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chujiezheng

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[ "Skunk\nI've always been fascinated by pet skunks!", "Oh yes, I believe the skunks that are pets have it removed. Do you know a lot about them?", "I didn't know that. What types of stuff do they like to eat specifically?", "I always thought they were herbivores. Do you know how big skunks usually are?", "That's a lot of stink for such a small animal, sounds about the size of a cat." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Skunk __knowledge__ Skunks are mammals in the family Mephitidae.", "Skunk __knowledge__ The animals are known for their ability to spray a liquid with a strong unpleasant smell.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Different species of skunk vary in appearance from black-and-white to brown, cream or ginger colored, but all have warning coloration.", "Skunk __knowledge__ 1630s, squunck, from a southern New England Algonquian language (probably Abenaki) seganku, from Proto-Algonquian */šeka:kwa/, from */šek-/ \"to urinate\" + */-a:kw/ \"fox.\"", "Skunk __knowledge__ \"Skunk\" has historic use as an insult, attested from 1841.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Skunk cabbage is attested from 1751; earlier skunkweed (1738).", "Skunk __knowledge__ In 1634, a skunk was described in the Jesuit Relations: Skunk species vary in size from about long and in weight from about (spotted skunks) to (hog-nosed skunks).", "Skunk __knowledge__ They have moderately elongated bodies with relatively short, well-muscled legs and long front claws for digging.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Although the most common fur color is black and white, some skunks are brown or grey and a few are cream-colored.", "Skunk __knowledge__ All skunks are striped, even from birth.", "Skunk __knowledge__ They may have a single thick stripe across back and tail, two thinner stripes, or a series of white spots and broken stripes (in the case of the spotted skunk).", "Skunk __knowledge__ Some also have stripes on their legs.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Skunks are omnivorous, eating both plant and animal material and changing their diets as the seasons change.", "Skunks as pets __knowledge__ Although capable of living indoors with humans similarly to cats or dogs, pet skunks are relatively rare, partly due to restrictive laws and the complexity of their care.", "Skunks as pets __knowledge__ Pet skunks are mainly kept in the United States, Canada, Germany, the Netherlands, Poland and Italy.", "Skunks as pets __knowledge__ In the United States, pet skunks can be purchased from licensed animal shelters, non-profit skunk educational organizations such as the American Domestic Skunk Association, Inc., or breeders with a permit from the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service.", "Skunks as pets __knowledge__ Baby skunk availability peaks during springtime, immediately following the skunk mating season.", "Rabies in animals __knowledge__ Rabies is a viral zoonotic neuroinvasive disease which causes inflammation in the brain and is usually fatal.", "Rabies in animals __knowledge__ Rabies, caused by the rabies virus, primarily infects mammals.", "Rabies in animals __knowledge__ In the laboratory it has been found that birds can be infected, as well as cell cultures from birds, reptiles and insects.", "Rabies in animals __knowledge__ Animals with rabies suffer deterioration of the brain and tend to behave bizarrely and often aggressively, increasing the chances that they will bite another animal or a person and transmit the disease.", "Rabies in animals __knowledge__ Most cases of humans contracting the disease from infected animals are in developing nations.", "Rabies in animals __knowledge__ In 2010, an estimated 26,000 people died from rabies, down from 54,000 in 1990.", "Baylisascaris __knowledge__ Baylisascaris is a genus of roundworms that infect more than fifty animal species.", "Baylisascaris __knowledge__ \"Baylisascaris\" eggs are passed in faeces and become active within a month.", "Baylisascaris __knowledge__ They can remain viable in the environment for years, withstanding heat and cold.", "Baylisascaris __knowledge__ According to University of California, Davis, and the Santa Barbara County Public Health Department, animals become infested either by: After an animal swallows the eggs, the microscopic larvae hatch in the intestine and invade the intestinal wall.", "Baylisascaris __knowledge__ If they are in their definitive host they develop for several weeks, then enter the intestinal lumen, mature, mate, and produce eggs, which are carried out in the fecal stream.", "Channel Islands spotted skunk __knowledge__ The Channel Island spotted skunk (\"Spilogale gracilis amphiala\") is an insular endemic carnivore and a subspecies of the western spotted skunk (\"Spilogale gracilis\").", "Channel Islands spotted skunk __knowledge__ Little is known about their exact variations from the mainland spotted skunk and variations between locations, resolution of which awaits further genetic and morphologic evaluation.", "Channel Islands spotted skunk __knowledge__ The skunk is only currently found on two islands off the southern coast of California (Santa Cruz Island, and Santa Rosa Island, where its occurrence was once thought to be rare but recently experienced a population surge in the 1990s).", "Channel Islands spotted skunk __knowledge__ Its presence has been recorded on San Miguel Island, but it has since been declared extinct in that area.", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ The genus \"Spilogale\" includes all skunks commonly known as spotted skunks and is composed of four different species: \"S. gracilis, S. putorius, S. pygmaea, S. angustifrons\".", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ Mammalogists consider \"S. gracilis\" and \"S. putorius\" different species because of differences in reproductive patterns, reproductive morphology, and chromosomal variation.", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ However, interbreeding has never been falsified.", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ The name \"Spilogale\" comes from the Greek word \"spilo\", which means \"spotted\", and gale, which means \"weasel\".", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ \"Putorius\" is the Latin word for \"fetid odor\".", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ \"Gracilis\" is the Latin word for \"slender\".", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ Several other names attributed to \"S. putorius\" include: civet cat, polecat, hydrophobian skunk, phoby skunk, phoby cat, tree skunk, weasel skunk, black marten, little spotted skunk, four-lined skunk, four-striped skunk, and sachet kitty.", "The Skunks (ska band) __knowledge__ The Skunks were a third wave ska band formed in 1988 by a group of high school friends from suburban Maryland.", "The Skunks (ska band) __knowledge__ They recorded three albums, performed extensively in the Washington, DC/Baltimore, Maryland area, and toured the United States.", "The Skunks (ska band) __knowledge__ In August 1988, Matt Earl and James McDonald, who had been members of Boy Scout Troop 214 in University Park, Maryland, encountered Joe Hottel and Erick Morgan at a skateboarding hangout in Riverdale Park, Maryland.", "The Skunks (ska band) __knowledge__ From this association, came the idea of starting The Skunks.", "The Skunks (ska band) __knowledge__ Soon, the newly formed band, augmented by Anthony Foronda, Jake Hughes and Brent Washburn, began to play at events and parties in suburban Maryland." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Skunk __knowledge__ Skunks are mammals in the family Mephitidae.", "Skunk __knowledge__ The animals are known for their ability to spray a liquid with a strong unpleasant smell.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Different species of skunk vary in appearance from black-and-white to brown, cream or ginger colored, but all have warning coloration.", "Skunk __knowledge__ 1630s, squunck, from a southern New England Algonquian language (probably Abenaki) seganku, from Proto-Algonquian */šeka:kwa/, from */šek-/ \"to urinate\" + */-a:kw/ \"fox.\"", "Skunk __knowledge__ \"Skunk\" has historic use as an insult, attested from 1841.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Skunk cabbage is attested from 1751; earlier skunkweed (1738).", "Skunk __knowledge__ In 1634, a skunk was described in the Jesuit Relations: Skunk species vary in size from about long and in weight from about (spotted skunks) to (hog-nosed skunks).", "Skunk __knowledge__ They have moderately elongated bodies with relatively short, well-muscled legs and long front claws for digging.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Although the most common fur color is black and white, some skunks are brown or grey and a few are cream-colored.", "Skunk __knowledge__ All skunks are striped, even from birth.", "Skunk __knowledge__ They may have a single thick stripe across back and tail, two thinner stripes, or a series of white spots and broken stripes (in the case of the spotted skunk).", "Skunk __knowledge__ Some also have stripes on their legs.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Skunks are omnivorous, eating both plant and animal material and changing their diets as the seasons change.", "Skunks as pets __knowledge__ Although capable of living indoors with humans similarly to cats or dogs, pet skunks are relatively rare, partly due to restrictive laws and the complexity of their care.", "Skunks as pets __knowledge__ Pet skunks are mainly kept in the United States, Canada, Germany, the Netherlands, Poland and Italy.", "Skunks as pets __knowledge__ In the United States, pet skunks can be purchased from licensed animal shelters, non-profit skunk educational organizations such as the American Domestic Skunk Association, Inc., or breeders with a permit from the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service.", "Skunks as pets __knowledge__ Baby skunk availability peaks during springtime, immediately following the skunk mating season.", "Channel Islands spotted skunk __knowledge__ The Channel Island spotted skunk (\"Spilogale gracilis amphiala\") is an insular endemic carnivore and a subspecies of the western spotted skunk (\"Spilogale gracilis\").", "Channel Islands spotted skunk __knowledge__ Little is known about their exact variations from the mainland spotted skunk and variations between locations, resolution of which awaits further genetic and morphologic evaluation.", "Channel Islands spotted skunk __knowledge__ The skunk is only currently found on two islands off the southern coast of California (Santa Cruz Island, and Santa Rosa Island, where its occurrence was once thought to be rare but recently experienced a population surge in the 1990s).", "Channel Islands spotted skunk __knowledge__ Its presence has been recorded on San Miguel Island, but it has since been declared extinct in that area.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Yes and no, or word pairs with a similar usage , are expressions of the affirmative and the negative, respectively, in several languages including English.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages make distinction between answers to affirmative versus negative questions, thus may have triplet or quadruplets of words instead.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ English originally used a four-form system up to and including Early Middle English but Modern English has reduced this to a two-form system consisting of just 'yes' and 'no'.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ It exists in eye blink communication, Morse Code, sign language, and maybe in color coded flag communication.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages do not answer yes–no questions with single words meaning 'yes' or 'no'.", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ The genus \"Spilogale\" includes all skunks commonly known as spotted skunks and is composed of four different species: \"S. gracilis, S. putorius, S. pygmaea, S. angustifrons\".", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ Mammalogists consider \"S. gracilis\" and \"S. putorius\" different species because of differences in reproductive patterns, reproductive morphology, and chromosomal variation.", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ However, interbreeding has never been falsified.", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ The name \"Spilogale\" comes from the Greek word \"spilo\", which means \"spotted\", and gale, which means \"weasel\".", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ \"Putorius\" is the Latin word for \"fetid odor\".", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ \"Gracilis\" is the Latin word for \"slender\".", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ Several other names attributed to \"S. putorius\" include: civet cat, polecat, hydrophobian skunk, phoby skunk, phoby cat, tree skunk, weasel skunk, black marten, little spotted skunk, four-lined skunk, four-striped skunk, and sachet kitty.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ Religious debates over the \"Harry Potter\" series of books by J. K. Rowling are based on claims that the novels contain occult or Satanic subtexts.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ A number of Protestant, Catholic, and Orthodox Christians have argued against the series, as have some Shia and Sunni Muslims.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ Supporters of the series have said that the magic in \"Harry Potter\" bears little resemblance to occultism, being more in the vein of fairy tales such as \"Cinderella\" and \"Snow White\", or to the works of C. S. Lewis and J. R. R. Tolkien, both of whom are known for writing fantasy novels with Christian subtexts.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ Far from promoting a particular religion, some argue, the \"Harry Potter\" novels go out of their way to avoid discussing religion at all.", "Prevalence of rabies __knowledge__ Almost all human deaths caused by rabies occur in Asia and Africa.", "Prevalence of rabies __knowledge__ There are an estimated 55,000 human deaths annually from rabies worldwide.", "Prevalence of rabies __knowledge__ Dog licensing, euthanasia of stray dogs, muzzling, and other measures contributed to the elimination of rabies from the United Kingdom in the early 20th century.", "Prevalence of rabies __knowledge__ More recently, large-scale vaccination of cats, dogs and ferrets has been successful in combating rabies in many developed countries.", "Prevalence of rabies __knowledge__ Rabies is a zoonotic disease, caused by the rabies virus.", "Prevalence of rabies __knowledge__ The rabies virus, a member of the Lyssavirus genus of the Rhabdoviridae family, survives in a diverse variety of animal species, including bats, monkeys, raccoons, foxes, skunks, wolves, coyotes, dogs, mongoose, weasels, cats, cattle, domestic farm animals, groundhogs, bears, and wild carnivores.", "Demolishor __knowledge__ Demolishor is the name of several different fictional characters from the Transformers series.", "Demolishor __knowledge__ Demolishor, sometimes spelt as Demolisher is one of the earliest created Decepticons of the toyline; and in the storyline, also one of the first to come to Earth from his homeworld - the fictional planet Cybertron.", "Demolishor __knowledge__ In the Japanese series, Demolishor's name was Ironhide, coincidentally the name of a fellow character from the Transformers series, later Irontread and also later Ironside.", "Demolishor __knowledge__ Demolishor was a regular character in the show and one of Megatron's most faithful troops, whose loyalty to his Lord was always beyond any doubt.", "Solomon Islands skink __knowledge__ The Solomon Islands skink (\"Corucia zebrata\"), also known as prehensile-tailed skink, monkey-tailed skink, giant skink, zebra skink, and monkey skink, is an arboreal species of skink endemic to the Solomon Islands archipelago.", "Solomon Islands skink __knowledge__ It is the largest known extant species of skink.", "Solomon Islands skink __knowledge__ The Solomon Islands skink is completely herbivorous, eating many different fruits and vegetables including the pothos plant.", "Solomon Islands skink __knowledge__ It is one of the few species of reptile known to function within a social group or circulus.", "Solomon Islands skink __knowledge__ Both male and female specimens are known to be territorial and often hostile towards members not a part of their family group.", "Plestiodon fasciatus __knowledge__ The (American) five-lined skink (\"Plestiodon fasciatus\") is a species of lizard endemic to North America.", "Plestiodon fasciatus __knowledge__ It is one of the most common lizards in the eastern U.S. and one of the seven native species of lizards in Canada.", "Plestiodon fasciatus __knowledge__ Other common names include blue-tailed skink (for juveniles) and red-headed skink (for adults).", "Plestiodon fasciatus __knowledge__ It is technically appropriate to call it the American five-lined skink to distinguish it from the African skink \"Trachylepis quinquetaeniata\" (otherwise known as five-lined mabuya) or the eastern red-headed skink to distinguish it from its western relative \"Plestiodon skiltonianus\" (otherwise known as the western skink).", "Skink __knowledge__ Skinks are lizards belonging to the family Scincidae and the infraorder Scincomorpha.", "Skink __knowledge__ With more than 1,500 described species, the Scincidae are one of the most diverse families of lizards.", "Skink __knowledge__ The word \"skink\" comes from classical Greek \"skinkos\", a name that referred to various specific lizards of the region.", "Skink __knowledge__ Skinks look like true lizards, but most species have no pronounced neck, and their legs are relatively small; several genera (e.g., \"Typhlosaurus\") have no limbs at all.", "Skink __knowledge__ Other genera, such as \"Neoseps\", have reduced limbs and with fewer than five toes (digits) on each foot.", "Skink __knowledge__ In such species, their locomotion resembles that of snakes more than that of lizards with well-developed limbs.", "Pedra Branca skink __knowledge__ Niveoscincus palfreymani, known commonly as Palfreyman's window-eyed skink, the Pedra Branca cool-skink, the Pedra Branca skink, or the red-throated skink, is a species of skink in the family Scincidae.", "Pedra Branca skink __knowledge__ The species is endemic to Australia, and is restricted to the windswept Pedra Branca, an island off southern Tasmania of only 2.5 ha (6.2 acres), where it is dependent on the seabird colonies.", "Pedra Branca skink __knowledge__ It is the only lizard species found on the island.", "Pedra Branca skink __knowledge__ The specific name, \"palfreymani\", is in honor of Mr. A.E.", "Pedra Branca skink __knowledge__ Palfreyman who collected the first specimens of this species.", "Pedra Branca skink __knowledge__ Adults of \"N. palfreymani\" have a head and body length of .", "Lizardmen (Warhammer) __knowledge__ The Lizardmen are a faction in the fictional Warhammer Fantasy setting, and an army in the tabletop wargame Warhammer Fantasy Battle (based in the same setting), which is created by Games Workshop.", "Lizardmen (Warhammer) __knowledge__ The Lizardmen forces have a mesoamerican / Aztec themed culture, and are composed of various reptilian and amphibian creatures, including many based on dinosaurs and pterosaurs.", "Lizardmen (Warhammer) __knowledge__ In earlier versions of the setting (up to and including the 3rd edition of \"Warhammer Fantasy Battle\" and the 1st edition of \"Warhammer Fantasy Roleplay\") there was a separate Slann army based in Lustria.", "Lizardmen (Warhammer) __knowledge__ The background story of the Warhammer world described its creators as the \"Old Slann\" or \"Old Ones\" interchangeably.", "Egernia __knowledge__ Egernia is a genus of skinks (family Scincidae) that occurs in Australia.", "Egernia __knowledge__ These skinks are ecologically diverse omnivores that inhabit a wide range of habitats.", "Egernia __knowledge__ However, in the loose delimitation (which incorporates about 30 species) the genus is not monophyletic but an evolutionary grade, as has long been suspected due to its lack of characteristic apomorphies.", "Egernia __knowledge__ Some of the skinks traditionally placed in \"Egernia\" appear to be among the most intelligent squamates.", "Egernia __knowledge__ They have been shown to be able to distinguish between relatives and unrelated conspecifics, and can recognize relatives individually." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Skunk __knowledge__ Skunks are mammals in the family Mephitidae.", "Skunk __knowledge__ The animals are known for their ability to spray a liquid with a strong unpleasant smell.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Different species of skunk vary in appearance from black-and-white to brown, cream or ginger colored, but all have warning coloration.", "Skunk __knowledge__ 1630s, squunck, from a southern New England Algonquian language (probably Abenaki) seganku, from Proto-Algonquian */šeka:kwa/, from */šek-/ \"to urinate\" + */-a:kw/ \"fox.\"", "Skunk __knowledge__ \"Skunk\" has historic use as an insult, attested from 1841.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Skunk cabbage is attested from 1751; earlier skunkweed (1738).", "Skunk __knowledge__ In 1634, a skunk was described in the Jesuit Relations: Skunk species vary in size from about long and in weight from about (spotted skunks) to (hog-nosed skunks).", "Skunk __knowledge__ They have moderately elongated bodies with relatively short, well-muscled legs and long front claws for digging.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Although the most common fur color is black and white, some skunks are brown or grey and a few are cream-colored.", "Skunk __knowledge__ All skunks are striped, even from birth.", "Skunk __knowledge__ They may have a single thick stripe across back and tail, two thinner stripes, or a series of white spots and broken stripes (in the case of the spotted skunk).", "Skunk __knowledge__ Some also have stripes on their legs.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Skunks are omnivorous, eating both plant and animal material and changing their diets as the seasons change.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Hole (band) __knowledge__ Hole was an American alternative rock band that formed in Los Angeles, California in 1989 by singer and guitarist Courtney Love and lead guitarist Eric Erlandson.", "Hole (band) __knowledge__ The band had a revolving line-up of bassists and drummers, their most prolific being drummer Patty Schemel, and bassists Kristen Pfaff (d. 1994) and Melissa Auf der Maur.", "Hole (band) __knowledge__ Influenced by Los Angeles' punk rock scene, the band garnered critical acclaim for their frenetic debut album, \"Pretty on the Inside\" (1991), produced by Kim Gordon of Sonic Youth.", "Hole (band) __knowledge__ After signing with DGC Records, the band sought to refine their sound on their second album, \"Live Through This\" (1994), which featured less aggressive melodies and more restrained lyrical content.", "The Stuff __knowledge__ The Stuff (also known as Larry Cohen's The Stuff) is a 1985 American satirical science fiction horror film written, produced, and directed by Larry Cohen and starring Michael Moriarty, Garrett Morris, Andrea Marcovicci, and Paul Sorvino.", "The Stuff __knowledge__ It was also the last film of noted actor Alexander Scourby.", "The Stuff __knowledge__ Several railroad workers discover a yogurt-like white substance bubbling out of the ground.", "The Stuff __knowledge__ These workers find it to be sweet and addictive.", "The Stuff __knowledge__ Later, the substance, marketed as \"The Stuff,\" is being sold to the general public in containers like ice cream.", "The Stuff __knowledge__ It is marketed as having no calories and as being sweet, creamy, and filling.", "Bo (parsha) __knowledge__ Bo ( — in Hebrew, the command form of \"go,\" or \"come,\" and the first significant word in the parashah, in ) is the fifteenth weekly Torah portion (, \"parashah\") in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the third in the Book of Exodus.", "Bo (parsha) __knowledge__ The parashah constitutes The parashah tells of the last three plagues on Egypt and the first Passover.", "Bo (parsha) __knowledge__ The parashah is made up of 6,149 Hebrew letters, 1,655 Hebrew words, and 106 verses, and can occupy about 207 lines in a Torah Scroll (, \"Sefer Torah\").", "Bo (parsha) __knowledge__ Jews read it the fifteenth Sabbath after Simchat Torah, generally in January or early February.", "Bo (parsha) __knowledge__ As the parashah describes the first Passover, Jews also read part of the parashah, as the initial Torah reading for the first day of Passover, and another part, as the initial Torah reading for the first intermediate day (\"Chol HaMoed\") of Passover.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ is the longest-running noontime variety show in the Philippines.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The show has featured hundreds of segments and competitions since its debut on July 30, 1979.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The following is an incomplete list of the segments of \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ throughout its thirty-eight year run on television.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The segments are organized alphabetically by title.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ It is a special segment that has a similar concept with \"I Object, Your Honor\" and \"I Object, #NasaanAngHustisya?", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \", that tests the cleverness and originality of the \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ hosts.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The hosts are divided into two teams.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ In each round, both teams are given one specific object.", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ This article is about placeholder names in various languages.", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ In Afrikaans, \"dinges\" ('thing'), \"goeters\" ('things'), \"watsenaam\" ('what's its name') are common placeholders.", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ A common placeholder name for a semi-mythological place - much the same as Timbuktu - is \"Pofadder\" (a real town).", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ A general term for a far away, remote/rural environment is \"Boendoe\".", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ \"Van die jaar toet\" (from the year \"tut\") is often used to indicate an unspecified, long time ago.", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ Arabic uses \"Fulan\", \"Fulana[h]\" (فلان / فلانة) and when a last name is needed it becomes \"Fulan AlFulani\", \"Fulana[h] AlFulaniyya[h]\" (فلان الفلاني / فلانة الفلانية).", "The Wonder Stuff __knowledge__ The Wonder Stuff are a British alternative rock band, originally based in Stourbridge, West Midlands, in the Black Country, England.", "The Wonder Stuff __knowledge__ The original line-up of Miles Hunt (whose uncle Bill Hunt was keyboard player with ELO and Wizzard) on vocals and guitar; Malcolm Treece on guitar and vocals; bassist Rob \"The Bass Thing\" Jones (died July 1993); and Martin Gilks (died April 2006) on drums grew from an earlier collaboration with members of Pop Will Eat Itself called From Eden that had featured Hunt on drums.", "The Wonder Stuff __knowledge__ The Wonder Stuff were formed on 19 March 1986.", "The Wonder Stuff __knowledge__ They entered the studio in September that year to record a self-financed first EP \"A Wonderful Day\".", "Skunks as pets __knowledge__ Although capable of living indoors with humans similarly to cats or dogs, pet skunks are relatively rare, partly due to restrictive laws and the complexity of their care.", "Skunks as pets __knowledge__ Pet skunks are mainly kept in the United States, Canada, Germany, the Netherlands, Poland and Italy.", "Skunks as pets __knowledge__ In the United States, pet skunks can be purchased from licensed animal shelters, non-profit skunk educational organizations such as the American Domestic Skunk Association, Inc., or breeders with a permit from the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service.", "Skunks as pets __knowledge__ Baby skunk availability peaks during springtime, immediately following the skunk mating season.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism is the practice of abstaining from the consumption of meat (red meat, poultry, seafood, and the flesh of any other animal), and may also include abstention from by-products of animal slaughter.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism may be adopted for various reasons.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Many people object to eating meat out of respect for sentient life.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Such ethical motivations have been codified under various religious beliefs, as well as animal rights advocacy.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Other motivations for vegetarianism are health-related, political, environmental, cultural, aesthetic, economic, or personal preference.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ There are variations of the diet as well: an ovo-lacto vegetarian diet includes both eggs and dairy products, an ovo-vegetarian diet includes eggs but not dairy products, and a lacto-vegetarian diet includes dairy products but not eggs.", "Channel Islands spotted skunk __knowledge__ The Channel Island spotted skunk (\"Spilogale gracilis amphiala\") is an insular endemic carnivore and a subspecies of the western spotted skunk (\"Spilogale gracilis\").", "Channel Islands spotted skunk __knowledge__ Little is known about their exact variations from the mainland spotted skunk and variations between locations, resolution of which awaits further genetic and morphologic evaluation.", "Channel Islands spotted skunk __knowledge__ The skunk is only currently found on two islands off the southern coast of California (Santa Cruz Island, and Santa Rosa Island, where its occurrence was once thought to be rare but recently experienced a population surge in the 1990s).", "Channel Islands spotted skunk __knowledge__ Its presence has been recorded on San Miguel Island, but it has since been declared extinct in that area.", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ The genus \"Spilogale\" includes all skunks commonly known as spotted skunks and is composed of four different species: \"S. gracilis, S. putorius, S. pygmaea, S. angustifrons\".", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ Mammalogists consider \"S. gracilis\" and \"S. putorius\" different species because of differences in reproductive patterns, reproductive morphology, and chromosomal variation.", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ However, interbreeding has never been falsified.", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ The name \"Spilogale\" comes from the Greek word \"spilo\", which means \"spotted\", and gale, which means \"weasel\".", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ \"Putorius\" is the Latin word for \"fetid odor\".", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ \"Gracilis\" is the Latin word for \"slender\".", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ Several other names attributed to \"S. putorius\" include: civet cat, polecat, hydrophobian skunk, phoby skunk, phoby cat, tree skunk, weasel skunk, black marten, little spotted skunk, four-lined skunk, four-striped skunk, and sachet kitty.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ Ancient Israelite cuisine refers to the food eaten by the ancient Israelites during a period of over a thousand years, from the beginning of the Israelite presence in the Land of Israel at the beginning of the Iron Age until the Roman period.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ The dietary staples were bread, wine and olive oil, but also included legumes, fruits and vegetables, dairy products, fish and meat.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ Religious beliefs, which prohibited the consumption of certain foods, shaped the Israelite diet.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ There was considerable continuity in the main components of the diet over time, despite the introduction of new foodstuffs at various stages.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Medieval cuisine includes foods, eating habits, and cooking methods of various European cultures during the Middle Ages, which lasted from the fifth to the fifteenth century.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ During this period, diets and cooking changed less than they did in the early modern period that followed, when those changes helped lay the foundations for modern European cuisine.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Cereals remained the most important staple during the early Middle Ages as rice was introduced late, and the potato was only introduced in 1536, with a much later date for widespread consumption.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Barley, oat and rye were eaten by the poor.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Wheat was for the governing classes." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Skunk __knowledge__ Skunks are mammals in the family Mephitidae.", "Skunk __knowledge__ The animals are known for their ability to spray a liquid with a strong unpleasant smell.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Different species of skunk vary in appearance from black-and-white to brown, cream or ginger colored, but all have warning coloration.", "Skunk __knowledge__ 1630s, squunck, from a southern New England Algonquian language (probably Abenaki) seganku, from Proto-Algonquian */šeka:kwa/, from */šek-/ \"to urinate\" + */-a:kw/ \"fox.\"", "Skunk __knowledge__ \"Skunk\" has historic use as an insult, attested from 1841.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Skunk cabbage is attested from 1751; earlier skunkweed (1738).", "Skunk __knowledge__ In 1634, a skunk was described in the Jesuit Relations: Skunk species vary in size from about long and in weight from about (spotted skunks) to (hog-nosed skunks).", "Skunk __knowledge__ They have moderately elongated bodies with relatively short, well-muscled legs and long front claws for digging.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Although the most common fur color is black and white, some skunks are brown or grey and a few are cream-colored.", "Skunk __knowledge__ All skunks are striped, even from birth.", "Skunk __knowledge__ They may have a single thick stripe across back and tail, two thinner stripes, or a series of white spots and broken stripes (in the case of the spotted skunk).", "Skunk __knowledge__ Some also have stripes on their legs.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Skunks are omnivorous, eating both plant and animal material and changing their diets as the seasons change.", "Skunks as pets __knowledge__ Although capable of living indoors with humans similarly to cats or dogs, pet skunks are relatively rare, partly due to restrictive laws and the complexity of their care.", "Skunks as pets __knowledge__ Pet skunks are mainly kept in the United States, Canada, Germany, the Netherlands, Poland and Italy.", "Skunks as pets __knowledge__ In the United States, pet skunks can be purchased from licensed animal shelters, non-profit skunk educational organizations such as the American Domestic Skunk Association, Inc., or breeders with a permit from the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service.", "Skunks as pets __knowledge__ Baby skunk availability peaks during springtime, immediately following the skunk mating season.", "Technical analysis __knowledge__ In finance, technical analysis is an analysis methodology for forecasting the direction of prices through the study of past market data, primarily price and volume.", "Technical analysis __knowledge__ Behavioral economics and quantitative analysis use many of the same tools of technical analysis, which, being an aspect of active management, stands in contradiction to much of modern portfolio theory.", "Technical analysis __knowledge__ The efficacy of both technical and fundamental analysis is disputed by the efficient-market hypothesis which states that stock market prices are essentially unpredictable.", "Technical analysis __knowledge__ The principles of technical analysis are derived from hundreds of years of financial market data.", "Channel Islands spotted skunk __knowledge__ The Channel Island spotted skunk (\"Spilogale gracilis amphiala\") is an insular endemic carnivore and a subspecies of the western spotted skunk (\"Spilogale gracilis\").", "Channel Islands spotted skunk __knowledge__ Little is known about their exact variations from the mainland spotted skunk and variations between locations, resolution of which awaits further genetic and morphologic evaluation.", "Channel Islands spotted skunk __knowledge__ The skunk is only currently found on two islands off the southern coast of California (Santa Cruz Island, and Santa Rosa Island, where its occurrence was once thought to be rare but recently experienced a population surge in the 1990s).", "Channel Islands spotted skunk __knowledge__ Its presence has been recorded on San Miguel Island, but it has since been declared extinct in that area.", "Plant defense against herbivory __knowledge__ Plant defense against herbivory or host-plant resistance (HPR) describes a range of adaptations evolved by plants which improve their survival and reproduction by reducing the impact of herbivores.", "Plant defense against herbivory __knowledge__ Plants can sense being touched, and they can use several strategies to defend against damage caused by herbivores.", "Plant defense against herbivory __knowledge__ Many plants produce secondary metabolites, known as allelochemicals, that influence the behavior, growth, or survival of herbivores.", "Plant defense against herbivory __knowledge__ These chemical defenses can act as repellents or toxins to herbivores, or reduce plant digestibility.", "Plant defense against herbivory __knowledge__ Other defensive strategies used by plants include escaping or avoiding herbivores in any time and/or any place, for example by growing in a location where plants are not easily found or accessed by herbivores, or by changing seasonal growth patterns.", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ The genus \"Spilogale\" includes all skunks commonly known as spotted skunks and is composed of four different species: \"S. gracilis, S. putorius, S. pygmaea, S. angustifrons\".", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ Mammalogists consider \"S. gracilis\" and \"S. putorius\" different species because of differences in reproductive patterns, reproductive morphology, and chromosomal variation.", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ However, interbreeding has never been falsified.", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ The name \"Spilogale\" comes from the Greek word \"spilo\", which means \"spotted\", and gale, which means \"weasel\".", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ \"Putorius\" is the Latin word for \"fetid odor\".", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ \"Gracilis\" is the Latin word for \"slender\".", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ Several other names attributed to \"S. putorius\" include: civet cat, polecat, hydrophobian skunk, phoby skunk, phoby cat, tree skunk, weasel skunk, black marten, little spotted skunk, four-lined skunk, four-striped skunk, and sachet kitty.", "Herbivore __knowledge__ A herbivore is an animal anatomically and physiologically adapted to eating plant material, for example foliage, for the main component of its diet.", "Herbivore __knowledge__ As a result of their plant diet, herbivorous animals typically have mouthparts adapted to rasping or grinding.", "Herbivore __knowledge__ Horses and other herbivores have wide flat teeth that are adapted to grinding grass, tree bark, and other tough plant material.", "Herbivore __knowledge__ A large percentage of herbivores have mutualistic gut flora that help them digest plant matter, which is more difficult to digest than animal prey.", "Herbivore __knowledge__ This flora is made up of cellulose-digesting protozoans or bacteria.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ This list of ecoregions of North America provides an overview of North American ecoregions designated by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC) in its North American Environmental Atlas.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ It should not be confused with Wikipedia articles based on the classification system developed by the World Wildlife Fund, such as List of ecoregions (WWF) and Lists of ecoregions by country.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ The commission was established in 1994 by the member states of Canada, Mexico, and the United States to address regional environmental concerns under the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC), the environmental side accord to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).", "Rodent __knowledge__ Rodents (from Latin \"rodere\", \"to gnaw\") are mammals of the order Rodentia, which are characterized by a single pair of continuously growing incisors in each of the upper and lower jaws.", "Rodent __knowledge__ About 40% of all mammal species are rodents; they are found in vast numbers on all continents except Antarctica.", "Rodent __knowledge__ They are the most diversified mammalian order and live in a variety of terrestrial habitats, including human-made environments.", "Rodent __knowledge__ Species can be arboreal, fossorial (burrowing), or semiaquatic.", "Rodent __knowledge__ Well-known rodents include mice, rats, squirrels, prairie dogs, porcupines, beavers, guinea pigs, hamsters, gerbils and capybaras.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ This is a list of creatures in the fictional \"Star Wars\" universe.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ To be listed here, creatures must be noted in multiple canonical sources.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ An Acklay is a large non-Sentient creature resembling an Earth's praying mantis.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ It is a Crustacean.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ It is equipped with three eyes and six legs with four digits each, the fourth of which terminates in an elongated scythe-like claw and a crest to protect it from air attack.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ As a carnivore, it possesses a mouth full of long, sharp teeth that it uses for catching fish.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ It originated on Vendaxa, but has since adapted to other environments such as Felucia and Geonosis.", "Reindeer __knowledge__ The reindeer (\"Rangifer tarandus\"), also known as caribou in North America, is a species of deer with circumpolar distribution, native to arctic, subarctic, tundra, boreal, and mountainous regions of northern Europe, Siberia, and North America.", "Reindeer __knowledge__ This includes both sedentary and migratory populations.", "Reindeer __knowledge__ \"Rangifer\" herd size varies greatly in different geographic regions.", "Reindeer __knowledge__ The Taimyr herd of migrating tundra reindeer (\"R.t. sibiricus\") in Russia is the largest wild reindeer herd in the world, with numbers varying between 400,000 and 1,000,000.", "Reindeer __knowledge__ The second largest is the migratory woodland caribou (\"R.t. caribou\") George River herd in Canada, with variations between 28,000 and 385,000.", "Pachyuromys __knowledge__ Pachyuromys duprasi is a rodent belonging to subfamily Gerbillinae.", "Pachyuromys __knowledge__ It is the only member of the genus Pachyuromys.", "Pachyuromys __knowledge__ These rodents are the most docile species of the Gerbil subfamily.", "Pachyuromys __knowledge__ Often called the fat-tailed gerbil or duprasi gerbil.", "Pachyuromys __knowledge__ Other common English names: fat-tailed jird, fat-tailed rat, beer mat gerbil.", "Pachyuromys __knowledge__ Names in other languages: ' (أبو ليه) in Egyptian Arabic, and ' (عضل أليان) in Standard Arabic, ' (French), ' (German), ' (Danish), ' (Finnish), \"\" (Dutch).", "Pachyuromys __knowledge__ They have a fluffy and soft fur.", "Pachyuromys __knowledge__ Fat-tailed gerbils are very new on the pet market.", "Pachyuromys __knowledge__ The fat-tailed gerbil is a medium-sized gerbil.", "Marsh rice rat __knowledge__ The marsh rice rat (\"Oryzomys palustris\") is a semiaquatic North American rodent in the family Cricetidae.", "Marsh rice rat __knowledge__ It usually occurs in wetland habitats, such as swamps and salt marshes.", "Marsh rice rat __knowledge__ It is found mostly in the eastern and southern United States, from New Jersey and Kansas south to Florida and northeasternmost Tamaulipas, Mexico; its range previously extended further west and north, where it may have been a commensal in corn-cultivating communities.", "Marsh rice rat __knowledge__ Weighing about , the marsh rice rat is a medium-sized rodent that resembles the common black and brown rat.", "Marsh rice rat __knowledge__ The upperparts are generally gray-brown, but are reddish in many Florida populations.", "Cat __knowledge__ The domestic cat (\"Felis silvestris catus\" or \"Felis catus\") is a small, typically furry, carnivorous mammal.", "Cat __knowledge__ They are often called house cats when kept as indoor pets or simply cats when there is no need to distinguish them from other felids and felines.", "Cat __knowledge__ They are often valued by humans for companionship and for their ability to hunt vermin.", "Cat __knowledge__ There are more than seventy cat breeds recognized by various cat registries.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats are similar in anatomy to the other felids, with a strong flexible body, quick reflexes, sharp retractable claws, and teeth adapted to killing small prey.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cat senses fit a crepuscular and predatory ecological niche." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Skunk __knowledge__ Skunks are mammals in the family Mephitidae.", "Skunk __knowledge__ The animals are known for their ability to spray a liquid with a strong unpleasant smell.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Different species of skunk vary in appearance from black-and-white to brown, cream or ginger colored, but all have warning coloration.", "Skunk __knowledge__ 1630s, squunck, from a southern New England Algonquian language (probably Abenaki) seganku, from Proto-Algonquian */šeka:kwa/, from */šek-/ \"to urinate\" + */-a:kw/ \"fox.\"", "Skunk __knowledge__ \"Skunk\" has historic use as an insult, attested from 1841.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Skunk cabbage is attested from 1751; earlier skunkweed (1738).", "Skunk __knowledge__ In 1634, a skunk was described in the Jesuit Relations: Skunk species vary in size from about long and in weight from about (spotted skunks) to (hog-nosed skunks).", "Skunk __knowledge__ They have moderately elongated bodies with relatively short, well-muscled legs and long front claws for digging.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Although the most common fur color is black and white, some skunks are brown or grey and a few are cream-colored.", "Skunk __knowledge__ All skunks are striped, even from birth.", "Skunk __knowledge__ They may have a single thick stripe across back and tail, two thinner stripes, or a series of white spots and broken stripes (in the case of the spotted skunk).", "Skunk __knowledge__ Some also have stripes on their legs.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Skunks are omnivorous, eating both plant and animal material and changing their diets as the seasons change.", "Hogle Zoo __knowledge__ Utah's Hogle Zoo is a zoo located in Salt Lake City, Utah.", "Hogle Zoo __knowledge__ It houses animals from diverse ecosystems.", "Hogle Zoo __knowledge__ It is located at the mouth of Emigration Canyon.", "Hogle Zoo __knowledge__ Hogle (pronounced \"ho-gul\") is an accredited member of the Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA) and the World Association of Zoos and Aquariums (WAZA).", "Hogle Zoo __knowledge__ The zoo has been at its present location at the mouth of Emigration Canyon since 1931 on land donated by Mr. and Mrs. James A. Hogle.", "Hogle Zoo __knowledge__ Its original location was in Salt Lake City's Liberty Park.", "Hogle Zoo __knowledge__ In 1936, the zoo purchased Princess Alice, an elephant, from a traveling circus.", "Hogle Zoo __knowledge__ She gave birth to the first elephant born in Utah.", "Brown marmorated stink bug __knowledge__ Halyomorpha halys, also known as the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), or simply the stink bug, is an insect in the family Pentatomidae that is native to China, Japan, the Koreas, and Taiwan.", "Brown marmorated stink bug __knowledge__ It was accidentally introduced into the United States, with the first specimen being collected in September, 1998.", "Brown marmorated stink bug __knowledge__ The brown marmorated stink bug is considered to be an agricultural pest and by 2010–11 had become a season-long pest in U.S. orchards.", "Brown marmorated stink bug __knowledge__ It has recently established itself also in Europe and South America.", "Brown marmorated stink bug __knowledge__ The adults are approximately long and about as wide, forming the shield shape characteristic of other stink bugs.", "Cat __knowledge__ The domestic cat (\"Felis silvestris catus\" or \"Felis catus\") is a small, typically furry, carnivorous mammal.", "Cat __knowledge__ They are often called house cats when kept as indoor pets or simply cats when there is no need to distinguish them from other felids and felines.", "Cat __knowledge__ They are often valued by humans for companionship and for their ability to hunt vermin.", "Cat __knowledge__ There are more than seventy cat breeds recognized by various cat registries.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats are similar in anatomy to the other felids, with a strong flexible body, quick reflexes, sharp retractable claws, and teeth adapted to killing small prey.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cat senses fit a crepuscular and predatory ecological niche.", "Mr Stink (film) __knowledge__ Mr. Stink is a 60-minute BBC television film adaptation of the novel of the same name by David Walliams that was first broadcast on 23 December 2012.", "Mr Stink (film) __knowledge__ A 12-year-old girl named Chloe Crumb is on the bus on the way to school.", "Mr Stink (film) __knowledge__ Her nemesis, Pippa (Jemma Donovan), throws a banana skin on a tramp called Mr. Stink who is sitting on a bench with his dog, Duchess .", "Mr Stink (film) __knowledge__ She goes to see Mr. Stink, who asks for some sausages for the Duchess.", "Mr Stink (film) __knowledge__ The following morning, she takes some sausages to give them to Mr. Stink.", "Mr Stink (film) __knowledge__ Chloe's mother, Caroline (Sheridan Smith), is a candidate to be the local MP.", "Mr Stink (film) __knowledge__ She rips up the story that Chloe wrote, believing that homeless people should be run out of town.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Mammal __knowledge__ Mammals are the vertebrates within the class Mammalia ( from Latin \"mamma\" \"breast\"), a clade of endothermic amniotes distinguished from reptiles (including birds) by the possession of a neocortex (a region of the brain), hair, three middle ear bones, and mammary glands.", "Mammal __knowledge__ Females of all mammal species nurse their young with milk, secreted from the mammary glands.", "Mammal __knowledge__ Mammals include the largest animal on the planet, the blue whale.", "Mammal __knowledge__ The basic body type is a terrestrial quadruped, but some mammals are adapted for life at sea, in the air, in trees, underground or on two legs.", "Mammal __knowledge__ The largest group of mammals, the placentals, have a placenta, which enables the feeding of the fetus during gestation.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Skunks as pets __knowledge__ Although capable of living indoors with humans similarly to cats or dogs, pet skunks are relatively rare, partly due to restrictive laws and the complexity of their care.", "Skunks as pets __knowledge__ Pet skunks are mainly kept in the United States, Canada, Germany, the Netherlands, Poland and Italy.", "Skunks as pets __knowledge__ In the United States, pet skunks can be purchased from licensed animal shelters, non-profit skunk educational organizations such as the American Domestic Skunk Association, Inc., or breeders with a permit from the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service.", "Skunks as pets __knowledge__ Baby skunk availability peaks during springtime, immediately following the skunk mating season.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Glory Days is the sixteenth season of \"The Biggest Loser\" which premiered on September 11, 2014 on NBC.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ Bob Harper and Dolvett Quince returned as trainers, while Jillian Michaels decided to leave the show.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ There are two new trainers this season: Jessie Pavelka and Jennifer Widerstrom.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season, the contestants are all former athletes including former National Football League players and Olympic Gold medalists.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize which was awarded to Toma Dobrosavljevic, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season was also the last for host Alison Sweeney to focus on other projects.", "Channel Islands spotted skunk __knowledge__ The Channel Island spotted skunk (\"Spilogale gracilis amphiala\") is an insular endemic carnivore and a subspecies of the western spotted skunk (\"Spilogale gracilis\").", "Channel Islands spotted skunk __knowledge__ Little is known about their exact variations from the mainland spotted skunk and variations between locations, resolution of which awaits further genetic and morphologic evaluation.", "Channel Islands spotted skunk __knowledge__ The skunk is only currently found on two islands off the southern coast of California (Santa Cruz Island, and Santa Rosa Island, where its occurrence was once thought to be rare but recently experienced a population surge in the 1990s).", "Channel Islands spotted skunk __knowledge__ Its presence has been recorded on San Miguel Island, but it has since been declared extinct in that area.", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ The genus \"Spilogale\" includes all skunks commonly known as spotted skunks and is composed of four different species: \"S. gracilis, S. putorius, S. pygmaea, S. angustifrons\".", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ Mammalogists consider \"S. gracilis\" and \"S. putorius\" different species because of differences in reproductive patterns, reproductive morphology, and chromosomal variation.", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ However, interbreeding has never been falsified.", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ The name \"Spilogale\" comes from the Greek word \"spilo\", which means \"spotted\", and gale, which means \"weasel\".", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ \"Putorius\" is the Latin word for \"fetid odor\".", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ \"Gracilis\" is the Latin word for \"slender\".", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ Several other names attributed to \"S. putorius\" include: civet cat, polecat, hydrophobian skunk, phoby skunk, phoby cat, tree skunk, weasel skunk, black marten, little spotted skunk, four-lined skunk, four-striped skunk, and sachet kitty.", "The Skunks (ska band) __knowledge__ The Skunks were a third wave ska band formed in 1988 by a group of high school friends from suburban Maryland.", "The Skunks (ska band) __knowledge__ They recorded three albums, performed extensively in the Washington, DC/Baltimore, Maryland area, and toured the United States.", "The Skunks (ska band) __knowledge__ In August 1988, Matt Earl and James McDonald, who had been members of Boy Scout Troop 214 in University Park, Maryland, encountered Joe Hottel and Erick Morgan at a skateboarding hangout in Riverdale Park, Maryland.", "The Skunks (ska band) __knowledge__ From this association, came the idea of starting The Skunks.", "The Skunks (ska band) __knowledge__ Soon, the newly formed band, augmented by Anthony Foronda, Jake Hughes and Brent Washburn, began to play at events and parties in suburban Maryland.", "Great horned owl __knowledge__ The great horned owl (\"Bubo virginianus\"), also known as the tiger owl (originally derived from early naturalists' description as the \"winged tiger\" or \"tiger of the air\") or the hoot owl, is a large owl native to the Americas.", "Great horned owl __knowledge__ It is an extremely adaptable bird with a vast range and is the most widely distributed true owl in the Americas.", "Great horned owl __knowledge__ Its primary diet is rabbits and hares, rats and mice and voles, although it freely hunts any animal it can overtake, including rodents and other small mammals, larger mid-sized mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and invertebrates.", "Great horned owl __knowledge__ In ornithological study, the great horned owl is often compared to the Eurasian eagle-owl (\"Bubo bubo\"), a closely related species which, despite the latter's notably larger size, occupies the same ecological niche in Eurasia, and the red-tailed hawk (\"Buteo jamaicensis\"), with which it often shares similar habitat, prey and nesting habits by day and is thus something of a diurnal ecological equivalent." ] ]

[ 2, 13, 13, 1, 3 ]

[ "Skinks are known for ability to spray a strong nasty smell!", "I know skunks are versatile and change diet with the seasons they eat vegetables and animals", "They eat vegetables that grow in the wild and animals like small rodents", "Skunks weigh about eight pounds and skunks are mammals", "Most skunks are black with white striping but a few are brown or beige" ]

[ "Skunk", "Skunk", "Skunk", "Skunk", "Skunk" ]

[ "Reading (process)\nI love reading, it lets me escape into fictional worlds", "Reading (process)", "Yeah, I find it amazing how we can convert lines on a page to meaning in our heads", "Yeah, you get into the head of the writer when you read" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a complex \"cognitive process\" of decoding symbols in order to construct or derive meaning (reading comprehension).", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a means of language acquisition, communication, and of sharing information and ideas.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Like all languages, it is a complex interaction between the text and the reader which is shaped by the reader’s prior knowledge, experiences, attitude, and language community which is culturally and socially situated.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ The reading process requires continuous practice, development, and refinement.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ In addition, reading requires creativity and critical analysis.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Consumers of literature make ventures with each piece, innately deviating from literal words to create images that make sense to them in the unfamiliar places the texts describe.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Because reading is such a complex process, it cannot be controlled or restricted to one or two interpretations.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ There are no concrete laws in reading, but rather allows readers an escape to produce their own products introspectively.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ This promotes deep exploration of texts during interpretation.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Readers use a variety of reading strategies to assist with decoding (to translate symbols into sounds or visual representations of speech) and comprehension.", "Thomas Pavel __knowledge__ Thomas Pavel (born Toma Pavel, April 4, 1941 in Bucharest, Romania) is a literary theorist, critic, and novelist currently teaching at the University of Chicago.", "Thomas Pavel __knowledge__ Thomas Pavel received an MA in Linguistics from the University of Bucharest in 1962 and a Doctorat 3e cycle from the Écoles des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales, Paris, in 1971, after defecting to France in 1969.", "Thomas Pavel __knowledge__ He taught at the University of Ottawa from 1971 to 1981, the University of Québec at Montréal from 1981 to 1986, the University of California Santa Cruz from 1986 to 1990, and Princeton University from 1990 to 1998.", "Thomas Pavel __knowledge__ He was a visiting professor at the University of Amsterdam, Harvard University, University of California, Berkeley, and the École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales.", "Printer driver __knowledge__ In computers, a printer driver or a print processor is a piece of software that converts the data to be printed to the form specific to a printer.", "Printer driver __knowledge__ The purpose of printer drivers is to allow applications to do printing without being aware of the technical details of each printer model.", "Printer driver __knowledge__ Printer drivers should not be confused with print spoolers, that queue print jobs and send them successively to a printer.", "Printer driver __knowledge__ Unix and other Unix-like systems such as Linux and OS X use CUPS (short for Common Unix Printing System), a modular printing system for Unix-like computer operating systems, which allows a computer to act as a print server.", "Worldbuilding __knowledge__ Worldbuilding is the process of constructing an imaginary world, sometimes associated with a whole fictional universe.", "Worldbuilding __knowledge__ The resulting world may be called a constructed world.", "Worldbuilding __knowledge__ Developing an imaginary setting with coherent qualities such as a history, geography, and ecology is a key task for many science fiction or fantasy writers.", "Worldbuilding __knowledge__ Worldbuilding often involves the creation of maps, a backstory, and people for the world.", "Worldbuilding __knowledge__ Constructed worlds can enrich the backstory and history of fictional works, and it is not uncommon for authors to revise their constructed worlds while completing its associated work.", "Fiction theory __knowledge__ Fiction Theory is a discipline that applies possible world theory to literature.", "Fiction theory __knowledge__ Fiction theory scholars and critics have articulated various theses rooted in Saul Kripke’s application of modal logic to semantics.", "Fiction theory __knowledge__ Drawing on concepts found in possible world theory, theorists of fiction study the relationships between textual worlds and the world outside the text.", "Fiction theory __knowledge__ The overarching idea in fiction theory is that the relationships between the imaginary worlds of fiction and the actual world in which we live are complicated, and that one ought not dismiss fiction as simply stories that are not “true.” Theorists of fiction pose challenging questions about, and offer constructive ways of exploring, the often complex relations between the worlds of fiction and the “real” world in which we live.", "WordPerfect __knowledge__ WordPerfect (WP) is a word processing application owned by Corel with a long history on multiple personal computer platforms.", "WordPerfect __knowledge__ The program was originally developed under contract at Brigham Young University for use on a Data General minicomputer in 1979.", "WordPerfect __knowledge__ The authors retained the rights to the program, forming Satellite Software International (SSI) to sell it under the name WordPerfect in 1980.", "WordPerfect __knowledge__ A port to MS-DOS followed in 1982 and several greatly updated versions quickly followed.", "WordPerfect __knowledge__ The application's feature list was considerably more advanced than its main competition, WordStar, an established program that originated on CP/M.", "Lazarus Long __knowledge__ Lazarus Long is a fictional character featured in a number of science fiction novels by Robert A. Heinlein.", "Lazarus Long __knowledge__ Born in 1912 in the third generation of a selective breeding experiment run by the Ira Howard Foundation, Lazarus (birth name Woodrow Wilson Smith) becomes unusually long-lived, living well over two thousand years with the aid of occasional rejuvenation treatments.", "Lazarus Long __knowledge__ Heinlein \"patterned\" Long on science fiction writer Edward E. Smith, mixed with Jack Williamson's fictional Giles Habibula.", "Lazarus Long __knowledge__ His exact (natural) life span is never revealed.", "Lazarus Long __knowledge__ In his introduction at the beginning of \"Methuselah's Children\", he claims he is 213 years old.", "Possible world __knowledge__ In philosophy and logic, the concept of a possible world is used to express modal claims.", "Possible world __knowledge__ The concept of possible worlds is common in contemporary philosophical discourse but has been disputed.", "Possible world __knowledge__ Those theorists who use the concept of possible worlds consider the \"actual\" world to be one of the many possible worlds.", "Possible world __knowledge__ For each distinct way the world could have been, there is said to be a distinct possible world; the actual world is the one we in fact live in.", "Possible world __knowledge__ Among such theorists there is disagreement about the nature of possible worlds; their precise ontological status is disputed, and especially the difference, if any, in ontological status between the actual world and all the other possible worlds." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a complex \"cognitive process\" of decoding symbols in order to construct or derive meaning (reading comprehension).", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a means of language acquisition, communication, and of sharing information and ideas.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Like all languages, it is a complex interaction between the text and the reader which is shaped by the reader’s prior knowledge, experiences, attitude, and language community which is culturally and socially situated.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ The reading process requires continuous practice, development, and refinement.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ In addition, reading requires creativity and critical analysis.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Consumers of literature make ventures with each piece, innately deviating from literal words to create images that make sense to them in the unfamiliar places the texts describe.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Because reading is such a complex process, it cannot be controlled or restricted to one or two interpretations.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ There are no concrete laws in reading, but rather allows readers an escape to produce their own products introspectively.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ This promotes deep exploration of texts during interpretation.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Readers use a variety of reading strategies to assist with decoding (to translate symbols into sounds or visual representations of speech) and comprehension.", "Eye movement in music reading __knowledge__ Eye movement in music reading is the scanning of a musical score by a musician's eyes.", "Eye movement in music reading __knowledge__ This usually occurs as the music is read during performance, although musicians sometimes scan music silently to study it.", "Eye movement in music reading __knowledge__ The phenomenon has been studied by researchers from a range of backgrounds, including cognitive psychology and music education.", "Eye movement in music reading __knowledge__ These studies have typically reflected a curiosity among performing musicians about a central process in their craft, and a hope that investigating eye movement might help in the development of more effective methods of training musicians' sight reading skills.", "Eye movement in music reading __knowledge__ A central aspect of music reading is the sequence of alternating saccades and fixations, as it is for most oculomotor tasks.", "Learning to read __knowledge__ Learning to read is the acquisition and practice of the skills necessary to understand the meaning behind printed words.", "Learning to read __knowledge__ For a fairly good reader, the skill of reading often feels simple, effortless, and automatic; however, the process of learning to read is complex and builds on cognitive, linguistic, and social skills developed from a very early age.", "Learning to read __knowledge__ Usually, in order to understand a text, it is necessary to understand the spoken language associated with that text.", "Learning to read __knowledge__ In this way, writing systems are distinguished form many other symbolic communication systems.", "Learning to read __knowledge__ Once established, writing systems on the whole change more slowly than their spoken counterparts, and often preserve features and expressions which are no longer current in the spoken language.", "Yom Tov Torah readings __knowledge__ On Yom Tov (except on Simchat Torah), entire parshiot of the Torah are not read in the synagogue.", "Yom Tov Torah readings __knowledge__ Rather, select portions of a parsha, generally pertaining to the holiday, are read.", "Yom Tov Torah readings __knowledge__ These readings are usually shorter than a full parsha.", "Yom Tov Torah readings __knowledge__ When a Yom Tov other than Yom Kippur falls on a day other than Shabbat, the reading is divided into five sections (not including the Maftir).", "Yom Tov Torah readings __knowledge__ On Yom Kippur, six readings take place.", "Yom Tov Torah readings __knowledge__ On all these days, the Maftir is read from a different portion of the Torah.", "Yom Tov Torah readings __knowledge__ Two Torah scrolls are taken out of the ark.", "Yom Tov Torah readings __knowledge__ This is because it is difficult and time-consuming to roll the scroll to the point where the Maftir is located.", "Central Dauphin School District __knowledge__ The Central Dauphin School District is a large, suburban, public school district located in suburban Harrisburg, Pennsylvania serving students in central and eastern Dauphin County.", "Central Dauphin School District __knowledge__ It is the largest school district in the county, the largest in the greater Harrisburg metropolitan area and is the 14th largest school district in Pennsylvania.", "Central Dauphin School District __knowledge__ The district serves the Boroughs of: Dauphin, Paxtang and Penbrook as well as Lower Paxton Township, Middle Paxton Township, Swatara Township and West Hanover Township.", "Central Dauphin School District __knowledge__ It was created in 1954, combining four smaller districts.", "Central Dauphin School District __knowledge__ The Central Dauphin School District encompasses approximately .", "Milton Area School District __knowledge__ The Milton Area School District is a small, rural public school district headquartered in Milton, Pennsylvania.", "Milton Area School District __knowledge__ The district is located in Northumberland and Union counties.", "Milton Area School District __knowledge__ Milton Area School District encompasses approximately .", "Milton Area School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, it served a resident population of 15,510.", "Milton Area School District __knowledge__ By 2010, the Milton Area School District's population increased to 16,561 people.", "Milton Area School District __knowledge__ The educational attainment levels for the School District population (25 years old and over) were 85.5% high school graduates and 13% college graduates.", "Milton Area School District __knowledge__ The district is one of the 500 public school districts of Pennsylvania.", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ Shikellamy School District is a midsized, suburban/rural, public school district in Northumberland County, Pennsylvania.", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ It serves Northumberland Borough, Point Township, Rockefeller Township, Snydertown Borough, the City of Sunbury, and Upper Augusta Township.", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ The administrative offices are located at Administration Center, 200 Island Blvd, Sunbury, Pennsylvania.", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ Shikellamy School District encompasses approximately .", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, Per the US Census Bureau, by 2010, the district's population declined to 22,554 people.", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ The educational attainment levels for the Shikellamy School District population 25 and over were 83.6% high school graduates and 15.3% college graduates.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ Reading education is the process by which individuals are taught to derive meaning from text.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ Government-funded research on reading and reading instruction in the United States began in the 1960s.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ In the 1970s and 1980s, researchers began publishing findings based on converging evidence from multiple studies.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ However, these findings have been slow to move into typical classroom practice.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ Proficient reading is equally dependent on two critical skills: the ability to understand the language in which the text is written, and the ability to recognize and process printed text.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ Each of these competencies is likewise dependent on lower level skills and cognitive abilities.", "Reading for special needs __knowledge__ Reading for special needs has become an area of interest as the understanding of reading has improved.", "Reading for special needs __knowledge__ Teaching children with special needs how to read was not historically pursued due to perspectives of a Reading Readiness model.", "Reading for special needs __knowledge__ This model assumes that a reader must learn to read in a hierarchical manner such that one skill must be mastered before learning the next skill (e.g., a child might be expected to learn the names of the letters in the alphabet in the correct order before being taught how to read his or her name).", "Reading for special needs __knowledge__ This approach often led to teaching sub-skills of reading in a decontextualized manner.", "Encoding/decoding model of communication __knowledge__ The Encoding/decoding model of communication was first developed by cultural studies scholar Stuart Hall in 1973.", "Encoding/decoding model of communication __knowledge__ Titled 'Encoding and Decoding in the Television Discourse', Hall's essay offers a theoretical approach of how media messages are produced, disseminated, and interpreted.", "Encoding/decoding model of communication __knowledge__ As an important member of the Birmingham School of Cultural Studies, Hall had a major influence on media studies.", "Encoding/decoding model of communication __knowledge__ His model claims that television and other media audiences are presented with messages that are decoded, or interpreted in different ways depending on an individual's cultural background, economic standing, and personal experiences.", "Neurophilosophy __knowledge__ Neurophilosophy or philosophy of neuroscience is the interdisciplinary study of neuroscience and philosophy that explores the relevance of neuroscientific studies to the arguments traditionally categorized as philosophy of mind.", "Neurophilosophy __knowledge__ The philosophy of neuroscience attempts to clarify neuroscientific methods and results using the conceptual rigor and methods of philosophy of science.", "Neurophilosophy __knowledge__ Below is a list of specific issues important to Philosophy of neuroscience: Many of the methods and techniques central to neuroscientific discovery rely on assumptions that can limit the interpretation of the data.", "Neurophilosophy __knowledge__ Philosophers of Neuroscience have discussed such assumptions in the use of functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Dissociation in Cognitive Neuropsychology, single unit recording, and computational neuroscience.", "Child development __knowledge__ Child development entails the biological, psychological and emotional changes that occur in human beings between birth and the end of adolescence, as the individual progresses from dependency to increasing autonomy.", "Child development __knowledge__ It is a continuous process with a predictable sequence, yet having a unique course for every child.", "Child development __knowledge__ It does not progress at the same rate and each stage is affected by the preceding developmental experiences.", "Child development __knowledge__ Because these developmental changes may be strongly influenced by genetic factors and events during prenatal life, genetics and prenatal development are usually included as part of the study of child development." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a complex \"cognitive process\" of decoding symbols in order to construct or derive meaning (reading comprehension).", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a means of language acquisition, communication, and of sharing information and ideas.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Like all languages, it is a complex interaction between the text and the reader which is shaped by the reader’s prior knowledge, experiences, attitude, and language community which is culturally and socially situated.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ The reading process requires continuous practice, development, and refinement.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ In addition, reading requires creativity and critical analysis.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Consumers of literature make ventures with each piece, innately deviating from literal words to create images that make sense to them in the unfamiliar places the texts describe.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Because reading is such a complex process, it cannot be controlled or restricted to one or two interpretations.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ There are no concrete laws in reading, but rather allows readers an escape to produce their own products introspectively.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ This promotes deep exploration of texts during interpretation.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Readers use a variety of reading strategies to assist with decoding (to translate symbols into sounds or visual representations of speech) and comprehension.", "Fort Berens Winery __knowledge__ Fort Berens Winery, aka Fort Berens Estate Winery, is a winery and vineyard based in Lillooet, British Columbia, Canada.", "Fort Berens Winery __knowledge__ Located in East Lillooet, near the site of the never-built Hudson's Bay Company's Fort Berens, it is the first successful attempt at a commercial winery in the area in the 20th Century and has won numerous awards for its wines.", "Fort Berens Winery __knowledge__ It is the only commercial winery so far in the newly designated Lillooet wine region, though there are established local vinyards which are non-commercial and a history of wine cultivation at nearby Fountain.", "Fort Berens Winery __knowledge__ It was founded by Rolf de Bruin, who immigrated to Canada with his family in 2008 from the Netherlands with his wife Heleen Pannekoek and their family.", "Flyy Girl __knowledge__ Flyy Girl is young adult/new adult literature and an urban fiction book written by Omar Tyree.", "Flyy Girl __knowledge__ The book was originally published by Mars Productions in 1993 and republished by Simon & Schuster for adults in 1996.", "Flyy Girl __knowledge__ The novel is regarded to be the genesis of the modern urban-fiction/street-lit movement that would later gain momentum in 1999 with the publication of Sister Souljah's \"The Coldest Winter Ever\".", "Flyy Girl __knowledge__ An African-American coming-of-age story that follows Tracy Ellison from her sixth-birthday party in 1977 to her 17th birthday.", "Flyy Girl __knowledge__ Tracy grows up in the middle-class Philadelphia suburb of Germantown.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Fort Berens __knowledge__ Fort Berens, also spelled Fort Behrens, was a never-completed establishment of the Hudson's Bay Company on the Fraser River, located immediately across the river from today's town of Lillooet, British Columbia, Canada, in that province's central Fraser Canyon region.", "Fort Berens __knowledge__ The post was designated and materials ordered for its construction in 1859, and was intended to serve as a supply outlet for the gold rush population of the area, which was the northern centre of gold-mining activity on the Fraser during the Fraser Canyon Gold Rush (1858–60).", "Fort Berens __knowledge__ Although a plot of land was allocated, and building supplies were brought into the site, the post was never constructed and by 1861 orders from company headquarters decommissioned the post and the supplies were removed due to an absence of economic viability with the collapse of the rush.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ The fictional Marvel Comics superhero Spider-Man, who debuted in 1962, is well known for his unique superhuman abilities as depicted in the comics and other media.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ He receives most of his powers when he is bitten by a radioactive common house spider.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ He uses his technical skill to develop equipment and weapons to complement his powers, and wears a number of costumes, many of which have special properties.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ When Peter Parker was bitten by an irradiated spider, radioactive mutagenic enzymes in the spider's venom quickly caused numerous body-wide changes.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ Immediately after the bite, he was granted his original powers: primarily superhuman strength, reflexes, and balance; the ability to cling tenaciously to most surfaces; and a subconscious ability to sense everything in his surroundings, which he called a \"spider-sense\".", "Urban fiction __knowledge__ Urban fiction, also known as street lit or street fiction is a literary genre set in a city landscape; however, the genre is as much defined by the socio-economic realities and culture of its characters as the urban setting.", "Urban fiction __knowledge__ The tone for urban fiction is usually dark, focusing on the underside of city living.", "Urban fiction __knowledge__ Profanity, sex, and violence are usually explicit, with the writer not shying away from or watering-down the material.", "Urban fiction __knowledge__ Most authors of this genre draw upon their past experiences to depict their storylines.", "Urban fiction __knowledge__ Contemporary urban fiction was (and largely still is) a genre written by African Americans.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ Yeah Yeah Yeahs is an American indie rock band formed in New York City in 2000.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ The group is composed of vocalist and pianist Karen O, guitarist and keyboardist Nick Zinner, and drummer Brian Chase.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ They are complemented in live performances by second guitarist David Pajo, who joined as a touring member in 2009 and replaced Imaad Wasif who had previously held this role.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ According to an interview that aired during the ABC network's \"Live from Central Park SummerStage\" series, the band's name was taken from modern New York City vernacular.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ The band has recorded four studio albums; the first, \"Fever to Tell\", was released in 2003.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ Reading education is the process by which individuals are taught to derive meaning from text.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ Government-funded research on reading and reading instruction in the United States began in the 1960s.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ In the 1970s and 1980s, researchers began publishing findings based on converging evidence from multiple studies.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ However, these findings have been slow to move into typical classroom practice.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ Proficient reading is equally dependent on two critical skills: the ability to understand the language in which the text is written, and the ability to recognize and process printed text.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ Each of these competencies is likewise dependent on lower level skills and cognitive abilities.", "Learning to read __knowledge__ Learning to read is the acquisition and practice of the skills necessary to understand the meaning behind printed words.", "Learning to read __knowledge__ For a fairly good reader, the skill of reading often feels simple, effortless, and automatic; however, the process of learning to read is complex and builds on cognitive, linguistic, and social skills developed from a very early age.", "Learning to read __knowledge__ Usually, in order to understand a text, it is necessary to understand the spoken language associated with that text.", "Learning to read __knowledge__ In this way, writing systems are distinguished form many other symbolic communication systems.", "Learning to read __knowledge__ Once established, writing systems on the whole change more slowly than their spoken counterparts, and often preserve features and expressions which are no longer current in the spoken language.", "Reading comprehension __knowledge__ Reading comprehension is the ability to read text, process it, and understand its meaning.", "Reading comprehension __knowledge__ Although this definition may seem simple, it is not necessarily simple to teach, learn or practice.", "Reading comprehension __knowledge__ An individual's ability to comprehend text is influenced by their traits and skills, one of which is the ability to make inferences.", "Reading comprehension __knowledge__ If word recognition is difficult, students use too much of their processing capacity to read individual words, which interferes with their ability to comprehend what is read.", "Reading comprehension __knowledge__ There are a number of approaches to improve reading comprehension, including improving one's vocabulary and reading strategies.", "Multimodality __knowledge__ In its most basic sense, multimodality is a theory of communication and social semiotics.", "Multimodality __knowledge__ Multimodality describes communication practices in terms of the textual, aural, linguistic, spatial, and visual resources - or modes - used to compose messages.", "Multimodality __knowledge__ Where media are concerned, multimodality is the use of several modes (media) to create a single artifact.", "Multimodality __knowledge__ The collection of these modes, or elements, contributes to how multimodality affects different rhetorical situations, or opportunities for increasing an audience's reception of an idea or concept.", "Multimodality __knowledge__ Everything from the placement of images to the organization of the content creates meaning.", "Whole language __knowledge__ Whole language describes a literacy philosophy which emphasizes that children should focus on meaning and strategy instruction.", "Whole language __knowledge__ It is often contrasted with phonics-based methods of teaching reading and writing which emphasize instruction for decoding and spelling.", "Whole language __knowledge__ However, from whole language practitioners' perspective, this view is erroneous and sets up a false dichotomy.", "Whole language __knowledge__ Whole language practitioners teach to develop a knowledge of language including the graphophonic, syntactic, semantic and pragmatic aspects of language.", "Whole language __knowledge__ Within a whole language perspective, language is treated as a complete meaning-making system, the parts of which function in relational ways.", "Readability __knowledge__ Readability is the ease with which a reader can understand a written text.", "Readability __knowledge__ In natural language, the readability of text depends on its content (the complexity of its vocabulary and syntax) and its presentation (such as typographic aspects like font size, line height, and line length).", "Readability __knowledge__ Researchers have used various factors to measure readability, such as Readability is more than simply legibility—which is a measure of how easily a reader can distinguish individual letters or characters from each other.", "Readability __knowledge__ Higher readability eases reading effort and speed for any reader, but it is especially important for those who do not have high reading comprehension." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a complex \"cognitive process\" of decoding symbols in order to construct or derive meaning (reading comprehension).", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a means of language acquisition, communication, and of sharing information and ideas.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Like all languages, it is a complex interaction between the text and the reader which is shaped by the reader’s prior knowledge, experiences, attitude, and language community which is culturally and socially situated.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ The reading process requires continuous practice, development, and refinement.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ In addition, reading requires creativity and critical analysis.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Consumers of literature make ventures with each piece, innately deviating from literal words to create images that make sense to them in the unfamiliar places the texts describe.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Because reading is such a complex process, it cannot be controlled or restricted to one or two interpretations.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ There are no concrete laws in reading, but rather allows readers an escape to produce their own products introspectively.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ This promotes deep exploration of texts during interpretation.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Readers use a variety of reading strategies to assist with decoding (to translate symbols into sounds or visual representations of speech) and comprehension.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ is a song by American singer Usher.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ He co-wrote the song with Sean Garrett, Patrick J. Que Smith, Robert McDowell, LRoc, Ludacris, Da'Ron, and Lil Jon.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ It also features guest vocals from Lil Jon and Ludacris, with the former also producing the song as well as incorporating crunk and R&B—which he coined as crunk&B—in the song's production.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was released as the lead single from Usher's fourth studio album \"Confessions\" (2004) on January 27, 2004, after Usher was told by Arista Records, his label at the time, to record more tracks for the album.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ topped the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart for 12 consecutive weeks, before being dethroned by Usher's follow-up single \"Burn\".", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ TRL's Number Ones is the collection of music videos that had reached the number-one spot on the daily music video countdown show \"Total Request Live\" which aired on MTV from 1998 to 2008.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ Usually the same video will stay on the number-one spot for a series of weeks but after a certain period it will be retired or honorably discharged from the countdown and be put into the hall of fame.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ The music video is usually determined various ways such as voting online on MTV.com, the \"Billboard\" charts, ratings on the radio and downloads over the internet.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ January 2: \"Lose Yourself\" - Eminem January 3: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 6: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 7: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 8: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 9: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 10: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 13: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 14: \"All I Have\" - Jennifer Lopez featuring LL Cool J January 15: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 16: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 17: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 22: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 23: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 24: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 28: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 29: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 30: \"Bump, Bump, Bump\" - B2K featuring P. Diddy January 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 3: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 4: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 7: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 10: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 11: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 12: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 14: Valentine's Day Special #1 Video: \"Why I Love You\" - B2K February 17: TRL Awards #1 Video: \"Larger Than Life\" - Backstreet Boys February 18: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 19: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 20: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 21: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 24: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 25: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 26: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake February 27: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 28: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 3: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 4: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 7: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 10: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 11: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 12: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 14: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 17: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 18: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 19: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 20: Coverage on the war in Iraq March 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 24: \"The Hell Song\" - Sum 41 March 25: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 26: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 1: \"Girlfriend\" - B2K April 2: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 3: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 4: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 7: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 8: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 9: \"Addicted\" - Simple Plan April 10: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 11: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 15: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 16: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 17: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 18: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 22: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 23: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 24: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 25: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 28: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 29: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 30: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 1: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 2: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 5: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 6: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 7: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 8: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 9: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 12: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 13: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 15: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 16: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 19: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 20: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 22: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 26: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 27: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 28: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 29: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 30: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 2: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 3: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 4: \"Rock Wit U\" - Ashanti June 5: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 9: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 10: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 11: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 12: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 16: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 17: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 18: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 19: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 23: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 24: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 25: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 26: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 30: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 1: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 2: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 3: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 7: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 8: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 9: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 10: Dynamic Duos #1 Video: \"Girlfriend ( Remix )\"- 'N Sync featuring Nelly July 11: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 14: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 15: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 16: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 17: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 18: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 21: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 22: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 23: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 24: Funniest Video #1 Video: \"Without Me\" - Eminem July 25: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 28: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 29: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 30: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 31: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 1: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 4: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 5: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 6: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 7: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 8: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 11: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 12: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 13: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 14: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 15: August 18: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 19: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 20: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 21: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 26: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 27: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy August 28: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 29: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 2: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 3: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 4: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 5: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 8: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 9: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 10: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 11: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 12: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 15: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 17: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 18: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 19: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 23: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 24: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 25: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 26: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 29: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 30: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 1: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 2: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 3: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell October 6: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 7: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul October 8: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 9: \"Perfect\" - Simple Plan October 10: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 14: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 15: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 17: \"Trouble\" - P!nk October 18: \"Trouble\" - Pink October 21: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 23: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 27: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 28: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 29: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 30: \"Will You\" - P. O. D. October 31: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 3: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 4: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 5: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 6: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 7: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 11: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 12: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 13: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 14: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 17: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 18: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 19: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 20: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 24: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 25: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 1: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 2: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 3: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 4: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 5: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 8: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 11: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 16: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 17: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 18: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 19: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 22: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 23: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 29: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit December 30: Song Of The Year: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 5: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 6: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 7: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 8: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 13: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 14: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 16: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 19: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 21: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 22: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 26: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 27: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 28: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 29: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 30: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring Jason Weaver February 2: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 9: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 10: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 11: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 12: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 13: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte February 16: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 17: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 18: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 19: \"Sorry 2004\" - Ruben Studdard February 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 23: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 24: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 25: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon February 27: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 2: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 3: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 4: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 5: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 8: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears March 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 10: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 11: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 15: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 16: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 17: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 18: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 22: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 23: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 24: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 25: \"My Band\" - D12 March 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 29: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 30: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 31: \"My Band\" - D12 April 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 5: \"Naughty Girl\" - Beyoncé April 6: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 7: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 8: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 13: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 14: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 15: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 16: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 19: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 20: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 21: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 22: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 23: \"My Band\" - D12 April 26: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 27: \"My Band\" - D12 April 28: \"My Band\" - D12 April 29: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears May 3: \"My Band\" - D12 May 4: \"My Band\" - D12 May 5: \"My Band\" - D12 May 6: \"My Band\" - D12 May 7: \"My Band\" - D12 May 10: \"My Band\" - D12 May 11: \"My Band\" - D12 May 17: \"My Band\" - D12 May 18: \"Burn\" - Usher May 19: \"Burn\" - Usher May 20: \"Burn\" - Usher May 21: \"Burn\" - Usher May 24: \"My Band\" - D12 May 25: \"Burn\" - Usher May 26: \"Burn\" - Usher May 27: \"My Band\" - D12 May 28: \"My Band\" - D12 May 31: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 1: \"Burn\" - Usher June 2: \"Burn\" - Usher June 3: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 4: \"My Band\" - D12 June 7: \"My Band\" - D12 June 8: \"Burn\" - Usher June 9: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 10: Cross Country Countdown #1 Video: \"Forgot About Dre\" - Dr. Dre featuring Eminem June 11: \"Burn\" - Usher June 14: \"Burn\" - Usher June 15: \"How Come\" - D12 June 16: \"How Come\" - D12 June 17: \"How Come\" - D12 June 18: \"How Come\" - D12 June 21: \"How Come\" - D12 June 22: \"How Come\" - D12 June 23: \"Leave (Get Out)\" - JoJo June 24: \"How Come\" - D12 June 25: \"How Come\" - D12 June 28: \"Leave ( Get Out )\" - JoJo June 29: \"How Come\" - D12 June 30: \"Confessions Pt.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Confessions is the fourth studio album by American singer Usher.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ It was released on March 23, 2004, by Arista Records.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Recording sessions for the album took place during 2003 to 2004, with its production handled by his longtime collaborator Jermaine Dupri, along with Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis and Lil Jon, among others.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Primarily an R&B album, \"Confessions\" showcases Usher as a crooner through a mixture of ballads and up-tempos, incorporating musical genres of dance-pop, hip hop and crunk.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ The album's themes generated controversy about Usher's personal relationships; however, the album's primary producer Jermaine Dupri claimed the album reflects Dupri's own personal story.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters for the British television and radio sketch show \"Little Britain\" (and its American spin-off, \"Little Britain USA\").", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played By: David Walliams Appearances: Season 3 Alan works for the Donkey Hospice in the town of Achingballs.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ After contributors give him some money, he blatantly places stickers on embarrassing body parts, such as the genital region or breasts and on someone's rear in a deleted scene.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ He makes one appearance in Series 3.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played by: David Walliams Episodes: Radio Show; Season 1, episodes 4 and 5 Catchphrase: \"I love you Anne\" and \"I need you Anne\" Peter Andre is a royal BBC correspondent who gets sacked after first making surreal and false claims about the Royal Family (such as Prince Charles having magical powers, describing The Queen as \"The Main One\" and mistaking Princess Eugenie for her mother, Sarah, Duchess of York) and then expressing his love for Princess Anne through song.", "Second-language acquisition __knowledge__ Second-language acquisition (SLA), second-language learning, or L2 (language 2) acquisition, is the process by which people learn a second language.", "Second-language acquisition __knowledge__ Second-language acquisition is also the scientific discipline devoted to studying that process.", "Second-language acquisition __knowledge__ The field of second-language acquisition is a subdiscipline of applied linguistics, but also receives research attention from a variety of other disciplines, such as psychology and education.", "Second-language acquisition __knowledge__ A central theme in SLA research is that of \"interlanguage\", the idea that the language that learners use is not simply the result of differences between the languages that they already know and the language that they are learning, but that it is a complete language system in its own right, with its own systematic rules.", "Linguistic development of Genie __knowledge__ When the circumstances of Genie, the primary victim in one of the most severe cases of abuse, neglect and social isolation on record in medical literature, first became known in early November 1970, authorities arranged for her admission to Children's Hospital Los Angeles, where doctors determined that at the age of 13 years and 7 months she had not acquired a first language.", "Linguistic development of Genie __knowledge__ Hospital staff then began teaching Genie to speak General American English, and she gradually began to learn and use language.", "Linguistic development of Genie __knowledge__ Their efforts soon caught the attention of linguists, who saw her as an important way to gain further insight into acquisition of language skills and linguistic development.", "Language acquisition __knowledge__ Language acquisition is the process by which humans acquire the capacity to perceive and comprehend language, as well as to produce and use words and sentences to communicate.", "Language acquisition __knowledge__ Language acquisition is one of the quintessential human traits, because non-humans do not communicate by using language.", "Language acquisition __knowledge__ Language acquisition usually refers to first-language acquisition, which studies infants' acquisition of their native language.", "Language acquisition __knowledge__ This is distinguished from \"second-language acquisition\", which deals with the acquisition (in both children and adults) of additional languages.", "Language acquisition __knowledge__ Linguists who are interested in child language acquisition for many years question how language is acquired, lidz et al.", "Critical period hypothesis __knowledge__ The critical period hypothesis is the subject of a long-standing debate in linguistics and language acquisition over the extent to which the ability to acquire language is biologically linked to age.", "Critical period hypothesis __knowledge__ The hypothesis claims that there is an ideal time window to acquire language in a linguistically rich environment, after which further language acquisition becomes much more difficult and effortful.", "Critical period hypothesis __knowledge__ The critical period hypothesis states that the first few years of life is the crucial time in which an individual can acquire a first language if presented with adequate stimuli.", "Critical period hypothesis __knowledge__ If language input does not occur until after this time, the individual will never achieve a full command of language—especially grammatical systems.", "Language __knowledge__ Language is a system that consists of the development, acquisition, maintenance and use of complex systems of communication, particularly the human ability to do so; and a language is any specific example of such a system.", "Language __knowledge__ The scientific study of language is called linguistics.", "Language __knowledge__ Questions concerning the philosophy of language, such as whether words can represent experience, have been debated at least since Gorgias and Plato in ancient Greece.", "Language __knowledge__ Thinkers such as Rousseau have argued that language originated from emotions while others like Kant have held that it originated from rational and logical thought.", "Language development __knowledge__ Language development is a process starting early in human life.", "Language development __knowledge__ Infants start without knowing a language, yet by 10 months, babies can distinguish speech sounds and engage in babbling.", "Language development __knowledge__ Some research has shown that the earliest learning begins in utero when the fetus starts to recognize the sounds and speech patterns of its mother's voice and differentiate them from other sounds after birth.", "Language development __knowledge__ Usually, productive language is considered to begin with a stage of preverbal communication in which infants use gestures and vocalizations to make their intents known to others.", "Language development __knowledge__ According to a general principle of development, new forms then take over old functions, so that children learn words to express the same communicative functions they had already expressed by proverbial means.", "Statistical language acquisition __knowledge__ Statistical language acquisition, is a branch of developmental psycholinguistics, that studies the process by which humans develop the ability to perceive, produce, comprehend, and communicate with natural language in all of its aspects (phonological, syntactic, lexical, morphological, semantic) through the use of general learning mechanisms operating on statistical patterns in the linguistic input.", "Statistical language acquisition __knowledge__ Statistical learning acquisition claims that infants language learning is based on pattern perception rather than an innate biological grammar.", "Statistical language acquisition __knowledge__ Several statistical elements such as frequency of words, frequent frames, phonotactic patterns and other regularities provide information on language structure and meaning for facilitation of language acquisition." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 2, 5 ]

[ "Reading is great! I read in school it is a complex \"cognitive process\" of decoding symbols in order to construct or derive meaning", "What is cool is Like all languages, it is a complex interaction between the text and the reader which is shaped by the reader’s prior knowledge, ", "Reading is a means of language acquisition, communication but we can also use it to share ideaz.", "It requires creativity and critical analysis. So it is a skill that is improved over the years." ]

[ "Reading (process)", "Reading (process)", "Reading (process)", "Reading (process)" ]

[ "Ravioli\nI love ravioli They are so good!", "Wow I have never tried that but it sounds good!", "Italy is on my bucket list. What else can you tell me of these raviolis? ", "Intersting! thanks for the info!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ravioli __knowledge__ Ravioli (plural form; singular: \"raviolo\") are a type of dumpling composed of a filling sealed between two layers of thin pasta dough.", "Ravioli __knowledge__ Usually served either in broth or with a pasta sauce, they originated as a traditional food in Italian cuisine.", "Ravioli __knowledge__ Ravioli are typically square, though other forms are also used, including circular or semi-circular (mezzelune).", "Ravioli __knowledge__ The earliest known mention of ravioli appears in the personal letters of Francesco di Marco Datini, a merchant of Prato in the 14th century.", "Ravioli __knowledge__ In Venice, the mid-14th-century manuscript \"Libro per cuoco\" offers ravioli of green herbs blanched and minced, mixed with beaten egg and fresh cheese, simmered in broth and seasoned with \"sweet and strong spices\".", "Ravioli __knowledge__ In Rome, ravioli were already well-known when Bartolomeo Scappi served them with boiled chicken to the papal conclave of 1549.", "Ravioli __knowledge__ Ravioli were already known in 14th century England, appearing in the Anglo-Norman vellum manuscript Forme of Cury under the name of \"rauioles\".", "Ravioli __knowledge__ Sicilian ravioli and Malta's \"ravjul\" may thus be older than North Italian ones.", "Ravioli __knowledge__ Maltese \"ravjul\" are stuffed with \"irkotta\", the locally produced sheep's-milk ricotta, or with \"gbejna\", the traditional fresh sheep's-milk cheese.", "Toasted ravioli __knowledge__ Toasted ravioli, or breaded deep-fried ravioli, is an appetizer created and popularized in St. Louis, Missouri.", "Toasted ravioli __knowledge__ Toasted ravioli can be found on the menus of many St. Louis restaurants including those of The Hill, a predominantly Italian neighborhood.", "Toasted ravioli __knowledge__ Toasted ravioli may have originated in Sicily, where fried ravioli containing a sweet filling is a traditional Christmas time dish \"commonly referred to as meat pillows.\"", "Toasted ravioli __knowledge__ However, most accounts of the first toasted ravioli can be traced to the Italian neighborhood, known as \"The Hill\", of St. Louis, Missouri, in the United States.", "Toasted ravioli __knowledge__ Many claims have been made as to the original creation of toasted ravioli in the United States.", "Monroe Nash __knowledge__ Monroe Nash (September 17, 1912 – July 26, 1997) was an American businessman in the kosher food industry.", "Monroe Nash __knowledge__ He and co-inventor Erich G. Freudenstein are credited with US Patent #3,108,882, \"Method for Preparing an Edible Fish Product\" for the jelly made from fish broth in which commercial gefilte fish varieties are packed.", "Monroe Nash __knowledge__ The patent was granted on October 29, 1963.", "Schwa (restaurant) __knowledge__ Schwa is an acclaimed, upscale restaurant run by chef-owner Michael Carlson in Chicago, United States.", "Schwa (restaurant) __knowledge__ It is located in the West Town community area and is considered a leader in the molecular gastronomy style of cooking.", "Schwa (restaurant) __knowledge__ Schwa is known for its unconventional approach to business.", "Schwa (restaurant) __knowledge__ Simple table settings match the building's drab exterior and its tiny 26-seat interior.", "Schwa (restaurant) __knowledge__ The restaurant employs no support staff of any kind.", "Schwa (restaurant) __knowledge__ Chefs interact directly with customers and are encouraged to act as silly as they wish, as long as they produce top quality food.", "Schwa (restaurant) __knowledge__ Opening in 2005, Schwa quickly drew local and national attention resulting in a large backlog of reservations.", "Ravioli (TV series) __knowledge__ Ravioli is a German children's television series.", "Ravioli (TV series) __knowledge__ It aired in 1984 on ZDF, co-produced with UFA and Imagion AG.", "Ravioli (TV series) __knowledge__ Thirteen 25 minute episodes were produced, directed by Franz Josef Gottlieb.", "Ravioli (TV series) __knowledge__ The music for the series was composed by Birger Heymann.", "Ravioli (TV series) __knowledge__ One day, Jarl-Kulle Düwel wins a holiday for two on the Baltic Sea in a competition.", "Ravioli (TV series) __knowledge__ After some thought Jarl-Kulle decides to give this prize to his parents so that they can take a break from the stress of everyday life.", "Ravioli (TV series) __knowledge__ The hotel package includes a health spa with all the extras.", "Ravioli (TV series) __knowledge__ Perfect for Beate and Walter Düwel, who is the music director of the Berlin Opera, to escape the hustle and bustle for once.", "Amy's Baking Company __knowledge__ \"Amy's Baking Company\" is the sixteenth episode of the sixth season of \"Kitchen Nightmares\", and the 82nd episode of the series overall.", "Amy's Baking Company __knowledge__ The episode first aired on May 10, 2013 and centered on Gordon Ramsay attempting to help Amy and Samy Bouzaglo, owners of Amy's Baking Company in Scottsdale, Arizona.", "Amy's Baking Company __knowledge__ The episode marked the only time in the series that conflict with the owners prevented Ramsay from completing the restaurant's transformation.", "Amy's Baking Company __knowledge__ The owners' behavior received negative attention in social media, and the manner in which they responded to this critical reception further fueled the controversy, prompting \"Forbes\" to refer to this as an example of how a business should not react to comments posted on social media.", "Dumpling __knowledge__ Dumpling is a broad classification for a dish that consists of small pieces of dough (made from a variety of starch sources) wrapped around a filling.", "Dumpling __knowledge__ The dough can be based on bread, flour, or potatoes, and may be filled with meat, fish, cheese, vegetables, fruits, or sweets.", "Dumpling __knowledge__ Dumplings may be prepared using a variety of methods, including baking, boiling, frying, simmering, or steaming.", "Dumpling __knowledge__ Banku and kenkey fit the definition of a dumpling in that they are starchy balls of dough that are steamed.", "Dumpling __knowledge__ They are formed from fermented cornmeal.", "Dumpling __knowledge__ Banku is boiled and requires continues kneading, while kenkey is partly boiled then finished by steaming in corn or banana leaves." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ravioli __knowledge__ Ravioli (plural form; singular: \"raviolo\") are a type of dumpling composed of a filling sealed between two layers of thin pasta dough.", "Ravioli __knowledge__ Usually served either in broth or with a pasta sauce, they originated as a traditional food in Italian cuisine.", "Ravioli __knowledge__ Ravioli are typically square, though other forms are also used, including circular or semi-circular (mezzelune).", "Ravioli __knowledge__ The earliest known mention of ravioli appears in the personal letters of Francesco di Marco Datini, a merchant of Prato in the 14th century.", "Ravioli __knowledge__ In Venice, the mid-14th-century manuscript \"Libro per cuoco\" offers ravioli of green herbs blanched and minced, mixed with beaten egg and fresh cheese, simmered in broth and seasoned with \"sweet and strong spices\".", "Ravioli __knowledge__ In Rome, ravioli were already well-known when Bartolomeo Scappi served them with boiled chicken to the papal conclave of 1549.", "Ravioli __knowledge__ Ravioli were already known in 14th century England, appearing in the Anglo-Norman vellum manuscript Forme of Cury under the name of \"rauioles\".", "Ravioli __knowledge__ Sicilian ravioli and Malta's \"ravjul\" may thus be older than North Italian ones.", "Ravioli __knowledge__ Maltese \"ravjul\" are stuffed with \"irkotta\", the locally produced sheep's-milk ricotta, or with \"gbejna\", the traditional fresh sheep's-milk cheese.", "Sounds Good Feels Good __knowledge__ Sounds Good Feels Good is the second studio album by Australian rock band 5 Seconds of Summer.", "Sounds Good Feels Good __knowledge__ It was released on 23 October 2015 through the labels Hi or Hey and Capitol Records.", "Sounds Good Feels Good __knowledge__ Recording sessions took place from 2014 to 2015, in the United States.", "Sounds Good Feels Good __knowledge__ Record production of the album was handled by John Feldmann, The Monsters and the Strangerz, David Hodges and Mike Green.", "Sounds Good Feels Good __knowledge__ Recording and writing started after the band became popular worldwide with the release of their debut album, \"5 Seconds of Summer\", and two of its singles in particular, \"She Looks So Perfect\" and \"Amnesia\".", "Sounds Good Feels Good __knowledge__ Following the release of their live album \"LiveSOS\" in 2014, 5 Seconds of Summer took a break for the holidays.", "That Sounds Good to Me __knowledge__ \"That Sounds Good to Me\" is a song written and composed by Pete Waterman, Mike Stock and Steve Crosby that finished last when it represented the United Kingdom at the Eurovision Song Contest 2010 held in Oslo, Norway.", "That Sounds Good to Me __knowledge__ The song and performer was revealed as Josh Dubovie on 12 March 2010 who won \"Eurovision: Your Country Needs You\".", "That Sounds Good to Me __knowledge__ The song was initially written by Pete Waterman and Mike Stock before even the gender of the singer had been chosen.", "That Sounds Good to Me __knowledge__ It was only revealed to the public on 29 January 2010 that Pete Waterman would write the song.", "That Sounds Good to Me __knowledge__ On 19 February the BBC confirmed that Mike Stock would join his Stock Aitken Waterman partner in co-writing the song.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Manatsu no Sounds Good! __knowledge__ In its first week, the CD single sold 1,616,795 copies according to Oricon and became AKB48's bestselling single.", "Manatsu no Sounds Good! __knowledge__ In August 2012, it was certified \"2 Million\" by RIAJ.", "Manatsu no Sounds Good! __knowledge__ On December 30, 2012, the song won the Grand Prix at the 54th Japan Record Awards, making this their second consecutive win for the group.", "Manatsu no Sounds Good! __knowledge__ The single is Atsuko Maeda's final recording with the group.", "Manatsu no Sounds Good! __knowledge__ \"Manatsu no Sounds Good\" comprises various editions released on May 23, 2012.", "Manatsu no Sounds Good! __knowledge__ The first presses of the single came with a ticket to vote in the AKB48 27th Single Senbatsu Election (to choose the members to be featured in the next AKB48's single, to be released in the summer.)", "United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest 2010 __knowledge__ The United Kingdom participated at the Eurovision Song Contest 2010, held in Oslo, Norway in May.", "United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest 2010 __knowledge__ The BBC announced on 29 January after months of speculation that British record producer and songwriter Pete Waterman would write the UK entry for the 2010 Contest.", "United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest 2010 __knowledge__ The song, \"That Sounds Good to Me\", was performed on 12 March 2010 on \"\", where Josh Dubovie was selected to represent the UK at Eurovision over five other finalists.", "United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest 2010 __knowledge__ The song came in last place.", "United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest 2010 __knowledge__ The song was 12th in the line-up for the Grand Final.", "United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest 2010 __knowledge__ After the United Kingdom's 5th-place finish in the 2009 Contest, thanks to Andrew Lloyd Webber and Jade Ewen, there was wide speculation on how the BBC would select the 2010 entry.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Egg as food __knowledge__ Eggs are laid by female animals of many different species, including birds, reptiles, amphibians, mammals, and fish, and have been eaten by humans for thousands of years.", "Egg as food __knowledge__ Bird and reptile eggs consist of a protective eggshell, albumen (egg white), and vitellus (egg yolk), contained within various thin membranes.", "Egg as food __knowledge__ The most commonly consumed eggs are chicken eggs.", "Egg as food __knowledge__ Other poultry eggs including those of duck and quail are also eaten.", "Egg as food __knowledge__ Fish eggs are called roe and caviar.", "Egg as food __knowledge__ Egg yolks and whole eggs store significant amounts of protein and choline, and are widely used in cookery.", "Egg as food __knowledge__ Due to their protein content, the United States Department of Agriculture categorizes eggs as \"Meats\" within the Food Guide Pyramid.", "Yolk __knowledge__ Among those animals which produce one, the yolk (also known as the vitellus) is the nutrient-bearing portion of the egg whose primary function is to supply food for the development of the embryo.", "Yolk __knowledge__ Some kinds of egg contain no yolk, for example because they are laid in situations where the food supply is adequate (such as in the body of the host of a parasitoid) or because the embryo develops in the parent's body, which supplies the food, usually through a placenta.", "Yolk __knowledge__ Reproductive systems in which the mother's body supplies the embryo directly are said to be matrotrophic; those in which the embryo is supplied by yolk are said to be lecithotrophic.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Pasta () is a staple food of traditional Italian cuisine, with the first reference dating to 1154 in Sicily.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Also commonly used to refer to the variety of pasta dishes, pasta is typically a noodle made from an unleavened dough of a durum wheat flour mixed with water or eggs and formed into sheets or various shapes, then cooked by boiling or baking.", "Pasta __knowledge__ As an alternative for those wanting a different taste, or who need to avoid products containing gluten, some pastas can be made using rice flour in place of wheat.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Pastas may be divided into two broad categories, dried (\"pasta secca\") and fresh (\"pasta fresca\").", "Theodore Nicolas Gobley __knowledge__ Theodore (Nicolas) Gobley (), who first isolated, and ultimately determined the chemical structure of lecithin, the first identified and characterized member of the phospholipids class, and a pioneer researcher in the study and analysis of the chemical components of brain tissues, was born in Paris on 11 May 1811 and died in Bagneres-de-Luchon (a small city in central Pyrenees famous in the second half of the 19th century for its thermal waters) on 1 September 1876.", "Theodore Nicolas Gobley __knowledge__ Gobley's family originated from the Yonne region, a very rural hilly area of Burgundy, and the small city Fulvy.", "Theodore Nicolas Gobley __knowledge__ His father had settled at the end of the 18th century as a wine broker in Paris, marrying a young lady in a family long established (since at least the beginning of the 17th century) in that trade in the capital city of France (that family, Boutron, was registered in the 17th and 18th centuries as one of the 12 suppliers of wines to the King's Court).", "Tempera __knowledge__ Tempera (), also known as egg tempera, is a permanent, fast-drying painting medium consisting of colored pigments mixed with a water-soluble binder medium (usually glutinous material such as egg yolk or some other size).", "Tempera __knowledge__ Tempera also refers to the paintings done in this medium.", "Tempera __knowledge__ Tempera paintings are very long lasting, and examples from the first century AD still exist.", "Tempera __knowledge__ Egg tempera was a primary method of painting until after 1500 when it was superseded by the invention of oil painting.", "Tempera __knowledge__ A paint consisting of pigment and glue size commonly used in the United States as poster paint is also often referred to as \"tempera paint,\" although the binders and sizes in this paint are different from traditional tempera paint.", "Mayonnaise __knowledge__ Mayonnaise (, , also , and often abbreviated as mayo ) is a thick, creamy dressing often used as a condiment.", "Mayonnaise __knowledge__ It is a stable emulsion of oil, egg yolk, and either vinegar or lemon juice, with many options for embellishment with other herbs and spices.", "Mayonnaise __knowledge__ Proteins and lecithin in the egg yolk serve as emulsifiers in both mayonnaise and hollandaise sauce.", "Mayonnaise __knowledge__ Commercial egg-free alternatives are available for vegans and others who want to avoid animal products and cholesterol, or who are allergic to eggs.", "Mayonnaise __knowledge__ Mayonnaise varies in color, but is often white, cream, or pale yellow.", "Mayonnaise __knowledge__ It may range in texture from that of light cream to a thick gel.", "Bilaminar blastocyst __knowledge__ Bilaminar blastocyst or Bilaminar disc refers to the epiblast and the hypoblast, evolved from the embryoblast.", "Bilaminar blastocyst __knowledge__ These two layers are sandwiched between two balloons: the primitive yolk sac and the amniotic cavity.", "Bilaminar blastocyst __knowledge__ The inner cell mass, the embryoblast, begins to transform into two distinct epithelial layers just before implantation occurs.", "Bilaminar blastocyst __knowledge__ The epiblast is the outer layer that consists of columnar cells.The inner layer is called the hypoblast, or primitive endoderm, which is composed of cuboidal cells.", "Bilaminar blastocyst __knowledge__ As the two layers become evident, a basement membrane presents itself between the layers.", "Bilaminar blastocyst __knowledge__ The final two layers of the embryoblast are known collectively as the bilaminar embryonic disc as well as the bilaminar blastocyst or bilaminar blastoderm." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ravioli __knowledge__ Ravioli (plural form; singular: \"raviolo\") are a type of dumpling composed of a filling sealed between two layers of thin pasta dough.", "Ravioli __knowledge__ Usually served either in broth or with a pasta sauce, they originated as a traditional food in Italian cuisine.", "Ravioli __knowledge__ Ravioli are typically square, though other forms are also used, including circular or semi-circular (mezzelune).", "Ravioli __knowledge__ The earliest known mention of ravioli appears in the personal letters of Francesco di Marco Datini, a merchant of Prato in the 14th century.", "Ravioli __knowledge__ In Venice, the mid-14th-century manuscript \"Libro per cuoco\" offers ravioli of green herbs blanched and minced, mixed with beaten egg and fresh cheese, simmered in broth and seasoned with \"sweet and strong spices\".", "Ravioli __knowledge__ In Rome, ravioli were already well-known when Bartolomeo Scappi served them with boiled chicken to the papal conclave of 1549.", "Ravioli __knowledge__ Ravioli were already known in 14th century England, appearing in the Anglo-Norman vellum manuscript Forme of Cury under the name of \"rauioles\".", "Ravioli __knowledge__ Sicilian ravioli and Malta's \"ravjul\" may thus be older than North Italian ones.", "Ravioli __knowledge__ Maltese \"ravjul\" are stuffed with \"irkotta\", the locally produced sheep's-milk ricotta, or with \"gbejna\", the traditional fresh sheep's-milk cheese.", "The Bucket List __knowledge__ The Bucket List is a 2007 American comedy-drama film directed by Rob Reiner, produced by Reiner, Alan Greisman, Craig Zadan and Neil Meron, written by Justin Zackham, and starring Jack Nicholson and Morgan Freeman.", "The Bucket List __knowledge__ The main plot follows two terminally ill men (portrayed by Nicholson and Freeman) on their road trip with a wish list of things to do before they \"kick the bucket\", from which the movie's title gets its name.", "The Bucket List __knowledge__ The film premiered on December 15, 2007 in Hollywood.", "The Bucket List __knowledge__ It opened in limited release in the United States and Canada on December 25, 2007 and was distributed by Warner Bros.", "The Bucket List __knowledge__ The film opened in wide release in the United States and Canada on January 11, 2008 and was released in the United Kingdom on February 8, 2008, and in Australia on February 21, 2008.", "Billy's Bucket List __knowledge__ \"Billy's Bucket List\" is the final episode of the fifth season of the American animated television series \"Adventure Time\".", "Billy's Bucket List __knowledge__ The episode was written and storyboarded by Ako Castuera and Jesse Moynihan, from a story by Kent Osborne, Pendleton Ward, Jack Pendarvis, and Adam Muto.", "Billy's Bucket List __knowledge__ It originally aired on Cartoon Network on March 17, 2014.", "Billy's Bucket List __knowledge__ The episode guest stars Lou Ferrigno, Andy Samberg, and Mark Hamill; Castuera herself also voiced a character.", "Billy's Bucket List __knowledge__ The series follows the adventures of Finn (voiced by Jeremy Shada), a human boy, and his best friend and adoptive brother Jake (voiced by John DiMaggio), a dog with magical powers to change shape and grow and shrink at will.", "The Texas Bucket List __knowledge__ The Texas Bucket List is a weekly syndicated television program hosted by Shane McAuliffe and produced by McAuliffe Productions, LLC based in College Station, Texas.", "The Texas Bucket List __knowledge__ The show airs on twenty-two Texas media markets and stations in Laughlin, Nevada, Greenville, North Carolina, and Knoxville, Tennessee.", "The Texas Bucket List __knowledge__ \"The Texas Bucket List\" airs two seasons in a year, and each season is 13 episodes long and includes show segments covering historic and unique locations, annual events, and musicians in Texas as well as a \"Burger of the Week\" segment.", "The Texas Bucket List __knowledge__ \"The Texas Bucket List\" posts its show segments on its website as well as its YouTube channel, and completed its sixth season in the spring of 2016.", "Justin Zackham __knowledge__ Justin Zackham is an American and British screenwriter, director and producer.", "Justin Zackham __knowledge__ He wrote the hit films \"The Bucket List\", \"One Chance\", and the FX series \"Lights Out\", and \"The Big Wedding\", which he also directed.", "Justin Zackham __knowledge__ Zackham graduated from NYU Film School.", "Justin Zackham __knowledge__ After moving to Los Angeles in the 1990s, Zackham wrote himself a \"List of Things to Do Before I Kick the Bucket\", which he shortened to \"Justin's Bucket List\".", "Justin Zackham __knowledge__ The first item on the list was to get a movie made at a major Hollywood studio.", "Justin Zackham __knowledge__ Several years later, that list became the idea for a screenplay which he wrote on spec before submitting to producers, nearly all of whom turned him down.", "Adventure Time (season 5) __knowledge__ The fifth season of \"Adventure Time\", an American animated television series created by Pendleton Ward, premiered on Cartoon Network on November 12, 2012 and concluded on March 17, 2014.", "Adventure Time (season 5) __knowledge__ The season was produced by Cartoon Network Studios and Frederator Studios.", "Adventure Time (season 5) __knowledge__ The season follows the adventures of Finn, a human boy, and his best friend and adoptive brother Jake, a dog with magical powers to change shape and size at will.", "Adventure Time (season 5) __knowledge__ Finn and Jake live in the post-apocalyptic Land of Ooo, where they interact with the other main characters of the show: Princess Bubblegum, The Ice King, Marceline the Vampire Queen, Lumpy Space Princess, BMO, and Flame Princess.", "Kick the bucket __knowledge__ To kick the bucket is an English idiom, considered a euphemistic, informal, or slang term meaning 'to die'.", "Kick the bucket __knowledge__ Its origin remains unclear, though there have been several theories.", "Kick the bucket __knowledge__ A common theory is that the idiom refers to hanging, either as a method of execution or suicide.", "Kick the bucket __knowledge__ However, there is no evidence to support this.", "Kick the bucket __knowledge__ Its earliest appearance is in the \"Dictionary of the Vulgar Tongue\" (1785), where it is defined as 'to die'.", "Kick the bucket __knowledge__ In John Badcock's slang dictionary of 1823, the explanation is given that \"One Bolsover having hung himself from a beam while standing on a pail, or bucket, kicked this vessel away in order to pry into futurity and it was all UP with him from that moment: \"Finis\"\".", "Bucket List Project __knowledge__ Bucket List Project is the debut studio album by Chicago rapper Saba.", "Bucket List Project __knowledge__ It was released on October 27, 2016 by Saba Pivot, LLC.", "Bucket List Project __knowledge__ The album was produced mainly by Saba himself and Phoelix, with guest producers ranging from Cam O'bi, Dae Dae, Joseph Chilliams, Ken Ross, Flex Lennon, Squeak, among others.", "Bucket List Project __knowledge__ The album also includes guest appearances from Noname, Twista, Smino, Ravyn Lenae, and Jean Deaux, among others.", "Bucket List Project __knowledge__ All tracks written by Saba.", "Bucket List Project __knowledge__ Track notes \"Bucket List Project\" received very positive reviews from critics.", "Bucket List Project __knowledge__ Pitchfork wrote \"it is superbly written and performed.", "Bucket List Project __knowledge__ Saba is a crafty storyteller who makes full use of his long memory and slithering wordplay.\"", "2011–12 Parma F.C. season __knowledge__ The 2011–12 season was Parma Football Club's 21st season in Serie A and their third consecutive season in that division, having finished 12th the previous season.", "2011–12 Parma F.C. season __knowledge__ An up-and-down start to the 2011–12 season saw Parma in a comfortable 10th position after 11 games.", "2011–12 Parma F.C. season __knowledge__ However, a six-game winless streak culminating in a 5–0 defeat away to Internazionale was enough for Ghirardi to let Colomba go on 9 January 2012, despite Parma sitting in 15th position and seven points clear of relegation, having picked up 19 points from 17 games.", "2011–12 Parma F.C. season __knowledge__ Roberto Donadoni was chosen as his replacement immediately.", "2011–12 Parma F.C. season __knowledge__ Donadoni initially failed to bring about a change in fortunes, but the side won seven matches in a row to set a new club record to finish in eighth position, level on points with Roma.", "Ishaqzaade __knowledge__ Ishaqzaade (also known as \"Born to Hate...Destined to Love\") is a 2012 Indian romantic thriller film written and directed by Habib Faisal, and produced by Aditya Chopra under Yash Raj Films starring debutant Arjun Kapoor, and Parineeti Chopra in their first lead film.", "Ishaqzaade __knowledge__ The official trailer was unveiled on 15 March 2012, whilst the film was released on 11 May 2012.", "Ishaqzaade __knowledge__ It received positive response from critics, and managed to do very well at the box office, turning out to be a worldwide hit.", "Ishaqzaade __knowledge__ The title of the film is modeled on common Hindi slangs ending in \"zaade\" (meaning \"son of\" in Persian influenced languages such as Hindi and Urdu) for example, \"shahzaade\" (meaning \"son of a king\" or \"prince\") with the first part of the name \"Ishaq\" being a vulgar pronunciation of \"Ishq\" (meaning \"passionate romantic love\").", "Gianluigi Buffon __knowledge__ Gianluigi \"Gigi\" Buffon (, ; born 28 January 1978) is an Italian professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for and captains Serie A club Juventus.", "Gianluigi Buffon __knowledge__ He also captained the Italy national team until his international retirement in 2017.", "Gianluigi Buffon __knowledge__ He is widely regarded by players, pundits and managers as one of the greatest goalkeepers of all time, and, by some, as the greatest ever.", "Gianluigi Buffon __knowledge__ Buffon is known for his \"outstanding shot-stopping\" and for being \"a vocal organizer of the defence and a key dressing room personality\".", "Gianluigi Buffon __knowledge__ He is currently the most expensive goalkeeper in history, following his €52 million transfer from Parma to Juventus in 2001, as well as being the most expensive Italian player.", "History of Parma Calcio 1913 __knowledge__ The history of S.S.D.", "History of Parma Calcio 1913 __knowledge__ Parma Calcio 1913 covers nearly 100 years of the football from the club based in Parma, Italy.", "History of Parma Calcio 1913 __knowledge__ Established in 1913 the club would eventually go on to win titles on the national and international stage.", "History of Parma Calcio 1913 __knowledge__ The club is most famous for the period in which it collected all of its eight major titles, between 1992 and 2002.", "History of Parma Calcio 1913 __knowledge__ The club was declared bankrupt in 2015.", "History of Parma Calcio 1913 __knowledge__ A football club was founded in Parma in July 1913 as Verdi Foot Ball Club in honour of famous opera composer Giuseppe Verdi, who was born in the province of Parma, adopting its unique white shirts emblazoned with a black cross on the front.", "David Campese __knowledge__ David Ian Campese, AM (born 21 October 1962), also known as Campo, is a former Australian rugby union player.", "David Campese __knowledge__ Campese was capped by the Wallabies 101 times, and held the world record for the most tries in test matches (64) until Daisuke Ohata scored his 65th try playing for Japan on 14 May 2006.", "David Campese __knowledge__ Campese made his debut for the Wallabies on the 1982 Australia rugby union tour of New Zealand, during which he scored a try in his first two Tests.", "David Campese __knowledge__ In 1983, he equaled the then record for most tries in a Test match for Australia against the USA, scoring four tries.", "David Campese __knowledge__ He was a member of the Eighth Wallabies for the 1984 Australia rugby union tour of Britain and Ireland that won rugby union's \"grand slam\", the first Australian side to defeat all four home nations, England, Ireland, Wales and Scotland, on a tour.", "Chicken soup __knowledge__ Chicken soup is a soup made from chicken, simmered in water, usually with various other ingredients.", "Chicken soup __knowledge__ The classic chicken soup consists of a clear chicken broth, often with pieces of chicken or vegetables; common additions are pasta, dumplings, or grains such as rice and barley.", "Chicken soup __knowledge__ Chicken soup has acquired the reputation of a folk remedy for colds and influenza, and in many countries is considered a comfort food.", "Chicken soup __knowledge__ Variations on the flavor are gained by adding root vegetables such as parsnip, potato, sweet potato and celery root, herbs such as parsley, dill, other vegetables such as zucchini, whole garlic cloves or tomatoes and black pepper.", "Parma Calcio 1913 __knowledge__ Parma Calcio 1913 S.r.l., commonly referred to as Parma, is an Italian football club based in the city of Parma that currently competes in Serie B.", "Parma Calcio 1913 __knowledge__ Financed by Calisto Tanzi, the club won eight trophies between 1992 and 2002, a period in which it achieved its best ever league finish – as runners-up in the 1996–97 season.", "Parma Calcio 1913 __knowledge__ The club has won three Coppa Italia, one Supercoppa Italiana, two UEFA Cups, one European Super Cup and one UEFA Cup Winners' Cup.", "Parma Calcio 1913 __knowledge__ Founded as Parma Football Club in December 1913, the club plays its home matches in the 22,352-seat Stadio Ennio Tardini, often referred to as simply \"Il Tardini\", from 1923." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ravioli __knowledge__ Ravioli (plural form; singular: \"raviolo\") are a type of dumpling composed of a filling sealed between two layers of thin pasta dough.", "Ravioli __knowledge__ Usually served either in broth or with a pasta sauce, they originated as a traditional food in Italian cuisine.", "Ravioli __knowledge__ Ravioli are typically square, though other forms are also used, including circular or semi-circular (mezzelune).", "Ravioli __knowledge__ The earliest known mention of ravioli appears in the personal letters of Francesco di Marco Datini, a merchant of Prato in the 14th century.", "Ravioli __knowledge__ In Venice, the mid-14th-century manuscript \"Libro per cuoco\" offers ravioli of green herbs blanched and minced, mixed with beaten egg and fresh cheese, simmered in broth and seasoned with \"sweet and strong spices\".", "Ravioli __knowledge__ In Rome, ravioli were already well-known when Bartolomeo Scappi served them with boiled chicken to the papal conclave of 1549.", "Ravioli __knowledge__ Ravioli were already known in 14th century England, appearing in the Anglo-Norman vellum manuscript Forme of Cury under the name of \"rauioles\".", "Ravioli __knowledge__ Sicilian ravioli and Malta's \"ravjul\" may thus be older than North Italian ones.", "Ravioli __knowledge__ Maltese \"ravjul\" are stuffed with \"irkotta\", the locally produced sheep's-milk ricotta, or with \"gbejna\", the traditional fresh sheep's-milk cheese.", "Info-gap decision theory __knowledge__ Info-gap decision theory is a non-probabilistic decision theory that seeks to optimize robustness to failure – or opportuneness for windfall – under severe uncertainty, in particular applying sensitivity analysis of the stability radius type to perturbations in the value of a given estimate of the parameter of interest.", "Info-gap decision theory __knowledge__ It has some connections with Wald's maximin model; some authors distinguish them, others consider them instances of the same principle.", "Info-gap decision theory __knowledge__ It has been developed since the 1980s by Yakov Ben-Haim, and has found many applications and described as a theory for decision-making under \"\"severe\" uncertainty\".", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that appear in \"Dinosaur King\".", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ The English versions of the series use names differing from the Japanese versions; in this article the English names are used.", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ The D-Team are the protagonists of the series who are very knowledgeable about dinosaurs.", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ They prevent the Alpha Gang from succeeding in their goal by saving the dinosaurs they can find.", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ Among its members are: The Alpha Gang are the primary yet inept antagonists of the first series who abduct any dinosaur cards they find using their own dinosaurs as their muscle.", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ They conduct experiments on the dinosaur cards they find.", "Rose Motif __knowledge__ The Rose Motif is a collection of plant characteristics utilized for diagnosing plant families in Dr. J. Richard Abbott's field botany course at Murray State University's Hancock Biological Station.", "Rose Motif __knowledge__ These characteristics primarily identify the Rosaceae family and then with the addition of other characteristics can be used to identify Betulaceae, Cannabaceae, Fagaceae, and Ulmaceae.", "Rose Motif __knowledge__ This approach is not meant to be comprehensive nor exhaustive, but is focused on vegetative features, especially for common plants in eastern North America.", "Rose Motif __knowledge__ Rosaceae mostly have relatively showy, perfect flowers with a hypanthium and are often herbaceous, whereas the other families have relatively inconspicuous, unisexual flowers without an obvious hypanthium and are all woody (except for Cannabis & Humulus in the Cannabaceae).", "International Fortean Organization __knowledge__ The International Fortean Organization (INFO) is a network of professional Fortean researchers and writers.", "International Fortean Organization __knowledge__ John Keel, author and parapsychologist, in both his writings and at his appearances at INFO's FortFest, says \"the International Fortean Organization (INFO) carries on Charles Fort's name as successor to the Fortean Society.\"", "International Fortean Organization __knowledge__ Keel, Colin Wilson and John Michell are long-time advisors to the organization.", "International Fortean Organization __knowledge__ The International Fortean Organization (INFO) published the \"INFO Journal: Science and the Unknown\", keeps a library of Forteana and offered a research service.", "International Fortean Organization __knowledge__ \"Science Digest\", in 1978, mentions their \"attempts to handle inquiries from a world-wide membership\".", "Info-Mac __knowledge__ Info-Mac is an online community, news aggregator and shareware file hosting service covering Apple Inc. products, including the iPhone, iPod and especially the Macintosh.", "Info-Mac __knowledge__ Established in 1984 as an electronic mailing list, Info-Mac is notable as being the first online community for Apple's then-new Macintosh computer.", "Info-Mac __knowledge__ Info-Mac was the dominant Internet resource for Mac OS software and community-based support throughout the 1980s and early 1990s.", "Info-Mac __knowledge__ Info-Mac consisted of two distinct services: the \"Info-Mac Archive\", a user-submitted collection of nearly all contemporary freeware and shareware available for the Macintosh, and the \"Info-Mac Digest\", an electronic mailing list open to public participation.", "Epi Info __knowledge__ Epi Info is statistical software for epidemiology developed by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in Atlanta, Georgia (US) and licensed as public domain.", "Epi Info __knowledge__ Epi Info has been in existence for over 20 years and is currently available for Microsoft Windows.", "Epi Info __knowledge__ The program allows for electronic survey creation, data entry, and analysis.", "Epi Info __knowledge__ Within the analysis module, analytic routines include t-tests, ANOVA, nonparametric statistics, cross tabulations and stratification with estimates of odds ratios, risk ratios, and risk differences, logistic regression (conditional and unconditional), survival analysis (Kaplan Meier and Cox proportional hazard), and analysis of complex survey data.", "BFM TV __knowledge__ BFM TV (, stylised as BFMTV and seen on logo as BFMTV News 24/7) is a 24-hour rolling news and weather channel based in France and available globally via digital, cable and satellite television.", "BFM TV __knowledge__ As the country's most-watched news network with 10 million daily viewers, BFMTV \"boasts a market share in France that is greater than any equivalent news channel around the world\".", "BFM TV __knowledge__ Its economic coverage is \"clearly pro-business, pro-reform, and anti the old consensus\", which is noteworthy because in France, \"economic coverage tends to come from the opposite perspective—the state sector and workers taking precedence over private enterprise\".", "Windmills in Leeuwarden __knowledge__ The city of Leeuwarden, Friesland, the Netherlands has had at least 130 windmills over the centuries.", "Windmills in Leeuwarden __knowledge__ Only one, the \"Froskepôlemolen\" survives today within Leeuwarden.", "Windmills in Leeuwarden __knowledge__ Six other mills which have stood in Leeuwarden survive elsewhere in the Netherlands.", "Windmills in Leeuwarden __knowledge__ The mills had a wide range of industrial and agricultural uses.", "Windmills in Leeuwarden __knowledge__ The industrial uses include the processing of bark for tanning leather, the fulling of cloth, the production of cement, the production of dyes, the extraction of oil (including the production of paints), the grinding of tobacco to produce snuff, the production of gunpowder, and the sawing of timber.", "Dioceses of the Church of the East to 1318 __knowledge__ At the height of its power, in the 10th century AD, the dioceses of the Church of the East numbered well over a hundred and stretched from Egypt to China.", "Dioceses of the Church of the East to 1318 __knowledge__ These dioceses were organised into six interior provinces in Mesopotamia, in the Church's Iraqi heartland, and a dozen or more second-rank exterior provinces.", "Dioceses of the Church of the East to 1318 __knowledge__ Most of the exterior provinces were located in Iran, Central Asia, India and China, testifying to the Church's remarkable eastern expansion in the Middle Ages.", "Dioceses of the Church of the East to 1318 __knowledge__ A number of East Syrian dioceses were also established in the towns of the eastern Mediterranean, in Palestine, Syria, Cilicia and Egypt.", "Castles in Great Britain and Ireland __knowledge__ Castles have played an important military, economic and social role in Great Britain and Ireland since their introduction following the Norman invasion of England in 1066.", "Castles in Great Britain and Ireland __knowledge__ Although a small number of castles had been built in England in the 1050s, the Normans began to build motte and bailey and ringworks castles in large numbers to control their newly occupied territories in England and the Welsh Marches.", "Castles in Great Britain and Ireland __knowledge__ During the 12th century the Normans began to build more castles in stone – with characteristic square keeps – that played both military and political roles.", "Castles in Great Britain and Ireland __knowledge__ Royal castles were used to control key towns and the economically important forests, while baronial castles were used by the Norman lords to control their widespread estates.", "George Orwell __knowledge__ Eric Arthur Blair (25 June 1903 – 21 January 1950), better known by his pen name George Orwell, was an English novelist, essayist, journalist, and critic.", "George Orwell __knowledge__ His work is marked by lucid prose, awareness of social injustice, opposition to totalitarianism, and outspoken support of democratic socialism.", "George Orwell __knowledge__ Orwell wrote literary criticism, poetry, fiction, and polemical journalism.", "George Orwell __knowledge__ He is best known for the allegorical novella \"Animal Farm\" (1945) and the dystopian novel \"Nineteen Eighty-Four\" (1949).", "George Orwell __knowledge__ His non-fiction works, including \"The Road to Wigan Pier\" (1937), documenting his experience of working class life in the north of England, and \"Homage to Catalonia\" (1938), an account of his experiences in the Spanish Civil War, are widely acclaimed, as are his essays on politics, literature, language, and culture.", "History of gunpowder __knowledge__ Gunpowder is the first physical explosive and propellant.", "History of gunpowder __knowledge__ Before its invention, many incendiary and burning devices had been used, including Greek fire.", "History of gunpowder __knowledge__ The invention of gunpowder is attributed to experimentation in Chinese alchemy by Taoists in the pursuit of immortality, and is popularly listed as one of the \"Four Great Inventions\" of China.", "History of gunpowder __knowledge__ It was invented during the late Tang dynasty (9th century) but the earliest record of a written formula appeared in the Song dynasty (11th century).", "History of gunpowder __knowledge__ Knowledge of gunpowder spread rapidly throughout the Old World possibly as a result of the Mongol conquests during the 13th century, with written formula for it appearing in the 1267 \"Opus Majus\" treatise by Roger Bacon and a 1280 treatise by Hasan al-Rammah.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Charles de Gaulle __knowledge__ Charles André Joseph Marie de Gaulle (; 22 November 1890 – 9 November 1970) was a French general and statesman.", "Charles de Gaulle __knowledge__ He was the leader of Free France (1940–1944) and the head of the Provisional Government of the French Republic (1944–1946).", "Charles de Gaulle __knowledge__ In 1958, he founded the Fifth Republic and was elected as the President of France, a position he held until his resignation in 1969.", "Charles de Gaulle __knowledge__ He was the dominant figure of France during the Cold War era and his memory continues to influence French politics.", "Charles de Gaulle __knowledge__ Born in Lille, he graduated from Saint-Cyr in 1912.", "Charles de Gaulle __knowledge__ He was a decorated officer of the First World War, wounded several times, and later taken prisoner at Verdun." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 4, 9 ]

[ "I love them too. My favorite is when an egg yolk is put between the two layers of pasta. Soooo goood!", "I love it, you should definitely try it. When I got it it was served in broth. It was unbelievable. I had it in Parma Italy.", "Well they are an extremely old food, the first mention of them in writing was in the 14th century, and apparently they haven't lost their popularity cause we're still writing about them.", "No problem. I might have to go get a ricotta stuffed ravioli as a midnight snack now. I'm so hungry!" ]

[ "Ravioli", "Ravioli", "Ravioli", "Ravioli" ]

[ "Take-out\nHi there. Do you get a lot of take-out for meals?", "Ancient times? Really? I had no idea. What did that look like?", "That's amazing. I sure it wasn't as convenient as Uber Eats! ", "I agree. Definitely a good thing! I wonder what they did with sheep's feet?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Take-out __knowledge__ Take-out or takeout (in North America—U.S.", "Take-out __knowledge__ and Canada—and the Philippines); carry-out (in some dialects in the U.S. and Scotland); take-away (in the United Kingdom other than Scotland, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Hong Kong, and Ireland), parcel (in Indian and Pakistani English), refer to prepared meals or other food items, purchased at a restaurant, that the purchaser intends to eat elsewhere.", "Take-out __knowledge__ A concept found in many ancient cultures, take-out food is now common worldwide, with a number of different cuisines and dishes on offer.", "Take-out __knowledge__ The concept of prepared meals to be eaten elsewhere dates back to antiquity.", "Take-out __knowledge__ Market and roadside stalls selling food were common in Ancient Greece and Rome.", "Take-out __knowledge__ In Pompeii, archaeologists have found a number of \"thermopolia\", service counters opening onto the street which provided food to be taken away.", "Take-out __knowledge__ There is a distinct lack of formal dining and kitchen area in Pompeian homes, which may suggest that eating, or at least cooking, at home was unusual.", "Take-out __knowledge__ Over 200 \"thermopolia\" have been found in the ruins of Pompeii.", "Take-out __knowledge__ In the cities of medieval Europe a number of street vendors sold take-out food.", "Take-out __knowledge__ In medieval London, street vendors sold hot meat pies, geese, sheep's feet and French wine, while in Paris roasted meats, squab, tarts and flans, cheeses and eggs were available.", "School meal __knowledge__ A school meal or school lunch (also known as hot lunch, a school dinner, or school breakfast) is a meal provided to students at school, typically in the middle or beginning of the school day.", "School meal __knowledge__ Countries all over the world have various kinds of school meal programs.", "School meal __knowledge__ Millions of children from all standards and grades get their meals at their respective schools every day.", "School meal __knowledge__ School meals provide high-energy food with high nutritional values either free, or at economical rates.", "School meal __knowledge__ The benefits of school meals vary from country to country.", "School meal __knowledge__ While in developed countries the school meal is a source of nutritious meals, in developing countries it is an incentive to send children to school and continue their education.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ \"Regular Show\" is an American animated series created by J. G. Quintel.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ The series contains many characters, with seven main characters and various recurring and one-time characters.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai (voiced by J. G. Quintel) is a 5'10\" anthropomorphic blue jay (6' including the crest) who works as a groundskeeper at The Park.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ He has been best friends with Rigby ever since childhood, and together they are very lazy and constantly slack off at their jobs there.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai is more conscientious, mature, and moral about his actions than Rigby is, which sometimes leads to his opposing Rigby when he is the cause of some kind of chaotic problem.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ Hi-5 are an Australian children's musical group formed in 1998, who are associated with the children's television series of the same name.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ As of December 2016, the members are Lachie Dearing, Courtney Clarke, Shay Clifford, Joe Kalou and Bailey Spalding.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The group is aimed at preschoolers, composed of five performers who entertain and educate children through music, movement and play.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ \"Hi-5\" was created by Helena Harris and Posie Graeme-Evans, initially a television series for the Nine Network, which premiered in 1999.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The cast of the show became a recognised musical group for children.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The original members were Kellie Crawford, Kathleen de Leon Jones, Nathan Foley, Tim Harding and Charli Robinson.", "Meals on Wheels __knowledge__ Meals on Wheels is a program that delivers meals to individuals at home who are unable to purchase or prepare their own meals.", "Meals on Wheels __knowledge__ The name is often used generically to refer to home-delivered meals programs, not all of which are actually named \"Meals on Wheels\".", "Meals on Wheels __knowledge__ Because they are housebound, many of the recipients are the elderly, and many of the volunteers are also elderly but able-bodied and able to drive automobiles.", "Meals on Wheels __knowledge__ Research shows that home-delivered meal programs significantly improve diet quality, increase nutrient intakes, reduce food insecurity and improve quality-of-life among the recipients.", "Hi-MD __knowledge__ In January 2004, Sony announced the Hi-MD media storage format as a further development of the MiniDisc format.", "Hi-MD __knowledge__ With its release in later 2004, came the ability to use newly developed, high-capacity 1 gigabyte Hi-MD discs, sporting the same dimensions as regular MiniDiscs.", "Hi-MD __knowledge__ The Hi-MD format can be considered obsolete as the last recorder/player was discontinued in 2011.", "Hi-MD __knowledge__ The discs themselves were withdrawn from sale in September 2012, though regular MiniDiscs are still available ().", "Hi-MD __knowledge__ Hi-MD offers the choice of several codecs for audio recording: PCM, Hi-SP and Hi-LP, each selectable on the Hi-MD Walkman itself.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ The 2009–10 season is Sunderland's third consecutive season in the top division of English football, the Premier League.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Ricky Sbragia was replaced by Steve Bruce in the close season.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ His aim is to improve on the club's 16th position the previous season.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Darren Bent was the top scorer in the Premier League with 24 goals.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Andy Reid was the top scorer in the League Cup with two goals.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Fraizer Campbell was the top scorer in the FA Cup with two goals.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Darren Bent was the top scorer in all competitions with 25 goals.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ At the end of the season, Darren Bent won both the club's official Player of the Season and the SAFC Supporters' Association awards.", "Mary's Meals __knowledge__ Mary's Meals is a registered charity, formerly known as Scottish International Relief (SIR), which sets up school feeding programmes in some of the world's poorest communities, where hunger and poverty prevent children from gaining an education.", "Mary's Meals __knowledge__ It was founded in 2002 and has grown from its first feeding operation of 200 children in Malawi, to a worldwide campaign, providing free school meals in hundreds of schools and feeding more than one million children daily.", "Mary's Meals __knowledge__ Mary’s Meals is named after Mary, the mother of Jesus, by its founders, who were inspired by their Catholic faith, although the charity is not a Catholic organisation." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Take-out __knowledge__ Take-out or takeout (in North America—U.S.", "Take-out __knowledge__ and Canada—and the Philippines); carry-out (in some dialects in the U.S. and Scotland); take-away (in the United Kingdom other than Scotland, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Hong Kong, and Ireland), parcel (in Indian and Pakistani English), refer to prepared meals or other food items, purchased at a restaurant, that the purchaser intends to eat elsewhere.", "Take-out __knowledge__ A concept found in many ancient cultures, take-out food is now common worldwide, with a number of different cuisines and dishes on offer.", "Take-out __knowledge__ The concept of prepared meals to be eaten elsewhere dates back to antiquity.", "Take-out __knowledge__ Market and roadside stalls selling food were common in Ancient Greece and Rome.", "Take-out __knowledge__ In Pompeii, archaeologists have found a number of \"thermopolia\", service counters opening onto the street which provided food to be taken away.", "Take-out __knowledge__ There is a distinct lack of formal dining and kitchen area in Pompeian homes, which may suggest that eating, or at least cooking, at home was unusual.", "Take-out __knowledge__ Over 200 \"thermopolia\" have been found in the ruins of Pompeii.", "Take-out __knowledge__ In the cities of medieval Europe a number of street vendors sold take-out food.", "Take-out __knowledge__ In medieval London, street vendors sold hot meat pies, geese, sheep's feet and French wine, while in Paris roasted meats, squab, tarts and flans, cheeses and eggs were available.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (N–Z) __knowledge__ Through his adventures, Fawcett Comics/DC Comics superhero Captain Marvel and his Marvel Family gained a host of enemies, including the following: Only appearing in \"Captain Marvel Adventures\" #139.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (N–Z) __knowledge__ Niatpac Levram was the creation of the devilish Wizzo the Wizard!", "List of Marvel Family enemies (N–Z) __knowledge__ The wizard created Levram as a mirror duplicate of Captain Marvel by casting a spell and animating Cap's image from a mirror.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (N–Z) __knowledge__ Wizzo used Niatpac Levram to wreak havoc on Captain Marvel's city for the sole purpose of graduating from the School of Black Magicians!", "List of Marvel Family enemies (N–Z) __knowledge__ Cap was able to defeat Wizzo and send Nia back to the mirror universe!", "List of Marvel Family enemies (N–Z) __knowledge__ 1948, \"Mary Marvel\" #24.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters from the \"Forgotten Realms\" campaign setting for the \"Dungeons & Dragons\" fantasy role-playing game.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Most of these characters have appeared in the multiple series of novels set in the \"Forgotten Realms\".", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Many have some magical abilities.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Aballister Bonaduce is the nemesis of his son Cadderly Bonaduce, the main character of R.A. Salvatore's The Cleric Quintet.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Calculating, cold, and merciless, Aballister is determined to complete his conquest of the region.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Guided by the goddess Talona, Mistress of Poison, Aballister creates The Chaos Curse and unleashes it upon The Edificant Library, home of Cadderly and his friends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ \"Regular Show\" is an American animated series created by J. G. Quintel.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ The series contains many characters, with seven main characters and various recurring and one-time characters.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai (voiced by J. G. Quintel) is a 5'10\" anthropomorphic blue jay (6' including the crest) who works as a groundskeeper at The Park.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ He has been best friends with Rigby ever since childhood, and together they are very lazy and constantly slack off at their jobs there.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai is more conscientious, mature, and moral about his actions than Rigby is, which sometimes leads to his opposing Rigby when he is the cause of some kind of chaotic problem.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ Ancient Israelite cuisine refers to the food eaten by the ancient Israelites during a period of over a thousand years, from the beginning of the Israelite presence in the Land of Israel at the beginning of the Iron Age until the Roman period.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ The dietary staples were bread, wine and olive oil, but also included legumes, fruits and vegetables, dairy products, fish and meat.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ Religious beliefs, which prohibited the consumption of certain foods, shaped the Israelite diet.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ There was considerable continuity in the main components of the diet over time, despite the introduction of new foodstuffs at various stages.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Various characters appeared in the sitcom \"Friends\", which aired for ten seasons on NBC from 1994 to 2004.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ It featured six main cast members: Rachel Green (Jennifer Aniston), Phoebe Buffay (Lisa Kudrow), Joey Tribbiani (Matt LeBlanc), Chandler Bing (Matthew Perry), Ross Geller (David Schwimmer) and Monica Geller (Courteney Cox).", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Many celebrities guest starred on the series throughout its ten-year run.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ The main cast members were familiar to television viewers before their roles on \"Friends\", but were not considered to be stars.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Series creator David Crane wanted all six characters to be equally prominent, and the series was lauded as being \"the first true 'ensemble' show\".", "List of The Big Bang Theory characters __knowledge__ The American television sitcom \"The Big Bang Theory\", created and executive produced by Chuck Lorre and Bill Prady, premiered on CBS on September 24, 2007.", "List of The Big Bang Theory characters __knowledge__ The series initially centers on five characters: roommates Leonard Hofstadter and Sheldon Cooper, two Caltech physicists; Penny, a waitress and aspiring actress who lives across the hall; and Leonard and Sheldon's friends and co-workers aerospace engineer Howard Wolowitz, and astrophysicist Raj Koothrappali.", "List of The Big Bang Theory characters __knowledge__ Over time, several supporting characters have been introduced and promoted to starring roles, including Leslie Winkle, Amy Farrah Fowler, Bernadette Rostenkowski-Wolowitz, Stuart Bloom, and Emily Sweeney.", "List of 30 Rock characters __knowledge__ \"30 Rock\" is an American television comedy series created by Tina Fey, which aired on NBC.", "List of 30 Rock characters __knowledge__ The series takes place behind the scenes of a fictional live sketch comedy series, also airing on NBC; the name \"30 Rock\" refers to the address of the GE Building, where NBC Studios is located (30 Rockefeller Plaza).", "List of 30 Rock characters __knowledge__ The series has an ensemble cast consisting of 14 regular cast members: Tina Fey, Alec Baldwin, Tracy Morgan, Jane Krakowski, Jack McBrayer, Scott Adsit, Judah Friedlander, Katrina Bowden, Keith Powell, Lonny Ross, John Lutz, Kevin Brown, Grizz Chapman, and Maulik Pancholy.", "List of 30 Rock characters __knowledge__ The series features seven characters appearing during the opening credits: There are another seven characters not appearing during the opening credits but also receiving star billing." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Take-out __knowledge__ Take-out or takeout (in North America—U.S.", "Take-out __knowledge__ and Canada—and the Philippines); carry-out (in some dialects in the U.S. and Scotland); take-away (in the United Kingdom other than Scotland, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Hong Kong, and Ireland), parcel (in Indian and Pakistani English), refer to prepared meals or other food items, purchased at a restaurant, that the purchaser intends to eat elsewhere.", "Take-out __knowledge__ A concept found in many ancient cultures, take-out food is now common worldwide, with a number of different cuisines and dishes on offer.", "Take-out __knowledge__ The concept of prepared meals to be eaten elsewhere dates back to antiquity.", "Take-out __knowledge__ Market and roadside stalls selling food were common in Ancient Greece and Rome.", "Take-out __knowledge__ In Pompeii, archaeologists have found a number of \"thermopolia\", service counters opening onto the street which provided food to be taken away.", "Take-out __knowledge__ There is a distinct lack of formal dining and kitchen area in Pompeian homes, which may suggest that eating, or at least cooking, at home was unusual.", "Take-out __knowledge__ Over 200 \"thermopolia\" have been found in the ruins of Pompeii.", "Take-out __knowledge__ In the cities of medieval Europe a number of street vendors sold take-out food.", "Take-out __knowledge__ In medieval London, street vendors sold hot meat pies, geese, sheep's feet and French wine, while in Paris roasted meats, squab, tarts and flans, cheeses and eggs were available.", "Uber __knowledge__ Uber Technologies Inc. is a global taxi technology company headquartered in San Francisco, California, United States, operating in 633 cities worldwide.", "Uber __knowledge__ It develops, markets and operates the Uber car transportation and food delivery mobile apps.", "Uber __knowledge__ Uber drivers use their own cars although drivers can rent a car to drive with Uber.", "Uber __knowledge__ The name \"Uber\" is a reference to the common (and somewhat colloquial) word \"uber\", meaning \"topmost\" or \"super\", and having its origins in the German word \"über\", meaning \"above\".", "Uber __knowledge__ Uber has been a pioneer in the sharing economy, so much so that the changes in industries as a result of it have been referred to as Uberisation.", "Uber Eats __knowledge__ Uber Eats (previously stylized as UberEATS) is an American online meal ordering and delivery platform based in San Francisco, California and launched by the ride hailing company Uber Technologies in 2014.", "Uber Eats __knowledge__ It partners with restaurants in dozens of cities around the world.", "Uber Eats __knowledge__ Ordering can be done on their website or with a smartphone/tablet application (only iOS and Android).", "Uber Eats __knowledge__ The website claims a delivery time of 30 minutes or less.", "Uber Eats __knowledge__ Uber Technologies Inc. was founded in 2009 by Garrett Camp (also the founder of StumbleUpon), and Travis Kalanick.", "Uber Eats __knowledge__ The company made its foray into food delivery in August, 2014 with the launch of the UberFRESH service in Santa Monica, California.", "Uber protests and legal actions __knowledge__ Uber Technologies Inc, is an American international transportation network company (TNC) and technology company with subsidiaries in many countries.", "Uber protests and legal actions __knowledge__ Taxi industry groups have argued that TNCs are illegal taxicab operations which take away their business.", "Uber protests and legal actions __knowledge__ Several communities, governments, and organizations have established rules and regulations that specifically govern TNCs and, in some jurisdictions, TNCs are completely illegal to operate.", "Uber protests and legal actions __knowledge__ As of November 2015, Uber was involved in at least 173 lawsuits.", "Uber protests and legal actions __knowledge__ The company has also been criticized for aggression towards local officials and journalists.", "Sharing economy __knowledge__ Sharing economy is an umbrella term with a range of meanings, often used to describe economic activity involving online transactions.", "Sharing economy __knowledge__ The Sharing economy describes economic and social activities, involving; online transactions in an open-source community.", "Sharing economy __knowledge__ It usually refers to peer-to-peer sharing via an online market place.", "Sharing economy __knowledge__ The sharing economy may take a variety of forms, including using information technology to provide individuals with information, that enables them to optimise resources through an effective use of excess capacity.", "Sharing economy __knowledge__ Originally growing out of the open-source community to refer to peer-to-peer based sharing of access to goods and services, the term is now sometimes used in a broader sense to describe any sales transactions that are done via online market places, even ones that are business to business (B2B), rather than peer-to-peer.", "Aslam v Uber BV __knowledge__ Aslam v Uber BV (2016) Case no: 2202550/2015 is a UK labour law case, concerning the scope of employment rights for Uber drivers.", "Aslam v Uber BV __knowledge__ Mr Yaseen Aslam and Mr James Farrar claimed that they should be paid the minimum wage under the National Minimum Wage Act 1998 and receive paid annual leave under the Working Time Regulations 1998 while working as drivers for Uber.", "Aslam v Uber BV __knowledge__ Uber BV, a Dutch incorporated company part of the global Uber group argued that their drivers were self-employed independent contractors, and that it owed them no work or employee obligations.", "Aslam v Uber BV __knowledge__ Its contracts described Mr Aslam and Mr Farrar as \"partners\" and stated that \"nothing shall create an employment relationship between Uber and the partner\".", "Travis Kalanick __knowledge__ Travis Cordell Kalanick () is an American businessman.", "Travis Kalanick __knowledge__ He is the co-founder of the peer-to-peer file sharing company Red Swoosh and the founder of transportation network company Uber.", "Travis Kalanick __knowledge__ In 2014, he entered the \"Forbes\" list of the 400 richest Americans at position 190, with an estimated net worth of US$6.3 billion.", "Travis Kalanick __knowledge__ In June 2017, he was forced to resign as the CEO of Uber amidst mounting allegations of workplace culture and sexual harassment rampant at Uber, which he was accused of having done little to stop.", "Travis Kalanick __knowledge__ Kalanick was born on August 6, 1976 and grew up in Northridge, California.", "Travis Kalanick __knowledge__ Kalanick's parents are Bonnie Renée Horowitz Kalanick (née Bloom) and Donald Edward Kalanick.", "E-commerce in Mexico __knowledge__ The e-commerce market in Mexico in 2015 was estimated by Forbes to be 12 billion U.S. dollars and by the Mexican Internet Association AMIPCI to be 257.1 billion Mexico pesos (about 15.6 billion U.S. dollars).", "E-commerce in Mexico __knowledge__ This represented 1.6–2% of all retail sales vs. a global average of 7%.", "E-commerce in Mexico __knowledge__ E-commerce takes place via Web and apps but also via WhatsApp, Facebook Messenger (in some cases using chatbots), and leads generated on social media.", "E-commerce in Mexico __knowledge__ It was estimated in 2016 that 70% of Mexicans had access to Internet.", "E-commerce in Mexico __knowledge__ E-commerce volume grew 900% from 2009 to 2015.", "E-commerce in Mexico __knowledge__ While debit and credit cards are used for payments, cash is also important, with nearly half of Mexicans having used cash to pay for an e-commerce purchase.", "Marketplace __knowledge__ A market, or marketplace, is a location where people regularly gather for the purchase and sale of provisions, livestock, and other goods.", "Marketplace __knowledge__ In different parts of the world, a market place may be described as a \"souk\" (from the Arabic), \"bazaar\" (from the Persian), a fixed \"mercado\" (Spanish), or itinerant \"tianguis\" (Mexico), or \"palengke\" (Philippines).", "Marketplace __knowledge__ Some markets operate daily and are said to be \"permanent\" markets while others are held once a week or on less frequent specified days such as festival days and are said to be \"periodic markets.\"", "Marketplace __knowledge__ The form that a market adopts is depends on its locality's population, culture, ambient and geographic conditions.", "Ancient Greece __knowledge__ Ancient Greece was a civilization belonging to a period of Greek history from the Greek Dark Ages of the 13th–9th centuries BC to the end of antiquity ( AD).", "Ancient Greece __knowledge__ Immediately following this period was the beginning of the Early Middle Ages and the Byzantine era.", "Ancient Greece __knowledge__ Roughly three centuries after the Late Bronze Age collapse of Mycenaean Greece, Greek urban poleis began to form in the 8th century BC, ushering in the period of Archaic Greece and colonization of the Mediterranean Basin.", "Ancient Greece __knowledge__ This was followed by the period of Classical Greece, an era that began with the Greco-Persian Wars, lasting from the 5th to 4th centuries BC.", "Ancient history __knowledge__ Ancient history is the aggregate of past events from the beginning of recorded human history and extending as far as the Early Middle Ages or the Postclassical Era.", "Ancient history __knowledge__ The span of recorded history is roughly 5,000 years, beginning with Sumerian Cuneiform script, the oldest discovered form of coherent writing from the protoliterate period around the 30th century BC.", "Ancient history __knowledge__ The term classical antiquity is often used to refer to history in the Old World from the beginning of recorded Greek history in 776 BC (First Olympiad).", "Ancient history __knowledge__ This roughly coincides with the traditional date of the founding of Rome in 753 BC, the beginning of the history of ancient Rome, and the beginning of the Archaic period in Ancient Greece.", "Ancient Rome __knowledge__ In historiography, ancient Rome refers to the Roman civilization from the founding of the city of Rome in the 8th century BC to the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD, encompassing the Roman Kingdom, Roman Republic and Roman Empire until the fall of the western empire.", "Ancient Rome __knowledge__ The term is sometimes used to just refer to the kingdom and republic periods, excluding the subsequent empire.", "Ancient Rome __knowledge__ The civilization began as an Italic settlement in the Italian peninsula, dating from the 8th century BC, that grew into the city of Rome and which subsequently gave its name to the empire over which it ruled and to the widespread civilisation the empire developed.", "European debt crisis __knowledge__ The European debt crisis (often also referred to as the Eurozone crisis or the European sovereign debt crisis) is a multi-year debt crisis that has been taking place in the European Union since the end of 2009.", "European debt crisis __knowledge__ Several eurozone member states (Greece, Portugal, Ireland, Spain and Cyprus) were unable to repay or refinance their government debt or to bail out over-indebted banks under their national supervision without the assistance of third parties like other Eurozone countries, the European Central Bank (ECB), or the International Monetary Fund (IMF).", "European debt crisis __knowledge__ The detailed causes of the debt crisis varied.", "Classics __knowledge__ Classics or classical studies is the study of classical antiquity.", "Classics __knowledge__ It encompasses the study of the Greco-Roman world, particularly of its languages and literature (Ancient Greek and Classical Latin) but also of Greco-Roman philosophy, history, and archaeology.", "Classics __knowledge__ Traditionally in the West, the study of the Greek and Roman classics was considered one of the cornerstones of the humanities and a necessary part of a rounded education.", "Classics __knowledge__ The study of Classics has been traditionally a cornerstone of a typical elite education.", "Classics __knowledge__ Study encompasses specifically a time-period of history from the mid-2nd millennia BC to the 6th century AD." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Take-out __knowledge__ Take-out or takeout (in North America—U.S.", "Take-out __knowledge__ and Canada—and the Philippines); carry-out (in some dialects in the U.S. and Scotland); take-away (in the United Kingdom other than Scotland, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Hong Kong, and Ireland), parcel (in Indian and Pakistani English), refer to prepared meals or other food items, purchased at a restaurant, that the purchaser intends to eat elsewhere.", "Take-out __knowledge__ A concept found in many ancient cultures, take-out food is now common worldwide, with a number of different cuisines and dishes on offer.", "Take-out __knowledge__ The concept of prepared meals to be eaten elsewhere dates back to antiquity.", "Take-out __knowledge__ Market and roadside stalls selling food were common in Ancient Greece and Rome.", "Take-out __knowledge__ In Pompeii, archaeologists have found a number of \"thermopolia\", service counters opening onto the street which provided food to be taken away.", "Take-out __knowledge__ There is a distinct lack of formal dining and kitchen area in Pompeian homes, which may suggest that eating, or at least cooking, at home was unusual.", "Take-out __knowledge__ Over 200 \"thermopolia\" have been found in the ruins of Pompeii.", "Take-out __knowledge__ In the cities of medieval Europe a number of street vendors sold take-out food.", "Take-out __knowledge__ In medieval London, street vendors sold hot meat pies, geese, sheep's feet and French wine, while in Paris roasted meats, squab, tarts and flans, cheeses and eggs were available.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ The following is a list of episodes from the American animated children's television series, \"Wonder Pets!\".", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ It debuted on March 3, 2006, on the Nick Jr. block of the Nickelodeon cable television network and Noggin (now Nick Jr.) on December 27, 2006.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ 1.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ Save the Dolphin!/Save the Chimp!", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ (Air Date 9/18/06) The Wonder Pets travel to Hawaii to save a baby dolphin caught in a fishing net who is in danger of drowning.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ The Wonder Pets rig their Flyboat for space travel and head for the stars to rescue a baby chimp whose spaceship is about to be hit by a meteor!", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ (Fact: Christine Ka'aloa plays the mother dolphin in this first episode.)", "Forever Evil __knowledge__ \"Forever Evil\" is a 2013–2014 crossover comic book storyline published by DC Comics that began in September 2013 and ended in May 2014, consisting of an eponymous, central miniseries written by Geoff Johns and art by David Finch.", "Forever Evil __knowledge__ It is the first line wide crossover since The New 52 reboot of the DC Universe, and focuses on all the villains of the DC Universe.", "Forever Evil __knowledge__ The miniseries spins out of the events in \"Trinity War\".", "Forever Evil __knowledge__ Johns revealed in August 2013, that the Crime Syndicate, an evil version of the Justice League from Earth-3 in the Multiverse, are the true villains of the event and not the previously thought Secret Society.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ Wonder Woman is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character is a founding member of the Justice League, goddess, and Ambassador-at-Large of the Amazon people.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character first appeared in \"All Star Comics\" #8 in October 1941 and first cover-dated on \"Sensation Comics\" #1, January 1942.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ In her homeland, the island nation of Themyscira, her official title is Princess Diana of Themyscira, Daughter of Hippolyta.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ When blending into the society outside of her homeland, she adopts her civilian identity Diana Prince.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character is also referred to by such epithets as the \"Amazing Amazon\", the \"Spirit of Truth\", \"Themyscira's Champion\", the \"God-killer\", and the \"Goddess of Love and War\".", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Faith No More __knowledge__ Faith No More (sometimes abbreviated as FNM) is an American rock band from San Francisco, California, formed in 1979.", "Faith No More __knowledge__ Before settling on their current name in 1982, the band performed under the names Sharp Young Men and later Faith No Man.", "Faith No More __knowledge__ Bassist Billy Gould and drummer Mike Bordin are the longest remaining members of the band, having been involved with Faith No More since its inception.", "Faith No More __knowledge__ The band underwent several lineup changes early in their career, along with some major changes later on.", "Faith No More __knowledge__ The current lineup of Faith No More consists of Gould, Bordin, keyboardist Roddy Bottum, guitarist Jon Hudson and vocalist/lyricist Mike Patton.", "Sheep __knowledge__ The sheep (\"Ovis aries\") is a quadrupedal, ruminant mammal typically kept as livestock.", "Sheep __knowledge__ Like all ruminants, sheep are members of the order Artiodactyla, the even-toed ungulates.", "Sheep __knowledge__ Although the name \"sheep\" applies to many species in the genus \"Ovis\", in everyday usage it almost always refers to \"Ovis aries\".", "Sheep __knowledge__ Numbering a little over one billion, domestic sheep are also the most numerous species of sheep.", "Sheep __knowledge__ An adult female sheep is referred to as a \"ewe\" (), an intact male as a \"ram\" or occasionally a \"tup\", a castrated male as a \"wether\", and a younger sheep as a \"lamb\".", "Sheep __knowledge__ Sheep are most likely descended from the wild mouflon of Europe and Asia.", "The Raw & the Cooked (album) __knowledge__ The Raw & the Cooked is the second and final studio album by British rock band Fine Young Cannibals, released in 1989.", "The Raw & the Cooked (album) __knowledge__ The title of the album was lifted from the book of the same name (\"Le Cru et le Cuit\" in French) by French anthropologist Claude Lévi-Strauss.", "The Raw & the Cooked (album) __knowledge__ Four songs from the album first appeared in film soundtracks in the mid-1980s, three of which were soul tracks from the \"Tin Men\" film.", "The Raw & the Cooked (album) __knowledge__ The band had already recorded over half of the album by the time David Z came to produce the remainder.", "The Raw & the Cooked (album) __knowledge__ His work with the band, which resulted in dance-rock material, included studio experimentation.", "The Raw & the Cooked (album) __knowledge__ The album is considered to be an eclectic, varied album, taking influences from numerous genres including Motown soul, rock, funk, British beat and pop.", "Uber __knowledge__ Uber Technologies Inc. is a global taxi technology company headquartered in San Francisco, California, United States, operating in 633 cities worldwide.", "Uber __knowledge__ It develops, markets and operates the Uber car transportation and food delivery mobile apps.", "Uber __knowledge__ Uber drivers use their own cars although drivers can rent a car to drive with Uber.", "Uber __knowledge__ The name \"Uber\" is a reference to the common (and somewhat colloquial) word \"uber\", meaning \"topmost\" or \"super\", and having its origins in the German word \"über\", meaning \"above\".", "Uber __knowledge__ Uber has been a pioneer in the sharing economy, so much so that the changes in industries as a result of it have been referred to as Uberisation.", "Uber Eats __knowledge__ Uber Eats (previously stylized as UberEATS) is an American online meal ordering and delivery platform based in San Francisco, California and launched by the ride hailing company Uber Technologies in 2014.", "Uber Eats __knowledge__ It partners with restaurants in dozens of cities around the world.", "Uber Eats __knowledge__ Ordering can be done on their website or with a smartphone/tablet application (only iOS and Android).", "Uber Eats __knowledge__ The website claims a delivery time of 30 minutes or less.", "Uber Eats __knowledge__ Uber Technologies Inc. was founded in 2009 by Garrett Camp (also the founder of StumbleUpon), and Travis Kalanick.", "Uber Eats __knowledge__ The company made its foray into food delivery in August, 2014 with the launch of the UberFRESH service in Santa Monica, California.", "Street food __knowledge__ Street food is ready-to-eat food or drink sold by a hawker, or vendor, in a street or other public place, such as at a market or fair.", "Street food __knowledge__ It is often sold from a portable food booth, food cart, or food truck and meant for immediate consumption.", "Street food __knowledge__ Some street foods are regional, but many have spread beyond their region of origin.", "Street food __knowledge__ Most street foods are classed as both finger food and fast food, and are cheaper on average than restaurant meals.", "Street food __knowledge__ According to a 2007 study from the Food and Agriculture Organization, 2.5 billion people eat street food every day.", "Street food __knowledge__ Today, people may purchase street food for a number of reasons, such as to get flavourful food for a reasonable price in a sociable setting, to try ethnic cuisines, or for nostalgia.", "Street cries __knowledge__ Street Cries are the short lyrical calls of merchants hawking their products and services in open-air markets.", "Street cries __knowledge__ The custom of hawking led many vendors to create custom melodic phrases.", "Street cries __knowledge__ During the 18th and 19th century, the street cries of major urban centers became one of the distinctive features of city life.", "Street cries __knowledge__ Street cries became popular subject matter for poets, musicians, artists and writers of the period.", "Street cries __knowledge__ Many of these street cries were catalogued in large collections or incorporated into larger musical works, preserving them from oblivion.", "Street cries __knowledge__ Street vendors and their cries were known in the medieval period.", "Marketplace __knowledge__ A market, or marketplace, is a location where people regularly gather for the purchase and sale of provisions, livestock, and other goods.", "Marketplace __knowledge__ In different parts of the world, a market place may be described as a \"souk\" (from the Arabic), \"bazaar\" (from the Persian), a fixed \"mercado\" (Spanish), or itinerant \"tianguis\" (Mexico), or \"palengke\" (Philippines).", "Marketplace __knowledge__ Some markets operate daily and are said to be \"permanent\" markets while others are held once a week or on less frequent specified days such as festival days and are said to be \"periodic markets.\"", "Marketplace __knowledge__ The form that a market adopts is depends on its locality's population, culture, ambient and geographic conditions.", "Uber protests and legal actions __knowledge__ Uber Technologies Inc, is an American international transportation network company (TNC) and technology company with subsidiaries in many countries.", "Uber protests and legal actions __knowledge__ Taxi industry groups have argued that TNCs are illegal taxicab operations which take away their business.", "Uber protests and legal actions __knowledge__ Several communities, governments, and organizations have established rules and regulations that specifically govern TNCs and, in some jurisdictions, TNCs are completely illegal to operate.", "Uber protests and legal actions __knowledge__ As of November 2015, Uber was involved in at least 173 lawsuits.", "Uber protests and legal actions __knowledge__ The company has also been criticized for aggression towards local officials and journalists." ] ]

[ 4, 5, 10, 39 ]

[ "I get take out meals very often. So convenient. Apparently everyone thinks so too because the concept dates back to ancient times! ", "Ancient Rome and Ancient Greece would have markets and roadside stalls selling all sorts of food. What exactly I can only imagine. ", "Ha ha! Very true. But Uber Eats won't bring you the sheep's feet street vendors sold in medieval London. Probably a good thing. ", "Me too. All I know is that sheep are even-toed ungulates. So I guess the snack had an even number of sheep toes. " ]

[ "Take-out", "Take-out", "Take-out", "Take-out" ]

[ "Wilderness", "I would love to do something like that, but I don't think I could hike very far. I'm not in the best of shape.", "We do love to go to the lake and hike on the short trails they have. You never know what kind of amazing creatures you might see." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Wilderness __knowledge__ Wilderness or wildland is a natural environment on Earth that has not been significantly modified by human activity.", "Wilderness __knowledge__ It may also be defined as: \"The most intact, undisturbed wild natural areas left on our planet—those last truly wild places that humans do not control and have not developed with roads, pipelines or other industrial infrastructure.\"", "Wilderness __knowledge__ The term is usually limited to terrestrial environments, though the seas and outer space also are little developed by people.", "Wilderness __knowledge__ Recent maps of wilderness suggest it covers roughly one quarter of Earth's terrestrial surface, but is being rapidly degraded by human activity.", "Wilderness __knowledge__ Some governments establish them by law or administrative acts, usually in land tracts that have not been modified by human action in great measure.", "Wilderness __knowledge__ The main feature of them is that human motorized activity is significantly restricted.", "Wilderness __knowledge__ These actions seek not only to preserve what already exists, but also to promote and advance a natural expression and development.", "Wilderness __knowledge__ Wilderness areas can be found in preserves, conservation preserves, National Forests, National Parks and even in urban areas along rivers, gulches or otherwise undeveloped areas.", "Wilderness __knowledge__ These areas are considered important for the survival of certain species, biodiversity, ecological studies, conservation, solitude, and recreation." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Wilderness __knowledge__ Wilderness or wildland is a natural environment on Earth that has not been significantly modified by human activity.", "Wilderness __knowledge__ It may also be defined as: \"The most intact, undisturbed wild natural areas left on our planet—those last truly wild places that humans do not control and have not developed with roads, pipelines or other industrial infrastructure.\"", "Wilderness __knowledge__ The term is usually limited to terrestrial environments, though the seas and outer space also are little developed by people.", "Wilderness __knowledge__ Recent maps of wilderness suggest it covers roughly one quarter of Earth's terrestrial surface, but is being rapidly degraded by human activity.", "Wilderness __knowledge__ Some governments establish them by law or administrative acts, usually in land tracts that have not been modified by human action in great measure.", "Wilderness __knowledge__ The main feature of them is that human motorized activity is significantly restricted.", "Wilderness __knowledge__ These actions seek not only to preserve what already exists, but also to promote and advance a natural expression and development.", "Wilderness __knowledge__ Wilderness areas can be found in preserves, conservation preserves, National Forests, National Parks and even in urban areas along rivers, gulches or otherwise undeveloped areas.", "Wilderness __knowledge__ These areas are considered important for the survival of certain species, biodiversity, ecological studies, conservation, solitude, and recreation.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) is an American media franchise and shared universe that is centered on a series of superhero films, independently produced by Marvel Studios and based on characters that appear in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The franchise has expanded to include comic books, short films, television series, and digital series.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The shared universe, much like the original Marvel Universe in comic books, was established by crossing over common plot elements, settings, cast, and characters.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Phil Coulson, portrayed by Clark Gregg, is an original character to the MCU and the only character to appear across all the different media of the MCU.", "Fluid ounce __knowledge__ A fluid ounce (abbreviated fl oz, fl.", "Fluid ounce __knowledge__ oz.", "Fluid ounce __knowledge__ or oz.", "Fluid ounce __knowledge__ fl., old forms ℥, fl ℥, f℥, ƒ ℥) is a unit of volume (also called capacity) typically used for measuring liquids.", "Fluid ounce __knowledge__ Various definitions have been used throughout history, but only two are still in common use: the British Imperial and the United States customary fluid ounce.", "Fluid ounce __knowledge__ An imperial fluid ounce is of an imperial pint, of an imperial gallon or approximately 28.4 ml.", "Fluid ounce __knowledge__ A US fluid ounce is of a US fluid pint and of a US liquid gallon or approximately 29.57 ml, making it about 4% larger than the imperial fluid ounce.", "Fluid ounce __knowledge__ The fluid ounce is distinct from the ounce as a unit of weight or mass, although it is sometimes referred to simply as an \"ounce\" where context makes the meaning clear, such as ounces in a bottle.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "List of unusual units of measurement __knowledge__ An unusual unit of measurement is a unit of measurement that does not form part of a coherent system of measurement; especially in that its exact quantity may not be well known or that it may be an inconvenient multiple or fraction of base units in such systems.", "List of unusual units of measurement __knowledge__ This definition is deliberately not exact since it might seem to encompass units such as the week or the light-year which are quite \"usual\" in the sense they are often used; if they are used out of context, they may be \"unusual\", as demonstrated by the Furlong/Firkin/Fortnight (FFF) system of units.", "List of unusual units of measurement __knowledge__ Many of the unusual units of measurements listed here are colloquial measurements, units devised to compare a measurement to common and familiar objects.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters from Happy Tree Friends.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ There are 27 main characters, and some other supporting characters.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ To celebrate the 10th anniversary of the series in 2010, the creators of the show announced that there would be one more character added to Happy Tree Friends in the near future.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ The candidates were a sheep/lamb named Lammy and a pig named Truffles.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ The voting took place during the month of March 2010, and the winner was Lammy, who have featured in most of the latest episodes.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ Even though Truffles lost the vote, he still cameos in some episodes.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ Cuddles is a laser yellow male rabbit with pink cheeks, or a blush along with pink bunny slippers.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Pet Sounds is the eleventh studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released on May 16, 1966.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ It initially met with a lukewarm critical and commercial response in the United States, peaking at number 10 in the \"Billboard\" 200, a significantly lower placement than the band's preceding albums.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the album was hailed by its music press and was an immediate commercial success, peaking at number 2 in the UK Top 40 Albums Chart and remaining among the top ten positions for six months.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Originally promoted as \"the most progressive pop album ever\", \"Pet Sounds\" attracted recognition for its ambitious recording and unusually sophisticated music, and is widely considered to be one of the most influential albums in music history.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants Inc. is an American video game developer founded in 1994 by special-effects and computer-animation veterans Sherry McKenna and Lorne Lanning.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The company is primarily known for the incomplete \"Oddworld Quintology\", a series of award-winning video games about the fictional planet of Oddworld and its native creatures.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The series debuted with \"\" in 1997 and continued with \"\" in 2001 but the studio has also developed standalone titles \"\" in 1998 and \"\" in 2005.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants took a break from game development for a time following the release of \"Stranger's Wrath\", even though it had already begun preliminary work on its next Oddworld title, \"The Brutal Ballad of Fangus Klot\".", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The Appalachian National Scenic Trail, generally known as the Appalachian Trail or simply the A.T., is a marked hiking trail in the Eastern United States extending between Springer Mountain in Georgia and Mount Katahdin in Maine.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The trail is estimated around 2,200 miles (3,500 km) long, though the exact length changes over time as parts are modified or rerouted.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The Appalachian Trail Conservancy claims that the Appalachian Trail is the longest hiking-only trail in the world.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ More than 2 million people are said to take a hike on part of the trail at least once each year.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The idea of the Appalachian Trail came about in 1921.", "Kings Canyon National Park __knowledge__ Kings Canyon National Park is a national park in the southern Sierra Nevada, in Fresno and Tulare Counties, California in the United States.", "Kings Canyon National Park __knowledge__ Originally established in 1890 as General Grant National Park, it was greatly expanded and renamed to Kings Canyon National Park on March 4, 1940.", "Kings Canyon National Park __knowledge__ Its namesake, Kings Canyon, is a rugged glacier-carved valley more than a mile (1,600 m) deep; the park also includes multiple peaks, high mountain meadows, swift-flowing rivers, and some of the world's largest stands of giant sequoia trees.", "Kings Canyon National Park __knowledge__ Kings Canyon is north of and contiguous with Sequoia National Park, and the two are jointly administered by the National Park Service as the Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks.", "Robert Sterling Yard __knowledge__ Robert Sterling Yard (February 1, 1861 – May 17, 1945) was an American writer, journalist, and wilderness activist.", "Robert Sterling Yard __knowledge__ Born in Haverstraw, New York, Yard graduated from Princeton University and spent the first twenty years of his career in the editing and publishing business.", "Robert Sterling Yard __knowledge__ In 1915, he was recruited by his friend Stephen Mather to help publicize the need for an independent national park agency.", "Robert Sterling Yard __knowledge__ Their numerous publications were part of a movement that resulted in legislative support for a National Park Service (NPS) in 1916.", "Robert Sterling Yard __knowledge__ Yard served as head of the National Parks Educational Committee for several years after its conception, but tension within the NPS led him to concentrate on non-government initiatives.", "Bob Marshall (wilderness activist) __knowledge__ Robert \"Bob\" Marshall (January 2, 1901November 11, 1939) was an American forester, writer and wilderness activist who is best remembered as the person who spearheaded the 1935 founding of the Wilderness Society in the United States.", "Bob Marshall (wilderness activist) __knowledge__ Marshall developed a love for the outdoors as a young child.", "Bob Marshall (wilderness activist) __knowledge__ He was an avid hiker and climber who visited the Adirondack Mountains frequently during his youth, ultimately becoming one of the first Adirondack Forty-Sixers.", "Bob Marshall (wilderness activist) __knowledge__ He also traveled to the Brooks Range of the far northern Alaskan wilderness.", "Bob Marshall (wilderness activist) __knowledge__ He wrote numerous articles and books about his travels, including the bestselling 1933 book \"Arctic Village.\"", "Lassen National Forest __knowledge__ Lassen National Forest is a United States national forest of 1,700 square miles (4,300 km) in northeastern California.", "Lassen National Forest __knowledge__ It is named after pioneer Peter Lassen, who mined, ranched and promoted the area to emigrant parties in the 1850s.", "Lassen National Forest __knowledge__ Animals that are typically found in this forest are black bear, raccoon, coyote, bobcat, fox, mule deer, skunk, marten, cougar, brown creeper, a variety of chipmunk species, mountain chickadee, a variety of squirrel species, white-headed woodpecker, weasel, a variety of mouse species, long-toed salamander, and a wide variety of bat species.", "Lassen National Forest __knowledge__ In 2017, three wolf pups were born in this forest.", "Sam Houston National Forest __knowledge__ The Sam Houston National Forest, one of four National Forests in Texas, is located 50 miles north of Houston.", "Sam Houston National Forest __knowledge__ The forest is administered together with the other three United States National Forests and two National Grasslands located entirely in Texas, from common offices in Lufkin, Texas.", "Sam Houston National Forest __knowledge__ The units include Angelina, Davy Crockett, Sabine, and Sam Houston National Forests, plus Caddo National Grassland and Lyndon B. Johnson National Grassland.", "Sam Houston National Forest __knowledge__ There are local ranger district offices located in New Waverly.", "Sam Houston National Forest __knowledge__ Summers in the Sam Houston National Forest are hot and humid and winters generally are short and mild." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Wilderness __knowledge__ Wilderness or wildland is a natural environment on Earth that has not been significantly modified by human activity.", "Wilderness __knowledge__ It may also be defined as: \"The most intact, undisturbed wild natural areas left on our planet—those last truly wild places that humans do not control and have not developed with roads, pipelines or other industrial infrastructure.\"", "Wilderness __knowledge__ The term is usually limited to terrestrial environments, though the seas and outer space also are little developed by people.", "Wilderness __knowledge__ Recent maps of wilderness suggest it covers roughly one quarter of Earth's terrestrial surface, but is being rapidly degraded by human activity.", "Wilderness __knowledge__ Some governments establish them by law or administrative acts, usually in land tracts that have not been modified by human action in great measure.", "Wilderness __knowledge__ The main feature of them is that human motorized activity is significantly restricted.", "Wilderness __knowledge__ These actions seek not only to preserve what already exists, but also to promote and advance a natural expression and development.", "Wilderness __knowledge__ Wilderness areas can be found in preserves, conservation preserves, National Forests, National Parks and even in urban areas along rivers, gulches or otherwise undeveloped areas.", "Wilderness __knowledge__ These areas are considered important for the survival of certain species, biodiversity, ecological studies, conservation, solitude, and recreation.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters from Happy Tree Friends.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ There are 27 main characters, and some other supporting characters.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ To celebrate the 10th anniversary of the series in 2010, the creators of the show announced that there would be one more character added to Happy Tree Friends in the near future.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ The candidates were a sheep/lamb named Lammy and a pig named Truffles.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ The voting took place during the month of March 2010, and the winner was Lammy, who have featured in most of the latest episodes.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ Even though Truffles lost the vote, he still cameos in some episodes.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ Cuddles is a laser yellow male rabbit with pink cheeks, or a blush along with pink bunny slippers.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ This article is about the characters in Brian Jacques' fantasy series \"Redwall\".", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the Abbey Warriors from the books \"The Legend of Luke\" to \"Eulalia!\".", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Martin I is an anthropomorphic mouse, appearing in the \"Redwall\" series by Brian Jacques.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Known as \"Martin the Warrior\" throughout the Redwall series, Martin, a woodland mouse, is the son of Luke the Warrior and his mate Sayna.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Luke is the kindly leader of an idyllic tribe of mice.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Their settlement is sacked by a wicked stoat pirate named Vilu Daskar, and Sayna is killed.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Luke vows revenge against the corsair captain and sets out after him, refusing Martin's wishes to join him, but leaving his sword in his son's possession.", "California Trail __knowledge__ The California Trail was an emigrant trail of about across the western half of the North American continent from Missouri River towns to what is now the state of California.", "California Trail __knowledge__ After it was established, the first half of the California Trail followed the same corridor of networked river valley trails as the Oregon Trail and the Mormon Trail, namely the valleys of the Platte, North Platte and Sweetwater rivers to Wyoming.", "California Trail __knowledge__ In the present states of Wyoming, Idaho, and Utah, the California and Oregon trails split into several different trails or cutoffs.", "California Trail __knowledge__ By 1847, two former fur trading frontier forts marked trailheads for major alternative routes through Utah and Wyoming to Northern California.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "List of Deltora Quest characters __knowledge__ The \"Deltora\" series features a wide line of characters, both important and minor.", "List of Deltora Quest characters __knowledge__ The series also features many different monsters and creatures that appeared in all of the many different books.", "List of Deltora Quest characters __knowledge__ This article is a list of the many different characters and creatures that have appeared in the Deltora series.", "List of Deltora Quest characters __knowledge__ Lief was raised as a blacksmith's son in the run-down city of Del after the invasion.", "List of Deltora Quest characters __knowledge__ Hot-headed and impatient at the start of the series, all he wanted to do was go out and explore the city.", "List of Deltora Quest characters __knowledge__ On the night of his sixteenth birthday, he leaves on his father's quest to restore the Belt of Deltora, the only thing that can save their land and the heir from the tyranny of the Shadow Lord.", "Electric bicycle laws __knowledge__ Many countries have enacted electric bicycle laws to regulate the use of electric bicycles.", "Electric bicycle laws __knowledge__ Countries such as the United States and Canada have federal regulations governing the safety requirements and standards of manufacture.", "Electric bicycle laws __knowledge__ Other countries like the signatories of the European Union have agreed to wider-ranging legislation covering use and safety of their term EPAC (electric pedal-assisted cycles).", "Electric bicycle laws __knowledge__ However, confusion remains regarding the various laws involving electric bicycles.", "Electric bicycle laws __knowledge__ This stems from the fact that while some countries have national regulations, the legality of road use is left to states and provinces, and then complicated further by municipal laws and restrictions.", "Trail __knowledge__ A trail is usually a path, track or unpaved lane or road.", "Trail __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland path or footpath is the preferred term for a walking trail.", "Trail __knowledge__ The term is also applied, in North America, to routes along rivers, and sometimes to highways.", "Trail __knowledge__ In the US, the term was historically used for a route into or through wild territory used by emigrants (e.g.", "Trail __knowledge__ the Oregon Trail).", "Trail __knowledge__ Some trails are single use and can only be used for walking, cycling, horse riding, snowshoeing, and cross-country skiing; others, as in the case of a bridleway in the UK, are multi-use, and can be used by walkers, cyclists and equestrians.", "Bicycle and motorcycle dynamics __knowledge__ Bicycle and motorcycle dynamics is the science of the motion of bicycles and motorcycles and their components, due to the forces acting on them.", "Bicycle and motorcycle dynamics __knowledge__ Dynamics falls under a branch of physics known as classical mechanics.", "Bicycle and motorcycle dynamics __knowledge__ Bike motions of interest include balancing, steering, braking, accelerating, suspension activation, and vibration.", "Bicycle and motorcycle dynamics __knowledge__ The study of these motions began in the late 19th century and continues today.", "Bicycle and motorcycle dynamics __knowledge__ Bicycles and motorcycles are both single-track vehicles and so their motions have many fundamental attributes in common and are fundamentally different from and more difficult to study than other wheeled vehicles such as dicycles, tricycles, and quadracycles.", "Cycling __knowledge__ Cycling, also called bicycling or biking, is the use of bicycles for transport, recreation, exercise or sport.", "Cycling __knowledge__ People engaged in cycling are referred to as \"cyclists\", \"bikers\", or less commonly, as \"bicyclists\".", "Cycling __knowledge__ Apart from two-wheeled bicycles, \"cycling\" also includes the riding of unicycles, tricycles, quadracycles, recumbent and similar human-powered vehicles (HPVs).", "Cycling __knowledge__ Bicycles were introduced in the 19th century and now number approximately one billion worldwide.", "Cycling __knowledge__ They are the principal means of transportation in many parts of the world.", "Cycling __knowledge__ Cycling is widely regarded as a very effective and efficient mode of transportation optimal for short to moderate distances.", "Oregon Trail __knowledge__ The Oregon Trail is a historic east–west, large-wheeled wagon route and emigrant trail in the United States that connected the Missouri River to valleys in Oregon.", "Oregon Trail __knowledge__ The eastern part of the Oregon Trail spanned part of the future state of Kansas, and nearly all of what are now the states of Nebraska and Wyoming.", "Oregon Trail __knowledge__ The western half of the trail spanned most of the future states of Idaho and Oregon.", "Oregon Trail __knowledge__ The Oregon Trail was laid by fur traders and traders from about 1811 to 1840, and was only passable on foot or by horseback.", "Oregon Trail __knowledge__ By 1836, when the first migrant wagon train was organized in Independence, Missouri, a wagon trail had been cleared to Fort Hall, Idaho.", "Cycling infrastructure __knowledge__ Cycling infrastructure refers to all infrastructure which may be used by cyclists.", "Cycling infrastructure __knowledge__ This includes the same network of roads and streets used by motorists, except those roads from which cyclists have been banned (e.g., many freeways/motorways), plus additional bikeways that are not available to motor vehicles, such as bike paths, bike lanes, cycle tracks and, where permitted, sidewalks, plus amenities like bike racks for parking and specialized traffic signs and signals.", "Cycling infrastructure __knowledge__ Cycling modal share is strongly associated with the size of local cycling infrastructure.", "Cycling infrastructure __knowledge__ The manner in which the public road network is designed, built and managed can have a significant effect on the utility and safety of cycling." ] ]

[ 8, 6, 1 ]

[ "I just got back from hiking on a wilderness trail! They're typically found in National Forests and National Parks", "Maybe you could find a short trail somewhere - but you do have to walk or ride a bike since motorized activity is significantly restricted.", "That's true! And it is interesting that the wilderness is one of Earth's natural environments that hasn't been modified by humans!" ]

[ "Wilderness", "Wilderness", "Wilderness" ]

[ "Guitar\nI love my new electric guitar, I rock out every day since getting it. ", "I love him, he's one of the all time greats; its too bad he was here for such a short time.", "Yeah, he could have written so many more great songs, its a real shame. ", "From my father, he taught me at a young age how to play and have love it ever since.", "yes, there are, each has a distinct sound to it when played." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a fretted musical instrument that usually has six strings.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The sound is projected either acoustically, using a hollow wooden or plastic and wood box (for an acoustic guitar), or through electrical amplifier and a speaker (for an electric guitar).", "Guitar __knowledge__ It is typically played by strumming or plucking the strings with the fingers, thumb or fingernails of the right hand or with a pick while fretting (or pressing against the frets) the strings with the fingers of the left hand.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a type of chordophone, traditionally constructed from wood and strung with either gut, nylon or steel strings and distinguished from other chordophones by its construction and tuning.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The modern guitar was preceded by the gittern, the vihuela, the four-course Renaissance guitar, and the five-course baroque guitar, all of which contributed to the development of the modern six-string instrument.", "Guitar __knowledge__ There are three main types of modern acoustic guitar: the classical guitar (nylon-string guitar), the steel-string acoustic guitar, and the archtop guitar, which is sometimes called a \"jazz guitar\".", "Guitar __knowledge__ The tone of an acoustic guitar is produced by the strings' vibration, amplified by the hollow body of the guitar, which acts as a resonating chamber.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ An electric guitar is a guitar that uses one or more pickups to convert the vibration of its strings into electrical signals.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ The vibration occurs when a guitarist strums, plucks, fingerpicks, or taps the strings.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ The pickup used to sense the vibration generally uses electromagnetic induction to do so, though other technologies exist.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ In any case, the signal generated by an electric guitar is too weak to drive a loudspeaker, so it is sent to a guitar amplifier before being sent to the speaker, which converts it into audible sound.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ Since the output of an electric guitar is an electric signal, it can be electronically altered by to change the timbre of the sound.", "Bass amplifier __knowledge__ A bass amplifier or \"bass amp\" is a musical instrument electronic device that uses electrical power to make lower-pitched instruments such as the bass guitar or double bass loud enough to be heard by the performers and audience.", "Bass amplifier __knowledge__ Bass amps typically consist of a preamplifier, tone controls, a power amplifier and one or more loudspeakers (\"drivers\") in a cabinet.", "Bass amplifier __knowledge__ While bass amps share many features with the guitar amplifiers used for electric guitar, such as providing an amplifier with tone and volume controls and a carrying handle, they are distinct from other types of amplification systems, due to the particular challenges associated with low-frequency sound reproduction.", "Jimi Hendrix __knowledge__ James Marshall \"Jimi\" Hendrix (born Johnny Allen Hendrix; November 27, 1942 – September 18, 1970) was an American rock guitarist, singer, and songwriter.", "Jimi Hendrix __knowledge__ Although his mainstream career spanned only four years, he is widely regarded as one of the most influential electric guitarists in the history of popular music, and one of the most celebrated musicians of the 20th century.", "Jimi Hendrix __knowledge__ The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame describes him as \"arguably the greatest instrumentalist in the history of rock music\".", "Jimi Hendrix __knowledge__ Born in Seattle, Washington, Hendrix began playing guitar at the age of 15.", "Jimi Hendrix __knowledge__ In 1961, he enlisted in the U.S. Army and trained as a paratrooper in the 101st Airborne Division; he was granted an honorable discharge the following year.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ Folk rock is a music genre combining elements of folk music and rock music.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ In its earliest and narrowest sense, the term referred to a genre that arose in the United States and the United Kingdom around the mid-1960s.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ The genre emerged from bands such as the Beatles, the Searchers, and the Animals in the UK, and Bob Dylan and the Byrds in the US, who played traditional folk music and songs with rock instrumentation.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ The term \"folk rock\" is first noted as being used by the U.S. music press in June 1965 to describe the Byrds' music; the band's debut album was released the same month.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ The commercial success of the Byrds' 1965 cover version of Dylan's \"Mr. Tambourine Man\", along with Dylan's own recordings with rock instrumentation—on the albums \"Bringing It All Back Home\" (1965), \"Highway 61 Revisited\" (1965), and \"Blonde on Blonde\" (1966)—encouraged the creation of folk rock groups in the mid-1960s.", "Grunge __knowledge__ Grunge (sometimes referred to as the Seattle sound) is a subgenre of alternative rock and a subculture that emerged during the in the Pacific Northwest U.S. state of Washington, particularly in Seattle and nearby towns.", "Grunge __knowledge__ The early grunge movement revolved around Seattle's independent record label Sub Pop and that region's underground music scene.", "Grunge __knowledge__ By the early 1990s its popularity had spread, with grunge bands appearing in California, then emerging in other parts of the United States and in Australia, building strong followings and signing major record deals.", "Grunge __knowledge__ Grunge was commercially successful in the early–mid 1990s, due to releases such as Nirvana's \"Nevermind\", Pearl Jam's \"Ten\", Soundgarden's \"Superunknown\", Alice in Chains' \"Dirt\" and Stone Temple Pilots' \"Core\".", "Tim Brady __knowledge__ Timothy Wesley John Brady (born 11 July 1956) is a Canadian composer, electric guitarist, improvising musician, concert producer, record producer and cultural activist.", "Tim Brady __knowledge__ Working in the field of contemporary classical music, experimental music, and \"musique actuelle\", his compositions utilize a variety of styles from serialism to minimalism and often incorporate modern instruments such as electric guitars and other electroacoustic instruments.", "Tim Brady __knowledge__ His music is marked by a synthesis of musical languages, having developed an ability to use elements of many musical styles while retaining a strong sense of personal expression." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a fretted musical instrument that usually has six strings.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The sound is projected either acoustically, using a hollow wooden or plastic and wood box (for an acoustic guitar), or through electrical amplifier and a speaker (for an electric guitar).", "Guitar __knowledge__ It is typically played by strumming or plucking the strings with the fingers, thumb or fingernails of the right hand or with a pick while fretting (or pressing against the frets) the strings with the fingers of the left hand.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a type of chordophone, traditionally constructed from wood and strung with either gut, nylon or steel strings and distinguished from other chordophones by its construction and tuning.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The modern guitar was preceded by the gittern, the vihuela, the four-course Renaissance guitar, and the five-course baroque guitar, all of which contributed to the development of the modern six-string instrument.", "Guitar __knowledge__ There are three main types of modern acoustic guitar: the classical guitar (nylon-string guitar), the steel-string acoustic guitar, and the archtop guitar, which is sometimes called a \"jazz guitar\".", "Guitar __knowledge__ The tone of an acoustic guitar is produced by the strings' vibration, amplified by the hollow body of the guitar, which acts as a resonating chamber.", "Novak Djokovic __knowledge__ Novak Djokovic (, ; born 22 May 1987) is a Serbian professional tennis player who is currently ranked world No.", "Novak Djokovic __knowledge__ 14 in men's singles tennis by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP).", "Novak Djokovic __knowledge__ Djokovic has won 12 Grand Slam singles titles, five ATP Finals titles, 30 Masters 1000 series titles, 12 ATP World Tour 500 tournaments, and has held the No.", "Novak Djokovic __knowledge__ 1 spot in the ATP rankings for a total of 223 weeks.", "Novak Djokovic __knowledge__ In majors, Djokovic has won six Australian Open titles, three Wimbledon titles, two US Open titles and one French Open title.", "Novak Djokovic __knowledge__ In 2016, he became the eighth player in history to achieve the Career Grand Slam.", "Tom Cashman __knowledge__ Thomas \"Tom\" Cashman (born 28 August 1957) is an Irish retired hurler who played as a left wing-back for the Cork senior team.", "Tom Cashman __knowledge__ Born in Blackrock, Cork, Cashman first played competitive Gaelic games whilst at school in the North Monastery.", "Tom Cashman __knowledge__ He arrived on the inter-county scene at the age of sixteen when he first linked up with the Cork minor teams as a dual player, before later lining out with the under-21 side.", "Tom Cashman __knowledge__ He made his senior debut in the 1977 championship.", "Tom Cashman __knowledge__ Cunningham went on to play a key part for over a decade, and won four All-Ireland medals, eight Munster medals and two National Hurling League medals.", "Mark Ella __knowledge__ Mark Gordon Ella, AM (born 5 June 1959) is an Australian former rugby union player, often considered as one of his country's all-time greats in that sport.", "Mark Ella __knowledge__ In a relatively short career (he retired in 1984, aged 25), Mark Ella established himself as one of the all-time greats in world rugby union.", "Mark Ella __knowledge__ He and his brothers Glen (his twin) and Gary were educated at Matraville High School, where they learned to play rugby.", "Mark Ella __knowledge__ All three went on to play for the Australia national team.", "Mark Ella __knowledge__ Mark also played for Randwick and New South Wales domestically.", "Mark Ella __knowledge__ Bob Dwyer, former coach of the Wallabies, in his first autobiography \"The Winning Way\", claimed Ella to be one of the five most accomplished Australian players he had ever seen.", "Gary Payton __knowledge__ Gary Dwayne Payton (born July 23, 1968) is an American former professional basketball player.", "Gary Payton __knowledge__ He started at the point guard position.", "Gary Payton __knowledge__ He is best known for his 13-year tenure with the Seattle SuperSonics, and holds Seattle franchise records in points, assists, and steals.", "Gary Payton __knowledge__ He also played with the Milwaukee Bucks, Los Angeles Lakers, Boston Celtics and Miami Heat, the last with whom he won an NBA championship.", "Gary Payton __knowledge__ He was nicknamed \"The Glove\" for his excellent defensive ability.", "Gary Payton __knowledge__ He was inducted into the Naismith Basketball Hall of Fame on September 8, 2013.", "Gary Payton __knowledge__ Payton is widely considered one of the best point guards of all time and is the only point guard that has won the NBA Defensive Player of the Year award.", "Tommy Walsh (Tullaroan hurler) __knowledge__ Thomas \"Tommy\" Walsh (born 27 May 1983) is an Irish hurler who played as a right wing-back for the Kilkenny senior team.", "Tommy Walsh (Tullaroan hurler) __knowledge__ Born in Tullaroan, County Kilkenny, Walsh first played competitive hurling during his schooling at St. Kieran's College.", "Tommy Walsh (Tullaroan hurler) __knowledge__ He arrived on the inter-county scene at the age of seventeen when he first linked up with the Kilkenny minor team, before later joining the under-21 side.", "Tommy Walsh (Tullaroan hurler) __knowledge__ He joined the senior panel during the 2002 championship.", "Tommy Walsh (Tullaroan hurler) __knowledge__ Walsh became a regular member of the starting fifteen the following year, and won nine All-Ireland medals (two as a non-playing substitute), ten Leinster medals and seven National League medals.", "Don Budge __knowledge__ John Donald (\"Don\" or \"Donnie\") Budge (June 13, 1915 – January 26, 2000) was an American tennis champion who was a World No.", "Don Budge __knowledge__ 1 player for five years, first as an amateur and then as a professional.", "Don Budge __knowledge__ He is most famous as the first player, male or female, and only American male to win in a single year the four tournaments that comprise the Grand Slam of tennis and second male player to win all four Grand Slams in his career after Fred Perry, and is still the youngest to achieve that feat.", "Don Budge __knowledge__ He won 10 majors, of which six were Grand Slams (consecutively, male record) and four Pro Slams, the latter achieved on three different surfaces.", "Angela Downey __knowledge__ Angela Downey-Browne (born 1957, Kilkenny) is a retired Irish sportsperson.", "Angela Downey __knowledge__ She played camogie at various times with her local clubs, St Paul's camogie club based in Kilkenny city and Lisdowney, and was a member of the Kilkenny senior inter-county team from 1970 until 1994.", "Angela Downey __knowledge__ Downey is regarded as the greatest player in the history of the game.", "Angela Downey __knowledge__ Downey's reputation as one of the all-time greats of camogie is self-evident.", "Angela Downey __knowledge__ In a senior inter-county career that lasted for a quarter of a century she won twelve All-Ireland medals, thirteen Leinster medals and eight National League medals.", "Angela Downey __knowledge__ With her two clubs St. Paul's and Lisdowney she collected a huge haul of twenty-two county titles and six All-Ireland club medals.", "Jimi Hendrix __knowledge__ James Marshall \"Jimi\" Hendrix (born Johnny Allen Hendrix; November 27, 1942 – September 18, 1970) was an American rock guitarist, singer, and songwriter.", "Jimi Hendrix __knowledge__ Although his mainstream career spanned only four years, he is widely regarded as one of the most influential electric guitarists in the history of popular music, and one of the most celebrated musicians of the 20th century.", "Jimi Hendrix __knowledge__ The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame describes him as \"arguably the greatest instrumentalist in the history of rock music\".", "Jimi Hendrix __knowledge__ Born in Seattle, Washington, Hendrix began playing guitar at the age of 15.", "Jimi Hendrix __knowledge__ In 1961, he enlisted in the U.S. Army and trained as a paratrooper in the 101st Airborne Division; he was granted an honorable discharge the following year.", "Are You Experienced __knowledge__ Are You Experienced is the debut studio album by English-American rock band the Jimi Hendrix Experience.", "Are You Experienced __knowledge__ Released in 1967, the LP was an immediate critical and commercial success, and it is widely regarded as one of the greatest debuts in the history of rock music.", "Are You Experienced __knowledge__ The album features Jimi Hendrix's innovative approach to songwriting and electric guitar playing which soon established a new direction in psychedelic and hard rock music.", "Are You Experienced __knowledge__ By mid-1966, Hendrix was struggling to earn a living playing the R&B circuit as a backing guitarist.", "Are You Experienced __knowledge__ After being referred to Chas Chandler, who was leaving the Animals and interested in managing and producing artists, Hendrix was signed to a management and production contract with Chandler and ex-Animals manager Michael Jeffery.", "Death of Jimi Hendrix __knowledge__ On September 18, 1970, the American musician Jimi Hendrix died in London, aged 27 years.", "Death of Jimi Hendrix __knowledge__ One of the most influential guitarists of the 1960s, he was described by the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as \"arguably the greatest instrumentalist in the history of rock music.\"", "Death of Jimi Hendrix __knowledge__ For some days Hendrix had been in poor health, due in part to fatigue caused by overworking, a chronic lack of sleep, and an illness assumed to be influenza-related.", "Death of Jimi Hendrix __knowledge__ Insecurities about his personal relationships and disillusionment with the music industry had also contributed to his frustration.", "Death of Jimi Hendrix __knowledge__ Although the details of his final hours and death are disputed, Hendrix spent much of his last day with Monika Dannemann.", "Buddy Miles __knowledge__ George Allen \"Buddy\" Miles Jr. (September 5, 1947 – February 26, 2008), was an American rock drummer, vocalist, composer, and producer.", "Buddy Miles __knowledge__ He was a founding member of The Electric Flag (1967), a member of Jimi Hendrix's Band of Gypsys (1969–1970), founder and leader of the Buddy Miles Express and later, the Buddy Miles Band.", "Buddy Miles __knowledge__ In addition to Jimi Hendrix, Miles played and recorded with Carlos Santana, Mike Bloomfield, and others.", "Buddy Miles __knowledge__ In a lighter vein, he sang lead vocals on the popular \"California Raisins\" claymation TV commercials and recorded two California Raisins R&B albums.", "Buddy Miles __knowledge__ Miles was born in Omaha, Nebraska on September 5, 1947.", "Band of Gypsys __knowledge__ Band of Gypsys is a live album by Jimi Hendrix and the first without his original group, the Jimi Hendrix Experience.", "Band of Gypsys __knowledge__ It was recorded on January 1, 1970, at the Fillmore East in New York City with Billy Cox on bass and Buddy Miles on drums, frequently referred to as the Band of Gypsys.", "Band of Gypsys __knowledge__ The album mixes funk and rhythm and blues elements with hard rock and jamming, an approach which later became the basis of funk rock.", "Band of Gypsys __knowledge__ It contains previously unreleased songs and was the last full-length Hendrix album released before his death.", "Band of Gypsys __knowledge__ After his appearance at Woodstock with an interim group that included Cox, Hendrix began developing new songs and recording demos.", "Eddie Kramer __knowledge__ Edwin H. \"Eddie\" Kramer (born 19 April 1942 in Cape Town, South Africa) is a recording producer and engineer.", "Eddie Kramer __knowledge__ Kramer has collaborated with several artists now in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, including the Beatles, David Bowie, Eric Clapton, Jimi Hendrix, The Kinks, Kiss, Led Zeppelin, the Rolling Stones and Carlos Santana.", "Eddie Kramer __knowledge__ Kramer has engineered and/or produced records for other well-known artists in various genres.", "Eddie Kramer __knowledge__ They include Anthrax, Joe Cocker, Loudness, Peter Frampton, John Mayall, Ten Years After, Mott the Hoople, John Sebastian, Carly Simon, Dionne Warwick, Small Faces, Sir Lord Baltimore and Whitesnake.", "Little Wing __knowledge__ \"Little Wing\" is a song written by Jimi Hendrix and recorded by the Jimi Hendrix Experience in 1967.", "Little Wing __knowledge__ It is a slower tempo, rhythm and blues-inspired ballad featuring Hendrix's vocal and guitar with recording studio effects accompanied by bass, drums, and glockenspiel.", "Little Wing __knowledge__ Lyrically, it is one of several of his songs that reference an idealized feminine or guardian angel-like figure.", "Little Wing __knowledge__ At about two and a half minutes in length, it is one of his most concise and melodically-focused pieces.", "Little Wing __knowledge__ The origins of \"Little Wing\" have been traced back to the 1966 recording of \"(My Girl) She's a Fox\", an R&B song which features Hendrix playing Curtis Mayfield-influenced guitar accompaniment." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a fretted musical instrument that usually has six strings.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The sound is projected either acoustically, using a hollow wooden or plastic and wood box (for an acoustic guitar), or through electrical amplifier and a speaker (for an electric guitar).", "Guitar __knowledge__ It is typically played by strumming or plucking the strings with the fingers, thumb or fingernails of the right hand or with a pick while fretting (or pressing against the frets) the strings with the fingers of the left hand.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a type of chordophone, traditionally constructed from wood and strung with either gut, nylon or steel strings and distinguished from other chordophones by its construction and tuning.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The modern guitar was preceded by the gittern, the vihuela, the four-course Renaissance guitar, and the five-course baroque guitar, all of which contributed to the development of the modern six-string instrument.", "Guitar __knowledge__ There are three main types of modern acoustic guitar: the classical guitar (nylon-string guitar), the steel-string acoustic guitar, and the archtop guitar, which is sometimes called a \"jazz guitar\".", "Guitar __knowledge__ The tone of an acoustic guitar is produced by the strings' vibration, amplified by the hollow body of the guitar, which acts as a resonating chamber.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Confessions is the fourth studio album by American singer Usher.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ It was released on March 23, 2004, by Arista Records.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Recording sessions for the album took place during 2003 to 2004, with its production handled by his longtime collaborator Jermaine Dupri, along with Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis and Lil Jon, among others.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Primarily an R&B album, \"Confessions\" showcases Usher as a crooner through a mixture of ballads and up-tempos, incorporating musical genres of dance-pop, hip hop and crunk.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ The album's themes generated controversy about Usher's personal relationships; however, the album's primary producer Jermaine Dupri claimed the album reflects Dupri's own personal story.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "John Mellencamp __knowledge__ John J Mellencamp (born October 7, 1951), previously known as Johnny Cougar, John Cougar, and John Cougar Mellencamp, is an American musician, singer-songwriter, painter, and actor.", "John Mellencamp __knowledge__ He is known for his catchy, populist brand of heartland rock, which emphasizes traditional instrumentation.", "John Mellencamp __knowledge__ Mellencamp rose to fame in the 1980s while \"honing an almost startlingly plainspoken writing style that, starting in 1982, yielded a string of Top 10 singles\", including \"Hurts So Good\", \"Jack & Diane\", \"Crumblin' Down\", \"Pink Houses\", \"Lonely Ol' Night\", \"Small Town\", \"R.O.C.K.", "John Mellencamp __knowledge__ in the U.S.A.\", \"Paper in Fire\", and \"Cherry Bomb\".", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ is a song by American singer Usher.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ He co-wrote the song with Sean Garrett, Patrick J. Que Smith, Robert McDowell, LRoc, Ludacris, Da'Ron, and Lil Jon.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ It also features guest vocals from Lil Jon and Ludacris, with the former also producing the song as well as incorporating crunk and R&B—which he coined as crunk&B—in the song's production.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was released as the lead single from Usher's fourth studio album \"Confessions\" (2004) on January 27, 2004, after Usher was told by Arista Records, his label at the time, to record more tracks for the album.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ topped the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart for 12 consecutive weeks, before being dethroned by Usher's follow-up single \"Burn\".", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ Usher Raymond IV (born October 14, 1978), is an American singer, songwriter, dancer and actor.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He was born in Dallas, Texas, but raised in Chattanooga, Tennessee until moving to Atlanta, Georgia.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ At the age of 12, his mother put him in local singing competitions, before catching the attention of a music A&R from LaFace Records.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ In 1994, he released his self-titled debut album, \"Usher\".", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He rose to fame in the late 1990s with the release of his second album \"My Way\" (1997), which spawned his first U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 number-one single, \"Nice & Slow\", amongst top-two singles \"You Make Me Wanna...\" and \"My Way\".", "The Appeal: Georgia's Most Wanted __knowledge__ The Appeal: Georgia's Most Wanted is the seventh studio album by American rapper Gucci Mane.", "The Appeal: Georgia's Most Wanted __knowledge__ It was released on September 28, 2010, by 1017 Brick Squad Records, Warner Bros. Records and Asylum Records.", "The Appeal: Georgia's Most Wanted __knowledge__ It serves as a sequel to his previous studio release \"The State vs. Radric Davis\" (2009), which was released after the Atlanta rapper's incarceration from prison.", "The Appeal: Georgia's Most Wanted __knowledge__ The album debuted at number 4 on the US \"Billboard\" 200, with first-week sales of 61,450 copies; it has sold an estimated 169,500 copies as of the week ending of August 21, 2011.", "The Appeal: Georgia's Most Wanted __knowledge__ In November 2009, Gucci Mane was sentenced to 12 months' imprisonment in Georgia's Fulton County Jail.", "Woody Guthrie Folk Festival __knowledge__ The Woody Guthrie Folk Festival is held annually in mid-July to commemorate the life and music of Woody Guthrie.", "Woody Guthrie Folk Festival __knowledge__ The festival is held on the weekend closest to July 14 - the date of Guthrie's birth - in Guthrie's hometown of Okemah, Oklahoma.", "Woody Guthrie Folk Festival __knowledge__ Daytime main stage performances are held indoors at the Brick Street Cafe and the Crystal Theatre.", "Woody Guthrie Folk Festival __knowledge__ Evening main stage performances are held outdoors at the Pastures of Plenty.", "Woody Guthrie Folk Festival __knowledge__ The festival is planned and implemented annually by the Woody Guthrie Coalition, a non-profit corporation, whose goal is simply to ensure Guthrie's musical legacy.", "Woody Guthrie Folk Festival __knowledge__ The event is made possible in part from a grant from the Oklahoma Arts Council.", "Tender Mercies __knowledge__ Tender Mercies is a 1983 American drama film directed by Bruce Beresford.", "Tender Mercies __knowledge__ The screenplay by Horton Foote focuses on Mac Sledge, a recovering alcoholic country music singer who seeks to turn his life around through his relationship with a young widow and her son in rural Texas.", "Tender Mercies __knowledge__ Robert Duvall plays the role of Mac; the supporting cast includes Tess Harper, Betty Buckley, Wilford Brimley, Ellen Barkin and Allan Hubbard.", "Tender Mercies __knowledge__ Financed by EMI Films, \"Tender Mercies\" was shot largely in Waxahachie, Texas.", "Tender Mercies __knowledge__ The script was rejected by several American directors before the Australian Beresford accepted it.", "Tender Mercies __knowledge__ Duvall, who sang his own songs in the film, drove more than throughout the state, tape recording local accents and playing in country music bands to prepare for the role.", "Your Absolutely Right __knowledge__ Your Absolutely Right EP is the 8th musical project and second official musical release by South African hip hop artist, ByLwansta.", "Your Absolutely Right __knowledge__ ByLwansta \"announced\" the title prematurely via his Facebook, in April.", "Your Absolutely Right __knowledge__ The project is described by ByLwansta as ...\":ByLwansta finds himself faced/tasked with the duties of a young adult, which require very mature decisions such as identifying with right and wrong.", "Your Absolutely Right __knowledge__ More specifically, ByLwansta identifies and challenges the idea of conforming, particularly in music, to a specific and popular format and formula for a successful music career.", "Your Absolutely Right __knowledge__ He finds himself often challenging what has been considered a \"working formula\" for how to get \"into the game\" by neglecting the popular style and known formula for such, in favour of one that isn't very style specific, but rather what he wants and only what he wants to do.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ Religious debates over the \"Harry Potter\" series of books by J. K. Rowling are based on claims that the novels contain occult or Satanic subtexts.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ A number of Protestant, Catholic, and Orthodox Christians have argued against the series, as have some Shia and Sunni Muslims.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ Supporters of the series have said that the magic in \"Harry Potter\" bears little resemblance to occultism, being more in the vein of fairy tales such as \"Cinderella\" and \"Snow White\", or to the works of C. S. Lewis and J. R. R. Tolkien, both of whom are known for writing fantasy novels with Christian subtexts.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ Far from promoting a particular religion, some argue, the \"Harry Potter\" novels go out of their way to avoid discussing religion at all.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The Texarkana Moonlight Murders, a term coined by the news media, references the unsolved murders committed in and around Texarkana in the spring of 1946 by an unidentified serial killer known as the \"Phantom Killer\", or \"Phantom Slayer\".", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The killer is credited with attacking eight people within ten weeks, five of whom were killed.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The attacks happened on weekends between February 22, 1946 and May 3, 1946.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The first two victims, Jimmy Hollis and Mary Larey, survived.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The first double murder, which involved Richard Griffin and Polly Ann Moore, happened four weeks later.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The second double-homicide, involving Paul Martin and Betty Jo Booker, occurred exactly three weeks from the first murders.", "List of Hunter × Hunter characters __knowledge__ The \"Hunter × Hunter\" manga and anime series features an extensive cast of characters created by Yoshihiro Togashi.", "List of Hunter × Hunter characters __knowledge__ The series takes place in a fictional universe where licensed specialists known as Hunters travel the world taking on special jobs ranging from treasure hunting to assassinations.", "List of Hunter × Hunter characters __knowledge__ The story focuses on 12-year-old Gon Freecss and his quest to become a Hunter in order to find his father, Ging Freecss, who is himself a famous Hunter.", "List of Hunter × Hunter characters __knowledge__ While on his quest, Gon meets and becomes close friends with three other members who are also on a quest to become Hunters for their own reasons.", "List of Hunter × Hunter characters __knowledge__ is the main protagonist of the series and an athletic, naïve, and friendly boy." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a fretted musical instrument that usually has six strings.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The sound is projected either acoustically, using a hollow wooden or plastic and wood box (for an acoustic guitar), or through electrical amplifier and a speaker (for an electric guitar).", "Guitar __knowledge__ It is typically played by strumming or plucking the strings with the fingers, thumb or fingernails of the right hand or with a pick while fretting (or pressing against the frets) the strings with the fingers of the left hand.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a type of chordophone, traditionally constructed from wood and strung with either gut, nylon or steel strings and distinguished from other chordophones by its construction and tuning.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The modern guitar was preceded by the gittern, the vihuela, the four-course Renaissance guitar, and the five-course baroque guitar, all of which contributed to the development of the modern six-string instrument.", "Guitar __knowledge__ There are three main types of modern acoustic guitar: the classical guitar (nylon-string guitar), the steel-string acoustic guitar, and the archtop guitar, which is sometimes called a \"jazz guitar\".", "Guitar __knowledge__ The tone of an acoustic guitar is produced by the strings' vibration, amplified by the hollow body of the guitar, which acts as a resonating chamber.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "List of Lorien Legacies characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters appearing in the \"Lorien Legacies\" series of young adult science fiction books, written under the pseudonym Pittacus Lore.", "List of Lorien Legacies characters __knowledge__ The Elders were 10 Loric Garde that acted as the protectors and/or politicians of Lorien who had discovered the Phoenix stones, they rewarded Lorien with legacies and chimæra.", "List of Lorien Legacies characters __knowledge__ Originally there were ten Lorien Elders, but due to the Secret Wars; the conflict between the Loric and the Mogadorians, the tenth Elder had supposedly died during this time.", "List of Lorien Legacies characters __knowledge__ There was a prophecy which said that an unknown evil that will destroy and take Lorien by surprise.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the various characters throughout the Japanese tokusatsu series \"Garo\", not including the Horrors, a breed of demonic beings that make for most of the series antagonists.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ The various holders of the title are the main characters of the franchise, armed with the blade.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ The Garo title, based on the word for \"hope\" in the old Makai language, is traditionally associated with the Saezima family.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ For reasons yet to be explained, the man who takes the title of Garo is often regarded to be the strongest Knight, widely known throughout the Makai community.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ This is however, not a formal ranking in itself and no preferential treatment is given to the said Knight, as evident with Kouga in \"\" who was in service for years before being promoted to be a Knight serving under the Senate.", "List of Fushigi Yûgi characters __knowledge__ This article lists the major characters from the manga series Fushigi Yûgi, its anime adaptation, and the prequels Fushigi Yûgi Genbu Kaiden and Fushigi Yûgi Byakko Ibun.", "List of Fushigi Yûgi characters __knowledge__ , the primary protagonist in \"Fushigi Yûgi\", is an ordinary 15-year-old junior high school student.", "List of Fushigi Yûgi characters __knowledge__ She initially decides to become the Priestess of Suzaku (\"Suzaku no Miko\") in order to ask Suzaku to grant her wish to join her best friend, Yui, at the same high school.", "List of Fushigi Yûgi characters __knowledge__ Miaka falls in love with Tamahome: this motivates Miaka to gather the seven Celestial Warriors of Suzaku and summon the god Suzaku Seikun.", "List of Fushigi Yûgi characters __knowledge__ Though Miaka's final wish as the Priestess of Suzaku had been for her and Tamahome to remain together forever, she chooses instead to ask Suzaku to save \"this world\" (Miaka's world after being destroyed by the battle between Seiryuu and Suzaku) and restore it to the way it was.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "List of Warcraft universe characters __knowledge__ Major and recurring characters from the fantasy series \"Warcraft\" are listed below.", "List of Warcraft universe characters __knowledge__ The series began with Blizzard Entertainment's 1994 video game \"\", and continued with \"\", \"\", \"\", \"\", \"World of Warcraft\", \"\", \"\", \"\", \"\", \"\", \"\" and \"\".", "List of Warcraft universe characters __knowledge__ The franchise has been further extended with a series of novels, graphic novels, a live-action film, and other works.", "List of Warcraft universe characters __knowledge__ Aegwynn was the penultimate Guardian of Tirisfal.", "List of Warcraft universe characters __knowledge__ She was a mortal champion imbued with the magic of a secret council who would utilize their collective powers to fight a never-ending secret war against the Burning Legion.", "List of Warcraft universe characters __knowledge__ Aegwynn grew powerful over the years and used her powers to extend her life significantly.", "Shame __knowledge__ Shame is a painful, social emotion that can be seen as resulting \"...from comparison of the self's action with the self's standards...\".", "Shame __knowledge__ but which may equally stem from comparison of the self's state of being with the ideal social context's standard.", "Shame __knowledge__ Thus, shame may stem from volitional action or simply self-regard; no action by the shamed being is required: simply existing is enough.", "Shame __knowledge__ Both the comparison and standards are enabled by socialization.", "Shame __knowledge__ Though usually considered an emotion, shame may also variously be considered an affect, cognition, state, or condition.", "Shame __knowledge__ The roots of the word \"shame\" are thought to derive from an older word meaning \"to cover\"; as such, covering oneself, literally or figuratively, is a natural expression of shame.", "A Low Down Dirty Shame __knowledge__ A Low Down Dirty Shame is a 1994 American action comedy film written, directed by, and starring Keenen Ivory Wayans.", "A Low Down Dirty Shame __knowledge__ The film also stars Charles S. Dutton, Jada Pinkett, and Salli Richardson.", "A Low Down Dirty Shame __knowledge__ Former LAPD detective Andre Shame is a private investigator who owns A Low Down Dirty Shame Investigations.", "A Low Down Dirty Shame __knowledge__ He runs it with Peaches, whom he arrested six years before and has romantic feelings for him.", "A Low Down Dirty Shame __knowledge__ Despite the high-risk jobs, Shame is unable to keep the firm afloat, and may be forced to close.", "A Low Down Dirty Shame __knowledge__ Five years earlier, Shame and a team of detectives went into Mexico to apprehend drug lord Ernesto Mendoza.", "A Low Down Dirty Shame __knowledge__ Though Shame seemingly shot and killed Mendoza in a shoot-out, the other detectives were killed, with Shame and Sonny Rothmiller being the only survivors.", "Tarzoon: Shame of the Jungle __knowledge__ Tarzoon: Shame of the Jungle () is a 1975 adult-oriented French/Belgian animated film directed by cartoonist Picha and Boris Szulzinger.", "Tarzoon: Shame of the Jungle __knowledge__ The film was the first foreign-animated film to receive both an X rating and wide distribution in the United States.", "Tarzoon: Shame of the Jungle __knowledge__ An English dub was released in 1979 where the English cast consists of Johnny Weissmuller, Jr., John Belushi, Bill Murray, Christopher Guest, and Brian Doyle-Murray.", "Tarzoon: Shame of the Jungle __knowledge__ This film is also known as Jungle Burger in the United Kingdom.", "Tarzoon: Shame of the Jungle __knowledge__ The film takes place in the deepest part of Africa - \"Bush Country\".", "Tarzoon: Shame of the Jungle __knowledge__ The evil, bald, and multi-breasted Queen Bazonga, who resides in a blimp, inside a cave shaped like a women's legs spread open revealing her vagina, plans to conquer the earth.", "Measures of guilt and shame __knowledge__ Measures of guilt and shame are used to determine an individuals propensity towards the self-conscious feelings of guilt or shame.", "Measures of guilt and shame __knowledge__ Guilt and shame, while both being negative emotions and behavioral regulators, differ in their perceived causes and motivations: feelings of shame are brought on by external sources and affect ego and self-image, whereas guilt is a self-originating emotion and focuses on the impact on others.", "Measures of guilt and shame __knowledge__ Measures of shame and guilt are useful for understanding individuals' reactions to embarrassing and regrettable situations in psychotherapy and psychopathology.", "Measures of guilt and shame __knowledge__ Some of the most commonly used measures are Harder's Personal Feelings Questionnaire-2 (PFQ-2), introduced in 1990, Self-Conscious Affect and Attribution Inventory (SCAAI), Test of Self-Conscious Affect (TOSCA), and the more recently introduced Guilt and Shame Proneness Scale (GASP).", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ An electric guitar is a guitar that uses one or more pickups to convert the vibration of its strings into electrical signals.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ The vibration occurs when a guitarist strums, plucks, fingerpicks, or taps the strings.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ The pickup used to sense the vibration generally uses electromagnetic induction to do so, though other technologies exist.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ In any case, the signal generated by an electric guitar is too weak to drive a loudspeaker, so it is sent to a guitar amplifier before being sent to the speaker, which converts it into audible sound.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ Since the output of an electric guitar is an electric signal, it can be electronically altered by to change the timbre of the sound.", "Gay Shame __knowledge__ Gay Shame is a movement from within the queer communities described as a radical alternative to gay mainstreaming and directly posits an alternative view of gay pride events and activities which have become increasingly commercialized with corporate sponsors and \"safer\" agendas to avoid offending supporters and sponsors.", "Gay Shame __knowledge__ The Gay Shame movement has grown to embrace radical expression, counter-cultural ideologies, and avant-garde arts and artists.", "Gay Shame __knowledge__ Gay Shame was created as a protest of (and named in opposition to) the overcommercialization of the gay pride events.", "Gay Shame __knowledge__ Members attack \"queer assimilation\" into what they perceive as oppressive societal structures." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a fretted musical instrument that usually has six strings.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The sound is projected either acoustically, using a hollow wooden or plastic and wood box (for an acoustic guitar), or through electrical amplifier and a speaker (for an electric guitar).", "Guitar __knowledge__ It is typically played by strumming or plucking the strings with the fingers, thumb or fingernails of the right hand or with a pick while fretting (or pressing against the frets) the strings with the fingers of the left hand.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a type of chordophone, traditionally constructed from wood and strung with either gut, nylon or steel strings and distinguished from other chordophones by its construction and tuning.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The modern guitar was preceded by the gittern, the vihuela, the four-course Renaissance guitar, and the five-course baroque guitar, all of which contributed to the development of the modern six-string instrument.", "Guitar __knowledge__ There are three main types of modern acoustic guitar: the classical guitar (nylon-string guitar), the steel-string acoustic guitar, and the archtop guitar, which is sometimes called a \"jazz guitar\".", "Guitar __knowledge__ The tone of an acoustic guitar is produced by the strings' vibration, amplified by the hollow body of the guitar, which acts as a resonating chamber.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ The 1995 Quebec referendum was the second referendum to ask voters in the Canadian French-speaking province of Quebec whether Quebec should proclaim national sovereignty and become an independent country, with the condition precedent of offering a political and economic agreement to Canada.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ The culmination of multiple years of debate and planning after the failure of the Meech Lake and Charlottetown constitutional accords, the referendum was launched solely by the provincial Parti Québécois government of Jacques Parizeau.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ Despite initial predictions of a heavy sovereignist defeat, an eventful and complex campaign followed, with the \"Yes\" side flourishing after being taken over by charismatic Bloc Québécois leader Lucien Bouchard.", "Igbo music __knowledge__ Igbo music (Igbo: Egwu nkwa ndi Igbo) is the music of the Igbo people, who are indigenous to the southeastern part of Nigeria.", "Igbo music __knowledge__ The Igbo traditionally rely heavily on percussion instruments such as the drum and the gong, which are popular because of their innate ability to provide a diverse array of tempo, sound, and pitch.", "Igbo music __knowledge__ Igbo music is generally lively, upbeat, and spontaneous which creates a variety of sounds that enables the Igbo people to incorporate music into almost all the facets of their daily lives.", "Igbo music __knowledge__ Some very popular Igbo music styles are Igbo highlife, Igbo rap, Odumodu.", "Igbo music __knowledge__ When examining the impact that music has on the culture of the Igbo people, one would have to look no further than the earliest accounts of the vast history of Igbo in Nigeria.", "Chris Squire __knowledge__ Christopher Russell Edward Squire (4March 1948 – 27June 2015) was an English musician, singer and songwriter.", "Chris Squire __knowledge__ He was best known as the bassist and a founding member of the progressive rock band Yes.", "Chris Squire __knowledge__ Prior to his death in 2015, he was the only constant member in the band, having appeared on every studio album released from 1969 to 2014.", "Chris Squire __knowledge__ Born in Kingsbury, London, Squire took an early interest in church music and sang in the local church and school choirs.", "Chris Squire __knowledge__ After he took up the bass guitar at age sixteen, his earliest gigs were in 1964 for the Selfs, which later evolved into the Syn.", "Chris Squire __knowledge__ In 1968, Squire formed Yes with singer Jon Anderson; he would remain the band's sole bassist for the next 47 years.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Yes Minister is a Political satire British sitcom written by Antony Jay and Jonathan Lynn that was first transmitted on BBC Two from 1980 to 1984, split over three seven-episode series.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ The sequel, Yes, Prime Minister, ran from 1986 to 1988.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ In total there were 38 episodes, of which all but one lasted half an hour.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Almost all episodes ended with a variation of the title of the series spoken as the answer to a question posed by Hacker.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Several episodes were adapted for BBC Radio, and a stage play was produced in 2010, the latter leading to a new television series on UKTV Gold in 2013.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Set principally in the private office of a British Cabinet minister in the fictional Department of Administrative Affairs in Whitehall, \"Yes Minister\" follows the ministerial career of the Rt Hon Jim Hacker MP, played by Paul Eddington.", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The bass guitar (also known as electric bass, or bass) is a stringed instrument played primarily with the fingers or thumb, by plucking, slapping, popping, strumming, tapping, thumping, or picking with a plectrum, often known as a pick.", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The bass guitar is similar in appearance and construction to an electric guitar, but with a longer neck and scale length, and four to six strings or courses.", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The four-string bass, by far the most common, is usually tuned the same as the double bass, which corresponds to pitches one octave lower than the four lowest pitched strings of a guitar (E, A, D, and G).", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The bass guitar is a transposing instrument, as it is notated in bass clef an octave higher than it sounds.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is a music genre that originated in the African-American communities of New Orleans, United States, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and developed from roots in blues and ragtime.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is seen by many as 'America's classical music'.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Since the 1920s Jazz Age, jazz has become recognized as a major form of musical expression.", "Jazz __knowledge__ It then emerged in the form of independent traditional and popular musical styles, all linked by the common bonds of African-American and European-American musical parentage with a performance orientation.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is characterized by swing and blue notes, call and response vocals, polyrhythms and improvisation.", "Archtop guitar __knowledge__ An archtop guitar is a hollow steel-stringed acoustic or semi-acoustic guitar with a full body and a distinctive arched top, whose sound is particularly popular with jazz, blues, rockabilly and psychobilly guitarists.", "Archtop guitar __knowledge__ Typically, an archtop guitar has: The archtop guitar is often credited to Orville Gibson, whose innovative designs led to the formation of the Gibson Mandolin-Guitar Mfg.", "Archtop guitar __knowledge__ Co, Ltd in 1902.", "Archtop guitar __knowledge__ His 1898 patent for a mandolin, which was also applicable to guitars according to the specifications, was intended to enhance \"power and quality of tone.\"", "Archtop guitar __knowledge__ Among the features of this instrument were a violin-style arched top and back, each carved from a single piece of wood, and thicker in the middle than at the sides; sides carved to shape from a single block of wood; and a lack of internal \"braces, splices, blocks or bridges … which, if employed, would rob the instrument of much of its volume of tone.\"", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ An electric guitar is a guitar that uses one or more pickups to convert the vibration of its strings into electrical signals.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ The vibration occurs when a guitarist strums, plucks, fingerpicks, or taps the strings.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ The pickup used to sense the vibration generally uses electromagnetic induction to do so, though other technologies exist.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ In any case, the signal generated by an electric guitar is too weak to drive a loudspeaker, so it is sent to a guitar amplifier before being sent to the speaker, which converts it into audible sound.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ Since the output of an electric guitar is an electric signal, it can be electronically altered by to change the timbre of the sound.", "Jazz guitar __knowledge__ The term jazz guitar may refer to either a type of guitar or to the variety of guitar playing styles used in the various genres which are commonly termed \"jazz\".", "Jazz guitar __knowledge__ The jazz-type guitar was born as a result of using electric amplification to increase the volume of conventional acoustic guitars.", "Jazz guitar __knowledge__ Conceived in the early 1930s, the electric guitar became a necessity as jazz musicians sought to amplify their sound to be heard over loud big bands.", "Jazz guitar __knowledge__ When guitarists in big bands only had acoustic guitars, all they could do was play chords; they could not play solos because the acoustic guitar is not a loud instrument.", "Steel-string acoustic guitar __knowledge__ The steel-string acoustic guitar is a modern form of guitar that descends from the nylon-strung classical guitar, but is strung with steel strings for a brighter, louder sound.", "Steel-string acoustic guitar __knowledge__ Like the classical guitar, it is often referred to simply as an acoustic guitar.", "Steel-string acoustic guitar __knowledge__ The most common type is often called a flat top guitar, to distinguish it from the more specialized archtop guitar and other variations.", "Steel-string acoustic guitar __knowledge__ The standard tuning for an acoustic guitar is E-A-D-G-B-E (low to high), although many players, particularly fingerpickers, use alternate tunings (scordatura), such as \"open G\" (D-G-D-G-B-D), \"open D\" (D-A-D-F-A-D), or \"drop D\" (D-A-D-G-B-E).", "Vibrato systems for guitar __knowledge__ A vibrato system on a guitar is a mechanical device used to temporarily change the pitch of the strings.", "Vibrato systems for guitar __knowledge__ Guitar makers have developed a variety of vibrato systems since the 1920's.", "Vibrato systems for guitar __knowledge__ They add vibrato to the sound by changing the tension of the strings, typically at the bridge or tailpiece of an electric guitar using a controlling lever (often referred to as a whammy bar, vibrato arm/bar, or incorrectly as tremolo arm/bar).", "Vibrato systems for guitar __knowledge__ The lever enables the player to quickly and temporarily vary the tension, and sometimes length of the strings, changing the pitch to create a vibrato, portamento, or pitch bend effect.", "Semi-acoustic guitar __knowledge__ A semi-acoustic guitar or hollow-body electric is a type of electric guitar that originates from the 1930s.", "Semi-acoustic guitar __knowledge__ It has both a sound box and one or more electric pickups.", "Semi-acoustic guitar __knowledge__ This is not the same as an acoustic-electric guitar, which is an acoustic guitar with the addition of pickups or other means of amplification, added by either the manufacturer or the player.", "Semi-acoustic guitar __knowledge__ In the 1930s guitar players and manufacturers were attempting to increase the overall volume of the guitar, which had a hard time competing in loudness with other instruments—especially in large orchestras and jazz bands.", "Semi-acoustic guitar __knowledge__ This led makers to try a series of designs that focused on amplifying a guitar electrically through a loudspeaker." ] ]

[ 16, 57, 0, 6, 0 ]

[ "That is cool how do you feel about Jimi Hendrix an American rock guitarist.", "Yes you are absolutely right about that so young, the tender age of 27 years old when he died in London.", "It is really a shame. So how did you find out about guitars?", "How cool is that! I was not aware its three types of acoustic guitars, the classical, steel-string, and archtop guitar.", "That is really cool I think I want to learn how to play the guitar. " ]

[ "Guitar", "Guitar", "Guitar", "Guitar", "Guitar" ]

[ "Macaroni and cheese\nI enjoy a bowl of macaroni and cheese, do you like it?", "Exactly! I like the boxed kind, but I also enjoy making my own homemade, it really hits the spot.", "Yes, on many of our holiday dinners we will bake it in the oven, and we usually just go with Velveeta cheese then. I'm beginning to want some now lol!", "Yes, grilled cheese in good. My daughter cheats by toasted the bread in the toaster and then sticking it in the microwave to melt the cheese lol." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ Macaroni and cheese—also called mac and cheese in American, Canadian, and macaroni pie in Caribbean English; and macaroni cheese in the United Kingdom—is a dish of English origin, consisting of cooked macaroni pasta and a cheese sauce, most commonly cheddar.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ It can also incorporate other ingredients, such as breadcrumbs, meat and vegetables.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ Traditional macaroni and cheese is a casserole baked in the oven; however, it may be prepared in a sauce pan on top of the stove or using a packaged mix.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ The cheese is often first incorporated into a Béchamel sauce to create a Mornay sauce, which is then added to the pasta.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ In the United States, it is considered a comfort food.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ Pasta and cheese casseroles have been recorded as early as the 14th century in the Italian cookbook, \"Liber de Coquina\", one of the oldest medieval cookbooks, which featured a dish of parmesan and pasta.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ A cheese and pasta casserole known as \"makerouns\" was recorded in the famous medieval English cookbook, the \"Forme of Cury\", which was also written in the 14th century.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ It was made with fresh, hand-cut pasta which was sandwiched between a mixture of melted butter and cheese.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ The recipe given (in Middle English) was: This is the above recipe in modern English: The first modern recipe for the dish was included in Elizabeth Raffald's 1770 book, \"The Experienced English Housekeeper\".", "Pasta __knowledge__ Pasta () is a staple food of traditional Italian cuisine, with the first reference dating to 1154 in Sicily.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Also commonly used to refer to the variety of pasta dishes, pasta is typically a noodle made from an unleavened dough of a durum wheat flour mixed with water or eggs and formed into sheets or various shapes, then cooked by boiling or baking.", "Pasta __knowledge__ As an alternative for those wanting a different taste, or who need to avoid products containing gluten, some pastas can be made using rice flour in place of wheat.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Pastas may be divided into two broad categories, dried (\"pasta secca\") and fresh (\"pasta fresca\").", "Kraft Dinner __knowledge__ The product known as Kraft Dinner (KD) in Canada, Kraft Macaroni & Cheese Dinner or Kraft Mac and Cheese in the United States and Australia, and Macaroni Cheese or Cheesey Pasta in the United Kingdom, is a nonperishable, packaged dry macaroni and cheese product.", "Kraft Dinner __knowledge__ It was first introduced under the Kraft Dinner name in both Canada and U.S. in 1937.", "Kraft Dinner __knowledge__ The product also developed into several other formulations, including Kraft's Easy Mac Cups, renamed Macaroni & Cheese Dinner Cups, a single-serving product designed specifically for microwave ovens.", "Kraft Dinner __knowledge__ The product's innovation was to combine the nonperishable dried macaroni noodles with a processed cheese powder, so that the dish could be prepared by cooking the pasta and adding the cheese powder, butter, and milk.", "Beecher's Handmade Cheese __knowledge__ Beecher's Handmade Cheese is an artisan cheesemaker and retail shop with locations in the Pike Place Market, Seattle, Washington and New York City's Flatiron District.", "Beecher's Handmade Cheese __knowledge__ The company was founded by Kurt Beecher Dammeier in 2003 and opened in the Pike Place Market after Dammeier obtained a difficult to obtain storefront lease in the Market.", "Beecher's Handmade Cheese __knowledge__ Because Dammeier had never been a cheesemaker, he sought out the assistance of Brad Sinko, who helped run a family cheese-making business in Oregon.", "Beecher's Handmade Cheese __knowledge__ A second location was opened in 2011 in the Flatiron neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City.", "Beecher's Handmade Cheese __knowledge__ Unlike most artisan cheese makers, Beecher's mainly uses pasteurized milk and operates a high-volume modern production facility, with multiple farms supplying milk.", "Macaroni pie __knowledge__ Macaroni pie is a casserole dish based on baked macaroni and cheese.", "Macaroni pie __knowledge__ Primary ingredients include elbow macaroni, cheese and milk.", "Macaroni pie __knowledge__ It is prepared in various regions of the world, and variations of the dish exist.", "Macaroni pie __knowledge__ For example, in Scotland, it is typically prepared using a Scotch pie crust, while in other areas no crust is used.", "Macaroni pie __knowledge__ Recipes from the 1800s in the United States include various meats, while contemporary versions may not include meats.", "Macaroni pie __knowledge__ Typical ingredients in macaroni pie include macaroni noodles, cheese, milk, butter, flour, salt, pepper and various spices.", "Macaroni pie __knowledge__ Additional ingredients sometimes used include onion and bread crumbs.", "Macaroni __knowledge__ Macaroni is a variety of dry pasta traditionally shaped and produced in various shapes and sizes.", "Macaroni __knowledge__ Made with durum wheat, macaroni is commonly cut in short lengths; curved macaroni may be referred to as elbow macaroni.", "Macaroni __knowledge__ Some home machines can make macaroni shapes, but like most pasta, macaroni is usually made commercially by large-scale extrusion.", "Macaroni __knowledge__ The curved shape is created by different speeds of extrusion on opposite ends of the pasta tube as it comes out of the machine.", "Macaroni __knowledge__ In North America, the word \"macaroni\" is often used synonymously with elbow-shaped macaroni, as it is the variety most often used in macaroni and cheese recipes.", "Mac n' Cheetos __knowledge__ Mac n' Cheetos are a deep-fried cheese-flavored, puffed cornmeal and macaroni and cheese product sold by the international fast food chain store Burger King and the private restaurant chain Sheetz.", "Mac n' Cheetos __knowledge__ The food is a combination of macaroni and cheese with the Frito-Lay snack Cheetos.", "Mac n' Cheetos __knowledge__ Mac n' Cheetos were first introduced in late June 2016.", "Mac n' Cheetos __knowledge__ The product contained five pieces and initially came with ranch dressing.", "Mac n' Cheetos __knowledge__ It was sold for an eight-week period, depending on supply.", "Mac n' Cheetos __knowledge__ Many publications have pointed out that Mac n' Cheetos is part of a larger trend of blending fast foods with well-known snack foods, as well as reflecting the current state of fast food alliances." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ Macaroni and cheese—also called mac and cheese in American, Canadian, and macaroni pie in Caribbean English; and macaroni cheese in the United Kingdom—is a dish of English origin, consisting of cooked macaroni pasta and a cheese sauce, most commonly cheddar.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ It can also incorporate other ingredients, such as breadcrumbs, meat and vegetables.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ Traditional macaroni and cheese is a casserole baked in the oven; however, it may be prepared in a sauce pan on top of the stove or using a packaged mix.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ The cheese is often first incorporated into a Béchamel sauce to create a Mornay sauce, which is then added to the pasta.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ In the United States, it is considered a comfort food.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ Pasta and cheese casseroles have been recorded as early as the 14th century in the Italian cookbook, \"Liber de Coquina\", one of the oldest medieval cookbooks, which featured a dish of parmesan and pasta.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ A cheese and pasta casserole known as \"makerouns\" was recorded in the famous medieval English cookbook, the \"Forme of Cury\", which was also written in the 14th century.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ It was made with fresh, hand-cut pasta which was sandwiched between a mixture of melted butter and cheese.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ The recipe given (in Middle English) was: This is the above recipe in modern English: The first modern recipe for the dish was included in Elizabeth Raffald's 1770 book, \"The Experienced English Housekeeper\".", "Tracy Barlow __knowledge__ Tracy Lynette Barlow (also Langton, Preston, Cropper and McDonald) is a fictional character and the main antagonist from the British ITV soap opera, \"Coronation Street\".", "Tracy Barlow __knowledge__ She was born on screen during the episode broadcast on 24 January 1977.", "Tracy Barlow __knowledge__ She was played by Christabel Finch until 21 November 1983.", "Tracy Barlow __knowledge__ Holly Chamarette played the role from 8 July 1985 until 23 March 1988.", "Tracy Barlow __knowledge__ Dawn Acton played the role from 12 December 1988, until 14 June 1995, Acton reprised the role in November 1996, and departed in December 1997.", "Tracy Barlow __knowledge__ She reprised the role once again on 17 March 1999 and made her final appearance as Tracy on 10 October 1999.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "The Toy Shop __knowledge__ The Toy Shop is an exhibit building at Shelburne Museum, which is located in Shelburne, Vermont.", "The Toy Shop __knowledge__ Toy Shop houses 19th- and early 20th-century playthings, including miniature transportation toys, penny banks, and music boxes.", "The Toy Shop __knowledge__ The Shelburne Museum built the Toy Shop in the early 1950s as an extension to Variety Unit.", "The Toy Shop __knowledge__ Built in 1835, Variety Unit, the only structure original to the Museum grounds, is an example of “continuous” architecture common to New England farmhouses.", "The Toy Shop __knowledge__ As more space was needed, farmers added new wings to their houses, often merging farm and household buildings, in one continuous structure that not only kept everything centralized, but also made it unnecessary to go outside in inclement weather.", "Ryan Braun __knowledge__ Ryan Joseph Braun (born November 17, 1983) is an American baseball left fielder for the Milwaukee Brewers of Major League Baseball (MLB).", "Ryan Braun __knowledge__ While currently the starting left fielder for the Brewers, Braun has also played right field during his career and was also a third baseman during his rookie season.", "Ryan Braun __knowledge__ Braun was a two-time All-American at the University of Miami, where he was named \"National Freshman of the Year\" by \"Baseball America\" in 2003.", "Ryan Braun __knowledge__ The Brewers drafted him in the first round (fifth overall) in the 2005 MLB draft.", "Ryan Braun __knowledge__ He was the team's Minor League Player of the Year in 2006.", "Ryan Braun __knowledge__ Braun is considered a five-tool player for his ability to hit for power and average, his baserunning speed, and his excellent fielding and arm strength.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Robert James Smith (born 21 April 1959) is an English singer, songwriter and musician.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ He is the lead singer, guitarist, multi instrumentalist, lyricist, principal songwriter and only consistent member of the rock band The Cure, which he co-founded in 1976.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ He was also the lead guitarist for the band Siouxsie and the Banshees from 1982 to 1984 and was part of the short-lived group The Glove in 1983.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Smith is known for his distinctive voice and unique stage look, the latter of which was influential on the Goth subculture that rose to prominence in the 1980s.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Smith was born in the Lancashire town of Blackpool and is the third of four children born to James Alexander and Rita Mary (née Emmott) Smith.", "XTC __knowledge__ XTC were an English rock band formed in Swindon in 1972 and active until 2006.", "XTC __knowledge__ Led by songwriters Andy Partridge and Colin Moulding, the band gained popularity during the rise of punk and new wave in the 1970s, later playing in a variety of styles that ranged from angular guitar riffs to elaborately arranged pop.", "XTC __knowledge__ Partly because the group did not fit into contemporary trends, they failed to maintain commercial success in the UK and US.", "XTC __knowledge__ They have since attracted a considerable cult following, and are recognised for their influence on Britpop and later power pop acts.", "XTC __knowledge__ Partridge (guitar, vocals) and Moulding (bass, vocals) met at a record store in the early 1970s and subsequently formed a glitter rock outfit with drummer Terry Chambers.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ \"\" is a manga series written by Yūto Tsukuda and illustrated by Shun Saeki, serialized in \"Weekly Shōnen Jump\".", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ 27 tankōbon volumes have been released.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ An anime adaptation has aired 49 episodes over 3 seasons.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ The story follows protagonist and title character Sōma Yukihira as he transfers to the elite Tōtsuki Culinary Academy, an extremely competitive atmosphere, where only the top 1% of students graduate in.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ Under the motto \"Cooking is Everything\", students are judged on their cooking for admission to the academy and in many classes, tournaments and events.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ Competition may lead to a Shokugeki, a cooking match held in an indoor stadium, where students stake their pride and futures as chefs.", "Instant noodle __knowledge__ Instant noodles are sold in a precooked and dried noodle block, with flavoring powder and/or seasoning oil.", "Instant noodle __knowledge__ The flavoring is usually in a separate packet, although in the case of cup noodles the flavoring is often loose in the cup.", "Instant noodle __knowledge__ Some instant noodle products are seal packed; these can be reheated or eaten straight from the packet/container.", "Instant noodle __knowledge__ Dried noodle blocks are cooked or soaked in boiling water before eating.", "Instant noodle __knowledge__ The main ingredients used in dried noodles are usually wheat flour, palm oil, and salt.", "Instant noodle __knowledge__ Common ingredients in the flavoring powder are salt, monosodium glutamate, seasoning, and sugar.", "Field ration __knowledge__ A field ration, combat ration or ration pack is a canned or pre-packaged meal, easily prepared and eaten, transported by military troops on the battlefield.", "Field ration __knowledge__ They are distinguished from regular military rations by virtue of being designed for minimal preparation in the field, using canned, pre-cooked or freeze-dried foods, powdered beverage mixes and concentrated food bars, as well as for long shelf life.", "Field ration __knowledge__ Such meals also prove invaluable for disaster relief operations, where large stocks of these can be ferried and distributed easily, and provide basic nutritional support to victims before kitchens can be set up to produce fresh food.", "Kraft Dinner __knowledge__ The product known as Kraft Dinner (KD) in Canada, Kraft Macaroni & Cheese Dinner or Kraft Mac and Cheese in the United States and Australia, and Macaroni Cheese or Cheesey Pasta in the United Kingdom, is a nonperishable, packaged dry macaroni and cheese product.", "Kraft Dinner __knowledge__ It was first introduced under the Kraft Dinner name in both Canada and U.S. in 1937.", "Kraft Dinner __knowledge__ The product also developed into several other formulations, including Kraft's Easy Mac Cups, renamed Macaroni & Cheese Dinner Cups, a single-serving product designed specifically for microwave ovens.", "Kraft Dinner __knowledge__ The product's innovation was to combine the nonperishable dried macaroni noodles with a processed cheese powder, so that the dish could be prepared by cooking the pasta and adding the cheese powder, butter, and milk.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ Filipino cuisine (Filipino: \"Lutuing Filipino\" or \"Pagkaing Filipino\") is composed of the cuisines of 135 distinct ethno-linguistic tribes found within the Philippine archipelago, however, majority of mainstream Filipino dishes that compose Filipino cuisine are from the cuisines of the Bikol, Chabakano, Hiligaynon, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Meranaw, Pangasinan, Sebwano (or Bisaya), Tagalog, and Waray ethno-linguistic tribes.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ The style of cooking and the food associated with it have evolved over many centuries from their Austronesian origins (shared with Malaysian and Indonesian cuisines) to a mixed cuisine of Indian, Chinese, Spanish, and American influences, in line with the major waves of influence that had enriched the cultures of the archipelago, as well as others adapted to indigenous ingredients and the local palate.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Velveeta Shells & Cheese __knowledge__ Velveeta Shells & Cheese is a shell pasta and cheese sauce food product that debuted in the United States in 1984.", "Velveeta Shells & Cheese __knowledge__ Its ingredients, texture, and flavor are very similar to macaroni and cheese.", "Velveeta Shells & Cheese __knowledge__ The product is a shelf-stable food.", "Velveeta Shells & Cheese __knowledge__ The product is prepared in original style, 2% milk style and in chipotle and jalapeño flavors.", "Velveeta Shells & Cheese __knowledge__ The product prepared with 2% milk in the cheese sauce contains 50% less fat compared to the original product.", "Velveeta Shells & Cheese __knowledge__ The flavored varieties are packaged with separate packets, one with flavoring and one with the cheese sauce.", "Velveeta Shells & Cheese __knowledge__ The jalapeño-flavored product has been described as being significantly spicy in flavor." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ Macaroni and cheese—also called mac and cheese in American, Canadian, and macaroni pie in Caribbean English; and macaroni cheese in the United Kingdom—is a dish of English origin, consisting of cooked macaroni pasta and a cheese sauce, most commonly cheddar.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ It can also incorporate other ingredients, such as breadcrumbs, meat and vegetables.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ Traditional macaroni and cheese is a casserole baked in the oven; however, it may be prepared in a sauce pan on top of the stove or using a packaged mix.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ The cheese is often first incorporated into a Béchamel sauce to create a Mornay sauce, which is then added to the pasta.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ In the United States, it is considered a comfort food.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ Pasta and cheese casseroles have been recorded as early as the 14th century in the Italian cookbook, \"Liber de Coquina\", one of the oldest medieval cookbooks, which featured a dish of parmesan and pasta.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ A cheese and pasta casserole known as \"makerouns\" was recorded in the famous medieval English cookbook, the \"Forme of Cury\", which was also written in the 14th century.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ It was made with fresh, hand-cut pasta which was sandwiched between a mixture of melted butter and cheese.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ The recipe given (in Middle English) was: This is the above recipe in modern English: The first modern recipe for the dish was included in Elizabeth Raffald's 1770 book, \"The Experienced English Housekeeper\".", "Velveeta Shells & Cheese __knowledge__ Velveeta Shells & Cheese is a shell pasta and cheese sauce food product that debuted in the United States in 1984.", "Velveeta Shells & Cheese __knowledge__ Its ingredients, texture, and flavor are very similar to macaroni and cheese.", "Velveeta Shells & Cheese __knowledge__ The product is a shelf-stable food.", "Velveeta Shells & Cheese __knowledge__ The product is prepared in original style, 2% milk style and in chipotle and jalapeño flavors.", "Velveeta Shells & Cheese __knowledge__ The product prepared with 2% milk in the cheese sauce contains 50% less fat compared to the original product.", "Velveeta Shells & Cheese __knowledge__ The flavored varieties are packaged with separate packets, one with flavoring and one with the cheese sauce.", "Velveeta Shells & Cheese __knowledge__ The jalapeño-flavored product has been described as being significantly spicy in flavor.", "Velveeta __knowledge__ Velveeta is a brand name for a processed cheese product that tastes like an American cheese, with a softer and smoother texture than cheese.", "Velveeta __knowledge__ As a result, when melted, it keeps a fully integrated and evenly clump-free liquid texture.", "Velveeta __knowledge__ It was invented in 1918 by Emil Frey of the Monroe Cheese Company in Monroe, New York.", "Velveeta __knowledge__ In 1923, The Velveeta Cheese Company was incorporated as a separate company, and sold to Kraft Foods in 1927.", "Velveeta __knowledge__ The product was advertised as a nutritious health food.", "Velveeta __knowledge__ In the 1930s, Velveeta became the first cheese product to gain the American Medical Association's seal of approval.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas traditions vary from country to country.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas celebrations for many nations include the installing and lighting of Christmas trees, the hanging of Advent wreaths, Christmas stockings, candy canes, and the creation of Nativity scenes depicting the birth of Jesus Christ.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas carols may be sung and stories told about such figures as the Baby Jesus, St Nicholas, Santa Claus, Father Christmas, Christkind or Grandfather Frost.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ The sending and exchange of Christmas card greetings, observance of fasting and special religious observances such as a midnight Mass or Vespers on Christmas Eve, the burning of a Yule log, and the giving and receiving of presents.", "Easy-Bake Oven __knowledge__ The Easy-Bake Oven is a working toy oven which Kenner introduced in 1963, and which Hasbro still manufactured as of late April 2016.", "Easy-Bake Oven __knowledge__ The original toy used an ordinary incandescent light bulb as a heat source; current versions use a true heating element.", "Easy-Bake Oven __knowledge__ Kenner sold 500,000 Easy-Bake Ovens in the first year of production.", "Easy-Bake Oven __knowledge__ By 1997, more than 16 million Easy-Bake Ovens (in 11 models) had been sold.", "Easy-Bake Oven __knowledge__ The oven comes with packets of cake mix and small round pans.", "Easy-Bake Oven __knowledge__ (Additional mixes can be purchased separately.)", "Easy-Bake Oven __knowledge__ After water is added to the mix in the pan, it is pushed into the oven through a slot.", "Easy-Bake Oven __knowledge__ After cooking, the cake is pushed out through a slot in the other end.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ Ancient Israelite cuisine refers to the food eaten by the ancient Israelites during a period of over a thousand years, from the beginning of the Israelite presence in the Land of Israel at the beginning of the Iron Age until the Roman period.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ The dietary staples were bread, wine and olive oil, but also included legumes, fruits and vegetables, dairy products, fish and meat.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ Religious beliefs, which prohibited the consumption of certain foods, shaped the Israelite diet.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ There was considerable continuity in the main components of the diet over time, despite the introduction of new foodstuffs at various stages.", "Kraft Foods Inc. __knowledge__ Kraft Foods Inc. was an American multinational confectionery, food and beverage conglomerate.", "Kraft Foods Inc. __knowledge__ It marketed many brands in more than 170 countries.", "Kraft Foods Inc. __knowledge__ 12 of its brands annually earned more than $1 billion worldwide: Cadbury, Jacobs, Kraft, LU, Maxwell House, Milka, Nabisco, Oreo, Oscar Mayer, Philadelphia, Trident, Tang.", "Kraft Foods Inc. __knowledge__ Forty of its brands are at least a century old.", "Kraft Foods Inc. __knowledge__ The company was headquartered in Northfield, Illinois, a Chicago suburb.", "Kraft Foods Inc. __knowledge__ Its European headquarters was in Glattpark, Opfikon, Switzerland, near Zürich.", "Kraft Foods Inc. __knowledge__ Kraft was listed on the New York Stock Exchange and became a component of the Dow Jones Industrial Average on September 22, 2008, replacing the American International Group.", "Microwave oven __knowledge__ A microwave oven (also commonly referred to as a microwave) is a kitchen appliance that heats and cooks food by exposing it to electromagnetic radiation in the microwave frequency range.", "Microwave oven __knowledge__ This induces polar molecules in the food to rotate and produce thermal energy in a process known as dielectric heating.", "Microwave oven __knowledge__ Microwave ovens heat foods quickly and efficiently because excitation is fairly uniform in the outer of a homogeneous, high water content food item; food is more evenly heated throughout than generally occurs in other cooking techniques.", "Microwave oven __knowledge__ The development of the cavity magnetron in the UK made possible the production of electromagnetic waves of a small enough wavelength (microwaves).", "Pressure cooking __knowledge__ Pressure cooking is the process of cooking food, using water or other cooking liquid, in a sealed vessel known as a \"pressure cooker\".", "Pressure cooking __knowledge__ Pressure is created by boiling a liquid, such as water or broth, inside the closed pressure cooker.", "Pressure cooking __knowledge__ The trapped steam increases the internal pressure and allows the temperature to rise.", "Pressure cooking __knowledge__ After use, the pressure is slowly released so that the vessel can be opened safely.", "Pressure cooking __knowledge__ Pressure cooking can be used for quick simulation of the effects of long braising.", "Pressure cooking __knowledge__ Almost any food which can be cooked in steam or water-based liquids can be cooked in a pressure cooker.", "Pressure cooking __knowledge__ In 1679, French physicist Denis Papin, better known for his studies on steam, invented the \"steam digester\" in an attempt to reduce the cooking time of food.", "Kitchen stove __knowledge__ A kitchen stove, often called simply a stove or a cooker, is a kitchen appliance designed for the purpose of cooking food.", "Kitchen stove __knowledge__ Kitchen stoves rely on the application of direct heat for the cooking process and may also contain an oven, used for baking.", "Kitchen stove __knowledge__ \"Cookstoves\" (also called \"cooking stoves\" or \"wood stoves\") are heated by burning wood or charcoal; \"gas stoves\" are heated by gas; and \"electric stoves\" by electricity.", "Kitchen stove __knowledge__ A stove with multiple cooking surfaces is also called a range.", "Kitchen stove __knowledge__ In the industrialized world, as stoves replaced open fires and braziers as a source of more efficient and reliable heating, models were developed that could also be used for cooking, and these came to be known as \"kitchen stoves\".", "Dutch oven __knowledge__ A Dutch oven (sometimes written dutch oven) is a thick-walled cooking pot with a tight-fitting lid.", "Dutch oven __knowledge__ Dutch ovens are usually made of seasoned cast iron, however some Dutch ovens are instead made of cast aluminium, or are ceramic.", "Dutch oven __knowledge__ Some metal varieties are enameled rather than being seasoned.", "Dutch oven __knowledge__ Dutch ovens have been used as cooking vessels for hundreds of years.", "Dutch oven __knowledge__ They are called casserole dishes in English speaking countries other than the United States (\"casserole\" means \"pot\" in French), and \"cocottes\" in French.", "Dutch oven __knowledge__ They are similar to both the Japanese \"tetsunabe\" and the \"Sač\", a traditional Balkan cast-iron oven, and are related to the South African Potjie and the Australian Bedourie oven.", "Cookware and bakeware __knowledge__ Cookware and bakeware are types of food preparation containers, commonly found in a kitchen.", "Cookware and bakeware __knowledge__ Cookware comprises cooking vessels, such as saucepans and frying pans, intended for use on a stove or range cooktop.", "Cookware and bakeware __knowledge__ Bakeware comprises cooking vessels intended for use inside an oven.", "Cookware and bakeware __knowledge__ Some utensils are considered both cookware and bakeware.", "Cookware and bakeware __knowledge__ The choice of material for cookware and bakeware items has a significant effect on the item's performance (and cost), particularly in terms of thermal conductivity and how much food sticks to the item when in use.", "Cookware and bakeware __knowledge__ Some choices of material also require special pre-preparation of the surface—known as seasoning—before they are used for food preparation." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ Macaroni and cheese—also called mac and cheese in American, Canadian, and macaroni pie in Caribbean English; and macaroni cheese in the United Kingdom—is a dish of English origin, consisting of cooked macaroni pasta and a cheese sauce, most commonly cheddar.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ It can also incorporate other ingredients, such as breadcrumbs, meat and vegetables.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ Traditional macaroni and cheese is a casserole baked in the oven; however, it may be prepared in a sauce pan on top of the stove or using a packaged mix.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ The cheese is often first incorporated into a Béchamel sauce to create a Mornay sauce, which is then added to the pasta.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ In the United States, it is considered a comfort food.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ Pasta and cheese casseroles have been recorded as early as the 14th century in the Italian cookbook, \"Liber de Coquina\", one of the oldest medieval cookbooks, which featured a dish of parmesan and pasta.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ A cheese and pasta casserole known as \"makerouns\" was recorded in the famous medieval English cookbook, the \"Forme of Cury\", which was also written in the 14th century.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ It was made with fresh, hand-cut pasta which was sandwiched between a mixture of melted butter and cheese.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ The recipe given (in Middle English) was: This is the above recipe in modern English: The first modern recipe for the dish was included in Elizabeth Raffald's 1770 book, \"The Experienced English Housekeeper\".", "Cheese sandwich __knowledge__ A cheese sandwich is a basic sandwich generally made with one or more varieties of cheese on any sort of bread, such as flat bread or wheat bread, that may include spreads such as butter or mayonnaise.", "Cheese sandwich __knowledge__ A grilled cheese sandwich is made by grilling the sandwich with butter or toasting it.", "Cheese sandwich __knowledge__ Popular British sandwiches include the cheese and pickle sandwich, the cheese and tomato sandwich and the cheese and onion sandwich.", "Cheese sandwich __knowledge__ Another cheese sandwich is the limburger sandwich.", "Cheese sandwich __knowledge__ Cooked meat can be added to cheese sandwiches, which is done with the ham and cheese sandwich and the bacon, egg and cheese sandwich.", "The Grilled Cheese Truck __knowledge__ The Grilled Cheese Truck is a food truck company serving gourmet \"chef driven\" grilled cheese sandwiches.", "The Grilled Cheese Truck __knowledge__ The company started in Los Angeles in 2009, and has since expanded throughout Southern California, Phoenix, San Antonio, and Austin.", "The Grilled Cheese Truck __knowledge__ The Grilled Cheese Truck started as a joint venture between Dave Danhi (a Los Angeles-based chef) and Michele Grant (an entrepreneur).", "The Grilled Cheese Truck __knowledge__ Danhi devised the idea when he competed in the 7th Annual Grilled Cheese Invitational, a grilled cheese competition, that takes place every Spring in Los Angeles, California.", "The Grilled Cheese Truck __knowledge__ As he left the competition and saw the food trucks lined up outside, as well as the interest in grilled cheese from the competition, he got the idea to open the \"grilled cheese food truck\".", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ The following is a list of episodes for the reality television series \"The Great Food Truck Race\" on Food Network.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ There are seven truck teams competing in the race for a grand prize of $50,000.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Each truck team consists of a driver and two crew members who must staff the truck and are responsible for cooking, shopping, orders and publicity.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Every week they start off with no food to make things fair for all the teams who must make do with whatever cash Tyler Florence provides (seed money) at the start of each episode, in each new city.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ The trucks all convene in Los Angeles.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Austin Daily Press – This team from Austin, Texas serves hot, grilled sandwiches.", "Toaster __knowledge__ A toaster, or a toast maker, is an electric small appliance designed to toast sliced bread by exposing it to radiant heat, thus converting it into toast.", "Toaster __knowledge__ Toasters can toast multiple types of sliced bread products.", "Toaster __knowledge__ Invented in Scotland in 1893, it was developed over the years, with the introduction of an automatic mechanism to stop the toasting and pop the slices up.", "Toaster __knowledge__ The most common household toasting appliances are the pop-up toaster and the toaster oven.", "Toaster __knowledge__ Bread slices are inserted into slots in the top of a pop-up toaster, which make toast from bread in one to three minutes by using electric heating elements.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ Breakfast is the first meal of a day, most often eaten in the early morning before undertaking the day's work.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The word in English refers to breaking the fasting period of the prior night.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ There is a strong tendency for one or more \"typical\", or \"traditional\", breakfast menus to exist in most places, but the composition of this varies widely from place to place, and has varied over time, so that globally a very wide range of preparations and ingredients are now associated with breakfast.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The Old English word for dinner, \"disner\", means to break a fast, and was the first meal eaten in the day until its meaning shifted in the mid-13th century.", "Toast __knowledge__ Toast is sliced bread that has been browned by exposure to radiant heat.", "Toast __knowledge__ This browning is the result of a Maillard reaction altering the flavor of the bread and making it firmer so that it is easier to spread toppings on it.", "Toast __knowledge__ Toasting is a common method of making stale bread more palatable.", "Toast __knowledge__ Bread is often toasted using a \"toaster\", but toaster ovens are also used.", "Toast __knowledge__ Toast is commonly eaten with butter or margarine and sweetened toppings, such as jam or jelly.", "Toast __knowledge__ Regionally, savoury spreads, such as peanut butter or yeast extracts, may also be popular.", "Toast __knowledge__ When buttered, toast may also be served as an accompaniment to savoury dishes, especially soups or stews, or topped with heartier ingredients like eggs or baked beans as a light meal.", "Grilled Cheesus __knowledge__ \"Grilled Cheesus\" is the third episode of the second season of the American television series \"Glee\", and the twenty-fifth episode overall.", "Grilled Cheesus __knowledge__ It was written by Brad Falchuk, directed by Alfonso Gomez-Rejon, and premiered on the Fox network on October 5, 2010.", "Grilled Cheesus __knowledge__ Prior to its broadcast, series co-creator Ryan Murphy predicted the episode would be \"Glee\" most controversial, as it focuses on religion and what God means to the members of the glee club.", "Grilled Cheesus __knowledge__ When Burt Hummel (Mike O'Malley) has a heart attack, the glee club rally around his son Kurt (Chris Colfer), attempting to support the Hummels through their various faiths.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's Corporation () is the world's largest chain of fast food restaurants, serving around 68 million customers daily in 119 countries.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's traces its origins to a 1940 restaurant in San Bernardino, California.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ After expanding within the United States, McDonald's became an international corporation in 1967, when it opened a location in Richmond, Canada.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ By the end of the 1970s, McDonald's restaurants existed in five of the Earth's seven continents; an African location came in 1992 in Cape Town,South Africa.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ In order to cater to local tastes and culinary traditions, and often in respect of particular laws or religious beliefs, McDonald's offers regionalized versions of its menu among and within different countries.", "Velveeta __knowledge__ Velveeta is a brand name for a processed cheese product that tastes like an American cheese, with a softer and smoother texture than cheese.", "Velveeta __knowledge__ As a result, when melted, it keeps a fully integrated and evenly clump-free liquid texture.", "Velveeta __knowledge__ It was invented in 1918 by Emil Frey of the Monroe Cheese Company in Monroe, New York.", "Velveeta __knowledge__ In 1923, The Velveeta Cheese Company was incorporated as a separate company, and sold to Kraft Foods in 1927.", "Velveeta __knowledge__ The product was advertised as a nutritious health food.", "Velveeta __knowledge__ In the 1930s, Velveeta became the first cheese product to gain the American Medical Association's seal of approval.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1953, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper sandwich in 1957, and has since added non-beef items such as chicken, fish, and vegetarian offerings, including salads and meatless sandwiches.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ Other additions include a breakfast menu and beverages such as Icees, juices, and bottled waters.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ As the company expanded both inside and outside the United States, it introduced localized versions of its products that conform to regional tastes and cultural or religious beliefs." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 17, 11 ]

[ "Oh yes, Ilove mac and cheese. There is nothing to dislike about cooked noodles and cheese sauce.", "Yes, I like all kinds: boxed, cooked on the stovetop, and cooked in the oven. ", "Yum, I love velveeta for mac and cheese and grilled cheese sandwich. It has the softest and smoothest texture!", "Hey, whatever works. I cook six at a time on a electric grill with butter. It makes it an easy quick meal." ]

[ "Macaroni and cheese", "Macaroni and cheese", "Macaroni and cheese", "Macaroni and cheese" ]

