__ Broadrick has also maintained a parallel career as a producer, producing records and remixes for groups such as Pantera, Isis, Mogwai, and Hydra Head labelmates Pelican.", "Fraternal Order of Eagles __knowledge__ Fraternal Order of Eagles (F.O.E.)", "Fraternal Order of Eagles __knowledge__ is an international fraternal organization that was founded on February 6, 1898, in Seattle, Washington by a group of six theater owners including John Cort (the first president), brothers John W. and Tim J. Considine, Harry (H.L.)", "Fraternal Order of Eagles __knowledge__ Leavitt (who later joined the Loyal Order of Moose), Mose Goldsmith and Arthur Williams.", "Fraternal Order of Eagles __knowledge__ Originally made up of those engaged in one way or another in the performing arts, the Eagles grew and claimed credit for establishing the Mother's Day holiday in the United States as well as the \"impetus for Social Security\" in the United States." ] ]

[ 1, 4, 46, 12 ]

[ "I used to work at American Eagle. I helped sell American clothing and accessories, it was really cool.", "It is overpriced, but their jeans and their undergarments for Aerie are really good quality", "I think it is also very expensive there. Do they sell stuff like lingerie, loungewear and stuff like Aerie?", "I think that's where Victoria's Secret comes in. In 2016 they made 7 billion dollars, it was crazy." ]

[ "American Eagle Outfitters", "American Eagle Outfitters", "American Eagle Outfitters", "American Eagle Outfitters" ]

[ "Hiking\nI really enjoy hiking in the outdoors! Do yo hike?", "Interesting! I had never heard of that before! It must be beautiful hiking in New Zealand! Do you need special hiking shoes?", "Oh, I didn't realize there was a difference. What is the difference between trakking and hiking?", "I see. Trekking would be for more serious and advanced hikers than , right?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hiking __knowledge__ Hiking is the preferred term, in Canada and the United States, for a long, vigorous walk, usually on trails (footpaths), in the countryside, while the word walking is used for shorter, particularly urban walks.", "Hiking __knowledge__ On the other hand, in the United Kingdom, and the Republic of Ireland, the word \"walking\" is acceptable to describe \"all forms\" of walking, whether it is a walk in the park or backpacking in the Alps.", "Hiking __knowledge__ The word hiking is also often used in the UK, along with rambling (a slightly old-fashioned term), hillwalking, and fell walking (a term mostly used for hillwalking in northern England).", "Hiking __knowledge__ The term bushwalking is endemic to Australia, having been adopted by the Sydney Bush Walkers club in 1927.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In New Zealand a long, vigorous walk or hike is called tramping.", "Hiking __knowledge__ It is a popular activity with numerous worldwide, and studies suggest that all forms of walking have health benefits.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In the United States, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, and United Kingdom, hiking means walking outdoors on a trail, or off trail, for recreational purposes.", "Hiking __knowledge__ A day hike refers to a hike that can be completed in a single day.", "Hiking __knowledge__ However, in the United Kingdom, the word walking is also used, as well as rambling, while walking in mountainous areas is called hillwalking.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The Appalachian National Scenic Trail, generally known as the Appalachian Trail or simply the A.T., is a marked hiking trail in the Eastern United States extending between Springer Mountain in Georgia and Mount Katahdin in Maine.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The trail is estimated around 2,200 miles (3,500 km) long, though the exact length changes over time as parts are modified or rerouted.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The Appalachian Trail Conservancy claims that the Appalachian Trail is the longest hiking-only trail in the world.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ More than 2 million people are said to take a hike on part of the trail at least once each year.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The idea of the Appalachian Trail came about in 1921.", "Pacific Crest Trail __knowledge__ The Pacific Crest Trail (commonly abbreviated as the PCT, and officially designated as the Pacific Crest National Scenic Trail) is a long-distance hiking and equestrian trail closely aligned with the highest portion of the Sierra Nevada and Cascade mountain ranges, which lie east of the U.S. Pacific coast.", "Pacific Crest Trail __knowledge__ The trail's southern terminus is on the U.S. border with Mexico, just south of Campo, California, and its northern terminus on the Canada–US border on the edge of Manning Park in British Columbia; its corridor through the U.S. is in the states of California, Oregon, and Washington.", "Pacific Crest Trail __knowledge__ The Pacific Crest Trail is long and ranges in elevation from just above sea level at the Oregon–Washington border to at Forester Pass in the Sierra Nevada.", "Scott Williamson (hiker) __knowledge__ Scott Williamson is an American thru-hiker, most noted for being the first person to complete a continuous one-season round trip of the Pacific Crest Trail (PCT).", "Scott Williamson (hiker) __knowledge__ He is also noted for his speed records for hiking the PCT.", "Scott Williamson (hiker) __knowledge__ In 1995, Williamson completed the hiking “Triple Crown”, a coveted achievement among thru-hiker community.", "Scott Williamson (hiker) __knowledge__ The “Triple Crown” consists of thru-hiking the \"Big 3\" National Scenic Trails: The Pacific Crest Trail (PCT), the Continental Divide Trail (CDT), and the Appalachian Trail (AT).", "Scott Williamson (hiker) __knowledge__ Williamson completed the PCT in 1993 by using a lightweight style of hiking, with a pack base weight of .", "Long Path __knowledge__ The Long Path is a long-distance hiking trail beginning at the George Washington Bridge in Fort Lee, New Jersey and ending at Altamont, New York, in the Albany area.", "Long Path __knowledge__ While not yet a continuous trail, relying on road walks in some areas, it nevertheless takes in many of the popular hiking attractions west of the Hudson River, such as the New Jersey Palisades, Harriman State Park, the Shawangunk Ridge and the Catskill Mountains.", "Long Path __knowledge__ It offers hikers a diversity of environments to pass through, from suburbia and sea-level salt marshes along the Hudson to wilderness and boreal forest on Catskill summits in elevation.", "Yo-yo __knowledge__ Yo-yo (also spelled yoyo) is a toy consisting of an axle connected to two disks, and a string looped around the axle.", "Yo-yo __knowledge__ It has some similarities to a slender spool.", "Yo-yo __knowledge__ Yo-yo is played by holding the free end of the string known as the handle (by inserting one fingerusually the middle or index fingerinto a slip knot) allowing gravity (or the force of a throw and gravity) to spin the yo-yo and unwind the string (similar to how a pullstring works).", "Yo-yo __knowledge__ The player then allows the yo-yo to wind itself back to the player's hand, exploiting its spin (and the associated rotational energy).", "Yo-yo __knowledge__ This is often called \"yo-yoing\".", "Thru-hiking __knowledge__ Thru-hiking, or through-hiking, is hiking a long-distance trail end-to-end within one hiking season.", "Thru-hiking __knowledge__ In United States, the term is most commonly associated with the Appalachian Trail (AT), the Pacific Crest Trail (PCT), and the Continental Divide Trail (CDT), but also refers to other end-to-end hikes.", "Thru-hiking __knowledge__ Other examples include the Te Araroa Trail in New Zealand, the Camino de Santiago in Spain, the Via Francigena in France and Italy, the Lycian Way in Turkey, the Israel National Trail, and the Great Divide Trail (GDT) in Canada.", "Thru-hiking __knowledge__ Thru-hiking is also called \"end-to-end hiking\" or \"end-to-ending\" on some trails, like Vermont's Long Trail or New York's Long Path and Northville–Placid Trail." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hiking __knowledge__ Hiking is the preferred term, in Canada and the United States, for a long, vigorous walk, usually on trails (footpaths), in the countryside, while the word walking is used for shorter, particularly urban walks.", "Hiking __knowledge__ On the other hand, in the United Kingdom, and the Republic of Ireland, the word \"walking\" is acceptable to describe \"all forms\" of walking, whether it is a walk in the park or backpacking in the Alps.", "Hiking __knowledge__ The word hiking is also often used in the UK, along with rambling (a slightly old-fashioned term), hillwalking, and fell walking (a term mostly used for hillwalking in northern England).", "Hiking __knowledge__ The term bushwalking is endemic to Australia, having been adopted by the Sydney Bush Walkers club in 1927.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In New Zealand a long, vigorous walk or hike is called tramping.", "Hiking __knowledge__ It is a popular activity with numerous worldwide, and studies suggest that all forms of walking have health benefits.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In the United States, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, and United Kingdom, hiking means walking outdoors on a trail, or off trail, for recreational purposes.", "Hiking __knowledge__ A day hike refers to a hike that can be completed in a single day.", "Hiking __knowledge__ However, in the United Kingdom, the word walking is also used, as well as rambling, while walking in mountainous areas is called hillwalking.", "List of mountaineering equipment brands __knowledge__ CB = Carabiner, CP = Crampons, GL = Gloves, HL = Headlamp (headtorch), HM = Helmet, HS = Hiking shoes, IA = Ice axe, MB = Mountaineering boots, MT = Multi-tool, OW = Outerwear, PS = Portable stove, PT = Piton, RP = Rope, RS = Rucksack, SB = Sleeping Bag, SM = Sleeping Mattress, SS = Snowshoes, TE = Tent, TP = Trekking pole, WT = Watch CB = Carabiner, CP = Crampons, GL = Gloves, HL = Headlamp (headtorch), HM = Helmet, HS = Hiking shoes, IA = Ice axe, OW = Outerwear, MT = Multi-tool MB = Mountaineering boots, PS = Portable stove, PT = Piton, RP = Rope, RS = Rucksack, SB = Sleeping Bag, TE = Tent, TP = Trekking pole \"Defunct\" CB = Carabiner, CP = Crampons, GL = Gloves, HL = Headlamp (headtorch), HM = Helmet, HS = Hiking shoes, IA = Ice axe, OW = Outerwear, MT = Multi-tool MB = Mountaineering boots, PS = Portable stove, PT = Piton, RP = Rope, RS = Rucksack, SB = Sleeping Bag, TE = Tent, TP = Trekking pole \"Defunct\" CB = Carabiner, CP = Crampons, GL = Gloves, HL = Headlamp, HM = Helmet, HS = Hiking Shoes, IA = Ice Axe MB = Mountaineering Boots, PS = Portable stove, PT = Piton, RP = Rope, RS = Rucksack, SB = Sleeping Bag, TE = Tent, TP = Trekking pole", "Hiking equipment __knowledge__ Hiking equipment is the equipment taken on outdoor walking trips.", "Hiking equipment __knowledge__ Hiking is usually divided into day-hikes and multiple-day hikes, called backpacking, trekking, and walking tours.", "Hiking equipment __knowledge__ The equipment selected varies according to the duration, distance, planned activities, and the environment.", "Hiking equipment __knowledge__ Additional factors include weight and preparedness for unplanned events.", "Hiking equipment __knowledge__ The level of preparedness can relate to remoteness and potential hazards; for example, a short day hike across farmland or trekking in the Himalayas.", "Hiking equipment __knowledge__ The length and duration of a walk can influence the amount of weight carried.", "Hiking equipment __knowledge__ The nature of a hike is both by the natural environment and the applicable government regulations and hikers plan accordingly when considering equipment.", "Barefoot __knowledge__ Barefoot is the most common term for the state of not wearing any footwear.", "Barefoot __knowledge__ Wearing footwear is an exclusively human characteristic, however some animals held by humans are also issued with footwear, such as horses and, more rarely dogs and cats.", "Barefoot __knowledge__ There are health benefits and some risks associated with going barefoot.", "Barefoot __knowledge__ Footwear provides protection from cuts, abrasions, bruises, and impacts from objects on the ground or the ground texture itself, as well as from frost or heat burns, and parasites like hookworm in extreme situations.", "Barefoot __knowledge__ However, shoes can limit the flexibility, strength, and mobility of the foot and can lead to higher incidences of flexible flat foot, bunions, hammer toe, and Morton's neuroma.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas traditions vary from country to country.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas celebrations for many nations include the installing and lighting of Christmas trees, the hanging of Advent wreaths, Christmas stockings, candy canes, and the creation of Nativity scenes depicting the birth of Jesus Christ.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas carols may be sung and stories told about such figures as the Baby Jesus, St Nicholas, Santa Claus, Father Christmas, Christkind or Grandfather Frost.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ The sending and exchange of Christmas card greetings, observance of fasting and special religious observances such as a midnight Mass or Vespers on Christmas Eve, the burning of a Yule log, and the giving and receiving of presents.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "Shoe __knowledge__ A shoe is an item of footwear intended to protect and comfort the human foot while the wearer is doing various activities.", "Shoe __knowledge__ Shoes are also used as an item of decoration and fashion.", "Shoe __knowledge__ The design of shoes has varied enormously through time and from culture to culture, with appearance originally being tied to function.", "Shoe __knowledge__ Additionally, fashion has often dictated many design elements, such as whether shoes have very high heels or flat ones.", "Shoe __knowledge__ Contemporary footwear in the 2010s varies widely in style, complexity and cost.", "Shoe __knowledge__ Basic sandals may consist of only a thin sole and simple strap and be sold for a low cost.", "Climbing shoe __knowledge__ A climbing shoe is a specialized type of footwear designed for rock climbing.", "Climbing shoe __knowledge__ Typical climbing shoes have a close fit, little if any padding, and a smooth, sticky rubber sole with an extended rubber .", "Climbing shoe __knowledge__ Unsuited to walking and hiking, climbing shoes are typically donned at the base of a climb.", "Climbing shoe __knowledge__ Modern climbing shoes use carefully crafted multi-piece patterns to conform very closely to the wearer's feet.", "Climbing shoe __knowledge__ Leather is the most common upper material, with other materials such as fabric and synthetic leather also employed.", "Climbing shoe __knowledge__ The climbing rubber used for soles was developed specifically for rock-climbing.", "Climbing shoe __knowledge__ Climbing shoes manufactured with a downward pointing toe box increase the ability to stand on small holds and pockets at the expense of both comfort and the ability to smear.", "H. W. Gretton __knowledge__ H. W. (Harold William) Gretton (16 March 1914 – 1983) was a New Zealand poet, lyricist, writer, teacher, journalist, linguist, diarist and Second World War soldier.", "H. W. Gretton __knowledge__ In New Zealand, Gretton's tramping songs (popular between the 1950s and 1970s) are still well known today.", "H. W. Gretton __knowledge__ His Second World War diary is also of note for its social history of military life, along with his soldier's poem 'Koru and Acanthus'.", "H. W. Gretton __knowledge__ Gretton grew up near Palmerston North on a dairy farm in Linton.", "H. W. Gretton __knowledge__ He was the son of the farmer Thomas Henry Gretton and Margaret Gretton (née Geddes).", "H. W. Gretton __knowledge__ He attended Palmerston North Boys' High School and after Victoria College (1935–38).", "Tramping in New Zealand __knowledge__ Tramping, known elsewhere as backpacking, rambling, hill walking or bushwalking, is a popular activity in New Zealand.", "Tramping in New Zealand __knowledge__ Tramping is defined as a recreational activity involving walking over rough country.", "Tramping in New Zealand __knowledge__ Trampers often carry a backpack and wet-weather gear, and may also carry equipment for cooking and sleeping.", "Tramping in New Zealand __knowledge__ Alpine climbing has been a recreational activity from the early days of European settlement, and possibly earlier.", "Tramping in New Zealand __knowledge__ From the 1950s tracks, huts and bridges were built in the forested areas of New Zealand to support hunters culling introduced deer species which had become a threat to the biodiversity of New Zealand.", "Czech tramping __knowledge__ Tramping (in Czech and Slovak language) is a movement incorporating woodcraft, hiking/backpacking/camping and scouting, with a characteristic flavour of and styled on American culture, especially the Wild West.", "Czech tramping __knowledge__ The latter is particularly noticeable in the tramping song, a song and musical style associated with tramping.", "Czech tramping __knowledge__ Tramping originated in Czechoslovakia in the beginning of the 20th century and is still present in today's Czech Republic and to a lesser degree in Slovakia.", "Czech tramping __knowledge__ It manifests itself in a distinctive style of clothing, hiking culture and tramping music.", "Czech tramping __knowledge__ For the urban youth it was a specific form of a \"return to the nature\".", "Canterbury University Tramping Club __knowledge__ The Canterbury University Tramping Club (CUTC) is one of the largest sports clubs at the University of Canterbury.", "Canterbury University Tramping Club __knowledge__ It was formed for the pursuit of outdoor activities, mainly tramping, mountaineering and climbing.", "Canterbury University Tramping Club __knowledge__ Club members also go mountain biking, kayaking and skiing.", "Canterbury University Tramping Club __knowledge__ Most members are students, staff or recent graduates of the University of Canterbury in Christchurch, New Zealand.", "Canterbury University Tramping Club __knowledge__ The club has weekly meetings during term time, and multiple trips going away most weekends.", "Canterbury University Tramping Club __knowledge__ The club dates back to before 1934, first being known as the 'Canterbury College Tramping Club', then later 'Canterbury University College Tramping Club' and finally 'Canterbury University Tramping Club'.", "South Island __knowledge__ The South Island or Te Waipounamu (in Māori) is the larger of the two major islands of New Zealand, the other being the smaller but more populous North Island.", "South Island __knowledge__ It is bordered to the north by Cook Strait, to the west by the Tasman Sea, and to the south and east by the Pacific Ocean.", "South Island __knowledge__ The South Island covers , making it the world's 12th-largest island.", "South Island __knowledge__ It has a temperate climate.", "South Island __knowledge__ It has a 32 percent larger landmass than the North Island so is sometimes referred to as the \"mainland\" of New Zealand, especially by South Island residents, but only 23 percent of New Zealand's million inhabitants live there.", "Aoraki/Mount Cook National Park __knowledge__ Aoraki/Mount Cook National Park is in the South Island of New Zealand, near the town of Twizel.", "Aoraki/Mount Cook National Park __knowledge__ Aoraki / Mount Cook, New Zealand's highest mountain, and Aoraki/Mount Cook Village lie within the park.", "Aoraki/Mount Cook National Park __knowledge__ The area was gazetted as a national park in October 1953 and consists of reserves that were established as early as 1887 to protect the area's significant vegetation and landscape.", "Aoraki/Mount Cook National Park __knowledge__ Even though most of the park is alpine terrain, it is easily accessible.", "Aoraki/Mount Cook National Park __knowledge__ The only road access into Aoraki/Mount Cook National Park is via State Highway 80, which starts near Twizel, at distance the closest town to the park, and leads directly to Mount Cook Village, where the road ends." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hiking __knowledge__ Hiking is the preferred term, in Canada and the United States, for a long, vigorous walk, usually on trails (footpaths), in the countryside, while the word walking is used for shorter, particularly urban walks.", "Hiking __knowledge__ On the other hand, in the United Kingdom, and the Republic of Ireland, the word \"walking\" is acceptable to describe \"all forms\" of walking, whether it is a walk in the park or backpacking in the Alps.", "Hiking __knowledge__ The word hiking is also often used in the UK, along with rambling (a slightly old-fashioned term), hillwalking, and fell walking (a term mostly used for hillwalking in northern England).", "Hiking __knowledge__ The term bushwalking is endemic to Australia, having been adopted by the Sydney Bush Walkers club in 1927.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In New Zealand a long, vigorous walk or hike is called tramping.", "Hiking __knowledge__ It is a popular activity with numerous worldwide, and studies suggest that all forms of walking have health benefits.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In the United States, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, and United Kingdom, hiking means walking outdoors on a trail, or off trail, for recreational purposes.", "Hiking __knowledge__ A day hike refers to a hike that can be completed in a single day.", "Hiking __knowledge__ However, in the United Kingdom, the word walking is also used, as well as rambling, while walking in mountainous areas is called hillwalking.", "The Dictionary of Disgusting Facts __knowledge__ The Dictionary of Disgusting Facts is a 1986 book by Alan Williams and Maggie Noach.", "The Dictionary of Disgusting Facts __knowledge__ This cult oddity is a collection of often disgusting anecdotes and definitions.", "The Dictionary of Disgusting Facts __knowledge__ The foreword is by Barry Humphries' alter ego Sir Les Patterson.", "The Dictionary of Disgusting Facts __knowledge__ One entry defines a \"sootikin\" as a small mouse-shaped deposit formed in the vaginal cleft of poor women who did not wear undergarments - common until the 19th century.", "The Dictionary of Disgusting Facts __knowledge__ A sootikin built up over several weeks, even months, of not washing.", "The Dictionary of Disgusting Facts __knowledge__ It was composed of particles of soot, dirt, sweat, smegma and vaginal and menstrual discharge.", "The Dictionary of Disgusting Facts __knowledge__ When it reached a certain size and weight, it tended to work loose and drop from under the woman's skirt.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The Bell OH-58 Kiowa is a family of single-engine, single-rotor, military helicopters used for observation, utility, and direct fire support.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ Bell Helicopter manufactured the OH-58 for the United States Army based on its Model 206A JetRanger helicopter.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The OH-58 was in continuous U.S. Army service from 1969 to 2017, when it was retired and replaced in this role by the Boeing AH-64 Apache.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The latest model, the \"OH-58D Kiowa Warrior\", is primarily operated in an armed reconnaissance role in support of ground troops.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The OH-58 has been exported to Austria, Canada, Croatia, the Dominican Republic, Taiwan, Saudi Arabia, and Greece.", "Cristina Yang __knowledge__ Cristina Yang, M.D., Ph.D., is a fictional character from the medical drama television series \"Grey's Anatomy\", which has aired for over 13 years on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) in the United States.", "Cristina Yang __knowledge__ The character was created by series producer Shonda Rhimes, and is portrayed by actress Sandra Oh.", "Cristina Yang __knowledge__ Introduced as a surgical intern at the fictional Seattle Grace Hospital, Yang worked her way up to resident level, eventually becoming a cardiothoracic surgical fellow, while her relationships with colleagues Meredith Grey (Ellen Pompeo), George O'Malley (T. R. Knight), Izzie Stevens (Katherine Heigl), and Alex Karev (Justin Chambers) formed a focal point of the series.", "Acid dissociation constant __knowledge__ An acid dissociation constant, \"K\", (also known as acidity constant, or acid-ionization constant) is a quantitative measure of the strength of an acid in solution.", "Acid dissociation constant __knowledge__ It is the equilibrium constant for a chemical reaction known as dissociation in the context of acid–base reactions.", "Acid dissociation constant __knowledge__ In aqueous solution, the equilibrium of acid dissociation can be written symbolically as: where HA is a generic acid that dissociates into A, known as the conjugate base of the acid and a hydrogen ion which combines with a water molecule to make a hydronium ion.", "Acid dissociation constant __knowledge__ In the example shown in the figure, HA represents acetic acid, and A represents the acetate ion, the conjugate base.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ Hydroxide is a diatomic anion with chemical formula OH.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ It consists of an oxygen and hydrogen atom held together by a covalent bond, and carries a negative electric charge.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ It is an important but usually minor constituent of water.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ It functions as a base, a ligand, a nucleophile and a catalyst.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ The hydroxide ion forms salts, some of which dissociate in aqueous solution, liberating solvated hydroxide ions.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ Sodium hydroxide is a multi-million-ton per annum commodity chemical.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ A hydroxide attached to a strongly electropositive center may itself ionize, liberating a hydrogen cation (H), making the parent compound an acid.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! Trading Card Game __knowledge__ The \"Yu-Gi-Oh!\"", "Yu-Gi-Oh! Trading Card Game __knowledge__ Trading Card Game, known as the in Asia, is a Japanese collectible card game developed and published by Konami.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! Trading Card Game __knowledge__ It is based on the fictional game of Duel Monsters created by manga artist Kazuki Takahashi, which is the main plot device during the majority of his popular manga franchise, \"Yu-Gi-Oh!", "Yu-Gi-Oh! Trading Card Game __knowledge__ \", and its various anime adaptations and spinoff series.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! Trading Card Game __knowledge__ The game was launched by Konami in 1999.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! Trading Card Game __knowledge__ It was named the top selling trading card game in the world by Guinness World Records on July 7, 2009, having sold over 22 billion cards worldwide.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! Trading Card Game __knowledge__ As of March 31, 2011, Konami Digital Entertainment Co., Ltd. Japan has sold over 25 billion cards globally since 1999.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! Duel Monsters __knowledge__ Yu-Gi-Oh!, known in Japan as , is a Japanese anime series animated by Studio Gallop, based on the \"Yu-Gi-Oh!\"", "Yu-Gi-Oh! Duel Monsters __knowledge__ manga series written by Kazuki Takahashi.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! Duel Monsters __knowledge__ It is the second anime adaptation of the manga following the 1998 anime television series produced by Toei Animation, and begins from the Duelist Kingdom arc.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! Duel Monsters __knowledge__ Like the manga and the first anime series, this series revolves around a boy named Yugi Mutou who battles opponents in various games; in this version, the main game played is the \"Duel Monsters\" card game.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! Duel Monsters __knowledge__ The series originally aired in Japan on TV Tokyo from April 2000 to September 2004, running for 224 episodes.", "Hiking equipment __knowledge__ Hiking equipment is the equipment taken on outdoor walking trips.", "Hiking equipment __knowledge__ Hiking is usually divided into day-hikes and multiple-day hikes, called backpacking, trekking, and walking tours.", "Hiking equipment __knowledge__ The equipment selected varies according to the duration, distance, planned activities, and the environment.", "Hiking equipment __knowledge__ Additional factors include weight and preparedness for unplanned events.", "Hiking equipment __knowledge__ The level of preparedness can relate to remoteness and potential hazards; for example, a short day hike across farmland or trekking in the Himalayas.", "Hiking equipment __knowledge__ The length and duration of a walk can influence the amount of weight carried.", "Hiking equipment __knowledge__ The nature of a hike is both by the natural environment and the applicable government regulations and hikers plan accordingly when considering equipment.", "Philmont Scout Ranch __knowledge__ Philmont Scout Ranch is a large, rugged, mountainous ranch located near the town of Cimarron, New Mexico, covering 140,177 acres (219 sq mi; 567 km²) of wilderness in the Sangre de Cristo Mountains of the Rocky Mountains of northern New Mexico.", "Philmont Scout Ranch __knowledge__ The ranch, formerly the property of oil baron Waite Phillips and now that of the Boy Scouts of America, is a National High Adventure Base in which crews of Scouts and Venturers take part in backpacking expeditions and other outdoor activities.", "Philmont Scout Ranch __knowledge__ It is the one of the largest youth camps in the world in land area.", "Philmont Scout Ranch __knowledge__ Between June 8 and August 22 around 22,000 Scouts and adult leaders backpack across the Ranch's extensive backcountry while over 1,130 seasonal staff personnel maintain the Ranch's summer operations.", "Red Bull X-Alps __knowledge__ The Red Bull X-Alps is a paragliding race in which athletes must hike or fly 1,000 km across the Alps.", "Red Bull X-Alps __knowledge__ It first launched in 2003 and has since taken place every other year.", "Red Bull X-Alps __knowledge__ Around 30 athletes take part and must navigate their way via a predetermined set of turnpoints that vary with each race.", "Red Bull X-Alps __knowledge__ Every kilometer must be covered either on foot or by paraglider.", "Red Bull X-Alps __knowledge__ Teams consist of one athlete and one official supporter, whose role it is to provide technical advice, mental and nutritional support.", "Red Bull X-Alps __knowledge__ The route traditionally covers the Alpine regions of Austria, Germany, Italy, Switzerland and France before ending in Roquebrune-Cap-Martin, France.", "Robert Stone (trail guide writer) __knowledge__ Robert Paul Stone (born March 10, 1951) is the author, photographer, and publisher of the trail guide series Day Hike Books.", "Robert Stone (trail guide writer) __knowledge__ Since 1991, Stone has hiked every trail in the Day Hike Book series, covering thousands of miles of trails throughout the western United States and Hawaii.", "Robert Stone (trail guide writer) __knowledge__ He has self-published more than 30 hiking guides in the series, many of them in their third, fourth, fifth, or sixth editions.", "Robert Stone (trail guide writer) __knowledge__ He is a bestselling and multiple award-winning author.", "Robert Stone (trail guide writer) __knowledge__ Stone summers in the Rocky Mountains of Montana and winters on the California Central Coast.", "Robert Stone (trail guide writer) __knowledge__ Stone was born in Los Angeles in 1951.", "Robert Stone (trail guide writer) __knowledge__ In 1981, he relocated to Red Lodge, Montana, where he started his own real estate business.", "Choquequirao __knowledge__ Choquequirao (possibly from Quechua \"chuqi\" metal, \"k'iraw\" crib, cot) is an Incan site in south Peru, similar in structure and architecture to Machu Picchu.", "Choquequirao __knowledge__ The ruins are buildings and terraces at levels above and below Sunch'u Pata, the truncated hill top.", "Choquequirao __knowledge__ The hilltop was anciently leveled and ringed with stones to create a 30 by 50 m platform.", "Choquequirao __knowledge__ Choquequirao at an elevation of ) is in the spurs of the Vilcabamba mountain range in the Santa Teresa district, La Convención Province of the Cusco Region.", "Choquequirao __knowledge__ The complex is 1,800 hectares, of which 30–40% is excavated.", "Choquequirao __knowledge__ The site overlooks the Apurimac River canyon which has an elevation of .", "Hike Messenger __knowledge__ Hike Messenger (stylized as hike M E S S E N G E R) is a cross-platform instant messaging service for smartphones that use the internet for communication.", "Hike Messenger __knowledge__ In addition to text messaging, users can send each other graphical stickers, emoticons, images, videos, audios, files, voice messages, contacts and user location.", "Hike Messenger __knowledge__ Hike was launched on 12 December 2012 and raised its first round of funding of $7 million from Bharti SoftBank in April 2013.", "Hike Messenger __knowledge__ Hike is a joint venture between Bharti Enterprises and SoftBank.", "Hike Messenger __knowledge__ On 16 August 2016 Hike raised $175 million in a new round of funding led by Tencent & Foxconn." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hiking __knowledge__ Hiking is the preferred term, in Canada and the United States, for a long, vigorous walk, usually on trails (footpaths), in the countryside, while the word walking is used for shorter, particularly urban walks.", "Hiking __knowledge__ On the other hand, in the United Kingdom, and the Republic of Ireland, the word \"walking\" is acceptable to describe \"all forms\" of walking, whether it is a walk in the park or backpacking in the Alps.", "Hiking __knowledge__ The word hiking is also often used in the UK, along with rambling (a slightly old-fashioned term), hillwalking, and fell walking (a term mostly used for hillwalking in northern England).", "Hiking __knowledge__ The term bushwalking is endemic to Australia, having been adopted by the Sydney Bush Walkers club in 1927.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In New Zealand a long, vigorous walk or hike is called tramping.", "Hiking __knowledge__ It is a popular activity with numerous worldwide, and studies suggest that all forms of walking have health benefits.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In the United States, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, and United Kingdom, hiking means walking outdoors on a trail, or off trail, for recreational purposes.", "Hiking __knowledge__ A day hike refers to a hike that can be completed in a single day.", "Hiking __knowledge__ However, in the United Kingdom, the word walking is also used, as well as rambling, while walking in mountainous areas is called hillwalking.", "Toro Negro State Forest __knowledge__ Toro Negro State Forest (Spanish: \"Bosque Estatal de Toro Negro\") is one of the 21 forests that make up the public forests system in Puerto Rico.", "Toro Negro State Forest __knowledge__ It is also Puerto Rico's highest cloud forest.", "Toro Negro State Forest __knowledge__ It is located in the Cordillera Central region of the island and covers , of mountains.", "Toro Negro State Forest __knowledge__ Toro Negro's mountains have heights reaching up to and include Cerro de Punta, Cerro Jayuya and Cerro Rosa, the three highest peaks in the island.", "Toro Negro State Forest __knowledge__ Nested among these mountains is Lake Guineo, the island's highest lake.", "Toro Negro State Forest __knowledge__ The forest has of trails, an observation tower, two natural swimming pools (Spanish:\"\"charcos\"\"), camping and picnic areas, nine rivers, and numerous creeks and waterfalls.", "Hiking equipment __knowledge__ Hiking equipment is the equipment taken on outdoor walking trips.", "Hiking equipment __knowledge__ Hiking is usually divided into day-hikes and multiple-day hikes, called backpacking, trekking, and walking tours.", "Hiking equipment __knowledge__ The equipment selected varies according to the duration, distance, planned activities, and the environment.", "Hiking equipment __knowledge__ Additional factors include weight and preparedness for unplanned events.", "Hiking equipment __knowledge__ The level of preparedness can relate to remoteness and potential hazards; for example, a short day hike across farmland or trekking in the Himalayas.", "Hiking equipment __knowledge__ The length and duration of a walk can influence the amount of weight carried.", "Hiking equipment __knowledge__ The nature of a hike is both by the natural environment and the applicable government regulations and hikers plan accordingly when considering equipment.", "Trekking pole __knowledge__ Trekking poles (also known as hiking poles, hiking sticks or walking poles) are a common hiking accessory used to assist walkers with their rhythm and provide stability on rough terrain.", "Trekking pole __knowledge__ When in use, trekking poles resemble ski poles as they have many features in common, such as baskets at the bottom, rubber-padded handles and wrist straps.", "Trekking pole __knowledge__ Their maximum length is usually 135 cm (54 inches), however, unlike ski poles, they are often made in two or three sections and can be extended and retracted as necessary for use and collapsed for storage or transport.", "Trekking pole __knowledge__ When fully retracted it may be possible to attach them to a backpack.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The Appalachian National Scenic Trail, generally known as the Appalachian Trail or simply the A.T., is a marked hiking trail in the Eastern United States extending between Springer Mountain in Georgia and Mount Katahdin in Maine.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The trail is estimated around 2,200 miles (3,500 km) long, though the exact length changes over time as parts are modified or rerouted.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The Appalachian Trail Conservancy claims that the Appalachian Trail is the longest hiking-only trail in the world.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ More than 2 million people are said to take a hike on part of the trail at least once each year.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The idea of the Appalachian Trail came about in 1921.", "David Sharp (mountaineer) __knowledge__ David Sharp (15 February 1972 – 15 May 2006) was an English mountaineer who died near the summit of Mount Everest.", "David Sharp (mountaineer) __knowledge__ His death caused controversy and debate, because he was passed by a number of other climbers heading to and returning from the summit as he was dying, although a number of others did try to help him.", "David Sharp (mountaineer) __knowledge__ Sharp had previously summitted Cho Oyu and was noted as being a talented rock climber, who seemed to acclimatize well, and was known for being in good humor around mountaineering camps.", "David Sharp (mountaineer) __knowledge__ He had appeared briefly in season one of the television show \"\", which was filmed the same season as his ill-fated expedition to Everest.", "Panch Kedar __knowledge__ Panch Kedar () refers to five Hindu temples or holy places of the Shaivite sect dedicated to god Shiva.", "Panch Kedar __knowledge__ They are located in the Garhwal Himalayan region in Uttarakhand, India.", "Panch Kedar __knowledge__ They are the subject of many legends that directly link their creation to Pandavas, the heroes of the Hindu epic Mahabharata.", "Panch Kedar __knowledge__ The five temples designated in the strict pecking order to be followed for pilgrimage for worship are the Kedarnath () at an altitude of , the Tungnath (तुंगनाथ)(), Rudranath (रुद्रनाथ) (), Madhyamaheshwar (मध्यमहेश्वर) or Madmaheshwar () and Kalpeshwar (कल्पेश्वर) ().", "Panch Kedar __knowledge__ The Kedarnath is the main temple, which is part of four Chota Char Dhams (literally 'the small four abodes/seats') or pilgrimage centers of the Garhwal Himalayas; the other three dhams are the Badrinath, Yamunotri and Gangotri.", "East Coast Trail __knowledge__ Started in 1994, the East Coast Trail is a long-distance footpath located in the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador.", "East Coast Trail __knowledge__ It is over of developed trail that is made up of 26 wilderness paths and intersect more than 30 communities.", "East Coast Trail __knowledge__ It was named one of the best adventure destinations by National Geographic in 2012 and grows and improves every year.", "East Coast Trail __knowledge__ Maintained by the East Coast Trail Association and located primarily on public lands, the trail traces the east coast of Newfoundland along the Atlantic Ocean.", "East Coast Trail __knowledge__ The trail passes through many small coastal towns nested in the bays of the Avalon Peninsula.", "Hike Messenger __knowledge__ Hike Messenger (stylized as hike M E S S E N G E R) is a cross-platform instant messaging service for smartphones that use the internet for communication.", "Hike Messenger __knowledge__ In addition to text messaging, users can send each other graphical stickers, emoticons, images, videos, audios, files, voice messages, contacts and user location.", "Hike Messenger __knowledge__ Hike was launched on 12 December 2012 and raised its first round of funding of $7 million from Bharti SoftBank in April 2013.", "Hike Messenger __knowledge__ Hike is a joint venture between Bharti Enterprises and SoftBank.", "Hike Messenger __knowledge__ On 16 August 2016 Hike raised $175 million in a new round of funding led by Tencent & Foxconn.", "Abenomics __knowledge__ The term \"Abenomics\" is a portmanteau of \"Abe\" and \"economics\", and follows previous political neologisms for economic policies linked to specific leaders, such as Reaganomics, Clintonomics and Rogernomics.", "Abenomics __knowledge__ The Japanese government raised consumption tax rates from 3% to 5% in 1997, which worsened the recession and deflated the economy.", "Abenomics __knowledge__ The government raised the consumption tax in 1997 for the purpose of balancing its budget, and then the government revenue decreased by 4.5 trillion yen because consumption stumbled.", "Abenomics __knowledge__ The country recorded a GDP growth rate of 3 percent in 1996, but after the tax hike the economy sank into recession.", "Red Bull X-Alps __knowledge__ The Red Bull X-Alps is a paragliding race in which athletes must hike or fly 1,000 km across the Alps.", "Red Bull X-Alps __knowledge__ It first launched in 2003 and has since taken place every other year.", "Red Bull X-Alps __knowledge__ Around 30 athletes take part and must navigate their way via a predetermined set of turnpoints that vary with each race.", "Red Bull X-Alps __knowledge__ Every kilometer must be covered either on foot or by paraglider.", "Red Bull X-Alps __knowledge__ Teams consist of one athlete and one official supporter, whose role it is to provide technical advice, mental and nutritional support.", "Red Bull X-Alps __knowledge__ The route traditionally covers the Alpine regions of Austria, Germany, Italy, Switzerland and France before ending in Roquebrune-Cap-Martin, France." ] ]

[ 5, 12, 8, 23 ]

[ "I love going tramping, I am from New Zealand. That is what we call hiking there.", "It depends if I am doing a day hike or a multiple day hike. If i go trekking then I need a different pair of shoes again.", "A day hike refers to a hike that can be done in a single day, trekking takes many days.", "Yes and may I suggest getting some trekking poles. They assist walkers with their rhythm and provide stability on rough terrain." ]

[ "Hiking", "Hiking", "Hiking", "Hiking" ]

[ "National Hockey League", "That is interesting. I have been to a few minor league games which were a lot of fun", "I like our Austin Ice Bats but they are minor league. Being in the south, we do not have a lot of hockey", "I love baseball and football but tend to not pay much attention until the playoffs" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "National Hockey League __knowledge__ The National Hockey League (NHL; ) is a professional ice hockey league in North America, currently comprising 31 teams: 24 in the United States and 7 in Canada.", "National Hockey League __knowledge__ The NHL is considered to be the premier professional ice hockey league in the world, and one of the major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada.", "National Hockey League __knowledge__ The Stanley Cup, the oldest professional sports trophy in North America, is awarded annually to the league playoff champion at the end of each season.", "National Hockey League __knowledge__ The National Hockey League was organized on November 26, 1917, in Montreal after the suspension of operations of its predecessor organization, the National Hockey Association (NHA), which had been founded in 1909 in Renfrew, Ontario.", "National Hockey League __knowledge__ The NHL immediately took the NHA's place as one of the leagues that contested for the Stanley Cup in an annual interleague competition before a series of league mergers and folds left the NHL as the only league left competing for the Stanley Cup in 1926.", "National Hockey League __knowledge__ At its inception, the NHL had four teams—all in Canada, thus the adjective \"National\" in the league's name.", "National Hockey League __knowledge__ The league expanded to the United States in 1924, when the Boston Bruins joined, and has since consisted of American and Canadian teams." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "National Hockey League __knowledge__ The National Hockey League (NHL; ) is a professional ice hockey league in North America, currently comprising 31 teams: 24 in the United States and 7 in Canada.", "National Hockey League __knowledge__ The NHL is considered to be the premier professional ice hockey league in the world, and one of the major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada.", "National Hockey League __knowledge__ The Stanley Cup, the oldest professional sports trophy in North America, is awarded annually to the league playoff champion at the end of each season.", "National Hockey League __knowledge__ The National Hockey League was organized on November 26, 1917, in Montreal after the suspension of operations of its predecessor organization, the National Hockey Association (NHA), which had been founded in 1909 in Renfrew, Ontario.", "National Hockey League __knowledge__ The NHL immediately took the NHA's place as one of the leagues that contested for the Stanley Cup in an annual interleague competition before a series of league mergers and folds left the NHL as the only league left competing for the Stanley Cup in 1926.", "National Hockey League __knowledge__ At its inception, the NHL had four teams—all in Canada, thus the adjective \"National\" in the league's name.", "National Hockey League __knowledge__ The league expanded to the United States in 1924, when the Boston Bruins joined, and has since consisted of American and Canadian teams.", "Minor League Baseball __knowledge__ Minor League Baseball is a hierarchy of professional baseball leagues in the Americas that compete at levels below Major League Baseball (MLB) and provide opportunities for player development and a way to prepare for the major leagues.", "Minor League Baseball __knowledge__ All of the minor leagues are operated as independent businesses.", "Minor League Baseball __knowledge__ Most are members of the umbrella organization known as Minor League Baseball (MiLB), which operates under the Commissioner of Baseball within the scope of organized baseball.", "Minor League Baseball __knowledge__ Several leagues, known as independent baseball leagues, do not have any official links to Major League Baseball.", "Minor League Baseball __knowledge__ Except for the Mexican League, teams in the organized minor leagues are generally independently owned and operated but are directly affiliated with one major league team through a standardized Player Development Contract (PDC).", "Eddie Zosky __knowledge__ Edward James Zosky (born February 10, 1968) is a former professional baseball shortstop.", "Eddie Zosky __knowledge__ He played all or part of five seasons in Major League Baseball, between 1991 and 2000, for the Toronto Blue Jays, Florida Marlins, Milwaukee Brewers and Houston Astros.", "Eddie Zosky __knowledge__ He also played in the Baltimore Orioles, San Francisco Giants and Pittsburgh Pirates minor league systems.", "Eddie Zosky __knowledge__ Zosky was a collegiate star prior to playing professionally, becoming a member of Fresno State University's athletic Hall of Fame.", "Eddie Zosky __knowledge__ He developed into a promising shortstop prospect for the Toronto Blue Jays in the early 1990s, being named their starting shortstop of the future multiple times, though injury problems and a lack of offense ended his hopes of stardom.", "Satchel Paige __knowledge__ Leroy Robert \"Satchel\" Paige (July 7, 1906 – June 8, 1982) was an American Negro league baseball and Major League Baseball (MLB) pitcher who became a legend in his own lifetime by being known as perhaps the best pitcher in baseball history, by his longevity in the game, and by attracting record crowds wherever he pitched.", "Satchel Paige __knowledge__ Paige was a right-handed pitcher, and at age 42 in 1948, he was the oldest major league rookie while playing for the Cleveland Indians.", "Satchel Paige __knowledge__ He played with the St. Louis Browns until age 47, and represented them in the All-Star Game in 1952 and 1953.", "Satchel Paige __knowledge__ He was the first player who had played in the Negro leagues to pitch in the World Series, in 1948, and was the first electee of the Committee on Negro Baseball Leagues to be inducted in the National Baseball Hall of Fame, in 1971.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of nine players each who take turns batting and fielding.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The batting team attempts to score runs by hitting a ball (that is thrown by the opposing team's pitcher) with a bat swung by the batter, and then running counter-clockwise around a series of four bases: first, second, third, and home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A run is scored when a player advances around the bases and touches home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Players on the batting team take turns hitting against the pitcher of the fielding team, which tries to prevent runs by getting hitters out in any of several ways.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A player on the batting team who reaches a base safely can later attempt to advance to subsequent bases during teammates' turns batting, such as on a hit or by other means.", "2017 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ The 2017 St. Louis Cardinals season was the 136th for the St. Louis Cardinals of Major League Baseball (MLB), a franchise in St. Louis, Missouri.", "2017 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ It was the 126th season for the Cardinals in the National League (NL), and their 12th at Busch Stadium III.", "2017 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ For the first time since the 2007-2008 seasons, the Cardinals missed the playoffs in consecutive years, with a September 28 loss, in 2016-2017.", "2017 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ Major League Baseball and the Players' Association reached a new, tentative CBA contract to reduce the 15-day disabled list timetable to 10-days.", "2017 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ This change will allow teams to make quicker decisions on whether to bring up a roster replacement rather than wait to see if the injured player would be ready to return to action in less than two weeks.", "Negro league baseball __knowledge__ The Negro leagues were United States professional baseball leagues comprising teams predominantly made up of African Americans and, to a lesser extent, Latin Americans.", "Negro league baseball __knowledge__ The term may be used broadly to include professional black teams outside the leagues and it may be used narrowly for the seven relatively successful leagues beginning in 1920 that are sometimes termed \"Negro Major Leagues\".", "Negro league baseball __knowledge__ In 1885 the Cuban Giants formed the first black professional baseball team.", "Negro league baseball __knowledge__ The first league, the National Colored Base Ball League, was organized strictly as a minor league but failed in 1887 after only two weeks owing to low attendance.", "Nashville Sounds __knowledge__ The Nashville Sounds are a Minor League Baseball team of the Pacific Coast League (PCL) and the Triple-A affiliate of the Oakland Athletics.", "Nashville Sounds __knowledge__ They are located in Nashville, Tennessee, and are named for the city's association with the music industry.", "Nashville Sounds __knowledge__ The team plays its home games at First Tennessee Park which opened in 2015 and is partially located on the site of the historic Sulphur Dell ballpark.", "Nashville Sounds __knowledge__ The Sounds previously played at Herschel Greer Stadium from its opening in 1978 until the end of the 2014 season.", "Nashville Sounds __knowledge__ Established as an expansion team of the Double-A Southern League in 1978, the Sounds were replaced by a Triple-A American Association team in 1985.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is a contact team sport played on ice, usually in a rink, in which two teams of skaters use their sticks to shoot a vulcanized rubber puck into their opponent's net to score points.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The sport is known to be fast-paced and physical, with teams usually consisting of six players each: one goaltender, and five players who skate up and down the ice trying to take the puck and score a goal against the opposing team.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is most popular in Canada, central and eastern Europe, Scandinavia, Russia and the United States.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is the official national winter sport of Canada, and enjoys immense popularity; alongside Canada, ice hockey is the most popular winter sport in Belarus, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Finland, Latvia, Russia, Slovakia, Sweden, and Switzerland.", "Ottawa Senators (original) __knowledge__ The Ottawa Senators were an ice hockey team based in Ottawa, Canada which existed from 1883 to 1954.", "Ottawa Senators (original) __knowledge__ The club was the first hockey club in Ontario, a founding member of the National Hockey League (NHL) and played in the NHL from 1917 until 1934.", "Ottawa Senators (original) __knowledge__ The club, which was officially the Ottawa Hockey Club (Ottawa HC), was known by several nicknames, including the \"Generals\" in the 1890s, the \"Silver Seven\" from 1903 to 1907 and the \"Senators\" dating from 1908.", "Ottawa Senators (original) __knowledge__ Generally acknowledged by hockey historians as one of the greatest teams of the early days of the sport, the club won numerous championships, starting with the 1891 to 1893 Ontario championships.", "History of the National Hockey League (1917–42) __knowledge__ The National Hockey League (NHL) was founded in 1917 following the demise of its predecessor league, the National Hockey Association (NHA).", "History of the National Hockey League (1917–42) __knowledge__ In an effort to remove Eddie Livingstone as owner of the Toronto Blueshirts, a majority of the NHA franchises (the Montreal Canadiens, Montreal Wanderers, Ottawa Senators and Quebec Bulldogs) suspended the NHA and formed the new NHL.", "History of the National Hockey League (1917–42) __knowledge__ Quebec, while a member, did not operate in the NHL for the first two years.", "History of the National Hockey League (1917–42) __knowledge__ Instead the owners of the Toronto Arena Gardens operated a new Toronto franchise.", "History of the National Hockey League (1917–42) __knowledge__ While the NHL was intended as a temporary measure, the continuing dispute with Livingstone led to the four NHA owners meeting and making the suspension of the NHA permanent one year later.", "Sports in Philadelphia __knowledge__ Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, has been home to many teams and events in professional, semi-professional, amateur, college, and high-school sports.", "Sports in Philadelphia __knowledge__ Sports are a huge part of the culture of the city and the Greater Philadelphia area.", "Sports in Philadelphia __knowledge__ Philadelphia sports fans are considered to be some of the most knowledgeable fans in sports, and are known for their extreme passion for all of their teams.", "Sports in Philadelphia __knowledge__ Philadelphia fans are also known for their reputation of being the \"Meanest Fans in America\".", "Sports in Philadelphia __knowledge__ Philadelphia is one of twelve cities that hosts teams in all four major sports leagues in North America, and Philadelphia is one of just three cities in which one team from every league plays within city limits.", "Canadian Junior Hockey League __knowledge__ The Canadian Junior Hockey League (CJHL), an association of Canadian junior A ice hockey leagues and teams, formed in November 1993, emerging from the Canada West Association of Junior 'A' Hockey.", "Canadian Junior Hockey League __knowledge__ The champion of the Canadian Junior Hockey League wins the Royal Bank Cup.", "Canadian Junior Hockey League __knowledge__ The CJHL spans the majority of Canada, from the Pacific Coast to the Atlantic Coast.", "Canadian Junior Hockey League __knowledge__ The only regional organizations of Hockey Canada to currently not have member teams or a league are Hockey Newfoundland and Labrador and Hockey North.", "Canadian Junior Hockey League __knowledge__ In addition to Hockey NL and Hockey North, Hockey New Brunswick and Hockey PEI do not have their own leagues, but have teams from their region playing under Hockey Nova Scotia with the Maritime Junior A Hockey League.", "Professional ice hockey __knowledge__ Professional ice hockey has existed since the early 1900s (decade).", "Professional ice hockey __knowledge__ The professional game originated in the United States in 1904 and became prominent in Canada during the early 20th century before expanding back into the United States and eventually to many other countries.", "Professional ice hockey __knowledge__ In addition to the United States and Canada, high-level professional hockey is present in Germany, Russia, Sweden, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Finland and Switzerland; professional hockey is also played in many other countries, as diverse as Ukraine, the United Kingdom, Austria, Australia and Japan.", "Professional ice hockey __knowledge__ Professional leagues emerged from amateur leagues." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "National Hockey League __knowledge__ The National Hockey League (NHL; ) is a professional ice hockey league in North America, currently comprising 31 teams: 24 in the United States and 7 in Canada.", "National Hockey League __knowledge__ The NHL is considered to be the premier professional ice hockey league in the world, and one of the major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada.", "National Hockey League __knowledge__ The Stanley Cup, the oldest professional sports trophy in North America, is awarded annually to the league playoff champion at the end of each season.", "National Hockey League __knowledge__ The National Hockey League was organized on November 26, 1917, in Montreal after the suspension of operations of its predecessor organization, the National Hockey Association (NHA), which had been founded in 1909 in Renfrew, Ontario.", "National Hockey League __knowledge__ The NHL immediately took the NHA's place as one of the leagues that contested for the Stanley Cup in an annual interleague competition before a series of league mergers and folds left the NHL as the only league left competing for the Stanley Cup in 1926.", "National Hockey League __knowledge__ At its inception, the NHL had four teams—all in Canada, thus the adjective \"National\" in the league's name.", "National Hockey League __knowledge__ The league expanded to the United States in 1924, when the Boston Bruins joined, and has since consisted of American and Canadian teams.", "Austin Ice Bats __knowledge__ The Austin Ice Bats was a professional minor-league ice hockey team based in Austin, Texas, United States.", "Austin Ice Bats __knowledge__ They played in Austin from 1996 to 2008.", "Austin Ice Bats __knowledge__ Affiliated with the Central Hockey League, the team was named in honor of the Mexican Free-tailed Bats (Tadarida brasiliensis) which nest under the Ann W. Richards Congress Avenue Bridge in the city.", "Austin Ice Bats __knowledge__ Their affiliates were the NHL's Minnesota Wild and the AHL's Houston Aeros.", "Austin Ice Bats __knowledge__ The team's last head coach was former NHL player Brent Hughes.", "Austin Ice Bats __knowledge__ The team was established in 1996 and played home games in Luedecke Arena at the Travis County Exposition Center, a multi-purpose building which was furnished with skating ice and dubbed the \"Bat Cave\" for the games.", "Sports in Austin, Texas __knowledge__ The City of Austin, Texas and the Austin metropolitan area has no major league professional sports teams, but is home to the University of Texas Longhorns and to several minor-league sports teams.", "Sports in Austin, Texas __knowledge__ Many Austinites support the athletic programs of the University of Texas at Austin known as the Texas Longhorns.", "Sports in Austin, Texas __knowledge__ During the 2005–06 academic term, Longhorns football team was named the NCAA Division I FBS National Football Champion and Longhorns baseball team won the College World Series.", "Sports in Austin, Texas __knowledge__ The Texas Longhorns play home games in the state's second-largest sports stadium, Darrell K Royal–Texas Memorial Stadium, seating over 101,000 fans.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ Austin () is the capital of the U.S. state of Texas and the seat of Travis County, with portions extending into Hays and Williamson counties.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ It is the 11th-most populous city in the United States and the 4th-most populous city in Texas.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ It is the fastest growing large city in the United States, the second most populous state capital after Phoenix, Arizona, and the southern-most state capital in the contiguous 48 states.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ As of the Census Bureau's July 1, 2016 estimate, Austin has a population of 947,890.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ Located in within greater Texas Hill Country, the city is home to numerous lakes, rivers, and waterways including Lady Bird Lake, Barton Springs, McKinney Falls, the Colorado River, Lake Travis, and Lake Walter E. Long.", "Ann W. Richards Congress Avenue Bridge __knowledge__ The Ann W. Richards Congress Avenue Bridge (formerly known simply as the Congress Avenue Bridge) crosses over Lady Bird Lake in Austin, Texas.", "Ann W. Richards Congress Avenue Bridge __knowledge__ Before construction of the Longhorn Dam was completed in 1960, the bridge crossed the Colorado River from which Lady Bird Lake is impounded.", "Ann W. Richards Congress Avenue Bridge __knowledge__ The bridge was known as the Congress Avenue Bridge from the construction of the first span across the Colorado River at that location in the late 19th century until November 16, 2006, when the Austin City Council renamed the current bridge in honor of Ann W. Richards, the 45th Governor of Texas and a long-term resident of Austin.", "Goaltender __knowledge__ In ice hockey, the goaltender is the player responsible for preventing the hockey puck from entering their team's net, thus preventing the opposing team from scoring.", "Goaltender __knowledge__ The goaltender usually plays in or near the area in front of the net called the \"goal crease\" (often referred to simply as \" the crease\" or \"the net\").", "Goaltender __knowledge__ Goaltenders tend to stay at or beyond the top of the crease to cut down on the angle of shots.", "Goaltender __knowledge__ In today's age of goaltending there are two common styles, butterfly and hybrid (hybrid is a mix of the traditional stand-up style and butterfly technique).", "Goaltender __knowledge__ Because of the power of shots, the goaltender wears special equipment designed to protect the body from direct impact.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is a contact team sport played on ice, usually in a rink, in which two teams of skaters use their sticks to shoot a vulcanized rubber puck into their opponent's net to score points.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The sport is known to be fast-paced and physical, with teams usually consisting of six players each: one goaltender, and five players who skate up and down the ice trying to take the puck and score a goal against the opposing team.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is most popular in Canada, central and eastern Europe, Scandinavia, Russia and the United States.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is the official national winter sport of Canada, and enjoys immense popularity; alongside Canada, ice hockey is the most popular winter sport in Belarus, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Finland, Latvia, Russia, Slovakia, Sweden, and Switzerland.", "Corpus Christi IceRays (1998–2010) __knowledge__ The Corpus Christi IceRays were a minor-league ice hockey team based in Corpus Christi, Texas affiliated with the Western Professional Hockey League from 1998–2001, and with the Central Hockey League from 2001 to 2010.", "Corpus Christi IceRays (1998–2010) __knowledge__ The \"IceRays\" moniker derives from the many different species of stingrays who inhabit the nearby Gulf of Mexico.", "Corpus Christi IceRays (1998–2010) __knowledge__ The team was established in 1998 as a member of the Western Professional Hockey League (WPHL) and played its home games at the (now demolished) Memorial Coliseum, dubbed \"The Igloo\" by fans because temperatures in the Coliseum dictated a dress that included sweaters and jackets, even in Corpus Christi's mild winters.", "NFL Rush Zone __knowledge__ NFL Rush Zone is an American action-adventure animated television series.", "NFL Rush Zone __knowledge__ In Season 1, the show centers on an 11-year-old football fan named Ish, who learns he must protect shards of a power source called \"The Core\", hidden at 32 NFL stadiums.", "NFL Rush Zone __knowledge__ A television movie closed the first season on February 5, 2011.", "NFL Rush Zone __knowledge__ Nickelodeon announced a second season (titled NFL Rush Zone: Season of the Guardians) on September 6, 2012; it premiered on November 30, 2012.", "NFL Rush Zone __knowledge__ Nickelodeon announced a third season (titled NFL Rush Zone: Guardians Unleashed) on July 11, 2013; it premiered on November 20, 2013 and ended on October 22, 2014.", "Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada __knowledge__ The major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada are the highest professional competitions of team sports in those countries.", "Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada __knowledge__ The four leagues universally included in the definition are Major League Baseball (MLB), the National Basketball Association (NBA), the National Football League (NFL), and the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada __knowledge__ Other prominent leagues include Major League Soccer (MLS) and the Canadian Football League (CFL).", "Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada __knowledge__ The MLB, NBA, NFL and NHL are commonly referred to as the \"Big 4\".", "Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada __knowledge__ Each of these is the wealthiest professional club competition in its sport worldwide, and along with the English Premier League they make up the top five sports leagues by revenue in the world.", "2017–18 in CONCACAF club competitions __knowledge__ The 2017–18 season of CONCACAF club competitions will be overall the 53rd season of the football club competitions organized by CONCACAF, the regional governing body of North America, Central America, and the Caribbean, and the 10th season since the name of the premier tournament was changed to its current name, CONCACAF Champions League.", "2017–18 in CONCACAF club competitions __knowledge__ Starting from this season, the overall CONCACAF club competition platform consists of two tournaments, the newly created CONCACAF League and the CONCACAF Champions League: Therefore, a total of 31 teams will compete during the season (an increase from the previous 24 teams), with the 2017 CONCACAF League being held from August to October 2017, and the 2018 CONCACAF Champions League being held from February to April 2018, both of home-and-away two-legged single-elimination format.", "Kobe Bryant __knowledge__ Kobe Bean Bryant (born August 23, 1978) is an American retired professional basketball player and businessman.", "Kobe Bryant __knowledge__ He played his entire 20-year career with the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Kobe Bryant __knowledge__ He entered the NBA directly from high school and won five NBA championships with the Lakers.", "Kobe Bryant __knowledge__ Bryant is an 18-time All-Star, 15-time member of the All-NBA Team, and 12-time member of the All-Defensive team.", "Kobe Bryant __knowledge__ He led the NBA in scoring during two seasons, and ranks third on the league's all-time regular season scoring and fourth on the all-time postseason scoring list.", "Kobe Bryant __knowledge__ He holds the NBA record for the most seasons playing with one franchise for an entire career and is widely regarded as one of the greatest basketball players of all time.", "2018–19 in CONCACAF club competitions __knowledge__ The 2018–19 season of CONCACAF club competitions will be overall the 54th season of the football club competitions organized by CONCACAF, the regional governing body of North America, Central America, and the Caribbean, and the 11th season since the name of the premier tournament was changed to its current name, CONCACAF Champions League.", "2018–19 in CONCACAF club competitions __knowledge__ This will be the second season where the overall CONCACAF club competition platform consists of two tournaments, the CONCACAF League and the CONCACAF Champions League: Therefore, a total of 31 teams will compete during the season, with the 2018 CONCACAF League being held from August to October 2018, and the 2019 CONCACAF Champions League being held from February to April 2019, both of home-and-away two-legged single-elimination format.", "Basking in reflected glory __knowledge__ Basking in reflected glory (BIRGing) is a self-serving cognition whereby an individual associates themselves with known successful others such that the winner's success becomes the individual's own accomplishment.", "Basking in reflected glory __knowledge__ The affiliation of another's success is enough to stimulate self glory.", "Basking in reflected glory __knowledge__ The individual does not need to be personally involved in the successful action.", "Basking in reflected glory __knowledge__ To BIRG, they must simply associate themselves with the success.", "Basking in reflected glory __knowledge__ Examples of BIRGing include anything from sharing a home state with a past or present famous person, to religious affiliations, to sports teams.", "Basking in reflected glory __knowledge__ For example, when a fan of a football team wears the team's jersey and boasts after a win, this fan is engaging in BIRGing." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "National Hockey League __knowledge__ The National Hockey League (NHL; ) is a professional ice hockey league in North America, currently comprising 31 teams: 24 in the United States and 7 in Canada.", "National Hockey League __knowledge__ The NHL is considered to be the premier professional ice hockey league in the world, and one of the major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada.", "National Hockey League __knowledge__ The Stanley Cup, the oldest professional sports trophy in North America, is awarded annually to the league playoff champion at the end of each season.", "National Hockey League __knowledge__ The National Hockey League was organized on November 26, 1917, in Montreal after the suspension of operations of its predecessor organization, the National Hockey Association (NHA), which had been founded in 1909 in Renfrew, Ontario.", "National Hockey League __knowledge__ The NHL immediately took the NHA's place as one of the leagues that contested for the Stanley Cup in an annual interleague competition before a series of league mergers and folds left the NHL as the only league left competing for the Stanley Cup in 1926.", "National Hockey League __knowledge__ At its inception, the NHL had four teams—all in Canada, thus the adjective \"National\" in the league's name.", "National Hockey League __knowledge__ The league expanded to the United States in 1924, when the Boston Bruins joined, and has since consisted of American and Canadian teams.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of nine players each who take turns batting and fielding.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The batting team attempts to score runs by hitting a ball (that is thrown by the opposing team's pitcher) with a bat swung by the batter, and then running counter-clockwise around a series of four bases: first, second, third, and home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A run is scored when a player advances around the bases and touches home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Players on the batting team take turns hitting against the pitcher of the fielding team, which tries to prevent runs by getting hitters out in any of several ways.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A player on the batting team who reaches a base safely can later attempt to advance to subsequent bases during teammates' turns batting, such as on a hit or by other means.", "Ardashir I __knowledge__ Ardashir I or Ardeshir I (Middle Persian:, New Persian: اردشیر بابکان, \"Ardashir-e Bābakān\"), also known as Ardashir the Unifier (180–242 AD), was the founder of the Sasanian Empire.", "Ardashir I __knowledge__ After defeating the last Parthian shahanshah Artabanus V on the Hormozdgan plain in 224, he overthrew the Parthian dynasty and established the Sasanian dynasty.", "Ardashir I __knowledge__ Afterwards, Ardashir called himself \"shahanshah\" and began conquering the land that he called Iran.", "Ardashir I __knowledge__ There are various historical reports about Ardashir's lineage and ancestry.", "Ardashir I __knowledge__ According to Al-Tabari's report, Ardashir was son of Papak, son of Sasan.", "Ardashir I __knowledge__ Another narrative that exists in Kar-Namag i Ardashir i Pabagan and Ferdowsi's \"Shahnameh\" also states it says that Ardashir was born from the marriage of Sasan, a descendant of Darius III, with the daughter of Papak, a local governor in Pars.", "Lee Hedges __knowledge__ Junior Lee Hedges (born November 2, 1929) is with 217 victories the winningest high school football coach in the history of Shreveport-Bossier City in northwestern Louisiana.", "Lee Hedges __knowledge__ In 2001, the Caddo Parish School Board renamed the football stadium at Captain Shreve High School in Hedges' honor.", "Lee Hedges __knowledge__ In 2010, he was elected to the Louisiana Sports Hall of Fame in Natchitoches.", "Lee Hedges __knowledge__ Hedges is a native of rural Fifty-Six in Stone County near Mountain View in northern Arkansas.", "Lee Hedges __knowledge__ In the middle 1940s, he played football at Fair Park High School in Shreveport.", "Lee Hedges __knowledge__ He then played at Louisiana State University in Baton Rouge.", "List of Rebelde characters __knowledge__ This article contains a list of characters from the telenovela \"Rebelde\".", "List of Rebelde characters __knowledge__ \"Rebelde\" features several different plotlines, many of which are put on hold for several episodes before they are resumed.", "List of Rebelde characters __knowledge__ Many of the minor characters often play central roles for a single episode before returning to the background.", "List of Rebelde characters __knowledge__ Mía Colucci Caceres is Franco Colucci's only daughter with his first wife, Marina Caceres.", "List of Rebelde characters __knowledge__ The most popular girl at Elite Way School, she comes from a wealthy and privileged family who lives in Mexico City.", "List of Rebelde characters __knowledge__ Spoiled and self-centered, she however can be very loyal, attentive and tender towards those she loves.", "Casey Stengel __knowledge__ Charles Dillon \"Casey\" Stengel (; July 30, 1890 – September 29, 1975) was an American Major League Baseball right fielder and manager best known as the manager of both the championship New York Yankees of the 1950s, and later of the hapless expansion New York Mets.", "Casey Stengel __knowledge__ He was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in .", "Casey Stengel __knowledge__ Stengel was born in Kansas City, Missouri.", "Casey Stengel __knowledge__ In 1910, he began a professional baseball career that would span over half a century.", "Casey Stengel __knowledge__ After almost three seasons in the minor leagues, Stengel reached the major leagues as an outfielder for the Brooklyn Dodgers.", "Casey Stengel __knowledge__ His six seasons there saw some success, including as a member of Brooklyn's 1916 National League championship team, but he also developed a reputation as a clown.", "Playoff format __knowledge__ There are a number of formats used in various levels of competition in sports and games to determine an overall champion.", "Playoff format __knowledge__ Some of the most common are the \"single elimination\", the \"best-of-\" series, the \"total points series\", and the \"round-robin tournament\".", "Playoff format __knowledge__ A Single elimination (\"knockout\") playoff pits the participants in one-game matches, with the loser being dropped from the competition.", "Playoff format __knowledge__ Single elimination tournaments are much more common in individual sports like tennis.", "Playoff format __knowledge__ In most tennis tournaments, the players are seeded against each other, and the winner of each match continues to the next round, all the way to the final.", "Oakland Raiders __knowledge__ The Oakland Raiders are a professional American football franchise based in Oakland, California.", "Oakland Raiders __knowledge__ The Raiders compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member club of the league's American Football Conference (AFC) West division.", "Oakland Raiders __knowledge__ Founded on January 30, 1960, they played their first regular-season game on September 11, 1960, as a charter member of the American Football League (AFL) which merged with the NFL in 1970.", "Oakland Raiders __knowledge__ The Raiders' off-field fortunes have varied considerably over the years.", "Oakland Raiders __knowledge__ The team's first three years of operation (1960–1962) were marred by poor on-field performance, financial difficulties, and spotty attendance.", "Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada __knowledge__ The major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada are the highest professional competitions of team sports in those countries.", "Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada __knowledge__ The four leagues universally included in the definition are Major League Baseball (MLB), the National Basketball Association (NBA), the National Football League (NFL), and the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada __knowledge__ Other prominent leagues include Major League Soccer (MLS) and the Canadian Football League (CFL).", "Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada __knowledge__ The MLB, NBA, NFL and NHL are commonly referred to as the \"Big 4\".", "Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada __knowledge__ Each of these is the wealthiest professional club competition in its sport worldwide, and along with the English Premier League they make up the top five sports leagues by revenue in the world.", "Dynamic epistemic logic __knowledge__ Dynamic epistemic logic (DEL) is a logical framework dealing with knowledge and information change\".\"", "Dynamic epistemic logic __knowledge__ Typically, DEL focuses on situations involving multiple agents and studies how their knowledge changes when events occur.", "Dynamic epistemic logic __knowledge__ These events can change factual properties of the actual world (they are called \"ontic events\"): for example a red card is painted in blue.", "Dynamic epistemic logic __knowledge__ They can also bring about changes of knowledge without changing factual properties of the world (they are called \"epistemic events\"): for example a card is revealed publicly (or privately) to be red.", "Dynamic epistemic logic __knowledge__ Originally, DEL focused on epistemic events.", "Everybody Knows (Leonard Cohen song) __knowledge__ \"Everybody Knows\" is a song written by Canadian singer-songwriter Leonard Cohen and collaborator Sharon Robinson.", "Everybody Knows (Leonard Cohen song) __knowledge__ It has often been covered and used in soundtracks.", "Everybody Knows (Leonard Cohen song) __knowledge__ \"Everybody Knows\" was first released on Cohen's album \"I'm Your Man\", February 1988.", "Everybody Knows (Leonard Cohen song) __knowledge__ Five minutes, 37 seconds in duration, \"Everybody Knows\" is known for its somber tone and repetition of the title at the beginning of most verses.", "Everybody Knows (Leonard Cohen song) __knowledge__ Featuring phrases such as \"\"Everybody knows that the dice are loaded\"\" and \"\"Everybody knows that the good guys lost\"\", \"Everybody Knows\" has been variously described by critics as \"bitterly pessimistic\" yet funny, or, more strongly, a \"bleak prophecy about the end of the world as we know it.\"", "Sports in Philadelphia __knowledge__ Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, has been home to many teams and events in professional, semi-professional, amateur, college, and high-school sports.", "Sports in Philadelphia __knowledge__ Sports are a huge part of the culture of the city and the Greater Philadelphia area.", "Sports in Philadelphia __knowledge__ Philadelphia sports fans are considered to be some of the most knowledgeable fans in sports, and are known for their extreme passion for all of their teams.", "Sports in Philadelphia __knowledge__ Philadelphia fans are also known for their reputation of being the \"Meanest Fans in America\".", "Sports in Philadelphia __knowledge__ Philadelphia is one of twelve cities that hosts teams in all four major sports leagues in North America, and Philadelphia is one of just three cities in which one team from every league plays within city limits.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ Sports in the United States are an important part of the country's culture.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ Based on revenue, the four major professional sports leagues in the United States are Major League Baseball (MLB), the National Basketball Association (NBA), the National Football League (NFL), and the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ The market for professional sports in the United States is roughly $69 billion, roughly 50% larger than that of all of Europe, the Middle East, and Africa combined.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ Major League Soccer is sometimes included in a \"top five\" of leagues of the country.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ All four enjoy wide-ranging domestic media coverage and are considered the preeminent leagues in their respective sports in the world, although only basketball, baseball, and ice hockey have substantial followings in other nations.", "Major League Baseball __knowledge__ Major League Baseball (MLB) is a professional baseball organization, the oldest of the four major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada.", "Major League Baseball __knowledge__ A total of 30 teams play in the National League (NL) and American League (AL), with 15 teams in each league.", "Major League Baseball __knowledge__ The NL and AL were formed as separate legal entities in 1876 and 1901 respectively.", "Major League Baseball __knowledge__ After cooperating but remaining legally separate entities beginning in 1903, the leagues merged into a single organization led by the Commissioner of Baseball in 2000.", "Major League Baseball __knowledge__ The organization also oversees Minor League Baseball, which comprises about 240 teams affiliated with the Major League clubs.", "U.S. cities with teams from four major league sports __knowledge__ There are 13 U.S. cities with teams from four major sports, where \"city\" is defined as the entire metropolitan area, and \"major professional sports leagues\" as: The New York and the Los Angeles metropolitan areas, the two largest cities in the country, are the only two regions with at least two teams in each major sports league, with the New York metropolitan area being home to three NHL clubs.", "U.S. cities with teams from four major league sports __knowledge__ \"Italicized\" teams play outside the city limits of the metropolitan area's core city or cities; the specific location is given in parentheses.", "U.S. cities with teams from four major league sports __knowledge__ The core city or cities of a metropolitan area are identified in this reference." ] ]

[ 4, 1, 44, 73 ]

[ "I really love hockey. It's been organized by the National Hockey League since 1917 don't you know.", "Do you have a favorite team? There are 31 teams, 7 which are in Canada.", "Do you follow any of the other leagues? They're MLB, NBA, and NFL which everybody knows.", "There are 30 teams in the MLB. My favorite is the Boston Red Sox. What about you?" ]

[ "National Hockey League", "National Hockey League", "National Hockey League", "National Hockey League" ]

[ "Ex (relationship)\nEver have an Ex you can't get out of your mind (for whatever reason)?", "True enough, let's say an EX, well not lover, but someone who you causally dated", "What do you mean 'derogatory tinge'?", "Well, yes, in this case, it was a negative relationship as things turned out." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ex (relationship) __knowledge__ In social relationships, an ex (plural is exes) is someone with whom a person was once associated, in a relationship, marriage, or once talked to.", "Ex (relationship) __knowledge__ As a prefix, \"ex-\" can refer to a variety of different relationships; for example, one might refer to a music group's \"ex-guitarist\", or someone's \"ex-friend\".", "Ex (relationship) __knowledge__ When used alone, \"ex\" as a noun is assumed to refer to a former sexual or romantic partner, especially a former spouse.", "Ex (relationship) __knowledge__ This often has a derogatory tinge, especially if it refers to unrequited feelings.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Having reformed from his violent ways, Bigby (a.k.a.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ the Big Bad Wolf) became the cigarette-smoking, trench coat-clad sheriff of Fabletown.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is extremely cunning and resourceful, in addition to being an excellent detective.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Due to Snow White's possession of a lycanthropy-stained knife, he is now a werewolf and can change between wolf form, human form and an intermediate \"wolfman\" stage at will (in \"The Great Fables Crossover\", it is revealed that Bigby's nature as one of the North Wind's sons allows him to change forms at will).", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is the son of the North Wind, and, as such, has control over the lower-tier winds, plus the \"huff and puff\" of legend.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of character summaries from the FX Networks television series, \"The Shield\".", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ Captain Monica Rawling is a fictional character from the FX television show \"The Shield\", played by Glenn Close, who received an Emmy nomination as Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series for her performance.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ Monica Rawling succeeded David Aceveda as Captain of the Farmington precinct.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ A morally strong woman, she tried to redeem Vic Mackey and Ronnie Gardocki by involving them in a controversial asset forfeiture program designed to clean up Farmington, by destroying the neighborhood drug trade.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "List of Monk characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters of \"Monk\", an American comedy-drama detective mystery television series, created by Andy Breckman and starring Tony Shalhoub as the titular character, Adrian Monk.", "List of Monk characters __knowledge__ Except for two changes, the principal cast of the series remained consistent.", "List of Monk characters __knowledge__ For the first three seasons Sharona Fleming was Monk's assistant.", "List of Monk characters __knowledge__ She left to remarry her ex-husband in the middle of season three.", "List of Monk characters __knowledge__ She was replaced by Natalie Teeger, in the episode \"Mr. Monk and the Red Herring\", and remained Monk's assistant for the remainder of the series.", "List of Monk characters __knowledge__ Stanley Kamel, who portrayed Monk's therapist, Dr. Charles Kroger, died of a heart attack in April 2008, during the production hiatus in between seasons six and seven.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ex (relationship) __knowledge__ In social relationships, an ex (plural is exes) is someone with whom a person was once associated, in a relationship, marriage, or once talked to.", "Ex (relationship) __knowledge__ As a prefix, \"ex-\" can refer to a variety of different relationships; for example, one might refer to a music group's \"ex-guitarist\", or someone's \"ex-friend\".", "Ex (relationship) __knowledge__ When used alone, \"ex\" as a noun is assumed to refer to a former sexual or romantic partner, especially a former spouse.", "Ex (relationship) __knowledge__ This often has a derogatory tinge, especially if it refers to unrequited feelings.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ South African criminal law is the body of national law relating to crime in South Africa.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ In the definition of Van der Walt \"et al\", a crime is \"conduct which common or statute law prohibits and expressly or impliedly subjects to punishment remissible by the state alone and which the offender cannot avoid by his own act once he has been convicted.\"", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ Crime involves the infliction of harm against society.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ The function or object of criminal law is to provide a social mechanism with which to coerce members of society to abstain from conduct that is harmful to the interests of society.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ In South Africa, as in most adversarial legal systems, the standard of evidence required to validate a criminal conviction is proof beyond a reasonable doubt.", "Free will __knowledge__ Free will is the ability to choose between different possible courses of action unimpeded.", "Free will __knowledge__ Free will is closely linked to the concepts of responsibility, praise, guilt, sin, and other judgements which apply only to actions that are freely chosen.", "Free will __knowledge__ It is also connected with the concepts of advice, persuasion, deliberation, and prohibition.", "Free will __knowledge__ Traditionally, only actions that are freely willed are seen as deserving credit or blame.", "Free will __knowledge__ There are numerous different concerns about threats to the possibility of free will, varying by how exactly it is conceived, which is a matter of some debate.", "Free will __knowledge__ Some conceive free will to be the capacity to make choices in which the outcome has not been determined by past events.", "The Young and the Restless characters (1980s) __knowledge__ A list of notable characters from the CBS soap opera \"The Young and the Restless\" that significantly impacted storylines and debuted between January 1980 and December 1989.", "The Young and the Restless characters (1980s) __knowledge__ Julia Newman first appeared in February 1980 along with Victor Newman (Eric Braeden).", "The Young and the Restless characters (1980s) __knowledge__ She was portrayed by Meg Bennett until 1981, with reprise appearances from 1982 to 1984, 1986 to 1987, and lastly from March 1 to September 3, 2002.", "The Young and the Restless characters (1980s) __knowledge__ History On June 13, 1970, Julia and businessman Victor Newman (Eric Braeden) were married.", "The Young and the Restless characters (1980s) __knowledge__ Ten years later, she and Victor moved to Genoa City so that he could help run Chancellor Industries for Katherine Chancellor (Jeanne Cooper).", "Anomalous monism __knowledge__ Anomalous monism is a philosophical thesis about the mind–body relationship.", "Anomalous monism __knowledge__ It was first proposed by Donald Davidson in his 1970 paper \"Mental Events\".", "Anomalous monism __knowledge__ The theory is twofold and states that mental events are identical with physical events, and that the mental is anomalous, i.e.", "Anomalous monism __knowledge__ under their mental descriptions, relationships between these mental events are not describable by strict physical laws.", "Anomalous monism __knowledge__ Hence, Davidson proposes an identity theory of mind without the reductive bridge laws associated with the type-identity theory.", "Anomalous monism __knowledge__ Since the publication of his paper, Davidson has refined his thesis and both critics and supporters of anomalous monism have come up with their own characterizations of the thesis, many of which appear to differ from Davidson's.", "Philosophy of mind __knowledge__ Philosophy of mind is a branch of philosophy that studies the nature of the mind.", "Philosophy of mind __knowledge__ The mind–body problem is a paradigm issue in philosophy of mind, although other issues are addressed, such as the hard problem of consciousness, and the nature of particular mental states.", "Philosophy of mind __knowledge__ Aspects of the mind that are studied include mental events, mental functions, mental properties, consciousness, the ontology of the mind, the nature of thought, and the relationship of the mind to the body.", "Philosophy of mind __knowledge__ Dualism and monism are the two central schools of thought on the mind–body problem, although nuanced views have arisen that do not fit one or the other category neatly.", "Mind–body dualism __knowledge__ Mind–body dualism, or mind–body duality, is a view in the philosophy of mind that mental phenomena are, in some respects, non-physical, or that the mind and body are distinct and separable.", "Mind–body dualism __knowledge__ Thus, it encompasses a set of views about the relationship between mind and matter, and between subject and object, and is contrasted with other positions, such as physicalism and enactivism, in the mind–body problem.", "Mind–body dualism __knowledge__ Aristotle shared Plato's view of multiple souls and further elaborated a hierarchical arrangement, corresponding to the distinctive functions of plants, animals, and people: a nutritive soul of growth and metabolism that all three share; a perceptive soul of pain, pleasure, and desire that only people and other animals share; and the faculty of reason that is unique to people only.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of character summaries from the FX Networks television series, \"The Shield\".", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ Captain Monica Rawling is a fictional character from the FX television show \"The Shield\", played by Glenn Close, who received an Emmy nomination as Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series for her performance.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ Monica Rawling succeeded David Aceveda as Captain of the Farmington precinct.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ A morally strong woman, she tried to redeem Vic Mackey and Ronnie Gardocki by involving them in a controversial asset forfeiture program designed to clean up Farmington, by destroying the neighborhood drug trade.", "Shilha language __knowledge__ Shilha is a Berber language native to Shilha people.", "Shilha language __knowledge__ It is spoken by more than 4 million people in western Morocco.", "Shilha language __knowledge__ The endonym is Tašlḥiyt , and in recent English publications the language is often rendered \"Tashelhiyt\" or \"Tashelhit\".", "Shilha language __knowledge__ The alternative name Tasusiyt \"language of Sous\" has been gaining currency among native speakers.", "Shilha language __knowledge__ In Moroccan Arabic the language is called \"Šəlḥa\", from which the alternative English name \"Shilha\" is derived.", "Shilha language __knowledge__ In French sources the language is called \"tachelhit\", \"chelha\" or \"chleuh\".", "Shilha language __knowledge__ Shilha is spoken in an area covering c. 100,000 square kilometres, comprising the western part of the High Atlas mountains and the regions to the south up to the Draa River, including the Anti-Atlas and the alluvial basin of the Sous River.", "Onondaga language __knowledge__ Onondaga Nation Language (Onoñdaʔgegáʔ nigaweñoʔdeñʔ (, literally \"Onondaga is our language\") is the language of the Onondaga First Nation, one of the original five constituent tribes of the League of the Iroquois (Haudenosaunee).", "Onondaga language __knowledge__ This language is spoken in the United States and Canada, primarily on the reservation in central New York state, and near Brantford, Ontario.", "Onondaga language __knowledge__ The Onondaga Nation Language Center (called \"Ne' Eñhadiweñnayeñde'nha\"', or \"they will get to know the language\") has been engaged in language revitalization efforts since 2010.", "Onondaga language __knowledge__ Children learn the Onondaga language at Onondaga Nation School, and classes are also available for adults.", "Zulu grammar __knowledge__ Zulu grammar is typical for Bantu languages, bearing all the hallmarks of this language family.", "Zulu grammar __knowledge__ These include agglutinativity, a rich array of noun classes, extensive inflection for person (both subject and object), tense and aspect and a subject–verb–object word order.", "Zulu grammar __knowledge__ Zulu orthography does not indicate vowel length or tone, but it can be important to note this in a description of grammar.", "Zulu grammar __knowledge__ The following diacritical marks are used throughout this article to indicate aspects that the standard orthography fails to.", "Zulu grammar __knowledge__ The Zulu noun consists of two essential parts, the prefix and the stem.", "Zulu grammar __knowledge__ Nouns are grouped into noun classes based on the prefix they have, with each class having a number.", "United States Ship __knowledge__ United States Ship (abbreviated as USS or U.S.S.)", "United States Ship __knowledge__ is a ship prefix used to identify a commissioned ship of the United States Navy and applies to a ship only while it is in commission.", "United States Ship __knowledge__ Before commissioning, the vessel may be referred to as a \"pre-commissioning unit\" (PCU), but is officially referred to by name with no prefix.", "United States Ship __knowledge__ After decommissioning, it is referred to by name, with no prefix though commonly, people refer to those ships with the prefix Ex-U.S.S.", "United States Ship __knowledge__ In service but non-commissioned Navy ships go by the prefix USNS, which stands for United States Naval Ship.", "United States Ship __knowledge__ From the early beginnings of the U.S. Navy there had been no standard method of referring to U.S. Navy ships until 1907 when President Theodore Roosevelt issued Executive Order 549 on 8 January stating that all US Navy ships were to be referred to as \"The name of such vessel, preceded by the words, United States Ship, or the letters U.S.S., and by no other words or letters\".", "Otjiherero grammar __knowledge__ Otjiherero grammar is the grammar of the Herero language (Otjiherero), a Bantu language spoken primarily in Namibia.", "Otjiherero grammar __knowledge__ It includes several hallmarks of Bantu languages such as a large number of noun classes and the use of subject concords.", "Otjiherero grammar __knowledge__ Otjiherero includes the standard six personal pronouns, twenty-one noun classes for general nouns and three prepositions that can exhibit nominal properties.", "Otjiherero grammar __knowledge__ Nearly every noun belongs to a noun class.", "Otjiherero grammar __knowledge__ Nine main noun classes and one rare noun class are present.", "Otjiherero grammar __knowledge__ Each has a subclass for singular nouns and plural nouns.", "Otjiherero grammar __knowledge__ Each noun class has its own demonstrative, object pronoun, object concord, relative concords, possessive prefix and pronoun.", "Luganda __knowledge__ Luganda, or Ganda (, \"Oluganda\" ), is one of the major languages in Uganda and is spoken by more than five million Baganda and other people principally in central Uganda, including the capital Kampala of Uganda.", "Luganda __knowledge__ It belongs to the Bantu branch of the Niger–Congo language family.", "Luganda __knowledge__ Typologically, it is a highly-agglutinating language with subject–verb–object, word order and nominative–accusative morphosyntactic alignment.", "Luganda __knowledge__ With about four million first-language-speakers in the Buganda region and a million others fluent elsewhere, it is the most widely-spoken Ugandan language.", "Luganda __knowledge__ As a second language, it follows English and precedes Swahili.", "South African contract law __knowledge__ South African contract law is ‘essentially a modernised version of the Roman-Dutch law of contract’, which is itself rooted in canon and Roman laws.", "South African contract law __knowledge__ In the broadest definition, a contract is an agreement two or more parties enter into with the serious intention of creating a legal obligation.", "South African contract law __knowledge__ Contract law provides a legal framework within which persons can transact business and exchange resources, secure in the knowledge that the law will uphold their agreements and, if necessary, enforce them.", "South African contract law __knowledge__ The law of contract underpins private enterprise in South Africa and regulates it in the interest of fair dealing." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ex (relationship) __knowledge__ In social relationships, an ex (plural is exes) is someone with whom a person was once associated, in a relationship, marriage, or once talked to.", "Ex (relationship) __knowledge__ As a prefix, \"ex-\" can refer to a variety of different relationships; for example, one might refer to a music group's \"ex-guitarist\", or someone's \"ex-friend\".", "Ex (relationship) __knowledge__ When used alone, \"ex\" as a noun is assumed to refer to a former sexual or romantic partner, especially a former spouse.", "Ex (relationship) __knowledge__ This often has a derogatory tinge, especially if it refers to unrequited feelings.", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ This article is about placeholder names in various languages.", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ In Afrikaans, \"dinges\" ('thing'), \"goeters\" ('things'), \"watsenaam\" ('what's its name') are common placeholders.", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ A common placeholder name for a semi-mythological place - much the same as Timbuktu - is \"Pofadder\" (a real town).", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ A general term for a far away, remote/rural environment is \"Boendoe\".", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ \"Van die jaar toet\" (from the year \"tut\") is often used to indicate an unspecified, long time ago.", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ Arabic uses \"Fulan\", \"Fulana[h]\" (فلان / فلانة) and when a last name is needed it becomes \"Fulan AlFulani\", \"Fulana[h] AlFulaniyya[h]\" (فلان الفلاني / فلانة الفلانية).", "Chardal __knowledge__ Chardal (or Hardal; , acronym for , \"Charedi Le-umi\", lit., \"National Charedi\", plural \"Chardalim\") usually refers to the portion of the Religious Zionist Jewish community in Israel which inclines significantly toward Charedi ideology (whether in terms of outlook on the secular world, or is their stringent (machmir) approach to Halacha); however, it is sometimes used to refer to the portion of the Charedi Jewish community in Israel which inclines significantly toward Religious Zionist ideology.", "Chardal __knowledge__ It is a term coined by its opponents, and therefore, it still bears a somewhat derogatory tinge.", "Chardal __knowledge__ Most member of the communities described call themselves Torani (lit., \"Torah-oriented\") or Torani-Leumi.", "David Soknacki __knowledge__ David Soknacki (born September 9, 1954) is a Canadian municipal politician in Toronto, Ontario.", "David Soknacki __knowledge__ He was a councillor in Scarborough from 1994 to 1997 and then served as a Toronto City Councillor from 1999 to 2006 representing Ward 43 in the western half of the Scarborough East riding.", "David Soknacki __knowledge__ He was a candidate for Mayor of Toronto in the 2014 election.", "David Soknacki __knowledge__ Soknacki graduated from the University of Toronto with a Bachelor of Commerce degree in 1976.", "David Soknacki __knowledge__ In 1978, he received his MBA degree from the University of Western Ontario.", "David Soknacki __knowledge__ He moved to eastern Scarborough in 1963, and founded the Densgrove Park Community Association.", "Moral rights in United Kingdom law __knowledge__ Moral rights in United Kingdom law are parts of copyright law that protect the personal interests of the author of a copyrighted work, as well as the economic interests protected by other elements of copyright.", "Moral rights in United Kingdom law __knowledge__ Found in the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, the moral rights are the right to be identified as the author of a work, known as the right of paternity, the right to object to derogatory treatment of a work, known as the right of integrity, the right not to be identified as the author of someone else's work, and the right to privacy.", "Moral rights in United Kingdom law __knowledge__ The right of paternity exists for the entire copyright term, and requires individuals who commercially broadcast, sell, perform or exhibit literary, dramatic, musical or artistic works to identify the author of the work – but this does not apply to things such as typefaces, encyclopaedias or works subject to crown copyright.", "Spanish Tinge __knowledge__ The phrase Spanish tinge is a reference to an Afro-Latin rhythmic touch that spices up the more conventional rhythms commonly used in jazz and pop music.", "Spanish Tinge __knowledge__ The phrase is a quotation from Jelly Roll Morton.", "Spanish Tinge __knowledge__ In his Library of Congress recordings, after referencing the influence of his own French Creole culture in his music, he noted the Spanish (read Cuban) presence: What Morton described as a \"Spanish\" influence did not refer to Spanish culture.", "Spanish Tinge __knowledge__ What he called \"Spanish\" were the tresillo and habanera rhythms of the Cuban contradanza (\"habanera\").", "Spanish Tinge __knowledge__ Morton demonstrated the \"tinge\" to Alan Lomax in the 1938 Library of Congress recordings.", "Bridges in Kiev __knowledge__ Kiev, that historically was situated on the right bank of the Dnieper River, covers both banks of the river whose width, as it flows through the city, reaches some several hundred metres.", "Bridges in Kiev __knowledge__ Additionally, several tributaries fall into the Dnieper inside or just north or south of the historic city.", "Bridges in Kiev __knowledge__ Currently there are eight bridges spanning across the river and a few dozen bridges across the canals and Dnieper tributaries.", "Bridges in Kiev __knowledge__ Due to the location and the width of the river, the bridges have always been a very attractive and hard to realize option throughout the long history of Kiev.", "Bridges in Kiev __knowledge__ The temporary floater bridges were known to have existed since the 12th century.", "Arthur de Gobineau __knowledge__ Count Joseph Arthur de Gobineau (14 July 1816 – 13 October 1882) was a French aristocrat who was best known by his contemporaries as a novelist, diplomat and travel writer but is today most remembered for developing the theory of the Aryan master race and helping to legitimise racism by scientific racist theory and \"racial demography\".", "Arthur de Gobineau __knowledge__ Gobineau was an elitist who, in the immediate aftermath of the Revolutions of 1848, wrote a 1400-page book, \"An Essay on the Inequality of the Human Races\", in which he claimed that aristocrats were superior to commoners and that they possessed more Aryan genetic traits because of less interbreeding with inferior races (Alpines and Mediterraneans).", "Raymond W. Gibbs Jr. __knowledge__ Raymond W. Gibbs Jr. is a Psychology professor and researcher at the University of California, Santa Cruz.", "Raymond W. Gibbs Jr. __knowledge__ His research interests are in the fields of experimental psycholinguistics and cognitive science.", "Raymond W. Gibbs Jr. __knowledge__ His work concerns a range of theoretical issues, ranging from questions about the role of embodied experience in thought and language, to looking at people's use and understanding of figurative language (e.g., metaphor, irony, idioms).", "Raymond W. Gibbs Jr. __knowledge__ Raymond Gibbs research is especially focused on bodily experience and linguistic meaning.", "Raymond W. Gibbs Jr. __knowledge__ Much of his research is motivated by theories of meaning in philosophy, linguistics, and comparative literature.", "Vagina __knowledge__ In mammals, the vagina is the fibromuscular, tubular part of the female genital tract extending, in humans, from the vulva to the cervix.", "Vagina __knowledge__ The outer vaginal opening is normally partly covered by a membrane called the hymen.", "Vagina __knowledge__ At the deep end, the cervix (neck of the uterus) bulges into the vagina.", "Vagina __knowledge__ The vagina allows for sexual intercourse and childbirth, and channels menstrual flow (menses), which occurs as part of the monthly menstrual cycle.", "Vagina __knowledge__ The vagina's location and structure varies among species, and can vary in size.", "Vagina __knowledge__ Female mammals usually have two external openings in the vulva, the urethral opening for the urinary tract and the vaginal opening for the genital tract.", "Hijra (South Asia) __knowledge__ Hijra (for translations, see ) is a term given to eunuchs, intersex people, and transgender people in South Asia.", "Hijra (South Asia) __knowledge__ They are also known as \"Aravani\", \"Aruvani\" or \"Jagappa\".", "Hijra (South Asia) __knowledge__ In many languages of India, especially outside North-West India, other terms are used such as \"chhakka\".", "Hijra (South Asia) __knowledge__ \"Hijras\" are officially recognized as third gender in South Asian countries, being considered neither completely male nor female.", "Hijra (South Asia) __knowledge__ Hijras have a recorded history in the Indian subcontinent from antiquity onwards as suggested by the Kama Sutra period.", "Hijra (South Asia) __knowledge__ Many \"hijras\" live in well-defined and organised all-\"hijra\" communities, led by a guru.", "Cleveland Indians name and logo controversy __knowledge__ As part of the Native American mascot controversy, the Cleveland Indians logo, Chief Wahoo, has drawn particular criticism from some activist groups as an offensive racial caricature.", "Cleveland Indians name and logo controversy __knowledge__ However the use of \"Indians\" as the name of a team is also part of the controversy which has led over 115 activists groups to publish resolutions or policies that state that any use of Native American names and/or symbols by non-native sports teams is a harmful form of ethnic stereotyping that promote misunderstanding and prejudice which contributes to other problems faced by Native Americans.", "Cleveland Indians name and logo controversy __knowledge__ A few Native Americans have been protesting and taking other actions opposing the name and logo since the 1970s." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ex (relationship) __knowledge__ In social relationships, an ex (plural is exes) is someone with whom a person was once associated, in a relationship, marriage, or once talked to.", "Ex (relationship) __knowledge__ As a prefix, \"ex-\" can refer to a variety of different relationships; for example, one might refer to a music group's \"ex-guitarist\", or someone's \"ex-friend\".", "Ex (relationship) __knowledge__ When used alone, \"ex\" as a noun is assumed to refer to a former sexual or romantic partner, especially a former spouse.", "Ex (relationship) __knowledge__ This often has a derogatory tinge, especially if it refers to unrequited feelings.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of character summaries from the FX Networks television series, \"The Shield\".", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ Captain Monica Rawling is a fictional character from the FX television show \"The Shield\", played by Glenn Close, who received an Emmy nomination as Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series for her performance.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ Monica Rawling succeeded David Aceveda as Captain of the Farmington precinct.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ A morally strong woman, she tried to redeem Vic Mackey and Ronnie Gardocki by involving them in a controversial asset forfeiture program designed to clean up Farmington, by destroying the neighborhood drug trade.", "Science of Logic __knowledge__ Science of Logic (SL; , WL), first published between 1812 and 1816, is the work in which Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel outlined his vision of logic.", "Science of Logic __knowledge__ Hegel's logic is a system of \"dialectics\", i.e., a dialectical metaphysics: It is a development of the principle that thought and being constitute a single and active unity.", "Science of Logic __knowledge__ \"Science of Logic\" also incorporates the traditional Aristotelian syllogism: It is conceived as a phase of the “original unity of thought and being” rather than as a detached, formal instrument of inference.", "Science of Logic __knowledge__ For Hegel, the most important achievement of German idealism, starting with Immanuel Kant and culminating in his own philosophy, was the argument that reality (\"being\") is shaped through and through by thought and is, in a strong sense, identical to thought.", "Popularity __knowledge__ In sociology, the popularity of a person, idea, item or other concept can be defined in terms of liking, attraction, dominance and superiority.", "Popularity __knowledge__ With respect to interpersonal popularity, there are two primary divisions: perceived and sociometric.", "Popularity __knowledge__ According to psychologist Tessa Lansu at the Radboud University Nijmegen, \"Popularity [has] to do with being the middle point of a group and having influence on it.\"", "Popularity __knowledge__ The term \"Popularity\" is borrowed from the Latin term \"popularis\", which originally meant \"common.\"", "Popularity __knowledge__ The current definition of the word popular, the \"fact or condition of being well liked by the people\", was first seen in 1601.", "Social network analysis __knowledge__ Social network analysis (SNA) is the process of investigating social structures through the use of networks and graph theory.", "Social network analysis __knowledge__ It characterizes networked structures in terms of \"nodes\" (individual actors, people, or things within the network) and the \"ties\", \"edges\", or \"links\" (relationships or interactions) that connect them.", "Social network analysis __knowledge__ Examples of social structures commonly visualized through social network analysis include social media networks, memes spread, friendship and acquaintance networks, collaboration graphs, kinship, disease transmission, and sexual relationships.", "Social network analysis __knowledge__ These networks are often visualized through \"sociograms\" in which nodes are represented as points and ties are represented as lines.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "Negative relationship __knowledge__ In statistics, there is a negative relationship or inverse relationship between two variables if higher values of one variable tend to be associated with lower values of the other.", "Negative relationship __knowledge__ A negative relationship between two variables usually implies that the correlation between them is negative, or—what is in some contexts equivalent— that the slope in a corresponding graph is negative.", "Negative relationship __knowledge__ A negative correlation between variables is also called anticorrelation or inverse correlation.", "Negative relationship __knowledge__ An example would be a negative cross-sectional relationship between illness and vaccination, if it is observed that where the incidence of one is higher than average, the incidence of the other tends to be lower than average.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Yes and no, or word pairs with a similar usage , are expressions of the affirmative and the negative, respectively, in several languages including English.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages make distinction between answers to affirmative versus negative questions, thus may have triplet or quadruplets of words instead.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ English originally used a four-form system up to and including Early Middle English but Modern English has reduced this to a two-form system consisting of just 'yes' and 'no'.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ It exists in eye blink communication, Morse Code, sign language, and maybe in color coded flag communication.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages do not answer yes–no questions with single words meaning 'yes' or 'no'.", "Infidelity __knowledge__ Infidelity (synonyms include: cheating, adultery (when married), netorare (NTR), being unfaithful, or having an affair) is a violation of a couple's assumed or stated contract regarding emotional and/or sexual exclusivity.", "Infidelity __knowledge__ Other scholars define infidelity as a violation according to the subjective feeling that one's partner has violated a set of rules or relationship norms; this violation results in feelings of sexual jealousy and rivalry.", "Infidelity __knowledge__ What constitutes an act of infidelity depends upon the exclusivity expectations within the relationship.", "Infidelity __knowledge__ In marital relationships, exclusivity expectations are commonly assumed although they are not always met.", "Relational transgression __knowledge__ Relational transgressions occur when people violate implicit or explicit relational rules.", "Relational transgression __knowledge__ These transgressions include a wide variety of behaviors.", "Relational transgression __knowledge__ Scholars tend to delineate relational transgressions into three categories or approaches.", "Relational transgression __knowledge__ The first approach focuses on the aspect of certain behaviors as a violation of relational norms and rules.", "Relational transgression __knowledge__ The second approach focuses on the interpretive consequences of certain behaviors, particularly the degree to which they hurt the victim, imply disregard for the victim, and imply disregard for the relationship.", "Relational transgression __knowledge__ The third and final approach focuses more specifically on behaviors that constitute infidelity (a common form of relational transgression).", "List of Galaxy Angel characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the game, anime and manga involved in BROCCOLI's \"Galaxy Angel\" and its sequel, \"Galaxy Angel II\".", "List of Galaxy Angel characters __knowledge__ Many of the character names are related to food, liquor and desserts.", "List of Galaxy Angel characters __knowledge__ In the sequel Galaxy Angel II many characters from the first trilogy appear.", "List of Galaxy Angel characters __knowledge__ In the anime A 17-year-old, selfless pink-haired girl who has an incredible amount of good luck with extremely bad luck periodically to counter it.", "List of Galaxy Angel characters __knowledge__ The bad luck can cause disastrous outcomes like destroying a whole planet or even an entire galaxy.", "List of Galaxy Angel characters __knowledge__ Strangely enough, this could be minimized if Milfeulle is happy at those days.", "Adolescence __knowledge__ Adolescence () is a transitional stage of physical and psychological development that generally occurs during the period from puberty to legal adulthood (age of majority).", "Adolescence __knowledge__ Adolescence is usually associated with the teenage years, but its physical, psychological or cultural expressions may begin earlier and end later.", "Adolescence __knowledge__ For example, puberty now typically begins during preadolescence, particularly in females.", "Adolescence __knowledge__ Physical growth (particularly in males), and cognitive development can extend into the early twenties.", "Adolescence __knowledge__ Thus age provides only a rough marker of adolescence, and scholars have found it difficult to agree upon a precise definition of adolescence.", "Asexuality __knowledge__ Asexuality is the lack of sexual attraction to others, or low or absent interest in or desire for sexual activity.", "Asexuality __knowledge__ It may be considered the lack of a sexual orientation, or one of the variations thereof, alongside heterosexuality, homosexuality and bisexuality.", "Asexuality __knowledge__ It may also be an umbrella term used to categorize a broader spectrum of various asexual sub-identities.", "Asexuality __knowledge__ Asexuality is distinct from abstention from sexual activity and from celibacy, which are behavioral and generally motivated by factors such as an individual's personal or religious beliefs.", "Asexuality __knowledge__ Sexual orientation, unlike sexual behavior, is believed to be \"enduring\".", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ Self-disclosure is a process of communication by which one person reveals information about himself or herself to another.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ The information can be descriptive or evaluative, and can include thoughts, feelings, aspirations, goals, failures, successes, fears, and dreams, as well as one's likes, dislikes, and favorites.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ Social penetration theory posits that there are two dimensions to self-disclosure: breadth and depth.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ Both are crucial in developing a fully intimate relationship.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ The range of topics discussed by two individuals is the breadth of disclosure.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ The degree to which the information revealed is private or personal is the depth of that disclosure.", "List of Suits characters __knowledge__ \"Suits\" is an American legal drama created by Aaron Korsh and premiered on USA Network in June 2011.", "List of Suits characters __knowledge__ The series revolves around Harvey Specter (Gabriel Macht), a senior partner at a top law firm in Manhattan, and his recently hired associate attorney Mike Ross (Patrick J. Adams) as they hide the fact that Mike does not have a law degree.", "List of Suits characters __knowledge__ Each episode focuses on a single legal case and its challenges while examining the work environment of the firm, Mike's and Harvey's personal relationships, and problems stemming from Mike's lack of a degree.", "List of Suits characters __knowledge__ The rest of the starring cast portray other employees at the firm: Louis Litt (Rick Hoffman), Rachel Zane (Meghan Markle), a paralegal who develops feelings for Mike; Donna Paulsen (Sarah Rafferty), Harvey's long-time legal secretary, close friend, and confidant; and Jessica Pearson (Gina Torres), the co-founder and managing partner of the firm." ] ]

[ 2, 4, 0, 1 ]

[ "that depends, as a prefix ex can refer to a variety of relationships. ", "I think most people understand that. As it is often used as a derogatory tinge. ", "Well, its usually not positive. sometimes its assumed to be a former romantic partner or spouse. ", "And it you say exes, you are now talking plural, so that is a lot of them. " ]

[ "Ex (relationship)", "Ex (relationship)", "Ex (relationship)", "Ex (relationship)" ]

[ "Jim Carrey\nAre you a fan of Jim Carrey?", "It's hard to pick, but Bruce Almighty is a favorite!", "I've never actually seen that one, what is it about?", "Oh wow, what is the alter ego like?", "Yes, but it has been awhile! Do you like it?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Jim Carrey __knowledge__ James Eugene Carrey (; born January 17, 1962) is a Canadian-American actor, comedian, impressionist, screenwriter, and producer.", "Jim Carrey __knowledge__ He is known for his energetic slapstick performances.", "Jim Carrey __knowledge__ Carrey first gained recognition in America in 1990 after landing a recurring role in the sketch comedy television series \"In Living Color\".", "Jim Carrey __knowledge__ His first leading roles in major productions came with \"\" (1994), \"Dumb and Dumber\" (1994), \"The Mask\" (1994), and \"\" (1995), as well as a supporting role in \"Batman Forever\" (1995) and a lead role in \"Liar Liar\" (1997).", "Jim Carrey __knowledge__ He gained critical acclaim starring in serious roles in \"The Truman Show\" (1998) and \"Man on the Moon\" (1999), with each garnering him a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor.", "Jim Carrey __knowledge__ In the 2000s, he gained further popularity for his portrayal of the Grinch in \"How the Grinch Stole Christmas\" and for the comedy \"Me, Myself & Irene\" (both in 2000), as well as \"Bruce Almighty\" (2003), \"Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind\" (2004) for which he was nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role, \"Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events\" (2004), \"Fun with Dick and Jane\" (2005), \"Yes Man\" (2008), \"Horton Hears a Who!\"", "Jim Carrey __knowledge__ (2008) and \"A Christmas Carol\" (2009).", "How the Grinch Stole Christmas (2000 film) __knowledge__ How the Grinch Stole Christmas (or Dr. Seuss' How the Grinch Stole Christmas; also promoted theatrically as The Grinch) is a 2000 American Christmas comedy film directed by Ron Howard and written by Jeffrey Price and Peter S. Seaman based on the 1957 story of the same name by Dr. Seuss.", "How the Grinch Stole Christmas (2000 film) __knowledge__ The film was released by Universal Pictures on November 17, 2000.", "How the Grinch Stole Christmas (2000 film) __knowledge__ It was the first Dr. Seuss book to be adapted into a full-length feature film.", "How the Grinch Stole Christmas (2000 film) __knowledge__ Because the film is based on a children's picture book, many additions were made to the storyline to bring it up to feature-length, including some information about the backstory of the title character and reworking the story's minor character Cindy Lou Who as a main character.", "The Cable Guy __knowledge__ The Cable Guy is a 1996 American comedy thriller film directed by Ben Stiller, starring Jim Carrey and Matthew Broderick.", "The Cable Guy __knowledge__ It was released in the United States on June 14, 1996.", "The Cable Guy __knowledge__ The film co stars Leslie Mann, Jack Black, George Segal, Diane Baker, Eric Roberts, Owen Wilson, Janeane Garofalo, David Cross, Andy Dick, Amy Stiller, and Bob Odenkirk.", "The Cable Guy __knowledge__ Despite a modest commercial reception, the movie received mixed reviews.", "The Cable Guy __knowledge__ Over the years, the film has been considered by many as one of the most underrated works of Jim Carrey and Ben Stiller.", "The Cable Guy __knowledge__ After a failed marriage proposal to his girlfriend Robin Harris, Steven M. Kovacs moves into his own apartment.", "Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events __knowledge__ Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events is a 2004 American dark fantasy comedy film directed by Brad Silberling.", "Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events __knowledge__ It is a film adaptation of \"A Series of Unfortunate Events\" by Lemony Snicket, covering the first three novels \"The Bad Beginning\", \"The Reptile Room\", and \"The Wide Window\".", "Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events __knowledge__ The film stars Jim Carrey, Liam Aiken, Emily Browning, Timothy Spall, Catherine O'Hara, Billy Connolly, Cedric the Entertainer, Luis Guzmán, Jennifer Coolidge and Meryl Streep, as well as Jude Law as the voice of Lemony Snicket.", "Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events __knowledge__ Nickelodeon Movies purchased the film rights to Daniel Handler's book series in 2000 and soon began development of a film with Barry Sonnenfeld attached to direct.", "Yes Man (film) __knowledge__ Yes Man is a 2008 British-American comedy film directed by Peyton Reed, written by Nicholas Stoller, Jarrad Paul, and Andrew Mogel and starring Jim Carrey and co-starring Zooey Deschanel.", "Yes Man (film) __knowledge__ The film is based loosely on the 2005 book of the same name by British humorist Danny Wallace, who also makes a cameo appearance in the film.", "Yes Man (film) __knowledge__ The film was a box office success, but received mixed reviews from critics.", "Yes Man (film) __knowledge__ It was released on December 19, 2008, opening at No.", "Yes Man (film) __knowledge__ 1 at the box office in its first weekend with $18.3 million and was then released in the United Kingdom on December 26, 2008, going straight to the top of the box office in its first weekend after release.", "Dumb and Dumber To __knowledge__ Dumb and Dumber To is a 2014 American comedy film co-written and directed by Bobby and Peter Farrelly.", "Dumb and Dumber To __knowledge__ It is the third film in the \"Dumb and Dumber\" film series and a direct sequel to the 1994 film \"Dumb and Dumber\".", "Dumb and Dumber To __knowledge__ It stars Jim Carrey and Jeff Daniels reprising their roles 20 years after the events of the first film, and also features Rob Riggle, Laurie Holden and Kathleen Turner.", "Dumb and Dumber To __knowledge__ The film tells the story of Lloyd Christmas and Harry Dunne (played by Carrey and Daniels, respectively), two dimwitted but good-natured adults who set out on a cross-country road trip to locate Harry's daughter who has been adopted.", "The Mask (film) __knowledge__ The Mask is a 1994 American superhero dark fantasy comedy film directed by Charles Russell, produced by Bob Engelman, and written by Mike Werb, based on the comic series of the same name published by Dark Horse Comics.", "The Mask (film) __knowledge__ The film stars Jim Carrey, Peter Greene, Amy Yasbeck, Peter Riegert, Richard Jeni, Ben Stein, Joely Fisher, and Cameron Diaz in her film debut.", "The Mask (film) __knowledge__ It revolves around an unlucky bank clerk finding a mask that grants the wearer cartoon-like superpowers.", "The Mask (film) __knowledge__ The film was released on July 29, 1994 by New Line Cinema, becoming a critical and commercial success, grossing over $351.6 million over a $23 million budget and receiving positive reviews." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Jim Carrey __knowledge__ James Eugene Carrey (; born January 17, 1962) is a Canadian-American actor, comedian, impressionist, screenwriter, and producer.", "Jim Carrey __knowledge__ He is known for his energetic slapstick performances.", "Jim Carrey __knowledge__ Carrey first gained recognition in America in 1990 after landing a recurring role in the sketch comedy television series \"In Living Color\".", "Jim Carrey __knowledge__ His first leading roles in major productions came with \"\" (1994), \"Dumb and Dumber\" (1994), \"The Mask\" (1994), and \"\" (1995), as well as a supporting role in \"Batman Forever\" (1995) and a lead role in \"Liar Liar\" (1997).", "Jim Carrey __knowledge__ He gained critical acclaim starring in serious roles in \"The Truman Show\" (1998) and \"Man on the Moon\" (1999), with each garnering him a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor.", "Jim Carrey __knowledge__ In the 2000s, he gained further popularity for his portrayal of the Grinch in \"How the Grinch Stole Christmas\" and for the comedy \"Me, Myself & Irene\" (both in 2000), as well as \"Bruce Almighty\" (2003), \"Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind\" (2004) for which he was nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role, \"Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events\" (2004), \"Fun with Dick and Jane\" (2005), \"Yes Man\" (2008), \"Horton Hears a Who!\"", "Jim Carrey __knowledge__ (2008) and \"A Christmas Carol\" (2009).", "Evan Almighty __knowledge__ Evan Almighty is a 2007 American fantasy comedy film and the stand-alone sequel and spin-off of \"Bruce Almighty\" (2003).", "Evan Almighty __knowledge__ The film was directed by Tom Shadyac, written by Steve Oedekerk, based on the characters created by Steve Koren and Mark O'Keefe from the original film, and starring Steve Carell, Morgan Freeman, Lauren Graham and John Goodman.", "Evan Almighty __knowledge__ Production of the film began in January 2006.", "Evan Almighty __knowledge__ Several visual effect companies were used to provide CGI for the numerous animals and the climactic flood scene.", "Evan Almighty __knowledge__ The main plot is a modern-day retelling of Noah's Ark.", "Evan Almighty __knowledge__ By the time the film had completed production, it had become the most expensive comedy film ever at the time; it was later overtaken by \"Men in Black 3\".", "Bruce Almighty __knowledge__ Bruce Almighty is a 2003 American high-concept comedy film directed by Tom Shadyac, written by Steve Koren, Mark O'Keefe and Steve Oedekerk and stars Jim Carrey as Bruce Nolan, a down-on-his-luck TV reporter who complains to God (Morgan Freeman) that he is not doing his job correctly, and is offered the chance to try being God himself for one week.", "Bruce Almighty __knowledge__ This is Shadyac and Carrey's third collaboration, having previously worked together on \"\" in 1994 and \"Liar Liar\" in 1997.", "Bruce Almighty __knowledge__ It co-stars Jennifer Aniston, Lisa Ann Walter, Philip Baker Hall and Steve Carell.", "Bruce Almighty __knowledge__ When released in American theaters in May 2003, it took the #1 spot at the box office, grossing $85.9 million—higher than the release of \"Pearl Harbor,\" making it the second-highest-rated Memorial Day weekend opening of any film in motion picture history (until the release of \"\" in 2006).", "Tom Shadyac __knowledge__ Thomas Peter Shadyac (born December 11, 1958) is an American director, screenwriter, producer and author.", "Tom Shadyac __knowledge__ Shadyac, who was the youngest joke-writer ever for comedian Bob Hope, is widely known for writing and directing the comedy films \"\", \"The Nutty Professor\", \"Liar Liar\", and \"Bruce Almighty\".", "Tom Shadyac __knowledge__ In 2010, Shadyac departed from comedic work to write, direct, and narrate the documentary film \"I Am\", in which he explores his abandonment of a materialistic lifestyle following a bicycle accident three years earlier.", "Tom Shadyac __knowledge__ Shadyac is a former adjunct professor of communication at Pepperdine University's Seaver College.", "Morgan Freeman __knowledge__ Morgan Freeman (born June 1, 1937) is an American actor, producer and narrator.", "Morgan Freeman __knowledge__ Freeman won an Academy Award in 2005 for Best Supporting Actor with \"Million Dollar Baby\" (2004), and he has received Oscar nominations for his performances in \"Street Smart\" (1987), \"Driving Miss Daisy\" (1989), \"The Shawshank Redemption\" (1994) and \"Invictus\" (2009).", "Morgan Freeman __knowledge__ He has also won a Golden Globe Award and a Screen Actors Guild Award.", "Morgan Freeman __knowledge__ Freeman has appeared in many other box office hits, including \"Glory\" (1989), \"\" (1991), \"Seven\" (1995), \"Deep Impact\" (1998), \"The Sum of All Fears\" (2002), \"Bruce Almighty\" (2003), \"The Dark Knight Trilogy\" (2005–2012), \"Wanted\" (2008), \"RED\" (2010), \"Now You See Me\" (2013), \"The Lego Movie\" (2014), and \"Lucy\" (2014).", "Almighty Records __knowledge__ Almighty Records is an English electronic dance music record label established in 1989.", "Almighty Records __knowledge__ Almighty Records specialises in pop song remixes, dance-pop, and hi-NRG.", "Almighty Records __knowledge__ The label's record producers, Almighty Associates, have remixed such performers as Rihanna, Cher, Katy Perry, Beyoncé, Jennifer Lopez, Diana Ross, Donna Summer, Elton John, Elvis Presley, Enrique Iglesias, Kelly Clarkson, Kylie Minogue, LeAnn Rimes, Nelly Furtado, Ricky Martin, Shakira, Shania Twain, Sheena Easton, Usher, Whitney Houston, Adam Lambert and Liza Fox.", "Almighty Records __knowledge__ Almighty Records' sublabels include Blast Records, Daisy Chain, East Side Records, Euphoric, Unit 4 Productions.", "Steve Oedekerk __knowledge__ Steven Brent \"Steve\" Oedekerk (born November 27, 1961) is an American comedian, director, editor, producer, screenwriter and actor.", "Steve Oedekerk __knowledge__ Oedekerk is best known for his collaborations with actor Jim Carrey and director Tom Shadyac (particularly the \"Ace Ventura\" franchise), his series of \"Thumbmation\" shorts and his film \"\" (2002).", "Steve Oedekerk __knowledge__ Oedekerk was raised in Huntington Beach, California He attended Mater Dei High School in Santa Ana, California and Golden West College in Huntington Beach.", "Steve Oedekerk __knowledge__ Throughout his career, Oedekerk has appeared in and created several television specials for NBC, ABC, and UPN.", "Steve Oedekerk __knowledge__ He also contributed his writing talents to FOX during the late 1980s and through the early 1990s.", "Jennifer Aniston __knowledge__ Jennifer Joanna Aniston (born February 11, 1969) is an American actress, producer, and businesswoman.", "Jennifer Aniston __knowledge__ She is the daughter of Greek-born actor John Aniston and American actress Nancy Dow.", "Jennifer Aniston __knowledge__ Aniston gained worldwide recognition for portraying Rachel Green on the television sitcom \"Friends\" (1994–2004), a role which earned her a Primetime Emmy Award, a Golden Globe Award, and a Screen Actors Guild Award.", "Jennifer Aniston __knowledge__ The character was widely popular during the airing of the series and was later recognized as one of the 100 greatest female characters in United States television.", "Jennifer Aniston __knowledge__ Aniston has played the female protagonist in a number of comedies and romantic comedies.", "On Our Selection (1912 play) __knowledge__ On Our Selection is a 1912 Australian play by Bert Bailey and Edmund Duggan based on the stories of Steele Rudd.", "On Our Selection (1912 play) __knowledge__ Bailey played Dad Rudd in the original production.", "On Our Selection (1912 play) __knowledge__ The play consists of four acts.", "On Our Selection (1912 play) __knowledge__ It starts with the selection of Dad Rudd in the grip of drought.", "On Our Selection (1912 play) __knowledge__ His neighbour John Carey seizes his stock for a debt, partly to get revenge for Dad having secured an adjoining piece of land coveted by Carey.", "On Our Selection (1912 play) __knowledge__ Carey's playboy son Jim is romantically interested in Dad's daughter Kate and follows her to Brisbane.", "On Our Selection (1912 play) __knowledge__ Kate returns home to escape Jim Carey, who follows her home.", "On Our Selection (1912 play) __knowledge__ There is an encounter between Jim Carey, Kate and Kate's boyfriend Sandy which results in Sandy knocking Carey unconscious.", "James B. Carey __knowledge__ James Barron Carey (August 12, 1911 – September 11, 1973) was a 20th-century American labor union leader; secretary-treasurer of the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) (1938–55); vice-president of AFL–CIO (from 1955); served as president of the United Electrical Workers (UE) (1936–41) but broke with it because of its alleged Communist control.", "James B. Carey __knowledge__ He was the founder and president (1950–65) of the rival International Union of Electrical, Radio, and Machine Workers.", "James B. Carey __knowledge__ President Truman appointed Carey to the President's Committee on Civil Rights in 1946.", "James B. Carey __knowledge__ Carey was labor representative to the United Nations Association (1965–72).", "Mariah Carey __knowledge__ Mariah Carey (born March 27, 1969 or 1970) is an American singer, songwriter, record producer and actress.", "Mariah Carey __knowledge__ After signing to Columbia Records, she released her debut album, \"Mariah Carey\" (1990), which spawned four number-one singles on the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart: \"Vision of Love\", \"Love Takes Time\", \"Someday\", and \"I Don't Wanna Cry\".", "Mariah Carey __knowledge__ Following her marriage to Sony Music head Tommy Mottola, Carey became the label's highest-selling act with the albums \"Music Box\" (1993), \"Merry Christmas\" (1994), and \"Daydream\" (1995).", "Mariah Carey __knowledge__ These albums spawned a string of successful singles including the international number-one \"Without You\", holiday track \"All I Want for Christmas Is You\", and \"One Sweet Day\", which became the longest-running U.S. number-one single in history with a total of 16 weeks.", "William Carey (missionary) __knowledge__ William Carey (17 August 1761 – 9 June 1834) was a British Christian missionary, Particular Baptist minister, translator, social reformer and cultural anthropologist who founded the Serampore College and the Serampore University, the first degree awarding University in India.", "William Carey (missionary) __knowledge__ He went to Kolkata (India) in 1793, but was forced to leave the British Indian territory by non-Baptist Christian missionaries.", "William Carey (missionary) __knowledge__ He joined the Baptist missionaries in the Danish colony of Frederiksnagar in India (Serampore).", "William Carey (missionary) __knowledge__ One of his first contributions was to start schools for impoverished children where they were taught reading, writing, accounting and Christianity.", "Jim Carey (ice hockey) __knowledge__ James M. Carey (born May 31, 1974) is a retired American ice hockey goaltender who played for the Washington Capitals, Boston Bruins, and St. Louis Blues in the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Jim Carey (ice hockey) __knowledge__ Carey was born in Dorchester, Massachusetts, but grew up in Weymouth, Massachusetts.", "Jim Carey (ice hockey) __knowledge__ Carey debuted his hockey career in college with the Wisconsin Badgers in 1992.", "Jim Carey (ice hockey) __knowledge__ Jim Carey was the highest drafted goalie in the 1992 NHL Entry Draft, taken in the 2nd round, 32nd overall by the Washington Capitals.", "Jim Carey (ice hockey) __knowledge__ Before coming to Washington, Carey played in the World Junior Ice Hockey Championships in 1993 and played in the AHL with the Portland Pirates.", "1994–95 Washington Capitals season __knowledge__ The 1994–95 Washington Capitals season was the team's 21st season of play.", "1994–95 Washington Capitals season __knowledge__ After stumbling to a 3–10–5 record by February 28, the Capitals caught a break in bringing up 20-year-old rookie goaltender Jim Carey from the Portland Pirates for their March 2 game against the New York Islanders.", "1994–95 Washington Capitals season __knowledge__ The Capitals edged the Islanders 4–3 and Carey made 21 saves.", "1994–95 Washington Capitals season __knowledge__ Carey would finish his rookie season with an impressive 18–6–3 record, a 2.13 goals against average (GAA) and four shutouts.", "1994–95 Washington Capitals season __knowledge__ With the help of Carey's superb goaltending, Washington would go on to win 19 of their final 30 games and finish in sixth place in the Eastern Conference, with a 22–18–8 record for 52 points.", "Monkstown Hockey Club __knowledge__ Monkstown Hockey Club ('town; Irish \"Cumann Haca Baile na Manach\") established in 1894 is one of the oldest in Ireland located at Rathdown School in Dun Laoghaire, County Dublin.", "Monkstown Hockey Club __knowledge__ The club has both men's and ladies' sections.", "Monkstown Hockey Club __knowledge__ In 2016, the club merged with Hermes Ladies' Hockey Club.", "Monkstown Hockey Club __knowledge__ The concept and formation of the club came from Mr C. P. Ball and Mr H. S. Findlater.", "Monkstown Hockey Club __knowledge__ In response to circulars sent out by them a meeting was held in Kenny's Hotel, Kingstown (now Dun Laoghaire), on 17 September 1894.", "Monkstown Hockey Club __knowledge__ Robert Rice chaired the meeting and in addition to the above named the following also attended: L. G. Barrett, J. W. Ball, W. B. Mitchell, J. D. Freeman, J. W. Galloway, R. G. Boughton, F. Burke, E. C. Wright, F. O. Norwood, C. Barker, C. McCullagh, F. Irwin, W. M. McBlaine, H. Pim, and W. Mercer." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Jim Carrey __knowledge__ James Eugene Carrey (; born January 17, 1962) is a Canadian-American actor, comedian, impressionist, screenwriter, and producer.", "Jim Carrey __knowledge__ He is known for his energetic slapstick performances.", "Jim Carrey __knowledge__ Carrey first gained recognition in America in 1990 after landing a recurring role in the sketch comedy television series \"In Living Color\".", "Jim Carrey __knowledge__ His first leading roles in major productions came with \"\" (1994), \"Dumb and Dumber\" (1994), \"The Mask\" (1994), and \"\" (1995), as well as a supporting role in \"Batman Forever\" (1995) and a lead role in \"Liar Liar\" (1997).", "Jim Carrey __knowledge__ He gained critical acclaim starring in serious roles in \"The Truman Show\" (1998) and \"Man on the Moon\" (1999), with each garnering him a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor.", "Jim Carrey __knowledge__ In the 2000s, he gained further popularity for his portrayal of the Grinch in \"How the Grinch Stole Christmas\" and for the comedy \"Me, Myself & Irene\" (both in 2000), as well as \"Bruce Almighty\" (2003), \"Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind\" (2004) for which he was nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role, \"Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events\" (2004), \"Fun with Dick and Jane\" (2005), \"Yes Man\" (2008), \"Horton Hears a Who!\"", "Jim Carrey __knowledge__ (2008) and \"A Christmas Carol\" (2009).", "Whatever Happened to the Likely Lads? __knowledge__ Whatever Happened to the Likely Lads?", "Whatever Happened to the Likely Lads? __knowledge__ is a British sitcom which was broadcast between 9 January 1973 and 9 April 1974 on BBC1.", "Whatever Happened to the Likely Lads? __knowledge__ It was the colour sequel to the mid-1960s hit \"The Likely Lads\".", "Whatever Happened to the Likely Lads? __knowledge__ It was created and written, as was its predecessor, by Dick Clement and Ian La Frenais.", "Whatever Happened to the Likely Lads? __knowledge__ There were 26 television episodes over two series; and a subsequent 45-minute Christmas special was aired on 24 December 1974.", "Whatever Happened to the Likely Lads? __knowledge__ The cast were reunited in 1975 for a BBC radio adaptation of series 1, transmitted on Radio 4 from July to October that year.", "Whatever Happened to the Likely Lads? __knowledge__ In 1976, a feature film spin-off was made.", "Whatever Happened to the Likely Lads? __knowledge__ Around the time of its release, however, Rodney Bewes and James Bolam fell out over a misunderstanding involving the press and did not speak again until Bewes' death in November 2017.", "Mary Jane Watson __knowledge__ Mary Jane \"M.J.\" Watson is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Mary Jane Watson __knowledge__ Created by Stan Lee and John Romita, Sr.", "Mary Jane Watson __knowledge__ The character made her first appearance in The Amazing Spider-Man #25.", "Mary Jane Watson __knowledge__ Since then she has gone on to become Peter Parker’s main love interest and later his wife.", "Mary Jane Watson __knowledge__ The character has been portrayed by Kirsten Dunst in the three \"Spider-Man\" feature films directed by Sam Raimi (2002–2007) and by Shailene Woodley in deleted scenes of the 2014 film \"The Amazing Spider-Man 2\".", "Mary Jane Watson __knowledge__ Mary Jane Watson, is first mentioned in \"The Amazing Spider-Man\" #15 (August 1964), and is initially used as a running joke of the series, as Peter Parker's Aunt May repeatedly attempts to set her unwilling nephew up on a date with her.", "Tintin (character) __knowledge__ Tintin () is the fictional hero of \"The Adventures of Tintin\", the comics series by Belgian cartoonist Hergé.", "Tintin (character) __knowledge__ He is a reporter and adventurer who travels around the world with his dog Snowy.", "Tintin (character) __knowledge__ The character was created in 1929 and introduced in ', a weekly youth supplement to the Belgian newspaper '.", "Tintin (character) __knowledge__ He appears as a young man, around 14 to 19 years old with a round face and quiff hairstyle.", "Tintin (character) __knowledge__ Tintin has a sharp intellect, can defend himself, and is honest, decent, compassionate, and kind.", "Tintin (character) __knowledge__ Through his investigative reporting, quick-thinking, and all-around good nature, Tintin is always able to solve the mystery and complete the adventure.", "List of The King of Braves GaoGaiGar characters __knowledge__ This is an index of characters and mecha in the anime and manga \"The King of Braves GaoGaiGar\" and \"The King of Braves GaoGaiGar FINAL\".", "List of The King of Braves GaoGaiGar characters __knowledge__ A brave man with tremendous courage and enthusiasm, and the strength to never give up for the sake of life—even at the possible cost of his own.", "List of The King of Braves GaoGaiGar characters __knowledge__ Former astronaut and test pilot for the Space Development Corporation.", "List of The King of Braves GaoGaiGar characters __knowledge__ In 2003, he had been in orbit testing an experimental space shuttle when an extraterrestrial object (later classified as EI-01) suddenly appeared in his flight path, smashing his shuttle out of the way.", "List of The King of Braves GaoGaiGar characters __knowledge__ This left the shuttle disabled and Guy himself in a near-death state.", "Rain (Mortal Kombat) __knowledge__ Rain is a fictional character in the \"Mortal Kombat\" fighting game franchise by Midway Games.", "Rain (Mortal Kombat) __knowledge__ Originating as a palette-swapped joke red herring inserted into \"Ultimate Mortal Kombat 3\" by \"Mortal Kombat\" co-creator Ed Boon in order to stir up fan interest in the game, he became a playable character in the follow-up title \"Mortal Kombat Trilogy.\"", "Rain (Mortal Kombat) __knowledge__ In the games, Rain hails from the otherworldly realm of Edenia like Kitana and Jade, but he does not share his compatriots' allegiance to their homeland and instead opts to serve evil Outworld emperor Shao Kahn.", "Rain (Mortal Kombat) __knowledge__ He plays his most prominent role in \"\", where he is revealed to be a demigod and related to the protagonist of the game's storyline.", "List of Everybody Hates Chris characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the main characters in the Emmy-nominated TV series \"Everybody Hates Chris\".", "List of Everybody Hates Chris characters __knowledge__ The fictional family is loosely based upon that of actor/comedian Chris Rock.", "List of Everybody Hates Chris characters __knowledge__ While the protagonist is clearly based upon Chris Rock, the surname \"Rock\" is never used when referring to the character Chris or any member of his family.", "List of Everybody Hates Chris characters __knowledge__ Tyler James Williams as Chris, the ambitious, normal, responsible, kind-hearted, but unlucky, unpopular, untalented, nonathletic, nonacademic, hapless, awkward, nerdy, vulnerable and mischievous eldest child and main protagonist of the series.", "List of Everybody Hates Chris characters __knowledge__ He wishes he was more like his younger brother, Drew.", "List of Are You Being Served? characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the BBC sitcom \"Are You Being Served?\"", "List of Are You Being Served? characters __knowledge__ that ran from 1972 until 1985.", "List of Are You Being Served? characters __knowledge__ After the series ended, there was a spin-off series called Grace and Favour, from 1992 until 1993 with many of the original actors reprising their roles.", "List of Are You Being Served? characters __knowledge__ An Australian version was also produced.", "List of Are You Being Served? characters __knowledge__ John Inman was the only actor to appear in all three series.", "List of Are You Being Served? characters __knowledge__ Of the cast throughout the duration of the series and its sequel, all are deceased with the exception of Mike Berry, Penny Irving, Doremy Vernon, Vivienne Johnson and Candy Davis.", "List of Are You Being Served? characters __knowledge__ This section contains information on the characters who worked in the Menswear department of Grace Brothers.", "The Forsyte Saga (2002 miniseries) __knowledge__ In 2002, the first two books and the first interlude of John Galsworthy's trilogy \"The Forsyte Saga\" were adapted by Granada Television for the ITV network.", "The Forsyte Saga (2002 miniseries) __knowledge__ Additional funding for this production was provided by American PBS station WGBH, the 1967 BBC version having been a success on PBS in the early 1970s.", "The Forsyte Saga (2002 miniseries) __knowledge__ The second series was titled \"\".", "The Forsyte Saga (2002 miniseries) __knowledge__ The serial is set in England from the 1870s to 1921 or so, and is a saga of the Forsyte family over three generations.", "The Forsyte Saga (2002 miniseries) __knowledge__ Malcolm Bradbury found that approaching the new series \"brings a tear to the eye and a smile to the lips\"; a tear because time had passed the culturally-significant original by, but smile because investment in a classic project is good.", "Irene Roberts __knowledge__ Irene Roberts is a fictional character from the Australian Channel Seven soap opera \"Home and Away\", played by Lynne McGranger.", "Irene Roberts __knowledge__ She was previously played by actress Jacqui Phillips from 1991 until 1992 when McGranger took over the role on 12 January 1993.", "Irene Roberts __knowledge__ Irene was originally a recurring character, but on 7 October 1993 McGranger was promoted to the regular cast.", "Irene Roberts __knowledge__ McGranger is the longest-serving female cast member on the show, having played the role of Irene for 25 years.", "Irene Roberts __knowledge__ Actress Jacqui Phillips was cast the role in 1991, Irene was later recast with Lynne McGranger taking over the role.", "Irene Roberts __knowledge__ McGranger was part of the guest cast when she joined because Irene was a recurring character, on 7 October 1993 she was promoted to the regular cast.", "Tubig at Langis __knowledge__ Tubig at Langis (Lit: Water and Oil), (English: \"Broken Vows\") is a 2016 Philippine, melodramatic family-drama television series based on the 1980 film \"Langis at Tubig\", starring Vilma Santos, Amy Austria-Ventura and Dindo Fernando.", "Tubig at Langis __knowledge__ Directed by FM Reyes, it is topbilled by Cristine Reyes, Zanjoe Marudo and Isabelle Daza.", "Tubig at Langis __knowledge__ The series premiered on ABS-CBN's \"Kapamilya Gold\" afternoon block and worldwide on The Filipino Channel on February 1, 2016 to September 2, 2016, replacing \"All of Me\".", "Tubig at Langis __knowledge__ Vivian Velez resigned from the series due to difficulties working with Cristine Reyes.", "Tubig at Langis __knowledge__ Marudo and Reyes reunited in the series after Star Cinema's \"\" from 2013.", "Hurricane Irene __knowledge__ Hurricane Irene was a large and destructive tropical cyclone which affected much of the Caribbean and East Coast of the United States during late August 2011.", "Hurricane Irene __knowledge__ Irene is ranked as the ninth-costliest hurricane in United States history.", "Hurricane Irene __knowledge__ The ninth named storm, first hurricane, and first major hurricane of the 2011 Atlantic hurricane season, Irene originated from a well-defined Atlantic tropical wave that began showing signs of organization east of the Lesser Antilles.", "Hurricane Irene __knowledge__ Due to development of atmospheric convection and a closed center of circulation, the system was designated as Tropical Storm Irene on August 20, 2011.", "Irene Raymond __knowledge__ Irene Raymond (also Hills) is a fictional character from the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\", played by Roberta Taylor.", "Irene Raymond __knowledge__ Introduced in 1997 as the matriarch of the Hills family, Irene remained in the serial until 2000, when the actress opted to leave.", "Irene Raymond __knowledge__ Involved in comical and dramatic storylines, Irene is paired romantically with Terry Raymond (Gavin Richards), and is prominently featured as part of the 1999 Christmas Day episodes, where her extra-marital affair with a toy boy is discovered by Terry.", "Irene Raymond __knowledge__ Her departure storyline was filmed on-location in Spain, where she ends her marriage to Terry.", "Irene Raymond __knowledge__ Irene is the ex-wife of Ted Hills (Brian Croucher) and the estranged mother of Sarah and Tony Hills (Daniela Denby-Ashe and Mark Homer), and she arrives in Albert Square following Ted's departure to South Africa in August 1997.", "List of Home and Away characters (1998) __knowledge__ \"Home and Away\" is an Australian soap opera.", "List of Home and Away characters (1998) __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that first appeared in 1998, by order of appearance.", "List of Home and Away characters (1998) __knowledge__ They were all introduced by the show's executive producer John Holmes.", "List of Home and Away characters (1998) __knowledge__ The 11th season of \"Home and Away\" began airing on the Seven Network on 12 January 1998.", "List of Home and Away characters (1998) __knowledge__ The first introduction of year was Will Smith, played by Zac Drayson.", "List of Home and Away characters (1998) __knowledge__ Several episodes later, the Nash family consisting of parents Joel and Natalie and their children Tom and Gypsy debuted.", "List of Home and Away characters (1998) __knowledge__ April saw the birth of Olivia Fraser-Richards.", "List of Home and Away characters (1998) __knowledge__ September saw the first appearance of Byron Fisher and in the same month Bec Cartwright took on the role of Will’s sister, Hayley.", "Irene (play) __knowledge__ Irene is a Neoclassical tragedy written between 1726 and 1749 by Samuel Johnson.", "Irene (play) __knowledge__ It has the distinction of being the work Johnson considered his greatest failure.", "Irene (play) __knowledge__ Since his death, the critical consensus has been that he was right to think so.", "Irene (play) __knowledge__ \"Irene\" was Johnson's only play, and was first performed on 6 February 1749 in a production by his friend and former pupil, David Garrick.", "Irene (play) __knowledge__ The play was a commercial success and earned Johnson more money than anything else he had written up to that point.", "Irene (play) __knowledge__ It was never revived during his lifetime, and there is no subsequent evidence of any other full-scale productions of \"Irene\" anywhere until 1999, making it one of the most unsuccessful plays ever written by a major author." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Jim Carrey __knowledge__ James Eugene Carrey (; born January 17, 1962) is a Canadian-American actor, comedian, impressionist, screenwriter, and producer.", "Jim Carrey __knowledge__ He is known for his energetic slapstick performances.", "Jim Carrey __knowledge__ Carrey first gained recognition in America in 1990 after landing a recurring role in the sketch comedy television series \"In Living Color\".", "Jim Carrey __knowledge__ His first leading roles in major productions came with \"\" (1994), \"Dumb and Dumber\" (1994), \"The Mask\" (1994), and \"\" (1995), as well as a supporting role in \"Batman Forever\" (1995) and a lead role in \"Liar Liar\" (1997).", "Jim Carrey __knowledge__ He gained critical acclaim starring in serious roles in \"The Truman Show\" (1998) and \"Man on the Moon\" (1999), with each garnering him a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor.", "Jim Carrey __knowledge__ In the 2000s, he gained further popularity for his portrayal of the Grinch in \"How the Grinch Stole Christmas\" and for the comedy \"Me, Myself & Irene\" (both in 2000), as well as \"Bruce Almighty\" (2003), \"Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind\" (2004) for which he was nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role, \"Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events\" (2004), \"Fun with Dick and Jane\" (2005), \"Yes Man\" (2008), \"Horton Hears a Who!\"", "Jim Carrey __knowledge__ (2008) and \"A Christmas Carol\" (2009).", "Alter Ego (magazine) __knowledge__ Alter Ego is an American magazine devoted to comic books and comic-book creators of the 1930s to late-1960s periods comprising what fans and historians call the Golden Age and Silver Age of Comic Books.", "Alter Ego (magazine) __knowledge__ It was founded as a fanzine by Jerry Bails in 1961, and later taken over by Roy Thomas.", "Alter Ego (magazine) __knowledge__ Ten issues were released through 1969, with issue #11 following nine years later.", "Alter Ego (magazine) __knowledge__ In 1999, following a five-issue run the previous years as a flip-book with \"Comic Book Artist\", \"Alter Ego\" began regular bimonthly publication as a formal magazine with glossy covers.", "Alter Ego (magazine) __knowledge__ TwoMorrows Publishing is the owner of the magazine and it is headquartered in Raleigh, NC.", "Getsumento Heiki Mina __knowledge__ Anime News Network has reported that the official pronunciation of the series' title is \"Getsumento Heiki Mina\", not \"Getsumen Usagi Heiki Mina\".", "Getsumento Heiki Mina __knowledge__ In the Densha Otoko drama, it was named just \"Getsumen Heiki Mina\".", "Getsumento Heiki Mina __knowledge__ The \"Densha Otoko\" version of \"Getsumen Heiki Mina\" ran for 26 episodes, and the story is completely different from the real-world anime.", "Getsumento Heiki Mina __knowledge__ After establishing contact with extraterrestrial civilizations, it was found that humans were the only race to develop various sports.", "Getsumento Heiki Mina __knowledge__ The number of alien sports fans grew dramatically, and the most fanatic of them regularly harass stadiums for taking part in a game, or demanding a good show, etc.", "Captain Marvel (DC Comics) __knowledge__ Shazam (), is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics.", "Captain Marvel (DC Comics) __knowledge__ Artist C. C. Beck and writer Bill Parker created the character in 1939.", "Captain Marvel (DC Comics) __knowledge__ Shazam was formerly called as \"Captain Marvel.", "Captain Marvel (DC Comics) __knowledge__ He was\" first appeared in \"Whiz Comics\" #2 (cover-dated Feb. 1940), published by Fawcett Comics.", "Captain Marvel (DC Comics) __knowledge__ He is the alter ego of Billy Batson, a boy who, by speaking the magic word \"SHAZAM\" (acronym of six \"immortal elders\": Solomon, Hercules, Atlas, Zeus, Achilles and Mercury), can transform himself into a costumed adult with the powers of superhuman strength, speed, flight and other abilities.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ \"Wow Oh Wow\" is a song by Irish hip pop duo Jedward.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It is the third single released from their second album, \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It was released as a digital download on 18 November 2011.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song is written by Oritsé Williams of boy band JLS, and songwriters Johannes Joergensen, Savan Kotecha, Daniel Klein of Deekay.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ In September 2011, \"Wow Oh Wow\" was announced as the third single from \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ Jedward debuted the song on Irish chat show \"The Late Late Show\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song was released as a digital-only single.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The music video was directed by Dale \"Rage\" Resteghini and filmed in Los Angeles, California in October 2011.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Steven Paul Jobs (; February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American entrepreneur, business magnate, inventor, and industrial designer.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was the chairman, chief executive officer (CEO), and co-founder of Apple Inc.; CEO and majority shareholder of Pixar; a member of The Walt Disney Company's board of directors following its acquisition of Pixar; and the founder, chairman, and CEO of NeXT.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Jobs and Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak are widely recognized as pioneers of the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was born in San Francisco to parents who had to put him up for adoption at birth; he was raised in the San Francisco Bay Area during the 1960s.", "Alter Ego (1986 video game) __knowledge__ Alter Ego is a role-playing video game released by Activision in 1986.", "Alter Ego (1986 video game) __knowledge__ It was created by Peter J. Favaro for the Commodore 64, MS-DOS, Apple II, and the Apple Macintosh.", "Alter Ego (1986 video game) __knowledge__ The game allows the user to make decisions for an imaginary person (being therefore the player's alter ego) and shows what possible consequences these decisions could have on that person.", "Alter Ego (1986 video game) __knowledge__ \"Alter Ego\" was available in both male and female versions, each using a different set of experiences.", "Alter Ego (1986 video game) __knowledge__ The player's alter ego begins the game as an infant; the game presents the user with a tree diagram with nodes, each labeled with an icon.", "Alter Ego (1986 video game) __knowledge__ The player chooses an icon representing an \"experience\" or situation to explore.", "Sakis Rouvas __knowledge__ Anastasios \"Sakis\" Rouvas (Greek: Αναστάσιος \"Σάκης\" Ρουβάς, ; born 5 January 1972), known mononymously as Sakis, is a Greek recording, film and television artist; model; businessman and former pole vaulter.", "Sakis Rouvas __knowledge__ Born in Corfu, he won medals on the national athletics team during the 1980s.", "Sakis Rouvas __knowledge__ Rouvas began a musical career in 1991 as one of Greece's first dance-pop performers.", "Sakis Rouvas __knowledge__ His tenor vocals, complex choreography, costumes, and technological advancements have been credited with transforming music videos and live performances.", "Sakis Rouvas __knowledge__ Rouvas is noted for avoiding domestic music, attaining success for a non-laïko or -éntekhno artist, and for breaking cultural, social, artistic, and generational barriers in Greece and Cyprus.", "Captain Barbell __knowledge__ Captain Barbell is a fictional Filipino comics superhero, similar to, the American Superman, Captain Marvel or Shazam, and Thor created by writer, Mars Ravelo and artist Jim Fernandez.", "Captain Barbell __knowledge__ He first appeared in \"Pinoy Komiks\" #5 (May 23, 1963).", "Captain Barbell __knowledge__ Like Darna, he also had an alter-ego named Tengteng, a thin, weakling and asthmatic person whose only dream was to become strong and muscular.", "Captain Barbell __knowledge__ He also appeared in Kampeon Komiks (Champion Comics).", "Captain Barbell __knowledge__ The original version of Captain Barbell depicted him as shirtless because during the more whimsical comics age in the Philippines that occurred in the 1960s (Silver Age), Mars Ravelo based the good Captain's look on circus strongmen, but with the addition of a mask.", "Super Commando Dhruva __knowledge__ Super Commando Dhruva (सुपर कमांडो ध्रुव in Devanagari script) is a fictional character, an Indian comic book superhero, who appears in comic books published by Raj Comics.", "Super Commando Dhruva __knowledge__ The character, created by writer and illustrator Anupam Sinha, first appeared in GENL #74 \"Pratishodh Ki Jwala\" published in April 1987 and since then, has appeared regularly in many issues published by Raj Comics.", "Super Commando Dhruva __knowledge__ \"Super Commando Dhruva\", whose complete name is Dhruva Mehra, is additionally referred to as \"Captain Dhruva\" by the cadets of his Commando Force.", "Super Commando Dhruva __knowledge__ Super Commando Dhruva operates in the fictional Indian city of \"Rajnagar\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Jim Carrey __knowledge__ James Eugene Carrey (; born January 17, 1962) is a Canadian-American actor, comedian, impressionist, screenwriter, and producer.", "Jim Carrey __knowledge__ He is known for his energetic slapstick performances.", "Jim Carrey __knowledge__ Carrey first gained recognition in America in 1990 after landing a recurring role in the sketch comedy television series \"In Living Color\".", "Jim Carrey __knowledge__ His first leading roles in major productions came with \"\" (1994), \"Dumb and Dumber\" (1994), \"The Mask\" (1994), and \"\" (1995), as well as a supporting role in \"Batman Forever\" (1995) and a lead role in \"Liar Liar\" (1997).", "Jim Carrey __knowledge__ He gained critical acclaim starring in serious roles in \"The Truman Show\" (1998) and \"Man on the Moon\" (1999), with each garnering him a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor.", "Jim Carrey __knowledge__ In the 2000s, he gained further popularity for his portrayal of the Grinch in \"How the Grinch Stole Christmas\" and for the comedy \"Me, Myself & Irene\" (both in 2000), as well as \"Bruce Almighty\" (2003), \"Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind\" (2004) for which he was nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role, \"Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events\" (2004), \"Fun with Dick and Jane\" (2005), \"Yes Man\" (2008), \"Horton Hears a Who!\"", "Jim Carrey __knowledge__ (2008) and \"A Christmas Carol\" (2009).", "Let's Wait Awhile __knowledge__ \"Let's Wait Awhile\" is a song by American singer Janet Jackson, released as the fifth single from her third studio album \"Control\" (1986).", "Let's Wait Awhile __knowledge__ It was written and produced by Jackson and Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis, with Melanie Andrews also serving as co-writer.", "Let's Wait Awhile __knowledge__ It is also the first song Jackson co-produced.", "Let's Wait Awhile __knowledge__ Inspired by a conversation Melanie Andrews had with a childhood boyfriend, the song speaks of sexual abstinence and postponing intimacy within a relationship.", "Let's Wait Awhile __knowledge__ The song received generally favorable reviews from music critics, who praised the track's sweetness and Jackson's tender delivery.", "Let's Wait Awhile __knowledge__ It was also praised for its meaningful message, considered to be a teaching tool to encourage sexual abstinence amidst the AIDS crisis at the time.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Ryan Star __knowledge__ Ryan Stahr Kulchinsky (born January 7, 1978) is an American rock singer-songwriter from Long Island, New York, currently signed on Island Records.", "Ryan Star __knowledge__ His first major label record \"\", released via Atlantic in 2010, reached No.", "Ryan Star __knowledge__ 31 on Billboard 200 and No.", "Ryan Star __knowledge__ 10 on Billboard Rock albums chart.", "Ryan Star __knowledge__ Star became known to a wider audience as contestant on the CBS reality TV show \"\" in 2006.", "Ryan Star __knowledge__ His songs have featured on several TV shows and promotion.", "Ryan Star __knowledge__ His song \"Brand New Day\", featured as the main theme to Fox TV series \"Lie to Me\", earned him a BMI TV Music Award in May 2009.", "Ryan Star __knowledge__ His first single for Island Records, \"Stay Awhile\" reached No.", "Goree Carter __knowledge__ Goree Chester Carter or Christer Carter (December 31, 1930 – December 29, 1990), known as Goree Carter, was an American singer, guitarist, drummer, songwriter and soldier.", "Goree Carter __knowledge__ He was also credited with the stage names Little T-Bone, Rocky Thompson and Gory Carter, and recorded music in blues genres such as electric blues, jump blues and Texas blues, as well as rock and roll.", "Goree Carter __knowledge__ He is best known for his 1949 single, \"Rock Awhile,\" which has been cited by several sources as the first rock and roll record, featuring an over-driven electric guitar style similar to that of Chuck Berry years later.", "Goree Carter __knowledge__ Carter recorded \"Rock Awhile\" at the age of 18, and its rediscovery has posthumously brought him recognition as a forefather of rock and roll.", "Staind __knowledge__ Staind ( ) is an American rock band formed in 1995.", "Staind __knowledge__ The original lineup consisted of lead vocalist and rhythm guitarist Aaron Lewis, lead guitarist Mike Mushok, bassist and backing vocalist Johnny April, and drummer Jon Wysocki.", "Staind __knowledge__ The lineup has been stable outside of Wysocki's departure in 2011, who was replaced by Sal Giancarelli.", "Staind __knowledge__ The band has recorded seven studio albums: \"Tormented\" (1996), \"Dysfunction\" (1999), \"Break the Cycle\" (2001), \"14 Shades of Grey\" (2003), \"Chapter V\" (2005), \"The Illusion of Progress\" (2008), and \"Staind\" (2011).", "Staind __knowledge__ The band's activity became more sporadic after their self-titled release; with Lewis pursuing a solo country music career and Mushok subsequently joining the band Saint Asonia, but the band continued to tour off and on in the coming years.", "Stay Awhile/I Only Want to Be with You __knowledge__ Stay Awhile/I Only Want to Be with You is the first album of the singer Dusty Springfield to be released in the USA.", "Stay Awhile/I Only Want to Be with You __knowledge__ It was issued on the Philips Records label in 1964 and includes Springfield's hit singles \"I Only Want To Be With You\", \"Stay Awhile\" and \"Wishin' and Hopin.", "Stay Awhile/I Only Want to Be with You __knowledge__ Springfield's British debut album \"A Girl Called Dusty\" was released in April 1964.", "Stay Awhile/I Only Want to Be with You __knowledge__ The US debut, issued some three months later, was technically a compilation of tracks from \"A Girl Called Dusty\", her first two UK singles, and other Springfield recordings.", "Stay Awhile/I Only Want to Be with You __knowledge__ Her US label, the American arm of Philips Records, decided to include the singles on an album, rather than following the British practice of leaving them as singles.", "Control (Janet Jackson album) __knowledge__ Control is the third studio album by American recording artist Janet Jackson, released on February 4, 1986, by A&M Records.", "Control (Janet Jackson album) __knowledge__ Her collaborations with the songwriters and record producers Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis resulted in an unconventional sound: a fusion of rhythm and blues, rap vocals, funk, disco and synthesized percussion that established Jackson, Jam and Lewis as the leading innovators of contemporary R&B.", "Control (Janet Jackson album) __knowledge__ The album became Jackson's commercial breakthrough and enabled her to transition into the popular music market, with \"Control\" becoming one of the foremost albums of the 1980s and contemporary music.", "The Truman Show __knowledge__ The Truman Show is a 1998 American satirical science fiction film directed by Peter Weir, produced by Scott Rudin, Andrew Niccol, Edward S. Feldman, and Adam Schroeder, and written by Niccol.", "The Truman Show __knowledge__ The film stars Jim Carrey as Truman Burbank, adopted and raised by a corporation inside a simulated television show revolving around his life, until he discovers it and decides to escape; additional roles are provided by Laura Linney, Noah Emmerich, Natascha McElhone, Holland Taylor, Ed Harris, and Brian Delate.", "The Truman Show __knowledge__ \"The Truman Show\" was originally a spec script by Niccol, inspired by an episode of \"The Twilight Zone\" called \"Special Service\".", "The Truman Show delusion __knowledge__ The Truman Show delusion, informally known as Truman syndrome, is a type of delusion in which the person believes that their lives are staged reality shows, or that they are being watched on cameras.", "The Truman Show delusion __knowledge__ The term was coined in 2008 by brothers Joel Gold and Ian Gold, a psychiatrist and a neurophilosopher, respectively, after the film \"The Truman Show\".", "The Truman Show delusion __knowledge__ The Truman Show delusion is not officially recognized nor listed in the \"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of the American Psychiatric Association\".", "The Truman Show delusion __knowledge__ \"The Truman Show\" is a 1998 comedy film directed by Peter Weir and written by Andrew Niccol.", "The Truman Show delusion __knowledge__ Actor Jim Carrey plays Truman Burbank, a man who discovers he is living in a constructed reality televised globally around the clock.", "Peter Weir __knowledge__ Peter Lindsay Weir, AM ( ; born 21 August 1944) is an Australian film director.", "Peter Weir __knowledge__ He was a leading figure in the Australian New Wave cinema movement (1970–1990), with films such as the mystery drama \"Picnic at Hanging Rock\" (1975), the supernatural thriller \"The Last Wave\" (1977) and the historical drama \"Gallipoli\" (1981).", "Peter Weir __knowledge__ The climax of Weir's early career was the $6 million multi-national production \"The Year of Living Dangerously\" (1983).", "Peter Weir __knowledge__ After the success of \"The Year of Living Dangerously\", Weir directed a diverse group of American and international films covering most genres—many of them major box office hits—including Academy Award nominated films such as the thriller \"Witness\" (1985), the drama \"Dead Poets Society\" (1989), the romantic comedy \"Green Card\" (1990), the social science fiction comedy-drama \"The Truman Show\" (1998) and the epic historical drama \"\" (2003).", "Jerk (physics) __knowledge__ In physics, jerk, also known as jolt, surge, or lurch, is the rate of change of acceleration; that is, the derivative of acceleration with respect to time, and as such the second derivative of velocity, or the third derivative of position.", "Jerk (physics) __knowledge__ Jerk is a vector, and there is no generally used term to describe its scalar magnitude (more precisely, its norm, e.g.", "Jerk (physics) __knowledge__ \"speed\" as the norm of the velocity vector).", "Jerk (physics) __knowledge__ According to the result of dimensional analysis of jerk, [length/time], the SI units are m/s (or m·s); jerk can also be expressed in standard gravity per second (\"g\"/s).", "Jerk (physics) __knowledge__ Jerk can be formulated in any of the following equivalent ways: where There is no universal agreement on the symbol for jerk, but formula_6 is commonly used.", "Harry S. Truman __knowledge__ Harry S. Truman (May 8, 1884December 26, 1972) was an American statesman who served as the 33rd President of the United States (1945–1953), taking the office upon the death of Franklin D. Roosevelt.", "Harry S. Truman __knowledge__ A World War I veteran, he assumed the presidency during the waning months of World War II and the beginning of the Cold War.", "Harry S. Truman __knowledge__ He is known for implementing the Marshall Plan to rebuild the economy of Western Europe, the establishment of the Truman Doctrine and NATO against Soviet and Chinese communism, and for intervening in the Korean War.", "Harry S. Truman __knowledge__ In domestic affairs, he was a moderate Democrat whose liberal proposals were a continuation of Franklin Roosevelt's New Deal, but the conservative-dominated Congress blocked most of them.", "Work (Rihanna song) __knowledge__ \"Work\" is a song recorded by Barbadian singer Rihanna for her eighth studio album, \"Anti\" (2016), featuring Canadian rapper Drake, the song was released as the lead single from \"Anti\" on January 27, 2016 through Westbury Road and Roc Nation.", "Work (Rihanna song) __knowledge__ The song was written by PartyNextDoor, Drake, Monte Moir, Rupert \"Sevn\" Thomas, Allen Ritter and Matthew Samuels, and was produced by Boi-1da, Sevn Thomas, Ritter, Kuk Harrell and Noah \"40\" Shebib.", "Work (Rihanna song) __knowledge__ The dancehall, reggae-pop and R&B song, contains an interpolation of \"If You Were Here Tonight\" (1985) performed by Alexander O'Neal.", "Work (Rihanna song) __knowledge__ Lyrically, the song incorporates themes of working for money, as well as discussing fragile relationships.", "52nd British Academy Film Awards __knowledge__ The 52nd BAFTA Film Awards, given by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts on 11 April 1999, honoured the best in film for 1998.", "52nd British Academy Film Awards __knowledge__ Shakespeare in Love won the award for Best Film (also won the Academy Award for Best Picture) and Best Editing.", "52nd British Academy Film Awards __knowledge__ \"Elizabeth\" was voted Best British Film.", "52nd British Academy Film Awards __knowledge__ Both Judi Dench and Cate Blanchett won awards for their portrayals of Queen Elizabeth I. Geoffrey Rush won the award for Best Supporting Actor.", "52nd British Academy Film Awards __knowledge__ Italian actor Roberto Benigni won the award for Best Actor in a Leading Role in \"La vita è bella (Life Is Beautiful)\".", "52nd British Academy Film Awards __knowledge__ He went on to win the Academy Award.", "52nd British Academy Film Awards __knowledge__ Peter Weir, director of \"The Truman Show\", won the BAFTA Film Award for Best Directing." ] ]

[ 6, 6, 2, 5, 5 ]

[ "I am! What's your favorite Jim Carey movie?", "I like Me, Myself & Irene the best.", "He was bullied and invented an alter ego to cope with it. It's hilarious.", "He's a real jerk. Have you seen The Truman Show?", "I do, it was one of his few serious roles." ]

[ "Jim Carrey", "Jim Carrey", "Jim Carrey", "Jim Carrey", "Jim Carrey" ]

[ "Diabetes mellitus\nSo many people are suffering from Diabetes. Diabetes Mellitus is not a good one", "Yes, those with the sickness always wear shoes to prevent injury", "Oh yes...I heard that the type 2 is more severe. How did your grandpa manage it?", "I really feel for those with the ailment because they abstain from certain food", "What is the cause of diabetes?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Diabetes mellitus (DM), commonly referred to as diabetes, is a group of metabolic disorders in which there are high blood sugar levels over a prolonged period.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Symptoms of high blood sugar include frequent urination, increased thirst, and increased hunger.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ If left untreated, diabetes can cause many complications.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Acute complications can include diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state, or death.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Serious long-term complications include cardiovascular disease, stroke, chronic kidney disease, foot ulcers, and damage to the eyes.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Diabetes is due to either the pancreas not producing enough insulin or the cells of the body not responding properly to the insulin produced.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ There are three main types of diabetes mellitus: Prevention and treatment involve maintaining a healthy diet, regular physical exercise, a normal body weight, and avoiding use of tobacco.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Control of blood pressure and maintaining proper foot care are important for people with the disease.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Type 1 DM must be managed with insulin injections.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Type 2 DM may be treated with medications with or without insulin.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Insulin and some oral medications can cause low blood sugar.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Weight loss surgery in those with obesity is sometimes an effective measure in those with type 2 DM.", "Diabetes management __knowledge__ The term \"diabetes\" includes several different metabolic disorders that all, if left untreated, result in abnormally high concentration of a sugar called glucose in the blood.", "Diabetes management __knowledge__ Diabetes mellitus type 1 results when the pancreas no longer produces significant amounts of the hormone insulin, usually owing to the autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas.", "Diabetes management __knowledge__ Diabetes mellitus type 2, in contrast, is now thought to result from autoimmune attacks on the pancreas and/or insulin resistance.", "Diabetes management __knowledge__ The pancreas of a person with type 2 diabetes may be producing normal or even abnormally large amounts of insulin.", "Diabetes mellitus type 2 __knowledge__ Diabetes mellitus type 2 (also known as type 2 diabetes) is a long-term metabolic disorder that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin.", "Diabetes mellitus type 2 __knowledge__ Common symptoms include increased thirst, frequent urination, and unexplained weight loss.", "Diabetes mellitus type 2 __knowledge__ Symptoms may also include increased hunger, feeling tired, and sores that do not heal.", "Diabetes mellitus type 2 __knowledge__ Often symptoms come on slowly.", "Diabetes mellitus type 2 __knowledge__ Long-term complications from high blood sugar include heart disease, strokes, diabetic retinopathy which can result in blindness, kidney failure, and poor blood flow in the limbs which may lead to amputations.", "AIDA interactive educational freeware diabetes simulator __knowledge__ AIDA is a freeware computer program that permits the interactive simulation of plasma insulin and blood glucose profiles for demonstration, teaching, self-learning, and research purposes.", "AIDA interactive educational freeware diabetes simulator __knowledge__ Originally developed in 1991, it has been updated and enhanced since, and made available without charge from 1996 on the World Wide Web.", "AIDA interactive educational freeware diabetes simulator __knowledge__ The freeware software can be downloaded now from: http://www.2aida.org and http://www.2aida.net as well as from numerous freeware software repositories as a non-commercial contribution to continuing diabetes education.", "AIDA interactive educational freeware diabetes simulator __knowledge__ The program, which is still being updated, has gone through a number of revisions and developments in the 16+ years since its original internet launch.", "Diabetes mellitus type 1 __knowledge__ Diabetes mellitus type 1 (also known as type 1 diabetes) is a form of diabetes mellitus in which not enough insulin is produced.", "Diabetes mellitus type 1 __knowledge__ This results in high blood sugar levels in the body.", "Diabetes mellitus type 1 __knowledge__ The classical symptoms are frequent urination, increased thirst, increased hunger, and weight loss.", "Diabetes mellitus type 1 __knowledge__ Additional symptoms may include blurry vision, feeling tired, and poor healing.", "Diabetes mellitus type 1 __knowledge__ Symptoms typically develop over a short period of time.", "Diabetes mellitus type 1 __knowledge__ The cause of type 1 diabetes is unknown.", "Diabetes mellitus type 1 __knowledge__ However, it is believed to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors.", "Diabetes mellitus type 1 __knowledge__ Risk factors include having a family member with the condition.", "Prediabetes __knowledge__ Prediabetes is the precursor stage before diabetes mellitus in which not all of the symptoms required to diagnose diabetes are present, but blood sugar is abnormally high.", "Prediabetes __knowledge__ This stage is often referred to as the \"grey area.\"", "Prediabetes __knowledge__ It is not a disease; the American Diabetes Association says, \"Prediabetes should not be viewed as a clinical entity in its own right but rather as an increased risk for diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD).", "Prediabetes __knowledge__ Prediabetes is associated with obesity (especially abdominal or visceral obesity), dyslipidemia with high triglycerides and/or low HDL cholesterol, and hypertension.\"", "Epidemiology of diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Globally, an estimated 422 million adults are living with diabetes mellitus, according to the latest 2016 data from the World Health Organization (WHO).", "Epidemiology of diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Diabetes prevalence is increasing rapidly; previous 2013 estimates from the International Diabetes Federation put the number at 381 million people having diabetes.", "Epidemiology of diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ The number is projected to almost double by 2030.", "Epidemiology of diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Type 2 diabetes makes up about 85-90% of all cases.", "Epidemiology of diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Increases in the overall diabetes prevalence rates largely reflect an increase in risk factors for type 2, notably greater longevity and being overweight or obese.", "Epidemiology of diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Diabetes mellitus occurs throughout the world, but is more common (especially type 2) in the more developed countries." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Diabetes mellitus (DM), commonly referred to as diabetes, is a group of metabolic disorders in which there are high blood sugar levels over a prolonged period.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Symptoms of high blood sugar include frequent urination, increased thirst, and increased hunger.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ If left untreated, diabetes can cause many complications.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Acute complications can include diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state, or death.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Serious long-term complications include cardiovascular disease, stroke, chronic kidney disease, foot ulcers, and damage to the eyes.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Diabetes is due to either the pancreas not producing enough insulin or the cells of the body not responding properly to the insulin produced.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ There are three main types of diabetes mellitus: Prevention and treatment involve maintaining a healthy diet, regular physical exercise, a normal body weight, and avoiding use of tobacco.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Control of blood pressure and maintaining proper foot care are important for people with the disease.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Type 1 DM must be managed with insulin injections.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Type 2 DM may be treated with medications with or without insulin.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Insulin and some oral medications can cause low blood sugar.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Weight loss surgery in those with obesity is sometimes an effective measure in those with type 2 DM.", "Barefoot __knowledge__ Barefoot is the most common term for the state of not wearing any footwear.", "Barefoot __knowledge__ Wearing footwear is an exclusively human characteristic, however some animals held by humans are also issued with footwear, such as horses and, more rarely dogs and cats.", "Barefoot __knowledge__ There are health benefits and some risks associated with going barefoot.", "Barefoot __knowledge__ Footwear provides protection from cuts, abrasions, bruises, and impacts from objects on the ground or the ground texture itself, as well as from frost or heat burns, and parasites like hookworm in extreme situations.", "Barefoot __knowledge__ However, shoes can limit the flexibility, strength, and mobility of the foot and can lead to higher incidences of flexible flat foot, bunions, hammer toe, and Morton's neuroma.", "School uniforms by country __knowledge__ School uniform or school uniforms is a practice which dates to the 16th century in the United Kingdom.", "School uniforms by country __knowledge__ It is believed that the Christ Hospital School in London in 1552 was the first school to use a school uniform.", "School uniforms by country __knowledge__ The earliest documented proof of institutionalised use of a standard academic dress dates back to 1222 when the then Archbishop of Canterbury ordered the wearing of the cappa clausa about 800 years ago.", "School uniforms by country __knowledge__ The practice of having school uniform has been adopted by other countries, and is now common in many parts of the world.", "School uniforms by country __knowledge__ Uniforms can be regarded as promoting social equality among students and school-pride, but the practice has also been criticised for promoting a form of uniformity characteristic of militarism.", "Court dress __knowledge__ Court dress comprises the style of clothes prescribed for courts of law, and for royal courts.", "Court dress __knowledge__ Members of the old Judicial Committee of the House of Lords (or \"Law Lords\") and the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council never wore court dress (although advocates appearing before them did).", "Court dress __knowledge__ Instead they were dressed in ordinary business clothing.", "Court dress __knowledge__ Since the creation of the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom in 2009, the Justices of that court have retained the Law Lords' tradition of sitting unrobed.", "Court dress __knowledge__ On ceremonial occasions they wear a robe of black damask embellished with gold with the logotype of the Supreme Court embroidered at the yoke.", "Eventing __knowledge__ Eventing (also known as three day eventing or horse trials) is an equestrian event where a single horse and rider combination compete against other combinations across the three disciplines of dressage, cross-country, and show jumping.", "Eventing __knowledge__ This event has its roots in a comprehensive cavalry test which required mastery of several types of riding.", "Eventing __knowledge__ The competition may be run as a one-day event (ODE), where all three events are completed in one day (dressage, followed by cross country and then stadium) or a three-day event (3DE), which is more commonly now run over four days, with dressage on the first two days followed by cross country the next day and then show jumping in reverse order on the final day.", "Horse care __knowledge__ There are many aspects to horse care.", "Horse care __knowledge__ Horses, ponies, mules, donkeys and other domesticated equids require attention from humans for optimal health and long life.", "Horse care __knowledge__ Horses require both shelter from natural elements like wind and precipitation, as well as room to exercise.", "Horse care __knowledge__ Worldwide, horses and other equids usually live outside with access to shelter for protection from the elements.", "Horse care __knowledge__ In some cases, animals are kept in a barn or stable for ease of access by managers, or for protection from the weather for various reasons.", "Horse care __knowledge__ For horse owners who do not own their own land, fields and barns can be rented from a private land owner or space for an individual horse may be rented from a boarding farm.", "Foot __knowledge__ The foot (plural feet) is an anatomical structure found in many vertebrates.", "Foot __knowledge__ It is the terminal portion of a limb which bears weight and allows locomotion.", "Foot __knowledge__ In many animals with feet, the foot is a separate organ at the terminal part of the leg made up of one or more segments or bones, generally including claws or nails.", "Foot __knowledge__ The word \"foot\", in the sense of meaning the \"terminal part of the leg of a vertebrate animal\" comes from \"Old English fot \"foot,\" from Proto-Germanic *fot (source also of Old Frisian fot, Old Saxon fot, Old Norse fotr, Danish fod, Swedish fot, Dutch voet, Old High German fuoz, German Fuß, Gothic fotus \"foot\"), from PIE root *ped- \"foot.\"", "Barefoot running __knowledge__ Barefoot running, also called \"natural running\", is the act of running without footwear.", "Barefoot running __knowledge__ With the advent of modern footwear, running barefoot has become less common in most parts of the world but is still practiced in parts of Africa and Latin America.", "Barefoot running __knowledge__ In some Western countries, barefoot running has grown in popularity due to perceived health benefits.", "Barefoot running __knowledge__ Scientific research into the practice of running barefoot has not reached a clear consensus regarding its risks or its benefits.", "Barefoot running __knowledge__ While footwear might provide protection from cuts, bruises, impact and weather, proponents of barefoot running argue that it reduces the risk of chronic injuries (notably repetitive stress injuries) caused by heel striking in padded running shoes.", "Diabetes mellitus type 2 __knowledge__ Diabetes mellitus type 2 (also known as type 2 diabetes) is a long-term metabolic disorder that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin.", "Diabetes mellitus type 2 __knowledge__ Common symptoms include increased thirst, frequent urination, and unexplained weight loss.", "Diabetes mellitus type 2 __knowledge__ Symptoms may also include increased hunger, feeling tired, and sores that do not heal.", "Diabetes mellitus type 2 __knowledge__ Often symptoms come on slowly.", "Diabetes mellitus type 2 __knowledge__ Long-term complications from high blood sugar include heart disease, strokes, diabetic retinopathy which can result in blindness, kidney failure, and poor blood flow in the limbs which may lead to amputations.", "Diabetes mellitus type 1 __knowledge__ Diabetes mellitus type 1 (also known as type 1 diabetes) is a form of diabetes mellitus in which not enough insulin is produced.", "Diabetes mellitus type 1 __knowledge__ This results in high blood sugar levels in the body.", "Diabetes mellitus type 1 __knowledge__ The classical symptoms are frequent urination, increased thirst, increased hunger, and weight loss.", "Diabetes mellitus type 1 __knowledge__ Additional symptoms may include blurry vision, feeling tired, and poor healing.", "Diabetes mellitus type 1 __knowledge__ Symptoms typically develop over a short period of time.", "Diabetes mellitus type 1 __knowledge__ The cause of type 1 diabetes is unknown.", "Diabetes mellitus type 1 __knowledge__ However, it is believed to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors.", "Diabetes mellitus type 1 __knowledge__ Risk factors include having a family member with the condition.", "Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state __knowledge__ Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS) is a complication of diabetes mellitus in which high blood sugar results in high osmolarity without significant ketoacidosis.", "Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state __knowledge__ Symptoms include signs of dehydration, weakness, legs cramps, trouble seeing, and an altered level of consciousness.", "Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state __knowledge__ Onset is typically over days to weeks.", "Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state __knowledge__ Complications may include seizures, disseminated intravascular coagulopathy, mesenteric artery occlusion, or rhabdomyolysis.", "Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state __knowledge__ The main risk factor is a history of diabetes mellitus type 2.", "Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state __knowledge__ Occasionally it may occur in those without a prior history of diabetes or those with diabetes mellitus type 1.", "Neonatal diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM) is defined as a disease that affects an infant and their body's ability to produce or use insulin.", "Neonatal diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ NDM is a monogenic (controlled by a single gene) form of diabetes that occurs in the first 6 months of life.", "Neonatal diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Infants do not produce enough insulin, leading to an increase in glucose accumulation.", "Neonatal diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ It is a rare disease, occurring in only one in 100,000 to 500,000 live births.", "Neonatal diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ NDM can be mistaken for the much more common type 1 diabetes, but type 1 diabetes usually occurs later than the first 6 months of life.", "Neonatal diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ There are two types of NDM: permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus (PNDM) is a lifelong condition.", "Gestational diabetes __knowledge__ Gestational diabetes is a condition in which a woman without diabetes develops high blood sugar levels during pregnancy.", "Gestational diabetes __knowledge__ Gestational diabetes generally results in few symptoms; however, it does increase the risk of pre-eclampsia, depression, and requiring a Caesarean section.", "Gestational diabetes __knowledge__ Babies born to mothers with poorly treated gestational diabetes are at increased risk of being too large, having low blood sugar after birth, and jaundice.", "Gestational diabetes __knowledge__ If untreated, it can also result in a stillbirth.", "Gestational diabetes __knowledge__ Long term, children are at higher risk of being overweight and developing type 2 diabetes.", "Gestational diabetes __knowledge__ Gestational diabetes is caused by not enough insulin in the setting of insulin resistance.", "Outline of diabetes __knowledge__ The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to diabetes: Diabetes – group of metabolic diseases in which a person has high blood sugar, either because the pancreas does not produce enough insulin, or because cells do not respond properly to the insulin that is produced, a condition called insulin resistance.", "Outline of diabetes __knowledge__ The resultant high blood sugar produces the classical symptoms of polyuria (frequent urination), polydipsia (increased thirst) and polyphagia (increased hunger).", "Outline of diabetes __knowledge__ Diabetes can be described as a: Symptoms of type II diabetes mellitus include: Currently, there is no known way to prevent diabetes mellitus type 1." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Diabetes mellitus (DM), commonly referred to as diabetes, is a group of metabolic disorders in which there are high blood sugar levels over a prolonged period.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Symptoms of high blood sugar include frequent urination, increased thirst, and increased hunger.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ If left untreated, diabetes can cause many complications.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Acute complications can include diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state, or death.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Serious long-term complications include cardiovascular disease, stroke, chronic kidney disease, foot ulcers, and damage to the eyes.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Diabetes is due to either the pancreas not producing enough insulin or the cells of the body not responding properly to the insulin produced.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ There are three main types of diabetes mellitus: Prevention and treatment involve maintaining a healthy diet, regular physical exercise, a normal body weight, and avoiding use of tobacco.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Control of blood pressure and maintaining proper foot care are important for people with the disease.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Type 1 DM must be managed with insulin injections.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Type 2 DM may be treated with medications with or without insulin.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Insulin and some oral medications can cause low blood sugar.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Weight loss surgery in those with obesity is sometimes an effective measure in those with type 2 DM.", "Diabetes management __knowledge__ The term \"diabetes\" includes several different metabolic disorders that all, if left untreated, result in abnormally high concentration of a sugar called glucose in the blood.", "Diabetes management __knowledge__ Diabetes mellitus type 1 results when the pancreas no longer produces significant amounts of the hormone insulin, usually owing to the autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas.", "Diabetes management __knowledge__ Diabetes mellitus type 2, in contrast, is now thought to result from autoimmune attacks on the pancreas and/or insulin resistance.", "Diabetes management __knowledge__ The pancreas of a person with type 2 diabetes may be producing normal or even abnormally large amounts of insulin.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Yes and no, or word pairs with a similar usage , are expressions of the affirmative and the negative, respectively, in several languages including English.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages make distinction between answers to affirmative versus negative questions, thus may have triplet or quadruplets of words instead.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ English originally used a four-form system up to and including Early Middle English but Modern English has reduced this to a two-form system consisting of just 'yes' and 'no'.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ It exists in eye blink communication, Morse Code, sign language, and maybe in color coded flag communication.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages do not answer yes–no questions with single words meaning 'yes' or 'no'.", "Diabetes mellitus type 2 __knowledge__ Diabetes mellitus type 2 (also known as type 2 diabetes) is a long-term metabolic disorder that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin.", "Diabetes mellitus type 2 __knowledge__ Common symptoms include increased thirst, frequent urination, and unexplained weight loss.", "Diabetes mellitus type 2 __knowledge__ Symptoms may also include increased hunger, feeling tired, and sores that do not heal.", "Diabetes mellitus type 2 __knowledge__ Often symptoms come on slowly.", "Diabetes mellitus type 2 __knowledge__ Long-term complications from high blood sugar include heart disease, strokes, diabetic retinopathy which can result in blindness, kidney failure, and poor blood flow in the limbs which may lead to amputations.", "List of The Texas Chainsaw Massacre characters __knowledge__ The Sawyers (renamed the Hewitts in the reboot and its prequel) are a large, Southern American family of cannibalistic butchers and serial killers in \"The Texas Chainsaw Massacre\" franchise, who live in the Texas backwoods, where they abduct, torture, murder, and eat stranded motorists.", "List of The Texas Chainsaw Massacre characters __knowledge__ The family uses booby traps and man-traps, such as bear traps and spike traps, to capture or kill victims.", "List of The Texas Chainsaw Massacre characters __knowledge__ The family also owns a gas station, where they sell the meat from the victims as barbecue and chili.", "List of The Texas Chainsaw Massacre characters __knowledge__ It has been confirmed in the crossover comic book series, \"Jason vs. Leatherface\", that the Sawyer family did engage in inbreeding, something that was heavily implied in .", "IEC 62196 __knowledge__ IEC 62196 \"Plugs, socket-outlets, vehicle couplers and vehicle inlets – Conductive charging of electric vehicles\" is an international standard for a set of electrical connectors for electric vehicles and is maintained by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC).", "IEC 62196 __knowledge__ The standard is based on IEC 61851 \"Electric vehicle conductive charging system\" which establishes general characteristics, including charging modes and connection configurations, and requirements for specific implementations (including safety requirements) of both electric vehicle (EV) and electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) in a charging system.", "Epigenetics of diabetes Type 2 __knowledge__ In recent years it has become apparent that the environment and underlying mechanisms affect gene expression and the genome outside of the central dogma of biology.", "Epigenetics of diabetes Type 2 __knowledge__ It has been found that many Epigenetic mechanisms are involved in the regulation and expression of genes such as DNA methylation and chromatin remodeling.", "Epigenetics of diabetes Type 2 __knowledge__ These epigenetic mechanisms are believed to be a contributing factor to pathological diseases such as Diabetes type II.", "Epigenetics of diabetes Type 2 __knowledge__ An understanding of the epigenome of Diabetes patients may help to elucidate otherwise hidden causes of this disease.", "Epigenetics of diabetes Type 2 __knowledge__ The PPARGC1A gene regulates genes involved in energy metabolism.", "Diabetes mellitus type 1 __knowledge__ Diabetes mellitus type 1 (also known as type 1 diabetes) is a form of diabetes mellitus in which not enough insulin is produced.", "Diabetes mellitus type 1 __knowledge__ This results in high blood sugar levels in the body.", "Diabetes mellitus type 1 __knowledge__ The classical symptoms are frequent urination, increased thirst, increased hunger, and weight loss.", "Diabetes mellitus type 1 __knowledge__ Additional symptoms may include blurry vision, feeling tired, and poor healing.", "Diabetes mellitus type 1 __knowledge__ Symptoms typically develop over a short period of time.", "Diabetes mellitus type 1 __knowledge__ The cause of type 1 diabetes is unknown.", "Diabetes mellitus type 1 __knowledge__ However, it is believed to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors.", "Diabetes mellitus type 1 __knowledge__ Risk factors include having a family member with the condition.", "Latent autoimmune diabetes of adults __knowledge__ Latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA) is a form of diabetes mellitus type 1 that occurs in adulthood, often with a slower course of onset than type 1 diabetes diagnosed in juveniles.", "Latent autoimmune diabetes of adults __knowledge__ Adults with LADA may initially be diagnosed incorrectly as having type 2 diabetes based on their age, particularly if they have risk factors for type 2 diabetes such as a strong family history or obesity.", "Latent autoimmune diabetes of adults __knowledge__ The diagnosis is typically based on the finding of hyperglycemia together with the clinical impression that islet failure rather than insulin resistance is the main cause; detection of a low C-peptide and raised antibodies against the islets of Langerhans support the diagnosis.", "AIDA interactive educational freeware diabetes simulator __knowledge__ AIDA is a freeware computer program that permits the interactive simulation of plasma insulin and blood glucose profiles for demonstration, teaching, self-learning, and research purposes.", "AIDA interactive educational freeware diabetes simulator __knowledge__ Originally developed in 1991, it has been updated and enhanced since, and made available without charge from 1996 on the World Wide Web.", "AIDA interactive educational freeware diabetes simulator __knowledge__ The freeware software can be downloaded now from: http://www.2aida.org and http://www.2aida.net as well as from numerous freeware software repositories as a non-commercial contribution to continuing diabetes education.", "AIDA interactive educational freeware diabetes simulator __knowledge__ The program, which is still being updated, has gone through a number of revisions and developments in the 16+ years since its original internet launch.", "Diabetic ketoacidosis __knowledge__ Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a potentially life-threatening complication of diabetes mellitus.", "Diabetic ketoacidosis __knowledge__ Signs and symptoms may include vomiting, abdominal pain, deep gasping breathing, increased urination, weakness, confusion, and occasionally loss of consciousness.", "Diabetic ketoacidosis __knowledge__ A person's breath may develop a specific smell.", "Diabetic ketoacidosis __knowledge__ Onset of symptoms is usually rapid.", "Diabetic ketoacidosis __knowledge__ In some cases people may not realize they previously had diabetes.", "Diabetic ketoacidosis __knowledge__ DKA happens most often in those with type 1 diabetes, but can also occur in those with other types of diabetes under certain circumstances.", "Diabetic ketoacidosis __knowledge__ Triggers may include infection, not taking insulin correctly, stroke, and certain medications such as steroids." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Diabetes mellitus (DM), commonly referred to as diabetes, is a group of metabolic disorders in which there are high blood sugar levels over a prolonged period.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Symptoms of high blood sugar include frequent urination, increased thirst, and increased hunger.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ If left untreated, diabetes can cause many complications.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Acute complications can include diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state, or death.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Serious long-term complications include cardiovascular disease, stroke, chronic kidney disease, foot ulcers, and damage to the eyes.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Diabetes is due to either the pancreas not producing enough insulin or the cells of the body not responding properly to the insulin produced.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ There are three main types of diabetes mellitus: Prevention and treatment involve maintaining a healthy diet, regular physical exercise, a normal body weight, and avoiding use of tobacco.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Control of blood pressure and maintaining proper foot care are important for people with the disease.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Type 1 DM must be managed with insulin injections.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Type 2 DM may be treated with medications with or without insulin.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Insulin and some oral medications can cause low blood sugar.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Weight loss surgery in those with obesity is sometimes an effective measure in those with type 2 DM.", "Fasting __knowledge__ Fasting is a willing abstinence or reduction from some or all food, drink, or both, for a period of time.", "Fasting __knowledge__ An absolute fast or dry fasting is normally defined as abstinence from all food and liquid for a defined period, usually a period of 24 hours, or a number of days.", "Fasting __knowledge__ Water fasting allows drinking water but nothing else.", "Fasting __knowledge__ Other fasts may be partially restrictive, limiting only particular foods or substances.", "Fasting __knowledge__ A fast may also be intermittent in nature.", "Fasting __knowledge__ Fasting practices may preclude intercourse and other activities as well as food.", "Fasting __knowledge__ In a physiological context, fasting may refer to the metabolic status of a person who has not eaten overnight, or to the metabolic state achieved after complete digestion and absorption of a meal.", "Food and drink prohibitions __knowledge__ Some people abstain from consuming various foods and beverages in conformity with various religious, cultural, legal or other societal prohibitions.", "Food and drink prohibitions __knowledge__ Many of these prohibitions constitute taboos.", "Food and drink prohibitions __knowledge__ Many food taboos and other prohibitions forbid the meat of a particular animal, including mammals, rodents, reptiles, amphibians, fish, molluscs, crustaceans and insects, which may relate to a disgust response being more often associated with meats than plant-based foods.", "Food and drink prohibitions __knowledge__ Some prohibitions are specific to a particular part or excretion of an animal, while others forgo the consumption of plants or fungi.", "The Immanent Frame __knowledge__ The Immanent Frame is a digital forum that publishes interdisciplinary perspectives on secularism, religion, and the public sphere.", "The Immanent Frame __knowledge__ It was formed in conjunction with projects on religion and the public sphere at the Social Science Research Council (SSRC).", "The Immanent Frame __knowledge__ Initially conceived as an experimental blog that invited multiple contributions from a number of leading scholars in the humanities and social sciences, The Immanent Frame was launched in October 2007 by an SSRC team led by program director Jonathan VanAntwerpen, who served for several years as editor-in-chief.", "The Immanent Frame __knowledge__ Among other topics, The Immanent Frame launched with an extensive discussion of Charles Taylor's \"A Secular Age\" (Harvard University Press, 2007).", "A Secular Age __knowledge__ A Secular Age is a book written by the philosopher Charles Taylor which was published in 2007 by Harvard University Press on the basis of Taylor's earlier Gifford Lectures (Edinburgh 1998–1999).", "A Secular Age __knowledge__ The noted sociologist Robert Bellah has referred to \"A Secular Age\" as \"one of the most important books to be written in my lifetime.\"", "A Secular Age __knowledge__ In recent years, secularism has become an important topic in the humanities and social sciences.", "A Secular Age __knowledge__ Although there continue to be important disagreements among scholars, many begin with the premise that secularism is not simply the absence of religion, but rather an intellectual and political category that itself needs to be understood as an historical construction.", "Food waste __knowledge__ Food waste or food loss is food that is discarded or lost uneaten.", "Food waste __knowledge__ The causes of food waste or loss are numerous, and occur at the stages of production, processing, retailing and consumption.", "Food waste __knowledge__ Global food loss and waste amounts to between one-third and one-half of all food produced.", "Food waste __knowledge__ Loss and wastage occurs at all stages of the food supply chain or value chain.", "Food waste __knowledge__ In low-income countries, most loss occurs during production, while in developed countries much food – about per person per year – is wasted at the consumption stage.", "Food waste __knowledge__ Generally, food loss or food waste is food that is lost during any of the four stages of the food supply chain: (1) growers, (2) processors, (3) retailers, and (4) consumers.", "Abstinence __knowledge__ Abstinence is a self-enforced restraint from indulging in bodily activities that are widely experienced as giving pleasure.", "Abstinence __knowledge__ Most frequently, the term refers to sexual abstinence, or abstinence from alcohol or food.", "Abstinence __knowledge__ The practice can arise from religious prohibitions and practical considerations.", "Abstinence __knowledge__ Abstinence may also refer to drugs.", "Abstinence __knowledge__ For example, one can abstain from smoking.", "Abstinence __knowledge__ Abstinence has diverse forms.", "Abstinence __knowledge__ Commonly it refers to a temporary or partial abstinence from food, as in fasting.", "Abstinence __knowledge__ In the twelve-step program of Overeaters Anonymous abstinence is the term for refraining from compulsive eating, akin in meaning to sobriety for alcoholics.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Elvis Aaron Presley (January 8, 1935 – August 16, 1977) was an American singer, musician, and actor.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Regarded as one of the most significant cultural icons of the 20th century, he is often referred to as the \"King of Rock and Roll\" or simply \"the King\".", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Presley was born in Tupelo, Mississippi, and relocated to Memphis, Tennessee, with his family when he was 13 years old.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ His music career began there in 1954, recording at Sun Records with producer Sam Phillips, who wanted to bring the sound of African American music to a wider audience.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Accompanied by guitarist Scotty Moore and bassist Bill Black, Presley was a pioneer of rockabilly, an uptempo, backbeat-driven fusion of country music and rhythm and blues.", "Diabetes mellitus type 2 __knowledge__ Diabetes mellitus type 2 (also known as type 2 diabetes) is a long-term metabolic disorder that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin.", "Diabetes mellitus type 2 __knowledge__ Common symptoms include increased thirst, frequent urination, and unexplained weight loss.", "Diabetes mellitus type 2 __knowledge__ Symptoms may also include increased hunger, feeling tired, and sores that do not heal.", "Diabetes mellitus type 2 __knowledge__ Often symptoms come on slowly.", "Diabetes mellitus type 2 __knowledge__ Long-term complications from high blood sugar include heart disease, strokes, diabetic retinopathy which can result in blindness, kidney failure, and poor blood flow in the limbs which may lead to amputations.", "Insulin resistance __knowledge__ Insulin resistance (IR) is a pathological condition in which cells fail to respond normally to the hormone insulin.", "Insulin resistance __knowledge__ The body produces insulin when glucose starts to be released into the bloodstream from the digestion of carbohydrates in the diet.", "Insulin resistance __knowledge__ Normally this insulin response triggers glucose being taken into body cells, to be used for energy, and inhibits the body from using fat for energy.", "Insulin resistance __knowledge__ The concentration of glucose in the blood decreases as a result, staying within the normal range even when a large amount of carbohydrates is consumed.", "Insulin resistance __knowledge__ When the body produces insulin under conditions of insulin resistance, the cells are resistant to the insulin and are unable to use it as effectively, leading to high blood sugar.", "Diabetes management __knowledge__ The term \"diabetes\" includes several different metabolic disorders that all, if left untreated, result in abnormally high concentration of a sugar called glucose in the blood.", "Diabetes management __knowledge__ Diabetes mellitus type 1 results when the pancreas no longer produces significant amounts of the hormone insulin, usually owing to the autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas.", "Diabetes management __knowledge__ Diabetes mellitus type 2, in contrast, is now thought to result from autoimmune attacks on the pancreas and/or insulin resistance.", "Diabetes management __knowledge__ The pancreas of a person with type 2 diabetes may be producing normal or even abnormally large amounts of insulin.", "Metabolic syndrome __knowledge__ Metabolic syndrome, sometimes known by other names, is a clustering of at least three of the five following medical conditions: abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, high blood sugar, high serum triglycerides and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels.", "Metabolic syndrome __knowledge__ Metabolic syndrome is associated with the risk of developing cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. In the US about a quarter of the adult population have metabolic syndrome, and the prevalence increases with age, with racial and ethnic minorities being particularly affected.", "Metabolic syndrome __knowledge__ Insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and prediabetes are closely related to one another and have overlapping aspects.", "Gestational diabetes __knowledge__ Gestational diabetes is a condition in which a woman without diabetes develops high blood sugar levels during pregnancy.", "Gestational diabetes __knowledge__ Gestational diabetes generally results in few symptoms; however, it does increase the risk of pre-eclampsia, depression, and requiring a Caesarean section.", "Gestational diabetes __knowledge__ Babies born to mothers with poorly treated gestational diabetes are at increased risk of being too large, having low blood sugar after birth, and jaundice.", "Gestational diabetes __knowledge__ If untreated, it can also result in a stillbirth.", "Gestational diabetes __knowledge__ Long term, children are at higher risk of being overweight and developing type 2 diabetes.", "Gestational diabetes __knowledge__ Gestational diabetes is caused by not enough insulin in the setting of insulin resistance.", "Diabetic ketoacidosis __knowledge__ Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a potentially life-threatening complication of diabetes mellitus.", "Diabetic ketoacidosis __knowledge__ Signs and symptoms may include vomiting, abdominal pain, deep gasping breathing, increased urination, weakness, confusion, and occasionally loss of consciousness.", "Diabetic ketoacidosis __knowledge__ A person's breath may develop a specific smell.", "Diabetic ketoacidosis __knowledge__ Onset of symptoms is usually rapid.", "Diabetic ketoacidosis __knowledge__ In some cases people may not realize they previously had diabetes.", "Diabetic ketoacidosis __knowledge__ DKA happens most often in those with type 1 diabetes, but can also occur in those with other types of diabetes under certain circumstances.", "Diabetic ketoacidosis __knowledge__ Triggers may include infection, not taking insulin correctly, stroke, and certain medications such as steroids." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Diabetes mellitus (DM), commonly referred to as diabetes, is a group of metabolic disorders in which there are high blood sugar levels over a prolonged period.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Symptoms of high blood sugar include frequent urination, increased thirst, and increased hunger.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ If left untreated, diabetes can cause many complications.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Acute complications can include diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state, or death.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Serious long-term complications include cardiovascular disease, stroke, chronic kidney disease, foot ulcers, and damage to the eyes.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Diabetes is due to either the pancreas not producing enough insulin or the cells of the body not responding properly to the insulin produced.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ There are three main types of diabetes mellitus: Prevention and treatment involve maintaining a healthy diet, regular physical exercise, a normal body weight, and avoiding use of tobacco.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Control of blood pressure and maintaining proper foot care are important for people with the disease.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Type 1 DM must be managed with insulin injections.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Type 2 DM may be treated with medications with or without insulin.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Insulin and some oral medications can cause low blood sugar.", "Diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Weight loss surgery in those with obesity is sometimes an effective measure in those with type 2 DM.", "Diabetes mellitus type 1 __knowledge__ Diabetes mellitus type 1 (also known as type 1 diabetes) is a form of diabetes mellitus in which not enough insulin is produced.", "Diabetes mellitus type 1 __knowledge__ This results in high blood sugar levels in the body.", "Diabetes mellitus type 1 __knowledge__ The classical symptoms are frequent urination, increased thirst, increased hunger, and weight loss.", "Diabetes mellitus type 1 __knowledge__ Additional symptoms may include blurry vision, feeling tired, and poor healing.", "Diabetes mellitus type 1 __knowledge__ Symptoms typically develop over a short period of time.", "Diabetes mellitus type 1 __knowledge__ The cause of type 1 diabetes is unknown.", "Diabetes mellitus type 1 __knowledge__ However, it is believed to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors.", "Diabetes mellitus type 1 __knowledge__ Risk factors include having a family member with the condition.", "Diabetes management __knowledge__ The term \"diabetes\" includes several different metabolic disorders that all, if left untreated, result in abnormally high concentration of a sugar called glucose in the blood.", "Diabetes management __knowledge__ Diabetes mellitus type 1 results when the pancreas no longer produces significant amounts of the hormone insulin, usually owing to the autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas.", "Diabetes management __knowledge__ Diabetes mellitus type 2, in contrast, is now thought to result from autoimmune attacks on the pancreas and/or insulin resistance.", "Diabetes management __knowledge__ The pancreas of a person with type 2 diabetes may be producing normal or even abnormally large amounts of insulin.", "Native American disease and epidemics __knowledge__ European diseases and epidemics pervade many aspects of Native American life, both throughout history and in the present day.", "Native American disease and epidemics __knowledge__ Diseases and epidemics can be chronicled from centuries ago when European settlers brought forth diseases that devastated entire tribes.", "Native American disease and epidemics __knowledge__ This has even led to affect modern day Native Americans who continue to face serious struggles with particular diseases.", "Native American disease and epidemics __knowledge__ The current crises in diseases and epidemics are addressed by many different groups, both governmental and independent, and is done through a multitude of programs.", "Native American disease and epidemics __knowledge__ The arrival of Europeans also brought on the Columbian Exchange.", "Diabetes mellitus type 2 __knowledge__ Diabetes mellitus type 2 (also known as type 2 diabetes) is a long-term metabolic disorder that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin.", "Diabetes mellitus type 2 __knowledge__ Common symptoms include increased thirst, frequent urination, and unexplained weight loss.", "Diabetes mellitus type 2 __knowledge__ Symptoms may also include increased hunger, feeling tired, and sores that do not heal.", "Diabetes mellitus type 2 __knowledge__ Often symptoms come on slowly.", "Diabetes mellitus type 2 __knowledge__ Long-term complications from high blood sugar include heart disease, strokes, diabetic retinopathy which can result in blindness, kidney failure, and poor blood flow in the limbs which may lead to amputations.", "Epidemiology of diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Globally, an estimated 422 million adults are living with diabetes mellitus, according to the latest 2016 data from the World Health Organization (WHO).", "Epidemiology of diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Diabetes prevalence is increasing rapidly; previous 2013 estimates from the International Diabetes Federation put the number at 381 million people having diabetes.", "Epidemiology of diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ The number is projected to almost double by 2030.", "Epidemiology of diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Type 2 diabetes makes up about 85-90% of all cases.", "Epidemiology of diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Increases in the overall diabetes prevalence rates largely reflect an increase in risk factors for type 2, notably greater longevity and being overweight or obese.", "Epidemiology of diabetes mellitus __knowledge__ Diabetes mellitus occurs throughout the world, but is more common (especially type 2) in the more developed countries.", "Epidemiology of metabolic syndrome __knowledge__ This article provides a global overview of the current trends and distribution of metabolic syndrome.", "Epidemiology of metabolic syndrome __knowledge__ Metabolic syndrome (also known as the cardiometabolic syndrome) refers to a cluster of related risk factors for cardiovascular disease that includes abdominal obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and elevated cholesterol.", "Epidemiology of metabolic syndrome __knowledge__ Data from the World Health Organization suggests 65% of the world's population live in countries where overweight and obesity kills more people than underweight.", "Epidemiology of metabolic syndrome __knowledge__ The WHO defines “overweight” as a BMI greater than or equal to 25, and “obesity” as a BMI greater than or equal to 30.", "Epidemiology of metabolic syndrome __knowledge__ Both overweight and obesity are major risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, specifically heart disease and stroke, and diabetes.", "The Mind Is a Terrible Thing to Taste __knowledge__ The Mind Is a Terrible Thing to Taste is the fourth studio album by industrial metal band Ministry, released in 1989 through Sire/Warner Bros. Records.", "The Mind Is a Terrible Thing to Taste __knowledge__ The music took a more hardcore, aggressively guitar-driven direction.", "The Mind Is a Terrible Thing to Taste __knowledge__ Jourgensen was inspired by Stormtroopers of Death and Rigor Mortis to add Thrash Metal guitars to \"The Mind Is a Terrible Thing to Taste\" and other subsequent Ministry albums.", "The Mind Is a Terrible Thing to Taste __knowledge__ As with most of Ministry's work, the album's lyrics deal mainly with political corruption (\"Thieves\"); cultural violence (\"So What\"); environmental degradation, and nuclear war (\"Breathe\"); drug addiction (\"Burning Inside\"); and insanity (\"Cannibal Song\").", "Jim Steinman __knowledge__ James Richard Steinman (born November 1, 1947) is an American composer, lyricist, and Grammy Award-winning record producer responsible for many hit songs.", "Jim Steinman __knowledge__ He has also worked as an arranger, pianist and singer.", "Jim Steinman __knowledge__ His work has included songs in the adult contemporary, rock and roll, dance, pop, musical theater and film score genres.", "Jim Steinman __knowledge__ Beginning his career in musical theater, Steinman's most notable work in the area includes lyrics for \"Whistle Down the Wind\" and music for \"Tanz der Vampire\".", "Jim Steinman __knowledge__ His work includes such albums as Meat Loaf's \"Bat Out of Hell\" and \"\", and producing albums for Bonnie Tyler.", "Jim Steinman __knowledge__ His most successful chart singles include Bonnie Tyler's \"Total Eclipse of the Heart\", Air Supply's \"Making Love Out of Nothing at All\", Meat Loaf's \"I'd Do Anything for Love (But I Won't Do That)\", the Sisters of Mercy's \"This Corrosion\" and \"More\", Barry Manilow's \"Read 'Em and Weep\" (originally released by Meat Loaf), Celine Dion's cover of \"It's All Coming Back to Me Now\" (originally released by Steinman's project Pandora's Box, and later by Meat Loaf and Marion Raven) and Boyzone's \"No Matter What\".", "Ministry (band) __knowledge__ Ministry is an American industrial metal band, founded in 1981 by Al Jourgensen in Chicago, Illinois.", "Ministry (band) __knowledge__ Originally a synth-pop outfit, Ministry shifted its style to become one of the pioneers of industrial metal in the mid-to-late 1980s.", "Ministry (band) __knowledge__ The band's lineup has gone through many changes throughout its history, with Jourgensen remaining the only constant as the band's main producer, singer, songwriter, and instrumentalist.", "Ministry (band) __knowledge__ Notable musicians who have contributed to the band's studio and live activities include Paul Barker, Bill Rieflin, Nivek Ogre, Mike Scaccia, Rey Washam, Paul Raven and Tony Campos.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Better Together (campaign) __knowledge__ Better Together was the principal campaign for a \"No\" vote in the Scottish independence referendum, 2014, advocating Scotland continuing to be part of the United Kingdom.", "Better Together (campaign) __knowledge__ The organisation was formed in June 2012, operating until winning the vote on the referendum's polling day on 18 September 2014 with 2,001,926 (55.3%) voting against independence and 1,617,989 (44.7%) voting in favour.", "Better Together (campaign) __knowledge__ In June 2014, the campaign adopted a No Thanks branding, in relation to the referendum question.", "Better Together (campaign) __knowledge__ Better Together was formed with the support of the three main pro-UK political parties in Scotland: Scottish Labour, the Scottish Conservative Party, and the Scottish Liberal Democrats, with each represented on its management board.", "Nivek Ogre __knowledge__ Nivek Ogre (born Kevin Graham Ogilvie December 5, 1962) is a Canadian musician, performance artist and actor best known as a founding member of the industrial music group Skinny Puppy.", "Nivek Ogre __knowledge__ Since that band featured another Kevin (Crompton, a.k.a.", "Nivek Ogre __knowledge__ cEvin Key) and was produced by another Ogilvie (Dave, a.k.a.", "Nivek Ogre __knowledge__ Rave), Ogre's alias was practical as well as theatrical.", "Nivek Ogre __knowledge__ Since 1982, he has served as Skinny Puppy's primary lyricist and vocalist, occasionally providing instrumentation and samples.", "Nivek Ogre __knowledge__ Ogre's charismatic personality, guttural vocals and use of costumes, props, and fake blood on stage helped to expand Skinny Puppy's fanbase and has inspired numerous other musicians.", "What a Terrible Thing to Say __knowledge__ What a Terrible Thing to Say is the second full-length album from the post-hardcore band Four Letter Lie.", "What a Terrible Thing to Say __knowledge__ It was released on February 19, 2008, through Victory Records.", "What a Terrible Thing to Say __knowledge__ In February and March 2008, the band went on a US tour alongside Silverstein, the Devil Wears Prada, Protest the Hero and A Day to Remember.", "What a Terrible Thing to Say __knowledge__ In October and November, the band supported Pierce the Veil on their headlining US tour.", "What a Terrible Thing to Say __knowledge__ In December, the band went on an east coast tour with This Is Hell, Evergreen Terrace and Casey Jones.", "What a Terrible Thing to Say __knowledge__ Videos have been released for \"Cake Eater\" and \"Nothing But a Ghost\".", "What a Terrible Thing to Say __knowledge__ The album is the group's last record with Kevin Skaff and Derek Smith." ] ]

[ 2, 51, 22, 0, 1 ]

[ "My grandpa had this. Some of his symptoms included high blood sugar include frequent urination, increased thirst, and increased hunger.", "There is a type 1 and type 2. My grandpa had type 1 which was form of diabetes mellitus in which not enough insulin is produced.", "Yes, type 2 is a long-term metabolic disorder that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin. My grandpa managed ok.", "Yes, you are correct. It is a terrible thing to have.", "It is caused when a group of metabolic disorders in which there are high blood sugar levels over a prolonged period." ]

[ "Diabetes mellitus", "Diabetes mellitus", "Diabetes mellitus", "Diabetes mellitus", "Diabetes mellitus" ]

[ "Country music", "Yes, I do like country music. Do you?", "I also like Carrie Underwood. I know Taylor Swift isn't really considered country anymore but I also like her." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Country music __knowledge__ Country (or country and western) is a musical genre that originated in the southern United States in the early 1920s.", "Country music __knowledge__ It takes its roots from genres such as folk music (especially Appalachian folk music) and blues.", "Country music __knowledge__ Country music often consists of ballads and dance tunes with generally simple forms, folk lyric and harmonies accompanied by mostly string instruments such as banjos, electric and acoustic guitars, steel guitars (such as pedal steels and dobros), and fiddles as well as harmonicas.", "Country music __knowledge__ Blues modes have been used extensively throughout its recorded history.", "Country music __knowledge__ According to Lindsey Starnes, the term \"country music\" gained popularity in the 1940s in preference to the earlier term \"hillbilly music\"; it came to encompass Western music, which evolved parallel to hillbilly music from similar roots, in the mid-20th century.", "Country music __knowledge__ In 2009, in the United States country music was the most listened to rush hour radio genre during the evening commute, and second most popular in the morning commute.", "Country music __knowledge__ The term \"country music\" is used today to describe many styles and subgenres.", "Country music __knowledge__ The origins of country music are the folk music of working class Americans, who blended popular songs, Irish and Celtic fiddle tunes, traditional English ballads, and cowboy songs, and various musical traditions from European immigrant communities." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Country music __knowledge__ Country (or country and western) is a musical genre that originated in the southern United States in the early 1920s.", "Country music __knowledge__ It takes its roots from genres such as folk music (especially Appalachian folk music) and blues.", "Country music __knowledge__ Country music often consists of ballads and dance tunes with generally simple forms, folk lyric and harmonies accompanied by mostly string instruments such as banjos, electric and acoustic guitars, steel guitars (such as pedal steels and dobros), and fiddles as well as harmonicas.", "Country music __knowledge__ Blues modes have been used extensively throughout its recorded history.", "Country music __knowledge__ According to Lindsey Starnes, the term \"country music\" gained popularity in the 1940s in preference to the earlier term \"hillbilly music\"; it came to encompass Western music, which evolved parallel to hillbilly music from similar roots, in the mid-20th century.", "Country music __knowledge__ In 2009, in the United States country music was the most listened to rush hour radio genre during the evening commute, and second most popular in the morning commute.", "Country music __knowledge__ The term \"country music\" is used today to describe many styles and subgenres.", "Country music __knowledge__ The origins of country music are the folk music of working class Americans, who blended popular songs, Irish and Celtic fiddle tunes, traditional English ballads, and cowboy songs, and various musical traditions from European immigrant communities.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ The music of the United States reflects the country's multi-ethnic population through a diverse array of styles.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ It is a mixture of music influenced by West African, Irish, Scottish and mainland European among others.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ The country's most internationally renowned genres are jazz, blues, country, bluegrass, rock, rhythm and blues, soul, ragtime, hip hop, barbershop, pop, experimental, techno, house, dance, boogaloo, salsa, and rock and roll.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ The United States has the world's largest music market with a total retail value of 4,898.3 million dollars in 2014, and its music is heard around the world.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ Since the beginning of the 20th century, some forms of American popular music have gained a near global audience.", "Buddy Williams (country musician) __knowledge__ Buddy Williams (5 September 1918 – 12 December 1986), born as Harry Taylor and also known as Harold Williams, was a pioneering Australian country musician, singer and songwriter, known as \"The Yodelling Jackaroo\".", "Buddy Williams (country musician) __knowledge__ Williams was the first Australian to record country music in Australia, three years after the New Zealander Tex Morton made his first recording in Australia.", "Buddy Williams (country musician) __knowledge__ Williams recorded his own songs about life and times in the Australian bush.", "Buddy Williams (country musician) __knowledge__ It was with Williams that the Bush Ballad was first born.", "Buddy Williams (country musician) __knowledge__ Williams' recording of \"Give A Little Credit To Dad\", complete with trademark yodel, was added to the Sounds of Australia project by the National Film and Sound Archive in Canberra.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Carrie Underwood __knowledge__ Carrie Marie Underwood (born March 10, 1983) is an American country singer, songwriter, and actress.", "Carrie Underwood __knowledge__ She rose to fame as the winner of the fourth season of \"American Idol\", in 2005.", "Carrie Underwood __knowledge__ Her debut album, \"Some Hearts\", was released in 2005.", "Carrie Underwood __knowledge__ Bolstered by the huge crossover success of the singles \"Jesus, Take the Wheel\" and \"Before He Cheats\", it became the best-selling solo female debut album in country music history, the fastest-selling debut country album in Nielsen SoundScan history and the best-selling country album of the last 14 years.", "Carrie Underwood __knowledge__ Underwood won three Grammy Awards for the album, including Best New Artist.", "Loretta Lynn __knowledge__ Loretta Lynn (née Webb; born April 14, 1932) is an American country music singer-songwriter with multiple gold albums in a career spanning almost 60 years.", "Loretta Lynn __knowledge__ She is famous for hits such as \"You Ain't Woman Enough (To Take My Man)\", \"Don't Come Home A' Drinkin' (With Lovin' on Your Mind)\", \"One's on the Way\", \"Fist City\", and \"Coal Miner's Daughter\" along with the 1980 biographical film of the same name.", "Loretta Lynn __knowledge__ Lynn has received numerous awards and other accolades for her groundbreaking role in country music, including awards from both the Country Music Association and Academy of Country Music as a duet partner and an individual artist.", "Old-time music __knowledge__ Old-time music is a genre of North American folk music.", "Old-time music __knowledge__ It developed along with various North American folk dances, such as square dancing, clogging, and buck dancing.", "Old-time music __knowledge__ It is played on acoustic instruments, generally centering on a combination of fiddle and plucked string instruments (most often the guitar and banjo), as well as the mandolin.", "Old-time music __knowledge__ Reflecting the cultures that settled North America, the roots of old-time music are in the traditional musics of the British Isles (primarily English and Scottish), Ireland and Africa.", "Old-time music __knowledge__ African influences include the banjo.", "Old-time music __knowledge__ In some regions French and German sources are also prominent.", "Australian country music __knowledge__ Australian country music is a part of the music of Australia.", "Australian country music __knowledge__ There is a broad range of styles, from bluegrass, to yodeling to folk to the more popular.", "Australian country music __knowledge__ The genre has been influenced by Celtic and English folk music, the Australian bush ballad tradition, as well as by popular American country music.", "Australian country music __knowledge__ Themes include: outback life, the lives of stockmen, truckers and outlaws, songs of romance and of political protest; and songs about the \"beauty and the terror\" of the Australian bush.", "Australian country music __knowledge__ Early pioneers included Slim Dusty, Smoky Dawson (MBE), (OAM), Tex Morton and Buddy Williams all members of the Australasian Roll Of Renown." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Country music __knowledge__ Country (or country and western) is a musical genre that originated in the southern United States in the early 1920s.", "Country music __knowledge__ It takes its roots from genres such as folk music (especially Appalachian folk music) and blues.", "Country music __knowledge__ Country music often consists of ballads and dance tunes with generally simple forms, folk lyric and harmonies accompanied by mostly string instruments such as banjos, electric and acoustic guitars, steel guitars (such as pedal steels and dobros), and fiddles as well as harmonicas.", "Country music __knowledge__ Blues modes have been used extensively throughout its recorded history.", "Country music __knowledge__ According to Lindsey Starnes, the term \"country music\" gained popularity in the 1940s in preference to the earlier term \"hillbilly music\"; it came to encompass Western music, which evolved parallel to hillbilly music from similar roots, in the mid-20th century.", "Country music __knowledge__ In 2009, in the United States country music was the most listened to rush hour radio genre during the evening commute, and second most popular in the morning commute.", "Country music __knowledge__ The term \"country music\" is used today to describe many styles and subgenres.", "Country music __knowledge__ The origins of country music are the folk music of working class Americans, who blended popular songs, Irish and Celtic fiddle tunes, traditional English ballads, and cowboy songs, and various musical traditions from European immigrant communities.", "Carrie Underwood __knowledge__ Carrie Marie Underwood (born March 10, 1983) is an American country singer, songwriter, and actress.", "Carrie Underwood __knowledge__ She rose to fame as the winner of the fourth season of \"American Idol\", in 2005.", "Carrie Underwood __knowledge__ Her debut album, \"Some Hearts\", was released in 2005.", "Carrie Underwood __knowledge__ Bolstered by the huge crossover success of the singles \"Jesus, Take the Wheel\" and \"Before He Cheats\", it became the best-selling solo female debut album in country music history, the fastest-selling debut country album in Nielsen SoundScan history and the best-selling country album of the last 14 years.", "Carrie Underwood __knowledge__ Underwood won three Grammy Awards for the album, including Best New Artist.", "Our Song (Taylor Swift song) __knowledge__ \"Our Song\" is a country song performed by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift.", "Our Song (Taylor Swift song) __knowledge__ The song was written by Swift and produced by Nathan Chapman.", "Our Song (Taylor Swift song) __knowledge__ It was released on September 9, 2007 by Big Machine Records as the third single from Swift's eponymous debut album, \"Taylor Swift\" (2006).", "Our Song (Taylor Swift song) __knowledge__ Swift solely composed \"Our Song\" for the talent show of her freshman year in high school, about a boyfriend who she did not have a song with.", "Our Song (Taylor Swift song) __knowledge__ It was included on \"Taylor Swift\" as she recalled its popularity with her classmates.", "Our Song (Taylor Swift song) __knowledge__ The uptempo track is musically driven mainly by banjo and lyrically describes a young couple who use the events in their lives in place of a regular song.", "Kellie Pickler __knowledge__ Kellie Dawn Pickler (born June 28, 1986) is an American country music artist and a television personality.", "Kellie Pickler __knowledge__ Pickler gained fame as a contestant on the fifth season of \"American Idol\" and finished in sixth place.", "Kellie Pickler __knowledge__ In 2006, she signed to 19 Recordings and BNA Records as a recording artist.", "Kellie Pickler __knowledge__ Her debut album, \"Small Town Girl\", was released later that year and has sold over 900,000 copies.", "Kellie Pickler __knowledge__ The album, which was certified gold by the RIAA, produced three singles on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Songs charts: \"Red High Heels\" at #15, \"I Wonder\" at #14, and \"Things That Never Cross a Man's Mind\" at #16.", "Kellie Pickler __knowledge__ Pickler released her self-titled second album in 2008 that produced four singles: \"Don't You Know You're Beautiful\" at #21, \"Best Days of Your Life\" at #9 (which she co-wrote with Taylor Swift), \"Didn't You Know How Much I Loved You\" at #14, and \"Makin' Me Fall in Love Again\" at #30.", "Blown Away (song) __knowledge__ \"Blown Away\" is a song by American recording artist Carrie Underwood, taken from her fourth studio album of the same name (2012).", "Blown Away (song) __knowledge__ The song served as the album's second single on July 9, 2012 through Arista Nashville.", "Blown Away (song) __knowledge__ Written by Chris Tompkins and Josh Kear, who previously wrote Underwood's single \"Before He Cheats\" (2007), \"Blown Away\" is a country pop song with lyrics addressing the story of a daughter locking herself in a storm cellar while her alcoholic father is passed out on the couch in the path of a tornado.", "Blown Away (song) __knowledge__ Producer Mark Bright drew inspiration from 1980s music.", "Blown Away (song) __knowledge__ Upon its release, \"Blown Away\" was met with positive reviews from music critics, who considered it to be the musical highlight of the album.", "2009 MTV Video Music Awards __knowledge__ The 2009 MTV Video Music Awards took place on September 13, 2009, at Radio City Music Hall in New York City, honoring the best music videos from June 19, 2008, to June 29, 2009.", "2009 MTV Video Music Awards __knowledge__ Comedian Russell Brand hosted the event for the second time in a row.", "2009 MTV Video Music Awards __knowledge__ The awards were held a few months after Michael Jackson died.", "2009 MTV Video Music Awards __knowledge__ The VMAs dedicated the night to Jackson with an opening performance featuring a music video montage medley with dancers performing Jackson's choreography and concluding with a special appearance by Janet Jackson performing her duet \"Scream\" alongside footage of her brother.", "2009 MTV Video Music Awards __knowledge__ Madonna opened the show with a speech about Jackson.", "Taylor Swift (album) __knowledge__ Taylor Swift is the debut studio album by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift, released on October 24, 2006, by Big Machine Records.", "Taylor Swift (album) __knowledge__ Swift was 16 years old at the time of the album's release and wrote its songs during her freshman year of high school.", "Taylor Swift (album) __knowledge__ Swift has writing credits on all of the album's songs, including those co-written with Liz Rose.", "Taylor Swift (album) __knowledge__ Swift experimented with several producers, ultimately choosing Nathan Chapman, who had produced her demo album.", "Taylor Swift (album) __knowledge__ Musically, the album is country music styled, and lyrically it speaks of romantic relationships, a couple of which Swift wrote from observing relationships before being in one.", "Steve McEwan __knowledge__ Steve McEwan is a British-born South African songwriter, artist, and musician.", "Steve McEwan __knowledge__ His songs have been recorded by country music artists including Kenny Chesney, Carrie Underwood, Faith Hill and Keith Urban.", "Steve McEwan __knowledge__ Outside of country he has written with rock and pop stars such as Kylie Minogue, Roger Daltrey, David Archuleta, James Morrison, James Blunt, James Bay (singer) and James Arthur as well as rapper Eminem.", "Steve McEwan __knowledge__ Steve first began playing music at the age of 10 when his family relocated from Scotland to South Africa.", "Steve McEwan __knowledge__ He was just 17 when Miriam Makeba, the queen of African music, recorded his song \"I Still Long for You\".", "Smoke Break __knowledge__ \"Smoke Break\" is a song recorded by American country music artist Carrie Underwood from her fifth studio album, \"Storyteller\".", "Smoke Break __knowledge__ It was released on August 21, 2015, through Sony Music Nashville, as the album's lead single.", "Smoke Break __knowledge__ It was written by Underwood, Chris DeStefano, and Hillary Lindsey, and was produced by Jay Joyce.", "Smoke Break __knowledge__ Musically, it has lyrics about escaping life's many stresses.", "Smoke Break __knowledge__ \"Smoke Break\" was met with critical acclaim, with music critics describing it as \"a homage to hard working people in need of a breather\".", "Smoke Break __knowledge__ It quickly became a commercial success, setting an all-time record for the largest first-week adds at country radio.", "Ever Ever After __knowledge__ \"Ever Ever After\" is a song by American singer Carrie Underwood, written by composer Alan Menken and lyricist Stephen Schwartz for \"Enchanted \"(2007).", "Ever Ever After __knowledge__ The song, which was the last of several written for the film, appears as the fifth track on its soundtrack album.", "Ever Ever After __knowledge__ A mid-tempo country pop ballad that incorporates elements of both pop and rock music, the lyrics of \"Ever Ever After\" speak of falling in love and discovering one's happily ever after, as well as several other traditional elements that are often associated with fairy tales.", "Ever Ever After __knowledge__ \"Ever Ever After\" was written by Menken and Schwartz to replace a duet by actors Idina Menzel and James Marsden that was meant to take place during the film's narrative.", "American Idol __knowledge__ American Idol is an American singing competition television series created by Simon Fuller, produced by FremantleMedia North America and 19 Entertainment, and distributed by FremantleMedia North America.", "American Idol __knowledge__ It began airing on Fox on June 11, 2002, and ended its first run on April 7, 2016.", "American Idol __knowledge__ On March 11, 2018, the show will make its debut on ABC.", "American Idol __knowledge__ It started off as an addition to the \"Idols\" format based on the British series \"Pop Idol\", and became one of the most successful shows in the history of American television.", "American Idol __knowledge__ The concept of the series involves discovering recording stars from unsigned singing talents, with the winner determined by the viewers in America through telephones, Internet, and SMS text voting.", "Play On (Carrie Underwood album) __knowledge__ Play On is the third studio album by American singer and songwriter Carrie Underwood.", "Play On (Carrie Underwood album) __knowledge__ It was released in the United States on November 3, 2009, through Arista Nashville.", "Play On (Carrie Underwood album) __knowledge__ The album debuted at number one on the \"Billboard\" 200 with first week sales of 318,000 copies, which was rated as the highest first-week sales for a female artist in 2009 upon release.", "Play On (Carrie Underwood album) __knowledge__ It is her second album to debut at number one on the \"Billboard\" 200, and her third to debut atop the \"Billboard\" Top Country Albums chart.", "Play On (Carrie Underwood album) __knowledge__ As of October 2016, the album has been certified 3x Platinum by the RIAA, Platinum by the CRIA and Gold by the ARIA." ] ]