[ "Heavy metal music", "Yes, but it is not my most favorite.", "I am more familiar with Led Zeppelin and I really like \"stairway to heaven\" song.", "Interesting, you mean the heavy metal is combination of these three genres?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Heavy metal (or simply metal) is a genre of rock music that developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s, largely in the United Kingdom.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ With roots in blues rock and psychedelic/acid rock, the bands that created heavy metal developed a thick, massive sound, characterized by highly amplified distortion, extended guitar solos, emphatic beats, and overall loudness.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Heavy metal lyrics and performance styles are sometimes associated with aggression and machismo.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ In 1968, three of the genre's most famous acts, Led Zeppelin, Black Sabbath and Deep Purple were founded.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Though they came to attract wide audiences, they were often derided by critics.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ During the mid-1970s, Judas Priest helped spur the genre's evolution by discarding much of its blues influence; Motörhead introduced a punk rock sensibility and an increasing emphasis on speed.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Beginning in the late 1970s, bands in the new wave of British heavy metal such as Iron Maiden and Saxon followed in a similar vein.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Before the end of the decade, heavy metal fans became known as \"metalheads\" or \"headbangers\".", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ During the 1980s, glam metal became popular with groups such as Mötley Crüe and Poison.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Underground scenes produced an array of more aggressive styles: thrash metal broke into the mainstream with bands such as Metallica, Megadeth, Slayer, and Anthrax, while other extreme subgenres of metal such as death metal and black metal remain subcultural phenomena." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Heavy metal (or simply metal) is a genre of rock music that developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s, largely in the United Kingdom.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ With roots in blues rock and psychedelic/acid rock, the bands that created heavy metal developed a thick, massive sound, characterized by highly amplified distortion, extended guitar solos, emphatic beats, and overall loudness.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Heavy metal lyrics and performance styles are sometimes associated with aggression and machismo.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ In 1968, three of the genre's most famous acts, Led Zeppelin, Black Sabbath and Deep Purple were founded.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Though they came to attract wide audiences, they were often derided by critics.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ During the mid-1970s, Judas Priest helped spur the genre's evolution by discarding much of its blues influence; Motörhead introduced a punk rock sensibility and an increasing emphasis on speed.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Beginning in the late 1970s, bands in the new wave of British heavy metal such as Iron Maiden and Saxon followed in a similar vein.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Before the end of the decade, heavy metal fans became known as \"metalheads\" or \"headbangers\".", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ During the 1980s, glam metal became popular with groups such as Mötley Crüe and Poison.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Underground scenes produced an array of more aggressive styles: thrash metal broke into the mainstream with bands such as Metallica, Megadeth, Slayer, and Anthrax, while other extreme subgenres of metal such as death metal and black metal remain subcultural phenomena.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "YES Network __knowledge__ The Yankees Entertainment and Sports Network (YES) is an American cable and satellite television regional sports network that is owned by 21st Century Fox (which owns a controlling 80% interest and serves as managing partner) and Yankee Global Enterprises (which owns the remaining 20%).", "YES Network __knowledge__ Primarily serving New York City, New York and the surrounding metropolitan area, it broadcasts a variety of sports events, as well as magazine, documentary and discussion programs; however, its main emphasis is focused on games and team-related programs involving the New York Yankees of Major League Baseball (owned by minority partner Yankee Global), the NBA's Brooklyn Nets and New York City FC of Major League Soccer.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Yes and no, or word pairs with a similar usage , are expressions of the affirmative and the negative, respectively, in several languages including English.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages make distinction between answers to affirmative versus negative questions, thus may have triplet or quadruplets of words instead.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ English originally used a four-form system up to and including Early Middle English but Modern English has reduced this to a two-form system consisting of just 'yes' and 'no'.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ It exists in eye blink communication, Morse Code, sign language, and maybe in color coded flag communication.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages do not answer yes–no questions with single words meaning 'yes' or 'no'.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Yes Minister is a Political satire British sitcom written by Antony Jay and Jonathan Lynn that was first transmitted on BBC Two from 1980 to 1984, split over three seven-episode series.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ The sequel, Yes, Prime Minister, ran from 1986 to 1988.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ In total there were 38 episodes, of which all but one lasted half an hour.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Almost all episodes ended with a variation of the title of the series spoken as the answer to a question posed by Hacker.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Several episodes were adapted for BBC Radio, and a stage play was produced in 2010, the latter leading to a new television series on UKTV Gold in 2013.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Set principally in the private office of a British Cabinet minister in the fictional Department of Administrative Affairs in Whitehall, \"Yes Minister\" follows the ministerial career of the Rt Hon Jim Hacker MP, played by Paul Eddington.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ The 1995 Quebec referendum was the second referendum to ask voters in the Canadian French-speaking province of Quebec whether Quebec should proclaim national sovereignty and become an independent country, with the condition precedent of offering a political and economic agreement to Canada.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ The culmination of multiple years of debate and planning after the failure of the Meech Lake and Charlottetown constitutional accords, the referendum was launched solely by the provincial Parti Québécois government of Jacques Parizeau.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ Despite initial predictions of a heavy sovereignist defeat, an eventful and complex campaign followed, with the \"Yes\" side flourishing after being taken over by charismatic Bloc Québécois leader Lucien Bouchard.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ The Yes Men are a culture jamming activist duo and network of supporters created by Jacques Servin and Igor Vamos.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ Through actions of tactical media, the Yes Men primarily aim to raise awareness about problematic social and political issues.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ To date, the duo have produced three films: \"The Yes Men\" (2003), \"The Yes Men Fix the World\" (2009) and \"The Yes Men Are Revolting\" (2014).", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ In these films, they impersonate entities that they dislike, a practice that they call \"identity correction\".", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ The Yes Men operate under the mission statement that lies can expose truth.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ They create and maintain fake websites similar to ones they intend to spoof, which have led to numerous interview, conference, and TV talk show invitations.", "Say Yes (Michelle Williams song) __knowledge__ \"Say Yes\" is a song recorded by American recording artist Michelle Williams, taken from her fourth studio album \"Journey to Freedom\" (2014).", "Say Yes (Michelle Williams song) __knowledge__ It features Williams' former Destiny's Child groupmates Beyoncé and Kelly Rowland.", "Say Yes (Michelle Williams song) __knowledge__ The song was written by Williams, Carmen Reece, Al Sherrod Lambert and Harmony Samuels who also produced it.", "Say Yes (Michelle Williams song) __knowledge__ E1 Music released \"Say Yes\" as the album's third single on June 2, 2014.", "Say Yes (Michelle Williams song) __knowledge__ \"Say Yes\" marks the third time the trio collaborated as solo artists following the disbandment of their group in 2006.", "Say Yes (Michelle Williams song) __knowledge__ Musically, \"Say Yes\" is an uptempo gospel and pop song, which takes influence from dance music.", "Heavy metal genres __knowledge__ A number of heavy metal genres have developed since the emergence of heavy metal (often shortened to \"metal\") during the late 1960s and early 1970s.", "Heavy metal genres __knowledge__ At times heavy metal genres may overlap or are difficult to distinguish, but they can be identified by a number of traits.", "Heavy metal genres __knowledge__ They may differ in terms of: instrumentation, tempo, song structure, vocal style, lyrics, guitar playing style, drumming style, and so on.", "Heavy metal genres __knowledge__ Alternative metal is a style of heavy metal and alternative rock which emerged in the mid-1980s, and gained popularity in the early 1990s.", "Heavy metal genres __knowledge__ Alternative metal usually combines heavy metal with influences from genres like alternative rock, and in some cases other genres not normally associated with metal as well.", "Christian metal __knowledge__ Christian metal, also known as white metal, Jesus metal or heavenly metal, is a form of heavy metal music usually defined by its message using song lyrics as well as the dedication of the band members to Christianity.", "Christian metal __knowledge__ Christian metal is typically performed by professed Christians principally for Christians who listen to heavy metal music and often produced and distributed through various Christian networks.", "Christian metal __knowledge__ Christian metal bands exist in most of the subgenres of heavy metal music, and the only common link among most Christian metal bands are the lyrics.", "Christian metal __knowledge__ The Christian themes are often melded with the subjects of the genre the band is rooted in, regularly providing a Christian take on the subject matter.", "Australian heavy metal __knowledge__ Australian heavy metal music has its roots in both the Australian hard rock and pub rock tradition of the 1970s and the American and British heavy metal scenes.", "Australian heavy metal __knowledge__ Since the mid-1980s, Australian heavy metal has been particularly influenced by foreign bands, particularly Swedish death metal, American thrash metal and black metal from Norway.", "Australian heavy metal __knowledge__ Within Australia heavy metal has always remained part of the underground but since the mid-1990s many Australian metal acts have found widespread acceptance in overseas markets, particularly in Europe.", "Australian heavy metal __knowledge__ AC/DC is often cited as being Australia's foremost hard rock band.", "Nu metal __knowledge__ Nu metal (also known as nü-metal and ) is a form of that combines elements of with elements of other music genres such as hip hop, alternative rock, funk and grunge.", "Nu metal __knowledge__ bands have drawn elements and influences from a variety of musical styles, including multiple genres of heavy metal.", "Nu metal __knowledge__ rarely features guitar solos; the genre is heavily syncopated and based on guitar riffs.", "Nu metal __knowledge__ Many nu metal guitarists use that are down-tuned to play a heavier sound.", "Nu metal __knowledge__ DJs are occasionally featured in nu metal to provide instrumentation such as sampling, turntable scratching and electronic backgrounds.", "Nu metal __knowledge__ Vocal styles in include singing, rapping, screaming and growling.", "Heavy metal subculture __knowledge__ Fans of heavy metal music have created their own subculture which encompasses more than just appreciation of the style of music.", "Heavy metal subculture __knowledge__ Fans affirm their membership in the subculture or scene by attending metal concerts–an activity seen as central to the subculture, buying albums, in some cases growing their hair long, wearing leather jackets and t-shirts with band names and logos and most recently, by contributing to metal websites.", "Heavy metal subculture __knowledge__ Metal fans may also write or take photos for metal zines.", "Heavy metal subculture __knowledge__ Some critics and musicians have suggested that the subculture is largely intolerant to other musical genres.", "Heavy metal subculture __knowledge__ The metal scene, like the rock scene in general, is associated with alcohol, tobacco and drug use as well as riding motorcycles and having a lot of tattoos.", "Heavy metal lyrics __knowledge__ Heavy metal lyrics are the words used in songs by heavy metal artists.", "Heavy metal lyrics __knowledge__ Given that there are many genres of heavy metal, it is difficult to make generalizations about the lyrics and lyrical themes.", "Heavy metal lyrics __knowledge__ In 1989, two metal scholars wrote that heavy metal lyrics concentrate \"on dark and depressing subject matter to an extent hitherto unprecedented\" in any form of popular music.", "Heavy metal lyrics __knowledge__ Jeffrey Arnett states that metal songs are \"overwhelmingly dominated\" by \"ugly and unhappy\" themes which express \"no hope\" for the future.", "Heavy metal lyrics __knowledge__ Deena Weinstein has proposed one way to analyze metal song themes is loosely grouping them into two categories: the Dionysian theme (a reference to the Roman God of wine), which celebrates \"sex, drugs and rock and roll\", partying, and enjoyment of life and the Chaotic theme, which involves dark subjects such as Hell, injustice, mayhem, carnage and death." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Heavy metal (or simply metal) is a genre of rock music that developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s, largely in the United Kingdom.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ With roots in blues rock and psychedelic/acid rock, the bands that created heavy metal developed a thick, massive sound, characterized by highly amplified distortion, extended guitar solos, emphatic beats, and overall loudness.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Heavy metal lyrics and performance styles are sometimes associated with aggression and machismo.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ In 1968, three of the genre's most famous acts, Led Zeppelin, Black Sabbath and Deep Purple were founded.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Though they came to attract wide audiences, they were often derided by critics.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ During the mid-1970s, Judas Priest helped spur the genre's evolution by discarding much of its blues influence; Motörhead introduced a punk rock sensibility and an increasing emphasis on speed.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Beginning in the late 1970s, bands in the new wave of British heavy metal such as Iron Maiden and Saxon followed in a similar vein.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Before the end of the decade, heavy metal fans became known as \"metalheads\" or \"headbangers\".", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ During the 1980s, glam metal became popular with groups such as Mötley Crüe and Poison.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Underground scenes produced an array of more aggressive styles: thrash metal broke into the mainstream with bands such as Metallica, Megadeth, Slayer, and Anthrax, while other extreme subgenres of metal such as death metal and black metal remain subcultural phenomena.", "Stairway to Heaven __knowledge__ \"Stairway to Heaven\" is a song by the English rock band Led Zeppelin, released in late 1971.", "Stairway to Heaven __knowledge__ It was composed by guitarist Jimmy Page and vocalist Robert Plant for the band's untitled fourth studio album (often called \"Led Zeppelin IV\").", "Stairway to Heaven __knowledge__ It is often referred to as one of the greatest rock songs of all time.", "Stairway to Heaven __knowledge__ The song has three sections, each one progressively increasing in tempo and volume.", "Stairway to Heaven __knowledge__ The song begins in a slow tempo with acoustic instruments (guitar and recorders) before introducing electric instruments.", "Stairway to Heaven __knowledge__ The final section is an uptempo hard rock arrangement highlighted by Page's intricate guitar solo accompanying Plant's vocals that end with the plaintive a cappella line: \"And she's buying a stairway to heaven.\"", "Led Zeppelin __knowledge__ Led Zeppelin were an English rock band formed in London in 1968.", "Led Zeppelin __knowledge__ The group consisted of guitarist Jimmy Page, singer Robert Plant, bassist and keyboardist John Paul Jones, and drummer John Bonham.", "Led Zeppelin __knowledge__ The band's heavy, guitar-driven sound has led them to be cited as one of the progenitors of heavy metal.", "Led Zeppelin __knowledge__ Their style drew from a wide variety of influences, including blues, psychedelia, and folk music.", "Led Zeppelin __knowledge__ After changing their name from the New Yardbirds, Led Zeppelin signed a deal with Atlantic Records that afforded them considerable artistic freedom.", "Led Zeppelin __knowledge__ Although the group was initially unpopular with critics, they achieved significant commercial success with albums such as \"Led Zeppelin\" (1969), \"Led Zeppelin II\" (1969), \"Led Zeppelin III\" (1970), \"Led Zeppelin IV\" (1971), \"Houses of the Holy\" (1973), \"Physical Graffiti\" (1975), \"Presence\" (1976) and \"In Through the Out Door\" (1979).", "Led Zeppelin covers and tributes __knowledge__ Led Zeppelin songs have been the subject of cover versions on occasion; American band Dread Zeppelin have made a career out of covering and parodying Zeppelin tunes.", "Led Zeppelin covers and tributes __knowledge__ However, other serious and authentic-sounding tribute bands have also emerged, striving to keep the true essence of a Led Zeppelin live show experience alive such as the Brazilian \"Led Brazil\" and Swan Song - A Tribute to Led Zeppelin, In the Light, and the British band Fred Zeppelin, who are based in the Black Country homeland of Plant and Bonham and have been seen by Robert Plant several times.", "Led Zeppelin covers and tributes __knowledge__ Lez Zeppelin is also an all-female tribute act, performing the work of Led Zeppelin.", "Jimmy Page __knowledge__ James Patrick Page, (born 9 January 1944) is an English musician, songwriter, and record producer who achieved international success as the guitarist and founder of the rock band Led Zeppelin.", "Jimmy Page __knowledge__ Page began his career as a studio session musician in London and, by the mid-1960s, alongside Big Jim Sullivan, was one of the most sought-after session guitarists in Britain.", "Jimmy Page __knowledge__ He was a member of the Yardbirds from 1966 to 1968.", "Jimmy Page __knowledge__ In late 1968, he founded Led Zeppelin.", "Jimmy Page __knowledge__ Page is widely considered to be one of the greatest and most influential guitarists of all time.", "Jimmy Page __knowledge__ \"Rolling Stone\" magazine has described Page as \"the pontiff of power riffing\" and ranked him number 3 in their list of the \"100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time.\"", "Robert Plant __knowledge__ Robert Anthony Plant, (born 20 August 1948) is an English singer, songwriter, and musician, best known as the lead singer and lyricist of the rock band Led Zeppelin.", "Robert Plant __knowledge__ A powerful and wide vocal range (particularly evident in his high-pitched vocals) has given him a successful singing career spanning over 50 years.", "Robert Plant __knowledge__ Plant is regarded as one of the greatest singers in the history of rock and roll.", "Robert Plant __knowledge__ In 2006, Heavy Metal magazine \"Hit Parader\" named Plant the \"Greatest Metal Vocalist of All Time\".", "Robert Plant __knowledge__ In 2009, Plant was voted \"the greatest voice in rock\" in a poll conducted by \"Planet Rock\".", "Robert Plant __knowledge__ In 2008, \"Rolling Stone\" editors ranked him number 15 on their list of the 100 best singers of all time.", "Led Zeppelin IV __knowledge__ English rock band Led Zeppelin's untitled fourth album, known as Led Zeppelin IV for commercial purposes, was released on 8 November 1971 by Atlantic Records.", "Led Zeppelin IV __knowledge__ Produced by guitarist Jimmy Page, it was recorded between November 1970 and January 1971 at several locations, most prominently the Victorian house Headley Grange.", "Led Zeppelin IV __knowledge__ After the band's previous album \"Led Zeppelin III\" received lukewarm reviews from critics, Page decided their fourth album would officially be untitled.", "Led Zeppelin IV __knowledge__ This, along with the inner sleeve's design featuring four symbols that represented each band member, led to the album being referred to variously as , Four Symbols, The Fourth Album, Untitled, Runes, The Hermit, and ZoSo (which was derived from Page's symbol).", "Backmasking __knowledge__ Backmasking is a recording technique in which a sound or message is recorded backward onto a track that is meant to be played forward.", "Backmasking __knowledge__ Backmasking is a deliberate process, whereas a message found through phonetic reversal may be unintentional.", "Backmasking __knowledge__ Backmasking was popularised by The Beatles, who used backward instrumentation on their 1966 album \"Revolver\".", "Backmasking __knowledge__ Artists have since used backmasking for artistic, comedic and satiric effect, on both analogue and digital recordings.", "Backmasking __knowledge__ The technique has also been used to censor words or phrases for \"clean\" releases of explicit songs.", "Backmasking __knowledge__ Backmasking has been a controversial topic in the United States since the 1970s and popular during the 1980s and 1990s, when allegations from Christian groups of its use for Satanic purposes were made against prominent rock musicians, leading to record-burning protests and proposed anti-backmasking legislation by state and federal governments.", "Black Sabbath __knowledge__ Black Sabbath were an English rock band, formed in Birmingham in 1968, by guitarist and main songwriter Tony Iommi, bassist and main lyricist Geezer Butler, singer Ozzy Osbourne, and drummer Bill Ward.", "Black Sabbath __knowledge__ Black Sabbath are often cited as pioneers of heavy metal music.", "Black Sabbath __knowledge__ The band helped define the genre with releases such as \"Black Sabbath\" (1970), \"Paranoid\" (1970) and \"Master of Reality\" (1971).", "Black Sabbath __knowledge__ The band had multiple line-up changes, with Iommi being the only constant member throughout its history.", "Black Sabbath __knowledge__ Formed in 1968 as the Polka Tulk Blues Band, a blues rock band, the group went through line up changes, renamed themselves as Earth, broke up and reformed.", "Deep Purple __knowledge__ Deep Purple are an English rock band formed in Hertford in 1968.", "Deep Purple __knowledge__ The band is considered to be among the pioneers of heavy metal and modern hard rock, although their musical approach changed over the years.", "Deep Purple __knowledge__ Originally formed as a progressive rock band, the band shifted to a heavier sound in 1970.", "Deep Purple __knowledge__ Deep Purple, together with Led Zeppelin and Black Sabbath, have been referred to as the \"unholy trinity of British hard rock and heavy metal in the early to mid-seventies\".", "Deep Purple __knowledge__ They were listed in the 1975 \"Guinness Book of World Records\" as \"the globe's loudest band\" for a 1972 concert at London's Rainbow Theatre, and have sold over 100 million albums worldwide.", "Hard rock __knowledge__ Hard rock is a loosely defined subgenre of rock music that began in the mid-1960s, with the garage, psychedelic and blues rock movements.", "Hard rock __knowledge__ It is typified by a heavy use of aggressive vocals, distorted electric guitars, bass guitar, drums, and often accompanied with keyboards.", "Hard rock __knowledge__ Hard rock developed into a major form of popular music in the 1970s, with notable bands such as AC/DC, the Who, Led Zeppelin, Queen, Black Sabbath, Deep Purple, Aerosmith, KISS and Van Halen.", "Hard rock __knowledge__ During the 1980s, some hard rock bands moved away from their hard rock roots and more towards pop rock, while others began to return to a hard rock sound.", "Ian Gillan __knowledge__ Ian Gillan (born 19 August 1945) is an English singer and songwriter.", "Ian Gillan __knowledge__ He originally found commercial success as the lead singer and lyricist for Deep Purple.", "Ian Gillan __knowledge__ Initially influenced by Elvis Presley, Gillan started and fronted several local bands in the mid-1960s, and eventually joined Episode Six when their original singer left.", "Ian Gillan __knowledge__ He first found widespread commercial success after joining Deep Purple in 1969.", "Ian Gillan __knowledge__ After an almost non-stop workload, during which time he recorded six albums in four years, and problematic relationships with other band members, particularly guitarist Ritchie Blackmore, Gillan resigned from the band in June 1973, having given a lengthy notice period to their managers.", "Black Sabbath (album) __knowledge__ Black Sabbath is the self-titled debut album by the English rock band Black Sabbath.", "Black Sabbath (album) __knowledge__ Released on 13 February 1970 in the United Kingdom and on 1 June 1970 in the United States, the album reached number eight on the UK Albums Charts and number 23 on the \"Billboard\" charts.", "Black Sabbath (album) __knowledge__ Poorly received by most contemporary music critics at the time, \"Black Sabbath\" is now widely considered the first heavy metal album.", "Black Sabbath (album) __knowledge__ According to Black Sabbath guitarist and founder member Tony Iommi, the group's debut album was recorded in a single day on 16 October 1969.", "Black Sabbath (album) __knowledge__ The session lasted twelve hours.", "Black Sabbath (album) __knowledge__ Iommi said: \"We just went in the studio and did it in a day, we played our live set and that was it." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Heavy metal (or simply metal) is a genre of rock music that developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s, largely in the United Kingdom.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ With roots in blues rock and psychedelic/acid rock, the bands that created heavy metal developed a thick, massive sound, characterized by highly amplified distortion, extended guitar solos, emphatic beats, and overall loudness.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Heavy metal lyrics and performance styles are sometimes associated with aggression and machismo.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ In 1968, three of the genre's most famous acts, Led Zeppelin, Black Sabbath and Deep Purple were founded.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Though they came to attract wide audiences, they were often derided by critics.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ During the mid-1970s, Judas Priest helped spur the genre's evolution by discarding much of its blues influence; Motörhead introduced a punk rock sensibility and an increasing emphasis on speed.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Beginning in the late 1970s, bands in the new wave of British heavy metal such as Iron Maiden and Saxon followed in a similar vein.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Before the end of the decade, heavy metal fans became known as \"metalheads\" or \"headbangers\".", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ During the 1980s, glam metal became popular with groups such as Mötley Crüe and Poison.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Underground scenes produced an array of more aggressive styles: thrash metal broke into the mainstream with bands such as Metallica, Megadeth, Slayer, and Anthrax, while other extreme subgenres of metal such as death metal and black metal remain subcultural phenomena.", "Heavy metal genres __knowledge__ A number of heavy metal genres have developed since the emergence of heavy metal (often shortened to \"metal\") during the late 1960s and early 1970s.", "Heavy metal genres __knowledge__ At times heavy metal genres may overlap or are difficult to distinguish, but they can be identified by a number of traits.", "Heavy metal genres __knowledge__ They may differ in terms of: instrumentation, tempo, song structure, vocal style, lyrics, guitar playing style, drumming style, and so on.", "Heavy metal genres __knowledge__ Alternative metal is a style of heavy metal and alternative rock which emerged in the mid-1980s, and gained popularity in the early 1990s.", "Heavy metal genres __knowledge__ Alternative metal usually combines heavy metal with influences from genres like alternative rock, and in some cases other genres not normally associated with metal as well.", "Nu metal __knowledge__ Nu metal (also known as nü-metal and ) is a form of that combines elements of with elements of other music genres such as hip hop, alternative rock, funk and grunge.", "Nu metal __knowledge__ bands have drawn elements and influences from a variety of musical styles, including multiple genres of heavy metal.", "Nu metal __knowledge__ rarely features guitar solos; the genre is heavily syncopated and based on guitar riffs.", "Nu metal __knowledge__ Many nu metal guitarists use that are down-tuned to play a heavier sound.", "Nu metal __knowledge__ DJs are occasionally featured in nu metal to provide instrumentation such as sampling, turntable scratching and electronic backgrounds.", "Nu metal __knowledge__ Vocal styles in include singing, rapping, screaming and growling.", "Heavy metal lyrics __knowledge__ Heavy metal lyrics are the words used in songs by heavy metal artists.", "Heavy metal lyrics __knowledge__ Given that there are many genres of heavy metal, it is difficult to make generalizations about the lyrics and lyrical themes.", "Heavy metal lyrics __knowledge__ In 1989, two metal scholars wrote that heavy metal lyrics concentrate \"on dark and depressing subject matter to an extent hitherto unprecedented\" in any form of popular music.", "Heavy metal lyrics __knowledge__ Jeffrey Arnett states that metal songs are \"overwhelmingly dominated\" by \"ugly and unhappy\" themes which express \"no hope\" for the future.", "Heavy metal lyrics __knowledge__ Deena Weinstein has proposed one way to analyze metal song themes is loosely grouping them into two categories: the Dionysian theme (a reference to the Roman God of wine), which celebrates \"sex, drugs and rock and roll\", partying, and enjoyment of life and the Chaotic theme, which involves dark subjects such as Hell, injustice, mayhem, carnage and death.", "Brütal Legend __knowledge__ Brütal Legend is an action-adventure video game with real-time strategy game elements created by Double Fine Productions and published by Electronic Arts for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360.", "Brütal Legend __knowledge__ The game was released during October 2009 in North America, Europe, and Australia.", "Brütal Legend __knowledge__ Though \"Brütal Legend\" was originally to be published by Vivendi Games prior to its merger with Activision, Activision dropped the game from its portfolio after the merger.", "Brütal Legend __knowledge__ It was later picked up by Electronic Arts, though Activision and Double Fine brought counter-lawsuits against each other over publishing issues.", "Brütal Legend __knowledge__ The issues were settled out of court.", "Popular music of Birmingham __knowledge__ Birmingham's culture of popular music first developed in the mid-1950s.", "Popular music of Birmingham __knowledge__ By the early 1960s the city's music scene had emerged as one of the largest and most vibrant in the country; a \"seething cauldron of musical activity\", with over 500 bands constantly exchanging members and performing regularly across a well-developed network of venues and promoters.", "Popular music of Birmingham __knowledge__ By 1963 the city's music was also already becoming recognised for what would become its defining characteristic: the refusal of its musicians to conform to any single style or genre.", "Popular music of Birmingham __knowledge__ Birmingham's tradition of combining a highly collaborative culture with an open acceptance of individualism and experimentation dates back as far back as the 18th century, and musically this has expressed itself in the wide variety of music produced within the city, often by closely related groups of musicians, from the \"rampant eclecticism\" of the Brum beat era, to the city's \"infamously fragmented\" post-punk scene, to the \"astonishing range\" of distinctive and radical electronic music produced in the city from the 1980s to the early 21st century.", "Heavy metal subculture __knowledge__ Fans of heavy metal music have created their own subculture which encompasses more than just appreciation of the style of music.", "Heavy metal subculture __knowledge__ Fans affirm their membership in the subculture or scene by attending metal concerts–an activity seen as central to the subculture, buying albums, in some cases growing their hair long, wearing leather jackets and t-shirts with band names and logos and most recently, by contributing to metal websites.", "Heavy metal subculture __knowledge__ Metal fans may also write or take photos for metal zines.", "Heavy metal subculture __knowledge__ Some critics and musicians have suggested that the subculture is largely intolerant to other musical genres.", "Heavy metal subculture __knowledge__ The metal scene, like the rock scene in general, is associated with alcohol, tobacco and drug use as well as riding motorcycles and having a lot of tattoos.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Rock music is a broad genre of popular music that originated as \"rock and roll\" in the United States in the early 1950s, and developed into a range of different styles in the 1960s and later, particularly in the United Kingdom and in the United States.", "Rock music __knowledge__ It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, a style which drew heavily on the African-American genres of blues and rhythm and blues, and from country music.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Rock music also drew strongly on a number of other genres such as electric blues and folk, and incorporated influences from jazz, classical and other musical styles.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Musically, rock has centered on the electric guitar, usually as part of a rock group with electric bass and drums and one or more singers.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ Folk rock is a music genre combining elements of folk music and rock music.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ In its earliest and narrowest sense, the term referred to a genre that arose in the United States and the United Kingdom around the mid-1960s.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ The genre emerged from bands such as the Beatles, the Searchers, and the Animals in the UK, and Bob Dylan and the Byrds in the US, who played traditional folk music and songs with rock instrumentation.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ The term \"folk rock\" is first noted as being used by the U.S. music press in June 1965 to describe the Byrds' music; the band's debut album was released the same month.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ The commercial success of the Byrds' 1965 cover version of Dylan's \"Mr. Tambourine Man\", along with Dylan's own recordings with rock instrumentation—on the albums \"Bringing It All Back Home\" (1965), \"Highway 61 Revisited\" (1965), and \"Blonde on Blonde\" (1966)—encouraged the creation of folk rock groups in the mid-1960s.", "Psychedelic rock __knowledge__ Psychedelic rock is a diverse style of rock music inspired, influenced, or representative of psychedelic culture, which is centred around perception-altering hallucinogenic drugs.", "Psychedelic rock __knowledge__ Psychedelic rock is intended to replicate and enhance the mind-altering experiences of psychedelic drugs, most notably LSD.", "Psychedelic rock __knowledge__ Many psychedelic groups differ in style, and the label is often used indiscriminately.", "Psychedelic rock __knowledge__ Originating in the mid-1960s among British and American musicians, the sounds of psychedelic rock invokes three core effects of LSD: depersonalization, dechronicization, and dynamization; all of which detach the user from reality.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ The music of the United States reflects the country's multi-ethnic population through a diverse array of styles.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ It is a mixture of music influenced by West African, Irish, Scottish and mainland European among others.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ The country's most internationally renowned genres are jazz, blues, country, bluegrass, rock, rhythm and blues, soul, ragtime, hip hop, barbershop, pop, experimental, techno, house, dance, boogaloo, salsa, and rock and roll.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ The United States has the world's largest music market with a total retail value of 4,898.3 million dollars in 2014, and its music is heard around the world.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ Since the beginning of the 20th century, some forms of American popular music have gained a near global audience.", "American rock __knowledge__ American rock is rock music from the United States.", "American rock __knowledge__ It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, rhythm and blues, and country music, and also drew on folk music, jazz, blues, and classical music.", "American rock __knowledge__ American rock music was further influenced by the British Invasion of the American pop charts from 1964 and resulted in the development of garage rock.", "American rock __knowledge__ From the late 1960s and early 1970s, American rock music was highly influential in the development of a number of fusions, including blending with folk music to create folk rock, with blues to create blues rock, with country music to create country rock, roots rock and southern rock and with jazz to create jazz rock, all of which contributed to psychedelic rock.", "1960s in music __knowledge__ This article includes an overview of the events and trends in popular music in the 1960s.", "1960s in music __knowledge__ In North America and Europe the decade was particularly revolutionary in terms of popular music, as it saw the evolution of rock.", "1960s in music __knowledge__ At the beginning of the 1960s, pop and rock and roll trends of the 1950s continued; nevertheless, the rock and roll of the decade before started to merge into a more international, eclectic variant known as rock.", "1960s in music __knowledge__ In the early-1960s, rock and roll in its purest form was gradually overtaken by pop rock, beat, psychedelic rock, blues rock, and folk rock, which had grown in popularity." ] ]

[ 1, 4, 20, 10 ]

[ "Do you like heavy metal music?", "It started mostly in 1968 with Led Zeppelin, Black Sabbath, and Deep Purple.", "Yes and their sound is like blues, psychedelia, and folk music all in one.", "No Led Zeppelin has those three genres. Heavy metal has a lot of genres such as thrash metal from bands like Metallica, Megadeth and Slayer." ]

[ "Heavy metal music", "Heavy metal music", "Heavy metal music", "Heavy metal music" ]

[ "Tokyo", "Hello there, no I have not but I heard that it is a really intriguing place to visit. When do you plan on going?", "I totally understand. One of the places I would like to see in Tokyo is the Meji Shinto Shrine. Have you ever heard about it?", "Yes it is. Their architecture is mesmerizing. You are that is cool. Did you ever hear about the Great Kanto? ", "Actually it is the Great Kanto Earthquake. It was a massive earthquake that took place in Tokyo in 1923 that destroyed large parts of Tokyo. I hope that nothing like that ever happens again." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tokyo __knowledge__ Tokyo (, ), officially Tokyo Metropolis, is the capital city of Japan and one of its 47 prefectures.", "Tokyo __knowledge__ The Greater Tokyo Area is the most populous metropolitan area in the world.", "Tokyo __knowledge__ It is the seat of the Emperor of Japan and the Japanese government.", "Tokyo __knowledge__ Tokyo is in the Kantō region on the southeastern side of the main island Honshu and includes the Izu Islands and Ogasawara Islands.", "Tokyo __knowledge__ Formerly known as Edo, it has been the de facto seat of government since 1603 when Shogun Tokugawa Ieyasu made the city his headquarters.", "Tokyo __knowledge__ It officially became the capital after Emperor Meiji moved his seat to the city from the old capital of Kyoto in 1868; at that time Edo was renamed Tokyo.", "Tokyo __knowledge__ Tokyo Metropolis was formed in 1943 from the merger of the former and the .", "Tokyo __knowledge__ Tokyo is often referred to as a city, but is officially known and governed as a \"metropolitan prefecture\", which differs from and combines elements of a city and a prefecture, a characteristic unique to Tokyo.", "Tokyo __knowledge__ The Tokyo metropolitan government administers the 23 Special Wards of Tokyo (each governed as an individual city), which cover the area that was the City of Tokyo before it merged and became the metropolitan prefecture in 1943.", "Tokyo __knowledge__ The metropolitan government also administers 39 municipalities in the western part of the prefecture and the two outlying island chains." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tokyo __knowledge__ Tokyo (, ), officially Tokyo Metropolis, is the capital city of Japan and one of its 47 prefectures.", "Tokyo __knowledge__ The Greater Tokyo Area is the most populous metropolitan area in the world.", "Tokyo __knowledge__ It is the seat of the Emperor of Japan and the Japanese government.", "Tokyo __knowledge__ Tokyo is in the Kantō region on the southeastern side of the main island Honshu and includes the Izu Islands and Ogasawara Islands.", "Tokyo __knowledge__ Formerly known as Edo, it has been the de facto seat of government since 1603 when Shogun Tokugawa Ieyasu made the city his headquarters.", "Tokyo __knowledge__ It officially became the capital after Emperor Meiji moved his seat to the city from the old capital of Kyoto in 1868; at that time Edo was renamed Tokyo.", "Tokyo __knowledge__ Tokyo Metropolis was formed in 1943 from the merger of the former and the .", "Tokyo __knowledge__ Tokyo is often referred to as a city, but is officially known and governed as a \"metropolitan prefecture\", which differs from and combines elements of a city and a prefecture, a characteristic unique to Tokyo.", "Tokyo __knowledge__ The Tokyo metropolitan government administers the 23 Special Wards of Tokyo (each governed as an individual city), which cover the area that was the City of Tokyo before it merged and became the metropolitan prefecture in 1943.", "Tokyo __knowledge__ The metropolitan government also administers 39 municipalities in the western part of the prefecture and the two outlying island chains.", "Neverwinter Nights 2 __knowledge__ Neverwinter Nights 2 is a role-playing video game developed by Obsidian Entertainment and published by Atari, Inc.", "Neverwinter Nights 2 __knowledge__ It is the sequel to BioWare's \"Neverwinter Nights\", based on the \"Dungeons & Dragons\" pencil and paper fantasy role-playing game.", "Neverwinter Nights 2 __knowledge__ \"Neverwinter Nights 2\" utilizes an adaptation of the \"Dungeons & Dragons\" 3.5 edition rules.", "Neverwinter Nights 2 __knowledge__ Players create player characters to represent themselves in the game, using the same character creation rules as found in the \"Dungeons & Dragons\" game.", "Neverwinter Nights 2 __knowledge__ They may gain the assistance of additional party members, and they eventually acquire a keep that can be used as a base of operations.", "List of Neighbours characters (2017) __knowledge__ \"Neighbours\" is an Australian television soap opera.", "List of Neighbours characters (2017) __knowledge__ It was first broadcast on 18 March 1985 and currently airs on digital channel Eleven.", "List of Neighbours characters (2017) __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that appeared in the show in 2017, by order of first appearance.", "List of Neighbours characters (2017) __knowledge__ All characters are introduced by the shows executive producer Jason Herbison.", "List of Neighbours characters (2017) __knowledge__ The 33rd season of \"Neighbours\" began airing from 9 January 2017.", "List of Neighbours characters (2017) __knowledge__ Andrea and Willow Somers made their debuts during the same month.", "List of Neighbours characters (2017) __knowledge__ Teacher Finn Kelly was introduced during March, while Dipi, Kirsha and Yashvi Rebecchi, along with Dipi's sister Mishti Sharma, arrived in April.", "List of Neighbours characters (2017) __knowledge__ Jeremy Newell and Mannix Foster appeared in June.", "Maggie (film) __knowledge__ Maggie is a 2015 post-apocalyptic horror drama film directed by Henry Hobson, in his directorial debut, written by John Scott 3, and starring Arnold Schwarzenegger, Abigail Breslin and Joely Richardson.", "Maggie (film) __knowledge__ \"Maggie\" is a dramatic departure for Schwarzenegger, who is better known for his action film roles.", "Maggie (film) __knowledge__ The film was originally set to have its world premiere at the 2014 Toronto International Film Festival, but Lionsgate bought the American distribution rights and pulled the film out of the festival's roster.", "Maggie (film) __knowledge__ It instead premiered at the 2015 Tribeca Film Festival on April 23, 2015, as part of their lineup, followed by a limited theatrical release and simultaneous VOD release on May 8, 2015.", "Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet __knowledge__ Field Marshal Sir Henry Hughes Wilson, 1st Baronet, (5 May 1864 – 22 June 1922) was one of the most senior British Army staff officers of the First World War and was briefly an Irish unionist politician.", "Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet __knowledge__ Wilson served as Commandant of the Staff College, Camberley, and then as Director of Military Operations at the War Office, in which post he played a vital role in drawing up plans to deploy an Expeditionary Force to France in the event of war.", "Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet __knowledge__ During these years Wilson acquired a reputation as a political intriguer for his role in agitating for the introduction of conscription and in the Curragh incident of 1914, when he encouraged senior officers to resign rather than move against the Ulster Volunteers (UVF).", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ No Man's Sky is an action-adventure survival video game developed and published by the indie studio Hello Games for PlayStation 4 and Microsoft Windows.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ It was released worldwide in August 2016.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ The game is built around four pillars: exploration, survival, combat, and trading.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ Players are free to perform within the entirety of a procedurally generated deterministic open universe, which includes over 18 quintillion planets.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ Through the game's procedural generation system, planets have their own ecosystems with unique forms of flora and fauna, and various sentient alien species may engage the player in combat or trade within planetary systems.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ , formerly simply and colloquially referred to as , is a Japanese female idol group, holding the second highest overall single sales (of a female group) on the Oricon charts as of February 2012, with the Oricon record of most top ten singles with an amount of 50, and they have sold over 21 million copies in Japan alone.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ Morning Musume was formed in 1997 by rock singer-songwriter turned record producer Tsunku, who later composed the vast majority of the group's songs over the decade.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ They are the lead group of Hello!", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ Project that specialises in upbeat, pop-oriented music coupled with dance performance.", "Ultimate Comics: X-Men __knowledge__ Ultimate Comics: X-Men was an ongoing monthly comic-book series published by Marvel Comics.", "Ultimate Comics: X-Men __knowledge__ It made its debut in September 2011 as part of the second re-launch of \"Ultimate Marvel\", though was canceled in 2013.", "Ultimate Comics: X-Men __knowledge__ Through the \"Ultimate Universe Reborn\" tagline following the \"\", and written by Nick Spencer with art by Paco Medina, the series serves as a continuation of earlier titles such as \"Ultimate X-Men\", \"\", and the \"Ultimate Comics: Fallout\" mini-series.", "Ultimate Comics: X-Men __knowledge__ This title also exists alongside other relaunched Ultimate Marvel works, including \"\" and \"\".", "Ultimate Comics: X-Men __knowledge__ It was announced in May 2011 that \"Ultimate X-Men\" would be re-launched under the \"Ultimate Comics Universe Reborn\" tagline.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ Shortly after her creation in 1974, the Hello Kitty vinyl coin purse was introduced by Sanrio in March 1975.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ The character was then brought to the United States in 1976.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ The character is a staple of the \"kawaii\" segment of Japanese popular culture.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ By 2010, Sanrio had groomed Hello Kitty into a global marketing phenomenon worth $5 billion a year.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ By 2014, when Hello Kitty was 40 years old, she was worth about $7 billion a year, all without advertising except on Sanrio's, related show producers', and ticket sales' webpages and at show venues and nearby locations.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ Originally aimed at preadolescent females, Hello Kitty's market has broadened to include adult consumers, being found on a variety of products ranging from school supplies to fashion accessories.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ \"Hello, Goodbye\" is a song by the English rock band the Beatles, written by Paul McCartney and credited to Lennon–McCartney.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ Backed by John Lennon's \"I Am the Walrus\", it was issued as a non-album single in November 1967, the group's first release since the death of their manager, Brian Epstein.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ The single was commercially successful around the world, topping charts in the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and several other countries.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ McCartney later said that the lyrics take duality as their theme.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ The song originated when, in response to a question from Beatles aide Alistair Taylor about songwriting, McCartney sat down at a harmonium and asked Taylor to say the opposite of whatever he said.", "Colours (Ayumi Hamasaki album) __knowledge__ Colours (stylized as CoLOURS) is the fifteenth studio album by Japanese recording artist Ayumi Hamasaki.", "Colours (Ayumi Hamasaki album) __knowledge__ It was released on July 2, 2014, in Japan by Avex Trax, worldwide by Avex Entertainment Inc., and on July 18 in Taiwan by Avex Taiwan.", "Colours (Ayumi Hamasaki album) __knowledge__ The songs on the album were entirely written by Hamasaki, while production was led by long-time collaborator Max Matsuura; it also included a variety of Western producers such as Armin van Buuren, members from RedOne Productions De Paris and Rush, Darkchild, and Fedde Le Grand, among others.", "Colours (Ayumi Hamasaki album) __knowledge__ This became Hamasaki's first studio album to have not been fully produced by Matsuura, and her first album to incorporate a large amount of English language.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Sanrio, a Japanese company specialized in creating cute characters.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Beginning in 1963, Sanrio sells and licenses products branded with these characters and has created over 400 characters, with the most successful and best known being Hello Kitty.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ The characters listed here are shown with the year in which they first appeared.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ is the best-known of Sanrio's fictional characters, created in 1974.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Hello Kitty is drawn simply with a trademark red bow.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Registered in 1975, Hello Kitty is now a globally known trademark.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Hello Kitty has been marketed in the United States from the beginning and has held the position of U.S. children's ambassador for UNICEF since 1983.", "Cute (Japanese idol group) __knowledge__ Cute, stylized as , was a Japanese idol girl group part of Hello!", "Cute (Japanese idol group) __knowledge__ Project collective produced by Tsunku, who also writes almost all the group's songs.", "Cute (Japanese idol group) __knowledge__ Cute consisted of Maimi Yajima, Saki Nakajima, Airi Suzuki, Chisato Okai, and Mai Hagiwara, who were all members of Hello!", "Cute (Japanese idol group) __knowledge__ Project Kids prior to the group's formation.", "Cute (Japanese idol group) __knowledge__ The original member line-up also consisted of fellow Hello!", "Cute (Japanese idol group) __knowledge__ Project Kids members Megumi Murakami and Erika Umeda, as well as Hello!", "Cute (Japanese idol group) __knowledge__ Project trainee Kanna Arihara, prior to their departure.", "Cute (Japanese idol group) __knowledge__ After releasing a string of independent hits, Cute made its major debut in 2007 with \"Sakura Chirari\" and that year won the Japan Record Award for Best New Artist.", "Hello Kitty (song) __knowledge__ \"Hello Kitty\" is a song by Canadian singer-songwriter Avril Lavigne, taken from her self-titled fifth studio album, \"Avril Lavigne\" (2013).", "Hello Kitty (song) __knowledge__ The song was released as a Japan-only fourth single.", "Hello Kitty (song) __knowledge__ It was written by Lavigne, Chad Kroeger, David Hodges and Martin Johnson.", "Hello Kitty (song) __knowledge__ Production was handled by Kroeger and Hodges, with additional production by Brandon Paddock and Kyle Moorman.", "Hello Kitty (song) __knowledge__ Musically, \"Hello Kitty\" is a J-pop, dubstep, and EDM song, featuring an electro-influenced drop.", "Hello Kitty (song) __knowledge__ The song was influenced by her obsession with all things related to the Japanese brand Hello Kitty, and has some sexual content." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tokyo __knowledge__ Tokyo (, ), officially Tokyo Metropolis, is the capital city of Japan and one of its 47 prefectures.", "Tokyo __knowledge__ The Greater Tokyo Area is the most populous metropolitan area in the world.", "Tokyo __knowledge__ It is the seat of the Emperor of Japan and the Japanese government.", "Tokyo __knowledge__ Tokyo is in the Kantō region on the southeastern side of the main island Honshu and includes the Izu Islands and Ogasawara Islands.", "Tokyo __knowledge__ Formerly known as Edo, it has been the de facto seat of government since 1603 when Shogun Tokugawa Ieyasu made the city his headquarters.", "Tokyo __knowledge__ It officially became the capital after Emperor Meiji moved his seat to the city from the old capital of Kyoto in 1868; at that time Edo was renamed Tokyo.", "Tokyo __knowledge__ Tokyo Metropolis was formed in 1943 from the merger of the former and the .", "Tokyo __knowledge__ Tokyo is often referred to as a city, but is officially known and governed as a \"metropolitan prefecture\", which differs from and combines elements of a city and a prefecture, a characteristic unique to Tokyo.", "Tokyo __knowledge__ The Tokyo metropolitan government administers the 23 Special Wards of Tokyo (each governed as an individual city), which cover the area that was the City of Tokyo before it merged and became the metropolitan prefecture in 1943.", "Tokyo __knowledge__ The metropolitan government also administers 39 municipalities in the western part of the prefecture and the two outlying island chains.", "Shinto shrine __knowledge__ A is a structure whose main purpose is to house (\"enshrine\") one or more \"kami\".", "Shinto shrine __knowledge__ Its most important building is used for the safekeeping of sacred objects, and not for worship.", "Shinto shrine __knowledge__ Although only one word (\"shrine\") is used in English, in Japanese Shinto shrines may carry any one of many different, non-equivalent names like \"gongen\", \"-gū\", \"jinja\", \"jingū\", \"mori\", \"myōjin\", \"-sha\", \"taisha\", \"ubusuna\" or \"yashiro\".", "Shinto shrine __knowledge__ (For details, see the section Interpreting shrine names.)", "Shinto shrine __knowledge__ Structurally, a Shinto shrine is usually characterized by the presence of a \"honden\" or sanctuary, where the \"kami\" is enshrined.", "Shinto __knowledge__ Shinto practices were first recorded and codified in the written historical records of the \"Kojiki\" and \"Nihon Shoki\" in the 8th century.", "Shinto __knowledge__ Still, these earliest Japanese writings do not refer to a unified religion, but rather to a collection of native beliefs and mythology.", "Shinto __knowledge__ Shinto today is the religion of public shrines devoted to the worship of a multitude of gods (\"kami\"), suited to various purposes such as war memorials and harvest festivals, and applies as well to various sectarian organizations.", "Shinto __knowledge__ Practitioners express their diverse beliefs through a standard language and practice, adopting a similar style in dress and ritual, dating from around the time of the Nara and Heian periods (8th–12th century).", "Shinto architecture __knowledge__ Shinto architecture is the architecture of Japanese Shinto shrines.", "Shinto architecture __knowledge__ With a few exceptions, the general blueprint of a Shinto shrine is Buddhist in origin.", "Shinto architecture __knowledge__ Before Buddhism, shrines were just temporary structures erected to a particular purpose.", "Shinto architecture __knowledge__ Buddhism brought to Japan the idea of permanent shrines and much of Shinto architecture's vocabulary.", "Shinto architecture __knowledge__ The presence of verandas, stone lanterns, and elaborate gates are examples of this influence.", "Shinto architecture __knowledge__ The composition of a Shinto shrine is extremely variable, and none of its possible features are necessarily present.", "Shinto architecture __knowledge__ Even the \"honden\" or sanctuary, the part which houses the \"kami\" and which is the centerpiece of a shrine, can be missing.", "State Shinto __knowledge__ The State Shinto ideology emerged at the start of the Meiji era, after government officials defined freedom of religion within the Meiji Constitution.", "State Shinto __knowledge__ Imperial scholars believed Shinto reflected the historical fact of the Emperor's divine origins rather than a religious belief, and argued that it should enjoy a privileged relationship with the Japanese state.", "State Shinto __knowledge__ The government argued that Shinto was a non-religious moral tradition and patriotic practice.", "State Shinto __knowledge__ Though early Meiji-era attempts to unite Shinto and the state failed, this non-religious concept of ideological Shinto was incorporated into state bureaucracy.", "Controversies surrounding Yasukuni Shrine __knowledge__ There are major controversies surrounding Yasukuni Shrine, a Japanese Shinto shrine to war dead who served the Emperor of Japan during wars from 1867–1951.", "Controversies surrounding Yasukuni Shrine __knowledge__ This eligibility includes civilians in service and government officials.", "Controversies surrounding Yasukuni Shrine __knowledge__ Yasukuni is a shrine to house the actual souls of the dead as \"kami\", or \"spirits/souls\" as loosely defined in the English words.", "Controversies surrounding Yasukuni Shrine __knowledge__ This activity is strictly a religious matter due to the religious separation of State Shinto and the Japanese Government.", "Controversies surrounding Yasukuni Shrine __knowledge__ The priesthood at the shrine has complete religious autonomy to decide to whom and how enshrinement may occur.", "Controversies surrounding Yasukuni Shrine __knowledge__ It is thought that enshrinement is permanent and irreversible by the current clergy.", "Puyi __knowledge__ Puyi or Pu Yi (; 7 February 190617 October 1967), of the Manchu Aisin Gioro clan, was the last Emperor of China and the twelfth and final ruler of the Qing dynasty.", "Puyi __knowledge__ When he was a child, he reigned as the Xuantong Emperor (; Manchu: \"gehungge yoso hūwangdi\") in China and Khevt Yos Khaan in Mongolia from 1908 until his forced abdication on 12 February 1912, after the Xinhai Revolution.", "Puyi __knowledge__ From 1–12 July 1917, he was briefly restored to the throne as emperor by the warlord Zhang Xun.", "Puyi __knowledge__ In 1932 after the occupation of Manchuria, the state of Manchukuo was established by Japan, and he was chosen to become 'Emperor' of the new state using the era-name of Datong (Ta-tung).", "Shinto in Korea __knowledge__ The origins of Shinto in Korea are primarily a result of Japan's incursions since an unbalanced treaty in 1876.", "Shinto in Korea __knowledge__ Shinto's rise in Korea is directly associated with the Japanese government's purely ideological use of the traditional folk practices of Japan, later described as \"State Shinto.\"", "Shinto in Korea __knowledge__ As Japan expanded its control of Korea, it also expanded the number of shrines, with the aim of one national shrine in each province.", "Shinto in Korea __knowledge__ By 1945, attendance at shrines was in many cases compulsory.", "Shinto in Korea __knowledge__ Japan's Meiji restoration had been actively rejecting any relationship between Shinto, the folk tradition of Japan, and religious belief.", "Europe first __knowledge__ Europe first, also known as Germany first, was the key element of the grand strategy agreed upon by the United States and the United Kingdom during World War II.", "Europe first __knowledge__ According to this policy, the United States and the United Kingdom would use the preponderance of their resources to subdue Nazi Germany in Europe first.", "Europe first __knowledge__ Simultaneously, they would fight a holding action against Japan in the Pacific, using fewer resources.", "Europe first __knowledge__ After the defeat of Germany—considered the greatest threat to Great Britain—all Allied forces could be concentrated against Japan.", "Europe first __knowledge__ At the December 1941 Arcadia Conference between President Franklin Roosevelt and Prime Minister Winston Churchill in Washington, shortly after the United States entered the War, the decision for the \"Europe First\" strategy was affirmed.", "Military history of the United States during World War II __knowledge__ The military history of the United States in World War II covers the war against Germany, Italy, Japan and starting with the 7 December 1941 attack on Pearl Harbor.", "Military history of the United States during World War II __knowledge__ During the first two years of World War II, the United States had maintained formal neutrality as made officially in the Quarantine Speech delivered by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1937, while supplying Britain, the Soviet Union, and China with war material through the Lend-Lease Act which was signed into law on 11 March 1941, as well as deploying the U.S. military to replace the British invasion forces in Iceland.", "Military history of the United States during World War II __knowledge__ In the Pacific Theater, there was unofficial early U.S. combat activity such as the Flying Tigers.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "Franklin D. Roosevelt __knowledge__ Franklin Delano Roosevelt (; January 30, 1882 – April 12, 1945), commonly known as FDR, was an American statesman and political leader who served as the 32nd President of the United States from 1933 until his death in 1945.", "Franklin D. Roosevelt __knowledge__ A Democrat, he won a record four presidential elections and emerged as a central figure in world events during the mid-20th century.", "Franklin D. Roosevelt __knowledge__ Roosevelt directed the United States federal government during most of the Great Depression, implementing his New Deal domestic agenda in response to the worst economic crisis in U.S. history.", "Franklin D. Roosevelt __knowledge__ As a dominant leader of his party, he built the New Deal Coalition, realigning American politics into the Fifth Party System and defining American liberalism throughout the middle third of the 20th century.", "Winston Churchill __knowledge__ Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill (30 November 187424 January 1965) was a British statesman, army officer and writer, who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1940 to 1945 and again from 1951 to 1955.", "Winston Churchill __knowledge__ Over the course of his career as a Member of Parliament (MP), he represented five constituencies in both England and Scotland.", "Winston Churchill __knowledge__ During his time as Prime Minister, Churchill led Britain to an allied victory in the Second World War.", "Winston Churchill __knowledge__ He was Conservative Party leader from 1940 to 1955.", "Winston Churchill __knowledge__ In 1953, Churchill won the Nobel Prize in Literature for his lifetime body of work, the prize cited \"his mastery of historical and biographical description as well as for brilliant oratory in defending exalted human values\".", "Castle __knowledge__ A castle (from ) is a type of fortified structure built in Europe and the Middle East during the Middle Ages by European nobility.", "Castle __knowledge__ Scholars debate the scope of the word \"castle\", but usually consider it to be the private fortified residence of a lord or noble.", "Castle __knowledge__ This is distinct from a palace, which is not fortified; from a fortress, which was not always a residence for nobility; and from a fortified settlement, which was a public defence – though there are many similarities among these types of construction.", "Castle __knowledge__ Usage of the term has varied over time and has been applied to structures as diverse as hill forts and country houses." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tokyo __knowledge__ Tokyo (, ), officially Tokyo Metropolis, is the capital city of Japan and one of its 47 prefectures.", "Tokyo __knowledge__ The Greater Tokyo Area is the most populous metropolitan area in the world.", "Tokyo __knowledge__ It is the seat of the Emperor of Japan and the Japanese government.", "Tokyo __knowledge__ Tokyo is in the Kantō region on the southeastern side of the main island Honshu and includes the Izu Islands and Ogasawara Islands.", "Tokyo __knowledge__ Formerly known as Edo, it has been the de facto seat of government since 1603 when Shogun Tokugawa Ieyasu made the city his headquarters.", "Tokyo __knowledge__ It officially became the capital after Emperor Meiji moved his seat to the city from the old capital of Kyoto in 1868; at that time Edo was renamed Tokyo.", "Tokyo __knowledge__ Tokyo Metropolis was formed in 1943 from the merger of the former and the .", "Tokyo __knowledge__ Tokyo is often referred to as a city, but is officially known and governed as a \"metropolitan prefecture\", which differs from and combines elements of a city and a prefecture, a characteristic unique to Tokyo.", "Tokyo __knowledge__ The Tokyo metropolitan government administers the 23 Special Wards of Tokyo (each governed as an individual city), which cover the area that was the City of Tokyo before it merged and became the metropolitan prefecture in 1943.", "Tokyo __knowledge__ The metropolitan government also administers 39 municipalities in the western part of the prefecture and the two outlying island chains.", "Akita Kantō __knowledge__ The is a Japanese festival celebrated from 3–7 August in Akita City, Akita Prefecture in hope for a good harvest.", "Akita Kantō __knowledge__ Around two hundred bamboo poles five to twelve metres long, bearing twenty-four or forty-six lanterns, topped with \"gohei\", and weighing up to fifty kilograms, are carried through the streets by night on the palms, foreheads, shoulders, or lower backs of the celebrants.", "Akita Kantō __knowledge__ The festival is first referred to in a travel diary of 1789 .", "Akita Kantō __knowledge__ It is one of the main festivals in Tōhoku, along with the Tanabata festival in Sendai, the Aomori Nebuta Matsuri festival, and the Hanagasa Matsuri festival in Yamagata.", "Music of Turkey __knowledge__ The music of Turkey includes mainly Turkic elements as well as partial influences ranging from Central Asian folk music, Arabic music, Greek music, Ottoman music, Persian music and Balkan music, as well as references to more modern European and American popular music.", "Music of Turkey __knowledge__ Turkey is a country on the northeastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea, and is a crossroad of cultures from across Europe, North Africa, the Middle East, the Caucasus and South and Central Asia The roots of traditional music in Turkey span across centuries to a time when the Seljuk Turks migrated to Anatolia and Persia in the 11th century and contains elements of both Turkic and pre-Turkic influences.", "1923 Great Kantō earthquake __knowledge__ The struck the Kantō Plain on the Japanese main island of Honshū at 11:58:44 JST (02:58:44 UTC) on Saturday, September 1, 1923.", "1923 Great Kantō earthquake __knowledge__ Varied accounts indicate the duration of the earthquake was between four and ten minutes.", "1923 Great Kantō earthquake __knowledge__ The earthquake had a magnitude of 7.9 on the moment magnitude scale (), with its focus deep beneath Izu Ōshima Island in Sagami Bay.", "1923 Great Kantō earthquake __knowledge__ The cause was a rupture of part of the convergent boundary where the Philippine Sea Plate is subducting beneath the Okhotsk Plate along the line of the Sagami Trough.", "1923 Great Kantō earthquake __knowledge__ This earthquake devastated Tokyo, the port city of Yokohama, and the surrounding prefectures of Chiba, Kanagawa, and Shizuoka, and caused widespread damage throughout the Kantō region.", "Kanto (music) __knowledge__ Kanto,(,) is a popular genre of Turkish music.", "Kanto (music) __knowledge__ Italian opera and theater had a profound effect on Turkish culture during the early 20th century.", "Kanto (music) __knowledge__ The terminology of music and theater derived from Italian.", "Kanto (music) __knowledge__ In the argot of the improvisational theater of Istanbul the stage was called \"sahano\", backstage was referred to as \"koyuntu\", backdrops depicting countryside as \"bosko\", the applause as \"furi\", and the songs sung as solos or duets between the acts and plays were called \"kanto\" (as was the case with their Italian counterparts, the Turkish troupe members played songs and music before the show and between the acts to peak people's interest and draw in customers).", "Arcana Heart 3 __knowledge__ The game went through location tests in Japan starting in late 2009, and was officially released on December 22, 2009.", "Arcana Heart 3 __knowledge__ An official PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 version was later released on January 13, 2011.", "Arcana Heart 3 __knowledge__ An American (PlayStation Network only) version was released on April 19, 2011 by Aksys Games and in Europe on August 19, 2011 by Zen United.", "Arcana Heart 3 __knowledge__ An update for the game, called , with rebalanced gameplay new gameplay modes, was released in Japan on May 8, 2013 for Arcades, and later released for PlayStation Vita, PlayStation 3 and Microsoft Windows.", "Arcana Heart 3 __knowledge__ This was followed by Arcana Heart 3: LOVE MAX SIX STARS!!!!", "Kanto (comics) __knowledge__ Kanto is a fictional extraterrestrial assassin published by DC Comics.", "Kanto (comics) __knowledge__ He first appeared in \"Mister Miracle\" vol.", "Kanto (comics) __knowledge__ 1 #7 (March/April 1972), and was created by Jack Kirby.", "Kanto (comics) __knowledge__ Kanto was allegedly modeled after Renaissance nobleman Cesare Borgia, but his appearance was \"patterned after Errol Flynn in a film still.\"", "Kanto (comics) __knowledge__ As a student of Granny Goodness's on Apokolips, Iluthin, Kanto's name at the time, is accused of stealing weaponry from Darkseid's then-master assassin Kanto 13 and others.", "Kanto (comics) __knowledge__ Iluthin is punished, not for the stealing, but being caught.", "Kanto (comics) __knowledge__ He first faces a gauntlet of fellow students, defeating them with ease.", "Puyi __knowledge__ Puyi or Pu Yi (; 7 February 190617 October 1967), of the Manchu Aisin Gioro clan, was the last Emperor of China and the twelfth and final ruler of the Qing dynasty.", "Puyi __knowledge__ When he was a child, he reigned as the Xuantong Emperor (; Manchu: \"gehungge yoso hūwangdi\") in China and Khevt Yos Khaan in Mongolia from 1908 until his forced abdication on 12 February 1912, after the Xinhai Revolution.", "Puyi __knowledge__ From 1–12 July 1917, he was briefly restored to the throne as emperor by the warlord Zhang Xun.", "Puyi __knowledge__ In 1932 after the occupation of Manchuria, the state of Manchukuo was established by Japan, and he was chosen to become 'Emperor' of the new state using the era-name of Datong (Ta-tung).", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants Inc. is an American video game developer founded in 1994 by special-effects and computer-animation veterans Sherry McKenna and Lorne Lanning.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The company is primarily known for the incomplete \"Oddworld Quintology\", a series of award-winning video games about the fictional planet of Oddworld and its native creatures.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The series debuted with \"\" in 1997 and continued with \"\" in 2001 but the studio has also developed standalone titles \"\" in 1998 and \"\" in 2005.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants took a break from game development for a time following the release of \"Stranger's Wrath\", even though it had already begun preliminary work on its next Oddworld title, \"The Brutal Ballad of Fangus Klot\".", "Video game culture __knowledge__ Video game culture is a worldwide new media subculture formed by video games.", "Video game culture __knowledge__ As computer and video games have exponentially increased in popularity over time, they have had a significant influence on popular culture.", "Video game culture __knowledge__ Video game culture has also evolved over time hand in hand with internet culture as well as the increasing popularity of mobile games.", "Video game culture __knowledge__ Many people who play video games identify as gamers, which can mean anything from someone who enjoys games to someone who is passionate about it.", "Video game culture __knowledge__ As video games become more social with multiplayer and online capability, gamers find themselves in growing social networks.", "World of Warcraft __knowledge__ World of Warcraft (WoW) is a massively multiplayer online role-playing game (MMORPG) released in 2004 by Blizzard Entertainment.", "World of Warcraft __knowledge__ It is the fourth released game set in the \"Warcraft\" fantasy universe.", "World of Warcraft __knowledge__ \"World of Warcraft\" takes place within the \"Warcraft\" world of Azeroth, approximately four years after the events at the conclusion of Blizzard's previous \"Warcraft\" release, \".\"", "World of Warcraft __knowledge__ Blizzard Entertainment announced \"World of Warcraft\" on September 2, 2001.", "World of Warcraft __knowledge__ The game was released on November 23, 2004, on the 10th anniversary of the \"Warcraft\" franchise.", "World of Warcraft __knowledge__ The first expansion of the game, , was released on January 16, 2007.", "Video game industry __knowledge__ The video game industry is the economic sector involved in the development, marketing, and monetization of video games.", "Video game industry __knowledge__ It encompasses dozens of job disciplines and its component parts employ thousands of people worldwide.", "Video game industry __knowledge__ The computer and video game industry has grown from focused markets to mainstream.", "Video game industry __knowledge__ They took in about US$9.5 billion in the US in 2007, 11.7 billion in 2008, and 25.1 billion in 2010 (ESA annual report).", "Video game industry __knowledge__ Modern personal computers owe many advancements and innovations to the game industry: sound cards, graphics cards and 3D graphic accelerators, faster CPUs, and dedicated co-processors like PhysX are a few of the more notable improvements.", "Gamergate controversy __knowledge__ The Gamergate controversy concerns issues of sexism and progressivism in video game culture, stemming from a harassment campaign conducted primarily through the use of the hashtag #GamerGate.", "Gamergate controversy __knowledge__ \"Gamergate\" is used as a blanket term for the controversy, the harassment campaign and actions of those participating in it, and the loosely organized movement that emerged around the hashtag.", "Gamergate controversy __knowledge__ Beginning in August 2014, supporters of the Gamergate movement targeted several women in the video game industry, including game developers Zoë Quinn and Brianna Wu, as well as feminist media critic Anita Sarkeesian.", "History of video games __knowledge__ The history of video games goes as far back as the early 1950s, when academic computer scientists began designing simple games and simulations as part of their research.", "History of video games __knowledge__ Video gaming did not reach mainstream popularity until the 1970s and 1980s, when video arcade games and gaming consoles using joysticks, buttons, and other controllers, along with graphics on computer screens and home computer games were introduced to the general public.", "History of video games __knowledge__ Since the 1980s, video gaming has become a popular form of entertainment and a part of modern popular culture in most parts of the world.", "History of video games __knowledge__ One of the early games was \"Spacewar!", "ESports __knowledge__ eSports (also known as electronic sports, esports, e-sports, competitive (video) gaming, professional (video) gaming, or pro gaming) is a form of competition using video games.", "ESports __knowledge__ Most commonly, eSports take the form of organized, multiplayer video game competitions, particularly between professional players.", "ESports __knowledge__ The most common video game genres associated with eSports are real-time strategy, fighting, first-person shooter (FPS), and multiplayer online battle arena (MOBA).", "ESports __knowledge__ Tournaments such as The International, the \"League of Legends\" World Championship, the Evolution Championship Series and the Intel Extreme Masters provide live broadcasts of the competition, and prize money to competitors." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tokyo __knowledge__ Tokyo (, ), officially Tokyo Metropolis, is the capital city of Japan and one of its 47 prefectures.", "Tokyo __knowledge__ The Greater Tokyo Area is the most populous metropolitan area in the world.", "Tokyo __knowledge__ It is the seat of the Emperor of Japan and the Japanese government.", "Tokyo __knowledge__ Tokyo is in the Kantō region on the southeastern side of the main island Honshu and includes the Izu Islands and Ogasawara Islands.", "Tokyo __knowledge__ Formerly known as Edo, it has been the de facto seat of government since 1603 when Shogun Tokugawa Ieyasu made the city his headquarters.", "Tokyo __knowledge__ It officially became the capital after Emperor Meiji moved his seat to the city from the old capital of Kyoto in 1868; at that time Edo was renamed Tokyo.", "Tokyo __knowledge__ Tokyo Metropolis was formed in 1943 from the merger of the former and the .", "Tokyo __knowledge__ Tokyo is often referred to as a city, but is officially known and governed as a \"metropolitan prefecture\", which differs from and combines elements of a city and a prefecture, a characteristic unique to Tokyo.", "Tokyo __knowledge__ The Tokyo metropolitan government administers the 23 Special Wards of Tokyo (each governed as an individual city), which cover the area that was the City of Tokyo before it merged and became the metropolitan prefecture in 1943.", "Tokyo __knowledge__ The metropolitan government also administers 39 municipalities in the western part of the prefecture and the two outlying island chains.", "1923 Great Kantō earthquake __knowledge__ The struck the Kantō Plain on the Japanese main island of Honshū at 11:58:44 JST (02:58:44 UTC) on Saturday, September 1, 1923.", "1923 Great Kantō earthquake __knowledge__ Varied accounts indicate the duration of the earthquake was between four and ten minutes.", "1923 Great Kantō earthquake __knowledge__ The earthquake had a magnitude of 7.9 on the moment magnitude scale (), with its focus deep beneath Izu Ōshima Island in Sagami Bay.", "1923 Great Kantō earthquake __knowledge__ The cause was a rupture of part of the convergent boundary where the Philippine Sea Plate is subducting beneath the Okhotsk Plate along the line of the Sagami Trough.", "1923 Great Kantō earthquake __knowledge__ This earthquake devastated Tokyo, the port city of Yokohama, and the surrounding prefectures of Chiba, Kanagawa, and Shizuoka, and caused widespread damage throughout the Kantō region.", "2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami __knowledge__ The was a magnitude 9.0–9.1 (M) undersea megathrust earthquake off the coast of Japan that occurred at 14:46 JST (05:46 UTC) on Friday 11 March 2011, with the epicentre approximately east of the Oshika Peninsula of Tōhoku and the hypocenter at an underwater depth of approximately .", "2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami __knowledge__ The earthquake is often referred to in Japan as the and is also known as the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake, and the 3.11 earthquake.", "2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami __knowledge__ It was the most powerful earthquake ever recorded in Japan, and the fourth most powerful earthquake in the world since modern record-keeping began in 1900.", "2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami __knowledge__ The earthquake triggered powerful tsunami waves that reached heights of up to in Miyako in Tōhoku's Iwate Prefecture, and which, in the Sendai area, traveled up to inland.", "Puyi __knowledge__ Puyi or Pu Yi (; 7 February 190617 October 1967), of the Manchu Aisin Gioro clan, was the last Emperor of China and the twelfth and final ruler of the Qing dynasty.", "Puyi __knowledge__ When he was a child, he reigned as the Xuantong Emperor (; Manchu: \"gehungge yoso hūwangdi\") in China and Khevt Yos Khaan in Mongolia from 1908 until his forced abdication on 12 February 1912, after the Xinhai Revolution.", "Puyi __knowledge__ From 1–12 July 1917, he was briefly restored to the throne as emperor by the warlord Zhang Xun.", "Puyi __knowledge__ In 1932 after the occupation of Manchuria, the state of Manchukuo was established by Japan, and he was chosen to become 'Emperor' of the new state using the era-name of Datong (Ta-tung).", "Ethnic issues in Japan __knowledge__ According to census statistics, 98.5% of the population of Japan are Japanese, with the remainder being foreign nationals residing in Japan.", "Ethnic issues in Japan __knowledge__ However, these statistics measure citizenship, not ethnicity, with all domestic minorities such as the Ainu, Ryukyuans, Burakumin, and naturalized immigrants being counted as simply \"Japanese.\"", "Ethnic issues in Japan __knowledge__ The Japanese government refuses to collect data on the ethnic identities of its citizens, claiming that there are no issues of race relations among Japanese citizens as they are all of the same race.", "Ethnic issues in Japan __knowledge__ About 1.6% of Japan's total legal resident population are foreign citizens.", "Late Spring __knowledge__ \"Late Spring\" belongs to the type of Japanese film known as \"shomingeki\", a genre that deals with the ordinary daily lives of working class and middle class people of modern times.", "Late Spring __knowledge__ The film is frequently regarded as the first in the director’s final creative period, \"the major prototype of the [director's] 1950s and 1960s work.\"", "Late Spring __knowledge__ These films are characterized by, among other traits, an exclusive focus on stories about families during Japan's immediate postwar era, a tendency towards very simple plots and the use of a generally static camera.", "Late Spring __knowledge__ \"Late Spring\" was released in September 1949 to critical acclaim in the Japanese press.", "Ryōunkaku __knowledge__ The was Japan's first western-style skyscraper.", "Ryōunkaku __knowledge__ It stood in the Asakusa district of City of Tokyo (now Taitō, Tokyo) from 1890 until its demolition following the Great Kanto earthquake of 1923.", "Ryōunkaku __knowledge__ The , as it was called affectionately by Tokyoites, was the most popular attraction in Tokyo, and a showcase for new technologies as it housed Japan's first electric elevator.", "Ryōunkaku __knowledge__ The Ryōunkaku quickly became a landmark and symbol of Asakusa after its opening in 1890.", "Ryōunkaku __knowledge__ It was a major leisure complex for visitors from all over Tokyo.", "Ryōunkaku __knowledge__ The 1894 tremor weakened the structure, which was now reinforced with steel girders.", "Violence Jack __knowledge__ A few of the sagas from the manga were adapted in three independent OVAs released in 1986, 1988 and 1990.", "Violence Jack __knowledge__ These OVAs have been released in the United States, Italy, France, United Kingdom, and New Zealand.", "Violence Jack __knowledge__ In some of these countries, the contents of the OVAs have caused censorship issues, while in Australia the second OVA was banned altogether.", "Violence Jack __knowledge__ The series takes place in the ruins of the Kanto region, after a massive earthquake (which in the OVAs was triggered by a Comet strike) dubbed 'The Great Kanto Hellquake'.", "Violence Jack __knowledge__ Cut off from the rest of the world, The survivors of the disaster are divided between the strong and the weak.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Ek Tha Chandar Ek Thi Sudha (Hindi: एक था चन्दर एक थी सुधा English: One was Chander one was Sudha) is an Indian biopic television series, which premiered on 21 September 2015 and is broadcast on Life OK.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is produced by Garima Productions of Ashwni Dhir.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series airs on every Monday to Friday nights.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is a tragic love story and is a 20-episode series.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story of the series is based on Dharamvir Bharati’s iconic novel, \"Gunahon Ka Devta\".", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Rahil Azam and Umang Jain will play the male and female lead roles respectively.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story starts with an illustration that it is a story about love near Allahabad.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Mercedes McQueen __knowledge__ Mercedes Maria Theresa Immaculata McQueen (also Owen, Fisher and Browning) is a fictional character from the British Channel 4 soap opera, \"Hollyoaks\", played by Jennifer Metcalfe.", "Mercedes McQueen __knowledge__ She debuted on-screen during the episode airing on 19 June 2006 as the first character to be introduced to the series by series producer, Bryan Kirkwood.", "Mercedes McQueen __knowledge__ In 2008 Metcalfe feared that the character was to be axed but was later reassured by the series producer that she would not be.", "Mercedes McQueen __knowledge__ Metcalfe later stated her intention to stay with the series.", "Mercedes McQueen __knowledge__ Mercedes is part of the McQueen family and is the longest serving McQueen on the series.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "List of EastEnders characters (2012) __knowledge__ The following are characters who first appeared in the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\" during 2012 listed by order of first appearance.", "List of EastEnders characters (2012) __knowledge__ New characters were introduced by Bryan Kirkwood, executive producer.", "List of EastEnders characters (2012) __knowledge__ He stepped down from the role in April.", "List of EastEnders characters (2012) __knowledge__ His last episode was on 13 July 2012.", "List of EastEnders characters (2012) __knowledge__ From 16 July, characters were introduced by his successor, Lorraine Newman.", "List of EastEnders characters (2012) __knowledge__ The first character to be introduced was the undertaker, Les Coker.", "List of EastEnders characters (2012) __knowledge__ The first regular character to be announced was Ray Dixon, the father of Morgan Butcher, followed by Alice Branning, the daughter of Derek Branning and, Alice's brother, Joey.", "List of EastEnders characters (2012) __knowledge__ June 2012 also saw the first birth of the year: Janine Butcher and Michael Moon's daughter, Scarlett.", "List of Hollyoaks characters (2011) __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters who first appeared or were due to appear in the British Channel 4 soap opera \"Hollyoaks\" during 2011, listed in order of their first appearance.", "List of Hollyoaks characters (2011) __knowledge__ In January 2011, it was announced that Gareth Philips would be taking over the role of series producer from Paul Marquess, who had been with the show for one year.", "List of Hollyoaks characters (2011) __knowledge__ Ruby Button, played by Anna Shaffer, is the younger sister of Duncan Button (Dean Aspen).", "List of Hollyoaks characters (2011) __knowledge__ She made her first on-screen appearance on 3 January 2011.", "List of Hollyoaks characters (2011) __knowledge__ In December 2010, the \"Liverpool Echo\" announced that eighteen-year-old Shaffer would be joining the cast as Ruby.", "X86 __knowledge__ x86 is a family of backward-compatible instruction set architectures based on the Intel 8086 CPU and its Intel 8088 variant.", "X86 __knowledge__ The 8086 was introduced in 1978 as a fully 16-bit extension of Intel's 8-bit-based 8080 microprocessor, with memory segmentation as a solution for addressing more memory than can be covered by a plain 16-bit address.", "X86 __knowledge__ The term \"x86\" came into being because the names of several successors to Intel's 8086 processor end in \"86\", including the 80186, 80286, 80386 and 80486 processors.", "X86 __knowledge__ Many additions and extensions have been added to the x86 instruction set over the years, almost consistently with full backward compatibility." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 20, 0, 19 ]

[ "Hello! Have you ever been to Tokyo, the capitol of Japan? I've been dying to go for years!", "No timeline just yet, sadly. I'll likely go to Europe first to visit family in the UK and then to Germany to see all the castles and whatnot. Japan is next on the list, though! I love the culture, and Tokyo has so many people and so much to see..", "I have! Religion is so significant in their culture, and the architecture of the shrines is so pretty. I'm a gaming nerd, and I love seeing the game developers' take on the shrines in World of Warcraft.", "I'm not sure I have. Will you tell me a bit about it?", "Oh, that's terrible! And I completely agree. They've had enough natural disasters as it is like the tsunami in 2011 caused by the earthquake. I remember my work doing a fundraiser for disaster relief for that one. It was truly tragic." ]

[ "Tokyo", "Tokyo", "Tokyo", "Tokyo", "Tokyo" ]

[ "Tennis", "I have played tennis, I also went to a tennis summer camp when I was a teenager but I dont think I was very good at it! Lol", "Yes I enjoyed it despite the fact that I wasn't as skilled as others there.", "Im sure I can. Are lessons expensive?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tennis __knowledge__ Tennis is a racket sport that can be played individually against a single opponent (singles) or between two teams of two players each (doubles).", "Tennis __knowledge__ Each player uses a tennis racket that is strung with cord to strike a hollow rubber ball covered with felt over or around a net and into the opponent's court.", "Tennis __knowledge__ The object of the game is to play the ball in such a way that the opponent is not able to play a valid return.", "Tennis __knowledge__ The player who is unable to return the ball will not gain a point, while the opposite player will.", "Tennis __knowledge__ Tennis is an Olympic sport and is played at all levels of society and at all ages.", "Tennis __knowledge__ The sport can be played by anyone who can hold a racket, including wheelchair users.", "Tennis __knowledge__ The modern game of tennis originated in Birmingham, England, in the late 19th century as lawn tennis.", "Tennis __knowledge__ It had close connections both to various field (lawn) games such as croquet and bowls as well as to the older racket sport today called real tennis.", "Tennis __knowledge__ During most of the 19th century, in fact, the term \"tennis\" referred to real tennis, not lawn tennis: for example, in Disraeli's novel \"Sybil\" (1845), Lord Eugene De Vere announces that he will \"go down to Hampton Court and play tennis.\"", "Tennis __knowledge__ The rules of modern tennis have changed little since the 1890s." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tennis __knowledge__ Tennis is a racket sport that can be played individually against a single opponent (singles) or between two teams of two players each (doubles).", "Tennis __knowledge__ Each player uses a tennis racket that is strung with cord to strike a hollow rubber ball covered with felt over or around a net and into the opponent's court.", "Tennis __knowledge__ The object of the game is to play the ball in such a way that the opponent is not able to play a valid return.", "Tennis __knowledge__ The player who is unable to return the ball will not gain a point, while the opposite player will.", "Tennis __knowledge__ Tennis is an Olympic sport and is played at all levels of society and at all ages.", "Tennis __knowledge__ The sport can be played by anyone who can hold a racket, including wheelchair users.", "Tennis __knowledge__ The modern game of tennis originated in Birmingham, England, in the late 19th century as lawn tennis.", "Tennis __knowledge__ It had close connections both to various field (lawn) games such as croquet and bowls as well as to the older racket sport today called real tennis.", "Tennis __knowledge__ During most of the 19th century, in fact, the term \"tennis\" referred to real tennis, not lawn tennis: for example, in Disraeli's novel \"Sybil\" (1845), Lord Eugene De Vere announces that he will \"go down to Hampton Court and play tennis.\"", "Tennis __knowledge__ The rules of modern tennis have changed little since the 1890s.", "Arthur Ashe __knowledge__ Arthur Robert Ashe Jr. (July 10, 1943 – February 6, 1993) was an American professional tennis player who won three Grand Slam titles.", "Arthur Ashe __knowledge__ Ashe was the first black player selected to the United States Davis Cup team and the only black man ever to win the singles title at Wimbledon, the US Open, and the Australian Open.", "Arthur Ashe __knowledge__ He retired in 1980.", "Arthur Ashe __knowledge__ He was ranked World No.", "Arthur Ashe __knowledge__ 1 by Harry Hopman in 1968 and by Lance Tingay of \"The Daily Telegraph\" and \"World Tennis Magazine\" in 1975.", "Arthur Ashe __knowledge__ In the ATP computer rankings, he peaked at No.", "Arthur Ashe __knowledge__ 2 in May 1976.", "Arthur Ashe __knowledge__ In the early 1980s, Ashe is believed to have contracted HIV from a blood transfusion he received during heart bypass surgery.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ This Is England '86 is a 2010 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne, a spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\".", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Set three years later, it focuses on the mod revival scene rather than the skinhead subculture, with the gang variously adopting an eclectic mix of clothing styles.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Like the film version previously, Thomas Turgoose stars as Shaun, with central roles played by Joe Gilgun as Woody, now a scooter-riding mod, although girlfriend Lol (Vicky McClure) and her friend Trev stay loyal to their roots and still wear the skinhead garb.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Lol's sister Kelly has gone new wave/punk, while other gang members adopt psychobilly, early chav and mohican influences.", "Summer camp __knowledge__ Summer camp is a supervised program for children or teenagers conducted during the summer months in some countries.", "Summer camp __knowledge__ Children and adolescents who attend summer camp are known as \"campers\".", "Summer camp __knowledge__ Summer school is usually a required academic curriculum for a student to make up work not accomplished during the academic year, whereas summer camps can include academic work, but is not a requirement for graduation.", "Summer camp __knowledge__ The traditional view of a summer camp as a woody place with hiking, canoeing, and campfires is changing, with greater acceptance of newer types summer camps that offer a wide variety of specialized activities.", "Scouting in Connecticut __knowledge__ Scouting in Connecticut has experienced many organizational changes since 1910.", "Scouting in Connecticut __knowledge__ With only eight counties, Connecticut has had 40 Boy Scout Councils since the Scouting movement began in 1910.", "Scouting in Connecticut __knowledge__ In 1922, 17 Boy Scout Councils existed in Connecticut, but currently only four exist.", "Scouting in Connecticut __knowledge__ The Girl Scouts of the USA has had at least 53 Girl Scout Councils in Connecticut since their program began in 1912.", "Scouting in Connecticut __knowledge__ Today there is one, Girl Scouts of Connecticut, which assumed operation on October 1, 2007.", "Scouting in Connecticut __knowledge__ Connecticut has had as many as forty Boy Scouts of America councils since 1910.", "Scouting in Connecticut __knowledge__ Currently five councils exist in Connecticut.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Robert James Smith (born 21 April 1959) is an English singer, songwriter and musician.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ He is the lead singer, guitarist, multi instrumentalist, lyricist, principal songwriter and only consistent member of the rock band The Cure, which he co-founded in 1976.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ He was also the lead guitarist for the band Siouxsie and the Banshees from 1982 to 1984 and was part of the short-lived group The Glove in 1983.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Smith is known for his distinctive voice and unique stage look, the latter of which was influential on the Goth subculture that rose to prominence in the 1980s.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Smith was born in the Lancashire town of Blackpool and is the third of four children born to James Alexander and Rita Mary (née Emmott) Smith.", "Great Lakes Field Service Council __knowledge__ The Great Lakes Field Service Council is a field service council of the Michigan Crossroads Council, a local council of the Boy Scouts of America.", "Great Lakes Field Service Council __knowledge__ It serves the Detroit metropolitan area and covers all of Wayne, Oakland and Macomb counties.", "Great Lakes Field Service Council __knowledge__ The council currently has eight districts, one council service center, and four camp properties.", "Great Lakes Field Service Council __knowledge__ The Great Lakes Field Service Council is the result of a 2012 merger of nine local councils into a statewide council due to an initiative to reorganize the administrative structure of the Boy Scouts of America.", "Great Lakes Field Service Council __knowledge__ The Great Lakes Field Service Council is divided into eight districts divided by the school and religious districts they serve.", "List of minor characters in Peanuts __knowledge__ The following is a list of all notable secondary characters in the American comic strip \"Peanuts\".", "List of minor characters in Peanuts __knowledge__ Begun in 1950 by Charles M. Schulz, \"Peanuts\" saw several secondary characters come and go throughout the strip's fifty-year run.", "List of minor characters in Peanuts __knowledge__ A never-seen cat lives next door to Snoopy.", "List of minor characters in Peanuts __knowledge__ The main focus on this cat occurred in the 1970s, although Charlie Brown mentioned \"the cat next door\" as early as November 23, 1958.", "List of minor characters in Peanuts __knowledge__ Snoopy often taunts the cat (usually starting with, \"Hey, stupid cat!", "List of minor characters in Peanuts __knowledge__ \"), who generally responds by violently carving up his doghouse in a single swipe.", "List of minor characters in Peanuts __knowledge__ The neighbors who own the cat have complained to Charlie Brown about Snoopy harassing their \"kitten\".", "S*M*A*S*H (miniseries) __knowledge__ S*M*A*S*H is a 1990 Swedish comedy TV mini-series with eight episodes written and directed by Måns Herngren and Hannes Holm.", "S*M*A*S*H (miniseries) __knowledge__ Herngren also stars in the series, along with Svante Grundberg, Peter Wahlbeck, Felix Herngren and Sten Ljunggren.", "S*M*A*S*H (miniseries) __knowledge__ It was released on January 4, 1990.", "S*M*A*S*H (miniseries) __knowledge__ In the 1970s, the search for young tennis talents reached its peak when the superstar Einar Berg threw in the towel.", "S*M*A*S*H (miniseries) __knowledge__ Fifteen years after his retirement, Berg makes a comeback because of financial problems and he teams up with teens Alex, Sigge and Teo, where they travel around the world and play tennis.", "S*M*A*S*H (miniseries) __knowledge__ Sigurd 'Sigge' Grönqvist (Wahlbeck) and Alexander 'Alex' Carlsson (M. Herngren) are two teenagers who are picked for tennis practice by Wallner (Ljunggren), a manager and Börje (Norström), a trainer.", "Novak Djokovic __knowledge__ Novak Djokovic (, ; born 22 May 1987) is a Serbian professional tennis player who is currently ranked world No.", "Novak Djokovic __knowledge__ 14 in men's singles tennis by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP).", "Novak Djokovic __knowledge__ Djokovic has won 12 Grand Slam singles titles, five ATP Finals titles, 30 Masters 1000 series titles, 12 ATP World Tour 500 tournaments, and has held the No.", "Novak Djokovic __knowledge__ 1 spot in the ATP rankings for a total of 223 weeks.", "Novak Djokovic __knowledge__ In majors, Djokovic has won six Australian Open titles, three Wimbledon titles, two US Open titles and one French Open title.", "Novak Djokovic __knowledge__ In 2016, he became the eighth player in history to achieve the Career Grand Slam.", "Oscar Wegner __knowledge__ Oscar Wegner is a tennis coach and pre-open-era tour player, author, and creator of Modern Tennis Methodology, a tennis-teaching system which he began developing in 1968.", "Oscar Wegner __knowledge__ He is Founder and President of Oscar Wegner Enterprises, Inc. and Tennis Kids For Life, Inc. a non-profit corporation.", "Oscar Wegner __knowledge__ Other projects he has created include The Modern Tennis Methodology Coaches Association, The Oscar Wegner Elite Training Program and The Oscar Wegner Modern Tennis College.", "Oscar Wegner __knowledge__ He teaches publicly and privately throughout the United States and internationally, contributes to tennis publications and events, and publishes TennisTeacher.com.", "Billie Jean King __knowledge__ Billie Jean King (\"née\" Moffitt; born November 22, 1943) is an American former World No.", "Billie Jean King __knowledge__ 1 professional tennis player.", "Billie Jean King __knowledge__ King won 39 Grand Slam titles: 12 in singles, 16 in women's doubles, and 11 in mixed doubles.", "Billie Jean King __knowledge__ King won a record 20 championship titles at Wimbledon.", "Billie Jean King __knowledge__ King won the singles title at the inaugural WTA Tour Championships.", "Billie Jean King __knowledge__ King often represented the United States in the Federation Cup and the Wightman Cup.", "Billie Jean King __knowledge__ She was a member of the victorious United States team in seven Federation Cups and nine Wightman Cups.", "Billie Jean King __knowledge__ For three years, King was the United States' captain in the Federation Cup.", "Billie Jean King __knowledge__ King is an advocate for gender equality and has long been a pioneer for equality and social justice.", "Hey Hey It's Saturday __knowledge__ Hey Hey It's Saturday was a long-running variety television program on Australian television.", "Hey Hey It's Saturday __knowledge__ It initially ran for 27 years on the Nine Network from on 9 October 1971 to 20 November 1999 (there was a recess in 1978).", "Hey Hey It's Saturday __knowledge__ Its host throughout its entire run was Daryl Somers, who later also became executive producer of the program.", "Hey Hey It's Saturday __knowledge__ The original producer, Gavin Disney, left the program in the 1980s and Somers then jointly formed his own production company, \"Somers Carroll Productions\", with on-screen partner Ernie Carroll, the performer of Somers' puppet sidekick Ossie Ostrich.", "Hey Hey It's Saturday __knowledge__ On 25 July 2009, the Nine Network announced the show would return for two reunion specials in late 2009 and hinted if they rated strongly, the show could return full-time.", "History of tennis __knowledge__ The game that most people call 'tennis' is the direct descendant of what is now known as real tennis or royal tennis (which continues to be played today as a separate sport with more complex rules).", "History of tennis __knowledge__ Most rules of the game commonly known as tennis derive from it.", "History of tennis __knowledge__ It is reasonable to see both sports as variations of the same game.", "History of tennis __knowledge__ Most historians believe that tennis originated in the monastic cloisters in northern France in the 12th century, but the ball was then struck with the palm of the hand; hence, the name jeu de paume (\"game of the palm\").", "History of tennis __knowledge__ It was not until the 16th century that rackets came into use, and the game began to be called \"tennis.\"" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tennis __knowledge__ Tennis is a racket sport that can be played individually against a single opponent (singles) or between two teams of two players each (doubles).", "Tennis __knowledge__ Each player uses a tennis racket that is strung with cord to strike a hollow rubber ball covered with felt over or around a net and into the opponent's court.", "Tennis __knowledge__ The object of the game is to play the ball in such a way that the opponent is not able to play a valid return.", "Tennis __knowledge__ The player who is unable to return the ball will not gain a point, while the opposite player will.", "Tennis __knowledge__ Tennis is an Olympic sport and is played at all levels of society and at all ages.", "Tennis __knowledge__ The sport can be played by anyone who can hold a racket, including wheelchair users.", "Tennis __knowledge__ The modern game of tennis originated in Birmingham, England, in the late 19th century as lawn tennis.", "Tennis __knowledge__ It had close connections both to various field (lawn) games such as croquet and bowls as well as to the older racket sport today called real tennis.", "Tennis __knowledge__ During most of the 19th century, in fact, the term \"tennis\" referred to real tennis, not lawn tennis: for example, in Disraeli's novel \"Sybil\" (1845), Lord Eugene De Vere announces that he will \"go down to Hampton Court and play tennis.\"", "Tennis __knowledge__ The rules of modern tennis have changed little since the 1890s.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ \"Regular Show\" is an American animated series created by J. G. Quintel.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ The series contains many characters, with seven main characters and various recurring and one-time characters.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai (voiced by J. G. Quintel) is a 5'10\" anthropomorphic blue jay (6' including the crest) who works as a groundskeeper at The Park.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ He has been best friends with Rigby ever since childhood, and together they are very lazy and constantly slack off at their jobs there.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai is more conscientious, mature, and moral about his actions than Rigby is, which sometimes leads to his opposing Rigby when he is the cause of some kind of chaotic problem.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ A referendum on Scottish independence from the United Kingdom took place on 18 September 2014.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The referendum question, which voters answered with \"Yes\" or \"No\", was \"Should Scotland be an independent country?\"", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The \"No\" side won, with 2,001,926 (55.3%) voting against independence and 1,617,989 (44.7%) voting in favour.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The turnout of 84.6% was the highest recorded for an election or referendum in the United Kingdom since the introduction of universal suffrage.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The Scottish Independence Referendum Act 2013, setting out the arrangements for the referendum, was passed by the Scottish Parliament in November 2013, following an agreement between the Scottish Government and the United Kingdom government.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Yes Minister is a Political satire British sitcom written by Antony Jay and Jonathan Lynn that was first transmitted on BBC Two from 1980 to 1984, split over three seven-episode series.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ The sequel, Yes, Prime Minister, ran from 1986 to 1988.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ In total there were 38 episodes, of which all but one lasted half an hour.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Almost all episodes ended with a variation of the title of the series spoken as the answer to a question posed by Hacker.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Several episodes were adapted for BBC Radio, and a stage play was produced in 2010, the latter leading to a new television series on UKTV Gold in 2013.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Set principally in the private office of a British Cabinet minister in the fictional Department of Administrative Affairs in Whitehall, \"Yes Minister\" follows the ministerial career of the Rt Hon Jim Hacker MP, played by Paul Eddington.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters appearing in the animated series \"Kim Possible\".", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Kimberly Ann \"Kim\" Possible is a crime fighter and high school cheerleading captain who saves the world on a regular basis while dealing with the normal challenges of being a teenager, such as winning cheer competitions, turning in her homework on time, and maintaining a love life.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Her name is a play on the word \"impossible.\"", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Kim has known Ron Stoppable, her sidekick for most missions, since preschool.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ She has also completed missions with Wade, Monique, her brothers, and even her mother.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ In season four, Kim and Ron end up developing romantic feelings for each other and begin dating during their senior year.", "Great Lakes Field Service Council __knowledge__ The Great Lakes Field Service Council is a field service council of the Michigan Crossroads Council, a local council of the Boy Scouts of America.", "Great Lakes Field Service Council __knowledge__ It serves the Detroit metropolitan area and covers all of Wayne, Oakland and Macomb counties.", "Great Lakes Field Service Council __knowledge__ The council currently has eight districts, one council service center, and four camp properties.", "Great Lakes Field Service Council __knowledge__ The Great Lakes Field Service Council is the result of a 2012 merger of nine local councils into a statewide council due to an initiative to reorganize the administrative structure of the Boy Scouts of America.", "Great Lakes Field Service Council __knowledge__ The Great Lakes Field Service Council is divided into eight districts divided by the school and religious districts they serve.", "Scouting in Connecticut __knowledge__ Scouting in Connecticut has experienced many organizational changes since 1910.", "Scouting in Connecticut __knowledge__ With only eight counties, Connecticut has had 40 Boy Scout Councils since the Scouting movement began in 1910.", "Scouting in Connecticut __knowledge__ In 1922, 17 Boy Scout Councils existed in Connecticut, but currently only four exist.", "Scouting in Connecticut __knowledge__ The Girl Scouts of the USA has had at least 53 Girl Scout Councils in Connecticut since their program began in 1912.", "Scouting in Connecticut __knowledge__ Today there is one, Girl Scouts of Connecticut, which assumed operation on October 1, 2007.", "Scouting in Connecticut __knowledge__ Connecticut has had as many as forty Boy Scouts of America councils since 1910.", "Scouting in Connecticut __knowledge__ Currently five councils exist in Connecticut.", "Scouting in Maine __knowledge__ Scouting in Maine dates back to the creation of the Katahdin Area Council in 1920 and has continued prominently to the present day.", "Scouting in Maine __knowledge__ Boy Scouting started early in Maine, with two local councils in operation by February 1915.", "Scouting in Maine __knowledge__ The first second class council was in operation by 1916, and by 1917 three second class councils existed, in Auburn, Bath and Saco.", "Scouting in Maine __knowledge__ South Portland Council began in 1918, as did Waterville Council, but that council apparently only existed for a year.", "Scouting in Maine __knowledge__ Bangor, Old Town and Portland Councils were begun in 1919 in those localities, while in that same year Auburn, Bath and Saco's councils all ceased to exist.", "Summer Camp Music Festival __knowledge__ The Summer Camp Music Festival is a multi-day music festival created by Jay Goldberg Events & Entertainment and held annually on Memorial Day Weekend at Three Sisters Park in Chillicothe, Illinois.", "Summer Camp Music Festival __knowledge__ The event typically attracts around 20,000 visitors, of which between 8,000 and 10,000 arrive before gates open.", "Summer Camp Music Festival __knowledge__ In 2014, it was listed as one of the top 40 music festivals in \"Rolling Stone\".", "Summer Camp Music Festival __knowledge__ The first Summer Camp Music Festival was held in 2001 at Three Sisters Park in Chillicothe, IL.", "Summer Camp Music Festival __knowledge__ About 1,000 attended the festival that year, and enjoyed over 20 bands on 2 stages over the course of 2 days.", "Summer Camp Music Festival __knowledge__ Since then, Summer Camp Music Festival has grown to more than 20,000 attendees, hosting more than 100 bands on 7 stages over 4 days.", "Summer camp __knowledge__ Summer camp is a supervised program for children or teenagers conducted during the summer months in some countries.", "Summer camp __knowledge__ Children and adolescents who attend summer camp are known as \"campers\".", "Summer camp __knowledge__ Summer school is usually a required academic curriculum for a student to make up work not accomplished during the academic year, whereas summer camps can include academic work, but is not a requirement for graduation.", "Summer camp __knowledge__ The traditional view of a summer camp as a woody place with hiking, canoeing, and campfires is changing, with greater acceptance of newer types summer camps that offer a wide variety of specialized activities.", "Greater St. Louis Area Council __knowledge__ The Greater Saint Louis Area Council of the Boy Scouts of America was formed in 1911 and is based in St. Louis, Missouri.", "Greater St. Louis Area Council __knowledge__ It is the compilation of several former councils that have merged with the council over the years.", "Greater St. Louis Area Council __knowledge__ The council serves Scouts in the St. Louis Metro area, southeast Missouri, and southern Illinois.", "Greater St. Louis Area Council __knowledge__ The Council operates Beaumont Scout Reservation, S-F Scout Ranch, Camp Lewallen, and Camp Pine Ridge.", "Greater St. Louis Area Council __knowledge__ Irondale Scout Reservation was founded in Irondale, Missouri, in 1920.", "Greater St. Louis Area Council __knowledge__ Scouts first started camping in the area in 1913, when it was known as Grenia Springs.", "Greater St. Louis Area Council __knowledge__ Later it would be called Camp Roosevelt, but the Camp Irondale name was adopted in 1920, when land was donated to the St. Louis Council by Clarance Howard.", "White Stag Leadership Development Program __knowledge__ The White Stag Leadership Development Program, founded in 1958, is a summer camp for youth 11-18 led by two California-based non-profits that sponsor leadership development activities.", "White Stag Leadership Development Program __knowledge__ The teen youth staff of the two programs develop and produce several week-long leadership summer camps every year for several hundred youth from Central and Northern California and a few youth from other states and countries.", "White Stag Leadership Development Program __knowledge__ The outdoors program is based on hands-on learning methods to develop competencies.", "White Stag Leadership Development Program __knowledge__ The program was founded on the Monterey Peninsula, California, in 1958 by Dr. Béla H. Bánáthy, a Hungarian immigrant who taught at the language school." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tennis __knowledge__ Tennis is a racket sport that can be played individually against a single opponent (singles) or between two teams of two players each (doubles).", "Tennis __knowledge__ Each player uses a tennis racket that is strung with cord to strike a hollow rubber ball covered with felt over or around a net and into the opponent's court.", "Tennis __knowledge__ The object of the game is to play the ball in such a way that the opponent is not able to play a valid return.", "Tennis __knowledge__ The player who is unable to return the ball will not gain a point, while the opposite player will.", "Tennis __knowledge__ Tennis is an Olympic sport and is played at all levels of society and at all ages.", "Tennis __knowledge__ The sport can be played by anyone who can hold a racket, including wheelchair users.", "Tennis __knowledge__ The modern game of tennis originated in Birmingham, England, in the late 19th century as lawn tennis.", "Tennis __knowledge__ It had close connections both to various field (lawn) games such as croquet and bowls as well as to the older racket sport today called real tennis.", "Tennis __knowledge__ During most of the 19th century, in fact, the term \"tennis\" referred to real tennis, not lawn tennis: for example, in Disraeli's novel \"Sybil\" (1845), Lord Eugene De Vere announces that he will \"go down to Hampton Court and play tennis.\"", "Tennis __knowledge__ The rules of modern tennis have changed little since the 1890s.", "Chris Malonga __knowledge__ Francis Chris Malonga Ntsayi (born 11 July 1987 in Sens) is a French-born Congolese footballer.", "Chris Malonga __knowledge__ He plays as a versatile box-to-box midfielder who is capable of playing as either a centre midfielder or an attacker.", "Chris Malonga __knowledge__ After starting in the small club Migennes he moved to Auxerre, Malonga began his career with hometown club Auxerre and spent three years at the club before joining CS Louhans-Cuiseaux.", "Chris Malonga __knowledge__ After a year's stint there, he joined Nancy and spent three years in the club's youth academy before making his professional debut during the 2007–08 season.", "Chris Malonga __knowledge__ In 2007/08 Ligue 1 season, Malonga made his debut on 11 August 2007 in a 1–0 win over Caen and the next game on 16 August 2007, Malonga provided assist to Pascal Berenguer, which turned out to be a winning goal in a 2–1 win against Nice.", "Dami Im __knowledge__ Dami Im (, , ; born 17 October 1988) is a Korean-born Australian singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist performing artist.", "Dami Im __knowledge__ Im is known for achieving the best ever Eurovision result for Australia.", "Dami Im __knowledge__ Im emigrated to Australia from South Korea with her family at the age of nine.", "Dami Im __knowledge__ She won the fifth season of \"The X Factor Australia\" and subsequently received a recording contract with Sony Music Australia.", "Dami Im __knowledge__ After winning \"The X Factor\", Im released her debut and winner's single \"Alive\", which debuted at number one on the ARIA Singles Chart.", "Dami Im __knowledge__ This was followed by the release of her self-titled second studio album, which debuted at number one the ARIA Albums Chart and was certified platinum by the Australian Recording Industry Association.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ Gag Concert () is a Korean sketch-comedy TV show on KBS 2TV network.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ It began airing in September 1999 and is the oldest of South Korea current comedy programs.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ The show is recorded on Wednesdays and airs on KBS 2TV on Sundays at 9:15 PM.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ The show airs with English subtitles after two weeks on KBS World TV on Saturdays at 6:00 PM.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ \"※ As of 7 January 2018\" \"(Korean: 아무말 대잔치, Starring: Jang Kiyeong, Park Yeongjin, Hong Hwon, Shin Jongryeong, Song Junseok)\" The contest that allows you to say anything.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ Contestants usually say the opposite of what one would expect them to say based on the context.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ \"(Korean: 명훈아 명훈아 명훈아, Starring: Jeong Myeonghun, Kim Minkyeong, Oh Nami, Lee Hyeonjeong)\" Three glamorous ladies try to entice Jeong Myeonghun with their charms.", "Im Tirtzu __knowledge__ Im Tirtzu (Hebrew: אם תרצו, lit.", "Im Tirtzu __knowledge__ 'If you will it') is a Zionist non-governmental organization based in Israel.", "Im Tirtzu __knowledge__ Its name is derived from an epigraph appended to the frontespiece of Theodor Herzl's novel Altneuland, 'if you wish it, it is no fairy-tale,' rendered into modern Hebrew in Nahum Sokolow's translation in 1903, as \"Im tirtzu ein zo agadah.\"", "Im Tirtzu __knowledge__ (\"If you will it, it is no dream.\")", "Im Tirtzu __knowledge__ On its establishment in 2006, the organization stated that its mission was to renew \"Zionist discourse, Zionist thinking and Zionist ideology to ensure the future of the Jewish nation and the State of Israel.\"", "Im Tirtzu __knowledge__ Claiming to \"strengthen and advance the values of Zionism in Israel\", it sees itself as dedicated to combating a \"campaign of de-legitimization against the State of Israel and to [provide] responses to Post-Zionist and Anti-Zionist phenomena\".", "Hayyim Angel __knowledge__ Rabbi Hayyim Angel is the National Scholar of the Institute for Jewish Ideas and Ideals (jewishideas.org).", "Hayyim Angel __knowledge__ He has taught advanced Bible courses to undergraduate, graduate, and rabbinical students at Yeshiva University since 1996, and lectures widely.", "Hayyim Angel __knowledge__ He also serves as the Tanakh Education Scholar at Yeshivat Ben Porat Yosef in Paramus, New Jersey.", "Hayyim Angel __knowledge__ He has published over 130 scholarly articles, primarily in Bible, and is author or editor of sixteen books.", "Hayyim Angel __knowledge__ His scholarship focuses on the interaction between traditional and academic approaches to Bible study.", "Hayyim Angel __knowledge__ He previously served as Rabbi of Congregation Shearith Israel in New York City (1995-2013), and as Rabbinic Scholar at Congregation Kehilath Jeshurun in New York (2014-2017).", "Bani Na'im __knowledge__ Bani Na'im (, \"Banî Na‘îm\") is a Palestinian town in the southern West Bank located east of Hebron in the Hebron Governorate.", "Bani Na'im __knowledge__ Known as Brekke in the pre-Roman era, it was later referred to as \"Caphar Barucha\" in the 4th century.", "Bani Na'im __knowledge__ The town is best known as the burial place of Lot.", "Bani Na'im __knowledge__ Following the Muslim conquest, its name was Arabized as \"Kafr al-Barik.\"", "Bani Na'im __knowledge__ The tomb of Lot was turned into a mosque during Islamic rule and remained so under Crusader rule.", "Bani Na'im __knowledge__ Later, the Arab tribe of \"Bani Nu'aym\" settled there, giving the town its current name \"Bani Na'im,\" first used by Muslim scholar Abd al-Ghani al-Nabulsi in 1690.", "Oberweiler im Tal __knowledge__ Oberweiler im Tal is an \"Ortsgemeinde\" – a municipality belonging to a \"Verbandsgemeinde\", a kind of collective municipality – in the Kusel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.", "Oberweiler im Tal __knowledge__ It belongs to the \"Verbandsgemeinde\" Lauterecken-Wolfstein.", "Oberweiler im Tal __knowledge__ In the south at the municipal limit with Eßweiler stands a ruined castle, the Sprengelburg, which was built about 1300.", "Oberweiler im Tal __knowledge__ Oberweiler im Tal, in the North Palatine Uplands, lies in the \"Eßweiler Tal\" (dale) at an elevation of some 205 m above sea level against the backdrop of the Königsberg to the east, up from a narrowing in the dale where the water from the Jettenbach flows down a steep slope onto the flatter land on the floor of the dale.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "List of Modern Family characters __knowledge__ \"Modern Family\", an American TV comedy series, revolves around three families that are interrelated through Jay Pritchett, his son Mitchell Pritchett, and his daughter Claire Dunphy.", "List of Modern Family characters __knowledge__ The families meet for family functions, around the neighborhood, and cross-family bonding.", "List of Modern Family characters __knowledge__ Philip Humphrey \"Phil\" Dunphy (Ty Burrell) is Claire's husband of 20 years who sees himself as the \"cool dad.\"", "List of Modern Family characters __knowledge__ He dotes on his wife Claire and constantly tries to find ways to bond with his three kids.", "List of Modern Family characters __knowledge__ He is seen as very competitive, one example being his nature of always beating his son at basketball.", "List of Modern Family characters __knowledge__ He has a very juvenile attitude, and is referred to by Claire as the \"kid [she's] married to.\"", "Lifestylez ov da Poor & Dangerous __knowledge__ Lifestylez ov da Poor & Dangerous is the only album released by American hip hop artist Big L in his lifetime, released March 28, 1995 on Columbia Records.", "Lifestylez ov da Poor & Dangerous __knowledge__ Recording sessions took place primarily at Powerplay Studios in Queens, New York from 1993 to 1994.", "Lifestylez ov da Poor & Dangerous __knowledge__ Production was handled by Buckwild, Lord Finesse, Showbiz and Craig Boogie.", "Lifestylez ov da Poor & Dangerous __knowledge__ After being discovered by Lord Finesse in 1990, Big L signed a deal with Columbia Records, and he started to work on the album.", "Lifestylez ov da Poor & Dangerous __knowledge__ The album debuted at number 149 on the US \"Billboard\" 200 and number 22 on R&B/Hip-Hop Albums, but did not chart internationally.", "Lifestylez ov da Poor & Dangerous __knowledge__ \"Lifestylez ov da Poor & Dangerous\" spawned three singles: \"Put It On\", \"M.V.P.", "Jane Pauley __knowledge__ Margaret Jane Pauley (born October 31, 1950), better known as Jane Pauley, is an American television journalist and author; she has been involved in news reporting since 1972.", "Jane Pauley __knowledge__ She is the anchor of \"CBS Sunday Morning\" and previously best known for her 13-year tenure on NBC's \"Today\" program, followed by 12 years as co-host of \"Dateline NBC\", and for her public acknowledgements of her struggle with bipolar disorder.", "Jane Pauley __knowledge__ Jane Pauley, born on October 31, 1950, is a fifth generation Hoosier, the second child of Richard and Mary Pauley.", "Jane Pauley __knowledge__ Dick Pauley, a Jimmy Stewart lookalike, was a traveling salesman for the Wilson Milk Company.", "Band Geeks __knowledge__ \"Band Geeks\" is the second part of the 15th episode of the second season, and the second half of the 35th episode overall, of the American animated television program \"SpongeBob SquarePants\".", "Band Geeks __knowledge__ It originally aired on Nickelodeon in the United States on September 7, 2001.", "Band Geeks __knowledge__ It was written by C. H. Greenblatt, Aaron Springer, and Merriwether Williams, and the animation was directed by Frank Weiss.", "Band Geeks __knowledge__ Springer served as storyboard director, and Greenblatt served as storyboard artist.", "Band Geeks __knowledge__ The song \"Sweet Victory\" by David Glen Eisley was featured in the episode and was later released on the album \"\" in 2005.", "Band Geeks __knowledge__ The series follows the adventures and endeavors of the title character and his various friends in the underwater city of Bikini Bottom.", "All I Have (album) __knowledge__ All I Have is the debut studio album recorded by American R&B recording artist Amerie.", "All I Have (album) __knowledge__ It was released on July 30, 2002 through Columbia Records, Rise Entertainment and Richcraft Records.", "All I Have (album) __knowledge__ Entirely produced by Rich Harrison, the album was recorded at Cue Recording Studios in Falls Church, Virginia and at Lobo Studios and The Hit Factory in New York City, New York.", "All I Have (album) __knowledge__ The album debuted and peaked at number nine on the US \"Billboard\" 200 chart in August 2002, remaining in the top twenty for two weeks only and dropping off the top hundred in its fourteenth week.", "All I Have (album) __knowledge__ It also received generally mixed reviews from the music critics.", "Max Frisch __knowledge__ Max Rudolf Frisch (May 15, 1911 – April 4, 1991) was a Swiss playwright and novelist.", "Max Frisch __knowledge__ Frisch's works focused on problems of identity, individuality, responsibility, morality, and political commitment.", "Max Frisch __knowledge__ His use of irony is a significant feature of his post-war publications.", "Max Frisch __knowledge__ Frisch was one of the founders of Gruppe Olten.", "Max Frisch __knowledge__ He was awarded the Neustadt International Prize for Literature in 1986.", "Max Frisch __knowledge__ Frisch was born in 1911 in Zürich, the second son of Franz Bruno Frisch, an architect, and Karolina Bettina Frisch (née Wildermuth).", "Max Frisch __knowledge__ He had a half-sister, Emma (1899–1972), his father's daughter by a previous marriage, and a brother, Franz, eight years his senior (1903–1978)." ] ]

[ 3, 23, 70, 47 ]

[ "Hey! Do you play tennis?", "Did you enjoy summer camp?", "Well maybe you can become better at it, if it's something that you enjoyed", "I'm not sure. I've never taken lessons before. I just played in my freshman year in high school and it was terrible. I honestly don't know how I made the team hah" ]

[ "Tennis", "Tennis", "Tennis", "Tennis" ]

[ "Blue Ridge Parkway", "Yea its very beautiful. I go there for trail walking. ", "I agree, is it lush and full of vegetation or is it mostly barren?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Blue Ridge Parkway __knowledge__ The Blue Ridge Parkway is a National Parkway and All-American Road in the United States, noted for its scenic beauty.", "Blue Ridge Parkway __knowledge__ The parkway, which is America's longest linear park, runs for through 29 Virginia and North Carolina counties, linking Shenandoah National Park to Great Smoky Mountains National Park.", "Blue Ridge Parkway __knowledge__ It runs mostly along the spine of the Blue Ridge, a major mountain chain that is part of the Appalachian Mountains.", "Blue Ridge Parkway __knowledge__ Its southern terminus is at U.S. 441 on the boundary between Great Smoky Mountains National Park and the Cherokee Indian Reservation in North Carolina, from which it travels north to Shenandoah National Park in Virginia.", "Blue Ridge Parkway __knowledge__ The roadway continues through Shenandoah as Skyline Drive, a similar scenic road which is managed by a different National Park Service unit.", "Blue Ridge Parkway __knowledge__ The parkway has been the most visited unit of the National Park System every year since 1946 except three (1949, 2013, and 2016).", "Blue Ridge Parkway __knowledge__ Land on either side of the road is owned and maintained by the National Park Service, and in many places parkway land is bordered by United States Forest Service property.", "Blue Ridge Parkway __knowledge__ The parkway was on North Carolina's version of the America the Beautiful quarter in 2015.", "Blue Ridge Parkway __knowledge__ Begun during the administration of President Franklin D. Roosevelt, the project was originally called the Appalachian Scenic Highway." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Blue Ridge Parkway __knowledge__ The Blue Ridge Parkway is a National Parkway and All-American Road in the United States, noted for its scenic beauty.", "Blue Ridge Parkway __knowledge__ The parkway, which is America's longest linear park, runs for through 29 Virginia and North Carolina counties, linking Shenandoah National Park to Great Smoky Mountains National Park.", "Blue Ridge Parkway __knowledge__ It runs mostly along the spine of the Blue Ridge, a major mountain chain that is part of the Appalachian Mountains.", "Blue Ridge Parkway __knowledge__ Its southern terminus is at U.S. 441 on the boundary between Great Smoky Mountains National Park and the Cherokee Indian Reservation in North Carolina, from which it travels north to Shenandoah National Park in Virginia.", "Blue Ridge Parkway __knowledge__ The roadway continues through Shenandoah as Skyline Drive, a similar scenic road which is managed by a different National Park Service unit.", "Blue Ridge Parkway __knowledge__ The parkway has been the most visited unit of the National Park System every year since 1946 except three (1949, 2013, and 2016).", "Blue Ridge Parkway __knowledge__ Land on either side of the road is owned and maintained by the National Park Service, and in many places parkway land is bordered by United States Forest Service property.", "Blue Ridge Parkway __knowledge__ The parkway was on North Carolina's version of the America the Beautiful quarter in 2015.", "Blue Ridge Parkway __knowledge__ Begun during the administration of President Franklin D. Roosevelt, the project was originally called the Appalachian Scenic Highway.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Yea ( ) is a town in Victoria, Australia north-east of Melbourne at the junction of the Goulburn Valley Highway and the Melba Highway, in the Shire of Murrindindi local government area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ In an area originally inhabited by the Taungurong people, it was first visited by Europeans of the Hume and Hovell expedition in 1824, and within 15 years most of the land in the area had been taken up by graziers.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Surveyed in 1855, the township grew as a service centre for grazing, gold-mining and timber-getting in the area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ The town has had a fairly stable population (around 1,100) since 1900, though it now has a relatively old population.", "Clare, South Australia __knowledge__ The town of Clare (postcode 5453) is located in South Australia in the Mid North region, 136 km north of Adelaide.", "Clare, South Australia __knowledge__ It gives its name to the Clare Valley wine and tourist region.", "Clare, South Australia __knowledge__ The first European to explore the district was John Hill, who in April 1839 discovered and named the Wakefield River and Hutt River.", "Clare, South Australia __knowledge__ In early 1840 the first European settlers arrived in the district, led by John Horrocks.", "Clare, South Australia __knowledge__ The town itself was established in 1842 by Edward Burton Gleeson, and named after his ancestral home of County Clare in Ireland, although the town was first named Inchiquin after Gleeson's property.", "Clare, South Australia __knowledge__ Lake Inchiquin is now the name of a reservoir located to the north of the town, near the golf club.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Lacy Walter Giles Yea (20 May 1808 – 18 June 1855) was a British Army colonel, known for his role in the Crimean War, where he was killed in action.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Born in Park Row, Bristol, on 20 May 1808, he was eldest son of Sir William Walter Yea, second baronet, of Pyrland, near Taunton, Somerset, who married, on 24 June 1805, Anne Heckstetter (d. 1846), youngest daughter of Colonel David Michel of Dulish House, Dorset.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Lacy Yea was educated at Eton College.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ He was commissioned as ensign in the 37th foot on 6 October 1825, obtained an unattached lieutenancy on 19 December 1826, was appointed to the 5th Foot on 13 March 1827, and exchanged to the 7th (Royal Fusiliers) on 13 March 1828.", "California Trail __knowledge__ The California Trail was an emigrant trail of about across the western half of the North American continent from Missouri River towns to what is now the state of California.", "California Trail __knowledge__ After it was established, the first half of the California Trail followed the same corridor of networked river valley trails as the Oregon Trail and the Mormon Trail, namely the valleys of the Platte, North Platte and Sweetwater rivers to Wyoming.", "California Trail __knowledge__ In the present states of Wyoming, Idaho, and Utah, the California and Oregon trails split into several different trails or cutoffs.", "California Trail __knowledge__ By 1847, two former fur trading frontier forts marked trailheads for major alternative routes through Utah and Wyoming to Northern California.", "Saugeen Shores __knowledge__ Saugeen Shores is a town in Bruce County, Ontario, Canada, formed in 1998.", "Saugeen Shores __knowledge__ (The name \"Saugeen\" is the corrupted form of the word \"Zaagiing\" in the language of the Chippewas of Saugeen Ojibway Territory, meaning \"at the river's outlet\" or \"at the mouth of the river\".)", "Saugeen Shores __knowledge__ On January 30, 1998, the provincial government amalgamated the Towns of Southampton and Port Elgin, together with Saugeen Township, to form the Town of Port Elgin-Saugeen-Southampton.", "Saugeen Shores __knowledge__ On December 17, 1998, the Province renamed the entity as the Town of Saugeen Shores.", "Saugeen Shores __knowledge__ The primary employment categories are agriculture, small business, tourism and work at the Bruce Power nuclear power station.", "Port Elgin, Ontario __knowledge__ Port Elgin is a community in Bruce County, Ontario.", "Port Elgin, Ontario __knowledge__ Originally named Normanton the town was renamed Port Elgin when it was incorporated in 1874, after James Bruce, 8th Earl of Elgin, a former Governor General of the Province of Canada.", "Port Elgin, Ontario __knowledge__ Although road signs indicate the name Port Elgin, it is no longer an entity, per se.", "Port Elgin, Ontario __knowledge__ In 1998, the Town of Southampton, the Town of Port Elgin and Saugeen Township were amalgamated to form the Town of Port Elgin-Saugeen-Southampton.", "Port Elgin, Ontario __knowledge__ On December 17, 1998, the Province renamed the new municipality as the Town of Saugeen Shores.", "Port Elgin, Ontario __knowledge__ Unlike \"beach towns\" such as Sauble Beach, this is a four seasons community where most businesses are open all year and activities for locals are available most every month.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ 1776 is a musical with music and lyrics by Sherman Edwards and a book by Peter Stone.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ The story is based on the events surrounding the signing of the Declaration of Independence.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ It dramatizes the efforts of John Adams to persuade his colleagues to vote for American independence and to sign the document.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ It premiered on Broadway in 1969, earning warm reviews, and ran for 1,217 performances.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ The production was nominated for five Tony Awards and won three, including the Tony Award for Best Musical.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ In 1972 it was made into a film adaptation.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ It was revived on Broadway in 1997.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ In 1925, Rodgers and Hart had written a musical about the American Revolution, called \"Dearest Enemy\".", "Blue Ridge Parkway Foundation __knowledge__ The Blue Ridge Parkway Foundation, in Winston-Salem, North Carolina is a nonprofit organization classified as a 501(c)(3) by the Internal Revenue Service.", "Blue Ridge Parkway Foundation __knowledge__ The Foundation was created in 1997 by Dr. Houck Medford, to raise private funding for the Blue Ridge Parkway, one of the most visited units of the National Park system.", "Blue Ridge Parkway Foundation __knowledge__ In 2016, the Blue Ridge Parkway welcomed more than 15 million visitors.", "Blue Ridge Parkway Foundation __knowledge__ The Foundation is governed by a volunteer Board of Trustees.", "Blue Ridge Parkway Foundation __knowledge__ Each Trustee is elected by their peers and serves a three-year term.", "Blue Ridge Parkway Foundation __knowledge__ The CEO runs the day-to-day operations of the Foundation, and is a paid staff member.", "Glenwood Cluster __knowledge__ The Glenwood Cluster is a region in the George Washington and Jefferson National Forests recognized by The Wilderness Society for its rich biodiversity, scenery, wildflower displays, cold-water trout streams and horse trails.", "Glenwood Cluster __knowledge__ It offers a unique habitat for rare plants, salamanders and other rare species.", "Glenwood Cluster __knowledge__ The Blue Ridge Parkway and the Appalachian Trail traverse the area giving ready access with views to the east of the Piedmont foothills and to the west of the Valley of Virginia.", "Glenwood Cluster __knowledge__ The region includes wilderness areas protected by Congressional action, inventoried wilderness, and inventoried areas recognized by the Wilderness Society as worthy of protection from timbering and roads.", "Foothills Parkway __knowledge__ The Foothills Parkway is a national parkway which partly traverses the foothills of the northern Great Smoky Mountains in East Tennessee, located in the southeastern United States.", "Foothills Parkway __knowledge__ If completed, the 71-mile (114 km) parkway will connect U.S. Route 129 (U.S. 129) along the Little Tennessee River in the west with Interstate 40 (I-40) along the Pigeon River in the east.", "Foothills Parkway __knowledge__ Current and future portions pass through parts of Blount, Sevier, and Cocke counties.", "Foothills Parkway __knowledge__ Large sections cross a series of high ridges running roughly parallel to the Tennessee boundary of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, and offer unobstructed views of the Great Smokies to the south and the Tennessee Valley to the north.", "History of the National Park Service __knowledge__ Since 1872 the United States National Park System has grown from a single, public reservation called Yellowstone National Park to embrace over 450 natural, historical, recreational, and cultural areas throughout the United States, its territories, and island possessions.", "History of the National Park Service __knowledge__ These areas include a diverse varieties of areas —National Parks, National Monuments, National Memorials, National Military Parks, National Historic Sites, National Parkways, National Recreation Areas, National Seashores, National Scenic Riverways, National Scenic Trails, and others.", "History of the National Park Service __knowledge__ The national park idea has been credited to the artist George Catlin.", "Skyline Drive __knowledge__ Skyline Drive is a road that runs the entire length of the National Park Service's Shenandoah National Park in the Blue Ridge Mountains of Virginia, generally along the ridge of the mountains.", "Skyline Drive __knowledge__ The drive's northern terminus is at an intersection with U.S. Route 340 (US 340) near Front Royal, and the southern terminus is at an interchange with US 250 near Interstate 64 (I-64) in Rockfish Gap, where the road continues south as the Blue Ridge Parkway.", "Skyline Drive __knowledge__ The road has intermediate interchanges with US 211 in Thornton Gap and US 33 in Swift Run Gap.", "Skyline Drive __knowledge__ A park entrance fee is charged at the four access points to the drive.", "Blue Ridge Mountains __knowledge__ The Blue Ridge Mountains are a physiographic province of the larger Appalachian Mountains range.", "Blue Ridge Mountains __knowledge__ This province consists of northern and southern physiographic regions, which divide near the Roanoke River gap.", "Blue Ridge Mountains __knowledge__ The mountain range is located in the eastern United States, starting at its southernmost portion in Georgia, then ending northward in Pennsylvania.", "Blue Ridge Mountains __knowledge__ To the west of the Blue Ridge, between it and the bulk of the Appalachians, lies the Great Appalachian Valley, bordered on the west by the Ridge and Valley province of the Appalachian range.", "Blue Ridge Mountains __knowledge__ The Blue Ridge Mountains are noted for having a bluish color when seen from a distance." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Blue Ridge Parkway __knowledge__ The Blue Ridge Parkway is a National Parkway and All-American Road in the United States, noted for its scenic beauty.", "Blue Ridge Parkway __knowledge__ The parkway, which is America's longest linear park, runs for through 29 Virginia and North Carolina counties, linking Shenandoah National Park to Great Smoky Mountains National Park.", "Blue Ridge Parkway __knowledge__ It runs mostly along the spine of the Blue Ridge, a major mountain chain that is part of the Appalachian Mountains.", "Blue Ridge Parkway __knowledge__ Its southern terminus is at U.S. 441 on the boundary between Great Smoky Mountains National Park and the Cherokee Indian Reservation in North Carolina, from which it travels north to Shenandoah National Park in Virginia.", "Blue Ridge Parkway __knowledge__ The roadway continues through Shenandoah as Skyline Drive, a similar scenic road which is managed by a different National Park Service unit.", "Blue Ridge Parkway __knowledge__ The parkway has been the most visited unit of the National Park System every year since 1946 except three (1949, 2013, and 2016).", "Blue Ridge Parkway __knowledge__ Land on either side of the road is owned and maintained by the National Park Service, and in many places parkway land is bordered by United States Forest Service property.", "Blue Ridge Parkway __knowledge__ The parkway was on North Carolina's version of the America the Beautiful quarter in 2015.", "Blue Ridge Parkway __knowledge__ Begun during the administration of President Franklin D. Roosevelt, the project was originally called the Appalachian Scenic Highway.", "Northern Basin and Range ecoregion __knowledge__ The Northern Basin and Range ecoregion is a Level III ecoregion designated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in the U.S. states of Oregon, Idaho, Nevada, Utah, and California.", "Northern Basin and Range ecoregion __knowledge__ It contains dissected lava plains, rolling hills, alluvial fans, valleys, and scattered mountain ranges in the northern part of the Great Basin.", "Northern Basin and Range ecoregion __knowledge__ Although arid, the ecoregion is higher and cooler than the Snake River Plain to the north and has more available moisture and a cooler climate than the Central Basin and Range to the south.", "Northern Basin and Range ecoregion __knowledge__ Its southern boundary is determined by the highest shoreline of Pleistocene Lake Bonneville, which once inundated the Central Basin and Range.", "Barren Island, Brooklyn __knowledge__ Barren Island was an island in Jamaica Bay, off the southeast shore of Brooklyn in New York City, New York.", "Barren Island, Brooklyn __knowledge__ It was originally part of a Lenape Native American land before being settled in the 17th century.", "Barren Island, Brooklyn __knowledge__ Barren Island, whose name is a corruption of a Dutch word for bears, was geographically part of the outer barrier island group on the South Shore of Long Island.", "Barren Island, Brooklyn __knowledge__ The former island is separated from the Rockaway Peninsula in Queens by the Rockaway Inlet.", "Barren Island, Brooklyn __knowledge__ The island was sparsely inhabited before the 19th century, owing mainly to its isolated location away from the rest of the city.", "Barren Island, Brooklyn __knowledge__ From 1859 to the mid-1930s, Barren Island was developed as an industrial complex.", "Barren vegetation __knowledge__ Barren vegetation describes an area of land where plant growth may be sparse, stunted, and/or contain limited biodiversity.", "Barren vegetation __knowledge__ Environmental conditions such as toxic or infertile soil, high winds, coastal salt-spray and climatic conditions are often key factors in poor plant growth and development.", "Barren vegetation __knowledge__ Barren vegetation can be categorized depending on the climate, geology and the geographic location of a specific area.", "Barren vegetation __knowledge__ Pine barrens, coastal barrens and serpentine barrens are some of the more distinct ecoregions for barren vegetation and are the most commonly researched by scientists.", "Barren vegetation __knowledge__ Often referred to as \"heathlands\", barrens can be excellent environments for unique biological diversity and taxonomic compositions.", "The Books of Abarat __knowledge__ The Books of Abarat are a series of young adult fantasy novels written and illustrated by English writer and visual artist Clive Barker.", "The Books of Abarat __knowledge__ The series is intended to contain five books, of which three have so far been published.", "The Books of Abarat __knowledge__ The series takes place on the Abarat, a fictional archipelago consisting of twenty-five islands, one for each hour of the day (and one extra).", "The Books of Abarat __knowledge__ The series is intended to consist of five books: Barker began painting illustrations for the first book in the series, \"Abarat\", in 1995.", "The Books of Abarat __knowledge__ He had originally intended for these paintings to be used in a 25-story \"Book of Hours\".", "The Books of Abarat __knowledge__ As the number of paintings increased and the plot idea expanded, he decided the series would require four books (later increased to five) to fully contain the plot and characterisation.", "Billy Lush (baseball) __knowledge__ William Lucas \"Billy\" Lush (November 10, 1873 – August 28, 1951) was an American baseball player and college athletics coach and administrator.", "Billy Lush (baseball) __knowledge__ He played seven seasons of Major League Baseball from 1895 to 1904, including three with the Washington Senators.", "Billy Lush (baseball) __knowledge__ He later worked as a college athletics coach (mostly baseball and basketball) at Yale University, Columbia University, Fordham University, the United States Naval Academy, St. John's University, the University of Baltimore and Trinity College, Hartford.", "Billy Lush (baseball) __knowledge__ He also held athletic director positions at Fordham and the Naval Academy.", "Billy Lush (baseball) __knowledge__ In the 1930s, he coached athletic teams at Sing Sing prison in Ossining, New York.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ This list of ecoregions of North America provides an overview of North American ecoregions designated by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC) in its North American Environmental Atlas.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ It should not be confused with Wikipedia articles based on the classification system developed by the World Wildlife Fund, such as List of ecoregions (WWF) and Lists of ecoregions by country.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ The commission was established in 1994 by the member states of Canada, Mexico, and the United States to address regional environmental concerns under the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC), the environmental side accord to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).", "Lajat __knowledge__ The Lajat (/ALA-LC: \"al-Lajāʾ\"), also spelled \"Lejat\", \"Lajah\", \"el-Leja\" or \"Laja\", is the largest lava field in southern Syria, spanning some 900 square kilometers.", "Lajat __knowledge__ Located about southeast of Damascus, the Lajat borders the Hauran plain to the west and the foothills of Jabal al-Druze to the south.", "Lajat __knowledge__ The average elevation is between 600 and 700 meters above sea level, with the highest volcanic cone being 1,159 meters above sea level.", "Lajat __knowledge__ Receiving little annual rainfall, the Lajat is largely barren, though there are scattered patches of arable land in some of its depressions.", "Lajat __knowledge__ The region has been known by a number of names throughout its history, including Argob ( \"Argov\",) in the Hebrew Bible and Trachonitis by the Greeks, a name under which it is mentioned in the Gospel of Luke ().", "List of Maryland Scenic Byways __knowledge__ The Maryland Scenic Byways system consists of nineteen byways that pass through scenic and historic areas across the U.S. state of Maryland, with four of them designated as National Scenic Byways and two of them designated as All-American Roads.", "List of Maryland Scenic Byways __knowledge__ The byways pass through a variety of surroundings, such as the mountains of Western Maryland, the rolling countryside in the northern part of the state, urban sites in the Baltimore and Washington, D.C. areas, small towns and wildlife areas along the Chesapeake Bay, and beaches along the Atlantic Ocean.", "List of Maryland Scenic Byways __knowledge__ The byways also serve historical sites ranging from colonial settlement, the War of 1812, and the American Civil War, along with byways that follow the historic routes of the National Road, the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, and the Underground Railroad.", "Big Sur __knowledge__ Big Sur is a lightly populated, unincorporated region on California's Central Coast that is frequently praised for its rugged coastline and mountain views, where the Santa Lucia Mountains rise abruptly from the Pacific Ocean.", "Big Sur __knowledge__ The coast is the \"longest and most scenic stretch of undeveloped coastline in the [contiguous] United States,\" it has been described as a \"national treasure that demands extraordinary procedures to protect it from development\" and \"one of the most beautiful coastlines anywhere in the world, an isolated stretch of road, mythic in reputation.\"", "Big Sur __knowledge__ Big Sur's Cone Peak at 5,155 feet (1,571 m) is only 3 miles (5 km) from the ocean and the tallest coastal mountain in the contiguous United States.", "Highway Beautification Act __knowledge__ In the United States, highway beautification is the subject of the Highway Beautification Act, passed in the Senate on September 16, 1965 and in the U.S. House of Representatives on October 8, 1965, and signed by the President Lyndon B. Johnson on October 22, 1965.", "Highway Beautification Act __knowledge__ This created \"23 USC 131\" or Section 131 of Title 23, United States Code (1965), commonly referred to as \"Title I of the Highway Beautification Act of 1965, as Amended\".", "Highway Beautification Act __knowledge__ The act called for control of outdoor advertising, including removal of certain types of signs, along the nation's growing Interstate Highway System and the existing federal-aid primary highway system.", "California State Route 1 __knowledge__ State Route 1 (SR 1) is a major north–south state highway that runs along most of the Pacific coastline of the U.S. state of California.", "California State Route 1 __knowledge__ At a total of just over , it is the longest state route in California.", "California State Route 1 __knowledge__ SR 1 has several portions designated as either Pacific Coast Highway (PCH), Cabrillo Highway, Shoreline Highway, or Coast Highway.", "California State Route 1 __knowledge__ Its southern terminus is at Interstate 5 (I-5) near Dana Point in Orange County and its northern terminus is at U.S. Route 101 (US 101) near Leggett in Mendocino County.", "California State Route 1 __knowledge__ SR 1 also at times runs concurrently with US 101, most notably through a stretch in Ventura and Santa Barbara counties, and across the Golden Gate Bridge.", "Cultural Property (Japan) __knowledge__ A is administered by the Japanese government's Agency for Cultural Affairs, and includes tangible properties (structures and works of art or craft); intangible properties (performing arts and craft techniques); folk properties both tangible and intangible; monuments historic, scenic and natural; cultural landscapes; and groups of traditional buildings.", "Cultural Property (Japan) __knowledge__ Buried properties and conservation techniques are also protected.", "Cultural Property (Japan) __knowledge__ Together these cultural properties are to be preserved and utilized as the heritage of the Japanese people.", "Cultural Property (Japan) __knowledge__ To protect Japan's cultural heritage, the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties contains a under which selected important items are designated as Cultural Properties, which imposes restrictions on the alteration, repair, and export of such designated objects.", "National Scenic Byway __knowledge__ A National Scenic Byway is a road recognized by the United States Department of Transportation for one or more of six \"intrinsic qualities\": archeological, cultural, historic, natural, recreational, and scenic.", "National Scenic Byway __knowledge__ The program was established by Congress in 1991 to preserve and protect the nation's scenic but often less-traveled roads and promote tourism and economic development.", "National Scenic Byway __knowledge__ The National Scenic Byways Program (NSBP) is administered by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA).", "National Scenic Byway __knowledge__ The most scenic byways are designated All-American Roads, which must meet two out of the six intrinsic qualities.", "National Scenic Byway __knowledge__ The designation means they have features that do not exist elsewhere in the United States and are unique and important enough to be tourist destinations unto themselves.", "Jeypore __knowledge__ Jeypore is the second largest city after Brahmapur of south Odisha and the Sub-Division of Koraput district of Odisha,and largest city in undivided koraput district.", "Jeypore __knowledge__ India.", "Jeypore __knowledge__ Along with Bhubaneswar, Cuttack, Sambalpur, Rourkela, Balasore, Puri and Brahmapur, Jeypore is one of the prominent places of Odisha.", "Jeypore __knowledge__ Jeypore pronounced in Odia as Joypur, literally means \"the city of victory\".", "Jeypore __knowledge__ Nature has bestowed Jeypore generously with waterfalls and dense green forests.", "Jeypore __knowledge__ This is also a prominent business place on southern Odisha.", "Jeypore __knowledge__ It is encompassed by hills of the Eastern Ghats and the more famous Araku hills on three sides like a horse shoe with the western side opening up to Chhattisgarh in central India." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 2 ]

[ "The Blue Ridge Parkway is a National Parkway ", "its an All-American Road in the United States, noted for its scenic beauty.", "The parkway, which is America's longest linear park, runs for through 29 Virginia and North Carolina counties with loads of vegetation" ]

[ "Blue Ridge Parkway", "Blue Ridge Parkway", "Blue Ridge Parkway" ]

[ "The Story So Far (band)", "No, what is it about?", "Oh ok. What country are they from? I may recognize their music but don't know them by name." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The Story So Far (band) __knowledge__ The Story So Far is an American pop punk band from Walnut Creek, California, formed in 2007.", "The Story So Far (band) __knowledge__ They are currently signed with Pure Noise Records and have released 3 studio albums to date.", "The Story So Far (band) __knowledge__ The Story So Far formed in Walnut Creek, California in 2007.", "The Story So Far (band) __knowledge__ Their name is taken from the New Found Glory song \"The Story So Far\".", "The Story So Far (band) __knowledge__ The band consisted of Parker Cannon on vocals, Kevin Geyer and Kevin Ambrose on guitar, Ryan Torf on drums, and Kelen Capener on bass.", "The Story So Far (band) __knowledge__ On December 22, the band released the \"5 Songs\" EP.", "The Story So Far (band) __knowledge__ Ambrose parted ways with the band when he went to college in 2010 and he was replaced by William Levy.", "The Story So Far (band) __knowledge__ In March 2010 it was announced the band had signed to Pure Noise.", "The Story So Far (band) __knowledge__ Two months later the band released an EP, \"While You Were Sleeping\" (2010).", "The Story So Far (band) __knowledge__ In November, the band released a split with Maker.", "The Story So Far (band) __knowledge__ Barrett Records released a split of The Story So Far and Morgan Foster in May 2011.", "The Story So Far (band) __knowledge__ Pure Noise released the band's debut album \"Under Soil and Dirt\" in June.", "The Story So Far (band) __knowledge__ On March 26, 2013, they released their second studio album, \"What You Don't See\", which debuted at number 46 on the \"Billboard\" 200 chart in the U.S.", "The Story So Far (band) __knowledge__ They have also released a split with Stick to Your Guns on June 18.", "The Story So Far (band) __knowledge__ This split contains one new original song, Clairvoyant, and one cover of Pinback's song \"Loro\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The Story So Far (band) __knowledge__ The Story So Far is an American pop punk band from Walnut Creek, California, formed in 2007.", "The Story So Far (band) __knowledge__ They are currently signed with Pure Noise Records and have released 3 studio albums to date.", "The Story So Far (band) __knowledge__ The Story So Far formed in Walnut Creek, California in 2007.", "The Story So Far (band) __knowledge__ Their name is taken from the New Found Glory song \"The Story So Far\".", "The Story So Far (band) __knowledge__ The band consisted of Parker Cannon on vocals, Kevin Geyer and Kevin Ambrose on guitar, Ryan Torf on drums, and Kelen Capener on bass.", "The Story So Far (band) __knowledge__ On December 22, the band released the \"5 Songs\" EP.", "The Story So Far (band) __knowledge__ Ambrose parted ways with the band when he went to college in 2010 and he was replaced by William Levy.", "The Story So Far (band) __knowledge__ In March 2010 it was announced the band had signed to Pure Noise.", "The Story So Far (band) __knowledge__ Two months later the band released an EP, \"While You Were Sleeping\" (2010).", "The Story So Far (band) __knowledge__ In November, the band released a split with Maker.", "The Story So Far (band) __knowledge__ Barrett Records released a split of The Story So Far and Morgan Foster in May 2011.", "The Story So Far (band) __knowledge__ Pure Noise released the band's debut album \"Under Soil and Dirt\" in June.", "The Story So Far (band) __knowledge__ On March 26, 2013, they released their second studio album, \"What You Don't See\", which debuted at number 46 on the \"Billboard\" 200 chart in the U.S.", "The Story So Far (band) __knowledge__ They have also released a split with Stick to Your Guns on June 18.", "The Story So Far (band) __knowledge__ This split contains one new original song, Clairvoyant, and one cover of Pinback's song \"Loro\".", "Jascha Spivakovsky __knowledge__ Jascha Spivakovsky (18 August 1896 – 23 March 1970) was a Ukrainian-Australian piano virtuoso of the 20th century.", "Jascha Spivakovsky __knowledge__ He was hailed as a child prodigy in Odessa but almost murdered by Imperial Guards during the 1905 Pogrom.", "Jascha Spivakovsky __knowledge__ He fled to Berlin and was declared the heir of Anton Rubinstein and likened to Ignacy Paderewski and Teresa Carreño before being imprisoned as an Imperial Russian enemy alien during World War I.", "Jascha Spivakovsky __knowledge__ In the interwar period he became internationally recognized as one of the greatest pianists in the world and regarded in Europe as the finest living interpreter of Brahms.", "Jascha Spivakovsky __knowledge__ He also formed a trio which toured Europe with phenomenal success and was declared the finest in the world.", "Captain Beefheart __knowledge__ Don Van Vliet (, born Don Glen Vliet; January 15, 1941 – December 17, 2010) was an American singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, and visual artist best known by the stage name Captain Beefheart.", "Captain Beefheart __knowledge__ His idiosyncratic music blended elements of blues, free jazz, rock, the avant-garde, and contemporary experimental composition with his surrealist wordplay and wide vocal range.", "Captain Beefheart __knowledge__ Beefheart was also known for often constructing myths about his life and for exercising an almost dictatorial control over his supporting musicians.", "Captain Beefheart __knowledge__ His musical work was conducted with a rotating ensemble called the Magic Band (1964–1982), with whom he recorded 13 studio albums.", "Jimi Hendrix __knowledge__ James Marshall \"Jimi\" Hendrix (born Johnny Allen Hendrix; November 27, 1942 – September 18, 1970) was an American rock guitarist, singer, and songwriter.", "Jimi Hendrix __knowledge__ Although his mainstream career spanned only four years, he is widely regarded as one of the most influential electric guitarists in the history of popular music, and one of the most celebrated musicians of the 20th century.", "Jimi Hendrix __knowledge__ The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame describes him as \"arguably the greatest instrumentalist in the history of rock music\".", "Jimi Hendrix __knowledge__ Born in Seattle, Washington, Hendrix began playing guitar at the age of 15.", "Jimi Hendrix __knowledge__ In 1961, he enlisted in the U.S. Army and trained as a paratrooper in the 101st Airborne Division; he was granted an honorable discharge the following year.", "Hound Dog (song) __knowledge__ \"Hound Dog\" is a twelve-bar blues song written by Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller.", "Hound Dog (song) __knowledge__ Recorded originally by Willie Mae \"Big Mama\" Thornton on August 13, 1952, in Los Angeles and released by Peacock Records in late February 1953, \"Hound Dog\" was Thornton's only hit record, selling over 500,000 copies, spending 14 weeks in the R&B charts, including seven weeks at number one.", "Hound Dog (song) __knowledge__ Thornton's recording of \"Hound Dog\" is listed as one of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's \"500 Songs That Shaped Rock and Roll\", and was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame in February 2013.", "Hound Dog (song) __knowledge__ \"Hound Dog\" has been recorded more than 250 times.", "A Perfect Circle __knowledge__ A Perfect Circle is an American rock supergroup formed in 1999 by guitarist Billy Howerdel and Tool vocalist Maynard James Keenan.", "A Perfect Circle __knowledge__ A Perfect Circle has released three albums: their debut \"Mer de Noms\" in 2000, a follow up, \"Thirteenth Step\" in 2003, and an album of radically re-worked cover songs titled \"Emotive\" in 2004.", "A Perfect Circle __knowledge__ Shortly after \"Emotive\"s release, the band went on hiatus; Keenan returned to Tool and started up solo work under the band name Puscifer; and Howerdel released a solo album, \"Keep Telling Myself It's Alright\", under the moniker Ashes Divide.", "A Perfect Circle __knowledge__ Band activity was sporadic in the coming years; the band reformed in 2010, and played live shows on and off between 2010 and 2013, but fell into inactivity after the release of their greatest hits album, \"Three Sixty\", and a live album box set, \"\" in late 2013.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ The Rolling Stones are an English rock band formed in London, England in 1962.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ The first stable line-up consisted of Brian Jones (guitar, harmonica), Mick Jagger (lead vocals), Keith Richards (guitar, backing vocals), Bill Wyman (bass), Charlie Watts (drums), and Ian Stewart (piano).", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ Stewart was removed from the official line-up in 1963 but continued as a touring member until his death in 1985.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ Jones left the band less than a month prior to his death in 1969, having already been replaced by Mick Taylor, who remained until 1974.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ After Taylor left the band, Ronnie Wood took his place in 1975 and has been on guitar in tandem with Richards ever since.", "List of minor The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy characters __knowledge__ The following is an alphabetical list of the minor characters in the various versions of \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", by Douglas Adams.", "List of minor The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy characters __knowledge__ The descriptions of the characters are accompanied by information on details about appearances and references to the characters.", "List of minor The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy characters __knowledge__ Major characters— Arthur Dent, Ford Prefect, Zaphod Beeblebrox, Marvin the Paranoid Android, Trillian, and Slartibartfast—are separately described.", "List of minor The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy characters __knowledge__ Lists are also available for places in \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", races and species in \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", technology in \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", phrases from \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", and cast lists for \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The Story So Far (band) __knowledge__ The Story So Far is an American pop punk band from Walnut Creek, California, formed in 2007.", "The Story So Far (band) __knowledge__ They are currently signed with Pure Noise Records and have released 3 studio albums to date.", "The Story So Far (band) __knowledge__ The Story So Far formed in Walnut Creek, California in 2007.", "The Story So Far (band) __knowledge__ Their name is taken from the New Found Glory song \"The Story So Far\".", "The Story So Far (band) __knowledge__ The band consisted of Parker Cannon on vocals, Kevin Geyer and Kevin Ambrose on guitar, Ryan Torf on drums, and Kelen Capener on bass.", "The Story So Far (band) __knowledge__ On December 22, the band released the \"5 Songs\" EP.", "The Story So Far (band) __knowledge__ Ambrose parted ways with the band when he went to college in 2010 and he was replaced by William Levy.", "The Story So Far (band) __knowledge__ In March 2010 it was announced the band had signed to Pure Noise.", "The Story So Far (band) __knowledge__ Two months later the band released an EP, \"While You Were Sleeping\" (2010).", "The Story So Far (band) __knowledge__ In November, the band released a split with Maker.", "The Story So Far (band) __knowledge__ Barrett Records released a split of The Story So Far and Morgan Foster in May 2011.", "The Story So Far (band) __knowledge__ Pure Noise released the band's debut album \"Under Soil and Dirt\" in June.", "The Story So Far (band) __knowledge__ On March 26, 2013, they released their second studio album, \"What You Don't See\", which debuted at number 46 on the \"Billboard\" 200 chart in the U.S.", "The Story So Far (band) __knowledge__ They have also released a split with Stick to Your Guns on June 18.", "The Story So Far (band) __knowledge__ This split contains one new original song, Clairvoyant, and one cover of Pinback's song \"Loro\".", "Design Manchester __knowledge__ Design Manchester is a not-for-profit organisation established to showcase design talent; support design skills, careers & enterprise; advance the contribution of design in the city and the regional economy; and promote the role of Manchester as a design city internationally.", "Design Manchester __knowledge__ It has a year-round programme of activities and events and organises Manchester’s annual citywide festival of design.", "Design Manchester __knowledge__ In 2013, graphic designers John Owens and Malcolm Garrett RDI and media publicist Fiona McGarva were asked by Professor David Crow, then the Dean of Manchester School of Art, to organise an event to mark the School’s 175th anniversary and the opening of the new Benzie Building designed by Feilden Clegg Bradley Studios.", "OK Go __knowledge__ OK Go is an American rock band originally from Chicago, Illinois, now based in Los Angeles, California.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band is composed of Damian Kulash (lead vocals, guitar), Tim Nordwind (bass guitar and vocals), Dan Konopka (drums and percussion) and Andy Ross (guitar, keyboards and vocals), who joined them in 2005, replacing Andy Duncan.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band is known for its often quirky and elaborate one-take music videos.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The original members formed as OK Go in 1998 and released two studio albums before Duncan's departure.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band's video for \"Here It Goes Again\" won a Grammy Award for Best Music Video in 2007.", "OK __knowledge__ \"OK\" (; spelling variations include \"okay\", \"O.K.", "OK __knowledge__ \", \"ok\") is an English word denoting approval, acceptance, agreement, assent, or acknowledgment.", "OK __knowledge__ \"OK\" is frequently used as a loanword in other languages.", "OK __knowledge__ It has been described as the most frequently spoken or written word on the planet.", "OK __knowledge__ As an adjective, \"OK\" principally means \"adequate\" or \"acceptable\" as a contrast to \"bad\" (\"The boss approved this, so it is OK to send out\"); it can also mean \"mediocre\" when used in contrast with \"good\" (\"The french fries were great, but the burger was just OK\").", "OK __knowledge__ It fulfills a similar role as an adverb (\"Wow, you did OK for your first time skiing!\").", "OK Computer __knowledge__ OK Computer is the third studio album by English alternative rock band Radiohead, released on 16 June 1997 on EMI subsidiaries Parlophone and Capitol Records.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ The members of Radiohead self-produced the album with Nigel Godrich, an arrangement they have used for their subsequent albums.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ Other than the song \"Lucky\", which was recorded in 1995, Radiohead recorded the album in Oxfordshire and Bath between 1996 and early 1997, mostly in the historic mansion St Catherine's Court.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ The band made a deliberate attempt to distance themselves from the guitar-oriented, lyrically introspective style of their previous album, \"The Bends\".", "Knock Madness __knowledge__ Knock Madness is the third studio album by American rapper Hopsin.", "Knock Madness __knowledge__ It was released on November 24, 2013, by Funk Volume and distributed by Empire Distribution.", "Knock Madness __knowledge__ Hopsin has said that the overall vibe of the album is different from his previous album \"Raw\" and that he has said all he needs to about .", "Knock Madness __knowledge__ The album contains guest appearances from rappers SwizZz, Dizzy Wright, Jarren Benton, and Tech N9ne, among others.", "Knock Madness __knowledge__ Like its predecessors, the album's production was entirely handled by Hopsin himself.", "Knock Madness __knowledge__ \"Knock Madness\" was supported by three singles, \"Old Friend\", \"Hop Is Back\", and \"Rip Your Heart Out\", the last of which features Tech N9ne.", "Recognition memory __knowledge__ Recognition memory, a subcategory of declarative memory, is the ability to recognize previously encountered events, objects, or people.", "Recognition memory __knowledge__ When the previously experienced event is reexperienced, this environmental content is matched to stored memory representations, eliciting matching signals.", "Recognition memory __knowledge__ Recognition memory can be subdivided into two component processes: recollection and familiarity, sometimes referred to as \"remembering\" and \"knowing\", respectively.", "Recognition memory __knowledge__ Recollection is the retrieval of details associated with the previously experienced event.", "Recognition memory __knowledge__ In contrast, familiarity is the feeling that the event was previously experienced, without recollection.", "Jang Bo-ri is Here! __knowledge__ Jang Bo-ri is Here!", "Jang Bo-ri is Here! __knowledge__ () is a 2014 South Korean weekend television drama series broadcast by MBC starring Oh Yeon-seo, Kim Ji-hoon, Lee Yoo-ri and Oh Chang-seok.", "Jang Bo-ri is Here! __knowledge__ It premiered on April 5, 2014, airing every Saturday and Sunday at 20:40 for 52 episodes.", "Jang Bo-ri is Here! __knowledge__ It won Drama of the Year at the 2014 MBC Drama Awards The events center around a renowned Hanbok-making house called Bi Sool Chae.", "Jang Bo-ri is Here! __knowledge__ The Master Artisan of Bi Sool Chae, Kim Soo-Mi, focuses on preserving the traditions of Hanbok-making, including hand-dyeing and hand-sewing each garment.", "Jang Bo-ri is Here! __knowledge__ The Master Artisan lives with her two married sons in her traditional Korean estate.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk rock (or \"punk\") is a rock music genre that developed in the mid-1970s in the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Rooted in 1960s garage rock and other forms of what is now known as \"proto-punk\" music, punk rock bands rejected perceived excesses of mainstream 1970s rock.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk bands typically produced short or fast-paced songs, with hard-edged melodies and singing styles, stripped-down instrumentation, and often political, anti-establishment lyrics.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk embraces a DIY ethic; many bands self-produce recordings and distribute them through independent record labels and other informal channels.", "Pop punk __knowledge__ Pop punk (also known as punk-pop) is a music genre that fuses elements of punk rock and pop music.", "Pop punk __knowledge__ It typically combines fast tempos, loud and distorted electric guitars, and power chord changes with pop-influenced melodies, vocal styles, and lyrical themes.", "Pop punk __knowledge__ Pop-influenced punk rock emerged in the mid-1970s with a music style that was stylistically similar to power pop.", "Pop punk __knowledge__ By the mid-1980s, several bands merged hardcore punk with pop music to create a new, faster pop punk sound such as Dag Nasty, the Nip Drivers, T.S.O.L., Social Distortion, and the Descendents.", "Pop punk __knowledge__ Pop punk in the United States began to grow in popularity locally in California in the mid-to-late 1980s.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ Serbian rock is the rock music scene of Serbia.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ During the 1960s, 1970s and the 1980s, while Serbia was a constituent republic of Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Serbian rock scene was a part of the SFR Yugoslav rock scene.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was not an Eastern Bloc country, but a member of the Non-Aligned Movement and as such, it was far more opened to the Western culture comparing to the other socialist countries.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ Rock and roll reached Yugoslavia via foreign radio stations, most notably Radio Luxemburg, and rock and roll records, brought in from the West.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ Rock and roll influences reached schlager singers, most notably Đorđe Marjanović, who released the first popular music solo album in Serbia, in 1959.", "2000s in music __knowledge__ This article includes an overview of the major events and trends in popular music in the 2000s.", "2000s in music __knowledge__ The 2000s saw the creation or emergence of a few styles, such as indie-related genres such as Emo, Alternative R&B, and a multitude of new electronic subgenres, most notably Dubstep, Bass music and Moombahton, as well as genres that fused influences from past decades, mostly the 80s, into creating new styles such as Nu-disco and Hypnagogic pop.", "2000s in music __knowledge__ In fact convergence of different styles was one of the more defining features of the decade, as seen with the creation and commercial success of the British Grime genre and Trap music and Chillwave in the United States.", "Emo __knowledge__ Emo is a rock music genre characterized by an emphasis on emotional expression, sometimes through confessional lyrics.", "Emo __knowledge__ It emerged as a style of from the hardcore punk movement in Washington, D.C., where it was known as emotional hardcore or emocore and pioneered by bands such as Rites of Spring and Embrace.", "Emo __knowledge__ In the early 1990s, emo was adopted and reinvented by alternative rock, indie rock and pop punk bands such as Sunny Day Real Estate, Jawbreaker, Weezer and Jimmy Eat World.", "Emo __knowledge__ By the bands such as Braid, the Promise Ring and the Get Up Kids emerged from the burgeoning Midwest emo scene, and several independent record labels began to specialize in the genre.", "Blink-182 __knowledge__ Blink-182 (often stylized as blink-182; pronounced \"blink one eighty two\") is an American rock band formed in Poway, California in 1992.", "Blink-182 __knowledge__ Since 2015, the lineup of the band has consisted of bassist and vocalist Mark Hoppus, drummer Travis Barker, and guitarist and vocalist Matt Skiba.", "Blink-182 __knowledge__ Founded by guitarist and vocalist Tom DeLonge, Hoppus and drummer Scott Raynor, the band emerged from the Southern California punk scene of the early 1990s and first gained notoriety for high-energy live shows and irreverent lyrical toilet humor.", "Blink-182 __knowledge__ Blink-182 was initially known as Blink until an Irish band of the same name threatened legal action; in response, the band appended the meaningless number \"-182\".", "Fall Out Boy __knowledge__ Fall Out Boy is an American rock band formed in Wilmette, Illinois, a suburb of Chicago, in 2001.", "Fall Out Boy __knowledge__ The band consists of lead vocalist and rhythm guitarist Patrick Stump, bassist Pete Wentz, lead guitarist Joe Trohman, and drummer Andy Hurley.", "Fall Out Boy __knowledge__ The band originated from Chicago's hardcore punk scene, with which all members were involved at one point.", "Fall Out Boy __knowledge__ The group was formed by Wentz and Trohman as a pop punk side project of the members' respective hardcore bands, and Stump joined shortly thereafter.", "Fall Out Boy __knowledge__ The group went through a succession of drummers before landing Hurley and recording the group's debut album, \"Take This to Your Grave\" (2003)." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Ever heard the band The Story so Far?", "The Story so Far is a pop punk band formed in the last decade or so.", "They are American, they formed in California in 2007." ]

[ "The Story So Far (band)", "The Story So Far (band)", "The Story So Far (band)" ]

[ "Ford Motor Company\nI love a good truck! My favorite brand is Ford", "Do you know alot about the history of the company?", "That is actually super interesting! When did Henry Ford start this company?", "Thats cool! Do you know where he started the company at?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ The Ford Motor Company (commonly referred to simply as \"Ford\") is an American multinational automaker headquartered in Dearborn, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ It was founded by Henry Ford and incorporated on June 16, 1903.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ The company sells automobiles and commercial vehicles under the Ford brand and most luxury cars under the Lincoln brand.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford also owns Brazilian SUV manufacturer, Troller, and Australian performance car manufacturer FPV.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ In the past, it has also produced tractors and automotive components.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford owns an 8% stake in Aston Martin of the United Kingdom, and a 49% stake in Jiangling of China.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ It also has a number of joint-ventures, one in China (Changan Ford), one in Taiwan (Ford Lio Ho), one in Thailand (AutoAlliance Thailand), one in Turkey (Ford Otosan), and one in Russia (Ford Sollers).", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ It is listed on the New York Stock Exchange and is controlled by the Ford family, although they have minority ownership (but majority of the voting power).", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford introduced methods for large-scale manufacturing of cars and large-scale management of an industrial workforce using elaborately engineered manufacturing sequences typified by moving assembly lines; by 1914, these methods were known around the world as Fordism.", "Roush Fenway Racing __knowledge__ Roush Fenway Racing, originally Roush Racing, is an American professional stock car racing team that currently competes in the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series, and the Xfinity Series.", "Roush Fenway Racing __knowledge__ Once one of NASCAR's largest premier racing teams, Roush runs teams in the Monster Energy Cup Series, Xfinity Series, and formerly in the Camping World Truck Series and ARCA Racing Series.", "Roush Fenway Racing __knowledge__ In the NASCAR Cup Series, the team fields the No.", "Roush Fenway Racing __knowledge__ 6 Ford Fusion full-time for Trevor Bayne, and the No.", "Roush Fenway Racing __knowledge__ 17 Fusion full-time for Ricky Stenhouse Jr.", "Roush Fenway Racing __knowledge__ In the Xfinity Series, the team currently fields the No.", "Roush Fenway Racing __knowledge__ 16 Ford Mustang full-time for Ryan Reed, and the No.", "Mercury (automobile) __knowledge__ Mercury is a defunct division of the American automobile manufacturer Ford Motor Company.", "Mercury (automobile) __knowledge__ Marketed as an entry-level premium brand for nearly its entire existence, Mercury was created in 1938 by Edsel Ford.", "Mercury (automobile) __knowledge__ Forming half of the Lincoln-Mercury Division, the brand was intended to bridge the price gap between the Ford and Lincoln vehicle lines.", "Mercury (automobile) __knowledge__ In a similar context, Buick and Oldsmobile played the same role within General Motors while the Chrysler Division did so within Chrysler Corporation (following the end of DeSoto and the creation of Imperial).", "Mercury (automobile) __knowledge__ Although the initial Mercury Eight was a distinct design, for much of the existence of the division, Ford would rely on common underpinnings (from Ford or Lincoln, or both) to save on development costs.", "Ford Ranger (North America) __knowledge__ The Ford Ranger is a compact pickup truck that was manufactured and marketed by Ford Motor Company from 1983 to 2012 model years for North America; from 1997 to 2011, a version was also manufactured and sold in South America.", "Ford Ranger (North America) __knowledge__ Introduced to replace the Ford Courier produced in Japan by Mazda, the Ranger was produced in two distinct generations.", "Ford Ranger (North America) __knowledge__ While introduced a year after the Chevrolet S-10, the Ranger would go on to become the best-selling compact truck in the United States from 1987 to 2004.", "Ford Ranger (North America) __knowledge__ Over its production life, the chassis and underpinnings of the Ranger would be used for various compact Ford trucks, most commonly as sport-utility vehicles.", "Navistar International __knowledge__ Navistar International Corporation (formerly International Harvester Company) is an American holding company, that owns the manufacturer of International brand commercial trucks, IC Bus school and commercial buses, Workhorse brand chassis for motor homes and step vans, and is a private label designer and manufacturer of diesel engines for the pickup truck, van, and SUV markets.", "Navistar International __knowledge__ The company is also a provider of truck and diesel engine parts and service.", "Navistar International __knowledge__ Headquartered in Lisle, Illinois, Navistar has 16,500 employees and a 2013 annual revenue of $10.775 billion.", "Navistar International __knowledge__ The company's products, parts, and services are sold through a network of nearly 1,000 dealer outlets in the United States, Canada, Brazil, and Mexico and more than 60 dealers in 90 countries throughout the world.", "John Ford __knowledge__ John Ford (February 1, 1894 – August 31, 1973) was an American film director.", "John Ford __knowledge__ He is renowned both for Westerns such as \"Stagecoach\" (1939), \"The Searchers\" (1956), and \"The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance\" (1962), as well as adaptations of classic 20th-century American novels such as the film \"The Grapes of Wrath\" (1940).", "John Ford __knowledge__ His four Academy Awards for Best Director (in 1935, 1940, 1941, and 1952) remain a record.", "John Ford __knowledge__ One of the films for which he won the award, \"How Green Was My Valley\", also won Best Picture.", "John Ford __knowledge__ In a career that spanned more than 50 years, Ford directed more than 140 films (although most of his silent films are now lost) and he is widely regarded as one of the most important and influential filmmakers of his generation.", "Loyalty program __knowledge__ Loyalty programs are structured marketing strategies designed by merchants to encourage customers to continue to shop at or use the services of businesses associated with each program.", "Loyalty program __knowledge__ These programs exist covering most types of commerce, each one having varying features and rewards-schemes.", "Loyalty program __knowledge__ In marketing generally and in retailing more specifically, a loyalty card, rewards card, points card, advantage card, or club card is a plastic or paper card, visually similar to a credit card, debit card, or digital card that identifies the card holder as a participant in a loyalty program.", "Loyalty program __knowledge__ Loyalty cards (both physical and digital) relate to the loyalty business-model." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ The Ford Motor Company (commonly referred to simply as \"Ford\") is an American multinational automaker headquartered in Dearborn, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ It was founded by Henry Ford and incorporated on June 16, 1903.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ The company sells automobiles and commercial vehicles under the Ford brand and most luxury cars under the Lincoln brand.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford also owns Brazilian SUV manufacturer, Troller, and Australian performance car manufacturer FPV.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ In the past, it has also produced tractors and automotive components.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford owns an 8% stake in Aston Martin of the United Kingdom, and a 49% stake in Jiangling of China.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ It also has a number of joint-ventures, one in China (Changan Ford), one in Taiwan (Ford Lio Ho), one in Thailand (AutoAlliance Thailand), one in Turkey (Ford Otosan), and one in Russia (Ford Sollers).", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ It is listed on the New York Stock Exchange and is controlled by the Ford family, although they have minority ownership (but majority of the voting power).", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford introduced methods for large-scale manufacturing of cars and large-scale management of an industrial workforce using elaborately engineered manufacturing sequences typified by moving assembly lines; by 1914, these methods were known around the world as Fordism.", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ Ma'alot-Tarshiha (; , \"Maʻālūt Taršīḥā\") is a mixed city in the North District in Israel, some east of Nahariya, about above sea level.", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ The city was established in 1963 through a municipal merger of the Arab town of Tarshiha and the Jewish town of Ma'alot.", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ In the city has a population of .", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ Excavations of a 4th-century burial cave in the village unearthed a cross and a piece of glass engraved with a menorah.", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ Crusader sources from the 12th and 13th century refer to Tarshiha as \"Terschia,\" \"Torsia\" and \"Tersigha.\"", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ The King had initiated the settlement of Crusader (\"Latin\", \"Frankish\") people in nearby Mi'ilya (\"Castellum Regis\"), and from there settlement spread out to Tarshiha.", "Alot __knowledge__ Alot () is a town and nagar panchayat in the Ratlam district of Madhya Pradesh, India.", "Alot __knowledge__ Alot is located at .", "Alot __knowledge__ Alot has a population of 40,948.", "Alot __knowledge__ Alot is a tehsil place and a small town; it is a tahsil of Ratlam district and the hometown to Jangalwa Dynasty.", "Alot __knowledge__ It is on the route of the Delhi–Bombay railway track.", "Alot __knowledge__ Through trade routes Jewellers and Businessman established themselves in the town before the 17th century and flourished businesses in ginning and jewellery.", "Alot __knowledge__ A glimpse of the business lifestyle during that era can still be found in the historical town.", "Alot __knowledge__ Alot is a main station for Jain ; many Jain people go there daily for the darshan of Lord Jain Swetamber.", "Ma'alot Dafna __knowledge__ Ma'alot Dafna () is an Israeli settlement and neighborhood in Jerusalem that sits partly in East Jerusalem and in a territory that was no man's land before the Six Day war.", "Ma'alot Dafna __knowledge__ It borders the neighborhood of Shmuel HaNavi to the west, Ammunition Hill to the east, Ramat Eshkol to the north and Arzei HaBira to the south.", "Ma'alot Dafna __knowledge__ The international community considers Israeli settlements in East Jerusalem illegal under international law, but the Israeli government disputes this.", "Ma'alot Dafna __knowledge__ Ma'alot Dafna was established in 1972 on the hillside through which Israeli troops in the Six Day War made their way from the Israeli neighborhood of Shmuel HaNavi to fight the Arab Legion troops at the Battle of Ammunition Hill.", "Ma'alot massacre __knowledge__ The Ma'alot massacre was a Palestinian terrorist attack that occurred in May 1974 and involved a two-day hostage-taking of 115 Israeli people which ended in the murders of over 25 hostages.", "Ma'alot massacre __knowledge__ It began when three armed members of the Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine (DFLP) entered Israel from Lebanon.", "Ma'alot massacre __knowledge__ Soon afterwards they attacked a van, killing two Israeli Arab women while injuring a third and entered an apartment building in the town of Ma'alot, where they killed a couple and their four-year-old son.", "Ma'alot massacre __knowledge__ From there, they headed for the Netiv Meir Elementary School, where they took more than 115 people (including 105 children) hostage on 15 May 1974, in Ma'alot.", "Music from Another Dimension! __knowledge__ Music from Another Dimension!", "Music from Another Dimension! __knowledge__ is the fifteenth studio album by American rock band Aerosmith, released on November 6, 2012 by Columbia Records.", "Music from Another Dimension! __knowledge__ This is their first studio album since 2004's \"Honkin' on Bobo\" and the first to feature all-new material since 2001's \"Just Push Play\", marking the longest gap between Aerosmith's studio albums.", "Music from Another Dimension! __knowledge__ The album was released in a single CD edition, along with a deluxe version.", "Music from Another Dimension! __knowledge__ It is the last album in Aerosmith's current recording contract with Sony/Columbia Records and was produced by Jack Douglas, Steven Tyler, Joe Perry and Marti Frederiksen (three tracks).", "Music from Another Dimension! __knowledge__ The album includes the singles, \"Legendary Child\", \"Lover Alot\", \"What Could Have Been Love\", and \"Can't Stop Lovin' You\".", "Maccabi Sektzia Ma'alot-Tarshiha F.C. __knowledge__ Maccabi Sektzia Ma'alot-Tarshiha () is an Israeli football club based in Ma'alot-Tarshiha.", "Maccabi Sektzia Ma'alot-Tarshiha F.C. __knowledge__ They are currently in Liga Alef North division.", "Maccabi Sektzia Ma'alot-Tarshiha F.C. __knowledge__ The club played mostly in the lower divisions of Israeli football.", "Maccabi Sektzia Ma'alot-Tarshiha F.C. __knowledge__ in the 2004–05 season, they were promoted for the first time in their history to Liga Alef, after they won Liga Bet North A division.", "Maccabi Sektzia Ma'alot-Tarshiha F.C. __knowledge__ they finished their debut season in Liga Alef North in the 6th place, however, they were relegated back to Liga Bet in the following season, after they finished bottom in Liga Alef North.", "Maccabi Sektzia Ma'alot-Tarshiha F.C. __knowledge__ in the 2010–11 season the club won Liga Bet North A division for the second time, and returned to Liga Alef.", "Monfort Ma'alot __knowledge__ Monfort Ma'alot is an Israeli ice hockey team in the city of Ma'alot.", "Monfort Ma'alot __knowledge__ The team plays in the Israeli League, the top level of ice hockey in the country.", "Monfort Ma'alot __knowledge__ The club was founded in 1999, and won the Israeli League for the first time a year later.", "Monfort Ma'alot __knowledge__ The club won back-to-back titles in 2002 and 2003, and won their fourth Israeli Championship in 2010.", "Monfort Ma'alot __knowledge__ Ma'alot took part in the IIHF Continental Cup in the 2001, 2003, and 2004 seasons.", "Monfort Ma'alot __knowledge__ In 2001, they were paired with KHK Crvena Zvezda, HC Levski Sofia, and Istanbul Paten Kulübü, and finished with one win and two losses.", "Monfort Ma'alot __knowledge__ In the 2003 season, they lost all three games.", "Va'etchanan __knowledge__ Va'etchanan ( — Hebrew for \"and I pleaded,\" the first word in the parashah) is the 45th weekly Torah portion (, \"parashah\") in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the second in the Book of Deuteronomy.", "Va'etchanan __knowledge__ It constitutes .", "Va'etchanan __knowledge__ The parashah tells how Moses asked to see the Land of Israel, made arguments to obey the law, recounted setting up the Cities of Refuge, recited the Ten Commandments and the \"Shema\", and gave instructions for the Israelites' conquest of the Land.", "Va'etchanan __knowledge__ The parashah is made up of 7,343 Hebrew letters, 1,878 Hebrew words, 122 verses, and can occupy about 249 lines in a Torah Scroll (, \"Sefer Torah\").", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ Hi-5 are an Australian children's musical group formed in 1998, who are associated with the children's television series of the same name.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ As of December 2016, the members are Lachie Dearing, Courtney Clarke, Shay Clifford, Joe Kalou and Bailey Spalding.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The group is aimed at preschoolers, composed of five performers who entertain and educate children through music, movement and play.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ \"Hi-5\" was created by Helena Harris and Posie Graeme-Evans, initially a television series for the Nine Network, which premiered in 1999.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The cast of the show became a recognised musical group for children.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The original members were Kellie Crawford, Kathleen de Leon Jones, Nathan Foley, Tim Harding and Charli Robinson.", "Eileen Ford __knowledge__ Eileen Ford (née Ottensoser; March 25, 1922 – July 9, 2014) was an American model agency executive and co-founder, in 1946, with her husband, Gerard \"Jerry\" Ford, of Ford Models, one of the earliest and internationally best known modelling agencies in the world.", "Eileen Ford __knowledge__ Eileen Cecile Ottensoser was born in Manhattan and raised in suburban Great Neck, Long Island, the only daughter of four children of Loretta Marie (née Laine) and Nathaniel Ottensoser.", "Eileen Ford __knowledge__ Eileen had been a model during the summers of her freshman and sophomore years at Barnard College, modeling for the Harry Conover Modeling Agency, one of the first in the United States.", "Institutional racism __knowledge__ Institutional racism (also known as institutionalized racism) is a form of racism expressed in the practice of social and political institutions.", "Institutional racism __knowledge__ Institutional racism is also racism by individuals or informal social groups, governed by behavioral norms that support racist thinking and foment active racism.", "Institutional racism __knowledge__ It is reflected in disparities regarding wealth, income, criminal justice, employment, housing, health care, political power and education, among other things.", "Institutional racism __knowledge__ Whether implicitly or explicitly expressed, institutional racism occurs when a certain group is targeted and discriminated against based upon race.", "The Four Fords __knowledge__ The Four Fords were a popular group of tap dancers in the early 1900s.", "The Four Fords __knowledge__ The group was made up of four siblings, Max Ford, Edwin Ford, Dora Ford and Mabel Ford.", "The Four Fords __knowledge__ They also had another brother named Jonny Ford, he was a dancer as well but never toured with his siblings (Watson).", "The Four Fords __knowledge__ When the fords were children, they were taught to dance very early in their life (Mable Ford).", "The Four Fords __knowledge__ They learned many different types of dancing.", "The Four Fords __knowledge__ Their brother Jonny Ford toured as a ballroom dancer (Watson).", "The Four Fords __knowledge__ The Four Ford became popular around 1910.", "The Four Fords __knowledge__ In 1913 The Four Fords broke up, but Mable and Dora kept touring as the Ford Sisters.", "Christchurch Transport Board __knowledge__ The Christchurch Transport Board was an autonomous special-purpose municipal authority responsible for the construction, acquisition, and ownership of local transport assets and the operation of public transport services in the Christchurch region of New Zealand’s South Island.", "Christchurch Transport Board __knowledge__ Constituted as the Christchurch Tramway Board in 1902, it operated trams and buses to Christchurch's outer suburbs and satellite towns for years until being disestablished in 1989 by local government reforms.", "Christchurch Transport Board __knowledge__ The Board assumed control of the existing network of privately run tramways and converted these to electric operation whilst also extending the network.", "Full-size Ford __knowledge__ Full-size Ford is the popular term for a long-running line of Ford vehicles which have been produced in North America with a large degree of similarity since the Model T in 1908, up to the Crown Victoria, which ceased production in late 2011.", "Full-size Ford __knowledge__ The term full-size does not necessarily indicate it was large relative to its competitors, but that it was the largest and most complete model offered by Ford.", "Full-size Ford __knowledge__ The Model T's 134-inch overall length makes it substantially shorter than a current-generation Fiesta hatchback (160.1\" OAL).", "Full-size Ford __knowledge__ American automobiles in the early years were usually only identified by make and year (such as a 1952 Ford)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ The Ford Motor Company (commonly referred to simply as \"Ford\") is an American multinational automaker headquartered in Dearborn, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ It was founded by Henry Ford and incorporated on June 16, 1903.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ The company sells automobiles and commercial vehicles under the Ford brand and most luxury cars under the Lincoln brand.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford also owns Brazilian SUV manufacturer, Troller, and Australian performance car manufacturer FPV.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ In the past, it has also produced tractors and automotive components.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford owns an 8% stake in Aston Martin of the United Kingdom, and a 49% stake in Jiangling of China.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ It also has a number of joint-ventures, one in China (Changan Ford), one in Taiwan (Ford Lio Ho), one in Thailand (AutoAlliance Thailand), one in Turkey (Ford Otosan), and one in Russia (Ford Sollers).", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ It is listed on the New York Stock Exchange and is controlled by the Ford family, although they have minority ownership (but majority of the voting power).", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford introduced methods for large-scale manufacturing of cars and large-scale management of an industrial workforce using elaborately engineered manufacturing sequences typified by moving assembly lines; by 1914, these methods were known around the world as Fordism.", "Visayah __knowledge__ Viśayah primarily means – 'the sphere of influence or activity', and also refers to – 'dominion', 'kingdom', 'territory', 'country', 'abode', 'lands' etc., but in Hindu philosophy, it has been used to indicate 'the subject matter', 'the sense-objects', 'the subject of interpretation', 'the area or range of words' or 'the field of experience'.", "Visayah __knowledge__ According to the Mimamsakas a complete \"adhikarana\" (अधिकरणम्) i.e.", "Visayah __knowledge__ main, relation or connection, consists of \"viśayah\" (विषयः) - the subject or the matter to be explained, \"viśeya\" (विशय) or \"sanśeya\" (संशय) - the doubt or the question arising upon that matter, \"pūrvapakśa\" (पूर्वपक्ष) – the prima facie argument concerning it, \"uttarpakśa\" (उत्तर्पक्ष) or \"siddhanta\" (सिद्धान्त) – the answer or the demonstrated conclusion, and \"sangati\" (संगति) – pertinency or relevancy or the final conclusion.", "Henry Ford Hospital __knowledge__ Henry Ford Hospital (HFH) is an 877-bed tertiary care hospital, education and research complex at the western edge of the New Center area in Detroit, Michigan.", "Henry Ford Hospital __knowledge__ The flagship facility for the Henry Ford Health System, it is one of the first hospitals in the United States to use a standard fee schedule and favor private or semi-private rooms over large wards.", "Henry Ford Hospital __knowledge__ It also is the first hospital in the country to form a closed, salaried medical staff.", "Henry Ford Hospital __knowledge__ As founder Henry Ford viewed tobacco as being unhealthy, the hospital was one of the first hospitals in the United States to institute a total ban on smoking.", "Fordson __knowledge__ Fordson was a brand name of tractors and trucks.", "Fordson __knowledge__ It was used on a range of mass-produced general-purpose tractors manufactured by Henry Ford & Son Inc from 1917 to 1920, by Ford Motor Company (U.S.) and Ford Motor Company Ltd (U.K.) from 1920 to 1928, and by Ford Motor Company Ltd (U.K.) from 1929 to 1964.", "Fordson __knowledge__ They later also built trucks under the Fordson brand.", "Fordson __knowledge__ American engineer, inventor, and businessman Henry Ford built experimental tractors from automobile components during the early 20th century, and launched a prototype known as the Model B in August 1915.", "Fordson __knowledge__ Further prototypes, with a dedicated tractor design, followed in 1916.", "History of Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford Motor Company is an American automaker and the world's fifth largest automaker based on worldwide vehicle sales.", "History of Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Based in Dearborn, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit, the automaker was founded by Henry Ford, on June 16, 1903.", "History of Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford Motor Company would go on to become one of the largest and most profitable companies in the world, as well as being one of the few to survive the Great Depression.", "History of Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ The largest family-controlled company in the world, the Ford Motor Company has been in continuous family control for over 110 years.", "History of Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford now encompasses two brands: Ford and Lincoln.", "History of Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford once owned 5 other luxury brands: Volvo, Land Rover, Jaguar, Aston Martin and Mercury.", "Henry Ford __knowledge__ Henry Ford (July 30, 1863 – April 7, 1947) was an American captain of industry and a business magnate, the founder of the Ford Motor Company, and the sponsor of the development of the assembly line technique of mass production.", "Henry Ford __knowledge__ Although Ford did not invent the automobile or the assembly line, he developed and manufactured the first automobile that many middle-class Americans could afford.", "Henry Ford __knowledge__ In doing so, Ford converted the automobile from an expensive curiosity into a practical conveyance that would profoundly impact the landscape of the 20th century.", "Henry Ford __knowledge__ His introduction of the Model T automobile revolutionized transportation and American industry.", "Village industries __knowledge__ Henry Ford's Village Industries were small factories located in rural areas of Michigan.", "Village industries __knowledge__ Ford developed his Village Industries in part to provide farm workers a stable source of income during the winter months.", "Village industries __knowledge__ Ford strongly felt that there were many positive aspects to rural life.", "Village industries __knowledge__ At the same time, he recognized that the promise of high wages was encouraging young people to discard the agrarian life of their parents and move to the cities.", "Village industries __knowledge__ The spreading of industrialization (due in part, Ford knew, to his very own factory system) was making farming less attractive and giving farmers less to do in the winter.", "List of Cars characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the Pixar franchise \"Cars\", as well as the Disney franchise \"Planes\", which is set in the same fictional universe: Lightning McQueen, often referred to as \"McQueen\", is the main character in \"Cars\" and \"Cars 3\".", "List of Cars characters __knowledge__ He is voiced by Owen Wilson.", "List of Cars characters __knowledge__ McQueen is not modeled directly after a specific make and model, although his design contains some elements inspired by the Chevrolet Corvette C6.", "List of Cars characters __knowledge__ His Corvette lineage is further suggested by the \"retro\" paint scheme he acquires in Radiator Springs, which resembles that of a Corvette C1.", "List of Cars characters __knowledge__ Mack (voiced by John Ratzenberger) is a 1985 Mack Super-Liner bearing license plate \"RUSTEZ3\".", "1973 oil crisis __knowledge__ The 1973 oil crisis began in October 1973 when the members of the Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries proclaimed an oil embargo.", "1973 oil crisis __knowledge__ The embargo was targeted at nations perceived as supporting Israel during the Yom Kippur War.", "1973 oil crisis __knowledge__ The initial nations targeted were Canada, Japan, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom and the United States with the embargo also later extended to Portugal, Rhodesia and South Africa.", "1973 oil crisis __knowledge__ By the end of the embargo in March 1974, the price of oil had risen from US$3 per barrel to nearly $12 globally; US prices were significantly higher.", "1973 oil crisis __knowledge__ The embargo caused an oil crisis, or \"shock\", with many short- and long-term effects on global politics and the global economy.", "Economy car __knowledge__ An economy car is an automobile that is designed for low-cost purchase and operation.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Typical economy cars are small (compact or subcompact), lightweight, and inexpensive to buy.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Economy car designers are forced by stringent design constraints to be inventive.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Many innovations in automobile design were originally developed for economy cars, such as the Ford Model T and the Austin Mini.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Gordon Murray, the Formula 1 and Mclaren F1 designer, said when designing his new Murray T.25 city car: \"I would say that building a car to sell for six thousand pounds and designing that for a high-volume production, where you have all the quality issues under control, is a hundred times more difficult than designing a Mclaren F1, or even a racing car.", "Political positions of Mitt Romney __knowledge__ The political positions of Mitt Romney have been recorded from his 1994 U.S. senatorial campaign, the 2002 gubernatorial election, during his 2003–2007 governorship, during his 2008 U.S. presidential campaign, in his 2010 book \"\", and during his 2012 U.S. presidential campaign.", "Political positions of Mitt Romney __knowledge__ Some of these political positions have changed, while others have remained unchanged.", "Political positions of Mitt Romney __knowledge__ In his 1994 Senate campaign, Romney called for the \"virtual elimination\" of the federal Department of Agriculture and for reductions in farm subsidies.", "Political positions of Mitt Romney __knowledge__ In 2007, when questioned about these views, a Romney for President Iowa campaign spokesman responded: \"Governor Romney believes that investing in agriculture is key to our economy and families.\"", "Oil sands __knowledge__ Oil sands, also known as tar sands or crude bitumen, or more technically bituminous sands, are a type of unconventional petroleum deposit.", "Oil sands __knowledge__ Oil sands are either loose sands or partially consolidated sandstone containing a naturally occurring mixture of sand, clay, and water, saturated with a dense and extremely viscous form of petroleum technically referred to as bitumen (or colloquially as tar due to its superficially similar appearance).", "Oil sands __knowledge__ Natural bitumen deposits are reported in many countries, but in particular are found in extremely large quantities in Canada.", "Oil sands __knowledge__ Other large reserves are located in Kazakhstan, Russia, and Venezuela." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ The Ford Motor Company (commonly referred to simply as \"Ford\") is an American multinational automaker headquartered in Dearborn, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ It was founded by Henry Ford and incorporated on June 16, 1903.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ The company sells automobiles and commercial vehicles under the Ford brand and most luxury cars under the Lincoln brand.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford also owns Brazilian SUV manufacturer, Troller, and Australian performance car manufacturer FPV.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ In the past, it has also produced tractors and automotive components.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford owns an 8% stake in Aston Martin of the United Kingdom, and a 49% stake in Jiangling of China.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ It also has a number of joint-ventures, one in China (Changan Ford), one in Taiwan (Ford Lio Ho), one in Thailand (AutoAlliance Thailand), one in Turkey (Ford Otosan), and one in Russia (Ford Sollers).", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ It is listed on the New York Stock Exchange and is controlled by the Ford family, although they have minority ownership (but majority of the voting power).", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford introduced methods for large-scale manufacturing of cars and large-scale management of an industrial workforce using elaborately engineered manufacturing sequences typified by moving assembly lines; by 1914, these methods were known around the world as Fordism.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha Lee is a fictional character in the BBC soap opera \"Doctors\", played by Laura Rollins.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha was introduced as a Practice Nurse at The Mill by Peter Eryl Lloyd.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ She made her first appearance on Tuesday 30 September 2014.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Since her arrival in the show Ayesha has faced storylines including an on off relationship with Sid Vere, having a troubled relationship with Tyler Green, dealing with her mother Bren's alcohol and later drug addiction, being attacked by Ike and supporting Valerie Pittman through her Cancer scare.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha first arrives at \"The Mill\" as a replacement for Mandy Marquez, she is almost immediately attracted to new doctor Sid Vere.", "The Runners __knowledge__ The Runners are an American electronic and hip hop production duo from Orlando, Florida, consisting of Andrew \"Dru Brett\" Harr and Jermaine \"Mayne Zayne\" Jackson.", "The Runners __knowledge__ They came together to form the team in 2000, but they have known each other since they were in kindergarten.", "The Runners __knowledge__ They both have been influenced their entire lives by producers Timbaland and The Neptunes.", "The Runners __knowledge__ Their trademark is an exhale sound effect ringing \"Ahhh\" at the beginning of their songs.", "The Runners __knowledge__ They are best known for producing the hit singles \"Go Hard\" and \"Hustlin'\", by rappers DJ Khaled and Rick Ross respectively.", "The Runners __knowledge__ They have produced songs for artists like Keyshia Cole Kevin Cossom Ace Hood, Chris Brown, Fat Joe, Juelz Santana, Nelly, Trip Lee, Jim Jones, Lil Wayne, Justin Bieber, Fabolous and Usher.", "Torment (comics) __knowledge__ \"Torment\" is a story arc written by Todd McFarlane, which encompassed the first five issues of the new ongoing \"\" comic book.", "Torment (comics) __knowledge__ It was published in 1990 by Marvel Comics.", "Torment (comics) __knowledge__ The comic was a record-breaking sales success and helped start the next stage of development in the Modern Age of Comic Books, which would lead to the formation of Image Comics and the rise of the speculator market.", "Torment (comics) __knowledge__ The Lizard is going on a murdering spree before Spider-Man tries to stop him.", "Torment (comics) __knowledge__ The Lizard poisons Spider-Man and throws him off of a building.", "Torment (comics) __knowledge__ It is later revealed that Calypso is hypnotizing the Lizard to do her bidding.", "Shaq–Kobe feud __knowledge__ The \"Shaq–Kobe feud\" (or \"Kobe–Shaq feud\") was the conflict between National Basketball Association (NBA) players Shaquille O'Neal and Kobe Bryant, who played together on the Los Angeles Lakers team from 1996 to 2004.", "Shaq–Kobe feud __knowledge__ The two were able to win three consecutive NBA Championships (2000, 2001, 2002) and make an NBA Finals appearance in 2004.", "Shaq–Kobe feud __knowledge__ O'Neal was the NBA Finals MVP in each of their victories.", "Shaq–Kobe feud __knowledge__ Personal differences and arguments over their respective roles on the Lakers were followed by a trade that sent O'Neal to the Miami Heat while Bryant was re-signed as a free agent by the Lakers.", "Shaq–Kobe feud __knowledge__ Lakers head coach Phil Jackson would later write a book entitled \"\", reflecting on the troubles Bryant and O'Neal had during their last season together.", "Dom Kennedy __knowledge__ Dominic Ross Hunn (born August 22, 1984), better known by his stage name Dom Kennedy, is an American rapper from Leimert Park, Los Angeles, California.", "Dom Kennedy __knowledge__ Since 2008, Kennedy has released 5 independent mixtapes, most notably his 2010 \"critically acclaimed mixtape\" \"From the Westside with Love\".", "Dom Kennedy __knowledge__ His first commercial studio album \"From the Westside with Love II\" was released on iTunes June 28, 2011.", "Dom Kennedy __knowledge__ Despite it being his iTunes debut, FTWSWL2 received \"a top 10 spot on Hip Hop/Rap albums chart during its release week\" and was Kennedy's first album associated with The OpM Company, Kennedy's self-established record label.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ Coolness is an aesthetic of attitude, behavior, comportment, appearance and style which is generally admired.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ Because of the varied and changing connotations of cool, as well as its subjective nature, the word has no single meaning.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ It has associations of composure and self-control (cf.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ the OED definition) and often is used as an expression of admiration or approval.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ Although commonly regarded as slang, it is widely used among disparate social groups and has endured in usage for generations.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ There is no single concept of cool.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ One of the essential characteristics of cool is its mutability—what is considered cool changes over time and varies among cultures and generations.", "LL Cool J __knowledge__ James Todd Smith (born January 14, 1968), better known by his stage name LL Cool J (short for Ladies Love Cool James), is an American rapper, actor, author and entrepreneur from Queens, New York.", "LL Cool J __knowledge__ He is known for such hip hop hits as \"Going Back to Cali\", \"I'm Bad\", \"The Boomin' System\", \"Rock The Bells\" and \"Mama Said Knock You Out\", as well as romantic ballads such as \"Doin' It\", \"I Need Love\", \"Around the Way Girl\" and \"Hey Lover\".", "LL Cool J __knowledge__ LL Cool J has released 13 studio albums and two greatest hits compilations.", "LL Cool J __knowledge__ His twelfth album \"Exit 13\" (2008), was his last for his long-tenured deal with Def Jam Recordings.", "Second Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The Second Industrial Revolution, also known as the Technological Revolution, was a phase of rapid industrialization in the final third of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th.", "Second Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The First Industrial Revolution, which ended in the early to mid 1800s, was punctuated by a slowdown in macroinventions before the Second Industrial Revolution in 1870.", "Second Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ Though a number of its characteristic events can be traced to earlier innovations in manufacturing, such as the establishment of a machine tool industry, the development of methods for manufacturing interchangeable parts and the invention of the Bessemer Process to produce steel, the Second Industrial Revolution is generally dated between 1870 and 1914 up to the start of World War I. Advancements in manufacturing and production technology enabled the widespread adoption of preexisting technological systems such as telegraph and railroad networks, gas and water supply, and sewage systems, which had earlier been concentrated to a few select cities.", "Henry Ford __knowledge__ Henry Ford (July 30, 1863 – April 7, 1947) was an American captain of industry and a business magnate, the founder of the Ford Motor Company, and the sponsor of the development of the assembly line technique of mass production.", "Henry Ford __knowledge__ Although Ford did not invent the automobile or the assembly line, he developed and manufactured the first automobile that many middle-class Americans could afford.", "Henry Ford __knowledge__ In doing so, Ford converted the automobile from an expensive curiosity into a practical conveyance that would profoundly impact the landscape of the 20th century.", "Henry Ford __knowledge__ His introduction of the Model T automobile revolutionized transportation and American industry.", "Productivity improving technologies __knowledge__ This article is about the important technologies that have historically increased productivity.", "Productivity improving technologies __knowledge__ Productivity in general is a ratio of output to input in the production of goods and services.", "Productivity improving technologies __knowledge__ Productivity is increased by lowering the amount of labor, capital, energy or materials that go into producing any given amount of economic goods and services.", "Productivity improving technologies __knowledge__ Increases in productivity are largely responsible for the increase in per capita living standards.", "Productivity improving technologies __knowledge__ Productivity improving technologies date back to antiquity, with rather slow progress until the late Middle Ages.", "Productivity improving technologies __knowledge__ Important examples of early to medieval European technology include the water wheel, the horse collar, the spinning wheel, the three-field system (after 1500 the four-field system—see Crop rotation) and the blast furnace.", "History of Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford Motor Company is an American automaker and the world's fifth largest automaker based on worldwide vehicle sales.", "History of Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Based in Dearborn, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit, the automaker was founded by Henry Ford, on June 16, 1903.", "History of Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford Motor Company would go on to become one of the largest and most profitable companies in the world, as well as being one of the few to survive the Great Depression.", "History of Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ The largest family-controlled company in the world, the Ford Motor Company has been in continuous family control for over 110 years.", "History of Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford now encompasses two brands: Ford and Lincoln.", "History of Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford once owned 5 other luxury brands: Volvo, Land Rover, Jaguar, Aston Martin and Mercury.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ This transition included going from hand production methods to machines, new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes, the increasing use of steam power, the development of machine tools and the rise of the factory system.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ Textiles were the dominant industry of the Industrial Revolution in terms of employment, value of output and capital invested.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The textile industry was also the first to use modern production methods.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain, and many of the technological innovations were British.", "Henry Ford Hospital __knowledge__ Henry Ford Hospital (HFH) is an 877-bed tertiary care hospital, education and research complex at the western edge of the New Center area in Detroit, Michigan.", "Henry Ford Hospital __knowledge__ The flagship facility for the Henry Ford Health System, it is one of the first hospitals in the United States to use a standard fee schedule and favor private or semi-private rooms over large wards.", "Henry Ford Hospital __knowledge__ It also is the first hospital in the country to form a closed, salaried medical staff.", "Henry Ford Hospital __knowledge__ As founder Henry Ford viewed tobacco as being unhealthy, the hospital was one of the first hospitals in the United States to institute a total ban on smoking.", "Fordson __knowledge__ Fordson was a brand name of tractors and trucks.", "Fordson __knowledge__ It was used on a range of mass-produced general-purpose tractors manufactured by Henry Ford & Son Inc from 1917 to 1920, by Ford Motor Company (U.S.) and Ford Motor Company Ltd (U.K.) from 1920 to 1928, and by Ford Motor Company Ltd (U.K.) from 1929 to 1964.", "Fordson __knowledge__ They later also built trucks under the Fordson brand.", "Fordson __knowledge__ American engineer, inventor, and businessman Henry Ford built experimental tractors from automobile components during the early 20th century, and launched a prototype known as the Model B in August 1915.", "Fordson __knowledge__ Further prototypes, with a dedicated tractor design, followed in 1916." ] ]

[ 2, 3, 2, 61 ]

[ "Hi we shall talk about Fords history.", "I don't know a lot about the history, but I know something that might shock you. Henry ford the founder was going to make an alcohol engine. It would not need any oil but the oil companies caused alcohol probation to stop that", "Henry ford started the company around the industrial revolution, i believe in the early 1900s like 1903", "The company of ford was founded in Dearborn, Michigan." ]

[ "Ford Motor Company", "Ford Motor Company", "Ford Motor Company", "Ford Motor Company" ]

[ "New York City\nI want to plan a trip to New York City. Have you ever been there?", "What should I plan on doing once I\"m there?", "Sounds like I should plan to stay longer than I originally thought. Any specific sites to see?", "That does sound interesting. I think I'd like to see a Broadway play as well. I can't wait to go!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "New York City __knowledge__ The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ With an estimated 2016 population of 8,537,673 distributed over a land area of about , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world with an estimated 23.7 million residents as of 2016.", "New York City __knowledge__ A global power city, New York City has been described as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world, and exerts a significant impact upon commerce, entertainment, research, technology, education, politics, and sports.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city's fast pace defines the term \"New York minute\".", "New York City __knowledge__ Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy.", "New York City __knowledge__ Situated on one of the world's largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, each of which is a separate county of New York State.", "New York City __knowledge__ The five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city and its metropolitan area constitute the premier gateway for legal immigration to the United States, and as many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world.", "Michael Bloomberg __knowledge__ Michael Rubens Bloomberg (born February 14, 1942) is an American businessman, author, politician, and philanthropist.", "Michael Bloomberg __knowledge__ As of January 2018, his net worth was estimated at $52.7 billion, making him the 7th-richest person in the United States and the 10th richest person in the world.", "Michael Bloomberg __knowledge__ He has joined The Giving Pledge, whereby billionaires pledge to give away at least half of their wealth.", "Michael Bloomberg __knowledge__ Bloomberg is the founder, CEO, and owner of Bloomberg L.P., a global financial services, mass media, and software company that bears his name, and is notable for its Bloomberg Terminal, a computer software system providing financial data widely used in the global financial services industry.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Manhattan () is the most densely populated borough of New York City, its economic and administrative center, and its historical birthplace.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Locally it is often referred to simply as \"The City\".", "Manhattan __knowledge__ The borough is coextensive with New York County, one of the original counties of the U.S. state of New York.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ The borough consists mostly of Manhattan Island, bounded by the Hudson, East, and Harlem rivers; several small adjacent islands; and Marble Hill, a small neighborhood now on the U.S. mainland, physically connected to the Bronx and separated from the rest of Manhattan by the Harlem River.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Manhattan is often described as the cultural, financial, media, and entertainment capital of the world, and the borough hosts the United Nations Headquarters.", "History of the New York City Subway __knowledge__ The New York City Subway is a rapid transit system that serves four of the five boroughs of New York City, New York: the Bronx, Brooklyn, Manhattan, and Queens.", "History of the New York City Subway __knowledge__ Its operator is the New York City Transit Authority (NYCTA), which is controlled by the Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) of New York.", "History of the New York City Subway __knowledge__ In 2016, an average of 5.66 million passengers used the system daily, making it the busiest rapid transit system in the United States and the seventh busiest in the world.", "History of the New York City Subway __knowledge__ The first underground line opened on October 27, 1904, almost 35 years after the opening of the first elevated line in New York City, which became the IRT Ninth Avenue Line.", "Mayoralty of Michael Bloomberg __knowledge__ Michael Bloomberg served as the 108th Mayor of New York City from January 1, 2002 to December 31, 2013.", "Mayoralty of Michael Bloomberg __knowledge__ He first won election in 2001, and he won re-election in 2005 and 2009.", "Mayoralty of Michael Bloomberg __knowledge__ Bloomberg said he wanted reforming public education to be the legacy of his first term and addressing poverty to be the legacy of his second.", "Mayoralty of Michael Bloomberg __knowledge__ He was known as a political pragmatist and for a managerial style that reflected his experience in the private sector.", "Mayoralty of Michael Bloomberg __knowledge__ Bloomberg chose to apply a statistical, results-based approach to city management, appointing city commissioners based on their expertise and granting them wide autonomy in their decision-making.", "History of the Second Avenue Subway __knowledge__ The Second Avenue Subway, a New York City Subway line that runs under Second Avenue on the East Side of Manhattan, has been proposed since 1919.", "History of the Second Avenue Subway __knowledge__ The first phase of the line, consisting of three stations on the Upper East Side, started construction in 2007 and opened in 2017.", "History of the Second Avenue Subway __knowledge__ From 1919 to the 1960s, many distinct plans for the Second Avenue subway line were never carried out, though small segments were built in the 1970s.", "History of the Second Avenue Subway __knowledge__ The complex reasons for these delays are why the line is sometimes called \"the line that time forgot\".", "History of the Second Avenue Subway __knowledge__ The line was originally proposed in 1919 as part of a massive expansion of what would become the Independent Subway System (IND).", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters in the television series \"Mad Men\", all of whom have appeared in multiple episodes.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Donald \"Don\" Draper (né Dick Whitman; Jon Hamm) born 1926, is the creative director at Sterling Cooper Advertising Agency; he eventually rises to become a partner.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ He later becomes a founding partner at Sterling Cooper Draper Pryce.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Draper is the series' protagonist, and more storylines focus on him than on other characters.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Margaret \"Peggy\" Olson (Elisabeth Moss), upon introduction, is the ostensibly naïve \"new girl\" at Sterling Cooper.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ She was originally Draper's secretary, but showed surprising talent and initiative, including a knack—similar to Draper's—for understanding the consumer's mind." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "New York City __knowledge__ The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ With an estimated 2016 population of 8,537,673 distributed over a land area of about , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world with an estimated 23.7 million residents as of 2016.", "New York City __knowledge__ A global power city, New York City has been described as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world, and exerts a significant impact upon commerce, entertainment, research, technology, education, politics, and sports.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city's fast pace defines the term \"New York minute\".", "New York City __knowledge__ Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy.", "New York City __knowledge__ Situated on one of the world's largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, each of which is a separate county of New York State.", "New York City __knowledge__ The five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city and its metropolitan area constitute the premier gateway for legal immigration to the United States, and as many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world.", "Marshall Plan __knowledge__ The Marshall Plan (officially the European Recovery Program, ERP) was an American initiative to aid Western Europe, in which the United States gave over $13,000,000,000 (nearly $140 billion in current dollar value as of September 2017) in economic assistance to help rebuild Western European economies after the end of World War II.", "Marshall Plan __knowledge__ The plan was in operation for four years beginning on April 8, 1948.", "Marshall Plan __knowledge__ The goals of the United States were to rebuild war-torn regions, remove trade barriers, modernise industry, make Europe prosperous once more, and prevent the spread of Communism.", "Marshall Plan __knowledge__ The Marshall Plan required a lessening of interstate barriers, a dropping of many regulations, and encouraged an increase in productivity, trade union membership, as well as the adoption of modern business procedures.", "Commissioners' Plan of 1811 __knowledge__ The Commissioners' Plan of 1811 was the original design for the streets of Manhattan above Houston Street and below 155th Street, which put in place the rectangular grid plan of streets and lots that has defined Manhattan to this day.", "Commissioners' Plan of 1811 __knowledge__ It has been called \"the single most important document in New York City's development,\" and the plan has been described as encompassing the \"republican predilection for control and balance ... [and] distrust of nature.\"", "Commissioners' Plan of 1811 __knowledge__ It was described by the Commission that created it as combining \"beauty, order and convenience.\"", "Commissioners' Plan of 1811 __knowledge__ The plan originated when the Common Council of New York City, seeking to provide for the orderly development and sale of the land of Manhattan between 14th Street and Washington Heights, but unable to do so itself for reasons of local politics and objections from property owners, asked the New York State Legislature to step in.", "Growth Plan for the Greater Golden Horseshoe __knowledge__ The Growth Plan for the Greater Golden Horseshoe, 2006 (the Plan) is a regional growth management policy for the Greater Golden Horseshoe (GGH) area of southern Ontario, Canada.", "Growth Plan for the Greater Golden Horseshoe __knowledge__ Introduced under the Places to Grow Act in 2005, the Plan was approved by the Lieutenant Governor in Council and enacted on June 16, 2006.", "Growth Plan for the Greater Golden Horseshoe __knowledge__ Administered by the Ontario Ministry of Infrastructure (MOI), the plan identifies density and intensification targets, urban growth centres, strategic employment areas, and settlement area restrictions designed to mitigate negative environmental, economic and human health impacts associated with sprawling, uncoordinated growth in the region.", "Stanley plan __knowledge__ The Stanley Plan was a package of 13 statutes adopted in September 1956 by the U.S. state of Virginia designed to ensure racial segregation in that state's public schools despite the unanimous ruling of the Supreme Court of the United States in \"Brown v. Board of Education\", 347 U.S. 483 (1954) that school segregation was unconstitutional.", "Stanley plan __knowledge__ The legislative program was named for Governor Thomas B. Stanley, who proposed the program and successfully pushed for its enactment.", "Stanley plan __knowledge__ The Stanley plan was a critical element in the policy of \"massive resistance\" to the \"Brown\" ruling advocated by U.S.", "Stanley plan __knowledge__ Senator Harry F. Byrd, Sr.", "National Action Plan to Combat Human Trafficking __knowledge__ The National Action Plan to Combat Human Trafficking is a four-year action plan that was established by the Government of Canada on June 6, 2012 to oppose human trafficking in Canada.", "National Action Plan to Combat Human Trafficking __knowledge__ In 2004, the government's Interdepartmental Working Group on Trafficking in Persons was mandated to create a national anti-human-trafficking plan, but the mandate went unfulfilled despite reminders from politicians and non-governmental organizations (NGOs).", "National Action Plan to Combat Human Trafficking __knowledge__ Member of Parliament (MP) Joy Smith put forward motion C-153 in February 2007 to put a plan in place, and the House of Commons passed it unanimously.", "National Action Plan to Combat Human Trafficking __knowledge__ Smith began developing a proposal and released it in September 2010 under the title \"Connecting the Dots\".", "Economy of North Korea __knowledge__ North Korea's economy is a centrally planned system, where the role of market allocation schemes is limited, though increasing.", "Economy of North Korea __knowledge__ Although there have been some small-scale reforms, , North Korea continues its basic adherence to a rigid centrally planned command economy, and its reliance on fundamentally non-pecuniary (not readily quantified or valued in money) incentives.", "Economy of North Korea __knowledge__ There has been economic reform, particularly after Kim Jong-un assumed the leadership in 2012, but reports conflict over particular legislation and enactment.", "Economy of North Korea __knowledge__ The collapse of the Eastern Bloc from 1989 to 1991, particularly North Korea's principal source of support, the Soviet Union, forced the North Korean economy to realign its foreign economic relations, including increased economic exchanges with South Korea.", "Five-Year Plans of India __knowledge__ From 1947 to 2017, the Indian economy was premised on the concept of planning.", "Five-Year Plans of India __knowledge__ This was carried through the Five-Year Plans, developed, executed, and monitored by the Planning Commission (1951 - 2014) and the NITI Aayog (2015 - 2017).", "Five-Year Plans of India __knowledge__ With the Prime Minister as the ex-officio Chairman, the commission has a nominated Deputy Chairman, who holds the rank of a Cabinet Minister.", "Five-Year Plans of India __knowledge__ Montek Singh Ahluwalia is the last Deputy Chairman of the Commission (resigned on 26 May 2014).", "Five-Year Plans of India __knowledge__ The Twelth Plan completed its term in March 2017.", "Five-Year Plans of India __knowledge__ Prior to the Fourth Plan, the allocation of state resources was based on schematic patterns rather than a transparent and objective mechanism, which led to the adoption of the Gadgil formula in 1969.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ New York is a state in the northeastern United States.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ New York was one of the original thirteen colonies that formed the United States.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ With an estimated 19.85 million residents in 2017, it is the fourth most populous state in the United States.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ To differentiate from its city with the same name, it is sometimes called New York State.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ The state's largest city, New York City, makes up over 40% of the state's population.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ Two-thirds of the state's population lives in the New York metropolitan area, and nearly 40% lives on Long Island.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ The state and city were both named for the 17th-century Duke of York, future King James II of England.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Manhattan () is the most densely populated borough of New York City, its economic and administrative center, and its historical birthplace.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Locally it is often referred to simply as \"The City\".", "Manhattan __knowledge__ The borough is coextensive with New York County, one of the original counties of the U.S. state of New York.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ The borough consists mostly of Manhattan Island, bounded by the Hudson, East, and Harlem rivers; several small adjacent islands; and Marble Hill, a small neighborhood now on the U.S. mainland, physically connected to the Bronx and separated from the rest of Manhattan by the Harlem River.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Manhattan is often described as the cultural, financial, media, and entertainment capital of the world, and the borough hosts the United Nations Headquarters.", "I Love New York __knowledge__ I Love New York (stylized I ❤ NY) is a slogan, a logo and a song that are the basis of an advertising campaign and has been used since 1977 to promote tourism in the state of New York, including New York City.", "I Love New York __knowledge__ The trademarked logo, owned by the New York State Department of Economic Development, appears in souvenir shops and brochures throughout the state, some licensed, many not.", "I Love New York __knowledge__ The \"I Love New York\" song is the state song of New York.", "I Love New York __knowledge__ The logo was designed by graphic designer Milton Glaser in 1976 in the back of a taxi, and was drawn with red crayon on scrap paper.", "I Love New York __knowledge__ The original drawing is now held in the Museum of Modern Art in Manhattan.", "I Love New York (season 1) __knowledge__ I Love New York (season 1) is first season of the VH1 reality television series entitled \"I Love New York\".", "I Love New York (season 1) __knowledge__ The first season consisted of 12 episodes, which first aired weekly from January 8, 2007 to April 15, 2007.", "I Love New York (season 1) __knowledge__ In July 2006, VH1 published a casting call looking for contestants for their new series tentatively titled \"The Flavorette\".", "I Love New York (season 1) __knowledge__ Various blogs speculated that the star of this program could be \"Flavor of Love\" season one contestants \"Rain\" (Thela Brown), \"Hoopz\" (Nicole Alexander) or Pollard.", "I Love New York (season 1) __knowledge__ Before the second season finale of \"Flavor of Love\", Pollard denied having her own show but when the Flavor of Love season 2 finale aired, she confirmed she was the \"Flavorette\" and that she was already down to the final three contestants.", "Tiffany Pollard __knowledge__ Tiffany Pollard (born January 6, 1982), sometimes known by her nickname New York, is an American reality television personality and actress.", "Tiffany Pollard __knowledge__ She first achieved public recognition for her participation in VH1's \"Flavor of Love\" and \"I Love New York\".", "Tiffany Pollard __knowledge__ Pollard was given the nickname \"New York\" by rapper Flavor Flav.", "Tiffany Pollard __knowledge__ She is also known colloquially by her self-proclaimed nickname, the \"HBIC (Head Bitch In Charge)\", which she exclaimed in the \"Flavor of Love\" series to taunt her competitors.", "Tiffany Pollard __knowledge__ In 2016, Pollard took part in the British television series \"Celebrity Big Brother\", finishing in fourth place.", "Pelham Bay Park __knowledge__ Pelham Bay Park is a municipal park located in the northeast corner of the New York City borough of the Bronx.", "Pelham Bay Park __knowledge__ It is, at , the largest public park in New York City.", "Pelham Bay Park __knowledge__ The park is more than three times the size of Manhattan's Central Park.", "Pelham Bay Park __knowledge__ The park is operated by the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation (NYC Parks).", "Pelham Bay Park __knowledge__ Before its creation, the land comprising the current Pelham Bay Park was part of Anne Hutchinson's short-lived dissident colony.", "Pelham Bay Park __knowledge__ Part of New Netherland, it was destroyed in 1643 by a Siwanoy attack in reprisal for the unrelated massacres carried out under Willem Kieft's direction of the Dutch West India Company's New Amsterdam colony." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "New York City __knowledge__ The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ With an estimated 2016 population of 8,537,673 distributed over a land area of about , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world with an estimated 23.7 million residents as of 2016.", "New York City __knowledge__ A global power city, New York City has been described as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world, and exerts a significant impact upon commerce, entertainment, research, technology, education, politics, and sports.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city's fast pace defines the term \"New York minute\".", "New York City __knowledge__ Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy.", "New York City __knowledge__ Situated on one of the world's largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, each of which is a separate county of New York State.", "New York City __knowledge__ The five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city and its metropolitan area constitute the premier gateway for legal immigration to the United States, and as many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world.", "Cre-Lox recombination __knowledge__ Cre-Lox recombination is a site-specific recombinase technology, used to carry out deletions, insertions, translocations and inversions at specific sites in the DNA of cells.", "Cre-Lox recombination __knowledge__ It allows the DNA modification to be targeted to a specific cell type or be triggered by a specific external stimulus.", "Cre-Lox recombination __knowledge__ It is implemented both in eukaryotic and prokaryotic systems.", "Cre-Lox recombination __knowledge__ The Cre-lox recombination system has been particularly useful to help neuroscientists to study the brain in which complex cell types and neural circuits come together to generate cognition and behaviors.", "Cre-Lox recombination __knowledge__ NIH Blueprint for Neuroscience Research has created several hundreds of Cre driver mouse lines which are currently used by the worldwide neuroscience community.", "Internet censorship and surveillance by country __knowledge__ This list of Internet censorship and surveillance by country provides information on the types and levels of Internet censorship and surveillance that is occurring in countries around the world.", "Internet censorship and surveillance by country __knowledge__ Detailed country by country information on Internet censorship and surveillance is provided in the \"Freedom on the Net\" reports from Freedom House, by the OpenNet Initiative, by Reporters Without Borders, and in the \"Country Reports on Human Rights Practices\" from the U.S. State Department Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor.", "Internet censorship and surveillance by country __knowledge__ The ratings produced by several of these organizations are summarized below as well as in the Censorship by country article.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "List of Deltora Quest characters __knowledge__ The \"Deltora\" series features a wide line of characters, both important and minor.", "List of Deltora Quest characters __knowledge__ The series also features many different monsters and creatures that appeared in all of the many different books.", "List of Deltora Quest characters __knowledge__ This article is a list of the many different characters and creatures that have appeared in the Deltora series.", "List of Deltora Quest characters __knowledge__ Lief was raised as a blacksmith's son in the run-down city of Del after the invasion.", "List of Deltora Quest characters __knowledge__ Hot-headed and impatient at the start of the series, all he wanted to do was go out and explore the city.", "List of Deltora Quest characters __knowledge__ On the night of his sixteenth birthday, he leaves on his father's quest to restore the Belt of Deltora, the only thing that can save their land and the heir from the tyranny of the Shadow Lord.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Pet Sounds is the eleventh studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released on May 16, 1966.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ It initially met with a lukewarm critical and commercial response in the United States, peaking at number 10 in the \"Billboard\" 200, a significantly lower placement than the band's preceding albums.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the album was hailed by its music press and was an immediate commercial success, peaking at number 2 in the UK Top 40 Albums Chart and remaining among the top ten positions for six months.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Originally promoted as \"the most progressive pop album ever\", \"Pet Sounds\" attracted recognition for its ambitious recording and unusually sophisticated music, and is widely considered to be one of the most influential albums in music history.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ Sounds Like Chicken was a band from Melbourne, Australia, which formed in 1999 and disbanded in 2007.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ They were one of Australia's most well-known ska bands and one of the most popular Christian bands in the country.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ They were signed to Boomtown Records.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ Sounds Like Chicken's musical style included a blend of Ska, Hardcore, Reggae & Rock.The band placed a high emphasis on touring and were known for their \"high energy\" live performances.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ Sounds Like Chicken shared stages and toured with such bands, including Reel Big Fish, Mad Caddies, Crowned King, Hilltop Hoods, Kisschasy, Area-7, Gyroscope, Bodyjar, 28 Days, Killing Heidi, The O.C.", "Beluga whale __knowledge__ The beluga whale or white whale (\"Delphinapterus leucas\") is an Arctic and sub-Arctic cetacean.", "Beluga whale __knowledge__ It is one of two members of the family Monodontidae, along with the narwhal, and the only member of the genus \"Delphinapterus\".", "Beluga whale __knowledge__ This marine mammal is commonly referred to as the beluga, melonhead, or sea canary due to its high-pitched twitter.", "Beluga whale __knowledge__ It is adapted to life in the Arctic, so has anatomical and physiological characteristics that differentiate it from other cetaceans.", "Beluga whale __knowledge__ Amongst these are its all-white colour and the absence of a dorsal fin.", "Beluga whale __knowledge__ It possesses a distinctive protuberance at the front of its head which houses an echolocation organ called the melon, which in this species is large and deformable.", "Staten Island __knowledge__ Staten Island is one of the five boroughs of New York City in the U.S. state of New York.", "Staten Island __knowledge__ Located in the southwest portion of the city, Staten Island is the southernmost part of both the city and state of New York, with Conference House Park located at the southern tip of the island.", "Staten Island __knowledge__ The borough is separated from New Jersey by the Arthur Kill and the Kill Van Kull, and from the rest of New York by New York Bay.", "Staten Island __knowledge__ With a 2016 Census-estimated population of 476,015, Staten Island is the least populated of the boroughs but is the third-largest in area at .", "Staten Island __knowledge__ Staten Island is the only borough of New York with a non-Hispanic White majority.", "Staten Island Ferry __knowledge__ The Staten Island Ferry is a passenger ferry route operated by the New York City Department of Transportation.", "Staten Island Ferry __knowledge__ It runs in New York Harbor between the New York City boroughs of Manhattan and Staten Island.", "Staten Island Ferry __knowledge__ The ferry operates 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, running every 15 to 20 minutes during peak hours and every 30 minutes at other times.", "Staten Island Ferry __knowledge__ Since 1997, the Staten Island Ferry has been fare-free, though historically, it has charged a relatively low fare compared to other modes of transit in the area.", "Staten Island Ferry __knowledge__ The Staten Island Ferry is one of several ferry systems in the New York City area, besides NYC Ferry, SeaStreak, New York Water Taxi, and NY Waterway.", "New York City mayoral elections __knowledge__ The Mayor of the City of New York is elected in early November every four years and takes office at the beginning of the following year.", "New York City mayoral elections __knowledge__ The city, which elects the mayor as its chief executive, consists of the five boroughs (Manhattan, The Bronx, Brooklyn, Queens and Staten Island), which consolidated to form \"Greater\" New York on January 1, 1898.", "New York City mayoral elections __knowledge__ The consolidated city's first mayor, Robert A.", "New York City mayoral elections __knowledge__ Van Wyck, was elected with other municipal officers in November 1897.", "New York City mayoral elections __knowledge__ Mayoral elections had previously been held since 1834 by the City of Brooklyn and the smaller, unconsolidated City of New York (Manhattan, later expanded into the Bronx).", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Manhattan () is the most densely populated borough of New York City, its economic and administrative center, and its historical birthplace.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Locally it is often referred to simply as \"The City\".", "Manhattan __knowledge__ The borough is coextensive with New York County, one of the original counties of the U.S. state of New York.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ The borough consists mostly of Manhattan Island, bounded by the Hudson, East, and Harlem rivers; several small adjacent islands; and Marble Hill, a small neighborhood now on the U.S. mainland, physically connected to the Bronx and separated from the rest of Manhattan by the Harlem River.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Manhattan is often described as the cultural, financial, media, and entertainment capital of the world, and the borough hosts the United Nations Headquarters.", "Bus depots of MTA Regional Bus Operations __knowledge__ MTA Regional Bus Operations operates local and express buses serving New York City in the United States out of 29 bus depots.", "Bus depots of MTA Regional Bus Operations __knowledge__ These depots are located in all five boroughs of the city, with one located in nearby Yonkers in Westchester County.", "Bus depots of MTA Regional Bus Operations __knowledge__ 21 of these depots serve MTA New York City Transit (NYCT)'s bus operations, while the remaining eight serve the MTA Bus Company (the successor to private bus operations taken over in the 2000s).", "Bus depots of MTA Regional Bus Operations __knowledge__ These facilities perform regular maintenance, cleaning, and painting of buses, as well as collection of revenue from bus fareboxes.", "Bus depots of MTA Regional Bus Operations __knowledge__ Several of these depots were once car barns for streetcars, while others were built much later and have only served buses.", "The Bronx __knowledge__ The Bronx () is the northernmost of the five boroughs of New York City, within the U.S. state of New York.", "The Bronx __knowledge__ It is geographically south of Westchester County; north and east of the island and borough of Manhattan to the south and west across the Harlem River; and north of the borough of Queens, across the East River.", "The Bronx __knowledge__ Of the five boroughs, the Bronx is the only one that has the majority of its area on the U.S. mainland and, with a land area of and a population of 1,455,720 in 2016, has the fourth-largest land area, the fourth-highest population, and the third-highest population density.", "The Bronx __knowledge__ Since 1914, the Bronx has had the same boundaries as Bronx County, a county of New York and the third most densely populated county in the United States." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "New York City __knowledge__ The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ With an estimated 2016 population of 8,537,673 distributed over a land area of about , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world with an estimated 23.7 million residents as of 2016.", "New York City __knowledge__ A global power city, New York City has been described as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world, and exerts a significant impact upon commerce, entertainment, research, technology, education, politics, and sports.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city's fast pace defines the term \"New York minute\".", "New York City __knowledge__ Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy.", "New York City __knowledge__ Situated on one of the world's largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, each of which is a separate county of New York State.", "New York City __knowledge__ The five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city and its metropolitan area constitute the premier gateway for legal immigration to the United States, and as many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world.", "IMC AG __knowledge__ IMC AG is a German software company, publishing house and supplier of E-Learning content with headquarter in Saarbrucken.", "IMC AG __knowledge__ The company IMC AG was founded in 1996 within the Scheer Group of the Saarland, by business informatics professor and former BITKOM President August-Wilhelm Scheer as a spin off to bundle the E-learning business and to expand.", "IMC AG __knowledge__ The IMC AG does not belong to IDS Scheer, which was at that time the third largest German software company after SAP and Software AG and which was sold to Software AG in 2009, but became a part of the E-learning division within the newly founded Scheer Group GmbH.", "Al Jolson __knowledge__ Al Jolson (born Asa Yoelson; May 26, 1886 – October 23, 1950) was an American singer, comedian, stage and film actor.", "Al Jolson __knowledge__ At the peak of his career, he was dubbed \"The World's Greatest Entertainer.\"", "Al Jolson __knowledge__ His performing style was brash and extroverted, and he popularized a large number of songs that benefited from his \"shamelessly sentimental, melodramatic approach.\"", "Al Jolson __knowledge__ Numerous well-known singers were influenced by his music, including Bing Crosby, Bob Dylan, Rod Stewart, David Bowie and others.", "Al Jolson __knowledge__ Dylan once referred to him as \"somebody whose life I can feel.\"", "Al Jolson __knowledge__ Broadway critic Gilbert Seldes compared him to the Greek god Pan, claiming that Jolson represented \"the concentration of our national health and gaiety.\"", "Outer Critics Circle Award __knowledge__ The Outer Critics Circle Awards are presented annually for theatrical achievements both on Broadway and Off-Broadway.", "Outer Critics Circle Award __knowledge__ They were begun during the 1949–1950 theatre season.", "Outer Critics Circle Award __knowledge__ The awards are decided upon by theatre critics who review for out-of-town newspapers, national publications, and other media outlets outside New York City.", "Outer Critics Circle Award __knowledge__ Simon Saltzman, a long-time member of the OCC executive committee and theater reviewer, currenty serves as president.", "Outer Critics Circle Award __knowledge__ The first awards (for 1949–50) were: \"The Cocktail Party\" (Play); \"The Consul\" (Musical); Sheila Guyse, Performances in Supporting Roles for \"Lost in the Stars\", and Daniel Reed, Performances in Supporting Roles for \"Come Back, Little Sheba\".", "Beauty and the Beast (musical) __knowledge__ Beauty and the Beast is a musical with music by Alan Menken, lyrics by Howard Ashman and Tim Rice, and book by Linda Woolverton.", "Beauty and the Beast (musical) __knowledge__ Adapted from Walt Disney Pictures' Academy Award-winning 1991 animated musical film of the same name – which in turn had been based on the classic French fairy tale by Jeanne-Marie Leprince de Beaumont – \"Beauty and the Beast\" tells the story of a cold-blooded prince who has been magically transformed into an unsightly creature as punishment for his selfish ways.", "Beauty and the Beast (musical) __knowledge__ To revert into his true human form, the Beast must first earn the love of a bright, beautiful young woman whom he has imprisoned in his enchanted castle before it is too late.", "Spider-Man: Turn Off the Dark __knowledge__ Spider-Man: Turn Off the Dark is a 2010 musical with music and lyrics by U2's Bono and The Edge, with arrangements and orchestration by David Campbell, and a book by Julie Taymor, Glen Berger, and Roberto Aguirre-Sacasa.", "Spider-Man: Turn Off the Dark __knowledge__ The musical is based on the Spider-Man comics created by Stan Lee and Steve Ditko, published by Marvel Comics, as well as the 2002 film about the character, and the Greek myth of Arachne.", "Spider-Man: Turn Off the Dark __knowledge__ It tells the origin story of the character, his romance with Mary Jane and his battles with the evil Green Goblin.", "Spider-Man: Turn Off the Dark __knowledge__ The show includes highly technical stunts, such as actors swinging from \"webs\" and several aerial combat scenes.", "Jean Arthur __knowledge__ Jean Arthur (born Gladys Georgianna Greene; October 17, 1900 – June 19, 1991) was an American actress and a major film star of the 1930s and 1940s.", "Jean Arthur __knowledge__ Arthur had feature roles in three Frank Capra films: \"Mr.", "Jean Arthur __knowledge__ Deeds Goes to Town\" (1936), \"You Can't Take It with You\" (1938), and \"Mr. Smith Goes to Washington\" (1939), films that championed the \"everyday heroine\".", "Jean Arthur __knowledge__ Arthur was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actress in 1944 for her performance in \"The More the Merrier\" (1943).", "Jean Arthur __knowledge__ James Harvey wrote in his recounting of the era, \"No one was more closely identified with the screwball comedy than Jean Arthur.", "Barton Fink __knowledge__ Barton Fink is a 1991 American period film written, produced, directed and edited by the Coen brothers.", "Barton Fink __knowledge__ Set in 1941, it stars John Turturro in the title role as a young New York City playwright who is hired to write scripts for a film studio in Hollywood, and John Goodman as Charlie, the insurance salesman who lives next door at the run-down Hotel Earle.", "Barton Fink __knowledge__ The Coens wrote the screenplay for \"Barton Fink\" in three weeks while experiencing difficulty during the writing of \"Miller's Crossing\".", "Barton Fink __knowledge__ They began filming the former soon after \"Miller's Crossing\" was finished.", "Barton Fink __knowledge__ The film is influenced by works of several earlier directors, particularly Roman Polanski's \"Repulsion\" (1965) and \"The Tenant\" (1976).", "Headquarters of the United Nations __knowledge__ The United Nations is headquartered in New York City, in a complex designed by Brazilian architect Oscar Niemeyer and built by the architectural firm Harrison & Abramovitz.", "Headquarters of the United Nations __knowledge__ The complex has served as the official headquarters of the United Nations since its completion in 1952.", "Headquarters of the United Nations __knowledge__ It is located in the Turtle Bay neighborhood of Manhattan, on of grounds overlooking the East River.", "Headquarters of the United Nations __knowledge__ Its borders are First Avenue on the west, East 42nd Street to the south, East 48th Street on the north and the East River to the east.", "Headquarters of the United Nations __knowledge__ The term \"Turtle Bay\" is occasionally used as a metonym for the UN headquarters or for the United Nations as a whole.", "The Holocaust and the United Nations Outreach Programme __knowledge__ United Nations General Assembly resolution 60/7 on Holocaust remembrance called for the establishment of a programme of outreach on the subject of the “Holocaust and the United Nations” and measures to mobilize civil society for Holocaust remembrance and education, in order to help to prevent future acts of genocide.", "The Holocaust and the United Nations Outreach Programme __knowledge__ Since its establishment by the Department of Public Information in January 2006, the Holocaust and the United Nations Outreach Programme has developed an international network of civil society groups and a multi-faceted programme that includes: innovative online educational products, youth outreach, DVDs, seminars and training programmes, a film series, book signings, a permanent exhibit at United Nations Headquarters in New York City, and the annual worldwide observance of the International Day of Commemoration in memory of the victims of the Holocaust.", "International Holocaust Remembrance Day __knowledge__ International Holocaust Remembrance Day, is an international memorial day on 27 January commemorating the tragedy of the Holocaust that occurred during the Second World War.", "International Holocaust Remembrance Day __knowledge__ It commemorates the genocide that resulted in the death of an estimated 6 million Jewish people, 200,000 Romani people, 250,000 mentally and physically disabled people, and 9,000 homosexual men by the Nazi regime and its collaborators.", "International Holocaust Remembrance Day __knowledge__ It was designated by the United Nations General Assembly resolution 60/7 on 1 November 2005 during the 42nd plenary session.", "International Holocaust Remembrance Day __knowledge__ The resolution came after a special session was held earlier that year on 24 January 2005 during which the United Nations General Assembly marked the 60th anniversary of the liberation of the Nazi concentration camps and the end of the Holocaust.", "World Jewish Congress __knowledge__ The World Jewish Congress (WJC) was founded in Geneva, Switzerland, in August 1936 as an international federation of Jewish communities and organizations.", "World Jewish Congress __knowledge__ According to its mission statement, the World Jewish Congress' main purpose is to act as \"the diplomatic arm of the Jewish people.\"", "World Jewish Congress __knowledge__ Membership in the WJC is open to all representative Jewish groups or communities, irrespective of the social, political or economic ideology of the community's host country.", "World Jewish Congress __knowledge__ The World Jewish Congress headquarters are in New York City, US, and the organization maintains international offices in Brussels, Belgium; Jerusalem, Israel; Paris, France; Moscow, Russia; Buenos Aires, Argentina; and Geneva, Switzerland.", "List of international presidential trips made by Benigno Aquino III __knowledge__ This is a list of foreign presidential trips made by Benigno Aquino III, the 15th President of the Philippines.", "List of international presidential trips made by Benigno Aquino III __knowledge__ During his presidency, which began with his inauguration on June 30, 2010 and ended on June 30, 2016, Benigno Aquino III made 40 international trips to 24 countries internationally, including Vatican City.", "List of international presidential trips made by Benigno Aquino III __knowledge__ Aquino said he limited his foreign trips in order to focus on domestic issues.", "List of international presidential trips made by Benigno Aquino III __knowledge__ The number of visits per country where he travelled are: In 2010, President Aquino made 3 official visits.", "List of international presidential trips made by Benigno Aquino III __knowledge__ President Aquino attended the 65th United Nations General Assembly and met with US President Barack Obama and leaders of several business sectors in New York City and San Francisco, California.", "2008 Nord-Kivu campaign __knowledge__ The 2008 Nord-Kivu campaign was an armed conflict in the eastern Nord-Kivu province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.", "2008 Nord-Kivu campaign __knowledge__ The upsurge of violence in the Kivu conflict saw heavy battles between the Democratic Republic of Congo's army, supported by the United Nations, and Tutsi militia under General Laurent Nkunda.", "2008 Nord-Kivu campaign __knowledge__ The fighting, which began on October 25, uprooted 250,000 civilians — bringing the total of people displaced by the Kivu conflict to more than 2 million.", "2008 Nord-Kivu campaign __knowledge__ The campaign caused widespread civil unrest, large food shortages and what the United Nations called \"a humanitarian crisis of catastrophic dimensions.\"" ] ]

[ 3, 8, 6, 9 ]

[ "Yes! I love New York City! It's located on the southern tip of New York state.", "There is so much to see! Try to visit each of the five boroughs - Staten Island, The Bronx, Brooklyn, Manhattan and Queens! They're all different!", "There are a lot of museums to visit in the city, but you should also stop by to see the United Nations headquarters! It's very interesting!", "Broadway has some of the greatest shows in the world! You won't be bored! I love that New York City is so culturally diverse. Over 800 languages are spoken in the city!" ]

[ "New York City", "New York City", "New York City", "New York City" ]

[ "Aircraft pilot", "no i don't want to, their job is risky", "i know they pay well. can you tell more about your job" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Aircraft pilot __knowledge__ An aircraft pilot or aviator is a person who controls the flight of an aircraft by operating its directional flight controls.", "Aircraft pilot __knowledge__ While other aircrew members such as navigators or flight engineers are also considered aviators, because they are involved in operating the aircraft's navigation and engine systems.", "Aircraft pilot __knowledge__ Other aircrew members such as flight attendants, mechanics and ground crew, are not classified as aviators.", "Aircraft pilot __knowledge__ In recognition of the pilots' qualifications and responsibilities, most militaries and many airlines worldwide award aviator badges to their pilots, and this includes naval aviators.", "Aircraft pilot __knowledge__ The first recorded use of the term \"aviator\" (\"aviateur\" in French) was in 1887, as a variation of \"aviation\", from the Latin \"avis\" (meaning \"bird\"), coined in 1863 by G. de la Landelle in \"Aviation Ou Navigation Aérienne\" (\"Aviation or Air Navigation\").", "Aircraft pilot __knowledge__ The term aviatrix (\"aviatrice\" in French), now archaic, was formerly used for a female aviator.", "Aircraft pilot __knowledge__ These terms were used more in the early days of aviation, when airplanes were extremely rare, and connoted bravery and adventure.", "Aircraft pilot __knowledge__ For example, a 1905 reference work described the Wright brothers' first airplane: \"The weight, including the body of the aviator, is a little more than 700 pounds\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Aircraft pilot __knowledge__ An aircraft pilot or aviator is a person who controls the flight of an aircraft by operating its directional flight controls.", "Aircraft pilot __knowledge__ While other aircrew members such as navigators or flight engineers are also considered aviators, because they are involved in operating the aircraft's navigation and engine systems.", "Aircraft pilot __knowledge__ Other aircrew members such as flight attendants, mechanics and ground crew, are not classified as aviators.", "Aircraft pilot __knowledge__ In recognition of the pilots' qualifications and responsibilities, most militaries and many airlines worldwide award aviator badges to their pilots, and this includes naval aviators.", "Aircraft pilot __knowledge__ The first recorded use of the term \"aviator\" (\"aviateur\" in French) was in 1887, as a variation of \"aviation\", from the Latin \"avis\" (meaning \"bird\"), coined in 1863 by G. de la Landelle in \"Aviation Ou Navigation Aérienne\" (\"Aviation or Air Navigation\").", "Aircraft pilot __knowledge__ The term aviatrix (\"aviatrice\" in French), now archaic, was formerly used for a female aviator.", "Aircraft pilot __knowledge__ These terms were used more in the early days of aviation, when airplanes were extremely rare, and connoted bravery and adventure.", "Aircraft pilot __knowledge__ For example, a 1905 reference work described the Wright brothers' first airplane: \"The weight, including the body of the aviator, is a little more than 700 pounds\".", "Charm School with Ricki Lake __knowledge__ Charm School with Ricki Lake is the third and final season of the VH1 reality television series \"Charm School\".", "Charm School with Ricki Lake __knowledge__ Fourteen contestants from \"Rock of Love Bus with Bret Michaels\" and \"Real Chance of Love\" must change their old ways and learn improvement through acts of charity work.", "Charm School with Ricki Lake __knowledge__ Ricki Lake is the headmistress of the Charm School, and is assisted by deans Alani \"La La\" Vazquez and Stryker.", "Charm School with Ricki Lake __knowledge__ Ebony Jones (Risky) was ultimately named Charm School Queen and was awarded the $100,000.", "Charm School with Ricki Lake __knowledge__ \"First Aired May 11, 2009 This season of \"Charm School\" opens with fourteen women from \"Rock of Love Bus\" and \"Real Chance of Love\" on a bus traveling to meet their headmistress, Ricki Lake.", "Group polarization __knowledge__ In social psychology, group polarization refers to the tendency for a group to make decisions that are more extreme than the initial inclination of its members.", "Group polarization __knowledge__ These more extreme decisions are towards greater risk if individuals' initial tendencies are to be risky and towards greater caution if individuals' initial tendencies are to be cautious.", "Group polarization __knowledge__ The phenomenon also holds that a group's attitude toward a situation may change in the sense that the individuals' initial attitudes have strengthened and intensified after group discussion, a phenomenon known as attitude polarization.", "Group polarization __knowledge__ Group polarization is an important phenomenon in social psychology and is observable in many social contexts.", "Credit default swap __knowledge__ A credit default swap (CDS) is a financial swap agreement that the seller of the CDS will compensate the buyer (usually the creditor of the reference loan) in the event of a loan default (by the debtor) or other credit event.", "Credit default swap __knowledge__ That is, the seller of the CDS insures the buyer against some reference loan defaulting.", "Credit default swap __knowledge__ The buyer of the CDS makes a series of payments (the CDS \"fee\" or \"spread\") to the seller and, in exchange, receives a payoff if the loan defaults.", "Credit default swap __knowledge__ It was invented by Blythe Masters from JP Morgan in 1994.", "Credit default swap __knowledge__ In the event of default the buyer of the CDS receives compensation (usually the face value of the loan), and the seller of the CDS takes possession of the defaulted loan.", "Government policies and the subprime mortgage crisis __knowledge__ The U.S. subprime mortgage crisis was a set of events and conditions that led to a financial crisis and subsequent recession that began in 2007.", "Government policies and the subprime mortgage crisis __knowledge__ It was characterized by a rise in subprime mortgage delinquencies and foreclosures, and the resulting decline of securities backed by said mortgages.", "Government policies and the subprime mortgage crisis __knowledge__ Several major financial institutions collapsed in September 2008, with significant disruption in the flow of credit to businesses and consumers and the onset of a severe global recession.", "Government policies and the subprime mortgage crisis __knowledge__ Government housing policies, over-regulation, failed regulation and deregulation have all been claimed as causes of the crisis, along with many others.", "Shantae: Risky's Revenge __knowledge__ Shantae: Risky's Revenge is a platform video game developed by WayForward Technologies for Nintendo DSi.", "Shantae: Risky's Revenge __knowledge__ The second installment in the \"Shantae\" series, \"Risky's Revenge\" is sequel to the Game Boy Color video game \"Shantae\" and is succeeded by the Nintendo 3DS and Wii U sequel \"Shantae and the Pirate's Curse\", and the fourth installment \"\".", "Shantae: Risky's Revenge __knowledge__ An iOS port was made and released on October 27, 2011 and features a new \"Magic Mode\".", "Shantae: Risky's Revenge __knowledge__ A Microsoft Windows version was released on June 15, 2014 as \"Shantae: Risky's Revenge - Director's Cut\", featuring a re-imagined Warp System and the \"Magic Mode\" from the iOS port.", "List of Suits characters __knowledge__ \"Suits\" is an American legal drama created by Aaron Korsh and premiered on USA Network in June 2011.", "List of Suits characters __knowledge__ The series revolves around Harvey Specter (Gabriel Macht), a senior partner at a top law firm in Manhattan, and his recently hired associate attorney Mike Ross (Patrick J. Adams) as they hide the fact that Mike does not have a law degree.", "List of Suits characters __knowledge__ Each episode focuses on a single legal case and its challenges while examining the work environment of the firm, Mike's and Harvey's personal relationships, and problems stemming from Mike's lack of a degree.", "List of Suits characters __knowledge__ The rest of the starring cast portray other employees at the firm: Louis Litt (Rick Hoffman), Rachel Zane (Meghan Markle), a paralegal who develops feelings for Mike; Donna Paulsen (Sarah Rafferty), Harvey's long-time legal secretary, close friend, and confidant; and Jessica Pearson (Gina Torres), the co-founder and managing partner of the firm.", "Subprime mortgage crisis __knowledge__ The United States (U.S.) subprime mortgage crisis was a nationwide banking emergency, occurring between 2007-2010, which contributed to the U.S. recession of December 2007 – June 2009.", "Subprime mortgage crisis __knowledge__ It was triggered by a large decline in home prices after the collapse of a housing bubble, leading to mortgage delinquencies and foreclosures and the devaluation of housing-related securities.", "Subprime mortgage crisis __knowledge__ Declines in residential investment preceded the recession and were followed by reductions in household spending and then business investment.", "Subprime mortgage crisis __knowledge__ Spending reductions were more significant in areas with a combination of high household debt and larger housing price declines.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Sir Jonathan Paul \"Jony\" Ive, (born 27 February 1967), is an English industrial designer who is currently the chief design officer (CDO) of Apple and chancellor of the Royal College of Art in London.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ While working for a design firm in London he was asked by Apple, then a struggling company, to create a look for a new laptop.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ He took the design to Apple and was hired immediately.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive oversees the Apple Industrial Design Group and also provides leadership and direction for Human Interface software teams across the company.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive is the designer of many of Apple's hardware and software products.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive has received a number of accolades for his work.", "Aircraft in fiction __knowledge__ Aircraft in fiction covers the various real-world aircraft that have made significant appearances in fiction over the decades, including in books, films, toys, TV programs, video games, and other media.", "Aircraft in fiction __knowledge__ These appearances spotlight the popularity of different models of aircraft, and showcase the different types for the general public.", "Aircraft in fiction __knowledge__ The first aviation film was the 1911 William J. Humphrey–directed two-reeler, \"The Military Air-Scout\", shot following an Aero Club of America flying meet at Long Island, New York, with Lt. Henry Arnold doing the stunt flying.", "Aircraft in fiction __knowledge__ \"Arnold, who picked up 'a few extra bucks' for his services, became so excited about movies that he almost quit the Army to become an actor.\"", "Pilot certification in the United States __knowledge__ Pilot certification in the United States is typically required for an individual to act as a pilot-in-command of an aircraft.", "Pilot certification in the United States __knowledge__ It is regulated by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), a branch of the U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT).", "Pilot certification in the United States __knowledge__ A pilot is certified under the authority of Parts 61 or (if training was conducted by an FAA-approved school) 141 of Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations, also known as the Federal Aviation Regulations (FARs).", "Pilot certification in the United States __knowledge__ An FAA-issued \"pilot certificate\" is evidence that an individual is duly authorized to exercise piloting privileges.", "Pilot certification in the United States __knowledge__ The pilot certificate is one of several kinds of \"airman certificates\" issued by the FAA.", "Portuguese Air Force __knowledge__ The Portuguese Air Force () is the aerial warfare force of Portugal.", "Portuguese Air Force __knowledge__ Locally, it is referred to by the acronym FAP, but internationally is often referred to by the acronym PoAF.", "Portuguese Air Force __knowledge__ It is the youngest of the three branches of the Portuguese Armed Forces.", "Portuguese Air Force __knowledge__ The Portuguese Air Force was formed on July 1, 1952, when the former \"Aeronáutica Militar\" (Army Aviation) and \"Aviação Naval\" (Naval Aviation) were united and formed an independent air branch of the Armed Forces.", "Portuguese Air Force __knowledge__ However, the remote origins of the FAP go back to the early 20th century, with the establishment of the first military air unit in 1911, of the Military Aeronautics School in 1914, of the participation of Portuguese pilots in the World War I and of establishment of the Army and Navy aviation services.", "U.S. Air Force aeronautical rating __knowledge__ U.S. Air Force aeronautical ratings are military aviation skill standards established and awarded by the United States Air Force for commissioned officers participating in \"regular and frequent flight\", either aerially or in space, in performance of their duties.", "U.S. Air Force aeronautical rating __knowledge__ USAF aeronautical badges, commonly referred to as \"wings\" from their shape and their historical legacy, are awarded by the Air Force in recognition of degrees of achievement and experience.", "U.S. Air Force aeronautical rating __knowledge__ Officers earning these badges and maintaining their requirements are classified as rated officers and receive additional pay and allowances.", "U.S. Air Force aeronautical rating __knowledge__ The first U.S. military aviator ratings were awarded in 1912, and the issuance of badges for recognition of the award began in 1913.", "Steve Fossett __knowledge__ James Stephen \"Steve\" Fossett (April 22, 1944 – c. September 3, 2007) was an American businessman and a record-setting aviator, sailor, and adventurer.", "Steve Fossett __knowledge__ He was the first person to fly solo nonstop around the world in a balloon.", "Steve Fossett __knowledge__ He made his fortune in the financial services industry and was best known for many world records, including five nonstop circumnavigations of the Earth: as a long-distance solo balloonist, as a sailor, and as a solo flight fixed-wing aircraft pilot.", "Steve Fossett __knowledge__ A fellow of the Royal Geographical Society and the Explorers Club, Fossett set more than one hundred records in five different sports, sixty of which still stood at the time of his death." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Aircraft pilot __knowledge__ An aircraft pilot or aviator is a person who controls the flight of an aircraft by operating its directional flight controls.", "Aircraft pilot __knowledge__ While other aircrew members such as navigators or flight engineers are also considered aviators, because they are involved in operating the aircraft's navigation and engine systems.", "Aircraft pilot __knowledge__ Other aircrew members such as flight attendants, mechanics and ground crew, are not classified as aviators.", "Aircraft pilot __knowledge__ In recognition of the pilots' qualifications and responsibilities, most militaries and many airlines worldwide award aviator badges to their pilots, and this includes naval aviators.", "Aircraft pilot __knowledge__ The first recorded use of the term \"aviator\" (\"aviateur\" in French) was in 1887, as a variation of \"aviation\", from the Latin \"avis\" (meaning \"bird\"), coined in 1863 by G. de la Landelle in \"Aviation Ou Navigation Aérienne\" (\"Aviation or Air Navigation\").", "Aircraft pilot __knowledge__ The term aviatrix (\"aviatrice\" in French), now archaic, was formerly used for a female aviator.", "Aircraft pilot __knowledge__ These terms were used more in the early days of aviation, when airplanes were extremely rare, and connoted bravery and adventure.", "Aircraft pilot __knowledge__ For example, a 1905 reference work described the Wright brothers' first airplane: \"The weight, including the body of the aviator, is a little more than 700 pounds\".", "Stripper __knowledge__ A stripper or exotic dancer is a person whose occupation involves performing striptease in a public adult entertainment venue such as a strip club.", "Stripper __knowledge__ At times, a stripper may be hired to perform at a bachelor party or other private event.", "Stripper __knowledge__ Modern Americanized forms of stripping minimize interaction by strippers with customers, reducing the importance of \"tease\" in the performance in favor of speed to undress (\"strip\").", "Stripper __knowledge__ Not every stripper will end a performance completely nude, though full nudity is common where not prohibited by law.", "Stripper __knowledge__ The integration of the burlesque pole as a nearly ubiquitous prop has shifted the emphasis in the performance toward a more acrobatic, explicit expression compared to the slow-developing burlesque style.", "One Life to Live characters (2000s) __knowledge__ A list of notable characters from the ABC soap opera, \"One Life to Live\", that began their run between the beginning of 2000 and the end of 2009.", "One Life to Live characters (2000s) __knowledge__ Kimberly \"Kim\" Andrews (formerly Buchanan; born Aubrey Wentworth) is a fictional character from the ABC Daytime soap opera \"One Life to Live\".", "One Life to Live characters (2000s) __knowledge__ Amanda Setton originated the role on August 14, 2009.", "One Life to Live characters (2000s) __knowledge__ In 2010 she chose not to renew her contract and last appeared on April 2.", "One Life to Live characters (2000s) __knowledge__ Setton reprised the role from August 22, 2011 until December 29, 2011.", "One Life to Live characters (2000s) __knowledge__ Kimberly Andrews is a Las Vegas exotic dancer who arrives in Llanview, Pennsylvania in August 2009 to help her best friend Stacy Morasco.", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that first appeared in the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\" in 2017, by order of first appearance.", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ All characters are introduced by the show's executive producer Sean O'Connor or, from 27 November, his successor as executive consultant, John Yorke.", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ The first character to be introduced was Keegan Baker (Zack Morris), a friend of Shakil Kazemi (Shaheen Jafargholi), followed by Emerald Fox (Doña Croll), the mother of Denise Fox (Diane Parish) and Kim Fox-Hubbard (Tameka Empson).", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ Madison Drake (Seraphina Beh), Alexandra D'Costa (Sydney Craven) and Travis Law-Hughes (Alex James-Phelps), three new teenage characters, were also introduced in January as well as their school teacher Mr Gethin Pryce (Cerith Flinn) and Hugo Browning (Simon Williams), the chairman of Weyland & Co.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ Through his adventures, Fawcett Comics/DC Comics superhero Captain Marvel and his Marvel Family gained a host of enemies, including the following: A Jekyll and Hyde-type who fought Captain Marvel Jr. Based on the Nazi Dictator Adolf Hitler.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ Führer of Nazi Germany, he was a member of the Monster Society of Evil.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ He ordered the creation of Captain Nazi, and caused many plots against America and its superheroes.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ Like his real-life counterpart, he probably committed suicide with his wife when the Allies were advancing to Berlin.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ Only appearing in \"Marvel Family\" #27.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ Created by a scientist who thinks if everyone in the world was like him there would be no war.", "Cutter Wentworth __knowledge__ Cutter Wentworth is a fictional character on the ABC daytime soap opera \"One Life to Live\".", "Cutter Wentworth __knowledge__ He was portrayed by Josh Kelly from December 29, 2010 to December 29, 2011.", "Cutter Wentworth __knowledge__ Kelly reprised the role when new daily episodes of \"OLTL\" began airing on Hulu via The Online Network from April 29, 2013 to August 19, 2013, until the show (along with \"All My Children\") were both put on indefinite hiatus due to Prospect Park's lawsuit against ABC.", "Cutter Wentworth __knowledge__ Kelly was cast in the long-time role of Joey Buchanan, a character that was returning to the show as a permanent contract role after six years.", "Cutter Wentworth __knowledge__ However, producers later decided that Kelly was a better fit for the newly created character Cutter, who, like Joey, would also serve as a love interest for both Terri Conn's Aubrey Wentworth and Gina Tognoni's Kelly Cramer.", "Philipp, Prince of Eulenburg __knowledge__ Philipp Friedrich Alexander, Prince of Eulenburg and Hertefeld, Count von Sandels (12 February 1847 – 17 September 1921) was a diplomat and composer of Imperial Germany who achieved considerable influence as the closest friend of Wilhelm II.", "Philipp, Prince of Eulenburg __knowledge__ He was the central member of the so-called Liebenberg Circle, a group of artistically minded German aristocrats within Wilhelm's entourage.", "Philipp, Prince of Eulenburg __knowledge__ Eulenburg played an important role in the rise of Bernhard von Bülow, but fell from power in 1907 due to the Harden–Eulenburg affair when he was accused of homosexuality.", "Philipp, Prince of Eulenburg __knowledge__ Eulenburg was born at Königsberg, Province of Prussia, the eldest son of Philipp Konrad, Count zu Eulenburg (Königsberg, 24 April 1820 – Berlin, 5 March 1889) and his wife, Baroness Alexandrine von Rothkirch und Panthen (Glogau, 20 June 1824 – Meran, 11 April 1902).", "Strip club __knowledge__ Strip clubs are venues where strippers provide adult entertainment, predominantly in the form of striptease or other erotic or exotic dances.", "Strip club __knowledge__ Strip clubs typically adopt a nightclub or bar style, and can also adopt a theatre or cabaret-style.", "Strip club __knowledge__ American-style strip clubs began to appear outside North America after World War II, arriving in Asia in the late 1940s and Europe in the 1950s, where they competed against the local English and French styles of striptease and erotic performances.", "Strip club __knowledge__ As of 2005, the size of the global strip club industry was estimated to be US$75 billion.", "Strip club __knowledge__ In 2002, the size of the U.S. strip club industry was estimated to be US$3.1 billion, generating 19% of the total gross revenue in legal adult entertainment.", "Flight attendant __knowledge__ Flight attendants or cabin crew (also known as stewards/stewardesses, air hosts/hostesses, cabin attendants) are members of an aircrew employed by airlines primarily to ensure the safety and comfort of passengers aboard commercial flights, on select business jet aircraft, and on some military aircraft.", "Flight attendant __knowledge__ The role of a flight attendant derives from that of similar positions on passenger ships or passenger trains, but it has more direct involvement with passengers because of the confined quarters on aircraft.", "Flight attendant __knowledge__ Additionally, the job of a flight attendant revolves around safety to a much greater extent than those of similar staff on other forms of transportation.", "Air France Flight 8969 __knowledge__ Air France Flight 8969 was an Air France flight that was hijacked on 24 December 1994 by the Armed Islamic Group (AIG) at Houari Boumedienne Airport, Algiers, Algeria, where the terrorists murdered three passengers, with the intention to blow up the plane over the Eiffel Tower in Paris.", "Air France Flight 8969 __knowledge__ When the aircraft reached Marseille, the GIGN, a counter-terror unit of the French National Gendarmerie, stormed the plane and killed all four hijackers.", "Air France Flight 8969 __knowledge__ Algeria was in a state of civil war at the time of the hijacking.", "Air France Flight 8969 __knowledge__ Aircraft flying to Algiers faced the possibility of missile attacks.", "Air France Flight 8969 __knowledge__ As a result, Air France's flights to Algiers had crews entirely made of people who volunteered for the route.", "Hindenburg disaster __knowledge__ The \"Hindenburg\" disaster occurred on May 6, 1937, as the German passenger airship LZ 129 \"Hindenburg\" caught fire and was destroyed during its attempt to dock with its mooring mast at Naval Air Station Lakehurst in Manchester Township, New Jersey, United States.", "Hindenburg disaster __knowledge__ Of the 97 people on board (36 passengers and 61 crewmen), there were 35 fatalities (13 passengers and 22 crewmen).", "Hindenburg disaster __knowledge__ One worker on the ground was also killed, raising the final death toll to 36.", "Hindenburg disaster __knowledge__ The disaster was the subject of spectacular newsreel coverage, photographs, and Herbert Morrison's recorded radio eyewitness reports from the landing field, which were broadcast the next day.", "JetBlue flight attendant incident __knowledge__ The JetBlue flight attendant incident occurred after JetBlue Airlines Flight 1052, from Pittsburgh to New York City on August 9, 2010, had landed at John F. Kennedy International Airport.", "JetBlue flight attendant incident __knowledge__ Steven Slater, a veteran flight attendant announced over the plane's public address system that he had been abused by a passenger and was quitting his job.", "JetBlue flight attendant incident __knowledge__ He then grabbed two beers and exited the plane by deploying the evacuation slide and sliding down it.", "JetBlue flight attendant incident __knowledge__ Slater claimed to have been injured by a passenger when he instructed her to sit down.", "JetBlue flight attendant incident __knowledge__ His account of the event was not corroborated by others.", "JetBlue flight attendant incident __knowledge__ Slater claimed that as JetBlue Flight 1052 taxied to a stop, a passenger stood up too early to retrieve her bag from the overhead compartment.", "RAF Bomber Command aircrew of World War II __knowledge__ The aircrews of RAF Bomber Command during World War II operated a fleet of bomber aircraft carried strategic bombing operations from September 1939 to May 1945, on behalf of the Allied powers.", "RAF Bomber Command aircrew of World War II __knowledge__ The crews were men from the United Kingdom, other Commonwealth countries, and occupied Europe, especially Poland, France, Czechoslovakia and Norway, as well as other foreign volunteers.", "RAF Bomber Command aircrew of World War II __knowledge__ While the majority of Bomber Command personnel were members of the RAF, many belonged to other air forces – especially the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF), Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) and Royal New Zealand Air Force (RNZAF).", "United Airlines Flight 811 __knowledge__ United Airlines Flight 811 was a regularly scheduled airline flight from Los Angeles to Sydney, with intermediate stops at Honolulu, and Auckland.", "United Airlines Flight 811 __knowledge__ On February 24, 1989, the Boeing 747-122 serving the flight experienced a cargo door failure in flight shortly after leaving Honolulu.", "United Airlines Flight 811 __knowledge__ The resulting explosive decompression blew out several rows of seats, resulting in the deaths of nine passengers.", "United Airlines Flight 811 __knowledge__ The aircraft returned to Honolulu, where it landed safely.", "United Airlines Flight 811 __knowledge__ The aircraft involved was a Boeing 747-122 (registration number \"N4713U\").", "United Airlines Flight 811 __knowledge__ It was delivered to United Airlines on November 3, 1970.", "United Airlines Flight 811 __knowledge__ At the time of the incident, the plane had accumulated 58,814 total flight hours, and had not been involved in any previous accident.", "China Airlines Flight 120 __knowledge__ China Airlines Flight 120 (Chinese: 中華航空120號班機事故, Japanese: チャイナエアライン120便炎上事故) was a regularly scheduled flight from Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport in Taoyuan County (now Taoyuan City), Taiwan to Naha Airport in Okinawa, Japan.", "China Airlines Flight 120 __knowledge__ On August 20, 2007, the Boeing 737-800 aircraft operating the flight caught fire and exploded after landing and taxiing to the gate area at Naha Airport.", "China Airlines Flight 120 __knowledge__ Four people (three from the aircraft and one ground crew) sustained injuries in the accident.", "China Airlines Flight 120 __knowledge__ The China Airlines aircraft, registration had been delivered in July 2002.", "China Airlines Flight 120 __knowledge__ Like other Next Generation Boeing 737 aircraft, it was equipped with CFM56-7B26 engines." ] ]

[ 0, 3, 1 ]

[ "Ive been an aircraft pilot for 10 years now and I love my job, are you interested in becoming a pilot? ", "Well you can always be a flight attendant, mechanic or even a ground crew member, They all pay well. ", "I am in full control of the flight of the aircraft at all times by operating its built in directional flight controls. I think its very fun. " ]

[ "Aircraft pilot", "Aircraft pilot", "Aircraft pilot" ]

[ "Milkshake", "I love milkshakes! What are they usually made of?", "That sounds pretty tasty. What would you say the best milkshake is?", "Sweet and savory, I like that. What other interesting facts do you know about milkshakes?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Milkshake __knowledge__ A milkshake is a sweet, cold beverage which is usually made from milk, ice cream, or iced milk, and flavorings or sweeteners such as butterscotch, caramel sauce, chocolate syrup, or fruit syrup.", "Milkshake __knowledge__ Outside the United States, milkshakes using ice cream or iced milk are sometimes called a thick milkshake or thick shake; in New England, the term frappe may be used to differentiate it from thinner forms of flavored milk.", "Milkshake __knowledge__ Full-service restaurants, soda fountains, and diners usually prepare and mix the shake \"by hand\" from scoops of ice cream and milk in a blender or drink mixer using a stainless steel cup.", "Milkshake __knowledge__ Many fast food outlets do not make shakes by hand with ice cream; instead, they make shakes in automatic milkshake machines which freeze and serve a pre-made milkshake mixture consisting of milk, a sweetened flavoring agent, and a thickening agent.", "Milkshake __knowledge__ However, some fast food outlets still follow the traditional method, and some serve milkshakes which are prepared by blending soft-serve ice cream (or ice milk) with flavoring or syrups.", "Milkshake __knowledge__ Milkshakes can also be made at home with a blender or automatic drink mixer.", "Milkshake __knowledge__ A milkshake can also be made by adding powder into fresh milk and stirring the powder into the milk." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Milkshake __knowledge__ A milkshake is a sweet, cold beverage which is usually made from milk, ice cream, or iced milk, and flavorings or sweeteners such as butterscotch, caramel sauce, chocolate syrup, or fruit syrup.", "Milkshake __knowledge__ Outside the United States, milkshakes using ice cream or iced milk are sometimes called a thick milkshake or thick shake; in New England, the term frappe may be used to differentiate it from thinner forms of flavored milk.", "Milkshake __knowledge__ Full-service restaurants, soda fountains, and diners usually prepare and mix the shake \"by hand\" from scoops of ice cream and milk in a blender or drink mixer using a stainless steel cup.", "Milkshake __knowledge__ Many fast food outlets do not make shakes by hand with ice cream; instead, they make shakes in automatic milkshake machines which freeze and serve a pre-made milkshake mixture consisting of milk, a sweetened flavoring agent, and a thickening agent.", "Milkshake __knowledge__ However, some fast food outlets still follow the traditional method, and some serve milkshakes which are prepared by blending soft-serve ice cream (or ice milk) with flavoring or syrups.", "Milkshake __knowledge__ Milkshakes can also be made at home with a blender or automatic drink mixer.", "Milkshake __knowledge__ A milkshake can also be made by adding powder into fresh milk and stirring the powder into the milk.", "List of The Grim Adventures of Billy &amp; Mandy characters __knowledge__ The American animated television series \"The Grim Adventures of Billy & Mandy\" features a cast of fictional characters created by Maxwell Atoms.", "List of The Grim Adventures of Billy &amp; Mandy characters __knowledge__ The series, which originally aired on Cartoon Network from June 13, 2003 to October 12, 2008, follows two children, a dimwitted boy named Billy (voiced by Richard Steven Horvitz) and a remorseless girl named Mandy (voiced by Grey DeLisle).", "List of The Grim Adventures of Billy &amp; Mandy characters __knowledge__ After winning a limbo game to save Billy's pet hamster, the two gain the Grim Reaper (voiced by Greg Eagles) as their best friend for eternity, and come across a variety of supernatural or otherworldly characters and locations throughout the series.", "S.S.D. Calcio San Donà __knowledge__ Società Sportiva Dilettantistica Calcio San Donà (usually referred to as simply San Donà) is an Italian association football club located in San Donà di Piave, Veneto.", "S.S.D. Calcio San Donà __knowledge__ The club was founded on 1922 as \"S.C. Ardita\" and changed its name to \" A.C. San Donà\" in 1945 and \"A.C. Sandonà 1922\" in 2001.", "S.S.D. Calcio San Donà __knowledge__ San Donà played in Serie C2 from 1994–95 to 1998–99, when it was promoted to Serie C1.", "S.S.D. Calcio San Donà __knowledge__ After this spell, the club was relegated back to Serie C2 and, at the end of the 2000–01 season, to Serie D. In the summer of 2001 San Donà sold its sport title to U.S. Città di Jesolo who played in Promozione at the time and was refounded as \"A.C. Sandonà 1922\", taking the place Jesolo in Promozione.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Moonshine by country __knowledge__ Moonshine is a generic term for distilled alcoholic beverages made throughout the globe from indigenous ingredients reflecting the customs, tastes, and raw materials for fermentation available in each region.", "Moonshine by country __knowledge__ The term commonly applies to small-scale production, which is often illegal or tightly regulated in many countries.", "Moonshine by country __knowledge__ Zarbali is a moonshine still, a type of distilled alcoholic beverage supposedly made from fermented raisins.", "Moonshine by country __knowledge__ In Albania, moonshine (Raki) is the primary alcoholic beverage consumed on daily basis.", "Moonshine by country __knowledge__ It is made from different fruits, usually grapes, but also plums, apples, blackberries, and walnuts.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ This history of McDonald's is an overview of the original restaurant and of the chain.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ The McDonald family moved from Manchester, New Hampshire to Hollywood, California in the late 1930s, where brothers Richard and Maurice McDonald began working as set movers and handymen at Motion-Picture studios.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ In 1937, their father Patrick McDonald opened \"The Airdrome\", a food stand, on Huntington Drive (Route 66) near the Monrovia Airport in the Los Angeles County city of Monrovia, California with hot dogs being one of the first items sold.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ Hamburgers were later added to the menu at a cost of ten cents with all-you-can-drink orange juice at five cents.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's Corporation () is the world's largest chain of fast food restaurants, serving around 68 million customers daily in 119 countries.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's traces its origins to a 1940 restaurant in San Bernardino, California.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ After expanding within the United States, McDonald's became an international corporation in 1967, when it opened a location in Richmond, Canada.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ By the end of the 1970s, McDonald's restaurants existed in five of the Earth's seven continents; an African location came in 1992 in Cape Town,South Africa.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ In order to cater to local tastes and culinary traditions, and often in respect of particular laws or religious beliefs, McDonald's offers regionalized versions of its menu among and within different countries.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine comprises a wide variety of regional and traditional cuisines native to the Indian subcontinent.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Given the range of diversity in soil type, climate, culture, ethnic groups, and occupations, these cuisines vary substantially from each other and use locally available spices, herbs, vegetables, and fruits.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian food is also heavily influenced by religion, in particular Hindu, and cultural choices and traditions.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Also, Middle Eastern and Central Asian influences have occurred on North Indian cuisine from the years of Mughal rule.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine is still evolving, as a result of the nation's cultural interactions with other societies.", "Buttermilk koldskål __knowledge__ Buttermilk koldskål (, often simply koldskål – literally \"cold bowl\") is a sweet cold beverage or dessert eaten in Denmark.", "Buttermilk koldskål __knowledge__ Koldskål is made with buttermilk and other varying ingredients: eggs, sugar, cream and/or other dairy products, vanilla, and sometimes lemon.", "Buttermilk koldskål __knowledge__ The dish arose when buttermilk became common in Denmark in the early 1900s and was eaten chilled most days during the summer as a dessert or snack.", "Buttermilk koldskål __knowledge__ Since 1979, there have been ready-made varieties on the Danish market, originally from Esbjerg Dairy, but now from a range of dairies, including Arla.", "Buttermilk koldskål __knowledge__ The earliest mentions of koldskål are from the 1700s, where the term was used to describe a sweet beer-based gruel, however this dish is not commonly eaten any more.", "Milkshake (song) __knowledge__ \"Milkshake\" is a song by American recording artist Kelis and the lead single from her third studio album, \"Tasty\".", "Milkshake (song) __knowledge__ It was originally offered to Britney Spears for her fourth studio album \"In the Zone\", but was rejected for unknown reasons.", "Milkshake (song) __knowledge__ The song was released in the United States on August 27, 2003, by Star Trak and Arista Records, and internationally on November 24.", "Milkshake (song) __knowledge__ It was written and produced by The Neptunes, a duo that had made the majority of Kelis' songs in the past.", "Milkshake (song) __knowledge__ According to Kelis, \"milkshake\" in the song is used as a metaphor for \"something that makes women special.\"", "Milkshake (song) __knowledge__ The song is noted for its euphemistic chorus and low beat R&B sound.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ This is a list of \"Strawberry Shortcake\" characters.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ There are (at this writing) four distinct continuities in which Strawberry Shortcake's adventures take place: The original, 1980s version, the 2003 reboot, the 2009/2010 reboot and the upcoming 2018 reboot.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Many of Strawberry Shortcake's friends appear in more than one continuity, and their appearance and/or characterization can vary greatly between versions.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Distinct traits will be noted in each of the circas in which a character happens to appear.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Strawberry Shortcake is the protagonist and the title character of \"The World of Strawberry Shortcake\" franchise.", "Keurig __knowledge__ Keurig is a beverage brewing system for home and commercial use.", "Keurig __knowledge__ It is manufactured by the American company Keurig Green Mountain, which is headquartered in Waterbury, Vermont.", "Keurig __knowledge__ The main Keurig products are: K-Cup pods, which are single-serve coffee containers; other beverage pods; and the proprietary machines that brew the beverages in these pods.", "Keurig __knowledge__ Keurig beverage varieties include hot and cold coffees, teas, cocoas, dairy-based beverages, lemonades, cider, and fruit-based drinks.", "Keurig __knowledge__ Through its own brands and its partnership licensed brands, Keurig has over 400 different varieties and over 60 brands of coffee and other beverages.", "Haitian cuisine __knowledge__ Haitian cuisine consists of cooking traditions and practices from Haiti.", "Haitian cuisine __knowledge__ It is a \"Creole\" cuisine, that originates from a blend of several culinary styles that populated the western portion of the island of Hispaniola, namely the French, African, Taíno natives, and Spanish influence.", "Haitian cuisine __knowledge__ Haitian cuisine, comparable to that of \"criollo\" (Spanish for \"creole\") cooking and similar to the rest of the Latin Caribbean, but differs in several ways from its regional counterparts.", "Haitian cuisine __knowledge__ While the cuisine is unpretentious and simple, the flavors are of a bold and spicy nature that demonstrate a primary influence of African culinary aesthetic, paired with a very French sophistication with notable derivatives coming from native Taíno and Spanish techniques." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Milkshake __knowledge__ A milkshake is a sweet, cold beverage which is usually made from milk, ice cream, or iced milk, and flavorings or sweeteners such as butterscotch, caramel sauce, chocolate syrup, or fruit syrup.", "Milkshake __knowledge__ Outside the United States, milkshakes using ice cream or iced milk are sometimes called a thick milkshake or thick shake; in New England, the term frappe may be used to differentiate it from thinner forms of flavored milk.", "Milkshake __knowledge__ Full-service restaurants, soda fountains, and diners usually prepare and mix the shake \"by hand\" from scoops of ice cream and milk in a blender or drink mixer using a stainless steel cup.", "Milkshake __knowledge__ Many fast food outlets do not make shakes by hand with ice cream; instead, they make shakes in automatic milkshake machines which freeze and serve a pre-made milkshake mixture consisting of milk, a sweetened flavoring agent, and a thickening agent.", "Milkshake __knowledge__ However, some fast food outlets still follow the traditional method, and some serve milkshakes which are prepared by blending soft-serve ice cream (or ice milk) with flavoring or syrups.", "Milkshake __knowledge__ Milkshakes can also be made at home with a blender or automatic drink mixer.", "Milkshake __knowledge__ A milkshake can also be made by adding powder into fresh milk and stirring the powder into the milk.", "Milkshake (song) __knowledge__ \"Milkshake\" is a song by American recording artist Kelis and the lead single from her third studio album, \"Tasty\".", "Milkshake (song) __knowledge__ It was originally offered to Britney Spears for her fourth studio album \"In the Zone\", but was rejected for unknown reasons.", "Milkshake (song) __knowledge__ The song was released in the United States on August 27, 2003, by Star Trak and Arista Records, and internationally on November 24.", "Milkshake (song) __knowledge__ It was written and produced by The Neptunes, a duo that had made the majority of Kelis' songs in the past.", "Milkshake (song) __knowledge__ According to Kelis, \"milkshake\" in the song is used as a metaphor for \"something that makes women special.\"", "Milkshake (song) __knowledge__ The song is noted for its euphemistic chorus and low beat R&B sound.", "Tasty (Kelis album) __knowledge__ Tasty is the third studio album by American singer Kelis.", "Tasty (Kelis album) __knowledge__ It was released on December 5, 2003, by Star Trak Entertainment and Arista Records.", "Tasty (Kelis album) __knowledge__ As executive producer, Kelis enlisted previous collaborators The Neptunes to produce the album, as well as new collaborators such as Raphael Saadiq, Dallas Austin, André 3000, Rockwilder, and Dame Blackmon \"Grease\".", "Tasty (Kelis album) __knowledge__ It also features guest vocals from Saadiq, André 3000, and then-boyfriend Nas.", "Tasty (Kelis album) __knowledge__ The album was met with positive reviews from critics, who praised its originality and viewed it as an improvement on Kelis' previous albums, \"Kaleidoscope\" (1999) and \"Wanderland\" (2001).", "Kelis __knowledge__ Kelis Rogers (; born August 21, 1979), better known mononymously as Kelis, is an American singer, songwriter and chef.", "Kelis __knowledge__ Kelis achieved moderate international success with her 1999 debut album, \"Kaleidoscope\", but left her label Virgin Records after its follow-up, \"Wanderland\" (2001), received little sales attention and no U.S. release.", "Kelis __knowledge__ Her third album, 2003's \"Tasty\", earned the singer commercial prominence and produced the hit single \"Milkshake\", her most well-known song.", "Kelis __knowledge__ \"Kelis Was Here\" (2006), her fourth album, was the subject of further label disputes and she took a hiatus from music after its release, during which she trained at Le Cordon Bleu culinary school.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants Inc. is an American video game developer founded in 1994 by special-effects and computer-animation veterans Sherry McKenna and Lorne Lanning.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The company is primarily known for the incomplete \"Oddworld Quintology\", a series of award-winning video games about the fictional planet of Oddworld and its native creatures.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The series debuted with \"\" in 1997 and continued with \"\" in 2001 but the studio has also developed standalone titles \"\" in 1998 and \"\" in 2005.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants took a break from game development for a time following the release of \"Stranger's Wrath\", even though it had already begun preliminary work on its next Oddworld title, \"The Brutal Ballad of Fangus Klot\".", "Trick Me __knowledge__ \"Trick Me\" is a song by American singer Kelis from her third studio album, \"Tasty\" (2003).", "Trick Me __knowledge__ It was written and produced by Dallas Austin.", "Trick Me __knowledge__ The song was released as the album's second single on February 17, 2004.", "Trick Me __knowledge__ \"Trick Me\" was not released in the United States as her American label, Arista, folded after the release of \"Tasty\", and she was transferred to Jive.", "Trick Me __knowledge__ In Europe, she was still on the same label, Virgin.", "Trick Me __knowledge__ The song received praise from critics.", "Trick Me __knowledge__ Internationally, \"Trick Me\" achieved similar chart success to that of \"Milkshake\".", "Trick Me __knowledge__ The single topped the charts in Hungary and Romania, and peaked inside the top five in the United Kingdom, New Zealand, and Australia, among other countries.", "Robert John Pinsent (judge) __knowledge__ Sir Robert John Pinsent (July 27, 1834 – April 28, 1893) was a lawyer, judge and political figure in Newfoundland.", "Robert John Pinsent (judge) __knowledge__ He represented Port de Grave in the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly from 1867 to 1869.", "Robert John Pinsent (judge) __knowledge__ He was born in Port de Grave, the son of Robert John Pinsent and Louisa Broom.", "Robert John Pinsent (judge) __knowledge__ Pinsent was educated in Harbour Grace, then studied law with Bryan Robinson and was admitted to the bar in 1856.", "Robert John Pinsent (judge) __knowledge__ He was named to the Legislative Council in 1859.", "Robert John Pinsent (judge) __knowledge__ In 1865, he was named Queen's Counsel.", "Robert John Pinsent (judge) __knowledge__ Pinsent was first elected to the Newfoundland assembly in an 1867 by-election.", "Robert John Pinsent (judge) __knowledge__ Originally elected without any party affiliations, he was defeated when he ran for reelection in 1869 as a supporter of union with Canada.", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ Coffee drinks are made by brewing hot water (or much less commonly, cold water) with ground coffee beans.", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ The brewing is either done slowly by drip or filter, French press or \"cafetière\", percolator, etc., or done very quickly under pressure by an espresso machine, where the coffee is termed \"espresso\"—slow-brewed coffees are generally regarded simply as \"coffee\".", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ All coffee drinks are based on either coffee or espresso, in different strengths; some drinks have milk or cream added, some use steamed milk, cream, plant based milk, or foamed milk, some have flavorings or sweeteners, some have alcoholic liqueurs added, some are combinations of coffee with espresso or tea.", "Iced coffee __knowledge__ Iced coffee is cold coffee with ice.", "Iced coffee __knowledge__ The iced latte and iced mocha are examples.", "Iced coffee __knowledge__ There are various brewing methods, with the fundamental division being cold brew – brewing the coffee cold, yielding different flavor, but not requiring cooling – or brewing hot and then cooling, generally by simply pouring over ice or into ice cold milk.", "Iced coffee __knowledge__ In case of hot brewing this can be normally brewed coffee (drip, press pot, etc.", "Iced coffee __knowledge__ ), or espresso.", "Iced coffee __knowledge__ Also in hot brewing, sweeteners and flavorings are often mixed into the hot coffee before cooling, due to faster dissolution in hot water.", "Iced coffee __knowledge__ Alternatively, syrup (sugar pre-dissolved in water) may be used, particularly gum syrup.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Ice cream (derived from earlier iced cream or cream ice) is a sweetened frozen food typically eaten as a snack or dessert.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ It is usually made from dairy products, such as milk and cream, and often combined with fruits or other ingredients and flavors.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ It is typically sweetened with sugar or sugar substitutes.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Typically, flavourings and colourings are added in addition to stabilizers.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ The mixture is stirred to incorporate air spaces and cooled below the freezing point of water to prevent detectable ice crystals from forming.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ The result is a smooth, semi-solid foam that is solid at very low temperatures (< ).", "Hong Kong-style milk tea __knowledge__ Hong Kong-style milk tea is a tea drink made from black tea and milk (usually evaporated milk or condensed milk).", "Hong Kong-style milk tea __knowledge__ It is usually part of lunch in Hong Kong tea culture.", "Hong Kong-style milk tea __knowledge__ Although originating from Hong Kong, it is found overseas in restaurants serving Hong Kong cuisine and Hong Kong-style western cuisine.", "Hong Kong-style milk tea __knowledge__ In the show \"Top Eat 100\" aired on 4 February 2012, Hong Kong-style milk tea is ranked number 4 in Hong Kong cuisines.", "Hong Kong-style milk tea __knowledge__ Hong Kongers consume a total of 900 million glasses/cups a year.", "Hong Kong-style milk tea __knowledge__ Hong Kong-style milk tea originates from British colonial rule over Hong Kong.", "Hong Kong-style milk tea __knowledge__ The British practice of afternoon tea, where black tea is served with milk and sugar, grew popular in Hong Kong.", "List of ice cream varieties by country __knowledge__ This article is about the ice cream varieties around the world.", "List of ice cream varieties by country __knowledge__ While industrial ice cream exists in Argentina and can be found in supermarkets, restaurants or kiosks, and ice cream pops are sold on some streets and at the beaches, the most traditional Argentine \"helado\" (ice cream) is very similar to Italian gelato, rather than US-style ice cream, and it has become one of the most popular desserts in the country.", "List of ice cream varieties by country __knowledge__ Among the most famous manufacturers are \"Freddo,\" \"Persicco,\" \"Chungo\", \"Cremolatti\" and \"Munchi's,\" all of them located in Buenos Aires.", "List of ice cream varieties by country __knowledge__ Each city has its own \"heladerías\" (ice cream parlours) which offer different varieties of creamy and water-based ice creams, including both standard and regional flavours.", "Turkey Hill (company) __knowledge__ Turkey Hill Dairy, or simply known as Turkey Hill, is an American brand of iced tea, ice cream and other beverages and frozen desserts distributed throughout the United States and internationally.", "Turkey Hill (company) __knowledge__ The company, which is headquartered in Conestoga, Pennsylvania, has been owned by Kroger since 1985.", "Turkey Hill (company) __knowledge__ The company is operated independently from Turkey Hill Minit Markets, a chain of more than 260 gas station convenience stores that carry Turkey Hill products in Pennsylvania, Ohio and Indiana.", "Turkey Hill (company) __knowledge__ In 2011, Turkey Hill opened The Turkey Hill Experience, a attraction based in Columbia, Pennsylvania that pays homage to Turkey Hill’s history while highlighting its ice cream and iced tea-making processes." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Milkshake __knowledge__ A milkshake is a sweet, cold beverage which is usually made from milk, ice cream, or iced milk, and flavorings or sweeteners such as butterscotch, caramel sauce, chocolate syrup, or fruit syrup.", "Milkshake __knowledge__ Outside the United States, milkshakes using ice cream or iced milk are sometimes called a thick milkshake or thick shake; in New England, the term frappe may be used to differentiate it from thinner forms of flavored milk.", "Milkshake __knowledge__ Full-service restaurants, soda fountains, and diners usually prepare and mix the shake \"by hand\" from scoops of ice cream and milk in a blender or drink mixer using a stainless steel cup.", "Milkshake __knowledge__ Many fast food outlets do not make shakes by hand with ice cream; instead, they make shakes in automatic milkshake machines which freeze and serve a pre-made milkshake mixture consisting of milk, a sweetened flavoring agent, and a thickening agent.", "Milkshake __knowledge__ However, some fast food outlets still follow the traditional method, and some serve milkshakes which are prepared by blending soft-serve ice cream (or ice milk) with flavoring or syrups.", "Milkshake __knowledge__ Milkshakes can also be made at home with a blender or automatic drink mixer.", "Milkshake __knowledge__ A milkshake can also be made by adding powder into fresh milk and stirring the powder into the milk.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Taste __knowledge__ Taste, gustatory perception, or gustation is one of the five traditional senses that belongs to the gustatory system.", "Taste __knowledge__ Taste is the sensation produced when a substance in the mouth reacts chemically with taste receptor cells located on taste buds in the oral cavity, mostly on the tongue.", "Taste __knowledge__ Taste, along with smell (olfaction) and trigeminal nerve stimulation (registering texture, pain, and temperature), determines flavors of food or other substances.", "Taste __knowledge__ Humans have taste receptors on taste buds (gustatory calyculi) and other areas including the upper surface of the tongue and the epiglottis.", "Taste __knowledge__ The gustatory cortex is responsible for the perception of taste.", "Allan Savory __knowledge__ Clifford Allan Redin Savory (born 15 September 1935) is a Zimbabwean ecologist, livestock farmer, environmentalist, and president and co-founder of the Savory Institute.", "Allan Savory __knowledge__ He originated holistic management, a systems thinking approach to managing resources.", "Allan Savory __knowledge__ Savory advocates using bunched and moving livestock to what he claims mimics nature, as a means to heal the environment, stating \"\"only\" livestock can reverse desertification.", "Allan Savory __knowledge__ There is no other known tool available to humans with which to address desertification that is contributing not only to climate change but also to much of the poverty, emigration, violence, etc.", "Weed Lake Wetland __knowledge__ Weed Lake is a local wetland area located outside of Langdon, Alberta.", "Weed Lake Wetland __knowledge__ It is the home to many natural wildlife including several species of birds and fish.", "Weed Lake Wetland __knowledge__ Weed Lake is located about 20 kilometres east of Calgary, immediately north east of the hamlet of Langdon, Alberta.", "Weed Lake Wetland __knowledge__ It is a 600 hectare wetland regionally important as waterfowl habitat.", "Weed Lake Wetland __knowledge__ In 1971 the original lake was drained for agricultural purposes but starting in 2006 construction commenced to restore the lake and it is now a fully functioning healthy wetland ecosystem.", "Weed Lake Wetland __knowledge__ Organizations involved in acquiring the land and restoring the lake were led by Ducks Unlimited and include the Calgary Field Naturalists’ Society.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ Filipino cuisine (Filipino: \"Lutuing Filipino\" or \"Pagkaing Filipino\") is composed of the cuisines of 135 distinct ethno-linguistic tribes found within the Philippine archipelago, however, majority of mainstream Filipino dishes that compose Filipino cuisine are from the cuisines of the Bikol, Chabakano, Hiligaynon, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Meranaw, Pangasinan, Sebwano (or Bisaya), Tagalog, and Waray ethno-linguistic tribes.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ The style of cooking and the food associated with it have evolved over many centuries from their Austronesian origins (shared with Malaysian and Indonesian cuisines) to a mixed cuisine of Indian, Chinese, Spanish, and American influences, in line with the major waves of influence that had enriched the cultures of the archipelago, as well as others adapted to indigenous ingredients and the local palate.", "Michael Caine __knowledge__ Sir Michael Caine, (; born Maurice Joseph Micklewhite Jr., 14 March 1933) is an English actor, producer, and author.", "Michael Caine __knowledge__ Renowned for his distinctive working class cockney accent, Caine has appeared in over 115 films and is regarded as a British film icon.", "Michael Caine __knowledge__ He made his breakthrough in the 1960s with starring roles in British films, including \"Zulu\" (1964), \"The Ipcress File\" (1965), \"Alfie\" (1966), for which he was nominated for an Academy Award, \"The Italian Job\" (1969), and \"Battle of Britain\" (1969).", "Michael Caine __knowledge__ His most notable roles in the 1970s included \"Get Carter\" (1971), \"The\" \"Last\" \"Valley\" (1971), \"Sleuth\" (1972), for which he earned his second Academy Award nomination, \"The Man Who Would Be King\" (1975), and \"A Bridge Too Far\" (1977).", "Butterscotch __knowledge__ Butterscotch is a type of confectionery whose primary ingredients are brown sugar and butter, but other ingredients are part of some recipes, such as corn syrup, cream, vanilla and salt.", "Butterscotch __knowledge__ The earliest known recipes, in mid-19th century Yorkshire, used treacle (molasses) in place of or in addition to sugar.", "Butterscotch __knowledge__ Butterscotch is similar to toffee, but for butterscotch, the sugar is boiled to the soft crack stage, not hard crack as with toffee.", "Butterscotch __knowledge__ Often credited with their invention, Parkinson's of Doncaster made butterscotch boiled sweets and sold them in tins, which became one of the town's best known exports.", "Butterscotch (performer) __knowledge__ Antoinette Clinton (born September 29, 1985), known by her stage name Butterscotch, is an American beatboxer/singer/pianist.", "Butterscotch (performer) __knowledge__ Butterscotch learned to play the piano at an early age as her mother was a piano teacher.", "Butterscotch (performer) __knowledge__ Her siblings all played the piano plus one other instrument trumpet, cello, trombone, clarinet; Clinton had access to all these instruments.", "Butterscotch (performer) __knowledge__ As Butterscotch grew older, she was exposed to beat boxing by her high school friends, and was inspired to learn the skill, adopting the stage name \"Butterscotch\" which originated from a song Antoinette had wrote in high school.", "Butterscotch (performer) __knowledge__ She attended the Natomas Charter School's Performing and Fine Arts Academy in Sacramento, California, where she focused on music.", "Leslie Butterscotch __knowledge__ Andrew Dinsmore is an American retired professional wrestler best known as: Leslie Butterscotch, and for his time in the wrestling promotion Chikara.", "Leslie Butterscotch __knowledge__ During his time in Chikara, he performed as Hydra and was part of The Order of the Neo-Solar Temple and The Sea Donsters.", "Leslie Butterscotch __knowledge__ Hydra made his debut for Chikara, as a \"rudo\" on 13 November 2005 at an event at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.", "Leslie Butterscotch __knowledge__ He was featured in a match teaming with UltraMantis Black, Icarus and Dr. Cheung in a winning effort against Angel de Fuego, Lance Steel, Lance Steel and Mister ZERO.", "Leslie Butterscotch __knowledge__ He would become UltraMantis Black's protégé however Black shortly became inactive.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ The chocolate industry in the Philippines evidences the agricultural roots of the Philippine society.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ The growing of cacao or cocoa boasts a long history stretching from the colonial times.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ Originating from Mesoamerican forests, cacao was first introduced by the Spanish colonizers four centuries ago.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ Since then the Philippine cocoa industry has been the primary producer of cocoa beans in the Southeast Asia.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ There are many areas of production of cacao in the Philippines, owing to its agriculture.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ The chocolate industry is currently on a small to medium scale.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ The word “chocolate” as we know it today was spelled in different ways throughout time, in different ways such as “chocalatall,” “jocolatte,” “jacolatte,” and “chockelet.” It is a derivative of the word \"cacahuatl\" or \"xocoatl\", a bitter drink the Aztecs brewed from cacao beans mixed with spices, wine, and other local ingredients that can be traced back to Pre-Columbian Mexico.", "List of BoJack Horseman characters __knowledge__ \"BoJack Horseman\" is an American adult animated sitcom created by Raphael Bob-Waksberg.", "List of BoJack Horseman characters __knowledge__ The series stars Will Arnett as the title character, BoJack Horseman.", "List of BoJack Horseman characters __knowledge__ The supporting cast includes Amy Sedaris, Alison Brie, Paul F. Tompkins, and Aaron Paul.", "List of BoJack Horseman characters __knowledge__ The series' first season premiered on August 22, 2014, on Netflix, with a Christmas special premiering on December 19.", "List of BoJack Horseman characters __knowledge__ The show is designed by the cartoonist Lisa Hanawalt, who had previously worked with Bob-Waksberg on the webcomic \"Tip Me Over, Pour Me Out\".", "List of BoJack Horseman characters __knowledge__ BoJack Horseman (voiced by Will Arnett) is a self-loathing 52-year-old alcoholic horse whose acting career peaked when he starred in a successful family sitcom called \"Horsin' Around\" in the late 1980s.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Chocolate is a typically sweet, usually brown food preparation of \"Theobroma cacao\" seeds, roasted and ground.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ It is made in the form of a liquid, paste, or in a block, or used as a flavoring ingredient in other foods.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Cacao has been cultivated by many cultures for at least three millennia in Mesoamerica.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The earliest evidence of use traces to the Olmecs (Mexico), with evidence of chocolate beverages dating back to 1900 BCE.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ In fact, the majority of Mesoamerican people made chocolate beverages, including the Maya and Aztecs, who made it into a beverage known as \"xocolātl\" , a Nahuatl word meaning \"bitter water\".", "Chocolate chip __knowledge__ Chocolate chips are small chunks of sweetened chocolate, used as an ingredient in a number of desserts (notably chocolate chip cookies and muffins), in trail mix and less commonly in some breakfast foods such as pancakes.", "Chocolate chip __knowledge__ They are often manufactured as \"teardrop\"-shaped volumes with flat circular bases; another variety of chocolate chips have the shape of rectangular or square blocks.", "Chocolate chip __knowledge__ They are available in various sizes, usually less than in diameter.", "Chocolate chip __knowledge__ Chocolate chips were created with the invention of chocolate chip cookies in 1937 when Ruth Graves Wakefield of the Toll House Inn in the town of Whitman, Massachusetts added cut-up chunks of a semi-sweet Nestlé chocolate bar to a cookie recipe." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 2 ]

[ "Milkshake is a sweet cold beverage", "Milk,ice cream or iced milk, flavorings", "Butterscotch and chocolate ", "Milkshake are also called thick shake" ]

[ "Milkshake", "Milkshake", "Milkshake", "Milkshake" ]

[ "Graphic design\nDo you know anything about graphic design? I've always been interested in it but don't know where to start.", "What kind of skills or training make a good graphic designer?", "Cool! I like to think I'm creative! Do you mostly use a computer, or hand drawing.. or??", "Wow... Babylonians.. I didn't know graphic design had been around for that long! Do you have any other fun facts?", "Haha, wow! Greeks and Babylonians... you're going way back! Do you have any info thats a little more modern?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Graphic design __knowledge__ Graphic design is the process of visual communication and problem-solving using one or more of typography, photography and illustration.", "Graphic design __knowledge__ The field is considered a subset of visual communication and communication design, but sometimes the term \"graphic design\" is used synonymously.", "Graphic design __knowledge__ Graphic designers create and combine symbols, images and text to form visual representations of ideas and messages.", "Graphic design __knowledge__ They use typography, visual arts and page layout techniques to create visual compositions.", "Graphic design __knowledge__ Common uses of graphic design include corporate design (logos and branding), editorial design (magazines, newspapers and books), wayfinding or environmental design, advertising, web design, communication design, product packaging and signage.", "Graphic design __knowledge__ The term graphic design was coined by William Addison Dwiggins in 1922.", "Graphic design __knowledge__ However, the origins of graphic design can be traced from the origins of human existence, from the caves of Lascaux, to Rome's Trajan's Column to the illuminated manuscripts of the Middle Ages, to the neon lights of Ginza, Tokyo.", "Graphic design __knowledge__ In \"Babylon, artisans pressed cuneiform inscriptions into clay bricks or tablets which were used for construction.", "Graphic design __knowledge__ The bricks gave information such as the name of the reigning monarch, the builder, or some other dignitary\".", "Ico-D __knowledge__ The International Council of Design (ico-D; formerly known as International Council of Communication Design or Icograda, which was formerly an initialism for International Council of Graphic Design Associations) is a world organisation for design professionals.", "Ico-D __knowledge__ ico-D was founded in London in 1963 and celebrated its 50th anniversary on 27 April 2013.", "Ico-D __knowledge__ It is a non-profit, non-partisan organisation and a \"member-based network of independent organisations and stakeholders working within the multidisciplinary scope of design.\"", "Ico-D __knowledge__ ico-D members include professional design organisations, design promotion bodies, design media, design education institutions and individuals with a vested interest in professional design.", "History of graphic design __knowledge__ Graphics (from Greek , \"graphikos\") are visual statements committed to a surface, such as a wall, a canvas, pottery, a computer screen, paper, stone, even to the landscape itself.", "History of graphic design __knowledge__ The term \"graphics\" relates to the creation of signs, charts, logos, graphs, drawings, line art, symbols, geometric designs and so on.", "History of graphic design __knowledge__ Graphic design is the art or profession of combining text, pictures, and ideas in advertisements, publications, or websites.", "History of graphic design __knowledge__ In its broadest definition, therefore, it refers to the whole history of art, although painting and other aspects of the subject are more usually treated as art history.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "You Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ \"You Don't Know Anything\" is a song by American indie rock band Ivy.", "You Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ It was released by Atlantic Records on April 29, 1999 as the fourth and final single from their second studio album, \"Apartment Life\" (1997).", "You Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ The single was made available exclusively in Europe and featured the same two B-sides as previous single, \"This Is the Day\", which had been released by 550 Music in Austria.", "You Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ The track was written by Dominique Durand, Adam Schlesinger and Andy Chase while production was handled by the latter two and Peter Nashel.", "You Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ Released alongside \"This Is the Day\", \"You Don't Know Anything\" received promotion by Atlantic Records after the former track was included on the soundtrack for the 1998 film, \"There's Something About Mary\".", "Michael Bierut __knowledge__ Michael Bierut (born 1957) is a graphic designer, design critic and educator who designed the logo for Hillary Clinton's 2016 presidential campaign.", "Michael Bierut __knowledge__ Bierut was born in Cleveland, Ohio.", "Michael Bierut __knowledge__ He studied graphic design at the University of Cincinnati's College of Design, Architecture, Art and Planning.", "Michael Bierut __knowledge__ Bierut was vice president of graphic design at Vignelli Associates.", "Michael Bierut __knowledge__ Since 1990 he has been a partner in the New York office of Pentagram.", "Michael Bierut __knowledge__ According to his Pentagram online biography: Bierut \"is responsible for leading a team of graphic designers who create identity design, environmental graphic design and editorial design solutions." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Graphic design __knowledge__ Graphic design is the process of visual communication and problem-solving using one or more of typography, photography and illustration.", "Graphic design __knowledge__ The field is considered a subset of visual communication and communication design, but sometimes the term \"graphic design\" is used synonymously.", "Graphic design __knowledge__ Graphic designers create and combine symbols, images and text to form visual representations of ideas and messages.", "Graphic design __knowledge__ They use typography, visual arts and page layout techniques to create visual compositions.", "Graphic design __knowledge__ Common uses of graphic design include corporate design (logos and branding), editorial design (magazines, newspapers and books), wayfinding or environmental design, advertising, web design, communication design, product packaging and signage.", "Graphic design __knowledge__ The term graphic design was coined by William Addison Dwiggins in 1922.", "Graphic design __knowledge__ However, the origins of graphic design can be traced from the origins of human existence, from the caves of Lascaux, to Rome's Trajan's Column to the illuminated manuscripts of the Middle Ages, to the neon lights of Ginza, Tokyo.", "Graphic design __knowledge__ In \"Babylon, artisans pressed cuneiform inscriptions into clay bricks or tablets which were used for construction.", "Graphic design __knowledge__ The bricks gave information such as the name of the reigning monarch, the builder, or some other dignitary\".", "Air pollution in the United States __knowledge__ Air pollution is the introduction of chemicals, particulate matter, or biological materials that cause harm or discomfort to humans or other living organisms, or damages the natural environment into the atmosphere.", "Air pollution in the United States __knowledge__ Ever since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution in the United States, America has had much trouble with environmental issues, air pollution in particular.", "Air pollution in the United States __knowledge__ According to a 2009 report, around \"60 percent of Americans live in areas where air pollution has reached unhealthy levels that can make people sick\".", "Air pollution in the United States __knowledge__ Pollution in the United States has plummeted in the recent decade, with pollutants such as nitrogen dioxide decreasing despite the fact the number of vehicles on the road isn't.", "Ico-D __knowledge__ The International Council of Design (ico-D; formerly known as International Council of Communication Design or Icograda, which was formerly an initialism for International Council of Graphic Design Associations) is a world organisation for design professionals.", "Ico-D __knowledge__ ico-D was founded in London in 1963 and celebrated its 50th anniversary on 27 April 2013.", "Ico-D __knowledge__ It is a non-profit, non-partisan organisation and a \"member-based network of independent organisations and stakeholders working within the multidisciplinary scope of design.\"", "Ico-D __knowledge__ ico-D members include professional design organisations, design promotion bodies, design media, design education institutions and individuals with a vested interest in professional design.", "Environmental issues in Pristina __knowledge__ Pristina is the capital and the most populated city of Kosovo.", "Environmental issues in Pristina __knowledge__ It is also considered as the most polluted city in Kosovo.", "Environmental issues in Pristina __knowledge__ Basic reason for Pristina’s air pollution is coal mining and energy emitted by the single producer of energy, Kosovo Energy Corporation J.S.C.", "Environmental issues in Pristina __knowledge__ KEK operates through two power plants, Kosovo A and B located 5 km near Pristina.", "Environmental issues in Pristina __knowledge__ Furthermore, the diesel-spitting car traffic highly contributes to the pollution of air, along with the wood and coal household heating system and central coal-heating company \"Termokos\" that operates in Pristina.", "Environmental issues in Pristina __knowledge__ Main sources of air pollution in Pristina are: Air in Pristina is polluted mainly from: NO The main nitrogen oxide found in air in Pristina is nitrogen oxide NO2.", "George Maciunas __knowledge__ George Maciunas (; ; November 8, 1931 – May 9, 1978) was a Lithuanian American artist.", "George Maciunas __knowledge__ He was a founding member and the central coordinator of Fluxus, an international community of artists, architects, composers, and designers.", "George Maciunas __knowledge__ Other leading members brought together by this movement included Ay-O, Joseph Beuys, George Brecht, Dick Higgins, Yoko Ono, Nam June Paik, and Wolf Vostell.", "George Maciunas __knowledge__ He is most famous for organising and performing early happenings and for assembling a series of highly influential artists' multiples.", "George Maciunas __knowledge__ His father, Alexander M. Maciunas, was a Lithuanian architect and engineer who had trained in Berlin, and his mother, Leokadija, was a Russian-born dancer from Tiflis affiliated with the Lithuanian National Opera and, later, Aleksandr Kerensky's private secretary, helping him complete his memoirs.", "Graphic design occupations __knowledge__ A number of occupations are classified under the broad term of \"graphic designer\".", "Graphic design occupations __knowledge__ Graphic design career paths cover all ends of the creative spectrum.", "Graphic design occupations __knowledge__ Many of these job descriptions overlap heavily.", "Graphic design occupations __knowledge__ The following are positions or responsibilities and usually titles, held by experienced graphic designers in related management roles: A Creative Director's range of experience can be broad and encompass a number of disciplines; visual design; copywriting, art direction, advertising account director, film/video director.", "Graphic design occupations __knowledge__ A Creative Directors job is to initiate the creative concept of a project and drive the direction of the project.", "Louis Danziger __knowledge__ Louis (Lou) Danziger (born November 17, 1923) is an American graphic designer and design educator.", "Louis Danziger __knowledge__ He is most strongly associated with the late modern movement in graphic design, and with a community of designers from various disciplines working in Southern California in the mid-twentieth century.", "Louis Danziger __knowledge__ He is noted for his iconoclastic approach to design, and for introducing the principles of European constructivism to the American advertising vernacular.", "Louis Danziger __knowledge__ In 1998, Danziger was awarded the AIGA Gold Medal for “standards of excellence over a lifetime of work.” Louis Danziger was born in Brooklyn, New York, in 1923, to Dora (Sheck) Danziger and Harry Danziger, a carpenter and cabinet maker.", "Visual communication __knowledge__ Visual communication is communication through a visual aid and is described as the conveyance of ideas and information in forms that can be read or looked upon.", "Visual communication __knowledge__ Visual communication in part or whole relies on vision, and is primarily presented or expressed with two-dimensional images, it includes signs, typography, drawing, graphic design, illustration, industrial design, advertising, animation colour and electronic resources.", "Visual communication __knowledge__ It also explores the idea that a visual message accompanying text has a greater power to inform, educate, or persuade a person or audience to make an impact.", "Visual communication __knowledge__ Visual communication is carried out through visual aids.", "Graphic communication __knowledge__ Graphic communication as the name suggests is communication using graphic elements.", "Graphic communication __knowledge__ These elements include symbols such as glyphs and icons, images such as drawings and photographs, and can include the passive contributions of substrate, color and surroundings.", "Graphic communication __knowledge__ It is the process of creating, producing, and distributing material incorporating words and images to convey data, concepts, and emotions.", "Graphic communication __knowledge__ The field of graphic communications encompasses all phases of the graphic communications processes from origination of the idea (design, layout, and typography) through reproduction, finishing and distribution of two- or three-dimensional products or electronic transmission.", "Visual rhetoric __knowledge__ Visual rhetoric is the fairly recent development of a theoretical framework describing how visual images communicate meaning, as opposed to aural, verbal, or other messages.", "Visual rhetoric __knowledge__ Visual rhetoric generally falls under a group of terms, which all encompass visual literacy.", "Visual rhetoric __knowledge__ Purdue OWL defines visual literacy as one's ability to \"read\" an image.", "Visual rhetoric __knowledge__ In other words, it is one's ability to understand what an image is attempting to communicate.", "Visual rhetoric __knowledge__ This includes understanding creative choices made with the image such as coloring, shading, and object placement.", "Visual rhetoric __knowledge__ This type of awareness comes from an understanding how images communicate meaning, also known as visual rhetoric.", "Lizard communication __knowledge__ Lizards are a diverse group of reptiles—there are nearly 4500 different lizard species, excluding snakes.", "Lizard communication __knowledge__ They come in all shapes, sizes, and colors, and also vary widely in many aspects of their behavior, such as how they reproduce and forage for food.", "Lizard communication __knowledge__ In addition to this extraordinary diversity in physical and behavioral characteristics, lizards have evolved many interesting ways to communicate.", "Lizard communication __knowledge__ Lizards rely on many different sensory systems, including the visual, olfactory, and auditory systems.", "Lizard communication __knowledge__ As these sensory systems have become more sophisticated, lizards have developed different modes of communication that incorporate these sensory systems, including visual, chemical, tactile, and vocal communication.", "Form and document creation __knowledge__ Form and Document Creation is one of the things that technical communicators do as part of creating deliverables for their companies or clients.", "Form and document creation __knowledge__ Document design is: \"the field of theory and practice aimed at creating comprehensible, persuasive and usable functional documents\".", "Form and document creation __knowledge__ These forms and documents can have many different purposes such as collecting or providing information.", "Form and document creation __knowledge__ Eva Brumberger, an instructor in the professional writing program at Virginia Tech, surveyed professional writers about the nature of their work in order to evaluate what student writers are taught before entering the work force.", "Visual language __knowledge__ The visual language is a system of communication using visual elements.", "Visual language __knowledge__ Speech as a means of communication cannot strictly be separated from the whole of human communicative activity which includes the visual and the term 'language' in relation to vision is an extension of its use to describe the perception, comprehension and production of visible signs.", "Visual language __knowledge__ An image which dramatizes and communicates an idea presupposes the use of a visual language.", "Visual language __knowledge__ Just as people can 'verbalize' their thinking, they can 'visualize' it.", "Visual language __knowledge__ A diagram, a map, and a painting are all examples of uses of visual language.", "Visual language __knowledge__ Its structural units include line, shape, colour, form, motion, texture, pattern, direction, orientation, scale, angle, space and proportion." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Graphic design __knowledge__ Graphic design is the process of visual communication and problem-solving using one or more of typography, photography and illustration.", "Graphic design __knowledge__ The field is considered a subset of visual communication and communication design, but sometimes the term \"graphic design\" is used synonymously.", "Graphic design __knowledge__ Graphic designers create and combine symbols, images and text to form visual representations of ideas and messages.", "Graphic design __knowledge__ They use typography, visual arts and page layout techniques to create visual compositions.", "Graphic design __knowledge__ Common uses of graphic design include corporate design (logos and branding), editorial design (magazines, newspapers and books), wayfinding or environmental design, advertising, web design, communication design, product packaging and signage.", "Graphic design __knowledge__ The term graphic design was coined by William Addison Dwiggins in 1922.", "Graphic design __knowledge__ However, the origins of graphic design can be traced from the origins of human existence, from the caves of Lascaux, to Rome's Trajan's Column to the illuminated manuscripts of the Middle Ages, to the neon lights of Ginza, Tokyo.", "Graphic design __knowledge__ In \"Babylon, artisans pressed cuneiform inscriptions into clay bricks or tablets which were used for construction.", "Graphic design __knowledge__ The bricks gave information such as the name of the reigning monarch, the builder, or some other dignitary\".", "2D computer graphics __knowledge__ 2D computer graphics is the computer-based generation of digital images—mostly from two-dimensional models (such as 2D geometric models, text, and digital images) and by techniques specific to them.", "2D computer graphics __knowledge__ The word may stand for the branch of computer science that comprises such techniques, or for the models themselves.", "2D computer graphics __knowledge__ 2D computer graphics are mainly used in applications that were originally developed upon traditional printing and drawing technologies, such as typography, cartography, technical drawing, advertising, etc.", "2D computer graphics __knowledge__ In those applications, the two-dimensional image is not just a representation of a real-world object, but an independent artifact with added semantic value; two-dimensional models are therefore preferred, because they give more direct control of the image than 3D computer graphics (whose approach is more akin to photography than to typography).", "Engraving __knowledge__ Engraving is the practice of incising a design onto a hard, usually flat surface by cutting grooves into it.", "Engraving __knowledge__ The result may be a decorated object in itself, as when silver, gold, steel, or glass are engraved, or may provide an intaglio printing plate, of copper or another metal, for printing images on paper as prints or illustrations; these images are also called \"engravings\".", "Engraving __knowledge__ Wood engraving is a form of relief printing and is not covered in this article.", "Engraving __knowledge__ Engraving was a historically important method of producing images on paper in artistic printmaking, in mapmaking, and also for commercial reproductions and illustrations for books and magazines.", "History of personal computers __knowledge__ The history of the personal computer as a mass-market consumer electronic device began with the microcomputer revolution of the 1980s.", "History of personal computers __knowledge__ The 1981 launch of the IBM Personal Computer coined both the term \"Personal Computer\" and \"PC\".", "History of personal computers __knowledge__ A personal computer is one intended for interactive individual use, as opposed to a mainframe computer where the end user's requests are filtered through operating staff, or a time-sharing system in which one large processor is shared by many individuals.", "History of personal computers __knowledge__ After the development of the microprocessor, individual personal computers were low enough in cost that they eventually became affordable consumer goods.", "Storyboard __knowledge__ A storyboard is a graphic organizer in the form of illustrations or images displayed in sequence for the purpose of pre-visualizing a motion picture, animation, motion graphic or interactive media sequence.", "Storyboard __knowledge__ The storyboarding process, in the form it is known today, was developed at Walt Disney Productions during the early 1930s, after several years of similar processes being in use at Walt Disney and other animation studios.", "Storyboard __knowledge__ Many large budget silent films were storyboarded, but most of this material has been lost during the reduction of the studio archives during the 1970s and 1980s.", "Storyboard __knowledge__ Special effects pioneer Georges Méliès is known to have been among the first filmmakers to use storyboards and pre-production art to visualize planned effects.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ SpongeBob SquarePants is an American animated television series created by marine biologist and animator Stephen Hillenburg for Nickelodeon.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ The series chronicles the adventures and endeavors of the title character and his various friends in the fictional underwater city of Bikini Bottom.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ The series' popularity has made it a media franchise, as well as the highest rated series to ever air on Nickelodeon, and the most distributed property of MTV Networks.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ As of late 2017, the media franchise has generated $13 billion in merchandising revenue for Nickelodeon.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ Many of the ideas for the series originated in an unpublished educational comic book titled \"The Intertidal Zone\", which Hillenburg created in 1989.", "Digital rights management __knowledge__ Digital rights management (DRM) is a set of access control technologies for restricting the use of proprietary hardware and copyrighted works.", "Digital rights management __knowledge__ DRM technologies try to control the use, modification, and distribution of copyrighted works (such as software and multimedia content), as well as systems within devices that enforce these policies.", "Digital rights management __knowledge__ The use of digital rights management is not universally accepted.", "Digital rights management __knowledge__ Proponents of DRM argue that it is necessary to prevent intellectual property from being copied freely, just as physical locks are needed to prevent personal property from being stolen, that it can help the copyright holder maintain artistic control, and that it can ensure continued revenue streams.", "Dash Shaw __knowledge__ Dash Shaw is a U.S. comic book writer/artist and animator.", "Dash Shaw __knowledge__ He is the author of the graphic novels \"Cosplayers,\" \"Doctors, New School, and\" \"Bottomless Belly Button,\" published by Fantagraphics.", "Dash Shaw __knowledge__ Additionally, Shaw has written \"Love Eats Brains\" published by Odd God Press, \"GardenHead\" published by Meathaus, \"The Mother's Mouth\" published by Alternative Comics, and \"BodyWorld\" published by Pantheon Books.", "Dash Shaw __knowledge__ Shaw's comic short stories have appeared in many different anthologies, newspapers and magazines.", "Dash Shaw __knowledge__ His square-sized short stories were collected in the 2005 book \"GoddessHead\" published by Hidden Agenda Press.", "Creativity __knowledge__ Creativity is a phenomenon whereby something new and somehow valuable is formed.", "Creativity __knowledge__ The created item may be intangible (such as an idea, a scientific theory, a musical composition, or a joke) or a physical object (such as an invention, a literary work, or a painting).", "Creativity __knowledge__ Scholarly interest in creativity involves many definitions and concepts pertaining to a number of disciplines: engineering, psychology, cognitive science, education, philosophy (particularly philosophy of science), technology, theology, sociology, linguistics, business studies, songwriting, and economics, covering the relations between creativity and general intelligence, mental and neurological processes, personality type and creative ability, creativity and mental health; the potential for fostering creativity through education and training, especially as augmented by technology; the maximization of creativity for national economic benefit, and the application of creative resources to improve the effectiveness of teaching and learning.", "Computational creativity __knowledge__ Computational creativity (also known as artificial creativity, mechanical creativity, creative computing or creative computation) is a multidisciplinary endeavour that is located at the intersection of the fields of artificial intelligence, cognitive psychology, philosophy, and the arts.", "Computational creativity __knowledge__ The goal of computational creativity is to model, simulate or replicate creativity using a computer, to achieve one of several ends: The field of computational creativity concerns itself with theoretical and practical issues in the study of creativity.", "Computational creativity __knowledge__ Theoretical work on the nature and proper definition of creativity is performed in parallel with practical work on the implementation of systems that exhibit creativity, with one strand of work informing the other.", "Renzo Rosso __knowledge__ Renzo Rosso (born 15 September 1955) is an Italian fashion entrepreneur.", "Renzo Rosso __knowledge__ Referred to as the \"Jeans Genius\" by Suzy Menkes, he is the President of OTB Group, the parent company of Diesel, Maison Margiela, Marni, Paula Cademartori, Viktor & Rolf, Staff International (manufacturer and distributor of DSquared², Just Cavalli, Maison Margiela, Marni and Vivienne Westwood), and Brave Kid (manufacturer and distributor of Diesel Kid, Dsquared², John Galliano Kids, Marni and Trussardi Junior).", "Renzo Rosso __knowledge__ Founder of the Only The Brave Foundation, a not-for-profit organization, Rosso is also the President of Red Circle investments; the Diesel Farm in Marostica, Veneto; the Pelican Hotel in Miami; and Bassano Virtus 55 S.T., the professional soccer club of his hometown Bassano del Grappa, Veneto.", "Creative director __knowledge__ A creative director is a position often found within the graphic design, film, music, video game, fashion, advertising, media, or entertainment industries, but may be useful in other creative organizations such as web development and software development firms as well.", "Creative director __knowledge__ A creative director is a vital role in all of the arts and entertainment industries.", "Creative director __knowledge__ In another sense, they can be seen as another element in any product development process.", "Creative director __knowledge__ The creative director may also assume the roles of an art director, copywriter, or lead designer.", "Creative director __knowledge__ The responsibilities of a creative director include leading the communication design, interactive design, and concept forward in any work assigned.", "Jianghanichthys __knowledge__ Jianghanichthys is an extinct genus of Cypriniformes fish.", "Jianghanichthys __knowledge__ It is also known as Osteohilus or Chan Han Fish.", "Jianghanichthys __knowledge__ There are still disagreements as to the scientific classification, name and age of this species.", "Jianghanichthys __knowledge__ However the body shape of \"Jianghanichthys \"differs from that of all \"Amyzon\" species.", "Jianghanichthys __knowledge__ It has been suggested that the family †Jianghanichthyidae, which is the most basal family of the Cypriniformes, be raised to house this species.", "Jianghanichthys __knowledge__ The genus name \"Jianghanichthys\" derives from \"Jianghan\", the place where it's found, and \"ichthys\" derives from the Greek word for 'fish'.", "Jianghanichthys __knowledge__ These fishes lived in the Palaeocene epoch (55 Ma to 65 Ma).", "Creativity and mental illness __knowledge__ The concept of a link between creativity and mental illness has been extensively discussed and studied by psychologists and other researchers for centuries.", "Creativity and mental illness __knowledge__ Parallels can be drawn to connect creativity to major mental disorders including: bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, major depressive disorder, anxiety disorder, and ADHD.", "Creativity and mental illness __knowledge__ For example, studies have demonstrated correlations between creative occupations and people living with mental illness.", "Creativity and mental illness __knowledge__ There are cases that support the idea that mental illness can aid in creativity, but it is also generally agreed that mental illness does not have to be present for creativity to exist.", "Innovation leadership __knowledge__ Innovation leadership is a philosophy and technique that combines different leadership styles to influence employees to produce creative ideas, products, and services.", "Innovation leadership __knowledge__ The key role in the practice of innovation leadership is the innovation leader.", "Innovation leadership __knowledge__ Dr. David Gliddon (2006) developed the competency model of innovation leaders and established the concept of innovation leadership at Penn State University.", "Innovation leadership __knowledge__ As an approach to organization development, innovation leadership can support achievement of the mission or the vision of an organization or group.", "Innovation leadership __knowledge__ With new technologies and processes, it is necessary for organizations to think innovatively to ensure continued success and stay competitive." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Graphic design __knowledge__ Graphic design is the process of visual communication and problem-solving using one or more of typography, photography and illustration.", "Graphic design __knowledge__ The field is considered a subset of visual communication and communication design, but sometimes the term \"graphic design\" is used synonymously.", "Graphic design __knowledge__ Graphic designers create and combine symbols, images and text to form visual representations of ideas and messages.", "Graphic design __knowledge__ They use typography, visual arts and page layout techniques to create visual compositions.", "Graphic design __knowledge__ Common uses of graphic design include corporate design (logos and branding), editorial design (magazines, newspapers and books), wayfinding or environmental design, advertising, web design, communication design, product packaging and signage.", "Graphic design __knowledge__ The term graphic design was coined by William Addison Dwiggins in 1922.", "Graphic design __knowledge__ However, the origins of graphic design can be traced from the origins of human existence, from the caves of Lascaux, to Rome's Trajan's Column to the illuminated manuscripts of the Middle Ages, to the neon lights of Ginza, Tokyo.", "Graphic design __knowledge__ In \"Babylon, artisans pressed cuneiform inscriptions into clay bricks or tablets which were used for construction.", "Graphic design __knowledge__ The bricks gave information such as the name of the reigning monarch, the builder, or some other dignitary\".", "Ico-D __knowledge__ The International Council of Design (ico-D; formerly known as International Council of Communication Design or Icograda, which was formerly an initialism for International Council of Graphic Design Associations) is a world organisation for design professionals.", "Ico-D __knowledge__ ico-D was founded in London in 1963 and celebrated its 50th anniversary on 27 April 2013.", "Ico-D __knowledge__ It is a non-profit, non-partisan organisation and a \"member-based network of independent organisations and stakeholders working within the multidisciplinary scope of design.\"", "Ico-D __knowledge__ ico-D members include professional design organisations, design promotion bodies, design media, design education institutions and individuals with a vested interest in professional design.", "List of David Letterman sketches __knowledge__ CBS's Late Show with David Letterman regularly featured different sketches that follow the monologue and precede interviews with guests.", "List of David Letterman sketches __knowledge__ Often these are repeated absurdist segments, involving various cast members, Dave's friends, audience participation, edited or contrived news or promotional videos, or competitions or stunts staged outside the Ed Sullivan Theater.", "List of David Letterman sketches __knowledge__ Many of the same sketches originally debuted on Letterman's previous series, NBC's \"Late Night with David Letterman\" and \"The David Letterman Show\".", "List of David Letterman sketches __knowledge__ The show's regularly scheduled segments consisted of \"Small Town News\" on Mondays and \"Fun Facts\" on Fridays.", "History of graphic design __knowledge__ Graphics (from Greek , \"graphikos\") are visual statements committed to a surface, such as a wall, a canvas, pottery, a computer screen, paper, stone, even to the landscape itself.", "History of graphic design __knowledge__ The term \"graphics\" relates to the creation of signs, charts, logos, graphs, drawings, line art, symbols, geometric designs and so on.", "History of graphic design __knowledge__ Graphic design is the art or profession of combining text, pictures, and ideas in advertisements, publications, or websites.", "History of graphic design __knowledge__ In its broadest definition, therefore, it refers to the whole history of art, although painting and other aspects of the subject are more usually treated as art history.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring games, sketches, and other comedy routines from the NBC late night talk show \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\", and its predecessor, \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The sketches feature host Jimmy Fallon, house band The Roots, announcer/sidekick Steve Higgins, the show's writers, celebrity guests, and audience members.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Most of the skits below appeared only on \"Late Night\", while some have carried over to the \"Tonight Show\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Every Tuesday on the show, Jimmy weighs the pros and cons of a topic that's currently in the news, with the pros being the setups and the cons being the punchlines.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Starstruck (comics) __knowledge__ Starstruck is an American comic book series.", "Starstruck (comics) __knowledge__ It was inspired by the off-Broadway stage play with the same name written by Elaine Lee, with contributions from Susan Norfleet Lee and Dale Place.", "Starstruck (comics) __knowledge__ The \"Starstruck\" creator-owned illustrated science fiction serial has been produced at various intervals since 1982 by writer Lee and artist Michael Wm.", "Starstruck (comics) __knowledge__ Kaluta; their primary collaborators are colorist Lee Moyer and letterer Todd Klein.", "Starstruck (comics) __knowledge__ The series, epic in scope, has been carried across multiple comic companies, but primarily by Epic Comics, Dark Horse Comics, and IDW Publishing.", "Starstruck (comics) __knowledge__ It was collected in a revised and recolored hardcover book form as \"Starstruck Deluxe Edition\" in 2011.", "Babylonian mathematics __knowledge__ Babylonian mathematics (also known as \"Assyro-Babylonian mathematics\") was any mathematics developed or practiced by the people of Mesopotamia, from the days of the early Sumerians to the fall of Babylon in 539 BC.", "Babylonian mathematics __knowledge__ Babylonian mathematical texts are plentiful and well edited.", "Babylonian mathematics __knowledge__ In respect of time they fall in two distinct groups: one from the Old Babylonian period (1830–1531 BC), the other mainly Seleucid from the last three or four centuries BC.", "Babylonian mathematics __knowledge__ In respect of content there is scarcely any difference between the two groups of texts.", "Babylonian mathematics __knowledge__ Babylonian mathematics remained constant, in character and content, for nearly two millennia.", "Cuneiform script __knowledge__ Cuneiform script, one of the earliest systems of writing, was invented by the Sumerians.", "Cuneiform script __knowledge__ It is distinguished by its wedge-shaped marks on clay tablets, made by means of a blunt reed for a stylus.", "Cuneiform script __knowledge__ The name \"cuneiform\" itself simply means \"wedge shaped\".", "Cuneiform script __knowledge__ Emerging in Sumer in the late fourth millennium BC to convey the Sumerian language, which was a language isolate (the Uruk IV period), cuneiform writing began as a system of pictograms, stemming from an earlier system of shaped tokens used for accounting.", "Cuneiform script __knowledge__ In the third millennium, the pictorial representations became simplified and more abstract as the number of characters in use grew smaller (Hittite cuneiform).", "Old Assyrian Empire __knowledge__ The Old Assyrian Empire is one of four periods in which the history of Assyria is divided, the other three being: the Early Assyrian Period, the Middle Assyrian Period and the New Assyrian Period.", "Old Assyrian Empire __knowledge__ Assyria was a major Mesopotamian Semitic languages-speaking kingdom and empire of the ancient Near East.", "Old Assyrian Empire __knowledge__ Centered on the Tigris-Euphrates River System in Upper Mesopotamia, the Assyrian people came to rule powerful empires at several times.", "Old Assyrian Empire __knowledge__ Making up a substantial part of the \"Cradle of Civilization\", which included Sumer, the Akkadian Empire, and Babylonia, Assyria was at the height of technological, scientific and cultural achievements at its peak.", "Urartu __knowledge__ Urartu (), also known as Kingdom of Van (Urartian: '; ; Assyrian: '; Babylonian: \"Urashtu\"), was an Iron Age kingdom centred on Lake Van in the Armenian Highlands.", "Urartu __knowledge__ It corresponds to the biblical \"Kingdom of Ararat\".", "Urartu __knowledge__ Strictly speaking, \"Urartu\" is the Assyrian term for a geographical region, while \"kingdom of Urartu\" or \"Biainili lands\" are terms used in modern historiography for the Urartian-speaking Iron Age state that arose in that region.", "Urartu __knowledge__ The language appears in cuneiform inscriptions.", "Urartu __knowledge__ It is argued on linguistic evidence that proto-Armenian came in contact with Urartian at an early date (3rd-2nd millennium BC), before the formation of Urartu as a kingdom.", "Babylonia __knowledge__ Babylonia was an ancient Akkadian-speaking state and cultural area based in central-southern Mesopotamia (present-day Iraq).", "Babylonia __knowledge__ A small Amorite-ruled state emerged in 1894 BC, which contained the minor administrative town of Babylon.", "Babylonia __knowledge__ It was a merely a small provincial town during the Akkadian Empire (2335–2154 BC) but greatly expanded during the reign of Hammurabi in the first half of the 18th century BC and became a major capital city.", "Babylonia __knowledge__ During the reign of Hammurabi and afterwards, Babylonia was called \"the country of Akkad\" (\"Māt Akkadī\" in Akkadian).", "Babylonia __knowledge__ It was often involved in rivalry with the older state of Assyria to the north and Elam to the east in Ancient Iran.", "Assyriology __knowledge__ Assyriology (from Greek , \"Assyriā\"; and , \"-logia\") is the archaeological, historical, and linguistic study of not just Assyria, but the entirety of ancient Mesopotamia (a region encompassing what is today modern Iraq, north eastern Syria, south eastern Turkey, and north western and south western Iran) and of related cultures that used cuneiform writing.", "Assyriology __knowledge__ The field covers Sumer, the early Sumero-Akkadian city-states, the Akkadian Empire, Ebla, the Akkadian and Imperial Aramaic speaking states of Assyria, Babylonia and the Sealand Dynasty, the migrant foreign dynasties of southern Mesopotamia, including; the Gutians, Amorites, Kassites, Arameans, Suteans and Chaldeans, and to some degree post-imperial Achaemenid Assyria, Athura, Seleucid Syria, Assyria (Roman province), and Assuristan, together with later Neo-Assyrian states such as Adiabene, Osroene, Hatra, Beth Nuhadra and Beth Garmai, up until the Arab invasion and Islamic conquest of the mid 7th century AD.", "Sumerian language __knowledge__ Sumerian ( \"native tongue\") is the language of ancient Sumer and a language isolate that was spoken in southern Mesopotamia (modern-day Iraq).", "Sumerian language __knowledge__ During the 3rd millennium BC, an intimate cultural symbiosis developed between the Sumerians and the Akkadians, which included widespread bilingualism.", "Sumerian language __knowledge__ The influence of Sumerian and the East Semitic language Akkadian on each other is evident in all areas, from lexical borrowing on a substantial scale, to syntactic, morphological, and phonological convergence.", "Sumerian language __knowledge__ This has prompted scholars to refer to Sumerian and Akkadian in the third millennium BC as a \"Sprachbund\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Graphic design __knowledge__ Graphic design is the process of visual communication and problem-solving using one or more of typography, photography and illustration.", "Graphic design __knowledge__ The field is considered a subset of visual communication and communication design, but sometimes the term \"graphic design\" is used synonymously.", "Graphic design __knowledge__ Graphic designers create and combine symbols, images and text to form visual representations of ideas and messages.", "Graphic design __knowledge__ They use typography, visual arts and page layout techniques to create visual compositions.", "Graphic design __knowledge__ Common uses of graphic design include corporate design (logos and branding), editorial design (magazines, newspapers and books), wayfinding or environmental design, advertising, web design, communication design, product packaging and signage.", "Graphic design __knowledge__ The term graphic design was coined by William Addison Dwiggins in 1922.", "Graphic design __knowledge__ However, the origins of graphic design can be traced from the origins of human existence, from the caves of Lascaux, to Rome's Trajan's Column to the illuminated manuscripts of the Middle Ages, to the neon lights of Ginza, Tokyo.", "Graphic design __knowledge__ In \"Babylon, artisans pressed cuneiform inscriptions into clay bricks or tablets which were used for construction.", "Graphic design __knowledge__ The bricks gave information such as the name of the reigning monarch, the builder, or some other dignitary\".", "Thales of Miletus __knowledge__ Thales of Miletus (; , \"Thalēs\"; 624 – c. 546 BC) was a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher, mathematician, and astronomer from Miletus in Asia Minor (present-day Milet in Turkey).", "Thales of Miletus __knowledge__ He was one of the Seven Sages of Greece.", "Thales of Miletus __knowledge__ Many, most notably Aristotle, regarded him as the first philosopher in the Greek tradition, and he is otherwise historically recognized as the first individual in Western civilization known to have entertained and engaged in scientific philosophy.", "Thales of Miletus __knowledge__ Thales is recognized for breaking from the use of mythology to explain the world and the universe, and instead explaining natural objects and phenomena by theories and hypotheses, i.e.", "Babylonia __knowledge__ Babylonia was an ancient Akkadian-speaking state and cultural area based in central-southern Mesopotamia (present-day Iraq).", "Babylonia __knowledge__ A small Amorite-ruled state emerged in 1894 BC, which contained the minor administrative town of Babylon.", "Babylonia __knowledge__ It was a merely a small provincial town during the Akkadian Empire (2335–2154 BC) but greatly expanded during the reign of Hammurabi in the first half of the 18th century BC and became a major capital city.", "Babylonia __knowledge__ During the reign of Hammurabi and afterwards, Babylonia was called \"the country of Akkad\" (\"Māt Akkadī\" in Akkadian).", "Babylonia __knowledge__ It was often involved in rivalry with the older state of Assyria to the north and Elam to the east in Ancient Iran.", "Timeline of the Assyrian Empire __knowledge__ The timeline of the Assyrian Empire lists the kings, their successors and the major events that occurred in the Assyrian history.", "Timeline of the Assyrian Empire __knowledge__ Although regarded as an Amorite by Assyrian tradition, Shamshi-Adad's descent is suggested to be from the same line as the native Assyrian ruler Ushpia by the Assyrian King List.", "Timeline of the Assyrian Empire __knowledge__ He put his son Ishme-Dagan on the throne of a nearby Assyrian city, Ekallatum, and maintained Assyria's Anatolian colonies.", "Timeline of the Assyrian Empire __knowledge__ Shamshi-Adad I then went on to conquer the kingdom of Mari (in modern Syria) on the Euphrates putting another of his sons, Yasmah-Adad on the throne there.", "Timeline of the Assyrian Empire __knowledge__ He also incorporated the hitherto nominally independent city of Shemshara into Assyria proper during this time.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Ha Dong-hoon (; born on August 20, 1979), better known by his stage name Haha (), is a South Korean singer, variety show host and member of Skull & Haha.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He is best known for being in the sitcom, \"Nonstop\" and for co-hosting two popular variety programs, MBC's \"Infinite Challenge\" and SBS's \"Running Man\".", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He has also hosted his own show, titled \"Ya Man TV\" on Mnet in 2015.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Haha was born on August 20, 1979 in Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, West Germany and moved to Seoul, South Korea when he was an infant.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ His parents are both Korean, with his mother holding a doctorate in psychology, and he has an older sister, Ha Juri () who is a pianist, also with a doctorate.", "Babylonian mathematics __knowledge__ Babylonian mathematics (also known as \"Assyro-Babylonian mathematics\") was any mathematics developed or practiced by the people of Mesopotamia, from the days of the early Sumerians to the fall of Babylon in 539 BC.", "Babylonian mathematics __knowledge__ Babylonian mathematical texts are plentiful and well edited.", "Babylonian mathematics __knowledge__ In respect of time they fall in two distinct groups: one from the Old Babylonian period (1830–1531 BC), the other mainly Seleucid from the last three or four centuries BC.", "Babylonian mathematics __knowledge__ In respect of content there is scarcely any difference between the two groups of texts.", "Babylonian mathematics __knowledge__ Babylonian mathematics remained constant, in character and content, for nearly two millennia.", "Planet __knowledge__ A planet is an astronomical body orbiting a star or stellar remnant that The term \"planet\" is ancient, with ties to history, astrology, science, mythology, and religion.", "Planet __knowledge__ Several planets in the Solar System can be seen with the naked eye.", "Planet __knowledge__ These were regarded by many early cultures as divine, or as emissaries of deities.", "Planet __knowledge__ As scientific knowledge advanced, human perception of the planets changed, incorporating a number of disparate objects.", "Planet __knowledge__ In 2006, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) officially adopted a resolution defining planets within the Solar System.", "Planet __knowledge__ This definition is controversial because it excludes many objects of planetary mass based on where or what they orbit.", "Chaldea __knowledge__ Chaldea () or Chaldaea was a Semitic-speaking nation which existed between the late 10th or early 9th and mid-6th centuries BC, after which it and its people were absorbed and assimilated into Babylonia.", "Chaldea __knowledge__ It was located in the marshy land of the far southeastern corner of Mesopotamia and briefly came to rule Babylon.", "Chaldea __knowledge__ During a period of weakness in the East Semitic speaking kingdom of Babylonia, new tribes of West Semitic-speaking migrants arrived in the region from the Levant between the 11th and 9th centuries BC.", "Chaldea __knowledge__ The earliest waves consisted of Suteans and Arameans, followed a century or so later by the \"Kaldu\", a group who became known later as the \"Chaldeans\" or the \"Chaldees\".", "History of graphic design __knowledge__ Graphics (from Greek , \"graphikos\") are visual statements committed to a surface, such as a wall, a canvas, pottery, a computer screen, paper, stone, even to the landscape itself.", "History of graphic design __knowledge__ The term \"graphics\" relates to the creation of signs, charts, logos, graphs, drawings, line art, symbols, geometric designs and so on.", "History of graphic design __knowledge__ Graphic design is the art or profession of combining text, pictures, and ideas in advertisements, publications, or websites.", "History of graphic design __knowledge__ In its broadest definition, therefore, it refers to the whole history of art, although painting and other aspects of the subject are more usually treated as art history.", "Graphics __knowledge__ Graphics (from Greek \"graphikos\", \"belonging to drawing\") are visual images or designs on some surface, such as a wall, canvas, screen, paper, or stone to inform, illustrate, or entertain.", "Graphics __knowledge__ In contemporary usage it includes: a pictorial representation of data, as in computer-aided design and manufacture, in typesetting and the graphic arts, and in educational and recreational software.", "Graphics __knowledge__ Images that are generated by a computer are called computer graphics.", "Graphics __knowledge__ Examples are photographs, drawings, Line art, graphs, diagrams, typography, numbers, symbols, geometric designs, maps, engineering drawings, or other images.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Christian theology is the theology of Christian belief and practice.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Such study concentrates primarily upon the texts of the Old Testament and of the New Testament, as well as on Christian tradition.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Christian theologians use biblical exegesis, rational analysis and argument.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Theologians may undertake Christian theology in order: or for a variety of other reasons.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Systematic theology as a discipline of Christian theology formulates an orderly, rational and coherent account of Christian faith and beliefs.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Systematic theology draws on the foundational sacred texts of Christianity, while simultaneously investigating the development of Christian doctrine over the course of history, particularly through philosophical evolution.", "2D computer graphics __knowledge__ 2D computer graphics is the computer-based generation of digital images—mostly from two-dimensional models (such as 2D geometric models, text, and digital images) and by techniques specific to them.", "2D computer graphics __knowledge__ The word may stand for the branch of computer science that comprises such techniques, or for the models themselves.", "2D computer graphics __knowledge__ 2D computer graphics are mainly used in applications that were originally developed upon traditional printing and drawing technologies, such as typography, cartography, technical drawing, advertising, etc.", "2D computer graphics __knowledge__ In those applications, the two-dimensional image is not just a representation of a real-world object, but an independent artifact with added semantic value; two-dimensional models are therefore preferred, because they give more direct control of the image than 3D computer graphics (whose approach is more akin to photography than to typography).", "Rhema (doctrine) __knowledge__ In Christianity, the Greek word rhema is useful to distinguish between two meanings of \"word\".", "Rhema (doctrine) __knowledge__ While both rhema and logos are translated into the English \"word\", in the original Greek there was a substantial distinction.", "Rhema (doctrine) __knowledge__ In some Charismatic Christianity groups advocating Five-Fold Ministry (including the Pentecostal Movement, Apostolic-Prophetic Movement and Word of Faith Movement) the use of the term rhema has special significance.", "Rhema (doctrine) __knowledge__ Some Christians, such as Apostolic-Prophetic Movement Christian minister and author Bill Hamon, put forward the position that rhema are a process within Christian epistemology.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christianity is a Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the life, teachings, and miracles of Jesus of Nazareth, known by Christians as the Christ, or \"Messiah\", who is the focal point of the Christian faiths.", "Christianity __knowledge__ It is the world's largest religion, with over 2.4 billion followers, or 33% of the global population, known as Christians.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christians make up a majority of the population in 158 countries and territories.", "Christianity __knowledge__ They believe that Jesus is the Son of God and the savior of humanity whose coming as the Messiah (the Christ) was prophesied in the Old Testament.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christianity has played a prominent role in the shaping of Western civilization.", "Computer graphics __knowledge__ Computer graphics are pictures and films created using computers.", "Computer graphics __knowledge__ Usually, the term refers to computer-generated image data created with help from specialized graphical hardware and software.", "Computer graphics __knowledge__ It is a vast and recent area in computer science.", "Computer graphics __knowledge__ The phrase was coined in 1960, by computer graphics researchers Verne Hudson and William Fetter of Boeing.", "Computer graphics __knowledge__ It is often abbreviated as CG, though sometimes erroneously referred to as computer-generated imagery (CGI).", "Computer graphics __knowledge__ Some topics in computer graphics include user interface design, sprite graphics, vector graphics, 3D modeling, shaders, GPU design, implicit surface visualization with ray tracing, and computer vision, among others." ] ]

[ 1, 33, 8, 18, 71 ]

[ "I know it is the process of visual communication using images ", "Creativity! A Creative director for example will oversee the creativity concept from start to finish", "Anything works. The Babylonians used bricks with cuneiform inscriptions in them. ", "Yes - Graphics comes from the Greek word graphikos, which means visual statements", "For sure, nowadays computer graphics are important for making films and pictures" ]

[ "Graphic design", "Graphic design", "Graphic design", "Graphic design", "Graphic design" ]

[ "Taylor Swift", "I'm not really a fan though. Ever since she switched from being a country singer to a pop singer her music has gone downhill. ", "I don't know. I think songs that a have personal touch can be really powerful, but all of hers around the same thing: boys.", "Really? I could have sworn that she was from Canada.", "I did know that. She's put out a lot of albums through that label" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ Taylor Alison Swift (born December 13, 1989) is an American singer-songwriter.", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ One of the leading contemporary recording artists, she is known for narrative songs about her personal life, which have received widespread media coverage.", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ Born and raised in Pennsylvania, Swift moved to Nashville, Tennessee at the age of 14 to pursue a career in country music.", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ She signed with the label Big Machine Records and became the youngest artist ever signed by the Sony/ATV Music publishing house.", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ Her self-titled debut album in 2006 peaked at number five on the \"Billboard\" 200 and spent the most weeks on the chart in the 2000s.", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ The album's third single, \"Our Song\", made her the youngest person to single-handedly write and perform a number-one song on the Hot Country Songs chart.", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ Swift's second album, \"Fearless\", was released in 2008.", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ Buoyed by the success of pop crossover singles \"Love Story\" and \"You Belong with Me\", \"Fearless\" became the best-selling album of 2009 in the United States.", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ The album won four Grammy Awards, with Swift becoming the youngest Album of the Year winner.", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ Swift was the sole writer of her 2010 album, \"Speak Now\".", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ It debuted at number one in the United States and the single \"Mean\" won two Grammy Awards." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ Taylor Alison Swift (born December 13, 1989) is an American singer-songwriter.", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ One of the leading contemporary recording artists, she is known for narrative songs about her personal life, which have received widespread media coverage.", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ Born and raised in Pennsylvania, Swift moved to Nashville, Tennessee at the age of 14 to pursue a career in country music.", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ She signed with the label Big Machine Records and became the youngest artist ever signed by the Sony/ATV Music publishing house.", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ Her self-titled debut album in 2006 peaked at number five on the \"Billboard\" 200 and spent the most weeks on the chart in the 2000s.", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ The album's third single, \"Our Song\", made her the youngest person to single-handedly write and perform a number-one song on the Hot Country Songs chart.", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ Swift's second album, \"Fearless\", was released in 2008.", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ Buoyed by the success of pop crossover singles \"Love Story\" and \"You Belong with Me\", \"Fearless\" became the best-selling album of 2009 in the United States.", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ The album won four Grammy Awards, with Swift becoming the youngest Album of the Year winner.", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ Swift was the sole writer of her 2010 album, \"Speak Now\".", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ It debuted at number one in the United States and the single \"Mean\" won two Grammy Awards.", "Country music __knowledge__ Country (or country and western) is a musical genre that originated in the southern United States in the early 1920s.", "Country music __knowledge__ It takes its roots from genres such as folk music (especially Appalachian folk music) and blues.", "Country music __knowledge__ Country music often consists of ballads and dance tunes with generally simple forms, folk lyric and harmonies accompanied by mostly string instruments such as banjos, electric and acoustic guitars, steel guitars (such as pedal steels and dobros), and fiddles as well as harmonicas.", "Country music __knowledge__ Blues modes have been used extensively throughout its recorded history.", "Country music __knowledge__ According to Lindsey Starnes, the term \"country music\" gained popularity in the 1940s in preference to the earlier term \"hillbilly music\"; it came to encompass Western music, which evolved parallel to hillbilly music from similar roots, in the mid-20th century.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Elvis Aaron Presley (January 8, 1935 – August 16, 1977) was an American singer, musician, and actor.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Regarded as one of the most significant cultural icons of the 20th century, he is often referred to as the \"King of Rock and Roll\" or simply \"the King\".", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Presley was born in Tupelo, Mississippi, and relocated to Memphis, Tennessee, with his family when he was 13 years old.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ His music career began there in 1954, recording at Sun Records with producer Sam Phillips, who wanted to bring the sound of African American music to a wider audience.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Accompanied by guitarist Scotty Moore and bassist Bill Black, Presley was a pioneer of rockabilly, an uptempo, backbeat-driven fusion of country music and rhythm and blues.", "Linda Ronstadt __knowledge__ Linda Maria Ronstadt (born July 15, 1946) is an American popular music singer known for singing in a wide range of genres including rock, country, jazz, light opera, and Latin.", "Linda Ronstadt __knowledge__ She has earned 11 Grammy Awards, three American Music Awards, two Academy of Country Music awards, an Emmy Award, and an ALMA Award, and many of her albums have been certified gold, platinum or multiplatinum in the United States and internationally.", "Linda Ronstadt __knowledge__ She has also earned nominations for a Tony Award and a Golden Globe award.", "Linda Ronstadt __knowledge__ She was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in April 2014.", "Linda Ronstadt __knowledge__ On July 28, 2014, she was awarded the National Medal of Arts and Humanities.", "Rihanna __knowledge__ Robyn Rihanna Fenty (; February 20, 1988) is a Barbadian singer, songwriter, and actress.", "Rihanna __knowledge__ Born in Saint Michael, Barbados and raised in Bridgetown, during 2003 she recorded demo tapes under the direction of record producer Evan Rogers and signed a recording contract with Def Jam Recordings after auditioning for its then-president, hip hop producer and rapper Jay Z.", "Rihanna __knowledge__ In 2005, Rihanna rose to fame with the release of her debut studio album \"Music of the Sun\" and its follow-up \"A Girl like Me\" (2006), which charted on the top 10 of the US \"Billboard\" 200 and respectively produced the singles \"Pon de Replay\" and \"SOS\".", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters appearing in the animated series \"Kim Possible\".", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Kimberly Ann \"Kim\" Possible is a crime fighter and high school cheerleading captain who saves the world on a regular basis while dealing with the normal challenges of being a teenager, such as winning cheer competitions, turning in her homework on time, and maintaining a love life.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Her name is a play on the word \"impossible.\"", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Kim has known Ron Stoppable, her sidekick for most missions, since preschool.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ She has also completed missions with Wade, Monique, her brothers, and even her mother.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ In season four, Kim and Ron end up developing romantic feelings for each other and begin dating during their senior year.", "2000s in music __knowledge__ This article includes an overview of the major events and trends in popular music in the 2000s.", "2000s in music __knowledge__ The 2000s saw the creation or emergence of a few styles, such as indie-related genres such as Emo, Alternative R&B, and a multitude of new electronic subgenres, most notably Dubstep, Bass music and Moombahton, as well as genres that fused influences from past decades, mostly the 80s, into creating new styles such as Nu-disco and Hypnagogic pop.", "2000s in music __knowledge__ In fact convergence of different styles was one of the more defining features of the decade, as seen with the creation and commercial success of the British Grime genre and Trap music and Chillwave in the United States.", "American Idol __knowledge__ American Idol is an American singing competition television series created by Simon Fuller, produced by FremantleMedia North America and 19 Entertainment, and distributed by FremantleMedia North America.", "American Idol __knowledge__ It began airing on Fox on June 11, 2002, and ended its first run on April 7, 2016.", "American Idol __knowledge__ On March 11, 2018, the show will make its debut on ABC.", "American Idol __knowledge__ It started off as an addition to the \"Idols\" format based on the British series \"Pop Idol\", and became one of the most successful shows in the history of American television.", "American Idol __knowledge__ The concept of the series involves discovering recording stars from unsigned singing talents, with the winner determined by the viewers in America through telephones, Internet, and SMS text voting.", "Fearless (Taylor Swift album) __knowledge__ Fearless is the second studio album by the American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift.", "Fearless (Taylor Swift album) __knowledge__ The album was released on November 11, 2008, by Big Machine Records.", "Fearless (Taylor Swift album) __knowledge__ As with her first album, \"Taylor Swift\", Swift wrote or co-wrote all thirteen tracks on \"Fearless\".", "Fearless (Taylor Swift album) __knowledge__ Most of the songs were written as the singer promoted her first album as the opening act for numerous country artists.", "Fearless (Taylor Swift album) __knowledge__ Due to the unavailability of collaborators on the road, eight songs were written by Swift.", "Fearless (Taylor Swift album) __knowledge__ Other songs were co-written with Liz Rose, Hillary Lindsey, Colbie Caillat, and John Rich.", "Fearless (Taylor Swift album) __knowledge__ Swift also made her debut as a record producer, co-producing all songs on the album with Nathan Chapman.", "Picture to Burn __knowledge__ \"Picture to Burn\" is a song recorded by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift.", "Picture to Burn __knowledge__ It was co-written by Swift and Liz Rose, and produced by Nathan Chapman.", "Picture to Burn __knowledge__ It was released on February 3, 2008 by Big Machine Records as the fourth single from Swift's eponymous studio album, \"Taylor Swift\" (2006).", "Picture to Burn __knowledge__ It was inspired by the narcissistic and cocky nature of her former high school classmate and ex-boyfriend Jordan Alford with whom Swift never established a formal relationship.", "Picture to Burn __knowledge__ In retrospect, Swift has stated that she has evolved on a personal level and as a songwriter, claiming she processed emotions differently since \"Picture to Burn\".", "Taylor Swift (album) __knowledge__ Taylor Swift is the debut studio album by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift, released on October 24, 2006, by Big Machine Records.", "Taylor Swift (album) __knowledge__ Swift was 16 years old at the time of the album's release and wrote its songs during her freshman year of high school.", "Taylor Swift (album) __knowledge__ Swift has writing credits on all of the album's songs, including those co-written with Liz Rose.", "Taylor Swift (album) __knowledge__ Swift experimented with several producers, ultimately choosing Nathan Chapman, who had produced her demo album.", "Taylor Swift (album) __knowledge__ Musically, the album is country music styled, and lyrically it speaks of romantic relationships, a couple of which Swift wrote from observing relationships before being in one.", "1989 (Taylor Swift album) __knowledge__ 1989 is the fifth studio album by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift released on October 27, 2014, through Big Machine Records.", "1989 (Taylor Swift album) __knowledge__ Swift began composing the album following release of previous studio effort, \"Red\" (2012).", "1989 (Taylor Swift album) __knowledge__ Over the course of the two-year songwriting period, she collaborated with producers Max Martin and Shellback—Martin served as the album's executive producer alongside Swift.", "1989 (Taylor Swift album) __knowledge__ The album's title was named after the singer's birth year and inspired by the pop music of the 1980s.", "1989 (Taylor Swift album) __knowledge__ The album represents a departure from the country music of Swift's previous albums, and is described by her as the \"first documented official pop album.\"", "Teardrops on My Guitar __knowledge__ \"Teardrops on My Guitar\" is a song by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift.", "Teardrops on My Guitar __knowledge__ The song was co-written by Swift, alongside Liz Rose and produced by Nathan Chapman with Swift's aid.", "Teardrops on My Guitar __knowledge__ \"Teardrops on My Guitar\" was released on February 19, 2007 by Big Machine Records, as the second single from Swift's eponymous debut album (2006).", "Teardrops on My Guitar __knowledge__ The song was later included on the international release of Swift's second studio album, \"Fearless\" (2008), and released as the second pop single from the album in the United Kingdom.", "Teardrops on My Guitar __knowledge__ It was inspired by Swift's experience with Drew Hardwick, a classmate of hers for whom she had feelings.", "Fifteen (song) __knowledge__ \"Fifteen\" is a country pop song performed by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift.", "Fifteen (song) __knowledge__ Swift self-penned the song and co-produced it along with Nathan Chapman.", "Fifteen (song) __knowledge__ \"Fifteen\" was released on August 30, 2009 by Big Machine Records, as the fourth single from Swift's second studio album, \"Fearless\" (2008).", "Fifteen (song) __knowledge__ The song was inspired by Swift's freshman year of high school at Hendersonville High School, where she first encountered heartbreak, along with her best friend Abigail Anderson.", "Fifteen (song) __knowledge__ After writing it, Swift asked Anderson for authorization to record the song (due to personal references in the song); Anderson affirmed and it was ultimately included on \"Fearless\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ Taylor Alison Swift (born December 13, 1989) is an American singer-songwriter.", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ One of the leading contemporary recording artists, she is known for narrative songs about her personal life, which have received widespread media coverage.", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ Born and raised in Pennsylvania, Swift moved to Nashville, Tennessee at the age of 14 to pursue a career in country music.", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ She signed with the label Big Machine Records and became the youngest artist ever signed by the Sony/ATV Music publishing house.", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ Her self-titled debut album in 2006 peaked at number five on the \"Billboard\" 200 and spent the most weeks on the chart in the 2000s.", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ The album's third single, \"Our Song\", made her the youngest person to single-handedly write and perform a number-one song on the Hot Country Songs chart.", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ Swift's second album, \"Fearless\", was released in 2008.", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ Buoyed by the success of pop crossover singles \"Love Story\" and \"You Belong with Me\", \"Fearless\" became the best-selling album of 2009 in the United States.", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ The album won four Grammy Awards, with Swift becoming the youngest Album of the Year winner.", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ Swift was the sole writer of her 2010 album, \"Speak Now\".", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ It debuted at number one in the United States and the single \"Mean\" won two Grammy Awards.", "Shaktimaan __knowledge__ Shaktimaan () is an Indian superhero from the television series of the same name produced by Mukesh Khanna and directed by Dinkar Jani.", "Shaktimaan __knowledge__ Around 400 episodes of the series originally aired on Doordarshan, India's national television network, from 27 September 1997 (barring the introductory episode on 15 September 1997) to 27 March 2005, on Sundays at 12 noon IST.", "Shaktimaan __knowledge__ The telecast slot, however was shifted to 9:30 a.m. for the latter episodes.", "Shaktimaan __knowledge__ It has also aired on Pogo in English, Tarang in Odia and Chutti TV in Tamil, Kochu TV in Malayalam and repeated its Hindi telecast on STAR Utsav.", "Shaktimaan __knowledge__ Mukesh Khanna plays the roles of Shaktimaan, the main protagonist and his alter ego \"Pandit Gangadhar\" Mayadhar Omkarnath Shastri (also known as Vehaan Arya in animated version), a photographer for the newspaper \"Aaj Ki Aawaz\".", "Touchpoint __knowledge__ A touchpoint can be defined as any way a consumer can interact with a business, whether it be person-to-person, through a website, an app or any form of communication (“Touchpoint Glossary”, n.d.).", "Touchpoint __knowledge__ When consumers come in contact with these touchpoints it gives them the opportunity to compare their prior perceptions of the business and form an opinion (Stein, & Ramaseshan, 2016).", "Touchpoint __knowledge__ Touchpoints in marketing communications are the varying ways that a brand interacts and displays information to prospective customers and current customers.", "Touchpoint __knowledge__ Touchpoints allow customers to have experiences every time they “touch’ any part of the product, service, brand or organization, across multiple channels and various points in time (Pantano and Milena, 2015 and Zomerdijk and Voss, 2010).", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Andy Paley sessions __knowledge__ The Andy Paley sessions are an unfinished recording project by American songwriter-musicians Brian Wilson and Andy Paley.", "Andy Paley sessions __knowledge__ Begun in the early 1990s, the intent was to record a studio album comprising original material written and produced by the duo with participation from Wilson's group the Beach Boys.", "Andy Paley sessions __knowledge__ It was the last time Brian would work with the band before the death of his brother and bandmate Carl Wilson in 1998.", "Andy Paley sessions __knowledge__ Paley previously worked with Brian as a co-producer and co-writer for the albums \"Brian Wilson\" (1988) and \"Sweet Insanity\" (unreleased).", "Andy Paley sessions __knowledge__ In February 1992, California courts issued a restraining order on Wilson's therapist Eugene Landy.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Pet Sounds is the eleventh studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released on May 16, 1966.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ It initially met with a lukewarm critical and commercial response in the United States, peaking at number 10 in the \"Billboard\" 200, a significantly lower placement than the band's preceding albums.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the album was hailed by its music press and was an immediate commercial success, peaking at number 2 in the UK Top 40 Albums Chart and remaining among the top ten positions for six months.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Originally promoted as \"the most progressive pop album ever\", \"Pet Sounds\" attracted recognition for its ambitious recording and unusually sophisticated music, and is widely considered to be one of the most influential albums in music history.", "Marie Daulne __knowledge__ Marie Daulne (born 20 October 1964) is a Belgian singer.", "Marie Daulne __knowledge__ Daulne was born in Isiro, Haut-Uele District, Democratic Republic of the Congo to a Belgian who was killed that same year by Simba rebels, and to a local Congolese woman.", "Marie Daulne __knowledge__ Daulne and her mother and sisters were airlifted out to Kinshasa in an emergency evacuation by Belgian paratroopers and flown to Belgium because their father had been a Belgian citizen.", "Marie Daulne __knowledge__ Daulne was raised in Belgium and as of 2007 calls Brussels home, but lived in New York City for three years starting in 2000.", "Marie Daulne __knowledge__ Daulne is the founder and lead singer of the music group Zap Mama whose second album, \"Adventures in Afropea 1,\" \"became 1993's best-selling world music album and established Zap Mama as an international concert sensation.\"", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Work song __knowledge__ A work song is a piece of music closely connected to a form of work, either sung while conducting a task (usually to coordinate timing) or a song linked to a task which might be a connected narrative, description, or protest song.", "Work song __knowledge__ Records of work songs are roughly as old as historical records, and anthropological evidence suggests that all agrarian societies tend to have them.", "Work song __knowledge__ Most modern commentators on work songs have included both songs sung while working as well as songs about work, since the two categories are seen as interconnected.", "Work song __knowledge__ Norm Cohen divided collected work songs into domestic, agricultural or pastoral, sea shanties, African American work songs, songs and chants of direction and street cries.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The 2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team (variously \"Alabama\", \"UA\", \"Bama\" or \"The Tide\") represented the University of Alabama in the 2011 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ It was the Crimson Tide's 117th overall and 78th season as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and its 20th within the SEC Western Division.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The team was led by head coach Nick Saban, in his fifth year, and played their home games at Bryant–Denny Stadium in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ They finished the season with a record of twelve wins and one loss (12–1 overall, 7–1 in the SEC) and as consensus national champions.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ Bob Dylan (; born Robert Allen Zimmerman, May 24, 1941) is an American singer-songwriter, author, and painter, who has been an influential figure in popular music and culture for more than five decades.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ Much of his most celebrated work dates from the 1960s, when he became a reluctant \"voice of a generation\" with songs such as \"Blowin' in the Wind\" and \"The Times They Are a-Changin'\" that became anthems for the Civil Rights Movement and anti-war movement.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ In 1965, he controversially abandoned his early fan-base in the American folk music revival, recording a six-minute single, \"Like a Rolling Stone\", which enlarged the scope of popular music.", "Perry Como __knowledge__ Pierino Ronald \"Perry\" Como (May 18, 1912 – May 12, 2001), also known as Mr. C, was an American singer and television personality.", "Perry Como __knowledge__ During a career spanning more than half a century, he recorded exclusively for RCA Victor for 44 years after signing with the label in 1943.", "Perry Como __knowledge__ Como sold millions of records for RCA Victor and pioneered a musical variety television show.", "Perry Como __knowledge__ He was seen weekly on television from 1948 to 1963, then continued hosting the \"Kraft Music Hall\" variety program monthly until 1967.", "Perry Como __knowledge__ His television shows and seasonal specials were broadcast throughout the world.", "Perry Como __knowledge__ Also a popular recording artist, Perry Como released numerous hit records from the 1940s through the 1970s.", "DONT __knowledge__ In the card game contract bridge, DONT is a conventional overcall used to interfere with an opponent's one notrump (1NT) opening bid.", "DONT __knowledge__ DONT, an acronym for Disturb Opponents' Notrump, was designed by Marty Bergen, and is therefore also referred to as \"Bergen over Notrump\".", "DONT __knowledge__ Although the method is often criticized for being too nebulous, it remains fairly popular.", "DONT __knowledge__ The convention was first published in the September/October 1989 issue of \"Bridge Today\".", "DONT __knowledge__ In DONT, the two-level overcalls of trump show a two suiter of the suit bid and an unspecified higher-ranking suit.", "DONT __knowledge__ The feature distinguishing DONT from other similar conventions such as Cappelletti is the use of the double to show length in one suit, rather than hand strength or for ." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ Taylor Alison Swift (born December 13, 1989) is an American singer-songwriter.", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ One of the leading contemporary recording artists, she is known for narrative songs about her personal life, which have received widespread media coverage.", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ Born and raised in Pennsylvania, Swift moved to Nashville, Tennessee at the age of 14 to pursue a career in country music.", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ She signed with the label Big Machine Records and became the youngest artist ever signed by the Sony/ATV Music publishing house.", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ Her self-titled debut album in 2006 peaked at number five on the \"Billboard\" 200 and spent the most weeks on the chart in the 2000s.", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ The album's third single, \"Our Song\", made her the youngest person to single-handedly write and perform a number-one song on the Hot Country Songs chart.", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ Swift's second album, \"Fearless\", was released in 2008.", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ Buoyed by the success of pop crossover singles \"Love Story\" and \"You Belong with Me\", \"Fearless\" became the best-selling album of 2009 in the United States.", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ The album won four Grammy Awards, with Swift becoming the youngest Album of the Year winner.", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ Swift was the sole writer of her 2010 album, \"Speak Now\".", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ It debuted at number one in the United States and the single \"Mean\" won two Grammy Awards.", "Translating for legal equivalence __knowledge__ Translating for legal equivalence is the production of translations that are acceptable by a legal jurisdiction.", "Translating for legal equivalence __knowledge__ For legal and official purposes, evidentiary documents and other official documentation are usually required in the official language(s) of a jurisdiction.", "Translating for legal equivalence __knowledge__ In some countries, it is a requirement for translations of such documents that a translator swear an oath to attest that it is the legal equivalent of the source text.", "Translating for legal equivalence __knowledge__ Often, only translators of a special class are authorized to swear such oaths.", "Translating for legal equivalence __knowledge__ In some cases, the translation is only accepted as a legal equivalent if it is accompanied by the original or a sworn or certified copy of it.", "Progressive Conservative Party of Newfoundland and Labrador __knowledge__ The Progressive Conservative Party of Newfoundland and Labrador is a centre-right provincial political party in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada.", "Progressive Conservative Party of Newfoundland and Labrador __knowledge__ The party was founded in 1949 and formed the Government of Newfoundland and Labrador from the 2003 general election until the 2015 general election.", "Progressive Conservative Party of Newfoundland and Labrador __knowledge__ Paul Davis has served as party leader since September 13, 2014, and was sworn in as the 12th Premier of Newfoundland and Labrador on September 26, 2014.", "Progressive Conservative Party of Newfoundland and Labrador __knowledge__ The party has served as the official opposition to the government of Newfoundland and Labrador since December 14, 2015.", "Progressive Conservative Party of Newfoundland and Labrador __knowledge__ The party originated before Newfoundland's confederation with Canada as the Responsible Government League (RGL).", "Albanian sworn virgins __knowledge__ The Albanian sworn virgins () are Albanian women who take a vow of chastity and wear male clothing in order to live as men in the patriarchal northern Albanian society.", "Albanian sworn virgins __knowledge__ National Geographic's \"Taboo\" estimated that there are fewer than 102 sworn virgins in the world.", "Albanian sworn virgins __knowledge__ Other terms for the sworn virgin include \"vajzë e betuar\" (most common today, and used in situations in which the parents make the decision when the girl is a baby or child), \"mashkull\" (present-day, used around Shkodra), \"virgjineshë\", \"virgjereshë\", \"verginesa\", \"virgjin\", \"vergjinesha\", \"Albanian virgin\", \"avowed virgin\", \"sadik\" (Turkish: honest, just).", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement __knowledge__ The Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement is a defence procurement project of the Canadian government to purchase Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Joint Strike Fighters for the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF), a process started in 1997.", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement __knowledge__ The F-35 procurement has been a source of considerable controversy in public policy circles in Canada since the federal government announced its intention to purchase the aircraft in 2010.", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement __knowledge__ In April 2012, with the release of a highly critical Auditor General of Canada report on the failures of the government's F-35 program, the procurement was labelled a national \"scandal\" and \"fiasco\" by the media.", "List of K.O.3an Guo characters __knowledge__ This is a character list of the Taiwanese series \"K.O.3an Guo\" which is aired between Winter, Spring and Summer, 2009.", "List of K.O.3an Guo characters __knowledge__ Five Tiger General: 1st. Courtesy name: Guan Yunchang (關雲長). School year: Freshman. Birthdate: Silver Dimensional Year 4332, July 24. Age: 17 years old. Species: Power-user. Aura: Gold. Status: Alive. Fighting Power Points: 18000 -> 30000+(After learning Xing Tian Gong) Original counterpart: \"Guan Yu\" Actor: George Hu (胡宇崴) – \"Wu Hu Jiang\" (武虎將).", "List of K.O.3an Guo characters __knowledge__ Biography: Guan Yu is straight-headed, righteous and loyal.", "List of K.O.3an Guo characters __knowledge__ He is known for fighting around the world alongside his best friend, Zhang Fei, with whom he has attended twenty-four schools together (only because he always gets kicked out for starting fights).", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Having reformed from his violent ways, Bigby (a.k.a.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ the Big Bad Wolf) became the cigarette-smoking, trench coat-clad sheriff of Fabletown.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is extremely cunning and resourceful, in addition to being an excellent detective.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Due to Snow White's possession of a lycanthropy-stained knife, he is now a werewolf and can change between wolf form, human form and an intermediate \"wolfman\" stage at will (in \"The Great Fables Crossover\", it is revealed that Bigby's nature as one of the North Wind's sons allows him to change forms at will).", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is the son of the North Wind, and, as such, has control over the lower-tier winds, plus the \"huff and puff\" of legend.", "Exchequer of Pleas __knowledge__ The Exchequer of Pleas or Court of Exchequer was a court that dealt with matters of equity, a set of legal principles based on natural law and common law in England and Wales.", "Exchequer of Pleas __knowledge__ Originally part of the \"curia regis\", or King's Council, the Exchequer of Pleas split from the \"curia\" during the 1190s, to sit as an independent, central court.", "Exchequer of Pleas __knowledge__ The Court of Chancery's reputation for tardiness and expense resulted in much of its business transferring to the Exchequer.", "Exchequer of Pleas __knowledge__ The Exchequer and Chancery, with similar jurisdictions, drew closer together over the years, until an argument was made during the 19th century that having two seemingly identical courts was unnecessary.", "Richard Swift (singer-songwriter) __knowledge__ Richard Swift (born March 16, 1977) is an American singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, producer and short-film maker.", "Richard Swift (singer-songwriter) __knowledge__ He is the founder, owner, and recording engineer of National Freedom, a recording studio located in Oregon, and has worked as producer for such acts as The Shins, Damien Jurado, David Bazan, Foxygen, Jessie Baylin, Nathaniel Rateliff, The Mynabirds, Wake Owl, Laetitia Sadier of Stereolab, Gardens & Villa, Cayucas, and Guster.", "Richard Swift (singer-songwriter) __knowledge__ Swift is a former member of indie rock band The Shins and current member of The Arcs.", "Richard Swift (singer-songwriter) __knowledge__ In April 2014, Richard announced via Twitter that he had joined The Black Keys as their touring bassist and background singer.", "Joseph Gardner Swift __knowledge__ Joseph Gardner Swift (December 31, 1783 – July 22, 1865) was an American soldier who had the distinction of being the first graduate of the newly instituted United States Military Academy in West Point, New York; he would later serve as its fourth Superintendent, from 1812 to 1814, and Chief of Engineers of the United States Army from 1812 to 1818.", "Joseph Gardner Swift __knowledge__ Swift was born on Nantucket Island, the son of Foster Swift and his wife, Deborah.", "Joseph Gardner Swift __knowledge__ At the age of six, he saw George Washington on Boston Common, an experience that made an indelible impression on him.", "Joseph Gardner Swift __knowledge__ In 1792, the Swifts moved to Taunton, Massachusetts, where Joseph became the student of Reverend Samuel Daggat, who prepared him to enter Harvard College.", "Love Story (Taylor Swift song) __knowledge__ \"Love Story\" is a song written and performed by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift.", "Love Story (Taylor Swift song) __knowledge__ She also co-produced the track with Nathan Chapman.", "Love Story (Taylor Swift song) __knowledge__ It was released on September 12, 2008 by Big Machine Records, as the lead single from Swift's second studio album \"Fearless\" (2008).", "Love Story (Taylor Swift song) __knowledge__ The song was written about a love interest of Swift's who was not popular among Swift's family and friends.", "Love Story (Taylor Swift song) __knowledge__ Because of the scenario, Swift related to the plot of William Shakespeare's \"Romeo and Juliet\" (1597) and used it as a source of inspiration to compose the song.", "Love Story (Taylor Swift song) __knowledge__ However, she replaced \"Romeo and Juliet\"s original tragic conclusion with a happy ending.", "Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication __knowledge__ The Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication (SWIFT) provides a network that enables financial institutions worldwide to send and receive information about financial transactions in a secure, standardized and reliable environment.", "Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication __knowledge__ SWIFT also sells software and services to financial institutions, much of it for use on the SWIFTNet Network, and ISO 9362. Business Identifier Codes (BICs, previously Bank Identifier Codes) are popularly known as \"SWIFT codes\".", "Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication __knowledge__ The majority of international interbank messages use the SWIFT network.", "Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication __knowledge__ , SWIFT linked more than 11,000 financial institutions in more than 200 countries and territories, who were exchanging an average of over 15 million messages per day (compared to an average of 2.4 million daily messages in 1995).", "Gustavus Franklin Swift __knowledge__ Gustavus Franklin Swift, Sr. (June 24, 1839 – March 29, 1903) was an American business executive.", "Gustavus Franklin Swift __knowledge__ He founded a meat-packing empire in the Midwest during the late nineteenth century, over which he presided until his death.", "Gustavus Franklin Swift __knowledge__ He is credited with the development of the first practical ice-cooled railroad car, which allowed his company to ship dressed meats to all parts of the country and abroad, ushering in the \"era of cheap beef.\"", "Gustavus Franklin Swift __knowledge__ Swift pioneered the use of animal by-products for the manufacture of soap, glue, fertilizer, various types of sundries, and even medical products.", "Gustavus Franklin Swift __knowledge__ Swift donated large sums of money to such institutions as the University of Chicago, the Methodist Episcopal Church, and the Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA).", "Cherokee–American wars __knowledge__ The Cherokee–American wars, also known as the Chickamauga Wars, were a series of back-and-forth raids, campaigns, ambushes, minor skirmishes, and several full-scale frontier battles in the Old Southwest from 1776 to 1795 between the Cherokee (\"Ani-Yunwiya\" or \"Nana Waiya\", \"Tsalagi\") and the Americans on the frontier.", "Cherokee–American wars __knowledge__ Most of the events took place in the Upper South.", "Cherokee–American wars __knowledge__ While their fight stretched across the entire period, there were times, sometimes ranging over several months, of little or no action.", "Cherokee–American wars __knowledge__ The Cherokee leader Dragging Canoe (who has been recorded to have been in early Mobile Alabama), whom some historians call \"the Savage Napoleon\", and his warriors and other Cherokee fought alongside and in conjunction with Indians from a number of other tribes both in the Old Southwest and in the Old Northwest, most often Muscogee (\"Muskokulke\") in the former and the Shawnee (\"Saawanwa\") in the latter." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ Taylor Alison Swift (born December 13, 1989) is an American singer-songwriter.", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ One of the leading contemporary recording artists, she is known for narrative songs about her personal life, which have received widespread media coverage.", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ Born and raised in Pennsylvania, Swift moved to Nashville, Tennessee at the age of 14 to pursue a career in country music.", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ She signed with the label Big Machine Records and became the youngest artist ever signed by the Sony/ATV Music publishing house.", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ Her self-titled debut album in 2006 peaked at number five on the \"Billboard\" 200 and spent the most weeks on the chart in the 2000s.", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ The album's third single, \"Our Song\", made her the youngest person to single-handedly write and perform a number-one song on the Hot Country Songs chart.", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ Swift's second album, \"Fearless\", was released in 2008.", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ Buoyed by the success of pop crossover singles \"Love Story\" and \"You Belong with Me\", \"Fearless\" became the best-selling album of 2009 in the United States.", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ The album won four Grammy Awards, with Swift becoming the youngest Album of the Year winner.", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ Swift was the sole writer of her 2010 album, \"Speak Now\".", "Taylor Swift __knowledge__ It debuted at number one in the United States and the single \"Mean\" won two Grammy Awards.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ Guns N' Roses, often abbreviated as GNR, is an American hard rock band from Los Angeles, California, formed in 1985.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ The lineup, when first signed to Geffen Records in 1986, consisted of vocalist Axl Rose, lead guitarist Slash, rhythm guitarist Izzy Stradlin, bassist Duff McKagan, and drummer Steven Adler.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ Guns N' Roses has released six studio albums, accumulating sales of more than 100 million records worldwide, including 45 million in the United States, making them the 41st best-selling artist of all time.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ Guns N' Roses' debut album, \"Appetite for Destruction\" (1987), reached number one on the \"Billboard\" 200 a year after its release, on the strength of \"Sweet Child o' Mine\", the band's only single to reach number one on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100.", "T.I. __knowledge__ Clifford Joseph Harris Jr. (born September 25, 1980), known professionally as T.I.", "T.I. __knowledge__ and Tip (often stylized as TIP or T.I.P.", "T.I. __knowledge__ ), is an American rapper and actor.", "T.I. __knowledge__ Harris signed his first major-label record deal in 1999, with Arista subsidiary LaFace.", "T.I. __knowledge__ In 2001, Harris formed the Southern hip hop group P$C, alongside his longtime friends and fellow Atlanta-based rappers Big Kuntry King, Mac Boney and C-Rod.", "T.I. __knowledge__ Upon being released from Arista, Harris signed to Atlantic and subsequently became the co-chief executive officer (CEO) of his own label imprint, Grand Hustle Records, which he launched in 2003.", "T.I. __knowledge__ Harris is also perhaps best known as one of the artists who popularized the hip hop subgenre trap music, along with Young Jeezy and Gucci Mane.", "Black Sabbath __knowledge__ Black Sabbath were an English rock band, formed in Birmingham in 1968, by guitarist and main songwriter Tony Iommi, bassist and main lyricist Geezer Butler, singer Ozzy Osbourne, and drummer Bill Ward.", "Black Sabbath __knowledge__ Black Sabbath are often cited as pioneers of heavy metal music.", "Black Sabbath __knowledge__ The band helped define the genre with releases such as \"Black Sabbath\" (1970), \"Paranoid\" (1970) and \"Master of Reality\" (1971).", "Black Sabbath __knowledge__ The band had multiple line-up changes, with Iommi being the only constant member throughout its history.", "Black Sabbath __knowledge__ Formed in 1968 as the Polka Tulk Blues Band, a blues rock band, the group went through line up changes, renamed themselves as Earth, broke up and reformed.", "Atlantic Records __knowledge__ Atlantic Recording Corporation (simply known as Atlantic Records) is an American major record label founded in October 1947 by Ahmet Ertegün and Herb Abramson.", "Atlantic Records __knowledge__ Over its first 20 years of operation, Atlantic Records earned a reputation as one of the most important American recording labels, specializing in jazz, R&B and soul recordings by African-American musicians including Aretha Franklin, Ray Charles, Wilson Pickett, Sam and Dave, Ruth Brown and Otis Redding, a position greatly enhanced by its distribution deal with Stax Records.", "Atlantic Records __knowledge__ In 1967, Atlantic Records became a wholly owned subsidiary of Warner Bros.-Seven Arts, now the Warner Music Group, and expanded into rock and pop music with releases by bands such as Led Zeppelin and Yes.", "XTC __knowledge__ XTC were an English rock band formed in Swindon in 1972 and active until 2006.", "XTC __knowledge__ Led by songwriters Andy Partridge and Colin Moulding, the band gained popularity during the rise of punk and new wave in the 1970s, later playing in a variety of styles that ranged from angular guitar riffs to elaborately arranged pop.", "XTC __knowledge__ Partly because the group did not fit into contemporary trends, they failed to maintain commercial success in the UK and US.", "XTC __knowledge__ They have since attracted a considerable cult following, and are recognised for their influence on Britpop and later power pop acts.", "XTC __knowledge__ Partridge (guitar, vocals) and Moulding (bass, vocals) met at a record store in the early 1970s and subsequently formed a glitter rock outfit with drummer Terry Chambers.", "Warner Bros. Records __knowledge__ Warner Bros. Records Inc. is an American major record label established in 1958 as the foundation label of the present-day Warner Music Group (WMG), and now operates as a wholly owned subsidiary of that corporation.", "Warner Bros. Records __knowledge__ Warner Bros. Records was established on March 19, 1958, as the recorded-music division of the American film studio Warner Bros.. For most of its early existence it was one of a group of labels owned and operated by larger parent corporations.", "Warner Bros. Records __knowledge__ The sequence of companies that controlled Warner Bros. and its allied labels evolved through a convoluted series of corporate mergers and acquisitions from the early 1960s to the early 2000s.", "Big Machine Records __knowledge__ Big Machine Records, LLC is an independent American record label specializing in country and pop artists.", "Big Machine Records __knowledge__ Big Machine is based on Music Row in Nashville, Tennessee.", "Big Machine Records __knowledge__ The label was launched in September 2005 by former DreamWorks Records executive, Scott Borchetta, and initially became a joint venture between Borchetta and country singer Toby Keith.", "Big Machine Records __knowledge__ As of November 2014, the music company consists of 88 employees—in the areas of music publishing, management, and merchandising—and four office buildings.", "Big Machine Records __knowledge__ The business also oversees numerous imprints, including Valory Music, that are under Big Machine Label Group.", "Jack Ingram __knowledge__ Jack Owen Ingram (born November 15, 1970) is an American country music artist formerly signed to Big Machine Records, an independent record label.", "Jack Ingram __knowledge__ He has released eight studio albums, one extended play, one compilation album, six live albums, and 19 singles.", "Jack Ingram __knowledge__ Although active since 1992, Ingram did not reach the U.S. Country Top 40 until the release of his single \"Wherever You Are\" late-2005.", "Jack Ingram __knowledge__ A number one hit on the \"Billboard\" country charts, that song was also his first release for Big Machine and that label's first Number One hit.", "Jack Ingram __knowledge__ Ingram has sent six other songs into the country Top 40 with \"Love You\", \"Lips of an Angel\" (a cover version of a song by Hinder), \"Measure of a Man\", \"Maybe She'll Get Lonely\", \"That's a Man\", and \"Barefoot and Crazy\".", "Scott Borchetta __knowledge__ Scott C. Borchetta (born July 3, 1962) is an American record executive and entrepreneur best known for founding Big Machine Label Group and for discovering singer-songwriter Taylor Swift.", "Scott Borchetta __knowledge__ He started the label in 2005 with 13 employees, as its president/CEO and today it encompasses four imprints: Big Machine Records, BMLG Records, The Valory Music Co. and Nash Icon Records.", "Scott Borchetta __knowledge__ In 2015, he became the new in-house mentor on \"American Idol\" for the program's 14th and 15th seasons.", "Scott Borchetta __knowledge__ Before Big Machine, Borchetta was a race car driver and executive at the Nashville divisions of DreamWorks Records and MCA Records as well as MTM Records.", "Tim McGraw __knowledge__ Samuel Timothy \"Tim\" McGraw (born May 1, 1967) is an American country singer, songwriter, and actor.", "Tim McGraw __knowledge__ He has been married to singer Faith Hill since 1996, and is a son of the late baseball player Tug McGraw.", "Tim McGraw __knowledge__ McGraw began singing in a neotraditional country style, but starting with 1997's \"Everywhere\", he developed a more crossover-friendly, country pop sound, making him one of the first male Country singers of his generation to crossover to Pop.", "Tim McGraw __knowledge__ McGraw has released fourteen studio albums (eleven for Curb Records and three for Big Machine Records).", "Tim McGraw __knowledge__ 10 of those albums have reached number 1 on the Top Country Albums charts, with his 1994 breakthrough album \"Not a Moment Too Soon\" being the top country album of 1994.", "Justin Moore __knowledge__ Justin Cole Moore (born March 30, 1984) is an American country music singer and songwriter, signed to Big Machine Records imprint Valory Music Group.", "Justin Moore __knowledge__ For that label, he has released four studio albums—his self titled debut album in 2009, \"Outlaws Like Me\" in 2011, \"Off the Beaten Path\" in 2013. and \"Kinda Don't Care\" in 2016.", "Justin Moore __knowledge__ He has also charted eleven times on the Hot Country Songs, including the #1 singles \"Small Town USA\", \"If Heaven Wasn't So Far Away\", \"Til My Last Day\", \"Lettin' the Night Roll\", \"You Look Like I Need a Drink\", and \"Somebody Else Will\"; and the top 10 hits \"Backwoods\" and \"Point at You\".", "Can You Duet __knowledge__ Can You Duet was an American reality-competition show on CMT.", "Can You Duet __knowledge__ The show was produced by FremantleMedia, the same company that produces \"American Idol\".", "Can You Duet __knowledge__ The show premiered on April 14, 2008 and the first season ended on June 13, 2008.", "Can You Duet __knowledge__ Sixwire, runners up from Fox's \"Next Great American Band\", performed as the house band for \"Can You Duet\" with Steve Mandile serving as the show's musical director.", "Can You Duet __knowledge__ Two additional musicians, Steve Hornbeak on keyboards and Andrea Young on violin, performed with Sixwire during the show.", "Can You Duet __knowledge__ The show was cancelled after two seasons.", "Can You Duet __knowledge__ The show was hosted by Rossi Morreale, and the judge panel was made up of Naomi Judd, Brett Manning, and Aimee Mayo." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 4, 0 ]

[ "Taylor Alison Swift is an American singer-songwriter.", "Yeah, i just dont lke that she is she is known for narrative songs about her personal life.", "She was Born and raised in Pennsylvania, Swift moved to Nashville, Tennessee.", "Yeah, and she also signed with the label Big Machine Records", "Yeah and they are really good albums in my opinion" ]

[ "Taylor Swift", "Taylor Swift", "Taylor Swift", "Taylor Swift", "Taylor Swift" ]

[ "Video game\nWhat type of video games do you play ", "Nice what have you been playing layey", "What do you do in that game", "Oh okay that sounds fun, any 9ther games you like to play", "I love the star wars pinball games. " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Video game __knowledge__ A video game is an electronic game that involves interaction with a user interface to generate visual feedback on a video device such as a TV screen or computer monitor.", "Video game __knowledge__ The word \"video\" in \"video game\" traditionally referred to a raster display device, but as of the 2000s, it implies any type of display device that can produce two- or three-dimensional images.", "Video game __knowledge__ Some theorists categorize video games as an art form, but this designation is controversial.", "Video game __knowledge__ The electronic systems used to play video games are known as platforms; examples of these are personal computers and video game consoles.", "Video game __knowledge__ These platforms range from large mainframe computers to small handheld computing devices.", "Video game __knowledge__ Specialized video games such as arcade games, in which the video game components are housed in a large, typically coin-operated chassis, while common in the 1980s in video arcades, have gradually declined due to the widespread availability of affordable home video game consoles (e.g., PlayStation 4, Xbox One and Nintendo Wii U) and video games on desktop and laptop computers and smartphones.", "Video game __knowledge__ The input device used for games, the game controller, varies across platforms.", "Video game __knowledge__ Common controllers include gamepads, joysticks, mouse devices, keyboards, the touchscreens of mobile devices, and buttons, or even, with the Kinect sensor, a person's hands and body.", "Video game controversies __knowledge__ Video game controversies are societal and scientific arguments about whether the content of video games change the behavior and attitudes of a player, and whether this is reflected in video game culture overall.", "Video game controversies __knowledge__ Since the early 2000s, advocates of video games have emphasized their use as an expressive medium, arguing for their protection under the laws governing freedom of speech and also as an educational tool.", "Video game controversies __knowledge__ Detractors argue that video games are harmful and therefore should be subject to legislative oversight and restrictions.", "Video game controversies __knowledge__ The positive and negative characteristics and effects of video games are the subject of scientific study.", "History of video games __knowledge__ The history of video games goes as far back as the early 1950s, when academic computer scientists began designing simple games and simulations as part of their research.", "History of video games __knowledge__ Video gaming did not reach mainstream popularity until the 1970s and 1980s, when video arcade games and gaming consoles using joysticks, buttons, and other controllers, along with graphics on computer screens and home computer games were introduced to the general public.", "History of video games __knowledge__ Since the 1980s, video gaming has become a popular form of entertainment and a part of modern popular culture in most parts of the world.", "History of video games __knowledge__ One of the early games was \"Spacewar!", "Nonviolent video game __knowledge__ Nonviolent video games are video games characterized by little or no violence.", "Nonviolent video game __knowledge__ As the term is vague, game designers, developers, and marketers that describe themselves as non-violent video game makers, as well as certain reviewers and members of the non-violent gaming community, often employ it to describe games with \"comparatively\" little or no violence.", "Nonviolent video game __knowledge__ The definition has been applied flexibly to games in such purposive genres as the Christian video game, however a number of games at the fringe of the \"non-violence\" label can only be viewed as objectively violent.", "Nonviolent video game __knowledge__ The purposes behind the development of the nonviolent genre are primarily reactionary in nature.", "List of video game genres __knowledge__ A video game genre is a specific category of games related by similar gameplay characteristics.", "List of video game genres __knowledge__ Genres are not usually defined by the actual content of the game or its medium of play, but by its common challenge.", "List of video game genres __knowledge__ Genres may encompass a wide variety of games, leading to even more specific classifications called \"subgenres\".", "List of video game genres __knowledge__ For example, an action game can be classified into many subgenres such as platform games and fighting games.", "List of video game genres __knowledge__ Some games, most notably browser and mobile games, are commonly classified into multiple genres.", "List of video game genres __knowledge__ The following is a list of all commonly defined video game genres, with short descriptions for individual genres and major subgenres.", "Video game music __knowledge__ Video game music is the soundtrack that accompanies video games.", "Video game music __knowledge__ Early video game music was once limited to simple melodies of early sound synthesizer technology.", "Video game music __knowledge__ These limitations inspired the style of music known as chiptunes, which combines simple melodic styles with more complex patterns or traditional music styles, and became the most popular sound of the first video games.", "Video game music __knowledge__ With advances in technology, video game music has now grown to include the same breadth and complexity associated with television and film scores, allowing for much more creative freedom.", "Video game music __knowledge__ While simple synthesizer pieces are still common, game music now includes full orchestral pieces and popular music.", "Video game culture __knowledge__ Video game culture is a worldwide new media subculture formed by video games.", "Video game culture __knowledge__ As computer and video games have exponentially increased in popularity over time, they have had a significant influence on popular culture.", "Video game culture __knowledge__ Video game culture has also evolved over time hand in hand with internet culture as well as the increasing popularity of mobile games.", "Video game culture __knowledge__ Many people who play video games identify as gamers, which can mean anything from someone who enjoys games to someone who is passionate about it.", "Video game culture __knowledge__ As video games become more social with multiplayer and online capability, gamers find themselves in growing social networks." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Video game __knowledge__ A video game is an electronic game that involves interaction with a user interface to generate visual feedback on a video device such as a TV screen or computer monitor.", "Video game __knowledge__ The word \"video\" in \"video game\" traditionally referred to a raster display device, but as of the 2000s, it implies any type of display device that can produce two- or three-dimensional images.", "Video game __knowledge__ Some theorists categorize video games as an art form, but this designation is controversial.", "Video game __knowledge__ The electronic systems used to play video games are known as platforms; examples of these are personal computers and video game consoles.", "Video game __knowledge__ These platforms range from large mainframe computers to small handheld computing devices.", "Video game __knowledge__ Specialized video games such as arcade games, in which the video game components are housed in a large, typically coin-operated chassis, while common in the 1980s in video arcades, have gradually declined due to the widespread availability of affordable home video game consoles (e.g., PlayStation 4, Xbox One and Nintendo Wii U) and video games on desktop and laptop computers and smartphones.", "Video game __knowledge__ The input device used for games, the game controller, varies across platforms.", "Video game __knowledge__ Common controllers include gamepads, joysticks, mouse devices, keyboards, the touchscreens of mobile devices, and buttons, or even, with the Kinect sensor, a person's hands and body.", "List of The Amazing World of Gumball characters __knowledge__ The British-American animated comedy television series \"The Amazing World of Gumball\" features a wide array of primary and supporting characters, all of whom reside in the fictional American city of Elmore.", "List of The Amazing World of Gumball characters __knowledge__ The series primarily revolves around the daily life of Gumball Watterson (Logan Grove, seasons 1–2 and season 3 episode: \"The Kids\"; Jacob Hopkins, rest of season 3 to season 5 episode \"The Copycats\", Nicolas Cantu, rest of season 5 onward), a cat, and his family—adoptive brother and best friend Darwin (Kwesi Boakye, seasons 1–2 and season 3 episode: \"The Kids\"; Terrell Ransom, Jr., rest of season 3 to season 5 episode \"The Copycats\" Donielle T. Hansley Jr., rest of season 5 onward), sister Anais (Kyla Rae Kowalewski), and parents Nicole and Richard (Teresa Gallagher and Dan Russell, respectively).", "Kell Brook __knowledge__ Ezekiel \"Kell\" Brook (born 3 May 1986) is a British professional boxer.", "Kell Brook __knowledge__ He held the IBF welterweight title from 2014 to 2017, and has challenged once for the unified middleweight titles in 2016.", "Kell Brook __knowledge__ In May 2017, he was ranked as the world's best active welterweight by \"The Ring\" magazine.", "Kell Brook __knowledge__ Kell Brook had his first amateur fight at age 12 under the guidance of Brendan Ingle.", "Kell Brook __knowledge__ At the end of his amateur career, he had won 31 of his 36 fights, winning two Amateur Boxing Association of England titles and two National Association of Boys Clubs British Boxing Championships and a Gold medal in the 4 Nations.", "Nice __knowledge__ Nice (, ; Niçard , classical norm, or \"\", nonstandard, ; ; ; ) is the fifth most populous city in France and the capital of the Alpes-Maritimes \"département\".", "Nice __knowledge__ The urban area of Nice extends beyond the administrative city limits, with a population of about 1 million on an area of .", "Nice __knowledge__ Located in the French Riviera, on the south east coast of France on the Mediterranean Sea, at the foot of the Alps, Nice is the second-largest French city on the Mediterranean coast and the second-largest city in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region after Marseille.", "Nice __knowledge__ Nice is about 13 kilometres (8 miles) from the principality of Monaco, and its airport is a gateway to the principality as well.", "Have a nice day __knowledge__ Have a nice day is a commonly spoken expression used to conclude a conversation (whether brief or extensive), or end a message by hoping the person to whom it is addressed experiences a pleasant day.", "Have a nice day __knowledge__ Since it is often uttered by service employees to customers at the end of a transaction, particularly in Israel and the United States, its repetitious and dutiful usage has resulted in the phrase developing, according to some journalists and scholars, especially outside of these two countries, a cultural connotation of impersonality, lack of interest, passive–aggressive behavior, or sarcasm.", "Have a nice day __knowledge__ The phrase is generally not used in Europe, as some find it artificial or even offensive.", "OGC Nice __knowledge__ Olympique Gymnaste Club Nice Côte d'Azur (; commonly referred to as OGC Nice or simply Nice) is a French association football club based in Nice.", "OGC Nice __knowledge__ The club was founded in 1904 and currently plays in Ligue 1, the top-tier of French football.", "OGC Nice __knowledge__ Nice plays its home matches at the Allianz Riviera.", "OGC Nice __knowledge__ Nice is managed by Lucien Favre and captained by defender Dante Bonfim.", "OGC Nice __knowledge__ Nice was founded under the name \"Gymnaste Club de Nice\" and is one of the founding members of the first division of French football.", "OGC Nice __knowledge__ The club has won Ligue 1 four times and the Coupe de France three times.", "OGC Nice __knowledge__ Nice achieved most of its honours in the 1950s with the club being managed by coaches such as Numa Andoire, Englishman William Berry and Jean Luciano.", "1991 CFL Draft __knowledge__ The 1991 CFL Draft composed of eight rounds where 63 Canadian football players were chosen from eligible Canadian universities and Canadian players playing in the NCAA.", "1991 CFL Draft __knowledge__ 25.", "1991 CFL Draft __knowledge__ Edmonton Eskimos Gordon Walker DB Manitoba 26.", "1991 CFL Draft __knowledge__ British Columbia Lions Andrew Patterson DB Simon Fraser 27.", "1991 CFL Draft __knowledge__ Ottawa Rough Riders Gerald Hilady OG/DE Windsor 28.", "1991 CFL Draft __knowledge__ Saskatchewan Roughriders Peter Rowe QB Wyoming 29.", "1991 CFL Draft __knowledge__ Toronto Argonauts Mitch Brown TB Eastern Michigan 30.", "1991 CFL Draft __knowledge__ Edmonton Eskimos Ron Herman G Queen's 31.", "1991 CFL Draft __knowledge__ Edmonton Eskimos Cam Brosseau LB Eastern Illinois 32.", "1991 CFL Draft __knowledge__ Winnipeg Blue Bombers Brendan Rogers LB Eastern Washington 33.", "National Institute for Health and Care Excellence __knowledge__ The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) is an executive non-departmental public body of the Department of Health in the United Kingdom, which publishes guidelines in four areas: These appraisals are based primarily on evaluations of efficacy and cost–effectiveness in various circumstances.", "National Institute for Health and Care Excellence __knowledge__ It serves both the English NHS and the Welsh NHS.", "National Institute for Health and Care Excellence __knowledge__ It was set up as the National Institute for Clinical Excellence in 1999, and on 1 April 2005 joined with the Health Development Agency to become the new National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (still abbreviated as NICE).", "National Institute for Health and Care Excellence __knowledge__ Following the Health and Social Care Act 2012, NICE was renamed the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence on 1 April 2013 reflecting its new responsibilities for social care, and changed from a special health authority to an Executive Non-Departmental Public Body (ENDPB).", "Amusement arcade __knowledge__ An amusement arcade (often referred to as \"video arcade\" or simply \"arcade\") is a venue where people play arcade games such as video games, pinball machines, electro-mechanical games, redemption games, merchandisers (such as claw cranes), or coin-operated billiards or air hockey tables.", "Amusement arcade __knowledge__ In some countries, some types of arcades are also legally permitted to provide gambling machines such as slot machines or \"pachinko\" machines.", "Amusement arcade __knowledge__ Games are usually housed in cabinets.", "Amusement arcade __knowledge__ The term used for ancestors of these venues in the beginning of 20th century was penny arcades.", "Amusement arcade __knowledge__ Video games were introduced in amusement arcades in the late 1970s and were most popular during the golden age of arcade video games, the early 1980s.", "Arcade game __knowledge__ An arcade game or coin-op is a coin-operated entertainment machine typically installed in public businesses such as restaurants, bars and amusement arcades.", "Arcade game __knowledge__ Most arcade games are video games, pinball machines, electro-mechanical games, redemption games or merchandisers.", "Arcade game __knowledge__ While exact dates are debated, the golden age of arcade video games is usually defined as a period beginning sometime in the late 1970s and ending sometime in the mid-1980s.", "Arcade game __knowledge__ Excluding a brief resurgence in the early 1990s, the arcade industry subsequently declined in the Western hemisphere as competing Home video game console such as the Sony PlayStation and Microsoft Xbox increased in their graphics and game-play capability and decreased in cost.", "Golden age of arcade video games __knowledge__ The golden age of arcade video games was the era of greatest popularity and technological innovation for arcade video games.", "Golden age of arcade video games __knowledge__ The exact time period is disputed, but key moments include the release of \"Space Invaders\" in 1978 and the introduction of vector display technology in 1979.", "Golden age of arcade video games __knowledge__ Although the exact years differ, all timelines overlap in the early 1980s.", "Golden age of arcade video games __knowledge__ Technology journalist Jason Whittaker, in \"The Cyberspace Handbook\", places the beginning of the golden age in 1978, with the release of \"Space Invaders\".", "Golden age of arcade video games __knowledge__ Video game journalist Steven L. Kent, in his book \"The Ultimate History of Video Games\", places it at 1979 to 1983.", "SuperGun __knowledge__ A SuperGun (or super gun) is a device used to play arcade games in lieu of requiring a full arcade cabinet.", "SuperGun __knowledge__ Arcade games typically are designed to be used in a universal cabinet design.", "SuperGun __knowledge__ The supergun provides this universal interface in a greatly reduced size, allowing arcade games to be tested or enjoyed without needing the entire cabinet.", "SuperGun __knowledge__ Superguns frequently resemble video game consoles which plug into a television or monitor, and have detached joysticks and play arcade boards as if they were large cartridges.", "SuperGun __knowledge__ Some superguns are a large box with two arcade controllers side by side, resembling the top of a typical arcade cabinet.", "History of video games __knowledge__ The history of video games goes as far back as the early 1950s, when academic computer scientists began designing simple games and simulations as part of their research.", "History of video games __knowledge__ Video gaming did not reach mainstream popularity until the 1970s and 1980s, when video arcade games and gaming consoles using joysticks, buttons, and other controllers, along with graphics on computer screens and home computer games were introduced to the general public.", "History of video games __knowledge__ Since the 1980s, video gaming has become a popular form of entertainment and a part of modern popular culture in most parts of the world.", "History of video games __knowledge__ One of the early games was \"Spacewar!", "SNK __knowledge__ SNK is most notable as creator of the Neo Geo family of arcade, home, and handheld game consoles, beginning in 1990.", "SNK __knowledge__ The Neo Geo line was halted in 2001, when financial troubles forced SNK Corporation to close on October 22, 2001.", "SNK __knowledge__ Anticipating the end of the company, Kawasaki founded Playmore Corporation on August 1, 2001.", "SNK __knowledge__ By October, Playmore had acquired all of the intellectual property of the former SNK Corporation.", "SNK __knowledge__ On July 7, 2003, Playmore Corporation was renamed to SNK Playmore Corporation, to more firmly establish itself as the successor to the SNK brand and legacy.", "SNK __knowledge__ Traditionally, SNK operated primarily as a video game developer, publisher, and hardware manufacturer, focusing on arcade games but also working on console and PC games.", "List of Sega arcade system boards __knowledge__ The following is a list of arcade system boards released by Sega.", "List of Sega arcade system boards __knowledge__ For games running on these system boards, see List of Sega arcade games.", "List of Sega arcade system boards __knowledge__ Sega released the \"Sega VIC Dual\" arcade system board in 1977 as one of the first systems to use the Zilog Z80 microprocessor.", "List of Sega arcade system boards __knowledge__ Some of the games on the system include \"Depthcharge\" (1977), \"Frogs\" (1978), \"Heiankyo Alien\" (1979), \"Head On\" (1979), \"Carnival\" (1980), and \"Samurai\" (1980).", "List of Sega arcade system boards __knowledge__ \"Sega Z80\" is an arcade system board that is named after the Zilog Z80 processor it uses as its main CPU.", "List of Sega arcade system boards __knowledge__ It released in 1980, with games such as \"Moon Cresta\", using a modified version of the Namco Galaxian system board." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Video game __knowledge__ A video game is an electronic game that involves interaction with a user interface to generate visual feedback on a video device such as a TV screen or computer monitor.", "Video game __knowledge__ The word \"video\" in \"video game\" traditionally referred to a raster display device, but as of the 2000s, it implies any type of display device that can produce two- or three-dimensional images.", "Video game __knowledge__ Some theorists categorize video games as an art form, but this designation is controversial.", "Video game __knowledge__ The electronic systems used to play video games are known as platforms; examples of these are personal computers and video game consoles.", "Video game __knowledge__ These platforms range from large mainframe computers to small handheld computing devices.", "Video game __knowledge__ Specialized video games such as arcade games, in which the video game components are housed in a large, typically coin-operated chassis, while common in the 1980s in video arcades, have gradually declined due to the widespread availability of affordable home video game consoles (e.g., PlayStation 4, Xbox One and Nintendo Wii U) and video games on desktop and laptop computers and smartphones.", "Video game __knowledge__ The input device used for games, the game controller, varies across platforms.", "Video game __knowledge__ Common controllers include gamepads, joysticks, mouse devices, keyboards, the touchscreens of mobile devices, and buttons, or even, with the Kinect sensor, a person's hands and body.", "List of video games notable for negative reception __knowledge__ The following video games are noted for their negative reception.", "List of video games notable for negative reception __knowledge__ They include games that won ironic and humorous awards (such as Golden Mullet Awards), games that have been named to lists of the \"worst\" games published by major video gaming publications or websites, games that have received low review scores from such publications (often determined by low aggregate scores on sites such as Metacritic), and games that have been recognized to be poorly received by players.", "List of video games notable for negative reception __knowledge__ Some of the older or rarer games have gained attention more recently through videos produced by popular YouTube personalities, such as \"Angry Video Game Nerd\".", "List of Game &amp; Watch games __knowledge__ This is a list of \"Game & Watch\" games released by Nintendo, along with their format and date of release, if known.", "List of Game &amp; Watch games __knowledge__ See lists of video games for related lists.", "List of Game &amp; Watch games __knowledge__ Several of these games were collected and re-released as ports for the \"Game & Watch Gallery\" series for Game Boy, Game Boy Color and Game Boy Advance.", "List of Game &amp; Watch games __knowledge__ The games also were re-released as stand-alone titles for the Nintendo Mini Classics series in the late 1990s.", "List of Game &amp; Watch games __knowledge__ Digital versions of the games were created as DSiWare which was released for Nintendo DSi in 2009 (2010 internationally) and for Nintendo 3DS in 2011.", "List of Game &amp; Watch games __knowledge__ Ball (originally known as \"Toss-Up\" in North America) is a \"Game & Watch\" game released as a part of the Silver series on April 28, 1980.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants Inc. is an American video game developer founded in 1994 by special-effects and computer-animation veterans Sherry McKenna and Lorne Lanning.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The company is primarily known for the incomplete \"Oddworld Quintology\", a series of award-winning video games about the fictional planet of Oddworld and its native creatures.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The series debuted with \"\" in 1997 and continued with \"\" in 2001 but the studio has also developed standalone titles \"\" in 1998 and \"\" in 2005.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants took a break from game development for a time following the release of \"Stranger's Wrath\", even though it had already begun preliminary work on its next Oddworld title, \"The Brutal Ballad of Fangus Klot\".", "National Football League on television __knowledge__ The television rights to broadcast National Football League (NFL) games are the most lucrative and expensive rights of any American sport.", "National Football League on television __knowledge__ Television brought professional football into prominence in the modern era after World War II.", "National Football League on television __knowledge__ Since then, National Football League broadcasts have become among the most-watched programs on American television, and the financial fortunes of entire networks have rested on owning NFL broadcasting rights.", "National Football League on television __knowledge__ This has raised questions about the impartiality of the networks' coverage of games and whether they can criticize the NFL without fear of losing the rights and their income.", "Video game development __knowledge__ Video game development is the process of creating a video game.", "Video game development __knowledge__ The effort is undertaken by a game developer, which may range from a single person to an international team dispersed across the globe.", "Video game development __knowledge__ Traditional commercial PC and console games are normally funded by a publisher, and can take several years to reach completion.", "Video game development __knowledge__ Indie games can take less time and can be produced at a lower cost by individuals and smaller developers.", "Video game development __knowledge__ The independent game industry has seen a substantial rise in recent years with the growth of new online distribution systems, such as Steam and Uplay, as well as the mobile game market, such as for Android and iOS devices.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ The History of Oregon State Beavers football covers more than 120 seasons since the team began play in 1893.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ In 1893, Oregon State College was known as State Agricultural College (SAC).", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ William H. Bloss, son of SAC's school president, was the school's first coach, and the quarterback of the 1893 team.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ Bloss moved to Corvallis, Oregon in June 1892.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ He previously played football in the Midwest, and was considered very knowledgeable of football.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ Bloss scheduled tryouts in the fall of 1893 trying to assemble a football team.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ By mid-October, he had found 17 players that would make up the first football team in Oregon State's history.", "2017 Washington Nationals season __knowledge__ The 2017 Washington Nationals season was the Nationals' 13th season as the baseball franchise of Major League Baseball in the District of Columbia, the 10th season at Nationals Park, and the 49th since the original team was started in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.", "2017 Washington Nationals season __knowledge__ They won the National League East division title for the fourth time in six years but were defeated by the Chicago Cubs in the Division Series.", "2017 Washington Nationals season __knowledge__ The Washington Nationals announced in October 2016 that their entire coaching staff would return for the 2017 season, led by manager Dusty Baker.", "2017 Washington Nationals season __knowledge__ The team lost several players to free agency after the 2016 season, including right-handed relief pitcher Matt Belisle, left-handed reliever Sean Burnett, infielder Stephen Drew, outfielder Chris Heisey, right-handed pitcher Mat Latos, closer Mark Melancon, catcher Wilson Ramos, and left-handed reliever Marc Rzepczynski.", "Deez Nuts (band) __knowledge__ Deez Nuts is an Australian rap rock band that formed in Melbourne, Victoria in 2007, currently comprising vocalist JJ Peters, guitarist Matt Rogers, bassist Sean Kennedy and drummer Alex Salinger.", "Deez Nuts (band) __knowledge__ The band has released one EP and four studio albums.", "Deez Nuts (band) __knowledge__ Deez Nuts is a band that started after the disbanding of Australian metalcore band I Killed the Prom Queen, of which JJ Peters was the drummer.", "Deez Nuts (band) __knowledge__ After being heavily influenced by the hip hop and hardcore punk styles of music, Peters decided to start Deez Nuts.", "Deez Nuts (band) __knowledge__ After he wrote a few songs he entered the studio to record the 2007 \"Deez Nuts\" demo performing all instruments and vocals.", "Amusement arcade __knowledge__ An amusement arcade (often referred to as \"video arcade\" or simply \"arcade\") is a venue where people play arcade games such as video games, pinball machines, electro-mechanical games, redemption games, merchandisers (such as claw cranes), or coin-operated billiards or air hockey tables.", "Amusement arcade __knowledge__ In some countries, some types of arcades are also legally permitted to provide gambling machines such as slot machines or \"pachinko\" machines.", "Amusement arcade __knowledge__ Games are usually housed in cabinets.", "Amusement arcade __knowledge__ The term used for ancestors of these venues in the beginning of 20th century was penny arcades.", "Amusement arcade __knowledge__ Video games were introduced in amusement arcades in the late 1970s and were most popular during the golden age of arcade video games, the early 1980s.", "History of video games __knowledge__ The history of video games goes as far back as the early 1950s, when academic computer scientists began designing simple games and simulations as part of their research.", "History of video games __knowledge__ Video gaming did not reach mainstream popularity until the 1970s and 1980s, when video arcade games and gaming consoles using joysticks, buttons, and other controllers, along with graphics on computer screens and home computer games were introduced to the general public.", "History of video games __knowledge__ Since the 1980s, video gaming has become a popular form of entertainment and a part of modern popular culture in most parts of the world.", "History of video games __knowledge__ One of the early games was \"Spacewar!", "Sega Sammy Holdings __knowledge__ The Sega Sammy logo is a design based on the letter “S,” the initial letter of both companies’ names.", "Sega Sammy Holdings __knowledge__ The synergy generated by the integration of the two companies are represented by a combination of blue and green, which are the companies’ corporate colors.", "Sega Sammy Holdings __knowledge__ Furthermore, In the logo, a curved line that suggests the horizon linking the words Sega and Sammy symbolizes the companies’ collaboration, and the Sega Sammy Group’s determination to develop globally.", "Sega Sammy Holdings __knowledge__ Sega was established in Japan in 1951 under the name Service Games when Richard Stewart and Ray LeMaire went to Tokyo under Martin Bromley’s request to gain a new distributor for the company.", "Clarence Pier __knowledge__ Clarence Pier is an amusement pier in Portsmouth, Hampshire.", "Clarence Pier __knowledge__ It is located next to Southsea Hoverport.", "Clarence Pier __knowledge__ Unlike most seaside piers in the UK, the pier does not extend very far out to sea and instead goes \"along\" the coast.", "Clarence Pier __knowledge__ The pier was originally constructed in 1861 and boasted a regular ferry service to the Isle of Wight.", "Clarence Pier __knowledge__ It was damaged by air raids during World War II and opened in its current form in 1961.", "Clarence Pier __knowledge__ The main entrance to the pier from the road is via a striking pavilion building with distinctive yellow and blue cladding and a small tower.", "Clarence Pier __knowledge__ This originally housed an amusement arcade and cafe although in more recent years, the upper floor has variously been used for \"Pirate Pete's\" indoor children's playground, a Wimpy bar while the 'Golden Horseshoe' amusement arcade and Coffee Cup (originally a prize bingo hall) remain on the ground floor.", "Deez Nuts (politician) __knowledge__ Deez Nuts was a satirical candidate, portrayed by Brady C. Olson, who ran in the 2016 United States presidential election.", "Deez Nuts (politician) __knowledge__ His form to run for office was filed with the Federal Election Commission in late July 2015.", "Deez Nuts (politician) __knowledge__ In polls conducted by Public Policy Polling in Iowa, Minnesota and North Carolina in mid-August 2015, he polled at 8, 8 and 9 percent respectively, garnering the attention of the media.", "Deez Nuts (politician) __knowledge__ On October 11, 2015, Deez Nuts announced on his Facebook page his intention to run for Speaker of the United States House of Representatives, citing his eligibility despite not being a member of the House itself and the scarcity of candidates.", "Felixstowe __knowledge__ Felixstowe ( ) is an Edwardian seaside town and civil parish between the River Orwell and River Deben on the North Sea coast of Suffolk, England.", "Felixstowe __knowledge__ The 2011 Census recorded the parish population as 23,689.", "Felixstowe __knowledge__ It includes the Port of Felixstowe, which is the largest container port in the United Kingdom.", "Felixstowe __knowledge__ The nearby small town of Walton is often viewed as an extension of Felixstowe as the two towns are virtually side by side, though Walton was the original village.", "Felixstowe __knowledge__ The quieter area nearer to the Deben River is often referred to as Old Felixstowe, although there is no formal classification of Old Felixstowe." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Video game __knowledge__ A video game is an electronic game that involves interaction with a user interface to generate visual feedback on a video device such as a TV screen or computer monitor.", "Video game __knowledge__ The word \"video\" in \"video game\" traditionally referred to a raster display device, but as of the 2000s, it implies any type of display device that can produce two- or three-dimensional images.", "Video game __knowledge__ Some theorists categorize video games as an art form, but this designation is controversial.", "Video game __knowledge__ The electronic systems used to play video games are known as platforms; examples of these are personal computers and video game consoles.", "Video game __knowledge__ These platforms range from large mainframe computers to small handheld computing devices.", "Video game __knowledge__ Specialized video games such as arcade games, in which the video game components are housed in a large, typically coin-operated chassis, while common in the 1980s in video arcades, have gradually declined due to the widespread availability of affordable home video game consoles (e.g., PlayStation 4, Xbox One and Nintendo Wii U) and video games on desktop and laptop computers and smartphones.", "Video game __knowledge__ The input device used for games, the game controller, varies across platforms.", "Video game __knowledge__ Common controllers include gamepads, joysticks, mouse devices, keyboards, the touchscreens of mobile devices, and buttons, or even, with the Kinect sensor, a person's hands and body.", "Xuecheng (monk) __knowledge__ Xuecheng (; born 3 October 1966) is a Buddhist monk, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, and a popular blogger.", "Xuecheng (monk) __knowledge__ He serves as abbot of Guanghua Temple (Putian), Famen Temple(Fufeng, Shaanxi), and Beijing Longquan Monastery.", "Xuecheng (monk) __knowledge__ In 2007 he was elected secretary general of the Buddhist Association of China, taking over the presidency of this organisation in 2015.", "Xuecheng (monk) __knowledge__ He is the youngest monastic ever to ascend to the position.", "Xuecheng (monk) __knowledge__ Xuecheng, named Fu Ruilin, was born as the eldest of three sons on October 3 (the nineteenth day of the eighth month of the lunar calendar), 1966, to a family of strong Buddhist culture in Luofeng village of Laidian Town, Xianyou County, Fujian Province.", "Ookla the Mok (band) __knowledge__ Ookla the Mok is a filk band fronted by Rand Bellavia and Adam English.", "Ookla the Mok (band) __knowledge__ The two met as undergraduates while attending Houghton College in 1988.", "Ookla the Mok (band) __knowledge__ The band is named after a character from the Ruby-Spears Productions cartoon \"Thundarr the Barbarian\", created by Steve Gerber.", "Ookla the Mok (band) __knowledge__ They provided the theme song to Disney's \"Fillmore!", "Ookla the Mok (band) __knowledge__ \", and scored the feature film \"Bite Me, Fanboy!\"", "Ookla the Mok (band) __knowledge__ They have won four Pegasus Awards for excellence in filk music, and the 2014 Logan Award for Outstanding Original Comedy Song (\"Mwahaha\").", "Ookla the Mok (band) __knowledge__ Ookla the Mok had the most requested song on Dr. Demento's syndicated radio show in both 2012 (\"Tantric Yoda\") and 2013.", "OK __knowledge__ \"OK\" (; spelling variations include \"okay\", \"O.K.", "OK __knowledge__ \", \"ok\") is an English word denoting approval, acceptance, agreement, assent, or acknowledgment.", "OK __knowledge__ \"OK\" is frequently used as a loanword in other languages.", "OK __knowledge__ It has been described as the most frequently spoken or written word on the planet.", "OK __knowledge__ As an adjective, \"OK\" principally means \"adequate\" or \"acceptable\" as a contrast to \"bad\" (\"The boss approved this, so it is OK to send out\"); it can also mean \"mediocre\" when used in contrast with \"good\" (\"The french fries were great, but the burger was just OK\").", "OK __knowledge__ It fulfills a similar role as an adverb (\"Wow, you did OK for your first time skiing!\").", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Pet Sounds is the eleventh studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released on May 16, 1966.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ It initially met with a lukewarm critical and commercial response in the United States, peaking at number 10 in the \"Billboard\" 200, a significantly lower placement than the band's preceding albums.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the album was hailed by its music press and was an immediate commercial success, peaking at number 2 in the UK Top 40 Albums Chart and remaining among the top ten positions for six months.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Originally promoted as \"the most progressive pop album ever\", \"Pet Sounds\" attracted recognition for its ambitious recording and unusually sophisticated music, and is widely considered to be one of the most influential albums in music history.", "Diver Down __knowledge__ Diver Down is the fifth studio album by American hard rock band Van Halen, released in 1982.", "Diver Down __knowledge__ It spent 65 weeks on the album chart in the United States and had, by 1998, sold four million copies in the US.", "Diver Down __knowledge__ The album cover artwork displays the \"diver down\" flag used in many US jurisdictions (which indicates a SCUBA diver is currently submerged in the area).", "Diver Down __knowledge__ Asked about the cover in a 1982 interview with Sylvie Simmons (\"Sounds\", June 23, 1982), David Lee Roth said it was meant to imply that \"there was something going on that's not apparent to your eyes.", "Diver Down __knowledge__ You put up the red flag with the white slash.", "Nashville Sounds __knowledge__ The Nashville Sounds are a Minor League Baseball team of the Pacific Coast League (PCL) and the Triple-A affiliate of the Oakland Athletics.", "Nashville Sounds __knowledge__ They are located in Nashville, Tennessee, and are named for the city's association with the music industry.", "Nashville Sounds __knowledge__ The team plays its home games at First Tennessee Park which opened in 2015 and is partially located on the site of the historic Sulphur Dell ballpark.", "Nashville Sounds __knowledge__ The Sounds previously played at Herschel Greer Stadium from its opening in 1978 until the end of the 2014 season.", "Nashville Sounds __knowledge__ Established as an expansion team of the Double-A Southern League in 1978, the Sounds were replaced by a Triple-A American Association team in 1985.", "Amusement arcade __knowledge__ An amusement arcade (often referred to as \"video arcade\" or simply \"arcade\") is a venue where people play arcade games such as video games, pinball machines, electro-mechanical games, redemption games, merchandisers (such as claw cranes), or coin-operated billiards or air hockey tables.", "Amusement arcade __knowledge__ In some countries, some types of arcades are also legally permitted to provide gambling machines such as slot machines or \"pachinko\" machines.", "Amusement arcade __knowledge__ Games are usually housed in cabinets.", "Amusement arcade __knowledge__ The term used for ancestors of these venues in the beginning of 20th century was penny arcades.", "Amusement arcade __knowledge__ Video games were introduced in amusement arcades in the late 1970s and were most popular during the golden age of arcade video games, the early 1980s.", "Arcade game __knowledge__ An arcade game or coin-op is a coin-operated entertainment machine typically installed in public businesses such as restaurants, bars and amusement arcades.", "Arcade game __knowledge__ Most arcade games are video games, pinball machines, electro-mechanical games, redemption games or merchandisers.", "Arcade game __knowledge__ While exact dates are debated, the golden age of arcade video games is usually defined as a period beginning sometime in the late 1970s and ending sometime in the mid-1980s.", "Arcade game __knowledge__ Excluding a brief resurgence in the early 1990s, the arcade industry subsequently declined in the Western hemisphere as competing Home video game console such as the Sony PlayStation and Microsoft Xbox increased in their graphics and game-play capability and decreased in cost.", "Pinball __knowledge__ Pinball is a type of arcade game, in which points are scored by a player manipulating one or more steel balls on a play field inside a glass-covered cabinet called a pinball machine (or \"pinball table\").", "Pinball __knowledge__ The primary objective of the game is to score as many points as possible.", "Pinball __knowledge__ Many modern pinball machines include a story line where the player must complete certain objectives in a certain fashion to complete the story, usually earning high scores for different methods of completing the game.", "Pinball __knowledge__ Points are earned when the ball strikes different targets on the play field.", "Pinball __knowledge__ A drain is situated at the bottom of the play field, partially protected by player-controlled plastic bats called flippers.", "Electronic game __knowledge__ An electronic game is a game that employs electronics to create an interactive system with which a player can play.", "Electronic game __knowledge__ Video game is the most common form today, and for this reason the two terms are often mistakenly used synonymously.", "Electronic game __knowledge__ Other common forms of electronic game include such products as handheld electronic games, standalone systems (e.g.", "Electronic game __knowledge__ pinball, slot machines, or electro-mechanical arcade games), and exclusively non-visual products (e.g.", "Electronic game __knowledge__ audio games).", "Electronic game __knowledge__ The earliest form of computer game to achieve any degree of mainstream use was the text-based Teletype game.", "Electronic game __knowledge__ Teletype games lack video display screens and instead present the game to the player by printing a series of characters on paper which the player reads as it emerges from the platen.", "Northwest Pinball and Arcade Show __knowledge__ The Northwest Pinball and Arcade Show is an annual pinball and arcade game festival held in Tacoma, Washington, United States The Northwest Pinball and Arcade Show draws between 3,000 collectors and fans each June to the Seattle area.", "Northwest Pinball and Arcade Show __knowledge__ The festival began as a small annual event held by Washington pinball collectors, but in 2008 became a full-fledged regional convention featuring hundreds of pinball machines, arcade games, electro-mechanical games, speakers, vendors and tournaments.", "Northwest Pinball and Arcade Show __knowledge__ In 2013 the show expanded in size, prompting a move from the Seattle Center to the Greater Tacoma Convention and Trade Center.", "History of video games __knowledge__ The history of video games goes as far back as the early 1950s, when academic computer scientists began designing simple games and simulations as part of their research.", "History of video games __knowledge__ Video gaming did not reach mainstream popularity until the 1970s and 1980s, when video arcade games and gaming consoles using joysticks, buttons, and other controllers, along with graphics on computer screens and home computer games were introduced to the general public.", "History of video games __knowledge__ Since the 1980s, video gaming has become a popular form of entertainment and a part of modern popular culture in most parts of the world.", "History of video games __knowledge__ One of the early games was \"Spacewar!", "WMS Industries __knowledge__ WMS Industries, Inc. is an American electronic gaming and amusement manufacturer in Enterprise, Nevada.", "WMS Industries __knowledge__ WMS traces its roots to 1943, to the Williams Manufacturing Company, founded by Harry E. Williams.", "WMS Industries __knowledge__ However, the company that became WMS Industries was formally founded in 1974 as Williams Electronics, Inc. Williams initially was a manufacturer of pinball machines.", "WMS Industries __knowledge__ In 1964, Williams was acquired by jukebox manufacturer Seeburg Corp. and reorganized as Williams Electronics Manufacturing Division.", "WMS Industries __knowledge__ In 1973, the company branched out into the coin-operated arcade video game market with its \"Pong\" clone \"Paddle Ball\", eventually creating a number of video game classics, including \"Defender\" and \".\"" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Video game __knowledge__ A video game is an electronic game that involves interaction with a user interface to generate visual feedback on a video device such as a TV screen or computer monitor.", "Video game __knowledge__ The word \"video\" in \"video game\" traditionally referred to a raster display device, but as of the 2000s, it implies any type of display device that can produce two- or three-dimensional images.", "Video game __knowledge__ Some theorists categorize video games as an art form, but this designation is controversial.", "Video game __knowledge__ The electronic systems used to play video games are known as platforms; examples of these are personal computers and video game consoles.", "Video game __knowledge__ These platforms range from large mainframe computers to small handheld computing devices.", "Video game __knowledge__ Specialized video games such as arcade games, in which the video game components are housed in a large, typically coin-operated chassis, while common in the 1980s in video arcades, have gradually declined due to the widespread availability of affordable home video game consoles (e.g., PlayStation 4, Xbox One and Nintendo Wii U) and video games on desktop and laptop computers and smartphones.", "Video game __knowledge__ The input device used for games, the game controller, varies across platforms.", "Video game __knowledge__ Common controllers include gamepads, joysticks, mouse devices, keyboards, the touchscreens of mobile devices, and buttons, or even, with the Kinect sensor, a person's hands and body.", "Pinball __knowledge__ Pinball is a type of arcade game, in which points are scored by a player manipulating one or more steel balls on a play field inside a glass-covered cabinet called a pinball machine (or \"pinball table\").", "Pinball __knowledge__ The primary objective of the game is to score as many points as possible.", "Pinball __knowledge__ Many modern pinball machines include a story line where the player must complete certain objectives in a certain fashion to complete the story, usually earning high scores for different methods of completing the game.", "Pinball __knowledge__ Points are earned when the ball strikes different targets on the play field.", "Pinball __knowledge__ A drain is situated at the bottom of the play field, partially protected by player-controlled plastic bats called flippers.", "Zen Studios __knowledge__ Zen Studios is an international video game developer and publisher of interactive entertainment software with headquarters in Budapest, Hungary and offices in the United States.", "Zen Studios __knowledge__ It is known for its game franchises, \"Pinball FX\" and \"Zen Pinball\", as well as \"CastleStorm\", a tower defense hybrid which received the Apple Store's Editor’s Choice award.", "Zen Studios __knowledge__ The company is considered \"synonymous with licensed pinball tables,\" having produced dozens of tables with characters and themes from the \"Star Wars\" and Marvel universes, films like \"Guardians of the Galaxy\", TV series like \"Archer\", \"South Park\", \"Family Guy\" and \"Bob's Burgers\", and video game franchises such as \"Plants vs. Zombies\", \"Portal\", \"Street Fighter\", and \"The Walking Dead\".", "List of Star Wars video games __knowledge__ This is a list of \"Star Wars\" video games.", "List of Star Wars video games __knowledge__ Though there have been many hobbyist-made and freeware games based on the \"Star Wars\" movie series and brand, this page lists only the games that have been developed and/or published by LucasArts, or officially licensed by Lucasfilm.", "List of Star Wars video games __knowledge__ The following is a list of \"Star Wars\" games that are based on the feature films.", "List of Star Wars video games __knowledge__ They are listed in order of release by film.", "List of Star Wars video games __knowledge__ Canceled: \"\" -Atari 2600 (unreleased) The following is a list of \"Star Wars\" games that are not based on a particular feature film, and form part of a series.", "List of Star Wars video games __knowledge__ The list is ordered from the oldest series to the Latest.", "Northwest Pinball and Arcade Show __knowledge__ The Northwest Pinball and Arcade Show is an annual pinball and arcade game festival held in Tacoma, Washington, United States The Northwest Pinball and Arcade Show draws between 3,000 collectors and fans each June to the Seattle area.", "Northwest Pinball and Arcade Show __knowledge__ The festival began as a small annual event held by Washington pinball collectors, but in 2008 became a full-fledged regional convention featuring hundreds of pinball machines, arcade games, electro-mechanical games, speakers, vendors and tournaments.", "Northwest Pinball and Arcade Show __knowledge__ In 2013 the show expanded in size, prompting a move from the Seattle Center to the Greater Tacoma Convention and Trade Center.", "Abdolhossein Sepanta __knowledge__ Abdolhossein Sepanta () (June 4, 1907 – March 28, 1969) was a noted Iranian film director and producer.", "Abdolhossein Sepanta __knowledge__ He made the earliest sound films in the Persian language.", "Abdolhossein Sepanta __knowledge__ He was also a writer and journalist and promotor of liberal politics.", "Abdolhossein Sepanta __knowledge__ Abdolhossein Sepanta was born in the Vagonkhaneh Avenue area in Tehran in 1907.", "Abdolhossein Sepanta __knowledge__ His father, Gholam Reza Khan was the translator of Mozzafar-al-Din Shah, a King of the Qajar dynasty.", "Abdolhossein Sepanta __knowledge__ Abdolhossein began his studies at the Saint Louis and Zoroastrian Colleges in Tehran circa 1925.", "Abdolhossein Sepanta __knowledge__ He found a keen interest in ancient Persian history and literature.", "Abdolhossein Sepanta __knowledge__ Therefore in 1927, he chose Sepanta as his surname.", "Metroid Prime Pinball __knowledge__ Metroid Prime Pinball is a pinball video game themed after the \"Metroid\" series.", "Metroid Prime Pinball __knowledge__ The game uses the graphical style and various story elements from \"Metroid Prime\".", "Metroid Prime Pinball __knowledge__ It was developed by Fuse Games for the Nintendo DS handheld game console, and released by Nintendo in North America and Australia in 2005, in Japan in 2006, and in Europe in 2007.", "Metroid Prime Pinball __knowledge__ \"Metroid Prime Pinball\" uses the basic mechanics of pinball, along with typical pinball items.", "Metroid Prime Pinball __knowledge__ New mechanics are introduced, such as wall jumping and the ability to fire weapons.", "Metroid Prime Pinball __knowledge__ The Nintendo DS's touchscreen can be nudged with a finger to alter the pinball's trajectory while in motion.", "Star Wars (film) __knowledge__ Star Wars (later retitled Star Wars: Episode IV – A New Hope) is a 1977 American epic space opera film written and directed by George Lucas.", "Star Wars (film) __knowledge__ It is the first film in the original \"Star Wars\" trilogy and the beginning of the \"Star Wars\" franchise.", "Star Wars (film) __knowledge__ Starring Mark Hamill, Harrison Ford, Carrie Fisher, Peter Cushing, Alec Guinness, David Prowse, James Earl Jones, Anthony Daniels, Kenny Baker, and Peter Mayhew, the film's plot focuses on the Rebel Alliance, led by Princess Leia (Fisher), and its attempt to destroy the Galactic Empire's space station, the Death Star.", "Star Wars (film) __knowledge__ This conflict disrupts the isolated life of farmhand Luke Skywalker (Hamill), who inadvertently acquires two droids that possess stolen architectural plans for the Death Star.", "History of video games __knowledge__ The history of video games goes as far back as the early 1950s, when academic computer scientists began designing simple games and simulations as part of their research.", "History of video games __knowledge__ Video gaming did not reach mainstream popularity until the 1970s and 1980s, when video arcade games and gaming consoles using joysticks, buttons, and other controllers, along with graphics on computer screens and home computer games were introduced to the general public.", "History of video games __knowledge__ Since the 1980s, video gaming has become a popular form of entertainment and a part of modern popular culture in most parts of the world.", "History of video games __knowledge__ One of the early games was \"Spacewar!", "Arcade game __knowledge__ An arcade game or coin-op is a coin-operated entertainment machine typically installed in public businesses such as restaurants, bars and amusement arcades.", "Arcade game __knowledge__ Most arcade games are video games, pinball machines, electro-mechanical games, redemption games or merchandisers.", "Arcade game __knowledge__ While exact dates are debated, the golden age of arcade video games is usually defined as a period beginning sometime in the late 1970s and ending sometime in the mid-1980s.", "Arcade game __knowledge__ Excluding a brief resurgence in the early 1990s, the arcade industry subsequently declined in the Western hemisphere as competing Home video game console such as the Sony PlayStation and Microsoft Xbox increased in their graphics and game-play capability and decreased in cost.", "Amusement arcade __knowledge__ An amusement arcade (often referred to as \"video arcade\" or simply \"arcade\") is a venue where people play arcade games such as video games, pinball machines, electro-mechanical games, redemption games, merchandisers (such as claw cranes), or coin-operated billiards or air hockey tables.", "Amusement arcade __knowledge__ In some countries, some types of arcades are also legally permitted to provide gambling machines such as slot machines or \"pachinko\" machines.", "Amusement arcade __knowledge__ Games are usually housed in cabinets.", "Amusement arcade __knowledge__ The term used for ancestors of these venues in the beginning of 20th century was penny arcades.", "Amusement arcade __knowledge__ Video games were introduced in amusement arcades in the late 1970s and were most popular during the golden age of arcade video games, the early 1980s.", "Golden age of arcade video games __knowledge__ The golden age of arcade video games was the era of greatest popularity and technological innovation for arcade video games.", "Golden age of arcade video games __knowledge__ The exact time period is disputed, but key moments include the release of \"Space Invaders\" in 1978 and the introduction of vector display technology in 1979.", "Golden age of arcade video games __knowledge__ Although the exact years differ, all timelines overlap in the early 1980s.", "Golden age of arcade video games __knowledge__ Technology journalist Jason Whittaker, in \"The Cyberspace Handbook\", places the beginning of the golden age in 1978, with the release of \"Space Invaders\".", "Golden age of arcade video games __knowledge__ Video game journalist Steven L. Kent, in his book \"The Ultimate History of Video Games\", places it at 1979 to 1983.", "Q*bert __knowledge__ Q*bert is an arcade game developed and published by Gottlieb in 1982.", "Q*bert __knowledge__ It is a 2D action game with puzzle elements that uses \"isometric\" graphics to create a pseudo-3D effect.", "Q*bert __knowledge__ The objective is to change the color of every cube in a pyramid by making the on-screen character hop on top of the cube while avoiding obstacles and enemies.", "Q*bert __knowledge__ Players use a joystick to control the character.", "Q*bert __knowledge__ The game was conceived by Warren Davis and Jeff Lee.", "Q*bert __knowledge__ Lee designed the title character and original concept, which was then further developed and implemented by Davis.", "Q*bert __knowledge__ \"Q*bert\" was developed under the project name Cubes." ] ]

[ 6, 44, 47, 54, 17 ]

[ "I play arcade games ", "I have been playing An amusement arcade", "it is a game where where people play arcade games such as video games, pinball machines, electro-mechanical games, redemption games, merchandisers", "I like pinball as a type of arcade game", "Is it part of a a list of \"Star Wars\" video games" ]

[ "Video game", "Video game", "Video game", "Video game", "Video game" ]

[ "Parrot\nI have a parrot. They are just like part of the family.", "I wonder how many different species of parrots there are?", "I think they are pretty intelligent for a bird, don't you?", "We love our parrot, but it really likes to scream and chew. I often wonder if they are actually good pets." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Parrot __knowledge__ Parrots, also known as psittacines , are birds of the roughly 393 species in 92 genera that make up the order Psittaciformes, found in most tropical and subtropical regions.", "Parrot __knowledge__ The order is subdivided into three superfamilies: the Psittacoidea (\"true\" parrots), the Cacatuoidea (cockatoos), and the Strigopoidea (New Zealand parrots).", "Parrot __knowledge__ Parrots have a generally pantropical distribution with several species inhabiting temperate regions in the Southern Hemisphere, as well.", "Parrot __knowledge__ The greatest diversity of parrots is in South America and Australasia.", "Parrot __knowledge__ Characteristic features of parrots include a strong, curved bill, an upright stance, strong legs, and clawed zygodactyl feet.", "Parrot __knowledge__ Many parrots are vividly coloured, and some are multi-coloured.", "Parrot __knowledge__ Most parrots exhibit little or no sexual dimorphism in the visual spectrum.", "Parrot __knowledge__ They form the most variably sized bird order in terms of length.", "Parrot __knowledge__ The most important components of most parrots' diets are seeds, nuts, fruit, buds, and other plant material.", "Parrot __knowledge__ A few species sometimes eat animals and carrion, while the lories and lorikeets are specialised for feeding on floral nectar and soft fruits.", "Parrot __knowledge__ Almost all parrots nest in tree hollows (or nest boxes in captivity), and lay white eggs from which hatch altricial (helpless) young.", "Mascarene parrot __knowledge__ The Mascarene parrot or Mascarin (\"Mascarinus mascarin\") is an extinct species of parrot that was endemic to the Mascarene island of Réunion in the western Indian Ocean.", "Mascarene parrot __knowledge__ The taxonomic relationships of this species have been subject to debate; it has historically been grouped with either the Psittaculini parrots or the vasa parrots, with the latest genetic study favouring the former group.", "Mascarene parrot __knowledge__ The Mascarene parrot was in length with a large red bill and long, rounded tail feathers.", "Mascarene parrot __knowledge__ Its legs were red, and it had naked red skin around the eyes and nostrils.", "Mascarene parrot __knowledge__ It had a black facial mask and partially white tail feathers, but the colouration of the body, wings and head is unclear.", "Broad-billed parrot __knowledge__ The broad-billed parrot or raven parrot (\"Lophopsittacus mauritianus\") is a large extinct parrot in the family Psittaculidae.", "Broad-billed parrot __knowledge__ It was endemic to the Mascarene island of Mauritius in the Indian Ocean east of Madagascar.", "Broad-billed parrot __knowledge__ It is unclear what other species it is most closely related to, but it has been classified as a member of the tribe Psittaculini, along with other Mascarene parrots.", "Broad-billed parrot __knowledge__ It had similarities with the Rodrigues parrot (\"Necropsittacus rodricanus\"), and may have been closely related.", "Broad-billed parrot __knowledge__ The broad-billed parrot's head was large in proportion to its body, and there was a distinct crest of feathers on the front of the head.", "Rodrigues parrot __knowledge__ The Rodrigues parrot (\"Necropsittacus rodricanus\") is an extinct species of parrot that was endemic to the Mascarene island of Rodrigues in the Indian Ocean, east of Madagascar.", "Rodrigues parrot __knowledge__ It is unclear to which other species it is most closely related, but it is classified as a member of the tribe Psittaculini, along with other Mascarene parrots.", "Rodrigues parrot __knowledge__ The Rodrigues parrot bore similarities to the broad-billed parrot of Mauritius, and may have been related.", "Rodrigues parrot __knowledge__ Two additional species have been assigned to its genus (\"N. francicus\" and \"N. borbonicus\"), based on descriptions of parrots from the other Mascarene islands, but their identities and validity have been debated.", "Orange-bellied parrot __knowledge__ The orange-bellied parrot (\"Neophema chrysogaster\") is a small broad-tailed parrot endemic to southern Australia, and one of only three species of parrot that migrate.", "Orange-bellied parrot __knowledge__ It was described by John Latham in 1790.", "Orange-bellied parrot __knowledge__ A small parrot around long, it exhibits sexual dimorphism.", "Orange-bellied parrot __knowledge__ The adult male is distinguished by its bright grass-green upperparts, yellow underparts and orange belly patch.", "Orange-bellied parrot __knowledge__ The adult female and juvenile are duller green in colour.", "Orange-bellied parrot __knowledge__ All birds have a prominent two-toned blue frontal band and blue outer wing feathers.", "Orange-bellied parrot __knowledge__ The orange-bellied parrot breeds in Tasmania and winters near the coast, foraging on saltmarsh species, beach or dune plants and a variety of exotic weed species on southern mainland Australia.", "Kent Kane Parrot __knowledge__ Kent Kane Parrot (c. 1882 - March 11, 1956) was an American political figure and attorney who was considered the \"boss\" of municipal politics in Los Angeles, California, in the 1920s.", "Kent Kane Parrot __knowledge__ Kane was a native of Kennebunkport, Maine, the son of a wealthy family.", "Kent Kane Parrot __knowledge__ In 1905, he married his third cousin, Mary O'Hara.", "Kent Kane Parrot __knowledge__ They had a son, Kent Kane Parrot, Jr., and a daughter who died of cancer in childhood.", "Kent Kane Parrot __knowledge__ Following the end of their marriage, O'Hara worked as a Hollywood screenwriter; her most noted work was \"My Friend Flicka\".", "Kent Kane Parrot __knowledge__ Parrot moved with O'Hara to Los Angeles in 1907, where Parrot attended USC Law School.", "Parrot virtual machine __knowledge__ Parrot is a register-based process virtual machine designed to run dynamic languages efficiently.", "Parrot virtual machine __knowledge__ It is possible to compile Parrot assembly language and PIR (an intermediate language) to Parrot bytecode and execute it.", "Parrot virtual machine __knowledge__ Parrot is free and open source software.", "Parrot virtual machine __knowledge__ Parrot was started by the Perl community and is developed with help from the open source and free software communities.", "Parrot virtual machine __knowledge__ As a result, it is focused on license compatibility with Perl (Artistic License 2.0), platform compatibility across a broad array of systems, processor architecture compatibility across most modern processors, speed of execution, small size (around 700k depending on platform), and the flexibility to handle the varying demands made by Perl 6 and other modern dynamic languages." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Parrot __knowledge__ Parrots, also known as psittacines , are birds of the roughly 393 species in 92 genera that make up the order Psittaciformes, found in most tropical and subtropical regions.", "Parrot __knowledge__ The order is subdivided into three superfamilies: the Psittacoidea (\"true\" parrots), the Cacatuoidea (cockatoos), and the Strigopoidea (New Zealand parrots).", "Parrot __knowledge__ Parrots have a generally pantropical distribution with several species inhabiting temperate regions in the Southern Hemisphere, as well.", "Parrot __knowledge__ The greatest diversity of parrots is in South America and Australasia.", "Parrot __knowledge__ Characteristic features of parrots include a strong, curved bill, an upright stance, strong legs, and clawed zygodactyl feet.", "Parrot __knowledge__ Many parrots are vividly coloured, and some are multi-coloured.", "Parrot __knowledge__ Most parrots exhibit little or no sexual dimorphism in the visual spectrum.", "Parrot __knowledge__ They form the most variably sized bird order in terms of length.", "Parrot __knowledge__ The most important components of most parrots' diets are seeds, nuts, fruit, buds, and other plant material.", "Parrot __knowledge__ A few species sometimes eat animals and carrion, while the lories and lorikeets are specialised for feeding on floral nectar and soft fruits.", "Parrot __knowledge__ Almost all parrots nest in tree hollows (or nest boxes in captivity), and lay white eggs from which hatch altricial (helpless) young.", "Companion parrot __knowledge__ A companion parrot is a parrot kept as a pet that interacts abundantly with their human counterpart.", "Companion parrot __knowledge__ Generally, most species of parrot can make excellent companions.", "Companion parrot __knowledge__ Species of parrots that are kept as companions include large parrots, such as amazons, African greys, cockatoos, eclectus, hawk-headed parrots, and macaws; mid-sized birds, such as caiques, conures, quakers, \"Pionus\", \"Poicephalus\", rose-ringed parakeets, and rosellas; and many of the smaller types, including \"Brotogeris\", budgies, cockatiels, parakeets, lovebirds, parrotlets and lineolated parakeets.", "Companion parrot __knowledge__ Some species of lories and lorikeets are kept as pets but are quite messy, and often more popular as aviary birds.", "Psittacus __knowledge__ Psittacus is a genus of African parrots in the subfamily \"Psittacinae\".", "Psittacus __knowledge__ It contains the two species: the grey parrot (\"Psittacus erithacus\") and the Timneh parrot (\"Psittacus timneh\").", "Psittacus __knowledge__ For many years, the grey parrot and Timneh parrot were classified as subspecies; the former as the nominate, the latter as \"P. e. timneh\".", "Psittacus __knowledge__ However, in 2012 the taxa were recognized as separate species by BirdLife International on the basis of genetic, morphological, plumage and vocal differences.", "Psittacus __knowledge__ These parrots are found in the primary and secondary rainforest of West and Central Africa.", "Psittacus __knowledge__ They are among the most intelligent birds in the world.", "Cockatoo __knowledge__ A cockatoo is a parrot that is any of the 21 species belonging to the bird family Cacatuidae, the only family in the superfamily Cacatuoidea.", "Cockatoo __knowledge__ Along with the Psittacoidea (true parrots) and the Strigopoidea (large New Zealand parrots), they make up the order Psittaciformes (parrots).", "Cockatoo __knowledge__ The family has a mainly Australasian distribution, ranging from the Philippines and the eastern Indonesian islands of Wallacea to New Guinea, the Solomon Islands and Australia.", "Cockatoo __knowledge__ Cockatoos are recognisable by the showy crests and curved bills.", "Cockatoo __knowledge__ Their plumage is generally less colourful than that of other parrots, being mainly white, grey or black and often with coloured features in the crest, cheeks or tail.", "Mascarene grey parakeet __knowledge__ The Mascarene grey parakeet or Thirioux’s grey parrot (\"Psittacula bensoni\"), is an extinct species of parrot which was endemic to the Mascarene islands of Mauritius and Réunion in the western Indian Ocean.", "Mascarene grey parakeet __knowledge__ It has been classified as a member of the tribe Psittaculini, along with other parrots from the islands.", "Mascarene grey parakeet __knowledge__ Subfossil bones of the Mascarene grey parakeet found on Mauritius were first described in 1973 as belonging to a smaller relative of the broad-billed parrot in the genus \"Lophopsittacus\".", "Mascarene grey parakeet __knowledge__ Apart from their size, the bones were very similar to those of other Mascarene parrots.", "Mascarene grey parakeet __knowledge__ The subfossils were later connected with 17th- and 18th-century descriptions of small grey parrots on Mauritius and Réunion, together with a single illustration published in a journal describing a voyage in 1602, and the species was instead reassigned to the genus \"Psittacula\".", "True parrot __knowledge__ The true parrots are about 350 species of colorful flighted (with a few notable exceptions) hook-billed, mostly herbivorous birds forming the superfamily Psittacoidea, one of the three superfamilies in the biological order Psittaciformes (parrots).", "True parrot __knowledge__ True parrots are widespread, with species in Mexico, Central and South America, sub-Saharan Africa, India, Southeast Asia, Australia, and eastwards across the Pacific Ocean as far as Polynesia.", "True parrot __knowledge__ The true parrots include many of the familiar parrots including macaws, conures, lorikeets, eclectus, Amazon parrots, African gray parrot, and budgerigar.", "True parrot __knowledge__ True parrots have a beak with a characteristic curved shape, the jaw with a mobility slightly higher than where it connects with the skull, and a generally upright position.", "Lovebird __knowledge__ A lovebird is the common name of \"Agapornis\" (Greek: αγάπη \"agape\" 'love'; όρνις \"ornis\" 'bird'), a small genus of parrot.", "Lovebird __knowledge__ Eight species are native to the African continent, with the grey-headed lovebird being native to Madagascar.", "Lovebird __knowledge__ Social and affectionate, the name comes from the parrots' strong, monogamous pair bonding and the long periods which paired birds spend sitting together.", "Lovebird __knowledge__ Lovebirds live in small flocks and eat fruit, vegetables, grasses, and seeds.", "Lovebird __knowledge__ Black-winged lovebirds also eat insects and figs, and the black-collared lovebirds have a special dietary requirement for native figs, making them problematic to keep in captivity.", "Amusement park __knowledge__ An amusement park is a park that features various attractions, such as rides and games, as well as other events for entertainment purposes.", "Amusement park __knowledge__ A theme park is a type of amusement park that bases its structures and attractions around a central theme, often featuring multiple areas with different themes.", "Amusement park __knowledge__ Unlike temporary and mobile funfairs and carnivals, amusement parks are stationary and built for long-lasting operation.", "Amusement park __knowledge__ They are more elaborate than city parks and playgrounds, usually providing attractions that cater to a variety of age groups.", "Amusement park __knowledge__ While amusement parks often contain themed areas, theme parks place a heavier focus with more intricately-designed themes that revolve around a particular subject or group of subjects.", "White City (amusement parks) __knowledge__ White City is the common name of dozens of amusement parks in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia.", "White City (amusement parks) __knowledge__ Inspired by the White City and Midway Plaisance sections of the World's Columbian Exhibition of 1893, the parks started gaining in popularity in the last few years of the 19th century.", "White City (amusement parks) __knowledge__ After the 1901 Pan-American Exposition inspired the first Luna Park in Coney Island, a frenzy in building amusement parks (including those to be named White City, Luna Park, and Electric Park) ensued in the first two decades of the 20th century.", "White City (amusement parks) __knowledge__ Like their Luna Park and Electric Park cousins, a typical White City park featured a shoot-the-chutes and lagoon, a roller coaster (usually a figure eight or a mountain railway), a midway, a Ferris wheel, games, and a pavilion.", "List of amusement park rankings __knowledge__ Amusement parks and theme parks are terms for a group of entertainment attractions, rides, and other events in a location for the enjoyment of large numbers of people.", "List of amusement park rankings __knowledge__ Amusement parks are located all around the world with millions of people visiting them every year.", "List of amusement park rankings __knowledge__ This list of amusement park rankings summarizes the attendance records, park rankings and the results of public polls of amusement parks around the world.", "List of amusement park rankings __knowledge__ This is a list of annual attendance figures of amusement parks and water parks released by TEA, the Themed Entertainment Association.", "List of amusement park rankings __knowledge__ This section lists the top 10 largest amusement park corporations in order of annual attendance.", "Coney Island __knowledge__ Coney Island is a peninsular residential neighborhood, beach, and leisure/entertainment destination of Long Island on the Coney Island Channel, which is part of the Lower Bay in the southwestern part of the borough of Brooklyn in New York City.", "Coney Island __knowledge__ The site was formerly an outer barrier island but became partially connected to the rest of Long Island by land fill.", "Coney Island __knowledge__ The residential portion of the peninsula is a community of 60,000 people in its western part, with Sea Gate to its west, Brighton Beach and Manhattan Beach to its east, the Lower Bay to the south, and Gravesend to the north.", "Coney Island __knowledge__ Coney Island is well known as the site of amusement parks and a seaside resort.", "National Amusement Park Historical Association __knowledge__ The National Amusement Park Historical Association (NAPHA) is an international organization dedicated to the preservation and enjoyment of the amusement and theme park industry – past, present and future.", "National Amusement Park Historical Association __knowledge__ NAPHA was founded in 1978 by a former employee of Chicago’s Riverview amusement park (closed 1967) and has grown through the years to include amusement park enthusiasts from around the world.", "National Amusement Park Historical Association __knowledge__ Since its founding in 1978, the National Amusement Park Historical Association (NAPHA) has worked closely with the amusement industry to further its mission of preserving its heritage and traditions.", "National Amusement Park Historical Association __knowledge__ As the world’s only organization dedicated to all aspects of the amusement industry, the organization fills a unique role.", "Trolley park __knowledge__ In the United States, trolley parks, which started in the 19th century, were picnic and recreation areas along or at the ends of streetcar lines in most of the larger cities.", "Trolley park __knowledge__ These were precursors to amusement parks.", "Trolley park __knowledge__ These trolley parks were created by the streetcar companies to give people a reason to use their services on weekends.", "Trolley park __knowledge__ These parks originally consisted of picnic groves and pavilions, and often held events such as dances, concerts and fireworks.", "Trolley park __knowledge__ Many eventually added features such as swimming pools, carousels, Ferris wheels, roller coasters, sports fields, boats rides, restaurants and other resort facilities to become amusement parks." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Parrot __knowledge__ Parrots, also known as psittacines , are birds of the roughly 393 species in 92 genera that make up the order Psittaciformes, found in most tropical and subtropical regions.", "Parrot __knowledge__ The order is subdivided into three superfamilies: the Psittacoidea (\"true\" parrots), the Cacatuoidea (cockatoos), and the Strigopoidea (New Zealand parrots).", "Parrot __knowledge__ Parrots have a generally pantropical distribution with several species inhabiting temperate regions in the Southern Hemisphere, as well.", "Parrot __knowledge__ The greatest diversity of parrots is in South America and Australasia.", "Parrot __knowledge__ Characteristic features of parrots include a strong, curved bill, an upright stance, strong legs, and clawed zygodactyl feet.", "Parrot __knowledge__ Many parrots are vividly coloured, and some are multi-coloured.", "Parrot __knowledge__ Most parrots exhibit little or no sexual dimorphism in the visual spectrum.", "Parrot __knowledge__ They form the most variably sized bird order in terms of length.", "Parrot __knowledge__ The most important components of most parrots' diets are seeds, nuts, fruit, buds, and other plant material.", "Parrot __knowledge__ A few species sometimes eat animals and carrion, while the lories and lorikeets are specialised for feeding on floral nectar and soft fruits.", "Parrot __knowledge__ Almost all parrots nest in tree hollows (or nest boxes in captivity), and lay white eggs from which hatch altricial (helpless) young.", "List of The Elenium and The Tamuli characters __knowledge__ Below is a list of fictional characters appearing in \"The Elenium\" and \"The Tamuli\", fantasy series written by David Eddings.", "List of The Elenium and The Tamuli characters __knowledge__ Sparhawk is the main character in the Elenium and Tamuli series.", "List of The Elenium and The Tamuli characters __knowledge__ He is a Pandion Knight and Champion of Queen Ehlana.", "List of The Elenium and The Tamuli characters __knowledge__ He marries Queen Ehlana and they have a child called Danae, who is the child goddess Aphrael in human form.", "List of The Elenium and The Tamuli characters __knowledge__ Sephrenia is the Styric instructor of the spells of Styricum, also known as the \"secrets\", to the Pandion Knights.", "List of The Elenium and The Tamuli characters __knowledge__ She is also the high priestess of Aphrael, the Child-Goddess, as well as being the older sister of one of Aphrael's incarnations, and a companion of Sparhawk.", "Johan Cruyff __knowledge__ Hendrik Johannes \"Johan\" Cruijff (, anglicised to Cruyff; 25 April 1947 – 24 March 2016) was a Dutch professional football player and coach.", "Johan Cruyff __knowledge__ As a player, he won the Ballon d'Or three times, in 1971, 1973, and 1974.", "Johan Cruyff __knowledge__ Cruyff was the most famous exponent of the football philosophy known as Total Football explored by Rinus Michels, and is widely regarded as one of the greatest players in football history.", "Johan Cruyff __knowledge__ In the 1970s, Dutch football rose from near obscurity to become a powerhouse in the sport.", "Johan Cruyff __knowledge__ Cruyff led the Netherlands to the final of the 1974 FIFA World Cup and received the Golden Ball as player of the tournament.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "Intelligent design __knowledge__ Intelligent design (ID) is a religious argument for the existence of God, presented by its proponents as \"an evidence-based scientific theory about life's origins\", though it has been discredited as pseudoscience.", "Intelligent design __knowledge__ Proponents claim that \"certain features of the universe and of living things are best explained by an intelligent cause, not an undirected process such as natural selection.\"", "Intelligent design __knowledge__ ID is a form of creationism that lacks empirical support and offers no testable or tenable hypotheses, so is not science.", "Intelligent design __knowledge__ The leading proponents of ID are associated with the Discovery Institute, a fundamentalist Christian and politically conservative think tank based in the United States.", "Intelligent design movement __knowledge__ The intelligent design movement is a neo-creationist religious campaign for broad social, academic and political change to promote and support the pseudoscientific idea of intelligent design (ID), which asserts that \"certain features of the universe and of living things are best explained by an intelligent cause, not an undirected process such as natural selection.\"", "Intelligent design movement __knowledge__ Its chief activities are a campaign to promote public awareness of this concept, the lobbying of policymakers to include its teaching in high school science classes, and legal action, either to defend such teaching or to remove barriers otherwise preventing it.", "Teleological argument __knowledge__ The teleological or physico-theological argument, also known as the argument from design, or intelligent design argument is an argument for the existence of God or, more generally, for an intelligent creator based on perceived evidence of deliberate design in the natural world.", "Teleological argument __knowledge__ The earliest recorded versions of this argument are associated with Socrates in ancient Greece, although it has been argued that he was taking up an older argument.", "Teleological argument __knowledge__ Plato, his student, and Aristotle, Plato's student, developed complex approaches to the proposal that the cosmos has an intelligent cause, but it was the Stoics who, under their influence, \"developed the battery of creationist arguments broadly known under the label 'The Argument from Design.", "Discovery Institute __knowledge__ The Discovery Institute (DI) is a politically conservative non-profit think tank based in Seattle, Washington, best known for its advocacy of the pseudoscientific principle of intelligent design (ID).", "Discovery Institute __knowledge__ Its \"Teach the Controversy\" campaign aims to permit teaching of anti-evolution, intelligent-design beliefs in United States public high school science courses alongside accepted scientific theories, positing that a scientific controversy exists over these subjects.", "Discovery Institute __knowledge__ In \"Kitzmiller v. Dover Area School District\" (2005), the United States District Court for the Middle District of Pennsylvania found: The proper application of both the endorsement and Lemon tests to the facts of this case makes it abundantly clear that the Board's ID Policy violates the Establishment Clause.", "Kakapo __knowledge__ The kakapo (Māori: kākāpō or \"night parrot\"), also called owl parrot (\"Strigops habroptila\"), is a species of large, flightless, nocturnal, ground-dwelling parrot of the super-family Strigopoidea, endemic to New Zealand.", "Kakapo __knowledge__ It has finely blotched yellow-green plumage, a distinct facial disc of sensory, vibrissa-like feathers, a large grey beak, short legs, large feet, and wings and a tail of relatively short length.", "Kakapo __knowledge__ A combination of traits make it unique among its kind; it is the world's only flightless parrot, the heaviest parrot, nocturnal, herbivorous, visibly sexually dimorphic in body size, has a low basal metabolic rate and no male parental care, and is the only parrot to have a polygynous lek breeding system.", "Mladen Stojanović __knowledge__ Mladen Stojanović (; 7 April 1896 – 1 April 1942) was a Bosnian Serb physician who led a detachment of Partisans on and around Mount Kozara in northwestern Bosnia during World War II in Yugoslavia.", "Mladen Stojanović __knowledge__ He was posthumously bestowed the Order of the People's Hero.", "Mladen Stojanović __knowledge__ At the age of fifteen, Stojanović became an activist in a group of student organizations called Young Bosnia, which strongly opposed Austria-Hungary's occupation of Bosnia-Herzegovina.", "Mladen Stojanović __knowledge__ In 1912, Stojanović was inducted into \"Narodna Odbrana\", an association founded in Serbia with the goal of organizing guerrilla resistance to Bosnia-Herzegovina's annexation by Austria-Hungary.", "New Zealand parrot __knowledge__ The New Zealand parrot superfamily (Strigopoidea) consists of three genera of parrots, \"Nestor\", \"Strigops\", and the fossil \"Nelepsittacus\".", "New Zealand parrot __knowledge__ The genus \"Nestor\" consists of the kea, kaka, Norfolk Island kaka and Chatham Island kaka, while the genus \"Strigops\" contains the iconic \"kākāpō\".", "New Zealand parrot __knowledge__ All extant species are endemic to New Zealand.", "New Zealand parrot __knowledge__ The species of the genus \"Nelepsittacus\" were endemics of the main islands, while the two extinct species of the genus \"Nestor\" were found at the nearby oceanic islands such as Chatham Island of New Zealand, and Norfolk Island and adjacent Phillip Island.", "New Zealand parrot __knowledge__ The modern common species names, \"kea, kākā\", and \"kākāpō\", are the same as the original Māori names.", "Dave Gallaher __knowledge__ David Gallaher (30October 1873 – 4October 1917) was an Irish-born New Zealand rugby union footballer best remembered as the captain of the \"Original All Blacks\"—the 1905–06 New Zealand national team, the first representative New Zealand side to tour the British Isles.", "Dave Gallaher __knowledge__ Under Gallaher's leadership the Originals won 34 out of 35 matches over the course of tour, including legs in France and North America; the New Zealanders scored 976 points and conceded only 59.", "Dave Gallaher __knowledge__ Before returning home he co-wrote the classic rugby text \"The Complete Rugby Footballer\" with his vice-captain Billy Stead.", "Dave Gallaher __knowledge__ Gallaher retired as a player after the 1905–06 tour and took up coaching and selecting; he was a selector for both Auckland and New Zealand for most of the following decade.", "List of parrots __knowledge__ Parrots, also known as psittacines (), are the 402 species of birds that make up the order Psittaciformes, found in most tropical and subtropical regions, of which 387 are extant.", "List of parrots __knowledge__ The order is subdivided into three superfamilies: the Psittacoidea (\"true\" parrots), the Cacatuoidea (cockatoos), and the Strigopoidea (New Zealand parrots).", "List of parrots __knowledge__ Parrots have a generally pantropical distribution with several species inhabiting temperate regions in the Southern Hemisphere as well.", "List of parrots __knowledge__ The greatest diversity of parrots is in South America and Australasia.", "List of parrots __knowledge__ The Cacatuoidea are quite distinct, having a movable head crest, a different arrangement of the carotid arteries, a gall bladder, differences in the skull bones, and lack the Dyck texture feathers that—in the Psittacoidea—scatter light to produce the vibrant colours of so many parrots.", "Tobias Saunders __knowledge__ Tobias Saunders (b.", "Tobias Saunders __knowledge__ ~1620 - d. 1695) was a Deputy to the Rhode Island General Assembly (1669, 1671, 1672, 1680, 1681, 1683, and 1690), a Conservator of the Peace (1669, 1678, and 1695) and a founding settler of Westerly, Rhode Island.", "Tobias Saunders __knowledge__ Tobias Saunders was born between 1620 and 1625, the second son and fourth child of Tobias Saunders and Isabel(la) Wilde of the town of Amersham, Buckinghamshire, England.", "Tobias Saunders __knowledge__ His paternal grandparents were Richard Saunders and Johanna Osburne.", "Tobias Saunders __knowledge__ His father owned a coaching inn and his grandfather owned the mill for the Manor of Amersham.", "Tobias Saunders __knowledge__ Before emigrating to America, Saunders was a soldier in England." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Parrot __knowledge__ Parrots, also known as psittacines , are birds of the roughly 393 species in 92 genera that make up the order Psittaciformes, found in most tropical and subtropical regions.", "Parrot __knowledge__ The order is subdivided into three superfamilies: the Psittacoidea (\"true\" parrots), the Cacatuoidea (cockatoos), and the Strigopoidea (New Zealand parrots).", "Parrot __knowledge__ Parrots have a generally pantropical distribution with several species inhabiting temperate regions in the Southern Hemisphere, as well.", "Parrot __knowledge__ The greatest diversity of parrots is in South America and Australasia.", "Parrot __knowledge__ Characteristic features of parrots include a strong, curved bill, an upright stance, strong legs, and clawed zygodactyl feet.", "Parrot __knowledge__ Many parrots are vividly coloured, and some are multi-coloured.", "Parrot __knowledge__ Most parrots exhibit little or no sexual dimorphism in the visual spectrum.", "Parrot __knowledge__ They form the most variably sized bird order in terms of length.", "Parrot __knowledge__ The most important components of most parrots' diets are seeds, nuts, fruit, buds, and other plant material.", "Parrot __knowledge__ A few species sometimes eat animals and carrion, while the lories and lorikeets are specialised for feeding on floral nectar and soft fruits.", "Parrot __knowledge__ Almost all parrots nest in tree hollows (or nest boxes in captivity), and lay white eggs from which hatch altricial (helpless) young.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ The following is a list of episodes from the American animated children's television series, \"Wonder Pets!\".", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ It debuted on March 3, 2006, on the Nick Jr. block of the Nickelodeon cable television network and Noggin (now Nick Jr.) on December 27, 2006.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ 1.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ Save the Dolphin!/Save the Chimp!", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ (Air Date 9/18/06) The Wonder Pets travel to Hawaii to save a baby dolphin caught in a fishing net who is in danger of drowning.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ The Wonder Pets rig their Flyboat for space travel and head for the stars to rescue a baby chimp whose spaceship is about to be hit by a meteor!", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ (Fact: Christine Ka'aloa plays the mother dolphin in this first episode.)", "Companion parrot __knowledge__ A companion parrot is a parrot kept as a pet that interacts abundantly with their human counterpart.", "Companion parrot __knowledge__ Generally, most species of parrot can make excellent companions.", "Companion parrot __knowledge__ Species of parrots that are kept as companions include large parrots, such as amazons, African greys, cockatoos, eclectus, hawk-headed parrots, and macaws; mid-sized birds, such as caiques, conures, quakers, \"Pionus\", \"Poicephalus\", rose-ringed parakeets, and rosellas; and many of the smaller types, including \"Brotogeris\", budgies, cockatiels, parakeets, lovebirds, parrotlets and lineolated parakeets.", "Companion parrot __knowledge__ Some species of lories and lorikeets are kept as pets but are quite messy, and often more popular as aviary birds.", "Cockatiel (aviculture) __knowledge__ Cockatiels (\"Nymphicus hollandicus\") are an Australian parrot that are generally regarded as good pets or companion parrots, having a sweet demeanour.", "Cockatiel (aviculture) __knowledge__ Like most other pets, the manner in which the animal is raised, handled, and kept has a profound effect on temperament.", "Cockatiel (aviculture) __knowledge__ Some birds are quite gregarious and sociable while others can be shy, retreating to the back of the cage when an unfamiliar figure appears.", "Cockatiel (aviculture) __knowledge__ If handled often and if they have a patient owner, cockatiels will become tame very quickly compared to some of the other parrot species.", "Cockatiel (aviculture) __knowledge__ Cockatiels are generally kept in a cage and allowed to exercise and socialise with their owners outside of the cage for a few hours a day (at least 1 to 2 hours).", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ This is a list of \"Strawberry Shortcake\" characters.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ There are (at this writing) four distinct continuities in which Strawberry Shortcake's adventures take place: The original, 1980s version, the 2003 reboot, the 2009/2010 reboot and the upcoming 2018 reboot.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Many of Strawberry Shortcake's friends appear in more than one continuity, and their appearance and/or characterization can vary greatly between versions.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Distinct traits will be noted in each of the circas in which a character happens to appear.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Strawberry Shortcake is the protagonist and the title character of \"The World of Strawberry Shortcake\" franchise.", "Lovebird __knowledge__ A lovebird is the common name of \"Agapornis\" (Greek: αγάπη \"agape\" 'love'; όρνις \"ornis\" 'bird'), a small genus of parrot.", "Lovebird __knowledge__ Eight species are native to the African continent, with the grey-headed lovebird being native to Madagascar.", "Lovebird __knowledge__ Social and affectionate, the name comes from the parrots' strong, monogamous pair bonding and the long periods which paired birds spend sitting together.", "Lovebird __knowledge__ Lovebirds live in small flocks and eat fruit, vegetables, grasses, and seeds.", "Lovebird __knowledge__ Black-winged lovebirds also eat insects and figs, and the black-collared lovebirds have a special dietary requirement for native figs, making them problematic to keep in captivity.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Digital ceramic printing on glass __knowledge__ Digital ceramic printing on glass is a technological development used for the application of imagery, pattern or text to the surface of flat glass.", "Digital ceramic printing on glass __knowledge__ Like other printing on glass methods, it uses a form of printmaking.", "Digital ceramic printing on glass __knowledge__ Digital ceramic printing on glass has allowed for new possibilities and improvements in flat glass decoration and treatment such as high levels of customization, translucency and opacity control, light diffusion and transmission, ability to calculate solar heat gain co-efficiency, electrical conductivity, slip resistance, and reduced incidences of bird collision.", "Digital ceramic printing on glass __knowledge__ Unlike paper or fabric, glass is nonabsorbent and transparent so applying digital printing technology had to be adapted to overcome the challenges presented by the glass itself.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ The following list describes each of the characters from the popular webseries \"Red vs. Blue\", originally created by Rooster Teeth Productions.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ Colonel Sarge is the leader of the Red Team on Blood Gulch.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He is voiced by Matt Hullum, co-creator of the series, and first appeared at the end of .", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He has a Southern accent.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ Sarge is somewhat bloodthirsty, and the only Blood Gulch soldier on either team to actually be serious about war.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ It is mentioned that he has a military background and briefly joined the ODSTs.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ His preferred weapon is a shotgun, which he carries at all times.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He has a passionate disgust for Grif, demonstrated by his repeated willingness to sacrifice Grif during combat missions as well as how all of his contingency plans are to kill Grif.", "BSAVE (bitmap format) __knowledge__ A BSAVE Image (aka \"BSAVED Image\") as it is referenced in a graphics program is an image file format created usually by saving raw video memory to disk (sometimes but not always in a BASIC program using the BSAVE command).", "BSAVE (bitmap format) __knowledge__ The BASIC BSAVE command is a general command meant for dumping ranges of memory addresses to disk.", "BSAVE (bitmap format) __knowledge__ Data could be recalled using the counterpart BLOAD command.", "BSAVE (bitmap format) __knowledge__ Some platforms provided a BRUN command that would immediately attempt to execute the loaded RAM image as a program.", "BSAVE (bitmap format) __knowledge__ BSAVE was in general use as a file format when the IBM PC was introduced.", "BSAVE (bitmap format) __knowledge__ It was also in general use on the Apple II in the same time period.", "Hungarian migrant quota referendum, 2016 __knowledge__ A referendum related to the European Union's migrant relocation plans was held in Hungary on 2 October 2016.", "Hungarian migrant quota referendum, 2016 __knowledge__ The referendum was initiated by the government, and it was commonly referred to as the \"kvótanépszavazás\" or \"kvótareferendum\" (quota referendum) in the Hungarian media.", "Hungarian migrant quota referendum, 2016 __knowledge__ While an overwhelming majority of voters rejected the EU's migrant quotas, turnout was too low to make the poll valid.", "Hungarian migrant quota referendum, 2016 __knowledge__ Hungary was one of the affected countries during the European migrant crisis.", "Hungarian migrant quota referendum, 2016 __knowledge__ On 17 June 2015, Viktor Orbán's Fidesz government (it is his third) announced the construction of a 175-kilometre-long fence along its southern border with Serbia." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 6, 8 ]

[ "Parrots are beautiful I like the colorful ones you see in amusement parks flying around in their tropical looking section.", "I know of one which is the ones from New Zealand known as the Strigopoidea those are favorites in Rio.", "Yes I have to agree beside their beautiful multi color they are so smart it is fascinating how they learn to talk and copy people. ", "That is so funny I would could mad if trying to sleep though and this huge sized bird is screaming all night lol." ]

[ "Parrot", "Parrot", "Parrot", "Parrot" ]

[ "Alcoholism\nAlcoholism affects a lot of families. Also I was reading that more young people are dying due to alcoholism ", "Over 3 million cases in the US alone. There are treatments available but many relapse and continue to drink.", "The treatments available are hospital detox and a shot called vivitrol. If you get the shot and drink it will make you very sick.", "Cirrhosis of the liver is deadly... My father passed away because of alcoholism and it deteriorated his body. " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ Alcoholism, also known as alcohol use disorder (AUD), is a broad term for any drinking of alcohol that results in mental or physical health problems.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ The disorder was previously divided into two types: alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ In a medical context, alcoholism is said to exist when two or more of the following conditions is present: a person drinks large amounts over a long time period, has difficulty cutting down, acquiring and drinking alcohol takes up a great deal of time, alcohol is strongly desired, usage results in not fulfilling responsibilities, usage results in social problems, usage results in health problems, usage results in risky situations, withdrawal occurs when stopping, and alcohol tolerance has occurred with use.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ Risky situations include drinking and driving or having unsafe sex, among other things.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ Alcohol use can affect all parts of the body, but it particularly affects the brain, heart, liver, pancreas, and immune system.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ This can result in mental illness, Wernicke–Korsakoff syndrome, an irregular heartbeat, cirrhosis of the liver, and an increase in the risk of cancer, among other diseases.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ Drinking during pregnancy can cause damage to the baby resulting in fetal alcohol spectrum disorders.", "Alcoholism in family systems __knowledge__ Alcoholism in family systems refers to the conditions in families that enable alcoholism, and the effects of alcoholic behavior by one or more family members on the rest of the family.", "Alcoholism in family systems __knowledge__ Mental health professionals are increasingly considering alcoholism and addiction as diseases that flourish in and are enabled by family systems.", "Alcoholism in family systems __knowledge__ Family members react to the alcoholic with particular behavioral patterns.", "Alcoholism in family systems __knowledge__ They may enable the addiction to continue by shielding the addict from the negative consequences of their actions.", "Alcoholism in family systems __knowledge__ Such behaviors are referred to as codependence.", "Alcoholism in family systems __knowledge__ In this way, the alcoholic is said to suffer from the disease of addiction, whereas the family members suffer from the disease of codependence.", "The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian __knowledge__ The Absolutely True Diary of a Part Time Indian is a 2007 novel for young adults written by Sherman Alexie and illustrated by Ellen Forney.", "The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian __knowledge__ The book won several awards, and was the first young adult fiction work by Alexie, a stand-up comedian, screenwriter, film producer, and songwriter who has previously written adult novels, short stories, poems, and screenplays.", "The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian __knowledge__ Alexie stated, \"I [wrote the book] because so many librarians, teachers, and teenagers kept asking me to write one.\"", "The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian __knowledge__ \"The Absolutely True Diary\" is a first-person narrative from the perspective of Native American teenager Arnold Spirit Jr., also known as \"Junior\", a 14-year-old budding cartoonist.", "Disease theory of alcoholism __knowledge__ The modern disease theory of alcoholism states that problem drinking is sometimes caused by a disease of the brain, characterized by altered brain structure and function.", "Disease theory of alcoholism __knowledge__ The American Medical Association (AMA) declared that alcoholism was an illness in 1956.", "Disease theory of alcoholism __knowledge__ In 1991, the AMA further endorsed the dual classification of alcoholism by the International Classification of Diseases under both psychiatric and medical sections.", "Disease theory of alcoholism __knowledge__ Alcoholism is a chronic problem.", "Disease theory of alcoholism __knowledge__ However, if managed properly, damage to the brain can be stopped and to some extent reversed.", "Disease theory of alcoholism __knowledge__ In addition to problem drinking, the disease is characterized by symptoms including an impaired control over alcohol, compulsive thoughts about alcohol, and distorted thinking.", "Binge drinking __knowledge__ Binge drinking, or heavy episodic drinking, is a modern epithet for drinking alcoholic beverages with an intention of becoming intoxicated by heavy consumption of alcohol over a short period of time.", "Binge drinking __knowledge__ Binge drinking is a style of drinking that is popular in several countries worldwide, and overlaps somewhat with social drinking since it is often done in groups.", "Binge drinking __knowledge__ The degree of intoxication, however, varies between and within various cultures that engage in this practice.", "Binge drinking __knowledge__ A binge on alcohol can occur over hours, last up to several days, or in the event of extended abuse, even weeks.", "Binge drinking __knowledge__ Due to the long-term effects of alcohol misuse, binge drinking is considered to be a major public health issue.", "The Natural History of Alcoholism Revisited __knowledge__ The Natural History of Alcoholism Revisited (1995) is a book by psychiatrist George E. Vaillant that describes two multi-decade studies of the lives of 600 American males, non-alcoholics at the outset, focusing on their lifelong drinking behaviours.", "The Natural History of Alcoholism Revisited __knowledge__ By following the men from youth to old age it was possible to chart their drinking patterns and what factors may have contributed to alcoholism.", "The Natural History of Alcoholism Revisited __knowledge__ Another study followed 100 severe alcoholics from a clinic eight years after their detoxification.", "The Natural History of Alcoholism Revisited __knowledge__ \"The National Review\" hailed the first edition (1983) as \"a genuine revolution in the field of alcoholism research\" and said that \"Vaillant has combined clinical experience with an unprecedented amount of empirical data to produce what may ultimately come to be viewed as the single most important contribution to the literature of alcoholism since the first edition of AA's Big Book.\"", "Moroccan Christmas __knowledge__ \"Moroccan Christmas\" is the eleventh episode of the fifth season of the television series \"The Office\", and the show's eighty-third episode overall.", "Moroccan Christmas __knowledge__ The episode aired in the United States on December 11, 2008 on NBC.", "Moroccan Christmas __knowledge__ It is the third Christmas-themed episode of \"The Office\" and the first in two years, as 2007's planned edition was abandoned due to the 2007–2008 Writers Guild of America strike.", "Moroccan Christmas __knowledge__ In this episode, Phyllis throws a Moroccan-themed Christmas party as head of the Party Planning Committee, infuriating former head Angela.", "Moroccan Christmas __knowledge__ The party takes a dark turn when Meredith gets drunk and accidentally sets her hair on fire." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ Alcoholism, also known as alcohol use disorder (AUD), is a broad term for any drinking of alcohol that results in mental or physical health problems.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ The disorder was previously divided into two types: alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ In a medical context, alcoholism is said to exist when two or more of the following conditions is present: a person drinks large amounts over a long time period, has difficulty cutting down, acquiring and drinking alcohol takes up a great deal of time, alcohol is strongly desired, usage results in not fulfilling responsibilities, usage results in social problems, usage results in health problems, usage results in risky situations, withdrawal occurs when stopping, and alcohol tolerance has occurred with use.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ Risky situations include drinking and driving or having unsafe sex, among other things.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ Alcohol use can affect all parts of the body, but it particularly affects the brain, heart, liver, pancreas, and immune system.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ This can result in mental illness, Wernicke–Korsakoff syndrome, an irregular heartbeat, cirrhosis of the liver, and an increase in the risk of cancer, among other diseases.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ Drinking during pregnancy can cause damage to the baby resulting in fetal alcohol spectrum disorders.", "Royal Stag __knowledge__ Royal Stag, also known as Seagram's Royal Stag, is an Indian brand of whisky launched in 1995.", "Royal Stag __knowledge__ It is available in many countries across the world in various pack sizes.", "Royal Stag __knowledge__ It is Pernod Ricard's best selling brand by volume.", "Royal Stag __knowledge__ It is a blend of grain spirits and imported Scotch malts.", "Royal Stag __knowledge__ It is commonly available in 1 L, 750 ml, 375 ml and 180 ml bottles and also available in 90 ml and 60 ml bottles.", "Royal Stag __knowledge__ The brand is named after a species of deer famous for its antlers, that is also featured in its logo.", "Royal Stag __knowledge__ It is produced in several company-owned as well as bottler-owned distilleries.", "Royal Stag __knowledge__ It was the first whisky brand launched in India that did not use any artificial flavours.", "Tuberculosis management __knowledge__ Tuberculosis management refers to the medical treatment of the infectious disease tuberculosis (TB).", "Tuberculosis management __knowledge__ The standard \"short\" course treatment for TB is isoniazid (along with pyridoxal phosphate to obviate peripheral neuropathy caused by isoniazid), rifampicin (also known as rifampin in the United States), pyrazinamide, and ethambutol for two months, then isoniazid and rifampicin alone for a further four months.", "Tuberculosis management __knowledge__ The patient is considered to be free of living bacteria after six months.", "Tuberculosis management __knowledge__ For latent tuberculosis, the standard treatment is six to nine months of daily isoniazid alone or three months of weekly (12 doses total) of isoniazid/rifapentine combination.", "Malaria __knowledge__ Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease affecting humans and other animals caused by parasitic protozoans (a group of single-celled microorganisms) belonging to the \"Plasmodium\" type.", "Malaria __knowledge__ Malaria causes symptoms that typically include fever, tiredness, vomiting, and headaches.", "Malaria __knowledge__ In severe cases it can cause yellow skin, seizures, coma, or death.", "Malaria __knowledge__ Symptoms usually begin ten to fifteen days after being bitten.", "Malaria __knowledge__ If not properly treated, people may have recurrences of the disease months later.", "Malaria __knowledge__ In those who have recently survived an infection, reinfection usually causes milder symptoms.", "Malaria __knowledge__ This partial resistance disappears over months to years if the person has no continuing exposure to malaria.", "Network of Excellence for Functional Biomaterials __knowledge__ The Network of Excellence for Functional Biomaterials, NFB, is a multidisciplinary research center which hosts over sixty biologists, chemists, scientists, engineers, and clinicians.", "Network of Excellence for Functional Biomaterials __knowledge__ It is based at the National University of Ireland, Galway and is directed by Professor Abhay Pandit.", "Network of Excellence for Functional Biomaterials __knowledge__ NFB specialises in the development of biomaterials platforms with focus on clinical targets in the areas of musculoskeletal and cardiovascular reconstruction, neural regeneration, soft tissue repair and ophthalmic applications, and is continuously developing functional biomaterials for innovative therapeutic solutions.", "Ovarian cancer __knowledge__ Ovarian cancer is a cancer that forms in or on an ovary.", "Ovarian cancer __knowledge__ It results in abnormal cells that have the ability to invade or spread to other parts of the body.", "Ovarian cancer __knowledge__ When this process begins, there may be no or only vague symptoms.", "Ovarian cancer __knowledge__ Symptoms become more noticeable as the cancer progresses.", "Ovarian cancer __knowledge__ These symptoms may include bloating, pelvic pain, abdominal swelling, and loss of appetite, among others.", "Ovarian cancer __knowledge__ Common areas to which the cancer may spread include the lining of the abdomen, lymph nodes, lungs, and liver.", "Ovarian cancer __knowledge__ The risk of ovarian cancer increases in women who have ovulated more over their lifetime.", "Ovarian cancer __knowledge__ This includes those who have never had children, those who begin ovulation at a younger age and those who reach menopause at an older age.", "Relapse (Eminem album) __knowledge__ Relapse is the sixth studio album by American rapper Eminem.", "Relapse (Eminem album) __knowledge__ The album was released on May 19, 2009, under Aftermath Entertainment, Shady Records, and Interscope Records.", "Relapse (Eminem album) __knowledge__ It was his first album of original material since \"Encore\" (2004), following a four-year hiatus from recording due to his writer's block and an addiction to prescription sleeping medication.", "Relapse (Eminem album) __knowledge__ Recording sessions for the album took place during 2007 to 2009 at several recording studios, and Dr. Dre, Mark Batson, and Eminem handled production.", "Relapse (Eminem album) __knowledge__ Conceptually, \"Relapse\" concerns the ending of his drug rehabilitation, rapping after a non-fictional relapse, and the return of his Slim Shady alter-ego.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Social anxiety disorder (SAD), also known as social phobia, is an anxiety disorder characterized by a significant amount of fear in one or more social situations, causing considerable distress and impaired ability to function in at least some parts of daily life.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ These fears can be triggered by perceived or actual scrutiny from others.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Physical symptoms often include excessive blushing, excess sweating, trembling, palpitations, and nausea.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Stammering may be present, along with rapid speech.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Panic attacks can also occur under intense fear and discomfort.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Some sufferers may use alcohol or other drugs to reduce fears and inhibitions at social events.", "Mental disorder __knowledge__ A mental disorder, also called a mental illness or psychiatric disorder, is a behavioral or mental pattern that causes significant distress or impairment of personal functioning.", "Mental disorder __knowledge__ Such features may be persistent, relapsing and remitting, or occur as a single episode.", "Mental disorder __knowledge__ Many disorders have been described, with signs and symptoms that vary widely between specific disorders.", "Mental disorder __knowledge__ Such disorders may be diagnosed by a mental health professional.", "Mental disorder __knowledge__ The causes of mental disorders are often unclear.", "Mental disorder __knowledge__ Theories may incorporate findings from a range of fields.", "Mental disorder __knowledge__ Mental disorders are usually defined by a combination of how a person behaves, feels, perceives, or thinks.", "Separation anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Separation anxiety disorder (SAD), is an anxiety disorder in which an individual experiences excessive anxiety regarding separation from home or from people to whom the individual has a strong emotional attachment (e.g., a parent, caregiver, significant other or siblings).", "Separation anxiety disorder __knowledge__ It is most common in infants and small children, typically between the ages of 6–7 months to 3 years, although it may pathologically manifest itself in older children, adolescents and adults.", "Separation anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Separation anxiety is a natural part of the developmental process.", "Separation anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Unlike SAD (indicated by excessive anxiety), normal separation anxiety indicates healthy advancements in a child's cognitive maturation and should not be considered a developing behavioral problem.", "Mental health __knowledge__ Mental health is a level of psychological well-being, or an absence of mental illness.", "Mental health __knowledge__ It is the \"psychological state of someone who is functioning at a satisfactory level of emotional and behavioural adjustment\".", "Mental health __knowledge__ From the perspective of positive psychology or holism, mental health may include an individual's ability to enjoy life, and create a balance between life activities and efforts to achieve psychological resilience.", "Mental health __knowledge__ According to the World Health Organization (WHO), mental health includes \"subjective well-being, perceived self-efficacy, autonomy, competence, inter-generational dependence, and self-actualization of one's intellectual and emotional potential, among others.\"", "Cerebral palsy __knowledge__ Cerebral palsy (CP) is a group of permanent movement disorders that appear in early childhood.", "Cerebral palsy __knowledge__ Signs and symptoms vary among people.", "Cerebral palsy __knowledge__ Often, symptoms include poor coordination, stiff muscles, weak muscles, and tremors.", "Cerebral palsy __knowledge__ There may be problems with sensation, vision, hearing, swallowing, and speaking.", "Cerebral palsy __knowledge__ Often babies with cerebral palsy do not roll over, sit, crawl, or walk as early as other children of their age.", "Cerebral palsy __knowledge__ Other symptoms may include seizures and problems with thinking or reasoning, either of which occurs in about one third of people with CP.", "Cerebral palsy __knowledge__ While the symptoms may get more noticeable over the first few years of life, the underlying problems do not worsen over time.", "Schizoaffective disorder __knowledge__ Schizoaffective disorder (SZA, SZD or SAD) is a mental disorder characterized by abnormal thought processes and deregulated emotions.", "Schizoaffective disorder __knowledge__ The diagnosis is made when the person has features of both schizophrenia and a mood disorder—either bipolar disorder or depression—but does not strictly meet diagnostic criteria for either alone.", "Schizoaffective disorder __knowledge__ The bipolar type is distinguished by symptoms of mania, hypomania, or mixed episode; the depressive type by symptoms of depression only.", "Schizoaffective disorder __knowledge__ Common symptoms of the disorder include hallucinations, paranoid delusions, and disorganized speech and thinking.", "Schizoaffective disorder __knowledge__ The onset of symptoms usually begins in young adulthood, currently with an uncertain lifetime prevalence because the disorder was redefined, but DSM-IV prevalence estimates have been less than one percent of the population, in the range of 0.5 to 0.8 percent.", "Seasonal affective disorder __knowledge__ Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) is a mood disorder subset in which people who have normal mental health throughout most of the year exhibit depressive symptoms at the same time each year, most commonly in the winter.", "Seasonal affective disorder __knowledge__ People may sleep too much or have little energy.", "Seasonal affective disorder __knowledge__ The condition in the summer can include heightened anxiety.", "Seasonal affective disorder __knowledge__ In the \"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders\" DSM-IV and DSM-5, its status was changed.", "Seasonal affective disorder __knowledge__ It is no longer classified as a unique mood disorder but is now a specifier, called \"with seasonal pattern\", for recurrent major depressive disorder that occurs at a specific time of the year and fully remits otherwise." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ Alcoholism, also known as alcohol use disorder (AUD), is a broad term for any drinking of alcohol that results in mental or physical health problems.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ The disorder was previously divided into two types: alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ In a medical context, alcoholism is said to exist when two or more of the following conditions is present: a person drinks large amounts over a long time period, has difficulty cutting down, acquiring and drinking alcohol takes up a great deal of time, alcohol is strongly desired, usage results in not fulfilling responsibilities, usage results in social problems, usage results in health problems, usage results in risky situations, withdrawal occurs when stopping, and alcohol tolerance has occurred with use.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ Risky situations include drinking and driving or having unsafe sex, among other things.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ Alcohol use can affect all parts of the body, but it particularly affects the brain, heart, liver, pancreas, and immune system.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ This can result in mental illness, Wernicke–Korsakoff syndrome, an irregular heartbeat, cirrhosis of the liver, and an increase in the risk of cancer, among other diseases.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ Drinking during pregnancy can cause damage to the baby resulting in fetal alcohol spectrum disorders.", "Naltrexone __knowledge__ Naltrexone, sold under the brand names ReVia and Vivitrol among others, is a medication primarily used to manage alcohol dependence and opioid dependence.", "Naltrexone __knowledge__ In opioid dependence, it should not be started until people are detoxified.", "Naltrexone __knowledge__ It is taken by mouth or by injection into a muscle.", "Naltrexone __knowledge__ Effects begin within 30 minutes.", "Naltrexone __knowledge__ A decreased desire for opioids however may take a few weeks.", "Naltrexone __knowledge__ Side effects may include trouble sleeping, anxiety, nausea, and headaches.", "Naltrexone __knowledge__ In those still on opioids, opioid withdrawal may occur.", "Naltrexone __knowledge__ Use is not recommended in people with liver failure.", "Naltrexone __knowledge__ It is unclear if use is safe during pregnancy.", "Bad Science (book) __knowledge__ Bad Science is a book by Ben Goldacre, criticising mainstream media reporting on health and science issues.", "Bad Science (book) __knowledge__ It was published by Fourth Estate in September 2008.", "Bad Science (book) __knowledge__ It has been positively reviewed by the \"British Medical Journal\" and the \"Daily Telegraph\" and has reached the Top 10 bestseller list for Amazon Books.", "Bad Science (book) __knowledge__ It was shortlisted for the 2009 Samuel Johnson Prize.", "Bad Science (book) __knowledge__ Bad Science or BadScience is also the title of Goldacre's column in \"The Guardian\" and his website.", "Bad Science (book) __knowledge__ A brief introduction (by Goldacre) touching on subjects covered by subsequent chapters.", "Bad Science (book) __knowledge__ It bemoans the widespread lack of understanding of evidence-based science.", "Detoxification (alternative medicine) __knowledge__ Detoxification (sometimes called body cleansing) is a type of alternative medicine treatment which aims to rid the body of unspecified \"toxins\" – accumulated substances that proponents claim have undesirable short-term or long-term effects on individual health.", "Detoxification (alternative medicine) __knowledge__ Activities commonly associated with detoxification include dieting, fasting, consuming exclusively or avoiding specific foods (such as fats, carbohydrates, fruits, vegetables, juices, herbs, or water), colon cleansing, chelation therapy, and the removal of dental fillings.", "Detoxification (alternative medicine) __knowledge__ The concept has received criticism from scientists and health organizations for its unsound scientific basis and lack of evidence for the claims they make.", "Opioid epidemic __knowledge__ The opioid epidemic or opioid crisis is the rapid increase in the use of prescription and non-prescription opioid drugs in the United States and Canada beginning in the late 1990s and continuing throughout the first two decades of the 2000s.", "Opioid epidemic __knowledge__ Opioids are a diverse class of moderately strong painkillers, including oxycodone (commonly sold under the trade names OxyContin and Percocet), hydrocodone (Vicodin), and a very strong painkiller, fentanyl, which is synthesized to resemble other opiates such as opium-derived morphine and heroin.", "Opioid epidemic __knowledge__ The potency and availability of these substances, despite their high risk of addiction and overdose, have made them popular both as formal medical treatments and as recreational drugs.", "Skagboys __knowledge__ Skagboys is a 2012 novel by Scottish writer Irvine Welsh.", "Skagboys __knowledge__ It is a prequel to his 1993 novel \"Trainspotting\", and its 2002 sequel \"Porno\".", "Skagboys __knowledge__ It follows the earlier lives of characters Renton and Sick Boy as they first descend into heroin addiction.", "Skagboys __knowledge__ When Welsh described the novel he said: \"I think I’m going to call it Skag Boys: “skag” is my favourite word for heroin.", "Skagboys __knowledge__ It’s set before they’re into heroin and investigates how the main characters become junkies, the family dynamics, the anxieties of young men.", "Skagboys __knowledge__ A lot of the fringe characters become more prominent\".", "Skagboys __knowledge__ \"I had a great deal of material that for various reasons, namely pace and because it didn't fit with the timeframe, wasn't suitable for the book.", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that first appeared in the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\" in 2017, by order of first appearance.", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ All characters are introduced by the show's executive producer Sean O'Connor or, from 27 November, his successor as executive consultant, John Yorke.", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ The first character to be introduced was Keegan Baker (Zack Morris), a friend of Shakil Kazemi (Shaheen Jafargholi), followed by Emerald Fox (Doña Croll), the mother of Denise Fox (Diane Parish) and Kim Fox-Hubbard (Tameka Empson).", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ Madison Drake (Seraphina Beh), Alexandra D'Costa (Sydney Craven) and Travis Law-Hughes (Alex James-Phelps), three new teenage characters, were also introduced in January as well as their school teacher Mr Gethin Pryce (Cerith Flinn) and Hugo Browning (Simon Williams), the chairman of Weyland & Co.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of character summaries from the FX Networks television series, \"The Shield\".", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ Captain Monica Rawling is a fictional character from the FX television show \"The Shield\", played by Glenn Close, who received an Emmy nomination as Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series for her performance.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ Monica Rawling succeeded David Aceveda as Captain of the Farmington precinct.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ A morally strong woman, she tried to redeem Vic Mackey and Ronnie Gardocki by involving them in a controversial asset forfeiture program designed to clean up Farmington, by destroying the neighborhood drug trade.", "Binge drinking __knowledge__ Binge drinking, or heavy episodic drinking, is a modern epithet for drinking alcoholic beverages with an intention of becoming intoxicated by heavy consumption of alcohol over a short period of time.", "Binge drinking __knowledge__ Binge drinking is a style of drinking that is popular in several countries worldwide, and overlaps somewhat with social drinking since it is often done in groups.", "Binge drinking __knowledge__ The degree of intoxication, however, varies between and within various cultures that engage in this practice.", "Binge drinking __knowledge__ A binge on alcohol can occur over hours, last up to several days, or in the event of extended abuse, even weeks.", "Binge drinking __knowledge__ Due to the long-term effects of alcohol misuse, binge drinking is considered to be a major public health issue.", "Adolescence __knowledge__ Adolescence () is a transitional stage of physical and psychological development that generally occurs during the period from puberty to legal adulthood (age of majority).", "Adolescence __knowledge__ Adolescence is usually associated with the teenage years, but its physical, psychological or cultural expressions may begin earlier and end later.", "Adolescence __knowledge__ For example, puberty now typically begins during preadolescence, particularly in females.", "Adolescence __knowledge__ Physical growth (particularly in males), and cognitive development can extend into the early twenties.", "Adolescence __knowledge__ Thus age provides only a rough marker of adolescence, and scholars have found it difficult to agree upon a precise definition of adolescence.", "Chronology of the 2009 Honduran constitutional crisis __knowledge__ The 2009 Honduran constitutional crisis was a political confrontation concerning the events that led to, included, and followed the 2009 Honduran coup d'état and the political breakdown associated with it.", "Chronology of the 2009 Honduran constitutional crisis __knowledge__ The coup was repudiated around the globe, but Roberto Micheletti, head of the government installed after the coup, has claimed that the Honduran Supreme Court ordered the detention of Manuel Zelaya, deposed President of Honduras, and that the following succession was constitutionally valid.", "Chronology of the 2009 Honduran constitutional crisis __knowledge__ The policies of Zelaya drifted to the left, causing conflicts with the political establishment.", "Chronology of the 2009 Honduran constitutional crisis __knowledge__ He advocated a constitutional assembly to write or reform the constitution with a fourth ballot box referendum, but opponents considered writing or reforming the constitution via a referendum was unconstitutional.", "Checkpoint (1956 film) __knowledge__ Checkpoint is a 1956 British film noir crime drama film directed by Ralph Thomas and starring Anthony Steel, Odile Versois, Stanley Baker, and James Robertson Justice.", "Checkpoint (1956 film) __knowledge__ Before a major motor race in Italy a man by the name of O'Donovan (Stanley Baker), is hired by Warren Ingram (James Robertson Justice), owner of a British racing team to headhunt the designer of the rival Volta D'Italia team.", "Checkpoint (1956 film) __knowledge__ However, he fails and instead makes a botched attempt to steal the original blue print designs by breaking into the factory and burgling an office safe in the Volta D'Italia factory located in Firenze, Italy (Florence).", "Riba __knowledge__ Riba ( \"\", ) can be roughly translated as \"Usury\", or unjust, exploitative gains made in trade or business under Islamic law.", "Riba __knowledge__ \"Riba\" is mentioned and condemned in several different verses in the Qur'an (3:130, 4:161, 30:39 and perhaps most commonly in 2:275-2:280).", "Riba __knowledge__ It is also mentioned in many ahadith.", "Riba __knowledge__ While Muslims agree that \"riba\" is prohibited, not all agree on what precisely it is, or whether its use should be punished by humans rather than Allah.", "Riba __knowledge__ It is often used as an Islamic term for interest charged on loans, and the belief this is based on — that there is a consensus among Muslims that all loan/bank interest is \"riba\" — forms the basis of a $2 trillion Islamic banking industry.", "People Take Pictures of Each Other __knowledge__ \"People Take Pictures of Each Other\" is the fifteenth and final track on the Kinks' 1968 album, \"The Kinks Are the Village Green Preservation Society\".", "People Take Pictures of Each Other __knowledge__ It was written by Ray Davies.", "People Take Pictures of Each Other __knowledge__ \"People Take Pictures of Each Other\", the second track on \"The Kinks Are the Village Green Preservation Society\" having to do with photography (the other being \"Picture Book\"), takes a sardonic look on how people must \"take pictures of each other, just to prove that they really existed\" and how \"Fathers take pictures of the mothers, and the sisters take pictures of brothers, just to show that they love one another.\"", "Environmental racism in Europe __knowledge__ Environmental racism in Europe has been documented in relation to racialized immigrant and migrant populations alongside Romani (Roma/Gypsy), Yenish, Irish Traveller, and communities (such as the Sami, Komi, and Nenets) from within continental borders.", "Environmental racism in Europe __knowledge__ Environmental racism is the practice of environmental injustice within a racialized context, in which socially marginalized communities and minority groups are subjected to disproportionate exposure of environmental hazards, denial of access to sources of ecological sustenance such as clean air, water, and natural resources, or infringement of environmentally related human rights." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ Alcoholism, also known as alcohol use disorder (AUD), is a broad term for any drinking of alcohol that results in mental or physical health problems.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ The disorder was previously divided into two types: alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ In a medical context, alcoholism is said to exist when two or more of the following conditions is present: a person drinks large amounts over a long time period, has difficulty cutting down, acquiring and drinking alcohol takes up a great deal of time, alcohol is strongly desired, usage results in not fulfilling responsibilities, usage results in social problems, usage results in health problems, usage results in risky situations, withdrawal occurs when stopping, and alcohol tolerance has occurred with use.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ Risky situations include drinking and driving or having unsafe sex, among other things.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ Alcohol use can affect all parts of the body, but it particularly affects the brain, heart, liver, pancreas, and immune system.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ This can result in mental illness, Wernicke–Korsakoff syndrome, an irregular heartbeat, cirrhosis of the liver, and an increase in the risk of cancer, among other diseases.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ Drinking during pregnancy can cause damage to the baby resulting in fetal alcohol spectrum disorders.", "Hepatitis __knowledge__ Hepatitis is inflammation of the liver tissue.", "Hepatitis __knowledge__ Some people have no symptoms whereas others develop yellow discoloration of the skin and whites of the eyes, poor appetite, vomiting, tiredness, abdominal pain, or diarrhea.", "Hepatitis __knowledge__ Hepatitis may be temporary (acute) or long term (chronic) depending on whether it lasts for less than or more than six months.", "Hepatitis __knowledge__ Acute hepatitis can sometimes resolve on its own, progress to chronic hepatitis, or rarely result in acute liver failure.", "Hepatitis __knowledge__ Over time the chronic form may progress to scarring of the liver, liver failure, or liver cancer.", "Hepatitis __knowledge__ The most common cause worldwide is viruses.", "Cirrhosis __knowledge__ Cirrhosis is a condition in which the liver does not function properly due to long-term damage.", "Cirrhosis __knowledge__ This damage is characterized by the replacement of normal liver tissue by scar tissue.", "Cirrhosis __knowledge__ Typically, the disease develops slowly over months or years.", "Cirrhosis __knowledge__ Early on, there are often no symptoms.", "Cirrhosis __knowledge__ As the disease worsens, a person may become tired, weak, itchy, have swelling in the lower legs, develop yellow skin, bruise easily, have fluid build up in the abdomen, or develop spider-like blood vessels on the skin.", "Cirrhosis __knowledge__ The fluid build-up in the abdomen may become spontaneously infected.", "Cirrhosis __knowledge__ Other complications include hepatic encephalopathy, bleeding from dilated veins in the esophagus or dilated stomach veins, and liver cancer.", "Hepatocellular carcinoma __knowledge__ Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer in adults, and is the most common cause of death in people with cirrhosis.", "Hepatocellular carcinoma __knowledge__ It occurs in the setting of chronic liver inflammation, and is most closely linked to chronic viral hepatitis infection (hepatitis B or C) or exposure to toxins such as alcohol or aflatoxin.", "Hepatocellular carcinoma __knowledge__ Certain diseases, such as hemochromatosis and alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency, markedly increase the risk of developing HCC.", "Hepatocellular carcinoma __knowledge__ Metabolic syndrome and NASH are also increasingly recognized as risk factors for HCC.", "Hepatocellular carcinoma __knowledge__ As with any cancer, the treatment and prognosis of HCC vary depending on the specifics of tumor histology, size, how far the cancer has spread, and overall health.", "Alcoholic liver disease __knowledge__ Alcoholic liver disease is a term that encompasses the liver manifestations of alcohol overconsumption, including fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, and chronic hepatitis with liver fibrosis or cirrhosis.", "Alcoholic liver disease __knowledge__ It is the major cause of liver disease in Western countries.", "Alcoholic liver disease __knowledge__ Although steatosis (fatty liver) will develop in any individual who consumes a large quantity of alcoholic beverages over a long period of time, this process is transient and reversible.", "Alcoholic liver disease __knowledge__ Of all chronic heavy drinkers, only 15–20% develop hepatitis or cirrhosis, which can occur concomitantly or in succession.", "Alcoholic liver disease __knowledge__ The mechanism behind this is not completely understood.", "Liver __knowledge__ The liver, an organ only found in vertebrates, detoxifies various metabolites, synthesizes proteins, and produces biochemicals necessary for digestion.", "Liver __knowledge__ In humans, it is located in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen, below the diaphragm.", "Liver __knowledge__ Its other roles in metabolism include the regulation of glycogen storage, decomposition of red blood cells and the production of hormones.", "Liver __knowledge__ The liver is an accessory digestive gland that produces bile, an alkaline compound which helps the breakdown of fat.", "Liver __knowledge__ Bile aids in digestion via the emulsification of lipids.", "Liver __knowledge__ The gallbladder, a small pouch that sits just under the liver, stores bile produced by the liver.", "Hepatorenal syndrome __knowledge__ Hepatorenal syndrome (often abbreviated HRS) is a life-threatening medical condition that consists of rapid deterioration in kidney function in individuals with cirrhosis or fulminant liver failure.", "Hepatorenal syndrome __knowledge__ HRS is usually fatal unless a liver transplant is performed, although various treatments, such as dialysis, can prevent advancement of the condition.", "Hepatorenal syndrome __knowledge__ HRS can affect individuals with cirrhosis, severe alcoholic hepatitis, or liver failure, and usually occurs when liver function deteriorates rapidly because of a sudden insult such as an infection, bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract, or overuse of diuretic medications.", "Pancreatic cancer __knowledge__ Pancreatic cancer arises when cells in the pancreas, a glandular organ behind the stomach, begin to multiply out of control and form a mass.", "Pancreatic cancer __knowledge__ These cancerous cells have the ability to invade other parts of the body.", "Pancreatic cancer __knowledge__ There are a number of types of pancreatic cancer.", "Pancreatic cancer __knowledge__ The most common, pancreatic adenocarcinoma, accounts for about 85% of cases, and the term \"pancreatic cancer\" is sometimes used to refer only to that type.", "Pancreatic cancer __knowledge__ These adenocarcinomas start within the part of the pancreas which makes digestive enzymes.", "Pancreatic cancer __knowledge__ Several other types of cancer, which collectively represent the majority of the non-adenocarcinomas, can also arise from these cells.", "Offal __knowledge__ Offal , also called variety meats, pluck or organ meats, refers to the internal organs and entrails of a butchered animal.", "Offal __knowledge__ The word does not refer to a particular list of edible organs, which varies by culture and region, but includes most internal organs excluding muscle and bone.", "Offal __knowledge__ As an English mass noun, the term \"offal\" has no plural form.", "Offal __knowledge__ Some cultures strongly consider offal as food to be taboo, while others use it as everyday food, or in delicacies.", "Offal __knowledge__ Certain offal dishes—including \"foie gras\", \"pâté\" and sweetbread—are considered gourmet food in international cuisine.", "Offal __knowledge__ Others remain part of traditional regional cuisine and may be consumed especially in connection with holidays.", "Insulin __knowledge__ Insulin (from Latin \"insula\", island) is a peptide hormone produced by beta cells of the pancreatic islets, and it is considered to be the main anabolic hormone of the body.", "Insulin __knowledge__ It regulates the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and protein by promoting the absorption of, especially, glucose from the blood into liver, fat and skeletal muscle cells.", "Insulin __knowledge__ In these tissues the absorbed glucose is converted into either glycogen via glycogenesis or fats (triglycerides) via lipogenesis, or, in the case of the liver, into both.", "Insulin __knowledge__ Glucose production and secretion by the liver is strongly inhibited by high concentrations of insulin in the blood.", "Organ donation __knowledge__ Organ donation is when a person allows an organ of theirs to be removed, legally, either by consent while the donor is alive or after death with the assent of the next of kin.", "Organ donation __knowledge__ Donation may be for research, or, more commonly healthy transplantable organs and tissues may be donated to be transplanted into another person.", "Organ donation __knowledge__ Common transplantations include: kidneys, heart, liver, pancreas, intestines, lungs, bones, bone marrow, skin, and corneas.", "Organ donation __knowledge__ Some organs and tissues can be donated by living donors, such as a kidney or part of the liver, part of the pancreas, part of the lungs or part of the intestines, but most donations occur after the donor has died.", "Long-term effects of alcohol consumption __knowledge__ The long-term effects of alcohol (also known formally as ethanol) consumption range from cardioprotective health benefits for low to moderate alcohol consumption in industrialized societies with higher rates of cardiovascular disease to severe detrimental effects in cases of chronic alcohol abuse.", "Long-term effects of alcohol consumption __knowledge__ Health effects associated with alcohol intake in large amounts include an increased risk of alcoholism, malnutrition, chronic pancreatitis, alcoholic liver disease and cancer.", "Long-term effects of alcohol consumption __knowledge__ In addition, damage to the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system can occur from chronic alcohol abuse.", "Long-term effects of alcohol consumption __knowledge__ The long-term use of alcohol is capable of damaging nearly every organ and system in the body.", "Human digestive system __knowledge__ The human digestive system consists of the gastrointestinal tract plus the accessory organs of digestion (the tongue, salivary glands, pancreas, liver, and gallbladder).", "Human digestive system __knowledge__ In this system, the process of digestion has many stages, the first of which starts in the mouth.", "Human digestive system __knowledge__ Digestion involves the breakdown of food into smaller and smaller components, until they can be absorbed and assimilated into the body.", "Human digestive system __knowledge__ Chewing, in which food is mixed with saliva begins the process of digestion.", "Human digestive system __knowledge__ This produces a bolus which can be swallowed down the esophagus and into the stomach.", "Human digestive system __knowledge__ Here it is mixed with gastric juice until it passes into the duodenum where it is mixed with a number of enzymes produced by the pancreas." ] ]

[ 1, 4, 5, 0 ]

[ "It is sad. It is a horrible disorder that creates all sorts of mental and physical problems.", "Yes and lots of people take risks by drinking and driving.", "Drinking does affect much of the body like the brain, heart, liver, and pancreas.", "Yes it is. I too have had family members die because of alcoholism." ]

[ "Alcoholism", "Alcoholism", "Alcoholism", "Alcoholism" ]

[ "Shark attack", "Oh my! I bet that was a scary ordeal and I hope you were okay and didn't have too many injuries. Sharks are dangerous creatures!", "It's true! I remember seeing on Discovery Channel that they often confuse humans for other sea creatures like seals, so they can be dangerous! I'm glad the guide saved your life!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Shark attack __knowledge__ A shark attack is an attack on a human by a shark.", "Shark attack __knowledge__ Every year around 80 unprovoked attacks are reported worldwide.", "Shark attack __knowledge__ Despite their relative rarity, many people fear shark attacks after occasional serial attacks, such as the Jersey Shore shark attacks of 1916, and horror fiction and films such as the \"Jaws\" series.", "Shark attack __knowledge__ Out of more than 489 shark species, only three are responsible for a double-digit number of fatal, unprovoked attacks on humans: the great white, tiger, and bull.", "Shark attack __knowledge__ The oceanic whitetip has probably killed many more castaways, but these are not recorded in the statistics.", "Shark attack __knowledge__ According to the International Shark Attack File (ISAF), between 1958 and 2016 there were 2,785 confirmed unprovoked shark attacks around the world, of which 439 were fatal.", "Shark attack __knowledge__ In 2000, there were 79 shark attacks reported worldwide, 11 of them fatal.", "Shark attack __knowledge__ In 2005 and 2006 this number decreased to 61 and 62 respectively, while the number of fatalities dropped to only four per year.", "Shark attack __knowledge__ The 2016 yearly total of 81 shark attacks worldwide was on par with the most recent five-year (2011–2015) average of 82 incidents annually.", "Shark attack __knowledge__ By contrast, the 98 shark attacks in 2015, was the highest yearly total on record.", "Shark attack __knowledge__ There were four fatalities worldwide in 2016, which is lower than the average of eight fatalities per year worldwide in the 2011–2015 period and six deaths per annum over the past decade." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Shark attack __knowledge__ A shark attack is an attack on a human by a shark.", "Shark attack __knowledge__ Every year around 80 unprovoked attacks are reported worldwide.", "Shark attack __knowledge__ Despite their relative rarity, many people fear shark attacks after occasional serial attacks, such as the Jersey Shore shark attacks of 1916, and horror fiction and films such as the \"Jaws\" series.", "Shark attack __knowledge__ Out of more than 489 shark species, only three are responsible for a double-digit number of fatal, unprovoked attacks on humans: the great white, tiger, and bull.", "Shark attack __knowledge__ The oceanic whitetip has probably killed many more castaways, but these are not recorded in the statistics.", "Shark attack __knowledge__ According to the International Shark Attack File (ISAF), between 1958 and 2016 there were 2,785 confirmed unprovoked shark attacks around the world, of which 439 were fatal.", "Shark attack __knowledge__ In 2000, there were 79 shark attacks reported worldwide, 11 of them fatal.", "Shark attack __knowledge__ In 2005 and 2006 this number decreased to 61 and 62 respectively, while the number of fatalities dropped to only four per year.", "Shark attack __knowledge__ The 2016 yearly total of 81 shark attacks worldwide was on par with the most recent five-year (2011–2015) average of 82 incidents annually.", "Shark attack __knowledge__ By contrast, the 98 shark attacks in 2015, was the highest yearly total on record.", "Shark attack __knowledge__ There were four fatalities worldwide in 2016, which is lower than the average of eight fatalities per year worldwide in the 2011–2015 period and six deaths per annum over the past decade.", "List of Primeval characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters in the ITV science fiction television series \"Primeval\", including supporting characters.", "List of Primeval characters __knowledge__ The series originally features a cast of five main characters plus supporting cast who investigate time anomalies for the British government.", "List of Primeval characters __knowledge__ The series 1 cast is made up of Douglas Henshall as Professor Nick Cutter, James Murray as Stephen Hart, Andrew-Lee Potts as Connor Temple, Lucy Brown as Claudia Brown and Hannah Spearritt as Abby Maitland, with Juliet Aubrey as Helen Cutter, Ben Miller as James Lester and Mark Wakeling as Captain Tom Ryan.", "List of Primeval characters __knowledge__ In the final episode of Series 1, Captain Tom Ryan is killed off, and Claudia Brown disappears.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ The following is list of characters the appear in the cartoon series, \"Generator Rex\".", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ Ricardo \"Rex\" Salazar is a young human-looking E.V.O, but unlike other E.V.O.s, Rex has the ability to control his nanites at will, allowing him to cure other E.V.O.s of their mutations and use his nanites to create a variety of machines on his body and communicate with a variety of machines.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ Rex is overconfident, impulsive, and typically, rebellious.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ He has a quick wit and is constantly making jokes.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ However, when Rex needs to defend himself, he doesn't hold back.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ He prefers to smash anything that gets in his way.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "Kölner Haie __knowledge__ The Kölner Haie (Cologne Sharks) are an ice hockey club based in Cologne, Germany that plays in the professional Deutsche Eishockey Liga (DEL).", "Kölner Haie __knowledge__ The team was one of the founding members of the DEL.", "Kölner Haie __knowledge__ The \"Kölner Haie\" play their home games in the DEL and the German Cup (DEB-Pokal) at the Lanxess Arena, which opened in 1998, located in the district Deutz.", "Kölner Haie __knowledge__ With room for 18,650 spectators, the Lanxess Arena is amongst the biggest multi-functional arenas in Europe, and the \"Kölner Haie\" have the second highest average attendance in European ice hockey behind Swiss team \"SC Bern\".", "Kölner Haie __knowledge__ Previously, the \"Kölner Haie\" played their home games at the \"Eisstadion an der Lentstraße\".", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "List of Winnie-the-Pooh characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters appearing in the Winnie-the-Pooh books and the Disney adaptations of the series.", "List of Winnie-the-Pooh characters __knowledge__ Winnie-the-Pooh, or Pooh for short, is an anthropomorphic, soft-voiced, cuddly, loveable and quiet toy bear and the main protagonist.", "List of Winnie-the-Pooh characters __knowledge__ Despite being naïve and slow-witted, he is a friendly, thoughtful and sometimes insightful character who is always willing to help his friends and try his best.", "List of Winnie-the-Pooh characters __knowledge__ A prime motivation is his love for honey, which quite often leads to trouble.", "List of Winnie-the-Pooh characters __knowledge__ In the books, Pooh is a talented poet, and the stories are frequently punctuated by his poems and \"hums.\"", "List of Winnie-the-Pooh characters __knowledge__ He is humble about his slow-wittedness, but comfortable with his creative gifts.", "List of Ben 10 villains __knowledge__ Below is a list of all the villains who appear in the \"Ben 10\" universe ranging from \"Ben 10\", \"\", \"\", \"\", and \"Ben 10 (Reboot)\".", "List of Ben 10 villains __knowledge__ Each of the villains has been sorted into the TV series that he or she debuted in.", "List of Ben 10 villains __knowledge__ Voiced by: Vilgax is a warlord who is Ben's first and most recurring nemesis through the series.", "List of Ben 10 villains __knowledge__ Being of the Chimera Sui Generis (named after the mythological Chimera) race, who are able to turn into giant squid-like creatures when exposed to water, Vilgax was exiled from his home world for being ruthless, cruel, and power hungry.", "List of Ben 10 villains __knowledge__ Soon after, Vilgax meets Maltruant as depicted in the Omniverse series finale which had him indirectly learn of the Omnitrix's existence when attacked by George Washington and a mysterious figure later revealed to be Ben.", "Shark __knowledge__ Sharks are a group of elasmobranch fish characterized by a cartilaginous skeleton, five to seven gill slits on the sides of the head, and pectoral fins that are not fused to the head.", "Shark __knowledge__ Modern sharks are classified within the clade Selachimorpha (or Selachii) and are the sister group to the rays.", "Shark __knowledge__ However, the term \"shark\" has also been used for extinct members of the subclass Elasmobranchii outside the Selachimorpha, such as \"Cladoselache\" and \"Xenacanthus\", as well as other Chondrichthyes such as the holocephalid eugenedontidans.", "Shark __knowledge__ Under this broader definition, the earliest known sharks date back to more than 420 million years ago.", "Great white shark __knowledge__ The great white shark (\"Carcharodon carcharias\"), commonly known as the great white or the white shark, is a species of large mackerel shark which can be found in the coastal surface waters of all the major oceans.", "Great white shark __knowledge__ The great white shark is notable for its size, with larger female individuals growing to in length and in weight at maturity.", "Great white shark __knowledge__ However most are smaller, males measuring and females on average.", "Great white shark __knowledge__ According to a 2014 study the lifespan of great white sharks is estimated to be as long as 70 years or more, well above previous estimates, making it one of the longest lived cartilaginous fish currently known.", "Backpacking (travel) __knowledge__ Backpacking is a form of low-cost, independent travel.", "Backpacking (travel) __knowledge__ It includes the use of a backpack that is easily carried for long distances or long periods of time; the use of public transport; inexpensive lodging such as youth hostels; often a longer duration of the trip when compared with conventional vacations; and often an interest in meeting locals as well as seeing sights.", "Backpacking (travel) __knowledge__ Backpacking may include wilderness adventures, local travel and travel to nearby countries while working from the country in which they are based.", "Backpacking (travel) __knowledge__ The definition of a backpacker has evolved as travellers from different cultures and regions participate.", "2002 Venezuelan coup d'état attempt __knowledge__ The Venezuelan coup d'état attempt of 2002 was a failed coup d'état on 11 April 2002 that saw President Hugo Chávez ousted from office for 47 hours before being restored to power.", "2002 Venezuelan coup d'état attempt __knowledge__ Chávez, who had been elected in 2000, was aided in his return to power by actions from military loyalists and support from the country's poor.", "2002 Venezuelan coup d'état attempt __knowledge__ The situation began on 9 April, when a general strike was called for by the national federation of trade unions, Confederación de Trabajadores de Venezuela (CTV).", "2002 Venezuelan coup d'état attempt __knowledge__ The proposed strike was in response to Chávez's appointments of political allies to prominent posts in Venezuela's national oil company, PDVSA.", "Bull shark __knowledge__ The bull shark (\"Carcharhinus leucas\"), also known as the Zambezi shark (informally \"zambi\") in Africa, and Lake Nicaragua shark in Nicaragua, is a requiem shark commonly found worldwide in warm, shallow waters along coasts and in rivers.", "Bull shark __knowledge__ The bull shark is known for its aggressive nature, predilection for warm shallow water, and presence in brackish and freshwater systems including estuaries and rivers.", "Bull shark __knowledge__ Bull sharks can thrive in both salt and fresh water and can travel far up rivers.", "Bull shark __knowledge__ They have been known to travel up the Mississippi River as far as Alton, Illinois, about 700 miles (1100 km) from the ocean.", "Backpacking (wilderness) __knowledge__ Backpacking is the outdoor recreation of carrying gear on one's back, while hiking for more than a day.", "Backpacking (wilderness) __knowledge__ It is often but not always an extended journey, and may or may not involve camping outdoors.", "Backpacking (wilderness) __knowledge__ In North America tenting is common, where simple shelters and mountain huts found widely in Europe are rare.", "Backpacking (wilderness) __knowledge__ In New Zealand, tramping is an equivalent term though overnight huts are frequently used.", "Backpacking (wilderness) __knowledge__ Hill walking is the equivalent in Britain, though backpackers make use of all kinds of accommodation, in addition to camping.", "Backpacking (wilderness) __knowledge__ Backpackers use simple huts in South Africa.", "Backpacking (wilderness) __knowledge__ Similar terms used in other countries are trekking and bushwalking." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Shark attack __knowledge__ A shark attack is an attack on a human by a shark.", "Shark attack __knowledge__ Every year around 80 unprovoked attacks are reported worldwide.", "Shark attack __knowledge__ Despite their relative rarity, many people fear shark attacks after occasional serial attacks, such as the Jersey Shore shark attacks of 1916, and horror fiction and films such as the \"Jaws\" series.", "Shark attack __knowledge__ Out of more than 489 shark species, only three are responsible for a double-digit number of fatal, unprovoked attacks on humans: the great white, tiger, and bull.", "Shark attack __knowledge__ The oceanic whitetip has probably killed many more castaways, but these are not recorded in the statistics.", "Shark attack __knowledge__ According to the International Shark Attack File (ISAF), between 1958 and 2016 there were 2,785 confirmed unprovoked shark attacks around the world, of which 439 were fatal.", "Shark attack __knowledge__ In 2000, there were 79 shark attacks reported worldwide, 11 of them fatal.", "Shark attack __knowledge__ In 2005 and 2006 this number decreased to 61 and 62 respectively, while the number of fatalities dropped to only four per year.", "Shark attack __knowledge__ The 2016 yearly total of 81 shark attacks worldwide was on par with the most recent five-year (2011–2015) average of 82 incidents annually.", "Shark attack __knowledge__ By contrast, the 98 shark attacks in 2015, was the highest yearly total on record.", "Shark attack __knowledge__ There were four fatalities worldwide in 2016, which is lower than the average of eight fatalities per year worldwide in the 2011–2015 period and six deaths per annum over the past decade.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Glass sea creatures __knowledge__ The glass sea creatures (alternately called the \"Blaschka sea creatures\", \"glass marine invertebrates\", and \"Blaschka invertebrate models\") are works of glass artists Leopold and Rudolf Blaschka.", "Glass sea creatures __knowledge__ The spiritual predecessors of the Glass Flowers, the sea creatures were the output of the Blaschkas' successful mail-order business of supplying museums and private collectors around the world with sets of glass models of marine invertebrates.", "Glass sea creatures __knowledge__ Between 1863 and 1880, the Blaschkas – working in Dresden – executed at least 10,000 of these highly detailed glass models, representing some 700 different species.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "List of Saint Seiya: The Lost Canvas characters __knowledge__ This article comprises a list of characters of the manga \"\" by Shiori Teshirogi.", "List of Saint Seiya: The Lost Canvas characters __knowledge__ The names of Athena's Saints include their constellations, and Hades' Specters include their destiny stars, being in both cases the last one their real names.", "List of Saint Seiya: The Lost Canvas characters __knowledge__ As some of the characters appear only in this derivative work and not in Masami Kurumada's original manga, their canonicity within the universe of Kurumada's work is still unrevealed.", "List of Saint Seiya: The Lost Canvas characters __knowledge__ Age: 15 Age: 15 During the next two years, his personality undergoes a drastic change after realizing everything he painted dies.", "List of Saint Seiya: The Lost Canvas characters __knowledge__ Convinced by Hypnos, he starts to believe that death is the ultimate salvation.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the various characters throughout the Japanese tokusatsu series \"Garo\", not including the Horrors, a breed of demonic beings that make for most of the series antagonists.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ The various holders of the title are the main characters of the franchise, armed with the blade.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ The Garo title, based on the word for \"hope\" in the old Makai language, is traditionally associated with the Saezima family.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ For reasons yet to be explained, the man who takes the title of Garo is often regarded to be the strongest Knight, widely known throughout the Makai community.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ This is however, not a formal ranking in itself and no preferential treatment is given to the said Knight, as evident with Kouga in \"\" who was in service for years before being promoted to be a Knight serving under the Senate.", "Animal attacks __knowledge__ Animal attacks are a common cause of either human injuries and fatalities worldwide.", "Animal attacks __knowledge__ Up to five million people in the US are attacked by cats and dogs each year.", "Animal attacks __knowledge__ The frequency of animal attacks varies with geographical location.", "Animal attacks __knowledge__ In the United States, a person is more likely to be killed by a domesticated dog than they are to die from being hit by lightning.", "Animal attacks __knowledge__ Animal attacks have been identified as a major public health problem.", "Animal attacks __knowledge__ \"Unprovoked attacks occur when the animal approaches and attacks a person(s) who is the principle attractant, for example, predation on humans...\" In 1997 it was estimated that up to 2 million animal bites occur each year in the United States.", "Shark __knowledge__ Sharks are a group of elasmobranch fish characterized by a cartilaginous skeleton, five to seven gill slits on the sides of the head, and pectoral fins that are not fused to the head.", "Shark __knowledge__ Modern sharks are classified within the clade Selachimorpha (or Selachii) and are the sister group to the rays.", "Shark __knowledge__ However, the term \"shark\" has also been used for extinct members of the subclass Elasmobranchii outside the Selachimorpha, such as \"Cladoselache\" and \"Xenacanthus\", as well as other Chondrichthyes such as the holocephalid eugenedontidans.", "Shark __knowledge__ Under this broader definition, the earliest known sharks date back to more than 420 million years ago.", "Crocodilia __knowledge__ The Crocodilia (or Crocodylia) is an order of mostly large, predatory, semiaquatic reptiles, known as crocodilians.", "Crocodilia __knowledge__ They first appeared 83.5 million years ago in the Late Cretaceous period (Campanian stage) and are the closest living relatives of birds, as the two groups are the only known survivors of the Archosauria.", "Crocodilia __knowledge__ Members of the order's total group, the clade Pseudosuchia, appeared about 250 million years ago in the Early Triassic period, and diversified during the Mesozoic era.", "Crocodilia __knowledge__ The order Crocodilia includes the true crocodiles (family Crocodylidae), the alligators and caimans (family Alligatoridae), and the gharial and false gharial (family Gavialidae).", "Wolf attacks on humans __knowledge__ Although wolf attacks do occur, their frequency varies with geographical location and historical period.", "Wolf attacks on humans __knowledge__ Gray wolf attacks are rare because wolves are often subsequently killed, or even extirpated in reaction by human beings.", "Wolf attacks on humans __knowledge__ As a result, wolves today tend to live mostly far from people or have developed the tendency and ability to avoid them.", "Wolf attacks on humans __knowledge__ The country with the most extensive historical records is France, where nearly 7,600 fatal attacks were documented from 1200–1920.", "Wolf attacks on humans __knowledge__ In modern times, they occur most often in India and neighboring countries.", "Wolf attacks on humans __knowledge__ There are few historical records or modern cases of wolf attacks in North America.", "Man-eater __knowledge__ Man-eater is a colloquial term for an individual animal that preys on humans as a pattern of hunting behavior.", "Man-eater __knowledge__ This does not include the scavenging of corpses, a single attack born of opportunity or desperate hunger, or the incidental eating of a human that the animal has killed in self-defense.", "Man-eater __knowledge__ However, all three cases (especially the last two) may habituate an animal to eating human flesh or to attacking humans, and may foster the development of man-eating behavior.", "Man-eater __knowledge__ Although human beings can be attacked by many kinds of animals, man-eaters are those that have incorporated human flesh into their usual diet and actively hunt and kill humans." ] ]

[ 3, 4, 64 ]

[ "I loathe and fear sharks. I was once attacked by one whilst backpacking in Venezuela", "I was okay luckily because of the quick reaction of my tour guide. They are dangerous because they cause many unprovoked attacks on humans!", "Yes but they aren't the only danger! I was also attacked by a wolf whilst skiing in the Alps, even though wolves today tend to live mostly far from people " ]

[ "Shark attack", "Shark attack", "Shark attack" ]