[ 0, 0, 56 ]

[ "Do you like country music?", "I like Carrie Underwood! Who do you listen to?", "I first heard Carrie Underwood on the singing competition television series, American Idol. If I remember correctly, Taylor Swift was first being discovered around that time, too!" ]

[ "Country music", "Country music", "Country music" ]

[ "Trumpet\nHi buddy,I love trumpet", "I dont know more about the book. What type of book is that?", "oh okay. Its novel. What was main topic in this novel", "ok. It was first published at 1987. i m right", "okay guitar also playing main character in this novel" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Trumpet __knowledge__ A trumpet is a brass instrument commonly used in classical and jazz ensembles.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ The trumpet group contains the instruments with the highest register in the brass family.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ Trumpet-like instruments have historically been used as signaling devices in battle or hunting, with examples dating back to at least 1500 BC; they began to be used as musical instruments only in the late 14th or early 15th century.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ Trumpets are used in art music styles, for instance in orchestras, concert bands, and jazz ensembles, as well as in popular music.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ They are played by blowing air through nearly-closed lips (called the player's embouchure), producing a \"buzzing\" sound that starts a standing wave vibration in the air column inside the instrument.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ Since the late 15th century they have primarily been constructed of brass tubing, usually bent twice into a rounded rectangular shape.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ There are many distinct types of trumpet, with the most common being pitched in B (a transposing instrument), having a tubing length of about .", "Trumpet __knowledge__ Early trumpets did not provide means to change the length of tubing, whereas modern instruments generally have three (or sometimes four) valves in order to change their pitch.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ Most trumpets have valves of the piston type, while some have the rotary type.", "Buddy's Song (novel) __knowledge__ Buddy's Song is a novel by British author Nigel Hinton which was first published in 1987.", "Buddy's Song (novel) __knowledge__ It is the second instalment in the Buddy trilogy, between Buddy and Buddy's Blues, and follows the story of Buddy as he started to pursue a musical career.", "Buddy's Song (novel) __knowledge__ The book was adapted into a film, directed by Claude Whatham and starring Roger Daltrey and Chesney Hawkes as Terry and Buddy respectively, in 1990.", "Buddy's Song (novel) __knowledge__ Whilst visiting the set in the television series based on the first book the author asked why they put a guitar in Buddy's bedroom.", "Buddy's Song (novel) __knowledge__ The set designer explained that he figured Terry got Buddy a guitar then he gave up when he could not play it.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ Hi-5 are an Australian children's musical group formed in 1998, who are associated with the children's television series of the same name.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ As of December 2016, the members are Lachie Dearing, Courtney Clarke, Shay Clifford, Joe Kalou and Bailey Spalding.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The group is aimed at preschoolers, composed of five performers who entertain and educate children through music, movement and play.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ \"Hi-5\" was created by Helena Harris and Posie Graeme-Evans, initially a television series for the Nine Network, which premiered in 1999.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The cast of the show became a recognised musical group for children.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The original members were Kellie Crawford, Kathleen de Leon Jones, Nathan Foley, Tim Harding and Charli Robinson.", "John Patton (musician) __knowledge__ John Patton (July 12, 1935 in Kansas City, Missouri – March 19, 2002 in Montclair, New Jersey), a jazz, blues and R&B pianist and organist, often known by his nickname, Big John Patton.", "John Patton (musician) __knowledge__ Patton was one of the most in-demand organists during the golden era of the Hammond B-3 organs between 1963 and 1970.", "John Patton (musician) __knowledge__ He was a major figure in the development of the funk and blues-rooted jazz style known as soul jazz and is considered a roots player who inspired the acid jazz movement.", "John Patton (musician) __knowledge__ He recorded extensively for Blue Note, and performed or collaborated with Lloyd Price, Grant Green, and Lou Donaldson.", "John Patton (musician) __knowledge__ Patton had a lower profile in the 1970s but enjoyed a comeback in the 1980s and '90s, often in collaboration with saxophonist John Zorn.", "Buddy's Beer Garden __knowledge__ Buddy's Beer Garden is an American animated short film, released November 18, 1933 (though at least one source gives November 11 as the date.)", "Buddy's Beer Garden __knowledge__ It is a \"Looney Tunes\" cartoon, featuring Buddy, the second star of the series.", "Buddy's Beer Garden __knowledge__ It was supervised by Earl Duvall, here credited as \"Duval,\" was one of only five Warner Bros. cartoons directed by him, and one of only three Buddy shorts.", "Buddy's Beer Garden __knowledge__ Musical direction was by Norman Spencer.", "Buddy's Beer Garden __knowledge__ We enter Buddy's beer garden, where are gathered many merry patrons, singing \"Oh du lieber Augustin\", mugs in hand.", "Buddy's Beer Garden __knowledge__ The happy opening scene fades to one of an equally merry Buddy, who balances a tray and sings of the good cheer his beer brings (to the tune of \"Auf Wiederseh'n (We'll Meet Again)\"), as he fixes a tablecloth and sets down two glasses of his ware, while a black dog, pretzels on its tail, behind him barks in tune.", "Buddy's Song (film) __knowledge__ Buddy's Song is a 1991 (copyrighted in 1990) British film starring Chesney Hawkes, Roger Daltrey, Sharon Duce and Michael Elphick, Based on the novel of the same name by Nigel Hinton.", "Buddy's Song (film) __knowledge__ The film is a dramatic comedy featuring a 17-year-old boy, Buddy Clark (Chesney Hawkes), who is determined to make it as a pop star, aided by his father Terry (Roger Daltrey).", "Buddy's Song (film) __knowledge__ He struggles with young love, estranged parents and the problems associated with making it in the music business.", "Buddy's Song (film) __knowledge__ The film was accompanied by a soundtrack album which featured Hawkes' hit \"The One and Only\".", "Buddy's Song (film) __knowledge__ It was filmed in London and various towns in the Thames Valley.", "Buddy Williams (country musician) __knowledge__ Buddy Williams (5 September 1918 – 12 December 1986), born as Harry Taylor and also known as Harold Williams, was a pioneering Australian country musician, singer and songwriter, known as \"The Yodelling Jackaroo\".", "Buddy Williams (country musician) __knowledge__ Williams was the first Australian to record country music in Australia, three years after the New Zealander Tex Morton made his first recording in Australia.", "Buddy Williams (country musician) __knowledge__ Williams recorded his own songs about life and times in the Australian bush.", "Buddy Williams (country musician) __knowledge__ It was with Williams that the Bush Ballad was first born.", "Buddy Williams (country musician) __knowledge__ Williams' recording of \"Give A Little Credit To Dad\", complete with trademark yodel, was added to the Sounds of Australia project by the National Film and Sound Archive in Canberra.", "Buddy Rich __knowledge__ Bernard \"Buddy\" Rich (September 30, 1917 – April 2, 1987) was an American jazz drummer and bandleader.", "Buddy Rich __knowledge__ Widely considered one of the most influential drummers of all time and known for his virtuoso technique, power, and speed, Rich was billed as \"the world's greatest drummer\" during his career.", "Buddy Rich __knowledge__ He performed with many bandleaders, most notably Tommy Dorsey, Harry James, Count Basie, and led his own big band.", "Buddy Rich __knowledge__ Rich was born in Sheepshead Bay, Brooklyn to Jewish-American parents Bess (née Skolnik) and Robert Rich, both vaudevillians.", "Buddy Rich __knowledge__ His talent for rhythm was first noted by his father, who saw that Rich could keep a steady beat with spoons at the age of one." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Trumpet __knowledge__ A trumpet is a brass instrument commonly used in classical and jazz ensembles.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ The trumpet group contains the instruments with the highest register in the brass family.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ Trumpet-like instruments have historically been used as signaling devices in battle or hunting, with examples dating back to at least 1500 BC; they began to be used as musical instruments only in the late 14th or early 15th century.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ Trumpets are used in art music styles, for instance in orchestras, concert bands, and jazz ensembles, as well as in popular music.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ They are played by blowing air through nearly-closed lips (called the player's embouchure), producing a \"buzzing\" sound that starts a standing wave vibration in the air column inside the instrument.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ Since the late 15th century they have primarily been constructed of brass tubing, usually bent twice into a rounded rectangular shape.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ There are many distinct types of trumpet, with the most common being pitched in B (a transposing instrument), having a tubing length of about .", "Trumpet __knowledge__ Early trumpets did not provide means to change the length of tubing, whereas modern instruments generally have three (or sometimes four) valves in order to change their pitch.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ Most trumpets have valves of the piston type, while some have the rotary type.", "Mahesh Chandra Regmi __knowledge__ Mahesh Chandra Regmi (December 1929 – July 2003) was a historian and archivist of Nepal.", "Mahesh Chandra Regmi __knowledge__ In 1977, became the first Nepali to receive the Ramon Magsaysay Award, Asia's most renowned award, for creating the Research Series.", "Mahesh Chandra Regmi __knowledge__ Regmi was awarded the prestigious Ramon Magsaysay Award in 1977 for recognition of his“chronicling of Nepal’s past and present, enabling his people to discover their origins anddelineating national options.” The citation presented to him on that occasion can be found atwww.rmaf.org.ph/Awardees/Citation/CitationRegmiMah.htm In honor of the contributions made by Regmi to the scholarship on Nepal, the Kathmandu-based academic NGO Social Science Baha instituted the annual Mahesh C. Regmi lecture series in 2003, the first of which was attended by Regmi himself, just weeks before his death.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The 2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team (variously \"Alabama\", \"UA\", \"Bama\" or \"The Tide\") represented the University of Alabama in the 2011 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ It was the Crimson Tide's 117th overall and 78th season as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and its 20th within the SEC Western Division.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The team was led by head coach Nick Saban, in his fifth year, and played their home games at Bryant–Denny Stadium in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ They finished the season with a record of twelve wins and one loss (12–1 overall, 7–1 in the SEC) and as consensus national champions.", "Markus Haris Maulana __knowledge__ Markus Haris Maulana or Muhammad Haris Maulana (born Markus Horison Ririhina on 14 March 1981 in Pangkalan Brandan, North Sumatra) is an Indonesian footballer who currently plays for Assalam FC in Liga Futebol Amadora.", "Markus Haris Maulana __knowledge__ He is a goalkeeper and he stands 183 cm.", "Markus Haris Maulana __knowledge__ He was the main goalkeeper of the Indonesia national football team.", "Markus Haris Maulana __knowledge__ His debut in the Senior National Team Squad came in a friendly match Indonesia against Hongkong on 1 June 2007, which Indonesia won the match 3–0.", "Markus Haris Maulana __knowledge__ He played one time in Asian Cup 2007 for Indonesia's match against South Korea on 18 July 2007.", "Markus Haris Maulana __knowledge__ Indonesia lost 0–1 in this game.", "What Price Confidence? __knowledge__ What Price Confidence?", "What Price Confidence? __knowledge__ (translated as \"Vertrauenssache\") is a chamber opera in nine scenes with music and libretto by Ernst Krenek, his Op.", "What Price Confidence? __knowledge__ 111.", "What Price Confidence? __knowledge__ This \"little drawing room comedy\" is set in London at the turn of the 20th century, and features a protagonist not unlike Max in \"Jonny spielt auf\", as the author points out in a preface; it owes something to Melville as well (specifically \"The Confidence-Man\"), as do his next two operas.", "What Price Confidence? __knowledge__ Composed during the winter of 1944–45 in St. Paul, it was Krenek's second attempt at an American opera and employed only four singers and piano.", "What Price Confidence? __knowledge__ It shared the fate of \"Tarquin\" in only reaching a belated premiere in Germany (Saarbrücken, 23 May 1962), but this time Krenek was sufficiently satisfied with his work to publish it with Bärenreiter (BA 4301), remarking that the Met singers who requested a touring piece simply couldn't find time for a hoped-for performance.", "DONT __knowledge__ In the card game contract bridge, DONT is a conventional overcall used to interfere with an opponent's one notrump (1NT) opening bid.", "DONT __knowledge__ DONT, an acronym for Disturb Opponents' Notrump, was designed by Marty Bergen, and is therefore also referred to as \"Bergen over Notrump\".", "DONT __knowledge__ Although the method is often criticized for being too nebulous, it remains fairly popular.", "DONT __knowledge__ The convention was first published in the September/October 1989 issue of \"Bridge Today\".", "DONT __knowledge__ In DONT, the two-level overcalls of trump show a two suiter of the suit bid and an unspecified higher-ranking suit.", "DONT __knowledge__ The feature distinguishing DONT from other similar conventions such as Cappelletti is the use of the double to show length in one suit, rather than hand strength or for .", "Romeo Miller __knowledge__ Percy Romeo Miller, Jr. (born August 19, 1989), better known by his stage name Maserati Rome or simply Rome (formerly Lil' Romeo and Romeo) or his acting/business name Romeo Miller, is an American rapper, actor, basketball player, entrepreneur, and model.", "Romeo Miller __knowledge__ Miller is the son of hip hop artist Master P. Miller has founded the record labels Guttar Music, Take A Stand, The Next Generation and his current label No Limit Forever.", "Romeo Miller __knowledge__ Miller gained fame in the early 2000s after signing with No Limit Records, his father's label at the time, with the help of his debut single \"My Baby\" which went on to be certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).", "Ralph Clark __knowledge__ Lieutenant Ralph Clark (30 March 1755 or 1762 – June 1794) was a British officer in the Royal Marines, best known for his diary spanning the early years of British settlement in Australia, including the voyage of the First Fleet.", "Ralph Clark __knowledge__ Born in Edinburgh, Scotland, Clark saw service in the American Revolutionary War before volunteering for the voyage to Australia.", "Ralph Clark __knowledge__ Arriving in New South Wales in January 1788, he filled a number of roles in the newly established colony, including serving on picket duty, guarding convicts, and on the Criminal Court.", "Ralph Clark __knowledge__ Having been temporarily promoted to the rank of first lieutenant, Clark was sent to Norfolk Island aboard HMS \"Sirius\" in March 1790, which was subsequently wrecked off the island's coast.", "Buddy (Hinton novel) __knowledge__ Buddy (1982) is a novel written by Nigel Hinton.", "Buddy (Hinton novel) __knowledge__ The main characters are Buddy Clark, his mother Carol Clark, his father Terry Clark and Julian and Charmian Rybeero.", "Buddy (Hinton novel) __knowledge__ The story deals with issues such as racism, thieving and child neglect.", "Buddy (Hinton novel) __knowledge__ The book was made into a television series starring Roger Daltrey as Buddy's father Terry in 1986.", "Buddy (Hinton novel) __knowledge__ It was the first installment in the Buddy trilogy and is followed by Buddy's Song (1987) which became a film (starring Chesney Hawkes and Roger Daltrey) in 1991 and Buddy's Blues (1995).", "Buddy (Hinton novel) __knowledge__ Buddy is still widely used in English lessons at British and Irish secondary schools, sometimes with the TV series to compare the two media.", "Nigel Hinton __knowledge__ Nigel Hinton (born 1941 in London) is an English novelist.", "Nigel Hinton __knowledge__ Nigel Hinton was born in London in 1941.", "Nigel Hinton __knowledge__ He attended Dulwich College.", "Nigel Hinton __knowledge__ He has been married to Rolande Lager since 1980.", "Nigel Hinton __knowledge__ Hinton worked in advertising for two years, then taught English for nine years at the Hugh Christie School in Tonbridge, Kent.", "Nigel Hinton __knowledge__ He then worked as a professional actor and did some part-time teaching before deciding to concentrate on writing.", "Nigel Hinton __knowledge__ He has written at least twenty three novels from \"Collision Course\" (1976) to \"The Norris Girls\" (2017) including the \"Buddy\" trilogy for teenagers and the \"Beaver Towers\" stories for younger children.", "Buddy's Song (novel) __knowledge__ Buddy's Song is a novel by British author Nigel Hinton which was first published in 1987.", "Buddy's Song (novel) __knowledge__ It is the second instalment in the Buddy trilogy, between Buddy and Buddy's Blues, and follows the story of Buddy as he started to pursue a musical career.", "Buddy's Song (novel) __knowledge__ The book was adapted into a film, directed by Claude Whatham and starring Roger Daltrey and Chesney Hawkes as Terry and Buddy respectively, in 1990.", "Buddy's Song (novel) __knowledge__ Whilst visiting the set in the television series based on the first book the author asked why they put a guitar in Buddy's bedroom.", "Buddy's Song (novel) __knowledge__ The set designer explained that he figured Terry got Buddy a guitar then he gave up when he could not play it.", "Buddy's Song (film) __knowledge__ Buddy's Song is a 1991 (copyrighted in 1990) British film starring Chesney Hawkes, Roger Daltrey, Sharon Duce and Michael Elphick, Based on the novel of the same name by Nigel Hinton.", "Buddy's Song (film) __knowledge__ The film is a dramatic comedy featuring a 17-year-old boy, Buddy Clark (Chesney Hawkes), who is determined to make it as a pop star, aided by his father Terry (Roger Daltrey).", "Buddy's Song (film) __knowledge__ He struggles with young love, estranged parents and the problems associated with making it in the music business.", "Buddy's Song (film) __knowledge__ The film was accompanied by a soundtrack album which featured Hawkes' hit \"The One and Only\".", "Buddy's Song (film) __knowledge__ It was filmed in London and various towns in the Thames Valley.", "Buddy Holly __knowledge__ Charles Hardin Holley (September 7, 1936 – February 3, 1959), known as Buddy Holly, was an American musician and singer-songwriter who was a central figure of mid-1950s rock and roll.", "Buddy Holly __knowledge__ He was born in Lubbock, Texas, to a musical family during the Great Depression, and learned to play guitar and sing alongside his siblings.", "Buddy Holly __knowledge__ His style was influenced by gospel music, country music, and rhythm and blues acts, and he performed in Lubbock with his friends from high school.", "Buddy Holly __knowledge__ He made his first appearance on local television in 1952, and the following year he formed the group \"Buddy and Bob\" with his friend Bob Montgomery.", "Buddy's Blues __knowledge__ Buddy's Blues is a novel by British author Nigel Hinton which was first published in 1995.", "Buddy's Blues __knowledge__ It is the third and final installment in the Buddy trilogy, after Buddy and Buddy's Song, and follows the rest of Buddy's life from the age of 18 including his musical career.", "Buddy's Blues __knowledge__ At the swimming pool the author once saw an old man trying to teach his granddaughter how to swim.", "Buddy's Blues __knowledge__ This made Hinton wonder if Terry would have done a better job looking after a grandchild than Buddy.", "Buddy's Blues __knowledge__ Also the film version of Buddy's Song had just been released and a song from the film went on to top the charts so the author combined the two to write Buddy's Blues.", "Buddy Rich __knowledge__ Bernard \"Buddy\" Rich (September 30, 1917 – April 2, 1987) was an American jazz drummer and bandleader.", "Buddy Rich __knowledge__ Widely considered one of the most influential drummers of all time and known for his virtuoso technique, power, and speed, Rich was billed as \"the world's greatest drummer\" during his career.", "Buddy Rich __knowledge__ He performed with many bandleaders, most notably Tommy Dorsey, Harry James, Count Basie, and led his own big band.", "Buddy Rich __knowledge__ Rich was born in Sheepshead Bay, Brooklyn to Jewish-American parents Bess (née Skolnik) and Robert Rich, both vaudevillians.", "Buddy Rich __knowledge__ His talent for rhythm was first noted by his father, who saw that Rich could keep a steady beat with spoons at the age of one." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Trumpet __knowledge__ A trumpet is a brass instrument commonly used in classical and jazz ensembles.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ The trumpet group contains the instruments with the highest register in the brass family.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ Trumpet-like instruments have historically been used as signaling devices in battle or hunting, with examples dating back to at least 1500 BC; they began to be used as musical instruments only in the late 14th or early 15th century.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ Trumpets are used in art music styles, for instance in orchestras, concert bands, and jazz ensembles, as well as in popular music.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ They are played by blowing air through nearly-closed lips (called the player's embouchure), producing a \"buzzing\" sound that starts a standing wave vibration in the air column inside the instrument.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ Since the late 15th century they have primarily been constructed of brass tubing, usually bent twice into a rounded rectangular shape.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ There are many distinct types of trumpet, with the most common being pitched in B (a transposing instrument), having a tubing length of about .", "Trumpet __knowledge__ Early trumpets did not provide means to change the length of tubing, whereas modern instruments generally have three (or sometimes four) valves in order to change their pitch.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ Most trumpets have valves of the piston type, while some have the rotary type.", "Ookla the Mok (band) __knowledge__ Ookla the Mok is a filk band fronted by Rand Bellavia and Adam English.", "Ookla the Mok (band) __knowledge__ The two met as undergraduates while attending Houghton College in 1988.", "Ookla the Mok (band) __knowledge__ The band is named after a character from the Ruby-Spears Productions cartoon \"Thundarr the Barbarian\", created by Steve Gerber.", "Ookla the Mok (band) __knowledge__ They provided the theme song to Disney's \"Fillmore!", "Ookla the Mok (band) __knowledge__ \", and scored the feature film \"Bite Me, Fanboy!\"", "Ookla the Mok (band) __knowledge__ They have won four Pegasus Awards for excellence in filk music, and the 2014 Logan Award for Outstanding Original Comedy Song (\"Mwahaha\").", "Ookla the Mok (band) __knowledge__ Ookla the Mok had the most requested song on Dr. Demento's syndicated radio show in both 2012 (\"Tantric Yoda\") and 2013.", "Mihail Sadoveanu __knowledge__ Mihail Sadoveanu (; occasionally referred to as Mihai Sadoveanu; November 5, 1880 – October 19, 1961) was a Romanian novelist, short story writer, journalist and political figure, who twice served as acting head of state for the communist republic (1947–1948 and 1958).", "Mihail Sadoveanu __knowledge__ One of the most prolific Romanian-language writers, he is remembered mostly for his historical and adventure novels, as well as for his nature writing.", "Mihail Sadoveanu __knowledge__ An author whose career spanned five decades, Sadoveanu was an early associate of the traditionalist magazine \"Sămănătorul\", before becoming known as a Realist writer and an adherent to the Poporanist current represented by \"Viața Românească\" journal.", "The Viracocha expedition __knowledge__ In 2000 and 2003, the professional explorer, Phil Buck, led international teams across the Pacific Ocean from South America to Easter Island via two separate ancient style reed rafts.", "The Viracocha expedition __knowledge__ Both vessels were constructed in their entirety from only four Andean materials; totora reeds, natural fiber rope, cotton sails and wood.", "The Viracocha expedition __knowledge__ No one in recorded history has been able to reach the most isolated populated island in the world aboard an any ancient style vessel of any kind.", "The Viracocha expedition __knowledge__ The Viracocha expeditions proved that ancient South American mariners could have been the first to discover Easter Island.", "The Viracocha expedition __knowledge__ Who first reached the island and carved the numerous stone monoliths (or Moai) still remains one of antiquities greatest mysteries and has baffled the scientific community for centuries.", "ORPHEUS __knowledge__ ORPHEUS, the Organisation for PhD Education in Biomedicine and Health Sciences in the European System, is an association of biomedical and health science faculties and institutions.", "ORPHEUS __knowledge__ ORPHEUS is dedicated to the development of standards for the PhD.", "ORPHEUS __knowledge__ ORPHEUS was established in April 2004 with a European Conference on Harmonisation of PhD Programmes in Biomedicine and Health Sciences held in Zagreb.", "ORPHEUS __knowledge__ It became clear that despite many similarities PhD programmes there are also important differences in content and the standard expected.", "ORPHEUS __knowledge__ Thus a PhD title (also known as Doctor of Philosophy) may have different meanings in different parts of Europe.", "OK __knowledge__ \"OK\" (; spelling variations include \"okay\", \"O.K.", "OK __knowledge__ \", \"ok\") is an English word denoting approval, acceptance, agreement, assent, or acknowledgment.", "OK __knowledge__ \"OK\" is frequently used as a loanword in other languages.", "OK __knowledge__ It has been described as the most frequently spoken or written word on the planet.", "OK __knowledge__ As an adjective, \"OK\" principally means \"adequate\" or \"acceptable\" as a contrast to \"bad\" (\"The boss approved this, so it is OK to send out\"); it can also mean \"mediocre\" when used in contrast with \"good\" (\"The french fries were great, but the burger was just OK\").", "OK __knowledge__ It fulfills a similar role as an adverb (\"Wow, you did OK for your first time skiing!\").", "Worf __knowledge__ Worf, son of Mogh (wo'rIv in the Klingon language) is a fictional character in the \"Star Trek\" franchise.", "Worf __knowledge__ He appears in the television series \"\" \"(TNG)\" and seasons four through seven of \"\" \"(DS9)\" as well as the feature films \"Star Trek Generations\" (1994), \"\" (1996), \"\" (1998), and \"\" (2002).", "Worf __knowledge__ Worf is the first Klingon main character to appear in \"Star Trek\", and has appeared in more \"Star Trek\" franchise episodes than any other character.", "Worf __knowledge__ He is portrayed by actor Michael Dorn.", "Worf __knowledge__ Initially, Worf was not intended to be a regular character, as Gene Roddenberry wanted to avoid \"retreads of characters or races featured prominently in the original \"Star Trek\" series\".", "Aircraft in fiction __knowledge__ Aircraft in fiction covers the various real-world aircraft that have made significant appearances in fiction over the decades, including in books, films, toys, TV programs, video games, and other media.", "Aircraft in fiction __knowledge__ These appearances spotlight the popularity of different models of aircraft, and showcase the different types for the general public.", "Aircraft in fiction __knowledge__ The first aviation film was the 1911 William J. Humphrey–directed two-reeler, \"The Military Air-Scout\", shot following an Aero Club of America flying meet at Long Island, New York, with Lt. Henry Arnold doing the stunt flying.", "Aircraft in fiction __knowledge__ \"Arnold, who picked up 'a few extra bucks' for his services, became so excited about movies that he almost quit the Army to become an actor.\"", "Roland Perry __knowledge__ Roland John Perry OAM (born 11 October 1946) is a Melbourne-based author best known for his books on history, especially Australia in the two world wars.", "Roland Perry __knowledge__ His \"Monash: The Outsider Who Won The War\", won the Fellowship of Australian Writers' 'Melbourne University Publishing Award' in 2004.", "Roland Perry __knowledge__ The judges described it as 'a model of the biographer's art.'", "Roland Perry __knowledge__ In the Queen's Birthday Honours of 2011, Perry was awarded the Medal of the Order of Australia 'for services to literature as an author.'", "Roland Perry __knowledge__ In October 2011, Monash University awarded Perry a Fellowship for 'high achievement as a writer, author, film producer and journalist.'", "Waverton Good Read Award __knowledge__ The Waverton Good Read Award was founded in 2003 by villagers in Waverton, Cheshire, England, and is based on \"Le Prix de la Cadière d'Azur\", a literary prize awarded by a Provençal village.", "Waverton Good Read Award __knowledge__ Adult debut novels written by UK residents and published in the previous twelve months are eligible for consideration and are read by villagers.", "Waverton Good Read Award __knowledge__ \"The aim was not only to stimulate reading in the village but to provide encouragement to British writers\".", "Waverton Good Read Award __knowledge__ Two of the main founders were Gwen Goodhew (b 21 October 1942) an educational specialist who established Wirral Able Child Centre and has written and edited books on teaching the gifted child, and Wendy Smedley.", "That __knowledge__ That is a function word used in the English language for several grammatical purposes.", "That __knowledge__ It is also used in Demonstrative pronoun, adjectives and relative terms.", "That __knowledge__ These include: In the first two uses the word is usually pronounced weakly, as , whereas in the other uses it is pronounced .", "That __knowledge__ In the Old English language \"that\" was spelled \"þæt\".", "That __knowledge__ It was also abbreviated as a letter Thorn, \"þ\", with the ascender crossed, \"ꝥ\" ( ).", "That __knowledge__ In Middle English, the letter Ash, \"æ\", was replaced with the letter \"a\", so that \"that\" was spelled \"þat\", or sometimes \"þet\".", "That __knowledge__ The ascender of the \"þ\" was reduced (making it similar to the Old English letter Wynn, ƿ), which necessitated writing a small \"t\" above the letter to abbreviate the word \"that\" ( ).", "Mavis Cheek __knowledge__ Mavis Cheek (born 1948) is an English novelist who describes herself as one in a line of feminist, subversive women authors – with jokes.", "Mavis Cheek __knowledge__ Born in Wimbledon, now part of London, Mavis only met her father once, at the age of seven.", "Mavis Cheek __knowledge__ Her mother worked in a factory to keep the family together and life was lived in a fairly hand-to-mouth fashion.", "Mavis Cheek __knowledge__ However it was no life of misery, but a reasonably happy childhood lived in a pleasant area of London.", "Mavis Cheek __knowledge__ Mavis was educated in church schools until the age of 11 when she failed her eleven-plus examination and was placed in the B stream of her girls' secondary modern school in Raynes Park.", "Bright Angel Trail __knowledge__ The Bright Angel Trail is a hiking trail located in Grand Canyon National Park in the U.S. state of Arizona.", "Bright Angel Trail __knowledge__ The trail originates at the Grand Canyon Village on the south rim of Grand Canyon, descending 4380 feet to the Colorado River.", "Bright Angel Trail __knowledge__ It has an average grade of 10% along its entire length.", "Bright Angel Trail __knowledge__ At trail's end, the River Trail continues another 1.9 miles to the Bright Angel Campground and Phantom Ranch.", "Bright Angel Trail __knowledge__ These two trails combined are the most common method used to access Phantom Ranch by hikers and mules.", "Bright Angel Trail __knowledge__ Two trails cross or join the Bright Angel Trail, the first being an intersection with the Tonto Trail at Indian Garden, leading toward the Monument Use Area to the west, and to the South Kaibab Trail to the east.", "Mr. Difficult __knowledge__ \"Mr.", "Mr. Difficult __knowledge__ Difficult\", subtitled \"William Gaddis and the problem of hard-to-read books\", is a 2002 essay by Jonathan Franzen that appeared in the 9/30/2002 issue of \"The New Yorker\".", "Mr. Difficult __knowledge__ It was reprinted in the paperback edition of \"How to Be Alone\" without the subtitle.", "Mr. Difficult __knowledge__ The essay describes the experience of being thought of as difficult by his readers and his own experience at reading difficult books.", "Mr. Difficult __knowledge__ Franzen then provides an extended commentary on most of Gaddis's novels.", "Mr. Difficult __knowledge__ The essay has attracted strong reactions.", "Mr. Difficult __knowledge__ Novelist Ben Marcus was hostile.", "Mr. Difficult __knowledge__ Novelist Cynthia Ozick mentioned the Franzen/Marcus disagreement as part of a larger picture on the nature of reviewing.", "Harriett Gilbert __knowledge__ Harriett Sarah Gilbert (born 25 August 1948) is an English writer, academic and broadcaster, particularly of arts and book programmes on the BBC World Service.", "Harriett Gilbert __knowledge__ She is the daughter of the writer Michael Gilbert.", "Harriett Gilbert __knowledge__ Besides \"World Book Club\" on the World Service, she also presents \"A Good Read\" on BBC Radio 4.", "Harriett Gilbert __knowledge__ Before the programme was cancelled, she also presented the BBC World Service programme \"The Strand\".", "Harriett Gilbert __knowledge__ Born in Hornsey, London, Gilbert was educated at the French Lycée in London and at a succession of boarding schools.", "Harriett Gilbert __knowledge__ \"Growing Pains\" was her contribution to \"Truth, Dare or Promise\" (1985), a collection of autobiographical writing." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Trumpet __knowledge__ A trumpet is a brass instrument commonly used in classical and jazz ensembles.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ The trumpet group contains the instruments with the highest register in the brass family.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ Trumpet-like instruments have historically been used as signaling devices in battle or hunting, with examples dating back to at least 1500 BC; they began to be used as musical instruments only in the late 14th or early 15th century.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ Trumpets are used in art music styles, for instance in orchestras, concert bands, and jazz ensembles, as well as in popular music.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ They are played by blowing air through nearly-closed lips (called the player's embouchure), producing a \"buzzing\" sound that starts a standing wave vibration in the air column inside the instrument.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ Since the late 15th century they have primarily been constructed of brass tubing, usually bent twice into a rounded rectangular shape.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ There are many distinct types of trumpet, with the most common being pitched in B (a transposing instrument), having a tubing length of about .", "Trumpet __knowledge__ Early trumpets did not provide means to change the length of tubing, whereas modern instruments generally have three (or sometimes four) valves in order to change their pitch.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ Most trumpets have valves of the piston type, while some have the rotary type.", "OK __knowledge__ \"OK\" (; spelling variations include \"okay\", \"O.K.", "OK __knowledge__ \", \"ok\") is an English word denoting approval, acceptance, agreement, assent, or acknowledgment.", "OK __knowledge__ \"OK\" is frequently used as a loanword in other languages.", "OK __knowledge__ It has been described as the most frequently spoken or written word on the planet.", "OK __knowledge__ As an adjective, \"OK\" principally means \"adequate\" or \"acceptable\" as a contrast to \"bad\" (\"The boss approved this, so it is OK to send out\"); it can also mean \"mediocre\" when used in contrast with \"good\" (\"The french fries were great, but the burger was just OK\").", "OK __knowledge__ It fulfills a similar role as an adverb (\"Wow, you did OK for your first time skiing!\").", "OK Computer __knowledge__ OK Computer is the third studio album by English alternative rock band Radiohead, released on 16 June 1997 on EMI subsidiaries Parlophone and Capitol Records.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ The members of Radiohead self-produced the album with Nigel Godrich, an arrangement they have used for their subsequent albums.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ Other than the song \"Lucky\", which was recorded in 1995, Radiohead recorded the album in Oxfordshire and Bath between 1996 and early 1997, mostly in the historic mansion St Catherine's Court.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ The band made a deliberate attempt to distance themselves from the guitar-oriented, lyrically introspective style of their previous album, \"The Bends\".", "I'm OK – You're OK __knowledge__ I'm OK – You're OK is a 1969 self-help book by Thomas Anthony Harris.", "I'm OK – You're OK __knowledge__ It is a practical guide to transactional analysis as a method for solving problems in life.", "I'm OK – You're OK __knowledge__ The book made the \"New York Times\" Best Seller list in 1972 and remained there for almost two years.", "I'm OK – You're OK __knowledge__ It is estimated by the publisher to have sold over 15 million copies to date and to have been translated into over a dozen languages.http://www.drthomasharris.com/im-ok-youre-ok-book-thomas-harris/ In the preface, Harris praises the then-new procedure of transactional analysis (TA, or as Harris often refers to it, P-A-C) as a major innovation addressing the slow process and limited results that he and other psychiatric practitioners believed was characteristic of conventional psychiatry.", "OK Go __knowledge__ OK Go is an American rock band originally from Chicago, Illinois, now based in Los Angeles, California.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band is composed of Damian Kulash (lead vocals, guitar), Tim Nordwind (bass guitar and vocals), Dan Konopka (drums and percussion) and Andy Ross (guitar, keyboards and vocals), who joined them in 2005, replacing Andy Duncan.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band is known for its often quirky and elaborate one-take music videos.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The original members formed as OK Go in 1998 and released two studio albums before Duncan's departure.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band's video for \"Here It Goes Again\" won a Grammy Award for Best Music Video in 2007.", "Blueberry (comics) __knowledge__ Blueberry is Western comic series created in the Franco-Belgian \"bandes dessinées\" (BD) tradition by the Belgian scriptwriter Jean-Michel Charlier and French comics artist Jean \"Mœbius\" Giraud.", "Blueberry (comics) __knowledge__ It chronicles the adventures of Mike Blueberry on his travels through the American Old West.", "Blueberry (comics) __knowledge__ Blueberry is an atypical western hero; he is not a wandering lawman who brings evil-doers to justice, nor a handsome cowboy who \"rides into town, saves the ranch, becomes the new sheriff and marries the schoolmarm.\"", "Blueberry (comics) __knowledge__ In any situation, he sees what he thinks needs doing, and he does it.", "Blueberry (comics) __knowledge__ The series spawned out of the 1963 \"Fort Navajo\" comics series, originally intended as an ensemble narrative, but which quickly gravitated around the breakout character \"Blueberry\" as the main and central character after the first two stories, causing the series to continue under his name later on.", "One Ok Rock __knowledge__ One Ok Rock, stylized as ONE OK ROCK (pronounced in Japanese as \"one o'clock\"), is a Japanese rock band formed in Tokyo, Japan in 2005.", "One Ok Rock __knowledge__ The band currently consists of Takahiro Moriuchi (vocals), Toru Yamashita (guitar/leader), Ryota Kohama (bass), and Tomoya Kanki (drums).", "One Ok Rock __knowledge__ They have been playing many different styles of rock music, with songs ranging from alternative rock to emo to post-hardcore to pop rock.", "One Ok Rock __knowledge__ The band's name, ONE OK ROCK, comes from \"one o'clock\", the time that the band used to practice on weekends.", "One Ok Rock __knowledge__ They chose to play at one o'clock in the morning because it was cheaper to use the rehearsal space during such hours.", "Donald Duck in comics __knowledge__ Donald Duck, a cartoon character created by the Walt Disney Company, is today the star of dozens of comic-book and comic-strip stories published each month (in certain parts of the world, each week) around the world.", "Donald Duck in comics __knowledge__ The earliest print mention of Donald Duck is likely in 1931, in the book, \"The Adventures of Mickey Mouse,\" published by David McKay Company, Philadelphia.", "Donald Duck in comics __knowledge__ On the first text page, none of which are numbered, the third paragraph begins, \"Mickey has many friends in the old barn and the barnyard, besides Minnie Mouse.", "Donald Duck in comics __knowledge__ They are Henry Horse and Carolyn Cow and Patricia Pig and Donald Duck...\" Donald may well have made another early printed appearance in \"Mickey Mouse Annual\" #3 (published 1932; the annual for 1933), a 128-page British hardback.", "Worf __knowledge__ Worf, son of Mogh (wo'rIv in the Klingon language) is a fictional character in the \"Star Trek\" franchise.", "Worf __knowledge__ He appears in the television series \"\" \"(TNG)\" and seasons four through seven of \"\" \"(DS9)\" as well as the feature films \"Star Trek Generations\" (1994), \"\" (1996), \"\" (1998), and \"\" (2002).", "Worf __knowledge__ Worf is the first Klingon main character to appear in \"Star Trek\", and has appeared in more \"Star Trek\" franchise episodes than any other character.", "Worf __knowledge__ He is portrayed by actor Michael Dorn.", "Worf __knowledge__ Initially, Worf was not intended to be a regular character, as Gene Roddenberry wanted to avoid \"retreads of characters or races featured prominently in the original \"Star Trek\" series\".", "Star Trek: First Contact __knowledge__ Star Trek: First Contact is a 1996 American science fiction film directed by Jonathan Frakes in his directorial debut, and based on the franchise of the same name created by Gene Roddenberry.", "Star Trek: First Contact __knowledge__ It is the eighth film in the \"Star Trek\" film series, as well as the second to star the cast of the series \"\".", "Star Trek: First Contact __knowledge__ In the film, the crew of the USS \"Enterprise\"-E travel back in time to the mid 21st-century in order to stop the cybernetic Borg from conquering Earth by changing the past.", "Star Trek: First Contact __knowledge__ After the release of the seventh film, \"Star Trek Generations\" (1994), Paramount Pictures tasked writers Brannon Braga and Ronald D. Moore with developing the next film in the series.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ Star Trek is an American media franchise based on the science fiction television series created by Gene Roddenberry.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ The first television series, simply called \"Star Trek\" and now referred to as \"\"\"\", debuted in 1966 and aired for three seasons on the television network NBC.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ It followed the interstellar adventures of Captain James T. Kirk (William Shatner) and his crew aboard the starship USS \"Enterprise\", a space exploration vessel, built by the United Federation of Planets in the twenty-third century.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ The \"Star Trek\" canon of the franchise includes \"The Original Series\", an animated series, five spin-off television series, the film franchise, and further adaptations in several media.", "Star Trek: Deep Space Nine __knowledge__ Star Trek: Deep Space Nine (sometimes abbreviated to DS9) is a science fiction television series set in the \"Star Trek\" universe in the Milky Way galaxy, in the years 2369–2375.", "Star Trek: Deep Space Nine __knowledge__ In contrast to other \"Star Trek\" TV series, it primarily takes place on a space station rather than a starship, so as not to have two series with starships in the same time period; the series ran concurrently with \"\" during its first two seasons and with \"\" for the remainder of its run.", "Star Trek: Deep Space Nine __knowledge__ The starship USS \"Defiant\" was introduced in season 3, but the space station Deep Space Nine remained the series' primary setting.", "Star Trek: Deep Space Nine __knowledge__ The series is noted for its well-developed characters, original and complex plots, religious themes, and for starring the first black captain in any of the televised \"Star Trek\" incarnations.", "Star Trek: The Next Generation __knowledge__ Star Trek: The Next Generation (abbreviated as TNG and ST:TNG) is an American science-fiction television series in the \"Star Trek\" franchise created by Gene Roddenberry that ran from 1987 to 1994.", "Star Trek: The Next Generation __knowledge__ Roddenberry, Maurice Hurley, Rick Berman, Michael Piller, and Jeri Taylor served as executive producers at different times throughout its production.", "Star Trek: The Next Generation __knowledge__ The series involves a starship named \"Enterprise\" and is set in the nearby regions of the Milky Way galaxy, the Alpha Quadrant.", "Star Trek: The Next Generation __knowledge__ The first episode takes place in the year 2364, 100 years after the start of the five-year mission described in the original series, which began in 2264.", "List of Star Trek: The Next Generation characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the science fiction television series .", "List of Star Trek: The Next Generation characters __knowledge__ Characters are ordered alphabetically by family name, and only characters who played a significant recurring role in the series are listed.", "List of Star Trek: The Next Generation characters __knowledge__ Lieutenant Commander Jack R. Crusher was portrayed by actor Doug Wert.", "List of Star Trek: The Next Generation characters __knowledge__ Dead before the series' beginning, Crusher is the late husband to Beverly Crusher and father of Wesley Crusher, and former second officer (third in command) aboard the USS \"Stargazer\", Jean-Luc Picard's first command.", "List of Star Trek: The Next Generation characters __knowledge__ He was killed in action at the age of 32 Earth years, for which Picard blamed himself until Beverly Crusher first reported on the USS \"Enterprise\".", "Star Trek spin-off fiction __knowledge__ The \"Star Trek\" franchise has produced a large number of novels, comic books, video games, and other materials, which are generally considered non-canon.", "Star Trek spin-off fiction __knowledge__ \"Star Trek\" spin-off fiction frequently fills in \"gaps\" within the televised show, often making use of backstage information or popular fan belief.", "Star Trek spin-off fiction __knowledge__ Although officially licensed spin-off material will often maintain continuity within itself (particularly within books by the same authors), elements often contradict each other irreconcilably.", "Star Trek spin-off fiction __knowledge__ For example, the end of Kirk's five-year mission has been depicted in several different incompatible ways." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Trumpet __knowledge__ A trumpet is a brass instrument commonly used in classical and jazz ensembles.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ The trumpet group contains the instruments with the highest register in the brass family.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ Trumpet-like instruments have historically been used as signaling devices in battle or hunting, with examples dating back to at least 1500 BC; they began to be used as musical instruments only in the late 14th or early 15th century.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ Trumpets are used in art music styles, for instance in orchestras, concert bands, and jazz ensembles, as well as in popular music.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ They are played by blowing air through nearly-closed lips (called the player's embouchure), producing a \"buzzing\" sound that starts a standing wave vibration in the air column inside the instrument.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ Since the late 15th century they have primarily been constructed of brass tubing, usually bent twice into a rounded rectangular shape.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ There are many distinct types of trumpet, with the most common being pitched in B (a transposing instrument), having a tubing length of about .", "Trumpet __knowledge__ Early trumpets did not provide means to change the length of tubing, whereas modern instruments generally have three (or sometimes four) valves in order to change their pitch.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ Most trumpets have valves of the piston type, while some have the rotary type.", "Chicado V __knowledge__ Chicado V (1950 – ) was a Champion Quarter Horse race horse foaled (born) in 1950, and considered one of the outstanding broodmares of her breed.", "Chicado V __knowledge__ She was bred by Frank Vessels of Los Alamitos, California, and trained by Earl Holmes.", "Chicado V __knowledge__ Chicado V started only six times because knee problems cut short her racing career.", "Chicado V __knowledge__ However, she won her first two starts while breaking or equaling track records, and was given the title of co-Champion Quarter Running Two-Year-Old Filly by the American Quarter Horse Association (AQHA) in 1952.", "Chicado V __knowledge__ The next year she ran her last four races, winning once and setting one more speed record.", "GOC Army Headquarters __knowledge__ The Israeli GOC Army headquarters (, \"Zro'a ha-Yabasha\", \"Ground Arm\"), known unofficially as Mazi, is a multi-corps command headquarters created in 1998, which amalgamates the ground forces of the Israel Defense Forces.", "GOC Army Headquarters __knowledge__ The current size of the Israeli Ground Forces is estimated at roughly 133,000 active soldiers and 380,000 soldiers in reserve.", "GOC Army Headquarters __knowledge__ The GOC Army Headquarters is known unofficially as \"Mazi\", the Hebrew pronunciation for an acronym for \"Ground Arm Command\" (, (, \"Mifkedet Zro'a ha-Yabasha\"), which was the GOC Army Headquarters' previous name before being renamed to the current \"Ground Arm\" ().", "Rock Band 3 __knowledge__ Rock Band 3 is a 2010 music video game developed by Harmonix.", "Rock Band 3 __knowledge__ The game was initially published and distributed by MTV Games and Electronic Arts, respectively, in late October 2010.", "Rock Band 3 __knowledge__ Mad Catz took over both roles and re-released the title on November 23, 2011.", "Rock Band 3 __knowledge__ It is the third main game in the \"Rock Band\" series.", "Rock Band 3 __knowledge__ As with the previous titles, \"Rock Band 3\" allows players to simulate the playing of rock music and many other subgenres using special instrument controllers mimicking lead and bass guitar, drums, and vocals.", "Rock Band 3 __knowledge__ \"Rock Band 3\" expands upon previous games by including three-part vocal harmonies — previously used in \"\" and \"\" (up to 3 singers on a song) — plus support for MIDI-compatible keyboards, electronic drumkits, and even use of a real guitar in \"Pro\" mode.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ An electric guitar is a guitar that uses one or more pickups to convert the vibration of its strings into electrical signals.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ The vibration occurs when a guitarist strums, plucks, fingerpicks, or taps the strings.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ The pickup used to sense the vibration generally uses electromagnetic induction to do so, though other technologies exist.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ In any case, the signal generated by an electric guitar is too weak to drive a loudspeaker, so it is sent to a guitar amplifier before being sent to the speaker, which converts it into audible sound.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ Since the output of an electric guitar is an electric signal, it can be electronically altered by to change the timbre of the sound.", "Aircraft in fiction __knowledge__ Aircraft in fiction covers the various real-world aircraft that have made significant appearances in fiction over the decades, including in books, films, toys, TV programs, video games, and other media.", "Aircraft in fiction __knowledge__ These appearances spotlight the popularity of different models of aircraft, and showcase the different types for the general public.", "Aircraft in fiction __knowledge__ The first aviation film was the 1911 William J. Humphrey–directed two-reeler, \"The Military Air-Scout\", shot following an Aero Club of America flying meet at Long Island, New York, with Lt. Henry Arnold doing the stunt flying.", "Aircraft in fiction __knowledge__ \"Arnold, who picked up 'a few extra bucks' for his services, became so excited about movies that he almost quit the Army to become an actor.\"", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Friday the 13th is an American horror franchise that consists of twelve slasher films, a television show, novels, and comic books.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ The main villain in the series is Jason Voorhees, who drowned at Camp Crystal Lake as a boy due to the negligence of the teenage counselors.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Decades later, the lake is rumored to be \"cursed\" and is the setting for a series of mass murders.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Jason is featured in all of the films, either as the killer or as the motivation for the killings.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Each entry in the series features a different cast of characters, including a final girl who defeats the killer in the end.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Recurring characters in the series include Jason's vengeful mother Pamela Voorhees, Alice Hardy, Tommy Jarvis and Crazy Ralph.", "Dragon Quest IX __knowledge__ Dragon Quest IX: Sentinels of the Starry Skies is a role-playing video game for the Nintendo DS.", "Dragon Quest IX __knowledge__ It was developed by Level-5, and published in 2009 by Square Enix in Japan; it was published by Nintendo in North America and PAL regions a year later, in 2010, making it the second numbered installment of the series to be released within Europe and Australia, after \"\".", "Dragon Quest IX __knowledge__ \"Dragon Quest IX\" introduced local multiplayer functionality to the series, as well as limited compatibility with Nintendo Wi-Fi Connection.", "Dragon Quest IX __knowledge__ It was also the first to be initially released for a handheld game console, and the first to feature spawning of enemies, rather than random encounters.", "Worf __knowledge__ Worf, son of Mogh (wo'rIv in the Klingon language) is a fictional character in the \"Star Trek\" franchise.", "Worf __knowledge__ He appears in the television series \"\" \"(TNG)\" and seasons four through seven of \"\" \"(DS9)\" as well as the feature films \"Star Trek Generations\" (1994), \"\" (1996), \"\" (1998), and \"\" (2002).", "Worf __knowledge__ Worf is the first Klingon main character to appear in \"Star Trek\", and has appeared in more \"Star Trek\" franchise episodes than any other character.", "Worf __knowledge__ He is portrayed by actor Michael Dorn.", "Worf __knowledge__ Initially, Worf was not intended to be a regular character, as Gene Roddenberry wanted to avoid \"retreads of characters or races featured prominently in the original \"Star Trek\" series\".", "Sons of Mogh __knowledge__ \"Sons of Mogh\" is the 15th episode of the of \"\", the 87th episode overall.", "Sons of Mogh __knowledge__ Worf's brother, Kurn, comes aboard the station seeking help to escape the dishonor that has befallen the House of Mogh.", "Sons of Mogh __knowledge__ Worf gets an unexpected visit from his younger brother Kurn, who arrives on the station drunk and brandishing a knife.", "Sons of Mogh __knowledge__ Kurn is released into Worf's care.", "Sons of Mogh __knowledge__ When Kurn wakes in Worf's quarters he confronts Worf about the dishonor Worf has brought upon the House of Mogh after rejecting the Klingon Empire's war with the Cardassian Empire.", "Sons of Mogh __knowledge__ Worf acknowledges what has happened but would debate it with Kurn.", "Sons of Mogh __knowledge__ As a result of Worf's choices, his house has been disbanded, its land and ships all seized.", "List of Star Trek: The Next Generation characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the science fiction television series .", "List of Star Trek: The Next Generation characters __knowledge__ Characters are ordered alphabetically by family name, and only characters who played a significant recurring role in the series are listed.", "List of Star Trek: The Next Generation characters __knowledge__ Lieutenant Commander Jack R. Crusher was portrayed by actor Doug Wert.", "List of Star Trek: The Next Generation characters __knowledge__ Dead before the series' beginning, Crusher is the late husband to Beverly Crusher and father of Wesley Crusher, and former second officer (third in command) aboard the USS \"Stargazer\", Jean-Luc Picard's first command.", "List of Star Trek: The Next Generation characters __knowledge__ He was killed in action at the age of 32 Earth years, for which Picard blamed himself until Beverly Crusher first reported on the USS \"Enterprise\".", "Parallels (Star Trek: The Next Generation) __knowledge__ \"Parallels\" is the 11th episode of the of the American science fiction television series \"\", the 163rd overall.", "Parallels (Star Trek: The Next Generation) __knowledge__ It was originally released on November 29, 1993, in broadcast syndication.", "Parallels (Star Trek: The Next Generation) __knowledge__ The episode was written by Brannon Braga, and directed by Robert Wiemer.", "Parallels (Star Trek: The Next Generation) __knowledge__ Executive producer Jeri Taylor wrote the final scene of the episode, but was uncredited.", "Parallels (Star Trek: The Next Generation) __knowledge__ Set in the 24th century, the series follows the adventures of the crew of the Federation starship \"Enterprise\".", "Parallels (Star Trek: The Next Generation) __knowledge__ In this episode, Lt. Worf (Michael Dorn) returns from a bat'leth tournament and slowly discovers that he is being moved across parallel universes.", "The Sword of Kahless __knowledge__ \"The Sword of Kahless\" is the 81st episode of the American science fiction television series \"\", the ninth of the .", "The Sword of Kahless __knowledge__ It originally aired on November 20, 1995 in broadcast syndication.", "The Sword of Kahless __knowledge__ The story was created by Richard Danus and was turned into a teleplay by Hans Beimler.", "The Sword of Kahless __knowledge__ The episode was directed by \"\" alumnus LeVar Burton, and featured the return of John Colicos as Kor.", "The Sword of Kahless __knowledge__ Colicos had first appeared as Kor in the \"\" episode \"Errand of Mercy\", and had previously appeared in this series in the episode \"\".", "The Sword of Kahless __knowledge__ Set in the 24th century, the series follows the adventures on Deep Space Nine, a space station located near a stable wormhole between the Alpha and Gamma quadrants of the Milky Way Galaxy.", "Birthright (Star Trek: The Next Generation) __knowledge__ \"Birthright\" is the 16th and 17th episodes of the of the American science fiction television series \"\", the 142nd and 143rd episodes overall.", "Birthright (Star Trek: The Next Generation) __knowledge__ Worf and Data both seek to know more about their fathers: Worf through an adventure to a world inside Romulan territory, and Data through a newly discovered dream program.", "Birthright (Star Trek: The Next Generation) __knowledge__ While the \"Enterprise\" is docked at Deep Space Nine, providing assistance in repairing the Bajoran aqueducts, Worf is approached by an Yridian information broker, Jaglom Shrek (James Cromwell), who claims that Worf's father was not killed at Khitomer, but is instead alive at a Romulan prison camp.", "Heart of Glory __knowledge__ \"Heart of Glory\" is the 20th episode of the of the American science fiction television series \"\", first broadcast March 21, 1988.", "Heart of Glory __knowledge__ The story was created by Herbert Wright and D. C. Fontana, and was made into a script in two days by executive producer Maurice Hurley.", "Heart of Glory __knowledge__ The episode was directed by Rob Bowman.", "Heart of Glory __knowledge__ Set in the 24th century, the series follows the adventures of the crew of the Starfleet starship \"Enterprise\"-D. In this episode, the crew rescue three Klingons from a damaged freighter in the neutral zone.", "Heart of Glory __knowledge__ Once aboard they befriend Lt. Worf (Michael Dorn) and attempt to hijack the \"Enterprise\" so they can live as true Klingons, forcing Worf to choose between them or Starfleet." ] ]

[ 10, 42, 36, 44, 24 ]

[ "Hi like the name Buddy have you ever read the book called Buddy's Song by Nigel Hinton?", "It is a very good read it is a novel.", "The novel is basically based off the character Star Trek in Worf.", "The novel yes but the series Worf appeared on tv in 1994.", "What kind of guitar I know they mention an electric guitar which is vibration of stirngs." ]

[ "Trumpet", "Trumpet", "Trumpet", "Trumpet", "Trumpet" ]

[ "Hiking\n hello. i like to hike and wish i could do more hiking", "same here, i have a place i go in the country and hike", "never hiked for a whole day just about for an hour or so", "funny word to call it, i wonder how long do they tramp", "where i live we do do not have standard trials to hike, you sort of have to create your own" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hiking __knowledge__ Hiking is the preferred term, in Canada and the United States, for a long, vigorous walk, usually on trails (footpaths), in the countryside, while the word walking is used for shorter, particularly urban walks.", "Hiking __knowledge__ On the other hand, in the United Kingdom, and the Republic of Ireland, the word \"walking\" is acceptable to describe \"all forms\" of walking, whether it is a walk in the park or backpacking in the Alps.", "Hiking __knowledge__ The word hiking is also often used in the UK, along with rambling (a slightly old-fashioned term), hillwalking, and fell walking (a term mostly used for hillwalking in northern England).", "Hiking __knowledge__ The term bushwalking is endemic to Australia, having been adopted by the Sydney Bush Walkers club in 1927.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In New Zealand a long, vigorous walk or hike is called tramping.", "Hiking __knowledge__ It is a popular activity with numerous worldwide, and studies suggest that all forms of walking have health benefits.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In the United States, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, and United Kingdom, hiking means walking outdoors on a trail, or off trail, for recreational purposes.", "Hiking __knowledge__ A day hike refers to a hike that can be completed in a single day.", "Hiking __knowledge__ However, in the United Kingdom, the word walking is also used, as well as rambling, while walking in mountainous areas is called hillwalking.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The Appalachian National Scenic Trail, generally known as the Appalachian Trail or simply the A.T., is a marked hiking trail in the Eastern United States extending between Springer Mountain in Georgia and Mount Katahdin in Maine.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The trail is estimated around 2,200 miles (3,500 km) long, though the exact length changes over time as parts are modified or rerouted.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The Appalachian Trail Conservancy claims that the Appalachian Trail is the longest hiking-only trail in the world.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ More than 2 million people are said to take a hike on part of the trail at least once each year.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The idea of the Appalachian Trail came about in 1921.", "Thru-hiking __knowledge__ Thru-hiking, or through-hiking, is hiking a long-distance trail end-to-end within one hiking season.", "Thru-hiking __knowledge__ In United States, the term is most commonly associated with the Appalachian Trail (AT), the Pacific Crest Trail (PCT), and the Continental Divide Trail (CDT), but also refers to other end-to-end hikes.", "Thru-hiking __knowledge__ Other examples include the Te Araroa Trail in New Zealand, the Camino de Santiago in Spain, the Via Francigena in France and Italy, the Lycian Way in Turkey, the Israel National Trail, and the Great Divide Trail (GDT) in Canada.", "Thru-hiking __knowledge__ Thru-hiking is also called \"end-to-end hiking\" or \"end-to-ending\" on some trails, like Vermont's Long Trail or New York's Long Path and Northville–Placid Trail.", "Pacific Crest Trail __knowledge__ The Pacific Crest Trail (commonly abbreviated as the PCT, and officially designated as the Pacific Crest National Scenic Trail) is a long-distance hiking and equestrian trail closely aligned with the highest portion of the Sierra Nevada and Cascade mountain ranges, which lie east of the U.S. Pacific coast.", "Pacific Crest Trail __knowledge__ The trail's southern terminus is on the U.S. border with Mexico, just south of Campo, California, and its northern terminus on the Canada–US border on the edge of Manning Park in British Columbia; its corridor through the U.S. is in the states of California, Oregon, and Washington.", "Pacific Crest Trail __knowledge__ The Pacific Crest Trail is long and ranges in elevation from just above sea level at the Oregon–Washington border to at Forester Pass in the Sierra Nevada.", "East Coast Trail __knowledge__ Started in 1994, the East Coast Trail is a long-distance footpath located in the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador.", "East Coast Trail __knowledge__ It is over of developed trail that is made up of 26 wilderness paths and intersect more than 30 communities.", "East Coast Trail __knowledge__ It was named one of the best adventure destinations by National Geographic in 2012 and grows and improves every year.", "East Coast Trail __knowledge__ Maintained by the East Coast Trail Association and located primarily on public lands, the trail traces the east coast of Newfoundland along the Atlantic Ocean.", "East Coast Trail __knowledge__ The trail passes through many small coastal towns nested in the bays of the Avalon Peninsula.", "Philmont Scout Ranch __knowledge__ Philmont Scout Ranch is a large, rugged, mountainous ranch located near the town of Cimarron, New Mexico, covering 140,177 acres (219 sq mi; 567 km²) of wilderness in the Sangre de Cristo Mountains of the Rocky Mountains of northern New Mexico.", "Philmont Scout Ranch __knowledge__ The ranch, formerly the property of oil baron Waite Phillips and now that of the Boy Scouts of America, is a National High Adventure Base in which crews of Scouts and Venturers take part in backpacking expeditions and other outdoor activities.", "Philmont Scout Ranch __knowledge__ It is the one of the largest youth camps in the world in land area.", "Philmont Scout Ranch __knowledge__ Between June 8 and August 22 around 22,000 Scouts and adult leaders backpack across the Ranch's extensive backcountry while over 1,130 seasonal staff personnel maintain the Ranch's summer operations.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters from Happy Tree Friends.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ There are 27 main characters, and some other supporting characters.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ To celebrate the 10th anniversary of the series in 2010, the creators of the show announced that there would be one more character added to Happy Tree Friends in the near future.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ The candidates were a sheep/lamb named Lammy and a pig named Truffles.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ The voting took place during the month of March 2010, and the winner was Lammy, who have featured in most of the latest episodes.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ Even though Truffles lost the vote, he still cameos in some episodes.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ Cuddles is a laser yellow male rabbit with pink cheeks, or a blush along with pink bunny slippers.", "Long Path __knowledge__ The Long Path is a long-distance hiking trail beginning at the George Washington Bridge in Fort Lee, New Jersey and ending at Altamont, New York, in the Albany area.", "Long Path __knowledge__ While not yet a continuous trail, relying on road walks in some areas, it nevertheless takes in many of the popular hiking attractions west of the Hudson River, such as the New Jersey Palisades, Harriman State Park, the Shawangunk Ridge and the Catskill Mountains.", "Long Path __knowledge__ It offers hikers a diversity of environments to pass through, from suburbia and sea-level salt marshes along the Hudson to wilderness and boreal forest on Catskill summits in elevation." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hiking __knowledge__ Hiking is the preferred term, in Canada and the United States, for a long, vigorous walk, usually on trails (footpaths), in the countryside, while the word walking is used for shorter, particularly urban walks.", "Hiking __knowledge__ On the other hand, in the United Kingdom, and the Republic of Ireland, the word \"walking\" is acceptable to describe \"all forms\" of walking, whether it is a walk in the park or backpacking in the Alps.", "Hiking __knowledge__ The word hiking is also often used in the UK, along with rambling (a slightly old-fashioned term), hillwalking, and fell walking (a term mostly used for hillwalking in northern England).", "Hiking __knowledge__ The term bushwalking is endemic to Australia, having been adopted by the Sydney Bush Walkers club in 1927.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In New Zealand a long, vigorous walk or hike is called tramping.", "Hiking __knowledge__ It is a popular activity with numerous worldwide, and studies suggest that all forms of walking have health benefits.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In the United States, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, and United Kingdom, hiking means walking outdoors on a trail, or off trail, for recreational purposes.", "Hiking __knowledge__ A day hike refers to a hike that can be completed in a single day.", "Hiking __knowledge__ However, in the United Kingdom, the word walking is also used, as well as rambling, while walking in mountainous areas is called hillwalking.", "Abenomics __knowledge__ The term \"Abenomics\" is a portmanteau of \"Abe\" and \"economics\", and follows previous political neologisms for economic policies linked to specific leaders, such as Reaganomics, Clintonomics and Rogernomics.", "Abenomics __knowledge__ The Japanese government raised consumption tax rates from 3% to 5% in 1997, which worsened the recession and deflated the economy.", "Abenomics __knowledge__ The government raised the consumption tax in 1997 for the purpose of balancing its budget, and then the government revenue decreased by 4.5 trillion yen because consumption stumbled.", "Abenomics __knowledge__ The country recorded a GDP growth rate of 3 percent in 1996, but after the tax hike the economy sank into recession.", "Hike Messenger __knowledge__ Hike Messenger (stylized as hike M E S S E N G E R) is a cross-platform instant messaging service for smartphones that use the internet for communication.", "Hike Messenger __knowledge__ In addition to text messaging, users can send each other graphical stickers, emoticons, images, videos, audios, files, voice messages, contacts and user location.", "Hike Messenger __knowledge__ Hike was launched on 12 December 2012 and raised its first round of funding of $7 million from Bharti SoftBank in April 2013.", "Hike Messenger __knowledge__ Hike is a joint venture between Bharti Enterprises and SoftBank.", "Hike Messenger __knowledge__ On 16 August 2016 Hike raised $175 million in a new round of funding led by Tencent & Foxconn.", "East Coast Trail __knowledge__ Started in 1994, the East Coast Trail is a long-distance footpath located in the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador.", "East Coast Trail __knowledge__ It is over of developed trail that is made up of 26 wilderness paths and intersect more than 30 communities.", "East Coast Trail __knowledge__ It was named one of the best adventure destinations by National Geographic in 2012 and grows and improves every year.", "East Coast Trail __knowledge__ Maintained by the East Coast Trail Association and located primarily on public lands, the trail traces the east coast of Newfoundland along the Atlantic Ocean.", "East Coast Trail __knowledge__ The trail passes through many small coastal towns nested in the bays of the Avalon Peninsula.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The Appalachian National Scenic Trail, generally known as the Appalachian Trail or simply the A.T., is a marked hiking trail in the Eastern United States extending between Springer Mountain in Georgia and Mount Katahdin in Maine.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The trail is estimated around 2,200 miles (3,500 km) long, though the exact length changes over time as parts are modified or rerouted.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The Appalachian Trail Conservancy claims that the Appalachian Trail is the longest hiking-only trail in the world.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ More than 2 million people are said to take a hike on part of the trail at least once each year.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The idea of the Appalachian Trail came about in 1921.", "Waitukubuli Trail __knowledge__ The Waitukubuli Trail located in Dominica is the longest hiking trail in the Caribbean at 115 miles long It is made of 14 segments, beginning in the southern village of Scott's Head, and ending in the north at Cabrit's National Park.", "Waitukubuli Trail __knowledge__ The trail was officially opened in 2013 and was named after the original Kalinago name of the island, Waitukubuli, meaning \"tall is her body\" .", "Waitukubuli Trail __knowledge__ Scott's Head to Soufriere Estate “This trail located in a crater and with evidence of sulphur deposits, helps us to understand the true volcanic nature of Dominica.” Vegetation Type: Dry Forest, Cultivation Distance: 7km or 4 miles Estimated Walking time: 4hrs Climb: 460 metres or 1,518 ft Type of hike: Moderate Areas of interest: Soufriere Estate to Bellevue Chopin This trail with an old slave route, old estates and historic buildings reminds us of Dominica’s history of a plantation society and the era of colonization.", "Philmont Scout Ranch __knowledge__ Philmont Scout Ranch is a large, rugged, mountainous ranch located near the town of Cimarron, New Mexico, covering 140,177 acres (219 sq mi; 567 km²) of wilderness in the Sangre de Cristo Mountains of the Rocky Mountains of northern New Mexico.", "Philmont Scout Ranch __knowledge__ The ranch, formerly the property of oil baron Waite Phillips and now that of the Boy Scouts of America, is a National High Adventure Base in which crews of Scouts and Venturers take part in backpacking expeditions and other outdoor activities.", "Philmont Scout Ranch __knowledge__ It is the one of the largest youth camps in the world in land area.", "Philmont Scout Ranch __knowledge__ Between June 8 and August 22 around 22,000 Scouts and adult leaders backpack across the Ranch's extensive backcountry while over 1,130 seasonal staff personnel maintain the Ranch's summer operations.", "Three Towers Hike __knowledge__ The Three Towers Hike is a Scouting-organised, downland hiking competition held annually in early Spring covering footpaths in West Berkshire and South Oxfordshire.", "Three Towers Hike __knowledge__ It is organised by a team of scout leaders from Reading Central, Loddon, Taceham Hundred and Pang Valley Scout Districts, all of which are within the Scout County of Royal Berkshire of the Scout Association.", "Three Towers Hike __knowledge__ It is a competitive event, without an overnight camp (although teams must be equipped to bivouac if the conditions are severe enough to warrant it).", "Three Towers Hike __knowledge__ It was first held as a senior event (Walkers over the age of 18) but now includes three other age groups.", "Trail __knowledge__ A trail is usually a path, track or unpaved lane or road.", "Trail __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland path or footpath is the preferred term for a walking trail.", "Trail __knowledge__ The term is also applied, in North America, to routes along rivers, and sometimes to highways.", "Trail __knowledge__ In the US, the term was historically used for a route into or through wild territory used by emigrants (e.g.", "Trail __knowledge__ the Oregon Trail).", "Trail __knowledge__ Some trails are single use and can only be used for walking, cycling, horse riding, snowshoeing, and cross-country skiing; others, as in the case of a bridleway in the UK, are multi-use, and can be used by walkers, cyclists and equestrians.", "Jeju Olle Trail __knowledge__ Jeju Olle Trail is a long-distance foot path on Jeju Island, an island off the south-west coast of South Korea.", "Jeju Olle Trail __knowledge__ The overall route, mostly following the coastline, consists of 21 connected numbered main routes, 5 sub-routes, and a short spur that connects to Jeju International Airport.", "Jeju Olle Trail __knowledge__ The routes have an average length of 16 km and all together total 422 km.", "Jeju Olle Trail __knowledge__ The exact length and locations change over time as trails are modified or re-routed.", "Jeju Olle Trail __knowledge__ The routes pass through various landscapes along the way including small villages, beaches, farms, and forests.", "Jeju Olle Trail __knowledge__ Many routes encompass some of the island's 368 oreums, which are low parasitic volcanoes and historical sites dating from ancient times through to the modern era.", "Wichita Mountains Wildlife Refuge __knowledge__ Wichita Mountains Wildlife Refuge, located in southwestern Oklahoma near Lawton, has protected unique wildlife habitats since 1901 and is the oldest managed wildlife facility in the United States Fish and Wildlife Service system.", "Wichita Mountains Wildlife Refuge __knowledge__ Measuring about , the refuge hosts a great diversity of species: 806 plant species, 240 species of birds, 36 fish, and 64 reptiles and amphibians are present.", "Wichita Mountains Wildlife Refuge __knowledge__ The refuge's location in the geologically unique Wichita Mountains and its areas of undisturbed mixed grass prairie make it an important conservation area.", "Wichita Mountains Wildlife Refuge __knowledge__ The Wichitas are approximately 500 million years old.", "Wichita Mountains Wildlife Refuge __knowledge__ The Wichita Forest Reserve was established by the General Land Office in Oklahoma on July 4, 1901 with .", "Blue-Blazed Trails __knowledge__ The Blue-Blazed Hiking Trail system, managed by the Connecticut Forest & Park Association (CFPA), and the related trail systems documented in the two volume (\"East\" and \"West\") 19th Edition of the \"Connecticut Walk Book\" comprise over 800 miles of hiking trails in Connecticut.", "Blue-Blazed Trails __knowledge__ There are now over 825 miles of CFPA Blue-Blazed Hiking Trails that pass through 96 towns traversing both public and private lands.", "Blue-Blazed Trails __knowledge__ This includes all official main and side trails.", "Blue-Blazed Trails __knowledge__ The main line trails are marked using the solid light blue rectangular vertical paint blaze.", "Blue-Blazed Trails __knowledge__ A recent change in blaze design to official CFPA connector, side and alternate trails is now in use.", "Mount Adams (Washington) __knowledge__ Mount Adams, known by some Native American tribes as Pahto or Klickitat, is a potentially active stratovolcano in the Cascade Range.", "Mount Adams (Washington) __knowledge__ Although Adams has not erupted in more than 1,000 years, it is not considered extinct.", "Mount Adams (Washington) __knowledge__ It is the second-highest mountain in the U.S. state of Washington, after Mount Rainier.", "Mount Adams (Washington) __knowledge__ Adams is a member of the Cascade Volcanic Arc, and is one of the arc's largest volcanoes, located in a remote wilderness approximately east of Mount St. Helens.", "Mount Adams (Washington) __knowledge__ The Mount Adams Wilderness consists of the upper and western part of the volcano's cone.", "Mount Adams (Washington) __knowledge__ The eastern side of the mountain is designated as part of the territory of the Yakama Nation.", "Varde __knowledge__ Varde is a Danish city in southwestern Jutland and is the primary city in the municipality of Varde, in Region of Southern Denmark.", "Varde __knowledge__ In 2015 municipality changed its motto to \"We in nature\" to emphasize its rural atmosphere.", "Varde __knowledge__ The town has an old market environment and is located by Varde stream/river and is a short distance away from the beaches by the North Sea.", "Varde __knowledge__ These features make it a popular tourist destination.", "Varde __knowledge__ The age of Varde is not known precisely, but it is mentioned in written sources from 1107 A.D. and is therefore thought have been founded sometime in the early Middle Ages.", "Varde __knowledge__ Early on the name of Varde is presented in 2 different versions \"Warwath\" and \"Warwik.\"" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hiking __knowledge__ Hiking is the preferred term, in Canada and the United States, for a long, vigorous walk, usually on trails (footpaths), in the countryside, while the word walking is used for shorter, particularly urban walks.", "Hiking __knowledge__ On the other hand, in the United Kingdom, and the Republic of Ireland, the word \"walking\" is acceptable to describe \"all forms\" of walking, whether it is a walk in the park or backpacking in the Alps.", "Hiking __knowledge__ The word hiking is also often used in the UK, along with rambling (a slightly old-fashioned term), hillwalking, and fell walking (a term mostly used for hillwalking in northern England).", "Hiking __knowledge__ The term bushwalking is endemic to Australia, having been adopted by the Sydney Bush Walkers club in 1927.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In New Zealand a long, vigorous walk or hike is called tramping.", "Hiking __knowledge__ It is a popular activity with numerous worldwide, and studies suggest that all forms of walking have health benefits.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In the United States, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, and United Kingdom, hiking means walking outdoors on a trail, or off trail, for recreational purposes.", "Hiking __knowledge__ A day hike refers to a hike that can be completed in a single day.", "Hiking __knowledge__ However, in the United Kingdom, the word walking is also used, as well as rambling, while walking in mountainous areas is called hillwalking.", "Tønsberg og Omegn Ishockeyklubb __knowledge__ Tønsberg og Omegn Ishockeyklubb is an ice hockey club based in Tønsberg, Norway.", "Tønsberg og Omegn Ishockeyklubb __knowledge__ The team's colours are red and white; and home games are played at Tønsberg Ishall.", "Tønsberg og Omegn Ishockeyklubb __knowledge__ The club has mostly competed in the two highest tiers of Norwegian hocke.", "Tønsberg og Omegn Ishockeyklubb __knowledge__ The elite department of the team was formerly known as Tønsberg Vikings, but struggling economy forced that department to withdraw from the league in August 2016.", "Tønsberg og Omegn Ishockeyklubb __knowledge__ A new senior section will compete on the third tier for the 2016-17 season.", "Tønsberg og Omegn Ishockeyklubb __knowledge__ Tønsberg og Omegn Ishockeyklubb was founded on 4 April 1963.", "Tønsberg og Omegn Ishockeyklubb __knowledge__ For most of its history, the club competed in the lower divisions of Norwegian ice hockey, never reaching beyond the third tier.", "Shift plan __knowledge__ The shift plan, rota or roster (esp.", "Shift plan __knowledge__ British) is the central component of a shift schedule in shift work.", "Shift plan __knowledge__ The schedule includes considerations of shift overlap, shift change times and alignment with the clock, vacation, training, shift differentials, holidays, etc.", "Shift plan __knowledge__ The shift plan determines the sequence of work (W) and free (F) days within a shift system.", "Shift plan __knowledge__ A notation used often identifies day (D), swing (S) and night (N) shifts for the W days and O (off) for rest days.", "Shift plan __knowledge__ Note that a worker transitioning from N to O works for the first six or seven hours of the first day \"off\".", "Shift plan __knowledge__ Thus, when days off follow night shifts, the first one or more days \"off\" are, in fact, days of recovery from lack of nighttime sleep.", "Sabbath in Christianity __knowledge__ Sabbath in Christianity is the inclusion or adoption in Christianity of a Sabbath day.", "Sabbath in Christianity __knowledge__ Established within Judaism through Mosaic Law, Christians inherited a Sabbath practice that reflected two great precepts: the commandment to \"remember the sabbath day, to keep it holy\" and God's blessing of the seventh day (Saturday) as a day of rest in the Genesis creation narrative and declared as made for man by Jesus.", "Sabbath in Christianity __knowledge__ The first of these provisions was associated in Judaism with the assembly of the people to worship in the Temple in Jerusalem or in synagogues.", "Sabbath in Christianity __knowledge__ The position now dominant in Western Christianity is that observance of the Lord's Day, Sunday, supplanted or superseded the Sabbath commandment in that the former \"celebrated the Christian community's deliverance from captivity to sin, Satan, and worldly passions, made possible by the resurrection on the first day of the week.\"", "Fasting __knowledge__ Fasting is a willing abstinence or reduction from some or all food, drink, or both, for a period of time.", "Fasting __knowledge__ An absolute fast or dry fasting is normally defined as abstinence from all food and liquid for a defined period, usually a period of 24 hours, or a number of days.", "Fasting __knowledge__ Water fasting allows drinking water but nothing else.", "Fasting __knowledge__ Other fasts may be partially restrictive, limiting only particular foods or substances.", "Fasting __knowledge__ A fast may also be intermittent in nature.", "Fasting __knowledge__ Fasting practices may preclude intercourse and other activities as well as food.", "Fasting __knowledge__ In a physiological context, fasting may refer to the metabolic status of a person who has not eaten overnight, or to the metabolic state achieved after complete digestion and absorption of a meal.", "Ted Bundy __knowledge__ Theodore Robert Bundy (born Theodore Robert Cowell; November 24, 1946 – January 24, 1989) was an American serial killer, kidnapper, rapist, burglar, and necrophile who assaulted and murdered numerous young women and girls during the 1970s and possibly earlier.", "Ted Bundy __knowledge__ Shortly before his execution and after more than a decade of denials, he confessed to 30 homicides that he committed in seven states between 1974 and 1978.", "Ted Bundy __knowledge__ The true victim count will forever be unknown and could be much higher than the number to which Bundy confessed.", "Ted Bundy __knowledge__ Many of Bundy's young female victims regarded him as handsome and charismatic, which were traits that he exploited to win their trust.", "11 Birthdays __knowledge__ 11 Birthdays is a children's time loop novel written by Wendy Mass and first published in 2009 by Scholastic Press.", "11 Birthdays __knowledge__ It is the first novel in the Willow Falls series and it follows the life of a young girl named Amanda Ellerby who has spent each of her first ten birthdays with the same boy, Leonard Fitzpatrick.", "11 Birthdays __knowledge__ With her 11th birthday fast approaching, a falling out between the two friends has caused a shift in this birthday tradition leading to consequences both of them never could have imagined.", "11 Birthdays __knowledge__ Chosen as a 2009 Library Guild Selection, this humorous novel has been the recipient of various nominations and awards across the country.", "Battle of Greece __knowledge__ The Battle of Greece (also known as Operation \"Marita\", ) is the common name for the invasion of Allied Greece by Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany in April 1941 during World War II.", "Battle of Greece __knowledge__ The Italian invasion in October 1940, which is usually known as the Greco-Italian War, was followed by the German invasion in April 1941.", "Battle of Greece __knowledge__ German landings on the island of Crete (May 1941) came after Allied forces had been defeated in mainland Greece.", "Battle of Greece __knowledge__ These battles were part of the greater Balkan Campaign of Germany.", "Battle of Greece __knowledge__ Following the Italian invasion on 28 October 1940, Greece repulsed the initial Italian attack and a counter-attack in March 1941.", "Hike Messenger __knowledge__ Hike Messenger (stylized as hike M E S S E N G E R) is a cross-platform instant messaging service for smartphones that use the internet for communication.", "Hike Messenger __knowledge__ In addition to text messaging, users can send each other graphical stickers, emoticons, images, videos, audios, files, voice messages, contacts and user location.", "Hike Messenger __knowledge__ Hike was launched on 12 December 2012 and raised its first round of funding of $7 million from Bharti SoftBank in April 2013.", "Hike Messenger __knowledge__ Hike is a joint venture between Bharti Enterprises and SoftBank.", "Hike Messenger __knowledge__ On 16 August 2016 Hike raised $175 million in a new round of funding led by Tencent & Foxconn.", "Red Bull X-Alps __knowledge__ The Red Bull X-Alps is a paragliding race in which athletes must hike or fly 1,000 km across the Alps.", "Red Bull X-Alps __knowledge__ It first launched in 2003 and has since taken place every other year.", "Red Bull X-Alps __knowledge__ Around 30 athletes take part and must navigate their way via a predetermined set of turnpoints that vary with each race.", "Red Bull X-Alps __knowledge__ Every kilometer must be covered either on foot or by paraglider.", "Red Bull X-Alps __knowledge__ Teams consist of one athlete and one official supporter, whose role it is to provide technical advice, mental and nutritional support.", "Red Bull X-Alps __knowledge__ The route traditionally covers the Alpine regions of Austria, Germany, Italy, Switzerland and France before ending in Roquebrune-Cap-Martin, France.", "Abenomics __knowledge__ The term \"Abenomics\" is a portmanteau of \"Abe\" and \"economics\", and follows previous political neologisms for economic policies linked to specific leaders, such as Reaganomics, Clintonomics and Rogernomics.", "Abenomics __knowledge__ The Japanese government raised consumption tax rates from 3% to 5% in 1997, which worsened the recession and deflated the economy.", "Abenomics __knowledge__ The government raised the consumption tax in 1997 for the purpose of balancing its budget, and then the government revenue decreased by 4.5 trillion yen because consumption stumbled.", "Abenomics __knowledge__ The country recorded a GDP growth rate of 3 percent in 1996, but after the tax hike the economy sank into recession.", "East Coast Trail __knowledge__ Started in 1994, the East Coast Trail is a long-distance footpath located in the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador.", "East Coast Trail __knowledge__ It is over of developed trail that is made up of 26 wilderness paths and intersect more than 30 communities.", "East Coast Trail __knowledge__ It was named one of the best adventure destinations by National Geographic in 2012 and grows and improves every year.", "East Coast Trail __knowledge__ Maintained by the East Coast Trail Association and located primarily on public lands, the trail traces the east coast of Newfoundland along the Atlantic Ocean.", "East Coast Trail __knowledge__ The trail passes through many small coastal towns nested in the bays of the Avalon Peninsula.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The Appalachian National Scenic Trail, generally known as the Appalachian Trail or simply the A.T., is a marked hiking trail in the Eastern United States extending between Springer Mountain in Georgia and Mount Katahdin in Maine.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The trail is estimated around 2,200 miles (3,500 km) long, though the exact length changes over time as parts are modified or rerouted.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The Appalachian Trail Conservancy claims that the Appalachian Trail is the longest hiking-only trail in the world.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ More than 2 million people are said to take a hike on part of the trail at least once each year.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The idea of the Appalachian Trail came about in 1921.", "Philmont Scout Ranch __knowledge__ Philmont Scout Ranch is a large, rugged, mountainous ranch located near the town of Cimarron, New Mexico, covering 140,177 acres (219 sq mi; 567 km²) of wilderness in the Sangre de Cristo Mountains of the Rocky Mountains of northern New Mexico.", "Philmont Scout Ranch __knowledge__ The ranch, formerly the property of oil baron Waite Phillips and now that of the Boy Scouts of America, is a National High Adventure Base in which crews of Scouts and Venturers take part in backpacking expeditions and other outdoor activities.", "Philmont Scout Ranch __knowledge__ It is the one of the largest youth camps in the world in land area.", "Philmont Scout Ranch __knowledge__ Between June 8 and August 22 around 22,000 Scouts and adult leaders backpack across the Ranch's extensive backcountry while over 1,130 seasonal staff personnel maintain the Ranch's summer operations.", "Robert Stone (trail guide writer) __knowledge__ Robert Paul Stone (born March 10, 1951) is the author, photographer, and publisher of the trail guide series Day Hike Books.", "Robert Stone (trail guide writer) __knowledge__ Since 1991, Stone has hiked every trail in the Day Hike Book series, covering thousands of miles of trails throughout the western United States and Hawaii.", "Robert Stone (trail guide writer) __knowledge__ He has self-published more than 30 hiking guides in the series, many of them in their third, fourth, fifth, or sixth editions.", "Robert Stone (trail guide writer) __knowledge__ He is a bestselling and multiple award-winning author.", "Robert Stone (trail guide writer) __knowledge__ Stone summers in the Rocky Mountains of Montana and winters on the California Central Coast.", "Robert Stone (trail guide writer) __knowledge__ Stone was born in Los Angeles in 1951.", "Robert Stone (trail guide writer) __knowledge__ In 1981, he relocated to Red Lodge, Montana, where he started his own real estate business." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hiking __knowledge__ Hiking is the preferred term, in Canada and the United States, for a long, vigorous walk, usually on trails (footpaths), in the countryside, while the word walking is used for shorter, particularly urban walks.", "Hiking __knowledge__ On the other hand, in the United Kingdom, and the Republic of Ireland, the word \"walking\" is acceptable to describe \"all forms\" of walking, whether it is a walk in the park or backpacking in the Alps.", "Hiking __knowledge__ The word hiking is also often used in the UK, along with rambling (a slightly old-fashioned term), hillwalking, and fell walking (a term mostly used for hillwalking in northern England).", "Hiking __knowledge__ The term bushwalking is endemic to Australia, having been adopted by the Sydney Bush Walkers club in 1927.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In New Zealand a long, vigorous walk or hike is called tramping.", "Hiking __knowledge__ It is a popular activity with numerous worldwide, and studies suggest that all forms of walking have health benefits.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In the United States, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, and United Kingdom, hiking means walking outdoors on a trail, or off trail, for recreational purposes.", "Hiking __knowledge__ A day hike refers to a hike that can be completed in a single day.", "Hiking __knowledge__ However, in the United Kingdom, the word walking is also used, as well as rambling, while walking in mountainous areas is called hillwalking.", "The Tramp __knowledge__ The Tramp (\"Charlot\" in several languages), also known as The Little Tramp, was British actor Charlie Chaplin's most memorable on-screen character and an icon in world cinema during the era of silent film.", "The Tramp __knowledge__ \"The Tramp\" is also the title of a silent film starring Chaplin, which Chaplin wrote and directed in 1915.", "The Tramp __knowledge__ The Tramp, as portrayed by Chaplin, is a childlike, bumbling but generally good-hearted character who is most famously portrayed as a vagrant who endeavors to behave with the manners and dignity of a gentleman despite his actual social status.", "The Tramp __knowledge__ However, while he is ready to take what paying work is available, he also uses his cunning to get what he needs to survive and escape the authority figures who will not tolerate his antics.", "Charlie Chaplin __knowledge__ Sir Charles Spencer Chaplin, (16 April 1889 – 25 December 1977) was an English comic actor, filmmaker, and composer who rose to fame in the era of silent film.", "Charlie Chaplin __knowledge__ Chaplin became a worldwide icon through his screen persona \"the Tramp\" and is considered one of the most important figures in the history of the film industry.", "Charlie Chaplin __knowledge__ His career spanned more than 75 years, from childhood in the Victorian era until a year before his death in 1977, and encompassed both adulation and controversy.", "Charlie Chaplin __knowledge__ Chaplin's childhood in London was one of poverty and hardship.", "Charlie Chaplin __knowledge__ As his father was absent and his mother struggled financially, he was sent to a workhouse twice before the age of nine.", "Mike Tramp __knowledge__ Michael Trempenau (born January 14, 1961), better known as Mike Tramp, is a Danish singer and songwriter who is best known for his work with the hard rock bands, White Lion and Freak of Nature.", "Mike Tramp __knowledge__ Since 1998, he has released several solo albums.", "Mike Tramp __knowledge__ In 2012, Tramp went on a solo acoustic tour releasing acoustic albums in both 2013 and 2014.", "Mike Tramp __knowledge__ He returned with a full band line up in 2015 and in 2017, released the album \"Maybe Tomorrow\" which charted at #1 in Denmark.", "Mike Tramp __knowledge__ Michael Trempenau was born in Denmark and grew up in Vesterbro with his mother, Doris, who died April 2010 at the age of 80, and two brothers, Dennis and Kim.", "White Lion __knowledge__ White Lion was a Danish/American rock band that was formed in New York City in 1983 by Danish vocalist Mike Tramp and American guitarist Vito Bratta.", "White Lion __knowledge__ Mainly active in the 1980s and early 1990s, releasing their debut album \"Fight to Survive\" in 1985.", "White Lion __knowledge__ The band achieved success with their No.", "White Lion __knowledge__ 8 hit \"Wait\" and No.", "White Lion __knowledge__ 3 hit \"When the Children Cry\" from their second album, the double platinum selling \"Pride\".", "White Lion __knowledge__ The band continued their success with their third album, \"Big Game\" which achieved Gold status and their fourth album \"Mane Attraction\" which included a supporting tour.", "White Lion __knowledge__ White Lion disbanded in 1992 and not long after their first compilation album, \"The Best of White Lion\" was released.", "Tramp __knowledge__ A tramp is a long-term homeless person who travels from place to place as a vagrant, traditionally walking all year round.", "Tramp __knowledge__ The word \"tramp\" became a common way to refer to such people in 19th-century Britain and America.", "Tramp __knowledge__ Tramp is derived from a Middle English verb meaning to \"walk with heavy footsteps\" (\"cf.\"", "Tramp __knowledge__ modern English \"trample\") and to go hiking.", "Tramp __knowledge__ In Britain the term was widely used to refer to vagrants in the early Victorian period.", "Tramp __knowledge__ The social reporter Henry Mayhew refers to it in his writings of the 1840s and 1850s.", "Tramp __knowledge__ By 1850 the word was well established.", "Tramp __knowledge__ In that year Mayhew described \"the different kinds of vagrants or tramps\" to be found in Britain, along with the \"different trampers' houses in London or the country\".", "City Lights __knowledge__ City Lights is a 1931 American pre-Code silent romantic comedy film written, produced, directed by and starring Charlie Chaplin.", "City Lights __knowledge__ The story follows the misadventures of Chaplin's Tramp as he falls in love with a blind girl (Virginia Cherrill) and develops a turbulent friendship with an alcoholic millionaire (Harry Myers).", "City Lights __knowledge__ Although sound films were on the rise when Chaplin started developing the script in 1928, he decided to continue working with silent productions.", "City Lights __knowledge__ Filming started in December 1928 and ended in September 1930.", "City Lights __knowledge__ \"City Lights\" marked the first time Chaplin composed the film score to one of his productions and it was written in six weeks with Arthur Johnston.", "Tramp trade __knowledge__ A boat or ship engaged in the tramp trade is one which does not have a fixed schedule or published ports of call.", "Tramp trade __knowledge__ As opposed to freight liners, tramp ships trade on the spot market with no fixed schedule or itinerary/ports-of-call(s).", "Tramp trade __knowledge__ A steamship engaged in the tramp trade is sometimes called a tramp steamer; the similar terms tramp freighter and tramper are also used.", "Tramp trade __knowledge__ Chartering is done chiefly on London, New York, Singapore shipbroking exchanges.", "Tramp trade __knowledge__ The Baltic Exchange serves as a type of stock market index for the trade.", "Tramp trade __knowledge__ The term tramper is derived from the British meaning of \"tramp\" as itinerant beggar or vagrant; in this context it is first documented in the 1880s, along with \"ocean tramp\" (at the time many sailing vessels engaged in irregular trade as well).", "H. W. Gretton __knowledge__ H. W. (Harold William) Gretton (16 March 1914 – 1983) was a New Zealand poet, lyricist, writer, teacher, journalist, linguist, diarist and Second World War soldier.", "H. W. Gretton __knowledge__ In New Zealand, Gretton's tramping songs (popular between the 1950s and 1970s) are still well known today.", "H. W. Gretton __knowledge__ His Second World War diary is also of note for its social history of military life, along with his soldier's poem 'Koru and Acanthus'.", "H. W. Gretton __knowledge__ Gretton grew up near Palmerston North on a dairy farm in Linton.", "H. W. Gretton __knowledge__ He was the son of the farmer Thomas Henry Gretton and Margaret Gretton (née Geddes).", "H. W. Gretton __knowledge__ He attended Palmerston North Boys' High School and after Victoria College (1935–38).", "Tramping in New Zealand __knowledge__ Tramping, known elsewhere as backpacking, rambling, hill walking or bushwalking, is a popular activity in New Zealand.", "Tramping in New Zealand __knowledge__ Tramping is defined as a recreational activity involving walking over rough country.", "Tramping in New Zealand __knowledge__ Trampers often carry a backpack and wet-weather gear, and may also carry equipment for cooking and sleeping.", "Tramping in New Zealand __knowledge__ Alpine climbing has been a recreational activity from the early days of European settlement, and possibly earlier.", "Tramping in New Zealand __knowledge__ From the 1950s tracks, huts and bridges were built in the forested areas of New Zealand to support hunters culling introduced deer species which had become a threat to the biodiversity of New Zealand.", "Canterbury University Tramping Club __knowledge__ The Canterbury University Tramping Club (CUTC) is one of the largest sports clubs at the University of Canterbury.", "Canterbury University Tramping Club __knowledge__ It was formed for the pursuit of outdoor activities, mainly tramping, mountaineering and climbing.", "Canterbury University Tramping Club __knowledge__ Club members also go mountain biking, kayaking and skiing.", "Canterbury University Tramping Club __knowledge__ Most members are students, staff or recent graduates of the University of Canterbury in Christchurch, New Zealand.", "Canterbury University Tramping Club __knowledge__ The club has weekly meetings during term time, and multiple trips going away most weekends.", "Canterbury University Tramping Club __knowledge__ The club dates back to before 1934, first being known as the 'Canterbury College Tramping Club', then later 'Canterbury University College Tramping Club' and finally 'Canterbury University Tramping Club'.", "New Zealand __knowledge__ New Zealand ( ) is an island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean.", "New Zealand __knowledge__ The country geographically comprises two main landmasses—the North Island (or \"Te Ika-a-Māui\"), and the South Island (or \"Te Waipounamu\")—and around 600 smaller islands.", "New Zealand __knowledge__ New Zealand is situated some east of Australia across the Tasman Sea and roughly south of the Pacific island areas of New Caledonia, Fiji, and Tonga.", "New Zealand __knowledge__ Because of its remoteness, it was one of the last lands to be settled by humans.", "New Zealand __knowledge__ During its long period of isolation, New Zealand developed a distinct biodiversity of animal, fungal and plant life.", "New Zealand __knowledge__ The country's varied topography and its sharp mountain peaks, such as the Southern Alps, owe much to the tectonic uplift of land and volcanic eruptions.", "Fiordland National Park __knowledge__ Fiordland National Park occupies the southwest corner of the South Island of New Zealand.", "Fiordland National Park __knowledge__ It is the largest of the 14 national parks in New Zealand, with an area of , and a major part of the Te Wahipounamu World Heritage site.", "Fiordland National Park __knowledge__ The park is administered by the Department of Conservation.", "Fiordland National Park __knowledge__ Almost of Fiordland were set aside as a national reserve in 1904, following suggestions by then-future Prime Minister Thomas Mackenzie and Southland Commissioner of Crown Lands, John Hay that the region should be declared a national park.", "Fiordland National Park __knowledge__ The area had already become a destination for trampers, following the opening up of the Milford Track from Lake Te Anau to Milford Sound in 1889 by New Zealand explorers Quintin McKinnon and Donald Sutherland (explorer), which received significant publicity from a 1908 article in the London Spectator describing it as the \"Finest Walk in the World\".", "Edmund Hillary __knowledge__ Sir Edmund Percival Hillary (20 July 1919 – 11 January 2008) was a New Zealand mountaineer, explorer, and philanthropist.", "Edmund Hillary __knowledge__ On 29 May 1953, Hillary and Nepalese Sherpa mountaineer Tenzing Norgay became the first climbers confirmed to have reached the summit of Mount Everest.", "Edmund Hillary __knowledge__ They were part of the ninth British expedition to Everest, led by John Hunt.", "Edmund Hillary __knowledge__ Hillary became interested in mountaineering while in secondary school.", "Edmund Hillary __knowledge__ He made his first major climb in 1939, reaching the summit of Mount Ollivier.", "Edmund Hillary __knowledge__ He served in the Royal New Zealand Air Force as a navigator during World War II.", "Edmund Hillary __knowledge__ Prior to the 1953 Everest expedition, Hillary had been part of the British reconnaissance expedition to the mountain in 1951 as well as an unsuccessful attempt to climb Cho Oyu in 1952." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hiking __knowledge__ Hiking is the preferred term, in Canada and the United States, for a long, vigorous walk, usually on trails (footpaths), in the countryside, while the word walking is used for shorter, particularly urban walks.", "Hiking __knowledge__ On the other hand, in the United Kingdom, and the Republic of Ireland, the word \"walking\" is acceptable to describe \"all forms\" of walking, whether it is a walk in the park or backpacking in the Alps.", "Hiking __knowledge__ The word hiking is also often used in the UK, along with rambling (a slightly old-fashioned term), hillwalking, and fell walking (a term mostly used for hillwalking in northern England).", "Hiking __knowledge__ The term bushwalking is endemic to Australia, having been adopted by the Sydney Bush Walkers club in 1927.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In New Zealand a long, vigorous walk or hike is called tramping.", "Hiking __knowledge__ It is a popular activity with numerous worldwide, and studies suggest that all forms of walking have health benefits.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In the United States, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, and United Kingdom, hiking means walking outdoors on a trail, or off trail, for recreational purposes.", "Hiking __knowledge__ A day hike refers to a hike that can be completed in a single day.", "Hiking __knowledge__ However, in the United Kingdom, the word walking is also used, as well as rambling, while walking in mountainous areas is called hillwalking.", "Hot Standby Router Protocol __knowledge__ In computer networking, the Hot Standby Router Protocol (HSRP) is a Cisco proprietary redundancy protocol for establishing a fault-tolerant default gateway.", "Hot Standby Router Protocol __knowledge__ Version 1 of the protocol was described in RFC 2281.", "Hot Standby Router Protocol __knowledge__ There is no RFC for version 2 of the protocol.", "Hot Standby Router Protocol __knowledge__ The protocol establishes a framework between network routers in order to achieve default gateway failover if the primary gateway becomes inaccessible, in close association with a rapid-converging routing protocol like EIGRP or OSPF.", "Hot Standby Router Protocol __knowledge__ HSRP routers send multicast \"Hello\" messages to other routers to notify them of their priorities (which router is preferred) and current status (\"Active\" or \"Standby\").", "Common Address Redundancy Protocol __knowledge__ The Common Address Redundancy Protocol or CARP is a computer networking protocol which allows multiple hosts on the same local area network to share a set of IP addresses.", "Common Address Redundancy Protocol __knowledge__ Its primary purpose is to provide failover redundancy, especially when used with firewalls and routers.", "Common Address Redundancy Protocol __knowledge__ In some configurations, CARP can also provide load balancing functionality.", "Common Address Redundancy Protocol __knowledge__ CARP provides functionality similar to VRRP and to Cisco Systems' HSRP.", "Common Address Redundancy Protocol __knowledge__ It is implemented in several BSD-based operating systems and has been ported to Linux.", "Common Address Redundancy Protocol __knowledge__ If there is a single computer running a packet filter, and it goes down, the networks on either side of the packet filter can no longer communicate with each other, or they communicate without any packet filtering.", "Second Congo War __knowledge__ The Second Congo War (also known as the Great War of Africa or the Great African War, and sometimes referred to as the African World War) began in August 1998 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, little more than a year after the First Congo War, and involved some of the same issues.", "Second Congo War __knowledge__ The war officially ended in July 2003, when the Transitional Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo took power.", "Second Congo War __knowledge__ Although a peace agreement was signed in 2002, violence continued in many regions of the country, especially in the east.", "Second Congo War __knowledge__ Hostilities have continued since the ongoing Lord's Resistance Army insurgency, and the Kivu and Ituri conflicts.", "Abenomics __knowledge__ The term \"Abenomics\" is a portmanteau of \"Abe\" and \"economics\", and follows previous political neologisms for economic policies linked to specific leaders, such as Reaganomics, Clintonomics and Rogernomics.", "Abenomics __knowledge__ The Japanese government raised consumption tax rates from 3% to 5% in 1997, which worsened the recession and deflated the economy.", "Abenomics __knowledge__ The government raised the consumption tax in 1997 for the purpose of balancing its budget, and then the government revenue decreased by 4.5 trillion yen because consumption stumbled.", "Abenomics __knowledge__ The country recorded a GDP growth rate of 3 percent in 1996, but after the tax hike the economy sank into recession.", "Hike Messenger __knowledge__ Hike Messenger (stylized as hike M E S S E N G E R) is a cross-platform instant messaging service for smartphones that use the internet for communication.", "Hike Messenger __knowledge__ In addition to text messaging, users can send each other graphical stickers, emoticons, images, videos, audios, files, voice messages, contacts and user location.", "Hike Messenger __knowledge__ Hike was launched on 12 December 2012 and raised its first round of funding of $7 million from Bharti SoftBank in April 2013.", "Hike Messenger __knowledge__ Hike is a joint venture between Bharti Enterprises and SoftBank.", "Hike Messenger __knowledge__ On 16 August 2016 Hike raised $175 million in a new round of funding led by Tencent & Foxconn.", "East Coast Trail __knowledge__ Started in 1994, the East Coast Trail is a long-distance footpath located in the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador.", "East Coast Trail __knowledge__ It is over of developed trail that is made up of 26 wilderness paths and intersect more than 30 communities.", "East Coast Trail __knowledge__ It was named one of the best adventure destinations by National Geographic in 2012 and grows and improves every year.", "East Coast Trail __knowledge__ Maintained by the East Coast Trail Association and located primarily on public lands, the trail traces the east coast of Newfoundland along the Atlantic Ocean.", "East Coast Trail __knowledge__ The trail passes through many small coastal towns nested in the bays of the Avalon Peninsula.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The Appalachian National Scenic Trail, generally known as the Appalachian Trail or simply the A.T., is a marked hiking trail in the Eastern United States extending between Springer Mountain in Georgia and Mount Katahdin in Maine.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The trail is estimated around 2,200 miles (3,500 km) long, though the exact length changes over time as parts are modified or rerouted.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The Appalachian Trail Conservancy claims that the Appalachian Trail is the longest hiking-only trail in the world.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ More than 2 million people are said to take a hike on part of the trail at least once each year.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The idea of the Appalachian Trail came about in 1921.", "Health insurance in the United States __knowledge__ In the United States, health insurance is any program that helps pay for medical expenses, whether through privately purchased insurance, social insurance or a social welfare program funded by the government.", "Health insurance in the United States __knowledge__ Synonyms for this usage include \"health coverage\", \"health care coverage\" and \"health benefits\".", "Health insurance in the United States __knowledge__ In a more technical sense, the term is used to describe any form of insurance that provides protection against the costs of medical services.", "Health insurance in the United States __knowledge__ This usage includes private insurance and social insurance programs such as Medicare, which pools resources and spreads the financial risk associated with major medical expenses across the entire population to protect everyone, as well as social welfare programs such as Medicaid and the Children's Health Insurance Program, which provide assistance to people who cannot afford health coverage.", "Workplace wellness __knowledge__ Workplace wellness is any workplace health promotion activity or organizational policy designed to support healthy behavior in the workplace and to improve health outcomes.", "Workplace wellness __knowledge__ Known as 'corporate wellbeing' outside the US, workplace wellness often comprises activities such as health education, medical screenings, weight management programs, on-site fitness programs or facilities.", "Workplace wellness __knowledge__ These programs can be classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary health programs, depending on the goal of the specific program.", "Workplace wellness __knowledge__ Primary prevention programs usually target a fairly healthy employee population, and encourage them to more frequently engage in health behaviors that will encourage ongoing good health.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ is the longest-running noontime variety show in the Philippines.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The show has featured hundreds of segments and competitions since its debut on July 30, 1979.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The following is an incomplete list of the segments of \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ throughout its thirty-eight year run on television.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The segments are organized alphabetically by title.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ It is a special segment that has a similar concept with \"I Object, Your Honor\" and \"I Object, #NasaanAngHustisya?", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \", that tests the cleverness and originality of the \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ hosts.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The hosts are divided into two teams.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ In each round, both teams are given one specific object.", "Essential health benefits __knowledge__ Essential health benefits (EHBs) have been defined since the 2010 United States Affordable Care Act as a set of benefits which Individually purchased health insurance in the United States and insurance plans in small group markets, both inside and outside of the Health Insurance Marketplace must cover for people.", "Essential health benefits __knowledge__ Exempt from the EHB requirement are large-group health plans, self-insured ERISA plans, and ERISA-governed multiemployer welfare arrangements not subject to state insurance law.", "Essential health benefits __knowledge__ The 2010 Affordable Care Act (ACA) set forth the following ten categories of essential health benefits, at Section 1302(b)(1) of the ACA, codified at 42 U.S.C.", "Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act __knowledge__ The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, often shortened to the Affordable Care Act (ACA) or nicknamed Obamacare, is a United States federal statute enacted by the 111th United States Congress and signed into law by President Barack Obama on March 23, 2010.", "Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act __knowledge__ The term \"Obamacare\" was first used by opponents, then reappropriated by supporters, and eventually used by President Obama himself.", "Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act __knowledge__ Together with the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 amendment, it represents the U.S. healthcare system's most significant regulatory overhaul and expansion of coverage since the passage of Medicare and Medicaid in 1965.", "Physical fitness __knowledge__ Physical fitness is a state of health and well-being and, more specifically, the ability to perform aspects of sports, occupations and daily activities.", "Physical fitness __knowledge__ Physical fitness is generally achieved through proper nutrition, moderate-vigorous physical exercise, and sufficient rest.", "Physical fitness __knowledge__ Before the industrial revolution, \"fitness\" was defined as the capacity to carry out the day’s activities without undue fatigue.", "Physical fitness __knowledge__ However, with automation and changes in lifestyles \"physical fitness\" is now considered a measure of the body's ability to function efficiently and effectively in work and leisure activities, to be healthy, to resist hypokinetic diseases, and to meet emergency situations.", "Health effects of wine __knowledge__ The health effects of wine are mainly determined by its active ingredient alcohol.", "Health effects of wine __knowledge__ Some studies found that drinking small quantities of alcohol (up to one standard drink per day for women and one to two drinks per day for men) is associated with a decreased risk of heart disease, stroke, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome and early death.", "Health effects of wine __knowledge__ However, other studies found no such effect.", "Health effects of wine __knowledge__ Drinking more than the standard drink amount increases the risk of heart disease, high blood pressure, atrial fibrillation, stroke and cancer.", "Health effects of wine __knowledge__ Mixed results are also observed in light drinking and cancer mortality." ] ]

[ 1, 8, 5, 6, 7 ]

[ "I also enjoy hiking! Especially through trails in the countryside.", "Have you ever been on a day hike, where you hike for the entire day?", "In New Zealand they sometimes go for a long, vigorous walk and they call it \"tramping\".", "Very funny word! But I guess not to them. It is a popular activity overall and has great health benefits.", "It's kind of how it is where I live too! In the US, Canada and a few other places, hiking just means walking outdoors, it doesn't have to be on a trail." ]

[ "Hiking", "Hiking", "Hiking", "Hiking", "Hiking" ]

[ "French cuisine", "Same here, I love making all sorts of food.", "Oh I know, cheeses can taste so different and amazing it's so interesting.", "I love all the carbs and Italian flavors like Parmesan and things like that." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "French cuisine __knowledge__ French cuisine consists of the cooking traditions and practices from France.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ In the 14th century Guillaume Tirel, a court chef known as \"Taillevent\", wrote \"Le Viandier\", one of the earliest recipe collections of medieval France.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ During that time, French cuisine was heavily influenced by Italian cuisine.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ In the 17th century, chefs François Pierre La Varenne and Marie-Antoine Carême spearheaded movements that shifted French cooking away from its foreign influences and developed France's own indigenous style.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ Cheese and wine are a major part of the cuisine.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ They play different roles regionally and nationally, with many variations and \"appellation d'origine contrôlée\" (AOC) (regulated appellation) laws.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ French cuisine was codified in the 20th century by Auguste Escoffier to become the modern haute cuisine; Escoffier, however, left out much of the local culinary character to be found in the regions of France and was considered difficult to execute by home cooks.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ Gastro-tourism and the \"Guide Michelin\" helped to acquaint people with the rich bourgeois and peasant cuisine of the French countryside starting in the 20th century.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ Gascon cuisine has also had great influence over the cuisine in the southwest of France." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "French cuisine __knowledge__ French cuisine consists of the cooking traditions and practices from France.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ In the 14th century Guillaume Tirel, a court chef known as \"Taillevent\", wrote \"Le Viandier\", one of the earliest recipe collections of medieval France.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ During that time, French cuisine was heavily influenced by Italian cuisine.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ In the 17th century, chefs François Pierre La Varenne and Marie-Antoine Carême spearheaded movements that shifted French cooking away from its foreign influences and developed France's own indigenous style.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ Cheese and wine are a major part of the cuisine.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ They play different roles regionally and nationally, with many variations and \"appellation d'origine contrôlée\" (AOC) (regulated appellation) laws.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ French cuisine was codified in the 20th century by Auguste Escoffier to become the modern haute cuisine; Escoffier, however, left out much of the local culinary character to be found in the regions of France and was considered difficult to execute by home cooks.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ Gastro-tourism and the \"Guide Michelin\" helped to acquaint people with the rich bourgeois and peasant cuisine of the French countryside starting in the 20th century.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ Gascon cuisine has also had great influence over the cuisine in the southwest of France.", "Allium yosemitense __knowledge__ Allium yosemitense is a California species of wild onion known by the common name Yosemite onion.", "Allium yosemitense __knowledge__ Most of the known populations are situated within the boundaries of Yosemite National Park.", "Allium yosemitense __knowledge__ \"Allium yosemitense\" grows from a bulb two to three centimeters long, producing a scape up to about in maximum height.", "Allium yosemitense __knowledge__ It has two long flat leaves that are usually slightly longer than the scape.", "Allium yosemitense __knowledge__ The umbel contains up to 50 white or pink flowers, each on a pedicel which may be over long.", "Allium yosemitense __knowledge__ \"Allium yosemitense\" is endemic to the central Sierra Nevada of California.", "Allium yosemitense __knowledge__ Populations have been recorded in three counties: El Dorado, Mariposa and Tuolumne.", "Black Tickets __knowledge__ \"Black Ticket\"s (1979) is a collection of short stories by American writer Jayne Anne Phillips.", "Black Tickets __knowledge__ The collection was published by Delacorte/Seymour Lawrence.", "Black Tickets __knowledge__ The story begins with the narrator looking at his/her mother's wedding picture.", "Black Tickets __knowledge__ The narrator notices details about his/her mother and also the man in the picture which could be his/her father.", "Black Tickets __knowledge__ The narrator then alludes to the death of the man in the wedding picture and about the loss of religion.", "Black Tickets __knowledge__ The picture was taken in the 1940s, so the mother seems to have been pressured to remarry shortly after the death of her first husband.", "Black Tickets __knowledge__ Phillips writes in a dark tone that leads the reader to believe that the lives of the mother and the narrator were not easy and did not go as planned.", "Thomas Trueblood __knowledge__ Thomas Clarkson Trueblood (April 6, 1856 – June 5, 1951) was an American professor of elocution and oratory and the first coach of the University of Michigan golf and debate teams.", "Thomas Trueblood __knowledge__ He was affiliated with the University of Michigan for 67 years from 1884 to 1951, and was a nationally known writer and speaker on oratory and debate.", "Thomas Trueblood __knowledge__ He founded UM's Department of Elocution and Oratory as well as the campus debate program.", "Thomas Trueblood __knowledge__ He became the subject of national media attention in 1903 when the \"Chicago Tribune\" ran an article stating that he was offering a new \"course in love making.\"", "Thomas Trueblood __knowledge__ His golf teams won two NCAA National Championships and five Big Ten Conference championships.", "Bade Achhe Lagte Hain __knowledge__ Bade Achhe Lagte Hain (English: \"It Seems So Beautiful\" ; Hindi: बड़े अच्छे लगते हैं ; ) is a Hindi-language Indian television soap opera which was broadcast by Sony Entertainment Television India from 30 May 2011 to 10 July 2014, when it ended its run after telecasting 644 episodes.", "Bade Achhe Lagte Hain __knowledge__ Based on the Gujarati play \"Patrani\" by Imtiaz Patel, the soap opera was created by Ekta Kapoor and was produced by her production company Balaji Telefilms.", "Bade Achhe Lagte Hain __knowledge__ The name of the soap opera, along with its title track, has been inspired by a song of the same name, composed by R.D.", "Bade Achhe Lagte Hain __knowledge__ Burman, from the soundtrack of the 1976 Bollywood film \"Balika Badhu\".", "Billy's Love Making __knowledge__ Billy's Love Making is a 1915 American silent romantic drama directed by and starring William Garwood and Violet Mersereau.", "Sexual revolution __knowledge__ The Sexual Revolution, also known as a time of Sexual Liberation, was a social movement that challenged traditional codes of behavior related to sexuality and interpersonal relationships throughout the United States and subsequently, the wider world, from the 1960s to the 1980s.", "Sexual revolution __knowledge__ Sexual liberation included increased acceptance of sex outside of traditional heterosexual, monogamous relationships (primarily marriage).", "Sexual revolution __knowledge__ The normalization of contraception and the pill, public nudity, pornography, premarital sex, homosexuality, and alternative forms of sexuality, and the legalization of abortion all followed.", "I Love Lucy __knowledge__ I Love Lucy is an American television sitcom starring Lucille Ball, Desi Arnaz, Vivian Vance, and William Frawley.", "I Love Lucy __knowledge__ The black-and-white series originally ran from October 15, 1951 to May 6, 1957 on CBS.", "I Love Lucy __knowledge__ After the series ended in 1957, a modified version continued for three more seasons with 13 one-hour specials; it ran from 1957 to 1960.", "I Love Lucy __knowledge__ It was first known as \"The Lucille Ball-Desi Arnaz Show\" and later in reruns as \"The Lucy–Desi Comedy Hour\".", "I Love Lucy __knowledge__ The show, which was the first scripted television program to be shot on 35 mm film in front of a studio audience, won five Emmy Awards and received numerous nominations.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ \"\" is a manga series written by Yūto Tsukuda and illustrated by Shun Saeki, serialized in \"Weekly Shōnen Jump\".", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ 27 tankōbon volumes have been released.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ An anime adaptation has aired 49 episodes over 3 seasons.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ The story follows protagonist and title character Sōma Yukihira as he transfers to the elite Tōtsuki Culinary Academy, an extremely competitive atmosphere, where only the top 1% of students graduate in.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ Under the motto \"Cooking is Everything\", students are judged on their cooking for admission to the academy and in many classes, tournaments and events.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ Competition may lead to a Shokugeki, a cooking match held in an indoor stadium, where students stake their pride and futures as chefs.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Latin American cuisine __knowledge__ Latin American cuisine is the typical foods, beverages, and cooking styles common to many of the countries and cultures in Latin America.", "Latin American cuisine __knowledge__ Latin America is a highly diverse area of land that holds various cuisines that vary from nation to nation.", "Latin American cuisine __knowledge__ Some items typical of Latin American cuisine include maize-based dishes arepas, pupusas, tacos, tamales, tortillas and various salsas and other condiments (guacamole, pico de gallo, mole, chimichurri, chili, aji, pebre).", "Latin American cuisine __knowledge__ These spices are generally what give the Latin American cuisines a distinct flavor; yet, each country of Latin America tends to use a different spice and those that share spices tend to use them at different quantities.", "Tillari (Forebay) Dam __knowledge__ Tilari (Forebay) Dam is situated in Dodamarg Taluka, in the Indian state of Maharashtra and the largest one is situated in Chandgad taluk of Kolhapur District in Maharashtra and is constructed on Tilari River as the result of a joint project by the Maharashtra and Goa governments.", "Tillari (Forebay) Dam __knowledge__ The water from this dam is distributed to both states.", "Tillari (Forebay) Dam __knowledge__ The dam is located near the border of Maharashtra and Karnataka and necessitated the relocation of several villages in the area.", "Tillari (Forebay) Dam __knowledge__ There are many reservoirs.", "Tillari (Forebay) Dam __knowledge__ The largest one is located near Belgaum in a village named Hajgoli in Maharashtra.", "Tillari (Forebay) Dam __knowledge__ The village is approximately 30 km from Belgaum and is a weekend spot for the people of that town.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine comprises a wide variety of regional and traditional cuisines native to the Indian subcontinent.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Given the range of diversity in soil type, climate, culture, ethnic groups, and occupations, these cuisines vary substantially from each other and use locally available spices, herbs, vegetables, and fruits.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian food is also heavily influenced by religion, in particular Hindu, and cultural choices and traditions.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Also, Middle Eastern and Central Asian influences have occurred on North Indian cuisine from the years of Mughal rule.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine is still evolving, as a result of the nation's cultural interactions with other societies.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ Malaysian cuisine consists of cooking traditions and practices found in Malaysia, and reflects the multiethnic makeup of its population.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ The vast majority of Malaysia's population can roughly be divided among three major ethnic groups: Malays, Chinese and Indians.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ The remainder consists of the indigenous peoples of Sabah and Sarawak in East Malaysia, the Orang Asli of Peninsular Malaysia, the Peranakan and Eurasian creole communities, as well as a significant number of foreign workers and expatriates.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ As a result of historical migrations, colonisation by foreign powers, and its geographical position within its wider home region, Malaysia's culinary style in the present day is primarily a melange of traditions from its Malay, Chinese, Indian, Indonesian and ethnic Bornean citizens, with heavy to light influences from Thai, Portuguese, Dutch, and British cuisines, to name a few.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Medieval cuisine includes foods, eating habits, and cooking methods of various European cultures during the Middle Ages, which lasted from the fifth to the fifteenth century.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ During this period, diets and cooking changed less than they did in the early modern period that followed, when those changes helped lay the foundations for modern European cuisine.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Cereals remained the most important staple during the early Middle Ages as rice was introduced late, and the potato was only introduced in 1536, with a much later date for widespread consumption.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Barley, oat and rye were eaten by the poor.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Wheat was for the governing classes." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "French cuisine __knowledge__ French cuisine consists of the cooking traditions and practices from France.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ In the 14th century Guillaume Tirel, a court chef known as \"Taillevent\", wrote \"Le Viandier\", one of the earliest recipe collections of medieval France.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ During that time, French cuisine was heavily influenced by Italian cuisine.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ In the 17th century, chefs François Pierre La Varenne and Marie-Antoine Carême spearheaded movements that shifted French cooking away from its foreign influences and developed France's own indigenous style.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ Cheese and wine are a major part of the cuisine.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ They play different roles regionally and nationally, with many variations and \"appellation d'origine contrôlée\" (AOC) (regulated appellation) laws.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ French cuisine was codified in the 20th century by Auguste Escoffier to become the modern haute cuisine; Escoffier, however, left out much of the local culinary character to be found in the regions of France and was considered difficult to execute by home cooks.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ Gastro-tourism and the \"Guide Michelin\" helped to acquaint people with the rich bourgeois and peasant cuisine of the French countryside starting in the 20th century.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ Gascon cuisine has also had great influence over the cuisine in the southwest of France.", "Cheese __knowledge__ Cheese is a food derived from milk that is produced in a wide range of flavors, textures, and forms by coagulation of the milk protein casein.", "Cheese __knowledge__ It comprises proteins and fat from milk, usually the milk of cows, buffalo, goats, or sheep.", "Cheese __knowledge__ During production, the milk is usually acidified, and adding the enzyme rennet causes coagulation.", "Cheese __knowledge__ The solids are separated and pressed into final form.", "Cheese __knowledge__ Some cheeses have molds on the rind, the outer layer, or throughout.", "Cheese __knowledge__ Most cheeses melt at cooking temperature.", "Cheese __knowledge__ Hundreds of types of cheese from various countries are produced.", "Cheese __knowledge__ Their styles, textures and flavors depend on the origin of the milk (including the animal's diet), whether they have been pasteurized, the butterfat content, the bacteria and mold, the processing, and aging.", "Cheeses of Mexico __knowledge__ Cheeses in Mexico have a history that begins with the Spanish conquest, as dairy products were unknown in pre-Columbian Mesoamerica.", "Cheeses of Mexico __knowledge__ The Spanish brought dairy animals, such as cattle, sheep, and goats, as well as cheesemaking techniques.", "Cheeses of Mexico __knowledge__ Over the colonial period, cheesemaking was modified to suit the mixed European and indigenous tastes of the inhabitants of New Spain, varying by region.", "Cheeses of Mexico __knowledge__ This blending and variations have given rise to a number of varieties of Mexican cheeses.", "Cheeses of Mexico __knowledge__ These are most popular in the country, although European cheeses are made, as well.", "Cheeses of Mexico __knowledge__ Almost all cheese in Mexico is made with cows’ milk, with some made from goats’ milk.", "Types of cheese __knowledge__ Types of cheese are grouped or classified according to criteria such as length of aging, texture, methods of making, fat content, animal milk, country or region of origin, etc.", "Types of cheese __knowledge__ The method most commonly and traditionally used is based on moisture content, which is then further narrowed down by fat content and curing or ripening methods.", "Types of cheese __knowledge__ The criteria may either be used singly or in combination, with no single method being universally used.", "Types of cheese __knowledge__ The combination of types produces around 500 different varieties recognized by the International Dairy Federation, over 400 identified by Walter and Hargrove, over 500 by Burkhalter, and over 1,000 by Sandine and Elliker.", "Beecher's Handmade Cheese __knowledge__ Beecher's Handmade Cheese is an artisan cheesemaker and retail shop with locations in the Pike Place Market, Seattle, Washington and New York City's Flatiron District.", "Beecher's Handmade Cheese __knowledge__ The company was founded by Kurt Beecher Dammeier in 2003 and opened in the Pike Place Market after Dammeier obtained a difficult to obtain storefront lease in the Market.", "Beecher's Handmade Cheese __knowledge__ Because Dammeier had never been a cheesemaker, he sought out the assistance of Brad Sinko, who helped run a family cheese-making business in Oregon.", "Beecher's Handmade Cheese __knowledge__ A second location was opened in 2011 in the Flatiron neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City.", "Beecher's Handmade Cheese __knowledge__ Unlike most artisan cheese makers, Beecher's mainly uses pasteurized milk and operates a high-volume modern production facility, with multiple farms supplying milk.", "Cheese ripening __knowledge__ Cheese ripening, alternatively cheese maturation or affinage, is a process in cheesemaking.", "Cheese ripening __knowledge__ It is responsible for the distinct flavour of cheese, and through the modification of \"\"ripening agents\"\", determines the features that define many different varieties of cheeses, such as taste, texture, and body.", "Cheese ripening __knowledge__ The process is \"characterized by a series of complex physical, chemical and microbiological changes\" that incorporates the agents of: \"bacteria and enzymes of the milk, lactic culture, rennet, lipases, added moulds or yeasts, and environmental contaminants.\"", "Cheese ripening __knowledge__ The majority of cheese is ripened, save for .", "Cheesemaking __knowledge__ Cheesemaking (or \"caseiculture\") is the craft of making cheese, which dates back at least 5,000 years.", "Cheesemaking __knowledge__ Archaeological evidence exists of Egyptian cheese being made in the ancient Egyptian civilizations.", "Cheesemaking __knowledge__ The production of cheese, like many other food preservation processes, allows the nutritional and economic value of a food material, in this case milk, to be preserved.", "Cheesemaking __knowledge__ It allows the consumer to choose (within limits) when to consume the food rather than have to consume it straight away, and it allows the product to be altered which gives it higher value.", "Cheesemaking __knowledge__ There are many theories about the origins of cheese.", "Castello cheeses __knowledge__ Castello is a brand of cheeses produced by Arla Foods amba, an agricultural marketing cooperative based in Denmark.", "Castello cheeses __knowledge__ Worldwide, a variety of cheeses are marketed under the Castello name, including semi-soft cheeses, semi-hard cheeses, blue cheeses, and cream cheeses.", "Castello cheeses __knowledge__ For the European market, Castello markets soft ripened cheeses called Golden and White; Organic Brie; semi-hard cheeses Herrgård and Prast; blue cheeses Black, Creamy Blue, Danablu, Danablu Gold, Organic Blue, Organic Mild; and a line of cream cheeses.", "Castello cheeses __knowledge__ For the North American market, Castello markets a camembert, a brie, and several varieties of blue cheese, named Noble Blue Cheese, Extra Danish Creamy Blue (also available sliced), Soft Blue, and Crumbled Blue Cheese.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ Mexican cuisine began 9,000 years ago, 7,000 BCE, when agricultural communities such as the Maya formed, domesticating maize, creating the standard process of corn nixtamalization, and establishing their foodways.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ Successive waves of other Mesoamerican groups, including the Olmec, Teotihuacanos, Toltec, Huastec, Zapotec, Mixtec, Otomi, and Purépecha, brought with them their own cooking methods.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ The Mexica establishment of the Aztec Empire created a multi-ethnic society where many different foodways became infused.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ The staples are native foods, such as corn, beans, squash, amaranth, chia, avocados, tomatoes, tomatillos, chocolate, vanilla, agave, turkey, sweet potato, cactus, and chili pepper.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Midwestern cuisine is a regional cuisine of the American Midwest.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ It draws its culinary roots most significantly from the cuisines of Central, Northern and Eastern Europe, and Native North America, and is influenced by regionally and locally grown foodstuffs and cultural diversity.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Everyday Midwestern home cooking generally showcases simple and hearty dishes that make use of the abundance of locally grown foods.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Its culinary profiles may seem synonymous with \"American food.\"", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Quoted in a 2007 interview with the \"Daily Herald\", Chef Stephen Langlois, a pioneer in the Midwestern local food movement, described it: \"Think of Thanksgiving dinner.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ Ancient Israelite cuisine refers to the food eaten by the ancient Israelites during a period of over a thousand years, from the beginning of the Israelite presence in the Land of Israel at the beginning of the Iron Age until the Roman period.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ The dietary staples were bread, wine and olive oil, but also included legumes, fruits and vegetables, dairy products, fish and meat.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ Religious beliefs, which prohibited the consumption of certain foods, shaped the Israelite diet.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ There was considerable continuity in the main components of the diet over time, despite the introduction of new foodstuffs at various stages." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "French cuisine __knowledge__ French cuisine consists of the cooking traditions and practices from France.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ In the 14th century Guillaume Tirel, a court chef known as \"Taillevent\", wrote \"Le Viandier\", one of the earliest recipe collections of medieval France.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ During that time, French cuisine was heavily influenced by Italian cuisine.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ In the 17th century, chefs François Pierre La Varenne and Marie-Antoine Carême spearheaded movements that shifted French cooking away from its foreign influences and developed France's own indigenous style.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ Cheese and wine are a major part of the cuisine.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ They play different roles regionally and nationally, with many variations and \"appellation d'origine contrôlée\" (AOC) (regulated appellation) laws.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ French cuisine was codified in the 20th century by Auguste Escoffier to become the modern haute cuisine; Escoffier, however, left out much of the local culinary character to be found in the regions of France and was considered difficult to execute by home cooks.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ Gastro-tourism and the \"Guide Michelin\" helped to acquaint people with the rich bourgeois and peasant cuisine of the French countryside starting in the 20th century.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ Gascon cuisine has also had great influence over the cuisine in the southwest of France.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Parmigiano-Reggiano __knowledge__ Parmigiano-Reggiano (; ), or Parmesan cheese, is a hard, granular cheese.", "Parmigiano-Reggiano __knowledge__ The name \"Parmesan\" is often used generically for various simulations of this cheese, although this is prohibited in trading in the European Economic Area under European law.", "Parmigiano-Reggiano __knowledge__ It is named after the producing areas, which comprise the provinces of Parma, Reggio Emilia, Bologna (only the area to the west of the river Reno), Modena (all in Emilia-Romagna), and Mantua (in Lombardy, but only the area to the south of river Po), Italy.", "Parmigiano-Reggiano __knowledge__ Under Italian law, only cheese produced in these provinces may be labelled \"Parmigiano-Reggiano\", and European law classifies the name, as well as the translation \"Parmesan\", as a protected designation of origin.", "Chardonnay __knowledge__ Chardonnay () is a green-skinned grape variety used in the production of white wine.", "Chardonnay __knowledge__ The variety originated in the Burgundy wine region of eastern France, but is now grown wherever wine is produced, from England to New Zealand.", "Chardonnay __knowledge__ It is also used in Italy to produce sparkling wines like Franciacorta for example.", "Chardonnay __knowledge__ For new and developing wine regions, growing Chardonnay is seen as a \"rite of passage\" and an easy entry into the international wine market.", "Chardonnay __knowledge__ The Chardonnay grape itself is very neutral, with many of the flavors commonly associated with the grape being derived from such influences as \"terroir\" and oak.", "Edmund P. Joyce Center __knowledge__ The Edmund P. Joyce Athletic & Convocation Center, often called the Joyce Center, formerly the Athletic & Convocation Center, is a 9,149-seat multi-purpose arena in Notre Dame, Indiana just north of South Bend.", "Edmund P. Joyce Center __knowledge__ The arena opened in 1968.", "Edmund P. Joyce Center __knowledge__ It is home to the University of Notre Dame Fighting Irish basketball and volleyball teams.", "Edmund P. Joyce Center __knowledge__ The main arena, Phillip J. Purcell Pavilion, is located in the southern portion of the facility.", "Edmund P. Joyce Center __knowledge__ The northern portion housed a hockey rink until October 2011.", "Edmund P. Joyce Center __knowledge__ It also houses the Rolfs Aquatic Center (which was added on in 1985) in the rear of the building.", "Edmund P. Joyce Center __knowledge__ It is located across a pedestrian arcade from Notre Dame Stadium, and the center's two domes could easily be seen rising above the stadium's east side prior to its expansion.", "Cheese __knowledge__ Cheese is a food derived from milk that is produced in a wide range of flavors, textures, and forms by coagulation of the milk protein casein.", "Cheese __knowledge__ It comprises proteins and fat from milk, usually the milk of cows, buffalo, goats, or sheep.", "Cheese __knowledge__ During production, the milk is usually acidified, and adding the enzyme rennet causes coagulation.", "Cheese __knowledge__ The solids are separated and pressed into final form.", "Cheese __knowledge__ Some cheeses have molds on the rind, the outer layer, or throughout.", "Cheese __knowledge__ Most cheeses melt at cooking temperature.", "Cheese __knowledge__ Hundreds of types of cheese from various countries are produced.", "Cheese __knowledge__ Their styles, textures and flavors depend on the origin of the milk (including the animal's diet), whether they have been pasteurized, the butterfat content, the bacteria and mold, the processing, and aging.", "Notre Dame Fighting Irish men's ice hockey __knowledge__ The Notre Dame Fighting Irish men's ice hockey team is the college ice hockey team at the University of Notre Dame, competing at the NCAA Division I level and is an associate member of the Big Ten Conference.", "Notre Dame Fighting Irish men's ice hockey __knowledge__ Prior to the 2013–14 season, the team competed in the Central Collegiate Hockey Association, and also won its last ever conference championship.", "Notre Dame Fighting Irish men's ice hockey __knowledge__ In the 2013–2014 season, the team began to play in the Hockey East conference, where it played until the conclusion of the 2016-2017 season.", "Notre Dame Fighting Irish men's ice hockey __knowledge__ Beginning in the 2017–2018 season, the team joined the Big Ten Conference.", "Notre Dame Fighting Irish men's ice hockey __knowledge__ The head coach is Jeff Jackson; the assistant coaches are Paul Pooley, Andy Slaggert, and Kevin Lind.", "Pocky __knowledge__ The original was followed by almond coatings in 1971, and strawberry coatings in 1977.", "Pocky __knowledge__ Today, the product line includes variations as milk, mousse, green tea, honey, banana, cookies and cream, and coconut flavored coatings, and themed products such as \"Decorer Pocky\", with colorful decorative stripes in the coating, and \"Men's Pocky\", a dark (bittersweet) chocolate and \"mature\" version.", "Pocky __knowledge__ Pocky is a very popular treat in Japan, especially among teenagers.", "Pocky __knowledge__ In bars, it is sometimes served with a glass of ice water or milk In Europe Pocky is produced under license by Mondelēz International and sold under the name \"Mikado\" in Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Luxembourg, Spain, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and Greece.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Culture of France __knowledge__ Culture plays an important role in the development of all countries.", "Culture of France __knowledge__ The culture of France and of the French people has been shaped by geography, by profound historical events, and by foreign and internal forces and groups.", "Culture of France __knowledge__ France, and in particular Paris, has played an important role as a center of high culture since the 17th century, first in Europe, and from the 19th century on, worldwide.", "Culture of France __knowledge__ From the late 19th century, France has also played an important role in cinema, fashion, cuisine, literature, technology, science and mathematics.", "Culture of France __knowledge__ The importance of French culture has waxed and waned over the centuries, depending on its economic, political and military importance.", "Italy __knowledge__ Italy ( ; ), officially the Italian Republic (), is a unitary parliamentary republic in Europe.", "Italy __knowledge__ Located in the heart of the Mediterranean Sea, Italy shares open land borders with France, Switzerland, Austria, Slovenia, San Marino and Vatican City.", "Italy __knowledge__ Italy covers an area of and has a largely temperate seasonal and Mediterranean climate.", "Italy __knowledge__ With around 61 million inhabitants it is the fourth most populous EU member state.", "Italy __knowledge__ Since classical times, ancient Phoenicians, Carthaginians and Greeks established settlements in the south of Italy, with Etruscans and Celts inhabiting the centre and the north of Italy respectively and various ancient Italian tribes and Italic peoples dispersed throughout the Italian Peninsula and insular Italy.", "Latin American cuisine __knowledge__ Latin American cuisine is the typical foods, beverages, and cooking styles common to many of the countries and cultures in Latin America.", "Latin American cuisine __knowledge__ Latin America is a highly diverse area of land that holds various cuisines that vary from nation to nation.", "Latin American cuisine __knowledge__ Some items typical of Latin American cuisine include maize-based dishes arepas, pupusas, tacos, tamales, tortillas and various salsas and other condiments (guacamole, pico de gallo, mole, chimichurri, chili, aji, pebre).", "Latin American cuisine __knowledge__ These spices are generally what give the Latin American cuisines a distinct flavor; yet, each country of Latin America tends to use a different spice and those that share spices tend to use them at different quantities.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine comprises a wide variety of regional and traditional cuisines native to the Indian subcontinent.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Given the range of diversity in soil type, climate, culture, ethnic groups, and occupations, these cuisines vary substantially from each other and use locally available spices, herbs, vegetables, and fruits.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian food is also heavily influenced by religion, in particular Hindu, and cultural choices and traditions.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Also, Middle Eastern and Central Asian influences have occurred on North Indian cuisine from the years of Mughal rule.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine is still evolving, as a result of the nation's cultural interactions with other societies.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesian cuisine is one of the most vibrant and colourful cuisines in the world, full of intense flavour.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ It is eclectic and diverse, in part because Indonesia is composed of approximately 6,000 populated islands of the total 17,508 in the world's largest archipelago, with more than 300 ethnic groups calling Indonesia home.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Many regional cuisines exist, often based upon indigenous culture and foreign influences.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia has around 5,350 traditional recipes, with 30 of them considered the most important.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia's cuisine may include rice, noodle and soup dishes in modest local eateries to street-side snacks and top-dollar plates." ] ]

[ 1, 5, 49, 53 ]

[ "I really enjoy cooking. Especially cooking in the traditions and practices from France", "Part of the reason I love French Food is the cheese. Cheese and wine is a major part of the cuisine", "Another good cuisine is Italian, and they are known for regional diversity", "Italian food has been a major influencer of food in the United States" ]

[ "French cuisine", "French cuisine", "French cuisine", "French cuisine" ]

[ "Blue", "I love the color blue also. It is found in so many forms of nature.", "What colors form the mixtures that comprise blue? This is very interesting.", "What exactly does it mean to have a dominant wavelength in regards to how the eyes perceive colors?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue is one of the three primary colours of pigments in painting and traditional colour theory, as well as in the RGB colour model.", "Blue __knowledge__ It lies between violet and green on the spectrum of visible light.", "Blue __knowledge__ The eye perceives blue when observing light with a dominant wavelength between approximately 450 and 495 nanometres.", "Blue __knowledge__ Most blues contain a slight mixture of other colors; azure contains some green, while ultramarine contains some violet.", "Blue __knowledge__ The clear daytime sky and the deep sea appear blue because of an optical effect known as Rayleigh scattering.", "Blue __knowledge__ An optical effect called Tyndall scattering explains blue eyes.", "Blue __knowledge__ Distant objects appear more blue because of another optical effect called atmospheric perspective.", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue has been an important colour in art and decoration since ancient times.", "Blue __knowledge__ The semi-precious stone lapis lazuli was used in ancient Egypt for jewellery and ornament and later, in The Renaissance, to make the pigment ultramarine, the most expensive of all pigments.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the eighth century Chinese artists used cobalt blue to colour fine blue and white porcelain.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the Middle Ages, European artists used it in the windows of Cathedrals.", "Blue __knowledge__ Europeans wore clothing coloured with the vegetable dye woad until it was replaced by the finer indigo from America." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue is one of the three primary colours of pigments in painting and traditional colour theory, as well as in the RGB colour model.", "Blue __knowledge__ It lies between violet and green on the spectrum of visible light.", "Blue __knowledge__ The eye perceives blue when observing light with a dominant wavelength between approximately 450 and 495 nanometres.", "Blue __knowledge__ Most blues contain a slight mixture of other colors; azure contains some green, while ultramarine contains some violet.", "Blue __knowledge__ The clear daytime sky and the deep sea appear blue because of an optical effect known as Rayleigh scattering.", "Blue __knowledge__ An optical effect called Tyndall scattering explains blue eyes.", "Blue __knowledge__ Distant objects appear more blue because of another optical effect called atmospheric perspective.", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue has been an important colour in art and decoration since ancient times.", "Blue __knowledge__ The semi-precious stone lapis lazuli was used in ancient Egypt for jewellery and ornament and later, in The Renaissance, to make the pigment ultramarine, the most expensive of all pigments.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the eighth century Chinese artists used cobalt blue to colour fine blue and white porcelain.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the Middle Ages, European artists used it in the windows of Cathedrals.", "Blue __knowledge__ Europeans wore clothing coloured with the vegetable dye woad until it was replaced by the finer indigo from America.", "Red states and blue states __knowledge__ Since the 2000 United States presidential election, red states and blue states have referred to states of the United States whose voters predominantly choose either the Republican Party (red) or Democratic Party (blue) presidential candidates.", "Red states and blue states __knowledge__ Since then, the use of the term has been expanded to differentiate between states being perceived as liberal and those perceived as conservative.", "Red states and blue states __knowledge__ Examining patterns within states reveals that the reversal has happened at the state level but is more complicated locally, with urban/rural divides associated with many of the largest changes.", "Red states and blue states __knowledge__ All states contain both liberal and conservative voters (i.e., are \"purple\") and only appear red/blue on the electoral map because of the winner-take-all system used by most states in the Electoral College.", "Shades of blue __knowledge__ Varieties of the color blue may differ in hue, chroma (also called saturation, intensity, or colorfulness), or lightness (or value, tone, or brightness), or in two or three of these qualities.", "Shades of blue __knowledge__ Variations in value are also called tints and shades, a tint being a blue or other hue mixed with white, a shade being mixed with black.", "Shades of blue __knowledge__ A large selection of these various colors is shown below.", "Shades of blue __knowledge__ In this section, the term tint is used in its technical sense as used in color theory, meaning a blueish color mixed with white or light gray.", "Shades of blue __knowledge__ Baby blue is known as one of the pastel colors.", "Shades of blue __knowledge__ With a hue code of 199, this color is a tone of azure.", "Bluets (poetry collection) __knowledge__ Bluets is a book by the American author Maggie Nelson, published by Wave Books in 2009.", "Bluets (poetry collection) __knowledge__ The work hybridizes several prose and poetry styles and is often referred to as lyric essay or prose poetry.", "Bluets (poetry collection) __knowledge__ \"Bluets\" was written between 2003 and 2006.", "Bluets (poetry collection) __knowledge__ The book is a philosophical and personal meditation on the color blue, lost love, grief and existential solitude.", "Bluets (poetry collection) __knowledge__ The book is full of references to other writers, philosophers and artists.", "Bluets (poetry collection) __knowledge__ The title refers to the painting \"Bluets\" by the artist Joan Mitchell.", "Bluets (poetry collection) __knowledge__ \"Bluets\" is a \"formal experiment\" that contains an arrangement of 240 loosely linked prose poems to which Nelson refers to as propositions.", "Virgin Australia __knowledge__ Virgin Australia Airlines Pty Ltd, formerly Virgin Blue Airlines, is Australia's second-largest airline after Qantas and it is the largest airline by fleet size to use the 'Virgin' brand.", "Virgin Australia __knowledge__ Now based in Bowen Hills, Brisbane, the airline was co-founded by British businessman Richard Branson, the founder of parent Virgin Group and former Virgin Blue CEO Brett Godfrey.", "Virgin Australia __knowledge__ It was established in November 1999 with two aircraft operating on a single route, and suddenly found itself catapulted to the position of Australia's second airline after the collapse of Ansett Australia in September 2001.", "Virgin Australia __knowledge__ The airline has grown to directly serve 29 cities in Australia from hubs in Brisbane, Melbourne and Sydney, using a fleet of narrow-body Boeing and Embraer jets; and Airbus and Boeing widebody jets.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ The following list describes each of the characters from the popular webseries \"Red vs. Blue\", originally created by Rooster Teeth Productions.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ Colonel Sarge is the leader of the Red Team on Blood Gulch.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He is voiced by Matt Hullum, co-creator of the series, and first appeared at the end of .", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He has a Southern accent.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ Sarge is somewhat bloodthirsty, and the only Blood Gulch soldier on either team to actually be serious about war.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ It is mentioned that he has a military background and briefly joined the ODSTs.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ His preferred weapon is a shotgun, which he carries at all times.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He has a passionate disgust for Grif, demonstrated by his repeated willingness to sacrifice Grif during combat missions as well as how all of his contingency plans are to kill Grif.", "Egyptian blue __knowledge__ Egyptian blue, also known as calcium copper silicate (CaCuSiO or CaOCuO(SiO) (\"calcium copper tetrasilicate\")) or cuprorivaite, is a pigment used in ancient Egypt for thousands of years.", "Egyptian blue __knowledge__ It is considered to be the first synthetic pigment.", "Egyptian blue __knowledge__ It was known to the Romans by the name \"caeruleum\" – from which the English word cerulean derives.", "Egyptian blue __knowledge__ After the Roman era, Egyptian blue fell from use and the manner of its creation was forgotten.", "Egyptian blue __knowledge__ The ancient Egyptian word \"wadjet\" signifies blue, blue-green, and green.", "Egyptian blue __knowledge__ The first recorded use of 'Egyptian blue' as a color name in English was in 1809.", "Egyptian blue __knowledge__ Egyptian blue is a synthetic blue pigment made up of a mixture of silica, lime, copper, and an alkali.", "Red __knowledge__ Red is the colour at the end of the visible spectrum of light, next to orange and opposite violet.", "Red __knowledge__ It has a dominant wavelength of approximately 625–740 nanometres.", "Red __knowledge__ It is a primary color in the RGB color model and the CMYK color model, and is the complementary color of cyan.", "Red __knowledge__ Reds range from the brilliant yellow-tinged scarlet and vermillion to bluish-red crimson, and vary in shade from the pale red pink to the dark red burgundy.", "Red __knowledge__ The red sky at sunset results from Rayleigh scattering, while the red color of the Grand Canyon and other geological features is caused by hematite or red ochre, both forms of iron oxide.", "Color mixing __knowledge__ There are two types of color mixing: \"Additive\" and \"Subtractive\".", "Color mixing __knowledge__ In both cases, there are three primary colors, three secondary colors (colors made from 2 of the three primary colors in equal amounts), and one tertiary color made from all three primary colors.", "Color mixing __knowledge__ This point is a common source of confusion, as there are different sets of primary colors depending on whether you are working with additive or subtractive mixing.", "Color mixing __knowledge__ The additive mixing of colors is unintuitive as it does not correspond to the mixing of physical substances (such as paint) which would correspond to subtractive mixing.", "Color mixing __knowledge__ For instance, one can additively mix yellow and blue by shining yellow light together with blue light, which will result in not green but a white light.", "Complementary colors __knowledge__ Complementary colors are pairs of colors which, when combined, cancel each other out.", "Complementary colors __knowledge__ This means that when combined, they produce a gray-scale color like white or black.", "Complementary colors __knowledge__ When placed next to each other, they create the strongest contrast for those particular two colors.", "Complementary colors __knowledge__ Due to this striking color clash, the term opposite colors is often considered more appropriate than \"complementary colors\".", "Complementary colors __knowledge__ Which pairs of colors are considered complementary depends on the color theory one uses: On the traditional color wheel developed in the 18th century, used by Claude Monet and Vincent van Gogh and other painters, and still used by many artists today, the primary colors were considered to be red, yellow, and blue, and the primary–secondary complementary pairs are red–green (Christmas), blue-orange (Westwood), and yellow–purple (Mesa High).", "Color theory __knowledge__ In the visual arts, color theory or colour theory is a body of practical guidance to color mixing and the visual effects of a specific color combination.", "Color theory __knowledge__ There are also definitions (or categories) of colors based on the color wheel: primary color, secondary color and tertiary color.", "Color theory __knowledge__ Although color theory principles first appeared in the writings of Leone Battista Alberti (c.1435) and the notebooks of Leonardo da Vinci (c.1490), a tradition of \"colory theory\" began in the 18th century, initially within a partisan controversy over Isaac Newton's theory of color (\"Opticks\", 1704) and the nature of primary colors.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ Color psychology is the study of hues as a determinant of human behavior.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ Color influences perceptions that are not obvious, such as the taste of food.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ Colours can also enhance the effectiveness of placebos.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ For example, red or orange pills are generally used as stimulants.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ Colour can indeed influence a person; however, it is important to remember that these effects differ between people.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ Factors such as gender, age, and culture can influence how an individual perceives color.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ For instance, heterosexual men tend to report that red outfits enhance female attractiveness, while heterosexual females deny any outfit color impacting that of men.", "Primary color __knowledge__ A set of primary colors is, most tangibly, a set of \"real\" physical pigmented media or colored lights that can be combined in varying amounts to produce a \"gamut\" of colors.", "Primary color __knowledge__ This is the essential method used in applications that are intended to elicit the perception of diverse sets of color, e.g.", "Primary color __knowledge__ electronic displays, color printing, and paintings.", "Primary color __knowledge__ Perceptions associated with a given combination of primary colors are predicted by applying the appropriate mixing model (additive, subtractive, additive averaging etc.)", "Primary color __knowledge__ that embodies the underlying physics of how light interacts with the media and ultimately the retina.", "RGB color model __knowledge__ The RGB color model is an additive color model in which red, green and blue light are added together in various ways to reproduce a broad array of colors.", "RGB color model __knowledge__ The name of the model comes from the initials of the three additive primary colors, red, green, and blue.", "RGB color model __knowledge__ The main purpose of the RGB color model is for the sensing, representation and display of images in electronic systems, such as televisions and computers, though it has also been used in conventional photography.", "RGB color model __knowledge__ Before the electronic age, the RGB color model already had a solid theory behind it, based in human perception of colors.", "RGB color model __knowledge__ RGB is a \"device-dependent\" color model: different devices detect or reproduce a given RGB value differently, since the color elements (such as phosphors or dyes) and their response to the individual R, G, and B levels vary from manufacturer to manufacturer, or even in the same device over time.", "Color wheel __knowledge__ A color wheel or colour circle is an abstract illustrative organization of color hues around a circle, which shows the relationships between primary colors, secondary colors, tertiary colors etc.", "Color wheel __knowledge__ Some sources use the terms \"color wheel\" and \"color circle\" interchangeably; however, one term or the other may be more prevalent in certain fields or certain versions as mentioned above.", "Color wheel __knowledge__ For instance, some reserve the term \"color wheel\" for mechanical rotating devices, such as color tops or filter wheels.", "Color wheel __knowledge__ Others classify various color wheels as \"color disc\", \"color chart\", and \"color scale\" varieties." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue is one of the three primary colours of pigments in painting and traditional colour theory, as well as in the RGB colour model.", "Blue __knowledge__ It lies between violet and green on the spectrum of visible light.", "Blue __knowledge__ The eye perceives blue when observing light with a dominant wavelength between approximately 450 and 495 nanometres.", "Blue __knowledge__ Most blues contain a slight mixture of other colors; azure contains some green, while ultramarine contains some violet.", "Blue __knowledge__ The clear daytime sky and the deep sea appear blue because of an optical effect known as Rayleigh scattering.", "Blue __knowledge__ An optical effect called Tyndall scattering explains blue eyes.", "Blue __knowledge__ Distant objects appear more blue because of another optical effect called atmospheric perspective.", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue has been an important colour in art and decoration since ancient times.", "Blue __knowledge__ The semi-precious stone lapis lazuli was used in ancient Egypt for jewellery and ornament and later, in The Renaissance, to make the pigment ultramarine, the most expensive of all pigments.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the eighth century Chinese artists used cobalt blue to colour fine blue and white porcelain.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the Middle Ages, European artists used it in the windows of Cathedrals.", "Blue __knowledge__ Europeans wore clothing coloured with the vegetable dye woad until it was replaced by the finer indigo from America.", "Color __knowledge__ Color (American English) or colour (Commonwealth English) is the characteristic of human visual perception described through color \"categories\", with names such as red, blue, yellow, green, orange, or purple.", "Color __knowledge__ This perception of color derives from the stimulation of cone cells in the human eye by electromagnetic radiation in the spectrum of light.", "Color __knowledge__ Color categories and physical specifications of color are associated with objects through the wavelength of the light that is reflected from them.", "Color __knowledge__ This reflection is governed by the object's physical properties such as light absorption, emission spectra, etc.", "Color theory __knowledge__ In the visual arts, color theory or colour theory is a body of practical guidance to color mixing and the visual effects of a specific color combination.", "Color theory __knowledge__ There are also definitions (or categories) of colors based on the color wheel: primary color, secondary color and tertiary color.", "Color theory __knowledge__ Although color theory principles first appeared in the writings of Leone Battista Alberti (c.1435) and the notebooks of Leonardo da Vinci (c.1490), a tradition of \"colory theory\" began in the 18th century, initially within a partisan controversy over Isaac Newton's theory of color (\"Opticks\", 1704) and the nature of primary colors.", "TexSys __knowledge__ TexSys is a web-based application serving as a Texas Expert System for the selection of Hot-Mix Asphalt (HMA).", "TexSys __knowledge__ TexSys is the product of a Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) study, TxDOT Project 0-4824: Guidelines for Selecting Asphalt Mixtures.", "TexSys __knowledge__ It considers a number of factors (traffic volume and speed, desired performance characteristics, etc.)", "TexSys __knowledge__ influencing the selection of HMA and recommends an asphalt mixture based on these.", "TexSys __knowledge__ As such it is a tool for inexperienced or young engineers to assist them in selecting the right asphalt mixture for the job.", "TexSys __knowledge__ Project Survey TexSys covers the 4 major HMA types listed in the Department’s 2004 Standard Specification book.", "Zeotropic mixture __knowledge__ A zeotropic mixture, or non-azeotropic mixture, is a mixture with components that have different boiling points.", "Zeotropic mixture __knowledge__ For example, nitrogen, methane, ethane, propane, and isobutane constitute a zeotropic mixture.", "Zeotropic mixture __knowledge__ Individual substances within the mixture do not evaporate or condense at the same temperature as one substance.", "Zeotropic mixture __knowledge__ In other words, the mixture has a temperature glide, as the phase change occurs in a temperature range of about four to seven degrees Celsius, rather than at a constant temperature.", "Zeotropic mixture __knowledge__ On temperature-composition graphs, this temperature glide can be seen as the temperature difference between the bubble point and dew point.", "Cosmology in medieval Islam __knowledge__ Islamic cosmology is the cosmology of Islamic societies.", "Cosmology in medieval Islam __knowledge__ It is mainly derived from the Qur'an, Hadith, Sunnah, and current Islamic as well as other pre-Islamic sources.", "Cosmology in medieval Islam __knowledge__ The Qur'an itself mentions seven heavens.", "Cosmology in medieval Islam __knowledge__ Islamic thought categorizes the entire cosmos into two domains: the Unseen Universe (Arabic عالم الغيب, \"Aalam-ul-Ghaib\"), which is imperceptible to mankind in general, has properties unknown to us, and includes Allah, angels, Paradise, Hell, seven heavens, and \"Al-Arsh\" (the Divine Throne); and the Observable Universe (Arabic عالم الشهود, \"Alam-ul-Shahood\"), perceptible through the five senses (possibly enhanced by means of instruments).", "Color wheel __knowledge__ A color wheel or colour circle is an abstract illustrative organization of color hues around a circle, which shows the relationships between primary colors, secondary colors, tertiary colors etc.", "Color wheel __knowledge__ Some sources use the terms \"color wheel\" and \"color circle\" interchangeably; however, one term or the other may be more prevalent in certain fields or certain versions as mentioned above.", "Color wheel __knowledge__ For instance, some reserve the term \"color wheel\" for mechanical rotating devices, such as color tops or filter wheels.", "Color wheel __knowledge__ Others classify various color wheels as \"color disc\", \"color chart\", and \"color scale\" varieties.", "Flag of the United States __knowledge__ The flag of the United States of America, often referred to as the American flag, is the national flag of the United States.", "Flag of the United States __knowledge__ It consists of thirteen equal horizontal stripes of red (top and bottom) alternating with white, with a blue rectangle in the canton (referred to specifically as the \"union\") bearing fifty small, white, five-pointed stars arranged in nine offset horizontal rows, where rows of six stars (top and bottom) alternate with rows of five stars.", "Flag of the United States __knowledge__ The 50 stars on the flag represent the 50 states of the United States of America, and the 13 stripes represent the thirteen British colonies that declared independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain, and became the first states in the U.S. Nicknames for the flag include The Stars and Stripes, Old Glory, and The Star-Spangled Banner.", "Blue–green distinction in language __knowledge__ Many languages do not distinguish between what in English are described as \"blue\" and \"green\" and instead use a cover term spanning both.", "Blue–green distinction in language __knowledge__ To describe this English lexical gap, linguists use the portmanteau word \"grue\", from \"green\" and \"blue\", which the philosopher Nelson Goodman coined in his 1955 \"Fact, Fiction, and Forecast\" to illustrate the \"new riddle of induction\".", "Blue–green distinction in language __knowledge__ The exact definition of \"blue\" and \"green\" may be complicated by the speakers not primarily distinguishing the hue, but using terms that describe other color components such as saturation and luminosity, or other properties of the object being described.", "Characters of The Order of the Stick __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the webcomic \"The Order of the Stick\" (OOTS).", "Characters of The Order of the Stick __knowledge__ Celebrating and satirizing tabletop role-playing games and medieval fantasy, this tale of the eponymous fellowship of adventuring heroes is written and illustrated by Rich Burlew in a stick-figure style.", "Characters of The Order of the Stick __knowledge__ Taking place in a magical world that loosely operates by the rules of the 3.5 edition \"Dungeons & Dragons\" (D&D), the comic follows the sometimes-farcical exploits of six adventurers as they strive to save the world from an evil lich.", "Characters of The Order of the Stick __knowledge__ Much of the comic's humor stems from these characters either being aware of the game rules that affect their lives or having anachronistic knowledge of modern culture, which in turn is often used by the author to parody various aspects of role-playing games and fantasy fiction.", "Azure (color) __knowledge__ Azure ( ) is a variation of blue that is often described as the color of the sky on a clear day.", "Azure (color) __knowledge__ On the , \"azure\" (color #007FFF) is defined as the color at 210 degrees, i.e., the hue halfway between blue and cyan.", "Azure (color) __knowledge__ In the RGB color model, used to create all the colors on a television or computer screen, azure is created by adding a little green light to blue light.", "Azure (color) __knowledge__ The complementary color of azure is orange.", "Azure (color) __knowledge__ In the X11 color system which became a standard for early web colors, azure is depicted as a pale cyan.", "Azure (color) __knowledge__ The color azure ultimately takes its name from the intense blue mineral lapis lazuli. '", "Thirteen Cents __knowledge__ Thirteen Cents is the debut novel of South African author K. Sello Duiker.", "Thirteen Cents __knowledge__ It was published in 2000 to critical acclaim and immediate success in South Africa and abroad, winning the 2002 Commonwealth Writers Prize for Best First Book, Africa.", "Thirteen Cents __knowledge__ The first edition of \"Thirteen Cents\" outside South Africa was published by Ohio University Press in 2013 as part of the Modern African Writing series with an introduction by Professor Shaun Viljoen.", "Thirteen Cents __knowledge__ The novel is set in post-apartheid South Africa and depicts the brutal reality of South African street children.", "Thirteen Cents __knowledge__ As a crime novel and bildungsroman, it follows the twelve-year-old orphan Azure and his efforts to survive on the streets of Cape Town amidst an underworld of gangsters, drug use, violence, and prostitution.", "The Order of the Stick __knowledge__ The Order of the Stick (OOTS) is a comedic webcomic that satirizes tabletop role-playing games and medieval fantasy.", "The Order of the Stick __knowledge__ The comic is written and drawn by Rich Burlew, who illustrates the comic in a stick figure style.", "The Order of the Stick __knowledge__ Taking place in a magical world that loosely operates by the rules of the 3.5 edition of the role-playing game \"Dungeons and Dragons\" (\"D&D\"), the comic follows the sometimes farcical exploits of six adventurers as they strive to save the world from an evil lich sorcerer.", "The Order of the Stick __knowledge__ Much of the comic's humor stems from the characters' awareness of the game rules that affect their lives or from having anachronistic knowledge of modern culture." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue is one of the three primary colours of pigments in painting and traditional colour theory, as well as in the RGB colour model.", "Blue __knowledge__ It lies between violet and green on the spectrum of visible light.", "Blue __knowledge__ The eye perceives blue when observing light with a dominant wavelength between approximately 450 and 495 nanometres.", "Blue __knowledge__ Most blues contain a slight mixture of other colors; azure contains some green, while ultramarine contains some violet.", "Blue __knowledge__ The clear daytime sky and the deep sea appear blue because of an optical effect known as Rayleigh scattering.", "Blue __knowledge__ An optical effect called Tyndall scattering explains blue eyes.", "Blue __knowledge__ Distant objects appear more blue because of another optical effect called atmospheric perspective.", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue has been an important colour in art and decoration since ancient times.", "Blue __knowledge__ The semi-precious stone lapis lazuli was used in ancient Egypt for jewellery and ornament and later, in The Renaissance, to make the pigment ultramarine, the most expensive of all pigments.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the eighth century Chinese artists used cobalt blue to colour fine blue and white porcelain.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the Middle Ages, European artists used it in the windows of Cathedrals.", "Blue __knowledge__ Europeans wore clothing coloured with the vegetable dye woad until it was replaced by the finer indigo from America.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Color blindness, also known as color vision deficiency, is the decreased ability to see color or differences in color.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Color blindness can make some educational activities difficult.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Buying fruit, picking clothing, and reading traffic lights can be more challenging, for example.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Problems, however, are generally minor and most people adapt.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ People with total color blindness, however, may also have decreased visual acuity and be uncomfortable in bright environments.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ The most common cause of color blindness is an inherited fault in the development of one or more of the three sets of color sensing cones in the eye.", "Color __knowledge__ Color (American English) or colour (Commonwealth English) is the characteristic of human visual perception described through color \"categories\", with names such as red, blue, yellow, green, orange, or purple.", "Color __knowledge__ This perception of color derives from the stimulation of cone cells in the human eye by electromagnetic radiation in the spectrum of light.", "Color __knowledge__ Color categories and physical specifications of color are associated with objects through the wavelength of the light that is reflected from them.", "Color __knowledge__ This reflection is governed by the object's physical properties such as light absorption, emission spectra, etc.", "Dominant wavelength __knowledge__ In color science, the dominant wavelength (and the corresponding complementary wavelength) are ways of characterizing any light mixture in terms of the monochromatic spectral light that evokes an identical (and the corresponding opposite) perception of hue.", "Dominant wavelength __knowledge__ For a given physical light mixture, the dominant and complementary wavelengths are not entirely fixed, but vary according to the illuminating light's precise color, called the white point, due to the color constancy of vision.", "Dominant wavelength __knowledge__ On the CIE color coordinate space , a straight line drawn between the point for a given color and the point for the color of the illuminant can be extrapolated out so that it intersects the perimeter of the space in two points.", "Green __knowledge__ Green is the color between blue and yellow on the visible spectrum.", "Green __knowledge__ It is evoked by light which has a dominant wavelength of roughly 495570 nm.", "Green __knowledge__ In subtractive color systems, used in painting and color printing, it is created by a combination of yellow and blue, or yellow and cyan; in the RGB color model, used on television and computer screens, it is one of the additive primary colors, along with red and blue, which are mixed in different combinations to create all other colors.", "Green __knowledge__ By far the largest contributor to green in nature is chlorophyll, the chemical by which plants photosynthesize and convert sunlight into chemical energy.", "Chromostereopsis __knowledge__ Chromostereopsis is a visual illusion whereby the impression of depth is conveyed in two-dimensional color images, usually of red-blue or red-green colors, but can also be perceived with red-grey or blue-grey images.", "Chromostereopsis __knowledge__ Such illusions have been reported for over a century and have generally been attributed to some form of chromatic aberration.", "Chromostereopsis __knowledge__ Chromatic aberration results from the differential refraction of light depending on its wavelength, causing some light rays to converge before others in the eye (longitudinal chromatic aberration or LCA) and/or to be located on non-corresponding locations of the two eyes during binocular viewing (transverse chromatic aberration or TCA).", "Yellow __knowledge__ Yellow is the color between green and orange on the spectrum of visible light.", "Yellow __knowledge__ It is evoked by light with a dominant wavelength of roughly 570590 nm.", "Yellow __knowledge__ It is a primary color in subtractive color systems, used in painting or color printing.", "Yellow __knowledge__ In the RGB color model, used to create colors on television and computer screens, yellow is a secondary color made by combining red and green at equal intensity.", "Yellow __knowledge__ Carotenoids give the characteristic yellow color to autumn leaves, corn, canaries, daffodils, and lemons, as well as egg yolks, buttercups, and bananas.", "Yellow __knowledge__ They absorb light energy and protect plants from photodamage.", "Purple __knowledge__ Purple is a color intermediate between blue and red.", "Purple __knowledge__ It is similar to violet, but unlike violet, which is a spectral color with its own wavelength on the visible spectrum of light, purple is a composite color made by combining red and blue.", "Purple __knowledge__ According to surveys in Europe and the U.S., purple is the color most often associated with royalty, magic, mystery and piety.", "Purple __knowledge__ When combined with pink, it is associated with eroticism, femininity and seduction.", "Purple __knowledge__ Purple was the color worn by Roman magistrates; it became the imperial color worn by the rulers of the Byzantine Empire and the Holy Roman Empire, and later by Roman Catholic bishops.", "Orange (colour) __knowledge__ Orange is the colour between yellow and red on the spectrum of visible light.", "Orange (colour) __knowledge__ Human eyes perceive orange when observing light with a dominant wavelength between roughly 585 and 620 nanometres.", "Orange (colour) __knowledge__ In painting and traditional colour theory, it is a secondary colour of pigments, created by mixing red and yellow.", "Orange (colour) __knowledge__ It is named after the fruit of the same name.", "Orange (colour) __knowledge__ The orange colour of carrots, pumpkins, sweet potatoes, oranges, and many other fruits and vegetables comes from carotenes, a type of photosynthetic pigment.", "Orange (colour) __knowledge__ These pigments convert the light energy that the plants absorb from the sun into chemical energy for the plants' growth." ] ]

[ 1, 4, 3, 5 ]

[ "Blue is my favorite color. It is one of the three primary colors.", "Yes, most blues contain a slight mixture of colors. Azure contains some green.", "The eye perceives blue when observing light with a dominant wavelength.", "Well, the clear daytime sky and deep sea appear blue because of an optical effect." ]

[ "Blue", "Blue", "Blue", "Blue" ]

[ "Social anxiety disorder", "That must be difficult. Have you sought any kind of help for it?", "Do you have close friends that you can rely on to run interference if/when you decide to go out?", "What forms of self-expression do you like? Do you write or paint or code? That can be such a great way to connect to yourself and others. (Not trying to fix anything, just an observation!)" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Social anxiety disorder (SAD), also known as social phobia, is an anxiety disorder characterized by a significant amount of fear in one or more social situations, causing considerable distress and impaired ability to function in at least some parts of daily life.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ These fears can be triggered by perceived or actual scrutiny from others.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Physical symptoms often include excessive blushing, excess sweating, trembling, palpitations, and nausea.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Stammering may be present, along with rapid speech.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Panic attacks can also occur under intense fear and discomfort.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Some sufferers may use alcohol or other drugs to reduce fears and inhibitions at social events.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ It is common for sufferers of social phobia to self-medicate in this fashion, especially if they are undiagnosed, untreated, or both; this can lead to alcoholism, eating disorders or other kinds of substance abuse.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ SAD is sometimes referred to as an \"illness of lost opportunities\" where \"individuals make major life choices to accommodate their illness\".", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ According to ICD-10 guidelines, the main diagnostic criteria of social phobia are fear of being the focus of attention, or fear of behaving in a way that will be embarrassing or humiliating, avoidance and anxiety symptoms." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Social anxiety disorder (SAD), also known as social phobia, is an anxiety disorder characterized by a significant amount of fear in one or more social situations, causing considerable distress and impaired ability to function in at least some parts of daily life.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ These fears can be triggered by perceived or actual scrutiny from others.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Physical symptoms often include excessive blushing, excess sweating, trembling, palpitations, and nausea.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Stammering may be present, along with rapid speech.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Panic attacks can also occur under intense fear and discomfort.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Some sufferers may use alcohol or other drugs to reduce fears and inhibitions at social events.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ It is common for sufferers of social phobia to self-medicate in this fashion, especially if they are undiagnosed, untreated, or both; this can lead to alcoholism, eating disorders or other kinds of substance abuse.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ SAD is sometimes referred to as an \"illness of lost opportunities\" where \"individuals make major life choices to accommodate their illness\".", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ According to ICD-10 guidelines, the main diagnostic criteria of social phobia are fear of being the focus of attention, or fear of behaving in a way that will be embarrassing or humiliating, avoidance and anxiety symptoms.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ South African labour law regulates the relationship between employers, employees and trade unions in the Republic of South Africa.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ The Native Labour Regulations Act 1911 prohibited strikes by trade unions, introduced wage ceilings and a pass system for moving around jobs.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Over 70,000 Chinese labourers were brought in, and used by landowners to undercut the wages of other workers.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Among white workers, there was significant unrest, and major strikes took place in 1907, 1913, 1914 and 1922 For a period of sixteen years, from 1979 to 1995, several critical developments occurred in the field of labour law in South Africa, beginning with a radical change in the first of these years, when a significant Commission of Enquiry was held, resulting in the establishment of an Industrial Court, which was given extensive powers to mould, change, shape and develop the law.", "List of Merlin characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters in the BBC fantasy drama television series \"Merlin\", including supporting characters.", "List of Merlin characters __knowledge__ \"Note: All characters are listed in alphabetical order by their first name.\"", "List of Merlin characters __knowledge__ Aglain (portrayed by Colin Salmon) was a Druid man who lived in the Forest of Acestir.", "List of Merlin characters __knowledge__ In the second-season episode, \"The Nightmare Begins\", he, with the assistance of Mordred, rescued Morgana from a group of serkets, and later healed the injury she sustained from one of the creatures.", "List of Merlin characters __knowledge__ While she resided with him and his fellow Druids, Aglain encouraged Morgana not to fear herself and her emerging abilities, telling her that magic was not evil and not something Uther should hate.", "Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State __knowledge__ Hillary Clinton served as the 67th United States Secretary of State, under President Barack Obama, from 2009 to 2013, overseeing the department that conducted the Foreign policy of Barack Obama.", "Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State __knowledge__ She was preceded in office by Condoleezza Rice, and succeeded by John Kerry.", "Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State __knowledge__ She is also the only former First Lady of the United States to become a member of the United States Cabinet.", "Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State __knowledge__ Within a week after the November 4, 2008, presidential election, President-elect Obama and Clinton discussed over telephone the possibility of her serving as U.S. Secretary of State in his administration.", "Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State __knowledge__ Clinton later related, \"He said I want you to be my secretary of state.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Hillary Clinton, the nominee of the Democratic Party for president of the United States in 2016, has taken positions on political issues while serving as First Lady of Arkansas (1979–81; 1983–92), First Lady of the United States (1993–2001); as U.S.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Senator from New York (2001–2009); and serving as the United States Secretary of State (2009–2013).", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In accordance with longstanding custom, during her time as Secretary of State she largely avoided taking stances on most domestic political issues.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In 2015, she announced her candidacy for the presidency.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Clinton won the Democratic primaries and formally became the party's nominee at the 2016 Democratic National Convention.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ South African criminal law is the body of national law relating to crime in South Africa.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ In the definition of Van der Walt \"et al\", a crime is \"conduct which common or statute law prohibits and expressly or impliedly subjects to punishment remissible by the state alone and which the offender cannot avoid by his own act once he has been convicted.\"", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ Crime involves the infliction of harm against society.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ The function or object of criminal law is to provide a social mechanism with which to coerce members of society to abstain from conduct that is harmful to the interests of society.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ In South Africa, as in most adversarial legal systems, the standard of evidence required to validate a criminal conviction is proof beyond a reasonable doubt.", "Political positions of Mitt Romney __knowledge__ The political positions of Mitt Romney have been recorded from his 1994 U.S. senatorial campaign, the 2002 gubernatorial election, during his 2003–2007 governorship, during his 2008 U.S. presidential campaign, in his 2010 book \"\", and during his 2012 U.S. presidential campaign.", "Political positions of Mitt Romney __knowledge__ Some of these political positions have changed, while others have remained unchanged.", "Political positions of Mitt Romney __knowledge__ In his 1994 Senate campaign, Romney called for the \"virtual elimination\" of the federal Department of Agriculture and for reductions in farm subsidies.", "Political positions of Mitt Romney __knowledge__ In 2007, when questioned about these views, a Romney for President Iowa campaign spokesman responded: \"Governor Romney believes that investing in agriculture is key to our economy and families.\"", "Roman conquest of Hispania __knowledge__ The Roman conquest of Hispania was a process by which the Roman Republic seized the Carthaginian territories in the south and east in 206 BC (during the Second Punic War) and then gradually extended control over most of the Iberian Peninsula without annexations.", "Roman conquest of Hispania __knowledge__ It was completed after the fall of the Republic (27 BC), by Augustus, the first Roman emperor, who annexed the whole of Hispania to the Roman Empire in 19 BC.", "Roman conquest of Hispania __knowledge__ Hispania was the Roman name for the Iberian Peninsula.", "Roman conquest of Hispania __knowledge__ The peninsula had various ethnic groups and a large number of tribes.", "Roman conquest of Hispania __knowledge__ This process started with the Roman acquisition of the former Carthaginian territories in southern Hispania and along the east coast as a result of defeating the Carthaginians (206 BC) during the Second Punic War (218–201 BC), leading to them leaving the peninsula.", "Social inhibition __knowledge__ Social inhibition is a conscious or subconscious avoidance of a situation or social interaction.", "Social inhibition __knowledge__ With a high level of social inhibition, situations are avoided because of the possibility of others disapproving of their feelings or expressions.", "Social inhibition __knowledge__ Social inhibition is related to behavior, appearance, social interactions, or a subject matter for discussion.", "Social inhibition __knowledge__ Related processes that deal with social inhibition are social evaluation concerns, anxiety in social interaction, social avoidance, and withdrawal.", "Social inhibition __knowledge__ Also related are components such as cognitive brain patterns, anxious apprehension during social interactions, and internalizing problems.", "Anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Anxiety disorders are a group of mental disorders characterized by significant feelings of anxiety and fear.", "Anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Anxiety is a worry about future events and fear is a reaction to current events.", "Anxiety disorder __knowledge__ These feelings may cause physical symptoms, such as a fast heart rate and shakiness.", "Anxiety disorder __knowledge__ There are a number of anxiety disorders: including generalized anxiety disorder, specific phobia, social anxiety disorder, separation anxiety disorder, agoraphobia, panic disorder, and selective mutism.", "Anxiety disorder __knowledge__ The disorder differs by what results in the symptoms.", "Anxiety disorder __knowledge__ People often have more than one anxiety disorder.", "Anxiety disorder __knowledge__ The cause of anxiety disorders is a combination of genetic and environmental factors.", "Social anxiety __knowledge__ Social anxiety can be defined as nervousness in social situations.", "Social anxiety __knowledge__ Some disorders associated with the social anxiety spectrum include anxiety disorders, mood disorders, autism, eating disorders, and substance use disorders.", "Social anxiety __knowledge__ Individuals higher in social anxiety avert their gazes, show fewer facial expressions, and show difficulty with initiating and maintaining conversation.", "Social anxiety __knowledge__ Trait social anxiety, the stable tendency to experience this nervousness, can be distinguished from state anxiety, the momentary response to a particular social stimulus.", "Social anxiety __knowledge__ Nearly 90% of individuals report feeling a form of social anxiety (i.e., shyness) at some point in their lives.", "Anxiety __knowledge__ Anxiety is an emotion characterized by an unpleasant state of inner turmoil, often accompanied by nervous behavior, such as pacing back and forth, somatic complaints, and rumination.", "Anxiety __knowledge__ It is the subjectively unpleasant feelings of dread over anticipated events, such as the feeling of imminent death.", "Anxiety __knowledge__ Anxiety is not the same as fear, which is a response to a real or perceived immediate threat, whereas anxiety is the expectation of future threat.", "Anxiety __knowledge__ Anxiety is a feeling of uneasiness and worry, usually generalized and unfocused as an overreaction to a situation that is only subjectively seen as menacing.", "Shyness __knowledge__ Shyness (also called diffidence) is the feeling of apprehension, lack of comfort, or awkwardness especially when a person is around other people.", "Shyness __knowledge__ This commonly occurs in new situations or with unfamiliar people.", "Shyness __knowledge__ Shyness can be a characteristic of people who have low self-esteem.", "Shyness __knowledge__ Stronger forms of shyness are usually referred to as social anxiety or social phobia.", "Shyness __knowledge__ The primary defining characteristic of shyness is a largely ego-driven fear of what other people will think of a person's behavior.", "Shyness __knowledge__ This results in a person becoming scared of doing or saying what they want to out of fear of negative reactions, being laughed at, humiliated or patronised, criticism or rejection.", "Effects of stress on memory __knowledge__ The effects of stress on memory include interference with a person's capacity to encode memory and the ability to retrieve information.", "Effects of stress on memory __knowledge__ During times of stress, the body reacts by secreting stress hormones into the bloodstream.", "Effects of stress on memory __knowledge__ Stress can cause acute and chronic changes in certain brain areas which can cause long-term damage.", "Effects of stress on memory __knowledge__ Over-secretion of stress hormones most frequently impairs memory, but in a few cases can enhance it.", "Effects of stress on memory __knowledge__ In particular, the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex and the amygdala are affected.", "Effects of stress on memory __knowledge__ One class of stress hormone responsible for negatively affecting memory is the glucocorticoids (GCs), the most notable of which is cortisol." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Social anxiety disorder (SAD), also known as social phobia, is an anxiety disorder characterized by a significant amount of fear in one or more social situations, causing considerable distress and impaired ability to function in at least some parts of daily life.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ These fears can be triggered by perceived or actual scrutiny from others.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Physical symptoms often include excessive blushing, excess sweating, trembling, palpitations, and nausea.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Stammering may be present, along with rapid speech.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Panic attacks can also occur under intense fear and discomfort.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Some sufferers may use alcohol or other drugs to reduce fears and inhibitions at social events.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ It is common for sufferers of social phobia to self-medicate in this fashion, especially if they are undiagnosed, untreated, or both; this can lead to alcoholism, eating disorders or other kinds of substance abuse.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ SAD is sometimes referred to as an \"illness of lost opportunities\" where \"individuals make major life choices to accommodate their illness\".", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ According to ICD-10 guidelines, the main diagnostic criteria of social phobia are fear of being the focus of attention, or fear of behaving in a way that will be embarrassing or humiliating, avoidance and anxiety symptoms.", "Salt industry in Syracuse, New York __knowledge__ The salt industry has a long history in and around Syracuse, New York.", "Salt industry in Syracuse, New York __knowledge__ Jesuit missionaries visiting the region in 1654 were the first to report salty brine springs around the southern end of \"Salt Lake,\" known today as Onondaga Lake.", "Salt industry in Syracuse, New York __knowledge__ Later, the Treaty of Fort Stanwix (1784) and designation of the area by the State of New York as the \"Onondaga Salt Springs Reservation\" provided the basis for commercial salt production from the late 18th century through the early 20th century.", "Salt industry in Syracuse, New York __knowledge__ The salt springs extended around much of Onondaga Lake, originating in the town of Salina and passing through Geddes and Liverpool to the mouth of Ninemile Creek, a distance of almost nine miles.", "The Fabulous Five (book series) __knowledge__ The Fabulous Five is an American book series by Betsy Haynes in the late 1980s.", "The Fabulous Five (book series) __knowledge__ Written mainly for preteen girls, it is a spin-off of Haynes' other series about Taffy Sinclair.", "The Fabulous Five (book series) __knowledge__ It centers on five best friends; Jana Morgan, Melanie Edwards, Beth Barry, Christie Winchell,and Katie Shannon, along with their other classmates at Wakeman Junior High (fondly nicknamed 'Wacko Jr. High' by the students).", "The Fabulous Five (book series) __knowledge__ It is published by Bantam/Skylark books and enjoyed moderate success.", "The Fabulous Five (book series) __knowledge__ In the \"Taffy Sinclair\" series, the five girls, then in sixth grade, started the 'Against Taffy Sinclair Club', which served as a forum for venting about the appearance, antics, and general attitude of Taffy Sinclair, the snobbiest and most popular girl in school.", "List of One Tree Hill characters __knowledge__ One Tree Hill is an American television series created by Mark Schwahn for The WB in 2003.", "List of One Tree Hill characters __knowledge__ After its third season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which then became the broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of One Tree Hill characters __knowledge__ Schwahn served as executive producer while also writing and directing for the show, including the premieres and finales of all seasons.", "List of One Tree Hill characters __knowledge__ The show began with nine main characters in its first season.", "List of One Tree Hill characters __knowledge__ After that, characters from that first season left the show, with new main characters having been both written in and out of the series.", "List of One Tree Hill characters __knowledge__ Originally, it followed two half-brothers Lucas and Nathan Scott who started out as enemies but later formed a close bond as brothers.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Disney/Pixar's \"Toy Story\" franchise which consists of the animated films \"Toy Story\" (1995), \"Toy Story 2\" (1999), and \"Toy Story 3\" (2010) and the animated short films.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ Voiced by: Sheriff Woody Pride is a 1950s old traditional pull string cowboy doll, and Andy's favorite toy.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ Appearing in all three \"Toy Story\" films, he usually acts as the leader of the gang.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ His rivalry with Buzz forms the basis of the plot of the first film.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ In \"Toy Story 2\", he is stolen at a yard sale by a toy collector, causing the other toys to embark on a rescue mission.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ In \"Toy Story 3\" he and the other toys are shipped to a daycare center.", "List of Waterloo Road characters (series 1) __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters who first appeared in the first series of school drama \"Waterloo Road\", in order of first appearance.", "List of Waterloo Road characters (series 1) __knowledge__ The series ran for eight episodes from March 9 to April 27, 2006.", "List of Waterloo Road characters (series 1) __knowledge__ The first episode introduces the main cast, which consists of members of staff at the school.", "List of Waterloo Road characters (series 1) __knowledge__ Headed up by newly promoted Headmaster Jack Rimmer, Deputy Head Andrew Treneman and Head of Pastoral Care Kim Campbell, the main cast also includes English teachers Izzie Redpath, Tom Clarkson and Lorna Dickey and French teacher Steph Haydock.", "List of Waterloo Road characters (series 1) __knowledge__ Head of English Grantly Budgen and school secretary Estelle Cooper feature as supporting characters, along with Izzie's children Chlo and Mika and Chlo's boyfriend Donte Charles.", "List of The Originals characters __knowledge__ \"The Originals\" is an American fantasy-drama television series picked up by The CW for their fall 2013 schedule, after a backdoor pilot for the series aired as an episode of The CW television series \"The Vampire Diaries\" in April 2013.", "List of The Originals characters __knowledge__ It is a spin-off of \"The Vampire Diaries\", sharing a universe with its predecessor.", "List of The Originals characters __knowledge__ It centers on three Mikaelson siblings, Klaus (Joseph Morgan), Elijah (Daniel Gillies), and Rebekah (Claire Holt), collectively known as \"original vampires\", or simply the \"originals\".", "List of The Originals characters __knowledge__ \"The Originals\" is set in the city of New Orleans.", "List of The Originals characters __knowledge__ It was created by Julie Plec.", "List of The Originals characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of series regulars who have appeared in one or more of the series' four seasons.", "List of Gilmore Girls characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters for the comedy-drama television series \"Gilmore Girls\".", "List of Gilmore Girls characters __knowledge__ Lorelai Victoria Gilmore, played by Lauren Graham, is the only daughter of Richard and Emily Gilmore.", "List of Gilmore Girls characters __knowledge__ She is the mother of Lorelai \"Rory\" Leigh Gilmore.", "List of Gilmore Girls characters __knowledge__ She became pregnant at the age of 16 but refused to marry Christopher Hayden, Rory's father, because she felt that a marriage at such a young age would not work out.", "List of Gilmore Girls characters __knowledge__ Instead, she ran away to the town of Stars Hollow, which is half an hour away from Hartford.", "List of Gilmore Girls characters __knowledge__ In Stars Hollow, she meets Mia, the owner of the Independence Inn.", "List of Gilmore Girls characters __knowledge__ She begs Mia to hire her though she has no experience of any kind.", "Shyness __knowledge__ Shyness (also called diffidence) is the feeling of apprehension, lack of comfort, or awkwardness especially when a person is around other people.", "Shyness __knowledge__ This commonly occurs in new situations or with unfamiliar people.", "Shyness __knowledge__ Shyness can be a characteristic of people who have low self-esteem.", "Shyness __knowledge__ Stronger forms of shyness are usually referred to as social anxiety or social phobia.", "Shyness __knowledge__ The primary defining characteristic of shyness is a largely ego-driven fear of what other people will think of a person's behavior.", "Shyness __knowledge__ This results in a person becoming scared of doing or saying what they want to out of fear of negative reactions, being laughed at, humiliated or patronised, criticism or rejection.", "List of video games notable for negative reception __knowledge__ The following video games are noted for their negative reception.", "List of video games notable for negative reception __knowledge__ They include games that won ironic and humorous awards (such as Golden Mullet Awards), games that have been named to lists of the \"worst\" games published by major video gaming publications or websites, games that have received low review scores from such publications (often determined by low aggregate scores on sites such as Metacritic), and games that have been recognized to be poorly received by players.", "List of video games notable for negative reception __knowledge__ Some of the older or rarer games have gained attention more recently through videos produced by popular YouTube personalities, such as \"Angry Video Game Nerd\".", "Crown shyness __knowledge__ Crown shyness (also \"canopy disengagement\", \"canopy shyness\", or \"intercrown spacing\") is a phenomenon observed in some tree species, in which the crowns of fully stocked trees do not touch each other, forming a canopy with channel-like gaps.", "Crown shyness __knowledge__ The phenomenon is most prevalent among trees of the same species, but also occurs between trees of different species.", "Crown shyness __knowledge__ There exist many hypotheses as to why crown shyness is an adaptive behavior, and research suggests that it might inhibit spread of leaf-eating insect larvae.", "Crown shyness __knowledge__ The exact physiological basis of crown shyness is not certain.", "Crown shyness __knowledge__ The phenomenon has been discussed in scientific literature since the 1920s.", "List of Parks and Recreation characters __knowledge__ The primary characters of the American television comedy series \"Parks and Recreation\" are the employees of the parks department of Pawnee, a fictional Indiana town.", "List of Parks and Recreation characters __knowledge__ The protagonist is Leslie Knope (Amy Poehler), the deputy parks director as well as serving on city council, and the rest of the ensemble cast consists of her friends and co-workers, including nurse Ann Perkins (Rashida Jones), parks director Ron Swanson (Nick Offerman), and parks department employees Tom Haverford (Aziz Ansari), April Ludgate (Aubrey Plaza), Andy Dwyer (Chris Pratt), Jerry Gergich (Jim O'Heir), and Donna Meagle (Retta).", "Seung-Hui Cho __knowledge__ Seung-Hui Cho (in Korean, properly Cho Seung-Hui; January 18, 1984 – April 16, 2007) was a US resident of South Korean origin, a spree killer and mass murderer who killed 32 people and wounded 17 others armed with two semi-automatic pistols on April 16, 2007, at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in Blacksburg, Virginia.", "Seung-Hui Cho __knowledge__ An additional six people were injured jumping from windows to escape.", "Seung-Hui Cho __knowledge__ He was a senior-level undergraduate student at the university.", "Seung-Hui Cho __knowledge__ The shooting rampage came to be known as the Virginia Tech shooting.", "Seung-Hui Cho __knowledge__ Cho committed suicide after police breached the doors of the building where most of the shooting had taken place.", "List of Fruits Basket characters __knowledge__ The characters of \"Fruits Basket\" were created by Natsuki Takaya in the manga written and illustrated by her.", "List of Fruits Basket characters __knowledge__ The manga was serialized in 136 chapters in the monthly manga magazine \"Hana to Yume\" between January 1999 and November 2006, and collected in 23 \"tankōbon\" volumes by Hakusensha.", "List of Fruits Basket characters __knowledge__ The series was adapted as a drama CD distributed as a promotional item with an issue of \"Hana to Yume\" and as a 26-episode anime television series produced by Studio DEEN initially broadcast on TV Tokyo between July 5 and December 27, 2001.", "List of Fruits Basket characters __knowledge__ The manga is licensed in English by Chuang Yi in Singapore, Madman Entertainment in Australia and New Zealand, and Tokyopop in North America.", "Dane Cook __knowledge__ Dane Jeffrey Cook (born March 18, 1972) is an American stand-up comedian and film actor.", "Dane Cook __knowledge__ He has released five comedy albums: \"Harmful If Swallowed\"; \"Retaliation\"; \"\"; \"\"; and \"Isolated Incident\".", "Dane Cook __knowledge__ In 2006, \"Retaliation\" became the highest charting comedy album in 28 years and went platinum.", "Dane Cook __knowledge__ He performed an HBO special in the Fall of 2006, \"Vicious Circle\", a straight-to-DVD special titled \"Rough Around The Edges\" (which is included in the album of the same name), and a Comedy Central special in 2009 titled \"Isolated Incident\".", "Dane Cook __knowledge__ He is known for his use of observational, often vulgar, and sometimes dark comedy." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Social anxiety disorder (SAD), also known as social phobia, is an anxiety disorder characterized by a significant amount of fear in one or more social situations, causing considerable distress and impaired ability to function in at least some parts of daily life.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ These fears can be triggered by perceived or actual scrutiny from others.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Physical symptoms often include excessive blushing, excess sweating, trembling, palpitations, and nausea.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Stammering may be present, along with rapid speech.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Panic attacks can also occur under intense fear and discomfort.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Some sufferers may use alcohol or other drugs to reduce fears and inhibitions at social events.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ It is common for sufferers of social phobia to self-medicate in this fashion, especially if they are undiagnosed, untreated, or both; this can lead to alcoholism, eating disorders or other kinds of substance abuse.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ SAD is sometimes referred to as an \"illness of lost opportunities\" where \"individuals make major life choices to accommodate their illness\".", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ According to ICD-10 guidelines, the main diagnostic criteria of social phobia are fear of being the focus of attention, or fear of behaving in a way that will be embarrassing or humiliating, avoidance and anxiety symptoms.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The Spirit of the Age (full title \"The Spirit of the Age: Or, Contemporary Portraits\") is a collection of character sketches by the early 19th century English essayist, literary critic, and social commentator William Hazlitt, portraying 25 men, mostly British, whom he believed to represent significant trends in the thought, literature, and politics of his time.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The subjects include thinkers, social reformers, politicians, poets, essayists, and novelists, many of whom Hazlitt was personally acquainted with or had encountered.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ Originally appearing in English periodicals, mostly \"The New Monthly Magazine\" in 1824, the essays were collected with several others written for the purpose and published in book form in 1825.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The Netherlands had a considerable part in the making of modern society.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The Netherlands and its people have made numerous seminal contributions to the world's civilization, especially in art, science, technology and engineering, economics and finance, cartography and geography, exploration and navigation, law and jurisprudence, thought and philosophy, medicine, and agriculture.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ Dutch-speaking people, in spite of their relatively small number, have a significant history of invention, innovation, discovery and exploration.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The following list is composed of objects, (largely) unknown lands, breakthrough ideas/concepts, principles, phenomena, processes, methods, techniques, styles etc., that were discovered or invented (or pioneered) by people from the Netherlands and Dutch-speaking people from the former Southern Netherlands (\"Zuid-Nederlanders\" in Dutch).", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Having reformed from his violent ways, Bigby (a.k.a.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ the Big Bad Wolf) became the cigarette-smoking, trench coat-clad sheriff of Fabletown.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is extremely cunning and resourceful, in addition to being an excellent detective.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Due to Snow White's possession of a lycanthropy-stained knife, he is now a werewolf and can change between wolf form, human form and an intermediate \"wolfman\" stage at will (in \"The Great Fables Crossover\", it is revealed that Bigby's nature as one of the North Wind's sons allows him to change forms at will).", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is the son of the North Wind, and, as such, has control over the lower-tier winds, plus the \"huff and puff\" of legend.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ A Treatise of Human Nature (1738–40) is a book by Scottish philosopher David Hume, considered by many to be Hume's most important work and one of the most influential works in the history of philosophy.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ The \"Treatise\" is a classic statement of philosophical empiricism, skepticism, and naturalism.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ In the introduction Hume presents the idea of placing all science and philosophy on a novel foundation: namely, an empirical investigation into human nature.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ Impressed by Isaac Newton's achievements in the physical sciences, Hume sought to introduce the same experimental method of reasoning into the study of human psychology, with the aim of discovering the \"extent and force of human understanding\".", "History of painting __knowledge__ The history of painting reaches back in time to artifacts from pre-historic humans, and spans all cultures.", "History of painting __knowledge__ It represents a continuous, though periodically disrupted, tradition from Antiquity.", "History of painting __knowledge__ Across cultures, and spanning continents and millennia, the history of painting is an ongoing river of creativity, that continues into the 21st century.", "History of painting __knowledge__ Until the early 20th century it relied primarily on representational, religious and classical motifs, after which time more purely abstract and conceptual approaches gained favor.", "History of painting __knowledge__ Developments in Eastern painting historically parallel those in Western painting, in general, a few centuries earlier.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the characters that have appeared on \"90210\", an American teen drama.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The series introduces Annie Wilson (Shenae Grimes) and her adopted brother Dixon (Tristan Wilds), who move from Kansas to Beverly Hills with their father Harry (Rob Estes) and mother Debbie (Lori Loughlin).", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The family relocated in order to care for Harry's mother Tabitha (Jessica Walter).", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The first actor to be cast for the TV series was Dustin Milligan on April 1, 2008, followed by AnnaLynne McCord on April 14.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ Sachs found Milligan to be \"really funny\", and changed Ethan to better represent his personality.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ McCord was cast because, according to Sachs, \"she's someone who is worldly, and there's a sophistication to her that's interesting.\"", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Friday the 13th is an American horror franchise that consists of twelve slasher films, a television show, novels, and comic books.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ The main villain in the series is Jason Voorhees, who drowned at Camp Crystal Lake as a boy due to the negligence of the teenage counselors.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Decades later, the lake is rumored to be \"cursed\" and is the setting for a series of mass murders.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Jason is featured in all of the films, either as the killer or as the motivation for the killings.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Each entry in the series features a different cast of characters, including a final girl who defeats the killer in the end.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Recurring characters in the series include Jason's vengeful mother Pamela Voorhees, Alice Hardy, Tommy Jarvis and Crazy Ralph.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Elvis Aaron Presley (January 8, 1935 – August 16, 1977) was an American singer, musician, and actor.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Regarded as one of the most significant cultural icons of the 20th century, he is often referred to as the \"King of Rock and Roll\" or simply \"the King\".", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Presley was born in Tupelo, Mississippi, and relocated to Memphis, Tennessee, with his family when he was 13 years old.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ His music career began there in 1954, recording at Sun Records with producer Sam Phillips, who wanted to bring the sound of African American music to a wider audience.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Accompanied by guitarist Scotty Moore and bassist Bill Black, Presley was a pioneer of rockabilly, an uptempo, backbeat-driven fusion of country music and rhythm and blues.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Mike Hohensee __knowledge__ Michael Louis Hohensee (born February 22, 1961) is a former professional football quarterback who played in the United States Football League, Canadian Football League, National Football League and Arena Football League.", "Mike Hohensee __knowledge__ He most recently the head coach of the AFL's Portland Thunder.", "Mike Hohensee __knowledge__ He played college football at the University of Minnesota, and was in the AFL for two seasons, from 1987 to 1988.", "Mike Hohensee __knowledge__ Hohensee has been a head coach since 1990, beginning at the Washington Commandos.", "Mike Hohensee __knowledge__ He has served as head coach of eight different arena football franchises, winning ArenaBowl XX with the Chicago Rush in 2006." ] ]

[ 1, 64, 0, 0 ]

[ "I feel like I have Social anxiety disorder because I have fear in one or more social situations. ", "No, i'm pretty sure it's just shyness I am usually very awkward when around other people.", "Not Really now, because I am at home, and my friends are all at school, and no one from my home hits me up that much.", "I like writing, I am learning programming now, I also like to perform." ]

[ "Social anxiety disorder", "Social anxiety disorder", "Social anxiety disorder", "Social anxiety disorder" ]

[ "Pizza", "oh yeai love pizza.", "i like anchovies" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut is an American restaurant chain and international franchise founded in 1958 by Dan and Frank Carney.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ The company is known for its Italian-American cuisine menu including pizza and pasta, as well as side dishes and desserts.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut has over 16,000 locations worldwide as of 2015.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ It is a subsidiary of Yum!", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Brands, Inc., one of the world's largest restaurant companies.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut was founded in June 1958 by two Wichita State University students, brothers Dan and Frank Carney, as a single location in Wichita, Kansas.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ PepsiCo acquired Pizza Hut in November 1977.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Before closing in 2015, the oldest continuously operating Pizza Hut was in Manhattan, Kansas, in a shopping and tavern district known as Aggieville near Kansas State University.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The history of pizza begins in antiquity, when various ancient cultures produced flatbreads with toppings.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The precursor of pizza was probably the focaccia, a flat bread known to the Romans as \"panis focacius\", to which toppings were then added.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza developed in Naples, when tomato was added to the focaccia in the late 18th century.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The word \"pizza\" was first documented in AD 997 in Gaeta and successively in different parts of Central and Southern Italy.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Pizza was mainly eaten in the country of Italy and by emigrants from there.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ This changed after World War II, when Allied troops stationed in Italy came to enjoy pizza along with other Italian foods.", "The Pizza Head Show __knowledge__ The Pizza Head Show was the name of a live action spoof show used in Pizza Hut commercials from 1993 to 1997 to advertise their promotions and new kinds of pizza.", "The Pizza Head Show __knowledge__ The commercials starred a piece of pizza named Pizza Head, who had a face made out of different toppings and his pizza cutter nemesis named Steve who would try to cause him as much harm as possible.", "The Pizza Head Show __knowledge__ These advertising campaigns were from San Francisco's Goodby Silverstein & Partners were directed by Walter Williams in a style similar to his \"The Mr. Bill Show\", an early series of \"Saturday Night Live\" skits.", "The Pizza Head Show __knowledge__ A normal commercial would begin with Pizza Head saying something about the promotion, then Steve would somehow get involved demonstrating the promotion, with the help of an offscreen narrator.", "The Pizza Man __knowledge__ The Pizza Man (foaled March 25, 2009) is an American Thoroughbred racehorse who has won multiple stakes races including the Arlington Million in 2015 and the Northern Dancer Turf Stakes in 2016, becoming the first Illinois-bred horse to win either of these Grade I races.", "The Pizza Man __knowledge__ In 2015, The Pizza Man was named Illinois-bred Champion Turf Male, Champion Handicap Male, and Illinois Horse of the Year.", "The Pizza Man __knowledge__ He retired in 2017 as the all-time leading money earner among Illinois-breds.", "The Pizza Man __knowledge__ The Pizza Man is a bay gelding who races as a homebred for Midwest Thoroughbreds, the stable of Richard and Karen Papiese of Chicago.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of main characters in the \"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\" franchise.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ The Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles are a team of mutant red-eared sliders named after four Renaissance artists and living in the sewers of New York City, where they train by day and fight crime by night as ninjas.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Leonardo is the calm and courageous leader of the Ninja Turtles.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ He is the most devoted student to Master Splinter and the study of Ninjutsu.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Leo wears a blue mask and wields two ninjakens, also known as ninjatō.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Raphael is the tough, sarcastic bad boy of the Ninja Turtles.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Raph wears a red mask and wields a pair of sais.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ Filipino cuisine (Filipino: \"Lutuing Filipino\" or \"Pagkaing Filipino\") is composed of the cuisines of 135 distinct ethno-linguistic tribes found within the Philippine archipelago, however, majority of mainstream Filipino dishes that compose Filipino cuisine are from the cuisines of the Bikol, Chabakano, Hiligaynon, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Meranaw, Pangasinan, Sebwano (or Bisaya), Tagalog, and Waray ethno-linguistic tribes.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ The style of cooking and the food associated with it have evolved over many centuries from their Austronesian origins (shared with Malaysian and Indonesian cuisines) to a mixed cuisine of Indian, Chinese, Spanish, and American influences, in line with the major waves of influence that had enriched the cultures of the archipelago, as well as others adapted to indigenous ingredients and the local palate." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "Anchovies as food __knowledge__ Anchovies are a family (Engraulidae) of small, common salt-water forage fish.", "Anchovies as food __knowledge__ There are 144 species in 17 genera, found in the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans.", "Anchovies as food __knowledge__ Anchovies are usually classified as an oily fish.", "Anchovies as food __knowledge__ They are small, green fish with blue reflections due to a silver longitudinal stripe that runs from the base of the caudal fin.", "Anchovies as food __knowledge__ They range from to in adult length, and the body shape is variable with more slender fish in northern populations.", "Anchovies as food __knowledge__ A traditional method of processing and preserving anchovies is to gut and salt them in brine, allow them to mature, and then pack them in oil or salt.", "Anchovy __knowledge__ An anchovy is a small, common salt-water forage fish of the family Engraulidae.", "Anchovy __knowledge__ The 144 species are placed in 17 genera; they are found in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans, and in the Black Sea and the Mediterranean Sea.", "Anchovy __knowledge__ Anchovies are usually classified as oily fish.", "Anchovy __knowledge__ Anchovies are small, green fish with blue reflections due to a silver-colored longitudinal stripe that runs from the base of the caudal (tail) fin.", "Anchovy __knowledge__ They range from in adult length, and their body shapes are variable with more slender fish in northern populations.", "Anchovy __knowledge__ The snout is blunt with tiny, sharp teeth in both jaws.", "Anchovy __knowledge__ The snout contains a unique rostral organ, believed to be sensory in nature, although its exact function is unknown.", "The Queen-Like Closet __knowledge__ The Queen-like Closet, Or, Rich Cabinet was a cookery book published in 1670 by the English writer on household management, Hannah Woolley (1622–c.1675).", "The Queen-Like Closet __knowledge__ It ran through 5 English editions by 1684.", "The Queen-Like Closet __knowledge__ At least two German editions were also printed.", "The Queen-Like Closet __knowledge__ The book provides a recipe for trifle, involving cream but no custard, a gooseberry fool, hot chocolate, and cheesecakes.", "The Queen-Like Closet __knowledge__ Woolley's mince pies still contain meat as well as dried fruits.", "The Queen-Like Closet __knowledge__ Ingredients include pumpkins and molasses from the New World.", "The Queen-Like Closet __knowledge__ The book contains the first known recipe for Sussex pond pudding.", "The Queen-Like Closet __knowledge__ Woolley had already published two books, \"The Ladies Directory\" in 1661, and \"The Cooks Guide\" in 1664.", "Myeolchi-jeot __knowledge__ Myeolchi-jeot () or salted anchovies is a variety of \"jeotgal\" (salted seafood), made by salting and fermenting anchovies.", "Myeolchi-jeot __knowledge__ Along with \"saeu-jeot\" (salted shrimps), it is one of the most commonly consumed \"jeotgal\" in Korean cuisine.", "Myeolchi-jeot __knowledge__ In mainland Korea, \"myeolchi-jeot\" is primarily used to make kimchi, while in Jeju Island, meljeot (; \"myeolchi-jeot\" in Jeju language) is also used as a dipping sauce.", "Myeolchi-jeot __knowledge__ The Chuja Islands, located between South Jeolla and Jeju, are famous for producing the highest quality \"myeolchi-jeot\".", "Myeolchi-jeot __knowledge__ \"Myeolchi-jeot\" () is a compound of \"myeolchi\" (), the Korean word for anchovy (\"Engraulis japonicus\"), and \"jeot\" (), the word meaning salted fermented seafood.", "Salade niçoise __knowledge__ Salade niçoise (), la salada nissarda in the Niçard dialect of the Occitan language, is a salad that originated in the French city of Nice.", "Salade niçoise __knowledge__ It is traditionally made of tomatoes, hard-boiled eggs, Niçoise olives, anchovies, and dressed with olive oil.", "Salade niçoise __knowledge__ It has been popular worldwide since the early 20th century, and has been prepared and discussed by many famous chefs.", "Salade niçoise __knowledge__ Delia Smith called it \"one of the best combinations of salad ingredients ever invented\" and Gordon Ramsay said that \"it must be the finest summer salad of all.\"", "Salade niçoise __knowledge__ It can be served either as a composed salad or as a tossed salad.", "Salade niçoise __knowledge__ Freshly cooked or canned tuna may be used.", "A Fishful of Dollars __knowledge__ \"A Fishful of Dollars\" is episode six in the first season of \"Futurama\".", "A Fishful of Dollars __knowledge__ It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on April 27, 1999.", "A Fishful of Dollars __knowledge__ The episode was written by Patric Verrone and directed by Ron Hughart and Gregg Vanzo.", "A Fishful of Dollars __knowledge__ Pamela Anderson guest stars as her own preserved head in a jar.", "A Fishful of Dollars __knowledge__ This episode marks the first appearance of the character Mom, the series' recurring antagonist.", "A Fishful of Dollars __knowledge__ The title of the episode is a play on name of the film \"A Fistful of Dollars\".", "A Fishful of Dollars __knowledge__ After having their dreams taken over by an advertisement, the Planet Express crew takes a trip to the local shopping mall.", "A Fishful of Dollars __knowledge__ Trying to buy the product he saw in his dreams, Fry realizes he is broke.", "Nasi lemak __knowledge__ Nasi lemak is a Malay fragrant rice dish cooked in coconut milk and pandan leaf.", "Nasi lemak __knowledge__ It is commonly found in Malaysia, where it is considered the national dish; it is also popular in neighbouring areas such as Singapore; Brunei, and Southern Thailand.", "Nasi lemak __knowledge__ In Indonesia it can be found in several parts of Sumatra; especially Malay realm of Riau, Riau Islands and Medan.", "Nasi lemak __knowledge__ \"Nasi lemak\" can also be found in the Bangsamoro region of Mindanao prepared by Filipino Moro.", "Nasi lemak __knowledge__ It is considered one of the most famous dishes for a Malay-style breakfast.", "Nasi lemak __knowledge__ It is not to be confused with \"nasi dagang\", sold in the Malaysian east coast states of Terengganu and Kelantan, although both dishes are often served for breakfast.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ This is a listing of regional variations on the hot dog.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Different areas of the world have local variations on the type of meat used, condiments, and means of preparation, which are enumerated below.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Hot dogs are very popular throughout the United States.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Many regional variations exist.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Hot dogs made with caribou meat added are sold as \"reindeer dogs\" throughout Alaska.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ The Sonoran hot dog is popular in Tucson, Phoenix, and elsewhere in southern Arizona, as well as in the neighboring Mexican state of Sonora.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ It is a hot dog wrapped in mesquite-smoked bacon, cooked on a grill or on a griddle or comal, then topped with pinto beans, onions, tomatoes, mayonnaise, mustard and jalapeño salsa or sauce, and served on a bolillo roll, often with a side of fresh-roasted chili pepper.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ Filipino cuisine (Filipino: \"Lutuing Filipino\" or \"Pagkaing Filipino\") is composed of the cuisines of 135 distinct ethno-linguistic tribes found within the Philippine archipelago, however, majority of mainstream Filipino dishes that compose Filipino cuisine are from the cuisines of the Bikol, Chabakano, Hiligaynon, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Meranaw, Pangasinan, Sebwano (or Bisaya), Tagalog, and Waray ethno-linguistic tribes.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ The style of cooking and the food associated with it have evolved over many centuries from their Austronesian origins (shared with Malaysian and Indonesian cuisines) to a mixed cuisine of Indian, Chinese, Spanish, and American influences, in line with the major waves of influence that had enriched the cultures of the archipelago, as well as others adapted to indigenous ingredients and the local palate.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesian cuisine is one of the most vibrant and colourful cuisines in the world, full of intense flavour.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ It is eclectic and diverse, in part because Indonesia is composed of approximately 6,000 populated islands of the total 17,508 in the world's largest archipelago, with more than 300 ethnic groups calling Indonesia home.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Many regional cuisines exist, often based upon indigenous culture and foreign influences.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia has around 5,350 traditional recipes, with 30 of them considered the most important.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia's cuisine may include rice, noodle and soup dishes in modest local eateries to street-side snacks and top-dollar plates.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine comprises a wide variety of regional and traditional cuisines native to the Indian subcontinent.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Given the range of diversity in soil type, climate, culture, ethnic groups, and occupations, these cuisines vary substantially from each other and use locally available spices, herbs, vegetables, and fruits.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian food is also heavily influenced by religion, in particular Hindu, and cultural choices and traditions.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Also, Middle Eastern and Central Asian influences have occurred on North Indian cuisine from the years of Mughal rule.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine is still evolving, as a result of the nation's cultural interactions with other societies." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 7 ]

[ " Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and many toppings of your chooice", "It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, i personally like it with peperoni", " Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world i dont know anyone that does not like it" ]

[ "Pizza", "Pizza", "Pizza" ]

[ "Egyptian pyramids\nI think the pyramids are much older than most \" experts \" think !", "Nice, I'm envious, I would like to climb to the tops of all 3 pyramids !", "Cool, some say the blocks of stone used to build them were poured ??", "The Sphinx also looks much older than 5000bc, the weathering and erosion might make it 10,000bc ??", "lol, well \"they\" might be biased, and looks to me whoever did the construction had high tech that we now seen to have no knowledge about." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The Egyptian pyramids are ancient pyramid-shaped masonry structures located in Egypt.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ As of November 2008, sources cite either 118 or 138 as the number of identified Egyptian pyramids.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ Most were built as tombs for the country's pharaohs and their consorts during the Old and Middle Kingdom periods.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The earliest known Egyptian pyramids are found at Saqqara, northwest of Memphis.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The earliest among these is the Pyramid of Djoser (constructed 2630 BC–2611 BC) which was built during the third dynasty.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ This pyramid and its surrounding complex were designed by the architect Imhotep, and are generally considered to be the world's oldest monumental structures constructed of dressed masonry.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The most famous Egyptian pyramids are those found at Giza, on the outskirts of Cairo.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ Several of the Giza pyramids are counted among the largest structures ever built.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The Pyramid of Khufu at Giza is the largest Egyptian pyramid.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ It is the only one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World still in existence.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ By the time of the Early Dynastic Period, those with sufficient means were buried in bench-like structures known as mastabas.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The second historically-documented Egyptian pyramid is attributed to the architect Imhotep, who planned what Egyptologists believe to be a tomb for the pharaoh Djoser.", "Joseph's Granaries __knowledge__ Joseph's Granaries is a designation for the Egyptian pyramids often used by early travelers to the region.", "Joseph's Granaries __knowledge__ The notion of a granary (\"horreum\", ) being associated with the Hebrew patriarch Joseph derives from the account in Genesis 41, where “he gathered up all the food of the seven years when there was plenty in the land of Egypt, and stored up food in the cities ... And Joseph \"stored up grain in great abundance, like the sand of the sea\", until he ceased to measure it, for it could not be measured” (vv.", "Joseph's Granaries __knowledge__ 48-9, RSV).", "Joseph's Granaries __knowledge__ “So when the famine had spread over all the land, Joseph opened all the storehouses (\"\" Vulgate, LXX) and sold to the Egyptians”(v. 56).", "Pyramid __knowledge__ A pyramid (from \"\") is a structure whose outer surfaces are triangular and converge to a single point at the top, making the shape roughly a pyramid in the geometric sense.", "Pyramid __knowledge__ The base of a pyramid can be trilateral, quadrilateral, or any polygon shape.", "Pyramid __knowledge__ As such, a pyramid has at least three outer triangular surfaces (at least four faces including the base).", "Pyramid __knowledge__ The square pyramid, with square base and four triangular outer surfaces, is a common version.", "Pyramid __knowledge__ A pyramid's design, with the majority of the weight closer to the ground, and with the pyramidion on top means that less material higher up on the pyramid will be pushing down from above.", "Khufu __knowledge__ Khufu ( ), usually known as Cheops, originally Khnum-Khufu ( ), was an ancient Egyptian monarch, who ruled during the Fourth Dynasty in the first half of the Old Kingdom period (26th century BC).", "Khufu __knowledge__ Khufu was the second ruler of the 4th dynasty; he followed his possible father, king Sneferu, on the throne.", "Khufu __knowledge__ He is generally accepted as having commissioned the Great Pyramid of Giza, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, but many other aspects of his reign are rather poorly documented.", "Khufu __knowledge__ The only completely preserved portrait of the king is a three-inch high ivory figurine found in a temple ruin of later period at Abydos in 1903.", "Think tank __knowledge__ A think tank, policy institute, or research institute is an organisation that performs research and advocacy concerning topics such as social policy, political strategy, economics, military, technology, and culture.", "Think tank __knowledge__ Most policy institutes are non-profit organisations, which some countries such as the United States and Canada provide with tax exempt status.", "Think tank __knowledge__ Other think tanks are funded by governments, advocacy groups, or corporations, and derive revenue from consulting or research work related to their projects.", "Think tank __knowledge__ The following article lists global policy institutes according to continental categories, and then sub-categories by country within those areas.", "Environmental issues in Egypt __knowledge__ Egypt's environmental problems include water scarcity, air pollution, damage to historic monuments, and animal welfare issues.", "Environmental issues in Egypt __knowledge__ The air pollution in Cairo is a matter of serious concern.", "Environmental issues in Egypt __knowledge__ The air quality in downtown Cairo is more than 10 to 100 times of acceptable world standards.", "Environmental issues in Egypt __knowledge__ Cairo has a very poor factor because of lack of rain and its layout of tall buildings and narrow streets, which create a bowl effect (bad ventilation and consequent trapping of pollutants).", "Environmental issues in Egypt __knowledge__ The main air pollution problem in Egypt is the particulate matter.", "Environmental issues in Egypt __knowledge__ The most notable sources of the dust and small particles is transportation, industry and open-air waste-burning.", "Pyramids of Güímar __knowledge__ The Pyramids of Güímar refer to six rectangular pyramid-shaped, terraced structures built from lava stone without the use of mortar.", "Pyramids of Güímar __knowledge__ They are located in the district of Chacona, part of the town of Güímar on the island of Tenerife in the Canary Islands, Spain.", "Pyramids of Güímar __knowledge__ The structures have been dated to the 19th century CE and they may originally have been a byproduct of contemporary agricultural techniques.", "Pyramids of Güímar __knowledge__ Other pyramids employing the same methods and materials of construction can be found in various sites on Tenerife.", "Pyramids of Güímar __knowledge__ In Güímar itself there were nine pyramids, only six of which survive.", "Pyramids of Güímar __knowledge__ In 1990, adventurer and publisher, Thor Heyerdahl, became aware of the \"Canarian Pyramids\" by reading an article written by Francisco Padrón in the Tenerife newspaper \"Diario de Avisos\" detailing \"real pyramids on the Canaries\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The Egyptian pyramids are ancient pyramid-shaped masonry structures located in Egypt.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ As of November 2008, sources cite either 118 or 138 as the number of identified Egyptian pyramids.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ Most were built as tombs for the country's pharaohs and their consorts during the Old and Middle Kingdom periods.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The earliest known Egyptian pyramids are found at Saqqara, northwest of Memphis.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The earliest among these is the Pyramid of Djoser (constructed 2630 BC–2611 BC) which was built during the third dynasty.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ This pyramid and its surrounding complex were designed by the architect Imhotep, and are generally considered to be the world's oldest monumental structures constructed of dressed masonry.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The most famous Egyptian pyramids are those found at Giza, on the outskirts of Cairo.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ Several of the Giza pyramids are counted among the largest structures ever built.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The Pyramid of Khufu at Giza is the largest Egyptian pyramid.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ It is the only one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World still in existence.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ By the time of the Early Dynastic Period, those with sufficient means were buried in bench-like structures known as mastabas.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The second historically-documented Egyptian pyramid is attributed to the architect Imhotep, who planned what Egyptologists believe to be a tomb for the pharaoh Djoser.", "Archaeoastronomy __knowledge__ Archaeoastronomy (also spelled archeoastronomy) is the study of how people in the past \"have understood the phenomena in the sky, how they used these phenomena and what role the sky played in their cultures\".", "Archaeoastronomy __knowledge__ Clive Ruggles argues it is misleading to consider archaeoastronomy to be the study of ancient astronomy, as modern astronomy is a scientific discipline, while archaeoastronomy considers symbolically rich cultural interpretations of phenomena in the sky by other cultures.", "Archaeoastronomy __knowledge__ It is often twinned with \"ethnoastronomy\", the anthropological study of skywatching in contemporary societies.", "Archaeoastronomy __knowledge__ Archaeoastronomy is also closely associated with historical astronomy, the use of historical records of heavenly events to answer astronomical problems and the history of astronomy, which uses written records to evaluate past astronomical practice.", "Joseph's Granaries __knowledge__ Joseph's Granaries is a designation for the Egyptian pyramids often used by early travelers to the region.", "Joseph's Granaries __knowledge__ The notion of a granary (\"horreum\", ) being associated with the Hebrew patriarch Joseph derives from the account in Genesis 41, where “he gathered up all the food of the seven years when there was plenty in the land of Egypt, and stored up food in the cities ... And Joseph \"stored up grain in great abundance, like the sand of the sea\", until he ceased to measure it, for it could not be measured” (vv.", "Joseph's Granaries __knowledge__ 48-9, RSV).", "Joseph's Granaries __knowledge__ “So when the famine had spread over all the land, Joseph opened all the storehouses (\"\" Vulgate, LXX) and sold to the Egyptians”(v. 56).", "Pyramid __knowledge__ A pyramid (from \"\") is a structure whose outer surfaces are triangular and converge to a single point at the top, making the shape roughly a pyramid in the geometric sense.", "Pyramid __knowledge__ The base of a pyramid can be trilateral, quadrilateral, or any polygon shape.", "Pyramid __knowledge__ As such, a pyramid has at least three outer triangular surfaces (at least four faces including the base).", "Pyramid __knowledge__ The square pyramid, with square base and four triangular outer surfaces, is a common version.", "Pyramid __knowledge__ A pyramid's design, with the majority of the weight closer to the ground, and with the pyramidion on top means that less material higher up on the pyramid will be pushing down from above.", "Cavalieri's quadrature formula __knowledge__ In calculus, Cavalieri's quadrature formula, named for 17th-century Italian mathematician Bonaventura Cavalieri, is the integral and generalizations thereof.", "Cavalieri's quadrature formula __knowledge__ This is the definite integral form; the indefinite integral form is: There are additional forms, listed below.", "Cavalieri's quadrature formula __knowledge__ Together with the linearity of the integral, this formula allows one to compute the integrals of all polynomials.", "Cavalieri's quadrature formula __knowledge__ The term \"quadrature\" is a traditional term for area; the integral is geometrically interpreted as the area under the curve \"y\" = \"x\".", "Cavalieri's quadrature formula __knowledge__ Traditionally important cases are \"y\" = \"x\", the quadrature of the parabola, known in antiquity, and \"y\" = 1/\"x\", the quadrature of the hyperbola, whose value is a logarithm.", "2016 Paris–Nice __knowledge__ The 2016 Paris–Nice was a road cycling stage race that took place in France between 6 and 13 March 2016.", "2016 Paris–Nice __knowledge__ It was the 74th edition of the Paris–Nice and was the second event of the 2016 UCI World Tour.", "2016 Paris–Nice __knowledge__ The race took place over eight stages, travelling south from Conflans-Sainte-Honorine to finish on the Promenade des Anglais in Nice, although one stage was cancelled due to weather conditions.", "2016 Paris–Nice __knowledge__ After a prologue individual time trial, the first few stages were suited to sprinters.", "2016 Paris–Nice __knowledge__ The decisive stages came on the final two days, with routes taking the riders through the Alps.", "2016 Paris–Nice __knowledge__ The favourites for victory were therefore the climbers, including the defending champion Richie Porte (), Alberto Contador () and Geraint Thomas ().", "Purgatorio __knowledge__ Purgatorio (; Italian for \"Purgatory\") is the second part of Dante's \"Divine Comedy\", following the \"Inferno\", and preceding the \"Paradiso\".", "Purgatorio __knowledge__ The poem was written in the early 14th century.", "Purgatorio __knowledge__ It is an allegory telling of the climb of Dante up the Mount of Purgatory, guided by the Roman poet Virgil, except for the last four cantos at which point Beatrice takes over as Dante's guide.", "Purgatorio __knowledge__ Purgatory in the poem is depicted as a mountain in the Southern Hemisphere, consisting of a bottom section (Ante-Purgatory), seven levels of suffering and spiritual growth (associated with the seven deadly sins), and finally the Earthly Paradise at the top.", "Quadrilateral __knowledge__ In Euclidean plane geometry, a quadrilateral is a polygon with four edges (or sides) and four vertices or corners.", "Quadrilateral __knowledge__ Sometimes, the term quadrangle is used, by analogy with triangle, and sometimes tetragon for consistency with pentagon (5-sided), hexagon (6-sided) and so on.", "Quadrilateral __knowledge__ The origin of the word \"quadrilateral\" is the two Latin words \"quadri\", a variant of four, and \"latus\", meaning \"side\".", "Quadrilateral __knowledge__ Quadrilaterals are simple (not self-intersecting) or complex (self-intersecting), also called crossed.", "Quadrilateral __knowledge__ Simple quadrilaterals are either convex or concave.", "Quadrilateral __knowledge__ The interior angles of a simple (and planar) quadrilateral \"ABCD\" add up to 360 degrees of arc, that is This is a special case of the \"n\"-gon interior angle sum formula (\"n\" − 2) × 180°.", "Pyramid (geometry) __knowledge__ In geometry, a pyramid is a polyhedron formed by connecting a polygonal base and a point, called the apex.", "Pyramid (geometry) __knowledge__ Each base edge and apex form a triangle, called a \"lateral face\".", "Pyramid (geometry) __knowledge__ It is a conic solid with polygonal base.", "Pyramid (geometry) __knowledge__ A pyramid with an \"n\"-sided base has vertices, faces, and 2\"n\" edges.", "Pyramid (geometry) __knowledge__ All pyramids are self-dual.", "Pyramid (geometry) __knowledge__ A right pyramid has its apex directly above the centroid of its base.", "Pyramid (geometry) __knowledge__ Nonright pyramids are called oblique pyramids.", "Pyramid (geometry) __knowledge__ A regular pyramid has a regular polygon base and is usually implied to be a \"right pyramid\".", "Pyramid (geometry) __knowledge__ When unspecified, a pyramid is usually assumed to be a \"regular\" square pyramid, like the physical pyramid structures.", "Ancient Egypt __knowledge__ Ancient Egypt was a civilization of ancient Northeastern Africa, concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile River in the place that is now the country Egypt.", "Ancient Egypt __knowledge__ It is one of six historic civilizations to arise independently.", "Ancient Egypt __knowledge__ Egyptian civilization followed prehistoric Egypt and coalesced around 3100 BC (according to conventional Egyptian chronology) with the political unification of Upper and Lower Egypt under Menes (often identified with Narmer).", "Ancient Egypt __knowledge__ The history of ancient Egypt occurred as a series of stable kingdoms, separated by periods of relative instability known as Intermediate Periods: the Old Kingdom of the Early Bronze Age, the Middle Kingdom of the Middle Bronze Age and the New Kingdom of the Late Bronze Age.", "Tangential quadrilateral __knowledge__ In Euclidean geometry, a tangential quadrilateral (sometimes just tangent quadrilateral) or circumscribed quadrilateral is a convex quadrilateral whose sides are all tangent to a single circle within the quadrilateral.", "Tangential quadrilateral __knowledge__ This circle is called the incircle of the quadrilateral or its inscribed circle, its center is the \"incenter\" and its radius is called the \"inradius\".", "Tangential quadrilateral __knowledge__ Since these quadrilaterals can be drawn surrounding or circumscribing their incircles, they have also been called \"circumscribable quadrilaterals\", \"circumscribing quadrilaterals\", and \"circumscriptible quadrilaterals\".", "Tangential quadrilateral __knowledge__ Tangential quadrilaterals are a special case of tangential polygons.", "Polyhedron __knowledge__ In geometry, a polyhedron (plural polyhedra or polyhedrons) is a solid in three dimensions with flat polygonal faces, straight edges and sharp corners or vertices.", "Polyhedron __knowledge__ The word polyhedron comes from the Classical Greek πολύεδρον, as \"poly-\" (stem of πολύς, \"many\") + \"-hedron\" (form of ἕδρα, \"base\" or \"seat\").", "Polyhedron __knowledge__ A convex polyhedron is the convex hull of finitely many points, not all on the same plane.", "Polyhedron __knowledge__ Cubes and pyramids are examples of convex polyhedra.", "Polyhedron __knowledge__ A polyhedron is a 3-dimensional example of the more general polytope in any number of dimensions.", "Polyhedron __knowledge__ Convex polyhedra are well-defined, with several equivalent standard definitions." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The Egyptian pyramids are ancient pyramid-shaped masonry structures located in Egypt.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ As of November 2008, sources cite either 118 or 138 as the number of identified Egyptian pyramids.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ Most were built as tombs for the country's pharaohs and their consorts during the Old and Middle Kingdom periods.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The earliest known Egyptian pyramids are found at Saqqara, northwest of Memphis.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The earliest among these is the Pyramid of Djoser (constructed 2630 BC–2611 BC) which was built during the third dynasty.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ This pyramid and its surrounding complex were designed by the architect Imhotep, and are generally considered to be the world's oldest monumental structures constructed of dressed masonry.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The most famous Egyptian pyramids are those found at Giza, on the outskirts of Cairo.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ Several of the Giza pyramids are counted among the largest structures ever built.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The Pyramid of Khufu at Giza is the largest Egyptian pyramid.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ It is the only one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World still in existence.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ By the time of the Early Dynastic Period, those with sufficient means were buried in bench-like structures known as mastabas.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The second historically-documented Egyptian pyramid is attributed to the architect Imhotep, who planned what Egyptologists believe to be a tomb for the pharaoh Djoser.", "Dimension stone __knowledge__ Dimension stone is natural stone or rock that has been selected and finished (i.e., trimmed, cut, drilled, ground, or other) to specific sizes or shapes.", "Dimension stone __knowledge__ Color, texture and pattern, and surface finish of the stone are also normal requirements.", "Dimension stone __knowledge__ Another important selection criterion is durability: the time measure of the ability of dimension stone to endure and to maintain its essential and distinctive characteristics of strength, resistance to decay, and appearance.", "Dimension stone __knowledge__ Quarries that produce dimension stone or crushed stone (used as construction aggregate) are interconvertible.", "Dimension stone __knowledge__ Since most quarries can produce either one, a crushed stone quarry can be converted to dimension stone production.", "Cleveland Convention Center (demolished) __knowledge__ The Cleveland Convention Center was a convention center located in downtown Cleveland, Ohio, in the United States.", "Cleveland Convention Center (demolished) __knowledge__ Built by the city of Cleveland beneath the Cleveland Mall adjacent to Public Auditorium, it was completed in 1964.", "Cleveland Convention Center (demolished) __knowledge__ Plans for the convention center were first made in 1956, but voters twice rejected initiatives to fund construction before approving a bond levy in November 1963.", "Cleveland Convention Center (demolished) __knowledge__ A local private foundation donated several million dollars to beautify the mall atop the convention center with a reflecting pool and fountains.", "Cleveland Convention Center (demolished) __knowledge__ Construction was plagued by issues with ground water, protests, strikes, and cost overruns.", "Maya civilization __knowledge__ The Maya civilization was a Mesoamerican civilization developed by the Maya peoples, and noted for its hieroglyphic script—the only known fully developed writing system of the pre-Columbian Americas—as well as for its art, architecture, mathematics, calendar, and astronomical system.", "Maya civilization __knowledge__ The Maya civilization developed in an area that encompasses southeastern Mexico, all of Guatemala and Belize, and the western portions of Honduras and El Salvador.", "Maya civilization __knowledge__ This region consists of the northern lowlands encompassing the Yucatán Peninsula, and the highlands of the Sierra Madre, running from the Mexican state of Chiapas, across southern Guatemala and onwards into El Salvador, and the southern lowlands of the Pacific littoral plain.", "Stone kerbing, channels and footbridges of Charters Towers __knowledge__ The Stone kerbing, channels and footbridges of Charters Towers is a heritage-listed group of water infrastructure at various locations in Charters Towers City, Millchester, Queenton, and Richmond Hill throughout Charters Towers, Charters Towers Region, Queensland, Australia.", "Stone kerbing, channels and footbridges of Charters Towers __knowledge__ It was built from to 1930s.", "Stone kerbing, channels and footbridges of Charters Towers __knowledge__ It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 7 February 2005.", "Stone kerbing, channels and footbridges of Charters Towers __knowledge__ Charters Towers was a principal gold mining centre from 1872 to 1907 and by 1901 it was Queensland's second largest town.", "Stone kerbing, channels and footbridges of Charters Towers __knowledge__ The stone kerbs and channels are significant in highlighting the areas of the town that were settled during the town's mining heyday.", "Concrete __knowledge__ Concrete is a composite material composed of fine and coarse aggregate bonded together with a fluid cement (cement paste) that hardens over time.", "Concrete __knowledge__ Most concretes used are lime-based concretes such as Portland cement concrete or concretes made with other hydraulic cements, such as calcium aluminate cements.", "Concrete __knowledge__ However, asphalt concrete, which is frequently used for road surfaces, is also a type of concrete, where the cement material is bitumen, and polymer concretes are sometimes used where the cementing material is a polymer.", "Concrete __knowledge__ When aggregate is mixed together with dry Portland cement and water, the mixture forms a fluid slurry that is easily poured and molded into shape.", "Portland stone __knowledge__ Portland stone is a limestone from the Tithonian stage of the Jurassic period quarried on the Isle of Portland, Dorset.", "Portland stone __knowledge__ The quarries consist of beds of white-grey limestone separated by chert beds.", "Portland stone __knowledge__ It has been used extensively as a building stone throughout the British Isles, notably in major public buildings in London such as St Paul's Cathedral and Buckingham Palace.", "Portland stone __knowledge__ Portland stone is also exported to many countries—Portland stone is used in the United Nations headquarters building in New York City, for example.", "Portland stone __knowledge__ Portland stone formed in a marine environment, on the floor of a shallow, warm, sub-tropical sea probably near land (as evidenced by fossilized driftwood, which is not uncommon).", "Stone veneer __knowledge__ Any stone used as decorative facing material that is not meant to be load bearing.", "Stone veneer __knowledge__ Stone veneer can be made from natural stone as well as manufactured stone.", "Stone veneer __knowledge__ Natural stone veneer is made from real stone that is either collected, i.e.", "Stone veneer __knowledge__ fieldstone, or quarried.", "Stone veneer __knowledge__ The stone is cut to a consistent thickness and weight for use as a veneer.", "Stone veneer __knowledge__ Manufactured stone veneer is fabricated by pouring a lightweight concrete mix into rubber forms and painted with a coloring process which makes it resemble real stone.", "Stone veneer __knowledge__ The stone veneer produced is then attached to walls with special mortars.", "Stone veneer __knowledge__ Flexible stone veneer is fabricated by pulling a thin layer of stone from a slab of slate, sandstone, or mica schist.", "Djedkare Isesi __knowledge__ Djedkare Isesi (known in Greek as Tancherês) was an Ancient Egyptian pharaoh, the eighth and penultimate ruler of the Fifth Dynasty in the late 25th century to mid-24th century BC, during the Old Kingdom period.", "Djedkare Isesi __knowledge__ Djedkare succeeded Menkauhor Kaiu and was in turn succeeded by Unas.", "Djedkare Isesi __knowledge__ His relations to both of these pharaohs remain uncertain, although it is often conjectured that Unas was Djedkare's son, owing to the smooth transition between the two.", "Djedkare Isesi __knowledge__ Djedkare likely enjoyed a reign of more than 40 years, which heralded a new period in the history of the Old Kingdom.", "Djedkare Isesi __knowledge__ Breaking with a tradition followed by his predecessors since the time of Userkaf, Djedkare did not build a temple to the sun god Ra, possibly reflecting the rise of Osiris in the Egyptian pantheon.", "Memphis, Egypt __knowledge__ Memphis ( \"\"  ; ; ) was the ancient capital of Aneb-Hetch, the first nome of Lower Egypt.", "Memphis, Egypt __knowledge__ Its ruins are located near the town of Mit Rahina, 20 km (12 mi) south of Giza.", "Memphis, Egypt __knowledge__ According to legend related by Manetho, the city was founded by the pharaoh Menes.", "Memphis, Egypt __knowledge__ Capital of Egypt during the Old Kingdom, it remained an important city throughout ancient Mediterranean history.", "Memphis, Egypt __knowledge__ It occupied a strategic position at the mouth of the Nile delta, and was home to feverish activity.", "Memphis, Egypt __knowledge__ Its principal port, \"Peru-nefer\", harboured a high density of workshops, factories, and warehouses that distributed food and merchandise throughout the ancient kingdom.", "Nyuserre Ini __knowledge__ Nyuserre Ini (also Niuserre Ini or Neuserre Ini; in Greek known as Rathurês, \"´Ραθούρης\") was an Ancient Egyptian pharaoh, the sixth ruler of the Fifth Dynasty during the Old Kingdom period.", "Nyuserre Ini __knowledge__ He is credited with a reign of 24 to 35 years depending on the scholar, and likely lived in the second half of the 25th century BCE.", "Nyuserre Ini __knowledge__ Nyuserre was the younger son of Neferirkare Kakai and queen Khentkaus II, and the brother of the short-lived king Neferefre.", "Nyuserre Ini __knowledge__ He may have succeeded his brother directly, as indicated by much later historical sources.", "Nyuserre Ini __knowledge__ Alternatively, Shepseskare may have reigned between the two as advocated by Miroslav Verner, albeit only for a few weeks or months at the most.", "Saqqara __knowledge__ Saqqara (, ), also spelled Sakkara or Saccara in English , is a vast, ancient burial ground in Egypt, serving as the necropolis for the Ancient Egyptian capital, Memphis.", "Saqqara __knowledge__ Saqqara features numerous pyramids, including the world-famous Step pyramid of Djoser, sometimes referred to as the Step Tomb due to its rectangular base, as well as a number of mastabas (Arabic word meaning 'bench').", "Saqqara __knowledge__ Located some south of modern-day Cairo, Saqqara covers an area of around .", "Saqqara __knowledge__ At Saqqara, the oldest complete stone building complex known in history was built: Djoser's step pyramid, built during the Third Dynasty.", "Khnumhotep and Niankhkhnum __knowledge__ Khnumhotep (pronunciation: xaˈnaːmaw-ˈħatpew) and Niankhkhnum (pronunciation: nij-daˌnax-xaˈnaːmaw) were ancient Egyptian royal servants.", "Khnumhotep and Niankhkhnum __knowledge__ They shared the title of Overseer of the Manicurists in the Palace of King Nyuserre Ini, sixth pharaoh of the Fifth Dynasty, reigning during the second half of the 25th century BC.", "Khnumhotep and Niankhkhnum __knowledge__ They were buried together at Saqqara and are listed as \"royal confidants\" in their joint tomb.", "Khnumhotep and Niankhkhnum __knowledge__ Khnumhotep and Niankhkhnum were ancient Egyptian royal servants and are believed by some to be the first recorded same-sex couple in history.", "Khnumhotep and Niankhkhnum __knowledge__ The proposed romantic relationship between Khnumhotep and Niankhkhnum is based on depictions of the two men standing nose to nose and embracing.", "Khufu __knowledge__ Khufu ( ), usually known as Cheops, originally Khnum-Khufu ( ), was an ancient Egyptian monarch, who ruled during the Fourth Dynasty in the first half of the Old Kingdom period (26th century BC).", "Khufu __knowledge__ Khufu was the second ruler of the 4th dynasty; he followed his possible father, king Sneferu, on the throne.", "Khufu __knowledge__ He is generally accepted as having commissioned the Great Pyramid of Giza, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, but many other aspects of his reign are rather poorly documented.", "Khufu __knowledge__ The only completely preserved portrait of the king is a three-inch high ivory figurine found in a temple ruin of later period at Abydos in 1903." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The Egyptian pyramids are ancient pyramid-shaped masonry structures located in Egypt.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ As of November 2008, sources cite either 118 or 138 as the number of identified Egyptian pyramids.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ Most were built as tombs for the country's pharaohs and their consorts during the Old and Middle Kingdom periods.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The earliest known Egyptian pyramids are found at Saqqara, northwest of Memphis.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The earliest among these is the Pyramid of Djoser (constructed 2630 BC–2611 BC) which was built during the third dynasty.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ This pyramid and its surrounding complex were designed by the architect Imhotep, and are generally considered to be the world's oldest monumental structures constructed of dressed masonry.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The most famous Egyptian pyramids are those found at Giza, on the outskirts of Cairo.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ Several of the Giza pyramids are counted among the largest structures ever built.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The Pyramid of Khufu at Giza is the largest Egyptian pyramid.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ It is the only one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World still in existence.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ By the time of the Early Dynastic Period, those with sufficient means were buried in bench-like structures known as mastabas.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The second historically-documented Egyptian pyramid is attributed to the architect Imhotep, who planned what Egyptologists believe to be a tomb for the pharaoh Djoser.", "Sphinx water erosion hypothesis __knowledge__ The Sphinx water erosion hypothesis contends that the main type of weathering evident on the enclosure walls of the Great Sphinx was caused by prolonged and extensive rainfall that would have predated the time of Djedefre and Khafre, the Pharaohs credited by most modern Egyptologists with building the Great Sphinx and Second Pyramid at Giza around 2500 BC.", "Sphinx water erosion hypothesis __knowledge__ Egyptologists, geologists and others have rejected the water erosion hypothesis and the idea of an older Sphinx, offering various alternative explanations for the cause and date of the erosion.", "Sphinx water erosion hypothesis __knowledge__ R. A. Schwaller de Lubicz, a French mystic and alternative Egyptologist, first claimed evidence of water erosion on the walls of the Sphinx enclosure in the 1950s.", "Sphinx (Marvel Comics) __knowledge__ The Sphinx is the name of two fictional characters appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Sphinx (Marvel Comics) __knowledge__ The first version of the Sphinx first appeared in \"Nova\" #6 (Feb. 1977) and was created by Marv Wolfman and Sal Buscema.", "Sphinx (Marvel Comics) __knowledge__ The second version first appears in \"New Warriors\" #4 and was created by Fabian Nicieza.", "Sphinx (Marvel Comics) __knowledge__ Anath-Na Mut is a magician in the court of Egyptian pharaoh Ramesses II.", "Sphinx (Marvel Comics) __knowledge__ Defeated in a duel of magic by the prophet Moses, the magician is exiled into the desert for his failure.", "Sphinx (Marvel Comics) __knowledge__ The title \"Nova\" recounts in flashback how Anath-Na discovers the alien Ka Stone, which grants him immortality and a host of other powers.", "Soil __knowledge__ Soil is a mixture of organic matter, minerals, gases, liquids, and organisms that together support life.", "Soil __knowledge__ The Earth's body of soil is the pedosphere, which has four important functions: it is a medium for plant growth; it is a means of water storage, supply and purification; it is a modifier of Earth's atmosphere; it is a habitat for organisms; all of which, in turn, modify the soil.", "Soil __knowledge__ Soil interfaces with the lithosphere, the hydrosphere, the atmosphere, and the biosphere.", "Soil __knowledge__ The term \"pedolith\", used commonly to refer to the soil, literally translates \"ground stone\".", "Soil __knowledge__ Soil consists of a solid phase of minerals and organic matter (the soil matrix), as well as a porous phase that holds gases (the soil atmosphere) and water (the soil solution).", "Great Sphinx of Giza __knowledge__ The Great Sphinx of Giza ( , ; literally: Father of Dread), commonly referred to as the Sphinx of Giza or just the Sphinx, is a limestone statue of a reclining sphinx, a mythical creature with the body of a lion and the head of a human.", "Great Sphinx of Giza __knowledge__ Facing directly from West to East, it stands on the Giza Plateau on the west bank of the Nile in Giza, Egypt.", "Great Sphinx of Giza __knowledge__ The face of the Sphinx is generally believed to represent the Pharaoh Khafre.", "Great Sphinx of Giza __knowledge__ Cut from the bedrock, the original shape of the Sphinx has been restored with layers of blocks.", "Great Sphinx of Giza __knowledge__ It measures long from paw to tail, high from the base to the top of the head and wide at its rear haunches.", "NGC 4622 __knowledge__ NGC 4622 is a face-on unbarred spiral galaxy with a very prominent ring structure located in the constellation Centaurus.", "NGC 4622 __knowledge__ The spiral galaxy, NGC 4622 (also called backward galaxy), lies approx.", "NGC 4622 __knowledge__ 111 million light years away from Earth in the constellation Centaurus.", "NGC 4622 __knowledge__ NGC 4622 is an example of a galaxy with leading spiral arms.", "NGC 4622 __knowledge__ In spiral galaxies, spiral arms were thought to trail; the tips of the spiral arms winding away from the center of the galaxy in the direction of the disks orbital rotation.", "NGC 4622 __knowledge__ In NGC 4622, however, the outer arms are leading spiral arms; the tips of the spiral arms point towards the direction of disk rotation.", "Weathering __knowledge__ Weathering is the breaking down of rocks, soil, and minerals as well as wood and artificial materials through contact with the Earth's atmosphere, water, and biological organisms.", "Weathering __knowledge__ Weathering occurs \"in situ\" (on site), that is, in the same place, with little or no movement, and thus should not be confused with erosion, which involves the movement of rocks and minerals by agents such as water, ice, snow, wind, waves and gravity and then being transported and deposited in other locations.", "Weathering __knowledge__ Two important classifications of weathering processes exist – physical and chemical weathering; each sometimes involves a biological component.", "Robert M. Schoch __knowledge__ Robert M. Schoch (born April 24, 1949) is an American associate professor of Natural Sciences at the College of General Studies, Boston University.", "Robert M. Schoch __knowledge__ This is a two-year core curriculum for bachelor's degree candidates at the university.", "Robert M. Schoch __knowledge__ Since 1991, Schoch has been best known as a proponent of the Sphinx water erosion hypothesis, claiming that the Sphinx was eroded by water and is much more ancient than widely thought.", "Robert M. Schoch __knowledge__ This is a fringe theory that is not supported by mainstream scientists.", "Robert M. Schoch __knowledge__ Schoch received a BA in Anthropology and a BS in Geology from George Washington University.", "Robert M. Schoch __knowledge__ He was awarded MS and PhD degrees in Geology and Geophysics from Yale University (PhD, 1983).", "Dimension stone __knowledge__ Dimension stone is natural stone or rock that has been selected and finished (i.e., trimmed, cut, drilled, ground, or other) to specific sizes or shapes.", "Dimension stone __knowledge__ Color, texture and pattern, and surface finish of the stone are also normal requirements.", "Dimension stone __knowledge__ Another important selection criterion is durability: the time measure of the ability of dimension stone to endure and to maintain its essential and distinctive characteristics of strength, resistance to decay, and appearance.", "Dimension stone __knowledge__ Quarries that produce dimension stone or crushed stone (used as construction aggregate) are interconvertible.", "Dimension stone __knowledge__ Since most quarries can produce either one, a crushed stone quarry can be converted to dimension stone production.", "Countertop __knowledge__ A countertop (also counter top, counter, benchtop, (British English) worktop, or (Australian English) kitchen bench) is a horizontal work surface in kitchens or other food preparation areas, bathrooms or lavatories, and workrooms in general.", "Countertop __knowledge__ It is frequently installed upon and supported by cabinets.", "Countertop __knowledge__ The surface is positioned at an ergonomic height for the user and the particular task for which it is designed.", "Countertop __knowledge__ A countertop may be constructed of various materials with different attributes of functionality, durability, and aesthetics.", "Countertop __knowledge__ The countertop may have built-in applicances, or accessory items relative to the intended application.", "Jacobsville Sandstone __knowledge__ Jacobsville Sandstone is a red sandstone formation, marked with light-colored streaks and spots, primarily found in northern Upper Michigan, portions of Ontario, and under much of Lake Superior.", "Jacobsville Sandstone __knowledge__ Desired for its durability and aesthetics, the sandstone was used as an architectural building stone both locally and around the United States.", "Jacobsville Sandstone __knowledge__ The stone was extracted by thirty-two quarries throughout the Upper Peninsula approximately between 1870 and 1915.", "Jacobsville Sandstone __knowledge__ The sandstone has been variously called redstone, brownstone, Lake Superior Sandstone, and Eastern Sandstone.", "Jacobsville Sandstone __knowledge__ In 1907, the Jacobsville Formation was given its current classification and the name \"Jacobsville\", in honor of Jacobsville, Michigan, a town known for its production of the sandstone.", "Stone veneer __knowledge__ Any stone used as decorative facing material that is not meant to be load bearing.", "Stone veneer __knowledge__ Stone veneer can be made from natural stone as well as manufactured stone.", "Stone veneer __knowledge__ Natural stone veneer is made from real stone that is either collected, i.e.", "Stone veneer __knowledge__ fieldstone, or quarried.", "Stone veneer __knowledge__ The stone is cut to a consistent thickness and weight for use as a veneer.", "Stone veneer __knowledge__ Manufactured stone veneer is fabricated by pouring a lightweight concrete mix into rubber forms and painted with a coloring process which makes it resemble real stone.", "Stone veneer __knowledge__ The stone veneer produced is then attached to walls with special mortars.", "Stone veneer __knowledge__ Flexible stone veneer is fabricated by pulling a thin layer of stone from a slab of slate, sandstone, or mica schist.", "Portland stone __knowledge__ Portland stone is a limestone from the Tithonian stage of the Jurassic period quarried on the Isle of Portland, Dorset.", "Portland stone __knowledge__ The quarries consist of beds of white-grey limestone separated by chert beds.", "Portland stone __knowledge__ It has been used extensively as a building stone throughout the British Isles, notably in major public buildings in London such as St Paul's Cathedral and Buckingham Palace.", "Portland stone __knowledge__ Portland stone is also exported to many countries—Portland stone is used in the United Nations headquarters building in New York City, for example.", "Portland stone __knowledge__ Portland stone formed in a marine environment, on the floor of a shallow, warm, sub-tropical sea probably near land (as evidenced by fossilized driftwood, which is not uncommon).", "Tile __knowledge__ A tile is a manufactured piece of hand-wearing material such as ceramic, stone, metal, or even glass, generally used for covering roofs, floors, walls, showers, or other objects such as tabletops.", "Tile __knowledge__ Alternatively, tile can sometimes refer to similar units made from lightweight materials such as perlite, wood, and mineral wool, typically used for wall and ceiling applications.", "Tile __knowledge__ In another sense, a tile is a construction tile or similar object, such as rectangular counters used in playing games (see tile-based game).", "Tile __knowledge__ The word is derived from the French word \"tuile\", which is, in turn, from the Latin word \"tegula\", meaning a roof tile composed of fired clay.", "Quarry __knowledge__ A quarry is a place from which dimension stone, rock, construction aggregate, riprap, sand, gravel, or slate has been excavated from the ground.", "Quarry __knowledge__ A quarry is the same thing as an open-pit mine from which minerals are extracted.", "Quarry __knowledge__ The only non-trivial difference between the two is that open-pit mines that produce building materials and dimension stone are commonly referred to as quarries.", "Quarry __knowledge__ The word \"quarry\" can also include the underground quarrying for stone, such as Bath stone.", "Quarry __knowledge__ Types of rock extracted from quarries include: Many quarry stones such as marble, granite, limestone, and sandstone are cut into larger slabs and removed from the quarry." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The Egyptian pyramids are ancient pyramid-shaped masonry structures located in Egypt.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ As of November 2008, sources cite either 118 or 138 as the number of identified Egyptian pyramids.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ Most were built as tombs for the country's pharaohs and their consorts during the Old and Middle Kingdom periods.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The earliest known Egyptian pyramids are found at Saqqara, northwest of Memphis.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The earliest among these is the Pyramid of Djoser (constructed 2630 BC–2611 BC) which was built during the third dynasty.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ This pyramid and its surrounding complex were designed by the architect Imhotep, and are generally considered to be the world's oldest monumental structures constructed of dressed masonry.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The most famous Egyptian pyramids are those found at Giza, on the outskirts of Cairo.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ Several of the Giza pyramids are counted among the largest structures ever built.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The Pyramid of Khufu at Giza is the largest Egyptian pyramid.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ It is the only one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World still in existence.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ By the time of the Early Dynastic Period, those with sufficient means were buried in bench-like structures known as mastabas.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The second historically-documented Egyptian pyramid is attributed to the architect Imhotep, who planned what Egyptologists believe to be a tomb for the pharaoh Djoser.", "High Tech High charter schools __knowledge__ High Tech High is a San Diego, California-based school-development organization that includes a network of charter schools, a teacher certification program, and a graduate school of education.", "High Tech High charter schools __knowledge__ Students are admitted to the public elementary, middle, and high schools through a zip-code based lottery system in an effort to admit a demographically-diverse representative sample of San Diego County.", "High Tech High charter schools __knowledge__ In 2010 it had approximately 3,500 students in high, middle, and elementary schools.", "High Tech High charter schools __knowledge__ The HTH website states that in 2010, 100% of high school graduates were accepted to colleges, of which 80% were to four-year institutions.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ This Is England '90 is a 2015 British TV drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne and produced by Warp Films.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ A spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\", it is also a sequel to the series \"This Is England '86\" and \"This Is England '88\".", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ \"This Is England '90\" was originally due in late 2012, but in July 2012, Meadows announced that the production had been put on hold in order for him to complete his The Stone Roses, and the actors were still waiting for confirmation as to when filming would start.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ In March 2014, Meadows confirmed that shooting would start later in the year although he had not yet finished the script.", "High tech __knowledge__ High technology, often abbreviated to high tech (adjective forms high-technology, high-tech or hi-tech) is technology that is at the cutting edge: the most advanced technology available.", "High tech __knowledge__ As of the onset of the 21st century, products considered high tech are often those that incorporate advanced computer electronics.", "High tech __knowledge__ However, there is no specific class of technology that is high tech—the definition shifts and evolves over time—so products hyped as high-tech in the past may now be considered to be everyday or even outdated technology.", "High tech __knowledge__ The opposite of high tech is \"low technology\", referring to simple, often traditional or mechanical technology; for example, a calculator is a low-tech calculating device.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ This Is England '86 is a 2010 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne, a spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\".", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Set three years later, it focuses on the mod revival scene rather than the skinhead subculture, with the gang variously adopting an eclectic mix of clothing styles.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Like the film version previously, Thomas Turgoose stars as Shaun, with central roles played by Joe Gilgun as Woody, now a scooter-riding mod, although girlfriend Lol (Vicky McClure) and her friend Trev stay loyal to their roots and still wear the skinhead garb.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Lol's sister Kelly has gone new wave/punk, while other gang members adopt psychobilly, early chav and mohican influences.", "Gary and Jerri-Ann Jacobs High Tech High Charter School __knowledge__ Gary and Jerri-Ann Jacobs High Tech High Charter School, often referred to as High Tech High (HTH), is a public charter high school in San Diego, California, United States.", "Gary and Jerri-Ann Jacobs High Tech High Charter School __knowledge__ The school is now one of several schools operated under the High Tech High charter schools umbrella organization.", "Gary and Jerri-Ann Jacobs High Tech High Charter School __knowledge__ Beginning in 1998, forty public and corporate partners, led by current board chair Gary Jacobs, began meeting to discuss the current state of education in San Diego.", "Gary and Jerri-Ann Jacobs High Tech High Charter School __knowledge__ Faced with a shortage of workers for the locally strong high tech and biotech industries, the group wondered why the local school system was not better able to produce more qualified workers.", "High Tech High School __knowledge__ High Tech High School is a full-time magnet public high school serving students in ninth through twelfth grades, located in North Bergen, in Hudson County, New Jersey, United States, operating as part of the Hudson County Schools of Technology.", "High Tech High School __knowledge__ Since its establishment in 1991, High Tech High School has been named a Top Ten High School, a Governor's School of Excellence, a New Jersey Star School (twice) and has been cited by \"New Jersey Monthly\" magazine as one of the state's great public high schools.", "High Tech High School __knowledge__ The school is noted for success in the sciences and in the performing arts (winning several awards in both fields).", "LOL __knowledge__ LOL, or lol, is an acronym for laugh(ing) out loud or lots of laughs, and a popular element of Internet slang.", "LOL __knowledge__ It was first used almost exclusively on Usenet, but has since become widespread in other forms of computer-mediated communication and even face-to-face communication.", "LOL __knowledge__ It is one of many initialisms for expressing bodily reactions, in particular laughter, as text, including initialisms for more emphatic expressions of laughter such as LMAO (\"laugh(ing) my ass off\") and ROFL (or its older form ROTFL; \"roll(ing) on the floor laughing\").", "LOL __knowledge__ Other unrelated expansions include the now mostly obsolete \"lots of luck\" or \"lots of love\" used in letter-writing.", "Sphinx water erosion hypothesis __knowledge__ The Sphinx water erosion hypothesis contends that the main type of weathering evident on the enclosure walls of the Great Sphinx was caused by prolonged and extensive rainfall that would have predated the time of Djedefre and Khafre, the Pharaohs credited by most modern Egyptologists with building the Great Sphinx and Second Pyramid at Giza around 2500 BC.", "Sphinx water erosion hypothesis __knowledge__ Egyptologists, geologists and others have rejected the water erosion hypothesis and the idea of an older Sphinx, offering various alternative explanations for the cause and date of the erosion.", "Sphinx water erosion hypothesis __knowledge__ R. A. Schwaller de Lubicz, a French mystic and alternative Egyptologist, first claimed evidence of water erosion on the walls of the Sphinx enclosure in the 1950s.", "Great Sphinx of Giza __knowledge__ The Great Sphinx of Giza ( , ; literally: Father of Dread), commonly referred to as the Sphinx of Giza or just the Sphinx, is a limestone statue of a reclining sphinx, a mythical creature with the body of a lion and the head of a human.", "Great Sphinx of Giza __knowledge__ Facing directly from West to East, it stands on the Giza Plateau on the west bank of the Nile in Giza, Egypt.", "Great Sphinx of Giza __knowledge__ The face of the Sphinx is generally believed to represent the Pharaoh Khafre.", "Great Sphinx of Giza __knowledge__ Cut from the bedrock, the original shape of the Sphinx has been restored with layers of blocks.", "Great Sphinx of Giza __knowledge__ It measures long from paw to tail, high from the base to the top of the head and wide at its rear haunches.", "Soil erosion __knowledge__ Soil erosion is the displacement of the upper layer of soil, one form of soil degradation.", "Soil erosion __knowledge__ A low level of erosion of soil is a naturally occurring process on all land.", "Soil erosion __knowledge__ The agents of soil erosion are water and wind, each contributing a significant amount of soil loss each year.", "Soil erosion __knowledge__ Soil erosion may be a slow process that continues relatively unnoticed, or it may occur at an alarming rate causing a serious loss of topsoil.", "Soil erosion __knowledge__ The loss of soil from farmland may be reflected in reduced crop production potential, lower surface water quality and damaged drainage networks.", "Soil erosion __knowledge__ Human activities have increased by 10–40 times the rate at which erosion is occurring globally.", "Robert M. Schoch __knowledge__ Robert M. Schoch (born April 24, 1949) is an American associate professor of Natural Sciences at the College of General Studies, Boston University.", "Robert M. Schoch __knowledge__ This is a two-year core curriculum for bachelor's degree candidates at the university.", "Robert M. Schoch __knowledge__ Since 1991, Schoch has been best known as a proponent of the Sphinx water erosion hypothesis, claiming that the Sphinx was eroded by water and is much more ancient than widely thought.", "Robert M. Schoch __knowledge__ This is a fringe theory that is not supported by mainstream scientists.", "Robert M. Schoch __knowledge__ Schoch received a BA in Anthropology and a BS in Geology from George Washington University.", "Robert M. Schoch __knowledge__ He was awarded MS and PhD degrees in Geology and Geophysics from Yale University (PhD, 1983).", "The Message of the Sphinx __knowledge__ The Message of the Sphinx: A Quest for the Hidden Legacy of Mankind (Keeper of Genesis in the United Kingdom) is a book written by Graham Hancock and Robert Bauval in 1996 which argues that the creation of the Sphinx and Pyramids occurred as far back as 10,500 BC using astronomical data.", "The Message of the Sphinx __knowledge__ Working from the premise that the Giza complex encodes a message, the book begins with the Sphinx water erosion hypothesis, evidence that the authors believe suggests that that deep erosion patterns on the flanks of the Sphinx were caused by 1000 years of heavy rain.", "The Message of the Sphinx __knowledge__ The authors go on to suggest, using computer simulations of the sky, that the pyramids, representing the three stars of Orion's Belt, along with associated causeways and alignments, constitute a record in stone of the celestial array at the vernal equinox in 10,500 BC.", "Orion correlation theory __knowledge__ The Orion correlation theory (or Giza–Orion correlation theory) is a hypothesis in alternative Egyptology.", "Orion correlation theory __knowledge__ Its central claim is that there is a correlation between the location of the three largest pyramids of the Giza pyramid complex and Orion's Belt of the constellation Orion, and that this correlation was intended as such by the builders of the pyramids.", "Orion correlation theory __knowledge__ The stars of Orion were associated with Osiris, the god of rebirth and afterlife, by the ancient Egyptians.", "Orion correlation theory __knowledge__ Depending on the version of the theory, additional pyramids can be included to complete the picture of the Orion constellation, and the Nile river can be included to match with the Milky Way galaxy.", "Mystery of the Sphinx __knowledge__ Mystery of the Sphinx is a 1993 documentary about the Great Sphinx of Giza.", "Mystery of the Sphinx __knowledge__ It deals mainly with the conflict between egyptologists and geologists about the age of the Great Sphinx.", "Mystery of the Sphinx __knowledge__ It does so by suggesting the Sphinx water erosion hypothesis.", "Mystery of the Sphinx __knowledge__ Charlton Heston is the host of the documentary, which features John Anthony West, geologist Robert M. Schoch and writer Richard C. Hoagland." ] ]

[ 18, 4, 13, 14, 22 ]

[ "I went to Egypt last summer and seen the pyramids in person the base looked like quadrilateral, or any polygon shape.", "I wish we would have did that to lol the pyramids was beautiful we visited the earliest one in Saqqara. ", "On the tour we learned they was built from Dimension stone which was natural stone.", "You are right the research says that they have rejected the water erosion hypothesis and the idea of an older Sphinx.", "Yes the use high technology now those products was advanced and added in the 21st entury." ]

[ "Egyptian pyramids", "Egyptian pyramids", "Egyptian pyramids", "Egyptian pyramids", "Egyptian pyramids" ]

[ "Sushi\nI am a big fan of sushi. Are you?", "I see, do you have it with any sauce?", "I see, I like it with Wasabi. Do you have it raw or cooked?", "I am one of those that like it cooked because raw sushi can cause stomach cramps!", "Oh yes I can see why it might be confusing. They both sound very similar. " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi can be prepared with either brown or white rice.", "Sushi __knowledge__ It is often prepared with raw seafood, but some varieties of sushi use cooked ingredients, and many others are vegetarian.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi is often served with pickled ginger, wasabi, and soy sauce.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Daikon radish is popular as a garnish.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi is often confused with sashimi, a related Japanese dish consisting of thinly sliced raw fish or occasionally meat, and an optional serving of rice.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi originates in a Southeast Asian dish, known today as \"narezushi\" ( – \"salted fish\"), stored in fermented rice for possibly months at a time.", "Sushi __knowledge__ The lacto-fermentation of the rice prevented the fish from spoiling; the rice would be discarded before consumption of the fish.", "Sushi __knowledge__ This early type of sushi became an important source of protein for its Japanese consumers.", "Sushi __knowledge__ The term \"sushi\" comes from an antiquated grammatical form no longer used in other contexts, and literally means \"sour-tasting\"; the overall dish has a sour and umami or savoury taste.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Narezushi still exists as a regional specialty, notably as \"funa-zushi\" from Shiga Prefecture.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Vinegar began to be added to the preparation of narezushi in the Muromachi period (1336–1573) for the sake of enhancing both taste and preservation.", "History of sushi __knowledge__ The history of sushi began with paddy fields in Southeast Asia, where fish was fermented with salt and rice, after which the rice was discarded.", "History of sushi __knowledge__ The dish is today known as \"narezushi\", and was introduced to Japan around the Yayoi period.", "History of sushi __knowledge__ In the Muromachi period, people began to eat the rice as well as the fish.", "History of sushi __knowledge__ During the Edo period, vinegar rather than fermented rice began to be used.", "History of sushi __knowledge__ In pre-modern times and modern times, it has become a form of fast food strongly associated with Japanese culture.", "History of sushi __knowledge__ The earliest form of sushi, a dish today known as narezushi, has its probable origin with paddy fields along the Mekong river in Southeast Asia.", "Conveyor belt sushi __knowledge__ , literally \"rotation sushi\", also called , is a form of sushi restaurant common in Japan.", "Conveyor belt sushi __knowledge__ In Australasia, it is also known as a sushi train.", "Conveyor belt sushi __knowledge__ Kaiten-zushi is a sushi restaurant where the plates with the sushi are placed on a rotating conveyor belt or moat that winds through the restaurant and moves past every table, counter and seat.", "Conveyor belt sushi __knowledge__ Customers may place special orders, but most simply pick their selections from a steady stream of fresh sushi moving along the conveyor belt.", "Conveyor belt sushi __knowledge__ The final bill is based on the number and type of plates of the consumed sushi.", "Conveyor belt sushi __knowledge__ Some restaurants use a fancier presentation such as miniature wooden \"sushi boats\" traveling small canals or miniature locomotive cars.", "Sushi machine __knowledge__ A sushi machine or sushi robot is a mechanical device that automatically creates various styles of sushi.", "Sushi machine __knowledge__ Several are electrically powered.", "Sushi machine __knowledge__ Some sushi machines produce mounds of sushi rice for creating nigiri.", "Sushi machine __knowledge__ This style of sushi machine may use a hopper that is filled with sushi rice, from where the rice is fed into the machine and the sushi rice mounds are formed and then ejected.", "Sushi machine __knowledge__ After the rice mounds are ejected, sashimi and other ingredients are then manually placed atop them.", "Sushi machine __knowledge__ Some sushi machines can produce sushi rolls, whereby the machine automatically flattens rice into sheets, adds various ingredients such as sashimi, nori (edible seaweed) and vegetables, rolls them up and then slices the rolls into separate pieces.", "Akira Raijin __knowledge__ Trained by former junior heavyweight contender Masanobu Kurisu, Kawabata made his debut in 1998, using the ring name Akira Raijin, working primarily on the Japanese independent circuit.", "Akira Raijin __knowledge__ On August 28, 2004, Raijin debuted for All Japan Pro Wrestling losing to Ryuji Hijikata.", "Akira Raijin __knowledge__ His early years with All Japan would be mostly uneventful which is normal for a new wrestler in a Japanese promotion.", "Akira Raijin __knowledge__ On June 17, 2005, Raijin teamed with Nobukazu Hirai in a tournament to determine the number one conders for the All Asia Tag Team Championship but lost to Katsuhiko Nakajima and Tomoaki Honma.", "Akira Raijin __knowledge__ In November, Raijin and Kohei Suwama participated in the 2005 Real World Tag League but would not pass the round robin stage.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Japanese cuisine encompasses the regional and traditional foods of Japan, which have developed through centuries of social and economic changes.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ The is based on rice with miso soup and other dishes; there is an emphasis on seasonal ingredients.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Side dishes often consist of fish, pickled vegetables, and vegetables cooked in broth.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Seafood is common, often grilled, but also served raw as sashimi or in sushi.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Seafood and vegetables are also deep-fried in a light batter, as tempura.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Apart from rice, staples include noodles, such as soba and udon.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Japan also has many simmered dishes such as fish products in broth called oden, or beef in sukiyaki and nikujaga.", "Gauntlgrym __knowledge__ Gauntlgrym is a fantasy novel by American writer R. A. Salvatore set in the Forgotten Realms campaign setting; it is the first book in the Neverwinter Saga.", "Gauntlgrym __knowledge__ Released in October 2010, it follows the continued adventures of drow elf renegade, Drizzt Do'Urden.", "Gauntlgrym __knowledge__ This story is set 24 years after the end of \"Transitions: The Ghost King\".", "Gauntlgrym __knowledge__ \"Gauntlgrym\" begins in the year 1409, DR in the dwarven complex of Mithral Hall.", "Gauntlgrym __knowledge__ King Bruenor Battlehammer, with Drizzt Do'Urden, sits on his throne and mourns over the loss of his friend Regis and his adoptive daughter Catti-brie nearly 24 years before.", "Gauntlgrym __knowledge__ Both Companions of the Hall were lost to the deadly effects of the Spellplague." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi can be prepared with either brown or white rice.", "Sushi __knowledge__ It is often prepared with raw seafood, but some varieties of sushi use cooked ingredients, and many others are vegetarian.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi is often served with pickled ginger, wasabi, and soy sauce.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Daikon radish is popular as a garnish.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi is often confused with sashimi, a related Japanese dish consisting of thinly sliced raw fish or occasionally meat, and an optional serving of rice.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi originates in a Southeast Asian dish, known today as \"narezushi\" ( – \"salted fish\"), stored in fermented rice for possibly months at a time.", "Sushi __knowledge__ The lacto-fermentation of the rice prevented the fish from spoiling; the rice would be discarded before consumption of the fish.", "Sushi __knowledge__ This early type of sushi became an important source of protein for its Japanese consumers.", "Sushi __knowledge__ The term \"sushi\" comes from an antiquated grammatical form no longer used in other contexts, and literally means \"sour-tasting\"; the overall dish has a sour and umami or savoury taste.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Narezushi still exists as a regional specialty, notably as \"funa-zushi\" from Shiga Prefecture.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Vinegar began to be added to the preparation of narezushi in the Muromachi period (1336–1573) for the sake of enhancing both taste and preservation.", "Soy sauce __knowledge__ Soy sauce (also called soya sauce in British English) is a liquid condiment of Chinese origin, made from a fermented paste of soybeans, roasted grain, brine, and \"Aspergillus oryzae\" or \"Aspergillus sojae\" molds.", "Soy sauce __knowledge__ Soy sauce in its current form was created about 2,200 years ago during the Western Han dynasty of ancient China, and spread throughout East and Southeast Asia where it is used in cooking and as a condiment.", "Soy sauce __knowledge__ Soy sauce (酱油) is considered almost as old as soy paste — a type of fermented paste (Jiang, ) obtained from soybeans — which had appeared during the Western Han dynasty and was listed in the bamboo slips found in the archaeological site Mawangdui.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's Corporation () is the world's largest chain of fast food restaurants, serving around 68 million customers daily in 119 countries.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's traces its origins to a 1940 restaurant in San Bernardino, California.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ After expanding within the United States, McDonald's became an international corporation in 1967, when it opened a location in Richmond, Canada.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ By the end of the 1970s, McDonald's restaurants existed in five of the Earth's seven continents; an African location came in 1992 in Cape Town,South Africa.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ In order to cater to local tastes and culinary traditions, and often in respect of particular laws or religious beliefs, McDonald's offers regionalized versions of its menu among and within different countries.", "Tomato sauce __knowledge__ Tomato sauce (also known as Neapolitan sauce, and referred to in Italy as Salsa di pomodoro) refers to any of a very large number of sauces made primarily from tomatoes, usually to be served as part of a dish (rather than as a condiment).", "Tomato sauce __knowledge__ Tomato sauces are common for meat and vegetables, but they are perhaps best known as sauces for pasta dishes.", "Tomato sauce __knowledge__ Tomatoes have a rich flavor, high liquid content, very soft flesh which breaks down easily, and the right composition to thicken into a sauce when they are cooked (without the need of thickeners such as roux).", "Tomato sauce __knowledge__ All of these qualities make them ideal for simple and appealing sauces.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesian cuisine is one of the most vibrant and colourful cuisines in the world, full of intense flavour.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ It is eclectic and diverse, in part because Indonesia is composed of approximately 6,000 populated islands of the total 17,508 in the world's largest archipelago, with more than 300 ethnic groups calling Indonesia home.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Many regional cuisines exist, often based upon indigenous culture and foreign influences.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia has around 5,350 traditional recipes, with 30 of them considered the most important.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia's cuisine may include rice, noodle and soup dishes in modest local eateries to street-side snacks and top-dollar plates.", "Sweet and sour __knowledge__ Sweet and sour is a generic term that encompasses many styles of sauce, cuisine and cooking methods.", "Sweet and sour __knowledge__ Commonly used in China, it has been used in England since the Middle Ages, and remains popular in Europe and in the Americas.", "Sweet and sour __knowledge__ Some authors say that the original sweet and sour sauce () came from the Chinese province of Hunan, but the sauce in this area is a light vinegar and sugar mixture not resembling what most people, including the Chinese, would call sweet and sour.", "Sweet and sour __knowledge__ Many places in China use a sweet and sour sauce as a dipping sauce for fish and meat, rather than in cooking as is commonly found in westernized Chinese cuisine.", "Fish sauce __knowledge__ Fish sauce is a condiment made from fish coated in salt and fermented for weeks to up to two years.", "Fish sauce __knowledge__ It is used as a staple seasoning in various cuisines in Southeast and East Asia, particularly Burmese, Cambodian, Filipino, Thai, Lao, and Vietnamese cuisines, although it has become embraced globally by chefs and home cooks for its savory umami flavor.", "Fish sauce __knowledge__ Soy sauce is the vegetarian answer to fish sauce, and, where soy has not grown well, fish sauce usually takes its place as a salty all-purpose seasoning.", "Fish sauce __knowledge__ Fish sauce is added to dishes during the cooking process as well as being used as a base in dipping sauces.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ Filipino cuisine (Filipino: \"Lutuing Filipino\" or \"Pagkaing Filipino\") is composed of the cuisines of 135 distinct ethno-linguistic tribes found within the Philippine archipelago, however, majority of mainstream Filipino dishes that compose Filipino cuisine are from the cuisines of the Bikol, Chabakano, Hiligaynon, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Meranaw, Pangasinan, Sebwano (or Bisaya), Tagalog, and Waray ethno-linguistic tribes.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ The style of cooking and the food associated with it have evolved over many centuries from their Austronesian origins (shared with Malaysian and Indonesian cuisines) to a mixed cuisine of Indian, Chinese, Spanish, and American influences, in line with the major waves of influence that had enriched the cultures of the archipelago, as well as others adapted to indigenous ingredients and the local palate.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Japanese cuisine encompasses the regional and traditional foods of Japan, which have developed through centuries of social and economic changes.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ The is based on rice with miso soup and other dishes; there is an emphasis on seasonal ingredients.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Side dishes often consist of fish, pickled vegetables, and vegetables cooked in broth.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Seafood is common, often grilled, but also served raw as sashimi or in sushi.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Seafood and vegetables are also deep-fried in a light batter, as tempura.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Apart from rice, staples include noodles, such as soba and udon.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Japan also has many simmered dishes such as fish products in broth called oden, or beef in sukiyaki and nikujaga.", "Rice __knowledge__ Rice is the seed of the grass species \"Oryza sativa\" (Asian rice) or \"Oryza glaberrima\" (African rice).", "Rice __knowledge__ As a cereal grain, it is the most widely consumed staple food for a large part of the world's human population, especially in Asia.", "Rice __knowledge__ It is the agricultural commodity with the third-highest worldwide production (rice, 741.5 million tonnes in 2014), after sugarcane (1.9 billion tonnes) and maize (1.0 billion tonnes).", "Rice __knowledge__ Since sizable portions of sugarcane and maize crops are used for purposes other than human consumption, rice is the most important grain with regard to human nutrition and caloric intake, providing more than one-fifth of the calories consumed worldwide by humans.", "Japanese rice __knowledge__ Japanese rice refers to a number of short-grain cultivars of Japonica rice including ordinary rice (\"uruchimai\") and glutinous rice (\"mochigome\").", "Japanese rice __knowledge__ Ordinary Japanese rice, or \"uruchimai\" () is the staple of the Japanese diet and consists of short translucent grains.", "Japanese rice __knowledge__ When cooked it has a sticky texture such that it can easily be picked up and eaten with chopsticks.", "Japanese rice __knowledge__ Outside Japan it is sometimes labeled sushi rice, as this is one of its common uses.", "Japanese rice __knowledge__ It is also used to produce sake.", "Japanese rice __knowledge__ Glutinous rice, known in Japan as \"mochigome\" (), is used for making mochi () and special dishes such as sekihan.", "Japanese rice __knowledge__ It is a short-grain rice, and can be distinguished from \"uruchimai\" by its particularly short, round and opaque grains, its greater stickiness when cooked, and firmer and chewier texture.", "Brown rice __knowledge__ Brown rice is whole grain rice, with the inedible outer hull removed; white rice is the same grain with the hull, bran layer and cereal germ removed.", "Brown rice __knowledge__ Red rice, gold rice, and black rice (sometimes known as purple rice) are all whole rices, but with a differently-pigmented outer layer.", "Brown rice __knowledge__ Any type of rice may be eaten whole.", "Brown rice __knowledge__ Whole rice has a mild, nutty flavor, and is chewier.", "Brown rice __knowledge__ Rice plants accumulate arsenic, and there have been concerns over excessive arsenic levels in rice.", "Brown rice __knowledge__ There is more arsenic in the bran, so brown rice contains more arsenic.", "Brown rice __knowledge__ The European Union has introduced regulations on arsenic in rice, but the United States has not.", "History of sushi __knowledge__ The history of sushi began with paddy fields in Southeast Asia, where fish was fermented with salt and rice, after which the rice was discarded.", "History of sushi __knowledge__ The dish is today known as \"narezushi\", and was introduced to Japan around the Yayoi period.", "History of sushi __knowledge__ In the Muromachi period, people began to eat the rice as well as the fish.", "History of sushi __knowledge__ During the Edo period, vinegar rather than fermented rice began to be used.", "History of sushi __knowledge__ In pre-modern times and modern times, it has become a form of fast food strongly associated with Japanese culture.", "History of sushi __knowledge__ The earliest form of sushi, a dish today known as narezushi, has its probable origin with paddy fields along the Mekong river in Southeast Asia.", "Rice cooker __knowledge__ A rice cooker or rice steamer is an automated kitchen appliance designed to boil or steam rice.", "Rice cooker __knowledge__ It consists of a heat source, a cooking bowl, and a thermostat.", "Rice cooker __knowledge__ The thermostat measures the temperature of the cooking bowl and controls the heat.", "Rice cooker __knowledge__ Complex rice cookers may have many more sensors and other components, and may be multipurpose.", "Rice cooker __knowledge__ The term rice cooker formerly applied to non-automated dedicated rice-cooking utensils, which have an ancient history (a ceramic rice steamer dated to 1250 BC is on display in the British Museum).", "Rice cooker __knowledge__ It now applies mostly to automated cookers.", "Rice cooker __knowledge__ Electric rice cookers were developed in Japan, where they are known as pressure cookers ." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi can be prepared with either brown or white rice.", "Sushi __knowledge__ It is often prepared with raw seafood, but some varieties of sushi use cooked ingredients, and many others are vegetarian.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi is often served with pickled ginger, wasabi, and soy sauce.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Daikon radish is popular as a garnish.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi is often confused with sashimi, a related Japanese dish consisting of thinly sliced raw fish or occasionally meat, and an optional serving of rice.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi originates in a Southeast Asian dish, known today as \"narezushi\" ( – \"salted fish\"), stored in fermented rice for possibly months at a time.", "Sushi __knowledge__ The lacto-fermentation of the rice prevented the fish from spoiling; the rice would be discarded before consumption of the fish.", "Sushi __knowledge__ This early type of sushi became an important source of protein for its Japanese consumers.", "Sushi __knowledge__ The term \"sushi\" comes from an antiquated grammatical form no longer used in other contexts, and literally means \"sour-tasting\"; the overall dish has a sour and umami or savoury taste.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Narezushi still exists as a regional specialty, notably as \"funa-zushi\" from Shiga Prefecture.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Vinegar began to be added to the preparation of narezushi in the Muromachi period (1336–1573) for the sake of enhancing both taste and preservation.", "List of Kickin' It characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the characters from the TV series \"Kickin' It\".", "List of Kickin' It characters __knowledge__ Jack Brewer (Leo Howard) is the new kid in town, whose foremost hobbies are martial arts and skateboarding.", "List of Kickin' It characters __knowledge__ He learned karate from his grandfather, who also trained Bobby Wasabi for the latter's movies.", "List of Kickin' It characters __knowledge__ Jack is loyal to his friends and inspires them to give 110%, just as he himself always does.", "List of Kickin' It characters __knowledge__ He cannot stand the scent, or taste, of blue cheese.", "List of Kickin' It characters __knowledge__ Jack also has a phobia of clowns, which he confronted in \"Boo Gi Nights\".", "List of Kickin' It characters __knowledge__ Jack also tends to say \"You probably shouldn't have done that\", whenever someone tries to punch him and he blocks it.", "Wasabi __knowledge__ The origin of wasabi cuisine has been clarified from the oldest historical records; it takes its rise in Nara prefecture, and more recently has seen a surge in popularity from the early 1990s to mid 2000s.", "Wasabi __knowledge__ Wasabi is generally sold either as a stem, which must be very finely grated before use, as dried powder in large quantities, or as a ready-to-use paste in tubes similar to travel toothpaste tubes.", "Wasabi __knowledge__ Because it grows mostly submerged, it is a common misconception to refer to the part used for wasabi as a \"root\" or sometimes even a \"rhizome\": it is in fact the stem of the plant, with the characteristic leaf scar where old leaves fell off or were collected.", "Sashimi __knowledge__ Sashimi (; , ) is a Japanese delicacy consisting of very fresh raw meat or fish sliced into thin pieces.", "Sashimi __knowledge__ The word \"sashimi\" means \"pierced body\", i.e.", "Sashimi __knowledge__ \"刺身\" = \"sashimi\", where 刺し = \"sashi\" (pierced, stuck) and 身 = \"mi\" (body, meat).", "Sashimi __knowledge__ This word dates from the Muromachi period, and was possibly coined when the word \"切る\" = \"kiru\" (cut), the culinary step, was considered too inauspicious to be used by anyone other than samurai.", "Sashimi __knowledge__ This word may derive from the culinary practice of sticking the fish's tail and fin to the slices for the purpose of identifying the fish being eaten.", "Sashimi __knowledge__ Another possibility for the name could come from the traditional method of harvesting.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Japanese cuisine encompasses the regional and traditional foods of Japan, which have developed through centuries of social and economic changes.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ The is based on rice with miso soup and other dishes; there is an emphasis on seasonal ingredients.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Side dishes often consist of fish, pickled vegetables, and vegetables cooked in broth.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Seafood is common, often grilled, but also served raw as sashimi or in sushi.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Seafood and vegetables are also deep-fried in a light batter, as tempura.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Apart from rice, staples include noodles, such as soba and udon.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Japan also has many simmered dishes such as fish products in broth called oden, or beef in sukiyaki and nikujaga.", "Wasabi Anime __knowledge__ Wasabi Anime (also known as Green Mustard Entertainment) is a company that produces events and programming for anime conventions (and other fan conventions) in North America along with their own stand alone conventions.", "Wasabi Anime __knowledge__ Started in 2001 (with the registration of the WasabiAnime.com website) the group started as an anime club before evolving into an LLC in 2007 and then a corporation in 2010.", "Wasabi Anime __knowledge__ As of July 2012, Wasabi Anime has hosted events in California, Florida, Georgia, Indiana, and Las Vegas.", "Wasabi Anime __knowledge__ Wasabi Anime was started by Tom Croom with a group of motivated anime fans shortly after the completion of Anime Festival Orlando II in Kissimmee, Florida.", "List of Japanese condiments __knowledge__ This is a list of Japanese condiments by type.", "List of Japanese condiments __knowledge__ Mirin is an essential condiment used in Japanese cuisine.", "List of Japanese condiments __knowledge__ It is a kind of rice wine similar to sake, but with a lower alcohol content—14% instead of 20%.", "List of Japanese condiments __knowledge__ There are three general types.", "List of Japanese condiments __knowledge__ The first is \"hon mirin\" (lit.", "List of Japanese condiments __knowledge__ true mirin), which contains alcohol.", "List of Japanese condiments __knowledge__ The second is \"shio mirin\", which contains alcohol as well as 1.5% salt to avoid alcohol tax.", "List of Japanese condiments __knowledge__ The third is \"shin mirin\" (lit.", "List of Japanese condiments __knowledge__ new mirin), or \"mirin-fu chomiryo\" (lit.", "List of Japanese condiments __knowledge__ mirin-like seasoning), which contains less than 1% alcohol yet retains the same flavour.", "List of Japanese condiments __knowledge__ Rice vinegar is a very mild and mellow vinegar and ranges in colour from colourless to pale yellow.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ Filipino cuisine (Filipino: \"Lutuing Filipino\" or \"Pagkaing Filipino\") is composed of the cuisines of 135 distinct ethno-linguistic tribes found within the Philippine archipelago, however, majority of mainstream Filipino dishes that compose Filipino cuisine are from the cuisines of the Bikol, Chabakano, Hiligaynon, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Meranaw, Pangasinan, Sebwano (or Bisaya), Tagalog, and Waray ethno-linguistic tribes.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ The style of cooking and the food associated with it have evolved over many centuries from their Austronesian origins (shared with Malaysian and Indonesian cuisines) to a mixed cuisine of Indian, Chinese, Spanish, and American influences, in line with the major waves of influence that had enriched the cultures of the archipelago, as well as others adapted to indigenous ingredients and the local palate.", "Soy sauce __knowledge__ Soy sauce (also called soya sauce in British English) is a liquid condiment of Chinese origin, made from a fermented paste of soybeans, roasted grain, brine, and \"Aspergillus oryzae\" or \"Aspergillus sojae\" molds.", "Soy sauce __knowledge__ Soy sauce in its current form was created about 2,200 years ago during the Western Han dynasty of ancient China, and spread throughout East and Southeast Asia where it is used in cooking and as a condiment.", "Soy sauce __knowledge__ Soy sauce (酱油) is considered almost as old as soy paste — a type of fermented paste (Jiang, ) obtained from soybeans — which had appeared during the Western Han dynasty and was listed in the bamboo slips found in the archaeological site Mawangdui.", "Tofu __knowledge__ Tofu, also known as bean curd, is a food cultivated by coagulating soy milk and then pressing the resulting curds into soft white blocks.", "Tofu __knowledge__ It is a component in East Asian and Southeast Asian cuisines.", "Tofu __knowledge__ Tofu can be soft, firm, or extra firm.", "Tofu __knowledge__ Tofu has a subtle flavor and can be used in savory and sweet dishes.", "Tofu __knowledge__ It is often seasoned or marinated to suit the dish.", "Tofu __knowledge__ Tofu has a low calorie count and relatively large amounts of protein.", "Tofu __knowledge__ It is high in iron, and it can have a high calcium or magnesium content, depending on the coagulants used in manufacturing (e.g.", "Tofu __knowledge__ calcium chloride, calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi can be prepared with either brown or white rice.", "Sushi __knowledge__ It is often prepared with raw seafood, but some varieties of sushi use cooked ingredients, and many others are vegetarian.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi is often served with pickled ginger, wasabi, and soy sauce.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Daikon radish is popular as a garnish.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi is often confused with sashimi, a related Japanese dish consisting of thinly sliced raw fish or occasionally meat, and an optional serving of rice.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi originates in a Southeast Asian dish, known today as \"narezushi\" ( – \"salted fish\"), stored in fermented rice for possibly months at a time.", "Sushi __knowledge__ The lacto-fermentation of the rice prevented the fish from spoiling; the rice would be discarded before consumption of the fish.", "Sushi __knowledge__ This early type of sushi became an important source of protein for its Japanese consumers.", "Sushi __knowledge__ The term \"sushi\" comes from an antiquated grammatical form no longer used in other contexts, and literally means \"sour-tasting\"; the overall dish has a sour and umami or savoury taste.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Narezushi still exists as a regional specialty, notably as \"funa-zushi\" from Shiga Prefecture.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Vinegar began to be added to the preparation of narezushi in the Muromachi period (1336–1573) for the sake of enhancing both taste and preservation.", "History of sushi __knowledge__ The history of sushi began with paddy fields in Southeast Asia, where fish was fermented with salt and rice, after which the rice was discarded.", "History of sushi __knowledge__ The dish is today known as \"narezushi\", and was introduced to Japan around the Yayoi period.", "History of sushi __knowledge__ In the Muromachi period, people began to eat the rice as well as the fish.", "History of sushi __knowledge__ During the Edo period, vinegar rather than fermented rice began to be used.", "History of sushi __knowledge__ In pre-modern times and modern times, it has become a form of fast food strongly associated with Japanese culture.", "History of sushi __knowledge__ The earliest form of sushi, a dish today known as narezushi, has its probable origin with paddy fields along the Mekong river in Southeast Asia.", "Cucurbita __knowledge__ Cucurbita (Latin for gourd) is a genus of herbaceous vines in the gourd family, Cucurbitaceae, also known as cucurbits, native to the Andes and Mesoamerica.", "Cucurbita __knowledge__ Five species are grown worldwide for their edible fruit, variously known as squash, pumpkin, or gourd depending on species, variety, and local parlance, and for their seeds.", "Cucurbita __knowledge__ Other kinds of gourd, also called bottle-gourds, are native to Africa and belong to the genus \"Lagenaria\", which is in the same family and subfamily as \"Cucurbita\" but in a different tribe.", "Cucurbita __knowledge__ These other gourds are used as utensils or vessels, and their young fruits are eaten much like those of Cucurbita species.", "Stomach disease __knowledge__ Stomach diseases (or gastropathy) include gastritis, gastroparesis, diarrhea, Crohn's disease and various cancers.", "Stomach disease __knowledge__ The stomach is an important organ in the body.", "Stomach disease __knowledge__ It plays a vital role in digestion of foods, releases various enzymes and also protects the lower intestine from harmful organisms.", "Stomach disease __knowledge__ The stomach connects to the esophagus above and to the small intestine below.", "Stomach disease __knowledge__ It is intricately related to the pancreas, spleen and liver.", "Stomach disease __knowledge__ The stomach does vary in size but its J shape is constant.", "Stomach disease __knowledge__ The stomach lies in the upper part of the abdomen just below the left rib cage.", "Stomach disease __knowledge__ Examples including the name gastropathy include portal hypertensive gastropathy and Ménétrier's disease, also known as \"hyperplastic hypersecretory gastropathy\".", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Japanese cuisine encompasses the regional and traditional foods of Japan, which have developed through centuries of social and economic changes.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ The is based on rice with miso soup and other dishes; there is an emphasis on seasonal ingredients.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Side dishes often consist of fish, pickled vegetables, and vegetables cooked in broth.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Seafood is common, often grilled, but also served raw as sashimi or in sushi.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Seafood and vegetables are also deep-fried in a light batter, as tempura.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Apart from rice, staples include noodles, such as soba and udon.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Japan also has many simmered dishes such as fish products in broth called oden, or beef in sukiyaki and nikujaga.", "Azaspiracid __knowledge__ Azaspiracids (AZA) are a group of polycyclic ether marine algal toxins produced by the small dinoflagellate \"Azadinium spinosum\" that can accumulate in humans causing illnesses.", "Azaspiracid __knowledge__ Azaspiracid was first identified in the 1990s following an outbreak of human illness in the Netherlands that was associated with ingestion of contaminated shellfish originating from Killary Harbour, Ireland.", "Azaspiracid __knowledge__ To date, over 20 AZA analogues have been identified in phytoplankton and shellfish.", "Azaspiracid __knowledge__ Over the last 15 years, AZAs have been reported in shellfish from many coastal regions of western Europe, Northern Africa, South America, and North America.", "Sugar Ray Leonard __knowledge__ Ray Charles Leonard (born May 17, 1956), best known as \"Sugar\" Ray Leonard, is an American former professional boxer, motivational speaker, and occasional actor.", "Sugar Ray Leonard __knowledge__ Often regarded as one of the greatest boxers of all time, he competed from 1977 to 1997, winning world titles in five weight divisions; the lineal championship in three weight divisions; as well as the undisputed welterweight title.", "Sugar Ray Leonard __knowledge__ Leonard was part of \"The Fabulous Four\", a group of boxers who all fought each other throughout the 1980s, consisting of himself, Roberto Durán, Thomas Hearns and Marvin Hagler.", "Sugar Ray Leonard __knowledge__ \"The Fabulous Four\" created a wave of popularity in the lower weight classes that kept boxing relevant in the post-Muhammad Ali era, during which Leonard defeated future fellow International Boxing Hall of Fame inductees Hearns, Durán, Hagler, and Wilfred Benítez.", "Ceviche __knowledge__ Ceviche () is a seafood dish popular in the coastal regions of Latin America and the Caribbean.", "Ceviche __knowledge__ Though the origin of ceviche is hotly debated, the dish is most closely associated with Peru.", "Ceviche __knowledge__ It is typically made from fresh raw fish cured in citrus juices, such as lemon or lime, and spiced with \"ají\" or chili peppers.", "Ceviche __knowledge__ Additional seasonings, such as chopped onions, salt, and cilantro, may also be added.", "Ceviche __knowledge__ Ceviche is usually accompanied by side dishes that complement its flavors, such as sweet potato, lettuce, corn, avocado or plantain.", "Ceviche __knowledge__ As the dish is not cooked with heat, it must be prepared and consumed fresh to minimize the risk of food poisoning.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ Filipino cuisine (Filipino: \"Lutuing Filipino\" or \"Pagkaing Filipino\") is composed of the cuisines of 135 distinct ethno-linguistic tribes found within the Philippine archipelago, however, majority of mainstream Filipino dishes that compose Filipino cuisine are from the cuisines of the Bikol, Chabakano, Hiligaynon, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Meranaw, Pangasinan, Sebwano (or Bisaya), Tagalog, and Waray ethno-linguistic tribes.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ The style of cooking and the food associated with it have evolved over many centuries from their Austronesian origins (shared with Malaysian and Indonesian cuisines) to a mixed cuisine of Indian, Chinese, Spanish, and American influences, in line with the major waves of influence that had enriched the cultures of the archipelago, as well as others adapted to indigenous ingredients and the local palate.", "Raw bar __knowledge__ A raw bar is a small restaurant or a bar within a restaurant where live raw shellfish are shucked and served.", "Raw bar __knowledge__ Raw bars typically offer a variety of raw and cooked seafood and shellfish that is served cold.", "Raw bar __knowledge__ Seafood-based dishes may also be proferred, and additional, non-seafood foods may also be part of the fare.", "Raw bar __knowledge__ Raw bars may offer alcoholic beverages such as oyster shooters, as well as wine and sake that is paired with various foods.", "Raw bar __knowledge__ Additional accompaniments may include condiments, sauces and foods such as lemon and lime.", "Raw bar __knowledge__ Several restaurants in the United States offer raw bars, some of which are seasonal.", "Sashimi __knowledge__ Sashimi (; , ) is a Japanese delicacy consisting of very fresh raw meat or fish sliced into thin pieces.", "Sashimi __knowledge__ The word \"sashimi\" means \"pierced body\", i.e.", "Sashimi __knowledge__ \"刺身\" = \"sashimi\", where 刺し = \"sashi\" (pierced, stuck) and 身 = \"mi\" (body, meat).", "Sashimi __knowledge__ This word dates from the Muromachi period, and was possibly coined when the word \"切る\" = \"kiru\" (cut), the culinary step, was considered too inauspicious to be used by anyone other than samurai.", "Sashimi __knowledge__ This word may derive from the culinary practice of sticking the fish's tail and fin to the slices for the purpose of identifying the fish being eaten.", "Sashimi __knowledge__ Another possibility for the name could come from the traditional method of harvesting." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi can be prepared with either brown or white rice.", "Sushi __knowledge__ It is often prepared with raw seafood, but some varieties of sushi use cooked ingredients, and many others are vegetarian.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi is often served with pickled ginger, wasabi, and soy sauce.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Daikon radish is popular as a garnish.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi is often confused with sashimi, a related Japanese dish consisting of thinly sliced raw fish or occasionally meat, and an optional serving of rice.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi originates in a Southeast Asian dish, known today as \"narezushi\" ( – \"salted fish\"), stored in fermented rice for possibly months at a time.", "Sushi __knowledge__ The lacto-fermentation of the rice prevented the fish from spoiling; the rice would be discarded before consumption of the fish.", "Sushi __knowledge__ This early type of sushi became an important source of protein for its Japanese consumers.", "Sushi __knowledge__ The term \"sushi\" comes from an antiquated grammatical form no longer used in other contexts, and literally means \"sour-tasting\"; the overall dish has a sour and umami or savoury taste.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Narezushi still exists as a regional specialty, notably as \"funa-zushi\" from Shiga Prefecture.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Vinegar began to be added to the preparation of narezushi in the Muromachi period (1336–1573) for the sake of enhancing both taste and preservation.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Yes and no, or word pairs with a similar usage , are expressions of the affirmative and the negative, respectively, in several languages including English.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages make distinction between answers to affirmative versus negative questions, thus may have triplet or quadruplets of words instead.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ English originally used a four-form system up to and including Early Middle English but Modern English has reduced this to a two-form system consisting of just 'yes' and 'no'.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ It exists in eye blink communication, Morse Code, sign language, and maybe in color coded flag communication.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages do not answer yes–no questions with single words meaning 'yes' or 'no'.", "Yes Oh __knowledge__ Yes Oh (styled as yes Oh) is an Israeli television channel carried by the Israeli satellite television provider - \"yes\", which broadcasts newer American and British TV Shows from HBO, AMC, Showtime, Starz and FX in Midnights.", "Yes Oh __knowledge__ The channel began airing on January 21, 2012, on channel 14, replacing \"yes Real\" \"yes Oh\" airs all of its schedule in High Definition simulcast on yes Oh HD on channel 14.", "Yes Oh __knowledge__ On January 17, 2010, \"yes\" launched the channel Yes Next (styled as yes Next and formerly called \"yes stars Next\"), which broadcast American, British and Israeli TV shows from all genres.", "Yes Oh __knowledge__ The concept of the channel was to air shows approaching to the younger demographics.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ Religious debates over the \"Harry Potter\" series of books by J. K. Rowling are based on claims that the novels contain occult or Satanic subtexts.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ A number of Protestant, Catholic, and Orthodox Christians have argued against the series, as have some Shia and Sunni Muslims.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ Supporters of the series have said that the magic in \"Harry Potter\" bears little resemblance to occultism, being more in the vein of fairy tales such as \"Cinderella\" and \"Snow White\", or to the works of C. S. Lewis and J. R. R. Tolkien, both of whom are known for writing fantasy novels with Christian subtexts.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ Far from promoting a particular religion, some argue, the \"Harry Potter\" novels go out of their way to avoid discussing religion at all.", "John Mitchel __knowledge__ John Mitchel (; 3 November 1815 – 20 March 1875) was an Irish nationalist activist, author, and political journalist.", "John Mitchel __knowledge__ Born in Camnish, near Dungiven, County Londonderry and reared in Newry, he became a leading member of both Young Ireland and the Irish Confederation.", "John Mitchel __knowledge__ He was transported to Van Diemens Land and but later escaped to the United States in the 1850s, he became a pro-slavery editorial voice.", "John Mitchel __knowledge__ Mitchel supported the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War, and two of his sons died fighting for the Confederate cause.", "John Mitchel __knowledge__ He was elected to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom in 1875, but was disqualified because he was a convicted felon.", "Numbertime __knowledge__ Numbertime is a BBC educational numeracy television series for primary schools that was aired on BBC Two from 20 September 1993 to 3 December 2001.", "Numbertime __knowledge__ For its first four series, it was presented by Lolita Chakrabarti.", "Numbertime __knowledge__ El Nombre, an animated character from \"Numbertime\", eventually became the concept for another educational BBC children's television program; his name means \"The Name\" in Spanish, and not \"The Number\", which would be \"El Número\".", "Numbertime __knowledge__ The third line of his opening song and his farewell catchphrase were also changed several times during the series' run, to reflect their focus - however, the original ones (\"Writing numbers in the desert sand\" which was also used for the seventh series, and \"Adios amigos, and keep counting\" which was also used for the fourth, sixth, seventh, eighth and ninth series) remain the most famous.", "Lorenzo Scott __knowledge__ Lorenzo Scott was born in 1934 in West Point, Georgia.", "Lorenzo Scott __knowledge__ Scott is a contemporary self-taught artist whose work began to be recognized in the United States in the late 1980s.", "Lorenzo Scott __knowledge__ Lorenzo Scott was born on July 23, 1934 in the small, bustling mill village and railroad hub of West Point, Georgia.", "Lorenzo Scott __knowledge__ When his mother, who worked in the fields supplying cotton to the local mills, lost her job during the Depression, the family moved to Atlanta in search of work.", "Lorenzo Scott __knowledge__ One of eleven children, Lorenzo tells of a time in his youth when he first saw his mother make a sketch, and knew even at an early age that he wanted to be able to draw like that.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters for the British television and radio sketch show \"Little Britain\" (and its American spin-off, \"Little Britain USA\").", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played By: David Walliams Appearances: Season 3 Alan works for the Donkey Hospice in the town of Achingballs.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ After contributors give him some money, he blatantly places stickers on embarrassing body parts, such as the genital region or breasts and on someone's rear in a deleted scene.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ He makes one appearance in Series 3.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played by: David Walliams Episodes: Radio Show; Season 1, episodes 4 and 5 Catchphrase: \"I love you Anne\" and \"I need you Anne\" Peter Andre is a royal BBC correspondent who gets sacked after first making surreal and false claims about the Royal Family (such as Prince Charles having magical powers, describing The Queen as \"The Main One\" and mistaking Princess Eugenie for her mother, Sarah, Duchess of York) and then expressing his love for Princess Anne through song.", "Sashimi __knowledge__ Sashimi (; , ) is a Japanese delicacy consisting of very fresh raw meat or fish sliced into thin pieces.", "Sashimi __knowledge__ The word \"sashimi\" means \"pierced body\", i.e.", "Sashimi __knowledge__ \"刺身\" = \"sashimi\", where 刺し = \"sashi\" (pierced, stuck) and 身 = \"mi\" (body, meat).", "Sashimi __knowledge__ This word dates from the Muromachi period, and was possibly coined when the word \"切る\" = \"kiru\" (cut), the culinary step, was considered too inauspicious to be used by anyone other than samurai.", "Sashimi __knowledge__ This word may derive from the culinary practice of sticking the fish's tail and fin to the slices for the purpose of identifying the fish being eaten.", "Sashimi __knowledge__ Another possibility for the name could come from the traditional method of harvesting.", "Kuai (dish) __knowledge__ Kuai was a Chinese dish consisting of finely cut strips of raw fish or meat, which was popular and commonly eaten in the early Chinese dynasties.", "Kuai (dish) __knowledge__ According to the \"Book of Rites\" compiled between 202 BC and 220 AD, \"kuai\" consists of small thin slices or strips of raw meat, which are prepared by first thinly slicing the meat and then cutting the thin slices into strips.", "Kuai (dish) __knowledge__ In modern times, the dishes are more often referred to as \"raw fish slices\" () or as \"yusheng\" ().", "Kuai (dish) __knowledge__ The type of fish commonly used in ancient times included carp (鯉) and mandarin fish (鳜), while in modern times salmon (鮭) is commonly used.", "Donburi __knowledge__ The simmering sauce varies according to season, ingredients, region, and taste.", "Donburi __knowledge__ A typical sauce might consist of \"dashi\" flavored with soy sauce and mirin.", "Donburi __knowledge__ Proportions vary, but there is normally three to four times as much dashi as soy sauce and mirin.", "Donburi __knowledge__ For \"oyakodon\", Tsuji (1980) recommends dashi flavored with light soy sauce, dark soy sauce, and sugar.", "Donburi __knowledge__ For \"gyūdon\", Tsuji recommends water flavored with dark soy sauce and mirin.", "Donburi __knowledge__ Donburi can be made from almost any ingredients, including leftovers.", "Donburi __knowledge__ Traditional Japanese donburi include the following: Gyūdon, literally beef bowl, is a Japanese dish consisting of a bowl of rice topped with beef and onion simmered in a mildly sweet sauce flavored with dashi (fish and seaweed stock), soy sauce and mirin (sweet rice wine).", "Shiso __knowledge__ Perilla frutescens var.", "Shiso __knowledge__ \"crispa\", also called shiso (, from Japanese ) is a variety of species \"Perilla frutescens\" of the genus \"Perilla\", belonging to the mint family, Lamiaceae.", "Shiso __knowledge__ Shiso is a perennial plant that may be cultivated as an annual in temperate climates.", "Shiso __knowledge__ The plant occurs in red (purple-leaved) and green-leaved forms.", "Shiso __knowledge__ There are also frilly ruffled-leaved forms, called \"chirimen-jiso\", and forms that are red only on top, called \"katamen-jiso\".", "Shiso __knowledge__ This herb was previously known as the \"beefsteak plant\", a mostly obsolete name.", "Shiso __knowledge__ It is sometimes referred to by its genus name, \"Perilla\", which is ambiguous, as the name also includes the \"Perilla frutescens\", which is a different culinary cultigen.", "Hoe (food) __knowledge__ Hoe () refers to several varieties of raw food dishes in Korean cuisine.", "Hoe (food) __knowledge__ There are uncooked \"hoe\" () as well as blanched \"sukhoe\" ().", "Hoe (food) __knowledge__ \"Hoe\" (), the raw fish or meat dish, can be divided into \"saengseon-hoe\" (), filleted raw fish, and \"yukhoe\" (), sliced raw meat.", "Hoe (food) __knowledge__ \"Saengseon-hoe\" () can be either \"hwareo-hoe\" () made from freshly killed fish, or \"seoneo-hoe\" () made using aged fish.", "Hoe (food) __knowledge__ \"Mulhoe\" () is a cold raw fish soup.", "Hoe (food) __knowledge__ \"Sukhoe\" () is a blanched fish, seafood, meat, or vegetable dish.", "Hoe (food) __knowledge__ \"Ganghoe\" () is a dish of rolled and tied ribbons made with blanched vegetables such as water dropworts and scallions.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Japanese cuisine encompasses the regional and traditional foods of Japan, which have developed through centuries of social and economic changes.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ The is based on rice with miso soup and other dishes; there is an emphasis on seasonal ingredients.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Side dishes often consist of fish, pickled vegetables, and vegetables cooked in broth.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Seafood is common, often grilled, but also served raw as sashimi or in sushi.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Seafood and vegetables are also deep-fried in a light batter, as tempura.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Apart from rice, staples include noodles, such as soba and udon.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Japan also has many simmered dishes such as fish products in broth called oden, or beef in sukiyaki and nikujaga." ] ]

[ 2, 3, 2, 5, 8 ]

[ "yea sushi can be prepared with either brown or white rice", "it is often served with pickled ginger, wasabi, or soy sauce", "it is often prepared with raw seafood, but some people used cooked sushi", "some people confuse sushi sashimi, a related japanese dish consisting of thinly sliced raw fish", "sushi became an important source of protein for its japanese consumers" ]

[ "Sushi", "Sushi", "Sushi", "Sushi", "Sushi" ]

[ "Environmental engineering\nI am actually an environmental engineer! I just got my master's.", "Water and sanitation are also very important fields", "That's an incredibly important bill by the EPA", "Water pollution can be very nasty. Good thing we have been able to prevent problems, for the most part", "Yes we are. Hopefully they last this presidency" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ Environmental engineering is the branch of engineering concerned with the application of scientific and engineering principles for protection of human populations from the effects of adverse environmental factors; protection of environments, both local and global, from potentially deleterious effects of natural and human activities; and improvement of environmental quality.", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ Environmental engineering can also be described as a branch of applied science and technology that addresses the issues of energy preservation, protection of assets and control of waste from human and animal activities.", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ Furthermore, it is concerned with finding plausible solutions in the field of public health, such as waterborne diseases, implementing laws which promote adequate sanitation in urban, rural and recreational areas.", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ It involves waste water management, air pollution control, recycling, waste disposal, radiation protection, industrial hygiene, animal agriculture, environmental sustainability, public health and environmental engineering law.", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ It also includes studies on the environmental impact of proposed construction projects.", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ Environmental engineers study the effect of technological advances on the environment.", "Jeffrey W. Talley __knowledge__ Lieutenant General Jeffrey W. Talley was the 32nd Chief of Army Reserve (CAR) and 7th Commanding General, United States Army Reserve Command (USARC), from June 2012 to June 2016.", "Jeffrey W. Talley __knowledge__ Talley was responsible for leading an organization of approximately 215,000 Soldiers and civilians, 135 general officers and senior executives, 1100 reserve centers and training facilities, six installations, and equipment inventories valued at over $39 billion.", "Jeffrey W. Talley __knowledge__ Talley relinquished command on June 1, 2016.", "Jeffrey W. Talley __knowledge__ Talley has over 34 years of global experiences in the private, public and academic sectors, coupled with periods of active and reserve military service as a Citizen-Soldier.", "Michael J. McGuire __knowledge__ Michael John McGuire (born 1947) is an environmental engineer and writer whose career has focused on drinking water quality improvement.", "Michael J. McGuire __knowledge__ He has been recognized for his expertise in the control of trace organic and inorganic contaminants and microbial pathogens in water.", "Michael J. McGuire __knowledge__ He is also known for his work in the identification, control and treatment of taste and odor problems in drinking water.", "Michael J. McGuire __knowledge__ He has published numerous articles in professional journals and he has been the co-editor of five books and compilations of articles.", "Michael J. McGuire __knowledge__ He published a book that documented the first continuous disinfection of a drinking water supply in the U.S.", "Rachel Carson __knowledge__ Rachel Louise Carson (May 27, 1907 – April 14, 1964) was an American marine biologist, author, and conservationist whose book \"Silent Spring\" and other writings are credited with advancing the global environmental movement.", "Rachel Carson __knowledge__ Carson began her career as an aquatic biologist in the U.S. Bureau of Fisheries, and became a full-time nature writer in the 1950s.", "Rachel Carson __knowledge__ Her widely praised 1951 bestseller \"The Sea Around Us\" won her a U.S. National Book Award, recognition as a gifted writer, and financial security.", "Rachel Carson __knowledge__ Her next book, \"The Edge of the Sea\", and the reissued version of her first book, \"Under the Sea Wind\", were also bestsellers.", "Domenico Grasso __knowledge__ Dr. Domenico Grasso (b.", "Domenico Grasso __knowledge__ 1955 Worcester, Massachusetts) is Provost of the University of Delaware (UD).", "Domenico Grasso __knowledge__ Prior to holding this position, he was Vice President for Research and Dean of the Graduate College at the University of Vermont (UVM).", "Domenico Grasso __knowledge__ He did his secondary school education at St. John's High School (Massachusetts) and holds a B.Sc.", "Domenico Grasso __knowledge__ from Worcester Polytechnic Institute, an M.S.", "Domenico Grasso __knowledge__ from Purdue University and a Ph.D. from the University of Michigan.", "Domenico Grasso __knowledge__ He is a registered Professional Engineer in the states of Connecticut and Texas, and a Diplomate of the American Academy of Environmental Engineers.", "Domenico Grasso __knowledge__ He is currently Editor-in-Chief of the journal \"Environmental Engineering Science\" and has served as Vice-Chair of the United States Environmental Protection Agency Science Advisory Board (SAB), President of the Association of Environmental Engineering and Science Professors (AEESP) and Associate Editor of \"Reviews in Environmental Science and Biotechnology\".", "Triantafyllos Vaitsis __knowledge__ Triantafyllos Vaitsis (Sarantaporo, Larisa, Greece, 16 February 1976) is an artist.", "Triantafyllos Vaitsis __knowledge__ Triantafyllos Vaitsis, studied Environmental Engineering at Democritus University of Thrace.", "Triantafyllos Vaitsis __knowledge__ He started working as an environmental engineer in 2003.", "Triantafyllos Vaitsis __knowledge__ Since his early childhood he has been involved with different kinds of art at an amateur level such as painting, woodcarving, construction wire, theater and poetry.", "Triantafyllos Vaitsis __knowledge__ In 2008 he discovered Trash Art.", "Triantafyllos Vaitsis __knowledge__ Fascinated by it and seeking various techniques in order to deepen it, he came across a \"Shadow Sculpture\" (Shadow Art).", "Triantafyllos Vaitsis __knowledge__ Since then he has been making sculptures of Shadow.", "Laura J. Mixon __knowledge__ Laura J. Mixon (born December 8, 1957) is an American science fiction writer and a chemical and environmental engineer.", "Laura J. Mixon __knowledge__ In 2011, she began publishing under the pen name Morgan J. Locke.", "Laura J. Mixon __knowledge__ Under that name, she is one of the writers for the group blog \"Eat Our Brains\".", "Laura J. Mixon __knowledge__ Mixon writes about the impact of technology and environmental changes on personal identity and social structures.", "Laura J. Mixon __knowledge__ Her work has been the focus of academic studies on the intersection of technology, feminism, and gender.", "Laura J. Mixon __knowledge__ She has also experimented with interactive storytelling, in collaboration with game designer Chris Crawford.", "Laura J. Mixon __knowledge__ She won the 2015 Hugo Award for Best Fan Writer for her reporting about the online activities of fellow writer Benjanun Sriduangkaew.", "Germán García Durán __knowledge__ Germán García Durán is a Colombian Civil and Environmental Engineer, graduated from the universities of Los Andes in Bogota, Colombia, and Notre Dame in South Bend, IN, USA.", "Germán García Durán __knowledge__ After being a consultant in Colombia and the United States and a university professor in Colombia, he twice served as Ambassador of Colombia to Kenya.", "Germán García Durán __knowledge__ During his diplomatic mission, García, who is an environmental engineer and had been General Manager of the National Institute of Renewable Natural Resources and Environment prior to his appointment, pursued global environmental policies as Permanent Representative to the United Nations Office at Nairobi which includes the United Nations Environment Programme, and UN-HABITAT." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ Environmental engineering is the branch of engineering concerned with the application of scientific and engineering principles for protection of human populations from the effects of adverse environmental factors; protection of environments, both local and global, from potentially deleterious effects of natural and human activities; and improvement of environmental quality.", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ Environmental engineering can also be described as a branch of applied science and technology that addresses the issues of energy preservation, protection of assets and control of waste from human and animal activities.", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ Furthermore, it is concerned with finding plausible solutions in the field of public health, such as waterborne diseases, implementing laws which promote adequate sanitation in urban, rural and recreational areas.", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ It involves waste water management, air pollution control, recycling, waste disposal, radiation protection, industrial hygiene, animal agriculture, environmental sustainability, public health and environmental engineering law.", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ It also includes studies on the environmental impact of proposed construction projects.", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ Environmental engineers study the effect of technological advances on the environment.", "Sanitation __knowledge__ Sanitation refers to public health conditions related to clean drinking water and adequate treatment and disposal of human excreta and sewage.", "Sanitation __knowledge__ Preventing human contact with feces is part of sanitation, as is hand washing with soap.", "Sanitation __knowledge__ Sanitation system aim to protect human health by providing a clean environment that will stop the transmission of disease, especially through the fecal-oral route.", "Sanitation __knowledge__ For example, diarrhea, a main cause of malnutrition and stunted growth in children, can be reduced through sanitation.", "Sanitation __knowledge__ There are many other diseases which are easily transmitted in communities that have low levels of sanitation, such as ascariasis (a type of intestinal worm infection or helminthiasis), cholera, hepatitis, polio, schistosomiasis, trachoma, to name just a few.", "Water supply and sanitation in Indonesia __knowledge__ Water supply and sanitation in Indonesia is characterized by poor levels of access and service quality.", "Water supply and sanitation in Indonesia __knowledge__ Over 40 million people lack access to an improved water source and more than 110 million of the country’s 240 million population has no access to improved sanitation.", "Water supply and sanitation in Indonesia __knowledge__ Only about 2% of people have access to sewerage in urban areas; this is one of the lowest in the world among middle-income countries.", "Water supply and sanitation in Indonesia __knowledge__ Water pollution is widespread on Bali and Java.", "Water supply and sanitation in Indonesia __knowledge__ Women in Jakarta report spending US$11 per month on boiling water, implying a significant burden for the poor.", "Water supply and sanitation in Indonesia __knowledge__ The estimated level of public investment of only US$2 per capita a year in 2005 was insufficient to expand services significantly and to properly maintain assets.", "Water supply and sanitation in India __knowledge__ Drinking water supply and sanitation in India continue to be inadequate, despite longstanding efforts by the various levels of government and communities at improving coverage.", "Water supply and sanitation in India __knowledge__ The level of investment in water and sanitation, albeit low by international standards, has increased in size during the 2000s.For example, in 1980 rural sanitation coverage was estimated at 1% and reached 21% in 2008.", "Water supply and sanitation in India __knowledge__ Also, the share of Indians with access to improved sources of water has increased significantly from 72% in 1990 to 88% in 2008.", "Water supply and sanitation in India __knowledge__ At the same time, local government institutions in charge of operating and maintaining the infrastructure are seen as weak and lack the financial resources to carry out their functions.", "Water supply and sanitation in Kenya __knowledge__ Water supply and sanitation in Kenya is characterised by low levels of access to water and sanitation, in particular in urban slums and in rural areas, as well as poor service quality in the form of intermittent water supply.", "Water supply and sanitation in Kenya __knowledge__ Seasonal and regional water scarcity exacerbates the difficulty to improve water supply.", "Water supply and sanitation in Kenya __knowledge__ The Kenyan water sector underwent far-reaching reforms through the Water Act No.", "Water supply and sanitation in Kenya __knowledge__ 8 of 2002.", "Water supply and sanitation in Kenya __knowledge__ Previously service provision had been the responsibility of a single National Water Conservation and Pipeline Corporation as well as of a few local utilities established since 1996.", "Water supply and sanitation in Kenya __knowledge__ After the passage of the act service provision was gradually decentralised to 91 local Water Service Providers (WSPs).", "Water supply and sanitation in Tanzania __knowledge__ Water supply and sanitation in Tanzania is characterised by: decreasing access to at least basic water sources in the 2000s (especially in urban areas), steady access to some form of sanitation (around 93% since the 1990s), intermittent water supply and generally low quality of service.", "Water supply and sanitation in Tanzania __knowledge__ Many utilities are barely able to cover their operation and maintenance costs through revenues due to low tariffs and poor efficiency.", "Water supply and sanitation in Tanzania __knowledge__ There are significant regional differences and the best performing utilities are Arusha and Tanga.", "Water supply and sanitation in Tanzania __knowledge__ The Government of Tanzania has embarked on a major sector reform process since 2002.", "Water supply and sanitation in Brazil __knowledge__ Access to at least basic water increased from 94% to 97% between 2000 and 2015; an increase in access to at least basic sanitation from 73% to 86% in the same period; Brazil has a national system to finance water and sanitation infrastructure; [a high level of cost recovery compared to most other developing countries.", "Water supply and sanitation in Brazil __knowledge__ A high number of poor Brazilians live in urban slums (favela) and in rural areas without access to piped water or sanitation.", "Water supply and sanitation in Brazil __knowledge__ Water is scarce in the northeast of Brazil.", "Water supply and sanitation in Brazil __knowledge__ Water pollution is common, especially in the southeast of the country.", "Water supply and sanitation in Brazil __knowledge__ Brazil has a low share of collected wastewater that is being treated (35% in 2000), and long-standing tensions between the federal, state and municipal governments about their respective roles in the sector.", "Water supply and sanitation in South Africa __knowledge__ Water supply and sanitation in South Africa is characterised by both achievements and challenges.", "Water supply and sanitation in South Africa __knowledge__ After the end of Apartheid South Africa's newly elected government struggled with the then growing service and backlogs with respect to access to water supply and sanitation developed.", "Water supply and sanitation in South Africa __knowledge__ The government thus made a strong commitment to high service standards and to high levels of investment subsidies to achieve those standards.", "Water supply and sanitation in South Africa __knowledge__ Since then, the country has made some progress with regard to improving access to water supply: It reached universal access to an improved water source in urban areas, and in rural areas the share of those with access increased from 66% to 79% from 1990 to 2010.", "1966 New York City smog __knowledge__ The 1966 New York City smog was an air-pollution event, with damaging levels of carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, smoke, and haze.", "1966 New York City smog __knowledge__ Smog covered the city from November23 to 26, which was that year's Thanksgiving holiday weekend.", "1966 New York City smog __knowledge__ It was the third major smog in New York City, and followed events of similar scale in 1953 and 1963.", "1966 New York City smog __knowledge__ On November 23, a large mass of stagnant air over the East Coast trapped pollutants in the city's air.", "1966 New York City smog __knowledge__ For three days, New York City had high levels of carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, smoke, and haze.", "1966 New York City smog __knowledge__ Smaller pockets of air pollution pervaded the New York metropolitan area.", "Clean Air Act (United States) __knowledge__ The Clean Air Act is a United States federal law designed to control air pollution on a national level.", "Clean Air Act (United States) __knowledge__ It is one of the United States' first and most influential modern environmental laws, and one of the most comprehensive air quality laws in the world.", "Clean Air Act (United States) __knowledge__ As with many other major U.S. federal environmental statutes, it is administered by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), in coordination with state, local, and tribal governments.", "Clean Air Act (United States) __knowledge__ Its implementing regulations are codified at 40 C.F.R.", "Clean Air Act (United States) __knowledge__ Subchapter C, Parts 50-97.", "Clean Air Act (United States) __knowledge__ The 1955 Air Pollution Control Act was the first U.S. federal legislation that pertained to air pollution; it also provided funds for federal government research of air pollution.", "Air pollution __knowledge__ Air pollution occurs when harmful substances including particulates and biological molecules are introduced into Earth's atmosphere.", "Air pollution __knowledge__ It may cause diseases, allergies or death of humans; it may also cause harm to other living organisms such as animals and food crops, and may damage the natural or built environment.", "Air pollution __knowledge__ Human activity and natural processes can both generate air pollution.", "Air pollution __knowledge__ Indoor air pollution and poor urban air quality are listed as two of the world's worst toxic pollution problems in the 2008 Blacksmith Institute World's Worst Polluted Places report.", "Air pollution __knowledge__ According to the 2014 World Health Organization report, air pollution in 2012 caused the deaths of around 7 million people worldwide, an estimate roughly echoed by one from the International Energy Agency.", "Air Pollution Control Act __knowledge__ The Air Pollution Control Act of 1955 (, ch.", "Air Pollution Control Act __knowledge__ 360, ) was the first Clean Air Act (United States) enacted by Congress to address the national environmental problem of air pollution on July 14, 1955.", "Air Pollution Control Act __knowledge__ This was \"an act to provide research and technical assistance relating to air pollution control\".", "Air Pollution Control Act __knowledge__ The act \"left states principally in charge of prevention and control of air pollution at the source\".", "Air Pollution Control Act __knowledge__ The act declared that air pollution was a danger to public health and welfare, but preserved the \"primary responsibilities and rights of the states and local government in controlling air pollution\".", "Air Pollution Control Act __knowledge__ The act put the federal government in a purely informational role, authorizing the United States Surgeon General to conduct research, investigate, and pass out information \"relating to air pollution and the prevention and abatement thereof\".", "Water in Arkansas __knowledge__ Water in Arkansas is an important issue encompassing the conservation, protection, management, distribution and use of the water resource in the state.", "Water in Arkansas __knowledge__ Arkansas contains a mixture of groundwater and surface water, with a variety of state and federal agencies responsible for the regulation of the water resource.", "Water in Arkansas __knowledge__ In accordance with agency rules, state, and federal law, the state's water treatment facilities utilize engineering, chemistry, science and technology to treat raw water from the environment to potable water standards and distribute it through water mains to homes, farms, business and industrial customers.", "Pollution __knowledge__ Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment that cause adverse change.", "Pollution __knowledge__ Pollution can take the form of chemical substances or energy, such as noise, heat or light.", "Pollution __knowledge__ Pollutants, the components of pollution, can be either foreign substances/energies or naturally occurring contaminants.", "Pollution __knowledge__ Pollution is often classed as point source or nonpoint source pollution.", "Pollution __knowledge__ In 2015, pollution killed 9 million people in the world.", "Pollution __knowledge__ Air pollution has always accompanied civilizations.", "Pollution __knowledge__ Pollution started from prehistoric times when man created the first fires.", "Pollution __knowledge__ According to a 1983 article in the journal \"Science,\" \"soot\" found on ceilings of prehistoric caves provides ample evidence of the high levels of pollution that was associated with inadequate ventilation of open fires.\"", "United States regulation of point source water pollution __knowledge__ Point source water pollution comes from discrete conveyances and alters the chemical, biological, and physical characteristics of water.", "United States regulation of point source water pollution __knowledge__ In the United States, it is largely regulated by the Clean Water Act (CWA).", "United States regulation of point source water pollution __knowledge__ Among other things, the Act requires dischargers to obtain a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit to legally discharge pollutants into a water body.", "United States regulation of point source water pollution __knowledge__ However, point source pollution remains an issue in some water bodies, due to some limitations of the Act.", "United States regulation of point source water pollution __knowledge__ Consequently, other regulatory approaches have emerged, such as water quality trading and voluntary community-level efforts." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ Environmental engineering is the branch of engineering concerned with the application of scientific and engineering principles for protection of human populations from the effects of adverse environmental factors; protection of environments, both local and global, from potentially deleterious effects of natural and human activities; and improvement of environmental quality.", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ Environmental engineering can also be described as a branch of applied science and technology that addresses the issues of energy preservation, protection of assets and control of waste from human and animal activities.", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ Furthermore, it is concerned with finding plausible solutions in the field of public health, such as waterborne diseases, implementing laws which promote adequate sanitation in urban, rural and recreational areas.", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ It involves waste water management, air pollution control, recycling, waste disposal, radiation protection, industrial hygiene, animal agriculture, environmental sustainability, public health and environmental engineering law.", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ It also includes studies on the environmental impact of proposed construction projects.", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ Environmental engineers study the effect of technological advances on the environment.", "Water contamination in Crestwood, Illinois __knowledge__ Water contamination in Crestwood, Illinois, a village in Cook County, was discovered in April 2009 by the \"Chicago Tribune\", which reported that the city had been using a well which was contaminated with toxic chemicals as the village's drinking water for 40 years.", "Water contamination in Crestwood, Illinois __knowledge__ In April 2009, Tim Janecyk and Tricia Krause reached out to the local newspapers.", "Water contamination in Crestwood, Illinois __knowledge__ Tim initiated the tip to her and told her it was Crestwood officials who poisoned her family.", "Water contamination in Crestwood, Illinois __knowledge__ She achieved all information regarding the contaminated water from her lengthy investigation.", "Water contamination in Crestwood, Illinois __knowledge__ She had done research since 1999 seeking to find answers as to why her children were plagued with life-threatening health issues for now more than 20 years.", "Toxic Substances Control Act of 1976 __knowledge__ The Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) is a United States law, passed by the United States Congress in 1976 and administered by the United States Environmental Protection Agency, that regulates the introduction of new or already existing chemicals.", "Toxic Substances Control Act of 1976 __knowledge__ When the TSCA was put into place, all existing chemicals were considered to be safe for use and subsequently grandfathered in.", "Toxic Substances Control Act of 1976 __knowledge__ Its three main objectives are to assess and regulate new commercial chemicals before they enter the market, to regulate chemicals already existing in 1976 that posed an \"unreasonable risk to health or to the environment\", as for example PCB's, lead, mercury and radon, and to regulate these chemicals' distribution and use.", "United States Environmental Protection Agency __knowledge__ The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA or sometimes U.S. EPA) is an agency of the federal government of the United States which was created for the purpose of protecting human health and the environment by writing and enforcing regulations based on laws passed by Congress.", "United States Environmental Protection Agency __knowledge__ President Richard Nixon proposed the establishment of EPA and it began operation on December 2, 1970, after Nixon signed an executive order.", "United States Environmental Protection Agency __knowledge__ The order establishing the EPA was ratified by committee hearings in the House and Senate.", "United States Environmental Protection Agency __knowledge__ The agency is led by its Administrator, who is appointed by the President and approved by Congress.", "Shakira __knowledge__ Shakira Isabel Mebarak Ripoll (; ; born 2 February 1977) is a Colombian singer and songwriter.", "Shakira __knowledge__ Born and raised in Barranquilla, she began performing in school, demonstrating Latin American, Arabic, and rock and roll influences and belly dancing abilities.", "Shakira __knowledge__ Shakira's first studio albums, \"Magia\" and \"Peligro\", failed to attain commercial success in the 1990s; however, she rose to prominence in Latin America with her major-label debut, \"Pies Descalzos\" (1996), and her fourth album, \"Dónde Están los Ladrones?\"", "Shakira __knowledge__ (1998).", "Shakira __knowledge__ As of 2001, before releasing her best seller Laundry Service, she has sold over 10 million albums alone in Latin America.", "Hydraulic fracturing in the United States __knowledge__ Hydraulic fracturing in the United States began in 1949.", "Hydraulic fracturing in the United States __knowledge__ According to the Department of Energy (DOE), by 2013 at least two million oil and gas wells in the US had been hydraulically fractured, and that of new wells being drilled, up to 95% are hydraulically fractured.", "Hydraulic fracturing in the United States __knowledge__ The output from these wells makes up 43% of the oil production and 67% of the natural gas production in the United States.", "Hydraulic fracturing in the United States __knowledge__ Environmental safety and health concerns about hydraulic fracturing emerged in the 1980s, and are still being debated at the state and federal levels.", "Hydraulic fracturing in the United States __knowledge__ New York banned massive hydraulic fracturing by executive order in 2012.", "Concentrated animal feeding operation __knowledge__ A concentrated animal feeding operation (CAFO), as defined by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) is an animal feeding operation (AFO)—a farm in which animals are raised in confinement—that has over 1000 \"animal units\" confined for over 45 days a year.", "Concentrated animal feeding operation __knowledge__ An animal unit is \"an animal equivalent of 1000 pounds live weight and equates to 1000 head of beef cattle, 700 dairy cows, 2500 swine weighing more than 55 lbs, 125 thousand broiler chickens, or 82 thousand laying hens or pullets\".", "Concentrated animal feeding operation __knowledge__ A CAFO is also an animal feeding operation of any size that discharges its waste into a waterway.", "Concentrated animal feeding operation __knowledge__ As of 2016 there were around 212,000 AFOs in the United States, 19,496 of which were CAFOS.", "Regulation of greenhouse gases under the Clean Air Act __knowledge__ The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) began regulating greenhouse gases (GHGs) under the Clean Air Act (\"CAA\" or \"Act\") from mobile and stationary sources of air pollution for the first time on January 2, 2011.", "Regulation of greenhouse gases under the Clean Air Act __knowledge__ Standards for mobile sources have been established pursuant to Section 202 of the CAA, and GHGs from stationary sources are currently controlled under the authority of Part C of Title I of the Act.", "Regulation of greenhouse gases under the Clean Air Act __knowledge__ The basis for regulations was upheld in the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia in June 2012.", "Regulation of greenhouse gases under the Clean Air Act __knowledge__ Section 202(a)(1) of the CAA requires the Administrator of the EPA to establish standards \"applicable to the emission of any \"air pollutant\" from…new motor vehicles or new motor vehicle engines, which in [her] judgment \"cause, or contribute\" to, air pollution which may reasonably be anticipated to \"endanger\" public health or welfare\" (emphasis added).", "Nonpoint source water pollution regulations in the United States __knowledge__ Nonpoint source (NPS) water pollution regulations are environmental regulations that restrict or limit water pollution from diffuse or nonpoint effluent sources such as polluted runoff from agricultural areas in a river catchments or wind-borne debris blowing out to sea.", "Nonpoint source water pollution regulations in the United States __knowledge__ In the United States, governments have taken a number of legal and regulatory approaches to controlling NPS effluent.", "Nonpoint source water pollution regulations in the United States __knowledge__ Nonpoint water pollution sources include, for example, leakage from underground storage tanks, storm water runoff, atmospheric deposition of contaminants, and golf course, agricultural, and forestry runoff.", "Nonpoint source water pollution regulations in the United States __knowledge__ Nonpoint sources are the most significant single source of water pollution in the United States, accounting for almost half of all water pollution, and agricultural runoff is the single largest source of nonpoint source water pollution.", "United States regulation of point source water pollution __knowledge__ Point source water pollution comes from discrete conveyances and alters the chemical, biological, and physical characteristics of water.", "United States regulation of point source water pollution __knowledge__ In the United States, it is largely regulated by the Clean Water Act (CWA).", "United States regulation of point source water pollution __knowledge__ Among other things, the Act requires dischargers to obtain a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit to legally discharge pollutants into a water body.", "United States regulation of point source water pollution __knowledge__ However, point source pollution remains an issue in some water bodies, due to some limitations of the Act.", "United States regulation of point source water pollution __knowledge__ Consequently, other regulatory approaches have emerged, such as water quality trading and voluntary community-level efforts.", "Clean Water Act __knowledge__ The Clean Water Act (CWA) is the primary federal law in the United States governing water pollution.", "Clean Water Act __knowledge__ Its objective is to restore and maintain the chemical, physical, and biological integrity of the nation's waters by preventing point and nonpoint pollution sources, providing assistance to publicly owned treatment works for the improvement of wastewater treatment, and maintaining the integrity of wetlands.", "Clean Water Act __knowledge__ It is one of the United States' first and most influential modern environmental laws.", "Clean Water Act __knowledge__ As with many other major U.S. federal environmental statutes, it is administered by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), in coordination with state governments.", "Drinking water supply and sanitation in the United States __knowledge__ Issues that affect drinking water supply and sanitation in the United States include water scarcity, pollution, a backlog of investment, concerns about the affordability of water for the poorest, and a rapidly retiring workforce.", "Drinking water supply and sanitation in the United States __knowledge__ Increased variability and intensity of rainfall as a result of climate change is expected to produce both more severe droughts and flooding, with potentially serious consequences for water supply and for pollution from combined sewer overflows.", "Drinking water supply and sanitation in the United States __knowledge__ Droughts are likely to particularly affect the 66 percent of Americans whose communities depend on surface water.", "Drinking water supply and sanitation in the United States __knowledge__ As for drinking water quality, there are concerns about disinfection by-products, lead, perchlorates and pharmaceutical substances, but generally drinking water quality in the U.S. is good.", "Los Angeles County Flood Control District v. Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc. __knowledge__ Los Angeles County Flood Control District v. Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc., , is a United States Supreme Court case in which the Natural Resources Defense Council and Santa Monica Baykeeper challenged the Los Angeles County Flood Control District (District) for violating the terms of its National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit as shown in water quality measurements from monitoring stations within the Los Angeles and San Gabriel Rivers.", "Los Angeles County Flood Control District v. Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc. __knowledge__ The Supreme Court, by a unanimous 9-0 vote, reversed and remanded the Ninth Circuit's ruling on the grounds that the flow of water from an improved portion of a navigable waterway into an unimproved portion of the same waterway does not qualify as a \"discharge of a pollutant\" under the Clean Water Act.", "Environmental policy of the Donald Trump administration __knowledge__ The environmental policy of the Donald Trump administration represents a shift from the policy priorities and goals of his predecessor, Barack Obama.", "Environmental policy of the Donald Trump administration __knowledge__ While Obama's environmental agenda prioritized the reduction of carbon emissions through the use of clean renewable energy, the Trump administration has sought to increase fossil fuel use and scrap environmental regulations.", "Environmental policy of the Donald Trump administration __knowledge__ During the campaign, Trump often described environmental regulations as an impediment to business.", "Environmental policy of the Donald Trump administration __knowledge__ Trump has announced plans to pull the United States out of the 191 nation Paris agreement.", "Environmental policy of the Donald Trump administration __knowledge__ However, Trump will only be able to withdraw the U.S. from the agreement if he is re-elected, since signatories (like the U.S.) cannot officially withdraw until November 4, 2019, but would not become official until the following year, after the 2020 U.S Presidential election.", "National Association of Clean Water Agencies __knowledge__ National Association of Clean Water Agencies (NACWA) represents the interests of publicly owned wastewater treatment facilities, collection systems, and stormwater management agencies before the United States Congress, several Federal agencies, and in the courts.", "National Association of Clean Water Agencies __knowledge__ National Association of Clean Water Agencies advocates for federal funding for clean water agencies and for responsible national policies that advance clean water and a healthy environment.", "National Association of Clean Water Agencies __knowledge__ National Association of Clean Water Agencies' inception and evolution tracks closely with that of the Clean Water Act and establishment of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ Environmental engineering is the branch of engineering concerned with the application of scientific and engineering principles for protection of human populations from the effects of adverse environmental factors; protection of environments, both local and global, from potentially deleterious effects of natural and human activities; and improvement of environmental quality.", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ Environmental engineering can also be described as a branch of applied science and technology that addresses the issues of energy preservation, protection of assets and control of waste from human and animal activities.", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ Furthermore, it is concerned with finding plausible solutions in the field of public health, such as waterborne diseases, implementing laws which promote adequate sanitation in urban, rural and recreational areas.", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ It involves waste water management, air pollution control, recycling, waste disposal, radiation protection, industrial hygiene, animal agriculture, environmental sustainability, public health and environmental engineering law.", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ It also includes studies on the environmental impact of proposed construction projects.", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ Environmental engineers study the effect of technological advances on the environment.", "Nonpoint source water pollution regulations in the United States __knowledge__ Nonpoint source (NPS) water pollution regulations are environmental regulations that restrict or limit water pollution from diffuse or nonpoint effluent sources such as polluted runoff from agricultural areas in a river catchments or wind-borne debris blowing out to sea.", "Nonpoint source water pollution regulations in the United States __knowledge__ In the United States, governments have taken a number of legal and regulatory approaches to controlling NPS effluent.", "Nonpoint source water pollution regulations in the United States __knowledge__ Nonpoint water pollution sources include, for example, leakage from underground storage tanks, storm water runoff, atmospheric deposition of contaminants, and golf course, agricultural, and forestry runoff.", "Nonpoint source water pollution regulations in the United States __knowledge__ Nonpoint sources are the most significant single source of water pollution in the United States, accounting for almost half of all water pollution, and agricultural runoff is the single largest source of nonpoint source water pollution.", "United States regulation of point source water pollution __knowledge__ Point source water pollution comes from discrete conveyances and alters the chemical, biological, and physical characteristics of water.", "United States regulation of point source water pollution __knowledge__ In the United States, it is largely regulated by the Clean Water Act (CWA).", "United States regulation of point source water pollution __knowledge__ Among other things, the Act requires dischargers to obtain a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit to legally discharge pollutants into a water body.", "United States regulation of point source water pollution __knowledge__ However, point source pollution remains an issue in some water bodies, due to some limitations of the Act.", "United States regulation of point source water pollution __knowledge__ Consequently, other regulatory approaches have emerged, such as water quality trading and voluntary community-level efforts.", "Water pollution __knowledge__ Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies (e.g.", "Water pollution __knowledge__ lakes, rivers, oceans, aquifers and groundwater).", "Water pollution __knowledge__ This form of environmental degradation occurs when pollutants are directly or indirectly discharged into water bodies without adequate treatment to remove harmful compounds.", "Water pollution __knowledge__ Water pollution affects the entire biosphere of plants and organisms living in these water bodies, as well as organisms and plants that might be exposed to the water.", "Water pollution __knowledge__ In almost all cases the effect is damaging not only to individual species and populations, but also to the natural biological communities.", "Water pollution __knowledge__ Water pollution is a major global problem which requires ongoing evaluation and revision of water resource policy at all levels (international down to individual aquifers and wells).", "Environmental issues in Thailand __knowledge__ Thailand's dramatic economic growth has caused numerous environmental issues.", "Environmental issues in Thailand __knowledge__ The country faces problems with air and water pollution, declining wildlife populations, deforestation, soil erosion, water scarcity, and waste issues.", "Environmental issues in Thailand __knowledge__ According to a 2004 indicator, the cost of air and water pollution for the country scales up to approximately 1.6–2.6 percent of GDP per year.", "Environmental issues in Thailand __knowledge__ As such, Thailand's economic growth has come at great cost in damage to its people and environment.", "Environmental issues in Thailand __knowledge__ Thailand introduced its \"Seventh Economic and Social Development Plan (1992–1996)\", declaring that protecting the environment was a top priority of the Thai government.", "Clean Water Act __knowledge__ The Clean Water Act (CWA) is the primary federal law in the United States governing water pollution.", "Clean Water Act __knowledge__ Its objective is to restore and maintain the chemical, physical, and biological integrity of the nation's waters by preventing point and nonpoint pollution sources, providing assistance to publicly owned treatment works for the improvement of wastewater treatment, and maintaining the integrity of wetlands.", "Clean Water Act __knowledge__ It is one of the United States' first and most influential modern environmental laws.", "Clean Water Act __knowledge__ As with many other major U.S. federal environmental statutes, it is administered by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), in coordination with state governments.", "Groundwater pollution __knowledge__ Groundwater pollution (also called groundwater contamination) occurs when pollutants are released to the ground and make their way down into groundwater.", "Groundwater pollution __knowledge__ It can also occur naturally due to the presence of a minor and unwanted constituent, contaminant or impurity in the groundwater, in which case it is more likely referred to as contamination rather than pollution.", "Groundwater pollution __knowledge__ The pollutant creates a contaminant plume within an aquifer.", "Groundwater pollution __knowledge__ Movement of water and dispersion within the aquifer spreads the pollutant over a wider area.", "Groundwater pollution __knowledge__ Its advancing boundary, often called a plume edge, can intersect with groundwater wells or daylight into surface water such as seeps and spring, making the water supplies unsafe for humans and wildlife.", "Concentrated animal feeding operation __knowledge__ A concentrated animal feeding operation (CAFO), as defined by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) is an animal feeding operation (AFO)—a farm in which animals are raised in confinement—that has over 1000 \"animal units\" confined for over 45 days a year.", "Concentrated animal feeding operation __knowledge__ An animal unit is \"an animal equivalent of 1000 pounds live weight and equates to 1000 head of beef cattle, 700 dairy cows, 2500 swine weighing more than 55 lbs, 125 thousand broiler chickens, or 82 thousand laying hens or pullets\".", "Concentrated animal feeding operation __knowledge__ A CAFO is also an animal feeding operation of any size that discharges its waste into a waterway.", "Concentrated animal feeding operation __knowledge__ As of 2016 there were around 212,000 AFOs in the United States, 19,496 of which were CAFOS.", "Water quality law __knowledge__ Water quality laws govern the release of pollutants into water resources, including surface water, ground water, and stored drinking water.", "Water quality law __knowledge__ Some water quality laws, such as drinking water regulations, may be designed solely with reference to human health.", "Water quality law __knowledge__ Many others, including restrictions on the alteration of the chemical, physical, radiological, and biological characteristics of water resources, may also reflect efforts to protect aquatic ecosystems more broadly.", "Water quality law __knowledge__ Regulatory efforts may include identifying and categorizing water pollutants, dictating acceptable pollutant concentrations in water resources, and limiting pollutant discharges from effluent sources.", "Drinking water supply and sanitation in the United States __knowledge__ Issues that affect drinking water supply and sanitation in the United States include water scarcity, pollution, a backlog of investment, concerns about the affordability of water for the poorest, and a rapidly retiring workforce.", "Drinking water supply and sanitation in the United States __knowledge__ Increased variability and intensity of rainfall as a result of climate change is expected to produce both more severe droughts and flooding, with potentially serious consequences for water supply and for pollution from combined sewer overflows.", "Drinking water supply and sanitation in the United States __knowledge__ Droughts are likely to particularly affect the 66 percent of Americans whose communities depend on surface water.", "Drinking water supply and sanitation in the United States __knowledge__ As for drinking water quality, there are concerns about disinfection by-products, lead, perchlorates and pharmaceutical substances, but generally drinking water quality in the U.S. is good.", "Water in Arkansas __knowledge__ Water in Arkansas is an important issue encompassing the conservation, protection, management, distribution and use of the water resource in the state.", "Water in Arkansas __knowledge__ Arkansas contains a mixture of groundwater and surface water, with a variety of state and federal agencies responsible for the regulation of the water resource.", "Water in Arkansas __knowledge__ In accordance with agency rules, state, and federal law, the state's water treatment facilities utilize engineering, chemistry, science and technology to treat raw water from the environment to potable water standards and distribute it through water mains to homes, farms, business and industrial customers." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ Environmental engineering is the branch of engineering concerned with the application of scientific and engineering principles for protection of human populations from the effects of adverse environmental factors; protection of environments, both local and global, from potentially deleterious effects of natural and human activities; and improvement of environmental quality.", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ Environmental engineering can also be described as a branch of applied science and technology that addresses the issues of energy preservation, protection of assets and control of waste from human and animal activities.", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ Furthermore, it is concerned with finding plausible solutions in the field of public health, such as waterborne diseases, implementing laws which promote adequate sanitation in urban, rural and recreational areas.", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ It involves waste water management, air pollution control, recycling, waste disposal, radiation protection, industrial hygiene, animal agriculture, environmental sustainability, public health and environmental engineering law.", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ It also includes studies on the environmental impact of proposed construction projects.", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ Environmental engineers study the effect of technological advances on the environment.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Turkish constitutional referendum, 2017 __knowledge__ A constitutional referendum was held throughout Turkey on 16 April 2017 on whether to approve 18 proposed amendments to the Turkish constitution that were brought forward by the governing Justice and Development Party (AKP) and the Nationalist Movement Party (MHP).", "Turkish constitutional referendum, 2017 __knowledge__ If approved, the office of the Prime Minister would be abolished and the existing parliamentary system of government would be replaced with an executive presidency and a presidential system.", "Turkish constitutional referendum, 2017 __knowledge__ The number of seats in Parliament was proposed to be raised from 550 to 600 while the president was proposed to be given more control over appointments to the Supreme Board of Judges and Prosecutors (HSYK).", "2017 Turkish constitutional referendum 'Yes' campaign __knowledge__ The 2017 Turkish constitutional referendum 'Yes' campaign refers to a campaign headed by numerous political parties, non-governmental organisations, individuals and media outlets in favour of a 'Yes' vote in the 2017 Turkish constitutional referendum.", "2017 Turkish constitutional referendum 'Yes' campaign __knowledge__ If successful, the 'Yes' campaign will transform Turkey from a parliamentary republic into an executive presidency.", "2017 Turkish constitutional referendum 'Yes' campaign __knowledge__ The 'Yes' campaign is rivalled primarily by parties and organisations that lead a 'No' campaign'.", "2017 Turkish constitutional referendum 'Yes' campaign __knowledge__ Neither campaign has a united or centralised campaign structure, with rallies and campaign events being largely organised by political parties independently of each other.", "YES Network __knowledge__ The Yankees Entertainment and Sports Network (YES) is an American cable and satellite television regional sports network that is owned by 21st Century Fox (which owns a controlling 80% interest and serves as managing partner) and Yankee Global Enterprises (which owns the remaining 20%).", "YES Network __knowledge__ Primarily serving New York City, New York and the surrounding metropolitan area, it broadcasts a variety of sports events, as well as magazine, documentary and discussion programs; however, its main emphasis is focused on games and team-related programs involving the New York Yankees of Major League Baseball (owned by minority partner Yankee Global), the NBA's Brooklyn Nets and New York City FC of Major League Soccer.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Yes and no, or word pairs with a similar usage , are expressions of the affirmative and the negative, respectively, in several languages including English.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages make distinction between answers to affirmative versus negative questions, thus may have triplet or quadruplets of words instead.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ English originally used a four-form system up to and including Early Middle English but Modern English has reduced this to a two-form system consisting of just 'yes' and 'no'.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ It exists in eye blink communication, Morse Code, sign language, and maybe in color coded flag communication.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages do not answer yes–no questions with single words meaning 'yes' or 'no'.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Yes Minister is a Political satire British sitcom written by Antony Jay and Jonathan Lynn that was first transmitted on BBC Two from 1980 to 1984, split over three seven-episode series.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ The sequel, Yes, Prime Minister, ran from 1986 to 1988.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ In total there were 38 episodes, of which all but one lasted half an hour.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Almost all episodes ended with a variation of the title of the series spoken as the answer to a question posed by Hacker.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Several episodes were adapted for BBC Radio, and a stage play was produced in 2010, the latter leading to a new television series on UKTV Gold in 2013.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Set principally in the private office of a British Cabinet minister in the fictional Department of Administrative Affairs in Whitehall, \"Yes Minister\" follows the ministerial career of the Rt Hon Jim Hacker MP, played by Paul Eddington.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ The 1995 Quebec referendum was the second referendum to ask voters in the Canadian French-speaking province of Quebec whether Quebec should proclaim national sovereignty and become an independent country, with the condition precedent of offering a political and economic agreement to Canada.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ The culmination of multiple years of debate and planning after the failure of the Meech Lake and Charlottetown constitutional accords, the referendum was launched solely by the provincial Parti Québécois government of Jacques Parizeau.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ Despite initial predictions of a heavy sovereignist defeat, an eventful and complex campaign followed, with the \"Yes\" side flourishing after being taken over by charismatic Bloc Québécois leader Lucien Bouchard.", "Water quality law __knowledge__ Water quality laws govern the release of pollutants into water resources, including surface water, ground water, and stored drinking water.", "Water quality law __knowledge__ Some water quality laws, such as drinking water regulations, may be designed solely with reference to human health.", "Water quality law __knowledge__ Many others, including restrictions on the alteration of the chemical, physical, radiological, and biological characteristics of water resources, may also reflect efforts to protect aquatic ecosystems more broadly.", "Water quality law __knowledge__ Regulatory efforts may include identifying and categorizing water pollutants, dictating acceptable pollutant concentrations in water resources, and limiting pollutant discharges from effluent sources.", "Hydraulic fracturing in the United States __knowledge__ Hydraulic fracturing in the United States began in 1949.", "Hydraulic fracturing in the United States __knowledge__ According to the Department of Energy (DOE), by 2013 at least two million oil and gas wells in the US had been hydraulically fractured, and that of new wells being drilled, up to 95% are hydraulically fractured.", "Hydraulic fracturing in the United States __knowledge__ The output from these wells makes up 43% of the oil production and 67% of the natural gas production in the United States.", "Hydraulic fracturing in the United States __knowledge__ Environmental safety and health concerns about hydraulic fracturing emerged in the 1980s, and are still being debated at the state and federal levels.", "Hydraulic fracturing in the United States __knowledge__ New York banned massive hydraulic fracturing by executive order in 2012.", "Groundwater pollution __knowledge__ Groundwater pollution (also called groundwater contamination) occurs when pollutants are released to the ground and make their way down into groundwater.", "Groundwater pollution __knowledge__ It can also occur naturally due to the presence of a minor and unwanted constituent, contaminant or impurity in the groundwater, in which case it is more likely referred to as contamination rather than pollution.", "Groundwater pollution __knowledge__ The pollutant creates a contaminant plume within an aquifer.", "Groundwater pollution __knowledge__ Movement of water and dispersion within the aquifer spreads the pollutant over a wider area.", "Groundwater pollution __knowledge__ Its advancing boundary, often called a plume edge, can intersect with groundwater wells or daylight into surface water such as seeps and spring, making the water supplies unsafe for humans and wildlife.", "Drinking water supply and sanitation in the United States __knowledge__ Issues that affect drinking water supply and sanitation in the United States include water scarcity, pollution, a backlog of investment, concerns about the affordability of water for the poorest, and a rapidly retiring workforce.", "Drinking water supply and sanitation in the United States __knowledge__ Increased variability and intensity of rainfall as a result of climate change is expected to produce both more severe droughts and flooding, with potentially serious consequences for water supply and for pollution from combined sewer overflows.", "Drinking water supply and sanitation in the United States __knowledge__ Droughts are likely to particularly affect the 66 percent of Americans whose communities depend on surface water.", "Drinking water supply and sanitation in the United States __knowledge__ As for drinking water quality, there are concerns about disinfection by-products, lead, perchlorates and pharmaceutical substances, but generally drinking water quality in the U.S. is good.", "Environmental racism in Europe __knowledge__ Environmental racism in Europe has been documented in relation to racialized immigrant and migrant populations alongside Romani (Roma/Gypsy), Yenish, Irish Traveller, and communities (such as the Sami, Komi, and Nenets) from within continental borders.", "Environmental racism in Europe __knowledge__ Environmental racism is the practice of environmental injustice within a racialized context, in which socially marginalized communities and minority groups are subjected to disproportionate exposure of environmental hazards, denial of access to sources of ecological sustenance such as clean air, water, and natural resources, or infringement of environmentally related human rights.", "Water contamination in Crestwood, Illinois __knowledge__ Water contamination in Crestwood, Illinois, a village in Cook County, was discovered in April 2009 by the \"Chicago Tribune\", which reported that the city had been using a well which was contaminated with toxic chemicals as the village's drinking water for 40 years.", "Water contamination in Crestwood, Illinois __knowledge__ In April 2009, Tim Janecyk and Tricia Krause reached out to the local newspapers.", "Water contamination in Crestwood, Illinois __knowledge__ Tim initiated the tip to her and told her it was Crestwood officials who poisoned her family.", "Water contamination in Crestwood, Illinois __knowledge__ She achieved all information regarding the contaminated water from her lengthy investigation.", "Water contamination in Crestwood, Illinois __knowledge__ She had done research since 1999 seeking to find answers as to why her children were plagued with life-threatening health issues for now more than 20 years.", "Water testing __knowledge__ Water testing is a broad description for various procedures used to analyze water quality.", "Water testing __knowledge__ Millions of water quality tests are carried out daily to fulfill regulatory requirements and to maintain safety.", "Water testing __knowledge__ Testing may be performed to evaluate: Government regulations related to water testing and water quality for some major countries is given below.", "Water testing __knowledge__ The Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China is the nation's environmental protection department charged with the task of protecting China's air, water, and land from pollution and contamination.", "Water testing __knowledge__ Directly under the State Council, it is empowered and required by law to implement environmental policies and enforce environmental laws and regulations." ] ]

[ 4, 76, 46, 40, 38 ]

[ "I know a little about it. Some fields of it include public health, waste disposal and air pollution control to name a few.", "The Clean Water Act regulates our water pollution regulations here.", "Yes it is a federal law here in the United States that governs all water pollution!", "Yes our water laws help us prevent the release of pollutants into our stored drinking water. We are very fortunate.", "Agreed. As long as no one changes regulation or re-characterizes what water pollutants can enter our stored water." ]

[ "Environmental engineering", "Environmental engineering", "Environmental engineering", "Environmental engineering", "Environmental engineering" ]

[ "Canada\nI like going to Canada", "I was never sure i followed the Olympics. What happened on the image of Canada? ", "I see. Canada is a very cool country with cool people. They are what they represent and their image should not be tarnished ", "I go there every summer.", "Hopefully let see. However have they tried to fix where the next Olympic will be held? " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Canada __knowledge__ Canada (; ) is a country located in the northern part of North America.", "Canada __knowledge__ Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering , making it the world's second-largest country by total area.", "Canada __knowledge__ Canada's southern border with the United States is the world's longest bi-national land border.", "Canada __knowledge__ The majority of the country has a cold or severely cold winter climate, but southern areas are warm in summer.", "Canada __knowledge__ Canada is sparsely populated, the majority of its land territory being dominated by forest and tundra and the Rocky Mountains.", "Canada __knowledge__ It is highly urbanized with 82 percent of the 35.15 million people concentrated in large and medium-sized cities, many near the southern border.", "Canada __knowledge__ Its capital is Ottawa, and its three largest metropolitan areas are Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver.", "Canada __knowledge__ Various indigenous peoples have inhabited what is now Canada for thousands of years prior to European colonization.", "Canada __knowledge__ Beginning in the 16th century, the British and French established colonies, the first being the colony of Canada established by France in 1535.", "Canada __knowledge__ As a consequence of various armed conflicts, British North America gained and lost territory until, by the late 18th century, it controlled most of what comprises Canada today.", "Ellis Paul __knowledge__ Ellis Paul (born Paul Plissey; January 14, 1965) is an American singer-songwriter and folk musician.", "Ellis Paul __knowledge__ Born in Aroostook County, Maine, Paul is a key figure in what has become known as the Boston school of songwriting, a literate, provocative, and urbanely romantic folk-pop style that helped ignite the folk revival of the 1990s.", "Ellis Paul __knowledge__ His pop music songs have appeared in movies and on television, bridging the gap between the modern folk sound and the populist traditions of Woody Guthrie and Pete Seeger.", "Ellis Paul __knowledge__ Paul grew up in a small Maine town.", "Ellis Paul __knowledge__ He attended Boston College on a track scholarship, majoring in English.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters from Happy Tree Friends.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ There are 27 main characters, and some other supporting characters.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ To celebrate the 10th anniversary of the series in 2010, the creators of the show announced that there would be one more character added to Happy Tree Friends in the near future.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ The candidates were a sheep/lamb named Lammy and a pig named Truffles.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ The voting took place during the month of March 2010, and the winner was Lammy, who have featured in most of the latest episodes.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ Even though Truffles lost the vote, he still cameos in some episodes.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ Cuddles is a laser yellow male rabbit with pink cheeks, or a blush along with pink bunny slippers.", "Justice League (film) __knowledge__ Justice League is a 2017 American superhero film based on the DC Comics superhero team of the same name, distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures.", "Justice League (film) __knowledge__ The fifth installment in the DC Extended Universe (DCEU), the film is directed by Zack Snyder with a screenplay by Chris Terrio and Joss Whedon, from a story by Terrio and Snyder.", "Justice League (film) __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast that includes Ben Affleck, Henry Cavill, Amy Adams, Gal Gadot, Ezra Miller, Jason Momoa, Ray Fisher, Jeremy Irons, Diane Lane, Connie Nielsen, and J. K. Simmons.", "Justice League (film) __knowledge__ In \"Justice League\", the superhero team, consisting of Batman, Wonder Woman, Flash, Aquaman, and Cyborg forms to honor the memory of Superman and to save earth from the catastrophic threat of Steppenwolf and his army of Parademons.", "Mariah Carey __knowledge__ Mariah Carey (born March 27, 1969 or 1970) is an American singer, songwriter, record producer and actress.", "Mariah Carey __knowledge__ After signing to Columbia Records, she released her debut album, \"Mariah Carey\" (1990), which spawned four number-one singles on the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart: \"Vision of Love\", \"Love Takes Time\", \"Someday\", and \"I Don't Wanna Cry\".", "Mariah Carey __knowledge__ Following her marriage to Sony Music head Tommy Mottola, Carey became the label's highest-selling act with the albums \"Music Box\" (1993), \"Merry Christmas\" (1994), and \"Daydream\" (1995).", "Mariah Carey __knowledge__ These albums spawned a string of successful singles including the international number-one \"Without You\", holiday track \"All I Want for Christmas Is You\", and \"One Sweet Day\", which became the longest-running U.S. number-one single in history with a total of 16 weeks.", "Quadruple jump controversy __knowledge__ At the 2010 Winter Olympics held in Vancouver, Canada, the final results of the men's figure skating competition sparked what has been dubbed a quadruple jump controversy.", "Quadruple jump controversy __knowledge__ At the heart of it lies a quadruple jump, the toughest jump there is in figure skating, done in combination with a triple toe loop, which Evgeni Plushenko of Russia landed in both his short and long programs.", "Quadruple jump controversy __knowledge__ Evan Lysacek of the United States, however, did not include quads in either of his programs.", "Quadruple jump controversy __knowledge__ Plushenko, who led Lysacek by half a point after the short figure skating program, was beaten out by the American in the final free skate despite performing a quadruple toe loop/triple toe loop.", "Governmental positions on the Iraq War prior to the 2003 invasion of Iraq __knowledge__ This article describes the positions of world governments before the actual initiation of the 2003 invasion of Iraq, and not their current positions as they may have changed since then In 2002, the United States began to campaign for the overthrow of Iraq's President, Saddam Hussein.", "Governmental positions on the Iraq War prior to the 2003 invasion of Iraq __knowledge__ The United States, under the administration of George W. Bush, argued that Saddam Hussein was a threat to global peace, a vicious tyrant, and a sponsor of international terrorism.", "Governmental positions on the Iraq War prior to the 2003 invasion of Iraq __knowledge__ Opinion on the war was greatly divided between nations.", "Governmental positions on the Iraq War prior to the 2003 invasion of Iraq __knowledge__ Some countries felt that the United States failed to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that Hussein had an active weapons program.", "List of EastEnders characters (2014) __knowledge__ The following are characters who first appeared, or returned, in the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\" during 2014 listed by order of first appearance.", "List of EastEnders characters (2014) __knowledge__ All new characters in 2014 were introduced by Dominic Treadwell-Collins, executive producer.", "List of EastEnders characters (2014) __knowledge__ Nancy Carter arrived in January with her fiancé, Wayne Ladlow, Stan Carter, Babe Smith and new market inspector, Aleks Shirovs.", "List of EastEnders characters (2014) __knowledge__ February saw Stacey Branning return with her daughter Lily and also her new boyfriend, Luke Riley, followed by Tosh Mackintosh.", "List of EastEnders characters (2014) __knowledge__ On 10 March, Charlie Cotton and on 4 April, Lee Carter.", "List of EastEnders characters (2014) __knowledge__ Donna Yates, a new market stallholder and Pam Coker, Les Coker's wife, both arrived on 14 April." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Canada __knowledge__ Canada (; ) is a country located in the northern part of North America.", "Canada __knowledge__ Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering , making it the world's second-largest country by total area.", "Canada __knowledge__ Canada's southern border with the United States is the world's longest bi-national land border.", "Canada __knowledge__ The majority of the country has a cold or severely cold winter climate, but southern areas are warm in summer.", "Canada __knowledge__ Canada is sparsely populated, the majority of its land territory being dominated by forest and tundra and the Rocky Mountains.", "Canada __knowledge__ It is highly urbanized with 82 percent of the 35.15 million people concentrated in large and medium-sized cities, many near the southern border.", "Canada __knowledge__ Its capital is Ottawa, and its three largest metropolitan areas are Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver.", "Canada __knowledge__ Various indigenous peoples have inhabited what is now Canada for thousands of years prior to European colonization.", "Canada __knowledge__ Beginning in the 16th century, the British and French established colonies, the first being the colony of Canada established by France in 1535.", "Canada __knowledge__ As a consequence of various armed conflicts, British North America gained and lost territory until, by the late 18th century, it controlled most of what comprises Canada today.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Joseph Jacques Jean Chrétien (born January 11, 1934), known commonly as Jean Chrétien (), is a Canadian politician who served as the 20th Prime Minister of Canada from November 4, 1993, to December 12, 2003.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Born and raised in Shawinigan, Quebec, Chrétien is a law graduate from Université Laval.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He was first elected to the Canadian House of Commons in 1963.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He served in various cabinet posts under prime minister Pierre Trudeau, most prominently as Minister of Justice, Minister of Finance, and Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He also served as deputy prime minister in John Turner's short-lived government.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Ion Luca Caragiale __knowledge__ Ion Luca Caragiale (; commonly referred to as I. L. Caragiale; – 9 July 1912) was a Wallachian, later Romanian playwright, short story writer, poet, theater manager, political commentator and journalist.", "Ion Luca Caragiale __knowledge__ Leaving behind an important cultural legacy, he is considered one of the greatest playwrights in Romanian language and literature, as well as one of its most important writers and a leading representative of local humor.", "Ion Luca Caragiale __knowledge__ Alongside Mihai Eminescu, Ioan Slavici and Ion Creangă, he is seen as one of the main representatives of \"Junimea\", an influential literary society with which he nonetheless parted during the second half of his life.", "Hunter S. Thompson __knowledge__ Hunter Stockton Thompson (July 18, 1937 – February 20, 2005) was an American journalist and author, and the founder of the gonzo journalism movement.", "Hunter S. Thompson __knowledge__ Born in Louisville, Kentucky, to a middle-class family, Thompson had a turbulent youth after the death of his father left the family in poverty.", "Hunter S. Thompson __knowledge__ He was unable to formally finish high school as he was incarcerated for 60 days after abetting a robbery.", "Hunter S. Thompson __knowledge__ He subsequently joined the United States Air Force before moving into journalism.", "Hunter S. Thompson __knowledge__ He traveled frequently, including stints in California, Puerto Rico, and Brazil, before settling in Aspen, Colorado, in the early 1960s.", "The Last Puritan __knowledge__ The Last Puritan: A Memoir in the Form of a Novel is a 1935 novel by the Spanish-American philosopher George Santayana, set largely in the fictional town of Great Falls, Connecticut; Boston; and England, in and around Oxford.", "The Last Puritan __knowledge__ It relates the life of Oliver Alden, the descendant of an old Boston family.", "The Last Puritan __knowledge__ Santayana wrote of the novel that \"it gives the emotions of my experiences, and not my thoughts or experiences themselves.\"", "The Last Puritan __knowledge__ Alden's life demonstrates \"the essential tragedy of the late-born Puritan.\"", "The Last Puritan __knowledge__ In the Prologue, Santayana explains that, \"in Oliver puritanism worked itself out to its logical end.", "List of Family Affairs characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the British soap opera \"Family Affairs\" listed in alphabetical order by the characters' surnames.", "List of Family Affairs characters __knowledge__ Scarlett Anderson was played by Cat Simmons during 2005.", "List of Family Affairs characters __knowledge__ Scarlett's storyline sees her seduce married man Les Boulter (Howard Saddler).", "List of Family Affairs characters __knowledge__ But he tells her it was a mistake.", "List of Family Affairs characters __knowledge__ Caleb Andrews was played by Steve Tosssaint during 2004 and appeared as a series regular.", "List of Family Affairs characters __knowledge__ He is the best friend of Les Boulter (Howard Saddler) and love interest of Les' wife Denise Boulter (Clare Perkins).", "List of Family Affairs characters __knowledge__ One notable storyline for the character involved him taking a HIV test, the results of which were negative.", "Quadruple jump controversy __knowledge__ At the 2010 Winter Olympics held in Vancouver, Canada, the final results of the men's figure skating competition sparked what has been dubbed a quadruple jump controversy.", "Quadruple jump controversy __knowledge__ At the heart of it lies a quadruple jump, the toughest jump there is in figure skating, done in combination with a triple toe loop, which Evgeni Plushenko of Russia landed in both his short and long programs.", "Quadruple jump controversy __knowledge__ Evan Lysacek of the United States, however, did not include quads in either of his programs.", "Quadruple jump controversy __knowledge__ Plushenko, who led Lysacek by half a point after the short figure skating program, was beaten out by the American in the final free skate despite performing a quadruple toe loop/triple toe loop.", "Evan Lysacek __knowledge__ Evan Frank Lysacek (; born June 4, 1985) is an American figure skater.", "Evan Lysacek __knowledge__ He is the 2010 Olympic champion, the 2009 World champion, a two-time (2005, 2007) Four Continents champion, the 2009 Grand Prix Final champion, and a two-time (2007, 2008) U.S. national champion.", "Evan Lysacek __knowledge__ Lysacek was the 2010 United States Olympic Committee's SportsMan of the Year, and the winner of the James E. Sullivan Award as the top U.S. amateur athlete of 2010.", "Evan Lysacek __knowledge__ On January 22, 2016, he was inducted into the U.S.", "Evan Lysacek __knowledge__ Figure Skating Hall of Fame.", "Evan Lysacek __knowledge__ Evan Lysacek was born in Chicago, Illinois, and raised in Naperville, Illinois.", "Evan Lysacek __knowledge__ His mother, Tanya (née Santoro), is a substitute teacher in Naperville, and his father, Don, is a building contractor.", "2009 World Figure Skating Championships __knowledge__ The 2009 World Figure Skating Championships was a senior international figure skating competition in the 2008–09 season.", "2009 World Figure Skating Championships __knowledge__ Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing.", "2009 World Figure Skating Championships __knowledge__ Results from these World Championships were used to determine the majority of the spots available for each country at the 2010 Winter Olympics: 24 spots in singles, 16 in pairs, and 19 in ice dancing, with the remaining spots determined at an Olympic qualifying event in the fall of 2009.", "2009 World Figure Skating Championships __knowledge__ As every year, Worlds also determined the entries by country for the following year's event.", "Figure skating __knowledge__ Figure skating is a sport in which individuals, duos, or groups perform on figure skates on ice.", "Figure skating __knowledge__ It was the first winter sport included in the Olympics, in 1908.", "Figure skating __knowledge__ The four Olympic disciplines are men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating and ice dancing.", "Figure skating __knowledge__ Non-Olympic disciplines include synchronized skating and four skating.", "Figure skating __knowledge__ From novice through senior-level competition, skaters generally perform two programs (short and long) which, depending on the discipline, may include spins, jumps, moves in the field, lifts, throw jumps, death spirals and other elements or moves.", "Figure skating __knowledge__ The blade has a groove on the bottom creating two distinct edges — inside and outside.", "Elvis Stojko __knowledge__ Elvis Stojko, MSC, MSM (born March 22, 1972) is a Canadian figure skater.", "Elvis Stojko __knowledge__ He is a three-time World champion (1994, 1995, 1997), two-time Olympic silver medalist (1994, 1998), and seven-time Canadian champion (1994, 1996–2000, and 2002).", "Elvis Stojko __knowledge__ Stojko was born in Newmarket, Ontario, Canada to a Hungarian mother and Slovenian father and was named after Elvis Presley, of whom his parents were fans.", "Elvis Stojko __knowledge__ His father arrived in Canada on a boat in 1955 and his mother, Irenee, fled from the Soviet invasion in 1956.", "Elvis Stojko __knowledge__ Stojko grew up in Richmond Hill, Ontario.", "Elvis Stojko __knowledge__ Stojko competed in the 2005 WKA Canadian Championships and placed first in the Chinese martial arts division.", "Carl Lewis __knowledge__ Frederick Carlton \"Carl\" Lewis (born July 1, 1961) is an American former track and field athlete who won nine Olympic gold medals, one Olympic silver medal, and 10 World Championships medals, including eight gold.", "Carl Lewis __knowledge__ His career spanned from 1979 to 1996, when he last won an Olympic event.", "Carl Lewis __knowledge__ He is one of only three Olympic athletes who won a gold medal in the same event in four consecutive Olympic Games.", "Carl Lewis __knowledge__ Lewis was a dominant sprinter and long jumper who topped the world rankings in the 100 m, 200 m and long jump events frequently from 1981 to the early 1990s.", "Carl Lewis __knowledge__ He set world records in the 100 m, 4 × 100 m and 4 × 200 m relays, while his world record in the indoor long jump has stood since 1984.", "Yuzuru Hanyu __knowledge__ Hanyu has broken world records twelve times, and currently holds the world records for the highest short program, free skating, and combined total scores.", "Yuzuru Hanyu __knowledge__ He is the first man to have broken the 100-point barrier in the men's short program, the 200-point barrier in the men's free skating, and the 300-point barrier in the combined total score, as well as being the first Asian figure skater competing in men's singles to win the Olympic gold.", "Yuzuru Hanyu __knowledge__ At the age of nineteen, he was the youngest male skater to win the Olympic title since Dick Button in 1948.", "Yuzuru Hanyu __knowledge__ At the 2015–2016 Grand Prix Final, he broke the record for the largest victory margin, with 37.48 points." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Canada __knowledge__ Canada (; ) is a country located in the northern part of North America.", "Canada __knowledge__ Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering , making it the world's second-largest country by total area.", "Canada __knowledge__ Canada's southern border with the United States is the world's longest bi-national land border.", "Canada __knowledge__ The majority of the country has a cold or severely cold winter climate, but southern areas are warm in summer.", "Canada __knowledge__ Canada is sparsely populated, the majority of its land territory being dominated by forest and tundra and the Rocky Mountains.", "Canada __knowledge__ It is highly urbanized with 82 percent of the 35.15 million people concentrated in large and medium-sized cities, many near the southern border.", "Canada __knowledge__ Its capital is Ottawa, and its three largest metropolitan areas are Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver.", "Canada __knowledge__ Various indigenous peoples have inhabited what is now Canada for thousands of years prior to European colonization.", "Canada __knowledge__ Beginning in the 16th century, the British and French established colonies, the first being the colony of Canada established by France in 1535.", "Canada __knowledge__ As a consequence of various armed conflicts, British North America gained and lost territory until, by the late 18th century, it controlled most of what comprises Canada today.", "2KA __knowledge__ 2KA was an Australian radio station, licensed to Katoomba, New South Wales, and serving the Blue Mountains area of western Sydney.", "2KA __knowledge__ It was launched on 7 September 1935.", "2KA __knowledge__ In December 1937 the station moved from 1160 kHz to 780 kHz.", "2KA __knowledge__ A repeater station on 1480 kHz was added in 1978.", "2KA __knowledge__ The station transmitted on 783 kHz on the AM band, with a translator station on 1476 kHz at Emu Plains.", "2KA __knowledge__ Before the station launched its Emu Plains based translator in the late 1970s, it was exclusively a Blue Mountains based licence.", "2KA __knowledge__ The new frequency, 1476 kHz, enabled programmers to extend the audience reach to Penrith, and draw revenue from businesses in the area.", "The Day the Earth Stood Cool __knowledge__ \"The Day the Earth Stood Cool\" is the seventh episode of the 24th season of \"The Simpsons\".", "The Day the Earth Stood Cool __knowledge__ It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on December 9, 2012.", "The Day the Earth Stood Cool __knowledge__ Homer becomes upset when someone believes him to be Bart's grandfather, and worries that he is no longer cool.", "The Day the Earth Stood Cool __knowledge__ He then meets Terrance, a cool donut chef from Portland, who is looking for a new place for him and his family to live as he believes Portland has been \"played out\".", "The Day the Earth Stood Cool __knowledge__ When he tells Homer that he sees potential in Springfield, Homer suggests he buy the house next door to his, which he does.", "The Day the Earth Stood Cool __knowledge__ The Simpsons meet Terrance's wife Emily, his pet armadillo Chuey, their daughter Corduroy and their son T-Rex, and get their first exposure to their way of life.", "Freestyle Music Park __knowledge__ Freestyle Music Park, formerly Hard Rock Park, was a music theme park located in Myrtle Beach, South Carolina that opened on April 15, 2008, then temporarily closed on September 24, 2008, due to financial issues, then reopened on May 23, 2009, under the Freestyle brand, and closed yet again after the 2009 season.", "Freestyle Music Park __knowledge__ It was built on on a property at the intersection of Highway 501 and the Intracoastal Waterway on a site that includes part of the former Waccamaw Factory Shoppes in Fantasy Harbour, and used Mall 3 as its headquarters.", "Freestyle Music Park __knowledge__ Plans for a Hard Rock-themed amusement park were released in 2003, but at the time, funding and licensing agreements had yet to be finalized.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ Coolness is an aesthetic of attitude, behavior, comportment, appearance and style which is generally admired.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ Because of the varied and changing connotations of cool, as well as its subjective nature, the word has no single meaning.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ It has associations of composure and self-control (cf.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ the OED definition) and often is used as an expression of admiration or approval.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ Although commonly regarded as slang, it is widely used among disparate social groups and has endured in usage for generations.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ There is no single concept of cool.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ One of the essential characteristics of cool is its mutability—what is considered cool changes over time and varies among cultures and generations.", "Cool Country Favorites __knowledge__ Cool Country Favorites is the 16th studio output by country artist Marty Stuart.", "Cool Country Favorites __knowledge__ The album is considered as a tribute to traditional country music, with Stuart and his Superlatives recording many country and folk standards, such as 'Freight Train Boogie' (which was also recorded by Willie Nelson in 2010), 'Pretty Boy Floyd' (by Woody Guthrie) and Johnny Cash's 'Big River'.", "Cool Country Favorites __knowledge__ The album also has material that had already been recorded by Stuart: 'A Satisfied Mind' and 'Sundown In Nashville' both appeared on Stuart's 2003 album Country Music.", "Cool Country Favorites __knowledge__ As well as traditional country songs, the album also had new material written by Stuart, along with his Superlatives.", "High-volume low-speed fan __knowledge__ A high-volume low-speed (HVLS) fan is a type of mechanical fan greater than in diameter.", "High-volume low-speed fan __knowledge__ HVLS fans are generally ceiling fans although some are pole mounted.", "High-volume low-speed fan __knowledge__ HVLS fans move slowly and distribute large amounts of air at low rotational speed– hence the name \"high volume, low speed.\"", "High-volume low-speed fan __knowledge__ Typical applications for HVLS fans fall into two classifications—industrial and commercial.", "High-volume low-speed fan __knowledge__ In industrial applications, air conditioning is often cost prohibitive or impractical.", "High-volume low-speed fan __knowledge__ Fans installed in spaces like warehouses, barns, hangars and distribution centers can prevent heat stress, increase worker comfort and the productivity of both workers and livestock.", "KPRK __knowledge__ KPRK (1340 AM) is a radio station licensed to serve Livingston, Montana.", "KPRK __knowledge__ The station is owned by Townsquare Media and the broadcast license is held by Townsquare Media Bozeman License, LLC.", "KPRK __knowledge__ KPRK airs a talk radio format, simulcasting sister station KMMS.", "KPRK __knowledge__ Previous formats included country, Saturday night Rock and Roll, and Sunday morning Big Band.", "KPRK __knowledge__ During the weekdays a segment of the afternoon shift was dedicated to local callers to hawk their goods with free advertising through the \"Swap Shop\" segment.", "KPRK __knowledge__ Broadcasts started around 5:30AM local time with the broadcast day ending at midnight.", "KPRK __knowledge__ KPRK also broadcast local high school sports, rodeos and fairs.", "Quadruple jump controversy __knowledge__ At the 2010 Winter Olympics held in Vancouver, Canada, the final results of the men's figure skating competition sparked what has been dubbed a quadruple jump controversy.", "Quadruple jump controversy __knowledge__ At the heart of it lies a quadruple jump, the toughest jump there is in figure skating, done in combination with a triple toe loop, which Evgeni Plushenko of Russia landed in both his short and long programs.", "Quadruple jump controversy __knowledge__ Evan Lysacek of the United States, however, did not include quads in either of his programs.", "Quadruple jump controversy __knowledge__ Plushenko, who led Lysacek by half a point after the short figure skating program, was beaten out by the American in the final free skate despite performing a quadruple toe loop/triple toe loop.", "Figure skating __knowledge__ Figure skating is a sport in which individuals, duos, or groups perform on figure skates on ice.", "Figure skating __knowledge__ It was the first winter sport included in the Olympics, in 1908.", "Figure skating __knowledge__ The four Olympic disciplines are men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating and ice dancing.", "Figure skating __knowledge__ Non-Olympic disciplines include synchronized skating and four skating.", "Figure skating __knowledge__ From novice through senior-level competition, skaters generally perform two programs (short and long) which, depending on the discipline, may include spins, jumps, moves in the field, lifts, throw jumps, death spirals and other elements or moves.", "Figure skating __knowledge__ The blade has a groove on the bottom creating two distinct edges — inside and outside.", "Winter Olympic Games __knowledge__ The Olympic Winter Games (official name) () is a major international sporting event held once every four years, for sports practiced on snow and ice.", "Winter Olympic Games __knowledge__ The first Winter Olympics, the 1924 Winter Olympics, was held in Chamonix, France.", "Winter Olympic Games __knowledge__ The original five sports (broken into nine disciplines) were bobsleigh, curling, ice hockey, Nordic skiing (consisting of the disciplines military patrol, cross-country skiing, Nordic combined, and ski jumping), and skating (consisting of the disciplines figure skating and speed skating).", "Winter Olympic Games __knowledge__ The Games were held every four years from 1924 to 1936, interrupted in 1940 and 1944 by World War II, and resumed in 1948.", "U.S. Figure Skating __knowledge__ U.S.", "U.S. Figure Skating __knowledge__ Figure Skating is the national governing body for the sport of figure skating on ice in the United States.", "U.S. Figure Skating __knowledge__ It is recognized as such by the United States Olympic Committee \"USOC\" under the Ted Stevens Olympic and Amateur Sports Act and is the United States member of the International Skating Union (\"ISU\").", "U.S. Figure Skating __knowledge__ Although the name of the organization is “the United States Figure Skating Association” it is now known as and conducts business under the name “U.S.", "U.S. Figure Skating __knowledge__ Figure Skating.” Founded in 1921, U.S.", "U.S. Figure Skating __knowledge__ Figure Skating regulates and governs the sport and defines and maintains the standard of skating proficiency.", "Figure skating competition __knowledge__ A figure skating competition is a judged sports competition in figure skating.", "Figure skating competition __knowledge__ International competitions sanctioned by the International Skating Union are governed by ISU rules.", "Figure skating competition __knowledge__ Skaters are entered by their respective national skating federations.", "Figure skating competition __knowledge__ National championships are held by individual national skating federations and governed by their domestic rules.", "Figure skating competition __knowledge__ Results from national championships are excluded from SB and PB scores.", "Figure skating competition __knowledge__ Club competitions, also known as non-qualifying competitions, organized by a local figure skating club.", "Figure skating competition __knowledge__ These events have open entries and typically many age or test level divisions, and are sanctioned by, and conducted using the rules of, the national skating federation in the country where they are held.", "1960 Winter Olympics __knowledge__ The 1960 Winter Olympics, officially known as the VIII Olympic Winter Games, was a winter multi-sport event held between February 18–28, 1960 in Squaw Valley, California, United States.", "1960 Winter Olympics __knowledge__ Squaw Valley was chosen to host the Games at the 1956 meeting of the International Olympic Committee (IOC).", "1960 Winter Olympics __knowledge__ It was an undeveloped resort in 1955, so from 1956 to 1960 the infrastructure and all of the venues were built at a cost of US$80,000,000.", "1960 Winter Olympics __knowledge__ It was designed to be intimate, allowing spectators and competitors to walk to nearly all the venues.", "1960 Winter Olympics __knowledge__ Squaw Valley hosted athletes from thirty nations who competed in four sports and twenty-seven events.", "Evgeni Plushenko __knowledge__ Evgeni Viktorovich Plushenko (, born 3 November 1982) is a Russian former figure skater.", "Evgeni Plushenko __knowledge__ He is a four-time Olympic medalist (2006 gold, 2014 team gold, 2002 & 2010 silver), a three-time World champion (2001, 2003, 2004), a seven-time European champion (2000, 2001, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2010, 2012), a four-time Grand Prix Final champion (1999–2000, 2000–01, 2002–03, 2004–05), and a ten-time Russian national champion (1999–2002, 2004–2006, 2010, 2012–2013).", "Evgeni Plushenko __knowledge__ Plushenko's four Olympic medals tied Sweden's Gillis Grafström's record for most Olympic medals in figure skating.", "Evgeni Plushenko __knowledge__ Plushenko was born on 3 November 1982 in , Solnechny District, Khabarovsk Krai, Soviet Union." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Canada __knowledge__ Canada (; ) is a country located in the northern part of North America.", "Canada __knowledge__ Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering , making it the world's second-largest country by total area.", "Canada __knowledge__ Canada's southern border with the United States is the world's longest bi-national land border.", "Canada __knowledge__ The majority of the country has a cold or severely cold winter climate, but southern areas are warm in summer.", "Canada __knowledge__ Canada is sparsely populated, the majority of its land territory being dominated by forest and tundra and the Rocky Mountains.", "Canada __knowledge__ It is highly urbanized with 82 percent of the 35.15 million people concentrated in large and medium-sized cities, many near the southern border.", "Canada __knowledge__ Its capital is Ottawa, and its three largest metropolitan areas are Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver.", "Canada __knowledge__ Various indigenous peoples have inhabited what is now Canada for thousands of years prior to European colonization.", "Canada __knowledge__ Beginning in the 16th century, the British and French established colonies, the first being the colony of Canada established by France in 1535.", "Canada __knowledge__ As a consequence of various armed conflicts, British North America gained and lost territory until, by the late 18th century, it controlled most of what comprises Canada today.", "Middlebury College __knowledge__ Middlebury College is a private liberal arts college located in Middlebury, Vermont, United States.", "Middlebury College __knowledge__ The college was founded in 1800 by Congregationalists making it the first operating college or university in Vermont.", "Middlebury College __knowledge__ The college currently enrolls 2,526 undergraduates from all 50 states and 74 countries.", "Middlebury College __knowledge__ Middlebury offers 44 majors in the arts, humanities, literature, foreign languages, social sciences, and natural sciences.", "Middlebury College __knowledge__ The college is the first American institution of higher education to have granted a bachelor's degree to an African-American, graduating Alexander Twilight in the class of 1823.", "SMAP __knowledge__ SMAP was a Japanese boy band, composed of Masahiro Nakai, Takuya Kimura, Goro Inagaki, Tsuyoshi Kusanagi, and Shingo Katori.", "SMAP __knowledge__ The group was created in 1988 by music producer Johnny Kitagawa, founder of Johnny & Associates, originally as a six-piece with Katsuyuki Mori, until his departure from the band in 1996.", "SMAP __knowledge__ After making their debut in 1991, the group took the Japanese entertainment industry by storm, becoming the most successful boy band in Japanese history and the bestselling band in Asia, often referred to as a \"national treasure\" and a \"fortune and property of the country\" in Japan.", "SMAP __knowledge__ SMAP was regarded as an iconic figure in Japan, after achieving an unprecedented level of success in numerous genres in the entertainment industry, including music, television, film, radio, and theater, as a group and individually.", "Sarah Bernhardt __knowledge__ Sarah Bernhardt (; 22 or 23 October 1844 – 26 March 1923) was a French stage actress who starred in some of the most popular French plays of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, including \"La Dame Aux Camelias\" by Alexandre Dumas, \"fils\", \"Ruy Blas\" by Victor Hugo, \"Fédora\" and \"La Tosca\" by Victorien Sardou, and \"L'Aiglon\" by Edmond Rostand.", "Sarah Bernhardt __knowledge__ She also played male roles, including Shakespeare's Hamlet.", "Sarah Bernhardt __knowledge__ Rostand called her \"the queen of the pose and the princess of the gesture\", while Hugo praised her \"golden voice\".", "Sarah Bernhardt __knowledge__ She made several theatrical tours around the world, and was one of the first prominent actresses to make sound recordings and to act in motion pictures.", "Summer Olympic Games __knowledge__ The Summer Olympic Games () or the Games of the Olympiad, first held in 1896, is an international multi-sport event that is hosted by a different city every four years.", "Summer Olympic Games __knowledge__ The most recent Olympics were held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.", "Summer Olympic Games __knowledge__ The International Olympic Committee organizes the games and oversees the host city's preparations.", "Summer Olympic Games __knowledge__ In each Olympic event, gold medals are awarded for first place, silver medals are awarded for second place, and bronze medals are awarded for third; this tradition began in 1904.", "Summer Olympic Games __knowledge__ The Winter Olympic Games were created due to the success of the Summer Olympics.", "Summer Olympic Games __knowledge__ The Olympics have increased in scope from a 42-event competition with fewer than 250 male competitors from 14 nations in 1896 to 302 events with 10,768 competitors (5,992 men, 4,776 women) from 204 nations in 2012.", "Fencing __knowledge__ Fencing is a group of three related combat sports.", "Fencing __knowledge__ The three disciplines in modern fencing are the foil, the épée, and the sabre; winning points are made through the contact with an opponent.", "Fencing __knowledge__ A fourth discipline, singlestick, appeared in the 1904 Olympics but was dropped after that, and is not a part of modern fencing.", "Fencing __knowledge__ Fencing was one of the first sports to be played in the Olympics.", "Fencing __knowledge__ Based on the traditional skills of swordsmanship, the modern sport arose at the end of the 19th century, with the Italian school having modified the historical European martial art of classical fencing, and the French school later refining the Italian system.", "Greater St. Louis Area Council __knowledge__ The Greater Saint Louis Area Council of the Boy Scouts of America was formed in 1911 and is based in St. Louis, Missouri.", "Greater St. Louis Area Council __knowledge__ It is the compilation of several former councils that have merged with the council over the years.", "Greater St. Louis Area Council __knowledge__ The council serves Scouts in the St. Louis Metro area, southeast Missouri, and southern Illinois.", "Greater St. Louis Area Council __knowledge__ The Council operates Beaumont Scout Reservation, S-F Scout Ranch, Camp Lewallen, and Camp Pine Ridge.", "Greater St. Louis Area Council __knowledge__ Irondale Scout Reservation was founded in Irondale, Missouri, in 1920.", "Greater St. Louis Area Council __knowledge__ Scouts first started camping in the area in 1913, when it was known as Grenia Springs.", "Greater St. Louis Area Council __knowledge__ Later it would be called Camp Roosevelt, but the Camp Irondale name was adopted in 1920, when land was donated to the St. Louis Council by Clarance Howard.", "Gregory Raposo __knowledge__ Gregory Frank \"Greg\" Raposo (born May 3, 1985) is an American rock'n'roll singer and actor.", "Gregory Raposo __knowledge__ Raposo initially came to fame in the early 2000s as a member of the boy band Dream Street, but has subsequently branched out into a solo career as a rock singer.", "Gregory Raposo __knowledge__ His self-titled debut solo album \"Greg Raposo\" was released in 2003 and charted at #40 in its opening week; 2012 release \"Loss Love Life\" was released independently and did not chart.", "Gregory Raposo __knowledge__ Gregory Frank Raposo was born in New York May 3, 1985 to Maryann and Octavio Raposo.", "Gregory Raposo __knowledge__ When Greg was two years old, he began to develop a fascination with the guitar.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Joseph Jacques Jean Chrétien (born January 11, 1934), known commonly as Jean Chrétien (), is a Canadian politician who served as the 20th Prime Minister of Canada from November 4, 1993, to December 12, 2003.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Born and raised in Shawinigan, Quebec, Chrétien is a law graduate from Université Laval.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He was first elected to the Canadian House of Commons in 1963.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He served in various cabinet posts under prime minister Pierre Trudeau, most prominently as Minister of Justice, Minister of Finance, and Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He also served as deputy prime minister in John Turner's short-lived government.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ Coolness is an aesthetic of attitude, behavior, comportment, appearance and style which is generally admired.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ Because of the varied and changing connotations of cool, as well as its subjective nature, the word has no single meaning.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ It has associations of composure and self-control (cf.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ the OED definition) and often is used as an expression of admiration or approval.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ Although commonly regarded as slang, it is widely used among disparate social groups and has endured in usage for generations.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ There is no single concept of cool.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ One of the essential characteristics of cool is its mutability—what is considered cool changes over time and varies among cultures and generations.", "John Diefenbaker __knowledge__ John George Diefenbaker, (; September 18, 1895 – August 16, 1979) was the 13th Prime Minister of Canada, serving from June 21, 1957 to April 22, 1963.", "John Diefenbaker __knowledge__ He was the only Progressive Conservative (PC or Tory) party leader between 1930 and 1979 to lead the party to an election victory, doing so three times, although only once with a majority of seats in the Canadian House of Commons.", "John Diefenbaker __knowledge__ Diefenbaker was born in southwestern Ontario in the small town of Neustadt, Ontario in 1895.", "John Diefenbaker __knowledge__ In 1903, his family migrated west to the portion of the North-West Territories which would shortly thereafter become the province of Saskatchewan.", "Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll __knowledge__ Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll, (Louise Caroline Alberta; 18 March 1848 – 3 December 1939) was the sixth child and fourth daughter of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert.", "Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll __knowledge__ Her early life was spent moving among the various royal residences in the company of her family.", "Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll __knowledge__ When her father, the Prince Consort, died on 14 December 1861, the court went into a period of intense mourning, to which Louise was unsympathetic.", "Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll __knowledge__ Louise was an able sculptor and artist, and several of her sculptures remain today.", "Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll __knowledge__ She was also a supporter of the feminist movement, corresponded with Josephine Butler, and visited Elizabeth Garrett.", "Why I Am a Separatist __knowledge__ Why I Am a Separatist is a political essay by Marcel Chaput, a militant for the independence of Quebec from Canada.", "Why I Am a Separatist __knowledge__ It was published in French in 1961 and in English translation in 1962.", "Why I Am a Separatist __knowledge__ On September 10, 1960, some 20 people founded the Rassemblement pour l'indépendance nationale (RIN) at the Auberge Le Châtelet of Morin Heights, in the Laurentides region of Quebec.", "Why I Am a Separatist __knowledge__ André D'Allemagne was elected president and Marcel Chaput vice president of the new organization.", "Why I Am a Separatist __knowledge__ The lectures Chaput gave on the subject of independence as part of the public meetings organized by the RIN placed him in the media spotlight.", "Royal tours of Canada by the Canadian Royal Family __knowledge__ Canadian royal tours have been taking place since 1786, and continue into the 21st century, either as an official tour, a working tour, a vacation, or a period of military service by a member of the Canadian Royal Family.", "Royal tours of Canada by the Canadian Royal Family __knowledge__ Originally, official tours were events predominantly for Canadians to see and possibly meet members of their Royal Family, with the associated patriotic pomp and spectacle.", "Royal tours of Canada by the Canadian Royal Family __knowledge__ However, nearing the end of the 20th century, such occasions took on the added dimension of a theme; for instance, the 2005 tour of Saskatchewan and Alberta by Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, was deemed to be a vehicle for the Queen and Canadians to honour \"The Spirit of Nation Builders.\"", "Conscription Crisis of 1944 __knowledge__ The Conscription Crisis of 1944 was a political and military crisis following the introduction of forced military service in Canada during World War II.", "Conscription Crisis of 1944 __knowledge__ It was similar to the Conscription Crisis of 1917, but was not as politically damaging.", "Conscription Crisis of 1944 __knowledge__ Canada declared war against Germany on September 10, 1939, and sent one division to Europe, which did not have an opportunity to engage in combat before France was defeated by Germany.", "Conscription Crisis of 1944 __knowledge__ Fearing the civil and political unrest that had occurred during World War I, as well as hoping to defeat the nationalist Premier Maurice Duplessis in Quebec who called a snap election in September 1939 to seek a mandate to oppose the war, Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King pledged in September 1939 to not introduce overseas conscription for the duration of the war." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Canada __knowledge__ Canada (; ) is a country located in the northern part of North America.", "Canada __knowledge__ Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering , making it the world's second-largest country by total area.", "Canada __knowledge__ Canada's southern border with the United States is the world's longest bi-national land border.", "Canada __knowledge__ The majority of the country has a cold or severely cold winter climate, but southern areas are warm in summer.", "Canada __knowledge__ Canada is sparsely populated, the majority of its land territory being dominated by forest and tundra and the Rocky Mountains.", "Canada __knowledge__ It is highly urbanized with 82 percent of the 35.15 million people concentrated in large and medium-sized cities, many near the southern border.", "Canada __knowledge__ Its capital is Ottawa, and its three largest metropolitan areas are Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver.", "Canada __knowledge__ Various indigenous peoples have inhabited what is now Canada for thousands of years prior to European colonization.", "Canada __knowledge__ Beginning in the 16th century, the British and French established colonies, the first being the colony of Canada established by France in 1535.", "Canada __knowledge__ As a consequence of various armed conflicts, British North America gained and lost territory until, by the late 18th century, it controlled most of what comprises Canada today.", "1928 United States Olympic Trials (track and field) __knowledge__ The 1928 United States Olympic Trials for track and field were held between July 3 and July 7, 1928 and decided the United States team for the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam.", "1928 United States Olympic Trials (track and field) __knowledge__ For the first time, women's track and field was part of the Olympic program.", "1928 United States Olympic Trials (track and field) __knowledge__ The Trials for men and women were held separately; men competed at Harvard Stadium in Cambridge, Massachusetts on July 6 and July 7, while women competed at City Field in Newark, New Jersey on July 4.", "1928 United States Olympic Trials (track and field) __knowledge__ Three of the men's events were contested in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania between July 3 and July 5.", "1928 United States Olympic Trials (track and field) __knowledge__ Both the men's and women's Olympic Trials also served as the annual United States outdoor track and field championships.", "Olympic Games __knowledge__ The modern Olympic Games or Olympics () are leading international sporting events featuring summer and winter sports competitions in which thousands of athletes from around the world participate in a variety of competitions.", "Olympic Games __knowledge__ The Olympic Games are considered the world's foremost sports competition with more than 200 nations participating.", "Olympic Games __knowledge__ The Olympic Games are held every four years, with the Summer and Winter Games alternating by occurring every four years but two years apart.", "Olympic Games __knowledge__ Their creation was inspired by the ancient Olympic Games, which were held in Olympia, Greece, from the 8th century BC to the 4th century AD.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "Floyd Mayweather Jr. __knowledge__ Floyd Joy Mayweather Jr. (born Floyd Joy Sinclair; February 24, 1977) is an American professional boxing promoter and former professional boxer.", "Floyd Mayweather Jr. __knowledge__ He competed from 1996 to 2007 and 2009 to 2015, and made a one-fight comeback in 2017.", "Floyd Mayweather Jr. __knowledge__ During his career, he held multiple world titles in five weight classes and the lineal championship in four weight classes (twice at welterweight), and retired with an undefeated record of 50–0, surpassing Rocky Marciano's record of 49–0.", "Floyd Mayweather Jr. __knowledge__ As an amateur, Mayweather won a bronze medal in the featherweight division at the 1996 Olympics, three U.S. Golden Gloves championships (at light flyweight, flyweight, and featherweight), and the U.S. national championship at featherweight.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Olympic symbols __knowledge__ The Olympic symbols are icons, flags and symbols used by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) to elevate the Olympic Games.", "Olympic symbols __knowledge__ Somesuch as the flame, fanfare, and themeare more commonly used during Olympic competition, but others, such as the flags, can be seen throughout the years.", "Olympic symbols __knowledge__ The Olympic motto is the hendiatris \"Citius, Altius, Fortius\", which is Latin for \"Faster, Higher, Stronger\".", "Olympic symbols __knowledge__ It was proposed by Pierre de Coubertin upon the creation of the International Olympic Committee in 1894.", "Olympic symbols __knowledge__ Coubertin borrowed it from his friend Henri Didon, a Dominican priest who was an athletics enthusiast.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "Summer Olympic Games __knowledge__ The Summer Olympic Games () or the Games of the Olympiad, first held in 1896, is an international multi-sport event that is hosted by a different city every four years.", "Summer Olympic Games __knowledge__ The most recent Olympics were held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.", "Summer Olympic Games __knowledge__ The International Olympic Committee organizes the games and oversees the host city's preparations.", "Summer Olympic Games __knowledge__ In each Olympic event, gold medals are awarded for first place, silver medals are awarded for second place, and bronze medals are awarded for third; this tradition began in 1904.", "Summer Olympic Games __knowledge__ The Winter Olympic Games were created due to the success of the Summer Olympics.", "Summer Olympic Games __knowledge__ The Olympics have increased in scope from a 42-event competition with fewer than 250 male competitors from 14 nations in 1896 to 302 events with 10,768 competitors (5,992 men, 4,776 women) from 204 nations in 2012.", "Olympic sports __knowledge__ Olympic sports are sports contested in the Summer and Winter Olympic Games.", "Olympic sports __knowledge__ The 2016 Summer Olympics included 28 sports, with five additional sports due to be added to the 2020 Summer Olympics.", "Olympic sports __knowledge__ The 2014 Winter Olympics included seven sports.", "Olympic sports __knowledge__ The number and kinds of events may change slightly from one Olympiad to another.", "Olympic sports __knowledge__ Each Olympic sport is represented by an international governing body, namely an International Federation (IF).", "Olympic sports __knowledge__ The International Olympic Committee (IOC) establishes a hierarchy of sports, disciplines, and events.", "Olympic sports __knowledge__ According to this hierarchy, the Olympic sports can be subdivided into multiple disciplines, which are often assumed to be distinct sports.", "Australia men's national basketball team __knowledge__ The Australian men's national basketball team is known in Australia as the Boomers, an Australian slang term for a male kangaroo.", "Australia men's national basketball team __knowledge__ Australia is currently ranked 10th in the FIBA World Rankings, and finished 4th at the 2016 Rio Olympic Games.", "Australia men's national basketball team __knowledge__ Australia is a regional power in all forms of basketball.", "Australia men's national basketball team __knowledge__ Placed in the relatively weak FIBA Oceania region, the Boomers' qualification for the Summer Olympic Games and FIBA World Cup is often a three-match competition against the other regional power, the New Zealand Tall Blacks.", "Australia men's national basketball team __knowledge__ Prior the formation of the National Basketball League in 1979, Boomers players were generally selected from the various state leagues around the country with Victoria, South Australia and to a lesser extent New South Wales being the dominant states.", "2008 Summer Olympics __knowledge__ The 2008 Summer Olympic Games, officially known as the Games of the XXIX Olympiad () and commonly known as Beijing 2008, was a major international multi-sport event that took place in Beijing, China, from 7 to 24 August 2008.", "2008 Summer Olympics __knowledge__ A total of 10,942 athletes from 204 National Olympic Committees (NOCs) competed in 28 sports and 302 events (a total of one event more than the schedule of the 2004 Games).", "2008 Summer Olympics __knowledge__ China became the 22nd nation to host the Olympic Games and the 18th to hold a Summer Olympic Games.", "2008 Summer Olympics __knowledge__ It was the third time that the Summer Olympic Games were held in East Asia and Asia, after Tokyo, Japan, in 1964 and Seoul, South Korea, in 1988.", "Winning streak (sports) __knowledge__ In sports, a winning streak is a consecutive sequence of won games, or won competitions.", "Winning streak (sports) __knowledge__ It can be applied to teams in team sports, and individuals in individual sports.", "Winning streak (sports) __knowledge__ In sports where teams or individuals represent groups such as countries or regions, those groups can also be said to have 'winning streaks' if their representatives win consecutive games or competitions, even if the competitors are different.", "Winning streak (sports) __knowledge__ Streaks can also be applied to specific competitions: for example a competitor who wins an event in three consecutive Olympic Games has an Olympic winning streak, even if they have lost other competitions during the period.", "2016 Summer Olympics __knowledge__ The 2016 Summer Olympics (), officially known as the Games of the XXXI Olympiad and commonly known as Rio 2016, was a major international multi-sport event celebrated in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 5 to 21 August 2016.", "2016 Summer Olympics __knowledge__ More than 11,000 athletes from 205 National Olympic Committees, including first time entrants Kosovo, South Sudan, and the Refugee Olympic Team, took part.", "2016 Summer Olympics __knowledge__ With 306 sets of medals, the games featured 28 Olympic sports, including rugby sevens and golf, which were added to the Olympic program in 2009.", "2016 Summer Olympics __knowledge__ These sporting events took place at 33 venues in the host city, and at five in São Paulo, Belo Horizonte, Salvador, Brasília, and Manaus." ] ]

[ 31, 0, 27, 25, 18 ]

[ "Canada is a lovely place indeed. Though Quadruple jump controversy that happened in 2010 Winter Olympics had some negative effect on its image", "Well, it was a misunderstanding and conflict around man's figure skating competition and the results seemed to be misleading", "Canadian people have coolness in their attitude. How many times have you visited the country?", "I have read Canada have very naturally beautiful places to see during summer. I wish Summer Olympic Games to be held there after Brazil", "Olympic Games are typically held every four years. I am not sure where the next will be. But I want Canada to be the contender for hosting" ]

[ "Canada", "Canada", "Canada", "Canada", "Canada" ]

[ "Sibling\nI have five siblings, all brothers, do you have siblings?", "I know people who have half siblings, they share one parent.", "Step siblings is when there is no blood relation but the parents have married making the children step siblings", "Yes, there are some studies being done on birth order of siblings as related to success" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sibling __knowledge__ A sibling is one of two or more individuals having one or both parents in common.", "Sibling __knowledge__ A full sibling is a first-degree relative.", "Sibling __knowledge__ A male sibling is a brother, and a female sibling is a sister.", "Sibling __knowledge__ In most societies throughout the world, siblings often grow up together, thereby facilitating the development of strong emotional bonds.", "Sibling __knowledge__ The emotional bond between siblings is often complicated and is influenced by factors such as parental treatment, birth order, personality, and personal experiences outside the family.", "Sibling __knowledge__ However, there are cases where siblings grow up in separate homes, in different environments.", "Sibling __knowledge__ It is known that both nature and nurture figure in development; researchers are attempting to ascertain just which one plays the larger role.", "Sibling __knowledge__ Identical twins share 100% of their DNA.", "Sibling __knowledge__ Full siblings are first-degree relatives and, on average, share 50% of their genes out of those that vary among humans.", "Sibling __knowledge__ Half-siblings are second-degree relatives and have, on average, a 25% overlap in their human genetic variation.", "Sibling __knowledge__ \"Full siblings\" (full brothers or full sisters; or brother and sister) have the same biological parents and are 50% related (full siblings share 50% of their genes out of those that vary among humans).", "List of Mahou Sentai Magiranger characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the 2005 television series \"Mahou Sentai Magiranger\".", "List of Mahou Sentai Magiranger characters __knowledge__ The is a family of mages in various proficiencies that battle the evil Underground Hades Empire Infershia with their magical ability to transform into the Magirangers.", "List of Mahou Sentai Magiranger characters __knowledge__ These five children (three brothers and two sisters) lived peacefully with their mother, on the notion that their father died in an expedition in Antarctica.", "List of Mahou Sentai Magiranger characters __knowledge__ But upon learning the truth, their mother revealed to them their family legacy.", "List of Mahou Sentai Magiranger characters __knowledge__ Over time, they learn their father was a Heavenly Saint.", "List of Mahou Sentai Magiranger characters __knowledge__ The five siblings also receive the power to attain \"Legend\" form.", "Systems of social stratification __knowledge__ Detailed anthropological and sociological studies have been made about customs of patrilineal inheritance, where only male children can inherit.", "Systems of social stratification __knowledge__ Some cultures also employ matrilineal succession, where property can only pass along the female line, most commonly going to the sister's sons of the decedent; but also, in some societies, from the mother to her daughters.", "Systems of social stratification __knowledge__ Some ancient societies and most modern states employ egalitarian inheritance, without discrimination based on gender and/or birth order.", "Systems of social stratification __knowledge__ The system of patrilineal primogeniture traditionally prevalent among most southern Bantu tribes is explained in detail by Isabel Moodley: \"Due to the polygynous nature of the customary marriage, African customary law distinguishes between \"family rank\" and \"house rank\".", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "List of R5 members __knowledge__ There are five members in the Los Angeles-based pop rock band R5: Ross Lynch (lead vocals, rhythm guitar), Riker Lynch (bass, lead vocals), Rocky Lynch (lead guitar, vocals), Rydel Lynch (keyboard, vocals), and Ellington Ratliff (drums).", "List of R5 members __knowledge__ Riker, Rydel, Rocky, and Ross are four of five siblings.", "List of R5 members __knowledge__ Ellington goes by his last name Ratliff in order to fit with the pattern of names all starting with \"R.\" Ross Shor Lynch (born December 29, 1995 in Littleton, Colorado) is the fourth child of five siblings.", "List of R5 members __knowledge__ His favorite color is yellow, movie \"Romeo and Juliet\", band The Script, and sport Ice Hockey.", "List of R5 members __knowledge__ Lynch can play the piano, drums, and bass and sing; however, he specializes in guitar and singing.", "Sibling relationship __knowledge__ Siblings play a unique role in one another’s lives that simulates the companionship of parents as well as the influence and assistance of friends.", "Sibling relationship __knowledge__ Because siblings often grow up in the same household, they have a large amount of exposure to one another, like other members of the immediate family.", "Sibling relationship __knowledge__ However, though a sibling relationship can have both hierarchical and reciprocal elements, this relationship tends to be more egalitarian and symmetrical than with family members of other generations.", "Sibling relationship __knowledge__ Furthermore, sibling relationships often reflect the overall condition of cohesiveness within a family.", "List of Shameless characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters from the British comedy-drama Shameless, created by Paul Abbott, which began broadcasting on Channel 4 in 2004.", "List of Shameless characters __knowledge__ The programme is set on the fictinal Chatsworth Estate in suburban Manchester and the surrounding area, and primarily follows the lives of the Gallagher family and the neighbouring Maguire family, and their friends and neighbours in the town's shops and local pub The Jockey.", "List of Shameless characters __knowledge__ The first series focuses on layabout Frank Gallagher and the lives of his six children, Fiona and boyfriend Steve, Lip, Ian, Carl, Debbie and Liam, and next-door neighbours, Kev and Veronica." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sibling __knowledge__ A sibling is one of two or more individuals having one or both parents in common.", "Sibling __knowledge__ A full sibling is a first-degree relative.", "Sibling __knowledge__ A male sibling is a brother, and a female sibling is a sister.", "Sibling __knowledge__ In most societies throughout the world, siblings often grow up together, thereby facilitating the development of strong emotional bonds.", "Sibling __knowledge__ The emotional bond between siblings is often complicated and is influenced by factors such as parental treatment, birth order, personality, and personal experiences outside the family.", "Sibling __knowledge__ However, there are cases where siblings grow up in separate homes, in different environments.", "Sibling __knowledge__ It is known that both nature and nurture figure in development; researchers are attempting to ascertain just which one plays the larger role.", "Sibling __knowledge__ Identical twins share 100% of their DNA.", "Sibling __knowledge__ Full siblings are first-degree relatives and, on average, share 50% of their genes out of those that vary among humans.", "Sibling __knowledge__ Half-siblings are second-degree relatives and have, on average, a 25% overlap in their human genetic variation.", "Sibling __knowledge__ \"Full siblings\" (full brothers or full sisters; or brother and sister) have the same biological parents and are 50% related (full siblings share 50% of their genes out of those that vary among humans).", "Laws regarding incest __knowledge__ Laws regarding incest (i.e.", "Laws regarding incest __knowledge__ sexual activity between family members or close relatives) vary considerably between jurisdictions, and depend on the type of sexual activity and the nature of the family relationship of the parties involved, as well as the age and sex of the parties.", "Laws regarding incest __knowledge__ Besides legal prohibitions, at least some forms of incest are also socially taboo or frowned upon in most cultures around the world.", "Laws regarding incest __knowledge__ Incest laws may involve restrictions on marriage rights, which also vary between jurisdictions.", "Laws regarding incest __knowledge__ When incest involves an adult and a child, it is usually considered to be a form of child sexual abuse.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Heritability __knowledge__ Heritability is a statistic used in the fields of breeding and genetics that estimates the degree of variation in a phenotypic trait in a population that is due to genetic variation between individuals in that population.", "Heritability __knowledge__ In other words, the concept of heritability can alternately be expressed in the form of the following question: \"What is the proportion of the variation in a given trait within a population that is \"not\" explained by the environment of random chance?\"", "Heritability __knowledge__ Other causes of measured variation in a trait are characterized as environmental factors, including measurement error.", "Heritability __knowledge__ In human studies of heritability these are often apportioned into factors from \"shared environment\" and \"non-shared environment\" based on whether they tend to result in persons brought up in the same household being more or less similar to persons who were not.", "Sociology of the family __knowledge__ Sociological studies of the family look at: Examples of specific issues looked at include: Research methods in the sociology of the family can be broken down to three major approaches, each with its own strengths and weaknesses.", "Sociology of the family __knowledge__ One approach is survey research of contemporary families.", "Sociology of the family __knowledge__ This holds the benefit of leaving statistical data and large and hopefully random samples from which a researcher can interpolate the general traits of a society.", "Sociology of the family __knowledge__ However, survey respondents tend to answer as would feel regular or ideal rather than as things might actually be.", "Sociology of the family __knowledge__ It also gives a very one-sided explanation view of a larger group, which does not sufficiently allow for contention.", "Quantitative genetics __knowledge__ Quantitative genetics is a branch of population genetics that deals with phenotypes that vary continuously (in characters such as height or mass)—as opposed to discretely identifiable phenotypes and gene-products (such as eye-colour, or the presence of a particular biochemical).", "Quantitative genetics __knowledge__ Both branches use the frequencies of different alleles of a gene in breeding populations (gamodemes), and combine them with concepts from simple Mendelian inheritance to analyze inheritance patterns across generations and descendant lines.", "Quantitative genetics __knowledge__ While population genetics can focus on particular genes and their subsequent metabolic products, quantitative genetics focuses more on the outward phenotypes, and makes summaries only of the underlying genetics.", "Child support __knowledge__ In family law and public policy, child support (or child maintenance) is an ongoing, periodic payment made by a parent for the financial benefit of a child (or parent, caregiver, guardian, or state) following the end of a marriage or other relationship.", "Child support __knowledge__ Child maintenance is paid directly or indirectly by an \"obligor\" to an \"obligee\" for the care and support of children of a relationship that has been terminated, or in some cases never existed.", "Child support __knowledge__ Often the obligor is a non-custodial parent.", "Child support __knowledge__ The obligee is typically a custodial parent, a caregiver, a guardian, or the state.", "Child support __knowledge__ Depending on the jurisdiction, a custodial parent may pay child support to a non-custodial parent.", "Sibling relationship __knowledge__ Siblings play a unique role in one another’s lives that simulates the companionship of parents as well as the influence and assistance of friends.", "Sibling relationship __knowledge__ Because siblings often grow up in the same household, they have a large amount of exposure to one another, like other members of the immediate family.", "Sibling relationship __knowledge__ However, though a sibling relationship can have both hierarchical and reciprocal elements, this relationship tends to be more egalitarian and symmetrical than with family members of other generations.", "Sibling relationship __knowledge__ Furthermore, sibling relationships often reflect the overall condition of cohesiveness within a family.", "Systems of social stratification __knowledge__ Detailed anthropological and sociological studies have been made about customs of patrilineal inheritance, where only male children can inherit.", "Systems of social stratification __knowledge__ Some cultures also employ matrilineal succession, where property can only pass along the female line, most commonly going to the sister's sons of the decedent; but also, in some societies, from the mother to her daughters.", "Systems of social stratification __knowledge__ Some ancient societies and most modern states employ egalitarian inheritance, without discrimination based on gender and/or birth order.", "Systems of social stratification __knowledge__ The system of patrilineal primogeniture traditionally prevalent among most southern Bantu tribes is explained in detail by Isabel Moodley: \"Due to the polygynous nature of the customary marriage, African customary law distinguishes between \"family rank\" and \"house rank\".", "List of Shameless characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters from the British comedy-drama Shameless, created by Paul Abbott, which began broadcasting on Channel 4 in 2004.", "List of Shameless characters __knowledge__ The programme is set on the fictinal Chatsworth Estate in suburban Manchester and the surrounding area, and primarily follows the lives of the Gallagher family and the neighbouring Maguire family, and their friends and neighbours in the town's shops and local pub The Jockey.", "List of Shameless characters __knowledge__ The first series focuses on layabout Frank Gallagher and the lives of his six children, Fiona and boyfriend Steve, Lip, Ian, Carl, Debbie and Liam, and next-door neighbours, Kev and Veronica.", "Incest __knowledge__ Incest is sexual activity between family members or close relatives.", "Incest __knowledge__ This typically includes sexual activity between people in a consanguineous relationship (blood relations), and sometimes those related by affinity, stepfamily, those related by adoption or marriage, or members of the same clan or lineage.", "Incest __knowledge__ The incest taboo is and has been one of the most widespread of all cultural taboos, both in present and in many past societies.", "Incest __knowledge__ Most modern societies have laws regarding incest or social restrictions on closely consanguineous marriages.", "Incest __knowledge__ In societies where it is illegal, consensual adult incest is seen by some as a victimless crime.", "List of The Originals characters __knowledge__ \"The Originals\" is an American fantasy-drama television series picked up by The CW for their fall 2013 schedule, after a backdoor pilot for the series aired as an episode of The CW television series \"The Vampire Diaries\" in April 2013.", "List of The Originals characters __knowledge__ It is a spin-off of \"The Vampire Diaries\", sharing a universe with its predecessor.", "List of The Originals characters __knowledge__ It centers on three Mikaelson siblings, Klaus (Joseph Morgan), Elijah (Daniel Gillies), and Rebekah (Claire Holt), collectively known as \"original vampires\", or simply the \"originals\".", "List of The Originals characters __knowledge__ \"The Originals\" is set in the city of New Orleans.", "List of The Originals characters __knowledge__ It was created by Julie Plec.", "List of The Originals characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of series regulars who have appeared in one or more of the series' four seasons." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sibling __knowledge__ A sibling is one of two or more individuals having one or both parents in common.", "Sibling __knowledge__ A full sibling is a first-degree relative.", "Sibling __knowledge__ A male sibling is a brother, and a female sibling is a sister.", "Sibling __knowledge__ In most societies throughout the world, siblings often grow up together, thereby facilitating the development of strong emotional bonds.", "Sibling __knowledge__ The emotional bond between siblings is often complicated and is influenced by factors such as parental treatment, birth order, personality, and personal experiences outside the family.", "Sibling __knowledge__ However, there are cases where siblings grow up in separate homes, in different environments.", "Sibling __knowledge__ It is known that both nature and nurture figure in development; researchers are attempting to ascertain just which one plays the larger role.", "Sibling __knowledge__ Identical twins share 100% of their DNA.", "Sibling __knowledge__ Full siblings are first-degree relatives and, on average, share 50% of their genes out of those that vary among humans.", "Sibling __knowledge__ Half-siblings are second-degree relatives and have, on average, a 25% overlap in their human genetic variation.", "Sibling __knowledge__ \"Full siblings\" (full brothers or full sisters; or brother and sister) have the same biological parents and are 50% related (full siblings share 50% of their genes out of those that vary among humans).", "Onsen geisha __knowledge__ Onsen geisha (温泉芸者) is a term referring to Japanese geisha, or entertainers, who work in onsen (hot spring) resorts or towns.", "Onsen geisha __knowledge__ The term onsen geisha has a negative connotation in that the term has come to be synonymous with prostitute.", "Onsen geisha __knowledge__ This is due to several reasons.", "Onsen geisha __knowledge__ In pre–World War II history, the term \"onsen geisha\" had a negative connotation, as geisha who lived and worked at hot spring resorts or towns were often regarded as the lowest of geisha, they were unbound by contracts and could move to any other onsen town, and thus had no \"history\" or professional genealogy.", "Onsen geisha __knowledge__ During this period, some onsen geisha were sponsored by businessmen who made yearly visits; these patrons were known as \"danna\".", "Personal exemption __knowledge__ Under United States tax law, a personal exemption is an amount that a resident taxpayer is entitled to claim as a tax deduction against personal income in calculating taxable income and consequently federal income tax.", "Personal exemption __knowledge__ In 2017, the personal exemption amount was $4,050, though the exemption is subject to phase-out limitations.", "Personal exemption __knowledge__ The personal exemption amount is adjusted each year for inflation.", "Personal exemption __knowledge__ The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 eliminates personal exemptions for tax years 2018 through 2025.", "Personal exemption __knowledge__ The exemption is composed of personal exemptions for the individual taxpayer and, as appropriate, his spouse and dependents, as provided in Internal Revenue Code at .", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Geisha __knowledge__ \"Geisha\" (; ), like all Japanese nouns, has no distinct singular or plural variants.", "Geisha __knowledge__ The word consists of two kanji, (\"Gei\") meaning \"art\" and (\"Sha\") meaning \"person\" or \"doer\".", "Geisha __knowledge__ The most literal translation of geisha into English would be \"artist\", \"performing artist\", or \"artisan\".", "Geisha __knowledge__ Another name for geisha is \"Geiko\" (), which translates specifically as \"Woman of Art.\"", "Geisha __knowledge__ This term is used to refer to geisha from Western Japan, which includes Kyoto and Kanazawa.", "Geisha __knowledge__ Apprentice geisha are called \"Maiko\" (), literally \"Woman of Dance\", or \"Hangyoku\" (半玉), \"Half-Jewel\" (meaning that they were paid half of the wage of a full geisha), or by the more generic term \"o-shaku\" (), literally \"one who pours (alcohol)\".", "Systems of social stratification __knowledge__ Detailed anthropological and sociological studies have been made about customs of patrilineal inheritance, where only male children can inherit.", "Systems of social stratification __knowledge__ Some cultures also employ matrilineal succession, where property can only pass along the female line, most commonly going to the sister's sons of the decedent; but also, in some societies, from the mother to her daughters.", "Systems of social stratification __knowledge__ Some ancient societies and most modern states employ egalitarian inheritance, without discrimination based on gender and/or birth order.", "Systems of social stratification __knowledge__ The system of patrilineal primogeniture traditionally prevalent among most southern Bantu tribes is explained in detail by Isabel Moodley: \"Due to the polygynous nature of the customary marriage, African customary law distinguishes between \"family rank\" and \"house rank\".", "List of The Originals characters __knowledge__ \"The Originals\" is an American fantasy-drama television series picked up by The CW for their fall 2013 schedule, after a backdoor pilot for the series aired as an episode of The CW television series \"The Vampire Diaries\" in April 2013.", "List of The Originals characters __knowledge__ It is a spin-off of \"The Vampire Diaries\", sharing a universe with its predecessor.", "List of The Originals characters __knowledge__ It centers on three Mikaelson siblings, Klaus (Joseph Morgan), Elijah (Daniel Gillies), and Rebekah (Claire Holt), collectively known as \"original vampires\", or simply the \"originals\".", "List of The Originals characters __knowledge__ \"The Originals\" is set in the city of New Orleans.", "List of The Originals characters __knowledge__ It was created by Julie Plec.", "List of The Originals characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of series regulars who have appeared in one or more of the series' four seasons.", "David Campese __knowledge__ David Ian Campese, AM (born 21 October 1962), also known as Campo, is a former Australian rugby union player.", "David Campese __knowledge__ Campese was capped by the Wallabies 101 times, and held the world record for the most tries in test matches (64) until Daisuke Ohata scored his 65th try playing for Japan on 14 May 2006.", "David Campese __knowledge__ Campese made his debut for the Wallabies on the 1982 Australia rugby union tour of New Zealand, during which he scored a try in his first two Tests.", "David Campese __knowledge__ In 1983, he equaled the then record for most tries in a Test match for Australia against the USA, scoring four tries.", "David Campese __knowledge__ He was a member of the Eighth Wallabies for the 1984 Australia rugby union tour of Britain and Ireland that won rugby union's \"grand slam\", the first Australian side to defeat all four home nations, England, Ireland, Wales and Scotland, on a tour.", "List of Shameless characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters from the British comedy-drama Shameless, created by Paul Abbott, which began broadcasting on Channel 4 in 2004.", "List of Shameless characters __knowledge__ The programme is set on the fictinal Chatsworth Estate in suburban Manchester and the surrounding area, and primarily follows the lives of the Gallagher family and the neighbouring Maguire family, and their friends and neighbours in the town's shops and local pub The Jockey.", "List of Shameless characters __knowledge__ The first series focuses on layabout Frank Gallagher and the lives of his six children, Fiona and boyfriend Steve, Lip, Ian, Carl, Debbie and Liam, and next-door neighbours, Kev and Veronica.", "Sibling relationship __knowledge__ Siblings play a unique role in one another’s lives that simulates the companionship of parents as well as the influence and assistance of friends.", "Sibling relationship __knowledge__ Because siblings often grow up in the same household, they have a large amount of exposure to one another, like other members of the immediate family.", "Sibling relationship __knowledge__ However, though a sibling relationship can have both hierarchical and reciprocal elements, this relationship tends to be more egalitarian and symmetrical than with family members of other generations.", "Sibling relationship __knowledge__ Furthermore, sibling relationships often reflect the overall condition of cohesiveness within a family.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Mercedes McQueen __knowledge__ Mercedes Maria Theresa Immaculata McQueen (also Owen, Fisher and Browning) is a fictional character from the British Channel 4 soap opera, \"Hollyoaks\", played by Jennifer Metcalfe.", "Mercedes McQueen __knowledge__ She debuted on-screen during the episode airing on 19 June 2006 as the first character to be introduced to the series by series producer, Bryan Kirkwood.", "Mercedes McQueen __knowledge__ In 2008 Metcalfe feared that the character was to be axed but was later reassured by the series producer that she would not be.", "Mercedes McQueen __knowledge__ Metcalfe later stated her intention to stay with the series.", "Mercedes McQueen __knowledge__ Mercedes is part of the McQueen family and is the longest serving McQueen on the series." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sibling __knowledge__ A sibling is one of two or more individuals having one or both parents in common.", "Sibling __knowledge__ A full sibling is a first-degree relative.", "Sibling __knowledge__ A male sibling is a brother, and a female sibling is a sister.", "Sibling __knowledge__ In most societies throughout the world, siblings often grow up together, thereby facilitating the development of strong emotional bonds.", "Sibling __knowledge__ The emotional bond between siblings is often complicated and is influenced by factors such as parental treatment, birth order, personality, and personal experiences outside the family.", "Sibling __knowledge__ However, there are cases where siblings grow up in separate homes, in different environments.", "Sibling __knowledge__ It is known that both nature and nurture figure in development; researchers are attempting to ascertain just which one plays the larger role.", "Sibling __knowledge__ Identical twins share 100% of their DNA.", "Sibling __knowledge__ Full siblings are first-degree relatives and, on average, share 50% of their genes out of those that vary among humans.", "Sibling __knowledge__ Half-siblings are second-degree relatives and have, on average, a 25% overlap in their human genetic variation.", "Sibling __knowledge__ \"Full siblings\" (full brothers or full sisters; or brother and sister) have the same biological parents and are 50% related (full siblings share 50% of their genes out of those that vary among humans).", "Fraternal birth order and male sexual orientation __knowledge__ A correlation between fraternal birth order and male sexual orientation has been suggested by research.", "Fraternal birth order and male sexual orientation __knowledge__ Ray Blanchard identified the association and referred to it as the fraternal birth order effect.", "Fraternal birth order and male sexual orientation __knowledge__ In several studies, the observation is that the more older brothers a man has from the same mother, the greater the probability is that he will have a homosexual orientation.", "Fraternal birth order and male sexual orientation __knowledge__ It has sometimes been called the \"older brother effect\".", "Fraternal birth order and male sexual orientation __knowledge__ It has been estimated that 15% of the homosexual demographic is associated with fraternal birth order.", "Fraternal birth order and male sexual orientation __knowledge__ The fraternal birth order effect has been described by one of its proponents as \"the most consistent biodemographic correlate of sexual orientation in men\".", "Birth order __knowledge__ Birth order refers to the order a child is born in their family; first-born and second-born are examples.", "Birth order __knowledge__ Birth order is often believed to have a profound and lasting effect on psychological development.", "Birth order __knowledge__ This assertion has been repeatedly challenged.", "Birth order __knowledge__ Recent research has consistently found that earlier born children score slightly higher on average on measures of intelligence, but has found zero, or almost zero, robust effect of birth order on personality.", "Birth order __knowledge__ Nevertheless, the notion that birth-order significantly influences personality continues to have a strong presence in pop psychology and popular culture.", "Systems of social stratification __knowledge__ Detailed anthropological and sociological studies have been made about customs of patrilineal inheritance, where only male children can inherit.", "Systems of social stratification __knowledge__ Some cultures also employ matrilineal succession, where property can only pass along the female line, most commonly going to the sister's sons of the decedent; but also, in some societies, from the mother to her daughters.", "Systems of social stratification __knowledge__ Some ancient societies and most modern states employ egalitarian inheritance, without discrimination based on gender and/or birth order.", "Systems of social stratification __knowledge__ The system of patrilineal primogeniture traditionally prevalent among most southern Bantu tribes is explained in detail by Isabel Moodley: \"Due to the polygynous nature of the customary marriage, African customary law distinguishes between \"family rank\" and \"house rank\".", "Sibling relationship __knowledge__ Siblings play a unique role in one another’s lives that simulates the companionship of parents as well as the influence and assistance of friends.", "Sibling relationship __knowledge__ Because siblings often grow up in the same household, they have a large amount of exposure to one another, like other members of the immediate family.", "Sibling relationship __knowledge__ However, though a sibling relationship can have both hierarchical and reciprocal elements, this relationship tends to be more egalitarian and symmetrical than with family members of other generations.", "Sibling relationship __knowledge__ Furthermore, sibling relationships often reflect the overall condition of cohesiveness within a family.", "Alfred Adler __knowledge__ Alfred W. Adler(; ; 7 February 1870 – 28 May 1937) was an Austrian medical doctor, psychotherapist, and founder of the school of individual psychology.", "Alfred Adler __knowledge__ His emphasis on the importance of feelings of inferiority, the inferiority complex, is recognized as an isolating element which plays a key role in personality development.", "Alfred Adler __knowledge__ Alfred Adler considered human beings as an individual whole, therefore he called his psychology \"Individual Psychology\" (Orgler 1976).", "Alfred Adler __knowledge__ Adler was the first to emphasize the importance of the social element in the re-adjustment process of the individual and who carried psychiatry into the community.", "Historical inheritance systems __knowledge__ Historical inheritance systems are different systems of inheritance among various people.", "Historical inheritance systems __knowledge__ Detailed anthropological and sociological studies have been made about customs of patrilineal inheritance, where only male children can inherit.", "Historical inheritance systems __knowledge__ Some cultures also employ matrilineal succession, where property can only pass along the female line, most commonly going to the sister's sons of the decedent; but also, in some societies, from the mother to her daughters.", "Historical inheritance systems __knowledge__ Some ancient societies and most modern states employ egalitarian inheritance, without discrimination based on gender and/or birth order.", "Historical inheritance systems __knowledge__ Land inheritance customs greatly vary across cultures.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Sister Wives __knowledge__ Sister Wives is an American reality television series broadcast on TLC that premiered on September 26, 2010.", "Sister Wives __knowledge__ The show documents the life of a polygamist family, which includes patriarch Kody Brown, his four wives, and their 18 children.", "Sister Wives __knowledge__ The family began the series living in Lehi, Utah, but has since moved to Las Vegas, Nevada in 2011.", "Sister Wives __knowledge__ Brown and his four wives have stated they participated in the show to make the public more aware of polygamist families and to combat societal prejudices.", "Sister Wives __knowledge__ Brown believes his polygamist arrangement is legal because he is legally married only to one woman, and the other marriages are spiritual unions.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "Living apart together __knowledge__ Couples living apart together (LAT) have an intimate relationship but live at separate addresses.", "Living apart together __knowledge__ LAT couples account for around 10% of adults in Britain, a figure which equates to over a quarter of all those not married or cohabiting.", "Living apart together __knowledge__ Similar figures are recorded for other countries in northern Europe, including Belgium, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Norway and Sweden.", "Living apart together __knowledge__ Research suggests similar or even higher rates in southern Europe, although here LAT couples often remain in parental households.", "Living apart together __knowledge__ In Australia, Canada and the US representative surveys indicate that between 6% and 9% of the adult population has a partner who lives elsewhere.", "Casa Alianza __knowledge__ Casa Alianza is an international non-profit organization and the Latin American branch of Covenant House.", "Casa Alianza __knowledge__ It is a charity and NGO whose aims are the rehabilitation and the defence of street children.", "Casa Alianza __knowledge__ It was first set up in Guatemala in 1981, then Honduras in 1987 and Mexico in 1988, then in Nicaragua in 1998.", "Casa Alianza __knowledge__ Casa Alianza provides a range of services from street outreach to legal aid services and care for over 12,000 children a year.", "Casa Alianza __knowledge__ Casa Alianza was founded in Latin America in 1981 in response to the rampant human rights abuses taking place throughout the region.", "Casa Alianza __knowledge__ Casa Alianza was founded by the U.S.-based organization Covenant House, with the first site being founded in Guatemala." ] ]

[ 1, 46, 6, 22 ]

[ "I have no siblings, because I don't share my parents with anyone! I'm an only child.", "I am sorry I missed out playing a role in someone's else's life as their sibling, whether half, whole, or step.", "Yeah, that happens, and sometimes there are siblings who grow up in separate homes.", "Supposedly birth order determines things about your personality. Did you find this to be the case with you and your siblings?" ]

[ "Sibling", "Sibling", "Sibling", "Sibling" ]