[ "Skateboarding\nI like to ride my skateboard but I'm not that good at tricks. ", "You're right I do need to practice. I use my skateboard mostly to commute to class right now.", "Yeah. I see a lot of people riding skateboards around my campus. I see a lot of falling.", "Haha. That's a ton of skateboarders. I had no idea there were that many. ", "Wow that's a lot of skateboard money. I'm not familiar with a lot of brands. Only Tony Hawk." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Skateboarding is an action sport which involves riding and performing tricks using a skateboard.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Skateboarding can also be considered a recreational activity, an art form, a job, or a method of transportation.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Skateboarding has been shaped and influenced by many skateboarders throughout the years.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ A 2009 report found that the skateboarding market is worth an estimated $4.8 billion in annual revenue with 11.08 million active skateboarders in the world.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ In 2016, it was announced that skateboarding will be represented at the 2020 Olympic Games in Tokyo, Japan.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Since the 1970s, skateparks have been constructed specifically for use by skateboarders, Freestyle BMXers, aggressive skaters, and very recently, scooters.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ However, skateboarding has become controversial in areas in which the activity, although illegal, has damaged curbs, stoneworks, steps, benches, plazas and parks.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ The first skateboards started with wooden boxes, or boards, with roller skate wheels attached to the bottom.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Crate scooters preceded skateboards, having a wooden crate attached to the nose (front of the board), which formed rudimentary handlebars.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ The boxes turned into planks, similar to the skateboard decks of today.", "Rodney Mullen __knowledge__ John Rodney Mullen (born August 17, 1966) is an American professional skateboarder, entrepreneur, inventor, and public speaker who practices freestyle and street skateboarding.", "Rodney Mullen __knowledge__ He is widely considered the most influential street skater in the history of the sport, being credited for inventing numerous tricks, including the kickflip, heelflip, impossible, and 360-flip.", "Rodney Mullen __knowledge__ As a result, he has been called the \"Godfather of Street Skateboarding.\"", "Rodney Mullen __knowledge__ Rodney Mullen won his first world skateboard championship at the age of 14; over the following decade, he won 35 out of 36 freestyle contests, thus establishing the most successful competitive run in the history of the sport.", "Skateboard __knowledge__ A skateboard is a type of sports equipment used primarily for the activity of skateboarding.", "Skateboard __knowledge__ It usually consists of a specially designed maplewood board combined with a polyurethane coating used for making smoother slides and stronger durability.", "Skateboard __knowledge__ Most skateboards are made with 7 plies of this wood.", "Skateboard __knowledge__ A skateboard is moved by pushing with one foot while the other remains on the board, or by pumping one's legs in structures such as a bowl or half pipe.", "Skateboard __knowledge__ A skateboard can also be used by simply standing on the deck while on a downward slope and allowing gravity to propel the board and rider.", "Skateboard __knowledge__ If the rider's leading foot is their right foot, he/she is said to ride \"goofy;\" if the rider's leading foot is their left foot, he/she is said to ride \"regular.\"", "Longboarding __knowledge__ Longboarding is the act of riding on a longboard.", "Longboarding __knowledge__ Longboarding also has competitive races down hill, with some riders reaching speeds exceeding 50 miles per hour.", "Longboarding __knowledge__ A longboard varies in shape and size unlike its set counterpart, the skateboard, and has more stability, traction and durability due to larger wheel size and lower wheel durometers.", "Longboarding __knowledge__ Many, but not all longboards, use trucks (axles) that contain different geometric parameters than a skateboard as well.", "Longboarding __knowledge__ These factors and their variation have given way to a variety of disciplines, functions and purposes for a longboard.", "Longboarding __knowledge__ The angles at which some longboards can turn, as well as their ability to coast long distances make them more suitable for cruising, and commuting, on streets than regular skateboards.", "Daewon Song __knowledge__ Daewon David Song (born February 17, 1975) is a Korean-born American professional skateboarder, recognized for his skillful technical street skateboarding.", "Daewon Song __knowledge__ He is a co-owner of Almost Skateboards, along with Rodney Mullen, and also skates for the company alongside other sponsored team riders.", "Daewon Song __knowledge__ Song was named the 2006 \"Skater of the Year\" by \"Thrasher\" magazine, an award that is widely considered to be one of the most significant honors in skateboarding.", "Daewon Song __knowledge__ Song, a Korean American, was born in Seoul, South Korea, and grew up in Gardena, California, following a year spent with his grandmother in Hawaii, US.", "Fingerboard (skateboard) __knowledge__ A fingerboard is a working replica (about 1:8 scaled) invented by Jaken Felts, of a skateboard that a person \"rides\" by replicating skateboarding maneuvers with their fingers.", "Fingerboard (skateboard) __knowledge__ The device itself is a scaled-down skateboard complete with graphics, trucks and moving wheels.", "Fingerboard (skateboard) __knowledge__ A fingerboard is commonly about 100 millimeters long, and can have a variety of widths ranging from 26 to 34 mm.", "Fingerboard (skateboard) __knowledge__ Skateboarding tricks may be performed using fingers instead of feet.", "Fingerboard (skateboard) __knowledge__ Tricks done on a fingerboard are inspired by tricks done on real skateboards.", "Fingerboard (skateboard) __knowledge__ Jaken Felts is widely credited as making the first fingerboard, and his skit in Powell-Peralta's \"Future Primitive\" video brought fingerboarding to the skateboarders of the world in the mid-1980s.", "Flip trick __knowledge__ A flip trick is a type of skateboarding trick in which the skateboard rotates around its vertical axis, or its vertical axis and its horizontal axis simultaneously.", "Flip trick __knowledge__ The first flip trick called a kickflip, originally called a \"magic flip,\" was invented by professional skateboarder Rodney Mullen.", "Flip trick __knowledge__ The following is a list of general skateboarding terms that will assist novice readers to better understand the descriptions of flip tricks contained in this article: The concepts of frontside and backside originate from surfing, whereby the terms defined the position of the surfer in relation to the wave." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Skateboarding is an action sport which involves riding and performing tricks using a skateboard.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Skateboarding can also be considered a recreational activity, an art form, a job, or a method of transportation.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Skateboarding has been shaped and influenced by many skateboarders throughout the years.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ A 2009 report found that the skateboarding market is worth an estimated $4.8 billion in annual revenue with 11.08 million active skateboarders in the world.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ In 2016, it was announced that skateboarding will be represented at the 2020 Olympic Games in Tokyo, Japan.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Since the 1970s, skateparks have been constructed specifically for use by skateboarders, Freestyle BMXers, aggressive skaters, and very recently, scooters.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ However, skateboarding has become controversial in areas in which the activity, although illegal, has damaged curbs, stoneworks, steps, benches, plazas and parks.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ The first skateboards started with wooden boxes, or boards, with roller skate wheels attached to the bottom.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Crate scooters preceded skateboards, having a wooden crate attached to the nose (front of the board), which formed rudimentary handlebars.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ The boxes turned into planks, similar to the skateboard decks of today.", "Skateboard __knowledge__ A skateboard is a type of sports equipment used primarily for the activity of skateboarding.", "Skateboard __knowledge__ It usually consists of a specially designed maplewood board combined with a polyurethane coating used for making smoother slides and stronger durability.", "Skateboard __knowledge__ Most skateboards are made with 7 plies of this wood.", "Skateboard __knowledge__ A skateboard is moved by pushing with one foot while the other remains on the board, or by pumping one's legs in structures such as a bowl or half pipe.", "Skateboard __knowledge__ A skateboard can also be used by simply standing on the deck while on a downward slope and allowing gravity to propel the board and rider.", "Skateboard __knowledge__ If the rider's leading foot is their right foot, he/she is said to ride \"goofy;\" if the rider's leading foot is their left foot, he/she is said to ride \"regular.\"", "Rodney Mullen __knowledge__ John Rodney Mullen (born August 17, 1966) is an American professional skateboarder, entrepreneur, inventor, and public speaker who practices freestyle and street skateboarding.", "Rodney Mullen __knowledge__ He is widely considered the most influential street skater in the history of the sport, being credited for inventing numerous tricks, including the kickflip, heelflip, impossible, and 360-flip.", "Rodney Mullen __knowledge__ As a result, he has been called the \"Godfather of Street Skateboarding.\"", "Rodney Mullen __knowledge__ Rodney Mullen won his first world skateboard championship at the age of 14; over the following decade, he won 35 out of 36 freestyle contests, thus establishing the most successful competitive run in the history of the sport.", "Longboarding __knowledge__ Longboarding is the act of riding on a longboard.", "Longboarding __knowledge__ Longboarding also has competitive races down hill, with some riders reaching speeds exceeding 50 miles per hour.", "Longboarding __knowledge__ A longboard varies in shape and size unlike its set counterpart, the skateboard, and has more stability, traction and durability due to larger wheel size and lower wheel durometers.", "Longboarding __knowledge__ Many, but not all longboards, use trucks (axles) that contain different geometric parameters than a skateboard as well.", "Longboarding __knowledge__ These factors and their variation have given way to a variety of disciplines, functions and purposes for a longboard.", "Longboarding __knowledge__ The angles at which some longboards can turn, as well as their ability to coast long distances make them more suitable for cruising, and commuting, on streets than regular skateboards.", "Fingerboard (skateboard) __knowledge__ A fingerboard is a working replica (about 1:8 scaled) invented by Jaken Felts, of a skateboard that a person \"rides\" by replicating skateboarding maneuvers with their fingers.", "Fingerboard (skateboard) __knowledge__ The device itself is a scaled-down skateboard complete with graphics, trucks and moving wheels.", "Fingerboard (skateboard) __knowledge__ A fingerboard is commonly about 100 millimeters long, and can have a variety of widths ranging from 26 to 34 mm.", "Fingerboard (skateboard) __knowledge__ Skateboarding tricks may be performed using fingers instead of feet.", "Fingerboard (skateboard) __knowledge__ Tricks done on a fingerboard are inspired by tricks done on real skateboards.", "Fingerboard (skateboard) __knowledge__ Jaken Felts is widely credited as making the first fingerboard, and his skit in Powell-Peralta's \"Future Primitive\" video brought fingerboarding to the skateboarders of the world in the mid-1980s.", "Lewis Marnell __knowledge__ Lewis Kristian Marnell (3 December 1982 – 18 January 2013) was a professional skateboarder from Melbourne, Australia who was Slam Magazine's 2008 \"Skater of the Year\".", "Lewis Marnell __knowledge__ Marnell died in January 2013, following complications related to type 1 (juvenile) diabetes, a condition that was diagnosed when he was 10 years old.", "Lewis Marnell __knowledge__ Numerous tributes were published following Marnell's death and his longtime skateboard deck sponsor, Almost Skateboards, continues to use the hashtag \"#LewisMarnellForever\"—on 15 and 29 July 2014, the company published the hashtag with 2006 video footage of Marnell skateboarding in Japan.", "Peninsula Commute __knowledge__ The Peninsula Commute, also known as the Southern Pacific Peninsula or just Peninsula, was the common name for commuter rail service between San Jose, California and San Francisco, California on the San Francisco Peninsula.", "Peninsula Commute __knowledge__ This service ran as a private, for-profit enterprise beginning in 1863.", "Peninsula Commute __knowledge__ Due to operating losses, the Southern Pacific Railroad (SP) petitioned to discontinue the service in 1977.", "Peninsula Commute __knowledge__ Subsidies were provided through the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) in 1980 to continue service, and it was renamed Caltrain.", "Peninsula Commute __knowledge__ Since 1863 the San Francisco Peninsula, the series of towns (and later, cities) between San Francisco and San Jose, has been served by a railroad.", "Paul Rodriguez (skateboarder) __knowledge__ Paul Martin Rodriguez Jr. (born December 31, 1984), also known by his nickname P-Rod, is an American professional street skateboarder and actor.", "Paul Rodriguez (skateboarder) __knowledge__ Rodriguez has won a total of eight medals at the X Games, four of them gold, with the most recent first-place victory occurring in Los Angeles, United States (U.S.) in July 2012.", "Paul Rodriguez (skateboarder) __knowledge__ Rodriguez was born in Tarzana, California, U.S. His father is actor/comedian Paul Rodriguez, and his mother is Laura Martinez.", "Paul Rodriguez (skateboarder) __knowledge__ He also has a sister Nikole, and a brother Lucas.", "Paul Rodriguez (skateboarder) __knowledge__ As a child, Rodriguez occasionally got to meet celebrities through his father.", "Paul Rodriguez (skateboarder) __knowledge__ In a later interview, he recounted one such memory: I'll tell you a good story about Mr. T. I believe it was 1988, every year there was a Christmas Day parade in Pasadena [California, US]; I was probably about three-and-a-half, four years-old—I loved Mr. T. He had the cartoon out at the time and all that.", "Daewon Song __knowledge__ Daewon David Song (born February 17, 1975) is a Korean-born American professional skateboarder, recognized for his skillful technical street skateboarding.", "Daewon Song __knowledge__ He is a co-owner of Almost Skateboards, along with Rodney Mullen, and also skates for the company alongside other sponsored team riders.", "Daewon Song __knowledge__ Song was named the 2006 \"Skater of the Year\" by \"Thrasher\" magazine, an award that is widely considered to be one of the most significant honors in skateboarding.", "Daewon Song __knowledge__ Song, a Korean American, was born in Seoul, South Korea, and grew up in Gardena, California, following a year spent with his grandmother in Hawaii, US.", "Andrew Reynolds (skateboarder) __knowledge__ Andrew Michael Reynolds (born June 6, 1978) is a professional street skateboarder.", "Andrew Reynolds (skateboarder) __knowledge__ He is the co-founder and owner of Baker Skateboards; a part owner of Brigada Eyewear; a partner in Bakerboys Distribution (distributors of Baker Skateboards, Shake Junt, Deathwish Skateboards, Heroin Skateboards, Palace Skateboards, Hammers Skateboards, Death Lens, and Ashbury Eyewear), and head designer at Altamont Apparel.", "Andrew Reynolds (skateboarder) __knowledge__ Reynolds was a competitor in the 2014 Street League Skateboarding (SLS) contest series and finished with an overall ranking of 25.", "Andrew Reynolds (skateboarder) __knowledge__ He first picked up a board when he was 9 years old.", "Andrew Reynolds (skateboarder) __knowledge__ Influenced by Powell videos at the time, Andrew began to skate jump ramps as well as wall rides." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Skateboarding is an action sport which involves riding and performing tricks using a skateboard.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Skateboarding can also be considered a recreational activity, an art form, a job, or a method of transportation.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Skateboarding has been shaped and influenced by many skateboarders throughout the years.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ A 2009 report found that the skateboarding market is worth an estimated $4.8 billion in annual revenue with 11.08 million active skateboarders in the world.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ In 2016, it was announced that skateboarding will be represented at the 2020 Olympic Games in Tokyo, Japan.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Since the 1970s, skateparks have been constructed specifically for use by skateboarders, Freestyle BMXers, aggressive skaters, and very recently, scooters.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ However, skateboarding has become controversial in areas in which the activity, although illegal, has damaged curbs, stoneworks, steps, benches, plazas and parks.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ The first skateboards started with wooden boxes, or boards, with roller skate wheels attached to the bottom.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Crate scooters preceded skateboards, having a wooden crate attached to the nose (front of the board), which formed rudimentary handlebars.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ The boxes turned into planks, similar to the skateboard decks of today.", "Andrew Reynolds (skateboarder) __knowledge__ Andrew Michael Reynolds (born June 6, 1978) is a professional street skateboarder.", "Andrew Reynolds (skateboarder) __knowledge__ He is the co-founder and owner of Baker Skateboards; a part owner of Brigada Eyewear; a partner in Bakerboys Distribution (distributors of Baker Skateboards, Shake Junt, Deathwish Skateboards, Heroin Skateboards, Palace Skateboards, Hammers Skateboards, Death Lens, and Ashbury Eyewear), and head designer at Altamont Apparel.", "Andrew Reynolds (skateboarder) __knowledge__ Reynolds was a competitor in the 2014 Street League Skateboarding (SLS) contest series and finished with an overall ranking of 25.", "Andrew Reynolds (skateboarder) __knowledge__ He first picked up a board when he was 9 years old.", "Andrew Reynolds (skateboarder) __knowledge__ Influenced by Powell videos at the time, Andrew began to skate jump ramps as well as wall rides.", "Skateboarding styles __knowledge__ A skateboard style refers to the way a skateboarder prefers to ride a skateboard.", "Skateboarding styles __knowledge__ Skateboard styles can be broadly divided into two different categories: skateboarding to perform tricks and skateboarding as a means of transportation.", "Skateboarding styles __knowledge__ Styles of skateboarding have evolved over time and are influenced by a number of factors including sociocultural evolution, mass media, music, technology, corporate influence and individual skill level.", "Skateboarding styles __knowledge__ The styles used by different skateboarders when riding skateboards should not be confused with skater style, the manner in which skateboarders dress or act in relation to skateboarding culture.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Yeah Right! __knowledge__ Yeah Right!", "Yeah Right! __knowledge__ is a 2003 skateboarding video by Girl Skateboards (featuring Chocolate Skateboards), directed by Ty Evans and Spike Jonze.", "Yeah Right! __knowledge__ \"Yeah Right!\"", "Yeah Right! __knowledge__ is notable for its soundtrack, length, and the extensive use of never-before-seen (in a skateboarding video) special effects.", "Yeah Right! __knowledge__ A short prologue pays tribute to skater Keenan Milton, who died in 2001.", "Yeah Right! __knowledge__ Milton was part of Chocolate Skateboards team, a subset of Girl Skateboards.", "Yeah Right! __knowledge__ The introduction credits for the video feature a unique series of shots in ultra-slow motion, filmed with Jonze's personal camera that is capable of shooting 100 frames per second.", "Plan B Skateboards __knowledge__ Plan B Skateboards is a skateboarding company based in Costa Mesa, California, United States.", "Plan B Skateboards __knowledge__ It was founded by Nolan Herode and co-owned by Mike Ternasky and professional skateboarders Danny Way and Colin McKay, who all played a big role in the company's success.", "Plan B Skateboards __knowledge__ It is now co-owned by Morgan Johnson (Brian's son) and his friends, brothers Ramy and Mark Farah.", "Plan B Skateboards __knowledge__ Plan B sells both soft and hard goods, including skateboard decks and wheels, jeans, hooded jumpers, and jackets.", "Plan B Skateboards __knowledge__ The original Plan B Skateboarding team was founded in 1991 by Nolan Herode who had departed from the H-Street company that he had formerly managed with Tony Magnusson.", "Penny board __knowledge__ A Penny board is a type of plastic skateboard, known within the industry as a short cruiser.", "Penny board __knowledge__ The term \"Penny\" is synonymous with \"Penny Skateboards\", an Australian-based company founded in 2010 by Ben Mackay.", "Penny board __knowledge__ Penny is a registered trademark for skateboards, but has been widely generalised to describe all small plastic skateboards due to the brand's popularity.", "Penny board __knowledge__ Penny Skateboards revived the plastic skateboard category by pairing a high quality plastic deck with cruiser wheels and trucks.", "Penny board __knowledge__ This combination now epitomises a \"Penny board\" in generic terms.", "Penny board __knowledge__ Penny Skateboards was named after Ben Mackay's sister, Penny.", "Longboarding __knowledge__ Longboarding is the act of riding on a longboard.", "Longboarding __knowledge__ Longboarding also has competitive races down hill, with some riders reaching speeds exceeding 50 miles per hour.", "Longboarding __knowledge__ A longboard varies in shape and size unlike its set counterpart, the skateboard, and has more stability, traction and durability due to larger wheel size and lower wheel durometers.", "Longboarding __knowledge__ Many, but not all longboards, use trucks (axles) that contain different geometric parameters than a skateboard as well.", "Longboarding __knowledge__ These factors and their variation have given way to a variety of disciplines, functions and purposes for a longboard.", "Longboarding __knowledge__ The angles at which some longboards can turn, as well as their ability to coast long distances make them more suitable for cruising, and commuting, on streets than regular skateboards.", "Rodney Mullen __knowledge__ John Rodney Mullen (born August 17, 1966) is an American professional skateboarder, entrepreneur, inventor, and public speaker who practices freestyle and street skateboarding.", "Rodney Mullen __knowledge__ He is widely considered the most influential street skater in the history of the sport, being credited for inventing numerous tricks, including the kickflip, heelflip, impossible, and 360-flip.", "Rodney Mullen __knowledge__ As a result, he has been called the \"Godfather of Street Skateboarding.\"", "Rodney Mullen __knowledge__ Rodney Mullen won his first world skateboard championship at the age of 14; over the following decade, he won 35 out of 36 freestyle contests, thus establishing the most successful competitive run in the history of the sport.", "Daewon Song __knowledge__ Daewon David Song (born February 17, 1975) is a Korean-born American professional skateboarder, recognized for his skillful technical street skateboarding.", "Daewon Song __knowledge__ He is a co-owner of Almost Skateboards, along with Rodney Mullen, and also skates for the company alongside other sponsored team riders.", "Daewon Song __knowledge__ Song was named the 2006 \"Skater of the Year\" by \"Thrasher\" magazine, an award that is widely considered to be one of the most significant honors in skateboarding.", "Daewon Song __knowledge__ Song, a Korean American, was born in Seoul, South Korea, and grew up in Gardena, California, following a year spent with his grandmother in Hawaii, US.", "Lewis Marnell __knowledge__ Lewis Kristian Marnell (3 December 1982 – 18 January 2013) was a professional skateboarder from Melbourne, Australia who was Slam Magazine's 2008 \"Skater of the Year\".", "Lewis Marnell __knowledge__ Marnell died in January 2013, following complications related to type 1 (juvenile) diabetes, a condition that was diagnosed when he was 10 years old.", "Lewis Marnell __knowledge__ Numerous tributes were published following Marnell's death and his longtime skateboard deck sponsor, Almost Skateboards, continues to use the hashtag \"#LewisMarnellForever\"—on 15 and 29 July 2014, the company published the hashtag with 2006 video footage of Marnell skateboarding in Japan.", "Skateboard __knowledge__ A skateboard is a type of sports equipment used primarily for the activity of skateboarding.", "Skateboard __knowledge__ It usually consists of a specially designed maplewood board combined with a polyurethane coating used for making smoother slides and stronger durability.", "Skateboard __knowledge__ Most skateboards are made with 7 plies of this wood.", "Skateboard __knowledge__ A skateboard is moved by pushing with one foot while the other remains on the board, or by pumping one's legs in structures such as a bowl or half pipe.", "Skateboard __knowledge__ A skateboard can also be used by simply standing on the deck while on a downward slope and allowing gravity to propel the board and rider.", "Skateboard __knowledge__ If the rider's leading foot is their right foot, he/she is said to ride \"goofy;\" if the rider's leading foot is their left foot, he/she is said to ride \"regular.\"", "Graffiti __knowledge__ Graffiti (plural of \"graffito\": \"a graffito\", but \"these graffiti\") are writing or drawings that have been scribbled, scratched, or painted illicitly on a wall or other surface, often within public view.", "Graffiti __knowledge__ Graffiti range from simple written words to elaborate wall paintings, and they have existed since ancient times, with examples dating back to Ancient Egypt, Ancient Greece, and the Roman Empire.", "Graffiti __knowledge__ In modern times, paint (particularly spray paint) and marker pens have become the most commonly used graffiti materials.", "Graffiti __knowledge__ In most countries, marking or painting property without the property owner's permission is considered defacement and vandalism, which is a punishable crime." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Skateboarding is an action sport which involves riding and performing tricks using a skateboard.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Skateboarding can also be considered a recreational activity, an art form, a job, or a method of transportation.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Skateboarding has been shaped and influenced by many skateboarders throughout the years.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ A 2009 report found that the skateboarding market is worth an estimated $4.8 billion in annual revenue with 11.08 million active skateboarders in the world.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ In 2016, it was announced that skateboarding will be represented at the 2020 Olympic Games in Tokyo, Japan.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Since the 1970s, skateparks have been constructed specifically for use by skateboarders, Freestyle BMXers, aggressive skaters, and very recently, scooters.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ However, skateboarding has become controversial in areas in which the activity, although illegal, has damaged curbs, stoneworks, steps, benches, plazas and parks.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ The first skateboards started with wooden boxes, or boards, with roller skate wheels attached to the bottom.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Crate scooters preceded skateboards, having a wooden crate attached to the nose (front of the board), which formed rudimentary handlebars.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ The boxes turned into planks, similar to the skateboard decks of today.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Ha Dong-hoon (; born on August 20, 1979), better known by his stage name Haha (), is a South Korean singer, variety show host and member of Skull & Haha.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He is best known for being in the sitcom, \"Nonstop\" and for co-hosting two popular variety programs, MBC's \"Infinite Challenge\" and SBS's \"Running Man\".", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He has also hosted his own show, titled \"Ya Man TV\" on Mnet in 2015.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Haha was born on August 20, 1979 in Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, West Germany and moved to Seoul, South Korea when he was an infant.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ His parents are both Korean, with his mother holding a doctorate in psychology, and he has an older sister, Ha Juri () who is a pianist, also with a doctorate.", "The Berrics __knowledge__ The Berrics is a private indoor skatepark owned by professional skateboarders Steve Berra and Eric Koston.", "The Berrics __knowledge__ It is also a website providing content filmed in the skatepark, as well other skateboard-related media.", "The Berrics __knowledge__ The facility's name is a portmanteau of the owners' names (the \"Ber\" of Berra's surname and the \"ric\" of Koston's first name).", "The Berrics __knowledge__ In an interview with \"Pop\" magazine, Berra revealed that prior to the launch of The Berrics, he had been offered a million-dollar deal to direct a film based on a screenplay that he had written.", "The Berrics __knowledge__ Due to filming commitments for his skateboard deck sponsor, Alien Workshop, Berra declined the offer and later commenced work on The Berrics concept following a period of reflection: All I wanted to do is I knew we have this hook because there were a lot of kids that always would ask Eric and I about our building.", "Flip trick __knowledge__ A flip trick is a type of skateboarding trick in which the skateboard rotates around its vertical axis, or its vertical axis and its horizontal axis simultaneously.", "Flip trick __knowledge__ The first flip trick called a kickflip, originally called a \"magic flip,\" was invented by professional skateboarder Rodney Mullen.", "Flip trick __knowledge__ The following is a list of general skateboarding terms that will assist novice readers to better understand the descriptions of flip tricks contained in this article: The concepts of frontside and backside originate from surfing, whereby the terms defined the position of the surfer in relation to the wave.", "Daewon Song __knowledge__ Daewon David Song (born February 17, 1975) is a Korean-born American professional skateboarder, recognized for his skillful technical street skateboarding.", "Daewon Song __knowledge__ He is a co-owner of Almost Skateboards, along with Rodney Mullen, and also skates for the company alongside other sponsored team riders.", "Daewon Song __knowledge__ Song was named the 2006 \"Skater of the Year\" by \"Thrasher\" magazine, an award that is widely considered to be one of the most significant honors in skateboarding.", "Daewon Song __knowledge__ Song, a Korean American, was born in Seoul, South Korea, and grew up in Gardena, California, following a year spent with his grandmother in Hawaii, US.", "Running Man Brothers __knowledge__ Running Man Brothers is a South Korean pop duo, which is named after the South Korean television show \"Running Man\".", "Running Man Brothers __knowledge__ The group is composed of cast members Kim Jong-kook and Haha and was formed in 2014.", "Running Man Brothers __knowledge__ Kim and Haha are regular cast members on the variety show \"Running Man\", which started airing in 2010, and they have been called it's favorite \"duo.\"", "Running Man Brothers __knowledge__ Although Yoo Jae-suk is the star of the show, Kim and Haha have been written of as the \"spice\" of the show, with references to Kim's \"boyish likeability, upbeat personality and masculinity\" and Haha for \"his insatiable sense of humor and free spirit,\" and together are called \"the musical duo.\"", "Tom Penny __knowledge__ Tom Penny (born 13 April 1977) is a professional skateboarder from Abingdon, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom (UK).", "Tom Penny __knowledge__ As of January 2013, Penny is sponsored by the Flip skateboard deck brand and his Cheech & Chong signature deck is one of the brand's highest-selling deck products.", "Tom Penny __knowledge__ Tom Penny is widely considered one of the greatest skateboarders of all time.", "Tom Penny __knowledge__ Penny was born in Dorset, England, UK and grew up skateboarding in Oxford, England, UK.", "Tom Penny __knowledge__ He attended the Dragon School.", "Tom Penny __knowledge__ Penny has described his early years skateboarding in Oxford: When I first started skateboarding in Oxford, England, there were not so many skateboarders—there were just a few skateboarders that I grew up with.", "League of Legends __knowledge__ League of Legends (abbreviated LoL) is a multiplayer online battle arena video game developed and published by Riot Games for Microsoft Windows and macOS.", "League of Legends __knowledge__ The game follows a freemium model and is supported by microtransactions, and was inspired by the \"\" mod, \"Defense of the Ancients\".", "League of Legends __knowledge__ In \"League of Legends\", players assume the role of an unseen \"summoner\" that controls a \"champion\" with unique abilities and battle against a team of other players or computer-controlled champions.", "League of Legends __knowledge__ The goal is usually to destroy the opposing team's \"nexus\", a structure which lies at the heart of a base protected by defensive structures, although other distinct game modes exist as well.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ This Is England '86 is a 2010 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne, a spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\".", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Set three years later, it focuses on the mod revival scene rather than the skinhead subculture, with the gang variously adopting an eclectic mix of clothing styles.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Like the film version previously, Thomas Turgoose stars as Shaun, with central roles played by Joe Gilgun as Woody, now a scooter-riding mod, although girlfriend Lol (Vicky McClure) and her friend Trev stay loyal to their roots and still wear the skinhead garb.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Lol's sister Kelly has gone new wave/punk, while other gang members adopt psychobilly, early chav and mohican influences.", "Geographical distribution of Russian speakers __knowledge__ This article details the geographical distribution of Russian speakers.", "Geographical distribution of Russian speakers __knowledge__ After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the status of the Russian language was often a matter of controversy.", "Geographical distribution of Russian speakers __knowledge__ Some states adopted a policy of de-Russification directed to reverse the former Russification.", "Geographical distribution of Russian speakers __knowledge__ After the collapse of the Russian Empire in 1917, de-Russification occurred in newly independent Finland, Poland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and in the Kars Oblast which became part of Turkey.", "Geographical distribution of Russian speakers __knowledge__ Within the new Soviet Union, a policy of Korenizatsiya was followed, which, in part was aimed at the reversal of tsarist Russification of the non-Russian areas of the country.", "UK Coal __knowledge__ UK Coal Production Ltd, formerly UK Coal plc, was the largest coal mining business in the United Kingdom.", "UK Coal __knowledge__ The company was based in Harworth, in Nottinghamshire.", "UK Coal __knowledge__ The company was a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index.", "UK Coal __knowledge__ The successor company that contains the former property division, Harworth Group is still listed on the London Stock Exchange.", "UK Coal __knowledge__ The predecessor company of UK Coal was founded by Richard J. Budge in 1974 as \"RJB Mining\".", "UK Coal __knowledge__ In 1994, following the privatisation of the UK mining industry, it grew fivefold with the acquisition of British Coal's core activities.", "UK Coal __knowledge__ It changed its name to UK Coal in 2001 after the retirement of its founder, having acquired UK Coal plc.", "Godzilla (2014 film) __knowledge__ Godzilla is a 2014 American monster film directed by Gareth Edwards and a reboot of Toho's \"Godzilla\" franchise.", "Godzilla (2014 film) __knowledge__ It is the 30th film in the \"Godzilla\" franchise, the first film in Legendary's MonsterVerse, and the second \"Godzilla\" film to be completely produced by a Hollywood studio, the first being the 1998 film of the same name.", "Godzilla (2014 film) __knowledge__ It stars Aaron Taylor-Johnson, Ken Watanabe, Elizabeth Olsen, Juliette Binoche, Sally Hawkins, David Strathairn, and Bryan Cranston.", "Godzilla (2014 film) __knowledge__ The film is a co-production between Legendary Pictures and Warner Bros. Pictures, with the latter also distributing the film worldwide, except in Japan where it was distributed by Toho." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Skateboarding is an action sport which involves riding and performing tricks using a skateboard.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Skateboarding can also be considered a recreational activity, an art form, a job, or a method of transportation.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Skateboarding has been shaped and influenced by many skateboarders throughout the years.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ A 2009 report found that the skateboarding market is worth an estimated $4.8 billion in annual revenue with 11.08 million active skateboarders in the world.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ In 2016, it was announced that skateboarding will be represented at the 2020 Olympic Games in Tokyo, Japan.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Since the 1970s, skateparks have been constructed specifically for use by skateboarders, Freestyle BMXers, aggressive skaters, and very recently, scooters.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ However, skateboarding has become controversial in areas in which the activity, although illegal, has damaged curbs, stoneworks, steps, benches, plazas and parks.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ The first skateboards started with wooden boxes, or boards, with roller skate wheels attached to the bottom.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Crate scooters preceded skateboards, having a wooden crate attached to the nose (front of the board), which formed rudimentary handlebars.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ The boxes turned into planks, similar to the skateboard decks of today.", "Tony Hawk's (series) __knowledge__ Tony Hawk's is a skateboarding video game series published by Activision and endorsed by professional skateboarder Tony Hawk from 1999 to 2015.", "Tony Hawk's (series) __knowledge__ The series was primarily developed for home consoles by Neversoft from launch to 2007, until Activision transferred the franchise to Robomodo in 2008.", "Tony Hawk's (series) __knowledge__ At the time the licensing deal between Activision and Hawk expired in 2015, the series has spawned a total of 19 games.", "Tony Hawk's (series) __knowledge__ Starting out with the initial \"Tony Hawk's Pro Skater\" in 1999, the series proved to be one of the most popular and best-selling video game franchises of the early 2000s.", "Tony Hawk __knowledge__ Anthony Frank Hawk (born May 12, 1968), commonly known by his nickname The Birdman, is an American professional skateboarder, actor and owner of skateboard company Birdhouse.", "Tony Hawk __knowledge__ Hawk is well known for completing the first documented 900 and for his licensed video game titles, published by Activision.", "Tony Hawk __knowledge__ He is widely considered to be one of the most successful and influential pioneers of modern vertical skateboarding.", "Tony Hawk __knowledge__ In 2002, he created the \"Boom Boom HuckJam\", an extreme sports exhibition and tour that was launched in Las Vegas.", "Tony Hawk __knowledge__ Throughout his career, Hawk has made numerous appearances in films, other media, and his own series of video games.", "Daewon Song __knowledge__ Daewon David Song (born February 17, 1975) is a Korean-born American professional skateboarder, recognized for his skillful technical street skateboarding.", "Daewon Song __knowledge__ He is a co-owner of Almost Skateboards, along with Rodney Mullen, and also skates for the company alongside other sponsored team riders.", "Daewon Song __knowledge__ Song was named the 2006 \"Skater of the Year\" by \"Thrasher\" magazine, an award that is widely considered to be one of the most significant honors in skateboarding.", "Daewon Song __knowledge__ Song, a Korean American, was born in Seoul, South Korea, and grew up in Gardena, California, following a year spent with his grandmother in Hawaii, US.", "Andrew Reynolds (skateboarder) __knowledge__ Andrew Michael Reynolds (born June 6, 1978) is a professional street skateboarder.", "Andrew Reynolds (skateboarder) __knowledge__ He is the co-founder and owner of Baker Skateboards; a part owner of Brigada Eyewear; a partner in Bakerboys Distribution (distributors of Baker Skateboards, Shake Junt, Deathwish Skateboards, Heroin Skateboards, Palace Skateboards, Hammers Skateboards, Death Lens, and Ashbury Eyewear), and head designer at Altamont Apparel.", "Andrew Reynolds (skateboarder) __knowledge__ Reynolds was a competitor in the 2014 Street League Skateboarding (SLS) contest series and finished with an overall ranking of 25.", "Andrew Reynolds (skateboarder) __knowledge__ He first picked up a board when he was 9 years old.", "Andrew Reynolds (skateboarder) __knowledge__ Influenced by Powell videos at the time, Andrew began to skate jump ramps as well as wall rides.", "Tony Hawk's Underground __knowledge__ Tony Hawk's Underground is a skateboarding video game published by Activision in 2003, the fifth entry in the \"Tony Hawk's\" series.", "Tony Hawk's Underground __knowledge__ Neversoft developed the GameCube, PlayStation 2, Xbox versions, Beenox developed the Microsoft Windows version, which was released in Australia and New Zealand as a budget release in 2005, while the Game Boy Advance adaptation was developed by Vicarious Visions and the mobile phone version by Jamdat.", "Tony Hawk's Underground __knowledge__ \"Underground\" is built upon the skateboarding formula of previous \"Tony Hawk's\" games: the player explores levels and completes goals while performing tricks.", "Tony Hawk's Underground __knowledge__ The game features a new focus on customization; the player, instead of selecting a professional skater, creates a custom character.", "Tony Hawk: Ride __knowledge__ Tony Hawk: Ride is a spin-off in the \"Tony Hawk's\" series of video games.", "Tony Hawk: Ride __knowledge__ The game was released on November 17, 2009 for PlayStation 3, Xbox 360 and Wii.", "Tony Hawk: Ride __knowledge__ It was released in Australia on March 10, 2010.", "Tony Hawk: Ride __knowledge__ Having the lowest ratings and worst sales for a \"Tony Hawk\" game, \"Ride\" debuted to negative critical and commercial reception.", "Tony Hawk: Ride __knowledge__ It has been widely criticized by video game critics as the worst of the series.", "Tony Hawk: Ride __knowledge__ It also failed to meet financial predictions, and led to a severe financial drop that risked cancellation of future Tony Hawk games.", "Tony Hawk: Ride __knowledge__ In \"Ride\", the player uses the skateboard peripheral to simulate the riding of an actual skateboard in the game.", "Masco __knowledge__ Masco Corporation is a manufacturer of products for the home improvement and new home construction markets.", "Masco __knowledge__ Comprising more than 20 companies, the Masco conglomerate operates nearly 60 manufacturing facilities in the United States and over 20 in other parts of the world.", "Masco __knowledge__ Since 1969 it trades on the NYSE.", "Masco __knowledge__ Under the leadership of Richard Manoogian, the company grew exponentially and subsequently joined the Fortune 500 list of largest U.S. corporations.", "Masco __knowledge__ As of 2007, Masco employed approximately 32,500 employees and has approximately 6,000 shareholders.", "Masco __knowledge__ The company is currently ranked at 338 on the Fortune 500.", "Paul Rodriguez (skateboarder) __knowledge__ Paul Martin Rodriguez Jr. (born December 31, 1984), also known by his nickname P-Rod, is an American professional street skateboarder and actor.", "Paul Rodriguez (skateboarder) __knowledge__ Rodriguez has won a total of eight medals at the X Games, four of them gold, with the most recent first-place victory occurring in Los Angeles, United States (U.S.) in July 2012.", "Paul Rodriguez (skateboarder) __knowledge__ Rodriguez was born in Tarzana, California, U.S. His father is actor/comedian Paul Rodriguez, and his mother is Laura Martinez.", "Paul Rodriguez (skateboarder) __knowledge__ He also has a sister Nikole, and a brother Lucas.", "Paul Rodriguez (skateboarder) __knowledge__ As a child, Rodriguez occasionally got to meet celebrities through his father.", "Paul Rodriguez (skateboarder) __knowledge__ In a later interview, he recounted one such memory: I'll tell you a good story about Mr. T. I believe it was 1988, every year there was a Christmas Day parade in Pasadena [California, US]; I was probably about three-and-a-half, four years-old—I loved Mr. T. He had the cartoon out at the time and all that.", "Warren Buffett __knowledge__ Warren Edward Buffett (; born August 30, 1930) is an American business magnate, investor, and philanthropist.", "Warren Buffett __knowledge__ Buffett serves as the chairman and CEO of Berkshire Hathaway.", "Warren Buffett __knowledge__ He is considered one of the most successful investors in the world, and as of January 2018, has a net worth of $91.6 billion, making him the third wealthiest person in the United States and in the world.", "Warren Buffett __knowledge__ Born in Omaha, Buffett developed an interest in business and investing in his youth, eventually entering the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania in 1947, before transferring and graduating from University of Nebraska–Lincoln at the age of 19.", "Economy of Iran __knowledge__ The economy of Iran is a mixed and transition economy with a large public sector.", "Economy of Iran __knowledge__ Some 60 percent of the economy is centrally planned.", "Economy of Iran __knowledge__ It is dominated by oil and gas production, although over 40 industries are directly involved in the Tehran Stock Exchange, one of the best performing exchanges in the world over the past decade.", "Economy of Iran __knowledge__ With 10 percent of the world's proven oil reserves and 15 percent of its gas reserves, Iran is considered an \"energy superpower\".", "Economy of Iran __knowledge__ Iran has fifth highest total estimated value of natural resources, valued at US$27.3 trillion in 2016.", "Economy of Iran __knowledge__ It is the world's eighteenth largest by purchasing power parity (PPP) and twenty-seventh by nominal gross domestic product.", "Panama Papers __knowledge__ The Panama Papers are 11.5 million leaked documents that detail financial and attorney–client information for more than 214,488 offshore entities.", "Panama Papers __knowledge__ The documents, some dating back to the 1970s, were created by, and taken from, Panamanian law firm and corporate service provider Mossack Fonseca, and were leaked in 2015 by an anonymous source.", "Panama Papers __knowledge__ The documents contain personal financial information about wealthy individuals and public officials that had previously been kept private.", "Panama Papers __knowledge__ While offshore business entities are legal (see Offshore Magic Circle), reporters found that some of the Mossack Fonseca shell corporations were used for illegal purposes, including fraud, tax evasion, and evading international sanctions.", "Economy of Pakistan __knowledge__ The economy of Pakistan is the 24th largest in the world in terms of purchasing power parity (PPP), and 42nd largest in terms of nominal gross domestic product.", "Economy of Pakistan __knowledge__ Pakistan has a population of over 207 million (the world's 5th-largest), giving it a nominal GDP per capita of $1,629, which ranks 147th in the world for 2016.", "Economy of Pakistan __knowledge__ However, Pakistan's undocumented economy is estimated to be 36% of its overall economy, which is not taken into consideration when calculating per capita income.", "Economy of Pakistan __knowledge__ Pakistan is a developing country and is one of the Next Eleven, the eleven countries that have a potential to be among the world's large economies in the 21st century." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 4, 4, 5 ]

[ "Yeah skateboarding is an action packed sport that does involve performing lots of tricks using the skateboard. I am sure if you practice you will get better.", "That is one of the uses for a skateboard. A lot of people use it for commuting but also people use it as an art form or even use it in their jobs. But mostly people use a skateboard recreationally.", "That is definitely a down fall. Pun intended, lol. They say that there are 11.08 million active skateboarders in the world. That is incredible!", "Yeah and the skateboarding market is worth around 4.8 billion dollars in annual sales.", "The most incredible thing is that skateboarding will be represented in Olympic Games in 2020 for the very first time ever." ]

[ "Skateboarding", "Skateboarding", "Skateboarding", "Skateboarding", "Skateboarding" ]

[ "Immortality\nI really wish i could live forever", "Yeah I have heard the before", "That is kinda interesting tell me more", "What year was to proven in?", "I think i get it now thankc" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Immortality __knowledge__ Immortality is eternal life, being exempt from death, unending existence.", "Immortality __knowledge__ Some modern species may possess biological immortality.", "Immortality __knowledge__ Certain scientists, futurists, and philosophers have theorized about the immortality of the human body, with some suggesting that human immortality may be achievable in the first few decades of the 21st century.", "Immortality __knowledge__ Other advocates believe that life extension is a more achievable goal in the short term, with immortality awaiting further research breakthroughs.", "Immortality __knowledge__ The absence of aging would provide humans with biological immortality, but not invulnerability to death by disease or physical trauma; although mind uploading could solve that issue if it proved possible.", "Immortality __knowledge__ Whether the process of internal endoimmortality is delivered within the upcoming years depends chiefly on research (and in neuron research in the case of endoimmortality through an immortalized cell line) in the former view and perhaps is an awaited goal in the latter case.", "Immortality __knowledge__ In religious contexts, immortality is often stated to be one of the promises of God (or other deities) to human beings who show goodness or else follow divine law.", "Immortality __knowledge__ What form an unending human life would take, or whether an immaterial soul exists and possesses immortality, has been a major point of focus of religion, as well as the subject of speculation, fantasy, and debate.", "Live Forever __knowledge__ \"Live Forever\" is a song by the English rock band Oasis.", "Live Forever __knowledge__ Written by Noel Gallagher, the song was released as the third single from their debut album \"Definitely Maybe\" (1994) on 8 August 1994, just prior to that album's release.", "Live Forever __knowledge__ Gallagher wrote the song in 1991, before he joined Oasis.", "Live Forever __knowledge__ Inspired by the Rolling Stones' \"Shine a Light\", \"Live Forever\" features a basic song structure and lyrics with an optimistic outlook that contrasted with the attitude of the grunge bands popular at the time.", "Live Forever __knowledge__ The song was the first Oasis single to enter the top ten in the United Kingdom, and garnered critical acclaim.", "Live Forever (Matthew West album) __knowledge__ Live Forever is the sixth studio album by Matthew West, released on April 28, 2015 through Sparrow Records alongside Capitol Christian Music Group.", "Live Forever (Matthew West album) __knowledge__ Three singles were officially released off the album including \"Day One\", \"Grace Wins\", and \"Mended\".", "Live Forever (Matthew West album) __knowledge__ Grace S. Aspinwall, awarding the album four and a half stars at \"CCM Magazine\", writes, \"Ever the intricate storyteller, Matthew West rarely disappoints.", "Live Forever (Matthew West album) __knowledge__ \"Live Forever\" follows suit and is even more moving and content rich than his most recent offerings, which is saying a lot ... West up's the ante and has sonically delivered his best performances to date ...", "Ryan Sheridan (musician) __knowledge__ Ryan Sheridan (born 28 January 1982) is an Irish singer, songwriter and guitarist from County Monaghan.", "Ryan Sheridan (musician) __knowledge__ Sheridan started playing the fiddle at the age of seven and played Irish traditional music with Comhaltas for several years.", "Ryan Sheridan (musician) __knowledge__ At the age of 16 he left Ireland to perform as a dancer with the Riverdance ensemble.", "Ryan Sheridan (musician) __knowledge__ He toured the US with Riverdance for four years and then spent two years performing at the Gershwin Theatre on Broadway.", "Ryan Sheridan (musician) __knowledge__ Sheridan started writing music and playing guitar while living in New York City, and in 2004 Ryan moved to Glasgow to form the rockband Shiversaint.", "Ryan Sheridan (musician) __knowledge__ He returned to Ireland in 2006 and met Polish percussionist and cajon player Artur Graczyk who joined the band.", "Annihilationism __knowledge__ Annihilationism (also known as extinctionism or destructionism) is a belief that after the final judgment some human beings and all fallen angels (all of the damned) will be totally destroyed so as to not exist, or that their consciousness will be extinguished, rather than suffer everlasting torment in hell (often synonymized with the lake of fire).", "Annihilationism __knowledge__ Annihilationism is directly related to the doctrine of conditional immortality, the idea that a human soul is not immortal unless it is given eternal life.", "Annihilationism __knowledge__ Annihilationism asserts that God will eventually destroy the wicked, leaving only the righteous to live on in immortality.", "Brian May __knowledge__ Brian Harold May, (born 19 July 1947) is an English musician, singer, songwriter, astrophysicist, and photographer.", "Brian May __knowledge__ He is best known as the lead guitarist of the rock band Queen.", "Brian May __knowledge__ He uses a home-built electric guitar called the Red Special.", "Brian May __knowledge__ His compositions for the band include \"We Will Rock You\", \"Tie Your Mother Down\", \"I Want It All\", \"Fat Bottomed Girls\", \"Flash\", \"Hammer to Fall\", \"Save Me\", \"Who Wants to Live Forever\", and \"The Show Must Go On\".", "Brian May __knowledge__ May was a co-founder of Queen with lead singer Freddie Mercury and drummer Roger Taylor, having previously performed with Taylor in the band Smile, which he had joined while he was at university.", "How to Live Forever __knowledge__ How to Live Forever, written by director Mark Wexler and Robert DeMaio, is a documentary that follows Mark on a three-year pilgrimage to discover the best practices and philosophies to help mitigate \"the uncool trappings of old age.\"", "How to Live Forever __knowledge__ With the death of his mother (artist Marian Witt-Wexler) and the arrival of an AARP card, Wexler begins to wonder if one can truly achieve immortality.", "How to Live Forever __knowledge__ He interviews an eclectic group of celebrities, health care professionals, centenarians, followers of Laughter Yoga, and scientists contemplating technology’s impact on the average lifespan in an attempt to conquer death.", "Who Wants to Live Forever __knowledge__ \"Who Wants to Live Forever\" is a song by the British rock band Queen.", "Who Wants to Live Forever __knowledge__ It is the sixth track on the album \"A Kind of Magic\", released in June 1986, and was written by lead guitarist Brian May for the soundtrack to the film \"Highlander\".", "Who Wants to Live Forever __knowledge__ The song peaked at No.", "Who Wants to Live Forever __knowledge__ 24 in the UK charts.", "Who Wants to Live Forever __knowledge__ The song is used to frame the scenes in the film where Connor MacLeod must endure his beloved wife Heather MacLeod growing old and dying while he, as an Immortal, remains forever young.", "Who Wants to Live Forever __knowledge__ (It was later used in the episodes \"\", \"\", \"\", \"Line of Fire\", and \"Leader of the Pack\" of the ).", "Who Wants to Live Forever __knowledge__ Brian May wrote the song in the backseat of his car after seeing a 20-minute first cut of the scene of Heather's death." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Immortality __knowledge__ Immortality is eternal life, being exempt from death, unending existence.", "Immortality __knowledge__ Some modern species may possess biological immortality.", "Immortality __knowledge__ Certain scientists, futurists, and philosophers have theorized about the immortality of the human body, with some suggesting that human immortality may be achievable in the first few decades of the 21st century.", "Immortality __knowledge__ Other advocates believe that life extension is a more achievable goal in the short term, with immortality awaiting further research breakthroughs.", "Immortality __knowledge__ The absence of aging would provide humans with biological immortality, but not invulnerability to death by disease or physical trauma; although mind uploading could solve that issue if it proved possible.", "Immortality __knowledge__ Whether the process of internal endoimmortality is delivered within the upcoming years depends chiefly on research (and in neuron research in the case of endoimmortality through an immortalized cell line) in the former view and perhaps is an awaited goal in the latter case.", "Immortality __knowledge__ In religious contexts, immortality is often stated to be one of the promises of God (or other deities) to human beings who show goodness or else follow divine law.", "Immortality __knowledge__ What form an unending human life would take, or whether an immaterial soul exists and possesses immortality, has been a major point of focus of religion, as well as the subject of speculation, fantasy, and debate.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ is a song by American singer Usher.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ He co-wrote the song with Sean Garrett, Patrick J. Que Smith, Robert McDowell, LRoc, Ludacris, Da'Ron, and Lil Jon.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ It also features guest vocals from Lil Jon and Ludacris, with the former also producing the song as well as incorporating crunk and R&B—which he coined as crunk&B—in the song's production.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was released as the lead single from Usher's fourth studio album \"Confessions\" (2004) on January 27, 2004, after Usher was told by Arista Records, his label at the time, to record more tracks for the album.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ topped the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart for 12 consecutive weeks, before being dethroned by Usher's follow-up single \"Burn\".", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ TRL's Number Ones is the collection of music videos that had reached the number-one spot on the daily music video countdown show \"Total Request Live\" which aired on MTV from 1998 to 2008.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ Usually the same video will stay on the number-one spot for a series of weeks but after a certain period it will be retired or honorably discharged from the countdown and be put into the hall of fame.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ The music video is usually determined various ways such as voting online on MTV.com, the \"Billboard\" charts, ratings on the radio and downloads over the internet.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ January 2: \"Lose Yourself\" - Eminem January 3: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 6: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 7: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 8: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 9: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 10: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 13: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 14: \"All I Have\" - Jennifer Lopez featuring LL Cool J January 15: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 16: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 17: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 22: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 23: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 24: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 28: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 29: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 30: \"Bump, Bump, Bump\" - B2K featuring P. Diddy January 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 3: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 4: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 7: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 10: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 11: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 12: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 14: Valentine's Day Special #1 Video: \"Why I Love You\" - B2K February 17: TRL Awards #1 Video: \"Larger Than Life\" - Backstreet Boys February 18: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 19: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 20: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 21: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 24: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 25: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 26: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake February 27: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 28: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 3: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 4: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 7: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 10: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 11: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 12: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 14: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 17: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 18: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 19: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 20: Coverage on the war in Iraq March 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 24: \"The Hell Song\" - Sum 41 March 25: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 26: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 1: \"Girlfriend\" - B2K April 2: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 3: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 4: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 7: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 8: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 9: \"Addicted\" - Simple Plan April 10: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 11: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 15: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 16: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 17: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 18: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 22: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 23: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 24: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 25: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 28: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 29: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 30: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 1: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 2: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 5: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 6: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 7: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 8: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 9: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 12: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 13: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 15: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 16: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 19: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 20: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 22: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 26: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 27: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 28: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 29: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 30: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 2: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 3: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 4: \"Rock Wit U\" - Ashanti June 5: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 9: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 10: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 11: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 12: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 16: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 17: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 18: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 19: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 23: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 24: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 25: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 26: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 30: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 1: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 2: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 3: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 7: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 8: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 9: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 10: Dynamic Duos #1 Video: \"Girlfriend ( Remix )\"- 'N Sync featuring Nelly July 11: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 14: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 15: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 16: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 17: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 18: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 21: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 22: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 23: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 24: Funniest Video #1 Video: \"Without Me\" - Eminem July 25: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 28: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 29: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 30: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 31: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 1: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 4: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 5: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 6: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 7: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 8: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 11: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 12: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 13: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 14: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 15: August 18: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 19: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 20: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 21: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 26: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 27: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy August 28: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 29: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 2: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 3: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 4: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 5: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 8: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 9: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 10: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 11: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 12: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 15: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 17: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 18: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 19: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 23: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 24: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 25: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 26: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 29: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 30: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 1: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 2: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 3: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell October 6: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 7: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul October 8: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 9: \"Perfect\" - Simple Plan October 10: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 14: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 15: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 17: \"Trouble\" - P!nk October 18: \"Trouble\" - Pink October 21: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 23: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 27: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 28: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 29: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 30: \"Will You\" - P. O. D. October 31: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 3: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 4: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 5: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 6: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 7: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 11: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 12: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 13: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 14: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 17: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 18: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 19: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 20: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 24: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 25: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 1: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 2: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 3: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 4: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 5: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 8: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 11: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 16: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 17: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 18: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 19: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 22: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 23: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 29: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit December 30: Song Of The Year: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 5: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 6: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 7: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 8: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 13: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 14: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 16: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 19: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 21: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 22: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 26: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 27: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 28: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 29: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 30: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring Jason Weaver February 2: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 9: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 10: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 11: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 12: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 13: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte February 16: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 17: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 18: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 19: \"Sorry 2004\" - Ruben Studdard February 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 23: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 24: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 25: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon February 27: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 2: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 3: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 4: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 5: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 8: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears March 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 10: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 11: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 15: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 16: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 17: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 18: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 22: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 23: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 24: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 25: \"My Band\" - D12 March 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 29: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 30: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 31: \"My Band\" - D12 April 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 5: \"Naughty Girl\" - Beyoncé April 6: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 7: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 8: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 13: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 14: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 15: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 16: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 19: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 20: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 21: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 22: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 23: \"My Band\" - D12 April 26: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 27: \"My Band\" - D12 April 28: \"My Band\" - D12 April 29: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears May 3: \"My Band\" - D12 May 4: \"My Band\" - D12 May 5: \"My Band\" - D12 May 6: \"My Band\" - D12 May 7: \"My Band\" - D12 May 10: \"My Band\" - D12 May 11: \"My Band\" - D12 May 17: \"My Band\" - D12 May 18: \"Burn\" - Usher May 19: \"Burn\" - Usher May 20: \"Burn\" - Usher May 21: \"Burn\" - Usher May 24: \"My Band\" - D12 May 25: \"Burn\" - Usher May 26: \"Burn\" - Usher May 27: \"My Band\" - D12 May 28: \"My Band\" - D12 May 31: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 1: \"Burn\" - Usher June 2: \"Burn\" - Usher June 3: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 4: \"My Band\" - D12 June 7: \"My Band\" - D12 June 8: \"Burn\" - Usher June 9: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 10: Cross Country Countdown #1 Video: \"Forgot About Dre\" - Dr. Dre featuring Eminem June 11: \"Burn\" - Usher June 14: \"Burn\" - Usher June 15: \"How Come\" - D12 June 16: \"How Come\" - D12 June 17: \"How Come\" - D12 June 18: \"How Come\" - D12 June 21: \"How Come\" - D12 June 22: \"How Come\" - D12 June 23: \"Leave (Get Out)\" - JoJo June 24: \"How Come\" - D12 June 25: \"How Come\" - D12 June 28: \"Leave ( Get Out )\" - JoJo June 29: \"How Come\" - D12 June 30: \"Confessions Pt.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Confessions is the fourth studio album by American singer Usher.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ It was released on March 23, 2004, by Arista Records.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Recording sessions for the album took place during 2003 to 2004, with its production handled by his longtime collaborator Jermaine Dupri, along with Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis and Lil Jon, among others.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Primarily an R&B album, \"Confessions\" showcases Usher as a crooner through a mixture of ballads and up-tempos, incorporating musical genres of dance-pop, hip hop and crunk.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ The album's themes generated controversy about Usher's personal relationships; however, the album's primary producer Jermaine Dupri claimed the album reflects Dupri's own personal story.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ Yeah Yeah Yeahs is an American indie rock band formed in New York City in 2000.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ The group is composed of vocalist and pianist Karen O, guitarist and keyboardist Nick Zinner, and drummer Brian Chase.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ They are complemented in live performances by second guitarist David Pajo, who joined as a touring member in 2009 and replaced Imaad Wasif who had previously held this role.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ According to an interview that aired during the ABC network's \"Live from Central Park SummerStage\" series, the band's name was taken from modern New York City vernacular.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ The band has recorded four studio albums; the first, \"Fever to Tell\", was released in 2003.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ The Plame affair (also known as the CIA leak scandal and Plamegate) was a political scandal that revolved around journalist Robert Novak's public identification of Valerie Plame as a covert Central Intelligence Agency officer in 2003.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ In 2002, Plame wrote a memo to her superiors in which she expressed hesitation in recommending her husband, former diplomat Joseph C. Wilson, to the CIA for a mission to Niger to investigate claims that Iraq had arranged to purchase and import uranium from the country, but stated that he \"may be in a position to assist\".", "Plame affair __knowledge__ After President George W. Bush stated that \"Saddam Hussein recently sought significant quantities of uranium from Africa\" during the run-up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Wilson published a July 2003 op-ed in \"The New York Times\" stating his doubts during the mission that any such transaction with Iraq had taken place.", "Eternal life (Christianity) __knowledge__ Eternal life traditionally refers to continued life after death, as outlined in Christian eschatology.", "Eternal life (Christianity) __knowledge__ The Apostles' Creed testifies: \"I believe... the resurrection of the body, and life everlasting.\"", "Eternal life (Christianity) __knowledge__ In this view, eternal life commences after the second coming of Jesus and the resurrection of the dead, although in the New Testament's Johannine literature there are references to eternal life commencing in the earthly life of the believer, possibly indicating an inaugurated eschatology.", "Eternal life (Christianity) __knowledge__ According to mainstream Christian theology, after death but before the Second Coming, the saved live with God in an intermediate state, but after the Second Coming, experience the physical resurrection of the dead and the physical recreation of a New Earth.", "Annihilationism __knowledge__ Annihilationism (also known as extinctionism or destructionism) is a belief that after the final judgment some human beings and all fallen angels (all of the damned) will be totally destroyed so as to not exist, or that their consciousness will be extinguished, rather than suffer everlasting torment in hell (often synonymized with the lake of fire).", "Annihilationism __knowledge__ Annihilationism is directly related to the doctrine of conditional immortality, the idea that a human soul is not immortal unless it is given eternal life.", "Annihilationism __knowledge__ Annihilationism asserts that God will eventually destroy the wicked, leaving only the righteous to live on in immortality.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Christian theology is the theology of Christian belief and practice.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Such study concentrates primarily upon the texts of the Old Testament and of the New Testament, as well as on Christian tradition.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Christian theologians use biblical exegesis, rational analysis and argument.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Theologians may undertake Christian theology in order: or for a variety of other reasons.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Systematic theology as a discipline of Christian theology formulates an orderly, rational and coherent account of Christian faith and beliefs.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Systematic theology draws on the foundational sacred texts of Christianity, while simultaneously investigating the development of Christian doctrine over the course of history, particularly through philosophical evolution.", "Problem of Hell __knowledge__ The problem of Hell is an ethical problem in religion in which the existence of Hell for the punishment of souls is regarded as inconsistent with the notion of a just, moral, and omnibenevolent God.", "Problem of Hell __knowledge__ It derives from four key propositions: that Hell exists; that it is for the punishment of people whose lives on Earth are judged to have sinned against God; that some people go there; and there is no escape.", "Problem of Hell __knowledge__ There are several major issues to the problem of Hell.", "Problem of Hell __knowledge__ The first is its definition, as there are several words in the original languages of the Bible that are translated into the word \"hell\" in English.", "Afterlife __knowledge__ The afterlife (also referred to as life after death or the hereafter) is the belief that an essential part of an individual's identity or the stream of consciousness continues to manifest after the death of the physical body.", "Afterlife __knowledge__ According to various ideas about the afterlife, the essential aspect of the individual that lives on after death may be some partial element, or the entire soul or spirit, of an individual, which carries with it and may confer personal identity or, on the contrary, may not, as in Indian nirvana.", "Afterlife __knowledge__ Belief in an afterlife, which may be naturalistic or supernatural, is in contrast to the belief in oblivion after death.", "Pillars of Adventism __knowledge__ The Pillars of Adventism are landmark doctrines for Seventh-day Adventists; Bible doctrines that define who they are as a people of faith; doctrines that are \"non-negotiables\" in Adventist theology.", "Pillars of Adventism __knowledge__ The Seventh-day Adventist church teaches that these Pillars are needed to prepare the world for the second coming of Jesus Christ, and sees them as a central part of its own mission.", "Pillars of Adventism __knowledge__ Adventists teach that the Seventh-day Adventist Church doctrines were both a continuation of the reformation started in the 16th century and a movement of the end time rising from the Millerites, bringing God's final messages and warnings to a world." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Immortality __knowledge__ Immortality is eternal life, being exempt from death, unending existence.", "Immortality __knowledge__ Some modern species may possess biological immortality.", "Immortality __knowledge__ Certain scientists, futurists, and philosophers have theorized about the immortality of the human body, with some suggesting that human immortality may be achievable in the first few decades of the 21st century.", "Immortality __knowledge__ Other advocates believe that life extension is a more achievable goal in the short term, with immortality awaiting further research breakthroughs.", "Immortality __knowledge__ The absence of aging would provide humans with biological immortality, but not invulnerability to death by disease or physical trauma; although mind uploading could solve that issue if it proved possible.", "Immortality __knowledge__ Whether the process of internal endoimmortality is delivered within the upcoming years depends chiefly on research (and in neuron research in the case of endoimmortality through an immortalized cell line) in the former view and perhaps is an awaited goal in the latter case.", "Immortality __knowledge__ In religious contexts, immortality is often stated to be one of the promises of God (or other deities) to human beings who show goodness or else follow divine law.", "Immortality __knowledge__ What form an unending human life would take, or whether an immaterial soul exists and possesses immortality, has been a major point of focus of religion, as well as the subject of speculation, fantasy, and debate.", "Something Kinda Ooooh __knowledge__ \"Something Kinda Ooooh\" is a song by British all-female pop group Girls Aloud, taken from their first greatest hits collection \"\" (2006).", "Something Kinda Ooooh __knowledge__ The song was written by Miranda Cooper, Brian Higgins and his production team Xenomania, and produced by Higgins and Xenomania.", "Something Kinda Ooooh __knowledge__ Inspired by 1980s pop and George Michael, \"Something Kinda Ooooh\" was released as a single in October 2006.", "Something Kinda Ooooh __knowledge__ It returned Girls Aloud to the top three of the UK Singles Chart for the first time in two years.", "Something Kinda Ooooh __knowledge__ It also made Girls Aloud the first British act to debut in the top five on the chart based on legal download sales alone.", "Something Kinda Ooooh __knowledge__ The music video shows Girls Aloud driving sports cars.", "Kinda (Doctor Who) __knowledge__ Kinda is the third serial of the 19th season in the British science fiction television series \"Doctor Who\", which was first broadcast in four twice-weekly parts from 1 February to 9 February 1982.", "Kinda (Doctor Who) __knowledge__ An Earth colonisation survey expedition to the beautiful jungle planet Deva Loka is being depleted as members of the survey disappear one by one.", "Kinda (Doctor Who) __knowledge__ Four have gone, leaving the remainder somewhat apprehensive.", "Kinda (Doctor Who) __knowledge__ Sanders relies on bombast and rules, while Hindle his deputy, is close to breaking point.", "Kinda (Doctor Who) __knowledge__ Only Todd the scientific officer, seems to deal with the situation with equanimity.", "Kinda (Doctor Who) __knowledge__ She does not see the native people, the Kinda, as a threat but rather respects their culture and is intrigued by their power of telepathy.", "Megaforce __knowledge__ Megaforce (or MegaForce) is a 1982 action film directed by former stuntman Hal Needham and written by James Whittaker, Albert S. Ruddy, Hal Needham and André Morgan based on a story by Robert S. Kachler.", "Megaforce __knowledge__ The film starred Barry Bostwick, Persis Khambatta, Michael Beck, Edward Mulhare, George Furth, Evan C. Kim, Ralph Wilcox, Robert Fuller (who, years later, admitted to being less than fond of the picture) and Henry Silva.", "Megaforce __knowledge__ The film was nominated for three Golden Raspberry Awards, including Worst Picture.", "Megaforce __knowledge__ The story involves two fictional countries, the peaceful Republic of Sardun and their aggressive neighbor Gamibia.", "Red Hot Kinda Love __knowledge__ \"Red Hot Kinda Love\" is a song by American recording artist Christina Aguilera from her seventh studio album, \"Lotus\" (2012).", "Red Hot Kinda Love __knowledge__ The song was written by Aguilera, Lucas Secon and Olivia Waithe, with production done by Secon.", "Red Hot Kinda Love __knowledge__ It is a multi-genre song, combining dance, disco, hip hop, Latin and pop.", "Red Hot Kinda Love __knowledge__ The track makes use of two samples: \"The Whole Wide World Ain't Nothin' But a Party\" performed by Mark Radice and \"54-46 That's My Number\" performed by Toots & the Maytals.", "Red Hot Kinda Love __knowledge__ Lyrically, the song talks about Aguilera's attempts to impress the man she is flirting with and she will not go home without him.", "Red Hot Kinda Love __knowledge__ Its structure received comparisons to songs performed by Britney Spears and Kylie Minogue.", "Kinda Funny __knowledge__ Kinda Funny is an online entertainment company that produces videos on video game culture, film, television, and comics.", "Kinda Funny __knowledge__ Kinda Funny creates content on two YouTube channels: The primary Kinda Funny channel features primarily comedy videos such as \"Kinda Funny: The Animated Series\", as well as Kinda Funny's flagship podcast \"The GameOverGreggy Show\", while Kinda Funny Games is the company's video game arm focusing on Let's Plays and the weekly podcast \"The Kinda Funny Gamescast\".", "Kinda Funny __knowledge__ Since June 19th, 2017, the Kinda Funny Games arm of the company has produced a live, daily, video games news podcast, for Youtube and the streaming website, Twitch, under the name \"Kinda Funny Games Daily\".", "My Kinda Love __knowledge__ \"My Kinda Love\", also recorded as \"My Kind of Love\", is a popular song with music by Louis Alter and lyrics by Jo Trent, published in 1929.", "My Kinda Love __knowledge__ The song was used in the short lived Americana show in 1928.", "My Kinda Love __knowledge__ Bing Crosby recorded the song on three occasions.", "My Kinda Love __knowledge__ The first was with the Dorsey Brothers Orchestra recorded on January 26, 1929 for Okeh Records..", "My Kinda Love __knowledge__ The writer, Gary Giddins commenting on the session said \"Best of all is \"My Kinda Love,\" a flimsy song that he projects stirringly without a trace of the frangible crooning style.\"", "My Kinda Love __knowledge__ Crosby re-recorded the song a few weeks later on March 14, 1929 with a trio for Columbia Records and this was the first occasion that he would be top-billed on a record.", "Kinda Municipality __knowledge__ Kinda Municipality (\"Kinda kommun\") is a municipality in Östergötland County, southeast Sweden.", "Kinda Municipality __knowledge__ The municipal seat is located in the town Kisa, with some 4,000 inhabitants.", "Kinda Municipality __knowledge__ The present municipality was created in 1974 through the amalgamation of three municipalities called \"Norra Kinda\", \"Södra Kinda\" and \"Västra Kinda\" (North, South and West Kinda respectively), which had been formed in 1952 from the nine original entities.", "Kinda Municipality __knowledge__ The name was taken from the old Kinda Hundred.", "Kinda Municipality __knowledge__ Naturewise, the municipality is above all known for the Kinda Canal, a waterway of canals taking boat tours from lake Roxen south through Linköping, ending in Horn.", "Biological immortality __knowledge__ Biological immortality (sometimes referred to \"bio-indefinite\" mortality) is a state in which the rate of mortality from senescence is stable or decreasing, thus decoupling it from chronological age.", "Biological immortality __knowledge__ Various unicellular and multicellular species, including some vertebrates, achieve this state either throughout their existence or after living long enough.", "Biological immortality __knowledge__ A biologically immortal living being can still die from means other than senescence, such as through injury or disease.", "Biological immortality __knowledge__ This definition of immortality has been challenged in the \"Handbook of the Biology of Aging\", because the increase in rate of mortality as a function of chronological age may be negligible at extremely old ages, an idea referred to as the late-life mortality plateau.", "List of civilisations in the Culture series __knowledge__ Various fictional societies are depicted in the Culture series of Iain M. Banks.", "List of civilisations in the Culture series __knowledge__ The Culture series is set in the Milky Way.", "List of civilisations in the Culture series __knowledge__ The galaxy is richly populated by thousands of spacefaring species and even more without any well-developed space travel.", "List of civilisations in the Culture series __knowledge__ Species and civilizations differ wildly in their physique and habitats, their mindset and culture, their technical development, age, size and power.", "List of civilisations in the Culture series __knowledge__ As an example for the differences in scale, the Empire of Azad (see below) is a spacefaring civilization that controls several thousand stars, yet from the perspective of the larger and more advanced Culture this empire is a small and semi-barbarous backwater society, insignificant and unknown to the average Culture citizen.", "List of cities, towns and villages in Sistan and Baluchestan Province __knowledge__ A list of cities, towns and villages in Sistan and Baluchestan Province of southeastern Iran: Cities are in bold text; all others are villages.", "List of cities, towns and villages in Sistan and Baluchestan Province __knowledge__ Ab Anar | Ab Anbar | Ab Chekan | Ab Duzak-e Pain | Ab Gushtukan | Ab Namard | Ab Shirin | Abadan | Abadan | Abadi Kharut | Abady Emam Zeman | Abak Ziri Haj Shir Mohammad | Abak Ziri Hajji Ali | Aband | Abayegan | Abbas Abdollah | Abbas Bazar | Abbas Rostam | Abbas Shah Gol | Abbasabad | Abbasabad | Abbasabad | Abbasabad | Abbasabad | Abbasabad-e Senjadi | Abbasabad-e Sheykh Visi | Abbasiyeh | Abchegi | Abd ol Aziz | Abd ol Azizabad | Abd ol Ghafur | Abdol Ghani Brick Works | Abdol Rahman Safarzayi | Abdol Rahman Sarani | Abdolabad | Abdollah Bazar | Abdollahabad | Abdollahabad | Abdu Zehi | Abeshki | Abgah | Abgurandan | Abil | Abil Pol Randeh | Abkas | Abrin | Abtar | Abzan | Achkidar | Achu Bazar | Adamabad-e Baluchi Now | Adelabad | Adernag | Adimi | Adireh | Afghan | Afsalabad | Afshan | Afzalabad | Afzalabad | Afzalabad | Afzalabad | Afzalabad | Afzalabad-e Pain | Agosk | Agrestan | Agrichan | Agund | Ahmadabad ol Masaki | Ahmadabad | Ahmadabad | Ahmadabad | Ahmadabad | Ahmadabad | Ahmadabad | Ahmadabad | Ahmadabad | Ahmadabad | Ahmadabad | Ahmadabad | Ahmadabad | Ahmadabad | Ahmadabad-e Bogan | Ahmadabad-e Durban | Ahmadabad-e Gurak | Ahmadabad-e Vashnam | Ahu Ab | Ahugan | Akbarabad | Akbarabad | Akbarabad | Akbarabad | Akbarabad | Akbarabad | Akbarabad | Akhundzadeh | Akramabad | Akshi | Al Gari | Al Gorg | Al Gorg | Alamabad | Alamabad | Alanjan-e Do | Alari | Ali Akbar Khamr | Ali Bakshabad | Ali Dar | Ali Hoseyna | Ali Jafar-e Sofla | Ali Khan | Ali Khan-e Kachkul | Ali Khan-e Zaman | Ali Modad | Ali Mohammad Bazar | Ali Mohammad-e Pir Morad | Ali Moradan | Ali Morady | Ali Piri | Ali Reza | Ali Tigh | Aliabad | Aliabad | Aliabad | Aliabad | Aliabad | Aliabad | Aliabad | Aliabad | Aliabad | Aliabad | Aliabad | Aliabad | Aliabad | Aliabad | Aliabad | Aliabad | Aliabad | Aliabad-e Bala | Aliabad-e Bogan | Aliabad-e Chagardak | Aliabad-e Chah Chamran | Aliabad-e Chah Zar | Aliabad-e Garnechin | Aliabad-e Goldasht | Aliabad-e Kargah | Aliabad-e Ladi | Aliabad-e Malang | Aliabad-e Pain | Aliabad-e Pudchah | Alijan-e Darvish | Ali-ye Sufi | Aliyeh Dorudy | Allah Dad | Allah Dad-e Zehi | Allah Dow | Allah Now Bazar | Allahabad | Allahabad | Allahabad | Allahabad | Allahabad | Allahabad | Allahabad | Allahabad | Allahabad | Allahabad | Allahabad | Allahabad | Allahabad | Allahabad | Allahabad-e Baku | Allahabad-e Bala | Allahabad-e Dumak | Allahabad-e Luchu | Allahabad-e Minuyi | Allahabad-e Rowghani | Allahabad-e Sulkuk | Allahadadabad | Allahi | Allahiabad | Amanabad | Amidiyeh-ye Chah Zar | Aminabad | Amir Nezam | Amir | Amirabad | Amirabad | Amirabad | Amirabad | Amirabad | Amirabad | Amrabad | Amrhut | Amrudi | Anar Shahi | Anaran | Anaran | Anaran | Anaran | Anari Dap | Anari | Anari | Anarmantak | Anaruk | Andeh | Angiar | Angurabad | Anguri | Angury | Anjerah | Anjerak-e Pain | Anjir Mehi | Anjirak | Anjirak | Anjirak | Anjirak | Anjirak | Anjirak-e Anary | Anjirak-e Bala | Anjirak-e Pain | Anjirak-e Shahrak Shurchah | Anjiraki | Anjiruk | Anushirvan | Anvarabad | Anza | Apak Chushan | Apareng | Apatan | Apatan | Apudam | Arab Zehi | Arag Khan Malek | Aram Gan | Arbabi | Arbabi | Archini | Arefabad | Arefabad | Army Garrison | Aru Sajahi | Arzantak | Arzaq | Arzuni | As Hajji | Asadabad-e Kach | Asak | Asak | Asan Kuh | Asanu | Asda | As-e Qazi | Asghar Jama | Ashar | Asheqan | Askan | Askuh | Aspi Tir | Aspich | Ata Mohammad | Avaran | Ay Beyk | Aydow Bazar | Azad Gaz | Azad | Azadabad | Azadi | Azadi-ye Olya | Azadi-ye Vosta | Azadkur | Azarabad | Azati-ye Sofla | Azgandi | Azimabad | Azimabad | Azizabad | Azizabad | Azizabad | Azizabad | Azizabad | Azizabad | Azizabad | Azizabad | Azizabad | Azizabad | Azizabad-e Golestan | Aziz-e Bamadi | Azmanabad Ba Seyyedi | Babaskan | Babdui | Bachiri-ye Pir | Bad Bozorg | Bad Kuchek | Bafatan | Bag | Bag | Bagak | Bagalu | Bagh | Baghak | Baghak | Baghdaniyeh | Bagh-e Ghadir | Bagh-e Nil | Bagi Hanz | Bagu | Baha ol Din | Bahadorabad | Bahlir Sirjah | Bahlurmachi | Bahrabad | Bahramabad | Bahramabad | Bahramabad | Bahu Kalat | Bajar Bazar | Bajiri | Bajukan | Bak | Bakhtak-e Bala | Bakhti-ye Bala | Bakjud | Bakur | Bal | Bala Khaneh | Bala Qaleh | Bala Sheykh | Balad | Balak | Balal | Balalabad | Balalabad | Bal-e Bala | Bal-e Pain | Baleshti | Bali Anaran | Ball-e Dad Rahman | Balleh Sar | Baluch Ab | Baluch Abil | Baluch Naruyi | Baluch Recreational Complex | Baluchabad | Baluchabad-e Kahnaki | Baluchi | Baluchi-ye Bala | Baluchi-ye Pain | Baluchkan | Bam Dust | Bam Pishi | Bambasari | Bameri | Bameri-ye Jahan Tigh | Bampur | Banab | Banab | Banaru | Band Dar | Band Sar Chukat | Band Sar Molla Ahmad Bazar | Band Sar | Bandaman | Bandaman-e Pain | Bandan | Bandanbegi | Bandar Dap | Bandar-e Tang | Band-e Lal Mohammad | Band-e Osman Bazar | Bandehi | Banderan | Bandgahdan | Bandgah-e Pir Sohrab | Bandigan | Bandini Kursar | Bandsar | Bangelisur | Bangelui | Bangelzehi | Bani-ye Shib | Banrig | Bansont | Bapatan | Bapi | Baqerabad | Bar Abak | Bar Ahui | Barakeh | Barani | Barasan Riding Club | Barashk | Barataki | Bardarak | Bareh Puz Qaribabad-e Mowtowr-e Ebrahim | Barekatabad | Barg | Barg Dan | Bargin Zeh | Bariz | Barqi | Barzan Den | Barziar | Barzin Dan | Basiran | Basut-e Bala | Basut-e Hajji Hasan | Batagi Dan | Batak | Batli | Bavaridan | Bayan | Bayatabad | Baz Piran | Bazar Ahmad Sanjar | Bazar Madan Chah | Bazar Pir Mohammad | Bazarkabad | Bazgan | Bazi Shahraki | Bazigar | Bazm Balum | Bazm | Bazmahi | Bazman | Bechahanak | Bechu Bazar | Beheshtabad | Beheshtabad | Beheshtabad | Beheshtabad-e Sharif | Behesht-e Dar Kavir | Beheshtiabad | Behjatabad | Bel Pir | Belaftan | Belengi | Bennah | Bent | Bent | Benuk | Beris | Berisk | Berkat Tush | Beryani | Beshaneh | Bezanjekan | Bi Ban Zehi | Biahu Dushing-e Pain | Bibah | Bichand | Bid Bag | Bid Lang | Bid | Bida Setar | Bidak | Bidak-e Bala | Bidak-e Pain | Bidan | Bidan Sarzeh | Bidarabad | Bidi | Bidlad | Biduk-e Bala | Biduk-e Murtak | Biduk-e Pain | Bigdag | Bilari | Binag | Birdaf | Bir-e Bala | Bir-e Rasul Bakhsh | Bir-e Sofla | Birmin | Bistak | Bitab | Bitich | Bitijedap | Bogan | Boghdan | Bok | Bol | Bolandan | Bolbol | Bon Abashi | Bon Deh | Bon Gir | Bon Kel | Bon Rud Mohammad Heyyat | Bon Rud | Bon Rud | Bonab | Bondabi | Bondami | Bongar | Bonguh | Bonjar | Bonseptk | Bonu | Borhanabad | Borj-e Afghan | Borj-e Mirgol | Bormok | Brahui | Brahuyi | Brick Factory | Buchchi | Bufkan | Bug Station | Bugakabad | Buk | Buk White Granite Quarry | Buk-e Hormak | Bulani | Bumask | Bundi | Bur Sar | Burak | Burdaran | Burgar | Burniduk | Bursar | Burta | Burui | Bustan | Buti-ye Bala | Buti-ye Pain Camp Office | Chabahar | Chacheragh | Chad-e Bala | Chad-e Pain | Chaderak | Chagherbit-e Bala | Chagherbit-e Pain | Chagugdan | Chah | Chah Kash | Chah Lashkaran-e Bala | Chah Lashkaran-e Pain | Chah Maldari-ye Abdol Ghani | Chah Maldari-ye Abdollah | Chah Maldari-ye Allahdad | Chah Maldari-ye Esmail Hasan | Chah Maldari-ye Hajji Mohammad | Chah Maldary-e Ahmad Naruyi | Chah Maldary-e Anur Nuti Zehi | Chah Maldary-e Harun | Chah Maldary-e Morad Mir Baluch Zehi | Chah Maldary-e Nuti Zehi | Chah Maldary-e Pati Mohammad Tuta Zehi | Chah Maldary-e Talarak | Chah Mirak | Chah Mowtowr-e Teymury | Chah Nandeh | Chah Shomareh-ye 15 | Chah Shomareh-ye Chahar Mohammad | Chah Shomareh-ye Do Mir Hoseyni | Chah Shomareh-ye Haft Shaharki | Chah Shomareh-ye Panj Deh Mardeh | Chah Shomareh-ye Shesh Sarani | Chah Shomareh-ye Yek Akbarian | Chah Shur-e Seh | Chah Shur-e Shomareh-ye Do | Chah Shur-e Shomareh-ye Yek | Chah Zaman | Chah Zard | Chah Zilan | Chahak | Chahak | Chahak | Chahak | Chahak | Chahan | Chahan | Chahan | Chahan | Chahar Biti | Chahar Cheshm | Chahar Khami | Chahar Suleh Station | Chah-e Abdol Majid | Chah-e Abdol Teyf | Chah-e Abdollah | Chah-e Abdollah | Chah-e Abdollah | Chah-e Abdolrahman | Chah-e Ahmad | Chah-e Ahmad | Chah-e Alam Shah Bakhsh | Chah-e Ali Pangi | Chah-e Ali | Chah-e Ali | Chah-e Alikhan | Chah-e Allah Bakhsh | Chah-e Alu | Chah-e Alvand | Chah-e Amid | Chah-e Asiabi | Chah-e Azam | Chah-e Azim | Chah-e Azim | Chah-e Aziz | Chah-e Baharshah | Chah-e Bahram Dust Mohammad | Chah-e Baluch Khan | Chah-e Baluch | Chah-e Bid | Chah-e Bist va Do-e Bahman | Chah-e Dad Rahim | Chah-e Dadkhoda | Chah-e Damban | Chah-e Damdari | Chah-e Damdary Bahader Khan | Chah-e Danak | Chah-e Dar Mohammad | Chah-e Dar Mohammad Makam | Chah-e Davud | Chah-e Dazu | Chah-e Dekal | Chah-e Deldar | Chah-e Din Mohammad Nabayikh | Chah-e Divan | Chah-e Ebrahim | Chah-e Eid Mohammad | Chah-e Eslam | Chah-e Esmail | Chah-e Faqir | Chah-e Feyz Mohammad | Chah-e Feyz Mohammad | Chah-e Gahi | Chah-e Gahi | Chah-e Ganj | Chah-e Gargin | Chah-e Garuk | Chah-e Ghani | Chah-e Ghani | Chah-e Gholam | Chah-e Gholam Shah | Chah-e Gol Mohammad | Chah-e Golshanabad | Chah-e Gomshad | Chah-e Gurik | Chah-e Hajj Dust Mohammad Dekali | Chah-e Hajj Mahmud | Chah-e Hajj Qader Bakhsh | Chah-e Hajji Abbas | Chah-e Hajji Ahmad | Chah-e Hajji Baha ol Din | Chah-e Hajji Dadallah | Chah-e Hajji Del Morad | Chah-e Hajji Gholam | Chah-e Hajji Gholam Nabi | Chah-e Hajji Isa | Chah-e Hajji Jelal | Chah-e Hajji Karim | Chah-e Hajji Kichi Mianru | Chah-e Hajji Rudini | Chah-e Hajji Shah Mohammad | Chah-e Hajji Siah Khan | Chah-e Hamal | Chah-e Hamel Sheh Bakhsh | Chah-e Hasan | Chah-e Hasan | Chah-e Hasan | Chah-e Hashem | Chah-e Heydar | Chah-e Hoseyn | Chah-e Hoseyn | Chah-e Hoseyni | Chah-e Hut Abdol Aziz | Chah-e Isa Sheh Bakhsh | Chah-e Isa | Chah-e Isa | Chah-e Jahangir | Chah-e Jalal | Chah-e Jalal | Chah-e Jalal | Chah-e Jamal | Chah-e Jamshid | Chah-e Jelai | Chah-e Jomeh Khan | Chah-e Jomeh Khan | Chah-e Kalir | Chah-e Kalir | Chah-e Kamal Nurollah | Chah-e Kamal Siah Jinad | Chah-e Kamal | Chah-e Kamal | Chah-e Kamal | Chah-e Kan | Chah-e Karim | Chah-e Karim Bakhsh | Chah-e Karimabad | Chah-e Karshanian | Chah-e Khan Mohammad | Chah-e Khoda Bakhsh Allahdad | Chah-e Khoda Bakhsh | Chah-e Khoda Bakhsh | Chah-e Khodadad | Chah-e Kichi | Chah-e Kureh | Chah-e Mahmud Kalataki | Chah-e Mahmud | Chah-e Mahmud | Chah-e Majid Sheh Bakhsh | Chah-e Maldari | Chah-e Maldari Badi | Chah-e Malek | Chah-e Malek Sheh Bakhsh | Chah-e Marim | Chah-e Mehrab-e Chah-e Vali Mohammad | Chah-e Mir Jan | Chah-e Mir | Chah-e Mirhan | Chah-e Mirza | Chah-e Mirza | Chah-e Mohammad Bakhsh | Chah-e Mohammad Hoseyn | Chah-e Mohammad Omar Dasht Robat | Chah-e Mohammad Rahim | Chah-e Mohammad Selim | Chah-e Mohammad | Chah-e Mohammad | Chah-e Mohammad | Chah-e Mohammad | Chah-e Mohammad | Chah-e Mohammad-e Chah Jameh | Chah-e Mohammadi | Chah-e Molla Fakhr ol Din | Chah-e Molla Isa | Chah-e Molla Musa | Chah-e Morad | Chah-e Mostafa | Chah-e Mostafa Abbas Zehi | Chah-e Mulla Mohammad | Chah-e Musa | Chah-e Nabi Bakhsh | Chah-e Nabiabad | Chah-e Nali | Chah-e Navvab | Chah-e Nawab | Chah-e Nawabzadeh | Chah-e Naz Bibi | Chah-e Nazer | Chah-e Nik Mohammad Gamshad Zehi | Chah-e Nikabakht | Chah-e Nimeh | Chah-e Nokhud | Chah-e Nuk Bandak | Chah-e Nur Mohammad | Chah-e Osman | Chah-e Osman | Chah-e Pakir | Chah-e Palli | Chah-e Pulad | Chah-e Qajar | Chah-e Qanbar | Chah-e Qanbarak | Chah-e Qezelbash | Chah-e Qorban | Chah-e Qorban | Chah-e Rahim | Chah-e Rahim | Chah-e Rahim | Chah-e Rahman | Chah-e Rahmat Allah | Chah-e Rahmat | Chah-e Rahmat | Chah-e Rasul | Chah-e Rasulbakhsh | Chah-e Rigak | Chah-e Rowghani | Chah-e Saadat | Chah-e Salar | Chah-e Sam | Chah-e Sangak | Chah-e Seyyed Mohammad | Chah-e Shabarvar | Chah-e Shafi Mohammad | Chah-e Shah Mohammad | Chah-e Shahdad | Chah-e Shahi | Chah-e Shahi | Chah-e Shakar | Chah-e Sharif | Chah-e Sheh Dust | Chah-e Sheh Dust | Chah-e Sheykh Hasan | Chah-e Shir Khan | Chah-e Shir Mohammad Gorgich | Chah-e Shirkhan | Chah-e Shirvan | Chah-e Shur | Chah-e Shurak-e Do | Chah-e Shurak-e Yek | Chah-e Soltan Mohammad | Chah-e Soltan | Chah-e Taj Mohammad | Chah-e Taqi | Chah-e Torsh | Chah-e Vali Khan | Chah-e Vali Mohammad | Chah-e Vali Mohammad | Chah-e Yar Mohammad | Chah-e Yar Mohammad | Chah-e Yar Mohammad | Chah-e Yar Mohammad | Chah-e Yar Mohammad | Chah-e Yar Mohammad | Chahok | Chahr Khari | Chahtuk | Chahuk | Chahuk | Chahuk | Chahuk-e Mehrab | Chahuki | Chakal | Chaker Bazar | Chaker Zehi | Chakeri Koch | Chakkol | Chakol | Chakorabad | Chaluki | Chandukan | Chanf | Chang Anari | Charak | Charpadan | Charpanogan | Charti | Chat Kut Ansan | Chatandar | Chati-ye Pain | Chatuk | Chavar | Cheb | Chegerd | Chegerd | Chegerd | Chegerdak | Chegerdanlash | Cheh-e Zar | Chehel Kharvari | Chehel Mani | Chehmeh-ye Sorkh Mowtowr-e Hoseyni | Cheleng | Chelsat Ali | Chengiz Shir Zehi | Cheraghabad | Cheraghabad | Cheraghabad | Cheraghan | Cheshak | Cheshmak | Cheshmeh Bid | Cheshmeh Boland | Cheshmeh Maleki | Cheshmeh-ye Abek | Cheshmeh-ye Amir Amr | Cheshmeh-ye Juri | Cheshmeh-ye Karim Bakhsh | Cheshmeh-ye Khan Mohammad | Cheshmeh-ye Kondur | Cheshmeh-ye Salim | Chetander | Chideki | Chihaki | Chil Konar | Chil Sar | Chil Sar | Chil | Chiliban | Chorpan Shib | Chorrak | Chukaleki-ye Bala | Chukaleki-ye Pain | Chukat-e Abdol Karim Bazar | Chukat-e Bala | Chukat-e Pain | Chukat-e Vasat | Chury | Chutabad | Chutani Dabbar | Dabshan | Dad Mohammad Abih | Dad Shah Mohammad Pahlavan | Dad Zari | Dadahi | Dadallah-e Bazar | Dadi | Dadkan | Dadkhodaabad | Dadkhoda-ye Sasuli | Dadollah | Dadrahman Badfar | Dadrahman Bazar | Dadrahman Bazar | Daf Hava | Daftulak | Dahan Baghi | Dahaneh | Dahaneh-ye Baghi | Dahirak | Dajdad-e Khoda | Dajdagaru | Dajdarig | Dajdelmorad | Dak Deh-e Mardeh | Dak Jamal | Dak | Dakab-e Rughan | Dakk-e Bahu | Dalushabad | Dambdaf | Dambdaf-e Miran | Dambdaf-e Moradi | Dambdaf-e Osman | Damen | Damikan | Damituk | Damitun-e Bala | Damitun-e Pain | Damui | Dan Dastkord | Dan Gisharatan | Dan Sar | Danb-e Sar | Dandarak | Daniar Kalak | Dansar Kaldan | Dansar | Danu | Danukan | Dap Gazan | Dap Kur | Dap Kur | Dapkur | Dar Ab | Dar Dazdan | Dar Giaban | Dar Giaban | Dar Nadan | Dar Narikan | Dar Ziraki | Darabul | Daragvar | Darahu | Darajendan | Darajindan | Darak | Darak | Darang Posht | Darang-e Eshaq | Darband | Darbandkan | Darbast | Darbon | Darchahi | Darduk | Darenan | Dargaz | Darhava | Daridar | Darin | Dark Karimabad | Darkan | Darkas | Dark-e Chandi | Darkeshan | Darkian | Darpan | Darreh Garm | Darreh Kashkin | Darreh-ye Malekhi | Darreh-ye Mazar | Darreh-ye Palfateh Kharestan | Darreh-ye Seyeh Tapi | Darreh-ye Shargan | Darreh-ye Talayi | Darsan | Darsavaran | Dartaluk | Dartang | Darukan | Darvasak | Darvazuk Seyah Takan | Darvish | Dashak | Dasht Kuh-e Anjirak | Dasht Mal Hesaruiyeh Mowtowr-e Ali Zaboli | Dasht Mal Mahmud Naruyi | Dasht Mal Mowtowr-e Ahmad Naruyi | Dasht Mal Mowtowr-e Eydu Naruyi Pirdad | Dasht | Dashtak | Dashtak | Dashtak-e Mil-e Nader | Dashtandar | Dasht-e Emam | Dasht-e Zar | Dashtu | Dashtuk | Dashtuk | Dast Langin | Dastgerd | Dastgerd | Dastgerd | Dastkartaki | Davazdah Sahmi | Daz Darak | Dazandar | Dazandar | Dazank | Dazin Shib | Dazuki | Dazvanik | Dazy Chah | Deh Ali Akhund | Deh Bazi-ye Olya | Deh Bazi-ye Sofla | Deh Hoseyna | Deh Mir | Deh Nadam | Deh Now | Deh Now-e Ali Khan | Deh Qaleh | Deh Qola | Deh Shahdust | Dehak | Dehak-e Abdollah | Dehak-e-Seyyedabad | Dehan | Dehan | Dehan | Dehdati | Deh-e Abbas Aqa Jan | Deh-e Abdollah | Deh-e Afghan-e Bar Ahuyi | Deh-e Afsari | Deh-e Ahmad Ali Khan | Deh-e Ahmad | Deh-e Akhvond Gholami | Deh-e Alari | Deh-e Ali Ahmad-e Lek Zahi | Deh-e Ali Ahmad-e Lek Zayi | Deh-e Ali Akbar | Deh-e Ali Akbar-e Bala | Deh-e Ali Jan | Deh-e Ali Khan | Deh-e Ali Morad | Deh-e Ali Reza | Deh-e Alim | Deh-e Alishah | Deh-e Amir | Deh-e Anushirvan | Deh-e Aqa Jan | Deh-e Aqai | Deh-e Arbab | Deh-e Arbab | Deh-e Arjuni | Deh-e As | Deh-e Asghar | Deh-e Avaz | Deh-e Azad | Deh-e Azad | Deh-e Badil | Deh-e Bala Siyah Rishan | Deh-e Bala | Deh-e Bala | Deh-e Baluchi | Deh-e Bameri | Deh-e Bar Ahuyi | Deh-e Bashi | Deh-e Bashi | Deh-e Boland | Deh-e Bozi | Deh-e Buleh | Deh-e Chahar Dari | Deh-e Chamli | Deh-e Dah Mardeh | Deh-e Dargi | Deh-e Darvish | Deh-e Darvish Ali | Deh-e Dasht | Deh-e Delarami | Deh-e Deraz | Deh-e Ebrahim | Deh-e Emami | Deh-e Eskel | Deh-e Esmail Qanbar | Deh-e Fakhireh | Deh-e Fakhireh-ye Sofla | Deh-e Faqir | Deh-e Fatami | Deh-e Fathollah | Deh-e Gami | Deh-e Gargich | Deh-e Gat | Deh-e Ghafur | Deh-e Gholam Ali | Deh-e Gholam Mohammad Sarani | Deh-e Gholam Naruyi | Deh-e Gholaman | Deh-e Gholam-e Sharifabad | Deh-e Gol Mir | Deh-e Gol Mohammad | Deh-e Golzar | Deh-e Gorg | Deh-e Gorg | Deh-e Gorg | Deh-e Habil | Deh-e Hajji Abbas | Deh-e Hajji Abbas Khan | Deh-e Hajji Abdol Rahim Rakhshani | Deh-e Hajji Abdollah | Deh-e Hajji Hoseyn | Deh-e Hajji Hoseyn | Deh-e Hajji Mirza Khan | Deh-e Hajji Shahbaz | Deh-e Hasan Karbalai | Deh-e Hasan | Deh-e Hasan | Deh-e Hatam | Deh-e Hoseyn Ali Khan | Deh-e Hoseyn Mashhadi | Deh-e Hoseyn Rahman | Deh-e Hoseyn | Deh-e Isa-ye Olya | Deh-e Isa-ye Sofla | Deh-e Jafary | Deh-e Jamal ol Din | Deh-e Jangi Khun | Deh-e Jehil | Deh-e Jomeh | Deh-e Kadeh Feyzabad | Deh-e Kadkhoda Ali-ye Namruri | Deh-e Kadkhoda Shah Jan Bamari | Deh-e Kamali | Deh-e Kandal | Deh-e Karam Mazraeh | Deh-e Karam | Deh-e Karami | Deh-e Karim-e Deh-e Mardeheh | Deh-e Khamr | Deh-e Khiari | Deh-e Khoda Rahm | Deh-e Khodabakhsh | Deh-e Kikha | Deh-e Kul | Deh-e Kul | Deh-e Kul-e Eslam Nazer | Deh-e Lotfollah | Deh-e Mahenda | Deh-e Malang | Deh-e Mansuri | Deh-e Mardeh | Deh-e Mardeh | Deh-e Mardeh Sohrab | Deh-e Mardeh | Deh-e Mardeh | Deh-e Mardeh | Deh-e Maryam | Deh-e Mastikhun | Deh-e Mir Abdollah | Deh-e Mir Baluch | Deh-e Mir Beyk | Deh-e Mir Jafar Khan | Deh-e Mir Khan | Deh-e Mir Shah | Deh-e Mir | Deh-e Mir | Deh-e Miran | Deh-e Mirza Ali | Deh-e Mirza Khan-e Bar Ahuyi | Deh-e Mirza Mohammad | Deh-e Mirzang | Deh-e Mohammad Ali | Deh-e Mohammad Ebrahim | Deh-e Mohammad Mirza | Deh-e Mohammad Shahraki | Deh-e Mohsen | Deh-e Mokhtar | Deh-e Molla Abdollah | Deh-e Molla Ali | Deh-e Molla Nazar | Deh-e Molla | Deh-e Morad Ali | Deh-e Musa Ka Makhan | Deh-e Musa Mohammad | Deh-e Musa | Deh-e Nader | Deh-e Najib Gorgich | Deh-e Nazar Gargich | Deh-e Nazar Isa Zahi | Deh-e Nik Mohammad | Deh-e Nohur | Deh-e Now Jahan Tigh | Deh-e Now Piran | Deh-e Now | Deh-e Now | Deh-e Now | Deh-e Nur Mohammad Hormozi | Deh-e Nur Mohammad Khan | Deh-e Nur Mohammad Safarzayi | Deh-e Nur Mohammad-e Dashti | Deh-e Pabid | Deh-e Pahlavan | Deh-e Parkak | Deh-e Parviz Sarani | Deh-e Piri | Deh-e Qader | Deh-e Qasem Qajr | Deh-e Rahman | Deh-e Rais | Deh-e Rakhshani | Deh-e Rashid | Deh-e Rashid | Deh-e Rasul Khan Mohammad | Deh-e Rejai | Deh-e Reza Ali | Deh-e Reza Janab Valiabad | Deh-e Reza | Deh-e Reza | Deh-e Reza | Deh-e Reza | Deh-e Reza | Deh-e Rezayi | Deh-e Rostam Mahmud | Deh-e Rostam | Deh-e Rowshan | Deh-e Sadat | Deh-e Sadeq | Deh-e Safdar Mir Beyk | Deh-e Said | Deh-e Salim | Deh-e Samad | Deh-e Sand-e Gol | Deh-e Sangu | Deh-e Sargazi | Deh-e Sarhadi | Deh-e Shadi Jamal Zehi | Deh-e Shadi | Deh-e Shah Nazer | Deh-e Shahbaz | Deh-e Sherkat | Deh-e Sheykha | Deh-e Shirdel | Deh-e Soltan | Deh-e Taqi | Deh-e Validad | Deh-e Yadegar | Deh-e Yusef | Deh-e Zaman Khan | Deh-e Zeynal | Deh-e Ziarat-e Jahan Tigh | Deh-e Zir | Dehgandar | Dehi | Dehnow Posht-e Adimi | Dehnow | Dehnow-e Seyyed Khan | Dehu | Dejang-e Bala | Dejang-e Pain | Deji | Dekan Haniyan | Del Kuk | Del Morad | Delaram | Delegan-e Madrasah | Delegan-e Molla Faqir | Delegan-e Sheykh Cheragh | Delmorad Bazar | Delush Bazar | Dempak Bazar | Dengari | Densar Mowladad | Dep | Department of Agriculture | Derangu | Derap | Deraz | Dermanak | Deruk | Deruneh | Desk | Detk | Dez | Dezbon | Dezzak | Digru | Dimrud | Dirman | Dival | Divaneh | Divari | Dizi | Dizuk | Do Dar | Do Dar | Do Rahi Sad | Do Rudi | Do Rudi Narun | Do Shang | Don Garap | Don Qolman | Dorrabad | Dorudi | Dow Kalleh | Dowlatabad | Dowlatabad | Dowlatabad | Dowlatabad | Dowlatabad | Dowmaki | Dowr | Doz Bagan | Dukan Kopt | Duki | Dulabkan | Dumak | Dur | Durban-e Hajji Faqir | Durtum | Dushinkuh | Dust Mohammad | Dust Mohammad Bazar | Dust Mohammad Shah Karam | Dust Mohammad-e Lashkaran | Dust Mohammad-e Shah Gol Pahlavan | Dust-e Mohammad Hajji Ebrahim Hut Bazar | Ebrahim Malek Dad | Ebrahimabad | Ebrahimabad | Ebrahimabad | Ebrahimabad | Ebrahimabad | Ebrahimabad | Edipan | Eftekharabad | Emamabad | Emamabad | Emamabad | Emamabad | Emamiyeh | Emamiyeh-ye Pain | Enayat | Esfand | Esfandak | Eshaq Bazar | Eshaqabad | Eshaqabad | Eshkastag | Eshkastegan | Eshtarak Hajji Nazer | Eskan Dasht | Eskelabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad-e Garnechin | Eslamabad-e Mowtowr-e Abdol Vahdasheh Bakhsh | Eslamabad-e Pain | Eslamabad-e Qanat Shahbaz | Esmail Ali | Esmail Bazar Mahrek Jamik | Esmail Chat | Esmailabad | Esmailabad | Esmailabad | Esmailabad | Esmailabad | Esmailabad | Esmailabad | Esmailabad | Esmailabad | Esmailabad | Espah | Espakeh | Espekar | Espetk-e Hajji Gholam | Espid Bon | Espidabad | Espidak | Estahli | Estakhr | Estakhrak | Estakhru | Eydabad | Eydu Sohrab | Eyduabad Fahreh | Fansan | Fanuj | Faqir Bazar | Faqir Lashgari | Faqir Qasem | Faqir Zehi Khan Mohammad Bazar | Faqir Zehi Morad Bazar | Faqir Zehi Nur Mohammad | Faqirabad | Faqirabad | Faqirabad-e Qanat Ebrahim | Farahi | Farm Complex | Faruqabad | Fath Ali Kalat | Fathabad | Fatuchah | Fazel Allahi | Fazelabad | Feyzabad | Feyzabad | Feyzabad-e Luchu | Firuzabad | Firuzabad | Firuzabad | Firuzabad | Firuzabad | Firuzehi | Fiselabad Gabulan | Gabulani | Gachi | Gadamak | Gadi Dap | Gadukan | Galah Chah | Galak | Galak-e Bala | Galik | Galindar | Galleh Bacheh | Galmurti | Galu Gah | Gamarduj-e Pain | Gamshad | Gamshadabad | Ganban | Gangozarabad | Ganjabad | Ganjabad | Ganjak | Ganush | Ganzi | Ganzuk | Gar Abdy | Gar Faqir | Gar Kandi Rasul Bakhsh Bazar | Gar Kandi | Gar Paskuh | Garab | Garagan | Garag-e Heydarabad | Garagheh-ye Pain | Garan | Garandarak | Garanshand | Garapan | Garbon | Garbudar | Gardak | Gardak | Gardak | Gargandar | Gargush | Gari Dasht Kuh | Garich | Garik | Garikan | Garikan | Garin Parag | Garisheh | Garjumak | Garm Bit-e Bala | Garm Bit-e Pain | Garmir-e Khadem | Garnak Darvazeh | Garowk | Garragi | Garsaman-e Pain | Garsaman-e-Bala | Garshib | Gartupan | Gartut | Garudal-e Bala | Garuk Dap | Garuk Dap | Garuk | Garuk | Garuk | Garukan | Garuki | Garuki | Gary | Gashan | Gat | Gat Rais Golestan | Gatan | Gatan | Gatan | Gati Ap | Gati Gur | Gati Task | Gati | Gati | Gativan | Gatti | Gavajag | Gavanak | Gavandalik Dap | Gavatamak | Gavatamak | Gavatamak | Gavataman | Gavatami | Gavatamin | Gavdal | Gavdari-ye Amiri | Gavdari-ye Sagari | Gavdary-ye Khan Mohammad Kabdani | Gavi | Gaz Anguri | Gaz Gar | Gaz Getan | Gaz Shahan | Gazab | Gazaki | Gazan Ashehi | Gazan Bazin | Gazan Tupan | Gazan | Gazan | Gazan | Gazan | Gazandan | Gazan-e Bala | Gazani-ye Pain | Gazani-ye Taj Mohammad | Gazar | Gazasiahu | Gazauz | Gazbastan | Gazchat | Gazdan | Gazdanak | Gazdanan | Gazdivan | Gazeh Shahnavazi | Gazeh-ye Gamshad Zehi | Gazger | Gazgun | Gazhak | Gazi Zehi | Gazidar | Gazikeh | Gazin Guhach | Gazin | Gazmanzel | Gazmeh | Gazmeh-ye Marishan | Gazmir | Gazmum | Gazok | Gazond | Gazrineg | Gazu | Gazuabad | Gazur | Geh Kuh | Geha | Gehjan | Gel Kan | Gelder | Geli | Genz | Genzerig | Geran | Geransekar | Geravani-ye Bala | Gerd Jangal | Gerd Jangal-e Qanat Dad Mohammad | Gerdahan | Gerdilash | Gerdovak | Gerdu Nan | Geri | Gesk-e Aliabad | Gesk-e Mohammadabad | Gesk-e Sarehabad | Gesk-e Shahiabad | Gespardin | Getanok | Getin Nukin | Ghafurabad | Gharib | Gharibabad | Gharibabad | Gharibabad | Gharibabad | Gharibabad | Gharibabad | Gharibabad | Gharibabad | Gharibabad | Gharibabad | Gharibabad | Gharibabad | Gharibabad | Gharibabad | Gharibabad | Gharibabad | Gharibabad | Gharibabad | Gharibabad-e Allah Dad | Gharibabad-e Bala | Gharibabad-e Hajji Rahmat | Gharibabad-e Minuyi | Gharibabad-e Nark | Gharibabad-e Pain | Gharibabad-e Raduchahi | Gholam Ali Jafar | Gholam Ali Sargazi | Gholam Ali | Gholam Golzar | Gholam Hoseyn Laghari | Gholam Mohammad Bazar | Gholam Mohammad Sarani | Gholam Mohammad | Gholam Nabi | Gholam Reza Nury | Gholam Rostam | Gholamak | Gholammohammad Bazar | Gholamuzamin | Gidbast | Gidbast | Gigan | Gimak | Giman | Giman | Giran | Gishan | Gishtan | Gishtary Dap | Gishterian | Gitan | Gitan | Gitani | Gitig | Gituk | Gobadhamun | Godamdar | Godar Gol | Gohram Kalat | Gol Gaz | Gol Gazabad | Gol Kan | Gol Kush | Gol Mir | Gol Mir | Gol Mirak | Gol Mohammad Beyk | Gol Mohammad | Gol Mohammad | Gol Mohammad-e Danesh Naruyi | Gol Pichuk | Gol Shir | Gol Shudan | Golabad | Golabad | Golabad | Golabad-e Avval | Golabad-e Dum | Golabad-e Sar Qolab | Golbir | Golchah | Goldasht | Golkan-e Shahid Medani | Golkhani | Golshah | Golshah Naruyi | Golshahr | Golzarabad | Golzar-e Piri | Golzar-e Yagan | Gomn | Gonak | Gonbad Shahi | Gonbad-e Alavi | Gondow Bazar | Gonji | Goran | Gorban | Gorg | Gorg | Gorgich | Gorgukan | Gorgunak | Gorudal | Goruh | Gorvan | Gorz | Gosht | Govadeh | Govader Sham | Govahr-e Mili | Govajg | Govarai | Govarnag | Govarnag | Govarnag | Govarnak | Govash | Gow | Gow | Gow | Gowdan | Gowhar Kuh Shahrak | Gowhar | Gowmazi Faqir | Gowmazi Jari | Gowmazi Kowsar | Gowmazi Osman | Gowmazi Saleh | Gowmazi Sanjar | Gu | Guhech | Gujar | Gumay | Gumdar | Gun Zemin | Gunak | Gunak | Gunak | Gundan | Gunefshgan | Gunegan | Gunich | Gunizhdar | Gunkan | Gur Band | Gur Kain | Gur Khalaj | Gur Mazar | Gur Mordan Tigh Ab | Gurabak | Gurabak | Guran Alit | Gurandi | Gurani-ye Pain | Gurankesh-e Abd ol Rahman | Gurankesh-e Jamaat | Gurankesh-e Molla Goharam | Guranzhan Gaz | Gurband-e Avval | Gurband-e Dum | Gurband-e Sum | Gurchan | Gurchari | Gurd | Gurdar | Gurdim | Gurehi | Gurgar-e Jelayi | Gurgar-e Zeman Khan | Gurgatan | Guri | Guri | Guring | Guriyat | Gurkavan | Gurmurik | Gurnagan | Gurnagan | Gurnak | Gurnak | Gurshun | Gusal | Gushan-e Bala | Guvak Dap | Guvanak | Guvas Habibabad | Habibabad | Habibehi | Hadarat | Hafezabad | Hafezabad | Haft Ardar | Haftari | Hajj Adam Bazar | Hajj Mohammad Alishah | Hajji Abbas Shahraki | Hajji Abbas | Hajji Abbas | Hajji Abdollah Bazar | Hajji Ahmad Shahvazayi | Hajji Akbar | Hajji Babakhan | Hajji Baluch Khan | Hajji Baran | Hajji Bazar | Hajji Began | Hajji Dar Mohammad Sardarzehi | Hajji Gholam Ali | Hajji Hoseyn Shahraki | Hajji Hoseyn Shirzehi | Hajji Karamabad | Hajji Khalil Sheh Bakhsh | Hajji Khoda Raham Rigi | Hajji Malang Kharut | Hajji Malek Shirzayi | Hajji Malek | Hajji Nabi | Hajji Nur Mohammad Bazar | Hajji Qaderdad Bazar | Hajji Rasul | Hajji Sabzan | Hajji Safar | Hajji | Hajjiabad | Hajjiabad | Hajjiabad | Hajjiabad | Hajjiabad | Hajjiabad | Hajjiabad | Hajjiabad | Hajjiabad | Hajjiabad | Hajjiabad | Hajjiabad | Hajjiabad | Hajjiabad | Hajjiabad | Hajjiabad | Hajjiabad | Hajjiabad | Hajjiabad | Hajjiabad | Hajjiabad-e Avval | Hajjiabad-e Dum | Hajjiabad-e Esmailabad | Hajjiabad-e Fajr | Hajjiabad-e Khezneh Golchat | Hajjiabad-e Khvoshdad | Hajjiabad-e Minuyi | Hajjiabad-e Pudchah | Hajjiabad-e Vazhdad | Hajuk | Hakim Rigi | Hakimabad | Hakimabad | Halgodari-ye Ashraf | Halgodari-ye Osman | Halim Alizehi | Halim Khan | Halow Bazar | Hamadabad | Hamal Koshteh | Hamantak | Hambaki Kam | Hambunan | Hamid Naruyi Farzand Ekhtar Mohammad | Hamidabad | Hamidabad | Hamidgu | Hamiri | Hamun Research Station | Hamzeh Jahan | Hamzehabad | Han | Hang | Hangiri | Hanif | Haniyan | Hanjirak | Hansan | Hanziruk | Hanzom | Haqabad | Haqami | Haqqabad | Haqqabad | Hari Chahi | Hari | Haridowk | Harun Bazar | Hasan Abdollah | Hasan Jafar Zehi | Hasan Sheykh | Hasanabad | Hasanabad | Hasanabad | Hasanabad | Hasanabad | Hasanabad | Hasanabad | Hasanabad | Hasanabad | Hasanabad | Hasanabad | Hasanabad | Hasanabad-e Dastgerd | Hasanabad-e Kurin | Hasanabad-e Lankeh | Hasanabad-e Shandak | Hasanak | Hasankhun | Hashemabad | Hashemabad | Hashemzahi | Havaran | Havaran | Hedkan | Hemmatabad | Hemmatabad | Hemmatabad-e Shurchah | Hempani | Hendovan | Hendunehi | Herati | Hesagi | Hesaruiyeh Mowtowr-e Nazer Naruyi Ahmad | Hesharkeh | Heshik | Heydar Band | Heydarabad | Heydarabad | Heydarabad | Heydarabad | Heydarabad | Heydarabad | Heydarabad-e Soleyman | Heydari | Heydari | Hezari | Hezari | Hian | Hichan | Hidan | Hiduch-e Pain | Hiduj | Hiduyich | Hikan | Hir | Hirgan | Hisek | Hit | Hit | Hitak | Hitak | Hitamak | Hitan | Hitan | Hitgar | Hitkan | Hizabad-e Bala | Hizabad-e Pain | Hodar | Hojjatabad | Holunchekan | Hormak | Hormiri | Hormozi | Hoseyn Ali Mastian | Hoseyn Arbabi | Hoseyn Baqer | Hoseyn Bazar | Hoseyn Bazar | Hoseyn Bazar | Hoseyn Masafer | Hoseyn Mir Ali | Hoseyn Mirdel | Hoseyn ol Tafali Safar | Hoseyn Safdar | Hoseyn Shahraki | Hoseyn Zehi | Hoseyn Zinal | Hoseyna | Hoseynabad | Hoseynabad | Hoseynabad | Hoseynabad | Hoseynabad | Hoseynabad | Hoseynabad Ladi | Hoseynabad | Hoseynabad | Hoseynabad | Hoseynabad | Hoseynabad | Hoseynabad | Hoseynabad | Hoseynabad | Hoseynabad | Hoseynabad | Hoseynabad | Hoseynabad | Hoseynabad | Hoseynabad-e Bagh-e Nil | Hoseynabad-e Bazy | Hoseynabad-e Chah Rahman | Hoseynabad-e Felfeli | Hoseynabad-e Gaz Shahan | Hoseynabad-e Jar | Hoseynabad-e Khvajeh | Hoseynabad-e Mir Shah | Hoseynabad-e Nilgun | Hoseynabad-e Pudchah | Hoseynabad-e Qanat | Hoseynabad-e Sofla | Hoseynabadi | Hoseyn-e Nur Mohammad | Hoshani | Hudian | Hulmadian-e Bala | Hulmadian-e Pain | Hulmadian-e Pain | Humadan | Hunak | Huraki | Hushab Aluk | Hushak | Hushapi | Hushom | Hut Gat Jahli | Hutabad | Hutabad | Hutabad | Hutak | Hut-e Amr Iduabad | Industrial Estate | Industrial Estate | Industrial Estate | Irafshan | Iranran | Iranshahr | Iranshahr Industrial Complex | Isa Bazar | Isa Faqir | Isa Piri | Isaabad | Isaabad | Isaabad | Isaabad | Itk Jabbar Kuteh | Jabbar | Jabrabad | Jadidabad-e Shandak | Jadu Zehi Buhir | Jadu Zehi Hajji Piri | Jagan | Jagur | Jah Morgh | Jahadabad | Jahadabad-e Pichaki | Jahan Girak | Jahan Tigh | Jahan Tigh | Jahanabad-e Olya | Jahanabad-e Sofla | Jahanbakhsh | Jahangir | Jahlin | Jahlishahr | Jahliyan | Jaht Kallag | Jaik | Jak Sukhteh | Jak | Jakan | Jakan | Jakan | Jakandar | Jakas | Jakbonan | Jakdan | Jaki | Jakigur | Jakigur Proving Grounds | Jalai Kalag | Jalalabad | Jalalabad | Jalalabad | Jalalabad | Jalalabad | Jalalabad | Jalalabad | Jalali | Jaleq | Jam Pali | Jama Azam | Jama Zehi | Jama Zehi Kuh Dim | Jama | Jamaabad | Jamaabad-e Hajji Nur Mohammad | Jamaat Zehi | Jamak Zehi | Jamakabad | Jamakan | Jamalabad | Jamam | Jamaski | Jamchin | Jamia Ni Bazar | Jamidar | Jamidar | Jamig | Jamkan | Jamli | Jamuk | Jan Ali | Jan Bibi | Jan Mohammad Chahi | Jan Mohammad | Jan Parur | Janabad | Janabad | Janabad | Janak Buk | Jandu | Jangal Baghi | Jangal | Jangal | Jangal | Jangal-e Mukan | Jangaluk | Jangaran | Jangarek-e Bala | Jangarek-e Pain | Jangikhu | Janguneh | Jani Golzar | Jani | Janmohammad Bazar | Januk | Jarikeh | Jaruk | Jaruk-e Pain | Jash | Jashtekan-e Bala | Jashtekan-e Pain | Javadabad | Javan Chah | Javan Danan | Javan Kan | Javanja | Javshir | Jazink | Jekuki | Jelalyi Lankeh | Jeyhunak-e Bala | Jeyhunak-e Pain | Ji Sorkh-e Olya | Jiguli | Jihalabad | Jish Kabirabad | Jod | Jodegalabad | Jogan Patak | Joghranvaru | Johli Shahryanach | Johlu | Jolgeh Anjerak | Jomabazar | Jomabazar | Jomeyli | Jor | Jowgaz-e Bala | Jowgaz-e Pain | Jowkan | Jowz Dar | Jowzdar | Judin | Jugin | Juhani | Juhani | Juli-ye Bala-ye Kalateh-ye Hoseyn Khan | Junabad | Junazi | Juran Kuram | Jurani | Juri | Juydad Mohammad | Juyik Kablan | Kach Kurin | Kach | Kachal | Kachdar | Kacheh Rud | Kachian | Kachki | Kachkul | Kachu | Kad | Kad Eshkaft | Kadarm | Kadkhoda Hoseyn | Kadkhoda Safar | Kadu Bazar | Kafeh Hajjiabad | Kafeh Jangian | Kafeh Murtak | Kafeh-ye Khalil | Kaftaregi | Kah Gishan | Kahanok | Kahanok | Kahir | Kahir Dari | Kahir-e Borz-e Bala | Kahir-e Borz-e Pain | Kahiri | Kahiri | Kahiri | Kahn Rahim | Kahn Sakan | Kahnab | Kahnak | Kahnak | Kahnak | Kahnak | Kahnak | Kahnak-e Mohammadi | Kahnan Kash-e Bala | Kahnani | Kahnanikash | Kahnanzeh | Kahn-e Ali Mohammad | Kahn-e Bala | Kahn-e Emam Bibi Surap | Kahn-e Ezzat | Kahn-e Fahreh | Kahn-e Gol Mohammad | Kahn-e Hoseyn-e Pain | Kahn-e Jan Mohammad | Kahn-e Kahur | Kahn-e Karam Shah | Kahn-e Karamshah | Kahn-e Karim | Kahn-e Karim Bakhsh | Kahn-e Kuchan | Kahn-e Magar | Kahn-e Malek | Kahn-e Mir Baluch | Kahn-e Molla | Kahn-e Molla | Kahn-e Nuk | Kahn-e Pain | Kahn-e Rasul Bakhsh | Kahn-e Rudir | Kahn-e Seyyed Mohammad Bakhti | Kahn-e Shah Morad | Kahn-e Shah Salim | Kahn-e Shanbeh | Kahnog | Kahnok Ladi | Kahnok | Kahnok-e Mirabad | Kahnok-e Shirabad | Kahnu | Kahnuk | Kahruk | Kahuk | Kahur Bolbol | Kahurak | Kahurak | Kahurak | Kahurak | Kahurakan | Kahurak-e Shargan | Kahuran Dap | Kahurani Gevash | Kaj Kush | Kaj | Kajui | Kakha | Kaki | Kaktel Daranj | Kakuj | Kal Chat | Kal Gung | Kal Kang | Kal Kut | Kal Shab Ravan | Kal Titeran | Kalag | Kalak Dinar | Kalak Shiman | Kalak | Kalak-e Bala | Kalakontak | Kalan | Kalan Kurd | Kalan | Kalan | Kalani | Kalanzohur | Kalat | Kalatak | Kalatak | Kalat-e Bala | Kalat-e Hajji Nur Mohammad Brahuyi | Kalat-e Jahal | Kalat-e Sofla | Kalateh | Kalateh | Kalateh-ye Kambuzia | Kalateh-ye Omar | Kalateh-ye Razzaqzadeh | Kalateh-ye Sohrab | Kalatin Dap | Kalber | Kalchat | Kalchat | Kalchat | Kalchat | Kalchat-e Heydarabad | Kalchati | Kalchatuk | Kaldan | Kaldanak | Kali Allahabad | Kali Bak Konar | Kali Begar | Kali Tak | Kali | Kaliran | Kaliri | Kaliri | Kaljegan | Kalkali | Kalkali-ye Now | Kallag Gili | Kallag Jamal | Kallag Palang | Kallag Qalandar | Kallag | Kallah Gur | Kallah Mashkid | Kallah Sakan | Kallak Abdu | Kallak Hamud | Kallak Sabzali | Kallakqasem | Kallani | Kalleh Bali | Kalleh Char | Kalleh Chat | Kalleh Din | Kalleh Gan | Kalleh Garmak | Kalleh Giri | Kalleh Gish | Kalleh Guk | Kalleh Guk | Kalleh Huk | Kalleh Huk | Kalleh Jameh | Kalleh Kaz | Kalleh Korq | Kalleh Maran | Kalleh Pahlavan | Kalleh Sakan | Kalleh Sari | Kalleh Shahtut | Kalleh Shahu | Kalleh Sohran | Kalleh-ye Espid | Kalleh-ye Espid-e Eslamabad | Kalleh-ye Shurehi | Kallik | Kallinag-e Hasankhani | Kalmat | Kalpuregan | Kalubarap | Kalukan | Kalukhi | Kaluki | Kalutan | Kaluyi | Kam Kaseh | Kam Khan | Kam Shahr | Kam Zard | Kamalabad | Kamalabad | Kamalabad | Kamalabad | Kamalabad | Kamani | Kamardan-e Pain | Kambar-e Baqer | Kambel Balad | Kambel Dal Morad | Kambel Karim Bakhsh | Kambel Mohammad Azim | Kambel-e Soleyman | Kambik Dap | Kambil | Kam-e Zard | Kaminak | Kamkhan | Kammak | Kamsegari | Kamshahr | Kamu Bazar | Kan | Kanal | Kandarak | Kandarban | Kand-e Gazi | Kand-e Zard | Kandez | Kandikeh | Kandu | Kandy | Kangari Chah Allahdad | Kang-e Emam Dad | Kang-e Molla Abdollah | Kang-e Piran | Kang-e Shir Ali Khan | Kanigan | Kankowr | Kant | Kantak Sari | Kantan | Kantani | Kapak | Kaparan Dan | Kaputi | Kar Gin | Karagi | Karagi-ye Bala | Karagi-ye Pain | Karam Bal-e Bakhshi | Karam Bal-e Faqir | Karam Bal-e Khodadad | Karam Bal-e Ramazan | Karam Beyk-e Rowghani | Karamabad | Karan Kesh | Karani | Karaq-e Shah Jahan | Karash | Karbalai Abbas | Karbalai Ali | Karbalai Gholam | Karbalai Hasan | Karbalai Hasan | Karbalai Hoseyn | Karbalai Musa Khemri | Karbalai Qorban | Karbalai Shahbaz | Karbalayi Heydar | Karbasak | Karbasi | Karbasu | Karchan | Karchan | Karegi | Karguk | Karim | Karim Koshteh | Karim Naruyi Kingi | Karim Shah Nazer | Karimabad | Karimabad | Karimabad | Karimabad | Karimabad | Karimabad | Karimabad | Karimabad | Karimabad | Karimabad | Karimabad | Karimabad | Karimabad | Karimabad | Karimabad | Karimabad | Karimabad | Karimabad | Karimabad | Karimabad | Karimabad | Karimabad-e Deh Tajgi | Karimabad-e Dumak | Karimabad-e Hajji Karim | Karimabad-e Kheybar | Karimabad-e Minuyi | Karimabad-e Nukchah | Karimabad-e Seyyed Ali Khamenehi | Karimabad-e Zarchah | Karkindar | Karkuh | Karkum | Karpasi | Karpedin | Kartakan Shib | Kartakeh | Kartekun | Karuchan | Karuchi Dar | Karuchi | Karuchi | Karudan | Karuji | Karuki | Karuz Dap | Karuz Gilaki | Karuz | Karvandar | Karvandar | Kas Mazur | Kasab | Kasag | Kasami | Kasap Dasht Kuh | Kashak | Kashanuk | Kashen | Kashgai | Kashi | Kashik | Kashiki-ye Pain | Kashk | Kashkan | Kashtag-e Dastgerd | Kasiri Dap | Kasirtalag | Kaskin | Kasur-e Bala | Kasur-e Pain | Kasuri | Kasuri | Kasury | Katagar | Katamak | Katamak | Katbon | Katibi | Katichan | Katinkan-e Bala | Katukan | Katukan | Katukdan | Katuran-e Olya | Kavanz | Kavari | Kazvar Dap | Kek Nuk | Kekdan | Keki | Kelinkan | Kelinukan | Kelk | Kerahmat | Kerai Kur | Kermanchi | Kerstan | Kesh Kurdof | Keshari | Keshik | Keshikan | Keshk | Keshmak | Keshok | Keshtegan | Keskan | Keydun | Keykha | Keykha Rasul | Khak-e Sefidi | Khalband | Khaleq Dad | Khalijabad | Khalilabad | Khalilabad | Khalilabad | Khalilabad | Khamak | Khammak | Khan Bibi | Khan Mohammad Chah | Khan Mohammad Salar Zehi | Khan Mohammad | Khanak | Khaneh Hay Ali Jafar-e Olya | Khaneh Hay Chahar Shanbeh | Khaneh Hay Hajji Dadollah | Khaneh Hay Hajji Khoda Bakhsh | Khaneh Hay Jan Mohammad | Khaneh Hay Khoda Bakhsh | Khaneh Hay Khodadad | Khaneh Hay Khodadad Atash Behar | Khaneh Hay Mehrollah | Khaneh Hay Mului | Khaneh Hay Nazer Saheb Khan | Khaneh Hay Rudbari | Khaneh Hay Saliman | Khaneh Hay Samad | Khaneh-ye Hay Khvasti | Khani Abbas | Khani Gol Mohammad Rakhshani | Kharabeh Shir Mohammad | Kharabeh | Kharaki | Kharbard | Kharestan-e Bala | Kharestan-e Pain | Khash Garrison | Khash | Khaz Pari | Khaz-e Bahari | Khazun | Khedri | Khedry | Kheyrabad | Kheyrabad | Kheyrabad | Kheyrabad | Kheyrabad | Kheyrabad | Kheyrabad | Kheyrabad | Kheyrabad | Kheyrabad | Kheyrabad | Kheyrabad | Kheyrabad | Kheyrabad | Kheyrabad-e Bala | Kheyrabad-e Barqi | Kheyrabad-e Maraku | Kheyrabad-e Padagi Mowtowr-e Sahebdad Nuti Zehi | Kheyrabad-e Pain | Kheyrabad-e Palagi | Kheyrokabad | Khoda Bakhsh Jadegal Tukani | Khoda Raham | Khoda Suli | Khodaabad | Khodaabad | Khodaabad | Khodaabad | Khodabakhsh Jadegal | Khorashadi | Khorashadi | Khoshki Dar | Khosrowabad | Khosrowabad | Khuki | Khun Kaka | Khushnag | Khvajeh Ahmad | Khvajeh Mahmudi | Khvajeh Mehrban | Khvajeh Mesk | Khvastiabad | Khvosh Ab | Khvoshab | Khvoshab | Khvoshab | Khvoshab-e Anjerak | Khvoshdad-e Jadid | Kiaabad-e Padagi | Kijgadar Dap | Kiki | Kiki | Kiksuch | Kishkallak | Kitanban | Kitegi | Koch | Koch | Koch | Koch-e Garg | Koch-e Yusof | Kodan | Kohak | Kohan Nuk | Kohnan Kurdan | Kohn-e Isa | Kojum | Kol Hamin | Kolangur | Kolarai | Koldan | Kolgi Kesh | Kollan | Kollanzeh | Kolli | Kolluk | Koluki | Komb-e Moradabad | Kombil | Konar | Konar Bast | Konar Komban | Konar Shib | Konarak Industrial Estate | Konarak | Konarak | Konaran | Konardan | Konardan | Konar-e Dar | Konari | Konari | Kondel | Kordeskiyan | Korki | Koruchi-ye Bala | Koruchi-ye Pain | Koshkuk | Koshohk | Kotij | Kozur | Kuanz | Kucheh | Kuchinak | Kuchu | Kudaki | Kud-e Now | Kug | Kuh Dim-e Bala | Kuh Dim-e Pain | Kuh Kanar | Kuh Khezr | Kuh Matig | Kuh Ruk | Kuhak | Kuhakam | Kuhan Sotat | Kuhbon | Kuh-e Nurk | Kuh-e Pasan | Kuh-e Piza | Kuh-e Sefid | Kuh-e Tanjilan | Kuhi Sar | Kuhiabad | Kuhigan-e Bala | Kuhigan-e Pain | Kuhkan | Kulak | Kulaku | Kulikan | Kulu | Kupak | Kupch | Kupehi | Kur Nahut | Kuran | Kuran-e Olya | Kuran-e Sofla | Kurang | Kur-e Kelkian | Kureh Ajar Fashari Sepah | Kureh Ajarpazi | Kureh Hay Shahid Beheshti | Kureh-ye Bi Barg Khan | Kureh-ye Chah Bakhsh Dar | Kureh-ye Chengiz | Kureh-ye Hajji Karim | Kureh-ye Hajji Mohammad | Kureh-ye Hajji Sahebdad | Kureh-ye Pir Mohammad Sheh Baksh | Kurgazi | Kuri | Kurkaj | Kursar | Kuruch | Kurziarat | Kush | Kushan-e Bala | Kushan-e Pain | Kushat-e Dum | Kushat-e Owl | Kushat-e Sum | Kusheh | Kusheh-ye Gardak | Kusheh-ye Olya | Kusheh-ye Pain | Kusheh-ye Qaleh Rashid Khan | Kushhok | Kushk | Kusichi | Kusichi-ye Bala | Kusiji | Kuteh | Kutiru | Kuy Patkuk Dasht Kuh | Kuyichu Ladiz-e Olya | Ladiz-e Sofla | Ladkhukan | Laghar Zehi | Laghari Charpan | Lagharkuh | Lagurtal | Lahabad | Lahrab-e Alanjan | Lahrab-e Andeh | Lahremba | Lajehi | Laki | Lakki | Laku Kach | Lal Khan | Lalabad | Lalabad-e Huti | Lalu Bazar | Lalu Bazar | Lanbar | Langar Barani | Langar Konaran | Langaru | Laniyari | Lardi | Lar-e Bala | Lar-e Pain | Lash | Lashar Gahi | Lashkeran | Latfi | Lati Dan | Lavari Ab | Lechvi | Leji | Li Khaki | Lipar | Lisabad | Loqman | Lulakdan | Lurag Khari | Lurgbagh | Luri Rud | Luri Shah | Luriyani | Lutak | Lutak-e Hajji Azim | Lutak-e Rahim Khan | Lutak-e Safar Shah | Lutak-e Shir Mohammad Mach Kur | Mach Mitak | Machan | Machguash | Machik | Machu Qasem | Madan Chah | Madan Shen | Madanch | Madan-e Sang Chah Torsh | Madeh Kariz | Madhan | Madhan | Madineh Beyt-e Bala | Maduhak | Magdar | Magun | Mahand | Mahani | Mahban | Mahbetabad | Mahmudabad | Mahmudabad | Mahmudabad | Mahmudabad | Mahmudabad | Mahmudabad | Mahmudabad | Mahmudabad | Mahmudabad-e Garvas Bakam | Mahmudi-ye Bala | Majid Isa Zahi | Majid | Majidabad | Makaki | Makdan | Makhezan Ab | Maki | Maksan | Makul | Malang-e Jama | Malek Heydari | Malek Mohammadabad | Malekabad | Malekabad | Malekabad | Malekabad | Malekabad | Malekabad | Malekabad | Malekabad | Malekabad | Malekabad | Malekabad | Malekabad | Malekabad | Malekabad | Malekabad | Malekabad | Malekabad | Malekabad | Malekabad-e Minuyi | Malekabad-e Shandak | Maleki | Maluran | Mamakikomb | Mami | Manargan | Mand-e Bala | Mand-e Sofla | Mandilabad | Mandilan-e Bala | Mandirow | Mandiru | Mandustabad | Maneh-ye Pain | Manesh | Manikuk | Manjin | Mansurabad | Mansurabad | Mantan | Mantaqeh Azad Chabahar | Mantaqeh-ye Lad | Manzelab | Manzuri | Marabad | Marah Hoseynabad | Maraku | Marandegan | Mareghan Kand | Margan | Margi Dap | Marguk | Marishan | Markan | Marungaz | Masafar Kalati | Masafer | Masha-ye Baqayi | Mashay-e Dasht Kalla Chat | Masha-ye Mokran | Masha-ye Nurzayi | Masha-ye Sangdasht | Masha-ye Seyahabad | Masha-ye Seyyed Mohammad Rigi | Masha-ye Shahid Abbaspur | Mashhady Gholam Ali Qanbar Ali | Mashi | Mashin | Mashkutak | Mashnak | Masiti Masjedi | Masjed Abu ol Fazl | Maskang | Maskutan | Maskutan | Matkan | Matkan Dap | Maydar | Mazakan | Mazan Pad | Mazan Zamin | Mazeh Sar | Mazraeh-ye Abdol Vahad | Mazraeh-ye Amuzeshi Danshgah | Mazraeh-ye Anu Shirvan | Mazraeh-ye Baqerabad | Mazraeh-ye Barani | Mazraeh-ye Began | Mazraeh-ye Dashtuk | Mazraeh-ye Ebrahim | Mazraeh-ye Hasan | Mazraeh-ye Hishurki | Mazraeh-ye Jan Mohammad | Mazraeh-ye Jangal | Mazraeh-ye Keshavarzy Samimi | Mazraeh-ye Khakaran | Mazraeh-ye Kuman | Mazraeh-ye Malkuri | Mazraeh-ye Mohammad Khoda Bakhsh | Mazraeh-ye Mohammad Reza Gol Shahi | Mazraeh-ye Sarrud | Mazraeh-ye Sorkh Gazi | Meh Abdollah | Mehdiabad | Mehdiabad-e Gaz Mohrab Khan | Mehmehdabad-e Heymagi | Mehrab Bazar | Mehrababad | Mehrababad | Mehrabad | Mehrabad | Mehran | Menab Ab | Mendar | Meskin | Meteseng | Metri | Meydan | Meydan-e Sorkh | Meydanjah | Mian Chah | Mianbazar | Mianshahr | Mihan | Mijuni | Milak | Milman | Mim Khan | Min | Minab | Minan | Minan | Mir Dak | Mir Gol | Mir Gol-e Kalati | Mir Kuh-e Bala | Mir Kuh-e Pain | Mir Shekar | Mir Zamin | Mirabad | Mirabad | Mirabad | Mirabad | Mirabad | Mirabad | Mirabad | Mirabad | Mirabad | Mirabad | Mirabad | Mirabad | Mirabad-e Kohnow | Mirch | Mirinabad | Mirjaveh | Mirkhan-e Shah Gol | Mirtalag | Mirza Chahi | Mirza Nabi | Mirzaabad | Mirzaabad | Mirzaabad | Mirzaabad | Mirzakhun | Mishud | Mishud | Miski | Mitagan | Mobaraki Agricultural Farm | Moddabad-e Lankeh | Mogh | Moghan Shabu | Mohammad Azam | Mohammad Baluchi | Mohammad Dadi | Mohammad Hasan | Mohammad Hoseyn Barani | Mohammad Jahangir | Mohammad Jan | Mohammad Khan | Mohammad Khvoshdad | Mohammad Qasem | Mohammad Rakhshani | Mohammad Safar | Mohammad Shah Karam Residential Complex | Mohammad Zehi | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad-e Adimi | Mohammadabad-e Andeh | Mohammadabad-e Cheshmeh | Mohammadabad-e Janguneh | Mohammadabad-e Kurin | Mohammadabad-e Lankeh | Mohammadabad-e Lurgbagh | Mohammadabad-e Padgan | Mohammadabad-e Pain | Mohammadabad-e Pain Talarak | Mohammadabad-e Pudchah | Mohammadabad-e Pudchah | Mohammadabad-e Qanat Shah Mohammad | Mohammadabad-e Rowghani | Mohammadabad-e Shah Nur | Mohammadabad-e Suran | Mohammadabad-e Tasab | Mohammad-e Shiru | Mohammadi | Mohammadi | Moharbi | Mohimabad | Mohrab Bazar | Mohsenabad | Mohtaramabad | Mojtame-ye Mowtowr-e Hay Tigh Ab | Mok Sukhteh | Mokan Shahi | Mokht | Mokhtarabad | Molla Ali | Molla Avaz | Molla Azim Rudini | Molla Dadi | Molla Dadkhoda Isa Zehi | Molla Dust Mohammad | Molla Ebrahim | Molla Ebrahim | Molla Gol Jan | Molla Karim-e Bar Ahui | Molla Mohammad | Molla Nur Mohammad | Molla Qasem | Molla Qus | Molla Rahmat | Molla Reza | Molla Soltan | Mollaabad | Moluk Bazar | Morad Ali | Morad Ali | Morad Bazar | Morad Hibatan Bazar | Morad Mohammad Bazar | Morad Mohammad Bazar | Morad Qoli | Moradabad | Moradabad | Moradabad | Moradabad | Moradabad-e Gimi | Moradabad-e Juzh | Moradi Kashk | Mordan Heydari | Morid Bazar | Moridarow-e Bala | Moridarow-e Pain | Mortegan | Mosafer Zehi | Mosharqi Jamalabad | Moshkadim | Moshkunt | Mowd-e Geli | Mowla Bakhsh Bazar | Mowlaabad | Mowladad Zehi | Mowlowy-ye Dust Mohammad | Mowmenabad | Mowrti Hanez | Mowtowr Shomareh-ye 202 | Mowtowr Shomareh-ye 210 | Mowtowr Shomareh-ye 212 | Mowtowr Shomareh-ye 37 | Mowtowr Shomareh-ye 39 | Mowtowr Shomareh-ye 40 | Mowtowr Shomareh-ye 41 | Mowtowr Shomareh-ye 5 | Mowtowr Shomareh-ye Yek | Mowtowr-e 15 Khordad | Mowtowr-e 22 Bahman | Mowtowr-e 231 | Mowtowr-e 8 Shahrivar | Mowtowr-e 9 Morad Gam Dad Rigi | Mowtowr-e Ab Faqirdad Jadgal | Mowtowr-e Ab Miran Jadgal | Mowtowr-e Ab Rostam Abir | Mowtowr-e Ab Yaqub Amiry | Mowtowr-e Abbas | Mowtowr-e Abbas Qanbar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Abdal | Mowtowr-e Abdal Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Abdal Rahman Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Abdel | Mowtowr-e Abdol | Mowtowr-e Abdol Aziz | Mowtowr-e Abdol Aziz | Mowtowr-e Abdol Ghafur | Mowtowr-e Abdol Ghafur Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Abdol Ghani Bahader | Mowtowr-e Abdol Hakim | Mowtowr-e Abdol Hamid | Mowtowr-e Abdol Haqq | Mowtowr-e Abdol Hasan | Mowtowr-e Abdol Karim | Mowtowr-e Abdol Karim | Mowtowr-e Abdol Karim | Mowtowr-e Abdol Karim | Mowtowr-e Abdol Khalil | Mowtowr-e Abdol Majid | Mowtowr-e Abdol Nabi | Mowtowr-e Abdol Nabi | Mowtowr-e Abdol Nabi | Mowtowr-e Abdol Naser Kelekeli | Mowtowr-e Abdol Qader | Mowtowr-e Abdol Qader | Mowtowr-e Abdol Qeyum | Mowtowr-e Abdol Qeyum Rigi | Mowtowr-e Abdol Rahim | Mowtowr-e Abdol Rahim | Mowtowr-e Abdol Rahman | Mowtowr-e Abdol Rahman | Mowtowr-e Abdol Rahman | Mowtowr-e Abdol Rahman | Mowtowr-e Abdol Rahman Darfasheh | Mowtowr-e Abdol Rahman Dasht Mal | Mowtowr-e Abdol Rahman Nuk Bandak | Mowtowr-e Abdol Rahman | Mowtowr-e Abdol Salam | Mowtowr-e Abdol Salam | Mowtowr-e Abdol Salam Feyz Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Abdol Salam Rudini | Mowtowr-e Abdol Vahad | Mowtowr-e Abdol Vahad | Mowtowr-e Abdol Vahad | Mowtowr-e Abdol Vahad Pak Tuta Zehi | Mowtowr-e Abdol Vahad | Mowtowr-e Abdol Vahad | Mowtowr-e Abdollah | Mowtowr-e Abdollah | Mowtowr-e Abdollah Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Abdollahi Rad | Mowtowr-e Abu ol Hasan Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Afzal Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Ahmad Azizi | Mowtowr-e Ahmad Mazari | Mowtowr-e Ahmad Naruiyi Vahad Bamri | Mowtowr-e Ahmad Nayib | Mowtowr-e Ahmad Pirasteh | Mowtowr-e Ahmad | Mowtowr-e Ahmad | Mowtowr-e Akbar | Mowtowr-e Akbar | Mowtowr-e Akbar Vasheh Nazer | Mowtowr-e Akbar | Mowtowr-e Alam | Mowtowr-e Alam Beyk | Mowtowr-e Alam Khan Sheh Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Ali | Mowtowr-e Ali Jan Baqeri | Mowtowr-e Ali Kord | Mowtowr-e Ali Qasem | Mowtowr-e Ali Rigi | Mowtowr-e Ali Shah | Mowtowr-e Ali Shir | Mowtowr-e Ali Zehi | Mowtowr-e Alim | Mowtowr-e Alizadeh | Mowtowr-e Allah Bakhsh Hatam | Mowtowr-e Allah Bakhsh Qanbar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Allah Bakhsh Sheh Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Allah Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Allah Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Allah Nazer | Mowtowr-e Allah Nazer | Mowtowr-e Allah Resan | Mowtowr-e Allah Yar | Mowtowr-e Allah Yar | Mowtowr-e Allahabad | Mowtowr-e Ameneh | Mowtowr-e Amid | Mowtowr-e Amir | Mowtowr-e Amir Brahui | Mowtowr-e Amir Hamzeh Shahli Bar | Mowtowr-e Amir Hasan Beg | Mowtowr-e Amir Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Amirabad | Mowtowr-e Amr | Mowtowr-e Amr | Mowtowr-e Amr | Mowtowr-e Amr | Mowtowr-e Amr Shah | Mowtowr-e Anur | Mowtowr-e Anur Qalandar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Anushirvan Guni | Mowtowr-e Arbabi | Mowtowr-e Asa Bamri | Mowtowr-e Asa | Mowtowr-e Asa | Mowtowr-e Asa | Mowtowr-e Asad | Mowtowr-e Ata Allah | Mowtowr-e Aysar | Mowtowr-e Ayyub Borhan Zehi | Mowtowr-e Azim Borhan Zehi | Mowtowr-e Azim Parest | Mowtowr-e Badi ol Zeman | Mowtowr-e Bagh-e Baghun | Mowtowr-e Bahader Qanbar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Bahader | Mowtowr-e Bahader | Mowtowr-e Bahader | Mowtowr-e Bahram Nuti Zehi | Mowtowr-e Bahrami | Mowtowr-e Bajar | Mowtowr-e Balach | Mowtowr-e Baluch | Mowtowr-e Baluch Khan | Mowtowr-e Baluch Khan | Mowtowr-e Baluch Khan | Mowtowr-e Baluch Khan | Mowtowr-e Baluch Mohammad Jadgal | Mowtowr-e Barnayan | Mowtowr-e Barqi | Mowtowr-e Bayigan | Mowtowr-e Baz Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Beha ol Din | Mowtowr-e Behay ol Din | Mowtowr-e Behruz | Mowtowr-e Bejar | Mowtowr-e Beyjar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Beyt Allahi | Mowtowr-e Beyt ol Maqades | Mowtowr-e Bi Barg Rigi | Mowtowr-e Bi Borg | Mowtowr-e Bi Borg | Mowtowr-e Bibi Meh Shahsevar | Mowtowr-e Bigam | Mowtowr-e Bijar | Mowtowr-e Bijar | Mowtowr-e Bijar | Mowtowr-e Bijar | Mowtowr-e Bonadi | Mowtowr-e Boniyad | Mowtowr-e Bulan Zehi Kach | Mowtowr-e Chaker | Mowtowr-e Chamal Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Chengiz | Mowtowr-e Chengiz | Mowtowr-e Chengiz Jangiyan | Mowtowr-e Chengiz | Mowtowr-e Chengiz | Mowtowr-e Cheragh | Mowtowr-e Cheragh | Mowtowr-e Cheragh Ali | Mowtowr-e Cheragh Mir Esfandi | Mowtowr-e Cheragh | Mowtowr-e Dad Karim | Mowtowr-e Dad Khoda | Mowtowr-e Dad Khoda Kamiab | Mowtowr-e Dad Mohammad Jadgal | Mowtowr-e Dad Mohammad Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Dad Mohammad Rahbar | Mowtowr-e Dadshah | Mowtowr-e Dar Khan | Mowtowr-e Dar Khatun | Mowtowr-e Dar Khatun | Mowtowr-e Dar Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Dar Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Dar Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Dar Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Dar Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Dar Mohammad Gamshad Zehi | Mowtowr-e Dar Mohammad Jamshid Zehi | Mowtowr-e Dar Mohammad Janab Dasht Mahal | Mowtowr-e Dar Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Dar Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Darvish Huti | Mowtowr-e Darvish Huti | Mowtowr-e Davazdah Bahman | Mowtowr-e Davazdah Farurdin | Mowtowr-e Del Morad | Mowtowr-e Delmorad | Mowtowr-e Din Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Doktor Spahi | Mowtowr-e Dowlatabad | Mowtowr-e Dusahnbeh Dust Kam | Mowtowr-e Dushanbeh Rushni | Mowtowr-e Dust Mohammad Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Ebrahim | Mowtowr-e Ebrahim | Mowtowr-e Ebrahim | Mowtowr-e Ebrahim | Mowtowr-e Ebrahim | Mowtowr-e Ebrahim | Mowtowr-e Ebrahim Pikary | Mowtowr-e Ebrahim Sheh Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Eid Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Eid Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Eid va Naruyi Hesaruiyeh | Mowtowr-e Emam Allah Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Emam Allah Qanbar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Emam Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Emam Bakhsh Abdollahi | Mowtowr-e Emam Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Emam Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Emanollah | Mowtowr-e Emanollah | Mowtowr-e Emanollah | Mowtowr-e Emanollah | Mowtowr-e Eslam Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Esmail | Mowtowr-e Esmail | Mowtowr-e Esmail | Mowtowr-e Esmailabad | Mowtowr-e Ezzat Rigi | Mowtowr-e Fajr | Mowtowr-e Faqir Mohammad Jadgal | Mowtowr-e Fatameh Sheh Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Feyz Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Feyzollah Qanbar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Firuz Rigi | Mowtowr-e Gami | Mowtowr-e Gami | Mowtowr-e Gami | Mowtowr-e Gargij | Mowtowr-e Garsaz Hoseynabad | Mowtowr-e Geza Beyk | Mowtowr-e Gholam Ali | Mowtowr-e Gholam Ali Deh-e Qani | Mowtowr-e Gholam Hoseyn | Mowtowr-e Gholam Hoseyn Iran | Mowtowr-e Gholam Hoseyn Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Gholam Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Gholam Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Gholam Nabi | Mowtowr-e Gholam Qaderbadpa | Mowtowr-e Gholam Rasul | Mowtowr-e Gholam Sarur Nuti Zehi | Mowtowr-e Gholam Sheh Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Gol Khatun | Mowtowr-e Gol Khatun | Mowtowr-e Gol Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Gol Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Gol Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Gol Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Gol Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Gol Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Gol Mohammad Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Gol Mohammad Palangi | Mowtowr-e Gol Mohammad Spahi | Mowtowr-e Gol Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Gol Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Gol Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Gol Zaman | Mowtowr-e Golab | Mowtowr-e Golab Qanbar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Gorgi | Mowtowr-e Gorgij | Mowtowr-e Habib | Mowtowr-e Habib Baluch Khan | Mowtowr-e Habib Karam Zehi | Mowtowr-e Habib Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Habibollah Sheh Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Habibollah | Mowtowr-e Habibollah | Mowtowr-e Habibollah | Mowtowr-e Haji Rezayi | Mowtowr-e Hajj Abdollah Sheh Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Hajj Ahmad | Mowtowr-e Hajj Ahmad Ali Moradi | Mowtowr-e Hajj Asa Qanbar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Hajj Azim Gangu Zehi | Mowtowr-e Hajj Bahader | Mowtowr-e Hajj Del Morad Nuti Zehi | Mowtowr-e Hajj Ebrahim | Mowtowr-e Hajj Ghafur Qalandar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Hajj Gholam Qanbar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Hajj Hamid Zard Kuhi | Mowtowr-e Hajj Mahmud | Mowtowr-e Hajj Masa Farqanbar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Hajj Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Hajj Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Hajj Naser Brahuyi | Mowtowr-e Hajj Nik Amol | Mowtowr-e Hajj Qader | Mowtowr-e Hajj Saleh Karam Zehi | Mowtowr-e Hajj Yaqub | Mowtowr-e Hajj Yusef Rigi | Mowtowr-e Hajj Yusef Sheh Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Hajji Abbas | Mowtowr-e Hajji Abdel | Mowtowr-e Hajji Abdel Qanbar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Hajji Abdol Rahim | Mowtowr-e Hajji Abdol | Mowtowr-e Hajji Abdol | Mowtowr-e Hajji Ahmad | Mowtowr-e Hajji Ahmad | Mowtowr-e Hajji Akbar | Mowtowr-e Hajji Akbar | Mowtowr-e Hajji Alam | Mowtowr-e Hajji Ali | Mowtowr-e Hajji Allah Bakhsh Shah Nowazy | Mowtowr-e Hajji Aman Allah | Mowtowr-e Hajji Amid | Mowtowr-e Hajji Anur | Mowtowr-e Hajji Aqa Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Hajji Bandu | Mowtowr-e Hajji Bayan | Mowtowr-e Hajji Cheragh | Mowtowr-e Hajji Dadager | Mowtowr-e Hajji Dadkhoda | Mowtowr-e Hajji Del Morad | Mowtowr-e Hajji Din Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Hajji Ebrahim | Mowtowr-e Hajji Ebrahim | Mowtowr-e Hajji Ebrahim | Mowtowr-e Hajji Ebrahim Ta Gazi | Mowtowr-e Hajji Eydu | Mowtowr-e Hajji Faqir | Mowtowr-e Hajji Fulad | Mowtowr-e Hajji Gaza Beyk | Mowtowr-e Hajji Gehram | Mowtowr-e Hajji Ghafur | Mowtowr-e Hajji Ghani Sheh Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Hajji Gholam | Mowtowr-e Hajji Gol Bibi | Mowtowr-e Hajji Gol Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Hajji Golzar | Mowtowr-e Hajji Hakim | Mowtowr-e Hajji Hakim | Mowtowr-e Hajji Hanif | Mowtowr-e Hajji Heydar | Mowtowr-e Hajji Heydar | Mowtowr-e Hajji Hoseyn | Mowtowr-e Hajji Hoseyn | Mowtowr-e Hajji Isa | Mowtowr-e Hajji Jama | Mowtowr-e Hajji Jan Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Hajji Jelal | Mowtowr-e Hajji Jelal | Mowtowr-e Hajji Jelayi | Mowtowr-e Hajji Karam | Mowtowr-e Hajji Karim | Mowtowr-e Hajji Khoda Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Hajji Lashkaran | Mowtowr-e Hajji Lashkaran | Mowtowr-e Hajji Majid | Mowtowr-e Hajji Majid | Mowtowr-e Hajji Malek Dad Rahmatabad | Mowtowr-e Hajji Malek Dad Rigi | Mowtowr-e Hajji Mehrab | Mowtowr-e Hajji Mehrab | Mowtowr-e Hajji Mezar | Mowtowr-e Hajji Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Hajji Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Hajji Mohammad Nur | Mowtowr-e Hajji Mohammad Nur | Mowtowr-e Hajji Mohammad Rigi | Mowtowr-e Hajji Mohammad Sharif | Mowtowr-e Hajji Mohammad Zard Kuhi | Mowtowr-e Hajji Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Hajji Morad | Mowtowr-e Hajji Morad Qanbar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Hajji Nabi | Mowtowr-e Hajji Naser | Mowtowr-e Hajji Nawab Ali Zehi | Mowtowr-e Hajji Nazer | Mowtowr-e Hajji Nazer | Mowtowr-e Hajji Nazer | Mowtowr-e Hajji Omid | Mowtowr-e Hajji Omid | Mowtowr-e Hajji Omid | Mowtowr-e Hajji Pakir | Mowtowr-e Hajji Parviz Qalandar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Hajji Pati | Mowtowr-e Hajji Pir Bakhsh Kabadani | Mowtowr-e Hajji Pir Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Hajji Pirdad | Mowtowr-e Hajji Qader | Mowtowr-e Hajji Qader Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Hajji Rasul | Mowtowr-e Hajji Rasul | Mowtowr-e Hajji Rostam | Mowtowr-e Hajji Sahbadad | Mowtowr-e Hajji Sahbadad | Mowtowr-e Hajji Shah Nazer | Mowtowr-e Hajji Shah Nowaz Rigi | Mowtowr-e Hajji Sharif | Mowtowr-e Hajji Sharif Qanbar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Hajji Shir Mohammad Janguneh | Mowtowr-e Hajji Sohrab | Mowtowr-e Hajji Taj Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Hajji Vali Mohammad Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Hajji Yar Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Hajji Yar Mohammad Shah Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Hajji Yusef Rigi | Mowtowr-e Hajji Zangi | Mowtowr-e Hakim | Mowtowr-e Halim | Mowtowr-e Halim Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Hamal | Mowtowr-e Hamid | Mowtowr-e Hamid Abdollahi | Mowtowr-e Harun Amiri | Mowtowr-e Hasan Bamri | Mowtowr-e Hasan Jafarzehi | Mowtowr-e Hasan Kuseh | Mowtowr-e Hasan Matlaq | Mowtowr-e Hasan Shahli Bar | Mowtowr-e Hasan Sheh Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Hasanabad | Mowtowr-e Heybet Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Heydar | Mowtowr-e Heydar Beg | Mowtowr-e Heydar Hut | Mowtowr-e Heyyat | Mowtowr-e Holim Khan | Mowtowr-e Hoseyn | Mowtowr-e Hoseyn | Mowtowr-e Hoseyn | Mowtowr-e Hoseyn Khan | Mowtowr-e Hoseyn Naruyi Nosrati | Mowtowr-e Hoseyn | Mowtowr-e Hushang Bamri | Mowtowr-e Idu | Mowtowr-e Idukuseh | Mowtowr-e Irani | Mowtowr-e Isa Zabardast | Mowtowr-e Isa | Mowtowr-e Isa | Mowtowr-e Jafar | Mowtowr-e Jafar Bamri | Mowtowr-e Jaha Nagiri | Mowtowr-e Jahad | Mowtowr-e Jahangir | Mowtowr-e Jahangir | Mowtowr-e Jama | Mowtowr-e Jama | Mowtowr-e Jama Rahim Khan-e Dumak | Mowtowr-e Jamach Shameh Nur | Mowtowr-e Jamal | Mowtowr-e Jamal ol Din | Mowtowr-e Jameh Naderi | Mowtowr-e Jamhuri | Mowtowr-e Jamshid | Mowtowr-e Jangi Maksani | Mowtowr-e Jehad | Mowtowr-e Jelal va Kimas | Mowtowr-e Jelal | Mowtowr-e Jelal | Mowtowr-e Jelayi | Mowtowr-e Jema | Mowtowr-e Jemaili-ye Dumak | Mowtowr-e Jihand | Mowtowr-e Jinehduk | Mowtowr-e Jomeh Qanbar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Kalsum Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Kamal ol Din Mohammadani | Mowtowr-e Kamran Gamshad Zehi | Mowtowr-e Kandal | Mowtowr-e Karam Beyk Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Karam Shah | Mowtowr-e Karim | Mowtowr-e Karim | Mowtowr-e Karim | Mowtowr-e Karim | Mowtowr-e Karim | Mowtowr-e Karim | Mowtowr-e Karim Bakhsh Gamshad Zehi | Mowtowr-e Karim Dad Horati | Mowtowr-e Karim Kabadani | Mowtowr-e Karim Khan | Mowtowr-e Karim Kheyr Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Karim Nuti Zehi | Mowtowr-e Karim | Mowtowr-e Karim | Mowtowr-e Kemal | Mowtowr-e Kemal Khan | Mowtowr-e Khalil | Mowtowr-e Khan Bibi | Mowtowr-e Khan Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Khan Mohammad Kaseh | Mowtowr-e Khan Mohammad Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Khan Mohammad Naruyi-ye Dumak | Mowtowr-e Khan Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Khan Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Kheyr Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Kheyr Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Kheyr Mohammad Huti | Mowtowr-e Kheyr Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Khoda Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Khoda Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Khoda Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Khoda Bakhsh Janab Dasht Mahal | Mowtowr-e Khoda Bakhsh Rigi | Mowtowr-e Khoda Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Khoda Morad Abdollahi | Mowtowr-e Khoda Nazer | Mowtowr-e Khoda Nazer | Mowtowr-e Khoda Raham Sheh Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Khoda Rahm | Mowtowr-e Khoda Rahm | Mowtowr-e Khoda Rahm | Mowtowr-e Khoda Rahm | Mowtowr-e Khodad Gamshad Zehi | Mowtowr-e Khodadad | Mowtowr-e Khodadad | Mowtowr-e Khodadad Baluch Zehi | Mowtowr-e Khodadad Sheh Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Khodadad | Mowtowr-e Khodadad | Mowtowr-e Khodadad | Mowtowr-e Khorram Huti | Mowtowr-e Khosrowy | Mowtowr-e Khurshid | Mowtowr-e Khvabiar | Mowtowr-e Khvasti Nuti Zehi | Mowtowr-e Kichi | Mowtowr-e Kuh Nuri | Mowtowr-e Lal Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Lal Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Lal Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Lashkaran | Mowtowr-e Lashkaran | Mowtowr-e Lashkaran | Mowtowr-e Lashkaran | Mowtowr-e Lashkaran | Mowtowr-e Latif Geragheh | Mowtowr-e Mabin | Mowtowr-e Mah Gol Qanbar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Mahdi | Mowtowr-e Mahdi Salari | Mowtowr-e Mahim Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Mahmud Shirani | Mowtowr-e Mahmud Zehi | Mowtowr-e Mahtaj Naruyi Nuraldini | Mowtowr-e Majid | Mowtowr-e Majid Nowti Zehi | Mowtowr-e Majid Shahli Bar | Mowtowr-e Majid Tanideh | Mowtowr-e Malang | Mowtowr-e Malang Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Malek Shah | Mowtowr-e Malek Shah Qanbar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Malek | Mowtowr-e Malek | Mowtowr-e Malekabad | Mowtowr-e Malekdad | Mowtowr-e Mansur | Mowtowr-e Marim Bamri | Mowtowr-e Masha Allah | Mowtowr-e Mashhadi Asa Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Mazar | Mowtowr-e Mazar Karimi | Mowtowr-e Mehrab | Mowtowr-e Mehrab Mehrabad | Mowtowr-e Mehrab | Mowtowr-e Mehrab | Mowtowr-e Mir Beyk | Mowtowr-e Mir Beyk | Mowtowr-e Mir Dust | Mowtowr-e Mir Huti Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Mirabel | Mowtowr-e Mirak | Mowtowr-e Mirza | Mowtowr-e Mirza Khan | Mowtowr-e Mirza Khan Bibi | Mowtowr-e Mirza Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Mirza | Mowtowr-e Mirza | Mowtowr-e Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Ali | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Ali Gorgich | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Ali Rigi | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Amin | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Amr | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Amr Tutazehi | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Andarvazh | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Arjemandi | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Ayyub Gargij | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Dad Karimi | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Dapakury | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Faqir | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Gol | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Hasan | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Hasan | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Hasan | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Hasan Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Hasan | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Heyyat | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Hoseyn | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Hoseyn Kelkeli Hulabad | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Hoseyn Nuti Zehi | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Hoseyn Shahli Bar | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Jafar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Karim | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Khan | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Mehdi Sajadi | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Miran Qanbar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Naruyi Mirza Khan | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Naruyi Validad | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Nur | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Nursheh Bakhsh va Abdol Hamid | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Rahim | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Rasul Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Reza | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Shahu | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Soltan | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Yusef Brahuyi | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Zaman | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Zeman | Mowtowr-e Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Mohim Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Mohim Yarak Zehi | Mowtowr-e Mohtaj | Mowtowr-e Molla Aziz | Mowtowr-e Molla Bakhsh Kuseh | Mowtowr-e Molla Baluch | Mowtowr-e Molla Hasan | Mowtowr-e Molla Masariyan Gamshad Zehi | Mowtowr-e Molla Musa | Mowtowr-e Molla Qader | Mowtowr-e Molla Vahid Kelkeli | Mowtowr-e Morad Abdollahi | Mowtowr-e Morad Bakhsh Damani | Mowtowr-e Morad Bakhsh Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Morad Mohammad Kuseh | Mowtowr-e Morad Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Morad Qalandar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Morid | Mowtowr-e Mostafa Nuti Zehi | Mowtowr-e Mostafa Qanbar Zehi-ye Dumak | Mowtowr-e Mului Khoda Nazer | Mowtowr-e Mului Rahmat Allah | Mowtowr-e Muluy Abdollah | Mowtowr-e Muluy Jan Mohammad Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Muluy Mohammad Gol | Mowtowr-e Musa | Mowtowr-e Musa | Mowtowr-e Musa Bamri | Mowtowr-e Musa Faqir | Mowtowr-e Musa Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Musa Naruyi Farzand Rahmat | Mowtowr-e Musa Nuti Zehi Padeshahi | Mowtowr-e Musa Spahi | Mowtowr-e Musa | Mowtowr-e Musa | Mowtowr-e Nabi | Mowtowr-e Nabi Bakhsh Baluch Zehi | Mowtowr-e nader | Mowtowr-e Nader | Mowtowr-e Naderabad | Mowtowr-e Najm ol Din | Mowtowr-e Narmashiry | Mowtowr-e Naser | Mowtowr-e Naser Gargij | Mowtowr-e Nasrollah | Mowtowr-e Navab Jadgal | Mowtowr-e Navvab | Mowtowr-e Nawab Jeyhand | Mowtowr-e Nawab | Mowtowr-e Nawab | Mowtowr-e Nazer | Mowtowr-e Nazer | Mowtowr-e Nazer | Mowtowr-e Nazer | Mowtowr-e Nazer | Mowtowr-e Nazer Basham Naruyi Keh Hesaruiyeh | Mowtowr-e Nazer Qalandar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Nazer Qanbar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Nazer Qanbar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Nazer Rigi | Mowtowr-e Nazer Sheh Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Nazer Sheh Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Nazer | Mowtowr-e Nazer | Mowtowr-e Nemat | Mowtowr-e Nemat Allah | Mowtowr-e Neyaz Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Niaz Moyammad | Mowtowr-e Nik Amal | Mowtowr-e Nik Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Nowruz | Mowtowr-e Nur Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Nur Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Nur Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Nur Mohammad Busheh | Mowtowr-e Nur Mohammad Darkhashandeh | Mowtowr-e Nur Mohammad Khanzehi | Mowtowr-e Nur Mohammad Lehdad | Mowtowr-e Nur Mohammad Seyyed Khan | Mowtowr-e Nur Mohammad Sheh Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Nur Mohammad Sheh Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Nur Mohammad Sheh Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Nur Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Nur Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Nur Mohmmadabad | Mowtowr-e Nur ol Din | Mowtowr-e Omid | Mowtowr-e Osman | Mowtowr-e Owrang Huti | Mowtowr-e Pakir | Mowtowr-e Panzadeh Khordad | Mowtowr-e Panzdah Khordad | Mowtowr-e Par ol Din Jangian | Mowtowr-e Pariya | Mowtowr-e Parviz Sheh Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Pasand | Mowtowr-e Pasand | Mowtowr-e Pasnad | Mowtowr-e Pasran Mahmud Isa Zehi | Mowtowr-e Pati Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Pati Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Patti Mohammad Shahli Bar | Mowtowr-e Pey Khvasteh | Mowtowr-e Pir Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Pir Bakhsh Kach | Mowtowr-e Pir Bakhsh Kamkar | Mowtowr-e Pir Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Pir Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Pir Mohammad Borhan Zehi | Mowtowr-e Pir Mohammad Rigi | Mowtowr-e Pir Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Pirdad | Mowtowr-e Piri | Mowtowr-e Qader | Mowtowr-e Qader Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Qader Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Qader Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Qalandar | Mowtowr-e Qanbar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Qasemabad | Mowtowr-e Qeysar Rigi | Mowtowr-e Qir Mohammad Mir Kazehi | Mowtowr-e Qis | Mowtowr-e Rahim | Mowtowr-e Rahim | Mowtowr-e Rahim Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Rahim | Mowtowr-e Rahim | Mowtowr-e Rahimabad | Mowtowr-e Rahman | Mowtowr-e Rahman Gorgich | Mowtowr-e Rahmat | Mowtowr-e Rahmat Rahmatabad | Mowtowr-e Rashid | Mowtowr-e Rashid | Mowtowr-e Rashid | Mowtowr-e Rashid | Mowtowr-e Rasul | Mowtowr-e Rasul | Mowtowr-e Rasul Bakhsh Darkalleh | Mowtowr-e Rasul Bakhsh Fatiyeh Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Rasul Bakhsh Jadgal | Mowtowr-e Rasul | Mowtowr-e Rasul | Mowtowr-e Rasul | Mowtowr-e Reza Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Rezayi Badfar | Mowtowr-e Riazi | Mowtowr-e Rostam Baluch Zehi | Mowtowr-e Ruhollah Bamri | Mowtowr-e Rushan | Mowtowr-e Ruz ol Din | Mowtowr-e Safar | Mowtowr-e Safar | Mowtowr-e Safar | Mowtowr-e Saheb Khan | Mowtowr-e Sahebdad | Mowtowr-e Saleh Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Samad Tuqi | Mowtowr-e Samandar | Mowtowr-e Saraj | Mowtowr-e Satar | Mowtowr-e Setar | Mowtowr-e Seyyd Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Seyyed Ahmad | Mowtowr-e Seyyed Khan | Mowtowr-e Seyyed Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Seyyed Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Seyyed Mohammad Baluch | Mowtowr-e Seyyed Mohammad Sheh Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Seyyed Mohammad Siakhan | Mowtowr-e Seyyed Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Seyyed Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Seyyed Navaz Alishah | Mowtowr-e Seyyed Reza Sajadi | Mowtowr-e Seyyed Shahak Zehi | Mowtowr-e Seyyedi Soleyman | Mowtowr-e Shah Borat | Mowtowr-e Shah Karim Rigi | Mowtowr-e Shah Mohammad Ekhtar | Mowtowr-e Shah Nazer | Mowtowr-e Shah Pari Sheh Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Shahbaz | Mowtowr-e Shahdad Qanbar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Shahdust Bamri | Mowtowr-e Shahdust Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Shahid Jameh | Mowtowr-e Shahid Malek Gamshazarhi | Mowtowr-e Shahid Matahari | Mowtowr-e Shahid Zarak Gamshazarhi | Mowtowr-e Shakary | Mowtowr-e Shakur | Mowtowr-e Shanbeh | Mowtowr-e Sharif | Mowtowr-e Sharif | Mowtowr-e Sharif | Mowtowr-e Sharif Khak Sefidi | Mowtowr-e Sharif Khan | Mowtowr-e Sheh Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Sheh Dust | Mowtowr-e Sheykh Mohammad Mahmudi | Mowtowr-e Shir Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Shir Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Shir Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Shir Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Shiva | Mowtowr-e Siah Khan | Mowtowr-e Siah Khan | Mowtowr-e Sohrab | Mowtowr-e Sohrab | Mowtowr-e Sohrab | Mowtowr-e Soleyman | Mowtowr-e Soleyman Khatr | Mowtowr-e Soltan Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Soltan Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Taj Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Taj Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Taj Mohammad Hasan | Mowtowr-e Taj Mohammad Pahang | Mowtowr-e Taj Mohammad Raisi | Mowtowr-e Taji Mohammad Hut | Mowtowr-e Tavakkolabad | Mowtowr-e Tusi | Mowtowr-e Vali Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Vali Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Vali Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Yadollah | Mowtowr-e Yar Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Yar Mohammad Naruyi Mokhtar | Mowtowr-e Yusef | Mowtowr-e Yusef | Mowtowr-e Yusef | Mowtowr-e Yusef | Mowtowr-e Yusef | Mowtowr-e Yusef Hasan Zehi | Mowtowr-e Yusef Rudini | Mowtowr-e Yusef | Mowtowr-e Zabudi | Mowtowr-e Zaman Rigi | Mowtowr-e Zaman | Mowtowr-e Zarin | Mowtowr-e Zelikha | Mowtowr-e Zeman Khan | Mowtowr-e Zeman Khan Badi Dak | Mowtowr-e Zeman Khan Kachul | Mowtowr-e Zeman Khan | Mowtowr-e Zeman Khan | Mowtowr-e Zeman | Mujan | Muki | Muki-ye Bala | Muki-ye Pain | Multan | Muluyabad | Muman-e Bala | Muman-e Pain | Muman-e Vasat | Muraki | Murdan | Murin Pish | Murt Anjir | Murt | Murtak-e Pain | Murtan | Murtan | Murtankuh | Murti | Musa Chah | Musa Kuhkan | Musa Shahbaz | Musaabad | Muzaik Sazi | Muzan Nabahri | Nabakhsh | Nabi Rud | Nabiabad | Nabiabad | Nabiabad | Nabiabad | Nabiabad-e Kudaki | Nabiabad-e Pudchah | Nadag Dan | Nadan | Nadariti | Nadekan-e Gurmi | Nadekan-e Jami | Nadekan-e Shafi Mohammad | Nadekan-e Shahdad | Nader | Naderabad | Naderabad | Naderabad | Nadriti | Nadriti | Nadudak | Nag Pahan | Nagan | Nagan | Nagan | Nagan | Nagan | Nagan | Nagatabad-e Din Mohammad | Nagatak | Nagpahn-e Bala | Nagudar | Naguk | Naguk | Nahangi Karim Sarani | Nahuk | Nahuki | Naik | Naimabad | Najafabad | Najag | Nakuch | Nalaki | Nali | Nali-ye Dasht Kuh | Naluk | Naluki | Naluki | Nalvad | Nangaru | Naran | Naranu | Narap | Naraqi | Narazad | Nargan | Narmak | Narun | Narun | Naserabad | Naserabad | Naserabad | Naserabad | Naserabad | Naserabad | Naserabad | Naserabad | Naserabad | Naserabad | Naserabad-e Bala | Naserabad-e Olya | Naserabad-e Sofla | Naserabad-e Talarak | Naseri | Nasirabad | Nasirabad | Naskand | Nasrabad-e Rutak | Navaran | Navazan Khorram | Navkan | Navvababad | Nayib | Nayib-e Lajehi | Nazag Kallak | Nazarabad | Nazarabad | Nazarabad | Nazarabad | Nazarabad | Nazarabad | Nazarabad | Nazer Sarani | Nazerabad | Nazil | Nedam-e Gharbi | Nedam-e Sharqi | Negar | Negur | Negur | Neli | Nematabad | Nematabad | Nematabad | Nenduabad | Nespuran | Ney Padan | Neygerd | Nezhuk | Niam Kand | Niambit | Niamgaran | Niazabad | Nik Mohammad | Nik Shahr | Nikabad | Niku Jahan | Nil | Nilak Bon | Nilak | Nilgan | Nilukan | Nimgan | Nirahi | Nirugah Gazi | Nokombokan | Nosratabad | Nosratabad Integrated Fams | Nosratabad | Nosratabad | Novalak | Now Kai Kol | Now Kandan | Now Kin Jahan | Now Shirvan-e Khaneh Hay Darvish | Nowband | Nowbandian-e Baluchi | Nowbandian-e Pain | Nowhani Bazar | Nowris | Nowziar | Nugar | Nuk Band | Nuk Bandak Brahuyi | Nuk Chah | Nuk Chah-e Sohrab | Nuk Ju | Nuk Kanak | Nukabad | Nukabad | Nukabad | Nukabad | Nukabad | Nukabad | Nukabad | Nukabad | Nukabad | Nukabad | Nukabad | Nukabad | Nukabad | Nukabad | Nukabad | Nukabad | Nukabad | Nukabad | Nukabad | Nukabad | Nukabad | Nukabad | Nukabad | Nukabad | Nukabad | Nukabad-e Gonbad | Nukabad-e Janglian | Nukabad-e Luchu | Nukabad-e Pain | Nukabad-e Sarhang | Nukabad-e Shahdad | Nukan | Nukdar | Nukidar | Nukin Deh | Nukjub | Nur Bakhsh Siahani | Nur Mohammad Bazar | Nur Mohammad Dartakideh | Nur Mohammad | Nur Mohammad | Nur Mohammad-e Jahan Tigh | Nur Mohammad-e Yusef Rudini | Nurabad | Nurabad | Nurabad | Nurabad | Nurabad | Nurabad | Nurabad | Nurabad | Nurabad | Nurabad | Nurabad | Nurabad-e Dasht Abkhvan | Nurabad-e Sar Talap | Nuri | Nury | Nushabad | Nut Omarabad | Osman Bazar | Osmanabad | Osmanbazar | Owrai | Owraki Bozorg-e Olya | Owraki Malang Bazar | Owraki Molla Abdol Rahman | Owrang | Owriz Padagi | Padagi Station | Padagi | Padagi-ye Bala | Padagi-ye Pain | Padehi | Padeshahi-ye Bala Siah Lup | Padgan | Padgan-e Golzar | Padgi | Padguk | Padik | Padkub | Pag | Pag | Pahnam | Pakak Hajji Heydar | Pakir Mahmud | Pakir Shahsavar | Palang Sar | Palangiabad | Palangiabad | Palangi-ye Adernag | Palani | Paleh Sin | Palgi Bazi | Palgi | Palgi | Palgi-ye Khamar | Palgi-ye Pain Shahsavar | Palgi-ye Seyyed | Palizan | Palizy | Palizy-e Dar Giaban | Palkchar | Pam Pabanzin | Pamont | Pand | Pandak | Panik | Panjak | Panjshanbeh Bazar | Panjshanbeh Bazar | Pankur | Pansan | Pansareh | Papabi-ye Bala | Papabi-ye Pain | Parak-e Bashir | Parak-e Hutan | Parak-e Morad | Parak-e Sheykhan | Parchak | Parchan | Parchang | Pardelabad | Pardelabad-e Hesaruiyeh | Pardisabad | Pardizak | Parekan | Parisan | Pariz | Parkan | Parkan | Parkani Lup | Parkant | Parmaru | Partang | Parud | Parud | Parudin | Parumi Hajji Heydar | Parviz | Pas Kusheh | Pasa Bandar | Pasak | Pasand Khan | Pasar Mordan | Pasgah Gazbestan | Pasgah Hudian | Pasgah Zeh Molla Sharif | Pashamak | Paskuh | Pat | Patan, Iran | Patantak | Patar | Patgan | Pati | Patiki-ye Bala Javan Tall | Patiki-ye Pain | Patkak | Patkan | Patkan | Patkan-e Bala | Patkan-e Pain | Patkuhi | Patkuk | Patkuk | Patmati | Patti | Pattihan Bazar | Paval | Paygah-ye Rud Mahi | Pazard | Pedehi | Pensakan | Perdalabad | Perom | Persian Gulf Integrated Fisheries | Peshkabad | Pestak | Petti Mohammad Jadgal | Petti | Pey Tab-e Jam | Pich Gali | Pigol | Pil Gushkan | Ping | Pip | Pir Gazan | Pir Kashan | Pir Sir | Pir Sohrab | Pir Zarin | Pir | Pirabad | Pirabad | Pirahan Gavash | Pirai-ye Bala | Pirai-ye Pain | Piran Dakht | Piran | Piran | Piran | Piranch | Pirchah | Pirdan | Pireh Chah | Piri | Piri | Piridan | Pirkan | Pirmati Kallag | Pirmis | Pirsar | Pish Mant-e Owl | Pishgur | Pishin | Pishnek | Pist Mowtowr-e Savary | Pogumzyi | Pol Asbi | Polan | Polkan | Portabad | Porukestan | Poshot | Posht Gar | Posht Giaban | Posht Gorg | Posht Rud | Posht-e Dasht | Posht-e Zard | Poshteh-ye Kamal | Poshteh-ye Pirdad | Poshti | Poshtkuk | Poskuhi | Post and Customs | Potahk | Potak | Potan | Potan | Pozm-e Machchan | Pozm-e Tiab | Puch Geli | Pud Chah-e Din Mohammad | Pudineh | Pugi Nagat | Pujarak | Pur Janki | Purakdad | Purakin | Purchang Gesk | Purchangan | Purchanian Dap | Purjangi | Purjangi | Pusar | Puskin | Putap | Puter Qaderabad | Qaderabad | Qaderabad | Qaderabad | Qaderabad | Qaderabad | Qaderabad | Qaderabad | Qaderabad | Qaderabad | Qaderabad-e Murtan | Qaderan | Qaemabad | Qajar Barani | Qajar Mohammad Hasan | Qajr Kasuri | Qaleh Bid | Qaleh Kohneh | Qaleh Now | Qaleh Rostam | Qaleh Rostam | Qaleh Sam | Qaleh-ye Del Asa | Qaleh-ye Hasan | Qaleh-ye Kang | Qaleh-ye Tarvan | Qaljehi | Qamarzeh | Qanat-e Abdol Ghani | Qanat-e Abdol Hakim | Qanat-e Allahabad | Qanat-e Dadkhoda | Qanat-e Del Morad-e Bala | Qanat-e Emam Qader | Qanat-e Feyz Mohammad | Qanat-e Golzar | Qanat-e Hajji Ebrahim | Qanat-e Hajji Feyz Mohammad | Qanat-e Hajji Gol Mohammad | Qanat-e Hajji Mastan | Qanat-e Hajji Mirza | Qanat-e Hajji Pirdad | Qanat-e Hajji Shir Mohammad | Qanat-e Maduhi | Qanat-e Mir Qalandar | Qanat-e Nur Mohammad | Qanat-e Palangiabad | Qanat-e Pirdad | Qanat-e Rowghani | Qanat-e Rudin | Qanat-e Seyyed Mohammad Padeshahi | Qanat-e Shah Mohammad Sheh Bakhsh | Qanat-e Taj Mohammad | Qanat-e Tajak Naruyi | Qanbar Zehi | Qand | Qandab | Qarah Yaghi | Qarqaruk | Qasem Bampury Jalilabad | Qasemabad | Qasemabad | Qasemabad | Qasemabad | Qasemabad | Qasemabad | Qasemabad | Qasemabad-e Gonbad | Qasr-e Qand | Qateri | Qazaq | Qaziabad | Qazizadeh | Qeblehi Kur | Qodratabad-e Pudchah | Qorqori | Qus ol Din Bamadi Rabuzehi | Rachdar | Radio Broadcrasting Station | Radio Station | Raduabad | Radudaj | Radu-ye Pain | Radu-ye Polan | Ragdaf | Raginan | Ragiti | Ragsha | Rah Dergaz | Rahatuk | Rahdar | Rahim Khan Sarani | Rahimabad | Rahimabad | Rahimabad | Rahimabad | Rahimabad | Rahimabad | Rahimabad | Rahimabad-e Espitaki | Rahimiabad | Rahinag | Rahmanabad | Rahmanabad | Rahmanabad | Rahmanabad | Rahmanabad | Rahmatabad | Rahmatabad | Rahmatabad | Rahmatabad | Rahmatabad | Rahmatabad | Rahmatabad | Rahmatabad | Rahmatabad | Rahmatabad | Rahmatabad | Rahmatabad | Rahmatabad | Rahmatabad | Rahmatabad | Rahmatabad | Rahmatabad | Rahmatabad | Rahmatabad-e Gary | Rahmatabad-e Pain | Raisabad | Rakhshan | Rakhshani | Ramazan Kalag | Ramin | Ramk | Rampan | Ramsh | Ramtuk Dap | Randak | Randeh Shahraki | Rangazan | Rank | Rasak | Rashak | Rashidabad-e Mowtowr-e Nushirvan | Rashkan | Rastehi | Rasul Gholam | Rasulabad | Rasulabad | Rasulabad | Rasulabad | Rasulabad | Rasul-e Afghan | Rasul-e Sarani | Ravak | Ravak | Ravan Dap | Ravang | Rayin Gitan | Razi | Rebabad | Rebabad | Regan | Regentog | Regeti | Reys | Rezi | Richkan | Rig Band Sar | Rig Safar | Rigabad | Rigabad | Rig-e Kaput | Rig-e Muri | Rigechi-ye Bala | Rigechi-ye Pain | Rigechi-ye Vasat | Rigedan | Rigukan | Rihani | Rikabad | Riku | Rikukash | Rimdan-e Bankul | Rimlan-e Kamal | Rimlan-e Pain | Rimlan-e Vosta | Ripak-e Abdok | Ripak-e Lal Mohammad | Ripak-e Pirandad | Ripak-e Saleh | Ripak-e Shiran | Rish Pish-e Bala | Rish Pish-e Pain | Rishpesh | Ritk | Robat | Roknabad | Rostam Bazar Nalant | Rostam Mahmud | Rostam | Rostamabad | Rostamabad | Rostamabad | Rowghani | Rowshanabad | Rubahak Radu Chahi | Rubahuk | Rud Balu | Rud Bon | Rud Mahi | Rud Saran | Rudan | Rudbar | Rud-e Gaz | Rud-e Gol Andam | Rud-e Sanib | Rudgar | Rudi | Rudik-e Karim Bakhsh | Rudik-e Mahmud-e Pain | Rudik-e Molladad | Rudik-e Sahebdad | Rudkan | Rudy | Rufnan | Rug | Ruhgam-e Bala | Ruhgam-e Pain | Ruidar Emamabad | Ruku | Rupas-e Bala | Rupas-e Pain | Rupasi | Rushnabad | Rustai-ye Isa Zehi | Rustayi Muluy-e Khoda Rahm Rudini | Rustayi-ye Duran Khan | Rustayi-ye Hashemabad | Rustayi-ye Sam | Rustayi-ye Sefidak | Rustay-ye Mohammadabad Mohammad Rahman Sabatan | Sabilan-e Gamshad | Sabilan-e Jafar | Sabrabad | Sabrabad | Sabz Gaz-e Olya | Sabz Gaz-e Sofla | Sabz Gaz-e Vosta | Sabz Pushan | Sabz | Sabzvar Keshmir | Sad Durban | Sad Fahreh | Sadaki | Sadeqabad | Sadif | Sadrabad | Safar Barfi | Safar Hasan Zehi | Safar Zai | Safar Zehi | Safarabad | Safarabad | Safarabad | Saftak | Sagar | Sagar Tall | Saghirabad | Sagis | Saheb Khan Barani | Sahman-e Hit | Sahran | Sahreh Bon | Sahrok | Saidabad | Saidabad | Saidabad | Saidabad | Saidabad | Saidabad | Saidabad | Saidabad | Saidabad | Saidabad | Saidabad | Saidabad-e Kudaki | Saidabad-e Shandak | Sakan | Sakhiabad | Sakhteman | Sakuk | Sakuran | Salar Barim | Saleh Khan | Saleh Khan | Saleh Mohammad Shahriyari | Salehabad | Salehabad | Samad | Samad-e Deh-e Mardeh | Samak | Sammach-e Korg | Sammach-e Mahmud | Sammach-e Miru | Samsurchah | Samsurdar | Samukan | Samukan Dap | Sanabad | Sanan | Sanat Sar | Sanchuli | Sandakzehi-ye Bala | Sandakzehi-ye Pain | Sand-e Bahram | Sand-e Hamzeh | Sand-e Mir Suiyan | Sand-e Nur Mohammad | Sandok | Sandsar | Sangan | Sangan | Sangan-e Kuknak | Sangan-e Sofla | Sangar Durak | Sangari-ye Hajji Jan Mohammad | Sangary | Sangary-ye Pain | Sangary-ye Qanat-e Gol Mohammad | Sang-e Lak | Sang-e Masjed | Sang-e Palang | Sangi Chah | Sangun | Sanjar Bazar Taradan | Sanjarabad | Sanjarani | Sanjardeh Mardeh | Saptuk | Sar Ahangi | Sar Band | Sar Cheshmeh | Sar Daj Delmorad | Sar Dasht-e Sar Jangal | Sar Deh | Sar Gar | Sar Gazak | Sar Gol | Sar Jangan | Sar Kahnu | Sar Kahuran | Sar Kalandan | Sar Kam | Sar Kand | Sar Kang | Sar Keluki | Sar Rig | Sar Rud | Sar Sureh | Sar Tall | Sar Tall | Sar Tall | Sar Tap | Sar Tap | Sar Tapi | Sar Taruna | Sarab | Saran | Sarani | Sarani | Saravan | Saravani | Saraydan | Sarbak | Sarban-e Damuyi | Sarbaz | Sardab | Sardakan | Sardan | Sardar | Sardasht | Sardasht-e Nematabad | Sardegal Integrated Farming Industry | Sar-e Katik Bi Gol | Sarferaz | Sargaruk | Sargdar Cheshmeh | Sargeh-ye Bala | Sargeh-ye Pain | Sargerani | Sargezi | Sari Gar | Sari Gat Hut Gat Bala | Sari Machan | Sariabad | Sarjub | Sarkajeh | Sarmaki | Sarmich | Sarnajdani | Sarsaru | Sartakhti-ye Shahabad | Sartala | Sartap | Saruk | Sarush | Sarvageh | Saryzeh | Sarzeh | Sarzeh | Sarzeh-ye Mirkhan | Sasuli | Sasuli | Satag | Sattani | Sayani | Sayegan | Sayyadan | Sazink-e Olya | Sediq Zehi | Sefid Naduk | Sefid Sang | Sefid Sang | Sefid Sang | Sefidabeh | Seh Boni | Seh Chahan | Seh Gun | Seh Machan | Seh Payeh-e Ziarat-e Gonbad | Seh Qaleh | Seh Qaleh | Seh Rud | Seh Saran | Sekuheh | Send-e Morad | Senjedak | Sergan | Seribazar | Sey Salman | Sey Vik | Seyah Darreh | Seyah Mari | Seyah Takan | Seydaran | Seyfabad-e Javashiri | Seyfabad-e Naruyi | Seyyed Bar | Seyyed Khan | Seyyed Khan | Seyyed Khan | Seyyed Mohammad Bazar | Seyyed Mohammad Nur Qanbar Zehi Gorgij | Seyyedabad | Seyyedabad | Seyyedabad | Seyyedabad | Seyyedabad | Seyyedi Bazar | Shadi Gur | Shadi Kallak | Shadkam Dap | Shaghalak | Shah Beyk-e Molla Shahi | Shah Kafer | Shah Kahur | Shah Karam-e Pain | Shah Mir | Shah Mohammad Qasemi | Shah Nazerabad | Shahak Bazar | Shahbik Zehi | Shahdad Bazar | Shahdadabad | Shahdad-e Kahir | Shahdad-e Shiru | Shahi Chat | Shahid Beheshti Agro-Industiral Complex | Shahid Chamran | Shahid Deh Mardeh | Shahid Modarres | Shahid Qalanbar | Shahid Rasuli | Shahid Rejai | Shahid Shah Nazar | Shahidabad-e Saruk | Shahidan | Shahidayit-e Shandak | Shahmorad Deh | Shahr Bon | Shahr Dar-e Bala | Shahr Deraz | Shahrak Ashayiri-ye Khosrin | Shahrak Maskuni-ye Gavater | Shahrak | Shahrak | Shahrak | Shahrak | Shahrak-e Abu ol Fazl | Shahrak-e Ali Akbar | Shahrak-e Bozorg | Shahrak-e Chah-e Eshaq | Shahrak-e Eslamabad | Shahrak-e Gol Beyk | Shahrak-e Golkhani | Shahrak-e Gorg Heydarabad | Shahrak-e Hadabad | Shahrak-e Hasanabad | Shahrak-e Hoseynabad | Shahrak-e Kambuzia | Shahrak-e Keyanabad | Shahrak-e Kuchek | Shahrak-e Kuhak | Shahrak-e Musa Salari | Shahrak-e Piman | Shahrak-e Posht Giaban | Shahrak-e Qods | Shahrak-e Rig-e Malek | Shahrak-e Salari | Shahrak-e Sanchuli Residential Complex | Shahrak-e Sar Jangal | Shahrak-e Shahid Beheshti | Shahrak-e Shahid Beheshti | Shahrak-e Shahid Kallah Duz | Shahrak-e Shurchah | Shahrak-e Taqiabad | Shahraki | Shahrdan | Shahr-e Deraz | Shahr-e Deraz | Shahr-e Deraz | Shahr-e Deraz | Shahr-e Fulad | Shahr-e Gol Mohammad | Shahr-e Kamal | Shahriari | Shahriari | Shahruk | Shahryanch | Shahu Zahi | Shajahan | Shak Band | Shak Shichi | Shakband | Shakilabad | Shakshidar | Sham | Shamashk | Shameh Sar | Shameh Sar | Shamehsar | Shamel Bazar | Shamgat | Shamil | Shamsabad | Shamsabad | Shamsabad | Shan Shiri | Shanbeh Bar Gah | Shand | Shandak Qodratabad | Shandak Tavakkolabad | Shandan | Shandan | Shandel | Shandi | Shandmolla | Shandukan | Shangary | Shankar | Sharaf ol Din | Sharag | Shardar | Sharekh | Sharif Qazaq | Sharifabad | Sharifabad | Sharifabad | Sharifabad | Sharifabad | Sharifabad | Sharifabad | Sharifabad | Sharifabad | Sharifabad-e Chah Kan | Shatar Mahmud | Shavatk | Shegim-e Bala | Shegim-e Pain | Shekar Jangal | Shekarabad | Sherkat Chah | Sherkat-e Tamp | Shesh Dangi-ye Golestan | Sheyban | Sheybani | Sheykh Alam | Sheykh Ebrahim Bazar Arab Zehi | Sheykh Kalag | Sheykh Langi | Sheykhan Karag | Shib Gureh | Shib Ju | Shib Torki | Shir Ali Hashem | Shir Ali Khan | Shir Govaz | Shir Mohammad Bazar | Shir Mohammad Bazar | Shir Mohammad Gargij | Shir Mohammad-e Shir Zehi | Shirabad | Shirabad | Shirabad | Shirabad | Shirabad | Shirabad | Shirabad | Shirabad | Shirabad | Shirdel Sadak | Shiriki | Shirin Salar | Shirin Zad | Shirin | Shisheh Posht | Shitap | Shizin Patan | Shomahi | Shudik | Shugeh | Shukat Sarani | Shundeh | Shur Chah Khoda Bakhsh | Shur Matik | Shur | Shur | Shur | Shurab | Shurabad | Shurabad-e Fandaq | Shurak | Shurak | Shurak | Shuran | Shurchah Nagat | Shurcheh-ye Purgazy | Shureh Rud | Shurikan | Shuru | Shushgim | Shushment | Si Pach | Si Sarak Bon | Si Sarak Bon | Si Tall | Siadak Deh Mardeh | Siadak | Siadak | Siadan-e Sofla | Siah Bon | Siah Dak | Siah Ettefaq-e Pain | Siah Gar | Siah Gur-e Hajji | Siah Jak | Siah Jangal-e Bala | Siah Jangal-e Pain | Siah Kelak | Siah Khak | Siah Khan | Siah Khan | Siah Khan | Siah Kut | Siah Kut-e Anjireh | Siah Poshteh | Siah Sar | Siah Shir | Siah Tavakk Jama Qanbar Zehi | Siah Tir-e Pain | Siah Tuk | Siah Yinkan | Siahangari | Siahin Pakanzan | Siahti Kalat | Sib | Sihaki | Sihaki Kuteh | Simli | Sin Kan | Sina Chu | Sir Gavanani | Sirag | Sirin Kur | Sirja | Sirkan | Sirud | Sitag | Sital | Sital | Sitar | Sitar-e Abdol Rahim | Sitar-e Ali | Sitar-e Mahmud | Siyahokan | Sizaki | Sizdehaban | Soheyl | Sohr Bon | Sohr Nilag | Sohrab Sheykhi | Sohrababad | Sohrab-e Gholami | Sohrin Duk | Sohrtak | Sohrtamp | Solur Bazar | Sonni Bazar | Sorkh Degar | Sorkh Duk | Sorkh Gazi | Sorkh Gazi | Sorkh Gazi-ye Chah Gazi | Sorkh Kach | Sorkh Kalut | Sorkh Parak-e Bala | Sorkh Ruadan | Sorkhkan | Sorkhkan | Sufi Seyyedi | Suhran | Sukhteh Gaz | Sukhteh Mok | Sukhtehnag | Sul | Sul | Sulan | Suldan | Suldan | Suleki | Sulkuk | Sumar Zehi | Sumarbar | Sunat | Sur Ab | Sur Chagi | Sur Chahi | Surab Chakardak | Surab | Surak | Surakh Kuh | Suran | Surangetan | Surchah | Surgaf | Surgan | Surgu | Surkalud | Surkamp | Suru | Sutap Tabaki Tal | Tabarjad | Taflak | Taghazi | Tah Rud | Tahati | Tahrak | Tahtan | Tajabad | Tajabad | Takash | Takhman Miri | Takht | Takht-e Malek | Takhteh Pol | Takhtun | Takur | Talang | Talarban | Talban | Taleqabad-e Palaki | Talkhab | Tall | Tall-e Mishan | Tamandan | Tambeka | Tamin | Tamiz | Tana | Tanak | Tanbalan | Tang Ab-e Kahukan | Tang-e Daf | Tang-e Hanzab | Tang-e Lakur | Tang-e Nadam | Tang-e Rahin | Tang-e Sar | Tang-e Sarhad | Tang-e Tanur | Tang-e Vajeg | Tangi | Tanhak | Tapagi Ap | Tappeh Daz | Tappeh Kaniz | Tappeh-ye Lal Mohammad | Taradak | Taradan | Tarampuk | Taran | Tarati | Tareh-ye Darkhatkari Chesh | Tarin-e Berin | Tarquyi | Tarradeh | Tashkuk | Tasht-e Maksan | Tasian | Tavakkol | Tavakkol | Tavakkolabad | Tavakkolabad | Tavakkolabad | Tavakkolabad | Tavakkolabad | Tavakkolabad-e Hurshi | Tavakkolabad-e Minuyi | Tavaran | Tavus | Tehrud | Tejkoft | Telaran | Telehdan-e Gamdad Bazar | Teranjan | Terati | Terati | Terati-ye Sang | Teymurabad | Teymurabad-e Sheykhi | Tiab | Tigh Ab | Tighab | Tighi | Tijnan-e Bala | Tijnan-e Pain | Tilag | Tilar | Tilvai | Ting | Tirabad | Tirabad | Tireh-ye Kheyrabad | Tis | Tiskupan | Tisorun-e Tisoruk | Titaran Dan | Tohman-e Ladi | Tolombeh-ye Aqa Khan | Tom Tahlak | Tom Tilak | Tombi Dap | Tomp-e Rigan | Torkani | Torond | Torshab | Towd Lang | Towhidabad | Towhidabad | Towhidabad | Towlak Rud | Tud | Tudak-e Taqiabad | Tudan | Tudi | Tujak | Tujak-e Jadid | Tujan | Tuji | Tujkan | Tuk | Tuk Dan | Tuk Mobarak | Tukali-ye Bala | Tukali-ye Pain | Tukar | Tukli Jangan | Tuleh Dar | Tuli Ab | Tulkan | Turdan | Tutan | Tuti | Tutoran Dap | Tuzaki Ugink | Ushab Vaddu | Vadgar | Vafa | Vahadabad | Vahzary | Vakilabad | Vali Khormayi | Vali Mohammad Bazar | Vali Mohammad Kam Rah Sheh Bakhsh | Vali Mohammadabad | Valiabad | Valiabad | Valiabad | Valiabad | Vapag | Varedan | Varkat | Varmal | Vaselan | Vash Ab | Vash Ab Bidi | Vashapi | Vashdar | Vashin Chat | Vashkan Chan | Vashna | Vashnam-e Dari | Vashnam-e Dust Mohammad | Vashnam-e Eshaq | Vashnam-e Faqir Mohammad | Vashnam-e Hajji Ramazan | Vashnam-e Heydar Saleh Zahi | Vashnam-e Kheyr Mohammad | Vashnam-e Mirgol | Vashnam-e Morid | Vashnam-e Shahdad | Vasirin | Vatkuh | Vaveyla-ye Bala | Vellan Yadu Bazar | Yaqub Bazar | Yaqub Zehi | Yar Mohammad Bazar | Yar Mohammad-e Alam | Yar Mohammad-e Kharut | Yek Muki | Yunesabad | Yusef Hasan | Yusef Zehi | Yusefabad | Yusefabad | Yusefabad | Yusefabad | Yusefabad | Yusefabad | Yusefabad | Yusefabad | Yusefabad-e Shuru | Yusefabad-e Tudak | Yusef-e Eslam | Yusof Zehi Zabol | Zabol Airport | Zaboli | Zabrabad | Zafarabad | Zaghak | Zahedan | Zahedan Flour Mills Complex | Zahedan Kohneh | Zahedan Terminal | Zaherabad | Zahrab | Zahrabad | Zal Shahr | Zamanabad | Zamin Band | Zamin Bandan | Zamin Gholam Ali | Zamin Sukadin | Zaminan | Zaminkan | Zanduni Anary | Zangian | Zangik | Zarabad | Zarabad | Zaragi | Zaran Mandi | Zarbar | Zarchak | Zard | Zardabad | Zardan | Zardari | Zardban | Zardian | Zardin Gar | Zardin Gar | Zardin Kahir | Zarkhoshk | Zatan Vari | Zavar | Zayik | Zebri Bug | Zebring | Zehak | Zehak | Zeh-e Ruzehi | Zehlenfan | Zeraqap | Zeyi | Zeyi | Zeynalabad | Zhalehi | Ziai | Ziar | Ziarat Chah | Ziarat Jah | Ziarat Konar | Ziarat | Ziarat | Ziarat | Ziarat | Ziarat | Ziarat | Ziarat | Ziarat | Ziarat-e Jangal | Ziaratgah | Ziaratgah | Zibadak | Zimadan | Zindan | Zir Bandar | Zir Daj | Zirakabad | Zirdan | Zirdan | Zirkeyk | Zirogdan | Ziruki-ye Gowhar Kuh | Ziyan | Ziyarat-e Miromar | Zoberan Dan | Zohanru | Zohian | Zohrekan | Zonnar | Zorrati | Zu ol Faqari | Zurabad | Zurabad | Zurabad-e Salari", "Insect __knowledge__ Insects or Insecta (from Latin ', a calque of Greek ['], \"cut into sections\") are by far the largest group of hexapod invertebrates within the arthropod phylum.", "Insect __knowledge__ Definitions and circumscriptions vary; in one approach insects comprise a class within the Phylum Arthropoda.", "Insect __knowledge__ As the term is used here, it is synonymous with Ectognatha.", "Insect __knowledge__ Insects have a chitinous exoskeleton, a three-part body (head, thorax and abdomen), three pairs of jointed legs, compound eyes and one pair of antennae.", "Insect __knowledge__ They are the most diverse group of animals on the planet, including more than a million described species and representing more than half of all known living organisms.", "Turritopsis dohrnii __knowledge__ Turritopsis dohrnii, the immortal jellyfish, is a species of small, biologically immortal jellyfish found in the Mediterranean Sea and in the waters of Japan.", "Turritopsis dohrnii __knowledge__ It is one of the few known cases of animals capable of reverting completely to a sexually immature, colonial stage after having reached sexual maturity as a solitary individual.", "Turritopsis dohrnii __knowledge__ Others include the jellyfish \"Laodicea undulata\" and \"Aurelia\" sp.1.", "Turritopsis dohrnii __knowledge__ Like most other hydrozoans, \"T. dohrnii\" begin their life as free-swimming tiny larvae known as planula.", "Turritopsis dohrnii __knowledge__ As a planula settles down, it gives rise to a colony of polyps that are attached to the sea-floor.", "Beetle __knowledge__ Beetles are a group of insects that form the order Coleoptera, in the superorder Endopterygota.", "Beetle __knowledge__ Their front pair of wings is hardened into wing-cases, elytra, distinguishing them from most other insects.", "Beetle __knowledge__ The Coleoptera, with about 400,000 species, is the largest of all orders, constituting almost 40% of described insects and 25% of all known animal life-forms; new species are discovered frequently.", "Beetle __knowledge__ The largest of all families, the Curculionidae (weevils) with some 70,000 member species, belongs to this order.", "Beetle __knowledge__ They are found in almost every habitat except the sea and the polar regions.", "Beetle __knowledge__ They interact with their ecosystems in several ways: beetles often feed on plants and fungi, break down animal and plant debris, and eat other invertebrates." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Immortality __knowledge__ Immortality is eternal life, being exempt from death, unending existence.", "Immortality __knowledge__ Some modern species may possess biological immortality.", "Immortality __knowledge__ Certain scientists, futurists, and philosophers have theorized about the immortality of the human body, with some suggesting that human immortality may be achievable in the first few decades of the 21st century.", "Immortality __knowledge__ Other advocates believe that life extension is a more achievable goal in the short term, with immortality awaiting further research breakthroughs.", "Immortality __knowledge__ The absence of aging would provide humans with biological immortality, but not invulnerability to death by disease or physical trauma; although mind uploading could solve that issue if it proved possible.", "Immortality __knowledge__ Whether the process of internal endoimmortality is delivered within the upcoming years depends chiefly on research (and in neuron research in the case of endoimmortality through an immortalized cell line) in the former view and perhaps is an awaited goal in the latter case.", "Immortality __knowledge__ In religious contexts, immortality is often stated to be one of the promises of God (or other deities) to human beings who show goodness or else follow divine law.", "Immortality __knowledge__ What form an unending human life would take, or whether an immaterial soul exists and possesses immortality, has been a major point of focus of religion, as well as the subject of speculation, fantasy, and debate.", "Not proven __knowledge__ Not proven is a verdict available to a court in Scotland.", "Not proven __knowledge__ Under Scots law, a criminal trial may end in one of three verdicts: one of conviction (\"guilty\") and two of acquittal (\"not proven\" and \"not guilty\").", "Not proven __knowledge__ Historically, the two verdicts available to Scots juries were that the case had been \"proven\" or \"not proven\".", "Not proven __knowledge__ However, in a case in 1728 the jury asserted \"its ancient right\", meaning that it decided not to apply the law, despite evidence, as they believed that the death was an accident and not murder.", "Not proven __knowledge__ The jury decided to bring in a \"not guilty\" verdict even when the facts of the case were proven.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "Oil reserves __knowledge__ Oil reserves denote the amount of crude oil that can be technically recovered at a cost that is financially feasible at the present price of oil.", "Oil reserves __knowledge__ Hence reserves will change with the price, unlike oil resources, which include all oil that can be technically recovered at any price.", "Oil reserves __knowledge__ Reserves may be for a well, for a reservoir, for a field, for a nation, or for the world.", "Oil reserves __knowledge__ Different classifications of reserves are related to their degree of certainty.", "Oil reserves __knowledge__ The total estimated amount of oil in an oil reservoir, including both producible and non-producible oil, is called \"oil in place\".", "Oil reserves __knowledge__ However, because of reservoir characteristics and limitations in petroleum extraction technologies, only a fraction of this oil can be brought to the surface, and it is only this producible fraction that is considered to be \"reserves\".", "Proven (company) __knowledge__ Proven is a hiring tool and job board for small businesses.", "Proven (company) __knowledge__ Proven's software allows managers to post their jobs with one click to over 100 job sites including Simply Hired, Craigslist, Indeed, and Proven.", "Proven (company) __knowledge__ Proven also offers tools that allow users to sort, evaluate, message and onboard applicants.", "Proven (company) __knowledge__ Job seekers can apply directly to jobs on the Proven mobile apps, through the Proven website or through any of Proven's job board partners.", "Proven (company) __knowledge__ Proven is currently based in Austin, Texas and is used by over 1,000 small businesses throughout the United States.", "Proven (company) __knowledge__ Proven was co-founded by Pablo Fuentes, Sean Falconer, and Joe Mellin in 2009.", "Peak oil __knowledge__ The term Peak oil is part of geologist M. King Hubbert's theory, published in 1956.", "Peak oil __knowledge__ In this theory, \"peak oil\" is the point in time when the maximum rate of extraction of petroleum is reached, after which it is expected to enter terminal decline.", "Peak oil __knowledge__ Peak oil theory is based on the observed rise, peak, fall, and depletion of aggregate production rate in oil fields over time.", "Peak oil __knowledge__ It is often confused with oil depletion; however, peak oil is the point of maximum production, while depletion refers to a period of falling reserves and supply.", "Peak oil __knowledge__ Some observers, such as petroleum industry experts Kenneth S. Deffeyes and Matthew Simmons, predicted there would be negative global economy effects after a post-peak production decline and subsequent oil price increase because of the continued dependence of most modern industrial transport, agricultural, and industrial systems on the low cost and high availability of oil.", "Petroleum industry in Iraq __knowledge__ Iraq was the world’s 12th largest oil producer in 2009, and has the world’s fifth largest proven petroleum reserves after Venezuela, Saudi Arabia, Canada, and Iran.", "Petroleum industry in Iraq __knowledge__ Just a fraction of Iraq’s known fields are in development, and Iraq may be one of the few places left where vast reserves, proven and unknown, have barely been exploited.", "Petroleum industry in Iraq __knowledge__ Iraq’s energy sector is heavily based upon oil, with approximately 94 percent of its energy needs met with petroleum.", "Petroleum industry in Iraq __knowledge__ In addition, crude oil export revenues accounted for over two-thirds of GDP in 2009.", "Petroleum industry in Iraq __knowledge__ Iraq’s oil sector has suffered over the past several decades from sanctions and wars, and its oil infrastructure is in need of modernization and investment.", "Shale gas by country __knowledge__ Shale gas is natural gas produced from shale, a type of sedimentary rock.", "Shale gas by country __knowledge__ Shale gas has become an increasingly important source of natural gas in the United States over the past decade, and interest has spread to potential gas shales in Canada, Europe, Asia, and Australia.", "Shale gas by country __knowledge__ One analyst expects shale gas to supply as much as half the natural gas production in North America by 2020.", "Shale gas by country __knowledge__ In a 2013 report, the US Energy Information Administration estimated the quantity of technically recoverable shale gas for 41 countries.", "Shale gas by country __knowledge__ North America leads the worldwide production of shale gas, with the US and Canada having significant levels.", "Transhumanism __knowledge__ Transhumanism (abbreviated as H+ or h+) is an international intellectual movement that aims to transform the human condition by developing and making widely available sophisticated technologies to greatly enhance human intellect and physiology.", "Transhumanism __knowledge__ Transhumanist thinkers study the potential benefits and dangers of emerging technologies that could overcome fundamental human limitations as well as ethical limitations of using such technologies.", "Transhumanism __knowledge__ The most common transhumanist thesis is that human beings may eventually be able to transform themselves into different beings with abilities so greatly expanded from the current condition as to merit the label of posthuman beings.", "Catholic theology of the body __knowledge__ The theology of the body is a broad term for Catholic teachings on the human body.", "Catholic theology of the body __knowledge__ The dogma of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary, defined in Pope Pius XII's 1950 apostolic constitution \"Munificentissimus Deus\", is one of the most recent developments in the Catholic theology of the body.", "Catholic theology of the body __knowledge__ The theology of the body has a long history and tradition within the Catholic Church.", "Catholic theology of the body __knowledge__ Early Church fathers wrote on the role of the body and its relation to the soul, often elevating soul over body.", "Catholic theology of the body __knowledge__ But like the soul, it is also created by God in his image.", "Catholic theology of the body __knowledge__ This is considered important even today, as the existence of a soul is the basis for much Church teachings on the human body, in areas such as abortion.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Christian theology is the theology of Christian belief and practice.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Such study concentrates primarily upon the texts of the Old Testament and of the New Testament, as well as on Christian tradition.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Christian theologians use biblical exegesis, rational analysis and argument.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Theologians may undertake Christian theology in order: or for a variety of other reasons.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Systematic theology as a discipline of Christian theology formulates an orderly, rational and coherent account of Christian faith and beliefs.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Systematic theology draws on the foundational sacred texts of Christianity, while simultaneously investigating the development of Christian doctrine over the course of history, particularly through philosophical evolution.", "Chinese folk religion __knowledge__ Chinese folk religion (Chinese popular religion) or Han folk religion is the religious tradition of the Han people, including veneration of forces of nature and ancestors, exorcism of harmful forces, and a belief in the rational order of nature which can be influenced by human beings and their rulers as well as spirits and gods.", "Chinese folk religion __knowledge__ Worship is devoted to a multiplicity of gods and immortals (神 \"shén\"), who can be deities of phenomena, of human behaviour, or progenitors of lineages.", "Chinese folk religion __knowledge__ Stories regarding some of these gods are collected into the body of Chinese mythology.", "Chinese folk religion __knowledge__ By the eleventh century (Song period) these practices had been blended with Buddhist ideas of karma (one's own doing) and rebirth, and Taoist teachings about hierarchies of gods, to form the popular religious system which has lasted in many ways until the present day.", "Burial __knowledge__ Burial or interment is the ritual act of placing a dead person or animal, sometimes with objects, into the ground.", "Burial __knowledge__ This is accomplished by excavating a pit or trench, placing the deceased and objects in it, and covering it over.", "Burial __knowledge__ Humans have been burying their dead for at least 100,000 years.", "Burial __knowledge__ Burial is often seen as indicating respect for the dead.", "Burial __knowledge__ It has been used to prevent the odor of decay, to give family members closure and prevent them from witnessing the decomposition of their loved ones, and in many cultures it has been seen as a necessary step for the deceased to enter the afterlife or to give back to the cycle of life.", "Chinese alchemical elixir poisoning __knowledge__ In Chinese alchemy, elixir poisoning refers to the toxic effects from elixirs of immortality that contained metals and minerals such as mercury and arsenic.", "Chinese alchemical elixir poisoning __knowledge__ The official \"Twenty-Four Histories\" record numerous Chinese emperors, nobles, and officials who ironically died from taking elixirs in order to prolong their lifespans.", "Chinese alchemical elixir poisoning __knowledge__ The first emperor to die from elixir poisoning was likely Qin Shi Huang (d. 210 BCE) and the last was Yongzheng (d. 1735).", "Chinese alchemical elixir poisoning __knowledge__ Despite common knowledge that immortality potions could be deadly, fangshi and Daoist alchemists continued the elixir-making practice for two millennia." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Immortality __knowledge__ Immortality is eternal life, being exempt from death, unending existence.", "Immortality __knowledge__ Some modern species may possess biological immortality.", "Immortality __knowledge__ Certain scientists, futurists, and philosophers have theorized about the immortality of the human body, with some suggesting that human immortality may be achievable in the first few decades of the 21st century.", "Immortality __knowledge__ Other advocates believe that life extension is a more achievable goal in the short term, with immortality awaiting further research breakthroughs.", "Immortality __knowledge__ The absence of aging would provide humans with biological immortality, but not invulnerability to death by disease or physical trauma; although mind uploading could solve that issue if it proved possible.", "Immortality __knowledge__ Whether the process of internal endoimmortality is delivered within the upcoming years depends chiefly on research (and in neuron research in the case of endoimmortality through an immortalized cell line) in the former view and perhaps is an awaited goal in the latter case.", "Immortality __knowledge__ In religious contexts, immortality is often stated to be one of the promises of God (or other deities) to human beings who show goodness or else follow divine law.", "Immortality __knowledge__ What form an unending human life would take, or whether an immaterial soul exists and possesses immortality, has been a major point of focus of religion, as well as the subject of speculation, fantasy, and debate.", "Bettina Allentoft __knowledge__ Bettina Allentoft (born 16 November 1973) is a Danish footballer who played as a defender for the Denmark women's national football team.", "Bettina Allentoft __knowledge__ She was part of the team at the 1995 FIFA Women's World Cup.", "Yaadgaar (1984 film) __knowledge__ Yaadgar is a 1984 Hindi-language Indian feature film directed by Dasari Narayana Rao, starring Kamal Haasan, Poonam Dhillon and Sanjeev Kumar.", "Yaadgaar (1984 film) __knowledge__ Kamal Haasan is a huge liar he use to lie everyone in his village for money.", "Yaadgaar (1984 film) __knowledge__ One day a fire erupted in a function in a village his father was badly injured he tried to convince doctor and other villagers to come and help him save his father but due to his lying habit no one believed him eventually his father died due to no medical care.", "Yaadgaar (1984 film) __knowledge__ Next day he end up at his daughter's home who was married his in laws let him stay in house in return of helping in home chores but he ends up as full-time maid he use to get rotten food to eat .One day when his in law had an accident he held him responsible for being very unlucky for him and the whole family.", "History of geometry __knowledge__ Geometry (from the ; \"geo-\" \"earth\", \"-metron\" \"measurement\") arose as the field of knowledge dealing with spatial relationships.", "History of geometry __knowledge__ Geometry was one of the two fields of pre-modern mathematics, the other being the study of numbers (arithmetic).", "History of geometry __knowledge__ Classic geometry was focused in compass and straightedge constructions.", "History of geometry __knowledge__ Geometry was revolutionized by Euclid, who introduced mathematical rigor and the axiomatic method still in use today.", "History of geometry __knowledge__ His book, \"The Elements\" is widely considered the most influential textbook of all time, and was known to all educated people in the West until the middle of the 20th century.", "Mo Ghile Mear __knowledge__ \"Mo Ghile Mear\" (\"My Gallant Darling\") is an Irish song, written in the Irish language by Seán Clárach Mac Domhnaill in the 18th century.", "Mo Ghile Mear __knowledge__ Composed in the convention of Aisling poetry, it is a lament by the Gaelic goddess Éire for Bonnie Prince Charlie, who was then in exile.", "Mo Ghile Mear __knowledge__ The song differs from more conventional Aisling poems.", "Mo Ghile Mear __knowledge__ Whereas Aisling poetry normally has the poet asleep or otherwise minding his own business when he experiences a dream or vision of a fair maid, in this poem the poet personifies Éire/Ireland, the country itself, as a woman who once was a fair maiden but is now a widow.", "Mo Ghile Mear __knowledge__ Her husband, the \"Gallant Boy\", is not dead but far away.", "Serbian comics __knowledge__ Serbian comics are comics produced in Serbia.", "Serbian comics __knowledge__ Comics are called \"stripovi\" in Serbian (singular \"strip\") and come in all shapes and sizes, merging influences from American comics to bandes dessinées.", "Serbian comics __knowledge__ Comics started developing in Serbia in the late 19th century, mostly in humor and children’s magazines.", "Serbian comics __knowledge__ From the 1920s to the end of the 1980s, Serbian comics were part of the larger Yugoslav comics scene; a large number of titles was published from 1932 to 1991, mainly in Serbo-Croatian language.", "Serbian comics __knowledge__ After the breakup of Yugoslavia and the crisis in the 1990s, Serbian comics have experienced a revival.", "Harry Lachman __knowledge__ Harry B. Lachman (June 29, 1886 – March 19, 1975) was an American artist, set designer, and film director.", "Harry Lachman __knowledge__ He was born in La Salle, Illinois on June 29, 1886.", "Harry Lachman __knowledge__ Lachman was educated at the University of Michigan before becoming a magazine and book illustrator, contributing 4 colour illustrations to the 1907 work \"John Smith, Gentleman Adventurer\" by Charles Harcourt Ainslie Forbes-Lindsay.", "Harry Lachman __knowledge__ In 1911, he emigrated to Paris where he earned a substantial reputation as a post impressionist painter and was awarded the Légion d'Honneur by the French government.", "Harry Lachman __knowledge__ Lachman's interest in motion pictures stemmed from his position as a set designer in Nice, leading to work on \"Mare Nostrum\" in 1925.", "It's a Living (1980 TV series) __knowledge__ It's a Living (also known as Making a Living) is an American sitcom set in a restaurant at the top of the Bonaventure Hotel in Los Angeles.", "It's a Living (1980 TV series) __knowledge__ The show aired on ABC from October 30, 1980 until June 11, 1982.", "It's a Living (1980 TV series) __knowledge__ After the series was canceled by ABC, new episodes aired in first-run syndication from September 28, 1985 to April 8, 1989.", "It's a Living (1980 TV series) __knowledge__ The series was created by Stu Silver, Dick Clair and Jenna McMahon and produced by Witt/Thomas Productions, later in association with Golden West Television (1985–86) and Lorimar-Telepictures (1986–89).", "It's a Living (1980 TV series) __knowledge__ The show follows the lives of the waitresses at the posh restaurant Above the Top, located at the top of the Bonaventure Hotel in Los Angeles, California.", "Life extension __knowledge__ Life extension science, also known as anti-aging medicine, indefinite life extension, experimental gerontology, and biomedical gerontology, is the study of slowing down or reversing the processes of aging to extend both the maximum and average lifespan.", "Life extension __knowledge__ The ability to achieve this, however, does not currently exist.", "Life extension __knowledge__ Some researchers in this area, and \"life extensionists\", \"immortalists\" or \"longevists\" (those who wish to achieve longer lives themselves), believe that future breakthroughs in tissue rejuvenation, stem cells, regenerative medicine, molecular repair, gene therapy, pharmaceuticals, and organ replacement (such as with artificial organs or xenotransplantations) will eventually enable humans to have indefinite lifespans (agerasia) through complete rejuvenation to a healthy youthful condition.", "Immortality in fiction __knowledge__ Immortality is a popular subject in fiction, as it explores humanity's deep-seated fears and comprehension of its own mortality.", "Immortality in fiction __knowledge__ Immortal beings and species abound in fiction, especially fantasy fiction, and the meaning of \"immortal\" tends to vary.", "Immortality in fiction __knowledge__ Some fictional beings are completely immortal (or very nearly so) in that they are immune to death by injury, disease and age.", "Immortality in fiction __knowledge__ Sometimes such powerful immortals can only be killed by each other, as is the case with the Q from the \"Star Trek\" series.", "Immortality in fiction __knowledge__ Even if something can't be killed, a common plot device involves putting an immortal being into a slumber or limbo, as is done with Morgoth in J. R. R. Tolkien's \"The Silmarillion\" and the Dreaming God of \"Pathways Into Darkness\".", "American Academy of Anti-Aging Medicine __knowledge__ The American Academy of Anti-Aging Medicine (A4M) is a United States registered 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization that promotes the field of anti-aging medicine and trains and certifies physicians in this specialty.", "American Academy of Anti-Aging Medicine __knowledge__ As of 2011, approximately 26,000 practitioners had been given certificates.", "American Academy of Anti-Aging Medicine __knowledge__ The field of anti-aging medicine is not recognized by established medical organizations, such as the American Board of Medical Specialties (ABMS) and the American Medical Association (AMA).", "American Academy of Anti-Aging Medicine __knowledge__ In addition to certifying practitioners, the Academy's activities include lobbying, education of the public, and public relations.", "Biological immortality __knowledge__ Biological immortality (sometimes referred to \"bio-indefinite\" mortality) is a state in which the rate of mortality from senescence is stable or decreasing, thus decoupling it from chronological age.", "Biological immortality __knowledge__ Various unicellular and multicellular species, including some vertebrates, achieve this state either throughout their existence or after living long enough.", "Biological immortality __knowledge__ A biologically immortal living being can still die from means other than senescence, such as through injury or disease.", "Biological immortality __knowledge__ This definition of immortality has been challenged in the \"Handbook of the Biology of Aging\", because the increase in rate of mortality as a function of chronological age may be negligible at extremely old ages, an idea referred to as the late-life mortality plateau.", "Ode: Intimations of Immortality __knowledge__ Ode: Intimations of Immortality from Recollections of Early Childhood (also known as \"Ode\", \"Immortality Ode\" or \"Great Ode\") is a poem by William Wordsworth, completed in 1804 and published in \"Poems, in Two Volumes\" (1807).", "Ode: Intimations of Immortality __knowledge__ The poem was completed in two parts, with the first four stanzas written among a series of poems composed in 1802 about childhood.", "Ode: Intimations of Immortality __knowledge__ The first part of the poem was completed on 27 March 1802 and a copy was provided to Wordsworth's friend and fellow poet, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, who responded with his own poem, \"\", in April.", "Ode: Intimations of Immortality __knowledge__ The fourth stanza of the ode ends with a question, and Wordsworth was finally able to answer it with 7 additional stanzas completed in early 1804.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Christian theology is the theology of Christian belief and practice.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Such study concentrates primarily upon the texts of the Old Testament and of the New Testament, as well as on Christian tradition.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Christian theologians use biblical exegesis, rational analysis and argument.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Theologians may undertake Christian theology in order: or for a variety of other reasons.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Systematic theology as a discipline of Christian theology formulates an orderly, rational and coherent account of Christian faith and beliefs.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Systematic theology draws on the foundational sacred texts of Christianity, while simultaneously investigating the development of Christian doctrine over the course of history, particularly through philosophical evolution." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 ]

[ "Eternal life or immortality is being exempt from death", "A few of the modern species may posess biological immortality", "Scientist suggest immortality of the human body may be possible by first few decades of 21st century", "Not proven yet but for humans the absence of aging will be required for immortality", "In religion immortality means a different thing its a gift from god" ]

[ "Immortality", "Immortality", "Immortality", "Immortality", "Immortality" ]

[ "Nightclub\nI need to get my life straight because I waste too much time going to nightclubs ", "Yea sometimes they have live performances on those days. I love drinking away the night. ", "I agree, variety is important. Sometimes I like jazz, other times I go with DnB", "I find EDM too loud and obnoxious. So usually I go to clubs that play softer music.", "Thanks for understanding, most people think I am too boring for not enjoying EDM." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Nightclub __knowledge__ A nightclub (or club) is an entertainment venue and bar that usually operates late into the night.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ A nightclub is generally distinguished from regular bars, pubs or taverns by the inclusion of a stage for live music, one or more dance floor areas and a DJ booth, where a DJ plays recorded music.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ The upmarket nature of nightclubs can be seen in the inclusion of VIP areas in some nightclubs, for celebrities and their guests.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ Nightclubs are much more likely than pubs or sports bars to use bouncers to screen prospective clubgoers for entry.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ Some nightclub bouncers do not admit people with ripped jeans or other informal clothing or gang apparel as part of a dress code.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ The busiest nights for a nightclub are Friday and Saturday night.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ Most clubs or club nights cater to certain music genres, such as house music or hip hop.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ A nightclub may also be called a discothèque or disco (these terms were generally used for 1970s and early 1980s-era venues), dance club, dance bar or live music club.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ From about 1900 to 1920, working class Americans would gather at honky tonks or juke joints to dance to music played on a piano or a jukebox.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ Webster Hall is credited as the first modern nightclub, being built in 1886 and starting off as a \"social hall\", originally functioning as a home for dance and political activism events.", "Guiding Light (1960–69) __knowledge__ The Guiding Light (GL) (known since 1975 as Guiding Light) was a long-running American television soap opera.", "Guiding Light (1960–69) __knowledge__ Agnes Nixon wanted to see social issues worked into the plot, and set the tone for much of the material used during the 1960s.", "Guiding Light (1960–69) __knowledge__ One story, which involved Bert's battle with uterine cancer gave many female viewers the incentive to see their gynecologists.", "Guiding Light (1960–69) __knowledge__ In 1965, Nixon left the show to become the headwriter of NBC's Another World, at the behest of her mentor, Irna Phillips, who created both GL and AW.\"", "Guiding Light (1960–69) __knowledge__ On March 13, 1967, the show was first broadcast in color.", "Guiding Light (1960–69) __knowledge__ On September 9, 1968, the show expanded from 15 to 30 minutes as did CBS' then other 15 minute daytime drama, \"Search for Tomorrow\".", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "Environmental racism in Europe __knowledge__ Environmental racism in Europe has been documented in relation to racialized immigrant and migrant populations alongside Romani (Roma/Gypsy), Yenish, Irish Traveller, and communities (such as the Sami, Komi, and Nenets) from within continental borders.", "Environmental racism in Europe __knowledge__ Environmental racism is the practice of environmental injustice within a racialized context, in which socially marginalized communities and minority groups are subjected to disproportionate exposure of environmental hazards, denial of access to sources of ecological sustenance such as clean air, water, and natural resources, or infringement of environmentally related human rights.", "Mod (subculture) __knowledge__ Mod is a subculture that began in London in 1958 and spread throughout Great Britain and elsewhere, eventually influencing fashions and trends in other countries, and continues today on a smaller scale.", "Mod (subculture) __knowledge__ Focused on music and fashion, the subculture has its roots in a small group of stylish London-based young men in the late 1950s who were termed \"modernists\" because they listened to modern jazz.", "Mod (subculture) __knowledge__ Significant elements of the mod subculture include fashion (often tailor-made suits); music (including soul, ska, and R&B); and motor scooters (usually Lambretta or Vespa).", "Mod (subculture) __knowledge__ The original mod scene was associated with amphetamine-fuelled all-night dancing at clubs.", "Disco __knowledge__ Disco is a musical style originating in the early 1970s.", "Disco __knowledge__ It began to emerge from America's urban nightlife scene, where it had been curtailed to house parties and makeshift discotheques from the middle of the decade onwards, after which, it began making regular mainstream appearances, gaining popularity and increasing airplay on radio.", "Disco __knowledge__ Its popularity was achieved sometime during the mid-1970s to the early 1980s.", "Disco __knowledge__ Its initial audiences in the U.S. were club-goers, both male and female, from the African American, Italian American, Latino, and psychedelic communities in Philadelphia, Chicago, San Francisco, and New York City during the late 1960s and early 1970s.", "Charles George Gordon __knowledge__ Major-General Charles George Gordon CB (28 January 1833 – 26 January 1885), also known as Chinese Gordon, Gordon Pasha, and Gordon of Khartoum, was a British Army officer and administrator.", "Charles George Gordon __knowledge__ He saw action in the Crimean War as an officer in the British Army.", "Charles George Gordon __knowledge__ However, he made his military reputation in China, where he was placed in command of the \"Ever Victorious Army,\" a force of Chinese soldiers led by European officers.", "Charles George Gordon __knowledge__ In the early 1860s, Gordon and his men were instrumental in putting down the Taiping Rebellion, regularly defeating much larger forces.", "Charles George Gordon __knowledge__ For these accomplishments, he was given the nickname \"Chinese Gordon\" and honours from both the Emperor of China and the British.", "The Fabulous Five (book series) __knowledge__ The Fabulous Five is an American book series by Betsy Haynes in the late 1980s.", "The Fabulous Five (book series) __knowledge__ Written mainly for preteen girls, it is a spin-off of Haynes' other series about Taffy Sinclair.", "The Fabulous Five (book series) __knowledge__ It centers on five best friends; Jana Morgan, Melanie Edwards, Beth Barry, Christie Winchell,and Katie Shannon, along with their other classmates at Wakeman Junior High (fondly nicknamed 'Wacko Jr. High' by the students).", "The Fabulous Five (book series) __knowledge__ It is published by Bantam/Skylark books and enjoyed moderate success.", "The Fabulous Five (book series) __knowledge__ In the \"Taffy Sinclair\" series, the five girls, then in sixth grade, started the 'Against Taffy Sinclair Club', which served as a forum for venting about the appearance, antics, and general attitude of Taffy Sinclair, the snobbiest and most popular girl in school." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Nightclub __knowledge__ A nightclub (or club) is an entertainment venue and bar that usually operates late into the night.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ A nightclub is generally distinguished from regular bars, pubs or taverns by the inclusion of a stage for live music, one or more dance floor areas and a DJ booth, where a DJ plays recorded music.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ The upmarket nature of nightclubs can be seen in the inclusion of VIP areas in some nightclubs, for celebrities and their guests.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ Nightclubs are much more likely than pubs or sports bars to use bouncers to screen prospective clubgoers for entry.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ Some nightclub bouncers do not admit people with ripped jeans or other informal clothing or gang apparel as part of a dress code.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ The busiest nights for a nightclub are Friday and Saturday night.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ Most clubs or club nights cater to certain music genres, such as house music or hip hop.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ A nightclub may also be called a discothèque or disco (these terms were generally used for 1970s and early 1980s-era venues), dance club, dance bar or live music club.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ From about 1900 to 1920, working class Americans would gather at honky tonks or juke joints to dance to music played on a piano or a jukebox.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ Webster Hall is credited as the first modern nightclub, being built in 1886 and starting off as a \"social hall\", originally functioning as a home for dance and political activism events.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Yea ( ) is a town in Victoria, Australia north-east of Melbourne at the junction of the Goulburn Valley Highway and the Melba Highway, in the Shire of Murrindindi local government area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ In an area originally inhabited by the Taungurong people, it was first visited by Europeans of the Hume and Hovell expedition in 1824, and within 15 years most of the land in the area had been taken up by graziers.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Surveyed in 1855, the township grew as a service centre for grazing, gold-mining and timber-getting in the area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ The town has had a fairly stable population (around 1,100) since 1900, though it now has a relatively old population.", "Van Morrison __knowledge__ Sir George Ivan \"Van\" Morrison, OBE (born 31 August 1945) is a Northern Irish singer-songwriter, instrumentalist and producer.", "Van Morrison __knowledge__ In 2016, he was knighted for his musical achievements and his services to tourism and charitable causes in Northern Ireland.", "Van Morrison __knowledge__ Known as \"Van the Man\", Morrison started his professional career when, as a teenager in the late 1950s, he played a variety of instruments including guitar, harmonica, keyboards and saxophone for various Irish showbands, covering the popular hits of that time.", "Van Morrison __knowledge__ He rose to prominence in the mid-1960s as the lead singer of the Northern Irish R&B band Them, with whom he recorded the garage band classic \"Gloria\".", "List of EastEnders characters (2011) __knowledge__ The following are characters who first appeared, or returned, in the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\" during 2011 listed by order of first appearance.", "List of EastEnders characters (2011) __knowledge__ New characters were introduced by Bryan Kirkwood, executive producer.", "List of EastEnders characters (2011) __knowledge__ The first main character to be announced was Eddie Moon, the father of Michael Moon.", "List of EastEnders characters (2011) __knowledge__ Poppy Meadow was introduced in January 2011 as the best friend of Jodie Gold, and Rob Grayson joined the series in February, as did Shenice Quinn.", "List of EastEnders characters (2011) __knowledge__ Ashley Chubb was introduced in March as the father of established character Fatboy.", "List of EastEnders characters (2011) __knowledge__ In April, Janine Butcher's grandmother, Lydia Simmonds, and Tanya Branning and Rainie Cross's mother, Cora Cross, both joined the series and Martin was introduced as the new love interest for Jane Beale.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ Bob Dylan (; born Robert Allen Zimmerman, May 24, 1941) is an American singer-songwriter, author, and painter, who has been an influential figure in popular music and culture for more than five decades.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ Much of his most celebrated work dates from the 1960s, when he became a reluctant \"voice of a generation\" with songs such as \"Blowin' in the Wind\" and \"The Times They Are a-Changin'\" that became anthems for the Civil Rights Movement and anti-war movement.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ In 1965, he controversially abandoned his early fan-base in the American folk music revival, recording a six-minute single, \"Like a Rolling Stone\", which enlarged the scope of popular music.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ 1776 is a musical with music and lyrics by Sherman Edwards and a book by Peter Stone.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ The story is based on the events surrounding the signing of the Declaration of Independence.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ It dramatizes the efforts of John Adams to persuade his colleagues to vote for American independence and to sign the document.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ It premiered on Broadway in 1969, earning warm reviews, and ran for 1,217 performances.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ The production was nominated for five Tony Awards and won three, including the Tony Award for Best Musical.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ In 1972 it was made into a film adaptation.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ It was revived on Broadway in 1997.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ In 1925, Rodgers and Hart had written a musical about the American Revolution, called \"Dearest Enemy\".", "George Jones __knowledge__ George Glenn Jones (September 12, 1931 – April 26, 2013) was an American musician, singer and songwriter.", "George Jones __knowledge__ He achieved international fame for his long list of hit records, including his best known song \"He Stopped Loving Her Today\", as well as his distinctive voice and phrasing.", "George Jones __knowledge__ For the last twenty years of his life, Jones was frequently referred to as the greatest living country singer.", "George Jones __knowledge__ Country music scholar Bill Malone writes, \"For the two or three minutes consumed by a song, Jones immerses himself so completely in its lyrics, and in the mood it conveys, that the listener can scarcely avoid becoming similarly involved.\"", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Lacy Walter Giles Yea (20 May 1808 – 18 June 1855) was a British Army colonel, known for his role in the Crimean War, where he was killed in action.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Born in Park Row, Bristol, on 20 May 1808, he was eldest son of Sir William Walter Yea, second baronet, of Pyrland, near Taunton, Somerset, who married, on 24 June 1805, Anne Heckstetter (d. 1846), youngest daughter of Colonel David Michel of Dulish House, Dorset.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Lacy Yea was educated at Eton College.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ He was commissioned as ensign in the 37th foot on 6 October 1825, obtained an unattached lieutenancy on 19 December 1826, was appointed to the 5th Foot on 13 March 1827, and exchanged to the 7th (Royal Fusiliers) on 13 March 1828.", "Workweek and weekend __knowledge__ The workweek and weekend are those complementary parts of the week devoted to labour and rest, respectively.", "Workweek and weekend __knowledge__ The legal working week (British English), or workweek (American English), is the part of the seven-day week devoted to labour.", "Workweek and weekend __knowledge__ In most of the Western world, it is Monday to Friday; the weekend is Saturday and Sunday.", "Workweek and weekend __knowledge__ A weekday or workday is any day of the working week.", "Workweek and weekend __knowledge__ Other institutions often follow the pattern, such as places of education.", "Workweek and weekend __knowledge__ In some Christian traditions, Sunday is the \"day of rest and worship\".", "Workweek and weekend __knowledge__ Jewish \"Shabbat\" or Biblical Sabbath lasts from sunset on Friday to the fall of full darkness on Saturday; as a result, the weekend in Israel is observed on Friday–Saturday.", "INK Entertainment __knowledge__ INK Entertainment is a hospitality and entertainment company headquartered in Toronto that maintains various properties; mostly nightclubs and restaurants, as well as a country club, two annual music festivals, two talent agencies, and a hotel currently under construction.", "INK Entertainment __knowledge__ Most of its properties are located in Toronto (either in the city's Entertainment District, Fashion District or in its ritzy Yorkville neighbourhood); with a few in Montreal, Niagara Falls, Miami area, and Las Vegas.", "INK Entertainment __knowledge__ Founded and run by the Lebanese-born entrepreneur Charles Khabouth, INK currently owns and operates Toronto's Product nightclub, Dragonfly nightclub on Niagara Fallsview Casino Resort grounds, Cube nightclub and La Société restaurant.", "Black Friday (shopping) __knowledge__ Black Friday is an informal name for the day following Thanksgiving Day in the United States, the fourth Thursday of November, which has been regarded as the beginning of the country's Christmas shopping season since 1952.", "Black Friday (shopping) __knowledge__ Most major retailers open very early, as early as overnight hours, and offer promotional sales.", "Black Friday (shopping) __knowledge__ Black Friday is not an official holiday, but California and some other states observe \"The Day After Thanksgiving\" as a holiday for state government employees, sometimes in lieu of another federal holiday such as the Columbus Day.", "Black Friday (shopping) __knowledge__ Many non-retail employees and schools have both Thanksgiving and the following Friday off, which, along with the following regular weekend, makes it a four-day weekend, thereby increasing the number of potential shoppers.", "List of The Secret Saturdays characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters in the Cartoon Network animated television series \"The Secret Saturdays\".", "List of The Secret Saturdays characters __knowledge__ Zak Saturday is the 11-year-old (he turns 12 in \"Kur Parts 1&2, turns 13 in \"Life in the Underground\") major character of the show.", "List of The Secret Saturdays characters __knowledge__ The son of Doc and Drew Saturday, Zak seeks adventure at every turn, which is easily satisfied by his cryptid-researching family.", "List of The Secret Saturdays characters __knowledge__ Zak has an unorthodox upbringing that has taken him around the planet and placed him in the face of danger since the day he was born.", "List of The Secret Saturdays characters __knowledge__ Zak was born the same year the Kur Stone was found (specifically, he was conceived shortly after the discovery).", "On Your Radar __knowledge__ On Your Radar is the third studio album by British-Irish girl group The Saturdays.", "On Your Radar __knowledge__ The album was released 21 November 2011 under Fascination Records.", "On Your Radar __knowledge__ The album was recorded in Los Angeles and London.", "On Your Radar __knowledge__ Steve Mac, who has been instrumental in the production of the band's previous albums, serves as a major collaborator.", "On Your Radar __knowledge__ Additional producers and songwriters include Lucas Secon, Taio Cruz, Labrinth, Tracklacers, Space Cowboy, Brian Higgins and Lucie Silvas.", "On Your Radar __knowledge__ The album's lead single \"Notorious\" was released on 22 May 2011.", "On Your Radar __knowledge__ The song was compared to The Black Eyed Peas, Kelis and Rihanna, and received generally mixed reviews.", "Shopping hours __knowledge__ Customs and regulations for shopping hours (times that shops are open) vary from countries to cities.", "Shopping hours __knowledge__ Some countries, particularly those with predominantly Christian populations or histories do not allow Sunday shopping.", "Shopping hours __knowledge__ In Islamic countries some shops are closed on Fridays for noontime prayers.", "Shopping hours __knowledge__ In Israel many shops are sometimes closed on Friday evening and Saturday during the daytime for Shabbat (the Jewish Sabbath).", "Shopping hours __knowledge__ Each state in Australia sets its own standard trading hours, but in most of the country the shops are open seven days a week for at least part of the day.", "Shopping hours __knowledge__ For some shops and other businesses in culturally Christian countries, Christmas Day is the only day in the year that they are closed.", "TGIF (ABC) __knowledge__ TGIF is the name of a defunct American prime time television programming block that aired on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC), initially from 1989 to 2000.", "TGIF (ABC) __knowledge__ The name comes from the initials of the popular phrase \"Thank God It's Friday\"; however, the stars of the lineup touted the abbreviation as meaning \"Thank Goodness It's Funny.\"", "TGIF (ABC) __knowledge__ The block mainly featured situation comedies aimed at a family audience.", "TGIF (ABC) __knowledge__ It marked one of the first attempts by a major network to brand a programming block, with the goal of encouraging young viewers to watch the entire lineup, instead of just a particular show." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Nightclub __knowledge__ A nightclub (or club) is an entertainment venue and bar that usually operates late into the night.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ A nightclub is generally distinguished from regular bars, pubs or taverns by the inclusion of a stage for live music, one or more dance floor areas and a DJ booth, where a DJ plays recorded music.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ The upmarket nature of nightclubs can be seen in the inclusion of VIP areas in some nightclubs, for celebrities and their guests.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ Nightclubs are much more likely than pubs or sports bars to use bouncers to screen prospective clubgoers for entry.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ Some nightclub bouncers do not admit people with ripped jeans or other informal clothing or gang apparel as part of a dress code.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ The busiest nights for a nightclub are Friday and Saturday night.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ Most clubs or club nights cater to certain music genres, such as house music or hip hop.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ A nightclub may also be called a discothèque or disco (these terms were generally used for 1970s and early 1980s-era venues), dance club, dance bar or live music club.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ From about 1900 to 1920, working class Americans would gather at honky tonks or juke joints to dance to music played on a piano or a jukebox.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ Webster Hall is credited as the first modern nightclub, being built in 1886 and starting off as a \"social hall\", originally functioning as a home for dance and political activism events.", "DNB ASA __knowledge__ DNB ASA (formerly DnB NOR ASA) is Norway's largest financial services group with total combined assets of more than NOK 1.9 trillion and a market capitalisation NOK 164 billion as per 20 May 2016.", "DNB ASA __knowledge__ The Group includes brands such as DNB, Vital, Nordlandsbanken, Cresco, Postbanken, DnB NORD and Carlson.", "DNB ASA __knowledge__ DNB's head office is located in Oslo.", "DNB ASA __knowledge__ The two largest owners of DNB are the Norwegian Ministry of Trade and Industry (34.0%) and Sparebankstiftelsen DnB NOR (10.0%).", "DNB ASA __knowledge__ The latter was created as a foundation with the sole purpose of owning part of the company.", "DNB ASA __knowledge__ It was created when Gjensidige NOR was made a public limited company to ensure that the companies' customers retained partial ownership of the company.", "Chak 15 DNB __knowledge__ Chak 15 DNB (, is a village of Bahawalpur.", "Chak 15 DNB __knowledge__ It was founded before independence of Pakistan.", "Chak 15 DNB __knowledge__ This is the only village on the belt road from Adda Tairaan Hazaar to Khanqah Sharif, which is closer to the road.", "Chak 15 DNB __knowledge__ This village is also capital village by area vise in the area.", "Chak 15 DNB __knowledge__ It is located about 4 km from Adda Tairaan Hazaar on the belt road of Khankah Sharif.", "Chak 15 DNB __knowledge__ Chak 15 DNB is far from Bahawalpur city about 43 Kilometers.", "Chak 15 DNB __knowledge__ The head of this village nominated by Number Dar was Ghulam Qadir Bajwa.", "Chak 15 DNB __knowledge__ In the beginning this village was far about 2 kilometers from the belt road of Khanqah Sharif but with the work of Numberdar; this village was accepted by the Government of Punjab near at the road and the area of housing society of Chak 15 DNB was allowed by the Govt was almost 10 acres.", "Dictionary of National Biography __knowledge__ The Dictionary of National Biography (DNB) is a standard work of reference on notable figures from British history, published from 1885.", "Dictionary of National Biography __knowledge__ The updated Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (ODNB) was published on 23 September 2004 in 60 volumes and online, with 50,113 biographical articles covering 54,922 lives.", "Dictionary of National Biography __knowledge__ Hoping to emulate national biographical collections published elsewhere in Europe, such as the \"Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie\" (1875), in 1882 the publisher George Smith (1824–1901), of Smith, Elder & Co., planned a universal dictionary that would include biographical entries on individuals from world history.", "Drum and bass __knowledge__ Drum and bass () (also written as \"drum 'n' bass\" or \"drum & bass\"; commonly abbreviated as \"D&B\", \"DnB\" or \"D'n'B\"), is a genre and branch of electronic music which emerged from rave and jungle scenes in England during the early 1990s.", "Drum and bass __knowledge__ The style is often characterised by fast breakbeats (typically 160–180 beats per minute) with heavy bass and sub-bass lines, sampled sources, and synthesizers.", "Drum and bass __knowledge__ The popularity of drum and bass at its commercial peak ran parallel to several other homegrown dance styles in the UK including big beat and hard house.", "Drum and bass __knowledge__ Drum and bass incorporates a number of scenes and styles.", "Steve Taylor &amp; The Perfect Foil __knowledge__ Steve Taylor & The Perfect Foil is an American alternative rock supergroup formed in 2010 by singer Steve Taylor with drummer Peter Furler (Newsboys, Peter Furler Band), guitarist Jimmy Abegg (Vector, A Ragamuffin Band), and bassist John Mark Painter (Fleming and John).", "Steve Taylor &amp; The Perfect Foil __knowledge__ Taylor formerly saw success as a new wave singer during the 1980s and early 1990s, and also fronted the short-lived band Chagall Guevara.", "Steve Taylor &amp; The Perfect Foil __knowledge__ However, by the mid-1990s he abandoned performing music and transitioned into work as a record producer, songwriter, and film-maker.", "Steve Taylor &amp; The Perfect Foil __knowledge__ In 2010 Taylor, who was frustrated at the slow pace of his fundraiser for his feature film \"Blue Like Jazz\", collaborated with Furler, Abegg, and Painter to record the song \"A Life Preserved\" for the film's soundtrack, and began recording other material.", "DSB Bank __knowledge__ DSB Bank (\"DSB: Dirk Scheringa Beheer\") was a Dutch bank and insurer that failed in 2009.", "DSB Bank __knowledge__ The company was founded in 1975 by , the sole shareholder.", "DSB Bank __knowledge__ It was originally called \"Buro Frisia\", but in 1998 the DSB Groep () was founded which included Buro Frisia.", "DSB Bank __knowledge__ The bank made the news several times, due to, among numerous things, overpriced mortgages and deferred annuities.", "DSB Bank __knowledge__ On 19 October 2009, the Amsterdam court declared DSB Bank to be in bankruptcy.", "DSB Bank __knowledge__ , a former police officer, founded DSB BANK as Buro Frisia in 1975.", "DSB Bank __knowledge__ In 1977 the company had capital worth €25 million and a balance of €300 million, due to stable growth and acquisitions.", "Al Jolson __knowledge__ Al Jolson (born Asa Yoelson; May 26, 1886 – October 23, 1950) was an American singer, comedian, stage and film actor.", "Al Jolson __knowledge__ At the peak of his career, he was dubbed \"The World's Greatest Entertainer.\"", "Al Jolson __knowledge__ His performing style was brash and extroverted, and he popularized a large number of songs that benefited from his \"shamelessly sentimental, melodramatic approach.\"", "Al Jolson __knowledge__ Numerous well-known singers were influenced by his music, including Bing Crosby, Bob Dylan, Rod Stewart, David Bowie and others.", "Al Jolson __knowledge__ Dylan once referred to him as \"somebody whose life I can feel.\"", "Al Jolson __knowledge__ Broadway critic Gilbert Seldes compared him to the Greek god Pan, claiming that Jolson represented \"the concentration of our national health and gaiety.\"", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Hip hop or hip-hop is a subculture and art movement developed in The Bronx in New York City during the late 1970s.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ The origins of the word are often disputed.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Some believe that the word was invented by Keith Cowboy of The Furious Five.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Others believe it was a derogatory name for the people who practise the art and wear the relative clothing.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ It is also argued as to whether hip hop started in the South or West Bronx.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ While the term \"hip hop\" is often used to refer exclusively to hip hop music (also called \"rap\"), hip hop is characterized by nine elements, however only four elements are considered most necessary to understand hip-hop musically.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ Hip hop music, also called hip-hop or rap music, is a music genre developed in the United States by inner-city African Americans in the 1970s which consists of a stylized rhythmic music that commonly accompanies rapping, a rhythmic and rhyming speech that is chanted.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ It developed as part of hip hop culture, a subculture defined by four key stylistic elements: MCing/rapping, DJing/scratching with turntables, break dancing, and graffiti writing.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ Other elements include sampling beats or bass lines from records (or synthesized beats and sounds), and rhythmic beatboxing.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ While often used to refer solely to rapping, \"hip hop\" more properly denotes the practice of the entire subculture.", "Kwaito __knowledge__ Kwaito is a music genre that emerged in Johannesburg, South Africa, during the 1990s.", "Kwaito __knowledge__ It is a variant of house music featuring the use of African sounds and samples.", "Kwaito __knowledge__ Typically at a slower tempo range than other styles of house music, Kwaito often contains catchy melodic and percussive loop samples, deep bass lines, and vocals.", "Kwaito __knowledge__ Despite its similarities to hip hop music, Kwaito has a distinctive manner in which the lyrics are sung, rapped and shouted.", "Kwaito __knowledge__ American producer Diplo has described Kwaito as \"slowed-down garage music,\" most popular among the black youth of South Africa.", "Kwaito __knowledge__ The word \"kwaito\" is an Isicamtho term from the Gauteng townships and encompasses styles that range from guz, d'gong, and isgubhu to swaito.", "Electronic dance music __knowledge__ Electronic dance music (also known as EDM, dance music, club music, or simply dance) is a broad range of percussive electronic music genres made largely for nightclubs, raves, and festivals.", "Electronic dance music __knowledge__ EDM is generally produced for playback by disc jockeys (DJs) who create seamless selections of tracks, called a mix, by segueing from one recording to another.", "Electronic dance music __knowledge__ EDM producers also perform their music live in a concert or festival setting in what is sometimes called a live PA.", "Electronic dance music __knowledge__ In Europe, EDM is more commonly called 'dance music' or simply 'dance'.", "Electronic dance music __knowledge__ In the late 1980s and early 1990s, following the emergence of raving, pirate radio, and an upsurge of interest in club culture, EDM acquired mainstream popularity in Europe.", "House music __knowledge__ House music is a genre of electronic music created by club DJs and music producers in Chicago in the early 1980s.", "House music __knowledge__ Early house music was generally characterized by repetitive 4/4 beats, rhythms mainly provided by drum machines, off-beat hi-hat cymbals, and synthesized basslines.", "House music __knowledge__ While house displayed several characteristics similar to disco music, which preceded and influenced it, as both were DJ and record producer-created dance music, house was more electronic and minimalistic.", "House music __knowledge__ The mechanical, repetitive rhythm of house was one of its main components.", "House music __knowledge__ Many house songs were instrumental, with no vocals; some had singing throughout the song with lyrics; and some had singing but no actual words.", "Japanese hip hop __knowledge__ Japanese hip hop (also known as J-rap, J-hip hop or J-hop) is said to have begun when Hiroshi Fujiwara returned to Japan and started playing hip hop records in the early 1980s.", "Japanese hip hop __knowledge__ Japanese hip hop generally tends to be most directly influenced by old school hip hop, taking from the era's catchy beats, dance culture, and overall fun and carefree nature and incorporating it into their music.", "Japanese hip hop __knowledge__ As a result, hip hop stands as one of the most commercially viable mainstream music genres in Japan, and the line between it and pop music is frequently blurred.", "Japanese hip hop __knowledge__ Although rather informal and small scale, the early days of Japanese hip-hop provide the history for the emergence of the cultural movement.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ European hip hop is hip hop music created by European musicians.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ Hip hop is a style of music developed by African American and Caribbean communities in the United States during the mid-1970s, and became a large part of modern pop culture during the 1980s.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ Due to this success, it has gained worldwide popularity, especially in Europe where many diverse and unique styles of hip hop have been created.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ This diversity is especially apparent in the forms of hip hop music and culture emanating from settler communities from Europe's former colonies and peripheries.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ In Denmark, Hip Hop rap music has been growing steadily more popular over the last fifteen years and began with Danish language acts such as MC Einar and Rockers by Choice, later on: less knowned Rip Rap & Rock, Flopstarz, Humleridderne and Faktaposen, The Danish way of doing rap music was topped in the 80's towards acceptance among the common people who did not listen to any rap music was with a rap song called: \"Rap Nu\" by the famed and beloved old Danish football commentator: Gunnar \"Nu\" Hansen." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Nightclub __knowledge__ A nightclub (or club) is an entertainment venue and bar that usually operates late into the night.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ A nightclub is generally distinguished from regular bars, pubs or taverns by the inclusion of a stage for live music, one or more dance floor areas and a DJ booth, where a DJ plays recorded music.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ The upmarket nature of nightclubs can be seen in the inclusion of VIP areas in some nightclubs, for celebrities and their guests.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ Nightclubs are much more likely than pubs or sports bars to use bouncers to screen prospective clubgoers for entry.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ Some nightclub bouncers do not admit people with ripped jeans or other informal clothing or gang apparel as part of a dress code.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ The busiest nights for a nightclub are Friday and Saturday night.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ Most clubs or club nights cater to certain music genres, such as house music or hip hop.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ A nightclub may also be called a discothèque or disco (these terms were generally used for 1970s and early 1980s-era venues), dance club, dance bar or live music club.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ From about 1900 to 1920, working class Americans would gather at honky tonks or juke joints to dance to music played on a piano or a jukebox.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ Webster Hall is credited as the first modern nightclub, being built in 1886 and starting off as a \"social hall\", originally functioning as a home for dance and political activism events.", "Electronic dance music __knowledge__ Electronic dance music (also known as EDM, dance music, club music, or simply dance) is a broad range of percussive electronic music genres made largely for nightclubs, raves, and festivals.", "Electronic dance music __knowledge__ EDM is generally produced for playback by disc jockeys (DJs) who create seamless selections of tracks, called a mix, by segueing from one recording to another.", "Electronic dance music __knowledge__ EDM producers also perform their music live in a concert or festival setting in what is sometimes called a live PA.", "Electronic dance music __knowledge__ In Europe, EDM is more commonly called 'dance music' or simply 'dance'.", "Electronic dance music __knowledge__ In the late 1980s and early 1990s, following the emergence of raving, pirate radio, and an upsurge of interest in club culture, EDM acquired mainstream popularity in Europe.", "Electrical discharge machining __knowledge__ Electrical discharge machining (EDM), also known as spark machining, spark eroding, burning, die sinking, wire burning or wire erosion, is a manufacturing process whereby a desired shape is obtained by using electrical discharges (sparks).", "Electrical discharge machining __knowledge__ Material is removed from the work piece by a series of rapidly recurring current discharges between two electrodes, separated by a dielectric liquid and subject to an electric voltage.", "Electrical discharge machining __knowledge__ One of the electrodes is called the tool-electrode, or simply the \"tool\" or \"electrode,\" while the other is called the workpiece-electrode, or \"work piece.\"", "Electrical discharge machining __knowledge__ The process depends upon the tool and work piece not making actual contact.", "Rave __knowledge__ A rave (from the verb: \"to rave\") is a large dance party at a nightclub, dance club or festival featuring performances by DJs, who select and mix a seamless flow of loud electronic dance music songs and tracks.", "Rave __knowledge__ Raves typically involve usage of drugs, such as ecstasy.", "Rave __knowledge__ DJs at rave events play electronic dance music on vinyl, CDs and digital audio from a wide range of genres, including house, trance, techno, hardcore, breakbeat and electro-industrial.", "Rave __knowledge__ Occasionally live performers playing synthesizer or other electronic instruments will play electronic music.", "Rave __knowledge__ The music is amplified with a large, powerful sound reinforcement system, typically with huge subwoofers to produce a deep bass sound.", "Strachy na Lachy __knowledge__ Strachy Na Lachy (properly Międzymiastówka Muzykująca Strachy Na Lachy) is a Polish rock band (originally known as \"Grabaż + Ktoś Tam Jeszcze\" before becoming \"Grabaż i Strachy Na Lachy\").", "Strachy na Lachy __knowledge__ Strachy Na Lachy (Empty Threats) is led by Krzysztof \"Grabaż\" Grabowski and Andrzej \"Kozak\" Kozakiewicz, who also play in the punk group Pidżama Porno.", "Strachy na Lachy __knowledge__ They formed Strachy Na Lachy in order to play softer music, such as rock ballads.", "Strachy na Lachy __knowledge__ Their first album, \"Strachy Na Lachy\", was released in August 2003, and a second, \"Piła Tango\", the title track of which became their first hit, was released at the end of 2005.", "Strachy na Lachy __knowledge__ They often play in the Piwnica 21 Club in Poznań.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Moto Morini __knowledge__ Moto Morini is an Italian maker of motorcycles.", "Moto Morini __knowledge__ It was founded by Alfonso Morini in Bologna, in 1937.", "Moto Morini __knowledge__ Earlier, Morini had also manufactured motorcycles together with Mario Mazzetti under the name MM.", "Moto Morini __knowledge__ Morini came under Cagiva control in 1987, then in 1996 came under Texas Pacific Group, which had also bought Ducati, and in April 1999, the rights to the name were purchased by Morini Franco Motori spa, a company founded by Morini's nephew in 1954.", "Moto Morini __knowledge__ After building large v-twin motorcycles early in the 21st century the company went into liquidation in late 2010.", "Moto Morini __knowledge__ Moto Morini restarted the production of motorcycles in 2012.", "Electronic music __knowledge__ Electronic music is music that employs electronic musical instruments, digital instruments and circuitry-based music technology.", "Electronic music __knowledge__ In general, a distinction can be made between sound produced using electromechanical means (electroacoustic music), and that produced using electronics only.", "Electronic music __knowledge__ Electromechanical instruments include mechanical elements, such as strings, hammers, and so on, and electric elements, such as magnetic pickups, power amplifiers and loudspeakers.", "Electronic music __knowledge__ Examples of electromechanical sound producing devices include the telharmonium, Hammond organ, and the electric guitar, which are typically made loud enough for performers and audiences to hear with an instrument amplifier and speaker cabinet.", "Techno __knowledge__ Techno is a form of electronic dance music that emerged in Detroit, Michigan, in the United States during the mid-to-late 1980s.", "Techno __knowledge__ The first recorded use of the word \"techno\" in reference to a specific genre of music was in 1988.", "Techno __knowledge__ Many styles of techno now exist, but Detroit techno is seen as the foundation upon which a number of subgenres have been built.", "Techno __knowledge__ In Detroit, techno resulted from the melding of African American music including Chicago house, funk, electro, and electric jazz with electronic music by artists such as Kraftwerk, Giorgio Moroder, and Yellow Magic Orchestra.", "Techno __knowledge__ Added to this is the influence of futuristic and fictional themes relevant to life in American late capitalist society, with Alvin Toffler's book \"The Third Wave\" being a notable point of reference.", "Dance music __knowledge__ Dance music is music composed specifically to facilitate or accompany dancing.", "Dance music __knowledge__ It can be either a whole musical piece or part of a larger musical arrangement.", "Dance music __knowledge__ In terms of performance, the major categories are live dance music and recorded dance music.", "Dance music __knowledge__ While there exist attestations of the combination of dance and music in ancient times (for example Ancient Greek vases sometimes show dancers accompanied by musicians), the earliest Western dance music that we can still reproduce with a degree of certainty are the surviving medieval dances.", "Dance music __knowledge__ In the Baroque period, the major dance styles were noble court dances (see Baroque dance).", "Club drug __knowledge__ Club drugs, also called rave drugs, or party drugs are a loosely defined category of recreational drugs which are associated with discothèques in the 1970s and nightclubs, dance clubs, electronic dance music parties, and raves in the 1980s to the 2010s.", "Club drug __knowledge__ Unlike many other categories, such as opiates, which are established according to pharmaceutical or chemical properties, club drugs are a \"category of convenience\", in which drugs are included due to the locations they are consumed and/or where the user goes while under the influence of the drugs.", "Club drug __knowledge__ Club drugs are generally used by teens and young adults.", "Disco __knowledge__ Disco is a musical style originating in the early 1970s.", "Disco __knowledge__ It began to emerge from America's urban nightlife scene, where it had been curtailed to house parties and makeshift discotheques from the middle of the decade onwards, after which, it began making regular mainstream appearances, gaining popularity and increasing airplay on radio.", "Disco __knowledge__ Its popularity was achieved sometime during the mid-1970s to the early 1980s.", "Disco __knowledge__ Its initial audiences in the U.S. were club-goers, both male and female, from the African American, Italian American, Latino, and psychedelic communities in Philadelphia, Chicago, San Francisco, and New York City during the late 1960s and early 1970s." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Nightclub __knowledge__ A nightclub (or club) is an entertainment venue and bar that usually operates late into the night.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ A nightclub is generally distinguished from regular bars, pubs or taverns by the inclusion of a stage for live music, one or more dance floor areas and a DJ booth, where a DJ plays recorded music.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ The upmarket nature of nightclubs can be seen in the inclusion of VIP areas in some nightclubs, for celebrities and their guests.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ Nightclubs are much more likely than pubs or sports bars to use bouncers to screen prospective clubgoers for entry.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ Some nightclub bouncers do not admit people with ripped jeans or other informal clothing or gang apparel as part of a dress code.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ The busiest nights for a nightclub are Friday and Saturday night.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ Most clubs or club nights cater to certain music genres, such as house music or hip hop.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ A nightclub may also be called a discothèque or disco (these terms were generally used for 1970s and early 1980s-era venues), dance club, dance bar or live music club.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ From about 1900 to 1920, working class Americans would gather at honky tonks or juke joints to dance to music played on a piano or a jukebox.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ Webster Hall is credited as the first modern nightclub, being built in 1886 and starting off as a \"social hall\", originally functioning as a home for dance and political activism events.", "Electronic dance music __knowledge__ Electronic dance music (also known as EDM, dance music, club music, or simply dance) is a broad range of percussive electronic music genres made largely for nightclubs, raves, and festivals.", "Electronic dance music __knowledge__ EDM is generally produced for playback by disc jockeys (DJs) who create seamless selections of tracks, called a mix, by segueing from one recording to another.", "Electronic dance music __knowledge__ EDM producers also perform their music live in a concert or festival setting in what is sometimes called a live PA.", "Electronic dance music __knowledge__ In Europe, EDM is more commonly called 'dance music' or simply 'dance'.", "Electronic dance music __knowledge__ In the late 1980s and early 1990s, following the emergence of raving, pirate radio, and an upsurge of interest in club culture, EDM acquired mainstream popularity in Europe.", "Electrical discharge machining __knowledge__ Electrical discharge machining (EDM), also known as spark machining, spark eroding, burning, die sinking, wire burning or wire erosion, is a manufacturing process whereby a desired shape is obtained by using electrical discharges (sparks).", "Electrical discharge machining __knowledge__ Material is removed from the work piece by a series of rapidly recurring current discharges between two electrodes, separated by a dielectric liquid and subject to an electric voltage.", "Electrical discharge machining __knowledge__ One of the electrodes is called the tool-electrode, or simply the \"tool\" or \"electrode,\" while the other is called the workpiece-electrode, or \"work piece.\"", "Electrical discharge machining __knowledge__ The process depends upon the tool and work piece not making actual contact.", "Schiaparelli EDM lander __knowledge__ \"Schiaparelli\" EDM lander was the Entry, Descent and Landing Demonstrator Module (EDM) of the ExoMars programme—a joint mission of the European Space Agency (ESA) and the Russian space agency Roscosmos.", "Schiaparelli EDM lander __knowledge__ It was built in Italy and was intended to test technology for future soft landings on the surface of Mars.", "Schiaparelli EDM lander __knowledge__ It also had a limited but focused science payload that would have measured atmospheric electricity on Mars and local meteorological conditions.", "Schiaparelli EDM lander __knowledge__ Launched together with the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO) on 14 March 2016, \"Schiaparelli\" attempted a landing on 19 October 2016.", "Schiaparelli EDM lander __knowledge__ Telemetry signals from \"Schiaparelli\", monitored in real time by the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope in India (and confirmed by Mars Express), were lost about one minute from the surface during the final landing stages.", "Enterprise data management __knowledge__ Enterprise Data Management (EDM) is the ability of an organization to precisely define, easily integrate and effectively retrieve data for both internal applications and external communication.", "Enterprise data management __knowledge__ EDM is focused on the creation of accurate, consistent and transparent content.", "Enterprise data management __knowledge__ EDM emphasizes data precision, granularity and meaning and is concerned with how the content is integrated into business applications as well as how it is passed along from one business process to another.", "Enterprise data management __knowledge__ EDM arose to address circumstances where users within organizations independently source, model, manage and store data.", "Enterprise data management __knowledge__ Uncoordinated approaches by various segments of the organization can result in data conflicts and quality inconsistencies – lowering the trustworthiness of the data as it is used for operations and reporting.", "Educational data mining __knowledge__ Educational data mining (EDM) describes a research field concerned with the application of data mining, machine learning and statistics to information generated from educational settings (e.g., universities and intelligent tutoring systems).", "Educational data mining __knowledge__ At a high level, the field seeks to develop and improve methods for exploring this data, which often has multiple levels of meaningful hierarchy, in order to discover new insights about how people learn in the context of such settings.", "Educational data mining __knowledge__ In doing so, EDM has contributed to theories of learning investigated by researchers in educational psychology and the learning sciences.", "Edwin Boring __knowledge__ Edwin Garrigues (Gary) Boring (23 October 1886 – 1 July 1968) was an American experimental psychologist, Professor of Psychology at Clark University and at Harvard University, who later became one of the first historians of psychology.", "Edwin Boring __knowledge__ A \"Review of General Psychology\" survey, published in 2002, ranked Boring as the 93rd most cited psychologist of the 20th century, tied with John Dewey, Amos Tversky, and Wilhelm Wundt.", "Edwin Boring __knowledge__ Boring was born on October 23, 1886 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and grew up in a Quaker family interested in science.", "Edwin Boring __knowledge__ His elder sister was the zoologist, Alice Middleton Boring.", "93rd Grey Cup __knowledge__ The 93rd Grey Cup game was held on November 27, 2005, at B.C.", "93rd Grey Cup __knowledge__ Place Stadium in Vancouver, British Columbia between the Edmonton Eskimos and the Montreal Alouettes, to decide the winner of the 2005 season of the Canadian Football League.", "93rd Grey Cup __knowledge__ The Eskimos prevailed over the Alouettes in a 38-35 overtime victory.", "93rd Grey Cup __knowledge__ It was the first time in 44 years that a Grey Cup had gone into overtime (it would happen again in 2016).", "93rd Grey Cup __knowledge__ It was also the first Grey Cup to be presented in high-definition television.", "93rd Grey Cup __knowledge__ The Grey Cup Parade was held the day before the game.", "93rd Grey Cup __knowledge__ Pamela Anderson served as Grand Marshal or the parade.", "93rd Grey Cup __knowledge__ The Black Eyed Peas, who also performed during halftime of the Grey Cup game, appeared on scene and performed, marking the culmination of a large celebration to welcome the Grey Cup to British Columbia.", "Oscilloscope __knowledge__ An oscilloscope, previously called an oscillograph, and informally known as a scope or o-scope, CRO (for cathode-ray oscilloscope), or DSO (for the more modern digital storage oscilloscope), is a type of electronic test instrument that allows observation of varying signal voltages, usually as a two-dimensional plot of one or more signals as a function of time.", "Oscilloscope __knowledge__ Other signals (such as sound or vibration) can be converted to voltages and displayed.", "Oscilloscope __knowledge__ Oscilloscopes are used to observe the change of an electrical signal over time, such that voltage and time describe a shape which is continuously graphed against a calibrated scale.", "Electric organ __knowledge__ An electric organ, also known as electronic organ, is an electronic keyboard instrument which was derived from the harmonium, pipe organ and theatre organ.", "Electric organ __knowledge__ Originally designed to imitate their sound, or orchestral sounds, it has since developed into several types of instruments: The immediate predecessor of the electronic organ was the harmonium, or reed organ, an instrument that was very popular in homes and small churches in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.", "Electric organ __knowledge__ In a fashion not totally unlike that of pipe organs, reed organs generated sound by forcing air over a set of reeds by means of a bellows, usually operated by constantly pumping a set of pedals.", "Music technology (electronic and digital) __knowledge__ Electronic and digital music technology is the use of electronic or digital instruments, computers, electronic effects units, software or digital audio equipment by a musician, composer, sound engineer, DJ or record producer to make, perform or record music.", "Music technology (electronic and digital) __knowledge__ The term usually refers to the use of electronic devices, electronic and digital instruments, computer hardware and computer software that is used in the performance, playback, recording, composition, sound recording and reproduction, mixing, analysis and editing of music.", "Music technology (electronic and digital) __knowledge__ Music technology is connected to both artistic and technological creativity.", "Electronic music __knowledge__ Electronic music is music that employs electronic musical instruments, digital instruments and circuitry-based music technology.", "Electronic music __knowledge__ In general, a distinction can be made between sound produced using electromechanical means (electroacoustic music), and that produced using electronics only.", "Electronic music __knowledge__ Electromechanical instruments include mechanical elements, such as strings, hammers, and so on, and electric elements, such as magnetic pickups, power amplifiers and loudspeakers.", "Electronic music __knowledge__ Examples of electromechanical sound producing devices include the telharmonium, Hammond organ, and the electric guitar, which are typically made loud enough for performers and audiences to hear with an instrument amplifier and speaker cabinet.", "MIDI __knowledge__ MIDI (; short for Musical Instrument Digital Interface) is a technical standard that describes a communications protocol, digital interface, and electrical connectors and allows a wide variety of electronic musical instruments, computers and other related music and audio devices to connect and communicate with one another.", "MIDI __knowledge__ A single MIDI link can carry up to sixteen channels of information, each of which can be routed to a separate device.", "MIDI __knowledge__ MIDI carries event messages that specify notation, pitch and velocity (loudness or softness), control signals for parameters such as volume, vibrato, audio panning from left to right, cues in theatre, and clock signals that set and synchronize tempo between multiple devices.", "Synthesizer __knowledge__ A synthesizer (often abbreviated as synth, also spelled synthesiser) is an electronic musical instrument that generates electric signals that are converted to sound through instrument amplifiers and loudspeakers or headphones.", "Synthesizer __knowledge__ Synthesizers may either imitate traditional musical instruments like piano, Hammond organ, flute, vocals; natural sounds like ocean waves, etc.", "Synthesizer __knowledge__ ; or generate novel electronic timbres.", "Synthesizer __knowledge__ They are often played with a musical keyboard, but they can be controlled via a variety of other input devices, including music sequencers, instrument controllers, fingerboards, guitar synthesizers, wind controllers, and electronic drums.", "Multimeter __knowledge__ A multimeter or a multitester, also known as a VOM (volt-ohm-milliammeter), is an electronic measuring instrument that combines several measurement functions in one unit.", "Multimeter __knowledge__ A typical multimeter can measure voltage, current, and resistance.", "Multimeter __knowledge__ Analog multimeters use a microammeter with a moving pointer to display readings.", "Multimeter __knowledge__ Digital multimeters (DMM, DVOM) have a numeric display, and may also show a graphical bar representing the measured value.", "Multimeter __knowledge__ Digital multimeters are now far more common due to their cost and precision, but analog multimeters are still preferable in some cases, for example when monitoring a rapidly varying value." ] ]

[ 6, 7, 65, 43, 0 ]

[ "Same here. I especially like to go on Friday or Saturdays, when they're busiest.", "A lot of clubs cater to certain music genres, such as house music or hip hop, so I try to switch it up sometimes.", "It all depends on what I'm in the mood for. Lately it's been electronic dance music, also known as EDM.", "Hey, I definitely understand that. It's mostly made with electronic and digital instruments instead of traditional ones, so it's a bit much for some people.", "Well luckily there are clubs that specialize in all kinds of music!" ]

[ "Nightclub", "Nightclub", "Nightclub", "Nightclub", "Nightclub" ]