[ "Dallas", "Hi John I am also from Texas, do you like it?", "Dallas is pretty big, but I live in a small town. What can Dallas offer?", "I did not know about the cotton industry, we have some here but it is mostly wine and pecans." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dallas __knowledge__ Dallas () is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.", "Dallas __knowledge__ It is the most populous city in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex, which is the fourth most populous metropolitan area in the United States.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The city's population ranks ninth in the U.S. and third in Texas after Houston and San Antonio.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The city's prominence arose from its historical importance as a center for the oil and cotton industries, and its position along numerous railroad lines.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The bulk of the city is in Dallas County, of which it is the county seat; however, sections of the city are located in Collin, Denton, Kaufman, and Rockwall counties.", "Dallas __knowledge__ According to the 2010 United States Census, the city had a population of 1,197,816.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The United States Census Bureau's estimate for the city's population increased to 1,317,929 as of July 1, 2016.", "Dallas __knowledge__ Dallas is one of the fastest-growing cities in the United States.", "Dallas __knowledge__ From 2010 to 2016, Dallas recorded the highest net domestic migration in the country, in excess of 300,000.", "Dallas __knowledge__ Overall, the Dallas–Fort Worth metro area had the second largest population increase among metro areas in the U.S., which recorded a population of 7,233,323 as of July 1, 2016, an increase of 807,000 people since the 2010 census." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dallas __knowledge__ Dallas () is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.", "Dallas __knowledge__ It is the most populous city in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex, which is the fourth most populous metropolitan area in the United States.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The city's population ranks ninth in the U.S. and third in Texas after Houston and San Antonio.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The city's prominence arose from its historical importance as a center for the oil and cotton industries, and its position along numerous railroad lines.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The bulk of the city is in Dallas County, of which it is the county seat; however, sections of the city are located in Collin, Denton, Kaufman, and Rockwall counties.", "Dallas __knowledge__ According to the 2010 United States Census, the city had a population of 1,197,816.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The United States Census Bureau's estimate for the city's population increased to 1,317,929 as of July 1, 2016.", "Dallas __knowledge__ Dallas is one of the fastest-growing cities in the United States.", "Dallas __knowledge__ From 2010 to 2016, Dallas recorded the highest net domestic migration in the country, in excess of 300,000.", "Dallas __knowledge__ Overall, the Dallas–Fort Worth metro area had the second largest population increase among metro areas in the U.S., which recorded a population of 7,233,323 as of July 1, 2016, an increase of 807,000 people since the 2010 census.", "Telecommunications device for the deaf __knowledge__ A telecommunications device for the deaf (TDD) is a teleprinter, an electronic device for text communication over a telephone line, that is designed for use by persons with hearing or speech difficulties.", "Telecommunications device for the deaf __knowledge__ Other names for the device include teletypewriter (TTY), textphone (common in Europe), and minicom (United Kingdom).", "Telecommunications device for the deaf __knowledge__ The typical TDD is a device about the size of a typewriter or laptop computer with a QWERTY keyboard and small screen that uses an LED, LCD, or VFD screen to display typed text electronically.", "Telecommunications device for the deaf __knowledge__ In addition, TDDs commonly have a small spool of paper on which text is also printedold versions of the device had only a printer and no screen.", "Korean natural farming __knowledge__ Korean Natural Farming (KNF) takes advantage of indigenous microorganisms (IMO) (bacteria, fungi, nematodes and protozoa) to produce fertile soils that yield high output without the use of herbicides or pesticides.", "Korean natural farming __knowledge__ A result is improvement in soil health, improving loaminess, tilth and structure, and attracting large numbers of earthworms.", "Korean natural farming __knowledge__ KNF also enables odor-free hog and poultry farming without the need to dispose of effluent.", "Korean natural farming __knowledge__ This practice has spread to over 30 countries, and is used by individuals and commercial farms.", "Korean natural farming __knowledge__ Cho Han Kyu, or Cho Han-kyu, born in 1935 in Suwon, Gyeonggi Province, Korea, invented the Korean Natural Farming method.", "JavaScript syntax __knowledge__ The syntax of JavaScript is the set of rules that define a correctly structured JavaScript program.", "JavaScript syntax __knowledge__ The examples below make use of the log function of the console object present in most browsers for standard text output.", "JavaScript syntax __knowledge__ The JavaScript standard library lacks an official standard text output function.", "JavaScript syntax __knowledge__ Given that JavaScript is mainly used for client-side scripting within modern Web browsers, and that almost all Web browsers provide the alert function, alert can also be used, but is not commonly used.", "JavaScript syntax __knowledge__ Brendan Eich summarized the ancestry of the syntax in the first paragraph of the JavaScript 1.1 specification as follows: JavaScript is case sensitive.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ Hi-5 are an Australian children's musical group formed in 1998, who are associated with the children's television series of the same name.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ As of December 2016, the members are Lachie Dearing, Courtney Clarke, Shay Clifford, Joe Kalou and Bailey Spalding.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The group is aimed at preschoolers, composed of five performers who entertain and educate children through music, movement and play.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ \"Hi-5\" was created by Helena Harris and Posie Graeme-Evans, initially a television series for the Nine Network, which premiered in 1999.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The cast of the show became a recognised musical group for children.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The original members were Kellie Crawford, Kathleen de Leon Jones, Nathan Foley, Tim Harding and Charli Robinson.", "Radio receiver __knowledge__ In radio communications, a radio receiver (radio) is an electronic device that receives radio waves and converts the information carried by them to a usable form.", "Radio receiver __knowledge__ It is used with an antenna.", "Radio receiver __knowledge__ The antenna intercepts radio waves (electromagnetic waves) and converts them to tiny alternating currents which are applied to the receiver, and the receiver extracts the desired information.", "Radio receiver __knowledge__ The receiver uses electronic filters to separate the desired radio frequency signal from all the other signals picked up by the antenna, an electronic amplifier to increase the power of the signal for further processing, and finally recovers the desired information through demodulation.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ The 2009–10 season is Sunderland's third consecutive season in the top division of English football, the Premier League.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Ricky Sbragia was replaced by Steve Bruce in the close season.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ His aim is to improve on the club's 16th position the previous season.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Darren Bent was the top scorer in the Premier League with 24 goals.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Andy Reid was the top scorer in the League Cup with two goals.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Fraizer Campbell was the top scorer in the FA Cup with two goals.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Darren Bent was the top scorer in all competitions with 25 goals.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ At the end of the season, Darren Bent won both the club's official Player of the Season and the SAFC Supporters' Association awards.", "Hi-MD __knowledge__ In January 2004, Sony announced the Hi-MD media storage format as a further development of the MiniDisc format.", "Hi-MD __knowledge__ With its release in later 2004, came the ability to use newly developed, high-capacity 1 gigabyte Hi-MD discs, sporting the same dimensions as regular MiniDiscs.", "Hi-MD __knowledge__ The Hi-MD format can be considered obsolete as the last recorder/player was discontinued in 2011.", "Hi-MD __knowledge__ The discs themselves were withdrawn from sale in September 2012, though regular MiniDiscs are still available ().", "Hi-MD __knowledge__ Hi-MD offers the choice of several codecs for audio recording: PCM, Hi-SP and Hi-LP, each selectable on the Hi-MD Walkman itself.", "Texas __knowledge__ Texas (, ; ) is the second-largest state in the United States by both area and population.", "Texas __knowledge__ Geographically located in the South Central region of the country, Texas shares borders with the U.S. states of Louisiana to the east, Arkansas to the northeast, Oklahoma to the north, New Mexico to the west, and the Mexican states of Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, and Tamaulipas to the southwest, while the Gulf of Mexico is to the southeast.", "Texas __knowledge__ Houston is the most populous city in Texas and the fourth largest in the U.S., while San Antonio is the second-most populous in the state and seventh largest in the U.S. Dallas–Fort Worth and Greater Houston are the fourth and fifth largest metropolitan statistical areas in the country, respectively.", "World Class Championship Wrestling __knowledge__ World Class Championship Wrestling (WCCW), also known as the World Class Wrestling Association (WCWA), was an American professional wrestling promotion headquartered in Dallas and Fort Worth, Texas.", "World Class Championship Wrestling __knowledge__ Originally owned by promoter Ed McLemore, by 1966 it was run by Southwest Sports, Inc., whose president, Jack Adkisson, was better known as wrestler Fritz Von Erich.", "World Class Championship Wrestling __knowledge__ Beginning as a territory of the National Wrestling Alliance (NWA), it went independent in 1986 in a bid to become a major national promotion, but was unsuccessful in its attempts and eventually went out of business in 1990.", "World Class Championship Wrestling __knowledge__ Rights to the pre-1989 WCCW tape library belong to WWE (the post-1988 rights are owned by International World Class Championship Wrestling) and selected programming from 1982 to 1988 are available to be viewed on the WWE Network.", "University of North Texas __knowledge__ The University of North Texas (UNT) is a public research university based in Denton, Texas with programs in natural, formal, and social sciences, engineering, liberal arts, fine arts, performing arts, humanities, public policy, graduate professional education, and post-doc research.", "University of North Texas __knowledge__ Ten colleges, two schools, an early admissions math and science academy for exceptional high-school-age students from across the state, and a library system comprise the university core.", "University of North Texas __knowledge__ Its research is driven by about 38 doctoral degree programs.", "University of North Texas __knowledge__ During the 2013–2014 school year, the university had a budget of $865 million, of which $40 million was allocated for research.", "University of Texas at Dallas __knowledge__ The University of Texas at Dallas (UTD or UT Dallas) is a public research university in the University of Texas System.", "University of Texas at Dallas __knowledge__ The main campus is in the Richardson, Texas, Telecom Corridor, north of downtown Dallas.", "University of Texas at Dallas __knowledge__ The institution, established in 1961 as the Graduate Research Center of the Southwest and later renamed the Southwest Center for Advanced Studies (SCAS), began as a research arm of Texas Instruments.", "University of Texas at Dallas __knowledge__ In 1969, the founders bequeathed SCAS to the state of Texas officially creating The University of Texas at Dallas.", "University of Texas at Dallas __knowledge__ The Carnegie Foundation classifies the university as a doctoral research university with \"Highest Research Activity\" and the undergraduate admissions as \"more selective,\" both being the highest rank conferred by the foundation.", "WFAA __knowledge__ WFAA, virtual and VHF digital channel 8, is an ABC-affiliated television station licensed to Dallas, Texas, United States and serving the Dallas–Fort Worth Metroplex.", "WFAA __knowledge__ The station is owned by Tegna, Inc. WFAA maintains business offices and secondary studio facilities at the WFAA Communications Center Studios on Young Street in downtown Dallas (next to the offices of its former sister newspaper under the ownership of former parent company Belo, \"The Dallas Morning News\"), and operates a primary studio facility, which is used for the production of WFAA's newscasts and also houses certain other business operations handled by the station, in the Victory Park neighborhood (near Olive and Houston Streets, next to the American Airlines Center) in central Dallas; the station's transmitter is located south of Belt Line Road in Cedar Hill.", "John F. Kennedy assassination conspiracy theories __knowledge__ The assassination of John F. Kennedy on November 22, 1963 has spurred numerous conspiracy theories, which include accusations of involvement of the CIA, the Mafia, sitting Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson, Cuban Prime Minister Fidel Castro, the KGB, or even some combination thereof.", "John F. Kennedy assassination conspiracy theories __knowledge__ Some conspiracy theories further claim that the United States federal government covered up crucial information in the aftermath of the assassination.", "John F. Kennedy assassination conspiracy theories __knowledge__ Former Los Angeles District Attorney Vincent Bugliosi estimated that a total of 42 groups, 82 assassins, and 214 people had been accused at one time or another in various conspiracy scenarios." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dallas __knowledge__ Dallas () is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.", "Dallas __knowledge__ It is the most populous city in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex, which is the fourth most populous metropolitan area in the United States.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The city's population ranks ninth in the U.S. and third in Texas after Houston and San Antonio.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The city's prominence arose from its historical importance as a center for the oil and cotton industries, and its position along numerous railroad lines.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The bulk of the city is in Dallas County, of which it is the county seat; however, sections of the city are located in Collin, Denton, Kaufman, and Rockwall counties.", "Dallas __knowledge__ According to the 2010 United States Census, the city had a population of 1,197,816.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The United States Census Bureau's estimate for the city's population increased to 1,317,929 as of July 1, 2016.", "Dallas __knowledge__ Dallas is one of the fastest-growing cities in the United States.", "Dallas __knowledge__ From 2010 to 2016, Dallas recorded the highest net domestic migration in the country, in excess of 300,000.", "Dallas __knowledge__ Overall, the Dallas–Fort Worth metro area had the second largest population increase among metro areas in the U.S., which recorded a population of 7,233,323 as of July 1, 2016, an increase of 807,000 people since the 2010 census.", "Bibio __knowledge__ Stephen Wilkinson (born December 4, 1978), better known as Bibio, is an English music producer.", "Bibio __knowledge__ His music is primarily electronic and experimental in nature.", "Bibio __knowledge__ He currently releases music on Warp Records, and previously on Mush Records.", "Bibio __knowledge__ A resident of Wolverhampton in the West Midlands, England, Wilkinson developed a passion for experimental music during his time at Middlesex University in London, where he studied \"sonic arts\".", "Bibio __knowledge__ He developed his own style of music, drawing from contemporary experimental electronica bands such as Boards of Canada, and incorporating field recordings and found sounds.", "Bibio femoratus __knowledge__ Bibio femoratus is commonly known as the March fly.", "Bibio femoratus __knowledge__ \"Bibio femoratus\" is one of at least 90 types of March flies, which occur in the United States and Canada.", "Bibio femoratus __knowledge__ In the southeastern United States, especially around the Gulf Coast, \"Bibio femoratus\" is known as the lovebug.", "Bibio femoratus __knowledge__ \"Bibio femoratus\" is a fly (Diptera) in the family Bibionidae.", "Bibio femoratus __knowledge__ There are approximately 650-700 species known worldwide, with at least 90 of them in the genus Bibio.", "Bibio femoratus __knowledge__ \"Bibio femoratus\" was described by the German entomologist Christian Rudolph Wilhelm Wiedemann in 1820.", "Bibio femoratus __knowledge__ \"Bibio femoratus\" is medium-sized and usually black, though the thorax and legs can be orange or red.", "Valene Ewing __knowledge__ Valene \"Val\" Ewing (maiden name Clements, formerly Gibson, Waleska), portrayed by Joan Van Ark, is a fictional character in the CBS primetime soap opera \"Knots Landing\", a spin-off from the long-running series \"Dallas\", in which she also appeared.", "Valene Ewing __knowledge__ The character originated on \"Dallas\" in 1978 as the mother of Lucy Ewing and ex-wife of Gary Ewing (the second son of oil baron Jock and Miss Ellie Ewing).", "Valene Ewing __knowledge__ Van Ark made several guest appearances on \"Dallas\" before becoming one of the main stars of the spin-off \"Knots Landing\" in December 1979, though she continued to make small appearances in \"Dallas\" for the next several years.", "WFAA __knowledge__ WFAA, virtual and VHF digital channel 8, is an ABC-affiliated television station licensed to Dallas, Texas, United States and serving the Dallas–Fort Worth Metroplex.", "WFAA __knowledge__ The station is owned by Tegna, Inc. WFAA maintains business offices and secondary studio facilities at the WFAA Communications Center Studios on Young Street in downtown Dallas (next to the offices of its former sister newspaper under the ownership of former parent company Belo, \"The Dallas Morning News\"), and operates a primary studio facility, which is used for the production of WFAA's newscasts and also houses certain other business operations handled by the station, in the Victory Park neighborhood (near Olive and Houston Streets, next to the American Airlines Center) in central Dallas; the station's transmitter is located south of Belt Line Road in Cedar Hill.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ The Dallas Mavericks (often referred to as the Mavs) are an American professional basketball team based in Dallas, Texas.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ The Mavericks compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member club of the league's Western Conference Southwest Division.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ The team plays its home games at the American Airlines Center, which it shares with the National Hockey League's Dallas Stars.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ According to a 2016 \"Forbes\" magazine report, they are the ninth most valuable basketball franchise in the NBA, valued at approximately $1.4 billion.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ As of the 2017 season, the Mavericks have sold out 704 consecutive games since December 15, 2001, the longest currently running sellout streak in North American major league sports.", "Stevie Ray Vaughan __knowledge__ Stephen Ray Vaughan (October 3, 1954 – August 27, 1990) was an American musician, singer, songwriter, and record producer.", "Stevie Ray Vaughan __knowledge__ In spite of a short-lived mainstream career spanning seven years, he was one of the most influential guitarists in the revival of blues in the 1980s.", "Stevie Ray Vaughan __knowledge__ AllMusic describes him as \"a rocking powerhouse of a guitarist who gave blues a burst of momentum in the '80s, with influence still felt long after his tragic death.\"", "Stevie Ray Vaughan __knowledge__ Born and raised in Dallas, Texas, Vaughan began playing guitar at the age of seven, inspired by his older brother Jimmie.", "Stevie Ray Vaughan __knowledge__ In 1971 he dropped out of high school, and moved to Austin the following year.", "List of Hunter × Hunter characters __knowledge__ The \"Hunter × Hunter\" manga and anime series features an extensive cast of characters created by Yoshihiro Togashi.", "List of Hunter × Hunter characters __knowledge__ The series takes place in a fictional universe where licensed specialists known as Hunters travel the world taking on special jobs ranging from treasure hunting to assassinations.", "List of Hunter × Hunter characters __knowledge__ The story focuses on 12-year-old Gon Freecss and his quest to become a Hunter in order to find his father, Ging Freecss, who is himself a famous Hunter.", "List of Hunter × Hunter characters __knowledge__ While on his quest, Gon meets and becomes close friends with three other members who are also on a quest to become Hunters for their own reasons.", "List of Hunter × Hunter characters __knowledge__ is the main protagonist of the series and an athletic, naïve, and friendly boy.", "Business in Maryland __knowledge__ Maryland's leading industries by employment are health care and social assistance, state and local government, retail trade, and professional and technical services.", "Business in Maryland __knowledge__ Maryland's Gross State Product (GSP) was $295.4 billion in 2010.", "Business in Maryland __knowledge__ The Government sector produced $52.1 billion and accounted for 18 percent of Maryland's GSP in 2009.", "Business in Maryland __knowledge__ Federal government, including military and civilian, accounted for slightly more than half at just over $27 billion, while state and local government combined for nearly $25 billion.", "Business in Maryland __knowledge__ The Fort George G. Meade military installation, which includes employees of the National Security Agency, is the state's biggest employer at 44,540.", "United States __knowledge__ The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.", "United States __knowledge__ At 3.8 million square miles (9.8 million km) and with over 325 million people, the United States is the world's third- or fourth-largest country by total area and the third-most populous.", "United States __knowledge__ The capital is Washington, D.C., and the largest city by population is New York City.", "United States __knowledge__ Forty-eight states and the capital's federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico.", "Johnny Davis (American football) __knowledge__ Johnny Lee Davis (born July 17, 1956) is a retired American football running back who played ten seasons in the NFL from (1978–1987).", "Johnny Davis (American football) __knowledge__ Davis won a Super Bowl Ring XVI with the San Francisco 49ers.", "Johnny Davis (American football) __knowledge__ He is a graduate of the prestigious Sidney Lanier High School in Montgomery Alabama and The University of Alabama in Tuscaloosa.", "Johnny Davis (American football) __knowledge__ High School Career: Captain as a Senior at Sidney Lanier, 4-year letter winner for Coach Bill Joiner as RB/LB, Coach and Athlete Magazine High School All-America Team 1973, The Birmingham News First Team All-State 1973, All-Class 4A 1973, All-City 1973, Named Mr. Back in Montgomery – rushed for 1,152, 250 carries, 6 TD’s yards as a senior, AHSAA North-South All-Star Game 1974 – named the Most Valuable Back, Earned 5 letters in track – discuss and shotput.", "Dan Brouthers __knowledge__ Dennis Joseph \"Dan\" Brouthers (; May 8, 1858 – August 2, 1932) was an American first baseman in Major League Baseball whose career spanned the period from to , with a brief return in .", "Dan Brouthers __knowledge__ Nicknamed \"Big Dan\" for his size, he was and weighed , which was large by 19th-century standards.", "Dan Brouthers __knowledge__ Recognized as the first great slugger in baseball history, and among the greatest sluggers of his era, he held the record for career home runs from to , with his final total of 106 tying for the fourth most of the 19th century.", "Dan Brouthers __knowledge__ His career slugging percentage of .519 remained the Major League record for a player with at least 4,000 at bats until Ty Cobb edged ahead of him in 1922.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama is a state in the southeastern region of the United States.", "Alabama __knowledge__ It is bordered by Tennessee to the north, Georgia to the east, Florida and the Gulf of Mexico to the south, and Mississippi to the west.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama is the 30th largest by area and the 24th-most populous of the U.S. states.", "Alabama __knowledge__ With a total of of inland waterways, Alabama has among the most of any state.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama is nicknamed the \"Yellowhammer State\", after the state bird.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama is also known as the \"Heart of Dixie\" and the \"Cotton State\".", "Alabama __knowledge__ The state tree is the longleaf pine, and the state flower is the camellia.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama's capital is Montgomery." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dallas __knowledge__ Dallas () is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.", "Dallas __knowledge__ It is the most populous city in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex, which is the fourth most populous metropolitan area in the United States.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The city's population ranks ninth in the U.S. and third in Texas after Houston and San Antonio.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The city's prominence arose from its historical importance as a center for the oil and cotton industries, and its position along numerous railroad lines.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The bulk of the city is in Dallas County, of which it is the county seat; however, sections of the city are located in Collin, Denton, Kaufman, and Rockwall counties.", "Dallas __knowledge__ According to the 2010 United States Census, the city had a population of 1,197,816.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The United States Census Bureau's estimate for the city's population increased to 1,317,929 as of July 1, 2016.", "Dallas __knowledge__ Dallas is one of the fastest-growing cities in the United States.", "Dallas __knowledge__ From 2010 to 2016, Dallas recorded the highest net domestic migration in the country, in excess of 300,000.", "Dallas __knowledge__ Overall, the Dallas–Fort Worth metro area had the second largest population increase among metro areas in the U.S., which recorded a population of 7,233,323 as of July 1, 2016, an increase of 807,000 people since the 2010 census.", "History of cotton __knowledge__ The history of cotton can be traced to domestication.", "History of cotton __knowledge__ Cotton played an important role in the history of India, the British Empire, and the United States, and continues to be an important crop and commodity.", "History of cotton __knowledge__ The history of the domestication of cotton is very complex and is not known exactly.", "History of cotton __knowledge__ Several isolated civilizations in both the Old and New World independently domesticated and converted cotton into fabric.", "History of cotton __knowledge__ All the same tools were invented, including combs, bows, hand spindles, and primitive looms.", "History of cotton __knowledge__ The oldest cotton textiles were found in graves and city ruins of civilizations from dry climates, where the fabrics did not decay completely.", "Cotton __knowledge__ Cotton is a soft, fluffy staple fiber that grows in a boll, or protective case, around the seeds of the cotton plants of the genus \"Gossypium\" in the mallow family \"Malvaceae\".", "Cotton __knowledge__ The fiber is almost pure cellulose.", "Cotton __knowledge__ Under natural conditions, the cotton bolls will increase the dispersal of the seeds.", "Cotton __knowledge__ The plant is a shrub native to tropical and subtropical regions around the world, including the Americas, Africa, and India.", "Cotton __knowledge__ The greatest diversity of wild cotton species is found in Mexico, followed by Australia and Africa.", "Cotton __knowledge__ Cotton was independently domesticated in the Old and New Worlds.", "Cotton __knowledge__ The fiber is most often spun into yarn or thread and used to make a soft, breathable textile.", "The British Cotton Growing Association __knowledge__ The British Cotton Growing Association (BCGA) was an organisation of the various bodies connected with the Lancashire cotton industry formed in 1902 to reduce that industry’s dependence on supplies of raw cotton from the United States by promoting the development of cotton growing in the British Empire.", "The British Cotton Growing Association __knowledge__ It was described as a “semi-philanthropic” organisation, or combination of Non-governmental organization and a development agency, as it provided development funds without requiring any direct repayment, but did expect the Lancashire cotton industry to benefit indirectly in the longer term from more secure cotton supplies.", "Slavery in the United States __knowledge__ Slavery in the United States was the legal institution of human chattel enslavement, primarily of Africans and African Americans, that existed in the United States of America in the 18th and 19th centuries after it gained independence and before the end of the American Civil War.", "Slavery in the United States __knowledge__ Slavery had been practiced in British America from early colonial days, and was legal in all Thirteen Colonies at the time of the Declaration of Independence in 1776.", "Slavery in the United States __knowledge__ By the time of the American Revolution (1775–1783), the status of slave had been institutionalized as a racial caste associated with African ancestry.", "Slavery in the United States __knowledge__ When the United States Constitution was ratified (1789), a relatively small number of free people of color were among the voting citizens (male property owners).", "Textile manufacture during the Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ Textile manufacture during the Industrial Revolution in Britain was centred in south Lancashire and the towns on both sides of the Pennines.", "Textile manufacture during the Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ In Germany it was concentrated in the Wupper Valley, Ruhr Region and Upper Silesia, while in the United States it was in New England.", "Textile manufacture during the Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The four key drivers of the Industrial Revolution were textile manufacturing, iron founding, steam power and cheap labour.", "Textile manufacture during the Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ Before the 18th century, the manufacture of cloth was performed by individual workers, in the premises in which they lived and goods were transported around the country by packhorses or by river navigations and contour-following canals that had been constructed in the early 18th century.", "Derwent Valley Mills __knowledge__ Derwent Valley Mills is a World Heritage Site along the River Derwent in Derbyshire, England, designated in December 2001.", "Derwent Valley Mills __knowledge__ It is administered by the Derwent Valley Mills Partnership.", "Derwent Valley Mills __knowledge__ The modern factory, or 'mill', system was born here in the 18th century to accommodate the new technology for spinning cotton developed by Richard Arkwright.", "Derwent Valley Mills __knowledge__ With advancements in technology, it became possible to produce cotton continuously.", "Derwent Valley Mills __knowledge__ The system was adopted throughout the valley, and later spread so that by 1788 there were over 200 Arkwright-type mills in Britain.", "Derwent Valley Mills __knowledge__ Arkwright's inventions and system of organising labour was exported to Europe and the United States.", "Cotton production in the United States __knowledge__ Cotton production is an important economic factor in the United States as the country leads, worldwide, in cotton exportation.", "Cotton production in the United States __knowledge__ The United States is ranked third in production, behind China and India.", "Cotton production in the United States __knowledge__ Almost all of the cotton fiber growth and production occurs in southern and western states, dominated by Texas, California, Arizona, Mississippi, Arkansas, and Louisiana.", "Cotton production in the United States __knowledge__ More than 99 percent of the cotton grown in the US is of the Upland variety, with the rest being American Pima.", "Cotton production in the United States __knowledge__ Cotton production is a $25 billion-per-year industry in the United States, employing over 200,000 people in total, as against growth of forty billion pounds a year from 77 million acres of land covering more than eighty countries.", "Texas __knowledge__ Texas (, ; ) is the second-largest state in the United States by both area and population.", "Texas __knowledge__ Geographically located in the South Central region of the country, Texas shares borders with the U.S. states of Louisiana to the east, Arkansas to the northeast, Oklahoma to the north, New Mexico to the west, and the Mexican states of Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, and Tamaulipas to the southwest, while the Gulf of Mexico is to the southeast.", "Texas __knowledge__ Houston is the most populous city in Texas and the fourth largest in the U.S., while San Antonio is the second-most populous in the state and seventh largest in the U.S. Dallas–Fort Worth and Greater Houston are the fourth and fifth largest metropolitan statistical areas in the country, respectively.", "Cattle drives in the United States __knowledge__ Cattle drives, were a major economic activity in the 19th century American West, particularly between 1866 and 1886.", "Cattle drives in the United States __knowledge__ In this period, 20 million cattle were driven from Texas to railheads in Kansas, for shipment to stockyards in Chicago and points east.", "Cattle drives in the United States __knowledge__ The long distances covered, the need for periodic rests by riders and animals, and the establishment of railheads led to the development of \"cow towns\" across the frontier.", "Cattle drives in the United States __knowledge__ Due to the extensive treatment of cattle drives in fiction and film, the cowboy has become the worldwide iconic image of the American West, where cattle drives still occur.", "Cattle drives in the United States __knowledge__ Cattle drives represented a compromise between the desire to get cattle to market as quickly as possible and the need to maintain the animals at a marketable weight.", "History of Dallas __knowledge__ This article traces the history of Dallas, Texas (USA).", "History of Dallas __knowledge__ The Caddo inhabited the Dallas area before it was claimed, along with the rest of Texas, as a part of the Spanish Viceroyalty of New Spain in the 16th century.", "History of Dallas __knowledge__ The area was also claimed by the French, but in 1819 the Adams-Onís Treaty officially placed Dallas well within Spanish territory by making the Red River the northern boundary of New Spain.", "History of Dallas __knowledge__ One European who probably visited the Dallas area was Athanase de Mezieres in 1778.", "History of Dallas __knowledge__ De Mezieres, a Frenchman in the service of the King of Spain probably crossed the West Fork of the Trinity River near present-day Fort Worth, having followed the western edge of the Eastern Cross Timbers from the Tawakoni Village on the Brazos River near present Waco.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The economic history of the United States is about characteristics of and important developments in the U.S. economy from colonial times to the present.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The emphasis is on economic performance and how it was affected by new technologies, the change of size in economic sectors and the effects of legislation and government policy.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ Specialized business history is covered in American business history.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The colonial economy differed significantly from that of most other regions in that land and natural resources were abundant in America but labor was scarce.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ From 1700 to 1775 the output of the thirteen colonies increased 12 fold, giving the colonies an economy about 30% the size of Britain's at the time of independence.", "History of Texas __knowledge__ The recorded history of Texas begins with the arrival of the first Spanish conquistadors in the region of North America now known as Texas in 1519, who found the region populated by numerous Native American / Indian tribes.", "History of Texas __knowledge__ The Native Americans' ancestors had been there for more than 10,000 years as evidenced by the discovery of the remains of prehistoric Leanderthal Lady.", "History of Texas __knowledge__ During the period of recorded history from A.D. 1519 to 1848, all or parts of Texas were claimed by five countries: France, Spain, Mexico, the Republic of Texas, the United States of America—as well as the secessionist Confederate States of America in 1861–1865, during the American Civil War." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 4, 4 ]

[ "Hi I'm John. I'm from Dallas, the U.S. state of Texas", "I love it, wouldn't be any where else. The city's population ranks ninth in the U.S", "You could do a cattle drive. Dallas became important because of the oil and cotton industries", "Also the the fact that Dallas was ideally situated along along numerous railroad lines enabled the city to rise in prominence " ]

[ "Dallas", "Dallas", "Dallas", "Dallas" ]

[ "Rose", "That sounds pretty cool. I don't know a lot about flowers. What colors can that flower be?", "Those are pretty colors. What is your favorite place to look at roses? Do you have a garden?", "How much time do you find yourself gardening during the week? Is that a hobby that you really enjoy?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rose __knowledge__ A rose is a woody perennial flowering plant of the genus Rosa, in the family Rosaceae, or the flower it bears.", "Rose __knowledge__ There are over a hundred species and thousands of cultivars.", "Rose __knowledge__ They form a group of plants that can be erect shrubs, climbing or trailing with stems that are often armed with sharp prickles.", "Rose __knowledge__ Flowers vary in size and shape and are usually large and showy, in colours ranging from white through yellows and reds.", "Rose __knowledge__ Most species are native to Asia, with smaller numbers native to Europe, North America, and northwestern Africa.", "Rose __knowledge__ Species, cultivars and hybrids are all widely grown for their beauty and often are fragrant.", "Rose __knowledge__ Roses have acquired cultural significance in many societies.", "Rose __knowledge__ Rose plants range in size from compact, miniature roses, to climbers that can reach seven meters in height.", "Rose __knowledge__ Different species hybridize easily, and this has been used in the development of the wide range of garden roses.", "Rose __knowledge__ The name \"rose\" comes from French, itself from Latin \"rosa\", which was perhaps borrowed from Oscan, from Greek ρόδον \"rhódon\" (Aeolic βρόδον \"wródon\"), itself borrowed from Old Persian \"wrd-\" (\"wurdi\"), related to Avestan \"varəδa\", Sogdian \"ward\", Parthian \"wâr\".", "Rose __knowledge__ The leaves are borne alternately on the stem." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rose __knowledge__ A rose is a woody perennial flowering plant of the genus Rosa, in the family Rosaceae, or the flower it bears.", "Rose __knowledge__ There are over a hundred species and thousands of cultivars.", "Rose __knowledge__ They form a group of plants that can be erect shrubs, climbing or trailing with stems that are often armed with sharp prickles.", "Rose __knowledge__ Flowers vary in size and shape and are usually large and showy, in colours ranging from white through yellows and reds.", "Rose __knowledge__ Most species are native to Asia, with smaller numbers native to Europe, North America, and northwestern Africa.", "Rose __knowledge__ Species, cultivars and hybrids are all widely grown for their beauty and often are fragrant.", "Rose __knowledge__ Roses have acquired cultural significance in many societies.", "Rose __knowledge__ Rose plants range in size from compact, miniature roses, to climbers that can reach seven meters in height.", "Rose __knowledge__ Different species hybridize easily, and this has been used in the development of the wide range of garden roses.", "Rose __knowledge__ The name \"rose\" comes from French, itself from Latin \"rosa\", which was perhaps borrowed from Oscan, from Greek ρόδον \"rhódon\" (Aeolic βρόδον \"wródon\"), itself borrowed from Old Persian \"wrd-\" (\"wurdi\"), related to Avestan \"varəδa\", Sogdian \"ward\", Parthian \"wâr\".", "Rose __knowledge__ The leaves are borne alternately on the stem.", "Dear... (The Grace album) __knowledge__ Dear... is The Grace's second Japanese album released on January 9, 2009.", "Dear... (The Grace album) __knowledge__ The title track \"\"Sukoshi de Ikara\" (少しでいいから) (A Little Bit of Good)\" was used as the movie \"Subaru\" soundtrack song.", "Dear... (The Grace album) __knowledge__ Tenjochiki's second studio album includes 2 singles released from July 2008 in Japan including the B-side of their 7th single \"Here\": \"Near: Thoughtful 1220\" and the album consists of a total of 9 tracks.", "Dear... (The Grace album) __knowledge__ The album peaked #14 on Oricon daily album charts and #37 on the Oricon weekly album charts, charted for 3 weeks and sold 4,734 copies, making their most successful Japanese album so far.", "Dear... (The Grace album) __knowledge__ Known as “The Grace” in Korea and “Tenjo Chiki” in Japan, the pop group consists of So.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ The manga series \"Rurouni Kenshin\" features a large cast of fictional characters created by Nobuhiro Watsuki.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ Set in Japan during the Meiji period, several of the characters are real historical figures who interact with the fictional characters.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ The story follows a pacifist wanderer named Himura Kenshin, who was previously an assassin known as \"\"Hitokiri Battōsai\"\" working for the Isshin Shishi during the Bakumatsu period.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ After helping Kamiya Kaoru, the instructor of a kendo school in Tokyo, in defeating a criminal he is invited by her to stay at her dojo.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ During his stay in Tokyo, Kenshin befriends new people including Myōjin Yahiko, a young child descendant from a samurai family who starts training under Kaoru, Sagara Sanosuke, a former Sekihō who enjoys fighting, and Takani Megumi, a doctor involved with the illegal drug trade.", "The Doctor (Cheap Trick album) __knowledge__ The Doctor is the ninth studio album by Cheap Trick, released in 1986.", "The Doctor (Cheap Trick album) __knowledge__ It was produced by Tony Platt and reached No.", "The Doctor (Cheap Trick album) __knowledge__ 115 on the \"Billboard\" 200 Chart.", "The Doctor (Cheap Trick album) __knowledge__ Since the beginning of the 1980s, Cheap Trick saw increasing pressure from their label, Epic Records, to produce material that was more commercial.", "The Doctor (Cheap Trick album) __knowledge__ In 1985, the band successfully gained a commercial comeback with the Top 40 album \"Standing on the Edge\".", "The Doctor (Cheap Trick album) __knowledge__ For that album, the band had planned on returning to the rough sound of their 1977 debut, but producer Jack Douglas backed out of mixing process due to the legal issues he was having with Yoko Ono.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Pet Sounds is the eleventh studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released on May 16, 1966.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ It initially met with a lukewarm critical and commercial response in the United States, peaking at number 10 in the \"Billboard\" 200, a significantly lower placement than the band's preceding albums.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the album was hailed by its music press and was an immediate commercial success, peaking at number 2 in the UK Top 40 Albums Chart and remaining among the top ten positions for six months.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Originally promoted as \"the most progressive pop album ever\", \"Pet Sounds\" attracted recognition for its ambitious recording and unusually sophisticated music, and is widely considered to be one of the most influential albums in music history.", "HeartCatch PreCure! __knowledge__ , or HeartCatch Pretty Cure!", "HeartCatch PreCure! __knowledge__ is a Japanese anime series and the seventh \"Pretty Cure\" installment by Izumi Todo.", "HeartCatch PreCure! __knowledge__ Produced by Toei Animation, the series is directed by Tatsuya Nagamine (Beet the Vandel Buster) and written by Takashi Yamada (Ojamajo Doremi).", "HeartCatch PreCure! __knowledge__ Official character designs were done by Yoshihiko Umakoshi (, Casshern Sins, and Marmalade Boy).", "HeartCatch PreCure! __knowledge__ The series premiered on February 7, 2010 on TV Asahi's ANN network, following Fresh Pretty Cure!, and ended on January 30, 2011, where it was followed by \"Suite PreCure\".", "HeartCatch PreCure! __knowledge__ The series has two main motifs.", "HeartCatch PreCure! __knowledge__ One is fashion, which is referenced to Tsubomi joining the fashion club, which is part of the storyline.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Gopinath Panigrahi __knowledge__ Dr.Gopinath Panigrahi (27 February 1924 – 23 December 2004) Botanist,Ph.D.", "Gopinath Panigrahi __knowledge__ (University of Leeds), FBS, FLS (London), FIFS, FAST, the renowned plant taxonomist expert par excellence and an authority on botanical nomenclature in a lifetime devoted to Botany.", "Gopinath Panigrahi __knowledge__ This biography needs to be finalised for his work during the final few years of his life.", "Gopinath Panigrahi __knowledge__ His scientific researches have also led to : (1) Theorising the mechanism of photoperiodic reaction and his proposing a formula confirms and extends the one advanced by F.G. Gregory, FRS (1948) (cf.", "Gopinath Panigrahi __knowledge__ Samantrai & Panigrahi, 1954a); (2) Synthesising 13 F1 hybrids in 4 fern genera (an achievement in itself judged against the chances of self-fertilisation in a fern prothallus bearing both antheridia and archegonia) and which do not lend themselves to emasculation and, therefore, ensure self-fertilisation) and meiotic analysis of these hybrids, have led him to postulate: (a) superdominance of the male genome in F1 hybrids of Cyclosorus parasiticus complex – an adaptation of Fischer's (1918) superdominance of gene-allele theory and to explain the phenomena of heterosis, patrocliny and reproductive precosis (Panigrahi, 1962, 1992).", "Flora of the Sierra Nevada alpine zone __knowledge__ The flora of the U.S. Sierra Nevada alpine zone is characterized by small, low growing, cushion and mat forming plants that can survive the harsh conditions in the high-altitude alpine zone above the timber line.", "Flora of the Sierra Nevada alpine zone __knowledge__ These flora often occur in alpine fell-fields.", "Flora of the Sierra Nevada alpine zone __knowledge__ The Sierra Nevada alpine zone lacks a dominant plant species that characterizes it, so may or may not be called a vegetation type.", "Flora of the Sierra Nevada alpine zone __knowledge__ But it is found above the subalpine forest, which is the highest in a succession of recognized vegetation types at increasing elevations.", "Flora of the Sierra Nevada alpine zone __knowledge__ Botanists have ranked the Sierra Nevada alpine zone floral bloom as one of California's foremost wildflower displays, with flowers of fantastic color and abundance.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ Narcissus is a genus of predominantly spring perennial plants in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ Various common names including daffodil, daffadowndilly, narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some members of the genus.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ \"Narcissus\" has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ The flowers are generally white or yellow (also orange or pink in garden varieties), with either uniform or contrasting coloured tepals and corona.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ \"Narcissus\" were well known in ancient civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally described by Linnaeus in his \"Species Plantarum\" (1753).", "Lily of the valley __knowledge__ Lily of the valley (\"Convallaria majalis\" ), sometimes written lily-of-the-valley, is a sweetly scented, highly poisonous woodland flowering plant that is native throughout the cool temperate Northern Hemisphere in Asia, and Europe.", "Lily of the valley __knowledge__ Other names include May bells, Our Lady's tears, and Mary's tears.", "Lily of the valley __knowledge__ Its French name, muguet, sometimes appears in the names of perfumes imitating the flower's scent.", "Lily of the valley __knowledge__ It is possibly the only species in the genus \"Convallaria\" (depending on whether \"C. keiskei\" and \"C. transcaucasica\" are recognised as separate species).", "Lily of the valley __knowledge__ In the APG III system, the genus is placed in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Nolinoideae (formerly the family Ruscaceae).", "Harriet Irving Botanical Gardens __knowledge__ The Harriet Irving Botanical Gardens (HIBG) are located in Wolfville, Nova Scotia on the Acadia University campus.", "Harriet Irving Botanical Gardens __knowledge__ The HIBG is a popular tourist destination in the Annapolis Valley, and provides a space where nature and science meet to enhance education, and conservation of the environment.", "Harriet Irving Botanical Gardens __knowledge__ The garden consists of nine native habitats of the Acadian Forest Region, a Medicinal and Food Garden, Conservatory, Formal Walled Garden, and Experimental Garden.", "Harriet Irving Botanical Gardens __knowledge__ The HIBG is also the trail head for 1.5 km of woodland trails.", "Harriet Irving Botanical Gardens __knowledge__ The Harriet Irving Botanical Garden is connected to the K.C Irving Environmental Centre (KCIC) which provides the public and Acadian students with state-of-the-art laboratories, greenhouses, and controlled environmental facilities.", "Flower __knowledge__ A flower, sometimes known as a bloom or blossom, is the reproductive structure found in flowering plants (plants of the division Magnoliophyta, also called angiosperms).", "Flower __knowledge__ The biological function of a flower is to effect reproduction, usually by providing a mechanism for the union of sperm with eggs.", "Flower __knowledge__ Flowers may facilitate outcrossing (fusion of sperm and eggs from different individuals in a population) or allow selfing (fusion of sperm and egg from the same flower).", "Flower __knowledge__ Some flowers produce diaspores without fertilization (parthenocarpy).", "Flower __knowledge__ Flowers contain sporangia and are the site where gametophytes develop.", "Flower garden __knowledge__ A flower/floral garden is any garden where flowers are grown and displayed.", "Flower garden __knowledge__ Because flowers bloom at varying times of the year, and some plants are annual, dying each winter, the design of flower gardens can take into consideration maintaining a sequence of bloom and consistent color combinations through varying seasons.", "Flower garden __knowledge__ Besides organizing the flowers in bedding-out schemes limited to annual and perennial flower beds, careful design also takes the labour time, and the color pattern of the flowers into account.", "Flower garden __knowledge__ The labour time can be decreased by using techniques such as mulching, companion planting, use of specific flowers/plants suppressing grass, ... in the vicinity (i.e." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rose __knowledge__ A rose is a woody perennial flowering plant of the genus Rosa, in the family Rosaceae, or the flower it bears.", "Rose __knowledge__ There are over a hundred species and thousands of cultivars.", "Rose __knowledge__ They form a group of plants that can be erect shrubs, climbing or trailing with stems that are often armed with sharp prickles.", "Rose __knowledge__ Flowers vary in size and shape and are usually large and showy, in colours ranging from white through yellows and reds.", "Rose __knowledge__ Most species are native to Asia, with smaller numbers native to Europe, North America, and northwestern Africa.", "Rose __knowledge__ Species, cultivars and hybrids are all widely grown for their beauty and often are fragrant.", "Rose __knowledge__ Roses have acquired cultural significance in many societies.", "Rose __knowledge__ Rose plants range in size from compact, miniature roses, to climbers that can reach seven meters in height.", "Rose __knowledge__ Different species hybridize easily, and this has been used in the development of the wide range of garden roses.", "Rose __knowledge__ The name \"rose\" comes from French, itself from Latin \"rosa\", which was perhaps borrowed from Oscan, from Greek ρόδον \"rhódon\" (Aeolic βρόδον \"wródon\"), itself borrowed from Old Persian \"wrd-\" (\"wurdi\"), related to Avestan \"varəδa\", Sogdian \"ward\", Parthian \"wâr\".", "Rose __knowledge__ The leaves are borne alternately on the stem.", "Cottage garden __knowledge__ The cottage garden is a distinct style that uses informal design, traditional materials, dense plantings, and a mixture of ornamental and edible plants.", "Cottage garden __knowledge__ English in origin, it depends on grace and charm rather than grandeur and formal structure.", "Cottage garden __knowledge__ Homely and functional gardens connected to working-class cottages go back centuries, but their stylized reinvention occurred in 1870s England, as a reaction to the more structured, rigorously maintained estate gardens with their formal designs and mass plantings of greenhouse annuals.", "Cottage garden __knowledge__ The earliest cottage gardens were more practical than today's, with emphasis on vegetables and herbs, fruit trees, perhaps a beehive, and even livestock.", "Garden roses __knowledge__ Garden roses are predominantly hybrid roses that are grown as ornamental plants in private or public gardens.", "Garden roses __knowledge__ They are one of the most popular and widely cultivated groups of flowering plants, especially in temperate climates.", "Garden roses __knowledge__ Numerous cultivars have been produced, especially over the last two centuries, though roses have been known in the garden for millennia beforehand.", "Garden roses __knowledge__ While most garden roses are grown for their flowers, some are also valued for other reasons, such as having ornamental fruit, providing ground cover, or for hedging.", "Garden roses __knowledge__ It is believed that roses were grown in all the early civilisations of temperate latitudes from at least 5000 years ago.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ Guns N' Roses, often abbreviated as GNR, is an American hard rock band from Los Angeles, California, formed in 1985.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ The lineup, when first signed to Geffen Records in 1986, consisted of vocalist Axl Rose, lead guitarist Slash, rhythm guitarist Izzy Stradlin, bassist Duff McKagan, and drummer Steven Adler.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ Guns N' Roses has released six studio albums, accumulating sales of more than 100 million records worldwide, including 45 million in the United States, making them the 41st best-selling artist of all time.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ Guns N' Roses' debut album, \"Appetite for Destruction\" (1987), reached number one on the \"Billboard\" 200 a year after its release, on the strength of \"Sweet Child o' Mine\", the band's only single to reach number one on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "Book of Love (band) __knowledge__ Book of Love is an American synthpop and electronic band, formed in 1983 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and later based out of New York City.", "Book of Love (band) __knowledge__ Led by vocalist Susan Ottaviano, the band also includes keyboardists Ted Ottaviano (no relation to Susan), Lauren Roselli and Jade Lee.", "Book of Love (band) __knowledge__ The band gained its first exposure as the opening act for two Depeche Mode tours in 1985 and 1986.", "Book of Love (band) __knowledge__ The group has been described by the \"Houston Press\" as \"forward thinking\" for lyrics dealing with sexual orientation and gender roles.", "Book of Love (band) __knowledge__ Their biggest success came on the US dance charts, placing seven singles in the \"Billboard\" Hot Dance Club Play chart between 1985 and 1993.", "Rosalia (festival) __knowledge__ In the Roman Empire, Rosalia or Rosaria was a festival of roses celebrated on various dates, primarily in May, but scattered through mid-July.", "Rosalia (festival) __knowledge__ The observance is sometimes called a rosatio (\"rose-adornment\") or the dies rosationis, \"day of rose-adornment,\" and could be celebrated also with violets \"(violatio\", an adorning with violets, also \"dies violae\" or \"dies violationis\", \"day of the \").", "Rosalia (festival) __knowledge__ As a commemoration of the dead, the \"rosatio\" developed from the custom of placing flowers at burial sites.", "Rosalia (festival) __knowledge__ It was among the extensive private religious practices by means of which the Romans cared for their dead, reflecting the value placed on tradition \"(mos maiorum\", \"the way of the ancestors\"), family lineage, and memorials ranging from simple inscriptions to grand public works.", "Saint-Paul Asylum, Saint-Rémy (Van Gogh series) __knowledge__ Saint-Paul Asylum, Saint-Rémy is a collection of paintings that Vincent van Gogh did when he was a self-admitted patient at the Saint-Paul asylum in Saint-Rémy-de-Provence, since renamed the \"Clinique Van Gogh\", from May 1889 until May 1890.", "Saint-Paul Asylum, Saint-Rémy (Van Gogh series) __knowledge__ During much of his stay there he was confined to the grounds of the asylum, and he made paintings of the garden, the enclosed wheat field that he could see outside his room and a few portraits of individuals at the asylum.", "Saint-Paul Asylum, Saint-Rémy (Van Gogh series) __knowledge__ During his stay at Saint-Paul asylum, Van Gogh experienced periods of illness when he could not paint.", "Saint-Paul Asylum, Saint-Rémy (Van Gogh series) __knowledge__ When he was able to resume, painting provided solace and meaning for him.", "Red __knowledge__ Red is the colour at the end of the visible spectrum of light, next to orange and opposite violet.", "Red __knowledge__ It has a dominant wavelength of approximately 625–740 nanometres.", "Red __knowledge__ It is a primary color in the RGB color model and the CMYK color model, and is the complementary color of cyan.", "Red __knowledge__ Reds range from the brilliant yellow-tinged scarlet and vermillion to bluish-red crimson, and vary in shade from the pale red pink to the dark red burgundy.", "Red __knowledge__ The red sky at sunset results from Rayleigh scattering, while the red color of the Grand Canyon and other geological features is caused by hematite or red ochre, both forms of iron oxide.", "Emergency vehicle lighting __knowledge__ Emergency vehicle lighting is one or more visual warning lights fitted to a vehicle for use when the driver wishes to convey to other road users the urgency of their journey, to provide additional warning of a hazard when stationary, or in the case of law enforcement as a means of signalling another driver to stop for interaction with an officer.", "Emergency vehicle lighting __knowledge__ These lights may be dedicated emergency lights, such as a beacon or a light bar, or may be modified stock lighting, such as a wig-wag or hide-away light, and are additional to any standard lighting on the car such as hazard lights.", "Emergency vehicle lighting __knowledge__ Often, they are used along with a siren (or occasionally sirens) in order to increase their effectiveness.", "Color __knowledge__ Color (American English) or colour (Commonwealth English) is the characteristic of human visual perception described through color \"categories\", with names such as red, blue, yellow, green, orange, or purple.", "Color __knowledge__ This perception of color derives from the stimulation of cone cells in the human eye by electromagnetic radiation in the spectrum of light.", "Color __knowledge__ Color categories and physical specifications of color are associated with objects through the wavelength of the light that is reflected from them.", "Color __knowledge__ This reflection is governed by the object's physical properties such as light absorption, emission spectra, etc.", "Color vision __knowledge__ Color vision is the ability of an organism or machine to distinguish objects based on the wavelengths (or frequencies) of the light they reflect, emit, or transmit.", "Color vision __knowledge__ Colors can be measured and quantified in various ways; indeed, a person's perception of colors is a subjective process whereby the brain responds to the stimuli that are produced when incoming light reacts with the several types of cone cells in the eye.", "Color vision __knowledge__ In essence, different people see the same illuminated object or light source in different ways.", "Color vision __knowledge__ Isaac Newton discovered that white light, after being split into its component colours when passed through a dispersive prism, could, by passing them through a different prism, be recombined to make white light.", "Still life paintings by Vincent van Gogh (Paris) __knowledge__ Still life paintings by Vincent van Gogh (Paris) is the subject of many drawings, sketches and paintings by Vincent van Gogh in 1886 and 1887 after he moved to Montmartre in Paris from the Netherlands.", "Still life paintings by Vincent van Gogh (Paris) __knowledge__ While in Paris, Van Gogh transformed the subjects, color and techniques that he used in creating still life paintings.", "Still life paintings by Vincent van Gogh (Paris) __knowledge__ He saw the work and met the founders and key artists of Impressionism, Pointillism and other movements and began incorporating what he learned into his work.", "Still life paintings by Vincent van Gogh (Paris) __knowledge__ Japanese art, Ukiyo-e, and woodblock prints also influenced his approach to composition and painting.", "Still life paintings by Vincent van Gogh (Paris) __knowledge__ There was a gradual change from the somber mood of his work in the Netherlands to a far more varied and expressive approach as he began introducing brighter color into his work.", "CBC Television __knowledge__ CBC Television (also known as simply \"CBC\") is a Canadian English-language broadcast television network that is owned by the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, the national public broadcaster.", "CBC Television __knowledge__ The network began operations on September 6, 1952.", "CBC Television __knowledge__ Its French-language counterpart is Ici Radio-Canada Télé.", "CBC Television __knowledge__ Headquartered at the Canadian Broadcasting Centre in Toronto, CBC Television is available throughout Canada on over-the-air television stations in urban centres and as a must-carry station on cable and satellite television.", "CBC Television __knowledge__ Almost all of the CBC's programming is produced in Canada.", "CBC Television __knowledge__ Although CBC Television is supported by public funding, commercial advertising revenue supplements the network, in contrast to CBC Radio and public broadcasters from several other countries, which are commercial-free." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rose __knowledge__ A rose is a woody perennial flowering plant of the genus Rosa, in the family Rosaceae, or the flower it bears.", "Rose __knowledge__ There are over a hundred species and thousands of cultivars.", "Rose __knowledge__ They form a group of plants that can be erect shrubs, climbing or trailing with stems that are often armed with sharp prickles.", "Rose __knowledge__ Flowers vary in size and shape and are usually large and showy, in colours ranging from white through yellows and reds.", "Rose __knowledge__ Most species are native to Asia, with smaller numbers native to Europe, North America, and northwestern Africa.", "Rose __knowledge__ Species, cultivars and hybrids are all widely grown for their beauty and often are fragrant.", "Rose __knowledge__ Roses have acquired cultural significance in many societies.", "Rose __knowledge__ Rose plants range in size from compact, miniature roses, to climbers that can reach seven meters in height.", "Rose __knowledge__ Different species hybridize easily, and this has been used in the development of the wide range of garden roses.", "Rose __knowledge__ The name \"rose\" comes from French, itself from Latin \"rosa\", which was perhaps borrowed from Oscan, from Greek ρόδον \"rhódon\" (Aeolic βρόδον \"wródon\"), itself borrowed from Old Persian \"wrd-\" (\"wurdi\"), related to Avestan \"varəδa\", Sogdian \"ward\", Parthian \"wâr\".", "Rose __knowledge__ The leaves are borne alternately on the stem.", "Hobby __knowledge__ A hobby is a regular activity that is done for enjoyment, typically during one's leisure time.", "Hobby __knowledge__ Hobbies can include collecting themed items and objects, engaging in creative and artistic pursuits, playing sports, or pursuing other amusements.", "Hobby __knowledge__ A list of hobbies is lengthy and always changing as interests and fashions change.", "Hobby __knowledge__ By continually participating in a particular hobby, one can acquire substantial skills and knowledge in that area.", "Hobby __knowledge__ Engagement in hobbies has increased since the late nineteenth century as workers have more leisure time and advancing production and technology have provided more support for leisure activities.", "One Tree Hill (TV series) __knowledge__ One Tree Hill is an American television drama series created by Mark Schwahn, which premiered on September 23, 2003, on The WB.", "One Tree Hill (TV series) __knowledge__ After the series' third season, The WB merged with UPN to form The CW, and since September 27, 2006, the network has been the official broadcaster of the series in the United States.", "One Tree Hill (TV series) __knowledge__ The show is set in the fictional town of Tree Hill in North Carolina and originally follows the lives of two half-brothers, Lucas Scott (Chad Michael Murray) and Nathan Scott (James Lafferty), who compete for positions on their school's basketball team, and the drama that ensues from the brothers' romances.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening is the practice of growing and cultivating plants as part of horticulture.", "Gardening __knowledge__ In gardens, ornamental plants are often grown for their flowers, foliage, or overall appearance; useful plants, such as root vegetables, leaf vegetables, fruits, and herbs, are grown for consumption, for use as dyes, or for medicinal or cosmetic use.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening is considered by many people to be a relaxing activity.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening ranges in scale from fruit orchards, to long boulevard plantings with one or more different types of shrubs, trees, and herbaceous plants, to residential yards including lawns and foundation plantings, to plants in large or small containers grown inside or outside.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters in the television series \"Mad Men\", all of whom have appeared in multiple episodes.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Donald \"Don\" Draper (né Dick Whitman; Jon Hamm) born 1926, is the creative director at Sterling Cooper Advertising Agency; he eventually rises to become a partner.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ He later becomes a founding partner at Sterling Cooper Draper Pryce.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Draper is the series' protagonist, and more storylines focus on him than on other characters.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Margaret \"Peggy\" Olson (Elisabeth Moss), upon introduction, is the ostensibly naïve \"new girl\" at Sterling Cooper.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ She was originally Draper's secretary, but showed surprising talent and initiative, including a knack—similar to Draper's—for understanding the consumer's mind.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ The following is list of characters the appear in the cartoon series, \"Generator Rex\".", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ Ricardo \"Rex\" Salazar is a young human-looking E.V.O, but unlike other E.V.O.s, Rex has the ability to control his nanites at will, allowing him to cure other E.V.O.s of their mutations and use his nanites to create a variety of machines on his body and communicate with a variety of machines.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ Rex is overconfident, impulsive, and typically, rebellious.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ He has a quick wit and is constantly making jokes.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ However, when Rex needs to defend himself, he doesn't hold back.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ He prefers to smash anything that gets in his way.", "William P. Hobby Airport __knowledge__ William P. Hobby Airport is an international airport in Houston, Texas, from downtown Houston.", "William P. Hobby Airport __knowledge__ Hobby is Houston's oldest commercial airport and was its primary commercial airport until Houston Intercontinental Airport, now George Bush Intercontinental Airport, opened in 1969.", "William P. Hobby Airport __knowledge__ After the opening of Intercontinental, Hobby was closed for several years before it became apparent it needed to be reopened.", "William P. Hobby Airport __knowledge__ It became a secondary airport for domestic airline service as well as a regional center for corporate and private aviation.", "William P. Hobby Airport __knowledge__ Houston Hobby is a major focus city airport for Southwest Airlines which operates international as well as domestic flights from HOU.", "Garden roses __knowledge__ Garden roses are predominantly hybrid roses that are grown as ornamental plants in private or public gardens.", "Garden roses __knowledge__ They are one of the most popular and widely cultivated groups of flowering plants, especially in temperate climates.", "Garden roses __knowledge__ Numerous cultivars have been produced, especially over the last two centuries, though roses have been known in the garden for millennia beforehand.", "Garden roses __knowledge__ While most garden roses are grown for their flowers, some are also valued for other reasons, such as having ornamental fruit, providing ground cover, or for hedging.", "Garden roses __knowledge__ It is believed that roses were grown in all the early civilisations of temperate latitudes from at least 5000 years ago.", "Cottage garden __knowledge__ The cottage garden is a distinct style that uses informal design, traditional materials, dense plantings, and a mixture of ornamental and edible plants.", "Cottage garden __knowledge__ English in origin, it depends on grace and charm rather than grandeur and formal structure.", "Cottage garden __knowledge__ Homely and functional gardens connected to working-class cottages go back centuries, but their stylized reinvention occurred in 1870s England, as a reaction to the more structured, rigorously maintained estate gardens with their formal designs and mass plantings of greenhouse annuals.", "Cottage garden __knowledge__ The earliest cottage gardens were more practical than today's, with emphasis on vegetables and herbs, fruit trees, perhaps a beehive, and even livestock.", "Rosalia (festival) __knowledge__ In the Roman Empire, Rosalia or Rosaria was a festival of roses celebrated on various dates, primarily in May, but scattered through mid-July.", "Rosalia (festival) __knowledge__ The observance is sometimes called a rosatio (\"rose-adornment\") or the dies rosationis, \"day of rose-adornment,\" and could be celebrated also with violets \"(violatio\", an adorning with violets, also \"dies violae\" or \"dies violationis\", \"day of the \").", "Rosalia (festival) __knowledge__ As a commemoration of the dead, the \"rosatio\" developed from the custom of placing flowers at burial sites.", "Rosalia (festival) __knowledge__ It was among the extensive private religious practices by means of which the Romans cared for their dead, reflecting the value placed on tradition \"(mos maiorum\", \"the way of the ancestors\"), family lineage, and memorials ranging from simple inscriptions to grand public works.", "Rose show __knowledge__ A rose show is a horticultural exhibition focusing exclusively on roses.", "Rose show __knowledge__ Initially in the UK roses were exhibited in general flower shows such as those run by the Royal Horticultural Society.", "Rose show __knowledge__ Judges were appointed by whoever sponsored the show, and were not necessarily rosarians themselves.", "Rose show __knowledge__ The first Grand National specialty rose show was held July 1, 1858, in St. James Hall, London.", "Rose show __knowledge__ It was organized by S. Reynolds Hole, Dean of Rochester Cathedral and a prominent rosarian, Thomas Rivers, a nurseryman and publisher of the first catalog of roses (1834) in the UK, Charles Turner, a rosarian, and William Paul, a writer and nurseryman.", "International Rose Test Garden __knowledge__ The International Rose Test Garden is a rose garden in Washington Park in Portland, Oregon, United States.", "International Rose Test Garden __knowledge__ There are over 10,000 rose bushes of approximately 650 varieties.", "International Rose Test Garden __knowledge__ The roses bloom from April through October with the peak coming in June, depending on the weather.", "International Rose Test Garden __knowledge__ New rose cultivars are continually sent to the garden from many parts of the world and are evaluated on several characteristics, including disease resistance, bloom form, color and fragrance.", "International Rose Test Garden __knowledge__ It is the oldest continuously operating public rose test garden in the United States and exemplifies Portland's nickname, \"City of Roses\".", "Frank Riethmuller __knowledge__ Frank Riethmuller (1884–1965) was an Australian rose breeder.", "Frank Riethmuller __knowledge__ The last child of poor German immigrant farmers, Francis Lewis Riethmuller (known as Frank) was born on 10 February 1884 in Glenvale, then a village near (now a suburb of) Toowoomba, Queensland.", "Frank Riethmuller __knowledge__ When dealing with Germans, he reverted to writing Riethmüller.", "Frank Riethmuller __knowledge__ In Australia, the first syllable is pronounced Reith but never spelt that way.", "Frank Riethmuller __knowledge__ Chronically prone to bronchitis and bronchiectasis, Riethmuller had to live mostly outdoors.", "Frank Riethmuller __knowledge__ First educated at Glenvale primary school, he spent two years as a state scholarship pupil at Toowoomba Grammar: every surname in the class was Anglo-Celtic except his." ] ]

[ 1, 4, 2, 8 ]

[ "My favorite flower is the perennial flower the rose. It's in the family called Rosaceae.", "Absolutely. Roses can be all types of colors, most prominently red, white, and yellow.", "Yes I do have a garden with lots of roses. There are hundreds of species of roses. I wish I had them all in my garden.", "I might spend a few hours every weekend day. I love taking care of all of them. There's all sorts of sizes, from miniature and huge ones that go up to seven meters. " ]

[ "Rose", "Rose", "Rose", "Rose" ]

[ "Giant panda\nI think the mooooost adorable animal in the world is a Giant Panda. I wish I could just snuggle with one! Have you seen one before?", "I didn't know they are from China. Are they anywhere else in the world?", "That's so sad that there aren't more. I heard that its really hard for them to reproduce and for the babies to survive. I want to help a program that helps them thrive.", "I definitely want to help! Do you know any programs that I can contribute to? " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The giant panda (\"Ailuropoda melanoleuca\", \"black and white cat-foot\"; , \"big bear cat\"), also known as panda bear or simply panda, is a bear native to south central China.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ It is easily recognized by the large, distinctive black patches around its eyes, over the ears, and across its round body.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The name \"giant panda\" is sometimes used to distinguish it from the unrelated red panda.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ Though it belongs to the order Carnivora, the giant panda's diet is over 99% bamboo.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ Giant pandas in the wild will occasionally eat other grasses, wild tubers, or even meat in the form of birds, rodents, or carrion.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ In captivity, they may receive honey, eggs, fish, yams, shrub leaves, oranges, or bananas along with specially prepared food.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The giant panda lives in a few mountain ranges in central China, mainly in Sichuan, but also in neighbouring Shaanxi and Gansu.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ As a result of farming, deforestation, and other development, the giant panda has been driven out of the lowland areas where it once lived.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The giant panda is a conservation reliant vulnerable species.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ A 2007 report showed 239 pandas living in captivity inside China and another 27 outside the country.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ As of December 2014, 49 giant pandas lived in captivity outside China, living in 18 zoos in 13 different countries.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the DreamWorks animated film media franchise \"Kung Fu Panda\", with their shorts and specials \"Secrets of the Furious Five\", \"Kung Fu Panda Holiday\", \"\", and \"\", as well as the video games and TV show \"\".", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The world of \"Kung Fu Panda\" is a fantasized version of ancient China as typically depicted in the wuxia film genre populated by anthropomorphized Asian animals where the martial arts can have magical qualities on top of extraordinary physical prowess for those sufficiently skilled.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ Master Po Ping (Chinese for \"Precious Peace\"), born Lotus Shan, is the titular protagonist of the \"Kung Fu Panda\" franchise.", "Red panda __knowledge__ The red panda (\"Ailurus fulgens\"), also called the lesser panda, the red bear-cat, and the red cat-bear, is a mammal native to the eastern Himalayas and southwestern China.", "Red panda __knowledge__ It has reddish-brown fur, a long, shaggy tail, and a waddling gait due to its shorter front legs; it is roughly the size of a domestic cat, though with a longer body and somewhat heavier.", "Red panda __knowledge__ It is arboreal, feeds mainly on bamboo, but also eats eggs, birds, and insects.", "Red panda __knowledge__ It is a solitary animal, mainly active from dusk to dawn, and is largely sedentary during the day.", "Red panda __knowledge__ The red panda has been classified as Endangered by the IUCN because its wild population is estimated at less than 10,000 mature individuals and continues to decline due to habitat loss and fragmentation, poaching, and inbreeding depression, although red pandas are protected by national laws in their range countries.", "Wildlife of China __knowledge__ China's vast and diverse landscape is home to a profound variety and abundance of wildlife.", "Wildlife of China __knowledge__ As of one of 17 megadiverse countries in the world, China has, according to one measure, some 7,516 species of vertebrates including 4,936 fish, 1,269 bird, 562 mammal, 403 reptile and 346 amphibian species.", "Wildlife of China __knowledge__ In terms of the number of species, China ranks third in the world in mammals, eighth in birds, seventh in reptiles and seventh in amphibians.", "Wildlife of China __knowledge__ In each category, China is the most biodiverse country outside of the tropics.", "Wildlife of China __knowledge__ Many species of animals are endemic to China, including the country's most famous wildlife species, the giant panda.", "National Zoological Park (United States) __knowledge__ The National Zoological Park, commonly known as the National Zoo, is one of the oldest zoos in the United States.", "National Zoological Park (United States) __knowledge__ It is part of the Smithsonian Institution and does not charge for admission.", "National Zoological Park (United States) __knowledge__ Founded in 1889, its mission is to \"provide engaging experiences with animals and create and share knowledge to save wildlife and habitats\".", "National Zoological Park (United States) __knowledge__ The National Zoo has two campuses.", "National Zoological Park (United States) __knowledge__ The first is a urban park located at Rock Creek Park in Northwest Washington, D.C., 20 minutes from the National Mall by MetroRail.", "National Zoological Park (United States) __knowledge__ The other campus is the Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute (SCBI; formerly known as the Conservation and Research Center) in Front Royal, Virginia.", "Chengdu __knowledge__ Chengdu (), formerly romanized as Chengtu, is a sub-provincial city which serves as the capital of China's Sichuan province.", "Chengdu __knowledge__ It is one of the three most populous cities in Western China (the other two are Chongqing and Xi'an).", "Chengdu __knowledge__ , the administrative area houses 14,427,500 inhabitants, with an urban population of 10,152,632.", "Chengdu __knowledge__ At the time of the 2010 census, Chengdu was the 5th-most populous agglomeration in China, with 10,484,996 inhabitants in the built-up area including Xinjin County and Deyang's Guanghan City.", "Chengdu __knowledge__ The surrounding Chengdu Plain is also known as the \"Country of Heaven\" () and the \"Land of Abundance\".", "San Diego Zoo __knowledge__ The San Diego Zoo is a zoo in Balboa Park, San Diego, California, housing over 3,700 animals of more than 650 species and subspecies.", "San Diego Zoo __knowledge__ Its parent organization, San Diego Zoo Global, is one of the largest zoological membership associations in the world, with more than 250,000 member households and 130,000 child memberships, representing more than a half million people.", "San Diego Zoo __knowledge__ The San Diego Zoo was a pioneer in the concept of open-air, cageless exhibits that re-create natural animal habitats.", "San Diego Zoo __knowledge__ It is one of the few zoos in the world that houses and successfully breeds the giant panda.", "San Diego Zoo __knowledge__ In 2013, the zoo added a new Koalafornia Adventure exhibit, providing an updated Australian animal experience." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The giant panda (\"Ailuropoda melanoleuca\", \"black and white cat-foot\"; , \"big bear cat\"), also known as panda bear or simply panda, is a bear native to south central China.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ It is easily recognized by the large, distinctive black patches around its eyes, over the ears, and across its round body.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The name \"giant panda\" is sometimes used to distinguish it from the unrelated red panda.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ Though it belongs to the order Carnivora, the giant panda's diet is over 99% bamboo.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ Giant pandas in the wild will occasionally eat other grasses, wild tubers, or even meat in the form of birds, rodents, or carrion.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ In captivity, they may receive honey, eggs, fish, yams, shrub leaves, oranges, or bananas along with specially prepared food.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The giant panda lives in a few mountain ranges in central China, mainly in Sichuan, but also in neighbouring Shaanxi and Gansu.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ As a result of farming, deforestation, and other development, the giant panda has been driven out of the lowland areas where it once lived.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The giant panda is a conservation reliant vulnerable species.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ A 2007 report showed 239 pandas living in captivity inside China and another 27 outside the country.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ As of December 2014, 49 giant pandas lived in captivity outside China, living in 18 zoos in 13 different countries.", "Saddam Hussein and al-Qaeda link allegations __knowledge__ Saddam Hussein and al-Qaeda link allegations were made by the U.S. government officials who claimed that a highly secretive relationship existed between former Iraqi President Saddam Hussein and the radical Islamist militant organization Al-Qaeda from 1992 to 2003, specifically through a series of meetings reportedly involving the Iraqi Intelligence Service (IIS).", "Saddam Hussein and al-Qaeda link allegations __knowledge__ In the lead up to the Iraq War, U.S. President George W. Bush alleged that Iraqi President Saddam Hussein and militant group al-Qaeda might conspire to launch terrorist attacks on the United States, basing the administration's rationale for war, in part, on this allegation .", "Charles George Gordon __knowledge__ Major-General Charles George Gordon CB (28 January 1833 – 26 January 1885), also known as Chinese Gordon, Gordon Pasha, and Gordon of Khartoum, was a British Army officer and administrator.", "Charles George Gordon __knowledge__ He saw action in the Crimean War as an officer in the British Army.", "Charles George Gordon __knowledge__ However, he made his military reputation in China, where he was placed in command of the \"Ever Victorious Army,\" a force of Chinese soldiers led by European officers.", "Charles George Gordon __knowledge__ In the early 1860s, Gordon and his men were instrumental in putting down the Taiping Rebellion, regularly defeating much larger forces.", "Charles George Gordon __knowledge__ For these accomplishments, he was given the nickname \"Chinese Gordon\" and honours from both the Emperor of China and the British.", "Geography of the United States __knowledge__ The term \"United States\", when used in the geographical sense, is the contiguous United States, the state of Alaska, the island state of Hawaii, the five insular territories of Puerto Rico, Northern Mariana Islands, U.S. Virgin Islands, Guam, and American Samoa, and minor outlying possessions.", "Geography of the United States __knowledge__ The United States shares land borders with Canada and Mexico and maritime borders with Russia, Cuba, and the Bahamas in addition to Canada and Mexico.", "Geography of the United States __knowledge__ The United States's northern border with Canada is the world's longest bi-national land border!", "Geography of the United States __knowledge__ From 1989 through 1996, the total area of the US was listed as (land + inland water only).", "Theory of forms __knowledge__ The theory of Forms or theory of Ideas is Plato's argument that non-physical (but substantial) forms (or ideas) represent the most accurate reality.", "Theory of forms __knowledge__ When used in this sense, the word \"form\" or \"idea\" is often capitalized.", "Theory of forms __knowledge__ Plato speaks of these entities only through the characters (primarily Socrates) of his dialogues who sometimes suggest that these Forms are the only objects of study that can provide knowledge; thus even apart from the very controversial status of the theory, Plato's own views are much in doubt.", "Theory of forms __knowledge__ However, the theory is considered a classical solution to the problem of universals.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ Bob Dylan (; born Robert Allen Zimmerman, May 24, 1941) is an American singer-songwriter, author, and painter, who has been an influential figure in popular music and culture for more than five decades.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ Much of his most celebrated work dates from the 1960s, when he became a reluctant \"voice of a generation\" with songs such as \"Blowin' in the Wind\" and \"The Times They Are a-Changin'\" that became anthems for the Civil Rights Movement and anti-war movement.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ In 1965, he controversially abandoned his early fan-base in the American folk music revival, recording a six-minute single, \"Like a Rolling Stone\", which enlarged the scope of popular music.", "The Wörld Is Ours - Vol. 2: Anyplace Crazy as Anywhere Else __knowledge__ The Wörld Is Ours – Vol.", "The Wörld Is Ours - Vol. 2: Anyplace Crazy as Anywhere Else __knowledge__ 2: Anyplace Crazy as Anywhere Else is the twelfth live album by the band Motörhead, released on 21 September 2012, the third UDR GmbH / Motörhead Music / EMI collaboration, and is the entire concert at the Wacken Open Air, Germany, with parts of the Sonisphere, England and Rock In Rio, Brazil concerts from 2011.", "The Wörld Is Ours - Vol. 2: Anyplace Crazy as Anywhere Else __knowledge__ This was recorded on the 2011 leg of \"The Wörld is Ours\" tour.", "The Wörld Is Ours - Vol. 2: Anyplace Crazy as Anywhere Else __knowledge__ It is the entire concert at the Wacken Open Air Festival in Itzehoe, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany on 6 August, has parts of the Sinosphere Knebworth Festival, Knebworth, England on 10 July, and parts of the Rock in Rio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil on 25 September 2011.", "Tiananmen Square protests of 1989 __knowledge__ The Tiananmen Square protests of 1989, commonly known in mainland China as the June Fourth Incident (), were student-led demonstrations in Beijing, the capital of the People's Republic of China, in 1989.", "Tiananmen Square protests of 1989 __knowledge__ More broadly, it refers to the popular national movement inspired by the Beijing protests during that period, sometimes called the '89 Democracy Movement ().", "Tiananmen Square protests of 1989 __knowledge__ The protests were forcibly suppressed after the government declared martial law.", "Tiananmen Square protests of 1989 __knowledge__ In what became known in the West as the Tiananmen Square Massacre, troops with automatic rifles and tanks killed at least several hundred demonstrators trying to block the military's advance towards Tiananmen Square.", "Shuangduiji Campaign __knowledge__ The Battle of Shuangduiji (双堆集战役) was a major campaign fought between the nationalists and the communists during the Chinese Civil War in the post-World War II era, resulting in a communist victory.", "Shuangduiji Campaign __knowledge__ The campaign was part of the Huaihai Campaign.", "Shuangduiji Campaign __knowledge__ After the Battle of Nianzhuang, in which the nationalist commander Huang Baitao's () 7th Army was completely annihilated, the communists were divided on deciding the next target.", "Shuangduiji Campaign __knowledge__ After a heated debate, it was finally decided on November 22, 1948, that the next target should be the nationalist 12th Army commanded by Lieutenant General Huang Wei ().", "Shuangduiji Campaign __knowledge__ A total of 7 columns (the equivalent of a corps) of the communist Central China Field Army (the equivalent of an army group) and 2 columns of the communist Eastern China Field Army would be tasked to annihilate the nationalist 12th Army in the region to the south of Kuai River(), while the main force of the communist Eastern China Field Army would be tasked to prevent any nationalist troops in Xuzhou and Bangbu () from reinforcing the nationalist 12th Army.", "Battle of Shanghai __knowledge__ The Battle of Shanghai was the first of the twenty-two major engagements fought between the National Revolutionary Army (NRA) of the Republic of China (ROC) and the Imperial Japanese Army (IJA) of the Empire of Japan during the Second Sino-Japanese War.", "Battle of Shanghai __knowledge__ It was one of the largest and bloodiest battles of the entire war, described as \"Stalingrad on the Yangtze\".", "Battle of Shanghai __knowledge__ Since 1931, there had been ongoing armed conflicts between China and Japan without the official declaration of war.", "Battle of Shanghai __knowledge__ These conflicts finally escalated in July 1937, when the Marco Polo Bridge Incident triggered the full invasion from Japan.", "Central China Railway __knowledge__ The Central China Railway (Japanese: 華中鉄道株式会社, \"Kachū Tetsudō Kabushiki Kaisha\"; Chinese: 華中鐵道股份有限公司, \"Huázhōng Tiědào Gǔfèn Yǒuxiàn Gōngsī\") was a railway company in Japanese-occupied China established after the Second Sino-Japanese War.", "Central China Railway __knowledge__ It was a joint venture between Japan, the Reformed Government of the Republic of China and the Nanjing National Government.", "Central China Railway __knowledge__ Together with the North China Transportation Company, it was responsible for management of China's railways during the Japanese occupation.", "Central China Railway __knowledge__ In reality, it was a Japanese .", "Central China Railway __knowledge__ It ceased to exist after the Japanese defeat in the Pacific War and was absorbed by the Republic of China Railway, eventually becoming part of China Railway in 1949 after the establishment of the People's Republic.", "Order of battle of Battle of Wuhan __knowledge__ Battle of Wuhan or the Wuchang-Hankou Campaign Order of battle, (early June - November 12, 1938) Central China Expeditionary Force - General Shunroku Hata One hundred vessels, including over 30 naval craft armed with medium-caliber artillery, were gathered.", "Order of battle of Battle of Wuhan __knowledge__ The landing force for Anqing was composed of one infantry brigade, a marine landing battalion, artillery, engineers and chemical elements, totaling about 12,000 men and 80 to 90 guns.", "Order of battle of Battle of Wuhan __knowledge__ The squadron comprised 40 units, including destroyers, minesweepers, naval and river gunboats and blockade boats.", "Order of battle of Battle of Wuhan __knowledge__ Twenty steamboats transported the troops designated to make the landing.", "Central China Normal University __knowledge__ Central China Normal University (CCNU) or Huazhong Normal University (), located in Central China Normal University Community, Luonan Subdistrict, Hongshan District in Wuhan, the capital of Hubei Province, is a comprehensive university directly under the administration of the Chinese Ministry of Education.", "Central China Normal University __knowledge__ The campus of over 2,000 Mu (330 acres) is on Guizi Hill, bordering South Lake.", "Central China Normal University __knowledge__ It is one of the schools included in the Project 211, and is also funded by the Project 985.", "Central China Normal University __knowledge__ CCNU, along with East China Normal University and Beijing Normal University are the top three normal universities in mainland China.", "Cute (Japanese idol group) __knowledge__ Cute, stylized as , was a Japanese idol girl group part of Hello!", "Cute (Japanese idol group) __knowledge__ Project collective produced by Tsunku, who also writes almost all the group's songs.", "Cute (Japanese idol group) __knowledge__ Cute consisted of Maimi Yajima, Saki Nakajima, Airi Suzuki, Chisato Okai, and Mai Hagiwara, who were all members of Hello!", "Cute (Japanese idol group) __knowledge__ Project Kids prior to the group's formation.", "Cute (Japanese idol group) __knowledge__ The original member line-up also consisted of fellow Hello!", "Cute (Japanese idol group) __knowledge__ Project Kids members Megumi Murakami and Erika Umeda, as well as Hello!", "Cute (Japanese idol group) __knowledge__ Project trainee Kanna Arihara, prior to their departure.", "Cute (Japanese idol group) __knowledge__ After releasing a string of independent hits, Cute made its major debut in 2007 with \"Sakura Chirari\" and that year won the Japan Record Award for Best New Artist.", "Yangtze __knowledge__ The Yangtze ( or ), which is 6380 km long, is the longest river in Asia and the third-longest in the world.", "Yangtze __knowledge__ The river is the longest in the world to flow entirely within one country.", "Yangtze __knowledge__ It drains one-fifth of the land area of the People's Republic of China (PRC) and its river basin is home to nearly one-third of the country's population.", "Yangtze __knowledge__ The Yangtze is the sixth-largest river by discharge volume in the world.", "Yangtze __knowledge__ The English name \"Yangtze\" derives from the Chinese name \"Yángzǐ Jiāng\" (), which actually is the lowest 435 km part between Nanjing and Shanghai.", "Yangtze __knowledge__ The whole river is known in China as Cháng Jiāng (; literally: \"Long River\")." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The giant panda (\"Ailuropoda melanoleuca\", \"black and white cat-foot\"; , \"big bear cat\"), also known as panda bear or simply panda, is a bear native to south central China.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ It is easily recognized by the large, distinctive black patches around its eyes, over the ears, and across its round body.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The name \"giant panda\" is sometimes used to distinguish it from the unrelated red panda.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ Though it belongs to the order Carnivora, the giant panda's diet is over 99% bamboo.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ Giant pandas in the wild will occasionally eat other grasses, wild tubers, or even meat in the form of birds, rodents, or carrion.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ In captivity, they may receive honey, eggs, fish, yams, shrub leaves, oranges, or bananas along with specially prepared food.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The giant panda lives in a few mountain ranges in central China, mainly in Sichuan, but also in neighbouring Shaanxi and Gansu.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ As a result of farming, deforestation, and other development, the giant panda has been driven out of the lowland areas where it once lived.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The giant panda is a conservation reliant vulnerable species.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ A 2007 report showed 239 pandas living in captivity inside China and another 27 outside the country.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ As of December 2014, 49 giant pandas lived in captivity outside China, living in 18 zoos in 13 different countries.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ This list of ecoregions of North America provides an overview of North American ecoregions designated by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC) in its North American Environmental Atlas.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ It should not be confused with Wikipedia articles based on the classification system developed by the World Wildlife Fund, such as List of ecoregions (WWF) and Lists of ecoregions by country.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ The commission was established in 1994 by the member states of Canada, Mexico, and the United States to address regional environmental concerns under the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC), the environmental side accord to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Nancy Hayton __knowledge__ Nancy Anne Osborne (also Hayton) is a fictional character from the British Channel 4 soap opera \"Hollyoaks\", played by Jessica Fox.", "Nancy Hayton __knowledge__ The character first appeared on 6 July 2005.", "Nancy Hayton __knowledge__ Since the character's inception she has been involved in many notable storylines such as: a love triangle; coping with the death of her eldest sister Becca (Ali Bastian); marrying Jake Dean (Kevin Sacre); drug abuse; domestic violence; being the victim of two attempted rapes by Jake and Finn O'Connor (Keith Rice); marrying Darren Osborne (Ashley Taylor Dawson); prematurely giving birth to Darren's son Oscar Osborne who is deaf; an addiction to painkillers; a highly publiscised storyline where Sienna Blake (Anna Passey) attempts to steal Darren and her family away from her; Sienna seriously attacking her which gives her brain damage; her affair with Rick Spencer (Victor Gardener); a fling with Rick's son Robbie Roscoe (Charlie Wernham); discovering Darren and Maxine Minniver (Nikki Sanderson) buried Partick Blake's (Jeremy Sheffield) body in village wall and helping cover their tracks; and accidentally running over her friend and colleague John Paul McQueen (James Sutton) resulting in his blindness.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that appear in the \"Shrek\" franchise and spin-offs from it.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ Shrek (voiced by Mike Myers, Michael Gough as his official voice in the video games) is the lead character in of all of the films.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ He prides himself on being a big, green, terrifying ogre and is ill-tempered and mean.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ He begins the series as an unsociable hermit until he meets his soon-to-be best friend, Donkey.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ In a deal with Lord Farquaad, he and Donkey embark on a quest to save Princess Fiona from the castle in which she was confined.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ Despite their differences, Shrek and Fiona fall in love, marry at the end of the first film, and have three ogre babies in the third film.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ \"Regular Show\" is an American animated series created by J. G. Quintel.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ The series contains many characters, with seven main characters and various recurring and one-time characters.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai (voiced by J. G. Quintel) is a 5'10\" anthropomorphic blue jay (6' including the crest) who works as a groundskeeper at The Park.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ He has been best friends with Rigby ever since childhood, and together they are very lazy and constantly slack off at their jobs there.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai is more conscientious, mature, and moral about his actions than Rigby is, which sometimes leads to his opposing Rigby when he is the cause of some kind of chaotic problem.", "List of Static Shock characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters who appear in the series Static Shock.", "List of Static Shock characters __knowledge__ Virgil Ovid Hawkins/Static (Phil LaMarr) He is an African-American 9th grade high school student in Dakota City.", "List of Static Shock characters __knowledge__ As a result of accidental exposure to an experimental mutagen in an event known as the Big Bang, he gained the ability to control and manipulate electromagnetism, and uses these powers to become a superhero named \"Static.\"", "List of Static Shock characters __knowledge__ Countless others who were also exposed gained a wide variety of mutations and abilities, and Static spends much of his time dealing with these \"Bang Babies\", many of whom use their abilities in selfish, harmful, and even criminal ways.Virgil is named after the first African-American to go to law school (who was himself named for the Roman poets Virgil and Ovid).", "Giant pandas around the world __knowledge__ Currently, there are 25 zoos in 17 countries (Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, China (Hong Kong), France, Germany, Indonesia, Japan, Mexico, the Netherlands, Singapore, Spain, Taiwan, Thailand, United Kingdom (Scotland), and United States) that have giant pandas.", "Giant pandas around the world __knowledge__ Finland received its first two pandas in January 2018.", "Giant pandas around the world __knowledge__ These zoos have contracts with China to house these pandas for a few years.", "Giant pandas around the world __knowledge__ Giant pandas are on the IUCN Red List so part of the reason these contracts exist between China and international zoos, is to try to help the species reproduce before they are brought back to their native land.", "Red panda __knowledge__ The red panda (\"Ailurus fulgens\"), also called the lesser panda, the red bear-cat, and the red cat-bear, is a mammal native to the eastern Himalayas and southwestern China.", "Red panda __knowledge__ It has reddish-brown fur, a long, shaggy tail, and a waddling gait due to its shorter front legs; it is roughly the size of a domestic cat, though with a longer body and somewhat heavier.", "Red panda __knowledge__ It is arboreal, feeds mainly on bamboo, but also eats eggs, birds, and insects.", "Red panda __knowledge__ It is a solitary animal, mainly active from dusk to dawn, and is largely sedentary during the day.", "Red panda __knowledge__ The red panda has been classified as Endangered by the IUCN because its wild population is estimated at less than 10,000 mature individuals and continues to decline due to habitat loss and fragmentation, poaching, and inbreeding depression, although red pandas are protected by national laws in their range countries.", "Bronx Zoo __knowledge__ The Bronx Zoo is a zoo located within Bronx Park in the Bronx, a borough of New York City.", "Bronx Zoo __knowledge__ It is the largest metropolitan zoo in the United States and among the largest in the world.", "Bronx Zoo __knowledge__ On average, the zoo has 2.15 million visitors each year, and it comprises of park lands and naturalistic habitats, through which the Bronx River flows.", "Bronx Zoo __knowledge__ The Bronx Zoo is world-renowned for its large and diverse animal collection, and its award-winning exhibitions.", "Bronx Zoo __knowledge__ The zoo is part of an integrated system of four zoos and one aquarium managed by the Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS), and it is accredited by the Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA).", "National Zoological Park (United States) __knowledge__ The National Zoological Park, commonly known as the National Zoo, is one of the oldest zoos in the United States.", "National Zoological Park (United States) __knowledge__ It is part of the Smithsonian Institution and does not charge for admission.", "National Zoological Park (United States) __knowledge__ Founded in 1889, its mission is to \"provide engaging experiences with animals and create and share knowledge to save wildlife and habitats\".", "National Zoological Park (United States) __knowledge__ The National Zoo has two campuses.", "National Zoological Park (United States) __knowledge__ The first is a urban park located at Rock Creek Park in Northwest Washington, D.C., 20 minutes from the National Mall by MetroRail.", "National Zoological Park (United States) __knowledge__ The other campus is the Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute (SCBI; formerly known as the Conservation and Research Center) in Front Royal, Virginia.", "Zoo __knowledge__ A zoo (short for zoological garden or zoological park and also called an animal park or menagerie) is a facility in which animals are housed within enclosures, displayed to the public, and in which they may also breed.", "Zoo __knowledge__ The term \"zoological garden\" refers to zoology, the study of animals, a term deriving from the Greek \"zōon\" (ζῷον, 'animal') and \"lógos\" (λóγος, 'study').", "Zoo __knowledge__ The abbreviation \"zoo\" was first used of the London Zoological Gardens, which was opened for scientific study in 1828 and to the public in 1857.", "Zoo __knowledge__ The number of major animal collections open to the public around the world now exceeds to 1,000, around 80 percent of them are in cities.", "Panda diplomacy __knowledge__ Panda diplomacy is China's use of giant pandas as diplomatic gifts to other countries.", "Panda diplomacy __knowledge__ The practice existed as far back as the Tang Dynasty, when Empress Wu Zetian (625–705) sent a pair of pandas to the Japanese emperor.", "Panda diplomacy __knowledge__ The People's Republic of China used panda diplomacy in the 1950s and has become known in recent decades for this practice.", "Panda diplomacy __knowledge__ From 1958 to 1982, China gave 23 pandas to nine different countries.", "Panda diplomacy __knowledge__ One highlight of panda diplomacy was the Chinese government's gift of two pandas, Ling-Ling and Hsing-Hsing, to the United States in 1972 after President Richard Nixon's historic visit to China (President Nixon reciprocated by sending back a pair of musk oxen)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The giant panda (\"Ailuropoda melanoleuca\", \"black and white cat-foot\"; , \"big bear cat\"), also known as panda bear or simply panda, is a bear native to south central China.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ It is easily recognized by the large, distinctive black patches around its eyes, over the ears, and across its round body.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The name \"giant panda\" is sometimes used to distinguish it from the unrelated red panda.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ Though it belongs to the order Carnivora, the giant panda's diet is over 99% bamboo.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ Giant pandas in the wild will occasionally eat other grasses, wild tubers, or even meat in the form of birds, rodents, or carrion.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ In captivity, they may receive honey, eggs, fish, yams, shrub leaves, oranges, or bananas along with specially prepared food.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The giant panda lives in a few mountain ranges in central China, mainly in Sichuan, but also in neighbouring Shaanxi and Gansu.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ As a result of farming, deforestation, and other development, the giant panda has been driven out of the lowland areas where it once lived.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The giant panda is a conservation reliant vulnerable species.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ A 2007 report showed 239 pandas living in captivity inside China and another 27 outside the country.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ As of December 2014, 49 giant pandas lived in captivity outside China, living in 18 zoos in 13 different countries.", "Siti Nurhaliza __knowledge__ Dato' Sri, or occasionally Datin Sri, Siti Nurhaliza binti Tarudin (Jawi: سيتي نورهاليزا بنت تارودين ; IPA: ; born 11 January 1979) is a Malaysian singer and businesswoman.", "Siti Nurhaliza __knowledge__ To date, she has garnered more than 200 local and international awards.", "Siti Nurhaliza __knowledge__ She made her debut after she won a popular local singing competition show Bintang HMI in 1995 when she was only 16.", "Siti Nurhaliza __knowledge__ Her debut single, \"Jerat Percintaan\", won the 11th Anugerah Juara Lagu and another two awards for Best Performance and Best Ballad.", "Siti Nurhaliza __knowledge__ The album itself as of 2005, has been sold to a total of more than 800,000 units in Malaysia alone.", "Siti Nurhaliza __knowledge__ In her career she has recorded and sung in multiple languages, including Malaysian, Javanese, English, Mandarin, Arabic, Urdu and Japanese.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Warrior (Kesha album) __knowledge__ Writing for \"Warrior\" began in late 2011 and ended in early 2012, with recording taking place from January through August 2012.", "Warrior (Kesha album) __knowledge__ Kesha wrote the majority of the album while touring internationally and during her spiritual journey.", "Warrior (Kesha album) __knowledge__ Contributions to the album's production came from longtime collaborators Dr. Luke (who was also the executive producer of the project), Max Martin, Shellback, Ammo and Benny Blanco.", "Warrior (Kesha album) __knowledge__ It features guest vocals from American rock singer Iggy Pop, who has been cited as a major influence on the album, as well as writing contributions from Nate Ruess from American indie rock trio Fun, American rapper will.i.am, singer-songwriter Bonnie McKee, The Black Keys drummer Patrick Carney, American rock bands The Strokes and The Flaming Lips and Kesha's own mother, Pebe Sebert.", "Dark Horse (Twista album) __knowledge__ Dark Horse is the ninth studio album by American rapper Twista.", "Dark Horse (Twista album) __knowledge__ The album was released on August 12, 2014, by Get Money Gang Entertainment and Caroline Records.", "Dark Horse (Twista album) __knowledge__ The album features guest appearances from Tyme, Dra Day, Tia London, Tech N9ne, Wiz Khalifa, Berner, DJ Victoriouz, Gritz, R. Kelly, Chief Keef and Stunt Taylor.", "Dark Horse (Twista album) __knowledge__ On August 16, 2011, Twista announced he had begun working on his ninth studio album, tilted \"The Dark Horse\".", "Dark Horse (Twista album) __knowledge__ In a May 2012, interview with AllHipHop, he spoke about where the album fits in with what he's done in the past, saying, \"I think it fits in perfectly.", "Dark Horse (Twista album) __knowledge__ I look at it as a continuum, or a protocol.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Hillary Clinton, the nominee of the Democratic Party for president of the United States in 2016, has taken positions on political issues while serving as First Lady of Arkansas (1979–81; 1983–92), First Lady of the United States (1993–2001); as U.S.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Senator from New York (2001–2009); and serving as the United States Secretary of State (2009–2013).", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In accordance with longstanding custom, during her time as Secretary of State she largely avoided taking stances on most domestic political issues.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In 2015, she announced her candidacy for the presidency.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Clinton won the Democratic primaries and formally became the party's nominee at the 2016 Democratic National Convention.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Ant-Man (film) __knowledge__ Ant-Man is a 2015 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics characters of the same name: Scott Lang and Hank Pym.", "Ant-Man (film) __knowledge__ Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures, it is the twelfth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU).", "Ant-Man (film) __knowledge__ The film was directed by Peyton Reed, with a screenplay by the writing teams Edgar Wright and Joe Cornish, and Adam McKay and Paul Rudd.", "Ant-Man (film) __knowledge__ It stars Rudd as Scott Lang / Ant-Man, alongside Evangeline Lilly, Corey Stoll, Bobby Cannavale, Michael Peña, Tip \"T.I.\"", "Ant-Man (film) __knowledge__ Harris, Anthony Mackie, Wood Harris, Judy Greer, David Dastmalchian, and Michael Douglas as Hank Pym.", "Conservation-reliant species __knowledge__ Conservation-reliant species are animal or plant species that require continuing species-specific wildlife management intervention such as predator control, habitat management and parasite control to survive, even when a self-sustainable recovery in population is achieved.", "Conservation-reliant species __knowledge__ The term \"conservation-reliant species\" grew out of the conservation biology undertaken by \"The Endangered Species Act at Thirty Project\" (launched 2001) and its popularization by project leader J. Michael Scott.", "Conservation-reliant species __knowledge__ Its first use in a formal publication was in \"Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment\" in 2005.", "Conservation-reliant species __knowledge__ Worldwide use of the term has not yet developed and it has not yet appeared in a publication compiled outside North America.", "Index of biodiversity articles __knowledge__ This is a list of topics in biodiversity.", "Index of biodiversity articles __knowledge__ Abiotic stress — Adaptation — Agricultural biodiversity — Agroecological restoration — All-taxa biodiversity inventory — Alpha diversity — Applied ecology — Arca-Net — ASEAN Center for Biodiversity — ASEAN Heritage Parks — Aquatic biomonitoring — Axe Lake Swamp State Nature Preserve — Bank of Natural Capital — Beta diversity — BioBlitz — Biocomplexity — Biocultural diversity — Biodiversity action plan — Biodiversity and drugs — Biodiversity and food — Biodiversity banking — Biodiversity hotspot — Biodiversity in Israel, the West Bank, and the Gaza Strip — Biodiversity Indicators Partnership — Biodiversity informatics — Biodiversity of Borneo — Biodiversity of Cape Town — Biogeography — Bioindicator — Bioinformatics — BIOPAT - Patrons for Biodiversity — Biorisk — Biosafety Clearing-House — BioSearch — Biosurvey — BioWeb — Body size and species richness — Box corer — Bray–Curtis dissimilarity — Caribbean Initiative — Carta di Siracusa on Biodiversity — Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety — Center for Biological Diversity — Centres of Plant Diversity — Chresonym — Comisión Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad — Conservation Biology — Conservation Commons — Conservation ethic — Conservation in Papua New Guinea — Conservation reliant species — Conservation status — Convention on Biological Diversity — Critically Endangered — Crop diversity — Data Deficient — Deforestation — Diversitas — Diversity-function debate — Diversity index — ECNC-European Centre for Nature Conservation — Ecological economics — Ecological effects of biodiversity — Ecological goods and services — Ecological restoration — Ecology — Economics of biodiversity — Ecosystem diversity — Effect of climate change on plant biodiversity — Eichler's rule — Endemic Species in Slovakia — Endemism — Enzootic — Ethnic diversity — Ewens sampling formula — Extinct in the Wild — Extinction — Felidae Conservation Fund — Flora and vegetation of Turkey — Forest farming — Functional agrobiodiversity — Gamma diversity — Gene pool — Genetic diversity — Genetic erosion — Genetic pollution — Global 200 — Global Biodiversity Information Facility — Global biodiversity — Global Crop Diversity Trust — Global warming — Green Revolution — Habitat conservation — Habitat fragmentation — Heirloom plant — Heirloom tomato — Holocene extinction event — Indicator species — Indicator value — Intact forest landscape — Inter-American Biodiversity Information Network — Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services — Intermediate Disturbance Hypothesis — International Cooperative Biodiversity Group — International Council for Game and Wildlife Conservation — International Day for Biological Diversity — International Institute of Tropical Agriculture — International Mechanism of Scientific Expertise on Biodiversity — International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture — International Union for Conservation of Nature — International Year of Biodiversity — Insect biodiversity — IUCN Red List — IUCN Red List vulnerable species (list) — Key Biodiversity Areas - Land use, land-use change and forestry — Langtang National Park — Latitudinal gradients in species diversity — Least Concern — List of biodiversity databases — List of environmental issues — List of environmental topics — Livestock Keepers' Rights — Living Planet Index — Local Biodiversity Action Plan — Man and the Biosphere Programme — Measurement of biodiversity — Megadiverse countries — Millennium Ecosystem Assessment — Millennium Seed Bank Project — Monoculture — Monodominance — Mutation — NaGISA — National Biodiversity Centre (Singapore) — National Biodiversity Network — National Biological Information Infrastructure — Native Vegetation Management Framework — Natural environment — Natural heritage — Natural landscape — Nature — Nature Conservation Act vulnerable flora of Queensland (list) — NatureServe — NatureServe conservation status — Near Threatened — Niche apportionment models — Not Evaluated — Nutritional biodiversity — Occupancy–abundance relationship Organic farming and biodiversity — Park Grass Experiment — Parsa National Park — Phylogenetic diversity — Plant Resources of Tropical Africa — Range condition scoring — Rank abundance curve — Rare species — Rarefaction (ecology) — Reconciliation ecology — RECOrd (Local Biological Records Centre) — Regional Red List — Relative species abundance — Renkonen similarity index — Satoyama — SAVE Foundation — Seedbank — Seedy Sunday — Shivapuri Nagarjun National Park — Soil biodiversity — Species evenness — Species richness — Subsurface Lithoautotrophic Microbial Ecosystem — Sustainability — Sustainable development — Sustainable forest management — The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity — Threatened species — Unified neutral theory of biodiversity — United Nations Decade on Biodiversity — University of California, Riverside Herbarium — — Vulnerable flora of Queensland, Nature Conservation Act list — Vulnerable species — Vulnerable species, IUCN Red List — Wild Solutions — Wildlife preserve — Wooded meadow — World Conservation Monitoring Centre — World Conservation Union — World Forestry Congress — World Network of Biosphere Reserves — Yasuni National Park", "Habitat conservation __knowledge__ Habitat conservation is a management practice that seeks to conserve, protect and restore habitat areas for wild plants and animals, especially conservation reliant species, and prevent their extinction, fragmentation or reduction in range.", "Habitat conservation __knowledge__ It is a priority of many groups that cannot be easily characterized in terms of any one ideology.", "Habitat conservation __knowledge__ For much of human history, \"nature\" had been seen as a resource, one that could be controlled by the government and used for personal and economic gain.", "Habitat conservation __knowledge__ The idea was that plants only existed to feed animals and animals only existed to feed humans.", "Habitat conservation __knowledge__ The land itself had limited value only extending to the resources it could provide such as minerals and oil.", "Habitat fragmentation __knowledge__ Habitat fragmentation describes the emergence of discontinuities (fragmentation) in an organism's preferred environment (habitat), causing population fragmentation and ecosystem decay.", "Habitat fragmentation __knowledge__ Habitat fragmentation can be caused by geological processes that slowly alter the layout of the physical environment (suspected of being one of the major causes of speciation), or by human activity such as land conversion, which can alter the environment much faster and causes extinctions of many species.", "Habitat fragmentation __knowledge__ The term habitat fragmentation includes five discrete phenomena: \"fragmentation ... not only causes loss of the amount of habitat, but by creating small, isolated patches it also changes the properties of the remaining habitat\" (van den Berg et al.", "Natural resource __knowledge__ Natural resources are resources that exist without actions of humankind.", "Natural resource __knowledge__ This includes all valued characteristics such as magnetic, gravitational, electrical properties and forces etc.", "Natural resource __knowledge__ On earth it includes: sunlight, atmosphere, water, land (includes all minerals) along with all vegetation, crops and animal life that naturally subsists upon or within the heretofore identified characteristics and substances.", "Natural resource __knowledge__ Particular areas such as the rainforest in Fatu-Hiva are often characterized by the biodiversity and geodiversity existent in their ecosystems.", "Natural resource __knowledge__ Natural resources may be further classified in different ways.", "Conservation areas of India __knowledge__ Conservation Areas in India refer to well-demarcated large geographical entities with an established conservation plan, and were part of a joint Indo-US project on \"landscape management and protection\".", "Conservation areas of India __knowledge__ The project ran from 1996 to 2002.", "Conservation areas of India __knowledge__ These areas are home to many Conservation reliant species Four Conservation Areas were selected for this project: The participating entities in the project were: The primary goal was to develop experience in \"landscape protection\" - protection of large geographical entities as a whole, only parts of which may be under federal control and protection.", "Conservation areas of India __knowledge__ Each of the conservation areas contained fully protected areas like national parks and wildlife sanctuaries, managed resources like reserved forests and communal forests, as well as privately held land." ] ]

[ 1, 11, 9, 49 ]

[ "Yes, I have. They are native to central China. I think they are so cute to.", "There are only 49 pandas that live outside of China and they are in captivity at zoos or other facilities.", "They are a conservation reliant species that is very vulnerable. They need all the help they can get.", "I am not sure off hand, but I would start by researching the Endangered Species Act at Thirty Project." ]

[ "Giant panda", "Giant panda", "Giant panda", "Giant panda" ]

[ "Las Vegas", "I've never been to Las Vegas but I think it's really cool over there.", "Oh really it's in the Desert? I didn't know that! I'm not sure what I'd do, do you know of any attractions there?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ Las Vegas (, Spanish for \"The Meadows\"), officially the City of Las Vegas and often known simply as Vegas, is the 28th-most populated city in the United States, the most populated city in the state of Nevada, and the county seat of Clark County.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ The city anchors the Las Vegas Valley metropolitan area and is the largest city within the greater Mojave Desert.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ Las Vegas is an internationally renowned major resort city, known primarily for its gambling, shopping, fine dining, entertainment, and nightlife.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ The Las Vegas Valley as a whole serves as the leading financial, commercial, and cultural center for Nevada.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ The city bills itself as The Entertainment Capital of the World, and is famous for its mega casino–hotels and associated activities.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ It is a top three destination in the United States for business conventions and a global leader in the hospitality industry, claiming more AAA Five Diamond hotels than any other city in the world.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ Today, Las Vegas annually ranks as one of the world's most visited tourist destinations.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ The city's tolerance for numerous forms of adult entertainment earned it the title of Sin City, and has made Las Vegas a popular setting for literature, films, television programs, and music videos." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ Las Vegas (, Spanish for \"The Meadows\"), officially the City of Las Vegas and often known simply as Vegas, is the 28th-most populated city in the United States, the most populated city in the state of Nevada, and the county seat of Clark County.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ The city anchors the Las Vegas Valley metropolitan area and is the largest city within the greater Mojave Desert.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ Las Vegas is an internationally renowned major resort city, known primarily for its gambling, shopping, fine dining, entertainment, and nightlife.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ The Las Vegas Valley as a whole serves as the leading financial, commercial, and cultural center for Nevada.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ The city bills itself as The Entertainment Capital of the World, and is famous for its mega casino–hotels and associated activities.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ It is a top three destination in the United States for business conventions and a global leader in the hospitality industry, claiming more AAA Five Diamond hotels than any other city in the world.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ Today, Las Vegas annually ranks as one of the world's most visited tourist destinations.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ The city's tolerance for numerous forms of adult entertainment earned it the title of Sin City, and has made Las Vegas a popular setting for literature, films, television programs, and music videos.", "List of condominiums in Las Vegas __knowledge__ Since the 1990s, various condominium projects have been proposed for the Las Vegas Valley.", "List of condominiums in Las Vegas __knowledge__ Park Towers and Turnberry Place, two high-rise condominium properties located near the Las Vegas Strip, were completed in 2001; they subsequently inspired a condominium boom that started in 2003, when various developers began announcing projects that were planned throughout the Las Vegas Valley.", "List of condominiums in Las Vegas __knowledge__ Many projects were ultimately cancelled because of a rise in construction costs, as well as a lack of skilled construction workers and contractors who were qualified to build high-rises; both reasons were attributed to the large number of projects being announced.", "Sports in the Las Vegas metropolitan area __knowledge__ The Las Vegas metropolitan area is home to many sports, most of which take place in the unincorporated communities around Las Vegas rather than in the city itself.", "Sports in the Las Vegas metropolitan area __knowledge__ The Las Vegas Valley has one major league professional team: the Vegas Golden Knights of the National Hockey League (NHL) who began play in 2017 as the region's first major pro team.", "Sports in the Las Vegas metropolitan area __knowledge__ The Oakland Raiders of the National Football League (NFL) will begin play in Las Vegas as the \"Las Vegas Raiders\" by 2020 and become the region's second major professional team.", "Sports in the Las Vegas metropolitan area __knowledge__ Las Vegas is also home to one minor league sports team: the Las Vegas 51s of the Triple-A Pacific Coast League (Minor League Baseball).", "Las Vegas Valley __knowledge__ The Las Vegas Valley is a major metropolitan area in the southern part of the U.S. state of Nevada.", "Las Vegas Valley __knowledge__ The state's largest urban agglomeration, it is the heart of the Las Vegas–Paradise-Henderson, NV MSA.", "Las Vegas Valley __knowledge__ The Valley is largely defined by the Las Vegas Valley landform, a basin area surrounded by mountains to the north, south, east and west of the metropolitan area.", "Las Vegas Valley __knowledge__ The Valley is home to the three largest incorporated cities in Nevada: Las Vegas, Henderson and North Las Vegas.", "Las Vegas Valley __knowledge__ Five unincorporated towns governed by the Clark County government are part of the Las Vegas Township and constitute the largest community in the state of Nevada.", "History of Las Vegas __knowledge__ This history of Las Vegas covers both the city of Las Vegas, Nevada, and the Las Vegas Valley.", "History of Las Vegas __knowledge__ The name Las Vegas was given to the area in 1821 by Rafael Rivera, a member of the Antonio Armijo trading party that was traveling to Los Angeles, and stopped for water there on the Old Spanish Trail from New Mexico.", "History of Las Vegas __knowledge__ At that time, several parts of the valley contained artesian wells surrounded by extensive green areas; \"Las Vegas\" means the meadows in Spanish.", "History of Las Vegas __knowledge__ The flows from the wells fed the Las Vegas Wash, which runs to the Colorado River.", "History of Las Vegas __knowledge__ The prehistoric landscape of the Las Vegas Valley and most of Southern Nevada was once a marsh with water and vegetation.", "Oakland Raiders __knowledge__ The Oakland Raiders are a professional American football franchise based in Oakland, California.", "Oakland Raiders __knowledge__ The Raiders compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member club of the league's American Football Conference (AFC) West division.", "Oakland Raiders __knowledge__ Founded on January 30, 1960, they played their first regular-season game on September 11, 1960, as a charter member of the American Football League (AFL) which merged with the NFL in 1970.", "Oakland Raiders __knowledge__ The Raiders' off-field fortunes have varied considerably over the years.", "Oakland Raiders __knowledge__ The team's first three years of operation (1960–1962) were marred by poor on-field performance, financial difficulties, and spotty attendance.", "Nevada __knowledge__ Nevada (; see pronunciations) is a state in the Western, Mountain West, and Southwestern regions of the United States of America.", "Nevada __knowledge__ Nevada is the 7th most extensive, the 34th most populous, but the 9th least densely populated of the 50 United States.", "Nevada __knowledge__ Nearly three-quarters of Nevada's people live in Clark County, which contains the Las Vegas–Paradise metropolitan area where three of the state's four largest incorporated cities are located.", "Nevada __knowledge__ Nevada's capital is Carson City.", "Nevada __knowledge__ Nevada is officially known as the \"Silver State\" because of the importance of silver to its history and economy.", "Nevada __knowledge__ It is also known as the \"Battle Born State\", because it achieved statehood during the Civil War (the words \"Battle Born\" also appear on the state flag); as the \"Sagebrush State\", for the native plant of the same name; and as the \"Sage-hen State\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ Las Vegas (, Spanish for \"The Meadows\"), officially the City of Las Vegas and often known simply as Vegas, is the 28th-most populated city in the United States, the most populated city in the state of Nevada, and the county seat of Clark County.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ The city anchors the Las Vegas Valley metropolitan area and is the largest city within the greater Mojave Desert.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ Las Vegas is an internationally renowned major resort city, known primarily for its gambling, shopping, fine dining, entertainment, and nightlife.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ The Las Vegas Valley as a whole serves as the leading financial, commercial, and cultural center for Nevada.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ The city bills itself as The Entertainment Capital of the World, and is famous for its mega casino–hotels and associated activities.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ It is a top three destination in the United States for business conventions and a global leader in the hospitality industry, claiming more AAA Five Diamond hotels than any other city in the world.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ Today, Las Vegas annually ranks as one of the world's most visited tourist destinations.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ The city's tolerance for numerous forms of adult entertainment earned it the title of Sin City, and has made Las Vegas a popular setting for literature, films, television programs, and music videos.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ Fortune Records was an American family operated, independent record label located in Detroit, Michigan from 1946 to 1995.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ The label owners were Jack and Devora Brown, their son Sheldon Brown recorded for the label.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ Original releases tapered off after 1972 aside from a few albums in the mid-1980s.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ Fortune specialized in R&B, blues, soul and doo-wop music, although the label also released pop, big band, hillbilly, gospel, rock and roll, and polka records.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ Fortune released some doo-wop tunes by Nolan Strong & The Diablos, such as \"The Wind\" (Fortune 511, 1954), \"The Way You Dog Me Around\" (Fortune 518, 1955), and \"Mind Over Matter\" (Fortune 546, 1962).", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Blaine Anderson __knowledge__ Blaine Devon Anderson is a fictional character from the American musical comedy-drama television series \"Glee\".", "Blaine Anderson __knowledge__ Played by Darren Criss, Blaine was introduced in the sixth episode of the second season as the openly gay lead singer of the Dalton Academy Warblers, a rival show choir to New Directions, the show's primary musical group.", "Blaine Anderson __knowledge__ Blaine initially served as a mentor for New Directions member Kurt Hummel (Chris Colfer).", "Blaine Anderson __knowledge__ Chemistry between the two, combined with fan support for the couple, led series co-creator Ryan Murphy to pair them romantically.", "Blaine Anderson __knowledge__ Their relationship has been well received by critics, and they have been named \"one of the most beloved TV couples of the millennium\" by Jarett Wieselman of the \"New York Post\".", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) is an American media franchise and shared universe that is centered on a series of superhero films, independently produced by Marvel Studios and based on characters that appear in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The franchise has expanded to include comic books, short films, television series, and digital series.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The shared universe, much like the original Marvel Universe in comic books, was established by crossing over common plot elements, settings, cast, and characters.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Phil Coulson, portrayed by Clark Gregg, is an original character to the MCU and the only character to appear across all the different media of the MCU.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ The Plame affair (also known as the CIA leak scandal and Plamegate) was a political scandal that revolved around journalist Robert Novak's public identification of Valerie Plame as a covert Central Intelligence Agency officer in 2003.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ In 2002, Plame wrote a memo to her superiors in which she expressed hesitation in recommending her husband, former diplomat Joseph C. Wilson, to the CIA for a mission to Niger to investigate claims that Iraq had arranged to purchase and import uranium from the country, but stated that he \"may be in a position to assist\".", "Plame affair __knowledge__ After President George W. Bush stated that \"Saddam Hussein recently sought significant quantities of uranium from Africa\" during the run-up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Wilson published a July 2003 op-ed in \"The New York Times\" stating his doubts during the mission that any such transaction with Iraq had taken place.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Love & Mercy (film) __knowledge__ Love & Mercy (stylized as love&mercy) is a 2014 American biographical drama film directed by Bill Pohlad that focuses on the Beach Boys' co-founder and leader Brian Wilson and his struggles with mental illness during the 1960s and 1980s.", "Love & Mercy (film) __knowledge__ The film, deriving its title from the 1988 song by Wilson, stars Paul Dano and John Cusack as the young and middle-aged Wilson, respectively, with Elizabeth Banks as his second wife Melinda Ledbetter, and Paul Giamatti as his psychotherapist Dr. Eugene Landy.", "Love & Mercy (film) __knowledge__ The film premiered in the Special Presentations section of the 2014 Toronto International Film Festival on September 7, 2014 and was released by Lionsgate and Roadside Attractions on June 5, 2015.", "Mojave Desert __knowledge__ The Mojave Desert (, or ) is an arid rain-shadow desert and the driest desert in North America.", "Mojave Desert __knowledge__ It is located in the southwestern United States, primarily within southeastern California and southern Nevada, and it occupies a total of .", "Mojave Desert __knowledge__ Very small areas also extend into Utah and Arizona.", "Mojave Desert __knowledge__ Its boundaries are generally noted by the presence of Joshua trees, which are native only to the Mojave Desert and are considered an indicator species, and it is believed to support an additional 1,750 to 2,000 species of plants.", "Mojave Desert __knowledge__ The central part of the desert is sparsely populated, while its peripheries support large communities such as San Bernardino, Las Vegas, Lancaster, Palmdale, Victorville, and St. George.", "Solar power plants in the Mojave Desert __knowledge__ There are several solar power plants in the Mojave Desert which supply power to the electricity grid.", "Solar power plants in the Mojave Desert __knowledge__ Insolation (solar radiation) in the Mojave Desert is among the best available in the United States, and some significant population centers are located in the area.", "Solar power plants in the Mojave Desert __knowledge__ These plants can generally be built in a few years because solar plants are built almost entirely with modular, readily available materials.", "Solar power plants in the Mojave Desert __knowledge__ Solar Energy Generating Systems (SEGS) is the name given to nine solar power plants in the Mojave Desert which were built in the 1980s, the first commercial solar plant.", "Solar power plants in the Mojave Desert __knowledge__ These plants have a combined capacity of 354 megawatts (MW) which made them the largest solar power installation in the world, until Ivanpah Solar Power Facility was finished in 2014.", "California State Route 14 __knowledge__ State Route 14 (SR 14) is a north–south state highway in the U.S. state of California, largely in the Mojave Desert.", "California State Route 14 __knowledge__ The southern portion of the highway is signed as the Antelope Valley Freeway.", "California State Route 14 __knowledge__ The route connects Interstate 5, or Golden State Freeway, on the border of the city of Santa Clarita to the north and the Los Angeles neighborhoods of Granada Hills and Sylmar to the south, with U.S. Route 395 near Inyokern.", "California State Route 14 __knowledge__ Legislatively, the route extends south of I-5 to State Route 1 in the Pacific Palisades area of Los Angeles, however the portion south of the junction with I-5 has not been constructed.", "Deserts of California __knowledge__ The Deserts of California have unique ecosystems and habitats, a sociocultural and historical \"Old West\" collection of legends, districts, and communities, and they also form a popular tourism region of dramatic natural features and recreational development.", "Deserts of California __knowledge__ All of the deserts are located in eastern Southern California, in the Western United States.", "Deserts of California __knowledge__ There are three main deserts in California: the Mojave Desert, the Colorado Desert, and the Great Basin Desert.", "Deserts of California __knowledge__ The Mojave Desert is bounded by the Tehachapi Mountains on the northwest, the San Gabriel and San Bernardino Mountains on the south, and extends eastward to California's borders with Arizona and Nevada; it also forms portions of northwest Arizona.", "Southwestern United States __knowledge__ The Southwestern United States (also known as the American Southwest) is the informal name for a region of the western United States.", "Southwestern United States __knowledge__ Definitions vary a great deal and have never been standardized--and many have been proposed.", "Southwestern United States __knowledge__ For example, it might include the stretch from east of Los Angeles to El Paso, and from the Mexican border to south of Denver.", "Southwestern United States __knowledge__ The population for that particular definition area is around 11 million people, with over half that in the state of Arizona.", "Southwestern United States __knowledge__ The largest metropolitan areas are Phoenix (with a population over 4 million people) and Las Vegas (about 2 million); other significant population centers in the Southwest are Albuquerque, El Paso, Denver, Salt Lake City, and Tucson.", "Desert tortoise __knowledge__ The desert tortoises (\"Gopherus agassizii\" and \"Gopherus morafkai\" ) are two species of tortoise native to the Mojave and Sonoran Deserts of the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico and the Sinaloan thornscrub of northwestern Mexico.", "Desert tortoise __knowledge__ \"G. agassizii\" is distributed in western Arizona, southeastern California, southern Nevada, and southwestern Utah.", "Desert tortoise __knowledge__ The specific name \"agassizii\" is in honor of Swiss-American zoologist Jean Louis Rodolphe Agassiz.", "Desert tortoise __knowledge__ Recently, on the basis of DNA, geographic, and behavioral differences between desert tortoises east and west of the Colorado River, it was decided that two species of desert tortoises exist: Agassiz's desert tortoise (\"Gopherus agassizii\" ) and Morafka's desert tortoise (\"Gopherus morafkai\").", "San Bernardino Mountains __knowledge__ The San Bernardino Mountains are a high and rugged mountain range in Southern California in the United States.", "San Bernardino Mountains __knowledge__ Situated north and northeast of San Bernardino and spanning two California counties, the range tops out at at San Gorgonio Mountain – the tallest peak in all of Southern California.", "San Bernardino Mountains __knowledge__ The San Bernardinos form a significant region of wilderness and are popular for hiking and skiing.", "San Bernardino Mountains __knowledge__ The mountains were formed about eleven million years ago by tectonic activity along the San Andreas Fault, and are still actively rising.", "San Bernardino Mountains __knowledge__ Many local rivers originate in the range, which receives significantly more precipitation than the surrounding desert." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 5 ]

[ "I live in a different part of the country, but I'm thinking of moving to Las Vegas. Do you have any advice about the city?", "A very cool city located in a very hot Mojave Desert! If you visited what would you do?", "Well, Las Vegas is nicknamed the Entertainment Capital of the World and there's plenty to do: casinos, magic shows, comedians, etc. But I'm not sure there's much for families - or at least family-friendly entertainment." ]

[ "Las Vegas", "Las Vegas", "Las Vegas" ]

[ "Animal shelter", "Yes I have. I've picked up a few fur babies in my life from animal shelters. What about you?", "You have done great work. That's so great. What did you do for the Humane Society?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ An animal shelter or pound is a place where stray, lost, abandoned or surrendered animals, mostly dogs and cats, and sometimes sick or wounded wildlife are kept and rehabilitated.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ While no-kill shelters exist, it is sometimes policy to euthanize sick animals, and any animal that is not claimed quickly enough by a previous or new owner.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In Europe, of 30 countries included in a survey, all but four (Czech republic, Germany, Greece, and Italy) permitted the killing of healthy stray dogs.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Critics believe the new term \"animal shelter\" is generally a euphemism for the older term \"pound\".", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The word \"pound\" had its origins in the animal pounds of agricultural communities, where stray livestock would be penned or impounded until claimed by their owners.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Some shelters even have sick tropical animals.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In the United States there is no government-run organization that provides oversight or regulation of the various shelters on a national basis.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ However, many individual states do regulate shelters within their jurisdiction.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ One of the earliest comprehensive measures was the \"Georgia Animal Protection Act\" of 1986.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The law was enacted in response to the inhumane treatment of companion animals by a pet store chain in Atlanta." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ An animal shelter or pound is a place where stray, lost, abandoned or surrendered animals, mostly dogs and cats, and sometimes sick or wounded wildlife are kept and rehabilitated.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ While no-kill shelters exist, it is sometimes policy to euthanize sick animals, and any animal that is not claimed quickly enough by a previous or new owner.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In Europe, of 30 countries included in a survey, all but four (Czech republic, Germany, Greece, and Italy) permitted the killing of healthy stray dogs.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Critics believe the new term \"animal shelter\" is generally a euphemism for the older term \"pound\".", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The word \"pound\" had its origins in the animal pounds of agricultural communities, where stray livestock would be penned or impounded until claimed by their owners.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Some shelters even have sick tropical animals.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In the United States there is no government-run organization that provides oversight or regulation of the various shelters on a national basis.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ However, many individual states do regulate shelters within their jurisdiction.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ One of the earliest comprehensive measures was the \"Georgia Animal Protection Act\" of 1986.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The law was enacted in response to the inhumane treatment of companion animals by a pet store chain in Atlanta.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ The Humane Society of the United States (HSUS), based in Washington, D.C., is an American nonprofit organization founded by journalist Fred Myers and Helen Jones, Larry Andrews, and Marcia Glaser in 1954, to address what they saw as animal-related cruelties of national scope, and to resolve animal welfare problems by applying strategies beyond the resources or abilities of local organizations.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ In 2013, the \"Chronicle of Philanthropy\" identified HSUS as the 136th largest charity in the United States in its Philanthropy 400 listing.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ As of 2001, the group's major campaigns targeted five issues: factory farming, animal fighting, the fur trade, puppy mills, and wildlife abuse.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA ; stylized PeTA) is an American animal rights organization based in Norfolk, Virginia, and led by Ingrid Newkirk, its international president.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ A nonprofit corporation with nearly 400 employees, it claims that it has 6.5 million members and supporters, in addition to claiming that it is the largest animal rights group in the world.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Its slogan is \"Animals are not ours to eat, wear, experiment on, use for entertainment, or abuse in any other way.\"", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Founded in March 1980 by Newkirk and fellow animal rights activist Alex Pacheco, the organization first caught the public's attention in the summer of 1981 during what became known as the Silver Spring monkeys case, a widely publicized dispute about experiments conducted on 17 macaque monkeys inside the Institute of Behavioral Research in Silver Spring, Maryland.", "Overpopulation in domestic pets __knowledge__ Overpopulation in domestic pets refers to a surplus of domestic animals, such as cats, dogs, and exotic animals.", "Overpopulation in domestic pets __knowledge__ In the United States, a 6 to 8 million animals are brought to shelters each year, of which an estimated 3 to 4 million are subsequently euthanized, including 2.7 million considered healthy and adoptable.", "Overpopulation in domestic pets __knowledge__ Euthanasia numbers have declined from the 1970s, when U.S. shelters euthanized an estimated 12 to 20 million animals.", "Overpopulation in domestic pets __knowledge__ Most humane societies, animal shelters and rescue groups urge animal caregivers to have their animals spayed or neutered to prevent the births of unwanted and accidental litters that could contribute to this dynamic.", "Domestic rabbit __knowledge__ A domestic rabbit or domesticated rabbit (\"Oryctolagus\"), more commonly known as simply a rabbit, is any of the domesticated varieties of the European rabbit species.", "Domestic rabbit __knowledge__ Rabbits were first domesticated in the Middle Ages, and are used as sources of food, fur, and wool, as research subjects, and as pets.", "Domestic rabbit __knowledge__ The male is called a \"buck,\" the female a \"doe,\" and a young rabbit is a \"kit\" or \"bunny\".", "Domestic rabbit __knowledge__ Phoenician sailors visiting the coast of Spain c. 12th century BC, mistaking the European rabbit for a species from their homeland (the rock hyrax \"Procavia capensis\"), gave it the name \"i-shepan-ham\" (land or island of hyraxes).", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A \"no-kill\" shelter is an animal shelter that does not kill healthy or treatable animals even when the shelter is full, reserving euthanasia for terminally ill animals or those considered dangerous to public safety.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A no-kill shelter uses many strategies to promote shelter animals; to expanding its resources using volunteers, housing and medical protocols; and to work actively to lower the number of homeless animals entering the shelter system.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A no-kill or limited admit shelter is a shelter that saves healthy, treatable and rehabilitatable animals.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ As a benchmark, at least 90% of the animals entering the shelter are expected to be saved.", "National Animal Interest Alliance __knowledge__ The National Animal Interest Alliance (NAIA) is a non-profit organization in the United States dedicated to promoting animal welfare and animal husbandry practices, strengthening the human-animal bond, and safeguarding the rights of responsible animal owners and professionals through research, public education and public policy.", "National Animal Interest Alliance __knowledge__ The NAIA mission is \"to promote the welfare of animals.\"", "National Animal Interest Alliance __knowledge__ The organization's focus is clarifying the difference between animal welfare, the promotion of responsible and humane animal use and human-animal interaction and companionship, and animal rights; the ideology that seeks to end most human uses of animals.", "North Carolina Animal Protection Act __knowledge__ The North Carolina Animal Protection Act aims to protect pets and their owners in North Carolina.", "North Carolina Animal Protection Act __knowledge__ This legislation models the Animal Welfare Act of 1966 and can be found in the North Carolina General Statutes under Chapter 19A: Protection Of Animals, Article 3, consisting of six articles.", "North Carolina Animal Protection Act __knowledge__ It aims (i) to protect the owners of dogs and cats from the theft of such pets; (ii) to prevent the sale or use of stolen pets; (iii) to insure that animals, as items of commerce, are provided humane care and treatment by regulating the transportation, sale, purchase, housing, care, handling and treatment of such animals by persons or organizations engaged in transporting, buying, or selling them for such use; (iv) to insure that animals confined in pet shops, kennels, animal shelters and auction markets are provided humane care and treatment; (v) to prohibit the sale, trade or adoption of those animals which show physical signs of infection, communicable disease, or congenital abnormalities, unless veterinary care is assured subsequent to sale, trade or adoption.", "MSPCA-Angell __knowledge__ The Massachusetts Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals-Angell Animal Medical Center (MSPCA-Angell) is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization with its main headquarters on South Huntington Avenue in the Jamaica Plain neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts.", "MSPCA-Angell __knowledge__ It was founded in 1868, and is the second-oldest humane society in the United States.", "MSPCA-Angell __knowledge__ \"MSPCA-Angell\" was adopted as the society's identity in 2003, and indicates the names of its two closely related predecessor organizations: Massachusetts Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals and Angell Animal Medical Center (formerly known as Angell Memorial Animal Hospital).", "Nova Scotia Society for the Prevention of Cruelty __knowledge__ The Nova Scotia Society for the Prevention of Cruelty (Nova Scotia SPCA) is a not-for-profit charitable society organized under the \"Animal Protection Act\" of the Canadian province of Nova Scotia.", "Nova Scotia Society for the Prevention of Cruelty __knowledge__ The Society is dedicated to the prevention of cruelty to animals and to the promotion of respect and humane care for animals.", "Nova Scotia Society for the Prevention of Cruelty __knowledge__ Its members are committed to providing humane leadership in animal advocacy, protection, education, and veterinary care.", "Nova Scotia Society for the Prevention of Cruelty __knowledge__ The Nova Scotia Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals is involved solely with the prevention of cruelty to animals and the promotion of humane education.", "Pardis Animal Shelter __knowledge__ Pardis Animal Shelter () is a no-kill animal shelter, a spay/neuter clinic, and a public animal hospital located near Tabriz, Iran.", "Pardis Animal Shelter __knowledge__ It is affiliated with \"Tabriz Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals\" which is a volunteer nonprofit organization based in Tabriz, devoted to pet adoption and animal rescue.", "Pardis Animal Shelter __knowledge__ Pardis Shelter was founded by Jila Pourirani in 2012, after a massive cull that nearly 400 dogs were shot dead in Tabriz.", "Pardis Animal Shelter __knowledge__ Pardis Shelter has a clinic, 11 shelters, three niches and shaded areas.", "Pardis Animal Shelter __knowledge__ 1300 animals of different kinds including dogs, cats, foxes, horses and birds such as eagle, owl and vultures are being treated and sheltered in this center.", "Liberty Humane Society __knowledge__ The Liberty Humane Society is an animal shelter and humane society in New Jersey The Liberty Humane Society was created in 1998 to work in partnership with Jersey City to build and manage an animal shelter.", "Liberty Humane Society __knowledge__ Jersey City had previously contracted with the Hudson County SPCA to provide it with animal sheltering services, but the SPCA was deemed unsatisfactory.", "Liberty Humane Society __knowledge__ In 2002, after a state investigation revealed numerous abuses, mismanagement, and financial misdealings at the SPCA, the City dropped its contract and opened its own animal shelter in a converted garage.", "Liberty Humane Society __knowledge__ The Liberty Humane Society provided volunteer and financial support, and participated in managerial and hiring decisions with the City." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ An animal shelter or pound is a place where stray, lost, abandoned or surrendered animals, mostly dogs and cats, and sometimes sick or wounded wildlife are kept and rehabilitated.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ While no-kill shelters exist, it is sometimes policy to euthanize sick animals, and any animal that is not claimed quickly enough by a previous or new owner.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In Europe, of 30 countries included in a survey, all but four (Czech republic, Germany, Greece, and Italy) permitted the killing of healthy stray dogs.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Critics believe the new term \"animal shelter\" is generally a euphemism for the older term \"pound\".", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The word \"pound\" had its origins in the animal pounds of agricultural communities, where stray livestock would be penned or impounded until claimed by their owners.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Some shelters even have sick tropical animals.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In the United States there is no government-run organization that provides oversight or regulation of the various shelters on a national basis.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ However, many individual states do regulate shelters within their jurisdiction.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ One of the earliest comprehensive measures was the \"Georgia Animal Protection Act\" of 1986.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The law was enacted in response to the inhumane treatment of companion animals by a pet store chain in Atlanta.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ The Humane Society of the United States (HSUS), based in Washington, D.C., is an American nonprofit organization founded by journalist Fred Myers and Helen Jones, Larry Andrews, and Marcia Glaser in 1954, to address what they saw as animal-related cruelties of national scope, and to resolve animal welfare problems by applying strategies beyond the resources or abilities of local organizations.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ In 2013, the \"Chronicle of Philanthropy\" identified HSUS as the 136th largest charity in the United States in its Philanthropy 400 listing.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ As of 2001, the group's major campaigns targeted five issues: factory farming, animal fighting, the fur trade, puppy mills, and wildlife abuse.", "Joshua James (lifesaver) __knowledge__ Joshua James (November 22, 1826March 19, 1902) was an American sea captain and a U.S. Lifesaving Station keeper.", "Joshua James (lifesaver) __knowledge__ He was a famous and celebrated commander of civilian life-saving crews in the 19th century, credited with saving over 200 lives from the age of about 15 when he first associated himself with the Massachusetts Humane Society until his death at the age of 75 while on duty with the United States Life-Saving Service.", "Joshua James (lifesaver) __knowledge__ During his lifetime he was honored with the highest medals of the Humane Society and the United States.", "Joshua James (lifesaver) __knowledge__ His father, mother, brothers, wife, and son were also lifesavers in their own right.", "San Diego Humane Society __knowledge__ San Diego Humane Society and SPCA, is a non-profit organization in San Diego, California with three campuses in San Diego County.", "San Diego Humane Society __knowledge__ The organization's programs include; sheltering and adopting animals, investigating animal cruelty and neglect, rescuing animals in emergency situations, positive reinforcement behavior training through public training classes, providing adult and youth education programs, sharing animals through pet-assisted therapy and more.", "San Diego Humane Society __knowledge__ In Oceanside and Vista, the San Diego Humane Society North Campus provides animal control and stray pet services for the public.", "San Diego Humane Society __knowledge__ To promote the humane treatment of animals, to prevent cruelty to animals, and provide education to enhance the human-animal bond.", "Humane society __knowledge__ A humane society is a group that aims to stop human or animal suffering due to cruelty or other reasons.", "Humane society __knowledge__ In many countries, the term is used mostly for societies for the prevention of cruelty to animals (SPCA).", "Humane society __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, it may also be a society that provides a waterways rescue, prevention, and recovery service, or that gives awards for the saving of human life (see: Royal Humane Society).", "Humane society __knowledge__ The first Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (SPCA), based on the British Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA), was set up in Victoria in 1871.", "Humane society __knowledge__ This was followed by New South Wales in 1873; South Australia in 1875; Tasmania in 1878; Queensland in 1883; Western Australia in 1892; Australian Capital Territory in 1955 and Darwin in 1965.", "American Humane Association __knowledge__ American Humane (AH) is an organization founded in 1877, committed to ensuring the safety, welfare and well-being of animals.", "American Humane Association __knowledge__ American Humane's leadership programs are first to serve in promoting and nurturing the bonds between animals and humans.", "American Humane Association __knowledge__ It was previously called the International Humane Association, before changing its name in 1878.", "American Humane Association __knowledge__ In 1940, it became the sole monitoring body for the humane treatment of animals on the sets of Hollywood films and other broadcast productions.", "American Humane Association __knowledge__ American Humane is best known for its trademarked certification \"No Animals Were Harmed\", which appears at the end of film or television credits.", "Hawaiian Humane Society __knowledge__ Organized in 1883, the Hawaiian Humane Society is an education and advocacy organization that also shelters, protects, rescues, reunites and rehomes animals.", "Hawaiian Humane Society __knowledge__ It is Oahu's only open-admission shelter that welcomes all animals.", "Hawaiian Humane Society __knowledge__ Established in 1883, this non-profit organization is not a chapter of any group as there is no national humane society.", "Hawaiian Humane Society __knowledge__ Gifts made directly to this independent, local organization help local animals and people.", "Hawaiian Humane Society __knowledge__ Visit HawaiianHumane.org to learn more.", "Hawaiian Humane Society __knowledge__ While the modern-day humane society is known for sheltering homeless pets, in the early 1900s it also cared for children, unwed mothers and others considered to be society's most vulnerable.", "Michigan Humane Society __knowledge__ The Michigan Humane Society (MHS) is a private, non-profit organization providing animal welfare and sheltering services to the metropolitan Detroit area.", "Michigan Humane Society __knowledge__ Events at the Michigan Humane Society are featured in the Animal Planet channel's reality television series \"\".", "Michigan Humane Society __knowledge__ The Michigan Humane Society is a private, non-profit organization serving the animals and people of metropolitan Detroit.", "Michigan Humane Society __knowledge__ Founded in 1877, it is the state of Michigan's oldest and largest animal welfare organization.", "Michigan Humane Society __knowledge__ In addition, it is one of the largest animal welfare organizations in the country based on the number of animals cared for and the scope of programs and services." ] ]

[ 1, 11, 13 ]

[ "Have you ever been to an animal shelter?", "No I have not but I was a memeber of the Humane Society.", "I was part of the factory farming team. We tried to expose them." ]

[ "Animal shelter", "Animal shelter", "Animal shelter" ]

[ "Fairy tale", "Oh cool, I used to love them as a kid.", "Usually at least, sometimes its just people.", "Yeah same here, they are the most exciting." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Fairy tale __knowledge__ A fairy tale is a type of short story that typically features folkloric fantasy characters, such as dwarfs, dragons, elves, fairies, giants, gnomes, goblins, griffins, mermaids, talking animals, trolls, unicorns, or witches, and usually magic or enchantments.", "Fairy tale __knowledge__ Fairy tales may be distinguished from other folk narratives such as legends (which generally involve belief in the veracity of the events described) and explicitly moral tales, including beast fables.", "Fairy tale __knowledge__ The term is mainly used for stories with origins in European tradition and, at least in recent centuries, mostly relates to children's literature.", "Fairy tale __knowledge__ In less technical contexts, the term is also used to describe something blessed with unusual happiness, as in \"fairy tale ending\" (a happy ending) or \"fairy tale romance\".", "Fairy tale __knowledge__ Colloquially, a \"fairy tale\" or \"fairy story\" can also mean any far-fetched story or tall tale; it is used especially of any story that not only is not true, but could not possibly be true.", "Fairy tale __knowledge__ Legends are perceived as real; fairy tales may merge into legends, where the narrative is perceived both by teller and hearers as being grounded in historical truth.", "Fairy tale __knowledge__ However, unlike legends and epics, they usually do not contain more than superficial references to religion and actual places, people, and events; they take place once upon a time rather than in actual times." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Fairy tale __knowledge__ A fairy tale is a type of short story that typically features folkloric fantasy characters, such as dwarfs, dragons, elves, fairies, giants, gnomes, goblins, griffins, mermaids, talking animals, trolls, unicorns, or witches, and usually magic or enchantments.", "Fairy tale __knowledge__ Fairy tales may be distinguished from other folk narratives such as legends (which generally involve belief in the veracity of the events described) and explicitly moral tales, including beast fables.", "Fairy tale __knowledge__ The term is mainly used for stories with origins in European tradition and, at least in recent centuries, mostly relates to children's literature.", "Fairy tale __knowledge__ In less technical contexts, the term is also used to describe something blessed with unusual happiness, as in \"fairy tale ending\" (a happy ending) or \"fairy tale romance\".", "Fairy tale __knowledge__ Colloquially, a \"fairy tale\" or \"fairy story\" can also mean any far-fetched story or tall tale; it is used especially of any story that not only is not true, but could not possibly be true.", "Fairy tale __knowledge__ Legends are perceived as real; fairy tales may merge into legends, where the narrative is perceived both by teller and hearers as being grounded in historical truth.", "Fairy tale __knowledge__ However, unlike legends and epics, they usually do not contain more than superficial references to religion and actual places, people, and events; they take place once upon a time rather than in actual times.", "The Neptunes production discography __knowledge__ The Neptunes are a two-member producing group consisting of Pharrell Williams and Chad Hugo.", "The Neptunes production discography __knowledge__ This discography lists the recorded performances as a duo and individuals.", "The Neptunes production discography __knowledge__ It also lists the writing and production credits as The Neptunes, as Williams or Hugo, or both.", "The Neptunes production discography __knowledge__ Song names that are bold are singles, album names/releases are in \"italics\".", "The Neptunes production discography __knowledge__ S.B.I.", "The Neptunes production discography __knowledge__ (Surrounded By Idiots) – \"S.B.I.", "The Neptunes production discography __knowledge__ (Surrounded By Idiots) (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" (With Larry Live, DJ Timmy Tim aka \"Timbaland\", Mr. Magoo & Magnum The Verb Lord aka \"Pharrell Williams\", All Tracks Produced By DJ Timmy Tim aka \"Timbaland\") Wreckx N' Effect – \"Hard Or Smooth (November 24th, US #9)\" (All Tracks Produced By Teddy Riley, Written By Pharrell Williams) BLACKstreet – \"BLACKstreet (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" (Produced By Teddy Riley) SWV – \"Right Here (VLS) (July 10th, US #29)\" (All Tracks Produced By Teddy Riley) The Legacy – \"Technobodies (Unreleased)\" (All Tracks Produced By DJ Chase Chad aka Chad Hugo) The Party – \"All About Love (Promo CDS)\" (Produced By Demetrius Ship) BLACKstreet – \"Blackstreet (June 21st, US #7)\" Wreckx N' Effect – \"NBA Jam Session\" (Produced By Teddy Riley, Written By Pharrell Williams) Average Guyz – \"First Come, First Serve (Unreleased)\" (Produced By Chad Hugo) * * Mystikal – \"Mind Of Mystikal (October 15th)\" (Produced By Pharrell Williams & Leroy 'Precise' Edwards) SWV – \"The New Beginning (April 23)\" \"Use Your Heart (CDS) (July 28th, #6)\" Total – \"Total (January 13, US #23)\" (Samples Bee Gee's – Love You Inside Out) Jay-Z – \"In My Lifetime Vol.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Kid Rock __knowledge__ Robert James Ritchie (born January 17, 1971), known professionally as Kid Rock, is an American singer-songwriter, rapper, musician, record producer, activist and actor.", "Kid Rock __knowledge__ In a career spanning over 20 years, Kid Rock's music has encompassed rock, hip hop and country.", "Kid Rock __knowledge__ A self-taught multi-instrumentalist who can play every instrument in his backing band, Kid Rock has overseen his own production on nine of his eleven studio albums that he released with his band, Twisted Brown Trucker.", "Kid Rock __knowledge__ Kid Rock started his professional music career as a self-taught rapper and DJ, releasing his debut album \"Grits Sandwiches for Breakfast\" in 1990 on the major record label Jive; his subsequent independent releases \"The Polyfuze Method\" and \"Early Mornin' Stoned Pimp\" saw him developing a more distinctive style which was fully realized on his 1998 album \"Devil Without a Cause\"; this and his subsequent album \"Cocky\" were noted for blending elements of hip hop, country, rock and heavy metal.", "Kid Pix __knowledge__ Kid Pix is a bitmap drawing program aimed at children.", "Kid Pix __knowledge__ Originally created by Craig Hickman, it was first released for the Macintosh in 1989 and subsequently published in 1991 by Brøderbund.", "Kid Pix __knowledge__ Hickman was inspired to create Kid Pix after watching his son Ben struggle with MacPaint, and thus the main idea behind its development was to create a drawing program that would be very simple to use.", "Kid Pix __knowledge__ The product today retains much of the same principles as the original software created by Hickman in the late 1980s and early 1990s.", "Kid Pix __knowledge__ The latest Mac and Windows versions of the product were developed by the current owner and publisher of Kid Pix, Software MacKiev, who had been involved in development of the Macintosh version of Kid Pix Deluxe 3 and has been the sole developer of the Kid Pix series since the initial release of Kid Pix Deluxe 3X prior to acquiring the brand from Houghton Mifflin Harcourt in October 2011.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ Gag Concert () is a Korean sketch-comedy TV show on KBS 2TV network.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ It began airing in September 1999 and is the oldest of South Korea current comedy programs.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ The show is recorded on Wednesdays and airs on KBS 2TV on Sundays at 9:15 PM.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ The show airs with English subtitles after two weeks on KBS World TV on Saturdays at 6:00 PM.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ \"※ As of 7 January 2018\" \"(Korean: 아무말 대잔치, Starring: Jang Kiyeong, Park Yeongjin, Hong Hwon, Shin Jongryeong, Song Junseok)\" The contest that allows you to say anything.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ Contestants usually say the opposite of what one would expect them to say based on the context.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ \"(Korean: 명훈아 명훈아 명훈아, Starring: Jeong Myeonghun, Kim Minkyeong, Oh Nami, Lee Hyeonjeong)\" Three glamorous ladies try to entice Jeong Myeonghun with their charms.", "Kid Cudi __knowledge__ Scott Ramon Seguro Mescudi (born January 30, 1984), better known by his stage name Kid Cudi ( , often stylized KiD CuDi), is an American recording artist and actor from Cleveland, Ohio.", "Kid Cudi __knowledge__ Cudi first gained major recognition following the release of his first official full-length project, a mixtape titled \"A Kid Named Cudi\" (2008).", "Kid Cudi __knowledge__ The mixtape caught the attention of American rapper-producer Kanye West, who subsequently signed Cudi to his GOOD Music label imprint in late 2008.", "Kid Cudi __knowledge__ Cudi has since gone on to launch his own record label imprints, the now-dissolved Dream On and current independent label, Wicked Awesome Records.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ Fortune Records was an American family operated, independent record label located in Detroit, Michigan from 1946 to 1995.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ The label owners were Jack and Devora Brown, their son Sheldon Brown recorded for the label.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ Original releases tapered off after 1972 aside from a few albums in the mid-1980s.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ Fortune specialized in R&B, blues, soul and doo-wop music, although the label also released pop, big band, hillbilly, gospel, rock and roll, and polka records.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ Fortune released some doo-wop tunes by Nolan Strong & The Diablos, such as \"The Wind\" (Fortune 511, 1954), \"The Way You Dog Me Around\" (Fortune 518, 1955), and \"Mind Over Matter\" (Fortune 546, 1962).", "Dirawong __knowledge__ In Australian Aboriginal mythology of the Bundjalung Nation, the Dirawong, an unseen spiritual creature also known as the goanna spirit, is one of the Creator Beings of the Bundjalung Nation, that 1) Protects 2) Guards, 3) Battled the Rainbow Snake, and 4) Helps the people with; 'Aboriginal astronomy, body designs, bullroarers, bush cosmetics, bush foods, bush medicines, cave paintings and designs cut into trees, ceremonial headgear, ceremonial poles, cultural lore, dances, dreaming's, games, geographical locations, how people are required to behave in their communities, initiations, laws of community, paintings, rock art, rock engravings, rules for social behaviour, sacred chants, sacred earth mounds, sacred ground paintings, songlines, songs, stone artifacts, stone objects, stories, structures of society, symbols, technologies, the ceremonies performed in order to ensure continuity of life and land, values, wooden articles, wooden sacred objects, and also the beliefs, values, rules and practices concerning the peoples relationship to the land and water of Widje tribal territory within Bundjalung country.", "Fairy __knowledge__ A fairy (also \"fata\", \"fay\", \"fey\", \"fae\", \"fair folk\"; from \"faery\", \"faerie\", \"realm of the \"fays\"\") is a type of mythical being or legendary creature in European folklore, a form of spirit, often described as metaphysical, supernatural, or preternatural.", "Fairy __knowledge__ According to Thomas Keightley, the word \"fairy\" derives from the Latin \"fata\", and is from the Old French form \"faerie\", describing \"enchantment\".", "Fairy __knowledge__ Other forms are the Italian \"fata\", and the Provençal \"fada\".", "Fairy __knowledge__ In old French romance, \"fee\" was a woman skilled in magic, and who knew the power and virtue of words, of stones, and of herbs.", "Fairy __knowledge__ \"Faie\" became Modern English \"fay\".", "Traditional story __knowledge__ Traditional stories, or stories about traditions, differ from both fiction and nonfiction in that the importance of transmitting the story's worldview is generally understood to transcend an immediate need to establish its categorization as imaginary or factual.", "Traditional story __knowledge__ In the academic circles of literature, religion, history, and anthropology, categories of traditional story are important terminology to identify and interpret stories more precisely.", "Traditional story __knowledge__ Some stories belong in multiple categories and some stories do not fit into any category.", "Traditional story __knowledge__ An \"anecdote\" is a short and amusing or interesting story about a biographical incident.", "Elf __knowledge__ An elf (plural: \"elves\") is a type of human-shaped supernatural being in Germanic mythology and folklore.", "Elf __knowledge__ In medieval Germanic-speaking cultures, elves seem generally to have been thought of as beings with magical powers and supernatural beauty, ambivalent towards everyday people and capable of either helping or hindering them.", "Elf __knowledge__ However, the details of these beliefs have varied considerably over time and space, and have flourished in both pre-Christian and Christian cultures.", "Elf __knowledge__ The word \"elf\" is found throughout the Germanic languages and seems originally to have meant 'white being'.", "Elf __knowledge__ Reconstructing the early concept of an elf depends largely on texts, written by Christians, in Old and Middle English, medieval German, and Old Norse.", "The Malachite Box __knowledge__ The Malachite Box or The Malachite Casket () is a book of fairy tales and folk tales (also known as \"skaz\") of the Ural region of Siberia compiled by Pavel Bazhov and published from 1936 to 1945.", "The Malachite Box __knowledge__ It is written in contemporary language and blends elements of everyday life with fantastic characters.", "The Malachite Box __knowledge__ It was awarded the Stalin prize in 1942.", "The Malachite Box __knowledge__ Bazhov's stories are based on the oral lore of the miners and gold prospectors.", "The Malachite Box __knowledge__ The first edition of \"The Malachite Box\" was released on 28 January 1939.", "The Malachite Box __knowledge__ It consisted of 14 stories and an introduction, which contained some information about the life, industry and culture of the Urals and which the author tried to include into every edition of the collection.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ A mermaid is a legendary aquatic creature with the head and upper body of a female human and the tail of a fish.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ Mermaids appear in the folklore of many cultures worldwide, including the Near East, Europe, Africa and Asia.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ The first stories appeared in ancient Assyria, in which the goddess Atargatis transformed herself into a mermaid out of shame for accidentally killing her human lover.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ Mermaids are sometimes associated with perilous events such as floods, storms, shipwrecks and drownings.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ In other folk traditions (or sometimes within the same tradition), they can be benevolent or beneficent, bestowing boons or falling in love with humans." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Fairy tale __knowledge__ A fairy tale is a type of short story that typically features folkloric fantasy characters, such as dwarfs, dragons, elves, fairies, giants, gnomes, goblins, griffins, mermaids, talking animals, trolls, unicorns, or witches, and usually magic or enchantments.", "Fairy tale __knowledge__ Fairy tales may be distinguished from other folk narratives such as legends (which generally involve belief in the veracity of the events described) and explicitly moral tales, including beast fables.", "Fairy tale __knowledge__ The term is mainly used for stories with origins in European tradition and, at least in recent centuries, mostly relates to children's literature.", "Fairy tale __knowledge__ In less technical contexts, the term is also used to describe something blessed with unusual happiness, as in \"fairy tale ending\" (a happy ending) or \"fairy tale romance\".", "Fairy tale __knowledge__ Colloquially, a \"fairy tale\" or \"fairy story\" can also mean any far-fetched story or tall tale; it is used especially of any story that not only is not true, but could not possibly be true.", "Fairy tale __knowledge__ Legends are perceived as real; fairy tales may merge into legends, where the narrative is perceived both by teller and hearers as being grounded in historical truth.", "Fairy tale __knowledge__ However, unlike legends and epics, they usually do not contain more than superficial references to religion and actual places, people, and events; they take place once upon a time rather than in actual times.", "Red-tailed hawk __knowledge__ The red-tailed hawk (\"Buteo jamaicensis\") is a bird of prey that breeds throughout most of North America, from the interior of Alaska and northern Canada to as far south as Panama and the West Indies.", "Red-tailed hawk __knowledge__ It is one of the most common members within the genus of \"Buteo\" in North America or worldwide.", "Red-tailed hawk __knowledge__ The red-tailed hawk is one of three species colloquially known in the United States as the \"chickenhawk,\" though it rarely preys on standard-sized chickens.", "Red-tailed hawk __knowledge__ The bird is sometimes also referred to as the red-tail for short, when the meaning is clear in context.", "Red-tailed hawk __knowledge__ Red-tailed hawks can acclimate to all the biomes within their range, occurring on the edges of non-ideal habitats such as dense forests and sandy deserts.", "Dubbing (filmmaking) __knowledge__ Dubbing, mixing or re-recording is a post-production process used in filmmaking and video production in which additional or supplementary recordings are \"mixed\" with original production sound to create the finished soundtrack.", "Dubbing (filmmaking) __knowledge__ The process usually takes place on a dub stage.", "Dubbing (filmmaking) __knowledge__ After sound editors edit and prepare all the necessary tracks – dialogue, automated dialogue replacement (ADR), effects, Foley, music – the dubbing mixers proceed to balance all of the elements and record the finished soundtrack.", "Dubbing (filmmaking) __knowledge__ Dubbing is sometimes confused with ADR, also known as \"additional dialogue replacement\", \"automated dialogue recording\", and \"looping\", in which the original actors re-record and synchronize audio segments.", "California Trail __knowledge__ The California Trail was an emigrant trail of about across the western half of the North American continent from Missouri River towns to what is now the state of California.", "California Trail __knowledge__ After it was established, the first half of the California Trail followed the same corridor of networked river valley trails as the Oregon Trail and the Mormon Trail, namely the valleys of the Platte, North Platte and Sweetwater rivers to Wyoming.", "California Trail __knowledge__ In the present states of Wyoming, Idaho, and Utah, the California and Oregon trails split into several different trails or cutoffs.", "California Trail __knowledge__ By 1847, two former fur trading frontier forts marked trailheads for major alternative routes through Utah and Wyoming to Northern California.", "Prom __knowledge__ In the United States, a promenade dance, most commonly called a prom, is a semi-formal (black tie) dance or gathering of high school students.", "Prom __knowledge__ This event is typically held near the end of the senior year (the last year of high school).", "Prom __knowledge__ Proms figure greatly in popular culture and are major events among high school students.", "Prom __knowledge__ High school juniors attending the prom may call it \"junior prom\" while high-school seniors may call it \"senior prom\".", "Prom __knowledge__ In practice, this event may be a combined junior/senior dance.", "Prom __knowledge__ At a prom, a Prom King and Prom Queen may be revealed.", "Prom __knowledge__ These are honorary titles awarded to students elected in a school-wide vote prior to the prom, and seniors are usually awarded these titles.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ There are many varieties of criticism.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ This article describes common types that occur regularly in everyday life.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ For other criteria that classify criticisms, see this page.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ For more subject-specific information, see the pages on topics such as art, film, literature, theatre, or architecture.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ Aesthetic criticism is a part of aesthetics concerned with critically judging beauty and ugliness, tastefulness and tastelessness, style and fashion, meaning and quality of design—and issues of human sentiment and affect (the evoking of pleasure and pain, likes and dislikes).", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ Most parts of human life have an aesthetic dimension, which means there is plenty potential for criticism.", "Brown bear __knowledge__ The brown bear (\"Ursus arctos\") is the most widely distributed bear and is found across much of northern Eurasia and North America.", "Brown bear __knowledge__ It is one of the largest living terrestrial members of the order Carnivora, rivaled in body size only by its close cousin, the polar bear (\"Ursus maritimus\"), which is much less variable in size and slightly larger on average.", "Brown bear __knowledge__ The brown bear's principal range includes parts of Russia, Central Asia, China, Canada, the United States (mostly Alaska), Scandinavia, and the Carpathian region (especially Romania), Anatolia, and Caucasus.", "Brown bear __knowledge__ The brown bear is recognized as a national and state animal in several European countries.", "Eastern Orthodox Church __knowledge__ The Eastern Orthodox Church, also known as the Orthodox Church, or officially as the Orthodox Catholic Church, is the second-largest Christian Church, with over 250 million members.", "Eastern Orthodox Church __knowledge__ As one of the oldest religious institutions in the world, it has played a prominent role in the history and culture of Eastern Europe, Greece (including Anatolia), the Caucasus, and the Near East.", "Eastern Orthodox Church __knowledge__ A communion of autocephalous churches (″jurisdictions″, or national churches), each typically governed by its own Holy Synod, its bishops are equal by virtue of ordination, with doctrines summarised in the Nicene Creed.", "Eastern Orthodox Church __knowledge__ The Church has no central doctrinal or governance authority analogous to the Roman Catholic Church's pope; however, the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople is recognised by all as primus inter pares of the bishops, and the Church of Constantinople, since the Great Schism of 1054, enjoys precedence and certain prerogatives.", "The Spiderwick Chronicles __knowledge__ The Spiderwick Chronicles is a series of children's books by Tony DiTerlizzi and Holly Black.", "The Spiderwick Chronicles __knowledge__ They chronicle the adventures of the Grace children, twins Simon and Jared and their older sister Mallory, after they move into the Spiderwick Estate and discover a world of fairies that they never knew existed.", "The Spiderwick Chronicles __knowledge__ The first book, \"The Field Guide\", was published in 2003 and then followed by \"The Seeing Stone \"(2003), \"Lucinda's Secret \"(2003), \"The Ironwood Tree \"(2004), and \"The Wrath of Mulgarath \"(2004).", "The Spiderwick Chronicles __knowledge__ Several companion books have been published including \"Arthur Spiderwick's Field Guide to the Fantastical World Around You \"(2005), \"Notebook for Fantastical Observations \"(2005), and \"Care and Feeding of Sprites\" (2006).", "Philippine mythical creatures __knowledge__ Philippine folklore, unlike Greek, Norse or Egyptian mythologies, has not been organized into a formal pantheon, does not generally contain long epics, nor has it been relegated to history.", "Philippine mythical creatures __knowledge__ To this day, Philippine myths still have an active role in the lives of rural Filipinos.", "Philippine mythical creatures __knowledge__ The countless myths circulating throughout the Filipino countryside contain a large variety of mythical creatures.", "Philippine mythical creatures __knowledge__ Although there is no scientific evidence for any of these creatures, there is also no shortage in the rural parts of the Philippines of people who believe firmly in their existence.", "Philippine mythical creatures __knowledge__ This discrepancy is sometimes rationalized by the explanation that only pure and good mortals are able to see these creatures.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ A mermaid is a legendary aquatic creature with the head and upper body of a female human and the tail of a fish.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ Mermaids appear in the folklore of many cultures worldwide, including the Near East, Europe, Africa and Asia.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ The first stories appeared in ancient Assyria, in which the goddess Atargatis transformed herself into a mermaid out of shame for accidentally killing her human lover.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ Mermaids are sometimes associated with perilous events such as floods, storms, shipwrecks and drownings.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ In other folk traditions (or sometimes within the same tradition), they can be benevolent or beneficent, bestowing boons or falling in love with humans.", "Orc (Middle-earth) __knowledge__ In J. R. R. Tolkien's fantasy writings, Orcs are a race of creatures who are used as soldiers and henchmen by both the greater and lesser villains of \"The Silmarillion\", \"The Hobbit\" and \"The Lord of the Rings\"—Morgoth, Sauron and Saruman.", "Orc (Middle-earth) __knowledge__ Although not entirely dim-witted and occasionally crafty, they are portrayed as miserable beings, hating everyone including themselves and their masters, whom they serve out of fear.", "Orc (Middle-earth) __knowledge__ They make no beautiful things, but rather design cunning devices made to hurt and destroy.", "Orc (Middle-earth) __knowledge__ In some of his unpublished early work, Tolkien appears to distinguish orcs from goblins.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Yea ( ) is a town in Victoria, Australia north-east of Melbourne at the junction of the Goulburn Valley Highway and the Melba Highway, in the Shire of Murrindindi local government area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ In an area originally inhabited by the Taungurong people, it was first visited by Europeans of the Hume and Hovell expedition in 1824, and within 15 years most of the land in the area had been taken up by graziers.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Surveyed in 1855, the township grew as a service centre for grazing, gold-mining and timber-getting in the area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ The town has had a fairly stable population (around 1,100) since 1900, though it now has a relatively old population.", "Magical creatures in Harry Potter __knowledge__ Magical creatures are a colourful aspect of the fictional wizarding world contained in the \"Harry Potter\" series by J. K. Rowling.", "Magical creatures in Harry Potter __knowledge__ Throughout the seven books of the series, Harry and his friends come across many of these creatures on their adventures, as well as in the Care of Magical Creatures class at Hogwarts.", "Magical creatures in Harry Potter __knowledge__ Rowling has also written \"Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them\", a guide to the magical beasts found in the series.", "Magical creatures in Harry Potter __knowledge__ Many of these are derived from folklore, primarily Greek mythology, but also British and Scandinavian folklore.", "Magical creatures in Harry Potter __knowledge__ Many of the legends surrounding mythical creatures are also incorporated in the books.", "Races and factions of Warcraft __knowledge__ The fantasy setting of the \"Warcraft\" series includes many fictional races and factions.", "Races and factions of Warcraft __knowledge__ Most of the primary protagonists of the series belong to either the Horde or the Alliance.", "Races and factions of Warcraft __knowledge__ However, there are a variety of neutral races and factions, who are either friendly or hostile to both the Horde and the Alliance.", "Races and factions of Warcraft __knowledge__ All player characters belong to either the Horde or the Alliance, with a character's faction decided by its race.", "Races and factions of Warcraft __knowledge__ One exception is the pandaren, who can choose to become members of either faction.", "Races and factions of Warcraft __knowledge__ By the time of \"\" the Horde and the Alliance both fight against the Burning Legion and the undead Scourge, who are the primary villains of \"Warcraft III\" and \"World of Warcraft\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Fairy tale __knowledge__ A fairy tale is a type of short story that typically features folkloric fantasy characters, such as dwarfs, dragons, elves, fairies, giants, gnomes, goblins, griffins, mermaids, talking animals, trolls, unicorns, or witches, and usually magic or enchantments.", "Fairy tale __knowledge__ Fairy tales may be distinguished from other folk narratives such as legends (which generally involve belief in the veracity of the events described) and explicitly moral tales, including beast fables.", "Fairy tale __knowledge__ The term is mainly used for stories with origins in European tradition and, at least in recent centuries, mostly relates to children's literature.", "Fairy tale __knowledge__ In less technical contexts, the term is also used to describe something blessed with unusual happiness, as in \"fairy tale ending\" (a happy ending) or \"fairy tale romance\".", "Fairy tale __knowledge__ Colloquially, a \"fairy tale\" or \"fairy story\" can also mean any far-fetched story or tall tale; it is used especially of any story that not only is not true, but could not possibly be true.", "Fairy tale __knowledge__ Legends are perceived as real; fairy tales may merge into legends, where the narrative is perceived both by teller and hearers as being grounded in historical truth.", "Fairy tale __knowledge__ However, unlike legends and epics, they usually do not contain more than superficial references to religion and actual places, people, and events; they take place once upon a time rather than in actual times.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ is a song by American singer Usher.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ He co-wrote the song with Sean Garrett, Patrick J. Que Smith, Robert McDowell, LRoc, Ludacris, Da'Ron, and Lil Jon.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ It also features guest vocals from Lil Jon and Ludacris, with the former also producing the song as well as incorporating crunk and R&B—which he coined as crunk&B—in the song's production.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was released as the lead single from Usher's fourth studio album \"Confessions\" (2004) on January 27, 2004, after Usher was told by Arista Records, his label at the time, to record more tracks for the album.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ topped the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart for 12 consecutive weeks, before being dethroned by Usher's follow-up single \"Burn\".", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ TRL's Number Ones is the collection of music videos that had reached the number-one spot on the daily music video countdown show \"Total Request Live\" which aired on MTV from 1998 to 2008.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ Usually the same video will stay on the number-one spot for a series of weeks but after a certain period it will be retired or honorably discharged from the countdown and be put into the hall of fame.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ The music video is usually determined various ways such as voting online on MTV.com, the \"Billboard\" charts, ratings on the radio and downloads over the internet.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ January 2: \"Lose Yourself\" - Eminem January 3: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 6: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 7: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 8: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 9: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 10: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 13: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 14: \"All I Have\" - Jennifer Lopez featuring LL Cool J January 15: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 16: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 17: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 22: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 23: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 24: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 28: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 29: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 30: \"Bump, Bump, Bump\" - B2K featuring P. Diddy January 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 3: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 4: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 7: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 10: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 11: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 12: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 14: Valentine's Day Special #1 Video: \"Why I Love You\" - B2K February 17: TRL Awards #1 Video: \"Larger Than Life\" - Backstreet Boys February 18: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 19: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 20: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 21: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 24: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 25: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 26: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake February 27: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 28: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 3: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 4: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 7: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 10: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 11: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 12: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 14: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 17: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 18: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 19: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 20: Coverage on the war in Iraq March 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 24: \"The Hell Song\" - Sum 41 March 25: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 26: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 1: \"Girlfriend\" - B2K April 2: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 3: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 4: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 7: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 8: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 9: \"Addicted\" - Simple Plan April 10: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 11: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 15: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 16: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 17: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 18: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 22: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 23: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 24: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 25: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 28: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 29: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 30: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 1: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 2: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 5: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 6: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 7: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 8: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 9: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 12: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 13: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 15: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 16: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 19: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 20: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 22: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 26: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 27: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 28: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 29: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 30: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 2: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 3: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 4: \"Rock Wit U\" - Ashanti June 5: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 9: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 10: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 11: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 12: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 16: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 17: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 18: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 19: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 23: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 24: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 25: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 26: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 30: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 1: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 2: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 3: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 7: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 8: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 9: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 10: Dynamic Duos #1 Video: \"Girlfriend ( Remix )\"- 'N Sync featuring Nelly July 11: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 14: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 15: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 16: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 17: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 18: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 21: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 22: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 23: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 24: Funniest Video #1 Video: \"Without Me\" - Eminem July 25: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 28: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 29: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 30: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 31: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 1: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 4: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 5: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 6: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 7: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 8: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 11: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 12: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 13: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 14: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 15: August 18: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 19: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 20: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 21: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 26: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 27: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy August 28: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 29: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 2: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 3: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 4: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 5: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 8: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 9: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 10: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 11: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 12: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 15: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 17: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 18: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 19: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 23: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 24: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 25: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 26: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 29: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 30: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 1: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 2: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 3: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell October 6: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 7: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul October 8: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 9: \"Perfect\" - Simple Plan October 10: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 14: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 15: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 17: \"Trouble\" - P!nk October 18: \"Trouble\" - Pink October 21: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 23: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 27: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 28: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 29: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 30: \"Will You\" - P. O. D. October 31: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 3: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 4: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 5: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 6: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 7: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 11: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 12: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 13: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 14: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 17: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 18: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 19: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 20: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 24: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 25: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 1: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 2: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 3: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 4: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 5: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 8: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 11: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 16: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 17: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 18: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 19: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 22: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 23: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 29: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit December 30: Song Of The Year: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 5: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 6: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 7: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 8: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 13: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 14: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 16: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 19: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 21: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 22: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 26: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 27: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 28: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 29: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 30: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring Jason Weaver February 2: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 9: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 10: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 11: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 12: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 13: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte February 16: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 17: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 18: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 19: \"Sorry 2004\" - Ruben Studdard February 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 23: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 24: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 25: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon February 27: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 2: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 3: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 4: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 5: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 8: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears March 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 10: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 11: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 15: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 16: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 17: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 18: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 22: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 23: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 24: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 25: \"My Band\" - D12 March 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 29: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 30: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 31: \"My Band\" - D12 April 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 5: \"Naughty Girl\" - Beyoncé April 6: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 7: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 8: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 13: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 14: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 15: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 16: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 19: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 20: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 21: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 22: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 23: \"My Band\" - D12 April 26: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 27: \"My Band\" - D12 April 28: \"My Band\" - D12 April 29: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears May 3: \"My Band\" - D12 May 4: \"My Band\" - D12 May 5: \"My Band\" - D12 May 6: \"My Band\" - D12 May 7: \"My Band\" - D12 May 10: \"My Band\" - D12 May 11: \"My Band\" - D12 May 17: \"My Band\" - D12 May 18: \"Burn\" - Usher May 19: \"Burn\" - Usher May 20: \"Burn\" - Usher May 21: \"Burn\" - Usher May 24: \"My Band\" - D12 May 25: \"Burn\" - Usher May 26: \"Burn\" - Usher May 27: \"My Band\" - D12 May 28: \"My Band\" - D12 May 31: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 1: \"Burn\" - Usher June 2: \"Burn\" - Usher June 3: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 4: \"My Band\" - D12 June 7: \"My Band\" - D12 June 8: \"Burn\" - Usher June 9: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 10: Cross Country Countdown #1 Video: \"Forgot About Dre\" - Dr. Dre featuring Eminem June 11: \"Burn\" - Usher June 14: \"Burn\" - Usher June 15: \"How Come\" - D12 June 16: \"How Come\" - D12 June 17: \"How Come\" - D12 June 18: \"How Come\" - D12 June 21: \"How Come\" - D12 June 22: \"How Come\" - D12 June 23: \"Leave (Get Out)\" - JoJo June 24: \"How Come\" - D12 June 25: \"How Come\" - D12 June 28: \"Leave ( Get Out )\" - JoJo June 29: \"How Come\" - D12 June 30: \"Confessions Pt.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ Yeah Yeah Yeahs is an American indie rock band formed in New York City in 2000.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ The group is composed of vocalist and pianist Karen O, guitarist and keyboardist Nick Zinner, and drummer Brian Chase.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ They are complemented in live performances by second guitarist David Pajo, who joined as a touring member in 2009 and replaced Imaad Wasif who had previously held this role.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ According to an interview that aired during the ABC network's \"Live from Central Park SummerStage\" series, the band's name was taken from modern New York City vernacular.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ The band has recorded four studio albums; the first, \"Fever to Tell\", was released in 2003.", "Stella (album) __knowledge__ Stella is the fourth studio album by the Swiss electronic band Yello, first released in Germany, Switzerland and Austria on 29 January 1985, and in the UK and US in March 1985.", "Stella (album) __knowledge__ It was the first album made by the band without founder member Carlos Perón, and with his departure the remaining duo of Boris Blank and Dieter Meier began to move away from experimental electronic sounds towards a more commercial synthpop and cinematic soundtrack style.", "Stella (album) __knowledge__ As well as becoming the first album ever by a Swiss group to top the Swiss album chart, it was the band's breakthrough album internationally, helped by the success of the song \"Oh Yeah\", which gained the band worldwide attention the following year after it was prominently featured in the 1986 film \"Ferris Bueller's Day Off\" and then a year later in \"The Secret of My Success\".", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ (Death Metal Symphony in Deep C) is the sixth studio album by Waltari that combines death metal with classical music.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Originally, \"Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!\"", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ was written as a stage show.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ After the show's premiere performance in 1995 at the Helsinki Music Festival, it was recorded and finally released in May 1996.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ \"Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!\"", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ was written by Kärtsy Hatakka between 1992 and 1995.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ By the end of 1994, Hatakka got in contact with Riku Niemi, a Finnish conductor, composer and leader of Avanti!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ symphony orchestra.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ After Niemi became involved in the project, Hatakka finalized the work and Niemi arranged it for symphony orchestra.", "Traditional story __knowledge__ Traditional stories, or stories about traditions, differ from both fiction and nonfiction in that the importance of transmitting the story's worldview is generally understood to transcend an immediate need to establish its categorization as imaginary or factual.", "Traditional story __knowledge__ In the academic circles of literature, religion, history, and anthropology, categories of traditional story are important terminology to identify and interpret stories more precisely.", "Traditional story __knowledge__ Some stories belong in multiple categories and some stories do not fit into any category.", "Traditional story __knowledge__ An \"anecdote\" is a short and amusing or interesting story about a biographical incident.", "Joseph Jacobs __knowledge__ Joseph Jacobs (29 August 1854 – 30 January 1916) was an Australian folklorist, translator, literary critic, social scientist, historian and writer of English literature who became a notable collector and publisher of English folklore.", "Joseph Jacobs __knowledge__ His work went on to popularize some of the world's best known versions of English fairy tales including \"Jack and the Beanstalk\", \"Goldilocks and the three bears\", \"The Three Little Pigs\", \"Jack the Giant Killer\" and \"The History of Tom Thumb\".", "Joseph Jacobs __knowledge__ He published his English fairy tale collections: \"English Fairy Tales\" in 1890 and \"More English Fairy Tales\" in 1893 but also went on after and in between both books to publish fairy tales collected from continental Europe as well as Jewish, Celtic and Indian fairytales which made him one of the most popular writers of fairytales for the English language.", "Giovanni Francesco Straparola __knowledge__ Giovanni Francesco \"Gianfrancesco\" Straparola, also known as Zoan or Zuan Francesco Straparola da Caravaggio (ca.", "Giovanni Francesco Straparola __knowledge__ 1485?-1558) was a writer of poetry, and collector and writer of short stories.", "Giovanni Francesco Straparola __knowledge__ Some time during his life, he migrated from Caravaggio to Venice where he published a collection of stories in two volumes called \"The Facetious Nights\" or \"The Pleasant Nights\".", "Giovanni Francesco Straparola __knowledge__ This collection includes some of the first known printed versions of fairy tales in Europe, as they are known today.", "Giovanni Francesco Straparola __knowledge__ LIFE Not much is known of Straparola's life save for a few facts regarding his published works.", "Giovanni Francesco Straparola __knowledge__ He was likely born some time around 1485 in Caravaggio, Italy (on the Lombard plain east of Milan).", "John Bauer (illustrator) __knowledge__ John Albert Bauer (4 June 1882 – 20 November 1918) was a Swedish painter and illustrator.", "John Bauer (illustrator) __knowledge__ His work is concerned with landscape and mythology, but he also composed portraits.", "John Bauer (illustrator) __knowledge__ He is best known for his illustrations of early editions of \"Bland tomtar och troll\" (Among Gnomes and Trolls), an anthology of Swedish folklore and fairy tales.", "John Bauer (illustrator) __knowledge__ Bauer was born and raised in Jönköping.", "John Bauer (illustrator) __knowledge__ At 16 he moved to Stockholm to study at the Royal Swedish Academy of Arts.", "John Bauer (illustrator) __knowledge__ While there he received his first commissions to illustrate stories in books and magazines, and met the artist Ester Ellqvist, whom he married in 1906.", "The Tinderbox __knowledge__ \"The Tinderbox\" () is a literary fairy tale by Hans Christian Andersen about a soldier who acquires a magic tinderbox capable of summoning three powerful dogs to do his bidding.", "The Tinderbox __knowledge__ When the soldier has one of the dogs transport a sleeping princess to his room, he is sentenced to death but cunningly summons the dogs to save his life.", "The Tinderbox __knowledge__ In the Aarne-Thompson tale index, The Tinderbox is type 562: The Spirit in the Blue Light.", "The Tinderbox __knowledge__ Other tales of this type include \"The Three Dogs\" and \"The Blue Light\".", "The Tinderbox __knowledge__ The tale has its source in a Scandinavian folk tale Andersen learned in his childhood, but similarities with \"Aladdin and the Wonderful Lamp\" and other tales have been noted.", "Frozen (2013 film) __knowledge__ Frozen is a 2013 American 3D computer-animated musical fantasy film produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures.", "Frozen (2013 film) __knowledge__ The 53rd Disney animated feature film, the film is inspired by Hans Christian Andersen's fairy tale \"The Snow Queen\".", "Frozen (2013 film) __knowledge__ It tells the story of a fearless princess who sets off on a journey alongside a rugged iceman, his loyal reindeer, and a naïve snowman to find her estranged sister, whose icy powers have inadvertently trapped their kingdom in eternal winter.", "Frozen (2013 film) __knowledge__ \"Frozen\" underwent several story treatments for years before being commissioned in 2011, with a screenplay written by Jennifer Lee, who also co-directed with Chris Buck." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 3 ]

[ "a fairy tale is a story about mythical beings and such, common in folklore", "yea they have all sort of creatures like goblins and mermaids", "i love the fairy tales with griffins and trolls and stuff", "the term is mainly used for european stories" ]

[ "Fairy tale", "Fairy tale", "Fairy tale", "Fairy tale" ]

[ "The Hershey Company\nI love chocolate, especially stuff made by the Hershey Company!", "Is that a factory tour of Hershey's?", "Who invented the Hershey Company?", "Where did he get the idea to make chocolate?", "When did he found the Hershey Company?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ The Hershey Company, known until April 2005 as the Hershey Foods Corporation and commonly called Hershey's, is an American company and one of the largest chocolate manufacturers in the world.", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ Its headquarters are in Hershey, Pennsylvania, which is also home to Hershey's Chocolate World.", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ It was founded by Milton S. Hershey in 1894 as the Hershey Chocolate Company, a subsidiary of his Lancaster Caramel Company.", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ Hershey's chocolate is available across the United States, due to their wide network of distribution.", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ They have three mega distribution centers, with modern technology and labor management systems.", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ Hershey's products are sold in over 60 countries worldwide.", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ In addition, Hershey is a member of the World Cocoa Foundation.", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ It is also associated with the Hersheypark Stadium and the Giant Center.", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ After an apprenticeship to a confectioner in 1873, Milton S. Hershey founded a candy shop in Philadelphia.", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ This candy shop was only open for six years, after which Hershey apprenticed with another confectioner in Denver, where he learned to make caramel.", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ After another failed business attempt in New York, Hershey returned to Pennsylvania, where in 1886 he founded the Lancaster Caramel Company.", "Hershey Creamery Company __knowledge__ Hershey Creamery Company, also known as Hershey's Ice Cream, is a creamery that produces Hershey's brand ice cream, sorbet, sherbet, and frozen yogurt, and other frozen treats such as smoothies and frozen slab style ice cream mixers.", "Hershey Creamery Company __knowledge__ Founded by Jacob Hershey and four of his brothers in 1894 (all of whom have no relation to Milton S. Hershey and the chocolate company that he founded, also in 1894), it was taken over by the Holder family in the 1920s.", "Hershey Creamery Company __knowledge__ The company was one of the first to offer consumers pre-packaged ice cream pints.", "Hershey Creamery Company __knowledge__ In 1998, it modernized its operations to increase efficiency and reduce overhead.", "Milton S. Hershey __knowledge__ Milton Snavely Hershey (September 13, 1857 – October 13, 1945) was an American confectioner and philanthropist.", "Milton S. Hershey __knowledge__ He founded the Hershey Chocolate Company and the \"company town\" of Hershey, Pennsylvania, eventually becoming a great success.", "Milton S. Hershey __knowledge__ As he and his wife had no children, they turned to philanthropy.", "Milton S. Hershey __knowledge__ He was honored by the United States Postal Service with the issue on September 13, 1995 of a 32¢ Great Americans series (1980–2000) definitive postage stamp (Scott #2933).", "Milton S. Hershey __knowledge__ Milton Hershey was born on September 13, 1857 to Henry and Veronica \"Fanny\" Snavely Hershey.", "Milton S. Hershey __knowledge__ Born the son of a Christian father, his family were members of Pennsylvania's Mennonite community.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Chocolate is a typically sweet, usually brown food preparation of \"Theobroma cacao\" seeds, roasted and ground.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ It is made in the form of a liquid, paste, or in a block, or used as a flavoring ingredient in other foods.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Cacao has been cultivated by many cultures for at least three millennia in Mesoamerica.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The earliest evidence of use traces to the Olmecs (Mexico), with evidence of chocolate beverages dating back to 1900 BCE.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ In fact, the majority of Mesoamerican people made chocolate beverages, including the Maya and Aztecs, who made it into a beverage known as \"xocolātl\" , a Nahuatl word meaning \"bitter water\".", "Kit Kat __knowledge__ Kit Kat is a chocolate-covered wafer bar confection created by Rowntree's of York, United Kingdom, and is now produced globally by Nestlé, which acquired Rowntree in 1988, with the exception of the United States where it is made under license by H.B.", "Kit Kat __knowledge__ Reese Candy Company, a division of The Hershey Company.", "Kit Kat __knowledge__ The standard bars consist of two or four fingers composed of three layers of wafer, separated and covered by an outer layer of chocolate.", "Kit Kat __knowledge__ Each finger can be snapped from the bar separately.", "Kit Kat __knowledge__ There are many different flavours of Kit Kat, including milk, white, and dark chocolate.", "Kit Kat __knowledge__ Use of the name Kit Kat or Kit Cat for a type of food goes back to the 18th century, when mutton pies known as a Kit-Kat were served at meetings of the political Kit-Cat Club in London owned by pastry chef Christopher Catling.", "Hershey's Chocolate World __knowledge__ Hershey’s Chocolate World is the name of eight visitor centers that started in Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States.", "Hershey's Chocolate World __knowledge__ Open year-round, Hershey's Chocolate World offers marketplace shops and restaurants, specializing in Hershey's chocolate products.", "Hershey's Chocolate World __knowledge__ Attractions include Hershey's Great Chocolate Factory Mystery in 4D, the Hershey Trolley Works, Wrap Happiness, and a free Chocolate Tour ride.", "Hershey's Chocolate World __knowledge__ The first Hershey's Chocolate World is located off of Hersheypark Drive, in Hershey, Pennsylvania, and is in an entertainment complex that also includes Hersheypark, Hersheypark Stadium, Hersheypark Arena, Hershey Museum, and Giant Center.", "United States military chocolate __knowledge__ Military chocolate has been a part of standard United States military ration since the original Ration D or D ration bar of 1937.", "United States military chocolate __knowledge__ Today, military chocolate is issued to troops as part of basic field rations and sundry packs.", "United States military chocolate __knowledge__ Chocolate rations served two purposes: as a morale boost, and as a high-energy, pocket-sized emergency ration.", "United States military chocolate __knowledge__ Military chocolate rations are often made in special lots to military specifications for weight, size, and endurance.", "United States military chocolate __knowledge__ The majority of chocolate issued to military personnel is produced by the Hershey Company.", "United States military chocolate __knowledge__ When provided as a morale boost or care package, military chocolate is often no different from normal store-bought bars in taste and composition." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ The Hershey Company, known until April 2005 as the Hershey Foods Corporation and commonly called Hershey's, is an American company and one of the largest chocolate manufacturers in the world.", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ Its headquarters are in Hershey, Pennsylvania, which is also home to Hershey's Chocolate World.", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ It was founded by Milton S. Hershey in 1894 as the Hershey Chocolate Company, a subsidiary of his Lancaster Caramel Company.", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ Hershey's chocolate is available across the United States, due to their wide network of distribution.", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ They have three mega distribution centers, with modern technology and labor management systems.", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ Hershey's products are sold in over 60 countries worldwide.", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ In addition, Hershey is a member of the World Cocoa Foundation.", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ It is also associated with the Hersheypark Stadium and the Giant Center.", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ After an apprenticeship to a confectioner in 1873, Milton S. Hershey founded a candy shop in Philadelphia.", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ This candy shop was only open for six years, after which Hershey apprenticed with another confectioner in Denver, where he learned to make caramel.", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ After another failed business attempt in New York, Hershey returned to Pennsylvania, where in 1886 he founded the Lancaster Caramel Company.", "Cadbury World __knowledge__ Cadbury World is a visitor attraction, featuring a self-guided exhibition tour, created and run by the Cadbury chocolate company.", "Cadbury World __knowledge__ Two locations exist: Birmingham, United Kingdom; and Dunedin, New Zealand.", "Cadbury World __knowledge__ Cadbury World was opened on 14 August 1990 by Morgan Anderson on Cadbury's Bournville manufacturing site, and has expanded and developed its content through 'continuous improvement'.", "Cadbury World __knowledge__ Cadbury World has gone on to become one of Birmingham's largest leisure attractions - welcoming over 500,000 visitors each year, and delivering a respected education programme (linking back directly to the educational advancements and interests of the company's original founding fathers).", "Pennsylvania chocolate workers' strike, 1937 __knowledge__ Hershey, Pennsylvania witnessed a six-day sit-down strike of workers at the Hershey Chocolate Corporation in 1937.", "Pennsylvania chocolate workers' strike, 1937 __knowledge__ The strike ended in violence, as dairy workers and loyal Hershey employees stormed the factory to force out strikers.", "Pennsylvania chocolate workers' strike, 1937 __knowledge__ Eventually, Hershey Corporation workers signed an agreement with the American Federation of Labor through the Bakery and Confectionery International Union, becoming one of the first American candy companies to unionize.", "Pennsylvania chocolate workers' strike, 1937 __knowledge__ Founded in 1894 by Milton Hershey, the Hershey Chocolate Corporation became one of the richest candy companies in existence.", "Pennsylvania chocolate workers' strike, 1937 __knowledge__ In its first three decades, Hershey, Pennsylvania was an idyllic company town that thrived no matter what was going on in the rest of the country.", "Milton S. Hershey __knowledge__ Milton Snavely Hershey (September 13, 1857 – October 13, 1945) was an American confectioner and philanthropist.", "Milton S. Hershey __knowledge__ He founded the Hershey Chocolate Company and the \"company town\" of Hershey, Pennsylvania, eventually becoming a great success.", "Milton S. Hershey __knowledge__ As he and his wife had no children, they turned to philanthropy.", "Milton S. Hershey __knowledge__ He was honored by the United States Postal Service with the issue on September 13, 1995 of a 32¢ Great Americans series (1980–2000) definitive postage stamp (Scott #2933).", "Milton S. Hershey __knowledge__ Milton Hershey was born on September 13, 1857 to Henry and Veronica \"Fanny\" Snavely Hershey.", "Milton S. Hershey __knowledge__ Born the son of a Christian father, his family were members of Pennsylvania's Mennonite community.", "2012–13 Hershey Bears season __knowledge__ The 2012–13 Hershey Bears season was the franchise's 75th season in the American Hockey League, starting on October 13, 2012, and ending on May 8, 2013, when they were eliminated during the first round of the Calder Cup playoffs.", "2012–13 Hershey Bears season __knowledge__ Due to the 2012–13 National Hockey League lockout, Washington Capitals coach Adam Oates served as co-coach of the Bears alongside head coach Mark French until November.", "2012–13 Hershey Bears season __knowledge__ Several Washington players also played with the Bears for a time, including defenseman Dmitry Orlov and goaltender Braden Holtby, who recorded four season shutouts.", "2012–13 Hershey Bears season __knowledge__ The Bears experienced major offensive problems at the start of the season, resulting in the team's worst 17-game start in eight years.", "Hershey Bears __knowledge__ The Hershey Bears are an American professional ice hockey team based in Hershey, Pennsylvania.", "Hershey Bears __knowledge__ The current Bears club has played in the American Hockey League since the 1938-39 season making it the longest continuously operating member club of the league still playing in its original city.", "Hershey Bears __knowledge__ The Bears currently serve as the primary development club for the NHL's Washington Capitals and have been since the 2005-06 season.", "Hershey Bears __knowledge__ Since the 2002–03 season the hockey club's home games have been played at Giant Center, located less than half a mile west of Hersheypark Arena, the AHL club's previous home from 1938 to 2002.", "History of Hersheypark __knowledge__ The history of Hersheypark begins with the founding of the town of Hershey in 1903.", "History of Hersheypark __knowledge__ The owner of the Hershey Chocolate Company surveyed a nearby area of land, which was to become a leisure park for the employees of his chocolate company.", "History of Hersheypark __knowledge__ People began visiting the grounds of the future park in 1904 and 1905, while the park's first pavilion was built in the fall of 1905.", "History of Hersheypark __knowledge__ The park was formally opened on May 30, 1906, when the park opened as Hershey Park.", "History of Hersheypark __knowledge__ The park slowly added rides until 1923, when the first roller coaster, Wild Cat, was built.", "History of Hersheypark __knowledge__ From then on, rides were regularly added, except during World War II.", "Hershey's Chocolate World __knowledge__ Hershey’s Chocolate World is the name of eight visitor centers that started in Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States.", "Hershey's Chocolate World __knowledge__ Open year-round, Hershey's Chocolate World offers marketplace shops and restaurants, specializing in Hershey's chocolate products.", "Hershey's Chocolate World __knowledge__ Attractions include Hershey's Great Chocolate Factory Mystery in 4D, the Hershey Trolley Works, Wrap Happiness, and a free Chocolate Tour ride.", "Hershey's Chocolate World __knowledge__ The first Hershey's Chocolate World is located off of Hersheypark Drive, in Hershey, Pennsylvania, and is in an entertainment complex that also includes Hersheypark, Hersheypark Stadium, Hersheypark Arena, Hershey Museum, and Giant Center.", "Hersheypark __knowledge__ Hersheypark (known as Hershey Park until 1970) is a family theme park situated in Hershey, Derry Township, Pennsylvania, United States, about east of Harrisburg, and west of Philadelphia.", "Hersheypark __knowledge__ Founded in 1906 by Milton S. Hershey, as a leisure park for the employees of the Hershey Chocolate Company, the park is wholly and privately owned by Hershey Entertainment & Resorts Company .", "Hersheypark __knowledge__ The park has won several awards, including the IAAPA Applause Award.", "Hersheypark __knowledge__ The park opened its first roller coaster in 1923, the Wild Cat, an early Philadelphia Toboggan Company coaster.", "Hersheypark __knowledge__ In 1970, it began redevelopment plan, which led to new rides, an expansion of the park, and the park's renaming.", "Hershey, Pennsylvania __knowledge__ Hershey is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Derry Township, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, United States.", "Hershey, Pennsylvania __knowledge__ Hershey's chocolates are made in Hershey, which was founded by candy magnate Milton S. Hershey.", "Hershey, Pennsylvania __knowledge__ The community is located east of Harrisburg and is part of the Harrisburg−Carlisle Metropolitan Statistical Area.", "Hershey, Pennsylvania __knowledge__ Hershey has no legal status as an incorporated municipality, and all its municipal services are provided by Derry Township.", "Hershey, Pennsylvania __knowledge__ The population was 14,257 at the 2010 census.", "Hershey, Pennsylvania __knowledge__ It is popularly called \"Chocolatetown, USA\".", "Hershey, Pennsylvania __knowledge__ Hershey is also referred to as \"The Sweetest Place on Earth\".", "Pennsylvania Route 39 __knowledge__ Pennsylvania Route 39 (PA 39) is a state highway located in Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, United States.", "Pennsylvania Route 39 __knowledge__ PA 39 begins at North Front Street near Harrisburg and ends at U.S. Route 322 and U.S. Route 422 near Hummelstown and Hershey.", "Pennsylvania Route 39 __knowledge__ The route passes through the northern and eastern suburbs of Harrisburg and passes by Hersheypark, Giant Center, as well as the primary production factory for The Hershey Company.", "Pennsylvania Route 39 __knowledge__ Between Harrisburg and Manada Hill, it is known as Linglestown Road, from Manada Hill to Hershey as Hershey Road and from Hershey to near Hummelstown and Hershey as Hersheypark Drive.", "Pennsylvania Route 39 __knowledge__ Prior to the establishment of PA 39 in 1937, PA 39, had previously been designated as a route in northeastern Pennsylvania during the 1920s." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ The Hershey Company, known until April 2005 as the Hershey Foods Corporation and commonly called Hershey's, is an American company and one of the largest chocolate manufacturers in the world.", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ Its headquarters are in Hershey, Pennsylvania, which is also home to Hershey's Chocolate World.", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ It was founded by Milton S. Hershey in 1894 as the Hershey Chocolate Company, a subsidiary of his Lancaster Caramel Company.", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ Hershey's chocolate is available across the United States, due to their wide network of distribution.", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ They have three mega distribution centers, with modern technology and labor management systems.", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ Hershey's products are sold in over 60 countries worldwide.", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ In addition, Hershey is a member of the World Cocoa Foundation.", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ It is also associated with the Hersheypark Stadium and the Giant Center.", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ After an apprenticeship to a confectioner in 1873, Milton S. Hershey founded a candy shop in Philadelphia.", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ This candy shop was only open for six years, after which Hershey apprenticed with another confectioner in Denver, where he learned to make caramel.", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ After another failed business attempt in New York, Hershey returned to Pennsylvania, where in 1886 he founded the Lancaster Caramel Company.", "Hershey Creamery Company __knowledge__ Hershey Creamery Company, also known as Hershey's Ice Cream, is a creamery that produces Hershey's brand ice cream, sorbet, sherbet, and frozen yogurt, and other frozen treats such as smoothies and frozen slab style ice cream mixers.", "Hershey Creamery Company __knowledge__ Founded by Jacob Hershey and four of his brothers in 1894 (all of whom have no relation to Milton S. Hershey and the chocolate company that he founded, also in 1894), it was taken over by the Holder family in the 1920s.", "Hershey Creamery Company __knowledge__ The company was one of the first to offer consumers pre-packaged ice cream pints.", "Hershey Creamery Company __knowledge__ In 1998, it modernized its operations to increase efficiency and reduce overhead.", "Milton S. Hershey __knowledge__ Milton Snavely Hershey (September 13, 1857 – October 13, 1945) was an American confectioner and philanthropist.", "Milton S. Hershey __knowledge__ He founded the Hershey Chocolate Company and the \"company town\" of Hershey, Pennsylvania, eventually becoming a great success.", "Milton S. Hershey __knowledge__ As he and his wife had no children, they turned to philanthropy.", "Milton S. Hershey __knowledge__ He was honored by the United States Postal Service with the issue on September 13, 1995 of a 32¢ Great Americans series (1980–2000) definitive postage stamp (Scott #2933).", "Milton S. Hershey __knowledge__ Milton Hershey was born on September 13, 1857 to Henry and Veronica \"Fanny\" Snavely Hershey.", "Milton S. Hershey __knowledge__ Born the son of a Christian father, his family were members of Pennsylvania's Mennonite community.", "Hershey, Pennsylvania __knowledge__ Hershey is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Derry Township, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, United States.", "Hershey, Pennsylvania __knowledge__ Hershey's chocolates are made in Hershey, which was founded by candy magnate Milton S. Hershey.", "Hershey, Pennsylvania __knowledge__ The community is located east of Harrisburg and is part of the Harrisburg−Carlisle Metropolitan Statistical Area.", "Hershey, Pennsylvania __knowledge__ Hershey has no legal status as an incorporated municipality, and all its municipal services are provided by Derry Township.", "Hershey, Pennsylvania __knowledge__ The population was 14,257 at the 2010 census.", "Hershey, Pennsylvania __knowledge__ It is popularly called \"Chocolatetown, USA\".", "Hershey, Pennsylvania __knowledge__ Hershey is also referred to as \"The Sweetest Place on Earth\".", "Hershey Bears __knowledge__ The Hershey Bears are an American professional ice hockey team based in Hershey, Pennsylvania.", "Hershey Bears __knowledge__ The current Bears club has played in the American Hockey League since the 1938-39 season making it the longest continuously operating member club of the league still playing in its original city.", "Hershey Bears __knowledge__ The Bears currently serve as the primary development club for the NHL's Washington Capitals and have been since the 2005-06 season.", "Hershey Bears __knowledge__ Since the 2002–03 season the hockey club's home games have been played at Giant Center, located less than half a mile west of Hersheypark Arena, the AHL club's previous home from 1938 to 2002.", "Snack Barz __knowledge__ Hershey's Snack Barz is the name of a brand of candy bar produced, marketed, and sold by The Hershey Company.", "Snack Barz __knowledge__ Snack Barz are a combination of crisped rice held together with marshmallow and reinforced with a coating of Hershey's milk chocolate.", "Snack Barz __knowledge__ In 2004, The Hershey Company released three flavors of Snack Barz: Hershey's Chocolate Creme, Reese's Peanut Butter, and Hershey's S'mores Marshmallow Creme.", "Snack Barz __knowledge__ Later, the company began manufacturing and distributing two new flavors of Snack Barz in 2005: Caramel and Cookies 'n Creme.", "Snack Barz __knowledge__ Hershey's Snack Bars are manufactured, packaged, and sold by The Hershey Company.", "Hershey's Chocolate World __knowledge__ Hershey’s Chocolate World is the name of eight visitor centers that started in Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States.", "Hershey's Chocolate World __knowledge__ Open year-round, Hershey's Chocolate World offers marketplace shops and restaurants, specializing in Hershey's chocolate products.", "Hershey's Chocolate World __knowledge__ Attractions include Hershey's Great Chocolate Factory Mystery in 4D, the Hershey Trolley Works, Wrap Happiness, and a free Chocolate Tour ride.", "Hershey's Chocolate World __knowledge__ The first Hershey's Chocolate World is located off of Hersheypark Drive, in Hershey, Pennsylvania, and is in an entertainment complex that also includes Hersheypark, Hersheypark Stadium, Hersheypark Arena, Hershey Museum, and Giant Center.", "2012–13 Hershey Bears season __knowledge__ The 2012–13 Hershey Bears season was the franchise's 75th season in the American Hockey League, starting on October 13, 2012, and ending on May 8, 2013, when they were eliminated during the first round of the Calder Cup playoffs.", "2012–13 Hershey Bears season __knowledge__ Due to the 2012–13 National Hockey League lockout, Washington Capitals coach Adam Oates served as co-coach of the Bears alongside head coach Mark French until November.", "2012–13 Hershey Bears season __knowledge__ Several Washington players also played with the Bears for a time, including defenseman Dmitry Orlov and goaltender Braden Holtby, who recorded four season shutouts.", "2012–13 Hershey Bears season __knowledge__ The Bears experienced major offensive problems at the start of the season, resulting in the team's worst 17-game start in eight years.", "Barbara Hershey __knowledge__ Barbara Hershey (born Barbara Lynn Herzstein; February 5, 1948), once known as Barbara Seagull, is an American actress.", "Barbara Hershey __knowledge__ In a career spanning over 50 years, she has played a variety of roles on television and in cinema in several genres, including Westerns and comedies.", "Barbara Hershey __knowledge__ She began acting at age 17 in 1965, but did not achieve much critical acclaim until the latter half of the 1980s.", "Barbara Hershey __knowledge__ By that time, the \"Chicago Tribune\" referred to her as \"one of America's finest actresses.\"", "Barbara Hershey __knowledge__ Hershey won an Emmy and a Golden Globe for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Miniseries/TV Film for her role in \"A Killing in a Small Town\" (1990).", "History of Hersheypark __knowledge__ The history of Hersheypark begins with the founding of the town of Hershey in 1903.", "History of Hersheypark __knowledge__ The owner of the Hershey Chocolate Company surveyed a nearby area of land, which was to become a leisure park for the employees of his chocolate company.", "History of Hersheypark __knowledge__ People began visiting the grounds of the future park in 1904 and 1905, while the park's first pavilion was built in the fall of 1905.", "History of Hersheypark __knowledge__ The park was formally opened on May 30, 1906, when the park opened as Hershey Park.", "History of Hersheypark __knowledge__ The park slowly added rides until 1923, when the first roller coaster, Wild Cat, was built.", "History of Hersheypark __knowledge__ From then on, rides were regularly added, except during World War II." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ The Hershey Company, known until April 2005 as the Hershey Foods Corporation and commonly called Hershey's, is an American company and one of the largest chocolate manufacturers in the world.", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ Its headquarters are in Hershey, Pennsylvania, which is also home to Hershey's Chocolate World.", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ It was founded by Milton S. Hershey in 1894 as the Hershey Chocolate Company, a subsidiary of his Lancaster Caramel Company.", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ Hershey's chocolate is available across the United States, due to their wide network of distribution.", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ They have three mega distribution centers, with modern technology and labor management systems.", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ Hershey's products are sold in over 60 countries worldwide.", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ In addition, Hershey is a member of the World Cocoa Foundation.", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ It is also associated with the Hersheypark Stadium and the Giant Center.", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ After an apprenticeship to a confectioner in 1873, Milton S. Hershey founded a candy shop in Philadelphia.", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ This candy shop was only open for six years, after which Hershey apprenticed with another confectioner in Denver, where he learned to make caramel.", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ After another failed business attempt in New York, Hershey returned to Pennsylvania, where in 1886 he founded the Lancaster Caramel Company.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Chocolate is a typically sweet, usually brown food preparation of \"Theobroma cacao\" seeds, roasted and ground.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ It is made in the form of a liquid, paste, or in a block, or used as a flavoring ingredient in other foods.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Cacao has been cultivated by many cultures for at least three millennia in Mesoamerica.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The earliest evidence of use traces to the Olmecs (Mexico), with evidence of chocolate beverages dating back to 1900 BCE.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ In fact, the majority of Mesoamerican people made chocolate beverages, including the Maya and Aztecs, who made it into a beverage known as \"xocolātl\" , a Nahuatl word meaning \"bitter water\".", "History of chocolate __knowledge__ The history of chocolate begins in Mesoamerica.", "History of chocolate __knowledge__ Fermented beverages made from chocolate date back to 1900 BC.", "History of chocolate __knowledge__ The Aztecs believed that cacao seeds were the gift of Quetzalcoatl, the god of wisdom, and the seeds once had so much value that they were used as a form of currency.", "History of chocolate __knowledge__ Originally prepared only as a drink, chocolate was served as a bitter, from a liquid, mixed with spices or corn puree.", "History of chocolate __knowledge__ It was believed to have aphrodisiac powers and to give the drinker strength.", "History of chocolate __knowledge__ Today, such drinks are also known as \"Chilate\" and are made by locals in the South of Mexico.", "History of chocolate __knowledge__ After its arrival to Europe in the sixteenth century, sugar was added to it, rendering it an aphrodisiac, and it became popular throughout society, first among the ruling classes and then among the common people.", "Scharffen Berger Chocolate Maker __knowledge__ Scharffen Berger Chocolate is a line of chocolate produced by Artisan Confections Company, a subsidiary of The Hershey Company.", "Scharffen Berger Chocolate Maker __knowledge__ Acquired by Hershey in 2005, it was formerly Scharffen Berger Chocolate Maker, an independent Berkeley, California-based chocolate maker, founded in 1996 by sparkling wine maker John Scharffenberger and physician Robert Steinberg.", "Scharffen Berger Chocolate Maker __knowledge__ The company was a manufacturer of chocolate — as opposed to the far more common chocolatiers, who make their products using chocolate acquired from wholesalers and manufacturers — the first American company founded in the past 50 years to make chocolate \"from bean to bar\".", "Chocolate chip cookie __knowledge__ A chocolate chip cookie is a drop cookie that originated in the United States and features chocolate chips (small morsels of sweetened chocolate) as its distinguishing ingredient.", "Chocolate chip cookie __knowledge__ Circa 1938, Ruth Graves Wakefield added chopped up bits from a Nestlé semi-sweet chocolate bar into a cookie.", "Chocolate chip cookie __knowledge__ The traditional recipe combines a dough composed of butter and both brown and white sugar, semi-sweet chocolate chips and vanilla.", "Chocolate chip cookie __knowledge__ Variations include recipes with other types of chocolate as well as additional ingredients such as nuts or oatmeal.", "Chocolate chip cookie __knowledge__ There are also vegan versions with ingredient substitutions such as vegan chocolate chips, vegan margarine, and so forth.", "Like Water for Chocolate (album) __knowledge__ Like Water for Chocolate is the fourth studio album by American hip hop rapper Common, released March 28, 2000 on MCA Records.", "Like Water for Chocolate (album) __knowledge__ It was a considerable critical and commercial breakthrough for Common, receiving universal acclaim from major magazine publications and selling 70,000 copies in its first week.", "Like Water for Chocolate (album) __knowledge__ The album was certified Gold on August 11, 2000 by the Recording Industry Association of America.", "Like Water for Chocolate (album) __knowledge__ According to Nielsen SoundScan, the album has sold 748,000 copies by March 2005.", "Like Water for Chocolate (album) __knowledge__ The video for \"The Light\" was frequently shown on MTV, adding to Common's exposure.", "Like Water for Chocolate (album) __knowledge__ The album also formally marked the formation of the Soulquarians, a collective composed of ?uestlove (of The Roots), Jay Dee (formerly of Slum Village), keyboardist James Poyser, soul artist D'Angelo and bassist Pino Palladino, among numerous other collaborators.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ Chocolate cake or Chocolate gateau (from French: \"gâteau au chocolat\") is a cake flavored with melted chocolate, cocoa powder, or both.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ Chocolate cake is made with chocolate; it can be made with other ingredients, as well.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ These ingredients include fudge, vanilla creme, and other sweeteners.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ The history of chocolate cake goes back to 1764, when Dr. James Baker discovered how to make chocolate by grinding cocoa beans between two massive circular millstones.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ In 1828, Conrad Van Houten of the Netherlands developed a mechanical extraction method for extracting the fat from cacao liquor resulting in cacao butter and the partly defatted cacao, a compacted mass of solids that could be sold as it was \"rock cacao\" or ground into powder.", "Mercury Monterey __knowledge__ The Mercury Monterey is a full-size car model that was introduced by Mercury in 1952.", "Mercury Monterey __knowledge__ It would later share the same body style with the slightly more upscale Marquis, and the Park Lane and Montclair until the latter two were extinguished after the 1968 model year.", "Mercury Monterey __knowledge__ The Marquis-Monterey body was built on a longer wheelbase and had a longer body than the Ford LTD, Ford Galaxie, and Ford Custom.", "Mercury Monterey __knowledge__ During its production the Monterey served as the high-end, mid-range, and entry-level fullsize Mercury at various times throughout its run.", "Mercury Monterey __knowledge__ It was the only Mercury to be in continuous production throughout the 1960s.", "Milton S. Hershey __knowledge__ Milton Snavely Hershey (September 13, 1857 – October 13, 1945) was an American confectioner and philanthropist.", "Milton S. Hershey __knowledge__ He founded the Hershey Chocolate Company and the \"company town\" of Hershey, Pennsylvania, eventually becoming a great success.", "Milton S. Hershey __knowledge__ As he and his wife had no children, they turned to philanthropy.", "Milton S. Hershey __knowledge__ He was honored by the United States Postal Service with the issue on September 13, 1995 of a 32¢ Great Americans series (1980–2000) definitive postage stamp (Scott #2933).", "Milton S. Hershey __knowledge__ Milton Hershey was born on September 13, 1857 to Henry and Veronica \"Fanny\" Snavely Hershey.", "Milton S. Hershey __knowledge__ Born the son of a Christian father, his family were members of Pennsylvania's Mennonite community.", "Hershey Entertainment and Resorts Company __knowledge__ Hershey Entertainment and Resorts Company is a privately held corporation based in Pennsylvania.", "Hershey Entertainment and Resorts Company __knowledge__ Milton S. Hershey established HE&R in 1927 to distinguish and separate his chocolate manufacturing company from his other business ventures.", "Hershey Entertainment and Resorts Company __knowledge__ All his non-chocolate producing businesses were established as Hershey Estates, renamed Hershey Entertainment and Resorts Company in 1980.", "Hershey Entertainment and Resorts Company __knowledge__ In 1894, Milton S. Hershey founded the Hershey Chocolate Company as a subsidiary of his Lancaster Caramel Company.", "Hershey Entertainment and Resorts Company __knowledge__ In 1900, the American Caramel Company offered to purchase the Lancaster Caramel Company for $1 million.", "Hershey Entertainment and Resorts Company __knowledge__ Hershey accepted the offer, maintaining ownership of the Hershey Chocolate Company.", "History of Hersheypark __knowledge__ The history of Hersheypark begins with the founding of the town of Hershey in 1903.", "History of Hersheypark __knowledge__ The owner of the Hershey Chocolate Company surveyed a nearby area of land, which was to become a leisure park for the employees of his chocolate company.", "History of Hersheypark __knowledge__ People began visiting the grounds of the future park in 1904 and 1905, while the park's first pavilion was built in the fall of 1905.", "History of Hersheypark __knowledge__ The park was formally opened on May 30, 1906, when the park opened as Hershey Park.", "History of Hersheypark __knowledge__ The park slowly added rides until 1923, when the first roller coaster, Wild Cat, was built.", "History of Hersheypark __knowledge__ From then on, rides were regularly added, except during World War II.", "Hershey Creamery Company __knowledge__ Hershey Creamery Company, also known as Hershey's Ice Cream, is a creamery that produces Hershey's brand ice cream, sorbet, sherbet, and frozen yogurt, and other frozen treats such as smoothies and frozen slab style ice cream mixers.", "Hershey Creamery Company __knowledge__ Founded by Jacob Hershey and four of his brothers in 1894 (all of whom have no relation to Milton S. Hershey and the chocolate company that he founded, also in 1894), it was taken over by the Holder family in the 1920s.", "Hershey Creamery Company __knowledge__ The company was one of the first to offer consumers pre-packaged ice cream pints.", "Hershey Creamery Company __knowledge__ In 1998, it modernized its operations to increase efficiency and reduce overhead.", "Hersheypark __knowledge__ Hersheypark (known as Hershey Park until 1970) is a family theme park situated in Hershey, Derry Township, Pennsylvania, United States, about east of Harrisburg, and west of Philadelphia.", "Hersheypark __knowledge__ Founded in 1906 by Milton S. Hershey, as a leisure park for the employees of the Hershey Chocolate Company, the park is wholly and privately owned by Hershey Entertainment & Resorts Company .", "Hersheypark __knowledge__ The park has won several awards, including the IAAPA Applause Award.", "Hersheypark __knowledge__ The park opened its first roller coaster in 1923, the Wild Cat, an early Philadelphia Toboggan Company coaster.", "Hersheypark __knowledge__ In 1970, it began redevelopment plan, which led to new rides, an expansion of the park, and the park's renaming.", "Hershey Bears __knowledge__ The Hershey Bears are an American professional ice hockey team based in Hershey, Pennsylvania.", "Hershey Bears __knowledge__ The current Bears club has played in the American Hockey League since the 1938-39 season making it the longest continuously operating member club of the league still playing in its original city.", "Hershey Bears __knowledge__ The Bears currently serve as the primary development club for the NHL's Washington Capitals and have been since the 2005-06 season.", "Hershey Bears __knowledge__ Since the 2002–03 season the hockey club's home games have been played at Giant Center, located less than half a mile west of Hersheypark Arena, the AHL club's previous home from 1938 to 2002." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ The Hershey Company, known until April 2005 as the Hershey Foods Corporation and commonly called Hershey's, is an American company and one of the largest chocolate manufacturers in the world.", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ Its headquarters are in Hershey, Pennsylvania, which is also home to Hershey's Chocolate World.", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ It was founded by Milton S. Hershey in 1894 as the Hershey Chocolate Company, a subsidiary of his Lancaster Caramel Company.", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ Hershey's chocolate is available across the United States, due to their wide network of distribution.", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ They have three mega distribution centers, with modern technology and labor management systems.", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ Hershey's products are sold in over 60 countries worldwide.", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ In addition, Hershey is a member of the World Cocoa Foundation.", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ It is also associated with the Hersheypark Stadium and the Giant Center.", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ After an apprenticeship to a confectioner in 1873, Milton S. Hershey founded a candy shop in Philadelphia.", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ This candy shop was only open for six years, after which Hershey apprenticed with another confectioner in Denver, where he learned to make caramel.", "The Hershey Company __knowledge__ After another failed business attempt in New York, Hershey returned to Pennsylvania, where in 1886 he founded the Lancaster Caramel Company.", "Hershey Creamery Company __knowledge__ Hershey Creamery Company, also known as Hershey's Ice Cream, is a creamery that produces Hershey's brand ice cream, sorbet, sherbet, and frozen yogurt, and other frozen treats such as smoothies and frozen slab style ice cream mixers.", "Hershey Creamery Company __knowledge__ Founded by Jacob Hershey and four of his brothers in 1894 (all of whom have no relation to Milton S. Hershey and the chocolate company that he founded, also in 1894), it was taken over by the Holder family in the 1920s.", "Hershey Creamery Company __knowledge__ The company was one of the first to offer consumers pre-packaged ice cream pints.", "Hershey Creamery Company __knowledge__ In 1998, it modernized its operations to increase efficiency and reduce overhead.", "Milton S. Hershey __knowledge__ Milton Snavely Hershey (September 13, 1857 – October 13, 1945) was an American confectioner and philanthropist.", "Milton S. Hershey __knowledge__ He founded the Hershey Chocolate Company and the \"company town\" of Hershey, Pennsylvania, eventually becoming a great success.", "Milton S. Hershey __knowledge__ As he and his wife had no children, they turned to philanthropy.", "Milton S. Hershey __knowledge__ He was honored by the United States Postal Service with the issue on September 13, 1995 of a 32¢ Great Americans series (1980–2000) definitive postage stamp (Scott #2933).", "Milton S. Hershey __knowledge__ Milton Hershey was born on September 13, 1857 to Henry and Veronica \"Fanny\" Snavely Hershey.", "Milton S. Hershey __knowledge__ Born the son of a Christian father, his family were members of Pennsylvania's Mennonite community.", "Hershey, Pennsylvania __knowledge__ Hershey is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Derry Township, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, United States.", "Hershey, Pennsylvania __knowledge__ Hershey's chocolates are made in Hershey, which was founded by candy magnate Milton S. Hershey.", "Hershey, Pennsylvania __knowledge__ The community is located east of Harrisburg and is part of the Harrisburg−Carlisle Metropolitan Statistical Area.", "Hershey, Pennsylvania __knowledge__ Hershey has no legal status as an incorporated municipality, and all its municipal services are provided by Derry Township.", "Hershey, Pennsylvania __knowledge__ The population was 14,257 at the 2010 census.", "Hershey, Pennsylvania __knowledge__ It is popularly called \"Chocolatetown, USA\".", "Hershey, Pennsylvania __knowledge__ Hershey is also referred to as \"The Sweetest Place on Earth\".", "Hershey Bears __knowledge__ The Hershey Bears are an American professional ice hockey team based in Hershey, Pennsylvania.", "Hershey Bears __knowledge__ The current Bears club has played in the American Hockey League since the 1938-39 season making it the longest continuously operating member club of the league still playing in its original city.", "Hershey Bears __knowledge__ The Bears currently serve as the primary development club for the NHL's Washington Capitals and have been since the 2005-06 season.", "Hershey Bears __knowledge__ Since the 2002–03 season the hockey club's home games have been played at Giant Center, located less than half a mile west of Hersheypark Arena, the AHL club's previous home from 1938 to 2002.", "Snack Barz __knowledge__ Hershey's Snack Barz is the name of a brand of candy bar produced, marketed, and sold by The Hershey Company.", "Snack Barz __knowledge__ Snack Barz are a combination of crisped rice held together with marshmallow and reinforced with a coating of Hershey's milk chocolate.", "Snack Barz __knowledge__ In 2004, The Hershey Company released three flavors of Snack Barz: Hershey's Chocolate Creme, Reese's Peanut Butter, and Hershey's S'mores Marshmallow Creme.", "Snack Barz __knowledge__ Later, the company began manufacturing and distributing two new flavors of Snack Barz in 2005: Caramel and Cookies 'n Creme.", "Snack Barz __knowledge__ Hershey's Snack Bars are manufactured, packaged, and sold by The Hershey Company.", "Hershey's Chocolate World __knowledge__ Hershey’s Chocolate World is the name of eight visitor centers that started in Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States.", "Hershey's Chocolate World __knowledge__ Open year-round, Hershey's Chocolate World offers marketplace shops and restaurants, specializing in Hershey's chocolate products.", "Hershey's Chocolate World __knowledge__ Attractions include Hershey's Great Chocolate Factory Mystery in 4D, the Hershey Trolley Works, Wrap Happiness, and a free Chocolate Tour ride.", "Hershey's Chocolate World __knowledge__ The first Hershey's Chocolate World is located off of Hersheypark Drive, in Hershey, Pennsylvania, and is in an entertainment complex that also includes Hersheypark, Hersheypark Stadium, Hersheypark Arena, Hershey Museum, and Giant Center.", "Milton Hershey School __knowledge__ The Milton Hershey School is a private philanthropic (pre-K through 12) boarding school in Hershey, Pennsylvania.", "Milton Hershey School __knowledge__ Originally named the Hershey Industrial School, the institution was founded and funded by chocolate industrialist Milton Snavely Hershey and his wife, Catherine Sweeney Hershey.", "Milton Hershey School __knowledge__ The school was originally established for impoverished, healthy, male orphans, while today it serves students of various backgrounds.", "Milton Hershey School __knowledge__ The Milton Hershey School Trust, which funds the school, owns controlling interest in The Hershey Company and owns the Hershey Entertainment and Resorts Company (HE&R) which oversees many of the area hotels along with a theme park called Hersheypark.", "Pennsylvania chocolate workers' strike, 1937 __knowledge__ Hershey, Pennsylvania witnessed a six-day sit-down strike of workers at the Hershey Chocolate Corporation in 1937.", "Pennsylvania chocolate workers' strike, 1937 __knowledge__ The strike ended in violence, as dairy workers and loyal Hershey employees stormed the factory to force out strikers.", "Pennsylvania chocolate workers' strike, 1937 __knowledge__ Eventually, Hershey Corporation workers signed an agreement with the American Federation of Labor through the Bakery and Confectionery International Union, becoming one of the first American candy companies to unionize.", "Pennsylvania chocolate workers' strike, 1937 __knowledge__ Founded in 1894 by Milton Hershey, the Hershey Chocolate Corporation became one of the richest candy companies in existence.", "Pennsylvania chocolate workers' strike, 1937 __knowledge__ In its first three decades, Hershey, Pennsylvania was an idyllic company town that thrived no matter what was going on in the rest of the country.", "History of Hersheypark __knowledge__ The history of Hersheypark begins with the founding of the town of Hershey in 1903.", "History of Hersheypark __knowledge__ The owner of the Hershey Chocolate Company surveyed a nearby area of land, which was to become a leisure park for the employees of his chocolate company.", "History of Hersheypark __knowledge__ People began visiting the grounds of the future park in 1904 and 1905, while the park's first pavilion was built in the fall of 1905.", "History of Hersheypark __knowledge__ The park was formally opened on May 30, 1906, when the park opened as Hershey Park.", "History of Hersheypark __knowledge__ The park slowly added rides until 1923, when the first roller coaster, Wild Cat, was built.", "History of Hersheypark __knowledge__ From then on, rides were regularly added, except during World War II.", "Hershey Entertainment and Resorts Company __knowledge__ Hershey Entertainment and Resorts Company is a privately held corporation based in Pennsylvania.", "Hershey Entertainment and Resorts Company __knowledge__ Milton S. Hershey established HE&R in 1927 to distinguish and separate his chocolate manufacturing company from his other business ventures.", "Hershey Entertainment and Resorts Company __knowledge__ All his non-chocolate producing businesses were established as Hershey Estates, renamed Hershey Entertainment and Resorts Company in 1980.", "Hershey Entertainment and Resorts Company __knowledge__ In 1894, Milton S. Hershey founded the Hershey Chocolate Company as a subsidiary of his Lancaster Caramel Company.", "Hershey Entertainment and Resorts Company __knowledge__ In 1900, the American Caramel Company offered to purchase the Lancaster Caramel Company for $1 million.", "Hershey Entertainment and Resorts Company __knowledge__ Hershey accepted the offer, maintaining ownership of the Hershey Chocolate Company." ] ]