[ "Dog\nI love dogs but small dogs are my favorites. Do you have any dogs", "I have 2 min pins but my diva girl is a big dog in a small dog body. Don't think she's afraid of anything. Isn't it funny how they act sometimes", "Yes and pits and pit mixes have such a reputation. Most of them really don't deserve it. ", "Definitely. Gray wolves would make me nervous because they're still so wild", "No. Regular house dogs pick up and read our emotions. Wolves are still too wild to do that I think" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Dog __knowledge__ New research seems to show that dogs have mutations to equivalent genetic regions in humans where changes are known to trigger high sociability and somewhat reduced intelligence.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs vary widely in shape, size and colors.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals and therapeutic roles.", "Dog __knowledge__ This influence on human society has given them the sobriquet \"man's best friend\".", "Must Love Dogs __knowledge__ Must Love Dogs is a 2005 American romantic comedy film based on Claire Cook's 2002 novel of the same name.", "Must Love Dogs __knowledge__ Starring Diane Lane and John Cusack, it is the second and final film directed and written by Gary David Goldberg and was produced on a budget of $30 million.", "Must Love Dogs __knowledge__ The film focuses on a woman's struggle with divorce and meeting new people afterward.", "Must Love Dogs __knowledge__ Production started on October 12, 2004 with a final release date of July 29, 2005.", "Must Love Dogs __knowledge__ Critics opinions were mostly negative but indicated that the actors were not to blame.", "Must Love Dogs __knowledge__ \"Must Love Dogs\" took the fifth spot on its opening weekend and has grossed more than $58 million worldwide.", "Toy dog __knowledge__ Toy dog traditionally refers to a very small dog or a grouping of small and very small breeds of dog.", "Toy dog __knowledge__ A toy dog may be of any of various dog types.", "Toy dog __knowledge__ Types of dogs referred to as toy dogs may include Spaniels, Pinschers and Terriers that have been bred down in size.", "Toy dog __knowledge__ Not all toy dogs are lapdogs, although that is an important and ancient type of toy dog.", "Toy dog __knowledge__ The very smallest toy dogs are sometimes called \"teacup\" size, although no major dog registry recognizes that term.", "Toy dog __knowledge__ Dogs referred to as toy or teacup dogs, are dogs found in the \"Toy Group\" of breed registries, may be of the very ancient lapdog type, or they may be small versions of hunting dogs or working dogs, bred down in size for a particular kind of work or to create a pet of convenient size.", "Dog anatomy __knowledge__ Dog anatomy comprises the anatomical studies of the visible parts of the body of a canine.", "Dog anatomy __knowledge__ Details of structures vary tremendously from breed to breed, more than in any other animal species, wild or domesticated, as dogs are highly variable in height and weight.", "Dog anatomy __knowledge__ The smallest known adult dog was a Yorkshire Terrier that stood only at the shoulder, in length along the head and body, and weighed only .", "Dog anatomy __knowledge__ The largest known adult dog was an English Mastiff which weighed and was from the snout to the tail.", "Dog anatomy __knowledge__ The tallest known adult dog is a Great Dane that stands at the shoulder.", "Dog anatomy __knowledge__ Source: The following is a list of the muscles in the dog along with their origin, insertion, action and innervation.", "Dog park __knowledge__ A dog park is a park for dogs to exercise and play off-leash in a controlled environment under the supervision of their owners.", "Dog park __knowledge__ These parks have varying features, although they typically offer a 4' to 6' fence, separate double-gated entry and exit points, adequate drainage, benches for humans, shade for hot days, parking close to the site, water, tools to pick up and dispose of animal waste in covered trash cans, and regular maintenance and cleaning of the grounds.", "Dog park __knowledge__ Dog parks may also offer wheel-chair access, a pond for swimming and a separate enclosure for small dogs.", "Dog park __knowledge__ Off-leash dog areas, or dog parks, provide a community setting in which people can gather and socialize and where they can observe the interaction of groups of dogs at play.", "Chihuahua (dog) __knowledge__ The Chihuahua () is the smallest breed of dog and is named after the state of Chihuahua in Mexico.", "Chihuahua (dog) __knowledge__ Chihuahuas come in a wide variety of colors, and two coat lengths.", "Chihuahua (dog) __knowledge__ The Chihuahua's history is convoluted, and there are many theories surrounding the origin of the breed.", "Chihuahua (dog) __knowledge__ Both folklore and archaeological finds show that the breed originated in Mexico.", "Chihuahua (dog) __knowledge__ The most common theory is that Chihuahuas are descended from the \"Techichi\", a companion dog favored by the Toltec civilization in Mexico.", "Chihuahua (dog) __knowledge__ No records of the Techichi are available prior to the 9th century, although dog pots from Colima, Mexico, buried as part of the western Mexico shaft tomb tradition which date back to 300 BC are thought to depict Techichis.", "Dogs of the Dow __knowledge__ The Dogs of the Dow is an investment strategy popularized by Michael B. O'Higgins in 1991, which proposes that an investor annually select for investment the ten Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) stocks whose dividend is the highest fraction of their price.", "Dogs of the Dow __knowledge__ Selecting some components of the DJIA is not a new idea.", "Dogs of the Dow __knowledge__ An article by H. G. Schneider was published in \"The Journal of Finance\" in 1951, based on selecting stocks by their price–earnings ratio.", "Dogs of the Dow __knowledge__ Proponents of the Dogs of the Dow strategy argue that blue-chip companies do not alter their dividend to reflect trading conditions and, therefore, the dividend is a measure of the average worth of the company; the stock price, in contrast, fluctuates through the business cycle.", "Dog's fashion __knowledge__ Dog's fashion is a popular style or practice, especially in canine clothing and accessories.", "Dog's fashion __knowledge__ Dog fashion is a distinctive trend of the style in which people dress their canine companions.", "Dog's fashion __knowledge__ This trend dates back to the Egyptian pre-dynastic period and in recent times it has expanded due to increased consumer capitalism.", "Dog's fashion __knowledge__ There is evidence from ancient Egypt that people were using decorative collars to adorn their dogs.", "Dog's fashion __knowledge__ One collar was discovered in the tomb of the ancient Egyptian nobleman Maiharpiri in 1440 BC.", "Dog's fashion __knowledge__ It depicts hunting scenes embossed into leather.", "Dog's fashion __knowledge__ The dog's name, Tantanouit, is visible on the collar." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Dog __knowledge__ New research seems to show that dogs have mutations to equivalent genetic regions in humans where changes are known to trigger high sociability and somewhat reduced intelligence.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs vary widely in shape, size and colors.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals and therapeutic roles.", "Dog __knowledge__ This influence on human society has given them the sobriquet \"man's best friend\".", "Lucky Ducky (film) __knowledge__ Lucky Ducky is a 1948 American animated cartoon from Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.", "Lucky Ducky (film) __knowledge__ It was directed by Tex Avery, animated by Walt Clinton (here credited as Walter Clinton), Preston Blair, Louie Schmitt, and Grant Simmons, and musical direction by Scott Bradley.", "Lucky Ducky (film) __knowledge__ This short was originally in development as a \"George and Junior\" entry, but was ultimately produced with two random dog characters.", "Lucky Ducky (film) __knowledge__ This is the last MGM cartoon in black and white, and this is the only gag in black and white.", "Lucky Ducky (film) __knowledge__ The foreword of the cartoon tells: \"Dedicated\" \"to those duck hunters\" \"who leave at dawn\" \"with loaded gun...\" \"and come home late loaded...\" Many ducks are swimming and flying around a pond.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ This is a list of Pound Puppies characters from the television series that ran from 1986 to 1989.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ The animated children's show was based on the popular 1980's stuffed toy line.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ Cooler (Beagle/Bloodhound mix) – Cooler is the leader of the Pound Puppies.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ As his name would imply, Cooler has an outgoing and mellow personality and always keeps his head up even in the most daring situations.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ He also has a witty and sharp sense of humor compared to the other characters in the series, which is also backed up by his goofy Eddie Murphy-styled laugh.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ His battle cry is \"Pound Puppies, let's start pounding!\"", "Dingo __knowledge__ The dingo (\"Canis lupus dingo\" or \"Canis dingo\") is a type of feral dog native to Australia.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The first British colonists to arrive in 1788 established a settlement at Port Jackson and recorded dingoes living there with indigenous Australians.", "Dingo __knowledge__ Although the dingo exists in the wild, it associates with humans but has not been selectively bred similarly to other domesticated animals.", "Dingo __knowledge__ It is a medium-sized canid that possesses a lean, hardy body designed for speed, agility and stamina.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The dingo's three main coat colours are described as being either light ginger (or tan), black and tan, or creamy white.", "List of Donald Duck universe characters __knowledge__ This list of Donald Duck universe characters focuses on Disney cartoon characters who typically appear with Donald Duck and Scrooge McDuck, but are not related to them.", "List of Donald Duck universe characters __knowledge__ For relatives of Donald and Scrooge, see Duck family (Disney) or Clan McDuck.", "List of Donald Duck universe characters __knowledge__ For characters exclusive to the \"DuckTales\" franchise, see List of \"DuckTales\" characters.", "List of Donald Duck universe characters __knowledge__ Ducks are the most common type of named characters in the Donald Duck universe.", "List of Donald Duck universe characters __knowledge__ Like Donald, they appear as white American Pekin ducks.", "List of Donald Duck universe characters __knowledge__ This section contains a list of characters with the surname \"Duck\" who are not related to Donald.", "List of Donald Duck universe characters __knowledge__ As Don Rosa explained, \"Duck\" is an common name in Duckburg (just as \"Smith\" or \"Jones\" are common in the real-life United States) and does not necessarily identify a blood relation of Donald.", "Ian O'Brien __knowledge__ Ian Lovett O'Brien (born 3 March 1947) is an Australian breaststroke swimmer of the 1960s who won the 200 metre breaststroke at the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo in world record time.", "Ian O'Brien __knowledge__ He won five Commonwealth Games gold medals and claimed a total of nine individual and six relay titles at the Australian Championships, before retiring at the age of 21 due to financial pressures.", "Ian O'Brien __knowledge__ After showing promise at an early age, O'Brien was sent to Sydney to train under renowned coach Forbes Carlile and his breaststroke assistant Terry Gathercole.", "Ian O'Brien __knowledge__ He competed in his first national championships in 1962 at the age of 15, winning the 220 yard breaststroke to gain selection for the 1962 British Empire and Commonwealth Games in Perth, where he won both the 110 and breaststroke and the 4 × 110 yd medley relay.", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ Paz, also known as The Paz Show or Paz the Penguin, is an animated television series that debuted on February 24, 2003 on Discovery Kids and TLC in the United States.", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ It also aired on Treehouse TV in Canada, and on ITV in the United Kingdom.", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ The show was produced by Telescreen BV, Egmont Imagination, King Rollo Films, Open Mind Productions, and Discovery Kids.", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ The series was based on a series of books written and illustrated by Mary Murphy.", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ 1.", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ THE RIGHT MOVES: Pig teaches a dance class with surprising results.", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ Sometimes mistakes are the best part!", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ At first, Pig worries that she is a bad dance teacher.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Dog park __knowledge__ A dog park is a park for dogs to exercise and play off-leash in a controlled environment under the supervision of their owners.", "Dog park __knowledge__ These parks have varying features, although they typically offer a 4' to 6' fence, separate double-gated entry and exit points, adequate drainage, benches for humans, shade for hot days, parking close to the site, water, tools to pick up and dispose of animal waste in covered trash cans, and regular maintenance and cleaning of the grounds.", "Dog park __knowledge__ Dog parks may also offer wheel-chair access, a pond for swimming and a separate enclosure for small dogs.", "Dog park __knowledge__ Off-leash dog areas, or dog parks, provide a community setting in which people can gather and socialize and where they can observe the interaction of groups of dogs at play.", "Pitbull (rapper) __knowledge__ Armando Christian Pérez (born January 15, 1981), known by the stage name Pitbull or Mr. Worldwide, is an American rapper, singer, actor and record producer.", "Pitbull (rapper) __knowledge__ His first recorded mainstream performance was on a solo track from Lil Jon's 2002 album \"Kings of Crunk\".", "Pitbull (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2004, Pitbull released his debut album \"M.I.A.M.I.\"", "Pitbull (rapper) __knowledge__ under TVT Records.", "Pitbull (rapper) __knowledge__ It included production producers Lil Jon and Jim Jonsin.", "Pitbull (rapper) __knowledge__ Pitbull later released his second album \"El Mariel\", in 2006 and his third, \"The Boatlift\", in 2007.", "Pitbull (rapper) __knowledge__ His fourth album, \"Rebelution\" (2009), included his breakthrough hit single \"I Know You Want Me (Calle Ocho)\", which peaked at number two on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100.", "Dog fighting __knowledge__ Dog fighting is a type of blood sport generally defined as two or more game dogs against one another in a ring or a pit for the entertainment of the spectators or the gratification of the dogfighters, who are sometimes referred to as dogmen.", "Dog fighting __knowledge__ In rural areas, fights are often staged in barns or outdoor pits; in urban areas, fights may occur in garages, basements, warehouses, abandoned buildings, back alleys, neighborhood playgrounds, or in the streets.", "Dog fighting __knowledge__ Dog fights usually last until one dog is declared a winner, which occurs when one dog fails to scratch, one dog dies, or one dog jumps out of the pit.", "Jackson Bark __knowledge__ ] Jackson Bark is a community dog park located in and named after Jackson Park, Chicago, Illinois, United States.", "Jackson Bark __knowledge__ The dog park is an adaptive reuse of four abandoned tennis courts built with over 90% recycled materials, making it the largest 100% enclosed dog park in the city.", "Jackson Bark __knowledge__ Development began in the spring of 2014 and has been growing and evolving ever since.", "Jackson Bark __knowledge__ Jackson Bark is completely funded and maintained by the community and charges no entrance fee.", "Jackson Bark __knowledge__ With over 20 dog parks in Chicago, Jackson Bark is the first dog park on the southside, plus has more amenities, dog-friendly/safety features and photo-ops than any other community dog park in the state .", "Marmaduke (film) __knowledge__ Marmaduke is a 2010 American family comedy film adaptation of Brad Anderson's comic strip of the same name.", "Marmaduke (film) __knowledge__ The film is directed by Tom Dey, produced by John Davis, and written by Tim Rasmussen and Vince Di Meglio.", "Marmaduke (film) __knowledge__ It stars Owen Wilson, George Lopez, Emma Stone, Lee Pace, Judy Greer, William H. Macy, Steve Coogan, Sam Elliott, Christopher Mintz-Plasse, Kiefer Sutherland and Fergie.", "Marmaduke (film) __knowledge__ The film was released on June 4, 2010, to 3,213 theaters nationwide and grossed $83.8 million.", "Marmaduke (film) __knowledge__ The film earned $83,761,844 on a $50 million budget.", "Marmaduke (film) __knowledge__ \"Marmaduke\" was released on August 31, 2010, on DVD and Blu-ray, just two and a half months after its release in theaters.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The origin of the domestic dog is not clear.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog is a member of the genus \"Canis\", which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The closest living relative of the dog is the extant gray wolf and there is no evidence of any other canine contributing to its genetic lineage.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The archaeological record shows the first undisputed dog remains buried beside humans 14,700 years ago, with disputed remains occurring 36,000 years ago." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Dog __knowledge__ New research seems to show that dogs have mutations to equivalent genetic regions in humans where changes are known to trigger high sociability and somewhat reduced intelligence.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs vary widely in shape, size and colors.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals and therapeutic roles.", "Dog __knowledge__ This influence on human society has given them the sobriquet \"man's best friend\".", "Pit (nuclear weapon) __knowledge__ The pit, named after the hard core found in fruits such as peaches and apricots, is the core of an implosion nuclear weapon – the fissile material and any neutron reflector or tamper bonded to it.", "Pit (nuclear weapon) __knowledge__ Some weapons tested during the 1950s used pits made with U-235 alone, or in composite with plutonium, but all-plutonium pits are the smallest in diameter and have been the standard since the early 1960s.", "Pit (nuclear weapon) __knowledge__ The pits of the first nuclear weapons were solid, with an \"urchin\" neutron initiator in their center.", "Pit (nuclear weapon) __knowledge__ The Gadget and Fat Man used pits made of 6.2 kg of solid hot pressed plutonium-gallium alloy (at 400 °C and 200 MPa in steel dies) half-spheres of 9.2 cm diameter, with a 2.5 cm internal cavity for the initiator.", "UK miners' strike (1984–85) __knowledge__ The miners' strike of 1984–85 was a major industrial action to shut down the British coal industry in an attempt to prevent colliery closures.", "UK miners' strike (1984–85) __knowledge__ It was led by Arthur Scargill of the National Union of Mineworkers (NUM) against the National Coal Board (NCB), a government agency.", "UK miners' strike (1984–85) __knowledge__ Opposition to the strike was led by the Conservative government of Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, who called Scargill \"the enemy within.\"", "UK miners' strike (1984–85) __knowledge__ The NUM was divided over the action and many mineworkers, especially in the English Midlands, worked through the dispute.", "UK miners' strike (1984–85) __knowledge__ Few major trade unions supported the NUM, primarily because of the absence of a vote at national level.", "Ed Forchion __knowledge__ Robert Edward \"Ed\" Forchion, Jr. (born July 23, 1964), also known as NJWeedman, is an American Rastafari cannabis rights and free speech activist, frequent candidate for public office, actor, writer, and restaurateur.", "Ed Forchion __knowledge__ A resident of New Jersey and California, he is a registered medical cannabis user.", "Ed Forchion __knowledge__ He has been arrested and convicted for some of his activities and has mounted various legal defenses and challenges to laws regarding cannabis.", "Ed Forchion __knowledge__ After his last arrest the state of New Jersey filed a motion on March 7, 2017, for pretrial detention to incarcerate Forchion until trial.", "Ed Forchion __knowledge__ Forchion held a hunger strike for nearly two weeks while being held without bail, calling himself a political prisoner.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Pit stop __knowledge__ In motorsports, a pit stop is where a racing vehicle stops in the pits during a race for refuelling, new tyres, repairs, mechanical adjustments, a driver change, as a penalty, or any combination of the above.", "Pit stop __knowledge__ Not all of these are allowed in all forms of racing.", "Pit stop __knowledge__ While the term is still used in motorsports, it also gained popularity with driving in general when embarking on long road trips, suggesting a brief break from driving, as well as a refuelling stop.", "Pit stop __knowledge__ These \"pit stops\" grant the travelers a bathroom break, a breakfast/lunch/dinner break, or a chance to take in the local scenery.", "Pit stop __knowledge__ The pits usually comprise a pit lane which runs parallel to the start/finish straight and is connected at each end to the main track, and a row of garages (usually one per team) outside which the work is done.", "Pit latrine __knowledge__ A pit latrine or pit toilet is a type of toilet that collects human feces in a hole in the ground.", "Pit latrine __knowledge__ They use either no water or one to three liters per flush with pour-flush pit latrines.", "Pit latrine __knowledge__ When properly built and maintained they can decrease the spread of disease by reducing the amount of human feces in the environment from open defecation.", "Pit latrine __knowledge__ This decreases the transfer of pathogens between feces and food by flies.", "Pit latrine __knowledge__ These pathogens are major causes of infectious diarrhea and intestinal worm infections.", "Pit latrine __knowledge__ Infectious diarrhea resulted in about 700,000 deaths in children under five years old in 2011 and 250 million lost school days.", "Industry and the Eglinton Castle estate __knowledge__ The Eglinton Castle estate was situated at Irvine, on the outskirts of Kilwinning, North Ayrshire, Scotland (map reference NS 3227 42200) in the former district of Cunninghame.", "Industry and the Eglinton Castle estate __knowledge__ Eglinton Castle, was once home to the Montgomeries, Earls of Eglinton and chiefs of the Clan Montgomery.", "Industry and the Eglinton Castle estate __knowledge__ Eglinton Country Park now occupies part of the site.", "Industry and the Eglinton Castle estate __knowledge__ A dense network of mineral railway lines existed in the 19th and 20th centuries; the trackbed now being used as cycle paths in several places.", "Industry and the Eglinton Castle estate __knowledge__ A complex set of collieries, coal pits, tile works, fire-clay works and workers villages are evident from records such as OS maps.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ This is a list of Pound Puppies characters from the television series that ran from 1986 to 1989.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ The animated children's show was based on the popular 1980's stuffed toy line.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ Cooler (Beagle/Bloodhound mix) – Cooler is the leader of the Pound Puppies.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ As his name would imply, Cooler has an outgoing and mellow personality and always keeps his head up even in the most daring situations.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ He also has a witty and sharp sense of humor compared to the other characters in the series, which is also backed up by his goofy Eddie Murphy-styled laugh.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ His battle cry is \"Pound Puppies, let's start pounding!\"", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The origin of the domestic dog is not clear.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog is a member of the genus \"Canis\", which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The closest living relative of the dog is the extant gray wolf and there is no evidence of any other canine contributing to its genetic lineage.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The archaeological record shows the first undisputed dog remains buried beside humans 14,700 years ago, with disputed remains occurring 36,000 years ago.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA ; stylized PeTA) is an American animal rights organization based in Norfolk, Virginia, and led by Ingrid Newkirk, its international president.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ A nonprofit corporation with nearly 400 employees, it claims that it has 6.5 million members and supporters, in addition to claiming that it is the largest animal rights group in the world.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Its slogan is \"Animals are not ours to eat, wear, experiment on, use for entertainment, or abuse in any other way.\"", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Founded in March 1980 by Newkirk and fellow animal rights activist Alex Pacheco, the organization first caught the public's attention in the summer of 1981 during what became known as the Silver Spring monkeys case, a widely publicized dispute about experiments conducted on 17 macaque monkeys inside the Institute of Behavioral Research in Silver Spring, Maryland." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Dog __knowledge__ New research seems to show that dogs have mutations to equivalent genetic regions in humans where changes are known to trigger high sociability and somewhat reduced intelligence.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs vary widely in shape, size and colors.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals and therapeutic roles.", "Dog __knowledge__ This influence on human society has given them the sobriquet \"man's best friend\".", "Gray wolf __knowledge__ The gray wolf (\"Canis lupus\"), also known as the timber wolf or western wolf, is a canine native to the wilderness and remote areas of Eurasia and North America.", "Gray wolf __knowledge__ It is the largest extant member of its family, with males averaging and females .", "Gray wolf __knowledge__ Like the red wolf, it is distinguished from other \"Canis\" species by its larger size and less pointed features, particularly on the ears and muzzle.", "Gray wolf __knowledge__ Its winter fur is long and bushy and predominantly a mottled gray in color, although nearly pure white, red, and brown to black also occur.", "Gray wolf __knowledge__ \"Mammal Species of the World\" (3rd ed., 2005), a standard reference work in zoology, recognises 38 subspecies of \"C. lupus\"..Gray wolfs are pack hunters.", "Evolution of the wolf __knowledge__ The evolution of the wolf occurred over a geologic time scale of 800 thousand years, transforming the first Middle Pleistocene wolf specimen that is recognized as being morphologically similar to \"Canis lupus\" into today's dog, dingo and gray wolf.", "Evolution of the wolf __knowledge__ Ecological factors including habitat type, climate, prey specialization and predatory competition has greatly influenced the wolf's genetic population structure and cranio-dental plasticity.", "Evolution of the wolf __knowledge__ Wolves went through a population bottleneck 20,000 years before present (YBP), which indicates that many wolf populations had gone extinct at a time that coincided with the Last Glacial Maximum and the expansion of modern humans worldwide with their technology for capturing large game.", "Coywolf __knowledge__ Coywolf (sometimes called woyote) is an informal term for a canid hybrid descended from coyotes and gray wolves.", "Coywolf __knowledge__ Hybridization between the two species is facilitated by the fact that they diverged relatively recently (around 55,000–117,000 years ago).", "Coywolf __knowledge__ Genomic studies indicate that nearly all North American gray wolf populations possess some degree of admixture with coyotes following a geographic cline, with the lowest levels occurring in Alaska, but the highest in Ontario and Quebec as well as Atlantic Canada.", "Coywolf __knowledge__ Hybrids of any combination tend to be larger than coyotes but smaller than wolves, they show behaviors intermediate between coyotes and the other parent's species.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The origin of the domestic dog is not clear.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog is a member of the genus \"Canis\", which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The closest living relative of the dog is the extant gray wolf and there is no evidence of any other canine contributing to its genetic lineage.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The archaeological record shows the first undisputed dog remains buried beside humans 14,700 years ago, with disputed remains occurring 36,000 years ago.", "Beringian wolf __knowledge__ The Beringian wolf is an extinct type of wolf (\"Canis lupus\") that lived during the Ice Age.", "Beringian wolf __knowledge__ It inhabited what is now modern-day Alaska, Yukon, and northern Wyoming.", "Beringian wolf __knowledge__ Some of these wolves survived well into the Holocene.", "Beringian wolf __knowledge__ The Beringian wolf is an ecomorph of the gray wolf and has been comprehensively studied using a range of scientific techniques, yielding new information on the prey species and feeding behavior of prehistoric wolves.", "Beringian wolf __knowledge__ It has been determined that these wolves are morphologically distinct from modern North American wolves and genetically basal to most modern and extinct wolves.", "Beringian wolf __knowledge__ The Beringian wolf has not been assigned a subspecies classification and its relationship with the European cave wolf (\"Canis lupus spelaeus\") is not clear.", "Red wolf __knowledge__ The red wolf (\"Canis rufus\" or \"Canis lupus rufus\"), also known as the Florida black wolf or Mississippi Valley wolf, is a canid of unresolved taxonomic identity native to the eastern United States.", "Red wolf __knowledge__ It is generally, morphologically, an intermediate between the coyote and gray wolf, and is of a reddish, tawny color.", "Red wolf __knowledge__ The Red Wolf is a federally listed endangered species of the United States, and is protected by law.", "Red wolf __knowledge__ It has been listed by IUCN as a critically endangered species since 1996.", "Red wolf __knowledge__ It is considered the rarest species of wolf and is one of the five most endangered species of wolf in the world.", "Mexican wolf __knowledge__ The Mexican wolf (\"Canis lupus baileyi\"), also known as the lobo, is a subspecies of gray wolf once native to southeastern Arizona, southern New Mexico, western Texas and northern Mexico.", "Mexican wolf __knowledge__ It is the smallest of North America's gray wolves, and is similar to \"C. l. nubilus\", though it is distinguished by its smaller, narrower skull and its darker pelt, which is yellowish-gray and heavily clouded with black over the back and tail.", "Mexican wolf __knowledge__ Its ancestors were likely the first gray wolves to enter North America after the extinction of the Beringian wolf, as indicated by its southern range and basal physical and genetic characteristics.", "Wolfdog __knowledge__ A wolfdog (also called a wolf–dog hybrid or wolf hybrid) is a canid hybrid resulting from the hybridization of a domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\") to one of four other \"Canis\" sub-species, the gray (\"Canis lupus\"), eastern timber (\"Canis lycaon\"), red (\"Canis rufus\"), and Ethiopian wolves (\"Canis simensis\").", "Wolfdog __knowledge__ Intra-hybridization between dogs and other subspecies of gray wolves are the most common wolfdogs since dogs and gray wolves are considered the same species, are genetically very close, and have shared vast portions of their ranges for millennia.", "Wolfdog __knowledge__ Such hybridization in the wild have been detected in many populations scattered throughout Europe and North America, usually occurring in areas where wolf populations have declined from human impacts and persecutions.", "Great Lakes boreal wolf __knowledge__ Great Lakes boreal wolf is an informal term used to describe hybrids between North America's northwestern wolves, eastern wolves and coyotes in the forests surrounding the Great Lakes.", "Great Lakes boreal wolf __knowledge__ Introgression of gray wolf genes into Canadian populations of eastern wolves has occurred across eastern Manitoba, northern and eastern Ontario, and into southwestern Quebec.", "Great Lakes boreal wolf __knowledge__ In the United States, gray wolves have also introgressed into the eastern wolf populations that once inhabited the western Great Lakes states of Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Michigan.", "Great Lakes boreal wolf __knowledge__ Introgressions of coyotes into eastern wolf populations have also occurred in southern Ontario, Quebec, and all over the eastern Great Lakes states." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Dog __knowledge__ New research seems to show that dogs have mutations to equivalent genetic regions in humans where changes are known to trigger high sociability and somewhat reduced intelligence.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs vary widely in shape, size and colors.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals and therapeutic roles.", "Dog __knowledge__ This influence on human society has given them the sobriquet \"man's best friend\".", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The origin of the domestic dog is not clear.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog is a member of the genus \"Canis\", which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The closest living relative of the dog is the extant gray wolf and there is no evidence of any other canine contributing to its genetic lineage.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The archaeological record shows the first undisputed dog remains buried beside humans 14,700 years ago, with disputed remains occurring 36,000 years ago.", "Gray wolf __knowledge__ The gray wolf (\"Canis lupus\"), also known as the timber wolf or western wolf, is a canine native to the wilderness and remote areas of Eurasia and North America.", "Gray wolf __knowledge__ It is the largest extant member of its family, with males averaging and females .", "Gray wolf __knowledge__ Like the red wolf, it is distinguished from other \"Canis\" species by its larger size and less pointed features, particularly on the ears and muzzle.", "Gray wolf __knowledge__ Its winter fur is long and bushy and predominantly a mottled gray in color, although nearly pure white, red, and brown to black also occur.", "Gray wolf __knowledge__ \"Mammal Species of the World\" (3rd ed., 2005), a standard reference work in zoology, recognises 38 subspecies of \"C. lupus\"..Gray wolfs are pack hunters.", "Evolution of the wolf __knowledge__ The evolution of the wolf occurred over a geologic time scale of 800 thousand years, transforming the first Middle Pleistocene wolf specimen that is recognized as being morphologically similar to \"Canis lupus\" into today's dog, dingo and gray wolf.", "Evolution of the wolf __knowledge__ Ecological factors including habitat type, climate, prey specialization and predatory competition has greatly influenced the wolf's genetic population structure and cranio-dental plasticity.", "Evolution of the wolf __knowledge__ Wolves went through a population bottleneck 20,000 years before present (YBP), which indicates that many wolf populations had gone extinct at a time that coincided with the Last Glacial Maximum and the expansion of modern humans worldwide with their technology for capturing large game.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ Dog behavior is the internally coordinated responses of individuals or groups of domestic dogs to internal and external stimuli.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ It has been shaped by millennia of contact with humans and their lifestyles.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ As a result of this physical and social evolution, dogs, more than any other species, have acquired the ability to understand and communicate with humans and they are uniquely attuned to their behaviors.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ Behavioral scientists have uncovered a wide range of social-cognitive abilities in the domestic dog The origin of the domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is not clear.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The dingo (\"Canis lupus dingo\" or \"Canis dingo\") is a type of feral dog native to Australia.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The first British colonists to arrive in 1788 established a settlement at Port Jackson and recorded dingoes living there with indigenous Australians.", "Dingo __knowledge__ Although the dingo exists in the wild, it associates with humans but has not been selectively bred similarly to other domesticated animals.", "Dingo __knowledge__ It is a medium-sized canid that possesses a lean, hardy body designed for speed, agility and stamina.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The dingo's three main coat colours are described as being either light ginger (or tan), black and tan, or creamy white.", "Wolfdog __knowledge__ A wolfdog (also called a wolf–dog hybrid or wolf hybrid) is a canid hybrid resulting from the hybridization of a domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\") to one of four other \"Canis\" sub-species, the gray (\"Canis lupus\"), eastern timber (\"Canis lycaon\"), red (\"Canis rufus\"), and Ethiopian wolves (\"Canis simensis\").", "Wolfdog __knowledge__ Intra-hybridization between dogs and other subspecies of gray wolves are the most common wolfdogs since dogs and gray wolves are considered the same species, are genetically very close, and have shared vast portions of their ranges for millennia.", "Wolfdog __knowledge__ Such hybridization in the wild have been detected in many populations scattered throughout Europe and North America, usually occurring in areas where wolf populations have declined from human impacts and persecutions.", "Elastics (orthodontics) __knowledge__ Elastics are rubber bands frequently used in the field of orthodontics to correct different type of malocclusions.", "Elastics (orthodontics) __knowledge__ The elastic wear is prescribed by an orthodontist or a dentist in an orthodontic treatment.", "Elastics (orthodontics) __knowledge__ The longevity of the elastic wear may vary from two weeks to several months.", "Elastics (orthodontics) __knowledge__ The elastic wear can be worn from 12 to 23 hours a day, either during the night or throughout the day depending on the requirements for each malocclusion.", "Elastics (orthodontics) __knowledge__ The many different types of elastics may produce different forces on teeth.", "Elastics (orthodontics) __knowledge__ Therefore, using elastics with specific forces is critical in achieving a good orthodontic occlusion.", "Erfworld __knowledge__ Erfworld is a story-driven fantasy/comedy webcomic about a master strategy gamer summoned into and stuck inside a wargame.", "Erfworld __knowledge__ The first book, The Battle for Gobwin Knob was written by Rob Balder and illustrated by Jamie Noguchi.", "Erfworld __knowledge__ Erfworld was recognized as one of the top 10 graphic novels of 2007 by Time Magazine.", "Erfworld __knowledge__ The second book, Love is a Battlefield was illustrated by Xin Ye.", "Erfworld __knowledge__ Before his departure, David Hahn was the artist for much of the third book, Hamsterdance versus the Charlie Foxtrot, which will be completed by Xin Ye with colors and inks by Lauri Ahonen and Lillian Chen.", "Erfworld __knowledge__ A portion of the webcomic series has been animated, Ken-Burns-style, with voice-over work by Arthur Chu.", "List of Star Wars species (A–E) __knowledge__ This is a list of \"Star Wars\" species, containing the names of fictional sentient species from the \"Star Wars\" franchise beginning with the letters A through E. \"Star Wars\" is an American epic space opera film series created by George Lucas.", "List of Star Wars species (A–E) __knowledge__ The first film in the series, \"Star Wars\", was released on May 25, 1977 and became a worldwide pop culture phenomenon, followed by three sequels and three prequels.", "List of Star Wars species (A–E) __knowledge__ Many species of alien creatures (often humanoid) are depicted.", "List of Star Wars species (A–E) __knowledge__ The Abednedo are a common sentient species native to the planet of the same name.", "List of Star Wars species (A–E) __knowledge__ Abednedos are tall humanoids with mouth tendrils, long faces and widely spaced fleshy nostrils; often brown or tan in skin colour.", "Werewolf: The Apocalypse __knowledge__ Werewolf: The Apocalypse is a role-playing game from the \"Classic World of Darkness\" line by White Wolf Publishing.", "Werewolf: The Apocalypse __knowledge__ Other related products include the Collectible card games named \"Rage\" and (including one series).", "Werewolf: The Apocalypse __knowledge__ In the game, players take the role of werewolves known as Garou (from the French 'loup garou').", "Werewolf: The Apocalypse __knowledge__ These Garou are usually warriors who are locked in a two-front war against both the spiritual desolation of urban civilization and supernatural forces of corruption that seek to bring about the Apocalypse.", "Werewolf: The Apocalypse __knowledge__ Game supplements detail other shapeshifters.", "Werewolf: The Apocalypse __knowledge__ Along with the other titles in the \"World of Darkness\", \"Werewolf\" was discontinued in 2004.", "Artistic inspiration __knowledge__ Inspiration (from the Latin \"inspirare\", meaning \"to breathe into\") refers to an unconscious burst of creativity in a literary, musical, or other artistic endeavour.", "Artistic inspiration __knowledge__ The concept has origins in both Hellenism and Hebraism.", "Artistic inspiration __knowledge__ The Greeks believed that inspiration or \"enthusiasm\" came from the muses, as well as the gods Apollo and Dionysus.", "Artistic inspiration __knowledge__ Similarly, in the Ancient Norse religions, inspiration derives from the gods, such as Odin.", "Artistic inspiration __knowledge__ Inspiration is also a divine matter in Hebrew poetics.", "Artistic inspiration __knowledge__ In the \"Book of Amos\" the prophet speaks of being overwhelmed by God's voice and compelled to speak.", "Artistic inspiration __knowledge__ In Christianity, inspiration is a gift of the Holy Spirit." ] ]

[ 27, 6, 2, 4, 4 ]

[ "i have one dog! she's a pitbull mix. i can't take her to the dog park, she's afraid of others", "mine is afraid of every dog and tries to fight. she's very sweet though, funny how dogs can vary in shape and size", "i'd say they're sweeter than most dogs! better than gray wolves", "and aren't attuned to humans at all! ", "i think you're right. what's your favourite kind of dog? i love ones who pick up on emotions and are very sweet" ]

[ "Dog", "Dog", "Dog", "Dog", "Dog" ]

[ "Farmer", "There are a lot of them around here in the south,", "They have to be otherwise we have no food basically.", "Without these advancements we would not be able to sustain our huge population." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Farmer __knowledge__ A farmer (also called an agriculturer) is a person engaged in agriculture, raising living organisms for food or raw materials.", "Farmer __knowledge__ The term usually applies to people who do some combination of raising field crops, orchards, vineyards, poultry, or other livestock.", "Farmer __knowledge__ A farmer might own the farmed land or might work as a laborer on land owned by others, but in advanced economies, a farmer is usually a farm owner, while employees of the farm are known as farm workers, or farmhands.", "Farmer __knowledge__ However, in the not so distant past, a farmer was a person who promotes or improves the growth of (a plant, crop, etc.)", "Farmer __knowledge__ by labor and attention, land or crops or raises animals (as livestock or fish).", "Farmer __knowledge__ Farming has been dated back as far as the Neolithic era.", "Farmer __knowledge__ By the Bronze Age, the Sumerians had an agriculture specialized labor force by 5000–4000 BCE, and heavily depended on irrigation to grow crops.", "Farmer __knowledge__ They relied on three-person teams when harvesting in the spring.", "Farmer __knowledge__ The Ancient Egypt farmers farmed and relied and irrigated their water from the Nile.", "Farmer __knowledge__ Animal husbandry, the practice of rearing animals specifically for farming purposes, has existed for thousands of years.", "Farmer __knowledge__ Dogs were domesticated in East Asia about 15,000 years ago." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Farmer __knowledge__ A farmer (also called an agriculturer) is a person engaged in agriculture, raising living organisms for food or raw materials.", "Farmer __knowledge__ The term usually applies to people who do some combination of raising field crops, orchards, vineyards, poultry, or other livestock.", "Farmer __knowledge__ A farmer might own the farmed land or might work as a laborer on land owned by others, but in advanced economies, a farmer is usually a farm owner, while employees of the farm are known as farm workers, or farmhands.", "Farmer __knowledge__ However, in the not so distant past, a farmer was a person who promotes or improves the growth of (a plant, crop, etc.)", "Farmer __knowledge__ by labor and attention, land or crops or raises animals (as livestock or fish).", "Farmer __knowledge__ Farming has been dated back as far as the Neolithic era.", "Farmer __knowledge__ By the Bronze Age, the Sumerians had an agriculture specialized labor force by 5000–4000 BCE, and heavily depended on irrigation to grow crops.", "Farmer __knowledge__ They relied on three-person teams when harvesting in the spring.", "Farmer __knowledge__ The Ancient Egypt farmers farmed and relied and irrigated their water from the Nile.", "Farmer __knowledge__ Animal husbandry, the practice of rearing animals specifically for farming purposes, has existed for thousands of years.", "Farmer __knowledge__ Dogs were domesticated in East Asia about 15,000 years ago.", "LOT Polish Airlines __knowledge__ Polskie Linie Lotnicze LOT S.A. (, \"flight\"), trading as LOT Polish Airlines, is the flag carrier of Poland.", "LOT Polish Airlines __knowledge__ Based in Warsaw and established in 1929, it is one of the world's oldest airlines still in operation.", "LOT Polish Airlines __knowledge__ With a fleet of 54 aircraft, LOT Polish Airlines operates a network to 90 destinations in Europe, the Middle East, North America, and Asia.", "LOT Polish Airlines __knowledge__ Nonstop long haul flights are offered to New York City, Newark, Chicago, Los Angeles, Toronto, Seoul, Singapore, Beijing, and Tokyo.", "LOT Polish Airlines __knowledge__ Most of the destinations originate from its hub, Warsaw Chopin Airport.", "LOT Polish Airlines __knowledge__ LOT is also a member of the Star Alliance.", "LOT Polish Airlines __knowledge__ At the end of 2012, LOT Polish Airlines became the first European airline that took delivery of one of the most modern aircraft in the world, the Boeing 787 Dreamliner.", "Temple Lot __knowledge__ The Temple Lot, located in Independence, Jackson County, Missouri, is the first site to be dedicated for the construction of a temple in the Latter Day Saint movement.", "Temple Lot __knowledge__ The area was dedicated on Wednesday, August 3, 1831 by the movement's founder, Joseph Smith, Jr., and purchased on December 19, 1831 by his colleague Edward Partridge to be the center of the New Jerusalem or \"City of Zion\" after he received a revelation stating that it would be the gathering spot of the Saints during the Last Days.", "Temple Lot __knowledge__ The most prominent 2.5-acre section of the Temple Lot is currently an open, grass-covered field occupied in its northeast corner by a few trees and the headquarters of the Church of Christ (Temple Lot), which is not considered a temple by adherents of that sect.", "Vayeira __knowledge__ Vayeira, Vayera, or ( — Hebrew for \"and He appeared,\" the first word in the parashah) is the fourth weekly Torah portion (, \"parashah\") in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading.", "Vayeira __knowledge__ It constitutes .", "Vayeira __knowledge__ The parashah tells the stories of Abraham's three visitors and Abraham's bargaining with God over Sodom and Gomorrah, Lot's two visitors and Lot's bargaining with the Sodomites, the flight of Lot and the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah, how Lot's daughters became pregnant by their father, how Abraham once again passed off his wife Sarah as his sister, the birth of Isaac, the expulsion of Hagar, disputes over wells, and the binding of Isaac (, the \"Akedah\").", "Lot (biblical person) __knowledge__ Lot (; ) was a patriarch in the biblical Book of Genesis chapters 11–14 and 19. Notable events in his life include his journey with his uncle Abram (Abraham) and his flight from the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah, during which Lot's wife became a pillar of salt, and had sexual intimacy with his daughters so that they could bear children.", "Lot (biblical person) __knowledge__ Lot and his father Haran were born and raised in Ur of the Chaldees () in the region of Sumeria on the Euphrates River of lower Mesopotamia.", "Lot (biblical person) __knowledge__ Haran died in that land before his father Terah.", "Lot (biblical person) __knowledge__ () En route to Canaan, the family stopped in the \"Paddan Aram\" region, about halfway along the Fertile Crescent between Mesopotamia and the Mediterranean.", "Jacob Riis Park __knowledge__ Jacob Riis Park, also called Jacob A. Riis Park or Jacob Riis State Park, is a seaside park at the southwestern end the Rockaway Peninsula in the New York City borough of Queens.", "Jacob Riis Park __knowledge__ It lies at the foot of the Marine Parkway–Gil Hodges Memorial Bridge, adjacent to the east of Fort Tilden, and west of Neponsit and Rockaway Beach.", "Jacob Riis Park __knowledge__ Originally a city-run park under the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation, it is currently part of the Jamaica Bay Unit of the Gateway National Recreation Area, and is managed by the National Park Service (NPS).", "Jacob Riis Park __knowledge__ Plans emerged for a coastal park located in the Rockaways in the early 20th Century, with the property acquired by the city in 1912.", "List of Care Bear characters __knowledge__ The Care Bears are a group of characters created by the U.S. greeting card company American Greetings in 1981.", "List of Care Bear characters __knowledge__ The title characters originally appeared in card artwork by Elena Kucharik, before branching out into various media and merchandise.", "List of Care Bear characters __knowledge__ The franchise launched in 1982 with ten title characters, and in 1984 added several more characters known as the Care Bear Cousins.", "List of Care Bear characters __knowledge__ Each of the Care Bears and Care Bear Cousins has a \"tummy symbol\" — a picture or pattern that indicates the role or specialty of the character bearing it.", "List of Care Bear characters __knowledge__ Beginning with \"\", \"tummy symbols\" are sometimes referred to as \"belly badges.\"", "Augusta, Ontario __knowledge__ Augusta Township is a township in the United Counties of Leeds and Grenville; located in eastern Ontario, Canada.", "Augusta, Ontario __knowledge__ Augusta is situated along the Saint Lawrence River, and extends back into rural hamlets.", "Augusta, Ontario __knowledge__ The township is located between the city of Brockville to the west, and the town of Prescott to the east.", "Augusta, Ontario __knowledge__ The hamlets and villages within Augusta were established prior to the 1900s; primarily by the United Empire Loyalists.", "Augusta, Ontario __knowledge__ There are plenty of buildings and homes still standing in the township today that were built by early settlers; many of these historic homes are even still occupied by direct descendants of the first settlers.", "Economic history of China before 1912 __knowledge__ The economic history of China covers thousands of years and the region has undergone alternating cycles of prosperity and decline.", "Economic history of China before 1912 __knowledge__ China, for last two millennia, was one of the world's largest and most advanced economies.", "Economic history of China before 1912 __knowledge__ Economic historians usually divide China's history into three periods: the pre-imperial era before the rise of Qin; the early imperial era from Qin to the rise of the Song (221  to 960 ); and the late imperial era, from Song to the fall of the Qing.", "Economic history of China before 1912 __knowledge__ Neolithic agriculture had developed in China by roughly 8,000 .", "Economic history of China before 1912 __knowledge__ Stratified bronze-age cultures, such as Erlitou, emerged by the third millennium .", "Farmers' suicides in India __knowledge__ In 2014, the National Crime Records Bureau of India reported 5,650 farmer suicides.", "Farmers' suicides in India __knowledge__ The highest number of farmer suicides were recorded in 2004 when 18,241 farmers committed suicide.", "Farmers' suicides in India __knowledge__ The farmers suicide rate in India has ranged between 1.4 and 1.8 per 100,000 total population, over a 10-year period through 2005.", "Farmers' suicides in India __knowledge__ India is an agrarian country with around 70% of its people depending directly or indirectly upon agriculture.", "Farmers' suicides in India __knowledge__ Farmer suicides account for 11.2% of all suicides in India.", "Farmers' suicides in India __knowledge__ Activists and scholars have offered a number of conflicting reasons for farmer suicides, such as monsoon failure, high debt burdens, government policies, public mental health, personal issues and family problems.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Urban agriculture, urban farming, or urban gardening is the practice of cultivating, processing, and distributing food in or around a village, town, or city.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Urban agriculture can also involve animal husbandry, aquaculture, agroforestry, urban beekeeping, and horticulture.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ These activities occur in peri-urban areas as well, and peri-urban agriculture may have different characteristics.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Urban agriculture can reflect varying levels of economic and social development.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ In the global north, it often takes the form of a social movement for sustainable communities, where organic growers, ‘foodies,’ and ‘locavores’ form social networks founded on a shared ethos of nature and community holism.", "Agriculture __knowledge__ Agriculture is the cultivation and breeding of animals, plants and fungi for food, fiber, biofuel, medicinal plants and other products used to sustain and enhance life.", "Agriculture __knowledge__ Agriculture was the key development in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created food surpluses that nurtured the development of civilization.", "Agriculture __knowledge__ The study of agriculture is known as agricultural science.", "Agriculture __knowledge__ The history of agriculture by humans dates back thousands of years, and its development has been driven and defined by greatly different climates, cultures, and technologies; industrial agriculture based on large-scale monoculture farming has become the dominant agricultural method.", "History of agriculture in the People's Republic of China __knowledge__ In 4,000 years, China has been a nation of farmers.", "History of agriculture in the People's Republic of China __knowledge__ By the time the People's Republic of China was established in 1949, virtually all arable land was under cultivation; irrigation and drainage systems constructed centuries earlier and intensive farming practices already produced relatively high yields.", "History of agriculture in the People's Republic of China __knowledge__ But little prime virgin land was available to support population growth and economic development.", "History of agriculture in the People's Republic of China __knowledge__ However, after a decline in production as a result of the Great Leap Forward (1958–60), agricultural reforms implemented in the 1980s increased yields and promised even greater future production from existing cultivated land.", "History of Missouri __knowledge__ The history of Missouri begins with settlement of the region by indigenous people during the Paleo-Indian period beginning in about 12,000 BC.", "History of Missouri __knowledge__ Subsequent periods of native life emerged until the 17th century.", "History of Missouri __knowledge__ New France set up small settlements, and in 1803 Napoleonic France sold the area to the U.S. as part of the Louisiana Purchase.", "History of Missouri __knowledge__ Statehood for Missouri came following a compromise in 1820 that allowed slavery.", "History of Missouri __knowledge__ Settlement was rapid after 1820, aided by a network of rivers navigable by steamboats, centered in the dominant city St. Louis.", "History of Missouri __knowledge__ It attracted European immigrants, especially Germans; the business community had a large Yankee element as well.", "Agriculture in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Agriculture in the United Kingdom uses 69% of the country's land area, employs 1.5% of its workforce (476,000 people) and contributes 0.62% of its gross value added (£9.9 billion).", "Agriculture in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The UK produces less than 60% of the food it eats.", "Agriculture in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Although agricultural activity occurs in most rural locations, it is concentrated in East Anglia (crops) and the South West (livestock).", "Agriculture in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Of the 212,000 farm holdings, there is a wide variation in size from under 20 to over 100 hectares.", "Agriculture in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Despite skilled farmers, high technology, fertile soil and subsidies, farm earnings are relatively low, mainly due to low prices at the farm gate." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Farmer __knowledge__ A farmer (also called an agriculturer) is a person engaged in agriculture, raising living organisms for food or raw materials.", "Farmer __knowledge__ The term usually applies to people who do some combination of raising field crops, orchards, vineyards, poultry, or other livestock.", "Farmer __knowledge__ A farmer might own the farmed land or might work as a laborer on land owned by others, but in advanced economies, a farmer is usually a farm owner, while employees of the farm are known as farm workers, or farmhands.", "Farmer __knowledge__ However, in the not so distant past, a farmer was a person who promotes or improves the growth of (a plant, crop, etc.)", "Farmer __knowledge__ by labor and attention, land or crops or raises animals (as livestock or fish).", "Farmer __knowledge__ Farming has been dated back as far as the Neolithic era.", "Farmer __knowledge__ By the Bronze Age, the Sumerians had an agriculture specialized labor force by 5000–4000 BCE, and heavily depended on irrigation to grow crops.", "Farmer __knowledge__ They relied on three-person teams when harvesting in the spring.", "Farmer __knowledge__ The Ancient Egypt farmers farmed and relied and irrigated their water from the Nile.", "Farmer __knowledge__ Animal husbandry, the practice of rearing animals specifically for farming purposes, has existed for thousands of years.", "Farmer __knowledge__ Dogs were domesticated in East Asia about 15,000 years ago.", "Barnett–Criss House __knowledge__ The Barnett–Criss House is an Italianate style house constructed on the much traveled National Road a few miles east of New Concord, Ohio.", "Barnett–Criss House __knowledge__ The house was placed on the National Register on 1978-12-08.", "Barnett–Criss House __knowledge__ Born in Westland Township, Oliver Barnett made himself one of the area's most important farmers following service in the Union Army during the Civil War.", "Barnett–Criss House __knowledge__ He and his wife arranged for the construction of the house in 1875, relying on contractors from Pittsburgh.", "Barnett–Criss House __knowledge__ Here they lived for fifteen years before selling the property to Elijah and Carrie Criss, another well-known farming couple.", "Barnett–Criss House __knowledge__ The rectangular house sits on top of a sandstone basement with water table separating house from basement.", "Laotian society __knowledge__ Laotian society is a society characterized by semi-independent rural villages engaged in subsistence agricultural production.", "Laotian society __knowledge__ Ethnic, geographic, and ecological differences create variations in the pattern of village life from one part of the country to another, but the common threads of village self reliance, limited regional trade and communication, and identification with one's village and ethnic group persist regardless of the setting.", "Laotian society __knowledge__ Rural trade networks, however, have been a part of life since the 1950s.", "Laotian society __knowledge__ Except near the larger towns and in the rich agricultural plains of Vientiane and Savannakhét, villages are spaced at least several kilometers apart and the intervening land variously developed as rice paddy and swidden fields or maintained as buffer forest for gathering wild plants and animals, fuelwood, and occasional timber harvest.", "Ancient Greek architecture __knowledge__ The architecture of ancient Greece is the architecture produced by the Greek-speaking people (\"Hellenic\" people) whose culture flourished on the Greek mainland, the Peloponnese, the Aegean Islands, and in colonies in Anatolia and Italy for a period from about 900 BC until the 1st century AD, with the earliest remaining architectural works dating from around 600 BC.", "Ancient Greek architecture __knowledge__ Ancient Greek architecture is best known from its temples, many of which are found throughout the region, mostly as ruins but many substantially intact.", "Ancient Greek architecture __knowledge__ The second important type of building that survives all over the Hellenic world is the open-air theatre, with the earliest dating from around 525-480 BC.", "Phat Beets Produce __knowledge__ Phat Beets Produce is an American non-profit food justice collective focusing on food justice in North Oakland, California, started by Max Cadji and Bret Brenner in 2007.", "Phat Beets Produce __knowledge__ Their programs include weekly farmer's markets (sourcing from local farmers of color), free produce stands, youth gardens, community supported agriculture programs (called the \"beet box\"), food and social justice workshops, and a kitchen and cafe cooperative.", "Phat Beets Produce __knowledge__ Cadji helps residents have access to nutritious food by coordinating between farmers, institutions, and low-income communities to utilize empty land for urban gardening.", "Phat Beets Produce __knowledge__ Their work addresses disadvantaged North Oakland residents, actively opposes the systematic forces of gentrification in the North Oakland Area, and stands in solidarity with criminal justice issues.", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ Flying Hawk (Oglala Lakota: \"Čhetáŋ Kiŋyáŋ\" in Standard Lakota Orthography; a/k/a Moses Flying Hawk; March 1854 – December 24, 1931) was an Oglala Lakota warrior, historian, educator and philosopher.", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ Flying Hawk's life chronicles the history of the Oglala Lakota people through the 19th and early 20th centuries, as he fought to deflect the worst effects of white rule; educate his people and preserve sacred Oglala Lakota land and heritage.", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ Chief Flying Hawk was a combatant in Red Cloud's War and in nearly all of the fights with the U.S. Army during the Great Sioux War of 1876.", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ He fought alongside his first cousin Crazy Horse and his brothers Kicking Bear and Black Fox II in the Battle of the Little Big Horn in 1876, and was present at the death of Crazy Horse in 1877 and the Wounded Knee Massacre of 1890.", "Sukkah __knowledge__ A or succah (; Sephardic Hebrew , plural, \"\"; \"sukkoth\", often translated as \"booth\") is a temporary hut constructed for use during the week-long Jewish festival of Sukkot.", "Sukkah __knowledge__ It is topped with branches and often well decorated with autumnal, harvest or Judaic themes.", "Sukkah __knowledge__ The Book of Vayikra (Leviticus) describes it as a symbolic wilderness shelter, commemorating the time God provided for the Israelites in the wilderness they inhabited after they were freed from slavery in Egypt.", "Sukkah __knowledge__ It is common for Jews to eat, sleep and otherwise spend time in the \"sukkah\".", "Sukkah __knowledge__ In Judaism, Sukkot is considered a joyous occasion and is referred to in Hebrew as \"Yom Simchateinu\" (the day of our rejoicing) or \"Z'man Simchateinu\" (the time of our rejoicing), and the sukkah itself symbolizes the frailty and transience of life and its dependence on God.", "Evolutionary psychology __knowledge__ Evolutionary psychology is a theoretical approach in the social and natural sciences that examines psychological structure from a modern evolutionary perspective.", "Evolutionary psychology __knowledge__ It seeks to identify which human psychological traits are evolved adaptations – that is, the functional products of natural selection or sexual selection in human evolution.", "Evolutionary psychology __knowledge__ Adaptationist thinking about physiological mechanisms, such as the heart, lungs, and immune system, is common in evolutionary biology.", "Evolutionary psychology __knowledge__ Some evolutionary psychologists apply the same thinking to psychology, arguing that the modularity of mind is similar to that of the body and with different modular adaptations serving different functions.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Yea ( ) is a town in Victoria, Australia north-east of Melbourne at the junction of the Goulburn Valley Highway and the Melba Highway, in the Shire of Murrindindi local government area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ In an area originally inhabited by the Taungurong people, it was first visited by Europeans of the Hume and Hovell expedition in 1824, and within 15 years most of the land in the area had been taken up by graziers.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Surveyed in 1855, the township grew as a service centre for grazing, gold-mining and timber-getting in the area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ The town has had a fairly stable population (around 1,100) since 1900, though it now has a relatively old population.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Lacy Walter Giles Yea (20 May 1808 – 18 June 1855) was a British Army colonel, known for his role in the Crimean War, where he was killed in action.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Born in Park Row, Bristol, on 20 May 1808, he was eldest son of Sir William Walter Yea, second baronet, of Pyrland, near Taunton, Somerset, who married, on 24 June 1805, Anne Heckstetter (d. 1846), youngest daughter of Colonel David Michel of Dulish House, Dorset.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Lacy Yea was educated at Eton College.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ He was commissioned as ensign in the 37th foot on 6 October 1825, obtained an unattached lieutenancy on 19 December 1826, was appointed to the 5th Foot on 13 March 1827, and exchanged to the 7th (Royal Fusiliers) on 13 March 1828.", "Häagen-Dazs __knowledge__ Häagen-Dazs is an American ice cream brand, established by Reuben and Rose Mattus in the Bronx, New York, in 1961.", "Häagen-Dazs __knowledge__ Starting with only three flavors: vanilla, chocolate, and coffee, the company opened its first retail store in Brooklyn, New York, on November 15, 1976.", "Häagen-Dazs __knowledge__ The business now has franchises throughout the United States and many other countries around the world including the United Kingdom, India, China, Lebanon and Brazil.", "Häagen-Dazs __knowledge__ The company also produces ice cream bars, ice cream cakes, sorbet, frozen yogurt, and gelato.", "Häagen-Dazs __knowledge__ Reuben Mattus invented the \"Häagen-Dazs\" name supposedly as a tribute to Denmark's exemplary treatment of its Jews during the Second World War, and included an outline map of Denmark on early labels.", "Agriculture in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Agriculture in the United Kingdom uses 69% of the country's land area, employs 1.5% of its workforce (476,000 people) and contributes 0.62% of its gross value added (£9.9 billion).", "Agriculture in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The UK produces less than 60% of the food it eats.", "Agriculture in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Although agricultural activity occurs in most rural locations, it is concentrated in East Anglia (crops) and the South West (livestock).", "Agriculture in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Of the 212,000 farm holdings, there is a wide variation in size from under 20 to over 100 hectares.", "Agriculture in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Despite skilled farmers, high technology, fertile soil and subsidies, farm earnings are relatively low, mainly due to low prices at the farm gate.", "Effects of global warming on human health __knowledge__ The effects of global warming include its gayon human health.", "Effects of global warming on human health __knowledge__ The observed and projected increased frequency and severity of climate related impacts will further exacerbate the effects on human health.", "Effects of global warming on human health __knowledge__ This article describes some of those effects on individuals and populations.", "Effects of global warming on human health __knowledge__ A good example of the impact of global warming on health can be seen in the disease Erythromelalgia.", "Effects of global warming on human health __knowledge__ This is a vascular disease that is commonly triggered by the involvement of change in temperature, which leads to syndromes including (first and second degree) burning pain, increased temperature, erythema and swelling, of mainly the hands and feet that are affected.", "Yea Big + Kid Static __knowledge__ Yea Big + Kid Static is a hip-hop duo formerly based out of Chicago, Illinois.", "Yea Big + Kid Static __knowledge__ The group's two members, Stefen Robinson and Moses Harris, Jr., have been working together since 2005.", "Yea Big + Kid Static __knowledge__ The duo of Yea Big + Kid Static was formed in late 2005 by Stefen Robinson (Yea Big) and Moses Harris, Jr. (Kid Static).", "Yea Big + Kid Static __knowledge__ Their work is a blend of sample-based experimental hip-hop, D.I.Y.", "Yea Big + Kid Static __knowledge__ punk, and roots music.", "Yea Big + Kid Static __knowledge__ Yea Big + Kid Static has toured with bands as diverse as The Mae Shi, Rapider Than Horsepower, Bark Bark Bark and Gentleman Auction House; and released a digital-only side project, \"Secretary\", with Brad Breeck (of The Mae Shi) and Andrea Cochran.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Urban agriculture, urban farming, or urban gardening is the practice of cultivating, processing, and distributing food in or around a village, town, or city.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Urban agriculture can also involve animal husbandry, aquaculture, agroforestry, urban beekeeping, and horticulture.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ These activities occur in peri-urban areas as well, and peri-urban agriculture may have different characteristics.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Urban agriculture can reflect varying levels of economic and social development.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ In the global north, it often takes the form of a social movement for sustainable communities, where organic growers, ‘foodies,’ and ‘locavores’ form social networks founded on a shared ethos of nature and community holism." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Farmer __knowledge__ A farmer (also called an agriculturer) is a person engaged in agriculture, raising living organisms for food or raw materials.", "Farmer __knowledge__ The term usually applies to people who do some combination of raising field crops, orchards, vineyards, poultry, or other livestock.", "Farmer __knowledge__ A farmer might own the farmed land or might work as a laborer on land owned by others, but in advanced economies, a farmer is usually a farm owner, while employees of the farm are known as farm workers, or farmhands.", "Farmer __knowledge__ However, in the not so distant past, a farmer was a person who promotes or improves the growth of (a plant, crop, etc.)", "Farmer __knowledge__ by labor and attention, land or crops or raises animals (as livestock or fish).", "Farmer __knowledge__ Farming has been dated back as far as the Neolithic era.", "Farmer __knowledge__ By the Bronze Age, the Sumerians had an agriculture specialized labor force by 5000–4000 BCE, and heavily depended on irrigation to grow crops.", "Farmer __knowledge__ They relied on three-person teams when harvesting in the spring.", "Farmer __knowledge__ The Ancient Egypt farmers farmed and relied and irrigated their water from the Nile.", "Farmer __knowledge__ Animal husbandry, the practice of rearing animals specifically for farming purposes, has existed for thousands of years.", "Farmer __knowledge__ Dogs were domesticated in East Asia about 15,000 years ago.", "Great Divergence __knowledge__ \"Great Divergence\" is a term made popular by Kenneth Pomeranz's book by that title, (also known as the European miracle, a term coined by Eric Jones in 1981) referring to the process by which the Western world (i.e.", "Great Divergence __knowledge__ Western Europe and the parts of the New World where its people became the dominant populations) overcame pre-modern growth constraints and emerged during the 19th century as the most powerful and wealthy world civilization, eclipsing Medieval India, Qing China, the Ottoman Empire, and Tokugawa Japan.", "Great Divergence __knowledge__ Scholars have proposed a wide variety of theories to explain why the Great Divergence happened, including geography, colonialism, resources, customary traditions, and socio-economics.", "Human overpopulation __knowledge__ Human overpopulation (or population overshoot) occurs when the ecological footprint of a human population in a specific geographical location exceeds the carrying capacity of the place occupied by that group.", "Human overpopulation __knowledge__ Overpopulation can further be viewed, in a long term perspective, as existing if a population cannot be maintained given the rapid depletion of non-renewable resources or given the degradation of the capacity of the environment to give support to the population.", "Human overpopulation __knowledge__ Changes in lifestyle could reverse overpopulated status without a large population reduction.", "Human overpopulation __knowledge__ The term \"human overpopulation\" refers to the relationship between the entire human population and its environment: the Earth, or to smaller geographical areas such as countries.", "Networked advocacy __knowledge__ Networked advocacy or net-centric advocacy refers to a specific type of advocacy.", "Networked advocacy __knowledge__ While networked advocacy has existed for centuries, it has become significantly more efficacious in recent years due in large part to the widespread availability of the internet, mobile telephones, and related communications technologies that enable users to overcome the transaction costs of collective action.", "Networked advocacy __knowledge__ The study of networked advocacy draws on interdisciplinary sources, including communication theory, political science, and sociology.", "Networked advocacy __knowledge__ Theories of networked advocacy have been heavily influenced by social movement literature, and refer to the preexisting networks used to create and support collective actions and advocacy as well as the networks that such actions and advocacy create.", "Ancient Rome __knowledge__ In historiography, ancient Rome refers to the Roman civilization from the founding of the city of Rome in the 8th century BC to the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD, encompassing the Roman Kingdom, Roman Republic and Roman Empire until the fall of the western empire.", "Ancient Rome __knowledge__ The term is sometimes used to just refer to the kingdom and republic periods, excluding the subsequent empire.", "Ancient Rome __knowledge__ The civilization began as an Italic settlement in the Italian peninsula, dating from the 8th century BC, that grew into the city of Rome and which subsequently gave its name to the empire over which it ruled and to the widespread civilisation the empire developed.", "History of Lisbon __knowledge__ The history of Lisbon, the capital city of Portugal, revolves around its strategic geographical position at the mouth of the Tagus, the longest river in the Iberian Peninsula.", "History of Lisbon __knowledge__ Its spacious and sheltered natural harbour made the city historically an important seaport for trade between the Mediterranean Sea and northern Europe.", "History of Lisbon __knowledge__ Lisbon has long enjoyed the commercial advantages of its proximity to southern and extreme western Europe, as well as to sub-Saharan Africa and the Americas, and today its waterfront is lined with miles of docks, wharfs, and drydock facilities that accommodate the largest oil tankers.", "History of Poland __knowledge__ The history of Poland originates in the migrations of Slavs who established permanent settlements in the Polish lands during the Early Middle Ages.", "History of Poland __knowledge__ The first ruling dynasty, the Piasts, emerged by the 10th century AD.", "History of Poland __knowledge__ Duke Mieszko I (d. 992) is considered the \"de facto\" creator of the Polish state and is widely recognized for the adoption of Western Christianity that followed his baptism in 966.", "History of Poland __knowledge__ Mieszko's duchy of Poland was formally reconstituted as a medieval kingdom in 1025 by his son Bolesław I the Brave, known for military expansion under his rule.", "History of Poland __knowledge__ Perhaps the most successful of the Piast kings was the last one, Casimir III the Great, who presided over a brilliant period of economic prosperity and territorial aggrandizement before his death in 1370 without male heirs.", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945) __knowledge__ The Blockade of Germany (1939–1945), also known as the Economic War, was carried out during World War II by the United Kingdom and France in order to restrict the supplies of minerals, metals, food and textiles needed by Nazi Germany - and later Fascist Italy - in order to sustain their war efforts.", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945) __knowledge__ The economic war consisted mainly of a naval blockade which formed part of the wider Battle of the Atlantic, and included the preclusive buying of war materials from neutral countries to prevent their sale to the enemy.", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945) __knowledge__ There were four distinct phases of the blockade.", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945) __knowledge__ The first period was from the beginning of European hostilities in September 1939 to the end of the \"Phoney War,\" during which the Allies and Axis Powers both intercepted neutral merchant ships to seize deliveries en route to the enemy.", "Liu Mengmei __knowledge__ Liu Mengmei (柳梦梅/柳夢梅) is the main fictionalized character within Tang Xianzu's play The Peony Pavilion, \"Liu\" meaning 'willow' and \"Mengmei\" 'dream of plum'.", "Liu Mengmei __knowledge__ Mengmei was a descendant to the reputed poet Liu Zongyuan, Prefect of Liuzhou during the Tang Dynasty period, and would be born into a family branch present within the District of Longnan.", "Liu Mengmei __knowledge__ His father respectively held the title of Doctor-at-Large; his mother: Lady of the County.", "Liu Mengmei __knowledge__ Having been orphaned at an early age and taken into the care of a gardener by the name of Camelback Guo, Mengmei rose from his place of residence by mid-adulthood, resolved to reach the capital prefecture of Guangzhou and complete the secondary examinations for political office.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Yea ( ) is a town in Victoria, Australia north-east of Melbourne at the junction of the Goulburn Valley Highway and the Melba Highway, in the Shire of Murrindindi local government area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ In an area originally inhabited by the Taungurong people, it was first visited by Europeans of the Hume and Hovell expedition in 1824, and within 15 years most of the land in the area had been taken up by graziers.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Surveyed in 1855, the township grew as a service centre for grazing, gold-mining and timber-getting in the area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ The town has had a fairly stable population (around 1,100) since 1900, though it now has a relatively old population.", "The Peony Pavilion __knowledge__ The Peony Pavilion (Chinese: 牡丹亭; pinyin: Mǔdān tíng; Wade–Giles: Mu-tan t'ing), also named \"The Return of Soul at the Peony Pavilion\", is a romantic tragicomedy play written by dramatist Tang Xianzu in 1598, and the plot was drawn from the short story \"Du Liniang Revives For Love.\"", "The Peony Pavilion __knowledge__ It depictes a love story between Du Liniang and Liu Mengmei, overcomes all difficulties, transcending time and space, life and death, and finally get together.", "The Peony Pavilion __knowledge__ Different from the short story, in Tang' s play, it is a dynamic integration of the legendary and the reality in Ming Dynasty.", "The Peony Pavilion __knowledge__ Scenes of love in dreams, Du Liniang's revival, or any supernatural element seem absurd in play, but it reflects the sprout of humanism, through protagonists' strong desire and unremitting pursuit of free love, and uncovers the degeneracy of the society under feudalism at that time.", "Organic farming __knowledge__ Organic farming is an alternative agricultural system which originated early in the 20th century in reaction to rapidly changing farming practices.", "Organic farming __knowledge__ Organic farming continues to be developed by various organic agriculture organizations today.", "Organic farming __knowledge__ It relies on fertilizers of organic origin such as compost manure, green manure, and bone meal and places emphasis on techniques such as crop rotation and companion planting.", "Organic farming __knowledge__ Biological pest control, mixed cropping and the fostering of insect predators are encouraged.", "Organic farming __knowledge__ In general, organic standards are designed to allow the use of naturally occurring substances while prohibiting or strictly limiting synthetic substances.", "Agriculture __knowledge__ Agriculture is the cultivation and breeding of animals, plants and fungi for food, fiber, biofuel, medicinal plants and other products used to sustain and enhance life.", "Agriculture __knowledge__ Agriculture was the key development in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created food surpluses that nurtured the development of civilization.", "Agriculture __knowledge__ The study of agriculture is known as agricultural science.", "Agriculture __knowledge__ The history of agriculture by humans dates back thousands of years, and its development has been driven and defined by greatly different climates, cultures, and technologies; industrial agriculture based on large-scale monoculture farming has become the dominant agricultural method.", "Agriculture in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Agriculture in the United Kingdom uses 69% of the country's land area, employs 1.5% of its workforce (476,000 people) and contributes 0.62% of its gross value added (£9.9 billion).", "Agriculture in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The UK produces less than 60% of the food it eats.", "Agriculture in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Although agricultural activity occurs in most rural locations, it is concentrated in East Anglia (crops) and the South West (livestock).", "Agriculture in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Of the 212,000 farm holdings, there is a wide variation in size from under 20 to over 100 hectares.", "Agriculture in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Despite skilled farmers, high technology, fertile soil and subsidies, farm earnings are relatively low, mainly due to low prices at the farm gate.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Urban agriculture, urban farming, or urban gardening is the practice of cultivating, processing, and distributing food in or around a village, town, or city.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Urban agriculture can also involve animal husbandry, aquaculture, agroforestry, urban beekeeping, and horticulture.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ These activities occur in peri-urban areas as well, and peri-urban agriculture may have different characteristics.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Urban agriculture can reflect varying levels of economic and social development.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ In the global north, it often takes the form of a social movement for sustainable communities, where organic growers, ‘foodies,’ and ‘locavores’ form social networks founded on a shared ethos of nature and community holism." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "farmers are people engaged in agriculture", "yea agriculture and farmers are quite common", "yea farming and farmers agriculture is super important to society", "yep farming and agriculture is a large scale system to keep us alive" ]

[ "Farmer", "Farmer", "Farmer", "Farmer" ]

[ "Christianity\nAre you a christian? I am, it is very popular!", "that is a lot of people, like a third of the world, holy cow!", "That is a pretty big number, I wonder if we are considered a majority here still", "that is interesting, I always knew it origninated from Judaism" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christianity is a Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the life, teachings, and miracles of Jesus of Nazareth, known by Christians as the Christ, or \"Messiah\", who is the focal point of the Christian faiths.", "Christianity __knowledge__ It is the world's largest religion, with over 2.4 billion followers, or 33% of the global population, known as Christians.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christians make up a majority of the population in 158 countries and territories.", "Christianity __knowledge__ They believe that Jesus is the Son of God and the savior of humanity whose coming as the Messiah (the Christ) was prophesied in the Old Testament.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christianity has played a prominent role in the shaping of Western civilization.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christianity grew out of Judaism and began as a Second Temple Judaic sect in the mid-1st century.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Originating in the Roman province of Judea, it quickly spread to Europe, Syria, Mesopotamia, Anatolia, Transcaucasia, Egypt, Ethiopia and the Indian subcontinent, and by the end of the 4th century had become the official state church of the Roman Empire.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Following the Age of Discovery, Christianity spread to the Americas, Oceania, sub-Saharan Africa and the rest of the world through missionary work and colonization.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christian theology is summarized in creeds such as the Apostles' Creed and the Nicene Creed.", "Christian metal __knowledge__ Christian metal, also known as white metal, Jesus metal or heavenly metal, is a form of heavy metal music usually defined by its message using song lyrics as well as the dedication of the band members to Christianity.", "Christian metal __knowledge__ Christian metal is typically performed by professed Christians principally for Christians who listen to heavy metal music and often produced and distributed through various Christian networks.", "Christian metal __knowledge__ Christian metal bands exist in most of the subgenres of heavy metal music, and the only common link among most Christian metal bands are the lyrics.", "Christian metal __knowledge__ The Christian themes are often melded with the subjects of the genre the band is rooted in, regularly providing a Christian take on the subject matter.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Christian theology is the theology of Christian belief and practice.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Such study concentrates primarily upon the texts of the Old Testament and of the New Testament, as well as on Christian tradition.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Christian theologians use biblical exegesis, rational analysis and argument.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Theologians may undertake Christian theology in order: or for a variety of other reasons.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Systematic theology as a discipline of Christian theology formulates an orderly, rational and coherent account of Christian faith and beliefs.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Systematic theology draws on the foundational sacred texts of Christianity, while simultaneously investigating the development of Christian doctrine over the course of history, particularly through philosophical evolution.", "Petra (band) __knowledge__ Petra is a music group regarded as a pioneer of the Christian rock and contemporary Christian music genres.", "Petra (band) __knowledge__ Formed in 1972, the band took its name from the Greek word for \"rock\".", "Petra (band) __knowledge__ Though it disbanded formally in 2006, incarnations have played reunion shows in the years since and released an album in November 2010.", "Petra (band) __knowledge__ In 2013, it reformed with a new drummer, Cristian Borneo, and recorded a new song titled \"Holy is Your Name\", before going back on tour.", "Petra (band) __knowledge__ With a style initially similar to The Eagles and Lynyrd Skynyrd, Petra's sound evolved into a more energetic, driving rock sound in the early 1980s akin to Foreigner, Styx and Journey.", "Christian Science __knowledge__ Christian Science is a set of beliefs and practices belonging to the metaphysical family of new religious movements.", "Christian Science __knowledge__ It was developed in 19th-century New England by Mary Baker Eddy, who argued in her 1875 book \"Science and Health\" that sickness is an illusion that can be corrected by prayer alone.", "Christian Science __knowledge__ The book became Christian Science's central text, along with the Bible, and by 2001 had sold over nine million copies.", "Christian Science __knowledge__ Eddy and 26 followers were granted a charter in 1879 to found the Church of Christ, Scientist, and in 1894 the Mother Church, The First Church of Christ, Scientist, was built in Boston, Massachusetts.", "Restoration Movement __knowledge__ The Restoration Movement (also known as the American Restoration Movement or the Stone-Campbell Movement, and pejoratively as Campbellism) is a Christian movement that began on the United States frontier during the Second Great Awakening (1790–1840) of the early 19th century.", "Restoration Movement __knowledge__ The pioneers of this movement were seeking to reform the church from within and sought \"the unification of all Christians in a single body patterned after the church of the New Testament.\"", "Restoration Movement __knowledge__ Especially since the mid-20th century, members of these churches do not identify as Protestant but simply as Christian.", "Restoration Movement __knowledge__ The Restoration Movement developed from several independent strands of religious revival that idealized early Christianity.", "Christian Clarke __knowledge__ Christian Clarke is a fictional character from the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\", portrayed by John Partridge.", "Christian Clarke __knowledge__ He first appeared in the show's 3,509th episode, originally broadcast in the United Kingdom on 17 January 2008, and was introduced as the brother of established character Jane Beale (Laurie Brett).", "Christian Clarke __knowledge__ He was introduced as a new homosexual character for the show, following the popularity of \"Coronation Street\" Sean Tully (Antony Cotton).", "Christian Clarke __knowledge__ Christian and Partridge's casting were announced on 20 November 2007.", "Christian Clarke __knowledge__ Christian's storylines have mostly revolved around his relationship with Syed Masood (Marc Elliott), but his other storylines have included a friendship with Roxy Mitchell (Rita Simons) and being involved in the coming out storylines of both Steven Beale (Aaron Sidwell) and Ben Mitchell (Joshua Pascoe)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christianity is a Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the life, teachings, and miracles of Jesus of Nazareth, known by Christians as the Christ, or \"Messiah\", who is the focal point of the Christian faiths.", "Christianity __knowledge__ It is the world's largest religion, with over 2.4 billion followers, or 33% of the global population, known as Christians.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christians make up a majority of the population in 158 countries and territories.", "Christianity __knowledge__ They believe that Jesus is the Son of God and the savior of humanity whose coming as the Messiah (the Christ) was prophesied in the Old Testament.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christianity has played a prominent role in the shaping of Western civilization.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christianity grew out of Judaism and began as a Second Temple Judaic sect in the mid-1st century.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Originating in the Roman province of Judea, it quickly spread to Europe, Syria, Mesopotamia, Anatolia, Transcaucasia, Egypt, Ethiopia and the Indian subcontinent, and by the end of the 4th century had become the official state church of the Roman Empire.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Following the Age of Discovery, Christianity spread to the Americas, Oceania, sub-Saharan Africa and the rest of the world through missionary work and colonization.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christian theology is summarized in creeds such as the Apostles' Creed and the Nicene Creed.", "Holy Cow Casino and Brewery __knowledge__ Holy Cow!", "Holy Cow Casino and Brewery __knowledge__ Casino and Brewery (formerly Foxy's Firehouse) was a locals casino and microbrewery on South Las Vegas Boulevard, north of the Las Vegas Strip, in Las Vegas, Nevada.", "Holy Cow Casino and Brewery __knowledge__ The property began in 1955 as Foxy's Deli, which operated until its closure in 1975.", "Holy Cow Casino and Brewery __knowledge__ A year later, the building was reopened as a casino named Foxy's Firehouse, which later closed in 1988.", "Holy Cow Casino and Brewery __knowledge__ Tom \"Big Dog\" Wiesner purchased the building and reopened it as the Holy Cow casino in 1992.", "Holy Cow Casino and Brewery __knowledge__ Wiesner added a microbrewery the following year, making the Holy Cow the first brewery to open in Las Vegas.", "Holy Cow Casino and Brewery __knowledge__ Wiesner persuaded the state to change its laws that had prohibited breweries from operating in Las Vegas.", "Phil Rizzuto __knowledge__ Philip Francis Rizzuto (September 25, 1917 – August 13, 2007), nicknamed \"The Scooter\", was an American Major League Baseball shortstop.", "Phil Rizzuto __knowledge__ He spent his entire 13-year baseball career with the New York Yankees (1941–1956), and was elected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame in 1994.", "Phil Rizzuto __knowledge__ A popular figure on a team dynasty that captured 10 AL titles and seven World Championships in his 13 seasons, Rizzuto holds numerous World Series records for shortstops.", "Phil Rizzuto __knowledge__ His best statistical season was 1950, when he was named the American League's Most Valuable Player.", "Phil Rizzuto __knowledge__ Despite this offensive peak, Rizzuto was a classic \"small ball\" player, noted for his strong defense in the infield.", "Harry Caray __knowledge__ Harry Caray (born Harry Christopher Carabina; March 1, 1914 – February 18, 1998) was an American sportscaster on radio and television.", "Harry Caray __knowledge__ He covered five Major League Baseball teams, beginning with 25 years of calling the games of the St. Louis Cardinals with two of these years also spent calling games for the St. Louis Browns.", "Harry Caray __knowledge__ After a year working for the Oakland Athletics and eleven years with the Chicago White Sox, Caray spent the last sixteen years of his career as the announcer for the Chicago Cubs.", "Harry Caray __knowledge__ Caray was born Harry Christopher Carabina to an Italian father and Romanian mother in St. Louis.", "Holy cow (expression) __knowledge__ \"Holy cow!\"", "Holy cow (expression) __knowledge__ (and similar) is an exclamation of surprise used mostly in the United States, Canada, Australia, and England.", "Holy cow (expression) __knowledge__ It is a minced oath or euphemism for \"Holy Christ!\"", "Holy cow (expression) __knowledge__ Holy Cow!", "Holy cow (expression) __knowledge__ dates to at least 1905.", "Holy cow (expression) __knowledge__ The earliest known appearance of the phrase was in a tongue-in-cheek letter to the editor: \"A lover of the cow writes to this column to protest against a certain variety of Hindu oath having to do with the vain use of the name of the milk producer.", "Holy cow (expression) __knowledge__ These profane exclamations, \"holy cow!\"", "Holy cow (expression) __knowledge__ and, \"By the stomach of the eternal cow!\"\"", "Holy cow (expression) __knowledge__ The phrase appears to have been adopted as a means to avoid penalties for using obscene or indecent language and may have been based on a general awareness of the holiness of cows in some religious traditions.", "Acharei Mot __knowledge__ Acharei Mot (also Aharei Mot, or Aharei Mos) (, Hebrew for \"after the death\") is the 29th weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading.", "Acharei Mot __knowledge__ It is the sixth weekly portion (, \"parashah\") in the Book of Leviticus, containing It is named after the fifth and sixth Hebrew words of the parashah, its first distinctive words: \"And the Lord spoke unto Moses, after the death of the two sons of Aaron, when they drew near before the Lord, and died\".", "Acharei Mot __knowledge__ A shorter version of the parashah's name is simply Acharei ()\",\" \"after.\"", "Acharei Mot __knowledge__ The parashah sets forth the law of the Yom Kippur ritual, centralized offerings, blood, and sexual practices.", "Chukat __knowledge__ Chukat, Hukath, or Chukkas ( — Hebrew for \"decree,\" the ninth word, and the first distinctive word, in the parashah) is the 39th weekly Torah portion (, \"parashah\") in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the sixth in the Book of Numbers.", "Chukat __knowledge__ The parashah sets out the laws of corpse contamination (\"tumat hamet\") and purification with the water of lustration prepared with the Red Cow (, \"parah adumah\", also called the “Red Heifer”), and reports the deaths of Miriam and Aaron, the failure of Moses at the Waters of Meribah, and the conquest of Arad, the Amorites, and Bashan.", "Chukat __knowledge__ The parashah constitutes .", "Ivana Las Vegas __knowledge__ Ivana Las Vegas was a proposed 73-floor, 923-foot condominium high-rise, named after Ivana Trump.", "Ivana Las Vegas __knowledge__ The project was initially announced in August 2004, as The Summit, and was to be constructed on the 2.17-acre site of the closed Holy Cow Casino and Brewery, located on the Las Vegas Strip in Las Vegas, Nevada.", "Ivana Las Vegas __knowledge__ Trump became involved with the project in June 2005, when it was renamed.", "Ivana Las Vegas __knowledge__ Ivana Las Vegas was to feature 945 condo units, including a $35 million penthouse.", "Ivana Las Vegas __knowledge__ The project would have begun construction in summer 2006, with a completion date of December 2008.", "Ivana Las Vegas __knowledge__ The property was put up for sale in December 2005, after the project had been cancelled because of rising construction costs.", "Culture of India __knowledge__ The culture of India refers collectively to the thousands of distinct and unique cultures of all religions and communities present in India.", "Culture of India __knowledge__ India's languages, religions, dance, music, architecture, food, and customs differs from place to place within the country.", "Culture of India __knowledge__ The Indian culture, often labeled as an amalgamation of several cultures, spans across the Indian subcontinent and has been influenced by a history that is several millenniums old.", "Culture of India __knowledge__ Many elements of India's diverse cultures, such as Indian religions, Indian philosophy and Indian cuisine, have a profound impact across the world.", "Culture of India __knowledge__ India has 29 states with different culture and civilizations and one of the most populated countries in the world.", "Religion in Asia __knowledge__ Asia is the largest and most populous continent, with a wide variety of religions, and was the birthplace of many religions such as Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism, , Islam, Jainism, Judaism, Shintoism, Sikhism, Taoism, and Zoroastranism.", "Religion in Asia __knowledge__ All major religious traditions are practiced in the region and new forms are constantly emerging.", "Religion in Asia __knowledge__ The largest religions in Asia are Islam and Hinduism, both with approx.", "Religion in Asia __knowledge__ 1.1 billion adherents.", "Religion in Asia __knowledge__ Dharmic religions are the predominant and oldest religions of Asia.", "Religion in Asia __knowledge__ Most of Asia's population follows Indian religions.", "Religion in Asia __knowledge__ All Indian religions originated in South Asia.", "Religion in Asia __knowledge__ These religions all have the concepts of dharma, karma, and reincarnation.", "Islam __knowledge__ Islam () is a universalizing Abrahamic monotheistic religion teaching that there is only one God (Allah) and that Muhammad is a messenger of God.", "Islam __knowledge__ It is the world's second-largest religion and the fastest-growing major religion in the world, with over 1.8 billion followers or 24.1% of the global population, known as Muslims.", "Islam __knowledge__ Muslims make up a majority of the population in 50 countries.", "Islam __knowledge__ Islam teaches that God is merciful, all-powerful, unique and has guided mankind through prophets, revealed scriptures and natural signs.", "Islam __knowledge__ The primary scriptures of Islam are the Quran, viewed by Muslims as the verbatim word of God, and the teachings and normative example (called the \"sunnah\", composed of accounts called \"hadith\") of Muhammad ( 570–8 June 632 CE).", "Religion in Germany __knowledge__ Christianity is the largest religion in Germany, at an estimated 58–59% of the country's population in 2016.", "Religion in Germany __knowledge__ The two largest churches of the country are the Roman Catholic Church and the Evangelical Church in Germany (EKD), a Protestant confederation of United Protestant (Lutheran & Reformed), Lutheran, and Reformed churches.", "Religion in Germany __knowledge__ Together, both churches claim 55% of the population in 2016, of which 28.6% belonged to the Catholic Church and 26.6% to the Evangelical Church.", "Religion in Germany __knowledge__ In 2016, the Orthodox Church constituted 2–2.7% of the population and other minor Christian churches, many of them being Evangelical Protestant, formed 1–1.5%.", "Christian __knowledge__ A Christian (, ) is a person who follows or adheres to Christianity, an Abrahamic, monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ.", "Christian __knowledge__ \"Christian\" derives from the Koine Greek word \"Christós\" (Χριστός), a translation of the Biblical Hebrew term \"mashiach\" (Biblical Hebrew: מָשִׁיחַ).", "Christian __knowledge__ While there are diverse interpretations of Christianity which sometimes conflict, they are united in believing that Jesus has a unique significance.", "Christian __knowledge__ The term \"Christian\" is also used as an adjective to describe anything associated with Christianity, or in a proverbial sense \"all that is noble, and good, and Christ-like.\"", "Growth of religion __knowledge__ Growth of religion is the spread of religions and the increase of religious adherents around the world.", "Growth of religion __knowledge__ The statistics are commonly measured by the absolute number of adherents, the percentage of the absolute growth per year, and the growth of the number of converts in the world.", "Growth of religion __knowledge__ Projections of future religious adherence are based on assumptions that trends, total fertility rates, life expectancy, political climate, conversion rates, secularization, etc will continue.", "Growth of religion __knowledge__ Such forecasts cannot be validated empirically and are contentious, but are useful for comparison.", "Growth of religion __knowledge__ Studies in the 21st century show that, in terms of percentage and worldwide spread, Islam is the fastest-growing religion in the world." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christianity is a Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the life, teachings, and miracles of Jesus of Nazareth, known by Christians as the Christ, or \"Messiah\", who is the focal point of the Christian faiths.", "Christianity __knowledge__ It is the world's largest religion, with over 2.4 billion followers, or 33% of the global population, known as Christians.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christians make up a majority of the population in 158 countries and territories.", "Christianity __knowledge__ They believe that Jesus is the Son of God and the savior of humanity whose coming as the Messiah (the Christ) was prophesied in the Old Testament.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christianity has played a prominent role in the shaping of Western civilization.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christianity grew out of Judaism and began as a Second Temple Judaic sect in the mid-1st century.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Originating in the Roman province of Judea, it quickly spread to Europe, Syria, Mesopotamia, Anatolia, Transcaucasia, Egypt, Ethiopia and the Indian subcontinent, and by the end of the 4th century had become the official state church of the Roman Empire.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Following the Age of Discovery, Christianity spread to the Americas, Oceania, sub-Saharan Africa and the rest of the world through missionary work and colonization.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christian theology is summarized in creeds such as the Apostles' Creed and the Nicene Creed.", "History of telephone numbers in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The telephone service in the United Kingdom was originally provided by private companies and local councils.", "History of telephone numbers in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ But by 1912–13 all except the telephone service of Kingston upon Hull and Guernsey had been bought out by the Post Office.", "History of telephone numbers in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The Post Office also operated telephone services in Jersey until 1923 and the Isle of Man until 1969 when the islands took over responsibility for their own postal and telephone services – although the Isle of Man system remained part of British Telecom until 1987.", "History of telephone numbers in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Post Office Telecommunications was reorganised in 1980–81 a s \"British Telecommunications\" (\"British Telecom\", or \"BT\"), and was the first major nationalised industry to be privatised by the Conservative government.", "Big Number Change __knowledge__ The Big Number Change addressed various issues with the telephone dialing plan in the United Kingdom, during the late-1990s and early-2000s.", "Big Number Change __knowledge__ The first was an update to a small number of geographic dialling codes in response to the rapid late-1990s growth of telecommunications and impending exhaustion of local numbers in several cities.", "Big Number Change __knowledge__ The change greatly expanded the pool of available numbers within those places while retaining 'local dialling' (the ability to dial local numbers directly, without needing to dial an area code first).", "Big Number Change __knowledge__ The change affected the dialling codes assigned to Cardiff, Coventry, London, Northern Ireland, Portsmouth and Southampton, culminating in a large switch on 22 April 2000.", "Wonder Woman (2017 film) __knowledge__ Wonder Woman is a 2017 American superhero film based on the DC Comics character of the same name, distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures.", "Wonder Woman (2017 film) __knowledge__ It is the fourth installment in the DC Extended Universe (DCEU).", "Wonder Woman (2017 film) __knowledge__ The film is directed by Patty Jenkins, with a screenplay by Allan Heinberg, from a story by Heinberg, Zack Snyder, and Jason Fuchs, and stars Gal Gadot as Diana Prince / Wonder Woman, alongside Chris Pine, Robin Wright, Danny Huston, David Thewlis, Connie Nielsen, and Elena Anaya.", "Wonder Woman (2017 film) __knowledge__ \"Wonder Woman\" is the second live action theatrical film featuring the titular character, following her debut in 2016's \"\".", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ Wonder Woman is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character is a founding member of the Justice League, goddess, and Ambassador-at-Large of the Amazon people.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character first appeared in \"All Star Comics\" #8 in October 1941 and first cover-dated on \"Sensation Comics\" #1, January 1942.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ In her homeland, the island nation of Themyscira, her official title is Princess Diana of Themyscira, Daughter of Hippolyta.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ When blending into the society outside of her homeland, she adopts her civilian identity Diana Prince.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character is also referred to by such epithets as the \"Amazing Amazon\", the \"Spirit of Truth\", \"Themyscira's Champion\", the \"God-killer\", and the \"Goddess of Love and War\".", "The Winds of Winter (Game of Thrones) __knowledge__ \"The Winds of Winter\" is the tenth and final episode of the sixth season of HBO's fantasy television series \"Game of Thrones\", and the sixtieth overall.", "The Winds of Winter (Game of Thrones) __knowledge__ It was written by series co-creators David Benioff and D. B. Weiss, and directed by Miguel Sapochnik.", "The Winds of Winter (Game of Thrones) __knowledge__ Cersei Lannister plots to destroy all her immediate enemies with one swift stroke; Arya Stark gets revenge; Jon Snow is declared King in the North by the lords of the Northern houses; Bran Stark learns that Jon is actually the son of Lyanna Stark; Samwell Tarly arrives at the Citadel; and Daenerys Targaryen begins heading to Westeros alongside Tyrion Lannister, her entire army, the Ironborn loyal to Yara Greyjoy, the Tyrells, the Sand Snakes, and her three dragons.", "Telephone numbers in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Telephone numbers in the United Kingdom are administered by the UK government's Office of Communications (Ofcom).", "Telephone numbers in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ For this purpose Ofcom established a telephone numbering plan, known as the \"National Telephone Numbering Plan\", which is the system for assigning telephone numbers to subscriber stations.", "Telephone numbers in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Since 28 April 2001, almost all geographic numbers and most non-geographic numbers have 9 or 10 national (significant) numbers after the \"0\" trunk code.", "Telephone numbers in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ All mobile telephone numbers have 10 national (significant) numbers after the \"0\" trunk code.", "Telephone numbers in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The overall structure of the UK's National Numbering Plan is: A short sample of geographic numbers, set out in the officially approved (Ofcom) number groups: In the United Kingdom, area codes are two, three, four, or, rarely, five digits long (after the initial zero).", "Zero Time __knowledge__ Zero Time is the debut album by British-American electronic music duo Tonto's Expanding Head Band, released on 15 June 1971 by Embryo Records.", "Zero Time __knowledge__ The members, Malcolm Cecil and Robert Margouleff, created the innovative TONTO (The Original New Trimbal Orchestra) multitimbral, polyphonic synth in 1969, a developed version of the Moog III synth and which remains one of the largest synthesisers in existence.", "Zero Time __knowledge__ The duo soon began producing their own music together on the synth with the intention to push the machine's abilities, and themselves, to the limit.", "Zero Time __knowledge__ Recording their compositions in New York, they approached TONTO with no pre-conceived notions and intended to make music intrinsic to the synthesiser.", "Azerbaijan __knowledge__ Azerbaijan ( ; , officially the Republic of Azerbaijan ( , is a country in the South Caucasus region of Eurasia at the crossroads of Eastern Europe and Western Asia.", "Azerbaijan __knowledge__ It is bound by the Caspian Sea to the east, Russia to the north, Georgia to the northwest, Armenia to the west and Iran to the south.", "Azerbaijan __knowledge__ The exclave of Nakhchivan is bound by Armenia to the north and east, Iran to the south and west, and has an 11 km long border with Turkey in the north west.", "Azerbaijan __knowledge__ The Azerbaijan Democratic Republic proclaimed its independence in 1918 and became the first democratic state in the Muslim-oriented world.", "Azerbaijan __knowledge__ The country was incorporated into the Soviet Union in 1920 as the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic.", "Israel __knowledge__ Israel (; ; ), officially the State of Israel, is a country in the Middle East, on the southeastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea and the northern shore of the Red Sea.", "Israel __knowledge__ It has land borders with Lebanon to the north, Syria to the northeast, Jordan on the east, the Palestinian territories of the West Bank and Gaza Strip to the east and west, respectively, and Egypt to the southwest.", "Israel __knowledge__ The country contains geographically diverse features within its relatively small area.", "Israel __knowledge__ Israel's economy and technology center is Tel Aviv, while its seat of government and proclaimed capital is Jerusalem, although the state's sovereignty over East Jerusalem is not recognised internationally.", "Yep Roc Records __knowledge__ Yep Roc Records is an American independent record label based in Hillsborough, North Carolina, and owned by Redeye Distribution.", "Yep Roc Records __knowledge__ Since 1997, the label has released albums from North Carolina and international artists, including Aoife O'Donovan, Chatham County Line, Dave Alvin, Gang of Four, Los Straitjackets, Nick Lowe, Paul Weller, Robyn Hitchcock, Ryan Adams, The Apples in Stereo, The Reverend Horton Heat, Mandolin Orange, and Tift Merritt.", "Yep Roc Records __knowledge__ Tor Hansen started the label in 1997, two years after moving to North Carolina to help manage a chain of record stores in the South.", "Yep Roc Records __knowledge__ In and around the musical hotbed of Chapel Hill, he encountered bands making good music but not really knowing how to get it out.", "Laurence Yep __knowledge__ Laurence Michael Yep (; born June 14, 1948) is a prolific Chinese-American writer, best known for children's books.", "Laurence Yep __knowledge__ In 2005, he received the biennial Laura Ingalls Wilder Medal for his career contribution to American children's literature.", "Laurence Yep __knowledge__ Yep was born in San Francisco to Yep Gim Lew (Thomas) and Franche.", "Laurence Yep __knowledge__ His older brother, Thomas, named him after studying a particular saint in a multicultural neighborhood that consisted of mostly African Americans.", "Laurence Yep __knowledge__ Growing up, he often felt torn between U.S. and Chinese culture, and expressed this in many of his books.", "Laurence Yep __knowledge__ A great deal of his work involves characters feeling alienated or not fitting into their surroundings and environment, something Yep has struggled with since childhood.", "Dragon (fantasy series) __knowledge__ The Dragon series is a tetralogy of fantasy novels by Chinese American author Laurence Yep.", "Dragon (fantasy series) __knowledge__ Yep had already written several books including the Newbery Honor novel \"Dragonwings\" by 1980, when, after undertaking careful research, he decided to adapt Chinese mythology into a fantasy form, something he had always wanted to do since he had sold his first science fiction story at 18.", "Dragon (fantasy series) __knowledge__ He \"tried to stay true to the spirit\" of these myths, but did not try \"to keep their exact details\".", "Dragon (fantasy series) __knowledge__ The \"perfect vehicle\" he chose was a folktale in which the Monkey King captured a river spirit who had flooded an entire city, which he at first tried to conceive in picture book form.", "Where It's At (Yep, Yep) __knowledge__ \"Where It's At (Yep, Yep)\" (also known as \"Where It's At\" in its short title) is a song recorded by American country music artist Dustin Lynch.", "Where It's At (Yep, Yep) __knowledge__ It was released in March 2014 as the first single from his second studio album.", "Where It's At (Yep, Yep) __knowledge__ The album, \"Where It's At\", was released on September 9, 2014.", "Where It's At (Yep, Yep) __knowledge__ The song was written by Cary Barlowe, Zach Crowell and Matt Jenkins.", "Where It's At (Yep, Yep) __knowledge__ The song garnered positive reviews from critics who praised its upbeat instrumentals and Lynch's vocal performance.", "Where It's At (Yep, Yep) __knowledge__ \"Where It's At (Yep Yep)\" was Lynch's first number-one single on the \"Billboard\" Country Airplay chart.", "Where It's At (Yep, Yep) __knowledge__ It also charted at numbers 4 and 42 on both the Hot Country Songs and Hot 100 charts respectively." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christianity is a Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the life, teachings, and miracles of Jesus of Nazareth, known by Christians as the Christ, or \"Messiah\", who is the focal point of the Christian faiths.", "Christianity __knowledge__ It is the world's largest religion, with over 2.4 billion followers, or 33% of the global population, known as Christians.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christians make up a majority of the population in 158 countries and territories.", "Christianity __knowledge__ They believe that Jesus is the Son of God and the savior of humanity whose coming as the Messiah (the Christ) was prophesied in the Old Testament.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christianity has played a prominent role in the shaping of Western civilization.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christianity grew out of Judaism and began as a Second Temple Judaic sect in the mid-1st century.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Originating in the Roman province of Judea, it quickly spread to Europe, Syria, Mesopotamia, Anatolia, Transcaucasia, Egypt, Ethiopia and the Indian subcontinent, and by the end of the 4th century had become the official state church of the Roman Empire.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Following the Age of Discovery, Christianity spread to the Americas, Oceania, sub-Saharan Africa and the rest of the world through missionary work and colonization.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christian theology is summarized in creeds such as the Apostles' Creed and the Nicene Creed.", "Petrus Alphonsi __knowledge__ Petrus Alphonsi was a Jewish Spanish physician, writer, astronomer, and polemicist, who converted to Christianity in 1106.", "Petrus Alphonsi __knowledge__ He is also known just as Alphonsi, and as Peter Alfonsi or Peter Alphonso and was born Moses Sephardi).", "Petrus Alphonsi __knowledge__ Born in Islamic Spain, he mostly lived in England and France after his conversion.", "Petrus Alphonsi __knowledge__ He was born at an unknown date and place in the 11th century in Spain, and educated in al-Andalus, or Islamic Spain, largely the same as modern Andalucia.", "Petrus Alphonsi __knowledge__ As he describes himself, he was baptised at Huesca, capital of the Kingdom of Aragon, on St. Peter's Day, 29 June 1106, when he was probably approaching middle age; this is the first clear date we have in his biography.", "Judaism __knowledge__ Judaism (originally from Hebrew , \"Yehudah\", \"Judah\"; via Latin and Greek) is an ancient, monotheistic, Abrahamic religion with the Torah as its foundational text.", "Judaism __knowledge__ It encompasses the religion, philosophy and culture of the Jewish people.", "Judaism __knowledge__ Judaism is considered by religious Jews to be the expression of the covenant that God established with the Children of Israel.", "Judaism __knowledge__ Judaism includes a wide corpus of texts, practices, theological positions, and forms of organization.", "Judaism __knowledge__ The Torah is part of the larger text known as the Tanakh or the Hebrew Bible, and supplemental oral tradition represented by later texts such as the Midrash and the Talmud.", "Jewish principles of faith __knowledge__ There is no established formulation of principles of faith that are recognized by all branches of Judaism.", "Jewish principles of faith __knowledge__ Central authority in Judaism is not vested in any one person or group - although the Sanhedrin, the supreme Jewish religious court, would fulfill this role when it is re-established - but rather in Judaism's sacred writings, laws, and traditions.", "Jewish principles of faith __knowledge__ The various principles of faith that have been enumerated over the centuries carry no weight other than that imparted to them by the fame and scholarship of their respective authors.", "Jewish principles of faith __knowledge__ Judaism affirms the existence and uniqueness of God and stresses performance of deeds or commandments alongside adherence to a strict belief system.", "Religion and sexuality __knowledge__ Each major religion has developed moral codes covering issues of sexuality, morality, ethics etc.", "Religion and sexuality __knowledge__ These moral codes seek to regulate the situations which can give rise to sexual interest and to influence people's sexual activities and practices.", "Religion and sexuality __knowledge__ Sexual morality has varied greatly over time and between cultures.", "Religion and sexuality __knowledge__ A society's sexual norms—standards of sexual conduct—can be linked to religious beliefs, or social and environmental conditions, or all of these.", "Religion and sexuality __knowledge__ Sexuality and reproduction are fundamental elements in human interaction and society worldwide.", "Religion and sexuality __knowledge__ Furthermore, \"sexual restrictions\" is one of the universals of culture peculiar to all human societies.", "Who is a Jew? __knowledge__ \"Who is a Jew?\"", "Who is a Jew? __knowledge__ ( ) is a basic question about Jewish identity and considerations of Jewish self-identification.", "Who is a Jew? __knowledge__ The question is based on ideas about Jewish personhood, which have cultural, ethnic religious, political, genealogical, and personal dimensions.", "Who is a Jew? __knowledge__ Orthodox Judaism and Conservative Judaism follow the Halakha, deeming a person to be Jewish if their mother is Jewish or they underwent a proper conversion.", "Who is a Jew? __knowledge__ Reform Judaism and Reconstructionist Judaism accept both matrilineal and patrilineal descent.", "Who is a Jew? __knowledge__ Karaite Judaism predominantly follows patrilineal descent.", "Who is a Jew? __knowledge__ Jewish identity is also commonly defined through ethnicity.", "Reform Judaism __knowledge__ Reform Judaism (also known as Liberal Judaism or Progressive Judaism) is a major Jewish denomination that emphasizes the evolving nature of the faith, the superiority of its ethical aspects to the ceremonial ones, and a belief in a continuous revelation not centered on the theophany at Mount Sinai.", "Reform Judaism __knowledge__ A liberal strand of Judaism, it is characterized by a lesser stress on ritual and personal observance, regarding Jewish Law as non-binding and the individual Jew as autonomous, and openness to external influences and progressive values.", "Reform Judaism __knowledge__ The origins of Reform Judaism lay in 19th-century Germany, where its early principles were formulated by Rabbi Abraham Geiger and his associates; since the 1970s, the movement adopted a policy of inclusiveness and acceptance, inviting as many as possible to partake in its communities, rather than strict theoretical clarity.", "Messianic Judaism __knowledge__ Messianic Judaism is a modern syncretic religious movement that combines Christianity—most importantly, the Christian belief that Jesus is the Messiah—with elements of Judaism and Jewish tradition, its current form emerging in the 1960s and 1970s.", "Messianic Judaism __knowledge__ Messianic Judaism believes that Jesus is the Jewish Messiah and \"God the Son\" (one person of the Trinity), and that the Hebrew Bible, Old Testament, and New Testament are all authoritative scriptures.", "Messianic Judaism __knowledge__ Salvation in Messianic Judaism is achieved only through acceptance of Jesus as one's savior, and Jewish laws or customs which are followed do not contribute to salvation.", "Bar Kokhba revolt __knowledge__ The Bar Kokhba revolt (; \"Mered Bar Kokhba\") was a rebellion of the Jews of the Roman province of Judea, led by Simon bar Kokhba, against the Roman Empire.", "Bar Kokhba revolt __knowledge__ Fought circa 132–136 CE, it was the last of three major Jewish–Roman wars, so it is also known as The Third Jewish–Roman War or The Third Jewish Revolt.", "Bar Kokhba revolt __knowledge__ Some historians also refer to it as the Second Revolt of Judea, not counting the Kitos War (115–117 CE), which had only marginally been fought in Judea.", "Bar Kokhba revolt __knowledge__ The revolt erupted as a result of ongoing religious and political tensions in Judea following on the failure of the First Revolt in 66−73 CE.", "History of Palestine __knowledge__ The history of Palestine is the study of the past in the region of Palestine, generally defined as a geographic region in the Southern Levant between the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River (where Israel and Palestine are today), and various adjoining lands.", "History of Palestine __knowledge__ Situated at a strategic point between Europe, Asia, and Africa, and the birthplace of Judaism and Christianity, the region has a long and tumultuous history as a crossroads for religion, culture, commerce, and politics.", "History of Palestine __knowledge__ The Palestine region or parts of it have been controlled by numerous different peoples and regional powers, including the Canaanites, Amorites, Ancient Egyptians, Israelites, Moabites, Ammonites, Tjeker, Philistines, Assyrians, Babylonians, Persians, ancient Greeks, Romans, Byzantines, different dynasties of the Early Muslim period (Umayads, Abbasids, Seljuqs, Fatimids), Crusaders, Late Muslim dynasties (Ayyubids, Mamluks, Ottoman Turks), the British, Jordanians (1948–1967, on the \"West Bank\") and Egyptians (in Gaza), and modern Israelis and Palestinians.", "Pompey __knowledge__ Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus (; 29 September 106 BC – 28 September 48 BC), usually known in English as Pompey or Pompey the Great, was a military and political leader of the late Roman Republic.", "Pompey __knowledge__ He came from a wealthy Italian provincial background, and his father had been the first to establish the family among the Roman nobility.", "Pompey __knowledge__ Pompey's immense success as a general while still very young enabled him to advance directly to his first consulship without meeting the normal requirements for office.", "Pompey __knowledge__ His success as a military commander in Sulla's second civil war resulted in Sulla bestowing the nickname \"Magnus\", \"the Great\", upon him.", "Hellenistic period __knowledge__ The Hellenistic period covers the period of Mediterranean history between the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC and the emergence of the Roman Empire as signified by the Battle of Actium in 31 BC and the subsequent conquest of Ptolemaic Egypt the following year.", "Hellenistic period __knowledge__ The Ancient Greek word Hellas (Ἑλλάς, Ellás) is the original word for Greece, which the word Hellenistic was derived from.", "Hellenistic period __knowledge__ At this time, Greek cultural influence and power was at its peak in Europe, North Africa and Western Asia, experiencing prosperity and progress in the arts, exploration, literature, theatre, architecture, music, mathematics, philosophy, and science.", "History of Israel __knowledge__ Modern Israel is roughly located on the site of the ancient kingdoms of Israel and Judah.", "History of Israel __knowledge__ The area (also known as Land of Israel and as Palestine) is the birthplace of the Hebrew language, the place that the Hebrew Bible was composed and the birthplace of Judaism and Christianity.", "History of Israel __knowledge__ It contains sites sacred to Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Samaritanism, Druze and the Bahá'í Faith.", "History of Israel __knowledge__ The Land of Israel has come under the sway of various empires and has been home to a variety of ethnicities, but was predominantly Jewish from roughly 1,000 years before the Common Era (BCE) until the 3rd century of the Common Era (CE).", "Jewish history __knowledge__ Jewish history is the history of the Jews, and their religion and culture, as it developed and interacted with other peoples, religions and cultures.", "Jewish history __knowledge__ Although Judaism as a religion first appears in Greek records during the Hellenistic period (323 BCE – 31 BCE) and the earliest mention of Israel is inscribed on the Merneptah Stele dated 1213–1203 BCE, religious literature tells the story of Israelites going back at least as far as c. 1500 BCE.", "Jewish history __knowledge__ The Jewish diaspora began with the Assyrian conquest and continued on a much larger scale with the Babylonian conquest.", "Jewish history __knowledge__ Jews were also widespread throughout the Roman Empire, and this carried on to a lesser extent in the period of Byzantine rule in the central and eastern Mediterranean." ] ]

[ 2, 3, 7, 7 ]

[ "Yes I am too. It is the world's largest religion and has over 2.4 billion followers.", "Yep! We make up the majority of the population in 158 countries and territories.", "Christianity originated in the Roman province of Judea and quickly spread through Europe.", "By the end of the 4th century it had become the official state church of the Roman Empire" ]

[ "Christianity", "Christianity", "Christianity", "Christianity" ]

[ "Dieting", "What do you mean by the word dieting?", "Is it just any food?", "Why the need for dieting?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dieting __knowledge__ Dieting is the practice of eating food in a regulated and supervised fashion to decrease, maintain, or increase body weight.", "Dieting __knowledge__ In other words, it is conscious control or restriction of the diet.", "Dieting __knowledge__ A restricted diet is often used by those who are overweight or obese, sometimes in combination with physical exercise, to reduce body weight.", "Dieting __knowledge__ Some people follow a diet to gain weight (usually in the form of muscle).", "Dieting __knowledge__ Diets can also be used to maintain a stable body weight and improve health.", "Dieting __knowledge__ In particular, diets can be designed to prevent or treat diabetes.", "Dieting __knowledge__ Diets to promote weight loss can be categorized as: low-fat, low-carbohydrate, low-calorie, very low calorie and more recently flexible dieting.", "Dieting __knowledge__ A meta-analysis of six randomized controlled trials found no difference between low-calorie, low-carbohydrate, and low-fat diets, with a 2–4 kilogram weight loss over 12–18 months in all studies.", "Dieting __knowledge__ At two years, all calorie-reduced diet types cause equal weight loss irrespective of the macronutrients emphasized.", "Dieting __knowledge__ In general, the most effective diet is any which reduces calorie consumption.", "Dieting __knowledge__ A study published in \"American Psychologist\" found that short-term dieting involving \"severe restriction of calorie intake\" does not lead to \"sustained improvements in weight and health for the majority of individuals\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dieting __knowledge__ Dieting is the practice of eating food in a regulated and supervised fashion to decrease, maintain, or increase body weight.", "Dieting __knowledge__ In other words, it is conscious control or restriction of the diet.", "Dieting __knowledge__ A restricted diet is often used by those who are overweight or obese, sometimes in combination with physical exercise, to reduce body weight.", "Dieting __knowledge__ Some people follow a diet to gain weight (usually in the form of muscle).", "Dieting __knowledge__ Diets can also be used to maintain a stable body weight and improve health.", "Dieting __knowledge__ In particular, diets can be designed to prevent or treat diabetes.", "Dieting __knowledge__ Diets to promote weight loss can be categorized as: low-fat, low-carbohydrate, low-calorie, very low calorie and more recently flexible dieting.", "Dieting __knowledge__ A meta-analysis of six randomized controlled trials found no difference between low-calorie, low-carbohydrate, and low-fat diets, with a 2–4 kilogram weight loss over 12–18 months in all studies.", "Dieting __knowledge__ At two years, all calorie-reduced diet types cause equal weight loss irrespective of the macronutrients emphasized.", "Dieting __knowledge__ In general, the most effective diet is any which reduces calorie consumption.", "Dieting __knowledge__ A study published in \"American Psychologist\" found that short-term dieting involving \"severe restriction of calorie intake\" does not lead to \"sustained improvements in weight and health for the majority of individuals\".", "Body image __knowledge__ Body image is a person's perception of the aesthetics or sexual attractiveness of their own body.", "Body image __knowledge__ The phrase \"body image\" was first coined by the Austrian neurologist and psychoanalyst Paul Schilder in his book \"The Image and Appearance of the Human Body\" (1935).", "Body image __knowledge__ Human society has at all times placed great value on beauty of the human body, but a person's perception of their own body may not correspond to society's standards.", "Body image __knowledge__ The concept of body image is used in a number of disciplines, including psychology, medicine, psychiatry, psychoanalysis, philosophy and cultural and feminist studies.", "Body image __knowledge__ The term is also often used in the media.", "1995 U.S. Cup __knowledge__ The 1995 U.S. Cup was a four nation invitational tournament organized by the United States Soccer Federation (USSF) in June 1995.", "1995 U.S. Cup __knowledge__ USSF began the U.S. Cup in 1992 and it was played annually until 2000, except for the World Cup years of 1994 and 1998.", "1995 U.S. Cup __knowledge__ The cup used a round-robin format in which the team with the highest number of points took the title.", "1995 U.S. Cup __knowledge__ The four teams included the host United States, along with Mexico, Colombia and Nigeria.", "1995 U.S. Cup __knowledge__ This was the first year that these three invited teams participated in a U.S. Cup.", "1995 U.S. Cup __knowledge__ The U.S. won the title for the second time this year.", "1995 U.S. Cup __knowledge__ Both teams had new coaches coming into the game.", "Yo-yo effect __knowledge__ Yo-yo dieting or yo-yo effect, also known as weight cycling, is a term coined by Kelly D. Brownell at Yale University, in reference to the cyclical loss and gain of weight, resembling the up-down motion of a yo-yo.", "Yo-yo effect __knowledge__ In this process, the dieter is initially successful in the pursuit of weight loss but is unsuccessful in maintaining the loss long-term and begins to gain the weight back.", "Yo-yo effect __knowledge__ The dieter then seeks to lose the regained weight, and the cycle begins again.", "Yo-yo effect __knowledge__ The reasons for yo-yo dieting are varied but often include embarking upon a hypocaloric diet that was initially too extreme.", "Yo-yo effect __knowledge__ At first the dieter may experience elation at the thought of weight loss and pride in their rejection of food.", "Binge eating disorder __knowledge__ Binge eating disorder (BED) is an eating disorder characterized by frequent and recurrent binge eating episodes with associated negative psychological and social problems, but without subsequent purging episodes (e.g.", "Binge eating disorder __knowledge__ vomiting).", "Binge eating disorder __knowledge__ BED is a recently described condition, which was required to distinguish binge eating similar to that seen in bulimia nervosa but without characteristic purging.", "Binge eating disorder __knowledge__ Individuals who are diagnosed with bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder exhibit similar patterns of compulsive overeating, neurobiological features of dysfunctional cognitive control and food addiction, and biological and environmental risk factors.", "Eating disorder __knowledge__ An eating disorder is a mental disorder defined by abnormal eating habits that negatively affect a person's physical or mental health.", "Eating disorder __knowledge__ They include binge eating disorder where people eat a large amount in a short period of time, anorexia nervosa where people eat very little and thus have a low body weight, bulimia nervosa where people eat a lot and then try to rid themselves of the food, pica where people eat non-food items, rumination disorder where people regurgitate food, avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder where people have a lack of interest in food, and a group of other specified feeding or eating disorders.", "Lulu Hunt Peters __knowledge__ Lulu Hunt Peters (1873–1930) was an American doctor and author who wrote a featured newspaper column entitled \"Diet and Health\", which she followed up with a best-selling book, \"Diet & Health: With Key to the Calories\".", "Lulu Hunt Peters __knowledge__ She was the first person to widely popularize the concept of counting calories as a method of weight loss.", "Lulu Hunt Peters __knowledge__ It was also the first weight-loss book to become a bestseller.", "Lulu Hunt Peters __knowledge__ Peters was born in Milford, Maine and attended the Maine State Normal School in Castine, Maine before moving to California.", "Lulu Hunt Peters __knowledge__ She attended the University of California, Berkeley and graduated in 1909 as a Doctor of Medicine.", "Social media __knowledge__ Social media are computer-mediated technologies that facilitate the creation and sharing of information, ideas, career interests and other forms of expression via virtual communities and networks.", "Social media __knowledge__ The variety of stand-alone and built-in social media services currently available introduces challenges of definition; however, there are some common features: Users typically access social media services via web-based technologies on desktop, computers, and laptops, or download services that offer social media functionality to their mobile devices (e.g., smartphones and tablet computers).", "Social media __knowledge__ When engaging with these services, users can create highly interactive platforms through which individuals, communities and organizations can share, co-create, discuss, and modify user-generated content or pre-made content posted online.", "Health at Every Size __knowledge__ Health at Every Size (HAES) is a website and a social movement whose purpose is to encourage bodily acceptance and self confidence with one's body, often by the rejection of weight loss.", "Health at Every Size __knowledge__ Proponents aim to improve the standard of living for people who are overweight or obese by promoting healthy lifestyles and anti-discrimination efforts.", "Health at Every Size __knowledge__ Although evidence links obesity and being overweight to a number of health problems, HAES advocates argue that traditional interventions focused on weight loss, such as dieting, do not reliably produce positive health outcomes.", "Health at Every Size __knowledge__ The benefits of lifestyle interventions such as nutritious eating and exercise are presumed to be real, but independent of any weight loss they may cause." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dieting __knowledge__ Dieting is the practice of eating food in a regulated and supervised fashion to decrease, maintain, or increase body weight.", "Dieting __knowledge__ In other words, it is conscious control or restriction of the diet.", "Dieting __knowledge__ A restricted diet is often used by those who are overweight or obese, sometimes in combination with physical exercise, to reduce body weight.", "Dieting __knowledge__ Some people follow a diet to gain weight (usually in the form of muscle).", "Dieting __knowledge__ Diets can also be used to maintain a stable body weight and improve health.", "Dieting __knowledge__ In particular, diets can be designed to prevent or treat diabetes.", "Dieting __knowledge__ Diets to promote weight loss can be categorized as: low-fat, low-carbohydrate, low-calorie, very low calorie and more recently flexible dieting.", "Dieting __knowledge__ A meta-analysis of six randomized controlled trials found no difference between low-calorie, low-carbohydrate, and low-fat diets, with a 2–4 kilogram weight loss over 12–18 months in all studies.", "Dieting __knowledge__ At two years, all calorie-reduced diet types cause equal weight loss irrespective of the macronutrients emphasized.", "Dieting __knowledge__ In general, the most effective diet is any which reduces calorie consumption.", "Dieting __knowledge__ A study published in \"American Psychologist\" found that short-term dieting involving \"severe restriction of calorie intake\" does not lead to \"sustained improvements in weight and health for the majority of individuals\".", "Food security __knowledge__ Food security is a condition related to the supply of food, and individuals' access to it.", "Food security __knowledge__ There is evidence of granaries being in use over 10,000 years ago, with central authorities in civilizations including ancient China and ancient Egypt being known to release food from storage in times of famine.", "Food security __knowledge__ At the 1974 World Food Conference the term \"food security\" was defined with an emphasis on supply.", "Food security __knowledge__ Food security, they said, is the \"availability at all times of adequate world food supplies of basic foodstuffs to sustain a steady expansion of food consumption and to offset fluctuations in production and prices\".", "Food bank __knowledge__ A food bank or foodbank is a non-profit, charitable organization that distributes food to those who have difficulty purchasing enough food to avoid hunger.", "Food bank __knowledge__ In North America and Australia, food banks usually operate on the \"warehouse\" model.", "Food bank __knowledge__ They act as food storage and distribution depots for smaller front line agencies; and usually do not themselves give out food directly to the hungry.", "Food bank __knowledge__ After the food is collected, sorted, and reviewed for quality, these food banks distribute it to non-profit community or government agencies, including \"food pantries\", \"food closets\", soup kitchens, homeless shelters, orphanages, and schools.", "Food safety __knowledge__ \"Food safety is a scientific discipline describing handling, preparation, and storage of food in ways that prevent food-borne illness.", "Food safety __knowledge__ The occurrence of two or more cases of a similar illnesses resulting from the ingestion of a common food is known as a Food-borne disease outbreak.", "Food safety __knowledge__ This includes a number of routines that should be followed to avoid potential health hazards.", "Food safety __knowledge__ In this way food safety often overlaps with food defense to prevent harm to consumers.", "Food safety __knowledge__ The tracks within this line of thought are safety between industry and the market and then between the market and the consumer.", "Food safety __knowledge__ In considering industry to market practices, food safety considerations include the origins of food including the practices relating to food labeling, food hygiene, food additives and pesticide residues, as well as policies on biotechnology and food and guidelines for the management of governmental import and export inspection and certification systems for foods.", "Food desert __knowledge__ A food desert is an area, especially one with low-income residents, that has limited access to affordable and nutritious food.", "Food desert __knowledge__ In contrast, an area with supermarkets or vegetable shops is termed a food oasis.", "Food desert __knowledge__ The term food desert considers the type and quality of food available to the population, in addition to the number, nature, and size of food stores that are accessible.", "Food desert __knowledge__ Food deserts are characterized by a lack of supermarkets which decreases residents’ access to fruits, vegetables and other whole foods.", "Food desert __knowledge__ In 2010, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) reported that 18 million Americans live in a food desert, meaning that they live more than one mile from a supermarket in urban or suburban areas, and more than 10 miles from a supermarket in rural areas.", "Hunger in the United States __knowledge__ Hunger in the United States is an issue that affects millions of Americans, including some who are middle class, or who are in households where all adults are in work.", "Hunger in the United States __knowledge__ Research from the USDA found that 14.9% of American households were food insecure during at least some of 2011, with 5.7% suffering from very low food security.", "Hunger in the United States __knowledge__ Journalists and charity workers have reported further increased demand for emergency food aid during 2012 and 2013.", "Hunger in the United States __knowledge__ The United States produces far more food than it needs for domestic consumption - hunger within the U.S. is caused by some Americans having insufficient money to buy food for themselves or their families.", "Food trucks in South Korea __knowledge__ A food truck is a small truck that operates as a restaurant.", "Food trucks in South Korea __knowledge__ The height of the cooking area shall be less than 1.5 m (1.2 m) and the area shall be not less than 0.5 m*m and not more than 0.5 m*m. A food truck is a large vehicle equipped to cook and sell food.", "Food trucks in South Korea __knowledge__ Some, including ice cream trucks, sell frozen or prepackaged food; others have on-board kitchens and prepare food from scratch.", "Food trucks in South Korea __knowledge__ Sandwiches, hamburgers, french fries, and other regional fast food fare is common.", "Food trucks in South Korea __knowledge__ In recent years, associated with the pop-up restaurant phenomenon, food trucks offering gourmet cuisine and a variety of specialties and ethnic menus, have become particularly popular.", "Food __knowledge__ Food is any substance consumed to provide nutritional support for an organism.", "Food __knowledge__ It is usually of plant or animal origin, and contains essential nutrients, such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, or minerals.", "Food __knowledge__ The substance is ingested by an organism and assimilated by the organism's cells to provide energy, maintain life, or stimulate growth.", "Food __knowledge__ Historically, humans secured food through two methods: hunting and gathering and agriculture.", "Food __knowledge__ Today, the majority of the food energy required by the ever increasing population of the world is supplied by the food industry.", "Food __knowledge__ Food safety and food security are monitored by agencies like the International Association for Food Protection, World Resources Institute, World Food Programme, Food and Agriculture Organization, and International Food Information Council.", "Trans fat __knowledge__ Trans fat, or trans-unsaturated fatty acids, trans fatty acids, are a type of unsaturated fat that occur in small amounts in nature, but became widely produced industrially from vegetable fats for use in margarine, snack food, packaged baked goods, and frying fast food starting in the 1950s.", "Trans fat __knowledge__ Trans fat has been shown to consistently be associated, in an intake-dependent way, with increased risk of coronary artery disease, a leading cause of death in Western nations.", "Trans fat __knowledge__ Fats contain long hydrocarbon chains, which can either be unsaturated, i.e., have double bonds, or saturated, i.e., have no double bonds.", "Food choice __knowledge__ Research into food choice investigates how people select the food they eat.", "Food choice __knowledge__ An interdisciplinary topic, food choice comprises psychological and sociological aspects (including food politics and phenomena such as vegetarianism or religious dietary laws), economic issues (for instance, how food prices or marketing campaigns influence choice) and sensory aspects (such as the study of the organoleptic qualities of food).", "Food choice __knowledge__ Factors that guide food choice include taste preference, sensory attributes, cost, availability, convenience, cognitive restraint, and cultural familiarity.", "Food choice __knowledge__ In addition, environmental cues and increased portion sizes play a role in the choice and amount of foods consumed.", "Weight management __knowledge__ Weight management techniques encompass long-term lifestyle strategies that promote healthy eating and daily physical activity.", "Weight management __knowledge__ Effective weight management strategies consider not only weight loss toward but also the maintenance of a healthy body weight over time.", "Weight management __knowledge__ Moreover, weight management involves an understanding of meaningful ways to track weight over time and set ideal body weights for different individuals.", "Weight management __knowledge__ Weight management does not include fad diets that promote quick, temporary weight loss.", "Weight management __knowledge__ It focuses on the long-term results that are achieved through slow weight loss, followed by retention of an ideal body weight for age, sex and height.", "Canadian health claims __knowledge__ Canadian health claims by Health Canada, the department of the Government of Canada responsible for national health, has allowed five scientifically verified disease risk reduction claims to be used on food labels and on food advertising.", "Canadian health claims __knowledge__ Other countries, including the United States and Great Britain, have approved similar health claims on food labels.", "Canadian health claims __knowledge__ The Food Directorate of Health Canada is responsible for the development of policies, regulations and standards that relate to the use of health claims on foods.", "Canadian health claims __knowledge__ They assess whether health claims are truthful and not misleading by reviewing mandatory and voluntary pre-market submissions.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cat food is food for consumption by cats.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cats have specific requirements for their dietary nutrients.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Certain nutrients, including many vitamins and amino acids, are degraded by the temperatures, pressures and chemical treatments used during manufacture, and hence must be added after manufacture to avoid nutritional deficiency.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The amino acid taurine, for example, which is found in meat, is degraded during processing, so synthetic taurine is normally added afterwards.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Long-term taurine deficiency may result in retinal degeneration, loss of vision, and cardiac arrest.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The idea of preparing specialized food for cats came later than for dogs (see dog biscuits and dog food).", "Bisphenol A __knowledge__ Bisphenol A (BPA) is an organic synthetic compound with the chemical formula (CH)C(CHOH) belonging to the group of diphenylmethane derivatives and bisphenols, with two hydroxyphenyl groups.", "Bisphenol A __knowledge__ It is a colorless solid that is soluble in organic solvents, but poorly soluble in water.", "Bisphenol A __knowledge__ It has been in commercial use since 1957.", "Bisphenol A __knowledge__ BPA is employed to make certain plastics and epoxy resins.", "Bisphenol A __knowledge__ BPA-based plastic is clear and tough, and is made into a variety of common consumer goods, such as water bottles, sports equipment, CDs, and DVDs.", "Bisphenol A __knowledge__ Epoxy resins containing BPA are used to line water pipes, as coatings on the inside of many food and beverage cans and in making thermal paper such as that used in sales receipts.", "Vitamin D __knowledge__ Vitamin D is a group of fat-soluble secosteroids responsible for increasing intestinal absorption of calcium, magnesium, and phosphate, and multiple other biological effects.", "Vitamin D __knowledge__ In humans, the most important compounds in this group are vitamin D (also known as cholecalciferol) and vitamin D (ergocalciferol).", "Vitamin D __knowledge__ Cholecalciferol and ergocalciferol can be ingested from the diet and from supplements.", "Vitamin D __knowledge__ Only a few foods contain vitamin D. The major natural source of the vitamin is synthesis of cholecalciferol in the skin from cholesterol through a chemical reaction that is dependent on sun exposure (specifically UVB radiation)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dieting __knowledge__ Dieting is the practice of eating food in a regulated and supervised fashion to decrease, maintain, or increase body weight.", "Dieting __knowledge__ In other words, it is conscious control or restriction of the diet.", "Dieting __knowledge__ A restricted diet is often used by those who are overweight or obese, sometimes in combination with physical exercise, to reduce body weight.", "Dieting __knowledge__ Some people follow a diet to gain weight (usually in the form of muscle).", "Dieting __knowledge__ Diets can also be used to maintain a stable body weight and improve health.", "Dieting __knowledge__ In particular, diets can be designed to prevent or treat diabetes.", "Dieting __knowledge__ Diets to promote weight loss can be categorized as: low-fat, low-carbohydrate, low-calorie, very low calorie and more recently flexible dieting.", "Dieting __knowledge__ A meta-analysis of six randomized controlled trials found no difference between low-calorie, low-carbohydrate, and low-fat diets, with a 2–4 kilogram weight loss over 12–18 months in all studies.", "Dieting __knowledge__ At two years, all calorie-reduced diet types cause equal weight loss irrespective of the macronutrients emphasized.", "Dieting __knowledge__ In general, the most effective diet is any which reduces calorie consumption.", "Dieting __knowledge__ A study published in \"American Psychologist\" found that short-term dieting involving \"severe restriction of calorie intake\" does not lead to \"sustained improvements in weight and health for the majority of individuals\".", "Body image __knowledge__ Body image is a person's perception of the aesthetics or sexual attractiveness of their own body.", "Body image __knowledge__ The phrase \"body image\" was first coined by the Austrian neurologist and psychoanalyst Paul Schilder in his book \"The Image and Appearance of the Human Body\" (1935).", "Body image __knowledge__ Human society has at all times placed great value on beauty of the human body, but a person's perception of their own body may not correspond to society's standards.", "Body image __knowledge__ The concept of body image is used in a number of disciplines, including psychology, medicine, psychiatry, psychoanalysis, philosophy and cultural and feminist studies.", "Body image __knowledge__ The term is also often used in the media.", "Yo-yo effect __knowledge__ Yo-yo dieting or yo-yo effect, also known as weight cycling, is a term coined by Kelly D. Brownell at Yale University, in reference to the cyclical loss and gain of weight, resembling the up-down motion of a yo-yo.", "Yo-yo effect __knowledge__ In this process, the dieter is initially successful in the pursuit of weight loss but is unsuccessful in maintaining the loss long-term and begins to gain the weight back.", "Yo-yo effect __knowledge__ The dieter then seeks to lose the regained weight, and the cycle begins again.", "Yo-yo effect __knowledge__ The reasons for yo-yo dieting are varied but often include embarking upon a hypocaloric diet that was initially too extreme.", "Yo-yo effect __knowledge__ At first the dieter may experience elation at the thought of weight loss and pride in their rejection of food.", "Binge eating disorder __knowledge__ Binge eating disorder (BED) is an eating disorder characterized by frequent and recurrent binge eating episodes with associated negative psychological and social problems, but without subsequent purging episodes (e.g.", "Binge eating disorder __knowledge__ vomiting).", "Binge eating disorder __knowledge__ BED is a recently described condition, which was required to distinguish binge eating similar to that seen in bulimia nervosa but without characteristic purging.", "Binge eating disorder __knowledge__ Individuals who are diagnosed with bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder exhibit similar patterns of compulsive overeating, neurobiological features of dysfunctional cognitive control and food addiction, and biological and environmental risk factors.", "Feminist Perspectives on Eating Disorders __knowledge__ Feminist Perspectives on Eating Disorders is a book edited by Patricia Fallon and others in which feminists analyzed the impact of what they regard as sexist and oppressive of women on women's eating disorders.", "Feminist Perspectives on Eating Disorders __knowledge__ Feminists do not \"necessarily\" believe that society is the sole cause of an eating disorder, but that societal influences definitely play a role in these addictions (the craving to control one’s body and the euphoria established through weight loss or controlled food in-take) and that eating disorders thrive in this type of environment.", "Feminist Perspectives on Eating Disorders __knowledge__ When World War I (as well as World War II) began, many women had to work out of the household because their husbands were fighting in the war and the family needed financial support.", "Eating disorder __knowledge__ An eating disorder is a mental disorder defined by abnormal eating habits that negatively affect a person's physical or mental health.", "Eating disorder __knowledge__ They include binge eating disorder where people eat a large amount in a short period of time, anorexia nervosa where people eat very little and thus have a low body weight, bulimia nervosa where people eat a lot and then try to rid themselves of the food, pica where people eat non-food items, rumination disorder where people regurgitate food, avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder where people have a lack of interest in food, and a group of other specified feeding or eating disorders.", "Lulu Hunt Peters __knowledge__ Lulu Hunt Peters (1873–1930) was an American doctor and author who wrote a featured newspaper column entitled \"Diet and Health\", which she followed up with a best-selling book, \"Diet & Health: With Key to the Calories\".", "Lulu Hunt Peters __knowledge__ She was the first person to widely popularize the concept of counting calories as a method of weight loss.", "Lulu Hunt Peters __knowledge__ It was also the first weight-loss book to become a bestseller.", "Lulu Hunt Peters __knowledge__ Peters was born in Milford, Maine and attended the Maine State Normal School in Castine, Maine before moving to California.", "Lulu Hunt Peters __knowledge__ She attended the University of California, Berkeley and graduated in 1909 as a Doctor of Medicine.", "Dietary exposure assessments in the United States __knowledge__ Dietary exposure assessments involve the evaluation of dietary consumption and chemical residue data while taking into consideration additional factors that may affect a specified population of interest or sensitive population.", "Dietary exposure assessments in the United States __knowledge__ The process of conducting a dietary exposure assessment involves the determination of the chemical residues on a particular food or foods and the calculation of the dietary exposure to these chemicals based on consumption data for the specified food or foods.", "Dietary exposure assessments in the United States __knowledge__ In the most simplified form, a dietary exposure assessment can be summarized with the following calculation: The purpose of calculating dietary exposure to a given chemical or contaminant is so the estimated dietary exposure can be compared to a relevant health standard such as the acceptable daily intake (ADI), the acute reference dose (ARfD) or reference dose (RfD), or a level known to cause adverse effects in animal or human health studies.", "Bulimia nervosa __knowledge__ Bulimia nervosa, also known as simply bulimia, is an eating disorder characterized by binge eating followed by purging.", "Bulimia nervosa __knowledge__ Binge eating refers to eating a large amount of food in a short amount of time.", "Bulimia nervosa __knowledge__ Purging refers to the attempts to get rid of the food consumed.", "Bulimia nervosa __knowledge__ This may be done by vomiting or taking laxatives.", "Bulimia nervosa __knowledge__ Other efforts to lose weight may include the use of diuretics, stimulants, water fasting, or excessive exercise.", "Bulimia nervosa __knowledge__ Most people with bulimia are at a normal weight.", "Bulimia nervosa __knowledge__ The forcing of vomiting may result in thickened skin on the knuckles and breakdown of the teeth.", "Bulimia nervosa __knowledge__ Bulimia is frequently associated with other mental disorders such as depression, anxiety, and problems with drugs or alcohol.", "Food desert __knowledge__ A food desert is an area, especially one with low-income residents, that has limited access to affordable and nutritious food.", "Food desert __knowledge__ In contrast, an area with supermarkets or vegetable shops is termed a food oasis.", "Food desert __knowledge__ The term food desert considers the type and quality of food available to the population, in addition to the number, nature, and size of food stores that are accessible.", "Food desert __knowledge__ Food deserts are characterized by a lack of supermarkets which decreases residents’ access to fruits, vegetables and other whole foods.", "Food desert __knowledge__ In 2010, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) reported that 18 million Americans live in a food desert, meaning that they live more than one mile from a supermarket in urban or suburban areas, and more than 10 miles from a supermarket in rural areas.", "Soil __knowledge__ Soil is a mixture of organic matter, minerals, gases, liquids, and organisms that together support life.", "Soil __knowledge__ The Earth's body of soil is the pedosphere, which has four important functions: it is a medium for plant growth; it is a means of water storage, supply and purification; it is a modifier of Earth's atmosphere; it is a habitat for organisms; all of which, in turn, modify the soil.", "Soil __knowledge__ Soil interfaces with the lithosphere, the hydrosphere, the atmosphere, and the biosphere.", "Soil __knowledge__ The term \"pedolith\", used commonly to refer to the soil, literally translates \"ground stone\".", "Soil __knowledge__ Soil consists of a solid phase of minerals and organic matter (the soil matrix), as well as a porous phase that holds gases (the soil atmosphere) and water (the soil solution).", "Diet and obesity __knowledge__ Diet plays an important role in the genesis of obesity.", "Diet and obesity __knowledge__ Personal choices, advertising, social customs and cultural influences, as well as food availability and pricing all play a role in determining what and how much an individual eats.", "Diet and obesity __knowledge__ The dietary energy supply is the food available for human consumption, usually expressed in kilocalories per person per day.", "Diet and obesity __knowledge__ It gives an overestimate of the total amount of food consumed as it reflects both food consumed and food wasted.", "Diet and obesity __knowledge__ The per capita dietary energy supply varies markedly between different regions and countries.", "Diet and obesity __knowledge__ It has also changed significantly over time." ] ]

[ 0, 2, 52, 62 ]

[ "I am very interested in learning more about dieting", "very simply put, restricting the amount of intake of food", "the amount and portions of food consumed is a vital component of dieting", "personal reasons for dieting has changed over time however most want to diet to live healthier life" ]

[ "Dieting", "Dieting", "Dieting", "Dieting" ]

[ "Grateful Dead\nThe grateful dead are a pretty cool band.", "Me neither but i think they arent too bad.", "Oh the beach boys are a classic, i really loved one of their songs", "yea they really were, cool bands all around" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The Grateful Dead was an American rock band formed in 1965 in Palo Alto, California.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ Ranging from quintet to septet, the band is known for its unique and eclectic style, which fused elements of rock, psychedelia, experimental music, modal jazz, country, folk, bluegrass, blues, reggae, and space rock, for live performances of lengthy instrumental jams, and for their devoted fan base, known as \"Deadheads\".", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ \"Their music,\" writes Lenny Kaye, \"touches on ground that most other groups don't even know exists.\"", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ These various influences were distilled into a diverse and psychedelic whole that made the Grateful Dead \"the pioneering Godfathers of the jam band world\".", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The band was ranked 57th by \"Rolling Stone\" magazine in its The Greatest Artists of All Time issue.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The band was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1994 and a recording of their May 8, 1977, performance at Cornell University's Barton Hall was added to the National Recording Registry of the Library of Congress in 2012.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The Grateful Dead have sold more than 35 million albums worldwide.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The Grateful Dead was founded in the San Francisco Bay Area amid the rise of the counterculture of the 1960s.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The founding members were Jerry Garcia (lead guitar, vocals), Bob Weir (rhythm guitar, vocals), Ron \"Pigpen\" McKernan (keyboards, harmonica, vocals), Phil Lesh (bass, vocals), and Bill Kreutzmann (drums).", "Jerry Garcia __knowledge__ Jerome John Garcia (August 1, 1942 – August 9, 1995) was an American singer-songwriter and guitarist, best known for his work as the lead guitarist and as a vocalist with the band the Grateful Dead, which came to prominence during the counterculture era in the 1960s.", "Jerry Garcia __knowledge__ Although he disavowed the role, Garcia was viewed by many as the leader or \"spokesman\" of the group.", "Jerry Garcia __knowledge__ One of its founders, Garcia performed with the Grateful Dead for their entire thirty-year career (1965–1995).", "Jerry Garcia __knowledge__ Garcia also founded and participated in a variety of side projects, including the Saunders–Garcia Band (with longtime friend Merl Saunders), the Jerry Garcia Band, Old and in the Way, the Garcia/Grisman acoustic duo, Legion of Mary, and the New Riders of the Purple Sage (which Garcia co-founded with John Dawson and David Nelson).", "Jam band __knowledge__ A jam band is a musical group whose live albums and concerts relate to a unique fan culture that began in the 1960s with the Grateful Dead, and continued with The Allman Brothers Band, which had lengthy jams at concerts.", "Jam band __knowledge__ The performances of these bands typically feature extended musical improvisation (\"jams\") over rhythmic grooves and chord patterns, and long sets of music that can often cross genre boundaries.", "Jam band __knowledge__ The Grateful Dead continued to grow their fanbase in the second half of the 1980s.", "Jam band __knowledge__ In the mid-1980s, the bands Phish, Edie Brickell & New Bohemians, Blues Traveler, Ozric Tentacles, Widespread Panic, Bela Fleck and the Flecktones, Spin Doctors, Col Bruce Hampton and Aquarium Rescue Unit, began touring with jam band-style concerts.", "Deadhead __knowledge__ Deadhead or Dead Head is a name given to fans of the American psychedelic rock band the Grateful Dead.", "Deadhead __knowledge__ In the 1970s, a number of fans began travelling to see the band in as many shows or festival venues as they could.", "Deadhead __knowledge__ With large numbers of people thus attending strings of shows, a community developed.", "Deadhead __knowledge__ Deadheads developed their own idioms and slang.", "Deadhead __knowledge__ Much Deadhead-related historical material received or collected by the band over the years is housed in the Grateful Dead Archive of UC-Santa Cruz.", "Deadhead __knowledge__ Archive curator Nicholas Meriwether, who has also written extensively about the culture and its impact on society, states \"The Grateful Dead archive is going to end up being a critical way for us to approach and understand the 1960s and the counterculture of the era...It’s also going to tell us a lot about the growth and development of modern rock theater, and it’s helping us understand fan culture.\"", "Dick Latvala __knowledge__ Dick Latvala (26 July 1943 – 6 August 1999) was an American tape archivist for the Grateful Dead.", "Dick Latvala __knowledge__ He started the CD series \"Dick's Picks\", an ongoing series that selects live music from Grateful Dead concerts.", "Dick Latvala __knowledge__ The first volume of \"Dick's Picks\" was released in 1993.", "Dick Latvala __knowledge__ The series continued after Latvala's death in 1999 until 2005, with later volumes being selected by David Lemieux.", "Dick Latvala __knowledge__ In 2005 the series inspired a spin-off officially known as \"Dave's Picks\".", "Dick Latvala __knowledge__ As a senior studying psychology at San Francisco State University, Dick Latvala wrote a brief autobiography in 1965, apparently in preparation for his first time ingesting LSD.", "Bob Weir __knowledge__ Robert Hall \"Bob\" Weir ( ; born October 16, 1947) is an American musician and songwriter best known as a founding member of the rock band Grateful Dead.", "Bob Weir __knowledge__ After the Grateful Dead disbanded in 1995, Weir performed with The Other Ones, later known as The Dead, together with other former members of the Grateful Dead.", "Bob Weir __knowledge__ Weir also founded and played in several other bands during and after his career with the Grateful Dead, including Kingfish, the Bob Weir Band, Bobby and the Midnites, Scaring the Children, RatDog and Furthur, co-led by former Grateful Dead bassist Phil Lesh.", "Bob Weir __knowledge__ In 2015, Weir, along with former Grateful Dead members Mickey Hart and Bill Kreutzmann, joined with Grammy-winning singer/guitarist John Mayer to form the band Dead & Company.", "The Grateful Dead Movie __knowledge__ The Grateful Dead Movie, released in 1977 and directed by Jerry Garcia, is a film that captures live performances from rock band the Grateful Dead during an October 1974 five-night run at Winterland in San Francisco.", "The Grateful Dead Movie __knowledge__ These concerts marked the beginning of a hiatus, with the October 20, 1974 show billed as \"The Last One\".", "The Grateful Dead Movie __knowledge__ The band would return to touring in 1976.", "The Grateful Dead Movie __knowledge__ The film features the \"Wall of Sound\" concert sound system that the Dead used for all of 1974.", "The Grateful Dead Movie __knowledge__ The movie also portrays the burgeoning Deadhead scene.", "The Grateful Dead Movie __knowledge__ Two albums have been released in conjunction with the film and the concert run: \"Steal Your Face\" and \"The Grateful Dead Movie Soundtrack\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The Grateful Dead was an American rock band formed in 1965 in Palo Alto, California.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ Ranging from quintet to septet, the band is known for its unique and eclectic style, which fused elements of rock, psychedelia, experimental music, modal jazz, country, folk, bluegrass, blues, reggae, and space rock, for live performances of lengthy instrumental jams, and for their devoted fan base, known as \"Deadheads\".", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ \"Their music,\" writes Lenny Kaye, \"touches on ground that most other groups don't even know exists.\"", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ These various influences were distilled into a diverse and psychedelic whole that made the Grateful Dead \"the pioneering Godfathers of the jam band world\".", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The band was ranked 57th by \"Rolling Stone\" magazine in its The Greatest Artists of All Time issue.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The band was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1994 and a recording of their May 8, 1977, performance at Cornell University's Barton Hall was added to the National Recording Registry of the Library of Congress in 2012.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The Grateful Dead have sold more than 35 million albums worldwide.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The Grateful Dead was founded in the San Francisco Bay Area amid the rise of the counterculture of the 1960s.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The founding members were Jerry Garcia (lead guitar, vocals), Bob Weir (rhythm guitar, vocals), Ron \"Pigpen\" McKernan (keyboards, harmonica, vocals), Phil Lesh (bass, vocals), and Bill Kreutzmann (drums).", "Patrice M. Arent __knowledge__ Patrice M. Arent (born February 3, 1956) is a Democratic member of the Utah State House, representing the state's 36th house district.", "Patrice M. Arent __knowledge__ Arent was born February 3, 1956 in Utah.", "Patrice M. Arent __knowledge__ She received her B.S.", "Patrice M. Arent __knowledge__ from the University of Utah in 1978 and her J.D.", "Patrice M. Arent __knowledge__ from Cornell Law School in 1981.", "Patrice M. Arent __knowledge__ Before becoming a member of the House of Representatives, she worked as an Assistant Attorney General in the Utah Attorney General's Office from 1989-1995.", "Patrice M. Arent __knowledge__ She currently lives in Salt Lake City with her husband and two children.", "Patrice M. Arent __knowledge__ Arent was elected to the Utah House of Representatives in 1996 where she has served as Democratic Whip and Assistant Democratic Whip.", "Ammersoyen Castle __knowledge__ Ammersoyen Castle () is located in Ammerzoden in the Bommelerwaard region in the province of Gelderland, the Netherlands.", "Ammersoyen Castle __knowledge__ When the original construction of the Castle occurred is unclear, some sources claim it was as early as the 12th century.", "Ammersoyen Castle __knowledge__ However, the consensus among historians is that the Van Herlaer family completed the Castle in the 1350s.", "Ammersoyen Castle __knowledge__ At the time of its construction, the castle was built along a branch of the River Maas.", "Ammersoyen Castle __knowledge__ Just a few years after the construction of the castle was completed, the river was rerouted leaving the castle to be surrounded by a moat.", "Ammersoyen Castle __knowledge__ The castle was designed to be a defensive fortress.", "Arent Schuyler __knowledge__ Arent Philipse Schuyler (June 25, 1662 – November 26, 1730) was a member of the influential Schuyler family (among the first settlers to New Netherland), during his lifetime he was a surveyor, Native American trader, miner, merchant, and land speculator.", "Arent Schuyler __knowledge__ Arent Philipse Schuyler was born on June 25, 1662 in Rensselaerswyck, New York.", "Arent Schuyler __knowledge__ He was the son of Philip Pieterse Schuyler (1628–1683) and Margarita Van Slichtenhorst (1627–1710) and the younger brother of Pieter Schuyler (1657–1724).", "Arent Schuyler __knowledge__ He was one of 10 children born to his parents, including Gysbert Schuyler (1652-1664/5), Gertruj Schuyler (b.", "Arent Schuyler __knowledge__ 1654), who married Stephanus van Cortlandt (1643–1700) (the patroon of Van Cortlandt Manor and a Mayor of New York City from 1677–1678 and again from 1686–1688), Alida Schuyler (b.", "Larson O'Brien __knowledge__ Larson O'Brien LLP is a trial and appellate boutique law firm based in Los Angeles, California, which specializes in complex litigation, internal investigations and white collar matters, arbitration, and state and federal appeals.", "Larson O'Brien __knowledge__ Stephen G. Larson, a former federal judge, and Robert C. O'Brien, a former Arent Fox LLP California Managing Partner, founded the firm in January 2016.", "Larson O'Brien __knowledge__ In \"People v. Biane\", Larson O'Brien is representing defendant Jeff Burum in the Colonies Partners trial which then Attorney General of California (and now Governor) Jerry Brown called the \"biggest corruption scandal in San Bernardino County history, possibly in California.\"", "Benno von Arent __knowledge__ Benno von Arent (19 July 1898 – 14 October 1956) was a German Nazi, a member of the Nazi Party and SS, responsible for art, theatres, movies etc.", "Benno von Arent __knowledge__ Arent was born in Görlitz, Prussia, on 19 July 1898.", "Benno von Arent __knowledge__ Self-taught, after various apprentice positions he obtained his first theater job in Berlin in 1923 and became a stage designer.", "Benno von Arent __knowledge__ He joined the SS in 1931 and the Nazi Party in 1932.", "Benno von Arent __knowledge__ The same year, he was one of the founders of the \"\"Bund nationalsozialistischer Bühnen- und Filmkünstler\"\" (\"Union of national-socialist stage and movie artists\"), which was renamed \"\"Kameradschaft deutscher Künstler\"\" (\"fellowship of German artists\") after Hitler's rise to power in 1933.", "Arent Passer __knowledge__ Arent Passer (c. 1560 – 1637) was a stonemason and architect of Dutch origin.", "Arent Passer __knowledge__ He was born in The Hague and worked in Tallinn from 1589 until his death.", "Arent Passer __knowledge__ Arent Passer is buried in St. Olaf's church in Tallinn.", "Arent Passer __knowledge__ Best known artwork by Arent Passer is the tomb chest of the Swedish Commander-in Chief Pontus De La Gardie and his wife baroness Sofia Johansdotter Gyllenhielm in the Dome Church, made in 1595.", "Arent Passer __knowledge__ Architectural solution of the facade with numerous relieves of former House of the Blackheads, made in 1597 as well as several tomb monuments in the Dome Church - Caspar von Tiesenhausen (1591); Carl Henriksson Horn af Kanckas, lord of Kankainen; Otto Yxkull (also Üexküll, Üksküla, 1601), lord of Vigala and Kiltsi; Richard Rosenkrantz (1623) and Thomas Ramm (1632).", "Arent Fox __knowledge__ Arent Fox LLP (formerly Arent, Fox, Kintner, Plotkin & Kahn) is a law firm and lobbying group based in Washington, D.C..", "Arent Fox __knowledge__ The firm also has offices in New York City, San Francisco, and Los Angeles.", "Arent Fox __knowledge__ In 2007, the \"National Law Journal\" ranked the firm as the 137th largest in the United States based on number of attorneys.", "Arent Fox __knowledge__ In addition to its lobbying practice, Arent Fox has substantial practices in antitrust, corporate, environmental, intellectual property, litigation, real estate, tax law, bankruptcy, international trade, corporate finance, and ERISA matters.", "Arent Fox __knowledge__ The firm also has special practice groups for certain industries, such as the automotive industry, construction, healthcare, hospitality, energy, non-profit organizations, media and entertainment, sweepstakes and loyalty programs, and life sciences.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The Beach Boys are an American rock band formed in Hawthorne, California, in 1961.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The group's original lineup consisted of brothers Brian, Dennis, and Carl Wilson; their cousin Mike Love; and their friend Al Jardine.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ Distinguished by their vocal harmonies and early surf songs, they are one of the most influential acts of the rock era.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The band drew on the music of jazz-based vocal groups, 1950s rock and roll, and black R&B to create their unique sound, and with Brian as producer, composer, and de facto leader, they pioneered novel approaches to popular music form and production.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ He later arranged his compositions for studio orchestras and explored a variety of other styles, often incorporating classical or jazz elements and unconventional recording techniques in innovative ways.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ The Rolling Stones are an English rock band formed in London, England in 1962.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ The first stable line-up consisted of Brian Jones (guitar, harmonica), Mick Jagger (lead vocals), Keith Richards (guitar, backing vocals), Bill Wyman (bass), Charlie Watts (drums), and Ian Stewart (piano).", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ Stewart was removed from the official line-up in 1963 but continued as a touring member until his death in 1985.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ Jones left the band less than a month prior to his death in 1969, having already been replaced by Mick Taylor, who remained until 1974.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ After Taylor left the band, Ronnie Wood took his place in 1975 and has been on guitar in tandem with Richards ever since.", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ Pearl Jam is an American rock band formed in Seattle, Washington, in 1990.", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ Since its inception, the band's line-up has consisted of Eddie Vedder (lead vocals), Mike McCready (lead guitar), Stone Gossard (rhythm guitar) and Jeff Ament (bass).", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ The band's fifth member is drummer Matt Cameron (also of Soundgarden), who has been with the band since 1998.", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ Boom Gaspar (piano) has also been a session/touring member with the band since 2002.", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ Drummers Dave Krusen, Matt Chamberlain, Dave Abbruzzese and Jack Irons are former members of the band.", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ Formed after the demise of Gossard and Ament's previous band, Mother Love Bone, Pearl Jam broke into the mainstream with its debut album, \"Ten\", in 1991.", "American rock __knowledge__ American rock is rock music from the United States.", "American rock __knowledge__ It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, rhythm and blues, and country music, and also drew on folk music, jazz, blues, and classical music.", "American rock __knowledge__ American rock music was further influenced by the British Invasion of the American pop charts from 1964 and resulted in the development of garage rock.", "American rock __knowledge__ From the late 1960s and early 1970s, American rock music was highly influential in the development of a number of fusions, including blending with folk music to create folk rock, with blues to create blues rock, with country music to create country rock, roots rock and southern rock and with jazz to create jazz rock, all of which contributed to psychedelic rock.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk rock (or \"punk\") is a rock music genre that developed in the mid-1970s in the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Rooted in 1960s garage rock and other forms of what is now known as \"proto-punk\" music, punk rock bands rejected perceived excesses of mainstream 1970s rock.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk bands typically produced short or fast-paced songs, with hard-edged melodies and singing styles, stripped-down instrumentation, and often political, anti-establishment lyrics.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk embraces a DIY ethic; many bands self-produce recordings and distribute them through independent record labels and other informal channels.", "I'm with You (album) __knowledge__ I'm with You is the tenth studio album by the American rock band Red Hot Chili Peppers.", "I'm with You (album) __knowledge__ The album was released by Warner Bros. Records on August 29, 2011.", "I'm with You (album) __knowledge__ The album made its debut at number one in 18 countries including the United Kingdom, while reaching number two in the United States and Canada.", "I'm with You (album) __knowledge__ Produced by Rick Rubin, \"I'm with You\" was the band's first studio album since 2006's \"Stadium Arcadium\", and its first to feature guitarist Josh Klinghoffer, following the departure of John Frusciante in 2009.", "I'm with You (album) __knowledge__ It is also the final collaboration between Red Hot Chili Peppers and producer Rubin, whose relationship began with their fifth studio album \"Blood Sugar Sex Magik\" (1991)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The Grateful Dead was an American rock band formed in 1965 in Palo Alto, California.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ Ranging from quintet to septet, the band is known for its unique and eclectic style, which fused elements of rock, psychedelia, experimental music, modal jazz, country, folk, bluegrass, blues, reggae, and space rock, for live performances of lengthy instrumental jams, and for their devoted fan base, known as \"Deadheads\".", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ \"Their music,\" writes Lenny Kaye, \"touches on ground that most other groups don't even know exists.\"", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ These various influences were distilled into a diverse and psychedelic whole that made the Grateful Dead \"the pioneering Godfathers of the jam band world\".", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The band was ranked 57th by \"Rolling Stone\" magazine in its The Greatest Artists of All Time issue.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The band was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1994 and a recording of their May 8, 1977, performance at Cornell University's Barton Hall was added to the National Recording Registry of the Library of Congress in 2012.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The Grateful Dead have sold more than 35 million albums worldwide.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The Grateful Dead was founded in the San Francisco Bay Area amid the rise of the counterculture of the 1960s.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The founding members were Jerry Garcia (lead guitar, vocals), Bob Weir (rhythm guitar, vocals), Ron \"Pigpen\" McKernan (keyboards, harmonica, vocals), Phil Lesh (bass, vocals), and Bill Kreutzmann (drums).", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Pet Sounds is the eleventh studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released on May 16, 1966.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ It initially met with a lukewarm critical and commercial response in the United States, peaking at number 10 in the \"Billboard\" 200, a significantly lower placement than the band's preceding albums.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the album was hailed by its music press and was an immediate commercial success, peaking at number 2 in the UK Top 40 Albums Chart and remaining among the top ten positions for six months.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Originally promoted as \"the most progressive pop album ever\", \"Pet Sounds\" attracted recognition for its ambitious recording and unusually sophisticated music, and is widely considered to be one of the most influential albums in music history.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The Beach Boys are an American rock band formed in Hawthorne, California, in 1961.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The group's original lineup consisted of brothers Brian, Dennis, and Carl Wilson; their cousin Mike Love; and their friend Al Jardine.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ Distinguished by their vocal harmonies and early surf songs, they are one of the most influential acts of the rock era.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The band drew on the music of jazz-based vocal groups, 1950s rock and roll, and black R&B to create their unique sound, and with Brian as producer, composer, and de facto leader, they pioneered novel approaches to popular music form and production.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ He later arranged his compositions for studio orchestras and explored a variety of other styles, often incorporating classical or jazz elements and unconventional recording techniques in innovative ways.", "Brian Wilson __knowledge__ Brian Douglas Wilson (born June 20, 1942) is an American musician, singer, songwriter, and record producer who co-founded the Beach Boys.", "Brian Wilson __knowledge__ After signing with Capitol Records in 1962, Wilson wrote or co-wrote more than two dozen Top 40 hits for the group.", "Brian Wilson __knowledge__ In addition to his lifelong struggles with mental illness, Wilson is known for his unorthodox approaches to pop composition and mastery of recording techniques, and he is widely acknowledged as one of the most innovative and significant songwriters of the late 20th century.", "Brian Wilson __knowledge__ The Beach Boys were formed by Brian, his brothers Carl and Dennis, their cousin Mike Love, and friend Al Jardine.", "Smile (The Beach Boys album) __knowledge__ Smile (sometimes stylized as SMiLE) was a projected album by American rock band the Beach Boys intended to follow their 11th studio album, \"Pet Sounds\" (1966).", "Smile (The Beach Boys album) __knowledge__ After bandleader Brian Wilson abandoned large portions of music recorded over a ten-month period, the band substituted its release with \"Smiley Smile\" (1967), an album containing stripped-down remakes of some \"Smile\" material.", "Smile (The Beach Boys album) __knowledge__ Some of the original \"Smile\" tracks eventually found their way onto subsequent Beach Boys' studio and compilation albums.", "Smile (The Beach Boys album) __knowledge__ As more fans learned of the project's origins, details of its recordings acquired considerable mystique, and it was later acknowledged as the most legendary unreleased album in the history of popular music.", "Cultural impact of the Beach Boys __knowledge__ The Beach Boys are an American rock band, formed in Hawthorne, California in 1961.", "Cultural impact of the Beach Boys __knowledge__ The group is considered to be one of the most critically acclaimed, commercially successful, and widely influential bands of all time.", "Cultural impact of the Beach Boys __knowledge__ Their co-founder and principal composer, Brian Wilson, is widely considered one of the most innovative and significant songwriters of the late 20th century.", "Cultural impact of the Beach Boys __knowledge__ With record sales estimated at over 100 million, they were one of the few American bands formed prior to the 1964 British Invasion to continue their success, and among artists of the 1960s, they are one of few central figures in the histories of rock.", "Musicianship of Brian Wilson __knowledge__ The songwriting of American musician Brian Wilson, co-founder and multi-tasking leader of the Beach Boys, is widely considered to be among the most innovative and significant of the late 20th century.", "Musicianship of Brian Wilson __knowledge__ His combined arranging, producing, and songwriting skills also made him a major innovator in the field of music production.", "Musicianship of Brian Wilson __knowledge__ In a 1966 article that asks \"Do the Beach Boys rely too much on sound genius Brian?\"", "Musicianship of Brian Wilson __knowledge__ brother and bandmate Carl Wilson said that every member of the group contributes ideas, that Brian was most responsible for their music.", "Musicianship of Brian Wilson __knowledge__ Dennis Wilson said: \"Brian Wilson \"is\" the Beach Boys.", "Mike Love __knowledge__ Michael Edward Love (born March 15, 1941) is an American singer, songwriter, and musician who co-founded the Beach Boys.", "Mike Love __knowledge__ Characterized by his nasal, sometimes baritone singing, Love has been one of the band's vocalists and lyricists for most of their career, contributing to each of their studio albums.", "Mike Love __knowledge__ He is often regarded as a malign figure in the band's history, a reputation he acknowledges: \"For those who believe that Brian [Wilson] walks on water, I will always be the Antichrist.\"", "Mike Love __knowledge__ In the 1960s, Love collaborated with Wilson and was a lyricist on singles including \"Fun, Fun, Fun\" (1964), \"California Girls\" (1965), and \"Good Vibrations\" (1966).", "Dennis Wilson __knowledge__ Dennis Carl Wilson (December 4, 1944 – December 28, 1983) was an American musician, singer, and songwriter who co-founded the Beach Boys.", "Dennis Wilson __knowledge__ He is best remembered as their drummer and as the middle brother of bandmates Brian and Carl Wilson.", "Dennis Wilson __knowledge__ Dennis was the only true surfer in the Beach Boys, and his personal life exemplified the \"California Myth\" that the band's early songs often celebrated.", "Dennis Wilson __knowledge__ He was also known for his brief association with then-aspiring songwriter Charles Manson, who was later convicted of several murders.", "Dennis Wilson __knowledge__ Dennis served mainly on drums and backing vocals for the Beach Boys, and contrary to popular belief, his playing can be heard on many of the group's hits.", "David Marks __knowledge__ David Lee Marks (born August 22, 1948) is an American guitarist, singer and songwriter.", "David Marks __knowledge__ He is best known as a member of the American rock band The Beach Boys, with whom he recorded four studio albums, and of whom he was a member from 1962 until 1963, again from 1997 until 1999, and lastly in 2012.", "David Marks __knowledge__ Following his initial departure from the band, Marks fronted the Marksmen and performed and recorded as a session musician.", "David Marks __knowledge__ A neighbor of the Wilson family – Brian, Dennis, and Carl Wilson – and a frequent participant at the Wilson family's Sunday night singalongs, Marks officially joined the Beach Boys in February 1962 as its rhythm guitarist." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The Grateful Dead was an American rock band formed in 1965 in Palo Alto, California.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ Ranging from quintet to septet, the band is known for its unique and eclectic style, which fused elements of rock, psychedelia, experimental music, modal jazz, country, folk, bluegrass, blues, reggae, and space rock, for live performances of lengthy instrumental jams, and for their devoted fan base, known as \"Deadheads\".", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ \"Their music,\" writes Lenny Kaye, \"touches on ground that most other groups don't even know exists.\"", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ These various influences were distilled into a diverse and psychedelic whole that made the Grateful Dead \"the pioneering Godfathers of the jam band world\".", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The band was ranked 57th by \"Rolling Stone\" magazine in its The Greatest Artists of All Time issue.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The band was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1994 and a recording of their May 8, 1977, performance at Cornell University's Barton Hall was added to the National Recording Registry of the Library of Congress in 2012.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The Grateful Dead have sold more than 35 million albums worldwide.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The Grateful Dead was founded in the San Francisco Bay Area amid the rise of the counterculture of the 1960s.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The founding members were Jerry Garcia (lead guitar, vocals), Bob Weir (rhythm guitar, vocals), Ron \"Pigpen\" McKernan (keyboards, harmonica, vocals), Phil Lesh (bass, vocals), and Bill Kreutzmann (drums).", "Buckeye Union High School __knowledge__ Buckeye Union High School is a public high school in Buckeye, Arizona under the jurisdiction of the Buckeye Union High School District.", "Buckeye Union High School __knowledge__ The first students in the town of Buckeye graduated in 1921.", "Buckeye Union High School __knowledge__ Regular graduating classes began the next year for what was then known as Buckeye High School, and there were 23 alumni by 1925.", "Buckeye Union High School __knowledge__ In its first few years, the high school used four rooms of the Buckeye elementary school on Sixth Street; the other four, on the other side of the building, were used for the lower grades.", "Buckeye Union High School __knowledge__ Finally, the towns of Buckeye, Palo Verde, Arlington, and Liberty came together with the goal of forming an accredited high school.", "Buckeye Union High School District __knowledge__ The Buckeye Union High School District #201 (BUHSD) is a school district serving the town of Buckeye, Arizona and the far southern section of the city of Goodyear, Arizona.", "Buckeye Union High School District __knowledge__ Situated approximately 30 miles west of Phoenix, Arizona the district serves approximately 3710 students in three comprehensive high schools and one alternative school.", "Buckeye Union High School District __knowledge__ The district was founded in 1913 as Buckeye School District #33 and was later renamed to its current Buckeye Union High School District in 1930.", "Buckeye Union High School District __knowledge__ It operates Buckeye Union, Estrella Foothills, and Youngker high schools, as well as the Learning Center, an alternative school.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Yea ( ) is a town in Victoria, Australia north-east of Melbourne at the junction of the Goulburn Valley Highway and the Melba Highway, in the Shire of Murrindindi local government area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ In an area originally inhabited by the Taungurong people, it was first visited by Europeans of the Hume and Hovell expedition in 1824, and within 15 years most of the land in the area had been taken up by graziers.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Surveyed in 1855, the township grew as a service centre for grazing, gold-mining and timber-getting in the area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ The town has had a fairly stable population (around 1,100) since 1900, though it now has a relatively old population.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ 1776 is a musical with music and lyrics by Sherman Edwards and a book by Peter Stone.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ The story is based on the events surrounding the signing of the Declaration of Independence.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ It dramatizes the efforts of John Adams to persuade his colleagues to vote for American independence and to sign the document.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ It premiered on Broadway in 1969, earning warm reviews, and ran for 1,217 performances.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ The production was nominated for five Tony Awards and won three, including the Tony Award for Best Musical.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ In 1972 it was made into a film adaptation.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ It was revived on Broadway in 1997.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ In 1925, Rodgers and Hart had written a musical about the American Revolution, called \"Dearest Enemy\".", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Lacy Walter Giles Yea (20 May 1808 – 18 June 1855) was a British Army colonel, known for his role in the Crimean War, where he was killed in action.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Born in Park Row, Bristol, on 20 May 1808, he was eldest son of Sir William Walter Yea, second baronet, of Pyrland, near Taunton, Somerset, who married, on 24 June 1805, Anne Heckstetter (d. 1846), youngest daughter of Colonel David Michel of Dulish House, Dorset.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Lacy Yea was educated at Eton College.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ He was commissioned as ensign in the 37th foot on 6 October 1825, obtained an unattached lieutenancy on 19 December 1826, was appointed to the 5th Foot on 13 March 1827, and exchanged to the 7th (Royal Fusiliers) on 13 March 1828.", "Jebediah __knowledge__ Jebediah are an Australian alternative rock band formed in 1994 in Perth, Western Australia.", "Jebediah __knowledge__ They were formed by Chris Daymond on lead guitar, Kevin Mitchell (aka Bob Evans) on lead vocals and rhythm guitar, and Vanessa Thornton on bass guitar.", "Jebediah __knowledge__ They were joined a year later by Kevin's older brother, Brett Mitchell, on drums.", "Jebediah __knowledge__ After winning the National Campus Band Competition, the group were brought to national attention when their 1996 single \"Jerks of Attention\" received heavy airplay on Australian alternative radio station, Triple J – which was followed by their breakthrough debut album, \"Slightly Odway\" (8 September 1997).", "Yea Big + Kid Static __knowledge__ Yea Big + Kid Static is a hip-hop duo formerly based out of Chicago, Illinois.", "Yea Big + Kid Static __knowledge__ The group's two members, Stefen Robinson and Moses Harris, Jr., have been working together since 2005.", "Yea Big + Kid Static __knowledge__ The duo of Yea Big + Kid Static was formed in late 2005 by Stefen Robinson (Yea Big) and Moses Harris, Jr. (Kid Static).", "Yea Big + Kid Static __knowledge__ Their work is a blend of sample-based experimental hip-hop, D.I.Y.", "Yea Big + Kid Static __knowledge__ punk, and roots music.", "Yea Big + Kid Static __knowledge__ Yea Big + Kid Static has toured with bands as diverse as The Mae Shi, Rapider Than Horsepower, Bark Bark Bark and Gentleman Auction House; and released a digital-only side project, \"Secretary\", with Brad Breeck (of The Mae Shi) and Andrea Cochran.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The Beach Boys are an American rock band formed in Hawthorne, California, in 1961.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The group's original lineup consisted of brothers Brian, Dennis, and Carl Wilson; their cousin Mike Love; and their friend Al Jardine.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ Distinguished by their vocal harmonies and early surf songs, they are one of the most influential acts of the rock era.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The band drew on the music of jazz-based vocal groups, 1950s rock and roll, and black R&B to create their unique sound, and with Brian as producer, composer, and de facto leader, they pioneered novel approaches to popular music form and production.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ He later arranged his compositions for studio orchestras and explored a variety of other styles, often incorporating classical or jazz elements and unconventional recording techniques in innovative ways.", "Cultural impact of the Beatles __knowledge__ The Beatles were an English rock band, formed in Liverpool in 1960.", "Cultural impact of the Beatles __knowledge__ With members John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr, they became widely regarded as the foremost and most influential act of the rock era.", "Cultural impact of the Beatles __knowledge__ In the early 1960s, their enormous popularity first emerged as \"Beatlemania\", but as the group's music grew in sophistication, led by primary songwriters Lennon and McCartney, the band were integral to pop music's evolution into an art form and to the development of the counterculture of the 1960s.", "Cultural impact of the Beatles __knowledge__ Their continued commercial and critical success assisted many cultural movements—including a shift from American artists' global dominance of rock and roll to British acts (British Invasion), the proliferation of young musicians in the 1960s who formed new bands, the album as the dominant form of record consumption over singles, the term \"Beatlesque\" used to describe similar-sounding artists, and several fashion trends.", "Garage rock __knowledge__ Garage rock (sometimes called 60s punk or garage punk) is a raw and energetic style of rock and roll that flourished in the mid-1960s, most notably in the United States and Canada.", "Garage rock __knowledge__ The style is characterized by basic chord structures played on electric guitars and other instruments, sometimes distorted through a fuzzbox, as well as often unsophisticated and occasionally aggressive lyrics and delivery.", "Garage rock __knowledge__ The term \"garage rock\" derives from the perception that groups were often made up of young amateurs who rehearsed in the family garage, although many were professional.", "Garage rock __knowledge__ In the US and Canada, surf rock—and later the Beatles and other beat groups of the British Invasion—motivated thousands of young people to form bands between 1963 and 1968.", "Smile (The Beach Boys album) __knowledge__ Smile (sometimes stylized as SMiLE) was a projected album by American rock band the Beach Boys intended to follow their 11th studio album, \"Pet Sounds\" (1966).", "Smile (The Beach Boys album) __knowledge__ After bandleader Brian Wilson abandoned large portions of music recorded over a ten-month period, the band substituted its release with \"Smiley Smile\" (1967), an album containing stripped-down remakes of some \"Smile\" material.", "Smile (The Beach Boys album) __knowledge__ Some of the original \"Smile\" tracks eventually found their way onto subsequent Beach Boys' studio and compilation albums.", "Smile (The Beach Boys album) __knowledge__ As more fans learned of the project's origins, details of its recordings acquired considerable mystique, and it was later acknowledged as the most legendary unreleased album in the history of popular music.", "American rock __knowledge__ American rock is rock music from the United States.", "American rock __knowledge__ It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, rhythm and blues, and country music, and also drew on folk music, jazz, blues, and classical music.", "American rock __knowledge__ American rock music was further influenced by the British Invasion of the American pop charts from 1964 and resulted in the development of garage rock.", "American rock __knowledge__ From the late 1960s and early 1970s, American rock music was highly influential in the development of a number of fusions, including blending with folk music to create folk rock, with blues to create blues rock, with country music to create country rock, roots rock and southern rock and with jazz to create jazz rock, all of which contributed to psychedelic rock.", "Sodegaura __knowledge__ As of December 1, 2015, the city had an estimated population of 60,995 and a population density of 643 persons per km.", "Sodegaura __knowledge__ The total area was .", "Sodegaura __knowledge__ Chiba Prefecture Sodegaura is mentioned in the Nara period chronicle \"Kojiki\" in connection with the \"Yamatotakeru\" mythology, and at that time applied to the entire western coastline of the Boso Peninsula.", "Sodegaura __knowledge__ Modern Sodegaura was part of Kimitsu District from the Meiji period.", "Sodegaura __knowledge__ Sodegaura Town was formed on March 31, 1955 from the merger of the town of Shōwa with the neighboring village of Nagaura and a portion of the village of Negata.", "Sodegaura __knowledge__ It expanded through merger with the town of Hirakawa on November 3, 1971.", "American popular music __knowledge__ American popular music has had a profound effect on music across the world.", "American popular music __knowledge__ The country has seen the rise of popular styles that have had a significant influence on global culture, including ragtime, blues, jazz, swing, rock, bluegrass, country, R&B, doo wop, gospel, soul, funk, heavy metal, punk, disco, house, techno, salsa, grunge and hip hop.", "American popular music __knowledge__ In addition, the American music industry is quite diverse, supporting a number of regional styles such as zydeco, klezmer and slack-key.", "American popular music __knowledge__ Distinctive styles of American popular music emerged early in the 19th century, and in the 20th century the American music industry developed a series of new forms of music, using elements of blues and other genres of American folk music." ] ]

[ 1, 47, 16, 62 ]

[ "Really? I haven't listened much to the American rock band from California.", "Same. I like the beach boys from Hawthorne California. Do you?", "Yeah they have get surf songs and are an influential act of the rock era.", "What other american rock music do you like?" ]

[ "Grateful Dead", "Grateful Dead", "Grateful Dead", "Grateful Dead" ]

[ "Hiking", "I agree, I enjoy hiking with my dog. Its quite the experience!", "You're right, I make sure I only go when its cool and windy because my dog doesn't like the heat!", "I see, but that might involve quite a long flight! But I will be sure to visit UK and see why people like hiking so much there." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hiking __knowledge__ Hiking is the preferred term, in Canada and the United States, for a long, vigorous walk, usually on trails (footpaths), in the countryside, while the word walking is used for shorter, particularly urban walks.", "Hiking __knowledge__ On the other hand, in the United Kingdom, and the Republic of Ireland, the word \"walking\" is acceptable to describe \"all forms\" of walking, whether it is a walk in the park or backpacking in the Alps.", "Hiking __knowledge__ The word hiking is also often used in the UK, along with rambling (a slightly old-fashioned term), hillwalking, and fell walking (a term mostly used for hillwalking in northern England).", "Hiking __knowledge__ The term bushwalking is endemic to Australia, having been adopted by the Sydney Bush Walkers club in 1927.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In New Zealand a long, vigorous walk or hike is called tramping.", "Hiking __knowledge__ It is a popular activity with numerous worldwide, and studies suggest that all forms of walking have health benefits.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In the United States, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, and United Kingdom, hiking means walking outdoors on a trail, or off trail, for recreational purposes.", "Hiking __knowledge__ A day hike refers to a hike that can be completed in a single day.", "Hiking __knowledge__ However, in the United Kingdom, the word walking is also used, as well as rambling, while walking in mountainous areas is called hillwalking." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hiking __knowledge__ Hiking is the preferred term, in Canada and the United States, for a long, vigorous walk, usually on trails (footpaths), in the countryside, while the word walking is used for shorter, particularly urban walks.", "Hiking __knowledge__ On the other hand, in the United Kingdom, and the Republic of Ireland, the word \"walking\" is acceptable to describe \"all forms\" of walking, whether it is a walk in the park or backpacking in the Alps.", "Hiking __knowledge__ The word hiking is also often used in the UK, along with rambling (a slightly old-fashioned term), hillwalking, and fell walking (a term mostly used for hillwalking in northern England).", "Hiking __knowledge__ The term bushwalking is endemic to Australia, having been adopted by the Sydney Bush Walkers club in 1927.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In New Zealand a long, vigorous walk or hike is called tramping.", "Hiking __knowledge__ It is a popular activity with numerous worldwide, and studies suggest that all forms of walking have health benefits.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In the United States, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, and United Kingdom, hiking means walking outdoors on a trail, or off trail, for recreational purposes.", "Hiking __knowledge__ A day hike refers to a hike that can be completed in a single day.", "Hiking __knowledge__ However, in the United Kingdom, the word walking is also used, as well as rambling, while walking in mountainous areas is called hillwalking.", "Bernese Mountain Dog __knowledge__ The Bernese Mountain Dog () is a large-sized breed of dog, one of the four breeds of Sennenhund-type dogs from the Swiss Alps.", "Bernese Mountain Dog __knowledge__ The name \"Sennenhund\" is derived from the German \"Senne\" (\"alpine pasture\") and \"Hund\" (\"dog\"), as they accompanied the alpine herders and dairymen called \"Senn\".", "Bernese Mountain Dog __knowledge__ \"Berner\" (or \"Bernese\" in English) refers to the area of the breed’s origin, in the canton of Bern.", "Bernese Mountain Dog __knowledge__ This mountain dog was originally kept as a general farm dog.", "Bernese Mountain Dog __knowledge__ Large Sennenhunde in the past were also used as draft animals, pulling carts.", "Bernese Mountain Dog __knowledge__ The breed was officially established in 1907.", "Bernese Mountain Dog __knowledge__ In 1937, the American Kennel Club recognized it; today, the club classifies it as a member of the Working Group.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Varde __knowledge__ Varde is a Danish city in southwestern Jutland and is the primary city in the municipality of Varde, in Region of Southern Denmark.", "Varde __knowledge__ In 2015 municipality changed its motto to \"We in nature\" to emphasize its rural atmosphere.", "Varde __knowledge__ The town has an old market environment and is located by Varde stream/river and is a short distance away from the beaches by the North Sea.", "Varde __knowledge__ These features make it a popular tourist destination.", "Varde __knowledge__ The age of Varde is not known precisely, but it is mentioned in written sources from 1107 A.D. and is therefore thought have been founded sometime in the early Middle Ages.", "Varde __knowledge__ Early on the name of Varde is presented in 2 different versions \"Warwath\" and \"Warwik.\"", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ This is a list of all 90 television episodes from the British television series \"All Creatures Great and Small\".", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ Dates shown are original broadcast dates on BBC One.", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ The core quartet of characters — James Herriot, Siegfried Farnon, Tristan Farnon and Helen Herriot (née Alderson) — appear, unless otherwise stated.", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ James and Siegfried are the only two characters to appear in every episode.", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ Tristan appears in 65 episodes, Helen in 87.", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ The final appearances of regular cast members are also noted.", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ The opening credits, filmed in 1977 for the first three series, feature Siegfried and James driving around the Dales and, at one point, sharing a laugh in the car.", "Hippie __knowledge__ A hippie (sometimes spelled hippy) is a member of a counterculture, originally a youth movement that began in the United States during the mid-1960s and spread to other countries around the world.", "Hippie __knowledge__ The word \"hippie\" came from \"hipster\" and used to describe beatniks who moved into New York City's Greenwich Village and San Francisco's Haight-Ashbury district.", "Hippie __knowledge__ The term \"hippie\" first found popularity in San Francisco by Herb Caen, a journalist for the \"San Francisco Chronicle\".", "Hippie __knowledge__ The origins of the terms \"hip\" and \"hep\" are uncertain.", "Hippie __knowledge__ By the 1940s, both had become part of African American jive slang and meant \"sophisticated; currently fashionable; fully up-to-date\".", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ Paz, also known as The Paz Show or Paz the Penguin, is an animated television series that debuted on February 24, 2003 on Discovery Kids and TLC in the United States.", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ It also aired on Treehouse TV in Canada, and on ITV in the United Kingdom.", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ The show was produced by Telescreen BV, Egmont Imagination, King Rollo Films, Open Mind Productions, and Discovery Kids.", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ The series was based on a series of books written and illustrated by Mary Murphy.", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ 1.", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ THE RIGHT MOVES: Pig teaches a dance class with surprising results.", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ Sometimes mistakes are the best part!", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ At first, Pig worries that she is a bad dance teacher.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ The Greater Swiss Mountain Dog ( or ) is a dog breed which was developed in the Swiss Alps.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ The name \"Sennenhund\" refers to people called \"Senn\" or \"Senner\", dairymen and herders in the Swiss Alps.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ Greater Swiss Mountain Dogs are almost certainly the result of indigenous dogs mating with large mastiff types brought to Switzerland by foreign settlers.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ At one time, the breed was believed to have been among the most popular in Switzerland.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ It was assumed to have almost died out by the late 19th century, since its work was being done by other breeds or machines, but was rediscovered in the early 1900s.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ Amazing Stories is an American science fiction magazine launched in April 1926 by Hugo Gernsback's Experimenter Publishing.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ It was the first magazine devoted solely to science fiction.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ Science fiction stories had made regular appearances in other magazines, including some published by Gernsback, but \"Amazing\" helped define and launch a new genre of pulp fiction.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ \"Amazing\" was published, with some interruptions, for almost eighty years, going through a half-dozen owners and many editors as it struggled to be profitable.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ Gernsback was forced into bankruptcy and lost control of the magazine in 1929, and by 1938 it was purchased by Ziff-Davis, who hired Raymond A. Palmer as editor.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Glory Days is the sixteenth season of \"The Biggest Loser\" which premiered on September 11, 2014 on NBC.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ Bob Harper and Dolvett Quince returned as trainers, while Jillian Michaels decided to leave the show.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ There are two new trainers this season: Jessie Pavelka and Jennifer Widerstrom.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season, the contestants are all former athletes including former National Football League players and Olympic Gold medalists.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize which was awarded to Toma Dobrosavljevic, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season was also the last for host Alison Sweeney to focus on other projects.", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ Science fiction and fantasy magazines began to be published in the US in the 1920s.", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ Stories with science fiction themes had been appearing for decades in pulp magazines such as \"Argosy\", but there were no magazines that specialized in a single genre until 1915, when Street & Smith, one of the major pulp publishers, brought out \"Detective Story Magazine\".", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ The first magazine to focus solely on fantasy and horror was \"Weird Tales\", which was launched in 1923, and established itself as the leading weird fiction magazine over the next two decades; writers such as H.P.", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ Lovecraft, Clark Ashton Smith and Robert E. Howard became regular contributors.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ The fictional Marvel Comics superhero Spider-Man, who debuted in 1962, is well known for his unique superhuman abilities as depicted in the comics and other media.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ He receives most of his powers when he is bitten by a radioactive common house spider.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ He uses his technical skill to develop equipment and weapons to complement his powers, and wears a number of costumes, many of which have special properties.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ When Peter Parker was bitten by an irradiated spider, radioactive mutagenic enzymes in the spider's venom quickly caused numerous body-wide changes.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ Immediately after the bite, he was granted his original powers: primarily superhuman strength, reflexes, and balance; the ability to cling tenaciously to most surfaces; and a subconscious ability to sense everything in his surroundings, which he called a \"spider-sense\".", "Amazing Grace __knowledge__ \"Amazing Grace\" is a Christian hymn published in 1779, with words written by the English poet and Anglican clergyman John Newton (1725–1807).", "Amazing Grace __knowledge__ Newton wrote the words from personal experience.", "Amazing Grace __knowledge__ He grew up without any particular religious conviction, but his life's path was formed by a variety of twists and coincidences that were often put into motion by his recalcitrant insubordination.", "Amazing Grace __knowledge__ He was pressed (conscripted) into service in the Royal Navy, and after leaving the service, he became involved in the Atlantic slave trade.", "Amazing Grace __knowledge__ In 1748, a violent storm battered his vessel off the coast of County Donegal, Ireland, so severely that he called out to God for mercy, a moment that marked his spiritual conversion.", "Elemental Gelade __knowledge__ The manga series has been adapted into an anime television series produced by Xebec, two light novels, two video games for the PlayStation 2 and Game Boy Advance and four drama CDs.", "Elemental Gelade __knowledge__ The anime ended after 26 episodes.", "Elemental Gelade __knowledge__ The manga ended in 2009.", "Elemental Gelade __knowledge__ Prior to the original broadcast of the anime on TV Tokyo on April 5, 2005, both the manga and anime were licensed by Tokyopop and Geneon Entertainment, respectively for North American distribution.", "Elemental Gelade __knowledge__ The announcement was made even after ADV announced they acquired licensing rights for both manga and anime a year before.", "Elemental Gelade __knowledge__ The tale of \"Elemental Gelade\" is set in the world of Guardia where beings called Edel Raids co-exist with humans.", "What's So Amazing About Grace? __knowledge__ What's So Amazing About Grace?", "What's So Amazing About Grace? __knowledge__ is a 1997 book by Philip Yancey, an American journalist and editor-at-large for \"Christianity Today\".", "What's So Amazing About Grace? __knowledge__ The book examines grace in Christianity, contending that people crave grace and that it is central to the gospel, but that many local churches ignore grace and instead seek to exterminate immorality.", "What's So Amazing About Grace? __knowledge__ \"What's So Amazing About Grace?\"", "What's So Amazing About Grace? __knowledge__ includes Bible stories, anecdotes from Yancey's life, accounts of historical events and other stories.", "What's So Amazing About Grace? __knowledge__ These include a modern retelling of the Parable of the Prodigal Son, an account of Yancey's friendship with Mel White who came out as homosexual, a comparison of the teachings of early Christians Pelagius and Augustine of Hippo, and a summary of Karen Blixen's short story \"Babette's Feast\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hiking __knowledge__ Hiking is the preferred term, in Canada and the United States, for a long, vigorous walk, usually on trails (footpaths), in the countryside, while the word walking is used for shorter, particularly urban walks.", "Hiking __knowledge__ On the other hand, in the United Kingdom, and the Republic of Ireland, the word \"walking\" is acceptable to describe \"all forms\" of walking, whether it is a walk in the park or backpacking in the Alps.", "Hiking __knowledge__ The word hiking is also often used in the UK, along with rambling (a slightly old-fashioned term), hillwalking, and fell walking (a term mostly used for hillwalking in northern England).", "Hiking __knowledge__ The term bushwalking is endemic to Australia, having been adopted by the Sydney Bush Walkers club in 1927.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In New Zealand a long, vigorous walk or hike is called tramping.", "Hiking __knowledge__ It is a popular activity with numerous worldwide, and studies suggest that all forms of walking have health benefits.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In the United States, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, and United Kingdom, hiking means walking outdoors on a trail, or off trail, for recreational purposes.", "Hiking __knowledge__ A day hike refers to a hike that can be completed in a single day.", "Hiking __knowledge__ However, in the United Kingdom, the word walking is also used, as well as rambling, while walking in mountainous areas is called hillwalking.", "Urban heat island __knowledge__ An urban heat island (UHI) is an urban area or metropolitan area that is significantly warmer than its surrounding rural areas due to human activities.", "Urban heat island __knowledge__ The temperature difference usually is larger at night than during the day, and is most apparent when winds are weak.", "Urban heat island __knowledge__ UHI is most noticeable during the summer and winter.", "Urban heat island __knowledge__ The main cause of the urban heat island effect is from the modification of land surfaces.", "Urban heat island __knowledge__ Waste heat generated by energy usage is a secondary contributor.", "Urban heat island __knowledge__ As a population center grows, it tends to expand its area and increase its average temperature.", "Urban heat island __knowledge__ The less-used term heat island refers to any area, populated or not, which is consistently hotter than the surrounding area.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "The Neptunes production discography __knowledge__ The Neptunes are a two-member producing group consisting of Pharrell Williams and Chad Hugo.", "The Neptunes production discography __knowledge__ This discography lists the recorded performances as a duo and individuals.", "The Neptunes production discography __knowledge__ It also lists the writing and production credits as The Neptunes, as Williams or Hugo, or both.", "The Neptunes production discography __knowledge__ Song names that are bold are singles, album names/releases are in \"italics\".", "The Neptunes production discography __knowledge__ S.B.I.", "The Neptunes production discography __knowledge__ (Surrounded By Idiots) – \"S.B.I.", "The Neptunes production discography __knowledge__ (Surrounded By Idiots) (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" (With Larry Live, DJ Timmy Tim aka \"Timbaland\", Mr. Magoo & Magnum The Verb Lord aka \"Pharrell Williams\", All Tracks Produced By DJ Timmy Tim aka \"Timbaland\") Wreckx N' Effect – \"Hard Or Smooth (November 24th, US #9)\" (All Tracks Produced By Teddy Riley, Written By Pharrell Williams) BLACKstreet – \"BLACKstreet (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" (Produced By Teddy Riley) SWV – \"Right Here (VLS) (July 10th, US #29)\" (All Tracks Produced By Teddy Riley) The Legacy – \"Technobodies (Unreleased)\" (All Tracks Produced By DJ Chase Chad aka Chad Hugo) The Party – \"All About Love (Promo CDS)\" (Produced By Demetrius Ship) BLACKstreet – \"Blackstreet (June 21st, US #7)\" Wreckx N' Effect – \"NBA Jam Session\" (Produced By Teddy Riley, Written By Pharrell Williams) Average Guyz – \"First Come, First Serve (Unreleased)\" (Produced By Chad Hugo) * * Mystikal – \"Mind Of Mystikal (October 15th)\" (Produced By Pharrell Williams & Leroy 'Precise' Edwards) SWV – \"The New Beginning (April 23)\" \"Use Your Heart (CDS) (July 28th, #6)\" Total – \"Total (January 13, US #23)\" (Samples Bee Gee's – Love You Inside Out) Jay-Z – \"In My Lifetime Vol.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "I Love Money (season 1) __knowledge__ I Love Money is a reality television game show that aired on VH1.", "I Love Money (season 1) __knowledge__ The show was created by \"The Surreal Life\" executive producers Cris Abrego and Mark Cronin.", "I Love Money (season 1) __knowledge__ The contestants on this series are from the first two seasons of \"Flavor of Love, I Love New York\" and \"Rock of Love\", and are competing in physical and mental challenges in an attempt to win $250,000.", "I Love Money (season 1) __knowledge__ Production started in early February 2008, and concluded in March 2008.", "I Love Money (season 1) __knowledge__ The show premiered on July 6, 2008 and the casting special aired on July 1.", "I Love Money (season 1) __knowledge__ The show is hosted by Craig J. Jackson.", "I Love Money (season 1) __knowledge__ The winner of the competition was Nicole Alexander, also known as Hoopz.", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ Paz, also known as The Paz Show or Paz the Penguin, is an animated television series that debuted on February 24, 2003 on Discovery Kids and TLC in the United States.", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ It also aired on Treehouse TV in Canada, and on ITV in the United Kingdom.", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ The show was produced by Telescreen BV, Egmont Imagination, King Rollo Films, Open Mind Productions, and Discovery Kids.", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ The series was based on a series of books written and illustrated by Mary Murphy.", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ 1.", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ THE RIGHT MOVES: Pig teaches a dance class with surprising results.", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ Sometimes mistakes are the best part!", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ At first, Pig worries that she is a bad dance teacher.", "Windy Nook __knowledge__ Windy Nook is a village in Tyne and Wear, England, bordered by Carr Hill to the west, Leam Lane Estate to the east, Felling to the north and Sheriff Hill to the south.", "Windy Nook __knowledge__ It lies on steep, sloping land south of Gateshead, south of Newcastle upon Tyne and north of Durham.", "Windy Nook __knowledge__ In 2011, the Windy Nook and Whitehills ward had a population of 9,781.", "Windy Nook __knowledge__ Formerly part of Heworth, it was incorporated into the newly formed Metropolitan Borough of Gateshead on 1 April 1974.", "Windy Nook __knowledge__ Windy Nook has a long industrial history, with evidence of milling and pottery in the area.", "Windy Nook __knowledge__ The principal industry, however, was stone quarrying, and the initial settlement grew as this industry flourished.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Downton Abbey, a British period drama television series created by Julian Fellowes and co-produced by Carnival Films and Masterpiece for ITV and PBS, respectively.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Robert Crawley, The 7th Earl of Grantham (also known as Lord Grantham) (played by Hugh Bonneville) was born in 1866 at Downton Abbey.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ His parents are the late 6th Earl of Grantham and the Dowager Countess of Grantham, Violet Crawley.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ He has a sister named Rosamund.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Despite the family's financial situation, Robert's education was privileged and he was tutored from ages 7 to 13, before attending Eton and then Christ Church, Oxford, where he studied philosophy.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ Chris Cornell (born Christopher John Boyle; July 20, 1964 – May 18, 2017) was an American musician, singer, and songwriter.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ He was best known as the lead vocalist for the rock bands Soundgarden and Audioslave.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ Cornell was also known for his numerous solo works and soundtrack contributions since 1991, and as the founder and frontman for Temple of the Dog, the one-off tribute band dedicated to his late friend Andrew Wood.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ Cornell is considered one of the chief architects of the 1990s grunge movement, and is well known for his extensive catalog as a songwriter, his nearly four-octave vocal range, and his powerful vocal belting technique.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The origin of the domestic dog is not clear.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog is a member of the genus \"Canis\", which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The closest living relative of the dog is the extant gray wolf and there is no evidence of any other canine contributing to its genetic lineage.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The archaeological record shows the first undisputed dog remains buried beside humans 14,700 years ago, with disputed remains occurring 36,000 years ago.", "List of Ouran High School Host Club characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the shōjo manga series Ouran High School Host Club, created by Bisco Hatori.", "List of Ouran High School Host Club characters __knowledge__ Ouran Academy is an elite upper school catering to the ultra-rich.", "List of Ouran High School Host Club characters __knowledge__ Haruhi Fujioka is a middle-class scholarship student, a rarity at the school.", "List of Ouran High School Host Club characters __knowledge__ While searching for a quiet place to study, she stumbles upon an unused music room which turns out to be the club room for the school's Host Club — a group of idle rich boys, possessing exceptional good-looks, who entertain female clients.", "List of Ouran High School Host Club characters __knowledge__ After accidentally knocking over a priceless Renaissance vase that's worth far more than Haruhi can possibly repay (¥8 million), she is forced to join the Host Club as an \"errand boy\" to work off her debt.", "Lad, A Dog __knowledge__ Lad: A Dog is a 1919 American novel written by Albert Payson Terhune and published by E. P. Dutton.", "Lad, A Dog __knowledge__ Composed of twelve short stories first published in magazines, the novel is based on the life of Terhune's real-life rough collie, Lad.", "Lad, A Dog __knowledge__ Born in 1902, the real-life Lad was an unregistered collie of unknown lineage originally owned by Terhune's father.", "Lad, A Dog __knowledge__ Lad's death in 1918 was mourned by many of the story's fans, particularly children.", "Lad, A Dog __knowledge__ Through the stories of Lad's adventures, Terhune expresses his views on parenting, obtaining perfect obedience without force, and the nature and rights of the \"well-bred\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hiking __knowledge__ Hiking is the preferred term, in Canada and the United States, for a long, vigorous walk, usually on trails (footpaths), in the countryside, while the word walking is used for shorter, particularly urban walks.", "Hiking __knowledge__ On the other hand, in the United Kingdom, and the Republic of Ireland, the word \"walking\" is acceptable to describe \"all forms\" of walking, whether it is a walk in the park or backpacking in the Alps.", "Hiking __knowledge__ The word hiking is also often used in the UK, along with rambling (a slightly old-fashioned term), hillwalking, and fell walking (a term mostly used for hillwalking in northern England).", "Hiking __knowledge__ The term bushwalking is endemic to Australia, having been adopted by the Sydney Bush Walkers club in 1927.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In New Zealand a long, vigorous walk or hike is called tramping.", "Hiking __knowledge__ It is a popular activity with numerous worldwide, and studies suggest that all forms of walking have health benefits.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In the United States, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, and United Kingdom, hiking means walking outdoors on a trail, or off trail, for recreational purposes.", "Hiking __knowledge__ A day hike refers to a hike that can be completed in a single day.", "Hiking __knowledge__ However, in the United Kingdom, the word walking is also used, as well as rambling, while walking in mountainous areas is called hillwalking.", "Birmingham Back to Backs __knowledge__ The Birmingham Back to Backs (also known as Court 15) are the city's last surviving court of back-to-back houses.", "Birmingham Back to Backs __knowledge__ They are preserved as examples of the thousands of similar houses that were built around shared courtyards, for the rapidly increasing population of Britain's expanding industrial towns.", "Birmingham Back to Backs __knowledge__ They are a very particular sort of British terraced housing.", "Birmingham Back to Backs __knowledge__ This sort of housing was deemed unsatisfactory, and the passage of the Public Health Act 1875 meant that no more were built; instead byelaw terraced houses took their place.", "Birmingham Back to Backs __knowledge__ This court, at 50–54 Inge Street and 55–63 Hurst Street, is now operated as a historic house museum by the National Trust.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ There are many varieties of criticism.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ This article describes common types that occur regularly in everyday life.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ For other criteria that classify criticisms, see this page.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ For more subject-specific information, see the pages on topics such as art, film, literature, theatre, or architecture.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ Aesthetic criticism is a part of aesthetics concerned with critically judging beauty and ugliness, tastefulness and tastelessness, style and fashion, meaning and quality of design—and issues of human sentiment and affect (the evoking of pleasure and pain, likes and dislikes).", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ Most parts of human life have an aesthetic dimension, which means there is plenty potential for criticism.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants Inc. is an American video game developer founded in 1994 by special-effects and computer-animation veterans Sherry McKenna and Lorne Lanning.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The company is primarily known for the incomplete \"Oddworld Quintology\", a series of award-winning video games about the fictional planet of Oddworld and its native creatures.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The series debuted with \"\" in 1997 and continued with \"\" in 2001 but the studio has also developed standalone titles \"\" in 1998 and \"\" in 2005.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants took a break from game development for a time following the release of \"Stranger's Wrath\", even though it had already begun preliminary work on its next Oddworld title, \"The Brutal Ballad of Fangus Klot\".", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Wright brothers __knowledge__ The Wright brothers, Orville (August 19, 1871 – January 30, 1948) and Wilbur (April 16, 1867 – May 30, 1912), were two American aviators, engineers, inventors, and aviation pioneers who are generally credited with inventing, building, and flying the world's first successful airplane.", "Wright brothers __knowledge__ They made the first controlled, sustained flight of a powered, heavier-than-air aircraft on December 17, 1903, four miles south of Kitty Hawk, North Carolina.", "Wright brothers __knowledge__ In 1904–05 the brothers developed their flying machine into the first practical fixed-wing aircraft.", "Wright brothers __knowledge__ Although not the first to build experimental aircraft, the Wright brothers were the first to invent aircraft controls that made fixed-wing powered flight possible.", "AI Mk. VIII radar __knowledge__ Airborne Interception radar, Mark VIII, or AI Mk.", "AI Mk. VIII radar __knowledge__ VIII for short, was the first operational microwave-frequency air-to-air radar.", "AI Mk. VIII radar __knowledge__ It was used by Royal Air Force night fighters from late 1941 until the end of World War II.", "AI Mk. VIII radar __knowledge__ The basic concept, using a moving parabolic antenna to search for targets and track them accurately, remained in use by most airborne radars well into the 1980s.", "AI Mk. VIII radar __knowledge__ Low-level development began in 1939 but was greatly sped after the introduction of the cavity magnetron in early 1940.", "AI Mk. VIII radar __knowledge__ This operated at 9.1 cm wavelength (3 GHz), much shorter than the 1.5 m wavelength of the earlier AI Mk.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Pacific Crest Trail __knowledge__ The Pacific Crest Trail (commonly abbreviated as the PCT, and officially designated as the Pacific Crest National Scenic Trail) is a long-distance hiking and equestrian trail closely aligned with the highest portion of the Sierra Nevada and Cascade mountain ranges, which lie east of the U.S. Pacific coast.", "Pacific Crest Trail __knowledge__ The trail's southern terminus is on the U.S. border with Mexico, just south of Campo, California, and its northern terminus on the Canada–US border on the edge of Manning Park in British Columbia; its corridor through the U.S. is in the states of California, Oregon, and Washington.", "Pacific Crest Trail __knowledge__ The Pacific Crest Trail is long and ranges in elevation from just above sea level at the Oregon–Washington border to at Forester Pass in the Sierra Nevada.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The Appalachian National Scenic Trail, generally known as the Appalachian Trail or simply the A.T., is a marked hiking trail in the Eastern United States extending between Springer Mountain in Georgia and Mount Katahdin in Maine.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The trail is estimated around 2,200 miles (3,500 km) long, though the exact length changes over time as parts are modified or rerouted.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The Appalachian Trail Conservancy claims that the Appalachian Trail is the longest hiking-only trail in the world.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ More than 2 million people are said to take a hike on part of the trail at least once each year.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The idea of the Appalachian Trail came about in 1921.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Toro Negro State Forest __knowledge__ Toro Negro State Forest (Spanish: \"Bosque Estatal de Toro Negro\") is one of the 21 forests that make up the public forests system in Puerto Rico.", "Toro Negro State Forest __knowledge__ It is also Puerto Rico's highest cloud forest.", "Toro Negro State Forest __knowledge__ It is located in the Cordillera Central region of the island and covers , of mountains.", "Toro Negro State Forest __knowledge__ Toro Negro's mountains have heights reaching up to and include Cerro de Punta, Cerro Jayuya and Cerro Rosa, the three highest peaks in the island.", "Toro Negro State Forest __knowledge__ Nested among these mountains is Lake Guineo, the island's highest lake.", "Toro Negro State Forest __knowledge__ The forest has of trails, an observation tower, two natural swimming pools (Spanish:\"\"charcos\"\"), camping and picnic areas, nine rivers, and numerous creeks and waterfalls.", "Hiking in Kosovo __knowledge__ Hiking in Kosovo started with establishment of the first hiking association in 1928, and it continued with creation of different association all around the territory which was then part of Yugoslavia.", "Hiking in Kosovo __knowledge__ After the Kosovo War a lot was done also by the support of the societies such as: HikingNjeri which have worked hard to not only organize activities, but also to expose hiking to the general public via social media.", "Hiking in Kosovo __knowledge__ Hiking as an activity started in its true sense circa 1930, the year in which a group of friends climbed the Gjeravica mountain in Peć.", "Hiking in Kosovo __knowledge__ This was the first time that a peak in Kosovo was climbed (there is no evidence of that)." ] ]

[ 6, 8, 2, 53 ]

[ "I love hiking so much. It's such amazing exercise and you get to see so much of the world at the same time!", "I can imagine! You could go on a day hike, and in a single day you and your dog could bond and enjoy nature together.", "To get away from the heat, you could hike in the UK, where they just call it walking as a catch-all term for any kind of hiking activity.", "That's true, it is a long flight. In the US though, you could hike the Appalachian National Scenic Trail, as long as you can make it all 2200 miles!" ]

[ "Hiking", "Hiking", "Hiking", "Hiking" ]

[ "One Direction\nI really do love One Direction, they have been one of my favorite bands for some time, do you know about them?", "Yeah they are so cool! Do you know when they first started singing? I believe it wasnt too long ago was it? ", "Oh really? I had no idea they started on X Factor. thats neat!", "Thats awesome. How many band members were in One Direction when they began, was it the same as today?", "Oh ok yeah that sounds about right, Louis is my favorite, Do you know anything about him? " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "One Direction __knowledge__ One Direction (commonly abbreviated as 1D) are an English-Irish pop boy band based in London, composed of Niall Horan, Liam Payne, Harry Styles, Louis Tomlinson, and Zayn Malik until the latter's departure on 25 March 2015.", "One Direction __knowledge__ The group signed with Simon Cowell's record label Syco Records after forming and finishing third in the seventh series of the British televised singing competition \"The X Factor\" in 2010.", "One Direction __knowledge__ Propelled to international success by social media, One Direction's five albums, \"Up All Night\" (2011), \"Take Me Home\" (2012), \"Midnight Memories\" (2013), \"Four\" (2014), and \"Made in the A.M.\" (2015), topped charts in most major markets, and generated hit singles including \"What Makes You Beautiful\", \"Live While We're Young\", \"Little Things\", \"Best Song Ever\", \"Story of My Life\", \"Drag Me Down\" and \"Perfect\".", "One Direction __knowledge__ Their awards include six Brit Awards, four MTV Video Music Awards, eleven MTV Europe Music Awards, seven American Music Awards (including Artist of the Year in 2014 and 2015), and 28 Teen Choice Awards, among many others.", "One Direction __knowledge__ According to Nick Gatfield, the chairman and chief executive of Sony Music Entertainment UK, One Direction represented a $50 million business empire by June 2012.", "List of awards and nominations received by One Direction __knowledge__ One Direction are an English-Irish boy band consisting of members Niall Horan, Liam Payne, Harry Styles and Louis Tomlinson.", "List of awards and nominations received by One Direction __knowledge__ In addition, Zayn Malik was a member until his departure from the band, announced on 25 March 2015.", "List of awards and nominations received by One Direction __knowledge__ One Direction have released five hit albums, \"Up All Night\" (2011), \"Take Me Home\" (2012), \"Midnight Memories\" (2013), \"Four\" (2014), and \"Made in the A.M.\" (2015).", "List of awards and nominations received by One Direction __knowledge__ The band has won numerous awards, among them six Billboard Music Awards, seven Brit Awards, seven American Music Awards and 28 Teen Choice Awards.", "List of awards and nominations received by One Direction __knowledge__ The Music Video Honours is an Annual music awards show by 4Music, a music and entertainment channel in the United Kingdom and available on some digital television providers in the Republic of Ireland.", "Up All Night (One Direction album) __knowledge__ Up All Night is the debut studio album by English-Irish group One Direction, released by Syco Records in November 2011 in Ireland and the United Kingdom, followed by a worldwide release during 2012.", "Up All Night (One Direction album) __knowledge__ Four months after finishing third in the seventh series of British reality singing contest \"The X Factor\" in December 2010, One Direction began recording the album in Sweden, UK and the United States, working with a variety of writers and producers.", "Up All Night (One Direction album) __knowledge__ The album is predominantly a pop music album which orientates into pop rock, dance-pop, teen pop and power pop.", "Up All Night (One Direction album) __knowledge__ The album's lyrical content regards being young, relationships, heartbreak and empowerment.", "Live While We're Young __knowledge__ \"Live While We're Young\" is a song by English-Irish boy band One Direction, released as the lead single from their second studio album, \"Take Me Home\" (2012).", "Live While We're Young __knowledge__ Written by Savan Kotecha and its producers, Rami Yacoub and Carl Falk, the number was released by Syco Records on 28 September 2012.", "Live While We're Young __knowledge__ Falk, Kotecha, and Yacoub had collaboratively helmed One Direction's previous hits, \"What Makes You Beautiful\" and \"One Thing\".", "Live While We're Young __knowledge__ The track is an uptempo, upbeat bubblegum pop song which features rock undertones, vocal harmonies, hand claps, prominent electric guitar riffs, and repetitive synthesizers.", "Live While We're Young __knowledge__ The chorus of the song is predominantly featured alongside the bridge, and is backed by wordless chants.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ Red Hot Chili Peppers are an American funk rock band formed in Los Angeles in 1983.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ The group's musical style primarily consists of rock with an emphasis on funk, as well as elements from other genres such as punk rock and psychedelic rock.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ When played live, their music incorporates elements of jam band due to the improvised nature of many of their performances.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ Currently, the band consists of founding members vocalist/rhythm guitarist Anthony Kiedis and bassist Flea, longtime drummer Chad Smith, and former touring guitarist Josh Klinghoffer.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ Red Hot Chili Peppers are one of the best-selling bands of all time with over 80 million records sold worldwide, have been nominated for sixteen Grammy Awards, of which they have won six, and are the most successful band in alternative rock radio history, currently holding the records for most number-one singles (13), most cumulative weeks at number one (85) and most top-ten songs (25) on the \"Billboard\" Alternative Songs chart.", "Harry Styles __knowledge__ Harry Edward Styles (born 1 February 1994) is an English singer, songwriter, and actor.", "Harry Styles __knowledge__ He rose to stardom as a member of the boy band One Direction.", "Harry Styles __knowledge__ Styles grew up in Holmes Chapel, Cheshire, where he performed as a singer with his band White Eskimo.", "Harry Styles __knowledge__ In 2010, Styles auditioned as a solo artist for the British music competition series \"The X Factor\", where he and four other contestants joined to form One Direction.", "Harry Styles __knowledge__ One Direction have since released five albums, performed four worldwide tours, and won several awards.", "Harry Styles __knowledge__ One Direction went on an extended hiatus in January 2016.", "Harry Styles __knowledge__ In June 2016, Styles signed a recording deal as a solo artist with Columbia Records.", "Mind of Mine __knowledge__ Mind of Mine is the debut studio album by English singer-songwriter Zayn, released on 25 March 2016 by RCA Records.", "Mind of Mine __knowledge__ Primarily an R&B and alternative R&B, the album blends elements from a number of genres, including pop, folk, dub, soul, funk, electronic, Qawwali, hip hop, reggae, classical and soft rock, among others.", "Mind of Mine __knowledge__ The album was preceded by the release of two singles: \"Pillowtalk\" (which debuted at number one in a number of international charts, including the UK Singles Chart and the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100), and \"Like I Would\".", "Mind of Mine __knowledge__ A third single \"Wrong\", featuring Kehlani, was also subsequently released." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "One Direction __knowledge__ One Direction (commonly abbreviated as 1D) are an English-Irish pop boy band based in London, composed of Niall Horan, Liam Payne, Harry Styles, Louis Tomlinson, and Zayn Malik until the latter's departure on 25 March 2015.", "One Direction __knowledge__ The group signed with Simon Cowell's record label Syco Records after forming and finishing third in the seventh series of the British televised singing competition \"The X Factor\" in 2010.", "One Direction __knowledge__ Propelled to international success by social media, One Direction's five albums, \"Up All Night\" (2011), \"Take Me Home\" (2012), \"Midnight Memories\" (2013), \"Four\" (2014), and \"Made in the A.M.\" (2015), topped charts in most major markets, and generated hit singles including \"What Makes You Beautiful\", \"Live While We're Young\", \"Little Things\", \"Best Song Ever\", \"Story of My Life\", \"Drag Me Down\" and \"Perfect\".", "One Direction __knowledge__ Their awards include six Brit Awards, four MTV Video Music Awards, eleven MTV Europe Music Awards, seven American Music Awards (including Artist of the Year in 2014 and 2015), and 28 Teen Choice Awards, among many others.", "One Direction __knowledge__ According to Nick Gatfield, the chairman and chief executive of Sony Music Entertainment UK, One Direction represented a $50 million business empire by June 2012.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the various characters throughout the Japanese tokusatsu series \"Garo\", not including the Horrors, a breed of demonic beings that make for most of the series antagonists.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ The various holders of the title are the main characters of the franchise, armed with the blade.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ The Garo title, based on the word for \"hope\" in the old Makai language, is traditionally associated with the Saezima family.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ For reasons yet to be explained, the man who takes the title of Garo is often regarded to be the strongest Knight, widely known throughout the Makai community.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ This is however, not a formal ranking in itself and no preferential treatment is given to the said Knight, as evident with Kouga in \"\" who was in service for years before being promoted to be a Knight serving under the Senate.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ The Plame affair (also known as the CIA leak scandal and Plamegate) was a political scandal that revolved around journalist Robert Novak's public identification of Valerie Plame as a covert Central Intelligence Agency officer in 2003.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ In 2002, Plame wrote a memo to her superiors in which she expressed hesitation in recommending her husband, former diplomat Joseph C. Wilson, to the CIA for a mission to Niger to investigate claims that Iraq had arranged to purchase and import uranium from the country, but stated that he \"may be in a position to assist\".", "Plame affair __knowledge__ After President George W. Bush stated that \"Saddam Hussein recently sought significant quantities of uranium from Africa\" during the run-up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Wilson published a July 2003 op-ed in \"The New York Times\" stating his doubts during the mission that any such transaction with Iraq had taken place.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ Fortune Records was an American family operated, independent record label located in Detroit, Michigan from 1946 to 1995.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ The label owners were Jack and Devora Brown, their son Sheldon Brown recorded for the label.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ Original releases tapered off after 1972 aside from a few albums in the mid-1980s.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ Fortune specialized in R&B, blues, soul and doo-wop music, although the label also released pop, big band, hillbilly, gospel, rock and roll, and polka records.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ Fortune released some doo-wop tunes by Nolan Strong & The Diablos, such as \"The Wind\" (Fortune 511, 1954), \"The Way You Dog Me Around\" (Fortune 518, 1955), and \"Mind Over Matter\" (Fortune 546, 1962).", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ Flying Hawk (Oglala Lakota: \"Čhetáŋ Kiŋyáŋ\" in Standard Lakota Orthography; a/k/a Moses Flying Hawk; March 1854 – December 24, 1931) was an Oglala Lakota warrior, historian, educator and philosopher.", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ Flying Hawk's life chronicles the history of the Oglala Lakota people through the 19th and early 20th centuries, as he fought to deflect the worst effects of white rule; educate his people and preserve sacred Oglala Lakota land and heritage.", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ Chief Flying Hawk was a combatant in Red Cloud's War and in nearly all of the fights with the U.S. Army during the Great Sioux War of 1876.", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ He fought alongside his first cousin Crazy Horse and his brothers Kicking Bear and Black Fox II in the Battle of the Little Big Horn in 1876, and was present at the death of Crazy Horse in 1877 and the Wounded Knee Massacre of 1890.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Confessions is the fourth studio album by American singer Usher.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ It was released on March 23, 2004, by Arista Records.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Recording sessions for the album took place during 2003 to 2004, with its production handled by his longtime collaborator Jermaine Dupri, along with Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis and Lil Jon, among others.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Primarily an R&B album, \"Confessions\" showcases Usher as a crooner through a mixture of ballads and up-tempos, incorporating musical genres of dance-pop, hip hop and crunk.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ The album's themes generated controversy about Usher's personal relationships; however, the album's primary producer Jermaine Dupri claimed the album reflects Dupri's own personal story.", "Up All Night (One Direction album) __knowledge__ Up All Night is the debut studio album by English-Irish group One Direction, released by Syco Records in November 2011 in Ireland and the United Kingdom, followed by a worldwide release during 2012.", "Up All Night (One Direction album) __knowledge__ Four months after finishing third in the seventh series of British reality singing contest \"The X Factor\" in December 2010, One Direction began recording the album in Sweden, UK and the United States, working with a variety of writers and producers.", "Up All Night (One Direction album) __knowledge__ The album is predominantly a pop music album which orientates into pop rock, dance-pop, teen pop and power pop.", "Up All Night (One Direction album) __knowledge__ The album's lyrical content regards being young, relationships, heartbreak and empowerment.", "2010s in music __knowledge__ This article describes trends in popular music in the 2010s.", "2010s in music __knowledge__ See also: 2010s in the music industry.", "2010s in music __knowledge__ The melismatic vocals mainstream during the 1990s and 2000s in pop and contemporary R&B lost favor by mid-late 2009, as vocally lower key artists, including Katy Perry, Taylor Swift and Rihanna, started to outsell new releases by perennial melismatic favorites, Mariah Carey and Christina Aguilera.", "2010s in music __knowledge__ By the mid-2010s, the style of vocals popular in indie pop have become immensely widespread among pop instrumentalists as they are commonly used by younger artists, like Lorde and Birdy.", "2010s in music __knowledge__ Traditional instruments, such as the mandolin, dulcimer, ukulele, banjo, and accordion, have been utilized more often, especially in indie rock musicians and singer songwriters, including Mumford and Sons, Vance Joy, Phillip Phillips, and The Lumineers, along with country players, such as Kacey Musgraves, Granger Smith and Zac Brown Band.", "Boy band __knowledge__ A boy band (or boyband) is loosely defined as a vocal group consisting of young male singers, usually in their teenage years or in their twenties at the time of formation, singing love songs marketed towards young women.", "Boy band __knowledge__ Being vocal groups, most boy band members do not play musical instruments, either in recording sessions or on stage, making the term something of a misnomer.", "Boy band __knowledge__ However, exceptions do exist.", "Boy band __knowledge__ Many boy bands dance as well as sing, usually giving highly choreographed performances.", "Boy band __knowledge__ Some such bands form on their own.", "Boy band __knowledge__ They can evolve out of church choral or gospel music groups, but are often created by talent managers or record producers who hold auditions.", "List of awards and nominations received by One Direction __knowledge__ One Direction are an English-Irish boy band consisting of members Niall Horan, Liam Payne, Harry Styles and Louis Tomlinson.", "List of awards and nominations received by One Direction __knowledge__ In addition, Zayn Malik was a member until his departure from the band, announced on 25 March 2015.", "List of awards and nominations received by One Direction __knowledge__ One Direction have released five hit albums, \"Up All Night\" (2011), \"Take Me Home\" (2012), \"Midnight Memories\" (2013), \"Four\" (2014), and \"Made in the A.M.\" (2015).", "List of awards and nominations received by One Direction __knowledge__ The band has won numerous awards, among them six Billboard Music Awards, seven Brit Awards, seven American Music Awards and 28 Teen Choice Awards.", "List of awards and nominations received by One Direction __knowledge__ The Music Video Honours is an Annual music awards show by 4Music, a music and entertainment channel in the United Kingdom and available on some digital television providers in the Republic of Ireland.", "Live While We're Young __knowledge__ \"Live While We're Young\" is a song by English-Irish boy band One Direction, released as the lead single from their second studio album, \"Take Me Home\" (2012).", "Live While We're Young __knowledge__ Written by Savan Kotecha and its producers, Rami Yacoub and Carl Falk, the number was released by Syco Records on 28 September 2012.", "Live While We're Young __knowledge__ Falk, Kotecha, and Yacoub had collaboratively helmed One Direction's previous hits, \"What Makes You Beautiful\" and \"One Thing\".", "Live While We're Young __knowledge__ The track is an uptempo, upbeat bubblegum pop song which features rock undertones, vocal harmonies, hand claps, prominent electric guitar riffs, and repetitive synthesizers.", "Live While We're Young __knowledge__ The chorus of the song is predominantly featured alongside the bridge, and is backed by wordless chants.", "Up All Night Tour __knowledge__ The Up All Night Tour was the first headlining concert tour by English-Irish boy band One Direction, showcasing their debut album, \"Up All Night\" (2011).", "Up All Night Tour __knowledge__ It began in December 2011 and was One Direction's first solo tour after being formed in the seventh series of \"The X Factor\" and being signed to Syco Records.", "Up All Night Tour __knowledge__ The concert tour was announced in September 2011, with the initial British and Irish dates being revealed.", "Up All Night Tour __knowledge__ The concert tour was managed by Modest!", "Up All Night Tour __knowledge__ Management, the shows were backed by a five-piece musical band, and the creative assessments were handled by Caroline Watson and Lou Teasdale, among others." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "One Direction __knowledge__ One Direction (commonly abbreviated as 1D) are an English-Irish pop boy band based in London, composed of Niall Horan, Liam Payne, Harry Styles, Louis Tomlinson, and Zayn Malik until the latter's departure on 25 March 2015.", "One Direction __knowledge__ The group signed with Simon Cowell's record label Syco Records after forming and finishing third in the seventh series of the British televised singing competition \"The X Factor\" in 2010.", "One Direction __knowledge__ Propelled to international success by social media, One Direction's five albums, \"Up All Night\" (2011), \"Take Me Home\" (2012), \"Midnight Memories\" (2013), \"Four\" (2014), and \"Made in the A.M.\" (2015), topped charts in most major markets, and generated hit singles including \"What Makes You Beautiful\", \"Live While We're Young\", \"Little Things\", \"Best Song Ever\", \"Story of My Life\", \"Drag Me Down\" and \"Perfect\".", "One Direction __knowledge__ Their awards include six Brit Awards, four MTV Video Music Awards, eleven MTV Europe Music Awards, seven American Music Awards (including Artist of the Year in 2014 and 2015), and 28 Teen Choice Awards, among many others.", "One Direction __knowledge__ According to Nick Gatfield, the chairman and chief executive of Sony Music Entertainment UK, One Direction represented a $50 million business empire by June 2012.", "The X Factor (UK TV series) __knowledge__ The X Factor is a British reality television music competition to find new singing talent.", "The X Factor (UK TV series) __knowledge__ The contestants are aspiring singers drawn from public auditions.", "The X Factor (UK TV series) __knowledge__ Created by Simon Cowell, the show began in 2004 and has since aired annually from August/September until December.", "The X Factor (UK TV series) __knowledge__ The show is produced by FremantleMedia's Thames (previously Talkback Thames) and Cowell's production company Syco Entertainment .", "The X Factor (UK TV series) __knowledge__ It is broadcast on the ITV network in the UK and simulcast on TV3 in Ireland.", "The X Factor (UK TV series) __knowledge__ \"X Factor\" refers to the undefinable \"something\" that makes for star quality.", "The X Factor (UK TV series) __knowledge__ The series consists of auditions, bootcamp, judges' houses, several weeks of live shows, semi-finals and the final.", "The X Factor (UK series 9) __knowledge__ The X Factor is a British television music competition to find new singing talent.", "The X Factor (UK series 9) __knowledge__ The ninth series began airing on ITV on 18 August 2012 and ended on 9 December 2012.", "The X Factor (UK series 9) __knowledge__ Dermot O'Leary returned as presenter of the main show on ITV, whilst Caroline Flack and Olly Murs returned to co-present \"The Xtra Factor\" on ITV2.", "The X Factor (UK series 9) __knowledge__ Louis Walsh, Gary Barlow and Tulisa returned as judges.", "The X Factor (UK series 9) __knowledge__ Nicole Scherzinger was confirmed as the fourth permanent judge after Geri Halliwell, Leona Lewis, Rita Ora, Mel B, Anastacia and Scherzinger herself stood in as guest judges for the vacant position left by Kelly Rowland.", "The X Factor (UK series 9) __knowledge__ After the 8 December show, two of Scherzinger's acts, James Arthur and Jahméne Douglas, became the top two, meaning that Scherzinger was guaranteed to win.", "Controversy and criticism of The X Factor (UK) __knowledge__ \"The X Factor\" in the UK has been subject to much controversy and criticism since its launch.", "Controversy and criticism of The X Factor (UK) __knowledge__ As of December 2017, there have been a total of fourteen completed series of the show broadcast on the ITV network.", "Controversy and criticism of The X Factor (UK) __knowledge__ It was reported in tabloid newspapers that the show's audition process was unfair after judge Louis Walsh was accused of cheating.", "Controversy and criticism of The X Factor (UK) __knowledge__ Walsh was thought to have advised Co-Ed on things such as song choices, which caused controversy after it was revealed that Walsh had previously managed the band after they appeared on the Irish version of \"Popstars\" in 2001.", "Controversy and criticism of The X Factor (UK) __knowledge__ Around the same time footage of Simon Cowell and Sharon Osbourne coaching contestants to argue back to the judges was being sold over the Internet to the highest bidder.", "The X Factor (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ The X Factor was an Australian television reality music competition, based on the original UK series, to find new singing talent.", "The X Factor (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ The first season of the show premiered on Network Ten on 6 February 2005.", "The X Factor (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ Ten dropped \"The X Factor\" after the first season due to poor ratings.", "The X Factor (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ In 2010, the Seven Network won the rights to the show, and a second season went into production.", "The X Factor (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ \"The X Factor\" was renewed after the highly successful \"Australian Idol\" was no longer broadcast on Network Ten.", "The X Factor (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ \"The X Factor\" was produced by FremantleMedia Australia, and was broadcast on the Seven Network in Australia and on TV3 in New Zealand.", "List of The X Factor finalists (UK series 8) __knowledge__ The eighth UK series of \"The X Factor\" was broadcast on ITV from 20 August 2011, with the live shows starting on 8 October 2011.", "List of The X Factor finalists (UK series 8) __knowledge__ Girl group Little Mix were the winners, and the runner-up was Marcus Collins.", "List of The X Factor finalists (UK series 8) __knowledge__ After \"The X Factor\", several of the contestants went on to release singles, including Little Mix, Collins, Amelia Lily, Misha B, Frankie Cocozza, The Risk and 2 Shoes.", "List of The X Factor finalists (UK series 8) __knowledge__ On 25 July 2013, three contestants from series 8 - Little Mix, Amelia Lily and Misha B - were included in the (three-minute 41-second) X Factor Ultimate Mash-Up, a video trailer for series 10, a selection of 13 tracks and artists chosen to represent a decade of 'The X Factor' artists impact on the UK national chart.", "Olly Murs __knowledge__ Oliver Stanley Murs (born 14 May 1984) is an English singer, songwriter, television presenter and actor.", "Olly Murs __knowledge__ He first came to national attention for performing in the sixth series of \"The X Factor\" in 2009.", "Olly Murs __knowledge__ He is currently signed to RCA Records & Sony Music UK in the United Kingdom, Columbia Records in the United States.", "Olly Murs __knowledge__ In 2010, Murs released his debut single \"Please Don't Let Me Go\", which debuted at number one on the UK Singles Charts and received a Gold certification by the BPI.", "Olly Murs __knowledge__ It was Murs' first number one single after \"You Are Not Alone\" with the other series 6 finalists.", "Olly Murs __knowledge__ His second single from his debut album, \"Thinking of Me\" charted at number four on the UK Singles Charts and received a Silver certification by the BPI.", "Heaven (Rebecca Ferguson album) __knowledge__ Heaven is the debut studio album by English singer-songwriter Rebecca Ferguson.", "Heaven (Rebecca Ferguson album) __knowledge__ The album was released on December 5, 2011 under the recordings of Syco Music and RCA Records.", "Heaven (Rebecca Ferguson album) __knowledge__ Recording sessions include: London, Los Angeles and Sweden.", "Heaven (Rebecca Ferguson album) __knowledge__ Eg White, who has worked with Adele and Duffy, serves as a major collaborator.", "Heaven (Rebecca Ferguson album) __knowledge__ Additional producers and songwriters include Steve Booker, Fraser T Smith, Xenomania, Paul Barry and Mark Taylor.", "Heaven (Rebecca Ferguson album) __knowledge__ Ferguson later revealed that she would be co-writing the whole of her album in order for her to \"connect\" with the songs.", "Heaven (Rebecca Ferguson album) __knowledge__ The main genre from the album features genres like soul, pop, blues and R&B.", "Harry Styles __knowledge__ Harry Edward Styles (born 1 February 1994) is an English singer, songwriter, and actor.", "Harry Styles __knowledge__ He rose to stardom as a member of the boy band One Direction.", "Harry Styles __knowledge__ Styles grew up in Holmes Chapel, Cheshire, where he performed as a singer with his band White Eskimo.", "Harry Styles __knowledge__ In 2010, Styles auditioned as a solo artist for the British music competition series \"The X Factor\", where he and four other contestants joined to form One Direction.", "Harry Styles __knowledge__ One Direction have since released five albums, performed four worldwide tours, and won several awards.", "Harry Styles __knowledge__ One Direction went on an extended hiatus in January 2016.", "Harry Styles __knowledge__ In June 2016, Styles signed a recording deal as a solo artist with Columbia Records.", "Fifth Harmony __knowledge__ Fifth Harmony is an American girl group based in Miami, composed of Ally Brooke, Normani Kordei, Dinah Jane, Lauren Jauregui, and previously Camila Cabello until her departure from the group on December 18, 2016.", "Fifth Harmony __knowledge__ The group signed a joint record deal with Simon Cowell's label Syco Records and L.A. Reid's label Epic Records after forming and finishing third in the second season of the American televised singing competition \"The X Factor\" in 2012.", "Fifth Harmony __knowledge__ Rising to prominence by social media, the group's debut extended play and their three studio albums all charted within the top ten of the \"Billboard\" 200 in the United States.", "Niall Horan __knowledge__ Niall James Horan (; born 13 September 1993) is an Irish singer and songwriter.", "Niall Horan __knowledge__ He is best known as a member of the boy band One Direction.", "Niall Horan __knowledge__ In 2010, Horan auditioned as a solo artist for British televised singing competition \"The X Factor\".", "Niall Horan __knowledge__ After being eliminated as a solo performer, Horan joined four other contestants to form One Direction.", "Niall Horan __knowledge__ The band has released five commercially successful albums, performed on four worldwide tours, and won a number of awards.", "Niall Horan __knowledge__ Following the band's hiatus in 2016, Horan signed a recording deal as a solo artist with Capitol Records.", "Niall Horan __knowledge__ His singles \"This Town\" and \"Slow Hands\" from his debut studio album \"Flicker\" (2017) reached the top 20 in several countries.", "If I Were a Boy __knowledge__ \"If I Were a Boy\" is a song performed by American singer and songwriter Beyoncé from her third studio album \"I Am... Sasha Fierce\" (2008).", "If I Were a Boy __knowledge__ It was written by BC Jean and Toby Gad, who also handled its production alongside Beyoncé.", "If I Were a Boy __knowledge__ Inspired by the difficult break-up of a romantic relationship, the song was initially recorded by Jean, whose record company rejected it.", "If I Were a Boy __knowledge__ Beyoncé then recorded her own version.", "If I Were a Boy __knowledge__ Jean was upset when she learned that Beyoncé was releasing it as a single, but eventually, they reached an agreement.", "If I Were a Boy __knowledge__ Columbia Records released \"If I Were a Boy\" to US radio on October 8, 2008, as a double A-side single album's alongside \"Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)\" as the lead singles." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "One Direction __knowledge__ One Direction (commonly abbreviated as 1D) are an English-Irish pop boy band based in London, composed of Niall Horan, Liam Payne, Harry Styles, Louis Tomlinson, and Zayn Malik until the latter's departure on 25 March 2015.", "One Direction __knowledge__ The group signed with Simon Cowell's record label Syco Records after forming and finishing third in the seventh series of the British televised singing competition \"The X Factor\" in 2010.", "One Direction __knowledge__ Propelled to international success by social media, One Direction's five albums, \"Up All Night\" (2011), \"Take Me Home\" (2012), \"Midnight Memories\" (2013), \"Four\" (2014), and \"Made in the A.M.\" (2015), topped charts in most major markets, and generated hit singles including \"What Makes You Beautiful\", \"Live While We're Young\", \"Little Things\", \"Best Song Ever\", \"Story of My Life\", \"Drag Me Down\" and \"Perfect\".", "One Direction __knowledge__ Their awards include six Brit Awards, four MTV Video Music Awards, eleven MTV Europe Music Awards, seven American Music Awards (including Artist of the Year in 2014 and 2015), and 28 Teen Choice Awards, among many others.", "One Direction __knowledge__ According to Nick Gatfield, the chairman and chief executive of Sony Music Entertainment UK, One Direction represented a $50 million business empire by June 2012.", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ The Ohio State University Marching Band (OSUMB) performs at Ohio State football games and other events during the fall semester.", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ It is one of the few collegiate all-brass and percussion bands in the country, perhaps the largest of its type in the world.", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ Its nickname is The Best Damn Band in the Land (TBDBITL).)", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ Military training was an important part of the early curriculum at Ohio State, and a band was formed to provide music to the cadets for drills.", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ Organized in 1878, the Marching Band was first organized as a fife and drum corps and was sponsored by the Military Department.", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ In 1881, a stolen mouthpiece incident, which prevented the Marching Band from performing, led the Military Department to end support.", "Mighty Sound of the Southeast __knowledge__ The University of South Carolina Marching Band — also called the \"Mighty Sound of the Southeast\" or more commonly known as the Carolina Band or the USC Marching Band, has entertained football fans at the University of South Carolina since 1920.", "Mighty Sound of the Southeast __knowledge__ This 400-member marching band performs at all South Carolina Gamecocks football games played at Williams-Brice Stadium and most football games outside of Columbia, South Carolina—including bowl games.", "Mighty Sound of the Southeast __knowledge__ The University of South Carolina Marching Band entertains fans, serves the community in a variety of service and performance activities, and provides a musical education for thousands of Carolina students.", "List of awards and nominations received by One Direction __knowledge__ One Direction are an English-Irish boy band consisting of members Niall Horan, Liam Payne, Harry Styles and Louis Tomlinson.", "List of awards and nominations received by One Direction __knowledge__ In addition, Zayn Malik was a member until his departure from the band, announced on 25 March 2015.", "List of awards and nominations received by One Direction __knowledge__ One Direction have released five hit albums, \"Up All Night\" (2011), \"Take Me Home\" (2012), \"Midnight Memories\" (2013), \"Four\" (2014), and \"Made in the A.M.\" (2015).", "List of awards and nominations received by One Direction __knowledge__ The band has won numerous awards, among them six Billboard Music Awards, seven Brit Awards, seven American Music Awards and 28 Teen Choice Awards.", "List of awards and nominations received by One Direction __knowledge__ The Music Video Honours is an Annual music awards show by 4Music, a music and entertainment channel in the United Kingdom and available on some digital television providers in the Republic of Ireland.", "Up All Night (One Direction album) __knowledge__ Up All Night is the debut studio album by English-Irish group One Direction, released by Syco Records in November 2011 in Ireland and the United Kingdom, followed by a worldwide release during 2012.", "Up All Night (One Direction album) __knowledge__ Four months after finishing third in the seventh series of British reality singing contest \"The X Factor\" in December 2010, One Direction began recording the album in Sweden, UK and the United States, working with a variety of writers and producers.", "Up All Night (One Direction album) __knowledge__ The album is predominantly a pop music album which orientates into pop rock, dance-pop, teen pop and power pop.", "Up All Night (One Direction album) __knowledge__ The album's lyrical content regards being young, relationships, heartbreak and empowerment.", "Louis Tomlinson __knowledge__ Louis William Tomlinson (; born Louis Troy Austin; 24 December 1991) is an English singer and songwriter.", "Louis Tomlinson __knowledge__ He is known as a member of the boy band One Direction.", "Louis Tomlinson __knowledge__ Tomlinson began his career as an actor, appearing in ITV drama film \"If I Had You\" and the BBC drama \"Waterloo Road\".", "Louis Tomlinson __knowledge__ In 2010, he became a member of One Direction after being eliminated as a solo artist on the British music competition series \"The X Factor\".", "Louis Tomlinson __knowledge__ Tomlinson is one of the main songwriters of One Direction's repertoire.", "Louis Tomlinson __knowledge__ During his time in One Direction, the group achieved 4 number one albums in both the UK and US and 4 UK number one singles.", "Marching band __knowledge__ A marching band is a group in which instrumental musicians perform while marching, often for entertainment or competition.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Instrumentation typically includes brass, woodwind, and percussion instruments.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Most marching bands wear a uniform, often of a military style, that includes an associated school or organization's colors, name or symbol.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Most high school marching bands, and some college marching bands, are accompanied by a color guard, a group of performers who add a visual interpretation to the music through the use of props, most often flags and rifles.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Marching bands are generally categorized by function, size, age, gender, instrumentation, marching style, and type of show they perform.", "List of The X Factor finalists (UK series 5) __knowledge__ The fifth UK series of The X Factor was broadcast on ITV.", "List of The X Factor finalists (UK series 5) __knowledge__ The series began on 16 August 2008 and finished on 13 December 2008 with a grand finale.", "List of The X Factor finalists (UK series 5) __knowledge__ After the audition process, 12 finalists were selected and split into four categories.", "List of The X Factor finalists (UK series 5) __knowledge__ Each category was mentored by one of the show's judges.", "List of The X Factor finalists (UK series 5) __knowledge__ Simon Cowell mentored the Boys, Cheryl Cole mentored the Girls, Dannii Minogue mentored the Over 25s and Louis Walsh mentored the Groups.", "List of The X Factor finalists (UK series 5) __knowledge__ In the final, Alexandra Burke was declared the winner, JLS were the runners-up and Eoghan Quigg finished in third place.", "List of The X Factor finalists (UK series 5) __knowledge__ After winning the show, Alexandra Burke released her debut single \"Hallelujah\", and in October 2009, she released her debut album \"Overcome\".", "List of The X Factor finalists (U.S. season 2) __knowledge__ The second season of The X Factor aired on Fox, starting on September 12, 2012 and ending December 20, 2012.", "List of The X Factor finalists (U.S. season 2) __knowledge__ The live shows began on October 31, 2012, as 16 acts made it into the live shows, with one wildcard act returning after the first elimination round.", "List of The X Factor finalists (U.S. season 2) __knowledge__ Tate Stevens was crowned the winner of the season on the second half of the finale, with Carly Rose Sonenclar becoming the runner-up and Fifth Harmony finished in third place.", "List of The X Factor finalists (U.S. season 2) __knowledge__ They are all signed to Simon Cowell's record label Syco Music.", "List of The X Factor finalists (U.S. season 2) __knowledge__ The \"Teens\" category was mentored by Britney Spears.", "List of The X Factor finalists (U.S. season 2) __knowledge__ The six candidates were Diamond White, Carly Rose Sonenclar, Arin Ray, James Tanner, Reed Deming and Beatrice Miller.", "Fifth Harmony __knowledge__ Fifth Harmony is an American girl group based in Miami, composed of Ally Brooke, Normani Kordei, Dinah Jane, Lauren Jauregui, and previously Camila Cabello until her departure from the group on December 18, 2016.", "Fifth Harmony __knowledge__ The group signed a joint record deal with Simon Cowell's label Syco Records and L.A. Reid's label Epic Records after forming and finishing third in the second season of the American televised singing competition \"The X Factor\" in 2012.", "Fifth Harmony __knowledge__ Rising to prominence by social media, the group's debut extended play and their three studio albums all charted within the top ten of the \"Billboard\" 200 in the United States.", "Simon Cowell __knowledge__ Simon Phillip Cowell () (born 7 October 1959) is an English reality television judge and producer.", "Simon Cowell __knowledge__ He was a judge on the British TV talent competition series \"Pop Idol\", \"The X Factor\", and \"Britain's Got Talent\", and the American TV talent competition shows \"American Idol\", \"The X Factor\", and \"America's Got Talent\".", "Simon Cowell __knowledge__ Cowell is the principal founder and chief executive of the British entertainment company Syco.", "Simon Cowell __knowledge__ Cowell often makes blunt and controversial comments as a television show judge, including insults and wisecracks about contestants and their singing abilities.", "Simon Cowell __knowledge__ He combines activities in both the television and music industries.", "List of The X Factor finalists (U.S. season 3) __knowledge__ The third and final season of \"The X Factor\" airing on Fox on September 11, 2013 and ended on December 19, 2013.", "List of The X Factor finalists (U.S. season 3) __knowledge__ Paulina Rubio mentored the boys, Demi Lovato mentored the girls, Kelly Rowland mentored the over 25s and Simon Cowell mentored the groups.", "List of The X Factor finalists (U.S. season 3) __knowledge__ The winner Alex & Sierra, securing a $1 million recording contract with Sony Music and Simon Cowell's record label Syco Records.", "List of The X Factor finalists (U.S. season 3) __knowledge__ The \"Boys\" category was mentored by Paulina Rubio.", "List of The X Factor finalists (U.S. season 3) __knowledge__ The contestants are: Carlos Guevara (born May 20, 1997) is a contestant from Lexington, South Carolina.", "List of The X Factor finalists (U.S. season 3) __knowledge__ He suffers from Tourette syndrome and his condition got so severe, the class vice-president and the football player Guevara had to withdraw from his high school." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "One Direction __knowledge__ One Direction (commonly abbreviated as 1D) are an English-Irish pop boy band based in London, composed of Niall Horan, Liam Payne, Harry Styles, Louis Tomlinson, and Zayn Malik until the latter's departure on 25 March 2015.", "One Direction __knowledge__ The group signed with Simon Cowell's record label Syco Records after forming and finishing third in the seventh series of the British televised singing competition \"The X Factor\" in 2010.", "One Direction __knowledge__ Propelled to international success by social media, One Direction's five albums, \"Up All Night\" (2011), \"Take Me Home\" (2012), \"Midnight Memories\" (2013), \"Four\" (2014), and \"Made in the A.M.\" (2015), topped charts in most major markets, and generated hit singles including \"What Makes You Beautiful\", \"Live While We're Young\", \"Little Things\", \"Best Song Ever\", \"Story of My Life\", \"Drag Me Down\" and \"Perfect\".", "One Direction __knowledge__ Their awards include six Brit Awards, four MTV Video Music Awards, eleven MTV Europe Music Awards, seven American Music Awards (including Artist of the Year in 2014 and 2015), and 28 Teen Choice Awards, among many others.", "One Direction __knowledge__ According to Nick Gatfield, the chairman and chief executive of Sony Music Entertainment UK, One Direction represented a $50 million business empire by June 2012.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ Stone is a 2010 U.S. crime thriller film directed by John Curran and starring Robert De Niro, Edward Norton and Milla Jovovich.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ Most of the filming was done in Washtenaw County, Michigan.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ This was the final film to be released by Overture Films.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ Young mother Madylyn Mabry puts her daughter to bed while her husband Jack watches golf on television.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ A bee buzzes around the window as she stays with her girl.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ After the child is asleep, she goes downstairs and announces she's leaving, saying \"You keep my soul in a dungeon.\"", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ He takes a moment to disconnect from the game, then runs upstairs to the bedroom and holds their daughter out the window, threatening to drop her if Madylyn leaves.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ The Plame affair (also known as the CIA leak scandal and Plamegate) was a political scandal that revolved around journalist Robert Novak's public identification of Valerie Plame as a covert Central Intelligence Agency officer in 2003.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ In 2002, Plame wrote a memo to her superiors in which she expressed hesitation in recommending her husband, former diplomat Joseph C. Wilson, to the CIA for a mission to Niger to investigate claims that Iraq had arranged to purchase and import uranium from the country, but stated that he \"may be in a position to assist\".", "Plame affair __knowledge__ After President George W. Bush stated that \"Saddam Hussein recently sought significant quantities of uranium from Africa\" during the run-up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Wilson published a July 2003 op-ed in \"The New York Times\" stating his doubts during the mission that any such transaction with Iraq had taken place.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Pet Sounds is the eleventh studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released on May 16, 1966.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ It initially met with a lukewarm critical and commercial response in the United States, peaking at number 10 in the \"Billboard\" 200, a significantly lower placement than the band's preceding albums.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the album was hailed by its music press and was an immediate commercial success, peaking at number 2 in the UK Top 40 Albums Chart and remaining among the top ten positions for six months.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Originally promoted as \"the most progressive pop album ever\", \"Pet Sounds\" attracted recognition for its ambitious recording and unusually sophisticated music, and is widely considered to be one of the most influential albums in music history.", "Stella (album) __knowledge__ Stella is the fourth studio album by the Swiss electronic band Yello, first released in Germany, Switzerland and Austria on 29 January 1985, and in the UK and US in March 1985.", "Stella (album) __knowledge__ It was the first album made by the band without founder member Carlos Perón, and with his departure the remaining duo of Boris Blank and Dieter Meier began to move away from experimental electronic sounds towards a more commercial synthpop and cinematic soundtrack style.", "Stella (album) __knowledge__ As well as becoming the first album ever by a Swiss group to top the Swiss album chart, it was the band's breakthrough album internationally, helped by the success of the song \"Oh Yeah\", which gained the band worldwide attention the following year after it was prominently featured in the 1986 film \"Ferris Bueller's Day Off\" and then a year later in \"The Secret of My Success\".", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ OK Computer is the third studio album by English alternative rock band Radiohead, released on 16 June 1997 on EMI subsidiaries Parlophone and Capitol Records.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ The members of Radiohead self-produced the album with Nigel Godrich, an arrangement they have used for their subsequent albums.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ Other than the song \"Lucky\", which was recorded in 1995, Radiohead recorded the album in Oxfordshire and Bath between 1996 and early 1997, mostly in the historic mansion St Catherine's Court.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ The band made a deliberate attempt to distance themselves from the guitar-oriented, lyrically introspective style of their previous album, \"The Bends\".", "Louis Tomlinson __knowledge__ Louis William Tomlinson (; born Louis Troy Austin; 24 December 1991) is an English singer and songwriter.", "Louis Tomlinson __knowledge__ He is known as a member of the boy band One Direction.", "Louis Tomlinson __knowledge__ Tomlinson began his career as an actor, appearing in ITV drama film \"If I Had You\" and the BBC drama \"Waterloo Road\".", "Louis Tomlinson __knowledge__ In 2010, he became a member of One Direction after being eliminated as a solo artist on the British music competition series \"The X Factor\".", "Louis Tomlinson __knowledge__ Tomlinson is one of the main songwriters of One Direction's repertoire.", "Louis Tomlinson __knowledge__ During his time in One Direction, the group achieved 4 number one albums in both the UK and US and 4 UK number one singles.", "Story of My Life (One Direction song) __knowledge__ \"Story of My Life\" is a song recorded by English Irish boy band One Direction.", "Story of My Life (One Direction song) __knowledge__ It was released on 6 November 2013 by Syco Music and Columbia Records as the second single from the group's third studio album, \"Midnight Memories\" (2013).", "Story of My Life (One Direction song) __knowledge__ Written by band members Niall Horan, Zayn Malik, Harry Styles, Liam Payne and Louis Tomlinson, along with Julian Bunetta, Jamie Scott, and John Ryan, the lyrics speak of a tumultuous relationship leading to lament and heartbreak.", "Story of My Life (One Direction song) __knowledge__ \"Story of My Life\" is an acoustic folktronica song with neofolk elements.", "Story of My Life (One Direction song) __knowledge__ It runs for a total of four minutes and five seconds.", "Story of My Life (One Direction song) __knowledge__ Idolator compared the song to the works of Ed Sheeran, Coldplay and Mumford & Sons.", "Niall Horan __knowledge__ Niall James Horan (; born 13 September 1993) is an Irish singer and songwriter.", "Niall Horan __knowledge__ He is best known as a member of the boy band One Direction.", "Niall Horan __knowledge__ In 2010, Horan auditioned as a solo artist for British televised singing competition \"The X Factor\".", "Niall Horan __knowledge__ After being eliminated as a solo performer, Horan joined four other contestants to form One Direction.", "Niall Horan __knowledge__ The band has released five commercially successful albums, performed on four worldwide tours, and won a number of awards.", "Niall Horan __knowledge__ Following the band's hiatus in 2016, Horan signed a recording deal as a solo artist with Capitol Records.", "Niall Horan __knowledge__ His singles \"This Town\" and \"Slow Hands\" from his debut studio album \"Flicker\" (2017) reached the top 20 in several countries.", "Zayn Malik __knowledge__ Zain Javadd \"Zayn\" Malik (, ; born 12 January 1993), recording mononymously as Zayn, is an English singer and songwriter.", "Zayn Malik __knowledge__ Born and raised in Bradford, West Yorkshire, Malik auditioned as a solo artist for the British music competition \"The X Factor\" in 2010.", "Zayn Malik __knowledge__ After being eliminated as a solo performer, Malik was brought back into the competition, along with four other contestants, to form the boy band that would become known as One Direction.", "Zayn Malik __knowledge__ Malik split from the group in March 2015 and signed a solo recording contract with RCA Records.", "Zayn Malik __knowledge__ Adopting a more alternative R&B music style with his debut studio album \"Mind of Mine\" (2016) and its lead single, \"Pillowtalk\", Malik became the first British male artist to debut at number one in both the UK and US with a debut single and debut album.", "Harry Styles __knowledge__ Harry Edward Styles (born 1 February 1994) is an English singer, songwriter, and actor.", "Harry Styles __knowledge__ He rose to stardom as a member of the boy band One Direction.", "Harry Styles __knowledge__ Styles grew up in Holmes Chapel, Cheshire, where he performed as a singer with his band White Eskimo.", "Harry Styles __knowledge__ In 2010, Styles auditioned as a solo artist for the British music competition series \"The X Factor\", where he and four other contestants joined to form One Direction.", "Harry Styles __knowledge__ One Direction have since released five albums, performed four worldwide tours, and won several awards.", "Harry Styles __knowledge__ One Direction went on an extended hiatus in January 2016.", "Harry Styles __knowledge__ In June 2016, Styles signed a recording deal as a solo artist with Columbia Records.", "Four (One Direction album) __knowledge__ Four is the fourth studio album by English-Irish boy band One Direction, released on 17 November 2014 by Columbia Records and Syco Music.", "Four (One Direction album) __knowledge__ Two singles were released from the album, \"Steal My Girl\" and \"Night Changes\", both achieving platinum status in the US, and scoring the band their tenth and eleventh UK top-ten hits.", "Four (One Direction album) __knowledge__ The album received generally positive reviews from music critics.", "Four (One Direction album) __knowledge__ It debuted at number one in 18 countries, including the United Kingdom, Australia and the United States.", "Four (One Direction album) __knowledge__ The album was also One Direction's last with member Zayn Malik, who announced he was leaving the band on 25 March 2015." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 2, 1, 0 ]

[ " One Direction (commonly abbreviated as 1D) are an English-Irish pop boy band based in London, i find their music to be extremely good", "yeah i remember seeing them on British televised singing competition \"The X Factor\" in 2010.", "The group signed with Simon Cowell's record label Syco Records after forming and finishing third on that same show", "composed of Niall Horan, Liam Payne, Harry Styles, Louis Tomlinson, and Zayn Malik", "not much but i really like his singing style " ]

[ "One Direction", "One Direction", "One Direction", "One Direction", "One Direction" ]