[ 2, 2, 17, 48, 3 ]

[ "I do too! I went to Hershey, PA and went to the Chocolate World!", "Yes it is a vistor center for Hershey's headquarters. ", "Milton S. Hershey is the founder of the Hershey's Chocolate Company. ", "Milton Hershey was already a confectioner prior to founding the company. ", "in 1894 he founded the chocolate company, another branch of the lancaster caramel company. " ]

[ "The Hershey Company", "The Hershey Company", "The Hershey Company", "The Hershey Company", "The Hershey Company" ]

[ "Country music", "Hahahah interesting taste in music, I listen to it on rare occasion on alternative radio station", "Yes, when you look at a lot of the mainstream stuff, most of it has lost integrity. Some of the most beautiful music is only found with deeper digging. I consider it all \"alternative\", because in a way its a rebellion against mainstream." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Country music __knowledge__ Country (or country and western) is a musical genre that originated in the southern United States in the early 1920s.", "Country music __knowledge__ It takes its roots from genres such as folk music (especially Appalachian folk music) and blues.", "Country music __knowledge__ Country music often consists of ballads and dance tunes with generally simple forms, folk lyric and harmonies accompanied by mostly string instruments such as banjos, electric and acoustic guitars, steel guitars (such as pedal steels and dobros), and fiddles as well as harmonicas.", "Country music __knowledge__ Blues modes have been used extensively throughout its recorded history.", "Country music __knowledge__ According to Lindsey Starnes, the term \"country music\" gained popularity in the 1940s in preference to the earlier term \"hillbilly music\"; it came to encompass Western music, which evolved parallel to hillbilly music from similar roots, in the mid-20th century.", "Country music __knowledge__ In 2009, in the United States country music was the most listened to rush hour radio genre during the evening commute, and second most popular in the morning commute.", "Country music __knowledge__ The term \"country music\" is used today to describe many styles and subgenres.", "Country music __knowledge__ The origins of country music are the folk music of working class Americans, who blended popular songs, Irish and Celtic fiddle tunes, traditional English ballads, and cowboy songs, and various musical traditions from European immigrant communities." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Country music __knowledge__ Country (or country and western) is a musical genre that originated in the southern United States in the early 1920s.", "Country music __knowledge__ It takes its roots from genres such as folk music (especially Appalachian folk music) and blues.", "Country music __knowledge__ Country music often consists of ballads and dance tunes with generally simple forms, folk lyric and harmonies accompanied by mostly string instruments such as banjos, electric and acoustic guitars, steel guitars (such as pedal steels and dobros), and fiddles as well as harmonicas.", "Country music __knowledge__ Blues modes have been used extensively throughout its recorded history.", "Country music __knowledge__ According to Lindsey Starnes, the term \"country music\" gained popularity in the 1940s in preference to the earlier term \"hillbilly music\"; it came to encompass Western music, which evolved parallel to hillbilly music from similar roots, in the mid-20th century.", "Country music __knowledge__ In 2009, in the United States country music was the most listened to rush hour radio genre during the evening commute, and second most popular in the morning commute.", "Country music __knowledge__ The term \"country music\" is used today to describe many styles and subgenres.", "Country music __knowledge__ The origins of country music are the folk music of working class Americans, who blended popular songs, Irish and Celtic fiddle tunes, traditional English ballads, and cowboy songs, and various musical traditions from European immigrant communities.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Norman B. (radio personality) __knowledge__ Norman Batley (aka Norman B.)", "Norman B. (radio personality) __knowledge__ is a radio personality who has hosted and programmed award-winning shows for stations in the United Kingdom, Seattle, Washington and Tampa, Florida.", "Norman B. (radio personality) __knowledge__ He has also made design and music contributions to well-known restaurant concepts in the Tampa Bay area.", "Norman B. (radio personality) __knowledge__ Norman B. continues to program, write and edit the popular blogsite \"Life Elsewhere,\" a mix of rare music and commentary that draws visitors from around the planet, and in February 2013 launched the weekly program \"Life Elsewhere\" on Tampa public radio station, WMNF.", "Norman B. (radio personality) __knowledge__ Norman B.", "Norman B. (radio personality) __knowledge__ 's career has spanned the worlds of fashion, food, advertising and music.", "Broadcast relay station __knowledge__ A broadcast relay station, satellite station, relay transmitter, broadcast translator (U.S.), rebroadcaster (Canada), repeater (two-way radio), or complementary station (Mexico) is a broadcast transmitter which repeats, or transponds, the signal of another radio station or television station usually to an area not covered by the signal of the originating station.", "Broadcast relay station __knowledge__ They may serve, for example, to expand the broadcast range of a television or radio station beyond the primary signal's coverage area, or to improve service in a part of the main coverage area which receives a poor signal due to geographic constraints.", "Irish pirate radio __knowledge__ Pirate radio in Ireland has had a long history, with hundreds of radio stations having operated from within the country.", "Irish pirate radio __knowledge__ Due to past lax enforcement of the rules, the lack of commercial radio until 1989, and the small physical size of the country, pirate radio has proliferated up to recent years.", "Irish pirate radio __knowledge__ They were tolerated to a point by the government which only occasionally raided them in an effort to show compliance with Irish law, although the national broadcaster, RTÉ, took a harsher approach, including radio jamming.", "Irish pirate radio __knowledge__ Mayo man Jack Sean McNeela in 1940 died on Hunger strike in Arbour Hill Military Detention Barracks after 55 days protesting his arrest for operating a pro IRA pirate radio station.", "CFNY-FM __knowledge__ CFNY-FM, branded as \"102.1 the Edge\", is a Canadian radio station, broadcasting at 102.1 FM in the Greater Toronto Area.", "CFNY-FM __knowledge__ The station rose to prominence in the 1970s and 1980s due to its freestyle DJing format and unique (at that point) choice to play alternative music.", "CFNY-FM __knowledge__ Following a number of years hallmarked by internal problems and a listener rebellion as a result of management decisions, the station eventually evolved into its current modern rock format owned by Corus Entertainment.", "CFNY-FM __knowledge__ The station's legal city of license is the suburban city of Brampton, Ontario, where the station was originally launched in 1960, although today its studios are in Downtown Toronto at Corus Quay on Toronto's Harbourfront and its transmitter is located atop the CN Tower.", "Magnets (song) __knowledge__ \"Magnets\" is a song by British electronic duo Disclosure featuring vocals from New Zealand singer Lorde.", "Magnets (song) __knowledge__ It was written by Howard Lawrence, Guy Lawrence, Lorde and produced by James Napier and Disclosure.", "Magnets (song) __knowledge__ The single was released on 23 September 2015, by PMR Records and Island Records, as the fourth single from their studio album \"Caracal\" (2015).", "Magnets (song) __knowledge__ Critics noted that the song had a different sound from the duo's debut album \"Settle\" (2013) and was compared to Lorde's work on \"Tennis Court\" (2013).", "Magnets (song) __knowledge__ \"Magnets\" is an atmospheric electropop song with influences of techno-pop along with electronic beats, clattering percussion loops, throbbing synths and tribal drums in its instrumentation.", "Alternative media __knowledge__ Alternative media are media that differ from established or dominant types of media in terms of their content, production, or distribution.", "Alternative media __knowledge__ Alternative media take many forms including print, audio, video, Internet and street art.", "Alternative media __knowledge__ Some examples include the counter-culture zines of the 1960s, ethnic and indigenous media such as the First People's television network in Canada (later rebranded Aboriginal Peoples Television Network), and more recently online open publishing journalism sites such as Indymedia.", "Alternative media __knowledge__ While mainstream mass media, on the whole, represent government and corporate interests, alternative media tend to be non-commercial projects that advocate the interests of those excluded from the mainstream, for example, the poor, political and ethnic minorities, labor groups, and LGBT identities.", "1980s in music __knowledge__ This article includes an overview of the major events and trends in popular music in the 1980s.", "1980s in music __knowledge__ The 1980s saw the emergence of dance music and new wave.", "1980s in music __knowledge__ As disco fell out of fashion in the decade's early years, genres such as post-disco, Italo disco, Euro disco and dance-pop became more popular.", "1980s in music __knowledge__ Rock music continued to enjoy a wide audience.", "1980s in music __knowledge__ Soft rock, glam metal, thrash metal, shred guitar characterized by heavy distortion, pinch harmonics and whammy bar abuse became very popular.", "1980s in music __knowledge__ Adult contemporary, quiet storm, and smooth jazz gained popularity.", "1980s in music __knowledge__ In the late 1980s, glam metal became the largest, most commercially successful brand of music in the United States and worldwide.", "Music radio __knowledge__ Music radio is a radio format in which music is the main broadcast content.", "Music radio __knowledge__ After television replaced old time radio's dramatic content, music formats became dominant in many countries.", "Music radio __knowledge__ Radio drama and comedy continue, often on public radio.", "Music radio __knowledge__ Music drives radio technology, including wide-band FM, modern digital radio systems such as Digital Radio Mondiale, and even the rise of internet radio and music streaming services (such as Pandora and Spotify).", "Music radio __knowledge__ The radio station provides programming to attract listeners.", "Music radio __knowledge__ Commercial radio stations make profits by selling advertising.", "Music radio __knowledge__ Public and community radio stations are sustained by listener donations and grants.", "Music history of the United States in the 1980s __knowledge__ Popular music of the United States in the 1980s saw new wave entering the year as the single biggest mainstream market, with heavy metal, punk rock and hardcore punk, and hip hop achieving increased crossover success.", "Music history of the United States in the 1980s __knowledge__ With the demise of punk rock, a new generation of punk-influenced genres arose, including Gothic rock, post-punk, alternative rock, emo and thrash metal.", "Music history of the United States in the 1980s __knowledge__ Hip hop underwent its first diversification, with Miami bass, Chicago hip house, Washington DC go-go, Detroit ghettotech, Los Angeles electroclash and the golden age of old school hip hop in New York City.", "Music history of the United States in the 1980s __knowledge__ House music developed in Chicago, techno music developed in Detroit which also saw the flowering of the Detroit Sound in gospel.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound organized in time.", "Music __knowledge__ The common elements of music are pitch (which governs melody and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo, meter, and articulation), dynamics (loudness and softness), and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture (which are sometimes termed the \"color\" of a musical sound).", "Music __knowledge__ Different styles or types of music may emphasize, de-emphasize or omit some of these elements.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping; there are solely instrumental pieces, solely vocal pieces (such as songs without instrumental accompaniment) and pieces that combine singing and instruments.", "Country pop __knowledge__ Country pop is a subgenre of country music and pop music that was developed by members of the Country genre out of a desire to reach a larger, mainstream audience.", "Country pop __knowledge__ By producing country songs that employed many styles and sounds found in pop music, the country music industry was effective in gaining new listeners without alienating its traditional country audience.", "Country pop __knowledge__ Country pop music is often known for genres like rock, pop, and country combined.", "Country pop __knowledge__ It is a continuation of similar efforts that began in the late 1950s originally known as Nashville sound and later on Countrypolitan.", "Country pop __knowledge__ By the mid-1970s, many country artists were transitioning to the pop-country sound which led to some records charting high on mainstream top 40 as well as country \"Billboard\" charts.", "2000s in music __knowledge__ This article includes an overview of the major events and trends in popular music in the 2000s.", "2000s in music __knowledge__ The 2000s saw the creation or emergence of a few styles, such as indie-related genres such as Emo, Alternative R&B, and a multitude of new electronic subgenres, most notably Dubstep, Bass music and Moombahton, as well as genres that fused influences from past decades, mostly the 80s, into creating new styles such as Nu-disco and Hypnagogic pop.", "2000s in music __knowledge__ In fact convergence of different styles was one of the more defining features of the decade, as seen with the creation and commercial success of the British Grime genre and Trap music and Chillwave in the United States." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Country music __knowledge__ Country (or country and western) is a musical genre that originated in the southern United States in the early 1920s.", "Country music __knowledge__ It takes its roots from genres such as folk music (especially Appalachian folk music) and blues.", "Country music __knowledge__ Country music often consists of ballads and dance tunes with generally simple forms, folk lyric and harmonies accompanied by mostly string instruments such as banjos, electric and acoustic guitars, steel guitars (such as pedal steels and dobros), and fiddles as well as harmonicas.", "Country music __knowledge__ Blues modes have been used extensively throughout its recorded history.", "Country music __knowledge__ According to Lindsey Starnes, the term \"country music\" gained popularity in the 1940s in preference to the earlier term \"hillbilly music\"; it came to encompass Western music, which evolved parallel to hillbilly music from similar roots, in the mid-20th century.", "Country music __knowledge__ In 2009, in the United States country music was the most listened to rush hour radio genre during the evening commute, and second most popular in the morning commute.", "Country music __knowledge__ The term \"country music\" is used today to describe many styles and subgenres.", "Country music __knowledge__ The origins of country music are the folk music of working class Americans, who blended popular songs, Irish and Celtic fiddle tunes, traditional English ballads, and cowboy songs, and various musical traditions from European immigrant communities.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Grunge __knowledge__ Grunge (sometimes referred to as the Seattle sound) is a subgenre of alternative rock and a subculture that emerged during the in the Pacific Northwest U.S. state of Washington, particularly in Seattle and nearby towns.", "Grunge __knowledge__ The early grunge movement revolved around Seattle's independent record label Sub Pop and that region's underground music scene.", "Grunge __knowledge__ By the early 1990s its popularity had spread, with grunge bands appearing in California, then emerging in other parts of the United States and in Australia, building strong followings and signing major record deals.", "Grunge __knowledge__ Grunge was commercially successful in the early–mid 1990s, due to releases such as Nirvana's \"Nevermind\", Pearl Jam's \"Ten\", Soundgarden's \"Superunknown\", Alice in Chains' \"Dirt\" and Stone Temple Pilots' \"Core\".", "Beautiful music __knowledge__ Beautiful music (sometimes abbreviated as BM, B/EZ or BM/EZ for \"beautiful music/easy listening\") is a mostly instrumental music format that was prominent in American radio from the 1960s through the 1980s.", "Beautiful music __knowledge__ Easy listening, light music, mood music, elevator music, and Muzak are other terms that overlap with this format and the style of music that it featured.", "Beautiful music __knowledge__ Beautiful music can also be regarded as a subset of the middle of the road radio format.", "Beautiful music __knowledge__ Beautiful music initially offered soft and unobtrusive instrumental selections on a very structured schedule with limited commercial interruptions.", "Beautiful music __knowledge__ It often functioned as a free background music service for stores, with commercial breaks consisting only of announcements aimed at shoppers already in the stores.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants Inc. is an American video game developer founded in 1994 by special-effects and computer-animation veterans Sherry McKenna and Lorne Lanning.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The company is primarily known for the incomplete \"Oddworld Quintology\", a series of award-winning video games about the fictional planet of Oddworld and its native creatures.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The series debuted with \"\" in 1997 and continued with \"\" in 2001 but the studio has also developed standalone titles \"\" in 1998 and \"\" in 2005.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants took a break from game development for a time following the release of \"Stranger's Wrath\", even though it had already begun preliminary work on its next Oddworld title, \"The Brutal Ballad of Fangus Klot\".", "Rock music __knowledge__ Rock music is a broad genre of popular music that originated as \"rock and roll\" in the United States in the early 1950s, and developed into a range of different styles in the 1960s and later, particularly in the United Kingdom and in the United States.", "Rock music __knowledge__ It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, a style which drew heavily on the African-American genres of blues and rhythm and blues, and from country music.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Rock music also drew strongly on a number of other genres such as electric blues and folk, and incorporated influences from jazz, classical and other musical styles.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Musically, rock has centered on the electric guitar, usually as part of a rock group with electric bass and drums and one or more singers.", "WDVD __knowledge__ WDVD is a Hot Adult Contemporary radio station in Detroit, Michigan, broadcasting at 96.3 MHz on the FM dial.", "WDVD __knowledge__ Owned and operated by Cumulus Media, WDVD's studios and offices are located in the Fisher Building in Detroit's New Center district near downtown, while its transmitter is located in Oakland County in Royal Oak Township at 8 Mile Road and Wyoming Avenue.", "WDVD __knowledge__ WDVD broadcasts with an Effective Radiated Power of 20,000 watts from an antenna that is 787 feet in height, and transmits its signal from the same tower from which five other Detroit FM radio stations broadcast.", "WDVD __knowledge__ WDVD is licensed for HD Radio operations.", "Adult contemporary music __knowledge__ Adult contemporary music (AC) is a North American term used to describe a form of radio-played popular music, ranging from 1960s vocal and 1970s soft rock music to predominantly ballad-heavy music of the present day, with varying degrees of easy listening, pop, soul, rhythm and blues, quiet storm, and rock influence.", "Adult contemporary music __knowledge__ Adult contemporary is rather a continuation of the easy listening and soft rock style that became popular in the 1960s and 1970s with some adjustments that reflect the evolution of pop/rock music.", "Adult contemporary music __knowledge__ Adult contemporary tends to have lush, soothing and highly polished qualities where emphasis on melody and harmonies is accentuated.", "Double bass __knowledge__ The double bass, or simply the bass (and numerous other names), is the largest and lowest-pitched bowed string instrument in the modern symphony orchestra.", "Double bass __knowledge__ It is a transposing instrument and is typically notated one octave higher than tuned to avoid excessive ledger lines below the staff.", "Double bass __knowledge__ The double bass is the only modern bowed string instrument that is tuned in fourths (like a viol), rather than fifths, with strings usually tuned to E, A, D and G. The instrument's exact lineage is still a matter of some debate, with scholars divided on whether the bass is derived from the viol or the violin family.", "BAD RAP (organization) __knowledge__ BAD RAP (acronym for Bay Area Dog-lovers Responsible About Pit Bulls) is an animal welfare and rescue group based in Oakland, California, devoted to caring for and improving the public image of pit bull terriers as pets.", "BAD RAP (organization) __knowledge__ BAD RAP is a federal non-profit organization (under IRS Code 501(c)3) located in Oakland, California.", "BAD RAP (organization) __knowledge__ It was incorporated in 1999 to address the needs of homeless dogs, specifically homeless American Pit Bull Terriers, and to provide support and resources to animal welfare organizations that deal with pit bulls.", "BAD RAP (organization) __knowledge__ The organization also focuses on providing owner support, in the form of training, spay/neuter assistance and other resources, to families who own pit bulls.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ The films listed below have been cited by a variety of notable critics in varying media sources as being among the worst films ever made.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ Examples of such sources include Metacritic, Roger Ebert's list of most-hated films, \"The Golden Turkey Awards\", \"Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide\", Rotten Tomatoes, the Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\", and the Golden Raspberry Awards (\"Razzies\").", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ \"Reefer Madness\" (originally released as \"Tell Your Children\" and sometimes titled or subtitled as \"The Burning Question\", \"Dope Addict\", \"Doped Youth\", and \"Love Madness\") is a 1936 American exploitation film and propaganda work revolving around the melodramatic events that ensue when high school students are lured by pushers to try marijuana—from a hit and run accident, to manslaughter, suicide, attempted rape, and descent into madness.", "Violin __knowledge__ The violin, also known informally as a fiddle, is a wooden string instrument in the violin family.", "Violin __knowledge__ Most violins have a hollow wooden body.", "Violin __knowledge__ It is the smallest and highest-pitched instrument in the family in regular use.", "Violin __knowledge__ Smaller violin-type instruments are known, including the violino piccolo and the kit violin, but these are virtually unused.", "Violin __knowledge__ The violin typically has four strings tuned in perfect fifths, and is most commonly played by drawing a bow across its strings, though it can also be played by plucking the strings with the fingers (pizzicato) and by striking the strings with the wooden side of the bow (col legno).", "String instrument __knowledge__ String instruments, stringed instruments, or chordophones are musical instruments that produce sound from vibrating strings when the performer plays or sounds the strings in some manner.", "String instrument __knowledge__ Musicians play some string instruments by plucking the strings with their fingers or a plectrum—and others by hitting the strings with a light wooden hammer or by rubbing the strings with a bow.", "String instrument __knowledge__ In some keyboard instruments, such as the harpsichord , the musician presses a key that plucks the string.", "String instrument __knowledge__ With bowed instruments, the player rubs the strings with a horsehair bow, causing them to vibrate.", "String instrument __knowledge__ With a hurdy-gurdy, the musician operates a mechanical wheel that rubs the strings.", "Cello __knowledge__ The cello ( ; plural cellos or celli) or violoncello ( ; ) is a bowed, and sometimes plucked, string instrument with four strings tuned in perfect fifths.", "Cello __knowledge__ The strings from low to high are generally tuned to C, G, D and A, an octave lower than the viola.", "Cello __knowledge__ It is the bass member of the violin family of musical instruments, which also includes the violin, viola and the double bass.", "Cello __knowledge__ The cello is used as a solo musical instrument, as well as in chamber music ensembles (e.g., string quartet), string orchestras, as a member of the string section of symphony orchestras, and some types of rock bands.", "Cello __knowledge__ It is the second-largest and second lowest (in pitch) bowed string instrument in the modern symphony orchestra, the double bass being the largest and having the lowest (deepest) pitch.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound organized in time.", "Music __knowledge__ The common elements of music are pitch (which governs melody and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo, meter, and articulation), dynamics (loudness and softness), and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture (which are sometimes termed the \"color\" of a musical sound).", "Music __knowledge__ Different styles or types of music may emphasize, de-emphasize or omit some of these elements.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping; there are solely instrumental pieces, solely vocal pieces (such as songs without instrumental accompaniment) and pieces that combine singing and instruments." ] ]

[ 4, 3, 26 ]

[ "I love me some country music. Not the contemporary pop country on the radio. The blues mode stuff is where it's at", "Country gets a bad rap, and I bet you've only heard the worst parts. At it's core, it's simply beautiful harmonies and intricate string instrument arrangements.", "Yea, labels for music is weird. Like, the term \"rock\" has been so diluted and it means nothing like original \"rock and roll.\" And it's only been around since the 50s and 60s." ]

[ "Country music", "Country music", "Country music" ]

[ "Scuba diving", "It sounds really fun. But I've always wondered. what does scuba stand for?", "I think I learned that from boy meets world, but forgot. Haha." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Scuba diving is a form of underwater diving where the diver uses a self-contained underwater breathing apparatus (scuba) which is completely independent of surface supply, to breathe underwater.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Scuba divers carry their own source of breathing gas, usually compressed air, allowing them greater independence and freedom of movement than surface-supplied divers, and longer underwater endurance than breath-hold divers.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Open circuit scuba systems discharge the breathing gas into the environment as it is exhaled, and consist of one or more diving cylinders containing breathing gas at high pressure which is supplied to the diver through a regulator.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ They may include additional cylinders for decompression gas or emergency breathing gas.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Closed-circuit or semi-closed circuit rebreather scuba systems allow recycling of exhaled gases.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ The volume of gas used is reduced compared to that of open circuit, so a smaller cylinder or cylinders may be used for an equivalent dive duration.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Rebreathers extend the time spent underwater compared to open circuit for the same gas consumption, they produce fewer bubbles and less noise than scuba which makes them attractive to covert military divers to avoid detection, scientific divers to avoid disturbing marine animals, and media divers to avoid bubble interference." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Scuba diving is a form of underwater diving where the diver uses a self-contained underwater breathing apparatus (scuba) which is completely independent of surface supply, to breathe underwater.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Scuba divers carry their own source of breathing gas, usually compressed air, allowing them greater independence and freedom of movement than surface-supplied divers, and longer underwater endurance than breath-hold divers.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Open circuit scuba systems discharge the breathing gas into the environment as it is exhaled, and consist of one or more diving cylinders containing breathing gas at high pressure which is supplied to the diver through a regulator.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ They may include additional cylinders for decompression gas or emergency breathing gas.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Closed-circuit or semi-closed circuit rebreather scuba systems allow recycling of exhaled gases.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ The volume of gas used is reduced compared to that of open circuit, so a smaller cylinder or cylinders may be used for an equivalent dive duration.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Rebreathers extend the time spent underwater compared to open circuit for the same gas consumption, they produce fewer bubbles and less noise than scuba which makes them attractive to covert military divers to avoid detection, scientific divers to avoid disturbing marine animals, and media divers to avoid bubble interference.", "Metamorphosis (Hilary Duff album) __knowledge__ Metamorphosis is the second studio album by American singer Hilary Duff.", "Metamorphosis (Hilary Duff album) __knowledge__ The album was released on August 26, 2003 by Hollywood Records as a follow up to her holiday album, \"Santa Claus Lane\" (2002).", "Metamorphosis (Hilary Duff album) __knowledge__ According to Duff, the album incorporates elements of pop and rock music, and it represents changes that are specific to her life and that everyone experiences.", "Metamorphosis (Hilary Duff album) __knowledge__ Duff worked with several producers on the album such as The Matrix who worked with Latin Pop Singer, Myra, also signed to Hollywood Records prior.", "Metamorphosis (Hilary Duff album) __knowledge__ Others who collaborated on the album include Chico Bennett, Matthew Gerrard, John Shanks, and his frequent writing partner Kara DioGuardi.", "Who's Been Sleeping with Kat? __knowledge__ In July 2012, a storyline began in the British soap opera \"EastEnders\" in which the character Kat Moon, played by Jessie Wallace, embarks on an affair behind her husband Alfie Moon's (Shane Richie) back, with an unknown person.", "Who's Been Sleeping with Kat? __knowledge__ The suspects named were Ray Dixon (Chucky Venn), Michael Moon (Steve John Shepherd), Max Branning (Jake Wood), Derek Branning (Jamie Foreman) and Jack Branning (Scott Maslen).", "Who's Been Sleeping with Kat? __knowledge__ Ray was the first suspect to be eliminated, on 7 August, followed by Michael on 14 September.", "Who's Been Sleeping with Kat? __knowledge__ The mystery man was revealed as Derek in the 20 December episode.", "Who's Been Sleeping with Kat? __knowledge__ Richie dubbed the storyline \"Who's Been Sleeping with Kat?", "Raining Men (Rihanna song) __knowledge__ \"Raining Men\" is a song by Barbadian recording artist Rihanna from her fifth studio album, \"Loud\" (2010).", "Raining Men (Rihanna song) __knowledge__ Written by Melvin Hough II, Rivelino Wouter, Timothy Thomas, Theron Thomas and Onika Maraj, and produced by Mel & Mus, the song was sent to urban radio on December 7, 2010, as the album's third single in the United States, and was re-sent to urban radio on January 25, 2011.", "Raining Men (Rihanna song) __knowledge__ A hip hop song, it features rap vocals by Nicki Minaj and instrumentation consisting of sirens and bass.", "Raining Men (Rihanna song) __knowledge__ The song's lyrics revolve around how there is an endless supply of men available in the world.", "Raining Men (Rihanna song) __knowledge__ The song garnered a mixed response from music critics; some praised the chemistry between Rihanna and Minaj, while others commented that it bore strong resemblances to Beyoncé's song \"Diva\" with regard to its composition, and were critical of the notion.", "Seven Ages of Rock __knowledge__ Seven Ages of Rock (also known as 7 Ages of Rock) is a BBC Two series, co-produced by BBC Worldwide and VH1 Classic in 2007 about the history of rock music.", "Seven Ages of Rock __knowledge__ It comprised six 60-minute episodes (reduced to 48 minutes for VH1 Classic), with a final episode of 90 minutes, and was broadcast on Saturdays at 21:00 (repeated on BBC One on Sundays).", "Seven Ages of Rock __knowledge__ Each episode focused on one type of rock music, each typified by one or two artists or bands.", "Seven Ages of Rock __knowledge__ The series producer was William Naylor, and the executive producer for the BBC was Michael Poole, a former editor of the 1990s BBC music, arts and culture programme \"The Late Show\".", "Scuba set __knowledge__ A scuba set is any breathing apparatus that is carried entirely by an underwater diver and provides the diver with breathing gas at the ambient pressure.", "Scuba set __knowledge__ (Scuba is an anacronym for self-contained underwater breathing apparatus.)", "Scuba set __knowledge__ Although strictly speaking the scuba set is only the diving equipment which is required for providing breathing gas to the diver, general usage includes the harness by which it is carried, and those accessories which are integral parts of the harness and breathing apparatus assembly, such as a jacket or wing style buoyancy compensator and instruments mounted in a combined housing with the pressure gauge, and in the looser sense it has been used to refer to any diving equipment used by the scuba diver, though this would more commonly and accurately be termed scuba equipment.", "Diving cylinder __knowledge__ A diving cylinder, scuba tank or diving tank is a gas cylinder used to store and transport the high pressure breathing gas required by a scuba set.", "Diving cylinder __knowledge__ It may also be used for surface-supplied diving or as decompression gas or an emergency gas supply for surface supplied diving or scuba.", "Diving cylinder __knowledge__ Cylinders provide gas to the diver through the demand valve of a diving regulator or the breathing loop of a diving rebreather.", "Diving cylinder __knowledge__ Diving cylinders are usually manufactured from aluminium or steel alloys, and are normally fitted with one of two common types of cylinder valve for filling and connection to the regulator.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Underwater diving, as a human activity, is the practice of descending below the water's surface to interact with the environment.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Immersion in water and exposure to high ambient pressure have physiological effects that limit the depths and duration possible in ambient pressure diving.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Humans are not physiologically and anatomically well adapted to the environmental conditions of diving, and various equipment has been developed to extend the depth and duration of human dives, and allow different types of work to be done.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ In ambient pressure diving, the diver is directly exposed to the pressure of the surrounding water.", "Scuba skills __knowledge__ Scuba skills are the skills required to dive safely using self-contained underwater breathing apparatus, (scuba).", "Scuba skills __knowledge__ Most of these skills are relevant to both open circuit and rebreather scuba, and many are also relevant to surface-supplied diving.", "Scuba skills __knowledge__ Those skills which are critical to the safety of the diver may require more practice than is usually provided during training to achieve reliable long-term proficiency Some of the skills are generally accepted by recreational diver certification agencies as necessary for any scuba diver to be considered competent to dive without direct supervision, and others are more advanced, though some diver certification and accreditation organizations may consider some of these to also be essential for minimum acceptable entry level competence.", "Diving safety __knowledge__ The safety of underwater diving depends on four factors: the environment, the equipment, behaviour of the individual diver and performance of the dive team.", "Diving safety __knowledge__ The underwater environment can impose severe physical and psychological stress on a diver, and is mostly beyond the diver's control.", "Diving safety __knowledge__ Equipment is used to operate underwater for anything beyond very short periods, and the reliable function of some of the equipment is critical to even short term survival.", "Diving safety __knowledge__ Other equipment allows the diver to operate in relative comfort and efficiency.", "Diving safety __knowledge__ The performance of the individual diver depends on learned skills, many of which are not intuitive, and the performance of the team depends on communication and common goals.", "Cave diving __knowledge__ Cave diving is underwater diving in water-filled caves.", "Cave diving __knowledge__ It may be done as an extreme sport, a way of exploring flooded caves for scientific investigation, or for the search for and recovery of divers lost while diving for one of these reasons.", "Cave diving __knowledge__ The equipment used varies depending on the circumstances, and ranges from breath hold to surface supplied, but almost all cave diving is done using scuba equipment, often in specialised configurations.", "Cave diving __knowledge__ Recreational cave diving is generally considered to be a type of technical diving due to the lack of a free surface during large parts of the dive, and often involves decompression.", "Buddy diving __knowledge__ Buddy diving is the use of the buddy system by scuba divers and is a set of safety procedures that are intended to improve divers' chances of avoiding or surviving accidents in or under water by diving in a group of two or sometimes three divers.", "Buddy diving __knowledge__ When using the buddy system, members of the group dive together and co-operate with each other, so that they can help or rescue each other in the event of an emergency.", "Buddy diving __knowledge__ This is most effective if the divers are both competent in all the relevant skills and are sufficiently aware of the situation to be able to respond in time, which is a matter of both attitude and competence." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Scuba diving is a form of underwater diving where the diver uses a self-contained underwater breathing apparatus (scuba) which is completely independent of surface supply, to breathe underwater.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Scuba divers carry their own source of breathing gas, usually compressed air, allowing them greater independence and freedom of movement than surface-supplied divers, and longer underwater endurance than breath-hold divers.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Open circuit scuba systems discharge the breathing gas into the environment as it is exhaled, and consist of one or more diving cylinders containing breathing gas at high pressure which is supplied to the diver through a regulator.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ They may include additional cylinders for decompression gas or emergency breathing gas.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Closed-circuit or semi-closed circuit rebreather scuba systems allow recycling of exhaled gases.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ The volume of gas used is reduced compared to that of open circuit, so a smaller cylinder or cylinders may be used for an equivalent dive duration.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Rebreathers extend the time spent underwater compared to open circuit for the same gas consumption, they produce fewer bubbles and less noise than scuba which makes them attractive to covert military divers to avoid detection, scientific divers to avoid disturbing marine animals, and media divers to avoid bubble interference.", "Cory Matthews __knowledge__ Cornelius A.", "Cory Matthews __knowledge__ \"Cory\" Matthews is a fictional character in the US television series \"Boy Meets World\" (1993–2000) and its sequel \"Girl Meets World\" (2014–2017), portrayed by Ben Savage.", "Cory Matthews __knowledge__ The character made an appearance in the US television series by \"Boy Meets World\" creator, Michael Jacobs, \"Maybe This Time\" (1995–1996) in the episode, \"Acting Out\" (1996), as part of a cross-over with \"Boy Meets World\", portrayed by Ben Savage.", "Cory Matthews __knowledge__ Cornelius A.", "Cory Matthews __knowledge__ \"Cory\" Matthews (Ben Savage) is the main character of the series \"Boy Meets World\" and plays a large role as the main adult character in the spin-off series, \"Girl Meets World\".", "List of Boy Meets World characters __knowledge__ Boy Meets World is an American television sitcom that chronicles the coming of age events and everyday life-lessons of Cory Matthews (Ben Savage).", "List of Boy Meets World characters __knowledge__ The show aired from 1993 to 2000 on ABC, part of the network's TGIF lineup for seven seasons.", "List of Boy Meets World characters __knowledge__ Several of the characters that originated on \"Boy Meets World\" later appeared in its sequel, \"Girl Meets World\".", "List of Boy Meets World characters __knowledge__ The only main characters not to make an appearance on \"Girl Meets World\" are Rachel McGuire and Eli Williams.", "List of Boy Meets World characters __knowledge__ For a listing of characters unique to that series, see the list of \"Girl Meets World\" characters.", "List of Boy Meets World characters __knowledge__ Cornelius A.", "List of Boy Meets World characters __knowledge__ \"Cory\" Matthews (Ben Savage) is the main character of the series.", "List of Girl Meets World characters __knowledge__ \"Girl Meets World\" is an American comedy television series created by Michael Jacobs and April Kelly that aired on Disney Channel from June 27, 2014 to January 20, 2017.", "List of Girl Meets World characters __knowledge__ The series is a spinoff of \"Boy Meets World\" and stars Rowan Blanchard, Ben Savage, Sabrina Carpenter, Peyton Meyer, August Maturo, Danielle Fishel, and Corey Fogelmanis.", "List of Girl Meets World characters __knowledge__ The series centers around the life of Riley and her friends and family, particularly their school life, in which Cory is their history teacher.", "List of Girl Meets World characters __knowledge__ Riley shares a strong relationship with her best friend Maya Hart, who assists her in learning to cope with the social and personal issues of adolescence.", "TGIF (ABC) __knowledge__ TGIF is the name of a defunct American prime time television programming block that aired on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC), initially from 1989 to 2000.", "TGIF (ABC) __knowledge__ The name comes from the initials of the popular phrase \"Thank God It's Friday\"; however, the stars of the lineup touted the abbreviation as meaning \"Thank Goodness It's Funny.\"", "TGIF (ABC) __knowledge__ The block mainly featured situation comedies aimed at a family audience.", "TGIF (ABC) __knowledge__ It marked one of the first attempts by a major network to brand a programming block, with the goal of encouraging young viewers to watch the entire lineup, instead of just a particular show.", "Boy Meets World __knowledge__ Boy Meets World is an American television sitcom that chronicles the coming-of-age events and everyday life-lessons of Cory Matthews (portrayed by Ben Savage).", "Boy Meets World __knowledge__ The show follows Cory and his friends and family through seven seasons, from his middle school days as a pre-pubescent child to his life in college as a married man.", "Boy Meets World __knowledge__ The show aired from 1993 to 2000 on ABC, part of the network's TGIF lineup.", "Boy Meets World __knowledge__ The entire series has since been released on DVD, as well as on iTunes.", "Boy Meets World __knowledge__ A sequel titled \"Girl Meets World\", focusing on Cory and Topanga and their teen daughter Riley, ran on Disney Channel from June 27, 2014 to January 20, 2017.", "Girl Meets World __knowledge__ Girl Meets World is an American comedy television series created by Michael Jacobs and April Kelly that aired on Disney Channel from June 27, 2014 to January 20, 2017.", "Girl Meets World __knowledge__ The series is a spinoff of \"Boy Meets World\" and stars Rowan Blanchard, Ben Savage, Sabrina Carpenter, Peyton Meyer, August Maturo, Danielle Fishel, and Corey Fogelmanis.", "Girl Meets World __knowledge__ The series centers around the life of a young teen girl, Riley Matthews, and her friends and family, particularly their school life, in which her father Cory is their history teacher.", "Girl Meets World __knowledge__ Riley shares a strong relationship with her best friend Maya Hart, who assists her in learning to cope with the social and personal issues of adolescence.", "Boy Meets World (album) __knowledge__ Boy Meets World is the debut solo album by American rapper Fashawn, with all songs produced by Exile.", "Boy Meets World (album) __knowledge__ It was released by the independent record label One Records on October 20, 2009.", "Boy Meets World (album) __knowledge__ The album features guest performances by Aloe Blacc, Evidence, Blu, Planet Asia, Mistah Fab, Co$$, Devoya and J. Mitchell.", "Boy Meets World (album) __knowledge__ Music videos were made for \"Life as a Shorty\", \"Samsonite Man\", \"Our Way\", \"Sunny CA\" and \"The Ecology/The Score\".", "Boy Meets World (album) __knowledge__ \"Boy Meets World\" received critical acclaim from critics who praised the production and Fashawn's storytelling.", "Boy Meets World (album) __knowledge__ The album subsequently received attention and recognition from highly respected hip-hop artists.", "Scuba set __knowledge__ A scuba set is any breathing apparatus that is carried entirely by an underwater diver and provides the diver with breathing gas at the ambient pressure.", "Scuba set __knowledge__ (Scuba is an anacronym for self-contained underwater breathing apparatus.)", "Scuba set __knowledge__ Although strictly speaking the scuba set is only the diving equipment which is required for providing breathing gas to the diver, general usage includes the harness by which it is carried, and those accessories which are integral parts of the harness and breathing apparatus assembly, such as a jacket or wing style buoyancy compensator and instruments mounted in a combined housing with the pressure gauge, and in the looser sense it has been used to refer to any diving equipment used by the scuba diver, though this would more commonly and accurately be termed scuba equipment.", "History of underwater diving __knowledge__ The history of underwater diving starts with freediving as a widespread means of hunting and gathering, both for food and other valuable resources such as pearls and coral, By classical Greek and Roman times commercial applications such as sponge diving and marine salvage were established, Military diving also has a long history, going back at least as far as the Peloponnesian War, with recreational and sporting applications being a recent development.", "History of underwater diving __knowledge__ Technological development in ambient pressure diving started with stone weights (skandalopetra) for fast descent.", "History of underwater diving __knowledge__ In the 16th and 17th centuries diving bells became functionally useful when a renewable supply of air could be provided to the diver at depth, and progressed to surface supplied diving helmets - in effect miniature diving bells covering the diver's head and supplied with compressed air by manually operated pumps - which were improved by attaching a waterproof suit to the helmet and in the early 19th century became the standard diving dress.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Underwater diving, as a human activity, is the practice of descending below the water's surface to interact with the environment.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Immersion in water and exposure to high ambient pressure have physiological effects that limit the depths and duration possible in ambient pressure diving.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Humans are not physiologically and anatomically well adapted to the environmental conditions of diving, and various equipment has been developed to extend the depth and duration of human dives, and allow different types of work to be done.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ In ambient pressure diving, the diver is directly exposed to the pressure of the surrounding water.", "Physiology of underwater diving __knowledge__ Physiology of underwater diving is the physiological influences of the underwater environment on the physiology of air-breathing animals, and the adaptations to operating underwater, both during breath-hold dives and while breathing at ambient pressure from a suitable breathing gas supply.", "Physiology of underwater diving __knowledge__ It, therefore, includes both the physiology of breath-hold diving in humans and other air-breathing animals, and the range of physiological effects generally limited to human ambient pressure divers either freediving or using underwater breathing apparatus.", "Physiology of underwater diving __knowledge__ Several factors influence the diver, including immersion, exposure to the water, the limitations of breath-hold endurance, variations in ambient pressure, the effects of breathing gases at raised ambient pressure, effects caused by the use of breathing apparatus, and sensory impairment.", "Aqua-lung __knowledge__ Aqua-Lung was the original English name of the first open-circuit, self-contained underwater breathing apparatus (or \"SCUBA\") to reach worldwide popularity and commercial success.", "Aqua-lung __knowledge__ This class of equipment is now commonly referred to as a diving regulator or demand valve.", "Aqua-lung __knowledge__ The Aqua-Lung was invented in Paris during the winter of 1942–1943 by two Frenchmen: the engineer Émile Gagnan and Naval Lieutenant (\"lieutenant de vaisseau\") Jacques Cousteau.", "Aqua-lung __knowledge__ It allowed Cousteau and Gagnan to film and explore more easily underwater.", "Aqua-lung __knowledge__ An earlier underwater breathing regulator, known as the \"régulateur,\" was invented in France in 1860 by Benoît Rouquayrol.", "Diving regulator __knowledge__ A diving regulator is a pressure regulator that reduces pressurized breathing gas to ambient pressure and delivers it to the diver.", "Diving regulator __knowledge__ The gas may be air or one of a variety of specially blended breathing gases.", "Diving regulator __knowledge__ The gas may be supplied from a scuba cylinder carried by the diver or via a hose from a compressor or high pressure storage cylinders at the surface in surface-supplied diving.", "Diving regulator __knowledge__ A gas pressure regulator has one or more valves in series which reduce pressure from the source, and use the downstream pressure as feedback to control the rate of flow and thereby the delivered pressure, lowering the pressure at each stage." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 3 ]

[ "I really enjoy going SCUBA diving with my spouse. It is so much fun to be able to breathe underwater and explore. ", "SCUBA stands for Self-Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus. People usually take compressed gas with them. ", "That was a great show! When you are SCUBA diving, an open circuit system lets the breathing gas go into the environment as you breathe out. It's a fascinating system. " ]

[ "Scuba diving", "Scuba diving", "Scuba diving" ]

[ "Kentucky", "No but i dont think i ever will to be honest.", "Yea seems like a boring place to go to tho, not much to do." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Kentucky __knowledge__ Kentucky (, ), officially the Commonwealth of Kentucky, is a state located in the east south-central region of the United States.", "Kentucky __knowledge__ Although styled as the \"State of Kentucky\" in the law creating it, Kentucky is one of four U.S. states constituted as a commonwealth (the others being Virginia, Pennsylvania, and Massachusetts).", "Kentucky __knowledge__ Originally a part of Virginia, in 1792 Kentucky became the 15th state to join the Union.", "Kentucky __knowledge__ Kentucky is the 37th most extensive and the 26th most populous of the 50 United States.", "Kentucky __knowledge__ Kentucky is known as the \"Bluegrass State\", a nickname based on the bluegrass found in many of its pastures due to the fertile soil.", "Kentucky __knowledge__ One of the major regions in Kentucky is the Bluegrass Region in central Kentucky, which houses two of its major cities, Louisville and Lexington.", "Kentucky __knowledge__ It is a land with diverse environments and abundant resources, including the world's longest cave system, Mammoth Cave National Park, the greatest length of navigable waterways and streams in the contiguous United States, and the two largest human-made lakes east of the Mississippi River.", "Kentucky __knowledge__ Kentucky is also known for horse racing, bourbon distilleries, moonshine, coal, the historic site My Old Kentucky Home, automobile manufacturing, tobacco, bluegrass music, college basketball, and Kentucky Fried Chicken." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Kentucky __knowledge__ Kentucky (, ), officially the Commonwealth of Kentucky, is a state located in the east south-central region of the United States.", "Kentucky __knowledge__ Although styled as the \"State of Kentucky\" in the law creating it, Kentucky is one of four U.S. states constituted as a commonwealth (the others being Virginia, Pennsylvania, and Massachusetts).", "Kentucky __knowledge__ Originally a part of Virginia, in 1792 Kentucky became the 15th state to join the Union.", "Kentucky __knowledge__ Kentucky is the 37th most extensive and the 26th most populous of the 50 United States.", "Kentucky __knowledge__ Kentucky is known as the \"Bluegrass State\", a nickname based on the bluegrass found in many of its pastures due to the fertile soil.", "Kentucky __knowledge__ One of the major regions in Kentucky is the Bluegrass Region in central Kentucky, which houses two of its major cities, Louisville and Lexington.", "Kentucky __knowledge__ It is a land with diverse environments and abundant resources, including the world's longest cave system, Mammoth Cave National Park, the greatest length of navigable waterways and streams in the contiguous United States, and the two largest human-made lakes east of the Mississippi River.", "Kentucky __knowledge__ Kentucky is also known for horse racing, bourbon distilleries, moonshine, coal, the historic site My Old Kentucky Home, automobile manufacturing, tobacco, bluegrass music, college basketball, and Kentucky Fried Chicken.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ Red Hot Chili Peppers are an American funk rock band formed in Los Angeles in 1983.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ The group's musical style primarily consists of rock with an emphasis on funk, as well as elements from other genres such as punk rock and psychedelic rock.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ When played live, their music incorporates elements of jam band due to the improvised nature of many of their performances.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ Currently, the band consists of founding members vocalist/rhythm guitarist Anthony Kiedis and bassist Flea, longtime drummer Chad Smith, and former touring guitarist Josh Klinghoffer.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ Red Hot Chili Peppers are one of the best-selling bands of all time with over 80 million records sold worldwide, have been nominated for sixteen Grammy Awards, of which they have won six, and are the most successful band in alternative rock radio history, currently holding the records for most number-one singles (13), most cumulative weeks at number one (85) and most top-ten songs (25) on the \"Billboard\" Alternative Songs chart.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The 2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team (variously \"Alabama\", \"UA\", \"Bama\" or \"The Tide\") represented the University of Alabama in the 2011 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ It was the Crimson Tide's 117th overall and 78th season as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and its 20th within the SEC Western Division.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The team was led by head coach Nick Saban, in his fifth year, and played their home games at Bryant–Denny Stadium in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ They finished the season with a record of twelve wins and one loss (12–1 overall, 7–1 in the SEC) and as consensus national champions.", "DONT __knowledge__ In the card game contract bridge, DONT is a conventional overcall used to interfere with an opponent's one notrump (1NT) opening bid.", "DONT __knowledge__ DONT, an acronym for Disturb Opponents' Notrump, was designed by Marty Bergen, and is therefore also referred to as \"Bergen over Notrump\".", "DONT __knowledge__ Although the method is often criticized for being too nebulous, it remains fairly popular.", "DONT __knowledge__ The convention was first published in the September/October 1989 issue of \"Bridge Today\".", "DONT __knowledge__ In DONT, the two-level overcalls of trump show a two suiter of the suit bid and an unspecified higher-ranking suit.", "DONT __knowledge__ The feature distinguishing DONT from other similar conventions such as Cappelletti is the use of the double to show length in one suit, rather than hand strength or for .", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ Bob Dylan (; born Robert Allen Zimmerman, May 24, 1941) is an American singer-songwriter, author, and painter, who has been an influential figure in popular music and culture for more than five decades.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ Much of his most celebrated work dates from the 1960s, when he became a reluctant \"voice of a generation\" with songs such as \"Blowin' in the Wind\" and \"The Times They Are a-Changin'\" that became anthems for the Civil Rights Movement and anti-war movement.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ In 1965, he controversially abandoned his early fan-base in the American folk music revival, recording a six-minute single, \"Like a Rolling Stone\", which enlarged the scope of popular music.", "French pronouns __knowledge__ French pronouns are inflected to indicate their role in the sentence (subject, direct object, and so on), as well as to reflect the person, gender, and number of their referents.", "French pronouns __knowledge__ French has a complex system of personal pronouns (analogous to English \"I\", \"we\", \"they\", and so on).", "French pronouns __knowledge__ When compared to English, the particularities of French personal pronouns include: Possessive pronouns refer to an object (or person) by identifying its possessor.", "French pronouns __knowledge__ They lexically indicate the person and number of the possessor, and like other pronouns they are inflected to indicate the gender and number of their referent.", "Two Futures Project __knowledge__ The Two Futures Project (2FP) is a movement made up of American Christians who support and work towards the abolition of all nuclear weapons.", "Two Futures Project __knowledge__ This organization believes that human beings face two futures and one choice: a world without nuclear weapons or a world ruined by them.", "Two Futures Project __knowledge__ 2FP is supportive of concrete and practical steps to reduce nuclear dangers immediately, while pursuing the multilateral, global, irreversible, and verifiable elimination of nuclear weapons, as a biblically-grounded mandate and as a contemporary security imperative.", "Two Futures Project __knowledge__ In order to make these changes in the world they are using a strategy based around the creation of a non-partisan, conscience-driven, enduring majority of Americans who are committed to a nuclear weapons-free world.", "Telecommunications device for the deaf __knowledge__ A telecommunications device for the deaf (TDD) is a teleprinter, an electronic device for text communication over a telephone line, that is designed for use by persons with hearing or speech difficulties.", "Telecommunications device for the deaf __knowledge__ Other names for the device include teletypewriter (TTY), textphone (common in Europe), and minicom (United Kingdom).", "Telecommunications device for the deaf __knowledge__ The typical TDD is a device about the size of a typewriter or laptop computer with a QWERTY keyboard and small screen that uses an LED, LCD, or VFD screen to display typed text electronically.", "Telecommunications device for the deaf __knowledge__ In addition, TDDs commonly have a small spool of paper on which text is also printedold versions of the device had only a printer and no screen.", "Richie Farmer __knowledge__ Richard Dwight \"Richie\" Farmer (born August 25, 1969) is an American former collegiate basketball player and Republican Party politician from the U.S. state of Kentucky.", "Richie Farmer __knowledge__ He served as the Kentucky Agriculture Commissioner from 2004 to 2012 and was the running mate of David L. Williams in the 2011 gubernatorial election.", "Richie Farmer __knowledge__ After leaving office, Farmer was investigated for violating state campaign finance laws and misappropriating state resources and was sentenced to 27 months in federal prison along with a concurrent 12 months in state prison.", "Richie Farmer __knowledge__ A point guard, Farmer led Clay County High School to the 1987 Kentucky High School Athletic Association (KHSAA) State Basketball Championship and, in 1988, was named Kentucky Mr. Basketball and Kentucky Associated Press Male High School Athlete of the Year after setting a championship game record with 51 points in a losing effort.", "Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball __knowledge__ The Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team is an American college basketball team that represents the University of Kentucky.", "Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball __knowledge__ Kentucky is the most successful NCAA Division I basketball program in history in terms of both all-time wins (2,237) and all-time winning percentage (.765).", "Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball __knowledge__ The Wildcats are currently coached by John Calipari.", "Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball __knowledge__ Kentucky leads all schools in total NCAA tournament appearances (56), NCAA tournament wins (124), NCAA Tournament games played (174), NCAA Sweet Sixteen appearances (42), NCAA Elite Eight appearances (37), and total postseason tournament appearances (64).", "Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball __knowledge__ Further, Kentucky has played in 17 NCAA Final Fours (tied for 2nd place all-time with UCLA), 12 NCAA Championship games, and has won 8 NCAA championships (second only to UCLA's 11).", "History of Kentucky __knowledge__ The prehistory and history of Kentucky spans thousands of years, and has been influenced by the state's diverse geography and central location.", "History of Kentucky __knowledge__ It is not known exactly when the first humans arrived in what is now Kentucky.", "History of Kentucky __knowledge__ Around 1,800 BCE, a gradual transition began from a hunter-gatherer economy to agriculturalism.", "History of Kentucky __knowledge__ Around 900 CE, a Mississippian culture took root in western and central Kentucky; by contrast, a Fort Ancient culture appeared in eastern Kentucky.", "History of Kentucky __knowledge__ While the two had many similarities, the distinctive ceremonial mounds of the former were absent in the latter.", "History of Kentucky __knowledge__ The first permanent European settlement, Harrod's Town, was established in 1774.", "2014–15 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team __knowledge__ The 2014–15 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team represented the University of Kentucky in the 2014–15 college basketball season.", "2014–15 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team __knowledge__ The team played its home games in Lexington, Kentucky, United States for the 39th consecutive season at Rupp Arena, with a capacity of 23,500.", "2014–15 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team __knowledge__ The team was led by sixth-year head coach John Calipari.", "2014–15 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team __knowledge__ The team was a National Semifinalist in the NCAA Tournament, competing in the school's 17th Final Four.", "2014–15 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team __knowledge__ It was Calipari's fourth Final Four appearance at Kentucky.", "2014–15 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team __knowledge__ The team finished the regular season with a perfect 31–0 record, the best start in school history.", "2014–15 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team __knowledge__ Their 38 wins is tied with the 2012 Kentucky team for the most in men's Division I history.", "John C. Breckinridge __knowledge__ John Cabell Breckinridge (January 16, 1821 – May 17, 1875) was an American lawyer, politician, and soldier.", "John C. Breckinridge __knowledge__ He represented Kentucky in both houses of Congress and became the 14th and youngest-ever Vice President of the United States, serving from 1857 to 1861.", "John C. Breckinridge __knowledge__ He served in the U.S. Senate during the outbreak of the American Civil War, but was expelled after joining the Confederate Army.", "John C. Breckinridge __knowledge__ He was appointed Confederate Secretary of War in 1865.", "John C. Breckinridge __knowledge__ Breckinridge was born near Lexington, Kentucky to a prominent local family.", "John C. Breckinridge __knowledge__ After non-combat service during the Mexican–American War, he was elected as a Democrat to the Kentucky House of Representatives in 1849, where he took a states' rights position against interference with slavery.", "2015–16 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team __knowledge__ The 2015–16 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team represented the University of Kentucky in the 2015–16 NCAA Division I men's basketball season.", "2015–16 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team __knowledge__ The team played its home games in Lexington, Kentucky for the 40th consecutive season at Rupp Arena, with a capacity of 23,500.", "2015–16 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team __knowledge__ The team was led by John Calipari, in his seventh season.", "2015–16 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team __knowledge__ They were a member of the Southeastern Conference.", "2015–16 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team __knowledge__ They finished the season 27–9, 13–5 in SEC play to win a share of the SEC regular season championship.", "2015–16 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team __knowledge__ They defeated Alabama, Georgia, and Texas A&M to be champions of the SEC Tournament.", "2015–16 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team __knowledge__ They received the conference's automatic bid to the NCAA Tournament where they defeated Stony Brook in the first round to advance to the second round where they lost to Indiana." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Kentucky __knowledge__ Kentucky (, ), officially the Commonwealth of Kentucky, is a state located in the east south-central region of the United States.", "Kentucky __knowledge__ Although styled as the \"State of Kentucky\" in the law creating it, Kentucky is one of four U.S. states constituted as a commonwealth (the others being Virginia, Pennsylvania, and Massachusetts).", "Kentucky __knowledge__ Originally a part of Virginia, in 1792 Kentucky became the 15th state to join the Union.", "Kentucky __knowledge__ Kentucky is the 37th most extensive and the 26th most populous of the 50 United States.", "Kentucky __knowledge__ Kentucky is known as the \"Bluegrass State\", a nickname based on the bluegrass found in many of its pastures due to the fertile soil.", "Kentucky __knowledge__ One of the major regions in Kentucky is the Bluegrass Region in central Kentucky, which houses two of its major cities, Louisville and Lexington.", "Kentucky __knowledge__ It is a land with diverse environments and abundant resources, including the world's longest cave system, Mammoth Cave National Park, the greatest length of navigable waterways and streams in the contiguous United States, and the two largest human-made lakes east of the Mississippi River.", "Kentucky __knowledge__ Kentucky is also known for horse racing, bourbon distilleries, moonshine, coal, the historic site My Old Kentucky Home, automobile manufacturing, tobacco, bluegrass music, college basketball, and Kentucky Fried Chicken.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Yea ( ) is a town in Victoria, Australia north-east of Melbourne at the junction of the Goulburn Valley Highway and the Melba Highway, in the Shire of Murrindindi local government area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ In an area originally inhabited by the Taungurong people, it was first visited by Europeans of the Hume and Hovell expedition in 1824, and within 15 years most of the land in the area had been taken up by graziers.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Surveyed in 1855, the township grew as a service centre for grazing, gold-mining and timber-getting in the area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ The town has had a fairly stable population (around 1,100) since 1900, though it now has a relatively old population.", "1964 South Vietnamese coup __knowledge__ Before dawn on January 30, 1964, General Nguyễn Khánh ousted the military junta led by General Dương Văn Minh from the leadership of South Vietnam without firing a shot.", "1964 South Vietnamese coup __knowledge__ It came less than three months after Minh's junta had themselves come to power in a bloody coup against then President Ngô Đình Diệm.", "1964 South Vietnamese coup __knowledge__ The coup was bloodless and took less than a few hours—after power had been seized Minh's aide and bodyguard, Major Nguyễn Văn Nhung was arrested and summarily executed.", "1964 South Vietnamese coup __knowledge__ Distrusted by his colleagues because of his tendency to change sides and his reputation as an intriguer, Khánh was assigned to I Corps in the far north of the country after Diệm's overthrow to keep him away from the capital Saigon.", "Mỹ Tho __knowledge__ Mỹ Tho () is the capital city, center of economics, education and technology of Tiền Giang Province, located in the Mekong Delta region of South Vietnam.", "Mỹ Tho __knowledge__ It has a population of approximately 169,000 in 2006 and 220,000 in 2012.", "Mỹ Tho __knowledge__ The majority ethnic group is the Kinh, and some of the Chinese, the Cham and the Khmer.", "Mỹ Tho __knowledge__ Boat rides on the Mỹ Tho River are popular with tourists, and the city is known for \"hủ tiếu Mỹ Tho\", a type of soup.", "Mỹ Tho __knowledge__ Mỹ Tho was founded in the 1680s by Chinese refugees fleeing China, when the entire country became a colony of the Manchu-led Qing Empire in 1683.", "Mỹ Tho __knowledge__ The area, at the time, was once part of the former Khmer Empire and it was annexed to Vietnam in the 18th century.", "Fakenham __knowledge__ Fakenham is a market town and civil parish in Norfolk, England.", "Fakenham __knowledge__ It is situated on the River Wensum, about north east of King's Lynn, south west of Cromer, and north west of Norwich.", "Fakenham __knowledge__ The civil parish has an area of and in the 2001 census had a population of 7,357 in 3,292 households, the population increasing to 7,617 at the 2011 census.", "Fakenham __knowledge__ For the purposes of local government, the parish falls within the district of North Norfolk.", "Fakenham __knowledge__ The name \"Fakenham\" is Saxon, possibly meaning \"Fair Place\"/\"Place on a Fair River\", or Hamlet (Ham) on the river (Ken) Fa/Fair (Fa).", "Fakenham __knowledge__ In 1086 (Domesday Book) Fakenham had only 150 residents.", "Edwin Boring __knowledge__ Edwin Garrigues (Gary) Boring (23 October 1886 – 1 July 1968) was an American experimental psychologist, Professor of Psychology at Clark University and at Harvard University, who later became one of the first historians of psychology.", "Edwin Boring __knowledge__ A \"Review of General Psychology\" survey, published in 2002, ranked Boring as the 93rd most cited psychologist of the 20th century, tied with John Dewey, Amos Tversky, and Wilhelm Wundt.", "Edwin Boring __knowledge__ Boring was born on October 23, 1886 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and grew up in a Quaker family interested in science.", "Edwin Boring __knowledge__ His elder sister was the zoologist, Alice Middleton Boring.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Lacy Walter Giles Yea (20 May 1808 – 18 June 1855) was a British Army colonel, known for his role in the Crimean War, where he was killed in action.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Born in Park Row, Bristol, on 20 May 1808, he was eldest son of Sir William Walter Yea, second baronet, of Pyrland, near Taunton, Somerset, who married, on 24 June 1805, Anne Heckstetter (d. 1846), youngest daughter of Colonel David Michel of Dulish House, Dorset.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Lacy Yea was educated at Eton College.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ He was commissioned as ensign in the 37th foot on 6 October 1825, obtained an unattached lieutenancy on 19 December 1826, was appointed to the 5th Foot on 13 March 1827, and exchanged to the 7th (Royal Fusiliers) on 13 March 1828.", "History of Idar __knowledge__ Idar is a historical town in Sabarkantha district of north Gujarat, India.", "History of Idar __knowledge__ Recorded in epic history and ruled by Bhils and descendants of Maitraka of Vallabhi, its history traced back to the 7th century.", "History of Idar __knowledge__ The region was ruled by Rajput clans.", "History of Idar __knowledge__ Initially Parihar Rajput refounded Idar and ruled until its chief died in the second battle of Tarain in 1192.", "History of Idar __knowledge__ Idar then fell into the hands of a Koli named Hathi Sora who was succeeded by his son Samalio.", "History of Idar __knowledge__ The latter was killed by a Rathod prince named Sonangji, who occupied Idar, and became the founder of the dynasty of the Raos who ruled there for several generations.", "Obesity in the United States __knowledge__ Obesity in the United States has been increasingly cited as a major health issue in recent decades, resulting in diseases such as coronary heart disease that lead to mortality.", "Obesity in the United States __knowledge__ While many industrialized countries have experienced similar increases, obesity rates in the United States are the highest in the world.", "Obesity in the United States __knowledge__ Obesity has continued to grow within the United States.", "Obesity in the United States __knowledge__ Two of every three American men are considered to be overweight or obese, but the rates for women are far higher.", "Obesity in the United States __knowledge__ The United States contains one of the highest percentage of obese people in the world.", "Obesity in the United States __knowledge__ An obese person in America incurs an average of $1,429 more in medical expenses annually.", "East South Central states __knowledge__ The East South Central states constitute one of the nine Census Bureau Divisions of the United States.", "East South Central states __knowledge__ Four states make up the division: Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee.", "East South Central states __knowledge__ The division is one of three that together make up the larger Census Bureau Region known as the South (the other two of which are the South Atlantic states and the West South Central states).", "East South Central states __knowledge__ The East South Central States form the core of Old Dixie, one of the nine \"moral regions\" identified by James Patterson and Peter Kim in their acclaimed 1991 geopolitical best-seller, \"The Day America Told The Truth\".", "East South Central states __knowledge__ As of 2010, the East South Central states had a combined population of 18,022,810.", "Clayoquot Sound Central Region Board __knowledge__ The Clayoquot Sound Central Region Board (CRB) was created as a result of the historic two-year Interim Measures Agreement (IMA) in 1994.", "Clayoquot Sound Central Region Board __knowledge__ This agreement acknowledged that “the Ha’wiih (Hereditary Chiefs) of the First Nations have the responsibility to conserve and protect their traditional territories and waters for generations which will follow”.", "Clayoquot Sound Central Region Board __knowledge__ The IMA was a negotiated agreement between the Central Region Chiefs (CRC) and the Province of British Columbia to define the terms of co-management of land and resource use and operations during treaty negotiations.", "Clayoquot Sound Central Region Board __knowledge__ The IMA was extended twice in April 1996 and March 2000 to become the Interim Measures Extension Agreement: A Bridge to Treaty dated on March 28, 2000.", "Christian fundamentalism __knowledge__ Christian fundamentalism began in the late 19th and early 20th centuries among British and American Protestants as a reaction to theological liberalism and cultural modernism.", "Christian fundamentalism __knowledge__ Fundamentalists argued that 19th-century modernist theologians had misinterpreted or rejected certain doctrines, especially biblical inerrancy, that they viewed as the fundamentals of the Christian faith.", "Christian fundamentalism __knowledge__ Fundamentalists are almost always described as having a literal interpretation of the Bible.", "Christian fundamentalism __knowledge__ A few scholars regard Catholics who reject modern theology in favor of more traditional doctrines as fundamentalists.", "Christian fundamentalism __knowledge__ Scholars debate how much the terms \"evangelical\" and \"fundamentalist\" are synonymous.", "Pennsylvania __knowledge__ Pennsylvania (; Pennsylvania German: \"Pennsylvaani\" or \"Pennsilfaani\"), officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a state located in the northeastern and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States.", "Pennsylvania __knowledge__ The Appalachian Mountains run through its middle.", "Pennsylvania __knowledge__ The Commonwealth is bordered by Delaware to the southeast, Maryland to the south, West Virginia to the southwest, Ohio to the west, Lake Erie and the Canadian province of Ontario to the northwest, New York to the north, and New Jersey to the east.", "Pennsylvania __knowledge__ Pennsylvania is the 33rd-largest, the 5th-most populous, and the 9th-most densely populated of the 50 United States.", "Central Region (Ghana) __knowledge__ The Central Region is one of the ten administrative regions of Ghana.", "Central Region (Ghana) __knowledge__ It is bordered by Ashanti and Eastern regions to the north, Western region to the west, Greater Accra region to the east, and to the south by the Gulf of Guinea.", "Central Region (Ghana) __knowledge__ The Central region is renowned for its many elite higher education institutions and an economy based on an abundance of industrial minerals and tourism.", "Central Region (Ghana) __knowledge__ The Central region attains many tourist attractions such castles, forts and beaches stretched along the Central region's coastline.", "Central Region (Ghana) __knowledge__ The Central Region is a hub of education, with some of the best schools in the country." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 2 ]

[ "Have you ever been to the state of Kentucky before?", "I have! It is located in the east south-central region of the US.", "I can see what you mean. Kentucky is one of the few states constituted as a commonwealth." ]

[ "Kentucky", "Kentucky", "Kentucky" ]

[ "Badminton\nI like playing Badminton but I dont know a lot about it.", "Yeah I wonder who invented the sport?", "I had no idea! Do you know what year it started in?", "That is really neat I had no idea their was so much information about badminton out there" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Badminton __knowledge__ Badminton is a racquet sport played using racquets to hit a shuttlecock across a net.", "Badminton __knowledge__ Although it may be played with larger teams, the most common forms of the game are \"singles\" (with one player per side) and \"doubles\" (with two players per side).", "Badminton __knowledge__ Badminton is often played as a casual outdoor activity in a yard or on a beach; formal games are played on a rectangular indoor court.", "Badminton __knowledge__ Points are scored by striking the shuttlecock with the racquet and landing it within the opposing side's half of the court.", "Badminton __knowledge__ Each side may only strike the shuttlecock once before it passes over the net.", "Badminton __knowledge__ Play ends once the shuttlecock has struck the floor or if a fault has been called by the umpire, service judge, or (in their absence) the opposing side.", "Badminton __knowledge__ The shuttlecock is a feathered or (in informal matches) plastic projectile which flies differently from the balls used in many other sports.", "Badminton __knowledge__ In particular, the feathers create much higher drag, causing the shuttlecock to decelerate more rapidly.", "Badminton __knowledge__ Shuttlecocks also have a high top speed compared to the balls in other racquet sports.", "Badminton __knowledge__ The flight of the shuttlecock gives the sport its distinctive nature.", "Badminton __knowledge__ The game developed in British India from the earlier game of battledore and shuttlecock.", "Jwala Gutta __knowledge__ Jwala Gutta (born 7 September 1983) is a left-handed Indian badminton player.", "Jwala Gutta __knowledge__ Born in Wardha to an Indian father and Chinese mother, she began playing badminton at a young age.", "Jwala Gutta __knowledge__ She is India's most successful doubles specialist, and has won the National Badminton Championships fourteen times.", "Jwala Gutta __knowledge__ Having represented India at the international circuit since the late 1990s till 2017, partnering Shruti Kurien earlier in her career, Gutta found greater international success with Ashwini Ponnappa.", "Jwala Gutta __knowledge__ The pair consistently figured among the top-twenty in the BWF World Ranking reaching as high as no.", "Jwala Gutta __knowledge__ 10 in 2015.", "Peter Rasmussen (badminton) __knowledge__ Peter Rasmussen (born 2 August 1974) is a Danish badminton player.", "Peter Rasmussen (badminton) __knowledge__ A former World Champion and European Champion, Rasmussen ranks among the best Danish badminton players of all time.", "Peter Rasmussen (badminton) __knowledge__ The crowning achievement of his career was winning the Men's Singles at the 1997 IBF World Championships in Glasgow, Scotland.", "Peter Rasmussen (badminton) __knowledge__ It was the first time a Dane and a non- Asian player captured that title since Flemming Delfs won at the first-ever IBF World Championships held in Sweden in 1977.", "Peter Rasmussen (badminton) __knowledge__ The \"Men's Finals in 1997\" is regarded as one of the best badminton matches played ever because of both the duration and quality of the match.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The 2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team (variously \"Alabama\", \"UA\", \"Bama\" or \"The Tide\") represented the University of Alabama in the 2011 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ It was the Crimson Tide's 117th overall and 78th season as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and its 20th within the SEC Western Division.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The team was led by head coach Nick Saban, in his fifth year, and played their home games at Bryant–Denny Stadium in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ They finished the season with a record of twelve wins and one loss (12–1 overall, 7–1 in the SEC) and as consensus national champions.", "Tai Tzu-ying __knowledge__ Tai Tzu-ying (; born on 20 June 1994) is a badminton player from Taiwan.", "Tai Tzu-ying __knowledge__ In 2011, she won the title of Taiwanese ranking competition when she was only 16 years and 6 months old, becoming the youngest  1 in Taiwanese badminton history.", "Tai Tzu-ying __knowledge__ She became world No.", "Tai Tzu-ying __knowledge__ 1 in women's singles in December 2016, and has ranked No.", "Tai Tzu-ying __knowledge__ 1 for 52 continuous weeks since then.", "Tai Tzu-ying __knowledge__ Tai was the finalist at the 2010 Singapore Super Series.", "Tai Tzu-ying __knowledge__ She won her first international title at the 2011 US Open Grand Prix Gold at the age of 17.", "Tai Tzu-ying __knowledge__ She won her biggest titles at the Superseries Finals in 2014 and 2016, and won the Superseries Premiere event, Indonesia Open in 2016.", "Kate Foo Kune __knowledge__ Kate Foo Kune (born 29 March 1993) is a badminton player from Mauritius.", "Kate Foo Kune __knowledge__ She began playing badminton in Mauritius at age six.", "Kate Foo Kune __knowledge__ Her first major tournament participation was 2013 BWF World Championships in China, where she lost in the first round of women's singles to Sarah Walker of England.", "Kate Foo Kune __knowledge__ Foo Kune represented her country at the 2016 Summer Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.", "Kate Foo Kune __knowledge__ She was the flagbearer for Mauritius during the Parade of Nations.", "Kate Foo Kune __knowledge__ As a junior player, she won the Under-15 and Under-19 African tournaments.", "Kate Foo Kune __knowledge__ She was awarded the Sportswoman of the year in 2015 in Mauritius.", "Kate Foo Kune __knowledge__ In doubles, she partnered with Yeldy Marie Louison, while in mixed doubles, she partnered with Georges Julien Paul.", "Romeo Miller __knowledge__ Percy Romeo Miller, Jr. (born August 19, 1989), better known by his stage name Maserati Rome or simply Rome (formerly Lil' Romeo and Romeo) or his acting/business name Romeo Miller, is an American rapper, actor, basketball player, entrepreneur, and model.", "Romeo Miller __knowledge__ Miller is the son of hip hop artist Master P. Miller has founded the record labels Guttar Music, Take A Stand, The Next Generation and his current label No Limit Forever.", "Romeo Miller __knowledge__ Miller gained fame in the early 2000s after signing with No Limit Records, his father's label at the time, with the help of his debut single \"My Baby\" which went on to be certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).", "Markus Haris Maulana __knowledge__ Markus Haris Maulana or Muhammad Haris Maulana (born Markus Horison Ririhina on 14 March 1981 in Pangkalan Brandan, North Sumatra) is an Indonesian footballer who currently plays for Assalam FC in Liga Futebol Amadora.", "Markus Haris Maulana __knowledge__ He is a goalkeeper and he stands 183 cm.", "Markus Haris Maulana __knowledge__ He was the main goalkeeper of the Indonesia national football team.", "Markus Haris Maulana __knowledge__ His debut in the Senior National Team Squad came in a friendly match Indonesia against Hongkong on 1 June 2007, which Indonesia won the match 3–0.", "Markus Haris Maulana __knowledge__ He played one time in Asian Cup 2007 for Indonesia's match against South Korea on 18 July 2007.", "Markus Haris Maulana __knowledge__ Indonesia lost 0–1 in this game." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Badminton __knowledge__ Badminton is a racquet sport played using racquets to hit a shuttlecock across a net.", "Badminton __knowledge__ Although it may be played with larger teams, the most common forms of the game are \"singles\" (with one player per side) and \"doubles\" (with two players per side).", "Badminton __knowledge__ Badminton is often played as a casual outdoor activity in a yard or on a beach; formal games are played on a rectangular indoor court.", "Badminton __knowledge__ Points are scored by striking the shuttlecock with the racquet and landing it within the opposing side's half of the court.", "Badminton __knowledge__ Each side may only strike the shuttlecock once before it passes over the net.", "Badminton __knowledge__ Play ends once the shuttlecock has struck the floor or if a fault has been called by the umpire, service judge, or (in their absence) the opposing side.", "Badminton __knowledge__ The shuttlecock is a feathered or (in informal matches) plastic projectile which flies differently from the balls used in many other sports.", "Badminton __knowledge__ In particular, the feathers create much higher drag, causing the shuttlecock to decelerate more rapidly.", "Badminton __knowledge__ Shuttlecocks also have a high top speed compared to the balls in other racquet sports.", "Badminton __knowledge__ The flight of the shuttlecock gives the sport its distinctive nature.", "Badminton __knowledge__ The game developed in British India from the earlier game of battledore and shuttlecock.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ Usher Raymond IV (born October 14, 1978), is an American singer, songwriter, dancer and actor.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He was born in Dallas, Texas, but raised in Chattanooga, Tennessee until moving to Atlanta, Georgia.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ At the age of 12, his mother put him in local singing competitions, before catching the attention of a music A&R from LaFace Records.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ In 1994, he released his self-titled debut album, \"Usher\".", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He rose to fame in the late 1990s with the release of his second album \"My Way\" (1997), which spawned his first U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 number-one single, \"Nice & Slow\", amongst top-two singles \"You Make Me Wanna...\" and \"My Way\".", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ Wonder Woman is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character is a founding member of the Justice League, goddess, and Ambassador-at-Large of the Amazon people.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character first appeared in \"All Star Comics\" #8 in October 1941 and first cover-dated on \"Sensation Comics\" #1, January 1942.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ In her homeland, the island nation of Themyscira, her official title is Princess Diana of Themyscira, Daughter of Hippolyta.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ When blending into the society outside of her homeland, she adopts her civilian identity Diana Prince.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character is also referred to by such epithets as the \"Amazing Amazon\", the \"Spirit of Truth\", \"Themyscira's Champion\", the \"God-killer\", and the \"Goddess of Love and War\".", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ is a song by American singer Usher.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ He co-wrote the song with Sean Garrett, Patrick J. Que Smith, Robert McDowell, LRoc, Ludacris, Da'Ron, and Lil Jon.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ It also features guest vocals from Lil Jon and Ludacris, with the former also producing the song as well as incorporating crunk and R&B—which he coined as crunk&B—in the song's production.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was released as the lead single from Usher's fourth studio album \"Confessions\" (2004) on January 27, 2004, after Usher was told by Arista Records, his label at the time, to record more tracks for the album.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ topped the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart for 12 consecutive weeks, before being dethroned by Usher's follow-up single \"Burn\".", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ Yeah Yeah Yeahs is an American indie rock band formed in New York City in 2000.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ The group is composed of vocalist and pianist Karen O, guitarist and keyboardist Nick Zinner, and drummer Brian Chase.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ They are complemented in live performances by second guitarist David Pajo, who joined as a touring member in 2009 and replaced Imaad Wasif who had previously held this role.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ According to an interview that aired during the ABC network's \"Live from Central Park SummerStage\" series, the band's name was taken from modern New York City vernacular.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ The band has recorded four studio albums; the first, \"Fever to Tell\", was released in 2003.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ TRL's Number Ones is the collection of music videos that had reached the number-one spot on the daily music video countdown show \"Total Request Live\" which aired on MTV from 1998 to 2008.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ Usually the same video will stay on the number-one spot for a series of weeks but after a certain period it will be retired or honorably discharged from the countdown and be put into the hall of fame.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ The music video is usually determined various ways such as voting online on MTV.com, the \"Billboard\" charts, ratings on the radio and downloads over the internet.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ January 2: \"Lose Yourself\" - Eminem January 3: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 6: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 7: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 8: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 9: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 10: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 13: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 14: \"All I Have\" - Jennifer Lopez featuring LL Cool J January 15: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 16: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 17: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 22: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 23: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 24: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 28: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 29: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 30: \"Bump, Bump, Bump\" - B2K featuring P. Diddy January 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 3: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 4: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 7: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 10: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 11: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 12: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 14: Valentine's Day Special #1 Video: \"Why I Love You\" - B2K February 17: TRL Awards #1 Video: \"Larger Than Life\" - Backstreet Boys February 18: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 19: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 20: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 21: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 24: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 25: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 26: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake February 27: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 28: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 3: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 4: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 7: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 10: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 11: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 12: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 14: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 17: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 18: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 19: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 20: Coverage on the war in Iraq March 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 24: \"The Hell Song\" - Sum 41 March 25: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 26: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 1: \"Girlfriend\" - B2K April 2: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 3: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 4: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 7: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 8: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 9: \"Addicted\" - Simple Plan April 10: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 11: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 15: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 16: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 17: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 18: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 22: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 23: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 24: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 25: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 28: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 29: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 30: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 1: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 2: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 5: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 6: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 7: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 8: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 9: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 12: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 13: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 15: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 16: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 19: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 20: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 22: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 26: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 27: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 28: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 29: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 30: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 2: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 3: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 4: \"Rock Wit U\" - Ashanti June 5: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 9: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 10: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 11: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 12: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 16: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 17: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 18: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 19: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 23: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 24: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 25: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 26: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 30: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 1: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 2: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 3: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 7: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 8: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 9: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 10: Dynamic Duos #1 Video: \"Girlfriend ( Remix )\"- 'N Sync featuring Nelly July 11: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 14: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 15: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 16: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 17: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 18: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 21: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 22: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 23: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 24: Funniest Video #1 Video: \"Without Me\" - Eminem July 25: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 28: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 29: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 30: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 31: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 1: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 4: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 5: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 6: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 7: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 8: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 11: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 12: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 13: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 14: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 15: August 18: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 19: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 20: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 21: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 26: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 27: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy August 28: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 29: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 2: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 3: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 4: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 5: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 8: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 9: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 10: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 11: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 12: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 15: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 17: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 18: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 19: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 23: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 24: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 25: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 26: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 29: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 30: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 1: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 2: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 3: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell October 6: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 7: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul October 8: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 9: \"Perfect\" - Simple Plan October 10: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 14: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 15: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 17: \"Trouble\" - P!nk October 18: \"Trouble\" - Pink October 21: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 23: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 27: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 28: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 29: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 30: \"Will You\" - P. O. D. October 31: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 3: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 4: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 5: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 6: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 7: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 11: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 12: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 13: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 14: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 17: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 18: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 19: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 20: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 24: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 25: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 1: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 2: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 3: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 4: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 5: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 8: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 11: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 16: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 17: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 18: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 19: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 22: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 23: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 29: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit December 30: Song Of The Year: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 5: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 6: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 7: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 8: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 13: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 14: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 16: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 19: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 21: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 22: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 26: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 27: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 28: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 29: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 30: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring Jason Weaver February 2: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 9: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 10: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 11: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 12: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 13: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte February 16: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 17: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 18: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 19: \"Sorry 2004\" - Ruben Studdard February 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 23: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 24: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 25: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon February 27: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 2: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 3: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 4: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 5: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 8: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears March 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 10: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 11: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 15: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 16: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 17: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 18: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 22: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 23: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 24: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 25: \"My Band\" - D12 March 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 29: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 30: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 31: \"My Band\" - D12 April 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 5: \"Naughty Girl\" - Beyoncé April 6: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 7: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 8: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 13: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 14: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 15: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 16: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 19: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 20: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 21: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 22: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 23: \"My Band\" - D12 April 26: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 27: \"My Band\" - D12 April 28: \"My Band\" - D12 April 29: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears May 3: \"My Band\" - D12 May 4: \"My Band\" - D12 May 5: \"My Band\" - D12 May 6: \"My Band\" - D12 May 7: \"My Band\" - D12 May 10: \"My Band\" - D12 May 11: \"My Band\" - D12 May 17: \"My Band\" - D12 May 18: \"Burn\" - Usher May 19: \"Burn\" - Usher May 20: \"Burn\" - Usher May 21: \"Burn\" - Usher May 24: \"My Band\" - D12 May 25: \"Burn\" - Usher May 26: \"Burn\" - Usher May 27: \"My Band\" - D12 May 28: \"My Band\" - D12 May 31: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 1: \"Burn\" - Usher June 2: \"Burn\" - Usher June 3: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 4: \"My Band\" - D12 June 7: \"My Band\" - D12 June 8: \"Burn\" - Usher June 9: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 10: Cross Country Countdown #1 Video: \"Forgot About Dre\" - Dr. Dre featuring Eminem June 11: \"Burn\" - Usher June 14: \"Burn\" - Usher June 15: \"How Come\" - D12 June 16: \"How Come\" - D12 June 17: \"How Come\" - D12 June 18: \"How Come\" - D12 June 21: \"How Come\" - D12 June 22: \"How Come\" - D12 June 23: \"Leave (Get Out)\" - JoJo June 24: \"How Come\" - D12 June 25: \"How Come\" - D12 June 28: \"Leave ( Get Out )\" - JoJo June 29: \"How Come\" - D12 June 30: \"Confessions Pt.", "Jianzi __knowledge__ Jianzi (), tī jianzi (踢毽子), tī jian (踢毽) or jianqiú (毽球), also known by other names, is a traditional Chinese national sport in which players aim to keep a heavily weighted shuttlecock in the air by using their bodies, apart from the hands, unlike in similar games peteca and indiaca.", "Jianzi __knowledge__ The primary source of jianzi is a Chinese ancient game called \"cuju\" of the Han dynasty 2000 years ago.", "Jianzi __knowledge__ Jianzi's competitive sport types are played on a badminton court using inner or outer lines in different types of jianzi's competitive sports, respectively.", "Jianzi __knowledge__ It can also be played artistically, among a circle of players in a street or park, with the objective to keep the shuttle 'up' and show off skills.", "Serve (tennis) __knowledge__ A serve (or, more formally, a service) in tennis is a shot to start a point.", "Serve (tennis) __knowledge__ A player will hit the ball with a racquet so it will fall into the diagonally opposite service box without being stopped by the net.", "Serve (tennis) __knowledge__ Normally players begin a serve by tossing the ball into the air and hitting it (usually near the highest point of the toss).", "Serve (tennis) __knowledge__ The ball can only touch the net on a return and will be considered good if it falls on the opposite side.", "Serve (tennis) __knowledge__ If the ball contacts the net on the serve but then proceeds to the proper service box, it is called a \"let\"; this is not a legal serve in the major tours (but see below) although it is also not a \"fault\".", "Table tennis __knowledge__ Table tennis, also known as ping pong, is a sport in which two or four players hit a lightweight ball back and forth across a table using small bats.", "Table tennis __knowledge__ The game takes place on a hard table divided by a net.", "Table tennis __knowledge__ Except for the initial serve, the rules are generally as follows: players must allow a ball played toward them to bounce one time on their side of the table, and must return it so that it bounces on the opposite side at least once.", "Table tennis __knowledge__ A point is scored when a player fails to return the ball within the rules.", "Table tennis __knowledge__ Play is fast and demands quick reactions.", "Table tennis __knowledge__ Spinning the ball alters its trajectory and limits an opponent's options, giving the hitter a great advantage.", "Racket (sports equipment) __knowledge__ A racket or racquet is a sports implement consisting of a handled frame with an open hoop across which a network of strings or catgut is stretched tightly.", "Racket (sports equipment) __knowledge__ It is used for striking a ball or shuttlecock in games such as squash, tennis, racquetball, and badminton.", "Racket (sports equipment) __knowledge__ Collectively, these games are known as racket sports.", "Racket (sports equipment) __knowledge__ This predecessor to the modern game of squash, rackets, is played with wooden rackets.", "Racket (sports equipment) __knowledge__ While squash equipment has evolved in the intervening century, rackets equipment has changed little.", "Racket (sports equipment) __knowledge__ The frame of rackets for all sports was traditionally made of laminated wood and the strings of animal intestine known as catgut.", "Tambourelli __knowledge__ Tambourelli is a court game invented in Galloway in Scotland in the 1970s.", "Tambourelli __knowledge__ It has since spread all over the world, with small communities of players running active clubs in England, Scotland, Germany, Japan and Sweden.", "Tambourelli __knowledge__ It shares many players, coaches and fans with Tamburello as well as Tambeach.", "Tambourelli __knowledge__ The fundamental aim is for players to stop the shuttlecock from landing within the court on their side of the net.", "Tambourelli __knowledge__ Players hit the shuttlecock with a bat similar to a tambour (like a tambourine without bells) or Irish bodhrán which has a strap along the outer edge and a section of moulded plastic on the inner edge, both for grip.", "Shuttlecock __knowledge__ A shuttlecock (also called a bird or birdie) is a high-drag projectile used in the sport of badminton.", "Shuttlecock __knowledge__ It has an open conical shape formed by feathers (or a synthetic alternative) embedded into a rounded cork (or rubber) base.", "Shuttlecock __knowledge__ The shuttlecock's shape makes it extremely aerodynamically stable.", "Shuttlecock __knowledge__ Regardless of initial orientation, it will turn to fly cork first, and remain in the cork-first orientation.", "Shuttlecock __knowledge__ The name 'shuttlecock' originates in Victorian times, when Badminton first became popular.", "Shuttlecock __knowledge__ It is frequently shortened to shuttle.", "Shuttlecock __knowledge__ The \"shuttle\" part of the name was probably derived from its back-and-forth motion during the game, resembling the shuttle of a loom, while the \"cock\" part of the name was probably derived from the resemblance of the feathers to those on a Rooster." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Badminton __knowledge__ Badminton is a racquet sport played using racquets to hit a shuttlecock across a net.", "Badminton __knowledge__ Although it may be played with larger teams, the most common forms of the game are \"singles\" (with one player per side) and \"doubles\" (with two players per side).", "Badminton __knowledge__ Badminton is often played as a casual outdoor activity in a yard or on a beach; formal games are played on a rectangular indoor court.", "Badminton __knowledge__ Points are scored by striking the shuttlecock with the racquet and landing it within the opposing side's half of the court.", "Badminton __knowledge__ Each side may only strike the shuttlecock once before it passes over the net.", "Badminton __knowledge__ Play ends once the shuttlecock has struck the floor or if a fault has been called by the umpire, service judge, or (in their absence) the opposing side.", "Badminton __knowledge__ The shuttlecock is a feathered or (in informal matches) plastic projectile which flies differently from the balls used in many other sports.", "Badminton __knowledge__ In particular, the feathers create much higher drag, causing the shuttlecock to decelerate more rapidly.", "Badminton __knowledge__ Shuttlecocks also have a high top speed compared to the balls in other racquet sports.", "Badminton __knowledge__ The flight of the shuttlecock gives the sport its distinctive nature.", "Badminton __knowledge__ The game developed in British India from the earlier game of battledore and shuttlecock.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "A Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge __knowledge__ A Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge (commonly called \"Treatise\" when referring to Berkeley's works) is a 1710 work, in English, by Anglo-Irish Empiricist philosopher George Berkeley.", "A Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge __knowledge__ This book largely seeks to refute the claims made by Berkeley's contemporary John Locke about the nature of human perception.", "A Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge __knowledge__ Whilst, like all the Empiricist philosophers, both Locke and Berkeley agreed that we are having experiences, regardless of whether material objects exist, Berkeley sought to prove that the outside world (the world which causes the ideas one has within one's mind) is also composed \"solely\" of ideas.", "Remember versus know judgements __knowledge__ There is evidence suggesting that different processes are involved in remembering something versus knowing whether it is familiar.", "Remember versus know judgements __knowledge__ It appears that \"remembering\" and \"knowing\" represent relatively different characteristics of memory as well as reflect different ways of using memory.", "Remember versus know judgements __knowledge__ To remember is the conscious \"recollection\" of many vivid contextual details, such as \"when\" and \"how\" the information was learned.", "Remember versus know judgements __knowledge__ Remembering utilizes episodic memory and requires a deeper level of processing (e.g.", "Remember versus know judgements __knowledge__ undivided attention) than knowing.", "Remember versus know judgements __knowledge__ Errors in recollection may be due to source-monitoring errors that prevent an individual from remembering where exactly a piece of information was received.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Joseph Jacques Jean Chrétien (born January 11, 1934), known commonly as Jean Chrétien (), is a Canadian politician who served as the 20th Prime Minister of Canada from November 4, 1993, to December 12, 2003.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Born and raised in Shawinigan, Quebec, Chrétien is a law graduate from Université Laval.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He was first elected to the Canadian House of Commons in 1963.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He served in various cabinet posts under prime minister Pierre Trudeau, most prominently as Minister of Justice, Minister of Finance, and Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He also served as deputy prime minister in John Turner's short-lived government.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics __knowledge__ Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics That Will Be Able to Present Itself as a Science () is a book by the German philosopher Immanuel Kant, published in 1783, two years after the first edition of his \"Critique of Pure Reason\".", "Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics __knowledge__ One of Kant's shorter works, it contains a summary of the \"Critique\"‘s main conclusions, sometimes by arguments Kant had not used in the \"Critique\".", "Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics __knowledge__ Kant characterizes his more accessible approach here as an \"analytic\" one, as opposed to the \"Critique\"‘s \"synthetic\" examination of successive faculties of the mind and their principles.", "Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics __knowledge__ The book is also intended as a polemic.", "British Raj __knowledge__ The British Raj (; from \"rāj\", literally, \"rule\" in Hindustani) was the rule by the British Crown in the Indian subcontinent between 1858 and 1947.", "British Raj __knowledge__ The rule is also called Crown rule in India, or direct rule in India.", "British Raj __knowledge__ The region under British control was commonly called India in contemporaneous usage, and included areas directly administered by the United Kingdom, which were collectively called British India, and those ruled by indigenous rulers, but under British tutelage or paramountcy, and called the princely states.", "British Raj __knowledge__ The \"de facto\" political amalgamation was also called the Indian Empire and after 1876 issued passports under that name.", "Partition of India __knowledge__ The Partition of India was the division of British India in 1947 which accompanied the creation of two independent dominions, India and Pakistan.", "Partition of India __knowledge__ The Dominion of India is today the Republic of India, and the Dominion of Pakistan is today the Islamic Republic of Pakistan and the People's Republic of Bangladesh.", "Partition of India __knowledge__ The \"partition\" involved the division of three provinces, Assam, Bengal and the Punjab, based on district-wide Hindu or Muslim majorities.", "Partition of India __knowledge__ The boundary demarcating India and Pakistan became known as the Radcliffe Line.", "Partition of India __knowledge__ It also involved the division of the British Indian Army, the Royal Indian Navy, the Indian Civil Service, the railways, and the central treasury, between the two new dominions.", "Madras Presidency __knowledge__ The Madras Presidency, or the Presidency of Fort St. George and also known as Madras Province, was an administrative subdivision (presidency) of British India.", "Madras Presidency __knowledge__ At its greatest extent, the presidency included most of southern India, including the whole of the Indian states of Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh and parts of Odisha, Kerala, Karnataka and the union territory of Lakshadweep .", "Madras Presidency __knowledge__ The city of Madras was the winter capital of the Presidency and Ootacamund or Ooty, the summer capital.", "Madras Presidency __knowledge__ The island of Ceylon was a part of Madras Presidency from 1793 to 1798 when it was created a Crown colony.", "Madras Presidency __knowledge__ In 1639, the English East India Company purchased the village of Madraspatnam and one year later it established the Agency of Fort St George, precursor of the Madras Presidency, although there had been Company factories at Machilipatnam and Armagon since the very early 1600s.", "Kutch Gurjar Kshatriyas contributions to the Indian railways __knowledge__ The Kutch Gurjar Kshatriyas (KGK) contributions to the Indian railways were widespread from the late 1850s to the latest reorganization of the Indian Railways infrastructure in 2003–2006.", "Kutch Gurjar Kshatriyas contributions to the Indian railways __knowledge__ The community also widely known as Mistris of Kutch (or Mistry) migrated from Kutch to perform the work and were involved in the laying down of railway tracks and construction of rail bridges in almost all railway routes of undivided British India.", "Kutch Gurjar Kshatriyas contributions to the Indian railways __knowledge__ The Mistris of Kutch or KGK are a small ethnic community numbering only 50,000 originating from their 19 villages in Kutch founded by them in the 11th century.", "Kutch Gurjar Kshatriyas contributions to the Indian railways __knowledge__ The names of these villages are Anjar, Chandiya, Devaliya, Galpadar, Hajapar, Jambudi, Khambhra, Khedoi, Kukma, Kumbharia Lovariya, Madhapar, Meghpar, Nagalpar, Nagor, Ratnal, Reha, Sinugra and Vidi.", "History of India __knowledge__ The history of India includes the prehistoric settlements and societies in the Indian subcontinent; the advancement of civilisation from the Indus Valley Civilisation to the eventual blending of the Indo-Aryan culture to form the Vedic Civilisation; the rise of Hinduism, Jainism and Buddhism; the onset of a succession of powerful dynasties and empires for more than three millennia throughout various geographic areas of the subcontinent, including the growth of Muslim dominions during the Medieval period intertwined with Hindu powers; the advent of European traders and privateers, resulting in the establishment of British India; and the subsequent independence movement that led to the Partition of India and the creation of the Republic of India.", "Indian independence movement __knowledge__ The Indian independence movement encompassed activities and ideas aiming to end the East India Company rule (1757–1857) and the British Indian Empire (1857–1947) in the Indian subcontinent.", "Indian independence movement __knowledge__ The movement spanned a total of 90 years (1857–1947).", "Indian independence movement __knowledge__ The very first organised militant movements were in Bengal, but they later took movement in the newly formed Indian National Congress with prominent moderate leaders seeking only their basic right to appear for Indian Civil Service (British India) examinations, as well as more rights, economic in nature, for the people of the soil.", "Indian independence movement __knowledge__ The early part of the 20th century saw a more radical approach towards political self-rule proposed by leaders such as the Lal, Bal, Pal and Aurobindo Ghosh, V. O. Chidambaram Pillai.", "Princely state __knowledge__ A princely state, also called native state (legally, under the British) or Indian state (for those states on the subcontinent), was a vassal state under a local or regional ruler in a subsidiary alliance with the British Raj.", "Princely state __knowledge__ Though the history of the princely states of the subcontinent dates from at least the classical period of Indian history, the predominant usage of the term \"princely state\" specifically refers to a semi-sovereign principality on the Indian subcontinent during the British Raj that was not directly governed by the British, but rather by a local ruler, subject to a form of indirect rule on some matters; similar political entities also existed on or in the region of the Arabian Peninsula, in Africa and in Malaya, and which were similarly recognised under British rule, subject to a subsidiary alliance and the suzerainty or paramountcy of the British Crown." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Badminton __knowledge__ Badminton is a racquet sport played using racquets to hit a shuttlecock across a net.", "Badminton __knowledge__ Although it may be played with larger teams, the most common forms of the game are \"singles\" (with one player per side) and \"doubles\" (with two players per side).", "Badminton __knowledge__ Badminton is often played as a casual outdoor activity in a yard or on a beach; formal games are played on a rectangular indoor court.", "Badminton __knowledge__ Points are scored by striking the shuttlecock with the racquet and landing it within the opposing side's half of the court.", "Badminton __knowledge__ Each side may only strike the shuttlecock once before it passes over the net.", "Badminton __knowledge__ Play ends once the shuttlecock has struck the floor or if a fault has been called by the umpire, service judge, or (in their absence) the opposing side.", "Badminton __knowledge__ The shuttlecock is a feathered or (in informal matches) plastic projectile which flies differently from the balls used in many other sports.", "Badminton __knowledge__ In particular, the feathers create much higher drag, causing the shuttlecock to decelerate more rapidly.", "Badminton __knowledge__ Shuttlecocks also have a high top speed compared to the balls in other racquet sports.", "Badminton __knowledge__ The flight of the shuttlecock gives the sport its distinctive nature.", "Badminton __knowledge__ The game developed in British India from the earlier game of battledore and shuttlecock.", "Crackout (band) __knowledge__ Crackout were an English three-piece pop punk band, formed in Bicester, Oxfordshire in 1997.", "Crackout (band) __knowledge__ The band released two albums and a handful of singles, and toured with artists such as Sum 41, Seafood, Haven and Span before disbanding in late 2005.", "Crackout (band) __knowledge__ The band, singer-guitarist Steven Eagles, drummer Nicholas Millard and bassist Rachel Lavelle, were all 16 years old when they signed to the Shifty Disco label after playing only eight gigs as 'Crackout' (named after 'Brian Krakow', a character in American TV teen drama, \"My So-Called Life\").", "Crackout (band) __knowledge__ Within four weeks of the record label first seeing the band live, they had recorded and released their debut \"Chuck\" single.", "Washington Monument __knowledge__ The Washington Monument is an obelisk on the National Mall in Washington, D.C., built to commemorate George Washington, once commander-in-chief of the Continental Army and the first President of the United States.", "Washington Monument __knowledge__ Located almost due east of the Reflecting Pool and the Lincoln Memorial, the monument, made of marble, granite, and bluestone gneiss, is both the world's tallest stone structure and the world's tallest obelisk, standing tall according to the National Geodetic Survey (measured 2013–14) or tall according to the National Park Service (measured 1884).", "Washington Monument __knowledge__ It is the tallest monumental column in the world if all are measured above their pedestrian entrances.", "2016 Hellmann's 500 __knowledge__ The 2016 Hellmann's 500 was a NASCAR Sprint Cup Series race held on October 23, 2016, at Talladega Superspeedway in Lincoln, Alabama.", "2016 Hellmann's 500 __knowledge__ Contested over 188 laps on the 2.66 mile (4.2 km) superspeedway, it was the 32nd race of the 2016 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series season, sixth race of the Chase and final race of the Round of 12.", "2016 Hellmann's 500 __knowledge__ Talladega Superspeedway, originally known as Alabama International Motor Superspeedway (AIMS), is a motorsports complex located north of Talladega, Alabama.", "2016 Hellmann's 500 __knowledge__ It is located on the former Anniston Air Force Base in the small city of Lincoln.", "2016 Hellmann's 500 __knowledge__ The track is a tri-oval and was constructed in the 1960s by the International Speedway Corporation, a business controlled by the France Family.", "Black Cat (song) __knowledge__ \"Black Cat\" is a song by American singer Janet Jackson, released as the sixth single from her fourth studio album \"Janet Jackson's Rhythm Nation 1814\" (1989).", "Black Cat (song) __knowledge__ It was written by Jackson, and produced by Jackson with Jellybean Johnson.", "Black Cat (song) __knowledge__ In a departure from her standard of industrial-based dance-pop, \"Black Cat\" is a pastiche of hard rock and heavy metal with influences of punk, dance-rock, and glam metal.", "Black Cat (song) __knowledge__ Its lyrics speak of substance abuse and gang violence.", "Black Cat (song) __knowledge__ It was the final song recorded for the album, after Jackson composed its main riff when desiring a rock song to complete the record.", "Black Cat (song) __knowledge__ \"Black Cat\" was well received among critics, who praised Jackson's \"maximum advantage\" vocals and her seamless foray into the hard rock genre.", "China Badminton Super League __knowledge__ The China Badminton Super League () is the prime National team competition for badminton players in China.", "China Badminton Super League __knowledge__ The China Badminton Super League was re-launched in 2009 after a failing attempt seven years earlier.", "China Badminton Super League __knowledge__ Liu Fengyan, director of the Table Tennis and Badminton Administration Center under China’s State General Administration of Sport, announced the re-launch during the 50th anniversary meeting of the Chinese Badminton Association.", "China Badminton Super League __knowledge__ The China Badminton Super League (CBSL) has welcomed huge sponsorship deals hereby attracting top players from China and abroad to the participating teams.", "China Badminton Super League __knowledge__ The China Badminton Super League is a mixed team event, like the Sudirman Cup.", "2016 Coca-Cola 600 __knowledge__ The 2016 Coca-Cola 600, the 57th running of the event, was a NASCAR Sprint Cup Series race held on May 29, 2016 at Charlotte Motor Speedway in Concord, North Carolina.", "2016 Coca-Cola 600 __knowledge__ Contested over 400 laps on the 1.5 mile (2.42 km) asphalt speedway, it was the thirteenth race of the 2016 NASCAR Sprint Cup season.", "2016 Coca-Cola 600 __knowledge__ The race had nine lead changes among four different drivers and four cautions for 19 laps.", "2016 Coca-Cola 600 __knowledge__ The race was held at Charlotte Motor Speedway, which is located in Concord, North Carolina.", "2016 Coca-Cola 600 __knowledge__ The speedway complex includes a quad-oval track that will be utilized for the race, as well as a dragstrip and a dirt track.", "Alphabet book __knowledge__ An alphabet book is a book primarily designed for young children.", "Alphabet book __knowledge__ It presents letters of the alphabet with corresponding words and/or images.", "Alphabet book __knowledge__ Some alphabet books feature capitals and lower case letter forms, keywords beginning with specific letters, or illustrations of keywords.", "Alphabet book __knowledge__ Alphabet books may consist of sentences, paragraphs, or entire pages highlighting letters and corresponding keywords in a variety of creative and imaginative formats.", "Alphabet book __knowledge__ Alphabet books introduce the sounds and letters of the ordered alphabet.", "Alphabet book __knowledge__ These books provide a non-threatening genre in which children engage in a variety of both fiction and non-fiction texts.", "Murder Ahoy! __knowledge__ Murder Ahoy!", "Murder Ahoy! __knowledge__ is the last of four Miss Marple films made by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer that starred Margaret Rutherford.", "Murder Ahoy! __knowledge__ As in the previous three, the actress plays Agatha Christie's amateur sleuth Miss Jane Marple, with Charles 'Bud' Tingwell as (Chief) Inspector Craddock and Stringer Davis (Rutherford's real-life husband) playing Mr Stringer.", "Murder Ahoy! __knowledge__ The film was made in 1964 and directed by George Pollock, with David Pursall and Jack Seddon credited with the script.", "Murder Ahoy! __knowledge__ The music was by Ron Goodwin.", "Murder Ahoy! __knowledge__ Location shots included Denham Village and St Mawes, Cornwall.", "Murder Ahoy! __knowledge__ Unlike the previous three films that were adapted from Christie novels – \"The 4.50 from Paddington\" (\"Murder, She Said\" – the only Miss Marple novel used), \"After the Funeral\" (a Poirot mystery, adapted for Miss Marple with the title \"Murder at the Gallop\") and \"Mrs. McGinty's Dead\" (another Poirot novel, adapted as \"Murder Most Foul\") – this film used an original screenplay that was not based on any of Christie's stories.", "Mike Vranos __knowledge__ Michael W. \"Mike\" Vranos is an American hedge fund manager and philanthropist who in the 1990s was referred to by some as the \"most powerful man on Wall Street.\"", "Mike Vranos __knowledge__ In 1993, he reportedly earned $15 million from trading mortgage bonds.", "Mike Vranos __knowledge__ \"Fortune Magazine\" once called him \"one of the best bond traders on Wall Street.\"", "Mike Vranos __knowledge__ According to a 2007 \"Wall Street Journal\" article, he has continued to be regarded as \"the best-known mortgage-bond trader on Wall Street.\"", "Mike Vranos __knowledge__ Vranos headed collateralized mortgage obligation (CMO) trading in the early 1990s at Kidder Peabody at a time when that firm dominated the marketplace.", "History of cricket to 1725 __knowledge__ The earliest definite reference to cricket is dated Monday, 17 January 1597 (i.e., an \"Old Style\" Julian date which is 1598 by modern reckoning under the Gregorian calendar).", "History of cricket to 1725 __knowledge__ It is a deposition in the records of a legal case at Guildford, Surrey, re the use of a parcel of land c.1550 and John Derrick, a coroner, testified that he had at that time played cricket on the land when he was a boy.", "History of cricket to 1725 __knowledge__ Derrick's testimony makes clear that the sport was being played c.1550, but its true origin is a mystery.", "History of cricket to 1725 __knowledge__ All that can be said with a fair degree of certainty is that its beginning was earlier than 1550, somewhere in south-east England within the counties of Kent, Sussex and Surrey.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ India is home to a diverse population playing many different sports across the country.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ Football is a popular sport in some of the Indian states.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ India has won all the Kabaddi World Cups to date.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ The country has won eight Olympic gold medals in field hockey.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ However, cricket is the most popular sport in India.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ Kabaddi, an indigenous sport is popular in rural India.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ Several games originated in India including chess, snooker and other regional games.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ India has won medals in badminton, kabaddi, hockey and many other sports and disciplines.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ Recently, different forms of martial arts have also gained a lot of prominence in India.", "History of games __knowledge__ The history of games dates to the ancient human past.", "History of games __knowledge__ Games are an integral part of all cultures and are one of the oldest forms of human social interaction.", "History of games __knowledge__ Games are formalized expressions of play which allow people to go beyond immediate imagination and direct physical activity.", "History of games __knowledge__ Common features of games include uncertainty of outcome, agreed upon rules, competition, separate place and time, elements of fiction, elements of chance, prescribed goals and personal enjoyment.", "History of games __knowledge__ Games capture the ideas and worldviews of their cultures and pass them on to the future generation.", "History of games __knowledge__ Games were important as cultural and social bonding events, as teaching tools and as markers of social status." ] ]

[ 1, 11, 11, 3 ]

[ "It's where you hit a shuttlecock with a racket across a net.", "It started in British India.", "No, but I do know that it evolved from an earlier game of battledore.", "Yes, the sport mostly played in a yard, but formal games are played indoors." ]

[ "Badminton", "Badminton", "Badminton", "Badminton" ]

[ "Moped", "Sounds like an interesting purchase.", "Hmm cool, I've never even heard of them before." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Moped __knowledge__ A moped (/ˈmoʊpɛd/ MOH-ped) is a small motorcycle, generally having a less stringent licensing requirement than motorcycles or automobiles because mopeds typically travel about the same speed as bicycles on public roads.", "Moped __knowledge__ Mopeds by definition are driven by both an engine and bicycle pedals, but in common usage and in many jurisdictions the term \"moped\" is used for similar vehicles including a scooter.", "Moped __knowledge__ Some mopeds are of a step-through type design, while others are step-over designs, having a motorcycle-like frame, including a backbone and a raised fuel tank, mounted directly between the saddle and the head tube.", "Moped __knowledge__ Some resemble motorized bicycles.", "Moped __knowledge__ Most are similar to a regular motorcycle, but with pedals and a crankset that may be used with or instead of motor drive.", "Moped __knowledge__ Although mopeds usually have two wheels, some jurisdictions classify low-powered three- or (rarely) four-wheeled vehicles as a moped.", "Moped __knowledge__ The word \"moped\" was coined by Swedish journalist Harald Nielsen in 1952, as a portmanteau of \"motor\" and \"pedal\".", "Moped __knowledge__ Another origin is that it was derived from the term \"motor-velocipede\".", "Moped __knowledge__ According to Douglas Harper, the Swedish terms originated from \"(\"trampcykel med\") mo(tor och\") ped(aler\")\", which means \"pedal cycle with engine and pedals\" (the earliest versions had auxiliary pedals)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Moped __knowledge__ A moped (/ˈmoʊpɛd/ MOH-ped) is a small motorcycle, generally having a less stringent licensing requirement than motorcycles or automobiles because mopeds typically travel about the same speed as bicycles on public roads.", "Moped __knowledge__ Mopeds by definition are driven by both an engine and bicycle pedals, but in common usage and in many jurisdictions the term \"moped\" is used for similar vehicles including a scooter.", "Moped __knowledge__ Some mopeds are of a step-through type design, while others are step-over designs, having a motorcycle-like frame, including a backbone and a raised fuel tank, mounted directly between the saddle and the head tube.", "Moped __knowledge__ Some resemble motorized bicycles.", "Moped __knowledge__ Most are similar to a regular motorcycle, but with pedals and a crankset that may be used with or instead of motor drive.", "Moped __knowledge__ Although mopeds usually have two wheels, some jurisdictions classify low-powered three- or (rarely) four-wheeled vehicles as a moped.", "Moped __knowledge__ The word \"moped\" was coined by Swedish journalist Harald Nielsen in 1952, as a portmanteau of \"motor\" and \"pedal\".", "Moped __knowledge__ Another origin is that it was derived from the term \"motor-velocipede\".", "Moped __knowledge__ According to Douglas Harper, the Swedish terms originated from \"(\"trampcykel med\") mo(tor och\") ped(aler\")\", which means \"pedal cycle with engine and pedals\" (the earliest versions had auxiliary pedals).", "Land of Storms __knowledge__ Land of Storms () is a Hungarian drama film, released in 2014.", "Land of Storms __knowledge__ The feature film debut of director Ádám Császi, the film had its debut at the 64th Berlin International Film Festival.", "Land of Storms __knowledge__ The film stars András Sütő as Szabolcs, a young man who returns home to Hungary after quitting his budding football career in Germany, and begins a romantic and sexual relationship with Áron (Ádám Varga), an apprentice stonemason from a nearby town.", "Land of Storms __knowledge__ The situation is complicated when Bernard (Sebastian Urzendowsky), Szabolcs' former roommate in Germany, arrives to convince him to return to football training.", "Land of Storms __knowledge__ Szabolcs (András Sütő), a talented but passionless football player in an amateur German team, mangles a match and is sent off with a red card.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ Sounds Like Chicken was a band from Melbourne, Australia, which formed in 1999 and disbanded in 2007.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ They were one of Australia's most well-known ska bands and one of the most popular Christian bands in the country.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ They were signed to Boomtown Records.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ Sounds Like Chicken's musical style included a blend of Ska, Hardcore, Reggae & Rock.The band placed a high emphasis on touring and were known for their \"high energy\" live performances.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ Sounds Like Chicken shared stages and toured with such bands, including Reel Big Fish, Mad Caddies, Crowned King, Hilltop Hoods, Kisschasy, Area-7, Gyroscope, Bodyjar, 28 Days, Killing Heidi, The O.C.", "Chinese numerology __knowledge__ In Chinese tradition, certain numbers are believed by some to be auspicious (吉利, ) or inauspicious (不利, ) based on the Chinese word that the number sounds similar to.", "Chinese numerology __knowledge__ The numbers 6, 8 and 9 are generally considered to be auspicious, while 4 and 7 are considered inauspicious.", "Chinese numerology __knowledge__ The number 0 (零, ) is the beginning of all things and is generally considered a good number.", "Chinese numerology __knowledge__ The number 1 (一, ) is neither auspicious nor inauspicious.", "Chinese numerology __knowledge__ It is a number given to winners to indicate the first place.", "Chinese numerology __knowledge__ But it can also symbolize loneliness or being single.", "Chinese numerology __knowledge__ For example: November 11th is the Singles' Day in China, as the date has four ‘1’ which stand for singles.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Pet Sounds is the eleventh studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released on May 16, 1966.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ It initially met with a lukewarm critical and commercial response in the United States, peaking at number 10 in the \"Billboard\" 200, a significantly lower placement than the band's preceding albums.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the album was hailed by its music press and was an immediate commercial success, peaking at number 2 in the UK Top 40 Albums Chart and remaining among the top ten positions for six months.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Originally promoted as \"the most progressive pop album ever\", \"Pet Sounds\" attracted recognition for its ambitious recording and unusually sophisticated music, and is widely considered to be one of the most influential albums in music history.", "The Chemistry Set (British band) __knowledge__ The Chemistry Set are a cult London psychedelic band.", "The Chemistry Set (British band) __knowledge__ Composed of veterans of the late 1980s neo-psychedelic boom, the group received regular airplay on John Peel's show, were covered in the mainstream and underground music press and appeared on Tony Wilson's BBC2 television show, \"100%\".", "The Chemistry Set (British band) __knowledge__ The original line up consisted of Ashley Wood (rhythm guitar/vocals), Paul Lake (lead guitar/vocals), Henry Taprell (bass) and Dave McLean (drums/vocals) with Neil Pond (Harmonica and percussion) joining them both onstage and in the studio.", "The Chemistry Set (British band) __knowledge__ Wood and Lake had previously played in school bands for a number of years having met at secondary school in south east London.", "Pills n Potions __knowledge__ \"Pills N Potions\" is a song by American rapper and singer Nicki Minaj from her third studio album, \"The Pinkprint\" (2014).", "Pills n Potions __knowledge__ It was released on May 21, 2014 by Young Money, Cash Money, and Republic Records as the lead single from the album.", "Pills n Potions __knowledge__ Minaj collaborated with Cirkut, Dr. Luke, and Ester Dean during the songwriting process, while Cirkut and Dr. Luke produced it.", "Pills n Potions __knowledge__ Commercially, the song peaked at number 24 on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 and within the top 40 in Australia, Ireland, New Zealand and the United Kingdom.", "Pills n Potions __knowledge__ The song's accompanying music video was directed by Diane Martel, who Minaj has previously worked with, and was released on June 9, 2014.", "Tetraphobia __knowledge__ Tetraphobia (from Greek τετράς—\"tetras\", \"four\" and φόβος—\"phobos\", \"fear\") is the practice of avoiding instances of the number .", "Tetraphobia __knowledge__ It is a superstition most common in East Asian nations.", "Tetraphobia __knowledge__ The Chinese word for \"four\" (, pinyin: sì, jyutping: sei), sounds quite similar to the word for \"death\" (, pinyin: sǐ, jyutping: sei), in many varieties of Chinese.", "Tetraphobia __knowledge__ Similarly, the Sino-Japanese, Sino-Korean, and Sino-Vietnamese words for \"four\", shi (し, Japanese), and sa (사, Korean), sound similar or identical to \"death\" in each language (see Korean numerals, Japanese numerals, Vietnamese numerals).", "Tetraphobia __knowledge__ Special care may be taken to avoid occurrences or reminders of the number 4 during everyday life, especially during festive holidays, or when a family member is ill. Mentioning the number 4 around a sick relative is strongly avoided.", "Electric bicycle laws __knowledge__ Many countries have enacted electric bicycle laws to regulate the use of electric bicycles.", "Electric bicycle laws __knowledge__ Countries such as the United States and Canada have federal regulations governing the safety requirements and standards of manufacture.", "Electric bicycle laws __knowledge__ Other countries like the signatories of the European Union have agreed to wider-ranging legislation covering use and safety of their term EPAC (electric pedal-assisted cycles).", "Electric bicycle laws __knowledge__ However, confusion remains regarding the various laws involving electric bicycles.", "Electric bicycle laws __knowledge__ This stems from the fact that while some countries have national regulations, the legality of road use is left to states and provinces, and then complicated further by municipal laws and restrictions.", "Motorized bicycle __knowledge__ A motorized bicycle is a bicycle with an attached motor or engine and transmission used either to power the vehicle unassisted, or to assist with pedalling.", "Motorized bicycle __knowledge__ Since it always retains both pedals and a discrete connected drive for rider-powered propulsion, the motorized bicycle is in technical terms a true bicycle, albeit a power-assisted one.", "Motorized bicycle __knowledge__ However, for purposes of governmental licensing and registration requirements, the type may be legally defined as a motor vehicle, motorcycle, moped, or a separate class of hybrid vehicle.", "Motorized bicycle __knowledge__ Powered by a variety of engine types and designs, the motorized bicycle formed the prototype for what would later become the motorcycle.", "Pedelec __knowledge__ A pedelec (from pedal electric cycle) is a bicycle where the rider's pedalling is \"assisted\" by a small electric motor; thus it is a type of low-powered e-bike.", "Pedelec __knowledge__ However, unlike some other types of e-bikes, pedelecs are classified as conventional bicycles in many countries by road authorities rather than as a type of electric moped.", "Pedelec __knowledge__ Pedelecs include an electronic controller which cuts power to the motor when the rider is not pedalling or when a certain speed – usually – is reached.", "Pedelec __knowledge__ Pedelecs are useful for people who ride in hilly areas or in strong headwinds.", "Pedelec __knowledge__ While a pedelec can be any type of bicycle, a pedelec city bike is very common.", "Tempo (motorcycle manufacturer) __knowledge__ Tempo was a Norwegian motorcycle and moped brand.", "Tempo (motorcycle manufacturer) __knowledge__ Jonas Øglænd made the rolling chassis and most of the parts thereof, and Fichtel & Sachs AG made the engines for the majority of the models.", "Tempo (motorcycle manufacturer) __knowledge__ After 1972 the company made mopeds only.", "Tempo (motorcycle manufacturer) __knowledge__ In 1868 Jonas Øglænd started his business with mounting and selling bicycles.", "Tempo (motorcycle manufacturer) __knowledge__ One of the brands was \"The World\", initially made in USA, starting licence production in Sandnes, Norway in 1906.", "Tempo (motorcycle manufacturer) __knowledge__ In the early 30s the idea of putting an engine in the frame of one of these bicycles was born, and serial production of the motorized \"The World\" started in 1931 continuing to 1934.", "Modenas __knowledge__ \"Syarikat Motosikal dan Enjin Nasional Sdn.", "Modenas __knowledge__ Bhd\" (National Motorcycle and Engine Company), or known as Modenas for short is a Malaysian national motorcycle company producing various small motorcycle models below 200 cc targeted for local market and export.", "Modenas __knowledge__ The company's headquarters and factory are located at the small town of Gurun, Kedah, Malaysia.", "Modenas __knowledge__ The history of the company began at the early 1990s.", "Modenas __knowledge__ After the success of Malaysian automotive manufacturer Proton, the government looked forward to launch a national motorcycle project.", "Modenas __knowledge__ Modenas was formed in 1995 and majority of its shares were held by Kawasaki, Sojitz, Khazanah Nasional and DRB-HICOM.", "Simson (company) __knowledge__ Simson was a German company which produced firearms, automobiles, bicycles and motorcycles, and mopeds.", "Simson (company) __knowledge__ Under the Third Reich, the factory was taken from the Jewish Simson family, and was renamed several times under Nazi and later Communist control.", "Simson (company) __knowledge__ The Simson name was reintroduced as a brand name for mopeds produced at the factory in the former German Democratic Republic (GDR).", "Simson (company) __knowledge__ Simson mopeds were then produced in Suhl (Germany) until 2002.", "Simson (company) __knowledge__ In 1854 the brothers Löb and Moses Simson bought one third of a steelhammer works in Suhl (Germany).", "Simson (company) __knowledge__ The production of carbon steel began and the firm Simson & Co. was founded in 1856." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Moped __knowledge__ A moped (/ˈmoʊpɛd/ MOH-ped) is a small motorcycle, generally having a less stringent licensing requirement than motorcycles or automobiles because mopeds typically travel about the same speed as bicycles on public roads.", "Moped __knowledge__ Mopeds by definition are driven by both an engine and bicycle pedals, but in common usage and in many jurisdictions the term \"moped\" is used for similar vehicles including a scooter.", "Moped __knowledge__ Some mopeds are of a step-through type design, while others are step-over designs, having a motorcycle-like frame, including a backbone and a raised fuel tank, mounted directly between the saddle and the head tube.", "Moped __knowledge__ Some resemble motorized bicycles.", "Moped __knowledge__ Most are similar to a regular motorcycle, but with pedals and a crankset that may be used with or instead of motor drive.", "Moped __knowledge__ Although mopeds usually have two wheels, some jurisdictions classify low-powered three- or (rarely) four-wheeled vehicles as a moped.", "Moped __knowledge__ The word \"moped\" was coined by Swedish journalist Harald Nielsen in 1952, as a portmanteau of \"motor\" and \"pedal\".", "Moped __knowledge__ Another origin is that it was derived from the term \"motor-velocipede\".", "Moped __knowledge__ According to Douglas Harper, the Swedish terms originated from \"(\"trampcykel med\") mo(tor och\") ped(aler\")\", which means \"pedal cycle with engine and pedals\" (the earliest versions had auxiliary pedals).", "Hatch Mott MacDonald __knowledge__ Hatch Mott MacDonald (HMM) is a consulting engineering firm serving public and private clients in North America.", "Hatch Mott MacDonald __knowledge__ HMM’s capabilities include planning, project development, studies and analysis, design, procurement, and construction engineering and inspection.", "Hatch Mott MacDonald __knowledge__ HMM also provides project, program and construction management as well as facility maintenance and operations.", "Hatch Mott MacDonald __knowledge__ Hatch Mott MacDonald was founded in 1996 by its parent companies, Hatch Ltd and Mott MacDonald.", "Hatch Mott MacDonald __knowledge__ HMM was intended to take advantage of engineering opportunities in North America.", "Hatch Mott MacDonald __knowledge__ HMM originally provided the bulk of its services in transportation, including the design of tunnels, rail systems, bridges, highways, and airport infrastructure.", "Hidden Markov model __knowledge__ Hidden Markov Model (HMM) is a statistical Markov model in which the system being modeled is assumed to be a Markov process with unobserved (i.e.", "Hidden Markov model __knowledge__ \"hidden\") states.", "Hidden Markov model __knowledge__ The hidden Markov model can be represented as the simplest dynamic Bayesian network.", "Hidden Markov model __knowledge__ The mathematics behind the HMM were developed by L. E. Baum and coworkers.", "Hidden Markov model __knowledge__ In simpler Markov models (like a Markov chain), the state is directly visible to the observer, and therefore the state transition probabilities are the only parameters, while in the hidden Markov model, the state is not directly visible, but the output, dependent on the state, is visible.", "VMM-265 __knowledge__ Marine Medium Tiltrotor Squadron 265 (VMM-265) is a United States Marine Corps transport squadron consisting of MV-22 Osprey tiltrotor aircraft.", "VMM-265 __knowledge__ The squadron, known as the \"Dragons\", is based at Marine Corps Air Station Futenma, Okinawa, Japan and falls under the command of Marine Aircraft Group 36 (MAG-36) and the 1st Marine Aircraft Wing (1st MAW).", "VMM-265 __knowledge__ Support the Marine Air-Ground Task Force (MAGTF) Commander by providing assault support transport of combat troops, supplies and equipment, day or night under all weather conditions during expeditionary, joint or combined operations.", "VMM-265 __knowledge__ HMM-265 was commissioned on October 1, 1962 at Marine Corps Air Facility Jacksonville, North Carolina.", "VMM-365 __knowledge__ Marine Medium Tiltrotor Squadron 365 (VMM-365) is a United States Marine Corps tiltrotor squadron consisting of MV-22B Osprey transport aircraft.", "VMM-365 __knowledge__ The squadron, known as the \"Blue Knights\", is based at Marine Corps Air Station New River, North Carolina and falls under the command of Marine Aircraft Group 26 (MAG-26) and the 2nd Marine Aircraft Wing (2nd MAW).", "VMM-365 __knowledge__ Provide assault support of combat troops, supplies, and equipment during amphibious operations and subsequent operations ashore.", "VMM-365 __knowledge__ Marine Medium Helicopter Squadron 365 was established on July 1, 1963 at Marine Corps Air Facility Santa Ana, California.", "VMM-165 __knowledge__ Marine Medium Tilt Rotor Squadron 165 (VMM-165) is a United States Marine Corps Tilt-rotor squadron consisting of MV-22B Osprey transport aircraft.", "VMM-165 __knowledge__ The squadron, known as the \"White Knights\", is based at Marine Corps Air Station Miramar, California and fall under the command of Marine Aircraft Group 16 (MAG-16) and the 3rd Marine Aircraft Wing (3rd MAW).", "VMM-165 __knowledge__ Provide assault support transport of combat troops, supplies and equipment during expeditionary, joint or combined operations.", "VMM-165 __knowledge__ Be prepared for short-notice, worldwide employment in support of Marine Air-Ground Task Force operations.", "VMM-165 __knowledge__ Marine Medium Helicopter Squadron 165 was activated on July 1, 1965 at Marine Corps Air Station Santa Ana, California as part of Marine Aircraft Group 36, 3rd Marine Aircraft Wing.", "VMM-164 __knowledge__ Marine Medium Tiltrotor Squadron 164 (VMM-164), is a United States Marine Corps tiltrotor squadron operating the MV-22B Osprey.", "VMM-164 __knowledge__ Known as the \"Knightriders\", they fall under the command Marine Aircraft Group 39 (MAG-39) and the 3rd Marine Aircraft Wing (3rd MAW).", "VMM-164 __knowledge__ They are based at Marine Corps Air Station Camp Pendleton.", "VMM-164 __knowledge__ Marine Medium Helicopter Squadron 164 (HMM-164) was activated under LtCol.", "VMM-164 __knowledge__ Herbert J. Blaha on July 1, 1964 at Marine Corps Air Station Santa Ana, California as part of Marine Aircraft Group 36.", "VMM-164 __knowledge__ In August 1965 the squadron transferred to Marine Wing Support Group 37 at Marine Corps Air Station El Toro, California.", "Sepsis Alliance __knowledge__ Sepsis Alliance is a voluntary health organization dedicated to raising awareness of sepsis by educating patients, families, and healthcare professionals to treat sepsis as a medical emergency.", "Sepsis Alliance __knowledge__ The organization is recognized as a 501(c)(3) charity by the Internal Revenue Service.", "Sepsis Alliance __knowledge__ The organization was founded in 2004 as the American Sepsis Alliance by Carl Flatley, a retired dentist from Dunedin, Florida.", "Sepsis Alliance __knowledge__ Dr. Flatley's daughter, Erin Flatley, had undergone a hemorrhoidectomy, a routine outpatient surgical procedure.", "Sepsis Alliance __knowledge__ Within days, she was experiencing incredible pain that prompted her family to admit her into a hospital.", "Electric bicycle laws __knowledge__ Many countries have enacted electric bicycle laws to regulate the use of electric bicycles.", "Electric bicycle laws __knowledge__ Countries such as the United States and Canada have federal regulations governing the safety requirements and standards of manufacture.", "Electric bicycle laws __knowledge__ Other countries like the signatories of the European Union have agreed to wider-ranging legislation covering use and safety of their term EPAC (electric pedal-assisted cycles).", "Electric bicycle laws __knowledge__ However, confusion remains regarding the various laws involving electric bicycles.", "Electric bicycle laws __knowledge__ This stems from the fact that while some countries have national regulations, the legality of road use is left to states and provinces, and then complicated further by municipal laws and restrictions.", "Motorized bicycle __knowledge__ A motorized bicycle is a bicycle with an attached motor or engine and transmission used either to power the vehicle unassisted, or to assist with pedalling.", "Motorized bicycle __knowledge__ Since it always retains both pedals and a discrete connected drive for rider-powered propulsion, the motorized bicycle is in technical terms a true bicycle, albeit a power-assisted one.", "Motorized bicycle __knowledge__ However, for purposes of governmental licensing and registration requirements, the type may be legally defined as a motor vehicle, motorcycle, moped, or a separate class of hybrid vehicle.", "Motorized bicycle __knowledge__ Powered by a variety of engine types and designs, the motorized bicycle formed the prototype for what would later become the motorcycle.", "Honda D-Type __knowledge__ The Honda D-Type is the first full-fledged motorcycle manufactured by Honda.", "Honda D-Type __knowledge__ The bike was also known as the Type D and Model D, and was the first of a series of models from Honda to be named Dream.", "Honda D-Type __knowledge__ The D-Type was produced from 1949 to 1951.", "Honda D-Type __knowledge__ In October 1946 Soichiro Honda established Honda Gijutsu Kenkyu Sho (Honda Technical Research Laboratory).", "Honda D-Type __knowledge__ The company was based in Hamamatsu, Shizuoka prefecture.", "Honda D-Type __knowledge__ Their earliest product was a motorized bicycle, called a \"pon-pon\" in the Hamamatsu area.", "Honda D-Type __knowledge__ Honda's pon-pon used a WWII surplus generator engine made by Mikuni Shoko and a belt-drive to power the rear wheel.", "Bicycle __knowledge__ A bicycle, also called a cycle or bike, is a human-powered, pedal-driven, single-track vehicle, having two wheels attached to a frame, one behind the other.", "Bicycle __knowledge__ A is called a cyclist, or bicyclist.", "Bicycle __knowledge__ Bicycles were introduced in the late 19th century in Europe, and by the early 21st century, more than 1 billion have been produced worldwide.", "Bicycle __knowledge__ These numbers far exceed the number of cars, both in total and ranked by the number of individual models produced.", "Bicycle __knowledge__ They are the principal means of transportation in many regions.", "Bicycle __knowledge__ They also provide a popular form of recreation, and have been adapted for use as children's toys, general fitness, military and police applications, courier services, bicycle racing and bicycle stunts.", "Economy car __knowledge__ An economy car is an automobile that is designed for low-cost purchase and operation.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Typical economy cars are small (compact or subcompact), lightweight, and inexpensive to buy.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Economy car designers are forced by stringent design constraints to be inventive.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Many innovations in automobile design were originally developed for economy cars, such as the Ford Model T and the Austin Mini.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Gordon Murray, the Formula 1 and Mclaren F1 designer, said when designing his new Murray T.25 city car: \"I would say that building a car to sell for six thousand pounds and designing that for a high-volume production, where you have all the quality issues under control, is a hundred times more difficult than designing a Mclaren F1, or even a racing car.", "Motorcycle __knowledge__ A motorcycle often called a bike, motorbike, or cycle is a two- or three-wheeled motor vehicle.", "Motorcycle __knowledge__ Motorcycle design varies greatly to suit a range of different purposes: long distance travel, commuting, cruising, sport including racing, and off-road riding.", "Motorcycle __knowledge__ Motorcycling is riding a motorcycle and related social activity such as joining a motorcycle club and attending motorcycle rallies.", "Motorcycle __knowledge__ In 1894, Hildebrand & Wolfmüller became the first series production motorcycle, and the first to be called a motorcycle.", "Motorcycle __knowledge__ In 2014, the three top motorcycle producers globally by volume were Honda, Yamaha (both from Japan), and Hero MotoCorp (India)." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 4 ]

[ "I want to buy a moped, which is a small motorcycle that travels about the same speed as a bicycle.", "Yeah, they have an engine and bicycle pedals. They are great on gas and cost less than a bigger motorcycle.", "They look a lot like motorized bicycles. They are really popular in Europe." ]

[ "Moped", "Moped", "Moped" ]

[ "Widow", "Yes, that is such a strange concept. Where is it that they do that?", "Wow, that is insane. I guess they become burdens or something. Such an unfortunate circumstance!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Widow __knowledge__ A widow is a woman whose spouse has died and a widower is a man whose spouse has died.", "Widow __knowledge__ The treatment of widows and widowers around the world varies.", "Widow __knowledge__ A widow is a woman whose spouse has died, while a widower is a man whose spouse has died.", "Widow __knowledge__ The state of having lost one's spouse to death is termed \"widowhood\".", "Widow __knowledge__ These terms are not applied to a divorcé(e) following the death of an ex-spouse.", "Widow __knowledge__ The term \"widowhood\" can be used for either sex, at least according to some dictionaries, but the word \"widowerhood\" is also listed in some dictionaries.", "Widow __knowledge__ Occasionally, the word \"viduity\" is used.", "Widow __knowledge__ The adjective for either sex is \"widowed\".", "Widow __knowledge__ In societies where the husband is the sole provider, his death can leave his family destitute.", "Widow __knowledge__ The tendency for women generally to outlive men can compound this, as can men in many societies marrying women younger than themselves.", "Widow __knowledge__ In some patriarchal societies, widows may maintain economic independence.", "Widow __knowledge__ A woman would carry on her spouse's business and be accorded certain rights, such as entering guilds.", "Widow __knowledge__ More recently, widows of political figures have been among the first women elected to high office in many countries, such as Corazón Aquino or Isabel Martínez de Perón." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Widow __knowledge__ A widow is a woman whose spouse has died and a widower is a man whose spouse has died.", "Widow __knowledge__ The treatment of widows and widowers around the world varies.", "Widow __knowledge__ A widow is a woman whose spouse has died, while a widower is a man whose spouse has died.", "Widow __knowledge__ The state of having lost one's spouse to death is termed \"widowhood\".", "Widow __knowledge__ These terms are not applied to a divorcé(e) following the death of an ex-spouse.", "Widow __knowledge__ The term \"widowhood\" can be used for either sex, at least according to some dictionaries, but the word \"widowerhood\" is also listed in some dictionaries.", "Widow __knowledge__ Occasionally, the word \"viduity\" is used.", "Widow __knowledge__ The adjective for either sex is \"widowed\".", "Widow __knowledge__ In societies where the husband is the sole provider, his death can leave his family destitute.", "Widow __knowledge__ The tendency for women generally to outlive men can compound this, as can men in many societies marrying women younger than themselves.", "Widow __knowledge__ In some patriarchal societies, widows may maintain economic independence.", "Widow __knowledge__ A woman would carry on her spouse's business and be accorded certain rights, such as entering guilds.", "Widow __knowledge__ More recently, widows of political figures have been among the first women elected to high office in many countries, such as Corazón Aquino or Isabel Martínez de Perón.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "2013–14 Las Vegas Legends season __knowledge__ The 2013–14 Las Vegas Legends season was the second season of the Las Vegas Legends professional indoor soccer club.", "2013–14 Las Vegas Legends season __knowledge__ The Las Vegas Legends, a Pacific Division team in the Professional Arena Soccer League, split their home games between the Orleans Arena in Paradise, Nevada, and the Las Vegas Sports Park in Las Vegas, Nevada.", "2013–14 Las Vegas Legends season __knowledge__ The team was led by owner/head coach Meir Cohen with assistant coaches Patrick Lawrence and Peter Sharkey.", "2013–14 Las Vegas Legends season __knowledge__ The Legends started strong with 6 consecutive wins before losing to the San Diego Sockers in one of only two regular season home games the Las Vegas team plays at Orleans Arena this season.", "2012–13 Turlock Express season __knowledge__ The 2012–13 Turlock Express season was the second season of the Turlock Express professional indoor soccer club.", "2012–13 Turlock Express season __knowledge__ The Express, a Pacific Division team in the Professional Arena Soccer League, played their home games in the Turlock Soccer Complex in Turlock, California.", "2012–13 Turlock Express season __knowledge__ The team was led by head coach Art Pulido.", "2012–13 Turlock Express season __knowledge__ The Express were successful in the regular season, compiling a 9–7 record and placing second in the Pacific Division.", "2012–13 Turlock Express season __knowledge__ The team won and lost in streaks, dropping their first two games, winning their next six, losing the following five, and ending the regular season with three straight wins.", "Gold Flake __knowledge__ Gold Flake is a classic Indian brand that has been in the market for over a century.", "Gold Flake __knowledge__ Starting off as a cigarette with a heritage, this brand has many variants that across price points.", "Gold Flake __knowledge__ It is sold in various varieties, including Gold Flake Kings (84 mm), Gold Flake Kings Lights (84mm), Gold Flake and Gold Flake Lights.", "Gold Flake __knowledge__ This brand is owned, manufactured and marketed by ITC Limited.", "Gold Flake __knowledge__ 1971 saw a big change in the Gold Flake portfolio with the introduction of Gold Flake Kings, a larger sized variant.", "Gold Flake __knowledge__ Gold Flake was originally launched in 1878 by Stephen Mitchell & Son, a small tobacco firm located in Glasgow, Scotland, which was acquired bythe Bristol company of W.D.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ Richard Christopher \"Rick\" Wakeman (born 18 May 1949) is an English keyboardist, songwriter, television and radio presenter, and author.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ He is best known for being in the progressive rock band Yes across five tenures between 1971 and 2004 and for his solo albums released in the 1970s.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ He is a current member of Yes Featuring Jon Anderson, Trevor Rabin and Rick Wakeman.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ Born and raised in West London, Wakeman intended to be a concert pianist but quit his studies at the Royal College of Music in 1969 to become a full-time session musician.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ His early sessions included playing on \"Space Oddity\", among others, for David Bowie and songs by Junior's Eyes, T. Rex, Elton John, and Cat Stevens.", "Jon Anderson __knowledge__ John Roy Anderson (born 25 October 1944), known professionally as Jon Anderson, is a British-American singer, songwriter, and multi-instrumentalist best known as the former lead singer of the progressive rock band Yes, which he co-founded in 1968 with bassist Chris Squire.", "Jon Anderson __knowledge__ He was a member of the band across three tenures between 1968 and 2008.", "Jon Anderson __knowledge__ Anderson is also noted for his solo career and collaborations with other artists, including Vangelis as Jon and Vangelis, Roine Stolt as Anderson/Stolt, and Jean-Luc Ponty as AndersonPonty Band.", "Jon Anderson __knowledge__ He has also appeared on albums by King Crimson, Tangerine Dream, and Iron Butterfly.", "On the Art of the Cinema __knowledge__ On the Art of the Cinema () is a 1973 treatise by the North Korean leader Kim Jong-il.", "On the Art of the Cinema __knowledge__ It is considered the most authoritative work on North Korean filmmaking.", "On the Art of the Cinema __knowledge__ The book sets forth several original theories, which can be applied to the practices of filmmaking, the arts, and beyond.", "On the Art of the Cinema __knowledge__ Of these the theory of literature as \"humanics\" and the \"seed theory\" are the most important ones.", "On the Art of the Cinema __knowledge__ Humanics centers on the question of a good and worthy life.", "On the Art of the Cinema __knowledge__ In art, it emphasizes truly independent individuals who are capable of transforming society.", "On the Art of the Cinema __knowledge__ The seed theory has become essential to North Korean film theory.", "On the Art of the Cinema __knowledge__ It seeks to direct all artistic creation through a single ideological foundation, or \"seed\".", "Sati (practice) __knowledge__ Sati or suttee is an obsolete funeral custom where a widow immolates herself on her husband's pyre or takes her own life in another fashion shortly after her husband's death.", "Sati (practice) __knowledge__ Mention of the practice can be dated back to the 3rd century BC, while evidence of practice by widows of kings only appears beginning between the 5th and 9th centuries CE.", "Sati (practice) __knowledge__ The practice is considered to have originated within the warrior aristocracy in India, gradually gaining in popularity from the 10th century AD and spreading to other groups from the 12th through 18th century CE.", "Sati (practice) __knowledge__ The practice was particularly prevalent among some Hindu communities, observed in aristocratic Sikh families, and has been attested to outside South Asia in a number of localities in Southeast Asia, such as in Indonesia and Vietnam.", "Jessie Vasey __knowledge__ Jessie Mary Vasey CBE (19 October 1897 – 22 September 1966) was the founder and President of the War Widows' Guild of Australia.", "Jessie Vasey __knowledge__ Jessie Mary Vasey was born on 19 October 1897 in Roma, Queensland, the eldest of three daughters of Joseph Halbert, a farmer and grazier, and his wife Jessie, née Dobbin.", "Jessie Vasey __knowledge__ Young Jessie attended Moreton Bay Girls' High School.", "Jessie Vasey __knowledge__ The family moved to Victoria in 1911, where Jessie attended Lauriston Girls' School.", "Jessie Vasey __knowledge__ In 1913, she became a border at the Methodist Ladies' College, Melbourne (MLC).", "Jessie Vasey __knowledge__ Jessie continued her education at the University of Melbourne living at Trinity College Hostel.", "Marriage __knowledge__ Marriage, also called matrimony or wedlock, is a socially or ritually recognised union between spouses that establishes rights and obligations between those spouses, as well as between them and any resulting biological or adopted children and affinity (in-laws and other family through marriage).", "Marriage __knowledge__ The definition of marriage varies around the world not only between cultures and between religions, but also throughout the history of any given culture and religion, evolving to both expand and constrict in who and what is encompassed, but typically it is principally an institution in which interpersonal relationships, usually sexual, are acknowledged or sanctioned.", "Widow conservation __knowledge__ Widow conservation was a type of marriage in Protestant Europe in the early modern age, when the widow of a parish vicar was married to her husband's successor to ensure her economic support.", "Widow conservation __knowledge__ This practice was common in Scandinavia (\"Änkekonservering\"/\"Enkekonservering\") and the Protestant parts of Germany (\"Konservierung von Pfarrwitwen\").", "Widow conservation __knowledge__ It is related to other forms of widow inheritance, including the levirate marriage known in the Old Testament as \"yibbum\".", "Widow conservation __knowledge__ At the introduction of the Protestant Reformation, priests were allowed to marry.", "Widow conservation __knowledge__ However, as they did not own the vicarage and property attached to his profession, his spouse and issue were left without a home and means to support themselves after his death.", "Lactalbumin __knowledge__ Lactalbumin, also known as \"whey protein\", is the albumin contained in milk and obtained from whey.", "Lactalbumin __knowledge__ Lactalbumin is found in the milk of many mammals.", "Lactalbumin __knowledge__ There are alpha and beta lactalbumins; both are contained in milk.", "Lactalbumin __knowledge__ Scientific studies suggest that certain types of lactalbumin (whey protein) can significantly improve immune responsiveness and increase levels of glutathione systemically in animals and possesses antiviral (against viruses), anti-apoptotic (impede cell death) and anti-tumor (against cancers or tumors) activities in humans.", "Lactalbumin __knowledge__ 1.", "Lactalbumin __knowledge__ Influence Of Dietary Lactalbumin Hydrolysate On The Immune System Of Mice And Resistance To Salmonellosis Bounous G., Stevenson M.M., Kongshavn P.A.", "Widowhood effect __knowledge__ The widowhood effect is the increase in the probability of a person dying a relatively short time after their long-time spouse has died.", "Widowhood effect __knowledge__ The pattern indicates a sharp increase in risk of death for the widower, particularly but not exclusively, in the three months closest thereafter the death of the spouse.", "Widowhood effect __knowledge__ This process of losing a spouse and dying shortly after has also been called \"dying of a broken heart\".", "Widowhood effect __knowledge__ Becoming a widow is often a very detrimental and life changing time in a spouse's life, that forces them to go through changes that they may not have anticipated to make for a significant amount of time." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Widow __knowledge__ A widow is a woman whose spouse has died and a widower is a man whose spouse has died.", "Widow __knowledge__ The treatment of widows and widowers around the world varies.", "Widow __knowledge__ A widow is a woman whose spouse has died, while a widower is a man whose spouse has died.", "Widow __knowledge__ The state of having lost one's spouse to death is termed \"widowhood\".", "Widow __knowledge__ These terms are not applied to a divorcé(e) following the death of an ex-spouse.", "Widow __knowledge__ The term \"widowhood\" can be used for either sex, at least according to some dictionaries, but the word \"widowerhood\" is also listed in some dictionaries.", "Widow __knowledge__ Occasionally, the word \"viduity\" is used.", "Widow __knowledge__ The adjective for either sex is \"widowed\".", "Widow __knowledge__ In societies where the husband is the sole provider, his death can leave his family destitute.", "Widow __knowledge__ The tendency for women generally to outlive men can compound this, as can men in many societies marrying women younger than themselves.", "Widow __knowledge__ In some patriarchal societies, widows may maintain economic independence.", "Widow __knowledge__ A woman would carry on her spouse's business and be accorded certain rights, such as entering guilds.", "Widow __knowledge__ More recently, widows of political figures have been among the first women elected to high office in many countries, such as Corazón Aquino or Isabel Martínez de Perón.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ South African criminal law is the body of national law relating to crime in South Africa.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ In the definition of Van der Walt \"et al\", a crime is \"conduct which common or statute law prohibits and expressly or impliedly subjects to punishment remissible by the state alone and which the offender cannot avoid by his own act once he has been convicted.\"", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ Crime involves the infliction of harm against society.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ The function or object of criminal law is to provide a social mechanism with which to coerce members of society to abstain from conduct that is harmful to the interests of society.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ In South Africa, as in most adversarial legal systems, the standard of evidence required to validate a criminal conviction is proof beyond a reasonable doubt.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "List of spacecraft in Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ There have been many appearances of various spacecraft in the re-imagined Battlestar Galactica science fiction television series, with the primary means of travel being FTL.", "List of spacecraft in Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ A ship in the refugee fleet.", "List of spacecraft in Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ Named after Adrasteia, in Greek Mythology, was a nymph who was charged by Rhea to raise the infant Zeus in secret to protect him from his father Cronus.", "List of spacecraft in Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ The \"Adriatic\" is one of the few civilian ships in the refugee fleet equipped with weapons.", "List of spacecraft in Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ The ship was armed with at least a battery of ship-to-ship missiles; the reason for its armament was to protect the fleet while the Galactica was off on missions (such as the attack on the tylium asteroid).", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Wow Mali is the longest-running, multi-awarded and top-rated gag show in the Philippines aired over TV5 hosted by Joey De Leon.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ The show was discontinued on May 2007 but some episodes still aired on \"Wow Mali Bytes\" and \"Wow Mali Express\".", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ On February 22, 2009, \"Wow Mali\" returned to TV5.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Following the network's second reformat after Holy Week, Wow Mali was set to return on April 6, 2009, airing every Wednesday at 7:30 PM.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ The show was again discontinued on September 1, 2010 and was replaced by a spin-off show, Wow Meganon which lasted until April 8, 2011.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Its third incarnation aired on April 11, 2011 and ended on February 26, 2012.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Sati (practice) __knowledge__ Sati or suttee is an obsolete funeral custom where a widow immolates herself on her husband's pyre or takes her own life in another fashion shortly after her husband's death.", "Sati (practice) __knowledge__ Mention of the practice can be dated back to the 3rd century BC, while evidence of practice by widows of kings only appears beginning between the 5th and 9th centuries CE.", "Sati (practice) __knowledge__ The practice is considered to have originated within the warrior aristocracy in India, gradually gaining in popularity from the 10th century AD and spreading to other groups from the 12th through 18th century CE.", "Sati (practice) __knowledge__ The practice was particularly prevalent among some Hindu communities, observed in aristocratic Sikh families, and has been attested to outside South Asia in a number of localities in Southeast Asia, such as in Indonesia and Vietnam.", "Pyre __knowledge__ A pyre (; \"pyrá\", from , \"pyr\", \"fire\"), also known as a funeral pyre, is a structure, usually made of wood, for burning a body as part of a funeral rite or execution.", "Pyre __knowledge__ As a form of cremation, a body is placed upon or under the pyre, which is then set on fire.", "Pyre __knowledge__ Pyres are crafted using wood.", "Pyre __knowledge__ The composition of a pyre may be determined through use of charcoal analysis.", "Pyre __knowledge__ Charcoal analysis helps to predict composition of the fuel and local forestry of the charcoal being studied.", "Pyre __knowledge__ Specifically in the Bronze Age, pyre materials were gathered based on local abundance and ease of access to the wood although materials were also selected due to the specific properties, potential traditional purpose, or due to economical reasons.", "List of Game of Thrones characters __knowledge__ The characters from the American medieval fantasy television series \"Game of Thrones\" are based on their respective counterparts from author George R. R. Martin's \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" series of novels.", "List of Game of Thrones characters __knowledge__ Set in a fictional universe that has been referred to so far as \"The Known World,\" the series follows a civil war for the Iron Throne of the continent of Westeros, fought between the rival royal and noble families and their respective supporters.", "List of Game of Thrones characters __knowledge__ The following cast members have been credited as main cast in the opening credits: Additionally the following cast members have appeared in 10 or more episodes of the show while maintaining a 'recurring' status: Ned Stark (season 1, 6-7) portrayed by Sean Bean in season 1 as an adult, and by Sebastian Croft in season 6 as a child, and Robert Aramayo in season 6 and 7 as a young adult.", "Death by burning __knowledge__ Deliberately causing death through the effects of combustion, or effects of exposure to extreme heat, has a long history as a form of capital punishment.", "Death by burning __knowledge__ Many societies have employed it as an execution method for activities considered criminal such as treason, rebellious actions by slaves, heresy, witchcraft and sexual transgressions, such as incest or homosexuality.", "Death by burning __knowledge__ The best known type of executions of death by burning is when the condemned is bound to a large wooden stake (this is usually called burning at the stake, or in some cases, auto-da-fé), but other forms of death resulting from exposure to extreme heat are known.", "Sharan Kaur Pabla __knowledge__ Sharan Kaur Pabla was a Sikh martyr who was slain in 1705 by Mughal soldiers while cremating the bodies two older sons of Guru Gobind Singh, the 10th Sikh Guru, after the Battle of Chamkaur.", "Sharan Kaur Pabla __knowledge__ She was from the village Raipur Rani which is 2 km from the famous town of Chamkaur.", "Sharan Kaur Pabla __knowledge__ Guru Gobind Singh escaped the fort of Chamkaur on the night of December 22, 1705.", "Sharan Kaur Pabla __knowledge__ He briefly stopped at Raipur on his way to Machhiwara.", "Sharan Kaur Pabla __knowledge__ Here he asked a lady by the name of Bibi Sharan Kaur Pabla to perform the last rites of the martyred Sikhs, which included two of Guru Gobind Singh's own sons, Sahibzada Ajit Singh and Sahibzada Jujhar Singh .", "Cremation __knowledge__ Cremation is the combustion, vaporization and oxidation of cadavers to basic chemical compounds, such as gases, ashes and mineral fragments retaining the appearance of dry bone.", "Cremation __knowledge__ Cremation may serve as a funeral or post-funeral rite as an alternative to the interment of an intact dead body in a coffin, casket or shroud.", "Cremation __knowledge__ Cremated remains (aka \"cremains\" or simply, \"ashes\"), which do not constitute a health risk, may be buried or interred in memorial sites or cemeteries, or they may be retained by relatives and dispersed in various ways.", "Cremation __knowledge__ Cremation is an alternative in place of burial or other forms of disposal in funeral practices.", "The Legend of Sigurd and Gudrún __knowledge__ The Legend of Sigurd and Gudrún is a book containing two narrative poems and related texts composed by J. R. R. Tolkien.", "The Legend of Sigurd and Gudrún __knowledge__ It was published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt and HarperCollins on 5 May 2009.", "The Legend of Sigurd and Gudrún __knowledge__ The two poems that make up most of the book were probably written during the 1930s, and were inspired by the legend of Sigurd and the fall of the Niflungs in Norse mythology.", "The Legend of Sigurd and Gudrún __knowledge__ Both poems are in a form of alliterative verse inspired by the traditional verse of the \"Poetic Edda\", compiled in the 13th century.", "The Legend of Sigurd and Gudrún __knowledge__ Christopher Tolkien has added copious notes and commentary on his father's work.", "The Legend of Sigurd and Gudrún __knowledge__ After the creation of the Nine Worlds by the Aesir, the walls of Asgard are besieged by an army of jötunns and trolls." ] ]

[ 2, 2, 3 ]

[ "I am so glad not to be a widow in a country where they isolate you. Treatment of widows varies around the world.", "It beats what they used to do in India; they burned them on the husband's funeral pyre. Around the world treatment still varies and can be severe.", "Yes a widow, a woman whose spouse has died is viewed as an economic burden." ]

[ "Widow", "Widow", "Widow" ]

[ "Iceland\nI wish I lived in Iceland I love the cold!", "Do you know if they have all four seasons there? ", "Oh that sounds like my kind of place! What is a temperate climate?", "That sounds perfect! Do you know if there is a lot of sun?", "That sounds what I want! What about the cost of living? " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Iceland __knowledge__ Iceland (; , ) is a Nordic island country of Europe located in the North Atlantic Ocean.", "Iceland __knowledge__ It has a population of and an area of , making it the most sparsely populated country in Europe.", "Iceland __knowledge__ The capital and largest city is Reykjavík.", "Iceland __knowledge__ Reykjavík and the surrounding areas in the southwest of the country are home to over two-thirds of the population.", "Iceland __knowledge__ Iceland is volcanically and geologically active.", "Iceland __knowledge__ The interior consists of a plateau characterised by sand and lava fields, mountains, and glaciers, while many glacial rivers flow to the sea through the lowlands.", "Iceland __knowledge__ Iceland is warmed by the Gulf Stream and has a temperate climate, despite a high latitude just outside the Arctic Circle.", "Iceland __knowledge__ Its high latitude and marine influence keep summers chilly, with most of the archipelago having a tundra climate.", "Iceland __knowledge__ According to the ancient manuscript \"Landnámabók\", the settlement of Iceland began in 874 AD when the Norwegian chieftain Ingólfr Arnarson became the first permanent settler on the island.", "Iceland __knowledge__ In the following centuries, Norwegians, and to a lesser extent other Scandinavians, emigrated to Iceland, bringing with them thralls (i.e.", "Iceland __knowledge__ slaves or serfs) of Gaelic origin.", "Iceland __knowledge__ The island was governed as an independent commonwealth under the Althing, one of the world's oldest functioning legislative assemblies.", "Index of Iceland-related articles __knowledge__ Articles (arranged alphabetically) related to Iceland include: - 1. deild karla - 2. deild karla - 3. deild karla - 4. deild karla - 101 Reykjavík - 12 Tónar - 1949 anti-NATO riot in Iceland - 24 stundir - 365 (media corporation) - 66°NORTH - A Little Trip to Heaven - A Man Like Me - Abortion in Iceland - Actavis - Administrative divisions of Iceland - Age of the Sturlungs - Agnar Helgason - Agreed Minute - Air Atlanta Icelandic - Air Iceland - Akranes - Akranesvöllur - Akureyrarvöllur - Akureyri Airport - Akureyri Junior College - Akureyri - Albert Guðmundsson - Albert Kristjansson - Aldeyjarfoss - Alfred Jolson - Alfreð Gíslason - All Out of Luck - Allt í drasli - Allt Sem Ég Á - Althing - Alþingishúsið - AM 738 4to - AM 748 I 4to - AMFJ - Amiina - Ampop - Andri Snær Magnason - Angel (Two Tricky song) - Angels of the Universe - Animamina - Apavatn - Apparat Organ Quartet - Architecture of Iceland - Arctic fox - Argja Bóltfelag - Ari Freyr Skúlason - Ari Guðmundsson - Ari Trausti Guðmundsson - Ari Þorgilsson - Arnaldur Indriðason - Arnamagnæan Manuscript Collection - Arnar Grétarsson - Arnar Gunnlaugsson - Arnar Jónsson (actor) - Arnar Jónsson (basketball) - Arnar Viðarsson - Arnavatnsheiði - Arngrímur Jónsson - Arnór Guðjohnsen - Arnórr jarlaskáld - Aron Gunnarsson - As Above... - Askja (building) - Askja - Asmund and Signy - Atlantic Cup (Europe) - Atlantic puffin - Atli Eðvaldsson - Atli Heimir Sveinsson - Attention (GusGus album) - Aud the Deep-Minded - Auðun Helgason - Auðunn Blöndal - Auður Jónsdóttir - August & Telma - Austur-Húnavatnssýsla - Austur-Skaftafellssýsla - Á Móti Sól - Ágúst Guðmundsson - Ágúst Gylfason - Ágúst Ævar Gunnarsson - Ágústa Eva Erlendsdóttir - Ágætis byrjun - Áki Ásgeirsson - Álafoss - Álfrún Gunnlaugsdóttir - Álftanes - Áramótaskaupið - Árborg - Árbæjarsafn - Árbær - Ármann Smári Björnsson - Árnagarður - Árneshreppur - Árnessýsla - Árni beiskur - Árni Bergmann - Árni Gautur Arason - Árni Helgason - Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies - Árni Magnússon - Árni Mathiesen - Árni Sigfússon - Árni Þorláksson - Árni Þórarinsson - Ásbirningar family clan - Ásbyrgi - Ásgeir Ásgeirsson - Ásgeir Helgason - Ásgeir Sigurvinsson - Ásgrímur Jónsson - Áskell Örn Kárason - Ásmundur Sveinsson - ÁTVR - Ba Ba Ti Ki Di Do - Bad Taste (record label) - Bakkafjörður - Bakkavör - Baldur Bett - Baldur Möller - Baldur Ragnarsson - Baldur Sigurðsson - Baldur, Manitoba - Baldwin Baldwinson - Baltasar Kormákur - Banana production in Iceland - Bandalag íslenskra skáta - Bandamanna saga - Bang Gang - Barðastrandarsýsla - Barðaströnd - Barði Jóhannsson - Barðsneshorn - Barnafossar - Basque–Icelandic pidgin - Battle of Haugsnes - Battle of Sauðafell - Battle of the Gulf - Battle of Víðines - Battle of Örlygsstaðir - Baugur Group - Baula - Bárðar saga Snæfellsáss - Bárðarbunga - Bellatrix (band) - Benedikt Sigurðsson Gröndal - Beowulf & Grendel - Berglind Ásgeirsdóttir - Bergsbók - Bergur Sigurbjörnsson - Bergþórshvoll - Bernard Bernard - Bersi Skáldtorfuson - Bessastadahreppur - Bessastaðir - Bifröst (town) - Bifröst University - Bill Sveinson - Bing Bang (Time to Dance) - Birgir Sigurðsson (writer) - Birgitta Haukdal - Birkir Bjarnason - Birkir Ívar Guðmundsson - Birkir Kristinsson - Bishop of Iceland - Bishop of Reykjavík (Catholic) - Bíldudalur - Bitið fast í vitið - Bjargtangar - Bjarki Gunnlaugsson - Bjarnar saga Hítdœlakappa - Bjarni Ármannsson - Bjarni Benediktsson (born 1908) - Bjarni Benediktsson (born 1970) - Bjarni Bjarnason - Bjarni Friðriksson - Bjarni Guðjónsson - Bjarni Herjólfsson - Bjarni Jónsson (artist) - Bjarni Jónsson - Bjarni Thorarensen - Bjarni Tryggvason - Bjarni Viðarsson - Björgólfur Guðmundsson - Björgólfur Hideaki Takefusa - Björgólfur Thor Björgólfsson - Björgvin Halldórsson - Björk (album) - Björk Guðmundsdóttir & tríó Guðmundar Ingólfssonar - Björk - Björn Bjarnason - Björn Gunnlaugsson - Björn Hjörtur Guðmundsson - Björn Jónsson - Björn Th.", "History of Iceland __knowledge__ The recorded history of Iceland began with the settlement by Viking explorers and their slaves from the east, particularly Norway and the British Isles, in the late ninth century.", "History of Iceland __knowledge__ Iceland was still uninhabited long after the rest of Western Europe had been settled.", "History of Iceland __knowledge__ Recorded settlement has conventionally been dated back to 874, although archaeological evidence indicates Gaelic monks had settled Iceland before that date.", "History of Iceland __knowledge__ The land was settled quickly, mainly by Norwegians who may have been fleeing conflict or seeking new land to farm.", "History of Iceland __knowledge__ By 930, the chieftains had established a form of governance, the \"Althing\", making it one of the world's oldest parliaments.", "Iceland in the Cold War __knowledge__ Throughout the Cold War, the nation of Iceland was a member of the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) and allied with the United States, hosting a US military presence in Keflavík Air Base from 1951 to 2006.", "Iceland in the Cold War __knowledge__ In 1986, Iceland hosted a summit in Reykjavík between United States President Ronald Reagan and Soviet Premier Mikhail Gorbachev, during which they took significant steps toward nuclear disarmament.", "Iceland in the Cold War __knowledge__ Five years later, in 1991, Iceland became the first country to recognize the renewed independence of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania when they broke away from the Soviet Union.", "Iceland in the Cold War __knowledge__ Early in World War II, the neutral Kingdom of Iceland had declined an offer of British protection.", "Cod Wars __knowledge__ The Cod Wars (, \"the cod strife,\" or \"Landhelgisstríðin\", \"the wars for the territorial waters\") were a series of confrontations between the United Kingdom and Iceland regarding fishing rights in the North Atlantic.", "Cod Wars __knowledge__ Each of the disputes ended with Iceland's victory.", "Cod Wars __knowledge__ The final Cod War concluded in 1976 with a highly favourable agreement for Iceland, as the United Kingdom conceded to a Icelandic exclusive fishery zone following threats that Iceland would withdraw from NATO, which would have forfeited NATO's access to most of the GIUK gap, a critical anti-submarine warfare chokepoint during the Cold War.", "Icelandic cuisine __knowledge__ Icelandic cuisine, the cuisine of Iceland, has a long history.", "Icelandic cuisine __knowledge__ Important parts of Icelandic cuisine are lamb, dairy, and fish, the latter due to Iceland's being surrounded by ocean.", "Icelandic cuisine __knowledge__ Popular foods in Iceland include skyr, hangikjöt (smoked lamb), kleinur, laufabrauð and bollur.", "Icelandic cuisine __knowledge__ Þorramatur is a traditional buffet served at midwinter festivals called Þorrablót; it includes a selection of traditionally cured meat and fish products served with \"rúgbrauð\" (dense dark and sweet rye bread) and brennivín (an Icelandic akvavit).", "Icelandic cuisine __knowledge__ The flavors of this traditional country food originates in its preservation methods; pickling in fermented whey or brine, drying, and smoking.", "Nordic countries __knowledge__ The Nordic countries or the Nordic are a geographical and cultural region in Northern Europe and the North Atlantic, where they are most commonly known as \"Norden\" (literally \"the North\").", "Nordic countries __knowledge__ They consist of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden, including Greenland and Faroe Islands—which are both constituent countries within the Kingdom of Denmark—and the Åland Islands.", "Nordic countries __knowledge__ The population of the Nordic countries are mainly Scandinavian or Finnish, with Greenlandic Inuit and the Sami people as indigenous minorities, since Scandinavians comprise over three quarters of the region's population and is thus the largest group by far." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Iceland __knowledge__ Iceland (; , ) is a Nordic island country of Europe located in the North Atlantic Ocean.", "Iceland __knowledge__ It has a population of and an area of , making it the most sparsely populated country in Europe.", "Iceland __knowledge__ The capital and largest city is Reykjavík.", "Iceland __knowledge__ Reykjavík and the surrounding areas in the southwest of the country are home to over two-thirds of the population.", "Iceland __knowledge__ Iceland is volcanically and geologically active.", "Iceland __knowledge__ The interior consists of a plateau characterised by sand and lava fields, mountains, and glaciers, while many glacial rivers flow to the sea through the lowlands.", "Iceland __knowledge__ Iceland is warmed by the Gulf Stream and has a temperate climate, despite a high latitude just outside the Arctic Circle.", "Iceland __knowledge__ Its high latitude and marine influence keep summers chilly, with most of the archipelago having a tundra climate.", "Iceland __knowledge__ According to the ancient manuscript \"Landnámabók\", the settlement of Iceland began in 874 AD when the Norwegian chieftain Ingólfr Arnarson became the first permanent settler on the island.", "Iceland __knowledge__ In the following centuries, Norwegians, and to a lesser extent other Scandinavians, emigrated to Iceland, bringing with them thralls (i.e.", "Iceland __knowledge__ slaves or serfs) of Gaelic origin.", "Iceland __knowledge__ The island was governed as an independent commonwealth under the Althing, one of the world's oldest functioning legislative assemblies.", "Four Seasons Arena __knowledge__ The Four Seasons Arena is a multi-purpose indoor sports and exhibition arena located in the city of Great Falls, Montana, in the United States.", "Four Seasons Arena __knowledge__ Constructed in 1979, it served primarily as an ice rink until 2005.", "Four Seasons Arena __knowledge__ The failure of the practice rink's refrigeration system in 2003 and the management's decision to close the main rink in 2006 led to the facility's reconfiguration as an indoor sports and exhibition space.", "Four Seasons Arena __knowledge__ As of May 2011 it is the largest exhibition, music, and sports venue in the city.", "Four Seasons Arena __knowledge__ Prior to the construction of the Four Seasons Arena, the city of Great Falls had no large indoor sports arena.", "The Four Seasons (band) __knowledge__ The Four Seasons is an American rock and pop band that became internationally successful in the 1960s and 1970s.", "The Four Seasons (band) __knowledge__ Since 1970, they have also been known at times as Frankie Valli and the Four Seasons.", "The Four Seasons (band) __knowledge__ In 1960, the band known as the Four Lovers evolved into the Four Seasons, with Frankie Valli as the lead singer, Bob Gaudio (formerly of the Royal Teens) on keyboards and tenor vocals, Tommy DeVito on lead guitar and baritone vocals, and Nick Massi on electric bass and bass vocals.", "The Four Seasons (band) __knowledge__ The legal name of the organization is the Four Seasons Partnership, formed by Gaudio and Valli taken after a failed audition in 1960.", "Four Seasons Hotels and Resorts __knowledge__ Four Seasons Hotels Limited, trading as Four Seasons Hotels and Resorts, is a Canadian international luxury hospitality company headquartered in Toronto, Ontario.", "Four Seasons Hotels and Resorts __knowledge__ It operates more than 100 hotels worldwide.", "Four Seasons Hotels and Resorts __knowledge__ Since 2007, Bill Gates and Prince Al-Waleed bin Talal have been majority owners of the company.", "Four Seasons Hotels and Resorts __knowledge__ Canadian businessman Isadore Sharp founded Four Seasons in 1960.", "Four Seasons Hotels and Resorts __knowledge__ While a young architect working for his father, Sharp designed a motel for a family friend; its success motivated him to try creating his own hotel.", "Four Seasons Hotels and Resorts __knowledge__ He bought a large parcel of land in a run-down area of Toronto and planned a stopover for business travellers; the Four Seasons Motor Hotel opened in 1961.", "The Wonder Who? __knowledge__ The Wonder Who?", "The Wonder Who? __knowledge__ was a \"nom de disque\" of The Four Seasons for four single records released from 1965 to 1967.", "The Wonder Who? __knowledge__ It was one of a handful of \"names\" used by the group at that time, including Frankie Valli (as a \"solo\" artist even though the Four Seasons were present on the record) and The Valli Boys.", "The Wonder Who? __knowledge__ Wonder Who?", "The Wonder Who? __knowledge__ recordings generally feature the falsetto singing by Valli, but with a softer falsetto than on \"typical\" Four Seasons recordings.", "The Wonder Who? __knowledge__ The Four Seasons evolved from The Four Lovers, which recorded under a variety of names between 1956 and 1960.", "The Wonder Who? __knowledge__ Lead singer Valli had himself recorded under several pseudonyms as well, including Frankie Tyler and Frankie Valley.", "Frankie Valli __knowledge__ Frankie Valli (born Francesco Stephen Castelluccio, May 3, 1934) is an American singer and actor, known as the frontman of The Four Seasons beginning in 1960.", "Frankie Valli __knowledge__ He is known for his unusually powerful head voice.", "Frankie Valli __knowledge__ Valli scored 29 Top 40 hits with The Four Seasons, one Top 40 hit under The Four Seasons alias The Wonder Who?, and nine Top 40 hits as a solo artist.", "Frankie Valli __knowledge__ As a member of The Four Seasons, Valli's number-one hits included \"Sherry\" (1962), \"Big Girls Don't Cry\" (1962), \"Walk Like a Man\" (1963), \"Rag Doll\" (1964) and \"December, 1963 (Oh, What a Night)\" (1975).", "Frankie Valli __knowledge__ Valli's recording of the song \"Can't Take My Eyes Off You\" reached number two in 1967.", "Four Seasons Hotel and Residences Toronto __knowledge__ The Four Seasons Hotel and Residences Toronto is a complex consisting of a 204-metre, 55-story residential condominium tower and a 125-meter, 30-storey hotel tower located in the Yorkville district in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, which opened on October 5, 2012.", "Four Seasons Hotel and Residences Toronto __knowledge__ Located at 60 Yorkville Avenue, at its intersection with Bay Street, the complex is one block east of the previous Four Seasons Hotel Toronto at 21 Avenue Road.", "Four Seasons Hotel and Residences Toronto __knowledge__ The complex was designed by Peter Clewes of architectsAlliance, and developed by Menkes Development Inc.", "Four Seasons Hotel and Residences Toronto __knowledge__ The taller tower is the 10th tallest building in Toronto, but by 2015 its position fell to 15th as other taller buildings were completed.", "Four Seasons Town Centre __knowledge__ Four Seasons Town Centre is a three-story shopping mall in Greensboro, North Carolina.", "Four Seasons Town Centre __knowledge__ Opened in 1974, it was the first enclosed shopping center in Greensboro.", "Four Seasons Town Centre __knowledge__ Currently it is anchored by Dillard's and J. C. Penney and it is the only indoor shopping mall within Greensboro's city limits; however, nearby Friendly Center, an outdoor shopping plaza, has many of the same tenants.", "Four Seasons Town Centre __knowledge__ Four Seasons today is managed by General Growth Properties.", "Four Seasons Town Centre __knowledge__ The shopping mall is located at the I-40 interchange with Gate City Boulevard (formerly High Point Road), southwest of downtown.", "Four Seasons Town Centre __knowledge__ Assembly of the land that would eventually become the site of Four Seasons Mall began in late 1958, when Joseph S. Koury, a local developer, began purchasing land south of downtown Greensboro with the intent of developing new suburban housing and shopping centers.", "Nordic countries __knowledge__ The Nordic countries or the Nordic are a geographical and cultural region in Northern Europe and the North Atlantic, where they are most commonly known as \"Norden\" (literally \"the North\").", "Nordic countries __knowledge__ They consist of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden, including Greenland and Faroe Islands—which are both constituent countries within the Kingdom of Denmark—and the Åland Islands.", "Nordic countries __knowledge__ The population of the Nordic countries are mainly Scandinavian or Finnish, with Greenlandic Inuit and the Sami people as indigenous minorities, since Scandinavians comprise over three quarters of the region's population and is thus the largest group by far.", "Atlantic Ocean __knowledge__ The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest of the world's oceans with a total area of about .", "Atlantic Ocean __knowledge__ It covers approximately 20 percent of the Earth's surface and about 29 percent of its water surface area.", "Atlantic Ocean __knowledge__ It separates the \"Old World\" from the \"New World\".", "Atlantic Ocean __knowledge__ The Atlantic Ocean occupies an elongated, S-shaped basin extending longitudinally between Eurasia and Africa to the east, and the Americas to the west.", "Atlantic Ocean __knowledge__ As one component of the interconnected global ocean, it is connected in the north to the Arctic Ocean, to the Pacific Ocean in the southwest, the Indian Ocean in the southeast, and the Southern Ocean in the south (other definitions describe the Atlantic as extending southward to Antarctica).", "Faroe Islands __knowledge__ The Faroe Islands (; ; , ), sometimes called the Faeroe Islands, is an archipelago between the Norwegian Sea and the North Atlantic, about halfway between Norway and Iceland, north-northwest of Scotland.", "Faroe Islands __knowledge__ The islands are an autonomous country within the Kingdom of Denmark.", "Faroe Islands __knowledge__ Their area is about with a population of 50,322 in October 2017.", "Faroe Islands __knowledge__ The Faroes' terrain is rugged, and the islands have a subpolar oceanic climate (Cfc): windy, wet, cloudy, and cool.", "Faroe Islands __knowledge__ Despite this island group's northerly latitude, temperatures average above freezing throughout the year because of the Gulf Stream.", "Faroe Islands __knowledge__ Between 1035 and 1814, the Faroes were part of the Hereditary Kingdom of Norway.", "Norwegian Sea __knowledge__ The Norwegian Sea () is a marginal sea in the Arctic Ocean, northwest of Norway.", "Norwegian Sea __knowledge__ It is located between the North Sea (i.e.", "Norwegian Sea __knowledge__ north of the United Kingdom) and the Greenland Sea and adjoins the Barents Sea to the northeast.", "Norwegian Sea __knowledge__ In the southwest, it is separated from the Atlantic Ocean by a submarine ridge running between Iceland and the Faroe Islands.", "Norwegian Sea __knowledge__ To the North, the Jan Mayen Ridge separates it from the Greenland Sea.", "Norwegian Sea __knowledge__ Unlike many other seas, most of the bottom of the Norwegian Sea is not part of a continental shelf and therefore lies at a great depth of about two kilometres on average.", "Norwegian Sea __knowledge__ Rich deposits of oil and natural gas are found under the sea bottom and are being explored commercially, in the areas with sea depths of up to about one kilometre.", "Atlantic puffin __knowledge__ The Atlantic puffin ('), also known as the common puffin, is a species of seabird in the auk family.", "Atlantic puffin __knowledge__ It is the only puffin native to the Atlantic Ocean; two related species, the tufted puffin and the horned puffin, are found in the northeastern Pacific.", "Atlantic puffin __knowledge__ The Atlantic puffin breeds in Iceland, Norway, Greenland, Newfoundland and many North Atlantic islands, and as far south as Maine in the west and the west coast of Ireland and parts of the United Kingdom in the east.", "Atlantic puffin __knowledge__ Although it has a large population and a wide range, the species has declined rapidly, at least in parts of its range, resulting in it being rated as vulnerable by the IUCN.", "Nordic Seas __knowledge__ The Nordic Seas are located north of Iceland and south of Svalbard.", "Nordic Seas __knowledge__ They have also been defined as the region located north of the Greenland-Scotland Ridge and south of the Fram Strait-Spitsbergen-Norway intersection.", "Nordic Seas __knowledge__ Known to connect the North Pacific and the North Atlantic waters, this region is also known as having some of the densest waters, creating the densest region found in the North Atlantic Deep Water.", "Nordic Seas __knowledge__ The deepest waters of the Arctic Ocean are connected to the worlds other oceans through Nordic Seas and Fram Straight.", "Nordic Seas __knowledge__ There are three seas within the Nordic Sea: Greenland Sea, Norwegian Sea, and Iceland Sea." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Iceland __knowledge__ Iceland (; , ) is a Nordic island country of Europe located in the North Atlantic Ocean.", "Iceland __knowledge__ It has a population of and an area of , making it the most sparsely populated country in Europe.", "Iceland __knowledge__ The capital and largest city is Reykjavík.", "Iceland __knowledge__ Reykjavík and the surrounding areas in the southwest of the country are home to over two-thirds of the population.", "Iceland __knowledge__ Iceland is volcanically and geologically active.", "Iceland __knowledge__ The interior consists of a plateau characterised by sand and lava fields, mountains, and glaciers, while many glacial rivers flow to the sea through the lowlands.", "Iceland __knowledge__ Iceland is warmed by the Gulf Stream and has a temperate climate, despite a high latitude just outside the Arctic Circle.", "Iceland __knowledge__ Its high latitude and marine influence keep summers chilly, with most of the archipelago having a tundra climate.", "Iceland __knowledge__ According to the ancient manuscript \"Landnámabók\", the settlement of Iceland began in 874 AD when the Norwegian chieftain Ingólfr Arnarson became the first permanent settler on the island.", "Iceland __knowledge__ In the following centuries, Norwegians, and to a lesser extent other Scandinavians, emigrated to Iceland, bringing with them thralls (i.e.", "Iceland __knowledge__ slaves or serfs) of Gaelic origin.", "Iceland __knowledge__ The island was governed as an independent commonwealth under the Althing, one of the world's oldest functioning legislative assemblies.", "Climatic regions of Argentina __knowledge__ Due to its vast size and range of altitudes, Argentina possesses a wide variety of climatic regions, ranging from the hot subtropical region in the north to the cold subantarctic in the far south.", "Climatic regions of Argentina __knowledge__ Lying between those is the Pampas region, featuring a mild and humid climate.", "Climatic regions of Argentina __knowledge__ Many regions have different, often contrasting, microclimates.", "Climatic regions of Argentina __knowledge__ In general, Argentina has four main climate types: warm, moderate, arid, and cold in which the relief features, and the latitudinal extent of the country, determine the different varieties within the main climate types.", "Climatic regions of Argentina __knowledge__ Northern parts of the country are characterized by hot, humid summers with mild, drier winters, and highly seasonal precipitation.", "Hidalgo (state) __knowledge__ Hidalgo (), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Hidalgo (), is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico.", "Hidalgo (state) __knowledge__ It is divided in 84 municipalities and its capital city is Pachuca de Soto.", "Hidalgo (state) __knowledge__ In 1869, Benito Juárez created the State of Hidalgo.", "Hidalgo (state) __knowledge__ He appointed as capital of the state the city of Pachuca to which was added the name \"\"de Soto\"\" in recognition of Manuel Fernando Soto, who is considered the most important driving force in creating the state.", "Hidalgo (state) __knowledge__ The state was named after Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, the initiator of the Mexican War of Independence.", "Soil __knowledge__ Soil is a mixture of organic matter, minerals, gases, liquids, and organisms that together support life.", "Soil __knowledge__ The Earth's body of soil is the pedosphere, which has four important functions: it is a medium for plant growth; it is a means of water storage, supply and purification; it is a modifier of Earth's atmosphere; it is a habitat for organisms; all of which, in turn, modify the soil.", "Soil __knowledge__ Soil interfaces with the lithosphere, the hydrosphere, the atmosphere, and the biosphere.", "Soil __knowledge__ The term \"pedolith\", used commonly to refer to the soil, literally translates \"ground stone\".", "Soil __knowledge__ Soil consists of a solid phase of minerals and organic matter (the soil matrix), as well as a porous phase that holds gases (the soil atmosphere) and water (the soil solution).", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ This list of ecoregions of North America provides an overview of North American ecoregions designated by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC) in its North American Environmental Atlas.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ It should not be confused with Wikipedia articles based on the classification system developed by the World Wildlife Fund, such as List of ecoregions (WWF) and Lists of ecoregions by country.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ The commission was established in 1994 by the member states of Canada, Mexico, and the United States to address regional environmental concerns under the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC), the environmental side accord to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).", "Climate of Argentina __knowledge__ The climate of Argentina is a complex subject: the vast size of the country and considerable variation in altitude make for a wide range of climate types.", "Climate of Argentina __knowledge__ Argentina has four seasons: winter (June–August), spring (September–November), summer (December–February) and autumn (March–May), all featuring different weather conditions.", "Climate of Argentina __knowledge__ Summers are the warmest and wettest season in most of the country except in most of Patagonia where it is the driest season.", "Climate of Argentina __knowledge__ Winters are normally mild in the north, cool in the center and cold in the southern parts with the latter experiencing frequent frost and snow.", "Climate of Argentina __knowledge__ Because southern parts of the country are moderated by the surrounding oceans, the cold is less intense and prolonged than areas at comparable latitudes in the northern hemisphere.", "Climate of Australia __knowledge__ Australia's climate is governed largely by its size and by the hot, sinking air of the subtropical high pressure belt.", "Climate of Australia __knowledge__ This moves north and south with the seasons.", "Climate of Australia __knowledge__ But it is variable, with frequent droughts lasting several seasons—thought to be caused in part by the El Niño-Southern Oscillation.", "Climate of Australia __knowledge__ The climate varies widely due to its large geographical size, but by far the largest part of Australia is desert or semi-arid.", "Climate of Australia __knowledge__ Only the south-east and south-west corners have a temperate climate and moderately fertile soil.", "Climate of Australia __knowledge__ The northern part of the country has a tropical climate, varied between tropical rainforests, grasslands and desert.", "Evolution of insects __knowledge__ The most recent understanding of the evolution of insects is based on studies of the following branches of science: molecular biology, insect morphology, paleontology, insect taxonomy, evolution, embryology, bioinformatics and scientific computing.", "Evolution of insects __knowledge__ It is estimated that the class of insects originated on Earth about 480 million years ago, in the Ordovician, at about the same time terrestrial plants appeared.", "Evolution of insects __knowledge__ Insects evolved from a group of crustaceans.", "Evolution of insects __knowledge__ The first insects were land bound, but about 400 million years ago in the Devonian period one lineage of insects evolved flight, the first animals to do so.", "Gulf Stream __knowledge__ The Gulf Stream, together with its northern extension the North Atlantic Drift, is a warm and swift Atlantic ocean current that originates in the Gulf of Mexico and stretches to the tip of Florida, and follows the eastern coastlines of the United States and Newfoundland before crossing the Atlantic Ocean.", "Gulf Stream __knowledge__ The process of western intensification causes the Gulf Stream to be a northward accelerating current off the east coast of North America.", "Gulf Stream __knowledge__ At about , it splits in two, with the northern stream, the North Atlantic Drift, crossing to Northern Europe and the southern stream, the Canary Current, recirculating off West Africa.", "Atlantic Ocean __knowledge__ The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest of the world's oceans with a total area of about .", "Atlantic Ocean __knowledge__ It covers approximately 20 percent of the Earth's surface and about 29 percent of its water surface area.", "Atlantic Ocean __knowledge__ It separates the \"Old World\" from the \"New World\".", "Atlantic Ocean __knowledge__ The Atlantic Ocean occupies an elongated, S-shaped basin extending longitudinally between Eurasia and Africa to the east, and the Americas to the west.", "Atlantic Ocean __knowledge__ As one component of the interconnected global ocean, it is connected in the north to the Arctic Ocean, to the Pacific Ocean in the southwest, the Indian Ocean in the southeast, and the Southern Ocean in the south (other definitions describe the Atlantic as extending southward to Antarctica).", "Latitude of the Gulf Stream and the Gulf Stream north wall index __knowledge__ The Gulf Stream separates from the US coast near Cape Hatteras (35°N, 75°W) and then travels eastwards across the North Atlantic, becoming the North Atlantic current at about 55°W.", "Latitude of the Gulf Stream and the Gulf Stream north wall index __knowledge__ In the region between 75°W and 55°W it is subject to meanders and is frequently accompanied by eddies.", "Latitude of the Gulf Stream and the Gulf Stream north wall index __knowledge__ The northern edge of the current is marked by a sharp fall in temperature.", "Latitude of the Gulf Stream and the Gulf Stream north wall index __knowledge__ This is also the case at much greater depths, so that the warm current is pressed up against a wall of cold water, called the ‘north wall’.", "Latitude of the Gulf Stream and the Gulf Stream north wall index __knowledge__ Monthly charts of the path of the north wall of the Gulf Stream have been available from surface, aircraft and satellite observations since 1966 and these have been used in several studies of the path’s variability.", "Shutdown of thermohaline circulation __knowledge__ A shutdown or slowdown of the thermohaline circulation is an effect of global warming on a major ocean circulation.", "Shutdown of thermohaline circulation __knowledge__ Data from NASA in 2010 suggested that the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) has not slowed down, but may have actually sped up slightly since 1993.", "Shutdown of thermohaline circulation __knowledge__ A 2015 study suggested that the AMOC has weakened by 15-20% in 200 years.", "Shutdown of thermohaline circulation __knowledge__ Don Chambers from the University of South Florida College of Marine Science mentioned, \"The major effect of a slowing AMOC is expected to be cooler winters and summers around the North Atlantic, and small regional increases in sea level on the North American coast.\"", "Warm core ring __knowledge__ A warm core ring is a type of mesoscale eddy which breaks off from an ocean current, e.g.", "Warm core ring __knowledge__ the Gulf Stream or the Kuroshio Current.", "Warm core ring __knowledge__ The ring is an independent circulatory system of warm water which can persist for several months.", "Warm core ring __knowledge__ The rest of this article will use the Gulf Stream by way of an example but these mesoscale eddies also form in most powerful ocean currents, such as the Kuroshio or Agulhas currents.", "Warm core ring __knowledge__ Such rings can be detected using infrared satellites or sea height anomalies and are easily identifiable against the surrounding colder waters.", "Warm core ring __knowledge__ These systems will drift west from their origin at the Gulf Stream until they break apart on the coastal shelf or are reabsorbed by the Gulf Stream." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Iceland __knowledge__ Iceland (; , ) is a Nordic island country of Europe located in the North Atlantic Ocean.", "Iceland __knowledge__ It has a population of and an area of , making it the most sparsely populated country in Europe.", "Iceland __knowledge__ The capital and largest city is Reykjavík.", "Iceland __knowledge__ Reykjavík and the surrounding areas in the southwest of the country are home to over two-thirds of the population.", "Iceland __knowledge__ Iceland is volcanically and geologically active.", "Iceland __knowledge__ The interior consists of a plateau characterised by sand and lava fields, mountains, and glaciers, while many glacial rivers flow to the sea through the lowlands.", "Iceland __knowledge__ Iceland is warmed by the Gulf Stream and has a temperate climate, despite a high latitude just outside the Arctic Circle.", "Iceland __knowledge__ Its high latitude and marine influence keep summers chilly, with most of the archipelago having a tundra climate.", "Iceland __knowledge__ According to the ancient manuscript \"Landnámabók\", the settlement of Iceland began in 874 AD when the Norwegian chieftain Ingólfr Arnarson became the first permanent settler on the island.", "Iceland __knowledge__ In the following centuries, Norwegians, and to a lesser extent other Scandinavians, emigrated to Iceland, bringing with them thralls (i.e.", "Iceland __knowledge__ slaves or serfs) of Gaelic origin.", "Iceland __knowledge__ The island was governed as an independent commonwealth under the Althing, one of the world's oldest functioning legislative assemblies.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Pet Sounds is the eleventh studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released on May 16, 1966.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ It initially met with a lukewarm critical and commercial response in the United States, peaking at number 10 in the \"Billboard\" 200, a significantly lower placement than the band's preceding albums.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the album was hailed by its music press and was an immediate commercial success, peaking at number 2 in the UK Top 40 Albums Chart and remaining among the top ten positions for six months.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Originally promoted as \"the most progressive pop album ever\", \"Pet Sounds\" attracted recognition for its ambitious recording and unusually sophisticated music, and is widely considered to be one of the most influential albums in music history.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Marie Daulne __knowledge__ Marie Daulne (born 20 October 1964) is a Belgian singer.", "Marie Daulne __knowledge__ Daulne was born in Isiro, Haut-Uele District, Democratic Republic of the Congo to a Belgian who was killed that same year by Simba rebels, and to a local Congolese woman.", "Marie Daulne __knowledge__ Daulne and her mother and sisters were airlifted out to Kinshasa in an emergency evacuation by Belgian paratroopers and flown to Belgium because their father had been a Belgian citizen.", "Marie Daulne __knowledge__ Daulne was raised in Belgium and as of 2007 calls Brussels home, but lived in New York City for three years starting in 2000.", "Marie Daulne __knowledge__ Daulne is the founder and lead singer of the music group Zap Mama whose second album, \"Adventures in Afropea 1,\" \"became 1993's best-selling world music album and established Zap Mama as an international concert sensation.\"", "Sex selection __knowledge__ Sex selection is the attempt to control the sex of the offspring to achieve a desired sex.", "Sex selection __knowledge__ It can be accomplished in several ways, both pre- and post-implantation of an embryo, as well as at childbirth.", "Sex selection __knowledge__ It has been marketed under the title family balancing.", "Sex selection __knowledge__ According to the United Nations Population Fund, the reasons behind sex selection are due to three factors and provide an understanding for sex ratio imbalances as well as to project future trends.", "Sex selection __knowledge__ The factors are: (1) A preference for sons which stems from household structures “in which girls and women have a marginal social, economic and symbolic position, and consequently enjoy fewer rights.” These household structures also focus on security in which sons are expected to provide support to their parents throughout their life; (2) Technological growth of prenatal diagnosis which allows parents to know the sex of their unborn child; and (3) Low fertility which increases the need for sex selection by reducing the probability of having a daughter in smaller families.", "Hound Dog (song) __knowledge__ \"Hound Dog\" is a twelve-bar blues song written by Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller.", "Hound Dog (song) __knowledge__ Recorded originally by Willie Mae \"Big Mama\" Thornton on August 13, 1952, in Los Angeles and released by Peacock Records in late February 1953, \"Hound Dog\" was Thornton's only hit record, selling over 500,000 copies, spending 14 weeks in the R&B charts, including seven weeks at number one.", "Hound Dog (song) __knowledge__ Thornton's recording of \"Hound Dog\" is listed as one of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's \"500 Songs That Shaped Rock and Roll\", and was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame in February 2013.", "Hound Dog (song) __knowledge__ \"Hound Dog\" has been recorded more than 250 times.", "Nashville Sounds __knowledge__ The Nashville Sounds are a Minor League Baseball team of the Pacific Coast League (PCL) and the Triple-A affiliate of the Oakland Athletics.", "Nashville Sounds __knowledge__ They are located in Nashville, Tennessee, and are named for the city's association with the music industry.", "Nashville Sounds __knowledge__ The team plays its home games at First Tennessee Park which opened in 2015 and is partially located on the site of the historic Sulphur Dell ballpark.", "Nashville Sounds __knowledge__ The Sounds previously played at Herschel Greer Stadium from its opening in 1978 until the end of the 2014 season.", "Nashville Sounds __knowledge__ Established as an expansion team of the Double-A Southern League in 1978, the Sounds were replaced by a Triple-A American Association team in 1985.", "Justine O'Brien __knowledge__ Dr Justine K. O'Brien, an Australian zoologist, is best known for her use of reproductive research to assist in wildlife management and conservation.", "Justine O'Brien __knowledge__ O'Brien graduated from the University of Sydney in 1993 with a Bachelor of Science in Agriculture and in 1998 was awarded a PhD from the University's Faculty of Veterinary Science for her thesis on the production of offspring from pre-pubertal livestock using in vitro fertilization techniques and sperm sexing technology.", "Justine O'Brien __knowledge__ She went on to complete a Postdoctoral Fellowship at the Cincinnati Zoo and Botanical Garden's Center for Research of Endangered Wildlife where she gained specialist knowledge in coordinating and conducting conservation-based research programs in a zoo setting.", "Climate of India __knowledge__ The Climate of India comprises a wide range of weather conditions across a vast geographic scale and varied topography, making generalisations difficult.", "Climate of India __knowledge__ Based on the Köppen system, India hosts six major climatic subtypes, ranging from arid desert in the west, alpine tundra and glaciers in the north, and humid tropical regions supporting rainforests in the southwest and the island territories.", "Climate of India __knowledge__ Many regions have starkly different microclimates.", "Climate of India __knowledge__ The nation has four seasons: winter (December, January and February), summer (March, April and May), a monsoon rainy season (June to September), and a post-monsoon period (October to November).", "Mediterranean climate __knowledge__ A Mediterranean climate or dry summer climate, is the climate typical of areas in the Mediterranean Basin.", "Mediterranean climate __knowledge__ The Mediterranean climate is usually characterized by rainy winters and dry, warm to hot summers.", "Mediterranean climate __knowledge__ While the climate receives its name from the Mediterranean Sea, an area where this climate is commonplace, it is also present in other areas of the planet, although with variations in the distribution of temperatures.", "Mediterranean climate __knowledge__ In addition to the Mediterranean Basin, the climate is also found in most of California in the United States, in extreme southwestern British Columbia in Canada, in parts of Western and South Australia, in southwestern South Africa, sections of Western and Central Asia, and in Central Chile.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ This list of ecoregions of North America provides an overview of North American ecoregions designated by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC) in its North American Environmental Atlas.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ It should not be confused with Wikipedia articles based on the classification system developed by the World Wildlife Fund, such as List of ecoregions (WWF) and Lists of ecoregions by country.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ The commission was established in 1994 by the member states of Canada, Mexico, and the United States to address regional environmental concerns under the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC), the environmental side accord to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).", "Climate of Argentina __knowledge__ The climate of Argentina is a complex subject: the vast size of the country and considerable variation in altitude make for a wide range of climate types.", "Climate of Argentina __knowledge__ Argentina has four seasons: winter (June–August), spring (September–November), summer (December–February) and autumn (March–May), all featuring different weather conditions.", "Climate of Argentina __knowledge__ Summers are the warmest and wettest season in most of the country except in most of Patagonia where it is the driest season.", "Climate of Argentina __knowledge__ Winters are normally mild in the north, cool in the center and cold in the southern parts with the latter experiencing frequent frost and snow.", "Climate of Argentina __knowledge__ Because southern parts of the country are moderated by the surrounding oceans, the cold is less intense and prolonged than areas at comparable latitudes in the northern hemisphere.", "Humid subtropical climate __knowledge__ A humid subtropical climate is a zone of climate characterized by hot and humid summers, and mild winters.", "Humid subtropical climate __knowledge__ These climates normally lie on the southeast side of all continents, generally between latitudes 25° and 35° and are located poleward from adjacent tropical climates.", "Humid subtropical climate __knowledge__ While many subtropical climates tend to be located at or near coastal locations, in some cases they extend inland, most notably in China and the United States.", "Humid subtropical climate __knowledge__ Under the Köppen climate classification, Cfa and Cwa climates are either described as humid subtropical climates or mild temperate climates.", "Humid subtropical climate __knowledge__ This climate features mean temperatures in the coldest month between and and mean temperatures in the warmest month or higher.", "Climate of Rawalpindi __knowledge__ Rawalpindi features a humid subtropical climate (Köppen: Cwa) with long and hot summers, a monsoon and short, mild and wet winters.", "Climate of Rawalpindi __knowledge__ Its climate is classified as very similar to its twin city Islamabad, but the geographical location and extreme urbanization of Rawalpindi has led to weather and climatic conditions that are notably different from its twin.", "Climate of Rawalpindi __knowledge__ Rawalpindi's weather has historically been known to change rather quickly due to its proximity to Himalayas and the Pir Panjal Range.", "Climate of Rawalpindi __knowledge__ These mountains not only influence the weather of the city, but also provide great recreation during the hot months." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Iceland __knowledge__ Iceland (; , ) is a Nordic island country of Europe located in the North Atlantic Ocean.", "Iceland __knowledge__ It has a population of and an area of , making it the most sparsely populated country in Europe.", "Iceland __knowledge__ The capital and largest city is Reykjavík.", "Iceland __knowledge__ Reykjavík and the surrounding areas in the southwest of the country are home to over two-thirds of the population.", "Iceland __knowledge__ Iceland is volcanically and geologically active.", "Iceland __knowledge__ The interior consists of a plateau characterised by sand and lava fields, mountains, and glaciers, while many glacial rivers flow to the sea through the lowlands.", "Iceland __knowledge__ Iceland is warmed by the Gulf Stream and has a temperate climate, despite a high latitude just outside the Arctic Circle.", "Iceland __knowledge__ Its high latitude and marine influence keep summers chilly, with most of the archipelago having a tundra climate.", "Iceland __knowledge__ According to the ancient manuscript \"Landnámabók\", the settlement of Iceland began in 874 AD when the Norwegian chieftain Ingólfr Arnarson became the first permanent settler on the island.", "Iceland __knowledge__ In the following centuries, Norwegians, and to a lesser extent other Scandinavians, emigrated to Iceland, bringing with them thralls (i.e.", "Iceland __knowledge__ slaves or serfs) of Gaelic origin.", "Iceland __knowledge__ The island was governed as an independent commonwealth under the Althing, one of the world's oldest functioning legislative assemblies.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Pet Sounds is the eleventh studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released on May 16, 1966.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ It initially met with a lukewarm critical and commercial response in the United States, peaking at number 10 in the \"Billboard\" 200, a significantly lower placement than the band's preceding albums.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the album was hailed by its music press and was an immediate commercial success, peaking at number 2 in the UK Top 40 Albums Chart and remaining among the top ten positions for six months.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Originally promoted as \"the most progressive pop album ever\", \"Pet Sounds\" attracted recognition for its ambitious recording and unusually sophisticated music, and is widely considered to be one of the most influential albums in music history.", "Nashville Sounds __knowledge__ The Nashville Sounds are a Minor League Baseball team of the Pacific Coast League (PCL) and the Triple-A affiliate of the Oakland Athletics.", "Nashville Sounds __knowledge__ They are located in Nashville, Tennessee, and are named for the city's association with the music industry.", "Nashville Sounds __knowledge__ The team plays its home games at First Tennessee Park which opened in 2015 and is partially located on the site of the historic Sulphur Dell ballpark.", "Nashville Sounds __knowledge__ The Sounds previously played at Herschel Greer Stadium from its opening in 1978 until the end of the 2014 season.", "Nashville Sounds __knowledge__ Established as an expansion team of the Double-A Southern League in 1978, the Sounds were replaced by a Triple-A American Association team in 1985.", "Sound masking __knowledge__ Sound masking is the addition of sound created by special digital generators and distributed by normally unseen speakers through an area to reduce distractions or provide confidentiality where needed.", "Sound masking __knowledge__ The sound is broad band random that conveys no information about itself to a listener.", "Sound masking __knowledge__ It is often referred to erroneously as white noise or pink noise; the sound spectrum and level is specially shaped to provide the degree of privacy desired by occupants.", "Sound masking __knowledge__ Masking operates by covering up or masking unwanted sounds, similar to perfume that covers up other odors.", "Sound masking __knowledge__ This is in contrast to the technique of active noise control which attempts to eliminate the unwanted sound.", "Origin of speech __knowledge__ The origin of speech refers to the more general problem of the origin of language in the context of the physiological development of the human speech organs such as the tongue, lips and vocal organs used to produce phonological units in all human languages.", "Origin of speech __knowledge__ Although related to the more general problem of the origin of language, the evolution of distinctively human speech capacities has become a distinct and in many ways separate area of scientific research.", "Origin of speech __knowledge__ The topic is a separate one because language is not necessarily spoken: it can equally be written or signed.", "Origin of speech __knowledge__ Speech is in this sense optional, although it is the default modality for language.", "Marie Daulne __knowledge__ Marie Daulne (born 20 October 1964) is a Belgian singer.", "Marie Daulne __knowledge__ Daulne was born in Isiro, Haut-Uele District, Democratic Republic of the Congo to a Belgian who was killed that same year by Simba rebels, and to a local Congolese woman.", "Marie Daulne __knowledge__ Daulne and her mother and sisters were airlifted out to Kinshasa in an emergency evacuation by Belgian paratroopers and flown to Belgium because their father had been a Belgian citizen.", "Marie Daulne __knowledge__ Daulne was raised in Belgium and as of 2007 calls Brussels home, but lived in New York City for three years starting in 2000.", "Marie Daulne __knowledge__ Daulne is the founder and lead singer of the music group Zap Mama whose second album, \"Adventures in Afropea 1,\" \"became 1993's best-selling world music album and established Zap Mama as an international concert sensation.\"", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement __knowledge__ The Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement is a defence procurement project of the Canadian government to purchase Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Joint Strike Fighters for the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF), a process started in 1997.", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement __knowledge__ The F-35 procurement has been a source of considerable controversy in public policy circles in Canada since the federal government announced its intention to purchase the aircraft in 2010.", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement __knowledge__ In April 2012, with the release of a highly critical Auditor General of Canada report on the failures of the government's F-35 program, the procurement was labelled a national \"scandal\" and \"fiasco\" by the media.", "Polar climate __knowledge__ The polar climate regions are characterized by a lack of warm summers.", "Polar climate __knowledge__ Every month in a polar climate has an average temperature of less than .", "Polar climate __knowledge__ Regions with polar climate cover more than 20% of the Earth.", "Polar climate __knowledge__ The sun shines for long hours in the summer, and for many fewer hours in the winter.", "Polar climate __knowledge__ A polar climate results in treeless tundra, glaciers, or a permanent or semi-permanent layer of ice.", "Polar climate __knowledge__ It has cool summers and very cold winters.", "Polar climate __knowledge__ There are two types of polar climate: ET, or tundra climate; and EF, or ice cap climate.", "Polar climate __knowledge__ A tundra climate is characterized by having at least one month whose average temperature is above , while an ice cap climate has no months above .", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ This list of ecoregions of North America provides an overview of North American ecoregions designated by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC) in its North American Environmental Atlas.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ It should not be confused with Wikipedia articles based on the classification system developed by the World Wildlife Fund, such as List of ecoregions (WWF) and Lists of ecoregions by country.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ The commission was established in 1994 by the member states of Canada, Mexico, and the United States to address regional environmental concerns under the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC), the environmental side accord to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).", "Geography of Norway __knowledge__ Norway is a country located in Northern Europe on the western and northern part of the Scandinavian Peninsula, bordering the North Sea to the southwest and the Skagerrak inlet to the south, the North Atlantic Ocean (Norwegian Sea) in the west and the Barents Sea to the northeast.", "Geography of Norway __knowledge__ Norway has a long land border with Sweden to the east, a shorter one with Finland in the northeast and a still shorter border with Russia in the far northeast.", "Geography of Norway __knowledge__ Norway has a very elongated shape, one of the longest and most rugged coastlines in the world, and some 50,000 islands off the extremely indented coastline.", "Geography of Norway __knowledge__ Mainland Norway (\"fastlands-norge\") covers 13° latitude, from 58°N to more than 71°N, (Svalbard north to 81°N), and covers the longitude from 5°E in Solund to 31°E in Vardø (Jan Mayen to 9°W, Kvitøya to 33°E).", "Geography of Newfoundland and Labrador __knowledge__ Newfoundland and Labrador is the easternmost province in Canada.", "Geography of Newfoundland and Labrador __knowledge__ The Strait of Belle Isle separates the province into two geographical divisions, Labrador and the island of Newfoundland.", "Geography of Newfoundland and Labrador __knowledge__ The province also includes over seven thousand small islands.", "Geography of Newfoundland and Labrador __knowledge__ Labrador is the easternmost part of the Canadian Shield, a vast area of ancient metamorphic rock comprising much of northeastern North America.", "Geography of Newfoundland and Labrador __knowledge__ Colliding tectonic plates have shaped much of the geology of Newfoundland.", "Geography of Newfoundland and Labrador __knowledge__ Gros Morne National Park has a reputation of being an outstanding example of tectonics at work, and as such has been designated a World Heritage Site.", "Ice cap climate __knowledge__ An ice cap climate is a polar climate where the temperature never exceeds .", "Ice cap climate __knowledge__ The climate covers areas in or near the polar regions, such as Antarctica and Greenland, as well as the highest mountaintops.", "Ice cap climate __knowledge__ Such areas are covered by a permanent layer of ice and have no vegetation, but they may have animal life, that usually feeds from the oceans.", "Ice cap climate __knowledge__ Ice cap climates are inhospitable to human life.", "Ice cap climate __knowledge__ Antarctica, the coldest continent on Earth, sustains no permanent human residents, but has some civil inhabitants in proximity to research stations in coastal settlements that are maritime polar and there are some communities that are situated in a transitional zone between the two climates, but barely qualify as a tundra.", "Scandinavia __knowledge__ Scandinavia is a region in Northern Europe, characterized by common ethnocultural North Germanic heritage and mutually intelligible North Germanic languages.", "Scandinavia __knowledge__ The term \"Scandinavia\" in local usage covers the three kingdoms of Denmark, Norway and Sweden, but in English usage, it also sometimes refers to the Scandinavian Peninsula or to the broader region which includes Finland and Iceland.", "Scandinavia __knowledge__ This broader region is usually known locally as the Nordic countries.", "Scandinavia __knowledge__ The remote Norwegian islands of Svalbard and Jan Mayen are usually not seen as a part of Scandinavia, nor is Greenland, a constituent country within the Kingdom of Denmark.", "Tundra __knowledge__ In physical geography, tundra () is a type of biome where the tree growth is hindered by low temperatures and short growing seasons.", "Tundra __knowledge__ The term \"tundra\" comes through Russian (') from the Kildin Sami word (') meaning \"uplands\", \"treeless mountain tract\".", "Tundra __knowledge__ There are three types of tundra: \"Arctic tundra\", \"alpine tundra\", and \"Antarctic tundra\".", "Tundra __knowledge__ In tundra, the vegetation is composed of dwarf shrubs, sedges and grasses, mosses, and lichens.", "Tundra __knowledge__ Scattered trees grow in some tundra regions.", "Tundra __knowledge__ The ecotone (or ecological boundary region) between the tundra and the forest is known as the tree line or timberline." ] ]

[ 1, 7, 8, 0, 12 ]

[ "Oooh that might be too cold! Iceland is a nordic island in the atlantic ocean", "No, they have two, basically. Winter and summer. IT's warmed by the Gulf Stream with a temperate climate", "It means warm and sunny, but not too hot. Basically middle ground. It's high lattitude keeps summers chilly, though", "Not really. It's mostly a tundra climate", "Of that I am not sure, but I suspect it's higher than you think to deal with the cold. The island was governed as an independent commonwealth under Althing" ]

[ "Iceland", "Iceland", "Iceland", "Iceland", "Iceland" ]