[ "Chocolate\nHi! I love chocolate! How about you???", "What is your favorite kind of chocolate? ", "Oh wow! Dark chocolate is my favorite too! Not many other people that I know like dark chocolate! ", "What kind of chocolate drinks do you like? " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Chocolate is a typically sweet, usually brown food preparation of \"Theobroma cacao\" seeds, roasted and ground.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ It is made in the form of a liquid, paste, or in a block, or used as a flavoring ingredient in other foods.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Cacao has been cultivated by many cultures for at least three millennia in Mesoamerica.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The earliest evidence of use traces to the Olmecs (Mexico), with evidence of chocolate beverages dating back to 1900 BCE.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ In fact, the majority of Mesoamerican people made chocolate beverages, including the Maya and Aztecs, who made it into a beverage known as \"xocolātl\" , a Nahuatl word meaning \"bitter water\".", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The seeds of the cacao tree have an intense bitter taste and must be fermented to develop the flavor.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ After fermentation, the beans are dried, cleaned, and roasted.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The shell is removed to produce cacao nibs, which are then ground to cocoa mass, unadulterated chocolate in rough form.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Once the cocoa mass is liquefied by heating, it is called chocolate liquor.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The liquor also may be cooled and processed into its two components: cocoa solids and cocoa butter.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Baking chocolate, also called bitter chocolate, contains cocoa solids and cocoa butter in varying proportions, without any added sugars.", "Taisho-roman Street __knowledge__ Taisho-roman Street, meaning Taisho Romance Street, is a local shopping street in Kawagoe City, Saitama Prefecture, Japan.", "Taisho-roman Street __knowledge__ About 30 stores and restaurants line about street, which is gently winding as a characteristic of the castle town to prepare for wars.", "Taisho-roman Street __knowledge__ The façade of some shops dates from Taisho era (1912-1926) and some have been in business for nearly 100 years.", "Taisho-roman Street __knowledge__ At the northern end of the street, Kawagoe Chamber of Commerce and Industry is located.", "Taisho-roman Street __knowledge__ It was built in the style of Renaissance Revival style with impressive Doric columns for Bushu Bank Kawagoe Branch.", "Taisho-roman Street __knowledge__ The street has been used as a setting in several Japanese movies, TV dramas and commercials in nostalgic air with granite flagstones.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ Hi-5 are an Australian children's musical group formed in 1998, who are associated with the children's television series of the same name.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ As of December 2016, the members are Lachie Dearing, Courtney Clarke, Shay Clifford, Joe Kalou and Bailey Spalding.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The group is aimed at preschoolers, composed of five performers who entertain and educate children through music, movement and play.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ \"Hi-5\" was created by Helena Harris and Posie Graeme-Evans, initially a television series for the Nine Network, which premiered in 1999.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The cast of the show became a recognised musical group for children.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The original members were Kellie Crawford, Kathleen de Leon Jones, Nathan Foley, Tim Harding and Charli Robinson.", "Awakening of Faith in the Mahayana __knowledge__ Awakening of Faith in the Mahāyāna (reconstructed Sanskrit title: \"Mahāyāna śraddhotpādaśāstra\"; ) is a text of Mahayana Buddhism.", "Awakening of Faith in the Mahayana __knowledge__ Though attributed to the Indian master Aśvaghoṣa, the text is now partly regarded as a Chinese composition.", "Awakening of Faith in the Mahayana __knowledge__ While the text is attributed to Aśvaghoṣa, no Sanskrit version of the text is extant.", "Awakening of Faith in the Mahayana __knowledge__ The two earliest existing versions are written in Chinese, and contemporary scholars widely accept the theory that the text is a Chinese composition.", "Awakening of Faith in the Mahayana __knowledge__ However, D.T.", "Awakening of Faith in the Mahayana __knowledge__ Suzuki accepted its Indian Sanskrit origin, while acknowledging that it was unlikely the first historical Aśvaghoṣa was the author, and it is more likely that the attribution to Aśvaghoṣa was an honorific appellation due to the profundity of the treatise.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ \"Regular Show\" is an American animated series created by J. G. Quintel.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ The series contains many characters, with seven main characters and various recurring and one-time characters.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai (voiced by J. G. Quintel) is a 5'10\" anthropomorphic blue jay (6' including the crest) who works as a groundskeeper at The Park.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ He has been best friends with Rigby ever since childhood, and together they are very lazy and constantly slack off at their jobs there.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai is more conscientious, mature, and moral about his actions than Rigby is, which sometimes leads to his opposing Rigby when he is the cause of some kind of chaotic problem.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ Hot chocolate, also known as hot cocoa, drinking chocolate or just cocoa is a heated beverage consisting of shaved chocolate, melted chocolate or cocoa powder, heated milk or water, and usually a sweetener.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ Hot chocolate may be topped with whipped cream.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ Hot chocolate made with melted chocolate is sometimes called drinking chocolate, characterized by less sweetness and a thicker consistency.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ The first chocolate beverage is believed to have been created by the Mayans around 2,500-3,000 years ago, and a cocoa beverage was an essential part of Aztec culture by 1400 AD, by which they referred to as xocōlātl.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ The chocolate industry in the Philippines evidences the agricultural roots of the Philippine society.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ The growing of cacao or cocoa boasts a long history stretching from the colonial times.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ Originating from Mesoamerican forests, cacao was first introduced by the Spanish colonizers four centuries ago.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ Since then the Philippine cocoa industry has been the primary producer of cocoa beans in the Southeast Asia.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ There are many areas of production of cacao in the Philippines, owing to its agriculture.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ The chocolate industry is currently on a small to medium scale.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ The word “chocolate” as we know it today was spelled in different ways throughout time, in different ways such as “chocalatall,” “jocolatte,” “jacolatte,” and “chockelet.” It is a derivative of the word \"cacahuatl\" or \"xocoatl\", a bitter drink the Aztecs brewed from cacao beans mixed with spices, wine, and other local ingredients that can be traced back to Pre-Columbian Mexico." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Chocolate is a typically sweet, usually brown food preparation of \"Theobroma cacao\" seeds, roasted and ground.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ It is made in the form of a liquid, paste, or in a block, or used as a flavoring ingredient in other foods.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Cacao has been cultivated by many cultures for at least three millennia in Mesoamerica.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The earliest evidence of use traces to the Olmecs (Mexico), with evidence of chocolate beverages dating back to 1900 BCE.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ In fact, the majority of Mesoamerican people made chocolate beverages, including the Maya and Aztecs, who made it into a beverage known as \"xocolātl\" , a Nahuatl word meaning \"bitter water\".", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The seeds of the cacao tree have an intense bitter taste and must be fermented to develop the flavor.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ After fermentation, the beans are dried, cleaned, and roasted.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The shell is removed to produce cacao nibs, which are then ground to cocoa mass, unadulterated chocolate in rough form.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Once the cocoa mass is liquefied by heating, it is called chocolate liquor.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The liquor also may be cooled and processed into its two components: cocoa solids and cocoa butter.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Baking chocolate, also called bitter chocolate, contains cocoa solids and cocoa butter in varying proportions, without any added sugars.", "My Favorite Kind of Geniie __knowledge__ My Favorite Kind of Geniie () is Taiwanese Mandopop artist Genie Chuo's () fourth Mandarin studio album.", "My Favorite Kind of Geniie __knowledge__ It was released by Rock Records on 7 November 2008 with two album cover versions: \"My Favorite Kind of Geniie (Sexy Edition)\" (超級喜歡 [初] 輕熟性感盤) and \"My Favorite Kind of Geniie (Sweet Edition)\" (超級喜歡 [漾] 可口甜心盤) both with the same bonus DVD.", "My Favorite Kind of Geniie __knowledge__ Two more editions were released: \"My Favorite Kind of Geniie (Collectable Edition)\" (超級喜歡 獨家快樂珍藏盤) on 23 December 2008 and \"My Favorite Kind of Geniie (New Year Edition)\" (超級喜歡 新春感謝回饋盤) on 20 January 2009, both with different bonus DVD.", "My Favorite Kind of Geniie __knowledge__ Four editions were released by Rock Records:", "Brian Stack __knowledge__ Brian Stack (born August 18, 1964) is an American actor, comedian, and writer best known for his sketch comedy work on all three Conan O'Brien late-night talk shows, previously working on \"Late Night with Conan O'Brien\" and \"The Tonight Show with Conan O'Brien\", and on O'Brien's current talk show, \"Conan\" on TBS.", "Brian Stack __knowledge__ Stack left \"Conan\" in April 2015 to join the writing staff of the CBS series \"The Late Show with Stephen Colbert\".", "Brian Stack __knowledge__ Stack was born in Chicago, Illinois.", "Brian Stack __knowledge__ He attended Catholic schools from grades 5-12, graduating from St. Viator High School in Arlington Heights, Illinois.", "Brian Stack __knowledge__ He earned an undergraduate degree from Indiana University, where he was inducted into Phi Beta Kappa.", "Jan Ullrich __knowledge__ Jan Ullrich (); born 2 December 1973) is a German former professional road bicycle racer.", "Jan Ullrich __knowledge__ Ullrich won gold and silver medals in the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney.", "Jan Ullrich __knowledge__ He won the 1999 Vuelta a España and the HEW Cyclassics in front of a home crowd in Hamburg in 1997.", "Jan Ullrich __knowledge__ He had podium finishes in the hilly classic Clásica de San Sebastián.", "Jan Ullrich __knowledge__ His victorious ride in the 1997 Tour de France led to a bicycle boom in Germany.", "Jan Ullrich __knowledge__ He retired in February 2007.", "Jan Ullrich __knowledge__ In 2006, Ullrich was barred from the Tour de France amid speculation of having doped.", "Jan Ullrich __knowledge__ In February 2012, Ullrich was found guilty of a doping offence by the Court of Arbitration for Sport.", "Farley's &amp; Sathers Candy Company __knowledge__ Farley's & Sathers Candy Company was created as an umbrella company to roll-up many small companies, brands and products under a common management team.", "Farley's &amp; Sathers Candy Company __knowledge__ The confectionery business segment is made up of many small companies, often with intertwined relationships and histories.", "Farley's &amp; Sathers Candy Company __knowledge__ Catterton Partners formed the Farley's & Sathers Candy Company in 2002 as a vehicle for the purchase of some of the former Farley Foods Company and Sathers Candy Company assets and brands from Kraft.", "Farley's &amp; Sathers Candy Company __knowledge__ Since that time, additional brands and businesses have been added to the roster.", "Farley's &amp; Sathers Candy Company __knowledge__ In 2012, the owners of Farley's & Sathers, L Catterton Partners, purchased Ferrara Pan Candy Company.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ Hot chocolate, also known as hot cocoa, drinking chocolate or just cocoa is a heated beverage consisting of shaved chocolate, melted chocolate or cocoa powder, heated milk or water, and usually a sweetener.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ Hot chocolate may be topped with whipped cream.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ Hot chocolate made with melted chocolate is sometimes called drinking chocolate, characterized by less sweetness and a thicker consistency.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ The first chocolate beverage is believed to have been created by the Mayans around 2,500-3,000 years ago, and a cocoa beverage was an essential part of Aztec culture by 1400 AD, by which they referred to as xocōlātl.", "Marco Pantani __knowledge__ Marco Pantani (; 13 January 1970 – 14 February 2004) was an Italian road racing cyclist, widely considered one of the best climbers of his era in professional road bicycle racing.", "Marco Pantani __knowledge__ He won both the Tour de France and the Giro d'Italia in 1998, being the sixth Italian after Ottavio Bottecchia, Gino Bartali, Fausto Coppi, Felice Gimondi and Gastone Nencini to win the Tour de France.", "Marco Pantani __knowledge__ He is the last cyclist, and one of only seven, to win the Giro and the Tour in the same year.", "Marco Pantani __knowledge__ Pantani's attacking style and aggressive riding turned him into a fan favorite in the late 1990s.", "Marco Pantani __knowledge__ He was known as \"Il Pirata\" (English: \"The pirate\") because of his shaved head and the bandana and earrings he always wore.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Yes and no, or word pairs with a similar usage , are expressions of the affirmative and the negative, respectively, in several languages including English.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages make distinction between answers to affirmative versus negative questions, thus may have triplet or quadruplets of words instead.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ English originally used a four-form system up to and including Early Middle English but Modern English has reduced this to a two-form system consisting of just 'yes' and 'no'.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ It exists in eye blink communication, Morse Code, sign language, and maybe in color coded flag communication.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages do not answer yes–no questions with single words meaning 'yes' or 'no'.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Yes Oh __knowledge__ Yes Oh (styled as yes Oh) is an Israeli television channel carried by the Israeli satellite television provider - \"yes\", which broadcasts newer American and British TV Shows from HBO, AMC, Showtime, Starz and FX in Midnights.", "Yes Oh __knowledge__ The channel began airing on January 21, 2012, on channel 14, replacing \"yes Real\" \"yes Oh\" airs all of its schedule in High Definition simulcast on yes Oh HD on channel 14.", "Yes Oh __knowledge__ On January 17, 2010, \"yes\" launched the channel Yes Next (styled as yes Next and formerly called \"yes stars Next\"), which broadcast American, British and Israeli TV shows from all genres.", "Yes Oh __knowledge__ The concept of the channel was to air shows approaching to the younger demographics.", "Yes TV Shows Channels __knowledge__ Carried by the Israeli satellite television provider - \"yes\", yes TV Shows Channels (formerly stylized as yes stars) is an Israeli group of television channels which broadcasts American, British and Israeli television shows.", "Yes TV Shows Channels __knowledge__ As of April 5, 2016, it consists of four channels: \"yes Drama\" and \"yes Action\" air new episodes of shows in the weeknights (Sundays - Thursdays).", "Yes TV Shows Channels __knowledge__ \"yes Comedy\" airs new episodes of shows in the weekends (Fridays and Saturdays).", "Yes TV Shows Channels __knowledge__ \"yes Oh\" airs new episodes on weeknights.", "Yes TV Shows Channels __knowledge__ The channel \"yes Real\" was canceled on January 16, 2012 and replaced with \"yes Oh\".", "Yes TV Shows Channels __knowledge__ On November 4, 2015, yes Base was discontinued.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Absolutely Fabulous __knowledge__ Absolutely Fabulous, also known as Ab Fab, is a BBC television sitcom created by, written by and starring Jennifer Saunders.", "Absolutely Fabulous __knowledge__ It is based on a 1990 \"French & Saunders\" sketch created by Saunders and Dawn French.", "Absolutely Fabulous __knowledge__ The series features Saunders as Edina Monsoon, a heavy-drinking, drug-abusing PR agent who spends her time chasing bizarre fads in a desperate attempt to stay young and \"hip\".", "Absolutely Fabulous __knowledge__ Edina is joined in her quest by magazine fashion director Patsy Stone (played by Joanna Lumley), her best friend and enabler, whose drug abuse, alcohol consumption, and promiscuity far eclipse Edina's comparatively mild self-destructive behaviour.", "Relayer __knowledge__ Relayer is the seventh studio album from the English rock band Yes, released in November 1974 by Atlantic Records.", "Relayer __knowledge__ After keyboardist Rick Wakeman left the group in May 1974 over disagreements with the band's direction, Yes entered rehearsals as four-piece at bassist Chris Squire's home in Virginia Water, Surrey.", "Relayer __knowledge__ During this period, they found their new keyboardist in Swiss musician Patrick Moraz who incorporates elements of funk and jazz-fusion on the album.", "Relayer __knowledge__ \"Relayer\" is formed of three tracks, with \"The Gates of Delirium\" on side one and \"Sound Chaser\" and \"To Be Over\" on side two.", "Relayer __knowledge__ \"Relayer\" received a mixed to positive reception from contemporary and retrospective critics." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Chocolate is a typically sweet, usually brown food preparation of \"Theobroma cacao\" seeds, roasted and ground.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ It is made in the form of a liquid, paste, or in a block, or used as a flavoring ingredient in other foods.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Cacao has been cultivated by many cultures for at least three millennia in Mesoamerica.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The earliest evidence of use traces to the Olmecs (Mexico), with evidence of chocolate beverages dating back to 1900 BCE.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ In fact, the majority of Mesoamerican people made chocolate beverages, including the Maya and Aztecs, who made it into a beverage known as \"xocolātl\" , a Nahuatl word meaning \"bitter water\".", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The seeds of the cacao tree have an intense bitter taste and must be fermented to develop the flavor.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ After fermentation, the beans are dried, cleaned, and roasted.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The shell is removed to produce cacao nibs, which are then ground to cocoa mass, unadulterated chocolate in rough form.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Once the cocoa mass is liquefied by heating, it is called chocolate liquor.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The liquor also may be cooled and processed into its two components: cocoa solids and cocoa butter.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Baking chocolate, also called bitter chocolate, contains cocoa solids and cocoa butter in varying proportions, without any added sugars.", "Côte d'Or (chocolate) __knowledge__ Côte d'Or is a producer of Belgian chocolate, owned by Mondelēz International.", "Côte d'Or (chocolate) __knowledge__ Côte d'Or was founded in 1883 by Charles Neuhaus, a chocolate manufacturer who used the name Côte d'Or (pseudo French for Gold Coast ) referring to the old name of contemporary Ghana, the source of many of the cacao beans used in chocolate manufacturing.", "Côte d'Or (chocolate) __knowledge__ Côte d'Or was purchased by Jacobs Suchard in 1987; Jacobs Suchard in turn was purchased by Kraft General Foods in 1990, which forked off its chocolate and confectionery brands into Mondelez International in 2012, so that Mondelez is the current owner of the Côte d'Or brand.", "M&amp;M's __knowledge__ M&M's are \"colorful button-shaped chocolates\", each of which has the letter \"m\" printed in lower case on one side, surrounds a filling which varies depending upon the variety of M&M's.", "M&amp;M's __knowledge__ The original candy had a milk chocolate filling which, upon introducing other variations, was branded as the \"plain\" variety.", "M&amp;M's __knowledge__ \"Peanut\" M&M's, which feature a peanut coated in milk chocolate, and finally a candy shell, were the first variation to be introduced, and they remain a regular variety.", "M&amp;M's __knowledge__ Numerous other variations have been introduced, some of which are regular widespread varieties (such as \"peanut butter\", \"almond\", \"pretzel\", \"crispy\", \"dark chocolate\", and \"caramel\") while others are limited in duration or geographic availability.", "Chocolate-coated marshmallow treats __knowledge__ Chocolate-coated marshmallow treats are produced in different variations around the world, with several countries claiming to have invented it or hailing it as their \"national confection\".", "Chocolate-coated marshmallow treats __knowledge__ Originally the treat was made using cream (hence the Danish name \"flødeboller\" (cream buns)), but the filling was later made from egg whites to help industrialize production and improve shelf life.", "Chocolate-coated marshmallow treats __knowledge__ Many languages used to call these treats by phrases or compounds using a counterpart to negro (e.g.", "Chocolate-coated marshmallow treats __knowledge__ \"negro's kiss\", \"negro bun\"); most but not all of these are increasingly being avoided, especially in formal writing, in favour of replacements such as \"choco-kiss\".", "Kit Kat __knowledge__ Kit Kat is a chocolate-covered wafer bar confection created by Rowntree's of York, United Kingdom, and is now produced globally by Nestlé, which acquired Rowntree in 1988, with the exception of the United States where it is made under license by H.B.", "Kit Kat __knowledge__ Reese Candy Company, a division of The Hershey Company.", "Kit Kat __knowledge__ The standard bars consist of two or four fingers composed of three layers of wafer, separated and covered by an outer layer of chocolate.", "Kit Kat __knowledge__ Each finger can be snapped from the bar separately.", "Kit Kat __knowledge__ There are many different flavours of Kit Kat, including milk, white, and dark chocolate.", "Kit Kat __knowledge__ Use of the name Kit Kat or Kit Cat for a type of food goes back to the 18th century, when mutton pies known as a Kit-Kat were served at meetings of the political Kit-Cat Club in London owned by pastry chef Christopher Catling.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ The chocolate industry in the Philippines evidences the agricultural roots of the Philippine society.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ The growing of cacao or cocoa boasts a long history stretching from the colonial times.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ Originating from Mesoamerican forests, cacao was first introduced by the Spanish colonizers four centuries ago.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ Since then the Philippine cocoa industry has been the primary producer of cocoa beans in the Southeast Asia.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ There are many areas of production of cacao in the Philippines, owing to its agriculture.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ The chocolate industry is currently on a small to medium scale.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ The word “chocolate” as we know it today was spelled in different ways throughout time, in different ways such as “chocalatall,” “jocolatte,” “jacolatte,” and “chockelet.” It is a derivative of the word \"cacahuatl\" or \"xocoatl\", a bitter drink the Aztecs brewed from cacao beans mixed with spices, wine, and other local ingredients that can be traced back to Pre-Columbian Mexico.", "Health effects of chocolate __knowledge__ The health effects of chocolate are the possible positive and negative effects on health of eating chocolate.", "Health effects of chocolate __knowledge__ Unconstrained consumption of large quantities of any energy-rich food, such as chocolate, without a corresponding increase in activity, increases the risk of obesity.", "Health effects of chocolate __knowledge__ Raw chocolate is high in cocoa butter, a fat removed during chocolate refining, then added back in varying proportions during manufacturing.", "Health effects of chocolate __knowledge__ Manufacturers may add other fats, sugars, and powdered milk as well.", "Health effects of chocolate __knowledge__ Although considerable research has been conducted to evaluate the potential health benefits of consuming chocolate, there are insufficient studies to confirm any effect and no medical or regulatory authority has approved any health claim.", "Cadbury __knowledge__ Cadbury, formerly Cadbury's, is a British multinational confectionery company wholly owned by Mondelez International (originally Kraft Foods) since 2010.", "Cadbury __knowledge__ It is the second-largest confectionery brand in the world after Wrigley's.", "Cadbury __knowledge__ Cadbury is internationally headquartered in Uxbridge, West London, and operates in more than 50 countries worldwide.", "Cadbury __knowledge__ It is famous for its Dairy Milk chocolate, the Creme Egg and Roses selection box, and many other confectionery products.", "Cadbury __knowledge__ One of the best-known British brands, in 2013 \"The Daily Telegraph\" named Cadbury among Britain's most successful exports.", "Cadbury __knowledge__ Cadbury was established in Birmingham, England in 1824, by John Cadbury who sold tea, coffee and drinking chocolate.", "Theobromine __knowledge__ Theobromine, formerly known as xantheose, is a bitter alkaloid of the cacao plant, with the chemical formula CHNO.", "Theobromine __knowledge__ It is found in chocolate, as well as in a number of other foods, including the leaves of the tea plant, and the kola (or cola) nut.", "Theobromine __knowledge__ It is classified as a xanthine alkaloid, which also include the similar compounds theophylline and caffeine.", "Theobromine __knowledge__ The compounds differ in that caffeine has an extra methyl group (see under Pharmacology section).", "Theobromine __knowledge__ Despite its name, the compound contains no bromine—\"theobromine\" is derived from \"Theobroma\", the name of the genus of the cacao tree, (which itself is made up of the Greek roots \"theo\" (\"god\") and \"broma\" (\"food\"), meaning \"food of the gods\") with the suffix \"-ine\" given to alkaloids and other basic nitrogen-containing compounds." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Chocolate is a typically sweet, usually brown food preparation of \"Theobroma cacao\" seeds, roasted and ground.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ It is made in the form of a liquid, paste, or in a block, or used as a flavoring ingredient in other foods.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Cacao has been cultivated by many cultures for at least three millennia in Mesoamerica.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The earliest evidence of use traces to the Olmecs (Mexico), with evidence of chocolate beverages dating back to 1900 BCE.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ In fact, the majority of Mesoamerican people made chocolate beverages, including the Maya and Aztecs, who made it into a beverage known as \"xocolātl\" , a Nahuatl word meaning \"bitter water\".", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The seeds of the cacao tree have an intense bitter taste and must be fermented to develop the flavor.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ After fermentation, the beans are dried, cleaned, and roasted.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The shell is removed to produce cacao nibs, which are then ground to cocoa mass, unadulterated chocolate in rough form.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Once the cocoa mass is liquefied by heating, it is called chocolate liquor.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The liquor also may be cooled and processed into its two components: cocoa solids and cocoa butter.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Baking chocolate, also called bitter chocolate, contains cocoa solids and cocoa butter in varying proportions, without any added sugars.", "List of drinks __knowledge__ Drinks are liquids that can be consumed.", "List of drinks __knowledge__ In addition to basic needs, drinks form part of the culture of human society.", "List of drinks __knowledge__ In a commercial setting, drinks, other than water, may be termed beverages.", "List of drinks __knowledge__ Note: due to the high number of drinks in existence, this article is limited to being organized categorically, based upon the main subcategories within the category page, along with information about primary topics and list article links.", "List of drinks __knowledge__ – An alcoholic drink is a drink containing ethanol, commonly known as alcohol, although in chemistry the definition of an alcohol includes many other compounds.", "List of drinks __knowledge__ Alcoholic drinks, such as wine, beer, and liquor have been part of human culture and development for 8,000 years.", "Oaxacan cuisine __knowledge__ Oaxacan cuisine is a regional cuisine of Mexico, centered on the city of Oaxaca, the capital of the state of the same name located in southern Mexico.", "Oaxacan cuisine __knowledge__ Oaxaca is one of Mexico's major gastronomic, historical, and gastro-historical centers whose cuisine is known internationally Like the rest of Mexican cuisine, Oaxacan food is based on staples such as corn, beans and chile peppers, but there is a great variety of other ingredients and food preparations due to the influence of the state’s varied geography and indigenous cultures.", "Oaxacan cuisine __knowledge__ Corn and many beans were first cultivated in Oaxaca.", "Oaxacan cuisine __knowledge__ Well known features of the cuisine include ingredients such as chocolate (often drunk in a hot preparation with spices and other flavorings), Oaxaca cheese, mezcal and grasshoppers (chapulines) with dishes such as tlayudas, Oaxacan style tamales and seven notable varieties of mole sauce.", "List of chocolate drinks __knowledge__ This is a list of notable chocolate drinks.", "List of chocolate drinks __knowledge__ Chocolate is a processed, typically sweetened food produced from the seed of the tropical \"Theobroma cacao\" tree.", "List of chocolate drinks __knowledge__ Its earliest documented use is by the Olmecs of south central Mexico around 1100 BC.", "List of chocolate drinks __knowledge__ The majority of Mesoamerican people made chocolate beverages, including the Maya and Aztecs, who made it into a beverage known as \"xocolātl\" , a Nahuatl word meaning \"bitter water.\"", "Max Brenner __knowledge__ Max Brenner is a worldwide chocolate restaurant and retail brand headquartered in New York City, United States.", "Max Brenner __knowledge__ The company operates more than 50 locations internationally, the majority (38) of which are in Australia.", "Max Brenner __knowledge__ Other locations include five in the United States, one each in Boston, New York City, Philadelphia, Bethesda, MD and Paramus, NJ, as well as in Israel, Japan, Singapore, Russia, and China.", "Max Brenner __knowledge__ The company's mantra is that it is creating a new chocolate culture by inviting people to watch, taste and smell its love story.", "Max Brenner __knowledge__ It specializes in decadent, chocolate-based desserts such as fondue, crepes, milkshakes, waffles, and hot chocolate, many of which it serves in signature utensils.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ Chocolate cake or Chocolate gateau (from French: \"gâteau au chocolat\") is a cake flavored with melted chocolate, cocoa powder, or both.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ Chocolate cake is made with chocolate; it can be made with other ingredients, as well.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ These ingredients include fudge, vanilla creme, and other sweeteners.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ The history of chocolate cake goes back to 1764, when Dr. James Baker discovered how to make chocolate by grinding cocoa beans between two massive circular millstones.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ In 1828, Conrad Van Houten of the Netherlands developed a mechanical extraction method for extracting the fat from cacao liquor resulting in cacao butter and the partly defatted cacao, a compacted mass of solids that could be sold as it was \"rock cacao\" or ground into powder.", "Coenraad Johannes van Houten __knowledge__ Coenraad Johannes van Houten (March 15, 1801, Amsterdam – 27 May 1887, Weesp) was a Dutch chemist and chocolate maker known for the treatment of cocoa mass with alkaline salts to remove the bitter taste and make cocoa solids more water-soluble; the resulting product is still called \"Dutch process chocolate\".", "Coenraad Johannes van Houten __knowledge__ He is also credited with introducing a method for pressing the fat (cocoa butter) from roasted cocoa beans, though this was in fact his father's invention.", "Coenraad Johannes van Houten __knowledge__ Coenraad van Houten was the son of Casparus van Houten (1770–1858) and Arnoldina Koster.", "Coenraad Johannes van Houten __knowledge__ His father opened a chocolate factory in Amsterdam in 1815, with a mill turned by laborers.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ Hot chocolate, also known as hot cocoa, drinking chocolate or just cocoa is a heated beverage consisting of shaved chocolate, melted chocolate or cocoa powder, heated milk or water, and usually a sweetener.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ Hot chocolate may be topped with whipped cream.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ Hot chocolate made with melted chocolate is sometimes called drinking chocolate, characterized by less sweetness and a thicker consistency.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ The first chocolate beverage is believed to have been created by the Mayans around 2,500-3,000 years ago, and a cocoa beverage was an essential part of Aztec culture by 1400 AD, by which they referred to as xocōlātl.", "Ordeal of the bitter water __knowledge__ A Sotah ( / סוטה) is a woman suspected of adultery who undergoes the ordeal of bitter water or ordeal of jealousy as described and prescribed in the Priestly Code, in the Book of Numbers, the fourth book of the Hebrew Bible.", "Ordeal of the bitter water __knowledge__ The term \"Sotah\" itself is not found in the Hebrew Bible but is Mishnaic Hebrew based on the verse \"if she has strayed\" (verb: שטה \"satah\") in Numbers 5:12.", "Ordeal of the bitter water __knowledge__ The process was a trial by ordeal administered to the wife whose husband suspected her of adultery but who had no witnesses to make a formal case ().", "Ordeal of the bitter water __knowledge__ The ordeal is further explained in the Talmud, in the eponymous seventh tractate of \"Nashim\".", "Aztec cuisine __knowledge__ Aztec cuisine was the cuisine of the Aztec Empire and the Nahua peoples of the Valley of Mexico prior to European contact in 1519.", "Aztec cuisine __knowledge__ The most important staple was corn (maize), a crop that was so important to Aztec society that it played a central part in their mythology.", "Aztec cuisine __knowledge__ Just like wheat in much of Europe or rice in most of East Asia, it was the food without which a meal was not a meal.", "Aztec cuisine __knowledge__ It came in varieties that differed in color, texture, size and prestige, and was eaten as corn tortillas, tamales or \"ātōlli\", maize gruel.", "Aztec cuisine __knowledge__ The other constants of Aztec food were salt and chili peppers and the basic definition of Aztec fasting was to abstain from these two flavors.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ The chocolate industry in the Philippines evidences the agricultural roots of the Philippine society.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ The growing of cacao or cocoa boasts a long history stretching from the colonial times.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ Originating from Mesoamerican forests, cacao was first introduced by the Spanish colonizers four centuries ago.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ Since then the Philippine cocoa industry has been the primary producer of cocoa beans in the Southeast Asia.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ There are many areas of production of cacao in the Philippines, owing to its agriculture.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ The chocolate industry is currently on a small to medium scale.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ The word “chocolate” as we know it today was spelled in different ways throughout time, in different ways such as “chocalatall,” “jocolatte,” “jacolatte,” and “chockelet.” It is a derivative of the word \"cacahuatl\" or \"xocoatl\", a bitter drink the Aztecs brewed from cacao beans mixed with spices, wine, and other local ingredients that can be traced back to Pre-Columbian Mexico.", "History of chocolate __knowledge__ The history of chocolate begins in Mesoamerica.", "History of chocolate __knowledge__ Fermented beverages made from chocolate date back to 1900 BC.", "History of chocolate __knowledge__ The Aztecs believed that cacao seeds were the gift of Quetzalcoatl, the god of wisdom, and the seeds once had so much value that they were used as a form of currency.", "History of chocolate __knowledge__ Originally prepared only as a drink, chocolate was served as a bitter, from a liquid, mixed with spices or corn puree.", "History of chocolate __knowledge__ It was believed to have aphrodisiac powers and to give the drinker strength.", "History of chocolate __knowledge__ Today, such drinks are also known as \"Chilate\" and are made by locals in the South of Mexico.", "History of chocolate __knowledge__ After its arrival to Europe in the sixteenth century, sugar was added to it, rendering it an aphrodisiac, and it became popular throughout society, first among the ruling classes and then among the common people.", "Marah (Bible) __knowledge__ Marah ( meaning 'bitter') is one of the locations which the Torah identifies as having been travelled through by the Israelites, during the Exodus.", "Marah (Bible) __knowledge__ The liberated Israelites set out on their journey in the desert, somewhere in the Sinai Peninsula.", "Marah (Bible) __knowledge__ It becomes clear that they are not spiritually free.", "Marah (Bible) __knowledge__ Reaching Marah, the place of a \"well of bitter water\", bitterness and murmuring, Israel receives a first set of divine ordinances and the foundation of the Shabbat.", "Marah (Bible) __knowledge__ The shortage of water there is followed by a shortness of food.", "Marah (Bible) __knowledge__ Moses throws a log into the bitter water, making it sweet.", "Marah (Bible) __knowledge__ Later God sends manna and quail." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 5, 22 ]

[ "Oh, yes, Absolutely!", "I prefer dark chocolate that isn't as sweet as milk chocolate.", "I'm not sure I would like bitter water for a chocolate drink.", "I like chocolate Almond milk. I'm glad chocolate has health benefits as well." ]

[ "Chocolate", "Chocolate", "Chocolate", "Chocolate" ]

[ "Weight training\nI go to the gym and do weight training 3 times a week. Do you workout?", "I use dumbbells the most but I'm weak. I use 15 pounds in each hand. lol", "No I'm a female and I don't really think that is attractive on a woman. It's just not for me.", "Wow! Yes there are some really muscular chicks out there!", "Yes I love doing it. It's a great workout!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Weight training __knowledge__ Weight training is a common type of strength training for developing the strength and size of skeletal muscles.", "Weight training __knowledge__ It utilizes the force of gravity in the form of weighted bars, dumbbells or weight stacks in order to oppose the force generated by muscle through concentric or eccentric contraction.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Weight training uses a variety of specialized to target specific muscle groups and types of movement.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Sports where strength training is central are bodybuilding, weightlifting, powerlifting, and strongman, highland games, shot put, discus throw, and javelin throw.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Many other sports use strength training as part of their training regimen, notably: American football, baseball, basketball, football, hockey, lacrosse, mixed martial arts, rowing, rugby league, rugby union, track and field, and wrestling.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Strength training for other sports and physical activities is popular.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Strength training is an inclusive term that describes all exercises devoted toward increasing physical strength.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Weight training is a type of strength training that uses weights, Eccentric Training or muscular resistance to increase strength.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Endurance training is associated with aerobic exercise while flexibility training is associated with stretching exercise like yoga or pilates.", "Strength training __knowledge__ Strength training is a type of physical exercise specializing in the use of resistance to induce muscular contraction which builds the strength, anaerobic endurance, and size of skeletal muscles.", "Strength training __knowledge__ When properly performed, strength training can provide significant functional benefits and improvement in overall health and well-being, including increased bone, muscle, tendon, and ligament strength and toughness, improved joint function, reduced potential for injury, increased bone density, increased metabolism, increased fitness and improved cardiac function.", "Strength training __knowledge__ Training commonly uses the technique of progressively increasing the force output of the muscle through incremental weight increases and uses a variety of exercises and types of to target specific muscle groups.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Glory Days is the sixteenth season of \"The Biggest Loser\" which premiered on September 11, 2014 on NBC.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ Bob Harper and Dolvett Quince returned as trainers, while Jillian Michaels decided to leave the show.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ There are two new trainers this season: Jessie Pavelka and Jennifer Widerstrom.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season, the contestants are all former athletes including former National Football League players and Olympic Gold medalists.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize which was awarded to Toma Dobrosavljevic, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season was also the last for host Alison Sweeney to focus on other projects.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Couples 4 is the eleventh season of the NBC reality television series entitled \"The Biggest Loser\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize, which was awarded to Olivia Ward, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ It premiered on January 4, 2011.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ Along with existing trainers Bob Harper and Jillian Michaels, two new trainers (Cara Castronuova and Brett Hoebel) will be featured who were revealed in Week 3.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ One of the featured contestants is Rulon Gardner, a former gold medalist at the 2000 Summer Olympics.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ It was the longest season in Biggest Loser history at 20 weeks long.", "The Biggest Loser (season 13) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: No Excuses is the thirteenth season of the NBC reality television series entitled \"The Biggest Loser\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 13) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize, which was awarded to Jeremy Britt, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight lost.", "The Biggest Loser (season 13) __knowledge__ It premiered on January 3, 2012.", "The Biggest Loser (season 13) __knowledge__ Alongside veteran trainer Bob Harper, Dolvett Quince returned for his second season.", "The Biggest Loser (season 13) __knowledge__ The contestants come to the ranch in pairs, but are split up with one person training with Bob and one with Dolvett and the teams competing against each other and their loved ones in challenges.", "The Biggest Loser (season 13) __knowledge__ The \"Total Votes\" column indicates the number of votes cast against the contestant when he/she was eliminated.", "The Biggest Loser (season 7) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Couples 2 is the seventh season of the NBC reality television series \"The Biggest Loser\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 7) __knowledge__ The season premiered on January 6, 2009, with eleven overweight couples competing for a cash prize of $250,000.", "The Biggest Loser (season 7) __knowledge__ Alison Sweeney is featured as the host, with trainers Bob Harper and Jillian Michaels.", "The Biggest Loser (season 7) __knowledge__ Helen Phillips won the competition with a total weight loss percentage of 54.47%.", "The Biggest Loser (season 7) __knowledge__ Total Votes counts only votes that are revealed at elimination.", "The Biggest Loser (season 7) __knowledge__ The total doesn't count unrevealed votes (if the contestant has already received the require number of votes needed to be eliminated).", "The Biggest Loser (season 7) __knowledge__ Contestants are listed in chronological order of elimination.", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Second Chances is the eighth season of the NBC reality television series \"The Biggest Loser\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize, which was awarded to Danny Cahill, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight lost.", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ This season premiered on NBC on Tuesday, September 15, 2009.", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ The season's theme meant that each of the candidates had met with heartbreak and tragedy during their lifetime.", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ Among notable stories, Shay Sorrells grew up in foster care while her mother unsuccessfully struggled with heroin addiction, while Abby Rike lost her husband and children in a head-on collision caused by a speeding driver." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Weight training __knowledge__ Weight training is a common type of strength training for developing the strength and size of skeletal muscles.", "Weight training __knowledge__ It utilizes the force of gravity in the form of weighted bars, dumbbells or weight stacks in order to oppose the force generated by muscle through concentric or eccentric contraction.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Weight training uses a variety of specialized to target specific muscle groups and types of movement.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Sports where strength training is central are bodybuilding, weightlifting, powerlifting, and strongman, highland games, shot put, discus throw, and javelin throw.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Many other sports use strength training as part of their training regimen, notably: American football, baseball, basketball, football, hockey, lacrosse, mixed martial arts, rowing, rugby league, rugby union, track and field, and wrestling.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Strength training for other sports and physical activities is popular.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Strength training is an inclusive term that describes all exercises devoted toward increasing physical strength.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Weight training is a type of strength training that uses weights, Eccentric Training or muscular resistance to increase strength.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Endurance training is associated with aerobic exercise while flexibility training is associated with stretching exercise like yoga or pilates.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Glory Days is the sixteenth season of \"The Biggest Loser\" which premiered on September 11, 2014 on NBC.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ Bob Harper and Dolvett Quince returned as trainers, while Jillian Michaels decided to leave the show.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ There are two new trainers this season: Jessie Pavelka and Jennifer Widerstrom.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season, the contestants are all former athletes including former National Football League players and Olympic Gold medalists.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize which was awarded to Toma Dobrosavljevic, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season was also the last for host Alison Sweeney to focus on other projects.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Couples 4 is the eleventh season of the NBC reality television series entitled \"The Biggest Loser\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize, which was awarded to Olivia Ward, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ It premiered on January 4, 2011.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ Along with existing trainers Bob Harper and Jillian Michaels, two new trainers (Cara Castronuova and Brett Hoebel) will be featured who were revealed in Week 3.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ One of the featured contestants is Rulon Gardner, a former gold medalist at the 2000 Summer Olympics.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ It was the longest season in Biggest Loser history at 20 weeks long.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ This Is England '86 is a 2010 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne, a spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\".", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Set three years later, it focuses on the mod revival scene rather than the skinhead subculture, with the gang variously adopting an eclectic mix of clothing styles.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Like the film version previously, Thomas Turgoose stars as Shaun, with central roles played by Joe Gilgun as Woody, now a scooter-riding mod, although girlfriend Lol (Vicky McClure) and her friend Trev stay loyal to their roots and still wear the skinhead garb.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Lol's sister Kelly has gone new wave/punk, while other gang members adopt psychobilly, early chav and mohican influences.", "LOL __knowledge__ LOL, or lol, is an acronym for laugh(ing) out loud or lots of laughs, and a popular element of Internet slang.", "LOL __knowledge__ It was first used almost exclusively on Usenet, but has since become widespread in other forms of computer-mediated communication and even face-to-face communication.", "LOL __knowledge__ It is one of many initialisms for expressing bodily reactions, in particular laughter, as text, including initialisms for more emphatic expressions of laughter such as LMAO (\"laugh(ing) my ass off\") and ROFL (or its older form ROTFL; \"roll(ing) on the floor laughing\").", "LOL __knowledge__ Other unrelated expansions include the now mostly obsolete \"lots of luck\" or \"lots of love\" used in letter-writing.", "The Biggest Loser (season 15) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Second Chances 2 is the fifteenth season of the NBC reality television series entitled \"The Biggest Loser\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 15) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win the $250,000 prize, which was awarded to Rachel Frederickson.", "The Biggest Loser (season 15) __knowledge__ It premiered on October 15, 2013.", "The Biggest Loser (season 15) __knowledge__ This was the first season to introduce a trainer save, in which each trainer could choose to save one contestant on their team from being sent home as a result falling below the red line.", "The Biggest Loser (season 15) __knowledge__ The season was won by Rachel Frederickson, weighing in at only 105 pounds.", "The Biggest Loser (season 15) __knowledge__ Mass-media had raised concern, wondering if that was a healthy weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 15) __knowledge__ In the same month after the finale, Fredrickson regained 20 pounds to reach her 'perfect weight', putting her at 125 pounds.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ This Is England '90 is a 2015 British TV drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne and produced by Warp Films.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ A spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\", it is also a sequel to the series \"This Is England '86\" and \"This Is England '88\".", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ \"This Is England '90\" was originally due in late 2012, but in July 2012, Meadows announced that the production had been put on hold in order for him to complete his The Stone Roses, and the actors were still waiting for confirmation as to when filming would start.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ In March 2014, Meadows confirmed that shooting would start later in the year although he had not yet finished the script.", "Weight plate __knowledge__ A weight plate is a flat, heavy object, usually made of cast iron, that is used in combination with barbells or dumbbells to produce a bar with a desired total weight for the purpose of physical exercise.", "Weight plate __knowledge__ Two general categories exist: \"standard\" plates, which have a center hole of approximately one inch (25 mm), and \"Olympic\" plates, meant to fit on the two-inch (50 mm) sleeves of Olympic barbells.", "Weight plate __knowledge__ Standard plates are usually paired with adjustable dumbbells and Olympic plates with full-size barbells, although standard barbells and Olympic dumbbells exist.", "Weight plate __knowledge__ Weight plates may incorporate holes for ease of carrying (called \"grip plates\") or be solid discs (especially those used for competition).", "Weighted clothing __knowledge__ Weighted clothing is clothing that adds weight to various parts of the body, usually as part of resistance training.", "Weighted clothing __knowledge__ The effect is achieved through attaching weighted pieces to the body (or to other garments) which leave the hands free to grasp objects.", "Weighted clothing __knowledge__ Unlike with held weights or machines, weighted clothing can leave users more able to do a variety of movements and manual labour.", "Weighted clothing __knowledge__ In some cases certain weighted clothing can be worn under normal clothing, to disguise its use to allow exercise in casual environments.", "Weighted clothing __knowledge__ The use of weighted clothing is a form of resistance training, generally a kind of weight training.", "Cemaes Bay F.C. __knowledge__ Cemaes Bay F.C.", "Cemaes Bay F.C. __knowledge__ is a football team playing in the Gwynedd League (part of the Welsh football league system).", "Cemaes Bay F.C. __knowledge__ Between 1995 and 1998 the club played in the League of Wales.", "Cemaes Bay F.C. __knowledge__ A football team is recorded in Cemaes Bay as far back as 1870 and a team of that name played in the Anglesey League between the years 1948 and 1955.", "Cemaes Bay F.C. __knowledge__ The current Cemaes Bay Football Club was not formed until 1976 and joined the Anglesey League for the 1976/77 season.", "Cemaes Bay F.C. __knowledge__ The club used the facilities at the nearby Wylfa Nuclear Power Station, playing briefly at a ground next to the Gadlys Hotel in 1980, then returning to Wylfa.", "Cemaes Bay F.C. __knowledge__ The club’s present School Lane ground was developed in time for the club to enter the Anglesey League and the League of Wales in 1995.", "Numbertime __knowledge__ Numbertime is a BBC educational numeracy television series for primary schools that was aired on BBC Two from 20 September 1993 to 3 December 2001.", "Numbertime __knowledge__ For its first four series, it was presented by Lolita Chakrabarti.", "Numbertime __knowledge__ El Nombre, an animated character from \"Numbertime\", eventually became the concept for another educational BBC children's television program; his name means \"The Name\" in Spanish, and not \"The Number\", which would be \"El Número\".", "Numbertime __knowledge__ The third line of his opening song and his farewell catchphrase were also changed several times during the series' run, to reflect their focus - however, the original ones (\"Writing numbers in the desert sand\" which was also used for the seventh series, and \"Adios amigos, and keep counting\" which was also used for the fourth, sixth, seventh, eighth and ninth series) remain the most famous.", "Iyo, Ehime __knowledge__ On August 1, 2016, the city has an estimated population of 37,982 and a population density of 195.93 persons per km².", "Iyo, Ehime __knowledge__ The total area is 194.44 km².", "Iyo, Ehime __knowledge__ On April 1, 2005, Iyo absorbed the towns of Nakayama and Futami (both from Iyo District) to create the new and expanded city of Iyo, raising its population to over 40,000 and nearly quadrupling its area.", "Iyo, Ehime __knowledge__ The seal of the city of Iyo incorporates the red of the sunset of Futami, the green of Nakayama, and the blue of the original Iyo city seal.", "Iyo, Ehime __knowledge__ Iyo is situated in the center of Ehime, approximately 10 kilometers southwest of the prefectural capital of Matsuyama.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Yes and no, or word pairs with a similar usage , are expressions of the affirmative and the negative, respectively, in several languages including English.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages make distinction between answers to affirmative versus negative questions, thus may have triplet or quadruplets of words instead.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ English originally used a four-form system up to and including Early Middle English but Modern English has reduced this to a two-form system consisting of just 'yes' and 'no'.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ It exists in eye blink communication, Morse Code, sign language, and maybe in color coded flag communication.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages do not answer yes–no questions with single words meaning 'yes' or 'no'." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Weight training __knowledge__ Weight training is a common type of strength training for developing the strength and size of skeletal muscles.", "Weight training __knowledge__ It utilizes the force of gravity in the form of weighted bars, dumbbells or weight stacks in order to oppose the force generated by muscle through concentric or eccentric contraction.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Weight training uses a variety of specialized to target specific muscle groups and types of movement.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Sports where strength training is central are bodybuilding, weightlifting, powerlifting, and strongman, highland games, shot put, discus throw, and javelin throw.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Many other sports use strength training as part of their training regimen, notably: American football, baseball, basketball, football, hockey, lacrosse, mixed martial arts, rowing, rugby league, rugby union, track and field, and wrestling.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Strength training for other sports and physical activities is popular.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Strength training is an inclusive term that describes all exercises devoted toward increasing physical strength.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Weight training is a type of strength training that uses weights, Eccentric Training or muscular resistance to increase strength.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Endurance training is associated with aerobic exercise while flexibility training is associated with stretching exercise like yoga or pilates.", "Erica Hahn __knowledge__ Erica Hahn, M.D.", "Erica Hahn __knowledge__ is a fictional character from the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) medical drama television series \"Grey's Anatomy\", portrayed by actress Brooke Smith.", "Erica Hahn __knowledge__ Hahn was a recurring character through the show's second and third seasons, and joined the main cast in the fourth season.", "Erica Hahn __knowledge__ Prior to assuming the role, Smith observed heart surgery being performed, and admitted to finding stressful the pressure of continually portraying a medical professional realistically.", "Erica Hahn __knowledge__ The character is presented as highly professional, to the point of being a \"workaholic\".", "Erica Hahn __knowledge__ She is notably hard on Resident Cristina Yang (Sandra Oh), admitting that Cristina reminds her of herself as a student.", "Physical attractiveness __knowledge__ Physical attractiveness is the degree to which a person's physical features are considered aesthetically pleasing or beautiful.", "Physical attractiveness __knowledge__ The term often implies sexual attractiveness or desirability, but can also be distinct from either.", "Physical attractiveness __knowledge__ There are many factors which influence one person's attraction to another, with physical aspects being one of them.", "Physical attractiveness __knowledge__ Physical attraction itself includes universal perceptions common to all human cultures, as well as aspects that are culturally and socially dependent, along with individual subjective preferences.", "Physical attractiveness __knowledge__ In many cases, humans subconsciously attribute positive characteristics, such as intelligence and honesty, to physically attractive people.", "Hillary Clinton presidential primary campaign, 2008 __knowledge__ Hillary Clinton won many primaries, but lost the Democratic Party nomination to Barack Obama during the United States presidential election, 2008.", "Hillary Clinton presidential primary campaign, 2008 __knowledge__ In February 2007 \"The Los Angeles Times\" reported that several anti-Clinton organizations, including Stop Her Now and \"Stop Hillary PAC\", were preparing \"swiftboating\" style attacks against her, with venues to include a documentary film, numerous books, and websites.", "Hillary Clinton presidential primary campaign, 2008 __knowledge__ A top Rudy Giuliani donor, Richard Collins, who has also supported George W. Bush for several years, was central in establishing \"Stop Her Now.\"", "Hillary Clinton presidential primary campaign, 2008 __knowledge__ CNN reported that 320,000 users joined the Facebook group \"Stop Hillary Clinton: (One Million Strong AGAINST Hillary)\".", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Maria Callas, Commendatore OMRI (; December 2, 1923 – September 16, 1977), was a Greek-American soprano, and one of the most renowned and influential opera singers of the 20th century.", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Many critics praised her \"bel canto\" technique, wide-ranging voice and dramatic interpretations.", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Her repertoire ranged from classical \"opera seria\" to the \"bel canto\" operas of Donizetti, Bellini and Rossini and further, to the works of Verdi and Puccini; and, in her early career, to the music dramas of Wagner.", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Her musical and dramatic talents led to her being hailed as \"La Divina\".", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Born in New York City and raised by an overbearing mother, she received her musical education in Greece and established her career in Italy.", "Cristina Yang __knowledge__ Cristina Yang, M.D., Ph.D., is a fictional character from the medical drama television series \"Grey's Anatomy\", which has aired for over 13 years on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) in the United States.", "Cristina Yang __knowledge__ The character was created by series producer Shonda Rhimes, and is portrayed by actress Sandra Oh.", "Cristina Yang __knowledge__ Introduced as a surgical intern at the fictional Seattle Grace Hospital, Yang worked her way up to resident level, eventually becoming a cardiothoracic surgical fellow, while her relationships with colleagues Meredith Grey (Ellen Pompeo), George O'Malley (T. R. Knight), Izzie Stevens (Katherine Heigl), and Alex Karev (Justin Chambers) formed a focal point of the series.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Various characters appeared in the sitcom \"Friends\", which aired for ten seasons on NBC from 1994 to 2004.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ It featured six main cast members: Rachel Green (Jennifer Aniston), Phoebe Buffay (Lisa Kudrow), Joey Tribbiani (Matt LeBlanc), Chandler Bing (Matthew Perry), Ross Geller (David Schwimmer) and Monica Geller (Courteney Cox).", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Many celebrities guest starred on the series throughout its ten-year run.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ The main cast members were familiar to television viewers before their roles on \"Friends\", but were not considered to be stars.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Series creator David Crane wanted all six characters to be equally prominent, and the series was lauded as being \"the first true 'ensemble' show\".", "Powerlifting __knowledge__ Powerlifting is a strength sport that consists of three attempts at maximal weight on three lifts: squat, bench press, and deadlift.", "Powerlifting __knowledge__ As in the sport of Olympic weightlifting, it involves the athlete attempting a maximal weight single lift of a barbell loaded with weight plates.", "Powerlifting __knowledge__ Powerlifting evolved from a sport known as \"odd lifts\", which followed the same three-attempt format but used a wider variety of events, akin to strongman competition.", "Powerlifting __knowledge__ Eventually odd lifts became standardized to the current three.", "Powerlifting __knowledge__ In competition, lifts may be performed equipped or un-equipped (typically referred to as 'raw' lifting or 'classic' in the IPF specifically).", "Bodybuilding __knowledge__ Bodybuilding is the use of progressive resistance exercise to control and develop one's musculature.", "Bodybuilding __knowledge__ An individual who engages in this activity is referred to as a bodybuilder.", "Bodybuilding __knowledge__ In professional bodybuilding, bodybuilders appear in lineups and perform specified poses (and later individual posing routines) for a panel of judges who rank the competitors based on criteria such as symmetry, muscularity, and conditioning.", "Bodybuilding __knowledge__ Bodybuilders prepare for competitions through a combination of intentional dehydration, elimination of nonessential body fat, and carbohydrate loading to achieve maximum vascularity, as well as tanning to accentuate muscular definition.", "Mark Henry __knowledge__ Mark Jerrold Henry (born June 12, 1971) is an American powerlifter, Olympic weightlifter, strongman, and professional wrestler, who is currently signed to WWE as a producer.", "Mark Henry __knowledge__ He was a two-time Olympian in 1992 and 1996 and a gold, silver, and bronze medalist at the Pan American Games in 1995.", "Mark Henry __knowledge__ As a powerlifter, he was WDFPF World Champion (1995) and a two-time U.S. National Champion (1995 and 1997) as well as an all-time raw world record holder in the squat and deadlift.", "Mark Henry __knowledge__ Currently, he still holds the WDFPF world records in the squat, deadlift and total and the USAPL American record in the deadlift since 1995.", "Female bodybuilding __knowledge__ Female bodybuilding is the female component of competitive bodybuilding.", "Female bodybuilding __knowledge__ It began in the late 1970s when women began to take part in bodybuilding competitions.", "Female bodybuilding __knowledge__ Female bodybuilding originally developed as an outgrowth of not only the late nineteenth-century European vaudeville and circus strongwomen acts, Bernarr Macfadden's turn of the century women's physique competitions, and the weightlifting of Abbye \"Pudgy\" Stockton, but also as an outgrowth of the men's bodybuilding.", "Female bodybuilding __knowledge__ The contest formats of men's events during the 1950s to the mid-1970s had often been supplemented with either a women's beauty contest or bikini show.", "Arnold Schwarzenegger __knowledge__ Arnold Alois Schwarzenegger (; ; born July 30, 1947) is an Austrian-American actor, producer, businessman, investor, author, philanthropist, activist, politician, and former professional bodybuilder.", "Arnold Schwarzenegger __knowledge__ He served two terms as the 38th Governor of California from 2003 to 2011.", "Arnold Schwarzenegger __knowledge__ Schwarzenegger began weight training at the age of 15.", "Arnold Schwarzenegger __knowledge__ He won the Mr. Universe title at age 20 and went on to win the Mr. Olympia contest seven times, remaining a prominent presence in bodybuilding and writing many books and articles on the sport.", "Arnold Schwarzenegger __knowledge__ The Arnold Sports Festival, considered one of the best professional bodybuilding competitions in recent years, is named after him.", "Bev Francis __knowledge__ Beverley \"Bev\" Francis (born 15 February 1955) is an Australian gym owner and retired professional bodybuilder, powerlifter, and national shot put champion.", "Bev Francis __knowledge__ Beverley Francis was born on 15 February 1955 in Geelong, Victoria, the youngest of five children.", "Bev Francis __knowledge__ In 1976, she graduated from the University of Melbourne, where she obtained a degree in physical education and a teaching diploma.", "Bev Francis __knowledge__ She then worked as a high school physical education and mathematics teacher for eight years.", "Bev Francis __knowledge__ As a teenager, Francis became an accomplished shot putter.", "Bev Francis __knowledge__ In February 1974, she began serious training.", "Bev Francis __knowledge__ In 1977, she broke the Australian shot put record.", "Harry Haureliuk __knowledge__ Harry \"Hang-Ten\" George Haureliuk (24 May 1947 to 20 August 2017) was an Australian professional Bodybuilding champion competing under the International Natural Bodybuilding Association (INBA).", "Harry Haureliuk __knowledge__ In 2008, Harry was the first Australian recipient to be inducted into the International Bodybuilding Hall of Fame, no other INBA athlete has competed at such a high level.", "Harry Haureliuk __knowledge__ Harry travelled nationally and internationally competing on the Natural Body Building Circuit and holds many titles including the Mr Universe and Mr Olympia titles.", "Harry Haureliuk __knowledge__ Harry won six Mr Olympias, four Mr Universes and two Mr World titles in the space of 15 years from 1999 to 2013, an unrivaled career in bodybuilding and a true statement that age is just a number." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Weight training __knowledge__ Weight training is a common type of strength training for developing the strength and size of skeletal muscles.", "Weight training __knowledge__ It utilizes the force of gravity in the form of weighted bars, dumbbells or weight stacks in order to oppose the force generated by muscle through concentric or eccentric contraction.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Weight training uses a variety of specialized to target specific muscle groups and types of movement.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Sports where strength training is central are bodybuilding, weightlifting, powerlifting, and strongman, highland games, shot put, discus throw, and javelin throw.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Many other sports use strength training as part of their training regimen, notably: American football, baseball, basketball, football, hockey, lacrosse, mixed martial arts, rowing, rugby league, rugby union, track and field, and wrestling.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Strength training for other sports and physical activities is popular.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Strength training is an inclusive term that describes all exercises devoted toward increasing physical strength.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Weight training is a type of strength training that uses weights, Eccentric Training or muscular resistance to increase strength.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Endurance training is associated with aerobic exercise while flexibility training is associated with stretching exercise like yoga or pilates.", "Chicks on Speed __knowledge__ Chicks on Speed is a feminist music and fine art ensemble, formed in Munich in 1997, when members Australian Alex Murray-Leslie and New Yorker Melissa Logan met at the Munich Academy of Fine Arts.", "Chicks on Speed __knowledge__ Though Chicks on Speed reached cult status throughout the 2000s as catalysts of the musical genre electroclash, Chicks on Speed were actually founded as a multidisciplinary art group working in performance art, electronic dance music, collage graphics, textile design and fashion.", "Chicks on Speed __knowledge__ Melissa Logan and Alex Murray-Leslie were art students at the Academy of Fine Arts, Munich, when they met in 1997 at one of the Academy's parties.", "Dixie Chicks __knowledge__ The Dixie Chicks are an American country music band which has also crossed over into other genres, including pop and alternative country.", "Dixie Chicks __knowledge__ The band is composed of founding members (and sisters) Martie Erwin Maguire and Emily Erwin Robison, and lead singer Natalie Maines.", "Dixie Chicks __knowledge__ The band formed in 1989 in Dallas, Texas, and was originally composed of four women performing bluegrass and country music, busking and touring the bluegrass festival circuits and small venues for six years without attracting a major label.", "Dixie Chicks __knowledge__ After the departure of one bandmate, the replacement of their lead singer, and a slight change in their repertoire, the Dixie Chicks soon achieved commercial success, beginning in 1998 with hit songs \"There's Your Trouble\" and \"Wide Open Spaces\".", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Bird __knowledge__ Birds (Aves) are a group of endothermic vertebrates, characterised by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a strong yet lightweight skeleton.", "Bird __knowledge__ Birds live worldwide and range in size from the bee hummingbird to the ostrich.", "Bird __knowledge__ Birds are descendants of extinct feathered dinosaurs, making them not only the sole surviving dinosaurs according to cladistics, but ranking as the world’s most numerically-successful class of tetrapods, with approximately ten thousand living species, more than half of these being passerines, sometimes known as perching birds.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "2009 Landshut shooting __knowledge__ The 2009 Landshut shooting was a revolver shooting at a courthouse in Landshut, Bavaria, Germany that left the 60-year-old German shooter and one of his sisters-in-law dead.", "2009 Landshut shooting __knowledge__ Another sister-in-law and a lawyer were severely injured.", "2009 Landshut shooting __knowledge__ It took place on Tuesday April 7, 2009.", "2009 Landshut shooting __knowledge__ Leonard Mayer, spokesman for the police, said that he was unaware of any warning.", "Chothe Naga __knowledge__ The Chothe tribe is one of the Old Kuki group of clans found in some parts of Manipur, India.", "Chothe Naga __knowledge__ Some historians and anthropologists had recorded them as \"Purums\" which is a misnomer.", "Chothe Naga __knowledge__ At times the Chothe have been confused with the Purum of India.", "Chothe Naga __knowledge__ Chothe villages form an executive body to administer themselves.", "Chothe Naga __knowledge__ Often an opposition group will also be formed to help scrutinize the functioning of the governing body of the village.", "Chothe Naga __knowledge__ Whenever a new Chothe village is established, its leaders are elected through competitions participated in by the representatives of each clan of the tribe.", "Chothe Naga __knowledge__ Then the posts are distributed according to the merits of the competitors.", "Fitness and figure competition __knowledge__ Fitness and figure competition is a class of physique-exhibition events for women.", "Fitness and figure competition __knowledge__ While bearing a close resemblance to female bodybuilding, its emphasis is on muscle \"definition\", not size.", "Fitness and figure competition __knowledge__ The class was originally introduced when female bodybuilding's popularity began to noticeably decline, in terms of both fanbase and number of participants.", "Fitness and figure competition __knowledge__ Fitness and Figure are two \"distinct\" forms of competition, not just one.", "Fitness and figure competition __knowledge__ In a Fitness contest (the older of the two disciplines), female competitors showcase their physiques (which are noticeably less massive than bodybuilders') while performing a demanding, time-limited, aerobic/dance routine.", "Christchurch Transport Board __knowledge__ The Christchurch Transport Board was an autonomous special-purpose municipal authority responsible for the construction, acquisition, and ownership of local transport assets and the operation of public transport services in the Christchurch region of New Zealand’s South Island.", "Christchurch Transport Board __knowledge__ Constituted as the Christchurch Tramway Board in 1902, it operated trams and buses to Christchurch's outer suburbs and satellite towns for years until being disestablished in 1989 by local government reforms.", "Christchurch Transport Board __knowledge__ The Board assumed control of the existing network of privately run tramways and converted these to electric operation whilst also extending the network.", "Disco __knowledge__ Disco is a musical style originating in the early 1970s.", "Disco __knowledge__ It began to emerge from America's urban nightlife scene, where it had been curtailed to house parties and makeshift discotheques from the middle of the decade onwards, after which, it began making regular mainstream appearances, gaining popularity and increasing airplay on radio.", "Disco __knowledge__ Its popularity was achieved sometime during the mid-1970s to the early 1980s.", "Disco __knowledge__ Its initial audiences in the U.S. were club-goers, both male and female, from the African American, Italian American, Latino, and psychedelic communities in Philadelphia, Chicago, San Francisco, and New York City during the late 1960s and early 1970s.", "Display Data Channel __knowledge__ The Display Data Channel, or DDC, is a collection of protocols for digital communication between a computer display and a graphics adapter that enable the display to communicate its supported display modes to the adapter and that enable the computer host to adjust monitor parameters, such as brightness and contrast.", "Display Data Channel __knowledge__ The standard was created by the Video Electronics Standards Association (VESA).", "Display Data Channel __knowledge__ The DDC suite of standards aims to provide a \"plug and play\" experience for computer displays.", "Display Data Channel __knowledge__ DDC1 and DDC2B/Ab/B+/Bi protocols are a physical link between a monitor and a video card, which was originally carried on either two or three pins in a 15-pin analog VGA connector.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Weight training __knowledge__ Weight training is a common type of strength training for developing the strength and size of skeletal muscles.", "Weight training __knowledge__ It utilizes the force of gravity in the form of weighted bars, dumbbells or weight stacks in order to oppose the force generated by muscle through concentric or eccentric contraction.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Weight training uses a variety of specialized to target specific muscle groups and types of movement.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Sports where strength training is central are bodybuilding, weightlifting, powerlifting, and strongman, highland games, shot put, discus throw, and javelin throw.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Many other sports use strength training as part of their training regimen, notably: American football, baseball, basketball, football, hockey, lacrosse, mixed martial arts, rowing, rugby league, rugby union, track and field, and wrestling.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Strength training for other sports and physical activities is popular.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Strength training is an inclusive term that describes all exercises devoted toward increasing physical strength.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Weight training is a type of strength training that uses weights, Eccentric Training or muscular resistance to increase strength.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Endurance training is associated with aerobic exercise while flexibility training is associated with stretching exercise like yoga or pilates.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Glory Days is the sixteenth season of \"The Biggest Loser\" which premiered on September 11, 2014 on NBC.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ Bob Harper and Dolvett Quince returned as trainers, while Jillian Michaels decided to leave the show.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ There are two new trainers this season: Jessie Pavelka and Jennifer Widerstrom.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season, the contestants are all former athletes including former National Football League players and Olympic Gold medalists.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize which was awarded to Toma Dobrosavljevic, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season was also the last for host Alison Sweeney to focus on other projects.", "FIT Radio __knowledge__ FIT Radio is an American Internet radio provider based in Atlanta and a mobile app that plays continuous music mixes of various genres engineered by DJs.", "FIT Radio __knowledge__ The streaming media content is delivered to users' computers and smartphones.", "FIT Radio __knowledge__ The app is geared towards people who want to listen to high-energy music while they work out.", "FIT Radio __knowledge__ Musical genres include Top 40, hip hop, indie rock, dubstep, and house.", "FIT Radio __knowledge__ Through the interface, users can see what artists and songs make up each mix, and they can also bypass songs and mixes entirely.", "FIT Radio __knowledge__ The app was officially launched on June 4, 2011, and is comparable to other Internet providers Pandora and Spotify, though FIT Radio is geared towards a target demographic of people who work out and fitness enthusiasts.", "Street workout __knowledge__ Street workout is a physical activity performed mostly in outdoor parks or public facilities.", "Street workout __knowledge__ It originated in Ancient Greece, but became a popular movement in Russia, Eastern Europe, and the United States, especially in New York City, Baltimore's urban neighborhoods and Myanmar.", "Street workout __knowledge__ It has now spread all over the world.", "Street workout __knowledge__ It is a combination of athletics, calisthenics, and sports.", "Street workout __knowledge__ Street workout is a modern name for bodyweight workouts in outdoor parks.", "Street workout __knowledge__ Street workout teams and organized competitions exist.", "Street workout __knowledge__ A typical street workout routine often consists of physical exercises such as pull-ups, chin-ups, push-ups, dips, muscle-ups, sit-ups and squats.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Couples 4 is the eleventh season of the NBC reality television series entitled \"The Biggest Loser\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize, which was awarded to Olivia Ward, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ It premiered on January 4, 2011.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ Along with existing trainers Bob Harper and Jillian Michaels, two new trainers (Cara Castronuova and Brett Hoebel) will be featured who were revealed in Week 3.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ One of the featured contestants is Rulon Gardner, a former gold medalist at the 2000 Summer Olympics.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ It was the longest season in Biggest Loser history at 20 weeks long.", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Second Chances is the eighth season of the NBC reality television series \"The Biggest Loser\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize, which was awarded to Danny Cahill, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight lost.", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ This season premiered on NBC on Tuesday, September 15, 2009.", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ The season's theme meant that each of the candidates had met with heartbreak and tragedy during their lifetime.", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ Among notable stories, Shay Sorrells grew up in foster care while her mother unsuccessfully struggled with heroin addiction, while Abby Rike lost her husband and children in a head-on collision caused by a speeding driver.", "Nike+ __knowledge__ The Nike+iPod Sports Kit is an activity tracker device, developed by Nike, Inc., which measures and records the distance and pace of a walk or run.", "Nike+ __knowledge__ The Nike+iPod consists of a small transmitter device attached to or embedded in a shoe, which communicates with either the Nike+ Sportband, a receiver plugged into an iPod Nano, or directly with a 2nd Generation iPod Touch (or higher), iPhone 3GS, iPhone 4, iPhone 4S, iPhone 5, iPhone 5C, iPhone 5S, or a Nike+ Sportwatch.", "Nike+ __knowledge__ If using the iPod or the iPhone, iTunes software can be used to view the walk or run history.", "Nike+ __knowledge__ The Nike+iPod was announced on May 23, 2006 and is a pioneer in connected sport.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Strength training __knowledge__ Strength training is a type of physical exercise specializing in the use of resistance to induce muscular contraction which builds the strength, anaerobic endurance, and size of skeletal muscles.", "Strength training __knowledge__ When properly performed, strength training can provide significant functional benefits and improvement in overall health and well-being, including increased bone, muscle, tendon, and ligament strength and toughness, improved joint function, reduced potential for injury, increased bone density, increased metabolism, increased fitness and improved cardiac function.", "Strength training __knowledge__ Training commonly uses the technique of progressively increasing the force output of the muscle through incremental weight increases and uses a variety of exercises and types of to target specific muscle groups.", "Wii Fit __knowledge__ The game uses a unique platform peripheral called the Wii Balance Board, on which the player stands during exercise.", "Wii Fit __knowledge__ The game features yoga, strength training, aerobics, and balance games.", "Wii Fit __knowledge__ Matsunaga described the game as a \"way to help get families exercising together\".", "Wii Fit __knowledge__ \"Wii Fit\" has been used for physiotherapy rehabilitation and has been adopted by various health clubs around the world.", "Wii Fit __knowledge__ Additionally, the game has been used in nursing homes to improve posture in the elderly.", "Wii Fit __knowledge__ The game has received generally positive reviews, despite criticism over the lack of intensity in some of its workout activities.", "List of Di-Gata Defenders characters __knowledge__ This is the list of both known major and minor characters for the animated television series \"Di-Gata Defenders\".", "List of Di-Gata Defenders characters __knowledge__ Some of them have magical abilities.", "List of Di-Gata Defenders characters __knowledge__ At the age of fourteen, Seth is the leader of the Di-Gata defenders.", "List of Di-Gata Defenders characters __knowledge__ He is skilled, confident, charismatic, creative, and decisive.", "List of Di-Gata Defenders characters __knowledge__ However, he is also impatient in battle and headstrong.", "List of Di-Gata Defenders characters __knowledge__ He also likes to eat, which he can do with his eyes closed, and tends to succumb to nausea more than the others due to his weak stomach.", "List of Di-Gata Defenders characters __knowledge__ He controls the Nova Stone, a powerful Champion Stone which once belonged to his father.", "List of Di-Gata Defenders characters __knowledge__ As the leader of the Defenders, he tries to be careful with those he trusts, for the past errors they have had (especially with Kali).", "Physical strength __knowledge__ Physical strength is the measure of an animal's exertion of force on physical objects.", "Physical strength __knowledge__ Increasing physical strength is the goal of strength training.", "Physical strength __knowledge__ An individual's physical strength is determined by two factors; the cross-sectional area of muscle fibers recruited to generate force and the intensity of the recruitment.", "Physical strength __knowledge__ Individuals with a high proportion of type I slow twitch muscle fibers will be relatively weaker than a similar individual with a high proportion of type II fast twitch fibers, but would have a greater inherent capacity for physical endurance.", "Physical strength __knowledge__ The genetic inheritance of muscle fiber type sets the outermost boundaries of physical strength possible (barring the use of enhancing agents such as testosterone), though the unique position within this envelope is determined by training.", "Muscle memory __knowledge__ Muscle memory has been used synonymously with motor learning, which is a form of procedural memory that involves consolidating a specific motor task into memory through repetition.", "Muscle memory __knowledge__ When a movement is repeated over time, a long-term muscle memory is created for that task, eventually allowing it to be performed without conscious effort.", "Muscle memory __knowledge__ This process decreases the need for attention and creates maximum efficiency within the motor and memory systems.", "Muscle memory __knowledge__ Examples of muscle memory are found in many everyday activities that become automatic and improve with practice, such as riding a bicycle, typing on a keyboard, typing in a PIN, playing a musical instrument, poker martial arts or even dancing.", "Doping in sport __knowledge__ In competitive sports, doping is the use of banned athletic performance-enhancing drugs by athletic competitors.", "Doping in sport __knowledge__ The term \"doping\" is widely used by organizations that regulate sporting competitions.", "Doping in sport __knowledge__ The use of drugs to enhance performance is considered unethical, and therefore prohibited, by most international sports organizations, including the International Olympic Committee.", "Doping in sport __knowledge__ Furthermore, athletes (or athletic programs) taking explicit measures to evade detection exacerbates the ethical violation with overt deception and cheating.", "Doping in sport __knowledge__ Historically speaking, the origins of doping in sports go back to the very creation of sport itself." ] ]

[ 2, 4, 57, 7, 9 ]

[ "Oh yes I do! I love weighted using bars, dumbbells and weight stacks! ", "Have you ever thought of training for bodybuilding, weightlifting, or powerlifting?", "Well lot of woman actually take part in body building competitions, which started to take place in the late 1970s! ", "Well woman or man, strength training is a great way to increase physical strength!", "I also love aerobic exercise!" ]

[ "Weight training", "Weight training", "Weight training", "Weight training", "Weight training" ]

[ "Ford Motor Company", "I agree, I see alot of there beautiful designs these days especially the SUVs", "Do you know when the company started making beautiful vehicles?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ The Ford Motor Company (commonly referred to simply as \"Ford\") is an American multinational automaker headquartered in Dearborn, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ It was founded by Henry Ford and incorporated on June 16, 1903.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ The company sells automobiles and commercial vehicles under the Ford brand and most luxury cars under the Lincoln brand.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford also owns Brazilian SUV manufacturer, Troller, and Australian performance car manufacturer FPV.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ In the past, it has also produced tractors and automotive components.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford owns an 8% stake in Aston Martin of the United Kingdom, and a 49% stake in Jiangling of China.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ It also has a number of joint-ventures, one in China (Changan Ford), one in Taiwan (Ford Lio Ho), one in Thailand (AutoAlliance Thailand), one in Turkey (Ford Otosan), and one in Russia (Ford Sollers).", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ It is listed on the New York Stock Exchange and is controlled by the Ford family, although they have minority ownership (but majority of the voting power).", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford introduced methods for large-scale manufacturing of cars and large-scale management of an industrial workforce using elaborately engineered manufacturing sequences typified by moving assembly lines; by 1914, these methods were known around the world as Fordism." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ The Ford Motor Company (commonly referred to simply as \"Ford\") is an American multinational automaker headquartered in Dearborn, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ It was founded by Henry Ford and incorporated on June 16, 1903.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ The company sells automobiles and commercial vehicles under the Ford brand and most luxury cars under the Lincoln brand.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford also owns Brazilian SUV manufacturer, Troller, and Australian performance car manufacturer FPV.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ In the past, it has also produced tractors and automotive components.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford owns an 8% stake in Aston Martin of the United Kingdom, and a 49% stake in Jiangling of China.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ It also has a number of joint-ventures, one in China (Changan Ford), one in Taiwan (Ford Lio Ho), one in Thailand (AutoAlliance Thailand), one in Turkey (Ford Otosan), and one in Russia (Ford Sollers).", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ It is listed on the New York Stock Exchange and is controlled by the Ford family, although they have minority ownership (but majority of the voting power).", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford introduced methods for large-scale manufacturing of cars and large-scale management of an industrial workforce using elaborately engineered manufacturing sequences typified by moving assembly lines; by 1914, these methods were known around the world as Fordism.", "Sport utility vehicle __knowledge__ Sport-utility (vehicle), SUV or sport-ute is an automotive classification, typically a kind of station wagon / estate car with off-road vehicle features like raised ground clearance and ruggedness, and available four-wheel drive.", "Sport utility vehicle __knowledge__ Many SUVs are built on a light-truck chassis but operated as a family vehicle, and though designed to be used on rougher surfaces, most often used on city streets or highways.", "Sport utility vehicle __knowledge__ In recent years, in some countries the term SUV has replaced terms like \"Jeep\" or \"Land-Rover\" in the popular lexicon as a generic description for light 4WD vehicles.", "Sport utility vehicle __knowledge__ Many SUVs have an upright built body and tall interior packaging, a high seating position and center of gravity, and available all-wheel drive for off-road capability.", "Criticism of sport utility vehicles __knowledge__ Sports utility vehicles (SUVs) are criticized for a variety of environmental and safety-related reasons as they became more popular.", "Criticism of sport utility vehicles __knowledge__ Many of the safety concerns have been addressed by the adoption of electronic stability control (ESC), rollover mitigation, and other design actions.", "Criticism of sport utility vehicles __knowledge__ Generally, drivers of SUVs are safer than those in small and mid-size cars.", "Criticism of sport utility vehicles __knowledge__ In an IIHS survey of death rates by vehicle style, smaller cars fare worse than bigger ones.", "Criticism of sport utility vehicles __knowledge__ 4-door minicars have a death rate of 82, compared with 46 for very large 4-doors.\"", "Criticism of sport utility vehicles __knowledge__ This survey reflects the effect of both vehicle design and driving behaviour.", "Chevrolet Suburban __knowledge__ The Chevrolet Suburban is a full-size, extended-length sport utility vehicle from Chevrolet.", "Chevrolet Suburban __knowledge__ It is the longest continuous use automobile nameplate in production, starting in 1935 for the 1935 U.S. model year, and has traditionally been one of General Motors' most profitable vehicles.", "Chevrolet Suburban __knowledge__ The 1935 first generation Carryall Suburban was one of the first production all-metal bodied station wagons.", "Chevrolet Suburban __knowledge__ The Suburban has been produced under the Chevrolet, Holden, Plymouth and GMC marques until the GMC version was rebranded as the GMC Yukon XL.", "Chevrolet Suburban __knowledge__ For most of its recent history, the Suburban has been a station wagon-bodied version of the Chevrolet pickup truck, including the Chevrolet C/K and Silverado series of truck-based vehicles.", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ Ma'alot-Tarshiha (; , \"Maʻālūt Taršīḥā\") is a mixed city in the North District in Israel, some east of Nahariya, about above sea level.", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ The city was established in 1963 through a municipal merger of the Arab town of Tarshiha and the Jewish town of Ma'alot.", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ In the city has a population of .", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ Excavations of a 4th-century burial cave in the village unearthed a cross and a piece of glass engraved with a menorah.", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ Crusader sources from the 12th and 13th century refer to Tarshiha as \"Terschia,\" \"Torsia\" and \"Tersigha.\"", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ The King had initiated the settlement of Crusader (\"Latin\", \"Frankish\") people in nearby Mi'ilya (\"Castellum Regis\"), and from there settlement spread out to Tarshiha.", "Alot __knowledge__ Alot () is a town and nagar panchayat in the Ratlam district of Madhya Pradesh, India.", "Alot __knowledge__ Alot is located at .", "Alot __knowledge__ Alot has a population of 40,948.", "Alot __knowledge__ Alot is a tehsil place and a small town; it is a tahsil of Ratlam district and the hometown to Jangalwa Dynasty.", "Alot __knowledge__ It is on the route of the Delhi–Bombay railway track.", "Alot __knowledge__ Through trade routes Jewellers and Businessman established themselves in the town before the 17th century and flourished businesses in ginning and jewellery.", "Alot __knowledge__ A glimpse of the business lifestyle during that era can still be found in the historical town.", "Alot __knowledge__ Alot is a main station for Jain ; many Jain people go there daily for the darshan of Lord Jain Swetamber.", "Ma'alot Dafna __knowledge__ Ma'alot Dafna () is an Israeli settlement and neighborhood in Jerusalem that sits partly in East Jerusalem and in a territory that was no man's land before the Six Day war.", "Ma'alot Dafna __knowledge__ It borders the neighborhood of Shmuel HaNavi to the west, Ammunition Hill to the east, Ramat Eshkol to the north and Arzei HaBira to the south.", "Ma'alot Dafna __knowledge__ The international community considers Israeli settlements in East Jerusalem illegal under international law, but the Israeli government disputes this.", "Ma'alot Dafna __knowledge__ Ma'alot Dafna was established in 1972 on the hillside through which Israeli troops in the Six Day War made their way from the Israeli neighborhood of Shmuel HaNavi to fight the Arab Legion troops at the Battle of Ammunition Hill.", "Ma'alot massacre __knowledge__ The Ma'alot massacre was a Palestinian terrorist attack that occurred in May 1974 and involved a two-day hostage-taking of 115 Israeli people which ended in the murders of over 25 hostages.", "Ma'alot massacre __knowledge__ It began when three armed members of the Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine (DFLP) entered Israel from Lebanon.", "Ma'alot massacre __knowledge__ Soon afterwards they attacked a van, killing two Israeli Arab women while injuring a third and entered an apartment building in the town of Ma'alot, where they killed a couple and their four-year-old son.", "Ma'alot massacre __knowledge__ From there, they headed for the Netiv Meir Elementary School, where they took more than 115 people (including 105 children) hostage on 15 May 1974, in Ma'alot.", "Lincoln Continental __knowledge__ The Lincoln Continental is a series of luxury cars produced by Lincoln, a division of the American automaker Ford Motor Company.", "Lincoln Continental __knowledge__ First introduced in 1939 as a coachbuilt convertible for Edsel Ford, the Continental nameplate has been in use by Lincoln across ten generations of vehicles for various times over nearly 80 years.", "Lincoln Continental __knowledge__ The Continental nameplate is derived from the original 1939 convertible, intended to adapt European \"continental\" exterior styling elements to the body and chassis of the Lincoln-Zephyr.", "Lincoln Continental __knowledge__ Following its launch, the Lincoln Continental would become the progenitor of an entirely new automotive segment, the personal luxury car.", "History of Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford Motor Company is an American automaker and the world's fifth largest automaker based on worldwide vehicle sales.", "History of Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Based in Dearborn, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit, the automaker was founded by Henry Ford, on June 16, 1903.", "History of Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford Motor Company would go on to become one of the largest and most profitable companies in the world, as well as being one of the few to survive the Great Depression.", "History of Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ The largest family-controlled company in the world, the Ford Motor Company has been in continuous family control for over 110 years.", "History of Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford now encompasses two brands: Ford and Lincoln.", "History of Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford once owned 5 other luxury brands: Volvo, Land Rover, Jaguar, Aston Martin and Mercury.", "Henry Ford __knowledge__ Henry Ford (July 30, 1863 – April 7, 1947) was an American captain of industry and a business magnate, the founder of the Ford Motor Company, and the sponsor of the development of the assembly line technique of mass production.", "Henry Ford __knowledge__ Although Ford did not invent the automobile or the assembly line, he developed and manufactured the first automobile that many middle-class Americans could afford.", "Henry Ford __knowledge__ In doing so, Ford converted the automobile from an expensive curiosity into a practical conveyance that would profoundly impact the landscape of the 20th century.", "Henry Ford __knowledge__ His introduction of the Model T automobile revolutionized transportation and American industry.", "Mercury (automobile) __knowledge__ Mercury is a defunct division of the American automobile manufacturer Ford Motor Company.", "Mercury (automobile) __knowledge__ Marketed as an entry-level premium brand for nearly its entire existence, Mercury was created in 1938 by Edsel Ford.", "Mercury (automobile) __knowledge__ Forming half of the Lincoln-Mercury Division, the brand was intended to bridge the price gap between the Ford and Lincoln vehicle lines.", "Mercury (automobile) __knowledge__ In a similar context, Buick and Oldsmobile played the same role within General Motors while the Chrysler Division did so within Chrysler Corporation (following the end of DeSoto and the creation of Imperial).", "Mercury (automobile) __knowledge__ Although the initial Mercury Eight was a distinct design, for much of the existence of the division, Ford would rely on common underpinnings (from Ford or Lincoln, or both) to save on development costs.", "Ford Piquette Avenue Plant __knowledge__ The Ford Piquette Avenue Plant is a museum and former factory located within the Milwaukee Junction area of Detroit, Michigan, in the United States.", "Ford Piquette Avenue Plant __knowledge__ Built in 1904, it was the second center of automobile production for the Ford Motor Company.", "Ford Piquette Avenue Plant __knowledge__ The company assembled several car models at this factory, including the Ford Model T, which was created there and first produced there starting in 1908.", "Ford Piquette Avenue Plant __knowledge__ Early experiments using a moving assembly line to make cars were also conducted there.", "Ford Piquette Avenue Plant __knowledge__ It was also the first factory where more than 100 cars were assembled in one day.", "Ford Piquette Avenue Plant __knowledge__ While it was based at the Piquette Avenue Plant, Ford Motor Company became the biggest US-based automaker, and it would remain so until the mid-1920s.", "Ford of Britain __knowledge__ Ford of Britain (officially Ford Motor Company Limited) is a British wholly owned subsidiary of Blue Oval Holdings, itself a subsidiary of Ford International Capital LLC, which is a subsidiary of Ford Motor Company.", "Ford of Britain __knowledge__ Its business started in 1909 and has its registered office in Brentwood, Essex.", "Ford of Britain __knowledge__ It adopted the name of Ford of Britain in 1960.", "Ford of Britain __knowledge__ Ford of Britain operates three major manufacturing sites in the UK, in Bridgend (petrol engine production), Dagenham (diesel engine production) and Halewood (transmissions).", "Ford of Britain __knowledge__ It also operates a large research and development facility in Dunton, Essex, which employs over 3,000 engineers." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ The Ford Motor Company (commonly referred to simply as \"Ford\") is an American multinational automaker headquartered in Dearborn, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ It was founded by Henry Ford and incorporated on June 16, 1903.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ The company sells automobiles and commercial vehicles under the Ford brand and most luxury cars under the Lincoln brand.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford also owns Brazilian SUV manufacturer, Troller, and Australian performance car manufacturer FPV.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ In the past, it has also produced tractors and automotive components.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford owns an 8% stake in Aston Martin of the United Kingdom, and a 49% stake in Jiangling of China.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ It also has a number of joint-ventures, one in China (Changan Ford), one in Taiwan (Ford Lio Ho), one in Thailand (AutoAlliance Thailand), one in Turkey (Ford Otosan), and one in Russia (Ford Sollers).", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ It is listed on the New York Stock Exchange and is controlled by the Ford family, although they have minority ownership (but majority of the voting power).", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford introduced methods for large-scale manufacturing of cars and large-scale management of an industrial workforce using elaborately engineered manufacturing sequences typified by moving assembly lines; by 1914, these methods were known around the world as Fordism.", "Torsten Stenzel __knowledge__ Torsten Stenzel is a successful German musician, songwriter, composer and producer for more than 27 years.", "Torsten Stenzel __knowledge__ Classically trained from an early age his roots are within the field of Electronic Dance Music.", "Torsten Stenzel __knowledge__ His interest for music first started at age 5 when he received piano lessons by academic piano teacher Andre Terebesi.", "Torsten Stenzel __knowledge__ Today Terebesi is a professor at the Peter Cornelius Conservatory in Mainz, Germany.", "Torsten Stenzel __knowledge__ Age 13 Stenzel changed to church organ and received his church organist diploma age 15.", "Torsten Stenzel __knowledge__ Graduating from the Protestant church in Frankfurt.", "Torsten Stenzel __knowledge__ In 1990 he released his first single \"Recall IV - Contrast\" through Zyx Records.", "Vanajan Autotehdas __knowledge__ Vanajan Autotehdas Oy (VAT) was a producer of heavy vehicles based in Hämeenlinna, Finland.", "Vanajan Autotehdas __knowledge__ The company was founded as \"Yhteissisu Oy\" in 1943 by the Finnish government and a number of major Finnish companies with the aim of producing lorries and buses for the Finnish Defence Forces.", "Vanajan Autotehdas __knowledge__ World War II was over before the company could start series production; it was renamed Vanajan Autotehdas and the marque became Vanaja.", "Vanajan Autotehdas __knowledge__ Subsequently, the production consisted of outdated lorry models, partly built from military surplus materials.", "Vanajan Autotehdas __knowledge__ After overcoming initial difficulties, the company modernised its products, became profitable and grew until the mid 1950s.", "Kaushiki __knowledge__ Kaushiki,also known as Mahasaraswati, is a Hindu Goddess.", "Kaushiki __knowledge__ She is an affiliation of Shakti and a form of Parvati Devi.", "Kaushiki __knowledge__ Her beauty had attracted many asuras who met her as messengers in her glittering beautiful palace.", "Kaushiki __knowledge__ She was a great woman warrior, raised on her fierce lion or tiger.", "Kaushiki __knowledge__ This form of her fierce fire was the essence of her beauty.", "Kaushiki __knowledge__ There are many temples for her worship.", "Kaushiki __knowledge__ She also has 8 hands and sword, chakra, lotus, etc.", "Kaushiki __knowledge__ in them.", "Kaushiki __knowledge__ The story of Kaushiki's birth is mentioned in the Matsya Purana and Markandeya Purana, with both the texts different.", "Kaushiki __knowledge__ As in the Matsya Purana, Goddess Parvati once performed austerities and meditation to become fair (\"Gouri\").", "Aktiv __knowledge__ Aktiv Was trademark of Swedish Aktiv Maskin Östersund ltd. Company started producing agriculture machines and tracked vehicles.", "Aktiv __knowledge__ Company sold agriculture division to Electrolux and focused to tracked vehicles in 1980.", "Aktiv __knowledge__ Company stopped working in 1991.", "Aktiv __knowledge__ Aktiv started making tracked vehicles 1957 when they started making Snow Trac, a small personal Snowcat that is roughly the size of a modern compact car.", "Aktiv __knowledge__ Aktiv started making small snowmobiles in 1973 when they bought Snö-Tric brand.", "Aktiv __knowledge__ First dual-Trac snowmobile made by Aktiv was Snö-Tric Blå 75- and SC 20/2 75-.", "Lucas Industries __knowledge__ Lucas Industries plc was a Birmingham-based British manufacturer of motor industry and aerospace industry components.", "Lucas Industries __knowledge__ Once prominent, it was listed on the London Stock Exchange and was formerly a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index.", "Lucas Industries __knowledge__ In August 1996, Lucas merged with the American Varity Corporation to form LucasVarity plc.", "Lucas Industries __knowledge__ After LucasVarity was sold to TRW the Lucas brand name was licensed for its brand equity to Elta Lighting for aftermarket auto parts in the United Kingdom.", "Lucas Industries __knowledge__ The Lucas trademark is currently owned by ZF Friedrichshafen, which retained the Elta arrangement.", "Lucas Industries __knowledge__ In the 1850s, Joseph Lucas, a jobless father of six, sold paraffin oil from a barrow cart around the streets of Hockley.", "Jinhua Homestay Project __knowledge__ Jinhua Homestay Project is a cultural exchange and homestay program organized by the Jinhua Municipal People’s Government Foreign and Overseas Chinese Affairs Office.", "Jinhua Homestay Project __knowledge__ It is a Home+ project initiated to promote tourism in the villages of China by using idle village resources.", "Jinhua Homestay Project __knowledge__ The project invites overseas students to stay for a period of 3 weeks and experience the authentic Chinese culture in one of the villages of Jinhua.", "Jinhua Homestay Project __knowledge__ So far, the sessions were held in Siping, Suoyuan and Yuyuan.", "Jinhua Homestay Project __knowledge__ During their stay the participants experience and perform various activities which enable them to learn more about traditional Chinese culture, local customs and folklores.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ This article provides an overview of the automotive industry in countries around the world.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ The United States was the world's largest automobile producer by volume from the early years of the 20th century until the 1980s, when it was overtaken by Japan.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ In 2009, China became the world's largest vehicle producer.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ Algeria's automotive industry is among the largest on the African continent (together with South Africa, Egypt and Morocco) and can exceed 500,000 units a year.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ Renault is the largest manufacturer with an estimated 25.5 percent of the national car market.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ Other carmakers represented there include Volkswagen (second largest), Peugeot, Hyundai (fifth largest), Nissan, and Fiat.", "Chevrolet Suburban __knowledge__ The Chevrolet Suburban is a full-size, extended-length sport utility vehicle from Chevrolet.", "Chevrolet Suburban __knowledge__ It is the longest continuous use automobile nameplate in production, starting in 1935 for the 1935 U.S. model year, and has traditionally been one of General Motors' most profitable vehicles.", "Chevrolet Suburban __knowledge__ The 1935 first generation Carryall Suburban was one of the first production all-metal bodied station wagons.", "Chevrolet Suburban __knowledge__ The Suburban has been produced under the Chevrolet, Holden, Plymouth and GMC marques until the GMC version was rebranded as the GMC Yukon XL.", "Chevrolet Suburban __knowledge__ For most of its recent history, the Suburban has been a station wagon-bodied version of the Chevrolet pickup truck, including the Chevrolet C/K and Silverado series of truck-based vehicles.", "Sport utility vehicle __knowledge__ Sport-utility (vehicle), SUV or sport-ute is an automotive classification, typically a kind of station wagon / estate car with off-road vehicle features like raised ground clearance and ruggedness, and available four-wheel drive.", "Sport utility vehicle __knowledge__ Many SUVs are built on a light-truck chassis but operated as a family vehicle, and though designed to be used on rougher surfaces, most often used on city streets or highways.", "Sport utility vehicle __knowledge__ In recent years, in some countries the term SUV has replaced terms like \"Jeep\" or \"Land-Rover\" in the popular lexicon as a generic description for light 4WD vehicles.", "Sport utility vehicle __knowledge__ Many SUVs have an upright built body and tall interior packaging, a high seating position and center of gravity, and available all-wheel drive for off-road capability.", "Mahindra Scorpio __knowledge__ The Mahindra Scorpio is an SUV manufactured by Mahindra & Mahindra Ltd.", "Mahindra Scorpio __knowledge__ It was the first SUV from the company built for the global market.", "Mahindra Scorpio __knowledge__ The Scorpio was conceptualized and designed by the in-house integrated design and manufacturing team of M&M.", "Mahindra Scorpio __knowledge__ The car has been the recipient of three prestigious Indian awards: the \"Car of the Year\" award from \"Business Standard Motoring \"as well as the \"Best SUV of the Year\" and the \"Best Car of the Year\" awards, both from BBC World \"Wheels\".", "Mahindra Scorpio __knowledge__ Prior to the mid-1990s, Mahindra & Mahindra was an automobile assembly company.", "Mahindra Scorpio __knowledge__ The company manufactured Willys Jeeps and its minor modified versions, with modifications carried out in India.", "Pragoti __knowledge__ Pragoti Industries Limited is a Bangladeshi car assembling and car parts manufacturing company headquartered in Chittagong with a manufacturing plant in Agrabad.", "Pragoti __knowledge__ Founded in 1966, it is country's largest car assembling plant and it has assembled and marketed more than 50,000 vehicles such as cars, Jeeps, Buses, Trucks, Pickups, Ambulances, Tractors of multiple models by importing CKD (Complete Knocked Down ) kits from overseas.", "Pragoti __knowledge__ Present Pragoti Industries was established in 1966 as Ghandhara Industries by MR Habibulah, a pasthun and a retired army Major General from Pakistan Army.", "Pragoti __knowledge__ He established Pragati (then Ghandhara Industries) with joint venture with General Motors.", "Jeep Cherokee (XJ) __knowledge__ The Jeep Cherokee (XJ) is a compact sport utility vehicle that was manufactured and marketed by Jeep from 1983 to 2001.", "Jeep Cherokee (XJ) __knowledge__ Sharing the name of the original full-size SJ model, but without a traditional body-on-frame chassis, the XJ instead featured a light-weight unibody design, The models were originally marketed as Sportwagons and became the precursor to the modern sport utility vehicle (SUV) as that term was not yet in use.", "Jeep Cherokee (XJ) __knowledge__ The XJ spawned competitors as other automakers began to notice that this Jeep design began replacing regular cars.", "Jeep Cherokee (XJ) __knowledge__ It also began to supplant the role of the station wagon and \"transformed from truck to limousine in the eyes of countless suburban owners.\"", "Ford Expedition __knowledge__ The Ford Expedition is a full-size SUV that is made by Ford Motor Company.", "Ford Expedition __knowledge__ Introduced for the 1997 model year as the successor of the Ford Bronco, the Expedition is the first full-size Ford SUV sold with a four-door body.", "Ford Expedition __knowledge__ For its entire production life, the Ford Expedition has been derived from the corresponding generation of the Ford F-150 in production, sharing body and mechanical components.", "Ford Expedition __knowledge__ Currently in its third model generation, a fourth-generation Ford Expedition is slated to enter production for the 2018 model year.", "Ford Expedition __knowledge__ Similar to the configuration of the Chevrolet Tahoe and Suburban, the Ford Expedition is sold in regular and extended lengths (the Ford Expedition EL/Max); sold since 2007, the latter functionally serves as the replacement for the Ford Excursion.", "Criticism of sport utility vehicles __knowledge__ Sports utility vehicles (SUVs) are criticized for a variety of environmental and safety-related reasons as they became more popular.", "Criticism of sport utility vehicles __knowledge__ Many of the safety concerns have been addressed by the adoption of electronic stability control (ESC), rollover mitigation, and other design actions.", "Criticism of sport utility vehicles __knowledge__ Generally, drivers of SUVs are safer than those in small and mid-size cars.", "Criticism of sport utility vehicles __knowledge__ In an IIHS survey of death rates by vehicle style, smaller cars fare worse than bigger ones.", "Criticism of sport utility vehicles __knowledge__ 4-door minicars have a death rate of 82, compared with 46 for very large 4-doors.\"", "Criticism of sport utility vehicles __knowledge__ This survey reflects the effect of both vehicle design and driving behaviour." ] ]

[ 1, 0, 2 ]

[ " The Ford Motor is my best", "Yes, it is the best SUV", "Yes, they started June 16 1903" ]

[ "Ford Motor Company", "Ford Motor Company", "Ford Motor Company" ]

[ "Cooking", "I think so. Can you think of anything that you'd call cooked without heat?", "I haven't ever had a personal chef, no. Though I did get to sit at a chef's table in a restaurant once. That was really fun!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking or cookery is the art, technology, science and craft of preparing food for consumption with or without the use of heat.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking techniques and ingredients vary widely across the world, from grilling food over an open fire to using electric stoves, to baking in various types of ovens, reflecting unique environmental, economic, and cultural traditions and trends.", "Cooking __knowledge__ The ways or types of cooking also depend on the skill and type of training an individual cook has.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking is done both by people in their own dwellings and by professional cooks and chefs in restaurants and other food establishments.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking can also occur through chemical reactions without the presence of heat, such as in ceviche, a traditional South American dish where fish is cooked with the acids in lemon or lime juice.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Preparing food with heat or fire is an activity unique to humans.", "Cooking __knowledge__ It may have started around 2 million years ago, though archaeological evidence for it reaches no more than 1 million years ago.", "Cooking __knowledge__ The expansion of agriculture, commerce, trade and transportation between civilizations in different regions offered cooks many new ingredients.", "Cooking __knowledge__ New inventions and technologies, such as the invention of pottery for holding and boiling water, expanded cooking techniques." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking or cookery is the art, technology, science and craft of preparing food for consumption with or without the use of heat.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking techniques and ingredients vary widely across the world, from grilling food over an open fire to using electric stoves, to baking in various types of ovens, reflecting unique environmental, economic, and cultural traditions and trends.", "Cooking __knowledge__ The ways or types of cooking also depend on the skill and type of training an individual cook has.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking is done both by people in their own dwellings and by professional cooks and chefs in restaurants and other food establishments.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking can also occur through chemical reactions without the presence of heat, such as in ceviche, a traditional South American dish where fish is cooked with the acids in lemon or lime juice.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Preparing food with heat or fire is an activity unique to humans.", "Cooking __knowledge__ It may have started around 2 million years ago, though archaeological evidence for it reaches no more than 1 million years ago.", "Cooking __knowledge__ The expansion of agriculture, commerce, trade and transportation between civilizations in different regions offered cooks many new ingredients.", "Cooking __knowledge__ New inventions and technologies, such as the invention of pottery for holding and boiling water, expanded cooking techniques.", "Sous-vide __knowledge__ Sous-vide (; French for \"under vacuum\") is a method of cooking in which food is vacuum-sealed in a plastic pouch or a glass jar and then placed in a water bath or steam environment for longer than normal cooking times (usually 1 to 7 hours, up to 48 or more in some cases) at an accurately regulated temperature.", "Sous-vide __knowledge__ The temperature is much lower than normally used for cooking, typically around for meat, higher for vegetables.", "Sous-vide __knowledge__ The intent is to cook the item evenly, ensuring that the inside is properly cooked without overcooking the outside, and to retain moisture.", "Sous-vide __knowledge__ Three characteristics of sous-vide cooking, each of which developed separately, are low-temperature cooking, containerized cooking that separates the food from its heating environment, and pressurized enclosure using full or partial vacuum.", "Fried egg __knowledge__ A fried egg is a cooked dish commonly made using a fresh hen's egg, fried whole with minimal accompaniment.", "Fried egg __knowledge__ Fried eggs are traditionally eaten for breakfast in English-speaking countries but may also be served at other times of the day.", "Fried egg __knowledge__ Fried eggs (') are a crucial part of such traditional German dishes as ' (the egg is fried on one side with an unbroken yolk, and served \"sunny side up\" atop an open ham sandwich) or ' / ' / \"Fernfahrerschnitzel\" (\"trucker's schnitzel\") – a similarly prepared fried egg served on a \"\".", "Fried egg __knowledge__ Fried eggs over (or side-by-side with) pan-fried potatoes is another common dish, sometimes served with spinach as a third component of the meal.", "2012–13 FC Barcelona season __knowledge__ The 2012–13 season was Futbol Club Barcelona's 113th in existence and the club's 82nd consecutive season in the top flight of Spanish football.", "2012–13 FC Barcelona season __knowledge__ The season marked the managerial debut of Tito Vilanova, who served as Pep Guardiola's longtime assistant.", "2012–13 FC Barcelona season __knowledge__ Vilanova assumed management of the club after Guardiola, who had managed Barcelona for the prior four seasons, declined to renew his contract.", "2012–13 FC Barcelona season __knowledge__ On 29 May, Barcelona announced their first pre-season match to be against Hamburger SV in occasion of the German outfit's 125th anniversary celebration.", "2012–13 FC Barcelona season __knowledge__ It will be Tito Vilanova's first match in charge of the first team.", "2011–12 FC Barcelona season __knowledge__ The 2011–12 season was Futbol Club Barcelona's 112th in existence and the club's 81st consecutive season in the top flight of Spanish football.", "2011–12 FC Barcelona season __knowledge__ Barcelona debuted their new and first paid shirt sponsor Qatar Foundation after an agreement was reached in 2010 with the non-profit organization for a five-and-a-half-year, €170 million deal.", "2011–12 FC Barcelona season __knowledge__ The agreement with UNICEF continued and their name had been moved to the lower back portion of the shirt.", "2011–12 FC Barcelona season __knowledge__ This season also introduced a new away kit in black while the third kit was retained from last season.", "2011–12 FC Barcelona season __knowledge__ Barcelona was unsuccessful in defending two major trophies.", "Johan Cruyff __knowledge__ Hendrik Johannes \"Johan\" Cruijff (, anglicised to Cruyff; 25 April 1947 – 24 March 2016) was a Dutch professional football player and coach.", "Johan Cruyff __knowledge__ As a player, he won the Ballon d'Or three times, in 1971, 1973, and 1974.", "Johan Cruyff __knowledge__ Cruyff was the most famous exponent of the football philosophy known as Total Football explored by Rinus Michels, and is widely regarded as one of the greatest players in football history.", "Johan Cruyff __knowledge__ In the 1970s, Dutch football rose from near obscurity to become a powerhouse in the sport.", "Johan Cruyff __knowledge__ Cruyff led the Netherlands to the final of the 1974 FIFA World Cup and received the Golden Ball as player of the tournament.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ Bengali cuisine is a culinary style originating in Bengal, a region in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent, which is now divided between Bangladesh and the West Bengal state of India.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ Other regions, such as Tripura, and the Barak Valley region of Assam (in India) also have large native Bengali populations and share this cuisine.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ With an emphasis on fish, vegetables and lentils are served with rice as a staple diet.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ Bengali cuisine is known for its subtle (yet sometimes fiery) flavours, and its spread of confectioneries and desserts.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ It also has the only traditionally developed multi-course tradition from the subcontinent that is analogous in structure to the modern \"service à la russe\" style of French cuisine, with food served course-wise rather than all at once.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Ek Tha Chandar Ek Thi Sudha (Hindi: एक था चन्दर एक थी सुधा English: One was Chander one was Sudha) is an Indian biopic television series, which premiered on 21 September 2015 and is broadcast on Life OK.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is produced by Garima Productions of Ashwni Dhir.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series airs on every Monday to Friday nights.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is a tragic love story and is a 20-episode series.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story of the series is based on Dharamvir Bharati’s iconic novel, \"Gunahon Ka Devta\".", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Rahil Azam and Umang Jain will play the male and female lead roles respectively.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story starts with an illustration that it is a story about love near Allahabad.", "Pressure cooking __knowledge__ Pressure cooking is the process of cooking food, using water or other cooking liquid, in a sealed vessel known as a \"pressure cooker\".", "Pressure cooking __knowledge__ Pressure is created by boiling a liquid, such as water or broth, inside the closed pressure cooker.", "Pressure cooking __knowledge__ The trapped steam increases the internal pressure and allows the temperature to rise.", "Pressure cooking __knowledge__ After use, the pressure is slowly released so that the vessel can be opened safely.", "Pressure cooking __knowledge__ Pressure cooking can be used for quick simulation of the effects of long braising.", "Pressure cooking __knowledge__ Almost any food which can be cooked in steam or water-based liquids can be cooked in a pressure cooker.", "Pressure cooking __knowledge__ In 1679, French physicist Denis Papin, better known for his studies on steam, invented the \"steam digester\" in an attempt to reduce the cooking time of food.", "Induction cooking __knowledge__ Induction cooking heats a cooking vessel by magnetic induction, instead of by thermal conduction from a flame, or an electrical heating element.", "Induction cooking __knowledge__ Because inductive heating directly heats the vessel, very rapid increases in temperature can be achieved.", "Induction cooking __knowledge__ In an induction cooktop (\"induction hob\" or \"induction stove\"), a coil of copper wire is placed under the cooking pot and an alternating electric current is passed through it.", "Induction cooking __knowledge__ The resulting oscillating magnetic field induces a magnetic flux which repeatedly magnetises the pot, treating it like the lossy magnetic core of a transformer.", "Induction cooking __knowledge__ This produces large eddy currents in the pot, which because of the resistance of the pot, heats it.", "Solar thermal collector __knowledge__ A solar thermal collector collects heat by absorbing sunlight.", "Solar thermal collector __knowledge__ A collector is a device for capturing solar radiation.", "Solar thermal collector __knowledge__ Solar radiation is energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation from the infrared (long) to the ultraviolet (short) wavelengths.", "Solar thermal collector __knowledge__ The quantity of solar energy striking the Earth's surface (solar constant) averages about 1,000 watts per square meter under clear skies, depending upon weather conditions, location and orientation.", "Solar thermal collector __knowledge__ The term \"solar collector\" commonly refers to solar hot water panels, but may refer to installations such as solar parabolic troughs and solar towers; or basic installations such as solar air heaters.", "Epoxy __knowledge__ Epoxy is either any of the basic components or the cured end products of epoxy resins, as well as a colloquial name for the epoxide functional group.", "Epoxy __knowledge__ Epoxy resins, also known as polyepoxides, are a class of reactive prepolymers and polymers which contain epoxide groups.", "Epoxy __knowledge__ Epoxy resins may be reacted (cross-linked) either with themselves through catalytic homopolymerisation, or with a wide range of co-reactants including polyfunctional amines, acids (and acid anhydrides), phenols, alcohols and thiols.", "Epoxy __knowledge__ These co-reactants are often referred to as hardeners or curatives, and the cross-linking reaction is commonly referred to as curing.", "Rice cooker __knowledge__ A rice cooker or rice steamer is an automated kitchen appliance designed to boil or steam rice.", "Rice cooker __knowledge__ It consists of a heat source, a cooking bowl, and a thermostat.", "Rice cooker __knowledge__ The thermostat measures the temperature of the cooking bowl and controls the heat.", "Rice cooker __knowledge__ Complex rice cookers may have many more sensors and other components, and may be multipurpose.", "Rice cooker __knowledge__ The term rice cooker formerly applied to non-automated dedicated rice-cooking utensils, which have an ancient history (a ceramic rice steamer dated to 1250 BC is on display in the British Museum).", "Rice cooker __knowledge__ It now applies mostly to automated cookers.", "Rice cooker __knowledge__ Electric rice cookers were developed in Japan, where they are known as pressure cookers .", "Compressed air energy storage __knowledge__ Compressed air energy storage (CAES) is a way to store energy generated at one time for use at another time using compressed air.", "Compressed air energy storage __knowledge__ At utility scale, energy generated during periods of low energy demand (off-peak) can be released to meet higher demand (peak load) periods.", "Compressed air energy storage __knowledge__ Small scale systems have long been used in such applications as propulsion of mine locomotives.", "Compressed air energy storage __knowledge__ Large scale applications must conserve the heat energy associated with compressing air; dissipating heat lowers the energy efficiency of the storage system.", "Compressed air energy storage __knowledge__ Compression of air creates heat; the air is warmer after compression.", "Compressed air energy storage __knowledge__ Expansion removes heat.", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ A barbecue grill is a device that cooks food by applying heat from below.", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ There are several varieties of grills, with most falling into one of two categories: gas-fueled or charcoal.", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ There is debate over which method yields superior results.", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ Grilling has existed in the Americas since pre-Colonial times.", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ The Arawak people of South America roasted meat on a wooden structure called a barbacoa in Spanish.", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ For centuries, the term \"barbacoa\" referred to the wooden structure and not the act of grilling, but it was eventually modified to \"barbecue.\"", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ It was also applied to the pit-style cooking techniques now frequently used in the Southeastern United States." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking or cookery is the art, technology, science and craft of preparing food for consumption with or without the use of heat.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking techniques and ingredients vary widely across the world, from grilling food over an open fire to using electric stoves, to baking in various types of ovens, reflecting unique environmental, economic, and cultural traditions and trends.", "Cooking __knowledge__ The ways or types of cooking also depend on the skill and type of training an individual cook has.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking is done both by people in their own dwellings and by professional cooks and chefs in restaurants and other food establishments.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking can also occur through chemical reactions without the presence of heat, such as in ceviche, a traditional South American dish where fish is cooked with the acids in lemon or lime juice.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Preparing food with heat or fire is an activity unique to humans.", "Cooking __knowledge__ It may have started around 2 million years ago, though archaeological evidence for it reaches no more than 1 million years ago.", "Cooking __knowledge__ The expansion of agriculture, commerce, trade and transportation between civilizations in different regions offered cooks many new ingredients.", "Cooking __knowledge__ New inventions and technologies, such as the invention of pottery for holding and boiling water, expanded cooking techniques.", "Personal chef __knowledge__ A personal chef is a chef who is hired by different clients and prepares meals in the clients' home kitchens, based on their needs and preferences.", "Personal chef __knowledge__ A personal chef will meet with a client and customize a meal plan by determining how often the service will be provided and the number of meals cooked each time.", "Personal chef __knowledge__ The client will typically choose various meals and sides from the chef's menu, then the chef will shop for all groceries, prepare the meal(s) on a designated \"cook date\" in the client's home, package the meals for the refrigerator or freezer, clean the kitchen and leave detailed reheating instructions.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ \"\" is a manga series written by Yūto Tsukuda and illustrated by Shun Saeki, serialized in \"Weekly Shōnen Jump\".", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ 27 tankōbon volumes have been released.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ An anime adaptation has aired 49 episodes over 3 seasons.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ The story follows protagonist and title character Sōma Yukihira as he transfers to the elite Tōtsuki Culinary Academy, an extremely competitive atmosphere, where only the top 1% of students graduate in.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ Under the motto \"Cooking is Everything\", students are judged on their cooking for admission to the academy and in many classes, tournaments and events.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ Competition may lead to a Shokugeki, a cooking match held in an indoor stadium, where students stake their pride and futures as chefs.", "Gordon Ramsay __knowledge__ Gordon James Ramsay Jr., OBE (born 8 November 1966) is a British celebrity chef, restaurateur, and television personality.", "Gordon Ramsay __knowledge__ Born in Scotland, Ramsay grew up in Stratford-upon-Avon.", "Gordon Ramsay __knowledge__ His restaurants have been awarded 16 Michelin stars in total.", "Gordon Ramsay __knowledge__ His signature restaurant, Restaurant Gordon Ramsay in Chelsea, London, has held three Michelin stars since 2001.", "Gordon Ramsay __knowledge__ First appearing on television in the UK in the late 1990s, by 2004 Ramsay had become one of the best known celebrity chefs in British popular culture, and, along with other chefs like Jamie Oliver, Nigella Lawson, and Delia Smith, he has influenced viewers to become more culinarily adventurous.", "White House Executive Chef __knowledge__ The White House Executive Chef is the individual responsible for managing the White House kitchens, and for planning and preparing of all menus and meals for the President of the United States and the First Family, which includes their private meals, their private entertaining, and official state functions at the White House in Washington, D.C., in the United States.", "White House Executive Chef __knowledge__ Beginning with George Washington, slaves prepared food for American presidents, First Families, and for social gatherings.", "White House Executive Chef __knowledge__ Although slavery ended in the United States after the American Civil War, African Americans continued to provide nearly all the cooking in the White House kitchen.", "Antony J. Ballard __knowledge__ Chef Antony J. Ballard is an English personal celebrity chef and businessman.", "Antony J. Ballard __knowledge__ Chef Antony J Ballard personal chef to \"A\" list celebs such as Bruce Willis, Chevy Chase, Michael Crichton, also numerous special events include Paul McCartney, Ringo Starr, Liza Minnelli, Keith Richards, and more.", "Antony J. Ballard __knowledge__ Ballard never attended a culinary school, saying \"For me, it was trial by fire.\"", "Antony J. Ballard __knowledge__ At age 19, Ballard initially worked at the resort Bournemouth Highcliff Marriott Hotel in England where he received a \"traditional, rigorous training.\"", "Antony J. Ballard __knowledge__ In 1980, he moved to the USA where he worked for 11 years as executive chef at the Grolier Club in New York City.", "List of Atomic Betty characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the animated television series \"Atomic Betty\".", "List of Atomic Betty characters __knowledge__ Betty Barrett (Tajja Isen) is the main protagonist of the series.", "List of Atomic Betty characters __knowledge__ On Earth, to most of her friends and family, she is a twelve-year-old typical middle school student who is highly athletic and loves almost every sport she tries.", "List of Atomic Betty characters __knowledge__ She also enjoys visiting her grandmother, daydreaming about living in the galaxy, singing in her band, goofing off, and hanging out with her friends.", "List of Atomic Betty characters __knowledge__ She is not afraid to speak her mind, either, and dislikes any form of bullying, snobbery, and injustice.", "List of Atomic Betty characters __knowledge__ However, when there is trouble in deep space, she captains her own star-cruiser as Atomic Betty, a famously powerful and beautiful female Galactic Guardian and defender of the cosmos.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Wilbur Mitcham __knowledge__ Wilbur Mitcham (December 10, 1923 - June 15, 2003) was an internationally renowned southern chef from Macon, Georgia.", "Wilbur Mitcham __knowledge__ Mitcham was married for over 60 years to Annie Mae Leonard.", "Wilbur Mitcham __knowledge__ He supported her and his 13 children until his untimely demise on Fathers Day in 2003.", "Wilbur Mitcham __knowledge__ Mitcham briefly served in the U.S. Army as a field artilleryman during World War II but was medically discharged due to health reasons.", "Wilbur Mitcham __knowledge__ Upon his discharge from the Army he went to New York City where he learned his culinary skills as an understudy to a famous Asian Chef cook.", "Wilbur Mitcham __knowledge__ Mitcham returned to Macon and landed a position as a short order cook with Len Berg's Restaurant in 1943.", "Smart-M3 __knowledge__ Smart-M3 is a name of an open-source software project that aims to provide a \"Semantic Web\" information sharing infrastructure between software entities and devices.", "Smart-M3 __knowledge__ It combines the ideas of distributed, networked systems and semantic web.", "Smart-M3 __knowledge__ The ultimate goal is to enable smart environments and linking of real and virtual worlds.", "Smart-M3 __knowledge__ The key idea in Smart-M3 is that devices and software entities can publish their embedded information for other devices and software entities through simple, shared information brokers - a \"push\"-based information sharing model rather than specific publish-subscribe.", "Smart-M3 __knowledge__ The understandability of information is based on common ontology models common data formats.", "The Art Institute of California – San Diego __knowledge__ The Art Institute of California – San Diego is a nonprofit institution owned and operated by Dream Center Education Holdings (DCEH), LLC, which offers programs in Advertising, Culinary Arts, Game Art & Design, Graphic Design, Fashion Design, Fashion Marketing & Management, Interior Design, Media Arts & Animation and Web Design & Interactive Media.", "The Art Institute of California – San Diego __knowledge__ The campus is located in the middle of San Diego's Mission Valley.", "The Art Institute of California – San Diego __knowledge__ The school, located at 7650 Mission Valley Road in San Diego, California, houses many PC and Mac labs to facilitate industry style art creation.", "The Art Institute of California – San Diego __knowledge__ Professional skills kitchens are also available for culinary students.", "Food Fighters (TV series) __knowledge__ Food Fighters was an American reality based cooking television series hosted by Adam Richman that pits a home chef against five professional chefs in a series of cooking competitions for a chance to win up to $100,000.", "Food Fighters (TV series) __knowledge__ The series premiered July 22, 2014 on NBC as a summer replacement series.", "Food Fighters (TV series) __knowledge__ On January 21, 2015, NBC renewed the show for a second season.", "Food Fighters (TV series) __knowledge__ The second season premiered July 2, 2015 and concluded September 3, 2015.", "Food Fighters (TV series) __knowledge__ In season one, new episodes aired every Tuesday at 8 p.m.", "Food Fighters (TV series) __knowledge__ ET, while in season two new episodes aired every Thursday at 8 p.m.", "Food Fighters (TV series) __knowledge__ ET.", "Food Fighters (TV series) __knowledge__ A third season was not announced by NBC, and as of July 2016, the show is no longer listed by the network as a current show.", "Iron Chef America __knowledge__ Iron Chef America is an American cooking show based on Fuji Television's \"Iron Chef\", and is the second American adaptation of the series, following the failed \"Iron Chef USA\".", "Iron Chef America __knowledge__ The show is produced by Food Network, which also carried a dubbed version of the original \"Iron Chef\".", "Iron Chef America __knowledge__ Like the original Japanese program, the program is a culinary game show.", "Iron Chef America __knowledge__ In each episode, a new challenger chef competes against one of the resident \"Iron Chefs\" in a one-hour cooking competition based on a secret ingredient or ingredients, and sometimes theme.", "Iron Chef America __knowledge__ The show is presented as a successor to the original \"Iron Chef\", as opposed to being a remake.", "Carmen Ramírez Degollado __knowledge__ Carmen Ramírez Degollado (born 1940, Xalapa) is an internationally recognized expert on traditional Mexican food, head of the El Bajío restaurants located in Mexico City.", "Carmen Ramírez Degollado __knowledge__ She grew up in the rural area of Xalapa, Veracruz with no intentions of becoming a restaurateur.", "Carmen Ramírez Degollado __knowledge__ However, when her husband died in 1981, she took over the restaurant he founded and expanded it adding dishes from her native Veracruz and other Mexican states along with the carnitas and barbacoa that he made.", "Carmen Ramírez Degollado __knowledge__ Carmen’s international recognition began when she accompanied her daughter who went abroad to study to become a professional chef." ] ]

[ 1, 4, 9 ]

[ "Does cooking always require heat?", "Have you ever had a professional chef cook for you?", "Have people ever used pottery for cooking?" ]

[ "Cooking", "Cooking", "Cooking" ]

[ "Pizza", "Me too. I really like New York style pizza.", "Do you have any particular toppings that you prefer other than cheese?", "I really like garlic, spinach and italian sausage on my pizza." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "New Haven-style pizza __knowledge__ New Haven-style pizza, locally known as apizza (, from Neapolitan \"’a pizza\" () \"the pizza\"), is a style of Neapolitan pizza common in and around New Haven, Connecticut.", "New Haven-style pizza __knowledge__ It originated at the Frank Pepe Pizzeria Napoletana and is now served in many other pizza restaurants in the area, most notably Sally's Apizza and Modern Apizza.", "New Haven-style pizza __knowledge__ This geographically limited pizza style has been favorably referenced by national critics.", "New Haven-style pizza __knowledge__ In a New Haven-style pizzeria, a \"plain\" pizza is crust, oregano, and tomato sauce with a little bit of grated pecorino romano cheese sprinkled on and does not include Mozzarella.", "New York-style pizza __knowledge__ New York-style pizza is pizza made with a characteristically large hand-tossed thin crust, often sold in wide slices to go.", "New York-style pizza __knowledge__ The crust is thick and crisp only along its edge, yet soft, thin and pliable enough beneath its toppings to be folded in half to eat.", "New York-style pizza __knowledge__ Traditional toppings are simply tomato sauce and shredded mozzarella cheese.", "New York-style pizza __knowledge__ This style evolved in the U.S. from the pizza that originated in New York City in the early 1900s, itself derived from the pizza made in Italy.", "New York-style pizza __knowledge__ Today it is the dominant style eaten in the New York Metropolitan Area states of New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut, and variously popular throughout the United States.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "California-style pizza __knowledge__ California-style pizza (also known as California pizza or Gourmet pizza) is a style of single-serving pizza that combines New York and Italian thin crust with toppings from the California cuisine cooking style.", "California-style pizza __knowledge__ Its invention is generally attributed to chef Ed LaDou, and Chez Panisse, in Berkeley, California.", "California-style pizza __knowledge__ Wolfgang Puck, after meeting LaDou, popularized the style of pizza in the rest of the country.", "California-style pizza __knowledge__ It is served in a number of California Cuisine restaurants.", "California-style pizza __knowledge__ Such restaurant chains as California Pizza Kitchen, Extreme Pizza, and Sammy's Woodfired Pizza are three major pizza franchises associated with California-style pizza.", "Detroit-style pizza __knowledge__ Detroit-style pizza is a style of pizza developed in Detroit, Michigan.", "Detroit-style pizza __knowledge__ It is a rectangular pizza that has a thick deep-dish crisp crust and toppings such as pepperoni and mushrooms.", "Detroit-style pizza __knowledge__ What makes Detroit-style pizza different from Chicago and New York styles is the crust, which is extra thick and very crispy on the bottom.", "Detroit-style pizza __knowledge__ The square shaped pizza is the result of being baked in a square pan, which is often not a pizza pan: industrial parts trays are often used, which were originally made to hold small parts in factories.", "Detroit-style pizza __knowledge__ The crust of a Detroit-style pizza is occasionally twice-baked, and it is usually baked in a well-oiled pan to a chewy medium-well-done state that gives the bottom and edges of the crust a fried or crunchy texture.", "Russo's New York Pizzeria __knowledge__ Russo’s New York Pizzeria is based in Houston, Texas and was established in 1992 by Anthony Russo.", "Russo's New York Pizzeria __knowledge__ The chain serves New York-style pizza as well as several different types of soups, salads, pastas, calzones and dessert.", "Russo's New York Pizzeria __knowledge__ They are famous for their \"party pizzas,\" which are in diameter.", "Russo's New York Pizzeria __knowledge__ Operating on the idea that \"if it’s not fresh, don’t serve it,\" the chain has over 30 locations in Arkansas, Florida, Hawaii, Oklahoma, Tennessee and Texas with several more in development.", "Russo's New York Pizzeria __knowledge__ All locations offer dine-in and takeout, and some also have options for delivery and catering.", "Russo's New York Pizzeria __knowledge__ International locations are open in Dubai, Abu Dhabi and Sharjah, UAE.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Uruguayan cuisine is a fusion of cuisines of several European countries, with a particular emphasis on Mediterranean food from Spain, Italy, Portugal and France.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Other possible influences on the cuisine may result from immigration from countries such as Germany and Britain.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The food is very similar to Argentine cuisine.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The base of the country's diet is meat and animal products, mostly coming from beef but also chicken, lamb, pig and sometimes fish.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Uruguayan gastronomy came from immigration, and did not come from the Amerindians, because the new colonies did not trust the natives.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The preferred cooking methods for meats and vegetables are still boiling and roasting, but with modernization also came frying (see milanesas and chivitos).", "Tomato sauce __knowledge__ Tomato sauce (also known as Neapolitan sauce, and referred to in Italy as Salsa di pomodoro) refers to any of a very large number of sauces made primarily from tomatoes, usually to be served as part of a dish (rather than as a condiment).", "Tomato sauce __knowledge__ Tomato sauces are common for meat and vegetables, but they are perhaps best known as sauces for pasta dishes.", "Tomato sauce __knowledge__ Tomatoes have a rich flavor, high liquid content, very soft flesh which breaks down easily, and the right composition to thicken into a sauce when they are cooked (without the need of thickeners such as roux).", "Tomato sauce __knowledge__ All of these qualities make them ideal for simple and appealing sauces.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ Breakfast is the first meal of a day, most often eaten in the early morning before undertaking the day's work.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The word in English refers to breaking the fasting period of the prior night.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ There is a strong tendency for one or more \"typical\", or \"traditional\", breakfast menus to exist in most places, but the composition of this varies widely from place to place, and has varied over time, so that globally a very wide range of preparations and ingredients are now associated with breakfast.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The Old English word for dinner, \"disner\", means to break a fast, and was the first meal eaten in the day until its meaning shifted in the mid-13th century.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Nachos __knowledge__ Nachos are a Mexican dish from northern Mexico.", "Nachos __knowledge__ The dish consists of tortilla chips (or \"totopos\") covered with cheese or cheese-based sauce, and is often served as a snack.", "Nachos __knowledge__ More elaborate versions add more ingredients and can be served as a main dish.", "Nachos __knowledge__ Ignacio \"Nacho\" Anaya is credited with creating the dish in about 1943.", "Nachos __knowledge__ The original nachos consisted of fried corn tortillas covered with melted cheese and sliced jalapeño peppers.", "Nachos __knowledge__ Nachos originated in the city of Piedras Negras, Coahuila, Mexico, just over the border from Eagle Pass, Texas.", "Nachos __knowledge__ In 1943, the wives of U.S. soldiers stationed at Fort Duncan in nearby Eagle Pass were in Piedras Negras on a shopping trip, and arrived at the restaurant after it had already closed for the day.", "Pancake __knowledge__ A pancake (or hotcake, griddlecake, or flapjack) is a flat cake, often thin and round, prepared from a starch-based batter that may contain eggs, milk and butter and cooked on a hot surface such as a griddle or frying pan, often frying with oil or butter.", "Pancake __knowledge__ In Britain, pancakes are often unleavened and resemble a crêpe.", "Pancake __knowledge__ In North America, a leavening agent is used (typically baking powder).", "Pancake __knowledge__ American pancakes are similar to Scotch pancakes or drop scones.", "Pancake __knowledge__ Archaeological evidence suggests that pancakes were probably the earliest and most widespread cereal food eaten in prehistoric societies.", "Pancake __knowledge__ The pancake's shape and structure varies worldwide.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ is the longest-running noontime variety show in the Philippines.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The show has featured hundreds of segments and competitions since its debut on July 30, 1979.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The following is an incomplete list of the segments of \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ throughout its thirty-eight year run on television.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The segments are organized alphabetically by title.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ It is a special segment that has a similar concept with \"I Object, Your Honor\" and \"I Object, #NasaanAngHustisya?", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \", that tests the cleverness and originality of the \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ hosts.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The hosts are divided into two teams.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ In each round, both teams are given one specific object.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "AlDub __knowledge__ AlDub (also known as MaiDen and MaiChard) is a love team and a supercouple in the Philippines that first appeared in the Kalyeserye portion of the \"Juan for All, All for Juan\" segment of the variety show \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "AlDub __knowledge__ aired in GMA Network.", "AlDub __knowledge__ They are also called as the \"phenomenal love team\" due to their rise in popularity after they were accidentally paired on the July 16, 2015 episode of the Problem Solving portion of \"Juan for All, All for Juan\" which later became the first episode of Kalyeserye.", "AlDub __knowledge__ AlDub is derived from a portmanteau of the tandem's character names in Kalyeserye, namely Filipino actor Alden Richards, who portrays a fictionalized version of himself, and Yaya Dub (Divina Ursula Bokbokova Smash, a playful reverse-acronym of Dubsmash), portrayed by Dubsmash personality and actress Maine Mendoza, who initially does not talk and interacts through lip-syncing.", "Illinois–Indiana–Iowa League __knowledge__ The Illinois-Indiana–Iowa League was a minor league baseball organization that operated for the better part of 60 years, mostly in those three states.", "Illinois–Indiana–Iowa League __knowledge__ The league began play in 1901 and disbanded after the 1961 season.", "Illinois–Indiana–Iowa League __knowledge__ It was popularly known as the Three–I League and also sometimes jokingly as the Three-Eye League.", "Illinois–Indiana–Iowa League __knowledge__ The Illinois–Indiana–Iowa League was founded in 1901 with Rock Island, IL native Michael H. Sexton serving as President.", "Illinois–Indiana–Iowa League __knowledge__ Eight charter members began play in 1901: the Bloomington Blues, Cedar Rapids Rabbitts, Davenport River Rats, Decatur Commodores, Evansville River Rats and Rock Island Islanders, Rockford Red Sox and Terre Haute Hottentots.", "Eat Bulaga! __knowledge__ Eat Bulaga!", "Eat Bulaga! __knowledge__ is a Philippine television variety show broadcast by GMA Network.", "Eat Bulaga! __knowledge__ Produced by Television And Production Exponents Inc. (TAPE), it is the longest running noontime show in the Philippines.", "Eat Bulaga! __knowledge__ It premiered on July 30, 1979, and being filmed from The New TAPE Studios (Eastside Studio) at the Broadway Centrum in New Manila, Quezon City.", "Eat Bulaga! __knowledge__ The show is also airing worldwide through GMA Pinoy TV and live streaming online on YouTube.", "Eat Bulaga! __knowledge__ The name approximately translates to \"Lunchtime Surprise!\".", "Eat Bulaga! __knowledge__ The show holds the record of being the longest-running noontime variety program in the history of Philippine television.", "Sefer ha-Chinuch __knowledge__ The Sefer ha-Chinuch (, \"Book of Education\"), often simply \"the Chinuch\" is a work which systematically discusses the 613 commandments of the Torah.", "Sefer ha-Chinuch __knowledge__ It was published anonymously in 13th century Spain.", "Sefer ha-Chinuch __knowledge__ The work's enumeration of the commandments (; sing.", "Sefer ha-Chinuch __knowledge__ \"mitzvah\") is based upon Maimonides' system of counting as per his Sefer Hamitzvot; each is listed according to its appearance in the weekly Torah portion and the work is structured correspondingly.", "Sefer ha-Chinuch __knowledge__ The \"Book of Education\" separately discusses each of the 613 commandments, both from a legal and a moral perspective.", "Sefer ha-Chinuch __knowledge__ For each, the discussion starts by linking the \"mitzvah\" to its Biblical source, and then addresses the philosophical underpinnings of the commandment (here, termed the \"\"shoresh\"\", or \"root\")." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Sausage __knowledge__ A sausage is a cylindrical meat product usually made from ground meat, often pork, beef, or veal, along with salt, spices and other flavourings, and breadcrumbs, encased by a skin.", "Sausage __knowledge__ Typically, a sausage is formed in a casing traditionally made from intestine, but sometimes from synthetic materials.", "Sausage __knowledge__ Sausages that are sold raw are cooked in many ways, including pan-frying, broiling and barbecuing.", "Sausage __knowledge__ Some sausages are cooked during processing and the casing may then be removed.", "Sausage __knowledge__ Sausage making is a traditional food preservation technique.", "Sausage __knowledge__ Sausages may be preserved by curing, drying (often in association with fermentation or culturing, which can contribute to preservation), smoking, or freezing.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Uruguayan cuisine is a fusion of cuisines of several European countries, with a particular emphasis on Mediterranean food from Spain, Italy, Portugal and France.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Other possible influences on the cuisine may result from immigration from countries such as Germany and Britain.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The food is very similar to Argentine cuisine.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The base of the country's diet is meat and animal products, mostly coming from beef but also chicken, lamb, pig and sometimes fish.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Uruguayan gastronomy came from immigration, and did not come from the Amerindians, because the new colonies did not trust the natives.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The preferred cooking methods for meats and vegetables are still boiling and roasting, but with modernization also came frying (see milanesas and chivitos).", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Midwestern cuisine is a regional cuisine of the American Midwest.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ It draws its culinary roots most significantly from the cuisines of Central, Northern and Eastern Europe, and Native North America, and is influenced by regionally and locally grown foodstuffs and cultural diversity.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Everyday Midwestern home cooking generally showcases simple and hearty dishes that make use of the abundance of locally grown foods.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Its culinary profiles may seem synonymous with \"American food.\"", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Quoted in a 2007 interview with the \"Daily Herald\", Chef Stephen Langlois, a pioneer in the Midwestern local food movement, described it: \"Think of Thanksgiving dinner.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ Breakfast is the first meal of a day, most often eaten in the early morning before undertaking the day's work.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The word in English refers to breaking the fasting period of the prior night.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ There is a strong tendency for one or more \"typical\", or \"traditional\", breakfast menus to exist in most places, but the composition of this varies widely from place to place, and has varied over time, so that globally a very wide range of preparations and ingredients are now associated with breakfast.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The Old English word for dinner, \"disner\", means to break a fast, and was the first meal eaten in the day until its meaning shifted in the mid-13th century.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine comprises a wide variety of regional and traditional cuisines native to the Indian subcontinent.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Given the range of diversity in soil type, climate, culture, ethnic groups, and occupations, these cuisines vary substantially from each other and use locally available spices, herbs, vegetables, and fruits.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian food is also heavily influenced by religion, in particular Hindu, and cultural choices and traditions.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Also, Middle Eastern and Central Asian influences have occurred on North Indian cuisine from the years of Mughal rule.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine is still evolving, as a result of the nation's cultural interactions with other societies.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ This is a listing of regional variations on the hot dog.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Different areas of the world have local variations on the type of meat used, condiments, and means of preparation, which are enumerated below.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Hot dogs are very popular throughout the United States.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Many regional variations exist.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Hot dogs made with caribou meat added are sold as \"reindeer dogs\" throughout Alaska.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ The Sonoran hot dog is popular in Tucson, Phoenix, and elsewhere in southern Arizona, as well as in the neighboring Mexican state of Sonora.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ It is a hot dog wrapped in mesquite-smoked bacon, cooked on a grill or on a griddle or comal, then topped with pinto beans, onions, tomatoes, mayonnaise, mustard and jalapeño salsa or sauce, and served on a bolillo roll, often with a side of fresh-roasted chili pepper.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Medieval cuisine includes foods, eating habits, and cooking methods of various European cultures during the Middle Ages, which lasted from the fifth to the fifteenth century.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ During this period, diets and cooking changed less than they did in the early modern period that followed, when those changes helped lay the foundations for modern European cuisine.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Cereals remained the most important staple during the early Middle Ages as rice was introduced late, and the potato was only introduced in 1536, with a much later date for widespread consumption.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Barley, oat and rye were eaten by the poor.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Wheat was for the governing classes." ] ]

[ 1, 22, 2, 3 ]

[ "PIzza is so awesome, I love how it is typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese.", "Me too! I love how it is made to be folded in half to eat. So convenient.", "I like vegetables, meats, and cheese. I also like condiments like ranch to dip it in.", "That sounds great. It's crazy how pizza has evolved since it was first recorded in the 10th century." ]

[ "Pizza", "Pizza", "Pizza", "Pizza" ]

[ "Painting", "Bob Ross is a legend! I wish I had one of his paintings.", "I didn't know about that. I wonder if there are dvds of his show for purchase." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Painting __knowledge__ Painting is the practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other medium to a solid surface (support base).", "Painting __knowledge__ The medium is commonly applied to the base with a brush, but other implements, such as knives, sponges, and airbrushes, can be used.", "Painting __knowledge__ Painting is a mode of creative expression, and the forms are numerous.", "Painting __knowledge__ Drawing, gesture (as in gestural painting), composition, narration (as in narrative art), or abstraction (as in abstract art), among other aesthetic modes, may serve to manifest the expressive and conceptual intention of the practitioner.", "Painting __knowledge__ Paintings can be naturalistic and representational (as in a still life or landscape painting), photographic, abstract, narrative, symbolistic (as in Symbolist art), emotive (as in Expressionism), or political in nature (as in Artivism).", "Painting __knowledge__ A portion of the history of painting in both Eastern and Western art is dominated by spiritual motifs and ideas.", "Painting __knowledge__ Examples of this kind of painting range from artwork depicting mythological figures on pottery, to Biblical scenes rendered on the interior walls and ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, to scenes from the life of Buddha or other images of Eastern religious origin.", "Painting __knowledge__ In art, the term \"painting \"describes both the act and the result of the action." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Painting __knowledge__ Painting is the practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other medium to a solid surface (support base).", "Painting __knowledge__ The medium is commonly applied to the base with a brush, but other implements, such as knives, sponges, and airbrushes, can be used.", "Painting __knowledge__ Painting is a mode of creative expression, and the forms are numerous.", "Painting __knowledge__ Drawing, gesture (as in gestural painting), composition, narration (as in narrative art), or abstraction (as in abstract art), among other aesthetic modes, may serve to manifest the expressive and conceptual intention of the practitioner.", "Painting __knowledge__ Paintings can be naturalistic and representational (as in a still life or landscape painting), photographic, abstract, narrative, symbolistic (as in Symbolist art), emotive (as in Expressionism), or political in nature (as in Artivism).", "Painting __knowledge__ A portion of the history of painting in both Eastern and Western art is dominated by spiritual motifs and ideas.", "Painting __knowledge__ Examples of this kind of painting range from artwork depicting mythological figures on pottery, to Biblical scenes rendered on the interior walls and ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, to scenes from the life of Buddha or other images of Eastern religious origin.", "Painting __knowledge__ In art, the term \"painting \"describes both the act and the result of the action.", "Bob Ross __knowledge__ Robert Norman Ross (October 29, 1942 – July 4, 1995) was an American painter, art instructor, and television host.", "Bob Ross __knowledge__ He was the creator and host of \"The Joy of Painting\", an instructional television program that aired from 1983 to 1994 on PBS in the United States, and also aired in Canada, Latin America, and Europe.", "Bob Ross __knowledge__ Ross went from being a public-television personality in the 1980s and 1990s to being an Internet celebrity in the 21st century, popular with fans on YouTube and many other websites.", "Bob Ross __knowledge__ Ross was born in Daytona Beach, Florida, to Jack and Ollie Ross (a carpenter and waitress, respectively), and raised in Orlando, Florida.", "Gay Comix __knowledge__ Gay Comix (later Gay Comics) is an underground comics series published from 1980–1998 featuring cartoons by and for gay and lesbian men and women.", "Gay Comix __knowledge__ The comic books had the tagline “Lesbians and Gay Men Put It On Paper!” Much of the early content was autobiographical, but more diverse themes were explored in later editions.", "Gay Comix __knowledge__ The contents of \"Gay Comix\" were generally about relationships, personal experiences, and humor, rather than sex.", "Gay Comix __knowledge__ It is generally less sexually explicit than the similarly-themed (and male-focused) \"Meatmen\" series of graphic novels.", "Gay Comix __knowledge__ Its editors each made a deliberate effort to feature work by both women and men.", "The Joy of Painting __knowledge__ The Joy of Painting is an American half-hour instructional television show hosted by painter Bob Ross which ran from January 11, 1983 until May 17, 1994.", "The Joy of Painting __knowledge__ In each episode, Ross taught techniques for landscape oil painting, completing a painting in each session.", "The Joy of Painting __knowledge__ The program followed the same format as its predecessor, \"The Magic of Oil Painting\", hosted by Ross's mentor Bill Alexander.", "The Joy of Painting __knowledge__ In its running it won three Emmy Awards.", "The Joy of Painting __knowledge__ Broadcast by non-commercial public television stations, the show's first season was in 1983, and initially produced by WNVC in Falls Church, Virginia, then by WIPB in Muncie, Indiana, from 1984 until the show ended in 1994, and later by Blue Ridge Public Television in Roanoke, Virginia.", "Kingdom Brass __knowledge__ Kingdom Brass is a brass band based in Cowdenbeath, in Fife, Scotland.", "Kingdom Brass __knowledge__ Kingdom Brass is graded in the Championship Section, and performs at various concerts, festivals and competitions all over the UK and abroad.", "Kingdom Brass __knowledge__ It was formed in 1999 by the amalgamation of the Cowdenbeath and Kelty & Blairadam Bands.", "Kingdom Brass __knowledge__ The band consists of 35 brass and percussion players.", "Kingdom Brass __knowledge__ Kingdom Brass rehearse in the Co-op Hall, Broad Street, Cowdenbeath, Kingdom Brass rehearses on Thursday and Sunday evenings, from 7.30 – 9.30pm.", "Kingdom Brass __knowledge__ Kingdom Brass was formed in August 1999 after the amalgamation of the Cowdenbeath and the Kelty & Blairadam Bands.", "Bob Ross (publisher) __knowledge__ Bob Ross (April 2, 1934 – December 13, 2003) was the founder and former publisher of the \"Bay Area Reporter\" and a key gay rights and AIDS activist in San Francisco.", "Bob Ross (publisher) __knowledge__ Ross was born in New York City.", "Bob Ross (publisher) __knowledge__ In addition to the \"Bay Area Reporter\", Ross published the long-running \"Gay Comix\", beginning in 1985 and continuing until 1998.", "Bob Ross (publisher) __knowledge__ He was criticized by some for his more moderate policies, sometimes leaning toward the conservative, with gay rights being seen by many as a primarily liberal issue.", "Bob Ross (publisher) __knowledge__ In 1996, he established the Bob Ross Foundation, which donated to a \"broad portfolio of nonprofits\".", "Bob Ross (publisher) __knowledge__ In 2016, the Foundation donated $50,000 to purchase equipment for the GLBT Historical Society to digitize and publish a complete searchable archive of the \"Bay Area Reporter\" from the first issue in 1971 until 2005 when the newspaper began online operations.", "Bob Ross (disambiguation) __knowledge__ Bob Ross (1942–1995) was a painter and television presenter.", "Bob Ross (disambiguation) __knowledge__ Bob Ross may also refer to:", "Edgar Ross (communist) __knowledge__ Edgar Argent Ross (20 November 1904 – 16 November 2001) was an Australian journalist, trade unionist and communist organiser.", "Edgar Ross (communist) __knowledge__ Ross was born in Brisbane to Bob and Ethel Ross, who were based in Broken Hill.", "Edgar Ross (communist) __knowledge__ Bob Ross, a newspaper editor, was also a foundation member of the Socialist League and the Social Democratic Vanguard, which influenced young Edgar's political development.", "Edgar Ross (communist) __knowledge__ The family later moved to Melbourne and, briefly, New Zealand, but Edgar attended University High School in Melbourne before becoming a cadet journalist in 1922, joining the Australian Journalists' Association.", "Edgar Ross (communist) __knowledge__ He was sporting editor for the Geelong-based \"Industrial Advocate\" and wrote book reviews for the \"Socialist\", both of which were edited by his father.", "Donna Dewberry __knowledge__ Donna S. Dewberry (born November 6, 1953) is an American Mormon artist and author.", "Donna Dewberry __knowledge__ She claims to have developed a \"One Stroke\" painting technique that will enable anyone to reproduce any effect of nature with one easy-to-learn technique.", "Donna Dewberry __knowledge__ Dewberry is a member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.", "Donna Dewberry __knowledge__ She had a public television show, \"One Stroke Painting with Donna Dewberry\".", "Donna Dewberry __knowledge__ In 2007, \"One Stroke Painting\" was replaced with \"The Donna Dewberry Show\".", "Donna Dewberry __knowledge__ The \"One Stroke Technique\" is a double loading technique that consists of loading a brush with two separate colors.", "Donna Dewberry __knowledge__ Dewberry claims that with her technique you are able to achieve the shading and highlighting in one stroke .", "The Society for the Arts in Dementia Care __knowledge__ The Society for the Arts in Dementia Care is a non-profit organization dedicated to knowledge dissemination and education that focuses on improving the quality of lives of seniors living with dementia by using the visual and performing arts.", "The Society for the Arts in Dementia Care __knowledge__ Founded in 2004, the head office is in Vancouver, BC, Canada.", "The Society for the Arts in Dementia Care __knowledge__ In 2007, an affiliate chapter was created in Perth, Australia.", "The Society for the Arts in Dementia Care __knowledge__ The Society organizes annual conferences on Creative Expression, Communication and Dementia, commonly referred to as CECD Conferences.", "The Society for the Arts in Dementia Care __knowledge__ The Society for the Arts in Dementia Care is built on the premise that people living with dementia have the right to dignity, to be heard and to be valued.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Various characters appeared in the sitcom \"Friends\", which aired for ten seasons on NBC from 1994 to 2004.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ It featured six main cast members: Rachel Green (Jennifer Aniston), Phoebe Buffay (Lisa Kudrow), Joey Tribbiani (Matt LeBlanc), Chandler Bing (Matthew Perry), Ross Geller (David Schwimmer) and Monica Geller (Courteney Cox).", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Many celebrities guest starred on the series throughout its ten-year run.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ The main cast members were familiar to television viewers before their roles on \"Friends\", but were not considered to be stars.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Series creator David Crane wanted all six characters to be equally prominent, and the series was lauded as being \"the first true 'ensemble' show\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Glory Days is the sixteenth season of \"The Biggest Loser\" which premiered on September 11, 2014 on NBC.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ Bob Harper and Dolvett Quince returned as trainers, while Jillian Michaels decided to leave the show.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ There are two new trainers this season: Jessie Pavelka and Jennifer Widerstrom.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season, the contestants are all former athletes including former National Football League players and Olympic Gold medalists.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize which was awarded to Toma Dobrosavljevic, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season was also the last for host Alison Sweeney to focus on other projects." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Painting __knowledge__ Painting is the practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other medium to a solid surface (support base).", "Painting __knowledge__ The medium is commonly applied to the base with a brush, but other implements, such as knives, sponges, and airbrushes, can be used.", "Painting __knowledge__ Painting is a mode of creative expression, and the forms are numerous.", "Painting __knowledge__ Drawing, gesture (as in gestural painting), composition, narration (as in narrative art), or abstraction (as in abstract art), among other aesthetic modes, may serve to manifest the expressive and conceptual intention of the practitioner.", "Painting __knowledge__ Paintings can be naturalistic and representational (as in a still life or landscape painting), photographic, abstract, narrative, symbolistic (as in Symbolist art), emotive (as in Expressionism), or political in nature (as in Artivism).", "Painting __knowledge__ A portion of the history of painting in both Eastern and Western art is dominated by spiritual motifs and ideas.", "Painting __knowledge__ Examples of this kind of painting range from artwork depicting mythological figures on pottery, to Biblical scenes rendered on the interior walls and ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, to scenes from the life of Buddha or other images of Eastern religious origin.", "Painting __knowledge__ In art, the term \"painting \"describes both the act and the result of the action.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ Wonder Woman is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character is a founding member of the Justice League, goddess, and Ambassador-at-Large of the Amazon people.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character first appeared in \"All Star Comics\" #8 in October 1941 and first cover-dated on \"Sensation Comics\" #1, January 1942.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ In her homeland, the island nation of Themyscira, her official title is Princess Diana of Themyscira, Daughter of Hippolyta.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ When blending into the society outside of her homeland, she adopts her civilian identity Diana Prince.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character is also referred to by such epithets as the \"Amazing Amazon\", the \"Spirit of Truth\", \"Themyscira's Champion\", the \"God-killer\", and the \"Goddess of Love and War\".", "The Wonder Years __knowledge__ The Wonder Years is an American coming-of-age comedy-drama television series created by Neal Marlens and Carol Black.", "The Wonder Years __knowledge__ It ran on ABC from 1988 until 1993.", "The Wonder Years __knowledge__ The pilot aired on January 31, 1988, following ABC's coverage of Super Bowl XXII.", "The Wonder Years __knowledge__ It stars Fred Savage as Kevin Arnold, an adolescent boy growing up in a suburban middle class family, and takes place from 1968–1973.", "The Wonder Years __knowledge__ The show earned a spot in the Nielsen Top 30 during its first four seasons.", "The Wonder Years __knowledge__ \"TV Guide\" named it one of the 20 best shows of the 1980s.", "The Wonder Years __knowledge__ After six episodes, \"The Wonder Years\" won a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Comedy Series in 1988.", "Stevie Wonder __knowledge__ Stevland Hardaway Morris (born Stevland Hardaway Judkins; May 13, 1950), known by his stage name Stevie Wonder, is an American musician, singer, songwriter, record producer, and multi-instrumentalist.", "Stevie Wonder __knowledge__ A child prodigy, he is considered to be one of the most critically and commercially successful musical performers of the late 20th century.", "Stevie Wonder __knowledge__ Wonder signed with Motown's Tamla label at the age of 11, and he continued performing and recording for Motown into the 2010s.", "Stevie Wonder __knowledge__ He has been blind since shortly after birth.", "Stevie Wonder __knowledge__ Among Wonder's works are singles such as \"Signed, Sealed, Delivered I'm Yours\", \"Superstition\", \"Sir Duke\", \"You Are the Sunshine of My Life\" and \"I Just Called to Say I Love You\"; and albums such as \"Talking Book\", \"Innervisions\" and \"Songs in the Key of Life\".", "Publication history of Wonder Woman __knowledge__ This article is about the history of the fictional DC Comics' character Wonder Woman, who was introduced in \"All Star Comics\" #8 (December 1941), then appearing in \"Sensation Comics\" #1 (January 1942), Six months later appeared in her own comic book series (Summer 1942).", "Publication history of Wonder Woman __knowledge__ Since her debut, five regular series of \"Wonder Woman\" have been published, the last launched in June 2016 as part of the DC Rebirth.", "Publication history of Wonder Woman __knowledge__ Wonder Woman was introduced in \"All Star Comics\" #8 (December 1941), during the era known to comics historians as the \"Golden Age of Comic Books\".", "Publication history of Wonder Woman __knowledge__ Following this debut, she was featured in \"Sensation Comics\" #1 (January 1942), and six months later appeared in her own comic book series (Summer 1942).", "Wonder Woman (TV series) __knowledge__ Wonder Woman, known from seasons 2-3 as The New Adventures of Wonder Woman, is an American television series based on the DC Comics comic book superhero of the same name.", "Wonder Woman (TV series) __knowledge__ The show stars Lynda Carter as Wonder Woman/Diana Prince and Lyle Waggoner as Steve Trevor Sr. & Jr.", "Wonder Woman (TV series) __knowledge__ It originally aired for three seasons from 1975 to 1979.", "Wonder Woman (TV series) __knowledge__ The show's first season aired on ABC and is set in the 1940s during World War II.", "Wonder Woman (TV series) __knowledge__ The second and third seasons aired on CBS and are set in the 1970s, with the title changed to \"The New Adventures of Wonder Woman\", and a complete change of cast other than Carter and Waggoner.", "Wonder Woman (2017 film) __knowledge__ Wonder Woman is a 2017 American superhero film based on the DC Comics character of the same name, distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures.", "Wonder Woman (2017 film) __knowledge__ It is the fourth installment in the DC Extended Universe (DCEU).", "Wonder Woman (2017 film) __knowledge__ The film is directed by Patty Jenkins, with a screenplay by Allan Heinberg, from a story by Heinberg, Zack Snyder, and Jason Fuchs, and stars Gal Gadot as Diana Prince / Wonder Woman, alongside Chris Pine, Robin Wright, Danny Huston, David Thewlis, Connie Nielsen, and Elena Anaya.", "Wonder Woman (2017 film) __knowledge__ \"Wonder Woman\" is the second live action theatrical film featuring the titular character, following her debut in 2016's \"\".", "List of Buffy the Vampire Slayer home video releases __knowledge__ DVDs of the television show \"Buffy the Vampire Slayer\" were produced by 20th Century Fox and released beginning in 2000.", "List of Buffy the Vampire Slayer home video releases __knowledge__ As well as containing the episodes, the DVD sets have extra features such as: audio commentaries by the show's producers, documentary features, blooper reels, and shooting scripts.", "List of Buffy the Vampire Slayer home video releases __knowledge__ The \"Buffy the Vampire Slayer\" DVD sets were released in at least three encoding formats: Aside from the region encoding (and the packaging), the Region 2 and Region 4 DVDs are identical.", "List of Buffy the Vampire Slayer home video releases __knowledge__ However, there are several content differences between the Region 1 DVDs and the Region 2 and 4 DVDs.", "List of Buffy the Vampire Slayer home video releases __knowledge__ The Region 2 and 4 DVDs include the scenes from previous episodes (\"Previously on \"Buffy the Vampire Slayer\"\") at the beginning of each episode (except season 2); the Region 1 DVDs do not.", "Twitch.tv __knowledge__ Twitch is a live streaming video platform owned by Twitch Interactive, a subsidiary of Amazon.com.", "Twitch.tv __knowledge__ Introduced in June 2011 as a spin-off of the general-interest streaming platform, Justin.tv, the site primarily focuses on video game live streaming, including broadcasts of eSports competitions, in addition to creative content, \"real life\" streams, and more recently, music broadcasts.", "Twitch.tv __knowledge__ Content on the site can either be viewed live or via video on demand.", "Twitch.tv __knowledge__ The popularity of Twitch would eclipse that of its general-interest counterpart; in October 2013, the website had 45 million unique viewers, and by February 2014, it was considered the fourth largest source of peak Internet traffic in the United States.", "Bob Ross __knowledge__ Robert Norman Ross (October 29, 1942 – July 4, 1995) was an American painter, art instructor, and television host.", "Bob Ross __knowledge__ He was the creator and host of \"The Joy of Painting\", an instructional television program that aired from 1983 to 1994 on PBS in the United States, and also aired in Canada, Latin America, and Europe.", "Bob Ross __knowledge__ Ross went from being a public-television personality in the 1980s and 1990s to being an Internet celebrity in the 21st century, popular with fans on YouTube and many other websites.", "Bob Ross __knowledge__ Ross was born in Daytona Beach, Florida, to Jack and Ollie Ross (a carpenter and waitress, respectively), and raised in Orlando, Florida.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Disney/Pixar's \"Toy Story\" franchise which consists of the animated films \"Toy Story\" (1995), \"Toy Story 2\" (1999), and \"Toy Story 3\" (2010) and the animated short films.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ Voiced by: Sheriff Woody Pride is a 1950s old traditional pull string cowboy doll, and Andy's favorite toy.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ Appearing in all three \"Toy Story\" films, he usually acts as the leader of the gang.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ His rivalry with Buzz forms the basis of the plot of the first film.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ In \"Toy Story 2\", he is stolen at a yard sale by a toy collector, causing the other toys to embark on a rescue mission.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ In \"Toy Story 3\" he and the other toys are shipped to a daycare center.", "The Joy of Painting __knowledge__ The Joy of Painting is an American half-hour instructional television show hosted by painter Bob Ross which ran from January 11, 1983 until May 17, 1994.", "The Joy of Painting __knowledge__ In each episode, Ross taught techniques for landscape oil painting, completing a painting in each session.", "The Joy of Painting __knowledge__ The program followed the same format as its predecessor, \"The Magic of Oil Painting\", hosted by Ross's mentor Bill Alexander.", "The Joy of Painting __knowledge__ In its running it won three Emmy Awards.", "The Joy of Painting __knowledge__ Broadcast by non-commercial public television stations, the show's first season was in 1983, and initially produced by WNVC in Falls Church, Virginia, then by WIPB in Muncie, Indiana, from 1984 until the show ended in 1994, and later by Blue Ridge Public Television in Roanoke, Virginia.", "Twitch Plays Pokémon __knowledge__ Twitch Plays \"Pokémon\" (TPP) is a \"social experiment\" and channel on the video game live streaming website Twitch, consisting of a crowdsourced attempt to play Game Freak's and Nintendo's \"Pokémon\" video games by parsing commands sent by users through the channel's chat room.", "Twitch Plays Pokémon __knowledge__ It holds the \"Guinness World Record\" for having \"the most participants on a single-player online videogame\" with 1,165,140.", "Twitch Plays Pokémon __knowledge__ The concept was developed by an anonymous Australian programmer and launched on 12 February 2014, starting with the game \"Pokémon Red\".", "Twitch Plays Pokémon __knowledge__ The stream became unexpectedly popular, reaching an average concurrent viewership of over 80,000 viewers (with at least 10% participating).", "Motor control __knowledge__ Motor control is the process by which humans and animals use their brain/cognition to activate and coordinate the muscles and limbs involved in the performance of a motor skill.", "Motor control __knowledge__ Fundamentally, it is the integration of sensory information, both about the world and the current state of the body, to determine the appropriate set of muscle forces and joint activations to generate some desired movement or action.", "Motor control __knowledge__ This process requires cooperative interaction between the central nervous system and the musculoskeletal system, and is thus a problem of information processing, coordination, mechanics, physics, and cognition.", "Zoltán Tibor Balogh __knowledge__ Zoltán \"Zoli\" Tibor Balogh (December 7, 1953 – June 19, 2002) was a Hungarian-born mathematician, specializing in set-theoretic topology.", "Zoltán Tibor Balogh __knowledge__ His father, Tibor Balogh, was also a mathematician.", "Zoltán Tibor Balogh __knowledge__ His best-known work concerned solutions to problems involving normality of products, most notably the first ZFC construction of a small (cardinality continuum) Dowker space.", "Zoltán Tibor Balogh __knowledge__ He also solved Nagami's problem (normal + screenable does not imply paracompact), and the second and third Morita conjectures about normality in products." ] ]

[ 3, 10, 62 ]

[ "When I think about creative expression, I think of Bob Ross. What a wholesome man. He makes painting look easy.", "He really is. Did you watch the Twitch marathon of Joy of Painting? I would have loved to have followed along.", "I imagine that a three time Emmy Award winning show would have DVDs somewhere out there. I could decorate my house!" ]

[ "Painting", "Painting", "Painting" ]

[ "Leather\nI have lots of shoes made from leather, how about you?", "I prefer the smell of it unpolished. It has a very particular smell don't you think?", "I believe it's from the tanning process", "I suppose it's dependant on a persons taste. It's quite a strong smell for sure.", "It's certainly unique, isn't it?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Leather __knowledge__ Leather is a durable and flexible material created by tanning animal rawhide and skin, mostly cattle hide.", "Leather __knowledge__ It can be produced at manufacturing scales ranging from cottage industry to heavy industry.", "Leather __knowledge__ People use leather to make various goods—including clothing (e.g., shoes, hats, jackets, skirts, trousers, and belts), bookbinding, leather wallpaper, and as a furniture covering.", "Leather __knowledge__ It is produced in a wide variety of types and styles, decorated by a wide range of techniques.", "Leather __knowledge__ Several tanning processes transform hides and skins into leather: Leather, usually vegetable-tanned, can be oiled to improve its water resistance.", "Leather __knowledge__ This currying process after tanning supplements the natural oils remaining in the leather itself, which can be washed out through repeated exposure to water.", "Leather __knowledge__ Frequent oiling of leather, with mink oil, neatsfoot oil, or a similar material keeps it supple and improves its lifespan dramatically.", "Leather __knowledge__ In general, leather is produced in the following forms: Today, most leather is made of cattle skin, but many exceptions exist.", "Leather __knowledge__ Lamb and deerskin are used for soft leather in more expensive apparel.", "Leather __knowledge__ Deer and elkskin are widely used in work gloves and indoor shoes.", "Leather __knowledge__ Pigskin is used in apparel and on seats of saddles.", "Shoe __knowledge__ A shoe is an item of footwear intended to protect and comfort the human foot while the wearer is doing various activities.", "Shoe __knowledge__ Shoes are also used as an item of decoration and fashion.", "Shoe __knowledge__ The design of shoes has varied enormously through time and from culture to culture, with appearance originally being tied to function.", "Shoe __knowledge__ Additionally, fashion has often dictated many design elements, such as whether shoes have very high heels or flat ones.", "Shoe __knowledge__ Contemporary footwear in the 2010s varies widely in style, complexity and cost.", "Shoe __knowledge__ Basic sandals may consist of only a thin sole and simple strap and be sold for a low cost.", "Air Jordan __knowledge__ Air Jordan is a brand of basketball footwear and athletic clothing produced by Nike.", "Air Jordan __knowledge__ It was created for former professional basketball player, Michael Jordan.", "Air Jordan __knowledge__ The original Air Jordan I sneaker, were produced exclusively for Jordan in early 1984, and released to the public in late 1984.", "Air Jordan __knowledge__ The shoes were designed for Nike by Peter Moore, Tinker Hatfield, and Bruce Kilgore.", "Air Jordan __knowledge__ Since its introduction into the sports shoe market, the Air Jordans evolved from the original basketball shoes to models for different uses, including I-XXXII.", "Air Jordan __knowledge__ The Jordan brand sponsors 21 active NBA players, including Jimmy Butler, Chris Paul, Blake Griffin, Kawhi Leonard, Russell Westbrook and Carmelo Anthony.", "Shoe polish __knowledge__ Shoe polish (or boot polish) is a waxy paste, cream, or liquid used to polish, shine, and waterproof leather shoes or boots to extend the footwear's life, and restore, maintain and improve their appearance.", "Shoe polish __knowledge__ Various substances have been used as shoe polish for hundreds of years, starting with natural substances such as wax and tallow.", "Shoe polish __knowledge__ Modern polish formulas were introduced early in the 20th century and many of those original formulations are still in use today.", "Shoe polish __knowledge__ Today, shoe polish is usually made from a mix of natural and synthetic materials, including naphtha, turpentine, dyes, and gum arabic, using straightforward chemical engineering processes.", "Barefoot __knowledge__ Barefoot is the most common term for the state of not wearing any footwear.", "Barefoot __knowledge__ Wearing footwear is an exclusively human characteristic, however some animals held by humans are also issued with footwear, such as horses and, more rarely dogs and cats.", "Barefoot __knowledge__ There are health benefits and some risks associated with going barefoot.", "Barefoot __knowledge__ Footwear provides protection from cuts, abrasions, bruises, and impacts from objects on the ground or the ground texture itself, as well as from frost or heat burns, and parasites like hookworm in extreme situations.", "Barefoot __knowledge__ However, shoes can limit the flexibility, strength, and mobility of the foot and can lead to higher incidences of flexible flat foot, bunions, hammer toe, and Morton's neuroma.", "Bespoke shoes __knowledge__ Bespoke shoes are shoes made especially for a certain customer by a shoemaker.", "Bespoke shoes __knowledge__ The feet are measured and a last for each foot is created.", "Bespoke shoes __knowledge__ At the fitting, the customer tries the prototype pair of shoes made in an inexpensive leather and the shoemaker checks if anything needs to be changed.", "Bespoke shoes __knowledge__ If so, the changes are applied to the lasts and the shoes are created with a precious leather.", "Bespoke shoes __knowledge__ After the final lasts are created, the customer can order more pairs of shoes without more measurements and fittings.", "Bespoke shoes __knowledge__ Producers of bespoke shoes may include:", "Jelly shoes __knowledge__ Jelly shoes or jellies are shoes made of PVC plastic.", "Jelly shoes __knowledge__ Jelly shoes come in a large variety of brands and colors and the material is frequently infused with glitter.", "Jelly shoes __knowledge__ Its name refers to the semi-transparent materials with a jelly-like sheen.", "Jelly shoes __knowledge__ The shoes became a fad in the early 1980s, when a pair could frequently be purchased for less than one US dollar.", "Jelly shoes __knowledge__ Like many other fashion trends from the 1980s, jellies have been revived a number of times since the late 1990s.", "Jelly shoes __knowledge__ Although considered a populist shoe in the 1980s, the jelly shoe has been reinterpreted by a number of high-end fashion designers in the early twenty-first century.", "Veritas Bespoke __knowledge__ Veritas Bespoke is a company that manufactures and retails premium leather-soled shoes for men.", "Veritas Bespoke __knowledge__ The brand is founded in 2013 by the Vietnamese Canadian businessman Thanh Le and Thai Nguyen, the professional shoe cobbler in Calgary, Alberta, Canada.", "Veritas Bespoke __knowledge__ Veritas Bespoke has invented a new approach to the traditional shoe-making method: creating bespoke last from 3D scanning technology used in orthopedics footwear.", "Veritas Bespoke __knowledge__ In July 2013, Veritas Bespoke opened its boutique in Calgary.", "Veritas Bespoke __knowledge__ Two years later, Thanh and Nguyen opened their first store in Vietnam at 56 Le Thanh Ton Street, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City In the summer of 2012, Thanh Le, a chemical engineer with a MBA degree met Thai Nguyen, a cobbler, in Calgary." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Leather __knowledge__ Leather is a durable and flexible material created by tanning animal rawhide and skin, mostly cattle hide.", "Leather __knowledge__ It can be produced at manufacturing scales ranging from cottage industry to heavy industry.", "Leather __knowledge__ People use leather to make various goods—including clothing (e.g., shoes, hats, jackets, skirts, trousers, and belts), bookbinding, leather wallpaper, and as a furniture covering.", "Leather __knowledge__ It is produced in a wide variety of types and styles, decorated by a wide range of techniques.", "Leather __knowledge__ Several tanning processes transform hides and skins into leather: Leather, usually vegetable-tanned, can be oiled to improve its water resistance.", "Leather __knowledge__ This currying process after tanning supplements the natural oils remaining in the leather itself, which can be washed out through repeated exposure to water.", "Leather __knowledge__ Frequent oiling of leather, with mink oil, neatsfoot oil, or a similar material keeps it supple and improves its lifespan dramatically.", "Leather __knowledge__ In general, leather is produced in the following forms: Today, most leather is made of cattle skin, but many exceptions exist.", "Leather __knowledge__ Lamb and deerskin are used for soft leather in more expensive apparel.", "Leather __knowledge__ Deer and elkskin are widely used in work gloves and indoor shoes.", "Leather __knowledge__ Pigskin is used in apparel and on seats of saddles.", "Odor __knowledge__ An odor or odour or fragrance is caused by one or more volatilized chemical compounds, generally at a very low concentration, that humans or other animals perceive by the sense of olfaction.", "Odor __knowledge__ Odors are also commonly called scents, which can refer to both pleasant and unpleasant odors.", "Odor __knowledge__ The terms fragrance and aroma are used primarily by the food and cosmetic industry to describe a pleasant odor, and are sometimes used to refer to perfumes, and to describe floral scent.", "Odor __knowledge__ In contrast, malodor, stench, reek, and stink are used specifically to describe unpleasant odor.", "Odor __knowledge__ The term smell (in its noun form) is used for both pleasant and unpleasant odors.", "Olfaction __knowledge__ Olfaction is a chemoreception that forms the sense of smell.", "Olfaction __knowledge__ Olfaction has many purposes, such as the detection of hazards, pheromones, and food.", "Olfaction __knowledge__ It integrates with other senses to form the sense of flavor.", "Olfaction __knowledge__ Olfaction occurs when odorants bind to specific sites on olfactory receptors located in the nasal cavity.", "Olfaction __knowledge__ Glomeruli aggregate signals from these receptors and transmit them to the olfactory bulb, where the sensory input will start to interact with parts of the brain responsible for smell identification, memory, and emotion.", "Olfaction __knowledge__ Often, land organisms will have separate olfaction systems for smell and taste (orthonasal smell and retronasal smell), but water-dwelling organisms usually have only one system.", "Retronasal smell __knowledge__ Retronasal smell, retronasal olfaction, or mouth smell, is the ability to perceive flavor dimensions of foods and drinks.", "Retronasal smell __knowledge__ Retronasal smell is a sensory modality that produces flavor.", "Retronasal smell __knowledge__ It is best described as a combination of traditional smell (orthonasal smell) and taste modalities.", "Retronasal smell __knowledge__ Retronasal smell creates flavor from smell molecules in foods or drinks shunting up through the nasal passages as one is chewing.", "Retronasal smell __knowledge__ When people use the term \"smell\", they are usually referring to \"orthonasal smell\", or the perception of smell molecules that enter directly through the nose and up the nasal passages.", "Retronasal smell __knowledge__ Retronasal smell is critical for experiencing the \"flavor\" of foods and drinks.", "Bernard Bolzano __knowledge__ Bernard Bolzano (; ; born Bernardus Placidus Johann Nepomuk Bolzano; 5 October 1781 – 18 December 1848) was a Bohemian mathematician, logician, philosopher, theologian and Catholic priest of Italian extraction, also known for his antimilitarist views.", "Bernard Bolzano __knowledge__ Bolzano wrote in German, his native language.", "Bernard Bolzano __knowledge__ For the most part, his work came to prominence posthumously.", "Bernard Bolzano __knowledge__ Bolzano was the son of two pious Catholics.", "Bernard Bolzano __knowledge__ His father, Bernard Pompeius Bolzano, was an Italian who had moved to Prague, where he married Maria Cecilia Maurer who came from Prague's German-speaking family Maurer.", "Bernard Bolzano __knowledge__ Only two of their twelve children lived to adulthood.", "Nose __knowledge__ Anatomically, a nose is a protuberance in vertebrates that houses the nostrils, or nares, which receive and expel air for respiration alongside the mouth.", "Nose __knowledge__ Behind the nose are the olfactory mucosa and the sinuses.", "Nose __knowledge__ Behind the nasal cavity, air next passes through the pharynx, shared with the digestive system, and then into the rest of the respiratory system.", "Nose __knowledge__ In humans, the nose is located centrally on the face and serves as an alternative respiratory passage especially during suckling for infants.", "Nose __knowledge__ On most other mammals, it is located on the upper tip of the snout.", "Nose __knowledge__ Acting as the first interface between the external environment and an animal's delicate internal lungs, a nose conditions incoming air, both as a function of thermal regulation and filtration during respiration, as well as enabling the sensory perception of smell.", "Smell-O-Vision __knowledge__ Smell-O-Vision was a system that released odor during the projection of a film so that the viewer could \"smell\" what was happening in the movie.", "Smell-O-Vision __knowledge__ The technique was created by Hans Laube and made its only appearance in the 1960 film \"Scent of Mystery\", produced by Mike Todd, Jr., son of film producer Mike Todd.", "Smell-O-Vision __knowledge__ The process injected 30 odors into a movie theater's seats when triggered by the film's soundtrack.", "Smell-O-Vision __knowledge__ The use of scents in conjunction with film dates back to 1906, before the introduction of sound.", "Smell-O-Vision __knowledge__ In this first instance, a 1958 issue of \"Film Daily\" claims that Samuel Roxy Rothafel of the Family Theatre in Forest City, Pennsylvania, placed a wad of cotton wool that had been soaked in rose oil in front of an electric fan during a newsreel about the Rose Bowl Game.", "Vibration theory of olfaction __knowledge__ The Vibration theory of smell proposes that a molecule's smell character is due to its vibrational frequency in the infrared range.", "Vibration theory of olfaction __knowledge__ This controversial theory is an alternative to the more widely accepted shape theory of olfaction, which proposes that a molecule's smell character is due to its molecular size, molecular shape and functional groups.", "Vibration theory of olfaction __knowledge__ The current vibration theory has recently been called the \"swipe card\" model, in contrast with \"lock and key\" models based on shape theory.", "Vibration theory of olfaction __knowledge__ As proposed by Luca Turin, the odorant molecule must first fit in the receptor's binding site.", "Vibration theory of olfaction __knowledge__ Then it must have a vibrational energy mode compatible with the difference in energies between two energy levels on the receptor, so electrons can travel through the molecule via inelastic electron tunneling, triggering the signal transduction pathway.", "Shoe polish __knowledge__ Shoe polish (or boot polish) is a waxy paste, cream, or liquid used to polish, shine, and waterproof leather shoes or boots to extend the footwear's life, and restore, maintain and improve their appearance.", "Shoe polish __knowledge__ Various substances have been used as shoe polish for hundreds of years, starting with natural substances such as wax and tallow.", "Shoe polish __knowledge__ Modern polish formulas were introduced early in the 20th century and many of those original formulations are still in use today.", "Shoe polish __knowledge__ Today, shoe polish is usually made from a mix of natural and synthetic materials, including naphtha, turpentine, dyes, and gum arabic, using straightforward chemical engineering processes.", "List of Deadliest Warrior episodes __knowledge__ This is a list of episodes for \"Deadliest Warrior\".", "List of Deadliest Warrior episodes __knowledge__ \"Deadliest Warrior\" premiered on April 7, 2009 at 10 pm ET.", "List of Deadliest Warrior episodes __knowledge__ Nine one-hour episodes of the show were produced for Season 1.", "List of Deadliest Warrior episodes __knowledge__ Season 1 was released on DVD and Blu-ray on May 11, 2010.", "List of Deadliest Warrior episodes __knowledge__ Apache team: Alan Tafoya (World Champion Knife Fighter), Snake Blocker (U.S. Army Combat Instructor) Apache weapons: Tomahawk, Knife, Bow & Arrow, War Club Apache armor: Rawhide Shield Apache statistics: \"Height:\" 5 feet, 7 inches \"Weight:\" 140 lbs \"Gear Weight:\" 10 pounds Gladiator team: Chris Torres (Ancient Weapons Specialist), Steven Dietrich (Gladiator Combat Instructor), Chuck Liddell (The Iceman) Gladiator weapons: Cestus, Scissor, Trident & Net, Sling, Sica Gladiator armor: Murmillo Helmet, Wooden Shield Gladiator statistics: \"Height:\" 5 feet, 8 inches \"Weight\": 185 lbs \"Gear Weight\": Ranges from 10 lbs to 38 lbs Reenactment 1 The Apache is seen walking in a grassy field.", "Leather subculture __knowledge__ The leather subculture denotes practices and styles of dress organized around sexual activities that involve leather garments, such as leather jackets, vests, boots, chaps, harnesses, or other items.", "Leather subculture __knowledge__ Wearing leather garments is one way that participants in this culture self-consciously distinguish themselves from mainstream sexual cultures.", "Leather subculture __knowledge__ Leather culture is most visible in straight worlds.", "Leather subculture __knowledge__ Many people associate leather culture with BDSM (Bondage/Discipline, Dominance/Submission, Sado/Masochism, also called \"SM\" or \"S&M\") practices and its many subcultures.", "Leather subculture __knowledge__ But for others, wearing black leather clothing is an erotic fashion that expresses heightened masculinity or the appropriation of sexual power; love of motorcycles, motorcycle clubs and independence; and/or engagement in sexual kink or leather fetishism.", "Patent leather __knowledge__ Patent leather is a type of coated leather that has a very glossy, shiny finish.", "Patent leather __knowledge__ The coating process was introduced to the United States and improved by inventor Seth Boyden, of Newark, New Jersey, in 1818, with commercial manufacture beginning September 20, 1819.", "Patent leather __knowledge__ Boyden's process, which he did not patent, used a lacquer coating that was based on linseed oil.", "Patent leather __knowledge__ Modern patent leather usually has a plastic coating.", "Patent leather __knowledge__ In general, patent leather begins as a superior grade of fine grain leather and undergoes a process to achieve the glossy look.", "Patent leather __knowledge__ An early reference to patent leather is in the 1793 British periodical \"The Bee, or Literary Weekly Intelligencer\", which notes, in an article entitled \"Hand's patent leather\", that \"a gentleman of the name of Hand\" in Birmingham, England, obtained a patent for preparing flexible leather having a glaze and polish that renders it impervious to water and need only be wiped with a sponge to restore it to its original luster.", "International Ms. Leather __knowledge__ International Ms. Leather (IMsL) is a leather subculture fetish convention for women, held annually in the United States.", "International Ms. Leather __knowledge__ The first formal International Ms. Leather convention was held in 1987.", "International Ms. Leather __knowledge__ Besides the contest, IMsL continues to evolve as producers change but at the heart of the event is the building a community of Leatherwoman, kinksters, sex geeks, sex positive and empowered women (and those who love them including the growing men of IMsL attendees).", "International Ms. Leather __knowledge__ The weekend runs now runs from Thursday through Sunday night, providing an extended weekend to meet, cruise, and play.", "International Ms. Leather __knowledge__ It takes a staff of 20 and roughly 100 volunteers their time during the weekend itself to run the stage crew, support security and registration, and make sure the weekend happens.", "Fiat 500 (2007) __knowledge__ The Fiat 500 is a two-door, four-passenger, transverse front-engine, front wheel drive A-segment city car manufactured and marketed by the Fiat subdivision of FCA since 2007 in hatchback coupé and fixed-profile cabriolet body styles, over a single generation — and available in European markets beginning with model year 2016 with its first facelift.", "Fiat 500 (2007) __knowledge__ The 500 is internally designated as the \"Type 312\" by FCA.", "Fiat 500 (2007) __knowledge__ Derived from the 2004 Fiat Trepiùno 3+1 concept (designed by Roberto Giolito), the 500's styling recalls Fiat's 1957 Fiat 500, nicknamed the \"Bambino\" — a model that was designed and engineered by Dante Giacosa with more than 4 million sold over its 18-year (1957-1975) production span." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Leather __knowledge__ Leather is a durable and flexible material created by tanning animal rawhide and skin, mostly cattle hide.", "Leather __knowledge__ It can be produced at manufacturing scales ranging from cottage industry to heavy industry.", "Leather __knowledge__ People use leather to make various goods—including clothing (e.g., shoes, hats, jackets, skirts, trousers, and belts), bookbinding, leather wallpaper, and as a furniture covering.", "Leather __knowledge__ It is produced in a wide variety of types and styles, decorated by a wide range of techniques.", "Leather __knowledge__ Several tanning processes transform hides and skins into leather: Leather, usually vegetable-tanned, can be oiled to improve its water resistance.", "Leather __knowledge__ This currying process after tanning supplements the natural oils remaining in the leather itself, which can be washed out through repeated exposure to water.", "Leather __knowledge__ Frequent oiling of leather, with mink oil, neatsfoot oil, or a similar material keeps it supple and improves its lifespan dramatically.", "Leather __knowledge__ In general, leather is produced in the following forms: Today, most leather is made of cattle skin, but many exceptions exist.", "Leather __knowledge__ Lamb and deerskin are used for soft leather in more expensive apparel.", "Leather __knowledge__ Deer and elkskin are widely used in work gloves and indoor shoes.", "Leather __knowledge__ Pigskin is used in apparel and on seats of saddles.", "Tanning (leather) __knowledge__ Tanning is the process of treating skins and hides of animals to produce leather.", "Tanning (leather) __knowledge__ A tannery is the place where the skins are processed.", "Tanning (leather) __knowledge__ Tanning hide into leather involves a process which permanently alters the protein structure of skin, making it more durable and less susceptible to decomposition, and also possibly coloring it.", "Tanning (leather) __knowledge__ Before tanning, the skins are unhaired, degreased, desalted and soaked in water over a period of 6 hours to 2 days.", "Tanning (leather) __knowledge__ Historically this process was considered a noxious or \"odoriferous trade\" and relegated to the outskirts of town.", "Tanning (leather) __knowledge__ Traditionally, tanning used tannin, an acidic chemical compound from which the tanning process draws its name (tannin is in turn named after an old German word for oak or fir trees, from which the compound was derived).", "Sun tanning __knowledge__ Sun tanning or simply tanning is the process whereby skin color is darkened or tanned.", "Sun tanning __knowledge__ It is most often a result of exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from sunlight or from artificial sources, such as a tanning lamp found in indoor tanning beds.", "Sun tanning __knowledge__ People who deliberately tan their skin by exposure to the sun engage in a passive recreational activity of sun bathing.", "Sun tanning __knowledge__ Some people use chemical products which can produce a tanning effect without exposure to ultraviolet radiation, known as sunless tanning.", "Sun tanning __knowledge__ Moderate exposure to the sun contributes to the production of melanin and vitamin D by the body, but excessive exposure to ultraviolet rays has negative health effects, including sunburn and increased risk of skin cancer, as well as depressed immune system function and accelerated aging of the skin.", "Sunless tanning __knowledge__ Sunless tanning, also known as UV filled tanning, self tanning, spray tanning (when applied topically), or fake tanning, refers to the application of chemicals to the skin to produce an effect similar in appearance to a suntan.", "Sunless tanning __knowledge__ The popularity of sunless tanning has risen since the 1960s after health authorities confirmed links between UV exposure (from sunlight or tanning beds) and the incidence of skin cancer.", "Sunless tanning __knowledge__ Since sunscreen absorbs ultraviolet light and prevents it from reaching the skin, it will prevent tanning.", "Sunless tanning __knowledge__ It has been reported that sunscreen with a sun protection factor (SPF) of 8 based on the UVB spectrum can decrease vitamin D synthetic capacity by 95 percent, whereas sunscreen with an SPF of 15 can reduce synthetic capacity by 98 percent.", "Indoor tanning __knowledge__ Indoor tanning involves using a device that emits ultraviolet radiation to produce a cosmetic tan.", "Indoor tanning __knowledge__ Typically found in tanning salons, gyms, spas, hotels, and sporting facilities, and less often in private residences, the most common device is a horizontal tanning bed, also known as a sunbed or solarium.", "Indoor tanning __knowledge__ Vertical devices are known as tanning booths or stand-up sunbeds.", "Indoor tanning __knowledge__ First introduced in the 1920s, indoor tanning became popular with white people in the Western world, particularly in Scandinavia, in the late 1970s.", "Indoor tanning __knowledge__ The practice finds a cultural parallel in skin whitening in Asian countries, and both support multibillion-dollar industries.", "Russia leather __knowledge__ Russia leather is a particular form of bark-tanned cow leather.", "Russia leather __knowledge__ It is distinguished by a later processing step, after tanning, where birch oil is worked into the rear face of the leather.", "Russia leather __knowledge__ This gives a leather that is particularly hard-wearing, flexible and resistant to water.", "Russia leather __knowledge__ The oil impregnation also deterred insect attack.", "Russia leather __knowledge__ The high quality of this leather, its usefulness for a range of purposes, and its manufacture being difficult to replicate elsewhere, led to it being a major export good from Russia in the 17th and 18th centuries.", "Russia leather __knowledge__ It was an important item of trade for the Muscovy Company.", "Russia leather __knowledge__ In German-speaking countries, this leather was also known by the name Juchten or Juften.", "Indoor tanning lotion __knowledge__ Indoor tanning lotions accelerate the tanning process, by promoting the production of melanin.", "Indoor tanning lotion __knowledge__ Increasing blood flow to the skin is a proposed mechanism, which may in turn stimulate production of melanin by melanocytes.", "Indoor tanning lotion __knowledge__ Indoor tanning lotions usually contain no sunscreen and offer no protection from the sun.", "Indoor tanning lotion __knowledge__ Unlike sunless tanning lotions, these are designed for use with an ultraviolet source such as a tanning bed or booth.", "Indoor tanning lotion __knowledge__ Some of the active ingredients found in common tanning lotions include melanin and L-Tyrosine.", "Indoor tanning lotion __knowledge__ Other commonly found ingredients include tea oil, copper (in many different chemical compounds), green tea extract and many other natural oils.", "S. B. Foot Tanning Company __knowledge__ S.B.", "S. B. Foot Tanning Company __knowledge__ Foot Tanning Company is a leather production facility located in Red Wing, Minnesota.", "S. B. Foot Tanning Company __knowledge__ It processes leather for use in the crafting of shoes, boots, belts, and leather accessories.", "S. B. Foot Tanning Company __knowledge__ In 2010, the factory processed nearly 6 million linear feet of hides.", "S. B. Foot Tanning Company __knowledge__ S.B.", "S. B. Foot Tanning Company __knowledge__ Foot Tanning Company is a wholly owned subsidiary of Red Wing Shoes Company, Inc. and is the principal supplier of leather to their shoe manufacturing plants.", "S. B. Foot Tanning Company __knowledge__ The company also supplies over 1.5 million linear feet of leather for use in the production of military footwear per year, extending a tradition that began with World War I, when the tannery supplied boot leathers for the construction of soldier boots.", "Leather production processes __knowledge__ The leather manufacturing process is divided into three sub-processes: preparatory stages, tanning and crusting.", "Leather production processes __knowledge__ All true leathers will undergo these sub-processes.", "Leather production processes __knowledge__ A further sub-process, surface coating may be added into the sequence.", "Leather production processes __knowledge__ The list of operations that leathers undergo vary with the type of leather.", "Leather production processes __knowledge__ The leather making process is in general restricted to batch processing, but if the surface coating sub-process is added then some continuous processing can be included.", "Leather production processes __knowledge__ The operation flow has to follow the preparatory → tanning → crusting → surface coating sub-process order without deviation, but some of the sub-processes can be omitted to make certain leathers (or partially tanned/ untanned products)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Leather __knowledge__ Leather is a durable and flexible material created by tanning animal rawhide and skin, mostly cattle hide.", "Leather __knowledge__ It can be produced at manufacturing scales ranging from cottage industry to heavy industry.", "Leather __knowledge__ People use leather to make various goods—including clothing (e.g., shoes, hats, jackets, skirts, trousers, and belts), bookbinding, leather wallpaper, and as a furniture covering.", "Leather __knowledge__ It is produced in a wide variety of types and styles, decorated by a wide range of techniques.", "Leather __knowledge__ Several tanning processes transform hides and skins into leather: Leather, usually vegetable-tanned, can be oiled to improve its water resistance.", "Leather __knowledge__ This currying process after tanning supplements the natural oils remaining in the leather itself, which can be washed out through repeated exposure to water.", "Leather __knowledge__ Frequent oiling of leather, with mink oil, neatsfoot oil, or a similar material keeps it supple and improves its lifespan dramatically.", "Leather __knowledge__ In general, leather is produced in the following forms: Today, most leather is made of cattle skin, but many exceptions exist.", "Leather __knowledge__ Lamb and deerskin are used for soft leather in more expensive apparel.", "Leather __knowledge__ Deer and elkskin are widely used in work gloves and indoor shoes.", "Leather __knowledge__ Pigskin is used in apparel and on seats of saddles.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The Spirit of the Age (full title \"The Spirit of the Age: Or, Contemporary Portraits\") is a collection of character sketches by the early 19th century English essayist, literary critic, and social commentator William Hazlitt, portraying 25 men, mostly British, whom he believed to represent significant trends in the thought, literature, and politics of his time.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The subjects include thinkers, social reformers, politicians, poets, essayists, and novelists, many of whom Hazlitt was personally acquainted with or had encountered.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ Originally appearing in English periodicals, mostly \"The New Monthly Magazine\" in 1824, the essays were collected with several others written for the purpose and published in book form in 1825.", "Armourer __knowledge__ Historically, an armourer is a person who makes personal armour, especially plate armour.", "Armourer __knowledge__ In modern terms, an armourer is a member of a military or police force who works in an armoury and maintains and repairs small arms and weapons systems, with some duties resembling those of a civilian gunsmith.", "Armourer __knowledge__ With the renewed interest in traditional armour and weaponry, the occupation also involves working with film, stage, and historical and reenactment societies.", "Armourer __knowledge__ Period costumes may require reproduction armour, swords, and related equipment.", "Armourer __knowledge__ Armourers are the oldest trade in the British Army and trace their heritage back several centuries.", "Surströmming __knowledge__ Surströmming (, Swedish for \"sour herring\") is a type of fermented Baltic Sea herring.", "Surströmming __knowledge__ The Baltic herring, known as \"strömming\" in Swedish, is smaller than the Atlantic herring, found in the North Sea.", "Surströmming __knowledge__ Traditionally, the definition of \"strömming\" is \"herring fished in the brackish waters of the Baltic north of the Kalmar Strait\".", "Surströmming __knowledge__ The herring used for surströmming are caught just prior to spawning.", "Surströmming __knowledge__ During production of surströmming, just enough salt is used to prevent the raw herring from rotting.", "Surströmming __knowledge__ A fermentation process of at least six months gives the fish a characteristic strong smell and somewhat acidic taste.", "Dysgeusia __knowledge__ Dysgeusia, also known as parageusia, is a distortion of the sense of taste.", "Dysgeusia __knowledge__ Dysgeusia is also often associated with ageusia, which is the complete lack of taste, and hypogeusia, which is a decrease in taste sensitivity.", "Dysgeusia __knowledge__ An alteration in taste or smell may be a secondary process in various disease states, or it may be the primary symptom.", "Dysgeusia __knowledge__ The distortion in the sense of taste is the only symptom, and diagnosis is usually complicated since the sense of taste is tied together with other sensory systems.", "Dysgeusia __knowledge__ Common causes of dysgeusia include chemotherapy, asthma treatment with albuterol, and zinc deficiency.", "Retronasal smell __knowledge__ Retronasal smell, retronasal olfaction, or mouth smell, is the ability to perceive flavor dimensions of foods and drinks.", "Retronasal smell __knowledge__ Retronasal smell is a sensory modality that produces flavor.", "Retronasal smell __knowledge__ It is best described as a combination of traditional smell (orthonasal smell) and taste modalities.", "Retronasal smell __knowledge__ Retronasal smell creates flavor from smell molecules in foods or drinks shunting up through the nasal passages as one is chewing.", "Retronasal smell __knowledge__ When people use the term \"smell\", they are usually referring to \"orthonasal smell\", or the perception of smell molecules that enter directly through the nose and up the nasal passages.", "Retronasal smell __knowledge__ Retronasal smell is critical for experiencing the \"flavor\" of foods and drinks.", "Mycena arcangeliana __knowledge__ Mycena arcangeliana (commonly known as the angel's bonnet or the late-season bonnet) is a species of Mycenaceae fungus.", "Mycena arcangeliana __knowledge__ It has been known by a number of scientific names, and its taxonomy is still somewhat disputed.", "Mycena arcangeliana __knowledge__ It produces small mushrooms with caps varying in colour from whitish to a darker grey-brown, and stems of an olive-greyish that fade with age.", "Mycena arcangeliana __knowledge__ The mushrooms can be mistaken for the similar \"Mycena flavescens\".", "Mycena arcangeliana __knowledge__ They have a mild taste, but a strong smell of iodoform; they are not edible.", "Mycena arcangeliana __knowledge__ The species grows on dead wood in autumn months, and can be found throughout Europe.", "Mycena arcangeliana __knowledge__ \"Mycena arcangeliana\" was first described by Giacomo Bresadola in 1904; the species was listed along with 41 others found in Pisa, in an article by Egidio Barsali published in the \"Bollettino Della Societa Botanica Italiana\" (\"Bulletin of the Botanical Society of Italy\").", "Chinese cuisine __knowledge__ Chinese cuisine is an important part of Chinese culture, which includes cuisine originating from the diverse regions of China, as well as from Chinese people in other parts of the world.", "Chinese cuisine __knowledge__ Because of the Chinese diaspora and historical power of the country, Chinese cuisine has influenced many other cuisines in Asia, with modifications made to cater to local palates.", "Chinese cuisine __knowledge__ The preference for seasoning and cooking techniques of Chinese provinces depend on differences in historical background and ethnic groups.", "Chinese cuisine __knowledge__ Geographic features including mountains, rivers, forests and deserts also have a strong effect on the local available ingredients, considering climate of China varies from tropical in the south to subarctic in the northeast.", "Noach (parsha) __knowledge__ Noach, Noiach, Nauach, Nauah, or Noah (, Hebrew for the name \"Noah\", the third word, and first distinctive word, of the parashah) is the second weekly Torah portion (, \"parashah\") in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading.", "Noach (parsha) __knowledge__ It constitutes The parashah tells the stories of the Flood and Noah's Ark, of Noah's subsequent drunkenness and cursing of Canaan, and of the Tower of Babel.", "Noach (parsha) __knowledge__ The parashah has the most verses of any weekly Torah portion in the Book of Genesis (but not the most letters or words), and is made up of 6,907 Hebrew letters, 1,861 Hebrew words, and 153 verses, and can occupy about 230 lines in a Torah Scroll (, \"Sefer Torah\").", "Va'etchanan __knowledge__ Va'etchanan ( — Hebrew for \"and I pleaded,\" the first word in the parashah) is the 45th weekly Torah portion (, \"parashah\") in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the second in the Book of Deuteronomy.", "Va'etchanan __knowledge__ It constitutes .", "Va'etchanan __knowledge__ The parashah tells how Moses asked to see the Land of Israel, made arguments to obey the law, recounted setting up the Cities of Refuge, recited the Ten Commandments and the \"Shema\", and gave instructions for the Israelites' conquest of the Land.", "Va'etchanan __knowledge__ The parashah is made up of 7,343 Hebrew letters, 1,878 Hebrew words, 122 verses, and can occupy about 249 lines in a Torah Scroll (, \"Sefer Torah\").", "Sea shanty __knowledge__ A sea shanty, chantey, or chanty is a type of work song that was once commonly sung to accompany labor on board large merchant sailing vessels.", "Sea shanty __knowledge__ The term \"shanty\" most accurately refers to a specific style of work song belonging to this historical repertoire.", "Sea shanty __knowledge__ However, in recent, popular usage, the scope of its definition is sometimes expanded to admit a wider range of repertoire and characteristics, or to refer to a \"maritime work song\" in general.", "Sea shanty __knowledge__ Of uncertain etymological origin, the word \"shanty\" emerged in the mid-19th century in reference to an appreciably distinct genre of work song, developed especially in American-style merchant vessels that had come to prominence in decades prior to the American Civil War.", "Erotic literature __knowledge__ Erotic literature comprises fictional and/or factual stories and accounts of human sexual relationships which have the power to or are intended to arouse the reader sexually.", "Erotic literature __knowledge__ Such erotica takes the form of novels, short stories, poetry, true-life memoirs, and sex manuals.", "Erotic literature __knowledge__ A common feature of the genre is sexual fantasies on such themes as prostitution, orgies, homosexuality, sadomasochism, and many other taboo subjects and fetishes, which may or may not be expressed in explicit language.", "Erotic literature __knowledge__ Other common elements are satire and social criticism.", "Erotic literature __knowledge__ Despite cultural taboos on such material, circulation of erotic literature was not seen as a major problem before the invention of printing, as the costs of producing individual manuscripts limited distribution to a very small group of readers.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring games, sketches, and other comedy routines from the NBC late night talk show \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\", and its predecessor, \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The sketches feature host Jimmy Fallon, house band The Roots, announcer/sidekick Steve Higgins, the show's writers, celebrity guests, and audience members.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Most of the skits below appeared only on \"Late Night\", while some have carried over to the \"Tonight Show\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Every Tuesday on the show, Jimmy weighs the pros and cons of a topic that's currently in the news, with the pros being the setups and the cons being the punchlines.", "Charles George Gordon __knowledge__ Major-General Charles George Gordon CB (28 January 1833 – 26 January 1885), also known as Chinese Gordon, Gordon Pasha, and Gordon of Khartoum, was a British Army officer and administrator.", "Charles George Gordon __knowledge__ He saw action in the Crimean War as an officer in the British Army.", "Charles George Gordon __knowledge__ However, he made his military reputation in China, where he was placed in command of the \"Ever Victorious Army,\" a force of Chinese soldiers led by European officers.", "Charles George Gordon __knowledge__ In the early 1860s, Gordon and his men were instrumental in putting down the Taiping Rebellion, regularly defeating much larger forces.", "Charles George Gordon __knowledge__ For these accomplishments, he was given the nickname \"Chinese Gordon\" and honours from both the Emperor of China and the British." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Leather __knowledge__ Leather is a durable and flexible material created by tanning animal rawhide and skin, mostly cattle hide.", "Leather __knowledge__ It can be produced at manufacturing scales ranging from cottage industry to heavy industry.", "Leather __knowledge__ People use leather to make various goods—including clothing (e.g., shoes, hats, jackets, skirts, trousers, and belts), bookbinding, leather wallpaper, and as a furniture covering.", "Leather __knowledge__ It is produced in a wide variety of types and styles, decorated by a wide range of techniques.", "Leather __knowledge__ Several tanning processes transform hides and skins into leather: Leather, usually vegetable-tanned, can be oiled to improve its water resistance.", "Leather __knowledge__ This currying process after tanning supplements the natural oils remaining in the leather itself, which can be washed out through repeated exposure to water.", "Leather __knowledge__ Frequent oiling of leather, with mink oil, neatsfoot oil, or a similar material keeps it supple and improves its lifespan dramatically.", "Leather __knowledge__ In general, leather is produced in the following forms: Today, most leather is made of cattle skin, but many exceptions exist.", "Leather __knowledge__ Lamb and deerskin are used for soft leather in more expensive apparel.", "Leather __knowledge__ Deer and elkskin are widely used in work gloves and indoor shoes.", "Leather __knowledge__ Pigskin is used in apparel and on seats of saddles.", "Hourman (android) __knowledge__ Hourman (Matthew Tyler) is a fictional character and superhero who was created by Grant Morrison and Howard Porter.", "Hourman (android) __knowledge__ Based upon the Golden Age character Rex Tyler, he first appeared in \"JLA\" #12 (November 1997).", "Hourman (android) __knowledge__ The Hourman of the 853rd century is an android (though he describes himself as an \"intelligent machine colony\") constructed by Tyler Chemorobotics (formerly TylerCo).", "Hourman (android) __knowledge__ Although he is an android, he possesses the full range of emotions and human flaws that an ordinary human does.", "Hourman (android) __knowledge__ Nonetheless, the technology with which he was constructed is far advanced beyond anything conceivable in the 20th century.", "Dud Dudley __knowledge__ Dudd (Dud) Dudley (1600–1684) was an English metallurgist, who fought on the Royalist side in the English Civil War as a soldier, military engineer, and supplier of munitions.", "Dud Dudley __knowledge__ He was one of the first Englishmen to smelt iron ore using coke.", "Dud Dudley __knowledge__ Dudley was the illegitimate son of Edward Sutton, 5th Baron Dudley of Dudley Castle, and grandson of Edward Sutton, 4th Baron Dudley.", "Dud Dudley __knowledge__ Dudd was the fourth of Lord Dudley's eleven children by his 'concubine' Elizabeth, the daughter of William Tomlinson (she died 3 July 1629).", "Dud Dudley __knowledge__ Strictly, he was called Dudd Dudley otherwise Tomlinson.", "Dud Dudley __knowledge__ His eldest brother was Robert Dudley of Netherton Hall.", "Langobardisaurus __knowledge__ Langobardisaurus (, meaning Reptile of Langobardi, in reference to the Long Bearded People, an ancient Italian civilization) is an extinct genus of tanystropheid archosauromorph reptile, with one known species, L. pandolfii.", "Langobardisaurus __knowledge__ Its fossils have been found in Italy and Austria, and it lived during the Late Triassic period, roughly 228 to 201 million years ago.", "Langobardisaurus __knowledge__ The \"Langobardisaurus\" was first discovered by Italian paleontologist Silvio Renesto in 1994 from the Calcare di Zorzino Formation in Northern Italy.", "Langobardisaurus __knowledge__ The \"Langobardisaurus\" was a small reptile with a body size shorter than 50 cm.", "Langobardisaurus __knowledge__ Despite its small size, the \"Langobardisaurus\" featured a long neck with elongate cervical vertebrae featuring low neural spines.", "Carden-Baynes Auxiliary __knowledge__ The Carden-Baynes Auxiliary was the first motor glider with a retractable engine and propeller; it is known as the Abbott-Baynes Scud 3 when engineless.", "Carden-Baynes Auxiliary __knowledge__ Both aircraft, built in the mid-1930s, were still flying in 2010 as pure sailplanes.", "Carden-Baynes Auxiliary __knowledge__ Edward Abbott and Leslie Baynes had already separately designed and built sailplanes when they joined forces in 1931 as Abbott-Baynes Sailplanes to produce Baynes' Scud I and II designs.", "Carden-Baynes Auxiliary __knowledge__ The idea of adding an engine to a sailplane to make it self-launching, but mounted in such a way that propeller and engine could be retracted at altitude to produce an aerodynamically clean glider came from Sir John Carden, who had already collaborated with Abbott and Baynes on other projects.", "Eyemouth __knowledge__ Eyemouth () is a small town and civil parish in Berwickshire, in the Scottish Borders area of Scotland.", "Eyemouth __knowledge__ It is east of the main north-south A1 road and just north of Berwick-upon-Tweed.", "Eyemouth __knowledge__ It has a population of about 3,420 people (2004).", "Eyemouth __knowledge__ The town's name comes from its location at the mouth of the Eye Water.", "Eyemouth __knowledge__ The Berwickshire coastline consists of high cliffs over deep clear water with sandy coves and picturesque harbours.", "Eyemouth __knowledge__ A fishing port Eyemouth holds a yearly Herring Queen Festival.", "Eyemouth __knowledge__ Notable buildings in the town include Gunsgreen House and a cemetery watch-house built to stand guard against the Resurrectionists (body snatchers).", "A Boy and His Blob: Trouble on Blobolonia __knowledge__ A Boy and His Blob: Trouble on Blobolonia is a 1989 video game developed by Imagineering for the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES).", "A Boy and His Blob: Trouble on Blobolonia __knowledge__ The video game was published by Absolute Entertainment in North America and Europe and by Jaleco in Japan.", "A Boy and His Blob: Trouble on Blobolonia __knowledge__ \"A Boy and His Blob\" follows an unnamed, male protagonist and his shapeshifting blob friend on their adventure to save the planet of Blobolonia from the clutches of an evil emperor.", "A Boy and His Blob: Trouble on Blobolonia __knowledge__ \"A Boy and His Blob\" is a platform-puzzle game that puts the player in control of the boy; its gameplay revolves around feeding his blob companion different flavored jelly beans to change its shape into various tools in order to overcome obstacles and traverse the game's world.", "WLAY (AM) __knowledge__ WLAY was a radio station serving the Florence/Muscle Shoals, Alabama, market and was heard at 1450 AM and on a translator at 92.3 on the FM band; it is licensed to the city of Muscle Shoals, Alabama.", "WLAY (AM) __knowledge__ WLAY is owned by URBan Radio Broadcasting and is part of a six-station cluster operated by URBan in northwestern Alabama and southern central Tennessee.", "WLAY (AM) __knowledge__ WLAY is one of the oldest broadcast radio stations in Alabama and the Southern United States.", "WLAY (AM) __knowledge__ It presently airs only music written and recorded in Muscle Shoals.", "WLAY (AM) __knowledge__ In addition, the station broadcasts live concerts in the area and highlights area charitable events.", "Tanning (leather) __knowledge__ Tanning is the process of treating skins and hides of animals to produce leather.", "Tanning (leather) __knowledge__ A tannery is the place where the skins are processed.", "Tanning (leather) __knowledge__ Tanning hide into leather involves a process which permanently alters the protein structure of skin, making it more durable and less susceptible to decomposition, and also possibly coloring it.", "Tanning (leather) __knowledge__ Before tanning, the skins are unhaired, degreased, desalted and soaked in water over a period of 6 hours to 2 days.", "Tanning (leather) __knowledge__ Historically this process was considered a noxious or \"odoriferous trade\" and relegated to the outskirts of town.", "Tanning (leather) __knowledge__ Traditionally, tanning used tannin, an acidic chemical compound from which the tanning process draws its name (tannin is in turn named after an old German word for oak or fir trees, from which the compound was derived).", "Russia leather __knowledge__ Russia leather is a particular form of bark-tanned cow leather.", "Russia leather __knowledge__ It is distinguished by a later processing step, after tanning, where birch oil is worked into the rear face of the leather.", "Russia leather __knowledge__ This gives a leather that is particularly hard-wearing, flexible and resistant to water.", "Russia leather __knowledge__ The oil impregnation also deterred insect attack.", "Russia leather __knowledge__ The high quality of this leather, its usefulness for a range of purposes, and its manufacture being difficult to replicate elsewhere, led to it being a major export good from Russia in the 17th and 18th centuries.", "Russia leather __knowledge__ It was an important item of trade for the Muscovy Company.", "Russia leather __knowledge__ In German-speaking countries, this leather was also known by the name Juchten or Juften.", "Sun tanning __knowledge__ Sun tanning or simply tanning is the process whereby skin color is darkened or tanned.", "Sun tanning __knowledge__ It is most often a result of exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from sunlight or from artificial sources, such as a tanning lamp found in indoor tanning beds.", "Sun tanning __knowledge__ People who deliberately tan their skin by exposure to the sun engage in a passive recreational activity of sun bathing.", "Sun tanning __knowledge__ Some people use chemical products which can produce a tanning effect without exposure to ultraviolet radiation, known as sunless tanning.", "Sun tanning __knowledge__ Moderate exposure to the sun contributes to the production of melanin and vitamin D by the body, but excessive exposure to ultraviolet rays has negative health effects, including sunburn and increased risk of skin cancer, as well as depressed immune system function and accelerated aging of the skin.", "Leather production processes __knowledge__ The leather manufacturing process is divided into three sub-processes: preparatory stages, tanning and crusting.", "Leather production processes __knowledge__ All true leathers will undergo these sub-processes.", "Leather production processes __knowledge__ A further sub-process, surface coating may be added into the sequence.", "Leather production processes __knowledge__ The list of operations that leathers undergo vary with the type of leather.", "Leather production processes __knowledge__ The leather making process is in general restricted to batch processing, but if the surface coating sub-process is added then some continuous processing can be included.", "Leather production processes __knowledge__ The operation flow has to follow the preparatory → tanning → crusting → surface coating sub-process order without deviation, but some of the sub-processes can be omitted to make certain leathers (or partially tanned/ untanned products).", "S. B. Foot Tanning Company __knowledge__ S.B.", "S. B. Foot Tanning Company __knowledge__ Foot Tanning Company is a leather production facility located in Red Wing, Minnesota.", "S. B. Foot Tanning Company __knowledge__ It processes leather for use in the crafting of shoes, boots, belts, and leather accessories.", "S. B. Foot Tanning Company __knowledge__ In 2010, the factory processed nearly 6 million linear feet of hides.", "S. B. Foot Tanning Company __knowledge__ S.B.", "S. B. Foot Tanning Company __knowledge__ Foot Tanning Company is a wholly owned subsidiary of Red Wing Shoes Company, Inc. and is the principal supplier of leather to their shoe manufacturing plants.", "S. B. Foot Tanning Company __knowledge__ The company also supplies over 1.5 million linear feet of leather for use in the production of military footwear per year, extending a tradition that began with World War I, when the tannery supplied boot leathers for the construction of soldier boots.", "Conservation and restoration of leather objects __knowledge__ The conservation and restoration of leather objects is the process of investigating causes of deterioration followed by the best practices of cleaning and restoration to ensure the future protection of leather objects for use or display.", "Conservation and restoration of leather objects __knowledge__ Leather is a highly sought after material due to its resistance to tearing, flexing and puncture.", "Conservation and restoration of leather objects __knowledge__ It is also a good insulator of heat and prevents the passage of air flow.", "Conservation and restoration of leather objects __knowledge__ In order for skins to be turned into leather they must go through the process known as tanning to stabilize the collagen for the duration of the manufacture.", "Conservation and restoration of leather objects __knowledge__ However, leather is unique in that it contains more than just the hide itself." ] ]

[ 24, 5, 16, 0, 3 ]

[ "I do too! I like to polish my leather. It's relaxing for me. How about you?", "Yes, I agree. I wonder if the smell comes from the material or the tanning process.", "Whenever I read a book set earlier than the 20th century, it invariably mentions how badly tanneries smelled.", "I've never smelled the tanning process personally. I love the smell of leather though.", "It's surprising how many items of clothing contain leather. Shoes that appear to be cloth are sometimes actually leather, it seems." ]

[ "Leather", "Leather", "Leather", "Leather", "Leather" ]

[ "Reading (process)\nI love reading! It's the best, I do it at least once a day. What do you think about reading?", "Oh so you are a Shakespeare fan then? I have enjoyed his plays too. I remember having to act them out in school. Which one is your favorite?", "Oh, I actually haven't heard about that play. What happens in it?", "That sounds very interesting, I'll have to look into it. I love books and plays that are historical in nature. I actually just started reading the Pillars of the Earth.", "Thanks. What types of genres do you enjoy besides Shakespeare?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a complex \"cognitive process\" of decoding symbols in order to construct or derive meaning (reading comprehension).", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a means of language acquisition, communication, and of sharing information and ideas.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Like all languages, it is a complex interaction between the text and the reader which is shaped by the reader’s prior knowledge, experiences, attitude, and language community which is culturally and socially situated.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ The reading process requires continuous practice, development, and refinement.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ In addition, reading requires creativity and critical analysis.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Consumers of literature make ventures with each piece, innately deviating from literal words to create images that make sense to them in the unfamiliar places the texts describe.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Because reading is such a complex process, it cannot be controlled or restricted to one or two interpretations.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ There are no concrete laws in reading, but rather allows readers an escape to produce their own products introspectively.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ This promotes deep exploration of texts during interpretation.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Readers use a variety of reading strategies to assist with decoding (to translate symbols into sounds or visual representations of speech) and comprehension.", "Printer driver __knowledge__ In computers, a printer driver or a print processor is a piece of software that converts the data to be printed to the form specific to a printer.", "Printer driver __knowledge__ The purpose of printer drivers is to allow applications to do printing without being aware of the technical details of each printer model.", "Printer driver __knowledge__ Printer drivers should not be confused with print spoolers, that queue print jobs and send them successively to a printer.", "Printer driver __knowledge__ Unix and other Unix-like systems such as Linux and OS X use CUPS (short for Common Unix Printing System), a modular printing system for Unix-like computer operating systems, which allows a computer to act as a print server.", "WordPerfect __knowledge__ WordPerfect (WP) is a word processing application owned by Corel with a long history on multiple personal computer platforms.", "WordPerfect __knowledge__ The program was originally developed under contract at Brigham Young University for use on a Data General minicomputer in 1979.", "WordPerfect __knowledge__ The authors retained the rights to the program, forming Satellite Software International (SSI) to sell it under the name WordPerfect in 1980.", "WordPerfect __knowledge__ A port to MS-DOS followed in 1982 and several greatly updated versions quickly followed.", "WordPerfect __knowledge__ The application's feature list was considerably more advanced than its main competition, WordStar, an established program that originated on CP/M.", "Bereshit (parsha) __knowledge__ Bereshit, Bereishit, Bereishis, B'reshith, Beresheet, or Bereishees ( – Hebrew for \"in the beginning,\" the first word in the parashah) is the first weekly Torah portion (, \"parashah\") in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading.", "Bereshit (parsha) __knowledge__ The parashah consists of In the parashah, God creates the world, and Adam and Eve.", "Bereshit (parsha) __knowledge__ They eat fruit that God had forbidden them, and God expels them from the Garden of Eden.", "Bereshit (parsha) __knowledge__ One of their sons, Cain, becomes the first murderer, killing his brother Abel out of jealousy.", "Bereshit (parsha) __knowledge__ Adam, Eve, and Cain are cast out of paradise to East of Eden.", "Bereshit (parsha) __knowledge__ Adam and Eve have other children, whose descendants populate the Earth, but each generation becomes more and more degenerate until God, despairing, decides to destroy humanity.", "Suicide of Kurt Cobain __knowledge__ On April 8, 1994, Kurt Cobain, the lead singer of the grunge band Nirvana, was found dead at his home, located at 171 Lake Washington Boulevard East in Seattle, Washington.", "Suicide of Kurt Cobain __knowledge__ Forensic analysis at the time determined he had killed himself on April 5.", "Suicide of Kurt Cobain __knowledge__ The Seattle Police Department incident report states: \"Kurt Cobain was found with a shotgun across his body, had a visible head wound and there was a suicide note discovered nearby.\"", "Suicide of Kurt Cobain __knowledge__ The King County Medical Examiner noted puncture wounds on the inside of both the right and left elbow.", "Suicide of Kurt Cobain __knowledge__ Prior to his death, Cobain had checked out of a drug rehabilitation facility and had been reported as suicidal by his wife Courtney Love.", "Rana Dajani __knowledge__ Rana Dajani is a Jordanian molecular biologist and Associate Professor at Hashemite University.", "Rana Dajani __knowledge__ Dajani earned a Ph.D. in molecular biology in 2005 from the University of Iowa.", "Rana Dajani __knowledge__ She has fellowship at the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study at Harvard University, and Eisenhower Fellowship.", "Rana Dajani __knowledge__ Dr. Dajani is a Fulbright scholar alumna, having received two Fulbright awards.", "Rana Dajani __knowledge__ She is a former Yale visiting professor at the Yale stem cell center and visiting Scholar at both University of Cambridge and the Stem Cell Therapy Center, Jordan.", "Rana Dajani __knowledge__ The UK-based \"Muslim Science Magazine\" praised her as one of the most influential women scientists in the Islamic World; and she was ranked #13 among the \"100 Most Powerful Arab Women\" in \"CEO Middle East Magazine\".", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays __knowledge__ Characters of Shakespear's Plays is an 1817 book of criticism of Shakespeare's plays, written by early nineteenth century English essayist and literary critic William Hazlitt.", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays __knowledge__ Composed in reaction to the neoclassical approach to Shakespeare's plays typified by Samuel Johnson, it was among the first English-language studies of Shakespeare's plays to follow the manner of German critic August Wilhelm Schlegel, and, with the work of Samuel Taylor Coleridge, paved the way for the increased appreciation of Shakespeare's genius that was characteristic of later nineteenth-century criticism.", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays __knowledge__ It was also the first book to cover all of Shakespeare's plays, intended as a guide for the general reader.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The Spirit of the Age (full title \"The Spirit of the Age: Or, Contemporary Portraits\") is a collection of character sketches by the early 19th century English essayist, literary critic, and social commentator William Hazlitt, portraying 25 men, mostly British, whom he believed to represent significant trends in the thought, literature, and politics of his time.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The subjects include thinkers, social reformers, politicians, poets, essayists, and novelists, many of whom Hazlitt was personally acquainted with or had encountered.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ Originally appearing in English periodicals, mostly \"The New Monthly Magazine\" in 1824, the essays were collected with several others written for the purpose and published in book form in 1825." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a complex \"cognitive process\" of decoding symbols in order to construct or derive meaning (reading comprehension).", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a means of language acquisition, communication, and of sharing information and ideas.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Like all languages, it is a complex interaction between the text and the reader which is shaped by the reader’s prior knowledge, experiences, attitude, and language community which is culturally and socially situated.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ The reading process requires continuous practice, development, and refinement.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ In addition, reading requires creativity and critical analysis.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Consumers of literature make ventures with each piece, innately deviating from literal words to create images that make sense to them in the unfamiliar places the texts describe.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Because reading is such a complex process, it cannot be controlled or restricted to one or two interpretations.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ There are no concrete laws in reading, but rather allows readers an escape to produce their own products introspectively.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ This promotes deep exploration of texts during interpretation.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Readers use a variety of reading strategies to assist with decoding (to translate symbols into sounds or visual representations of speech) and comprehension.", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays __knowledge__ Characters of Shakespear's Plays is an 1817 book of criticism of Shakespeare's plays, written by early nineteenth century English essayist and literary critic William Hazlitt.", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays __knowledge__ Composed in reaction to the neoclassical approach to Shakespeare's plays typified by Samuel Johnson, it was among the first English-language studies of Shakespeare's plays to follow the manner of German critic August Wilhelm Schlegel, and, with the work of Samuel Taylor Coleridge, paved the way for the increased appreciation of Shakespeare's genius that was characteristic of later nineteenth-century criticism.", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays __knowledge__ It was also the first book to cover all of Shakespeare's plays, intended as a guide for the general reader.", "Shakespeare authorship question __knowledge__ The Shakespeare authorship question is the argument that someone other than William Shakespeare of Stratford-upon-Avon wrote the works attributed to him.", "Shakespeare authorship question __knowledge__ Anti-Stratfordians—a collective term for adherents of the various alternative-authorship theories—believe that Shakespeare of Stratford was a front to shield the identity of the real author or authors, who for some reason did not want or could not accept public credit.", "Shakespeare authorship question __knowledge__ Although the idea has attracted much public interest, all but a few Shakespeare scholars and literary historians consider it a fringe belief, and for the most part acknowledge it only to rebut or disparage the claims.", "BBC Television Shakespeare __knowledge__ The BBC Television Shakespeare is a series of British television adaptations of the plays of William Shakespeare, created by Cedric Messina and broadcast by BBC Television.", "BBC Television Shakespeare __knowledge__ Transmitted in the UK from 3 December 1978 to 27 April 1985, the series spanned seven seasons and thirty-seven episodes.", "BBC Television Shakespeare __knowledge__ Development began in 1975 when Messina saw that the grounds of Glamis Castle would make a perfect location for an adaptation of Shakespeare's \"As You Like It\" for the \"Play of the Month\" series.", "BBC Television Shakespeare __knowledge__ Upon returning to London, however, he had come to envision an entire series devoted exclusively to the dramatic works of Shakespeare.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ Rita Hayworth (born Margarita Carmen Cansino; October 17, 1918May 14, 1987) was an American actress and dancer.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ She achieved fame during the 1940s as one of the era's top stars, appearing in a total of 61 films over 37 years.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ The press coined the term \"The Love Goddess\" to describe Hayworth after she had become the most glamorous screen idol of the 1940s.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ She was the top pin-up girl for GIs during World War II.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ Hayworth is perhaps best known for her performance in the 1946 film noir, \"Gilda\", opposite Glenn Ford, in which she played the \"femme fatale\" in her first major dramatic role.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ Fred Astaire, with whom she made two films, called her his favorite dance partner.", "Henry VI, Part 1 __knowledge__ Henry VI, Part 1, often referred to as 1 Henry VI, is a history play by William Shakespeare, possibly in collaboration with Christopher Marlowe and Thomas Nashe, believed to have been written in 1591 and set during the lifetime of King Henry VI of England.", "Henry VI, Part 1 __knowledge__ Whereas \"Henry VI, Part 2\" deals with the King's inability to quell the bickering of his nobles, and the inevitability of armed conflict, and \"Henry VI, Part 3\" deals with the horrors of that conflict, \"Henry VI, Part 1\" deals with the and the political machinations leading up to the Wars of the Roses, as the English political system is torn apart by personal squabbles and petty jealousy.", "Henry VI, Part 2 __knowledge__ Henry VI, Part 2 (often written as 2 Henry VI) is a history play by William Shakespeare believed to have been written in 1591 and set during the lifetime of King Henry VI of England.", "Henry VI, Part 2 __knowledge__ Whereas \"1 Henry VI\" deals primarily with the and the political machinations leading up to the Wars of the Roses, and \"3 Henry VI\" deals with the horrors of that conflict, \"2 Henry VI\" focuses on the King's inability to quell the bickering of his nobles, the death of his trusted adviser Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, the rise of the Duke of York and the inevitability of armed conflict.", "Henry VI, Part 2 __knowledge__ As such, the play culminates with the opening battle of the War, the First Battle of St Albans.", "William Shakespeare __knowledge__ William Shakespeare (; 26 April 1564 (baptised) – 23 April 1616) was an English poet, playwright and actor, widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist.", "William Shakespeare __knowledge__ He is often called England's national poet and the \"Bard of Avon\".", "William Shakespeare __knowledge__ His extant works, including collaborations, consist of approximately 39 plays, 154 sonnets, two long narrative poems and a few other verses, some of uncertain authorship.", "William Shakespeare __knowledge__ His plays have been translated into every major living language and are performed more often than those of any other playwright.", "William Shakespeare __knowledge__ Shakespeare was born and brought up in Stratford-upon-Avon, Warwickshire.", "Printer driver __knowledge__ In computers, a printer driver or a print processor is a piece of software that converts the data to be printed to the form specific to a printer.", "Printer driver __knowledge__ The purpose of printer drivers is to allow applications to do printing without being aware of the technical details of each printer model.", "Printer driver __knowledge__ Printer drivers should not be confused with print spoolers, that queue print jobs and send them successively to a printer.", "Printer driver __knowledge__ Unix and other Unix-like systems such as Linux and OS X use CUPS (short for Common Unix Printing System), a modular printing system for Unix-like computer operating systems, which allows a computer to act as a print server.", "Oxfordian theory of Shakespeare authorship __knowledge__ The Oxfordian theory of Shakespeare authorship contends that Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford, wrote the plays and poems traditionally attributed to William Shakespeare.", "Oxfordian theory of Shakespeare authorship __knowledge__ Though most literary scholars reject all alternative authorship candidates, including Oxford, popular interest in the Oxfordian theory continues.", "Oxfordian theory of Shakespeare authorship __knowledge__ Since the 1920s, the Oxfordian theory has been the most popular alternative Shakespeare authorship theory.", "Oxfordian theory of Shakespeare authorship __knowledge__ The convergence of documentary evidence of the type used by academics for authorial attribution – title pages, testimony by other contemporary poets and historians, and official records – sufficiently establishes Shakespeare's authorship for the overwhelming majority of Shakespeare scholars and literary historians, and no evidence links Oxford to Shakespeare's works.", "History of the Shakespeare authorship question __knowledge__ \"Note: In compliance with the accepted terminology used within the Shakespeare authorship question, this article uses the term \"Stratfordian\" to refer to the position that William Shakespeare of Stratford-upon-Avon was the primary author of the plays and poems traditionally attributed to him.", "History of the Shakespeare authorship question __knowledge__ The term \"anti-Stratfordian\" is used to refer to the theory that some other author, or authors, wrote the works.\"", "History of the Shakespeare authorship question __knowledge__ Claims that someone other than William Shakespeare of Stratford-upon-Avon wrote the works traditionally attributed to him were first explicitly made in the 19th century.", "History of the Shakespeare authorship question __knowledge__ Many scholars consider that there is no evidence of his authorship ever being questioned prior to then.", "WordPerfect __knowledge__ WordPerfect (WP) is a word processing application owned by Corel with a long history on multiple personal computer platforms.", "WordPerfect __knowledge__ The program was originally developed under contract at Brigham Young University for use on a Data General minicomputer in 1979.", "WordPerfect __knowledge__ The authors retained the rights to the program, forming Satellite Software International (SSI) to sell it under the name WordPerfect in 1980.", "WordPerfect __knowledge__ A port to MS-DOS followed in 1982 and several greatly updated versions quickly followed.", "WordPerfect __knowledge__ The application's feature list was considerably more advanced than its main competition, WordStar, an established program that originated on CP/M.", "Titus Andronicus __knowledge__ Titus Andronicus is a tragedy by William Shakespeare, believed to have been written between 1588 and 1593, probably in collaboration with George Peele.", "Titus Andronicus __knowledge__ It is thought to be Shakespeare's first tragedy, and is often seen as his attempt to emulate the violent and bloody revenge plays of his contemporaries, which were extremely popular with audiences throughout the 16th century.", "Titus Andronicus __knowledge__ The play is set during the latter days of the Roman Empire and tells the fictional story of Titus, a general in the Roman army, who is engaged in a cycle of revenge with Tamora, Queen of the Goths.", "Titus Andronicus __knowledge__ It is Shakespeare's bloodiest and most violent work, and traditionally was one of his least respected plays; although it was extremely popular in its day, by the later 17th century it had fallen out of favour." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a complex \"cognitive process\" of decoding symbols in order to construct or derive meaning (reading comprehension).", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a means of language acquisition, communication, and of sharing information and ideas.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Like all languages, it is a complex interaction between the text and the reader which is shaped by the reader’s prior knowledge, experiences, attitude, and language community which is culturally and socially situated.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ The reading process requires continuous practice, development, and refinement.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ In addition, reading requires creativity and critical analysis.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Consumers of literature make ventures with each piece, innately deviating from literal words to create images that make sense to them in the unfamiliar places the texts describe.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Because reading is such a complex process, it cannot be controlled or restricted to one or two interpretations.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ There are no concrete laws in reading, but rather allows readers an escape to produce their own products introspectively.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ This promotes deep exploration of texts during interpretation.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Readers use a variety of reading strategies to assist with decoding (to translate symbols into sounds or visual representations of speech) and comprehension.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters in the comic book series The Boys, created by Garth Ennis and Darick Robertson.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ The Boys are a CIA black ops team, initially created by Col. Greg Mallory to manage, police, and sometimes liquidate Vought-American's superhumans.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ While this is in part to help protect normal humans from the actions of the largely out of control \"supes,\" this is also to ensure that the company lack the stability or the platform to push the use of superhumans in national defense.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ Over time, however, the team's focus was changed, due to Butcher's increased influence, from one of management and containment to one of direct confrontation.", "List of minor The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy characters __knowledge__ The following is an alphabetical list of the minor characters in the various versions of \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", by Douglas Adams.", "List of minor The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy characters __knowledge__ The descriptions of the characters are accompanied by information on details about appearances and references to the characters.", "List of minor The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy characters __knowledge__ Major characters— Arthur Dent, Ford Prefect, Zaphod Beeblebrox, Marvin the Paranoid Android, Trillian, and Slartibartfast—are separately described.", "List of minor The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy characters __knowledge__ Lists are also available for places in \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", races and species in \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", technology in \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", phrases from \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", and cast lists for \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ Gag Concert () is a Korean sketch-comedy TV show on KBS 2TV network.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ It began airing in September 1999 and is the oldest of South Korea current comedy programs.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ The show is recorded on Wednesdays and airs on KBS 2TV on Sundays at 9:15 PM.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ The show airs with English subtitles after two weeks on KBS World TV on Saturdays at 6:00 PM.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ \"※ As of 7 January 2018\" \"(Korean: 아무말 대잔치, Starring: Jang Kiyeong, Park Yeongjin, Hong Hwon, Shin Jongryeong, Song Junseok)\" The contest that allows you to say anything.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ Contestants usually say the opposite of what one would expect them to say based on the context.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ \"(Korean: 명훈아 명훈아 명훈아, Starring: Jeong Myeonghun, Kim Minkyeong, Oh Nami, Lee Hyeonjeong)\" Three glamorous ladies try to entice Jeong Myeonghun with their charms.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters for the British television and radio sketch show \"Little Britain\" (and its American spin-off, \"Little Britain USA\").", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played By: David Walliams Appearances: Season 3 Alan works for the Donkey Hospice in the town of Achingballs.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ After contributors give him some money, he blatantly places stickers on embarrassing body parts, such as the genital region or breasts and on someone's rear in a deleted scene.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ He makes one appearance in Series 3.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played by: David Walliams Episodes: Radio Show; Season 1, episodes 4 and 5 Catchphrase: \"I love you Anne\" and \"I need you Anne\" Peter Andre is a royal BBC correspondent who gets sacked after first making surreal and false claims about the Royal Family (such as Prince Charles having magical powers, describing The Queen as \"The Main One\" and mistaking Princess Eugenie for her mother, Sarah, Duchess of York) and then expressing his love for Princess Anne through song.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters appearing in the animated series \"Kim Possible\".", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Kimberly Ann \"Kim\" Possible is a crime fighter and high school cheerleading captain who saves the world on a regular basis while dealing with the normal challenges of being a teenager, such as winning cheer competitions, turning in her homework on time, and maintaining a love life.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Her name is a play on the word \"impossible.\"", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Kim has known Ron Stoppable, her sidekick for most missions, since preschool.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ She has also completed missions with Wade, Monique, her brothers, and even her mother.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ In season four, Kim and Ron end up developing romantic feelings for each other and begin dating during their senior year.", "Titus Andronicus __knowledge__ Titus Andronicus is a tragedy by William Shakespeare, believed to have been written between 1588 and 1593, probably in collaboration with George Peele.", "Titus Andronicus __knowledge__ It is thought to be Shakespeare's first tragedy, and is often seen as his attempt to emulate the violent and bloody revenge plays of his contemporaries, which were extremely popular with audiences throughout the 16th century.", "Titus Andronicus __knowledge__ The play is set during the latter days of the Roman Empire and tells the fictional story of Titus, a general in the Roman army, who is engaged in a cycle of revenge with Tamora, Queen of the Goths.", "Titus Andronicus __knowledge__ It is Shakespeare's bloodiest and most violent work, and traditionally was one of his least respected plays; although it was extremely popular in its day, by the later 17th century it had fallen out of favour.", "Themes in Titus Andronicus __knowledge__ Although traditionally Titus Andronicus has been seen as one of Shakespeare's least respected plays, its fortunes have changed somewhat in the latter half of the twentieth century, with numerous scholars arguing that the play is more accomplished than has hitherto been allowed for.", "Themes in Titus Andronicus __knowledge__ In particular, scholars have argued that the play is far more thematically complex than has traditionally been thought, and features profound insights into Ancient Rome, Elizabethan society, and the human condition.", "Themes in Titus Andronicus __knowledge__ Such scholars tend to argue that these previously unacknowledged insights have only become apparent during the twentieth and twenty-first centuries as only now has the ultraviolent content of the play achieved a sense of relevance.", "Bajazet (opera) __knowledge__ Bajazet (; also called \"Il Tamerlano\") is an Italian opera composed by Antonio Vivaldi in 1735.", "Bajazet (opera) __knowledge__ Its libretto was written by Agostino Piovene.", "Bajazet (opera) __knowledge__ It was premiered in Verona, during the Carnival season of that year.", "Bajazet (opera) __knowledge__ This opera (catalog number RV 703) is presented in 3 acts, with a three-movement sinfonia as an introduction.", "Bajazet (opera) __knowledge__ The story is about the fate of Bajazet (known as Beyazid I) after being captured by Tamerlane (Timur Lenk).", "Bajazet (opera) __knowledge__ The famous aria, \"Sposa son disprezzata\" is from this opera.", "Bajazet (opera) __knowledge__ Act I.", "Bajazet (opera) __knowledge__ \"In garden of occupied capital of Bursa, where Tamerlane resides following the defeat of the Turks\".", "Bajazet (opera) __knowledge__ Scene.", "Byzantine–Ottoman wars __knowledge__ The Byzantine–Ottoman wars were a series of decisive conflicts between the Ottoman Turks and Byzantines that led to the final destruction of the Byzantine Empire and the rise of the Ottoman Empire.", "Byzantine–Ottoman wars __knowledge__ In 1204 the Byzantine capital of Constantinople was sacked and occupied by the Fourth Crusaders, an important moment of the Christian East–West Schism.", "Byzantine–Ottoman wars __knowledge__ The Byzantine Empire, already weakened by misrule, was left divided and in chaos.", "Byzantine–Ottoman wars __knowledge__ Taking advantage of the situation, the Seljuk Sultanate of Rum began seizing territory in Western Asia Minor, until the Nicaean Empire was able to repulse the Seljuk Turks from the remaining territories still under Roman rule.", "Authorship of Titus Andronicus __knowledge__ The authorship of \"Titus Andronicus\" has been debated since the late 17th century.", "Authorship of Titus Andronicus __knowledge__ \"Titus Andronicus\", probably written between 1588 and 1593, appeared in three quarto editions from 1594 to 1601 with no named author.", "Authorship of Titus Andronicus __knowledge__ It was first published under William Shakespeare's name in the 1623 First Folio of his plays.", "Authorship of Titus Andronicus __knowledge__ However, as with some of his early and late plays, scholars have long surmised that Shakespeare might have collaborated with another playwright.", "Authorship of Titus Andronicus __knowledge__ Other plays have also been examined for evidence of co-authorship, but none has been as closely scrutinised or as consistently questioned than \"Titus\".", "Byzantine army (Palaiologan era) __knowledge__ The Palaiologan army refers to the military forces of the Byzantine Empire from the late thirteenth century to its final collapse in the mid-fifteenth century, under the House of the Palaiologoi.", "Byzantine army (Palaiologan era) __knowledge__ The army was a direct continuation of the forces of the Nicaean army, which itself was a fractured component of the formidable Komnenian army.", "Byzantine army (Palaiologan era) __knowledge__ Under the first Palaiologan emperor, Michael VIII, the army's role took an increasingly offensive role whilst the naval forces of the empire, weakened since the days of Andronikos I Komnenus, were boosted to include thousands of skilled sailors and some 80 ships.", "Andronicus of Olynthus __knowledge__ Andronicus () of Olynthus was a Macedonian nobleman and general in the 4th century BCE.", "Andronicus of Olynthus __knowledge__ This Andronicus is probably the same as the son of Agerrhus mentioned by Arrian and Diodorus Siculus: that is, the same Andronicus who accompanied Alexander the Great on his expedition in Asia, and was the father of Proteas of Macedon and husband to Lanike.", "Andronicus of Olynthus __knowledge__ If this is indeed the same Andronicus, he would also be the father of two sons, whose names are lost to us now, who died at Miletus in 334 BCE.", "Andronicus of Olynthus __knowledge__ This conflation is unclear, however, and this Andronicus may have been distinct from another Andronicus of Macedon." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a complex \"cognitive process\" of decoding symbols in order to construct or derive meaning (reading comprehension).", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a means of language acquisition, communication, and of sharing information and ideas.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Like all languages, it is a complex interaction between the text and the reader which is shaped by the reader’s prior knowledge, experiences, attitude, and language community which is culturally and socially situated.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ The reading process requires continuous practice, development, and refinement.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ In addition, reading requires creativity and critical analysis.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Consumers of literature make ventures with each piece, innately deviating from literal words to create images that make sense to them in the unfamiliar places the texts describe.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Because reading is such a complex process, it cannot be controlled or restricted to one or two interpretations.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ There are no concrete laws in reading, but rather allows readers an escape to produce their own products introspectively.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ This promotes deep exploration of texts during interpretation.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Readers use a variety of reading strategies to assist with decoding (to translate symbols into sounds or visual representations of speech) and comprehension.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The Spirit of the Age (full title \"The Spirit of the Age: Or, Contemporary Portraits\") is a collection of character sketches by the early 19th century English essayist, literary critic, and social commentator William Hazlitt, portraying 25 men, mostly British, whom he believed to represent significant trends in the thought, literature, and politics of his time.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The subjects include thinkers, social reformers, politicians, poets, essayists, and novelists, many of whom Hazlitt was personally acquainted with or had encountered.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ Originally appearing in English periodicals, mostly \"The New Monthly Magazine\" in 1824, the essays were collected with several others written for the purpose and published in book form in 1825.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Bereshit (parsha) __knowledge__ Bereshit, Bereishit, Bereishis, B'reshith, Beresheet, or Bereishees ( – Hebrew for \"in the beginning,\" the first word in the parashah) is the first weekly Torah portion (, \"parashah\") in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading.", "Bereshit (parsha) __knowledge__ The parashah consists of In the parashah, God creates the world, and Adam and Eve.", "Bereshit (parsha) __knowledge__ They eat fruit that God had forbidden them, and God expels them from the Garden of Eden.", "Bereshit (parsha) __knowledge__ One of their sons, Cain, becomes the first murderer, killing his brother Abel out of jealousy.", "Bereshit (parsha) __knowledge__ Adam, Eve, and Cain are cast out of paradise to East of Eden.", "Bereshit (parsha) __knowledge__ Adam and Eve have other children, whose descendants populate the Earth, but each generation becomes more and more degenerate until God, despairing, decides to destroy humanity.", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays __knowledge__ Characters of Shakespear's Plays is an 1817 book of criticism of Shakespeare's plays, written by early nineteenth century English essayist and literary critic William Hazlitt.", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays __knowledge__ Composed in reaction to the neoclassical approach to Shakespeare's plays typified by Samuel Johnson, it was among the first English-language studies of Shakespeare's plays to follow the manner of German critic August Wilhelm Schlegel, and, with the work of Samuel Taylor Coleridge, paved the way for the increased appreciation of Shakespeare's genius that was characteristic of later nineteenth-century criticism.", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays __knowledge__ It was also the first book to cover all of Shakespeare's plays, intended as a guide for the general reader.", "On the Origin of Species __knowledge__ On the Origin of Species (or more completely, On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life), published on 24 November 1859, is a work of scientific literature by Charles Darwin which is considered to be the foundation of evolutionary biology.", "On the Origin of Species __knowledge__ Darwin's book introduced the scientific theory that populations evolve over the course of generations through a process of natural selection.", "On the Origin of Species __knowledge__ It presented a body of evidence that the diversity of life arose by common descent through a branching pattern of evolution.", "On the Origin of Species __knowledge__ Darwin included evidence that he had gathered on the \"Beagle\" expedition in the 1830s and his subsequent findings from research, correspondence, and experimentation.", "Titus Andronicus __knowledge__ Titus Andronicus is a tragedy by William Shakespeare, believed to have been written between 1588 and 1593, probably in collaboration with George Peele.", "Titus Andronicus __knowledge__ It is thought to be Shakespeare's first tragedy, and is often seen as his attempt to emulate the violent and bloody revenge plays of his contemporaries, which were extremely popular with audiences throughout the 16th century.", "Titus Andronicus __knowledge__ The play is set during the latter days of the Roman Empire and tells the fictional story of Titus, a general in the Roman army, who is engaged in a cycle of revenge with Tamora, Queen of the Goths.", "Titus Andronicus __knowledge__ It is Shakespeare's bloodiest and most violent work, and traditionally was one of his least respected plays; although it was extremely popular in its day, by the later 17th century it had fallen out of favour.", "Themes in Titus Andronicus __knowledge__ Although traditionally Titus Andronicus has been seen as one of Shakespeare's least respected plays, its fortunes have changed somewhat in the latter half of the twentieth century, with numerous scholars arguing that the play is more accomplished than has hitherto been allowed for.", "Themes in Titus Andronicus __knowledge__ In particular, scholars have argued that the play is far more thematically complex than has traditionally been thought, and features profound insights into Ancient Rome, Elizabethan society, and the human condition.", "Themes in Titus Andronicus __knowledge__ Such scholars tend to argue that these previously unacknowledged insights have only become apparent during the twentieth and twenty-first centuries as only now has the ultraviolent content of the play achieved a sense of relevance.", "University Philosophical Society __knowledge__ The University Philosophical Society (UPS), commonly known as The Phil, is a student paper-reading and debating society in Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.", "University Philosophical Society __knowledge__ Founded in 1683, it is often referred to as the oldest student, collegial and paper-reading society in the world.", "University Philosophical Society __knowledge__ The society is based within the Graduates Memorial Building of Trinity College.", "University Philosophical Society __knowledge__ Throughout its long history it has welcomed many prominent guests and some of its most notable members include Ernest Walton, John Butler Yeats, Samuel Beckett, Bram Stoker and Oscar Wilde.", "University Philosophical Society __knowledge__ The Phil's members meet every Thursday during term to discuss a paper, debate a motion or hear an address.", "Culture of ancient Rome __knowledge__ The culture of ancient Rome existed throughout the almost 1200-year history of the civilization of Ancient Rome.", "Culture of ancient Rome __knowledge__ The term refers to the culture of the Roman Republic, later the Roman Empire, which at its peak covered an area from Lowland Scotland and Morocco to the Euphrates.", "Culture of ancient Rome __knowledge__ Life in ancient Rome revolved around the city of Rome, its famed seven hills, and its monumental architecture such as the Colosseum, Trajan's Forum, and the Pantheon.", "Culture of ancient Rome __knowledge__ The city also had several theaters, gymnasia, and many taverns, baths, and brothels.", "Culture of ancient Rome __knowledge__ Throughout the territory under ancient Rome's control, residential architecture ranged from very modest houses to country villas, and in the capital city of Rome, there were imperial residences on the elegant Palatine Hill, from which the word \"palace\" is derived.", "Antony and Cleopatra __knowledge__ Antony and Cleopatra is a tragedy by William Shakespeare.", "Antony and Cleopatra __knowledge__ The play was performed first circa 1607 at the Blackfriars Theatre or the Globe Theatre by the King's Men.", "Antony and Cleopatra __knowledge__ Its first appearance in print was in the Folio of 1623.", "Antony and Cleopatra __knowledge__ The plot is based on Thomas North's translation of Plutarch's \"Lives\" and follows the relationship between Cleopatra and Mark Antony from the time of the Sicilian revolt to Cleopatra's suicide during the Final War of the Roman Republic.", "Antony and Cleopatra __knowledge__ The major antagonist is Octavius Caesar, one of Antony's fellow triumvirs of the Second Triumvirate and the first emperor of the Roman Empire.", "Antony and Cleopatra __knowledge__ The tragedy is mainly set in Rome and Egypt and is characterized by swift shifts in geographical location and linguistic register as it alternates between sensual, imaginative Alexandria and a more pragmatic, austere Rome.", "Ancient Rome __knowledge__ In historiography, ancient Rome refers to the Roman civilization from the founding of the city of Rome in the 8th century BC to the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD, encompassing the Roman Kingdom, Roman Republic and Roman Empire until the fall of the western empire.", "Ancient Rome __knowledge__ The term is sometimes used to just refer to the kingdom and republic periods, excluding the subsequent empire.", "Ancient Rome __knowledge__ The civilization began as an Italic settlement in the Italian peninsula, dating from the 8th century BC, that grew into the city of Rome and which subsequently gave its name to the empire over which it ruled and to the widespread civilisation the empire developed.", "Rome __knowledge__ Rome ( ; , ) is the capital of Italy and a special comune (named \"Comune di Roma Capitale\").", "Rome __knowledge__ Rome also serves as the capital of the Lazio region.", "Rome __knowledge__ With 2,876,051 residents in , it is also the country's most populated comune.", "Rome __knowledge__ It is the fourth-most populous city in the European Union by population within city limits.", "Rome __knowledge__ It is the centre of the Metropolitan City of Rome, which has a population of 4.3 million residents.", "Rome __knowledge__ Rome is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, within Lazio (Latium), along the shores of the Tiber.", "Rome __knowledge__ The Vatican City is an independent country inside the city boundaries of Rome, the only existing example of a country within a city: for this reason Rome has been often defined as capital of two states." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a complex \"cognitive process\" of decoding symbols in order to construct or derive meaning (reading comprehension).", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a means of language acquisition, communication, and of sharing information and ideas.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Like all languages, it is a complex interaction between the text and the reader which is shaped by the reader’s prior knowledge, experiences, attitude, and language community which is culturally and socially situated.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ The reading process requires continuous practice, development, and refinement.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ In addition, reading requires creativity and critical analysis.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Consumers of literature make ventures with each piece, innately deviating from literal words to create images that make sense to them in the unfamiliar places the texts describe.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Because reading is such a complex process, it cannot be controlled or restricted to one or two interpretations.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ There are no concrete laws in reading, but rather allows readers an escape to produce their own products introspectively.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ This promotes deep exploration of texts during interpretation.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Readers use a variety of reading strategies to assist with decoding (to translate symbols into sounds or visual representations of speech) and comprehension.", "English literature __knowledge__ This article is focused on English-language literature rather than the literature of England, so that it includes writers from Scotland, Wales, and the whole of Ireland, as well as literature in English from countries of the former British Empire, including the United States.", "English literature __knowledge__ However, until the early 19th century, it only deals with the literature of the United Kingdom and Ireland.", "English literature __knowledge__ It does not include literature written in the other languages of Britain.", "English literature __knowledge__ The English language has developed over the course of more than 1,400 years.", "English literature __knowledge__ The earliest forms of English, a set of Anglo-Frisian dialects brought to Great Britain by Anglo-Saxon settlers in the fifth century, are called Old English.", "Shakespeare in the Park festivals __knowledge__ Shakespeare in the Park is a term for outdoor festivals featuring productions of William Shakespeare's plays.", "Shakespeare in the Park festivals __knowledge__ The term originated with the New York Shakespeare Festival in New York City's Central Park, originally created by Joseph Papp.", "Shakespeare in the Park festivals __knowledge__ This concept has been adapted by many theatre companies, and over time, this name has expanded to encompass outdoor theatre productions of the playwright's works performed all over the world.", "Shakespeare in the Park festivals __knowledge__ Shakespeare in the Park started as an idea to make theatre available to people of all walks of life, so that it would be as readily available as library books.", "Shakespeare in the Park festivals __knowledge__ The performances are more often than not free admission to the general public, usually presented outdoors as a summer event.", "British literature __knowledge__ British literature is literature in the English language from the United Kingdom, Isle of Man, and Channel Islands.", "British literature __knowledge__ Anglo-Saxon (Old English) literature is included, and there is some discussion of Latin and Anglo-Norman literature, where literature in these languages relate to the early development of the English language and literature.", "British literature __knowledge__ There is also some brief discussion of major figures who wrote in Scots, but the main discussion is in the various Scottish literature articles.", "British literature __knowledge__ The article Literature in the other languages of Britain focusses on the literatures written in the other languages that are, and have been, used in Britain.", "The Bad Education Movie __knowledge__ The Bad Education Movie is a 2015 British comedy film directed by Elliot Hegarty and written by Freddy Syborn and Jack Whitehall.", "The Bad Education Movie __knowledge__ The movie is based on Whitehall's sitcom of the same name, and follows a similar plot-line, with young teacher Alfie Wickers' (Jack Whitehall) ineptly trying to supervise and occasionally educate Form K. Filming for \"The Bad Education Movie\" took place over five weeks, commencing 23 February 2015.", "The Bad Education Movie __knowledge__ The film was theatrically released in the United Kingdom on 21 August 2015 by Entertainment Film Distributors.", "The Bad Education Movie __knowledge__ The film opens with Alfie Wickers (Jack Whitehall) having taken Class K on a school trip to Amsterdam.", "Sonnet 145 __knowledge__ Sonnet 145 one of Shakespeare's sonnets.", "Sonnet 145 __knowledge__ It forms part of the Dark Lady sequence of sonnets.", "Sonnet 145 __knowledge__ It is written as a description of the feelings of a man who is so in love with a woman that hearing her say that \"she hates\" something immediately creates a fear that she is referring to him.", "Sonnet 145 __knowledge__ But then when she notices how much pain she has caused her lover by saying that she may potentially hate him, she changes the way that she says it to assure him that she hates but does not hate him.", "Sonnet 145 __knowledge__ Sonnet 145 is — in most respects — a fairly typical English or Shakespearean sonnet.", "Sonnet 145 __knowledge__ The English sonnet has three quatrains, followed by a final rhyming couplet.", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays __knowledge__ Characters of Shakespear's Plays is an 1817 book of criticism of Shakespeare's plays, written by early nineteenth century English essayist and literary critic William Hazlitt.", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays __knowledge__ Composed in reaction to the neoclassical approach to Shakespeare's plays typified by Samuel Johnson, it was among the first English-language studies of Shakespeare's plays to follow the manner of German critic August Wilhelm Schlegel, and, with the work of Samuel Taylor Coleridge, paved the way for the increased appreciation of Shakespeare's genius that was characteristic of later nineteenth-century criticism.", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays __knowledge__ It was also the first book to cover all of Shakespeare's plays, intended as a guide for the general reader.", "Shakespeare authorship question __knowledge__ The Shakespeare authorship question is the argument that someone other than William Shakespeare of Stratford-upon-Avon wrote the works attributed to him.", "Shakespeare authorship question __knowledge__ Anti-Stratfordians—a collective term for adherents of the various alternative-authorship theories—believe that Shakespeare of Stratford was a front to shield the identity of the real author or authors, who for some reason did not want or could not accept public credit.", "Shakespeare authorship question __knowledge__ Although the idea has attracted much public interest, all but a few Shakespeare scholars and literary historians consider it a fringe belief, and for the most part acknowledge it only to rebut or disparage the claims.", "I Robot (album) __knowledge__ I Robot is the second studio album by the British progressive rock band The Alan Parsons Project, released on 1 June 1977 by Arista Records.", "I Robot (album) __knowledge__ The album draws conceptually on author Isaac Asimov's science fiction \"Robot\" trilogy, exploring philosophical themes regarding artificial intelligence.", "I Robot (album) __knowledge__ It was re-released on CD in 1984 and 2007.", "I Robot (album) __knowledge__ The album was intended to be based on the \"I, Robot\" stories written by Asimov, and Eric Woolfson spoke with Asimov himself, who was enthusiastic about the idea.", "I Robot (album) __knowledge__ As the rights already had been granted to a TV/movie company, the album's title was altered slightly by removing the comma in \"I,\", and the theme and lyrics were made to be more generically about robots rather than to be specific to the Asimov universe.", "Have a nice day __knowledge__ Have a nice day is a commonly spoken expression used to conclude a conversation (whether brief or extensive), or end a message by hoping the person to whom it is addressed experiences a pleasant day.", "Have a nice day __knowledge__ Since it is often uttered by service employees to customers at the end of a transaction, particularly in Israel and the United States, its repetitious and dutiful usage has resulted in the phrase developing, according to some journalists and scholars, especially outside of these two countries, a cultural connotation of impersonality, lack of interest, passive–aggressive behavior, or sarcasm.", "Have a nice day __knowledge__ The phrase is generally not used in Europe, as some find it artificial or even offensive.", "Missing You (The Saturdays song) __knowledge__ \"Missing You\" is a song performed by British-Irish girl group The Saturdays, taken from their first EP, \"Headlines!\".", "Missing You (The Saturdays song) __knowledge__ Written by Alexander Kronlund and Lukas Hilbert with production from Hilbert and James Reynolds, the song was released as the collection's lead single on 8 August 2010 as a digital download and on 9 August as a CD single.", "Missing You (The Saturdays song) __knowledge__ The lyrics centre on being in a relationship where the passion has died, but still being addicted to the love that used to exist.", "Missing You (The Saturdays song) __knowledge__ It features an electropop production, incorporating elements of synthpop.", "Missing You (The Saturdays song) __knowledge__ The group described the song as \"an updated version of their sound\" and was fun to record and experiment with.", "Nice __knowledge__ Nice (, ; Niçard , classical norm, or \"\", nonstandard, ; ; ; ) is the fifth most populous city in France and the capital of the Alpes-Maritimes \"département\".", "Nice __knowledge__ The urban area of Nice extends beyond the administrative city limits, with a population of about 1 million on an area of .", "Nice __knowledge__ Located in the French Riviera, on the south east coast of France on the Mediterranean Sea, at the foot of the Alps, Nice is the second-largest French city on the Mediterranean coast and the second-largest city in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region after Marseille.", "Nice __knowledge__ Nice is about 13 kilometres (8 miles) from the principality of Monaco, and its airport is a gateway to the principality as well.", "Adorn (song) __knowledge__ \"Adorn\" is a song by American singer Miguel, written and recorded as the first single from his second studio album \"Kaleidoscope Dream\" (2012).", "Adorn (song) __knowledge__ It was entirely written and produced by Miguel, who was inspired by his girlfriend and a series of dreams he had prior to writing the song.", "Adorn (song) __knowledge__ \"Adorn\" was released to iTunes on August 7, 2012.", "Adorn (song) __knowledge__ It peaked at number 17 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 and number-one on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, becoming Miguel's most successful single to date.", "Adorn (song) __knowledge__ The song was received positively by critics, being voted the year's second best single in the annual Pazz & Jop poll while earning Miguel three Grammy Award nominations.", "Music of the Final Fantasy Crystal Chronicles series __knowledge__ The \"Final Fantasy Crystal Chronicles\" video game series consists of \"Crystal Chronicles\", a spin-off of the main \"Final Fantasy\" series, its sequels \"\" and \"\", and their spin-offs, \"\", \"\" and \"\".", "Music of the Final Fantasy Crystal Chronicles series __knowledge__ \"Crystal Chronicles\", \"Ring of Fates\", and \"Echoes of Time\" have had released soundtrack albums to date, and \"Crystal Chronicles\" and \"Ring of Fates\" each have an associated single.", "Music of the Final Fantasy Crystal Chronicles series __knowledge__ Kumi Tanioka is the main composer for the series, having composed the three released soundtracks as well as the music for \"My Life as a King\" and \"My Life as a Darklord\".", "Music of the Final Fantasy Crystal Chronicles series __knowledge__ Hidenori Iwasaki is filling that role for \"The Crystal Bearers\".", "National Institute for Health and Care Excellence __knowledge__ The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) is an executive non-departmental public body of the Department of Health in the United Kingdom, which publishes guidelines in four areas: These appraisals are based primarily on evaluations of efficacy and cost–effectiveness in various circumstances.", "National Institute for Health and Care Excellence __knowledge__ It serves both the English NHS and the Welsh NHS.", "National Institute for Health and Care Excellence __knowledge__ It was set up as the National Institute for Clinical Excellence in 1999, and on 1 April 2005 joined with the Health Development Agency to become the new National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (still abbreviated as NICE).", "National Institute for Health and Care Excellence __knowledge__ Following the Health and Social Care Act 2012, NICE was renamed the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence on 1 April 2013 reflecting its new responsibilities for social care, and changed from a special health authority to an Executive Non-Departmental Public Body (ENDPB)." ] ]

[ 39, 0, 55, 0, 41 ]

[ "I love reading too! the first book to cover all of Shakespeare's plays is my all time favorite.", "Tutis Andronicus, it was not one his most respected plays but I do like it. It is also known as one of his bloodiest. ", "It was not thought to be deep but it is very. There are profound views into Ancient Rome and Elizabethan society. ", "Very nice choice. ", "I Robot back from June 1, 1977!" ]

[ "Reading (process)", "Reading (process)", "Reading (process)", "Reading (process)", "Reading (process)" ]

[ "Donna Karan\nso do you know anything about donna Karan?", "so she is a famous fashion designer it sounds like! do you like her designs?", "that is very interesting. I love to learn about the background of famous people", "Wow thats great! I wonder how she got that break?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Donna Karan __knowledge__ Donna Karan (born October 2, 1948), also known as \"DK\", is an American fashion designer and the creator of the Donna Karan New York and DKNY clothing labels.", "Donna Karan __knowledge__ Karan was born Donna Ivy Faske to mother Helen (\"Queenie\") and father Gabby Faske in the Forest Hills neighborhood of the Borough of Queens, New York City.", "Donna Karan __knowledge__ Her family is Jewish.", "Donna Karan __knowledge__ Karan's mother had been a model and had also worked in designer Chester Weinberg's showroom.", "Donna Karan __knowledge__ Her father was a tailor and haberdasher who died when Donna was three years old.", "Donna Karan __knowledge__ Karan and her older sister Gail were raised by their mother in Woodmere, in the Five Towns region of Nassau County, New York.", "Donna Karan __knowledge__ She graduated from Hewlett High School in 1966, and then went to the Parsons School of Design.", "Donna Karan __knowledge__ After leaving college, Karan worked for Anne Klein, eventually becoming head of the Anne Klein design-team, where she remained until 1985, when she launched her Donna Karan label.", "Donna Karan __knowledge__ Karan began her career as an assistant designer with Anne Klein in the late 1960s, where she was promoted to associate designer in 1971.", "Donna Karan __knowledge__ As Klein's assistant, Karan was a participant in The Battle of Versailles Fashion Show on November 28, 1973.", "Donna Karan __knowledge__ When Klein herself died in 1974, Takihyo Corporation of Japan became the new owner and Karan, together with her former classmate and friend Louis Dell'Ollio, became head designer of the house.", "DKNY __knowledge__ DKNY is a New York-based fashion house specializing in fashion goods for men and women, founded in 1984 by Donna Karan.", "DKNY __knowledge__ Karan worked for 15 years at Anne Klein, including 10 as its head designer.", "DKNY __knowledge__ In 1984 Karan and her late husband Stephan Weiss were offered the opportunity to start their own business by the owner of Anne Klein, Takihyo LLC.", "DKNY __knowledge__ The company became a publicly traded venture in 1996.", "DKNY __knowledge__ In 2001 it was purchased by the French conglomerate corporation LVMH (Louis Vuitton Moët Hennessy).", "DKNY __knowledge__ In 2015 Donna Karan left as chief designer at Donna Karan International, to focus on her Urban Zen brand and Urban Zen Foundation philanthropy.", "Anne Klein __knowledge__ Anne Klein (August 3, 1923 – March 19, 1974) was an American fashion designer who founded her own women's sportswear and apparel label.", "Anne Klein __knowledge__ Klein was born as Hannah Golofski to a Jewish family in Brooklyn, New York on August 3, 1923.", "Anne Klein __knowledge__ She studied art at Girls' Commercial High School in Brooklyn and later went to the Traphagen School of Design in New York City from 1937 to 1938 to study fashion.", "Anne Klein __knowledge__ She married her first husband, Ben Klein, in the early 1940s, and together they founded Junior Sophisticates – a clothing company which completely transformed the clothing styles, choices, and attitudes of young American women.", "Peter Speliopoulos __knowledge__ Peter Speliopoulos, born in 1961 in Springfield, Massachusetts, is an American fashion designer.", "Peter Speliopoulos __knowledge__ Speliopoulos studied fashion at Parsons School of Design in New York and graduated with a BFA in 1981.", "Peter Speliopoulos __knowledge__ Speliopoulos is best friends with fashion designer Isaac Mizrahi who also attended Parsons.", "Peter Speliopoulos __knowledge__ His first job as a fashion designer was as assistant stylist with Laura Biagiotti in Rome in 1982.", "Peter Speliopoulos __knowledge__ He then worked briefly at the French couture house of Christian Dior and later for New York sportswear designer Gloria Sachs whose label went out of business in 1992.", "Peter Speliopoulos __knowledge__ In 1985, Speliopoulos was named creative director at Carolyne Roehm Inc., a New York fashion house that had been created in 1984.", "Catherine McNeil __knowledge__ Catherine McNeil (born 20 March, 1989) is an Australian fashion model.", "Catherine McNeil __knowledge__ At fourteen years old, she won a model search contest hosted by \"Girlfriend\".", "Catherine McNeil __knowledge__ \"Vogue Paris\" declared her as one of the top 30 models of the 2000s.", "Catherine McNeil __knowledge__ McNeil's modeling career soared to prominence in 2007.", "Catherine McNeil __knowledge__ She has been featured in advertisements for D&G, Versace, Donna Karan, and Jean Paul Gaultier.", "Catherine McNeil __knowledge__ She has appeared on the covers of French \"Vogue\", Australian \"Vogue\", \"V\", and French Revue de Modes ' McNeil appeared in many high-profile runway shows for the Fall/Winter 2007 season, including Shiatzy Chen, Balenciaga, Christian Dior, Fendi, Roberto Cavalli, Valentino, Versace, Louis Vuitton and Yves Saint Laurent.", "Yahaaan Main Ghar Ghar Kheli __knowledge__ Yahan Main Ghar Ghar Kheli (English: \"I've Spent My Childhood Here\"), produced by Rajshri Productions, was an Indian dramatic serial that aired on Zee TV Monday to Friday evenings.", "Yahaaan Main Ghar Ghar Kheli __knowledge__ It was well received, and stopped running on air in July 2012. Notable actors Zarina Wahab, Zahida Parveen, Alok Nath, and Smita Jaykar acted in this serial as well.", "Yahaaan Main Ghar Ghar Kheli __knowledge__ Yahan Main Ghar Ghar Kheli is the story of palatial mansion set in Ujjain called Swarn Bhawan (meaning: The house of gold) and the families that are involved with it.", "Yahaaan Main Ghar Ghar Kheli __knowledge__ Swarn Bhawan has been passed down the Thakur family and in this time Thakur Uday Pratap Singh, his wife, Thakurain Chandra Prabha, their eldest son, Swarn Prakash, their eldest daughter Swarn Lata and their youngest daughter Swarn Abha reside in Swarn Bhawan.", "Ovarian Cancer Research Fund __knowledge__ Ovarian Cancer Research Fund (OCRF) was founded in December, 1994, as the Ann Schreiber Ovarian Cancer Research Fund by Sol Schreiber in memory of his wife, Ann, who died of ovarian cancer.", "Ovarian Cancer Research Fund __knowledge__ The organization later became the Ovarian Cancer Research Fund.", "Ovarian Cancer Research Fund __knowledge__ In 1997, Liz Tilberis, editor-in-chief of Harpers Bazaar and also battling ovarian cancer, became the organization’s first president.", "Ovarian Cancer Research Fund __knowledge__ Liz, with help from Donna Karan, started OCRF’s signature fundraiser, Super Saturday, hosting the first one in 1998 in the Hamptons in New York.", "Ovarian Cancer Research Fund __knowledge__ The first Super Saturday raised $200,000, and today raises over $3.5 million annually." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Donna Karan __knowledge__ Donna Karan (born October 2, 1948), also known as \"DK\", is an American fashion designer and the creator of the Donna Karan New York and DKNY clothing labels.", "Donna Karan __knowledge__ Karan was born Donna Ivy Faske to mother Helen (\"Queenie\") and father Gabby Faske in the Forest Hills neighborhood of the Borough of Queens, New York City.", "Donna Karan __knowledge__ Her family is Jewish.", "Donna Karan __knowledge__ Karan's mother had been a model and had also worked in designer Chester Weinberg's showroom.", "Donna Karan __knowledge__ Her father was a tailor and haberdasher who died when Donna was three years old.", "Donna Karan __knowledge__ Karan and her older sister Gail were raised by their mother in Woodmere, in the Five Towns region of Nassau County, New York.", "Donna Karan __knowledge__ She graduated from Hewlett High School in 1966, and then went to the Parsons School of Design.", "Donna Karan __knowledge__ After leaving college, Karan worked for Anne Klein, eventually becoming head of the Anne Klein design-team, where she remained until 1985, when she launched her Donna Karan label.", "Donna Karan __knowledge__ Karan began her career as an assistant designer with Anne Klein in the late 1960s, where she was promoted to associate designer in 1971.", "Donna Karan __knowledge__ As Klein's assistant, Karan was a participant in The Battle of Versailles Fashion Show on November 28, 1973.", "Donna Karan __knowledge__ When Klein herself died in 1974, Takihyo Corporation of Japan became the new owner and Karan, together with her former classmate and friend Louis Dell'Ollio, became head designer of the house.", "History of fashion design __knowledge__ The history of fashion design refers to the development of the fashion industry which designs clothing and accessories.", "History of fashion design __knowledge__ The modern industry, based around firms or fashion houses run by individual designers, started in the 19th century with Charles Frederick Worth who was the first designer to have his label sewn into the garments that he created.", "History of fashion design __knowledge__ Couture beginnings.", "History of fashion design __knowledge__ Rose Bertin (July 2, 1747 – September 22, 1813) was the dressmaker to Marie Antoinette, Queen of France.", "History of fashion design __knowledge__ Sometimes called sarcastically the \"Minister of Fashion\", she opened a shop in Paris and had a considerable influence on Parisian style, until this was drastically changed by the French Revolution, from which she fled into exile to London for some years.", "AMC Hornet __knowledge__ The AMC Hornet is a compact automobile which was manufactured and marketed by the American Motors Corporation (AMC) in a single generation from model years 1970 through 1977.", "AMC Hornet __knowledge__ The Hornet replaced the compact Rambler American marking the end of the Rambler marque in the American and Canadian markets.", "AMC Hornet __knowledge__ Hornets were also marketed in foreign markets, as well as assembled under license agreements with AMC that included Vehículos Automotores Mexicanos (VAM), Australian Motor Industries (AMI), and by Toyota S.A. Ltd. in South Africa.", "AMC Hornet __knowledge__ The new Hornet became an important vehicle and platform for AMC.", "AMC Hornet __knowledge__ It served the company in one form or another for eighteen years, until the 1988 model year.", "Anna Sui __knowledge__ Anna Sui (Traditional Chinese: 蕭志美, Simplified: 萧志美, pinyin: Xiāo Zhìměi, Japanese: アナスイ) (born August 4, 1952) is an American fashion designer from Detroit.", "Anna Sui __knowledge__ She was named one of the \"Top 5 Fashion Icons of the Decade\" and in 2009 earned the Geoffrey Beene Lifetime Achievement Award from the Council of Fashion Designers of America (CFDA), joining the ranks of Yves Saint Laurent, Giorgio Armani, Ralph Lauren, and Diane von Furstenberg.", "Anna Sui __knowledge__ Her brand categories include several fashion lines, footwear, cosmetics, fragrances, eyewear, jewelry, accessories, home goods and a gifts line.", "Anna Sui __knowledge__ Anna Sui products are sold through her free-standing stores and distributors around the world in over 50 countries.", "Linda Evangelista __knowledge__ Linda Evangelista (born May 10, 1965) is a Canadian model.", "Linda Evangelista __knowledge__ She is regarded as one of the most accomplished and influential models of all time, and has been featured on over 700 magazine covers.", "Linda Evangelista __knowledge__ Evangelista is primarily known for being the longtime muse of photographer Steven Meisel, as well as for coining the phrase \"We don't wake up for less than $10,000 a day.\"", "Linda Evangelista __knowledge__ She holds the record for her multiple appearances on the cover of \"Vogue Italia\", all of which were photographed by Meisel.", "Linda Evangelista __knowledge__ Evangelista's modeling career began in 1984 when she signed with Elite Model Management after having moved from her native Canada to New York City.", "Art Deco __knowledge__ Art Deco, sometimes referred to as Deco, is a style of visual arts, architecture and design that first appeared in France just before World War I.", "Art Deco __knowledge__ Art Deco influenced the design of buildings, furniture, jewelry, fashion, cars, movie theatres, trains, ocean liners, and everyday objects such as radios and vacuum cleaners.", "Art Deco __knowledge__ It took its name, short for \"Arts Décoratifs\", from the Exposition Internationale des Arts Décoratifs et Industriels Modernes (International Exhibition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts) held in Paris in 1925.", "Art Deco __knowledge__ It combined modernist styles with fine craftsmanship and rich materials.", "Norman Norell __knowledge__ Norman David Levinson (April 20, 1900 – October 25, 1972) known professionally as Norman Norell, was an American fashion designer famed for his elegant gowns, suits, and tailored silhouettes.", "Norman Norell __knowledge__ His designs for the Traina-Norell and Norell fashion houses became famous for their detailing, simple, timeless designs, and tailored construction.", "Norman Norell __knowledge__ By the mid-twentieth century Norell dominated the American fashion industry and in 1968 he became the first American fashion designer to launch his own brand of perfume.", "Norman Norell __knowledge__ Born in Noblesville, Indiana, Norell arrived in New York City in 1919, studied fashion illustration and fashion design at Parsons School of Design and Pratt Institute, and began his career designing costumes for silent-film stars.", "List of recurring characters in The Suite Life of Zack &amp; Cody __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring and minor characters in the Disney Channel Original Series The Suite Life of Zack & Cody.", "List of recurring characters in The Suite Life of Zack &amp; Cody __knowledge__ These characters were regularly rotated, often disappearing for long periods during the series.", "List of recurring characters in The Suite Life of Zack &amp; Cody __knowledge__ The following list of characters has been sorted alphabetically, by first name.", "List of recurring characters in The Suite Life of Zack &amp; Cody __knowledge__ Some of the characters had no last name and most were commonly referred to by their first name so this appeared to be the most logical method.", "List of recurring characters in The Suite Life of Zack &amp; Cody __knowledge__ In the case of Chef Paolo, who had no known first name, they have been listed by title.", "List of recurring characters in The Suite Life of Zack &amp; Cody __knowledge__ Arwin Quentin Hawkhauser (played by Brian Stepanek) – Arwin is a wacky Greek-American inventor who works as a stationary engineer for the Tipton.", "DKNY __knowledge__ DKNY is a New York-based fashion house specializing in fashion goods for men and women, founded in 1984 by Donna Karan.", "DKNY __knowledge__ Karan worked for 15 years at Anne Klein, including 10 as its head designer.", "DKNY __knowledge__ In 1984 Karan and her late husband Stephan Weiss were offered the opportunity to start their own business by the owner of Anne Klein, Takihyo LLC.", "DKNY __knowledge__ The company became a publicly traded venture in 1996.", "DKNY __knowledge__ In 2001 it was purchased by the French conglomerate corporation LVMH (Louis Vuitton Moët Hennessy).", "DKNY __knowledge__ In 2015 Donna Karan left as chief designer at Donna Karan International, to focus on her Urban Zen brand and Urban Zen Foundation philanthropy.", "Andre Charles (artist) __knowledge__ Andre Pierre Charles (born 1968) is an American artist born in Brooklyn, New York and raised in the Bronx.", "Andre Charles (artist) __knowledge__ Charles is best known as a 1980s pioneer of the New York City graffiti art movement and for his influence on New York City nightclub and youth culture.", "Andre Charles (artist) __knowledge__ Charles began tagging on the streets of the Bronx at age 12 and had his own studio on the Grand Concourse (Bronx) at age 18, known as \"The Zone\".", "Andre Charles (artist) __knowledge__ The large studio whose name was based on his alias, \"Zone\" became a gathering place for young graffiti artists in the mid 1980s.", "Andre Charles (artist) __knowledge__ It was from there that Charles would extend his reach from the trains and walls of the Bronx to creating memorial walls for friends and neighbors.", "Islamic fashion __knowledge__ Islamic fashion as a phenomenon stemmed from the combination of a set of Islamic practices (in which the need to cover a specific set of body parts is present) and of the rising need and desire to include these specific clothing items in a broader fashion industry.", "Islamic fashion __knowledge__ The global growth of “an Islamic consumer sector, which explicitly forges links between religiosity and fashion, encouraging Muslims to be both covered and fashionable, modest and beautiful,” is relatively young: Islamic Fashion as a particular phenomenon started appearing toward the 1980s.", "Islamic fashion __knowledge__ The most recent developments in the field have caused a varied public discourse on a series of different levels, from the political, to the religious, to the cultural.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Plus-size clothing __knowledge__ Plus Size Clothing is clothing proportioned specifically for people whose bodies are larger than the average person's.", "Plus-size clothing __knowledge__ The application of the term varies from country to country, and according to which industry the person is involved in.", "Plus-size clothing __knowledge__ According to \"PLUS Model\" magazine; \"In the fashion industry, plus size is identified as sizes 10-14, super size as sizes 1X-6X and extended size as 7X and up\".", "Plus-size clothing __knowledge__ The article continues \"Susan Barone [...] shared, 'Plus sizes are sizes 14W - 24W.", "Plus-size clothing __knowledge__ Super sizes and extended sizes are used interchangeably for sizes 26W and above.", "Plus-size clothing __knowledge__ Sometimes the size 26W is included in plus size'.\"", "Hilary Duff __knowledge__ Hilary Erhard Duff (born September 28, 1987) is an American actress and singer-songwriter.", "Hilary Duff __knowledge__ Duff began her acting career at a young age, and quickly became labeled a teen idol as the title character of the Disney Channel comedy series \"Lizzie McGuire\" (2001–2004).", "Hilary Duff __knowledge__ The series proved to be a hit, leading to a film adaptation of the series to be released.", "Hilary Duff __knowledge__ Duff began working on numerous projects with the Disney Channel, including the film \"Cadet Kelly\" (2002).", "Hilary Duff __knowledge__ She later began work on an album, releasing the Christmas themed \"Santa Claus Lane\" (2002) through Walt Disney Records.", "Hilary Duff __knowledge__ Upon signing with Hollywood Records, Duff began working on her second studio album, \"Metamorphosis\" (2003)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Donna Karan __knowledge__ Donna Karan (born October 2, 1948), also known as \"DK\", is an American fashion designer and the creator of the Donna Karan New York and DKNY clothing labels.", "Donna Karan __knowledge__ Karan was born Donna Ivy Faske to mother Helen (\"Queenie\") and father Gabby Faske in the Forest Hills neighborhood of the Borough of Queens, New York City.", "Donna Karan __knowledge__ Her family is Jewish.", "Donna Karan __knowledge__ Karan's mother had been a model and had also worked in designer Chester Weinberg's showroom.", "Donna Karan __knowledge__ Her father was a tailor and haberdasher who died when Donna was three years old.", "Donna Karan __knowledge__ Karan and her older sister Gail were raised by their mother in Woodmere, in the Five Towns region of Nassau County, New York.", "Donna Karan __knowledge__ She graduated from Hewlett High School in 1966, and then went to the Parsons School of Design.", "Donna Karan __knowledge__ After leaving college, Karan worked for Anne Klein, eventually becoming head of the Anne Klein design-team, where she remained until 1985, when she launched her Donna Karan label.", "Donna Karan __knowledge__ Karan began her career as an assistant designer with Anne Klein in the late 1960s, where she was promoted to associate designer in 1971.", "Donna Karan __knowledge__ As Klein's assistant, Karan was a participant in The Battle of Versailles Fashion Show on November 28, 1973.", "Donna Karan __knowledge__ When Klein herself died in 1974, Takihyo Corporation of Japan became the new owner and Karan, together with her former classmate and friend Louis Dell'Ollio, became head designer of the house.", "Famous People Players __knowledge__ Famous People Players is a black light puppetry theatre company.", "Famous People Players __knowledge__ It is based in Toronto, Ontario, Canada and tours worldwide.", "Famous People Players __knowledge__ It is a non-profit organization which employs people with physical and intellectual disabilities.", "Famous People Players __knowledge__ Those individuals share duties in dining room management, arts administration, and theatrical and visual arts performances.", "Famous People Players __knowledge__ Since inception, the company has paid homage to the works of famous people within its own theatrical context, hence the name \"Famous People\" Players.", "Famous People Players __knowledge__ As a result of the increasing popularity of Famous People Players, the company was featured as regulars on CBC Television's 1976-1977 variety series, \"The Wolfman Jack Show\"; the network also later produced and aired \"Carnival of the Animals\".", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The culture of the United Kingdom is influenced by the UK's history as a developed island country, a liberal democracy and a major power; its predominantly Christian religious life; and its composition of four countries—England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland—each of which has distinct customs, cultures and symbolism.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The wider culture of Europe has also influenced British culture, and Humanism, Protestantism and representative democracy developed from broader Western culture.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ British literature, music, cinema, art, theatre, comedy, media, television, philosophy, architecture and education are important aspects of British culture.", "Koolaids: The Art of War __knowledge__ Koolaids: The Art of War is a novel by Rabih Alameddine, an author and painter who lives in both San Francisco and Beirut.", "Koolaids: The Art of War __knowledge__ He grew up in the Middle East, in Kuwait and Lebanon.", "Koolaids: The Art of War __knowledge__ Published in 1998, \"Koolaids\" is Alameddine's first novel.", "Koolaids: The Art of War __knowledge__ The majority of the story takes place in San Francisco and Beirut, the sites of two very different \"wars\".", "Koolaids: The Art of War __knowledge__ San Francisco from the mid-1980s into the 1990s is the main site of the AIDS epidemic, especially among the gay community, while Beirut is the site of a brutal civil war.", "Koolaids: The Art of War __knowledge__ The novel deals with issues such as the AIDS epidemic, sex, the Lebanese civil war, death, and the meaning of life.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Taare Zameen Par __knowledge__ Taare Zameen Par (titled Like Stars on Earth internationally) is a 2007 Indian drama film produced and directed by Aamir Khan.", "Taare Zameen Par __knowledge__ The film explores the life and imagination of Ishaan, an 8-year-old dyslexic child.", "Taare Zameen Par __knowledge__ Although he excels in art, his poor academic performance leads his parents to send him to a boarding school.", "Taare Zameen Par __knowledge__ Ishaan's new art teacher suspects that he is dyslexic and helps him to overcome his disability.", "Taare Zameen Par __knowledge__ Darsheel Safary stars as 8-year-old Ishaan, and Khan plays his art teacher.", "Taare Zameen Par __knowledge__ Creative director and writer Amole Gupte initially developed the idea with his wife Deepa Bhatia, who served as the film's editor.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Dennis Michael Miller (born November 3, 1953) is an American stand-up comedian, talk show host, political commentator, sports commentator, actor, and television and radio personality.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He rose as a cast member of \"Saturday Night Live\" in 1985, and subsequently hosted a string of his own talk shows on HBO, CNBC, and in syndication.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ From 2007 to 2015, Miller hosted a daily, three-hour, self-titled talk radio program, nationally syndicated by Westwood One.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He is known for his critical assessments of current events, laced with pop culture references and delivered in an idiosyncratic verbal style.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Miller is listed as 21st on Comedy Central's 100 greatest stand up comedians of all time, and was ranked as the best host of SNL's \"Weekend Update\" by Vulture.com.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ This article contains brief biographies for characters from Terry Pratchett's \"Discworld\" series.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ This list consists of human characters.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ For biographies of noted members of the Discworld's \"ethnic minorities\" (dwarfs, trolls, undead (Discworld), etc.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ ), see the specific articles for those races.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ Some character biographies are also listed in articles relating to the organisations they belong to.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ For further Discworld character biographies, see the table below.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ Characters are listed alphabetically by name.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ The daughter of Robert Dearheart, founder of the Grand Trunk Semaphore Company, and sister of the murdered John Dearheart, Adora Belle Dearheart (featured in \"Going Postal\", \"Making Money\" and \"Raising Steam\") is cynical, angry, and a heavy smoker (so memorably heavy that Moist, needing to find her, considered looking for a large plume of smoke coming from houses in the area, but ultimately asked a tobacconist), although it is also noted that she looks extremely good in a very plain gray dress.", "W. R. Mitchell __knowledge__ William Reginald \"Bill\" Mitchell MBE (15 January 1928 – 7 October 2015) was a British writer who was the editor of \"Dalesman\" magazine for twenty years and over a sixty-year period has written over 200 books, hundreds of articles, and delivered many talks on the history and physical and natural evolution of North Britain, with particular emphasis on The Yorkshire Dales, Lancashire and The Lake District.", "W. R. Mitchell __knowledge__ These include biographies, social history, topography, and natural history of the regions.", "W. R. Mitchell __knowledge__ In the course of his career Mitchell has made and collected many taped interviews with people of these regions - now housed at the Universities of Leeds and Bradford - representing a unique archive of dialect and history.", "Nevada-class battleship __knowledge__ The two s were the first Standard-type battleships produced by the U.S. Navy, and also the first to use triple main turrets.", "Nevada-class battleship __knowledge__ and were both ordered in March 1911.", "Nevada-class battleship __knowledge__ In armament, armor, and propulsion the \"Nevada\" class represented a considerable evolution in battleship design and, in being designed specifically to fight at extreme gunnery ranges, was actually well ahead of its time.", "Nevada-class battleship __knowledge__ They would be followed by the s. The standard type design was maintained until after WWI including the ship classes , , and .", "Nevada-class battleship __knowledge__ All of these ships shared the following design features: four main turrets, \"all or nothing\" armor scheme including significant deck armor and completely oil-fired propulsion.", "History of baseball team nicknames __knowledge__ This is a summary of the evolution of nicknames of the current Major League Baseball teams, and also of selected former major and minor league teams whose nicknames were influential, long-lasting, or both.", "History of baseball team nicknames __knowledge__ The sources of the nicknames included club names, team colors, and city symbols.", "History of baseball team nicknames __knowledge__ The nicknames have sometimes been dubbed by the media, other times through conscious marketing by the team, or sometimes a little of both.", "History of baseball team nicknames __knowledge__ \"See also Team names and colors\" Athletic teams have long used colors and nicknames as a form of team identity.This echoes the use of colors and nicknames in other activities such as heraldry, the military, and the flags of nations.", "Origins of baseball __knowledge__ The question of the origins of baseball has been the subject of debate and controversy for more than a century.", "Origins of baseball __knowledge__ Baseball and the other modern bat, ball and running games, cricket and rounders, were developed from folk games in early Britain and Continental Europe (such as France and Germany).", "Origins of baseball __knowledge__ Early forms of baseball had a number of names, including \"base ball\", \"goal ball\", \"round ball\", \"fetch-catch\", \"stool ball\", and, simply, \"base\".", "Origins of baseball __knowledge__ In at least one version of the game, teams pitched to themselves, runners went around the bases in the opposite direction of today's game, and players could be put out by being hit with the ball.", "Hull Pals __knowledge__ The Hull Pals were a brigade of four battalions of the East Yorkshire Regiment (the \"East Yorks\") raised as part of Kitchener's Army in 1914.", "Hull Pals __knowledge__ They served in 31st Division at Serre on the first day of the Battle of the Somme in 1916, though they escaped the worst of the disaster.", "Hull Pals __knowledge__ However, they suffered heavy casualties in the same area later in the year, and again at Oppy Wood in early 1917.", "Hull Pals __knowledge__ They continued to serve on the Western Front for the rest of the war, including hard fighting against the German Spring Offensive and in the final Hundred Days Offensive.", "Hull Pals __knowledge__ On 6 August 1914, less than 48 hours after Britain's declaration of war, Parliament sanctioned an increase of 500,000 men for the Regular Army, and on 11 August the newly appointed Secretary of State for War, Field Marshal Earl Kitchener of Khartoum, issued his famous call to arms: \"Your King and Country Need You\", urging the first 100,000 volunteers to come forward.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ Usher Raymond IV (born October 14, 1978), is an American singer, songwriter, dancer and actor.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He was born in Dallas, Texas, but raised in Chattanooga, Tennessee until moving to Atlanta, Georgia.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ At the age of 12, his mother put him in local singing competitions, before catching the attention of a music A&R from LaFace Records.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ In 1994, he released his self-titled debut album, \"Usher\".", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He rose to fame in the late 1990s with the release of his second album \"My Way\" (1997), which spawned his first U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 number-one single, \"Nice & Slow\", amongst top-two singles \"You Make Me Wanna...\" and \"My Way\".", "Avro York __knowledge__ The Avro York was a British transport aircraft developed by Avro during the Second World War.", "Avro York __knowledge__ The design was derived from the famed Avro Lancaster heavy bomber that was being produced at the time for the Royal Air Force (RAF); several sections of the York and Lancaster being identical.", "Avro York __knowledge__ Due to priority being placed on the Lancaster instead, production of the York proceeded at a slow pace until 1944, after which a higher priority was placed upon transport aircraft.", "Avro York __knowledge__ The York saw service in both military and civilian roles with various operators between 1943 and 1964.", "Avro York __knowledge__ In civilian service, British South American Airways (BSAA) and British Overseas Airways Corporation (BOAC) were the largest users of the type." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Donna Karan __knowledge__ Donna Karan (born October 2, 1948), also known as \"DK\", is an American fashion designer and the creator of the Donna Karan New York and DKNY clothing labels.", "Donna Karan __knowledge__ Karan was born Donna Ivy Faske to mother Helen (\"Queenie\") and father Gabby Faske in the Forest Hills neighborhood of the Borough of Queens, New York City.", "Donna Karan __knowledge__ Her family is Jewish.", "Donna Karan __knowledge__ Karan's mother had been a model and had also worked in designer Chester Weinberg's showroom.", "Donna Karan __knowledge__ Her father was a tailor and haberdasher who died when Donna was three years old.", "Donna Karan __knowledge__ Karan and her older sister Gail were raised by their mother in Woodmere, in the Five Towns region of Nassau County, New York.", "Donna Karan __knowledge__ She graduated from Hewlett High School in 1966, and then went to the Parsons School of Design.", "Donna Karan __knowledge__ After leaving college, Karan worked for Anne Klein, eventually becoming head of the Anne Klein design-team, where she remained until 1985, when she launched her Donna Karan label.", "Donna Karan __knowledge__ Karan began her career as an assistant designer with Anne Klein in the late 1960s, where she was promoted to associate designer in 1971.", "Donna Karan __knowledge__ As Klein's assistant, Karan was a participant in The Battle of Versailles Fashion Show on November 28, 1973.", "Donna Karan __knowledge__ When Klein herself died in 1974, Takihyo Corporation of Japan became the new owner and Karan, together with her former classmate and friend Louis Dell'Ollio, became head designer of the house.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha Lee is a fictional character in the BBC soap opera \"Doctors\", played by Laura Rollins.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha was introduced as a Practice Nurse at The Mill by Peter Eryl Lloyd.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ She made her first appearance on Tuesday 30 September 2014.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Since her arrival in the show Ayesha has faced storylines including an on off relationship with Sid Vere, having a troubled relationship with Tyler Green, dealing with her mother Bren's alcohol and later drug addiction, being attacked by Ike and supporting Valerie Pittman through her Cancer scare.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha first arrives at \"The Mill\" as a replacement for Mandy Marquez, she is almost immediately attracted to new doctor Sid Vere.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ Wonder Woman is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character is a founding member of the Justice League, goddess, and Ambassador-at-Large of the Amazon people.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character first appeared in \"All Star Comics\" #8 in October 1941 and first cover-dated on \"Sensation Comics\" #1, January 1942.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ In her homeland, the island nation of Themyscira, her official title is Princess Diana of Themyscira, Daughter of Hippolyta.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ When blending into the society outside of her homeland, she adopts her civilian identity Diana Prince.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character is also referred to by such epithets as the \"Amazing Amazon\", the \"Spirit of Truth\", \"Themyscira's Champion\", the \"God-killer\", and the \"Goddess of Love and War\".", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "Daddy Wouldn't Buy Me a Bow Wow __knowledge__ \"Daddy Wouldn’t Buy Me a Bow Wow\" is a song written in 1892 by prolific English songwriter Joseph Tabrar.", "Daddy Wouldn't Buy Me a Bow Wow __knowledge__ It was written for, and first performed in 1892 by, Vesta Victoria at the South London Palace, holding a kitten.", "Daddy Wouldn't Buy Me a Bow Wow __knowledge__ The same year it was recorded by Silas Leachman for the North American Phonograph Co. of Chicago (Talking Machine Company of Chicago/Chicago Talking Machine).", "Daddy Wouldn't Buy Me a Bow Wow __knowledge__ In 1895 Toulouse-Lautrec painted May Belfort singing it.", "Daddy Wouldn't Buy Me a Bow Wow __knowledge__ The comedian Arthur Roberts also had success in the 1890s with the song.", "Daddy Wouldn't Buy Me a Bow Wow __knowledge__ The song featured in the 1934 musical movie \"Evergreen\", sung by Jessie Matthews, and was also revived after World War II.", "Anne Klein __knowledge__ Anne Klein (August 3, 1923 – March 19, 1974) was an American fashion designer who founded her own women's sportswear and apparel label.", "Anne Klein __knowledge__ Klein was born as Hannah Golofski to a Jewish family in Brooklyn, New York on August 3, 1923.", "Anne Klein __knowledge__ She studied art at Girls' Commercial High School in Brooklyn and later went to the Traphagen School of Design in New York City from 1937 to 1938 to study fashion.", "Anne Klein __knowledge__ She married her first husband, Ben Klein, in the early 1940s, and together they founded Junior Sophisticates – a clothing company which completely transformed the clothing styles, choices, and attitudes of young American women.", "Parsons School of Design __knowledge__ Parsons School of Design, known colloquially as Parsons, is a private art and design college located in the Greenwich Village neighborhood of Lower Manhattan in New York City.", "Parsons School of Design __knowledge__ It is one of the five colleges of The New School.", "Parsons School of Design __knowledge__ The school is widely regarded as one of the most prestigious art and design schools in the world and ranks consistently among the top art and design schools in the United States.", "Parsons School of Design __knowledge__ The school was founded in 1896 by William Merritt Chase in search of individualistic artistic expression.", "Parsons School of Design __knowledge__ It was the first of its kind in the country to offer programs in fashion design, advertising, interior design, and graphic design.", "Patrick Robinson (fashion designer) __knowledge__ Patrick Robinson is an American fashion designer who has worked for Giorgio Armani, Anne Klein, Perry Ellis, Paco Rabanne and Gap.", "Patrick Robinson (fashion designer) __knowledge__ A graduate from Parsons School of Design, Robinson has been a member of the Council of Fashion Designers of America (CFDA) since 1994 and was named one of \"Vogue\"'s 100 rising stars.", "Patrick Robinson (fashion designer) __knowledge__ During his 5-year tenure at Armani, he managed to turn the brand's ailing \"Giorgio Armani Collezioni\" line profitable.", "Patrick Robinson (fashion designer) __knowledge__ He would later help Gap in its turn around.", "Patrick Robinson (fashion designer) __knowledge__ Robinson was born on September 8, 1966, in Memphis, Tennessee.", "Patrick Robinson (fashion designer) __knowledge__ He grew up in Orange County and Los Angeles, and attended a highschool in Fullerton, CA and worked a part-time job at the department store Nordstrom at the Cerritos mall.", "Isabel Toledo __knowledge__ Isabel Toledo (born April 9, 1961) is a Cuban-American fashion designer based in New York City.", "Isabel Toledo __knowledge__ Isabel Toledo was born in Cuba and moved to West New York, New Jersey.", "Isabel Toledo __knowledge__ Where she attended high school and met her future husband and collaborator, Ruben Toledo in 1975, whom she married in 1984.", "Isabel Toledo __knowledge__ She attended the Fashion Institute of Technology (NY) and Parsons School of Design (NY) where she studied painting, ceramics, and fashion design.", "Isabel Toledo __knowledge__ An avid seamstress from a young age, Toledo's work reflects not only a distinct design sense but a keen understanding of garment construction and appreciation for the geometric intricacies of pattern shapes.", "George W. Hewlett High School __knowledge__ George W. Hewlett High School (commonly known as Hewlett High School, and replacing Woodmere High School) is a four-year public high school in Hewlett, New York, which is a part of the Five Towns area of the South Shore of Long Island.", "George W. Hewlett High School __knowledge__ The school is the only high school in the Hewlett-Woodmere School District (District 14).", "George W. Hewlett High School __knowledge__ As of the 2014-15 school year, the school had an enrollment of 1,043 students and 90.3 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 11.6:1.", "George W. Hewlett High School __knowledge__ There were 127 students (12.2% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 59 (5.7% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch.", "Parsons Paris (2013) __knowledge__ Parsons Paris is a degree-granting school of art and design in the 1st arrondissement of Paris, France.", "Parsons Paris (2013) __knowledge__ It is the European branch campus of Parsons School of Design and part of The New School, a comprehensive university in New York City.", "Parsons Paris (2013) __knowledge__ Parsons Paris currently offers bachelor's and master's degree programs, as well as study-abroad and summer programs that reflect several core areas of study at Parsons School of Design in New York.", "Parsons Paris (2013) __knowledge__ These programs include: Students make full use of the setting in Paris and Europe by connecting with local creative practitioners, cultural and civic organizations and events such as Musée des Arts Décoratifs, the Maison et Objet design trade show, and Paris Fashion Week." ] ]