[ "Parsons School of Design", "I haven't but I know there are many wonderful schools in NYC. What major do you want to study?", "Thats wonderful! What do you take your inspiration from?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Parsons School of Design __knowledge__ Parsons School of Design, known colloquially as Parsons, is a private art and design college located in the Greenwich Village neighborhood of Lower Manhattan in New York City.", "Parsons School of Design __knowledge__ It is one of the five colleges of The New School.", "Parsons School of Design __knowledge__ The school is widely regarded as one of the most prestigious art and design schools in the world and ranks consistently among the top art and design schools in the United States.", "Parsons School of Design __knowledge__ The school was founded in 1896 by William Merritt Chase in search of individualistic artistic expression.", "Parsons School of Design __knowledge__ It was the first of its kind in the country to offer programs in fashion design, advertising, interior design, and graphic design.", "Parsons School of Design __knowledge__ The school offers numerous undergraduate and graduate programs, ranging from architectural design, curatorial studies, to textiles and design and urban ecologies.", "Parsons School of Design __knowledge__ In addition, Parsons is known for its alumni, which consist of numerous famous fashion designers, photographers, designers, illustrators, and artists alike that have made large contributions to their respective industries.", "Parsons School of Design __knowledge__ The college is also a member of the National Association of Schools of Art and Design and the Association of Independent Colleges of Art and Design.", "Parsons School of Design __knowledge__ First established as The Chase School, the institution was founded in 1896 by the American impressionist painter William Merritt Chase (1849–1916)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Parsons School of Design __knowledge__ Parsons School of Design, known colloquially as Parsons, is a private art and design college located in the Greenwich Village neighborhood of Lower Manhattan in New York City.", "Parsons School of Design __knowledge__ It is one of the five colleges of The New School.", "Parsons School of Design __knowledge__ The school is widely regarded as one of the most prestigious art and design schools in the world and ranks consistently among the top art and design schools in the United States.", "Parsons School of Design __knowledge__ The school was founded in 1896 by William Merritt Chase in search of individualistic artistic expression.", "Parsons School of Design __knowledge__ It was the first of its kind in the country to offer programs in fashion design, advertising, interior design, and graphic design.", "Parsons School of Design __knowledge__ The school offers numerous undergraduate and graduate programs, ranging from architectural design, curatorial studies, to textiles and design and urban ecologies.", "Parsons School of Design __knowledge__ In addition, Parsons is known for its alumni, which consist of numerous famous fashion designers, photographers, designers, illustrators, and artists alike that have made large contributions to their respective industries.", "Parsons School of Design __knowledge__ The college is also a member of the National Association of Schools of Art and Design and the Association of Independent Colleges of Art and Design.", "Parsons School of Design __knowledge__ First established as The Chase School, the institution was founded in 1896 by the American impressionist painter William Merritt Chase (1849–1916).", "German involvement in the Spanish Civil War __knowledge__ German involvement in the Spanish Civil War of 1936 commenced with the outbreak of war in July 1936, with Adolf Hitler immediately sending in powerful air and armored units to assist General Francisco Franco and his Nationalist forces.", "German involvement in the Spanish Civil War __knowledge__ The Soviet Union sent in smaller forces to assist the Republican government, while Britain and France and two dozen other countries set up an embargo on any munitions or soldiers into Spain.", "German involvement in the Spanish Civil War __knowledge__ Germany also signed the embargo but simply ignored it.", "German involvement in the Spanish Civil War __knowledge__ The war provided combat experience with the latest technology for the German military.", "German involvement in the Spanish Civil War __knowledge__ However, the intervention also posed the risk of escalating into a world war for which Hitler was not ready.", "Condor Legion __knowledge__ The Condor Legion () was a unit composed of military personnel from the air force and army of Nazi Germany, which served with the Nationalists during the Spanish Civil War of July 1936 to March 1939.", "Condor Legion __knowledge__ The Condor Legion developed methods of terror bombing which were used widely in the Second World War shortly afterwards.", "Condor Legion __knowledge__ The bombing of Guernica was the most infamous operation carried out by the Condor Legion.", "Condor Legion __knowledge__ Hugo Sperrle commanded the unit's aircraft formations and Wilhelm Ritter von Thoma commanded the ground element.", "Condor Legion __knowledge__ Following the military coup in Spain at the start of the Spanish Civil War, the Spanish Second Republic turned to the Soviet Union and France for support, and the nationalists requested the support of Hitler's Germany and fascist Italy.", "Park51 __knowledge__ Park51 (originally named Cordoba House) is to be a 13-story Islamic community center in Lower Manhattan including a \"Muslim community center and a mosque.\"", "Park51 __knowledge__ The developers hoped to promote an interfaith dialogue within the greater community.", "Park51 __knowledge__ Due to its proposed location two blocks from the World Trade Center site, it was widely and controversially referred to as the \"Ground Zero mosque\".", "Park51 __knowledge__ Park51 would have replaced an existing 1850s building of Italianate style that was damaged in the September 11 attacks.", "Park51 __knowledge__ The original design included a 500-seat auditorium, theater, performing arts center, fitness center, swimming pool, basketball court, childcare area, bookstore, culinary school, art studio, food court, and memorial to the victims of the September 11 attacks.", "Mayoralty of Michael Bloomberg __knowledge__ Michael Bloomberg served as the 108th Mayor of New York City from January 1, 2002 to December 31, 2013.", "Mayoralty of Michael Bloomberg __knowledge__ He first won election in 2001, and he won re-election in 2005 and 2009.", "Mayoralty of Michael Bloomberg __knowledge__ Bloomberg said he wanted reforming public education to be the legacy of his first term and addressing poverty to be the legacy of his second.", "Mayoralty of Michael Bloomberg __knowledge__ He was known as a political pragmatist and for a managerial style that reflected his experience in the private sector.", "Mayoralty of Michael Bloomberg __knowledge__ Bloomberg chose to apply a statistical, results-based approach to city management, appointing city commissioners based on their expertise and granting them wide autonomy in their decision-making.", "NYC Ferry __knowledge__ NYC Ferry (originally called Citywide Ferry Service) is a network of ferry routes in New York City operated by Hornblower Cruises.", "NYC Ferry __knowledge__ , there are four routes connecting 17 ferry piers in Brooklyn, Manhattan, and Queens.", "NYC Ferry __knowledge__ NYC Ferry has a total of 23 vessels, providing half-hourly to hourly service on each of the routes.", "NYC Ferry __knowledge__ Prior to NYC Ferry, there had been many ferries that traversed the East River and Hudson River, although by the 1960s, almost all ferry services citywide had been discontinued due to the popularity of road and rail transit across the rivers.", "NYC Ferry __knowledge__ Ferries in New York City saw a revival in the 1980s and 1990s.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Hillary Clinton, the nominee of the Democratic Party for president of the United States in 2016, has taken positions on political issues while serving as First Lady of Arkansas (1979–81; 1983–92), First Lady of the United States (1993–2001); as U.S.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Senator from New York (2001–2009); and serving as the United States Secretary of State (2009–2013).", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In accordance with longstanding custom, during her time as Secretary of State she largely avoided taking stances on most domestic political issues.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In 2015, she announced her candidacy for the presidency.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Clinton won the Democratic primaries and formally became the party's nominee at the 2016 Democratic National Convention.", "New York Central Railroad __knowledge__ The New York Central Railroad was a railroad operating in the Northeastern United States.", "New York Central Railroad __knowledge__ Headquartered in New York City, the railroad served most of the Northeast, including extensive trackage in the states of New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Michigan, Indiana, Illinois, Massachusetts and West Virginia plus additional trackage in the Canadian provinces of Ontario and Quebec.", "New York Central Railroad __knowledge__ The railroad primarily connected greater New York and Boston in the east with Chicago and St. Louis in the midwest along with the intermediate cities of Albany, Buffalo, Cleveland, Cincinnati, and Detroit.", "New York Central Railroad __knowledge__ The NYC's Grand Central Terminal in New York City is one of its best known extant landmarks.", "Greenwich Village __knowledge__ Greenwich Village, often referred to by locals as simply \"the Village\", is a neighborhood on the west side of Lower Manhattan, New York City.", "Greenwich Village __knowledge__ Greenwich Village has been known as an artists' haven, the Bohemian capital, the cradle of the modern LGBT movement, and the East Coast birthplace of both the Beat and '60s counterculture movements.", "Greenwich Village __knowledge__ \"Groenwijck\", one of the Dutch names for the village (meaning \"Green District\"), was Anglicized to \"Greenwich\".", "Greenwich Village __knowledge__ Two of New York's private colleges, New York University (NYU) and the New School, are located in Greenwich Village.", "Greenwich Village __knowledge__ Greenwich Village has undergone extensive gentrification and commercialization; the four zip codes that constitute the Village – 10011, 10012, 10003, and 10014 – were all ranked among the ten most expensive in the United States by median housing price in 2014, according to \"Forbes\", with residential property sale prices in the West Village neighborhood typically exceeding US in 2017.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Manhattan () is the most densely populated borough of New York City, its economic and administrative center, and its historical birthplace.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Locally it is often referred to simply as \"The City\".", "Manhattan __knowledge__ The borough is coextensive with New York County, one of the original counties of the U.S. state of New York.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ The borough consists mostly of Manhattan Island, bounded by the Hudson, East, and Harlem rivers; several small adjacent islands; and Marble Hill, a small neighborhood now on the U.S. mainland, physically connected to the Bronx and separated from the rest of Manhattan by the Harlem River.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Manhattan is often described as the cultural, financial, media, and entertainment capital of the world, and the borough hosts the United Nations Headquarters.", "The New School __knowledge__ The New School is a private non-profit research university centered in Manhattan, New York City, USA, located mostly in Greenwich Village.", "The New School __knowledge__ It was founded in 1919 as The New School for Social Research, an institution dedicated to academic freedom and intellectual inquiry, serving as a home for progressive thinkers.", "The New School __knowledge__ Since then, the school has grown to house five divisions within the university.", "The New School __knowledge__ These include the Parsons School of Design, the Eugene Lang College of Liberal Arts, The New School for Social Research, the College of Performing Arts, and the Schools of Public Engagement.", "The New School __knowledge__ In addition, the university maintains the Parsons Paris campus and has also launched or housed a range of institutions, such as the international research institute World Policy Institute, the Vera List Center for Art and Politics, the India China Institute, the Observatory on Latin America, and the Center for New York City Affairs.", "New York City __knowledge__ The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ With an estimated 2016 population of 8,537,673 distributed over a land area of about , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world with an estimated 23.7 million residents as of 2016.", "New York City __knowledge__ A global power city, New York City has been described as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world, and exerts a significant impact upon commerce, entertainment, research, technology, education, politics, and sports.", "Stonewall riots __knowledge__ The Stonewall riots (also referred to as the Stonewall uprising or the Stonewall rebellion) were a series of spontaneous, violent demonstrations by members of the gay (LGBT) community against a police raid that took place in the early morning hours of June 28, 1969, at the Stonewall Inn in the Greenwich Village neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City.", "Stonewall riots __knowledge__ They are widely considered to constitute the most important event leading to the gay liberation movement and the modern fight for LGBT rights in the United States.", "Stonewall riots __knowledge__ Gay Americans in the 1950s and 1960s faced an anti-gay legal system.", "Stonewall riots __knowledge__ Early homophile groups in the U.S. sought to prove that gay people could be assimilated into society, and they favored non-confrontational education for homosexuals and heterosexuals alike.", "Parsons Paris (2013) __knowledge__ Parsons Paris is a degree-granting school of art and design in the 1st arrondissement of Paris, France.", "Parsons Paris (2013) __knowledge__ It is the European branch campus of Parsons School of Design and part of The New School, a comprehensive university in New York City.", "Parsons Paris (2013) __knowledge__ Parsons Paris currently offers bachelor's and master's degree programs, as well as study-abroad and summer programs that reflect several core areas of study at Parsons School of Design in New York.", "Parsons Paris (2013) __knowledge__ These programs include: Students make full use of the setting in Paris and Europe by connecting with local creative practitioners, cultural and civic organizations and events such as Musée des Arts Décoratifs, the Maison et Objet design trade show, and Paris Fashion Week." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Parsons School of Design __knowledge__ Parsons School of Design, known colloquially as Parsons, is a private art and design college located in the Greenwich Village neighborhood of Lower Manhattan in New York City.", "Parsons School of Design __knowledge__ It is one of the five colleges of The New School.", "Parsons School of Design __knowledge__ The school is widely regarded as one of the most prestigious art and design schools in the world and ranks consistently among the top art and design schools in the United States.", "Parsons School of Design __knowledge__ The school was founded in 1896 by William Merritt Chase in search of individualistic artistic expression.", "Parsons School of Design __knowledge__ It was the first of its kind in the country to offer programs in fashion design, advertising, interior design, and graphic design.", "Parsons School of Design __knowledge__ The school offers numerous undergraduate and graduate programs, ranging from architectural design, curatorial studies, to textiles and design and urban ecologies.", "Parsons School of Design __knowledge__ In addition, Parsons is known for its alumni, which consist of numerous famous fashion designers, photographers, designers, illustrators, and artists alike that have made large contributions to their respective industries.", "Parsons School of Design __knowledge__ The college is also a member of the National Association of Schools of Art and Design and the Association of Independent Colleges of Art and Design.", "Parsons School of Design __knowledge__ First established as The Chase School, the institution was founded in 1896 by the American impressionist painter William Merritt Chase (1849–1916).", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha Lee is a fictional character in the BBC soap opera \"Doctors\", played by Laura Rollins.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha was introduced as a Practice Nurse at The Mill by Peter Eryl Lloyd.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ She made her first appearance on Tuesday 30 September 2014.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Since her arrival in the show Ayesha has faced storylines including an on off relationship with Sid Vere, having a troubled relationship with Tyler Green, dealing with her mother Bren's alcohol and later drug addiction, being attacked by Ike and supporting Valerie Pittman through her Cancer scare.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha first arrives at \"The Mill\" as a replacement for Mandy Marquez, she is almost immediately attracted to new doctor Sid Vere.", "Mr. Wonderful (Action Bronson album) __knowledge__ Mr.", "Mr. Wonderful (Action Bronson album) __knowledge__ Wonderful is the second studio album by American hip hop recording artist Action Bronson, released on March 23, 2015, by Atlantic Records and Vice Records.", "Mr. Wonderful (Action Bronson album) __knowledge__ The album is Bronson's first for a major label, after signing to Atlantic and Vice, in August 2012.", "Mr. Wonderful (Action Bronson album) __knowledge__ It was preceded by several mixtapes and EPs, including the \"Blue Chips\" series and \"Saaab Stories\" (2013).", "Mr. Wonderful (Action Bronson album) __knowledge__ The album, recorded throughout 2014, was produced by several high-profile record producers, such as The Alchemist, Mark Ronson and Noah \"40\" Shebib.", "Mr. Wonderful (Action Bronson album) __knowledge__ The album has guest appearances by Chance the Rapper, Meyhem Lauren, Chauncy Sherod, Party Supplies and Big Body Bes.", "The Wonderful Wizard of Oz __knowledge__ The Wonderful Wizard of Oz () is an American children's novel written by author L. Frank Baum and illustrated by W. W. Denslow, originally published by the George M. Hill Company in Chicago on May 17, 1900.", "The Wonderful Wizard of Oz __knowledge__ It has since been reprinted on numerous occasions, most often under the title The Wizard of Oz, which is the title of the popular 1902 Broadway musical adaptation as well as the iconic 1939 musical film adaptation.", "The Wonderful Wizard of Oz __knowledge__ The story chronicles the adventures of a young farm girl named Dorothy in the magical Land of Oz, after she and her pet dog Toto are swept away from their Kansas home by a cyclone.", "The Runners __knowledge__ The Runners are an American electronic and hip hop production duo from Orlando, Florida, consisting of Andrew \"Dru Brett\" Harr and Jermaine \"Mayne Zayne\" Jackson.", "The Runners __knowledge__ They came together to form the team in 2000, but they have known each other since they were in kindergarten.", "The Runners __knowledge__ They both have been influenced their entire lives by producers Timbaland and The Neptunes.", "The Runners __knowledge__ Their trademark is an exhale sound effect ringing \"Ahhh\" at the beginning of their songs.", "The Runners __knowledge__ They are best known for producing the hit singles \"Go Hard\" and \"Hustlin'\", by rappers DJ Khaled and Rick Ross respectively.", "The Runners __knowledge__ They have produced songs for artists like Keyshia Cole Kevin Cossom Ace Hood, Chris Brown, Fat Joe, Juelz Santana, Nelly, Trip Lee, Jim Jones, Lil Wayne, Justin Bieber, Fabolous and Usher.", "It's a Wonderful Life __knowledge__ It's a Wonderful Life is a 1946 American Christmas fantasy comedy-drama film produced and directed by Frank Capra, based on the short story and booklet \"The Greatest Gift\", which Philip Van Doren Stern wrote in 1939 and published privately in 1945.", "It's a Wonderful Life __knowledge__ The film stars James Stewart as George Bailey, a man who has given up his dreams in order to help others, and whose imminent suicide on Christmas Eve brings about the intervention of his guardian angel, Clarence Odbody (Henry Travers).", "It's a Wonderful Life __knowledge__ Clarence shows George all the lives he has touched and how different life in his community of Bedford Falls would be like if he had never been born.", "New Zealand giraffe weevil __knowledge__ The New Zealand giraffe weevil, Lasiorhynchus barbicornis, is a highly distinctive, straight-snouted weevil endemic to New Zealand.", "New Zealand giraffe weevil __knowledge__ \"L. barbicornis\" is New Zealand's longest beetle: males measure up to 90 mm, and females 50 mm.", "New Zealand giraffe weevil __knowledge__ In males the elongated snout or rostrum can be nearly as long as the body.\"", "New Zealand giraffe weevil __knowledge__ Its Māori names include \"pepeke nguturoa\" (\"long-beaked beetle\"), \"tūwhaipapa,\" and \"tūwhaitara\", the latter two after the Māori god of newly-made canoes, because its canoe-like body and upturned rostrum resemble a waka and prow.", "New Zealand giraffe weevil __knowledge__ This species was described by the Danish entomologist Johan Christian Fabricius in 1775, from specimens collected by Joseph Banks in 1769 on Cook's first voyage to New Zealand, presumably from Ship Cove in Queen Charlotte Sound.", "Saifee Villa __knowledge__ Saifee Villa (previously known as Lakshmigiri) is a mansion at 102, Thurstan Road in Colombo 03, Sri Lanka, located between Thunmulla Junction and College House, Colombo.", "Saifee Villa __knowledge__ Lakshmigiri (built in 1910) was the stately home of Hon.", "Saifee Villa __knowledge__ A. J. R. de Soysa, Member of the Legislative Council of Ceylon, planter and musician He was the second son of Sir Charles Henry de Soysa.", "Saifee Villa __knowledge__ Born in 1869 at Brodie House (later gifted to Ceylon University College) he was educated at S. Thomas' College, Prince of Wales' College and Royal College.", "Saifee Villa __knowledge__ He completed his education at Highbury House School St Leonards-on-Sea, where he excelled as a sprinter and pursued a degree in music at Trinity Hall, Cambridge.", "University of Cincinnati College of Design, Architecture, Art, and Planning __knowledge__ The University of Cincinnati College of Design, Architecture, Art, and Planning, commonly referred to as DAAP, is a college of the University of Cincinnati.", "University of Cincinnati College of Design, Architecture, Art, and Planning __knowledge__ Located in the university's main campus in Cincinnati, Ohio, DAAP is consistently ranked as one of the most prestigious design schools in the U.S. and the world.", "University of Cincinnati College of Design, Architecture, Art, and Planning __knowledge__ The University of Cincinnati was also the only public school listed in I.D.", "University of Cincinnati College of Design, Architecture, Art, and Planning __knowledge__ Magazine's list of the top ten design schools worldwide.", "University of Cincinnati College of Design, Architecture, Art, and Planning __knowledge__ For 2005, the graduate architecture program was ranked second in the nation after Harvard and ranked as the most innovative architecture program in the nation.", "Vitamin A deficiency __knowledge__ Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) or hypovitaminosis A is a lack of vitamin A in blood and tissues.", "Vitamin A deficiency __knowledge__ It is common in poorer countries, but rarely is seen in more developed countries.", "Vitamin A deficiency __knowledge__ Nyctalopia (night blindness) is one of the first signs of VAD.", "Vitamin A deficiency __knowledge__ Xerophthalmia, keratomalacia, and complete blindness can also occur since vitamin A has a major role in phototransduction.", "Vitamin A deficiency __knowledge__ The three forms of vitamin A include retinols, beta-carotenes, and carotenoids.", "Vitamin A deficiency __knowledge__ Vitamin A deficiency is the leading cause of preventable childhood blindness, and is critical to achieving Millennium Development Goal 4 to reduce child mortality.", "The New School __knowledge__ The New School is a private non-profit research university centered in Manhattan, New York City, USA, located mostly in Greenwich Village.", "The New School __knowledge__ It was founded in 1919 as The New School for Social Research, an institution dedicated to academic freedom and intellectual inquiry, serving as a home for progressive thinkers.", "The New School __knowledge__ Since then, the school has grown to house five divisions within the university.", "The New School __knowledge__ These include the Parsons School of Design, the Eugene Lang College of Liberal Arts, The New School for Social Research, the College of Performing Arts, and the Schools of Public Engagement.", "The New School __knowledge__ In addition, the university maintains the Parsons Paris campus and has also launched or housed a range of institutions, such as the international research institute World Policy Institute, the Vera List Center for Art and Politics, the India China Institute, the Observatory on Latin America, and the Center for New York City Affairs.", "Voice activity detection __knowledge__ Voice activity detection (VAD), also known as speech activity detection or speech detection, is a technique used in speech processing in which the presence or absence of human speech is detected.", "Voice activity detection __knowledge__ The main uses of VAD are in speech coding and speech recognition.", "Voice activity detection __knowledge__ It can facilitate speech processing, and can also be used to deactivate some processes during non-speech section of an audio session: it can avoid unnecessary coding/transmission of silence packets in Voice over Internet Protocol applications, saving on computation and on network bandwidth.", "Voice activity detection __knowledge__ VAD is an important enabling technology for a variety of speech-based applications.", "Séralini affair __knowledge__ The Séralini affair was the controversy surrounding the publication, retraction, and republication of a journal article by French molecular biologist Gilles-Éric Séralini.", "Séralini affair __knowledge__ First published by \"Food and Chemical Toxicology \" in September 2012, the article presented a two-year feeding study in rats, and reported an increase in tumors among rats fed genetically modified corn and the herbicide RoundUp.", "Séralini affair __knowledge__ Scientists and regulatory agencies subsequently concluded that the study's design was flawed and its findings unsubstantiated.", "Séralini affair __knowledge__ A chief criticism was that each part of the study had too few rats to obtain statistically useful data, particularly because the strain of rat used, Sprague Dawley, develops tumors at a high rate over its lifetime.", "Strate School of Design __knowledge__ Strate School of Design (formally known as Strate College) is a French private institution for technical education founded in 1993.", "Strate School of Design __knowledge__ Its main campus is in Sèvres south-west of Paris.", "Strate School of Design __knowledge__ It is dedicated to the teaching of industrial design, 3D modeling and design thinking.", "Strate School of Design __knowledge__ The school is recognized by the French state and its design degree is certified by the French Ministry of Higher Education.", "Strate School of Design __knowledge__ 1993 Jean-René Talopp, former designer and director of the \"ESDI\" design school, founds the « Strate Collège ».", "Strate School of Design __knowledge__ 2010 The school moves to a new campus in Sèvres.", "Strate School of Design __knowledge__ 2013 Dominique Sciamma becomes the director of Strate." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 21 ]

[ "I am applying to colleges and would love to study in NYC. Have you ever heard of the Parsons School of Design, located in Greenwich Village?", "I would love to study design. It's actually one of the most prestigious art and design schools in the world!", "Believe it or not, I was greatly inspired by the Wonderful Wizard of Oz, which was illustrated by W.W. Denslow. The artwork was something that struck me from a very young!" ]

[ "Parsons School of Design", "Parsons School of Design", "Parsons School of Design" ]

[ "Steak", "oh, very interesting. what do you like with your steak", "I prefer beef steak, i like my steak well done. how do you like yours cooked?", "how often do you eat steak?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Steak __knowledge__ A steak () is a meat generally sliced across the muscle fibers, potentially including a bone.", "Steak __knowledge__ Exceptions, in which the meat is sliced parallel to the fibers, include the skirt steak that is cut from the plate, the flank steak that is cut from the abdominal muscles, and the famous Silverfinger steak that is cut from the loin and includes three rib bones.", "Steak __knowledge__ When the word \"steak\" is used without qualification, it generally refers to a beefsteak.", "Steak __knowledge__ In a larger sense, there are also fish steaks, ground meat steaks, pork steak and many more varieties of steaks.", "Steak __knowledge__ Steaks are usually grilled, but they can be pan-fried, or broiled.", "Steak __knowledge__ Steak is often grilled in an attempt to replicate the flavor of steak cooked over the glowing coals of an open fire.", "Steak __knowledge__ Steak can also be cooked in sauce, such as in steak and kidney pie, or minced and formed into patties, such as hamburgers.", "Steak __knowledge__ Steaks are also cut from grazing animals, usually farmed, other than cattle, including bison, camel, goat, horse, kangaroo, sheep, ostrich, pigs, reindeer, turkey, deer and zebu as well as various types of fish, especially salmon and large pelagic fish such as swordfish, shark and marlin.", "Steak __knowledge__ For some meats, such as pork, lamb and mutton, chevon and veal, these cuts are often referred to as chops." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Steak __knowledge__ A steak () is a meat generally sliced across the muscle fibers, potentially including a bone.", "Steak __knowledge__ Exceptions, in which the meat is sliced parallel to the fibers, include the skirt steak that is cut from the plate, the flank steak that is cut from the abdominal muscles, and the famous Silverfinger steak that is cut from the loin and includes three rib bones.", "Steak __knowledge__ When the word \"steak\" is used without qualification, it generally refers to a beefsteak.", "Steak __knowledge__ In a larger sense, there are also fish steaks, ground meat steaks, pork steak and many more varieties of steaks.", "Steak __knowledge__ Steaks are usually grilled, but they can be pan-fried, or broiled.", "Steak __knowledge__ Steak is often grilled in an attempt to replicate the flavor of steak cooked over the glowing coals of an open fire.", "Steak __knowledge__ Steak can also be cooked in sauce, such as in steak and kidney pie, or minced and formed into patties, such as hamburgers.", "Steak __knowledge__ Steaks are also cut from grazing animals, usually farmed, other than cattle, including bison, camel, goat, horse, kangaroo, sheep, ostrich, pigs, reindeer, turkey, deer and zebu as well as various types of fish, especially salmon and large pelagic fish such as swordfish, shark and marlin.", "Steak __knowledge__ For some meats, such as pork, lamb and mutton, chevon and veal, these cuts are often referred to as chops.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The Hamburger most likely first appeared in the 19th or early 20th century.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The modern hamburger was a product of the culinary needs of a society rapidly changing due to industrialization, the emergence of the working class and middle class and the demand for mass-produced, affordable food that could be consumed outside of the home.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Americans contend they were the first to combine two slices of bread and a steak of ground beef into a \"hamburger sandwich\" and sell it.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Part of the controversy over the origin of the hamburger is because the two basic ingredients, bread and beef, were prepared and consumed separately for many years before their combination.", "Steak burger __knowledge__ A steak burger is a type of sandwich prepared using steak as a primary ingredient.", "Steak burger __knowledge__ In the United States, the first steak burger offered to consumers appears to have been invented in 1934.", "Steak burger __knowledge__ Beefsteak is typically used, although other meats can also be made into steak burgers.", "Steak burger __knowledge__ They may be prepared with various accompaniments and toppings, and several restaurant versions have existed in the past and continue to be prepared in contemporary times.", "Steak burger __knowledge__ Use of the term \"steakburger\" dates to the 1920s in the United States.", "Steak burger __knowledge__ In the U.S. in 1934, A.H. \"Gus\" Belt, the founder of Steak 'n Shake, devised a steak burger and offered it to customers at the company's first location in Normal, Illinois.", "Steak 'n Shake __knowledge__ Steak 'n Shake is an American casual restaurant chain located primarily in the Midwestern and Southern United States with locations also in the Mid-Atlantic and Western United States, Europe, and the Middle East.", "Steak 'n Shake __knowledge__ Steak 'n Shake Operations, Inc. is headquartered in Indianapolis, Indiana.", "Steak 'n Shake __knowledge__ There are 544 locations, of which 417 are company-operated and 127 are franchised.", "Steak 'n Shake __knowledge__ Typical restaurant locations have sit-down, drive-thru and front-window service, resulting in a hybrid of fast-food to-go service and diner-style sit-down service.", "Steak 'n Shake __knowledge__ Many Steak 'n Shake restaurants are open 24 hours a day, seven days per week.", "Chicken fried steak __knowledge__ Chicken fried steak (similar to country fried steak) is an American breaded cutlet dish consisting of a piece of beefsteak (tenderized cube steak) coated with seasoned flour and pan-fried.", "Chicken fried steak __knowledge__ It is sometimes associated with the Southern cuisine of the United States.", "Chicken fried steak __knowledge__ Despite the name, the dish contains no chicken, but is so-named because the cooking method is similar to that of fried chicken.", "Chicken fried steak __knowledge__ Chicken fried steak resembles the Austrian dish \"Wiener Schnitzel\" and the Italian-South American dish \"Milanesa\", which is a tenderized veal or pork cutlet, coated with flour, eggs, and bread crumbs, and then fried.", "Beefsteak __knowledge__ A beefsteak is a flat cut of beef, with parallel faces spaced to a thickness of 0.5–2\" (1–5 cm), usually cut perpendicular to the muscle fibers, with a raw mass in common restaurant service ranging from 4–20 ounces (120–600 g).", "Beefsteak __knowledge__ Beefsteaks are usually grilled, pan-fried, or broiled.", "Beefsteak __knowledge__ The more tender cuts from the loin and rib are cooked quickly, using dry heat, and served whole.", "Beefsteak __knowledge__ Less tender cuts from the chuck or round are cooked with moist heat or are mechanically tenderized (\"cf.\"", "Beefsteak __knowledge__ cube steak).", "Beefsteak __knowledge__ In Australia, beefsteak is referred to as just 'steak' and can be purchased uncooked in supermarkets, butchers and some smallgood shops.", "Steak sandwich __knowledge__ A steak sandwich is a sandwich that is prepared with steak that has been broiled, fried, grilled, barbecued or seared using steel grates or gridirons then served on bread or a roll.", "Steak sandwich __knowledge__ Steak sandwiches are sometimes served with toppings of cheese, onions, mushrooms, peppers, tomatoes, and in some instances fried eggs, coleslaw, and french fries.", "Steak sandwich __knowledge__ According to the Library of Congress, the first steak sandwich sold in the United States was at Louis' Lunch of New Haven, Connecticut.", "Steak sandwich __knowledge__ A cheesesteak, or steak and cheese, is made from thinly sliced pieces of steak and melted cheese in a long roll.", "Steak sandwich __knowledge__ The cheesesteak is one of the favorite foods of the city of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.", "Skeletal muscle __knowledge__ Skeletal Muscle is one of three major muscle types, the others being cardiac muscle and smooth muscle.", "Skeletal muscle __knowledge__ It is a form of striated muscle tissue which is under the 'voluntary' control of the somatic nervous system.", "Skeletal muscle __knowledge__ Most skeletal muscles are attached to bones by bundles of collagen fibers known as tendons.", "Skeletal muscle __knowledge__ A skeletal muscle refers to multiple bundles of cells called muscle fibers (fascicles).", "Skeletal muscle __knowledge__ The fibres and muscles are surrounded by connective tissue layers called fasciae.", "Skeletal muscle __knowledge__ Muscle fibres, or muscle cells, are formed from the fusion of developmental myoblasts in a process known as myogenesis.", "Skeletal muscle __knowledge__ Muscle fibres are cylindrical, and have more than one nucleus.", "Myocyte __knowledge__ A myocyte (also known as a muscle cell) is the type of cell found in muscle tissue.", "Myocyte __knowledge__ Myocytes are long, tubular cells that develop from myoblasts to form muscles in a process known as myogenesis.", "Myocyte __knowledge__ There are various specialized forms of myocytes: cardiac, skeletal, and smooth muscle cells, with various properties.", "Myocyte __knowledge__ The striated cells of cardiac and skeletal muscles are referred to as muscle fibers.", "Myocyte __knowledge__ Cardiomyocytes are the muscle fibres that form the chambers of the heart, and have a single central nucleus.", "Myocyte __knowledge__ Skeletal muscle fibers help support and move the body and tend to have peripheral nuclei.", "Myocyte __knowledge__ Smooth muscle cells control involuntary movements such as the peristalsis contractions in the oesophagus and stomach.", "Muscle contraction __knowledge__ Muscle contraction is the activation of tension-generating sites within muscle fibers.", "Muscle contraction __knowledge__ In physiology, muscle contraction does not necessarily mean muscle shortening because muscle tension can be produced without changes in muscle length such as holding a heavy book or a dumbbell at the same position.", "Muscle contraction __knowledge__ The termination of muscle contraction is followed by muscle relaxation, which is a return of the muscle fibers to their low tension-generating state.", "Muscle contraction __knowledge__ Muscle contractions can be described based on two variables: length and tension.", "Muscle contraction __knowledge__ A muscle contraction is described as isometric if the muscle tension changes but the muscle length remains the same.", "Reduced muscle mass, strength and performance in space __knowledge__ There is a growing research database which suggests that skeletal muscles, particularly postural muscles of the lower limb, undergo atrophy and structural and metabolic alterations during space flight.", "Reduced muscle mass, strength and performance in space __knowledge__ However, the relationships between in-flight exercise, muscle changes and performance are not well understood.", "Reduced muscle mass, strength and performance in space __knowledge__ Efforts should be made to try to understand the current status of in-flight and post-flight exercise performance capacity and what the goals/target areas for protection are with the current in flight exercise program.", "Reduced muscle mass, strength and performance in space __knowledge__ From the very beginning of the U.S. human space program, serious and reasonable concern has been expressed about exposure of humans to the microgravity of space due to the potential systemic effects on terrestrially-evolved life forms that are so suitably adapted to Earth gravity.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Steak __knowledge__ A steak () is a meat generally sliced across the muscle fibers, potentially including a bone.", "Steak __knowledge__ Exceptions, in which the meat is sliced parallel to the fibers, include the skirt steak that is cut from the plate, the flank steak that is cut from the abdominal muscles, and the famous Silverfinger steak that is cut from the loin and includes three rib bones.", "Steak __knowledge__ When the word \"steak\" is used without qualification, it generally refers to a beefsteak.", "Steak __knowledge__ In a larger sense, there are also fish steaks, ground meat steaks, pork steak and many more varieties of steaks.", "Steak __knowledge__ Steaks are usually grilled, but they can be pan-fried, or broiled.", "Steak __knowledge__ Steak is often grilled in an attempt to replicate the flavor of steak cooked over the glowing coals of an open fire.", "Steak __knowledge__ Steak can also be cooked in sauce, such as in steak and kidney pie, or minced and formed into patties, such as hamburgers.", "Steak __knowledge__ Steaks are also cut from grazing animals, usually farmed, other than cattle, including bison, camel, goat, horse, kangaroo, sheep, ostrich, pigs, reindeer, turkey, deer and zebu as well as various types of fish, especially salmon and large pelagic fish such as swordfish, shark and marlin.", "Steak __knowledge__ For some meats, such as pork, lamb and mutton, chevon and veal, these cuts are often referred to as chops.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The Hamburger most likely first appeared in the 19th or early 20th century.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The modern hamburger was a product of the culinary needs of a society rapidly changing due to industrialization, the emergence of the working class and middle class and the demand for mass-produced, affordable food that could be consumed outside of the home.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Americans contend they were the first to combine two slices of bread and a steak of ground beef into a \"hamburger sandwich\" and sell it.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Part of the controversy over the origin of the hamburger is because the two basic ingredients, bread and beef, were prepared and consumed separately for many years before their combination.", "Beef __knowledge__ Beef is the culinary name for meat from cattle, particularly skeletal muscle.", "Beef __knowledge__ Humans have been eating beef since prehistoric times.", "Beef __knowledge__ Beef is a source of high-quality protein and essential nutrients.", "Beef __knowledge__ Beef skeletal muscle meat can be cut into roasts, short ribs or steak (filet mignon, sirloin steak, rump steak, rib steak, rib eye steak, hanger steak, etc.).", "Beef __knowledge__ Some cuts are processed (corned beef or beef jerky), and trimmings, usually mixed with meat from older, leaner cattle, are ground, minced or used in sausages.", "Beef __knowledge__ The blood is used in some varieties of blood sausage.", "Beef __knowledge__ Other parts that are eaten include other muscles and offal, such as the oxtail, liver, tongue, tripe from the reticulum or rumen, glands (particularly the pancreas and thymus, referred to as sweetbread), the heart, the brain (although forbidden where there is a danger of bovine spongiform encephalopathy, BSE), the kidneys, and the tender testicles of the bull (known in the United States as \"calf fries\", \"prairie oysters\", or \"Rocky Mountain oysters\").", "Beefsteak __knowledge__ A beefsteak is a flat cut of beef, with parallel faces spaced to a thickness of 0.5–2\" (1–5 cm), usually cut perpendicular to the muscle fibers, with a raw mass in common restaurant service ranging from 4–20 ounces (120–600 g).", "Beefsteak __knowledge__ Beefsteaks are usually grilled, pan-fried, or broiled.", "Beefsteak __knowledge__ The more tender cuts from the loin and rib are cooked quickly, using dry heat, and served whole.", "Beefsteak __knowledge__ Less tender cuts from the chuck or round are cooked with moist heat or are mechanically tenderized (\"cf.\"", "Beefsteak __knowledge__ cube steak).", "Beefsteak __knowledge__ In Australia, beefsteak is referred to as just 'steak' and can be purchased uncooked in supermarkets, butchers and some smallgood shops.", "Horse meat __knowledge__ Horse meat is the culinary name for meat cut from a horse.", "Horse meat __knowledge__ It is a major meat in only a few countries, notably in Central Asia, but it forms a significant part of the culinary traditions of many others, from Europe to South America to Asia.", "Horse meat __knowledge__ The top eight countries consume about 4.7 million horses a year.", "Horse meat __knowledge__ For the majority of humanity's early existence, wild horses were hunted as a source of protein.", "Horse meat __knowledge__ It is slightly sweet, tender and low in fat.", "Horse meat __knowledge__ Because of the role horses have played as companions and as workers, and ensuing concerns about the ethics of the horse slaughter process, it is a taboo food in some cultures, for example the Romani, whose culture contains a rich history of equine husbandry.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Regional variations of barbecue __knowledge__ Barbecue varies by the type of meat, sauce, rub, or other flavorings used, the point in barbecuing at which they are added, the role smoke plays, the equipment and fuel used, cooking temperature, and cooking time.", "Regional variations of barbecue __knowledge__ The meat may be ground, for hamburgers, or processed into sausage or kebabs.", "Regional variations of barbecue __knowledge__ The meat may be marinated or rubbed with spices before cooking, basted with a sauce or oil before, during or after cooking, or any combination of these.", "Regional variations of barbecue __knowledge__ The word \"braaivleis\" (; ) is Afrikaans for grilled meat.", "Regional variations of barbecue __knowledge__ The word \"braai\" (plural \"braais\") is Afrikaans for barbecue or grill and is a social custom in South Africa, Botswana, Namibia, Lesotho, Swaziland, Zimbabwe, Zambia, and Malawi.", "Baked beans __knowledge__ Baked beans is a dish containing beans, sometimes baked but, despite the name, usually stewed, in a sauce.", "Baked beans __knowledge__ Most commercially canned baked beans are made from haricot beans, also known as navy beans (a variety of \"Phaseolus vulgaris\") in a sauce.", "Baked beans __knowledge__ In Ireland and the United Kingdom, a tomato sauce is most commonly used, and they are commonly eaten on toast or as part of a full English, Scottish, or Irish Breakfast.", "Baked beans __knowledge__ American Boston baked beans use a sauce prepared with molasses and salt pork, the popularity of which has led to the city's being nicknamed \"Beantown\".", "Baked beans __knowledge__ Beans in a tomato and brown sugar, sugar, or corn syrup sauce are widely available throughout the US.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ Breakfast is the first meal of a day, most often eaten in the early morning before undertaking the day's work.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The word in English refers to breaking the fasting period of the prior night.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ There is a strong tendency for one or more \"typical\", or \"traditional\", breakfast menus to exist in most places, but the composition of this varies widely from place to place, and has varied over time, so that globally a very wide range of preparations and ingredients are now associated with breakfast.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The Old English word for dinner, \"disner\", means to break a fast, and was the first meal eaten in the day until its meaning shifted in the mid-13th century.", "Heinz Baked Beans __knowledge__ Heinz Baked Beans are a brand of baked beans produced by the H. J. Heinz Company, and sold in the United Kingdom and other countries.", "Heinz Baked Beans __knowledge__ They have been sold as Heinz Beanz since 2008.", "Heinz Baked Beans __knowledge__ Heinz Beanz were launched in 1901 as \"Heinz Baked Beans\" and were produced in the United States until 1928.", "Heinz Baked Beans __knowledge__ In 1901, Heinz Baked Beans were first sold at the Fortnum & Mason department store in London.", "Heinz Baked Beans __knowledge__ After opening its first overseas office in London in 1896, the company opened its first UK factory in Peckham, south London, in 1905.", "Heinz Baked Beans __knowledge__ This was followed by a second factory at Harlesden, north-west London in 1919.", "Heinz Baked Beans __knowledge__ Production was started at a former munitions factory at Standish near Wigan in 1946.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Bush Brothers and Company __knowledge__ Bush Brothers & Company is a family-owned corporation best known for its Bush's Best brand canned baked beans.", "Bush Brothers and Company __knowledge__ The company produces approximately 80 percent of the canned baked beans consumed in the United States, representing estimated annual sales in excess of $400 million and the processing of more than 55 million pounds of beans per year.", "Bush Brothers and Company __knowledge__ In addition, the company also offers other canned beans (black, garbanzo, pinto, and refried), as well as peas, hominy, and cut green beans.", "Bush Brothers and Company __knowledge__ Based in Knoxville, Tennessee, Bush Brothers operates plants in Augusta, Wisconsin and Chestnut Hill, Tennessee.", "Bush Brothers and Company __knowledge__ Its canned goods are sold through retail food outlets and food service operators throughout the United States and Canada.", "Baked potato __knowledge__ A baked potato, or jacket potato, is a potato that has been baked for eating.", "Baked potato __knowledge__ When well cooked, a baked potato has a fluffy interior and a crisp skin.", "Baked potato __knowledge__ It may be served with fillings and condiments such as butter, cheese or ham.", "Baked potato __knowledge__ Potatoes can be baked in a conventional gas or electric oven, a convection oven, a microwave oven, on a barbecue grill, or on/in an open fire.", "Baked potato __knowledge__ Some restaurants use special ovens designed specifically to cook large numbers of potatoes, then keep them warm and ready for service.", "Baked potato __knowledge__ Prior to cooking, the potato should be scrubbed clean, washed and dried with eyes and surface blemishes removed, and basted with oil (usually Olive oil) or butter and/or salt." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Steak __knowledge__ A steak () is a meat generally sliced across the muscle fibers, potentially including a bone.", "Steak __knowledge__ Exceptions, in which the meat is sliced parallel to the fibers, include the skirt steak that is cut from the plate, the flank steak that is cut from the abdominal muscles, and the famous Silverfinger steak that is cut from the loin and includes three rib bones.", "Steak __knowledge__ When the word \"steak\" is used without qualification, it generally refers to a beefsteak.", "Steak __knowledge__ In a larger sense, there are also fish steaks, ground meat steaks, pork steak and many more varieties of steaks.", "Steak __knowledge__ Steaks are usually grilled, but they can be pan-fried, or broiled.", "Steak __knowledge__ Steak is often grilled in an attempt to replicate the flavor of steak cooked over the glowing coals of an open fire.", "Steak __knowledge__ Steak can also be cooked in sauce, such as in steak and kidney pie, or minced and formed into patties, such as hamburgers.", "Steak __knowledge__ Steaks are also cut from grazing animals, usually farmed, other than cattle, including bison, camel, goat, horse, kangaroo, sheep, ostrich, pigs, reindeer, turkey, deer and zebu as well as various types of fish, especially salmon and large pelagic fish such as swordfish, shark and marlin.", "Steak __knowledge__ For some meats, such as pork, lamb and mutton, chevon and veal, these cuts are often referred to as chops.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The Hamburger most likely first appeared in the 19th or early 20th century.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The modern hamburger was a product of the culinary needs of a society rapidly changing due to industrialization, the emergence of the working class and middle class and the demand for mass-produced, affordable food that could be consumed outside of the home.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Americans contend they were the first to combine two slices of bread and a steak of ground beef into a \"hamburger sandwich\" and sell it.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Part of the controversy over the origin of the hamburger is because the two basic ingredients, bread and beef, were prepared and consumed separately for many years before their combination.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Steak 'n Shake __knowledge__ Steak 'n Shake is an American casual restaurant chain located primarily in the Midwestern and Southern United States with locations also in the Mid-Atlantic and Western United States, Europe, and the Middle East.", "Steak 'n Shake __knowledge__ Steak 'n Shake Operations, Inc. is headquartered in Indianapolis, Indiana.", "Steak 'n Shake __knowledge__ There are 544 locations, of which 417 are company-operated and 127 are franchised.", "Steak 'n Shake __knowledge__ Typical restaurant locations have sit-down, drive-thru and front-window service, resulting in a hybrid of fast-food to-go service and diner-style sit-down service.", "Steak 'n Shake __knowledge__ Many Steak 'n Shake restaurants are open 24 hours a day, seven days per week.", "Steak burger __knowledge__ A steak burger is a type of sandwich prepared using steak as a primary ingredient.", "Steak burger __knowledge__ In the United States, the first steak burger offered to consumers appears to have been invented in 1934.", "Steak burger __knowledge__ Beefsteak is typically used, although other meats can also be made into steak burgers.", "Steak burger __knowledge__ They may be prepared with various accompaniments and toppings, and several restaurant versions have existed in the past and continue to be prepared in contemporary times.", "Steak burger __knowledge__ Use of the term \"steakburger\" dates to the 1920s in the United States.", "Steak burger __knowledge__ In the U.S. in 1934, A.H. \"Gus\" Belt, the founder of Steak 'n Shake, devised a steak burger and offered it to customers at the company's first location in Normal, Illinois.", "Chicken fried steak __knowledge__ Chicken fried steak (similar to country fried steak) is an American breaded cutlet dish consisting of a piece of beefsteak (tenderized cube steak) coated with seasoned flour and pan-fried.", "Chicken fried steak __knowledge__ It is sometimes associated with the Southern cuisine of the United States.", "Chicken fried steak __knowledge__ Despite the name, the dish contains no chicken, but is so-named because the cooking method is similar to that of fried chicken.", "Chicken fried steak __knowledge__ Chicken fried steak resembles the Austrian dish \"Wiener Schnitzel\" and the Italian-South American dish \"Milanesa\", which is a tenderized veal or pork cutlet, coated with flour, eggs, and bread crumbs, and then fried.", "Beefsteak __knowledge__ A beefsteak is a flat cut of beef, with parallel faces spaced to a thickness of 0.5–2\" (1–5 cm), usually cut perpendicular to the muscle fibers, with a raw mass in common restaurant service ranging from 4–20 ounces (120–600 g).", "Beefsteak __knowledge__ Beefsteaks are usually grilled, pan-fried, or broiled.", "Beefsteak __knowledge__ The more tender cuts from the loin and rib are cooked quickly, using dry heat, and served whole.", "Beefsteak __knowledge__ Less tender cuts from the chuck or round are cooked with moist heat or are mechanically tenderized (\"cf.\"", "Beefsteak __knowledge__ cube steak).", "Beefsteak __knowledge__ In Australia, beefsteak is referred to as just 'steak' and can be purchased uncooked in supermarkets, butchers and some smallgood shops.", "Beef __knowledge__ Beef is the culinary name for meat from cattle, particularly skeletal muscle.", "Beef __knowledge__ Humans have been eating beef since prehistoric times.", "Beef __knowledge__ Beef is a source of high-quality protein and essential nutrients.", "Beef __knowledge__ Beef skeletal muscle meat can be cut into roasts, short ribs or steak (filet mignon, sirloin steak, rump steak, rib steak, rib eye steak, hanger steak, etc.).", "Beef __knowledge__ Some cuts are processed (corned beef or beef jerky), and trimmings, usually mixed with meat from older, leaner cattle, are ground, minced or used in sausages.", "Beef __knowledge__ The blood is used in some varieties of blood sausage.", "Beef __knowledge__ Other parts that are eaten include other muscles and offal, such as the oxtail, liver, tongue, tripe from the reticulum or rumen, glands (particularly the pancreas and thymus, referred to as sweetbread), the heart, the brain (although forbidden where there is a danger of bovine spongiform encephalopathy, BSE), the kidneys, and the tender testicles of the bull (known in the United States as \"calf fries\", \"prairie oysters\", or \"Rocky Mountain oysters\").", "Offal __knowledge__ Offal , also called variety meats, pluck or organ meats, refers to the internal organs and entrails of a butchered animal.", "Offal __knowledge__ The word does not refer to a particular list of edible organs, which varies by culture and region, but includes most internal organs excluding muscle and bone.", "Offal __knowledge__ As an English mass noun, the term \"offal\" has no plural form.", "Offal __knowledge__ Some cultures strongly consider offal as food to be taboo, while others use it as everyday food, or in delicacies.", "Offal __knowledge__ Certain offal dishes—including \"foie gras\", \"pâté\" and sweetbread—are considered gourmet food in international cuisine.", "Offal __knowledge__ Others remain part of traditional regional cuisine and may be consumed especially in connection with holidays.", "Regional variations of barbecue __knowledge__ Barbecue varies by the type of meat, sauce, rub, or other flavorings used, the point in barbecuing at which they are added, the role smoke plays, the equipment and fuel used, cooking temperature, and cooking time.", "Regional variations of barbecue __knowledge__ The meat may be ground, for hamburgers, or processed into sausage or kebabs.", "Regional variations of barbecue __knowledge__ The meat may be marinated or rubbed with spices before cooking, basted with a sauce or oil before, during or after cooking, or any combination of these.", "Regional variations of barbecue __knowledge__ The word \"braaivleis\" (; ) is Afrikaans for grilled meat.", "Regional variations of barbecue __knowledge__ The word \"braai\" (plural \"braais\") is Afrikaans for barbecue or grill and is a social custom in South Africa, Botswana, Namibia, Lesotho, Swaziland, Zimbabwe, Zambia, and Malawi.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ A hamburger, beefburger or burger is a sandwich consisting of one or more cooked patties of ground meat, usually beef, placed inside a sliced bread roll or bun.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The patty may be pan fried, barbecued, or flame broiled.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ Hamburgers are often served with cheese, lettuce, tomato, bacon, onion, pickles, or chiles; condiments such as mustard, mayonnaise, ketchup, relish, or \"special sauce\"; and are frequently placed on sesame seed buns.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ A hamburger topped with cheese is called a cheeseburger.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term \"burger\" can also be applied to the meat patty on its own, especially in the UK where the term \"patty\" is rarely used, or the term can even refer simply to ground beef." ] ]

[ 1, 8, 8, 9 ]

[ "Steak is one of my favorite thing to eat. It is meat sliced from the muscle fiber.", "normally potatoes and baked beans. steaks can come from various animals. which one do you prefer?", "Normally Medium Rare. if it is beef. if it is going to be a pork steak, i would make it well done.", "I live on a farm so we eat steak alot." ]

[ "Steak", "Steak", "Steak", "Steak" ]

[ "Track and field\nI think track and field is boring to watch.", "I just don't like that the meets last so long. Seems like they take forever.", "I enjoy watching the long jump.", "It is just fun to watch and see who gets the furthest.", "It is amazing how far some of them jump." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Track and field __knowledge__ Track and field is a sport which includes athletic contests established on the skills of running, jumping, and throwing.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The name is derived from the sport's typical venue: a stadium with an oval running track enclosing a grass field where the throwing and jumping events take place.", "Track and field __knowledge__ Track and field is categorized under the umbrella sport of athletics, which also includes road running, cross country running, and race walking.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The foot racing events, which include sprints, middle- and long-distance events, race walking and hurdling, are won by the athlete with the fastest time.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The jumping and throwing events are won by the athlete who achieves the greatest distance or height.", "Track and field __knowledge__ Regular jumping events include long jump, triple jump, high jump and pole vault, while the most common throwing events are shot put, javelin, discus and hammer.", "Track and field __knowledge__ There are also \"combined events\" or \"multi events\", such as the pentathlon consisting of five events, heptathlon consisting of seven events, and decathlon consisting of ten events.", "Track and field __knowledge__ In these, athletes participate in a combination of track and field events.", "Track and field __knowledge__ Most track and field events are individual sports with a single victor; the most prominent team events are relay races, which typically feature teams of four.", "Edwin Boring __knowledge__ Edwin Garrigues (Gary) Boring (23 October 1886 – 1 July 1968) was an American experimental psychologist, Professor of Psychology at Clark University and at Harvard University, who later became one of the first historians of psychology.", "Edwin Boring __knowledge__ A \"Review of General Psychology\" survey, published in 2002, ranked Boring as the 93rd most cited psychologist of the 20th century, tied with John Dewey, Amos Tversky, and Wilhelm Wundt.", "Edwin Boring __knowledge__ Boring was born on October 23, 1886 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and grew up in a Quaker family interested in science.", "Edwin Boring __knowledge__ His elder sister was the zoologist, Alice Middleton Boring.", "Boring, Oregon __knowledge__ Boring is an unincorporated community in Clackamas County, Oregon, United States.", "Boring, Oregon __knowledge__ It is located along Oregon Route 212 in the foothills of the Cascade mountain range, approximately southeast of downtown Portland.", "Boring, Oregon __knowledge__ Contemporarily a bedroom community, Boring is named after William Harrison Boring, a Union soldier and pioneer whose family first settled the area in 1856 in the Oregon Territory.", "Boring, Oregon __knowledge__ The community was officially platted in 1903 after the Portland Railway, Light and Power Company constructed an electric rail line, which operated from Portland to Cazadero.", "Boring, Oregon __knowledge__ The former railway is now part of the Springwater Corridor, a rail trail which begins in Boring and ends at the Eastbank Esplanade along the Willamette River in southeast Portland.", "Tokyo Park __knowledge__ Tokyo Park or is a 2011 Japanese drama film directed by Shinji Aoyama.", "Tokyo Park __knowledge__ It is based on the novel \"Tokyo Koen\" by Yukiya Shoji.", "Tokyo Park __knowledge__ It was released in Japanese cinemas on 18 June 2011.", "Tokyo Park __knowledge__ Miura Haruma takes on the role of Koji, a college student aiming to become a professional photographer.", "Tokyo Park __knowledge__ One day, he receives an unusual request to shadow the client's girlfriend and take pictures of her; this assignment leads to subtle changes in his relationships with the women around him.", "Tokyo Park __knowledge__ Nana Eikura plays the ex-girlfriend of Koji's childhood friend, while Manami Konishi plays Koji's sister after one of her parents remarries, and Haruka Igawa plays the woman that Koji is photographing.", "Boring (manufacturing) __knowledge__ In machining, boring is the process of enlarging a hole that has already been drilled (or cast) by means of a single-point cutting tool (or of a boring head containing several such tools), such as in boring a gun barrel or an engine cylinder.", "Boring (manufacturing) __knowledge__ Boring is used to achieve greater accuracy of the diameter of a hole, and can be used to cut a tapered hole.", "Boring (manufacturing) __knowledge__ Boring can be viewed as the internal-diameter counterpart to turning, which cuts external diameters.", "Boring (manufacturing) __knowledge__ There are various types of boring.", "Boring (manufacturing) __knowledge__ The boring bar may be supported on both ends (which only works if the existing hole is a through hole), or it may be supported at one end (which works for both through holes and blind holes).", "Boring Billion __knowledge__ The Boring Billion is a term coined by palaeontologist Martin Brasier to refer to the approximately one billion-year period between 1.8 and 0.8 Ga in Earth's history that is characterized by environmental, evolutionary, and lithospheric stability.", "Boring Billion __knowledge__ It has also been termed the \"Barren Billion\", \"Dullest Time on Earth\" and \"Earth’s Middle Ages\".", "Boring Billion __knowledge__ In the time leading up to the Boring Billion, Earth experienced multiple widespread glaciations, the origin of prokaryotic life, the introduction of oxygen into the atmosphere with the evolution of cyanobacteria, addition of UV-blocking ozone to the atmosphere, and the oxidizing of iron in the oceans.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ The films listed below have been cited by a variety of notable critics in varying media sources as being among the worst films ever made.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ Examples of such sources include Metacritic, Roger Ebert's list of most-hated films, \"The Golden Turkey Awards\", \"Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide\", Rotten Tomatoes, the Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\", and the Golden Raspberry Awards (\"Razzies\").", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ \"Reefer Madness\" (originally released as \"Tell Your Children\" and sometimes titled or subtitled as \"The Burning Question\", \"Dope Addict\", \"Doped Youth\", and \"Love Madness\") is a 1936 American exploitation film and propaganda work revolving around the melodramatic events that ensue when high school students are lured by pushers to try marijuana—from a hit and run accident, to manslaughter, suicide, attempted rape, and descent into madness.", "Ken Barlow __knowledge__ Kenneth ‘Ken’ Barlow is a fictional character from the British ITV soap opera \"Coronation Street\", played by William Roache.", "Ken Barlow __knowledge__ Ken was created by Tony Warren as one of \"Coronation Street's\" original characters.", "Ken Barlow __knowledge__ He debuted in the soap's first episode on 9 December 1960.", "Ken Barlow __knowledge__ Having appeared continuously since the programme's inception, December 2010 marked Ken's 50th anniversary on-screen.", "Ken Barlow __knowledge__ At this time, Roache officially became the longest-serving actor in a televised soap opera.", "Ken Barlow __knowledge__ Roache was honoured at the 2010 Guinness World Records ceremony for the achievement, when he surpassed actor Don Hastings from the American soap opera \"As the World Turns\", who previously held this title." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Track and field __knowledge__ Track and field is a sport which includes athletic contests established on the skills of running, jumping, and throwing.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The name is derived from the sport's typical venue: a stadium with an oval running track enclosing a grass field where the throwing and jumping events take place.", "Track and field __knowledge__ Track and field is categorized under the umbrella sport of athletics, which also includes road running, cross country running, and race walking.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The foot racing events, which include sprints, middle- and long-distance events, race walking and hurdling, are won by the athlete with the fastest time.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The jumping and throwing events are won by the athlete who achieves the greatest distance or height.", "Track and field __knowledge__ Regular jumping events include long jump, triple jump, high jump and pole vault, while the most common throwing events are shot put, javelin, discus and hammer.", "Track and field __knowledge__ There are also \"combined events\" or \"multi events\", such as the pentathlon consisting of five events, heptathlon consisting of seven events, and decathlon consisting of ten events.", "Track and field __knowledge__ In these, athletes participate in a combination of track and field events.", "Track and field __knowledge__ Most track and field events are individual sports with a single victor; the most prominent team events are relay races, which typically feature teams of four.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "List of Disney's Aladdin characters __knowledge__ Disney's \"Aladdin\" franchise features an extensive cast of fictional characters.", "List of Disney's Aladdin characters __knowledge__ The lead character of the series is Aladdin, who was originally a street urchin.", "List of Disney's Aladdin characters __knowledge__ During the course of the franchise, he starts living in the palace of Agrabah and becomes engaged to Princess Jasmine.", "List of Disney's Aladdin characters __knowledge__ Aladdin (, \")\", is the protagonist of the franchise, a street child who ends up becoming the prince of Agrabah after meeting Jasmine in the streets and being recruited by Jafar to retrieve the magical lamp from the Cave of Wonders.", "List of Disney's Aladdin characters __knowledge__ He is voiced by Scott Weinger when speaking and Brad Kane when singing.", "List of Disney's Aladdin characters __knowledge__ Jasmine is the rebellious princess of Agrabah, who flees the palace in revolt to her obligation to be married to a prince.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Having reformed from his violent ways, Bigby (a.k.a.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ the Big Bad Wolf) became the cigarette-smoking, trench coat-clad sheriff of Fabletown.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is extremely cunning and resourceful, in addition to being an excellent detective.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Due to Snow White's possession of a lycanthropy-stained knife, he is now a werewolf and can change between wolf form, human form and an intermediate \"wolfman\" stage at will (in \"The Great Fables Crossover\", it is revealed that Bigby's nature as one of the North Wind's sons allows him to change forms at will).", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is the son of the North Wind, and, as such, has control over the lower-tier winds, plus the \"huff and puff\" of legend.", "List of Ben 10 villains __knowledge__ Below is a list of all the villains who appear in the \"Ben 10\" universe ranging from \"Ben 10\", \"\", \"\", \"\", and \"Ben 10 (Reboot)\".", "List of Ben 10 villains __knowledge__ Each of the villains has been sorted into the TV series that he or she debuted in.", "List of Ben 10 villains __knowledge__ Voiced by: Vilgax is a warlord who is Ben's first and most recurring nemesis through the series.", "List of Ben 10 villains __knowledge__ Being of the Chimera Sui Generis (named after the mythological Chimera) race, who are able to turn into giant squid-like creatures when exposed to water, Vilgax was exiled from his home world for being ruthless, cruel, and power hungry.", "List of Ben 10 villains __knowledge__ Soon after, Vilgax meets Maltruant as depicted in the Omniverse series finale which had him indirectly learn of the Omnitrix's existence when attacked by George Washington and a mysterious figure later revealed to be Ben.", "90210 (TV series) __knowledge__ 90210 is an American teen drama television series, developed by Rob Thomas, Gabe Sachs and Jeff Judah, that aired on The CW from September 2, 2008, to May 13, 2013.", "90210 (TV series) __knowledge__ It is the fourth series in the \"Beverly Hills, 90210\" franchise created by Darren Star.", "90210 (TV series) __knowledge__ The series was produced by CBS Television Studios.", "90210 (TV series) __knowledge__ Like its predecessor, the show follows the lives of several wealthy students attending West Beverly Hills High School in the upscale and star-studded community of Beverly Hills, California.", "90210 (TV series) __knowledge__ The show later focuses on the same group of friends when they graduate and begin their lives in the adult world.", "List of Power Rangers Mystic Force characters __knowledge__ \"Power Rangers Mystic Force\" is the 2006 season of Power Rangers which tells the story of the fight between the Mystic Rangers and the evil Forces of Darkness who are trying to rule over the worlds of mortals and magic.", "List of Power Rangers Mystic Force characters __knowledge__ The powers of the Mystic Rangers are derived from beings known as the Ancient Titans, creatures with great elemental powers, symbolized by mythological creatures from various Earth mythologies on the Ranger's visors (the creatures being the phoenix, the sprite, the garuda, the minotaur and the mermaid).", "List of Power Rangers Mystic Force characters __knowledge__ To date, they are the only team of Rangers to not have some kind of team-up special with another Ranger team in their own season.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Sport of athletics __knowledge__ Athletics is a collection of sporting events that involve competitive running, jumping, throwing, and walking.", "Sport of athletics __knowledge__ The most common types of athletics competitions are track and field, road running, cross country running, and race walking.", "Sport of athletics __knowledge__ The results of racing events are decided by finishing position (or time, where measured), while the jumps and throws are won by the athlete that achieves the highest or furthest measurement from a series of attempts.", "Sport of athletics __knowledge__ The simplicity of the competitions, and the lack of a need for expensive equipment, makes athletics one of the most commonly competed sports in the world.", "Pittsburgh Panthers __knowledge__ The Pittsburgh Panthers, commonly also referred to as the Pitt Panthers, are the athletic teams representing the University of Pittsburgh, although the term is colloquially used to refer to other aspects of the university such as alumni, faculty, and students.", "Pittsburgh Panthers __knowledge__ Pitt fields 19 university-sponsored varsity teams at the highest level of competitive collegiate athletics in the United States: the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) for American football.", "Pittsburgh Panthers __knowledge__ Varsity men's sports sponsored by the university are baseball, basketball, cross country, football, soccer, swimming and diving, indoor track and field, outdoor track and field, and wrestling; while sponsored women's varsity sports include basketball, cross country, gymnastics, soccer, softball, swimming and diving, tennis, indoor track and field, outdoor track and field, and volleyball.", "North Carolina A&T Aggies __knowledge__ The North Carolina A&T Aggies are the athletic teams that represent North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University in Greensboro, North Carolina, United States.", "North Carolina A&T Aggies __knowledge__ The Aggies compete in NCAA Division I and have been a member of the Mid-Eastern Athletic Conference since 1969.", "North Carolina A&T Aggies __knowledge__ North Carolina A&T fields varsity teams in 13 sports, five for men and eight for women.", "North Carolina A&T Aggies __knowledge__ The football team competes in the Division I Football Championship Subdivision (FCS), formerly known as Division I-AA.", "North Carolina A&T Aggies __knowledge__ Home football games are played at Aggie Stadium, while basketball, volleyball, and swimming events are held at the Ellis F. Corbett Sports Center.", "Texas Longhorns men's basketball __knowledge__ The Texas Longhorns men's basketball team represents The University of Texas at Austin in NCAA Division I intercollegiate men's basketball competition.", "Texas Longhorns men's basketball __knowledge__ The Longhorns currently compete in the Big 12 Conference.", "Texas Longhorns men's basketball __knowledge__ The University of Texas began varsity intercollegiate competition in men's basketball in 1906.", "Texas Longhorns men's basketball __knowledge__ The Longhorns rank 17th in total victories among all NCAA Division I college basketball programs and 25th in all-time win percentage among programs with at least 50 years in Division I, with an all-time win-loss record of 1759–1057 ().", "Texas Longhorns men's basketball __knowledge__ Among Big 12 Conference men's basketball programs, Texas is second only to Kansas in both all-time wins and all-time win percentage.", "Kent State Golden Flashes __knowledge__ The Golden Flashes are the athletic teams that represent Kent State University.", "Kent State Golden Flashes __knowledge__ The university fields sixteen varsity athletic teams in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) at the Division I level with football competing in the Football Bowl Subdivision.", "Kent State Golden Flashes __knowledge__ Kent State is a full member of the Mid-American Conference (MAC) and has been part of the MAC East division since it was created in 1998.", "Kent State Golden Flashes __knowledge__ Official school colors are Kent State Blue and Kent State Gold.", "Kent State Golden Flashes __knowledge__ Joel Nielsen is athletic director, a position he has held since May 1, 2010.", "Kent State Golden Flashes __knowledge__ Athletic events were held during the very first semester at Kent State in late 1913, with several intramural teams for female students and a limited number of opportunities for male students.", "UCLA Bruin Marching Band __knowledge__ The 270-member UCLA Bruin Marching Band, known as \"The Solid Gold Sound\", represents the university at major athletic and extracurricular events.", "UCLA Bruin Marching Band __knowledge__ During the fall marching season, the band performs at the Rose Bowl for UCLA Bruin home football games.", "UCLA Bruin Marching Band __knowledge__ Pregame shows by the band aim to build crowd energy and enthusiasm with traditional UCLA songs like \"Strike Up the Band for UCLA\", \"Sons of Westwood\", and \"The Mighty Bruins\".", "UCLA Bruin Marching Band __knowledge__ Throughout the game, the band performs custom-arranged rock and pop songs, as well as the traditional fight songs and cheers of the university.", "UCLA Bruin Marching Band __knowledge__ The UCLA Varsity Band appears at basketball games and other athletic contests in Pauley Pavilion." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Track and field __knowledge__ Track and field is a sport which includes athletic contests established on the skills of running, jumping, and throwing.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The name is derived from the sport's typical venue: a stadium with an oval running track enclosing a grass field where the throwing and jumping events take place.", "Track and field __knowledge__ Track and field is categorized under the umbrella sport of athletics, which also includes road running, cross country running, and race walking.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The foot racing events, which include sprints, middle- and long-distance events, race walking and hurdling, are won by the athlete with the fastest time.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The jumping and throwing events are won by the athlete who achieves the greatest distance or height.", "Track and field __knowledge__ Regular jumping events include long jump, triple jump, high jump and pole vault, while the most common throwing events are shot put, javelin, discus and hammer.", "Track and field __knowledge__ There are also \"combined events\" or \"multi events\", such as the pentathlon consisting of five events, heptathlon consisting of seven events, and decathlon consisting of ten events.", "Track and field __knowledge__ In these, athletes participate in a combination of track and field events.", "Track and field __knowledge__ Most track and field events are individual sports with a single victor; the most prominent team events are relay races, which typically feature teams of four.", "Carl Lewis __knowledge__ Frederick Carlton \"Carl\" Lewis (born July 1, 1961) is an American former track and field athlete who won nine Olympic gold medals, one Olympic silver medal, and 10 World Championships medals, including eight gold.", "Carl Lewis __knowledge__ His career spanned from 1979 to 1996, when he last won an Olympic event.", "Carl Lewis __knowledge__ He is one of only three Olympic athletes who won a gold medal in the same event in four consecutive Olympic Games.", "Carl Lewis __knowledge__ Lewis was a dominant sprinter and long jumper who topped the world rankings in the 100 m, 200 m and long jump events frequently from 1981 to the early 1990s.", "Carl Lewis __knowledge__ He set world records in the 100 m, 4 × 100 m and 4 × 200 m relays, while his world record in the indoor long jump has stood since 1984.", "Akela Jones __knowledge__ Akela Jones (born 22 April 1995) is a Barbadian track and field athlete who holds Barbadian records in the women's heptathlon, pentathlon, long jump and high jump.", "Akela Jones __knowledge__ She won gold in the long jump at the 2014 World Junior Championships.", "Akela Jones __knowledge__ In 2015, she was NCAA champion in the heptathlon and won bronze in the high jump at the Pan American Games.", "Akela Jones __knowledge__ Jones first competed in the CARIFTA Games as a 12-year-old in 2008, winning silver in the under-17 girls' high jump with a jump of 1.71 m. On 20 March 2009 Jones cleared 1.81 m in Bridgetown; , this remains the age 13 world best.", "Akela Jones __knowledge__ At the 2009 CARIFTA Games she repeated her silver from the previous year, clearing 1.80 m to equal the championship record but losing to Jamaica's Petergaye Reid on countback.", "Long jump __knowledge__ The long jump (historically called the broad jump) is a track and field event in which athletes combine speed, strength and agility in an attempt to leap as far as possible from a take off point.", "Long jump __knowledge__ Along with the triple jump, the two events that measure jumping for distance as a group are referred to as the \"horizontal jumps\".", "Long jump __knowledge__ This event has a history in the Ancient Olympic Games and has been a modern Olympic event for men since the first Olympics in 1896 and for women since 1948.", "Long jump __knowledge__ At the elite level, competitors run down a runway (usually coated with the same rubberized surface as running tracks, crumb rubber also vulcanized rubber—known generally as an all-weather track) and jump as far as they can from a wooden board 20 cm or 8 inches wide that is built flush with the runway into a pit filled with finely ground gravel or sand.", "Maho Hanaoka __knowledge__ Maho Hanaoka (; born 3 August 1976) is a Japanese former track and field athlete who competed mainly in the long jump and triple jump.", "Maho Hanaoka __knowledge__ She is one of Japan's best female athletes in the horizontal jumps: she holds the Japanese records for the triple jump outdoors with and is also the record holder in both the long and triple jump indoors.", "Maho Hanaoka __knowledge__ Her long jump best of is a former Japanese record, second to Kumiko Ikeda.", "Maho Hanaoka __knowledge__ Her greatest international performance was a long jump gold medal at the 2006 Asian Indoor Athletics Championships, where she set a championship record.", "Maho Hanaoka __knowledge__ She was the long jump runner-up at the 2002 Asian Games and a three-time bronze medallist at the Asian Athletics Championships.", "Andrea Geubelle __knowledge__ Andrea Geubelle (born June 26, 1991) is an American track and field athlete who competes in the long jump and triple jump.", "Andrea Geubelle __knowledge__ Andrea won the national title in 2013.", "Andrea Geubelle __knowledge__ She has personal records of and , respectively.", "Andrea Geubelle __knowledge__ Geubelle is a University of Kansas alumus and is a three-time NCAA champion, having won the 2012 indoor triple jump title and a long jump/triple jump double at the 2013 NCAA Indoor Championship.", "Andrea Geubelle __knowledge__ In the triple jump, she also placed third at the 2012 United States Olympic Trials and was the gold medallist at the 2012 NACAC Under-23 Championships in Athletics.", "Andrea Geubelle __knowledge__ Raised in University Place, Washington, she attended Curtis Senior High School and competed in track and field while there.", "Long jump at the Olympics __knowledge__ The long jump at the Summer Olympics is grouped among the four track and field jumping events held at the multi-sport event.", "Long jump at the Olympics __knowledge__ The men's long jump has been present on the Olympic athletics programme since the first Summer Olympics in 1896.", "Long jump at the Olympics __knowledge__ The women's long jump was introduced over fifty years later in 1948 and was the second Olympic jumping event for women after the high jump, which was added in 1928.", "Long jump at the Olympics __knowledge__ The Olympic records for the event are for men, set by Bob Beamon in 1968, and for women, set by Jackie Joyner-Kersee in 1988.", "Long jump at the Olympics __knowledge__ Beamon's mark is the longest-standing Olympic athletics record by a margin of twelve years and remains the only time a man has set a long jump world record at the competition.", "Jeff Henderson (athlete) __knowledge__ Jeffrey Henderson (born February 19, 1989) is an American track and field athlete who competes in the long jump and 100 meter dash.", "Jeff Henderson (athlete) __knowledge__ He has a personal record of for the long jump by winning the 2015 Pan Am Games gold medal.", "Jeff Henderson (athlete) __knowledge__ Other top results include becoming the 2014 and 2016 USA Outdoor national long jump champion, and is a member of the United States 2010 and 2014 IAAF World Indoor Championships teams.", "Jeff Henderson (athlete) __knowledge__ On August 13, 2016, Jeff Henderson came through on his final jump to claim the gold medal in the men's long jump at the Rio Olympics.", "Jeff Henderson (athlete) __knowledge__ It's the first gold in the event for the USA since 2004.", "Jeff Henderson (athlete) __knowledge__ Henderson leaped 8.38 meters (27 feet, 6 inches) to edge past Luvo Manyonga (8.37 m) of South Africa by 1 centimeter.", "Sport of athletics __knowledge__ Athletics is a collection of sporting events that involve competitive running, jumping, throwing, and walking.", "Sport of athletics __knowledge__ The most common types of athletics competitions are track and field, road running, cross country running, and race walking.", "Sport of athletics __knowledge__ The results of racing events are decided by finishing position (or time, where measured), while the jumps and throws are won by the athlete that achieves the highest or furthest measurement from a series of attempts.", "Sport of athletics __knowledge__ The simplicity of the competitions, and the lack of a need for expensive equipment, makes athletics one of the most commonly competed sports in the world.", "Cross country running __knowledge__ Cross country running is a sport in which teams and individuals run a race on open-air courses over natural terrain such as dirt or grass.", "Cross country running __knowledge__ Sometimes the runners are referred to as \"harriers\" (dogs).", "Cross country running __knowledge__ The course, typically long, may include surfaces of grass, and earth, pass through woodlands and open country, and include hills, flat ground and sometimes gravel road.", "Cross country running __knowledge__ It is both an individual and a team sport; runners are judged on individual times and teams by a points-scoring method.", "Cross country running __knowledge__ Both men and women of all ages compete in cross country, which usually takes place during autumn and winter, and can include weather conditions of rain, sleet, snow or hail, and a wide range of temperatures.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ Long-distance running, or endurance running, is a form of continuous running over distances of at least eight kilometres (5 miles).", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ Physiologically, it is largely aerobic in nature and requires stamina as well as mental strength.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ Among mammals, humans are well adapted for running significant distances, and particularly so among primates.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ The endurance running hypothesis suggests that running endurance in the \"Homo\" genus arose because travelling over large areas improved scavenging opportunities and allowed persistence hunting.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ The capacity for endurance running is also found in migratory ungulates and a limited number of terrestrial carnivores, such as dogs, wolves and hyenas.", "Running __knowledge__ Running is a method of terrestrial locomotion allowing humans and other animals to move rapidly on foot.", "Running __knowledge__ Running is a type of gait characterized by an aerial phase in which all feet are above the ground (though there are exceptions).", "Running __knowledge__ This is in contrast to walking, where one foot is always in contact with the ground, the legs are kept mostly straight and the center of gravity vaults over the stance leg or legs in an inverted pendulum fashion.", "Running __knowledge__ A characteristic feature of a running body from the viewpoint of spring-mass mechanics is that changes in kinetic and potential energy within a stride occur simultaneously, with energy storage accomplished by springy tendons and passive muscle elasticity.", "Zersenay Tadese __knowledge__ Zersenay Tadese (Tigrinya: ዘርእሰናይ ታደሰ; born 8 February 1982) is an Eritrean long-distance track and road running athlete.", "Zersenay Tadese __knowledge__ He currently holds the men's half marathon world record.", "Zersenay Tadese __knowledge__ His bronze medal in the 10,000 metres at the 2004 Athens Olympics made him the first ever Eritrean Olympic medallist, and his 20-km title at the 2006 IAAF World Road Running Championships also made him the country's first athlete to win at a world championship event.", "Zersenay Tadese __knowledge__ He does not use a sprint finish to win races; his strategy relies on a combination of efficient running and fast pace setting.", "Zersenay Tadese __knowledge__ Zersenay (\"Tadese\" is his father's name) has found most of his success in the half marathon, with four consecutive victories in the World Half Marathon Championships from 2006 to 2009, a fifth title in 2012, and a world record at the Lisbon Half Marathon in 2010.", "Ayr Seaforth Athletic Club __knowledge__ Ayr Seaforth Athletic Club is an athletics club located in Ayr, Scotland.", "Ayr Seaforth Athletic Club __knowledge__ The club trains at Dam Park track, situated outside Ayr College.", "Ayr Seaforth Athletic Club __knowledge__ The club hosts a club championship every year that allows up-and-coming athletes to compete against their teammates to see who has progressed the most through the year.", "Ayr Seaforth Athletic Club __knowledge__ Ayr Seaforth is Ayr's only athletics club offering athletes both young and old the opportunity to take part in many aspects of athletics.", "Ayr Seaforth Athletic Club __knowledge__ Seaforth has a very strong road running club but is also a strong track and field event club.", "Ayr Seaforth Athletic Club __knowledge__ Dam park track is made up of tartan track; the track has a signature red color it." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Track and field __knowledge__ Track and field is a sport which includes athletic contests established on the skills of running, jumping, and throwing.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The name is derived from the sport's typical venue: a stadium with an oval running track enclosing a grass field where the throwing and jumping events take place.", "Track and field __knowledge__ Track and field is categorized under the umbrella sport of athletics, which also includes road running, cross country running, and race walking.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The foot racing events, which include sprints, middle- and long-distance events, race walking and hurdling, are won by the athlete with the fastest time.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The jumping and throwing events are won by the athlete who achieves the greatest distance or height.", "Track and field __knowledge__ Regular jumping events include long jump, triple jump, high jump and pole vault, while the most common throwing events are shot put, javelin, discus and hammer.", "Track and field __knowledge__ There are also \"combined events\" or \"multi events\", such as the pentathlon consisting of five events, heptathlon consisting of seven events, and decathlon consisting of ten events.", "Track and field __knowledge__ In these, athletes participate in a combination of track and field events.", "Track and field __knowledge__ Most track and field events are individual sports with a single victor; the most prominent team events are relay races, which typically feature teams of four.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "Hip Hip Hurray (TV series) __knowledge__ Hip Hip Hurray is an Indian television series created and directed by Nupur Asthana that first aired on Zee TV channel from 21 August 1998 to 25 May 2001.", "Hip Hip Hurray (TV series) __knowledge__ The story is based on the lives of 12th grade students at the DeNobili High School and their adventures, their fears and hopes, and their relationships and interactions.", "Hip Hip Hurray (TV series) __knowledge__ Besides that, the story also focuses on issues pertinent for the younger generation such as dating, drugs, careers, health, exams, and causes, in a light-hearted manner.", "Hip Hip Hurray (TV series) __knowledge__ The first season of the series more focused on the stars where they were in school flitting through life with joys and sorrows of life as students.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ This is a list of episodes of the British television programme \"Sugar Rush\", broadcast by Channel 4 from 2005 to 2006.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ There have been 2 series of the programme, the first airing in 2005 and the second in 2006.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ Each series consists of ten episodes, each 30 minutes long, including adverts.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ Episodes do not have individual titles.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ The first series consists of ten episodes and follows a 15-year-old Kim's unrequited crush on Sugar.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ The first episode starts with Kim and Sugar on the waltzers on Brighton Pier.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ Slowly, Sugar moves in to kiss Kim.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ The scene then suddenly moves to Kim in bed, under a duvet with her eyes closed, and the sound of whirring.", "Toby Flenderson __knowledge__ Toby Flenderson, M.S.W.", "Toby Flenderson __knowledge__ (born in 1971) is a fictional character on the U.S. comedy television series, \"The Office\".", "Toby Flenderson __knowledge__ He is portrayed by the show's writer, director, producer and showrunner Paul Lieberstein, and is an original character with no equivalent in The Office (UK TV series).", "Toby Flenderson __knowledge__ Toby Flenderson is the human resources representative for the Scranton branch of paper distributor Dunder Mifflin/Sabre.", "Toby Flenderson __knowledge__ Mild-mannered to the point of being physically incapable to voice his opinions or assert himself, Toby can be somewhat mournful about his life choices (he fell into the field of Human Resources after leaving his training at seminary in order to pursue the woman he'd later marry and painfully divorce).", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Various characters appeared in the sitcom \"Friends\", which aired for ten seasons on NBC from 1994 to 2004.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ It featured six main cast members: Rachel Green (Jennifer Aniston), Phoebe Buffay (Lisa Kudrow), Joey Tribbiani (Matt LeBlanc), Chandler Bing (Matthew Perry), Ross Geller (David Schwimmer) and Monica Geller (Courteney Cox).", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Many celebrities guest starred on the series throughout its ten-year run.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ The main cast members were familiar to television viewers before their roles on \"Friends\", but were not considered to be stars.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Series creator David Crane wanted all six characters to be equally prominent, and the series was lauded as being \"the first true 'ensemble' show\".", "Long jump __knowledge__ The long jump (historically called the broad jump) is a track and field event in which athletes combine speed, strength and agility in an attempt to leap as far as possible from a take off point.", "Long jump __knowledge__ Along with the triple jump, the two events that measure jumping for distance as a group are referred to as the \"horizontal jumps\".", "Long jump __knowledge__ This event has a history in the Ancient Olympic Games and has been a modern Olympic event for men since the first Olympics in 1896 and for women since 1948.", "Long jump __knowledge__ At the elite level, competitors run down a runway (usually coated with the same rubberized surface as running tracks, crumb rubber also vulcanized rubber—known generally as an all-weather track) and jump as far as they can from a wooden board 20 cm or 8 inches wide that is built flush with the runway into a pit filled with finely ground gravel or sand.", "Carl Lewis __knowledge__ Frederick Carlton \"Carl\" Lewis (born July 1, 1961) is an American former track and field athlete who won nine Olympic gold medals, one Olympic silver medal, and 10 World Championships medals, including eight gold.", "Carl Lewis __knowledge__ His career spanned from 1979 to 1996, when he last won an Olympic event.", "Carl Lewis __knowledge__ He is one of only three Olympic athletes who won a gold medal in the same event in four consecutive Olympic Games.", "Carl Lewis __knowledge__ Lewis was a dominant sprinter and long jumper who topped the world rankings in the 100 m, 200 m and long jump events frequently from 1981 to the early 1990s.", "Carl Lewis __knowledge__ He set world records in the 100 m, 4 × 100 m and 4 × 200 m relays, while his world record in the indoor long jump has stood since 1984.", "Billy Brown (athlete) __knowledge__ William Tennant \"Billy\" Brown (August 3, 1918 – December 29, 2002) was an American triple jumper, long jumper and sprinter.", "Billy Brown (athlete) __knowledge__ Between 1936 and 1943 he won six national outdoor championship titles in the triple jump and three in the long jump.", "Billy Brown (athlete) __knowledge__ He was the long jump world leader in 1941 and held the American record in the triple jump from 1941 to 1956.", "Billy Brown (athlete) __knowledge__ He competed in the triple jump at the 1936 Summer Olympics, placing 17th.", "Billy Brown (athlete) __knowledge__ Brown was born in Baker, Louisiana on August 3, 1918.", "Billy Brown (athlete) __knowledge__ He studied at Baker High School and led the school's track and field team; additionally, he was a good scholastic basketball player.", "Willis Ward __knowledge__ Willis Franklin Ward (December 28, 1912 – December 30, 1983) was a track and field athlete and American football player who was inducted into the University of Michigan Athletic Hall of Honor in 1981.", "Willis Ward __knowledge__ Ward was the Michigan High School Athlete of the Year, after setting a national prep record in the high jump.", "Willis Ward __knowledge__ At the University of Michigan, he was a collegiate champion in the high jump, the long jump, the 100-yard dash, and the 440-yard dash, and finished second in the voting for the Associated Press Big Ten Athlete of the Year award in 1933.", "Willis Ward __knowledge__ In track and field he was a three-time All-American and eight-time Big Ten champion.", "Akela Jones __knowledge__ Akela Jones (born 22 April 1995) is a Barbadian track and field athlete who holds Barbadian records in the women's heptathlon, pentathlon, long jump and high jump.", "Akela Jones __knowledge__ She won gold in the long jump at the 2014 World Junior Championships.", "Akela Jones __knowledge__ In 2015, she was NCAA champion in the heptathlon and won bronze in the high jump at the Pan American Games.", "Akela Jones __knowledge__ Jones first competed in the CARIFTA Games as a 12-year-old in 2008, winning silver in the under-17 girls' high jump with a jump of 1.71 m. On 20 March 2009 Jones cleared 1.81 m in Bridgetown; , this remains the age 13 world best.", "Akela Jones __knowledge__ At the 2009 CARIFTA Games she repeated her silver from the previous year, clearing 1.80 m to equal the championship record but losing to Jamaica's Petergaye Reid on countback.", "Willie Steele __knowledge__ William Samuel \"Willie\" Steele (July 14, 1923 – September 19, 1989) was an American athlete who competed mainly in the long jump.", "Willie Steele __knowledge__ Steele won the Gold medal in the long jump at the 1948 London Olympics.", "Willie Steele __knowledge__ A two-time USA Outdoor champion, Steele was the 1948 Olympic Trials champion and a two-time NCAA long jump champion.", "Willie Steele __knowledge__ He was considered the world's best long jumper in 1942 and 1946, and was world ranked #1 by \"Track & Field News\" their first two years of producing worldwide rankings, 1947 and 1948.", "Willie Steele __knowledge__ Steele was born in El Centro, California on July 14, 1923.", "Willie Steele __knowledge__ At age 4 his family moved to San Diego where he graduated from Herbert Hoover High School in 1940.", "Maho Hanaoka __knowledge__ Maho Hanaoka (; born 3 August 1976) is a Japanese former track and field athlete who competed mainly in the long jump and triple jump.", "Maho Hanaoka __knowledge__ She is one of Japan's best female athletes in the horizontal jumps: she holds the Japanese records for the triple jump outdoors with and is also the record holder in both the long and triple jump indoors.", "Maho Hanaoka __knowledge__ Her long jump best of is a former Japanese record, second to Kumiko Ikeda.", "Maho Hanaoka __knowledge__ Her greatest international performance was a long jump gold medal at the 2006 Asian Indoor Athletics Championships, where she set a championship record.", "Maho Hanaoka __knowledge__ She was the long jump runner-up at the 2002 Asian Games and a three-time bronze medallist at the Asian Athletics Championships." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Track and field __knowledge__ Track and field is a sport which includes athletic contests established on the skills of running, jumping, and throwing.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The name is derived from the sport's typical venue: a stadium with an oval running track enclosing a grass field where the throwing and jumping events take place.", "Track and field __knowledge__ Track and field is categorized under the umbrella sport of athletics, which also includes road running, cross country running, and race walking.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The foot racing events, which include sprints, middle- and long-distance events, race walking and hurdling, are won by the athlete with the fastest time.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The jumping and throwing events are won by the athlete who achieves the greatest distance or height.", "Track and field __knowledge__ Regular jumping events include long jump, triple jump, high jump and pole vault, while the most common throwing events are shot put, javelin, discus and hammer.", "Track and field __knowledge__ There are also \"combined events\" or \"multi events\", such as the pentathlon consisting of five events, heptathlon consisting of seven events, and decathlon consisting of ten events.", "Track and field __knowledge__ In these, athletes participate in a combination of track and field events.", "Track and field __knowledge__ Most track and field events are individual sports with a single victor; the most prominent team events are relay races, which typically feature teams of four.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ Amazing Stories is an American science fiction magazine launched in April 1926 by Hugo Gernsback's Experimenter Publishing.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ It was the first magazine devoted solely to science fiction.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ Science fiction stories had made regular appearances in other magazines, including some published by Gernsback, but \"Amazing\" helped define and launch a new genre of pulp fiction.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ \"Amazing\" was published, with some interruptions, for almost eighty years, going through a half-dozen owners and many editors as it struggled to be profitable.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ Gernsback was forced into bankruptcy and lost control of the magazine in 1929, and by 1938 it was purchased by Ziff-Davis, who hired Raymond A. Palmer as editor.", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ Science fiction and fantasy magazines began to be published in the US in the 1920s.", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ Stories with science fiction themes had been appearing for decades in pulp magazines such as \"Argosy\", but there were no magazines that specialized in a single genre until 1915, when Street & Smith, one of the major pulp publishers, brought out \"Detective Story Magazine\".", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ The first magazine to focus solely on fantasy and horror was \"Weird Tales\", which was launched in 1923, and established itself as the leading weird fiction magazine over the next two decades; writers such as H.P.", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ Lovecraft, Clark Ashton Smith and Robert E. Howard became regular contributors.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ The fictional Marvel Comics superhero Spider-Man, who debuted in 1962, is well known for his unique superhuman abilities as depicted in the comics and other media.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ He receives most of his powers when he is bitten by a radioactive common house spider.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ He uses his technical skill to develop equipment and weapons to complement his powers, and wears a number of costumes, many of which have special properties.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ When Peter Parker was bitten by an irradiated spider, radioactive mutagenic enzymes in the spider's venom quickly caused numerous body-wide changes.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ Immediately after the bite, he was granted his original powers: primarily superhuman strength, reflexes, and balance; the ability to cling tenaciously to most surfaces; and a subconscious ability to sense everything in his surroundings, which he called a \"spider-sense\".", "Evel Knievel __knowledge__ Robert Craig Knievel Jr. (; October 17, 1938 – November 30, 2007), professionally Evel Knievel, was an American stunt performer, painter, entertainer, and international icon.", "Evel Knievel __knowledge__ Over the course of his career, he attempted more than 75 ramp-to-ramp motorcycle jumps; in 1974, he failed an attempted canyon jump across Snake River Canyon in the Skycycle X-2, a steam-powered rocket.", "Evel Knievel __knowledge__ Knievel was inducted into the Motorcycle Hall of Fame in 1999.", "Evel Knievel __knowledge__ He died of pulmonary disease in Clearwater, Florida in 2007, aged 69.", "Evel Knievel __knowledge__ Knievel was born on October 17, 1938 in Butte, Montana, the first of two children of Robert E. and Ann Marie Keough Knievel.", "Hyperspace (science fiction) __knowledge__ Hyperspace is a faster-than-light (FTL) method of traveling used in science fiction.", "Hyperspace (science fiction) __knowledge__ It is typically described as an alternative \"sub-region\" of space co-existing with our own universe which may be entered using an energy field or other device.", "Hyperspace (science fiction) __knowledge__ As seen in most fiction hyperspace is most succinctly described as a \"somewhere else\" within which the laws of general and special relativity decidedly do \"not\" apply – especially with respect to the speed of light being the cosmic speed limit.", "Hyperspace (science fiction) __knowledge__ Entering and exiting said \"elsewhere\" thus directly enables travel near or faster than the speed of light – almost universally with the aid of extremely advanced technology.", "Ski flying __knowledge__ Ski flying is a winter sport discipline derived from ski jumping, in which much greater distances can be achieved.", "Ski flying __knowledge__ It is a form of competitive Nordic skiing where athletes descend individually at very fast speeds along a specially built takeoff ramp using skis only; jump from the end of it with as much power as they can generate; then glide – or 'fly' – as far as possible down a steeply sloped hill; and ultimately land within a target zone in a stable manner.", "Ski flying __knowledge__ Points are awarded for distance and stylistic merit by five judges, and events are governed by the International Ski Federation (FIS).", "Ski flying __knowledge__ The rules and scoring in ski flying are mostly the same as they are in ski jumping, and events under the discipline are usually contested as part of the Ski Jumping World Cup season, but the hills (of which there are only five remaining, all in Europe) are constructed to a different standard in order to enable jumps of up to 66% longer in distance.", "Amazing Grace __knowledge__ \"Amazing Grace\" is a Christian hymn published in 1779, with words written by the English poet and Anglican clergyman John Newton (1725–1807).", "Amazing Grace __knowledge__ Newton wrote the words from personal experience.", "Amazing Grace __knowledge__ He grew up without any particular religious conviction, but his life's path was formed by a variety of twists and coincidences that were often put into motion by his recalcitrant insubordination.", "Amazing Grace __knowledge__ He was pressed (conscripted) into service in the Royal Navy, and after leaving the service, he became involved in the Atlantic slave trade.", "Amazing Grace __knowledge__ In 1748, a violent storm battered his vessel off the coast of County Donegal, Ireland, so severely that he called out to God for mercy, a moment that marked his spiritual conversion.", "Australia at the Winter Olympics __knowledge__ Australia first competed in the Winter Olympic Games in 1936 in Garmisch-Partenkirchen, and has participated in every games since, with the exception of the 1948 Games in St. Moritz.", "Australia at the Winter Olympics __knowledge__ In the early years, Australia's athletes did poorly; only two athletes placed in the top half of their events before 1976, while the vast majority placed in the bottom quarter, including some who finished last.", "Australia at the Winter Olympics __knowledge__ This lack of success was attributed to the Australian culture, climate and lack of snow, as well as the lack of support for the athletes—sports administrators regarded investment in winter sports as futile.", "Australia at the Winter Olympics __knowledge__ After the appointment of Geoff Henke—who had been unable to compete in 1956 after the administrators neglected to endorse his ice hockey team's application—as team manager in 1976, the results slowly began to improve, and by the 1990s, some Australians were regarded as medal prospects.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Olympic Games __knowledge__ The modern Olympic Games or Olympics () are leading international sporting events featuring summer and winter sports competitions in which thousands of athletes from around the world participate in a variety of competitions.", "Olympic Games __knowledge__ The Olympic Games are considered the world's foremost sports competition with more than 200 nations participating.", "Olympic Games __knowledge__ The Olympic Games are held every four years, with the Summer and Winter Games alternating by occurring every four years but two years apart.", "Olympic Games __knowledge__ Their creation was inspired by the ancient Olympic Games, which were held in Olympia, Greece, from the 8th century BC to the 4th century AD.", "Great Britain at the Olympics __knowledge__ Great Britain or Team GB is the team that sends athletes from the United Kingdom (UK), all but three of its overseas territories, and the three Crown dependencies, to the Olympic Games.", "Great Britain at the Olympics __knowledge__ It has sent athletes to every Games since the start of the Olympics' modern era in 1896, including the 1980 Summer Olympics and 1984 Summer Olympics, which were boycotted by a number of other nations on each occasion.", "Great Britain at the Olympics __knowledge__ From 1896 to 2016 inclusive, Great Britain has won 847 medals at the Summer Olympic Games, and another 26 at the Winter Olympic Games.", "Great Britain at the Olympics __knowledge__ It is the only national team to have won at least one Gold Medal at every Summer Games, and lies third globally in the winning of both Gold Medals and total medals, surpassed only by the United States and the former Soviet Union.", "Great Britain at the 2012 Summer Olympics __knowledge__ Great Britain, represented by the British Olympic Association (BOA), competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, United Kingdom, from 27 July to 12 August 2012 as the host nation.", "Great Britain at the 2012 Summer Olympics __knowledge__ British athletes have competed at every Summer Olympic Games in the modern era, alongside Australia, France and Greece, though Great Britain is the only one to have won at least one gold medal at all of them.", "Great Britain at the 2012 Summer Olympics __knowledge__ London is the only city to host the Summer Olympics on three different occasions, having previously done so in 1908 and 1948.", "Great Britain at the 2012 Summer Olympics __knowledge__ Soon, it will be joined by Paris in 2024 and Los Angeles in 2028 in hosting the Olympic Games for a third time.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 20, 45, 53 ]

[ "Track and field is a sport which includes a series of athletic contests? I always wanted to join track and field.", "rack and field is categorized under the umbrella sport of athletics, that can include road running and cross country. What was your favorite event?", "The long jump is sometimes referred to as the broad jump, what do you like about it?", "Yeah that's true. It has been an event in the olympics since 1896!", "Yeah especially in the olympic games that happen every four years, they are the best of the best." ]

[ "Track and field", "Track and field", "Track and field", "Track and field", "Track and field" ]

[ "Appalachian Trail\nHave you ever heard of the Appalachian Trail? To be honest, I really don't know much about it.", "Is there anything of importance that happened there?", "Oh wow! I think it would be fun to travel it. Do they have any tours or anything?", "I want to ride a horse down it and pretend I'm a cowgirl lol", "That would be so much fun! Do you like the outdoors?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The Appalachian National Scenic Trail, generally known as the Appalachian Trail or simply the A.T., is a marked hiking trail in the Eastern United States extending between Springer Mountain in Georgia and Mount Katahdin in Maine.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The trail is estimated around 2,200 miles (3,500 km) long, though the exact length changes over time as parts are modified or rerouted.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The Appalachian Trail Conservancy claims that the Appalachian Trail is the longest hiking-only trail in the world.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ More than 2 million people are said to take a hike on part of the trail at least once each year.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The idea of the Appalachian Trail came about in 1921.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The trail itself was completed in 1937 after more than a decade of work, although improvements and changes continue.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ It is maintained by 31 trail clubs and multiple partnerships, and managed by the National Park Service, United States Forest Service, and the nonprofit Appalachian Trail Conservancy.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The majority of the trail is in forest or wild lands, although some portions traverse towns, roads and farms.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ It passes through 14 states: Georgia, North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, New York, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine.", "Appalachian Trail by state __knowledge__ The Appalachian National Scenic Trail spans fourteen U.S. states during its journey that is long, including Georgia, North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, New York, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine.", "Appalachian Trail by state __knowledge__ It begins at Springer Mountain, Georgia, and follows the ridgeline of the Appalachian Mountains, crossing many of its highest peaks and running with only a few exceptions almost continuously through wilderness before ending at Mount Katahdin, Maine.", "Appalachian Trail by state __knowledge__ The trail is currently protected along more than 99% of its course by federal or state land ownership or right-of-way.", "Warren Doyle __knowledge__ Warren Doyle is a hiker, and supporter of the Appalachian Trail.", "Warren Doyle __knowledge__ He holds the informal record for the hiking the entire Appalachian Trail (seventeen times; 9 thru-hikes and 8 section hikes).", "Warren Doyle __knowledge__ From 1974 to 2017, as a labor of love, he organized and led 10 groups up the Appalachian Trail with a superlative completion rate.", "Warren Doyle __knowledge__ He is the founder of two organizations dedicated to the trail: the Appalachian Long Distance Hikers Association, and the Appalachian Trail Institute.", "Warren Doyle __knowledge__ He remains the Director of Appalachian Trail Institute.", "Warren Doyle __knowledge__ Warren Doyle (born 1950) became interested in hiking while attending Southern Connecticut State University.", "Nestell Kipp Anderson __knowledge__ Nestell Kipp \"Ned\" Anderson (1885–1967) was an American farmer who spearheaded Connecticut's leg of the Appalachian Trail, which currently runs for 50 miles through the northwest corner of the state.", "Nestell Kipp Anderson __knowledge__ In addition to creating and maintaining other area trails for the Connecticut Forest & Park's (CFPA) Blue-Blazed Trail System, he also organized Sherman, Connecticut's first Boy Scout troop in 1931, as well as the Housatonic Trail Club in 1932, for amateur and avid hikers.", "Nestell Kipp Anderson __knowledge__ While hiking in 1929, Ned Anderson met Judge Arthur Perkins, a member of CFPA's Connecticut's Blue Blazed Trails Committee, who introduced Anderson to Myron Avery.", "Mount Oglethorpe __knowledge__ Mount Oglethorpe is a mountain located in Pickens County, Georgia.", "Mount Oglethorpe __knowledge__ The southernmost peak in the Blue Ridge Mountains, the mountain has an elevation of , making it the highest point in Pickens County.", "Mount Oglethorpe __knowledge__ Mount Oglethorpe served as the southern terminus of the Appalachian Trail from when the trail was completed in 1937 until 1958.", "Mount Oglethorpe __knowledge__ In 1958, as a result of over development around Mount Oglethorpe, the southern terminus of the Appalachian Trail was moved about to the northeast to Springer Mountain.", "Mount Oglethorpe __knowledge__ Mount Oglethorpe is located in eastern Pickens County, near the border with Dawson County.", "Mount Oglethorpe __knowledge__ The mountain is located about east of Jasper, west of Dawsonville and about north of Nelson.", "Roan Mountain (Roan Highlands) __knowledge__ Roan Mountain is the highpoint of the Roan-Unaka Range of the Southern Appalachian Mountains, located in the Southeastern United States.", "Roan Mountain (Roan Highlands) __knowledge__ The mountain is clad in a dense stand of Southern Appalachian spruce-fir forest, and includes the world's largest natural rhododendron garden, and the longest stretch of grassy bald in the Appalachian range.", "Roan Mountain (Roan Highlands) __knowledge__ The Cherokee National Forest and Pisgah National Forest converge atop the mountain, with Roan Mountain State Park located near its northern base.", "Roan Mountain (Roan Highlands) __knowledge__ The Appalachian Trail crosses most of the Roan's crest.", "Roan Mountain (Roan Highlands) __knowledge__ The Roan High Knob Shelter is the highest backcountry shelter on the entire trail.", "McAfee Knob __knowledge__ McAfee Knob is a geological feature, located on Catawba mountain in Catawba, Virginia, United States.", "McAfee Knob __knowledge__ It is named for a Scotch-Irish 18th-century settler.", "McAfee Knob __knowledge__ Considered to be the most scenic point along the Appalachian Trail, the vista offers panoramic views of the Catawba Valley, 3400 feet below.", "McAfee Knob __knowledge__ McAfee Knob is located on the Appalachian Trail, a four-mile hike northbound from the intersection with VA-311 in Catawba, Virginia or a 16 mile hike southbound from US-220 in Troutville, Virginia.", "McAfee Knob __knowledge__ The Appalachian Trail is a 2,175-mile hiking trail following the Appalachian Mountains between Georgia and Maine, and is a unit of the National Park Service." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The Appalachian National Scenic Trail, generally known as the Appalachian Trail or simply the A.T., is a marked hiking trail in the Eastern United States extending between Springer Mountain in Georgia and Mount Katahdin in Maine.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The trail is estimated around 2,200 miles (3,500 km) long, though the exact length changes over time as parts are modified or rerouted.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The Appalachian Trail Conservancy claims that the Appalachian Trail is the longest hiking-only trail in the world.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ More than 2 million people are said to take a hike on part of the trail at least once each year.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The idea of the Appalachian Trail came about in 1921.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The trail itself was completed in 1937 after more than a decade of work, although improvements and changes continue.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ It is maintained by 31 trail clubs and multiple partnerships, and managed by the National Park Service, United States Forest Service, and the nonprofit Appalachian Trail Conservancy.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The majority of the trail is in forest or wild lands, although some portions traverse towns, roads and farms.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ It passes through 14 states: Georgia, North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, New York, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Joseph Jacques Jean Chrétien (born January 11, 1934), known commonly as Jean Chrétien (), is a Canadian politician who served as the 20th Prime Minister of Canada from November 4, 1993, to December 12, 2003.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Born and raised in Shawinigan, Quebec, Chrétien is a law graduate from Université Laval.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He was first elected to the Canadian House of Commons in 1963.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He served in various cabinet posts under prime minister Pierre Trudeau, most prominently as Minister of Justice, Minister of Finance, and Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He also served as deputy prime minister in John Turner's short-lived government.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Ek Tha Chandar Ek Thi Sudha (Hindi: एक था चन्दर एक थी सुधा English: One was Chander one was Sudha) is an Indian biopic television series, which premiered on 21 September 2015 and is broadcast on Life OK.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is produced by Garima Productions of Ashwni Dhir.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series airs on every Monday to Friday nights.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is a tragic love story and is a 20-episode series.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story of the series is based on Dharamvir Bharati’s iconic novel, \"Gunahon Ka Devta\".", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Rahil Azam and Umang Jain will play the male and female lead roles respectively.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story starts with an illustration that it is a story about love near Allahabad.", "Nuestra Belleza Latina 2011 __knowledge__ Nuestra Belleza Latina 2011 is the fifth season of Nuestra Belleza Latina and the fifth season to be aired on Univision.", "Nuestra Belleza Latina 2011 __knowledge__ The season premiere was on March 6, 2011 at 8pm/7c and the show's finale was Sunday May 22, 2011.", "Nuestra Belleza Latina 2011 __knowledge__ The auditions will be shown Sunday, prior to the final 12 are revealed.", "Nuestra Belleza Latina 2011 __knowledge__ Auditions were held in January through February 2011 in five major US cities (Chicago, Illinois; San Antonio, Texas; New York City, New York; Los Angeles, California; Miami, Florida) and in San Juan, Puerto Rico.", "Nuestra Belleza Latina 2011 __knowledge__ During the audition process, 73 young women were given passes to the semi-finals in Miami.", "Nuestra Belleza Latina 2011 __knowledge__ Two contestants were chosen from online Auditions, with the help of public votes.", "The X Factor (UK series 9) __knowledge__ The X Factor is a British television music competition to find new singing talent.", "The X Factor (UK series 9) __knowledge__ The ninth series began airing on ITV on 18 August 2012 and ended on 9 December 2012.", "The X Factor (UK series 9) __knowledge__ Dermot O'Leary returned as presenter of the main show on ITV, whilst Caroline Flack and Olly Murs returned to co-present \"The Xtra Factor\" on ITV2.", "The X Factor (UK series 9) __knowledge__ Louis Walsh, Gary Barlow and Tulisa returned as judges.", "The X Factor (UK series 9) __knowledge__ Nicole Scherzinger was confirmed as the fourth permanent judge after Geri Halliwell, Leona Lewis, Rita Ora, Mel B, Anastacia and Scherzinger herself stood in as guest judges for the vacant position left by Kelly Rowland.", "The X Factor (UK series 9) __knowledge__ After the 8 December show, two of Scherzinger's acts, James Arthur and Jahméne Douglas, became the top two, meaning that Scherzinger was guaranteed to win.", "Ludwig Wittgenstein __knowledge__ Ludwig Josef Johann Wittgenstein (; ; 26 April 1889 – 29 April 1951) was an Austrian-British philosopher who worked primarily in logic, the philosophy of mathematics, the philosophy of mind, and the philosophy of language.", "Ludwig Wittgenstein __knowledge__ From 1929 to 1947, Wittgenstein taught at the University of Cambridge.", "Ludwig Wittgenstein __knowledge__ During his lifetime he published just one slim book, the 75-page \"Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus\" (1921), one article, one book review and a children's dictionary.", "Ludwig Wittgenstein __knowledge__ His voluminous manuscripts were edited and published posthumously.", "Ludwig Wittgenstein __knowledge__ \"Philosophical Investigations\" appeared as a book in 1953, and has since come to be recognised as one of the most important works of philosophy in the twentieth century.", "Floyd Mayweather Jr. __knowledge__ Floyd Joy Mayweather Jr. (born Floyd Joy Sinclair; February 24, 1977) is an American professional boxing promoter and former professional boxer.", "Floyd Mayweather Jr. __knowledge__ He competed from 1996 to 2007 and 2009 to 2015, and made a one-fight comeback in 2017.", "Floyd Mayweather Jr. __knowledge__ During his career, he held multiple world titles in five weight classes and the lineal championship in four weight classes (twice at welterweight), and retired with an undefeated record of 50–0, surpassing Rocky Marciano's record of 49–0.", "Floyd Mayweather Jr. __knowledge__ As an amateur, Mayweather won a bronze medal in the featherweight division at the 1996 Olympics, three U.S. Golden Gloves championships (at light flyweight, flyweight, and featherweight), and the U.S. national championship at featherweight.", "2011 Virginia earthquake __knowledge__ The 2011 Virginia earthquake occurred on August 23 at 1:51:04 p.m. local time in the Piedmont region of the US state of Virginia.", "2011 Virginia earthquake __knowledge__ The epicenter, in Louisa County, was northwest of Richmond and south-southwest of the town of Mineral.", "2011 Virginia earthquake __knowledge__ It was an intraplate earthquake with a magnitude of 5.8 and a maximum perceived intensity of VII (\"Very strong\") on the Mercalli intensity scale.", "2011 Virginia earthquake __knowledge__ Several aftershocks, ranging up to 4.5 M in magnitude, occurred after the main tremor.", "2011 Virginia earthquake __knowledge__ With an estimated magnitude of 5.8., it, along with a quake on the New York–Ontario border in 1944 and the 2016 earthquake near Pawnee, Oklahoma is tied as the largest to have occurred in the U.S., east of the Rocky Mountains, since an equivalent 1897 quake centered in Giles County in western Virginia.", "Fauna of the United States __knowledge__ The fauna of the United States of America is all the animals living in the Continental United States and its surrounding seas and islands, the Hawaiian Archipelago, Alaska in the Arctic, and several island-territories in the Pacific and in the Caribbean.", "Fauna of the United States __knowledge__ The U.S. has many distinctive indigenous species found nowhere else on Earth.", "Fauna of the United States __knowledge__ With most of the North American continent, the U.S. lies in the Nearctic faunistic realm, a region containing an assemblage of species similar to northern parts of Africa and Eurasia.", "Fauna of the United States __knowledge__ An estimated 432 species of mammals characterize the fauna of the continental U.S.", "Fauna of the United States __knowledge__ There are more than 800 species of bird and more than 100,000 known species of insects.", "Ice trade __knowledge__ The ice trade, also known as the frozen water trade, was a 19th-century industry, centering on the east coast of the United States and Norway, involving the large-scale harvesting, transport and sale of natural ice for domestic consumption and commercial purposes.", "Ice trade __knowledge__ Ice was cut from the surface of ponds and streams, then stored in ice houses, before being sent on by ship, barge or railroad to its final destination around the world.", "Ice trade __knowledge__ Networks of ice wagons were typically used to distribute the product to the final domestic and smaller commercial customers.", "Ice trade __knowledge__ The ice trade revolutionized the U.S. meat, vegetable and fruit industries, enabled significant growth in the fishing industry, and encouraged the introduction of a range of new drinks and foods.", "Political positions of John McCain __knowledge__ U.S.", "Political positions of John McCain __knowledge__ Senator John McCain (R-AZ), a member of the U.S. Congress since 1983, a two-time U.S. presidential candidate, and the nominee of the Republican Party in the 2008 U.S. Presidential election, has taken positions on many political issues through his public comments, his presidential campaign statements, and his senatorial voting record.", "Political positions of John McCain __knowledge__ Online, McCain uses his Senate web site and his 2008 campaign web site to describe his political positions.", "Political positions of John McCain __knowledge__ Regarding the general notion of consistency of political positions over time, McCain said in June 2008: \"My principles and my practice and my voting record are very clear.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ The following list describes each of the characters from the popular webseries \"Red vs. Blue\", originally created by Rooster Teeth Productions.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ Colonel Sarge is the leader of the Red Team on Blood Gulch.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He is voiced by Matt Hullum, co-creator of the series, and first appeared at the end of .", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He has a Southern accent.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ Sarge is somewhat bloodthirsty, and the only Blood Gulch soldier on either team to actually be serious about war.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ It is mentioned that he has a military background and briefly joined the ODSTs.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ His preferred weapon is a shotgun, which he carries at all times.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He has a passionate disgust for Grif, demonstrated by his repeated willingness to sacrifice Grif during combat missions as well as how all of his contingency plans are to kill Grif.", "Maine __knowledge__ Maine () is the northernmost state in the New England region of the northeastern United States.", "Maine __knowledge__ Maine is the 39th most extensive and the 9th least populous of the U.S. states and territories.", "Maine __knowledge__ It is bordered by New Hampshire to the west, the Atlantic Ocean to the southeast, and the Canadian provinces of New Brunswick and Quebec to the northeast and northwest respectively.", "Maine __knowledge__ Maine is the easternmost state in the contiguous United States, and the northernmost east of the Great Lakes.", "Maine __knowledge__ It is known for its jagged, rocky coastline; low, rolling mountains; heavily forested interior, and picturesque waterways; and also its seafood cuisine, especially clams and lobster.", "History of Maine __knowledge__ The history of the area comprising the U.S. state of Maine spans thousands of years, measured from the earliest human settlement, or less than two hundred, measured from the advent of U.S. statehood in 1820.", "History of Maine __knowledge__ The present article will concentrate on the period of ch served to distinguish the bulk of the state from its numerous islands.", "History of Maine __knowledge__ The earliest culture known to have inhabited Maine, from roughly 3000 B.C.", "History of Maine __knowledge__ to 1000 B.C., were the Red Paint People, a maritime group known for elaborate burials using red ochre.", "History of Maine __knowledge__ They were followed by the Susquehanna culture, the first to use pottery.", "History of Maine __knowledge__ By the time of European arrival, the inhabitants of Maine were Algonquian-speaking Wabanaki peoples, including the Abenaki, Passamaquoddy, and Penobscots." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The Appalachian National Scenic Trail, generally known as the Appalachian Trail or simply the A.T., is a marked hiking trail in the Eastern United States extending between Springer Mountain in Georgia and Mount Katahdin in Maine.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The trail is estimated around 2,200 miles (3,500 km) long, though the exact length changes over time as parts are modified or rerouted.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The Appalachian Trail Conservancy claims that the Appalachian Trail is the longest hiking-only trail in the world.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ More than 2 million people are said to take a hike on part of the trail at least once each year.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The idea of the Appalachian Trail came about in 1921.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The trail itself was completed in 1937 after more than a decade of work, although improvements and changes continue.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ It is maintained by 31 trail clubs and multiple partnerships, and managed by the National Park Service, United States Forest Service, and the nonprofit Appalachian Trail Conservancy.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The majority of the trail is in forest or wild lands, although some portions traverse towns, roads and farms.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ It passes through 14 states: Georgia, North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, New York, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Steven Paul Jobs (; February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American entrepreneur, business magnate, inventor, and industrial designer.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was the chairman, chief executive officer (CEO), and co-founder of Apple Inc.; CEO and majority shareholder of Pixar; a member of The Walt Disney Company's board of directors following its acquisition of Pixar; and the founder, chairman, and CEO of NeXT.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Jobs and Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak are widely recognized as pioneers of the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was born in San Francisco to parents who had to put him up for adoption at birth; he was raised in the San Francisco Bay Area during the 1960s.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ \"Wow Oh Wow\" is a song by Irish hip pop duo Jedward.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It is the third single released from their second album, \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It was released as a digital download on 18 November 2011.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song is written by Oritsé Williams of boy band JLS, and songwriters Johannes Joergensen, Savan Kotecha, Daniel Klein of Deekay.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ In September 2011, \"Wow Oh Wow\" was announced as the third single from \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ Jedward debuted the song on Irish chat show \"The Late Late Show\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song was released as a digital-only single.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The music video was directed by Dale \"Rage\" Resteghini and filmed in Los Angeles, California in October 2011.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"OMG\" is a song by American recording artist Usher and American rapper will.i.am, who also wrote and produced the song.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ It uses the auto-tune effect in several lines, as well as \"Jock Jams\"-esque sports arena chanting.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ It was released on March 22, 2010 as the first worldwide single off his sixth studio album, \"Raymond v. Raymond\", and the fourth single overall, following the three US singles \"Papers\", \"Hey Daddy (Daddy's Home)\", and \"Lil Freak\".", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was met with a mixed reception from critics, who criticized the use of auto-tune, but commended the song's dance and club vibe.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song marks the second time that Usher has collaborated with will.i.am, following the single \"What's Your Name\", from his previous album \"Here I Stand\" (2008).", "The Adventures of Brisco County, Jr. __knowledge__ The Adventures of Brisco County, Jr., often referred to as just Brisco or Brisco County, is an American weird western television series created by Jeffrey Boam and Carlton Cuse.", "The Adventures of Brisco County, Jr. __knowledge__ It ran for 27 episodes on the Fox network starting in the 1993–94 season.", "The Adventures of Brisco County, Jr. __knowledge__ Set in the American West of 1893, the series follows its title character, a Harvard-educated lawyer-turned-bounty hunter hired by a group of wealthy industrialists to track and capture outlaw John Bly and his gang.", "The Adventures of Brisco County, Jr. __knowledge__ Bruce Campbell plays Brisco, who is joined by a colorful group of supporting characters, including Julius Carry as fellow bounty hunter Lord Bowler and Christian Clemenson as stick-in-the-mud lawyer Socrates Poole.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Those Darlins was a rock and roll band from Nashville, Tennessee active between 2006 and 2016.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The group has released three albums, their alt-country-leaning self-titled debut \"Those Darlins\" in 2009, the garage rock influenced \"Screws Get Loose\" in 2011, and the more classic rock and roll \"Blur the Line\" in 2013.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The band also owns and operates its own record label, Oh Wow Dang Records.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The band entered into a hiatus in 2016.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Lead singer Jessi Zazu died from cancer on September 12, 2017.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Jessi Zazu, Nikki Kvarnes, and Kelley Anderson formed Those Darlins after meeting at the Southern Girls Rock & Roll Camp in Murfreesboro, Tennessee.", "Sex Pistols __knowledge__ The Sex Pistols were an English punk rock band that formed in London in 1975.", "Sex Pistols __knowledge__ They were responsible for initiating the punk movement in the United Kingdom and inspiring many later punk and alternative rock musicians.", "Sex Pistols __knowledge__ Although their initial career lasted just two-and-a-half years and produced only four singles and one studio album, \"Never Mind the Bollocks, Here's the Sex Pistols\", they are regarded as one of the most influential acts in the history of popular music.", "Sex Pistols __knowledge__ The Sex Pistols originally comprised vocalist Johnny Rotten, guitarist Steve Jones, drummer Paul Cook and bassist Glen Matlock.", "Sex Pistols __knowledge__ Matlock was replaced by Sid Vicious in early 1977.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Something Happened __knowledge__ Something Happened is Joseph Heller's second novel (published in 1974, thirteen years after \"Catch-22\").", "Something Happened __knowledge__ Its main character and narrator is Bob Slocum, a businessman who engages in a stream of consciousness narrative about his job, his family, his childhood, his sexual escapades, and his own psyche.", "Something Happened __knowledge__ While there is an ongoing plot about Slocum preparing for a promotion at work, most of the book focuses on detailing various events from his life, ranging from early childhood to his predictions for the future, often in non-chronological order and with little if anything to connect one anecdote to the next.", "Professor Branestawm __knowledge__ Professor Branestawm is a series of thirteen books written by the English author Norman Hunter.", "Professor Branestawm __knowledge__ Written over a 50-year period, between 1933 and 1983, the children's books feature as protagonist the eponymous inventor, Professor Theophilus Branestawm, who is depicted throughout the books as the archetypal absent-minded professor.", "Professor Branestawm __knowledge__ The name \"Branestawm\" is a pun, as a pseudo-homophone of the word \"brainstorm\".", "Professor Branestawm __knowledge__ The first two books in the series were originally published in the 1930s, with the other 11 books published much later from 1970, during Hunter's retirement.", "Professor Branestawm __knowledge__ As such, there is a 33-year gap between the publication of Hunter's second \"Branestawm\" novel, \"Professor Branestawm's Treasure Hunt\" (1937), and his third, \"The Peculiar Triumph of Professor Branestawm\" (1970).", "Something Happened to Me Yesterday __knowledge__ \"Something Happened to Me Yesterday\" is the closing track of The Rolling Stones' 1967 album \"Between the Buttons\".", "Something Happened to Me Yesterday __knowledge__ Written by Mick Jagger and Keith Richards and recorded in August and November 1966, \"Something Happened to Me Yesterday\" is the first officially released Rolling Stones track to feature Richards on separate lead vocal.", "Something Happened to Me Yesterday __knowledge__ Jagger sings the verses; Richards sings the chorus and plays the electric and acoustic guitars; Charlie Watts is on drums and Bill Wyman on bass, Brian Jones plays saxophone and whistles, and Jack Nitzsche plays piano.", "Something Happened to Me Yesterday __knowledge__ At the time of the song's release, Jagger said: \"I leave it to the individual imagination as to what happened.\"", "Something Happened (film) __knowledge__ Something Happened () is a Swedish film directed by Roy Andersson.", "Something Happened (film) __knowledge__ The film was conceived as an educational film about AIDS, but raised controversy and was withdrawn.", "Something Happened (film) __knowledge__ The film claims that HIV was developed in American military laboratories, and that its well-established African origin is a cover-up conspiracy by the Americans.", "Something Happened (film) __knowledge__ Today the film is regarded as a significant step in the development of the style seen in the director's later and more acclaimed films.", "Something Happened (film) __knowledge__ In 1986, the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare contracted Roy Andersson to write and direct an information film about AIDS to be shown in Swedish schools and to military conscripts.", "Billy Wilder __knowledge__ Samuel \"Billy\" Wilder (; ; June 22, 1906March 27, 2002) was an Austrian-American filmmaker, screenwriter, producer, artist, and journalist whose career spanned more than five decades.", "Billy Wilder __knowledge__ He is regarded as one of the most brilliant and versatile filmmakers of Hollywood's golden age.", "Billy Wilder __knowledge__ With \"The Apartment\", Wilder became the first person to win Academy Awards as producer, director, and screenwriter for the same film.", "Billy Wilder __knowledge__ Wilder became a screenwriter in the late 1920s while living in Berlin.", "Billy Wilder __knowledge__ After the rise of the Nazi Party, he left for Paris, where he made his directorial debut.", "Billy Wilder __knowledge__ He moved to Hollywood in 1933, and in 1939 he had a hit when he co-wrote the screenplay for the romantic comedy \"Ninotchka\", starring Greta Garbo.", "2010 Pepsi Max 400 __knowledge__ The 2010 Pepsi Max 400 was a NASCAR Sprint Cup Series stock car race that was held on October 10, 2010, at Auto Club Speedway in Fontana, California.", "2010 Pepsi Max 400 __knowledge__ Contested over 200 laps, it was the 30th race of the 2010 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series season and the fourth race in the season-ending Chase for the Sprint Cup.", "2010 Pepsi Max 400 __knowledge__ The race was won by Tony Stewart of the Stewart-Haas Racing team, while Clint Bowyer finished second, and Jimmie Johnson clinched third.", "2010 Pepsi Max 400 __knowledge__ The Pole position driver Jamie McMurray maintained his lead on the first lap to begin the race, as Elliott Sadler, who started in the second position on the grid, maintained second behind him.", "Reconstruction Era __knowledge__ The term Reconstruction Era, in the context of the history of the United States, has two senses: the first covers the complete history of the entire country from 1865 to 1877 following the American Civil War (1861 to 1865); the second sense focuses on the attempted transformation of the Southern United States from 1863 to 1877, as directed by Congress, from states with economies dependent upon slavery, to states in which former slaves were citizens with civil rights.", "Reconstruction Era __knowledge__ With the three Reconstruction Amendments, the era saw the first amendments to the U.S. Constitution in decades.", "Reconstruction Era __knowledge__ Three visions of Civil War memory appeared during Reconstruction: the reconciliationist vision, which was rooted in coping with the death and devastation the war had brought; the white supremacist vision, which included terror and violence; and the emancipationist vision, which sought full freedom, citizenship, and Constitutional equality for African Americans." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The Appalachian National Scenic Trail, generally known as the Appalachian Trail or simply the A.T., is a marked hiking trail in the Eastern United States extending between Springer Mountain in Georgia and Mount Katahdin in Maine.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The trail is estimated around 2,200 miles (3,500 km) long, though the exact length changes over time as parts are modified or rerouted.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The Appalachian Trail Conservancy claims that the Appalachian Trail is the longest hiking-only trail in the world.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ More than 2 million people are said to take a hike on part of the trail at least once each year.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The idea of the Appalachian Trail came about in 1921.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The trail itself was completed in 1937 after more than a decade of work, although improvements and changes continue.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ It is maintained by 31 trail clubs and multiple partnerships, and managed by the National Park Service, United States Forest Service, and the nonprofit Appalachian Trail Conservancy.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The majority of the trail is in forest or wild lands, although some portions traverse towns, roads and farms.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ It passes through 14 states: Georgia, North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, New York, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ This Is England '86 is a 2010 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne, a spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\".", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Set three years later, it focuses on the mod revival scene rather than the skinhead subculture, with the gang variously adopting an eclectic mix of clothing styles.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Like the film version previously, Thomas Turgoose stars as Shaun, with central roles played by Joe Gilgun as Woody, now a scooter-riding mod, although girlfriend Lol (Vicky McClure) and her friend Trev stay loyal to their roots and still wear the skinhead garb.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Lol's sister Kelly has gone new wave/punk, while other gang members adopt psychobilly, early chav and mohican influences.", "Cowboy __knowledge__ A cowboy is an animal herder who tends cattle on ranches in North America, traditionally on horseback, and often performs a multitude of other ranch-related tasks.", "Cowboy __knowledge__ The historic American cowboy of the late 19th century arose from the \"vaquero\" traditions of northern Mexico and became a figure of special significance and legend.", "Cowboy __knowledge__ A subtype, called a wrangler, specifically tends the horses used to work cattle.", "Cowboy __knowledge__ In addition to ranch work, some cowboys work for or participate in rodeos.", "Cowboy __knowledge__ Cowgirls, first defined as such in the late 19th century, had a less-well documented historical role, but in the modern world have established the ability to work at virtually identical tasks and obtained considerable respect for their achievements.", "Rodeo (ballet) __knowledge__ Rodeo is a ballet scored by Aaron Copland and choreographed by Agnes de Mille, which premiered in 1942.", "Rodeo (ballet) __knowledge__ Subtitled \"The Courting at Burnt Ranch\", the ballet consists of five sections: \"Buckaroo Holiday\", \"Corral Nocturne\", \"Ranch House Party,\" \"Saturday Night Waltz\", and \"Hoe-Down\".", "Rodeo (ballet) __knowledge__ The symphonic version omits \"Ranch House Party\", leaving the other sections relatively intact.", "Rodeo (ballet) __knowledge__ The original ballet was choreographed by Agnes de Mille for the Ballet Russe de Monte Carlo, a dance company that moved to the United States during World War II.", "Rodeo (ballet) __knowledge__ In order to compete with the rival company Ballet Theatre, the Ballet Russe commissioned de Mille out of a career of relative obscurity.", "Star Sapphire (comics) __knowledge__ Star Sapphire is the name of several fictional characters in DC Comics; many of them are villainous, and all connected in origin.", "Star Sapphire (comics) __knowledge__ Within DC continuity, an immortal race of warrior women (the Zamarons) were depicted as having the ancient tradition of choosing physically identical mortals from across the cosmos to serve as the host body for their queen.", "Star Sapphire (comics) __knowledge__ The woman chosen to serve this queen is called \"Star Sapphire\".", "Star Sapphire (comics) __knowledge__ She is given the queen's symbolic weapon; a crystal resembling an actual star sapphire that grants the user powers similar to the power ring of Green Lanterns.", "Star Sapphire (comics) __knowledge__ In the 2000s the term came to refer to the Star Sapphires, an organization whose members in part include women previously depicted as the singular Star Sapphire in DC titles.", "LOL __knowledge__ LOL, or lol, is an acronym for laugh(ing) out loud or lots of laughs, and a popular element of Internet slang.", "LOL __knowledge__ It was first used almost exclusively on Usenet, but has since become widespread in other forms of computer-mediated communication and even face-to-face communication.", "LOL __knowledge__ It is one of many initialisms for expressing bodily reactions, in particular laughter, as text, including initialisms for more emphatic expressions of laughter such as LMAO (\"laugh(ing) my ass off\") and ROFL (or its older form ROTFL; \"roll(ing) on the floor laughing\").", "LOL __knowledge__ Other unrelated expansions include the now mostly obsolete \"lots of luck\" or \"lots of love\" used in letter-writing.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ This Is England '90 is a 2015 British TV drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne and produced by Warp Films.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ A spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\", it is also a sequel to the series \"This Is England '86\" and \"This Is England '88\".", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ \"This Is England '90\" was originally due in late 2012, but in July 2012, Meadows announced that the production had been put on hold in order for him to complete his The Stone Roses, and the actors were still waiting for confirmation as to when filming would start.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ In March 2014, Meadows confirmed that shooting would start later in the year although he had not yet finished the script.", "National Cowgirl Museum and Hall of Fame __knowledge__ The National Cowgirl Museum and Hall of Fame is located in Fort Worth, Texas, US.", "National Cowgirl Museum and Hall of Fame __knowledge__ Established in 1975, it is dedicated to honoring women of the American West who have displayed extraordinary courage and pioneering fortitude.", "National Cowgirl Museum and Hall of Fame __knowledge__ The museum is an educational resource with exhibits, a research library, and rare photography collection.", "National Cowgirl Museum and Hall of Fame __knowledge__ It annually adds Honorees to its Hall of Fame.", "National Cowgirl Museum and Hall of Fame __knowledge__ The National Cowgirl Museum and Hall of Fame honors and documents the lives of women of the American West.", "National Cowgirl Museum and Hall of Fame __knowledge__ The museum was started in 1975 in the basement of the Deaf Smith County Library in Hereford.", "National Cowgirl Museum and Hall of Fame __knowledge__ It was removed to Fort Worth in 1994.", "Superior Hiking Trail __knowledge__ The Superior Hiking Trail, also known as the SHT, is a 310-mile (499 km) long footpath in northeastern Minnesota that follows the ridgeline overlooking Lake Superior for most of its length.", "Superior Hiking Trail __knowledge__ The path is 18 inches (46 cm) wide and is set in the middle of a 4-foot (1.2 m) clearing.", "Superior Hiking Trail __knowledge__ The footpath travels through forests of birch, aspen, pine, fir, and cedar.", "Superior Hiking Trail __knowledge__ Hikers enjoy views of boreal forests, the Sawtooth Mountains, babbling brooks, rushing waterfalls, and abundant wildlife.", "Superior Hiking Trail __knowledge__ The lowest point in the path is 602 feet (183 m) above sea level and the highest point is 1,829 feet (558 m) above sea level.", "Hiking in Chile __knowledge__ Hiking in Chile is characterized by a wide range of environments and climates for hikers, which largely results from Chile's unusual, ribbon-like shape, which is 4,300 kilometres (2,700 miles) long and on average 175 kilometres (109 miles) wide.", "Hiking in Chile __knowledge__ These range from the world's driest desert, the Atacama, in the north, through a Mediterranean climate in the center, to the glaciers, fjords and lakes of Patagonia in the south.", "Hiking in Chile __knowledge__ The longest hiking trail in Chile is the informal 3,000 km (1,850 mi) Greater Patagonian Trail that was created by a non-governmental initiative.", "Hiking in Chile __knowledge__ The Sendero de Chile (“Chilean Trail”) project was launched in the year 2000 by the Chilean government to celebrate the country’s 2010 bicentenary of independence from Spain.", "Waitukubuli Trail __knowledge__ The Waitukubuli Trail located in Dominica is the longest hiking trail in the Caribbean at 115 miles long It is made of 14 segments, beginning in the southern village of Scott's Head, and ending in the north at Cabrit's National Park.", "Waitukubuli Trail __knowledge__ The trail was officially opened in 2013 and was named after the original Kalinago name of the island, Waitukubuli, meaning \"tall is her body\" .", "Waitukubuli Trail __knowledge__ Scott's Head to Soufriere Estate “This trail located in a crater and with evidence of sulphur deposits, helps us to understand the true volcanic nature of Dominica.” Vegetation Type: Dry Forest, Cultivation Distance: 7km or 4 miles Estimated Walking time: 4hrs Climb: 460 metres or 1,518 ft Type of hike: Moderate Areas of interest: Soufriere Estate to Bellevue Chopin This trail with an old slave route, old estates and historic buildings reminds us of Dominica’s history of a plantation society and the era of colonization.", "Blue-Blazed Trails __knowledge__ The Blue-Blazed Hiking Trail system, managed by the Connecticut Forest & Park Association (CFPA), and the related trail systems documented in the two volume (\"East\" and \"West\") 19th Edition of the \"Connecticut Walk Book\" comprise over 800 miles of hiking trails in Connecticut.", "Blue-Blazed Trails __knowledge__ There are now over 825 miles of CFPA Blue-Blazed Hiking Trails that pass through 96 towns traversing both public and private lands.", "Blue-Blazed Trails __knowledge__ This includes all official main and side trails.", "Blue-Blazed Trails __knowledge__ The main line trails are marked using the solid light blue rectangular vertical paint blaze.", "Blue-Blazed Trails __knowledge__ A recent change in blaze design to official CFPA connector, side and alternate trails is now in use.", "Voyageur Hiking Trail __knowledge__ The Voyageur Hiking Trail is a public hiking trail between Sudbury and Thunder Bay in Northern Ontario, Canada.", "Voyageur Hiking Trail __knowledge__ The name honours the early European fur traders of the region who travelled largely by canoe and were known as 'voyageurs’ and ‘coureurs des bois’ (runners of the woods) The trail is used by all ages and levels of experience, from the day hiker to the hardy backpacker.", "Voyageur Hiking Trail __knowledge__ The trail dates to 1973, and is a work in progress that has involved hundreds of volunteers, private sector and government supporters.", "Voyageur Hiking Trail __knowledge__ It is designed for foot traffic in summer and snowshoe/ski traffic in winter Over half the linear trail has been completed (some 600 km) plus numerous side trails.", "Long Path __knowledge__ The Long Path is a long-distance hiking trail beginning at the George Washington Bridge in Fort Lee, New Jersey and ending at Altamont, New York, in the Albany area.", "Long Path __knowledge__ While not yet a continuous trail, relying on road walks in some areas, it nevertheless takes in many of the popular hiking attractions west of the Hudson River, such as the New Jersey Palisades, Harriman State Park, the Shawangunk Ridge and the Catskill Mountains.", "Long Path __knowledge__ It offers hikers a diversity of environments to pass through, from suburbia and sea-level salt marshes along the Hudson to wilderness and boreal forest on Catskill summits in elevation." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The Appalachian National Scenic Trail, generally known as the Appalachian Trail or simply the A.T., is a marked hiking trail in the Eastern United States extending between Springer Mountain in Georgia and Mount Katahdin in Maine.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The trail is estimated around 2,200 miles (3,500 km) long, though the exact length changes over time as parts are modified or rerouted.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The Appalachian Trail Conservancy claims that the Appalachian Trail is the longest hiking-only trail in the world.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ More than 2 million people are said to take a hike on part of the trail at least once each year.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The idea of the Appalachian Trail came about in 1921.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The trail itself was completed in 1937 after more than a decade of work, although improvements and changes continue.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ It is maintained by 31 trail clubs and multiple partnerships, and managed by the National Park Service, United States Forest Service, and the nonprofit Appalachian Trail Conservancy.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The majority of the trail is in forest or wild lands, although some portions traverse towns, roads and farms.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ It passes through 14 states: Georgia, North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, New York, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine.", "Indian Blessing __knowledge__ Indian Blessing (foaled April 9, 2005, in Kentucky) is an American Thoroughbred racehorse who was the American Champion Two-Year-Old Filly in 2007 and Champion Female Sprint Horse in 2008.", "Indian Blessing __knowledge__ Indian Blessing was bred by and raced for Patti and Hal Earnhardt, who also raced both her sire, Indian Charlie, and dam, Shameful.", "Indian Blessing __knowledge__ Indian Charlie won the 1998 Santa Anita Derby and then finished third in the Kentucky Derby, his final start.", "Indian Blessing __knowledge__ Shameful was purchased on behalf of the Earnhardts for $50,000 and went on to win several races including the Pine Tree Lane Stakes.", "Indian Blessing __knowledge__ Trained by Bob Baffert, Indian Blessing went undefeated in three starts at age two in front running fashion.", "You Ain't Much Fun __knowledge__ \"You Ain't Much Fun\" is a song performed by American country music artist Toby Keith that peaked at #2 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) chart.", "You Ain't Much Fun __knowledge__ It was released in March 1995 as the third single released from his second studio album, \"Boomtown.\"", "You Ain't Much Fun __knowledge__ It also peaked at #3 on the Canadian \"RPM\" country tracks.", "You Ain't Much Fun __knowledge__ Keith wrote the song with Carl Goff, Jr. Keith told The Boot that his co-writer, Carl Goff Junior \"came on the bus, and I was writing one night, and he was telling me some story about his wife.", "You Ain't Much Fun __knowledge__ He said, 'Me and my wife have been in a fight, and she said she was going to leave me if I didn't slow down, so I quit drinking.", "Hansel & Gretel: Witch Hunters __knowledge__ Hansel & Gretel: Witch Hunters is a 2013 dark fantasy action horror comedy film written and directed by Tommy Wirkola.", "Hansel & Gretel: Witch Hunters __knowledge__ It is a continuation to the German folklore fairy tale \"Hansel and Gretel\", in which the titular siblings are now grown up and working as a duo of witch exterminators for hire.", "Hansel & Gretel: Witch Hunters __knowledge__ The film stars Jeremy Renner, Gemma Arterton, Famke Janssen, Peter Stormare, Thomas Mann, Pihla Viitala and Derek Mears.", "Hansel & Gretel: Witch Hunters __knowledge__ Originally scheduled for release in March 2012, \"Hansel & Gretel\" was delayed for ten months to accommodate Renner's appearances in \"The Avengers\" and \"The Bourne Legacy\" and to give Wirkola time to shoot a post-credits scene.", "Flash vs. Arrow __knowledge__ \"Flash vs. Arrow\" is the first annual Arrowverse crossover event, broadcast on The CW, featuring episodes of the Arrowverse television series \"The Flash\" and \"Arrow\".", "Flash vs. Arrow __knowledge__ The event began on December 2, 2014, with \"The Flash\" episode \"Flash vs. Arrow\" and concluded the next day with the \"Arrow\" episode \"The Brave and The Bold\".", "Flash vs. Arrow __knowledge__ The crossover sees Team Flash (Barry Allen / Flash, Caitlin Snow, and Cisco Ramon) helping Team Arrow (Oliver Queen / Arrow, Felicity Smoak, and John Diggle) take on the boomerang-wielding villain Captain Boomerang, while Team Arrow helps Team Flash confront the metahuman Roy Bivolo.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "The Box (Fringe) __knowledge__ \"The Box\" is the second episode of the third season of the American science fiction drama television series \"Fringe\".", "The Box (Fringe) __knowledge__ The episode was co-written by Josh Singer and Graham Roland, and directed by Jeffrey Hunt.", "The Box (Fringe) __knowledge__ The third season spent its time alternating between the prime and parallel universes, and \"The Box\" was set in the former.", "The Box (Fringe) __knowledge__ It followed a mysterious box that when opened, killed whomever heard it.", "The Box (Fringe) __knowledge__ The fringe team of Fauxlivia (a doppelgänger of Olivia Dunham), Peter, and Walter investigate, with unknown consequences to the creation of a doomsday device.", "The Box (Fringe) __knowledge__ It first aired on September 30, 2010 in the United States to an estimated 5.24 million viewers, helping the Fox network finish in fourth place for the night.", "Tricia Tanaka Is Dead __knowledge__ \"Tricia Tanaka Is Dead\" is the tenth episode of the third season of the American drama television series \"Lost\", and the show's 59th episode overall.", "Tricia Tanaka Is Dead __knowledge__ The episode was written by Edward Kitsis and Adam Horowitz and directed by Eric Laneuville.", "Tricia Tanaka Is Dead __knowledge__ The character of Hugo \"Hurley\" Reyes (Jorge Garcia) is featured in the episode's flashbacks, as he reminisces over his father (guest star Cheech Marin) abandoning his family for seventeen years.", "Tricia Tanaka Is Dead __knowledge__ On the island, Hurley works with Jin-Soo Kwon (Daniel Dae Kim) and James \"Sawyer\" Ford (Josh Holloway) to repair an old Volkswagen camper van while Kate Austen (Evangeline Lilly) ponders what to do about the still-captured Jack Shephard (Matthew Fox).", "California Trail __knowledge__ The California Trail was an emigrant trail of about across the western half of the North American continent from Missouri River towns to what is now the state of California.", "California Trail __knowledge__ After it was established, the first half of the California Trail followed the same corridor of networked river valley trails as the Oregon Trail and the Mormon Trail, namely the valleys of the Platte, North Platte and Sweetwater rivers to Wyoming.", "California Trail __knowledge__ In the present states of Wyoming, Idaho, and Utah, the California and Oregon trails split into several different trails or cutoffs.", "California Trail __knowledge__ By 1847, two former fur trading frontier forts marked trailheads for major alternative routes through Utah and Wyoming to Northern California.", "Australian gold rushes __knowledge__ During the Australian gold rushes, significant numbers of workers (both from other areas within Australia and from overseas) relocated to areas in which gold had been discovered.", "Australian gold rushes __knowledge__ A number of gold finds occurred in Australia prior to 1851, but only the gold found from 1851 onwards created gold rushes.", "Australian gold rushes __knowledge__ This is mainly because, prior to 1851, the colonial government of New South Wales (Victoria did not become a separate colony until 1 July 1851) had suppressed news of gold finds which it believed would reduce the workforce and destabilise the economy.", "Australian gold rushes __knowledge__ After the California gold rush began in 1848, which caused many people to leave Australia for California to look for gold there, the New South Wales government rethought its position, and sought approval from the Colonial Office in England to allow the exploitation of the mineral resources and also offered rewards for the finding of payable gold.", "Junípero Serra __knowledge__ Junípero Serra y Ferrer, O.F.M., (; , ) (November 24, 1713August 28, 1784) was a Roman Catholic Spanish priest and friar of the Franciscan Order who founded a mission in Baja California and the first nine of 21 Spanish missions in California from San Diego to San Francisco, in what was then Alta California in the Province of Las Californias, New Spain.", "Junípero Serra __knowledge__ Serra was beatified by Pope John Paul II on September 25, 1988, in Vatican City.", "Junípero Serra __knowledge__ Pope Francis canonised him on September 23, 2015, at the Basilica of the National Shrine of the Immaculate Conception in Washington, D.C., during his first visit to the United States.", "Oregon Trail __knowledge__ The Oregon Trail is a historic east–west, large-wheeled wagon route and emigrant trail in the United States that connected the Missouri River to valleys in Oregon.", "Oregon Trail __knowledge__ The eastern part of the Oregon Trail spanned part of the future state of Kansas, and nearly all of what are now the states of Nebraska and Wyoming.", "Oregon Trail __knowledge__ The western half of the trail spanned most of the future states of Idaho and Oregon.", "Oregon Trail __knowledge__ The Oregon Trail was laid by fur traders and traders from about 1811 to 1840, and was only passable on foot or by horseback.", "Oregon Trail __knowledge__ By 1836, when the first migrant wagon train was organized in Independence, Missouri, a wagon trail had been cleared to Fort Hall, Idaho.", "Yukon Quest __knowledge__ The Yukon Quest 1,000-mile International Sled Dog Race, or simply Yukon Quest, is a sled dog race run every February between Fairbanks, Alaska, and Whitehorse, Yukon.", "Yukon Quest __knowledge__ Because of the harsh winter conditions, difficult trail, and the limited support that competitors are allowed, it is considered the \"most difficult sled dog race in the world\", or even the \"toughest race in the world\".", "Yukon Quest __knowledge__ In the competition, first run in 1984, a dog team leader (called a musher) and a team of 6 to 14 dogs race for 10 to 20 days.", "Yukon Quest __knowledge__ The course follows the route of the historic 1890s Klondike Gold Rush, mail delivery, and transportation routes between Fairbanks, Dawson City, and Whitehorse.", "Big Sur __knowledge__ Big Sur is a lightly populated, unincorporated region on California's Central Coast that is frequently praised for its rugged coastline and mountain views, where the Santa Lucia Mountains rise abruptly from the Pacific Ocean.", "Big Sur __knowledge__ The coast is the \"longest and most scenic stretch of undeveloped coastline in the [contiguous] United States,\" it has been described as a \"national treasure that demands extraordinary procedures to protect it from development\" and \"one of the most beautiful coastlines anywhere in the world, an isolated stretch of road, mythic in reputation.\"", "Big Sur __knowledge__ Big Sur's Cone Peak at 5,155 feet (1,571 m) is only 3 miles (5 km) from the ocean and the tallest coastal mountain in the contiguous United States." ] ]

[ 1, 9, 3, 2, 0 ]

[ "Yes I know a little, it is in the Eastern U.S. and goes from Georgia to Maine.", "Not that something happened but it is just so big, passing through fourteen different states!", "It is the longest hiking trail in the world so I'm thinking you just go hike it.", "I would think you could do that some part of the 2,200 miles that make up the trail. ", "I do like being outside!" ]

[ "Appalachian Trail", "Appalachian Trail", "Appalachian Trail", "Appalachian Trail", "Appalachian Trail" ]

[ "Plantation", "OK tell me more about namibia", "Interesting how long does it cocoa, cotton to grow", "Wow can you tell me some of cocoa prouduce" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Plantation __knowledge__ A plantation is a large-scale farm that specializes in cash crops.", "Plantation __knowledge__ The crops grown include cotton, coffee, tea, cocoa, sugar cane, sisal, oil seeds, oil palms, rubber trees, and fruits.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Protectionist policies and natural comparative advantage have sometimes contributed to determining where plantations were located.", "Plantation __knowledge__ A plantation house is the main house of a plantation, often a substantial farmhouse, which often serves as a symbol for the plantation as a whole.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Plantation houses in the Southern United States and in other areas were often quite grand and expensive architectural works.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Among the earliest examples of plantations were the latifundia of the Roman Empire, which produced large quantities of wine and olive oil for export.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Plantation agriculture grew rapidly with the increase in international trade and the development of a worldwide economy that followed the expansion of European colonial empires.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Like every economic activity, it has changed over time.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Earlier forms of plantation agriculture were associated with large disparities of wealth and income, foreign ownership and political influence, and exploitative social systems such as indentured labor and slavery.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Industrial plantations are established to produce a high volume of wood in a short period of time." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Plantation __knowledge__ A plantation is a large-scale farm that specializes in cash crops.", "Plantation __knowledge__ The crops grown include cotton, coffee, tea, cocoa, sugar cane, sisal, oil seeds, oil palms, rubber trees, and fruits.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Protectionist policies and natural comparative advantage have sometimes contributed to determining where plantations were located.", "Plantation __knowledge__ A plantation house is the main house of a plantation, often a substantial farmhouse, which often serves as a symbol for the plantation as a whole.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Plantation houses in the Southern United States and in other areas were often quite grand and expensive architectural works.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Among the earliest examples of plantations were the latifundia of the Roman Empire, which produced large quantities of wine and olive oil for export.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Plantation agriculture grew rapidly with the increase in international trade and the development of a worldwide economy that followed the expansion of European colonial empires.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Like every economic activity, it has changed over time.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Earlier forms of plantation agriculture were associated with large disparities of wealth and income, foreign ownership and political influence, and exploitative social systems such as indentured labor and slavery.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Industrial plantations are established to produce a high volume of wood in a short period of time.", "Namibia __knowledge__ Namibia (, ), officially the Republic of Namibia (German: ; ) is a country in southern Africa whose western border is the Atlantic Ocean.", "Namibia __knowledge__ It shares land borders with Zambia and Angola to the north, Botswana to the east and South Africa to the south and east.", "Namibia __knowledge__ Although it does not border Zimbabwe, less than 200 metres of the Zambezi River (essentially a small bulge in Botswana to achieve a Botswana/Zambia micro-border) separates the two countries.", "Namibia __knowledge__ Namibia gained independence from South Africa on 21 March 1990, following the Namibian War of Independence.", "Namibia __knowledge__ Its capital and largest city is Windhoek, and it is a member state of the United Nations (UN), the Southern African Development Community (SADC), the African Union (AU), and the Commonwealth of Nations.", "OK __knowledge__ \"OK\" (; spelling variations include \"okay\", \"O.K.", "OK __knowledge__ \", \"ok\") is an English word denoting approval, acceptance, agreement, assent, or acknowledgment.", "OK __knowledge__ \"OK\" is frequently used as a loanword in other languages.", "OK __knowledge__ It has been described as the most frequently spoken or written word on the planet.", "OK __knowledge__ As an adjective, \"OK\" principally means \"adequate\" or \"acceptable\" as a contrast to \"bad\" (\"The boss approved this, so it is OK to send out\"); it can also mean \"mediocre\" when used in contrast with \"good\" (\"The french fries were great, but the burger was just OK\").", "OK __knowledge__ It fulfills a similar role as an adverb (\"Wow, you did OK for your first time skiing!\").", "OK Computer __knowledge__ OK Computer is the third studio album by English alternative rock band Radiohead, released on 16 June 1997 on EMI subsidiaries Parlophone and Capitol Records.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ The members of Radiohead self-produced the album with Nigel Godrich, an arrangement they have used for their subsequent albums.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ Other than the song \"Lucky\", which was recorded in 1995, Radiohead recorded the album in Oxfordshire and Bath between 1996 and early 1997, mostly in the historic mansion St Catherine's Court.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ The band made a deliberate attempt to distance themselves from the guitar-oriented, lyrically introspective style of their previous album, \"The Bends\".", "History of Namibia __knowledge__ The history of Namibia has passed through several distinct stages from being colonised in the late nineteenth century to Namibia's independence on 21 March 1990.", "History of Namibia __knowledge__ From 1884, Namibia was a German colony: German South West Africa.", "History of Namibia __knowledge__ After the First World War, the League of Nations mandated South Africa to administer the territory.", "History of Namibia __knowledge__ Following World War II, the League of Nations was dissolved in April 1946 and its successor, the United Nations, instituted a Trusteeship system to bring all of the former German colonies in Africa under UN control.", "History of Namibia __knowledge__ South Africa objected arguing that a majority of the territory's people were content with South African rule.", "Australian contribution to UNTAG __knowledge__ The Australian Services Contingent was the Australian Army contribution to the United Nations Transition Assistance Group (UNTAG) peacekeeping mission to Namibia in 1989 and 1990.", "Australian contribution to UNTAG __knowledge__ Australia sent two contingents of over 300 engineers each to assist the Special Representative of the Secretary General, Martti Ahtisaari, in overseeing free and fair elections in Namibia for a Constituent Assembly in what was the largest deployment of Australian troops since the Vietnam War.", "Australian contribution to UNTAG __knowledge__ The Australian mission was widely reported as successful.", "Australian contribution to UNTAG __knowledge__ Colonel John Crocker, commander of the second Australian contingent (2ASC), wrote that the November 1989 election was UNTAG's \"raison d'être\" and observed that \"the Australian contingent's complete and wide-ranging support was critical to the success of that election and hence the mission – a fact that has been acknowledged at the highest level in UNTAG\".", "OK Go __knowledge__ OK Go is an American rock band originally from Chicago, Illinois, now based in Los Angeles, California.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band is composed of Damian Kulash (lead vocals, guitar), Tim Nordwind (bass guitar and vocals), Dan Konopka (drums and percussion) and Andy Ross (guitar, keyboards and vocals), who joined them in 2005, replacing Andy Duncan.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band is known for its often quirky and elaborate one-take music videos.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The original members formed as OK Go in 1998 and released two studio albums before Duncan's departure.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band's video for \"Here It Goes Again\" won a Grammy Award for Best Music Video in 2007.", "Sister Namibia __knowledge__ Sister Namibia, formerly known as the Sister Namibia Collective, is a feminist nonpartisan non-governmental organization (NGO) located in Windhoek, Namibia.", "Sister Namibia __knowledge__ The organization was established in 1989 on the eve of the Namibia’s independence from South Africa.", "Sister Namibia __knowledge__ Sister Namibia advocates for women’s rights and engages in activities that promote full gender equality in a world free from violence, discrimination, and oppression.", "Sister Namibia __knowledge__ From its inception, the organization’s main function has been to produce Sister Namibia Magazine.", "Sister Namibia __knowledge__ In the 1990s Sister Namibia expanded its operations to include educational programs, research, activism, media engagement, and cultural activities in support of women’s rights.", "Fair trade __knowledge__ Fair trade is a social movement whose stated goal is to help producers in developing countries achieve better trading conditions and to promote sustainable farming.", "Fair trade __knowledge__ Members of the movement advocate the payment of higher prices to exporters, as well as improved social and environmental standards.", "Fair trade __knowledge__ The movement focuses in particular on commodities, or products which are typically exported from developing countries to developed countries, but also consumed in domestic markets (e.g.", "Fair trade __knowledge__ Brazil, India and Bangladesh) most notably handicrafts, coffee, cocoa, wine, sugar, fresh fruit, chocolate, flowers and gold.", "Agriculture in Haiti __knowledge__ Agriculture continued to be the mainstay of the economy of Haiti in the late 1980s; it employed approximately 66 percent of the labor force and accounted for about 35 percent of GDP and for 24 percent of exports in 1987.", "Agriculture in Haiti __knowledge__ The role of agriculture in the economy has declined severely since the 1950s, when the sector employed 80 percent of the labor force, represented 50 percent of GDP, and contributed 90 percent of exports.", "Agriculture in Haiti __knowledge__ Many factors have contributed to this decline.", "Agriculture in Haiti __knowledge__ Some of the major ones included the continuing fragmentation of landholdings, low levels of agricultural technology, migration out of rural areas, insecure land tenure, a lack of capital investment, high commodity taxes, the low productivity of undernourished animals, plant diseases, and inadequate infrastructure.", "Agriculture in Brazil __knowledge__ The agriculture of Brazil is historically one of the principal bases of Brazil's economy.", "Agriculture in Brazil __knowledge__ While its initial focus was on sugarcane, Brazil eventually became the world's largest exporter of coffee, soybeans, beef, and crop-based ethanol.", "Agriculture in Brazil __knowledge__ Brazil exported 37 thousand tons of processed cashew nuts valued at 187.7 thousand USD in 2012.", "Agriculture in Brazil __knowledge__ The success of agriculture during the Estado Novo (New State), with Getúlio Vargas, led to the expression, \"Brazil, breadbasket of the world\".", "Agriculture in Brazil __knowledge__ As of 2009 Brazil had about of undeveloped fertile land – a territory larger than the combined area of France and Spain.", "Agriculture in Brazil __knowledge__ According to a 2008 IBGE study, despite the world financial crisis, Brazil had record agricultural production, with growth of 9.1%, principally motivated by favorable weather.", "Cocoa bean __knowledge__ The cocoa bean, also called cacao bean, cocoa (), and cacao (), is the dried and fully fermented seed of \"Theobroma cacao\", from which cocoa solids and, because of the seed's fat, cocoa butter can be extracted.", "Cocoa bean __knowledge__ The beans are the basis of chocolate, and of such Mesoamerican foods as \"mole\" and \"tejate\".", "Cocoa bean __knowledge__ The word \"cocoa\" comes from the Spanish word \"cacao\", which is derived from the Nahuatl word \"cacahuatl\".", "Cocoa bean __knowledge__ The Nahuatl word, in turn, ultimately derives from the reconstructed Proto Mije-Sokean word \"*kakaw~*kakawa\".", "Cocoa bean __knowledge__ The term \"cocoa\" also means The cacao tree is native to the Americas.", "Cocoa bean __knowledge__ It originated in Central America and parts of Mexico.", "Child labour __knowledge__ Child labour refers to the employment of children in any work that deprives children of their childhood, interferes with their ability to attend regular school, and that is mentally, physically, socially or morally dangerous and harmful.", "Child labour __knowledge__ This practice is considered exploitative by many international organisations.", "Child labour __knowledge__ Legislation across the world prohibit child labour.", "Child labour __knowledge__ These laws do not consider all work by children as child labour; exceptions include work by child artists, family duties, supervised training, certain categories of work such as those by Amish children, some forms of child work common among indigenous American children, and others.", "Child labor in cocoa production __knowledge__ The widespread use of children in cocoa production is controversial, not only for the concerns about child labor and exploitation, but also because, as of 2015, up to 19,000 children working in Côte d'Ivoire, the world's biggest producer of cocoa, may have been victims of trafficking or slavery.", "Child labor in cocoa production __knowledge__ Most attention on this subject has focused on West Africa, which collectively supplies 69 percent of the world's cocoa, and Côte d'Ivoire in particular, which supplies 35 percent of the world's cocoa.", "Child labor in cocoa production __knowledge__ Thirty percent of children under age 15 in sub-Saharan Africa are child laborers, mostly in agricultural activities including cocoa farming.", "Ivory Coast __knowledge__ Ivory Coast, also known as Côte d'Ivoire and officially as the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire, is a sovereign state located in West Africa.", "Ivory Coast __knowledge__ Ivory Coast's political capital is Yamoussoukro, and its economic capital and largest city is the port city of Abidjan.", "Ivory Coast __knowledge__ Its bordering countries are Guinea and Liberia in the west, Burkina Faso and Mali in the north, and Ghana in the east.", "Ivory Coast __knowledge__ The Gulf of Guinea (Atlantic Ocean) is located south of Ivory Coast.", "Ivory Coast __knowledge__ Prior to its colonization by Europeans, Ivory Coast was home to several states, including Gyaaman, the Kong Empire, and Baoulé.", "Ivory Coast __knowledge__ Two Anyi kingdoms, Indénié and Sanwi, attempted to retain their separate identity through the French colonial period and after independence." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Plantation __knowledge__ A plantation is a large-scale farm that specializes in cash crops.", "Plantation __knowledge__ The crops grown include cotton, coffee, tea, cocoa, sugar cane, sisal, oil seeds, oil palms, rubber trees, and fruits.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Protectionist policies and natural comparative advantage have sometimes contributed to determining where plantations were located.", "Plantation __knowledge__ A plantation house is the main house of a plantation, often a substantial farmhouse, which often serves as a symbol for the plantation as a whole.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Plantation houses in the Southern United States and in other areas were often quite grand and expensive architectural works.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Among the earliest examples of plantations were the latifundia of the Roman Empire, which produced large quantities of wine and olive oil for export.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Plantation agriculture grew rapidly with the increase in international trade and the development of a worldwide economy that followed the expansion of European colonial empires.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Like every economic activity, it has changed over time.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Earlier forms of plantation agriculture were associated with large disparities of wealth and income, foreign ownership and political influence, and exploitative social systems such as indentured labor and slavery.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Industrial plantations are established to produce a high volume of wood in a short period of time.", "Fair trade __knowledge__ Fair trade is a social movement whose stated goal is to help producers in developing countries achieve better trading conditions and to promote sustainable farming.", "Fair trade __knowledge__ Members of the movement advocate the payment of higher prices to exporters, as well as improved social and environmental standards.", "Fair trade __knowledge__ The movement focuses in particular on commodities, or products which are typically exported from developing countries to developed countries, but also consumed in domestic markets (e.g.", "Fair trade __knowledge__ Brazil, India and Bangladesh) most notably handicrafts, coffee, cocoa, wine, sugar, fresh fruit, chocolate, flowers and gold.", "Cocoa bean __knowledge__ The cocoa bean, also called cacao bean, cocoa (), and cacao (), is the dried and fully fermented seed of \"Theobroma cacao\", from which cocoa solids and, because of the seed's fat, cocoa butter can be extracted.", "Cocoa bean __knowledge__ The beans are the basis of chocolate, and of such Mesoamerican foods as \"mole\" and \"tejate\".", "Cocoa bean __knowledge__ The word \"cocoa\" comes from the Spanish word \"cacao\", which is derived from the Nahuatl word \"cacahuatl\".", "Cocoa bean __knowledge__ The Nahuatl word, in turn, ultimately derives from the reconstructed Proto Mije-Sokean word \"*kakaw~*kakawa\".", "Cocoa bean __knowledge__ The term \"cocoa\" also means The cacao tree is native to the Americas.", "Cocoa bean __knowledge__ It originated in Central America and parts of Mexico.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Chocolate is a typically sweet, usually brown food preparation of \"Theobroma cacao\" seeds, roasted and ground.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ It is made in the form of a liquid, paste, or in a block, or used as a flavoring ingredient in other foods.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Cacao has been cultivated by many cultures for at least three millennia in Mesoamerica.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The earliest evidence of use traces to the Olmecs (Mexico), with evidence of chocolate beverages dating back to 1900 BCE.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ In fact, the majority of Mesoamerican people made chocolate beverages, including the Maya and Aztecs, who made it into a beverage known as \"xocolātl\" , a Nahuatl word meaning \"bitter water\".", "Fair trade cocoa __knowledge__ Fair trade cocoa is an agricultural product harvested from the cacao tree using a certified process which is followed by cocoa farmers, buyers, and chocolate manufacturers, and is designed to create sustainable incomes for farmers and their families.", "Fair trade cocoa __knowledge__ Companies that use fair trade certified cocoa to create products can advertise that they are contributing to social, economic, and environmental sustainability in agriculture.", "Fair trade cocoa __knowledge__ In the 1990s, approximately 90 percent of the world’s cocoa was produced on small, family managed farms, primarily in West Africa and Latin America.", "Fair trade cocoa __knowledge__ Local collectors and intermediaries purchase and transport the cocoa to exporters and processors.", "Child labor in cocoa production __knowledge__ The widespread use of children in cocoa production is controversial, not only for the concerns about child labor and exploitation, but also because, as of 2015, up to 19,000 children working in Côte d'Ivoire, the world's biggest producer of cocoa, may have been victims of trafficking or slavery.", "Child labor in cocoa production __knowledge__ Most attention on this subject has focused on West Africa, which collectively supplies 69 percent of the world's cocoa, and Côte d'Ivoire in particular, which supplies 35 percent of the world's cocoa.", "Child labor in cocoa production __knowledge__ Thirty percent of children under age 15 in sub-Saharan Africa are child laborers, mostly in agricultural activities including cocoa farming.", "The British Cotton Growing Association __knowledge__ The British Cotton Growing Association (BCGA) was an organisation of the various bodies connected with the Lancashire cotton industry formed in 1902 to reduce that industry’s dependence on supplies of raw cotton from the United States by promoting the development of cotton growing in the British Empire.", "The British Cotton Growing Association __knowledge__ It was described as a “semi-philanthropic” organisation, or combination of Non-governmental organization and a development agency, as it provided development funds without requiring any direct repayment, but did expect the Lancashire cotton industry to benefit indirectly in the longer term from more secure cotton supplies.", "Child labour __knowledge__ Child labour refers to the employment of children in any work that deprives children of their childhood, interferes with their ability to attend regular school, and that is mentally, physically, socially or morally dangerous and harmful.", "Child labour __knowledge__ This practice is considered exploitative by many international organisations.", "Child labour __knowledge__ Legislation across the world prohibit child labour.", "Child labour __knowledge__ These laws do not consider all work by children as child labour; exceptions include work by child artists, family duties, supervised training, certain categories of work such as those by Amish children, some forms of child work common among indigenous American children, and others.", "History of Africa __knowledge__ The history of Africa begins with the emergence of \"Homo sapiens\" in East Africa, and continues into the present as a patchwork of diverse and politically developing nation states.", "History of Africa __knowledge__ The recorded history of early civilization arose in the Kingdom of Kush, and later in Ancient Egypt, the Sahel, the Maghreb and the Horn of Africa.", "History of Africa __knowledge__ During the Middle Ages, Islam spread west from Arabia to Egypt, crossing the Maghreb and the Sahel.", "History of Africa __knowledge__ Some notable pre-colonial states and societies in Africa include the Ajuran Empire, D'mt, Adal Sultanate, Warsangali Sultanate, Kingdom of Nri, Nok culture, Mali Empire, Songhai Empire, Benin Empire, Ashanti Empire, Ghana Empire, Mossi Kingdoms, Mutapa Empire, Kingdom of Mapungubwe, Kingdom of Sine, Kingdom of Sennar, Kingdom of Saloum, Kingdom of Baol, Kingdom of Cayor, Kingdom of Zimbabwe, Kingdom of Kongo, Empire of Kaabu, Ancient Carthage, Numidia, Mauretania, and the Aksumite Empire.", "South Africa __knowledge__ South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa.", "South Africa __knowledge__ It is bounded on the south by of coastline of Southern Africa stretching along the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans; on the north by the neighbouring countries of Namibia, Botswana, and Zimbabwe; and on the east and northeast by Mozambique and Swaziland; and surrounds the kingdom of Lesotho.", "South Africa __knowledge__ South Africa is the largest country in Southern Africa and the 25th-largest country in the world by land area and, with close to 56 million people, is the world's 24th-most populous nation.", "South Africa __knowledge__ It is the southernmost country on the mainland of the Old World or the Eastern Hemisphere.", "Atlantic Ocean __knowledge__ The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest of the world's oceans with a total area of about .", "Atlantic Ocean __knowledge__ It covers approximately 20 percent of the Earth's surface and about 29 percent of its water surface area.", "Atlantic Ocean __knowledge__ It separates the \"Old World\" from the \"New World\".", "Atlantic Ocean __knowledge__ The Atlantic Ocean occupies an elongated, S-shaped basin extending longitudinally between Eurasia and Africa to the east, and the Americas to the west.", "Atlantic Ocean __knowledge__ As one component of the interconnected global ocean, it is connected in the north to the Arctic Ocean, to the Pacific Ocean in the southwest, the Indian Ocean in the southeast, and the Southern Ocean in the south (other definitions describe the Atlantic as extending southward to Antarctica).", "Namibia __knowledge__ Namibia (, ), officially the Republic of Namibia (German: ; ) is a country in southern Africa whose western border is the Atlantic Ocean.", "Namibia __knowledge__ It shares land borders with Zambia and Angola to the north, Botswana to the east and South Africa to the south and east.", "Namibia __knowledge__ Although it does not border Zimbabwe, less than 200 metres of the Zambezi River (essentially a small bulge in Botswana to achieve a Botswana/Zambia micro-border) separates the two countries.", "Namibia __knowledge__ Namibia gained independence from South Africa on 21 March 1990, following the Namibian War of Independence.", "Namibia __knowledge__ Its capital and largest city is Windhoek, and it is a member state of the United Nations (UN), the Southern African Development Community (SADC), the African Union (AU), and the Commonwealth of Nations.", "Geography of South Africa __knowledge__ South Africa occupies the southern tip of Africa, its coastline stretching more than from the desert border with Namibia on the Atlantic (western) coast southwards around the tip of Africa and then northeast to the border with Mozambique on the Indian Ocean.", "Geography of South Africa __knowledge__ The low-lying coastal zone is narrow for much of that distance, soon giving way to a mountainous escarpment (Great Escarpment) that separates the coast from the high inland plateau.", "Geography of South Africa __knowledge__ In some places, notably the province of KwaZulu-Natal in the east, a greater distance separates the coast from the escarpment.", "Geography of South Africa __knowledge__ Although most of the country is classified as semi-arid, it has considerable variation in climate as well as topography.", "Africa __knowledge__ Africa is the world's second largest and second most-populous continent (the first being Asia in both categories).", "Africa __knowledge__ At about 30.3 million km (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of its total land area.", "Africa __knowledge__ With /1e9 round 1 billion people as of , it accounts for about 16% of the world's human population.", "Africa __knowledge__ The continent is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, both the Suez Canal and the Red Sea along the Sinai Peninsula to the northeast, the Indian Ocean to the southeast and the Atlantic Ocean to the west.", "Africa __knowledge__ The continent includes Madagascar and various archipelagos.", "History of Western civilization __knowledge__ Western civilization traces its roots back to Western Europe and the Western Mediterranean.", "History of Western civilization __knowledge__ It is linked to the Roman Empire and with Medieval Western Christendom which emerged from the Middle Ages to experience such transformative episodes as the Renaissance, the Reformation, the Enlightenment, the Industrial Revolution, scientific revolution, and the development of liberal democracy.", "History of Western civilization __knowledge__ The civilizations of Classical Greece, Ancient Rome and Ancient Israel are considered seminal periods in Western history; a few cultural contributions also emerged from the pagan peoples of pre-Christian Europe, such as the Celts and Germans." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Plantation __knowledge__ A plantation is a large-scale farm that specializes in cash crops.", "Plantation __knowledge__ The crops grown include cotton, coffee, tea, cocoa, sugar cane, sisal, oil seeds, oil palms, rubber trees, and fruits.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Protectionist policies and natural comparative advantage have sometimes contributed to determining where plantations were located.", "Plantation __knowledge__ A plantation house is the main house of a plantation, often a substantial farmhouse, which often serves as a symbol for the plantation as a whole.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Plantation houses in the Southern United States and in other areas were often quite grand and expensive architectural works.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Among the earliest examples of plantations were the latifundia of the Roman Empire, which produced large quantities of wine and olive oil for export.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Plantation agriculture grew rapidly with the increase in international trade and the development of a worldwide economy that followed the expansion of European colonial empires.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Like every economic activity, it has changed over time.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Earlier forms of plantation agriculture were associated with large disparities of wealth and income, foreign ownership and political influence, and exploitative social systems such as indentured labor and slavery.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Industrial plantations are established to produce a high volume of wood in a short period of time.", "Cocoa bean __knowledge__ The cocoa bean, also called cacao bean, cocoa (), and cacao (), is the dried and fully fermented seed of \"Theobroma cacao\", from which cocoa solids and, because of the seed's fat, cocoa butter can be extracted.", "Cocoa bean __knowledge__ The beans are the basis of chocolate, and of such Mesoamerican foods as \"mole\" and \"tejate\".", "Cocoa bean __knowledge__ The word \"cocoa\" comes from the Spanish word \"cacao\", which is derived from the Nahuatl word \"cacahuatl\".", "Cocoa bean __knowledge__ The Nahuatl word, in turn, ultimately derives from the reconstructed Proto Mije-Sokean word \"*kakaw~*kakawa\".", "Cocoa bean __knowledge__ The term \"cocoa\" also means The cacao tree is native to the Americas.", "Cocoa bean __knowledge__ It originated in Central America and parts of Mexico.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Chocolate is a typically sweet, usually brown food preparation of \"Theobroma cacao\" seeds, roasted and ground.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ It is made in the form of a liquid, paste, or in a block, or used as a flavoring ingredient in other foods.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Cacao has been cultivated by many cultures for at least three millennia in Mesoamerica.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The earliest evidence of use traces to the Olmecs (Mexico), with evidence of chocolate beverages dating back to 1900 BCE.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ In fact, the majority of Mesoamerican people made chocolate beverages, including the Maya and Aztecs, who made it into a beverage known as \"xocolātl\" , a Nahuatl word meaning \"bitter water\".", "Fair trade cocoa __knowledge__ Fair trade cocoa is an agricultural product harvested from the cacao tree using a certified process which is followed by cocoa farmers, buyers, and chocolate manufacturers, and is designed to create sustainable incomes for farmers and their families.", "Fair trade cocoa __knowledge__ Companies that use fair trade certified cocoa to create products can advertise that they are contributing to social, economic, and environmental sustainability in agriculture.", "Fair trade cocoa __knowledge__ In the 1990s, approximately 90 percent of the world’s cocoa was produced on small, family managed farms, primarily in West Africa and Latin America.", "Fair trade cocoa __knowledge__ Local collectors and intermediaries purchase and transport the cocoa to exporters and processors.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Child labor in cocoa production __knowledge__ The widespread use of children in cocoa production is controversial, not only for the concerns about child labor and exploitation, but also because, as of 2015, up to 19,000 children working in Côte d'Ivoire, the world's biggest producer of cocoa, may have been victims of trafficking or slavery.", "Child labor in cocoa production __knowledge__ Most attention on this subject has focused on West Africa, which collectively supplies 69 percent of the world's cocoa, and Côte d'Ivoire in particular, which supplies 35 percent of the world's cocoa.", "Child labor in cocoa production __knowledge__ Thirty percent of children under age 15 in sub-Saharan Africa are child laborers, mostly in agricultural activities including cocoa farming.", "Harkin–Engel Protocol __knowledge__ The Harkin–Engel Protocol, sometimes referred to as the Cocoa Protocol, is an international agreement aimed at ending the worst forms of child labor (according to the International Labour Organization's Convention 182) and forced labor (according to ILO Convention 29) in the production of cocoa, the main ingredient in chocolate.", "Harkin–Engel Protocol __knowledge__ The protocol was negotiated by U.S.", "Harkin–Engel Protocol __knowledge__ Senator Tom Harkin and U.S. Representative Eliot Engel in response to a documentary and multiple articles in 2000 and 2001 reporting widespread child slavery and child trafficking in the production of cocoa.", "Harkin–Engel Protocol __knowledge__ The protocol was signed in September 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Cocoa butter __knowledge__ Cocoa butter, also called theobroma oil, is a pale-yellow, edible vegetable fat extracted from the cocoa bean.", "Cocoa butter __knowledge__ It is used to make chocolate, as well as some ointments, toiletries, and pharmaceuticals.", "Cocoa butter __knowledge__ Cocoa butter has a cocoa flavor and aroma.", "Cocoa butter __knowledge__ Its best-known attribute is its melting point, which is just below human body temperature.", "Cocoa butter __knowledge__ Cocoa butter is obtained from whole cocoa beans, which are fermented, roasted, and then separated from their hulls.", "Cocoa butter __knowledge__ About 54–58% of the residue is cocoa butter.", "Cocoa butter __knowledge__ Chocolate liquor is pressed to separate the cocoa butter from the cocoa solids.", "Cocoa butter __knowledge__ The Broma process is used to extract cocoa butter from ground cocoa beans.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ The chocolate industry in the Philippines evidences the agricultural roots of the Philippine society.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ The growing of cacao or cocoa boasts a long history stretching from the colonial times.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ Originating from Mesoamerican forests, cacao was first introduced by the Spanish colonizers four centuries ago.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ Since then the Philippine cocoa industry has been the primary producer of cocoa beans in the Southeast Asia.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ There are many areas of production of cacao in the Philippines, owing to its agriculture.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ The chocolate industry is currently on a small to medium scale.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ The word “chocolate” as we know it today was spelled in different ways throughout time, in different ways such as “chocalatall,” “jocolatte,” “jacolatte,” and “chockelet.” It is a derivative of the word \"cacahuatl\" or \"xocoatl\", a bitter drink the Aztecs brewed from cacao beans mixed with spices, wine, and other local ingredients that can be traced back to Pre-Columbian Mexico.", "Cocoa solids __knowledge__ Cocoa solids are a mixture of many substances remaining after cocoa butter is extracted from cacao beans.", "Cocoa solids __knowledge__ When sold as an end product, it may also be called cocoa powder or cocoa.", "Cocoa solids __knowledge__ Cocoa solids are a key ingredient of chocolate, chocolate syrup, and chocolate confections.", "Cocoa solids __knowledge__ In contrast, the fatty component of chocolate is cocoa butter.", "Cocoa solids __knowledge__ Cocoa butter is 50% to 57% of the weight of cocoa beans and gives chocolate its characteristic melting properties.", "Cocoa solids __knowledge__ Cocoa liquor or cocoa mass is a paste of roasted cocoa beans with cocoa butter and solids in their natural proportions.", "Cocoa solids __knowledge__ Recipes for chocolate require the addition of extra cocoa butter to cocoa liquor, leading to a cocoa solids surplus and thus a relatively cheap supply of cocoa powder.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ Hot chocolate, also known as hot cocoa, drinking chocolate or just cocoa is a heated beverage consisting of shaved chocolate, melted chocolate or cocoa powder, heated milk or water, and usually a sweetener.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ Hot chocolate may be topped with whipped cream.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ Hot chocolate made with melted chocolate is sometimes called drinking chocolate, characterized by less sweetness and a thicker consistency.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ The first chocolate beverage is believed to have been created by the Mayans around 2,500-3,000 years ago, and a cocoa beverage was an essential part of Aztec culture by 1400 AD, by which they referred to as xocōlātl.", "Theobroma cacao __knowledge__ Theobroma cacao, also called the cacao tree and the cocoa tree, is a small ( tall) evergreen tree in the family Malvaceae, native to the deep tropical regions of Central and South America.", "Theobroma cacao __knowledge__ Its seeds, cocoa beans, are used to make cocoa mass, cocoa powder, confectionery, ganache and chocolate.", "Theobroma cacao __knowledge__ Leaves are alternate, entire, unlobed, long and broad.", "Theobroma cacao __knowledge__ The flowers are produced in clusters directly on the trunk and older branches; this is known as cauliflory.", "Theobroma cacao __knowledge__ The flowers are small, diameter, with pink calyx.", "Theobroma cacao __knowledge__ The floral formula is ✶ K5 C5 A(5°+5²) (5).", "Theobroma cacao __knowledge__ While many of the world's flowers are pollinated by bees (Hymenoptera) or butterflies/moths (Lepidoptera), cacao flowers are pollinated by tiny flies, \"Forcipomyia\" midges in the subfamily Forcipomyiinae." ] ]

[ 2, 11, 15, 12 ]

[ "I grew up on a plantation that grew coffee, cotton and cocoa in Namibia.", "Its a republic location in Southern Africa and is rested on the Coastal boarders of the Atlantic Ocean.", "Yeah cocoa beans can be tried and fermented in order to extract delicious Cocoa butter.", "Well cocoa beans are what is used to create delicious chocolate, in Mesoamerican culture its called \"mole\" and despite the name is delicious." ]

[ "Plantation", "Plantation", "Plantation", "Plantation" ]

[ "Orphan\nHi, I grew up as an orphan before I was adopted.", "No worries, I enjoy my life now. Is it legal to adopt orphans in the U.S?", "The Orphan Train? What is that?", "That sounds like a good program. What else do you know about it?", "Thats incredible! Lots of children will have benefited from this." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Orphan __knowledge__ An orphan (from the \"\") is someone whose parents are dead, unknown, or have permanently abandoned him or her.", "Orphan __knowledge__ In common usage, only a child who has lost both parents due to death is called an orphan.", "Orphan __knowledge__ When referring to animals, only the mother's condition is usually relevant (i.e.", "Orphan __knowledge__ if the female parent has gone, the offspring is an orphan, regardless of the father's condition).", "Orphan __knowledge__ Various groups use different definitions to identify orphans.", "Orphan __knowledge__ One legal definition used in the United States is a minor bereft through \"death or disappearance of, abandonment or desertion by, or separation or loss from, both parents\".", "Orphan __knowledge__ In the common use, an orphan does not have any surviving parent to care for him or her.", "Orphan __knowledge__ However, the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), Joint United Nations Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS), and other groups label any child that has lost one parent as an orphan.", "Orphan __knowledge__ In this approach, a \"maternal orphan\" is a child whose mother has died, a \"paternal orphan\" is a child whose father has died, and a \"double orphan\" is a child who has lost both parents.", "Orphan __knowledge__ This contrasts with the older use of \"half-orphan\" to describe children that had lost only one parent.", "Orphan __knowledge__ Orphans are relatively rare in developed countries, because most children can expect both of their parents to survive their childhood.", "Orphan drug __knowledge__ An orphan drug is a pharmaceutical agent that has been developed specifically to treat a rare medical condition, the condition itself being referred to as an orphan disease.", "Orphan drug __knowledge__ The assignment of orphan status to a disease and to any drugs developed to treat it is a matter of public policy in many countries, and has resulted in medical breakthroughs that may not have otherwise been achieved due to the economics of drug research and development.", "Orphan drug __knowledge__ In the case of the rarest diseases that afflict fewer than 10,000 people, biotech companies who own the only approved drugs to treat those diseases \"can charge pretty much whatever they want\".", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ Hi-5 are an Australian children's musical group formed in 1998, who are associated with the children's television series of the same name.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ As of December 2016, the members are Lachie Dearing, Courtney Clarke, Shay Clifford, Joe Kalou and Bailey Spalding.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The group is aimed at preschoolers, composed of five performers who entertain and educate children through music, movement and play.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ \"Hi-5\" was created by Helena Harris and Posie Graeme-Evans, initially a television series for the Nine Network, which premiered in 1999.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The cast of the show became a recognised musical group for children.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The original members were Kellie Crawford, Kathleen de Leon Jones, Nathan Foley, Tim Harding and Charli Robinson.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of main characters in the \"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\" franchise.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ The Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles are a team of mutant red-eared sliders named after four Renaissance artists and living in the sewers of New York City, where they train by day and fight crime by night as ninjas.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Leonardo is the calm and courageous leader of the Ninja Turtles.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ He is the most devoted student to Master Splinter and the study of Ninjutsu.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Leo wears a blue mask and wields two ninjakens, also known as ninjatō.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Raphael is the tough, sarcastic bad boy of the Ninja Turtles.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Raph wears a red mask and wields a pair of sais.", "Orphan Train __knowledge__ The Orphan Train Movement was a supervised welfare program that transported orphaned and homeless children from crowded Eastern cities of the United States to foster homes located largely in rural areas of the Midwest.", "Orphan Train __knowledge__ The orphan trains operated between 1854 and 1929, relocating about 200,000 orphaned, abandoned, or homeless children.", "Orphan Train __knowledge__ Three charitable institutions, Children's Village (founded 1851 by 24 philanthropists), the Children's Aid Society (established 1853 by Charles Loring Brace) and later, the New York Foundling Hospital, endeavored to help these children.", "Orphan Train __knowledge__ The institutions were supported by wealthy donors and operated by professional staff.", "Little Orphan Annie __knowledge__ Little Orphan Annie is a daily American comic strip created by Harold Gray and syndicated by the Tribune Media Services.", "Little Orphan Annie __knowledge__ The strip took its name from the 1885 poem \"Little Orphant Annie\" by James Whitcomb Riley, and made its debut on August 5, 1924, in the New York \"Daily News\".", "Little Orphan Annie __knowledge__ The plot follows the wide-ranging adventures of Annie, her dog Sandy and her benefactor Oliver \"Daddy\" Warbucks.", "Little Orphan Annie __knowledge__ Secondary characters include Punjab, the Asp and Mr. Am.", "Little Orphan Annie __knowledge__ The strip attracted adult readers with political commentary that targeted (among other things) organized labor, the New Deal and communism.", "Little Orphan Annie __knowledge__ Following Gray's death in 1968, several artists drew the strip and, for a time, \"classic\" strips were reruns.", "International adoption of South Korean children __knowledge__ The international adoption of South Korean children was triggered by casualties of the Korean War after 1953.", "International adoption of South Korean children __knowledge__ The initiative was taken by religious organizations in the United States, Australia, and many Western European nations, and eventually developed into various apparatus that sustained adoption as a socially integrated system.", "International adoption of South Korean children __knowledge__ A 1988 article which was originally in The Progressive and reprinted in Pound Pup Legacy said that fewer than one percent of Korean adoptees adopted now are Amerasian, but most of the Korean adoptees for the decade after the Korean War were Amerasians who were fathered by American soldiers.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ The 2009–10 season is Sunderland's third consecutive season in the top division of English football, the Premier League.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Ricky Sbragia was replaced by Steve Bruce in the close season.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ His aim is to improve on the club's 16th position the previous season.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Darren Bent was the top scorer in the Premier League with 24 goals.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Andy Reid was the top scorer in the League Cup with two goals.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Fraizer Campbell was the top scorer in the FA Cup with two goals.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Darren Bent was the top scorer in all competitions with 25 goals.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ At the end of the season, Darren Bent won both the club's official Player of the Season and the SAFC Supporters' Association awards." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Orphan __knowledge__ An orphan (from the \"\") is someone whose parents are dead, unknown, or have permanently abandoned him or her.", "Orphan __knowledge__ In common usage, only a child who has lost both parents due to death is called an orphan.", "Orphan __knowledge__ When referring to animals, only the mother's condition is usually relevant (i.e.", "Orphan __knowledge__ if the female parent has gone, the offspring is an orphan, regardless of the father's condition).", "Orphan __knowledge__ Various groups use different definitions to identify orphans.", "Orphan __knowledge__ One legal definition used in the United States is a minor bereft through \"death or disappearance of, abandonment or desertion by, or separation or loss from, both parents\".", "Orphan __knowledge__ In the common use, an orphan does not have any surviving parent to care for him or her.", "Orphan __knowledge__ However, the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), Joint United Nations Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS), and other groups label any child that has lost one parent as an orphan.", "Orphan __knowledge__ In this approach, a \"maternal orphan\" is a child whose mother has died, a \"paternal orphan\" is a child whose father has died, and a \"double orphan\" is a child who has lost both parents.", "Orphan __knowledge__ This contrasts with the older use of \"half-orphan\" to describe children that had lost only one parent.", "Orphan __knowledge__ Orphans are relatively rare in developed countries, because most children can expect both of their parents to survive their childhood.", "International adoption of South Korean children __knowledge__ The international adoption of South Korean children was triggered by casualties of the Korean War after 1953.", "International adoption of South Korean children __knowledge__ The initiative was taken by religious organizations in the United States, Australia, and many Western European nations, and eventually developed into various apparatus that sustained adoption as a socially integrated system.", "International adoption of South Korean children __knowledge__ A 1988 article which was originally in The Progressive and reprinted in Pound Pup Legacy said that fewer than one percent of Korean adoptees adopted now are Amerasian, but most of the Korean adoptees for the decade after the Korean War were Amerasians who were fathered by American soldiers.", "Orphanage __knowledge__ An orphanage is a residential institution devoted to the care of orphans—children whose biological parents are deceased or otherwise unable or unwilling to take care of them.", "Orphanage __knowledge__ Biological parents, and sometimes biological grandparents, are legally responsible for supporting children, but in the absence of these, no named godparent, or other relatives willing to care for the children, they become a ward of the state, and orphanages are one way of providing for their care, housing and education.", "Orphanage __knowledge__ It is frequently used to describe institutions abroad, where it is a more accurate term, since the word orphan has a different definition in international adoption.", "Chiquititas __knowledge__ Chiquititas (literally translated as \"Little Girls\", known in English as Tiny Angels) is a children's musical Argentine telenovela, created and produced by Cris Morena.", "Chiquititas __knowledge__ It starred Morena's daughter Romina Yan, and Agustina Cherri.", "Chiquititas __knowledge__ The series focuses on a group of orphans living in a manor, known as Rincón de Luz.", "Chiquititas __knowledge__ Their lives are gradually touched and changed by Belén, a sweet-hearted, dedicated young woman.", "Chiquititas __knowledge__ The story explores their experiences and coming-of-age dramas such as discovering first love, deceptions, sadness, loneliness and friendship, as they form a family altogether.", "Chiquititas __knowledge__ In the fifth season, the show was rebooted with a new setting, new characters and a new story.", "List of Being Human (North American TV series) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters in the American remake version of the supernatural drama-comedy television series \"Being Human\" based on the British hit series of the same name.", "List of Being Human (North American TV series) characters __knowledge__ The series stars Sam Witwer, Sam Huntington, and Meaghan Rath as three twenty-something characters sharing a house in Boston, trying to live a normal social life, despite being a vampire, a werewolf, and a ghost respectively.", "List of Being Human (North American TV series) characters __knowledge__ Aidan Waite (Sam Witwer) is the American counterpart of Mitchell from the original British series, named after the actor who played Mitchell in the original series.", "List of Being Human (North American TV series) characters __knowledge__ He is a quiet, calm, soft-spoken, and somewhat jaded vampire who is 257 years old, having been sired by Bishop during the American Revolution.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "LGBT rights in Belarus __knowledge__ Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) persons in Belarus face legal challenges and abuse not experienced by non-LGBT residents.", "LGBT rights in Belarus __knowledge__ Both male and female same-sex sexual activity are legal in Belarus.", "LGBT rights in Belarus __knowledge__ Households headed by same-sex couples are not eligible for the same legal protections available to opposite-sex couples.", "LGBT rights in Belarus __knowledge__ Same-sex sexual activity was legalized in Belarus in 1994.", "LGBT rights in Belarus __knowledge__ However, lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) rights in Belarus are still severely limited and homosexuality remains highly taboo in Belarusian society.", "LGBT rights in Belarus __knowledge__ Many Belarusian people believe \"homosexuality is a psychiatric illness\" and many LGBT persons in Belarus tend to hide their sexual orientation.", "Belén Fraga __knowledge__ Belén Fraga is a fictional character from the Argentine telenovela \"Chiquititas\", also known as \"Tiny Angels\".", "Belén Fraga __knowledge__ The character was portrayed by Romina Yan from 1995 to 1998 on television and on stage, as well as in the \"Chiquititas\" .", "Belén Fraga __knowledge__ After her storyline ended in Season Four, she had some cameos in 2000 and 2001, during the series' seasons Six and Seven.", "Belén Fraga __knowledge__ In the short-lived Mexican series, Belén was portrayed by Ana Serradilla; she is played by actress Flávia Monteiro in the Brazilian successful adaptation of the serial, in which the character is named Carolina \"Carol\" Correia.", "Belén Fraga __knowledge__ Actress Manuela do Monte portrays Carol in the 2013 Brazilian version of the series.", "Income inequality in the United States __knowledge__ Income inequality in the United States has increased significantly since the 1970s after several decades of stability, meaning the share of the nation's income received by higher income households has increased.", "Income inequality in the United States __knowledge__ This trend is evident with income measured both before taxes (market income) as well as after taxes and transfer payments.", "Income inequality in the United States __knowledge__ Income inequality has fluctuated considerably since measurements began around 1915, moving in an arc between peaks in the 1920s and 2000s, with a 30-year period of relatively lower inequality between 1950–1980.", "Income inequality in the United States __knowledge__ Measured for all households, U.S. income inequality is comparable to other developed countries before taxes and transfers, but is among the highest after taxes and transfers, meaning the U.S. shifts relatively less income from higher income households to lower income households.", "Family Game Night (TV series) __knowledge__ Family Game Night is an American television game show based on Hasbro's family of board games and EA's video game franchise of the same name.", "Family Game Night (TV series) __knowledge__ The show is hosted by Todd Newton.", "Family Game Night (TV series) __knowledge__ Burton Richardson announced for the first two seasons, until he was replaced by Stacey J. Aswad for the third season, and then Andrew Kishino beginning in the fourth season.", "Family Game Night (TV series) __knowledge__ The 60-minute program debuted on October 10, 2010 on the new channel, The Hub, formerly Discovery Kids (later Discovery Family on October 13, 2014); it was previewed on October 9, 2010 on its sister channel, TLC.", "Family Game Night (TV series) __knowledge__ Seasons 1 through 3 each contained between 20 and 30 episodes.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Sweden ( ; ), officially the Kingdom of Sweden (Swedish: ), is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe.", "Sweden __knowledge__ It borders Norway to the west and north and Finland to the east, and is connected to Denmark in the southwest by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund.", "Sweden __knowledge__ At , Sweden is the third-largest country in the European Union by area.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Sweden has a total population of 10 million of which 2.3 million has a foreign background.", "Sweden __knowledge__ It has a low population density of ; the highest concentration is in the southern half of the country.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Approximately 85% of the population lives in urban areas.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Germanic peoples have inhabited Sweden since prehistoric times, emerging into history as the Geats (Swedish Götar) and Swedes (Svear) and constituting the sea peoples known as the Norsemen.", "Democratic peace theory __knowledge__ Democratic peace theory is a theory which posits that democracies are hesitant to engage in armed conflict with other identified democracies.", "Democratic peace theory __knowledge__ In contrast to theories explaining war engagement, it is a \"theory of peace\" outlining motives that dissuade state-sponsored violence.", "Democratic peace theory __knowledge__ Some theorists prefer terms such as \"mutual democratic pacifism\" or \"inter-democracy nonaggression hypothesis\" so as to clarify that a state of peace is not singular to democracies, but rather that it is easily sustained between democratic nations.", "Democratic peace theory __knowledge__ Among proponents of the democratic peace theory, several factors are held as motivating peace between democratic states: Those who dispute this theory often do so on grounds that it conflates correlation with causation, and that the academic definitions of 'democracy' and 'war' can be manipulated so as to manufacture an artificial trend." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Orphan __knowledge__ An orphan (from the \"\") is someone whose parents are dead, unknown, or have permanently abandoned him or her.", "Orphan __knowledge__ In common usage, only a child who has lost both parents due to death is called an orphan.", "Orphan __knowledge__ When referring to animals, only the mother's condition is usually relevant (i.e.", "Orphan __knowledge__ if the female parent has gone, the offspring is an orphan, regardless of the father's condition).", "Orphan __knowledge__ Various groups use different definitions to identify orphans.", "Orphan __knowledge__ One legal definition used in the United States is a minor bereft through \"death or disappearance of, abandonment or desertion by, or separation or loss from, both parents\".", "Orphan __knowledge__ In the common use, an orphan does not have any surviving parent to care for him or her.", "Orphan __knowledge__ However, the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), Joint United Nations Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS), and other groups label any child that has lost one parent as an orphan.", "Orphan __knowledge__ In this approach, a \"maternal orphan\" is a child whose mother has died, a \"paternal orphan\" is a child whose father has died, and a \"double orphan\" is a child who has lost both parents.", "Orphan __knowledge__ This contrasts with the older use of \"half-orphan\" to describe children that had lost only one parent.", "Orphan __knowledge__ Orphans are relatively rare in developed countries, because most children can expect both of their parents to survive their childhood.", "Orphan Train __knowledge__ The Orphan Train Movement was a supervised welfare program that transported orphaned and homeless children from crowded Eastern cities of the United States to foster homes located largely in rural areas of the Midwest.", "Orphan Train __knowledge__ The orphan trains operated between 1854 and 1929, relocating about 200,000 orphaned, abandoned, or homeless children.", "Orphan Train __knowledge__ Three charitable institutions, Children's Village (founded 1851 by 24 philanthropists), the Children's Aid Society (established 1853 by Charles Loring Brace) and later, the New York Foundling Hospital, endeavored to help these children.", "Orphan Train __knowledge__ The institutions were supported by wealthy donors and operated by professional staff.", "Children's Aid Society __knowledge__ Children's Aid, formerly the Children's Aid Society, is a private child welfare nonprofit in New York City, founded in 1853 as the Orphan Train originator, by Yale College graduate, Charles Loring Brace.", "Children's Aid Society __knowledge__ With an annual budget of over $100 million, 45 citywide sites, and over 1,200 full-time employees, Children's Aid is one of America's oldest and largest children's nonprofits.", "Children's Aid Society __knowledge__ Children's Aid helps tens of thousands of disadvantaged, New York City children succeed annually, by providing comprehensive services of adoption and foster care, after-school and weekend programs, arts, camps, early childhood education, events, family support, medical, mental health, and dental, juvenile justice, legal advocacy, special initiatives, sports and recreation, and youth development programs.", "Charles Loring Brace __knowledge__ Charles Loring Brace (June 19, 1826August 11, 1890) was an American philanthropist who contributed to the field of social reform.", "Charles Loring Brace __knowledge__ He is considered a father of the modern foster care movement and was most renowned for starting the Orphan Train movement of the mid-19th century, and for founding Children's Aid Society.", "Charles Loring Brace __knowledge__ Brace was born on June 19, 1826 in Litchfield, Connecticut.", "Charles Loring Brace __knowledge__ He was named after his uncle, the lawyer Charles Greeley Loring, defender of fugitive slave Thomas Sims, His mother died when he was 14, and he was raised by his father, a history teacher.", "Charles Loring Brace __knowledge__ He graduated from Yale College in 1846.", "Christina Baker Kline __knowledge__ Christina Baker Kline (born 1964) is an American novelist.", "Christina Baker Kline __knowledge__ She is the author of seven novels, including \"Orphan Train\", and has co-authored or edited five non-fiction books.", "Christina Baker Kline __knowledge__ Kline is a Geraldine R. Dodge Foundation Fellowship recipient.", "Christina Baker Kline __knowledge__ She was born in Cambridge, England, and raised in Cambridge, the American South, and in Maine.", "Christina Baker Kline __knowledge__ Kline is a graduate of Yale (BA in English), Cambridge University (MA in Literature), and the University of Virginia (MFA), where she was a Henry Hoyns Fellow in Fiction Writing.", "Christina Baker Kline __knowledge__ Kline served as Writer-in-Residence at Fordham University from 2007 to 2011, where she taught graduate and undergraduate creative writing and literature.", "Union Pacific Railroad Depot (Concordia, Kansas) __knowledge__ The Union Pacific Railroad Depot in Concordia, Kansas, is a historic railroad depot that is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.", "Union Pacific Railroad Depot (Concordia, Kansas) __knowledge__ The building is one of many built by the Union Pacific Railroad to assist with the company's growth across the United States.", "Union Pacific Railroad Depot (Concordia, Kansas) __knowledge__ The building is no longer used as a railroad depot.", "Union Pacific Railroad Depot (Concordia, Kansas) __knowledge__ It has been restored and now houses the National Orphan Train Complex.", "Union Pacific Railroad Depot (Concordia, Kansas) __knowledge__ The complex hosts a museum and research center dedicated to the preservation of the stories and artifacts of those who were part of the Orphan Train Movement from 1854 to 1929.", "Union Pacific Railroad Depot (Concordia, Kansas) __knowledge__ The museum is open for research and is visited by around 4,000 people each year, one third of who are descendants of orphan train riders.", "History of Louisiana __knowledge__ The history of the territory that is now Louisiana began roughly 10,000 years ago.", "History of Louisiana __knowledge__ The first traces of permanent settlement, ushering in the Archaic period, appear about 5,500 years ago (Mound Builders).", "History of Louisiana __knowledge__ The area formed part of the Eastern Agricultural Complex.", "History of Louisiana __knowledge__ The Marksville culture emerged about 2,000 years ago out of the earlier Tchefuncte culture.", "History of Louisiana __knowledge__ It is considered ancestral to the Natchez and Taensa peoples.", "History of Louisiana __knowledge__ About 1,000 years ago, the Mississippian culture emerged from the Woodland period.", "History of Louisiana __knowledge__ The emergence of the Southeastern Ceremonial Complex coincides with the adoption of maize agriculture and chiefdom-level complex social organization beginning in c. 1200 CE.", "Foster care __knowledge__ Foster care is a system in which a minor has been placed into a ward, group home, or private home of a state-certified caregiver, referred to as a \"foster parent\".", "Foster care __knowledge__ The placement of the child is normally arranged through the government or a social service agency.", "Foster care __knowledge__ The institution, group home or foster parent is compensated for expenses.", "Foster care __knowledge__ The State, via the family court and child protection services agency, stand \"in loco parentis\" to the minor, making all legal decisions while the foster parent is responsible for the day-to-day care of the minor.", "Foster care __knowledge__ The vast majority of children who would otherwise need foster care are in kinship care, that is, in the care of grandparents or other relatives.", "Adoption __knowledge__ Adoption is a process whereby a person assumes the parenting of another, usually a child, from that person's biological or legal parent or parents, and, in so doing, permanently transfers all rights and responsibilities, along with filiation, from the biological parent or parents.", "Adoption __knowledge__ Adoption can be done by a couple or an individual person but children have to be 14 years younger and the adoptive parents can not have been legally incapacitated.", "Adoption __knowledge__ Unlike guardianship or other systems designed for the care of the young, adoption is intended to effect a permanent change in status and as such requires societal recognition, either through legal or religious sanction.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "International adoption __knowledge__ International adoption (also referred to as intercountry adoption or transnational adoption) is a type of adoption in which an individual or couple becomes the legal and permanent parent(s) of a child who is a national of a different country.", "International adoption __knowledge__ In general, prospective adoptive parents must meet the legal adoption requirements of their country of residence and those of the country whose nationality the child holds.", "International adoption __knowledge__ International adoption is not the same thing as transcultural or interracial adoption.", "International adoption __knowledge__ However, the fact is that a family will often become a transcultural or interracial family upon the adoption of a child internationally.", "Adoption in the Philippines __knowledge__ \"This article on refers to Adoption within the Philippine context.", "Adoption in the Philippines __knowledge__ For the general term, see Adoption.\"", "Adoption in the Philippines __knowledge__ Adoption in the Philippines is a process of granting social, emotional and legal family and kinship membership to an individual from the Philippines, usually a child.", "Adoption in the Philippines __knowledge__ It involves a transfer of parental rights and obligations and provides family membership.", "Adoption in the Philippines __knowledge__ The Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) defines adoption as a \"socio-legal process of giving a permanent family to a child whose parents have voluntarily or involuntarily given up their parental rights.\"", "Adoption in the Philippines __knowledge__ Philippine Republic Act 8552, also known as the Domestic Adoption Act of 1998, recognizes that children should grow up with their biological parents; however, should the efforts of biological parents to raise their child be insufficient, other members of the extended family may take on the responsibility of parenthood for the child." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Orphan __knowledge__ An orphan (from the \"\") is someone whose parents are dead, unknown, or have permanently abandoned him or her.", "Orphan __knowledge__ In common usage, only a child who has lost both parents due to death is called an orphan.", "Orphan __knowledge__ When referring to animals, only the mother's condition is usually relevant (i.e.", "Orphan __knowledge__ if the female parent has gone, the offspring is an orphan, regardless of the father's condition).", "Orphan __knowledge__ Various groups use different definitions to identify orphans.", "Orphan __knowledge__ One legal definition used in the United States is a minor bereft through \"death or disappearance of, abandonment or desertion by, or separation or loss from, both parents\".", "Orphan __knowledge__ In the common use, an orphan does not have any surviving parent to care for him or her.", "Orphan __knowledge__ However, the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), Joint United Nations Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS), and other groups label any child that has lost one parent as an orphan.", "Orphan __knowledge__ In this approach, a \"maternal orphan\" is a child whose mother has died, a \"paternal orphan\" is a child whose father has died, and a \"double orphan\" is a child who has lost both parents.", "Orphan __knowledge__ This contrasts with the older use of \"half-orphan\" to describe children that had lost only one parent.", "Orphan __knowledge__ Orphans are relatively rare in developed countries, because most children can expect both of their parents to survive their childhood.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Pet Sounds is the eleventh studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released on May 16, 1966.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ It initially met with a lukewarm critical and commercial response in the United States, peaking at number 10 in the \"Billboard\" 200, a significantly lower placement than the band's preceding albums.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the album was hailed by its music press and was an immediate commercial success, peaking at number 2 in the UK Top 40 Albums Chart and remaining among the top ten positions for six months.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Originally promoted as \"the most progressive pop album ever\", \"Pet Sounds\" attracted recognition for its ambitious recording and unusually sophisticated music, and is widely considered to be one of the most influential albums in music history.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ Sounds Like Chicken was a band from Melbourne, Australia, which formed in 1999 and disbanded in 2007.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ They were one of Australia's most well-known ska bands and one of the most popular Christian bands in the country.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ They were signed to Boomtown Records.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ Sounds Like Chicken's musical style included a blend of Ska, Hardcore, Reggae & Rock.The band placed a high emphasis on touring and were known for their \"high energy\" live performances.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ Sounds Like Chicken shared stages and toured with such bands, including Reel Big Fish, Mad Caddies, Crowned King, Hilltop Hoods, Kisschasy, Area-7, Gyroscope, Bodyjar, 28 Days, Killing Heidi, The O.C.", "The DO School __knowledge__ The DO School is an international educational platform offering various educational and executive programs that focus on entrepreneurial, intrapreneurial, and innovation skills to both young entrepreneurs and established organizations.", "The DO School __knowledge__ A central tenet in all programs is the outcome-focused DO School Method, whose four phases endow learners with the resources to conceive, test, refine, and implement idea.", "The DO School __knowledge__ By combining a hands-on approach with blended-learning sessions, the institution aims to promote social impact and good business.", "The DO School __knowledge__ The organization’s own DO Lab is dedicated to designing new and experimental educational formats to run at the DO School or as part of their clients’ training programs.", "List of The X-Family characters __knowledge__ This is a character list of the Taiwanese television series \"The X-Family\", which was aired between August 8 and October 23, 2007.", "List of The X-Family characters __knowledge__ Full name: Xia Lan Xing De Xiong (夏蘭荇德‧雄).Blood status: Pure-blood.Age: 43 years old.Aura: Red.Position in the family: Mother of Xia Yu (夏宇), Xia Tian (夏天), and Xia Mei (夏美).Status: Alive.Fighting Points 11500+.Actress: Pauline Lan (藍心湄).", "List of The X-Family characters __knowledge__ Biography: As the sole bread winner in the family and owner of a truck company, she takes on the roles that traditionally belong to fathers and sons.", "List of The X-Family characters __knowledge__ Despite her tough exterior, she desires the closeness and comfort of a normal family life.", "Chinese numerology __knowledge__ In Chinese tradition, certain numbers are believed by some to be auspicious (吉利, ) or inauspicious (不利, ) based on the Chinese word that the number sounds similar to.", "Chinese numerology __knowledge__ The numbers 6, 8 and 9 are generally considered to be auspicious, while 4 and 7 are considered inauspicious.", "Chinese numerology __knowledge__ The number 0 (零, ) is the beginning of all things and is generally considered a good number.", "Chinese numerology __knowledge__ The number 1 (一, ) is neither auspicious nor inauspicious.", "Chinese numerology __knowledge__ It is a number given to winners to indicate the first place.", "Chinese numerology __knowledge__ But it can also symbolize loneliness or being single.", "Chinese numerology __knowledge__ For example: November 11th is the Singles' Day in China, as the date has four ‘1’ which stand for singles.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The Beach Boys are an American rock band formed in Hawthorne, California, in 1961.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The group's original lineup consisted of brothers Brian, Dennis, and Carl Wilson; their cousin Mike Love; and their friend Al Jardine.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ Distinguished by their vocal harmonies and early surf songs, they are one of the most influential acts of the rock era.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The band drew on the music of jazz-based vocal groups, 1950s rock and roll, and black R&B to create their unique sound, and with Brian as producer, composer, and de facto leader, they pioneered novel approaches to popular music form and production.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ He later arranged his compositions for studio orchestras and explored a variety of other styles, often incorporating classical or jazz elements and unconventional recording techniques in innovative ways.", "The Chemistry Set (British band) __knowledge__ The Chemistry Set are a cult London psychedelic band.", "The Chemistry Set (British band) __knowledge__ Composed of veterans of the late 1980s neo-psychedelic boom, the group received regular airplay on John Peel's show, were covered in the mainstream and underground music press and appeared on Tony Wilson's BBC2 television show, \"100%\".", "The Chemistry Set (British band) __knowledge__ The original line up consisted of Ashley Wood (rhythm guitar/vocals), Paul Lake (lead guitar/vocals), Henry Taprell (bass) and Dave McLean (drums/vocals) with Neil Pond (Harmonica and percussion) joining them both onstage and in the studio.", "The Chemistry Set (British band) __knowledge__ Wood and Lake had previously played in school bands for a number of years having met at secondary school in south east London.", "Orphan Train __knowledge__ The Orphan Train Movement was a supervised welfare program that transported orphaned and homeless children from crowded Eastern cities of the United States to foster homes located largely in rural areas of the Midwest.", "Orphan Train __knowledge__ The orphan trains operated between 1854 and 1929, relocating about 200,000 orphaned, abandoned, or homeless children.", "Orphan Train __knowledge__ Three charitable institutions, Children's Village (founded 1851 by 24 philanthropists), the Children's Aid Society (established 1853 by Charles Loring Brace) and later, the New York Foundling Hospital, endeavored to help these children.", "Orphan Train __knowledge__ The institutions were supported by wealthy donors and operated by professional staff.", "History of Philadelphia __knowledge__ The written history of Philadelphia begins on October 27, 1682, when the city was founded by William Penn in the English Crown Province of Pennsylvania between the Delaware and Schuylkill rivers.", "History of Philadelphia __knowledge__ In 1681, King Charles II gave Penn a large piece of his newly acquired American land holdings to repay a debt the king owed to Admiral Sir William Penn, Penn's father.", "History of Philadelphia __knowledge__ This land included present-day Pennsylvania and Delaware, though the claim as written would create a bloody conflict with Maryland (dubbed Cresap's War) over the land grant already owned by Lord Baltimore.", "History of Philadelphia __knowledge__ Penn put together a colonial expedition and fleet, which set out for America in the middle of the following summer.", "Orphans in the Soviet Union __knowledge__ At certain periods, there were large numbers of orphans in the Soviet Union to handle by the state, due to a number of turmoils in the history of the country, from its very beginnings.", "Orphans in the Soviet Union __knowledge__ Major contributors to the population of orphans and otherwise homeless children included World War I, the October Revolution followed by the brutal Russian Civil War, famines of 1921–1922 and of 1932–1933, political repression, forced migrations, and the Soviet-German War theatre of World War II.", "Orphans in the Soviet Union __knowledge__ By the early 1920s, millions of orphaned and abandoned children, collectively described in Russian as \"besprizornye\", \"besprizorniki\" (literally \"unattended\") crowded cities, towns, and villages across the new Soviet state.", "Orphanage __knowledge__ An orphanage is a residential institution devoted to the care of orphans—children whose biological parents are deceased or otherwise unable or unwilling to take care of them.", "Orphanage __knowledge__ Biological parents, and sometimes biological grandparents, are legally responsible for supporting children, but in the absence of these, no named godparent, or other relatives willing to care for the children, they become a ward of the state, and orphanages are one way of providing for their care, housing and education.", "Orphanage __knowledge__ It is frequently used to describe institutions abroad, where it is a more accurate term, since the word orphan has a different definition in international adoption.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas traditions vary from country to country.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas celebrations for many nations include the installing and lighting of Christmas trees, the hanging of Advent wreaths, Christmas stockings, candy canes, and the creation of Nativity scenes depicting the birth of Jesus Christ.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas carols may be sung and stories told about such figures as the Baby Jesus, St Nicholas, Santa Claus, Father Christmas, Christkind or Grandfather Frost.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ The sending and exchange of Christmas card greetings, observance of fasting and special religious observances such as a midnight Mass or Vespers on Christmas Eve, the burning of a Yule log, and the giving and receiving of presents.", "Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany __knowledge__ Catholic resistance to Nazism was a component of German resistance to Nazism and of Resistance during World War II.", "Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany __knowledge__ The role of the Church during the Nazi years was always, and remains however, a matter of much contention.", "Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany __knowledge__ Many writers, echoing Klaus Scholder, have concluded, \"There was no Catholic resistance in Germany, there were only Catholics who resisted.\"", "Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany __knowledge__ The Vatican policy meant that the Pope never challenged Catholics to side either with National Socialism or with Catholic morality, and Pius XII was so adamant that Bolshevism represented the most terrible threat to the world that he remarked, 'Germany are a great nation who, in their fight against Bolshevism, are bleeding not only for their friends but also for the sake of their present enemies'.", "2010 Haiti earthquake __knowledge__ The 2010 Haiti earthquake (; ) was a catastrophic magnitude 7.0 M earthquake, with an epicenter near the town of Léogâne (Ouest), approximately west of Port-au-Prince, Haiti's capital.", "2010 Haiti earthquake __knowledge__ The earthquake occurred at 16:53 local time (21:53 UTC) on Tuesday, 12 January 2010.", "2010 Haiti earthquake __knowledge__ By 24 January, at least 52 aftershocks measuring 4.5 or greater had been recorded.", "2010 Haiti earthquake __knowledge__ An estimated three million people were affected by the quake.", "2010 Haiti earthquake __knowledge__ Death toll estimates range from 100,000 to about 160,000 to Haitian government figures from 220,000 to 316,000; these have been widely characterized as deliberately inflated by the Haitian government." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Orphan __knowledge__ An orphan (from the \"\") is someone whose parents are dead, unknown, or have permanently abandoned him or her.", "Orphan __knowledge__ In common usage, only a child who has lost both parents due to death is called an orphan.", "Orphan __knowledge__ When referring to animals, only the mother's condition is usually relevant (i.e.", "Orphan __knowledge__ if the female parent has gone, the offspring is an orphan, regardless of the father's condition).", "Orphan __knowledge__ Various groups use different definitions to identify orphans.", "Orphan __knowledge__ One legal definition used in the United States is a minor bereft through \"death or disappearance of, abandonment or desertion by, or separation or loss from, both parents\".", "Orphan __knowledge__ In the common use, an orphan does not have any surviving parent to care for him or her.", "Orphan __knowledge__ However, the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), Joint United Nations Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS), and other groups label any child that has lost one parent as an orphan.", "Orphan __knowledge__ In this approach, a \"maternal orphan\" is a child whose mother has died, a \"paternal orphan\" is a child whose father has died, and a \"double orphan\" is a child who has lost both parents.", "Orphan __knowledge__ This contrasts with the older use of \"half-orphan\" to describe children that had lost only one parent.", "Orphan __knowledge__ Orphans are relatively rare in developed countries, because most children can expect both of their parents to survive their childhood.", "List of The Incredibles characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters from the 2004 Disney/Pixar animated film \"The Incredibles\", its upcoming 2018 sequel \"Incredibles 2\", and other related media.", "List of The Incredibles characters __knowledge__ Robert \"Bob\" Parr (a.k.a.", "List of The Incredibles characters __knowledge__ Mr.", "List of The Incredibles characters __knowledge__ Incredible) (voiced by Craig T. Nelson in the films, Richard McGonagle in \"Rise of the Underminer\"), possesses tremendous strength and durability.", "List of The Incredibles characters __knowledge__ He also has enhanced senses.", "List of The Incredibles characters __knowledge__ He is married to Helen Parr, the superheroine known as Elastigirl, and they have three children together: Violet, Dash, and Jack-Jack.", "List of The Incredibles characters __knowledge__ Sometime after his marriage, Mr.", "List of The Incredibles characters __knowledge__ Incredible was sued by Oliver Sansweet for thwarting his suicide and the passengers of the train he stopped from running off the tracks which was part of the events that led to the government silently initiating the Superhero Relocation Program.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha Lee is a fictional character in the BBC soap opera \"Doctors\", played by Laura Rollins.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha was introduced as a Practice Nurse at The Mill by Peter Eryl Lloyd.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ She made her first appearance on Tuesday 30 September 2014.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Since her arrival in the show Ayesha has faced storylines including an on off relationship with Sid Vere, having a troubled relationship with Tyler Green, dealing with her mother Bren's alcohol and later drug addiction, being attacked by Ike and supporting Valerie Pittman through her Cancer scare.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha first arrives at \"The Mill\" as a replacement for Mandy Marquez, she is almost immediately attracted to new doctor Sid Vere.", "The Runners __knowledge__ The Runners are an American electronic and hip hop production duo from Orlando, Florida, consisting of Andrew \"Dru Brett\" Harr and Jermaine \"Mayne Zayne\" Jackson.", "The Runners __knowledge__ They came together to form the team in 2000, but they have known each other since they were in kindergarten.", "The Runners __knowledge__ They both have been influenced their entire lives by producers Timbaland and The Neptunes.", "The Runners __knowledge__ Their trademark is an exhale sound effect ringing \"Ahhh\" at the beginning of their songs.", "The Runners __knowledge__ They are best known for producing the hit singles \"Go Hard\" and \"Hustlin'\", by rappers DJ Khaled and Rick Ross respectively.", "The Runners __knowledge__ They have produced songs for artists like Keyshia Cole Kevin Cossom Ace Hood, Chris Brown, Fat Joe, Juelz Santana, Nelly, Trip Lee, Jim Jones, Lil Wayne, Justin Bieber, Fabolous and Usher.", "The Incredible Melting Man __knowledge__ The Incredible Melting Man is a 1977 American science fiction horror film directed and written by William Sachs.", "The Incredible Melting Man __knowledge__ The plot concerns an astronaut whose body begins to melt after he is exposed to radiation during a space flight to Saturn, driving him to commit murders and consume human flesh to survive.", "The Incredible Melting Man __knowledge__ During post-production, the producers reshot scenes without Sachs' participation.", "The Incredible Melting Man __knowledge__ The film starred Alex Rebar as the main character, alongside Burr DeBenning as a scientist trying to help him and Myron Healey as a United States Air Force general seeking to capture him.", "The Incredible Melting Man __knowledge__ While writing and shooting, Sachs was influenced by \"The Night of the Living Dead.\"", "Ancient Celtic women __knowledge__ The position of ancient Celtic women in their society cannot be surely determined due to the quality of the sources.", "Ancient Celtic women __knowledge__ On the one hand, great female Celts are known from mythology and history, on the other hand, their real status in the male-dominated Celtic tribal society was socially and legally constrained.", "Ancient Celtic women __knowledge__ Yet Celtic women were somewhat better placed in inheritance and marriage law than their Greek and Roman contemporaries.", "Ancient Celtic women __knowledge__ The situation of Celtic women on the European mainland is almost entirely transmitted by contemporary Greek and Roman authors, who saw the Celts as barbarians and wrote about them accordingly.", "Woodside, Queens __knowledge__ Woodside is a residential and commercial neighborhood in the western portion of the borough of Queens in New York City.", "Woodside, Queens __knowledge__ It is bordered on the south by Maspeth, on the north by Astoria, on the west by Sunnyside, and on the east by Elmhurst and Jackson Heights.", "Woodside, Queens __knowledge__ Some areas are widely residential and very quiet, while other parts, especially the ones around Roosevelt Avenue, are busier.", "Woodside, Queens __knowledge__ The neighborhood is located in Queens Community Board 1 and Queens Community Board 2.", "Woodside, Queens __knowledge__ In the 19th century the area was part of the Town of Newtown (now Elmhurst).", "Woodside, Queens __knowledge__ The adjacent area of Winfield was largely incorporated into the post office serving Woodside and as a consequence Winfield lost much of its identity distinct from Woodside.", "The Incredible Machine (series) __knowledge__ The Incredible Machine is a series of video games that were originally designed and coded by Kevin Ryan and produced by Jeff Tunnell, the now-defunct Jeff Tunnell Productions, and published by Dynamix; the 1993 through 1995 versions had the same development team, but the later 2000–2001 titles had different designers.", "The Incredible Machine (series) __knowledge__ All versions were published by Sierra Entertainment.", "The Incredible Machine (series) __knowledge__ The entire series and intellectual property were acquired by Jeff Tunnell-founded PushButton Labs in October 2009.", "The Incredible Machine (series) __knowledge__ Pushbutton Labs was later acquired by Playdom, itself a division of Disney Interactive, so as of now the rights are held by The Walt Disney Company.", "Orphan Train __knowledge__ The Orphan Train Movement was a supervised welfare program that transported orphaned and homeless children from crowded Eastern cities of the United States to foster homes located largely in rural areas of the Midwest.", "Orphan Train __knowledge__ The orphan trains operated between 1854 and 1929, relocating about 200,000 orphaned, abandoned, or homeless children.", "Orphan Train __knowledge__ Three charitable institutions, Children's Village (founded 1851 by 24 philanthropists), the Children's Aid Society (established 1853 by Charles Loring Brace) and later, the New York Foundling Hospital, endeavored to help these children.", "Orphan Train __knowledge__ The institutions were supported by wealthy donors and operated by professional staff.", "Environmental racism in Europe __knowledge__ Environmental racism in Europe has been documented in relation to racialized immigrant and migrant populations alongside Romani (Roma/Gypsy), Yenish, Irish Traveller, and communities (such as the Sami, Komi, and Nenets) from within continental borders.", "Environmental racism in Europe __knowledge__ Environmental racism is the practice of environmental injustice within a racialized context, in which socially marginalized communities and minority groups are subjected to disproportionate exposure of environmental hazards, denial of access to sources of ecological sustenance such as clean air, water, and natural resources, or infringement of environmentally related human rights.", "Edwardsburgh/Cardinal __knowledge__ Edwardsburgh/Cardinal is a township in the United Counties of Leeds and Grenville of eastern Ontario, Canada.", "Edwardsburgh/Cardinal __knowledge__ Edwardsburgh township was first surveyed in 1783, and incorporated in 1850.", "Edwardsburgh/Cardinal __knowledge__ The township was formerly a part of the historical Grenville County before it merged with Leeds County to form the United Counties in the 19th century.", "Edwardsburgh/Cardinal __knowledge__ The Township of Edwardsburgh/Cardinal was formed on January 1, 2001, through the amalgamation of Edwardsburgh Township with the Village of Cardinal.", "Edwardsburgh/Cardinal __knowledge__ It is a historical community with many old homes and buildings; including one-room school houses, grist mills, and churches.", "History of the New York City Subway __knowledge__ The New York City Subway is a rapid transit system that serves four of the five boroughs of New York City, New York: the Bronx, Brooklyn, Manhattan, and Queens.", "History of the New York City Subway __knowledge__ Its operator is the New York City Transit Authority (NYCTA), which is controlled by the Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) of New York.", "History of the New York City Subway __knowledge__ In 2016, an average of 5.66 million passengers used the system daily, making it the busiest rapid transit system in the United States and the seventh busiest in the world.", "History of the New York City Subway __knowledge__ The first underground line opened on October 27, 1904, almost 35 years after the opening of the first elevated line in New York City, which became the IRT Ninth Avenue Line.", "History of the Staten Island Railway __knowledge__ The Staten Island Railway (SIR), the only rapid transit line in the New York City borough of Staten Island, is operated by the Staten Island Rapid Transit Operating Authority, a unit of the Metropolitan Transportation Authority.", "History of the Staten Island Railway __knowledge__ The railway is considered a standard railroad line, but only the western portion of the North Shore Branch, which is disconnected from the rest of the SIR, is used by freight and is connected to the national railway system.", "History of the Staten Island Railway __knowledge__ Railways on Staten Island began in 1836 and have been used for passenger and freight service.", "History of the Staten Island Railway __knowledge__ At the apex of rail service, passenger lines went to the southern, eastern, and northern shores of Staten Island; many of these lines were demolished in the mid-20th century.", "Cherokee–American wars __knowledge__ The Cherokee–American wars, also known as the Chickamauga Wars, were a series of back-and-forth raids, campaigns, ambushes, minor skirmishes, and several full-scale frontier battles in the Old Southwest from 1776 to 1795 between the Cherokee (\"Ani-Yunwiya\" or \"Nana Waiya\", \"Tsalagi\") and the Americans on the frontier.", "Cherokee–American wars __knowledge__ Most of the events took place in the Upper South.", "Cherokee–American wars __knowledge__ While their fight stretched across the entire period, there were times, sometimes ranging over several months, of little or no action.", "Cherokee–American wars __knowledge__ The Cherokee leader Dragging Canoe (who has been recorded to have been in early Mobile Alabama), whom some historians call \"the Savage Napoleon\", and his warriors and other Cherokee fought alongside and in conjunction with Indians from a number of other tribes both in the Old Southwest and in the Old Northwest, most often Muscogee (\"Muskokulke\") in the former and the Shawnee (\"Saawanwa\") in the latter.", "Ulm Hauptbahnhof __knowledge__ Ulm Hauptbahnhof is the main station in the city of Ulm, which lies on the Danube, on the border of the German states of Baden-Württemberg and Bavaria in the Danube-Iller region (\"Region Donau-Iller\").", "Ulm Hauptbahnhof __knowledge__ Ulm Hauptbahnhof has twelve platforms, of which five are terminating platforms, and forms a major railway junction.", "Ulm Hauptbahnhof __knowledge__ Other stations in the city are Ulm-Söflingen to the west and Ulm Ost (east) to the east and Ulm-Donautal (Danube valley) in the industrial area.", "Ulm Hauptbahnhof __knowledge__ The Ulm marshalling yard is located to the west of the city.", "Ulm Hauptbahnhof __knowledge__ Neu-Ulm (New Ulm), which lies across the Danube in Bavaria, has the stations of Neu-Ulm, Finningerstraße and Gerlenhofen." ] ]

[ 11, 16, 12, 46, 52 ]

[ "I'm so sorry to hear that. Orphans are relatively rare in the U.S. and other developed countries; most kids here can expect their parents to live until they are grown up. I'm sorry to hear this. ", "I'm not sure. I know if no other relatives step in to raise the child, then they become what we call a ward of the state. But surely there is a process for adoption. I just don't know what it is. Have you ever heard of The Orphan Train? ", "It was a program that transported orphans from crowded cities in the East of the US to new homes in rural towns. ", "The trains operated between 1854 and 1929, so it's long gone now. It relocated about 200,000 kids that needed new homes. ", "Yes, I only just learned about the orphan trains, so I am curious why they ended. They were run by three charities. " ]

[ "Orphan", "Orphan", "Orphan", "Orphan", "Orphan" ]