[ 1, 6, 7, 8 ]

[ "Yeah she was born in the USA in 1948. She is the creator of DKNY clothing labels.", "Yeah her designs are quite good. She is an impressive artist who came from humble beginnings. she was raised by a single mother in New Yorks.", "She graduated from Hewlett High School and then went to the Parsons School of Design. She was lucky enough after college to work for anne klein.", "I'm not sure how she got the break, but apparently they saw she had promise and eventually she became head of the Anne Klein design team." ]

[ "Donna Karan", "Donna Karan", "Donna Karan", "Donna Karan" ]

[ "Hiking", "I go hiking all the time. Where have you gone hiking?", "Where is that located?", "That makes sense. Is there any good hiking on the Canadian side of Niagara?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hiking __knowledge__ Hiking is the preferred term, in Canada and the United States, for a long, vigorous walk, usually on trails (footpaths), in the countryside, while the word walking is used for shorter, particularly urban walks.", "Hiking __knowledge__ On the other hand, in the United Kingdom, and the Republic of Ireland, the word \"walking\" is acceptable to describe \"all forms\" of walking, whether it is a walk in the park or backpacking in the Alps.", "Hiking __knowledge__ The word hiking is also often used in the UK, along with rambling (a slightly old-fashioned term), hillwalking, and fell walking (a term mostly used for hillwalking in northern England).", "Hiking __knowledge__ The term bushwalking is endemic to Australia, having been adopted by the Sydney Bush Walkers club in 1927.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In New Zealand a long, vigorous walk or hike is called tramping.", "Hiking __knowledge__ It is a popular activity with numerous worldwide, and studies suggest that all forms of walking have health benefits.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In the United States, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, and United Kingdom, hiking means walking outdoors on a trail, or off trail, for recreational purposes.", "Hiking __knowledge__ A day hike refers to a hike that can be completed in a single day.", "Hiking __knowledge__ However, in the United Kingdom, the word walking is also used, as well as rambling, while walking in mountainous areas is called hillwalking." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hiking __knowledge__ Hiking is the preferred term, in Canada and the United States, for a long, vigorous walk, usually on trails (footpaths), in the countryside, while the word walking is used for shorter, particularly urban walks.", "Hiking __knowledge__ On the other hand, in the United Kingdom, and the Republic of Ireland, the word \"walking\" is acceptable to describe \"all forms\" of walking, whether it is a walk in the park or backpacking in the Alps.", "Hiking __knowledge__ The word hiking is also often used in the UK, along with rambling (a slightly old-fashioned term), hillwalking, and fell walking (a term mostly used for hillwalking in northern England).", "Hiking __knowledge__ The term bushwalking is endemic to Australia, having been adopted by the Sydney Bush Walkers club in 1927.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In New Zealand a long, vigorous walk or hike is called tramping.", "Hiking __knowledge__ It is a popular activity with numerous worldwide, and studies suggest that all forms of walking have health benefits.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In the United States, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, and United Kingdom, hiking means walking outdoors on a trail, or off trail, for recreational purposes.", "Hiking __knowledge__ A day hike refers to a hike that can be completed in a single day.", "Hiking __knowledge__ However, in the United Kingdom, the word walking is also used, as well as rambling, while walking in mountainous areas is called hillwalking.", "Harzer Wandernadel __knowledge__ The Harzer Wandernadel (literally: \"Harz Walking Badge\") is a hiking network and associated system of hiking awards in the Harz mountains in central Germany.", "Harzer Wandernadel __knowledge__ The hiker (or mountain biker) can earn awards at different levels of challenge by walking to the various checkpoints in the network and stamping his or her passbook to record the visit.", "Harzer Wandernadel __knowledge__ With 222 checkpoints in three federal states and across five districts in the Harz and with membership in five figures, the system has gained a following Germany-wide.", "Harzer Wandernadel __knowledge__ The idea of the \"Wandernadel\" (\"hiking badge\") is to give those holidaying in the Harz a worthwhile goal to achieve and encourage them to stay for longer or return.", "Luethi-Peterson Camps __knowledge__ Founded in 1948 by Natalie Luethi-Peterson, the Luethi-Peterson Camps (LPC) are non-profit, co-ed summer camps in different countries, that aim to foster international understanding by bringing together kids from a variety of cultural backgrounds.", "Luethi-Peterson Camps __knowledge__ Officially, its stated purpose is to \"be a project based upon the conviction that understanding is essential to peace and that such understanding can be best realized through personal friendship and mutual respect which such friendship engenders.\"", "Luethi-Peterson Camps __knowledge__ Using crafts, sports, music and language study as vehicles, LPC emphasizes self-government, guiding campers to take responsibility for themselves and their community.", "Hungarian verbs __knowledge__ This page is about verbs in Hungarian grammar.", "Hungarian verbs __knowledge__ There is basically only one pattern for verb endings, with predictable variations dependent on the phonological context.", "Hungarian verbs __knowledge__ The lemma or citation form is always the third person singular indefinite present.", "Hungarian verbs __knowledge__ This usually has a ∅ suffix, e.g.", "Hungarian verbs __knowledge__ \"kér\" (\"ask\", \"have a request\").", "Hungarian verbs __knowledge__ A slight variation to the standard pattern is with certain verbs which have third person singular indefinite present ending with \"-ik\", e.g.", "Hungarian verbs __knowledge__ \"dolgozik\" (\"work\"), and 1st singular indefinite present usually with \"-om/-em/-öm\".", "Hungarian verbs __knowledge__ The stem for this is reached by removing \"-ik\".", "Hungarian verbs __knowledge__ These verbs explain the reason for this form being the citation form.", "Salut D'Amour (TV series) __knowledge__ Salut D'Amour (; lit.", "Salut D'Amour (TV series) __knowledge__ Love Greeting), despite its French name, is a South Korean television series that aired on KBS2 from November 1, 1994 to April 25, 1995 for a total of twenty five episodes.", "Salut D'Amour (TV series) __knowledge__ The theme of \"Salut D'Amour\", unlike later versions, are not interconnected to one another by episode.", "Salut D'Amour (TV series) __knowledge__ Each episode contains a separate but closely related theme.", "Salut D'Amour (TV series) __knowledge__ The Episode starts with a documentary show on Korea during the war, Korea during the year he was born in (1975)-riots and crowded streets in South Korea.", "Salut D'Amour (TV series) __knowledge__ The narrator talked about the population census taken on September 18, 1995.", "Salut D'Amour (TV series) __knowledge__ The population stood at 37,680,000 male and female sex ratio (1740:1124, males to females), as well as family events in 1982.", "Disappearance of Tiffany Daniels __knowledge__ At 4:43 p.m. on August 12, 2013, Tiffany Daniels (born March 11, 1988, Dallas, Texas) left her job as a theater technician at Pensacola State College in Pensacola, Florida.", "Disappearance of Tiffany Daniels __knowledge__ She told her supervisor that she would not be returning for a few days, but did not say why.", "Disappearance of Tiffany Daniels __knowledge__ Although she returned home briefly shortly afterwards, her housemate was busy with a telephone conversation and did not see her.", "Disappearance of Tiffany Daniels __knowledge__ She has not been seen since.", "Disappearance of Tiffany Daniels __knowledge__ Because she had told her supervisor she would be taking time off, Daniels was not reported missing until the end of the week, after she had failed to return to work.", "Disappearance of Tiffany Daniels __knowledge__ Her friends and family were unaware of any plans she might have made that would explain her absence.", "Mystery of Love __knowledge__ \"Mystery of Love\" is a song written, produced, and recorded by American singer-songwriter Sufjan Stevens.", "Mystery of Love __knowledge__ It was self-released digitally, under license to Madison Gate Records and Sony Classical, on December 1, 2017.", "Mystery of Love __knowledge__ It is an acoustic song that is featured in the 2017 film \"Call Me by Your Name\".", "Mystery of Love __knowledge__ The film's director, Luca Guadagnino, approached the singer to contribute to the film as a narrator, but Stevens declined and agreed to record an original song instead.", "Mystery of Love __knowledge__ Stevens was granted full creative control during the songwriting process and received inspiration from the film's script and André Aciman's novel of the same name.", "Lisa the Greek __knowledge__ \"Lisa the Greek\" is the fourteenth episode of \"The Simpsons\"' third season.", "Lisa the Greek __knowledge__ It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on January 23, 1992.", "Lisa the Greek __knowledge__ In the episode, Homer begins to bond with his daughter, Lisa, after learning her unique and convenient ability to pick winning football teams, but, secretly, uses her ability to help him gamble.", "Lisa the Greek __knowledge__ When Lisa finds out Homer's secret, she refuses to speak to her father until he fully understands her.", "Lisa the Greek __knowledge__ \"Lisa the Greek\" was written by Jay Kogen and Wallace Wolodarsky, and directed by Rich Moore.", "Lisa the Greek __knowledge__ The episode was designed to satirize the \"Simpsons\" staff members' \"love affair with gambling, particularly on football.\"", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ Hi-5 are an Australian children's musical group formed in 1998, who are associated with the children's television series of the same name.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ As of December 2016, the members are Lachie Dearing, Courtney Clarke, Shay Clifford, Joe Kalou and Bailey Spalding.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The group is aimed at preschoolers, composed of five performers who entertain and educate children through music, movement and play.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ \"Hi-5\" was created by Helena Harris and Posie Graeme-Evans, initially a television series for the Nine Network, which premiered in 1999.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The cast of the show became a recognised musical group for children.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The original members were Kellie Crawford, Kathleen de Leon Jones, Nathan Foley, Tim Harding and Charli Robinson.", "Hi-MD __knowledge__ In January 2004, Sony announced the Hi-MD media storage format as a further development of the MiniDisc format.", "Hi-MD __knowledge__ With its release in later 2004, came the ability to use newly developed, high-capacity 1 gigabyte Hi-MD discs, sporting the same dimensions as regular MiniDiscs.", "Hi-MD __knowledge__ The Hi-MD format can be considered obsolete as the last recorder/player was discontinued in 2011.", "Hi-MD __knowledge__ The discs themselves were withdrawn from sale in September 2012, though regular MiniDiscs are still available ().", "Hi-MD __knowledge__ Hi-MD offers the choice of several codecs for audio recording: PCM, Hi-SP and Hi-LP, each selectable on the Hi-MD Walkman itself.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ The 2009–10 season is Sunderland's third consecutive season in the top division of English football, the Premier League.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Ricky Sbragia was replaced by Steve Bruce in the close season.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ His aim is to improve on the club's 16th position the previous season.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Darren Bent was the top scorer in the Premier League with 24 goals.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Andy Reid was the top scorer in the League Cup with two goals.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Fraizer Campbell was the top scorer in the FA Cup with two goals.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Darren Bent was the top scorer in all competitions with 25 goals.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ At the end of the season, Darren Bent won both the club's official Player of the Season and the SAFC Supporters' Association awards.", "Hi-5 (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ Hi-5 is an Australian children's television series, originally produced by Kids Like Us and later Southern Star for the Nine Network and created by Helena Harris and Posie Graeme-Evans.", "Hi-5 (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ The program is known for its educational content, and for the cast of the program, who became a recognised musical group for children outside of the series, known collectively as Hi-5.", "Hi-5 (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ It has generated discussion about what is considered appropriate television for children.", "Hi-5 (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ The series premiered in April 1999 on the Nine Network.", "Hi-5 (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ The series is designed for a pre-school audience, featuring five performers who educate and entertain through music, movement and play.", "Freedom to roam __knowledge__ The freedom to roam, or \"everyman's right\", is the general public's right to access certain public or privately owned land for recreation and exercise.", "Freedom to roam __knowledge__ The right is sometimes called the right of public access to the wilderness or the \"right to roam\".", "Freedom to roam __knowledge__ In Scotland, the Nordic countries of Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden, the Baltic countries of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania and the Central European countries of Austria, Czech Republic and Switzerland, the freedom to roam takes the form of general public rights which are sometimes codified in law.", "Freedom to roam __knowledge__ The access is ancient in parts of Northern Europe and has been regarded as sufficiently basic that it was not formalised in law until modern times.", "Hi-hat __knowledge__ A hi-hat, also spelled hihat or high-hat, is a combination of two cymbals, a foot-operated pedal which moves a rod which in turn moves one of the cymbals, all mounted on a metal stand.", "Hi-hat __knowledge__ Hihats are an essential part of the standard drum kit used by drummers in many popular music (e.g.", "Hi-hat __knowledge__ every genre of rock music) and traditional music (e.g.", "Hi-hat __knowledge__ blues) styles.", "Hi-hat __knowledge__ It consists of a mating pair of small to medium-sized cymbals mounted on a stand, with the two cymbals facing each other.", "Hi-hat __knowledge__ The bottom cymbal is fixed and the top is mounted on a rod which moves the top cymbal towards the bottom one when a foot pedal is depressed (a hihat that is in this position is said to be \"closed\" or \"closed hihats\").", "The Mountaineers (club) __knowledge__ The Mountaineers is an outdoor recreation, education, and conservation 501(c)(3) nonprofit based in Seattle, Washington, founded in 1906.", "The Mountaineers (club) __knowledge__ It has 7 branches in Western Washington, 3 mountain lodges, and 2 program centers, one in Magnuson Park in Seattle, and one in Tacoma.", "The Mountaineers (club) __knowledge__ All classes and trips are organized and led by volunteers, and includes activities like hiking, climbing, scrambling, navigation skills, first aid, photography, sailing, kayaking, and skiing, as well as community activities like film festivals and potlucks.", "The Mountaineers (club) __knowledge__ The Mountaineers also publishes books, ebooks and guides on outdoor education, recreation and conservation." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hiking __knowledge__ Hiking is the preferred term, in Canada and the United States, for a long, vigorous walk, usually on trails (footpaths), in the countryside, while the word walking is used for shorter, particularly urban walks.", "Hiking __knowledge__ On the other hand, in the United Kingdom, and the Republic of Ireland, the word \"walking\" is acceptable to describe \"all forms\" of walking, whether it is a walk in the park or backpacking in the Alps.", "Hiking __knowledge__ The word hiking is also often used in the UK, along with rambling (a slightly old-fashioned term), hillwalking, and fell walking (a term mostly used for hillwalking in northern England).", "Hiking __knowledge__ The term bushwalking is endemic to Australia, having been adopted by the Sydney Bush Walkers club in 1927.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In New Zealand a long, vigorous walk or hike is called tramping.", "Hiking __knowledge__ It is a popular activity with numerous worldwide, and studies suggest that all forms of walking have health benefits.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In the United States, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, and United Kingdom, hiking means walking outdoors on a trail, or off trail, for recreational purposes.", "Hiking __knowledge__ A day hike refers to a hike that can be completed in a single day.", "Hiking __knowledge__ However, in the United Kingdom, the word walking is also used, as well as rambling, while walking in mountainous areas is called hillwalking.", "Industry in Syracuse, New York __knowledge__ Manufacturing and industry in Syracuse, New York proliferated from the late 1870s through the early 20th century, a period known as the Industrial Revolution.", "Industry in Syracuse, New York __knowledge__ The Central New York area was home to a multitude of manufacturers in the late 19th century through the mid-1960s which produced a great era of prosperity for the city.", "Industry in Syracuse, New York __knowledge__ During the early 1900s, some 87 large industries were scattered throughout the city of Syracuse.", "Industry in Syracuse, New York __knowledge__ The principal businesses were located along Erie Boulevard and the city line and around the shore of Onondaga Lake and manufactured goods such as typewriters, candles, pottery, gears, electrical and air-conditioning equipment, traffic signals, plated silverware, window fixtures for trains, cast stone building blocks, clothes-pressing machines, and doorknobs.", "Fictional locations in Thomas &amp; Friends __knowledge__ The television series \"Thomas & Friends\" is mostly set on the fictional Island of Sodor.", "Fictional locations in Thomas &amp; Friends __knowledge__ The children's books the series is based on, The Railway Series by Rev.", "Fictional locations in Thomas &amp; Friends __knowledge__ W. Awdry and his son Christopher features a slightly different set of locations.", "Fictional locations in Thomas &amp; Friends __knowledge__ This lists each and every town and local village located across the Island of Sodor, served by the standard gauge North Western, the narrow gauge Skarloey and the 15-inch gauge Arlesdale Railways, respectively.", "Fictional locations in Thomas &amp; Friends __knowledge__ Abbey Station is located on the Peel Godred Branch Line.", "Fictional locations in Thomas &amp; Friends __knowledge__ Arlesburgh is an ancient seaside town, located upon both sides of River Arle Estuary on the west coast of the Island of Sodor, along Duck's Branch Line - The Little Western, between Bluff's Cove and Harwick.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (2700–2799) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Roads in Texas are owned and maintained by the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT).", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (2700–2799) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 2700 (or FM 2700) is located entirely in Callahan County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (2700–2799) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 2701 (or FM 2701) is located in Knox and Haskell counties.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (2700–2799) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 2702 (or FM 2702) is located entirely in Jones County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (2700–2799) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 2703 (or FM 2703) is located entirely in Jones County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (2700–2799) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 2704 (or FM 2704) is a former highway that was located entirely in Bosque County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (2700–2799) __knowledge__ No highway currently uses the FM 2704 designation.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (2700–2799) __knowledge__ FM 2704 was designated on September 20, 1961, running from FM 56 north of Valley Mills eastward to a county road.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1000–1099) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Roads in Texas are owned and maintained by the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT).", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1000–1099) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 1001 (or FM 1001) is located entirely in Titus County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1000–1099) __knowledge__ FM 1001 begins at an intersection with US 67/Farm to Market Road 2348 just east of Mount Pleasant.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1000–1099) __knowledge__ The highway travels in a northeast direction and crosses I-30 before entering Argo.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1000–1099) __knowledge__ After leaving Argo, FM 1001 turns east and ends at an intersection with FM 1993/County Road 3425.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1000–1099) __knowledge__ FM 1001 was designated on November 23, 1948, running from US 67 to Argo.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1000–1099) __knowledge__ The highway was extended to its current terminus at FM 1993 on October 29, 1953.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1500–1599) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Roads in Texas are owned and maintained by the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT).", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1500–1599) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 1500 (or FM 1500) is located entirely in Lamar County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1500–1599) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 1501 (or FM 1501) is located entirely in Lamar County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1500–1599) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 1502 (or FM 1502) is located entirely in Lamar County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1500–1599) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 1503 (or FM 1503) is located entirely in Lamar County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1500–1599) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 1504 (or FM 1504) is located entirely in Van Zandt County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1500–1599) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 1505 (or FM 1505) is located entirely in El Paso County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1500–1599) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 1506 (or FM 1506) is located entirely in Lamar County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1600–1699) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Roads in Texas are owned and maintained by the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT).", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1600–1699) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 1600 (or FM 1600) is located entirely in Milam County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1600–1699) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 1601 (or FM 1601) is located in Ector and Crane counties.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1600–1699) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 1602 (or FM 1602) is located entirely in Hamilton County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1600–1699) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 1603 (or FM 1603) is located entirely in Navarro County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1600–1699) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 1604 (or FM 1604) was designated on November 7, 1980 on its current route as a renumbering of the FM 308 spur connection in Irene.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1600–1699) __knowledge__ The road was not signed until very recently, as parts of the old FM 1604 may have still been signed.", "Augusta, Ontario __knowledge__ Augusta Township is a township in the United Counties of Leeds and Grenville; located in eastern Ontario, Canada.", "Augusta, Ontario __knowledge__ Augusta is situated along the Saint Lawrence River, and extends back into rural hamlets.", "Augusta, Ontario __knowledge__ The township is located between the city of Brockville to the west, and the town of Prescott to the east.", "Augusta, Ontario __knowledge__ The hamlets and villages within Augusta were established prior to the 1900s; primarily by the United Empire Loyalists.", "Augusta, Ontario __knowledge__ There are plenty of buildings and homes still standing in the township today that were built by early settlers; many of these historic homes are even still occupied by direct descendants of the first settlers.", "Niagara Falls __knowledge__ Niagara Falls () is the collective name for three waterfalls that straddle the international border between Canada and the United States; more specifically, between the province of Ontario and the state of New York.", "Niagara Falls __knowledge__ They form the southern end of the Niagara Gorge.", "Niagara Falls __knowledge__ From largest to smallest, the three waterfalls are the Horseshoe Falls, the American Falls and the Bridal Veil Falls.", "Niagara Falls __knowledge__ The Horseshoe Falls lies on the border of the United States and Canada with the American Falls entirely on the United States' side, separated by Goat Island.", "Niagara Falls __knowledge__ The smaller Bridal Veil Falls are also on the United States' side, separated from the other waterfalls by Luna Island.", "Niagara Falls Suspension Bridge __knowledge__ The Niagara Falls Suspension Bridge, which stood from 1855 to 1897 across the Niagara River, was the world's first working railway suspension bridge.", "Niagara Falls Suspension Bridge __knowledge__ It spanned and stood downstream of Niagara Falls, where it connected Niagara Falls, Ontario, to Niagara Falls, New York.", "Niagara Falls Suspension Bridge __knowledge__ Trains used the upper of its two decks, pedestrians and carriages the lower.", "Niagara Falls Suspension Bridge __knowledge__ The brainchild of Canadian politicians, the bridge was built by one American and one Canadian company.", "Niagara Falls Suspension Bridge __knowledge__ It was most commonly called the Suspension Bridge; other names included Niagara Railway Suspension Bridge, Niagara Suspension Bridge, and its official American name, the International Suspension Bridge.", "List of highways in Niagara County, New York __knowledge__ The highway system of Niagara County, New York, comprises of roads maintained by the New York State Department of Transportation, the county, and its towns and villages.", "List of highways in Niagara County, New York __knowledge__ 31 state-maintained highways enter the county, which account for a combined of the state highway mileage in New York.", "List of highways in Niagara County, New York __knowledge__ 21 of the highways are signed state routes; the other 10 are unsigned reference routes.", "List of highways in Niagara County, New York __knowledge__ The state roads are supplemented by of county-maintained highways, which carry unsigned county route designations.", "List of highways in Niagara County, New York __knowledge__ Niagara County is also served by three byways—the Seaway Trail, the Niagara Historic Trail, and the Niagara Wine Trail.", "Niagara Falls, New York __knowledge__ Niagara Falls ( ) is a city in Niagara County, New York, United States.", "Niagara Falls, New York __knowledge__ As of the 2010 census, the city had a total population of 50,193, down from the 55,593 recorded in the 2000 census.", "Niagara Falls, New York __knowledge__ It is adjacent to the Niagara River, across from the city of Niagara Falls, Ontario, and named after the famed Niagara Falls which they share.", "Niagara Falls, New York __knowledge__ The city is within the Buffalo–Niagara Falls Metropolitan Statistical Area as well as the Western New York region.", "Niagara Falls, New York __knowledge__ While the city was formerly occupied by Native Americans, Europeans who migrated to the Niagara Falls in the mid-17th century began to open businesses and develop infrastructure.", "Nik Wallenda __knowledge__ Nikolas \"Nik\" Wallenda (born January 24, 1979) is an American acrobat, aerialist, daredevil, high wire artist, and author.", "Nik Wallenda __knowledge__ He is known for his high-wire performances without a safety net.", "Nik Wallenda __knowledge__ He holds nine Guinness World Records for various acrobatic feats, but is best known as the first person to walk a tightrope stretched directly over Niagara Falls.", "Nik Wallenda __knowledge__ A seventh-generation member of The Flying Wallendas family, Nik Wallenda participated in various circus acts as a child.", "Nik Wallenda __knowledge__ At age 13, he made his professional tightrope walking debut.", "Nik Wallenda __knowledge__ He chose high-wire walking as his career in 1998, after joining family members in a seven-person pyramid on the wire.", "Niagara Gorge Railroad __knowledge__ The Niagara Gorge Railroad (forming part of the Great Gorge Route) was an interurban railway which ran at the bottom of the Niagara Gorge (at water level) from Niagara Falls, New York to Lewiston, New York.", "Niagara Gorge Railroad __knowledge__ Stations were at International Railway Terminal, Great Gorge Route Ticket Office, New York Central Depot, Schoellkopf Station, Rapids View, Whirlpool Rapids, Whirlpool Point, Ongiara Park, Giant Rock, Devil's Hole, Lewiston-Queenston Bridge and Lewiston Dock.", "Niagara Gorge Railroad __knowledge__ In Niagara Falls the GGR made connections with the International Railway Co. (IRC), New York Central, Erie Railroad, Canadian National and Lehigh Valley.", "Niagara Cantilever Bridge __knowledge__ The Niagara Cantilever Bridge or Michigan Central Railway Cantilever Bridge was a cantilever bridge across the Niagara Gorge.", "Niagara Cantilever Bridge __knowledge__ An international railway-only bridge between Canada and the United States, it connected Niagara Falls, New York, and Niagara Falls, Ontario, located just south of the Whirlpool Bridge, and opened to traffic in 1883, it was replaced by the Michigan Central Railway Steel Arch Bridge in 1925.", "Niagara Cantilever Bridge __knowledge__ Although British engineers suggested using the cantilever form as a replacement for non-statically determinate trusses as early as 1846, the first modern cantilever actually built was Heinrich Gerber's Hassfurt Bridge over the Main River in Germany (1867), with a central span of 38 m. The next important cantilever was built by American engineer C. Shaler Smith, ten years later in 1877." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hiking __knowledge__ Hiking is the preferred term, in Canada and the United States, for a long, vigorous walk, usually on trails (footpaths), in the countryside, while the word walking is used for shorter, particularly urban walks.", "Hiking __knowledge__ On the other hand, in the United Kingdom, and the Republic of Ireland, the word \"walking\" is acceptable to describe \"all forms\" of walking, whether it is a walk in the park or backpacking in the Alps.", "Hiking __knowledge__ The word hiking is also often used in the UK, along with rambling (a slightly old-fashioned term), hillwalking, and fell walking (a term mostly used for hillwalking in northern England).", "Hiking __knowledge__ The term bushwalking is endemic to Australia, having been adopted by the Sydney Bush Walkers club in 1927.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In New Zealand a long, vigorous walk or hike is called tramping.", "Hiking __knowledge__ It is a popular activity with numerous worldwide, and studies suggest that all forms of walking have health benefits.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In the United States, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, and United Kingdom, hiking means walking outdoors on a trail, or off trail, for recreational purposes.", "Hiking __knowledge__ A day hike refers to a hike that can be completed in a single day.", "Hiking __knowledge__ However, in the United Kingdom, the word walking is also used, as well as rambling, while walking in mountainous areas is called hillwalking.", "Niagara Falls __knowledge__ Niagara Falls () is the collective name for three waterfalls that straddle the international border between Canada and the United States; more specifically, between the province of Ontario and the state of New York.", "Niagara Falls __knowledge__ They form the southern end of the Niagara Gorge.", "Niagara Falls __knowledge__ From largest to smallest, the three waterfalls are the Horseshoe Falls, the American Falls and the Bridal Veil Falls.", "Niagara Falls __knowledge__ The Horseshoe Falls lies on the border of the United States and Canada with the American Falls entirely on the United States' side, separated by Goat Island.", "Niagara Falls __knowledge__ The smaller Bridal Veil Falls are also on the United States' side, separated from the other waterfalls by Luna Island.", "Nik Wallenda __knowledge__ Nikolas \"Nik\" Wallenda (born January 24, 1979) is an American acrobat, aerialist, daredevil, high wire artist, and author.", "Nik Wallenda __knowledge__ He is known for his high-wire performances without a safety net.", "Nik Wallenda __knowledge__ He holds nine Guinness World Records for various acrobatic feats, but is best known as the first person to walk a tightrope stretched directly over Niagara Falls.", "Nik Wallenda __knowledge__ A seventh-generation member of The Flying Wallendas family, Nik Wallenda participated in various circus acts as a child.", "Nik Wallenda __knowledge__ At age 13, he made his professional tightrope walking debut.", "Nik Wallenda __knowledge__ He chose high-wire walking as his career in 1998, after joining family members in a seven-person pyramid on the wire.", "Niagara River __knowledge__ The Niagara River ( ) is a river that flows north from Lake Erie to Lake Ontario.", "Niagara River __knowledge__ It forms part of the border between the province of Ontario in Canada (on the west) and the state of New York in the United States (on the east).", "Niagara River __knowledge__ There are differing theories as to the origin of the river's name.", "Niagara River __knowledge__ According to Iroquoian scholar Bruce Trigger, \"Niagara\" is derived from the name given to a branch of the locally residing native Neutral Confederacy, who are described as being called the \"Niagagarega\" people on several late-17th-century French maps of the area.", "Niagara River __knowledge__ According to George R. Stewart, it comes from the name of an Iroquois town called \"Ongniaahra\", meaning \"point of land cut in two\".", "Niagara Falls Suspension Bridge __knowledge__ The Niagara Falls Suspension Bridge, which stood from 1855 to 1897 across the Niagara River, was the world's first working railway suspension bridge.", "Niagara Falls Suspension Bridge __knowledge__ It spanned and stood downstream of Niagara Falls, where it connected Niagara Falls, Ontario, to Niagara Falls, New York.", "Niagara Falls Suspension Bridge __knowledge__ Trains used the upper of its two decks, pedestrians and carriages the lower.", "Niagara Falls Suspension Bridge __knowledge__ The brainchild of Canadian politicians, the bridge was built by one American and one Canadian company.", "Niagara Falls Suspension Bridge __knowledge__ It was most commonly called the Suspension Bridge; other names included Niagara Railway Suspension Bridge, Niagara Suspension Bridge, and its official American name, the International Suspension Bridge.", "Lake Erie __knowledge__ Lake Erie (); is the fourth-largest lake (by surface area) of the five Great Lakes in North America, and the eleventh-largest globally if measured in terms of surface area.", "Lake Erie __knowledge__ It is the southernmost, shallowest, and smallest by volume of the Great Lakes and therefore also has the shortest average water residence time.", "Lake Erie __knowledge__ At its deepest point Lake Erie is deep.", "Lake Erie __knowledge__ Situated on the International Boundary between Canada and the United States, Lake Erie's northern shore is the Canadian province of Ontario, with the U.S. states of Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and New York on its western, southern and eastern shores.", "Battle of Queenston Heights __knowledge__ The Battle of Queenston Heights was the first major battle in the War of 1812 and resulted in a British victory.", "Battle of Queenston Heights __knowledge__ It took place on 13 October 1812, near Queenston, Upper Canada (the present-day province of Ontario).", "Battle of Queenston Heights __knowledge__ It was fought between United States regulars and New York militia forces led by Major General Stephen Van Rensselaer, and British regulars, York and Lincoln militia and Mohawk warriors led by Major General Isaac Brock, and Major General Roger Hale Sheaffe, who took command when Brock was killed.", "Battle of Queenston Heights __knowledge__ The battle was fought as the result of an American attempt to establish a foothold on the Canadian side of the Niagara River before campaigning ended with the onset of winter.", "Niagara Falls, Ontario __knowledge__ Niagara Falls ( ) is a city in Ontario, Canada.", "Niagara Falls, Ontario __knowledge__ It is on the western bank of the Niagara River in the Golden Horseshoe region of Southern Ontario, with a population of 88,071 at the 2016 census.", "Niagara Falls, Ontario __knowledge__ The municipality was incorporated on 12 June 1903.", "Niagara Falls, Ontario __knowledge__ Across the Niagara River is Niagara Falls, New York.", "Niagara Falls, Ontario __knowledge__ The Niagara River flows over Niagara Falls at this location, creating a natural spectacle which attracts millions of tourists each year.", "Niagara Falls, Ontario __knowledge__ This area, which stretches along the Niagara Parkway and tourist promenade, is particularly concentrated at the brink of the falls.", "Niagara Falls, Ontario __knowledge__ Apart from the river's natural attractions, it includes observation towers, high-rise hotels, souvenir shops, casinos and theatres, mostly with colourful neon billboards and advertisements, and sufficient parking to accommodate visitors.", "List of highways in Niagara County, New York __knowledge__ The highway system of Niagara County, New York, comprises of roads maintained by the New York State Department of Transportation, the county, and its towns and villages.", "List of highways in Niagara County, New York __knowledge__ 31 state-maintained highways enter the county, which account for a combined of the state highway mileage in New York.", "List of highways in Niagara County, New York __knowledge__ 21 of the highways are signed state routes; the other 10 are unsigned reference routes.", "List of highways in Niagara County, New York __knowledge__ The state roads are supplemented by of county-maintained highways, which carry unsigned county route designations.", "List of highways in Niagara County, New York __knowledge__ Niagara County is also served by three byways—the Seaway Trail, the Niagara Historic Trail, and the Niagara Wine Trail.", "Niagara Falls, New York __knowledge__ Niagara Falls ( ) is a city in Niagara County, New York, United States.", "Niagara Falls, New York __knowledge__ As of the 2010 census, the city had a total population of 50,193, down from the 55,593 recorded in the 2000 census.", "Niagara Falls, New York __knowledge__ It is adjacent to the Niagara River, across from the city of Niagara Falls, Ontario, and named after the famed Niagara Falls which they share.", "Niagara Falls, New York __knowledge__ The city is within the Buffalo–Niagara Falls Metropolitan Statistical Area as well as the Western New York region.", "Niagara Falls, New York __knowledge__ While the city was formerly occupied by Native Americans, Europeans who migrated to the Niagara Falls in the mid-17th century began to open businesses and develop infrastructure.", "U.S. Route 62 in New York __knowledge__ U.S. Route 62 (US 62) is a part of the U.S. Highway System that travels from the United States–Mexico border at El Paso, Texas, to Niagara Falls, New York.", "U.S. Route 62 in New York __knowledge__ In the U.S. state of New York, US 62 extends from the New York–Pennsylvania border south of Jamestown to an intersection with New York State Route 104 (NY 104) in downtown Niagara Falls.", "U.S. Route 62 in New York __knowledge__ It bypasses the city of Jamestown and serves the cities of Buffalo and Niagara Falls, along with several villages.", "U.S. Route 62 in New York __knowledge__ It is the only north–south mainline U.S. highway in Western New York.", "U.S. Route 62 in New York __knowledge__ US 62 was extended into New York and originally was concurrent with the state highways that had previously been designated along its routing – namely NY 18, NY 60, NY 83, and NY 241.", "New York State Route 384 __knowledge__ New York State Route 384 (NY 384) is a state highway in Western New York in the United States.", "New York State Route 384 __knowledge__ It is a north–south route extending from the city of Buffalo, Erie County to the city of Niagara Falls, Niagara County, and is one of several routes directly connecting the two cities.", "New York State Route 384 __knowledge__ The southern terminus of the route is at NY 5 in downtown Buffalo.", "New York State Route 384 __knowledge__ NY 384's northern terminus is at the Rainbow Bridge in downtown Niagara Falls.", "New York State Route 384 __knowledge__ Through its entire course in Erie County, it is known as Delaware Avenue for the street it follows in the city.", "New York State Route 384 __knowledge__ In Niagara County, NY 384 follows the Niagara River and is named River Road and Buffalo Avenue.", "Niagara Frontier Transportation Authority __knowledge__ The Niagara Frontier Transportation Authority (NFTA) is a public authority responsible for the public transportation oversight of Erie and Niagara counties in the state of New York.", "Niagara Frontier Transportation Authority __knowledge__ The NFTA, as an authority, oversees a number of subsidiaries, including the NFTA Metro bus and rail system, the Buffalo-Niagara International Airport, the Niagara Falls International Airport and NFTA Small Boat Harbor.", "Niagara Frontier Transportation Authority __knowledge__ The NFTA Metro bus and rail system is a multi-modal agency, utilizing various vehicle modes (diesel bus, diesel-hybrid bus, CNG bus, light rail and cut-away van), using the brand names: NFTA Metro Bus, NFTA Metro Rail, NFTA Metrolink and NFTA PAL (Para-transit Access Line)." ] ]

[ 0, 8, 70, 39 ]

[ "Hi, do you like hiking at all?", "I like to go places where I can day hike, although I haven't done that in a while. The last one I went to was the Niagara Gorge", "It's located by the Niagara Falls in Niagara Falls NY, 30 minutes outside of Buffalo", "There is! There's also a gorge on the Canadian Side of the Falls in Ontario." ]

[ "Hiking", "Hiking", "Hiking", "Hiking" ]

[ "Gone with the Wind (film)\nHave you seen the film Gone with the Wind?", "I have not seen it. I have heard it has some Confederate bias. Is that true? I have relatives that fought for the Confederacy so it likely will not bother me.", "What kind of personality does Scarlett O'Hara have?", "I imagine she changes throughout the film. Would you say it is for the better or for the worse?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ Gone with the Wind is a 1939 American epic historical romance film, adapted from Margaret Mitchell's 1936 novel of the same name.", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ The film was produced by David O. Selznick of Selznick International Pictures and directed by Victor Fleming.", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ Set in the American South against the backdrop of the American Civil War and the Reconstruction era, the film tells the story of Scarlett O'Hara, the strong-willed daughter of a Georgia plantation owner, from her romantic pursuit of Ashley Wilkes, who is married to his cousin, Melanie Hamilton, to her marriage to Rhett Butler.", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ The leading roles are played by Vivien Leigh (Scarlett), Clark Gable (Rhett), Leslie Howard (Ashley), and Olivia de Havilland (Melanie).", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ Production was difficult from the start.", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ Filming was delayed for two years because of Selznick's determination to secure Gable for the role of Rhett Butler, and the \"search for Scarlett\" led to 1,400 women being interviewed for the part.", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ The original screenplay was written by Sidney Howard and underwent many revisions by several writers in an attempt to get it down to a suitable length.", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ The original director, George Cukor, was fired shortly after filming began and was replaced by Fleming, who in turn was briefly replaced by Sam Wood while Fleming took some time off because he was exhausted.", "Christopher Curry (actor) __knowledge__ Christopher Curry (born Christopher Root, October 22, 1948 in Grand Rapids, Michigan, US) is an American character actor of film and television who has appeared in more than 70 films and television programs since the 1980s.", "Christopher Curry (actor) __knowledge__ His best-known roles are as Captain Bosch in \"C.H.U.D.\"", "Christopher Curry (actor) __knowledge__ and Rico's father in \"Starship Troopers\".", "Christopher Curry (actor) __knowledge__ He also had a small role in \"Red Dragon\", and appeared as an F.B.I agent in \"Home Alone 3\".", "Christopher Curry (actor) __knowledge__ From 2011 until 2015, he portrayed the recurring role of Earl Kinsella, the father of Wade Kinsella in the CW TV series \"Hart of Dixie\".", "Christopher Curry (actor) __knowledge__ 2014 SpaceBear (TV Movie) Perplexulo, Dream Trout (voice) Earl Kinsella / Crazy Earl - Act Naturally (2014) ... Crazy Earl - Who Says You Can't Go Home (2013) ... Earl Kinsella - The Gambler (2013) ... Earl Kinsella - Blue Christmas (2012) ... Earl Kinsella - Baby, Don't Get Hooked on Me (2012) ... Earl Kinsella Show all 8 episodes 2013 Glee (TV Series) Gunther - Tina in the Sky with Diamonds (2013) ... Gunther - Love, Love, Love (2013) ... Gunther 2013 Castle (TV Series) Gaston - Hunt (2013) ... Gaston 2013 Jobs Board Member #1 2012 BlackBoxTV (TV Series) Doctor Bannister - AEZP: The Hollow (2012) ...", "Gone with the Wind (novel) __knowledge__ Gone with the Wind is a novel by American writer Margaret Mitchell, first published in 1936.", "Gone with the Wind (novel) __knowledge__ The story is set in Clayton County and Atlanta, both in Georgia, during the American Civil War and Reconstruction Era.", "Gone with the Wind (novel) __knowledge__ It depicts the struggles of young Scarlett O'Hara, the spoiled daughter of a well-to-do plantation owner, who must use every means at her disposal to claw her way out of poverty following Sherman's destructive \"March to the Sea\".", "Gone with the Wind (novel) __knowledge__ This historical novel features a \"Bildungsroman\" or coming-of-age story, with the title taken from a poem written by Ernest Dowson.", "Gone with the Wind (novel) __knowledge__ \"Gone with the Wind\" was popular with American readers from the outset and was the top American fiction bestseller in 1936 and 1937.", "Tara Theatre __knowledge__ The Tara Theatre is an art house movie theater located in Atlanta.", "Tara Theatre __knowledge__ The theater specializes in the showing of independent films, the only theater in Atlanta to do so exclusively.", "Tara Theatre __knowledge__ The Tara Theatre was opened in June 1968 by Loew's Theatres.", "Tara Theatre __knowledge__ It embodies the modernist architecture popular at the time.", "Tara Theatre __knowledge__ Originally called Loew's Tara, the theater's name memorializes the fictional Tara plantation, home of the O'Hara family in Margaret Mitchell's novel \"Gone with the Wind\".", "Tara Theatre __knowledge__ Tara opened with a 70mm, stereophonic presentation of the film Gone with the Wind on its 60-foot screen.", "Tara Theatre __knowledge__ This single screen with seating for 1,200 was later twinned.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Having reformed from his violent ways, Bigby (a.k.a.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ the Big Bad Wolf) became the cigarette-smoking, trench coat-clad sheriff of Fabletown.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is extremely cunning and resourceful, in addition to being an excellent detective.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Due to Snow White's possession of a lycanthropy-stained knife, he is now a werewolf and can change between wolf form, human form and an intermediate \"wolfman\" stage at will (in \"The Great Fables Crossover\", it is revealed that Bigby's nature as one of the North Wind's sons allows him to change forms at will).", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is the son of the North Wind, and, as such, has control over the lower-tier winds, plus the \"huff and puff\" of legend.", "Wesley Prince __knowledge__ Clarence Wesley \"Wes\" Prince (April 8, 1907 - 30 October 1980) was an American Jazz and R&B musician.", "Wesley Prince __knowledge__ He played the double bass.", "Wesley Prince __knowledge__ Prince was born in Pasadena, Los Angeles County.", "Wesley Prince __knowledge__ His father was a preacher, his brother was the jazz musician Henry Prince (who played in Les Hite) and he was a cousin of the R&B musician Peppy Prince.", "Wesley Prince __knowledge__ Between 1938 and 1941, he played in a trio of the pianist and singer Nat King Cole with Oscar Moore.", "Wesley Prince __knowledge__ In addition, he participated in recordings of Louis Armstrong (1936) and King Perry (1946).", "Wesley Prince __knowledge__ Under his own name, he played several tracks for Excelsior Records.", "Wesley Prince __knowledge__ In the field of jazz, he was involved 1936-1946 to 29 recording sessions.", "Danilo Jovanovitch __knowledge__ Danilo Jovanovitch (3 September 1919 – 17 September 2015) was an Australian poet, actor and singer.", "Danilo Jovanovitch __knowledge__ He appeared in the Australian feature films \"40,000 Horsemen\", \"Gone To The Dogs\" and \"Ants in His Pants\".", "Danilo Jovanovitch __knowledge__ His published poetry anthologies include \"Songs of a Bushland Rover\" and \"Rhyming Australian Poetry\".", "Danilo Jovanovitch __knowledge__ His poetry has been published in such Australian newspapers as \"The Land\", \"The Lyndhurst Chronicle\", \"The Mudgee Guardian\", \"The Western Advocate\", \"The Muswellbrook Chronicle\", \"The Tablelands Post\", and \"The Manning River Times\".", "Danilo Jovanovitch __knowledge__ He won a poetry competition in 1981.", "Danilo Jovanovitch __knowledge__ He is considered by fans of his work as the \"living Henry Lawson\", Australia's most famous poet." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ Gone with the Wind is a 1939 American epic historical romance film, adapted from Margaret Mitchell's 1936 novel of the same name.", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ The film was produced by David O. Selznick of Selznick International Pictures and directed by Victor Fleming.", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ Set in the American South against the backdrop of the American Civil War and the Reconstruction era, the film tells the story of Scarlett O'Hara, the strong-willed daughter of a Georgia plantation owner, from her romantic pursuit of Ashley Wilkes, who is married to his cousin, Melanie Hamilton, to her marriage to Rhett Butler.", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ The leading roles are played by Vivien Leigh (Scarlett), Clark Gable (Rhett), Leslie Howard (Ashley), and Olivia de Havilland (Melanie).", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ Production was difficult from the start.", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ Filming was delayed for two years because of Selznick's determination to secure Gable for the role of Rhett Butler, and the \"search for Scarlett\" led to 1,400 women being interviewed for the part.", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ The original screenplay was written by Sidney Howard and underwent many revisions by several writers in an attempt to get it down to a suitable length.", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ The original director, George Cukor, was fired shortly after filming began and was replaced by Fleming, who in turn was briefly replaced by Sam Wood while Fleming took some time off because he was exhausted.", "Confederate States of America __knowledge__ The Confederate States of America (CSA or C.S.", "Confederate States of America __knowledge__ ), commonly referred to as the Confederacy, was an unrecognized country in North America that existed from 1861 to 1865.", "Confederate States of America __knowledge__ The Confederacy was originally formed by seven secessionist slave-holding states – South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas – in the Lower South region of the United States, whose regional economy was heavily dependent upon agriculture, particularly cotton, and a plantation system that relied upon the labor of African-American slaves.", "Confederate States of America __knowledge__ Each state declared its secession from the United States following the November 1860 election of Republican candidate Abraham Lincoln to the U.S. presidency on a platform which opposed the expansion of slavery into the western territories.", "Institutions in the Southern Victory Series __knowledge__ The Southern Victory Series is a fan name given to a series of Harry Turtledove alternate history novels.", "Institutions in the Southern Victory Series __knowledge__ The Southern Victory Series includes the novel \"How Few Remain\", and the \"Great War\", \"American Empire\", and \"Settling Accounts\" series.", "Institutions in the Southern Victory Series __knowledge__ They detail events in four major eras between 1862 and 1945.", "Institutions in the Southern Victory Series __knowledge__ An alternate name of the series, Timeline-191, is taken from Robert E. Lee's Special Order 191, detailing the Army of Northern Virginia's invasion of the Union on September 10, 1862, during the American Civil War.", "Institutions in the Southern Victory Series __knowledge__ In reality the orders were lost and recovered by a Union soldier, allowing General George B. McClellan to surprise Lee and force the Battle of Antietam.", "American Civil War __knowledge__ The American Civil War was a civil war that was fought in the United States from 1861 to 1865.", "American Civil War __knowledge__ As a result of the long-standing controversy over slavery, war broke out in April 1861, when Confederate forces attacked Fort Sumter in South Carolina, shortly after U.S. President Abraham Lincoln was inaugurated.", "American Civil War __knowledge__ The nationalists of the Union proclaimed loyalty to the U.S. Constitution.", "American Civil War __knowledge__ They faced secessionists of the Confederate States, who advocated for states' rights to expand slavery.", "American Civil War __knowledge__ Among the 34 U.S. states in February 1861, seven Southern slave states individually declared their secession from the U.S. to form the Confederate States of America, or the \"South.\"", "Historical characters in the Southern Victory Series __knowledge__ The Southern Victory Series is a series of alternate history novels written by Harry Turtledove.", "Historical characters in the Southern Victory Series __knowledge__ The point of divergence involves Confederate States of America winning the American Civil War and becoming an independent nation.", "Historical characters in the Southern Victory Series __knowledge__ The series covers events from 1862 to 1945 and features dozens of characters, some of whom were historical figures.", "Historical characters in the Southern Victory Series __knowledge__ Rather than \"Little Women\", set in a North that was winning the war, Louisa May Alcott wrote \"After the War was Lost\".", "Historical characters in the Southern Victory Series __knowledge__ In a rather odd move on Turtledove's part, L. Frank Baum is introduced as an American fighter pilot early in the Great War, this despite the fact that Baum was aged 58 in 1914.", "Judah P. Benjamin __knowledge__ Judah Philip Benjamin, QC (August 11, 1811 – May 6, 1884) was a lawyer and politician who was a United States Senator from Louisiana, a Cabinet officer of the Confederate States and, after his escape to the United Kingdom at the end of the American Civil War, an English barrister.", "Judah P. Benjamin __knowledge__ Benjamin was the first Jew to be elected to the United States Senate who did not renounce the religion, and the first of that faith to hold a Cabinet position in North America.", "Judah P. Benjamin __knowledge__ Benjamin was born to Sephardic Jewish parents from London, who had moved to St. Croix in the Danish West Indies when it was occupied by Britain during the Napoleonic Wars.", "Fictional characters in the Southern Victory Series __knowledge__ The Southern Victory Series is a series of alternate history novels written by Harry Turtledove.", "Fictional characters in the Southern Victory Series __knowledge__ The point of divergence involves Confederate States of America winning the American Civil War and becoming an independent nation.", "Fictional characters in the Southern Victory Series __knowledge__ The series covers events from 1862 to 1945 and features dozens of fictional characters, some of them analogues of real people.", "Fictional characters in the Southern Victory Series __knowledge__ John Abell is a General Staff officer.", "Fictional characters in the Southern Victory Series __knowledge__ He served on the U.S. Army General Staff from the Great War, when he was a major, to the Second Great War, which he began as a colonel.", "Fictional characters in the Southern Victory Series __knowledge__ Abell disliked many of the tactics and operations proposed by Irving Morrell, but the two men shared a hatred of the Confederacy and a wary respect for each other's abilities.", "Confederate States Army __knowledge__ The Confederate States Army (C.S.A.)", "Confederate States Army __knowledge__ was the military land force of the Confederate States of America (Confederacy) during the American Civil War (1861-1865).", "Confederate States Army __knowledge__ On February 28, 1861, the Provisional Confederate Congress established a provisional volunteer army and gave control over military operations and authority for mustering state forces and volunteers to the newly chosen Confederate president, Jefferson Davis (1808-1889).", "Confederate States Army __knowledge__ Davis was a graduate of the U.S. Military Academy on the Hudson River at West Point, New York, and colonel of a volunteer regiment during the Mexican–American War (1846-1848).", "Romance novel __knowledge__ The romance novel or romantic novel discussed in this article is the mass-market literary genre.", "Romance novel __knowledge__ Novels of this type of genre fiction place their primary focus on the relationship and romantic love between two people, and must have an \"emotionally satisfying and optimistic ending.\"", "Romance novel __knowledge__ There are many subgenres of the romance novel including fantasy, historical romance, paranormal fiction, and science fiction.", "Romance novel __knowledge__ Walter Scott defined the literary fiction form of romance as \"a fictitious narrative in prose or verse; the interest of which turns upon marvellous and uncommon incidents\".", "Romance novel __knowledge__ A thriving genre of works conventionally referred to as \"romance novels\" existed in ancient Greece.", "Historical romance __knowledge__ Historical romance (also historical novel) is a broad category of fiction in which the plot takes place in a setting located in the past.", "Historical romance __knowledge__ Walter Scott helped popularize this genre in the early 19th-century, with works such as \"Rob Roy\" and \"Ivanhoe\".", "Historical romance __knowledge__ Literary fiction historical romances continue to be published, and a notable recent example is \"Wolf Hall\" (2009), a multi-award winning novel by English historical novelist Hilary Mantel.", "Historical romance __knowledge__ It is also a genre of mass-market fiction, which is related to the broader romantic love genre.", "Historical romance __knowledge__ The terms \"romance novel\" and \"historical romance\" are ambiguous, because the word \"romance\", and the associated word \"romantic\", have a number of different meanings.", "Sherry Thomas __knowledge__ Sherry M. Thomas (born 1975) is an American novelist of young adult fantasy, historical romance, and contemporary romance.", "Sherry Thomas __knowledge__ She has won multiple awards including the Romance Writers of America RITA Award for Best Historical Romance for \"Not Quite a Husband\" in 2010 and \"His at Night\" in 2011.", "Sherry Thomas __knowledge__ Most best-of-romance lists include one of her titles.", "Sherry Thomas __knowledge__ In an article in \"The New York Times\", romance author Sarah MacLean stated Thomas is known for her \"lush style,\" and in \"USA Today\" romance author Madeline Hunter said she is \"critically acclaimed as one of historical romance's best writers.\"", "Sherry Thomas __knowledge__ A native of China, Thomas emigrated to the United States at thirteen and learned English reading romance novels.", "Lord of Scoundrels __knowledge__ Lord of Scoundrels is a Regency romance novel by American author Loretta Chase.", "Lord of Scoundrels __knowledge__ Published in 1995 by Avon Books, it is the third installment of her \"Débauchés\" series.", "Lord of Scoundrels __knowledge__ Set in 1828, the story follows the Marquess of Dain, a half-English half-Italian aristocrat known as \"Lord Beelzebub\" and the \"Lord of Scoundrels\" for his unscrupulous, immoral behavior.", "Lord of Scoundrels __knowledge__ Hardened due to a difficult childhood, Dain meets his match in Jessica Trent, a 27-year-old bluestocking more than capable of trading wits with him.", "Lord of Scoundrels __knowledge__ Chase had a love for Italian culture, and decided that this background would provide ample motivation for Dain, being the product of his parents' inability to understand each other's cultures.", "Genre fiction __knowledge__ Genre fiction, also known as popular fiction, is plot-driven fictional works written with the intent of fitting into a specific literary genre, in order to appeal to readers and fans already familiar with that genre.", "Genre fiction __knowledge__ Genre fiction is generally distinguished from literary fiction.", "Genre fiction __knowledge__ Some writing may be considered both literary and genre, such as the science fiction writing of Nobel laureate Doris Lessing and Margaret Atwood.", "Genre fiction __knowledge__ Georges Simenon, the creator of the Maigret detective novels, has been described by André Gide as 'the most novelistic of novelists in French literature'.", "Genre fiction __knowledge__ The main genres are crime, fantasy, romance, science fiction, western, inspirational and horror.", "Bajirao Mastani __knowledge__ Bajirao Mastani is a 2015 Indian epic historical romance film directed by Sanjay Leela Bhansali, who also composed its soundtrack.", "Bajirao Mastani __knowledge__ The film was jointly produced by Bhansali and Eros International's Kishore Lulla; it stars Ranveer Singh, Deepika Padukone and Priyanka Chopra.", "Bajirao Mastani __knowledge__ The supporting cast includes Tanvi Azmi, Vaibhav Tatwawaadi and Milind Soman.", "Bajirao Mastani __knowledge__ Based on the Marathi novel \"Raau\" by Nagnath S. Inamdar, \"Bajirao Mastani\" narrates the story of the Maratha \"Peshwa\" Bajirao I (1700-1740 AD) and his second wife Mastani.", "Bajirao Mastani __knowledge__ Conceived as early as the 1990s, Bhansali announced the film in 2003 but production was delayed several times due to its changing cast." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ Gone with the Wind is a 1939 American epic historical romance film, adapted from Margaret Mitchell's 1936 novel of the same name.", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ The film was produced by David O. Selznick of Selznick International Pictures and directed by Victor Fleming.", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ Set in the American South against the backdrop of the American Civil War and the Reconstruction era, the film tells the story of Scarlett O'Hara, the strong-willed daughter of a Georgia plantation owner, from her romantic pursuit of Ashley Wilkes, who is married to his cousin, Melanie Hamilton, to her marriage to Rhett Butler.", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ The leading roles are played by Vivien Leigh (Scarlett), Clark Gable (Rhett), Leslie Howard (Ashley), and Olivia de Havilland (Melanie).", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ Production was difficult from the start.", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ Filming was delayed for two years because of Selznick's determination to secure Gable for the role of Rhett Butler, and the \"search for Scarlett\" led to 1,400 women being interviewed for the part.", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ The original screenplay was written by Sidney Howard and underwent many revisions by several writers in an attempt to get it down to a suitable length.", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ The original director, George Cukor, was fired shortly after filming began and was replaced by Fleming, who in turn was briefly replaced by Sam Wood while Fleming took some time off because he was exhausted.", "Gone with the Wind (novel) __knowledge__ Gone with the Wind is a novel by American writer Margaret Mitchell, first published in 1936.", "Gone with the Wind (novel) __knowledge__ The story is set in Clayton County and Atlanta, both in Georgia, during the American Civil War and Reconstruction Era.", "Gone with the Wind (novel) __knowledge__ It depicts the struggles of young Scarlett O'Hara, the spoiled daughter of a well-to-do plantation owner, who must use every means at her disposal to claw her way out of poverty following Sherman's destructive \"March to the Sea\".", "Gone with the Wind (novel) __knowledge__ This historical novel features a \"Bildungsroman\" or coming-of-age story, with the title taken from a poem written by Ernest Dowson.", "Gone with the Wind (novel) __knowledge__ \"Gone with the Wind\" was popular with American readers from the outset and was the top American fiction bestseller in 1936 and 1937.", "Scarlett O'Hara __knowledge__ Katie Scarlett O'Hara is a fictional character and the main protagonist in Margaret Mitchell's 1936 novel \"Gone with the Wind\" and in the later film of the same name.", "Scarlett O'Hara __knowledge__ She also is the main character in the 1970 musical \"Scarlett\" and the 1991 book \"Scarlett\", a sequel to \"Gone with the Wind\" that was written by Alexandra Ripley and adapted for a television mini-series in 1994.", "Scarlett O'Hara __knowledge__ During early drafts of the original novel, Mitchell referred to her heroine as \"Pansy\", and did not decide on the name \"Scarlett\" until just before the novel went to print.", "Scarlett O'Hara __knowledge__ O'Hara is the oldest living child of Gerald and Ellen O'Hara.", "Scarlett (G.I. Joe) __knowledge__ Scarlett (also released as \"Agent Scarlett\") is a fictional character from the \"\" toyline, comic books and cartoon series.", "Scarlett (G.I. Joe) __knowledge__ She is one of the original members of the G.I.", "Scarlett (G.I. Joe) __knowledge__ Joe Team, and debuted in 1982.", "Scarlett (G.I. Joe) __knowledge__ The character is also featured in both the \"\" animated series and comic books.", "Scarlett (G.I. Joe) __knowledge__ Scarlett is portrayed by actress Rachel Nichols in the 2009 film \"\".", "Scarlett (G.I. Joe) __knowledge__ Her real name is Shana M. O'Hara, and she was born in Atlanta, Georgia.", "Scarlett (G.I. Joe) __knowledge__ Her primary specialty for the team is counter intelligence.", "Scarlett (G.I. Joe) __knowledge__ Scarlett is additionally skilled in martial arts and acrobatics.", "Scarlett (G.I. Joe) __knowledge__ She started training at age 9 with her father and three brothers, who were all instructors, and she earned her first black belt at age 15.", "Gone with the Wind (musical) __knowledge__ Gone with the Wind is a musical based on the Margaret Mitchell's novel of the same name and its 1939 film adaptation, with music and lyrics by Margaret Martin, and a book by Martin, adapted by Sir Trevor Nunn.", "Gone with the Wind (musical) __knowledge__ It began previews on 5 April 2008 and officially opened at the New London Theatre in London's West End on 22 April 2008.", "Gone with the Wind (musical) __knowledge__ The production was directed by Sir Trevor Nunn and featured sets by John Napier and costumes by Andreane Neofitu.", "Gone with the Wind (musical) __knowledge__ Darius Danesh and Jill Paice starred as Rhett Butler and Scarlett O'Hara respectively.", "Gone with the Wind (musical) __knowledge__ The show was produced by Aldo Scrofani, Colin Ingram, Gary McAvay and the Nederlander Producing Company.", "Scarlett (Ripley novel) __knowledge__ Scarlett is a 1991 novel by Alexandra Ripley, written as a sequel to Margaret Mitchell's 1936 novel, \"Gone with the Wind\".", "Scarlett (Ripley novel) __knowledge__ The book debuted on \"The New York Times\" bestsellers list, but both critics and fans of the original novel found Ripley's version to be inconsistent with the literary quality of \"Gone with the Wind\".", "Scarlett (Ripley novel) __knowledge__ It was adapted as a television mini-series of the same title in 1994 starring Timothy Dalton as Rhett Butler and Joanne Whalley-Kilmer as Scarlett O'Hara.", "Scarlett (Ripley novel) __knowledge__ The book begins where \"Gone with the Wind\" left off, with Scarlett attending the funeral of her former sister-in-law and rival for Ashley Wilkes' affection, Melanie Wilkes, at which her estranged husband, Rhett Butler, is not present.", "Melanie Hamilton __knowledge__ Melanie Hamilton Wilkes is a fictional character first appearing in the novel \"Gone with the Wind\" by Margaret Mitchell.", "Melanie Hamilton __knowledge__ In the 1939 film she was portrayed by Olivia de Havilland.", "Melanie Hamilton __knowledge__ Melanie is Scarlett O'Hara's sister-in-law and eventually her best friend.", "Melanie Hamilton __knowledge__ Melanie was born in 1843 or 1844.", "Melanie Hamilton __knowledge__ She and her brother Charles are among the last members left of the wealthy Hamilton family.", "Melanie Hamilton __knowledge__ The family has always valued education and sought to provide its members with the finest available.", "Melanie Hamilton __knowledge__ As a result, they have gained a reputation for producing a fair number of intellectuals and several noted lawyers.", "Melanie Hamilton __knowledge__ For several generations they have intermarried with the like-minded Wilkes family.", "Maureen O'Hara __knowledge__ Maureen O'Hara (born Maureen FitzSimons; 17 August 192024 October 2015) was an Irish actress and singer.", "Maureen O'Hara __knowledge__ The famously red-headed O'Hara was known for her beauty and playing fiercely passionate but sensible heroines, often in westerns and adventure films.", "Maureen O'Hara __knowledge__ She worked on numerous occasions with director John Ford and longtime friend John Wayne, and was one of the last surviving stars from the Golden Age of Hollywood.", "Maureen O'Hara __knowledge__ O'Hara grew up at 32 Beechwood Avenue Upper in the Dublin suburb of Ranelagh to an \"eccentric\" but devout Catholic family, and aspired to become an actress from a very young age.", "Maureen O'Hara __knowledge__ She trained with the Rathmines Theatre Company from the age of 10 and at the Abbey Theatre from the age of 14.", "Tara (plantation) __knowledge__ Tara is the name of a fictional plantation in the state of Georgia, in the historical novel \"Gone with the Wind\" (1936) by Margaret Mitchell.", "Tara (plantation) __knowledge__ In the story, Tara is located from Jonesboro (originally spelled Jonesborough), in Clayton County, on the east side of the Flint River about south of Atlanta.", "Tara (plantation) __knowledge__ Mitchell modeled Tara after local plantations and antebellum establishments, particularly the Clayton County plantation on which her maternal grandmother, Annie Fitzgerald Stephens (1844–1934), the daughter of Irish immigrant Philip Fitzgerald (1798–1880) and his American wife, Eleanor Avaline \"Ellen\" McGhan (1818–1893), was born and raised.", "Plantation complexes in the Southern United States __knowledge__ Plantation complexes in the Southern United States refers to the built environment (or complex) that was common on agricultural plantations in the American South from the 17th into the 20th century.", "Plantation complexes in the Southern United States __knowledge__ The complex included everything from the main residence down to the pens for livestock.", "Plantation complexes in the Southern United States __knowledge__ A plantation originally denoted a settlement in which settlers were \"planted\" to establish a colonial base.", "Plantation complexes in the Southern United States __knowledge__ Southern plantations were generally self-sufficient settlements that relied on the forced labor of slaves, similar to the way that a medieval manorial estate relied upon the forced labor of serfs.", "Plantation complexes in the Southern United States __knowledge__ Today, as was also true in the past, there is a wide range of opinion as to what differentiated a plantation from a farm.", "Blueberry (comics) __knowledge__ Blueberry is Western comic series created in the Franco-Belgian \"bandes dessinées\" (BD) tradition by the Belgian scriptwriter Jean-Michel Charlier and French comics artist Jean \"Mœbius\" Giraud.", "Blueberry (comics) __knowledge__ It chronicles the adventures of Mike Blueberry on his travels through the American Old West.", "Blueberry (comics) __knowledge__ Blueberry is an atypical western hero; he is not a wandering lawman who brings evil-doers to justice, nor a handsome cowboy who \"rides into town, saves the ranch, becomes the new sheriff and marries the schoolmarm.\"", "Blueberry (comics) __knowledge__ In any situation, he sees what he thinks needs doing, and he does it.", "Blueberry (comics) __knowledge__ The series spawned out of the 1963 \"Fort Navajo\" comics series, originally intended as an ensemble narrative, but which quickly gravitated around the breakout character \"Blueberry\" as the main and central character after the first two stories, causing the series to continue under his name later on." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ Gone with the Wind is a 1939 American epic historical romance film, adapted from Margaret Mitchell's 1936 novel of the same name.", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ The film was produced by David O. Selznick of Selznick International Pictures and directed by Victor Fleming.", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ Set in the American South against the backdrop of the American Civil War and the Reconstruction era, the film tells the story of Scarlett O'Hara, the strong-willed daughter of a Georgia plantation owner, from her romantic pursuit of Ashley Wilkes, who is married to his cousin, Melanie Hamilton, to her marriage to Rhett Butler.", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ The leading roles are played by Vivien Leigh (Scarlett), Clark Gable (Rhett), Leslie Howard (Ashley), and Olivia de Havilland (Melanie).", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ Production was difficult from the start.", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ Filming was delayed for two years because of Selznick's determination to secure Gable for the role of Rhett Butler, and the \"search for Scarlett\" led to 1,400 women being interviewed for the part.", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ The original screenplay was written by Sidney Howard and underwent many revisions by several writers in an attempt to get it down to a suitable length.", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ The original director, George Cukor, was fired shortly after filming began and was replaced by Fleming, who in turn was briefly replaced by Sam Wood while Fleming took some time off because he was exhausted.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ The films listed below have been cited by a variety of notable critics in varying media sources as being among the worst films ever made.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ Examples of such sources include Metacritic, Roger Ebert's list of most-hated films, \"The Golden Turkey Awards\", \"Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide\", Rotten Tomatoes, the Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\", and the Golden Raspberry Awards (\"Razzies\").", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ \"Reefer Madness\" (originally released as \"Tell Your Children\" and sometimes titled or subtitled as \"The Burning Question\", \"Dope Addict\", \"Doped Youth\", and \"Love Madness\") is a 1936 American exploitation film and propaganda work revolving around the melodramatic events that ensue when high school students are lured by pushers to try marijuana—from a hit and run accident, to manslaughter, suicide, attempted rape, and descent into madness.", "Vajiravudh College __knowledge__ Vajiravudh College is a private all-boys boarding school located at 197 Rajvithi Road, Dusit, Bangkok 10300 Thailand.", "Vajiravudh College __knowledge__ The school was established by Phra Mongkut Klao Chaoyuhua - King Rama VI who is also known as King Vajiravudh.", "Vajiravudh College __knowledge__ It was originally named the Royal Pages College (in Thai:Ma-had-lek-luang) then the king shifted Thai King College students to Royal Pages College and rename as Vajiravudh College.", "Vajiravudh College __knowledge__ In the college, the students are accommodated in houses (Ka-na) which are generally in primary and secondly education houses.", "Vajiravudh College __knowledge__ The primary students stay in 3 houses called Sanamchan, Nandhauthayan and Saranrom.", "Credit default swap __knowledge__ A credit default swap (CDS) is a financial swap agreement that the seller of the CDS will compensate the buyer (usually the creditor of the reference loan) in the event of a loan default (by the debtor) or other credit event.", "Credit default swap __knowledge__ That is, the seller of the CDS insures the buyer against some reference loan defaulting.", "Credit default swap __knowledge__ The buyer of the CDS makes a series of payments (the CDS \"fee\" or \"spread\") to the seller and, in exchange, receives a payoff if the loan defaults.", "Credit default swap __knowledge__ It was invented by Blythe Masters from JP Morgan in 1994.", "Credit default swap __knowledge__ In the event of default the buyer of the CDS receives compensation (usually the face value of the loan), and the seller of the CDS takes possession of the defaulted loan.", "Stop Online Piracy Act __knowledge__ The Stop Online Piracy Act (SOPA) was a controversial United States bill introduced by U.S. Representative Lamar S. Smith (R-TX) to expand the ability of U.S. law enforcement to combat online copyright infringement and online trafficking in counterfeit goods.", "Stop Online Piracy Act __knowledge__ Provisions included the requesting of court orders to bar advertising networks and payment facilities from conducting business with infringing websites, and web search engines from linking to the websites, and court orders requiring Internet service providers to block access to the websites.", "Stop Online Piracy Act __knowledge__ The proposed law would have expanded existing criminal laws to include unauthorized streaming of copyrighted content, imposing a maximum penalty of five years in prison.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "Prioritarianism __knowledge__ Prioritarianism or the priority view is a view within ethics and political philosophy that holds that for goodness of an outcome is a function of overall well-being across all individuals with extra weight given to worse-off individuals.", "Prioritarianism __knowledge__ Prioritarianism, resembles utilitarianism.", "Prioritarianism __knowledge__ Indeed, like utilitarianism, prioritarianism is a form of aggregative consequentialism; however, it differs from utilitarianism in that it does not rank outcomes \"solely\" on the basis of overall well-being, but also the well-being benefit of being prioritized.", "Prioritarianism __knowledge__ The term \"prioritarianism\" was coined by moral philosopher Larry Temkin in an effort to explicate the theory's non-egalitarian form.", "George McGovern __knowledge__ George Stanley McGovern (July 19, 1922 – October 21, 2012) was an American historian, author, U.S. Representative, U.S.", "George McGovern __knowledge__ Senator, and the Democratic Party presidential nominee in the 1972 presidential election.", "George McGovern __knowledge__ McGovern grew up in Mitchell, South Dakota, where he was a renowned debater.", "George McGovern __knowledge__ He volunteered for the U.S. Army Air Forces upon the country's entry into World War II and as a B-24 Liberator pilot flew 35 frequently dangerous missions over German-occupied Europe.", "George McGovern __knowledge__ Among the medals bestowed upon him was a Distinguished Flying Cross for making a hazardous emergency landing of his damaged plane and saving his crew.", "Scarlett (G.I. Joe) __knowledge__ Scarlett (also released as \"Agent Scarlett\") is a fictional character from the \"\" toyline, comic books and cartoon series.", "Scarlett (G.I. Joe) __knowledge__ She is one of the original members of the G.I.", "Scarlett (G.I. Joe) __knowledge__ Joe Team, and debuted in 1982.", "Scarlett (G.I. Joe) __knowledge__ The character is also featured in both the \"\" animated series and comic books.", "Scarlett (G.I. Joe) __knowledge__ Scarlett is portrayed by actress Rachel Nichols in the 2009 film \"\".", "Scarlett (G.I. Joe) __knowledge__ Her real name is Shana M. O'Hara, and she was born in Atlanta, Georgia.", "Scarlett (G.I. Joe) __knowledge__ Her primary specialty for the team is counter intelligence.", "Scarlett (G.I. Joe) __knowledge__ Scarlett is additionally skilled in martial arts and acrobatics.", "Scarlett (G.I. Joe) __knowledge__ She started training at age 9 with her father and three brothers, who were all instructors, and she earned her first black belt at age 15.", "Gone with the Wind (novel) __knowledge__ Gone with the Wind is a novel by American writer Margaret Mitchell, first published in 1936.", "Gone with the Wind (novel) __knowledge__ The story is set in Clayton County and Atlanta, both in Georgia, during the American Civil War and Reconstruction Era.", "Gone with the Wind (novel) __knowledge__ It depicts the struggles of young Scarlett O'Hara, the spoiled daughter of a well-to-do plantation owner, who must use every means at her disposal to claw her way out of poverty following Sherman's destructive \"March to the Sea\".", "Gone with the Wind (novel) __knowledge__ This historical novel features a \"Bildungsroman\" or coming-of-age story, with the title taken from a poem written by Ernest Dowson.", "Gone with the Wind (novel) __knowledge__ \"Gone with the Wind\" was popular with American readers from the outset and was the top American fiction bestseller in 1936 and 1937.", "Scarlett Nicholls __knowledge__ Scarlett Mary Nicholls is a fictional character from the British ITV soap opera, \"Emmerdale\".", "Scarlett Nicholls __knowledge__ She is played by Kelsey-Beth Crossley and made her first appearance on 2 March 2007.", "Scarlett Nicholls __knowledge__ It was announced on 8 May 2011 that Crossley was leaving the show.", "Scarlett Nicholls __knowledge__ She made her final appearance on 28 July 2011.", "Scarlett Nicholls __knowledge__ On 21 October 2012, it was announced Crossley would make a brief return to \"Emmerdale\".", "Scarlett Nicholls __knowledge__ Scarlett is the only daughter of millionaire Tom King (Ken Farrington) and Carrie Nicholls (Linda Lusardi).", "Scarlett Nicholls __knowledge__ Carrie was a nurse taking care of Tom's wife, Mary, as she was dying of cancer and their relationship continued after Mary's death, resulting in Carrie getting pregnant.", "The Power of Five __knowledge__ The Power of Five (also known as The Gatekeepers in the US) is a series of five fantasy and suspense novels, written by English author Anthony Horowitz and published between 2005 and 2012.", "The Power of Five __knowledge__ It is an updated re-imagining of Horowitz's \"Pentagram\" series, which the author had left unfinished in the 1980s.", "The Power of Five __knowledge__ The series is published in the United Kingdom by Walker Books Ltd and in the United States by Scholastic Press.", "The Power of Five __knowledge__ The novels deal heavily in the occult and examples of things such as human sacrifice and blood rituals are major plot elements, such as in the first book, where Matthew Freeman is hunted by a Cult who want to conduct a blood sacrifice on him to blast open a portal using a combination of nuclear physics and black magic, to unlock another dimension which is holding a group of ancient evil demons captive.", "Matthew Scarlett __knowledge__ Matthew Scarlett (born 5 June 1979) is a retired Australian rules footballer, who formerly played for the Geelong Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL).", "Matthew Scarlett __knowledge__ A fullback, tall and weighing , Scarlett is the eldest son of former Geelong footballer John Scarlett.", "Matthew Scarlett __knowledge__ Scarlett was selected by Geelong with the 45th overall pick in the 1997 AFL Draft under the father-son rule, and made his senior debut for the club in the final round of the 1998 AFL season.", "Matthew Scarlett __knowledge__ Scarlett played predominantly as a fullback, and has garnered a long list of individual accolades.", "Matthew Scarlett __knowledge__ He is a triple premiership player from Geelong's premiership-winning teams of 2007, 2009 and 2011, has won a Carji Greeves Medal and been selected to six All-Australian sides, the most selections for a Geelong player.", "Melanie Hamilton __knowledge__ Melanie Hamilton Wilkes is a fictional character first appearing in the novel \"Gone with the Wind\" by Margaret Mitchell.", "Melanie Hamilton __knowledge__ In the 1939 film she was portrayed by Olivia de Havilland.", "Melanie Hamilton __knowledge__ Melanie is Scarlett O'Hara's sister-in-law and eventually her best friend.", "Melanie Hamilton __knowledge__ Melanie was born in 1843 or 1844.", "Melanie Hamilton __knowledge__ She and her brother Charles are among the last members left of the wealthy Hamilton family.", "Melanie Hamilton __knowledge__ The family has always valued education and sought to provide its members with the finest available.", "Melanie Hamilton __knowledge__ As a result, they have gained a reputation for producing a fair number of intellectuals and several noted lawyers.", "Melanie Hamilton __knowledge__ For several generations they have intermarried with the like-minded Wilkes family." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 3, 48 ]

[ "I have but it has been many years. It's a classic, epic historical romance from 1939!", "I am not really sure about bias exactly. It was set in the American South during the Civil War. Scarlett O'Hara is the main character, the daughter of a plantation owner.", "Scarlett is very strong-willed and spoiled, at least at the beginning. ", "She changes for the better, for sure. She has to claw her way out of poverty during and after the Civil War, after being a super spoiled girl. " ]

[ "Gone with the Wind (film)", "Gone with the Wind (film)", "Gone with the Wind (film)", "Gone with the Wind (film)" ]

[ "Egyptian pyramids\ni would love to visit the egyptian pyramids", "Where are the most known pyramids located?", "where is that located?", "oh nice, have you been?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The Egyptian pyramids are ancient pyramid-shaped masonry structures located in Egypt.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ As of November 2008, sources cite either 118 or 138 as the number of identified Egyptian pyramids.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ Most were built as tombs for the country's pharaohs and their consorts during the Old and Middle Kingdom periods.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The earliest known Egyptian pyramids are found at Saqqara, northwest of Memphis.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The earliest among these is the Pyramid of Djoser (constructed 2630 BC–2611 BC) which was built during the third dynasty.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ This pyramid and its surrounding complex were designed by the architect Imhotep, and are generally considered to be the world's oldest monumental structures constructed of dressed masonry.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The most famous Egyptian pyramids are those found at Giza, on the outskirts of Cairo.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ Several of the Giza pyramids are counted among the largest structures ever built.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The Pyramid of Khufu at Giza is the largest Egyptian pyramid.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ It is the only one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World still in existence.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ By the time of the Early Dynastic Period, those with sufficient means were buried in bench-like structures known as mastabas.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The second historically-documented Egyptian pyramid is attributed to the architect Imhotep, who planned what Egyptologists believe to be a tomb for the pharaoh Djoser.", "Pyramid __knowledge__ A pyramid (from \"\") is a structure whose outer surfaces are triangular and converge to a single point at the top, making the shape roughly a pyramid in the geometric sense.", "Pyramid __knowledge__ The base of a pyramid can be trilateral, quadrilateral, or any polygon shape.", "Pyramid __knowledge__ As such, a pyramid has at least three outer triangular surfaces (at least four faces including the base).", "Pyramid __knowledge__ The square pyramid, with square base and four triangular outer surfaces, is a common version.", "Pyramid __knowledge__ A pyramid's design, with the majority of the weight closer to the ground, and with the pyramidion on top means that less material higher up on the pyramid will be pushing down from above.", "Pyramidology __knowledge__ Pyramidology (or pyramidism) is a term used, sometimes disparagingly, to refer to various pseudoscientific or religious speculations regarding pyramids, most often the Giza pyramid complex and the Great Pyramid of Giza in Egypt.", "Pyramidology __knowledge__ Some \"pyramidologists\" also concern themselves with the monumental structures of pre-Columbian America (such as Teotihuacan, the Mesoamerican Maya civilization, and the Inca of the South American Andes), and the temples of Southeast Asia.", "Pyramidology __knowledge__ Some pyramidologists claim that the Great Pyramid of Giza has encoded within it predictions for the exodus of Moses from Egypt, the crucifixion of Jesus, the start of World War I, the founding of modern-day Israel in 1948, and future events including the beginning of Armageddon; this was discovered by using what they call \"pyramid inches\" to calculate the passage of time where one British inch equals one solar year.", "Joseph's Granaries __knowledge__ Joseph's Granaries is a designation for the Egyptian pyramids often used by early travelers to the region.", "Joseph's Granaries __knowledge__ The notion of a granary (\"horreum\", ) being associated with the Hebrew patriarch Joseph derives from the account in Genesis 41, where “he gathered up all the food of the seven years when there was plenty in the land of Egypt, and stored up food in the cities ... And Joseph \"stored up grain in great abundance, like the sand of the sea\", until he ceased to measure it, for it could not be measured” (vv.", "Joseph's Granaries __knowledge__ 48-9, RSV).", "Joseph's Granaries __knowledge__ “So when the famine had spread over all the land, Joseph opened all the storehouses (\"\" Vulgate, LXX) and sold to the Egyptians”(v. 56).", "Golden ratio __knowledge__ In mathematics, two quantities are in the golden ratio if their ratio is the same as the ratio of their sum to the larger of the two quantities.", "Golden ratio __knowledge__ The figure on the right illustrates the geometric relationship.", "Golden ratio __knowledge__ Expressed algebraically, for quantities \"a\" and \"b\" with \"a\" > \"b\" > 0, where the Greek letter phi (formula_2 or formula_3) represents the golden ratio.", "Golden ratio __knowledge__ It is an irrational number with a value of: The golden ratio is also called the golden mean or golden section (Latin: \"sectio aurea\").", "Golden ratio __knowledge__ Other names include extreme and mean ratio, medial section, divine proportion, divine section (Latin: \"sectio divina\"), golden proportion, golden cut, and golden number.", "Egyptian pyramid construction techniques __knowledge__ There have been many hypotheses about the Egyptian pyramid construction techniques.", "Egyptian pyramid construction techniques __knowledge__ These techniques seem to have developed over time; later pyramids were not built the same way as earlier ones.", "Egyptian pyramid construction techniques __knowledge__ Most of the construction hypotheses are based on the idea that huge stones were carved with copper chisels from stone quarries, and these blocks were then dragged and lifted into position.", "Egyptian pyramid construction techniques __knowledge__ Disagreements chiefly concern the methods used to move and place the stones.", "Egyptian pyramid construction techniques __knowledge__ In addition to the many unresolved arguments about the construction techniques, there have been disagreements as to the kind of workforce used.", "Yanni __knowledge__ Yiannis Chryssomallis (, \"Giánnis Chrysomállis\"; born November 14, 1954), known professionally as Yanni ( ), is a Greek composer, keyboardist, pianist, and music producer who has spent his adult life in the United States.", "Yanni __knowledge__ Yanni continues to use the musical shorthand that he developed as a child, blending jazz, classical, soft rock, and world music to create predominantly instrumental works.", "Yanni __knowledge__ Although this genre of music was not well suited for commercial pop radio and music television, Yanni received international recognition by producing concerts at historic monuments and by producing videos that were broadcast on public television." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The Egyptian pyramids are ancient pyramid-shaped masonry structures located in Egypt.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ As of November 2008, sources cite either 118 or 138 as the number of identified Egyptian pyramids.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ Most were built as tombs for the country's pharaohs and their consorts during the Old and Middle Kingdom periods.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The earliest known Egyptian pyramids are found at Saqqara, northwest of Memphis.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The earliest among these is the Pyramid of Djoser (constructed 2630 BC–2611 BC) which was built during the third dynasty.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ This pyramid and its surrounding complex were designed by the architect Imhotep, and are generally considered to be the world's oldest monumental structures constructed of dressed masonry.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The most famous Egyptian pyramids are those found at Giza, on the outskirts of Cairo.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ Several of the Giza pyramids are counted among the largest structures ever built.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The Pyramid of Khufu at Giza is the largest Egyptian pyramid.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ It is the only one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World still in existence.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ By the time of the Early Dynastic Period, those with sufficient means were buried in bench-like structures known as mastabas.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The second historically-documented Egyptian pyramid is attributed to the architect Imhotep, who planned what Egyptologists believe to be a tomb for the pharaoh Djoser.", "Rouslan Saghabalyan __knowledge__ Rouslan Saghabalyan (arm.", "Rouslan Saghabalyan __knowledge__ Ռուսլան Փարնավազի Սաղաբալյան, rus.", "Rouslan Saghabalyan __knowledge__ Руслан Парнавазович Сагабалян; born January 20, 1951) is a Russian writer, journalist and screenwriter of Armenian origin.", "Rouslan Saghabalyan __knowledge__ He has also written under the pen name Sagarus (rus.", "Rouslan Saghabalyan __knowledge__ САГАРУС).", "Rouslan Saghabalyan __knowledge__ Rouslan Saghabalyan is a Russian writer, journalist, screenwriter of Armenian origin.", "Rouslan Saghabalyan __knowledge__ Was born on January 15, 1951, in Grozni, Russia.", "Rouslan Saghabalyan __knowledge__ He moved to Armenia at the age of 5 with his parents.", "Rouslan Saghabalyan __knowledge__ After finishing the Russian Language school 58, studied at Yerevan State University Faculty of Russian Philology.", "Rouslan Saghabalyan __knowledge__ From 1975 to 1982 has worked at \"Literary Armenia\" magazine.", "Earth pyramids of Platten __knowledge__ The earth pyramids of Platten (German: \"Erdpyramiden von Platten\" or \"Erdpyramiden bei Oberwielenbach\"; ) are earth pyramids located in Platten in the municipality of Percha, near Bruneck in South Tyrol, Italy.", "Earth pyramids of Platten __knowledge__ The erosion area is located at an altitude of 1550 to 1750 meters.", "Earth pyramids of Platten __knowledge__ What is so impressive about the pyramids of Platten is their wildness which reminds at the same time also of their fragility.", "Earth pyramids of Platten __knowledge__ The pyramids of Platten belong to the most beautiful natural monuments of South Tyrol such as the earth pyramids of Ritten and part of the earth pyramids of South Tyrol.", "Earth pyramids of Platten __knowledge__ They were described in a scientific manner for the first time by Karl Meusburger in 1914 .", "Demersatheca __knowledge__ Demersatheca is a genus of extinct vascular plants of the Early Devonian (Pragian, around ).", "Demersatheca __knowledge__ Fossils were first found in the Posongchong Formation of eastern Yunnan, China.", "Demersatheca __knowledge__ The plant had smooth leafless stems at least 1 mm in diameter, but only regions which bore spore-forming organs or sporangia are well-known.", "Demersatheca __knowledge__ Sporangia were borne in 'spikes' or strobili, at least 40 mm long; one had 32 sporangia.", "Demersatheca __knowledge__ Sporangia were arranged in four rows, two sporangia being opposite to one another on the stem with the next two being at right angles.", "Demersatheca __knowledge__ Each sporangium consisted of two 'valves' which opened at the top to release their spores.", "Great Pyramid of Cholula __knowledge__ The Great Pyramid of Cholula, also known as (Nahuatl for \"made-by-hand mountain\"), is a huge complex located in Cholula, Puebla, Mexico.", "Great Pyramid of Cholula __knowledge__ It is the largest archaeological site of a pyramid (temple) in the New World, as well as the largest pyramid known to exist in the world today.", "Great Pyramid of Cholula __knowledge__ The pyramid stands above the surrounding plain, and in its final form it measured .", "Great Pyramid of Cholula __knowledge__ The pyramid is a temple that traditionally has been viewed as having been dedicated to the god Quetzalcoatl.", "Great Pyramid of Cholula __knowledge__ The architectural style of the building was linked closely to that of Teotihuacan in the Valley of Mexico, although influence from the Gulf Coast also is evident, especially from El Tajín.", "Nyuserre Ini __knowledge__ Nyuserre Ini (also Niuserre Ini or Neuserre Ini; in Greek known as Rathurês, \"´Ραθούρης\") was an Ancient Egyptian pharaoh, the sixth ruler of the Fifth Dynasty during the Old Kingdom period.", "Nyuserre Ini __knowledge__ He is credited with a reign of 24 to 35 years depending on the scholar, and likely lived in the second half of the 25th century BCE.", "Nyuserre Ini __knowledge__ Nyuserre was the younger son of Neferirkare Kakai and queen Khentkaus II, and the brother of the short-lived king Neferefre.", "Nyuserre Ini __knowledge__ He may have succeeded his brother directly, as indicated by much later historical sources.", "Nyuserre Ini __knowledge__ Alternatively, Shepseskare may have reigned between the two as advocated by Miroslav Verner, albeit only for a few weeks or months at the most.", "Pyramid __knowledge__ A pyramid (from \"\") is a structure whose outer surfaces are triangular and converge to a single point at the top, making the shape roughly a pyramid in the geometric sense.", "Pyramid __knowledge__ The base of a pyramid can be trilateral, quadrilateral, or any polygon shape.", "Pyramid __knowledge__ As such, a pyramid has at least three outer triangular surfaces (at least four faces including the base).", "Pyramid __knowledge__ The square pyramid, with square base and four triangular outer surfaces, is a common version.", "Pyramid __knowledge__ A pyramid's design, with the majority of the weight closer to the ground, and with the pyramidion on top means that less material higher up on the pyramid will be pushing down from above.", "Joseph's Granaries __knowledge__ Joseph's Granaries is a designation for the Egyptian pyramids often used by early travelers to the region.", "Joseph's Granaries __knowledge__ The notion of a granary (\"horreum\", ) being associated with the Hebrew patriarch Joseph derives from the account in Genesis 41, where “he gathered up all the food of the seven years when there was plenty in the land of Egypt, and stored up food in the cities ... And Joseph \"stored up grain in great abundance, like the sand of the sea\", until he ceased to measure it, for it could not be measured” (vv.", "Joseph's Granaries __knowledge__ 48-9, RSV).", "Joseph's Granaries __knowledge__ “So when the famine had spread over all the land, Joseph opened all the storehouses (\"\" Vulgate, LXX) and sold to the Egyptians”(v. 56).", "Aurat Ka Pyar __knowledge__ Aurat Ka Pyar (\"A Woman's Love\") is a 1933 Indian film directed by A. R. Kardar.", "Aurat Ka Pyar __knowledge__ The film was produced by the East India Film Company, in Calcutta.", "Aurat Ka Pyar __knowledge__ Kardar had moved from Lahore to Calcutta where he directed several films for the company from 1933–36, including \"Aurat Ka Pyar\".", "Aurat Ka Pyar __knowledge__ The music composer was Mushtaq Ahmed and lyrics were by Agha Hashar Kashmiri, who also scripted the film.", "Aurat Ka Pyar __knowledge__ It starred Gul Hamid, Mukhtar Begum, Mazhar Khan, Anwari Bai, Bacha, Abdul Sattar and Athar.", "Aurat Ka Pyar __knowledge__ The film was a commercial success at the box-office and proclaimed Kardar as a \"talented film-maker\".", "Aurat Ka Pyar __knowledge__ One of the notable songs from this film was the classical, \"Chori Kahin Khule Na Naseem-e-Bahar Ki\", sung by the famous singer and actress Mukhtar Begum in Raga Darbari.", "Egyptian pyramid construction techniques __knowledge__ There have been many hypotheses about the Egyptian pyramid construction techniques.", "Egyptian pyramid construction techniques __knowledge__ These techniques seem to have developed over time; later pyramids were not built the same way as earlier ones.", "Egyptian pyramid construction techniques __knowledge__ Most of the construction hypotheses are based on the idea that huge stones were carved with copper chisels from stone quarries, and these blocks were then dragged and lifted into position.", "Egyptian pyramid construction techniques __knowledge__ Disagreements chiefly concern the methods used to move and place the stones.", "Egyptian pyramid construction techniques __knowledge__ In addition to the many unresolved arguments about the construction techniques, there have been disagreements as to the kind of workforce used.", "Fifth Street Historic District __knowledge__ Fifth Street Historic District is a national historic district located at Lynchburg, Virginia.", "Fifth Street Historic District __knowledge__ The district encompasses 57 contributing buildings and 1 contributing object in a historically African-American section of Lynchburg.", "Fifth Street Historic District __knowledge__ It includes a variety of residential, commercial, and institutional buildings, with about half dating to the period spanning from 1875 to 1940.", "Fifth Street Historic District __knowledge__ Located in the district are the separately listed Kentucky Hotel, the Western Hotel, the William Phaup House, and the Pyramid Motors building.", "Fifth Street Historic District __knowledge__ Other notable buildings include the Augustine Leftwich House (c. 1817), tobacco factories (1877-1885), the Humbles Building (1915), M.R.", "Giza pyramid complex __knowledge__ The Giza pyramid complex (, , \"pyramids of Giza\") is an archaeological site on the Giza Plateau, on the outskirts of Cairo, Egypt.", "Giza pyramid complex __knowledge__ This complex of ancient monuments includes the three pyramid complexes known as the Great Pyramids, the massive sculpture known as the Great Sphinx, several cemeteries, a workers' village and an industrial complex.", "Giza pyramid complex __knowledge__ It is located in the Western Desert, approximately 9 km (5 mi) west of the Nile river at the old town of Giza, and about 13 km (8 mi) southwest of Cairo city centre.", "Giza pyramid complex __knowledge__ The pyramids, which have historically been common as emblems of ancient Egypt in the Western imagination, were popularised in Hellenistic times, when the Great Pyramid was listed by Antipater of Sidon as one of the Seven Wonders of the World." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The Egyptian pyramids are ancient pyramid-shaped masonry structures located in Egypt.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ As of November 2008, sources cite either 118 or 138 as the number of identified Egyptian pyramids.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ Most were built as tombs for the country's pharaohs and their consorts during the Old and Middle Kingdom periods.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The earliest known Egyptian pyramids are found at Saqqara, northwest of Memphis.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The earliest among these is the Pyramid of Djoser (constructed 2630 BC–2611 BC) which was built during the third dynasty.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ This pyramid and its surrounding complex were designed by the architect Imhotep, and are generally considered to be the world's oldest monumental structures constructed of dressed masonry.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The most famous Egyptian pyramids are those found at Giza, on the outskirts of Cairo.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ Several of the Giza pyramids are counted among the largest structures ever built.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The Pyramid of Khufu at Giza is the largest Egyptian pyramid.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ It is the only one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World still in existence.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ By the time of the Early Dynastic Period, those with sufficient means were buried in bench-like structures known as mastabas.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The second historically-documented Egyptian pyramid is attributed to the architect Imhotep, who planned what Egyptologists believe to be a tomb for the pharaoh Djoser.", "Industry in Syracuse, New York __knowledge__ Manufacturing and industry in Syracuse, New York proliferated from the late 1870s through the early 20th century, a period known as the Industrial Revolution.", "Industry in Syracuse, New York __knowledge__ The Central New York area was home to a multitude of manufacturers in the late 19th century through the mid-1960s which produced a great era of prosperity for the city.", "Industry in Syracuse, New York __knowledge__ During the early 1900s, some 87 large industries were scattered throughout the city of Syracuse.", "Industry in Syracuse, New York __knowledge__ The principal businesses were located along Erie Boulevard and the city line and around the shore of Onondaga Lake and manufactured goods such as typewriters, candles, pottery, gears, electrical and air-conditioning equipment, traffic signals, plated silverware, window fixtures for trains, cast stone building blocks, clothes-pressing machines, and doorknobs.", "Fictional locations in Thomas &amp; Friends __knowledge__ The television series \"Thomas & Friends\" is mostly set on the fictional Island of Sodor.", "Fictional locations in Thomas &amp; Friends __knowledge__ The children's books the series is based on, The Railway Series by Rev.", "Fictional locations in Thomas &amp; Friends __knowledge__ W. Awdry and his son Christopher features a slightly different set of locations.", "Fictional locations in Thomas &amp; Friends __knowledge__ This lists each and every town and local village located across the Island of Sodor, served by the standard gauge North Western, the narrow gauge Skarloey and the 15-inch gauge Arlesdale Railways, respectively.", "Fictional locations in Thomas &amp; Friends __knowledge__ Abbey Station is located on the Peel Godred Branch Line.", "Fictional locations in Thomas &amp; Friends __knowledge__ Arlesburgh is an ancient seaside town, located upon both sides of River Arle Estuary on the west coast of the Island of Sodor, along Duck's Branch Line - The Little Western, between Bluff's Cove and Harwick.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (2700–2799) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Roads in Texas are owned and maintained by the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT).", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (2700–2799) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 2700 (or FM 2700) is located entirely in Callahan County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (2700–2799) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 2701 (or FM 2701) is located in Knox and Haskell counties.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (2700–2799) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 2702 (or FM 2702) is located entirely in Jones County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (2700–2799) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 2703 (or FM 2703) is located entirely in Jones County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (2700–2799) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 2704 (or FM 2704) is a former highway that was located entirely in Bosque County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (2700–2799) __knowledge__ No highway currently uses the FM 2704 designation.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (2700–2799) __knowledge__ FM 2704 was designated on September 20, 1961, running from FM 56 north of Valley Mills eastward to a county road.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1000–1099) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Roads in Texas are owned and maintained by the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT).", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1000–1099) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 1001 (or FM 1001) is located entirely in Titus County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1000–1099) __knowledge__ FM 1001 begins at an intersection with US 67/Farm to Market Road 2348 just east of Mount Pleasant.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1000–1099) __knowledge__ The highway travels in a northeast direction and crosses I-30 before entering Argo.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1000–1099) __knowledge__ After leaving Argo, FM 1001 turns east and ends at an intersection with FM 1993/County Road 3425.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1000–1099) __knowledge__ FM 1001 was designated on November 23, 1948, running from US 67 to Argo.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1000–1099) __knowledge__ The highway was extended to its current terminus at FM 1993 on October 29, 1953.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1500–1599) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Roads in Texas are owned and maintained by the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT).", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1500–1599) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 1500 (or FM 1500) is located entirely in Lamar County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1500–1599) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 1501 (or FM 1501) is located entirely in Lamar County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1500–1599) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 1502 (or FM 1502) is located entirely in Lamar County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1500–1599) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 1503 (or FM 1503) is located entirely in Lamar County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1500–1599) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 1504 (or FM 1504) is located entirely in Van Zandt County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1500–1599) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 1505 (or FM 1505) is located entirely in El Paso County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1500–1599) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 1506 (or FM 1506) is located entirely in Lamar County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1600–1699) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Roads in Texas are owned and maintained by the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT).", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1600–1699) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 1600 (or FM 1600) is located entirely in Milam County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1600–1699) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 1601 (or FM 1601) is located in Ector and Crane counties.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1600–1699) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 1602 (or FM 1602) is located entirely in Hamilton County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1600–1699) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 1603 (or FM 1603) is located entirely in Navarro County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1600–1699) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 1604 (or FM 1604) was designated on November 7, 1980 on its current route as a renumbering of the FM 308 spur connection in Irene.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1600–1699) __knowledge__ The road was not signed until very recently, as parts of the old FM 1604 may have still been signed.", "Augusta, Ontario __knowledge__ Augusta Township is a township in the United Counties of Leeds and Grenville; located in eastern Ontario, Canada.", "Augusta, Ontario __knowledge__ Augusta is situated along the Saint Lawrence River, and extends back into rural hamlets.", "Augusta, Ontario __knowledge__ The township is located between the city of Brockville to the west, and the town of Prescott to the east.", "Augusta, Ontario __knowledge__ The hamlets and villages within Augusta were established prior to the 1900s; primarily by the United Empire Loyalists.", "Augusta, Ontario __knowledge__ There are plenty of buildings and homes still standing in the township today that were built by early settlers; many of these historic homes are even still occupied by direct descendants of the first settlers.", "Giza pyramid complex __knowledge__ The Giza pyramid complex (, , \"pyramids of Giza\") is an archaeological site on the Giza Plateau, on the outskirts of Cairo, Egypt.", "Giza pyramid complex __knowledge__ This complex of ancient monuments includes the three pyramid complexes known as the Great Pyramids, the massive sculpture known as the Great Sphinx, several cemeteries, a workers' village and an industrial complex.", "Giza pyramid complex __knowledge__ It is located in the Western Desert, approximately 9 km (5 mi) west of the Nile river at the old town of Giza, and about 13 km (8 mi) southwest of Cairo city centre.", "Giza pyramid complex __knowledge__ The pyramids, which have historically been common as emblems of ancient Egypt in the Western imagination, were popularised in Hellenistic times, when the Great Pyramid was listed by Antipater of Sidon as one of the Seven Wonders of the World.", "Great Pyramid of Giza __knowledge__ The Great Pyramid of Giza (also known as the Pyramid of Khufu or the Pyramid of Cheops) is the oldest and largest of the three pyramids in the Giza pyramid complex bordering what is now El Giza, Egypt.", "Great Pyramid of Giza __knowledge__ It is the oldest of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, and the only one to remain largely intact.", "Great Pyramid of Giza __knowledge__ Based on a mark in an interior chamber naming the work gang and a reference to fourth dynasty Egyptian Pharaoh Khufu, Egyptologists believe that the pyramid was built as a tomb over a 10 to 20-year period concluding around 2560 BC.", "Great Pyramid of Giza __knowledge__ Initially at , the Great Pyramid was the tallest man-made structure in the world for more than 3,800 years.", "Orion correlation theory __knowledge__ The Orion correlation theory (or Giza–Orion correlation theory) is a hypothesis in alternative Egyptology.", "Orion correlation theory __knowledge__ Its central claim is that there is a correlation between the location of the three largest pyramids of the Giza pyramid complex and Orion's Belt of the constellation Orion, and that this correlation was intended as such by the builders of the pyramids.", "Orion correlation theory __knowledge__ The stars of Orion were associated with Osiris, the god of rebirth and afterlife, by the ancient Egyptians.", "Orion correlation theory __knowledge__ Depending on the version of the theory, additional pyramids can be included to complete the picture of the Orion constellation, and the Nile river can be included to match with the Milky Way galaxy.", "Pyramid of Neferefre __knowledge__ The Pyramid of Neferefre, also known as the Pyramid of Raneferef, is an unfinished Egyptian pyramid from the Fifth Dynasty, located in the necropolis of Abusir, Egypt.", "Pyramid of Neferefre __knowledge__ After the early death of Pharaoh Neferefre, the unfinished building was reconstructed into a geometric mastaba, becoming the burial place of the deceased king.", "Pyramid of Neferefre __knowledge__ Despite the demolition of the actual pyramid, the complex was augmented through extensive construction of temples by Raneferef's successors.", "Pyramid of Neferefre __knowledge__ The pyramid was initially ignored by egyptologists.", "Pyramid of Neferefre __knowledge__ The first assignment was made by Karl Richard Lepsius, who called it \"Lepsius XXVI\", but a definitive research was established in 1974 by the Czech team of Charles University in Prague under Miroslav Verner.", "Pyramid __knowledge__ A pyramid (from \"\") is a structure whose outer surfaces are triangular and converge to a single point at the top, making the shape roughly a pyramid in the geometric sense.", "Pyramid __knowledge__ The base of a pyramid can be trilateral, quadrilateral, or any polygon shape.", "Pyramid __knowledge__ As such, a pyramid has at least three outer triangular surfaces (at least four faces including the base).", "Pyramid __knowledge__ The square pyramid, with square base and four triangular outer surfaces, is a common version.", "Pyramid __knowledge__ A pyramid's design, with the majority of the weight closer to the ground, and with the pyramidion on top means that less material higher up on the pyramid will be pushing down from above.", "Nyuserre Ini __knowledge__ Nyuserre Ini (also Niuserre Ini or Neuserre Ini; in Greek known as Rathurês, \"´Ραθούρης\") was an Ancient Egyptian pharaoh, the sixth ruler of the Fifth Dynasty during the Old Kingdom period.", "Nyuserre Ini __knowledge__ He is credited with a reign of 24 to 35 years depending on the scholar, and likely lived in the second half of the 25th century BCE.", "Nyuserre Ini __knowledge__ Nyuserre was the younger son of Neferirkare Kakai and queen Khentkaus II, and the brother of the short-lived king Neferefre.", "Nyuserre Ini __knowledge__ He may have succeeded his brother directly, as indicated by much later historical sources.", "Nyuserre Ini __knowledge__ Alternatively, Shepseskare may have reigned between the two as advocated by Miroslav Verner, albeit only for a few weeks or months at the most." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The Egyptian pyramids are ancient pyramid-shaped masonry structures located in Egypt.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ As of November 2008, sources cite either 118 or 138 as the number of identified Egyptian pyramids.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ Most were built as tombs for the country's pharaohs and their consorts during the Old and Middle Kingdom periods.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The earliest known Egyptian pyramids are found at Saqqara, northwest of Memphis.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The earliest among these is the Pyramid of Djoser (constructed 2630 BC–2611 BC) which was built during the third dynasty.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ This pyramid and its surrounding complex were designed by the architect Imhotep, and are generally considered to be the world's oldest monumental structures constructed of dressed masonry.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The most famous Egyptian pyramids are those found at Giza, on the outskirts of Cairo.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ Several of the Giza pyramids are counted among the largest structures ever built.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The Pyramid of Khufu at Giza is the largest Egyptian pyramid.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ It is the only one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World still in existence.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ By the time of the Early Dynastic Period, those with sufficient means were buried in bench-like structures known as mastabas.", "Egyptian pyramids __knowledge__ The second historically-documented Egyptian pyramid is attributed to the architect Imhotep, who planned what Egyptologists believe to be a tomb for the pharaoh Djoser.", "Agathe-Sophie Sasserno __knowledge__ Agathe-Sophie Sasserno (3 October 1810 – 6 June 1860) was a French poet.", "Agathe-Sophie Sasserno __knowledge__ Agathe-Sophie Sasserno was born in 1810 at the place Victor (today the place Garibaldi) in Nice She was the daughter of Lieutenant Colonel Louis Sasserno, a former aide of André Masséna, and Marie Sibille Chartroux.", "Agathe-Sophie Sasserno __knowledge__ She was a cousin of the painter Giovanni Battista Biscarra.", "Agathe-Sophie Sasserno __knowledge__ She wrote her first poem at the age of fourteen to distract her father.", "Agathe-Sophie Sasserno __knowledge__ According to Jean-Baptiste Toselli, she received much praise for this, which encouraged her to continue.", "Agathe-Sophie Sasserno __knowledge__ She remained single all her life and devoted herself entirely to poetry.", "Agathe-Sophie Sasserno __knowledge__ Although she wrote in French she considered herself Italian so she dedicated her work \"Les Sylphides\" (1838) to King Charles Albert of Sardinia.", "Stan Honda __knowledge__ Stan Honda is a prolific and award-winning American photojournalist.", "Stan Honda __knowledge__ Honda's first job as a professional photojournalist, following working as a volunteer photojournalist at the campus newspaper of the University of California at San Diego, was a 1981 gig at the Daily Californian.", "Stan Honda __knowledge__ Since then Honda has been employed by numerous publications, including: the San Diego Union Tribune, the Los Angeles Times, New York Newsday, The National Post, and Agence France-Presse.", "Stan Honda __knowledge__ Honda is also an amateur Astronomer, who has given lectures on photographing the night sky.", "Stan Honda __knowledge__ In 2005 the journal \"Visual Resources\" published a special issue devoted to \"\"Photojournalism, Mass Media and the Politics of Spectacle\"\".", "Nice __knowledge__ Nice (, ; Niçard , classical norm, or \"\", nonstandard, ; ; ; ) is the fifth most populous city in France and the capital of the Alpes-Maritimes \"département\".", "Nice __knowledge__ The urban area of Nice extends beyond the administrative city limits, with a population of about 1 million on an area of .", "Nice __knowledge__ Located in the French Riviera, on the south east coast of France on the Mediterranean Sea, at the foot of the Alps, Nice is the second-largest French city on the Mediterranean coast and the second-largest city in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region after Marseille.", "Nice __knowledge__ Nice is about 13 kilometres (8 miles) from the principality of Monaco, and its airport is a gateway to the principality as well.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The Bell OH-58 Kiowa is a family of single-engine, single-rotor, military helicopters used for observation, utility, and direct fire support.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ Bell Helicopter manufactured the OH-58 for the United States Army based on its Model 206A JetRanger helicopter.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The OH-58 was in continuous U.S. Army service from 1969 to 2017, when it was retired and replaced in this role by the Boeing AH-64 Apache.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The latest model, the \"OH-58D Kiowa Warrior\", is primarily operated in an armed reconnaissance role in support of ground troops.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The OH-58 has been exported to Austria, Canada, Croatia, the Dominican Republic, Taiwan, Saudi Arabia, and Greece.", "Have a nice day __knowledge__ Have a nice day is a commonly spoken expression used to conclude a conversation (whether brief or extensive), or end a message by hoping the person to whom it is addressed experiences a pleasant day.", "Have a nice day __knowledge__ Since it is often uttered by service employees to customers at the end of a transaction, particularly in Israel and the United States, its repetitious and dutiful usage has resulted in the phrase developing, according to some journalists and scholars, especially outside of these two countries, a cultural connotation of impersonality, lack of interest, passive–aggressive behavior, or sarcasm.", "Have a nice day __knowledge__ The phrase is generally not used in Europe, as some find it artificial or even offensive.", "Dan Mangan __knowledge__ Daniel Mangan (born April 28, 1983) is a Vancouver-based, two-time JUNO Award winning Canadian musician.", "Dan Mangan __knowledge__ He has also been a contributing writer for \"The Guardian\" Arts section, \"Montecristo Magazine\" and \"Huffington Post Canada\".", "Dan Mangan __knowledge__ Mangan's family moved often, residing in both the provinces of Ontario and British Columbia, but primarily in his current home town of Vancouver.", "Dan Mangan __knowledge__ He was influenced by his parents' record collection, especially the music of Nick Drake and The Beatles.", "Dan Mangan __knowledge__ At sixteen, Mangan started a band called Basement Suite with some classmates and played gigs at local community centres.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters in the comic book series The Boys, created by Garth Ennis and Darick Robertson.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ The Boys are a CIA black ops team, initially created by Col. Greg Mallory to manage, police, and sometimes liquidate Vought-American's superhumans.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ While this is in part to help protect normal humans from the actions of the largely out of control \"supes,\" this is also to ensure that the company lack the stability or the platform to push the use of superhumans in national defense.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ Over time, however, the team's focus was changed, due to Butcher's increased influence, from one of management and containment to one of direct confrontation.", "Cairo __knowledge__ Cairo ( ; ', , ') is the capital and largest city of Egypt.", "Cairo __knowledge__ The city's metropolitan area is the largest in the Middle East and the Arab world, and the 15th-largest in the world, and is associated with ancient Egypt, as the famous Giza pyramid complex and the ancient city of Memphis are located in its geographical area.", "Cairo __knowledge__ Located near the Nile Delta, modern Cairo was founded in 969 CE by the Fatimid dynasty, but the land composing the present-day city was the site of ancient national capitals whose remnants remain visible in parts of Old Cairo.", "Cairo __knowledge__ Cairo has long been a center of the region's political and cultural life, and is titled \"the city of a thousand minarets\" for its preponderance of Islamic architecture.", "Yom Kippur War __knowledge__ The Yom Kippur War, Ramadan War, or October War (, ', or מלחמת יום כיפור\", \"; , ', or , '), also known as the 1973 Arab–Israeli War, was a war fought by a coalition of Arab states led by Egypt and Syria against Israel from October 6 to 25, 1973.", "Yom Kippur War __knowledge__ The fighting mostly took place in the Sinai and the Golan Heights, territories that had been occupied by Israel since the Six-Day War of 1967.", "Yom Kippur War __knowledge__ Egyptian President Anwar Sadat also wanted to reopen the Suez Canal.", "Yom Kippur War __knowledge__ Neither specifically planned to destroy Israel, although the Israeli leaders could not be sure of that.", "Yom Kippur War __knowledge__ The war began when the Arab coalition launched a joint surprise attack on Israeli positions in the Israeli-occupied territories on Yom Kippur, the holiest day in Judaism, which also occurred that year during the Muslim holy month of Ramadan.", "2012–13 Egyptian protests __knowledge__ The 2012–13 Egyptian protests were part of a large scale popular uprising in Egypt against then-President Mohamed Morsi.", "2012–13 Egyptian protests __knowledge__ On 22 November 2012, millions of protesters began protesting against Morsi, after his government announced a temporary constitutional declaration that in effect granted the president unlimited powers.", "2012–13 Egyptian protests __knowledge__ Morsi deemed the decree necessary to protect the elected constituent assembly from a planned dissolution by judges appointed during the Mubarak era.", "2012–13 Egyptian protests __knowledge__ The demonstrations were organized by Egyptian opposition organizations and individuals, mainly liberals, leftists, secularists and Christians.", "Egypt __knowledge__ Egypt ( ; ', , \"Kēmi\"), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia by a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula.", "Egypt __knowledge__ Egypt is a Mediterranean country bordered by the Gaza Strip and Israel to the northeast, the Gulf of Aqaba to the east, the Red Sea to the east and south, Sudan to the south, and Libya to the west.", "Egypt __knowledge__ Across the Gulf of Aqaba lies Jordan, and across from the Sinai Peninsula lies Saudi Arabia, although Jordan and Saudi Arabia do not share a land border with Egypt.", "Egypt __knowledge__ Egypt emerged as one of the world's first nation states in the tenth millennium BC.", "Suez Crisis __knowledge__ The Suez Crisis or the Second Arab–Israeli War also named the Tripartite Aggression (in the Arab world) and Operation Kadesh or Sinai War (in Israel), was an invasion of Egypt in late 1956 by Israel, followed by the United Kingdom and France.", "Suez Crisis __knowledge__ The aims were to regain Western control of the Suez Canal and to remove Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser, who had just nationalized the canal.", "Suez Crisis __knowledge__ After the fighting had started, political pressure from the United States, the Soviet Union, and the United Nations led to a withdrawal by the three invaders.", "Suez Crisis __knowledge__ The episode humiliated Great Britain and France and strengthened Nasser.", "Environmental issues in Egypt __knowledge__ Egypt's environmental problems include water scarcity, air pollution, damage to historic monuments, and animal welfare issues.", "Environmental issues in Egypt __knowledge__ The air pollution in Cairo is a matter of serious concern.", "Environmental issues in Egypt __knowledge__ The air quality in downtown Cairo is more than 10 to 100 times of acceptable world standards.", "Environmental issues in Egypt __knowledge__ Cairo has a very poor factor because of lack of rain and its layout of tall buildings and narrow streets, which create a bowl effect (bad ventilation and consequent trapping of pollutants).", "Environmental issues in Egypt __knowledge__ The main air pollution problem in Egypt is the particulate matter.", "Environmental issues in Egypt __knowledge__ The most notable sources of the dust and small particles is transportation, industry and open-air waste-burning.", "Egypt Eyalet __knowledge__ The Eyalet of Egypt was the result of the conquest of Mamluk Egypt by the Ottoman Empire in 1517, following the Ottoman–Mamluk War (1516–1517) and the absorption of Syria into the Empire in 1516.", "Egypt Eyalet __knowledge__ Egypt was administered as an eyalet of the Ottoman Empire ( \"\") from 1517 until 1867, with an interruption during the French occupation of 1798 to 1801.", "Egypt Eyalet __knowledge__ Egypt was always a difficult province for the Ottoman Sultans to control, due in part to the continuing power and influence of the Mamluks, the Egyptian military caste who had ruled the country for centuries.", "Egypt Eyalet __knowledge__ As such, Egypt remained semi-autonomous under the Mamluks until it was invaded by the French forces of Napoleon I in 1798." ] ]

[ 2, 71, 58, 7 ]

[ "As of 2008 there are either 118 or 138 pyramids you can visit if you would like.", "The Giza Pyramid Complex includes 3 of the large pyramids for you to view in one place.", "It is on the outskirts of Cairo, Egypt ", "Yes I am been to the most famous pyramids, the Giza pyramids." ]

[ "Egyptian pyramids", "Egyptian pyramids", "Egyptian pyramids", "Egyptian pyramids" ]

[ "Pet", "For me, the biggest benefit my dog provides me is stress relief, but there are many others.", "Interesting, are you a fan of The Office? Why was that your favorite episode?", "Do you follow Paul Lieberstein the actor who played Toby?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pet __knowledge__ A pet or companion animal is an animal kept primarily for a person's company, protection, or entertainment rather than as a working animal, livestock, or laboratory animal.", "Pet __knowledge__ Popular pets are often noted for their attractive appearances and their loyal or playful personalities.", "Pet __knowledge__ Pets provide their owners (or guardians) both physical and emotional benefits.", "Pet __knowledge__ Walking a dog can supply both the human and pet with exercise, fresh air, and social interaction.", "Pet __knowledge__ Pets can give companionship to elderly adults who do not have adequate social interaction with other people, as well as to other people who are living alone.", "Pet __knowledge__ There is a medically approved class of therapy animals, mostly dogs or cats, that are brought to visit confined humans, such as children in hospitals or elders in nursing homes.", "Pet __knowledge__ Pet therapy utilizes trained animals and handlers to achieve specific physical, social, cognitive, and emotional goals with patients.", "Pet __knowledge__ Some of the most popular pets are likely dogs and cats; other animals commonly kept may include (but are not limited to) pigs, ferrets, and rabbits; rodents such as gerbils, hamsters, chinchillas, rats, and guinea pigs; avian pets, such as parrots, passerines, and fowl; reptile pets, such as turtles, lizards and snakes; aquatic pets, such as fish, freshwater and saltwater snails, and frogs; arthropod pets, such as tarantulas and hermit crabs." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pet __knowledge__ A pet or companion animal is an animal kept primarily for a person's company, protection, or entertainment rather than as a working animal, livestock, or laboratory animal.", "Pet __knowledge__ Popular pets are often noted for their attractive appearances and their loyal or playful personalities.", "Pet __knowledge__ Pets provide their owners (or guardians) both physical and emotional benefits.", "Pet __knowledge__ Walking a dog can supply both the human and pet with exercise, fresh air, and social interaction.", "Pet __knowledge__ Pets can give companionship to elderly adults who do not have adequate social interaction with other people, as well as to other people who are living alone.", "Pet __knowledge__ There is a medically approved class of therapy animals, mostly dogs or cats, that are brought to visit confined humans, such as children in hospitals or elders in nursing homes.", "Pet __knowledge__ Pet therapy utilizes trained animals and handlers to achieve specific physical, social, cognitive, and emotional goals with patients.", "Pet __knowledge__ Some of the most popular pets are likely dogs and cats; other animals commonly kept may include (but are not limited to) pigs, ferrets, and rabbits; rodents such as gerbils, hamsters, chinchillas, rats, and guinea pigs; avian pets, such as parrots, passerines, and fowl; reptile pets, such as turtles, lizards and snakes; aquatic pets, such as fish, freshwater and saltwater snails, and frogs; arthropod pets, such as tarantulas and hermit crabs.", "Vibratory stress relief __knowledge__ Vibratory Stress Relief, often abbreviated VSR, is a non-thermal stress relief method used by the metal working industry to enhance the dimensional stability and mechanical integrity of castings, forgings, and welded components, chiefly for two categories of these metal workpieces: These stresses are called \"residual stresses\", because they reside within the metal workpiece.", "Vibratory stress relief __knowledge__ Residual stresses are caused by rapid, unequal cooling as opposed to the stresses caused by external loading.", "Vibratory stress relief __knowledge__ This unequal cooling occurs during welding, casting, forging, rough machining or hot rolling.", "Vibratory stress relief __knowledge__ These stresses often lead to distortion or warping of the structure during machining, assembly, testing, transport, field-use or over time.", "Stress Relief (The Office) __knowledge__ \"Stress Relief\" is a two-part episode of the American comedy television series \"The Office\".", "Stress Relief (The Office) __knowledge__ They constituted the fourteenth and fifteenth episode of the fifth season, and the 86th and 87th overall episodes of the series.", "Stress Relief (The Office) __knowledge__ Both episodes were directed by Jeffrey Blitz and written by Paul Lieberstein, who also plays Toby Flenderson on the show.", "Stress Relief (The Office) __knowledge__ In this episode, Dwight stages a fire in the office to test the office's fire safety skills, but things go from bad to worse when Stanley suffers a heart attack, causing Michael to come up with ways to relieve stress in the office, including a comedic roast of himself.", "Residual stress __knowledge__ Residual stresses are stresses that remain in a solid material after the original cause of the stresses has been removed.", "Residual stress __knowledge__ Residual stress may be desirable or undesirable.", "Residual stress __knowledge__ For example, laser peening imparts deep beneficial compressive residual stresses into metal components such as turbine engine fan blades, and it is used in toughened glass to allow for large, thin, crack- and scratch-resistant glass displays on smartphones.", "Residual stress __knowledge__ However, unintended residual stress in a designed structure may cause it to fail prematurely.", "Residual stress __knowledge__ Residual stresses can occur through a variety of mechanisms including inelastic (plastic) deformations, temperature gradients (during thermal cycle) or structural changes (phase transformation).", "Thermomechanical analysis __knowledge__ Thermomechanical analysis (TMA) is a technique used in thermal analysis, a branch of materials science which studies the properties of materials as they change with temperature.", "Thermomechanical analysis __knowledge__ Thermomechanical analysis is a subdiscipline of the thermomechanometry (TM) technique.", "Thermomechanical analysis __knowledge__ Thermomechanometry is the measurement of a change of a dimension or a mechanical property of the sample while it is subjected to a temperature regime.", "Thermomechanical analysis __knowledge__ An associated thermoanalytical method is thermomechanical analysis.", "Thermomechanical analysis __knowledge__ A special related technique is thermodilatometry (TD), the measurement of a change of a dimension of the sample with a negligible force acting on the sample while it is subjected to a temperature regime.", "Stress corrosion cracking __knowledge__ Stress corrosion cracking (SCC) is the growth of crack formation in a corrosive environment.", "Stress corrosion cracking __knowledge__ It can lead to unexpected sudden failure of normally ductile metals subjected to a tensile stress, especially at elevated temperature.", "Stress corrosion cracking __knowledge__ SCC is highly chemically specific in that certain alloys are likely to undergo SCC only when exposed to a small number of chemical environments.", "Stress corrosion cracking __knowledge__ The chemical environment that causes SCC for a given alloy is often one which is only mildly corrosive to the metal.", "Stress corrosion cracking __knowledge__ Hence, metal parts with severe SCC can appear bright and shiny, while being filled with microscopic cracks.", "Stress corrosion cracking __knowledge__ This factor makes it common for SCC to go undetected prior to failure.", "The Office (U.S. season 5) __knowledge__ The fifth season of the American television comedy \"The Office\" premiered in the United States in the 2008–2009 television season on NBC on September 25, 2008 and concluded on May 14, 2009.", "The Office (U.S. season 5) __knowledge__ The fifth season consisted of 28 half-hours of material, divided into 24 half-hour episodes and two hour-long episodes.", "The Office (U.S. season 5) __knowledge__ \"The Office\" is an American adaptation of the British TV series of the same name, and is presented in a mockumentary format, portraying the daily lives of office employees in the Scranton, Pennsylvania branch of the fictitious Dunder Mifflin Paper Company.", "The Office (U.S. season 5) __knowledge__ The fifth season of \"The Office\" aired on Thursdays at 9:00 p.m. (Eastern).", "Active Minds __knowledge__ Active Minds is a nonprofit organization dedicated to raising mental health awareness among college students, on the peer level.", "Active Minds __knowledge__ Active Minds was founded by Alison Malmon in 2003, after her older brother died by suicide in 2000.", "Active Minds __knowledge__ Active Minds was established by Alison Malmon in June 2003.", "Active Minds __knowledge__ Malmon founded Active Minds after her older brother, Brian, died by suicide on March 24, 2000.", "Active Minds __knowledge__ While a junior at the University of Pennsylvania, Alison was driven to combat the stigma and lack of understanding that she felt contributed to Brian’s death, so she developed a student organization to promote mental health awareness on her campus.", "Giga Pet __knowledge__ Giga Pets are digital pets (also known as virtual pets or artificial pets) that were first released in the United States by Tiger Electronics in 1997 in the midst of a virtual-pet toy fad.", "Giga Pet __knowledge__ Available in a variety of different characters, essentially each is a palm-sized video screen attached to a key ring.", "Giga Pet __knowledge__ To ensure a happy, healthy pet, its owner has to take care of it in some of the same ways one might care for a real animal.", "Giga Pet __knowledge__ Among other things, Giga Pets have to be fed, cleaned, and played with.", "Giga Pet __knowledge__ Giga Pets are \"born\" on a tiny LCD screen after the owner pulls back a tab on the back.", "Giga Pet __knowledge__ The pets come to life in different ways.", "Dog's fashion __knowledge__ Dog's fashion is a popular style or practice, especially in canine clothing and accessories.", "Dog's fashion __knowledge__ Dog fashion is a distinctive trend of the style in which people dress their canine companions.", "Dog's fashion __knowledge__ This trend dates back to the Egyptian pre-dynastic period and in recent times it has expanded due to increased consumer capitalism.", "Dog's fashion __knowledge__ There is evidence from ancient Egypt that people were using decorative collars to adorn their dogs.", "Dog's fashion __knowledge__ One collar was discovered in the tomb of the ancient Egyptian nobleman Maiharpiri in 1440 BC.", "Dog's fashion __knowledge__ It depicts hunting scenes embossed into leather.", "Dog's fashion __knowledge__ The dog's name, Tantanouit, is visible on the collar.", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Hello Kitty Online __knowledge__ Hello Kitty Online (HKO) is a free-to-play massively multiplayer online role playing game developed by Sanrio Digital and Typhoon Games.", "Hello Kitty Online __knowledge__ The game is tied to the SanrioTown website, where players are required to register a free account.", "Hello Kitty Online __knowledge__ The game tells the story of a hero (the player) helping Hello Kitty and her friends wake up from eternal slumber and defeat a \"mysterious and malevolent power\".", "Hello Kitty Online __knowledge__ SanrioDigital hosted three phases of testing.", "Hello Kitty Online __knowledge__ The closed beta application was announced on February 13, 2008 running through February 21, 2008.", "Hello Kitty Online __knowledge__ More than 50,000 applications were submitted.", "Hello Kitty Online __knowledge__ Due to the limited number of testing accounts available, applicants were instructed to create a video explaining why the applicant should be chosen to participate in the closed beta test.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ The following is a list of episodes from the American animated children's television series, \"Wonder Pets!\".", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ It debuted on March 3, 2006, on the Nick Jr. block of the Nickelodeon cable television network and Noggin (now Nick Jr.) on December 27, 2006.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ 1.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ Save the Dolphin!/Save the Chimp!", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ (Air Date 9/18/06) The Wonder Pets travel to Hawaii to save a baby dolphin caught in a fishing net who is in danger of drowning.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ The Wonder Pets rig their Flyboat for space travel and head for the stars to rescue a baby chimp whose spaceship is about to be hit by a meteor!", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ (Fact: Christine Ka'aloa plays the mother dolphin in this first episode.)", "Pet Emergency Management __knowledge__ Emergency management is the discipline of dealing with and avoiding risks.", "Pet Emergency Management __knowledge__ The concept and terminology \"pet emergency management\" was developed by renowned pet safety expert Ines de Pablo in the spring of 2007.", "Pet Emergency Management __knowledge__ \"Defining pet emergency management\" is a registered trademark of Ms. de Pablo's company, namely Wag'N Enterprises.", "Pet Emergency Management __knowledge__ With her background in the field of emergency management, Ms. de Pablo determined it was time to apply her expertise to the pet world/industry.", "Pet Emergency Management __knowledge__ Pet emergency management is the application of emergency management practices in regards to pet safety.", "Pet Emergency Management __knowledge__ It involves mitigation measures (i.e." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pet __knowledge__ A pet or companion animal is an animal kept primarily for a person's company, protection, or entertainment rather than as a working animal, livestock, or laboratory animal.", "Pet __knowledge__ Popular pets are often noted for their attractive appearances and their loyal or playful personalities.", "Pet __knowledge__ Pets provide their owners (or guardians) both physical and emotional benefits.", "Pet __knowledge__ Walking a dog can supply both the human and pet with exercise, fresh air, and social interaction.", "Pet __knowledge__ Pets can give companionship to elderly adults who do not have adequate social interaction with other people, as well as to other people who are living alone.", "Pet __knowledge__ There is a medically approved class of therapy animals, mostly dogs or cats, that are brought to visit confined humans, such as children in hospitals or elders in nursing homes.", "Pet __knowledge__ Pet therapy utilizes trained animals and handlers to achieve specific physical, social, cognitive, and emotional goals with patients.", "Pet __knowledge__ Some of the most popular pets are likely dogs and cats; other animals commonly kept may include (but are not limited to) pigs, ferrets, and rabbits; rodents such as gerbils, hamsters, chinchillas, rats, and guinea pigs; avian pets, such as parrots, passerines, and fowl; reptile pets, such as turtles, lizards and snakes; aquatic pets, such as fish, freshwater and saltwater snails, and frogs; arthropod pets, such as tarantulas and hermit crabs.", "Run (Scandal) __knowledge__ \"Run\" is the tenth episode, serving as a mid-season premiere of the fourth season of the American political thriller television series \"Scandal\", and is the 57th overall episode, which aired on ABC on January 29, 2015.", "Run (Scandal) __knowledge__ The episode was written by showrunner Shonda Rhimes and directed by executive producer Tom Verica.", "Run (Scandal) __knowledge__ The episode serves as a bottle episode, in which the episode focuses solely on Olivia's kidnapping and her captivity in a jail cell, which she shares with a cellmate named Ian McLeod.", "Run (Scandal) __knowledge__ The episode features the fewest series regulars of any episode of the series, with only four regulars appearing: Olivia Pope, Jake Ballard, President Fitzgerald \"Fitz\" Grant lll and Abby Whelan.", "Friday Night Bites __knowledge__ \"Friday Night Bites\" is the third episode of the first season of The CW television series, \"The Vampire Diaries\" and the third episode of the series overall.", "Friday Night Bites __knowledge__ It originally aired on Thursday, September 24, 2009.", "Friday Night Bites __knowledge__ The episode was written by Barbie Kligman and Bryan M. Holdman and directed by John Dahl.", "Friday Night Bites __knowledge__ Caroline (Candice Accola) awakens after the night she spent with Damon (Ian Somerhalder) to find bite marks on her neck.", "Friday Night Bites __knowledge__ She tries to escape from her room before Damon hears her, but he thwarts her attempt and attacks her again.", "Friday Night Bites __knowledge__ Bonnie (Kat Graham) worries about Elena (Nina Dobrev) being with Stefan (Paul Wesley) after the bad feeling she got when she touched his hand.", "The Measure of a Man (Star Trek: The Next Generation) __knowledge__ \"The Measure of a Man\" is the ninth episode of the of the American science fiction television series \"\", the 35th episode overall.", "The Measure of a Man (Star Trek: The Next Generation) __knowledge__ It was originally released on February 13, 1989, in broadcast syndication.", "The Measure of a Man (Star Trek: The Next Generation) __knowledge__ It was written as a spec script by former attorney and \"\" novelist Melinda M. Snodgrass.", "The Measure of a Man (Star Trek: The Next Generation) __knowledge__ It was directed by Robert Scheerer.", "The Measure of a Man (Star Trek: The Next Generation) __knowledge__ Set in the 24th century, the series follows the adventures of the crew of the Federation starship \"Enterprise\".", "The Measure of a Man (Star Trek: The Next Generation) __knowledge__ In this episode, the rights of the android officer Lt.", "The Measure of a Man (Star Trek: The Next Generation) __knowledge__ Commander Data (Brent Spiner) are threatened by a scientist who wishes to dismantle him in order to produce replicas of him.", "Maverick (TV series) __knowledge__ Maverick is an American Western television series with comedic overtones created by Roy Huggins.", "Maverick (TV series) __knowledge__ The show ran from September 22, 1957, to July 8, 1962, on ABC.", "Maverick (TV series) __knowledge__ Maverick initially starred James Garner as Bret Maverick, an adroitly articulate cardsharp.", "Maverick (TV series) __knowledge__ Eight episodes into the first season, he was joined by Jack Kelly as his brother Bart Maverick, and for the next two-and-a-half seasons, Garner and Kelly alternated leads from week to week, sometimes teaming up for the occasional two-brother episode.", "Maverick (TV series) __knowledge__ The Mavericks were poker players from Texas who traveled all over the American Old West and on Mississippi riverboats, constantly getting into and out of life-threatening trouble of one sort or another, usually involving money, women, or both.", "Big Gay Al's Big Gay Boat Ride __knowledge__ \"Big Gay Al's Big Gay Boat Ride\" is the fourth episode in the first season of the American animated television series \"South Park\".", "Big Gay Al's Big Gay Boat Ride __knowledge__ It originally aired on September 3, 1997 on Comedy Central in the United States.", "Big Gay Al's Big Gay Boat Ride __knowledge__ The episode was written by series co-founders Trey Parker and Matt Stone, and directed by Parker.", "Big Gay Al's Big Gay Boat Ride __knowledge__ In this episode, Stan's dog, Sparky, is revealed to be gay after humping a rival male dog.", "Big Gay Al's Big Gay Boat Ride __knowledge__ Under peer pressure, Stan tries to make him more masculine, and as a result, Sparky runs away and ends up at Big Gay Al's Big Gay Animal Sanctuary.", "Big Gay Al's Big Gay Boat Ride __knowledge__ Stan comes to understand homosexuality and tries to make everyone in South Park accept it.", "Yesterday's Enterprise __knowledge__ \"Yesterday's Enterprise\" is the 63rd episode of the American science fiction television series \"\".", "Yesterday's Enterprise __knowledge__ It is the 15th episode of the , first airing in syndication in the week of February 19, 1990.", "Yesterday's Enterprise __knowledge__ Set in the 24th century, the series follows the adventures of the crew of the Federation starship \"Enterprise\".", "Yesterday's Enterprise __knowledge__ In the story, the ship's crew must decide whether to send the time-traveling \"Enterprise\"-C back through a temporal rift to its certain destruction, to prevent damaging changes to their timeline.", "Yesterday's Enterprise __knowledge__ The plot for \"Yesterday's Enterprise\" was based on the merging of two story ideas—one featured the crew of the time-traveling \"Enterprise\"-C and the other the return of Denise Crosby, whose character had been killed in the show's first season.", "Clyde Bruckman's Final Repose __knowledge__ \"Clyde Bruckman's Final Repose\" is the fourth episode of the third season of the American science fiction television series \"The X-Files\".", "Clyde Bruckman's Final Repose __knowledge__ Directed by David Nutter and written by Darin Morgan, the installment serves as a \"Monster-of-the-Week\" story—a stand-alone plot unconnected to the overarching mythology of \"The X-Files\".", "Clyde Bruckman's Final Repose __knowledge__ Originally aired by the Fox network on October 13, 1995, \"Clyde Bruckman's Final Repose\" received a Nielsen rating of 10.2 and was seen by 15.38 million viewers.", "Clyde Bruckman's Final Repose __knowledge__ The episode received critical acclaim, and several writers named it among the best in the series.", "Clyde Bruckman's Final Repose __knowledge__ The episode won both an Emmy for Outstanding Writing in a Drama Series as well as an Emmy for Outstanding Guest Actor in a Drama Series.", "Stress Relief (The Office) __knowledge__ \"Stress Relief\" is a two-part episode of the American comedy television series \"The Office\".", "Stress Relief (The Office) __knowledge__ They constituted the fourteenth and fifteenth episode of the fifth season, and the 86th and 87th overall episodes of the series.", "Stress Relief (The Office) __knowledge__ Both episodes were directed by Jeffrey Blitz and written by Paul Lieberstein, who also plays Toby Flenderson on the show.", "Stress Relief (The Office) __knowledge__ In this episode, Dwight stages a fire in the office to test the office's fire safety skills, but things go from bad to worse when Stanley suffers a heart attack, causing Michael to come up with ways to relieve stress in the office, including a comedic roast of himself.", "Vibratory stress relief __knowledge__ Vibratory Stress Relief, often abbreviated VSR, is a non-thermal stress relief method used by the metal working industry to enhance the dimensional stability and mechanical integrity of castings, forgings, and welded components, chiefly for two categories of these metal workpieces: These stresses are called \"residual stresses\", because they reside within the metal workpiece.", "Vibratory stress relief __knowledge__ Residual stresses are caused by rapid, unequal cooling as opposed to the stresses caused by external loading.", "Vibratory stress relief __knowledge__ This unequal cooling occurs during welding, casting, forging, rough machining or hot rolling.", "Vibratory stress relief __knowledge__ These stresses often lead to distortion or warping of the structure during machining, assembly, testing, transport, field-use or over time.", "Residual stress __knowledge__ Residual stresses are stresses that remain in a solid material after the original cause of the stresses has been removed.", "Residual stress __knowledge__ Residual stress may be desirable or undesirable.", "Residual stress __knowledge__ For example, laser peening imparts deep beneficial compressive residual stresses into metal components such as turbine engine fan blades, and it is used in toughened glass to allow for large, thin, crack- and scratch-resistant glass displays on smartphones.", "Residual stress __knowledge__ However, unintended residual stress in a designed structure may cause it to fail prematurely.", "Residual stress __knowledge__ Residual stresses can occur through a variety of mechanisms including inelastic (plastic) deformations, temperature gradients (during thermal cycle) or structural changes (phase transformation).", "The Office (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ The Office is an American television comedy series that aired on NBC from March 24, 2005, to May 16, 2013.", "The Office (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ It is an adaptation of the original BBC series of the same name.", "The Office (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ \"The Office\" was adapted for American audiences by Greg Daniels, a veteran writer for \"Saturday Night Live\", \"King of the Hill\", and \"The Simpsons\".", "The Office (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ It was co-produced by Daniels' Deedle-Dee Productions, and Reveille Productions (later Shine America), in association with Universal Television.", "The Office (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ The original executive producers were Greg Daniels, Howard Klein, Ben Silverman, Ricky Gervais, and Stephen Merchant, with numerous others being promoted in later seasons.", "The Office (U.S. season 5) __knowledge__ The fifth season of the American television comedy \"The Office\" premiered in the United States in the 2008–2009 television season on NBC on September 25, 2008 and concluded on May 14, 2009.", "The Office (U.S. season 5) __knowledge__ The fifth season consisted of 28 half-hours of material, divided into 24 half-hour episodes and two hour-long episodes.", "The Office (U.S. season 5) __knowledge__ \"The Office\" is an American adaptation of the British TV series of the same name, and is presented in a mockumentary format, portraying the daily lives of office employees in the Scranton, Pennsylvania branch of the fictitious Dunder Mifflin Paper Company.", "The Office (U.S. season 5) __knowledge__ The fifth season of \"The Office\" aired on Thursdays at 9:00 p.m. (Eastern).", "List of The Office (U.S. TV series) characters __knowledge__ \"The Office\" is a television series based on the British television comedy of the same name.", "List of The Office (U.S. TV series) characters __knowledge__ The format of the series is a parody of the fly on the wall documentary technique that intersperses traditional situation comedy segments with mock interviews with the show's characters, provides the audience access to the ongoing interior monologues for all of the main characters, as well as occasional insights into other characters within the show.", "List of The Office (U.S. TV series) characters __knowledge__ Joleen MaryAnn \"Jo\" Bennett (Kathy Bates) is the CEO of Sabre, the company that buys Dunder Mifflin in season 6.", "List of The Office (U.S. TV series) characters __knowledge__ In season 8 she gives up the CEO position but remains chairman of the board.", "Angela Martin __knowledge__ Angela Noelle Schrute (née Martin; formerly Lipton) is a fictional character from the US television series \"The Office\" played by American actress Angela Kinsey.", "Angela Martin __knowledge__ She is an original character, and has no equivalent in the original British show, \"The Office\".", "Angela Martin __knowledge__ Angela Martin is the head of the accounting department at the Scranton branch of the fictitious paper distribution company Dunder Mifflin, extension 128.", "Angela Martin __knowledge__ Cold, condescending, judgmental and uptight, Angela is often negative and frowns upon all frivolous activity in the office, and openly expressed her disapproval of office receptionist Pam Beesly’s flirtation with coworker Jim Halpert." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pet __knowledge__ A pet or companion animal is an animal kept primarily for a person's company, protection, or entertainment rather than as a working animal, livestock, or laboratory animal.", "Pet __knowledge__ Popular pets are often noted for their attractive appearances and their loyal or playful personalities.", "Pet __knowledge__ Pets provide their owners (or guardians) both physical and emotional benefits.", "Pet __knowledge__ Walking a dog can supply both the human and pet with exercise, fresh air, and social interaction.", "Pet __knowledge__ Pets can give companionship to elderly adults who do not have adequate social interaction with other people, as well as to other people who are living alone.", "Pet __knowledge__ There is a medically approved class of therapy animals, mostly dogs or cats, that are brought to visit confined humans, such as children in hospitals or elders in nursing homes.", "Pet __knowledge__ Pet therapy utilizes trained animals and handlers to achieve specific physical, social, cognitive, and emotional goals with patients.", "Pet __knowledge__ Some of the most popular pets are likely dogs and cats; other animals commonly kept may include (but are not limited to) pigs, ferrets, and rabbits; rodents such as gerbils, hamsters, chinchillas, rats, and guinea pigs; avian pets, such as parrots, passerines, and fowl; reptile pets, such as turtles, lizards and snakes; aquatic pets, such as fish, freshwater and saltwater snails, and frogs; arthropod pets, such as tarantulas and hermit crabs.", "Goodbye, Toby __knowledge__ \"Goodbye, Toby\" is the fourth season hour-long finale of the American comedy television series \"The Office\", and the show's seventy-first and seventy-second episodes overall.", "Goodbye, Toby __knowledge__ Written by Paul Lieberstein and Jennifer Celotta, and directed by Paul Feig, the episode first aired in the United States on May 15, 2008 on NBC.", "Goodbye, Toby __knowledge__ The series—presented as if it were a real documentary—depicts the everyday lives of office employees in the Scranton, Pennsylvania, branch of the fictional Dunder Mifflin Paper Company.", "Goodbye, Toby __knowledge__ In this episode, Toby Flenderson (Lieberstein) spends his last day at Dunder Mifflin before moving to Costa Rica.", "Toby Flenderson __knowledge__ Toby Flenderson, M.S.W.", "Toby Flenderson __knowledge__ (born in 1971) is a fictional character on the U.S. comedy television series, \"The Office\".", "Toby Flenderson __knowledge__ He is portrayed by the show's writer, director, producer and showrunner Paul Lieberstein, and is an original character with no equivalent in The Office (UK TV series).", "Toby Flenderson __knowledge__ Toby Flenderson is the human resources representative for the Scranton branch of paper distributor Dunder Mifflin/Sabre.", "Toby Flenderson __knowledge__ Mild-mannered to the point of being physically incapable to voice his opinions or assert himself, Toby can be somewhat mournful about his life choices (he fell into the field of Human Resources after leaving his training at seminary in order to pursue the woman he'd later marry and painfully divorce).", "The Office (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ The Office is an American television comedy series that aired on NBC from March 24, 2005, to May 16, 2013.", "The Office (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ It is an adaptation of the original BBC series of the same name.", "The Office (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ \"The Office\" was adapted for American audiences by Greg Daniels, a veteran writer for \"Saturday Night Live\", \"King of the Hill\", and \"The Simpsons\".", "The Office (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ It was co-produced by Daniels' Deedle-Dee Productions, and Reveille Productions (later Shine America), in association with Universal Television.", "The Office (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ The original executive producers were Greg Daniels, Howard Klein, Ben Silverman, Ricky Gervais, and Stephen Merchant, with numerous others being promoted in later seasons.", "The Office (U.S. season 4) __knowledge__ The fourth season of the American television comedy \"The Office\" premiered in the United States on NBC on September 27, 2007, and concluded on May 15, 2008.", "The Office (U.S. season 4) __knowledge__ The season consisted of 9 half-hour episodes, and 5 hour-long episodes to comprise the 19 total episodes of material created.", "The Office (U.S. season 4) __knowledge__ \"The Office\" is an American adaptation of the British TV series of the same name, and is presented in a mockumentary format, portraying the daily lives of office employees in the Scranton, Pennsylvania branch of the fictitious Dunder Mifflin Paper Company.", "The Office (U.S. season 4) __knowledge__ The season was interrupted and shortened due to the effects of the 2007–2008 Writers Guild of America strike, in which the writers and some actors of \"The Office\" went on strike; although 30 half-hour episodes had been ordered, only 19 were actually filmed.", "Paul Lieberstein __knowledge__ Paul Bevan Lieberstein (born February 22, 1967) is an American screenwriter, actor and television producer.", "Paul Lieberstein __knowledge__ A Primetime Emmy Award winner, he is best known as writer, producer, and as supporting cast member Toby Flenderson on the U.S. version of the sitcom \"The Office\".", "Paul Lieberstein __knowledge__ He served as the series' showrunner from seasons five to eight.", "Paul Lieberstein __knowledge__ On March 22, 2012, it was announced that Lieberstein would step down from his showrunner role to focus on a planned spin-off series featuring Rainn Wilson as Dwight Schrute, which was tentatively called \"The Farm\" and Lieberstein was set to be the showrunner.", "Paul Lieberstein __knowledge__ However, in October 2012, it was announced that NBC was not accepting the spin-off series.", "Last Day in Florida __knowledge__ \"Last Day in Florida\" is the eighteenth episode of the eighth season of the American comedy television series \"The Office\" and the show's 170th episode overall.", "Last Day in Florida __knowledge__ The episode originally aired on NBC in the United States on March 8, 2012.", "Last Day in Florida __knowledge__ \"Last Day in Florida\" was written by Robert Padnick and directed by Matt Sohn.", "Last Day in Florida __knowledge__ The episode features the final appearance of Lindsey Broad and guest stars Georgia Engel.", "Last Day in Florida __knowledge__ The series—presented as if it were a real documentary—depicts the everyday lives of office employees in the Scranton, Pennsylvania, branch of the fictional Dunder Mifflin Paper Company.", "Last Day in Florida __knowledge__ In the episode, Robert California (James Spader) reveals he hates Nellie Bertram's (Catherine Tate) business plan and Jim Halpert (John Krasinski) swings into action to keep Dwight Schrute (Rainn Wilson) from getting fired.", "The Office (U.S. season 5) __knowledge__ The fifth season of the American television comedy \"The Office\" premiered in the United States in the 2008–2009 television season on NBC on September 25, 2008 and concluded on May 14, 2009.", "The Office (U.S. season 5) __knowledge__ The fifth season consisted of 28 half-hours of material, divided into 24 half-hour episodes and two hour-long episodes.", "The Office (U.S. season 5) __knowledge__ \"The Office\" is an American adaptation of the British TV series of the same name, and is presented in a mockumentary format, portraying the daily lives of office employees in the Scranton, Pennsylvania branch of the fictitious Dunder Mifflin Paper Company.", "The Office (U.S. season 5) __knowledge__ The fifth season of \"The Office\" aired on Thursdays at 9:00 p.m. (Eastern).", "Jonathan Marc Sherman __knowledge__ Jonathan Marc Sherman (born 10 October 1968) is a contemporary American playwright.", "Jonathan Marc Sherman __knowledge__ He submitted plays for several years to Young Playwrights Inc.'s National Playwrights Competition before they did a staged reading of his one-act, \"Serendipity and Serenity\" in 1987, followed by a full production of his next play, \"Women and Wallace\" (1988).", "Jonathan Marc Sherman __knowledge__ 1987.", "Jonathan Marc Sherman __knowledge__ Young Playwrights Festival at Playwrights Horizons (staged reading) Winner of the 21st Century Playwrights Award The short play is about a family of two brothers, Toby and Max, and their father, fifteen years after the mother committed suicide.", "Jonathan Marc Sherman __knowledge__ Toby, an idealist who has never quite recovered from his mother's death, still wears diapers at the age of 21 and hardly leaves the house.", "Intimate Exchanges __knowledge__ Intimate Exchanges is a play by Alan Ayckbourn.", "Intimate Exchanges __knowledge__ Written between 1982 and 1983 it consists of eight major stories all originating from a single opening scene.", "Intimate Exchanges __knowledge__ As the play progresses, the characters make choices each of which causes the story to go in one of two directions, leading to one of 16 possible endings.", "Intimate Exchanges __knowledge__ The play was nominated for the 1984 Laurence Olivier Award for Best New Comedy, and a 2006 revival was nominated for the 2008 Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Play on its transfer to the Brits Off Broadway festival in New York.", "Intimate Exchanges __knowledge__ In 1993, six of the eight major variations were made into the two films \"Smoking\"/\"No Smoking\" directed by Alain Resnais.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "Fellini: I'm a Born Liar __knowledge__ Fellini: I'm a Born Liar () is a 2002 French documentary film written and directed by Damian Pettigrew.", "Fellini: I'm a Born Liar __knowledge__ Based on Federico Fellini's last confessions filmed by Pettigrew in Rome in 1991 and 1992 (Fellini died in 1993), the film eschews straightforward biography to highlight the Italian director's unorthodox working methods, conscience, and philosophy.", "Fellini: I'm a Born Liar __knowledge__ A masterclass in cinema aesthetics, the feature documentary uses excerpts and behind-the-scenes from \"8½\", \"Juliet of the Spirits\", \"Histoires extraordinaires\", \"Fellini Satyricon\", \"Amarcord\", \"Fellini's Casanova\", \"And the Ship Sails On\", and \"City of Women\".", "Return to Labyrinth __knowledge__ Return to Labyrinth is an original English-language manga based on the Jim Henson fantasy film \"Labyrinth\".", "Return to Labyrinth __knowledge__ Jake T. Forbes is credited as the creator, and Chris Lie is the illustrator.", "Return to Labyrinth __knowledge__ The covers for all four volumes were drawn by Kouyu Shurei.", "Return to Labyrinth __knowledge__ It is published by Tokyopop.", "Return to Labyrinth __knowledge__ \"Return to Labyrinth\" is a four-part series starting with Volume 1 that was released in August 2006.", "Return to Labyrinth __knowledge__ Volume 2 was released in October, 2007, and was originally going to be titled \"Goblin Prince of the Labyrinth\", but instead the \"Return to Labyrinth\" title is used for all volumes.", "Return to Labyrinth __knowledge__ Originally planned as a three-part series, it was announced at the end of the second volume that the story would be expanded to four volumes.", "List of Switched at Birth characters __knowledge__ \"Switched at Birth\" is an American television drama series centering on Bay Kennish and Daphne Vasquez, who at the age of 15 learn that they were switched at birth.", "List of Switched at Birth characters __knowledge__ The wealthy Kennish family must struggle with the fact that their biological daughter is deaf from having meningitis as a child and must accept the character of working-class, recovering alcoholic Regina Vasquez, Daphne's single \"mother.\"", "List of Switched at Birth characters __knowledge__ Bay and Daphne attempt to find out how their lives would have been if they hadn't been switched.", "List of Switched at Birth characters __knowledge__ The one-hour-long series premiered on June 6, 2011.", "List of Switched at Birth characters __knowledge__ Played by Vanessa Marano, Bay Madeline Kennish-Vasquez (born Daphne Paloma Vasquez) is the rebellious legal daughter of John and Kathryn Kennish; and biological daughter of Regina Vasquez and Angelo Sorrento." ] ]

[ 3, 13, 49, 28 ]

[ "What kind of benefits do pets provide their owners?", "Stress Relief was my favorite episode of the show \"The Office\"", "In part because the actor who played Toby wrote it.", "Yes. I thought he really deserved his Primetime Emmy." ]

[ "Pet", "Pet", "Pet", "Pet" ]

[ "Orange juice", "I know, I used to hate it with the pulp but it really isn't that bad.", "I can agree with that, I just used to not even be able to drink it when it had pulp." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Orange juice __knowledge__ Orange juice is the liquid extract of the fruit of the orange tree, produced by squeezing oranges.", "Orange juice __knowledge__ It comes in several different varieties, including blood orange, navel oranges, valencia orange, clementine, and tangerine.", "Orange juice __knowledge__ As well as variations in oranges used, some varieties include differing amounts of juice vesicles, known as \"pulp\" in American English, and \"juicy bits\" in British English.", "Orange juice __knowledge__ These vesicles contain the juice of the orange and can be left in or removed during the manufacturing process.", "Orange juice __knowledge__ How juicy these vesicles are depend upon many factors, such as species, variety, and season.", "Orange juice __knowledge__ In American English, the beverage name is often abbreviated as \"OJ\".", "Orange juice __knowledge__ Due to the importance of oranges to the economy of the state of Florida, \"the juice obtained from mature oranges of the species Citrus sinensis and hybrids thereof\" was adopted as the official beverage of Florida in 1967.", "Orange juice __knowledge__ Orange juice (along with grapefruit juice) is offered to every visitor at each of the state's five Florida Welcome Centers.", "Orange juice __knowledge__ Commercial orange juice with a long shelf life is made by drying and later rehydrating the juice, or by concentrating the juice and later adding water to the concentrate.", "Orange juice __knowledge__ Prior to drying, the juice may also be pasteurized and oxygen removed from it, necessitating the later addition of a flavor pack, generally made from orange products." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Orange juice __knowledge__ Orange juice is the liquid extract of the fruit of the orange tree, produced by squeezing oranges.", "Orange juice __knowledge__ It comes in several different varieties, including blood orange, navel oranges, valencia orange, clementine, and tangerine.", "Orange juice __knowledge__ As well as variations in oranges used, some varieties include differing amounts of juice vesicles, known as \"pulp\" in American English, and \"juicy bits\" in British English.", "Orange juice __knowledge__ These vesicles contain the juice of the orange and can be left in or removed during the manufacturing process.", "Orange juice __knowledge__ How juicy these vesicles are depend upon many factors, such as species, variety, and season.", "Orange juice __knowledge__ In American English, the beverage name is often abbreviated as \"OJ\".", "Orange juice __knowledge__ Due to the importance of oranges to the economy of the state of Florida, \"the juice obtained from mature oranges of the species Citrus sinensis and hybrids thereof\" was adopted as the official beverage of Florida in 1967.", "Orange juice __knowledge__ Orange juice (along with grapefruit juice) is offered to every visitor at each of the state's five Florida Welcome Centers.", "Orange juice __knowledge__ Commercial orange juice with a long shelf life is made by drying and later rehydrating the juice, or by concentrating the juice and later adding water to the concentrate.", "Orange juice __knowledge__ Prior to drying, the juice may also be pasteurized and oxygen removed from it, necessitating the later addition of a flavor pack, generally made from orange products.", "Bad Religion __knowledge__ Bad Religion is an American punk rock band that formed in Los Angeles, California, in 1980.", "Bad Religion __knowledge__ They make extensive use of three-part vocal harmonies (which they refer to in their album liner notes as the \"oozin' aahs\") and guitar solos, and their lyrics cover many topics, including criticism of religion, political commentary, society in general, dark humor, anti-racism, drugs, freedom, death, personification and equal rights.", "Bad Religion __knowledge__ The band's lineup has changed several times over its lifespan, with lead vocalist Greg Graffin being the only consistent member; the current lineup, however, features three of the band's four original members (Graffin, Brett Gurewitz and Jay Bentley).", "Pulp Fiction __knowledge__ Pulp Fiction is a 1994 American crime film written and directed by Quentin Tarantino, based on a story by Tarantino and Roger Avary, and starring John Travolta, Samuel L. Jackson, Bruce Willis, Ving Rhames, and Uma Thurman.", "Pulp Fiction __knowledge__ The film tells a few stories of criminal Los Angeles.", "Pulp Fiction __knowledge__ The film's title refers to the pulp magazines and hardboiled crime novels popular during the mid-20th century, known for their graphic violence and punchy dialogue.", "Pulp Fiction __knowledge__ The screenplay of \"Pulp Fiction\" was written in 1992 and 1993, and incorporated some scenes originally written by Avary for \"True Romance\".", "Pulp Fiction __knowledge__ Its plot is presented out of chronological order.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Toothache __knowledge__ Toothache, also known as dental pain, is pain in the teeth and/or their supporting structures, caused by dental diseases or pain referred to the teeth by non-dental diseases.", "Toothache __knowledge__ Common causes include inflammation of the pulp, usually in response to tooth decay, dental trauma, or other factors, dentin hypersensitivity (short, sharp pain, usually associated with exposed root surfaces), apical periodontitis (inflammation of the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone around the root apex), dental abscesses (localized collections of pus, such as apical abscess, pericoronal abscess, and periodontal abscess), alveolar osteitis (\"dry socket\", a possible complication of tooth extraction, with loss of the blood clot and exposure of bone), acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (a gum infection, also called \"trenchmouth\"), temporomandibular disorder and others.", "Pulp Summer Slam __knowledge__ Pulp Summer Slam is an annual music festival in the Philippines.", "Pulp Summer Slam __knowledge__ It is founded and produced by Pulp Live World Productions, Inc..", "Pulp Summer Slam __knowledge__ The festival consists of local and international rock and metal bands with the occasional line-up of hip hop, ska, reggae, pop rock, and other genres.", "Pulp Summer Slam __knowledge__ The event is held every year during the summer in Manila, Philippines and every year around 30,000 fans show up for the event.", "Pulp Summer Slam __knowledge__ Pulp Summer Slam held its 10th anniversary at the Amoranto Stadium featuring Lamb of God and Testament as headliners and 30 local and foreign bands on 17 April 2010.", "Pulp Summer Slam __knowledge__ Pulp Summer Slam was produced to cater to the readers of Lokal Tee Brand , a rock music magazine in the Philippines.", "Pulp (paper) __knowledge__ Pulp is a lignocellulosic fibrous material prepared by chemically or mechanically separating cellulose fibres from wood, fiber crops, waste paper, or rags.", "Pulp (paper) __knowledge__ Many kinds of paper are made from wood with nothing else mixed into them.", "Pulp (paper) __knowledge__ This includes newspaper, magazines and even toilet paper.", "Pulp (paper) __knowledge__ Pulp is one of the most abundant raw materials worldwide.", "Pulp (paper) __knowledge__ Pulp for papermaking was produced by macerating mulberry bark as early as the 2nd century in Han dynasty China, where the invention of paper is traditionally attributed to Cai Lun.", "Pulp (paper) __knowledge__ Lu Ji, in his 3rd century commentary on the \"Classic of Poetry\", mentions that people residing south of the Yangtze River would traditionally pound mulberry bark to make paper or clothing.", "Environmental impact of paper __knowledge__ The environmental impact of paper is significant, which has led to changes in industry and behaviour at both business and personal levels.", "Environmental impact of paper __knowledge__ With the use of modern technology such as the printing press and the highly mechanized harvesting of wood, disposable paper became a relatively cheap commodity, which led to a high level of consumption and waste.", "Environmental impact of paper __knowledge__ The rise in global environmental issues such as air and water pollution, climate change, overflowing landfills and clearcutting have all lead to increased government regulations.", "Environmental impact of paper __knowledge__ There is now a trend towards sustainability in the pulp and paper industry as it moves to reduce clear cutting, water use, greenhouse gas emissions, fossil fuel consumption and clean up its impacts on local water supplies and air pollution.", "Tropicana Products __knowledge__ Tropicana Products, Inc. is an American multinational company which primarily makes fruit-based beverages.", "Tropicana Products __knowledge__ It was founded in 1947 by Anthony T. Rossi in Bradenton, Florida.", "Tropicana Products __knowledge__ Since 1998, it has been owned by PepsiCo.", "Tropicana Products __knowledge__ Tropicana's headquarters are in Chicago.", "Tropicana Products __knowledge__ The company specializes in the production of orange juice.", "Tropicana Products __knowledge__ Anthony T. Rossi (1900–1993) was born in Italy on the island of Sicily.", "Tropicana Products __knowledge__ He had the equivalent of a high school education and immigrated to the United States when he was 21 years old.", "Tropicana Products __knowledge__ He drove a taxi, was a grocer in New York, farmed in Virginia, and then moved to Florida in 1940 where he farmed and was a restaurateur.", "Juice __knowledge__ Juice is a beverage made from the extraction or pressing out of the natural liquid contained in fruit and vegetables.", "Juice __knowledge__ It can also refer to liquids that are flavored with these or other biological food sources such as meat and seafood (e.g., clam juice).", "Juice __knowledge__ Juice is commonly consumed as a beverage or used as an ingredient or flavoring in foods or other beverages, such as smoothies.", "Juice __knowledge__ Juice emerged as a popular beverage choice after the development of pasteurization methods allowed for its preservation without using fermentation (the approach used with wine production).", "Juice __knowledge__ The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) estimated the total world production of citrus fruit juices to be 12,840,318 tonnes in 2012.", "Orange (fruit) __knowledge__ The orange is the fruit of the citrus species \"Citrus\" × \"sinensis\" in the family Rutaceae.", "Orange (fruit) __knowledge__ It is also called sweet orange, to distinguish it from the related \"Citrus × aurantium\", referred to as bitter orange.", "Orange (fruit) __knowledge__ The sweet orange reproduces asexually (apomixis through nucellar embryony); varieties of sweet orange arise through mutations.", "Orange (fruit) __knowledge__ The orange is a hybrid between pomelo (\"Citrus maxima\") and mandarin (\"Citrus reticulata\").", "Orange (fruit) __knowledge__ It has genes that are ~25% pomelo and ~75% mandarin; however, it is not a simple backcrossed BC1 hybrid, but hybridized over multiple generations.", "Orange (fruit) __knowledge__ The chloroplast genes, and therefore the maternal line, seem to be pomelo.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ Breakfast is the first meal of a day, most often eaten in the early morning before undertaking the day's work.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The word in English refers to breaking the fasting period of the prior night.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ There is a strong tendency for one or more \"typical\", or \"traditional\", breakfast menus to exist in most places, but the composition of this varies widely from place to place, and has varied over time, so that globally a very wide range of preparations and ingredients are now associated with breakfast.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The Old English word for dinner, \"disner\", means to break a fast, and was the first meal eaten in the day until its meaning shifted in the mid-13th century.", "Margarita __knowledge__ A margarita is a cocktail consisting of tequila, triple sec, and lime juice often served with salt on the rim of the glass.", "Margarita __knowledge__ The drink is served shaken with ice (on the rocks), blended with ice (frozen margarita), or without ice (straight up).", "Margarita __knowledge__ Although it has become acceptable to serve a margarita in a wide variety of glass types, ranging from cocktail and wine glasses to pint glasses and even large schooners, the drink is traditionally served in the eponymous margarita glass, a stepped-diameter variant of a cocktail glass or champagne coupe.", "Margarita __knowledge__ 1937 Cafe Royal Cocktail Book contains a recipe for a Picador using the same concentrations of tequila, triple sec and lime juice as a Margarita.", "Vampiro (cocktail) __knowledge__ The Vampiro is a cold mixed cocktail that includes fruit juice, spices, fruit soda, fresh lime juice, and tequila.", "Vampiro (cocktail) __knowledge__ The Vampiro has a fruity, lightly carbonated, and spicy taste.", "Vampiro (cocktail) __knowledge__ The Vampiro can be made with Mexican sangrita, a prepared drink mixer containing orange juice and chili peppers.", "Vampiro (cocktail) __knowledge__ Once recipe lists the ingredients as tequila, limes, Kosher salt, Squirt brand citrus-flavoured soda and Viuda de Sanchez, an orange juice-based Mexican sangrita beverage.", "Vampiro (cocktail) __knowledge__ Viuda de Sanchez is sold in Mexico and in areas of the southern US with large Latino populations.", "Vampiro (cocktail) __knowledge__ If Viuda de Sanchez is not available, good quality fresh-squeezed orange juice, lime juice and spicy pico de gallo seasoning can be used as a substitute." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Orange juice __knowledge__ Orange juice is the liquid extract of the fruit of the orange tree, produced by squeezing oranges.", "Orange juice __knowledge__ It comes in several different varieties, including blood orange, navel oranges, valencia orange, clementine, and tangerine.", "Orange juice __knowledge__ As well as variations in oranges used, some varieties include differing amounts of juice vesicles, known as \"pulp\" in American English, and \"juicy bits\" in British English.", "Orange juice __knowledge__ These vesicles contain the juice of the orange and can be left in or removed during the manufacturing process.", "Orange juice __knowledge__ How juicy these vesicles are depend upon many factors, such as species, variety, and season.", "Orange juice __knowledge__ In American English, the beverage name is often abbreviated as \"OJ\".", "Orange juice __knowledge__ Due to the importance of oranges to the economy of the state of Florida, \"the juice obtained from mature oranges of the species Citrus sinensis and hybrids thereof\" was adopted as the official beverage of Florida in 1967.", "Orange juice __knowledge__ Orange juice (along with grapefruit juice) is offered to every visitor at each of the state's five Florida Welcome Centers.", "Orange juice __knowledge__ Commercial orange juice with a long shelf life is made by drying and later rehydrating the juice, or by concentrating the juice and later adding water to the concentrate.", "Orange juice __knowledge__ Prior to drying, the juice may also be pasteurized and oxygen removed from it, necessitating the later addition of a flavor pack, generally made from orange products.", "Pulp (paper) __knowledge__ Pulp is a lignocellulosic fibrous material prepared by chemically or mechanically separating cellulose fibres from wood, fiber crops, waste paper, or rags.", "Pulp (paper) __knowledge__ Many kinds of paper are made from wood with nothing else mixed into them.", "Pulp (paper) __knowledge__ This includes newspaper, magazines and even toilet paper.", "Pulp (paper) __knowledge__ Pulp is one of the most abundant raw materials worldwide.", "Pulp (paper) __knowledge__ Pulp for papermaking was produced by macerating mulberry bark as early as the 2nd century in Han dynasty China, where the invention of paper is traditionally attributed to Cai Lun.", "Pulp (paper) __knowledge__ Lu Ji, in his 3rd century commentary on the \"Classic of Poetry\", mentions that people residing south of the Yangtze River would traditionally pound mulberry bark to make paper or clothing.", "Pulp Fiction __knowledge__ Pulp Fiction is a 1994 American crime film written and directed by Quentin Tarantino, based on a story by Tarantino and Roger Avary, and starring John Travolta, Samuel L. Jackson, Bruce Willis, Ving Rhames, and Uma Thurman.", "Pulp Fiction __knowledge__ The film tells a few stories of criminal Los Angeles.", "Pulp Fiction __knowledge__ The film's title refers to the pulp magazines and hardboiled crime novels popular during the mid-20th century, known for their graphic violence and punchy dialogue.", "Pulp Fiction __knowledge__ The screenplay of \"Pulp Fiction\" was written in 1992 and 1993, and incorporated some scenes originally written by Avary for \"True Romance\".", "Pulp Fiction __knowledge__ Its plot is presented out of chronological order.", "Weird Tales __knowledge__ Weird Tales is an American fantasy and horror fiction pulp magazine founded by J. C. Henneberger and J. M. Lansinger in March 1923.", "Weird Tales __knowledge__ The first editor, Edwin Baird, printed early work by H. P. Lovecraft, Seabury Quinn, and Clark Ashton Smith, all of whom would go on to be popular writers, but within a year the magazine was in financial trouble.", "Weird Tales __knowledge__ Henneberger sold his interest in the publisher, Rural Publishing Corporation, to Lansinger and refinanced \"Weird Tales\", with Farnsworth Wright as the new editor.", "Weird Tales __knowledge__ The first issue under Wright's control was dated November 1924.", "Weird Tales __knowledge__ The magazine was more successful under Wright, and despite occasional financial setbacks it prospered over the next fifteen years.", "Pulp Summer Slam __knowledge__ Pulp Summer Slam is an annual music festival in the Philippines.", "Pulp Summer Slam __knowledge__ It is founded and produced by Pulp Live World Productions, Inc..", "Pulp Summer Slam __knowledge__ The festival consists of local and international rock and metal bands with the occasional line-up of hip hop, ska, reggae, pop rock, and other genres.", "Pulp Summer Slam __knowledge__ The event is held every year during the summer in Manila, Philippines and every year around 30,000 fans show up for the event.", "Pulp Summer Slam __knowledge__ Pulp Summer Slam held its 10th anniversary at the Amoranto Stadium featuring Lamb of God and Testament as headliners and 30 local and foreign bands on 17 April 2010.", "Pulp Summer Slam __knowledge__ Pulp Summer Slam was produced to cater to the readers of Lokal Tee Brand , a rock music magazine in the Philippines.", "Toothache __knowledge__ Toothache, also known as dental pain, is pain in the teeth and/or their supporting structures, caused by dental diseases or pain referred to the teeth by non-dental diseases.", "Toothache __knowledge__ Common causes include inflammation of the pulp, usually in response to tooth decay, dental trauma, or other factors, dentin hypersensitivity (short, sharp pain, usually associated with exposed root surfaces), apical periodontitis (inflammation of the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone around the root apex), dental abscesses (localized collections of pus, such as apical abscess, pericoronal abscess, and periodontal abscess), alveolar osteitis (\"dry socket\", a possible complication of tooth extraction, with loss of the blood clot and exposure of bone), acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (a gum infection, also called \"trenchmouth\"), temporomandibular disorder and others.", "Pulp magazine __knowledge__ Pulp magazines or Pulp Fiction (often referred to as \"the pulps\") were inexpensive fiction magazines that were published from 1896 to the 1950s.", "Pulp magazine __knowledge__ The term \"pulp\" derives from the cheap wood pulp paper on which the magazines were printed.", "Pulp magazine __knowledge__ In contrast, magazines printed on higher-quality paper were called \"glossies\" or \"slicks\".", "Pulp magazine __knowledge__ The typical pulp magazine had 128 pages; it was wide by high, and thick, with ragged, untrimmed edges.", "Pulp magazine __knowledge__ The pulps gave rise to the term pulp fiction in reference to run-of-the-mill, low-quality literature.", "Pulp magazine __knowledge__ Pulps were the successors to the penny dreadfuls, dime novels, and short-fiction magazines of the 19th century.", "Environmental impact of paper __knowledge__ The environmental impact of paper is significant, which has led to changes in industry and behaviour at both business and personal levels.", "Environmental impact of paper __knowledge__ With the use of modern technology such as the printing press and the highly mechanized harvesting of wood, disposable paper became a relatively cheap commodity, which led to a high level of consumption and waste.", "Environmental impact of paper __knowledge__ The rise in global environmental issues such as air and water pollution, climate change, overflowing landfills and clearcutting have all lead to increased government regulations.", "Environmental impact of paper __knowledge__ There is now a trend towards sustainability in the pulp and paper industry as it moves to reduce clear cutting, water use, greenhouse gas emissions, fossil fuel consumption and clean up its impacts on local water supplies and air pollution.", "Juice __knowledge__ Juice is a beverage made from the extraction or pressing out of the natural liquid contained in fruit and vegetables.", "Juice __knowledge__ It can also refer to liquids that are flavored with these or other biological food sources such as meat and seafood (e.g., clam juice).", "Juice __knowledge__ Juice is commonly consumed as a beverage or used as an ingredient or flavoring in foods or other beverages, such as smoothies.", "Juice __knowledge__ Juice emerged as a popular beverage choice after the development of pasteurization methods allowed for its preservation without using fermentation (the approach used with wine production).", "Juice __knowledge__ The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) estimated the total world production of citrus fruit juices to be 12,840,318 tonnes in 2012.", "Tropicana Products __knowledge__ Tropicana Products, Inc. is an American multinational company which primarily makes fruit-based beverages.", "Tropicana Products __knowledge__ It was founded in 1947 by Anthony T. Rossi in Bradenton, Florida.", "Tropicana Products __knowledge__ Since 1998, it has been owned by PepsiCo.", "Tropicana Products __knowledge__ Tropicana's headquarters are in Chicago.", "Tropicana Products __knowledge__ The company specializes in the production of orange juice.", "Tropicana Products __knowledge__ Anthony T. Rossi (1900–1993) was born in Italy on the island of Sicily.", "Tropicana Products __knowledge__ He had the equivalent of a high school education and immigrated to the United States when he was 21 years old.", "Tropicana Products __knowledge__ He drove a taxi, was a grocer in New York, farmed in Virginia, and then moved to Florida in 1940 where he farmed and was a restaurateur.", "Orange (fruit) __knowledge__ The orange is the fruit of the citrus species \"Citrus\" × \"sinensis\" in the family Rutaceae.", "Orange (fruit) __knowledge__ It is also called sweet orange, to distinguish it from the related \"Citrus × aurantium\", referred to as bitter orange.", "Orange (fruit) __knowledge__ The sweet orange reproduces asexually (apomixis through nucellar embryony); varieties of sweet orange arise through mutations.", "Orange (fruit) __knowledge__ The orange is a hybrid between pomelo (\"Citrus maxima\") and mandarin (\"Citrus reticulata\").", "Orange (fruit) __knowledge__ It has genes that are ~25% pomelo and ~75% mandarin; however, it is not a simple backcrossed BC1 hybrid, but hybridized over multiple generations.", "Orange (fruit) __knowledge__ The chloroplast genes, and therefore the maternal line, seem to be pomelo.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ Breakfast is the first meal of a day, most often eaten in the early morning before undertaking the day's work.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The word in English refers to breaking the fasting period of the prior night.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ There is a strong tendency for one or more \"typical\", or \"traditional\", breakfast menus to exist in most places, but the composition of this varies widely from place to place, and has varied over time, so that globally a very wide range of preparations and ingredients are now associated with breakfast.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The Old English word for dinner, \"disner\", means to break a fast, and was the first meal eaten in the day until its meaning shifted in the mid-13th century.", "Margarita __knowledge__ A margarita is a cocktail consisting of tequila, triple sec, and lime juice often served with salt on the rim of the glass.", "Margarita __knowledge__ The drink is served shaken with ice (on the rocks), blended with ice (frozen margarita), or without ice (straight up).", "Margarita __knowledge__ Although it has become acceptable to serve a margarita in a wide variety of glass types, ranging from cocktail and wine glasses to pint glasses and even large schooners, the drink is traditionally served in the eponymous margarita glass, a stepped-diameter variant of a cocktail glass or champagne coupe.", "Margarita __knowledge__ 1937 Cafe Royal Cocktail Book contains a recipe for a Picador using the same concentrations of tequila, triple sec and lime juice as a Margarita.", "Minute Maid __knowledge__ Minute Maid is a product line of beverages, usually associated with lemonade or orange juice, but which now extends to soft drinks of many kinds, including Hi-C.", "Minute Maid __knowledge__ Minute Maid is sold under Cappy brand in Central Europe and under Fruitopia in Norway.", "Minute Maid __knowledge__ Minute Maid was the first company to market orange juice concentrate, allowing it to be distributed throughout the United States and served year-round.", "Minute Maid __knowledge__ The Minute Maid company is owned by The Coca-Cola Company, and is the world's largest marketer of fruit juices and drinks.", "Minute Maid __knowledge__ The firm opened its headquarters in Sugar Land Town Square in Sugar Land, Texas, United States, on February 16, 2009; previously it was headquartered in the 2000 St. James Place building in Houston." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 2 ]

[ "Orange juice is so delicious when fresh squeezed", "Orange juice is better with no pulp and fresh squeezed in my opinion", "I prefer normal orange juice over things like blood orange as well" ]

[ "Orange juice", "Orange juice", "Orange juice" ]

[ "Chocolate cake\nMy favourite type of cake is black forest, which is a type of chocolate cake.", "When do you normally get cake? I don't eat it that often, mostly on my birthday so it makes it all the better.", "Interesting. We often go a family friends for dinner and just talk for a while, and there are so many people we would need a massive cake. What size do you normally get?", "That sounds delicious. I normally get an 8\" Black Forest Cake with chocolate shavings, and whipped cream." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ Chocolate cake or Chocolate gateau (from French: \"gâteau au chocolat\") is a cake flavored with melted chocolate, cocoa powder, or both.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ Chocolate cake is made with chocolate; it can be made with other ingredients, as well.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ These ingredients include fudge, vanilla creme, and other sweeteners.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ The history of chocolate cake goes back to 1764, when Dr. James Baker discovered how to make chocolate by grinding cocoa beans between two massive circular millstones.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ In 1828, Conrad Van Houten of the Netherlands developed a mechanical extraction method for extracting the fat from cacao liquor resulting in cacao butter and the partly defatted cacao, a compacted mass of solids that could be sold as it was \"rock cacao\" or ground into powder.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ The processes transformed chocolate from an exclusive luxury to an inexpensive daily snack.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ A process for making silkier and smoother chocolate called conching was developed in 1879 by Rodolphe Lindt and made it easier to bake with chocolate, as it amalgamates smoothly and completely with cake batters.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ Until 1890 to 1900, chocolate recipes were mostly for chocolate drinks, and its presence in cakes was only in fillings and glazes.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ In 1886, American cooks began adding chocolate to the cake batter, to make the first chocolate cakes in the US.", "Black Forest __knowledge__ The Black Forest (, ) is a large forested mountain range in the state of Baden-Württemberg in southwest Germany.", "Black Forest __knowledge__ It is bounded by the Rhine valley to the west and south.", "Black Forest __knowledge__ Its highest peak is the Feldberg with an elevation of 1,493 metres (4,898 ft).", "Black Forest __knowledge__ The region is roughly oblong in shape with a length of and breadth of up to .", "Black Forest __knowledge__ The Black Forest stretches from the High Rhine in the south to the in the north.", "Black Forest __knowledge__ In the west it is bounded by the Upper Rhine Plain (which, from a natural region perspective, also includes the low chain of foothills); in the east it transitions to the , and hill country west of the .", "Devil's food cake __knowledge__ Devil's food cake is a moist, airy, rich chocolate layer cake.", "Devil's food cake __knowledge__ It is considered a counterpart to the white or yellow angel food cake.", "Devil's food cake __knowledge__ Because of differing recipes and changing ingredient availability over the course of the 20th century, it is difficult to precisely qualify what distinguishes devil's food from the more standard chocolate cake, though it traditionally has more chocolate than a regular chocolate cake, making it darker.", "Devil's food cake __knowledge__ The cake is usually paired with a rich chocolate frosting.", "Devil's food cake __knowledge__ Devil's food cake is commonly a dense, rich chocolate cake, quite different from other chocolate cakes such as the German chocolate cake.", "German chocolate cake __knowledge__ German chocolate cake, originally German's chocolate cake, is a layered chocolate cake from the United States filled and topped with a coconut-pecan frosting.", "German chocolate cake __knowledge__ It owes its name to an English-American chocolate maker named Samuel German, who developed a formulation of dark baking chocolate that came to be used in the cake recipe.", "German chocolate cake __knowledge__ Sweet baking chocolate is traditionally used for the chocolate flavor in the actual cake, but few recipes call for it today.", "German chocolate cake __knowledge__ The filling and/or topping is a custard made with egg yolks and evaporated milk; once the custard is cooked, coconut and pecans are stirred in.", "German chocolate cake __knowledge__ Occasionally, a chocolate frosting is spread on the sides of the cake and piped around the circumference of the layers to hold in the filling.", "Black Forest gateau __knowledge__ Black Forest gâteau (British English) or Black Forest cake (American English) is a chocolate sponge cake with a rich cherry filling based on the German dessert \"Schwarzwälder Kirschtorte\" (), literally \"Black Forest cherry-torte\".", "Black Forest gateau __knowledge__ Typically, Black Forest gateau consists of several layers of chocolate sponge cake sandwiched with whipped cream and cherries.", "Black Forest gateau __knowledge__ It is decorated with additional whipped cream, maraschino cherries, and chocolate shavings.", "Black Forest gateau __knowledge__ In some European traditions, sour cherries are used both between the layers and for decorating the top.", "Black Forest gateau __knowledge__ Traditionally, kirschwasser, a clear spirit made from sour cherries, is added to the cake.", "Sachertorte __knowledge__ Sachertorte () is a specific type of chocolate cake, or torte, invented by Austrian Franz Sacher in 1832 for Prince Wenzel von Metternich in Vienna, Austria.", "Sachertorte __knowledge__ It is one of the most famous Viennese culinary specialties.", "Sachertorte __knowledge__ 5 December is National Sachertorte Day.", "Sachertorte __knowledge__ Recipes similar to that of the Sachertorte appeared as early as the 18th century, one instance being in the 1718 cookbook of Conrad Hagger, another individual represented in Gartler-Hickmann's 1749 \"Tried and True Viennese Cookbook\" (\"Wienerisches bewährtes Kochbuch\").", "Sachertorte __knowledge__ In 1832, Prince Wenzel von Metternich charged his personal chef with creating a special dessert for several important guests.", "Layer cake __knowledge__ A layer cake (US English) or sandwich cake (UK English), also called a sandwich in UK English, is a cake consisting of multiple stacked sheets of cake, held together by frosting or another type of filling, such as jam or other preserves.", "Layer cake __knowledge__ Most cake recipes can be made into layer cakes; butter cakes and sponge cakes are common choices.", "Layer cake __knowledge__ Frequently, the cake is covered with icing, but sometimes, the sides are left undecorated, so that the filling and the number of layers are visible.", "Layer cake __knowledge__ Popular flavor combinations include the German chocolate cake, red velvet cake, Black Forest cake, and carrot cake with cream cheese icing." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ Chocolate cake or Chocolate gateau (from French: \"gâteau au chocolat\") is a cake flavored with melted chocolate, cocoa powder, or both.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ Chocolate cake is made with chocolate; it can be made with other ingredients, as well.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ These ingredients include fudge, vanilla creme, and other sweeteners.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ The history of chocolate cake goes back to 1764, when Dr. James Baker discovered how to make chocolate by grinding cocoa beans between two massive circular millstones.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ In 1828, Conrad Van Houten of the Netherlands developed a mechanical extraction method for extracting the fat from cacao liquor resulting in cacao butter and the partly defatted cacao, a compacted mass of solids that could be sold as it was \"rock cacao\" or ground into powder.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ The processes transformed chocolate from an exclusive luxury to an inexpensive daily snack.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ A process for making silkier and smoother chocolate called conching was developed in 1879 by Rodolphe Lindt and made it easier to bake with chocolate, as it amalgamates smoothly and completely with cake batters.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ Until 1890 to 1900, chocolate recipes were mostly for chocolate drinks, and its presence in cakes was only in fillings and glazes.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ In 1886, American cooks began adding chocolate to the cake batter, to make the first chocolate cakes in the US.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas traditions vary from country to country.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas celebrations for many nations include the installing and lighting of Christmas trees, the hanging of Advent wreaths, Christmas stockings, candy canes, and the creation of Nativity scenes depicting the birth of Jesus Christ.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas carols may be sung and stories told about such figures as the Baby Jesus, St Nicholas, Santa Claus, Father Christmas, Christkind or Grandfather Frost.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ The sending and exchange of Christmas card greetings, observance of fasting and special religious observances such as a midnight Mass or Vespers on Christmas Eve, the burning of a Yule log, and the giving and receiving of presents.", "List of Arrested Development characters __knowledge__ \"Arrested Development\" is an American television sitcom that originally aired on the Fox network from November 2, 2003 to February 10, 2006.", "List of Arrested Development characters __knowledge__ A fourth season of 15 episodes was released on Netflix on May 26, 2013.", "List of Arrested Development characters __knowledge__ Created by Mitchell Hurwitz, the show centers on the Bluth family, a formerly wealthy, habitually dysfunctional family, and is presented in a continuous format, incorporating hand-held camera work, narration, archival photos, and historical footage.", "List of Arrested Development characters __knowledge__ The series stars Jason Bateman, Portia de Rossi, Will Arnett, Michael Cera, Alia Shawkat, Tony Hale, David Cross, Jeffrey Tambor, and Jessica Walter.", "Birthday Cake (song) __knowledge__ \"Birthday Cake\" is a song by Barbadian recording artist Rihanna, from her sixth studio album, \"Talk That Talk\" (2011).", "Birthday Cake (song) __knowledge__ After it leaked onto the internet, fans expressed interest in the track being included on \"Talk That Talk\", but it was later revealed that the 1:18 (one minute, 18 seconds) length that leaked was in fact the final cut and was not being considered for inclusion on the album.", "Birthday Cake (song) __knowledge__ Due to a high level of fan interest, the song was included on the album as an interlude.", "Birthday Cake (song) __knowledge__ The full length version, also known as the official remix of the track, featuring Rihanna's ex-boyfriend Chris Brown, was premiered online on February 20, 2012, to coincide with Rihanna's 24th birthday.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of supporting characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ is a fictional character in the anime \"Tenchi Muyo!\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ OVA In the OVA, Katsuhito, also known as , fled Jurai over 700 years ago to \"retire\" on Earth.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ He was once the greatest swordsman on Jurai.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ Currently Katsuhito is a Shinto priest who is not only training Tenchi to be a Shinto priest but also training him in Jurai swordsmanship.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ Yōshō had a marriage arranged with half-sister Ayeka, but left.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ At the time, not all Juraians liked the idea of mixed blood heritages (he is part human, on his mother's side) and he used Ryōko's attack as an excuse to slip away to Earth.", "Numbertime __knowledge__ Numbertime is a BBC educational numeracy television series for primary schools that was aired on BBC Two from 20 September 1993 to 3 December 2001.", "Numbertime __knowledge__ For its first four series, it was presented by Lolita Chakrabarti.", "Numbertime __knowledge__ El Nombre, an animated character from \"Numbertime\", eventually became the concept for another educational BBC children's television program; his name means \"The Name\" in Spanish, and not \"The Number\", which would be \"El Número\".", "Numbertime __knowledge__ The third line of his opening song and his farewell catchphrase were also changed several times during the series' run, to reflect their focus - however, the original ones (\"Writing numbers in the desert sand\" which was also used for the seventh series, and \"Adios amigos, and keep counting\" which was also used for the fourth, sixth, seventh, eighth and ninth series) remain the most famous.", "Puyi __knowledge__ Puyi or Pu Yi (; 7 February 190617 October 1967), of the Manchu Aisin Gioro clan, was the last Emperor of China and the twelfth and final ruler of the Qing dynasty.", "Puyi __knowledge__ When he was a child, he reigned as the Xuantong Emperor (; Manchu: \"gehungge yoso hūwangdi\") in China and Khevt Yos Khaan in Mongolia from 1908 until his forced abdication on 12 February 1912, after the Xinhai Revolution.", "Puyi __knowledge__ From 1–12 July 1917, he was briefly restored to the throne as emperor by the warlord Zhang Xun.", "Puyi __knowledge__ In 1932 after the occupation of Manchuria, the state of Manchukuo was established by Japan, and he was chosen to become 'Emperor' of the new state using the era-name of Datong (Ta-tung).", "Black Forest gateau __knowledge__ Black Forest gâteau (British English) or Black Forest cake (American English) is a chocolate sponge cake with a rich cherry filling based on the German dessert \"Schwarzwälder Kirschtorte\" (), literally \"Black Forest cherry-torte\".", "Black Forest gateau __knowledge__ Typically, Black Forest gateau consists of several layers of chocolate sponge cake sandwiched with whipped cream and cherries.", "Black Forest gateau __knowledge__ It is decorated with additional whipped cream, maraschino cherries, and chocolate shavings.", "Black Forest gateau __knowledge__ In some European traditions, sour cherries are used both between the layers and for decorating the top.", "Black Forest gateau __knowledge__ Traditionally, kirschwasser, a clear spirit made from sour cherries, is added to the cake.", "Maraschino cherry __knowledge__ A maraschino cherry ( or ) is a preserved, sweetened cherry, typically made from light-colored sweet cherries such as the Royal Ann, Rainier, or Gold varieties.", "Maraschino cherry __knowledge__ In their modern form, the cherries are first preserved in a brine solution usually containing sulfur dioxide and calcium chloride to bleach the fruit, then soaked in a suspension of food coloring (common red food dye is FD&C Red 40), sugar syrup, and other components.", "Maraschino cherry __knowledge__ Maraschino cherries are an ingredient in many cocktails, giving them the nickname \"cocktail cherries.\"", "Maraschino cherry __knowledge__ As a garnish, they often are used to decorate frozen yogurt, baked ham, cakes, pastry, parfaits, milkshakes, ice cream sundaes, and ice cream sodas.", "Sundae __knowledge__ The sundae () is a sweet ice cream dessert.", "Sundae __knowledge__ It typically consists of one or more scoops of ice cream topped with sauce or syrup, and in some cases other toppings including sprinkles, whipped cream, peanuts, maraschino cherries, or other fruits (e.g., bananas and pineapple in a banana split.).", "Sundae __knowledge__ According to the \"Oxford English Dictionary\", the origin of the term \"sundae\" is obscure; however, it is generally accepted that the spelling \"sundae\" derives from the English word \"Sunday\".", "Sundae __knowledge__ Among the many stories about the invention of the sundae, a frequent theme is that the ice cream sundae was a variation of the popular ice cream soda.", "Black Forest __knowledge__ The Black Forest (, ) is a large forested mountain range in the state of Baden-Württemberg in southwest Germany.", "Black Forest __knowledge__ It is bounded by the Rhine valley to the west and south.", "Black Forest __knowledge__ Its highest peak is the Feldberg with an elevation of 1,493 metres (4,898 ft).", "Black Forest __knowledge__ The region is roughly oblong in shape with a length of and breadth of up to .", "Black Forest __knowledge__ The Black Forest stretches from the High Rhine in the south to the in the north.", "Black Forest __knowledge__ In the west it is bounded by the Upper Rhine Plain (which, from a natural region perspective, also includes the low chain of foothills); in the east it transitions to the , and hill country west of the .", "Whipped cream __knowledge__ Whipped cream is cream that is whipped by a whisk or mixer until it is light and fluffy.", "Whipped cream __knowledge__ Whipped cream is often sweetened and sometimes flavored with vanilla.", "Whipped cream __knowledge__ Sweetened whipped cream is also called Chantilly cream or crème chantilly ().", "Whipped cream __knowledge__ Whipped cream is a culinary colloid produced when heavy cream is subjected to mechanical aeration.", "Whipped cream __knowledge__ Air is incorporated into cream containing at least 35% fat by one of two processes: mechanical agitation with a high-speed blade or whip, or injecting a gas under high pressure, which expands rapidly when released from pressurized containment.", "Whipped cream __knowledge__ During whipping, partially coalesced fat molecules create a stabilized network which traps air bubbles.", "Merveilleux (cake) __knowledge__ The merveilleux (marvelous) is a small cake that originated in Belgium and is now found in France and some U.S. cities.", "Merveilleux (cake) __knowledge__ It consists of a sandwich of two light meringues welded with whipped cream which has been covered with whipped cream and dusted with chocolate shavings.", "Merveilleux (cake) __knowledge__ A candied cherry sometimes decorates the cake.", "Merveilleux (cake) __knowledge__ The confectioner and chocolatier Pierre Marcolini developed his own version, as did the French confectioner Frédéric Vaucamps, and Etty Benhamou of Le Mervetty.", "Merveilleux (cake) __knowledge__ Vaucamp named each of his variations using comparable adjectives– \"Impensable\" or \"unthinkable\" for coffee, \"Excentrique\" or \"eccentric\" for cherry, and \"Magnifique\" or \"magnificent\" for praline.", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ Coffee drinks are made by brewing hot water (or much less commonly, cold water) with ground coffee beans.", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ The brewing is either done slowly by drip or filter, French press or \"cafetière\", percolator, etc., or done very quickly under pressure by an espresso machine, where the coffee is termed \"espresso\"—slow-brewed coffees are generally regarded simply as \"coffee\".", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ All coffee drinks are based on either coffee or espresso, in different strengths; some drinks have milk or cream added, some use steamed milk, cream, plant based milk, or foamed milk, some have flavorings or sweeteners, some have alcoholic liqueurs added, some are combinations of coffee with espresso or tea." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ Chocolate cake or Chocolate gateau (from French: \"gâteau au chocolat\") is a cake flavored with melted chocolate, cocoa powder, or both.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ Chocolate cake is made with chocolate; it can be made with other ingredients, as well.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ These ingredients include fudge, vanilla creme, and other sweeteners.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ The history of chocolate cake goes back to 1764, when Dr. James Baker discovered how to make chocolate by grinding cocoa beans between two massive circular millstones.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ In 1828, Conrad Van Houten of the Netherlands developed a mechanical extraction method for extracting the fat from cacao liquor resulting in cacao butter and the partly defatted cacao, a compacted mass of solids that could be sold as it was \"rock cacao\" or ground into powder.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ The processes transformed chocolate from an exclusive luxury to an inexpensive daily snack.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ A process for making silkier and smoother chocolate called conching was developed in 1879 by Rodolphe Lindt and made it easier to bake with chocolate, as it amalgamates smoothly and completely with cake batters.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ Until 1890 to 1900, chocolate recipes were mostly for chocolate drinks, and its presence in cakes was only in fillings and glazes.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ In 1886, American cooks began adding chocolate to the cake batter, to make the first chocolate cakes in the US.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas traditions vary from country to country.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas celebrations for many nations include the installing and lighting of Christmas trees, the hanging of Advent wreaths, Christmas stockings, candy canes, and the creation of Nativity scenes depicting the birth of Jesus Christ.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas carols may be sung and stories told about such figures as the Baby Jesus, St Nicholas, Santa Claus, Father Christmas, Christkind or Grandfather Frost.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ The sending and exchange of Christmas card greetings, observance of fasting and special religious observances such as a midnight Mass or Vespers on Christmas Eve, the burning of a Yule log, and the giving and receiving of presents.", "New Year's Eve __knowledge__ In the Gregorian calendar, New Year's Eve (also known as Old Year's Day or Saint Sylvester's Day in many countries), the last day of the year, is on 31 December which is the seventh day of Christmastide.", "New Year's Eve __knowledge__ In many countries, New Year's Eve is celebrated at evening social gatherings, where many people dance, eat, drink alcoholic beverages, and watch or light fireworks to mark the new year.", "New Year's Eve __knowledge__ Some Christians attend a watchnight service.", "New Year's Eve __knowledge__ The celebrations generally go on past midnight into New Year's Day, 1 January.", "New Year's Eve __knowledge__ Samoa, Tonga and Kiritimati (Christmas Island), part of Kiribati, are the first places to welcome the New Year while American Samoa and Baker Island in the United States of America are among the last.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ Domenica is the daughter of Janice and Bobby Baccalieri.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ She was born sometime in 2005, after her parents got married.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ Getting her registered for a pre-school was the reason why Janice and Bobby were not able to take care of Junior the night he shot Tony.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ Domenica rode the amusement ride with her mother at the Feast of St. Elzéar when it broke.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ She longed for another ride and Tony later spun her around at the feast, to her joy.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ That year, Janice took Domenica to Satriale's Pork Store to demand that Tony make Bobby a capo.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ In 2007, Domenica played at the house near the lake when Tony, Carmela, Bobby, and Janice celebrated Tony's birthday.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ \"Desperate Housewives\" is an American comedy-drama series that aired on ABC (American Broadcasting Company).", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ It focuses on the residents living on the fictional Wisteria Lane as narrated by their deceased neighbor, Mary Alice Young (Brenda Strong).", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ Specifically, the series follows four protagonists and Mary Alice's friends, Susan Mayer (Teri Hatcher), Lynette Scavo (Felicity Huffman), Bree Van de Kamp (Marcia Cross), and Gabrielle Solis (Eva Longoria).", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ \"Desperate Housewives\" features an ensemble cast, which also includes the women's husbands, children, love interests, neighbors, and other acquaintances.", "Christmas __knowledge__ Christmas is an annual festival commemorating the birth of Jesus Christ, observed primarily on December 25 as a religious and cultural celebration among billions of people around the world.", "Christmas __knowledge__ A feast central to the Christian liturgical year, it is preceded by the season of Advent or the Nativity Fast and initiates the season of Christmastide, which historically in the West lasts twelve days and culminates on Twelfth Night; in some traditions, Christmastide includes an octave.", "Christmas __knowledge__ Christmas Day is a public holiday in many of the world's nations, is celebrated religiously by a majority of Christians, as well as culturally by many non-Christians, and forms an integral part of the holiday season centered around it.", "Christmas music __knowledge__ Christmas music comprises a variety of genres of music normally performed or heard around the Christmas season.", "Christmas music __knowledge__ Music associated with Christmas may be purely instrumental, or in the case of many carols or songs may employ lyrics whose subject matter ranges from the nativity of Jesus Christ, to gift-giving and merrymaking, to cultural figures such as Santa Claus, among other topics.", "Christmas music __knowledge__ Performances of Christmas music at public concerts, in churches, at shopping malls, on city streets, and in private gatherings is an integral staple of the Christmas holiday in many cultures across the world.", "Christmas music __knowledge__ Music associated with Christmas is thought to have its origins in 4th century Rome, in Latin hymns such as \"Veni redemptor gentium\".", "Santa Claus __knowledge__ Santa Claus, also known as Saint Nicholas, Kris Kringle, Father Christmas, or simply Santa, is a legendary figure originating in Western Christian culture who is said to bring gifts to the homes of well-behaved (\"good\" or \"nice\") children on Christmas Eve (24 December) and the early morning hours of Christmas Day (25 December).", "Santa Claus __knowledge__ The modern Santa Claus grew out of traditions surrounding the historical Saint Nicholas (a fourth-century Greek bishop and gift-giver of Myra), the British figure of Father Christmas and the Dutch figure of \"Sinterklaas\" (himself also based on Saint Nicholas).", "Santa Claus __knowledge__ Some maintain Santa Claus also absorbed elements of the Germanic god Wodan, who was associated with the pagan midwinter event of Yule and led the Wild Hunt, a ghostly procession through the sky.", "Christmas dinner __knowledge__ Christmas dinner is a meal traditionally eaten at Christmas.", "Christmas dinner __knowledge__ This meal can take place any time from the evening of Christmas Eve to the evening of Christmas Day itself.", "Christmas dinner __knowledge__ The meals are often particularly rich and substantial, in the tradition of the Christian feast day celebration, and form a significant part of gatherings held to celebrate Christmas.", "Christmas dinner __knowledge__ In some cases, there is a ritual element to the meal related to the religious celebration.", "Christmas dinner __knowledge__ The actual meal consumed varies in different parts of the world with regional cuisines and local traditions.", "Christmas dinner __knowledge__ In many parts of the world, particularly former British colonies, the meal shares some connection with the English Christmas dinner involving roasted meats and pudding of some description.", "Father Christmas __knowledge__ Father Christmas is the traditional English name for the personification of Christmas.", "Father Christmas __knowledge__ Although now known as a Christmas gift-bringer, and normally considered to be synonymous with American culture's Santa Claus which is now known worldwide, he was originally part of an unrelated and much older English folkloric tradition.", "Father Christmas __knowledge__ The recognisably modern figure of the English Father Christmas developed in the late Victorian period, but Christmas had been personified for centuries before then.", "Father Christmas __knowledge__ English personifications of Christmas were first recorded in the 15th century, with Father Christmas himself first appearing in the mid 17th century in the aftermath of the English Civil War.", "Epiphany (holiday) __knowledge__ Epiphany ( ), also Theophany, Little Christmas, or Three Kings' Day, is a Christian feast day that celebrates the revelation of God incarnate as Jesus Christ.", "Epiphany (holiday) __knowledge__ In Eastern Christianity, the feast commemorates principally (but not solely) the visit of the Magi to the Christ child, and thus Jesus' physical manifestation to the Gentiles.", "Epiphany (holiday) __knowledge__ Moreover, the feast of the Epiphany, in some Western Christian denominations, also initiates the liturgical season of Epiphanytide.", "Epiphany (holiday) __knowledge__ Eastern Christians, on the other hand, commemorate the baptism of Jesus on both sides of the Jordan River, seen as his manifestation to the world as the Son of God." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ Chocolate cake or Chocolate gateau (from French: \"gâteau au chocolat\") is a cake flavored with melted chocolate, cocoa powder, or both.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ Chocolate cake is made with chocolate; it can be made with other ingredients, as well.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ These ingredients include fudge, vanilla creme, and other sweeteners.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ The history of chocolate cake goes back to 1764, when Dr. James Baker discovered how to make chocolate by grinding cocoa beans between two massive circular millstones.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ In 1828, Conrad Van Houten of the Netherlands developed a mechanical extraction method for extracting the fat from cacao liquor resulting in cacao butter and the partly defatted cacao, a compacted mass of solids that could be sold as it was \"rock cacao\" or ground into powder.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ The processes transformed chocolate from an exclusive luxury to an inexpensive daily snack.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ A process for making silkier and smoother chocolate called conching was developed in 1879 by Rodolphe Lindt and made it easier to bake with chocolate, as it amalgamates smoothly and completely with cake batters.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ Until 1890 to 1900, chocolate recipes were mostly for chocolate drinks, and its presence in cakes was only in fillings and glazes.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ In 1886, American cooks began adding chocolate to the cake batter, to make the first chocolate cakes in the US.", "Black Forest gateau __knowledge__ Black Forest gâteau (British English) or Black Forest cake (American English) is a chocolate sponge cake with a rich cherry filling based on the German dessert \"Schwarzwälder Kirschtorte\" (), literally \"Black Forest cherry-torte\".", "Black Forest gateau __knowledge__ Typically, Black Forest gateau consists of several layers of chocolate sponge cake sandwiched with whipped cream and cherries.", "Black Forest gateau __knowledge__ It is decorated with additional whipped cream, maraschino cherries, and chocolate shavings.", "Black Forest gateau __knowledge__ In some European traditions, sour cherries are used both between the layers and for decorating the top.", "Black Forest gateau __knowledge__ Traditionally, kirschwasser, a clear spirit made from sour cherries, is added to the cake.", "Whipped cream __knowledge__ Whipped cream is cream that is whipped by a whisk or mixer until it is light and fluffy.", "Whipped cream __knowledge__ Whipped cream is often sweetened and sometimes flavored with vanilla.", "Whipped cream __knowledge__ Sweetened whipped cream is also called Chantilly cream or crème chantilly ().", "Whipped cream __knowledge__ Whipped cream is a culinary colloid produced when heavy cream is subjected to mechanical aeration.", "Whipped cream __knowledge__ Air is incorporated into cream containing at least 35% fat by one of two processes: mechanical agitation with a high-speed blade or whip, or injecting a gas under high pressure, which expands rapidly when released from pressurized containment.", "Whipped cream __knowledge__ During whipping, partially coalesced fat molecules create a stabilized network which traps air bubbles.", "Black Forest __knowledge__ The Black Forest (, ) is a large forested mountain range in the state of Baden-Württemberg in southwest Germany.", "Black Forest __knowledge__ It is bounded by the Rhine valley to the west and south.", "Black Forest __knowledge__ Its highest peak is the Feldberg with an elevation of 1,493 metres (4,898 ft).", "Black Forest __knowledge__ The region is roughly oblong in shape with a length of and breadth of up to .", "Black Forest __knowledge__ The Black Forest stretches from the High Rhine in the south to the in the north.", "Black Forest __knowledge__ In the west it is bounded by the Upper Rhine Plain (which, from a natural region perspective, also includes the low chain of foothills); in the east it transitions to the , and hill country west of the .", "Merveilleux (cake) __knowledge__ The merveilleux (marvelous) is a small cake that originated in Belgium and is now found in France and some U.S. cities.", "Merveilleux (cake) __knowledge__ It consists of a sandwich of two light meringues welded with whipped cream which has been covered with whipped cream and dusted with chocolate shavings.", "Merveilleux (cake) __knowledge__ A candied cherry sometimes decorates the cake.", "Merveilleux (cake) __knowledge__ The confectioner and chocolatier Pierre Marcolini developed his own version, as did the French confectioner Frédéric Vaucamps, and Etty Benhamou of Le Mervetty.", "Merveilleux (cake) __knowledge__ Vaucamp named each of his variations using comparable adjectives– \"Impensable\" or \"unthinkable\" for coffee, \"Excentrique\" or \"eccentric\" for cherry, and \"Magnifique\" or \"magnificent\" for praline.", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ Coffee drinks are made by brewing hot water (or much less commonly, cold water) with ground coffee beans.", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ The brewing is either done slowly by drip or filter, French press or \"cafetière\", percolator, etc., or done very quickly under pressure by an espresso machine, where the coffee is termed \"espresso\"—slow-brewed coffees are generally regarded simply as \"coffee\".", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ All coffee drinks are based on either coffee or espresso, in different strengths; some drinks have milk or cream added, some use steamed milk, cream, plant based milk, or foamed milk, some have flavorings or sweeteners, some have alcoholic liqueurs added, some are combinations of coffee with espresso or tea.", "Eggnog __knowledge__ Eggnog , egg nog or egg-nog, historically also known (when alcoholic beverages are added) as milk punch or egg milk punch, is a rich, chilled, sweetened, dairy-based beverage.", "Eggnog __knowledge__ It is traditionally made with milk, cream, sugar, whipped egg whites, and egg yolks (which gives it a frothy texture, and its name).", "Eggnog __knowledge__ In some contexts, distilled spirits such as brandy, rum, whisky or bourbon are added to the drink.", "Eggnog __knowledge__ Throughout Canada and the United States, eggnog is traditionally consumed over Christmas season every year, from late November until the end of the holiday season.", "Eggnog __knowledge__ Eggnog has also gained popularity in Australia.", "Pancake __knowledge__ A pancake (or hotcake, griddlecake, or flapjack) is a flat cake, often thin and round, prepared from a starch-based batter that may contain eggs, milk and butter and cooked on a hot surface such as a griddle or frying pan, often frying with oil or butter.", "Pancake __knowledge__ In Britain, pancakes are often unleavened and resemble a crêpe.", "Pancake __knowledge__ In North America, a leavening agent is used (typically baking powder).", "Pancake __knowledge__ American pancakes are similar to Scotch pancakes or drop scones.", "Pancake __knowledge__ Archaeological evidence suggests that pancakes were probably the earliest and most widespread cereal food eaten in prehistoric societies.", "Pancake __knowledge__ The pancake's shape and structure varies worldwide.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Chocolate is a typically sweet, usually brown food preparation of \"Theobroma cacao\" seeds, roasted and ground.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ It is made in the form of a liquid, paste, or in a block, or used as a flavoring ingredient in other foods.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Cacao has been cultivated by many cultures for at least three millennia in Mesoamerica.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The earliest evidence of use traces to the Olmecs (Mexico), with evidence of chocolate beverages dating back to 1900 BCE.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ In fact, the majority of Mesoamerican people made chocolate beverages, including the Maya and Aztecs, who made it into a beverage known as \"xocolātl\" , a Nahuatl word meaning \"bitter water\".", "Hostess CupCake __knowledge__ Hostess CupCake is a brand of snack cake formerly produced and distributed by Hostess Brands and currently owned by private equity firms Apollo Global Management and Metropoulos & Co. Its most common form is a chocolate cupcake with chocolate icing and vanilla creme filling, with eight distinctive white squiggles across the top.", "Hostess CupCake __knowledge__ However, other flavors have been available at times.", "Hostess CupCake __knowledge__ It has been claimed to be the first commercially produced cupcake and has become an iconic American brand.", "Hostess CupCake __knowledge__ The Hostess CupCake was first sold on May 11, 1919.", "Hostess CupCake __knowledge__ According to author Andrew F. Smith, it was the first commercially produced cupcake, originally produced by the Taggart Bakery as the Chocolate Cup Cake.", "Devil's food cake __knowledge__ Devil's food cake is a moist, airy, rich chocolate layer cake.", "Devil's food cake __knowledge__ It is considered a counterpart to the white or yellow angel food cake.", "Devil's food cake __knowledge__ Because of differing recipes and changing ingredient availability over the course of the 20th century, it is difficult to precisely qualify what distinguishes devil's food from the more standard chocolate cake, though it traditionally has more chocolate than a regular chocolate cake, making it darker.", "Devil's food cake __knowledge__ The cake is usually paired with a rich chocolate frosting.", "Devil's food cake __knowledge__ Devil's food cake is commonly a dense, rich chocolate cake, quite different from other chocolate cakes such as the German chocolate cake.", "List of Fudge series characters __knowledge__ A smart, impatient, sarcastic, and seemingly naive boy who lives in New York City.", "List of Fudge series characters __knowledge__ He is a kind, polite, thoughtful, and sensitive boy, but reveals a quick temper when provoked or impassioned.", "List of Fudge series characters __knowledge__ He often feels unappreciated and uncared for by his parents, mainly due to the amount of attention his brother requires.", "List of Fudge series characters __knowledge__ In the first book, he is nine years old and in the fourth grade, and in Double Fudge he is twelve and in seventh grade.", "List of Fudge series characters __knowledge__ He has a habit of imagining things, oftentimes thinking up TV ads for concepts he has just been introduced to (a trait likely inherited from his father as that is his career).", "Vanilla Fudge __knowledge__ Vanilla Fudge is an American rock band known predominantly for their extended rock arrangements of contemporary hit songs, most notably \"You Keep Me Hangin' On\".", "Vanilla Fudge __knowledge__ The band's original lineup—vocalist and organist Mark Stein, bassist and vocalist Tim Bogert, lead guitarist/vocalist Vince Martell, and drummer and vocalist Carmine Appice—recorded five albums during the years 1967–69, before disbanding in 1970.", "Vanilla Fudge __knowledge__ The band is currently touring with three of the four original members, Mark Stein, Vince Martell, and Carmine Appice with Pete Bremy on bass as Bogert retired in 2009.", "Vanilla Fudge __knowledge__ The band has been cited as \"one of the few American links between psychedelia and what soon became heavy metal.\"", "Fudge cake __knowledge__ A fudge cake is a chocolate cake containing fudge.", "Fudge cake __knowledge__ Variations include pudding fudge cake, made with chocolate cake mix, chocolate pudding, and chocolate chips.", "Fudge cake __knowledge__ When made with additional chocolate, the recipe is sometimes known as \"Death by Chocolate\".", "Fudge cake __knowledge__ \"Fudge cake\" is also a term in the American South to refer to a dense, single-layer chocolate cake served with or without icing.", "Fudge cake __knowledge__ It is similar to a brownie, although moister with more chocolate." ] ]

[ 28, 15, 3, 17 ]

[ "Black Forest cake is awesome! I love it with whipped cream, maraschino cherries, and chocolate shavings.", "I like to get it for Christmas dinner. We sing Christmas carols and tell stories about Baby Jesus, St. Nicholas and Santa Claus.", "I usually get a large chocolate cake with fudge, vanilla creme and sweeteners.", "I love whipped cream! It's also called Chantilly cream or creme chantilly! It's so good!" ]

[ "Chocolate cake", "Chocolate cake", "Chocolate cake", "Chocolate cake" ]

[ "Fishing tackle\nI like to fish a lot and love using fishing tackles.", "Thats right, its the hook, line, sinkers and so on. ", "The term refers to apparatus for fishing and tackles have been in use since 1398. ", "Thats right. Do you fish and have a preferred tackle?", "I love to fish using natural baits as I find it very challenging." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Fishing tackle is the equipment used by fishermen when fishing.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Almost any equipment or gear used for fishing can be called fishing tackle.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Some examples are hooks, lines, sinkers, floats, rods, reels, baits, lures, spears, nets, gaffs, traps, waders and tackle boxes.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Gear that is attached to the end of a fishing line is called terminal tackle.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ This includes hooks, leaders, swivels, sinkers, floats, split rings and wire, snaps, beads, spoons, blades, spinners and clevises to attach spinner blades to fishing lures.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Sometimes the term fishing rig is used for a completed assembly of tackle ready for fishing.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Fishing tackle can be contrasted with fishing techniques.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Fishing tackle refers to the physical equipment that is used when fishing, whereas fishing techniques refers to the manner in which the tackle is used when fishing.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ The term \"tackle\", with the meaning \"apparatus for fishing\", has been in use from 1398 AD.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Fishing tackle is also called fishing gear.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ However the term fishing gear is more usually used in the context of commercial fishing, whereas fishing tackle is more often used in the context of recreational fishing.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ This article covers equipment used by recreational fishermen.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Fly fishing is an angling method in which an artificial \"fly\" is used to catch fish.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ The fly is cast using a fly rod, reel, and specialized weighted line.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Casting a nearly weightless fly or \"lure\" requires casting techniques significantly different from other forms of casting.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Fly fishermen use hand tied flies that resemble natural invertebrates, baitfish, other food organisms, or \"lures\" to provoke the fish to strike (bite at the fly).", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Fly fishing can be done in fresh or salt water.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ North Americans usually distinguish freshwater fishing between cold-water species (trout, salmon, steelhead) and warm-water species, notably bass.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ Fishing is the practice of catching fish.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ It is a pre-historic practice dating back at least 40,000 years.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ Since the 16th century fishing vessels have been able to cross oceans in pursuit of fish and since the 19th century it has been possible to use larger vessels and in some cases process the fish on board.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ Fish are normally caught in the wild.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ Techniques for catching fish include hand gathering, spearing, netting, angling and trapping.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ The term fishing may be applied to catching other aquatic animals such as shellfish, cephalopods, crustaceans, and echinoderms.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ The term is not usually applied to catching aquatic mammals, such as whales, where the term whaling is more appropriate, or to farmed fish.", "Maritime history of California __knowledge__ In the California coast, the use of ships and the Pacific Ocean has historically included water craft (such as dugouts, canoes, sailing ships, and steamships), fisheries, shipbuilding, Gold Rush shipping, ports, shipwrecks, naval ships and installations, and lighthouses.", "Maritime history of California __knowledge__ The maritime history of California can be divided into several periods: the Native American period; European exploration period from 1542 to 1769; the Spanish colonial period, 1769 to 1821; the Mexican period, 1821 to 1847; and United States statehood period, which continues to the present day.", "Maritime history of California __knowledge__ In the northwest coast of California near the redwood forests several Indian tribes developed large dugout canoes they used for fishing, trade and warfare.", "Fishing in Uganda __knowledge__ There are two major sources of fish in Uganda; one is from aquaculture, the other from fishing in rivers and lakes.", "Fishing in Uganda __knowledge__ The latter has made up the largest and most significant share of all fishing.", "Fishing in Uganda __knowledge__ Open water covers 15.3 percent of Uganda's surface and comprises five major lakes (Lake Victoria, Lake Albert (Africa), Lake Kyoga, Lake Edward and Lake George (Uganda) which are the main sources of fish in the country.", "Fishing in Uganda __knowledge__ Lake Victoria continues to be the most important water body in Uganda both in size and contribution to the total fish catch, followed by Lake Albert and Lake Kyoga.", "Fishing in Uganda __knowledge__ Uganda's main sources of fish supply for both the domestic and export markets are the districts on Lake Victoria, particularly Mukono, Mpigi, Kalangala, Masaka and Luwero.", "Fishing reel __knowledge__ A fishing reel is a cylindrical device attached to a fishing rod used in winding and stowing line.", "Fishing reel __knowledge__ Modern fishing reels usually have fittings aiding in casting for distance and accuracy, as well as retrieving line.", "Fishing reel __knowledge__ Fishing reels are traditionally used in the recreational sport of angling and competitive casting.", "Fishing reel __knowledge__ They are typically attached to a fishing rod, though some specialized reels are mounted directly to boat gunwales or transoms.", "Fishing reel __knowledge__ The fishing reel was invented in Song dynasty China, where the earliest known illustration of a fishing reel is from Chinese paintings and records beginning about 1195 AD.", "Marlin fishing __knowledge__ Marlin fishing (also called billfishing) is considered by some game fishermen to be a pinnacle of offshore game fishing, due to the size and power of the four marlin species and their relative rareness.", "Marlin fishing __knowledge__ Fishing for marlin captured the imagination of some sport fishermen in the 1930s, when well-known angler/authors Zane Grey, who fished for black, striped, and blue marlin in the Pacific, and Ernest Hemingway, who fished the Florida Keys, Bahamas and Cuba for Atlantic blue marlin and white marlin, wrote extensively about their pursuit and enthused about the sporting qualities of their quarry.", "Marlin fishing __knowledge__ These days a lot of resources are committed to the construction of private and charter billfishing boats to participate in the billfishing tournament circuit.", "Al Lindner __knowledge__ Al Lindner (born 1944 in Chicago, IL) is a sportsman, television and radio personality, and fishing industry innovator who has invented, along with his older brother Ron Lindner, many fishing lures and rigs including the Lindy Rig which has been used by tens of millions of anglers to catch walleye since it first hit the market in 1968.", "Al Lindner __knowledge__ The Lindners estimate that more than 70 million Lindy Rigs - and, as he put it, \"its many imitators\" - have been sold.", "Al Lindner __knowledge__ Lindner also co-owns the Baxter, MN based Lindner Media Productions, along with Ron and sons James, Daniel and Bill, which specializes in producing educational fishing programs (such as \"Angling Edge\" and \"Fishing Edge\"), DVDs, videos, national TV commercials, product sales videos, point of purchase videos as well as providing underwater photography to the sport fishing industry." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Fishing tackle is the equipment used by fishermen when fishing.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Almost any equipment or gear used for fishing can be called fishing tackle.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Some examples are hooks, lines, sinkers, floats, rods, reels, baits, lures, spears, nets, gaffs, traps, waders and tackle boxes.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Gear that is attached to the end of a fishing line is called terminal tackle.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ This includes hooks, leaders, swivels, sinkers, floats, split rings and wire, snaps, beads, spoons, blades, spinners and clevises to attach spinner blades to fishing lures.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Sometimes the term fishing rig is used for a completed assembly of tackle ready for fishing.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Fishing tackle can be contrasted with fishing techniques.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Fishing tackle refers to the physical equipment that is used when fishing, whereas fishing techniques refers to the manner in which the tackle is used when fishing.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ The term \"tackle\", with the meaning \"apparatus for fishing\", has been in use from 1398 AD.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Fishing tackle is also called fishing gear.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ However the term fishing gear is more usually used in the context of commercial fishing, whereas fishing tackle is more often used in the context of recreational fishing.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ This article covers equipment used by recreational fishermen.", "Fishing sinker __knowledge__ A fishing sinker or knoch is a weight used in conjunction with a fishing lure or hook to increase its rate of sink, anchoring ability, and/or casting distance.", "Fishing sinker __knowledge__ Fishing sinkers may be as small as 1 gram for applications in shallow water, and even smaller for fly fishing applications, or as large as several pounds or considerably more for deep sea fishing.", "Fishing sinker __knowledge__ They are formed into nearly innumerable shapes for diverse fishing applications.", "Fishing sinker __knowledge__ Environmental concerns surround the usage of lead and other materials in fishing sinkers.", "Fishing sinker __knowledge__ A large variety of sinkers exist which are used depending on the fish being pursued, the environment, the current and personal preference.", "EuroChem __knowledge__ EuroChem () is a nitrogen and phosphate fertilizer company headquartered in Zug, Switzerland.", "EuroChem __knowledge__ It has mining activities in Kovdor, Murmansk Oblast, Russia, and in Kazakhstan, as well as oil and gas operations in Novy Urengoy, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Russia.", "EuroChem __knowledge__ The company's production facilities are located in Russia, Belgium and Lithuania.", "EuroChem __knowledge__ According to the company, it is the largest producer of mineral fertilizers and ranks among the top three European and top ten global producers by both nutrient capacity and profitability.", "EuroChem __knowledge__ In 2013 EuroChem had revenues of US$ 5.6bn, of which nitrogen US$3.2bn and phosphate US$1.8bn.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ Recreational fishing, also called sport fishing, is fishing for pleasure or competition.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ It can be contrasted with commercial fishing, which is fishing for profit, or subsistence fishing, which is fishing for survival.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ The most common form of recreational fishing is done with a rod, reel, line, hooks and any one of a wide range of baits.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ Other devices, commonly referred to as \"terminal tackle\", are also used to affect or complement the presentation of the bait to the targeted fish.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ Some examples of terminal tackle include weights, floats, and swivels.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ Lures are frequently used in place of bait.", "Shaq–Kobe feud __knowledge__ The \"Shaq–Kobe feud\" (or \"Kobe–Shaq feud\") was the conflict between National Basketball Association (NBA) players Shaquille O'Neal and Kobe Bryant, who played together on the Los Angeles Lakers team from 1996 to 2004.", "Shaq–Kobe feud __knowledge__ The two were able to win three consecutive NBA Championships (2000, 2001, 2002) and make an NBA Finals appearance in 2004.", "Shaq–Kobe feud __knowledge__ O'Neal was the NBA Finals MVP in each of their victories.", "Shaq–Kobe feud __knowledge__ Personal differences and arguments over their respective roles on the Lakers were followed by a trade that sent O'Neal to the Miami Heat while Bryant was re-signed as a free agent by the Lakers.", "Shaq–Kobe feud __knowledge__ Lakers head coach Phil Jackson would later write a book entitled \"\", reflecting on the troubles Bryant and O'Neal had during their last season together.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Fishing is the activity of trying to catch fish.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Fish are normally caught in the wild.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Techniques for catching fish include hand gathering, spearing, netting, angling and trapping.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Fishing may include catching aquatic animals other than fish, such as molluscs, cephalopods, crustaceans, and echinoderms.", "Fishing __knowledge__ The term is not normally applied to catching farmed fish, or to aquatic mammals, such as whales where the term whaling is more appropriate.", "Fishing __knowledge__ According to the United Nations FAO statistics, the total number of commercial fishermen and fish farmers is estimated to be 38 million.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Fisheries and aquaculture provide direct and indirect employment to over 500 million people in developing countries.", "Porgy fishing __knowledge__ Porgy is the common name in the US for any fish which belongs to the family Sparidae.", "Porgy fishing __knowledge__ They are also called bream.", "Porgy fishing __knowledge__ Porgies live in shallow temperate marine waters and are bottom-dwelling carnivores.", "Porgy fishing __knowledge__ Most species possess grinding, molar-like teeth.", "Porgy fishing __knowledge__ They are often good eating fish, particularly the gilt-head bream and the dentex.", "Porgy fishing __knowledge__ The gilt-head bream is found in the Mediterranean Sea and the eastern coastal regions of the North Atlantic Ocean.", "Porgy fishing __knowledge__ It grows to about 60 cm long.", "Porgy fishing __knowledge__ Found in seagrass beds and sandy bottoms as well as in the surf zone commonly to depths of about 30 m, but adults may occur to 150 m depth.", "Surf fishing __knowledge__ Surf fishing is the sport of catching fish standing on the shoreline or wading in the surf.", "Surf fishing __knowledge__ A general term, surf fishing may or may not include casting a lure or bait, and refers to all types of shore fishing - from sandy and rocky beaches, rock jetties, or even fishing piers.", "Surf fishing __knowledge__ The terms surfcasting or beachcasting refer more specifically to surf fishing from the beach by casting into the surf at or near the shoreline.", "Surf fishing __knowledge__ With few exceptions, surf fishing is done in saltwater.", "Surf fishing __knowledge__ The basic idea of most surfcasting is to cast a bait or lure as far out into the water as is necessary to reach the target fish from the shore.", "List of Firefly characters __knowledge__ This page lists characters from the television series \"Firefly\".", "List of Firefly characters __knowledge__ Malcolm Reynolds, played by Nathan Fillion, is owner and captain of the Firefly-class spaceship \"Serenity\", and was a volunteer in the war between the Alliance and the Independents (aka \"Browncoats\").", "List of Firefly characters __knowledge__ He got the name for his spaceship from a famous battle he fought and commanded in, the Battle of Serenity Valley.", "List of Firefly characters __knowledge__ When asked why he named his ship after a lost battle, Zoe comments \"Once you're in Serenity, you never leave.", "List of Firefly characters __knowledge__ You just learn how to live there.\"", "List of Firefly characters __knowledge__ He is fiercely loyal to those he calls his crew.", "List of Firefly characters __knowledge__ Malcolm's main mission is to keep his crew alive and to keep his ship flying.", "Synchronization gear __knowledge__ A synchronization gear, or a gun synchronizer, sometimes rather less accurately referred to as an interrupter, is attached to the armament of a single-engined tractor-type aircraft so it can fire through the arc of its spinning propeller without bullets striking the blades.", "Synchronization gear __knowledge__ The idea presupposes a fixed armament directed by aiming the aircraft in which it is fitted at the target, rather than aiming the gun independently.", "Synchronization gear __knowledge__ There are many practical problems, mostly arising from the inherently imprecise nature of an automatic gun's firing, the great (and varying) velocity of the blades of a spinning propeller, and the very high speed at which any gear synchronizing the two has to operate.", "Striped bass fishing __knowledge__ Striped bass are perciform fish found all along the Atlantic coast, from Florida to Nova Scotia, and are caught as far north as Hudson Bay.", "Striped bass fishing __knowledge__ They are of significant value as sporting fish, and have been introduced to many areas outside their native range.", "Striped bass fishing __knowledge__ Striped bass anadromous (Morone saxatilis, also called rock or rockfish) are typical members of the Moronidae family in shape, having a streamlined, silvery body marked with longitudinal dark stripes running from behind the gills to the base of the tail.", "Striped bass fishing __knowledge__ It inhabits rivers, bays, inlets, estuaries, and creeks.", "Striped bass fishing __knowledge__ It is quite abundant in the Chesapeake Bay and its tributaries." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Fishing tackle is the equipment used by fishermen when fishing.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Almost any equipment or gear used for fishing can be called fishing tackle.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Some examples are hooks, lines, sinkers, floats, rods, reels, baits, lures, spears, nets, gaffs, traps, waders and tackle boxes.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Gear that is attached to the end of a fishing line is called terminal tackle.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ This includes hooks, leaders, swivels, sinkers, floats, split rings and wire, snaps, beads, spoons, blades, spinners and clevises to attach spinner blades to fishing lures.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Sometimes the term fishing rig is used for a completed assembly of tackle ready for fishing.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Fishing tackle can be contrasted with fishing techniques.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Fishing tackle refers to the physical equipment that is used when fishing, whereas fishing techniques refers to the manner in which the tackle is used when fishing.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ The term \"tackle\", with the meaning \"apparatus for fishing\", has been in use from 1398 AD.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Fishing tackle is also called fishing gear.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ However the term fishing gear is more usually used in the context of commercial fishing, whereas fishing tackle is more often used in the context of recreational fishing.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ This article covers equipment used by recreational fishermen.", "Friso-Hollandic Wars __knowledge__ The Friso-Hollandic Wars, also called Frisian-Hollandic Wars (, West Frisian: \"Frysk-Hollânske oarloggen\"), were a series of short medieval wars (ranging from single battles to entire campaigns) consisting of the attempts made by the counts of Holland to conquer the free Frisian territories, which lay to the north and east of their domain.", "Friso-Hollandic Wars __knowledge__ These wars were waged off and on from 1256 to 1289, 1296 to 1299, and from 1345 to 1422, although it could be argued that a state of war continued to exist between the County of Holland and the Frisian territories till well after the year 1500.", "Friso-Hollandic Wars __knowledge__ The Frisians were at that time unique in Europe in that they did not adhere to the feudal system.", "Julius Peppers __knowledge__ Julius Frazier Peppers (born January 18, 1980) is an American football defensive end for the Carolina Panthers of the National Football League (NFL).", "Julius Peppers __knowledge__ He played college football at North Carolina, where he was recognized as a unanimous All-American, and was drafted by the Panthers second overall in the 2002 NFL Draft.", "Julius Peppers __knowledge__ Peppers also played for the Chicago Bears from through and the Green Bay Packers from to .", "Julius Peppers __knowledge__ Peppers has been named to the Pro Bowl nine times, and both the first and second All-Pro teams three times each.", "Julius Peppers __knowledge__ In his rookie season, he was named NFL Defensive Rookie of the Year in , where he recorded 12 sacks, five forced fumbles, and an interception, all while playing in only 12 games.", "Waldeck Castle (Hunsrück) __knowledge__ Waldeck Castle within the limits of the village of Dorweiler in Dommershausen in the Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis (district) in Rhineland-Palatinate was the main seat of the Hunsrück family of Boos.", "Waldeck Castle (Hunsrück) __knowledge__ The ruin lies high above the Baybach valley.", "Waldeck Castle (Hunsrück) __knowledge__ William I of Heinzenberg built the fortress in 1150 and, in so doing, established the \"Boos-Waldeck\" family which was later to become widespread.", "Waldeck Castle (Hunsrück) __knowledge__ The mediaeval castle endured several wars, and was partially destroyed by the French in 1689 during the course of the Nine Years' War, known in Germany as the War of the Palatine Succession (\"Pfälzischer Erbfolgekrieg\").", "Albany, New York __knowledge__ Albany ( ) is the capital of the U.S. state of New York and the seat of Albany County.", "Albany, New York __knowledge__ Roughly north of New York City, Albany developed on the west bank of the Hudson River, about south of its confluence with the Mohawk River.", "Albany, New York __knowledge__ The population of the City of Albany was 97,856 according to the 2010 census.", "Albany, New York __knowledge__ Albany constitutes the economic and cultural core of the Capital District of New York State, which comprises the Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY Metropolitan Statistical Area, including the nearby cities and suburbs of Troy, Schenectady, and Saratoga Springs.", "Albany, New York __knowledge__ With a 2013 Census-estimated population of 1.1 million the Capital District is the third-most populous metropolitan region in the state and 38th in the United States.", "Troy Polamalu __knowledge__ Troy Aumua Polamalu (; born Troy Aumua; April 19, 1981) is a former American football strong safety of Samoan descent who played his entire twelve-year career for the Pittsburgh Steelers of the National Football League (NFL).", "Troy Polamalu __knowledge__ He played college football for the University of Southern California (USC), and earned consensus All-American honors.", "Troy Polamalu __knowledge__ He was chosen by the Steelers in the first round of the 2003 NFL Draft.", "Troy Polamalu __knowledge__ He was a member of two of the Steelers' Super Bowl championship teams, and was the NFL Defensive Player of the Year in 2010.", "Troy Polamalu __knowledge__ Polamalu was born in Garden Grove, California.", "Troy Polamalu __knowledge__ He is of Samoan descent.", "Duke Pettijohn __knowledge__ Maynard C. \"Duke\" Pettijohn (born June 7, 1977) is a former American Arena football defensive lineman.", "Duke Pettijohn __knowledge__ He was signed by the Cincinnati Bengals as an undrafted free agent in 2001.", "Duke Pettijohn __knowledge__ He played college football at Syracuse and was a two-time member of the All-Big East team.", "Duke Pettijohn __knowledge__ Pettijohn attended West Roxbury High School in West Roxbury, Massachusetts, where he lettered three times in basketball, and four times in football.", "Duke Pettijohn __knowledge__ As a senior linebacker, he was the Team MVP, an All-City, All-League, and All-State selection, as well as the league MVP, and a Consensus Player of the Year.", "Duke Pettijohn __knowledge__ In 1997, as a freshman, Pettijohn saw playing time in nine games as a reserve linebacker, totaling six tackles.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Fly fishing is an angling method in which an artificial \"fly\" is used to catch fish.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ The fly is cast using a fly rod, reel, and specialized weighted line.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Casting a nearly weightless fly or \"lure\" requires casting techniques significantly different from other forms of casting.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Fly fishermen use hand tied flies that resemble natural invertebrates, baitfish, other food organisms, or \"lures\" to provoke the fish to strike (bite at the fly).", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Fly fishing can be done in fresh or salt water.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ North Americans usually distinguish freshwater fishing between cold-water species (trout, salmon, steelhead) and warm-water species, notably bass.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ Recreational fishing, also called sport fishing, is fishing for pleasure or competition.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ It can be contrasted with commercial fishing, which is fishing for profit, or subsistence fishing, which is fishing for survival.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ The most common form of recreational fishing is done with a rod, reel, line, hooks and any one of a wide range of baits.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ Other devices, commonly referred to as \"terminal tackle\", are also used to affect or complement the presentation of the bait to the targeted fish.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ Some examples of terminal tackle include weights, floats, and swivels.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ Lures are frequently used in place of bait.", "Marlin fishing __knowledge__ Marlin fishing (also called billfishing) is considered by some game fishermen to be a pinnacle of offshore game fishing, due to the size and power of the four marlin species and their relative rareness.", "Marlin fishing __knowledge__ Fishing for marlin captured the imagination of some sport fishermen in the 1930s, when well-known angler/authors Zane Grey, who fished for black, striped, and blue marlin in the Pacific, and Ernest Hemingway, who fished the Florida Keys, Bahamas and Cuba for Atlantic blue marlin and white marlin, wrote extensively about their pursuit and enthused about the sporting qualities of their quarry.", "Marlin fishing __knowledge__ These days a lot of resources are committed to the construction of private and charter billfishing boats to participate in the billfishing tournament circuit.", "Fly fishing tackle __knowledge__ Fly fishing tackle comprises the fishing tackle or equipment typically used by fly anglers.", "Fly fishing tackle __knowledge__ Fly fishing tackle includes: Fly rods normally vary between 2 m (6 ft) and 4 m (13 ft) in length with the most common length sold being 2.74 m (9 ft).", "Fly fishing tackle __knowledge__ Rod lengths are typically given in imperial measurements of feet and inches.", "Fly fishing tackle __knowledge__ Fly rods and lines are designated as to their \"weight\", typically written as Nwt where 'N' is the number (\"e.g.\"", "Fly fishing tackle __knowledge__ 8wt, 9wt, 10wt).", "Fly fishing tackle __knowledge__ Rods are matched to the line according to weight.", "Fly fishing tackle __knowledge__ The rod's manufacturer will mark on the rod the fly line weights for which a rod has been designed.", "Fly fishing tackle __knowledge__ One-weight (1wt) rods and lines are the lightest; the weight designations increase in whole number increments as the rod becomes heavier.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Fishing is the activity of trying to catch fish.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Fish are normally caught in the wild.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Techniques for catching fish include hand gathering, spearing, netting, angling and trapping.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Fishing may include catching aquatic animals other than fish, such as molluscs, cephalopods, crustaceans, and echinoderms.", "Fishing __knowledge__ The term is not normally applied to catching farmed fish, or to aquatic mammals, such as whales where the term whaling is more appropriate.", "Fishing __knowledge__ According to the United Nations FAO statistics, the total number of commercial fishermen and fish farmers is estimated to be 38 million.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Fisheries and aquaculture provide direct and indirect employment to over 500 million people in developing countries.", "Fishing reel __knowledge__ A fishing reel is a cylindrical device attached to a fishing rod used in winding and stowing line.", "Fishing reel __knowledge__ Modern fishing reels usually have fittings aiding in casting for distance and accuracy, as well as retrieving line.", "Fishing reel __knowledge__ Fishing reels are traditionally used in the recreational sport of angling and competitive casting.", "Fishing reel __knowledge__ They are typically attached to a fishing rod, though some specialized reels are mounted directly to boat gunwales or transoms.", "Fishing reel __knowledge__ The fishing reel was invented in Song dynasty China, where the earliest known illustration of a fishing reel is from Chinese paintings and records beginning about 1195 AD." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Fishing tackle is the equipment used by fishermen when fishing.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Almost any equipment or gear used for fishing can be called fishing tackle.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Some examples are hooks, lines, sinkers, floats, rods, reels, baits, lures, spears, nets, gaffs, traps, waders and tackle boxes.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Gear that is attached to the end of a fishing line is called terminal tackle.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ This includes hooks, leaders, swivels, sinkers, floats, split rings and wire, snaps, beads, spoons, blades, spinners and clevises to attach spinner blades to fishing lures.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Sometimes the term fishing rig is used for a completed assembly of tackle ready for fishing.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Fishing tackle can be contrasted with fishing techniques.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Fishing tackle refers to the physical equipment that is used when fishing, whereas fishing techniques refers to the manner in which the tackle is used when fishing.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ The term \"tackle\", with the meaning \"apparatus for fishing\", has been in use from 1398 AD.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Fishing tackle is also called fishing gear.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ However the term fishing gear is more usually used in the context of commercial fishing, whereas fishing tackle is more often used in the context of recreational fishing.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ This article covers equipment used by recreational fishermen.", "Oceana (band) __knowledge__ Oceana is an American rock band from St. Petersburg, Florida.", "Oceana (band) __knowledge__ Formed in 2007 and beginning with a post-hardcore sound, they were signed to Rise Records released their debut album titled \"The Tide\" on March 4, 2008, followed by the album Birth.Eater on May 19, 2009.", "Oceana (band) __knowledge__ They debuted a lighter indie rock sound with their EP \"Clean Head\" released on May 11, 2010.", "Oceana (band) __knowledge__ While recording their third album, \"One Big Particular Loop\", in 2012, they reinvented themselves under the name Polyenso.", "Oceana (band) __knowledge__ The original members of Oceana had previously been in other bands in the Tampa - St. Petersburg area such as Noreen, and Aissur Ahtom.", "Shaq–Kobe feud __knowledge__ The \"Shaq–Kobe feud\" (or \"Kobe–Shaq feud\") was the conflict between National Basketball Association (NBA) players Shaquille O'Neal and Kobe Bryant, who played together on the Los Angeles Lakers team from 1996 to 2004.", "Shaq–Kobe feud __knowledge__ The two were able to win three consecutive NBA Championships (2000, 2001, 2002) and make an NBA Finals appearance in 2004.", "Shaq–Kobe feud __knowledge__ O'Neal was the NBA Finals MVP in each of their victories.", "Shaq–Kobe feud __knowledge__ Personal differences and arguments over their respective roles on the Lakers were followed by a trade that sent O'Neal to the Miami Heat while Bryant was re-signed as a free agent by the Lakers.", "Shaq–Kobe feud __knowledge__ Lakers head coach Phil Jackson would later write a book entitled \"\", reflecting on the troubles Bryant and O'Neal had during their last season together.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Fly fishing is an angling method in which an artificial \"fly\" is used to catch fish.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ The fly is cast using a fly rod, reel, and specialized weighted line.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Casting a nearly weightless fly or \"lure\" requires casting techniques significantly different from other forms of casting.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Fly fishermen use hand tied flies that resemble natural invertebrates, baitfish, other food organisms, or \"lures\" to provoke the fish to strike (bite at the fly).", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Fly fishing can be done in fresh or salt water.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ North Americans usually distinguish freshwater fishing between cold-water species (trout, salmon, steelhead) and warm-water species, notably bass.", "Marlin fishing __knowledge__ Marlin fishing (also called billfishing) is considered by some game fishermen to be a pinnacle of offshore game fishing, due to the size and power of the four marlin species and their relative rareness.", "Marlin fishing __knowledge__ Fishing for marlin captured the imagination of some sport fishermen in the 1930s, when well-known angler/authors Zane Grey, who fished for black, striped, and blue marlin in the Pacific, and Ernest Hemingway, who fished the Florida Keys, Bahamas and Cuba for Atlantic blue marlin and white marlin, wrote extensively about their pursuit and enthused about the sporting qualities of their quarry.", "Marlin fishing __knowledge__ These days a lot of resources are committed to the construction of private and charter billfishing boats to participate in the billfishing tournament circuit.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha Lee is a fictional character in the BBC soap opera \"Doctors\", played by Laura Rollins.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha was introduced as a Practice Nurse at The Mill by Peter Eryl Lloyd.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ She made her first appearance on Tuesday 30 September 2014.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Since her arrival in the show Ayesha has faced storylines including an on off relationship with Sid Vere, having a troubled relationship with Tyler Green, dealing with her mother Bren's alcohol and later drug addiction, being attacked by Ike and supporting Valerie Pittman through her Cancer scare.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha first arrives at \"The Mill\" as a replacement for Mandy Marquez, she is almost immediately attracted to new doctor Sid Vere.", "1898 Michigan Wolverines football team __knowledge__ The 1898 Michigan Wolverines football team represented the University of Michigan in the 1898 Western Conference football season.", "1898 Michigan Wolverines football team __knowledge__ With Gustave Ferbert in his second year as head coach, the team compiled an undefeated 10–0 record, outscored its opponents 205–26, and won the Western Conference (now known as the Big Ten Conference) championship for the first time in the school's history.", "1898 Michigan Wolverines football team __knowledge__ The 1898 season included the first meeting in the Michigan - Michigan State football rivalry with Michigan winning the inaugural game by a score of 39–0.", "1898 Michigan Wolverines football team __knowledge__ The 1898 Wolverines shut out a total of six opponents, including (23–0).", "Fishing __knowledge__ Fishing is the activity of trying to catch fish.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Fish are normally caught in the wild.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Techniques for catching fish include hand gathering, spearing, netting, angling and trapping.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Fishing may include catching aquatic animals other than fish, such as molluscs, cephalopods, crustaceans, and echinoderms.", "Fishing __knowledge__ The term is not normally applied to catching farmed fish, or to aquatic mammals, such as whales where the term whaling is more appropriate.", "Fishing __knowledge__ According to the United Nations FAO statistics, the total number of commercial fishermen and fish farmers is estimated to be 38 million.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Fisheries and aquaculture provide direct and indirect employment to over 500 million people in developing countries.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ Recreational fishing, also called sport fishing, is fishing for pleasure or competition.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ It can be contrasted with commercial fishing, which is fishing for profit, or subsistence fishing, which is fishing for survival.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ The most common form of recreational fishing is done with a rod, reel, line, hooks and any one of a wide range of baits.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ Other devices, commonly referred to as \"terminal tackle\", are also used to affect or complement the presentation of the bait to the targeted fish.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ Some examples of terminal tackle include weights, floats, and swivels.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ Lures are frequently used in place of bait.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ Fishing is the practice of catching fish.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ It is a pre-historic practice dating back at least 40,000 years.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ Since the 16th century fishing vessels have been able to cross oceans in pursuit of fish and since the 19th century it has been possible to use larger vessels and in some cases process the fish on board.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ Fish are normally caught in the wild.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ Techniques for catching fish include hand gathering, spearing, netting, angling and trapping.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ The term fishing may be applied to catching other aquatic animals such as shellfish, cephalopods, crustaceans, and echinoderms.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ The term is not usually applied to catching aquatic mammals, such as whales, where the term whaling is more appropriate, or to farmed fish.", "Fishing vessel __knowledge__ A fishing vessel is a boat or ship used to catch fish in the sea, or on a lake or river.", "Fishing vessel __knowledge__ Many different kinds of vessels are used in commercial, artisanal and recreational fishing.", "Fishing vessel __knowledge__ According to the FAO, there are currently (2004) four million commercial fishing vessels.", "Fishing vessel __knowledge__ About 1.3 million of these are decked vessels with enclosed areas.", "Fishing vessel __knowledge__ Nearly all of these decked vessels are mechanised, and 40,000 of them are over 100 tons.", "Fishing vessel __knowledge__ At the other extreme, two-thirds (1.8 million) of the undecked boats are traditional craft of various types, powered only by sail and oars.", "Fishing vessel __knowledge__ These boats are used by artisan fishers.", "North Pacific right whale __knowledge__ The North Pacific right whale (\"Eubalaena japonica\") is a very large, thickset baleen whale species that is extremely rare and endangered.", "North Pacific right whale __knowledge__ The Northeast Pacific population, which summers in the southeastern Bering Sea and Gulf of Alaska, may have no more than 40 animals.", "North Pacific right whale __knowledge__ A western population that summers near the Commander Islands, the coast of Kamchatka, along the Kuril Islands and in the Sea of Okhotsk between it, is thought to number in the low hundreds.", "North Pacific right whale __knowledge__ Before commercial whaling in the North Pacific (i.e.", "North Pacific right whale __knowledge__ pre-1835) there were probably over 20,000 right whales in the region.", "North Pacific right whale __knowledge__ The taking of right whales in commercial whaling has been prohibited by one or more international treaties since 1935." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Fishing tackle is the equipment used by fishermen when fishing.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Almost any equipment or gear used for fishing can be called fishing tackle.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Some examples are hooks, lines, sinkers, floats, rods, reels, baits, lures, spears, nets, gaffs, traps, waders and tackle boxes.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Gear that is attached to the end of a fishing line is called terminal tackle.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ This includes hooks, leaders, swivels, sinkers, floats, split rings and wire, snaps, beads, spoons, blades, spinners and clevises to attach spinner blades to fishing lures.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Sometimes the term fishing rig is used for a completed assembly of tackle ready for fishing.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Fishing tackle can be contrasted with fishing techniques.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Fishing tackle refers to the physical equipment that is used when fishing, whereas fishing techniques refers to the manner in which the tackle is used when fishing.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ The term \"tackle\", with the meaning \"apparatus for fishing\", has been in use from 1398 AD.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Fishing tackle is also called fishing gear.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ However the term fishing gear is more usually used in the context of commercial fishing, whereas fishing tackle is more often used in the context of recreational fishing.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ This article covers equipment used by recreational fishermen.", "Marlin fishing __knowledge__ Marlin fishing (also called billfishing) is considered by some game fishermen to be a pinnacle of offshore game fishing, due to the size and power of the four marlin species and their relative rareness.", "Marlin fishing __knowledge__ Fishing for marlin captured the imagination of some sport fishermen in the 1930s, when well-known angler/authors Zane Grey, who fished for black, striped, and blue marlin in the Pacific, and Ernest Hemingway, who fished the Florida Keys, Bahamas and Cuba for Atlantic blue marlin and white marlin, wrote extensively about their pursuit and enthused about the sporting qualities of their quarry.", "Marlin fishing __knowledge__ These days a lot of resources are committed to the construction of private and charter billfishing boats to participate in the billfishing tournament circuit.", "Fishing bait __knowledge__ Fishing bait is any substance used to attract and catch fish, e.g.", "Fishing bait __knowledge__ on the end of a fishing hook, or inside a fish trap.", "Fishing bait __knowledge__ Traditionally, nightcrawlers, insects, and smaller bait fish have been used for this purpose.", "Fishing bait __knowledge__ Fishermen have also begun using plastic bait and more recently, electronic lures, to attract fish.", "Fishing bait __knowledge__ Studies show that natural baits like croaker and shrimp are more recognized by the fish and are more readily accepted.", "Fishing bait __knowledge__ Which of the various techniques a fisher may choose is dictated mainly by the target species and by its habitat.", "Fishing bait __knowledge__ Bait can be separated into two main categories: artificial baits and natural baits.", "Angling __knowledge__ Angling is a method of fishing by means of an \"angle\" (fish hook).", "Angling __knowledge__ The hook is usually attached to a fishing line and the line is often attached to a fishing rod.", "Angling __knowledge__ Fishing rods are usually fitted with a fishing reel that functions as a mechanism for storing, retrieving and paying out the line.", "Angling __knowledge__ Tenkara fishing and cane pole fishing are two techniques that do not use a reel.", "Angling __knowledge__ The hook itself can be dressed with bait, but sometimes a lure, with hooks attached to it, is used in place of a hook and bait.", "Angling __knowledge__ A bite indicator such as a float, and a weight or sinker are sometimes used.", "Angling __knowledge__ Angling is the principal method of sport fishing, but commercial fisheries also use angling methods such as longlining or trolling.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Fishing is the activity of trying to catch fish.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Fish are normally caught in the wild.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Techniques for catching fish include hand gathering, spearing, netting, angling and trapping.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Fishing may include catching aquatic animals other than fish, such as molluscs, cephalopods, crustaceans, and echinoderms.", "Fishing __knowledge__ The term is not normally applied to catching farmed fish, or to aquatic mammals, such as whales where the term whaling is more appropriate.", "Fishing __knowledge__ According to the United Nations FAO statistics, the total number of commercial fishermen and fish farmers is estimated to be 38 million.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Fisheries and aquaculture provide direct and indirect employment to over 500 million people in developing countries.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ Recreational fishing, also called sport fishing, is fishing for pleasure or competition.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ It can be contrasted with commercial fishing, which is fishing for profit, or subsistence fishing, which is fishing for survival.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ The most common form of recreational fishing is done with a rod, reel, line, hooks and any one of a wide range of baits.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ Other devices, commonly referred to as \"terminal tackle\", are also used to affect or complement the presentation of the bait to the targeted fish.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ Some examples of terminal tackle include weights, floats, and swivels.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ Lures are frequently used in place of bait.", "Coarse fishing __knowledge__ Coarse fishing is a term used in the United Kingdom and Ireland for angling for coarse fish.", "Coarse fishing __knowledge__ Coarse fish are freshwater fish that are distinguished from game fish.", "Coarse fishing __knowledge__ Freshwater game fish are all salmonids – most particularly salmon, trout and char – so generally coarse fish are freshwater fish that are not salmonids.", "Coarse fishing __knowledge__ There is disagreement over whether grayling should be classified as a game fish or a coarse fish.", "Coarse fishing __knowledge__ Fly fishing is the technique usually used for freshwater game fishing, while other angling techniques are usually used for coarse fishing.", "Coarse fishing __knowledge__ The sport of coarse fishing and the techniques it uses are particularly popular in the United Kingdom and mainland Europe, and as well as in some former British Commonwealth countries and among British expatriates.", "Spinnerbait __knowledge__ A spinnerbait refers to any one of a family of fishing lures that get their name from one or more metal blades shaped so as to spin like a propeller when the lure is in motion, creating varying degrees of flash and vibration that mimics small fish or other prey.", "Spinnerbait __knowledge__ The two most popular types of spinnerbaits are the 'in-line spinner' and 'safety pin' spinnerbaits, though others such as the 'tail-spinner' also exist.", "Spinnerbait __knowledge__ Spinnerbaits are used principally for catching predatory fish such as perch, pike and bass.", "Spinnerbait __knowledge__ Spinnerbaits attract predatory fish primarily by activating a special sense organ called the lateral line system through the spinning blade.", "Bait ball __knowledge__ A bait ball, or baitball, occurs when small fish swarm in a tightly packed spherical formation about a common centre.", "Bait ball __knowledge__ It is a last-ditch defensive measure adopted by small schooling fish when they are threatened by predators.", "Bait ball __knowledge__ Small schooling fish are eaten by many types of predators, and for this reason they are called bait fish or forage fish.", "Bait ball __knowledge__ For example, sardines group together when they are threatened.", "Bait ball __knowledge__ This instinctual behaviour is a defense mechanism, as lone individuals are more likely to be eaten than an individual in a large group.", "Bait ball __knowledge__ Sardine bait balls can be 10–20 metres in diameter and extend to a depth of 10 metres.", "Gödel's incompleteness theorems __knowledge__ Gödel's incompleteness theorems are two theorems of mathematical logic that demonstrate the inherent limitations of every formal axiomatic system containing basic arithmetic.", "Gödel's incompleteness theorems __knowledge__ These results, published by Kurt Gödel in 1931, are important both in mathematical logic and in the philosophy of mathematics.", "Gödel's incompleteness theorems __knowledge__ The theorems are widely, but not universally, interpreted as showing that Hilbert's program to find a complete and consistent set of axioms for all mathematics is impossible.", "Gödel's incompleteness theorems __knowledge__ The first incompleteness theorem states that no consistent system of axioms whose theorems can be listed by an effective procedure (i.e., an algorithm) is capable of proving all truths about the arithmetic of the natural numbers.", "Formal system __knowledge__ A formal system or logical calculus is any well-defined system of abstract thought based on the model of mathematics.", "Formal system __knowledge__ A formal system need not be mathematical as such; for example, Spinoza's \"Ethics\" imitates the form of Euclid's \"Elements\".", "Formal system __knowledge__ Spinoza employed Euclidiean elements such as \"axioms\" or \"primitive truths\", rules of inferences, etc., so that a calculus can be built using these.", "Formal system __knowledge__ Some theorists use the term \"formalism\" as a rough synonym for \"formal system\", but the term is also used to refer to a particular style of notation, for example, Paul Dirac's bra–ket notation.", "Formal system __knowledge__ Each formal system uses a set of primitive symbols (sometimes known as an alphabet) to finitely construct a formal language from a set of axioms through inferential rules of formation.", "Shoaling and schooling __knowledge__ In biology, any group of fish that stay together for social reasons are shoaling (pronounced ), and if the group is swimming in the same direction in a coordinated manner, they are schooling (pronounced ).", "Shoaling and schooling __knowledge__ In common usage, the terms are sometimes used rather loosely.", "Shoaling and schooling __knowledge__ About one quarter of fish species shoal all their lives, and about one half shoal for part of their lives.", "Shoaling and schooling __knowledge__ Fish derive many benefits from shoaling behaviour including defence against predators (through better predator detection and by diluting the chance of individual capture), enhanced foraging success, and higher success in finding a mate.", "Bait fish __knowledge__ Bait fish are small fish caught for use as bait to attract large predatory fish, particularly game fish.", "Bait fish __knowledge__ Species used are typically those that are common and breed rapidly, making them easy to catch and in regular supply.", "Bait fish __knowledge__ Examples of marine bait fish are anchovies, gudgeon, halfbeaks such as ballyhoo, and scad.", "Bait fish __knowledge__ Some larger fish such as menhaden, flying fish, or ladyfish may be considered bait fish in some circles, depending on the size of the gamefish being pursued.", "Bait fish __knowledge__ Freshwater bait fish include any fish of the minnow or carp family (Cyprinidae), sucker family (Catostomidae), top minnows or killifish family (Cyprinodontidae), shad family (Clupeidae), sculpin of the order Osteichthyes and sunfish family (Centrarchidae), excluding black basses and crappies." ] ]