[ "Swimming", "It really is. I like to swim on hot summer days. It is so refreshing.", "I think it's very important for kids to learn how to swim as soon as possible. There are too many drownings every year!", "Yeah, I understand the evolutionary need for babies to be able to get out of water as soon as possible." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming is the self-propulsion of a person through fresh or salt water, usually for recreation, sport, exercise, or survival.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Locomotion is achieved through coordinated movement of the limbs, the body, or both.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Humans can hold their breath underwater and undertake rudimentary locomotive swimming within weeks of birth, as an evolutionary response.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming is consistently among top public recreational activities, and in some countries, swimming lessons are a compulsory part of the educational curriculum.", "Swimming __knowledge__ As a formalized sport, swimming features in a range of local, national, and international competitions, including every modern summer Olympics.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming relies on the natural buoyancy of the human body.", "Swimming __knowledge__ On average, the body has a relative density of 0.98 compared to water, which causes the body to float.", "Swimming __knowledge__ However, buoyancy varies on the basis of both body composition and the salinity of the water.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Higher levels of body fat and saltier water both lower the relative density of the body and increase its buoyancy.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Since the human body is only slightly less dense than water, water supports the weight of the body during swimming.", "Swimming __knowledge__ As a result, swimming is “low-impact” compared to land activities such as running." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming is the self-propulsion of a person through fresh or salt water, usually for recreation, sport, exercise, or survival.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Locomotion is achieved through coordinated movement of the limbs, the body, or both.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Humans can hold their breath underwater and undertake rudimentary locomotive swimming within weeks of birth, as an evolutionary response.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming is consistently among top public recreational activities, and in some countries, swimming lessons are a compulsory part of the educational curriculum.", "Swimming __knowledge__ As a formalized sport, swimming features in a range of local, national, and international competitions, including every modern summer Olympics.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming relies on the natural buoyancy of the human body.", "Swimming __knowledge__ On average, the body has a relative density of 0.98 compared to water, which causes the body to float.", "Swimming __knowledge__ However, buoyancy varies on the basis of both body composition and the salinity of the water.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Higher levels of body fat and saltier water both lower the relative density of the body and increase its buoyancy.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Since the human body is only slightly less dense than water, water supports the weight of the body during swimming.", "Swimming __knowledge__ As a result, swimming is “low-impact” compared to land activities such as running.", "Summer Days __knowledge__ 0verflow announced work on \"Summer Days\" in October 2005 and marketed it through a promotional campaign consisting of public screenings, sale of merchandise, and a celebratory event on the day of release.", "Summer Days __knowledge__ In spite of the game's positive performance during this time however, \"Summer Days\" was almost universally panned for its heavily bugged state that prompted a disorganized release of large, frustrating patches and an eventual recall.", "Summer Days __knowledge__ On August 26, 2011, 0verflow announced that the sale of \"Summer Days\" was being discontinued and that work on , a modern remake, was underway.", "Summer Days __knowledge__ The remake was released on April 27, 2012.", "Long Hot Summer (Girls Aloud song) __knowledge__ \"Long Hot Summer\" is a song by British all-female pop group Girls Aloud, taken from their third studio album \"Chemistry\" (2005).", "Long Hot Summer (Girls Aloud song) __knowledge__ The song was written by Miranda Cooper, Brian Higgins and his production team Xenomania, and produced by Higgins and Xenomania.", "Long Hot Summer (Girls Aloud song) __knowledge__ \"Long Hot Summer\" was written for inclusion in the Disney film \"\" (2005), but plans fell through.", "Long Hot Summer (Girls Aloud song) __knowledge__ Higgins later described the track as \"a disaster record.\"", "Long Hot Summer (Girls Aloud song) __knowledge__ Released in August 2005, it became Girls Aloud's first single to miss the top five on the UK Singles Chart.", "Long Hot Summer (Girls Aloud song) __knowledge__ The music video drew inspiration from the possibility of inclusion on the \"Herbie\" soundtrack, taking place at a garage where Girls Aloud work as auto mechanics.", "Passive solar building design __knowledge__ In passive solar building design, windows, walls, and floors are made to collect, store, and distribute solar energy in the form of heat in the winter and reject solar heat in the summer.", "Passive solar building design __knowledge__ This is called passive solar design because, unlike active solar heating systems, it does not involve the use of mechanical and electrical devices.", "Passive solar building design __knowledge__ The key to design a passive solar building is to best take advantage of the local climate performing an accurate site analysis.", "Passive solar building design __knowledge__ Elements to be considered include window placement and size, and glazing type, thermal insulation, thermal mass, and shading.", "Passive solar building design __knowledge__ Passive solar design techniques can be applied most easily to new buildings, but existing buildings can be adapted or \"retrofitted\".", "Summer Days (And Summer Nights!!) __knowledge__ Summer Days (And Summer Nights!!)", "Summer Days (And Summer Nights!!) __knowledge__ is the ninth studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released on July 5, 1965, on Capitol.", "Summer Days (And Summer Nights!!) __knowledge__ The band's previous album, \"The Beach Boys Today!\"", "Summer Days (And Summer Nights!!) __knowledge__ (March 1965), represented a departure for the group through its abandonment of themes related to surfing, cars, and teenage love, but it sold below Capitol's expectations.", "Summer Days (And Summer Nights!!) __knowledge__ In response, the label pressured the group to produce bigger hits.", "Summer Days (And Summer Nights!!) __knowledge__ \"Summer Days\" thus returned the band's music to simpler themes for one last album, with Brian combining Capitol’s commercial demands with his artistic calling.", "Summer Days (And Summer Nights!!) __knowledge__ Produced by Brian Wilson, \"Summer Days\" reached number two on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 and number four on the UK Albums Chart.", "Hot Summer (song) __knowledge__ \"Hot Summer\" is a song by German pop group Monrose from their second studio album, \"Strictly Physical\" (2007).", "Hot Summer (song) __knowledge__ A dance-pop song with heavy elements of Europop and house, it written and co-produced by Danish songwriters Remee and Thomas Troelsen.", "Hot Summer (song) __knowledge__ Released as the band's third single and the album's leading single on 29 June 2007 (see 2007 in music) in German-speaking Europe, \"Hot Summer\" became the band's second non-consecutive number-one hit in a stretch of seven month, reaching the top of the charts in Austria, Germany, and Switzerland.", "Hot Summer (song) __knowledge__ It eventually emerged as one of the biggest-selling songs of the year on German online music stores, and moreover, garnered the group success in Finland, the Netherlands and Slovenia, where it served as the band's musical debut.", "Adult Swim __knowledge__ Adult Swim (stylized as [adult swim]) is the adult-oriented nighttime programming block of the American children's cable network Cartoon Network, operating daily 8 p.m.–6 a.m. Eastern and Pacific Time.", "Adult Swim __knowledge__ It is programmed by Williams Street Productions, a subsidiary of Turner, which also developed two other programming blocks for Cartoon Network: Toonami (which later became a block on Adult Swim in 2012) and Miguzi.", "Adult Swim __knowledge__ The block gets its name from a phrase used by public swimming pools in the United States to label designated times when children are restricted from using the facilities in favor of adults.", "Geography of Bermuda __knowledge__ This article describes the geography of Bermuda.", "Geography of Bermuda __knowledge__ Bermuda (officially, The Bermuda Islands or The Somers Isles) is a overseas territory of the United Kingdom in the North Atlantic Ocean.", "Geography of Bermuda __knowledge__ Located off the east coast of the United States, it is situated around northeast of Miami, Florida and south of Halifax, Nova Scotia, west of Spain, northwest of Brazil, north of Cuba.", "Geography of Bermuda __knowledge__ The nearest landmass is Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, about west-northwest (see Geography section below).", "Geography of Bermuda __knowledge__ It is nearly antipodal to Perth, Western Australia.", "Geography of Bermuda __knowledge__ Although commonly referred to in the singular (i.e., \"The Island\", \"The Rock\", and \"Bermuda\"), the territory consists of approximately 138 islands, with a total area of .", "Aquatic locomotion __knowledge__ Aquatic locomotion is biologically propelled motion through a liquid medium.", "Aquatic locomotion __knowledge__ The simplest propulsive systems are composed of cilia and flagella.", "Aquatic locomotion __knowledge__ Swimming has evolved a number of times in a range of organisms including arthropods, fish, molluscs, reptiles, birds, and mammals.", "Aquatic locomotion __knowledge__ Swimming evolved a number of times in unrelated lineages.", "Aquatic locomotion __knowledge__ Supposed jellyfish fossils occur in the Ediacaran, but the first free-swimming animals appear in the Early to Middle Cambrian.", "Aquatic locomotion __knowledge__ These are mostly related to the arthropods, and include the Anomalocaridids, which swam by means of lateral lobes in a fashion reminiscent of today's cuttlefish.", "Self-compassion __knowledge__ Self-compassion is extending compassion to one's self in instances of perceived inadequacy, failure, or general suffering.", "Self-compassion __knowledge__ Kristin Neff has defined self-compassion as being composed of three main components – self-kindness, common humanity, and mindfulness.", "Self-compassion __knowledge__ Self-compassion has been considered to resemble Carl Rogers' notion of \"unconditional positive regard\" applied both towards clients and oneself; Albert Ellis' \"unconditional self-acceptance\"; Maryhelen Snyder's notion of an \"internal empathizer\" that explored one's own experience with \"curiosity and compassion\"; Ann Weiser Cornell's notion of a gentle, allowing relationship with all parts of one's being; and Judith Jordan's concept of \"self-empathy\", which implies acceptance, care and empathy towards the self.", "Swimming machine __knowledge__ A swimming machine is a resistance swimming apparatus, often self-contained, enabling the swimmer to swim in place.", "Swimming machine __knowledge__ This may be accomplished either by accelerating the water past the swimmer or by supporting the swimmer, either in water or on dry land.", "Swimming machine __knowledge__ The first type, known as a \"countercurrent swimming machine,\" usually consists of a water tank at least twice as long and about one and a half times as wide as an average person with the limbs extended.", "Swimming machine __knowledge__ The swimmer swims unrestrained against an adjustable stream of water set in motion by means of mechanical devices, such as jets, propellers or paddle wheels.", "Running __knowledge__ Running is a method of terrestrial locomotion allowing humans and other animals to move rapidly on foot.", "Running __knowledge__ Running is a type of gait characterized by an aerial phase in which all feet are above the ground (though there are exceptions).", "Running __knowledge__ This is in contrast to walking, where one foot is always in contact with the ground, the legs are kept mostly straight and the center of gravity vaults over the stance leg or legs in an inverted pendulum fashion.", "Running __knowledge__ A characteristic feature of a running body from the viewpoint of spring-mass mechanics is that changes in kinetic and potential energy within a stride occur simultaneously, with energy storage accomplished by springy tendons and passive muscle elasticity.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Scuba diving is a form of underwater diving where the diver uses a self-contained underwater breathing apparatus (scuba) which is completely independent of surface supply, to breathe underwater.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Scuba divers carry their own source of breathing gas, usually compressed air, allowing them greater independence and freedom of movement than surface-supplied divers, and longer underwater endurance than breath-hold divers.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Open circuit scuba systems discharge the breathing gas into the environment as it is exhaled, and consist of one or more diving cylinders containing breathing gas at high pressure which is supplied to the diver through a regulator.", "Existentialism __knowledge__ Existentialism () is a tradition of philosophical enquiry associated mainly with certain 19th and 20th-century European philosophers who, despite profound doctrinal differences, shared the belief that philosophical thinking begins with the human subject—not merely the thinking subject, but the acting, feeling, living human individual.", "Existentialism __knowledge__ While the predominant value of existentialist thought is commonly acknowledged to be freedom, its primary virtue is authenticity.", "Existentialism __knowledge__ In the view of the existentialist, the individual's starting point is characterized by what has been called \"the existential attitude\", or a sense of disorientation, confusion, or dread in the face of an apparently meaningless or absurd world." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming is the self-propulsion of a person through fresh or salt water, usually for recreation, sport, exercise, or survival.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Locomotion is achieved through coordinated movement of the limbs, the body, or both.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Humans can hold their breath underwater and undertake rudimentary locomotive swimming within weeks of birth, as an evolutionary response.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming is consistently among top public recreational activities, and in some countries, swimming lessons are a compulsory part of the educational curriculum.", "Swimming __knowledge__ As a formalized sport, swimming features in a range of local, national, and international competitions, including every modern summer Olympics.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming relies on the natural buoyancy of the human body.", "Swimming __knowledge__ On average, the body has a relative density of 0.98 compared to water, which causes the body to float.", "Swimming __knowledge__ However, buoyancy varies on the basis of both body composition and the salinity of the water.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Higher levels of body fat and saltier water both lower the relative density of the body and increase its buoyancy.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Since the human body is only slightly less dense than water, water supports the weight of the body during swimming.", "Swimming __knowledge__ As a result, swimming is “low-impact” compared to land activities such as running.", "Freediving blackout __knowledge__ Freediving blackout, breath-hold blackout or apnea blackout is a class of hypoxic blackout, a loss of consciousness caused by cerebral hypoxia towards the end of a breath-hold (freedive or dynamic apnea) dive, when the swimmer does not necessarily experience an urgent need to breathe and has no other obvious medical condition that might have caused it.", "Freediving blackout __knowledge__ It can be provoked by hyperventilating just before a dive, or as a consequence of the pressure reduction on ascent, or a combination of these.", "Freediving blackout __knowledge__ Victims are often established practitioners of breath-hold diving, are fit, strong swimmers and have not experienced problems before.", "Drowning __knowledge__ Drowning is defined as respiratory impairment from being in or under a liquid.", "Drowning __knowledge__ It is further classified by outcome into: death, ongoing health problems, and no ongoing health problems.", "Drowning __knowledge__ Drowning itself is quick and silent, although it may be preceded by distress which is more visible.", "Drowning __knowledge__ Generally, in the early stages of drowning, very little water enters the lungs: a small amount of water entering the trachea causes a muscular spasm that seals the airway and prevents the passage of both air and water until unconsciousness occurs.", "Drowning __knowledge__ This means a person drowning is unable to shout or call for help, or seek attention, as they cannot obtain enough air.", "Drownings at Nantes __knowledge__ The Drownings at Nantes () were a series of mass executions by drowning during the Reign of Terror in Nantes, France, that occurred between November 1793 and February 1794.", "Drownings at Nantes __knowledge__ During this period, anyone arrested and jailed for not consistently supporting the Revolution, or suspected of being a royalist sympathizer, especially Catholic priests and nuns, was cast into the Loire and drowned on the orders of Jean-Baptiste Carrier, the representative-on-mission in Nantes.", "Drownings at Nantes __knowledge__ Before the murders ceased, as many as four thousand or more people, including innocent families with women and children, died in what Carrier himself called \"the national bathtub\".", "Boating __knowledge__ Boating is the leisurely activity of travelling by boat, or the recreational use of a boat whether powerboats, sailboats, or man-powered vessels (such as rowing and paddle boats), focused on the travel itself, as well as sports activities, such as fishing or waterskiing.", "Boating __knowledge__ It is a popular activity, and there are millions of boaters worldwide.", "Boating __knowledge__ Recreational boats (sometimes called pleasure craft, especially for less sporting activities) fall into several broad categories, and additional subcategories.", "Boating __knowledge__ Broad categories include dinghies (generally under powered by sail, small engines, or muscle power), paddlesports boats (kayaks, rowing shells, canoes), runabouts ( powerboats with either outboard, sterndrive, or inboard engines), daysailers ( sailboats, frequently with a small auxiliary engine), cruisers ( powerboats with cabins), and cruising and racing sailboats ( sailboats with auxiliary engines).", "Adult Swim __knowledge__ Adult Swim (stylized as [adult swim]) is the adult-oriented nighttime programming block of the American children's cable network Cartoon Network, operating daily 8 p.m.–6 a.m. Eastern and Pacific Time.", "Adult Swim __knowledge__ It is programmed by Williams Street Productions, a subsidiary of Turner, which also developed two other programming blocks for Cartoon Network: Toonami (which later became a block on Adult Swim in 2012) and Miguzi.", "Adult Swim __knowledge__ The block gets its name from a phrase used by public swimming pools in the United States to label designated times when children are restricted from using the facilities in favor of adults.", "Swimming lessons __knowledge__ Swimming lessons is the process of learning to swim.", "Swimming lessons __knowledge__ In most countries there is a definition of a number of swimming levels that is reached in the process of the curriculum.", "Swimming lessons __knowledge__ The respective certificates of swimming tests are required for further training in aquatic abilities.", "Swimming lessons __knowledge__ Many countries have defined a minimum swimming level that children should reach by the end of primary education, in most cases with the help of school swimming classes being part of the normal curriculum.", "Swimming lessons __knowledge__ Children are often given swimming lessons, which serve to develop swimming technique and confidence.", "Swimming lessons __knowledge__ Children were traditionally viewed not to be able to swim independently until 4 years of age, but infant swimming lessons are now recommended to prevent drowning.", "Trinity Chain Pier __knowledge__ Trinity Chain Pier, originally called Trinity Pier of Suspension, was built in Trinity, Edinburgh, Scotland in 1821.", "Trinity Chain Pier __knowledge__ The pier was designed by Samuel Brown, a pioneer of chains and suspension bridges.", "Trinity Chain Pier __knowledge__ It was intended to serve ferry traffic on the routes between Edinburgh and the smaller ports around the Firth of Forth, and was built during a time of rapid technological advance.", "Trinity Chain Pier __knowledge__ It was well used for its original purpose for less than twenty years before traffic was attracted to newly developed nearby ports, and it was mainly used for most of its life for sea bathing.", "Trinity Chain Pier __knowledge__ It was destroyed by a storm in 1898; a building at the shore end survives, much reconstructed, as a pub and restaurant called the Old Chain Pier.", "SwimAbility Canada __knowledge__ SwimAbility Canada (previously known as Making Waves Canada from 2009-2016) is a Canadian not-for-profit organization that improves the lives of children with disabilities through private, low-cost and adapted swimming/water safety instruction.", "SwimAbility Canada __knowledge__ It is the largest student-run not-for-profit organization in Canada.", "SwimAbility Canada __knowledge__ The organization's mandate is to provide services to children left behind by typical swimming lesson organizations.", "SwimAbility Canada __knowledge__ Programming is provided via SwimAbility chapter intermediaries which have their own management committees.", "SwimAbility Canada __knowledge__ Since 2009, the organization has established itself in cities across the country and now offers over 9000 lessons per year.", "Infant swimming __knowledge__ Infant swimming is the phenomenon of human babies and toddlers reflexively moving themselves through water and changing their rate of respiration and heart rate in response to being submerged.", "Infant swimming __knowledge__ The slowing of heart rate and breathing is called the bradycardic response.", "Infant swimming __knowledge__ It is not true that babies are born with the ability to swim, though they have reflexes that make it look like they are.", "Infant swimming __knowledge__ Babies aren't old enough to hold their breath intentionally or strong enough to keep their head above water.", "Infant swimming __knowledge__ Most infants, though not all, will reflexively hold their breath when submerged to protect their airway and are able to survive immersion in water for short periods of time.", "District of Columbia Department of Parks and Recreation __knowledge__ The District of Columbia Department of Parks and Recreation (DPR) is an executive branch agency of the government of the District of Columbia in the United States.", "District of Columbia Department of Parks and Recreation __knowledge__ The department plans, builds, and maintains publicly owned recreational facilities in Washington, D.C., including athletic fields, community centers, parks, playgrounds, swimming pools, spray pools and tennis courts.", "District of Columbia Department of Parks and Recreation __knowledge__ It also manages publicly run recreational sports leagues for youth and adults as well as provides various outdoor activities (such as boating and camping) for youth, adults, and senior citizens.", "District of Columbia Department of Parks and Recreation __knowledge__ DPR has principal authority over the construction and maintenance of city-owned (but not federally owned) parks, and over nearly all public recreation facilities in Washington, D.C.", "Kent, Ohio __knowledge__ Kent is a city in the U.S. state of Ohio and the largest city in Portage County.", "Kent, Ohio __knowledge__ It is located along the Cuyahoga River in Northeast Ohio on the western edge of the county.", "Kent, Ohio __knowledge__ The population was 28,904 in the 2010 Census and was estimated at 30,071 in 2016.", "Kent, Ohio __knowledge__ The city is counted as part of the Akron Metropolitan Statistical Area and the larger Cleveland–Akron–Canton Combined Statistical Area.", "Kent, Ohio __knowledge__ Part of the Connecticut Western Reserve, Kent was settled in 1805 and was known for many years as Franklin Mills.", "Kent, Ohio __knowledge__ Settlers were attracted to the area due to its location along the Cuyahoga River as a place for water-powered mills.", "Westfield State University __knowledge__ Westfield State University (also known as Westfield State and formerly known as Westfield Normal School, Westfield State Teachers College, and Westfield College) is a comprehensive, coeducational, four-year public university in Westfield, Massachusetts.", "Westfield State University __knowledge__ It was founded in 1838 by noted educator and social reformer Horace Mann as the first public co-educational college in America without barrier to race, gender, or economic class.", "Westfield State University __knowledge__ Westfield State is located from Hartford, and from Boston, both of which have international airports.", "Westfield State University __knowledge__ The nearest bus and train station is in Springfield, 12 miles away." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming is the self-propulsion of a person through fresh or salt water, usually for recreation, sport, exercise, or survival.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Locomotion is achieved through coordinated movement of the limbs, the body, or both.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Humans can hold their breath underwater and undertake rudimentary locomotive swimming within weeks of birth, as an evolutionary response.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming is consistently among top public recreational activities, and in some countries, swimming lessons are a compulsory part of the educational curriculum.", "Swimming __knowledge__ As a formalized sport, swimming features in a range of local, national, and international competitions, including every modern summer Olympics.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming relies on the natural buoyancy of the human body.", "Swimming __knowledge__ On average, the body has a relative density of 0.98 compared to water, which causes the body to float.", "Swimming __knowledge__ However, buoyancy varies on the basis of both body composition and the salinity of the water.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Higher levels of body fat and saltier water both lower the relative density of the body and increase its buoyancy.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Since the human body is only slightly less dense than water, water supports the weight of the body during swimming.", "Swimming __knowledge__ As a result, swimming is “low-impact” compared to land activities such as running.", "Evolutionary psychology __knowledge__ Evolutionary psychology is a theoretical approach in the social and natural sciences that examines psychological structure from a modern evolutionary perspective.", "Evolutionary psychology __knowledge__ It seeks to identify which human psychological traits are evolved adaptations – that is, the functional products of natural selection or sexual selection in human evolution.", "Evolutionary psychology __knowledge__ Adaptationist thinking about physiological mechanisms, such as the heart, lungs, and immune system, is common in evolutionary biology.", "Evolutionary psychology __knowledge__ Some evolutionary psychologists apply the same thinking to psychology, arguing that the modularity of mind is similar to that of the body and with different modular adaptations serving different functions.", "Language development __knowledge__ Language development is a process starting early in human life.", "Language development __knowledge__ Infants start without knowing a language, yet by 10 months, babies can distinguish speech sounds and engage in babbling.", "Language development __knowledge__ Some research has shown that the earliest learning begins in utero when the fetus starts to recognize the sounds and speech patterns of its mother's voice and differentiate them from other sounds after birth.", "Language development __knowledge__ Usually, productive language is considered to begin with a stage of preverbal communication in which infants use gestures and vocalizations to make their intents known to others.", "Language development __knowledge__ According to a general principle of development, new forms then take over old functions, so that children learn words to express the same communicative functions they had already expressed by proverbial means.", "Developmental psychology __knowledge__ Developmental psychology is the scientific study of how and why human beings change over the course of their life.", "Developmental psychology __knowledge__ Originally concerned with infants and children, the field has expanded to include adolescence, adult development, aging, and the entire lifespan.", "Developmental psychology __knowledge__ Developmental psychologists aim to explain how thinking, feeling and behaviour change throughout life.", "Developmental psychology __knowledge__ This field examines change across three major dimensions: physical development, cognitive development, and socioemotional development.", "Developmental psychology __knowledge__ Within these three dimensions are a broad range of topics including motor skills, executive functions, moral understanding, language acquisition, social change, personality, emotional development, self-concept and identity formation.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Origin of language __knowledge__ The first language in the human species has been the topic of scholarly discussions for several centuries.", "Origin of language __knowledge__ There is no consensus on the origin or age of human language.", "Origin of language __knowledge__ The topic is difficult to study because of the lack of direct evidence.", "Origin of language __knowledge__ Consequently, scholars wishing to study the origins of language must draw inferences from other kinds of evidence such as the fossil record, archaeological evidence, contemporary language diversity, studies of language acquisition, and comparisons between human language and systems of communication existing among animals (particularly other primates).", "Origin of language __knowledge__ Many argue that the origins of language probably relate closely to the origins of modern human behavior, but there is little agreement about the implications and directionality of this connection.", "Evolutionary history of plants __knowledge__ The evolution of plants has resulted in widely varying levels of complexity, from the earliest algal mats, through bryophytes, lycopods, and ferns, to the complex gymnosperms and angiosperms of today.", "Evolutionary history of plants __knowledge__ While many of the groups which appeared earlier continue to thrive, as exemplified by algal dominance in marine environments, more recently derived groups have also displaced previously ecologically dominant ones, e.g.", "Evolutionary history of plants __knowledge__ the ascendance of flowering plants over gymnosperms in terrestrial environments.", "Evolutionary history of plants __knowledge__ Evidence for the appearance of the first land plants occurs in the Ordovician, around , in the form of fossil spores.", "Origin of speech __knowledge__ The origin of speech refers to the more general problem of the origin of language in the context of the physiological development of the human speech organs such as the tongue, lips and vocal organs used to produce phonological units in all human languages.", "Origin of speech __knowledge__ Although related to the more general problem of the origin of language, the evolution of distinctively human speech capacities has become a distinct and in many ways separate area of scientific research.", "Origin of speech __knowledge__ The topic is a separate one because language is not necessarily spoken: it can equally be written or signed.", "Origin of speech __knowledge__ Speech is in this sense optional, although it is the default modality for language.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ The fictional Marvel Comics superhero Spider-Man, who debuted in 1962, is well known for his unique superhuman abilities as depicted in the comics and other media.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ He receives most of his powers when he is bitten by a radioactive common house spider.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ He uses his technical skill to develop equipment and weapons to complement his powers, and wears a number of costumes, many of which have special properties.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ When Peter Parker was bitten by an irradiated spider, radioactive mutagenic enzymes in the spider's venom quickly caused numerous body-wide changes.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ Immediately after the bite, he was granted his original powers: primarily superhuman strength, reflexes, and balance; the ability to cling tenaciously to most surfaces; and a subconscious ability to sense everything in his surroundings, which he called a \"spider-sense\".", "List of Static Shock characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters who appear in the series Static Shock.", "List of Static Shock characters __knowledge__ Virgil Ovid Hawkins/Static (Phil LaMarr) He is an African-American 9th grade high school student in Dakota City.", "List of Static Shock characters __knowledge__ As a result of accidental exposure to an experimental mutagen in an event known as the Big Bang, he gained the ability to control and manipulate electromagnetism, and uses these powers to become a superhero named \"Static.\"", "List of Static Shock characters __knowledge__ Countless others who were also exposed gained a wide variety of mutations and abilities, and Static spends much of his time dealing with these \"Bang Babies\", many of whom use their abilities in selfish, harmful, and even criminal ways.Virgil is named after the first African-American to go to law school (who was himself named for the Roman poets Virgil and Ovid).", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ This is a list of aliens on Cartoon Network's \"Ben 10 franchise\".", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ Voiced by: Heatblast is a Pyronite from the star Pyros.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ He appears as a magma-based lifeform whose body is composed of a bright inner magma body covered by a reddish-brown charcoal-like crust.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ Heatblast is essentially \"living magma\", thus everything he touches either melts or catches fire.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ In the original series, he is the tenth alien in the Omnitrix.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ Heatblast is Ben's first transformation, accidentally activated and started a wildfire in the pilot episode of the original series, \"And Then There Were 10\" when Ben was trying to remove the Omnitrix immediately after it first attached to him.", "Laryngeal theory __knowledge__ The laryngeal theory aims to produce greater regularity in the reconstruction of Proto-Indo-European (PIE) phonology than from the reconstruction that is produced by the comparative method.", "Laryngeal theory __knowledge__ Most notably, it seeks to extend the general occurrence of the Indo-European ablaut to syllables with reconstructed vowel phonemes other than *e or *o.", "Laryngeal theory __knowledge__ In its earlier form (see below), the theory postulated two sounds in PIE.", "Laryngeal theory __knowledge__ Combined with a reconstructed *e or *o, the sounds produce vowel phonemes that would not otherwise be predicted by the rules of ablaut.", "Laryngeal theory __knowledge__ The theory received considerable support after the decipherment of Hittite, which revealed it to be an Indo-European language.", "Infant swimming __knowledge__ Infant swimming is the phenomenon of human babies and toddlers reflexively moving themselves through water and changing their rate of respiration and heart rate in response to being submerged.", "Infant swimming __knowledge__ The slowing of heart rate and breathing is called the bradycardic response.", "Infant swimming __knowledge__ It is not true that babies are born with the ability to swim, though they have reflexes that make it look like they are.", "Infant swimming __knowledge__ Babies aren't old enough to hold their breath intentionally or strong enough to keep their head above water.", "Infant swimming __knowledge__ Most infants, though not all, will reflexively hold their breath when submerged to protect their airway and are able to survive immersion in water for short periods of time." ] ]

[ 1, 4, 48, 79 ]

[ "Swimming is nice for exercise! It's the self-propulsion of oneself through water.", "It is refreshing! It's one of the top public recreational activities. In some countries, swimming lessons are part of the educational curriculum. ", "Yes, it is important. Because some think that babies are born with the ability to swim, because they have reflexes that make it look like they are. ", "Yes, they need to get out because babies aren't old enough to hold their breath. And they aren't strong enough to keep their head out of the water!" ]

[ "Swimming", "Swimming", "Swimming", "Swimming" ]

[ "Higher education in the United States", "Yes, I have a higher education. I first got an A.S. in Liberal Studies, and then completed a Bachelor's in the same field.", "I began at a community college, and then transferred to a public university. Do you have a post secondary degree?", "Yes, and I hear that the majority of recent graduates are skewed heavily to the female demographic, which is concerning. I wish both sexes were equally represented in that statistic." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Higher education in the United States __knowledge__ Higher education in the United States is an optional final stage of formal learning following secondary education.", "Higher education in the United States __knowledge__ Higher education, also referred to as post-secondary education, third stage, third level, or tertiary education occurs most commonly at one of the 4,726 Title IV degree-granting institutions, either colleges or universities in the country.", "Higher education in the United States __knowledge__ These may be public universities, private universities, liberal arts colleges, community colleges, or for-profit colleges.", "Higher education in the United States __knowledge__ High visibility issues include greater use of the Internet, such as massive open online courses, competency-based education, sexual assault, cutbacks in state and local spending, rapidly rising tuition and increasing student loan debt According to the National Student Clearinghouse, US college enrollment has declined for five consecutive years and is projected to continue declining for the next two decades.", "Higher education in the United States __knowledge__ This decline, attributed to falling birth rates, amounts to a 2.5 million loss in enrollment from the peak year of 2010-2011.", "Higher education in the United States __knowledge__ Strong research and funding have helped make America's elite colleges and universities among the world's most prestigious, making them particularly attractive to international students, professors and researchers in the pursuit of academic excellence." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Higher education in the United States __knowledge__ Higher education in the United States is an optional final stage of formal learning following secondary education.", "Higher education in the United States __knowledge__ Higher education, also referred to as post-secondary education, third stage, third level, or tertiary education occurs most commonly at one of the 4,726 Title IV degree-granting institutions, either colleges or universities in the country.", "Higher education in the United States __knowledge__ These may be public universities, private universities, liberal arts colleges, community colleges, or for-profit colleges.", "Higher education in the United States __knowledge__ High visibility issues include greater use of the Internet, such as massive open online courses, competency-based education, sexual assault, cutbacks in state and local spending, rapidly rising tuition and increasing student loan debt According to the National Student Clearinghouse, US college enrollment has declined for five consecutive years and is projected to continue declining for the next two decades.", "Higher education in the United States __knowledge__ This decline, attributed to falling birth rates, amounts to a 2.5 million loss in enrollment from the peak year of 2010-2011.", "Higher education in the United States __knowledge__ Strong research and funding have helped make America's elite colleges and universities among the world's most prestigious, making them particularly attractive to international students, professors and researchers in the pursuit of academic excellence.", "Bachelor's degree __knowledge__ A bachelor's degree (from Middle Latin \"baccalaureus\") or baccalaureate (from Modern Latin \"baccalaureatus\") is an undergraduate academic degree awarded by colleges and universities upon completion of a course of study lasting three to seven years (depending on institution and academic discipline).", "Bachelor's degree __knowledge__ In some institutions and educational systems, some bachelor's degrees can only be taken as graduate or postgraduate degrees after a first degree has been completed.", "Bachelor's degree __knowledge__ In countries with qualifications frameworks, bachelor's degrees are normally one of the major levels in the framework (sometimes two levels where non-honours and honours bachelor's degrees are considered separately), although some qualifications titled bachelor's degrees may be at other levels (e.g.", "Liberal arts education __knowledge__ Liberal arts education (, free and , art or principled practice) can claim to be the oldest programme of higher education in Western history.", "Liberal arts education __knowledge__ It has its origin in the attempt to discover first principles - 'those universal principles which are the condition of the possibility of the existence of anything and everything'.", "Liberal arts education __knowledge__ The liberal arts are those subjects or skills that in classical antiquity were considered essential for a free person (, \"worthy of a free person\") to know in order to take an active part in civic life, something that (for Ancient Greece) included participating in public debate, defending oneself in court, serving on juries, and most importantly, military service.", "Georgetown University School of Continuing Studies __knowledge__ The Georgetown University School of Continuing Studies (SCS) is a school at Georgetown University in Washington, D.C., United States.", "Georgetown University School of Continuing Studies __knowledge__ SCS provides a Georgetown education to students at every stage of learning, including high school programs, summer school programs for college students, bachelor's, master's, and doctoral degree programs, certificate programs for professionals.", "Georgetown University School of Continuing Studies __knowledge__ Founded as the School of Summer and Continuing Education in 1956, it graduated its first students in 1975.", "Georgetown University School of Continuing Studies __knowledge__ Today SCS enrolls more than 5,000 students annually in all of its programs.", "Georgetown University School of Continuing Studies __knowledge__ The school specializes in Master of Professional Studies (MPS) degree programs in Applied Intelligence; Emergency & Disaster Management; Global Hospitality Leadership; Global Strategic Communications; Human Resources Management; Integrated Marketing Communications; Journalism; Program & Portfolio Management; Project Management; Public Relations & Corporate Communications; Real Estate; Regulatory Affairs; Sports Industry Management; Systems Engineering Management; Technology Management; and Urban & Regional Planning.", "Academic degree __knowledge__ An academic degree is a qualification awarded to students upon successful completion of a course of study in higher education, normally at a college or university.", "Academic degree __knowledge__ These institutions commonly offer degrees at various levels, typically including bachelor's, master’s and doctorates, often alongside other academic certificates, and professional degrees.", "Academic degree __knowledge__ The most common undergraduate degree is the bachelor's degree, although in some countries lower qualifications are titled degrees (e.g.", "Academic degree __knowledge__ associate degrees in the US or foundation degrees in the UK) while in others a higher-level first degree is more usual.", "University of Oklahoma College of Liberal Studies __knowledge__ The University of Oklahoma College of Liberal Studies (CLS) is an accredited, academic division of the University of Oklahoma (OU) in Norman, Oklahoma.", "University of Oklahoma College of Liberal Studies __knowledge__ As the first interdisciplinary Liberal Studies degree program in the country, the college was established in 1961 to fill the need for non-traditional students to continue their education while balancing external obligations.", "University of Oklahoma College of Liberal Studies __knowledge__ In 2003, the college began offering OU’s first 100% online degree.", "University of Oklahoma College of Liberal Studies __knowledge__ As of Fall 2013, the college has an enrollment of 1058 undergraduates and 602 graduate students.", "University of Oklahoma College of Liberal Studies __knowledge__ As one of OU's 20 colleges, all CLS undergraduate and graduate degree programs are regionally-accredited by the North Central Association of Colleges and Schools, a part of the Higher Learning Commission.", "Central Philippine University __knowledge__ Central Philippine University (also referred to as Central or CPU) is a private research university in Iloilo City, Philippines.", "Central Philippine University __knowledge__ Established in 1905 through a grant given by the American business magnate, industrialist and philanthropist John D. Rockefeller under the auspices of the American Baptist Foreign Mission Society, it is the first Baptist founded and second American university in the Philippines and Asia (after Silliman University (1901) in Dumaguete).", "Central Philippine University __knowledge__ It initially consisted of two separate schools: the \"Jaro Industrial School\" for boys and the \"Baptist Missionary Training School\" that trains ministers and other Christian workers.", "List of secondary education systems by country __knowledge__ Secondary education covers two phases on the ISCED scale.", "List of secondary education systems by country __knowledge__ Level 2 or lower secondary education is considered the second and final phase of basic education, and level 3 or upper secondary education is the stage before tertiary education.", "List of secondary education systems by country __knowledge__ Every country aims to provide basic education, but the systems and terminology remain unique to them.", "List of secondary education systems by country __knowledge__ Secondary education typically takes place after six years of primary education and is followed by higher education, vocational education or employment.", "List of secondary education systems by country __knowledge__ In Algeria, secondary school starts after obtaining the BEM (Brevet d'Enseignement Moyen) (Middle School Certificate), and ends by getting the Baccalaureate that exclusively grants access to national universities.", "Education in China __knowledge__ Education in China is a state-run system of public education run by the Ministry of Education.", "Education in China __knowledge__ All citizens must attend school for at least nine years, known as the nine-year compulsory education, which the government funds.", "Education in China __knowledge__ It includes six years of primary education, starting at age six or seven, and three years of junior secondary education (junior middle school) for ages 12 to 15.", "Education in China __knowledge__ Some provinces may have five years of primary school but four years for junior middle school.", "Education in China __knowledge__ After junior middle school, there are three years of senior middle school, which then completes the secondary education.", "Education in Portugal __knowledge__ Education in Portugal is free and compulsory until the age of 18, when students complete the 12th grade.", "Education in Portugal __knowledge__ The education is regulated by the State through the Ministry of Education.", "Education in Portugal __knowledge__ There is a system of public education and also many private schools at all levels of education.", "Education in Portugal __knowledge__ The first Portuguese medieval universities, such as the University of Coimbra, were created in the 13th century, and the national higher education system is fully integrated into the European Higher Education Area.", "Education in Portugal __knowledge__ The basic literacy rate of the Portuguese population is 95.7% (97.1% male, 94.4% female).", "Education in Portugal __knowledge__ According to INE (Portuguese Institute for National Statistics), only 3.7 million Portuguese workers (67% of the working active population) completed basic education (81% of the working population attained the lower basic level of education and 12% attained the intermediate level of education).", "Educational stage __knowledge__ Educational stages are subdivisions of formal learning, typically covering early childhood education, primary education, secondary education and tertiary (or higher) education.", "Educational stage __knowledge__ The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) recognizes seven levels of education in its International Standard Classification of Education system (ISCED, from Level 0 (pre-primary education) through Level 6 (second stage of tertiary education)).", "Educational stage __knowledge__ UNESCO's International Bureau of Education maintains a database of country-specific education systems and their stages.", "Educational stage __knowledge__ Education during childhood and early adulthood is typically provided through either a two- or three-stage system of childhood schooling, followed by additional stages of higher education or vocational education for those who continue their formal education: The following table introduces the main concepts, although terms and ages may vary in different places: For additional ISCED stages of education, see ISCED.", "Higher education in Portugal __knowledge__ Higher education in Portugal is divided into two main subsystems: university and polytechnic education.", "Higher education in Portugal __knowledge__ It is provided in autonomous public universities, private universities, public or private university institutes, polytechnic institutions and higher education institutions of other types.", "Higher education in Portugal __knowledge__ Higher education in state-run educational establishments is provided on a competitive basis, a system of \"numerus clausus\" is enforced through a national database on student admissions.", "Higher education in Portugal __knowledge__ In addition, every higher education institution offers also a number of additional vacant places through other extraordinary admission processes for sportsmen, mature applicants (over 23 years old), international students, foreign students from the Lusosphere, degree owners from other institutions, students from other institutions (academic transfer), former students (readmission), and course change, which are subject to specific standards and regulations set by each institution or course department.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ Education in the United States is provided by public, private and home schools.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ State governments set overall educational standards, often mandate standardized tests for K–12 public school systems and supervise, usually through a board of regents, state colleges and universities.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ Funding comes from the state, local, and federal government.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ Private schools are generally free to determine their own curriculum and staffing policies, with voluntary accreditation available through independent regional accreditation authorities, although some state regulation can apply.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ In 2013, about 87% of school-age children (those below higher education) attended state funded public schools, about 10% attended tuition- and foundation-funded private schools and roughly 3% were home-schooled.", "Education in the Philippines __knowledge__ Education in the Philippines is managed and regulated by the Department of Education (DepEd), Commission on Higher Education (CHED) and Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA).", "Education in the Philippines __knowledge__ DepEd is responsible for the K–12 basic education; it exercises full and exclusive control over public schools and nominal regulation over private schools, and it also enforces the national curriculum that has been put in place since 2013.", "Education in the Philippines __knowledge__ CHED and TESDA, on the other hand, are responsible for higher education; CHED regulates the academically-oriented universities and colleges while TESDA oversees the development of technical and vocational education institutions and programs in the country." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Higher education in the United States __knowledge__ Higher education in the United States is an optional final stage of formal learning following secondary education.", "Higher education in the United States __knowledge__ Higher education, also referred to as post-secondary education, third stage, third level, or tertiary education occurs most commonly at one of the 4,726 Title IV degree-granting institutions, either colleges or universities in the country.", "Higher education in the United States __knowledge__ These may be public universities, private universities, liberal arts colleges, community colleges, or for-profit colleges.", "Higher education in the United States __knowledge__ High visibility issues include greater use of the Internet, such as massive open online courses, competency-based education, sexual assault, cutbacks in state and local spending, rapidly rising tuition and increasing student loan debt According to the National Student Clearinghouse, US college enrollment has declined for five consecutive years and is projected to continue declining for the next two decades.", "Higher education in the United States __knowledge__ This decline, attributed to falling birth rates, amounts to a 2.5 million loss in enrollment from the peak year of 2010-2011.", "Higher education in the United States __knowledge__ Strong research and funding have helped make America's elite colleges and universities among the world's most prestigious, making them particularly attractive to international students, professors and researchers in the pursuit of academic excellence.", "Higher education in Nova Scotia __knowledge__ Higher education in Nova Scotia (also referred to as post-secondary education) refers to education provided by higher education institutions.", "Higher education in Nova Scotia __knowledge__ In Canada, education is the responsibility of the provinces and there is no Canadian federal ministry governing education.", "Higher education in Nova Scotia __knowledge__ Nova Scotia has a population of less than one million people, but is home to ten public universities and the Nova Scotia Community College, which offers programs at 13 locations.", "Higher education in Nova Scotia __knowledge__ Six of the 10 universities – Atlantic School of Theology, Dalhousie University, Mount Saint Vincent University, the NSCAD University, Saint Mary's University, and the University of King's College – are located in the Halifax Regional Municipality, which is the capital of Nova Scotia and the largest urban area in the Atlantic Canada region.", "Higher education in Prince Edward Island __knowledge__ Higher education in Prince Edward Island (also referred to as post-secondary education) refers to education provided by higher education institutions in the Canadian province of Prince Edward Island.", "Higher education in Prince Edward Island __knowledge__ In Canada, education is the responsibility of the provinces and there is no Canadian federal ministry governing education.", "Higher education in Prince Edward Island __knowledge__ Prince Edward Island has one university, the University of Prince Edward Island authorized to grant degrees, and two community colleges, Holland College, which operates centres across the province, and Collège Acadie Île du Prince Édouard, which offers post secondary education in French.", "Higher education in New Brunswick __knowledge__ Higher education in New Brunswick (also referred to as postsecondary education) refers to education provided by higher education institutions in the Canadian province of New Brunswick.", "Higher education in New Brunswick __knowledge__ Higher education has a rich history in New Brunswick.", "Higher education in New Brunswick __knowledge__ The first English-language university in Canada was the University of New Brunswick.", "Higher education in New Brunswick __knowledge__ Mount Allison University was the first in the British Empire to award a baccalaureate to a woman, Grace Annie Lockhart, B.Sc.", "Higher education in New Brunswick __knowledge__ in 1875.", "Higher education in New Brunswick __knowledge__ Education is the responsibility of the provinces in Canada and there is no federal ministry governing it.", "Higher education in New Brunswick __knowledge__ The governing body for education in New Brunswick at present is the Department of Post Secondary Education, Training and Labour, which was headed by the Honourable Danny Soucy.", "Higher education in Newfoundland and Labrador __knowledge__ Newfoundland and Labrador has had the same growing pains as other provinces in developing its own form of education and now boasts a very strong, although relatively small, system.", "Higher education in Newfoundland and Labrador __knowledge__ The direction of Newfoundland and Labrador’s policy has evolved rapidly since the late 1990s, with increased funding, participation rates, accessibility and transferability.", "Higher education in Newfoundland and Labrador __knowledge__ Many of the directives the government has been acting upon in the past 10 years have been a result of recommendations that stemmed from a 2005 white paper: \"Foundation for Success: White Paper on Public Post-Secondary Education\".", "Higher education in Newfoundland and Labrador __knowledge__ It set the course for furthering the strategic directives of the provincial post-secondary education sector.", "Community colleges in the United States __knowledge__ In the United States, community colleges (once commonly called junior colleges) are primarily two-year public institutions of tertiary education.", "Community colleges in the United States __knowledge__ Many community colleges also offer remedial education, GEDs, high school degrees, technical degrees and certificates, and a limited number of 4-year degrees.", "Community colleges in the United States __knowledge__ After graduating from a community college, some students transfer to a university or liberal arts college for two to three years to complete a bachelor's degree, while others enter the workforce.", "Community colleges in the United States __knowledge__ In 2012–2013, 7.7 million people attended U.S. community colleges, with about 3.1 million students enrolled full-time, and about 4.6 million students enrolled part-time.", "Higher education in Canada __knowledge__ Higher education in Canada describes the constellation of provincial higher education systems in Canada and their relationships with tent of federal government, provinces, and territories.", "Higher education in Canada __knowledge__ In Canada, the constitutional responsibility for higher education rests with the provinces of Canada.", "Higher education in Canada __knowledge__ The decision to assign responsibility for universities to the local legislatures, cemented in the British North America Act, 1867, which was renamed the Constitution Act in 1982, was contentious from its inception.", "Higher education in Canada __knowledge__ The Act states that \"in and for each Province, the Legislature may exclusively make laws in relation to Education\".", "College __knowledge__ A college (Latin: \"collegium\") is an educational institution or a constituent part of one.", "College __knowledge__ A college may be a degree-awarding tertiary educational institution, a part of a collegiate or federal university, or an institution offering vocational education.", "College __knowledge__ In the United States, \"college\" often refers to a constituent part of a university or to a degree-awarding tertiary educational institution, but generally \"college\" and \"university\" are used interchangeably, whereas in the United Kingdom, Oceania, South Asia and Southern Africa, \"college\" may refer to a secondary or high school, a college of further education, a training institution that awards trade qualifications, a higher education provider that does not have university status (often without its own degree-awarding powers), or a constituent part of a university (See this comparison of British and American English educational terminology for further information).", "For-profit higher education in the United States __knowledge__ For-profit higher education in the United States (known as for-profit college or proprietary education in some instances) refers to higher education educational institutions operated by private, profit-seeking businesses.", "For-profit higher education in the United States __knowledge__ Historically, most colleges and universities in the US have been non-profit, but for-profit institutions rapidly grew in number and size from 1972 to 2009.", "For-profit higher education in the United States __knowledge__ This also includes culinary arts schools and certain vocational for-profit schools.", "For-profit higher education in the United States __knowledge__ Although supporters of for-profit higher education have argued that the profit motive encourages efficiency, the for-profit educational industry has received severe negative criticism because of its sales techniques, high costs, and poor student outcomes.", "Liberal arts college __knowledge__ A liberal arts college is a college with an emphasis on undergraduate study in the liberal arts and sciences.", "Liberal arts college __knowledge__ A liberal arts college aims to impart a broad general knowledge and develop general intellectual capacities, in contrast to a professional, vocational, or technical curriculum.", "Liberal arts college __knowledge__ Students in a liberal arts college generally major in a particular discipline while receiving exposure to a wide range of academic subjects, including sciences as well as the traditional humanities subjects taught as liberal arts.", "Liberal arts college __knowledge__ Although it draws on European antecedents, the liberal arts college is strongly associated with American higher education, and most liberal arts colleges around the world draw explicitly on the American model.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ College admissions in the United States refers to the process of applying for entrance to institutions of higher education for undergraduate study at one of the nation's 2,675 schools.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ Generally, the college search begins in the student's eleventh grade of high school with most activity taking place during the twelfth grade, although students at top high schools often begin the process during their tenth grade or earlier.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ In addition, there are considerable numbers of students who transfer from one college to another, as well as adults older than high school age who apply to college.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ Millions of high school students apply to college each year.", "Pomona College __knowledge__ Pomona College is a private, nonsectarian, coeducational, liberal arts college in Claremont, California, United States.", "Pomona College __knowledge__ It was founded in 1887 by a group of Congregationalists who wanted to recreate a \"college of the New England type\" on the West Coast.", "Pomona College __knowledge__ In the 1920s, it became the founding member of the Claremont Colleges consortium as President James A. Blaisdell founded a consortium system modeled after those of Oxford University and Cambridge University.", "Pomona College __knowledge__ Pomona is a four-year undergraduate institution, and enrolled approximately 1,700 students representing all 50 states and 63 countries in Fall 2017.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ Education in the United States is provided by public, private and home schools.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ State governments set overall educational standards, often mandate standardized tests for K–12 public school systems and supervise, usually through a board of regents, state colleges and universities.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ Funding comes from the state, local, and federal government.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ Private schools are generally free to determine their own curriculum and staffing policies, with voluntary accreditation available through independent regional accreditation authorities, although some state regulation can apply.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ In 2013, about 87% of school-age children (those below higher education) attended state funded public schools, about 10% attended tuition- and foundation-funded private schools and roughly 3% were home-schooled." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Higher education in the United States __knowledge__ Higher education in the United States is an optional final stage of formal learning following secondary education.", "Higher education in the United States __knowledge__ Higher education, also referred to as post-secondary education, third stage, third level, or tertiary education occurs most commonly at one of the 4,726 Title IV degree-granting institutions, either colleges or universities in the country.", "Higher education in the United States __knowledge__ These may be public universities, private universities, liberal arts colleges, community colleges, or for-profit colleges.", "Higher education in the United States __knowledge__ High visibility issues include greater use of the Internet, such as massive open online courses, competency-based education, sexual assault, cutbacks in state and local spending, rapidly rising tuition and increasing student loan debt According to the National Student Clearinghouse, US college enrollment has declined for five consecutive years and is projected to continue declining for the next two decades.", "Higher education in the United States __knowledge__ This decline, attributed to falling birth rates, amounts to a 2.5 million loss in enrollment from the peak year of 2010-2011.", "Higher education in the United States __knowledge__ Strong research and funding have helped make America's elite colleges and universities among the world's most prestigious, making them particularly attractive to international students, professors and researchers in the pursuit of academic excellence.", "Beta distribution __knowledge__ In probability theory and statistics, the beta distribution is a family of continuous probability distributions defined on the interval [0, 1] parametrized by two positive shape parameters, denoted by \"α\" and \"β\", that appear as exponents of the random variable and control the shape of the distribution.", "Beta distribution __knowledge__ The beta distribution has been applied to model the behavior of random variables limited to intervals of finite length in a wide variety of disciplines.", "Beta distribution __knowledge__ In Bayesian inference, the beta distribution is the conjugate prior probability distribution for the Bernoulli, binomial, negative binomial and geometric distributions.", "Nonparametric skew __knowledge__ In statistics and probability theory, the nonparametric skew is a statistic occasionally used with random variables that take real values.", "Nonparametric skew __knowledge__ It is a measure of the skewness of a random variable's distribution—that is, the distribution's tendency to \"lean\" to one side or the other of the mean.", "Nonparametric skew __knowledge__ Its calculation does not require any knowledge of the form of the underlying distribution—hence the name nonparametric.", "Nonparametric skew __knowledge__ It has some desirable properties: it is zero for any symmetric distribution; it is unaffected by a scale shift; and it reveals either left- or right-skewness equally well.", "Nonparametric skew __knowledge__ Although its use has been mentioned in older textbooks it appears to have gone out of fashion.", "Campus sexual assault __knowledge__ Campus sexual assault is defined as the sexual assault of a student attending an institution of higher learning, such as a college or university.", "Campus sexual assault __knowledge__ Despite the name, fewer than 40% of reported incidents occur on campus property.", "Campus sexual assault __knowledge__ Sexual assault is any type of sexual contact or behavior that occurs without the explicit consent of the recipient.", "Campus sexual assault __knowledge__ Falling under the definition of sexual assault are sexual activities as forced sexual intercourse, forcible sodomy, child molestation, incest, fondling, and attempted rape.", "Campus sexual assault __knowledge__ Sexual assault for higher education students occurs more frequently against women, but any gender can be victimized.", "Women in science __knowledge__ britan Women have made significant contributions to science from the earliest times.", "Women in science __knowledge__ Historians with an interest in gender and science have illuminated the scientific endeavors and accomplishments of women, the barriers they have faced, and the strategies implemented to have their work peer-reviewed and accepted in major scientific journals and other publications.", "Women in science __knowledge__ The historical, critical and sociological study of these issues has become an academic discipline in its own right.", "Women in science __knowledge__ The involvement of women in the field of medicine occurred in several early civilizations, and the study of natural philosophy in ancient Greece was open to women.", "International Pharmaceutical Students' Federation __knowledge__ The International Pharmaceutical Students' Federation (IPSF) is a non-governmental, non-political and non-religious organisation that represents pharmaceutical students, pharmacy students and recent graduates from all over the world.", "International Pharmaceutical Students' Federation __knowledge__ It was founded in 1949 and it is the oldest faculty-based student organisation.", "International Pharmaceutical Students' Federation __knowledge__ \"IPSF\" represents over 320,000 individuals in more than 80 countries with more than 100 different representative pharmacy student organisations.", "International Pharmaceutical Students' Federation __knowledge__ Every pharmacy and pharmaceutical student, and recent graduates up to four years after receiving their degree may become a member of the Federation individually, or via a representative organisation of pharmacy students.", "Women and video games __knowledge__ The relationship between women and video games has received extensive academic, corporate, and social attention.", "Women and video games __knowledge__ Since the 1990s, female gamers have commonly been regarded as a minority, but industry surveys have shown that in time the gender ratio has become closer to equal, and since the 2010s, females have been found to make up about half of all gamers.", "Women and video games __knowledge__ Sexism in video gaming, including sexual harassment and the underrepresentation of women as characters in games, is an increasing topic of discussion in video game culture.", "Women and video games __knowledge__ Advocates for increasing the number of female gamers stress the problems attending disenfranchisement of females from one of the fastest-growing cultural realms as well as the largely untapped nature of the female gamer market.", "Female labor force in the Muslim world __knowledge__ Female participation and advancement in majority Muslim countries, or nations in which more than 50% of the population identifies as an adherent of the Islamic faith, has traditionally been areas of controversy.", "Female labor force in the Muslim world __knowledge__ Several Western nations such as the United States and Western Europe have criticised majority Muslim nations for the lack of involvement and opportunity for women in the private sector.", "Female labor force in the Muslim world __knowledge__ Low levels of female labor participation, large wage gaps by gender, and few female executives in large companies in majority Muslim nations are common criticisms of these nations.", "Female labor force in the Muslim world __knowledge__ Accordingly, significant data has been gathered by global institutions about female workers in majority Muslim nations to test these cultural beliefs.", "For-profit higher education in the United States __knowledge__ For-profit higher education in the United States (known as for-profit college or proprietary education in some instances) refers to higher education educational institutions operated by private, profit-seeking businesses.", "For-profit higher education in the United States __knowledge__ Historically, most colleges and universities in the US have been non-profit, but for-profit institutions rapidly grew in number and size from 1972 to 2009.", "For-profit higher education in the United States __knowledge__ This also includes culinary arts schools and certain vocational for-profit schools.", "For-profit higher education in the United States __knowledge__ Although supporters of for-profit higher education have argued that the profit motive encourages efficiency, the for-profit educational industry has received severe negative criticism because of its sales techniques, high costs, and poor student outcomes.", "Achievement gap in the United States __knowledge__ The achievement gap in the United States refers to the observed, persistent disparity in measures of educational performance among subgroups of U.S. students, especially groups defined by socioeconomic status (SES), race/ethnicity and gender.", "Achievement gap in the United States __knowledge__ The achievement gap can be observed on a variety of measures, including standardized test scores, grade point average, dropout rates, and college enrollment and completion rates.", "Achievement gap in the United States __knowledge__ While this article focuses on the achievement gap in the United States, the gap in achievement between lower income students and higher income students exists in all nations and it has been studied extensively in the U.S. and other countries, including the U.K.", "Education in China __knowledge__ Education in China is a state-run system of public education run by the Ministry of Education.", "Education in China __knowledge__ All citizens must attend school for at least nine years, known as the nine-year compulsory education, which the government funds.", "Education in China __knowledge__ It includes six years of primary education, starting at age six or seven, and three years of junior secondary education (junior middle school) for ages 12 to 15.", "Education in China __knowledge__ Some provinces may have five years of primary school but four years for junior middle school.", "Education in China __knowledge__ After junior middle school, there are three years of senior middle school, which then completes the secondary education.", "Camden, New Jersey __knowledge__ Camden is a city in Camden County, New Jersey.", "Camden, New Jersey __knowledge__ Camden is located directly across the Delaware River from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.", "Camden, New Jersey __knowledge__ At the 2010 United States Census, the city had a population of 77,344.", "Camden, New Jersey __knowledge__ Camden is the 12th most populous municipality in New Jersey.", "Camden, New Jersey __knowledge__ The city was incorporated on February 13, 1828.", "Camden, New Jersey __knowledge__ Camden has been the county seat of Camden County since the county was formed on March 13, 1844.", "Camden, New Jersey __knowledge__ The city derives its name from Charles Pratt, 1st Earl Camden.", "Camden, New Jersey __knowledge__ Camden is made up of over twenty different neighborhoods.", "Camden, New Jersey __knowledge__ The city was consistently prosperous throughout the Great Depression and World War II.", "Canton Area School District __knowledge__ The Canton Area School District is a diminutive, rural, Pennsylvania public school district that encompasses approximately .", "Canton Area School District __knowledge__ Canton Area School District is split over 3 counties.", "Canton Area School District __knowledge__ In Bradford County, it serves Canton Township including Canton Borough; while excluding the borough of Alba, and Leroy Township.", "Canton Area School District __knowledge__ In Lycoming County, the district serves McIntyre Township including the villages of Marsh Hill and Ralston; and McNett Township including the villages of Chemung, Ellenton, Leolyn, Penbryn, and Roaring Branch.", "Canton Area School District __knowledge__ In Tioga County, the district serves Union Township.", "Canton Area School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 local census data, the district serves a resident population of 6,213.", "Muncy School District __knowledge__ The Muncy School District is small, rural, public school district located in southern Lycoming County.", "Muncy School District __knowledge__ The school serves the borough of Muncy, plus the affiliated townships of Muncy Township and Muncy Creek Township.", "Muncy School District __knowledge__ The mascot of the school is the Indian.", "Muncy School District __knowledge__ Muncy School District encompasses approximately .", "Muncy School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, it served a resident population of 7,209.", "Muncy School District __knowledge__ By 2010, the district's population declined to 7,042 people.", "Muncy School District __knowledge__ The educational attainment levels for the population 25 and over were 87.2% high school graduates and 19.8% college graduates.", "Muncy School District __knowledge__ According to the Pennsylvania Budget and Policy Center, 32.8% of the district's pupils lived at 185% or below the Federal Poverty Level as shown by their eligibility for the federal free or reduced price school meal programs in 2012." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 4, 6 ]

[ "Do you have a higher education? It's an optional stage of learning beyond secondary education", "That's awesome! Types of higher education include public university, liberal arts colleges, for-profit colleges, and community college", "I do, I attended a university! However, US college enrollment has been declining every year since its peak in 2011", "I agree, though America's colleges are attractive to international students and faculty due to their strong research and funding" ]

[ "Higher education in the United States", "Higher education in the United States", "Higher education in the United States", "Higher education in the United States" ]

[ "Kale", "I do not like the taste of kale by itself, but I can eat it combined with other things", "The are nice looking, I agree. I like to add them on sandwiches or mix them with eggs. ", "I see. Well, I do enjoy cabbage quite a bit." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Kale __knowledge__ Kale () or leaf cabbage are certain cultivars of cabbage (\"Brassica oleracea\") grown for their edible leaves.", "Kale __knowledge__ A kale plant has green or purple leaves and the central leaves do not form a head (as with headed cabbages).", "Kale __knowledge__ Kales are considered to be closer to wild cabbage than most domesticated forms of \"Brassica oleracea\".", "Kale __knowledge__ \"Kale\" bears semblance to \"kail\", a variant of \"cawul\" (from Scotland and northern England) for various cabbages.", "Kale __knowledge__ Until the end of the Middle Ages, kale was one of the most common green vegetables in Europe.", "Kale __knowledge__ Curly-leaved varieties of cabbage already existed along with flat-leaved varieties in Greece in the fourth century BC.", "Kale __knowledge__ It was also used as medicinal food source.", "Kale __knowledge__ Disocorides wrote that it could be used to treat bowel ailments.", "Kale __knowledge__ These forms, which were referred to by the Romans as Sabellian kale, are considered to be the ancestors of modern kales.", "Kale __knowledge__ Kale was brought to North America by the colonists in the 16th century.", "Kale __knowledge__ Later, Russian kale was introduced into Canada, and then into the United States, by Russian traders in the 19th century.", "Kale __knowledge__ During World War II, the cultivation of kale (and other vegetables) in the U.K. was encouraged by the Dig for Victory campaign.", "Kale __knowledge__ The vegetable was easy to grow and provided important nutrients missing from a diet because of rationing." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Kale __knowledge__ Kale () or leaf cabbage are certain cultivars of cabbage (\"Brassica oleracea\") grown for their edible leaves.", "Kale __knowledge__ A kale plant has green or purple leaves and the central leaves do not form a head (as with headed cabbages).", "Kale __knowledge__ Kales are considered to be closer to wild cabbage than most domesticated forms of \"Brassica oleracea\".", "Kale __knowledge__ \"Kale\" bears semblance to \"kail\", a variant of \"cawul\" (from Scotland and northern England) for various cabbages.", "Kale __knowledge__ Until the end of the Middle Ages, kale was one of the most common green vegetables in Europe.", "Kale __knowledge__ Curly-leaved varieties of cabbage already existed along with flat-leaved varieties in Greece in the fourth century BC.", "Kale __knowledge__ It was also used as medicinal food source.", "Kale __knowledge__ Disocorides wrote that it could be used to treat bowel ailments.", "Kale __knowledge__ These forms, which were referred to by the Romans as Sabellian kale, are considered to be the ancestors of modern kales.", "Kale __knowledge__ Kale was brought to North America by the colonists in the 16th century.", "Kale __knowledge__ Later, Russian kale was introduced into Canada, and then into the United States, by Russian traders in the 19th century.", "Kale __knowledge__ During World War II, the cultivation of kale (and other vegetables) in the U.K. was encouraged by the Dig for Victory campaign.", "Kale __knowledge__ The vegetable was easy to grow and provided important nutrients missing from a diet because of rationing.", "List of Princess Gwenevere and the Jewel Riders characters __knowledge__ The following is the list of principal fictional characters from the children's animated series \"Princess Gwenevere and the Jewel Riders\" (also known as \"Starla & the Jewel Riders\" outside of North America).", "List of Princess Gwenevere and the Jewel Riders characters __knowledge__ The series follows the quest of a young princess of Avalon, Gwenevere (Starla), and her friends, Fallon and Tamara, to find and secure the scattered enchanted jewels and thus stop the evil Lady Kale from taking over the kingdom, restore harmony in magic, and bring the banished wizard Merlin home.", "List of Princess Gwenevere and the Jewel Riders characters __knowledge__ In the second season, the Jewel Riders receive more powers and new costumes to battle Kale and the mighty Morgana for more magical jewels that too need to be kept out the grasp of dark forces.", "Disturbia (film) __knowledge__ Disturbia is a 2007 American horror thriller film directed by D. J. Caruso, written by Christopher Landon and Carl Ellsworth and stars Shia LaBeouf, David Morse, Sarah Roemer and Carrie-Anne Moss.", "Disturbia (film) __knowledge__ The film follows a teenager who is placed on house arrest and begins to spy on his neighbors, thinking one of them is a serial killer.", "Disturbia (film) __knowledge__ Partly inspired by Alfred Hitchcock's \"Rear Window\", the film was released on April 13, 2007.", "Disturbia (film) __knowledge__ It has an approval rating of 69% on Rotten Tomatoes and grossed $117.8 million against a budget of $20 million.", "Disturbia (film) __knowledge__ Kale Brecht (Shia LaBeouf) and his father Daniel (Matt Craven) are enjoying a fishing trip.", "The Guess Who __knowledge__ The Guess Who are a Canadian rock band, formed in Winnipeg in 1965.", "The Guess Who __knowledge__ Initially gaining recognition in Canada, the group found international success from the late 1960s through the mid-1970s with many hit singles, including \"No Time\", \"American Woman\", \"Laughing\", \"These Eyes\", \"Undun\" and \"Share the Land\".", "The Guess Who __knowledge__ The band have continued to perform and record to the present day; and at various times have included many well-known musicians, including Burton Cummings and Randy Bachman (of Bachman–Turner Overdrive).", "The Guess Who __knowledge__ Formed as a garage rock band, their musical style encompassed the pop rock and psychedelic rock genres.", "Noble Kale __knowledge__ Noble Kale, the man who would be Ghost Rider, is a fictional character in the Marvel Comics Universe.", "Noble Kale __knowledge__ Noble grew up with his abusive father, Pastor Kale, and his younger brother, Dante, in the eighteenth century.", "Noble Kale __knowledge__ Jennifer Kale, introduced in 1972, is one of his descendents.", "Noble Kale __knowledge__ One day Noble fell in love with a young black girl named Magdelena, who worked for the Quentin Carnival.", "Noble Kale __knowledge__ Because of Magdelena's skin color, Noble hid his love for her from his father, but was finally forced to tell when Magdelena gave birth to their son.", "Noble Kale __knowledge__ Eventually, Noble and Magdelena married.", "Noble Kale __knowledge__ Shortly after their marriage, Magdelena discovered Pastor Kale's dark secret, that he was a warlock and the servant of the dark lord Mephisto and made deals with the demon to ensure the town's prosperity.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai cuisine (, , ) is the national cuisine of Thailand.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Balance, detail, and variety are of paramount significance to Thai chefs.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai cooking places emphasis on lightly prepared dishes with strong aromatic components and a spicy edge.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai chef McDang characterises Thai food as demonstrating \"intricacy; attention to detail; texture; color; taste; and the use of ingredients with medicinal benefits, as well as good flavor\", as well as care being given to the food's appearance, smell and context.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Australian chef David Thompson, an expert on Thai food, observes that unlike many other cuisines, Thai cooking rejects simplicity and is about \"the juggling of disparate elements to create a harmonious finish\".", "Jennifer Kale __knowledge__ Jennifer Kale is a fictional character, a sorceress appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Jennifer Kale __knowledge__ Jennifer Kale was created by Steve Gerber and Rich Buckler, and debuted in \"Adventure into Fear\" #11 (December 1972).", "Jennifer Kale __knowledge__ She is the cousin of Ghost Riders Johnny Blaze and Danny Ketch, and a founding member of the Legion of Night.", "Jennifer Kale __knowledge__ She is based on one of Gerber's friends, Jennifer Meyer.", "Jennifer Kale __knowledge__ She has appeared as a supporting character of Doctor Strange and her connection to Man-Thing is strong enough that she knows his true identity and sometimes calls him \"Ted\".", "Jennifer Kale __knowledge__ Zhered-Na was a sorceress in Atlantis c. 18,000 BC.", "Cabbage __knowledge__ Cabbage or headed cabbage (comprising several cultivars of Brassica oleracea) is a leafy green or purple biennial plant, grown as an annual vegetable crop for its dense-leaved heads.", "Cabbage __knowledge__ It is descended from the wild cabbage, \"B. oleracea\" var.", "Cabbage __knowledge__ \"oleracea\", and is closely related to broccoli and cauliflower (var.", "Cabbage __knowledge__ \"botrytis\"), Brussels sprouts (var.", "Cabbage __knowledge__ \"gemmifera\") and savoy cabbage (var.", "Cabbage __knowledge__ \"sabauda\") which are sometimes called cole crops.", "Cabbage __knowledge__ Cabbage heads generally range from , and can be green, purple and white.", "Cabbage __knowledge__ Smooth-leafed firm-headed green cabbages are the most common, with smooth-leafed red and crinkle-leafed savoy cabbages of both colors seen more rarely.", "Cordyline australis __knowledge__ Cordyline australis, commonly known as the cabbage tree, cabbage-palm or , is a widely branched monocot tree endemic to New Zealand.", "Cordyline australis __knowledge__ It grows up to tall with a stout trunk and sword-like leaves, which are clustered at the tips of the branches and can be up to long.", "Cordyline australis __knowledge__ With its tall, straight trunk and dense, rounded heads, \"C. australis\" is a characteristic feature of the New Zealand landscape.", "Cordyline australis __knowledge__ Its fruit is a favourite food source for the New Zealand pigeon and other native birds.", "Cordyline australis __knowledge__ It is common over a wide latitudinal range from the far north of the North Island at 34° 25'S to the south of the South Island at 46° 30'S.", "Napa cabbage __knowledge__ Napa or nappa cabbage (\"Brassica rapa\" subsp.", "Napa cabbage __knowledge__ \"pekinensis\" or \"Brassica rapa\" Pekinensis Group) is a type of Chinese cabbage originating near the Beijing region of China, and is widely used in East Asian cuisine.", "Napa cabbage __knowledge__ Since the 20th century, it is also a widespread crop in Europe, America and Australia.", "Napa cabbage __knowledge__ In much of the world, this is the vegetable referred to as \"Chinese cabbage\".", "Napa cabbage __knowledge__ In Australia it is referred to as 'wombok'.", "Napa cabbage __knowledge__ The name \"napa\" comes from colloquial and regional Japanese, where refers to the leaves of any vegetable, especially when used as food.", "Napa cabbage __knowledge__ The Japanese name for this specific variety of cabbage is —literally \"white vegetable\"—a Sino-Japanese reading of the Chinese name.", "Cabbage looper __knowledge__ The cabbage looper (\"Trichoplusia ni\") is a moth in the family Noctuidae, a family commonly referred to as owlet moths.", "Cabbage looper __knowledge__ Its common name comes from its preferred host plants and distinctive crawling behavior.", "Cabbage looper __knowledge__ Cruciferous vegetables, such as cabbage, bok choy, and broccoli, are its main host plant; hence, the reference to cabbage in its common name.", "Cabbage looper __knowledge__ The larvae is called a looper because it arches its back into a loop when it crawls.", "Cabbage looper __knowledge__ While crucifers are preferred, over 160 plants can serve as hosts for the cabbage looper larvae.", "Cabbage looper __knowledge__ In addition, the adult cabbage looper is a migratory moth that can be found across North America and Eurasia, as far south as Florida and as far north as British Columbia.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas traditions vary from country to country.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas celebrations for many nations include the installing and lighting of Christmas trees, the hanging of Advent wreaths, Christmas stockings, candy canes, and the creation of Nativity scenes depicting the birth of Jesus Christ.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas carols may be sung and stories told about such figures as the Baby Jesus, St Nicholas, Santa Claus, Father Christmas, Christkind or Grandfather Frost.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ The sending and exchange of Christmas card greetings, observance of fasting and special religious observances such as a midnight Mass or Vespers on Christmas Eve, the burning of a Yule log, and the giving and receiving of presents.", "Pieris rapae __knowledge__ Pieris rapae, the small white, is a small- to medium-sized butterfly species of the whites-and-yellows family Pieridae.", "Pieris rapae __knowledge__ It is also known as the small cabbage white and in New Zealand, simply as white butterfly.", "Pieris rapae __knowledge__ The names \"cabbage butterfly\" and \"cabbage white\" can also refer to the large white.", "Pieris rapae __knowledge__ The butterfly can be distinguished by the white color with small black dots on its wings.", "Pieris rapae __knowledge__ They are further distinguished by the smaller size and lack of the black band at the tip of their forewings.", "Pieris rapae __knowledge__ It is widespread and populations are found across Europe, North Africa, Asia, South America, and Great Britain." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Kale __knowledge__ Kale () or leaf cabbage are certain cultivars of cabbage (\"Brassica oleracea\") grown for their edible leaves.", "Kale __knowledge__ A kale plant has green or purple leaves and the central leaves do not form a head (as with headed cabbages).", "Kale __knowledge__ Kales are considered to be closer to wild cabbage than most domesticated forms of \"Brassica oleracea\".", "Kale __knowledge__ \"Kale\" bears semblance to \"kail\", a variant of \"cawul\" (from Scotland and northern England) for various cabbages.", "Kale __knowledge__ Until the end of the Middle Ages, kale was one of the most common green vegetables in Europe.", "Kale __knowledge__ Curly-leaved varieties of cabbage already existed along with flat-leaved varieties in Greece in the fourth century BC.", "Kale __knowledge__ It was also used as medicinal food source.", "Kale __knowledge__ Disocorides wrote that it could be used to treat bowel ailments.", "Kale __knowledge__ These forms, which were referred to by the Romans as Sabellian kale, are considered to be the ancestors of modern kales.", "Kale __knowledge__ Kale was brought to North America by the colonists in the 16th century.", "Kale __knowledge__ Later, Russian kale was introduced into Canada, and then into the United States, by Russian traders in the 19th century.", "Kale __knowledge__ During World War II, the cultivation of kale (and other vegetables) in the U.K. was encouraged by the Dig for Victory campaign.", "Kale __knowledge__ The vegetable was easy to grow and provided important nutrients missing from a diet because of rationing.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ Breakfast is the first meal of a day, most often eaten in the early morning before undertaking the day's work.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The word in English refers to breaking the fasting period of the prior night.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ There is a strong tendency for one or more \"typical\", or \"traditional\", breakfast menus to exist in most places, but the composition of this varies widely from place to place, and has varied over time, so that globally a very wide range of preparations and ingredients are now associated with breakfast.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The Old English word for dinner, \"disner\", means to break a fast, and was the first meal eaten in the day until its meaning shifted in the mid-13th century.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1953, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper sandwich in 1957, and has since added non-beef items such as chicken, fish, and vegetarian offerings, including salads and meatless sandwiches.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ Other additions include a breakfast menu and beverages such as Icees, juices, and bottled waters.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ As the company expanded both inside and outside the United States, it introduced localized versions of its products that conform to regional tastes and cultural or religious beliefs.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants Inc. is an American video game developer founded in 1994 by special-effects and computer-animation veterans Sherry McKenna and Lorne Lanning.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The company is primarily known for the incomplete \"Oddworld Quintology\", a series of award-winning video games about the fictional planet of Oddworld and its native creatures.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The series debuted with \"\" in 1997 and continued with \"\" in 2001 but the studio has also developed standalone titles \"\" in 1998 and \"\" in 2005.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants took a break from game development for a time following the release of \"Stranger's Wrath\", even though it had already begun preliminary work on its next Oddworld title, \"The Brutal Ballad of Fangus Klot\".", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1955, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ The company did not add another permanent hamburger to its menu until the introduction of the Big King sandwich in 1996 in response to McDonald's Big Mac sandwich.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ The company began experimenting with premium hamburgers, made from higher quality ingredients, in 1978 with the introduction of its Specialty Sandwich product line.", "Burger King grilled chicken sandwiches __knowledge__ International fast-food restaurant chain Burger King and its Australian franchise Hungry Jack's have had a variety of grilled chicken sandwiches in their product portfolio since 1990.", "Burger King grilled chicken sandwiches __knowledge__ The BK Broiler was the first iteration, and was one of the most successful product introductions in the fast food industry to that point in time.", "Burger King grilled chicken sandwiches __knowledge__ However sales dropped in the following two years, and the product was reformulated and renamed to the Chicken Whopper to align the product with the company's Whopper Sandwich.", "Burger King grilled chicken sandwiches __knowledge__ A change of ownership of Burger King in 2004 prompted another reformulation of the product into the BK Baguette product line that focused on a more health-oriented product.", "Salad Fingers __knowledge__ Salad Fingers is a British flash animation internet series created by David Firth in July 2004.", "Salad Fingers __knowledge__ It gained rapid internet popularity, such that the \"San Francisco Chronicle\" ranked it among the \"Top 10\" pop culture phenomena for 2005.", "Salad Fingers __knowledge__ 10 Episodes (14 confirmed) have already been published on YouTube and Newgrounds.", "Salad Fingers __knowledge__ The cartoon revolves around the eponymous \"Salad Fingers\", a thin, green, mentally troubled being who inhabits a desolate world with three lifeless, scruffy finger puppets.", "Salad Fingers __knowledge__ The first seven episodes of \"Salad Fingers \"were shown back-to-back in Australia at the 2007 Sydney Underground Film Festival at the Factory Theatre, along with a variety of other animated short films, during the \"Re-Animation\" session.", "List of Princess Gwenevere and the Jewel Riders characters __knowledge__ The following is the list of principal fictional characters from the children's animated series \"Princess Gwenevere and the Jewel Riders\" (also known as \"Starla & the Jewel Riders\" outside of North America).", "List of Princess Gwenevere and the Jewel Riders characters __knowledge__ The series follows the quest of a young princess of Avalon, Gwenevere (Starla), and her friends, Fallon and Tamara, to find and secure the scattered enchanted jewels and thus stop the evil Lady Kale from taking over the kingdom, restore harmony in magic, and bring the banished wizard Merlin home.", "List of Princess Gwenevere and the Jewel Riders characters __knowledge__ In the second season, the Jewel Riders receive more powers and new costumes to battle Kale and the mighty Morgana for more magical jewels that too need to be kept out the grasp of dark forces.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai cuisine (, , ) is the national cuisine of Thailand.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Balance, detail, and variety are of paramount significance to Thai chefs.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai cooking places emphasis on lightly prepared dishes with strong aromatic components and a spicy edge.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai chef McDang characterises Thai food as demonstrating \"intricacy; attention to detail; texture; color; taste; and the use of ingredients with medicinal benefits, as well as good flavor\", as well as care being given to the food's appearance, smell and context.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Australian chef David Thompson, an expert on Thai food, observes that unlike many other cuisines, Thai cooking rejects simplicity and is about \"the juggling of disparate elements to create a harmonious finish\".", "Salad __knowledge__ A salad is a dish consisting of a mixture of small pieces of food, usually predominantly vegetables.", "Salad __knowledge__ They are typically served at room temperature or chilled, with notable exceptions such as south German potato salad which is served warm.", "Salad __knowledge__ Salads may contain virtually any type of ready-to-eat food.", "Salad __knowledge__ Garden salads use a base of leafy greens like lettuce, arugula, kale or spinach; they are common enough that the word \"salad\" alone often refers specifically to garden salads.", "Salad __knowledge__ Other types include bean salad, tuna salad, fattoush, Greek salad, and Japanese sōmen salad (a noodle-based salad).", "Salad __knowledge__ The sauce used to flavor a salad is commonly called a salad dressing; most salad dressings are based on either a mixture of oil and vinegar or a fermented milk product.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas traditions vary from country to country.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas celebrations for many nations include the installing and lighting of Christmas trees, the hanging of Advent wreaths, Christmas stockings, candy canes, and the creation of Nativity scenes depicting the birth of Jesus Christ.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas carols may be sung and stories told about such figures as the Baby Jesus, St Nicholas, Santa Claus, Father Christmas, Christkind or Grandfather Frost.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ The sending and exchange of Christmas card greetings, observance of fasting and special religious observances such as a midnight Mass or Vespers on Christmas Eve, the burning of a Yule log, and the giving and receiving of presents.", "Cabbage __knowledge__ Cabbage or headed cabbage (comprising several cultivars of Brassica oleracea) is a leafy green or purple biennial plant, grown as an annual vegetable crop for its dense-leaved heads.", "Cabbage __knowledge__ It is descended from the wild cabbage, \"B. oleracea\" var.", "Cabbage __knowledge__ \"oleracea\", and is closely related to broccoli and cauliflower (var.", "Cabbage __knowledge__ \"botrytis\"), Brussels sprouts (var.", "Cabbage __knowledge__ \"gemmifera\") and savoy cabbage (var.", "Cabbage __knowledge__ \"sabauda\") which are sometimes called cole crops.", "Cabbage __knowledge__ Cabbage heads generally range from , and can be green, purple and white.", "Cabbage __knowledge__ Smooth-leafed firm-headed green cabbages are the most common, with smooth-leafed red and crinkle-leafed savoy cabbages of both colors seen more rarely." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Kale __knowledge__ Kale () or leaf cabbage are certain cultivars of cabbage (\"Brassica oleracea\") grown for their edible leaves.", "Kale __knowledge__ A kale plant has green or purple leaves and the central leaves do not form a head (as with headed cabbages).", "Kale __knowledge__ Kales are considered to be closer to wild cabbage than most domesticated forms of \"Brassica oleracea\".", "Kale __knowledge__ \"Kale\" bears semblance to \"kail\", a variant of \"cawul\" (from Scotland and northern England) for various cabbages.", "Kale __knowledge__ Until the end of the Middle Ages, kale was one of the most common green vegetables in Europe.", "Kale __knowledge__ Curly-leaved varieties of cabbage already existed along with flat-leaved varieties in Greece in the fourth century BC.", "Kale __knowledge__ It was also used as medicinal food source.", "Kale __knowledge__ Disocorides wrote that it could be used to treat bowel ailments.", "Kale __knowledge__ These forms, which were referred to by the Romans as Sabellian kale, are considered to be the ancestors of modern kales.", "Kale __knowledge__ Kale was brought to North America by the colonists in the 16th century.", "Kale __knowledge__ Later, Russian kale was introduced into Canada, and then into the United States, by Russian traders in the 19th century.", "Kale __knowledge__ During World War II, the cultivation of kale (and other vegetables) in the U.K. was encouraged by the Dig for Victory campaign.", "Kale __knowledge__ The vegetable was easy to grow and provided important nutrients missing from a diet because of rationing.", "Cabbage __knowledge__ Cabbage or headed cabbage (comprising several cultivars of Brassica oleracea) is a leafy green or purple biennial plant, grown as an annual vegetable crop for its dense-leaved heads.", "Cabbage __knowledge__ It is descended from the wild cabbage, \"B. oleracea\" var.", "Cabbage __knowledge__ \"oleracea\", and is closely related to broccoli and cauliflower (var.", "Cabbage __knowledge__ \"botrytis\"), Brussels sprouts (var.", "Cabbage __knowledge__ \"gemmifera\") and savoy cabbage (var.", "Cabbage __knowledge__ \"sabauda\") which are sometimes called cole crops.", "Cabbage __knowledge__ Cabbage heads generally range from , and can be green, purple and white.", "Cabbage __knowledge__ Smooth-leafed firm-headed green cabbages are the most common, with smooth-leafed red and crinkle-leafed savoy cabbages of both colors seen more rarely.", "Cabbage looper __knowledge__ The cabbage looper (\"Trichoplusia ni\") is a moth in the family Noctuidae, a family commonly referred to as owlet moths.", "Cabbage looper __knowledge__ Its common name comes from its preferred host plants and distinctive crawling behavior.", "Cabbage looper __knowledge__ Cruciferous vegetables, such as cabbage, bok choy, and broccoli, are its main host plant; hence, the reference to cabbage in its common name.", "Cabbage looper __knowledge__ The larvae is called a looper because it arches its back into a loop when it crawls.", "Cabbage looper __knowledge__ While crucifers are preferred, over 160 plants can serve as hosts for the cabbage looper larvae.", "Cabbage looper __knowledge__ In addition, the adult cabbage looper is a migratory moth that can be found across North America and Eurasia, as far south as Florida and as far north as British Columbia.", "Napa cabbage __knowledge__ Napa or nappa cabbage (\"Brassica rapa\" subsp.", "Napa cabbage __knowledge__ \"pekinensis\" or \"Brassica rapa\" Pekinensis Group) is a type of Chinese cabbage originating near the Beijing region of China, and is widely used in East Asian cuisine.", "Napa cabbage __knowledge__ Since the 20th century, it is also a widespread crop in Europe, America and Australia.", "Napa cabbage __knowledge__ In much of the world, this is the vegetable referred to as \"Chinese cabbage\".", "Napa cabbage __knowledge__ In Australia it is referred to as 'wombok'.", "Napa cabbage __knowledge__ The name \"napa\" comes from colloquial and regional Japanese, where refers to the leaves of any vegetable, especially when used as food.", "Napa cabbage __knowledge__ The Japanese name for this specific variety of cabbage is —literally \"white vegetable\"—a Sino-Japanese reading of the Chinese name.", "Cordyline australis __knowledge__ Cordyline australis, commonly known as the cabbage tree, cabbage-palm or , is a widely branched monocot tree endemic to New Zealand.", "Cordyline australis __knowledge__ It grows up to tall with a stout trunk and sword-like leaves, which are clustered at the tips of the branches and can be up to long.", "Cordyline australis __knowledge__ With its tall, straight trunk and dense, rounded heads, \"C. australis\" is a characteristic feature of the New Zealand landscape.", "Cordyline australis __knowledge__ Its fruit is a favourite food source for the New Zealand pigeon and other native birds.", "Cordyline australis __knowledge__ It is common over a wide latitudinal range from the far north of the North Island at 34° 25'S to the south of the South Island at 46° 30'S.", "Cabbage Patch Kids __knowledge__ Cabbage Patch Kids are a line of soft sculptured dolls sold by Xavier Roberts and registered in the United States copyright office in 1978.", "Cabbage Patch Kids __knowledge__ The doll brand was one of the most popular toy fads of the 1980s and one of the longest-running doll franchises in the United States.", "Cabbage Patch Kids __knowledge__ The characters appeared in many other Cabbage Patch merchandising products ranging from animated cartoons to record albums to board games.", "Cabbage Patch Kids __knowledge__ According to Roberts, as a 21-year-old art student, he utilized the quilting skills he learned from his mother and the historic technique of \"needle molding\" to develop his own line of fabric sculptures.", "Cabbage roll __knowledge__ A cabbage roll is a dish consisting of cooked cabbage leaves wrapped around a variety of fillings.", "Cabbage roll __knowledge__ It is common to the cuisines of the Balkans, Central, Northern, Eastern Europe, and Iran, as well as West Asia and Northern China.", "Cabbage roll __knowledge__ Meat fillings are traditional in Europe, often beef, lamb, or pork seasoned with garlic, onion, and spices.", "Cabbage roll __knowledge__ Grains such as rice and barley, eggs, mushrooms, and vegetables are often included.", "Cabbage roll __knowledge__ Pickled cabbage leaves are often used for wrapping, particularly in Southeastern Europe.", "Cabbage roll __knowledge__ In Asia, seafoods, tofu, and shiitake mushroom may also be used.", "Cabbage roll __knowledge__ Chinese cabbage is often used as a wrapping.", "Coleslaw __knowledge__ Coleslaw (from the Dutch term \"koolsla\" meaning 'cabbage salad'), also known as cole slaw or slaw, is a salad consisting primarily of finely-shredded raw cabbage with a salad dressing, commonly either vinaigrette or mayonnaise.", "Coleslaw __knowledge__ Coleslaw prepared with vinaigrette may benefit from the long lifespan granted by pickling.", "Coleslaw __knowledge__ Coleslaw may be served as a side dish, and is offered by some United States-based fast food chains.", "Coleslaw __knowledge__ There are many variations of the recipe, which include the addition of other ingredients such as red cabbage, pepper, shredded carrots, onion, grated cheese, pineapple, or apple, mixed with a salad dressing such as mayonnaise or cream.", "Lettuce __knowledge__ Lettuce (\"Lactuca sativa\") is an annual plant of the daisy family, Asteraceae.", "Lettuce __knowledge__ It is most often grown as a leaf vegetable, but sometimes for its stem and seeds.", "Lettuce __knowledge__ Lettuce is most often used for salads, although it is also seen in other kinds of food, such as soups, sandwiches and wraps; it can also be grilled.", "Lettuce __knowledge__ One variety, the \" (), or asparagus lettuce (celtuce), is grown for its stems, which are eaten either raw or cooked.", "Lettuce __knowledge__ In addition to its main use as a leafy green, it has also gathered religious and medicinal significance over centuries of human consumption.", "Lettuce __knowledge__ Europe and North America originally dominated the market for lettuce, but by the late 20th century the consumption of lettuce had spread throughout the world.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas traditions vary from country to country.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas celebrations for many nations include the installing and lighting of Christmas trees, the hanging of Advent wreaths, Christmas stockings, candy canes, and the creation of Nativity scenes depicting the birth of Jesus Christ.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas carols may be sung and stories told about such figures as the Baby Jesus, St Nicholas, Santa Claus, Father Christmas, Christkind or Grandfather Frost.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ The sending and exchange of Christmas card greetings, observance of fasting and special religious observances such as a midnight Mass or Vespers on Christmas Eve, the burning of a Yule log, and the giving and receiving of presents.", "Lacinato kale __knowledge__ Lacinato kale (called cavolo nero, literally \"black cabbage\", in Italian and often in English) is a variety of kale with a long tradition in Italian cuisine, especially that of Tuscany.", "Lacinato kale __knowledge__ It is also known as Tuscan kale, Tuscan cabbage, Italian kale, dinosaur kale, black kale, flat back cabbage, palm tree kale, or black Tuscan palm.", "Lacinato kale __knowledge__ Lacinato kale has been grown in Tuscany for centuries, and is one of the traditional ingredients of minestrone and ribollita.", "Lacinato kale __knowledge__ Lacinato kale grows tall and has dark blue-green leaves with an \"embossed texture\"; its taste is described as \"slightly sweeter and more delicate ... than curly kale.\"" ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 5 ]

[ "Kale, considered leaf cabbage, and are grown for their leaves, so we can eat them. They are good, do you like?", "Kale can be green or purple, and the main part doesn't have a head. I think the leaves are attractive in a salad.", "Kale is closely associated to cabbage, more than lettuce. ", "It's funny, but back in the middle ages, Kale was the most common green veggie in Europe." ]

[ "Kale", "Kale", "Kale", "Kale" ]

[ "Iceland\nHave you ever been to iceland? I have never been, but I would like to go sometime!", "That is such a varied place, how big is the country? it must have everything there, so many different weather phenomenons", "Do you know what their total population is? I may have to !", "Oh wow that is interesting, maybe it has something to do with all that crazy weather then!", "Yeah that is enough to deter me from living there lol, I would not wantt o get fried!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Iceland __knowledge__ Iceland (; , ) is a Nordic island country of Europe located in the North Atlantic Ocean.", "Iceland __knowledge__ It has a population of and an area of , making it the most sparsely populated country in Europe.", "Iceland __knowledge__ The capital and largest city is Reykjavík.", "Iceland __knowledge__ Reykjavík and the surrounding areas in the southwest of the country are home to over two-thirds of the population.", "Iceland __knowledge__ Iceland is volcanically and geologically active.", "Iceland __knowledge__ The interior consists of a plateau characterised by sand and lava fields, mountains, and glaciers, while many glacial rivers flow to the sea through the lowlands.", "Iceland __knowledge__ Iceland is warmed by the Gulf Stream and has a temperate climate, despite a high latitude just outside the Arctic Circle.", "Iceland __knowledge__ Its high latitude and marine influence keep summers chilly, with most of the archipelago having a tundra climate.", "Iceland __knowledge__ According to the ancient manuscript \"Landnámabók\", the settlement of Iceland began in 874 AD when the Norwegian chieftain Ingólfr Arnarson became the first permanent settler on the island.", "Iceland __knowledge__ In the following centuries, Norwegians, and to a lesser extent other Scandinavians, emigrated to Iceland, bringing with them thralls (i.e.", "Iceland __knowledge__ slaves or serfs) of Gaelic origin.", "Iceland __knowledge__ The island was governed as an independent commonwealth under the Althing, one of the world's oldest functioning legislative assemblies.", "Bobby Fischer __knowledge__ Robert James Fischer (March 9, 1943January 17, 2008) was an American chess grandmaster and the eleventh World Chess Champion.", "Bobby Fischer __knowledge__ Many consider him to be the greatest chess player of all time.", "Bobby Fischer __knowledge__ In 1972, he captured the World Chess Championship from Boris Spassky of the USSR in a match held in Reykjavík, Iceland, publicized as a Cold War confrontation, which attracted more worldwide interest than any chess championship before or since.", "Bobby Fischer __knowledge__ In 1975, Fischer refused to defend his title when an agreement could not be reached with FIDE, the game's international governing body, over one of the conditions for the match.", "Ronald Ryan __knowledge__ Ronald Joseph Ryan (21 February 1925 – 3 February 1967) was the last person to be legally executed in Australia.", "Ronald Ryan __knowledge__ Ryan was found guilty of shooting and killing warder George Hodson during an escape from Pentridge Prison, Victoria, in 1965.", "Ronald Ryan __knowledge__ Ryan's hanging was met with some of the largest public protests in the history of Australia and led to the end of capital punishment.", "Ronald Ryan __knowledge__ The death penalty was abolished in 1985.", "Ronald Ryan __knowledge__ Ronald Edmond Thompson was born at the Royal Women's Hospital in Melbourne's inner suburb of Carlton, to John Ronald Ryan and Cecilia Thompson (née Young).", "Ronald Ryan __knowledge__ Cecilia already had a son with her first husband George Harry Thompson and was living with John Ryan.", "Icesave dispute __knowledge__ The Icesave dispute was a diplomatic dispute that began after the privately owned Icelandic bank Landsbanki was placed in receivership on 7 October 2008.", "Icesave dispute __knowledge__ As \"Landsbanki\" was one of three systemically important financial institutions in Iceland to go bankrupt within a few days, the Icelandic Depositors' and Investors' Guarantee Fund (\"Tryggingarsjóður\") had no remaining funds to make good on deposit guarantees to foreign \"Landsbanki\" depositors who held savings in the Icesave branch of the bank.", "Icesave dispute __knowledge__ When \"Landsbanki\" was placed into receivership by the Icelandic Financial Supervisory Authority (FME), 343,306 retail depositors in the UK and Netherlands that held accounts in the \"Icesave\" branch of \"Landsbanki\" lost a total of €6.7bn of savings.", "Religion in Iceland __knowledge__ Religion in Iceland was initially the Norse paganism that was a common belief among mediaeval Scandinavians who started settling Iceland in the 9th century AD, until Christian conversion around 1000 AD, though paganism did not vanish then.", "Religion in Iceland __knowledge__ Starting in the 1530s, Iceland, originally Catholic and under the Danish crown, formally became Lutheran under the Icelandic Reformation, which culminated in 1550.", "Religion in Iceland __knowledge__ As such, Iceland has a state Church, the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Iceland, and religious freedom has been a legal right since 1874.", "Religion in Iceland __knowledge__ The state church is supported by the government, but all registered religions received support from a church tax paid by taxpayers over the age of 16 years.", "Index of Iceland-related articles __knowledge__ Articles (arranged alphabetically) related to Iceland include: - 1. deild karla - 2. deild karla - 3. deild karla - 4. deild karla - 101 Reykjavík - 12 Tónar - 1949 anti-NATO riot in Iceland - 24 stundir - 365 (media corporation) - 66°NORTH - A Little Trip to Heaven - A Man Like Me - Abortion in Iceland - Actavis - Administrative divisions of Iceland - Age of the Sturlungs - Agnar Helgason - Agreed Minute - Air Atlanta Icelandic - Air Iceland - Akranes - Akranesvöllur - Akureyrarvöllur - Akureyri Airport - Akureyri Junior College - Akureyri - Albert Guðmundsson - Albert Kristjansson - Aldeyjarfoss - Alfred Jolson - Alfreð Gíslason - All Out of Luck - Allt í drasli - Allt Sem Ég Á - Althing - Alþingishúsið - AM 738 4to - AM 748 I 4to - AMFJ - Amiina - Ampop - Andri Snær Magnason - Angel (Two Tricky song) - Angels of the Universe - Animamina - Apavatn - Apparat Organ Quartet - Architecture of Iceland - Arctic fox - Argja Bóltfelag - Ari Freyr Skúlason - Ari Guðmundsson - Ari Trausti Guðmundsson - Ari Þorgilsson - Arnaldur Indriðason - Arnamagnæan Manuscript Collection - Arnar Grétarsson - Arnar Gunnlaugsson - Arnar Jónsson (actor) - Arnar Jónsson (basketball) - Arnar Viðarsson - Arnavatnsheiði - Arngrímur Jónsson - Arnór Guðjohnsen - Arnórr jarlaskáld - Aron Gunnarsson - As Above... - Askja (building) - Askja - Asmund and Signy - Atlantic Cup (Europe) - Atlantic puffin - Atli Eðvaldsson - Atli Heimir Sveinsson - Attention (GusGus album) - Aud the Deep-Minded - Auðun Helgason - Auðunn Blöndal - Auður Jónsdóttir - August & Telma - Austur-Húnavatnssýsla - Austur-Skaftafellssýsla - Á Móti Sól - Ágúst Guðmundsson - Ágúst Gylfason - Ágúst Ævar Gunnarsson - Ágústa Eva Erlendsdóttir - Ágætis byrjun - Áki Ásgeirsson - Álafoss - Álfrún Gunnlaugsdóttir - Álftanes - Áramótaskaupið - Árborg - Árbæjarsafn - Árbær - Ármann Smári Björnsson - Árnagarður - Árneshreppur - Árnessýsla - Árni beiskur - Árni Bergmann - Árni Gautur Arason - Árni Helgason - Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies - Árni Magnússon - Árni Mathiesen - Árni Sigfússon - Árni Þorláksson - Árni Þórarinsson - Ásbirningar family clan - Ásbyrgi - Ásgeir Ásgeirsson - Ásgeir Helgason - Ásgeir Sigurvinsson - Ásgrímur Jónsson - Áskell Örn Kárason - Ásmundur Sveinsson - ÁTVR - Ba Ba Ti Ki Di Do - Bad Taste (record label) - Bakkafjörður - Bakkavör - Baldur Bett - Baldur Möller - Baldur Ragnarsson - Baldur Sigurðsson - Baldur, Manitoba - Baldwin Baldwinson - Baltasar Kormákur - Banana production in Iceland - Bandalag íslenskra skáta - Bandamanna saga - Bang Gang - Barðastrandarsýsla - Barðaströnd - Barði Jóhannsson - Barðsneshorn - Barnafossar - Basque–Icelandic pidgin - Battle of Haugsnes - Battle of Sauðafell - Battle of the Gulf - Battle of Víðines - Battle of Örlygsstaðir - Baugur Group - Baula - Bárðar saga Snæfellsáss - Bárðarbunga - Bellatrix (band) - Benedikt Sigurðsson Gröndal - Beowulf & Grendel - Berglind Ásgeirsdóttir - Bergsbók - Bergur Sigurbjörnsson - Bergþórshvoll - Bernard Bernard - Bersi Skáldtorfuson - Bessastadahreppur - Bessastaðir - Bifröst (town) - Bifröst University - Bill Sveinson - Bing Bang (Time to Dance) - Birgir Sigurðsson (writer) - Birgitta Haukdal - Birkir Bjarnason - Birkir Ívar Guðmundsson - Birkir Kristinsson - Bishop of Iceland - Bishop of Reykjavík (Catholic) - Bíldudalur - Bitið fast í vitið - Bjargtangar - Bjarki Gunnlaugsson - Bjarnar saga Hítdœlakappa - Bjarni Ármannsson - Bjarni Benediktsson (born 1908) - Bjarni Benediktsson (born 1970) - Bjarni Bjarnason - Bjarni Friðriksson - Bjarni Guðjónsson - Bjarni Herjólfsson - Bjarni Jónsson (artist) - Bjarni Jónsson - Bjarni Thorarensen - Bjarni Tryggvason - Bjarni Viðarsson - Björgólfur Guðmundsson - Björgólfur Hideaki Takefusa - Björgólfur Thor Björgólfsson - Björgvin Halldórsson - Björk (album) - Björk Guðmundsdóttir & tríó Guðmundar Ingólfssonar - Björk - Björn Bjarnason - Björn Gunnlaugsson - Björn Hjörtur Guðmundsson - Björn Jónsson - Björn Th.", "History of Iceland __knowledge__ The recorded history of Iceland began with the settlement by Viking explorers and their slaves from the east, particularly Norway and the British Isles, in the late ninth century.", "History of Iceland __knowledge__ Iceland was still uninhabited long after the rest of Western Europe had been settled.", "History of Iceland __knowledge__ Recorded settlement has conventionally been dated back to 874, although archaeological evidence indicates Gaelic monks had settled Iceland before that date.", "History of Iceland __knowledge__ The land was settled quickly, mainly by Norwegians who may have been fleeing conflict or seeking new land to farm.", "History of Iceland __knowledge__ By 930, the chieftains had established a form of governance, the \"Althing\", making it one of the world's oldest parliaments." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Iceland __knowledge__ Iceland (; , ) is a Nordic island country of Europe located in the North Atlantic Ocean.", "Iceland __knowledge__ It has a population of and an area of , making it the most sparsely populated country in Europe.", "Iceland __knowledge__ The capital and largest city is Reykjavík.", "Iceland __knowledge__ Reykjavík and the surrounding areas in the southwest of the country are home to over two-thirds of the population.", "Iceland __knowledge__ Iceland is volcanically and geologically active.", "Iceland __knowledge__ The interior consists of a plateau characterised by sand and lava fields, mountains, and glaciers, while many glacial rivers flow to the sea through the lowlands.", "Iceland __knowledge__ Iceland is warmed by the Gulf Stream and has a temperate climate, despite a high latitude just outside the Arctic Circle.", "Iceland __knowledge__ Its high latitude and marine influence keep summers chilly, with most of the archipelago having a tundra climate.", "Iceland __knowledge__ According to the ancient manuscript \"Landnámabók\", the settlement of Iceland began in 874 AD when the Norwegian chieftain Ingólfr Arnarson became the first permanent settler on the island.", "Iceland __knowledge__ In the following centuries, Norwegians, and to a lesser extent other Scandinavians, emigrated to Iceland, bringing with them thralls (i.e.", "Iceland __knowledge__ slaves or serfs) of Gaelic origin.", "Iceland __knowledge__ The island was governed as an independent commonwealth under the Althing, one of the world's oldest functioning legislative assemblies.", "Roni Horn __knowledge__ Roni Horn (born September 25, 1955) is an American visual artist and writer.", "Roni Horn __knowledge__ Horn's oeuvre, which spans almost four decades, encompasses sculpture, drawing, photography, language, and site-specific installation.", "Roni Horn __knowledge__ The granddaughter of Eastern European Jewish immigrants, she was born in New York where she lives and works.", "Roni Horn __knowledge__ Horn quit high school a year early at 16 and enrolled in the Rhode Island School of Design.", "Roni Horn __knowledge__ She received an MFA in sculpture from Yale University.", "Roni Horn __knowledge__ Since 1975 Horn has traveled often to Iceland, whose landscape and isolation have strongly influenced her practice.", "Roni Horn __knowledge__ Horn explores the mutable nature of art and identity through sculptures, works on paper, photography, and books.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Weather forecasting __knowledge__ Weather forecasting is the application of science and technology to predict the conditions of the atmosphere for a given location and time.", "Weather forecasting __knowledge__ Human beings have attempted to predict the weather informally for millennia and formally since the 19th century.", "Weather forecasting __knowledge__ Weather forecasts are made by collecting quantitative data about the current state of the atmosphere at a given place and using meteorology to project how the atmosphere will change.", "Weather forecasting __knowledge__ Once a human-only endeavor based mainly upon changes in barometric pressure, current weather conditions, and sky condition, weather forecasting now relies on computer-based models that take many atmospheric factors into account.", "Climate of Argentina __knowledge__ The climate of Argentina is a complex subject: the vast size of the country and considerable variation in altitude make for a wide range of climate types.", "Climate of Argentina __knowledge__ Argentina has four seasons: winter (June–August), spring (September–November), summer (December–February) and autumn (March–May), all featuring different weather conditions.", "Climate of Argentina __knowledge__ Summers are the warmest and wettest season in most of the country except in most of Patagonia where it is the driest season.", "Climate of Argentina __knowledge__ Winters are normally mild in the north, cool in the center and cold in the southern parts with the latter experiencing frequent frost and snow.", "Climate of Argentina __knowledge__ Because southern parts of the country are moderated by the surrounding oceans, the cold is less intense and prolonged than areas at comparable latitudes in the northern hemisphere.", "South African contract law __knowledge__ South African contract law is ‘essentially a modernised version of the Roman-Dutch law of contract’, which is itself rooted in canon and Roman laws.", "South African contract law __knowledge__ In the broadest definition, a contract is an agreement two or more parties enter into with the serious intention of creating a legal obligation.", "South African contract law __knowledge__ Contract law provides a legal framework within which persons can transact business and exchange resources, secure in the knowledge that the law will uphold their agreements and, if necessary, enforce them.", "South African contract law __knowledge__ The law of contract underpins private enterprise in South Africa and regulates it in the interest of fair dealing.", "2016 European floods __knowledge__ In late May and early June 2016 flooding began after several days of heavy rain in Europe, mostly Germany and France, but also Austria, Belgium, Romania, Moldova, Netherlands and the United Kingdom.", "2016 European floods __knowledge__ Among others, the German states of Bavaria, Hesse, Rhineland-Palatinate, Baden-Württemberg, and North Rhine-Westphalia were affected.", "2016 European floods __knowledge__ Beginning at the river Neckar, the Danube, Rhine, Seine and their tributaries were highly affected by high water and flooding along their banks.", "2016 European floods __knowledge__ At least 20 people have died to date.", "2016 European floods __knowledge__ The Baden-Württemberg village of Braunsbach was most heavily affected by the floods .", "Effects of global warming on human health __knowledge__ The effects of global warming include its gayon human health.", "Effects of global warming on human health __knowledge__ The observed and projected increased frequency and severity of climate related impacts will further exacerbate the effects on human health.", "Effects of global warming on human health __knowledge__ This article describes some of those effects on individuals and populations.", "Effects of global warming on human health __knowledge__ A good example of the impact of global warming on health can be seen in the disease Erythromelalgia.", "Effects of global warming on human health __knowledge__ This is a vascular disease that is commonly triggered by the involvement of change in temperature, which leads to syndromes including (first and second degree) burning pain, increased temperature, erythema and swelling, of mainly the hands and feet that are affected.", "Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve __knowledge__ Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve is a U.S. National Monument and national preserve in the Snake River Plain in central Idaho.", "Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve __knowledge__ It is along US 20 (concurrent with US 93 and US 26), between the small towns of Arco and Carey, at an average elevation of 5,900 feet (1,800 m) above sea level.", "Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve __knowledge__ The protected area's features are volcanic and represent one of the best-preserved flood basalt areas in the continental United States.", "Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve __knowledge__ The Monument was established on May 2, 1924.", "Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve __knowledge__ In November 2000, a presidential proclamation by President Clinton greatly expanded the Monument area.", "Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve __knowledge__ The National Park Service portions of the expanded Monument were designated as Craters of the Moon National Preserve in August 2002.", "Mount Edziza volcanic complex __knowledge__ The Mount Edziza volcanic complex is a large and potentially active north-south trending complex volcano in Stikine Country, northwestern British Columbia, Canada, located southeast of the small community of Telegraph Creek.", "Mount Edziza volcanic complex __knowledge__ It occupies the southeastern portion of the Tahltan Highland, an upland area of plateau and lower mountain ranges, lying east of the Boundary Ranges and south of the Inklin River, which is the east fork of the Taku River.", "Mount Edziza volcanic complex __knowledge__ As a volcanic complex, it consists of many types of volcanoes, including shield volcanoes, calderas, lava domes, stratovolcanoes, and cinder cones.", "Mount Edziza volcanic complex __knowledge__ Most of the Mount Edziza volcanic complex is encompassed within a large provincial park called Mount Edziza Provincial Park.", "Mount Adams (Washington) __knowledge__ Mount Adams, known by some Native American tribes as Pahto or Klickitat, is a potentially active stratovolcano in the Cascade Range.", "Mount Adams (Washington) __knowledge__ Although Adams has not erupted in more than 1,000 years, it is not considered extinct.", "Mount Adams (Washington) __knowledge__ It is the second-highest mountain in the U.S. state of Washington, after Mount Rainier.", "Mount Adams (Washington) __knowledge__ Adams is a member of the Cascade Volcanic Arc, and is one of the arc's largest volcanoes, located in a remote wilderness approximately east of Mount St. Helens.", "Mount Adams (Washington) __knowledge__ The Mount Adams Wilderness consists of the upper and western part of the volcano's cone.", "Mount Adams (Washington) __knowledge__ The eastern side of the mountain is designated as part of the territory of the Yakama Nation.", "Volcanic history of the Northern Cordilleran Volcanic Province __knowledge__ The volcanic history of the Northern Cordilleran Volcanic Province presents a record of volcanic activity in northwestern British Columbia, central Yukon and the U.S. state of easternmost Alaska.", "Volcanic history of the Northern Cordilleran Volcanic Province __knowledge__ The volcanic activity lies in the northern part of the Western Cordillera of the Pacific Northwest region of North America.", "Volcanic history of the Northern Cordilleran Volcanic Province __knowledge__ Extensional cracking of the North American Plate in this part of North America has existed for millions of years.", "Volcanic history of the Northern Cordilleran Volcanic Province __knowledge__ Continuation of this continental rifting has fed scores of volcanoes throughout the Northern Cordilleran Volcanic Province over at least the past 20 million years (see Geology of the Pacific Northwest) and occasionally continued into geologically recent times.", "Volcanology of Canada __knowledge__ Volcanology of Canada includes lava flows, lava plateaus, lava domes, cinder cones, stratovolcanoes, shield volcanoes, submarine volcanoes, calderas, diatremes, and maars, along with examples of more less common volcanic forms such as tuyas and subglacial mounds.", "Volcanology of Canada __knowledge__ It has a very complex volcanological history spanning from the Precambrian eon at least 3.11 billion years ago when this part of the North American continent began to form.", "Volcanology of Canada __knowledge__ Although the country's volcanic activity dates back to the Precambrian eon, volcanism continues to occur in Western and Northern Canada where it forms part of an encircling chain of volcanoes and frequent earthquakes around the Pacific Ocean called the Pacific Ring of Fire.", "Tibesti Mountains __knowledge__ The Tibesti Mountains are a mountain range in the central Sahara, primarily located in the extreme north of Chad, with a small extension into southern Libya.", "Tibesti Mountains __knowledge__ The highest peak in the range, Emi Koussi, lies to the south at a height of and is the highest point in both Chad and the Sahara.", "Tibesti Mountains __knowledge__ Bikku Bitti, the highest peak in Libya, is located in the north of the range.", "Tibesti Mountains __knowledge__ The central third of the Tibesti is of volcanic origin and consists of five shield volcanoes topped by large craters: Emi Koussi, Tarso Toon, Tarso Voon, Tarso Yega and Toussidé.", "Tibesti Mountains __knowledge__ Major lava flows have formed vast plateaus that overlie Paleozoic sandstone." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Iceland __knowledge__ Iceland (; , ) is a Nordic island country of Europe located in the North Atlantic Ocean.", "Iceland __knowledge__ It has a population of and an area of , making it the most sparsely populated country in Europe.", "Iceland __knowledge__ The capital and largest city is Reykjavík.", "Iceland __knowledge__ Reykjavík and the surrounding areas in the southwest of the country are home to over two-thirds of the population.", "Iceland __knowledge__ Iceland is volcanically and geologically active.", "Iceland __knowledge__ The interior consists of a plateau characterised by sand and lava fields, mountains, and glaciers, while many glacial rivers flow to the sea through the lowlands.", "Iceland __knowledge__ Iceland is warmed by the Gulf Stream and has a temperate climate, despite a high latitude just outside the Arctic Circle.", "Iceland __knowledge__ Its high latitude and marine influence keep summers chilly, with most of the archipelago having a tundra climate.", "Iceland __knowledge__ According to the ancient manuscript \"Landnámabók\", the settlement of Iceland began in 874 AD when the Norwegian chieftain Ingólfr Arnarson became the first permanent settler on the island.", "Iceland __knowledge__ In the following centuries, Norwegians, and to a lesser extent other Scandinavians, emigrated to Iceland, bringing with them thralls (i.e.", "Iceland __knowledge__ slaves or serfs) of Gaelic origin.", "Iceland __knowledge__ The island was governed as an independent commonwealth under the Althing, one of the world's oldest functioning legislative assemblies.", "White Latin Americans __knowledge__ White Latin Americans or European Latin Americans are Latin Americans who are considered white, typically due to European, or in some cases Levantine, descent.", "White Latin Americans __knowledge__ Latin American countries have often encouraged miscegenation, and even a small amount of European ancestry could entail significant upwards social mobility.", "White Latin Americans __knowledge__ People descended from European settlers who arrived in the Americas during the colonial and post-independence periods can be found throughout Latin America.", "White Latin Americans __knowledge__ Most of the earliest settlers were Spanish and Portuguese; after independence, the most numerous immigrants have been Spanish and Italians, followed by Germans, Levantine Semites, Poles, Irish, British, French, Russians, Belgians, Dutch, Scandinavians, Ukrainians, Hungarians, Croats, Swiss, Greeks, and other Europeans.", "List of most populous cities in the United States by decade __knowledge__ This list tracks and ranks the population of the top 10 largest cities and other urban places in the United States by decade, as reported by each decennial United States Census, starting with the 1790 Census.", "List of most populous cities in the United States by decade __knowledge__ For 1790 through 1990, tables are taken from the U.S Census Bureau's \"Population of the 100 Largest Cities and Other Urban Places in the United States: 1790 to 1990.\"", "List of most populous cities in the United States by decade __knowledge__ For year 2000 rankings, data from the Census Bureau's tally of \"Cities with 100,000 or More Population Ranked by Selected Subject\" is used.", "List of most populous cities in the United States by decade __knowledge__ The 2010 rankings are based on the 2010 census results.", "List of most populous cities in the United States by decade __knowledge__ The Census Bureau's definition of an \"urban place\" has included a variety of designations, including city, town, township, village, borough, and municipality.", "Population decline __knowledge__ A population decline (or depopulation) in humans is any great reduction in a human population such as long-term demographic trends, as in sub-replacement fertility, urban decay, white flight or rural flight, or due to violence, disease, or other catastrophes.", "Population decline __knowledge__ A reduction over time in a region's population can be caused by several factors including sub-replacement fertility (along with limited immigration), heavy emigration, disease, famine, and war.", "Population decline __knowledge__ History is replete with examples of large-scale depopulations.", "Population decline __knowledge__ Many wars, for example, have been accompanied by significant depopulations.", "Population decline __knowledge__ Before the 20th century, population decline was mostly observed due to disease, starvation or emigration.", "Demographics of Singapore __knowledge__ The demographics of Singapore include the population statistics of Singapore such as population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other demographic data of the population.", "Demographics of Singapore __knowledge__ As of June 2017, the island's population stood at 5.61 million.", "Demographics of Singapore __knowledge__ A large percentage of its population are non-residents; of its total population of 5.47 million in 2014, 3.87 million were residents (citizens plus permanent residents), 1.6 million non-residents.", "Demographics of Singapore __knowledge__ It is the second densest sovereign state in the world, after the microstate Monaco.", "Demographics of Singapore __knowledge__ Singapore is a multiracial and multicultural country with ethnic Chinese (76.2% of the citizen population), Malays (15.0%), and ethnic Indians (7.4%) making up the majority of the population.", "Quezon, Isabela __knowledge__ ', officially the ', is a in the province of , .", "Quezon, Isabela __knowledge__ According to the , it has a population of people.", "Quezon, Isabela __knowledge__ Quezon is a border town of Isabela with the province of Kalinga.", "Quezon, Isabela __knowledge__ It is bordered in the west by the City of Tabuk.", "Quezon, Isabela __knowledge__ Unlike some parts of Isabela like Santiago City, Echague and Alicia the history of the municipality of Quezon is relatively recent.", "Quezon, Isabela __knowledge__ The former municipalities have long been seats of rich and colorful historical events that influenced the lives of the people of Isabela since its creation on May 1, 1856 through a Royal Decree issued in honor of Queen Isabella II of Spain (reigned 1843 to 1868).", "2010 Zambian census __knowledge__ The 2010 Zambian census was conducted in Zambia in 2010 under the approval of the Government of Zambia, which recorded demographic data from 13 million people and 3.2 million households.", "2010 Zambian census __knowledge__ The 2010 Census of Population and Housing was conducted between 16 October and 15 November 2010, with all parts of the country covered by 30 November 2010.", "2010 Zambian census __knowledge__ It was the fifth national population census exercise of Zambia since its independence in 1964, with the previous censuses conducted in 1969, 1980, 1990 and 2000.", "2010 Zambian census __knowledge__ A total of 3.2 million questionnaires were used for data collection and the processing started in April 2011 by the Central Statistical Office.", "Religion in Russia __knowledge__ Religion in Russia is diverse, with a 1997 law naming Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, and Judaism as important in Russian history.", "Religion in Russia __knowledge__ Russia today designates four official \"traditional\" religions, Orthodox Christianity, Islam, Judaism and Buddhism.", "Religion in Russia __knowledge__ Orthodox Christianity (British English: Orthodox Catholics)(Russian: Православие \"Pravoslaviye\") is Russia's traditional and largest religion, deemed a part of Russia's \"historical heritage\" in the law passed in 1997.", "Religion in Russia __knowledge__ About 95% of the registered Orthodox parishes belong to the Russian Orthodox Church while there are a number of smaller Orthodox Churches., first of all churches of Old Believers.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Coke Machine Glow __knowledge__ Coke Machine Glow is the first solo album released by Gordon Downie, the singer for The Tragically Hip.", "Coke Machine Glow __knowledge__ It was released in 2001.", "Coke Machine Glow __knowledge__ Early copies of the album were released as a joint package with a book by Downie, also titled \"Coke Machine Glow\".", "Coke Machine Glow __knowledge__ The book included the song lyrics from the album and other poetry.", "Coke Machine Glow __knowledge__ As a result of the album's sales, the book is one of the best-selling volumes of poetry ever published by a Canadian writer.", "Coke Machine Glow __knowledge__ Downie's backing band on \"Coke Machine Glow\" was credited as \"the Goddamned Band\".", "Coke Machine Glow __knowledge__ Participating musicians included Julie Doiron, Josh Finlayson, Atom Egoyan and members of The Dinner Is Ruined.", "Tanja von Lahnstein __knowledge__ Tanja von Lahnstein (née Wittkamp, formerly von Anstetten, Rai and von Lahnstein) is a fictional character from the German soap opera \"Verbotene Liebe (Forbidden Love)\", played by actress Miriam Lahnstein.", "Tanja von Lahnstein __knowledge__ She made her first appearance on-screen on 21 June 1995 and left after three years in May 1998.", "Tanja von Lahnstein __knowledge__ Lahnstein returned to the role in 2001, where she was seen from 24 April to 5 October.", "Tanja von Lahnstein __knowledge__ She came back another three years later and reappeared on 16 April 2004.", "Tanja von Lahnstein __knowledge__ Lahnstein left the show for a short time, while being on contract, from June 2005 to March 2006 and from March to December 2007 during the pregnancy of her two children.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Having reformed from his violent ways, Bigby (a.k.a.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ the Big Bad Wolf) became the cigarette-smoking, trench coat-clad sheriff of Fabletown.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is extremely cunning and resourceful, in addition to being an excellent detective.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Due to Snow White's possession of a lycanthropy-stained knife, he is now a werewolf and can change between wolf form, human form and an intermediate \"wolfman\" stage at will (in \"The Great Fables Crossover\", it is revealed that Bigby's nature as one of the North Wind's sons allows him to change forms at will).", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is the son of the North Wind, and, as such, has control over the lower-tier winds, plus the \"huff and puff\" of legend.", "Hallgrímur Helgason __knowledge__ Hallgrímur Helgason (born February 18, 1959 in Reykjavík) is an Icelandic painter, novelist, translator, and columnist.", "Hallgrímur Helgason __knowledge__ Hallgrímur Helgason is an Icelandic writer and artist, born in Reykjavik, Iceland on February 18, 1959.", "Hallgrímur Helgason __knowledge__ He started out as a painter but gradually became a writer as well.", "Hallgrímur Helgason __knowledge__ His best known books are 101 Reykjavik (1996), The Hitman’s Guide to Housecleaning (2008) and The Thousand Degree Woman (2011).", "Hallgrímur Helgason __knowledge__ Two of his novels have been turned into films and four of them have been adapted for the stage.", "Hallgrímur Helgason __knowledge__ He has held over 30 solo exhibitions in Iceland, Sweden, Denmark and France, and his works can be found in the collections of several art museums." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Iceland __knowledge__ Iceland (; , ) is a Nordic island country of Europe located in the North Atlantic Ocean.", "Iceland __knowledge__ It has a population of and an area of , making it the most sparsely populated country in Europe.", "Iceland __knowledge__ The capital and largest city is Reykjavík.", "Iceland __knowledge__ Reykjavík and the surrounding areas in the southwest of the country are home to over two-thirds of the population.", "Iceland __knowledge__ Iceland is volcanically and geologically active.", "Iceland __knowledge__ The interior consists of a plateau characterised by sand and lava fields, mountains, and glaciers, while many glacial rivers flow to the sea through the lowlands.", "Iceland __knowledge__ Iceland is warmed by the Gulf Stream and has a temperate climate, despite a high latitude just outside the Arctic Circle.", "Iceland __knowledge__ Its high latitude and marine influence keep summers chilly, with most of the archipelago having a tundra climate.", "Iceland __knowledge__ According to the ancient manuscript \"Landnámabók\", the settlement of Iceland began in 874 AD when the Norwegian chieftain Ingólfr Arnarson became the first permanent settler on the island.", "Iceland __knowledge__ In the following centuries, Norwegians, and to a lesser extent other Scandinavians, emigrated to Iceland, bringing with them thralls (i.e.", "Iceland __knowledge__ slaves or serfs) of Gaelic origin.", "Iceland __knowledge__ The island was governed as an independent commonwealth under the Althing, one of the world's oldest functioning legislative assemblies.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ \"Wow Oh Wow\" is a song by Irish hip pop duo Jedward.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It is the third single released from their second album, \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It was released as a digital download on 18 November 2011.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song is written by Oritsé Williams of boy band JLS, and songwriters Johannes Joergensen, Savan Kotecha, Daniel Klein of Deekay.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ In September 2011, \"Wow Oh Wow\" was announced as the third single from \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ Jedward debuted the song on Irish chat show \"The Late Late Show\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song was released as a digital-only single.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The music video was directed by Dale \"Rage\" Resteghini and filmed in Los Angeles, California in October 2011.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Steven Paul Jobs (; February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American entrepreneur, business magnate, inventor, and industrial designer.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was the chairman, chief executive officer (CEO), and co-founder of Apple Inc.; CEO and majority shareholder of Pixar; a member of The Walt Disney Company's board of directors following its acquisition of Pixar; and the founder, chairman, and CEO of NeXT.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Jobs and Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak are widely recognized as pioneers of the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was born in San Francisco to parents who had to put him up for adoption at birth; he was raised in the San Francisco Bay Area during the 1960s.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Those Darlins was a rock and roll band from Nashville, Tennessee active between 2006 and 2016.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The group has released three albums, their alt-country-leaning self-titled debut \"Those Darlins\" in 2009, the garage rock influenced \"Screws Get Loose\" in 2011, and the more classic rock and roll \"Blur the Line\" in 2013.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The band also owns and operates its own record label, Oh Wow Dang Records.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The band entered into a hiatus in 2016.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Lead singer Jessi Zazu died from cancer on September 12, 2017.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Jessi Zazu, Nikki Kvarnes, and Kelley Anderson formed Those Darlins after meeting at the Southern Girls Rock & Roll Camp in Murfreesboro, Tennessee.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "Justin Chang __knowledge__ Justin Chang is an American film critic for the \"Los Angeles Times\".", "Justin Chang __knowledge__ Justin Chang grew up in Southern California and graduated from the University of Southern California.", "Justin Chang __knowledge__ Chang first became interested in film critique while in high school because he found it fascinating that \"two or three (or 40 or 50) intelligent people could watch a film and come away with completely different reactions to it.\"", "Justin Chang __knowledge__ Chang began his career as a film critic in 2010.", "Justin Chang __knowledge__ He currently works for the \"Los Angeles Times\", and is a regular contributor to \"FilmWeek\" and the NPR program \"Fresh Air\".", "Justin Chang __knowledge__ Previously, he was hired as an intern at \"Variety\" magazine in May 2004, and became a senior film critic for the magazine in 2010 before being promoted to its chief film critic in 2013.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"OMG\" is a song by American recording artist Usher and American rapper will.i.am, who also wrote and produced the song.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ It uses the auto-tune effect in several lines, as well as \"Jock Jams\"-esque sports arena chanting.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ It was released on March 22, 2010 as the first worldwide single off his sixth studio album, \"Raymond v. Raymond\", and the fourth single overall, following the three US singles \"Papers\", \"Hey Daddy (Daddy's Home)\", and \"Lil Freak\".", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was met with a mixed reception from critics, who criticized the use of auto-tune, but commended the song's dance and club vibe.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song marks the second time that Usher has collaborated with will.i.am, following the single \"What's Your Name\", from his previous album \"Here I Stand\" (2008).", "Netherlands __knowledge__ The Netherlands (; ), also known informally as Holland, is a country in Western Europe with a population of seventeen million.", "Netherlands __knowledge__ Together with three island territories in the Caribbean (Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba), it forms the main constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands.", "Netherlands __knowledge__ The European portion of the Netherlands consists of twelve provinces and borders Germany to the east, Belgium to the south, and the North Sea to the northwest, sharing maritime borders in the North Sea with Belgium, the United Kingdom, and Germany.", "Netherlands __knowledge__ The five largest cities in the Netherlands are Amsterdam, Rotterdam, The Hague, Utrecht (forming the Randstad megalopolis) and Eindhoven (leading the Brabantse Stedenrij).", "Sweden __knowledge__ Sweden ( ; ), officially the Kingdom of Sweden (Swedish: ), is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe.", "Sweden __knowledge__ It borders Norway to the west and north and Finland to the east, and is connected to Denmark in the southwest by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund.", "Sweden __knowledge__ At , Sweden is the third-largest country in the European Union by area.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Sweden has a total population of 10 million of which 2.3 million has a foreign background.", "Sweden __knowledge__ It has a low population density of ; the highest concentration is in the southern half of the country.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Approximately 85% of the population lives in urban areas.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Germanic peoples have inhabited Sweden since prehistoric times, emerging into history as the Geats (Swedish Götar) and Swedes (Svear) and constituting the sea peoples known as the Norsemen.", "Philippines __knowledge__ The Philippines (; or ' ), officially the Republic of the Philippines () is a unitary sovereign state and island country in Southeast Asia.", "Philippines __knowledge__ Situated in the western Pacific Ocean, it consists of about 7,641 islands that are categorized broadly under three main geographical divisions from north to south: Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao.", "Philippines __knowledge__ The capital city of the Philippines is Manila and the most populous city is Quezon City, both part of Metro Manila.", "Philippines __knowledge__ Bounded by the South China Sea on the west, the Philippine Sea on the east and the Celebes Sea on the southwest, the Philippines shares maritime borders with Taiwan to the north, Vietnam to the west, Palau to the east and Malaysia and Indonesia to the south.", "History of Palestine __knowledge__ The history of Palestine is the study of the past in the region of Palestine, generally defined as a geographic region in the Southern Levant between the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River (where Israel and Palestine are today), and various adjoining lands.", "History of Palestine __knowledge__ Situated at a strategic point between Europe, Asia, and Africa, and the birthplace of Judaism and Christianity, the region has a long and tumultuous history as a crossroads for religion, culture, commerce, and politics.", "History of Palestine __knowledge__ The Palestine region or parts of it have been controlled by numerous different peoples and regional powers, including the Canaanites, Amorites, Ancient Egyptians, Israelites, Moabites, Ammonites, Tjeker, Philistines, Assyrians, Babylonians, Persians, ancient Greeks, Romans, Byzantines, different dynasties of the Early Muslim period (Umayads, Abbasids, Seljuqs, Fatimids), Crusaders, Late Muslim dynasties (Ayyubids, Mamluks, Ottoman Turks), the British, Jordanians (1948–1967, on the \"West Bank\") and Egyptians (in Gaza), and modern Israelis and Palestinians.", "New England town __knowledge__ The New England town (generally referred to simply as a town in New England) is the basic unit of local government and local division of state authority in each of the six New England states and without a direct counterpart in most other U.S. states.", "New England town __knowledge__ New England towns overlay the entire area of a state, similar to civil townships in other states where they exist, but they are fully functioning municipal corporations, possessing powers similar to cities in other states.", "New England town __knowledge__ New Jersey's system of equally powerful townships, boroughs, towns, and cities is the system which is most similar to that of New England.", "Renewable energy in Scotland __knowledge__ The production of renewable energy in Scotland is an issue that has come to the fore in technical, economic, and political terms during the opening years of the 21st century.", "Renewable energy in Scotland __knowledge__ The natural resource base for renewable energy is extraordinary by European, and even global standards, with the most important potential sources being wind, wave, and tide.", "Renewable energy in Scotland __knowledge__ In 2015, Scotland generated 59% of its electricity consumption through renewable sources, exceeding the country's lofty goal of 50% renewable energy by 2015.", "Renewable energy in Scotland __knowledge__ Moving forward, the Scottish Government's energy plan calls for 100% of electricity consumption to be generated through renewable sources by 2020, and 50% of total energy consumption (including transportation) by 2030." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Iceland __knowledge__ Iceland (; , ) is a Nordic island country of Europe located in the North Atlantic Ocean.", "Iceland __knowledge__ It has a population of and an area of , making it the most sparsely populated country in Europe.", "Iceland __knowledge__ The capital and largest city is Reykjavík.", "Iceland __knowledge__ Reykjavík and the surrounding areas in the southwest of the country are home to over two-thirds of the population.", "Iceland __knowledge__ Iceland is volcanically and geologically active.", "Iceland __knowledge__ The interior consists of a plateau characterised by sand and lava fields, mountains, and glaciers, while many glacial rivers flow to the sea through the lowlands.", "Iceland __knowledge__ Iceland is warmed by the Gulf Stream and has a temperate climate, despite a high latitude just outside the Arctic Circle.", "Iceland __knowledge__ Its high latitude and marine influence keep summers chilly, with most of the archipelago having a tundra climate.", "Iceland __knowledge__ According to the ancient manuscript \"Landnámabók\", the settlement of Iceland began in 874 AD when the Norwegian chieftain Ingólfr Arnarson became the first permanent settler on the island.", "Iceland __knowledge__ In the following centuries, Norwegians, and to a lesser extent other Scandinavians, emigrated to Iceland, bringing with them thralls (i.e.", "Iceland __knowledge__ slaves or serfs) of Gaelic origin.", "Iceland __knowledge__ The island was governed as an independent commonwealth under the Althing, one of the world's oldest functioning legislative assemblies.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ This Is England '86 is a 2010 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne, a spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\".", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Set three years later, it focuses on the mod revival scene rather than the skinhead subculture, with the gang variously adopting an eclectic mix of clothing styles.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Like the film version previously, Thomas Turgoose stars as Shaun, with central roles played by Joe Gilgun as Woody, now a scooter-riding mod, although girlfriend Lol (Vicky McClure) and her friend Trev stay loyal to their roots and still wear the skinhead garb.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Lol's sister Kelly has gone new wave/punk, while other gang members adopt psychobilly, early chav and mohican influences.", "LOL __knowledge__ LOL, or lol, is an acronym for laugh(ing) out loud or lots of laughs, and a popular element of Internet slang.", "LOL __knowledge__ It was first used almost exclusively on Usenet, but has since become widespread in other forms of computer-mediated communication and even face-to-face communication.", "LOL __knowledge__ It is one of many initialisms for expressing bodily reactions, in particular laughter, as text, including initialisms for more emphatic expressions of laughter such as LMAO (\"laugh(ing) my ass off\") and ROFL (or its older form ROTFL; \"roll(ing) on the floor laughing\").", "LOL __knowledge__ Other unrelated expansions include the now mostly obsolete \"lots of luck\" or \"lots of love\" used in letter-writing.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ This Is England '90 is a 2015 British TV drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne and produced by Warp Films.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ A spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\", it is also a sequel to the series \"This Is England '86\" and \"This Is England '88\".", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ \"This Is England '90\" was originally due in late 2012, but in July 2012, Meadows announced that the production had been put on hold in order for him to complete his The Stone Roses, and the actors were still waiting for confirmation as to when filming would start.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ In March 2014, Meadows confirmed that shooting would start later in the year although he had not yet finished the script.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ Le ravissement de Lol V. Stein is a novel written by Marguerite Duras and published in France by Gallimard in 1964.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ The text was translated by Richard Seaver and published as \"The Ravishing of Lol Stein\" in the US by Grove Press in 1966.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ The text was also translated by Eileen Ellenbogen in the UK as \"The rapture of Lol V. Stein\" for Hamish Hamilton in 1967.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ At the beginning of the novel, Lol Stein (her middle initial is omitted in the English translation) is a woman in her thirties.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ She was born and raised in South Tahla in a bourgeois family and is engaged to Michael Richardson at 19.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ However, at a ball in the seaside resort of Town Beach, Michael Richardson leaves Lol for Anne-Marie Stretter, an older woman.", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ This Is England '88 is a 2011 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne as a spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\".", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ It is also a sequel to the 2010 television sequel-series \"This Is England '86\", set two and a half years later and starring as previously Thomas Turgoose as Shaun, Vicky McClure as Lol and Joe Gilgun as Woody.", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ Set during Christmas 1988, Lol is haunted by the devastating events that took place two and a half years before.", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ She and Woody both find themselves struggling to cope with their lives without each other after he leaves the gang.", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ Lol is carrying the burden of her guilt, whilst Woody is trying to build a domestic life with a new girlfriend and a potential promotion at work.", "LOL Smiley Face __knowledge__ \"LOL Smiley Face\" (styled as \"LOL :-)\") is a song by American recording artist Trey Songz.", "LOL Smiley Face __knowledge__ It features rappers Gucci Mane and Soulja Boy Tellem and serves as the second single from Songz' third studio album, \"Ready\".", "LOL Smiley Face __knowledge__ The artists co-wrote the song with its producers Troy Taylor and Tony Scales.", "LOL Smiley Face __knowledge__ \"LOL Smiley Face\" is an R&B song featuring bouncy, poppy synths, and lyrically refers to sexting and other electronic multimedia messaging.", "LOL Smiley Face __knowledge__ The song was released as the second single from Songz's third album \"Ready\" on August 24, 2009.", "LOL Smiley Face __knowledge__ The song received generally positive reviews from critics, who noted its catchy melody.", "Io (moon) __knowledge__ Io (Jupiter I) is the innermost of the four Galilean moons of the planet Jupiter.", "Io (moon) __knowledge__ It is the fourth-largest moon, has the highest density of all the moons, and has the least amount of water of any known astronomical object in the Solar System.", "Io (moon) __knowledge__ It was discovered in 1610 and was named after the mythological character Io, a priestess of Hera who became one of Zeus' lovers.", "Io (moon) __knowledge__ With over 400 active volcanoes, Io is the most geologically active object in the Solar System.", "Io (moon) __knowledge__ This extreme geologic activity is the result of tidal heating from friction generated within Io's interior as it is pulled between Jupiter and the other Galilean satellites—Europa, Ganymede and Callisto.", "Volcanology of Canada __knowledge__ Volcanology of Canada includes lava flows, lava plateaus, lava domes, cinder cones, stratovolcanoes, shield volcanoes, submarine volcanoes, calderas, diatremes, and maars, along with examples of more less common volcanic forms such as tuyas and subglacial mounds.", "Volcanology of Canada __knowledge__ It has a very complex volcanological history spanning from the Precambrian eon at least 3.11 billion years ago when this part of the North American continent began to form.", "Volcanology of Canada __knowledge__ Although the country's volcanic activity dates back to the Precambrian eon, volcanism continues to occur in Western and Northern Canada where it forms part of an encircling chain of volcanoes and frequent earthquakes around the Pacific Ocean called the Pacific Ring of Fire.", "Volcanology of Io __knowledge__ Volcanology of Io, a moon of Jupiter, is the scientific study of lava flows, volcanic pits, and volcanism (volcanic activity) on the surface of Io.", "Volcanology of Io __knowledge__ Its volcanic activity was discovered in 1979 by \"Voyager 1\" imaging scientist Linda Morabito.", "Volcanology of Io __knowledge__ Observations of Io by passing spacecraft (the \"Voyagers\", \"Galileo\", \"Cassini\", and \"New Horizons\") and Earth-based astronomers have revealed more than 150 active volcanoes.", "Volcanology of Io __knowledge__ Up to 400 such volcanoes are predicted to exist based on these observations.", "Volcanology of Io __knowledge__ Io's volcanism makes the satellite one of only four known currently volcanically active worlds in the Solar System (the other three being Earth, Saturn's moon Enceladus, and Neptune's moon Triton).", "Enceladus __knowledge__ Enceladus (; ) is the sixth-largest moon of Saturn.", "Enceladus __knowledge__ It is about in diameter, about a tenth of that of Saturn's largest moon, Titan.", "Enceladus __knowledge__ Enceladus is mostly covered by fresh, clean ice, making it one of the most reflective bodies of the Solar System.", "Enceladus __knowledge__ Consequently, its surface temperature at noon only reaches , far colder than a light-absorbing body would be.", "Enceladus __knowledge__ Despite its small size, Enceladus has a wide range of surface features, ranging from old, heavily cratered regions to young, tectonically deformed terrains that formed as recently as 100 million years ago.", "Enceladus __knowledge__ Enceladus was discovered on August 28, 1789, by William Herschel, but little was known about it until the two Voyager spacecraft, \"Voyager 1\" and \"Voyager 2\", passed nearby in the early 1980s.", "Outline of Iceland __knowledge__ The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Iceland: Iceland – sovereign island nation located in the North Atlantic Ocean between continental Europe and Greenland.", "Outline of Iceland __knowledge__ It is considered part of Northern Europe.", "Outline of Iceland __knowledge__ It is the least populous of the Nordic countries, having a population of about 329,000 (January 1, 2015).", "Outline of Iceland __knowledge__ Iceland is volcanically and geologically active on a large scale; this defines the landscape in various ways.", "Outline of Iceland __knowledge__ The interior mainly consists of a plateau characterized by sand fields, mountains and glaciers, while many big glacial rivers flow to the sea through the lowlands.", "Lassen Peak __knowledge__ Lassen Peak, commonly referred to as Mount Lassen, is the southernmost active volcano in the Cascade Range of the Western United States.", "Lassen Peak __knowledge__ Located in the Shasta Cascade region of Northern California, it is part of the Cascade Volcanic Arc, which stretches from southwestern British Columbia to northern California.", "Lassen Peak __knowledge__ Lassen Peak reaches an elevation of , standing above the northern Sacramento Valley.", "Lassen Peak __knowledge__ It supports many flora and fauna among its diverse habitats, which are subject to frequent snowfall and reach high elevations.", "Lassen Peak __knowledge__ A lava dome, Lassen Peak has a volume of making it one of the largest lava domes on Earth." ] ]

[ 6, 4, 2, 5, 69 ]

[ "No but I would love to go! I want to see the sand and lava fields as well as the glaciers. ", "Only the capital, Reykjavik and surrounding areas are really populated. It seems like you'd have to visit there for all your traveling needs. ", "No, I am not sure what the population is but I know it's the most sparsely populated country in Europe.", "I'm sure that plays a part in it as well as the fact that Iceland is volcanically and geologically active still. ", "I agree, also the volcanoes make up the landscape so trekking through the interior of the country would be difficult. " ]

[ "Iceland", "Iceland", "Iceland", "Iceland", "Iceland" ]

[ "Jane Austen", "Which of her books do you like most?", "Nice, good choice! What would you reccomend to a a first time reader of hers?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Jane Austen __knowledge__ Jane Austen (; 16 December 1775 – 18 July 1817) was an English novelist known primarily for her six major novels, which interpret, critique and comment upon the British landed gentry at the end of the 18th century.", "Jane Austen __knowledge__ Austen's plots often explore the dependence of women on marriage in the pursuit of favourable social standing and economic security.", "Jane Austen __knowledge__ Her works critique the novels of sensibility of the second half of the 18th century and are part of the transition to 19th-century literary realism.", "Jane Austen __knowledge__ Her use of biting irony, along with her realism and social commentary, have earned her acclaim among critics and scholars.", "Jane Austen __knowledge__ With the publications of \"Sense and Sensibility\" (1811), \"Pride and Prejudice\" (1813), \"Mansfield Park\" (1814) and \"Emma\" (1816), she achieved success as a published writer.", "Jane Austen __knowledge__ She wrote two additional novels, \"Northanger Abbey\" and \"Persuasion\", both published posthumously in 1818, and began another, eventually titled \"Sanditon\", but died before its completion.", "Jane Austen __knowledge__ She also left behind three volumes of juvenile writings in manuscript and another unfinished novel, The Watsons.", "Jane Austen __knowledge__ Her six full-length novels have rarely been out of print, although they were published anonymously and brought her moderate success and little fame during her lifetime." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Jane Austen __knowledge__ Jane Austen (; 16 December 1775 – 18 July 1817) was an English novelist known primarily for her six major novels, which interpret, critique and comment upon the British landed gentry at the end of the 18th century.", "Jane Austen __knowledge__ Austen's plots often explore the dependence of women on marriage in the pursuit of favourable social standing and economic security.", "Jane Austen __knowledge__ Her works critique the novels of sensibility of the second half of the 18th century and are part of the transition to 19th-century literary realism.", "Jane Austen __knowledge__ Her use of biting irony, along with her realism and social commentary, have earned her acclaim among critics and scholars.", "Jane Austen __knowledge__ With the publications of \"Sense and Sensibility\" (1811), \"Pride and Prejudice\" (1813), \"Mansfield Park\" (1814) and \"Emma\" (1816), she achieved success as a published writer.", "Jane Austen __knowledge__ She wrote two additional novels, \"Northanger Abbey\" and \"Persuasion\", both published posthumously in 1818, and began another, eventually titled \"Sanditon\", but died before its completion.", "Jane Austen __knowledge__ She also left behind three volumes of juvenile writings in manuscript and another unfinished novel, The Watsons.", "Jane Austen __knowledge__ Her six full-length novels have rarely been out of print, although they were published anonymously and brought her moderate success and little fame during her lifetime.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ Religious debates over the \"Harry Potter\" series of books by J. K. Rowling are based on claims that the novels contain occult or Satanic subtexts.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ A number of Protestant, Catholic, and Orthodox Christians have argued against the series, as have some Shia and Sunni Muslims.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ Supporters of the series have said that the magic in \"Harry Potter\" bears little resemblance to occultism, being more in the vein of fairy tales such as \"Cinderella\" and \"Snow White\", or to the works of C. S. Lewis and J. R. R. Tolkien, both of whom are known for writing fantasy novels with Christian subtexts.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ Far from promoting a particular religion, some argue, the \"Harry Potter\" novels go out of their way to avoid discussing religion at all.", "Book __knowledge__ A book is a series of pages assembled for easy portability and reading, as well as the composition contained in it.", "Book __knowledge__ The most common modern form of book is a codex volume consisting of rectangular paper pages bound on one side, with a heavier cover and spine, so that it can fan open for reading.", "Book __knowledge__ Books have taken other forms, such as scrolls, leaves on a string, or strips tied together; and the pages have been of parchment, vellum, papyrus, bamboo slips, palm leaves, silk, wood, and other materials.", "Book __knowledge__ The contents of books are also called books, as are other compositions of that length.", "Book __knowledge__ For instance, Aristotle's \"Physics\", the constituent sections of the Bible, and even the Egyptian \"Book of the Dead\" are called books independently of their physical form.", "Children's literature __knowledge__ Children's literature or juvenile literature includes stories, books, magazines, and poems that are enjoyed by children.", "Children's literature __knowledge__ Modern children's literature is classified in two different ways: genre or the intended age of the reader.", "Children's literature __knowledge__ Children's literature can be traced to stories and songs, part of a wider oral tradition, that adults shared with children before publishing existed.", "Children's literature __knowledge__ The development of early children's literature, before printing was invented, is difficult to trace.", "Children's literature __knowledge__ Even after printing became widespread, many classic \"children's\" tales were originally created for adults and later adapted for a younger audience.", "Deuterocanonical books __knowledge__ The deuterocanonical books (from the Greek meaning \"belonging to the second canon\") are the books and passages of the Christian Old Testament that are not part of the Hebrew Bible.", "Deuterocanonical books __knowledge__ The term, used since the 16th century by the Catholic Church and sometimes by Orthodox Christianity, distinguishes these texts from the protocanonical books, which are the books contained in the Hebrew canon.", "Deuterocanonical books __knowledge__ The distinction arose as a result of the debate in the early Church as to which texts should be classified as canonical.", "Deuterocanonical books __knowledge__ The term is used as a matter of convenience by the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church and other Churches to refer to books of their Old Testament which are not part of the Masoretic Text.", "Nancy Drew __knowledge__ Nancy Drew is a fictional American character in a mystery fiction series created by publisher Edward Stratemeyer as the female counterpart to his Hardy Boys series.", "Nancy Drew __knowledge__ The character first appeared in 1930.", "Nancy Drew __knowledge__ The books are ghostwritten by a number of authors and published under the collective pseudonym Carolyn Keene.", "Nancy Drew __knowledge__ Over the decades, the character evolved in response to changes in US culture and tastes.", "Nancy Drew __knowledge__ The books were extensively revised and shortened, beginning in 1959, in part to lower printing costs with arguable success.", "Nancy Drew __knowledge__ In the revision process, the heroine's original character was changed to be less unruly and violent.", "Harry Potter __knowledge__ Harry Potter is a series of fantasy novels written by British author J. K. Rowling.", "Harry Potter __knowledge__ The novels chronicle the life of a young wizard, Harry Potter, and his friends Hermione Granger and Ron Weasley, all of whom are students at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry.", "Harry Potter __knowledge__ The main story arc concerns Harry's struggle against Lord Voldemort, a dark wizard who intends to become immortal, overthrow the wizard governing body known as the Ministry of Magic, and subjugate all wizards and muggles, a reference term that means non-magical people.", "Harry Potter __knowledge__ Since the release of the first novel, \"Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone\", on 26 June 1997, the books have found immense popularity, critical acclaim, and commercial success worldwide.", "Sayaji Vaibhav Public Library Navsari __knowledge__ The Sayaji Vaibhav Public Library, located in Navsari.", "Sayaji Vaibhav Public Library Navsari __knowledge__ is one of the largest libraries of the Gujarat state.", "Sayaji Vaibhav Public Library Navsari __knowledge__ This is the only library in Gujarat to have received the prestigious Late Motibhai Amin Library Award five times by the Government of Gujarat.", "Sayaji Vaibhav Public Library Navsari __knowledge__ When a public institution completes a long successful journey of 100 years of existence and justifies its presence, the society gets obliged to it.", "Sayaji Vaibhav Public Library Navsari __knowledge__ The Shri Sayaji Vaibhav Library, which has spread the aroma of knowledge and inspiration among thousands of people in the vicinity of Navsari since 111 years, has not just been a library but has become a centre of knowledge in true sense with its wide-ranging activities.", "Reception history of Jane Austen __knowledge__ The reception history of Jane Austen follows a path from modest fame to wild popularity.", "Reception history of Jane Austen __knowledge__ Jane Austen (1775–1817), the author of such works as \"Pride and Prejudice\" (1813) and \"Emma\" (1815), has become one of the best-known and most widely read novelists in the English language.", "Reception history of Jane Austen __knowledge__ Her novels are the subject of intense scholarly study and the centre of a diverse fan culture.", "Reception history of Jane Austen __knowledge__ During her lifetime, Austen's novels brought her little personal fame.", "Reception history of Jane Austen __knowledge__ Like many women writers, she chose to publish anonymously, but her authorship was an open secret.", "Reception history of Jane Austen __knowledge__ At the time they were published, Austen's works were considered fashionable but received only a few reviews, albeit positive.", "Jane Austen in popular culture __knowledge__ The author Jane Austen, as well as her works, have been represented in popular culture in a variety of forms.", "Jane Austen in popular culture __knowledge__ Jane Austen (16 December 1775 – 18 July 1817) was an English novelist whose social commentary and masterly use of both free indirect speech and irony eventually made her one of the most influential and honoured novelists in English literature.", "Jane Austen in popular culture __knowledge__ In popular culture, Austen's novels and her personal life have been adapted into book illustration (starting in 1833), dramatizations (starting in 1895), Hollywood film (starting in 1940), television (starting in 1938), and professional theatre (starting in 1901), with adaptations varying greatly in their faithfulness to the original.", "Becoming Jane __knowledge__ Becoming Jane is a 2007 British-Irish biographical romantic drama film directed by Julian Jarrold.", "Becoming Jane __knowledge__ It depicts the early life of the English author Jane Austen and her lasting love for Thomas Langlois Lefroy.", "Becoming Jane __knowledge__ American actress Anne Hathaway stars as the title character, while her romantic interest is played by Scottish actor James McAvoy.", "Becoming Jane __knowledge__ Also appearing in the film are Julie Walters, James Cromwell and Maggie Smith.", "Becoming Jane __knowledge__ The film was produced in cooperation with several companies, including Ecosse Films and Blueprint Pictures.", "Becoming Jane __knowledge__ It also received funding from the Irish Film Board and the UK Film Council Premiere Fund.", "Georgian society in Jane Austen's novels __knowledge__ Georgian society in Jane Austen's novels is the ever-present background of her work, the world in which all her characters are set.", "Georgian society in Jane Austen's novels __knowledge__ Entirely situated during the reign of George III, the novels of Jane Austen describe their everyday lives, their joys and sorrows, as well as their loves, and provide in the process an irreplaceable insight into the period.", "Georgian society in Jane Austen's novels __knowledge__ Jane Austen's novels deal with such varied subjects as the historical context, the social hierarchies of the time, the role and status of the clergy, gender roles, marriage, or the pastimes of well-off families.", "Georgian society in Jane Austen's novels __knowledge__ Without even the reader noticing, many details are broached, whether of daily life, of forgotten legal aspects, or of surprising customs, thus bringing life and authenticity to the English society of this period.", "A Memoir of Jane Austen __knowledge__ A Memoir of Jane Austen is a biography of the novelist Jane Austen (1775–1817) published in 1869 by her nephew James Edward Austen-Leigh.", "A Memoir of Jane Austen __knowledge__ A second edition was published in 1871 which included previously unpublished Jane Austen writings.", "A Memoir of Jane Austen __knowledge__ A family project, the biography was written by James Edward Austen-Leigh but owed much to the recollections of Jane Austen's many relatives.", "A Memoir of Jane Austen __knowledge__ However, it was the decisions of her close friend and sister, Cassandra Austen, to destroy many of Jane's letters after her death that shaped the material available for the biography.", "A Memoir of Jane Austen __knowledge__ Austen-Leigh described his \"dear Aunt Jane\" domestically, as someone who was uninterested in fame and who only wrote in her spare time.", "Emma (novel) __knowledge__ Emma, by Jane Austen, is a novel about youthful hubris and the perils of misconstrued romance and was the last of her six novels to be completed, written while she was in Chawton.", "Emma (novel) __knowledge__ The story takes place in the fictional village of Highbury and the surrounding estates of Hartfield, Randalls, and Donwell Abbey and involves the relationships among individuals in those locations consisting of \"3 or 4 families in a country village\".", "Emma (novel) __knowledge__ The novel was first published in December 1815, with its title page listing a publication date of 1816.", "Emma (novel) __knowledge__ As in her other novels, Austen explores the concerns and difficulties of genteel women living in Georgian–Regency England; she also creates a lively comedy of manners among her characters and depicts issues of marriage, gender, age, and social status." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Jane Austen __knowledge__ Jane Austen (; 16 December 1775 – 18 July 1817) was an English novelist known primarily for her six major novels, which interpret, critique and comment upon the British landed gentry at the end of the 18th century.", "Jane Austen __knowledge__ Austen's plots often explore the dependence of women on marriage in the pursuit of favourable social standing and economic security.", "Jane Austen __knowledge__ Her works critique the novels of sensibility of the second half of the 18th century and are part of the transition to 19th-century literary realism.", "Jane Austen __knowledge__ Her use of biting irony, along with her realism and social commentary, have earned her acclaim among critics and scholars.", "Jane Austen __knowledge__ With the publications of \"Sense and Sensibility\" (1811), \"Pride and Prejudice\" (1813), \"Mansfield Park\" (1814) and \"Emma\" (1816), she achieved success as a published writer.", "Jane Austen __knowledge__ She wrote two additional novels, \"Northanger Abbey\" and \"Persuasion\", both published posthumously in 1818, and began another, eventually titled \"Sanditon\", but died before its completion.", "Jane Austen __knowledge__ She also left behind three volumes of juvenile writings in manuscript and another unfinished novel, The Watsons.", "Jane Austen __knowledge__ Her six full-length novels have rarely been out of print, although they were published anonymously and brought her moderate success and little fame during her lifetime.", "Hyperboloid __knowledge__ In geometry, a hyperboloid of revolution, sometimes called circular hyperboloid, is a surface that may be generated by rotating a hyperbola around one of its principal axes.", "Hyperboloid __knowledge__ A hyperboloid is a surface that may be obtained from a paraboloid of revolution by deforming it by means of directional scalings, or more generally, of an affine transformation.", "Hyperboloid __knowledge__ A hyperboloid is a quadric surface, that is a surface that may be defined as the zero set of a polynomial of degree two in three variables.", "Hyperboloid __knowledge__ Among quadric surfaces, a hyperboloid is characterized by not being a cone or a cylinder, having a center of symmetry, and intersecting many planes into hyperbolas.", "Hyperboloid model __knowledge__ In geometry, the hyperboloid model, also known as the Minkowski model or the Lorentz model (after Hermann Minkowski and Hendrik Lorentz), is a model of \"n\"-dimensional hyperbolic geometry in which points are represented by the points on the forward sheet \"S\" of a two-sheeted hyperboloid in (\"n\"+1)-dimensional Minkowski space and \"m\"-planes are represented by the intersections of the (\"m\"+1)-planes in Minkowski space with \"S\".", "Hyperboloid model __knowledge__ The hyperbolic distance function admits a simple expression in this model.", "Hyperboloid model __knowledge__ The hyperboloid model of the \"n\"-dimensional hyperbolic space is closely related to the Beltrami–Klein model and to the Poincaré disk model as they are projective models in the sense that the isometry group is a subgroup of the projective group.", "Hyperboloid structure __knowledge__ Hyperboloid structures are architectural structures designed using a hyperboloid in one sheet.", "Hyperboloid structure __knowledge__ Often these are tall structures such as towers where the hyperboloid geometry's structural strength is used to support an object high off the ground, but hyperboloid geometry is also often used for decorative effect as well as structural economy.", "Hyperboloid structure __knowledge__ The first hyperboloid structures were built by Russian engineer Vladimir Shukhov (1853–1939).", "Hyperboloid structure __knowledge__ The world's first hyperboloid tower is located in Polibino, Dankovsky District, Lipetsk Oblast, Russia.", "Hyperboloid structure __knowledge__ Hyperbolic structures have a negative Gaussian curvature, meaning they curve inward rather than outward or being straight.", "Antoni Gaudí __knowledge__ Antoni Gaudí i Cornet (; 25 June 1852 – 10 June 1926) was an architect from Reus, Catalonia, Spain.", "Antoni Gaudí __knowledge__ He is the best known practitioner of Catalan Modernism.", "Antoni Gaudí __knowledge__ Gaudí's works have a highly individualized and distinctive style.", "Antoni Gaudí __knowledge__ Most are located in Barcelona, including his main work, the church of the Sagrada Família.", "Antoni Gaudí __knowledge__ Gaudí's work was influenced by his passions in life: architecture, nature, and religion.", "Antoni Gaudí __knowledge__ He considered every detail of his creations and integrated into his architecture such crafts as ceramics, stained glass, wrought ironwork forging and carpentry.", "Antoni Gaudí __knowledge__ He also introduced new techniques in the treatment of materials, such as \"trencadís\" which used waste ceramic pieces.", "Hyperbolic space __knowledge__ In mathematics, hyperbolic space is a homogeneous space that has a constant negative curvature, where in this case the curvature is the sectional curvature.", "Hyperbolic space __knowledge__ It is hyperbolic geometry in more than 2 dimensions, and is distinguished from Euclidean spaces with zero curvature that define the Euclidean geometry, and elliptic geometry that have a constant positive curvature.", "Hyperbolic space __knowledge__ When embedded to a Euclidean space (of a higher dimension), every point of a hyperbolic space is a saddle point.", "Hyperbolic space __knowledge__ Another distinctive property is the amount of space covered by the \"n\"-ball in hyperbolic \"n\"-space: it increases exponentially with respect to the radius of the ball for large radii, rather than polynomially.", "Hyperbolic geometry __knowledge__ In mathematics, hyperbolic geometry (also called Bolyai–Lobachevskian geometry or Lobachevskian geometry) is a non-Euclidean geometry.", "Hyperbolic geometry __knowledge__ The parallel postulate of Euclidean geometry is replaced with: Hyperbolic plane geometry is also the geometry of saddle surface or pseudospherical surfaces, surfaces with a constant negative Gaussian curvature.", "Hyperbolic geometry __knowledge__ A modern use of hyperbolic geometry is in the theory of special relativity, particularly Minkowski spacetime and gyrovector space.", "Hyperbolic geometry __knowledge__ When geometers first realised they were working with something other than the standard Euclidean geometry they described their geometry under many different names; Felix Klein finally gave the subject the name hyperbolic geometry to include it in the now rarely used sequence elliptic geometry (spherical geometry), parabolic geometry (Euclidean geometry), and hyperbolic geometry.", "Beltrami–Klein model __knowledge__ In geometry, the Beltrami–Klein model, also called the projective model, Klein disk model, and the Cayley–Klein model, is a model of hyperbolic geometry in which points are represented by the points in the interior of the unit disk (or \"n\"-dimensional unit ball) and lines are represented by the chords, straight line segments with ideal endpoints on the boundary sphere.", "Beltrami–Klein model __knowledge__ The Beltrami–Klein model is named after the Italian geometer Eugenio Beltrami and the German Felix Klein while \"Cayley\" in Cayley–Klein model refers to the English geometer Arthur Cayley.", "Beltrami–Klein model __knowledge__ The Beltrami–Klein model is analogous to the gnomonic projection of spherical geometry, in that geodesics (great circles in spherical geometry) are mapped to straight lines.", "Sense and Sensibility __knowledge__ Sense and Sensibility is a novel by Jane Austen, published in 1811.", "Sense and Sensibility __knowledge__ It was published anonymously; \"By A Lady\" appears on the title page where the author's name might have been.", "Sense and Sensibility __knowledge__ It tells the story of the Dashwood sisters, Elinor (age 19) and Marianne (age 16 1/2) as they come of age.", "Sense and Sensibility __knowledge__ They have an older, stingy half-brother, John, and a younger sister, Margaret, 13.", "Sense and Sensibility __knowledge__ The novel follows the three Dashwood sisters as they move with their widowed mother from the estate on which they grew up, Norland Park, to their new home, Barton Cottage.", "Sense and Sensibility __knowledge__ The four women must move to a meagre cottage on the property of a distant relative, where they experience love, romance, and heartbreak.", "Sense and Sensibility (film) __knowledge__ Sense and Sensibility is a 1995 American period drama film directed by Ang Lee and based on Jane Austen's 1811 novel of the same name.", "Sense and Sensibility (film) __knowledge__ Actress Emma Thompson wrote the script and stars as Elinor Dashwood, while Kate Winslet plays Elinor's younger sister Marianne.", "Sense and Sensibility (film) __knowledge__ The story follows the Dashwood sisters, members of a wealthy English family of landed gentry, as they must deal with circumstances of sudden destitution.", "Sense and Sensibility (film) __knowledge__ They are forced to seek financial security through marriage.", "Sense and Sensibility (film) __knowledge__ Actors Hugh Grant and Alan Rickman play their respective suitors.", "Sense and Sensibility (film) __knowledge__ The film was released on December 13, 1995, in the United States.", "Sense and Sensibility (2008 miniseries) __knowledge__ Sense and Sensibility is a 2008 British television drama adaptation of Jane Austen's 1811 novel \"Sense and Sensibility\".", "Sense and Sensibility (2008 miniseries) __knowledge__ The screenplay was written by Andrew Davies, who revealed that the aim of the series was to make viewers forget Ang Lee's 1995 film \"Sense and Sensibility\".", "Sense and Sensibility (2008 miniseries) __knowledge__ The series was \"more overtly sexual\" than previous Austen adaptations, and Davies included scenes featuring a seduction and a duel that were absent from the feature film.", "Sense and Sensibility (2008 miniseries) __knowledge__ \"Sense and Sensibility\" was directed by John Alexander and produced by Anne Pivcevic.", "Sense and Sensibility (2008 miniseries) __knowledge__ Hattie Morahan and Charity Wakefield star as Elinor and Marianne Dashwood, two sisters who go on \"a voyage of burgeoning sexual and romantic discovery\".", "Reception history of Jane Austen __knowledge__ The reception history of Jane Austen follows a path from modest fame to wild popularity.", "Reception history of Jane Austen __knowledge__ Jane Austen (1775–1817), the author of such works as \"Pride and Prejudice\" (1813) and \"Emma\" (1815), has become one of the best-known and most widely read novelists in the English language.", "Reception history of Jane Austen __knowledge__ Her novels are the subject of intense scholarly study and the centre of a diverse fan culture.", "Reception history of Jane Austen __knowledge__ During her lifetime, Austen's novels brought her little personal fame.", "Reception history of Jane Austen __knowledge__ Like many women writers, she chose to publish anonymously, but her authorship was an open secret.", "Reception history of Jane Austen __knowledge__ At the time they were published, Austen's works were considered fashionable but received only a few reviews, albeit positive.", "Critique of Pure Reason __knowledge__ The Critique of Pure Reason (, KrV) (1781; second edition 1787) is a book by Immanuel Kant that is considered one of the most influential works in the history of philosophy.", "Critique of Pure Reason __knowledge__ Also referred to as Kant's \"First Critique\", it was followed by the \"Critique of Practical Reason\" (1788) and the \"Critique of Judgment\" (1790).", "Critique of Pure Reason __knowledge__ In the preface to the first edition Kant explains that by a \"critique of pure reason\" he means not \"a critique of books and systems, but of the faculty of reason in general, in respect of all knowledge after which it may strive independently of all experience.\"", "Critique of Pure Reason __knowledge__ Investigating the foundations and limits of human knowledge, and the extent to which the human mind is able to engage in metaphysics, Kant builds on the work of empiricist philosophers such as John Locke and David Hume, as well as rationalists such as Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz and Christian Wolff.", "Styles and themes of Jane Austen __knowledge__ Jane Austen's (1775–1817) distinctive literary style relies on a combination of parody, burlesque, irony, free indirect speech and a degree of realism.", "Styles and themes of Jane Austen __knowledge__ She uses parody and burlesque for comic effect and to critique the portrayal of women in 18th-century sentimental and gothic novels.", "Styles and themes of Jane Austen __knowledge__ Austen extends her critique by highlighting social hypocrisy through irony; she often creates an ironic tone through free indirect speech in which the thoughts and words of the characters mix with the voice of the narrator.", "Styles and themes of Jane Austen __knowledge__ The degree to which critics believe Austen's characters have psychological depth informs their views regarding her realism.", "Maria: or, The Wrongs of Woman __knowledge__ Maria: or, The Wrongs of Woman is the 18th-century British feminist Mary Wollstonecraft's unfinished novelistic sequel to her revolutionary political treatise \"A Vindication of the Rights of Woman\" (1792).", "Maria: or, The Wrongs of Woman __knowledge__ \"The Wrongs of Woman\" was published posthumously in 1798 by her husband, William Godwin, and is often considered her most radical feminist work.", "Maria: or, The Wrongs of Woman __knowledge__ Wollstonecraft's philosophical and gothic novel revolves around the story of a woman imprisoned in an insane asylum by her husband.", "Maria: or, The Wrongs of Woman __knowledge__ It focuses on the societal rather than the individual \"wrongs of woman\" and criticizes what Wollstonecraft viewed as the patriarchal institution of marriage in eighteenth-century Britain and the legal system that protected it." ] ]

[ 1, 5, 5 ]

[ "Jane Austen is such a great novelist.", "One of my favorites has got to be \"Sense of Sensibility\".", "I think I would recommend \"Mansfield Park\" overall." ]

[ "Jane Austen", "Jane Austen", "Jane Austen" ]

[ "Party City\nI used to work at party city.", "I do not live in NY. There are locations all over.", "I worked for one in Minnesota.", "It really is a neat store with a large selection.", "Yes I assume so also. When did he start the company anywa?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Party City __knowledge__ Party City is an American publicly traded retail chain of party supply stores founded in 1986 by Steve Mandell in East Hanover, New Jersey.", "Party City __knowledge__ Based in Elmsford, New York, the company is the largest retailer of party goods in the United States and Canada, operating over 900 company-owned and franchise outlets under the Party City, Halloween City, and Factory Card & Party Outlet brands.", "Party City __knowledge__ Founded by Steve Mandell in 1986, Mandell recognized that party goods was highly fragmented with a lot of small mom-and-pop operations, a large number of retailers carrying limited supplies, and no big players dominating the market.", "Party City __knowledge__ Mandell decided to specialize in the business when he struck out on his own to realize his long-cherished goal of running his own retail operation.", "Party City __knowledge__ After scraping together $125,000, he opened a store in East Hanover, New Jersey, naming it Party City.", "Party City __knowledge__ The operation was immediately successful and within a year Mandell started planning for a second location.", "Party City __knowledge__ He also began to hear from people asking to franchise the Party City concept, and as a result Party City began its evolution into a national chain.", "Party City __knowledge__ After his first year in business Mandell also decided to concentrate on Halloween, so that in 1987 a quarter of his store was turned into a \"Halloween Costume Warehouse.\"", "Citi Field __knowledge__ Citi Field is a baseball park located in Flushing Meadows–Corona Park in the New York City borough of Queens.", "Citi Field __knowledge__ Completed in , it is the home field of the New York Mets of Major League Baseball.", "Citi Field __knowledge__ Citi Field was built as a replacement for and adjacent to Shea Stadium, which opened in next to the site of the 1964 New York World's Fair.", "Citi Field __knowledge__ Citi Field was designed by Populous (then HOK Sport), and is named after Citigroup, a New York financial services company which purchased the naming rights.", "Citi Field __knowledge__ The $850 million baseball park was funded with $615 million in public subsidies, including the sale of New York City municipal bonds which are to be repaid by the Mets plus interest.", "Eastwood Village __knowledge__ Eastwood Village, formerly Eastwood Mall, was a shopping mall located in Birmingham, Alabama, United States.", "Eastwood Village __knowledge__ It was located between Montclair Road and Crestwood Boulevard (U.S. Highway 78), adjacent to I-20, between Mountain Brook and Irondale.", "Eastwood Village __knowledge__ When it opened on August 25, 1960, Eastwood Mall was the second enclosed shopping mall in the Southeastern United States, being built after North Carolina's Charlottetown Mall, which opened on October 28, 1959.", "Eastwood Village __knowledge__ It remained one of the leading malls in Birmingham for nearly three decades and continued to hold its own into the 1990s.", "Eastwood Village __knowledge__ Eastwood Mall was the creation of Newman H. Waters, who owned a chain of drive-in theaters in the Birmingham area, including one adjacent to where Eastwood was built.", "IParty __knowledge__ iParty was a chain of more than 52 retail stores in New England and the Tampa Bay Area of Florida that specialized in selling party-related merchandise, as well as seasonal items such as Halloween costumes, Christmas garland, and Easter baskets during the appropriate time of year.", "IParty __knowledge__ The company sold over 20,000 products.", "IParty __knowledge__ The chain was started in 1998 by husband and wife team Sal Perisano and Dorice Dionne.", "IParty __knowledge__ In March 2013, iParty announced that it had accepted an offer to be acquired by Party City in a deal worth around $38 million.", "IParty __knowledge__ The company cited financial issues stemming from the effects of Hurricane Sandy in late-2012 (which disrupted the Halloween season) as a motive for the decision to explore strategic alternatives.", "Norwich __knowledge__ Norwich (, also ) is a city on the River Wensum in East Anglia and lies approximately north-east of London.", "Norwich __knowledge__ It is the county town of Norfolk.", "Norwich __knowledge__ From the Middle Ages until the Industrial Revolution, Norwich was the largest city in England after London, and one of the most important.", "Norwich __knowledge__ The urban area of Norwich had a population of 213,166 according to the 2011 Census.", "Norwich __knowledge__ This area extends beyond the city boundary, with extensive suburban areas on the western, northern and eastern sides, including Costessey, Taverham, Hellesdon, Bowthorpe, Old Catton, Sprowston and Thorpe St Andrew.", "Norwich __knowledge__ The parliamentary seats cross over into adjacent local-government districts.", "Bernie Sanders __knowledge__ Bernard Sanders (born September 8, 1941) is an American politician serving as the junior United States Senator from Vermont since 2007; he is the longest-serving independent in U.S. congressional history.", "Bernie Sanders __knowledge__ Since his election to the House of Representatives in 1990, he has caucused with the Democratic Party, which has entitled him to congressional committee assignments and at times given Democrats a majority.", "Bernie Sanders __knowledge__ A self-described democratic socialist and a New Deal-era American progressive, Sanders is pro-labor and emphasizes reversing economic inequality.", "Bernie Sanders __knowledge__ Many scholars consider his views to be more in line with social democracy.", "Human Rights Party (United States) __knowledge__ The Human Rights Party (HRP) was a left-wing political party that existed in Michigan during the early and mid-1970s.", "Human Rights Party (United States) __knowledge__ The party achieved electoral success in Ann Arbor and Ypsilanti.", "Human Rights Party (United States) __knowledge__ It eventually expanded to include several other Michigan cities with large student populations.", "Human Rights Party (United States) __knowledge__ In 1975, the HRP became the Socialist Human Rights Party, and it later merged with the Socialist Party of Michigan.", "Human Rights Party (United States) __knowledge__ The organization was established in 1970 under the leadership of Zolton Ferency, and it quickly gained strength following the 1971 ratification of the Twenty-sixth Amendment to the Constitution, which gave 18-year-olds the right to vote." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Party City __knowledge__ Party City is an American publicly traded retail chain of party supply stores founded in 1986 by Steve Mandell in East Hanover, New Jersey.", "Party City __knowledge__ Based in Elmsford, New York, the company is the largest retailer of party goods in the United States and Canada, operating over 900 company-owned and franchise outlets under the Party City, Halloween City, and Factory Card & Party Outlet brands.", "Party City __knowledge__ Founded by Steve Mandell in 1986, Mandell recognized that party goods was highly fragmented with a lot of small mom-and-pop operations, a large number of retailers carrying limited supplies, and no big players dominating the market.", "Party City __knowledge__ Mandell decided to specialize in the business when he struck out on his own to realize his long-cherished goal of running his own retail operation.", "Party City __knowledge__ After scraping together $125,000, he opened a store in East Hanover, New Jersey, naming it Party City.", "Party City __knowledge__ The operation was immediately successful and within a year Mandell started planning for a second location.", "Party City __knowledge__ He also began to hear from people asking to franchise the Party City concept, and as a result Party City began its evolution into a national chain.", "Party City __knowledge__ After his first year in business Mandell also decided to concentrate on Halloween, so that in 1987 a quarter of his store was turned into a \"Halloween Costume Warehouse.\"", "New York State Route 5 __knowledge__ New York State Route 5 (NY 5) is a state highway that extends for across the state of New York in the United States.", "New York State Route 5 __knowledge__ It begins at the Pennsylvania state line in the Chautauqua County town of Ripley and passes through Buffalo, Syracuse, Utica, Schenectady, and several other smaller cities and communities on its way to downtown Albany in Albany County, where it terminates at U.S. Route 9 (US 9), here routed along the service roads for Interstate 787 (I-787).", "New York State Route 5 __knowledge__ Prior to the construction of the New York State Thruway, it was one of two main east–west highways traversing upstate New York, the other being US 20.", "New York State Route 32 __knowledge__ New York State Route 32 (NY 32) is a north–south state highway that extends for through the Hudson Valley and Capital District regions of the U.S. state of New York.", "New York State Route 32 __knowledge__ It is a two-lane surface road for nearly its entire length, with few divided and no limited-access sections.", "New York State Route 32 __knowledge__ From Harriman to Albany, it is closely parallel to Interstate 87 (I-87) and U.S. Route 9W (US 9W), overlapping with the latter in several places.", "New York State Route 32 __knowledge__ NY 32 begins at NY 17 on the outskirts of the New York metropolitan area in Woodbury just outside Harriman, and ends at NY 196 east of Hudson Falls just south of the Adirondacks.", "New York State Route 32 __knowledge__ In between, the road passes through the cities of Newburgh, Kingston, Albany, Cohoes, and Glens Falls.", "New York State Route 31 __knowledge__ New York State Route 31 (NY 31) is a state highway that extends for across western and central New York in the United States.", "New York State Route 31 __knowledge__ The western terminus of the route is at an intersection with NY 104 in the city of Niagara Falls.", "New York State Route 31 __knowledge__ Its eastern terminus is at a traffic circle with NY 26 in Vernon Center, a hamlet within the town of Vernon.", "New York State Route 31 __knowledge__ Over its routing, NY 31 spans 10 counties and indirectly connects three major urban areas in Upstate New York: Buffalo–Niagara Falls, Rochester, and Syracuse.", "New York State Route 31 __knowledge__ The route is one of the longest routes in New York State, paralleling two similarly lengthy routes, NY 104 to the north and NY 5 to the south, as well as the Erie Canal, as it proceeds east.", "U.S. Route 20 in New York __knowledge__ U.S. Route 20 (US 20) is a part of the U.S. Highway System that runs from Newport, Oregon, to Boston, Massachusetts.", "U.S. Route 20 in New York __knowledge__ In the U.S. state of New York, US 20 extends from the Pennsylvania state line at Ripley to the Massachusetts state line in the Berkshire Mountains.", "U.S. Route 20 in New York __knowledge__ US 20 is the longest surface road in New York.", "U.S. Route 20 in New York __knowledge__ It runs near the Lake Erie shore from Ripley to Buffalo and passes through the southern suburbs of Buffalo, the Finger Lakes, the glacial moraines of Central New York, and the city of Albany before crossing into Massachusetts.", "U.S. Route 20 in New York __knowledge__ US 20 connects to all three major north–south Interstate Highways in Upstate New York: Interstate 390 (I-390) near Avon, I-81 south of Syracuse, and I-87 in Albany by way of Fuller Road Alternate.", "New York State Route 3 __knowledge__ New York State Route 3 (NY 3) is a major east–west state highway in New York, in the United States, that connects central New York to the North Country region near the Canada–US border via Adirondack Park.", "New York State Route 3 __knowledge__ The route extends for between its western terminus at an intersection with NY 104A in the Cayuga County town of Sterling and its eastern terminus at a junction with U.S. Route 9 (US 9) in the Clinton County city of Plattsburgh.", "New York State Route 3 __knowledge__ NY 3 traverses eight counties and is a lakeside roadway from Mexico to Sackets Harbor, a mountainous route in Adirondack Park, and an urban arterial in Fulton, Watertown, and Plattsburgh.", "New York State Route 55 __knowledge__ New York State Route 55 (NY 55) is a state highway in southern New York, running from the Pennsylvania state line at the Delaware River in Barryville to the Connecticut state line at Wingdale.", "New York State Route 55 __knowledge__ It is the only other state highway beside NY 7 to completely cross the state, from border to border, in an east–west direction, although NY 17 does so and is partially east–west.", "New York State Route 55 __knowledge__ It also forms a concurrency when it joins US 44 for 33 miles (53 km).", "New York State Route 55 __knowledge__ Together with NY 52, which it closely parallels and briefly joins in downtown Liberty, it forms the latitudinal backbone of the Hudson Valley region for non-interstate traffic.", "New York State Route 52 __knowledge__ New York State Route 52 (NY 52) is a state highway in the southeastern part of the state.", "New York State Route 52 __knowledge__ It generally runs from west to east, beginning at the Pennsylvania state line in the Delaware River near Narrowsburg, crossing the Hudson River on the Newburgh–Beacon Bridge, and ending in Carmel.", "New York State Route 52 __knowledge__ NY 52 and NY 55, both major east–west routes of the Mid-Hudson Region, run parallel to each other, intersecting in downtown Liberty.", "New York State Route 52 __knowledge__ With the exception of the section overlapping Interstate 84 (I-84), most of Route 52 is a two-lane road through lightly developed rural areas.", "New York State Route 52 __knowledge__ The road west of the Hudson River serves a number of small communities in the southern Catskills, while it closely parallels I-84 east of the Hudson.", "Great Sounds Great, Good Sounds Good, So-so Sounds So-so, Bad Sounds Bad, Rotten Sounds Rotten __knowledge__ Great Sounds Great, Good Sounds Good, So-so Sounds So-so, Bad Sounds Bad, Rotten Sounds Rotten (usually simply known as Great Sounds Great) is the second EP released by The Clean, a lo-fi rock band from Dunedin, New Zealand.", "Great Sounds Great, Good Sounds Good, So-so Sounds So-so, Bad Sounds Bad, Rotten Sounds Rotten __knowledge__ It was released by Flying Nun Records on 12\" vinyl in 1982.", "Great Sounds Great, Good Sounds Good, So-so Sounds So-so, Bad Sounds Bad, Rotten Sounds Rotten __knowledge__ The EP is included in its entirety, and in the same running order, as part of The Clean's 2003 CD release Anthology.", "Yaya Diallo __knowledge__ Yaya Diallo is a musician and author from the Republic of Mali.", "Yaya Diallo __knowledge__ Yaya Diallo was born in 1946 in the village of Fienso (French Sudan) now Mali, to a nomadic Fula father and a Minianka mother.", "Yaya Diallo __knowledge__ Yaya was raised in a culture that works, worships, lives and breathes to the beat of the drum.", "Yaya Diallo __knowledge__ Thanks to his mother, being from the illustrious Berthe family (hunters, county chiefs, musicians…), young Yaya had the opportunity to hear some of the best musicians of the former canton Zangasso.", "Yaya Diallo __knowledge__ The old musician, healer and sorcerer Nangape Kone became his protector and mentor.", "Yaya Diallo __knowledge__ Arriving in Montreal, Canada, in 1967, Yaya graduated from the University of Montreal in Chemistry in 1973.", "New York State Route 104 __knowledge__ New York State Route 104 (NY 104) is a long east–west state highway in Upstate New York in the United States.", "New York State Route 104 __knowledge__ It spans six counties and enters the vicinity of four cities—Niagara Falls, Lockport, Rochester, and Oswego—as it follows a routing largely parallel to the southern shoreline of Lake Ontario, along a ridge of the old shoreline of Glacial Lake Iroquois.", "New York State Route 104 __knowledge__ The western terminus of NY 104 is an intersection with NY 384 in Niagara Falls, Niagara County, while its eastern terminus is a junction with NY 13 in the town of Williamstown, Oswego County.", "New York State Route 104 __knowledge__ The portion of NY 104 between Rochester and the village of Webster east of the city is a limited-access highway known as the Keeler Street Expressway west of NY 590 and the Irondequoit–Wayne County Expressway east of NY 590; from Williamson to Oswego, NY 104 is a super two highway.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Pet Sounds is the eleventh studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released on May 16, 1966.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ It initially met with a lukewarm critical and commercial response in the United States, peaking at number 10 in the \"Billboard\" 200, a significantly lower placement than the band's preceding albums.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the album was hailed by its music press and was an immediate commercial success, peaking at number 2 in the UK Top 40 Albums Chart and remaining among the top ten positions for six months.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Originally promoted as \"the most progressive pop album ever\", \"Pet Sounds\" attracted recognition for its ambitious recording and unusually sophisticated music, and is widely considered to be one of the most influential albums in music history." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Party City __knowledge__ Party City is an American publicly traded retail chain of party supply stores founded in 1986 by Steve Mandell in East Hanover, New Jersey.", "Party City __knowledge__ Based in Elmsford, New York, the company is the largest retailer of party goods in the United States and Canada, operating over 900 company-owned and franchise outlets under the Party City, Halloween City, and Factory Card & Party Outlet brands.", "Party City __knowledge__ Founded by Steve Mandell in 1986, Mandell recognized that party goods was highly fragmented with a lot of small mom-and-pop operations, a large number of retailers carrying limited supplies, and no big players dominating the market.", "Party City __knowledge__ Mandell decided to specialize in the business when he struck out on his own to realize his long-cherished goal of running his own retail operation.", "Party City __knowledge__ After scraping together $125,000, he opened a store in East Hanover, New Jersey, naming it Party City.", "Party City __knowledge__ The operation was immediately successful and within a year Mandell started planning for a second location.", "Party City __knowledge__ He also began to hear from people asking to franchise the Party City concept, and as a result Party City began its evolution into a national chain.", "Party City __knowledge__ After his first year in business Mandell also decided to concentrate on Halloween, so that in 1987 a quarter of his store was turned into a \"Halloween Costume Warehouse.\"", "Minnesota __knowledge__ Minnesota () is a state in the midwestern and northern regions of the United States.", "Minnesota __knowledge__ Minnesota was admitted as the 32nd U.S. state on May 11, 1858, created from the eastern half of the Minnesota Territory.", "Minnesota __knowledge__ The state has a large number of lakes, and is known by the slogan \"Land of 10,000 Lakes\".", "Minnesota __knowledge__ Its official motto is \"L'Étoile du Nord\" (French: \"Star of the North\").", "Minnesota __knowledge__ Minnesota is the 12th largest in area and the 22nd most populous of the U.S. states; nearly 60 percent of its residents live in the Minneapolis–Saint Paul metropolitan area (known as the \"Twin Cities\"), the center of transportation, business, industry, education, and government and home to an internationally known arts community.", "History of Minnesota __knowledge__ The history of the U.S. state of Minnesota is shaped by its original Native American residents, European exploration and settlement, and the emergence of industries made possible by the state's natural resources.", "History of Minnesota __knowledge__ Minnesota achieved prominence through fur trading, logging, and farming, and later through railroads, and iron mining.", "History of Minnesota __knowledge__ While those industries remain important, the state's economy is now driven by banking, computers, and health care.", "History of Minnesota __knowledge__ The earliest known settlers followed herds of large game to the region during the last glacial period.", "History of Minnesota __knowledge__ They preceded the Anishinaabe, the Dakota, and other Native American inhabitants.", "Territorial era of Minnesota __knowledge__ The territorial era of Minnesota lasted from the Louisiana Purchase in 1803 to Minnesota's achieving statehood in 1858.", "Territorial era of Minnesota __knowledge__ The Minnesota Territory itself was formed only in 1849 but the area had a rich history well before this.", "Territorial era of Minnesota __knowledge__ Though there was a long history of European presence in the area before 19th century, it was during the 19th century that the United States began to establish a firm presence in what would become Minnesota.", "Territorial era of Minnesota __knowledge__ Many of the facets of Minnesota culture that are perceived as the area's \"early\" history in fact originated after this period.", "Territorial era of Minnesota __knowledge__ Notably, the heavy Scandinavian immigration for which the state is known, and the pioneering days chronicled by author Laura Ingalls Wilder occurred after statehood in the later 19th century.", "Climate of Minnesota __knowledge__ Minnesota has a continental climate, with hot summers and cold winters.", "Climate of Minnesota __knowledge__ Minnesota's location in the Upper Midwest allows it to experience some of the widest variety of weather in the United States, with each of the four seasons having its own distinct characteristics.", "Climate of Minnesota __knowledge__ The areas near Lake Superior in the Minnesota Arrowhead region experience weather unique from the rest of the state.", "Climate of Minnesota __knowledge__ The moderating effect of Lake Superior keeps the surrounding area relatively cooler in the summer and relatively warmer in the winter, giving that region a smaller yearly temperature range.", "Climate of Minnesota __knowledge__ On the Köppen climate classification, much of the southern third of Minnesota—roughly from the Twin Cities region southward—falls in the hot summer humid continental climate zone (\"Dfa\"), and the northern two-thirds of Minnesota falls in the warm summer great continental climate zone (\"Dfb\").", "Sports in Minnesota __knowledge__ Sports in Minnesota include professional teams in all major sports, Olympic Games contenders and medalists, especially in the Winter Olympics, collegiate teams in major and small-school conferences and associations and active amateur teams and individual sports.", "Sports in Minnesota __knowledge__ The State of Minnesota has a team in all four major professional leagues (Major League Baseball [MLB], National Football League [NFL], National Basketball Association [NBA] and National Hockey League [NHL]), and the University of Minnesota is part of the oldest major college conference still running (the Big Ten).", "Sports in Minnesota __knowledge__ The Minnesota Twins are an MLB team that moved to Minnesota in 1961 from Washington D.C., where they were known as the Washington Senators.", "Tim Pawlenty __knowledge__ Timothy James \"Tim\" Pawlenty (; born November 27, 1960) is president and CEO of Financial Services Roundtable, a Washington, D.C.-based industry advocacy group.", "Tim Pawlenty __knowledge__ He was a Republican politician who served as the 39th Governor of Minnesota (2003–2011).", "Tim Pawlenty __knowledge__ He previously served in the Minnesota House of Representatives (1993–2003), where he was majority leader for two terms.", "Tim Pawlenty __knowledge__ In 2011, he entered the campaign for the Republican presidential nomination and later was a potential vice presidential nominee before serving as co-chair of Mitt Romney's campaign.", "Tim Pawlenty __knowledge__ Pawlenty was born in Saint Paul, Minnesota, and raised in nearby South St. Paul.", "Satveer Chaudhary __knowledge__ Satveer Singh Chaudhary (born June 12, 1969) is an American politician and a former member of the Minnesota State Senate and the Minnesota House of Representatives serving from 1996 to 2010.", "Satveer Chaudhary __knowledge__ During his fourteen-year tenure, Chaudhary represented portions of Anoka and Ramsey counties in the northern Minneapolis and St Paul metropolitan area.", "Satveer Chaudhary __knowledge__ The Senate District at the time of his departure from politics was known as Senate District 50, but Chaudhary also represented the area in the Minnesota House from 1997-2000 in District 52A; and in the Senate 2001-2002 District 52.", "Satveer Chaudhary __knowledge__ He is a member of the Minnesota Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party.", "Touchpoint __knowledge__ A touchpoint can be defined as any way a consumer can interact with a business, whether it be person-to-person, through a website, an app or any form of communication (“Touchpoint Glossary”, n.d.).", "Touchpoint __knowledge__ When consumers come in contact with these touchpoints it gives them the opportunity to compare their prior perceptions of the business and form an opinion (Stein, & Ramaseshan, 2016).", "Touchpoint __knowledge__ Touchpoints in marketing communications are the varying ways that a brand interacts and displays information to prospective customers and current customers.", "Touchpoint __knowledge__ Touchpoints allow customers to have experiences every time they “touch’ any part of the product, service, brand or organization, across multiple channels and various points in time (Pantano and Milena, 2015 and Zomerdijk and Voss, 2010).", "The Revival __knowledge__ The Revival is the second studio album by American R&B group Tony!", "The Revival __knowledge__ Toni!", "The Revival __knowledge__ Toné!, released on May 8, 1990, by Wing Records.", "The Revival __knowledge__ It is the follow-up to their modestly successful debut album \"Who?\"", "The Revival __knowledge__ (1988).", "The Revival __knowledge__ The album was produced and arranged primarily by Tony!", "The Revival __knowledge__ Toni!", "The Revival __knowledge__ Toné!, with additional production by Foster & McElroy, who previously produced \"Who?\".", "The Revival __knowledge__ The group recorded \"The Revival\" at several studios in California and used a Synclavier music workstation.", "The Revival __knowledge__ A new jack swing album, \"The Revival\" features R&B music that draws on funk and older soul influences.", "The Revival __knowledge__ Its songs incorporate eccentric sounds and stylistic elements from jazz and hip hop, including improvisational sounds, conversational vocals, and digital samples.", "Sounds Good Feels Good __knowledge__ Sounds Good Feels Good is the second studio album by Australian rock band 5 Seconds of Summer.", "Sounds Good Feels Good __knowledge__ It was released on 23 October 2015 through the labels Hi or Hey and Capitol Records.", "Sounds Good Feels Good __knowledge__ Recording sessions took place from 2014 to 2015, in the United States.", "Sounds Good Feels Good __knowledge__ Record production of the album was handled by John Feldmann, The Monsters and the Strangerz, David Hodges and Mike Green.", "Sounds Good Feels Good __knowledge__ Recording and writing started after the band became popular worldwide with the release of their debut album, \"5 Seconds of Summer\", and two of its singles in particular, \"She Looks So Perfect\" and \"Amnesia\".", "Sounds Good Feels Good __knowledge__ Following the release of their live album \"LiveSOS\" in 2014, 5 Seconds of Summer took a break for the holidays.", "Still Feels Good __knowledge__ Still Feels Good is the fifth studio album released by the American country music group Rascal Flatts.", "Still Feels Good __knowledge__ It was released September 25, 2007 on Lyric Street Records.", "Still Feels Good __knowledge__ It sold 2,192,000 copies in the United States up to May 2009 and was certified 2× Platinum by the RIAA.", "Still Feels Good __knowledge__ Target Corporation stores released a bonus five-track CD along with \"Still Feels Good\" which includes four songs written by the group, as well as a remix of their 2006 single \"My Wish\".", "Still Feels Good __knowledge__ The album has produced five singles on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Songs charts.", "Still Feels Good __knowledge__ The first of these singles, \"Take Me There\", was co-written by Kenny Chesney, and reached Number One on the country charts in mid-2007.", "Sure Feels Good (album) __knowledge__ Sure Feels Good is the twentieth studio album released by American country artist Barbara Mandrell.", "Sure Feels Good (album) __knowledge__ The album was released in August 1987 on EMI America Records and was produced by Tom Collins.", "Sure Feels Good (album) __knowledge__ It was Mandrell's first album released under EMI America since leaving MCA Records one year earlier.", "Sure Feels Good (album) __knowledge__ \"Sure Feels Good\" was recorded in January 1987 in Nashville, Tennessee, United States.", "Sure Feels Good (album) __knowledge__ It was produced by Tom Collins, who Mandrell had carried over from MCA Records to produce her album for EMI.", "Sure Feels Good (album) __knowledge__ The album consisted of ten tracks of material, similar to that of her MCA albums.", "Sure Feels Good (album) __knowledge__ The sixth track entitled \"Angels Love Bad Men\" was co-written by Waylon Jennings and featured Jennings performing on the track with Mandrell.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters in the television series \"Mad Men\", all of whom have appeared in multiple episodes.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Donald \"Don\" Draper (né Dick Whitman; Jon Hamm) born 1926, is the creative director at Sterling Cooper Advertising Agency; he eventually rises to become a partner.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ He later becomes a founding partner at Sterling Cooper Draper Pryce.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Draper is the series' protagonist, and more storylines focus on him than on other characters.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Margaret \"Peggy\" Olson (Elisabeth Moss), upon introduction, is the ostensibly naïve \"new girl\" at Sterling Cooper.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ She was originally Draper's secretary, but showed surprising talent and initiative, including a knack—similar to Draper's—for understanding the consumer's mind.", "Just Feels Good __knowledge__ Just Feels Good is the second album by American country music duo Thompson Square.", "Just Feels Good __knowledge__ It was released on March 26, 2013 via Stoney Creek Records.", "Just Feels Good __knowledge__ As with their first album, it was produced by New Voice Entertainment.", "Just Feels Good __knowledge__ On October 29, 2012, \"If I Didn't Have You,\" was released as the lead-off single from \"Just Feels Good\".", "Just Feels Good __knowledge__ For the chart dated May 11, 2013, it ascended to the top of the \"Billboard\" Country Airplay chart, becoming their second Number One hit.", "Just Feels Good __knowledge__ \"Everything I Shouldn't Be Thinking About\" was released as the album's second single on June 10, 2013.", "Just Feels Good __knowledge__ It became the duo's fourth Top Ten hit when it reached a peak of No." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Party City __knowledge__ Party City is an American publicly traded retail chain of party supply stores founded in 1986 by Steve Mandell in East Hanover, New Jersey.", "Party City __knowledge__ Based in Elmsford, New York, the company is the largest retailer of party goods in the United States and Canada, operating over 900 company-owned and franchise outlets under the Party City, Halloween City, and Factory Card & Party Outlet brands.", "Party City __knowledge__ Founded by Steve Mandell in 1986, Mandell recognized that party goods was highly fragmented with a lot of small mom-and-pop operations, a large number of retailers carrying limited supplies, and no big players dominating the market.", "Party City __knowledge__ Mandell decided to specialize in the business when he struck out on his own to realize his long-cherished goal of running his own retail operation.", "Party City __knowledge__ After scraping together $125,000, he opened a store in East Hanover, New Jersey, naming it Party City.", "Party City __knowledge__ The operation was immediately successful and within a year Mandell started planning for a second location.", "Party City __knowledge__ He also began to hear from people asking to franchise the Party City concept, and as a result Party City began its evolution into a national chain.", "Party City __knowledge__ After his first year in business Mandell also decided to concentrate on Halloween, so that in 1987 a quarter of his store was turned into a \"Halloween Costume Warehouse.\"", "Shopko __knowledge__ Shopko (formerly ShopKo until June 2007) is a chain of retail stores based in Ashwaubenon, Wisconsin.", "Shopko __knowledge__ Shopko was founded in 1962 by James Ruben, and its first store opened in Green Bay.", "Shopko __knowledge__ From 1991 to 2005, the company was publicly held, with stock traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol SKO.", "Shopko __knowledge__ In December 2005, the company was acquired by an affiliate of Sun Capital Partners and reverted to private ownership.", "Shopko __knowledge__ In 1999, Shopko purchased Pamida, a regional discount chain that operated mainly in smaller communities of 3,000 to 8,000 people.", "Shopko __knowledge__ Shopko operated Pamida as a separate division until 2007, when Pamida was separated from Shopko and reestablished as a separate company.", "Loblaw Companies __knowledge__ Loblaw Companies Limited is a Canadian food retailer that encompasses 1,000 corporate and franchise supermarkets that operates under 22 regional and market segment banners.", "Loblaw Companies __knowledge__ Loblaw's operates a private label program that includes grocery and household items, clothing, baby products, pharmaceuticals, cellular phones, general merchandise, and financial services.", "Loblaw Companies __knowledge__ Loblaw brands include President's Choice, No Name, Joe Fresh, T&T, Exact, Seaquest, Azami, and Teddy's Choice.", "Loblaw Companies __knowledge__ Most of Loblaw's 136,000 full-time and part-time employees are members of the United Food and Commercial Workers, with the exception of workers at The Real Canadian Wholesale Club in Alberta who are members of the Christian Labour Association of Canada.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "Westlake Recording Studios __knowledge__ Westlake Recording Studios is a music recording studio in West Hollywood, California.", "Westlake Recording Studios __knowledge__ Westlake Recording Studios was founded in the early 1970s by the American audio engineer Tom Hidley under the name Westlake Audio.", "Westlake Recording Studios __knowledge__ Hidley was experienced in the development of audio technology, having collaborated with Madman Muntz in the development of the first car stereo in 1959, and along with Amnon \"Ami\" Hadani, he had previously set up another recording studio in Hollywood, TTG Studios, in 1965.", "Westlake Recording Studios __knowledge__ The layout of the rooms at Westlake Studios aimed for an acoustic design that could give a fairly flat frequency response at the recording position, with low reverberation delay and extensive use of bass traps.", "List of Little Miss characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of Little Miss characters from the children's book series by Roger Hargreaves; the series was also adapted into \"The Mr. Men Show\".", "List of Little Miss characters __knowledge__ Books one (\"Little Miss Bossy\") to thirty (\"Little Miss Somersault\") were written by Hargreaves and the remainder by his son, Adam Hargreaves.", "List of Little Miss characters __knowledge__ Little Miss All-goes-Well is part of the \"Little Miss\" series.", "List of Little Miss characters __knowledge__ Little Miss All-Goes-Well has a perfect life.", "List of Little Miss characters __knowledge__ This is one of the nine Little Miss titles which were not published in English.", "List of Little Miss characters __knowledge__ Little Miss All-goes-well has also been published under the alternative titles \"Madame Tout-Va-Bien\" (French), \"Η Κυρία Αισιόδοξη \"(Greek).", "Steve Thompson (songwriter) __knowledge__ Steve Thompson (born 24 April 1952) is a British songwriter and record producer who is responsible for a number of single and album chart hits and well known songs recorded by international recording artists.", "Steve Thompson (songwriter) __knowledge__ He was instrumental in setting up the influential Neat Records.", "Steve Thompson (songwriter) __knowledge__ He was particularly active as a producer during (as well as being partially responsible for), the NWOBHM years (New Wave of British Heavy Metal) During this time he produced many acts and kick-started the careers of several influential heavy metal acts including the first recordings of Newcastle band Venom (who are widely credited with the invention of black metal) and Raven who have been credited with being hugely influential by Metallica.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Disney/Pixar's \"Toy Story\" franchise which consists of the animated films \"Toy Story\" (1995), \"Toy Story 2\" (1999), and \"Toy Story 3\" (2010) and the animated short films.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ Voiced by: Sheriff Woody Pride is a 1950s old traditional pull string cowboy doll, and Andy's favorite toy.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ Appearing in all three \"Toy Story\" films, he usually acts as the leader of the gang.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ His rivalry with Buzz forms the basis of the plot of the first film.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ In \"Toy Story 2\", he is stolen at a yard sale by a toy collector, causing the other toys to embark on a rescue mission.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ In \"Toy Story 3\" he and the other toys are shipped to a daycare center.", "Dueling Banjos __knowledge__ \"Dueling Banjos\" is an instrumental composition by Arthur \"Guitar Boogie\" Smith.", "Dueling Banjos __knowledge__ The song was composed in 1954 by Smith as a banjo instrumental he called \"Feudin' Banjos,\" which contained riffs from \"Yankee Doodle.\"", "Dueling Banjos __knowledge__ Smith recorded it in 1955 playing a four-string plectrum banjo and accompanied by five-string bluegrass banjo player Don Reno.", "Dueling Banjos __knowledge__ The composition's first wide scale airing was on a 1963 television episode of \"The Andy Griffith Show\" called \"Briscoe Declares for Aunt Bee,\" in which it is played by visiting musical family the Darlings (played by The Dillards, a bluegrass group).", "Dueling Banjos __knowledge__ The song was made famous by the 1972 film \"Deliverance,\" which also led to a successful lawsuit by the song's composer, as it was used in the film without Smith's permission.", "Robert A. Mandell __knowledge__ Robert A.", "Robert A. Mandell __knowledge__ \"Bobby\" Mandell (born 1947) is an American attorney and businessman who also served as the United States Ambassador to Luxembourg from 2011 to 2015.", "Robert A. Mandell __knowledge__ A graduate of the University of Florida (1969) and the university's Fredric G. Levin College of Law (1972), Mandell practiced law before joining his father's Florida real estate development business, of which he eventually became owner and operator.", "Robert A. Mandell __knowledge__ In addition, he was active in government as a member of the President's Export Council, the Florida Environmental Regulation Commission, and the Orlando-Orange County Expressway Authority.", "Robert A. Mandell __knowledge__ Mandell was a major donor, known as a \"bundler,\" to the presidential campaigns of Barack Obama.", "Mandell Creighton __knowledge__ Mandell Creighton (; 5 July 1843 – 14 January 1901) was a British historian and a bishop of the Church of England.", "Mandell Creighton __knowledge__ A scholar of the Renaissance papacy, Creighton was the first occupant of the Dixie Chair of Ecclesiastical History at the University of Cambridge, a professorship established around the time that history was emerging as an independent academic discipline.", "Mandell Creighton __knowledge__ He was also the first editor of the \"English Historical Review\", the oldest English language academic journal in the field of history.", "Mandell Creighton __knowledge__ Creighton had a second career as a cleric in the Church of England.", "Mandell Creighton __knowledge__ He served as a parish priest in Embleton, Northumberland and later, successively, as a Canon Residentiary of Worcester Cathedral, the Bishop of Peterborough and the Bishop of London.", "Robert Mandell (conductor) __knowledge__ Robert Mandell (born August 22, 1929) is an international conductor.", "Robert Mandell (conductor) __knowledge__ While American, he is noted in the United Kingdom for his popular family concerts, young people's concerts, and stage musicals.", "Robert Mandell (conductor) __knowledge__ Robert Mandell was born in New York City on August 22, 1929, and was the youngest of four children.", "Robert Mandell (conductor) __knowledge__ At the age of eight, Robert acted on the stage and in radio shows under the professional names Bobby Lee and Robert Lee.", "Robert Mandell (conductor) __knowledge__ He worked on noted American radio shows such as \"Let’s Pretend\" and \"Ellery Queen\".", "Robert Mandell (conductor) __knowledge__ His Broadway stage credits include the original season of \"Lady in the Dark\" with Gertrude Lawrence.", "Space: 1999 __knowledge__ Space: 1999 is a British science-fiction television programme that ran for two series and originally aired from 1975 to 1977.", "Space: 1999 __knowledge__ In the opening episode, set in the year 1999, nuclear waste stored on the Moon's far side explodes, knocking the Moon out of orbit and sending it, as well as the 311 inhabitants of , hurtling uncontrollably into space.", "Space: 1999 __knowledge__ \"Space: 1999\" was the last production by the partnership of and was the most expensive series produced for British television up to that time.", "Space: 1999 __knowledge__ The first series was co-produced by ITC Entertainment and Italian broadcaster RAI, while the second series was produced solely by ITC.", "Sherri Mandell __knowledge__ Sherri Mandell is an Israeli-American author, a mother and activist.", "Sherri Mandell __knowledge__ She is best known as the mother of Koby Mandell, a thirteen-year-old American boy who was murdered near their home in Tekoa in May 2001.", "Sherri Mandell __knowledge__ Mandell and her husband, Rabbi Seth Mandell, founded the Koby Mandell Foundation, and Mandell wrote a book about the murder entitled \"The Blessing of a Broken Heart\".", "Sherri Mandell __knowledge__ Sherri Mandell was born in New York and graduated from Cornell University in 1977.", "Sherri Mandell __knowledge__ She received an M.A.", "Sherri Mandell __knowledge__ in Creative Writing from Colorado State University and taught writing at the University of Maryland and at Penn State University." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Party City __knowledge__ Party City is an American publicly traded retail chain of party supply stores founded in 1986 by Steve Mandell in East Hanover, New Jersey.", "Party City __knowledge__ Based in Elmsford, New York, the company is the largest retailer of party goods in the United States and Canada, operating over 900 company-owned and franchise outlets under the Party City, Halloween City, and Factory Card & Party Outlet brands.", "Party City __knowledge__ Founded by Steve Mandell in 1986, Mandell recognized that party goods was highly fragmented with a lot of small mom-and-pop operations, a large number of retailers carrying limited supplies, and no big players dominating the market.", "Party City __knowledge__ Mandell decided to specialize in the business when he struck out on his own to realize his long-cherished goal of running his own retail operation.", "Party City __knowledge__ After scraping together $125,000, he opened a store in East Hanover, New Jersey, naming it Party City.", "Party City __knowledge__ The operation was immediately successful and within a year Mandell started planning for a second location.", "Party City __knowledge__ He also began to hear from people asking to franchise the Party City concept, and as a result Party City began its evolution into a national chain.", "Party City __knowledge__ After his first year in business Mandell also decided to concentrate on Halloween, so that in 1987 a quarter of his store was turned into a \"Halloween Costume Warehouse.\"", "Anuak language __knowledge__ Anuak or Anywa is a Nilotic language of the Nilo-Saharan language family.", "Anuak language __knowledge__ It is spoken primarily in the Western part of Ethiopia by the Anuak.", "Anuak language __knowledge__ Other names for this language include: \"Anyuak, Anywa, Yambo, Jambo, Yembo, Bar, Burjin, Miroy, Moojanga, Nuro\".", "Anuak language __knowledge__ Anuak, Päri, and Jur-Luwo comprise a dialect cluster.", "Anuak language __knowledge__ The most thorough description of the Anuak language is Reh (1996) \"Anywa Language: Description and Internal Reconstructions\", which also includes glossed texts.", "Anuak language __knowledge__ Anywa does not have phonemic fricatives.", "Tatiana Bulanova discography __knowledge__ Tatyana Bulanova is a Russian pop singer.", "Tatiana Bulanova discography __knowledge__ Her first album was released in 1990, and her most recent album was released in 2010.", "Tatiana Bulanova discography __knowledge__ 1.", "Tatiana Bulanova discography __knowledge__ Летний сад (\"Summer garden\") 2.", "Tatiana Bulanova discography __knowledge__ 25 гвоздик (\"25 carnations\") 3.", "Tatiana Bulanova discography __knowledge__ Белый пароход (\"White steamboat\") 4.", "Tatiana Bulanova discography __knowledge__ Постой (\"Enough\") 5.", "Tatiana Bulanova discography __knowledge__ Я так тебя ждала (\"I waited for you so\") 6.", "Tatiana Bulanova discography __knowledge__ Теплоход (\"Motorboat\") 7.", "Tatiana Bulanova discography __knowledge__ Девчонка (\"Little girl\") 8.", "Tatiana Bulanova discography __knowledge__ Здравствуй, море (\"Hello, sea\") 9.", "Tatiana Bulanova discography __knowledge__ Вспомни (\"Remember me\") 10.", "Tatiana Bulanova discography __knowledge__ Эй, режиссер (\"Hey, director\") 1.", "Tatiana Bulanova discography __knowledge__ Мальчишка любимый мой (\"My darling little boy\") 2.", "Tatiana Bulanova discography __knowledge__ Рэггей для друзей (\"Reggae for friends\") 3.", "Tatiana Bulanova discography __knowledge__ Атаман (\"Ataman\") 4.", "Tatiana Bulanova discography __knowledge__ Девчонка (\"Little girl\") 5.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "YES Network __knowledge__ The Yankees Entertainment and Sports Network (YES) is an American cable and satellite television regional sports network that is owned by 21st Century Fox (which owns a controlling 80% interest and serves as managing partner) and Yankee Global Enterprises (which owns the remaining 20%).", "YES Network __knowledge__ Primarily serving New York City, New York and the surrounding metropolitan area, it broadcasts a variety of sports events, as well as magazine, documentary and discussion programs; however, its main emphasis is focused on games and team-related programs involving the New York Yankees of Major League Baseball (owned by minority partner Yankee Global), the NBA's Brooklyn Nets and New York City FC of Major League Soccer.", "Environmental issues in Uruguay __knowledge__ This page covers environmental issues in Uruguay.", "Environmental issues in Uruguay __knowledge__ The Uruguayan savanna ecoregion used to be covered by grasslands, palm savannas, and gallery forests along the Uruguay, Negro, Yaguarí, Queguay, and Tacuarembó rivers.", "Environmental issues in Uruguay __knowledge__ Unfortunately, agriculture and cattle ranching have heavily altered these natural communities.", "Environmental issues in Uruguay __knowledge__ The savannas are critically endangered because there are few small isolated patches of intact habitat remaining.", "Environmental issues in Uruguay __knowledge__ The whole ecoregion has been severely altered by cattle ranching, one of the main pillars of the national economy in Uruguay.", "Environmental issues in Uruguay __knowledge__ About 80% of Uruguayan territory is used for cattle ranching on natural and artificial savannas.", "Luganda __knowledge__ Luganda, or Ganda (, \"Oluganda\" ), is one of the major languages in Uganda and is spoken by more than five million Baganda and other people principally in central Uganda, including the capital Kampala of Uganda.", "Luganda __knowledge__ It belongs to the Bantu branch of the Niger–Congo language family.", "Luganda __knowledge__ Typologically, it is a highly-agglutinating language with subject–verb–object, word order and nominative–accusative morphosyntactic alignment.", "Luganda __knowledge__ With about four million first-language-speakers in the Buganda region and a million others fluent elsewhere, it is the most widely-spoken Ugandan language.", "Luganda __knowledge__ As a second language, it follows English and precedes Swahili.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ The Yes Men are a culture jamming activist duo and network of supporters created by Jacques Servin and Igor Vamos.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ Through actions of tactical media, the Yes Men primarily aim to raise awareness about problematic social and political issues.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ To date, the duo have produced three films: \"The Yes Men\" (2003), \"The Yes Men Fix the World\" (2009) and \"The Yes Men Are Revolting\" (2014).", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ In these films, they impersonate entities that they dislike, a practice that they call \"identity correction\".", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ The Yes Men operate under the mission statement that lies can expose truth.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ They create and maintain fake websites similar to ones they intend to spoof, which have led to numerous interview, conference, and TV talk show invitations.", "List of The Catholic Guy recurring segments __knowledge__ This is an incomplete list of recurring segments featured on \"The Catholic Guy\": The following segments feature discussion on a specific topic where callers can interject their opinions: A derivative of previous question segments, listeners may ask Lino any question they have.", "List of The Catholic Guy recurring segments __knowledge__ Questions vary from those related to Catholic theology to personal questions about Lino's life.", "List of The Catholic Guy recurring segments __knowledge__ Not satisfied with just Ten Commandments, Lino or a co-hosts adds one of their own for real-life situations and explains their rationale.", "List of The Catholic Guy recurring segments __knowledge__ Listeners call in with things that they have done that aren't truly sins and can't be brought to the Confessional, but are still things that they're not exactly proud of having done.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ Pricing games are featured on the current version of the American game show The Price Is Right.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ The contestant from Contestants' Row who bids closest to the price of a prize without going over wins the prize and has the chance to win additional prizes or cash in an onstage game.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ After the pricing game ends, a new contestant is selected for Contestants' Row and the process is repeated.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ Six pricing games are played on each hour-long episode.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ Prior to expanding to one hour in length, three games per episode were played during the half-hour format.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ With the exception of a single game from early in the show's history, only one contestant at a time is involved in a pricing game.", "Dunkin' Donuts __knowledge__ Dunkin' Donuts is an American global donut company and coffeehouse based in Canton, Massachusetts, in Greater Boston.", "Dunkin' Donuts __knowledge__ It was founded in 1950 by William Rosenberg in Quincy, Massachusetts.", "Dunkin' Donuts __knowledge__ Since its founding, the company has grown to become one of the largest coffee and baked goods chains in the world, with more than 12,000 restaurants in 36 countries.", "Dunkin' Donuts __knowledge__ The chain's products include donuts, bagels, other baked goods, and a wide variety of hot and iced beverages.", "Dunkin' Donuts __knowledge__ Before 1990, Dunkin' Donuts' primary competitor was Mister Donut, but in February of that year Mister Donut was acquired by Dunkin' Donuts' owner Allied-Lyons.", "Guess (clothing) __knowledge__ Guess (styled as GUESS or Guess?)", "Guess (clothing) __knowledge__ is an American clothing brand and retailer.", "Guess (clothing) __knowledge__ In addition to clothing for both men and women, Guess markets other fashion accessories such as watches, jewelry, perfumes, and shoes.", "Guess (clothing) __knowledge__ Guess began in 1981 as a book of styles by Georges Marciano.", "Guess (clothing) __knowledge__ Maurice, Georges brother, was first sought by Georges to help with product development.", "Guess (clothing) __knowledge__ Armand and Paul, also Georges' brothers, were in charge of distribution and advertising, respectively.", "Guess (clothing) __knowledge__ Armand ran distribution.", "Guess (clothing) __knowledge__ Paul created the advertising, all of it in-house.", "Guess (clothing) __knowledge__ Georges designed the clothes, burnishing Guess' signature style: stonewashed denim, lighter in color, softer and more form-fitting than the competitors.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ is the longest-running noontime variety show in the Philippines.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The show has featured hundreds of segments and competitions since its debut on July 30, 1979.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The following is an incomplete list of the segments of \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ throughout its thirty-eight year run on television.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The segments are organized alphabetically by title.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ It is a special segment that has a similar concept with \"I Object, Your Honor\" and \"I Object, #NasaanAngHustisya?", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \", that tests the cleverness and originality of the \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ hosts.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The hosts are divided into two teams.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ In each round, both teams are given one specific object.", "Walmart __knowledge__ Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., doing business as Walmart, is an American multinational retail corporation that operates a chain of hypermarkets, discount department stores, and grocery stores.", "Walmart __knowledge__ Headquartered in Bentonville, Arkansas, the company was founded by Sam Walton in 1962 and incorporated on October 31, 1969.", "Walmart __knowledge__ It also owns and operates Sam's Club retail warehouses.", "Walmart __knowledge__ Walmart has 11,703 stores and clubs in 28countries, operating under 59 differentnames.", "Walmart __knowledge__ The company operates under the name Walmart in the United States and Canada, as Walmart de México y Centroamérica in Mexico and Central America, as Asda in the United Kingdom, as the Seiyu Group in Japan, and as Best Price in India.", "California Trail __knowledge__ The California Trail was an emigrant trail of about across the western half of the North American continent from Missouri River towns to what is now the state of California.", "California Trail __knowledge__ After it was established, the first half of the California Trail followed the same corridor of networked river valley trails as the Oregon Trail and the Mormon Trail, namely the valleys of the Platte, North Platte and Sweetwater rivers to Wyoming.", "California Trail __knowledge__ In the present states of Wyoming, Idaho, and Utah, the California and Oregon trails split into several different trails or cutoffs.", "California Trail __knowledge__ By 1847, two former fur trading frontier forts marked trailheads for major alternative routes through Utah and Wyoming to Northern California." ] ]

[ 2, 2, 3, 6, 1 ]

[ "That sounds great. do you live in NY as I understand that is where it is based?", "I think it feels good to deal in party brands. which specific outlet were you working for?", "Steve Mandell who is the founder must have been very thoughtful. It is good to find all you want in one place", "I also guess he must be very successful as he has opened many branches in many locations ", "He started it in 1986 in East Hanover" ]

[ "Party City", "Party City", "Party City", "Party City", "Party City" ]

[ "Mystery film\nI love watching Mystery film", "What do you know about Mystery film", "What more?", "That's what I live about Mystery film", "What more do you know about Mystery film" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mystery film __knowledge__ A mystery film is a genre of film that revolves around the solution of a problem or a crime.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ It focuses on the efforts of the detective, private investigator or amateur sleuth to solve the mysterious circumstances of an issue by means of clues, investigation, and clever deduction.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ The plot often centers on the deductive ability, prowess, confidence, or diligence of the detective as they attempt to unravel the crime or situation by piecing together clues and circumstances, seeking evidence, interrogating witnesses, and tracking down a criminal.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ Suspense is often maintained as an important plot element.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ This can be done through the use of the soundtrack, camera angles, heavy shadows, and surprising plot twists.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ Alfred Hitchcock used all of these techniques, but would sometimes allow the audience in on a pending threat then draw out the moment for dramatic effect.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ This genre has ranged from early mystery tales, fictional or literary detective stories, to classic Hitchcockian suspense-thrillers to classic private detective films.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ A related film subgenre is spy films.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ Mystery films mainly focus with solving a crime or a puzzle.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ The mystery generally revolves around a murder which must then be solved by policemen, private detectives, or amateur sleuths.", "Mulholland Drive (film) __knowledge__ Mulholland Drive (stylized as Mulholland Dr.) is a 2001 American neo-noir mystery film written and directed by David Lynch and starring Naomi Watts, Laura Harring, Justin Theroux, Ann Miller, and Robert Forster.", "Mulholland Drive (film) __knowledge__ It tells the story of an aspiring actress named Betty Elms (Watts), newly arrived in Los Angeles, who meets and befriends an amnesiac woman (Harring) hiding in an apartment which belongs to Betty's aunt.", "Mulholland Drive (film) __knowledge__ The story includes several other seemingly unrelated vignettes that eventually interlock, as well as some surreal and darkly comedic scenes and images that relate to the cryptic narrative.", "Brad Ausmus __knowledge__ Bradley David Ausmus (; born April 14, 1969) is an American special assistant to the general manager of the Los Angeles Angels, and former catcher in Major League Baseball (MLB).", "Brad Ausmus __knowledge__ He played for the San Diego Padres, Detroit Tigers, Houston Astros, and Los Angeles Dodgers.", "Brad Ausmus __knowledge__ He also was the manager for the Tigers and the Israel national baseball team.", "Brad Ausmus __knowledge__ A 1987 draft pick of the New York Yankees, he chose to alternate between attending Dartmouth College and playing minor league baseball.", "Brad Ausmus __knowledge__ He then had an 18-year major league playing career with the San Diego Padres, Detroit Tigers, Houston Astros, and Los Angeles Dodgers.", "List of Kashimashi: Girl Meets Girl characters __knowledge__ The \"\" anime and manga features a cast of characters created by Satoru Akahori and illustrated by Yukimaru Katsura.", "List of Kashimashi: Girl Meets Girl characters __knowledge__ The series takes place in the fictional Kashima ward in Tokyo, Japan, and the storyline follows the lives of a group of friends and the relationships they share through life-altering changes.", "List of Kashimashi: Girl Meets Girl characters __knowledge__ A normal, albeit effeminate high school boy named Hazumu Osaragi is pressured by his friends Tomari Kurusu and Asuta Soro to confess his love to his friend Yasuna Kamiizumi, however, she rejects him.", "List of Kashimashi: Girl Meets Girl characters __knowledge__ Hazumu takes this hard and climbs the nearby Mt.", "List of Kashimashi: Girl Meets Girl characters __knowledge__ Kashima to try to forget what happened, but while on the mountain is seriously injured when an alien spacecraft crash lands on him.", "Jubbal __knowledge__ Jubbal is a town and a nagar panchayat in Shimla district in the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh.", "Jubbal __knowledge__ Jubbal, located at has an average elevation of 2200 metres (7220 feet).", "Jubbal __knowledge__ A small hill town, it is famous for its apple orchards and the Jubbal Palace.", "Jubbal __knowledge__ Jubbal has a combination of vast landscapes, thick woods, and buildings.", "Jubbal __knowledge__ It is located at an elevation of 1901 meters.", "Jubbal __knowledge__ The history of Jubbal State goes back to 12th century.", "Jubbal __knowledge__ Among the 18 thakuries located in the valleys of Sutlej, Pabbar and Giri this thakurrai was of considerable importance.", "Jubbal __knowledge__ Rulers of Jubbal belong to the Rathore clan.", "Jubbal __knowledge__ During 12th century The ugar chand The Raja of Sirmoor State, had a summer palace in Soonpur, The modern Hatkoti, which is overlooked by the plateau of Sonnpur, on the right bank of the pabbar river.", "Bamta __knowledge__ Bamta is a panchayat in Chopal in the district of Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India.", "Bamta __knowledge__ Bamta lies in the south-western ranges of the Himalayas at 31.01917°N 77.62028°E.", "Bamta __knowledge__ It has an average altitude of 2,144 metres (7,037 ft) above mean sea level.", "Bamta __knowledge__ Upper parts of Bamta are surrounded by forests of chir pine and gigantic deodars, and lower areas have sharp-edged mountain slopes close to the river.", "Bamta __knowledge__ Geographically Bamta Valley falls between the Kuppar peak in the north and Shalvi and Naarti rivers (subsidiaries of Yamuna river) in the south.", "Bamta __knowledge__ Bamta Panchayat shares its boundary with Podia (another village in Throch valley of chaupal) in the east, with Matal village (part of famous apple belt Madaog) in the west, and in the south Shalvi River creates a natural border between Dewat and Bamta Panchayat.", "Heidelberg Appeal __knowledge__ The Heidelberg Appeal, authored by Michel Salomon and signed by a large number of scientists, is a statement decrying \"an irrational ideology which is opposed to scientific and industrial progress, and impedes economic and social development.\"", "Heidelberg Appeal __knowledge__ Issued to coincide with the opening of the United Nations-sponsored Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro in 1992, the Appeal stated that its signers: \" \"share the objectives of the 'Earth Summit'\" but advised \"the authorities in charge of our planet's destiny against decisions which are supported by pseudo-scientific arguments or false and non-relevant data.", "Heidelberg Appeal __knowledge__ ..." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mystery film __knowledge__ A mystery film is a genre of film that revolves around the solution of a problem or a crime.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ It focuses on the efforts of the detective, private investigator or amateur sleuth to solve the mysterious circumstances of an issue by means of clues, investigation, and clever deduction.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ The plot often centers on the deductive ability, prowess, confidence, or diligence of the detective as they attempt to unravel the crime or situation by piecing together clues and circumstances, seeking evidence, interrogating witnesses, and tracking down a criminal.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ Suspense is often maintained as an important plot element.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ This can be done through the use of the soundtrack, camera angles, heavy shadows, and surprising plot twists.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ Alfred Hitchcock used all of these techniques, but would sometimes allow the audience in on a pending threat then draw out the moment for dramatic effect.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ This genre has ranged from early mystery tales, fictional or literary detective stories, to classic Hitchcockian suspense-thrillers to classic private detective films.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ A related film subgenre is spy films.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ Mystery films mainly focus with solving a crime or a puzzle.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ The mystery generally revolves around a murder which must then be solved by policemen, private detectives, or amateur sleuths.", "Mulholland Drive (film) __knowledge__ Mulholland Drive (stylized as Mulholland Dr.) is a 2001 American neo-noir mystery film written and directed by David Lynch and starring Naomi Watts, Laura Harring, Justin Theroux, Ann Miller, and Robert Forster.", "Mulholland Drive (film) __knowledge__ It tells the story of an aspiring actress named Betty Elms (Watts), newly arrived in Los Angeles, who meets and befriends an amnesiac woman (Harring) hiding in an apartment which belongs to Betty's aunt.", "Mulholland Drive (film) __knowledge__ The story includes several other seemingly unrelated vignettes that eventually interlock, as well as some surreal and darkly comedic scenes and images that relate to the cryptic narrative.", "Yaar Nee? __knowledge__ (Tamil:யார் நீ?, English: Who are you?)", "Yaar Nee? __knowledge__ is a 1966 black-and-white Tamil psychological thriller mystery film directed by Sathyam and produced by P. S. Veerappa.", "Yaar Nee? __knowledge__ The dialogues were written by M. K. Ramu.", "Yaar Nee? __knowledge__ The film stars Jaishankar and Jayalalitha playing lead roles.", "Yaar Nee? __knowledge__ It is a remake of Hindi film \"Woh Kaun Thi?\"", "Yaar Nee? __knowledge__ (1964).", "Yaar Nee? __knowledge__ The film became successful at Box Office.", "Yaar Nee? __knowledge__ Jaishankar and J. Jayalalitha both acted during the same year in another thriller film followed: \"Nee (film)\"(1966).", "Yaar Nee? __knowledge__ The Telugu remake of this film was Aame Evaru?", "Yaar Nee? __knowledge__ which again starred Jayalalithaa in lead role opposite Kongara Jaggaiah and was made after success of Yaar Nee.", "Mystery of the Wax Museum __knowledge__ Mystery of the Wax Museum is a 1933 American pre-Code mystery-horror film directed by Michael Curtiz and released by Warner Bros. in two-color Technicolor.", "Mystery of the Wax Museum __knowledge__ The film stars Lionel Atwill, Fay Wray, Glenda Farrell, and Frank McHugh.", "Mystery of the Wax Museum __knowledge__ This film, along with Warner's \"Doctor X\", were the last dramatic fiction films made using the two-color Technicolor process.", "Mystery of the Wax Museum __knowledge__ Ivan Igor (Lionel Atwill) is a sculptor who operates a wax museum in 1921 London.", "Mystery of the Wax Museum __knowledge__ He gives a private tour to a friend and an investor, showing them sculptures of Joan of Arc, Voltaire, and his favorite, Marie Antoinette.", "Mystery of the Wax Museum __knowledge__ Formerly a stone sculptor who did wax modeling as a hobby, he explains he turned to wax sculpting completely because he felt more \"satisfied\" that he could reproduce \"the warmth, flesh, and blood of life far better in wax than in cold stone\".", "David Lynch __knowledge__ David Keith Lynch (born January 20, 1946) is an American filmmaker, painter, musician, actor, and photographer.", "David Lynch __knowledge__ He has been described by \"The Guardian\" as \"the most important director of this era.\"", "David Lynch __knowledge__ AllMovie called him \"the Renaissance man of modern American filmmaking,\" while the success of his films has led to him being labelled \"the first popular Surrealist.\"", "David Lynch __knowledge__ Born to a middle-class family in Missoula, Montana, Lynch spent his childhood traveling around the United States, before going on to study painting at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts in Philadelphia, where he first made the transition to producing short films.", "The Usual Suspects __knowledge__ The Usual Suspects is a 1995 American neo-noir mystery film directed by Bryan Singer and written by Christopher McQuarrie.", "The Usual Suspects __knowledge__ It stars Stephen Baldwin, Gabriel Byrne, Benicio del Toro, Kevin Pollak, Chazz Palminteri, Pete Postlethwaite, and Kevin Spacey.", "The Usual Suspects __knowledge__ The plot follows the interrogation of Roger \"Verbal\" Kint, a small-time con man who is one of only two survivors of a massacre and fire on a ship docked at the Port of Los Angeles.", "The Usual Suspects __knowledge__ He tells an interrogator a convoluted story about events that led him and his partners in crime to the boat, and about a mysterious mob boss known as Keyser Söze who commissioned their work.", "Sean Penn __knowledge__ Sean Justin Penn (born August 17, 1960) is an American actor, filmmaker, and political activist.", "Sean Penn __knowledge__ He has won two Academy Awards, for his roles in the mystery drama \"Mystic River\" (2003) and the biopic \"Milk\" (2008).", "Sean Penn __knowledge__ Penn began his acting career in television with a brief appearance in episode 112 of \"Little House on the Prairie\" (December 4, 1974), directed by his father Leo Penn.", "Sean Penn __knowledge__ Following his film debut in the drama \"Taps\" (1981) and a diverse range of film roles in the 1980s, including \"Fast Times at Ridgemont High\" (1982), Penn garnered critical attention for his roles in the crime dramas \"At Close Range\" (1986), \"State of Grace\" (1990), and \"Carlito's Way\" (1993).", "CBS Thursday Night Movie __knowledge__ CBS Thursday Night Movie was the Columbia Broadcasting System's first venture into the weekly televising of then-recent theatrical films, debuting at the start of the 1965–1966 season, from 9:00 to 11 p.m. (Eastern Time).", "CBS Thursday Night Movie __knowledge__ CBS was the last of the three U.S. major television networks to schedule a regular prime-time array of movies.", "CBS Thursday Night Movie __knowledge__ Unlike its two competitors (NBC and ABC), CBS had delayed running feature films at the behest of the network's hierarchy.", "CBS Thursday Night Movie __knowledge__ Indeed, as far back as 1960, when Paramount Pictures offered a huge backlog of pre-1948 titles for sale to television for $50 million, James T. Aubrey, program director at CBS, negotiated with the studio to buy the package for the network.", "Suspense __knowledge__ Suspense is a feeling of fascination and excitement mixed with apprehension, tension, and anxiety developed from an unpredictable, mysterious, and rousing source of entertainment.", "Suspense __knowledge__ The term most often refers to an audience's perceptions in a dramatic work.", "Suspense __knowledge__ Suspense is not exclusive to fiction.", "Suspense __knowledge__ It may operate whenever there is a perceived suspended drama or a chain of cause is left in doubt, with tension being a primary emotion felt as part of the situation.", "Suspense __knowledge__ In the kind of suspense described by film director Alfred Hitchcock, an audience experiences suspense when they expect something bad to happen and have (or believe they have) a superior perspective on events in the drama's hierarchy of knowledge, yet they are powerless to intervene to prevent it from happening.", "No Country for Old Men (film) __knowledge__ No Country for Old Men is a 2007 American neo-western neo-noir thriller film written and directed by Joel and Ethan Coen, based on Cormac McCarthy's novel \"No Country for Old Men\".", "No Country for Old Men (film) __knowledge__ A cat-and-mouse thriller starring Tommy Lee Jones, Javier Bardem, and Josh Brolin, it follows a Texas welder and Vietnam veteran in the desert landscape of 1980 West Texas.", "No Country for Old Men (film) __knowledge__ The film revisits the themes of fate, conscience, and circumstance that the Coen brothers had explored in the films \"Blood Simple\" (1984) and \"Fargo\" (1996).", "No Country for Old Men (film) __knowledge__ \"No Country for Old Men\" premiered in competition at the 2007 Cannes Film Festival on May 19.", "List of monsters in Marvel Comics __knowledge__ This page lists the known monsters in Marvel Comics.", "List of monsters in Marvel Comics __knowledge__ In the earlier parts of Marvel Comics, issues such as \"Journey into Mystery\", \"Strange Tales\", \"Tales of Suspense\", and \"Tales to Astonish\" would detail stories of its different monsters.", "List of monsters in Marvel Comics __knowledge__ They consist of giant aliens, kaiju, Deviant Mutates, and experiments that went horribly wrong.", "List of monsters in Marvel Comics __knowledge__ In later Marvel Comics stories, some of the Monsters would later be seen inhabiting Monster Isle.", "List of monsters in Marvel Comics __knowledge__ During the \"Monsters Unleashed\" storyline, the monsters in this category would be classified as Goliathons where they were summoned by the Inhuman Kei Kawade in order to help the superheroes fight the Leviathon Tide.", "Suspense (radio drama) __knowledge__ Suspense is a radio drama series broadcast on CBS Radio from 1942 through 1962.", "Suspense (radio drama) __knowledge__ One of the premier drama programs of the Golden Age of Radio, was subtitled \"radio's outstanding theater of thrills\" and focused on suspense thriller-type scripts, usually featuring leading Hollywood actors of the era.", "Suspense (radio drama) __knowledge__ Approximately 945 episodes were broadcast during its long run, and more than 900 still exist.", "Suspense (radio drama) __knowledge__ \"Suspense\" went through several major phases, characterized by different hosts, sponsors, and director/producers.", "Suspense (radio drama) __knowledge__ Formula plot devices were followed for all but a handful of episodes: the protagonist was usually a normal person suddenly dropped into a threatening or bizarre situation; solutions were \"withheld until the last possible second\"; and evildoers were usually punished in the end.", "Final Destination (film) __knowledge__ Final Destination is a 2000 American supernatural horror film directed by James Wong.", "Final Destination (film) __knowledge__ The screenplay was written by James Wong, Glen Morgan, and Jeffrey Reddick, based on a story by Reddick.", "Final Destination (film) __knowledge__ The film stars Devon Sawa, Ali Larter, Kerr Smith, and Tony Todd.", "Final Destination (film) __knowledge__ Sawa portrays a teenager who cheats death after having a premonition of a catastrophic plane explosion.", "Final Destination (film) __knowledge__ He and several of his classmates leave the plane before the explosion occurs, but Death later takes the lives of those who were meant to die on the plane.", "Final Destination (film) __knowledge__ It is the first installment of the Final Destination film series.", "Final Destination (film) __knowledge__ The film began as a spec script written by Reddick for an episode of \"The X-Files\", in order for Reddick to get a TV agent, however, he never submitted it to \"The X-Files\" after a colleague at New Line Cinema persuaded him to write it as a feature-length film.", "Sorcerer (film) __knowledge__ Sorcerer is a 1977 American thriller film directed and produced by William Friedkin and starring Roy Scheider, Bruno Cremer, Francisco Rabal, and Amidou.", "Sorcerer (film) __knowledge__ The second adaptation of Georges Arnaud's 1950 French novel \"Le Salaire de la peur\", it has been widely considered a remake of the first adaptation, the 1953 film \"The Wages of Fear\".", "Sorcerer (film) __knowledge__ Friedkin, however, has disagreed with this assessment.", "Sorcerer (film) __knowledge__ The plot depicts four outcasts from varied backgrounds meeting in a South American village, where they are assigned to transport cargoes of aged, poorly kept dynamite that is so unstable that it is 'sweating' its dangerous basic ingredient, nitroglycerin." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mystery film __knowledge__ A mystery film is a genre of film that revolves around the solution of a problem or a crime.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ It focuses on the efforts of the detective, private investigator or amateur sleuth to solve the mysterious circumstances of an issue by means of clues, investigation, and clever deduction.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ The plot often centers on the deductive ability, prowess, confidence, or diligence of the detective as they attempt to unravel the crime or situation by piecing together clues and circumstances, seeking evidence, interrogating witnesses, and tracking down a criminal.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ Suspense is often maintained as an important plot element.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ This can be done through the use of the soundtrack, camera angles, heavy shadows, and surprising plot twists.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ Alfred Hitchcock used all of these techniques, but would sometimes allow the audience in on a pending threat then draw out the moment for dramatic effect.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ This genre has ranged from early mystery tales, fictional or literary detective stories, to classic Hitchcockian suspense-thrillers to classic private detective films.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ A related film subgenre is spy films.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ Mystery films mainly focus with solving a crime or a puzzle.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ The mystery generally revolves around a murder which must then be solved by policemen, private detectives, or amateur sleuths.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Science fiction (often shortened to SF or sci-fi) is a genre of speculative fiction, typically dealing with imaginative concepts such as futuristic science and technology, space travel, time travel, faster than light travel, parallel universes, and extraterrestrial life.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Science fiction often explores the potential consequences of scientific and other innovations, and has been called a \"literature of ideas\".", "Science fiction __knowledge__ It usually avoids the supernatural, unlike the related genre of fantasy.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Historically, science-fiction stories have had a grounding in actual science, but now this is only expected of hard science fiction.", "Detective fiction __knowledge__ Detective fiction is a subgenre of crime fiction and mystery fiction in which an investigator or a detective—either professional, amateur or retired—investigates a crime, often murder.", "Detective fiction __knowledge__ The detective genre began around the same time as speculative fiction and other genre fiction in the mid-nineteenth century and has remained extremely popular, particularly in novels.", "Detective fiction __knowledge__ Some of the most famous heroes of detective fiction include C. Auguste Dupin, Sherlock Holmes, and Hercule Poirot.", "Detective fiction __knowledge__ Juvenile stories featuring The Hardy Boys, Nancy Drew, and The Boxcar Children have also remained in print for several decades.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Genre fiction __knowledge__ Genre fiction, also known as popular fiction, is plot-driven fictional works written with the intent of fitting into a specific literary genre, in order to appeal to readers and fans already familiar with that genre.", "Genre fiction __knowledge__ Genre fiction is generally distinguished from literary fiction.", "Genre fiction __knowledge__ Some writing may be considered both literary and genre, such as the science fiction writing of Nobel laureate Doris Lessing and Margaret Atwood.", "Genre fiction __knowledge__ Georges Simenon, the creator of the Maigret detective novels, has been described by André Gide as 'the most novelistic of novelists in French literature'.", "Genre fiction __knowledge__ The main genres are crime, fantasy, romance, science fiction, western, inspirational and horror.", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ Science fiction and fantasy magazines began to be published in the US in the 1920s.", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ Stories with science fiction themes had been appearing for decades in pulp magazines such as \"Argosy\", but there were no magazines that specialized in a single genre until 1915, when Street & Smith, one of the major pulp publishers, brought out \"Detective Story Magazine\".", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ The first magazine to focus solely on fantasy and horror was \"Weird Tales\", which was launched in 1923, and established itself as the leading weird fiction magazine over the next two decades; writers such as H.P.", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ Lovecraft, Clark Ashton Smith and Robert E. Howard became regular contributors.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of character summaries from the FX Networks television series, \"The Shield\".", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ Captain Monica Rawling is a fictional character from the FX television show \"The Shield\", played by Glenn Close, who received an Emmy nomination as Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series for her performance.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ Monica Rawling succeeded David Aceveda as Captain of the Farmington precinct.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ A morally strong woman, she tried to redeem Vic Mackey and Ronnie Gardocki by involving them in a controversial asset forfeiture program designed to clean up Farmington, by destroying the neighborhood drug trade." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mystery film __knowledge__ A mystery film is a genre of film that revolves around the solution of a problem or a crime.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ It focuses on the efforts of the detective, private investigator or amateur sleuth to solve the mysterious circumstances of an issue by means of clues, investigation, and clever deduction.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ The plot often centers on the deductive ability, prowess, confidence, or diligence of the detective as they attempt to unravel the crime or situation by piecing together clues and circumstances, seeking evidence, interrogating witnesses, and tracking down a criminal.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ Suspense is often maintained as an important plot element.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ This can be done through the use of the soundtrack, camera angles, heavy shadows, and surprising plot twists.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ Alfred Hitchcock used all of these techniques, but would sometimes allow the audience in on a pending threat then draw out the moment for dramatic effect.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ This genre has ranged from early mystery tales, fictional or literary detective stories, to classic Hitchcockian suspense-thrillers to classic private detective films.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ A related film subgenre is spy films.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ Mystery films mainly focus with solving a crime or a puzzle.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ The mystery generally revolves around a murder which must then be solved by policemen, private detectives, or amateur sleuths.", "Mulholland Drive (film) __knowledge__ Mulholland Drive (stylized as Mulholland Dr.) is a 2001 American neo-noir mystery film written and directed by David Lynch and starring Naomi Watts, Laura Harring, Justin Theroux, Ann Miller, and Robert Forster.", "Mulholland Drive (film) __knowledge__ It tells the story of an aspiring actress named Betty Elms (Watts), newly arrived in Los Angeles, who meets and befriends an amnesiac woman (Harring) hiding in an apartment which belongs to Betty's aunt.", "Mulholland Drive (film) __knowledge__ The story includes several other seemingly unrelated vignettes that eventually interlock, as well as some surreal and darkly comedic scenes and images that relate to the cryptic narrative.", "Mystery of the Wax Museum __knowledge__ Mystery of the Wax Museum is a 1933 American pre-Code mystery-horror film directed by Michael Curtiz and released by Warner Bros. in two-color Technicolor.", "Mystery of the Wax Museum __knowledge__ The film stars Lionel Atwill, Fay Wray, Glenda Farrell, and Frank McHugh.", "Mystery of the Wax Museum __knowledge__ This film, along with Warner's \"Doctor X\", were the last dramatic fiction films made using the two-color Technicolor process.", "Mystery of the Wax Museum __knowledge__ Ivan Igor (Lionel Atwill) is a sculptor who operates a wax museum in 1921 London.", "Mystery of the Wax Museum __knowledge__ He gives a private tour to a friend and an investor, showing them sculptures of Joan of Arc, Voltaire, and his favorite, Marie Antoinette.", "Mystery of the Wax Museum __knowledge__ Formerly a stone sculptor who did wax modeling as a hobby, he explains he turned to wax sculpting completely because he felt more \"satisfied\" that he could reproduce \"the warmth, flesh, and blood of life far better in wax than in cold stone\".", "Ekki múkk __knowledge__ \"Ekki múkk\" is the second track on Sigur Rós' sixth studio album, \"Valtari\".", "Ekki múkk __knowledge__ It premiered on the official website as well as an accompanying video on March 26, 2012.", "Ekki múkk __knowledge__ On Record Store Day, April 21, Sigur Rós released a 10-inch limited edition vinyl edition of \"Ekki múkk\" that plays inside out.", "Ekki múkk __knowledge__ Its B-side is an instrumental track titled \"Kvistur\".", "Ekki múkk __knowledge__ This B-side is also available as a pre-order bonus track for \"Valtari\".", "Ekki múkk __knowledge__ A \"moving art\" video for \"Ekki múkk\" was released on March 26, 2012 on the band's official website, Vimeo, and YouTube.", "Ekki múkk __knowledge__ On September 24 the second \"Ekki múkk\" video was released.", "Ekki múkk __knowledge__ The short narrates the story of a man lost in the English countryside.", "London After Midnight (film) __knowledge__ London After Midnight, also known as The Hypnotist, is a 1927 American silent mystery film with horror overtones directed by Tod Browning and starring Lon Chaney, Marceline Day, Conrad Nagel, Henry B. Walthall and Polly Moran.", "London After Midnight (film) __knowledge__ The film was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, and was based on the short story \"The Hypnotist\" by Tod Browning, who also directed the film.", "London After Midnight (film) __knowledge__ The last copy of the film known to exist was destroyed in the 1967 MGM vault fire, making \"London After Midnight\" one of the most famous and eagerly sought after of all lost films.", "London After Midnight (film) __knowledge__ In 2002, Turner Classic Movies aired a reconstructed version, produced by Rick Schmidlin, who used the original script and film stills to create this version.", "David Lynch __knowledge__ David Keith Lynch (born January 20, 1946) is an American filmmaker, painter, musician, actor, and photographer.", "David Lynch __knowledge__ He has been described by \"The Guardian\" as \"the most important director of this era.\"", "David Lynch __knowledge__ AllMovie called him \"the Renaissance man of modern American filmmaking,\" while the success of his films has led to him being labelled \"the first popular Surrealist.\"", "David Lynch __knowledge__ Born to a middle-class family in Missoula, Montana, Lynch spent his childhood traveling around the United States, before going on to study painting at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts in Philadelphia, where he first made the transition to producing short films.", "List of Scooby-Doo characters __knowledge__ This is a list of \"Scooby-Doo\" characters.", "List of Scooby-Doo characters __knowledge__ Scooby-Doo is an American animated franchise based around several animated television series and animated, as well as live action, movies.", "List of Scooby-Doo characters __knowledge__ There are five main characters in the franchise: Scooby-Doo, Shaggy Rogers, Fred Jones, Velma Dinkley, and Daphne Blake—known as \"Mystery Incorporated\".", "List of Scooby-Doo characters __knowledge__ There are also several recurring characters throughout the franchise, including their parents, friends, allies, and enemies.", "List of Scooby-Doo characters __knowledge__ The original series, \"Scooby-Doo, Where Are You?", "List of Scooby-Doo characters __knowledge__ \", premiered in 1969, and has spawned off many follow-up series, and several direct-to-DVD movies.", "Compton Domvile (Royal Navy officer) __knowledge__ Admiral Sir Compton Edward Domvile (10 October 1842 – 19 November 1924) was a distinguished Royal Navy officer in the Edwardian era.", "Compton Domvile (Royal Navy officer) __knowledge__ Compton Domvile was born on 10 October 1842 to Henry Barry Domvile (1813–1843) and Frances Domvile (née Winnington-Ingram) (d 1884).", "Compton Domvile (Royal Navy officer) __knowledge__ He was educated at the Royal Academy, Gosport.", "Compton Domvile (Royal Navy officer) __knowledge__ He married Isabella Peel, the daughter of Captain Edmund Yates Peel, on 3 November 1876.", "Compton Domvile (Royal Navy officer) __knowledge__ They had five children: Adelaide Mary Domvile (b 1877, died unmarried), Barry Edward Domvile (1878–1971), Archibald Compton Winnington Domvile (b 1884), Georgiana Isabella Francis Domvile (b 1888) and May Louise Domvile (b 1893).", "Shankill, Dublin __knowledge__ Shankill () is a suburb of Dublin, Ireland, situated in the administrative area of Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown.", "Shankill, Dublin __knowledge__ Located in the south-east of County Dublin, close to the border with County Wicklow, it has a population of 14,257 (2016 census).", "Shankill, Dublin __knowledge__ The name Shankill is believed to derive either from the Irish \"Sean-Chill\", meaning \"Old Church\", or \"Sean-Choill\", meaning \"Old Wood\".", "Shankill, Dublin __knowledge__ Shankill features a number of antiquities, including ráths and cromlechs.", "Shankill, Dublin __knowledge__ Around 1230, there were forests that were cleared under the orders of the then owner of Shankill, Archbishop Luke.", "Shankill, Dublin __knowledge__ Courts for serious crimes in the style of assizes were conducted at Shankill during this period.", "Barry Domvile __knowledge__ Admiral Sir Barry Edward Domvile KBE CB CMG (5 September 1878 – 13 August 1971) was a Royal Navy officer.", "Barry Domvile __knowledge__ He expressed pro-German and anti-semitic sentiments in the years before the Second World War, and was interned during the war as a Nazi sympathiser.", "Barry Domvile __knowledge__ Domvile was the son of Admiral Sir Compton Domvile and followed his father into the Royal Navy in 1892.", "Barry Domvile __knowledge__ In 1912 he became Assistant Secretary to the Committee of Imperial Defence, and during World War I he commanded the destroyer HMS \"Miranda\", the destroyer HMS \"Tipperary\", the cruiser HMS \"Centaur\" and then the cruiser HMS \"Curacoa\".", "Barry Domvile __knowledge__ After the war he became Director of Plans in 1920, and Chief of Staff to the Commander-in-Chief, Mediterranean in 1922 before becoming, in 1925, commanding officer of the battleship HMS \"Royal Sovereign\".", "Poë-Domvile baronets __knowledge__ The Poë, later Poë-Domvile Baronetcy, of Heywood in the Parish of Ballinakill in Queen's County, was a title in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom.", "Poë-Domvile baronets __knowledge__ It was created on 2 July 1912 for Hutcheson Poë, subsequently Lord Lieutenant of Queen's County (1920–22) and a Senator of the Irish Free State (1922–24).", "Poë-Domvile baronets __knowledge__ He married Mary Adelaide, only surviving daughter of Sir William Compton Domvile, 3rd Baronet (see Domvile Baronets).", "Poë-Domvile baronets __knowledge__ Through this marriage Heywood House came into the Poë family.", "Poë-Domvile baronets __knowledge__ Hugo Compton Domvile Poë, only son of the first baronet, was declared of unsound mind on 10 May 1929.", "Poë-Domvile baronets __knowledge__ On his father's death, he inherited the baronetcy.", "List of Ace Attorney characters __knowledge__ Ace Attorney is a series of legal thriller adventure/visual novel games created by Shu Takumi.", "List of Ace Attorney characters __knowledge__ Players assume the role of a defense attorney in a fictional courtroom setting.", "List of Ace Attorney characters __knowledge__ Published by Capcom, the series includes \"\", \"\", \"\", \"\", \"\", \"Ace Attorney Investigations 2\", \"\", \"\" and \"\".", "List of Ace Attorney characters __knowledge__ Character names for the English release of the series were changed significantly from the original Japanese release.", "List of Ace Attorney characters __knowledge__ Voiced by: Sam Riegel (games), Eric Vale, Jill Harris (young) (anime) (English) In a case in the third game, \"Trials and Tribulations\", his college self was revealed to be somewhat of a crybaby who cares very much for his girlfriend, Dahlia Hawthorne.", "Judeo-Masonic conspiracy theory __knowledge__ The Judeo-Masonic conspiracy is an antisemitic, antimasonic conspiracy theory involving an alleged secret coalition of Jews and Masons.", "Judeo-Masonic conspiracy theory __knowledge__ These theories were popular on the far-right, particularly in France, Spain, Portugal, Italy, Germany, Russia, and Eastern Europe, with similar allegations still being published.", "Judeo-Masonic conspiracy theory __knowledge__ The Judeo-Masonic conspiracy theory merges two older strains of conspiracy claims: Anti-Masonic conspiracy claims and Anti-Semitic conspiracy claims.", "Judeo-Masonic conspiracy theory __knowledge__ It was heavily influenced by publication of \"The Protocols of the Elders of Zion\", a forged document that appeared in the Russian Empire purporting to be an expose of a worldwide Jewish conspiracy." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mystery film __knowledge__ A mystery film is a genre of film that revolves around the solution of a problem or a crime.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ It focuses on the efforts of the detective, private investigator or amateur sleuth to solve the mysterious circumstances of an issue by means of clues, investigation, and clever deduction.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ The plot often centers on the deductive ability, prowess, confidence, or diligence of the detective as they attempt to unravel the crime or situation by piecing together clues and circumstances, seeking evidence, interrogating witnesses, and tracking down a criminal.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ Suspense is often maintained as an important plot element.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ This can be done through the use of the soundtrack, camera angles, heavy shadows, and surprising plot twists.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ Alfred Hitchcock used all of these techniques, but would sometimes allow the audience in on a pending threat then draw out the moment for dramatic effect.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ This genre has ranged from early mystery tales, fictional or literary detective stories, to classic Hitchcockian suspense-thrillers to classic private detective films.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ A related film subgenre is spy films.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ Mystery films mainly focus with solving a crime or a puzzle.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ The mystery generally revolves around a murder which must then be solved by policemen, private detectives, or amateur sleuths.", "Mulholland Drive (film) __knowledge__ Mulholland Drive (stylized as Mulholland Dr.) is a 2001 American neo-noir mystery film written and directed by David Lynch and starring Naomi Watts, Laura Harring, Justin Theroux, Ann Miller, and Robert Forster.", "Mulholland Drive (film) __knowledge__ It tells the story of an aspiring actress named Betty Elms (Watts), newly arrived in Los Angeles, who meets and befriends an amnesiac woman (Harring) hiding in an apartment which belongs to Betty's aunt.", "Mulholland Drive (film) __knowledge__ The story includes several other seemingly unrelated vignettes that eventually interlock, as well as some surreal and darkly comedic scenes and images that relate to the cryptic narrative.", "Yaar Nee? __knowledge__ (Tamil:யார் நீ?, English: Who are you?)", "Yaar Nee? __knowledge__ is a 1966 black-and-white Tamil psychological thriller mystery film directed by Sathyam and produced by P. S. Veerappa.", "Yaar Nee? __knowledge__ The dialogues were written by M. K. Ramu.", "Yaar Nee? __knowledge__ The film stars Jaishankar and Jayalalitha playing lead roles.", "Yaar Nee? __knowledge__ It is a remake of Hindi film \"Woh Kaun Thi?\"", "Yaar Nee? __knowledge__ (1964).", "Yaar Nee? __knowledge__ The film became successful at Box Office.", "Yaar Nee? __knowledge__ Jaishankar and J. Jayalalitha both acted during the same year in another thriller film followed: \"Nee (film)\"(1966).", "Yaar Nee? __knowledge__ The Telugu remake of this film was Aame Evaru?", "Yaar Nee? __knowledge__ which again starred Jayalalithaa in lead role opposite Kongara Jaggaiah and was made after success of Yaar Nee.", "Mystery of the Wax Museum __knowledge__ Mystery of the Wax Museum is a 1933 American pre-Code mystery-horror film directed by Michael Curtiz and released by Warner Bros. in two-color Technicolor.", "Mystery of the Wax Museum __knowledge__ The film stars Lionel Atwill, Fay Wray, Glenda Farrell, and Frank McHugh.", "Mystery of the Wax Museum __knowledge__ This film, along with Warner's \"Doctor X\", were the last dramatic fiction films made using the two-color Technicolor process.", "Mystery of the Wax Museum __knowledge__ Ivan Igor (Lionel Atwill) is a sculptor who operates a wax museum in 1921 London.", "Mystery of the Wax Museum __knowledge__ He gives a private tour to a friend and an investor, showing them sculptures of Joan of Arc, Voltaire, and his favorite, Marie Antoinette.", "Mystery of the Wax Museum __knowledge__ Formerly a stone sculptor who did wax modeling as a hobby, he explains he turned to wax sculpting completely because he felt more \"satisfied\" that he could reproduce \"the warmth, flesh, and blood of life far better in wax than in cold stone\".", "David Lynch __knowledge__ David Keith Lynch (born January 20, 1946) is an American filmmaker, painter, musician, actor, and photographer.", "David Lynch __knowledge__ He has been described by \"The Guardian\" as \"the most important director of this era.\"", "David Lynch __knowledge__ AllMovie called him \"the Renaissance man of modern American filmmaking,\" while the success of his films has led to him being labelled \"the first popular Surrealist.\"", "David Lynch __knowledge__ Born to a middle-class family in Missoula, Montana, Lynch spent his childhood traveling around the United States, before going on to study painting at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts in Philadelphia, where he first made the transition to producing short films.", "The Usual Suspects __knowledge__ The Usual Suspects is a 1995 American neo-noir mystery film directed by Bryan Singer and written by Christopher McQuarrie.", "The Usual Suspects __knowledge__ It stars Stephen Baldwin, Gabriel Byrne, Benicio del Toro, Kevin Pollak, Chazz Palminteri, Pete Postlethwaite, and Kevin Spacey.", "The Usual Suspects __knowledge__ The plot follows the interrogation of Roger \"Verbal\" Kint, a small-time con man who is one of only two survivors of a massacre and fire on a ship docked at the Port of Los Angeles.", "The Usual Suspects __knowledge__ He tells an interrogator a convoluted story about events that led him and his partners in crime to the boat, and about a mysterious mob boss known as Keyser Söze who commissioned their work.", "Sean Penn __knowledge__ Sean Justin Penn (born August 17, 1960) is an American actor, filmmaker, and political activist.", "Sean Penn __knowledge__ He has won two Academy Awards, for his roles in the mystery drama \"Mystic River\" (2003) and the biopic \"Milk\" (2008).", "Sean Penn __knowledge__ Penn began his acting career in television with a brief appearance in episode 112 of \"Little House on the Prairie\" (December 4, 1974), directed by his father Leo Penn.", "Sean Penn __knowledge__ Following his film debut in the drama \"Taps\" (1981) and a diverse range of film roles in the 1980s, including \"Fast Times at Ridgemont High\" (1982), Penn garnered critical attention for his roles in the crime dramas \"At Close Range\" (1986), \"State of Grace\" (1990), and \"Carlito's Way\" (1993).", "Love __knowledge__ Love encompasses a variety of different emotional and mental states, typically strongly and positively experienced, ranging from the deepest interpersonal affection to the simplest pleasure.", "Love __knowledge__ An example of this range of meanings is that the love of a mother differs from the love of a spouse differs from the love of food.", "Love __knowledge__ Most commonly, love refers to a feeling of strong attraction and emotional attachment.", "Love __knowledge__ Love can also be a virtue representing human kindness, compassion, and affection—\"the unselfish loyal and benevolent concern for the good of another\".", "Love __knowledge__ It may also describe compassionate and affectionate actions towards other humans, one's self or animals.", "Courtney Love __knowledge__ Courtney Michelle Love (born Courtney Michelle Harrison; July 9, 1964) is an American singer, songwriter, actress, and visual artist.", "Courtney Love __knowledge__ A notable presence in the punk and grunge scenes of the 1990s, Love has enjoyed a career that spans four decades.", "Courtney Love __knowledge__ She rose to prominence as the frontwoman of the alternative rock band Hole, which she formed in 1989.", "Courtney Love __knowledge__ Love has drawn public attention for her uninhibited live performances and confrontational lyrics, as well as her highly publicized personal life following her marriage to Kurt Cobain.", "Courtney Love __knowledge__ The daughter of Hank Harrison and psychotherapist Linda Carroll, Love had an itinerant early life.", "Angelina Love __knowledge__ Lauren Ann Williams (born September 13, 1981) is a Canadian professional wrestler best known for her time in TNA/Impact Wrestling under the ring name Angelina Love.", "Angelina Love __knowledge__ In Impact Wrestling, she has held the TNA Knockouts Championship six times and was a one-time TNA Knockouts Tag Team Champion with Winter.", "Angelina Love __knowledge__ Williams debuted in wrestling in 2000, working for independent promotions around Canada under the ring name Angel Williams.", "Angelina Love __knowledge__ Her all-time favorite wrestler Shawn Michaels was her inspiration to get into wrestling.", "Angelina Love __knowledge__ She was first a valet for various wrestlers such as Chris Sabin and Eric Young, and then began in-ring training under Rob Fuego.", "Romance (love) __knowledge__ Romance is the expressive and pleasurable feeling from an emotional attraction towards another person.", "Romance (love) __knowledge__ This feeling is associated with, but does not necessitate, sexual attraction.", "Romance (love) __knowledge__ For most people it is eros rather than agape, philia, or storge.", "Romance (love) __knowledge__ In the context of romantic love relationships, romance usually implies an expression of one's strong romantic love, or one's deep and strong emotional desires to connect with another person intimately or romantically.", "Romance (love) __knowledge__ Historically, the term \"\"romance\"\" originates with the medieval ideal of chivalry as set out in its \"chivalric romance\" literature.", "Romance (love) __knowledge__ Humans have a natural inclination to form bonds with one another through social interactions, be it through verbal communication or nonverbal gestures.", "Kevin Love __knowledge__ Kevin Wesley Love (born September 7, 1988) is an American professional basketball player for the Cleveland Cavaliers of the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Kevin Love __knowledge__ He is a five-time All-Star and won an NBA championship with the Cavaliers in 2016.", "Kevin Love __knowledge__ He was also a member of the gold medal-winning USA men's national team at the 2010 FIBA World Championship and the 2012 Summer Olympics.", "Kevin Love __knowledge__ The son of former NBA player Stan Love, Love was a top ranked prospect out of Lake Oswego High School in Oregon.", "Kevin Love __knowledge__ He played one season of college basketball for the UCLA Bruins and led the team to a Final Four appearance in the 2008 NCAA Tournament.", "Jewish views on love __knowledge__ Judaism offers a variety of views regarding the love of God, love among human beings, and love for non-human animals.", "Jewish views on love __knowledge__ Love is a central value in Jewish ethics and Jewish theology.", "Jewish views on love __knowledge__ One of the core commandments of Judaism is \"Love your neighbor as yourself\" (Leviticus 19:18), sometimes called the Great Commandment.", "Jewish views on love __knowledge__ This commandment stands at the center of the central book in the Torah.", "Jewish views on love __knowledge__ The Talmudic sages Hillel and Rabbi Akiva indicated that this is the central commandment of the Torah.", "Jewish views on love __knowledge__ The commandment emboldens individuals to treat each other as equals which requires first valuing oneself in order to be able to mirror that love onto others.", "Crazy in Love __knowledge__ \"Crazy in Love\" is a song by American singer Beyoncé featuring American rapper Jay-Z, from Beyoncé's debut solo studio album \"Dangerously in Love\" (2003).", "Crazy in Love __knowledge__ Both artists wrote and composed the song in collaboration with Rich Harrison and Eugene Record; the former also produced it with Beyoncé.", "Crazy in Love __knowledge__ Using samples from The Chi-Lites's 1970 song \"Are You My Woman (Tell Me So)\", \"Crazy in Love\" is a contemporary R&B and pop love song that incorporates elements of hip hop, soul, and 1970s-style funk music.", "Crazy in Love __knowledge__ Its lyrics describe a romantic obsession that causes the protagonist to act out of character.", "Crazy in Love __knowledge__ Columbia Records released \"Crazy in Love\" as the lead single from \"Dangerously in Love\" on May 18, 2003." ] ]

[ 4, 48, 3, 0, 0 ]

[ "i do too ! as this kind of movies are full of suspense.", "well it focuses on the efforts of the detective, and it's really not exclusive to fiction", "also the plot often centers on the ability of the detective as he attempts to solve the problem", "that's what i love about it too.", "the seeking for evidence, interrogating witnesses and tracking down a criminal i guess" ]

[ "Mystery film", "Mystery film", "Mystery film", "Mystery film", "Mystery film" ]

[ "Pit bull\nMy favorite breed of dog is the Pit bull, do you know much about them?", "Yes i love them, i used to have 3 of them not many years ago, and know i'm looking to get another one", "What are some characteristics of the American pit bull terrier ?", "That is awesome, i've always liked medium sized dogs the best!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Pit bull is the common name for a type of dog.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Formal breeds often considered in North America to be of the pit bull type include the American Pit Bull Terrier, American Staffordshire Terrier, American Bully, and Staffordshire Bull Terrier.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ The American Bulldog is also sometimes included.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Many of these breeds were originally developed as fighting dogs from cross breeding bull-baiting dogs (used to hold the faces and heads of larger animals such as bulls) and terriers.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ After the use of dogs in blood sports was banned, such dogs were used as catch dogs in the United States for semi-wild cattle and hogs, to hunt and drive livestock, and as family companions.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Despite dog fighting now being illegal in the United States, it still exists as an underground activity, and pit bulls are a common breed of choice.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ The term pit bull is often used loosely to describe dogs with similar physical characteristics, and the morphological (physical) variation amongst \"bully breed\" dogs makes it difficult for anyone, even experts, to visually identify them as distinct from \"non-pit bulls\".", "Pit bull __knowledge__ While mixed breed dogs are often labeled as \"pit bulls\" if they have certain physical characteristics such as a square shaped head or bulky body type, visual identification of mixed breed dogs is not recommended by the scholarly community.", "Breed-specific legislation __knowledge__ Breed-specific legislation is a law passed by a legislative body pertaining to a specific breed or breeds of domesticated animals.", "Breed-specific legislation __knowledge__ In practice, it generally refers to laws pertaining to a specific dog breed or breeds.", "Breed-specific legislation __knowledge__ Some jurisdictions have enacted breed-specific legislation in response to a number of well-publicized incidents involving pit bull-type dogs or other dog breeds commonly used in dog fighting, and some government organizations such as the United States Army and Marine Corps have taken administrative action as well.", "Breed-specific legislation __knowledge__ This legislation ranges from outright bans on the possession of these dogs, to restrictions and conditions on ownership, and often establishes a legal presumption that these dogs are \"prima facie\" legally \"dangerous\" or \"vicious\".", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ The American Pit Bull Terrier (APBT) is a dog breed.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ It is a medium-sized, solidly-built, intelligent, short-haired dog whose early ancestors came from the British Isles.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ When compared with the English Staffordshire Bull Terrier (another breed within the type commonly called pit bulls), the American Pit Bull Terrier is larger by margins of in height and in weight.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ The American Pit Bull Terrier varies in size.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ Males normally are about 18-21 inches (45–53 cm) in height and around 35-60 pounds (15–27 kg) in weight.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ Females are normally around 17-20 inches (43–50 cm) in height and 30-50 pounds (13–22 kg) in weight.", "Dog fighting __knowledge__ Dog fighting is a type of blood sport generally defined as two or more game dogs against one another in a ring or a pit for the entertainment of the spectators or the gratification of the dogfighters, who are sometimes referred to as dogmen.", "Dog fighting __knowledge__ In rural areas, fights are often staged in barns or outdoor pits; in urban areas, fights may occur in garages, basements, warehouses, abandoned buildings, back alleys, neighborhood playgrounds, or in the streets.", "Dog fighting __knowledge__ Dog fights usually last until one dog is declared a winner, which occurs when one dog fails to scratch, one dog dies, or one dog jumps out of the pit.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ Dog fighting in the United States is an activity in which fights between two game dogs are staged as a form of entertainment and gambling.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ Such activity has existed since the early 19th century in the United States and was gradually prohibited in all states.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ It continues as an underground activity in both rural and urban locations.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ In the late 20th century, police and animal control law enforcement task forces of primarily local and state authorities were formed in many parts of the country to combat dog fighting rings to combat serious animal welfare violations with links to organized crime and social problems.", "Carnival Capers __knowledge__ Carnival Capers is a 1932 animated short film featuring Oswald the Lucky Rabbit.", "Carnival Capers __knowledge__ It is the 65th Oswald cartoon by Walter Lantz Productions and the 117th in the entire series.", "Carnival Capers __knowledge__ Oswald and the girl beagle (making her debut in this film) are at the fair, dancing on a wooden platform.", "Carnival Capers __knowledge__ All of a sudden, a large oppressive pit bull pulls it right under their feet, much to their surprise.", "Carnival Capers __knowledge__ The pit bull pretends to apologize in giving Oswald a handshake but snaps a rat trap at the rabbit's hand instead.", "Carnival Capers __knowledge__ When the large dog flirts with the girl beagle, the annoyed Oswald quickly takes her and walks out of the scene.", "Dog bite __knowledge__ A dog bite is a bite inflicted upon a person, a group of persons or another animal by a dog.", "Dog bite __knowledge__ One or more successive bites is often considered a dog attack.", "Dog bite __knowledge__ The majority of dog bites do not result in injury, disfigurement, infection or permanent disability.", "Dog bite __knowledge__ Another type of dog bite is the 'soft bite' displayed by well-trained dogs, puppies and in non-aggressive play.", "Dog bite __knowledge__ Situations in which dog bites occur include dog fighting, mistreatment, trained dogs acting as guard or military animals, provoked or unprovoked.", "Dog bite __knowledge__ There is considerable debate on whether or not certain breeds of dogs are inherently more prone to commit attacks causing serious injury (i.e., so driven by instinct and breeding that, under certain circumstances, they are exceedingly likely to attempt or commit dangerous attacks)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Pit bull is the common name for a type of dog.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Formal breeds often considered in North America to be of the pit bull type include the American Pit Bull Terrier, American Staffordshire Terrier, American Bully, and Staffordshire Bull Terrier.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ The American Bulldog is also sometimes included.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Many of these breeds were originally developed as fighting dogs from cross breeding bull-baiting dogs (used to hold the faces and heads of larger animals such as bulls) and terriers.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ After the use of dogs in blood sports was banned, such dogs were used as catch dogs in the United States for semi-wild cattle and hogs, to hunt and drive livestock, and as family companions.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Despite dog fighting now being illegal in the United States, it still exists as an underground activity, and pit bulls are a common breed of choice.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ The term pit bull is often used loosely to describe dogs with similar physical characteristics, and the morphological (physical) variation amongst \"bully breed\" dogs makes it difficult for anyone, even experts, to visually identify them as distinct from \"non-pit bulls\".", "Pit bull __knowledge__ While mixed breed dogs are often labeled as \"pit bulls\" if they have certain physical characteristics such as a square shaped head or bulky body type, visual identification of mixed breed dogs is not recommended by the scholarly community.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ \"Regular Show\" is an American animated series created by J. G. Quintel.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ The series contains many characters, with seven main characters and various recurring and one-time characters.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai (voiced by J. G. Quintel) is a 5'10\" anthropomorphic blue jay (6' including the crest) who works as a groundskeeper at The Park.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ He has been best friends with Rigby ever since childhood, and together they are very lazy and constantly slack off at their jobs there.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai is more conscientious, mature, and moral about his actions than Rigby is, which sometimes leads to his opposing Rigby when he is the cause of some kind of chaotic problem.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the DreamWorks animated film media franchise \"Kung Fu Panda\", with their shorts and specials \"Secrets of the Furious Five\", \"Kung Fu Panda Holiday\", \"\", and \"\", as well as the video games and TV show \"\".", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The world of \"Kung Fu Panda\" is a fantasized version of ancient China as typically depicted in the wuxia film genre populated by anthropomorphized Asian animals where the martial arts can have magical qualities on top of extraordinary physical prowess for those sufficiently skilled.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ Master Po Ping (Chinese for \"Precious Peace\"), born Lotus Shan, is the titular protagonist of the \"Kung Fu Panda\" franchise.", "List of The Story of Saiunkoku characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the light novel, anime and manga series, \"The Story of Saiunkoku\".", "List of The Story of Saiunkoku characters __knowledge__ The Hong clan is the second most powerful clan in the fictional country of Saiunkoku.", "List of The Story of Saiunkoku characters __knowledge__ The clan's specialties are growing tangerines and creating special \"seven-colored\" ink.", "List of The Story of Saiunkoku characters __knowledge__ Their clan seal bears the emblems of a paulownia, bamboo, phoenix, and kirin.", "List of The Story of Saiunkoku characters __knowledge__ is the daughter and only child of Shōka Hong.", "List of The Story of Saiunkoku characters __knowledge__ She is sixteen years old when the story begins.", "List of The Story of Saiunkoku characters __knowledge__ As a descendant of the direct line, she has the title hime, which means 'Princess' or 'Lady'.", "List of The Story of Saiunkoku characters __knowledge__ Despite the high social status of her family, Shūrei grew up in relatively impoverished circumstances.", "List of One Tree Hill characters __knowledge__ One Tree Hill is an American television series created by Mark Schwahn for The WB in 2003.", "List of One Tree Hill characters __knowledge__ After its third season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which then became the broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of One Tree Hill characters __knowledge__ Schwahn served as executive producer while also writing and directing for the show, including the premieres and finales of all seasons.", "List of One Tree Hill characters __knowledge__ The show began with nine main characters in its first season.", "List of One Tree Hill characters __knowledge__ After that, characters from that first season left the show, with new main characters having been both written in and out of the series.", "List of One Tree Hill characters __knowledge__ Originally, it followed two half-brothers Lucas and Nathan Scott who started out as enemies but later formed a close bond as brothers.", "Breed-specific legislation __knowledge__ Breed-specific legislation is a law passed by a legislative body pertaining to a specific breed or breeds of domesticated animals.", "Breed-specific legislation __knowledge__ In practice, it generally refers to laws pertaining to a specific dog breed or breeds.", "Breed-specific legislation __knowledge__ Some jurisdictions have enacted breed-specific legislation in response to a number of well-publicized incidents involving pit bull-type dogs or other dog breeds commonly used in dog fighting, and some government organizations such as the United States Army and Marine Corps have taken administrative action as well.", "Breed-specific legislation __knowledge__ This legislation ranges from outright bans on the possession of these dogs, to restrictions and conditions on ownership, and often establishes a legal presumption that these dogs are \"prima facie\" legally \"dangerous\" or \"vicious\".", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ Dog fighting in the United States is an activity in which fights between two game dogs are staged as a form of entertainment and gambling.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ Such activity has existed since the early 19th century in the United States and was gradually prohibited in all states.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ It continues as an underground activity in both rural and urban locations.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ In the late 20th century, police and animal control law enforcement task forces of primarily local and state authorities were formed in many parts of the country to combat dog fighting rings to combat serious animal welfare violations with links to organized crime and social problems.", "Dog fighting __knowledge__ Dog fighting is a type of blood sport generally defined as two or more game dogs against one another in a ring or a pit for the entertainment of the spectators or the gratification of the dogfighters, who are sometimes referred to as dogmen.", "Dog fighting __knowledge__ In rural areas, fights are often staged in barns or outdoor pits; in urban areas, fights may occur in garages, basements, warehouses, abandoned buildings, back alleys, neighborhood playgrounds, or in the streets.", "Dog fighting __knowledge__ Dog fights usually last until one dog is declared a winner, which occurs when one dog fails to scratch, one dog dies, or one dog jumps out of the pit.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ The American Pit Bull Terrier (APBT) is a dog breed.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ It is a medium-sized, solidly-built, intelligent, short-haired dog whose early ancestors came from the British Isles.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ When compared with the English Staffordshire Bull Terrier (another breed within the type commonly called pit bulls), the American Pit Bull Terrier is larger by margins of in height and in weight.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ The American Pit Bull Terrier varies in size.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ Males normally are about 18-21 inches (45–53 cm) in height and around 35-60 pounds (15–27 kg) in weight.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ Females are normally around 17-20 inches (43–50 cm) in height and 30-50 pounds (13–22 kg) in weight.", "BAD RAP (organization) __knowledge__ BAD RAP (acronym for Bay Area Dog-lovers Responsible About Pit Bulls) is an animal welfare and rescue group based in Oakland, California, devoted to caring for and improving the public image of pit bull terriers as pets.", "BAD RAP (organization) __knowledge__ BAD RAP is a federal non-profit organization (under IRS Code 501(c)3) located in Oakland, California.", "BAD RAP (organization) __knowledge__ It was incorporated in 1999 to address the needs of homeless dogs, specifically homeless American Pit Bull Terriers, and to provide support and resources to animal welfare organizations that deal with pit bulls.", "BAD RAP (organization) __knowledge__ The organization also focuses on providing owner support, in the form of training, spay/neuter assistance and other resources, to families who own pit bulls.", "Pittsburgh Xplosion __knowledge__ The Pittsburgh Xplosion was a member of the Continental Basketball Association from 2006–2008.", "Pittsburgh Xplosion __knowledge__ Founded in 2004 as the Pittsburgh Hard Hats as a member of the ABA, the team, following an ownership change, took the court as the Pennsylvania Pit Bulls.", "Pittsburgh Xplosion __knowledge__ The team became the Xplosion in 2005, and joined the CBA in 2006.", "Pittsburgh Xplosion __knowledge__ It has been replaced in the ABA with the modern day Pittsburgh Phantoms.", "Pittsburgh Xplosion __knowledge__ The Xplosion played at Pittsburgh Civic Arena and on the campus of the University of Pittsburgh at the Petersen Events Center, both in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.", "Pittsburgh Xplosion __knowledge__ The Pittsburgh Hardhats were an American Basketball Association team based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Pit bull is the common name for a type of dog.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Formal breeds often considered in North America to be of the pit bull type include the American Pit Bull Terrier, American Staffordshire Terrier, American Bully, and Staffordshire Bull Terrier.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ The American Bulldog is also sometimes included.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Many of these breeds were originally developed as fighting dogs from cross breeding bull-baiting dogs (used to hold the faces and heads of larger animals such as bulls) and terriers.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ After the use of dogs in blood sports was banned, such dogs were used as catch dogs in the United States for semi-wild cattle and hogs, to hunt and drive livestock, and as family companions.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Despite dog fighting now being illegal in the United States, it still exists as an underground activity, and pit bulls are a common breed of choice.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ The term pit bull is often used loosely to describe dogs with similar physical characteristics, and the morphological (physical) variation amongst \"bully breed\" dogs makes it difficult for anyone, even experts, to visually identify them as distinct from \"non-pit bulls\".", "Pit bull __knowledge__ While mixed breed dogs are often labeled as \"pit bulls\" if they have certain physical characteristics such as a square shaped head or bulky body type, visual identification of mixed breed dogs is not recommended by the scholarly community.", "Breed-specific legislation __knowledge__ Breed-specific legislation is a law passed by a legislative body pertaining to a specific breed or breeds of domesticated animals.", "Breed-specific legislation __knowledge__ In practice, it generally refers to laws pertaining to a specific dog breed or breeds.", "Breed-specific legislation __knowledge__ Some jurisdictions have enacted breed-specific legislation in response to a number of well-publicized incidents involving pit bull-type dogs or other dog breeds commonly used in dog fighting, and some government organizations such as the United States Army and Marine Corps have taken administrative action as well.", "Breed-specific legislation __knowledge__ This legislation ranges from outright bans on the possession of these dogs, to restrictions and conditions on ownership, and often establishes a legal presumption that these dogs are \"prima facie\" legally \"dangerous\" or \"vicious\".", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ The American Pit Bull Terrier (APBT) is a dog breed.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ It is a medium-sized, solidly-built, intelligent, short-haired dog whose early ancestors came from the British Isles.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ When compared with the English Staffordshire Bull Terrier (another breed within the type commonly called pit bulls), the American Pit Bull Terrier is larger by margins of in height and in weight.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ The American Pit Bull Terrier varies in size.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ Males normally are about 18-21 inches (45–53 cm) in height and around 35-60 pounds (15–27 kg) in weight.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ Females are normally around 17-20 inches (43–50 cm) in height and 30-50 pounds (13–22 kg) in weight.", "Dog fighting __knowledge__ Dog fighting is a type of blood sport generally defined as two or more game dogs against one another in a ring or a pit for the entertainment of the spectators or the gratification of the dogfighters, who are sometimes referred to as dogmen.", "Dog fighting __knowledge__ In rural areas, fights are often staged in barns or outdoor pits; in urban areas, fights may occur in garages, basements, warehouses, abandoned buildings, back alleys, neighborhood playgrounds, or in the streets.", "Dog fighting __knowledge__ Dog fights usually last until one dog is declared a winner, which occurs when one dog fails to scratch, one dog dies, or one dog jumps out of the pit.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ Dog fighting in the United States is an activity in which fights between two game dogs are staged as a form of entertainment and gambling.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ Such activity has existed since the early 19th century in the United States and was gradually prohibited in all states.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ It continues as an underground activity in both rural and urban locations.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ In the late 20th century, police and animal control law enforcement task forces of primarily local and state authorities were formed in many parts of the country to combat dog fighting rings to combat serious animal welfare violations with links to organized crime and social problems.", "Bull and Terrier __knowledge__ The Bull and Terrier is a breed of dog that was the progenitor of the American Pit Bull Terrier, American Staffordshire Terrier, English Bull Terrier and the Staffordshire Bull Terrier.", "Bull and Terrier __knowledge__ The Bull and Terrier is a cross between the Old English Bulldog and a variety of Terriers.", "Bull and Terrier __knowledge__ The anatomy of the Bull and Terrier is the result of selective breeding for the purpose of hunting, dog fighting and baiting.", "Bull and Terrier __knowledge__ Most terriers, of the past and present, carried or carry a quarter to an eighth Old English Bulldog blood in them in order, allegedly, to give courage to bear the bites of the prey they are meant to attack.", "American Staffordshire Terrier __knowledge__ The American Staffordshire Terrier, also known as \"Amstaff\" (in the United States), is a medium-sized, short-coated American dog breed.", "American Staffordshire Terrier __knowledge__ In the early part of the twentieth century the breed gained social stature and was accepted by the American Kennel Club in 1936.", "American Staffordshire Terrier __knowledge__ The name was changed to reflect difference from the Staffordshire Bull Terrier of England.", "American Staffordshire Terrier __knowledge__ Despite its name, the Staffordshire Terrier's ancestor (Bull and Terrier) was first bred in the nineteenth century in Birmingham, West Midlands, rather than in the English county of Staffordshire where it was then later bred.", "American Staffordshire Terrier __knowledge__ The early ancestors of this breed came from England where, until the first part of the 19th century, the Bulldog was bred." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Pit bull is the common name for a type of dog.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Formal breeds often considered in North America to be of the pit bull type include the American Pit Bull Terrier, American Staffordshire Terrier, American Bully, and Staffordshire Bull Terrier.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ The American Bulldog is also sometimes included.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Many of these breeds were originally developed as fighting dogs from cross breeding bull-baiting dogs (used to hold the faces and heads of larger animals such as bulls) and terriers.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ After the use of dogs in blood sports was banned, such dogs were used as catch dogs in the United States for semi-wild cattle and hogs, to hunt and drive livestock, and as family companions.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Despite dog fighting now being illegal in the United States, it still exists as an underground activity, and pit bulls are a common breed of choice.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ The term pit bull is often used loosely to describe dogs with similar physical characteristics, and the morphological (physical) variation amongst \"bully breed\" dogs makes it difficult for anyone, even experts, to visually identify them as distinct from \"non-pit bulls\".", "Pit bull __knowledge__ While mixed breed dogs are often labeled as \"pit bulls\" if they have certain physical characteristics such as a square shaped head or bulky body type, visual identification of mixed breed dogs is not recommended by the scholarly community.", "Red fox __knowledge__ The red fox (\"Vulpes vulpes\") is the largest of the true foxes and one of the most widely distributed members of the order Carnivora, being present across the entire Northern Hemisphere from the Arctic Circle to North Africa, North America and Eurasia.", "Red fox __knowledge__ It is listed as least concern by the IUCN.", "Red fox __knowledge__ Its range has increased alongside human expansion, having been introduced to Australia, where it is considered harmful to native mammals and bird populations.", "Red fox __knowledge__ Due to its presence in Australia, it is included among the list of the \"world's 100 worst invasive species\".", "Red fox __knowledge__ The red fox originated from smaller-sized ancestors from Eurasia during the Middle Villafranchian period, and colonised North America shortly after the Wisconsin glaciation.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ The Greater Swiss Mountain Dog ( or ) is a dog breed which was developed in the Swiss Alps.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ The name \"Sennenhund\" refers to people called \"Senn\" or \"Senner\", dairymen and herders in the Swiss Alps.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ Greater Swiss Mountain Dogs are almost certainly the result of indigenous dogs mating with large mastiff types brought to Switzerland by foreign settlers.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ At one time, the breed was believed to have been among the most popular in Switzerland.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ It was assumed to have almost died out by the late 19th century, since its work was being done by other breeds or machines, but was rediscovered in the early 1900s.", "Evolution of the wolf __knowledge__ The evolution of the wolf occurred over a geologic time scale of 800 thousand years, transforming the first Middle Pleistocene wolf specimen that is recognized as being morphologically similar to \"Canis lupus\" into today's dog, dingo and gray wolf.", "Evolution of the wolf __knowledge__ Ecological factors including habitat type, climate, prey specialization and predatory competition has greatly influenced the wolf's genetic population structure and cranio-dental plasticity.", "Evolution of the wolf __knowledge__ Wolves went through a population bottleneck 20,000 years before present (YBP), which indicates that many wolf populations had gone extinct at a time that coincided with the Last Glacial Maximum and the expansion of modern humans worldwide with their technology for capturing large game.", "Shikoku dog __knowledge__ The is a native, primitive Japanese breed of dog from Shikoku island that is similar to a Shiba Inu.", "Shikoku dog __knowledge__ The Shikoku was recently added as recognized breed of the American Kennel Club as an AKC FSS standard [ Foundation Stock Service ], it is recognized by the Japan Kennel Club, an organization recognized by AKC as an official foreign registry (AKC recognizes the Shiba Inu, however).", "Shikoku dog __knowledge__ The Shikoku is also in the Canadian Kennel Club Hound group and the United Kennel Club, awaiting full recognition.", "Shikoku dog __knowledge__ In 1937 the Japanese Crown recognized the Shikoku dog as a living \"natural monument\" of Japan.", "Shikoku dog __knowledge__ The Shikoku is one of the native Japanese breeds descended from the Japanese wolf, it is intermediate in size between the large Akita Inu and the small Shiba Inu; all are within the Spitz family of dogs.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd (, ) is a breed of medium to large-sized working dog that originated in Germany.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed's officially recognized name is German Shepherd Dog in the English language (sometimes abbreviated as \"GSD\").", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed was once known as the Alsatian in Britain and Ireland.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd is a relatively new breed of dog, with their origin dating to 1899.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ As part of the Herding Group, German Shepherds are working dogs developed originally for herding sheep.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ Since that time however, because of their strength, intelligence, trainability, and obedience, German Shepherds around the world are often the preferred breed for many types of work, including disability assistance, search-and-rescue, police and military roles, and even acting.", "Feist (dog) __knowledge__ A Feist is a small hunting dog, descended from the terriers brought over to the United States by English miners and other working class immigrants.", "Feist (dog) __knowledge__ These terriers probably included crosses between the Smooth Fox Terrier, the Manchester Terrier and the now extinct English White Terrier.", "Feist (dog) __knowledge__ These dogs were used as ratters, and gambling on their prowess in killing rats was a favorite hobby of their owners.", "Feist (dog) __knowledge__ Some of these dogs have been crossed with Greyhounds, Whippets or Italian Greyhounds (for speed) and Beagles or other Hounds (for hunting ability) - extending the family to include a larger variety of purpose than the original ratter, or Rat Terrier.", "Carolina Dog __knowledge__ The Carolina dog is an ancient breed of medium sized wild dog that lives mostly in the Southeastern United States.", "Carolina Dog __knowledge__ They make good domestic pets with proper socialization and have been recently classified as a recognized Pariah and Spitz type domestic dog breed as well.", "Carolina Dog __knowledge__ Although re-domestication of Carolina dogs as a pet has recently become popular and the breed has been formally recognized, it is classed by the United Kennel Club in the Pariah Dog group.", "Carolina Dog __knowledge__ Carolina dogs show admixture with other dog breeds.", "Carolina Dog __knowledge__ The Carolina dog was rediscovered living as a wild dog or free roaming dog by Dr.", "Carolina Dog __knowledge__ I. Lehr Brisbin, and originally documented in American dog breed publications in the 1920s.", "Submarines of the Imperial Japanese Navy __knowledge__ Imperial Japanese Navy submarines originated with the purchase of five Holland type submarines from the United States in 1904.", "Submarines of the Imperial Japanese Navy __knowledge__ Japanese submarine forces progressively built up strength and expertise, becoming by the beginning of World War II one of the world's most varied and powerful submarine fleets.", "Submarines of the Imperial Japanese Navy __knowledge__ The Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) acquired its first submarines during the Russo-Japanese War on 12 December 1904 where they arrived in sections at the Yokohama dockyards.", "Submarines of the Imperial Japanese Navy __knowledge__ The vessels were purchased from the relatively new American company, Electric Boat, and were fully assembled and ready for combat operations by August 1905.", "Francisco Hernández de Córdoba (Yucatán conquistador) __knowledge__ Francisco Hernández de Córdoba (died 1517) was a Spanish \"conquistador\", known to history mainly for the ill-fated expedition he led in 1517, in the course of which the first European accounts of the Yucatán Peninsula were compiled.", "Francisco Hernández de Córdoba (Yucatán conquistador) __knowledge__ Together with some 110 discontented Spanish settlers in early colonial Cuba, Hernández de Córdoba petitioned the governor, Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar, for permission to launch an expedition in search of new lands and exploitable resources.", "Francisco Hernández de Córdoba (Yucatán conquistador) __knowledge__ This permission was granted after some haggling over terms, and the expedition consisting of three ships under Hernández de Córdoba's command left the harbor of Santiago de Cuba on February 8, 1517, to explore the shores of southern Mexico.", "Dutch Indies country house __knowledge__ Dutch Indies country houses (known as \"landhuizen, landhuis\" or \"thuyen\") are Dutch colonial country houses in the Dutch Indies, now Indonesia.", "Dutch Indies country house __knowledge__ Many country houses were built by the Dutch in its colonial settlements during the 18th century, such as Galle, Cape Town, and Curaçao, but none as solidly built and as grandeur as the Dutch colonial country houses of Batavia; much of Batavia's reputation as 'Queen of the East' rested on the grandeur of these 18th-century mansion.", "Dutch Indies country house __knowledge__ Architecturally, in the beginning, they were conceived as replicas of the Dutch architecture.", "Dutch Indies country house __knowledge__ Later, the design include features from Javanese vernacular architecture, partly to response to the tropical climate.", "Crocodilia __knowledge__ The Crocodilia (or Crocodylia) is an order of mostly large, predatory, semiaquatic reptiles, known as crocodilians.", "Crocodilia __knowledge__ They first appeared 83.5 million years ago in the Late Cretaceous period (Campanian stage) and are the closest living relatives of birds, as the two groups are the only known survivors of the Archosauria.", "Crocodilia __knowledge__ Members of the order's total group, the clade Pseudosuchia, appeared about 250 million years ago in the Early Triassic period, and diversified during the Mesozoic era.", "Crocodilia __knowledge__ The order Crocodilia includes the true crocodiles (family Crocodylidae), the alligators and caimans (family Alligatoridae), and the gharial and false gharial (family Gavialidae).", "Live and Learn in Kenya __knowledge__ Live and Learn in Kenya NGO (Non-Governmental Organization) is a charitable organization with the goal of changing the lives and the futures of children living in poverty in Nakuru, Kenya as well as in other parts of Kenya.", "Live and Learn in Kenya __knowledge__ Live and Learn in Kenya NGO (LLK) is a German-based registered non-profit, charitable organization.", "Live and Learn in Kenya __knowledge__ It was founded in 2001 in the small German town, Selb in Fichtelgebirge (Bavaria).", "Live and Learn in Kenya __knowledge__ They partnered with the Kenyan organization, Live and Learn in Kenya International (LLK Int'l) with the sole goal of assisting LLK Int'l to meet their goals in changing the lives and the futures of children living a desolate life of poverty.", "Out There (video game) __knowledge__ Out There is an Android and iOS game developed by Mi-Clos Studio and released on February 27, 2014.", "Out There (video game) __knowledge__ It was later released on PC, Mac and Linux through Steam.", "Out There (video game) __knowledge__ The story begins in the 22nd century.", "Out There (video game) __knowledge__ Earth is exhausted of resources and no longer a viable planet for its human civilization, whose unsustainable growing made it impossible for developing society any further.", "Out There (video game) __knowledge__ An astronaut is sent to Ganymede, a moon of Jupiter, in order to find viable resources to supply Earth.", "Out There (video game) __knowledge__ Onboard of his ship, the Nomad, the astronaut sleeps in cryonics until reaching his destiny.", "Out There (video game) __knowledge__ Unfortunately, he wakes up in an unknown location, far away from the Earth.", "Tanks in the German Army __knowledge__ This article on military tanks deals with the history of tanks serving in the German Army from World War I, the interwar period, and the Panzers of the German Wehrmacht during World War II, the Cold War and modern times.", "Tanks in the German Army __knowledge__ The development of tanks in World War I began as an attempt to break the stalemate which trench warfare had brought to the Western Front.", "Tanks in the German Army __knowledge__ The British and French both began experimenting in 1915, and deployed tanks in battle from 1916 and 1917 respectively.", "Tanks in the German Army __knowledge__ The Germans, on the other hand, were slower to develop tanks, concentrating on anti-tank weapons.", "Tanks in the German Army __knowledge__ The German response to the modest initial successes of the Allied tanks was the A7V, which, like some other tanks of the period, was based on caterpillar tracks of the type found on the American Holt Tractors." ] ]

[ 1, 54, 14, 33 ]

[ "Do you like Pit bulls?", "I prefer the American Pit Bull Terrier personally.", "They are medium sized and solidly built.", "I also like the Feist which is a small hunt dog." ]

[ "Pit bull", "Pit bull", "Pit bull", "Pit bull" ]

[ "Heavy metal music", "I would say that I prefer hard rock rather than metal. Although I do enjoy listening to Metallica and Iron Maiden.", "That's the first song and album that I listened to but the album that really got me hooked was Powerslave. I really enjoy a Brave New World too." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Heavy metal (or simply metal) is a genre of rock music that developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s, largely in the United Kingdom.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ With roots in blues rock and psychedelic/acid rock, the bands that created heavy metal developed a thick, massive sound, characterized by highly amplified distortion, extended guitar solos, emphatic beats, and overall loudness.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Heavy metal lyrics and performance styles are sometimes associated with aggression and machismo.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ In 1968, three of the genre's most famous acts, Led Zeppelin, Black Sabbath and Deep Purple were founded.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Though they came to attract wide audiences, they were often derided by critics.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ During the mid-1970s, Judas Priest helped spur the genre's evolution by discarding much of its blues influence; Motörhead introduced a punk rock sensibility and an increasing emphasis on speed.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Beginning in the late 1970s, bands in the new wave of British heavy metal such as Iron Maiden and Saxon followed in a similar vein.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Before the end of the decade, heavy metal fans became known as \"metalheads\" or \"headbangers\".", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ During the 1980s, glam metal became popular with groups such as Mötley Crüe and Poison.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Underground scenes produced an array of more aggressive styles: thrash metal broke into the mainstream with bands such as Metallica, Megadeth, Slayer, and Anthrax, while other extreme subgenres of metal such as death metal and black metal remain subcultural phenomena." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Heavy metal (or simply metal) is a genre of rock music that developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s, largely in the United Kingdom.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ With roots in blues rock and psychedelic/acid rock, the bands that created heavy metal developed a thick, massive sound, characterized by highly amplified distortion, extended guitar solos, emphatic beats, and overall loudness.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Heavy metal lyrics and performance styles are sometimes associated with aggression and machismo.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ In 1968, three of the genre's most famous acts, Led Zeppelin, Black Sabbath and Deep Purple were founded.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Though they came to attract wide audiences, they were often derided by critics.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ During the mid-1970s, Judas Priest helped spur the genre's evolution by discarding much of its blues influence; Motörhead introduced a punk rock sensibility and an increasing emphasis on speed.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Beginning in the late 1970s, bands in the new wave of British heavy metal such as Iron Maiden and Saxon followed in a similar vein.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Before the end of the decade, heavy metal fans became known as \"metalheads\" or \"headbangers\".", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ During the 1980s, glam metal became popular with groups such as Mötley Crüe and Poison.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Underground scenes produced an array of more aggressive styles: thrash metal broke into the mainstream with bands such as Metallica, Megadeth, Slayer, and Anthrax, while other extreme subgenres of metal such as death metal and black metal remain subcultural phenomena.", "Iron Maiden __knowledge__ Iron Maiden are an English heavy metal band formed in Leyton, East London, in 1975 by bassist and primary songwriter Steve Harris.", "Iron Maiden __knowledge__ The band's discography has grown to thirty-eight albums, including sixteen studio albums, twelve live albums, four EPs, and seven compilations.", "Iron Maiden __knowledge__ Pioneers of the new wave of British heavy metal, Iron Maiden achieved initial success during the early 1980s.", "Iron Maiden __knowledge__ After several line-up changes, the band went on to release a series of UK and US platinum and gold albums, including 1982's \"The Number of the Beast\", 1983's \"Piece of Mind\", 1984's \"Powerslave\", 1985's live release \"Live After Death\", 1986's \"Somewhere in Time\" and 1988's \"Seventh Son of a Seventh Son\".", "New wave of British heavy metal __knowledge__ The new wave of British heavy metal (commonly abbreviated as NWOBHM) was a nationwide musical movement that started in the United Kingdom in the late 1970s and achieved international attention by the early 1980s.", "New wave of British heavy metal __knowledge__ Journalist Geoff Barton coined the term in a May 1979 issue of the British music newspaper \"Sounds\" to describe the emergence of new heavy metal bands in the late 1970s, during the period of punk rock's decline and the dominance of new wave music.", "New wave of British heavy metal __knowledge__ Although encompassing diverse mainstream and underground styles, the music of the NWOBHM is best remembered for drawing on the heavy metal of the 1970s and infusing it with the intensity of punk rock to produce fast and aggressive songs.", "Metallica __knowledge__ Metallica is an American heavy metal band from Los Angeles, California.", "Metallica __knowledge__ The band was formed in 1981 by drummer Lars Ulrich and vocalist/guitarist James Hetfield.", "Metallica __knowledge__ The band's fast tempos, instrumentals and aggressive musicianship made them one of the founding \"big four\" bands of thrash metal, alongside Megadeth, Anthrax and Slayer.", "Metallica __knowledge__ Metallica's current lineup comprises founding members Hetfield and Ulrich, longtime lead guitarist Kirk Hammett and bassist Robert Trujillo.", "Metallica __knowledge__ Guitarist Dave Mustaine (who formed Megadeth) and bassists Ron McGovney, Cliff Burton and Jason Newsted are former members of the band.", "Dream Theater __knowledge__ Dream Theater is an American progressive metal band formed in 1985 under the name Majesty by John Petrucci, John Myung and Mike Portnoy while they attended Berklee College of Music in Boston, Massachusetts.", "Dream Theater __knowledge__ They subsequently dropped out of their studies to concentrate further on the band that would ultimately become Dream Theater.", "Dream Theater __knowledge__ Though a number of lineup changes followed, the three original members remained together along with James LaBrie and Jordan Rudess until September 8, 2010, when Portnoy left the band.", "Dream Theater __knowledge__ In October 2010, the band held auditions for a drummer to replace Portnoy.", "Dream Theater __knowledge__ Mike Mangini was announced as the new permanent drummer on April 29, 2011.", "Megadeth __knowledge__ Megadeth is an American heavy metal band from Los Angeles, California.", "Megadeth __knowledge__ Guitarist Dave Mustaine and bassist David Ellefson formed the band in 1983 shortly after Mustaine's dismissal from Metallica.", "Megadeth __knowledge__ A pioneer of the American thrash metal scene, Megadeth is credited as one of the genre's \"big four,\" along with Metallica, Anthrax, and Slayer, responsible for thrash metal's development and popularization.", "Megadeth __knowledge__ Megadeth plays in a technical style, featuring complex arrangements and fast rhythm sections.", "Megadeth __knowledge__ Themes of death, war, politics, and religion are prominent in the song lyrics.", "Megadeth __knowledge__ In 1985, the band released its debut album, \"Killing Is My Business... and Business Is Good!", "Bruce Dickinson __knowledge__ Paul Bruce Dickinson (born 7 August 1958) is an English singer, songwriter, musician, airline pilot, entrepreneur, author and broadcaster.", "Bruce Dickinson __knowledge__ He is the lead singer of the heavy metal band Iron Maiden and is renowned for his wide-ranging operatic vocal style and energetic stage presence.", "Bruce Dickinson __knowledge__ Born in Worksop, Nottinghamshire, Dickinson began his career in music fronting small pub bands in the 1970s while attending school in Sheffield and university in London.", "Bruce Dickinson __knowledge__ In 1979, he joined the new wave of British heavy metal band Samson, with whom he gained some popularity under the stage name \"Bruce Bruce\" and performed on two studio records.", "Heavy metal guitar __knowledge__ Heavy metal guitar (or simply metal guitar) is the use of highly-amplified electric guitar in heavy metal.", "Heavy metal guitar __knowledge__ Heavy metal guitar playing is rooted in the guitar playing styles developed in 1960s-era blues rock and psychedelic rock, and it uses a massive sound, characterized by highly amplified distortion, extended guitar solos and overall loudness.", "Heavy metal guitar __knowledge__ The electric guitar and the sonic power that it projects through amplification has historically been the key element in heavy metal.", "Heavy metal guitar __knowledge__ The heavy metal guitar sound comes from a combined use of high volumes and heavy distortion.", "Heavy metal guitar __knowledge__ Heavy metal bands often have two electric guitarists, with one guitarist playing rhythm guitar and one guitarist playing lead guitar.", "Rock music in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ British rock describes a wide variety of forms of music made in the United Kingdom.", "Rock music in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Since around 1964, with the \"British Invasion\" of the United States spearheaded by the Beatles, British rock music has had a considerable impact on the development of American music and rock music across the world.", "Rock music in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Initial attempts to emulate American rock and roll took place in Britain in the mid-1950s, but the terms \"rock music\" and \"rock\" usually refer to the music derived from the blues-rock and other genres that emerged during the 1960s.", "Rock music in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The term is often used in combination with other terms to describe a variety of hybrids or subgenres, and is often contrasted with pop music, with which it shares many structures and instrumentation.", "Heavy metal genres __knowledge__ A number of heavy metal genres have developed since the emergence of heavy metal (often shortened to \"metal\") during the late 1960s and early 1970s.", "Heavy metal genres __knowledge__ At times heavy metal genres may overlap or are difficult to distinguish, but they can be identified by a number of traits.", "Heavy metal genres __knowledge__ They may differ in terms of: instrumentation, tempo, song structure, vocal style, lyrics, guitar playing style, drumming style, and so on.", "Heavy metal genres __knowledge__ Alternative metal is a style of heavy metal and alternative rock which emerged in the mid-1980s, and gained popularity in the early 1990s.", "Heavy metal genres __knowledge__ Alternative metal usually combines heavy metal with influences from genres like alternative rock, and in some cases other genres not normally associated with metal as well.", "Grunge __knowledge__ Grunge (sometimes referred to as the Seattle sound) is a subgenre of alternative rock and a subculture that emerged during the in the Pacific Northwest U.S. state of Washington, particularly in Seattle and nearby towns.", "Grunge __knowledge__ The early grunge movement revolved around Seattle's independent record label Sub Pop and that region's underground music scene.", "Grunge __knowledge__ By the early 1990s its popularity had spread, with grunge bands appearing in California, then emerging in other parts of the United States and in Australia, building strong followings and signing major record deals.", "Grunge __knowledge__ Grunge was commercially successful in the early–mid 1990s, due to releases such as Nirvana's \"Nevermind\", Pearl Jam's \"Ten\", Soundgarden's \"Superunknown\", Alice in Chains' \"Dirt\" and Stone Temple Pilots' \"Core\".", "Christian metal __knowledge__ Christian metal, also known as white metal, Jesus metal or heavenly metal, is a form of heavy metal music usually defined by its message using song lyrics as well as the dedication of the band members to Christianity.", "Christian metal __knowledge__ Christian metal is typically performed by professed Christians principally for Christians who listen to heavy metal music and often produced and distributed through various Christian networks.", "Christian metal __knowledge__ Christian metal bands exist in most of the subgenres of heavy metal music, and the only common link among most Christian metal bands are the lyrics.", "Christian metal __knowledge__ The Christian themes are often melded with the subjects of the genre the band is rooted in, regularly providing a Christian take on the subject matter.", "Heavy metal lyrics __knowledge__ Heavy metal lyrics are the words used in songs by heavy metal artists.", "Heavy metal lyrics __knowledge__ Given that there are many genres of heavy metal, it is difficult to make generalizations about the lyrics and lyrical themes.", "Heavy metal lyrics __knowledge__ In 1989, two metal scholars wrote that heavy metal lyrics concentrate \"on dark and depressing subject matter to an extent hitherto unprecedented\" in any form of popular music.", "Heavy metal lyrics __knowledge__ Jeffrey Arnett states that metal songs are \"overwhelmingly dominated\" by \"ugly and unhappy\" themes which express \"no hope\" for the future.", "Heavy metal lyrics __knowledge__ Deena Weinstein has proposed one way to analyze metal song themes is loosely grouping them into two categories: the Dionysian theme (a reference to the Roman God of wine), which celebrates \"sex, drugs and rock and roll\", partying, and enjoyment of life and the Chaotic theme, which involves dark subjects such as Hell, injustice, mayhem, carnage and death." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Heavy metal (or simply metal) is a genre of rock music that developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s, largely in the United Kingdom.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ With roots in blues rock and psychedelic/acid rock, the bands that created heavy metal developed a thick, massive sound, characterized by highly amplified distortion, extended guitar solos, emphatic beats, and overall loudness.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Heavy metal lyrics and performance styles are sometimes associated with aggression and machismo.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ In 1968, three of the genre's most famous acts, Led Zeppelin, Black Sabbath and Deep Purple were founded.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Though they came to attract wide audiences, they were often derided by critics.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ During the mid-1970s, Judas Priest helped spur the genre's evolution by discarding much of its blues influence; Motörhead introduced a punk rock sensibility and an increasing emphasis on speed.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Beginning in the late 1970s, bands in the new wave of British heavy metal such as Iron Maiden and Saxon followed in a similar vein.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Before the end of the decade, heavy metal fans became known as \"metalheads\" or \"headbangers\".", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ During the 1980s, glam metal became popular with groups such as Mötley Crüe and Poison.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Underground scenes produced an array of more aggressive styles: thrash metal broke into the mainstream with bands such as Metallica, Megadeth, Slayer, and Anthrax, while other extreme subgenres of metal such as death metal and black metal remain subcultural phenomena.", "Iron Maiden __knowledge__ Iron Maiden are an English heavy metal band formed in Leyton, East London, in 1975 by bassist and primary songwriter Steve Harris.", "Iron Maiden __knowledge__ The band's discography has grown to thirty-eight albums, including sixteen studio albums, twelve live albums, four EPs, and seven compilations.", "Iron Maiden __knowledge__ Pioneers of the new wave of British heavy metal, Iron Maiden achieved initial success during the early 1980s.", "Iron Maiden __knowledge__ After several line-up changes, the band went on to release a series of UK and US platinum and gold albums, including 1982's \"The Number of the Beast\", 1983's \"Piece of Mind\", 1984's \"Powerslave\", 1985's live release \"Live After Death\", 1986's \"Somewhere in Time\" and 1988's \"Seventh Son of a Seventh Son\".", "Brave New World __knowledge__ Brave New World is a dystopian novel written in 1931 by English author Aldous Huxley, and published in 1932.", "Brave New World __knowledge__ Set in London in the year AD 2540 (632 A.F.—\"After Ford\"—in the book), the novel anticipates developments in reproductive technology, sleep-learning, psychological manipulation, and classical conditioning that are combined to make a profound change in society.", "Brave New World __knowledge__ Huxley followed this book with a reassessment in an essay, \"Brave New World Revisited\" (1958), and with \"Island\" (1962), his final novel.", "Brave New World __knowledge__ In 1999, the Modern Library ranked \"Brave New World\" fifth on its list of the 100 best English-language novels of the 20th century.", "The Book of Souls __knowledge__ The Book of Souls is the 16th studio album by English heavy metal band Iron Maiden, released on 4 September 2015.", "The Book of Souls __knowledge__ It is the band's first studio double album, and therefore also their longest to date, with a total length of 92 minutes.", "The Book of Souls __knowledge__ Its launch and supporting tour were delayed to allow vocalist Bruce Dickinson time to recover from the removal of a cancerous tumour in early 2015.", "The Book of Souls __knowledge__ Produced by long-time Iron Maiden collaborator Kevin Shirley, \"The Book of Souls\" was recorded at Guillaume Tell Studios, Paris from September to December 2014, which they had previously used for 2000's \"Brave New World\".", "You Really Got Me __knowledge__ \"You Really Got Me\" is a song written by Ray Davies for English rock band the Kinks.", "You Really Got Me __knowledge__ The song, originally performed in a more blues-oriented style, was inspired by artists such as Lead Belly and Big Bill Broonzy.", "You Really Got Me __knowledge__ Two versions of the song were recorded, with the second performance being used for the final single.", "You Really Got Me __knowledge__ Although it was rumoured that future Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page had performed the song's guitar solo, the myth has since been proven false.", "You Really Got Me __knowledge__ \"You Really Got Me\" was built around power chords (perfect fifths and octaves) and heavily influenced later rock musicians, particularly in the genres of heavy metal and punk rock.", "The Kinks __knowledge__ The Kinks were an English rock band formed in Muswell Hill, North London, in 1964 by brothers Ray and Dave Davies.", "The Kinks __knowledge__ They are regarded as one of the most important and influential rock bands of the 1960s.", "The Kinks __knowledge__ The band emerged during the height of British rhythm and blues and Merseybeat, and were briefly part of the British Invasion of the United States until their touring ban in 1965.", "The Kinks __knowledge__ Their third single, the Ray Davies-penned \"You Really Got Me\", became an international hit, topping the charts in the United Kingdom and reaching the Top 10 in the United States.", "The Kinks __knowledge__ Their music was influenced by a wide range of genres, including rhythm and blues, British music hall, folk and country.", "Bruce Dickinson __knowledge__ Paul Bruce Dickinson (born 7 August 1958) is an English singer, songwriter, musician, airline pilot, entrepreneur, author and broadcaster.", "Bruce Dickinson __knowledge__ He is the lead singer of the heavy metal band Iron Maiden and is renowned for his wide-ranging operatic vocal style and energetic stage presence.", "Bruce Dickinson __knowledge__ Born in Worksop, Nottinghamshire, Dickinson began his career in music fronting small pub bands in the 1970s while attending school in Sheffield and university in London.", "Bruce Dickinson __knowledge__ In 1979, he joined the new wave of British heavy metal band Samson, with whom he gained some popularity under the stage name \"Bruce Bruce\" and performed on two studio records.", "Brown Eyed Girls __knowledge__ The Brown Eyed Girls (Hangul: 브라운 아이드 걸스, Japanese: ブラウン・アイド・ガールズ), often abbreviated as B.E.G., BG or 브아걸 (beu-ah-geol) is a South Korean girl group managed by Mystic Entertainment.", "Brown Eyed Girls __knowledge__ The group consists of four members: JeA, Miryo, Narsha, and Gain.", "Brown Eyed Girls __knowledge__ They debuted as an R&B/Ballad vocal group with \"Come Closer (다가와서)\" in 2006 and have since challenged themselves with a notable variety of different music genres.", "Brown Eyed Girls __knowledge__ They rose to popularity in 2008 with \"L.O.V.E\" and their retro-dance number \"How Come,\" though cemented their position in the K-pop world in 2009 with \"Abracadabra\", with its electronica-based genre, pioneering (albeit controversial) concept, along with its iconic and now globally recognized dance entitled 'The Arrogant Dance (시건방춤)'—successfully ingraining themselves into modern popular culture.", "Maiden England World Tour __knowledge__ The Maiden England World Tour was a concert tour by Iron Maiden, which began on 21 June 2012 in Charlotte, North Carolina and ended on 5 July 2014 with a performance at the Sonisphere Festival at Knebworth, UK.", "Maiden England World Tour __knowledge__ The tour's setlist was largely based on the original 1989 concert video of the same name, shot during the Seventh Tour of a Seventh Tour in 1988, which was re-released in 2013.", "Maiden England World Tour __knowledge__ Because of this, the tour's setlist consisted almost entirely of the band's 1980s material, with a particular focus on their 1988 album, \"Seventh Son of a Seventh Son\".", "Maiden England World Tour __knowledge__ The stage show was also based on the original tour and featured numerous pyrotechnic effects in addition to multiple appearances by the band's mascot, Eddie.", "The Number of the Beast (album) __knowledge__ The Number of the Beast is the third studio album by the English heavy metal band Iron Maiden, released in March 1982.", "The Number of the Beast (album) __knowledge__ It was their first release to feature vocalist Bruce Dickinson and their last with drummer Clive Burr.", "The Number of the Beast (album) __knowledge__ \"The Number of the Beast\" met with considerable critical and commercial success and was a landmark release for the band—becoming their first album to reach No.", "The Number of the Beast (album) __knowledge__ 1 in the UK Albums Chart, and to reach the Top 40 of the Billboard 200 in the US.", "The Number of the Beast (album) __knowledge__ The album also produced the singles \"Run to the Hills\" and \"The Number of the Beast\", the former of which was the band's first top-ten UK single.", "List of Iron Maiden tribute albums __knowledge__ This is a list of albums recorded in tribute to the British heavy metal band Iron Maiden.", "List of Iron Maiden tribute albums __knowledge__ Track listing \"Made in Tribute: A Tribute to the Best Band in a Whole Goddamn World!\"", "List of Iron Maiden tribute albums __knowledge__ is the first tribute compilation to Iron Maiden and features covers from established bands such as Arch Enemy, Therion and In Flames.", "List of Iron Maiden tribute albums __knowledge__ Track listing A Call to Irons is one of the earlier tribute albums released to honour the heavy metal band Iron Maiden.", "List of Iron Maiden tribute albums __knowledge__ It includes a diverse collection of bands ranging from power metal bands like Steel Prophet to extreme progressive metal bands like Opeth.", "List of Iron Maiden tribute albums __knowledge__ Track listing Transilvania 666 is a tribute album to the heavy metal band Iron Maiden by various Spanish bands, released in 1999.", "Iron Maiden (album) __knowledge__ Iron Maiden is the debut studio album by the English heavy metal band Iron Maiden.", "Iron Maiden (album) __knowledge__ It was issued by EMI on 14 April 1980 in the UK, and a few months later in North America, originally on Harvest/Capitol Records and subsequently Sanctuary Records/Columbia Records in the US.", "Iron Maiden (album) __knowledge__ The North American version also included the song \"Sanctuary\", previously released in the UK as a non-album single.", "Iron Maiden (album) __knowledge__ In 1998, along with the rest of the band's pre-1995 releases, \"Iron Maiden\" was remastered with \"Sanctuary\" added in all territories (but 2015 digital releases and all vinyl reissues use original tracklisting around the globe).", "Adrian Smith __knowledge__ Adrian Frederick \"H\" Smith (born 27 February 1957) is an English guitarist, best known as a member of Iron Maiden, for whom he writes songs and performs live backing vocals on some tracks.", "Adrian Smith __knowledge__ Smith grew up in Camden, London and became interested in rock music at 15.", "Adrian Smith __knowledge__ He soon formed a friendship with future Iron Maiden guitarist Dave Murray, who inspired him to take up the guitar.", "Adrian Smith __knowledge__ After leaving school at 16, he formed a band called Urchin, which he led until their demise in 1980.", "Adrian Smith __knowledge__ He joined Iron Maiden in November 1980, replacing Dennis Stratton.", "Adrian Smith __knowledge__ Following a short-lived solo project called ASAP, he left Iron Maiden in 1990 and formed a group called Psycho Motel." ] ]

[ 2, 14, 14 ]

[ "Its a great day to listen to some music. I personally enjoy heavy mental music because of its highly amplified distortion. Do you enjoy heavy metal music?", "Iron Maiden is great to jam to. My favorite album of their's is The Number of the Beast. ", "Yep Powerslave and Seventh Son brings back great memories of my childhood. I used to play it with my high school band! Do you play any instrument? " ]

[ "Heavy metal music", "Heavy metal music", "Heavy metal music" ]

[ "Leprechaun", "Do they have magic powers? I watched a movie about them one time and they were evil and scary!", "Speaking of leprechauns, do you like :ucky Charms cereal? They used to be my faourite growing up!", "Yes! Sometimes I would just pick out the marshmallow pieces from the box and leave only the grain cereal left. Now that is evil!!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Leprechaun __knowledge__ A leprechaun (/ luchorpán) is a type of fairy of the Aos Sí in Irish folklore.", "Leprechaun __knowledge__ They are usually depicted as little bearded men, wearing a coat and hat, who partake in mischief.", "Leprechaun __knowledge__ They are solitary creatures who spend their time making and mending shoes and have a hidden pot of gold at the end of the rainbow.", "Leprechaun __knowledge__ If captured by a human, they often grant three wishes in exchange for their freedom.", "Leprechaun __knowledge__ Like other Irish fairies, leprechauns may be derived from the Tuatha Dé Danann.", "Leprechaun __knowledge__ Leprechaun-like creatures rarely appear in Irish mythology and only became prominent in later folklore.", "Leprechaun __knowledge__ Modern depictions of leprechauns are largely based on derogatory 19th-century caricatures and stereotypes of the Irish.", "Leprechaun __knowledge__ The name \"leprechaun\" is derived from the Irish word , defined by Patrick Dinneen as \"a pigmy, a sprite, or leprechaun\".", "Leprechaun __knowledge__ The further derivation is less certain; according to most sources, the word is thought to be a corruption of Middle Irish \"luchrupán\", from the Old Irish , a compound of the roots lú (small) and corp (body).", "Leprechaun __knowledge__ The root \"corp\", which was borrowed from the Latin \"corpus\", attests to the early influence of Ecclesiastical Latin on the Irish language.", "Leprechaun __knowledge__ The alternative spelling \"leithbrágan\" stems from a folk etymology deriving the word from \"leith\" (half) and \"bróg\" (brogue), because of the frequent portrayal of the leprechaun as working on a single shoe." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Leprechaun __knowledge__ A leprechaun (/ luchorpán) is a type of fairy of the Aos Sí in Irish folklore.", "Leprechaun __knowledge__ They are usually depicted as little bearded men, wearing a coat and hat, who partake in mischief.", "Leprechaun __knowledge__ They are solitary creatures who spend their time making and mending shoes and have a hidden pot of gold at the end of the rainbow.", "Leprechaun __knowledge__ If captured by a human, they often grant three wishes in exchange for their freedom.", "Leprechaun __knowledge__ Like other Irish fairies, leprechauns may be derived from the Tuatha Dé Danann.", "Leprechaun __knowledge__ Leprechaun-like creatures rarely appear in Irish mythology and only became prominent in later folklore.", "Leprechaun __knowledge__ Modern depictions of leprechauns are largely based on derogatory 19th-century caricatures and stereotypes of the Irish.", "Leprechaun __knowledge__ The name \"leprechaun\" is derived from the Irish word , defined by Patrick Dinneen as \"a pigmy, a sprite, or leprechaun\".", "Leprechaun __knowledge__ The further derivation is less certain; according to most sources, the word is thought to be a corruption of Middle Irish \"luchrupán\", from the Old Irish , a compound of the roots lú (small) and corp (body).", "Leprechaun __knowledge__ The root \"corp\", which was borrowed from the Latin \"corpus\", attests to the early influence of Ecclesiastical Latin on the Irish language.", "Leprechaun __knowledge__ The alternative spelling \"leithbrágan\" stems from a folk etymology deriving the word from \"leith\" (half) and \"bróg\" (brogue), because of the frequent portrayal of the leprechaun as working on a single shoe.", "Evil Queen (Disney) __knowledge__ The Evil Queen, also known as the Wicked Queen or just the Queen, and sometimes instead identified by her given name as Queen Grimhilde, is a fictional character who appears in Walt Disney Pictures' first animated feature film \"Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs\" (1937) and a villain character in the extended Disney's \"Snow White\" franchise.", "Evil Queen (Disney) __knowledge__ She is based on the Evil Queen character from the European fairy tale \"Snow White\".", "Evil Queen (Disney) __knowledge__ In the film, similar to the Brothers Grimm story, the Evil Queen is cold, cruel, and extremely vain, and obsessively desires to remain the \"fairest in the land\".", "Evil Queen (Disney) __knowledge__ She becomes madly envious over the beauty of her stepdaughter, Princess Snow White, as well as the attentions of the Prince from another land; such love triangle element is one of Disney's changes to the story.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ This list comprises the items featured in the American fantasy-drama television series \"Once Upon a Time\" and its spin-off \"Once Upon a Time in Wonderland\".", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ The Aging Dust is causes the victim to age.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ The amount of aging depends on the amount of dust used.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ Emma put some in the onion rings she gave Zelena, to accelerate her pregnancy.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ She wanted baby Robin out of the way so she could put the Darkness into Zelena and then kill her with Excalibur.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ Mr. Gold owns some as well as he used it to temporarily age a fairy that he and the Evil Queen chased and captured into an old woman.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ Regina was mentioned to have found a way to restore the fairy back to her rightful age.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "List of Wizards of Waverly Place characters __knowledge__ The following is the list of characters of Disney Channel original series Wizards of Waverly Place.", "List of Wizards of Waverly Place characters __knowledge__ The series centers on the fictional characters of the Russo family, which includes Alex (Selena Gomez), her older brother Justin (David Henrie) and their younger brother Max (Jake T. Austin).", "List of Wizards of Waverly Place characters __knowledge__ The three Russo siblings are wizards in training and live with their Italian-American father Jerry (David DeLuise), a former wizard, and their Mexican-American mother, Theresa (Maria Canals Barrera) who is a mortal.", "List of Wizards of Waverly Place characters __knowledge__ Alex's best friend Harper (Jennifer Stone) also found out about the Russos' wizard powers in season 2.", "List of Teen Titans characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the major and minor characters featured in and/or created specifically for the Cartoon Network and Kids' WB animated series \"Teen Titans\" and related properties.", "List of Teen Titans characters __knowledge__ Although he is the only one of the group without any superpowers, by virtue of his heroic experience and reputation, Robin is the highly disciplined leader of the Teen Titans.", "List of Teen Titans characters __knowledge__ As elaborated upon in the \"Go\" episode, Robin forms the group after aiding Starfire in her escape from captivity, with the help of Beast Boy, Cyborg, and Raven.", "List of Teen Titans characters __knowledge__ Prior to this, he left his mentor, Batman, (though not mentioned by name), in an effort to make it on their own as a crime-fighters.", "Tabitha Lenox __knowledge__ Tabitha Lenox is a fictional character and one of the main antagonists from the NBC/DirecTV daytime drama \"Passions\".", "Tabitha Lenox __knowledge__ Tabitha has been played by Juliet Mills since the show's debut in 1999.", "Tabitha Lenox __knowledge__ Mills continued in the role when the show moved from NBC to DirecTV's The 101 in September 2007.", "Tabitha Lenox __knowledge__ Jane Carr portrayed Tabitha's voice and served as a body double for a time when Mills was on vacation in 2006.", "Tabitha Lenox __knowledge__ In June 2007, Tabitha recalled her youthful days at a magic academy in which the role of young Tabitha was played by Kim Huber.", "Tabitha Lenox __knowledge__ In 2001, HarperEntertainment released \"Hidden Passions\", a tie-in novelization presented as Tabitha's diary, exposing the secrets and pasts of the town's residents.", "List of Disney's Aladdin characters __knowledge__ Disney's \"Aladdin\" franchise features an extensive cast of fictional characters.", "List of Disney's Aladdin characters __knowledge__ The lead character of the series is Aladdin, who was originally a street urchin.", "List of Disney's Aladdin characters __knowledge__ During the course of the franchise, he starts living in the palace of Agrabah and becomes engaged to Princess Jasmine.", "List of Disney's Aladdin characters __knowledge__ Aladdin (, \")\", is the protagonist of the franchise, a street child who ends up becoming the prince of Agrabah after meeting Jasmine in the streets and being recruited by Jafar to retrieve the magical lamp from the Cave of Wonders.", "List of Disney's Aladdin characters __knowledge__ He is voiced by Scott Weinger when speaking and Brad Kane when singing.", "List of Disney's Aladdin characters __knowledge__ Jasmine is the rebellious princess of Agrabah, who flees the palace in revolt to her obligation to be married to a prince.", "Leprechaun traps __knowledge__ Leprechaun traps are crafts used, typically in elementary school or by families with small children, to celebrate Saint Patrick's Day.", "Leprechaun traps __knowledge__ Leprechaun trapping can be compared to leaving cookies out for Santa Claus on Christmas Eve.", "Leprechaun traps __knowledge__ The traps are set up the night before St. Patrick's Day, and children awaken to discover signs that leprechauns (mythical creatures) have visited the trap.", "Leprechaun traps __knowledge__ According to the tradition, one must believe leprechauns are real to trap one.", "Leprechaun traps __knowledge__ The trap is traditionally made by young children the night before St. Patrick's Day.", "Leprechaun traps __knowledge__ Once trapped, Leprechauns may grant three wishes, and in many of the folklore stories, Irish-folk have been tricked, and made foolish wishes.", "Doom Patrol __knowledge__ The Doom Patrol is a superhero team appearing in publications from DC Comics.", "Doom Patrol __knowledge__ The original Doom Patrol first appeared in \"My Greatest Adventure\" #80 (June 1963), and were created by writers Arnold Drake and Bob Haney, and artist Bruno Premiani.", "Doom Patrol __knowledge__ The Doom Patrol has since appeared in multiple incarnations.", "Doom Patrol __knowledge__ The first Doom Patrol consisted of super-powered misfits, whose \"gifts\" caused them alienation and trauma.", "Doom Patrol __knowledge__ Dubbed the \"World's Strangest Heroes\" (an epithet conceived by editor Murray Boltinoff) the original team included The Chief (Niles Caulder), Robotman (Cliff Steele), Elasti-Girl (Rita Farr), and Negative Man (Larry Trainor).", "The Magical Legend of the Leprechauns __knowledge__ The Magical Legend of the Leprechauns is a 1999 Hallmark Entertainment made-for-TV fantasy movie.", "The Magical Legend of the Leprechauns __knowledge__ It stars Randy Quaid, Colm Meaney, Kieran Culkin, Roger Daltrey, Caroline Carver and Whoopi Goldberg.", "The Magical Legend of the Leprechauns __knowledge__ The film contains two main stories that eventually intertwine: the first being the story of an American businessman who visits Ireland and encounters magical leprechauns and the second, a story of a pair of star-crossed lovers who happen to be a fairy and a leprechaun, belonging to opposing sides of a magical war.", "The Magical Legend of the Leprechauns __knowledge__ It contains many references to Romeo and Juliet such as two lovers taking poison and feuding clans.", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ Flying Hawk (Oglala Lakota: \"Čhetáŋ Kiŋyáŋ\" in Standard Lakota Orthography; a/k/a Moses Flying Hawk; March 1854 – December 24, 1931) was an Oglala Lakota warrior, historian, educator and philosopher.", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ Flying Hawk's life chronicles the history of the Oglala Lakota people through the 19th and early 20th centuries, as he fought to deflect the worst effects of white rule; educate his people and preserve sacred Oglala Lakota land and heritage.", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ Chief Flying Hawk was a combatant in Red Cloud's War and in nearly all of the fights with the U.S. Army during the Great Sioux War of 1876.", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ He fought alongside his first cousin Crazy Horse and his brothers Kicking Bear and Black Fox II in the Battle of the Little Big Horn in 1876, and was present at the death of Crazy Horse in 1877 and the Wounded Knee Massacre of 1890.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that appear in \"\".", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are listed in alphabetical order.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Most characters are seen in their classic appearance (Catwoman, Green Arrow), while others (Blue Beetle) have their current costume.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Some have even been re-imagined for the show (the Outsiders).", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are described below using in-universe tone.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ 'Mazing Man is a short man who dresses up as a superhero.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ In the \"Kitty Catastrophe\" segment of \"Four Star Spectacular\", he is the accident-prone catsitter for a couple named Owen and Fiona.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ It is apparent that Batman is his favorite superhero and the inspiration for his costume." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Leprechaun __knowledge__ A leprechaun (/ luchorpán) is a type of fairy of the Aos Sí in Irish folklore.", "Leprechaun __knowledge__ They are usually depicted as little bearded men, wearing a coat and hat, who partake in mischief.", "Leprechaun __knowledge__ They are solitary creatures who spend their time making and mending shoes and have a hidden pot of gold at the end of the rainbow.", "Leprechaun __knowledge__ If captured by a human, they often grant three wishes in exchange for their freedom.", "Leprechaun __knowledge__ Like other Irish fairies, leprechauns may be derived from the Tuatha Dé Danann.", "Leprechaun __knowledge__ Leprechaun-like creatures rarely appear in Irish mythology and only became prominent in later folklore.", "Leprechaun __knowledge__ Modern depictions of leprechauns are largely based on derogatory 19th-century caricatures and stereotypes of the Irish.", "Leprechaun __knowledge__ The name \"leprechaun\" is derived from the Irish word , defined by Patrick Dinneen as \"a pigmy, a sprite, or leprechaun\".", "Leprechaun __knowledge__ The further derivation is less certain; according to most sources, the word is thought to be a corruption of Middle Irish \"luchrupán\", from the Old Irish , a compound of the roots lú (small) and corp (body).", "Leprechaun __knowledge__ The root \"corp\", which was borrowed from the Latin \"corpus\", attests to the early influence of Ecclesiastical Latin on the Irish language.", "Leprechaun __knowledge__ The alternative spelling \"leithbrágan\" stems from a folk etymology deriving the word from \"leith\" (half) and \"bróg\" (brogue), because of the frequent portrayal of the leprechaun as working on a single shoe.", "Lucky Charms __knowledge__ Lucky Charms is a brand of cereal produced by the General Mills food company since 1964.", "Lucky Charms __knowledge__ The cereal consists of toasted oat pieces and multi-colored marshmallow shapes (\"marbits\" or marshmallow bits).", "Lucky Charms __knowledge__ The label features a leprechaun mascot, Lucky, animated in commercials.", "Lucky Charms __knowledge__ Lucky Charms was created in 1964 by John Holahan.", "Lucky Charms __knowledge__ General Mills management challenged a team of product developers to use the available manufacturing capacity from either of General Mills' two principal cereal products—Wheaties or Cheerios—and do something unique.", "Lucky Charms __knowledge__ Holahan came up with the idea after a visit to the grocery store in which he decided to mix Cheerios with bits of Brach's Circus Peanuts.", "Semai people __knowledge__ The Semai (also known as Mai Semai or Orang Dalam) are a semi sedentary ethnic group living in the center of the Malay Peninsula in Southeast Asia, known especially for their nonviolence.", "Semai people __knowledge__ They speak Semai, an Austroasiatic language closely related to Temiar, spoken by Temiars nearby.", "Semai people __knowledge__ The Semai belong to the Senoi group and are one of the largest indigenous ethnic group in the Peninsula and the largest of the Senoi group.", "Semai people __knowledge__ The population dynamics of the Semai people in Malaysia:- It is thought that the Semai are the remnants of the original, ancient and widespread population of Southeast Asia.", "Semai people __knowledge__ According to Keene State College's Orang Asli Archive, in 1991 there were 26,627 and according to the Center for Orang Asli Concern in 2000 there were 34,248 Semai living on the Malay Peninsula.", "Paul Bomani __knowledge__ Paul Lazaro Bomani (January 1, 1925  – April 1, 2005) was a Tanzanian politician and ambassador to the United States and Mexico.", "Paul Bomani __knowledge__ Paul Bomani was born in 1925 in Ikuzi, Mara.", "Paul Bomani __knowledge__ He served as the Minister of Finance, Agriculture, Economic Affairs and Planning, and Commerce and Industry.", "Paul Bomani __knowledge__ He also served as a member of Parliament.", "Paul Bomani __knowledge__ Paul Bomani was a very successful business man and was reported to be one of the richest African in Tanzania by 1970.", "Paul Bomani __knowledge__ Paul Bomani is among a handful of Tanganyikans/Tanzanians who made significant contributions to the country.", "Paul Bomani __knowledge__ He was active in the independence struggle and after Tanganyika/Tanzania won independence, he was one of the main people responsible for finance and development for the country in the 1960s to early 70s.", "Aslian languages __knowledge__ The Aslian languages are a family of Austroasiatic languages spoken on the Malay Peninsula.", "Aslian languages __knowledge__ They are the languages of many of the \"Orang Asli\", the Malay Peninsula's aboriginal inhabitants.", "Aslian languages __knowledge__ The total number of native speakers of Aslian languages is about fifty thousand and all are in danger of extinction.", "Aslian languages __knowledge__ Aslian languages recognized by the Malaysian administration include Kensiu, Kintaq, Jahai, Minriq, Batek, Cheq Wong, Lanoh, Temiar, Semai, Jah Hut, Mah Meri, Semaq Beri, Semelai, and Temoq.", "Aslian languages __knowledge__ Aslian languages originally appeared on the western side of the main mountains and eventually spread eastwards into Kelantan, Terengganu, and Pahang.", "The Magical Legend of the Leprechauns __knowledge__ The Magical Legend of the Leprechauns is a 1999 Hallmark Entertainment made-for-TV fantasy movie.", "The Magical Legend of the Leprechauns __knowledge__ It stars Randy Quaid, Colm Meaney, Kieran Culkin, Roger Daltrey, Caroline Carver and Whoopi Goldberg.", "The Magical Legend of the Leprechauns __knowledge__ The film contains two main stories that eventually intertwine: the first being the story of an American businessman who visits Ireland and encounters magical leprechauns and the second, a story of a pair of star-crossed lovers who happen to be a fairy and a leprechaun, belonging to opposing sides of a magical war.", "The Magical Legend of the Leprechauns __knowledge__ It contains many references to Romeo and Juliet such as two lovers taking poison and feuding clans.", "Leapin’ Leprechauns! __knowledge__ Leapin’ Leprechauns!", "Leapin’ Leprechauns! __knowledge__ is a 1995 direct-to-video American film, starring Andrew Smith, John Bluthal and Ray Bright.", "Leapin’ Leprechauns! __knowledge__ It was directed by Ted Nicolaou.", "Leapin’ Leprechauns! __knowledge__ A man tries to prevent the building of a theme park on top of a land that's is the home to Leprechauns.", "Leapin’ Leprechauns! __knowledge__ The movie was filmed back to back with its sequel (1996).", "Leapin’ Leprechauns! __knowledge__ It was filmed mostly in Romania Leapin’ Leprechauns received mostly unfavorable reviews from critics.", "Leapin’ Leprechauns! __knowledge__ The lack of a clear storyline and an \"all-out villain\" were appointed by many experts as critique points.", "Leapin’ Leprechauns! __knowledge__ \"Felix Vasquez\" from \"Cinema Crazed\" stated: Leapin’ Leprechauns!", "Leapin’ Leprechauns! __knowledge__ \"is not the worst movie I’ve ever seen, but it’s probably the most baffling I’ve seen in a good while.", "Dr. Evil __knowledge__ Dr.", "Dr. Evil __knowledge__ Evil (Douglas \"Dougie\" Powers) is a fictional character played by Mike Myers in the \"Austin Powers\" film series.", "Dr. Evil __knowledge__ He is the antagonist of the movies, and Austin Powers' nemesis.", "Dr. Evil __knowledge__ He is a parody of James Bond villains, primarily Donald Pleasence's Ernst Stavro Blofeld (as featured in \"You Only Live Twice\").", "Dr. Evil __knowledge__ Dr.", "Dr. Evil __knowledge__ Evil routinely hatches schemes to terrorize and take over the world, and is typically accompanied by Number-two: an eye-patch wearing goon who fronts his evil corporation Virtucon Industries, his cat Mr. Bigglesworth and his sidekick Mini-Me, a dwarf clone of himself.", "Dr. Evil __knowledge__ Myers revived the character for a brief appearance on the December 20, 2014 episode of \"Saturday Night Live\", a show on which Myers previously had a regular role.", "Swords, Dublin __knowledge__ Swords () is the county town of Fingal in Ireland.", "Swords, Dublin __knowledge__ At the 2011 census, the total urban population of greater Swords was 42,738 but when local electoral area definitions are taken into account, the population is 68,583.", "Swords, Dublin __knowledge__ It lies in Dublin's K67 postal code routing area (known as eircode in Ireland).", "Swords, Dublin __knowledge__ It is variously defined as a suburb of the capital, as a satellite town and as an emerging city in its own right.", "Swords, Dublin __knowledge__ The name \"Swords\" is also applicable to the townland, to the civil parish or to the local electoral area.", "Swords, Dublin __knowledge__ The town's origins date back to 560 AD when it was founded by Saint Colmcille (521–567).", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the DreamWorks animated film media franchise \"Kung Fu Panda\", with their shorts and specials \"Secrets of the Furious Five\", \"Kung Fu Panda Holiday\", \"\", and \"\", as well as the video games and TV show \"\".", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The world of \"Kung Fu Panda\" is a fantasized version of ancient China as typically depicted in the wuxia film genre populated by anthropomorphized Asian animals where the martial arts can have magical qualities on top of extraordinary physical prowess for those sufficiently skilled.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ Master Po Ping (Chinese for \"Precious Peace\"), born Lotus Shan, is the titular protagonist of the \"Kung Fu Panda\" franchise.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ This is a list of \"Strawberry Shortcake\" characters.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ There are (at this writing) four distinct continuities in which Strawberry Shortcake's adventures take place: The original, 1980s version, the 2003 reboot, the 2009/2010 reboot and the upcoming 2018 reboot.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Many of Strawberry Shortcake's friends appear in more than one continuity, and their appearance and/or characterization can vary greatly between versions.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Distinct traits will be noted in each of the circas in which a character happens to appear.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Strawberry Shortcake is the protagonist and the title character of \"The World of Strawberry Shortcake\" franchise.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters appearing in the animated series \"Kim Possible\".", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Kimberly Ann \"Kim\" Possible is a crime fighter and high school cheerleading captain who saves the world on a regular basis while dealing with the normal challenges of being a teenager, such as winning cheer competitions, turning in her homework on time, and maintaining a love life.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Her name is a play on the word \"impossible.\"", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Kim has known Ron Stoppable, her sidekick for most missions, since preschool.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ She has also completed missions with Wade, Monique, her brothers, and even her mother.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ In season four, Kim and Ron end up developing romantic feelings for each other and begin dating during their senior year.", "Brackenstown, Swords __knowledge__ Brackenstown is a neighbourhood in the town of Swords in Ireland.", "Brackenstown, Swords __knowledge__ It developed in west Swords on the north side of the Ward River.", "Brackenstown, Swords __knowledge__ It developed along the Brackenstown Road, which runs from Swords to the townland of Knocksedan.", "Brackenstown, Swords __knowledge__ It has shops, including a supermarket and a pub, and is adjcent to the Ward River Valley Park.", "Brackenstown, Swords __knowledge__ Brackenstown is also a parish in the Fingal North deanery of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Dublin.", "Brackenstown, Swords __knowledge__ Brackenstown is located west of the centre of Swords, along the Brackenstown Road.", "Brackenstown, Swords __knowledge__ It is on the northside of the Ward River, between the neighbourhood of Rathbeale and the Ward River Valley Park.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas traditions vary from country to country.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas celebrations for many nations include the installing and lighting of Christmas trees, the hanging of Advent wreaths, Christmas stockings, candy canes, and the creation of Nativity scenes depicting the birth of Jesus Christ.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas carols may be sung and stories told about such figures as the Baby Jesus, St Nicholas, Santa Claus, Father Christmas, Christkind or Grandfather Frost.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ The sending and exchange of Christmas card greetings, observance of fasting and special religious observances such as a midnight Mass or Vespers on Christmas Eve, the burning of a Yule log, and the giving and receiving of presents.", "The Mole (U.S. season 5) __knowledge__ The fifth season of the US version of The Mole began airing on ABC on June 2, 2008, after being pushed back a week by ABC.", "The Mole (U.S. season 5) __knowledge__ Casting information was announced online.", "The Mole (U.S. season 5) __knowledge__ After the fourth season in 2004, ABC declined to pick up \"The Mole\", and Stone Stanley Entertainment lost the rights to the show from Belgian company TTTI.", "The Mole (U.S. season 5) __knowledge__ In August 2007, Scott Stone of Stone & Co. Entertainment (the new name for Stone Stanley Entertainment after David Stanley left in 2004) re-secured the rights to the program, and with ABC in January 2008, announced the show's return to U.S. television.", "The Mole (U.S. season 5) __knowledge__ The show returned to its original civilian format for the fifth season." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Leprechaun __knowledge__ A leprechaun (/ luchorpán) is a type of fairy of the Aos Sí in Irish folklore.", "Leprechaun __knowledge__ They are usually depicted as little bearded men, wearing a coat and hat, who partake in mischief.", "Leprechaun __knowledge__ They are solitary creatures who spend their time making and mending shoes and have a hidden pot of gold at the end of the rainbow.", "Leprechaun __knowledge__ If captured by a human, they often grant three wishes in exchange for their freedom.", "Leprechaun __knowledge__ Like other Irish fairies, leprechauns may be derived from the Tuatha Dé Danann.", "Leprechaun __knowledge__ Leprechaun-like creatures rarely appear in Irish mythology and only became prominent in later folklore.", "Leprechaun __knowledge__ Modern depictions of leprechauns are largely based on derogatory 19th-century caricatures and stereotypes of the Irish.", "Leprechaun __knowledge__ The name \"leprechaun\" is derived from the Irish word , defined by Patrick Dinneen as \"a pigmy, a sprite, or leprechaun\".", "Leprechaun __knowledge__ The further derivation is less certain; according to most sources, the word is thought to be a corruption of Middle Irish \"luchrupán\", from the Old Irish , a compound of the roots lú (small) and corp (body).", "Leprechaun __knowledge__ The root \"corp\", which was borrowed from the Latin \"corpus\", attests to the early influence of Ecclesiastical Latin on the Irish language.", "Leprechaun __knowledge__ The alternative spelling \"leithbrágan\" stems from a folk etymology deriving the word from \"leith\" (half) and \"bróg\" (brogue), because of the frequent portrayal of the leprechaun as working on a single shoe.", "Lucky Charms __knowledge__ Lucky Charms is a brand of cereal produced by the General Mills food company since 1964.", "Lucky Charms __knowledge__ The cereal consists of toasted oat pieces and multi-colored marshmallow shapes (\"marbits\" or marshmallow bits).", "Lucky Charms __knowledge__ The label features a leprechaun mascot, Lucky, animated in commercials.", "Lucky Charms __knowledge__ Lucky Charms was created in 1964 by John Holahan.", "Lucky Charms __knowledge__ General Mills management challenged a team of product developers to use the available manufacturing capacity from either of General Mills' two principal cereal products—Wheaties or Cheerios—and do something unique.", "Lucky Charms __knowledge__ Holahan came up with the idea after a visit to the grocery store in which he decided to mix Cheerios with bits of Brach's Circus Peanuts.", "Rice Krispies __knowledge__ Rice Krispies (also known as Rice Bubbles in Australia and New Zealand) is a breakfast cereal marketed by Kellogg's in 1927 and released to the public in 1928.", "Rice Krispies __knowledge__ Rice Krispies are made of crisped rice (rice and sugar paste that is formed into rice shapes or \"berries\", cooked, dried and toasted), and expand forming very thin and hollowed out walls that are crunchy and crisp.", "Rice Krispies __knowledge__ When milk is added to the cereal the walls tend to collapse, creating the famous \"Snap, crackle and pop\" sounds.", "Rice Krispies __knowledge__ Rice Krispies cereal is widely known and popular with a long advertising history, with the elf cartoon characters Snap, Crackle and Pop touting the brand.", "Lion Cereal __knowledge__ Lion Cereal is a breakfast cereal, manufactured by Nestlé.", "Lion Cereal __knowledge__ Lion Cereal is based on Nestlé's popular Lion Bar.", "Lion Cereal __knowledge__ Lion Cereal is based on the Lion Bar, which comprises a filled wafer, caramel, and crisp cereal, covered in milk chocolate.", "Lion Cereal __knowledge__ The cereal consists of whole-grain cereal, with a caramel paste, and the same whole-grain cereal with cocoa.", "Lion Cereal __knowledge__ Lion Cereal is fortified with many vitamins, such as Vitamin B12, Vitamin B6, Vitamin B2, Vitamin B1, and niacin.", "Lion Cereal __knowledge__ This does not have any crisp cereal, as Lion Bars do, but instead has a flake-shaped whole-grain cereal in both plain and chocolate forms.", "Lion Cereal __knowledge__ Lion Cereal is sold in 400-gram boxes.", "Marshmallow __knowledge__ A marshmallow is a sugar-based confection that in its modern form typically consists of sugar, water and gelatin whipped to a spongy consistency, molded into small cylindrical pieces, and coated with corn starch.", "Marshmallow __knowledge__ Some marshmallow recipes call for eggs.", "Marshmallow __knowledge__ This is the modern version of a medicinal confection made from \"Althaea officinalis\", the marshmallow plant.", "Marshmallow __knowledge__ The word marshmallow stems from the mallow plant (\"Althaea officinalis\") that is a genus of an herb native to parts of Europe, North Africa, and Asia.", "Marshmallow __knowledge__ The word \"marsh\" is used because the mallow plant grows in marshes and other damp areas.", "Farley's & Sathers Candy Company __knowledge__ Farley's & Sathers Candy Company was created as an umbrella company to roll-up many small companies, brands and products under a common management team.", "Farley's & Sathers Candy Company __knowledge__ The confectionery business segment is made up of many small companies, often with intertwined relationships and histories.", "Farley's & Sathers Candy Company __knowledge__ Catterton Partners formed the Farley's & Sathers Candy Company in 2002 as a vehicle for the purchase of some of the former Farley Foods Company and Sathers Candy Company assets and brands from Kraft.", "Farley's & Sathers Candy Company __knowledge__ Since that time, additional brands and businesses have been added to the roster.", "Farley's & Sathers Candy Company __knowledge__ In 2012, the owners of Farley's & Sathers, L Catterton Partners, purchased Ferrara Pan Candy Company.", "Apple Jacks __knowledge__ Apple Jacks is a brand of cereal produced by Kellogg's and targeted mainly at children.", "Apple Jacks __knowledge__ It was introduced to the U.S. as \"Apple O's\" in 1965 after being invented by William Thilly who is currently a professor at MIT.", "Apple Jacks __knowledge__ In 1971 the name \"Apple Jacks\" was put into action by advertisers.", "Apple Jacks __knowledge__ The product is described by Kellogg's as a \"crunchy, sweetened multi-grain cereal with apple and cinnamon.\"", "Apple Jacks __knowledge__ Originally, all Apple Jacks cereal pieces were orange and O-shaped, although they have become brighter and more orange colored over the decades.", "Apple Jacks __knowledge__ In 1998, O-shaped green pieces were introduced.", "Apple Jacks __knowledge__ On December 8, 2003, as part of a marketing promotion, the orange jacks remained Os but the green jacks were Xs for a while and in summer 2005 the green jacks were figure-8s (double Os) for a period of time.", "Chocolate-coated marshmallow treats __knowledge__ Chocolate-coated marshmallow treats are produced in different variations around the world, with several countries claiming to have invented it or hailing it as their \"national confection\".", "Chocolate-coated marshmallow treats __knowledge__ Originally the treat was made using cream (hence the Danish name \"flødeboller\" (cream buns)), but the filling was later made from egg whites to help industrialize production and improve shelf life.", "Chocolate-coated marshmallow treats __knowledge__ Many languages used to call these treats by phrases or compounds using a counterpart to negro (e.g.", "Chocolate-coated marshmallow treats __knowledge__ \"negro's kiss\", \"negro bun\"); most but not all of these are increasingly being avoided, especially in formal writing, in favour of replacements such as \"choco-kiss\".", "Stay Puft Marshmallow Man __knowledge__ The Stay Puft Marshmallow Man is a fictional character from the \"Ghostbusters\" franchise, which sometimes appears as a giant, lumbering paranormal monster.", "Stay Puft Marshmallow Man __knowledge__ As the chosen form of Gozer, it is the main antagonist in the film \"Ghostbusters\" (1984) and first appears as a picture logo on a prop package of marshmallows in Dana Barrett's apartment, on a graffiti advertisement on the building next to the Ghostbusters' HQ, and then in the climax of the film as the physical manifestation of the Sumerian deity Gozer.", "Stay Puft Marshmallow Man __knowledge__ Subsequently, it has been incorporated into many other Ghostbusters media, including the animated series \"The Real Ghostbusters\", comic books, a stage show, and video games.", "Delayed gratification __knowledge__ Delayed gratification, or deferred gratification, is the ability to resist the temptation for an immediate reward and wait for a later reward.", "Delayed gratification __knowledge__ Generally, delayed gratification is associated with resisting a smaller but more immediate reward in order to receive a larger or more enduring reward later.", "Delayed gratification __knowledge__ A growing body of literature has linked the ability to delay gratification to a host of other positive outcomes, including academic success, physical health, psychological health, and social competence.", "Delayed gratification __knowledge__ A person's ability to delay gratification relates to other similar skills such as patience, impulse control, self-control and willpower, all of which are involved in self-regulation.", "List of Oz characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters in the original sequel Oz books by American author L. Frank Baum, and in the later continued Oz series by his grandson Roger S. Baum, Ruth Plumly Thompson, John R. Neill, Jack Snow, Rachel Cosgrove Payes, Eloise Jarvis McGraw and Lauren McGraw, Dick Martin, Eric Shanower, and Sherwood Smith.", "List of Oz characters __knowledge__ Characters from Gregory Maguire's \"Wicked\" are not included, as his works, among others such as the work of March Laumer, are considered \"heretical\" in Baum scholarship (The term \"heretical\" was first applied to these books by Dr. Stephen J. Teller of Pittsburg State University in the Winter 1988 issue of \"The Baum Bugle\" and appears regularly in Oz fandom)." ] ]

[ 2, 3, 13, 17 ]

[ "Call me crazy, but I like to believe leprechauns are real! Maybe not little bearded men, but the spirit of them!", "Ha! I know what movie you speak of. While mischevious, not evil -- supposedly they spend time mendind shoes and have a hidden pot of gold at the end of the rainbow.", "SAME! Did you save the marshmallows for last?! Those marshmallow shapes had an official name -- \"marbits\"!", "Was that the plot of the scary movie?! A leprechaun that left ONLY THE CEREAL?! The horror! Here's horror: Lucky Charms were inspired by the inventor mixing Cheerios with bits of Brach's Circus Peanuts (those peanut shaped marshmallow candies...yech!)" ]

[ "Leprechaun", "Leprechaun", "Leprechaun", "Leprechaun" ]

[ "Lawyer", "that would be a good idea i think", "very interesting tell me more" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Lawyer __knowledge__ A lawyer is a person who practices law, as a paralegal, advocate, barrister, attorney, counselor, solicitor, or chartered legal executive.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ Working as a lawyer involves the practical application of abstract legal theories and knowledge to solve specific individualized problems, or to advance the interests of those who hire lawyers to perform legal services.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ The role of the lawyer varies greatly across legal jurisdictions, and so it can be treated here in only the most general terms.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ In practice, legal jurisdictions exercise their right to determine who is recognized as being a lawyer.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ As a result, the meaning of the term \"lawyer\" may vary from place to place.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ In most countries, particularly civil law countries, there has been a tradition of giving many legal tasks to a variety of civil law notaries, clerks, and scriveners.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ These countries do not have \"lawyers\" in the American sense, insofar as that term refers to a single type of general-purpose legal services provider; rather, their legal professions consist of a large number of different kinds of law-trained persons, known as jurists, some of whom are advocates who are licensed to practice in the courts.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ It is difficult to formulate accurate generalizations that cover all the countries with multiple legal professions, because each country has traditionally had its own peculiar method of dividing up legal work among all its different types of legal professionals." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Lawyer __knowledge__ A lawyer is a person who practices law, as a paralegal, advocate, barrister, attorney, counselor, solicitor, or chartered legal executive.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ Working as a lawyer involves the practical application of abstract legal theories and knowledge to solve specific individualized problems, or to advance the interests of those who hire lawyers to perform legal services.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ The role of the lawyer varies greatly across legal jurisdictions, and so it can be treated here in only the most general terms.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ In practice, legal jurisdictions exercise their right to determine who is recognized as being a lawyer.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ As a result, the meaning of the term \"lawyer\" may vary from place to place.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ In most countries, particularly civil law countries, there has been a tradition of giving many legal tasks to a variety of civil law notaries, clerks, and scriveners.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ These countries do not have \"lawyers\" in the American sense, insofar as that term refers to a single type of general-purpose legal services provider; rather, their legal professions consist of a large number of different kinds of law-trained persons, known as jurists, some of whom are advocates who are licensed to practice in the courts.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ It is difficult to formulate accurate generalizations that cover all the countries with multiple legal professions, because each country has traditionally had its own peculiar method of dividing up legal work among all its different types of legal professionals.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "Seemed Like a Good Idea at the Time (song) __knowledge__ \"Seemed Like a Good Idea at the Time\" is a song by the English rock band The Darkness.", "Seemed Like a Good Idea at the Time (song) __knowledge__ The song is about a man regretting a decision that lead to the demise of a previous romantic relationship.musicOMH called it \"an introspective laced with regret\" It is the fifth track in the band's sophomore album One Way Ticket to Hell... and Back and it was recorded at Chapel Studios, South Thoresby, Lincolnshire; Paul Smith Music Studios, London.", "Seemed Like a Good Idea at the Time (song) __knowledge__ The song has been released in three different albums: On 28 November 2005 on the band's second album One Way Ticket to Hell... and Back.", "Seemed Like a Good Idea at the Time (song) __knowledge__ On 1 April 2008 in the first compilation album \"The Platinum Collection\".", "Authorities (V franchise) __knowledge__ This is a list of Authorities from the \"V\" science fiction franchise.", "Authorities (V franchise) __knowledge__ Known members of the police and military forces on Earth defending or aiding against the Visitor horde are detailed below.", "Authorities (V franchise) __knowledge__ William Morrow was the President of the United States and a former Air Force pilot who served in Vietnam.", "Authorities (V franchise) __knowledge__ During the First Invasion, Morrow was kidnapped by the Visitors and was held prisoner on the New York Mothership for most of the war.", "Authorities (V franchise) __knowledge__ During his captivity, the Visitors attempted to brainwash him by subjecting him to multiple sessions in the conversion chamber.", "Authorities (V franchise) __knowledge__ However, agents of the Fifth Column helped him escape before he was totally converted and he aided the New York \"White Christmas\" group when attacking the Visitor's ground headquarters (though no-one knew his real identity as he simply went by the name of \"Bill\"), and helped rebuild the government after the Visitors were driven from the Earth by the Red Dust.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ College admissions in the United States refers to the process of applying for entrance to institutions of higher education for undergraduate study at one of the nation's 2,675 schools.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ Generally, the college search begins in the student's eleventh grade of high school with most activity taking place during the twelfth grade, although students at top high schools often begin the process during their tenth grade or earlier.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ In addition, there are considerable numbers of students who transfer from one college to another, as well as adults older than high school age who apply to college.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ Millions of high school students apply to college each year.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Dennis Michael Miller (born November 3, 1953) is an American stand-up comedian, talk show host, political commentator, sports commentator, actor, and television and radio personality.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He rose as a cast member of \"Saturday Night Live\" in 1985, and subsequently hosted a string of his own talk shows on HBO, CNBC, and in syndication.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ From 2007 to 2015, Miller hosted a daily, three-hour, self-titled talk radio program, nationally syndicated by Westwood One.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He is known for his critical assessments of current events, laced with pop culture references and delivered in an idiosyncratic verbal style.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Miller is listed as 21st on Comedy Central's 100 greatest stand up comedians of all time, and was ranked as the best host of SNL's \"Weekend Update\" by Vulture.com.", "Star Wars (film) __knowledge__ Star Wars (later retitled Star Wars: Episode IV – A New Hope) is a 1977 American epic space opera film written and directed by George Lucas.", "Star Wars (film) __knowledge__ It is the first film in the original \"Star Wars\" trilogy and the beginning of the \"Star Wars\" franchise.", "Star Wars (film) __knowledge__ Starring Mark Hamill, Harrison Ford, Carrie Fisher, Peter Cushing, Alec Guinness, David Prowse, James Earl Jones, Anthony Daniels, Kenny Baker, and Peter Mayhew, the film's plot focuses on the Rebel Alliance, led by Princess Leia (Fisher), and its attempt to destroy the Galactic Empire's space station, the Death Star.", "Star Wars (film) __knowledge__ This conflict disrupts the isolated life of farmhand Luke Skywalker (Hamill), who inadvertently acquires two droids that possess stolen architectural plans for the Death Star.", "Bonar Law __knowledge__ Andrew Bonar Law (16 September 1858 – 30 October 1923), commonly called Bonar Law (), was a British Conservative Party politician and Prime Minister.", "Bonar Law __knowledge__ Born in the British colony of New Brunswick (now in Canada), he is the only British prime minister to have been born outside of the British Isles.", "Bonar Law __knowledge__ Law was of Scottish and Ulster Scots descent, and having moved back to Scotland in 1870, he left school aged sixteen to work in the iron industry, becoming a wealthy man by the age of thirty.", "Bonar Law __knowledge__ He entered Parliament at the 1900 general election, relatively late in life for a front-rank politician, and was made a junior minister, Parliamentary Secretary to the Board of Trade, in 1902.", "Ivory trade __knowledge__ The ivory trade is the commercial, often illegal trade in the ivory tusks of the hippopotamus, walrus, narwhal, mammoth, and most commonly, African and Asian elephants.", "Ivory trade __knowledge__ Ivory has been traded for hundreds of years by people in regions such as Greenland, Alaska, and Siberia.", "Ivory trade __knowledge__ The trade, in more recent times, has led to endangerment of species, resulting in restrictions and bans.", "Ivory trade __knowledge__ Ivory was formerly used to make piano keys and other decorative items because of the white color it presents when processed but the piano industry abandoned ivory as a key covering material in the 1970s.", "Ivory trade __knowledge__ Elephant ivory has been exported from Africa and Asia for centuries with records going back to the 14th century BCE.", "Im Tirtzu __knowledge__ Im Tirtzu (Hebrew: אם תרצו, lit.", "Im Tirtzu __knowledge__ 'If you will it') is a Zionist non-governmental organization based in Israel.", "Im Tirtzu __knowledge__ Its name is derived from an epigraph appended to the frontespiece of Theodor Herzl's novel Altneuland, 'if you wish it, it is no fairy-tale,' rendered into modern Hebrew in Nahum Sokolow's translation in 1903, as \"Im tirtzu ein zo agadah.\"", "Im Tirtzu __knowledge__ (\"If you will it, it is no dream.\")", "Im Tirtzu __knowledge__ On its establishment in 2006, the organization stated that its mission was to renew \"Zionist discourse, Zionist thinking and Zionist ideology to ensure the future of the Jewish nation and the State of Israel.\"", "Im Tirtzu __knowledge__ Claiming to \"strengthen and advance the values of Zionism in Israel\", it sees itself as dedicated to combating a \"campaign of de-legitimization against the State of Israel and to [provide] responses to Post-Zionist and Anti-Zionist phenomena\".", "State Bar of Georgia __knowledge__ The State Bar of Georgia is the governing body of the legal profession in the State of Georgia, operating under the supervision of the Supreme Court of Georgia.", "State Bar of Georgia __knowledge__ Membership is a condition of admission to practice law in Georgia.", "State Bar of Georgia __knowledge__ The State Bar was established in 1964 as the successor of the prior voluntary Georgia Bar Association which was founded in 1884.", "State Bar of Georgia __knowledge__ The stated purpose of the State Bar of Georgia is to foster among the members of the Bar of this state the principles of duty and service to the public; to improve the administration of justice; and to advance the science of law.", "State Bar of Georgia __knowledge__ The Bar has strict codes of ethics and discipline that are enforced by the Supreme Court of Georgia through the State Bar's Office of the General Counsel.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ Gag Concert () is a Korean sketch-comedy TV show on KBS 2TV network.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ It began airing in September 1999 and is the oldest of South Korea current comedy programs.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ The show is recorded on Wednesdays and airs on KBS 2TV on Sundays at 9:15 PM.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ The show airs with English subtitles after two weeks on KBS World TV on Saturdays at 6:00 PM.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ \"※ As of 7 January 2018\" \"(Korean: 아무말 대잔치, Starring: Jang Kiyeong, Park Yeongjin, Hong Hwon, Shin Jongryeong, Song Junseok)\" The contest that allows you to say anything.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ Contestants usually say the opposite of what one would expect them to say based on the context.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ \"(Korean: 명훈아 명훈아 명훈아, Starring: Jeong Myeonghun, Kim Minkyeong, Oh Nami, Lee Hyeonjeong)\" Three glamorous ladies try to entice Jeong Myeonghun with their charms.", "Dami Im __knowledge__ Dami Im (, , ; born 17 October 1988) is a Korean-born Australian singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist performing artist.", "Dami Im __knowledge__ Im is known for achieving the best ever Eurovision result for Australia.", "Dami Im __knowledge__ Im emigrated to Australia from South Korea with her family at the age of nine.", "Dami Im __knowledge__ She won the fifth season of \"The X Factor Australia\" and subsequently received a recording contract with Sony Music Australia.", "Dami Im __knowledge__ After winning \"The X Factor\", Im released her debut and winner's single \"Alive\", which debuted at number one on the ARIA Singles Chart.", "Dami Im __knowledge__ This was followed by the release of her self-titled second studio album, which debuted at number one the ARIA Albums Chart and was certified platinum by the Australian Recording Industry Association.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Lawyer __knowledge__ A lawyer is a person who practices law, as a paralegal, advocate, barrister, attorney, counselor, solicitor, or chartered legal executive.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ Working as a lawyer involves the practical application of abstract legal theories and knowledge to solve specific individualized problems, or to advance the interests of those who hire lawyers to perform legal services.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ The role of the lawyer varies greatly across legal jurisdictions, and so it can be treated here in only the most general terms.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ In practice, legal jurisdictions exercise their right to determine who is recognized as being a lawyer.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ As a result, the meaning of the term \"lawyer\" may vary from place to place.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ In most countries, particularly civil law countries, there has been a tradition of giving many legal tasks to a variety of civil law notaries, clerks, and scriveners.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ These countries do not have \"lawyers\" in the American sense, insofar as that term refers to a single type of general-purpose legal services provider; rather, their legal professions consist of a large number of different kinds of law-trained persons, known as jurists, some of whom are advocates who are licensed to practice in the courts.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ It is difficult to formulate accurate generalizations that cover all the countries with multiple legal professions, because each country has traditionally had its own peculiar method of dividing up legal work among all its different types of legal professionals.", "Pride and Prejudice (1995 TV series) __knowledge__ Pride and Prejudice is a six-episode 1995 British television drama, adapted by Andrew Davies from Jane Austen's 1813 novel of the same name.", "Pride and Prejudice (1995 TV series) __knowledge__ Jennifer Ehle and Colin Firth starred as Elizabeth Bennet and Mr. Darcy.", "Pride and Prejudice (1995 TV series) __knowledge__ Produced by Sue Birtwistle and directed by Simon Langton, the serial was a BBC production with additional funding from the American A&E Network.", "Pride and Prejudice (1995 TV series) __knowledge__ BBC1 originally broadcast the 55-minute episodes from 24 September to 29 October 1995.", "Pride and Prejudice (1995 TV series) __knowledge__ The A&E Network aired the series in double episodes on three consecutive nights beginning 14 January 1996.", "Pride and Prejudice (1995 TV series) __knowledge__ There are six episodes in the series.", "Pride and Prejudice (1995 TV series) __knowledge__ Critically acclaimed and a popular success, \"Pride and Prejudice\" was honoured with several awards, including a BAFTA Television Award for Jennifer Ehle for \"Best Actress\" and an Emmy for \"Outstanding Individual Achievement in Costume Design for a Miniseries or a Special\".", "Typhoon Angela (1989) __knowledge__ Super Typhoon Angela, known in the Philippines as Typhoon Rubing, was an intense tropical cyclone that formed in late September 1989.", "Typhoon Angela (1989) __knowledge__ The storm developed from a tropical disturbance in the monsoon trough and moved generally westward throughout its duration.", "Typhoon Angela (1989) __knowledge__ The storm ultimately peaked in intensity as a super typhoon and struck northern Luzon in the Philippines.", "Typhoon Angela (1989) __knowledge__ After weakening and traversing the South China Sea, Angela bypassed Hainan to the south and struck Vietnam before dissipating.", "Typhoon Angela (1989) __knowledge__ The storm caused severe damage and 119 fatalities in the Philippines.", "Typhoon Angela (1989) __knowledge__ Thousands of houses were damaged, and hundreds of thousands of residents were impacted by the typhoon.", "Rúhíyyih Khanum __knowledge__ Amatu'l-Bahá Rúhíyyih Khánum (August 8, 1910 – January 19, 2000), born as Mary Sutherland Maxwell in New York City but raised in Montreal, was the wife of Shoghi Effendi, who was the Guardian of the Bahá'í Faith from 1921–1957.", "Rúhíyyih Khanum __knowledge__ She was appointed by him as a Hand of the Cause, and served an important role in the transfer of authority from 1957–1963.", "Rúhíyyih Khanum __knowledge__ In 2004, CBC viewers voted her number 44 on the list of \"greatest Canadians\" on the television show \"The Greatest Canadian\".", "Rúhíyyih Khanum __knowledge__ She was also a noted speaker from her teens and lectured frequently on the impacts of racism and prejudice.", "Rúhíyyih Khanum __knowledge__ A prolific writer since her youth, Rúhíyyih Khánum was the author of several published books such as \"Prescription for Living\" and \"The Priceless Pearl\".", "Earthscope __knowledge__ Earthscope is an earth science program using geological and geophysical techniques to explore the structure and evolution of the North American continent and to understand the processes controlling earthquakes and volcanoes.", "Earthscope __knowledge__ The project has three components: USARRAY, the Plate Boundary Observatory, and the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth.", "Earthscope __knowledge__ The project is funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF), and the data produced is publicly accessible in real-time.", "Earthscope __knowledge__ Organizations associated with the project include UNAVCO, the Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS), Stanford University, the United States Geological Survey (USGS) and National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).", "Goegnies-Chaussée __knowledge__ Goegnies-Chaussée (also spelled Gœgnies-Chaussée) is a village in the Belgian province of Hainaut.", "Goegnies-Chaussée __knowledge__ It is part of the municipality of Quévy.", "Goegnies-Chaussée __knowledge__ The border between Belgium and France runs right through the village, separating the Belgian Goegnies-Chaussée from the French Gognies-Chaussée.", "Renju __knowledge__ Renju (Japanese: 連珠) is the professional variant of Gomoku.", "Renju __knowledge__ It was named Renju by Japanese journalist Ruikou Kuroiwa (黒岩涙香) on December 6, 1899 in a Japanese newspaper \"Yorozu chouhou\" (萬朝報).", "Renju __knowledge__ The game is played with black and white stones on a 15×15 gridded Go board.", "Renju __knowledge__ Renju eliminates the \"Perfect Win\" situation in Gomoku by adding special conditions for the first player (Black).", "Renju __knowledge__ Unlike Gomoku, Renju has a unique sequence of opening moves called an \"opening rule\".", "Renju __knowledge__ There are several certified opening rules.", "Renju __knowledge__ The list of requirements for new opening rules as approved by the RIF General Assembly in 2003 was: I.", "I Want to Tell You __knowledge__ \"I Want to Tell You\" is a song by the English rock group the Beatles from their 1966 album \"Revolver\".", "I Want to Tell You __knowledge__ It was written and sung by George Harrison, the band's lead guitarist.", "I Want to Tell You __knowledge__ After \"Taxman\" and \"Love You To\", it was the third Harrison composition recorded for \"Revolver\", marking the first time that he was allocated more than two songs on a Beatles album, as well as the start of his emergence as a songwriter beside John Lennon and Paul McCartney.", "I Want to Tell You __knowledge__ When writing \"I Want to Tell You\", Harrison drew inspiration from his experimentation with the hallucinogenic drug LSD.", "I Want to Tell You __knowledge__ The lyrics address what he later termed \"the avalanche of thoughts that are so hard to write down or say or transmit\".", "Legal document assistant __knowledge__ A legal document assistant (LDA, also commonly known as \"document technician,\" \"legal document preparer,\" \"legal technician,\" \"online legal document provider\" and \"legal document clerk\") in the United States is a non-lawyer authorized to assist with the preparation of legal instruments.", "Legal document assistant __knowledge__ Unlike a paralegal, legal document assistants do not work under the supervision of an attorney.", "Legal document assistant __knowledge__ A Legal Document Assistant is an American phenomenon created in response to the most strict licensing laws for attorneys in the world.", "Legal document assistant __knowledge__ The job was created by using the doctrine of \"pro se\" to enable someone to help another prepare a legal document.", "Jury trial __knowledge__ A jury trial, or trial by jury, is a lawful proceeding in which a jury makes a decision or findings of fact.", "Jury trial __knowledge__ It is distinguished from a bench trial in which a judge or panel of judges makes all decisions.", "Jury trial __knowledge__ Jury trials are used in a significant share of serious criminal cases in almost all common law lawful systems (Singapore, for example, is an exception), and juries or lay judges have been incorporated into the legal systems of many civil law countries for criminal cases.", "Jury trial __knowledge__ Only the United States makes routine use of jury trials in a wide variety of non-criminal cases.", "Jury trial __knowledge__ Other common law legal jurisdictions use jury trials only in a very select class of cases that make up a tiny share of the overall civil docket (like defamation suits in England and Wales), but true civil jury trials are almost entirely absent elsewhere in the world.", "Barrister __knowledge__ A barrister (also known as barrister-at-law or bar-at-law) is a type of lawyer in common law jurisdictions.", "Barrister __knowledge__ Barristers mostly specialise in courtroom advocacy and litigation.", "Barrister __knowledge__ Their tasks include taking cases in superior courts and tribunals, drafting legal pleadings, researching the philosophy, hypothesis and history of law, and giving expert legal opinions.", "Barrister __knowledge__ Often, barristers are also recognised as \"legal scholars\".", "Barrister __knowledge__ Barristers are distinguished from solicitors, who have more direct access to clients, and may do transactional-type legal work.", "Barrister __knowledge__ It is mainly barristers who are appointed as judges, and they are rarely hired by clients directly.", "Admission to practice law __knowledge__ An admission to practice law is acquired when a lawyer receives a license to practice law.", "Admission to practice law __knowledge__ In jurisdictions with two types of lawyer, as with barristers and solicitors, barristers must gain admission to the bar whereas for solicitors there are distinct practising certificates.", "Admission to practice law __knowledge__ Becoming a lawyer is a widely varied process around the world.", "Admission to practice law __knowledge__ Common to all jurisdictions are requirements of age and competence; some jurisdictions also require documentation of citizenship or immigration status.", "Admission to practice law __knowledge__ However, the most varied requirements are those surrounding the preparation for the license, whether it includes obtaining a law degree, passing an exam, or serving in an apprenticeship.", "Juris Doctor __knowledge__ The Juris Doctor degree (J.D.", "Juris Doctor __knowledge__ or JD), also known as the Doctor of Jurisprudence degree (J.D., JD, D.Jur.", "Juris Doctor __knowledge__ or DJur), is a graduate-entry professional degree in law and one of several Doctor of Law degrees.", "Juris Doctor __knowledge__ It is earned by completing law school in Australia, Canada and the United States, and some other common law countries.", "Juris Doctor __knowledge__ It has the academic standing of a second-entry, baccalaureate degree in Canada, a master's degree in Australia and a professional doctorate in the United States (in all three jurisdictions the same as other professional degrees such as M.D.", "Juris Doctor __knowledge__ or D.D.S.).", "Juris Doctor __knowledge__ The degree was first awarded in the United States in the early 20th century and was created as a modern version of the old European doctor of law degree (such as the \"Dottore in Giurisprudenza\" in Italy and the \"Juris Utriusque Doctor\" in Germany and central Europe).", "Same-sex marriage __knowledge__ Same-sex marriage, also known as gay marriage, is marriage between people of the same sex, either as a secular civil ceremony or in a religious setting.", "Same-sex marriage __knowledge__ The term marriage equality refers to a political status in which same-sex marriage and opposite-sex marriage are considered legally equal.", "Same-sex marriage __knowledge__ In the late 20th century, rites of marriage for same-sex couples without legal recognition became increasingly common.", "Same-sex marriage __knowledge__ The first law providing for marriage of people of the same sex in modern times was enacted in 2000 in the Netherlands and came into force in 2001. , same-sex marriage is legally recognized (nationwide or in some parts) in the following countries: Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Colombia, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, Malta, Mexico, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, the United Kingdom, the United States and Uruguay." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 6 ]

[ "Im thinking about going back to school to be a lawyer who practices law", "The role of a lawyer varies across legal jurisdictions", "In most countries there has been a tradition of giving many legal tasks to a variety of civil law notaries, clerks" ]

[ "Lawyer", "Lawyer", "Lawyer" ]

[ "Mileena\nI love the game Mortal Kombat. Mileena is my favorite character!", "She has some of the coolest weapons but I'm not sure what they are called. Do you know what weapon Mileena carries?", "A long time ago actually. When did that game even come out?", "I remember feeling a bit guilty playing her as a kid when my parents were around. Do you know where she is supposed to be from?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mileena __knowledge__ Mileena is a player and occasional boss character from the \"Mortal Kombat\" series of fighting games.", "Mileena __knowledge__ A dual sai-wielding assassin, she acts as the evil twin and magenta palette swap of Princess Kitana in \"Mortal Kombat II\".", "Mileena __knowledge__ She has been promoted throughout the Mortal Kombat games as its semi-ironic sex symbol ever since \"\", when she began a pattern of wearing more revealing outfits.", "Mileena __knowledge__ The series' 2011 reboot made her even more psychologically unstable, not to mention cannibalistic, and her resemblance to her sister has greatly diminished.", "Mileena __knowledge__ In the backstory of \"Mortal Kombat X\", Mileena is the sole surviving heir of Shao Kahn and vies for the Outworld throne with the warlord Kotal Kahn.", "Mileena __knowledge__ Despite conflicting messages from the dualism of her design, leading to some negative criticism, Mileena has had mostly positive reception from fans and critics alike.", "Mileena __knowledge__ After the ruler of the other dimensional realm Outworld, Shao Kahn, conquered the realm of Edenia and merged it with his own, he decided he would keep the former king's daughter Kitana alive and raise her as his own.", "Mileena __knowledge__ Though she grew up knowing nothing of her origin, the emperor nonetheless feared that one day Kitana would discover her true parentage and turn against him, and so he ordered Shang Tsung to bring to life a more vicious and loyal version of Kitana that could take her place if necessary.", "Kitana __knowledge__ Kitana (also known as Princess Kitana and Lady Kitana) is a fictional character from the \"Mortal Kombat\" media franchise, where she was introduced as one of the new player characters in the fighting game \"Mortal Kombat II\" in 1993.", "Kitana __knowledge__ Since then, Kitana appeared in a majority of \"Mortal Kombat\" series' video games and its other media, including the films \"Mortal Kombat\" and \"\", and the series \"\", \"\" and \"\", becoming one of the most popular and recognizable elements of the franchise.", "Kitana __knowledge__ One of the lead characters of the \"Mortal Kombat\" saga, Kitana is the princess of the otherworldly realm of Edenia and the biological daughter of Queen Sindel, as well as an adopted daughter of the evil Emperor Shao Kahn.", "List of Mortal Kombat characters __knowledge__ This is a list of playable characters from the \"Mortal Kombat\" fighting game series and the games in which they appear.", "List of Mortal Kombat characters __knowledge__ The series takes place in a fictional universe composed of six realms, which were created by the Elder Gods.", "List of Mortal Kombat characters __knowledge__ The Elder Gods created a fighting tournament called Mortal Kombat to reduce the wars between the realms.", "List of Mortal Kombat characters __knowledge__ The first \"Mortal Kombat\" game introduces a tournament in which Earthrealm can be destroyed if it loses once again.", "List of Mortal Kombat characters __knowledge__ The Earthrealm warriors manage to defeat the champion Goro and tournament host Shang Tsung, but this leads Tsung to search for other ways to destroy Earthrealm.", "Mortal Kombat (2011 video game) __knowledge__ Mortal Kombat is a fighting video game developed by NetherRealm Studios and published by Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment.", "Mortal Kombat (2011 video game) __knowledge__ The game is the ninth main installment in the \"Mortal Kombat\" series and is a reboot of the franchise.", "Mortal Kombat (2011 video game) __knowledge__ The game was released for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 systems in April 2011, and a PlayStation Vita port was released in May 2012.", "Mortal Kombat (2011 video game) __knowledge__ An expanded version of the game, titled Mortal Kombat: Komplete Edition, was released for Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 in February 2012 and for Microsoft Windows in July 2013.", "Mortal Kombat (2011 video game) __knowledge__ Although beginning during the events of \"\", the plot is a retcon to the earliest period in the \"Mortal Kombat\" series, the events of \"Mortal Kombat\", \"Mortal Kombat II\" and \"Mortal Kombat 3\" (as well as the latter title's two updates).", "Mortal Kombat II __knowledge__ Mortal Kombat II (commonly abbreviated as MKII) is a fighting game originally produced by Midway for the arcades in .", "Mortal Kombat II __knowledge__ It was later ported to multiple home systems, including the PC, Amiga, Game Boy, Sega Game Gear, Sega Genesis, Sega Saturn, Super Nintendo Entertainment System, and various PlayStation consoles, mostly in licensed versions developed by Probe Entertainment and Sculptured Software and published by Acclaim Entertainment (currently distributed by Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment).", "Mortal Kombat II __knowledge__ \"Mortal Kombat II\" was the second game in the \"Mortal Kombat\" series, improving the gameplay and expanding the mythos of the original \"Mortal Kombat\", notably introducing more varied finishing moves (including several Fatalities per character and new finishers, such as Babality and Friendship) and several iconic characters, such as Kitana, Mileena, Kung Lao, Noob Saibot, and the series' recurring villain, Shao Kahn.", "Mortal Kombat __knowledge__ Mortal Kombat is a video game franchise originally developed by Midway Games' Chicago studio in 1992.", "Mortal Kombat __knowledge__ Following Midway's bankruptcy, the \"Mortal Kombat\" development team was acquired by Warner Bros. and turned into NetherRealm Studios.", "Mortal Kombat __knowledge__ Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment currently owns the rights of the franchise and rebooted it in 2011.", "Mortal Kombat __knowledge__ The development of the first game was originally based on an idea that Ed Boon and John Tobias had of making a video game starring Jean-Claude Van Damme, but as that idea fell through, a fantasy-horror themed fighting game titled \"Mortal Kombat\" was created instead.", "Ultimate Mortal Kombat 3 __knowledge__ Ultimate Mortal Kombat 3 (\"UMK3\") is a fighting video game in the \"Mortal Kombat\" series, developed and released by Midway to arcades in 1995.", "Ultimate Mortal Kombat 3 __knowledge__ It is an update of 1995's earlier \"Mortal Kombat 3\" with an altered gameplay system, additional characters like the returning favorites Kitana and Scorpion who were missing from \"Mortal Kombat 3\", and some new features.", "Ultimate Mortal Kombat 3 __knowledge__ Several home port versions of the game were soon released after the arcade original, although none were completely identical to the arcade version except for the Sega Saturn port.", "Ultimate Mortal Kombat 3 __knowledge__ Some later home versions followed the arcade original with more accuracy." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mileena __knowledge__ Mileena is a player and occasional boss character from the \"Mortal Kombat\" series of fighting games.", "Mileena __knowledge__ A dual sai-wielding assassin, she acts as the evil twin and magenta palette swap of Princess Kitana in \"Mortal Kombat II\".", "Mileena __knowledge__ She has been promoted throughout the Mortal Kombat games as its semi-ironic sex symbol ever since \"\", when she began a pattern of wearing more revealing outfits.", "Mileena __knowledge__ The series' 2011 reboot made her even more psychologically unstable, not to mention cannibalistic, and her resemblance to her sister has greatly diminished.", "Mileena __knowledge__ In the backstory of \"Mortal Kombat X\", Mileena is the sole surviving heir of Shao Kahn and vies for the Outworld throne with the warlord Kotal Kahn.", "Mileena __knowledge__ Despite conflicting messages from the dualism of her design, leading to some negative criticism, Mileena has had mostly positive reception from fans and critics alike.", "Mileena __knowledge__ After the ruler of the other dimensional realm Outworld, Shao Kahn, conquered the realm of Edenia and merged it with his own, he decided he would keep the former king's daughter Kitana alive and raise her as his own.", "Mileena __knowledge__ Though she grew up knowing nothing of her origin, the emperor nonetheless feared that one day Kitana would discover her true parentage and turn against him, and so he ordered Shang Tsung to bring to life a more vicious and loyal version of Kitana that could take her place if necessary.", "Kitana __knowledge__ Kitana (also known as Princess Kitana and Lady Kitana) is a fictional character from the \"Mortal Kombat\" media franchise, where she was introduced as one of the new player characters in the fighting game \"Mortal Kombat II\" in 1993.", "Kitana __knowledge__ Since then, Kitana appeared in a majority of \"Mortal Kombat\" series' video games and its other media, including the films \"Mortal Kombat\" and \"\", and the series \"\", \"\" and \"\", becoming one of the most popular and recognizable elements of the franchise.", "Kitana __knowledge__ One of the lead characters of the \"Mortal Kombat\" saga, Kitana is the princess of the otherworldly realm of Edenia and the biological daughter of Queen Sindel, as well as an adopted daughter of the evil Emperor Shao Kahn.", "List of Mortal Kombat characters __knowledge__ This is a list of playable characters from the \"Mortal Kombat\" fighting game series and the games in which they appear.", "List of Mortal Kombat characters __knowledge__ The series takes place in a fictional universe composed of six realms, which were created by the Elder Gods.", "List of Mortal Kombat characters __knowledge__ The Elder Gods created a fighting tournament called Mortal Kombat to reduce the wars between the realms.", "List of Mortal Kombat characters __knowledge__ The first \"Mortal Kombat\" game introduces a tournament in which Earthrealm can be destroyed if it loses once again.", "List of Mortal Kombat characters __knowledge__ The Earthrealm warriors manage to defeat the champion Goro and tournament host Shang Tsung, but this leads Tsung to search for other ways to destroy Earthrealm.", "Final Fantasy X __knowledge__ Set in the fantasy world of Spira, the game's story revolves around a group of adventurers and their quest to defeat a rampaging monster known as Sin.", "Final Fantasy X __knowledge__ The player character is Tidus, a star athlete in the fictional sport of blitzball, who finds himself in the world Spira after his home city of Zanarkand is destroyed by Sin.", "Final Fantasy X __knowledge__ Shortly after arriving to Spira, Tidus joins the summoner Yuna on her pilgrimage to destroy Sin.", "Final Fantasy X __knowledge__ Development of \"Final Fantasy X\" began in 1999, with a budget of more than US$32.3 million (US$ million in dollars) and a team of more than 100 people.", "Final Fantasy X __knowledge__ The game was the first in the main series not entirely scored by Nobuo Uematsu; Masashi Hamauzu and Junya Nakano were signed as Uematsu's fellow composers.", "Jade (Mortal Kombat) __knowledge__ Jade is a fictional character from the \"Mortal Kombat\" fighting game series by Midway Games.", "Jade (Mortal Kombat) __knowledge__ Debuting in 1993's \"Mortal Kombat II\" as an unplayable secret character who was a green palette swap of Kitana, Jade made her first playable appearance in \"Ultimate Mortal Kombat 3\".", "Jade (Mortal Kombat) __knowledge__ She has since become a regular supporting character in the franchise, appearing on series merchandise in addition to alternate \"Mortal Kombat\" media, such as comic books and the feature film \".\"", "Jade (Mortal Kombat) __knowledge__ In the games, Jade's initial background is that of an assassin in the service of evil Outworld emperor Shao Kahn, which was expanded in \"UMK3\" and onwards to her being a friend and confidante of Princess Kitana, as well as a fellow patriot of their otherworldly home realm of Edenia that was enslaved by Kahn.", "Characters of Final Fantasy X and X-2 __knowledge__ The tenth game of the \"Final Fantasy\" series, Square's bestselling role-playing video game \"Final Fantasy X\" features several fictional characters designed by Tetsuya Nomura who wanted the main characters' designs and names to be connected with their personalities and roles in the plot.", "Characters of Final Fantasy X and X-2 __knowledge__ The game takes place in the fictional universe of Spira that features multiple tribes.", "Characters of Final Fantasy X and X-2 __knowledge__ The game's sequel released in , \"Final Fantasy X-2\", takes place two years after the events in \"Final Fantasy X\" and uses new and returning characters.", "Characters of Final Fantasy X and X-2 __knowledge__ There are seven main playable characters in \"Final Fantasy X\" starting with Tidus, a skilled blitzball player from Zanarkand who is lost in the world of Spira after an encounter with an enormous creature called Sin and searches for a way home.", "Tidus __knowledge__ Tidus was designed by Tetsuya Nomura with a cheerful appearance, in contrast to previous \"Final Fantasy\" protagonists.", "Tidus __knowledge__ Scenario writer Kazushige Nojima wanted to expand the relationship between player and character with monologues describing the game's setting.", "Tidus __knowledge__ Tidus is voiced primarily by Masakazu Morita in Japanese and James Arnold Taylor in English.", "Tidus __knowledge__ Both actors enjoyed voicing the character, and Morita also performed his motion capture.", "Tidus __knowledge__ He has been generally well-received by video-game critics.", "Tidus __knowledge__ Tidus' cheerful personality and heroic traits make him an appealing protagonist, contrasting with previous male characters in the franchise.", "Mortal Kombat II __knowledge__ Mortal Kombat II (commonly abbreviated as MKII) is a fighting game originally produced by Midway for the arcades in .", "Mortal Kombat II __knowledge__ It was later ported to multiple home systems, including the PC, Amiga, Game Boy, Sega Game Gear, Sega Genesis, Sega Saturn, Super Nintendo Entertainment System, and various PlayStation consoles, mostly in licensed versions developed by Probe Entertainment and Sculptured Software and published by Acclaim Entertainment (currently distributed by Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment).", "Mortal Kombat II __knowledge__ \"Mortal Kombat II\" was the second game in the \"Mortal Kombat\" series, improving the gameplay and expanding the mythos of the original \"Mortal Kombat\", notably introducing more varied finishing moves (including several Fatalities per character and new finishers, such as Babality and Friendship) and several iconic characters, such as Kitana, Mileena, Kung Lao, Noob Saibot, and the series' recurring villain, Shao Kahn.", "Mortal Kombat __knowledge__ Mortal Kombat is a video game franchise originally developed by Midway Games' Chicago studio in 1992.", "Mortal Kombat __knowledge__ Following Midway's bankruptcy, the \"Mortal Kombat\" development team was acquired by Warner Bros. and turned into NetherRealm Studios.", "Mortal Kombat __knowledge__ Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment currently owns the rights of the franchise and rebooted it in 2011.", "Mortal Kombat __knowledge__ The development of the first game was originally based on an idea that Ed Boon and John Tobias had of making a video game starring Jean-Claude Van Damme, but as that idea fell through, a fantasy-horror themed fighting game titled \"Mortal Kombat\" was created instead.", "Mortal Kombat (2011 video game) __knowledge__ Mortal Kombat is a fighting video game developed by NetherRealm Studios and published by Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment.", "Mortal Kombat (2011 video game) __knowledge__ The game is the ninth main installment in the \"Mortal Kombat\" series and is a reboot of the franchise.", "Mortal Kombat (2011 video game) __knowledge__ The game was released for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 systems in April 2011, and a PlayStation Vita port was released in May 2012.", "Mortal Kombat (2011 video game) __knowledge__ An expanded version of the game, titled Mortal Kombat: Komplete Edition, was released for Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 in February 2012 and for Microsoft Windows in July 2013.", "Mortal Kombat (2011 video game) __knowledge__ Although beginning during the events of \"\", the plot is a retcon to the earliest period in the \"Mortal Kombat\" series, the events of \"Mortal Kombat\", \"Mortal Kombat II\" and \"Mortal Kombat 3\" (as well as the latter title's two updates).", "Mortal Kombat X __knowledge__ Mortal Kombat X is a fighting video game developed by NetherRealm Studios and published by Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment.", "Mortal Kombat X __knowledge__ Running on the Unreal Engine 3, it is the tenth main installment in the \"Mortal Kombat\" video game series and a sequel to the 2011 game \"Mortal Kombat\".", "Mortal Kombat X __knowledge__ It was released on April 14, 2015 for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4, and Xbox One.", "Mortal Kombat X __knowledge__ NetherRealm studio's mobile team developed a version for iOS and Android devices.", "Mortal Kombat X __knowledge__ A version for Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 was in development but was eventually cancelled because NetherRealm could not get the seventh generation of consoles versions to the expected level of quality." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mileena __knowledge__ Mileena is a player and occasional boss character from the \"Mortal Kombat\" series of fighting games.", "Mileena __knowledge__ A dual sai-wielding assassin, she acts as the evil twin and magenta palette swap of Princess Kitana in \"Mortal Kombat II\".", "Mileena __knowledge__ She has been promoted throughout the Mortal Kombat games as its semi-ironic sex symbol ever since \"\", when she began a pattern of wearing more revealing outfits.", "Mileena __knowledge__ The series' 2011 reboot made her even more psychologically unstable, not to mention cannibalistic, and her resemblance to her sister has greatly diminished.", "Mileena __knowledge__ In the backstory of \"Mortal Kombat X\", Mileena is the sole surviving heir of Shao Kahn and vies for the Outworld throne with the warlord Kotal Kahn.", "Mileena __knowledge__ Despite conflicting messages from the dualism of her design, leading to some negative criticism, Mileena has had mostly positive reception from fans and critics alike.", "Mileena __knowledge__ After the ruler of the other dimensional realm Outworld, Shao Kahn, conquered the realm of Edenia and merged it with his own, he decided he would keep the former king's daughter Kitana alive and raise her as his own.", "Mileena __knowledge__ Though she grew up knowing nothing of her origin, the emperor nonetheless feared that one day Kitana would discover her true parentage and turn against him, and so he ordered Shang Tsung to bring to life a more vicious and loyal version of Kitana that could take her place if necessary.", "Long Long Time Ago 2 __knowledge__ Long Long Time Ago 2 (; literally \"Our Story 2\") is a 2016 Singaporean period film directed by Jack Neo, the second of a two-part series and the sequel to \"Long Long Time Ago\".", "Long Long Time Ago 2 __knowledge__ Continuing from \"Long Long Time Ago\", Zhao Di takes over her family farm with the help of Ah Long after the 1969 floods.", "Long Long Time Ago 2 __knowledge__ After the government started reclaiming land for development in 1977, licensed owners like Zhao Di are compensated but her brother accuses her of having an affair with Ah Long to get the money for himself.", "Long Long Time Ago 2 __knowledge__ Osman does not approve his son playing in a rock band as he fears the negative influence, causing his son to run away from home.", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ This article is about placeholder names in various languages.", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ In Afrikaans, \"dinges\" ('thing'), \"goeters\" ('things'), \"watsenaam\" ('what's its name') are common placeholders.", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ A common placeholder name for a semi-mythological place - much the same as Timbuktu - is \"Pofadder\" (a real town).", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ A general term for a far away, remote/rural environment is \"Boendoe\".", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ \"Van die jaar toet\" (from the year \"tut\") is often used to indicate an unspecified, long time ago.", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ Arabic uses \"Fulan\", \"Fulana[h]\" (فلان / فلانة) and when a last name is needed it becomes \"Fulan AlFulani\", \"Fulana[h] AlFulaniyya[h]\" (فلان الفلاني / فلانة الفلانية).", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Ek Tha Chandar Ek Thi Sudha (Hindi: एक था चन्दर एक थी सुधा English: One was Chander one was Sudha) is an Indian biopic television series, which premiered on 21 September 2015 and is broadcast on Life OK.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is produced by Garima Productions of Ashwni Dhir.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series airs on every Monday to Friday nights.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is a tragic love story and is a 20-episode series.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story of the series is based on Dharamvir Bharati’s iconic novel, \"Gunahon Ka Devta\".", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Rahil Azam and Umang Jain will play the male and female lead roles respectively.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story starts with an illustration that it is a story about love near Allahabad.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Shadow (Babylon 5) __knowledge__ The Shadows are a fictional alien species in the science fiction television series \"Babylon 5\".", "Shadow (Babylon 5) __knowledge__ Their homeworld is Z'ha'dum, although whether it is the world they originated from is uncertain, and they were the second race among the First Ones to be discovered and nurtured by Lorien, the \"First One\".", "Shadow (Babylon 5) __knowledge__ In contrast to the Vorlons, whose philosophy is represented by the question \"Who are you?", "Shadow (Babylon 5) __knowledge__ \", that of the Shadows is represented by the question \"What do you want?", "Shadow (Babylon 5) __knowledge__ \", centering towards desire rather than identity.", "Shadow (Babylon 5) __knowledge__ J. Michael Straczynski, the show's creator, once explained that he chose the name \"Shadows\" because of its meaning in Analytical psychology.", "Long Long Time Ago __knowledge__ Long Long Time Ago (; literally \"Our Story\") is a 2016 Singaporean period film directed by Jack Neo, the first of a two-part series.", "Long Long Time Ago __knowledge__ The film commemorates Singapore's 50th birthday and stars Aileen Tan, Mark Lee and Wang Lei as the main casts.", "Long Long Time Ago __knowledge__ The story spans from 1965 to the early 1970s.", "Long Long Time Ago __knowledge__ Heavily pregnant Zhao Di, the unwanted second wife of an older man, was chased out by her husband's family and forced to return to her own family.", "Long Long Time Ago __knowledge__ She eventually gave birth to twins, Shun Fatt and Su-Fang.", "Long Long Time Ago __knowledge__ As Su-Fang had two moles on her face, which was said to be bad luck, Zhao Di decided to give her up due to the pressure of wanting to build a better life for the rest of her family.", "Kitana __knowledge__ Kitana (also known as Princess Kitana and Lady Kitana) is a fictional character from the \"Mortal Kombat\" media franchise, where she was introduced as one of the new player characters in the fighting game \"Mortal Kombat II\" in 1993.", "Kitana __knowledge__ Since then, Kitana appeared in a majority of \"Mortal Kombat\" series' video games and its other media, including the films \"Mortal Kombat\" and \"\", and the series \"\", \"\" and \"\", becoming one of the most popular and recognizable elements of the franchise.", "Kitana __knowledge__ One of the lead characters of the \"Mortal Kombat\" saga, Kitana is the princess of the otherworldly realm of Edenia and the biological daughter of Queen Sindel, as well as an adopted daughter of the evil Emperor Shao Kahn.", "Jade (Mortal Kombat) __knowledge__ Jade is a fictional character from the \"Mortal Kombat\" fighting game series by Midway Games.", "Jade (Mortal Kombat) __knowledge__ Debuting in 1993's \"Mortal Kombat II\" as an unplayable secret character who was a green palette swap of Kitana, Jade made her first playable appearance in \"Ultimate Mortal Kombat 3\".", "Jade (Mortal Kombat) __knowledge__ She has since become a regular supporting character in the franchise, appearing on series merchandise in addition to alternate \"Mortal Kombat\" media, such as comic books and the feature film \".\"", "Jade (Mortal Kombat) __knowledge__ In the games, Jade's initial background is that of an assassin in the service of evil Outworld emperor Shao Kahn, which was expanded in \"UMK3\" and onwards to her being a friend and confidante of Princess Kitana, as well as a fellow patriot of their otherworldly home realm of Edenia that was enslaved by Kahn.", "Mortal Kombat II __knowledge__ Mortal Kombat II (commonly abbreviated as MKII) is a fighting game originally produced by Midway for the arcades in .", "Mortal Kombat II __knowledge__ It was later ported to multiple home systems, including the PC, Amiga, Game Boy, Sega Game Gear, Sega Genesis, Sega Saturn, Super Nintendo Entertainment System, and various PlayStation consoles, mostly in licensed versions developed by Probe Entertainment and Sculptured Software and published by Acclaim Entertainment (currently distributed by Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment).", "Mortal Kombat II __knowledge__ \"Mortal Kombat II\" was the second game in the \"Mortal Kombat\" series, improving the gameplay and expanding the mythos of the original \"Mortal Kombat\", notably introducing more varied finishing moves (including several Fatalities per character and new finishers, such as Babality and Friendship) and several iconic characters, such as Kitana, Mileena, Kung Lao, Noob Saibot, and the series' recurring villain, Shao Kahn.", "Mortal Kombat __knowledge__ Mortal Kombat is a video game franchise originally developed by Midway Games' Chicago studio in 1992.", "Mortal Kombat __knowledge__ Following Midway's bankruptcy, the \"Mortal Kombat\" development team was acquired by Warner Bros. and turned into NetherRealm Studios.", "Mortal Kombat __knowledge__ Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment currently owns the rights of the franchise and rebooted it in 2011.", "Mortal Kombat __knowledge__ The development of the first game was originally based on an idea that Ed Boon and John Tobias had of making a video game starring Jean-Claude Van Damme, but as that idea fell through, a fantasy-horror themed fighting game titled \"Mortal Kombat\" was created instead.", "List of Mortal Kombat characters __knowledge__ This is a list of playable characters from the \"Mortal Kombat\" fighting game series and the games in which they appear.", "List of Mortal Kombat characters __knowledge__ The series takes place in a fictional universe composed of six realms, which were created by the Elder Gods.", "List of Mortal Kombat characters __knowledge__ The Elder Gods created a fighting tournament called Mortal Kombat to reduce the wars between the realms.", "List of Mortal Kombat characters __knowledge__ The first \"Mortal Kombat\" game introduces a tournament in which Earthrealm can be destroyed if it loses once again.", "List of Mortal Kombat characters __knowledge__ The Earthrealm warriors manage to defeat the champion Goro and tournament host Shang Tsung, but this leads Tsung to search for other ways to destroy Earthrealm.", "Liu Kang __knowledge__ Liu Kang () is a fictional character in the \"Mortal Kombat\" fighting game series from Midway Games, introduced as one of the original seven player characters in the 1992 first game as a Shaolin monk who enters the Mortal Kombat tournament to save Earthrealm (Earth).", "Liu Kang __knowledge__ Since his victory in the tournament, Liu Kang becomes the \"Mortal Kombat\" series' hero as the champion and chief defender of Earthrealm guided by his mentor, the thunder god Raiden.", "Liu Kang __knowledge__ He also becomes romantically involved with Princess Kitana, the adopted daughter of evil Outworld emperor named Shao Kahn.", "Liu Kang __knowledge__ Designed with special moves intended to be easier to perform than the moves of other characters, Liu Kang has appeared in many of the \"Mortal Kombat\" fighting installments, in addition to starring with Kung Lao as the title characters of the action-adventure game \"\", and being among the eleven series characters representing the franchise in the crossover game \"Mortal Kombat vs. DC Universe\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mileena __knowledge__ Mileena is a player and occasional boss character from the \"Mortal Kombat\" series of fighting games.", "Mileena __knowledge__ A dual sai-wielding assassin, she acts as the evil twin and magenta palette swap of Princess Kitana in \"Mortal Kombat II\".", "Mileena __knowledge__ She has been promoted throughout the Mortal Kombat games as its semi-ironic sex symbol ever since \"\", when she began a pattern of wearing more revealing outfits.", "Mileena __knowledge__ The series' 2011 reboot made her even more psychologically unstable, not to mention cannibalistic, and her resemblance to her sister has greatly diminished.", "Mileena __knowledge__ In the backstory of \"Mortal Kombat X\", Mileena is the sole surviving heir of Shao Kahn and vies for the Outworld throne with the warlord Kotal Kahn.", "Mileena __knowledge__ Despite conflicting messages from the dualism of her design, leading to some negative criticism, Mileena has had mostly positive reception from fans and critics alike.", "Mileena __knowledge__ After the ruler of the other dimensional realm Outworld, Shao Kahn, conquered the realm of Edenia and merged it with his own, he decided he would keep the former king's daughter Kitana alive and raise her as his own.", "Mileena __knowledge__ Though she grew up knowing nothing of her origin, the emperor nonetheless feared that one day Kitana would discover her true parentage and turn against him, and so he ordered Shang Tsung to bring to life a more vicious and loyal version of Kitana that could take her place if necessary.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters in the comic book series The Boys, created by Garth Ennis and Darick Robertson.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ The Boys are a CIA black ops team, initially created by Col. Greg Mallory to manage, police, and sometimes liquidate Vought-American's superhumans.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ While this is in part to help protect normal humans from the actions of the largely out of control \"supes,\" this is also to ensure that the company lack the stability or the platform to push the use of superhumans in national defense.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ Over time, however, the team's focus was changed, due to Butcher's increased influence, from one of management and containment to one of direct confrontation.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that were introduced in CBBC's \"The Dumping Ground\".", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ The series is based on The Story of Tracy Beaker by Jacqueline Wilson.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ It has aired since 2013 and is currently airing the fifth series.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ The series follows \"The Story of Tracy Beaker\" that ran for five series from 2002 to 2005, and \"Tracy Beaker Returns\" that ran for three series from 2010 to 2012.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ Connor Byrne has played the role of Mike Milligan for all three programmes.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ Faith Davis is a resident of Elm Tree House and Ashdene Ridge during the first two series of \"The Dumping Ground\".", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ She is portrayed by Leanne Dunstan.", "I Am... World Tour __knowledge__ I Am... World Tour (sometimes referred to as the I Am... Tour) was the fourth concert tour by American recording artist Beyoncé.", "I Am... World Tour __knowledge__ It was launched in support of her third studio album, \"I Am... Sasha Fierce\" (2008).", "I Am... World Tour __knowledge__ The tour was announced in October 2008 and the first dates were revealed in December 2008.", "I Am... World Tour __knowledge__ It kicked off in late-March 2009 with five rehearsal shows in North America, officially commencing in late April 2009.", "I Am... World Tour __knowledge__ The tour visited the Americas, Europe, Asia, Africa, and Australia with 108 shows in total.", "I Am... World Tour __knowledge__ Preparations for the shows began eight months prior to the beginning of the tour with twelve-hour rehearsals for two months.", "MTV Video Music Award __knowledge__ An MTV Video Music Award (commonly abbreviated as a VMA) is an award presented by the cable channel MTV to honor the best in the music video medium.", "MTV Video Music Award __knowledge__ Originally conceived as an alternative to the Grammy Awards (in the video category), the annual MTV Video Music Awards ceremony has often been called the \"Super Bowl for youth\", an acknowledgment of the VMA ceremony's ability to draw millions of youth from teens to 20-somethings each year.", "MTV Video Music Award __knowledge__ By 2001, the VMA had become a coveted award.", "MTV Video Music Award __knowledge__ The statue given to winners is an astronaut on the moon, one of the earliest representations of MTV, and was colloquially called a \"moonman\".", "Marilyn Monroe __knowledge__ Marilyn Monroe (born Norma Jeane Mortenson; June 1, 1926 – August 5, 1962) was an American actress, model and singer.", "Marilyn Monroe __knowledge__ Famous for playing comic \"blonde bombshell\" characters, she became one of the most popular sex symbols of the 1950s and was emblematic of the era's attitudes towards sexuality.", "Marilyn Monroe __knowledge__ Although she was a top-billed actress for only a decade, her films grossed $200 million by the time of her unexpected death in 1962.", "Marilyn Monroe __knowledge__ More than half a century later, she continues to be considered a major popular culture icon.", "Marilyn Monroe __knowledge__ Born and raised in Los Angeles, Monroe spent most of her childhood in foster homes and an orphanage and married at the age of sixteen.", "Navel in popular culture __knowledge__ The navel has been historically subject to many customs, fashions and taboos.", "Navel in popular culture __knowledge__ Various cultures view the sexual and cultural significance of the navel differently, and these views have changed over time, which has shaped social mores relating to the navel in design of clothing and social traditions and practices.", "Navel in popular culture __knowledge__ The public exposure of the male and female midriff and bare navel has been taboo at times in Western cultures, being considered immodest or indecent.", "Navel in popular culture __knowledge__ It was banned in some jurisdictions, with some arguing that it simulated an \"erogenic orifice\".", "Navel in popular culture __knowledge__ Eventually, only female navel exposure was banned and not male because, it was argued, the simulation or upward displacement from vagina to navel was commonplace and obvious in women.", "Touch My Body __knowledge__ \"Touch My Body\" is a song by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey, taken from her eleventh studio album, \"E=MC²\" (2008).", "Touch My Body __knowledge__ Carey co-produced the song with Christopher \"Tricky\" Stewart, and they co-wrote it with Crystal \"Cri$tyle\" Johnson, and Terius \"The Dream\" Nash.", "Touch My Body __knowledge__ \"Touch My Body\" was released as the album's lead single on February 12, 2008.", "Touch My Body __knowledge__ The song's lyrics feature a double message, with the first describing sexual fantasies with her lover, while also jokingly warning him against recording or releasing information regarding their rendezvous.", "Touch My Body __knowledge__ The song received generally positive reviews from music critics, with many highlighting the song's light pop melody and hook; however, it also garnered some backlash from certain music reviewers, who felt the song did not properly represent the singer's acclaimed 5-octave vocal range.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ The following list describes each of the characters from the popular webseries \"Red vs. Blue\", originally created by Rooster Teeth Productions.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ Colonel Sarge is the leader of the Red Team on Blood Gulch.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He is voiced by Matt Hullum, co-creator of the series, and first appeared at the end of .", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He has a Southern accent.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ Sarge is somewhat bloodthirsty, and the only Blood Gulch soldier on either team to actually be serious about war.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ It is mentioned that he has a military background and briefly joined the ODSTs.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ His preferred weapon is a shotgun, which he carries at all times.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He has a passionate disgust for Grif, demonstrated by his repeated willingness to sacrifice Grif during combat missions as well as how all of his contingency plans are to kill Grif." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 5 ]

[ "Oh yea, Mileena is a character from Mortal Kombat\" series of fighting games.", "I know she is sai-wielding assassin. she acts as the evil twin and magenta palette swap of Princess Kitana in \"Mortal Kombat II\". Have you played Mortal Kombat II?", "Well, im not so sure but talking about maleena again, she has been presented as a not well dressed female symbol ever since , when she began a pattern of wearing more revealing outfits.", "oh yea, not sure buddy but i started disliking her since the of Mortal CombatX in 2011 reboot made her even more psychologically unstable" ]

[ "Mileena", "Mileena", "Mileena", "Mileena" ]

[ "Divorce", "Oh, my parents divorce when I was a young child", "No, they were divorce. No longer married. My mom had her named changed back to her maiden name.", "I believe they were no longer enjoying each other company. What about your parents?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Divorce __knowledge__ Divorce, also known as dissolution of marriage, is the termination of a marriage or marital union, the canceling or reorganizing of the legal duties and responsibilities of marriage, thus dissolving the bonds of matrimony between a married couple under the rule of law of the particular country or state.", "Divorce __knowledge__ Divorce laws vary considerably around the world, but in most countries divorce requires the sanction of a court or other authority in a legal process, which may involve issues of alimony (spousal support), child custody, child visitation / access, parenting time, child support, distribution of property, and division of debt.", "Divorce __knowledge__ In most countries, monogamy is required by law, so divorce allows each former partner to marry another person; where polygyny is legal but polyandry is not, divorce allows the woman to marry another person.", "Divorce __knowledge__ Divorce should not be confused with annulment, which declares the marriage null and void; with legal separation or \"de jure\" separation (a legal process by which a married couple may formalize a \"de facto\" separation while remaining legally married) or with \"de facto separation\" (a process where the spouses informally stop cohabiting).", "Divorce __knowledge__ Reasons for divorce vary, from sexual incompatibility or lack of independence for one or both spouses to a personality clash." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Divorce __knowledge__ Divorce, also known as dissolution of marriage, is the termination of a marriage or marital union, the canceling or reorganizing of the legal duties and responsibilities of marriage, thus dissolving the bonds of matrimony between a married couple under the rule of law of the particular country or state.", "Divorce __knowledge__ Divorce laws vary considerably around the world, but in most countries divorce requires the sanction of a court or other authority in a legal process, which may involve issues of alimony (spousal support), child custody, child visitation / access, parenting time, child support, distribution of property, and division of debt.", "Divorce __knowledge__ In most countries, monogamy is required by law, so divorce allows each former partner to marry another person; where polygyny is legal but polyandry is not, divorce allows the woman to marry another person.", "Divorce __knowledge__ Divorce should not be confused with annulment, which declares the marriage null and void; with legal separation or \"de jure\" separation (a legal process by which a married couple may formalize a \"de facto\" separation while remaining legally married) or with \"de facto separation\" (a process where the spouses informally stop cohabiting).", "Divorce __knowledge__ Reasons for divorce vary, from sexual incompatibility or lack of independence for one or both spouses to a personality clash.", "Single parent __knowledge__ A single parent is a parent that parents alone without the other parent's support, meaning this particular parent is the only parent to the child, responsible for all financial, material, and emotional needs.", "Single parent __knowledge__ It means there is an absence of the other parent as opposed to a co-parent, meaning that the parent is not the only parent regardless of whether or not they are a couple.", "Single parent __knowledge__ Of course, this definition is loosely true.", "Single parent __knowledge__ There is no true definition of what \"single parent\" means and is more based on opinions.", "Single parent __knowledge__ Sometimes, one finds themselves in a single-parent family structure that has arisen due to death of the partner, intentional artificial insemination, or unplanned pregnancy.", "List of Two and a Half Men characters __knowledge__ The American sitcom \"Two and a Half Men\", created and executive produced by Chuck Lorre and Lee Aronsohn, premiered on CBS on September 22, 2003.", "List of Two and a Half Men characters __knowledge__ The show initially centers on seven characters: brothers Charlie and Alan Harper; Jake Harper, the dimwitted son of Alan and his first ex-wife; Judith Harper-Melnick, Alan's first ex-wife, Herb's ex-wife, and Jake and Milly's mother; Rose, one of Charlie's previous one night stands who continuously stalks him; Evelyn Harper, Charlie and Alan's wealthy, five time widowed, bisexual mother, and Jake's grandmother; and last of all, Berta, Charlie's sharp-tongued housekeeper, who later joins the main cast starting with season two after playing a major recurring role throughout the first season.", "Joint custody (United States) __knowledge__ Joint custody is a court order whereby custody of a child is awarded to both parties.", "Joint custody (United States) __knowledge__ In England, prior to the nineteenth century, common law considered children to be the property of their father.", "Joint custody (United States) __knowledge__ However, the economic and social changes that occurred during the nineteenth century lead to a shift in ideas about the dynamics of the family.", "Joint custody (United States) __knowledge__ Industrialization separated the home and the workplace, keeping fathers away from their children in order to earn wages and provide for their family.", "Joint custody (United States) __knowledge__ Conversely, mothers were expected to stay in the home and care for the household and the children.", "Joint custody (United States) __knowledge__ Important social changes such as women's suffrage and child development theories allowed for ideas surrounding the importance of maternal care.", "Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act __knowledge__ The Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act (UCCJEA) is a Uniform Act drafted by the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws in 1997.", "Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act __knowledge__ The UCCJEA has since been adopted by 49 U.S. States, the District of Columbia, Guam, and the U.S. Virgin Islands.", "Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act __knowledge__ The Act became effective in Vermont on 7/1/2011.", "Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act __knowledge__ As of January 22, 2016, the only state that has not adopted the UCCJEA is Massachusetts.", "Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act __knowledge__ Puerto Rico has also not adopted the Act.", "Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act __knowledge__ The UCCJEA vests \"exclusive [and] continuing jurisdiction\" for child custody litigation in the courts of the child's \"home state,\" which is defined as the state where the child has lived with a parent for six consecutive months prior to the commencement of the proceeding (or since birth for children younger than six months).", "Child __knowledge__ Biologically, a child (plural: children) is a human being between the stages of birth and puberty.", "Child __knowledge__ The legal definition of \"child\" generally refers to a minor, otherwise known as a person younger than the age of majority.", "Child __knowledge__ \"Child\" may also describe a relationship with a parent (such as sons and daughters of any age) or, metaphorically, an authority figure, or signify group membership in a clan, tribe, or religion; it can also signify being strongly affected by a specific time, place, or circumstance, as in \"a child of nature\" or \"a child of the Sixties\".", "Child __knowledge__ There are many social issues that affect children, such as childhood education, bullying, child poverty, dysfunctional families, child labor, hunger, and child homelessness.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the characters that have appeared on \"90210\", an American teen drama.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The series introduces Annie Wilson (Shenae Grimes) and her adopted brother Dixon (Tristan Wilds), who move from Kansas to Beverly Hills with their father Harry (Rob Estes) and mother Debbie (Lori Loughlin).", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The family relocated in order to care for Harry's mother Tabitha (Jessica Walter).", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The first actor to be cast for the TV series was Dustin Milligan on April 1, 2008, followed by AnnaLynne McCord on April 14.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ Sachs found Milligan to be \"really funny\", and changed Ethan to better represent his personality.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ McCord was cast because, according to Sachs, \"she's someone who is worldly, and there's a sophistication to her that's interesting.\"", "List of General Hospital characters (1990s) __knowledge__ \"General Hospital\" is the longest running American television serial drama, airing on ABC.", "List of General Hospital characters (1990s) __knowledge__ Created by Frank and Doris Hursley, who originally set it in a general hospital (hence the title), in an unnamed fictional city.", "List of General Hospital characters (1990s) __knowledge__ In the 1970s, the city was named Port Charles, New York.", "List of General Hospital characters (1990s) __knowledge__ The series premiered on April 1, 1963.", "List of General Hospital characters (1990s) __knowledge__ This is a list of notable characters who significantly impacted storylines and began their run, or significantly returned, from the years 1990 to 1999.", "List of General Hospital characters (1990s) __knowledge__ Brook Lynn Ashton is a fictional character on the ABC soap opera \"General Hospital\".", "List of General Hospital characters (1990s) __knowledge__ On the series, she is the daughter of Ned Ashton and Lois Cerullo, and was named after her mother's hometown of Brooklyn.", "Effects of divorce __knowledge__ The effects of divorce on parents and their children have been studied in detail for decades.", "Effects of divorce __knowledge__ Strong evidence indicates that children whose parents get divorced experience significant psychological and social difficulties.", "Effects of divorce __knowledge__ Recent sociological studies have pointed to a variety of long-term economic, mental health, physical, and social consequences of divorce, although the full extent of such effects remains hotly debated.", "Effects of divorce __knowledge__ All the studies to date suffer from an inherent methodological weakness which researchers have not yet found a solution to: establishing the relevant baseline for comparisons.", "Effects of divorce __knowledge__ By definition, all divorces are of unhappy couples; meanwhile, those who do not divorce are some mix of happy couples and of unhappy ones who stayed married.", "Fourteenth Ordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops __knowledge__ The Fourteenth Ordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, popularly referred to as the Synod on the Family, took place from 4 to 25 October 2015 with the theme of \"the vocation and mission of the family in the Church and in the contemporary world.\"", "Fourteenth Ordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops __knowledge__ It was \"reflect[ing] further on the points discussed\" at the 2014 Third Extraordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops \"so as to formulate appropriate pastoral guidelines\" for the pastoral care of the person and the family.", "Fourteenth Ordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops __knowledge__ The 2014 assembly of the Synod, called to define the \"status quaestionis\" (current situation) and to collect the participants' experiences and proposals, can be understood as a preparation for the 2015 assembly, but they are meant to \"form a single organic unity.\"", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ \"Desperate Housewives\" is an American comedy-drama series that aired on ABC (American Broadcasting Company).", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ It focuses on the residents living on the fictional Wisteria Lane as narrated by their deceased neighbor, Mary Alice Young (Brenda Strong).", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ Specifically, the series follows four protagonists and Mary Alice's friends, Susan Mayer (Teri Hatcher), Lynette Scavo (Felicity Huffman), Bree Van de Kamp (Marcia Cross), and Gabrielle Solis (Eva Longoria).", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ \"Desperate Housewives\" features an ensemble cast, which also includes the women's husbands, children, love interests, neighbors, and other acquaintances.", "List of The Secret Life of the American Teenager characters __knowledge__ \"The Secret Life of the American Teenager\" is a television series created by Brenda Hampton.", "List of The Secret Life of the American Teenager characters __knowledge__ It first premiered on ABC Family on July 1, 2008 and ran until June 3, 2013.", "List of The Secret Life of the American Teenager characters __knowledge__ The show features a regular cast of characters, which began with eleven people in its first season.", "List of The Secret Life of the American Teenager characters __knowledge__ Since then, characters have left the show, with new main characters having both been written in and out of the series.", "List of The Secret Life of the American Teenager characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Secret Life\" features multiple guest stars each week, some having larger roles than others.", "List of The Secret Life of the American Teenager characters __knowledge__ The plot focuses on the character of Amy Juergens after becoming accidentally pregnant at band camp.", "List of The Secret Life of the American Teenager characters __knowledge__ It explores how the pregnancy affects her, her peers, and her family." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Divorce __knowledge__ Divorce, also known as dissolution of marriage, is the termination of a marriage or marital union, the canceling or reorganizing of the legal duties and responsibilities of marriage, thus dissolving the bonds of matrimony between a married couple under the rule of law of the particular country or state.", "Divorce __knowledge__ Divorce laws vary considerably around the world, but in most countries divorce requires the sanction of a court or other authority in a legal process, which may involve issues of alimony (spousal support), child custody, child visitation / access, parenting time, child support, distribution of property, and division of debt.", "Divorce __knowledge__ In most countries, monogamy is required by law, so divorce allows each former partner to marry another person; where polygyny is legal but polyandry is not, divorce allows the woman to marry another person.", "Divorce __knowledge__ Divorce should not be confused with annulment, which declares the marriage null and void; with legal separation or \"de jure\" separation (a legal process by which a married couple may formalize a \"de facto\" separation while remaining legally married) or with \"de facto separation\" (a process where the spouses informally stop cohabiting).", "Divorce __knowledge__ Reasons for divorce vary, from sexual incompatibility or lack of independence for one or both spouses to a personality clash.", "Kahani Raima Aur Manahil Ki __knowledge__ Kahani Raima Aur Manahil Ki (Story of Raima and Manahil) is a Pakistani drama that started broadcasting on Hum TV.", "Kahani Raima Aur Manahil Ki __knowledge__ It revolves around the lives of two couples, the first couple hate each other while the second couple love each other.", "Kahani Raima Aur Manahil Ki __knowledge__ The series is a comedy tale focusing on how the two sort out their lives, and try their best to get what they want.", "Kahani Raima Aur Manahil Ki __knowledge__ It firstly aired on 25 February 2014 and cast Sajjal Ali, Mehreen Syed, Vasay Chaudhry and Shehroz Sabzwari as its main characters.", "Kahani Raima Aur Manahil Ki __knowledge__ The show is Aired during Tuesday at 9:10pm.", "Kahani Raima Aur Manahil Ki __knowledge__ After Ramadan the timings of the show changed and it aired airing during Wednesday and Thursday at 9:10.", "Surnames by country __knowledge__ Surname conventions and laws vary around the world.", "Surnames by country __knowledge__ This article gives an overview of surnames around the world.", "Surnames by country __knowledge__ In Argentina, normally only one family name, the father's paternal family name, is used and registered, as in English-speaking countries.", "Surnames by country __knowledge__ However, it is possible to use both the paternal and maternal name.", "Surnames by country __knowledge__ For example, if \"Ana Laura Melachenko\" and \"Emanuel Darío Guerrero\" had a daughter named \"Adabel Anahí\", her full name could be \"Adabel Anahí Guerrero Melachenko\".", "Surnames by country __knowledge__ Women, however, do not change their family names upon marriage and continue to use their birth family names instead of their husband's family names.", "Maiden and married names __knowledge__ When a person (traditionally the wife in many cultures) assumes the family name of his or her spouse, that name replaces the person's birth surname, which in the case of the wife is called the maiden name (birth name is also used as a gender-neutral or masculine substitute for maiden name), whereas a married name is a family name or surname adopted by a person upon marriage.", "Maiden and married names __knowledge__ In some jurisdictions, changing one's name requires a legal procedure.", "Maiden and married names __knowledge__ Nevertheless, in some jurisdictions anyone who either marries or divorces may change his or her name.", "Maiden and married names __knowledge__ Due to increasing security and identification needs, even where it is legal, the common law method is rarely accepted anymore except at marriage (especially for women).", "Middle name __knowledge__ In several cultures, people's names usually include one or more names in addition to the portion that is usually considered adequate to identify them.", "Middle name __knowledge__ In a number of cultures where a given name is expected to precede the surname, such a name is likely to be placed after the given name and before the surname, and thus called a middle name.", "Middle name __knowledge__ In English-speaking American culture, that term is often applied (arguably mistakenly) to names, occupying that position, even if the bearer would insist that that name is being mistakenly called a \"middle name\", and is actually (to mention several types of common cases): In the USA such names are specifically referred to as middle names; in most other countries, as far as they are given names and not, for example, patronymics, they would simply be regarded as second, third etc.", "One Life to Live characters (1980s) __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the ABC Daytime soap opera \"One Life to Live\" that began their run between the beginning of 1980 and the end of 1989.", "One Life to Live characters (1980s) __knowledge__ Austin Buchanan is a fictional character on the ABC Daytime soap opera \"One Life to Live\".", "One Life to Live characters (1980s) __knowledge__ The fraternal nephew of Asa Buchanan, the role was played by actor David Gautreaux from March 1989 until the character's onscreen death in August of that year.", "One Life to Live characters (1980s) __knowledge__ Olympia Buchanan (maiden name Bonard) is a fictional character on the ABC Daytime soap opera \"One Life to Live\".", "One Life to Live characters (1980s) __knowledge__ The first wife of Asa Buchanan and mother of Bo and Clint, the role was played by Taina Elg from August 1980 through Olympia's onscreen death in early January 1982.", "Minor characters on Frasier __knowledge__ Besides the main characters Frasier Crane, his father Martin and brother Niles, Daphne Moon, Roz Doyle, and a few others, there are several minor characters who regularly appear on the American television sitcom Frasier, or who have important but limited roles.", "Minor characters on Frasier __knowledge__ As many of the plots on \"Frasier\" surround the romantic entanglements of the Crane men, several women have significant minor roles in the series.", "Minor characters on Frasier __knowledge__ The more significant of these are listed below, excluding Daphne Moon: Sherry Dempsey (Marsha Mason) is a bartender at McGinty's, Martin's favorite bar, and, for a short time, Martin's girlfriend.", "Brookside __knowledge__ Brookside is a British soap opera set in Liverpool, England.", "Brookside __knowledge__ The series began on the launch night of Channel 4 on 2 November 1982, and ran for 21 years until 4 November 2003.", "Brookside __knowledge__ Originally intended to be called \"Meadowcroft\", the series was produced by Mersey Television and it was conceived by Phil Redmond who also devised \"Grange Hill\" (1978–2008) and \"Hollyoaks\" (1995–present).", "Brookside __knowledge__ \"Brookside\" became very successful and was often Channel 4's highest rated programme for a number of years in the mid-1980s and with audiences regularly in excess of nine million viewers.", "Brookside __knowledge__ It is notable for realistic and socially challenging storylines.", "Annulment __knowledge__ Annulment is a legal procedure within secular and religious legal systems for declaring a marriage null and void.", "Annulment __knowledge__ Unlike divorce, it is usually retroactive, meaning that an annulled marriage is considered to be invalid from the beginning almost as if it had never taken place (though some jurisdictions provide that the marriage is only void from the date of the annulment; for example, this is the case in section 12 of the Matrimonial Causes Act 1973 in England and Wales).", "Annulment __knowledge__ In legal terminology, an annulment makes a void marriage or a voidable marriage null.", "Annulment __knowledge__ A difference exists between a \"void marriage\" and a \"voidable marriage\" .", "Divorce law by country __knowledge__ This article is a general overview of divorce laws around the world.", "Divorce law by country __knowledge__ Every nation in the world allows its residents to divorce under some conditions except the Philippines (though Muslims in the Philippines have the right to divorce) and the Vatican City, an ecclesiastical sovereign city-state, which has no procedure for divorce.", "Divorce law by country __knowledge__ In these two countries, laws only allow annulment of marriages.", "Divorce law by country __knowledge__ In Muslim societies, legislation concerning divorce varies from country to country.", "Divorce law by country __knowledge__ Different Muslim scholars can have slightly differing interpretations of divorce in Islam, (e.g.", "Divorce law by country __knowledge__ concerning triple talaq).", "Marriage __knowledge__ Marriage, also called matrimony or wedlock, is a socially or ritually recognised union between spouses that establishes rights and obligations between those spouses, as well as between them and any resulting biological or adopted children and affinity (in-laws and other family through marriage).", "Marriage __knowledge__ The definition of marriage varies around the world not only between cultures and between religions, but also throughout the history of any given culture and religion, evolving to both expand and constrict in who and what is encompassed, but typically it is principally an institution in which interpersonal relationships, usually sexual, are acknowledged or sanctioned.", "Grounds for divorce (United States) __knowledge__ Grounds for divorce are regulations specifying the circumstances under which a person will be granted a divorce.", "Grounds for divorce (United States) __knowledge__ Each state in the United States has its own set of grounds.", "Grounds for divorce (United States) __knowledge__ A person must state the reason they want a divorce at a divorce trial and be able to prove that this reason is well-founded.", "Grounds for divorce (United States) __knowledge__ Several states require that the couple must live apart for several months before being granted a divorce.", "Grounds for divorce (United States) __knowledge__ However, living apart is not accepted as grounds for a divorce in many states.", "Grounds for divorce (United States) __knowledge__ The United States allows a person to end a marriage by filing for a divorce on the grounds of either fault or no fault.", "Legal separation __knowledge__ Legal separation (sometimes \"judicial separation\", \"separate maintenance\", \"divorce \"a mensa et thoro\"\", or \"divorce from bed-and-board\") is a legal process by which a married couple may formalize a \"de facto\" separation while remaining legally married.", "Legal separation __knowledge__ A legal separation is granted in the form of a court order.", "Legal separation __knowledge__ Furthermore, in cases where children are involved, a court order of legal separation often makes temporary arrangements for the care, custody, and financial support of the children (\"for the time being\").", "Legal separation __knowledge__ Thus, part of the court order determines child custody.", "Legal separation __knowledge__ Some couples obtain a legal separation as an alternative to a divorce, based on moral or religious objections to divorce.", "Declaration of nullity __knowledge__ In the Catholic Church, a declaration of nullity, commonly called an annulment and less commonly a decree of nullity, is a judgment on the part of an ecclesiastical tribunal determining that a marriage was invalidly contracted or, less frequently, a judgment determining that ordination was invalidly conferred.", "Declaration of nullity __knowledge__ A matrimonial nullity trial, governed by the church's canon law, is a judicial process whereby a canonical tribunal determines whether the marriage was void at its inception (\"ab initio\").", "Declaration of nullity __knowledge__ A \"Declaration of Nullity\" is not the dissolution of an existing marriage (as is a dispensation from a marriage \"ratum sed non consummatum\" and an \"annulment\" in civil law), but rather a determination that consent was never validly exchanged due to a failure to meet the requirements to enter validly into matrimony and thus a marriage never existed." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Divorce __knowledge__ Divorce, also known as dissolution of marriage, is the termination of a marriage or marital union, the canceling or reorganizing of the legal duties and responsibilities of marriage, thus dissolving the bonds of matrimony between a married couple under the rule of law of the particular country or state.", "Divorce __knowledge__ Divorce laws vary considerably around the world, but in most countries divorce requires the sanction of a court or other authority in a legal process, which may involve issues of alimony (spousal support), child custody, child visitation / access, parenting time, child support, distribution of property, and division of debt.", "Divorce __knowledge__ In most countries, monogamy is required by law, so divorce allows each former partner to marry another person; where polygyny is legal but polyandry is not, divorce allows the woman to marry another person.", "Divorce __knowledge__ Divorce should not be confused with annulment, which declares the marriage null and void; with legal separation or \"de jure\" separation (a legal process by which a married couple may formalize a \"de facto\" separation while remaining legally married) or with \"de facto separation\" (a process where the spouses informally stop cohabiting).", "Divorce __knowledge__ Reasons for divorce vary, from sexual incompatibility or lack of independence for one or both spouses to a personality clash.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Island of Death __knowledge__ Island of Death is a BBC Books original novel written by Barry Letts and based on the long-running British science fiction television series \"Doctor Who\".", "Island of Death __knowledge__ It features the Third Doctor and Sarah Jane Smith.", "Island of Death __knowledge__ When Sarah’s associate Jeremy Fitzoliver disappears, nobody at work particularly cares.", "Island of Death __knowledge__ However, Sarah investigates on behalf of Jeremy’s worried mother, and soon finds that Jeremy has joined a New Age cult near Hampstead Heath.", "Island of Death __knowledge__ The cultists worship a being called the Skang, and at their ceremonies, they share a drink that makes them suspiciously happy.", "Island of Death __knowledge__ Sarah recognises their leader, Alex Whitbread, as a former right-wing government official who was fired for corruption, but Brother Alex refuses to discuss his change of heart and haughtily informs Sarah that their group’s founder, Mother Hilda, is currently in Bombay.", "Frederick Howard Taylor __knowledge__ Frederick Howard Taylor F. Howard Taylor (25 November 1862 – 15 August 1946), was a British pioneer Protestant Christian missionary to China, author, speaker and second son of James Hudson Taylor, founder of the China Inland Mission, and Maria Jane Dyer.", "Frederick Howard Taylor __knowledge__ Howard Taylor was three when his father founded the China Inland Mission.", "Frederick Howard Taylor __knowledge__ He was born in London during his parents’ first furlough in England together.", "Frederick Howard Taylor __knowledge__ In 1866 at the age of four he was taken with his parents, 3 siblings and sixteen other missionaries to China aboard the Lammermuir (clipper) as part of the famous Lammermuir Party.", "Frederick Howard Taylor __knowledge__ During the 4-month long voyage the ship was nearly wrecked by 2 typhoons.", "Chen Shui-bian corruption charges __knowledge__ Chen Shui-bian, former President of the Taiwan, stepped down on May 20, 2008, the same day that Ma Ying-jeou took office as the new President of the Republic of China.", "Chen Shui-bian corruption charges __knowledge__ About an hour after he left the Presidential Office Building, as a former President of the Republic of China and no longer enjoying presidential immunity, he was arrested and restricted from leaving the nation by Taiwanese prosecutors due to allegations of corruption and abuse of authority.", "Chen Shui-bian corruption charges __knowledge__ Chen was accused of fraud in a case involving the handling of a special presidential fund used to pursue Taiwan's foreign diplomacy.", "Chen Shui-bian corruption charges __knowledge__ However, the Special Investigation Division dropped money-laundering charges because of a lack of evidence.", "Al Mooney __knowledge__ Albert W. Mooney (12 April 1906 – 7 May 1986) was a self-taught aircraft designer.", "Al Mooney __knowledge__ Al, along with his brother Arthur, was responsible for the startup of the Mooney Aircraft Company which began with the M-18 Mite.", "Al Mooney __knowledge__ Al Mooney was born in Denver, Colorado, on April 12, 1906.", "Al Mooney __knowledge__ He had one sibling, his brother Art, who was born on July 10, 1904.", "Al Mooney __knowledge__ Their father John was an engineer who built railroad tunnels and trestles for the Denver & Rio Grande, and he taught his sons about drafting and layout.", "Al Mooney __knowledge__ They both worked for the railroad when they were not in school.", "Al Mooney __knowledge__ Al's initial interest in airplane design began while still in grade school and continued to grow as he progressed to high school.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Well-being is a much-studied topic in psychology, especially positive psychology.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Related concepts are eudaimonia, happiness, flourishing, quality of life, contentment, and meaningful life.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Central theories are Diener's tripartite model of subjective well-being, Ryff's Six-factor Model of Psychological Well-being, Corey Keyes' work on flourishing, and Seligmann's contributions to positive psychology and his theories on \"authentic happiness\" and P.E.R.M.A.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Positive psychology is concerned with eudaimonia, \"the good life\" or flourishing, living according to what holds the greatest value in life – the factors that contribute the most to a well-lived and fulfilling life.", "Dream (American group) __knowledge__ Dream is an American pop girl group, which was active in 1998–2003 and 2015–2016.", "Dream (American group) __knowledge__ Their biggest success came in 2000 with their track, \"He Loves U Not\", a transatlantic hit single.", "Dream (American group) __knowledge__ On May 29, 2015, the original members of Dream announced via Twitter that they would be making a comeback with new music.", "Dream (American group) __knowledge__ On October 5, 2016 Ashley Poole announced via Snapchat and Facebook that Dream had once again disbanded.", "Dream (American group) __knowledge__ The quartet was originally formed in October 1998 when talent scout Judith Fontaine selected Holly Blake-Arnstein (), Melissa Schuman (), Ashley Poole (), and Alex Chester (), four teens from California, to comprise a new girl group.", "Grounds for divorce (United States) __knowledge__ Grounds for divorce are regulations specifying the circumstances under which a person will be granted a divorce.", "Grounds for divorce (United States) __knowledge__ Each state in the United States has its own set of grounds.", "Grounds for divorce (United States) __knowledge__ A person must state the reason they want a divorce at a divorce trial and be able to prove that this reason is well-founded.", "Grounds for divorce (United States) __knowledge__ Several states require that the couple must live apart for several months before being granted a divorce.", "Grounds for divorce (United States) __knowledge__ However, living apart is not accepted as grounds for a divorce in many states.", "Grounds for divorce (United States) __knowledge__ The United States allows a person to end a marriage by filing for a divorce on the grounds of either fault or no fault.", "Marriage __knowledge__ Marriage, also called matrimony or wedlock, is a socially or ritually recognised union between spouses that establishes rights and obligations between those spouses, as well as between them and any resulting biological or adopted children and affinity (in-laws and other family through marriage).", "Marriage __knowledge__ The definition of marriage varies around the world not only between cultures and between religions, but also throughout the history of any given culture and religion, evolving to both expand and constrict in who and what is encompassed, but typically it is principally an institution in which interpersonal relationships, usually sexual, are acknowledged or sanctioned.", "Infidelity __knowledge__ Infidelity (synonyms include: cheating, adultery (when married), netorare (NTR), being unfaithful, or having an affair) is a violation of a couple's assumed or stated contract regarding emotional and/or sexual exclusivity.", "Infidelity __knowledge__ Other scholars define infidelity as a violation according to the subjective feeling that one's partner has violated a set of rules or relationship norms; this violation results in feelings of sexual jealousy and rivalry.", "Infidelity __knowledge__ What constitutes an act of infidelity depends upon the exclusivity expectations within the relationship.", "Infidelity __knowledge__ In marital relationships, exclusivity expectations are commonly assumed although they are not always met.", "Marriage in the United States __knowledge__ Marriage in the United States is a legal, social, and religious institution.", "Marriage in the United States __knowledge__ The legal recognition of marriage is regulated by individual states, each of which sets an \"age of majority\" at which individuals are free to enter into marriage solely on their own consent, as well as in what ages underage persons are able to marry with parental and/or judicial consent.", "Marriage in the United States __knowledge__ Marriage laws have changed considerably during United States history, including the removal of bans on interracial marriage and same-sex marriage.", "Marriage in the United States __knowledge__ In 2009, there were 2,077,000 marriages, according to the Census bureau.", "Marriage in the United States __knowledge__ The median age for the first marriage has increased in recent years.", "Marital rape __knowledge__ Marital rape (or spousal rape) is the act of sexual intercourse with one's spouse without the spouse's consent.", "Marital rape __knowledge__ It is a form of domestic violence and sexual abuse.", "Marital rape __knowledge__ Although, historically, sexual intercourse within marriage was regarded as a right of spouses, engaging in the act without the spouse's consent is now widely recognized by law and society as a wrong and as a crime.", "Marital rape __knowledge__ It is recognized as rape by many societies around the world, repudiated by international conventions, and increasingly criminalized.", "Marital rape __knowledge__ The issues of sexual and domestic violence within marriage and the family unit, and more specifically, the issue of violence against women, have come to growing international attention from the second half of the 20th century.", "Adultery __knowledge__ Adultery (from Latin \"adulterium\") is extramarital sex that is considered objectionable on social, religious, moral, or legal grounds.", "Adultery __knowledge__ Though what sexual activities constitute adultery varies, as well as the social, religious, and legal consequences, the concept exists in many cultures and is similar in Christianity, Islam, and Judaism.", "Adultery __knowledge__ A single act of sexual intercourse is generally sufficient to constitute adultery, and a more long-term sexual relationship is sometimes referred to as an affair.", "Adultery __knowledge__ Historically, many cultures have considered adultery to be a very serious crime.", "Adultery __knowledge__ Adultery often incurred severe punishment, usually for the woman and sometimes for the man, with penalties including capital punishment, mutilation, or torture." ] ]

[ 0, 4, 5, 0 ]

[ "my parents are divorced.they divorced when i was a teenager.", "Are you sure?Divorce should not be confused with annulment, which declares the marriage null and void; with legal separation or \"de jure\" separation", "Do you know why they divorced? Reasons for divorce vary, from sexual incompatibility or lack of independence for one or both spouses", "My parents divorced because my father was having an affair.It took me a long time to forgive him." ]

[ "Divorce", "Divorce", "Divorce", "Divorce" ]