[ 4, 7, 11, 12, 6 ]

[ "That is cool. I know gear attached to the end of the line is call terminal tackle.", "Right. Fishing tackle can beused with the right fishing technique.", "From what i have heard, fishing gear term is used for commercial fishing and tackle is more for recreational.", "Yes i do fish, I love spinner bait.", "That's cool. I always have a fishing rig ready. I live right by the lake." ]

[ "Fishing tackle", "Fishing tackle", "Fishing tackle", "Fishing tackle", "Fishing tackle" ]

[ "BBC", "no but ive seen them before", "oh really when was that", "decently old for TV" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "BBC __knowledge__ The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a British public service broadcaster.", "BBC __knowledge__ Its headquarters are at Broadcasting House in London and it is the world's oldest national broadcasting organisation and the largest broadcaster in the world by number of employees.", "BBC __knowledge__ It employs over 20,950 staff in total, 16,672 of whom are in public sector broadcasting.", "BBC __knowledge__ The total number of staff is 35,402 when part-time, flexible, and fixed-contract staff are included.", "BBC __knowledge__ The BBC is established under a Royal Charter and operates under its Agreement with the Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport.", "BBC __knowledge__ Its work is funded principally by an annual television licence fee which is charged to all British households, companies, and organisations using any type of equipment to receive or record live television broadcasts and iPlayer catch-up.", "BBC __knowledge__ The fee is set by the British Government, agreed by Parliament, and used to fund the BBC's radio, TV, and online services covering the nations and regions of the UK.", "BBC __knowledge__ Since 1 April 2014, it has also funded the BBC World Service (launched in 1932 as the BBC Empire Service), which broadcasts in 28 languages and provides comprehensive TV, radio, and online services in Arabic and Persian." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "BBC __knowledge__ The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a British public service broadcaster.", "BBC __knowledge__ Its headquarters are at Broadcasting House in London and it is the world's oldest national broadcasting organisation and the largest broadcaster in the world by number of employees.", "BBC __knowledge__ It employs over 20,950 staff in total, 16,672 of whom are in public sector broadcasting.", "BBC __knowledge__ The total number of staff is 35,402 when part-time, flexible, and fixed-contract staff are included.", "BBC __knowledge__ The BBC is established under a Royal Charter and operates under its Agreement with the Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport.", "BBC __knowledge__ Its work is funded principally by an annual television licence fee which is charged to all British households, companies, and organisations using any type of equipment to receive or record live television broadcasts and iPlayer catch-up.", "BBC __knowledge__ The fee is set by the British Government, agreed by Parliament, and used to fund the BBC's radio, TV, and online services covering the nations and regions of the UK.", "BBC __knowledge__ Since 1 April 2014, it has also funded the BBC World Service (launched in 1932 as the BBC Empire Service), which broadcasts in 28 languages and provides comprehensive TV, radio, and online services in Arabic and Persian.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Sir Jonathan Paul \"Jony\" Ive, (born 27 February 1967), is an English industrial designer who is currently the chief design officer (CDO) of Apple and chancellor of the Royal College of Art in London.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ While working for a design firm in London he was asked by Apple, then a struggling company, to create a look for a new laptop.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ He took the design to Apple and was hired immediately.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive oversees the Apple Industrial Design Group and also provides leadership and direction for Human Interface software teams across the company.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive is the designer of many of Apple's hardware and software products.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive has received a number of accolades for his work.", "St Ive __knowledge__ St Ive ( ; ) is a village and civil parish in eastern Cornwall, England, United Kingdom.", "St Ive __knowledge__ The village is split into four parts: St Ive Church End, St Ive Cross, St Ive Keason and St Ive Parkfield.", "St Ive __knowledge__ In addition to the Parish an electoral ward exists stretching north of St Ive.", "St Ive __knowledge__ The population at the 2011 census was 4,246.", "St Ive __knowledge__ The parish used to be a large rural area of rolling landscape with wooded valleys and the population was sparse with the largest village being St Ive itself, sited on the A390.", "St Ive __knowledge__ The hamlet of Woolston lies to the northwest of St Ive.", "St Ive __knowledge__ The demography of the parish was radically altered with the mid-Victorian mining boom centred on Caradon Hill.", "Institute of the Incarnate Word __knowledge__ The Institute of the Incarnate Word (IVE) () is a Roman Catholic religious institute founded in Argentina by Fr.", "Institute of the Incarnate Word __knowledge__ Carlos Miguel Buela on March 25, 1984.", "Institute of the Incarnate Word __knowledge__ The Institute is a \"Clerical Institute\" of Consecrated Life of Diocesan Right which includes both priests and religious brothers of either apostolic or contemplative life.", "Institute of the Incarnate Word __knowledge__ The Institute is the male branch of the Religious Family of the Incarnate Word: a union of religious institutes founded by Fr.", "Institute of the Incarnate Word __knowledge__ Buela.", "Institute of the Incarnate Word __knowledge__ The other two branches are the female religious community known as the Servants of the Lord and the Virgin of Matará (SSVM) and the Secular Third Order.", "Our Lady of Peace Shrine __knowledge__ Our Lady of Peace Shrine is a Roman Catholic parish of the Diocese of San Jose located in Santa Clara, California.", "Our Lady of Peace Shrine __knowledge__ The most notable feature of the parish is the 32-foot statue of Our Lady, Queen of Peace, which is visible from U.S. Highway 101.", "Our Lady of Peace Shrine __knowledge__ The parish was founded on June 24, 1961 when Father Joseph G. Sullivan was appointed pastor.", "Our Lady of Peace Shrine __knowledge__ In 1969 Fr.", "Our Lady of Peace Shrine __knowledge__ John Joseph Sweeny took over and worked to pay down the parish's $500,000 debt.", "Our Lady of Peace Shrine __knowledge__ After Monsignor Sweeny's retirement in accordance with the age requirements in canon law, Fr.", "Our Lady of Peace Shrine __knowledge__ Walter Mallo, IVE was appointed pastor.", "Our Lady of Peace Shrine __knowledge__ The parish had two Associate pastors while Fr.", "Artisan Entertainment __knowledge__ Artisan Entertainment (formerly known as U.S.A. Home Video, International Video Entertainment (IVE) and LIVE Entertainment) was an American film studio and home video company.", "Artisan Entertainment __knowledge__ It was considered one of the largest mini-major film studios until it was purchased by later mini-major film studio Lions Gate Entertainment in 2003.", "Artisan Entertainment __knowledge__ At the time of its acquisition, Artisan had a library of thousands of films developed through acquisition, original production, and production and distribution agreements.", "Artisan Entertainment __knowledge__ Its headquarters and private screening room were located in Santa Monica, California.", "Artisan Entertainment __knowledge__ It also had an office in Tribeca in Manhattan, New York.", "Umueze Anam __knowledge__ Umueze Anam is a community in Anambra West Local Government Area of Anambra State, Nigeria.", "Umueze Anam __knowledge__ It is said that Umueze Anam was founded by one hunter from Amadioba Nteje known as Nwavor in the 17th century.", "Umueze Anam __knowledge__ As a hunter, he used to hunt for game around the Omambala River when he found a peaceful peninsula across the river and settled there.", "Umueze Anam __knowledge__ Nwavor was accused of having a hand in the death of his archrival a kinsman of his and in other to free himself from the accusation decided to leave Nteje and settle at Odah.", "Umueze Anam __knowledge__ He first arrived at a place called Odah Anam where he found a lot of wildlife and fertile land for agricultural purposes.", "Distinct'ive Records __knowledge__ Distinct'ive Records (also known as Distinct'ive Breaks and Distinct've Records) is a UK based record label founded in 1995.", "Distinct'ive Records __knowledge__ The label has hundreds of releases from artists, most notably Hybrid, Way Out West, and iLS.", "Distinct'ive Records __knowledge__ Distinct'ive Records was initially founded in 1995 and started out as a sublabel of Avex Recordings (UK).", "Distinct'ive Records __knowledge__ In 1998, Avex reorganized, closed two of its labels and only continued trading music recordings as Distinct'ive Records.", "Distinct'ive Records __knowledge__ In 1999, The company began categorizing its genres within the label, sometimes retitling itself \"Distinct'ive Breaks\", which was often mistaken to be a sublabel of Distinct'ive.", "List of cities, towns and villages in Sistan and Baluchestan Province __knowledge__ A list of cities, towns and villages in Sistan and Baluchestan Province of southeastern Iran: Cities are in bold text; all others are villages.", "List of cities, towns and villages in Sistan and Baluchestan Province __knowledge__ Ab Anar | Ab Anbar | Ab Chekan | Ab Duzak-e Pain | Ab Gushtukan | Ab Namard | Ab Shirin | Abadan | Abadan | Abadi Kharut | Abady Emam Zeman | Abak Ziri Haj Shir Mohammad | Abak Ziri Hajji Ali | Aband | Abayegan | Abbas Abdollah | Abbas Bazar | Abbas Rostam | Abbas Shah Gol | Abbasabad | Abbasabad | Abbasabad | Abbasabad | Abbasabad | Abbasabad-e Senjadi | Abbasabad-e Sheykh Visi | Abbasiyeh | Abchegi | Abd ol Aziz | Abd ol Azizabad | Abd ol Ghafur | Abdol Ghani Brick Works | Abdol Rahman Safarzayi | Abdol Rahman Sarani | Abdolabad | Abdollah Bazar | Abdollahabad | Abdollahabad | Abdu Zehi | Abeshki | Abgah | Abgurandan | Abil | Abil Pol Randeh | Abkas | Abrin | Abtar | Abzan | Achkidar | Achu Bazar | Adamabad-e Baluchi Now | Adelabad | Adernag | Adimi | Adireh | Afghan | Afsalabad | Afshan | Afzalabad | Afzalabad | Afzalabad | Afzalabad | Afzalabad | Afzalabad-e Pain | Agosk | Agrestan | Agrichan | Agund | Ahmadabad ol Masaki | Ahmadabad | Ahmadabad | Ahmadabad | Ahmadabad | Ahmadabad | Ahmadabad | Ahmadabad | Ahmadabad | Ahmadabad | Ahmadabad | Ahmadabad | Ahmadabad | Ahmadabad | Ahmadabad-e Bogan | Ahmadabad-e Durban | Ahmadabad-e Gurak | Ahmadabad-e Vashnam | Ahu Ab | Ahugan | Akbarabad | Akbarabad | Akbarabad | Akbarabad | Akbarabad | Akbarabad | Akbarabad | Akhundzadeh | Akramabad | Akshi | Al Gari | Al Gorg | Al Gorg | Alamabad | Alamabad | Alanjan-e Do | Alari | Ali Akbar Khamr | Ali Bakshabad | Ali Dar | Ali Hoseyna | Ali Jafar-e Sofla | Ali Khan | Ali Khan-e Kachkul | Ali Khan-e Zaman | Ali Modad | Ali Mohammad Bazar | Ali Mohammad-e Pir Morad | Ali Moradan | Ali Morady | Ali Piri | Ali Reza | Ali Tigh | Aliabad | Aliabad | Aliabad | Aliabad | Aliabad | Aliabad | Aliabad | Aliabad | Aliabad | Aliabad | Aliabad | Aliabad | Aliabad | Aliabad | Aliabad | Aliabad | Aliabad | Aliabad-e Bala | Aliabad-e Bogan | Aliabad-e Chagardak | Aliabad-e Chah Chamran | Aliabad-e Chah Zar | Aliabad-e Garnechin | Aliabad-e Goldasht | Aliabad-e Kargah | Aliabad-e Ladi | Aliabad-e Malang | Aliabad-e Pain | Aliabad-e Pudchah | Alijan-e Darvish | Ali-ye Sufi | Aliyeh Dorudy | Allah Dad | Allah Dad-e Zehi | Allah Dow | Allah Now Bazar | Allahabad | Allahabad | Allahabad | Allahabad | Allahabad | Allahabad | Allahabad | Allahabad | Allahabad | Allahabad | Allahabad | Allahabad | Allahabad | Allahabad | Allahabad-e Baku | Allahabad-e Bala | Allahabad-e Dumak | Allahabad-e Luchu | Allahabad-e Minuyi | Allahabad-e Rowghani | Allahabad-e Sulkuk | Allahadadabad | Allahi | Allahiabad | Amanabad | Amidiyeh-ye Chah Zar | Aminabad | Amir Nezam | Amir | Amirabad | Amirabad | Amirabad | Amirabad | Amirabad | Amirabad | Amrabad | Amrhut | Amrudi | Anar Shahi | Anaran | Anaran | Anaran | Anaran | Anari Dap | Anari | Anari | Anarmantak | Anaruk | Andeh | Angiar | Angurabad | Anguri | Angury | Anjerah | Anjerak-e Pain | Anjir Mehi | Anjirak | Anjirak | Anjirak | Anjirak | Anjirak | Anjirak-e Anary | Anjirak-e Bala | Anjirak-e Pain | Anjirak-e Shahrak Shurchah | Anjiraki | Anjiruk | Anushirvan | Anvarabad | Anza | Apak Chushan | Apareng | Apatan | Apatan | Apudam | Arab Zehi | Arag Khan Malek | Aram Gan | Arbabi | Arbabi | Archini | Arefabad | Arefabad | Army Garrison | Aru Sajahi | Arzantak | Arzaq | Arzuni | As Hajji | Asadabad-e Kach | Asak | Asak | Asan Kuh | Asanu | Asda | As-e Qazi | Asghar Jama | Ashar | Asheqan | Askan | Askuh | Aspi Tir | Aspich | Ata Mohammad | Avaran | Ay Beyk | Aydow Bazar | Azad Gaz | Azad | Azadabad | Azadi | Azadi-ye Olya | Azadi-ye Vosta | Azadkur | Azarabad | Azati-ye Sofla | Azgandi | Azimabad | Azimabad | Azizabad | Azizabad | Azizabad | Azizabad | Azizabad | Azizabad | Azizabad | Azizabad | Azizabad | Azizabad | Azizabad-e Golestan | Aziz-e Bamadi | Azmanabad Ba Seyyedi | Babaskan | Babdui | Bachiri-ye Pir | Bad Bozorg | Bad Kuchek | Bafatan | Bag | Bag | Bagak | Bagalu | Bagh | Baghak | Baghak | Baghdaniyeh | Bagh-e Ghadir | Bagh-e Nil | Bagi Hanz | Bagu | Baha ol Din | Bahadorabad | Bahlir Sirjah | Bahlurmachi | Bahrabad | Bahramabad | Bahramabad | Bahramabad | Bahu Kalat | Bajar Bazar | Bajiri | Bajukan | Bak | Bakhtak-e Bala | Bakhti-ye Bala | Bakjud | Bakur | Bal | Bala Khaneh | Bala Qaleh | Bala Sheykh | Balad | Balak | Balal | Balalabad | Balalabad | Bal-e Bala | Bal-e Pain | Baleshti | Bali Anaran | Ball-e Dad Rahman | Balleh Sar | Baluch Ab | Baluch Abil | Baluch Naruyi | Baluch Recreational Complex | Baluchabad | Baluchabad-e Kahnaki | Baluchi | Baluchi-ye Bala | Baluchi-ye Pain | Baluchkan | Bam Dust | Bam Pishi | Bambasari | Bameri | Bameri-ye Jahan Tigh | Bampur | Banab | Banab | Banaru | Band Dar | Band Sar Chukat | Band Sar Molla Ahmad Bazar | Band Sar | Bandaman | Bandaman-e Pain | Bandan | Bandanbegi | Bandar Dap | Bandar-e Tang | Band-e Lal Mohammad | Band-e Osman Bazar | Bandehi | Banderan | Bandgahdan | Bandgah-e Pir Sohrab | Bandigan | Bandini Kursar | Bandsar | Bangelisur | Bangelui | Bangelzehi | Bani-ye Shib | Banrig | Bansont | Bapatan | Bapi | Baqerabad | Bar Abak | Bar Ahui | Barakeh | Barani | Barasan Riding Club | Barashk | Barataki | Bardarak | Bareh Puz Qaribabad-e Mowtowr-e Ebrahim | Barekatabad | Barg | Barg Dan | Bargin Zeh | Bariz | Barqi | Barzan Den | Barziar | Barzin Dan | Basiran | Basut-e Bala | Basut-e Hajji Hasan | Batagi Dan | Batak | Batli | Bavaridan | Bayan | Bayatabad | Baz Piran | Bazar Ahmad Sanjar | Bazar Madan Chah | Bazar Pir Mohammad | Bazarkabad | Bazgan | Bazi Shahraki | Bazigar | Bazm Balum | Bazm | Bazmahi | Bazman | Bechahanak | Bechu Bazar | Beheshtabad | Beheshtabad | Beheshtabad | Beheshtabad-e Sharif | Behesht-e Dar Kavir | Beheshtiabad | Behjatabad | Bel Pir | Belaftan | Belengi | Bennah | Bent | Bent | Benuk | Beris | Berisk | Berkat Tush | Beryani | Beshaneh | Bezanjekan | Bi Ban Zehi | Biahu Dushing-e Pain | Bibah | Bichand | Bid Bag | Bid Lang | Bid | Bida Setar | Bidak | Bidak-e Bala | Bidak-e Pain | Bidan | Bidan Sarzeh | Bidarabad | Bidi | Bidlad | Biduk-e Bala | Biduk-e Murtak | Biduk-e Pain | Bigdag | Bilari | Binag | Birdaf | Bir-e Bala | Bir-e Rasul Bakhsh | Bir-e Sofla | Birmin | Bistak | Bitab | Bitich | Bitijedap | Bogan | Boghdan | Bok | Bol | Bolandan | Bolbol | Bon Abashi | Bon Deh | Bon Gir | Bon Kel | Bon Rud Mohammad Heyyat | Bon Rud | Bon Rud | Bonab | Bondabi | Bondami | Bongar | Bonguh | Bonjar | Bonseptk | Bonu | Borhanabad | Borj-e Afghan | Borj-e Mirgol | Bormok | Brahui | Brahuyi | Brick Factory | Buchchi | Bufkan | Bug Station | Bugakabad | Buk | Buk White Granite Quarry | Buk-e Hormak | Bulani | Bumask | Bundi | Bur Sar | Burak | Burdaran | Burgar | Burniduk | Bursar | Burta | Burui | Bustan | Buti-ye Bala | Buti-ye Pain Camp Office | Chabahar | Chacheragh | Chad-e Bala | Chad-e Pain | Chaderak | Chagherbit-e Bala | Chagherbit-e Pain | Chagugdan | Chah | Chah Kash | Chah Lashkaran-e Bala | Chah Lashkaran-e Pain | Chah Maldari-ye Abdol Ghani | Chah Maldari-ye Abdollah | Chah Maldari-ye Allahdad | Chah Maldari-ye Esmail Hasan | Chah Maldari-ye Hajji Mohammad | Chah Maldary-e Ahmad Naruyi | Chah Maldary-e Anur Nuti Zehi | Chah Maldary-e Harun | Chah Maldary-e Morad Mir Baluch Zehi | Chah Maldary-e Nuti Zehi | Chah Maldary-e Pati Mohammad Tuta Zehi | Chah Maldary-e Talarak | Chah Mirak | Chah Mowtowr-e Teymury | Chah Nandeh | Chah Shomareh-ye 15 | Chah Shomareh-ye Chahar Mohammad | Chah Shomareh-ye Do Mir Hoseyni | Chah Shomareh-ye Haft Shaharki | Chah Shomareh-ye Panj Deh Mardeh | Chah Shomareh-ye Shesh Sarani | Chah Shomareh-ye Yek Akbarian | Chah Shur-e Seh | Chah Shur-e Shomareh-ye Do | Chah Shur-e Shomareh-ye Yek | Chah Zaman | Chah Zard | Chah Zilan | Chahak | Chahak | Chahak | Chahak | Chahak | Chahan | Chahan | Chahan | Chahan | Chahar Biti | Chahar Cheshm | Chahar Khami | Chahar Suleh Station | Chah-e Abdol Majid | Chah-e Abdol Teyf | Chah-e Abdollah | Chah-e Abdollah | Chah-e Abdollah | Chah-e Abdolrahman | Chah-e Ahmad | Chah-e Ahmad | Chah-e Alam Shah Bakhsh | Chah-e Ali Pangi | Chah-e Ali | Chah-e Ali | Chah-e Alikhan | Chah-e Allah Bakhsh | Chah-e Alu | Chah-e Alvand | Chah-e Amid | Chah-e Asiabi | Chah-e Azam | Chah-e Azim | Chah-e Azim | Chah-e Aziz | Chah-e Baharshah | Chah-e Bahram Dust Mohammad | Chah-e Baluch Khan | Chah-e Baluch | Chah-e Bid | Chah-e Bist va Do-e Bahman | Chah-e Dad Rahim | Chah-e Dadkhoda | Chah-e Damban | Chah-e Damdari | Chah-e Damdary Bahader Khan | Chah-e Danak | Chah-e Dar Mohammad | Chah-e Dar Mohammad Makam | Chah-e Davud | Chah-e Dazu | Chah-e Dekal | Chah-e Deldar | Chah-e Din Mohammad Nabayikh | Chah-e Divan | Chah-e Ebrahim | Chah-e Eid Mohammad | Chah-e Eslam | Chah-e Esmail | Chah-e Faqir | Chah-e Feyz Mohammad | Chah-e Feyz Mohammad | Chah-e Gahi | Chah-e Gahi | Chah-e Ganj | Chah-e Gargin | Chah-e Garuk | Chah-e Ghani | Chah-e Ghani | Chah-e Gholam | Chah-e Gholam Shah | Chah-e Gol Mohammad | Chah-e Golshanabad | Chah-e Gomshad | Chah-e Gurik | Chah-e Hajj Dust Mohammad Dekali | Chah-e Hajj Mahmud | Chah-e Hajj Qader Bakhsh | Chah-e Hajji Abbas | Chah-e Hajji Ahmad | Chah-e Hajji Baha ol Din | Chah-e Hajji Dadallah | Chah-e Hajji Del Morad | Chah-e Hajji Gholam | Chah-e Hajji Gholam Nabi | Chah-e Hajji Isa | Chah-e Hajji Jelal | Chah-e Hajji Karim | Chah-e Hajji Kichi Mianru | Chah-e Hajji Rudini | Chah-e Hajji Shah Mohammad | Chah-e Hajji Siah Khan | Chah-e Hamal | Chah-e Hamel Sheh Bakhsh | Chah-e Hasan | Chah-e Hasan | Chah-e Hasan | Chah-e Hashem | Chah-e Heydar | Chah-e Hoseyn | Chah-e Hoseyn | Chah-e Hoseyni | Chah-e Hut Abdol Aziz | Chah-e Isa Sheh Bakhsh | Chah-e Isa | Chah-e Isa | Chah-e Jahangir | Chah-e Jalal | Chah-e Jalal | Chah-e Jalal | Chah-e Jamal | Chah-e Jamshid | Chah-e Jelai | Chah-e Jomeh Khan | Chah-e Jomeh Khan | Chah-e Kalir | Chah-e Kalir | Chah-e Kamal Nurollah | Chah-e Kamal Siah Jinad | Chah-e Kamal | Chah-e Kamal | Chah-e Kamal | Chah-e Kan | Chah-e Karim | Chah-e Karim Bakhsh | Chah-e Karimabad | Chah-e Karshanian | Chah-e Khan Mohammad | Chah-e Khoda Bakhsh Allahdad | Chah-e Khoda Bakhsh | Chah-e Khoda Bakhsh | Chah-e Khodadad | Chah-e Kichi | Chah-e Kureh | Chah-e Mahmud Kalataki | Chah-e Mahmud | Chah-e Mahmud | Chah-e Majid Sheh Bakhsh | Chah-e Maldari | Chah-e Maldari Badi | Chah-e Malek | Chah-e Malek Sheh Bakhsh | Chah-e Marim | Chah-e Mehrab-e Chah-e Vali Mohammad | Chah-e Mir Jan | Chah-e Mir | Chah-e Mirhan | Chah-e Mirza | Chah-e Mirza | Chah-e Mohammad Bakhsh | Chah-e Mohammad Hoseyn | Chah-e Mohammad Omar Dasht Robat | Chah-e Mohammad Rahim | Chah-e Mohammad Selim | Chah-e Mohammad | Chah-e Mohammad | Chah-e Mohammad | Chah-e Mohammad | Chah-e Mohammad | Chah-e Mohammad-e Chah Jameh | Chah-e Mohammadi | Chah-e Molla Fakhr ol Din | Chah-e Molla Isa | Chah-e Molla Musa | Chah-e Morad | Chah-e Mostafa | Chah-e Mostafa Abbas Zehi | Chah-e Mulla Mohammad | Chah-e Musa | Chah-e Nabi Bakhsh | Chah-e Nabiabad | Chah-e Nali | Chah-e Navvab | Chah-e Nawab | Chah-e Nawabzadeh | Chah-e Naz Bibi | Chah-e Nazer | Chah-e Nik Mohammad Gamshad Zehi | Chah-e Nikabakht | Chah-e Nimeh | Chah-e Nokhud | Chah-e Nuk Bandak | Chah-e Nur Mohammad | Chah-e Osman | Chah-e Osman | Chah-e Pakir | Chah-e Palli | Chah-e Pulad | Chah-e Qajar | Chah-e Qanbar | Chah-e Qanbarak | Chah-e Qezelbash | Chah-e Qorban | Chah-e Qorban | Chah-e Rahim | Chah-e Rahim | Chah-e Rahim | Chah-e Rahman | Chah-e Rahmat Allah | Chah-e Rahmat | Chah-e Rahmat | Chah-e Rasul | Chah-e Rasulbakhsh | Chah-e Rigak | Chah-e Rowghani | Chah-e Saadat | Chah-e Salar | Chah-e Sam | Chah-e Sangak | Chah-e Seyyed Mohammad | Chah-e Shabarvar | Chah-e Shafi Mohammad | Chah-e Shah Mohammad | Chah-e Shahdad | Chah-e Shahi | Chah-e Shahi | Chah-e Shakar | Chah-e Sharif | Chah-e Sheh Dust | Chah-e Sheh Dust | Chah-e Sheykh Hasan | Chah-e Shir Khan | Chah-e Shir Mohammad Gorgich | Chah-e Shirkhan | Chah-e Shirvan | Chah-e Shur | Chah-e Shurak-e Do | Chah-e Shurak-e Yek | Chah-e Soltan Mohammad | Chah-e Soltan | Chah-e Taj Mohammad | Chah-e Taqi | Chah-e Torsh | Chah-e Vali Khan | Chah-e Vali Mohammad | Chah-e Vali Mohammad | Chah-e Yar Mohammad | Chah-e Yar Mohammad | Chah-e Yar Mohammad | Chah-e Yar Mohammad | Chah-e Yar Mohammad | Chah-e Yar Mohammad | Chahok | Chahr Khari | Chahtuk | Chahuk | Chahuk | Chahuk | Chahuk-e Mehrab | Chahuki | Chakal | Chaker Bazar | Chaker Zehi | Chakeri Koch | Chakkol | Chakol | Chakorabad | Chaluki | Chandukan | Chanf | Chang Anari | Charak | Charpadan | Charpanogan | Charti | Chat Kut Ansan | Chatandar | Chati-ye Pain | Chatuk | Chavar | Cheb | Chegerd | Chegerd | Chegerd | Chegerdak | Chegerdanlash | Cheh-e Zar | Chehel Kharvari | Chehel Mani | Chehmeh-ye Sorkh Mowtowr-e Hoseyni | Cheleng | Chelsat Ali | Chengiz Shir Zehi | Cheraghabad | Cheraghabad | Cheraghabad | Cheraghan | Cheshak | Cheshmak | Cheshmeh Bid | Cheshmeh Boland | Cheshmeh Maleki | Cheshmeh-ye Abek | Cheshmeh-ye Amir Amr | Cheshmeh-ye Juri | Cheshmeh-ye Karim Bakhsh | Cheshmeh-ye Khan Mohammad | Cheshmeh-ye Kondur | Cheshmeh-ye Salim | Chetander | Chideki | Chihaki | Chil Konar | Chil Sar | Chil Sar | Chil | Chiliban | Chorpan Shib | Chorrak | Chukaleki-ye Bala | Chukaleki-ye Pain | Chukat-e Abdol Karim Bazar | Chukat-e Bala | Chukat-e Pain | Chukat-e Vasat | Chury | Chutabad | Chutani Dabbar | Dabshan | Dad Mohammad Abih | Dad Shah Mohammad Pahlavan | Dad Zari | Dadahi | Dadallah-e Bazar | Dadi | Dadkan | Dadkhodaabad | Dadkhoda-ye Sasuli | Dadollah | Dadrahman Badfar | Dadrahman Bazar | Dadrahman Bazar | Daf Hava | Daftulak | Dahan Baghi | Dahaneh | Dahaneh-ye Baghi | Dahirak | Dajdad-e Khoda | Dajdagaru | Dajdarig | Dajdelmorad | Dak Deh-e Mardeh | Dak Jamal | Dak | Dakab-e Rughan | Dakk-e Bahu | Dalushabad | Dambdaf | Dambdaf-e Miran | Dambdaf-e Moradi | Dambdaf-e Osman | Damen | Damikan | Damituk | Damitun-e Bala | Damitun-e Pain | Damui | Dan Dastkord | Dan Gisharatan | Dan Sar | Danb-e Sar | Dandarak | Daniar Kalak | Dansar Kaldan | Dansar | Danu | Danukan | Dap Gazan | Dap Kur | Dap Kur | Dapkur | Dar Ab | Dar Dazdan | Dar Giaban | Dar Giaban | Dar Nadan | Dar Narikan | Dar Ziraki | Darabul | Daragvar | Darahu | Darajendan | Darajindan | Darak | Darak | Darang Posht | Darang-e Eshaq | Darband | Darbandkan | Darbast | Darbon | Darchahi | Darduk | Darenan | Dargaz | Darhava | Daridar | Darin | Dark Karimabad | Darkan | Darkas | Dark-e Chandi | Darkeshan | Darkian | Darpan | Darreh Garm | Darreh Kashkin | Darreh-ye Malekhi | Darreh-ye Mazar | Darreh-ye Palfateh Kharestan | Darreh-ye Seyeh Tapi | Darreh-ye Shargan | Darreh-ye Talayi | Darsan | Darsavaran | Dartaluk | Dartang | Darukan | Darvasak | Darvazuk Seyah Takan | Darvish | Dashak | Dasht Kuh-e Anjirak | Dasht Mal Hesaruiyeh Mowtowr-e Ali Zaboli | Dasht Mal Mahmud Naruyi | Dasht Mal Mowtowr-e Ahmad Naruyi | Dasht Mal Mowtowr-e Eydu Naruyi Pirdad | Dasht | Dashtak | Dashtak | Dashtak-e Mil-e Nader | Dashtandar | Dasht-e Emam | Dasht-e Zar | Dashtu | Dashtuk | Dashtuk | Dast Langin | Dastgerd | Dastgerd | Dastgerd | Dastkartaki | Davazdah Sahmi | Daz Darak | Dazandar | Dazandar | Dazank | Dazin Shib | Dazuki | Dazvanik | Dazy Chah | Deh Ali Akhund | Deh Bazi-ye Olya | Deh Bazi-ye Sofla | Deh Hoseyna | Deh Mir | Deh Nadam | Deh Now | Deh Now-e Ali Khan | Deh Qaleh | Deh Qola | Deh Shahdust | Dehak | Dehak-e Abdollah | Dehak-e-Seyyedabad | Dehan | Dehan | Dehan | Dehdati | Deh-e Abbas Aqa Jan | Deh-e Abdollah | Deh-e Afghan-e Bar Ahuyi | Deh-e Afsari | Deh-e Ahmad Ali Khan | Deh-e Ahmad | Deh-e Akhvond Gholami | Deh-e Alari | Deh-e Ali Ahmad-e Lek Zahi | Deh-e Ali Ahmad-e Lek Zayi | Deh-e Ali Akbar | Deh-e Ali Akbar-e Bala | Deh-e Ali Jan | Deh-e Ali Khan | Deh-e Ali Morad | Deh-e Ali Reza | Deh-e Alim | Deh-e Alishah | Deh-e Amir | Deh-e Anushirvan | Deh-e Aqa Jan | Deh-e Aqai | Deh-e Arbab | Deh-e Arbab | Deh-e Arjuni | Deh-e As | Deh-e Asghar | Deh-e Avaz | Deh-e Azad | Deh-e Azad | Deh-e Badil | Deh-e Bala Siyah Rishan | Deh-e Bala | Deh-e Bala | Deh-e Baluchi | Deh-e Bameri | Deh-e Bar Ahuyi | Deh-e Bashi | Deh-e Bashi | Deh-e Boland | Deh-e Bozi | Deh-e Buleh | Deh-e Chahar Dari | Deh-e Chamli | Deh-e Dah Mardeh | Deh-e Dargi | Deh-e Darvish | Deh-e Darvish Ali | Deh-e Dasht | Deh-e Delarami | Deh-e Deraz | Deh-e Ebrahim | Deh-e Emami | Deh-e Eskel | Deh-e Esmail Qanbar | Deh-e Fakhireh | Deh-e Fakhireh-ye Sofla | Deh-e Faqir | Deh-e Fatami | Deh-e Fathollah | Deh-e Gami | Deh-e Gargich | Deh-e Gat | Deh-e Ghafur | Deh-e Gholam Ali | Deh-e Gholam Mohammad Sarani | Deh-e Gholam Naruyi | Deh-e Gholaman | Deh-e Gholam-e Sharifabad | Deh-e Gol Mir | Deh-e Gol Mohammad | Deh-e Golzar | Deh-e Gorg | Deh-e Gorg | Deh-e Gorg | Deh-e Habil | Deh-e Hajji Abbas | Deh-e Hajji Abbas Khan | Deh-e Hajji Abdol Rahim Rakhshani | Deh-e Hajji Abdollah | Deh-e Hajji Hoseyn | Deh-e Hajji Hoseyn | Deh-e Hajji Mirza Khan | Deh-e Hajji Shahbaz | Deh-e Hasan Karbalai | Deh-e Hasan | Deh-e Hasan | Deh-e Hatam | Deh-e Hoseyn Ali Khan | Deh-e Hoseyn Mashhadi | Deh-e Hoseyn Rahman | Deh-e Hoseyn | Deh-e Isa-ye Olya | Deh-e Isa-ye Sofla | Deh-e Jafary | Deh-e Jamal ol Din | Deh-e Jangi Khun | Deh-e Jehil | Deh-e Jomeh | Deh-e Kadeh Feyzabad | Deh-e Kadkhoda Ali-ye Namruri | Deh-e Kadkhoda Shah Jan Bamari | Deh-e Kamali | Deh-e Kandal | Deh-e Karam Mazraeh | Deh-e Karam | Deh-e Karami | Deh-e Karim-e Deh-e Mardeheh | Deh-e Khamr | Deh-e Khiari | Deh-e Khoda Rahm | Deh-e Khodabakhsh | Deh-e Kikha | Deh-e Kul | Deh-e Kul | Deh-e Kul-e Eslam Nazer | Deh-e Lotfollah | Deh-e Mahenda | Deh-e Malang | Deh-e Mansuri | Deh-e Mardeh | Deh-e Mardeh | Deh-e Mardeh Sohrab | Deh-e Mardeh | Deh-e Mardeh | Deh-e Mardeh | Deh-e Maryam | Deh-e Mastikhun | Deh-e Mir Abdollah | Deh-e Mir Baluch | Deh-e Mir Beyk | Deh-e Mir Jafar Khan | Deh-e Mir Khan | Deh-e Mir Shah | Deh-e Mir | Deh-e Mir | Deh-e Miran | Deh-e Mirza Ali | Deh-e Mirza Khan-e Bar Ahuyi | Deh-e Mirza Mohammad | Deh-e Mirzang | Deh-e Mohammad Ali | Deh-e Mohammad Ebrahim | Deh-e Mohammad Mirza | Deh-e Mohammad Shahraki | Deh-e Mohsen | Deh-e Mokhtar | Deh-e Molla Abdollah | Deh-e Molla Ali | Deh-e Molla Nazar | Deh-e Molla | Deh-e Morad Ali | Deh-e Musa Ka Makhan | Deh-e Musa Mohammad | Deh-e Musa | Deh-e Nader | Deh-e Najib Gorgich | Deh-e Nazar Gargich | Deh-e Nazar Isa Zahi | Deh-e Nik Mohammad | Deh-e Nohur | Deh-e Now Jahan Tigh | Deh-e Now Piran | Deh-e Now | Deh-e Now | Deh-e Now | Deh-e Nur Mohammad Hormozi | Deh-e Nur Mohammad Khan | Deh-e Nur Mohammad Safarzayi | Deh-e Nur Mohammad-e Dashti | Deh-e Pabid | Deh-e Pahlavan | Deh-e Parkak | Deh-e Parviz Sarani | Deh-e Piri | Deh-e Qader | Deh-e Qasem Qajr | Deh-e Rahman | Deh-e Rais | Deh-e Rakhshani | Deh-e Rashid | Deh-e Rashid | Deh-e Rasul Khan Mohammad | Deh-e Rejai | Deh-e Reza Ali | Deh-e Reza Janab Valiabad | Deh-e Reza | Deh-e Reza | Deh-e Reza | Deh-e Reza | Deh-e Reza | Deh-e Rezayi | Deh-e Rostam Mahmud | Deh-e Rostam | Deh-e Rowshan | Deh-e Sadat | Deh-e Sadeq | Deh-e Safdar Mir Beyk | Deh-e Said | Deh-e Salim | Deh-e Samad | Deh-e Sand-e Gol | Deh-e Sangu | Deh-e Sargazi | Deh-e Sarhadi | Deh-e Shadi Jamal Zehi | Deh-e Shadi | Deh-e Shah Nazer | Deh-e Shahbaz | Deh-e Sherkat | Deh-e Sheykha | Deh-e Shirdel | Deh-e Soltan | Deh-e Taqi | Deh-e Validad | Deh-e Yadegar | Deh-e Yusef | Deh-e Zaman Khan | Deh-e Zeynal | Deh-e Ziarat-e Jahan Tigh | Deh-e Zir | Dehgandar | Dehi | Dehnow Posht-e Adimi | Dehnow | Dehnow-e Seyyed Khan | Dehu | Dejang-e Bala | Dejang-e Pain | Deji | Dekan Haniyan | Del Kuk | Del Morad | Delaram | Delegan-e Madrasah | Delegan-e Molla Faqir | Delegan-e Sheykh Cheragh | Delmorad Bazar | Delush Bazar | Dempak Bazar | Dengari | Densar Mowladad | Dep | Department of Agriculture | Derangu | Derap | Deraz | Dermanak | Deruk | Deruneh | Desk | Detk | Dez | Dezbon | Dezzak | Digru | Dimrud | Dirman | Dival | Divaneh | Divari | Dizi | Dizuk | Do Dar | Do Dar | Do Rahi Sad | Do Rudi | Do Rudi Narun | Do Shang | Don Garap | Don Qolman | Dorrabad | Dorudi | Dow Kalleh | Dowlatabad | Dowlatabad | Dowlatabad | Dowlatabad | Dowlatabad | Dowmaki | Dowr | Doz Bagan | Dukan Kopt | Duki | Dulabkan | Dumak | Dur | Durban-e Hajji Faqir | Durtum | Dushinkuh | Dust Mohammad | Dust Mohammad Bazar | Dust Mohammad Shah Karam | Dust Mohammad-e Lashkaran | Dust Mohammad-e Shah Gol Pahlavan | Dust-e Mohammad Hajji Ebrahim Hut Bazar | Ebrahim Malek Dad | Ebrahimabad | Ebrahimabad | Ebrahimabad | Ebrahimabad | Ebrahimabad | Ebrahimabad | Edipan | Eftekharabad | Emamabad | Emamabad | Emamabad | Emamabad | Emamiyeh | Emamiyeh-ye Pain | Enayat | Esfand | Esfandak | Eshaq Bazar | Eshaqabad | Eshaqabad | Eshkastag | Eshkastegan | Eshtarak Hajji Nazer | Eskan Dasht | Eskelabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad-e Garnechin | Eslamabad-e Mowtowr-e Abdol Vahdasheh Bakhsh | Eslamabad-e Pain | Eslamabad-e Qanat Shahbaz | Esmail Ali | Esmail Bazar Mahrek Jamik | Esmail Chat | Esmailabad | Esmailabad | Esmailabad | Esmailabad | Esmailabad | Esmailabad | Esmailabad | Esmailabad | Esmailabad | Esmailabad | Espah | Espakeh | Espekar | Espetk-e Hajji Gholam | Espid Bon | Espidabad | Espidak | Estahli | Estakhr | Estakhrak | Estakhru | Eydabad | Eydu Sohrab | Eyduabad Fahreh | Fansan | Fanuj | Faqir Bazar | Faqir Lashgari | Faqir Qasem | Faqir Zehi Khan Mohammad Bazar | Faqir Zehi Morad Bazar | Faqir Zehi Nur Mohammad | Faqirabad | Faqirabad | Faqirabad-e Qanat Ebrahim | Farahi | Farm Complex | Faruqabad | Fath Ali Kalat | Fathabad | Fatuchah | Fazel Allahi | Fazelabad | Feyzabad | Feyzabad | Feyzabad-e Luchu | Firuzabad | Firuzabad | Firuzabad | Firuzabad | Firuzabad | Firuzehi | Fiselabad Gabulan | Gabulani | Gachi | Gadamak | Gadi Dap | Gadukan | Galah Chah | Galak | Galak-e Bala | Galik | Galindar | Galleh Bacheh | Galmurti | Galu Gah | Gamarduj-e Pain | Gamshad | Gamshadabad | Ganban | Gangozarabad | Ganjabad | Ganjabad | Ganjak | Ganush | Ganzi | Ganzuk | Gar Abdy | Gar Faqir | Gar Kandi Rasul Bakhsh Bazar | Gar Kandi | Gar Paskuh | Garab | Garagan | Garag-e Heydarabad | Garagheh-ye Pain | Garan | Garandarak | Garanshand | Garapan | Garbon | Garbudar | Gardak | Gardak | Gardak | Gargandar | Gargush | Gari Dasht Kuh | Garich | Garik | Garikan | Garikan | Garin Parag | Garisheh | Garjumak | Garm Bit-e Bala | Garm Bit-e Pain | Garmir-e Khadem | Garnak Darvazeh | Garowk | Garragi | Garsaman-e Pain | Garsaman-e-Bala | Garshib | Gartupan | Gartut | Garudal-e Bala | Garuk Dap | Garuk Dap | Garuk | Garuk | Garuk | Garukan | Garuki | Garuki | Gary | Gashan | Gat | Gat Rais Golestan | Gatan | Gatan | Gatan | Gati Ap | Gati Gur | Gati Task | Gati | Gati | Gativan | Gatti | Gavajag | Gavanak | Gavandalik Dap | Gavatamak | Gavatamak | Gavatamak | Gavataman | Gavatami | Gavatamin | Gavdal | Gavdari-ye Amiri | Gavdari-ye Sagari | Gavdary-ye Khan Mohammad Kabdani | Gavi | Gaz Anguri | Gaz Gar | Gaz Getan | Gaz Shahan | Gazab | Gazaki | Gazan Ashehi | Gazan Bazin | Gazan Tupan | Gazan | Gazan | Gazan | Gazan | Gazandan | Gazan-e Bala | Gazani-ye Pain | Gazani-ye Taj Mohammad | Gazar | Gazasiahu | Gazauz | Gazbastan | Gazchat | Gazdan | Gazdanak | Gazdanan | Gazdivan | Gazeh Shahnavazi | Gazeh-ye Gamshad Zehi | Gazger | Gazgun | Gazhak | Gazi Zehi | Gazidar | Gazikeh | Gazin Guhach | Gazin | Gazmanzel | Gazmeh | Gazmeh-ye Marishan | Gazmir | Gazmum | Gazok | Gazond | Gazrineg | Gazu | Gazuabad | Gazur | Geh Kuh | Geha | Gehjan | Gel Kan | Gelder | Geli | Genz | Genzerig | Geran | Geransekar | Geravani-ye Bala | Gerd Jangal | Gerd Jangal-e Qanat Dad Mohammad | Gerdahan | Gerdilash | Gerdovak | Gerdu Nan | Geri | Gesk-e Aliabad | Gesk-e Mohammadabad | Gesk-e Sarehabad | Gesk-e Shahiabad | Gespardin | Getanok | Getin Nukin | Ghafurabad | Gharib | Gharibabad | Gharibabad | Gharibabad | Gharibabad | Gharibabad | Gharibabad | Gharibabad | Gharibabad | Gharibabad | Gharibabad | Gharibabad | Gharibabad | Gharibabad | Gharibabad | Gharibabad | Gharibabad | Gharibabad | Gharibabad | Gharibabad-e Allah Dad | Gharibabad-e Bala | Gharibabad-e Hajji Rahmat | Gharibabad-e Minuyi | Gharibabad-e Nark | Gharibabad-e Pain | Gharibabad-e Raduchahi | Gholam Ali Jafar | Gholam Ali Sargazi | Gholam Ali | Gholam Golzar | Gholam Hoseyn Laghari | Gholam Mohammad Bazar | Gholam Mohammad Sarani | Gholam Mohammad | Gholam Nabi | Gholam Reza Nury | Gholam Rostam | Gholamak | Gholammohammad Bazar | Gholamuzamin | Gidbast | Gidbast | Gigan | Gimak | Giman | Giman | Giran | Gishan | Gishtan | Gishtary Dap | Gishterian | Gitan | Gitan | Gitani | Gitig | Gituk | Gobadhamun | Godamdar | Godar Gol | Gohram Kalat | Gol Gaz | Gol Gazabad | Gol Kan | Gol Kush | Gol Mir | Gol Mir | Gol Mirak | Gol Mohammad Beyk | Gol Mohammad | Gol Mohammad | Gol Mohammad-e Danesh Naruyi | Gol Pichuk | Gol Shir | Gol Shudan | Golabad | Golabad | Golabad | Golabad-e Avval | Golabad-e Dum | Golabad-e Sar Qolab | Golbir | Golchah | Goldasht | Golkan-e Shahid Medani | Golkhani | Golshah | Golshah Naruyi | Golshahr | Golzarabad | Golzar-e Piri | Golzar-e Yagan | Gomn | Gonak | Gonbad Shahi | Gonbad-e Alavi | Gondow Bazar | Gonji | Goran | Gorban | Gorg | Gorg | Gorgich | Gorgukan | Gorgunak | Gorudal | Goruh | Gorvan | Gorz | Gosht | Govadeh | Govader Sham | Govahr-e Mili | Govajg | Govarai | Govarnag | Govarnag | Govarnag | Govarnak | Govash | Gow | Gow | Gow | Gowdan | Gowhar Kuh Shahrak | Gowhar | Gowmazi Faqir | Gowmazi Jari | Gowmazi Kowsar | Gowmazi Osman | Gowmazi Saleh | Gowmazi Sanjar | Gu | Guhech | Gujar | Gumay | Gumdar | Gun Zemin | Gunak | Gunak | Gunak | Gundan | Gunefshgan | Gunegan | Gunich | Gunizhdar | Gunkan | Gur Band | Gur Kain | Gur Khalaj | Gur Mazar | Gur Mordan Tigh Ab | Gurabak | Gurabak | Guran Alit | Gurandi | Gurani-ye Pain | Gurankesh-e Abd ol Rahman | Gurankesh-e Jamaat | Gurankesh-e Molla Goharam | Guranzhan Gaz | Gurband-e Avval | Gurband-e Dum | Gurband-e Sum | Gurchan | Gurchari | Gurd | Gurdar | Gurdim | Gurehi | Gurgar-e Jelayi | Gurgar-e Zeman Khan | Gurgatan | Guri | Guri | Guring | Guriyat | Gurkavan | Gurmurik | Gurnagan | Gurnagan | Gurnak | Gurnak | Gurshun | Gusal | Gushan-e Bala | Guvak Dap | Guvanak | Guvas Habibabad | Habibabad | Habibehi | Hadarat | Hafezabad | Hafezabad | Haft Ardar | Haftari | Hajj Adam Bazar | Hajj Mohammad Alishah | Hajji Abbas Shahraki | Hajji Abbas | Hajji Abbas | Hajji Abdollah Bazar | Hajji Ahmad Shahvazayi | Hajji Akbar | Hajji Babakhan | Hajji Baluch Khan | Hajji Baran | Hajji Bazar | Hajji Began | Hajji Dar Mohammad Sardarzehi | Hajji Gholam Ali | Hajji Hoseyn Shahraki | Hajji Hoseyn Shirzehi | Hajji Karamabad | Hajji Khalil Sheh Bakhsh | Hajji Khoda Raham Rigi | Hajji Malang Kharut | Hajji Malek Shirzayi | Hajji Malek | Hajji Nabi | Hajji Nur Mohammad Bazar | Hajji Qaderdad Bazar | Hajji Rasul | Hajji Sabzan | Hajji Safar | Hajji | Hajjiabad | Hajjiabad | Hajjiabad | Hajjiabad | Hajjiabad | Hajjiabad | Hajjiabad | Hajjiabad | Hajjiabad | Hajjiabad | Hajjiabad | Hajjiabad | Hajjiabad | Hajjiabad | Hajjiabad | Hajjiabad | Hajjiabad | Hajjiabad | Hajjiabad | Hajjiabad | Hajjiabad-e Avval | Hajjiabad-e Dum | Hajjiabad-e Esmailabad | Hajjiabad-e Fajr | Hajjiabad-e Khezneh Golchat | Hajjiabad-e Khvoshdad | Hajjiabad-e Minuyi | Hajjiabad-e Pudchah | Hajjiabad-e Vazhdad | Hajuk | Hakim Rigi | Hakimabad | Hakimabad | Halgodari-ye Ashraf | Halgodari-ye Osman | Halim Alizehi | Halim Khan | Halow Bazar | Hamadabad | Hamal Koshteh | Hamantak | Hambaki Kam | Hambunan | Hamid Naruyi Farzand Ekhtar Mohammad | Hamidabad | Hamidabad | Hamidgu | Hamiri | Hamun Research Station | Hamzeh Jahan | Hamzehabad | Han | Hang | Hangiri | Hanif | Haniyan | Hanjirak | Hansan | Hanziruk | Hanzom | Haqabad | Haqami | Haqqabad | Haqqabad | Hari Chahi | Hari | Haridowk | Harun Bazar | Hasan Abdollah | Hasan Jafar Zehi | Hasan Sheykh | Hasanabad | Hasanabad | Hasanabad | Hasanabad | Hasanabad | Hasanabad | Hasanabad | Hasanabad | Hasanabad | Hasanabad | Hasanabad | Hasanabad | Hasanabad-e Dastgerd | Hasanabad-e Kurin | Hasanabad-e Lankeh | Hasanabad-e Shandak | Hasanak | Hasankhun | Hashemabad | Hashemabad | Hashemzahi | Havaran | Havaran | Hedkan | Hemmatabad | Hemmatabad | Hemmatabad-e Shurchah | Hempani | Hendovan | Hendunehi | Herati | Hesagi | Hesaruiyeh Mowtowr-e Nazer Naruyi Ahmad | Hesharkeh | Heshik | Heydar Band | Heydarabad | Heydarabad | Heydarabad | Heydarabad | Heydarabad | Heydarabad | Heydarabad-e Soleyman | Heydari | Heydari | Hezari | Hezari | Hian | Hichan | Hidan | Hiduch-e Pain | Hiduj | Hiduyich | Hikan | Hir | Hirgan | Hisek | Hit | Hit | Hitak | Hitak | Hitamak | Hitan | Hitan | Hitgar | Hitkan | Hizabad-e Bala | Hizabad-e Pain | Hodar | Hojjatabad | Holunchekan | Hormak | Hormiri | Hormozi | Hoseyn Ali Mastian | Hoseyn Arbabi | Hoseyn Baqer | Hoseyn Bazar | Hoseyn Bazar | Hoseyn Bazar | Hoseyn Masafer | Hoseyn Mir Ali | Hoseyn Mirdel | Hoseyn ol Tafali Safar | Hoseyn Safdar | Hoseyn Shahraki | Hoseyn Zehi | Hoseyn Zinal | Hoseyna | Hoseynabad | Hoseynabad | Hoseynabad | Hoseynabad | Hoseynabad | Hoseynabad | Hoseynabad Ladi | Hoseynabad | Hoseynabad | Hoseynabad | Hoseynabad | Hoseynabad | Hoseynabad | Hoseynabad | Hoseynabad | Hoseynabad | Hoseynabad | Hoseynabad | Hoseynabad | Hoseynabad | Hoseynabad-e Bagh-e Nil | Hoseynabad-e Bazy | Hoseynabad-e Chah Rahman | Hoseynabad-e Felfeli | Hoseynabad-e Gaz Shahan | Hoseynabad-e Jar | Hoseynabad-e Khvajeh | Hoseynabad-e Mir Shah | Hoseynabad-e Nilgun | Hoseynabad-e Pudchah | Hoseynabad-e Qanat | Hoseynabad-e Sofla | Hoseynabadi | Hoseyn-e Nur Mohammad | Hoshani | Hudian | Hulmadian-e Bala | Hulmadian-e Pain | Hulmadian-e Pain | Humadan | Hunak | Huraki | Hushab Aluk | Hushak | Hushapi | Hushom | Hut Gat Jahli | Hutabad | Hutabad | Hutabad | Hutak | Hut-e Amr Iduabad | Industrial Estate | Industrial Estate | Industrial Estate | Irafshan | Iranran | Iranshahr | Iranshahr Industrial Complex | Isa Bazar | Isa Faqir | Isa Piri | Isaabad | Isaabad | Isaabad | Isaabad | Itk Jabbar Kuteh | Jabbar | Jabrabad | Jadidabad-e Shandak | Jadu Zehi Buhir | Jadu Zehi Hajji Piri | Jagan | Jagur | Jah Morgh | Jahadabad | Jahadabad-e Pichaki | Jahan Girak | Jahan Tigh | Jahan Tigh | Jahanabad-e Olya | Jahanabad-e Sofla | Jahanbakhsh | Jahangir | Jahlin | Jahlishahr | Jahliyan | Jaht Kallag | Jaik | Jak Sukhteh | Jak | Jakan | Jakan | Jakan | Jakandar | Jakas | Jakbonan | Jakdan | Jaki | Jakigur | Jakigur Proving Grounds | Jalai Kalag | Jalalabad | Jalalabad | Jalalabad | Jalalabad | Jalalabad | Jalalabad | Jalalabad | Jalali | Jaleq | Jam Pali | Jama Azam | Jama Zehi | Jama Zehi Kuh Dim | Jama | Jamaabad | Jamaabad-e Hajji Nur Mohammad | Jamaat Zehi | Jamak Zehi | Jamakabad | Jamakan | Jamalabad | Jamam | Jamaski | Jamchin | Jamia Ni Bazar | Jamidar | Jamidar | Jamig | Jamkan | Jamli | Jamuk | Jan Ali | Jan Bibi | Jan Mohammad Chahi | Jan Mohammad | Jan Parur | Janabad | Janabad | Janabad | Janak Buk | Jandu | Jangal Baghi | Jangal | Jangal | Jangal | Jangal-e Mukan | Jangaluk | Jangaran | Jangarek-e Bala | Jangarek-e Pain | Jangikhu | Janguneh | Jani Golzar | Jani | Janmohammad Bazar | Januk | Jarikeh | Jaruk | Jaruk-e Pain | Jash | Jashtekan-e Bala | Jashtekan-e Pain | Javadabad | Javan Chah | Javan Danan | Javan Kan | Javanja | Javshir | Jazink | Jekuki | Jelalyi Lankeh | Jeyhunak-e Bala | Jeyhunak-e Pain | Ji Sorkh-e Olya | Jiguli | Jihalabad | Jish Kabirabad | Jod | Jodegalabad | Jogan Patak | Joghranvaru | Johli Shahryanach | Johlu | Jolgeh Anjerak | Jomabazar | Jomabazar | Jomeyli | Jor | Jowgaz-e Bala | Jowgaz-e Pain | Jowkan | Jowz Dar | Jowzdar | Judin | Jugin | Juhani | Juhani | Juli-ye Bala-ye Kalateh-ye Hoseyn Khan | Junabad | Junazi | Juran Kuram | Jurani | Juri | Juydad Mohammad | Juyik Kablan | Kach Kurin | Kach | Kachal | Kachdar | Kacheh Rud | Kachian | Kachki | Kachkul | Kachu | Kad | Kad Eshkaft | Kadarm | Kadkhoda Hoseyn | Kadkhoda Safar | Kadu Bazar | Kafeh Hajjiabad | Kafeh Jangian | Kafeh Murtak | Kafeh-ye Khalil | Kaftaregi | Kah Gishan | Kahanok | Kahanok | Kahir | Kahir Dari | Kahir-e Borz-e Bala | Kahir-e Borz-e Pain | Kahiri | Kahiri | Kahiri | Kahn Rahim | Kahn Sakan | Kahnab | Kahnak | Kahnak | Kahnak | Kahnak | Kahnak | Kahnak-e Mohammadi | Kahnan Kash-e Bala | Kahnani | Kahnanikash | Kahnanzeh | Kahn-e Ali Mohammad | Kahn-e Bala | Kahn-e Emam Bibi Surap | Kahn-e Ezzat | Kahn-e Fahreh | Kahn-e Gol Mohammad | Kahn-e Hoseyn-e Pain | Kahn-e Jan Mohammad | Kahn-e Kahur | Kahn-e Karam Shah | Kahn-e Karamshah | Kahn-e Karim | Kahn-e Karim Bakhsh | Kahn-e Kuchan | Kahn-e Magar | Kahn-e Malek | Kahn-e Mir Baluch | Kahn-e Molla | Kahn-e Molla | Kahn-e Nuk | Kahn-e Pain | Kahn-e Rasul Bakhsh | Kahn-e Rudir | Kahn-e Seyyed Mohammad Bakhti | Kahn-e Shah Morad | Kahn-e Shah Salim | Kahn-e Shanbeh | Kahnog | Kahnok Ladi | Kahnok | Kahnok-e Mirabad | Kahnok-e Shirabad | Kahnu | Kahnuk | Kahruk | Kahuk | Kahur Bolbol | Kahurak | Kahurak | Kahurak | Kahurak | Kahurakan | Kahurak-e Shargan | Kahuran Dap | Kahurani Gevash | Kaj Kush | Kaj | Kajui | Kakha | Kaki | Kaktel Daranj | Kakuj | Kal Chat | Kal Gung | Kal Kang | Kal Kut | Kal Shab Ravan | Kal Titeran | Kalag | Kalak Dinar | Kalak Shiman | Kalak | Kalak-e Bala | Kalakontak | Kalan | Kalan Kurd | Kalan | Kalan | Kalani | Kalanzohur | Kalat | Kalatak | Kalatak | Kalat-e Bala | Kalat-e Hajji Nur Mohammad Brahuyi | Kalat-e Jahal | Kalat-e Sofla | Kalateh | Kalateh | Kalateh-ye Kambuzia | Kalateh-ye Omar | Kalateh-ye Razzaqzadeh | Kalateh-ye Sohrab | Kalatin Dap | Kalber | Kalchat | Kalchat | Kalchat | Kalchat | Kalchat-e Heydarabad | Kalchati | Kalchatuk | Kaldan | Kaldanak | Kali Allahabad | Kali Bak Konar | Kali Begar | Kali Tak | Kali | Kaliran | Kaliri | Kaliri | Kaljegan | Kalkali | Kalkali-ye Now | Kallag Gili | Kallag Jamal | Kallag Palang | Kallag Qalandar | Kallag | Kallah Gur | Kallah Mashkid | Kallah Sakan | Kallak Abdu | Kallak Hamud | Kallak Sabzali | Kallakqasem | Kallani | Kalleh Bali | Kalleh Char | Kalleh Chat | Kalleh Din | Kalleh Gan | Kalleh Garmak | Kalleh Giri | Kalleh Gish | Kalleh Guk | Kalleh Guk | Kalleh Huk | Kalleh Huk | Kalleh Jameh | Kalleh Kaz | Kalleh Korq | Kalleh Maran | Kalleh Pahlavan | Kalleh Sakan | Kalleh Sari | Kalleh Shahtut | Kalleh Shahu | Kalleh Sohran | Kalleh-ye Espid | Kalleh-ye Espid-e Eslamabad | Kalleh-ye Shurehi | Kallik | Kallinag-e Hasankhani | Kalmat | Kalpuregan | Kalubarap | Kalukan | Kalukhi | Kaluki | Kalutan | Kaluyi | Kam Kaseh | Kam Khan | Kam Shahr | Kam Zard | Kamalabad | Kamalabad | Kamalabad | Kamalabad | Kamalabad | Kamani | Kamardan-e Pain | Kambar-e Baqer | Kambel Balad | Kambel Dal Morad | Kambel Karim Bakhsh | Kambel Mohammad Azim | Kambel-e Soleyman | Kambik Dap | Kambil | Kam-e Zard | Kaminak | Kamkhan | Kammak | Kamsegari | Kamshahr | Kamu Bazar | Kan | Kanal | Kandarak | Kandarban | Kand-e Gazi | Kand-e Zard | Kandez | Kandikeh | Kandu | Kandy | Kangari Chah Allahdad | Kang-e Emam Dad | Kang-e Molla Abdollah | Kang-e Piran | Kang-e Shir Ali Khan | Kanigan | Kankowr | Kant | Kantak Sari | Kantan | Kantani | Kapak | Kaparan Dan | Kaputi | Kar Gin | Karagi | Karagi-ye Bala | Karagi-ye Pain | Karam Bal-e Bakhshi | Karam Bal-e Faqir | Karam Bal-e Khodadad | Karam Bal-e Ramazan | Karam Beyk-e Rowghani | Karamabad | Karan Kesh | Karani | Karaq-e Shah Jahan | Karash | Karbalai Abbas | Karbalai Ali | Karbalai Gholam | Karbalai Hasan | Karbalai Hasan | Karbalai Hoseyn | Karbalai Musa Khemri | Karbalai Qorban | Karbalai Shahbaz | Karbalayi Heydar | Karbasak | Karbasi | Karbasu | Karchan | Karchan | Karegi | Karguk | Karim | Karim Koshteh | Karim Naruyi Kingi | Karim Shah Nazer | Karimabad | Karimabad | Karimabad | Karimabad | Karimabad | Karimabad | Karimabad | Karimabad | Karimabad | Karimabad | Karimabad | Karimabad | Karimabad | Karimabad | Karimabad | Karimabad | Karimabad | Karimabad | Karimabad | Karimabad | Karimabad | Karimabad-e Deh Tajgi | Karimabad-e Dumak | Karimabad-e Hajji Karim | Karimabad-e Kheybar | Karimabad-e Minuyi | Karimabad-e Nukchah | Karimabad-e Seyyed Ali Khamenehi | Karimabad-e Zarchah | Karkindar | Karkuh | Karkum | Karpasi | Karpedin | Kartakan Shib | Kartakeh | Kartekun | Karuchan | Karuchi Dar | Karuchi | Karuchi | Karudan | Karuji | Karuki | Karuz Dap | Karuz Gilaki | Karuz | Karvandar | Karvandar | Kas Mazur | Kasab | Kasag | Kasami | Kasap Dasht Kuh | Kashak | Kashanuk | Kashen | Kashgai | Kashi | Kashik | Kashiki-ye Pain | Kashk | Kashkan | Kashtag-e Dastgerd | Kasiri Dap | Kasirtalag | Kaskin | Kasur-e Bala | Kasur-e Pain | Kasuri | Kasuri | Kasury | Katagar | Katamak | Katamak | Katbon | Katibi | Katichan | Katinkan-e Bala | Katukan | Katukan | Katukdan | Katuran-e Olya | Kavanz | Kavari | Kazvar Dap | Kek Nuk | Kekdan | Keki | Kelinkan | Kelinukan | Kelk | Kerahmat | Kerai Kur | Kermanchi | Kerstan | Kesh Kurdof | Keshari | Keshik | Keshikan | Keshk | Keshmak | Keshok | Keshtegan | Keskan | Keydun | Keykha | Keykha Rasul | Khak-e Sefidi | Khalband | Khaleq Dad | Khalijabad | Khalilabad | Khalilabad | Khalilabad | Khalilabad | Khamak | Khammak | Khan Bibi | Khan Mohammad Chah | Khan Mohammad Salar Zehi | Khan Mohammad | Khanak | Khaneh Hay Ali Jafar-e Olya | Khaneh Hay Chahar Shanbeh | Khaneh Hay Hajji Dadollah | Khaneh Hay Hajji Khoda Bakhsh | Khaneh Hay Jan Mohammad | Khaneh Hay Khoda Bakhsh | Khaneh Hay Khodadad | Khaneh Hay Khodadad Atash Behar | Khaneh Hay Mehrollah | Khaneh Hay Mului | Khaneh Hay Nazer Saheb Khan | Khaneh Hay Rudbari | Khaneh Hay Saliman | Khaneh Hay Samad | Khaneh-ye Hay Khvasti | Khani Abbas | Khani Gol Mohammad Rakhshani | Kharabeh Shir Mohammad | Kharabeh | Kharaki | Kharbard | Kharestan-e Bala | Kharestan-e Pain | Khash Garrison | Khash | Khaz Pari | Khaz-e Bahari | Khazun | Khedri | Khedry | Kheyrabad | Kheyrabad | Kheyrabad | Kheyrabad | Kheyrabad | Kheyrabad | Kheyrabad | Kheyrabad | Kheyrabad | Kheyrabad | Kheyrabad | Kheyrabad | Kheyrabad | Kheyrabad | Kheyrabad-e Bala | Kheyrabad-e Barqi | Kheyrabad-e Maraku | Kheyrabad-e Padagi Mowtowr-e Sahebdad Nuti Zehi | Kheyrabad-e Pain | Kheyrabad-e Palagi | Kheyrokabad | Khoda Bakhsh Jadegal Tukani | Khoda Raham | Khoda Suli | Khodaabad | Khodaabad | Khodaabad | Khodaabad | Khodabakhsh Jadegal | Khorashadi | Khorashadi | Khoshki Dar | Khosrowabad | Khosrowabad | Khuki | Khun Kaka | Khushnag | Khvajeh Ahmad | Khvajeh Mahmudi | Khvajeh Mehrban | Khvajeh Mesk | Khvastiabad | Khvosh Ab | Khvoshab | Khvoshab | Khvoshab | Khvoshab-e Anjerak | Khvoshdad-e Jadid | Kiaabad-e Padagi | Kijgadar Dap | Kiki | Kiki | Kiksuch | Kishkallak | Kitanban | Kitegi | Koch | Koch | Koch | Koch-e Garg | Koch-e Yusof | Kodan | Kohak | Kohan Nuk | Kohnan Kurdan | Kohn-e Isa | Kojum | Kol Hamin | Kolangur | Kolarai | Koldan | Kolgi Kesh | Kollan | Kollanzeh | Kolli | Kolluk | Koluki | Komb-e Moradabad | Kombil | Konar | Konar Bast | Konar Komban | Konar Shib | Konarak Industrial Estate | Konarak | Konarak | Konaran | Konardan | Konardan | Konar-e Dar | Konari | Konari | Kondel | Kordeskiyan | Korki | Koruchi-ye Bala | Koruchi-ye Pain | Koshkuk | Koshohk | Kotij | Kozur | Kuanz | Kucheh | Kuchinak | Kuchu | Kudaki | Kud-e Now | Kug | Kuh Dim-e Bala | Kuh Dim-e Pain | Kuh Kanar | Kuh Khezr | Kuh Matig | Kuh Ruk | Kuhak | Kuhakam | Kuhan Sotat | Kuhbon | Kuh-e Nurk | Kuh-e Pasan | Kuh-e Piza | Kuh-e Sefid | Kuh-e Tanjilan | Kuhi Sar | Kuhiabad | Kuhigan-e Bala | Kuhigan-e Pain | Kuhkan | Kulak | Kulaku | Kulikan | Kulu | Kupak | Kupch | Kupehi | Kur Nahut | Kuran | Kuran-e Olya | Kuran-e Sofla | Kurang | Kur-e Kelkian | Kureh Ajar Fashari Sepah | Kureh Ajarpazi | Kureh Hay Shahid Beheshti | Kureh-ye Bi Barg Khan | Kureh-ye Chah Bakhsh Dar | Kureh-ye Chengiz | Kureh-ye Hajji Karim | Kureh-ye Hajji Mohammad | Kureh-ye Hajji Sahebdad | Kureh-ye Pir Mohammad Sheh Baksh | Kurgazi | Kuri | Kurkaj | Kursar | Kuruch | Kurziarat | Kush | Kushan-e Bala | Kushan-e Pain | Kushat-e Dum | Kushat-e Owl | Kushat-e Sum | Kusheh | Kusheh-ye Gardak | Kusheh-ye Olya | Kusheh-ye Pain | Kusheh-ye Qaleh Rashid Khan | Kushhok | Kushk | Kusichi | Kusichi-ye Bala | Kusiji | Kuteh | Kutiru | Kuy Patkuk Dasht Kuh | Kuyichu Ladiz-e Olya | Ladiz-e Sofla | Ladkhukan | Laghar Zehi | Laghari Charpan | Lagharkuh | Lagurtal | Lahabad | Lahrab-e Alanjan | Lahrab-e Andeh | Lahremba | Lajehi | Laki | Lakki | Laku Kach | Lal Khan | Lalabad | Lalabad-e Huti | Lalu Bazar | Lalu Bazar | Lanbar | Langar Barani | Langar Konaran | Langaru | Laniyari | Lardi | Lar-e Bala | Lar-e Pain | Lash | Lashar Gahi | Lashkeran | Latfi | Lati Dan | Lavari Ab | Lechvi | Leji | Li Khaki | Lipar | Lisabad | Loqman | Lulakdan | Lurag Khari | Lurgbagh | Luri Rud | Luri Shah | Luriyani | Lutak | Lutak-e Hajji Azim | Lutak-e Rahim Khan | Lutak-e Safar Shah | Lutak-e Shir Mohammad Mach Kur | Mach Mitak | Machan | Machguash | Machik | Machu Qasem | Madan Chah | Madan Shen | Madanch | Madan-e Sang Chah Torsh | Madeh Kariz | Madhan | Madhan | Madineh Beyt-e Bala | Maduhak | Magdar | Magun | Mahand | Mahani | Mahban | Mahbetabad | Mahmudabad | Mahmudabad | Mahmudabad | Mahmudabad | Mahmudabad | Mahmudabad | Mahmudabad | Mahmudabad | Mahmudabad-e Garvas Bakam | Mahmudi-ye Bala | Majid Isa Zahi | Majid | Majidabad | Makaki | Makdan | Makhezan Ab | Maki | Maksan | Makul | Malang-e Jama | Malek Heydari | Malek Mohammadabad | Malekabad | Malekabad | Malekabad | Malekabad | Malekabad | Malekabad | Malekabad | Malekabad | Malekabad | Malekabad | Malekabad | Malekabad | Malekabad | Malekabad | Malekabad | Malekabad | Malekabad | Malekabad | Malekabad-e Minuyi | Malekabad-e Shandak | Maleki | Maluran | Mamakikomb | Mami | Manargan | Mand-e Bala | Mand-e Sofla | Mandilabad | Mandilan-e Bala | Mandirow | Mandiru | Mandustabad | Maneh-ye Pain | Manesh | Manikuk | Manjin | Mansurabad | Mansurabad | Mantan | Mantaqeh Azad Chabahar | Mantaqeh-ye Lad | Manzelab | Manzuri | Marabad | Marah Hoseynabad | Maraku | Marandegan | Mareghan Kand | Margan | Margi Dap | Marguk | Marishan | Markan | Marungaz | Masafar Kalati | Masafer | Masha-ye Baqayi | Mashay-e Dasht Kalla Chat | Masha-ye Mokran | Masha-ye Nurzayi | Masha-ye Sangdasht | Masha-ye Seyahabad | Masha-ye Seyyed Mohammad Rigi | Masha-ye Shahid Abbaspur | Mashhady Gholam Ali Qanbar Ali | Mashi | Mashin | Mashkutak | Mashnak | Masiti Masjedi | Masjed Abu ol Fazl | Maskang | Maskutan | Maskutan | Matkan | Matkan Dap | Maydar | Mazakan | Mazan Pad | Mazan Zamin | Mazeh Sar | Mazraeh-ye Abdol Vahad | Mazraeh-ye Amuzeshi Danshgah | Mazraeh-ye Anu Shirvan | Mazraeh-ye Baqerabad | Mazraeh-ye Barani | Mazraeh-ye Began | Mazraeh-ye Dashtuk | Mazraeh-ye Ebrahim | Mazraeh-ye Hasan | Mazraeh-ye Hishurki | Mazraeh-ye Jan Mohammad | Mazraeh-ye Jangal | Mazraeh-ye Keshavarzy Samimi | Mazraeh-ye Khakaran | Mazraeh-ye Kuman | Mazraeh-ye Malkuri | Mazraeh-ye Mohammad Khoda Bakhsh | Mazraeh-ye Mohammad Reza Gol Shahi | Mazraeh-ye Sarrud | Mazraeh-ye Sorkh Gazi | Meh Abdollah | Mehdiabad | Mehdiabad-e Gaz Mohrab Khan | Mehmehdabad-e Heymagi | Mehrab Bazar | Mehrababad | Mehrababad | Mehrabad | Mehrabad | Mehran | Menab Ab | Mendar | Meskin | Meteseng | Metri | Meydan | Meydan-e Sorkh | Meydanjah | Mian Chah | Mianbazar | Mianshahr | Mihan | Mijuni | Milak | Milman | Mim Khan | Min | Minab | Minan | Minan | Mir Dak | Mir Gol | Mir Gol-e Kalati | Mir Kuh-e Bala | Mir Kuh-e Pain | Mir Shekar | Mir Zamin | Mirabad | Mirabad | Mirabad | Mirabad | Mirabad | Mirabad | Mirabad | Mirabad | Mirabad | Mirabad | Mirabad | Mirabad | Mirabad-e Kohnow | Mirch | Mirinabad | Mirjaveh | Mirkhan-e Shah Gol | Mirtalag | Mirza Chahi | Mirza Nabi | Mirzaabad | Mirzaabad | Mirzaabad | Mirzaabad | Mirzakhun | Mishud | Mishud | Miski | Mitagan | Mobaraki Agricultural Farm | Moddabad-e Lankeh | Mogh | Moghan Shabu | Mohammad Azam | Mohammad Baluchi | Mohammad Dadi | Mohammad Hasan | Mohammad Hoseyn Barani | Mohammad Jahangir | Mohammad Jan | Mohammad Khan | Mohammad Khvoshdad | Mohammad Qasem | Mohammad Rakhshani | Mohammad Safar | Mohammad Shah Karam Residential Complex | Mohammad Zehi | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad-e Adimi | Mohammadabad-e Andeh | Mohammadabad-e Cheshmeh | Mohammadabad-e Janguneh | Mohammadabad-e Kurin | Mohammadabad-e Lankeh | Mohammadabad-e Lurgbagh | Mohammadabad-e Padgan | Mohammadabad-e Pain | Mohammadabad-e Pain Talarak | Mohammadabad-e Pudchah | Mohammadabad-e Pudchah | Mohammadabad-e Qanat Shah Mohammad | Mohammadabad-e Rowghani | Mohammadabad-e Shah Nur | Mohammadabad-e Suran | Mohammadabad-e Tasab | Mohammad-e Shiru | Mohammadi | Mohammadi | Moharbi | Mohimabad | Mohrab Bazar | Mohsenabad | Mohtaramabad | Mojtame-ye Mowtowr-e Hay Tigh Ab | Mok Sukhteh | Mokan Shahi | Mokht | Mokhtarabad | Molla Ali | Molla Avaz | Molla Azim Rudini | Molla Dadi | Molla Dadkhoda Isa Zehi | Molla Dust Mohammad | Molla Ebrahim | Molla Ebrahim | Molla Gol Jan | Molla Karim-e Bar Ahui | Molla Mohammad | Molla Nur Mohammad | Molla Qasem | Molla Qus | Molla Rahmat | Molla Reza | Molla Soltan | Mollaabad | Moluk Bazar | Morad Ali | Morad Ali | Morad Bazar | Morad Hibatan Bazar | Morad Mohammad Bazar | Morad Mohammad Bazar | Morad Qoli | Moradabad | Moradabad | Moradabad | Moradabad | Moradabad-e Gimi | Moradabad-e Juzh | Moradi Kashk | Mordan Heydari | Morid Bazar | Moridarow-e Bala | Moridarow-e Pain | Mortegan | Mosafer Zehi | Mosharqi Jamalabad | Moshkadim | Moshkunt | Mowd-e Geli | Mowla Bakhsh Bazar | Mowlaabad | Mowladad Zehi | Mowlowy-ye Dust Mohammad | Mowmenabad | Mowrti Hanez | Mowtowr Shomareh-ye 202 | Mowtowr Shomareh-ye 210 | Mowtowr Shomareh-ye 212 | Mowtowr Shomareh-ye 37 | Mowtowr Shomareh-ye 39 | Mowtowr Shomareh-ye 40 | Mowtowr Shomareh-ye 41 | Mowtowr Shomareh-ye 5 | Mowtowr Shomareh-ye Yek | Mowtowr-e 15 Khordad | Mowtowr-e 22 Bahman | Mowtowr-e 231 | Mowtowr-e 8 Shahrivar | Mowtowr-e 9 Morad Gam Dad Rigi | Mowtowr-e Ab Faqirdad Jadgal | Mowtowr-e Ab Miran Jadgal | Mowtowr-e Ab Rostam Abir | Mowtowr-e Ab Yaqub Amiry | Mowtowr-e Abbas | Mowtowr-e Abbas Qanbar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Abdal | Mowtowr-e Abdal Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Abdal Rahman Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Abdel | Mowtowr-e Abdol | Mowtowr-e Abdol Aziz | Mowtowr-e Abdol Aziz | Mowtowr-e Abdol Ghafur | Mowtowr-e Abdol Ghafur Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Abdol Ghani Bahader | Mowtowr-e Abdol Hakim | Mowtowr-e Abdol Hamid | Mowtowr-e Abdol Haqq | Mowtowr-e Abdol Hasan | Mowtowr-e Abdol Karim | Mowtowr-e Abdol Karim | Mowtowr-e Abdol Karim | Mowtowr-e Abdol Karim | Mowtowr-e Abdol Khalil | Mowtowr-e Abdol Majid | Mowtowr-e Abdol Nabi | Mowtowr-e Abdol Nabi | Mowtowr-e Abdol Nabi | Mowtowr-e Abdol Naser Kelekeli | Mowtowr-e Abdol Qader | Mowtowr-e Abdol Qader | Mowtowr-e Abdol Qeyum | Mowtowr-e Abdol Qeyum Rigi | Mowtowr-e Abdol Rahim | Mowtowr-e Abdol Rahim | Mowtowr-e Abdol Rahman | Mowtowr-e Abdol Rahman | Mowtowr-e Abdol Rahman | Mowtowr-e Abdol Rahman | Mowtowr-e Abdol Rahman Darfasheh | Mowtowr-e Abdol Rahman Dasht Mal | Mowtowr-e Abdol Rahman Nuk Bandak | Mowtowr-e Abdol Rahman | Mowtowr-e Abdol Salam | Mowtowr-e Abdol Salam | Mowtowr-e Abdol Salam Feyz Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Abdol Salam Rudini | Mowtowr-e Abdol Vahad | Mowtowr-e Abdol Vahad | Mowtowr-e Abdol Vahad | Mowtowr-e Abdol Vahad Pak Tuta Zehi | Mowtowr-e Abdol Vahad | Mowtowr-e Abdol Vahad | Mowtowr-e Abdollah | Mowtowr-e Abdollah | Mowtowr-e Abdollah Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Abdollahi Rad | Mowtowr-e Abu ol Hasan Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Afzal Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Ahmad Azizi | Mowtowr-e Ahmad Mazari | Mowtowr-e Ahmad Naruiyi Vahad Bamri | Mowtowr-e Ahmad Nayib | Mowtowr-e Ahmad Pirasteh | Mowtowr-e Ahmad | Mowtowr-e Ahmad | Mowtowr-e Akbar | Mowtowr-e Akbar | Mowtowr-e Akbar Vasheh Nazer | Mowtowr-e Akbar | Mowtowr-e Alam | Mowtowr-e Alam Beyk | Mowtowr-e Alam Khan Sheh Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Ali | Mowtowr-e Ali Jan Baqeri | Mowtowr-e Ali Kord | Mowtowr-e Ali Qasem | Mowtowr-e Ali Rigi | Mowtowr-e Ali Shah | Mowtowr-e Ali Shir | Mowtowr-e Ali Zehi | Mowtowr-e Alim | Mowtowr-e Alizadeh | Mowtowr-e Allah Bakhsh Hatam | Mowtowr-e Allah Bakhsh Qanbar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Allah Bakhsh Sheh Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Allah Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Allah Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Allah Nazer | Mowtowr-e Allah Nazer | Mowtowr-e Allah Resan | Mowtowr-e Allah Yar | Mowtowr-e Allah Yar | Mowtowr-e Allahabad | Mowtowr-e Ameneh | Mowtowr-e Amid | Mowtowr-e Amir | Mowtowr-e Amir Brahui | Mowtowr-e Amir Hamzeh Shahli Bar | Mowtowr-e Amir Hasan Beg | Mowtowr-e Amir Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Amirabad | Mowtowr-e Amr | Mowtowr-e Amr | Mowtowr-e Amr | Mowtowr-e Amr | Mowtowr-e Amr Shah | Mowtowr-e Anur | Mowtowr-e Anur Qalandar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Anushirvan Guni | Mowtowr-e Arbabi | Mowtowr-e Asa Bamri | Mowtowr-e Asa | Mowtowr-e Asa | Mowtowr-e Asa | Mowtowr-e Asad | Mowtowr-e Ata Allah | Mowtowr-e Aysar | Mowtowr-e Ayyub Borhan Zehi | Mowtowr-e Azim Borhan Zehi | Mowtowr-e Azim Parest | Mowtowr-e Badi ol Zeman | Mowtowr-e Bagh-e Baghun | Mowtowr-e Bahader Qanbar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Bahader | Mowtowr-e Bahader | Mowtowr-e Bahader | Mowtowr-e Bahram Nuti Zehi | Mowtowr-e Bahrami | Mowtowr-e Bajar | Mowtowr-e Balach | Mowtowr-e Baluch | Mowtowr-e Baluch Khan | Mowtowr-e Baluch Khan | Mowtowr-e Baluch Khan | Mowtowr-e Baluch Khan | Mowtowr-e Baluch Mohammad Jadgal | Mowtowr-e Barnayan | Mowtowr-e Barqi | Mowtowr-e Bayigan | Mowtowr-e Baz Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Beha ol Din | Mowtowr-e Behay ol Din | Mowtowr-e Behruz | Mowtowr-e Bejar | Mowtowr-e Beyjar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Beyt Allahi | Mowtowr-e Beyt ol Maqades | Mowtowr-e Bi Barg Rigi | Mowtowr-e Bi Borg | Mowtowr-e Bi Borg | Mowtowr-e Bibi Meh Shahsevar | Mowtowr-e Bigam | Mowtowr-e Bijar | Mowtowr-e Bijar | Mowtowr-e Bijar | Mowtowr-e Bijar | Mowtowr-e Bonadi | Mowtowr-e Boniyad | Mowtowr-e Bulan Zehi Kach | Mowtowr-e Chaker | Mowtowr-e Chamal Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Chengiz | Mowtowr-e Chengiz | Mowtowr-e Chengiz Jangiyan | Mowtowr-e Chengiz | Mowtowr-e Chengiz | Mowtowr-e Cheragh | Mowtowr-e Cheragh | Mowtowr-e Cheragh Ali | Mowtowr-e Cheragh Mir Esfandi | Mowtowr-e Cheragh | Mowtowr-e Dad Karim | Mowtowr-e Dad Khoda | Mowtowr-e Dad Khoda Kamiab | Mowtowr-e Dad Mohammad Jadgal | Mowtowr-e Dad Mohammad Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Dad Mohammad Rahbar | Mowtowr-e Dadshah | Mowtowr-e Dar Khan | Mowtowr-e Dar Khatun | Mowtowr-e Dar Khatun | Mowtowr-e Dar Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Dar Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Dar Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Dar Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Dar Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Dar Mohammad Gamshad Zehi | Mowtowr-e Dar Mohammad Jamshid Zehi | Mowtowr-e Dar Mohammad Janab Dasht Mahal | Mowtowr-e Dar Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Dar Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Darvish Huti | Mowtowr-e Darvish Huti | Mowtowr-e Davazdah Bahman | Mowtowr-e Davazdah Farurdin | Mowtowr-e Del Morad | Mowtowr-e Delmorad | Mowtowr-e Din Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Doktor Spahi | Mowtowr-e Dowlatabad | Mowtowr-e Dusahnbeh Dust Kam | Mowtowr-e Dushanbeh Rushni | Mowtowr-e Dust Mohammad Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Ebrahim | Mowtowr-e Ebrahim | Mowtowr-e Ebrahim | Mowtowr-e Ebrahim | Mowtowr-e Ebrahim | Mowtowr-e Ebrahim | Mowtowr-e Ebrahim Pikary | Mowtowr-e Ebrahim Sheh Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Eid Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Eid Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Eid va Naruyi Hesaruiyeh | Mowtowr-e Emam Allah Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Emam Allah Qanbar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Emam Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Emam Bakhsh Abdollahi | Mowtowr-e Emam Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Emam Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Emanollah | Mowtowr-e Emanollah | Mowtowr-e Emanollah | Mowtowr-e Emanollah | Mowtowr-e Eslam Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Esmail | Mowtowr-e Esmail | Mowtowr-e Esmail | Mowtowr-e Esmailabad | Mowtowr-e Ezzat Rigi | Mowtowr-e Fajr | Mowtowr-e Faqir Mohammad Jadgal | Mowtowr-e Fatameh Sheh Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Feyz Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Feyzollah Qanbar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Firuz Rigi | Mowtowr-e Gami | Mowtowr-e Gami | Mowtowr-e Gami | Mowtowr-e Gargij | Mowtowr-e Garsaz Hoseynabad | Mowtowr-e Geza Beyk | Mowtowr-e Gholam Ali | Mowtowr-e Gholam Ali Deh-e Qani | Mowtowr-e Gholam Hoseyn | Mowtowr-e Gholam Hoseyn Iran | Mowtowr-e Gholam Hoseyn Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Gholam Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Gholam Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Gholam Nabi | Mowtowr-e Gholam Qaderbadpa | Mowtowr-e Gholam Rasul | Mowtowr-e Gholam Sarur Nuti Zehi | Mowtowr-e Gholam Sheh Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Gol Khatun | Mowtowr-e Gol Khatun | Mowtowr-e Gol Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Gol Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Gol Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Gol Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Gol Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Gol Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Gol Mohammad Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Gol Mohammad Palangi | Mowtowr-e Gol Mohammad Spahi | Mowtowr-e Gol Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Gol Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Gol Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Gol Zaman | Mowtowr-e Golab | Mowtowr-e Golab Qanbar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Gorgi | Mowtowr-e Gorgij | Mowtowr-e Habib | Mowtowr-e Habib Baluch Khan | Mowtowr-e Habib Karam Zehi | Mowtowr-e Habib Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Habibollah Sheh Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Habibollah | Mowtowr-e Habibollah | Mowtowr-e Habibollah | Mowtowr-e Haji Rezayi | Mowtowr-e Hajj Abdollah Sheh Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Hajj Ahmad | Mowtowr-e Hajj Ahmad Ali Moradi | Mowtowr-e Hajj Asa Qanbar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Hajj Azim Gangu Zehi | Mowtowr-e Hajj Bahader | Mowtowr-e Hajj Del Morad Nuti Zehi | Mowtowr-e Hajj Ebrahim | Mowtowr-e Hajj Ghafur Qalandar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Hajj Gholam Qanbar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Hajj Hamid Zard Kuhi | Mowtowr-e Hajj Mahmud | Mowtowr-e Hajj Masa Farqanbar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Hajj Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Hajj Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Hajj Naser Brahuyi | Mowtowr-e Hajj Nik Amol | Mowtowr-e Hajj Qader | Mowtowr-e Hajj Saleh Karam Zehi | Mowtowr-e Hajj Yaqub | Mowtowr-e Hajj Yusef Rigi | Mowtowr-e Hajj Yusef Sheh Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Hajji Abbas | Mowtowr-e Hajji Abdel | Mowtowr-e Hajji Abdel Qanbar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Hajji Abdol Rahim | Mowtowr-e Hajji Abdol | Mowtowr-e Hajji Abdol | Mowtowr-e Hajji Ahmad | Mowtowr-e Hajji Ahmad | Mowtowr-e Hajji Akbar | Mowtowr-e Hajji Akbar | Mowtowr-e Hajji Alam | Mowtowr-e Hajji Ali | Mowtowr-e Hajji Allah Bakhsh Shah Nowazy | Mowtowr-e Hajji Aman Allah | Mowtowr-e Hajji Amid | Mowtowr-e Hajji Anur | Mowtowr-e Hajji Aqa Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Hajji Bandu | Mowtowr-e Hajji Bayan | Mowtowr-e Hajji Cheragh | Mowtowr-e Hajji Dadager | Mowtowr-e Hajji Dadkhoda | Mowtowr-e Hajji Del Morad | Mowtowr-e Hajji Din Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Hajji Ebrahim | Mowtowr-e Hajji Ebrahim | Mowtowr-e Hajji Ebrahim | Mowtowr-e Hajji Ebrahim Ta Gazi | Mowtowr-e Hajji Eydu | Mowtowr-e Hajji Faqir | Mowtowr-e Hajji Fulad | Mowtowr-e Hajji Gaza Beyk | Mowtowr-e Hajji Gehram | Mowtowr-e Hajji Ghafur | Mowtowr-e Hajji Ghani Sheh Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Hajji Gholam | Mowtowr-e Hajji Gol Bibi | Mowtowr-e Hajji Gol Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Hajji Golzar | Mowtowr-e Hajji Hakim | Mowtowr-e Hajji Hakim | Mowtowr-e Hajji Hanif | Mowtowr-e Hajji Heydar | Mowtowr-e Hajji Heydar | Mowtowr-e Hajji Hoseyn | Mowtowr-e Hajji Hoseyn | Mowtowr-e Hajji Isa | Mowtowr-e Hajji Jama | Mowtowr-e Hajji Jan Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Hajji Jelal | Mowtowr-e Hajji Jelal | Mowtowr-e Hajji Jelayi | Mowtowr-e Hajji Karam | Mowtowr-e Hajji Karim | Mowtowr-e Hajji Khoda Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Hajji Lashkaran | Mowtowr-e Hajji Lashkaran | Mowtowr-e Hajji Majid | Mowtowr-e Hajji Majid | Mowtowr-e Hajji Malek Dad Rahmatabad | Mowtowr-e Hajji Malek Dad Rigi | Mowtowr-e Hajji Mehrab | Mowtowr-e Hajji Mehrab | Mowtowr-e Hajji Mezar | Mowtowr-e Hajji Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Hajji Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Hajji Mohammad Nur | Mowtowr-e Hajji Mohammad Nur | Mowtowr-e Hajji Mohammad Rigi | Mowtowr-e Hajji Mohammad Sharif | Mowtowr-e Hajji Mohammad Zard Kuhi | Mowtowr-e Hajji Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Hajji Morad | Mowtowr-e Hajji Morad Qanbar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Hajji Nabi | Mowtowr-e Hajji Naser | Mowtowr-e Hajji Nawab Ali Zehi | Mowtowr-e Hajji Nazer | Mowtowr-e Hajji Nazer | Mowtowr-e Hajji Nazer | Mowtowr-e Hajji Omid | Mowtowr-e Hajji Omid | Mowtowr-e Hajji Omid | Mowtowr-e Hajji Pakir | Mowtowr-e Hajji Parviz Qalandar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Hajji Pati | Mowtowr-e Hajji Pir Bakhsh Kabadani | Mowtowr-e Hajji Pir Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Hajji Pirdad | Mowtowr-e Hajji Qader | Mowtowr-e Hajji Qader Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Hajji Rasul | Mowtowr-e Hajji Rasul | Mowtowr-e Hajji Rostam | Mowtowr-e Hajji Sahbadad | Mowtowr-e Hajji Sahbadad | Mowtowr-e Hajji Shah Nazer | Mowtowr-e Hajji Shah Nowaz Rigi | Mowtowr-e Hajji Sharif | Mowtowr-e Hajji Sharif Qanbar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Hajji Shir Mohammad Janguneh | Mowtowr-e Hajji Sohrab | Mowtowr-e Hajji Taj Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Hajji Vali Mohammad Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Hajji Yar Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Hajji Yar Mohammad Shah Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Hajji Yusef Rigi | Mowtowr-e Hajji Zangi | Mowtowr-e Hakim | Mowtowr-e Halim | Mowtowr-e Halim Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Hamal | Mowtowr-e Hamid | Mowtowr-e Hamid Abdollahi | Mowtowr-e Harun Amiri | Mowtowr-e Hasan Bamri | Mowtowr-e Hasan Jafarzehi | Mowtowr-e Hasan Kuseh | Mowtowr-e Hasan Matlaq | Mowtowr-e Hasan Shahli Bar | Mowtowr-e Hasan Sheh Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Hasanabad | Mowtowr-e Heybet Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Heydar | Mowtowr-e Heydar Beg | Mowtowr-e Heydar Hut | Mowtowr-e Heyyat | Mowtowr-e Holim Khan | Mowtowr-e Hoseyn | Mowtowr-e Hoseyn | Mowtowr-e Hoseyn | Mowtowr-e Hoseyn Khan | Mowtowr-e Hoseyn Naruyi Nosrati | Mowtowr-e Hoseyn | Mowtowr-e Hushang Bamri | Mowtowr-e Idu | Mowtowr-e Idukuseh | Mowtowr-e Irani | Mowtowr-e Isa Zabardast | Mowtowr-e Isa | Mowtowr-e Isa | Mowtowr-e Jafar | Mowtowr-e Jafar Bamri | Mowtowr-e Jaha Nagiri | Mowtowr-e Jahad | Mowtowr-e Jahangir | Mowtowr-e Jahangir | Mowtowr-e Jama | Mowtowr-e Jama | Mowtowr-e Jama Rahim Khan-e Dumak | Mowtowr-e Jamach Shameh Nur | Mowtowr-e Jamal | Mowtowr-e Jamal ol Din | Mowtowr-e Jameh Naderi | Mowtowr-e Jamhuri | Mowtowr-e Jamshid | Mowtowr-e Jangi Maksani | Mowtowr-e Jehad | Mowtowr-e Jelal va Kimas | Mowtowr-e Jelal | Mowtowr-e Jelal | Mowtowr-e Jelayi | Mowtowr-e Jema | Mowtowr-e Jemaili-ye Dumak | Mowtowr-e Jihand | Mowtowr-e Jinehduk | Mowtowr-e Jomeh Qanbar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Kalsum Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Kamal ol Din Mohammadani | Mowtowr-e Kamran Gamshad Zehi | Mowtowr-e Kandal | Mowtowr-e Karam Beyk Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Karam Shah | Mowtowr-e Karim | Mowtowr-e Karim | Mowtowr-e Karim | Mowtowr-e Karim | Mowtowr-e Karim | Mowtowr-e Karim | Mowtowr-e Karim Bakhsh Gamshad Zehi | Mowtowr-e Karim Dad Horati | Mowtowr-e Karim Kabadani | Mowtowr-e Karim Khan | Mowtowr-e Karim Kheyr Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Karim Nuti Zehi | Mowtowr-e Karim | Mowtowr-e Karim | Mowtowr-e Kemal | Mowtowr-e Kemal Khan | Mowtowr-e Khalil | Mowtowr-e Khan Bibi | Mowtowr-e Khan Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Khan Mohammad Kaseh | Mowtowr-e Khan Mohammad Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Khan Mohammad Naruyi-ye Dumak | Mowtowr-e Khan Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Khan Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Kheyr Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Kheyr Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Kheyr Mohammad Huti | Mowtowr-e Kheyr Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Khoda Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Khoda Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Khoda Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Khoda Bakhsh Janab Dasht Mahal | Mowtowr-e Khoda Bakhsh Rigi | Mowtowr-e Khoda Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Khoda Morad Abdollahi | Mowtowr-e Khoda Nazer | Mowtowr-e Khoda Nazer | Mowtowr-e Khoda Raham Sheh Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Khoda Rahm | Mowtowr-e Khoda Rahm | Mowtowr-e Khoda Rahm | Mowtowr-e Khoda Rahm | Mowtowr-e Khodad Gamshad Zehi | Mowtowr-e Khodadad | Mowtowr-e Khodadad | Mowtowr-e Khodadad Baluch Zehi | Mowtowr-e Khodadad Sheh Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Khodadad | Mowtowr-e Khodadad | Mowtowr-e Khodadad | Mowtowr-e Khorram Huti | Mowtowr-e Khosrowy | Mowtowr-e Khurshid | Mowtowr-e Khvabiar | Mowtowr-e Khvasti Nuti Zehi | Mowtowr-e Kichi | Mowtowr-e Kuh Nuri | Mowtowr-e Lal Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Lal Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Lal Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Lashkaran | Mowtowr-e Lashkaran | Mowtowr-e Lashkaran | Mowtowr-e Lashkaran | Mowtowr-e Lashkaran | Mowtowr-e Latif Geragheh | Mowtowr-e Mabin | Mowtowr-e Mah Gol Qanbar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Mahdi | Mowtowr-e Mahdi Salari | Mowtowr-e Mahim Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Mahmud Shirani | Mowtowr-e Mahmud Zehi | Mowtowr-e Mahtaj Naruyi Nuraldini | Mowtowr-e Majid | Mowtowr-e Majid Nowti Zehi | Mowtowr-e Majid Shahli Bar | Mowtowr-e Majid Tanideh | Mowtowr-e Malang | Mowtowr-e Malang Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Malek Shah | Mowtowr-e Malek Shah Qanbar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Malek | Mowtowr-e Malek | Mowtowr-e Malekabad | Mowtowr-e Malekdad | Mowtowr-e Mansur | Mowtowr-e Marim Bamri | Mowtowr-e Masha Allah | Mowtowr-e Mashhadi Asa Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Mazar | Mowtowr-e Mazar Karimi | Mowtowr-e Mehrab | Mowtowr-e Mehrab Mehrabad | Mowtowr-e Mehrab | Mowtowr-e Mehrab | Mowtowr-e Mir Beyk | Mowtowr-e Mir Beyk | Mowtowr-e Mir Dust | Mowtowr-e Mir Huti Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Mirabel | Mowtowr-e Mirak | Mowtowr-e Mirza | Mowtowr-e Mirza Khan | Mowtowr-e Mirza Khan Bibi | Mowtowr-e Mirza Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Mirza | Mowtowr-e Mirza | Mowtowr-e Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Ali | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Ali Gorgich | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Ali Rigi | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Amin | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Amr | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Amr Tutazehi | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Andarvazh | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Arjemandi | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Ayyub Gargij | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Dad Karimi | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Dapakury | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Faqir | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Gol | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Hasan | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Hasan | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Hasan | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Hasan Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Hasan | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Heyyat | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Hoseyn | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Hoseyn Kelkeli Hulabad | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Hoseyn Nuti Zehi | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Hoseyn Shahli Bar | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Jafar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Karim | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Khan | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Mehdi Sajadi | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Miran Qanbar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Naruyi Mirza Khan | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Naruyi Validad | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Nur | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Nursheh Bakhsh va Abdol Hamid | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Rahim | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Rasul Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Reza | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Shahu | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Soltan | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Yusef Brahuyi | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Zaman | Mowtowr-e Mohammad Zeman | Mowtowr-e Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Mohim Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Mohim Yarak Zehi | Mowtowr-e Mohtaj | Mowtowr-e Molla Aziz | Mowtowr-e Molla Bakhsh Kuseh | Mowtowr-e Molla Baluch | Mowtowr-e Molla Hasan | Mowtowr-e Molla Masariyan Gamshad Zehi | Mowtowr-e Molla Musa | Mowtowr-e Molla Qader | Mowtowr-e Molla Vahid Kelkeli | Mowtowr-e Morad Abdollahi | Mowtowr-e Morad Bakhsh Damani | Mowtowr-e Morad Bakhsh Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Morad Mohammad Kuseh | Mowtowr-e Morad Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Morad Qalandar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Morid | Mowtowr-e Mostafa Nuti Zehi | Mowtowr-e Mostafa Qanbar Zehi-ye Dumak | Mowtowr-e Mului Khoda Nazer | Mowtowr-e Mului Rahmat Allah | Mowtowr-e Muluy Abdollah | Mowtowr-e Muluy Jan Mohammad Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Muluy Mohammad Gol | Mowtowr-e Musa | Mowtowr-e Musa | Mowtowr-e Musa Bamri | Mowtowr-e Musa Faqir | Mowtowr-e Musa Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Musa Naruyi Farzand Rahmat | Mowtowr-e Musa Nuti Zehi Padeshahi | Mowtowr-e Musa Spahi | Mowtowr-e Musa | Mowtowr-e Musa | Mowtowr-e Nabi | Mowtowr-e Nabi Bakhsh Baluch Zehi | Mowtowr-e nader | Mowtowr-e Nader | Mowtowr-e Naderabad | Mowtowr-e Najm ol Din | Mowtowr-e Narmashiry | Mowtowr-e Naser | Mowtowr-e Naser Gargij | Mowtowr-e Nasrollah | Mowtowr-e Navab Jadgal | Mowtowr-e Navvab | Mowtowr-e Nawab Jeyhand | Mowtowr-e Nawab | Mowtowr-e Nawab | Mowtowr-e Nazer | Mowtowr-e Nazer | Mowtowr-e Nazer | Mowtowr-e Nazer | Mowtowr-e Nazer | Mowtowr-e Nazer Basham Naruyi Keh Hesaruiyeh | Mowtowr-e Nazer Qalandar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Nazer Qanbar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Nazer Qanbar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Nazer Rigi | Mowtowr-e Nazer Sheh Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Nazer Sheh Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Nazer | Mowtowr-e Nazer | Mowtowr-e Nemat | Mowtowr-e Nemat Allah | Mowtowr-e Neyaz Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Niaz Moyammad | Mowtowr-e Nik Amal | Mowtowr-e Nik Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Nowruz | Mowtowr-e Nur Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Nur Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Nur Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Nur Mohammad Busheh | Mowtowr-e Nur Mohammad Darkhashandeh | Mowtowr-e Nur Mohammad Khanzehi | Mowtowr-e Nur Mohammad Lehdad | Mowtowr-e Nur Mohammad Seyyed Khan | Mowtowr-e Nur Mohammad Sheh Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Nur Mohammad Sheh Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Nur Mohammad Sheh Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Nur Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Nur Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Nur Mohmmadabad | Mowtowr-e Nur ol Din | Mowtowr-e Omid | Mowtowr-e Osman | Mowtowr-e Owrang Huti | Mowtowr-e Pakir | Mowtowr-e Panzadeh Khordad | Mowtowr-e Panzdah Khordad | Mowtowr-e Par ol Din Jangian | Mowtowr-e Pariya | Mowtowr-e Parviz Sheh Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Pasand | Mowtowr-e Pasand | Mowtowr-e Pasnad | Mowtowr-e Pasran Mahmud Isa Zehi | Mowtowr-e Pati Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Pati Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Patti Mohammad Shahli Bar | Mowtowr-e Pey Khvasteh | Mowtowr-e Pir Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Pir Bakhsh Kach | Mowtowr-e Pir Bakhsh Kamkar | Mowtowr-e Pir Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Pir Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Pir Mohammad Borhan Zehi | Mowtowr-e Pir Mohammad Rigi | Mowtowr-e Pir Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Pirdad | Mowtowr-e Piri | Mowtowr-e Qader | Mowtowr-e Qader Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Qader Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Qader Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Qalandar | Mowtowr-e Qanbar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Qasemabad | Mowtowr-e Qeysar Rigi | Mowtowr-e Qir Mohammad Mir Kazehi | Mowtowr-e Qis | Mowtowr-e Rahim | Mowtowr-e Rahim | Mowtowr-e Rahim Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Rahim | Mowtowr-e Rahim | Mowtowr-e Rahimabad | Mowtowr-e Rahman | Mowtowr-e Rahman Gorgich | Mowtowr-e Rahmat | Mowtowr-e Rahmat Rahmatabad | Mowtowr-e Rashid | Mowtowr-e Rashid | Mowtowr-e Rashid | Mowtowr-e Rashid | Mowtowr-e Rasul | Mowtowr-e Rasul | Mowtowr-e Rasul Bakhsh Darkalleh | Mowtowr-e Rasul Bakhsh Fatiyeh Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Rasul Bakhsh Jadgal | Mowtowr-e Rasul | Mowtowr-e Rasul | Mowtowr-e Rasul | Mowtowr-e Reza Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Rezayi Badfar | Mowtowr-e Riazi | Mowtowr-e Rostam Baluch Zehi | Mowtowr-e Ruhollah Bamri | Mowtowr-e Rushan | Mowtowr-e Ruz ol Din | Mowtowr-e Safar | Mowtowr-e Safar | Mowtowr-e Safar | Mowtowr-e Saheb Khan | Mowtowr-e Sahebdad | Mowtowr-e Saleh Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Samad Tuqi | Mowtowr-e Samandar | Mowtowr-e Saraj | Mowtowr-e Satar | Mowtowr-e Setar | Mowtowr-e Seyyd Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Seyyed Ahmad | Mowtowr-e Seyyed Khan | Mowtowr-e Seyyed Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Seyyed Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Seyyed Mohammad Baluch | Mowtowr-e Seyyed Mohammad Sheh Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Seyyed Mohammad Siakhan | Mowtowr-e Seyyed Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Seyyed Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Seyyed Navaz Alishah | Mowtowr-e Seyyed Reza Sajadi | Mowtowr-e Seyyed Shahak Zehi | Mowtowr-e Seyyedi Soleyman | Mowtowr-e Shah Borat | Mowtowr-e Shah Karim Rigi | Mowtowr-e Shah Mohammad Ekhtar | Mowtowr-e Shah Nazer | Mowtowr-e Shah Pari Sheh Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Shahbaz | Mowtowr-e Shahdad Qanbar Zehi | Mowtowr-e Shahdust Bamri | Mowtowr-e Shahdust Naruyi | Mowtowr-e Shahid Jameh | Mowtowr-e Shahid Malek Gamshazarhi | Mowtowr-e Shahid Matahari | Mowtowr-e Shahid Zarak Gamshazarhi | Mowtowr-e Shakary | Mowtowr-e Shakur | Mowtowr-e Shanbeh | Mowtowr-e Sharif | Mowtowr-e Sharif | Mowtowr-e Sharif | Mowtowr-e Sharif Khak Sefidi | Mowtowr-e Sharif Khan | Mowtowr-e Sheh Bakhsh | Mowtowr-e Sheh Dust | Mowtowr-e Sheykh Mohammad Mahmudi | Mowtowr-e Shir Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Shir Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Shir Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Shir Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Shiva | Mowtowr-e Siah Khan | Mowtowr-e Siah Khan | Mowtowr-e Sohrab | Mowtowr-e Sohrab | Mowtowr-e Sohrab | Mowtowr-e Soleyman | Mowtowr-e Soleyman Khatr | Mowtowr-e Soltan Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Soltan Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Taj Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Taj Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Taj Mohammad Hasan | Mowtowr-e Taj Mohammad Pahang | Mowtowr-e Taj Mohammad Raisi | Mowtowr-e Taji Mohammad Hut | Mowtowr-e Tavakkolabad | Mowtowr-e Tusi | Mowtowr-e Vali Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Vali Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Vali Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Yadollah | Mowtowr-e Yar Mohammad | Mowtowr-e Yar Mohammad Naruyi Mokhtar | Mowtowr-e Yusef | Mowtowr-e Yusef | Mowtowr-e Yusef | Mowtowr-e Yusef | Mowtowr-e Yusef | Mowtowr-e Yusef Hasan Zehi | Mowtowr-e Yusef Rudini | Mowtowr-e Yusef | Mowtowr-e Zabudi | Mowtowr-e Zaman Rigi | Mowtowr-e Zaman | Mowtowr-e Zarin | Mowtowr-e Zelikha | Mowtowr-e Zeman Khan | Mowtowr-e Zeman Khan Badi Dak | Mowtowr-e Zeman Khan Kachul | Mowtowr-e Zeman Khan | Mowtowr-e Zeman Khan | Mowtowr-e Zeman | Mujan | Muki | Muki-ye Bala | Muki-ye Pain | Multan | Muluyabad | Muman-e Bala | Muman-e Pain | Muman-e Vasat | Muraki | Murdan | Murin Pish | Murt Anjir | Murt | Murtak-e Pain | Murtan | Murtan | Murtankuh | Murti | Musa Chah | Musa Kuhkan | Musa Shahbaz | Musaabad | Muzaik Sazi | Muzan Nabahri | Nabakhsh | Nabi Rud | Nabiabad | Nabiabad | Nabiabad | Nabiabad | Nabiabad-e Kudaki | Nabiabad-e Pudchah | Nadag Dan | Nadan | Nadariti | Nadekan-e Gurmi | Nadekan-e Jami | Nadekan-e Shafi Mohammad | Nadekan-e Shahdad | Nader | Naderabad | Naderabad | Naderabad | Nadriti | Nadriti | Nadudak | Nag Pahan | Nagan | Nagan | Nagan | Nagan | Nagan | Nagan | Nagatabad-e Din Mohammad | Nagatak | Nagpahn-e Bala | Nagudar | Naguk | Naguk | Nahangi Karim Sarani | Nahuk | Nahuki | Naik | Naimabad | Najafabad | Najag | Nakuch | Nalaki | Nali | Nali-ye Dasht Kuh | Naluk | Naluki | Naluki | Nalvad | Nangaru | Naran | Naranu | Narap | Naraqi | Narazad | Nargan | Narmak | Narun | Narun | Naserabad | Naserabad | Naserabad | Naserabad | Naserabad | Naserabad | Naserabad | Naserabad | Naserabad | Naserabad | Naserabad-e Bala | Naserabad-e Olya | Naserabad-e Sofla | Naserabad-e Talarak | Naseri | Nasirabad | Nasirabad | Naskand | Nasrabad-e Rutak | Navaran | Navazan Khorram | Navkan | Navvababad | Nayib | Nayib-e Lajehi | Nazag Kallak | Nazarabad | Nazarabad | Nazarabad | Nazarabad | Nazarabad | Nazarabad | Nazarabad | Nazer Sarani | Nazerabad | Nazil | Nedam-e Gharbi | Nedam-e Sharqi | Negar | Negur | Negur | Neli | Nematabad | Nematabad | Nematabad | Nenduabad | Nespuran | Ney Padan | Neygerd | Nezhuk | Niam Kand | Niambit | Niamgaran | Niazabad | Nik Mohammad | Nik Shahr | Nikabad | Niku Jahan | Nil | Nilak Bon | Nilak | Nilgan | Nilukan | Nimgan | Nirahi | Nirugah Gazi | Nokombokan | Nosratabad | Nosratabad Integrated Fams | Nosratabad | Nosratabad | Novalak | Now Kai Kol | Now Kandan | Now Kin Jahan | Now Shirvan-e Khaneh Hay Darvish | Nowband | Nowbandian-e Baluchi | Nowbandian-e Pain | Nowhani Bazar | Nowris | Nowziar | Nugar | Nuk Band | Nuk Bandak Brahuyi | Nuk Chah | Nuk Chah-e Sohrab | Nuk Ju | Nuk Kanak | Nukabad | Nukabad | Nukabad | Nukabad | Nukabad | Nukabad | Nukabad | Nukabad | Nukabad | Nukabad | Nukabad | Nukabad | Nukabad | Nukabad | Nukabad | Nukabad | Nukabad | Nukabad | Nukabad | Nukabad | Nukabad | Nukabad | Nukabad | Nukabad | Nukabad | Nukabad-e Gonbad | Nukabad-e Janglian | Nukabad-e Luchu | Nukabad-e Pain | Nukabad-e Sarhang | Nukabad-e Shahdad | Nukan | Nukdar | Nukidar | Nukin Deh | Nukjub | Nur Bakhsh Siahani | Nur Mohammad Bazar | Nur Mohammad Dartakideh | Nur Mohammad | Nur Mohammad | Nur Mohammad-e Jahan Tigh | Nur Mohammad-e Yusef Rudini | Nurabad | Nurabad | Nurabad | Nurabad | Nurabad | Nurabad | Nurabad | Nurabad | Nurabad | Nurabad | Nurabad | Nurabad-e Dasht Abkhvan | Nurabad-e Sar Talap | Nuri | Nury | Nushabad | Nut Omarabad | Osman Bazar | Osmanabad | Osmanbazar | Owrai | Owraki Bozorg-e Olya | Owraki Malang Bazar | Owraki Molla Abdol Rahman | Owrang | Owriz Padagi | Padagi Station | Padagi | Padagi-ye Bala | Padagi-ye Pain | Padehi | Padeshahi-ye Bala Siah Lup | Padgan | Padgan-e Golzar | Padgi | Padguk | Padik | Padkub | Pag | Pag | Pahnam | Pakak Hajji Heydar | Pakir Mahmud | Pakir Shahsavar | Palang Sar | Palangiabad | Palangiabad | Palangi-ye Adernag | Palani | Paleh Sin | Palgi Bazi | Palgi | Palgi | Palgi-ye Khamar | Palgi-ye Pain Shahsavar | Palgi-ye Seyyed | Palizan | Palizy | Palizy-e Dar Giaban | Palkchar | Pam Pabanzin | Pamont | Pand | Pandak | Panik | Panjak | Panjshanbeh Bazar | Panjshanbeh Bazar | Pankur | Pansan | Pansareh | Papabi-ye Bala | Papabi-ye Pain | Parak-e Bashir | Parak-e Hutan | Parak-e Morad | Parak-e Sheykhan | Parchak | Parchan | Parchang | Pardelabad | Pardelabad-e Hesaruiyeh | Pardisabad | Pardizak | Parekan | Parisan | Pariz | Parkan | Parkan | Parkani Lup | Parkant | Parmaru | Partang | Parud | Parud | Parudin | Parumi Hajji Heydar | Parviz | Pas Kusheh | Pasa Bandar | Pasak | Pasand Khan | Pasar Mordan | Pasgah Gazbestan | Pasgah Hudian | Pasgah Zeh Molla Sharif | Pashamak | Paskuh | Pat | Patan, Iran | Patantak | Patar | Patgan | Pati | Patiki-ye Bala Javan Tall | Patiki-ye Pain | Patkak | Patkan | Patkan | Patkan-e Bala | Patkan-e Pain | Patkuhi | Patkuk | Patkuk | Patmati | Patti | Pattihan Bazar | Paval | Paygah-ye Rud Mahi | Pazard | Pedehi | Pensakan | Perdalabad | Perom | Persian Gulf Integrated Fisheries | Peshkabad | Pestak | Petti Mohammad Jadgal | Petti | Pey Tab-e Jam | Pich Gali | Pigol | Pil Gushkan | Ping | Pip | Pir Gazan | Pir Kashan | Pir Sir | Pir Sohrab | Pir Zarin | Pir | Pirabad | Pirabad | Pirahan Gavash | Pirai-ye Bala | Pirai-ye Pain | Piran Dakht | Piran | Piran | Piran | Piranch | Pirchah | Pirdan | Pireh Chah | Piri | Piri | Piridan | Pirkan | Pirmati Kallag | Pirmis | Pirsar | Pish Mant-e Owl | Pishgur | Pishin | Pishnek | Pist Mowtowr-e Savary | Pogumzyi | Pol Asbi | Polan | Polkan | Portabad | Porukestan | Poshot | Posht Gar | Posht Giaban | Posht Gorg | Posht Rud | Posht-e Dasht | Posht-e Zard | Poshteh-ye Kamal | Poshteh-ye Pirdad | Poshti | Poshtkuk | Poskuhi | Post and Customs | Potahk | Potak | Potan | Potan | Pozm-e Machchan | Pozm-e Tiab | Puch Geli | Pud Chah-e Din Mohammad | Pudineh | Pugi Nagat | Pujarak | Pur Janki | Purakdad | Purakin | Purchang Gesk | Purchangan | Purchanian Dap | Purjangi | Purjangi | Pusar | Puskin | Putap | Puter Qaderabad | Qaderabad | Qaderabad | Qaderabad | Qaderabad | Qaderabad | Qaderabad | Qaderabad | Qaderabad | Qaderabad | Qaderabad-e Murtan | Qaderan | Qaemabad | Qajar Barani | Qajar Mohammad Hasan | Qajr Kasuri | Qaleh Bid | Qaleh Kohneh | Qaleh Now | Qaleh Rostam | Qaleh Rostam | Qaleh Sam | Qaleh-ye Del Asa | Qaleh-ye Hasan | Qaleh-ye Kang | Qaleh-ye Tarvan | Qaljehi | Qamarzeh | Qanat-e Abdol Ghani | Qanat-e Abdol Hakim | Qanat-e Allahabad | Qanat-e Dadkhoda | Qanat-e Del Morad-e Bala | Qanat-e Emam Qader | Qanat-e Feyz Mohammad | Qanat-e Golzar | Qanat-e Hajji Ebrahim | Qanat-e Hajji Feyz Mohammad | Qanat-e Hajji Gol Mohammad | Qanat-e Hajji Mastan | Qanat-e Hajji Mirza | Qanat-e Hajji Pirdad | Qanat-e Hajji Shir Mohammad | Qanat-e Maduhi | Qanat-e Mir Qalandar | Qanat-e Nur Mohammad | Qanat-e Palangiabad | Qanat-e Pirdad | Qanat-e Rowghani | Qanat-e Rudin | Qanat-e Seyyed Mohammad Padeshahi | Qanat-e Shah Mohammad Sheh Bakhsh | Qanat-e Taj Mohammad | Qanat-e Tajak Naruyi | Qanbar Zehi | Qand | Qandab | Qarah Yaghi | Qarqaruk | Qasem Bampury Jalilabad | Qasemabad | Qasemabad | Qasemabad | Qasemabad | Qasemabad | Qasemabad | Qasemabad | Qasemabad-e Gonbad | Qasr-e Qand | Qateri | Qazaq | Qaziabad | Qazizadeh | Qeblehi Kur | Qodratabad-e Pudchah | Qorqori | Qus ol Din Bamadi Rabuzehi | Rachdar | Radio Broadcrasting Station | Radio Station | Raduabad | Radudaj | Radu-ye Pain | Radu-ye Polan | Ragdaf | Raginan | Ragiti | Ragsha | Rah Dergaz | Rahatuk | Rahdar | Rahim Khan Sarani | Rahimabad | Rahimabad | Rahimabad | Rahimabad | Rahimabad | Rahimabad | Rahimabad | Rahimabad-e Espitaki | Rahimiabad | Rahinag | Rahmanabad | Rahmanabad | Rahmanabad | Rahmanabad | Rahmanabad | Rahmatabad | Rahmatabad | Rahmatabad | Rahmatabad | Rahmatabad | Rahmatabad | Rahmatabad | Rahmatabad | Rahmatabad | Rahmatabad | Rahmatabad | Rahmatabad | Rahmatabad | Rahmatabad | Rahmatabad | Rahmatabad | Rahmatabad | Rahmatabad | Rahmatabad-e Gary | Rahmatabad-e Pain | Raisabad | Rakhshan | Rakhshani | Ramazan Kalag | Ramin | Ramk | Rampan | Ramsh | Ramtuk Dap | Randak | Randeh Shahraki | Rangazan | Rank | Rasak | Rashak | Rashidabad-e Mowtowr-e Nushirvan | Rashkan | Rastehi | Rasul Gholam | Rasulabad | Rasulabad | Rasulabad | Rasulabad | Rasulabad | Rasul-e Afghan | Rasul-e Sarani | Ravak | Ravak | Ravan Dap | Ravang | Rayin Gitan | Razi | Rebabad | Rebabad | Regan | Regentog | Regeti | Reys | Rezi | Richkan | Rig Band Sar | Rig Safar | Rigabad | Rigabad | Rig-e Kaput | Rig-e Muri | Rigechi-ye Bala | Rigechi-ye Pain | Rigechi-ye Vasat | Rigedan | Rigukan | Rihani | Rikabad | Riku | Rikukash | Rimdan-e Bankul | Rimlan-e Kamal | Rimlan-e Pain | Rimlan-e Vosta | Ripak-e Abdok | Ripak-e Lal Mohammad | Ripak-e Pirandad | Ripak-e Saleh | Ripak-e Shiran | Rish Pish-e Bala | Rish Pish-e Pain | Rishpesh | Ritk | Robat | Roknabad | Rostam Bazar Nalant | Rostam Mahmud | Rostam | Rostamabad | Rostamabad | Rostamabad | Rowghani | Rowshanabad | Rubahak Radu Chahi | Rubahuk | Rud Balu | Rud Bon | Rud Mahi | Rud Saran | Rudan | Rudbar | Rud-e Gaz | Rud-e Gol Andam | Rud-e Sanib | Rudgar | Rudi | Rudik-e Karim Bakhsh | Rudik-e Mahmud-e Pain | Rudik-e Molladad | Rudik-e Sahebdad | Rudkan | Rudy | Rufnan | Rug | Ruhgam-e Bala | Ruhgam-e Pain | Ruidar Emamabad | Ruku | Rupas-e Bala | Rupas-e Pain | Rupasi | Rushnabad | Rustai-ye Isa Zehi | Rustayi Muluy-e Khoda Rahm Rudini | Rustayi-ye Duran Khan | Rustayi-ye Hashemabad | Rustayi-ye Sam | Rustayi-ye Sefidak | Rustay-ye Mohammadabad Mohammad Rahman Sabatan | Sabilan-e Gamshad | Sabilan-e Jafar | Sabrabad | Sabrabad | Sabz Gaz-e Olya | Sabz Gaz-e Sofla | Sabz Gaz-e Vosta | Sabz Pushan | Sabz | Sabzvar Keshmir | Sad Durban | Sad Fahreh | Sadaki | Sadeqabad | Sadif | Sadrabad | Safar Barfi | Safar Hasan Zehi | Safar Zai | Safar Zehi | Safarabad | Safarabad | Safarabad | Saftak | Sagar | Sagar Tall | Saghirabad | Sagis | Saheb Khan Barani | Sahman-e Hit | Sahran | Sahreh Bon | Sahrok | Saidabad | Saidabad | Saidabad | Saidabad | Saidabad | Saidabad | Saidabad | Saidabad | Saidabad | Saidabad | Saidabad | Saidabad-e Kudaki | Saidabad-e Shandak | Sakan | Sakhiabad | Sakhteman | Sakuk | Sakuran | Salar Barim | Saleh Khan | Saleh Khan | Saleh Mohammad Shahriyari | Salehabad | Salehabad | Samad | Samad-e Deh-e Mardeh | Samak | Sammach-e Korg | Sammach-e Mahmud | Sammach-e Miru | Samsurchah | Samsurdar | Samukan | Samukan Dap | Sanabad | Sanan | Sanat Sar | Sanchuli | Sandakzehi-ye Bala | Sandakzehi-ye Pain | Sand-e Bahram | Sand-e Hamzeh | Sand-e Mir Suiyan | Sand-e Nur Mohammad | Sandok | Sandsar | Sangan | Sangan | Sangan-e Kuknak | Sangan-e Sofla | Sangar Durak | Sangari-ye Hajji Jan Mohammad | Sangary | Sangary-ye Pain | Sangary-ye Qanat-e Gol Mohammad | Sang-e Lak | Sang-e Masjed | Sang-e Palang | Sangi Chah | Sangun | Sanjar Bazar Taradan | Sanjarabad | Sanjarani | Sanjardeh Mardeh | Saptuk | Sar Ahangi | Sar Band | Sar Cheshmeh | Sar Daj Delmorad | Sar Dasht-e Sar Jangal | Sar Deh | Sar Gar | Sar Gazak | Sar Gol | Sar Jangan | Sar Kahnu | Sar Kahuran | Sar Kalandan | Sar Kam | Sar Kand | Sar Kang | Sar Keluki | Sar Rig | Sar Rud | Sar Sureh | Sar Tall | Sar Tall | Sar Tall | Sar Tap | Sar Tap | Sar Tapi | Sar Taruna | Sarab | Saran | Sarani | Sarani | Saravan | Saravani | Saraydan | Sarbak | Sarban-e Damuyi | Sarbaz | Sardab | Sardakan | Sardan | Sardar | Sardasht | Sardasht-e Nematabad | Sardegal Integrated Farming Industry | Sar-e Katik Bi Gol | Sarferaz | Sargaruk | Sargdar Cheshmeh | Sargeh-ye Bala | Sargeh-ye Pain | Sargerani | Sargezi | Sari Gar | Sari Gat Hut Gat Bala | Sari Machan | Sariabad | Sarjub | Sarkajeh | Sarmaki | Sarmich | Sarnajdani | Sarsaru | Sartakhti-ye Shahabad | Sartala | Sartap | Saruk | Sarush | Sarvageh | Saryzeh | Sarzeh | Sarzeh | Sarzeh-ye Mirkhan | Sasuli | Sasuli | Satag | Sattani | Sayani | Sayegan | Sayyadan | Sazink-e Olya | Sediq Zehi | Sefid Naduk | Sefid Sang | Sefid Sang | Sefid Sang | Sefidabeh | Seh Boni | Seh Chahan | Seh Gun | Seh Machan | Seh Payeh-e Ziarat-e Gonbad | Seh Qaleh | Seh Qaleh | Seh Rud | Seh Saran | Sekuheh | Send-e Morad | Senjedak | Sergan | Seribazar | Sey Salman | Sey Vik | Seyah Darreh | Seyah Mari | Seyah Takan | Seydaran | Seyfabad-e Javashiri | Seyfabad-e Naruyi | Seyyed Bar | Seyyed Khan | Seyyed Khan | Seyyed Khan | Seyyed Mohammad Bazar | Seyyed Mohammad Nur Qanbar Zehi Gorgij | Seyyedabad | Seyyedabad | Seyyedabad | Seyyedabad | Seyyedabad | Seyyedi Bazar | Shadi Gur | Shadi Kallak | Shadkam Dap | Shaghalak | Shah Beyk-e Molla Shahi | Shah Kafer | Shah Kahur | Shah Karam-e Pain | Shah Mir | Shah Mohammad Qasemi | Shah Nazerabad | Shahak Bazar | Shahbik Zehi | Shahdad Bazar | Shahdadabad | Shahdad-e Kahir | Shahdad-e Shiru | Shahi Chat | Shahid Beheshti Agro-Industiral Complex | Shahid Chamran | Shahid Deh Mardeh | Shahid Modarres | Shahid Qalanbar | Shahid Rasuli | Shahid Rejai | Shahid Shah Nazar | Shahidabad-e Saruk | Shahidan | Shahidayit-e Shandak | Shahmorad Deh | Shahr Bon | Shahr Dar-e Bala | Shahr Deraz | Shahrak Ashayiri-ye Khosrin | Shahrak Maskuni-ye Gavater | Shahrak | Shahrak | Shahrak | Shahrak | Shahrak-e Abu ol Fazl | Shahrak-e Ali Akbar | Shahrak-e Bozorg | Shahrak-e Chah-e Eshaq | Shahrak-e Eslamabad | Shahrak-e Gol Beyk | Shahrak-e Golkhani | Shahrak-e Gorg Heydarabad | Shahrak-e Hadabad | Shahrak-e Hasanabad | Shahrak-e Hoseynabad | Shahrak-e Kambuzia | Shahrak-e Keyanabad | Shahrak-e Kuchek | Shahrak-e Kuhak | Shahrak-e Musa Salari | Shahrak-e Piman | Shahrak-e Posht Giaban | Shahrak-e Qods | Shahrak-e Rig-e Malek | Shahrak-e Salari | Shahrak-e Sanchuli Residential Complex | Shahrak-e Sar Jangal | Shahrak-e Shahid Beheshti | Shahrak-e Shahid Beheshti | Shahrak-e Shahid Kallah Duz | Shahrak-e Shurchah | Shahrak-e Taqiabad | Shahraki | Shahrdan | Shahr-e Deraz | Shahr-e Deraz | Shahr-e Deraz | Shahr-e Deraz | Shahr-e Fulad | Shahr-e Gol Mohammad | Shahr-e Kamal | Shahriari | Shahriari | Shahruk | Shahryanch | Shahu Zahi | Shajahan | Shak Band | Shak Shichi | Shakband | Shakilabad | Shakshidar | Sham | Shamashk | Shameh Sar | Shameh Sar | Shamehsar | Shamel Bazar | Shamgat | Shamil | Shamsabad | Shamsabad | Shamsabad | Shan Shiri | Shanbeh Bar Gah | Shand | Shandak Qodratabad | Shandak Tavakkolabad | Shandan | Shandan | Shandel | Shandi | Shandmolla | Shandukan | Shangary | Shankar | Sharaf ol Din | Sharag | Shardar | Sharekh | Sharif Qazaq | Sharifabad | Sharifabad | Sharifabad | Sharifabad | Sharifabad | Sharifabad | Sharifabad | Sharifabad | Sharifabad | Sharifabad-e Chah Kan | Shatar Mahmud | Shavatk | Shegim-e Bala | Shegim-e Pain | Shekar Jangal | Shekarabad | Sherkat Chah | Sherkat-e Tamp | Shesh Dangi-ye Golestan | Sheyban | Sheybani | Sheykh Alam | Sheykh Ebrahim Bazar Arab Zehi | Sheykh Kalag | Sheykh Langi | Sheykhan Karag | Shib Gureh | Shib Ju | Shib Torki | Shir Ali Hashem | Shir Ali Khan | Shir Govaz | Shir Mohammad Bazar | Shir Mohammad Bazar | Shir Mohammad Gargij | Shir Mohammad-e Shir Zehi | Shirabad | Shirabad | Shirabad | Shirabad | Shirabad | Shirabad | Shirabad | Shirabad | Shirabad | Shirdel Sadak | Shiriki | Shirin Salar | Shirin Zad | Shirin | Shisheh Posht | Shitap | Shizin Patan | Shomahi | Shudik | Shugeh | Shukat Sarani | Shundeh | Shur Chah Khoda Bakhsh | Shur Matik | Shur | Shur | Shur | Shurab | Shurabad | Shurabad-e Fandaq | Shurak | Shurak | Shurak | Shuran | Shurchah Nagat | Shurcheh-ye Purgazy | Shureh Rud | Shurikan | Shuru | Shushgim | Shushment | Si Pach | Si Sarak Bon | Si Sarak Bon | Si Tall | Siadak Deh Mardeh | Siadak | Siadak | Siadan-e Sofla | Siah Bon | Siah Dak | Siah Ettefaq-e Pain | Siah Gar | Siah Gur-e Hajji | Siah Jak | Siah Jangal-e Bala | Siah Jangal-e Pain | Siah Kelak | Siah Khak | Siah Khan | Siah Khan | Siah Khan | Siah Kut | Siah Kut-e Anjireh | Siah Poshteh | Siah Sar | Siah Shir | Siah Tavakk Jama Qanbar Zehi | Siah Tir-e Pain | Siah Tuk | Siah Yinkan | Siahangari | Siahin Pakanzan | Siahti Kalat | Sib | Sihaki | Sihaki Kuteh | Simli | Sin Kan | Sina Chu | Sir Gavanani | Sirag | Sirin Kur | Sirja | Sirkan | Sirud | Sitag | Sital | Sital | Sitar | Sitar-e Abdol Rahim | Sitar-e Ali | Sitar-e Mahmud | Siyahokan | Sizaki | Sizdehaban | Soheyl | Sohr Bon | Sohr Nilag | Sohrab Sheykhi | Sohrababad | Sohrab-e Gholami | Sohrin Duk | Sohrtak | Sohrtamp | Solur Bazar | Sonni Bazar | Sorkh Degar | Sorkh Duk | Sorkh Gazi | Sorkh Gazi | Sorkh Gazi-ye Chah Gazi | Sorkh Kach | Sorkh Kalut | Sorkh Parak-e Bala | Sorkh Ruadan | Sorkhkan | Sorkhkan | Sufi Seyyedi | Suhran | Sukhteh Gaz | Sukhteh Mok | Sukhtehnag | Sul | Sul | Sulan | Suldan | Suldan | Suleki | Sulkuk | Sumar Zehi | Sumarbar | Sunat | Sur Ab | Sur Chagi | Sur Chahi | Surab Chakardak | Surab | Surak | Surakh Kuh | Suran | Surangetan | Surchah | Surgaf | Surgan | Surgu | Surkalud | Surkamp | Suru | Sutap Tabaki Tal | Tabarjad | Taflak | Taghazi | Tah Rud | Tahati | Tahrak | Tahtan | Tajabad | Tajabad | Takash | Takhman Miri | Takht | Takht-e Malek | Takhteh Pol | Takhtun | Takur | Talang | Talarban | Talban | Taleqabad-e Palaki | Talkhab | Tall | Tall-e Mishan | Tamandan | Tambeka | Tamin | Tamiz | Tana | Tanak | Tanbalan | Tang Ab-e Kahukan | Tang-e Daf | Tang-e Hanzab | Tang-e Lakur | Tang-e Nadam | Tang-e Rahin | Tang-e Sar | Tang-e Sarhad | Tang-e Tanur | Tang-e Vajeg | Tangi | Tanhak | Tapagi Ap | Tappeh Daz | Tappeh Kaniz | Tappeh-ye Lal Mohammad | Taradak | Taradan | Tarampuk | Taran | Tarati | Tareh-ye Darkhatkari Chesh | Tarin-e Berin | Tarquyi | Tarradeh | Tashkuk | Tasht-e Maksan | Tasian | Tavakkol | Tavakkol | Tavakkolabad | Tavakkolabad | Tavakkolabad | Tavakkolabad | Tavakkolabad | Tavakkolabad-e Hurshi | Tavakkolabad-e Minuyi | Tavaran | Tavus | Tehrud | Tejkoft | Telaran | Telehdan-e Gamdad Bazar | Teranjan | Terati | Terati | Terati-ye Sang | Teymurabad | Teymurabad-e Sheykhi | Tiab | Tigh Ab | Tighab | Tighi | Tijnan-e Bala | Tijnan-e Pain | Tilag | Tilar | Tilvai | Ting | Tirabad | Tirabad | Tireh-ye Kheyrabad | Tis | Tiskupan | Tisorun-e Tisoruk | Titaran Dan | Tohman-e Ladi | Tolombeh-ye Aqa Khan | Tom Tahlak | Tom Tilak | Tombi Dap | Tomp-e Rigan | Torkani | Torond | Torshab | Towd Lang | Towhidabad | Towhidabad | Towhidabad | Towlak Rud | Tud | Tudak-e Taqiabad | Tudan | Tudi | Tujak | Tujak-e Jadid | Tujan | Tuji | Tujkan | Tuk | Tuk Dan | Tuk Mobarak | Tukali-ye Bala | Tukali-ye Pain | Tukar | Tukli Jangan | Tuleh Dar | Tuli Ab | Tulkan | Turdan | Tutan | Tuti | Tutoran Dap | Tuzaki Ugink | Ushab Vaddu | Vadgar | Vafa | Vahadabad | Vahzary | Vakilabad | Vali Khormayi | Vali Mohammad Bazar | Vali Mohammad Kam Rah Sheh Bakhsh | Vali Mohammadabad | Valiabad | Valiabad | Valiabad | Valiabad | Vapag | Varedan | Varkat | Varmal | Vaselan | Vash Ab | Vash Ab Bidi | Vashapi | Vashdar | Vashin Chat | Vashkan Chan | Vashna | Vashnam-e Dari | Vashnam-e Dust Mohammad | Vashnam-e Eshaq | Vashnam-e Faqir Mohammad | Vashnam-e Hajji Ramazan | Vashnam-e Heydar Saleh Zahi | Vashnam-e Kheyr Mohammad | Vashnam-e Mirgol | Vashnam-e Morid | Vashnam-e Shahdad | Vasirin | Vatkuh | Vaveyla-ye Bala | Vellan Yadu Bazar | Yaqub Bazar | Yaqub Zehi | Yar Mohammad Bazar | Yar Mohammad-e Alam | Yar Mohammad-e Kharut | Yek Muki | Yunesabad | Yusef Hasan | Yusef Zehi | Yusefabad | Yusefabad | Yusefabad | Yusefabad | Yusefabad | Yusefabad | Yusefabad | Yusefabad | Yusefabad-e Shuru | Yusefabad-e Tudak | Yusef-e Eslam | Yusof Zehi Zabol | Zabol Airport | Zaboli | Zabrabad | Zafarabad | Zaghak | Zahedan | Zahedan Flour Mills Complex | Zahedan Kohneh | Zahedan Terminal | Zaherabad | Zahrab | Zahrabad | Zal Shahr | Zamanabad | Zamin Band | Zamin Bandan | Zamin Gholam Ali | Zamin Sukadin | Zaminan | Zaminkan | Zanduni Anary | Zangian | Zangik | Zarabad | Zarabad | Zaragi | Zaran Mandi | Zarbar | Zarchak | Zard | Zardabad | Zardan | Zardari | Zardban | Zardian | Zardin Gar | Zardin Gar | Zardin Kahir | Zarkhoshk | Zatan Vari | Zavar | Zayik | Zebri Bug | Zebring | Zehak | Zehak | Zeh-e Ruzehi | Zehlenfan | Zeraqap | Zeyi | Zeyi | Zeynalabad | Zhalehi | Ziai | Ziar | Ziarat Chah | Ziarat Jah | Ziarat Konar | Ziarat | Ziarat | Ziarat | Ziarat | Ziarat | Ziarat | Ziarat | Ziarat | Ziarat-e Jangal | Ziaratgah | Ziaratgah | Zibadak | Zimadan | Zindan | Zir Bandar | Zir Daj | Zirakabad | Zirdan | Zirdan | Zirkeyk | Zirogdan | Ziruki-ye Gowhar Kuh | Ziyan | Ziyarat-e Miromar | Zoberan Dan | Zohanru | Zohian | Zohrekan | Zonnar | Zorrati | Zu ol Faqari | Zurabad | Zurabad | Zurabad-e Salari", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ The 2009–10 season is Sunderland's third consecutive season in the top division of English football, the Premier League.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Ricky Sbragia was replaced by Steve Bruce in the close season.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ His aim is to improve on the club's 16th position the previous season.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Darren Bent was the top scorer in the Premier League with 24 goals.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Andy Reid was the top scorer in the League Cup with two goals.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Fraizer Campbell was the top scorer in the FA Cup with two goals.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Darren Bent was the top scorer in all competitions with 25 goals.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ At the end of the season, Darren Bent won both the club's official Player of the Season and the SAFC Supporters' Association awards.", "List of cities, towns and villages in Khuzestan Province __knowledge__ A list of cities, towns and villages in Khuzestan Province of south-western Iran: Cities are in bold text; all others are villages.", "List of cities, towns and villages in Khuzestan Province __knowledge__ Ab Amiri | Ab Anar Seyyed Nazer Hoseyni | Ab Anar | Ab Anari | Ab Anbar-e Pain | Ab Anjirak-e Sofla | Ab Azhdun | Ab Bahar-e Do | Ab Bahar-e Yek | Ab Baran | Ab Baran-e Do | Ab Baran-e Yek | Ab Barik | Ab Bid Sari-ye Do | Ab Bid | Ab Bid | Ab Bid | Ab Bid | Ab Bid | Ab Bid | Ab Bid | Ab Bid | Ab Bid | Ab Bid-e Alibaz | Ab Bid-e Galleh Tavak | Ab Bid-e Hajj Baba | Ab Chahru | Ab Chal | Ab Chenar | Ab Chendar | Ab Chendar | Ab Chendar | Ab Darreh | Ab Difeh | Ab Gandu | Ab Gareyu | Ab Garmak | Ab Garmak | Ab Garmak-e Olya | Ab Garmak-e Sofla | Ab Garmeh | Ab Garmeh | Ab Ghar | Ab Gonjeshki | Ab Gonji | Ab Gorazi | Ab Hamam | Ab Hamam-e Amir ol Mowmenin | Ab Hazar Helleh | Ab Jadan Qoliabad | Ab Jaz | Ab Kabud-e Sofla | Ab Kaseh | Ab Khar Zahreh | Ab Kharzahreh | Ab Khugan | Ab Konar | Ab Koreh | Ab Kulak | Ab Lashkar-e Olya | Ab Lashkar-e Sofla | Ab Lashkar-e Vosta | Ab Maik-e Golzari | Ab Malek | Ab Mishan | Ab Nagun | Ab Nargesi | Ab Nik | Ab Nik | Ab Qaleh | Ab Qanat | Ab Rah | Ab Razak | Ab Rizak | Ab Sila | Ab Surakh | Ab Surakh | Ab Tasuleh | Ab Zahleh-ye Anaraki | Ab Zahli | Ab Zahlu | Ab Zalu-ye Arab | Ab Zalu-ye Bahram | Ab Zehlu | Abad | Abadan Industrial Estate | Abadan | Abadi-ye Majid | Abaviyeh | Abazar | Abbas Ali | Abbas Yales-e Do | Abbas Yales-e Yek | Abbas | Abbas | Abbasabad | Abbasabad | Abbasabad-e Ashrafi | Abbasabad-e Fakhrai | Abbasiyeh | Abd Bayan | Abd Bayan-e Qadim | Abd ol Emam-e Feysal | Abd ol Rahman | Abd ol Reza | Abdahabad | Abdikhani | Abdol Amir | Abdol Khan-e Pain | Abdol Khani Oil Pumping Stations | Abd-ol Seyyed | Abd-ol Seyyed | Abdoli | Abdoliyeh | Abdolkazem | Abdollah-e Amuri | Abdolreza Mordeh | Abdolreza | Ab-e Mozhgan | Ab-e Shirinak | Abeleh | Abezhdan | Abezhdan | Abezhdan-e Malmulil | Abezhdan-e Sofla | Abgah | Abgarmak | Abgarmak | Abgun | Abi Dasht | Abid | Abid | Abirash | Abjaz | Abjaz | Ableh-ye Olya | Ableh-ye Sofla | Ablesh | Abrak-e Azhgil | Abrak-e Do | Abrak-e Yek | Abrizak | Abrizaki | Abrizaki | Abshar | Abtar | Abu Abud | Abu Alayej-e Olya | Abu Alayej-e Sofla | Abu Alayej-e Vosta | Abu Alimeh | Abu Amud | Abu Arabid | Abu Arazeh | Abu Boqqal | Abu Dabis | Abu Dakab Emir | Abu Direh | Abu Fazel | Abu Feli | Abu Garva-e Do | Abu Garva-e Yek | Abu Geraniyeh-ye Do | Abu Geraniyeh-ye Yek | Abu Gharib | Abu Ghizlan | Abu Havan-e Yek | Abu Homeyzeh | Abu Honeyvar | Abu Jadan Mirza Avaz | Abu Jalal-e Jonubi | Abu Jalal-e Shomali | Abu Kabireh | Abu Khazravi | Abu Masul | Abu Mosheyleysh | Abu Nageh | Abu ol Abbas | Abu ol Fares | Abu ol Folus | Abu ol Hasan | Abu ol Kheyr | Abu ol Qasem | Abu ol Qiyefeh | Abu Oleymeh | Abu Oqab | Abu Sadreh | Abu Sadreyn | Abu Sel Bikhat-e Bozorg | Abu Seyleh-ye Sofla | Abu Shakar | Abu Shanak | Abu Shenan-e Olya | Abu Shenan-e Sofla | Abu Sokheyr | Abu Tabareh-ye Do | Abu Tabareh-ye Yek | Abu Tarfaiyeh | Abu Tavayoj | Abu Tayur-e Do | Abu Tayur-e Seh | Abu Tayur-e Yek | Abu Yeleyel | Abu Yuru | Abu Zhidan | Abud Maah | Abudi | Abudi | Abzalu | Achreshiyeh-ye Bozorg | Adabis | Add-e Sovadi | Ad-e Qomeys | Adin Ali Nazri | Adiv Chaliv | Aghajari | Agleh Bachay | Agleh Zovihed | Agricultural Pumps Complex | Agricultural Training Centre | Agro Emam Khormeyni | Ahangaran | Ahangari | Ahaymer | Ahmad Aqa | Ahmad Mowla | Ahmadabad | Ahmadabad | Ahmadabad | Ahmadabad | Ahmadabad | Ahmadabad | Ahmadabad | Ahmadabad | Ahmadabad-e Abdal | Ahmadabad-e Barkeh | Ahmadabad-e Dinarak | Ahmadabad-e Sar Tang | Ahmad-e Omran | Ahu Barand | Ahvaz | Air Force Housing | Ajam | Aka | Akbarabad | Akbarabad-e Laram | Akili | Akseh-ye Olya | Akseh-ye Sofla | Al Aqda | Alad | Alamabad-e Mohandes | Alamdar | Alamdari | Alavi | Alavoneh | Alavoneh-ye Fay | Albaji | Albu Afri | Albu Afri-ye Jonubi | Albu Bandar | Albu Gulak | Albu Hamid | Albu Hardan-e Olya | Albu Hesar | Albu Naim | Albu Nisi | Albu Obeyd | Albu Sanvan | Albu Sayyad | Albu Shahbaz | Albu Shelug | Albu Soveyt | Albuebadi | Albuid-e Yek Nabi | Albujenam | Albumraveh Shamkoli | Albusavadi | Al-e Tayyeb | Algash | Algi | Alhak | Alhasi | Ali Akbar | Ali Arab | Ali Asghar Kutki | Ali Fateh | Ali Hoseyn | Ali Jador | Ali Mohammad | Ali Mordan Khan | Ali Najat | Ali Nazer | Ali Panah | Ali Pir Vali Muman | Ali Yar | Ali Zogheyr | Ali | Aliabad | Aliabad | Aliabad | Aliabad | Aliabad | Aliabad | Aliabad | Aliabad | Aliabad-e Hufel | Aliabad-e Olya | Aliabad-e Sofla | Aliar | Alidad | Alidad-e Ebrahim | Alimorad | Aljazayer | Allah Rahim | Alleh-ye Band-e Qir | Alleh-ye Hajj Abdol Ali | Alma-ye Sofla | Alus | Alvan | Alvan | Alvan-e Eshareh | Alvan-e Moslem | Alvaniyeh | Alviyeh-ye Zahra | Am Alsarajineh | Am Altamir | Am Dabs | Am ol Deyay-e Do | Am ol Deyay-e Yek | Amadgah Shahid Mohasan Ghafurian | Amalal | Amaleh Seyf | Amaleh-ye Teymur | Amari | Amashiyeh-ye Do | Amashiyeh-ye Yek | Aminabad | Amir Cheraghali | Amir Hoseyn | Amir ol Momenin | Amir ol Mowmenin | Amir ol Mowmenin | Amir Seyf | Amirabad | Amirabad | Amirabad | Amirabad | Amireh | Amlahah | Ammeh | Anaraki | Anayeh | Anbar | Anbargah | Andikayi | Andimeshk | Aniyyat | Anjeh | Anjirak | Anjireh | Anjirestan | Anjirestan | Anjirsiyah Ahmad | Aqa Bagi | Aqa Bozorg | Aqa Qoli | Aqatla | Arab Asad | Arab Hasan | Arab Rashed | Aram | Arayez | Arayyez-e Ahmadi | Arazeh | Arba Va Akhmas | Arbihat | Ardafeh | Armish | Arvandkenar | Asad Khan | Asadabad | Asadollahabad | Asalu | Asbiyaneh | Aseyfer | Asgarabad | Ashareh Beyt-e Yabareh | Ashareh-ye Bozorg | Ashareh-ye Kuchek | Ashareh-ye Olya | Ashareh-ye Sofla | Ashireh-ye Khalaf | Asiab | Asiab | Asiyab-e Shekasteh | Askaleh-ye Bandar Emam | Aslan | Aslan | Asphalt Plant | Astishan | Asun Zahleh | Atash | Atiyeh | Attabiyeh-ye Jonubi | Attabiyeh-ye Shomali | Avafi | Avafi | Avagun | Avaz Ali Najafqoli | Avazabad | Avazabad | Avazabad | Avend | Avifi | Ayaz | Ayda | Aymur | Ayyash | Azab | Azadi | Azanak-e Kukya | Azanak-e Olya | Azibi | Azim | Azizabad | Azrag Baba Khoda | Baba Zahed | Baba Zahed | Babasaleh | Babel | Bachachereh-ye Olya | Badali | Badam Zar | Badamestan-e Farvivand | Badamzar | Badarnegan | Badi | Badil | Badileyan | Badkam | Badlan | Badrani | Badriyeh | Bagh Baba | Bagh Shahu | Bagh | Baghchehban | Bagh-e Ebrahim | Bagh-e Gravik | Bagh-e Malek | Bagh-e Molla | Bagh-e Mugach | Bagh-e Qisar | Bahar | Bahareh | Bahareh | Bahhas | Bahmanabad | Bahmanabad | Bahmanabad | Bahramabad | Bahramabad | Bahramabad | Bahramabad | Bahreh | Bahreh | Bahreh-ye Ruzeh | Bahriyeh | Bajul | Bakarjulan | Bakhtegan | Bakhtiar | Bakhtiar | Baladiyeh | Balaghab | Balam | Bali Khalk | Baliab | Balkedan | Balu | Balun | Balutak Shalu | Balutak-e Landi | Balutak-e Sheykhan | Balyavi | Banar Kabutaran | Banar-e Vajel | Band Chuli | Bandar-e Emam Khomeyni | Bandar-e Mahshahr | Bandbal-e Bala | Bandbal-e Pain | Band-e Qir | Bandeh | Bangestan | Bani Naameh-ye Jonubi | Bani Naameh-ye Shomali | Bapalarpena | Bapira | Bapir-e Jafar Qoli | Baq Baqu | Baq Beqab | Baqerabad | Bar Aftab | Bar Aftab | Bar Aftab-e Akbar | Bar Aftab-e Ali Momen | Bar Aftab-e Amanallah | Bar Aftab-e Chah Dowpowk | Bar Aftab-e Chel Khorasan | Bar Aftab-e Fazl | Bar Aftab-e Heydarqoli | Bar Aftab-e Kashkeli | Bar Aftab-e Olya | Bar Aftab-e Rezai | Bar Aftab-e Sadat | Bar Aftab-e Seyyedi | Bar Aftab-e Sipeh | Bar Aftab-e Sofla | Bar Aftab-e Zafari | Bar Chamun | Baraftab | Baran | Barangerd | Barat | Barbadineh | Barbugeh | Bard Azhadha | Bard Baland | Bard Gap | Bard Gapi | Bard Gola | Bard Kheymeh | Bard Qurchun | Bard Shamshir | Bard Surakh | Bard Tahdeh Seyyed Khosrow | Bard Zard | Bard Zard | Bard Zard | Bard Zard | Bard Zard | Bardaru | Bardatar Kisteh | Bardboran | Bardborani | Bard-e Gap | Bard-e Gazhdi | Bard-e Guri | Bard-e Morad Azma | Bard-e Varbeh | Bardemar | Bardemil | Bardiyeh-ye Kuchek | Bardiyeh-ye Yek | Bardla | Bardmil | Bardneshandeh | Bardneshandeh | Bardpareh-ye Hasan | Baricheh | Baricheh | Barijeh-ye Enayat | Barik Ab | Bariki Taki | Bariki-ye Hasan Qoli | Bariki-ye Mohammad Qoli | Barm Shahzadeh Abdollah | Barm-e Gavmishi-ye Seh | Barreh Deh | Baruy Emir | Baryan | Basadi-ye Hajj Barun | Basadi-ye Olya | Basadi-ye Sofla | Basatin | Bastiyeh | Baterbu | Batuli | Batvand | Bavaj | Bavrameh | Bayman Sadat | Bayman-e Ariyez | Bazar Tombi | Bazargah | Bazargarah Molla Aqa | Bazkabad | Begesi | Beh Bid | Behaban Defense Complex | Behbahan | Behesht Shahada | Behzadi | Bejak | Bekuni | Belad Motaleb-e Olya | Belad Motaleb-e Sofla | Beladiyeh | Belgarus | Beneshti | Benivar-e Olya | Benivar-e Sofla | Benivar-e Vosta | Benut-e Bala | Benut-e Pain | Benvar | Benvar | Bereychiyeh-ye Sofla | Beseytin | Beymarestan-e Rivi | Beyt-e Ashur | Beyt-e Bavi | Beyt-e Fariyeh | Beyt-e Fayil-e Do | Beyt-e Fayil-e Yek | Beyt-e Kavar | Beyt-e Khalaf | Beyt-e Maluh | Beyt-e Matlib | Beyt-e Mohareb | Beyt-e Obeyd | Beyt-e Savadi | Beyt-e Seyvan | Beyt-e Seyyed Ebrahim | Beyt-e Seyyedsavileh | Beyt-e Sharhan | Beyt-e Shukaiyeh | Beyt-e Vavi | Beyuz | Beyuz | Beyuz-e Yek | Beyzeh Tak | Bi Bi Gol Mordeh-ye Olya | Bi Bi Gol Mordeh-ye Sofla | Bid Boland | Bid Zard | Bid Zard | Bid Zard-e Asmari | Bidabad | Bidestan | Bidrubeh Pumping Stations | Bidrubeh-ye Markazi | Bidrubeh-ye Olya | Bidrubeh-ye Sofla | Bidvanarpena | Bisheh Bozan | Bisheh Dulang | Bisheh Shirin | Bisheh-e Sorkh | Bogan | Boghdak | Boheyr-e Do | Boheyr-e Olya | Boheyr-e Sofla | Boheyr-e Yek | Bokeysheh | Bokhat Alvan | Bolbolak Ab | Bon Gazalah Fatruni | Bon Honi | Bon Konar | Bon Shovar | Bonaranda | Bondurab | Bon-e Dab | Boneh Alvan | Boneh Anbar | Boneh Balut | Boneh Band | Boneh Deraz | Boneh Karuk | Boneh Lam | Boneh Shanbeh | Boneh Var-e Baba Ahmadi | Boneh Zard | Boneh-ye Abbas Ali | Boneh-ye Abbas | Boneh-ye Ajam | Boneh-ye Akhund | Boneh-ye Amir Asgar | Boneh-ye Arun | Boneh-ye Atabak | Boneh-ye Ati | Boneh-ye Azim | Boneh-ye Baba Zahed | Boneh-ye Badam | Boneh-ye Bandar | Boneh-ye Cheragh | Boneh-ye Cheragh | Boneh-ye Dasti | Boneh-ye Esmail | Boneh-ye Fakhr-e Bala | Boneh-ye Fakhr-e Pain | Boneh-ye Farhan | Boneh-ye Fathali | Boneh-ye Gach | Boneh-ye Hajat | Boneh-ye Hajji | Boneh-ye Heydar | Boneh-ye Hoseyn Kaluli | Boneh-ye Isa | Boneh-ye Jan Mohammad | Boneh-ye Kalu | Boneh-ye Karim | Boneh-ye Kazem | Boneh-ye Kazem Hajj Soltan | Boneh-ye Kazem Jamal | Boneh-ye Khiraleh | Boneh-ye Majid | Boneh-ye Meskin | Boneh-ye Mirza | Boneh-ye Mirza Aqa | Boneh-ye Mohammad Ali | Boneh-ye Molla Ahmad | Boneh-ye Morteza | Boneh-ye Murt Lakhshak | Boneh-ye Musa | Boneh-ye Nafal | Boneh-ye Naimeh | Boneh-ye Nejat | Boneh-ye Qeysar | Boneh-ye Qeytas | Boneh-ye Qobad | Boneh-ye Rahimali | Boneh-ye Rashid | Boneh-ye Sahrab | Boneh-ye Sheykh Emamqoli | Boneh-ye Shir Mohammad | Boneh-ye Sorkhi | Boneh-ye Sukhteh | Boneh-ye Teymur | Boneh-ye Zolfaqar | Boni | Boni | Bonkuh | Bonvar Hajj Nagehdar | Bonvar Hoseyn | Bonvar Shami | Boqeh-ye Do | Boqeh-ye Yek | Boreyje | Borj | Borj-e Bemuni Aqa | Borj-e Musavi | Borj-e Yusefi | Borul | Borvayeh | Borvayeh-ye Albu Aziz | Borvayeh-ye Omeyr | Borvayeh-ye Yusef | Bostan | Botliyeh | Bovirdeh | Bovirdeh Salamat | Bozab | Bozi | Bozorg Ab | Bozorg Shivand | Broadcasting Station | Bu Taheri | Bugandeh | Bugari | Bukhameh-ye Olya | Bukhameh-ye Sofla | Bukhameh-ye Vosta | Bustanak | Bustan-e Hanzal | Buzi-ye Bala | Buzi-ye Seyf Chaga Parviz | Chagah | Chagha Sorkhak | Chaghatayi | Chah Abi-ye Abu ol Qasem Ebrahimi | Chah Abi-ye Asadi Niya | Chah Abi-ye Kazem Sorkheh | Chah Abi-ye Ki Mohammad | Chah Abi-ye Latif Sorkheh | Chah Abi-ye Lulit Sorkheh | Chah Abi-ye Mazarbit Shayi | Chah Abi-ye Mortezi Nadari | Chah Abi-ye Soltan Morad Jafari | Chah Karmak | Chah Salem | Chah Shirin | Chahal Konar | Chahar Asiab | Chahar Bisheh | Chahar Bisheh | Chahar Bisheh | Chahar Darreh | Chahar Deh | Chahar Gaveh | Chahar Kulan | Chahar Marzun | Chahar Muran | Chahar Qash | Chahar Qash | Chahar Qash | Chahar Qash | Chahar Qash | Chahar Ragan | Chahar Rah-e Tombal | Chahar Tang-e Olya | Chahar Tang-e Sofla | Chahardahi-ye Asgar | Chahardahi-ye Sohrab | Chah-e Dowpowk | Chah-e Mari | Chah-e Molla Ahmad | Chah-e Pol Tuk Ab | Chah-e Reza Aqa | Chah-e Rigak | Chah-e Shirin | Chal Abza | Chal Asteran | Chal Baraftab | Chal Bardar | Chal Bardar | Chal Gach | Chal Gondam | Chal Gurab | Chal Gurab | Chal Kareh | Chal Konar | Chal Lal | Chal Meydan | Chal Mirun | Chal Qasem | Chal Rahim Ali | Chal Raki | Chal Revegeh | Chal Shah | Chal Shahrgariveh | Chal Tak-e Bala | Chal Tak-e Pain | Chalat | Chal-e Anjireh | Chal-e Balutak | Chal-e Bard | Chal-e Direh Bozorg | Chal-e Kuchek Latif Allah | Chal-e Mohammad Hoseyn-e Sofla | Chal-e Monar | Chal-e Sangha | Chaleh Tak | Cham Arab | Cham Chit | Cham Chulian | Cham Dalan | Cham Dogham | Cham Faraj | Cham Golak | Cham Hajjian | Cham Hashem-e Dehqan | Cham Kalgeh | Cham Karteh | Cham Kharnub | Cham Khazam-e Do | Cham Khazam-e Yek | Cham Konar | Cham Konar | Cham Konar | Cham Lavand | Cham Lishan | Cham Mardas | Cham Morad | Cham Nezami | Cham ol Obeyd | Cham Pol Baraftab | Cham Qasemali-ye Yek | Cham Rahman | Cham Reyhan | Cham Seyyed Mohammad | Cham Sureh | Cham Tang | Cham Tangu | Cham Ti | Cham Tineh | Cham Tuyileh | Cham | Cham | Chaman Laleh | Chaman | Chamban | Chambareh | Chambeh | Cham-e Ali Aqa | Cham-e Anayeh | Cham-e Araban Do | Cham-e Dehqan | Cham-e Eshag | Cham-e Gerdab | Cham-e Hashem | Cham-e Mahavi | Cham-e Menaf | Cham-e Seyyed Latif | Cham-e Siah | Cham-e Sobbi | Chamian | Chamim | Chamm ol Hamid | Chamran | Chamtar Khan-e Olya | Chamtar Khan-e Sofla | Chamum-e Bughar | Chamum-e Khar Maarak | Changavareh | Chanibeh-ye Do | Chanibeh-ye Yek | Chapkuh | Charat | Chareh | Chargeli | Charku | Charuf | Chashni Dan | Chavani Ab Bahar | Chavibdeh | Chay Avafi | Chay Sudan | Chay Varsham | Chebseh-ye Bozorg | Chebseh-ye Kuchek | Chegarman | Chegarman-e Gholamhoseyn | Chegha Cheshmeh | Chegha Dowsar | Chegha Meleh | Chehchel | Chehel Mani | Chehel Tanan | Chehjam | Chel Bozi | Chel Gasheh | Chel Malgeh | Chel Rubah | Chel Shah Hashem | Chel Shah Heydar Aqa | Chelban | Chel-e Harumlaqabad | Chelisad | Chelun | Chelvir | Chenar | Chenarestan | Chendar | Cheru | Cheshmeh Ab | Cheshmeh Abdollah | Cheshmeh Ab-e Neya | Cheshmeh Ali-ye Kayedan | Cheshmeh Badir | Cheshmeh Chelvar | Cheshmeh Dasht | Cheshmeh Gorgi | Cheshmeh Haqqi | Cheshmeh Inaq | Cheshmeh Khatun | Cheshmeh Morad | Cheshmeh Rugheni | Cheshmeh Sheykh | Cheshmeh Shirin | Cheshmeh Shirin | Cheshmeh Shirin | Cheshmeh Zaluvak | Cheshmeh-ye Cham Nezami | Cheshmeh-ye Leyraki | Cheshmeh-ye Zanan | Chezi-ye Olya | Chichali Ahmad | Chichali Gholamreza | Chidan | Chin Owlak | Chin-e Ruzah | Chini | Chit Anbeh | Chiti | Chiveh | Chizandan | Chogha Sorkh | Chogha Zanbil | Choghamish | Chol Chol Chal | Chol Chol Darreh | Cholchelak | Choli | Choveys-e Do | Choveys-e Seh | Choveys-e Yek | Chub Ab | Chub Sorkh | Chul Chapi | Chul Khoshk | Chul Zeyar | Chul | Chulak Rizak | Chulaki | Chulaki | Chulaneh | Chumeh Tupchi Masjid | Chumeh-ye Khazaliyeh | Chumeh-ye Kuchak | Chumeh-ye Seyyed Alvan | Chuzah | Chuzu Dab Amir | Dabuhiyeh | Dada | Dafar-e Olya | Dafterkureh-ye Hay Beniadmeskan | Dageh Meshki | Daghagheleh | Daghagheleh | Daham | Dahimi-ye Do | Dahimi-ye Do | Dahimi-ye Seh | Dahimi-ye Yek | Dahimi-ye Yek | Dal | Dalan | Dalas | Dalgeh | Dali Owlad Mohammad Hoseyn | Dali Padiguleh | Dali | Daliran | Dalu Zahra | Dam Ab | Dam Ab | Dam Ab-e Kashan | Dam Aftab | Dam Barik | Dam Boz | Dam Tang Chendar Chavil | Damdari-ye Gholam Ali Hoveyzi | Damdez | Dameh | Dameshgaft | Damgheh-ye Bozorg | Damgheh-ye Kuchek | Damtang | Damtang-e Putu | Dar Alai | Dar Bahareh | Darak | Daravizeh | Darb | Darb Kazem | Darband-e Gharbi | Darbar | Darb-e Abu ol Abbas | Darb-e Shesh Ab | Darbeh-ye Gharibi | Darchal | Darchali | Dargi | Darhupal | Dari Dun | Darihak | Darisiyeh-ye Olya | Darisiyeh-ye Sofla | Darisiyeh-ye Vosta | Darkhazineh | Darkhoveyn | Darkul Darhuni | Darmeleh | Darmodi | Darnaruk | Darreh Abineh | Darreh Ahvazi | Darreh Alikhun | Darreh Anar | Darreh Banehha | Darreh Barik | Darreh Barik | Darreh Bazar | Darreh Bid | Darreh Bonyab | Darreh Buri | Darreh Chineh | Darreh Dazi | Darreh Dozdan | Darreh Dun | Darreh Dun | Darreh Eshgaft | Darreh Eshgaft | Darreh Eshkaft-e Sarak | Darreh Gharib | Darreh Goli | Darreh Jehud | Darreh Kat | Darreh Khal Kambu | Darreh Khar Zahreh | Darreh Khasi | Darreh Khoshk | Darreh Khoshk | Darreh Khoshk-e Hatemvand | Darreh Khoshk-e Jafarvand | Darreh Khun-e Faleh | Darreh Lir | Darreh Lirgeh | Darreh Murd | Darreh Ney | Darreh Ney | Darreh Ney-ye Olya | Darreh Ney-ye Sofla | Darreh Ney-ye Vosta | Darreh Pahn | Darreh Pir | Darreh Qaleh | Darreh Qir | Darreh Qobad | Darreh Shur | Darreh Silow | Darreh Sohrab | Darreh Tak Darkhalk | Darreh Tu Nem Nemi | Darreh Tu-ye Olya | Darreh Zang | Darreh Zang | Darreh Zard | Darreh Zeydi | Darreh-ye Ab | Darreh-ye Arabha | Darreh-ye Banak | Darreh-ye Banvar | Darreh-ye Barik | Darreh-ye Bariki | Darreh-ye Baruk | Darreh-ye Behzad | Darreh-ye Chinayi | Darreh-ye Chul Zeyvah | Darreh-ye Darvish Mordeh | Darreh-ye Eshkaft-e Alikhown | Darreh-ye Gachi Ab Beydi | Darreh-ye Gachi Ab Deyfeh | Darreh-ye Gachi | Darreh-ye Gandoli | Darreh-ye Garm | Darreh-ye Garmabeh | Darreh-ye Gavmish | Darreh-ye Gayelan | Darreh-ye Gaz | Darreh-ye Gholam Hoseyn | Darreh-ye Haluni | Darreh-ye Jafar | Darreh-ye Karteh | Darreh-ye Katasezar | Darreh-ye Khalk | Darreh-ye Kuh Surag | Darreh-ye Lebad | Darreh-ye Lirgeh Durak | Darreh-ye Na | Darreh-ye Pir | Darreh-ye Qila Ali Mohammad | Darreh-ye Qila Tahemasbi | Darreh-ye Qir | Darreh-ye Rizi | Darreh-ye Talkh | Darreh-ye Tangar | Darreh-ye Zirfardivand | Darunak | Darvish Ahmad | Darvish Saidi | Darvishabad | Darvishan | Darvishan-e Yek | Darvishi | Darvishiyeh | Daryas | Darzard | Dasht Avzar | Dasht Mal | Dasht-e Bozorg | Dasht-e Denayik | Dasht-e Gol | Dasht-e Gorgan | Dasht-e Laleh | Dasht-e Roba | Dashti-ye Hoseyn Aqa | Dasmurt | Dast Kortan | Dast-e Ney | Davazdah Emam | Davudabad | Dayer | Deh Balai | Deh Bar | Deh Bisheh-ye Olya | Deh Darbeh | Deh Dari | Deh Di | Deh Gah | Deh Gah | Deh Gharati | Deh Iji | Deh Kian | Deh Kohneh-e Dowbalutan | Deh Kohneh-ye Muzarm | Deh Murd | Deh Now | Deh Now | Deh Now-ye Kizavak | Deh Rakhda | Deh Sir | Dehbar | Dehdez | Deh-e Alireza | Deh-e Ashkanan | Deh-e Chal | Deh-e Daran | Deh-e Darreh | Deh-e Dik | Deh-e Ebrahim | Deh-e Howz | Deh-e Julan | Deh-e Kohneh | Deh-e Miran | Deh-e Molla Bozorg | Deh-e Molla Kuchek | Deh-e Now | Deh-e Now | Deh-e Nowruz | Deh-e Saria | Deh-e Seyyed Ahmad | Deh-e Seyyed Ali | Deh-e Sheykh | Dehgah | Dehgah-e Gaheshlun | Dehgah-e Lalmir | Dehgah-e Shomareh-ye Do | Dehgah-e Tapi | Dehkadeh | Dehlaviyeh | Dehliz | Dehliz-e Do | Dehliz-e Yek | Dehloran | Dehnow | Dehyur | Dehzanun | Dej Marij | Dela | Deleh Chenar | Deli | Delli-ye Cheman | Delli-ye Mohsaleh Aqa | Delli-ye Solmavand | Derareh-ye Fathollah | Deraz Darreh | Derb-e Murgah | Derb-e Ruz Ali | Deykudarkhalk | Deylam | Deylam-e Jadid | Deylam-e Olya | Deym Ebn-e Najm | Deymeh Kamar | Deymehtoru | Deymeh-ye Dagher | Deymeh-ye Kuchek | Deymeh-ye Yaqub | Deyowni | Dezab | Dezekan | Dezful | Didar Qoli | Didargah-e Olya | Didargah-e Sofla | Didgah-e Alamun | Diduni | Dikdan | Dilam Dasht | Dimeh Darb | Dimeh-ye Ban Said | Dimeh-ye Karim | Dimeh-ye Shakraleh | Dimgeh-ye Tang Chavil | Dimu | Do Ab | Do Ab-e Huran | Do Balutan | Do Balutan | Do Band | Do Gacheh | Do Gacheh | Do Gush | Do Gush | Do Kuhak | Do Piran | Do Piran | Do Rahi-ye Eslamabad | Dobb-e Hardan | Dobb-e Moleyhem | Dobb-e Said | Dohul | Doleh Yaraleh | Dolfiyeh | Dovvom Deh | Dow Dangeh-ye Bozorg | Dow Dangeh-ye Kuchak | Dowbalutan-e Khadarsarekh | Dowlatabad | Dowlatabad | Dowrun | Dowshalvari | Dowtu | Duderun | Dul Dava | Dul Jafar | Dul Siah | Dul Taher | Dul Tak | Dul Zangi | Dul-e Gap | Dulgan | Dulijan | Duneh | Duparun | Dupuk Ansari | Durak Zenan-e Olya | Durak Zenan-e Sofla | Durak | Durak | Duri Kal | Durmunak | Durtu | Durudeh Ebadat-e Do | Ebadat-e Yek | Ebrahim | Edrisi-ye Olya | Edrisi-ye Sofla | Egleh | Eidi Mordeh-ye Bala | Eidi Mordeh-ye Pain | Eleyas | Elhayi | Em Agaleh Maravaneh | Em Agaleh Seyyed Sabus | Emam Reza | Emam Safi | Emam-e Seh | Emamzadeh Abdollah | Emamzadeh Baba Ahmad | Emamzadeh Bowyer | Emamzadeh Emir Hazer | Emamzadeh Khazar | Emamzadeh Mohammad | Emamzadeh Seyyed Qasem | Emamzadeh Seyyed Taher | Emamzadeh Shahzadeh Abdollah | Emamzadeh-ye Baba Lang | Emamzadeh-ye Seyyed Hadi | Emamzadeh-ye Seyyed Piran | Enayati-ye Bala | Enayati-ye Paeen | Enayati-ye Vasat | Esfandiar | Eshgaft-e Baba Mir | Eshgaft-e Baraftab | Eshgaft-e Gav | Eshgaft-e Jamushi | Eshgaft-e Kahdun | Eshgaft-e Khorma | Eshgaft-e Mamadali Khan | Eshgaft-e Mona | Eshgaft-e Tavileh | Eshgaft-e Zard | Eshgoft-e Legji | Eshkaft-e Pahlu | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad | Eslamabad-e Do | Eslamabad-e Olya | Eslamabad-e Sofla | Esmail | Esmailiyeh-ye Do | Esmailiyeh-ye Yek | Estak | Estil | Eyleh-ye Yek | Eyn Korreh | Eyn ol Mejibel | Eyn ol Zaman | Eyn-e Do | Eyn-e Haddad | Eyn-e Hammad | Eyn-e Yebareh | Eyshan Fahad | Falat | Faleh | Faleh-e Sarqaleh | Falihi | Falij Dunar | Farahan Kabar | Farahani | Faraj Divan | Farajabad | Farajabad | Faramarz | Fargh Zayer | Farhadabad | Farheh | Farhudiyeh | Farrokh Pey | Fars and Khuzestan Cement Plant | Farsiat-e Bozorg | Farsiat-e Kuchek | Farsiyeh | Farsiyeh | Farsiyeh-ye Do | Faryab-e Masjid | Farzad va Kahzad | Fathabad | Fathabad | Fathi | Fayazi | Fay-e Seyyed Mohammad | Fayyazabad | Fay-ye Hajj Aghbary | Fay-ye Sofla | Fazleh | Feliyeh | Fenikhi | Ferdowsabad | Fereyduni | Fergeh | Feyay | Feyyeh-ye Shavardi | Feyzollah | Filab | Firuzabad | Firuzabad | Firuzabad | Fozeyli Gach Gorsa | Gach Khalaj | Gachestan | Gachestan | Gachestan | Gachgan | Gad-e Kuh | Gahen-e Shavamel | Galal | Galalak | Galeh Bardar | Galeh Chogah | Galeh Har | Galeh Shah | Galleh Chendar | Galleh Dasht Lir | Galleh Gah | Galleh Gah | Galleh Khar | Galleh Sorkh | Galleh Vari | Galleh Zar | Galleh-ye Meshk | Gam Kufeh | Gambueh-ye Bozorg | Gambueh-ye Kuchek | Gameh Tarap | Gamghol-e Bala | Gamghol-e Pain | Gamnab | Gandalzar | Gandikar | Gandomriz | Gandomriz | Ganjabad | Gar Kandi | Gara | Garab | Garab-e Olya | Garak | Garavand-e Sofla | Garbalut | Gardab-e Do | Gardab-e Yek | Gardan Taq | Gardesh | Gardkhaneh | Garduk-e Darreh-ye Pir | Garetin | Gargar-e Sofla | Gargari-ye Olya | Gargari-ye Sofla | Gargeh | Garishiyeh | Garmabad | Garmamir-e Bala | Garmeh | Garmeh-ye Khorusi | Garmez-e Olya | Garmez-e Sofla | Garmirkush | Garmtun | Garteshmal Talkor | Gasti | Gat | Gav Sukhteh | Gavdaran-e Sofla | Gavdari-ye Hajj Reza Nasirian | Gavdari-ye Hormozi | Gavkadeh | Gavkhoft | Gavmir | Gavmishabad | Gavmishabad | Gavmishabad | Gavmishabad-e Sharqi | Gavmishabad-e Sheykh Hosun | Gaz-e Barmakan | Gazegah | Gazestan | Gazin | Gazir-e Vosta | Gelalak | Gelalak | Geleh | Geraiyeh | Gerd Bisheh | Gerdab | Germat | Gesvan-e Do | Gesvan-e Seh | Gesvan-e Yek | Getrani | Geydari | Gezeli-ye Olya | Gezeli-ye Sofla | Ghadir Habseh | Ghadir-e Sab | Ghafaleh Ja | Ghafel | Ghalim | Ghanem | Ghanemiyeh-ye Isa | Gharabad | Gharganeh | Gharganeh | Gharib-e Deylam-e Sofla | Ghasha va Shiryul | Ghazaleh-ye Do | Ghazaviyeh-ye Bozorg | Ghazaviyeh-ye Kuchek | Ghazban | Ghazbaniyeh | Gheyb Ben Ali | Gheysiyeh | Gheyzaniyeh-ye Bozorg | Ghiazi | Ghofeyleh | Ghol Gholab Balayi | Gholam Hoseyn-e Hafezi | Gholamali | Gholamreza | Ghomijeh | Ghorabi | Ghoreybeh | Ghoveyleh-ye Naqed | Ghoveyleh-ye Sadat | Ghovil | Ghuleh-ye Olya | Gilan | Giveh Doran | Gobeyr | Gobeyr-e Do | Gobeyr-e Seh | Gobeyr-e Yek | Gobeyr-e Zahir | Godar Chiti | Godar Pahn | Gohar | Gol Aspidi | Gol Gonjan | Gol Mohak | Gol Sefid | Gol Sefid | Golabundan-e Olya | Golabundan-e Sofla | Golbahar | Golestan | Golestan | Golgir | Goli Khun | Golkapargeh | Golkhaneh | Golzar Shahiday-e Shush | Golzar | Gombazun | Gomyek-e Olya | Gomyek-e Sofla | Gomyek-e Vosta | Gonbad | Gonbadlaran | Gondamakar | Gondek-e Hasan | Gondek-e Isa | Gondek-e Seh | Gor Gor | Gordlidan | Gorg Ali Hasan | Gorgeh | Goriz-e Karidi | Goriziyeh | Gosad | Goteysh | Gotvand | Gowd Gach-e Olya | Gowd Gach-e Sofla | Gowd-e Azhdar | Gowdtalfan | Gudanjir | Gudgel Chavil | Gur Khar | Gur Parviz | Gur Sharan | Gurab Dagchi | Gurab | Gurab | Gurab | Gurab-e Sorkh | Gur-e Hasanali | Guri | Guriyeh | Gurkani Arpena | Gursharan Owsta | Gusheh | Gushkohneh | Gut Muri | Gut Sorkheh | Guyileh | Guz Bilva Hajji Nasrallah Hababeh-ye Olya | Hababeh-ye Sofla | Hababeh-ye Vosta | Habaiyeh | Habchiyeh | Habibabad | Habibabad | Habibabad-e Sofla | Habishi | Hadameh-ye Olya | Hadameh-ye Vosta | Hadbeh | Haddam-e Do | Haddam-e Yek | Hadi Khani | Hadi | Hadiabad | Hadid | Haffar | Haffar-e Sharqi | Haft Cheshmeh | Haft Shahidan | Haft Tappeh | Haftkel | Hajj Abdeh Mohammad | Hajj Abid | Hajj Ali Hiki | Hajj Hasan Nisi Pumping Station | Hajj Karim | Hajj Khassaf | Hajj Mariyeh | Hajj Mazarb | Hajj Salar | Hajjati | Hajj-e Saleh-e Lusi | Hajji Aqa | Hajji Gharib | Hajji Javad | Hajji Kamal | Hajji Malek | Hajji Moharab | Hajjiabad | Hajjiabad | Hajjiabad | Hajjiabad | Hajjiyeh | Halaf-e Do | Halaf-e Seh | Halaf-e Yek | Halaleh-ye Manzel | Halkun | Halveh | Halvehhani | Hamad | Hamadan Seljeh | Hamid Assad Khan | Hamidabad | Hamidabad | Hamidan | Hamidaniyeh | Hamidi | Hamidiyeh | Hamidiyeh | Hamireh | Hamisheh Behar | Hammad | Hammam | Hamud-e Asi | Hamudi | Hamudi-ye Sadun | Hamuleh | Hamzeh | Hamzeh-ye Olya | Hamzeh-ye Sofla | Hanatiyeh | Hanishiyeh | Hanushi | Hanzaleh | Harbayeh-ye Shalageh | Harbazchellow | Hargazi | Hargenush | Hariyeh | Harkaleh | Harkaleh-ye Mohammad Jafar | Harkaleh-ye Mohammadabad | Harkaleh-ye Monari | Hasan Ali Darreh Forkh | Hasan Hajji | Hasan Heydar | Hasan Qoli Khan | Hasan Tayyeb | Hasanabad | Hasanabad | Hasanabad-e Tangeh Mu | Hasan-e Mazlum | Hasasaneh-ye Bala | Hasasaneh-ye Pain | Hashcheh-ye Makineh | Hashcheh-ye Olya | Hashcheh-ye Sofla | Hati | Havir | Hayatabad-e Khalifeh | Hayatabad-e Majidi | Hayaviyeh | Hazarat Ali | Hazbeh | Heddeh | Helleh va Delleh | Hendijan | Herbow | Hesamabad | Hesar | Heydarabad | Heydarabad | Heydar-e Karrar | Hezar Mani-ye Olya | Hezar Mani-ye Sofla | Hezar Mashki | Hezardin | Hezarmishi | Hobeysh | Hodbeh | Hofeyreh-ye Seyyedsharaf | Hofireh | Hofireh-ye Hajji Barbeyn | Hofireh-ye Olya | Hofireh-ye Sofla | Holokivah | Homeyla | Honeyri-ye Do | Honeyri-ye Seh | Honeyri-ye Yek | Horeh-ye Agul-e Bala | Horijeh | Hormozan-e Khazal | Hormozan-e Sadun | Horr | Horrat ol Abbas | Horriyeh | Hoseyn Aqa | Hoseyn Beygi | Hoseyn Dahish | Hoseyn Farakhi | Hoseyn Ghalayem | Hoseyn Khun | Hoseyn Mashlush | Hoseyn Nahaz | Hoseyn Qoli | Hoseynabad | Hoseynabad | Hoseynabad | Hoseynabad | Hoseynabad | Hoseynabad | Hoseynabad-e Sheykh | Hoseyni | Hoseyniyeh | Hoseyniyeh-ye Hamad | Hoseyniyeh-ye Khazir | Hoseyniyeh-ye Mashkur | Hoseyniyeh-ye Mir Shenan | Hoseyniyeh-ye Olya | Hoveyleh | Hoveysh | Hoveysh-e Jadid | Hoveysh-e Neys | Hoveyzeh | Howngeh-ye Pain | Howz Gel | Hufel | Hufel | Hufel-e Gharbi | Hufel-e Seyyed Hamad | Hufel-e Sharqi | Huni Sefid | Hureh Emir | Hureh | Husha Sorkh Industrial Estate | Industrial Estate | Industrial Park | Integrated Agricultural Cooperatives | Integrated Recreational Camps | Iraqi Refugee Camp | IRIB Transmitting Station | Ispareh | Istadegi | Istgah-e Balarud | Istgah-e Dowkuheh | Istgah-e Gor Gor | Istgah-e Khosravi | Istgah-e Mazu | Istgah-e Rah Ahan-e Haft Tappeh | Istgah-e Rah Ahan-e Shush | Istgah-e Sabz Ab | Izeh Ja Ordu | Jaaveleh | Jabarakab | Jabbar Abd ol Emam | Jaberabad | Jaberi | Jabrabad | Jachadareha | Jadvalkun | Jafar Qoli | Jafarabad | Jafarabad | Jafar-e Sadeq | Jafari-ye Shebeshi | Jaffal | Jaffal-e Olya | Jafir | Jafir-e Do | Jagh-e Kutak | Jahangerd | Jahangir | Jahangiri | Jahangiri-ye Olya | Jahangiri-ye Sofla | Jahanshahi | Jaju | Jajui-ye Olya | Jajui-ye Sofla | Jalaliyeh Jonubi | Jalaliyeh Shomali | Jalieh | Jalil Chenani Pumping Station | Jalizav | Jalizi-ye Abdolreza | Jalizi-ye Hanzaleh | Jam | Jamal Jahan | Jamalabad | Jameh | Jan Ali | Janagi | Jangal Kuh | Jangeh | Jannat Makan | Jannat Makan | Jariyeh-e Seyyed Mohammad | Jariyeh-ye Seyyed Musa | Jaru | Jassaniyeh-ye Bozorg | Jassaniyeh-ye Kuchek | Jateh | Javad-e Seyyedi | Jayezan | Jayezan-e Kohneh | Jazbeh | Jazestan Pareh | Jazestan | Jazestun | Jazireh | Jeh Jeh | Jehjeh | Jelieh | Jelogir | Jijil | Jira | Jiri-ye Olya | Jiri-ye Sofla | Jodeydeh | Joghghal-e Aviyeh | Joghghal-e Khvayeh | Jongiyeh | Jorgeh-ye Seyyed Ali | Jovi-ye Majid | Jow Kanak | Jowkar | Jowkar | Jowkar-e Hiyyat | Jubaji | Jugandi | Jughband | Juhi | Julahi | Julaki | Juler | Jurvand Kabak Mohammad Reza | Kabutaran | Kabutargeran | Kabutari | Kabutari | Kademeh | Kadim | Kaediyeh | Kaeydeh | Kafisheh | Kaft Chahvar | Kaft Galleh Duk | Kaft Hacheh | Kaft-e Galeh Vari | Kahbad-e Do | Kahbad-e Yek | Kahrak | Kahriz | Kahrla | Kahshur-e Ali Nazer | Kahshur-e Davud Ali | Kahshur-e Olya | Kahshur-e Sofla | Kaj Kolah | Kakarud | Kal Ahmadi | Kal Bid | Kal Chenar | Kal Chevil | Kal Duzakh-e Do | Kal Duzakh-e Yek | Kal Jahan | Kal Karanj | Kal Khongak-e Bozorg | Kal Khungestan | Kal Khvajeh | Kal Khvajeh-ye Sofla | Kal Mohammad Hoseyn | Kal Narges | Kal Narges-e Karanj | Kal | Kal | Kalak Khan | Kalbali Arab | Kal-e Babadi | Kal-e Boland | Kal-e Chunek | Kal-e Naqd Ali | Kalgadarreh-ye Do | Kalgadarreh-ye Yek | Kalgah Chavil | Kalgeh | Kalgeh Zar | Kalkal | Kalkhengak | Kalleh Pir | Kalleh Sir | Kalleh Zarb | Kalleh-ye Siah | Kalleh-ye Yari | Kalmat-e Shalu | Kalni | Kaltandar-e Olya | Kaltandar-e Sofla | Kaluseh | Kamar Ab | Kamar Deraz | Kamarsheh Seyyedi Dallah | Kambu | Kambu | Kami | Kamp-e Abbas | Kamp-e Saddez | Kamtuleh-ye Shahriari | Kamtuleh-ye Yusefabad | Kan Gonjeshki | Kandgah | Kanegrun | Kangarestan | Kani | Kanjigan | Karanj | Karanj | Karbalai Qasemali | Karchel | Kardef | Kareh Kang | Kareh Pa | Kareh | Karfanj | Karg Ab | Karidi | Karim Khalaf | Karim Moharab | Karim Musa | Karimabad | Karimabad | Karimabad | Karimabad | Karimabad | Karimabad | Karimdowlati | Karim-e Saleh | Karjamal Niyaz Ali | Karkaran | Karta | Kartaz | Kartel | Karuk | Karun Agroindustry | Karvansara | Kash Kuk | Kat Bosteh | Kat Kiyars | Kataf-e Nashalil | Katak | Kav Almun | Kavakeb | Kavater | Kavus-e Hamdan | Kaydan | Kayid Ali Khan | Kazem Hamd | Kazem-e Heydar | Kazem-e Mohammad | Kazemi-ye Do | Kazemi-ye Khalaf | Kazemi-ye Yek | Keft Gol Anbar | Keft Kalkhanek | Keftegalleh | Kehshur Asgar Babai | Kelabaruk | Kelasmadin-e Do | Kelasmadin-e Yek | Keli Malek | Kenarbaghcheh | Kerm-e Kuh | Kerm-e Zard | Kesar | Keshtargah | Ketf-e Gusheh | Ketf-e Zeytun | Keykavus | Keyup | Khadijeh | Khadijeh | Khafur | Khalaf Aziz | Khalaf-e Mosallam | Khalafiat | Khalifeh-ye Heydar | Khalilabad | Khalteh | Kham Kar | Kham Karabad-e Galleh Tavak | Khamas | Khamasi | Khan Koshteh | Khaniabad | Khanileh | Khar Farih-e Olya | Khar Farih-e Sofla | Kharabeh-ye Sadat | Kharestan-e Olya | Kharestan-e Sofla | Kharman Jasukhteh | Kharmizan | Khashab | Khashab | Khashan | Khasheh | Khasraj-e Beyt-e Qashem | Khasraj-e Khalaf | Khasraj-e Mezban | Khasraj-e Owdeh | Khasraj-e Razi Mohammad | Khassafiat | Khavar-e Seyyed Khalaf | Khayiz | Khazalabad | Khazaliyeh | Khazami | Khazar-e Do | Khazar-e Seh | Khazar-e Yek | Khazineh | Khazineh-ye Olya | Khaziriat | Khenziri | Kher Khereh | Khersheh | Kheyrabad | Kheyrabad-e Gohar | Kheyrabad-e Sani | Kheyt ol Rovas | Kheyt | Kheyt | Kheyt-e Amareh | Kheyt-e Omm ol Heyal | Kheyt-e Sobian-e Olya | Kheyt-e Sobian-e Sofla | Kheyt-e Zobeyd | Khezeriyeh | Khimeh Gah | Khimeh Ja | Khobeyneh-ye Olya | Khobeyneh-ye Sofla | Khoda Karam | Khomeyn | Khomeys | Khomos | Khong Azhdar | Khong Azhdar-e Ali Ayavel | Khong Kamalvand | Khong Karam Alivand | Khong Yar Alivand | Khonog | Khoreybeh | Khorramshahr | Khorusi-ye Jonubi | Khorusi-ye Shomali | Khosraviyeh | Khosrow | Khosrow | Khoveynes | Khoveyseh | Khoveyseh | Khovis | Khovis Factories | Khowzineh-ye Bala | Khowzineh-ye Baqer | Khush Murd | Khushiar | Khvajeh Anvar | Khvajeh Khezr | Khvajeh Mordeh | Khvajehabad | Ki Geh | Kilanj | Kimeh | Kireh Kollah Badi | Kireh Yek | Kiruh | Kofeysheh | Koheysh | Kohleh-ye Do | Kohleh-ye Yek | Kohnab | Kohnab | Kohnab-e Bala | Kohnab-e Vasat | Kohnak | Kohneh Bahrami | Kol Kuh Sardar | Kolesheh | Kombardeh | Konar Dun-e Olya | Konar Dun-e Sofla | Konar Helaleh | Konar Pir | Konar-e Hashtlik | Kondek-e Khanjar | Konfeh | Konjadkar | Konjed Kar | Kor | Korai-ye Olya | Korai-ye Sofla | Kordestan-e Bozorg | Kordestan-e Kuchek | Koreyt-e Borumi | Kornas | Korreh Siah-e Shirin | Korreh Siah-e Talkh | Kowsar | Kowsareh | Kuchkun | Kuh Borideh Shelal | Kuh Gandom | Kuh Zar | Kuh-e Zir | Kuheh-ye Do | Kuheh-ye Yek | Kuhran | Kuki | Kukianurabad | Kul Bazan-e Yek | Kul Chenar | Kul Huni | Kul Kandi | Kul Kharan | Kul Khodadad | Kul Murd | Kul Papa | Kul Shahu | Kul Si | Kul Sira | Kul Sorkh | Kul Sorkh-e Lirasad | Kul Tak Durak | Kul Terk | Kulak-e Bordabal | Kulan | Kul-e Jaz | Kul-e Shah | Kuleh Jaz | Kuli Alikhan | Kuli Alireza | Kuli Bakhtiari | Kuli Khoda Karam | Kuli Rostam | Kulizeh Jaber | Kulor | Kun Gazhdomi | Kun Sorkh | Kunak | Kungerdeh | Kupiteh Industrial Estate | Kureh-ye Gach Pazi | Kuri | Kushk Darreh | Kushk | Kushkak | Kushkak-e Kushk | Kushk-e Aqa Jan | Kushki Do | Kutak-e Jajji Aqa | Kutak-e Mohammad Karim | Kut-e Abdollah | Kut-e Hashem | Kut-e Mahna | Kut-e Navaser | Kut-e Said | Kut-e Seyyed Enayat | Kut-e Seyyed Naim | Kut-e Seyyed Saleh | Kut-e Seyyed Soltan | Kut-e Shannuf | Kut-e Sheykh | Kuy-e Montazeri | Kuy-e Vali Aser Laanar | Lab Kadreh | Lab Sefid-e Olya | Lab Sefid-e Sofla | Labab | Lab-e Rud | Laderaz | Laderazi | Lagelal-e Nurabad | Laghi | Lagolzar | Lah Bid | Lahbid | Lahemir | Lakabad | Lakhoshk | Lakom | Lakurgan | Lalab | Lalandermuri | Lalar | Lali | Lali-ye Yek | Lamarduni | Landeh | Lang Varkshi | Langar-e Jadid | Langar-e Qadim | Lapui-ye Do | Lapui-ye Yek | Larem | Larm | Larm | Larzandan | Lasbid | Lashgargah | Lasu | Latia | Latif | Lazeh | Leylah | Limuchi | Lir Kuyu-ye Now | Lir Sorkhi | Lirab | Lirbiziyeh | Lirda | Lirharan | Lirik | Lirkhun | Lirshiran | Lirsiah-e Muzarm | Lirsiah-e Shapuri | Lirzard | Lishasi | Lives | Lizi | Longir-e Olya | Longir-e Sofla | Longir-e Vosta | Loran | Lotfabad | Lotfabad | Lovai | Lowlow | Ludan | Ludarreh | Lukora Machriyeh | Madan Namak | Madeh Kuhi | Madinat | Madineh | Mafgeh | Maftan | Magah Taneh Abul | Magah Taneh Morad | Magarnat-e Do | Magarnat-e Seh | Magarnat-e Yek | Magasis | Magtaf | Magteyeber | Magtu | Magtu | Mah Now | Mah Sonboli | Mahamid | Mahareb | Mahdiyeh | Mahmid | Mahmud Ali | Mahmud Khan | Mahmudabad | Mahmudabad | Mahmudabad-e Gomar | Mahreh Dun | Mahrugi-ye Olya | Mahrugi-ye Sofla | Mahshahr Large Integrated Livestock | Mahshahr Radio Station | Mahshi | Mahur Berenji-ye Olya | Mahur Berenji-ye Sofla | Mahur | Mahur-e Chah Gandali | Majid Abdollah | Majid Zamedi | Majnun | Makaniyeh-ye Salahaviyeh | Makineh-ye Bahrani | Makineh-ye Ebrahim | Makineh-ye Khar Farih | Maksar | Maksar-e Magatif | Maksar-e Olya | Maksar-e Sofla | Maksar-e Vosta | Mal Aqa | Malakeh | Mal-e Kayid | Maleheh | Malek Morad | Malekeh Duzaqeh | Maleki | Malekiyeh-ye Gharbi | Malekiyeh-ye Olya | Malekiyeh-ye Sofla | Malekiyeh-ye Vosta | Malich-e Bozorg | Malich-e Kuchek | Maliget | Malihan | Maliheh Kut-e Sad | Maliheh Olumi | Maliheh-ye Do | Maliheh-ye Hajj Badr | Maliheh-ye Sadun | Maliheh-ye Sharqi | Maliheh-ye Yek | Maliheh-ye Yek | Mallah | Malsaidi-ye Olya | Malsaidi-ye Sofla | Malviran | Mamatin-e Olya | Mamatin-e Sofla | Mamili | Mamlah-ye Olya | Man Seyr | Manazel Sazmani | Mandani | Mandeh Ab | Mandeniabad | Maneyshad | Mangelas-e Bozorg | Mangelas-e Kuchak | Mangushi | Manhush | Mani Yar | Manjir | Manki | Mansur Beygi | Mansurabad | Mansureh-ye Kanin | Mansureh-ye Mazi | Mansureh-ye Olya | Mansureh-ye Sadat | Mansuri | Mansuriyeh | Mansuriyeh-ye Do | Mansuriyeh-ye Sadat | Mansuriyeh-ye Seh | Mansuriyeh-ye Yek | Maqate | Maqtu-e Olya | Maqtu-e Sofla | Maqtu-e Vosta | Maraghiyeh | Marashi | Maravaneh | Maraveneh-ye Chahar | Maraveneh-ye Do | Maraveneh-ye Seh | Maraveneh-ye Yek | Marbachcheh | Mared | Margha | Marghdari-ye Debagh | Mari | Marireh | Markaz-e Garm | Marun Seh | Marun-e Jayezan | Marzeh | Masharageh | Mashgiri | Mashhad | Mashhadi Mohammad | Mashhadi | Mashi | Mashirijeh | Mashkar | Mashlush | Masiniyeh-ye Olya | Masiniyeh-ye Sofla | Masiri | Masjed Soleyman | Maslavi | Masseh Shavyi Satudeh | Mast Pi | Masudi Al Safar | Masudi | Masudi-ye Do | Matleb | Matui | Maveh | Maveh | Mavi-ye Olya | Mavi-ye Sofla | Mayi Bas | Mazal Zamedi | Mazal | Mazandeh | Mazarandeh | Mazban | Mazeh Gargasht | Mazeh Najaf | Mazeh Pariyab | Mazeh Qola | Mazeh Sarvemam Qoli | Mazer Ab Anari | Mazibaleh-ye Lafiteh | Mazibaleh-ye Sofla | Mazmaz | Mazraeh | Mazraeh-ye Baharvand | Mazraeh-ye Dariush Baharvand Ahmadi | Mazraeh-ye Do | Mazraeh-ye Harizat | Mazraeh-ye Seyyed Choragh | Mazraeh-ye Shahid Matahri | Mazraeh-ye Sheykh Jameh | Mazraeh-ye Shobali | Mazraeh-ye Yek | Mazravi | Mazu | Medad | Mehdi Seyyed Anayt | Mehdiabad | Mehdiabad | Mehdiabad | Mehdiabad-e Kalak Shuran | Mehrab | Mehrabad | Mehrabad | Mehranan | Mehranan-e Heydari | Melleh-ye Abu ol Abbas | Melleh-ye Gurab | Menareh Barangerd | Menazel Sazmani | Meshelsheh-ye Olya | Meshelsheh-ye Sofla | Meydan Tarreh Barahvaz | Meydan | Meydanak-e Qaleh-ye Dezh | Meydan-e Khodaverdi | Meydan-e Tayyareh | Meydavud-e Olya | Meydavud-e Sofla | Meydavud-e Vosta | Meynun | Mezlageh-ye Sofla | Mian Ab | Mian Bisheh | Mian Chak-e Talkor | Mian Galalan | Mian Kal | Mian Kalahun | Miangaran | Miangaran-e Olya | Miangaran-e Sofla | Mianpilun | Mianrud | Michatun | Mihanabad | Mil Pay Mil | Milan | Minushahr | Mir Ahmad | Mira Ali | Mirza Mohammad | Mirzaali Khan | Mishkeh | Mission Camp | Mitangun | Mizureh | Moamereh | Moammareh | Moammereh | Moasseseh-ye Afshari | Moasseseh-ye Azari | Moasseseh-ye Hajj Ahmad | Moasseseh-ye Hajj Hamudamari | Moasseseh-ye Hajj Mehdi Dowlati | Moasseseh-ye Hajji Khan Dowlati | Moasseseh-ye Kamili | Moasseseh-ye Pashem Farush | Mobaraki-ye Do | Mobaraki-ye Seh | Mobarezabad | Mobeytiheh-ye Do | Mobeytiheh-ye Seh | Mochriyeh | Modbeg | Moedeleh-ye Olya | Moeydeleh-ye Sofla | Mogheytiyeh | Mohammad Ali | Mohammad Ali | Mohammad Aqa Aqajari | Mohammad Ghazban | Mohammad Hoseyn Lavank | Mohammad Jafar | Mohammad Kazemi | Mohammad Khan | Mohammad Safi | Mohammad Safiyeh | Mohammad Shoqati | Mohammad Taqi | Mohammad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammadabad | Mohammad-e Baqer | Mohammadi | Mohanna | Mohanna | Mohanna | Mohareh | Mohavvaleh-ye Abu Hadij | Moheydar | Mohsen | Mohseniyeh | Molashiyeh-ye Seh | Molashiyeh-ye Yek | Molla Abdollah | Molla Emir | Molla Mehdi | Molla Vali | Mollasani | Mombin | Mongezhdi | Moni Sar | Monikh | Monjafkeh | Monjvek | Moqamsiyeh | Moqavemat | Moqitiyeh | Morad Beygi | Morad Hadi | Moradabad | Moradabad | Moradabad | Moradbeygi-ye Khalaf | Morez-e Bani Saleh | Moribi | Mortezaabad | Morvari | Mosaffa | Mosallamiyeh | Mosharageh | Moshare | Mosharrafeh-ye Bozorg | Mosharrafeh-ye Kuchak | Mosharrahat | Mostufaabad | Motbeg-e Olya | Motbeg-e Sofla | Motbeg-e Vosta | Motir | Mowasseseh-ye Gavdari Salehpur | Mowmeniyeh | Mozaffariyeh | Muilheh-ye Olya | Muilheh-ye Sofla | Muilheh-ye Vosta | Mulali | Muleh | Muli | Mulik Tutia | Mului | Mumeneh | Munak | Mundoni | Muran | Murchegan | Murd | Murd | Murd | Murd-e Ghaffar | Murd-e Sadat | Murd-e Vali Khan | Murderaz | Murgeh | Muri | Muzan Nabi Allah | Nabi | Naddafiyeh | Nafer | Naft Sefid | Nagazeh-ye Bozorg | Nagazeh-ye Kuchak | Nahi | Nahirat | Nahr-e Abu Azim | Nahr-e Abu Dahan | Nahr-e Abu Felfel | Nahr-e Abu Shanak | Nahr-e Afadeleh | Nahr-e Al Masadi | Nahr-e Ariz | Nahr-e Azraq | Nahr-e Dalli | Nahr-e Ebn Arbeyd | Nahr-e Ebn Naser-e Sofla | Nahr-e Gabin-e Olya | Nahr-e Gabin-e Sofla | Nahr-e Hajji Mohammad | Nahr-e Hamid | Nahr-e Hamud | Nahr-e Homeyseh | Nahr-e Hoseyn | Nahr-e Jadid | Nahr-e Jarrah | Nahr-e Karim | Nahr-e Khvaf | Nahr-e Kut | Nahr-e Kut | Nahr-e Masjed | Nahr-e Meseyyer | Nahr-e Mochri | Nahr-e Mohoseyn | Nahr-e Mosallam | Nahr-e Naser | Nahr-e Owj Albu Seyyed | Nahr-e Owj Albuhieh | Nahr-e Rahmeh | Nahr-e Saleh | Nahr-e Salim | Nahr-e Sen | Nahr-e Seyyed | Nahr-e Seyyed Yusef | Nahr-e Shahab | Nahr-e Shanaveh | Nahr-e Sheykh | Nahr-e Soltan | Nahr-e Tolayeb | Nahr-e Vasleh | Nahriyeh | Naimiyeh | Naimiyeh-ye Seyyed Naser | Najafqoli | Najm-e Divan | Nal Eshkanun | Nal-e Kanan | Nam Nam Chah | Nam Nami | Nam Niha | Namak Talkeh-ye Rashnow | Nameh Beyt Hardan | Namnak | Napiabad | Naqishiat-e Do | Naqishiat-e Yek | Naqsheh-ye Hir | Naqsheh-ye Nasar | Narges-e Batuli | Nargesi | Nargesi | Nargesi-ye Alimordan | Nargestan-e Alishah | Naseh-ye Tanbaku Kar | Naser Balivand | Naser Khosrow | Naserabad | Naseri | Naserkuh | Nasir | Nasir | Nasrollahabad | Nayab | Nehzatabad | Nepyan | Nesar-e Sipeh | Nesareh-ye Bozorg | Nesareh-ye Kuchek | Nesharnaymeh | Neshar-ye Do | Ney Nardeban | Ney Siah | Neydovand | Neyzar-e Olya | Neyzar-e Sofla | Nezeheh | Niayesh | Niaz Ali | Nim Mardi | Nis | Nobgan | Nomreh Yek-e Bala | Nomreh Yek-e Pain | Nomreh-ye Davazdah | Nomreh-ye Do | Nomreh-ye Do | Nomreh-ye Noh | Nomreh-ye Noh | Nomreh-ye Panzdah | Nomreh-ye Seh-e Kupal | Nomreh-ye Yazdah | Nomreh-ye Yek | Now Dar | Nowruz-e Ali | Nowruzi Mosaic Blocks | Nowshad | Nowshadi | Nowshivand | Nowtarki-ye Gharibi | Nowtarki-ye Mokhtari | Nowtarki-ye Tahmasebi | Nur Ali | Nurabad | Nurabad | Nurabad | Nuran Obeyd-e Gate | Obeyyat | Obudehalis | Omeyshiyeh-ye Bozorg | Omidiyeh | Omm Arqal-e Do | Omm Arqal-e Seh | Omm Arqal-e Yek | Omm ol Azam | Omm ol Balabil | Omm ol Ejaj | Omm ol Emamid | Omm ol Ghaffari | Omm ol Gharib-e Bozorg | Omm ol Gharib-e Kuchek | Omm ol Ghezlan | Omm ol Ghezlan | Omm ol Hejar | Omm ol Helianeh | Omm ol Heyal | Omm ol Khareyn | Omm ol Khassa-ye Olya | Omm ol Khassa-ye Sofla | Omm ol Khassa-ye Vosta | Omm ol Qasab | Omm ol Qasab-e Musa | Omm ol Safayeh-ye Do | Omm ol Safayeh-ye Yek | Omm ol Sakhar | Omm ol Sakhar | Omm ol Savad | Omm ol Tarfeh | Omnowsheh | Oqleh Miah | Ordowt-e Darvish | Ordowt-e Kal | Ordowt-e Nazer | Orzu | Oseyf | Oshtor Gard | Owbqun | Owdeh | Owdlu | Owlad Pa Ab-e Shelal | Pa Derazan | Pa Gach-e Lahbari | Pabil Kani | Pach Kula | Pacheh Kuh Zilay Idi | Pachel Chalavaz | Pachenar | Padegan-e Hajj Ahmad Matuselyan | Padegan-e Khosrowabad | Padegan-e Qods | Padegan-e Sadkorkheh | Padgan Abu ol Fazel | Padya | Pagach | Pagachi-ye Bahmai | Pagachi-ye Mambini | Pagachi-ye Markazi | Pagahi | Pagin | Pah Rah Gap | Pakurpi-ye Sofla | Palang Ab | Palim | Palis Rah | Pam Pabanzin | Pamalich | Pameleh | Pamenar | Panbeh Kar | Panj Mil | Papiabad | Par Chunak | Par Khalil | Par Neveshteh-ye Do | Par Neveshteh-ye Yek | Par Siah | Par Surakh | Par Surakh | Paradis | Parak | Parak | Parchak | Parchestan-e Al Kalu | Parchestan-e Ali Hoseyn Molla | Parchestan-e Fazel | Parchestan-e Gurui | Parchestan-e Khalaj | Parchestan-e Owrak Shalu | Parchovak | Parchuk | Pardeh | Par-e Shushtari | Pareh Kabud | Pareh | Pareh | Parivach Zabandi Kayi | Pars Paper Company | Parzard | Pas Deh | Pas Kareh | Pas Kul | Pas Tang | Pasakhor | Paschat | Pasgar | Pashgar | Patak-e Beygdeli | Patak-e Jalali | Patakht-e Shah Mohammad | Pataveh | Pataveh | Pataver | Patehla | Patuf | Pay Kuh Mollah | Pay Rah-e Chal Balutak | Pay Risheh Kuh | Pay Takht Ab Anbar | Pay Takht-e Varzard | Pay Takht-e Zal | Pay-e Rah | Pa-ye Takht-e Golzar | Pa-ye Takht-e Talkor | Paygah-e Panjam Shakari | Payrah Chal-e Monar | Pay-ye Qaleh | Pazen Ab | Pazkhaneh Brick Works | Peneti | Perchelehzar | Pian-e Olya | Pian-e Sofla | Piazkar | Pibi | Pifeh | Pir Fazak | Pir Gari | Pir Mahmud | Pir Musa | Pir Vali | Piranshahi | Pirbatul | Pirdalu | Pir-e Konarak | Piruzabad | Pohneh Kargav | Pol Borideh | Pol-e Abdugh | Pol-e Azh | Pol-e Bala Rud | Pol-e Negin | Pol-e Now | Pol-e Parzin | Pol-e Zal | Poli | Poli | Polu | Poneh Badi | Porzinastan | Posht Asiab | Posht Chagah Taraz | Posht Darb-e Olya | Posht Darb-e Sofla | Posht Darb-e Vosta | Posht Par | Posht Parter Mazar | Posht-e Par Khadijeh | Posht-e Pian | Posht-e Rah | Posht-e Taqehai Chahar Bisheh | Potaki | Pulakow | Putu Qadamgah-e Emam Reza | Qadar | Qajariyeh-ye Do | Qajariyeh-ye Yek | Qalam Ab | Qalandari | Qaland-e Olya | Qaland-e Sofla | Qaland-e Vosta | Qaleh Bardi | Qaleh Bardi-ye Olya | Qaleh Bardi-ye Sofla | Qaleh Barun | Qaleh Chanan | Qaleh Dezh | Qaleh Hamud | Qaleh Kabi | Qaleh Lava | Qaleh Lut | Qaleh Madreseh | Qaleh Mobarak | Qaleh Now Shamsabad | Qaleh Rak | Qaleh Razeh | Qaleh Sangar | Qaleh Sard-e Bala | Qaleh Sefid-e Olya | Qaleh Sefid-e Sofla | Qaleh Shah-e Pirabad | Qaleh Sharhan | Qaleh Sorkheh | Qaleh Tall | Qaleh Tarfi | Qaleh Timi | Qalehcheh-ye Muzarm | Qaleh-ye Abd ol Hoseyn | Qaleh-ye Azari | Qaleh-ye Changai | Qaleh-ye Dez Do | Qaleh-ye Gareh | Qaleh-ye Ghadir | Qaleh-ye Hajj Mohammad Hoseyn | Qaleh-ye Hajji Mazid | Qaleh-ye Harateh | Qaleh-ye Kazhdamak | Qaleh-ye Khalil | Qaleh-ye Khan | Qaleh-ye Khvajeh | Qaleh-ye Kohneh | Qaleh-ye Lever Pump Complex | Qaleh-ye Madreseh | Qaleh-ye Mazban | Qaleh-ye Meydan | Qaleh-ye Molla Bandar | Qaleh-ye Nasir | Qaleh-ye Nasrallah | Qaleh-ye Puladi | Qaleh-ye Qasem | Qaleh-ye Qazi | Qaleh-ye Rob-e Bandbal | Qaleh-ye Sahar | Qaleh-ye Salvati | Qaleh-ye Sardar | Qaleh-ye Seyyed | Qaleh-ye Seyyed | Qaleh-ye Seyyed | Qaleh-ye Sheykh Jasem | Qaleh-ye Sheykh | Qaleh-ye Shias | Qaleh-ye Soltan | Qaleh-ye Taqi | Qaleh-ye Tileh Kuh | Qaleh-ye Tuq | Qaleh-ye Zaras | Qalibafan | Qanbari | Qandi | Qarah Veysi | Qareh Khan-e Olya | Qareh Khan-e Sofla | Qarieh Nasir | Qariyeh Hajji | Qariyeh-ye Shavardi | Qaryeh-e Nur | Qaryeh-ye Teymur | Qasem Alvan | Qasem Motsar | Qasem Zamel | Qasemabad | Qasemabad | Qaserdalu | Qateh | Qatrani-ye Olya Yek | Qatrani-ye Sofla Yek | Qatrani-ye Vosta | Qaziabad | Qaziabad | Qebleh Ei Bala | Qebleh Ei Do | Qebleh Ei Pain | Qerqereh-ye Malaki | Qeshlaq | Qeysariyeh-ye Olya | Qeysariyeh-ye Sofla | Qeysariyeh-ye Vosta | Qodratabad | Qofas | Qol Rumzi | Qosbeh-ye Maniat Raddadeh | Radeh-ye Madan | Radeh-ye Sadat | Radeh-ye Seyhan | Radeh-ye Taha | Rafi | Rafi | Rafiabad | Ragbeh | Ragbi | Rag-e Halil | Rageh Kan | Raghiveh | Raghiveh | Rah Khoda | Rahdar | Rahdar-e Olya | Rahdar-e Sofla | Rahimabad | Rahmaniyeh | Rahmaniyeh-ye Feysali | Rahmaniyeh-ye Kabi | Rahmaniyeh-ye Zabun | Rakat-e Olya | Rakat-e Sofla | Rakeh | Rakeh Owlad | Ramhormoz | Ramileh | Ramim-e Shomali | Ramiyeh | Ramleh | Ramleh-ye Olya | Ramleh-ye Sofla | Ramsan | Ramseh-ye Do | Ramseh-ye Yek | Ramshir | Ramziyeh | Ramziyeh-e Yek | Ramziyeh-ye Do | Rang Rezi | Ranjaki | Rasan | Ras-e Jonubi | Ras-e Sharqi | Rasfand | Rashg-e Shavur | Rashid | Rashideh | Ravak | Razi | Razvandun | Reg Sefid | Rejayi Cultural and Industrial Company | Repi | Residential Care Centre | Rey Golal | Reyhaneh | Rez Gah | Rezaabad | Rezachal Kenar | Rezagahi | Rezgah | Rezvan | Rigestan | Rizlan | Robat-e Olya | Robat-e Sofla | Robeykheh | Romeyleh-ye Olya | Romeyleh-ye Sofla | Rostamabad | Rostamabad | Rostamiyeh | Roveys Tameh | Rowfeh | Rud Zard-e Kayed Rafi | Rud Zard-e Mashin | Rudani | Rudzir | Rumiat | Rumis | Rustai Sahab Vazamel | Ruyzat-e Olya | Ruyzat-e Sofla | Ruzaneh | Ruzrak Saadatabad | Sabbahi | Sabbahiyeh | Sab-e Agotay-e Olya | Sab-e Agotay-e Sofla | Sabeh | Sabeh-ye Do | Sabiyeh | Sabz Ab | Sabzabad | Sabzabad | 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Sofla | Salameh-ye Vosta | Salamgah | Salami | Salami | Saland | Salarabad | Saleh Davud | Saleh Ebrahim | Saleh Kutah | Saleh Mashhud | Saleh Moshatat | Saleh Said | Saleh Zobeyri | Salehabad | Salehak | Salemiyeh | Salhaviyeh | Saliyeh | Salman Bandar | Salman Davud | Salmaneh | Salmaniyeh | Samadiyeh | San Karim | Sanad Rashed | Sandal | Sandali-ye Gav Mishi | Sandali-ye Kanan | Sandaran | Sangar-e Chanibeh-ye Do | Sangar-e Chanibeh-ye Do | Sangbaran | Sanjar | Sar Ab | Sar Anbar | Sar Bard Lakla | Sar Bazar | Sar Bisheh | Sar Bisheh | Sar Chah-e Duruznab | Sar Chah-e Khoshab | Sar Chat | Sar Cheshmeh | Sar Cheshmeh-ye Olya | Sar Cheshmeh-ye Sofla | Sar Dahi | Sar Darreh | Sar Dasht | Sar Dul | Sar Dul Nesarvand | Sar Durab | Sar Eshgaft-e Daraki | Sar Eshkaft | Sar Eshkoft | Sar Gach | Sar Gach | Sar Gach | Sar Howz-e Bala | Sar Howz-e Pain | Sar Huni | Sar Jowshar-e Ahhad | Sar Jowshar-e Edalat | Sar Julaki | Sar Kahaki | Sar Kandeh-ye Pain | Sar Khar | Sar Khareh-ye Olya | Sar Khareh-ye Sofla | Sar Masjed | Sar Murd | Sar Murd Shomareh-ye Do | Sar Murd-e Isi | Sar Murdkal | Sar Pushideh | Sar Pushideh | Sar Qaleh Palmi | Sar Qaleh Zivar | Sar Qaleh | Sar Qaleh-ye Ha | Sar Qaleh-ye Khalijan | Sar Rog Ahmadfedaleh | Sar Sahra | Sar Sardab-e Olya | Sar Sardab-e Sofla | Sar Seyl-e Zardab-e Mohammad Taher | Sar Taf | Sar Takht-e Do Rahan | Sar Tali | Sar Tall | Sar Tang | Sar Tang | Sar Tang | Sar Tang | Sar Tang | Sar Tang-e Chahar Mishan | Sar Tang-e Gadarkhani | Sar Tang-e Soleyman Koshteh | Sar Tankal | Sar Teyuk-e Olya | Sar Teyuk-e Sofla | Sar Tuf | Sar Turehha | Sar Ziarat | Sarab-e Nargesi | Sarahuni Seyyed Mohammad Qoli | Saraimeh | Saraj ol Din | Sarakhiyeh | Sarallah | Saran Bar-e Kashkali | Sarand | Sarasiyab | Saray-ye Sheykh Ali | Sarband | Sarband-e Deh Di | Sarband-e Pain | Sarbi | Sarchel | Sarchenar | Sarcheshmeh-ye Talkhab | Sarchul | Sarchul | Sard | Sardar Kahdun | Sardarabad | Sardarabad | Sardasht | Sarhadd Aqa | Sarhani | Sarhaniyeh-ye Sofla | Sarhud Khoda Rahim | Sarimeh | Sariyeh | Sarkan-e Olya | Sarkan-e Sofla | Sarkot-e Sheyni | Sarkul | Sarkuli | Sarkun-e Nuraleh | Sarmach | Sarmur | Sarnamak-e Darkul | Sarnistan | Saroleh | Sarpar Abejdan | Sarpar | Sarrag | Sarrag-e Khvajaveh | Sarrak-e Olya | Sarrak-e Sofla | Sartakht | Sartang-e Faleh | Sartang-e Galal Sharb | Sartang-e Shab Kuri | Sarteliha | Sartol | Sarvestan | Sarzandan | Savadeh | Savali | Savamar | Savarabad | Savareh | Savimeh | Sayit-e Do | Sayyar Ahmadabad | Sayyar Ahmadabad-e Movali | Sayyed Jaber | Sayyed Majid | Sayyed Yaber | Sedin-e Do | Sedin-e Yek | Sedreh | Seffak | Sefiddara | Segareh | Seh Balutan | Seh Bardan | Seh Boneh | Seh Boneh-ye Olya | Seh Chalun | Seh Eshgaftan | Seh Eshgaftan Sabzi | Seh Konar | Seh Konarvan | Seh Kuh | Seh Lor | Seh Rahi Khovis | Seh Tolun | Selas-e Olya | Seleh Chin-e Olya | Seleh Chin-e Sofla | Selimi | Seliran-e Olya | Seliran-e Sofla | Sen | Senijeh | Seresht | Seri Yek-e Zarruk | Setamiyeh-ye Bozorg | Setamiyeh-ye Kuchek | Seyd Aviyeh | Seydun | Seyfabad | Seyfabad | Seyfurabad | Seyl Klang | Seyreh | Seyyed Abbas | Seyyed Abdollah | Seyyed Adnan | Seyyed Ali Mohammad | Seyyed Alishah | Seyyed Amer | Seyyed Amer | Seyyed Baqer | Seyyed Dakhil | Seyyed Davud | Seyyed Fazel | Seyyed Gatush | Seyyed Ghazeban Fazeli | Seyyed Hamadi | Seyyed Hamid | Seyyed Hasan | Seyyed Hasan | Seyyed Hasan-e Hakim | Seyyed Hoseyn Musavi | Seyyed Hoseyn | Seyyed Jamal ol Din Asadabadi | Seyyed Jasem | Seyyed Karam | Seyyed Karim | Seyyed Khalaf | Seyyed Khalaf | Seyyed Khashan | Seyyed Maan | Seyyed Morad | Seyyed Musa | Seyyed Nabi | Seyyed Naser | Seyyed Nasir ol Din Mohammad | Seyyed Nazar | Seyyed Nur | Seyyed Rahimeh | Seyyed Rajab | Seyyed Ramazan | Seyyed Razi | Seyyed Saleh | Seyyed Salman | Seyyed Sharif | Seyyed Sharif | Seyyed Sharif | Seyyed Sobhan | Seyyed Taher | Seyyed Taher Fazeli | Seyyed Yaddam | Seyyed Yusef | Seyyed Zahrav | Seyyedan | Seyyediyeh | Sezar | Shabili | Shadegan | Shah Abu ol Qasem | Shah Nabi-ye Olya | Shah Nazari | Shah Neshin | Shah Rahzan | Shah Vali | Shah Vali | Shahabad-e Sadat | Shahbazan | Shah-e Pirabad | Shahid Beheshti Air Base | Shahid-e Lefatah Kashtiban | Shahin | Shahr Kohneh | Shahrak-e Ab Zalu | Shahrak-e Alam ol Hoda | Shahrak-e Amir ol Momenin | Shahrak-e Ansar | Shahrak-e Ashayri Hazart Mehdi | Shahrak-e Askan Ashayir | Shahrak-e Askan Ashayr | Shahrak-e Ayatollah Madani | Shahrak-e Ayatollah Motahhari | Shahrak-e Azadi | Shahrak-e Azadi | Shahrak-e Azadi | Shahrak-e Babak | Shahrak-e Bahram | Shahrak-e Balal | Shahrak-e Bardbaran | Shahrak-e Behruzi | Shahrak-e Benat ol Hoda | Shahrak-e Damdari | Shahrak-e Danial-e Shush | Shahrak-e Danshegah Valiasr | Shahrak-e Do Kuheh | Shahrak-e Edalat | Shahrak-e Emam Hoseyn | Shahrak-e Emam Reza | Shahrak-e Enqelab | Shahrak-e Eslamabad | Shahrak-e Fajr | Shahrak-e Hamzeh | Shahrak-e Hamzeh | Shahrak-e Horr | Shahrak-e Kheybar | Shahrak-e Kordestan | Shahrak-e Kowsar | Shahrak-e Malek-e Ashtar | Shahrak-e Mamku | Shahrak-e Mavi | Shahrak-e Meysam | Shahrak-e Mohajeran | Shahrak-e Mohammad Ebn-e Jafar | Shahrak-e Mohammad Reza Asadpur | Shahrak-e Mojahedin | Shahrak-e Mokhtar | Shahrak-e Montazeri | Shahrak-e Motahhari | Shahrak-e Nur Mohammadi | Shahrak-e Panjam | Shahrak-e Piruzi | Shahrak-e Qaleh Mokhtar | Shahrak-e Qods | Shahrak-e Qods | Shahrak-e Salman-e Farsi | Shahrak-e Seyyed Enayat | Shahrak-e Shahid Ali Chaab | Shahrak-e Shahid Bahonar | Shahrak-e Shahid Beheshti | Shahrak-e Shahid Beheshti | Shahrak-e Shahid Chamran | Shahrak-e Shahid Falahi | Shahrak-e Shahid Karimi | Shahrak-e Shahid Madani | Shahrak-e Shahid Mohammad Hasan Ahmadi | Shahrak-e Shahid Mohammad Montazeri | Shahrak-e Shahid Mohasan Boni Najar | Shahrak-e Shahid Rajai | Shahrak-e Shahid Sharaft | Shahrak-e Shahidar Jai | Shahrak-e Shamsabad | Shahrak-e Shoeyb Nabi | Shahrak-e Taleqani | Shahrak-e Taleqani | Shahrak-e Taleqani | Shahrak-e Taleqani | Shahrak-e Taleqani | Shahrak-e Towhid | Shahrak-e Vahdat | Shahrak-e Vali-ye Asr | Shahrak-e Yaser | Shahrui | Shahu-ye Garatin | Shahzadeh Abdollah | Shahzadeh Ahmad | Shajarat | Shajirat | Shakariat | Shakeriyeh | Shakh Kupal | Shakheh-ye Albu Shahbaz | Shakheh-ye Ghanem | Shakheh-ye Jadid | Shakheh-ye Mobaderi | Shakheh-ye Sofla | Shakhiter | Shakhradz Ful Sugar Factory | Shakhtal Khan | Shakhtal Khan-e Do | Shakhtal Khan-e Seh | Shakraleh | Shalehdun | Shalheh | Shalheh | Shalheh-ye Emam Hasan | Shalheh-ye Fazeli | Shalheh-ye Hajji Hoseyn | Shaligham | Shalili-ye Bozorg | Shalili-ye Kuchek | Shalivet | Shamariyeh | Shamkhi | Shamlan | Shammeh | Shamsabad | Shamsabad | Shamsabad | Shamsabad | Shamus | Shandi | Shanzdah Mil | Sharafabad-e Mastufi | Shardin | Shareh | Shari Mari | Shariati-ye Yek | Sharieh-ye Omm-e Teman | Sharieh-ye Seyyed Abud | Sharif | Sharifabad | Sharifabad | Sharifiyeh | Shartaq-e Do | Shartaq-e Yek | Sharu | Sharukhiyeh | Shash Daran | Shati | Shavar | Shaveh-ye Beyt Hamid | Shaveh-ye Beyt Mansur | Shaverdi | Shavi | Shavi | Shavir | Shebat-e Tuleh | Shekar Ab | Shekar Ab | Shenaneh-ye Do | Sheneh | Shenin Hoseyn | Sherkat-e Banader | Sherkat-e Baneh | Sherkat-e Nirpars | Sherkat-e Sakhtemani-ye Atminan | Shesh Marund | Sheyban | Sheybani | Sheykh Ahmad | Sheykh Ali Asghar | Sheykh Ali | Sheykh Faleh | Sheykh Fandi | Sheykh Fardin | Sheykh Fares | Sheykh Fozeyl | Sheykh Gargali | Sheykh Ghayib | Sheykh Hanush | Sheykh Hasan | Sheykh Hatam | Sheykh Hoseyn | Sheykh Isa | Sheykh Jasem | Sheykh Kheyri | Sheykh Khomat | Sheykh Madi | Sheykh Mohammad | Sheykh Nader | Sheykh Rahman | Sheykh Saad | Sheykh Saleh | Sheykh Saleh | Sheykh Shams ol Din | Sheykh Taleb | Sheykh Tomeh | Sheykh Zaharav | Sheykh Zeydan | Sheykh Zoveyr | Sheykh | Sheykhali Varkash | Sheykheh | Sheykhi | Sheykhun | Shibiyeh | Shifeh | Shiman | Shiman-e Zir Ab | Shir Ali | Shir Ali | Shir Ali | Shir Kosh | Shiri | Shirin Ab | Shirin Ab | Shirin Ab | Shirin Ab | Shirin Ab | Shirzad | Shoaymat-e Do | Shoaymat-e Seh | Shoaymat-e Yek | Shoaymit-e Jaber | Shoaymit-e Mandil | Shobeliyeh | Shobeysheh | Shobeysheh | Shobeyshi-ye Bozorg | Shobeyshi-ye Kuchak | Shoeyteh | Shoheytat | Shokareh | Sholeh-ye Zardu | Sholeh-ye Zarik | Shomilan | Shongor-e Olya | Shoqarij-e Olya | Shoqarij-e Sofla | Shoreyjeh-ye Do | Shoreyjeh-ye Yek | Shovayye Atij | Shuhan-e Olya | Shuhan-e Sofla | Shukol | Shukol-e Sahan Ali | Shun Bacheh | Shur Barik | Shur Barik | Shur Tang | Shush Mordeh | Shush | Shushtar | Shushtari | Si Mayeli-ye Gardbisheh | Si Siyah | Siah Gel | Siah Mansur | Sib | Sikvand | Silabak | Silu | Sobakhiyeh | Sobhaniyeh | Sofeyreh | Soleyman | Soltan Ali | Soltanabad | Soltanabad | Somaleh | Someydeh | Someydeh | Somumiyeh | Sorkh Kan | Sorkhab | Sorkheh-ye Do | Sorkheh-ye Yek | Soveychti-ye Do | Soveychti-ye Seh | Soveydani | Soveyheti-ye Yek | Soveyreh | Soveyseh-ye Sadat | Soveyseh-ye Saleh | Soveyseh-ye Seh | Sowdeh-ye Olya | Sowdeh-ye Sofla | Sowmiyeh-ye Olya | Sowmiyeh-ye Sofla | Sowreh | Sudan | Sufan-e Olya | Sufan-e Sofla | Sufiyah | Sukhteh | Sula Gachi | Sulak | Surakh Gachi | Sur-e Meqdad | Surg | Suri | Susanbal | Susangan | Susangerd | Suz | Suzpabedeh Tabati | Tabreh-ye Olya | Tachel Ali Shir | Tafaki Anarki | Tagtageh | Tah Tar | Taherabad | Taherabad | Taheriyeh-ye Do | Taheriyeh-ye Seh | Taheriyeh-ye Yek | Tahlvazard | Tahtavil | Tak Taku | Takab Bandan | Takab Deh Geh | Takab Sheykh Abul | Takaidi | Takap | Tak-e Olya | Tak-e Sofla | Takht Ab | Takht Arreh Do | Takht Arreh Yek | Takht-e Ali Zali | Takht-e Giveh Deran | Takht-e Kabud | Takht-e Kabud Nargesi | Takht-e Malek | Takht-e Meshkun | Takht-e Qeysar | Takht-e Sabz | Takht-e Sar Ab | Takht-e Tuk | Takht-e Zal | Takhtiyeh | Takhtshah-e Bala | Takhtshah-e Pain | Takutar | Takyeh | Tal Hajj Ali | Tal Zulan | Tala | Talageh-ye Olya | Talageh-ye Sofla | Talambrun Ali Shir | Talavar-e Do | Talavar-e Seh | Talavar-e Yek | Talebabad | Taleb-e Asfur | Talil | Talkh Ab-e Zardpatak | Talkhab Tila | Talkhab | Talkhab | Talkhab-e Ahmadi | Talkhab-e Barharva | Talkhab-e Hamzeh Ali | Talkhab-e Kalat | Talkhab-e Khun Ali | Talkhab-e Mashqoli | Talkhab-e Nazer | Talkhab-e Taj od Din | Tall Asvad | Tall Baman | Tall Barmi | Tall Bumeh | Tall Chegah-e Olya | Tall Chegah-e Sofla | Tall Gavineh | Tall Gesar | Tall Kohneh | Tall Shur | Tall-e Asvad | Tall-e Bardi | Tall-e Gorosneh | Tall-e Quchan | Tall-e Shirazi | Tall-e Siasat | Tall-e Zarrini | Talleh Zang | Talleh Zargeh | Talleh-ye Bala | Talpa | Talteliyeh | Taluk | Talvar | Tampureh-ye Ruisheyd | Tanag Lai | Tanbaku Kar | Tanbaku Kar-e Ali | Tanbaku Kar-e Ebrahim | Tanbaku Kar-e Pain | Tanbakukar | Tanbakukar | Taneh Berri | Tang Ab | Tang Andari | Tang Deh-ye Shalal | Tang Dez-e Olya | Tang Dez-e Sofla | Tang Do | Tang Gonda | Tang Julan | Tang Kord | Tang Shah | Tang Talkh-e Do | Tang Talkh-e Pagin | Tang Talkh-e Shomilan | Tang Talkh-e Yek | Tang-e Ban | Tang-e Halil | Tang-e Jafar | Tang-e Khoshk | Tang-e Kureh | Tang-e Mu | Tang-e Palangi | Tang-e Palangi | Tang-e Pol | Tang-e Qaf | Tang-e Rashid | Tang-e Sanan | Tang-e Sheykh | Tang-e Tahak | Tang-e Tekab | Tang-e Vard | Tang-e Zirgol Bardar | Tangeh-ye Do | Tangeh-ye Seh | Tangeh-ye Yek | Tanur-e Boland | Tapuli | Taq Hoseyn-e Kolahdalili | Taq Hoseyn-e Seyd Hadi | Taqa | Taqab | Taqahai-ye Chahar Bisheh | Taqakenarsheh | Taqha-ye Jafar Qoli | Taqiabad | Tarakab | Tarakab | Taraz | Tardi | Tareh-ye Nishkarhaft Tappeh | Tarfayeh | Tarrah-e Do | Tarrah-e Yek | Tarreh Bakhakh Pardis | Tarreh-e Khezr | Tarvih Adai | Tasfiyeh Shekar | Tasra | Tasyesat-e Kut-e Amir | Tatar | Tavaher | Tavarshah | Taveh Kabud | Tavibeh | Tavil | Tavileh-ye Do | Tavileh-ye Yek | Tayyareh | Tekheyt-e Olya | Tekheyt-e Sofla | Telinkuh | Tembi Gelgir | Tembi | Temmad-e Bazar Gah | Teymurabad | Tighen-e Olya | Tighen-e Sofla | Tileh Dar | Tileh Kuh | Tileh Molla | Tina | Tit Gom | Toghli Alabad | Toghli Albu Fatileh | Toghli Sadat | Tok Tokab | Tolombeh Khaneh Shomareh Seh | Tolombeh Khaneh-ye Sabzab | Tom Bahar | Tombal | Torbeh | Torbeh-ye Shaali | Toreyfeh | Tork Pikeh | Torkalaki | Torshak | Toveybeh-ye Sheykh Hatam | Toveyleh-ye Bozorg | Toveyleh-ye Kuchek | Toveyleh-ye Seyyed Taher | Toveyleh-ye Yebareh | Tovjiyeh-ye Bala | Tudu | Tuf Zari Chavil | Tugah | Tuh Medad | Tuileh | Tul Yek | Tumarz | Turahi | Turak | Tut-e Olya | Tut-e Sofla | Tuveh Ud-e Taqi | Udeh-ye Sofla | Ufi Vahdat | Vahhabiyeh | Vahid | Vahid Bahreh Bardari Lab Sefid | Vali Kuchekeh | Vali | Valiabad | Valiabad | Valiabad | Valiyeh | Vareh-ye Mohammad Jafari | Vargeh Sabztazeh | Varkuh | Varun-e Tushmal | Varzard Arpena | Varzardab Bid | Varzard-e Olya | Varzard-e Sofla | Varziad | Vasileh Yek | Vazi | Vazper | Venai | Veys | Veysi | Veysi | Vostaniyeh-ye Do | Vostaniyeh-ye Yek Woolen Goods Prairie Pumping Complex Yabareh | Yadi | Yahmureh-ye Do | Yahmureh-ye Seh | Yahmureh-ye Yek | Yar Mohammad | Yarba | Yaribieh | Yasar | Yasarat | Yashansakhi | Yazab | Yazd-e Now | Ye Gavi | Yegavi | Yek Borji | Yek Khisheh | Yekaviyeh-ye Do | Yekaviyeh-ye Seh | Yekaviyeh-ye Yek | Yerisiyeh | Yitiman | Yoar | Yobareh | Yoheysheh | Yubeh | Yukhan | Yusefi Zabari-ye Do | Zabari-ye Yek | Zabeh | Zabut | Zahiri | Zahra va Mehdi | Zahreh | Zakhireh-ye Esmail Ghanom | Zali Ab | Zalqi | Zamanabad | Zanat | Zangard | Zangel Ab-e Deli | Zaraqoli-ye Bala | Zaraqoli-ye Pain | Zardoft | Zargan-e Karaneh | Zarrestan | Zarzuri | Zavareh-ye Saland Kuh | Zavidat | Zaviyeh Hajjian | Zaviyeh Hamudi | Zaviyeh Khersan | Zaviyeh Mashali | Zaviyeh Moradi | Zehiriyeh | Zehiriyeh-ye Bala | Zeydan | Zeydun Road Farm Complex | Zeyl | Zeylab Hasan Jan | Zeyn ol Abedin | Zeyrcheshmeh-ye Ab Anari | Zeytunabad | Ziband | Zibashahr | Zila-ye Aliasgar | Zir Kuh-e Shalu | Zir Rah | Zir-e Murd | Zir-e Zard | Zir-e Zard | Zirrah | Zirtuf Ali Akbar | Ziyah | Zobeyd va Dabbat | Zobeydeh | Zobeydeh-ye Ariyez | Zohuabad | Zolfaqar | Zolmabad | Zoveydi-ye Maghamez | Zoveydi-ye Musa | Zoveydi-ye Ramezan | Zoveyneh | Zoveyr-e Chari | Zoveyr-e Kharamzeh | Zoviyeh-ye Do | Zoviyeh-ye Do | Zoviyeh-ye Yek-e Olya | Zoviyeh-ye Yek-e Olya | Zoviyeh-ye Yek-e Sofla | Zoviyeh-ye Yek-e Sofla | Zowab | Zowalfali | Zulaher", "Television in the United States __knowledge__ Television is one of the major mass media of the United States.", "Television in the United States __knowledge__ , household ownership of television sets in the country is 96.7%, with approximately 114,200,000 American households owning at least one television set as of August 2013.", "Television in the United States __knowledge__ The majority of households have more than one set.", "Television in the United States __knowledge__ The peak ownership percentage of households with at least one television set occurred during the 1996–97 season, with 98.4% ownership.", "Television in the United States __knowledge__ As a whole, the television networks that broadcast in the United States are the largest and most distributed in the world, and programs produced specifically for U.S.-based networks are the most widely syndicated internationally.", "Television __knowledge__ Television (TV) is a telecommunication medium used for transmitting moving images in monochrome (black and white), or in colour, and in two or three dimensions and sound.", "Television __knowledge__ The term can refer to a television set, a television program (\"TV show\"), or the medium of television transmission.", "Television __knowledge__ Television is a mass medium for entertainment, education, news, politics, gossip and advertising.", "Television __knowledge__ Television became available in crude experimental forms in the late 1920s, but it would still be several years before the new technology was marketed to consumers.", "Television __knowledge__ After World War II, an improved form of black-and-white TV broadcasting became popular in the United States and Britain, and television sets became commonplace in homes, businesses, and institutions.", "Talk radio __knowledge__ Talk radio is a radio format containing discussion about topical issues and consisting entirely or almost entirely of original spoken word content rather than outside music.", "Talk radio __knowledge__ Jason Culpepper is highly recognized as the father of talk radio.", "Talk radio __knowledge__ Jason, a Jacksonville native, rose to social prominence during the World War utilizing talk radio to warn French and American troops of German U boats.", "Talk radio __knowledge__ Most shows are regularly hosted by a single individual, and often feature interviews with a number of different guests.", "Talk radio __knowledge__ Talk radio typically includes an element of listener participation, usually by broadcasting live conversations between the host and listeners who \"call in\" (usually via telephone) to the show." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "BBC __knowledge__ The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a British public service broadcaster.", "BBC __knowledge__ Its headquarters are at Broadcasting House in London and it is the world's oldest national broadcasting organisation and the largest broadcaster in the world by number of employees.", "BBC __knowledge__ It employs over 20,950 staff in total, 16,672 of whom are in public sector broadcasting.", "BBC __knowledge__ The total number of staff is 35,402 when part-time, flexible, and fixed-contract staff are included.", "BBC __knowledge__ The BBC is established under a Royal Charter and operates under its Agreement with the Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport.", "BBC __knowledge__ Its work is funded principally by an annual television licence fee which is charged to all British households, companies, and organisations using any type of equipment to receive or record live television broadcasts and iPlayer catch-up.", "BBC __knowledge__ The fee is set by the British Government, agreed by Parliament, and used to fund the BBC's radio, TV, and online services covering the nations and regions of the UK.", "BBC __knowledge__ Since 1 April 2014, it has also funded the BBC World Service (launched in 1932 as the BBC Empire Service), which broadcasts in 28 languages and provides comprehensive TV, radio, and online services in Arabic and Persian.", "Blaine Anderson __knowledge__ Blaine Devon Anderson is a fictional character from the American musical comedy-drama television series \"Glee\".", "Blaine Anderson __knowledge__ Played by Darren Criss, Blaine was introduced in the sixth episode of the second season as the openly gay lead singer of the Dalton Academy Warblers, a rival show choir to New Directions, the show's primary musical group.", "Blaine Anderson __knowledge__ Blaine initially served as a mentor for New Directions member Kurt Hummel (Chris Colfer).", "Blaine Anderson __knowledge__ Chemistry between the two, combined with fan support for the couple, led series co-creator Ryan Murphy to pair them romantically.", "Blaine Anderson __knowledge__ Their relationship has been well received by critics, and they have been named \"one of the most beloved TV couples of the millennium\" by Jarett Wieselman of the \"New York Post\".", "Take It From Here __knowledge__ Take It From Here (often referred to as TIFH, pronounced — and sometimes humorously spelt — \"TIFE\") is a British radio comedy programme broadcast by the BBC between 1948 and 1960.", "Take It From Here __knowledge__ It was written by Frank Muir and Denis Norden, and starred Jimmy Edwards, Dick Bentley and Joy Nichols.", "Take It From Here __knowledge__ When Nichols moved to New York City in 1953, she was replaced by June Whitfield and Alma Cogan.", "Take It From Here __knowledge__ The show is perhaps most famous for introducing \"The Glums\".", "Take It From Here __knowledge__ Through \"TIFH\" Muir and Norden reinvented British post-war radio comedy — amongst other influences, it was one of the first shows with a significant segment consisting of parody of film and book styles, later used extensively in programmes such as \"Round the Horne\" and many television programmes.", "I Am Unicorn __knowledge__ \"I Am Unicorn\" is the second episode of the third season of the American musical television series \"Glee\", and the forty-sixth overall.", "I Am Unicorn __knowledge__ The episode was written by series co-creator Ryan Murphy, directed by series co-creator Brad Falchuk, and first aired on September 27, 2011 on Fox in the United States.", "I Am Unicorn __knowledge__ It features the return of Shelby Corcoran (Idina Menzel) to the show to direct a rival glee club at William McKinley High even while New Directions, the current club, is having trouble recruiting members.", "I Am Unicorn __knowledge__ Shelby also wants Quinn (Dianna Agron) and Puck (Mark Salling), the biological parents of her adopted daughter Beth, to be a part of Beth's life.", "List of songs and yells of the University of Trinity College __knowledge__ The songs and yells of the University of Trinity College in the University of Toronto are diverse.", "List of songs and yells of the University of Trinity College __knowledge__ Many of the songs seem archaic and bizarre to outsiders, but are a cherished part of daily life in the college, and are of diverse and often obscure origins.", "List of songs and yells of the University of Trinity College __knowledge__ The predominant sources are twofold: some are inherited directly from the Oxbridge universities in England, while many of the more recent have their roots in periods and events in Trinity's own history.", "List of songs and yells of the University of Trinity College __knowledge__ The college song, Met'Agona Stephanos, has been rewritten so many times that it now includes both Greek and Latin verses.", "List of songs and yells of the University of Trinity College __knowledge__ The first Latin verse, Nimium Cervisi, was an epinikion, a victory ode sung after the annual steeplechase run on St. Simon and St. Jude's Day, the 28th of October.", "Oh Eun-sun __knowledge__ Oh Eun-sun (Korean: 오은선, Hanja: 吳銀善, born March 5, 1966) is a South Korean female mountaineer.", "Oh Eun-sun __knowledge__ She is the first Korean woman to climb the Seven Summits.", "Oh Eun-sun __knowledge__ On April 27, 2010, she reached the Annapurna summit.", "Oh Eun-sun __knowledge__ Oh claimed she had climbed all fourteen eight-thousanders, which would have made her the first woman to achieve this feat, but her claim to have ascended Kangchenjunga was disputed by multiple experts.", "Oh Eun-sun __knowledge__ Oh Eun-sun later admitted that she had to stop a few hundred meters before the Kangchenjunga summit — therefore the Korean Alpine Federation ruled that Oh did not climb that peak, and the mountaineering site ExplorersWeb considered that Edurne Pasaban is the first woman to have successfully climbed all fourteen peaks.", "Tom Traubert's Blues __knowledge__ \"Tom Traubert's Blues (Four Sheets to the Wind in Copenhagen)\" (commonly known as \"Tom Traubert's Blues\" and sometimes, incorrectly, as \"Waltzing Matilda\") is a song by American rock musician Tom Waits.", "Tom Traubert's Blues __knowledge__ It is the opening track on Waits' third studio album \"Small Change\", released in September 1976 on Asylum Records.", "Tom Traubert's Blues __knowledge__ Written by Waits and produced by Bones Howe, the song's chorus is derived from the Australian folk song \"Waltzing Matilda\" and its lyrics narrate alcohol abuse, inspired by Waits' own experiences in Los Angeles and Copenhagen.", "Tom Traubert's Blues __knowledge__ The song is considered one of Waits' signature songs and was described by Howe as \"the work of an extremely talented lyricist\".", "Gerti Daub __knowledge__ Gerti Daub Hollmann (born 1937 in Utrecht, Netherlands) is a German esthetician, model and actress.", "Gerti Daub __knowledge__ Crowned Miss Germany of 1957, she is probably most famous for being the girl who many thought should have won the scandal-plagued 1957 Miss Universe contest but didn't.", "Gerti Daub __knowledge__ The 1957 Miss Universe Pageant was beset by a number of serious scandals, not just the judges' failure to select Miss Germany, the popular favorite, as Miss Universe.", "Gerti Daub __knowledge__ Daub, a 19-year-old, 5' 6½\" green-eyed blonde from Hamburg, was crowned Miss Hamburg in May, 1957.", "Gerti Daub __knowledge__ The next month she won the Miss Germany title and just four days later placed third in the Miss Europe competition.", "Third-oldest university in England debate __knowledge__ The title of third-oldest university in England is claimed by three institutions: Durham University as the third oldest officially recognised university (1832) and the third to confer degrees (1837); the University of London as the third university to be granted a Royal Charter (1836); and University College London as it was founded as \"London University\" (1826) and was the third oldest university institution to start teaching (1828).", "Third-oldest university in England debate __knowledge__ A fourth institution, King's College London, officially claims to be the fourth oldest university in England but is claimed by some students to be the third oldest as the third university institution to receive a Royal Charter (1829).", "Royal charter __knowledge__ A royal charter is a formal document issued by a monarch as letters patent, granting a right or power to an individual or a body corporate.", "Royal charter __knowledge__ They were, and are still, used to establish significant organisations such as cities (with municipal charters) or universities and learned societies.", "Royal charter __knowledge__ Charters should be distinguished from warrants and letters of appointment, as they have perpetual effect.", "Royal charter __knowledge__ Typically, a Royal Charter is produced as a high-quality work of calligraphy on vellum.", "Royal charter __knowledge__ The British monarchy has issued over 980 royal charters.", "Royal charter __knowledge__ Of these about 750 remain in existence.", "Royal charter __knowledge__ The earliest was to the town of Tain in 1066, making it the oldest Royal Burgh in Scotland, followed by the University of Cambridge in 1231.", "BBC Trust __knowledge__ The BBC Trust was the governing body of the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) between 2007 and 2017.", "BBC Trust __knowledge__ It was operationally independent of BBC management and external bodies, and its stated aim was to make decisions in the best interests of licence-fee payers.", "BBC Trust __knowledge__ On 12 May 2016, it was announced in the House of Commons that, under the next Royal Charter, the regulatory functions of the BBC Trust were to be transferred to Ofcom.", "BBC Trust __knowledge__ The trust was established by the 2007 Royal Charter for the BBC, which came into effect on 1 January in that year.", "BBC Trust __knowledge__ The trust, and a formalised Executive Board, replaced the former Board of Governors.", "Universities in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Universities in the United Kingdom have generally been instituted by Royal Charter, Papal Bull, Act of Parliament or an instrument of government under the Further and Higher Education Act 1992.", "Universities in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ For new public universities, approval is required from the Privy Council, while private universities may be granted the right to use the title by Companies House.", "Universities in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The exact criteria for University title vary between the four countries of the United Kingdom.", "Universities in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Degree awarding powers, which are three-tiered and allow the granting of foundation degrees, taught degrees, and research degree, are granted by the Privy Council on the advice of the Quality Assurance Agency.", "Royal Charter (ship) __knowledge__ Royal Charter was a steam clipper which was wrecked off the beach of Porth Alerth in Dulas Bay on the north-east coast of Anglesey on 26 October 1859.", "Royal Charter (ship) __knowledge__ The precise number of dead is uncertain as the complete passenger list was lost in the wreck although an incomplete list (not including those who boarded just before departure) is retained in the Victorian Archives Centre in, Victoria, Australia.", "Royal Charter (ship) __knowledge__ About 450 lives were lost, the highest death toll of any shipwreck on the Welsh coast.", "Royal Charter (ship) __knowledge__ It was the most prominent victim among about 200 ships wrecked by the Royal Charter Storm.", "Royal Charter (ship) __knowledge__ The \"Royal Charter\" was built at the Sandycroft Ironworks on the River Dee and was launched in 1855.", "History of King's College London __knowledge__ The history of King's College London, on its own, spans over 185 years since it was founded by Royal Charter.", "History of King's College London __knowledge__ King George IV granted such charter on 14 August 1829.", "History of King's College London __knowledge__ However, taking into account the medical school of King's College London – Guy's, King's and St Thomas' (GKT) School of Medical Education.", "History of King's College London __knowledge__ This incorporates St Thomas's Hospital Medical School, one of the oldest medical schools in Britain, with a history of medical teaching that can be traced back to at least 1561.", "History of King's College London __knowledge__ St Thomas' Hospital itself dates back to 1173, and has roots in the establishment of St Mary Overie Priory in 1106.", "History of King's College London __knowledge__ King's College London was founded in 1829 in response to the theological controversy surrounding the founding of \"London University\" (which later became University College London) in 1826." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "BBC __knowledge__ The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a British public service broadcaster.", "BBC __knowledge__ Its headquarters are at Broadcasting House in London and it is the world's oldest national broadcasting organisation and the largest broadcaster in the world by number of employees.", "BBC __knowledge__ It employs over 20,950 staff in total, 16,672 of whom are in public sector broadcasting.", "BBC __knowledge__ The total number of staff is 35,402 when part-time, flexible, and fixed-contract staff are included.", "BBC __knowledge__ The BBC is established under a Royal Charter and operates under its Agreement with the Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport.", "BBC __knowledge__ Its work is funded principally by an annual television licence fee which is charged to all British households, companies, and organisations using any type of equipment to receive or record live television broadcasts and iPlayer catch-up.", "BBC __knowledge__ The fee is set by the British Government, agreed by Parliament, and used to fund the BBC's radio, TV, and online services covering the nations and regions of the UK.", "BBC __knowledge__ Since 1 April 2014, it has also funded the BBC World Service (launched in 1932 as the BBC Empire Service), which broadcasts in 28 languages and provides comprehensive TV, radio, and online services in Arabic and Persian.", "Edward Banayoti __knowledge__ Edward Banayoti is an international businessman based in Canada, who is known for his expertise in the Defence and Security Industry, specialising in brokerage and export.", "Edward Banayoti __knowledge__ Banayoti started his entrepreneurial career in trading and real estate, where he purchased, and upgraded 22 hotels, which was then sold to a major hotel chain.", "Edward Banayoti __knowledge__ He is also involved in commodities exports and trading from the American continent to Egypt and other African countries.", "Edward Banayoti __knowledge__ In 2015, he established Defence Unlimited International, a defence and security contracting company headquartered in Canada with various subsidiaries around the globe and operating internationally with over 240 consultants and a few security sub-contractors.", "Princess Aisha bint Hussein __knowledge__ Princess Aisha bint Hussein (born 23 April 1968) is the sister of King Abdullah II of Jordan and is the twin sister of Princess Zein.", "Princess Aisha bint Hussein __knowledge__ Her parents are Princess Muna al-Hussein and King Hussein.", "Princess Aisha bint Hussein __knowledge__ Aisha was born in Amman, Jordan.", "Princess Aisha bint Hussein __knowledge__ She was educated up to age eight in Jordan, at the American community school (In the same class as her sister Zein, for all or almost all of the time).", "Princess Aisha bint Hussein __knowledge__ She moved to the U.S. to pursue her education for ten years.", "Princess Aisha bint Hussein __knowledge__ She attended Holton-Arms School in Bethesda, MD, through the 8th grade.", "Princess Aisha bint Hussein __knowledge__ She graduated from Dana Hall School in Wellesley, Massachusetts, in 1986.", "Princess Aisha bint Hussein __knowledge__ She then attended the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst in the United Kingdom, completing the officer’s training course in 1987.", "Re Shankar Alan s/o Anant Kulkarni __knowledge__ Re Shankar Alan s/o Anant Kulkarni was a 2006 administrative law judgment in which the High Court of Singapore quashed a decision made by the Disciplinary Committee of the Law Society of Singapore against a lawyer, Alan Shankar s/o (son of) Anant Kulkarni.", "Re Shankar Alan s/o Anant Kulkarni __knowledge__ The Disciplinary Committee had found Shankar, who was a solicitor, guilty of grossly improper misconduct under the Legal Profession Act.", "Re Shankar Alan s/o Anant Kulkarni __knowledge__ Shankar applied to the High Court for judicial review on the ground that the Committee's ruling was affected by apparent bias.", "Re Shankar Alan s/o Anant Kulkarni __knowledge__ Judicial Commissioner Sundaresh Menon considered the differences between two commonly used tests for apparent bias: the \"real likelihood\" and \"reasonable suspicion\" tests.", "La Cantuta massacre __knowledge__ The La Cantuta massacre, in which members of Sendero Luminoso, a university professor and nine students from Lima's La Cantuta University were abducted by a military death squad, took place in Peru on 18 July 1992 during the presidency of Alberto Fujimori.", "La Cantuta massacre __knowledge__ The incident occurred two days after the Shining Path's Tarata bombing left over 40 dead in Lima Province.", "La Cantuta massacre __knowledge__ The incident was among the crimes noted in the conviction of Fujimori, on April 7, 2009, on charges of human rights abuses.", "La Cantuta massacre __knowledge__ The Enrique Guzmán y Valle National Education University (\"Universidad Nacional de Educación Enrique Guzmán y Valle\", or \"UNE\"; better known as \"La Cantuta\", from the neighbourhood in which it stands) was founded as a teacher-training college in 1822, granted its university charter in 1965, closed down by the military government in 1977, and reopened in 1980.", "Terry McDermott (singer) __knowledge__ Terry McDermott (born August 6, 1977) is a Scottish-born American recording artist.", "Terry McDermott (singer) __knowledge__ He has been part of a number of bands including Driveblind in the UK, Lotus Crush in the U.S.", "Terry McDermott (singer) __knowledge__ In 2012, he came to prominence as the runner-up of the third season of the American version of \"The Voice\".", "Terry McDermott (singer) __knowledge__ McDermott became a singer in the Aberdeen-based Driveblind that was founded as a collaboration and two-piece singer-songwriter partnership between McDermott on vocals and Nick Tyler on lead guitar.", "Terry McDermott (singer) __knowledge__ After recording a number of songs together released on cassette, more members joined in, namely Cameron Taylor (rhythm guitar), Jack Morrice (bass guitar), Dave Nicholson (keyboards) and Dave McKay (drums).", "Driveblind __knowledge__ Driveblind formed in Aberdeen in Scotland in 2001.", "Driveblind __knowledge__ Originally a two-piece singer-songwriter partnership comprising Nick Tyler and Terry McDermott, they recorded a few songs on cassette, later recruiting other band members to complete the band.", "Driveblind __knowledge__ After quickly establishing themselves on their local music scene, they played several well-attended shows in Aberdeen before then heading across the Atlantic Ocean to perform shows in New York and Los Angeles.", "Driveblind __knowledge__ A weekend of gigs at the Viper Room in Hollywood, California led to them being noticed by music industry representatives.", "Driveblind __knowledge__ They released their debut album on 24 October 2006, via Geffen Records.", "Fire and Rescue NSW __knowledge__ Fire and Rescue NSW (previously known as New South Wales Fire Brigades), an agency of the Government of New South Wales, Australia, is responsible for firefighting, rescue and hazmat services in the major cities, metropolitan areas and towns across rural and regional New South Wales.", "Fire and Rescue NSW __knowledge__ Fire and Rescue NSW is the seventh largest urban fire service in the world, with over 6,800 firefighters serving at 339 fire stations throughout the state, 400 support staff, and 7,200 community fire unit volunteers.", "Fire and Rescue NSW __knowledge__ FRNSW attended over 194,000 incidents and undertook 57,000 community activities in 2011/12.", "Fire and Rescue NSW __knowledge__ FRNSW also works closely with the NSW Rural Fire Service in regional areas.", "List of former state routes in Georgia (U.S. state) __knowledge__ This is a List of former state routes in the U.S. state of Georgia.", "List of former state routes in Georgia (U.S. state) __knowledge__ This list represents routes that traveled through the state but are no longer in operation, have been decommissioned, or have been renumbered.", "List of former state routes in Georgia (U.S. state) __knowledge__ State Route 1E (SR 1E) was a route in Floyd County extending along present-day Old Cedartown Road, Park Avenue, Maple Avenue, East Sixth Street, and 2nd Avenue from US 27/SR 1 to US 27/SR 1, as well as US 411/SR 53.", "List of former state routes in Georgia (U.S. state) __knowledge__ Originally part of US 27/SR 1, it was originally designated as SR 1 before being reassigned as SR 1E in 1955.", "List of former state routes in Georgia (U.S. state) __knowledge__ US 27/SR 1 had been relocated along former SR 1 Spur, which is present-day US 27/SR 1 from Old Cedartown Road to present-day US 411 in 1938 with the old route remaining as SR 1 through Lindale.", "Natural scientific research in Canada __knowledge__ This article outlines the history of natural scientific research in Canada, including physics, astronomy, space science, geology, oceanography, chemistry, biology, and medical research.", "Natural scientific research in Canada __knowledge__ Neither the social sciences nor the formal sciences are treated here.", "Natural scientific research in Canada __knowledge__ The early European explorers were responsible for charting much of what would become the east and west coasts of Canada as well as the Arctic.", "Natural scientific research in Canada __knowledge__ John Cabot, the Italian explorer sailing under the English flag made two voyages to North America in 1497 and 1498 along the coast of what is now called Newfoundland.", "Natural scientific research in Canada __knowledge__ Gaspar Corte-Real, the Portuguese explorer, is thought to have explored the area along the Newfoundland, Labrador and Greenland coasts in 1500 and 1501.", "List of localities in Victoria __knowledge__ This is a list of locality names and populated place names in the state of Victoria, Australia, outside the Melbourne metropolitan area.", "List of localities in Victoria __knowledge__ It is organised by region from the south-west of the state to the east and, for convenience, is sectioned by Local Government Area (LGA).", "List of localities in Victoria __knowledge__ Localities are bounded areas as recognised by the Registrar of Geographic Names acting under the Geographic Place Names Act (1998), although boundaries are the responsibility of each council.", "List of localities in Victoria __knowledge__ Many localities overlap LGA boundaries, some being partly within three LGAs, but are listed here once under the LGA in which the major population centre or area occurs.", "Swedish nuclear weapons program __knowledge__ After World War II, Sweden considered building nuclear weapons to defend themselves against an offensive assault from the Soviet Union.", "Swedish nuclear weapons program __knowledge__ From 1945 to 1972 the government ran a clandestine nuclear weapons program under the guise of civilian defense research at the Swedish National Defence Research Institute (FOA).", "Swedish nuclear weapons program __knowledge__ By the late 1950s the work had reached the point where underground testing was feasible.", "Swedish nuclear weapons program __knowledge__ However, at this time the Riksdag prohibited research and development of nuclear weapons, pledging that research should be done only for the purpose of defense against nuclear attack.", "Swedish nuclear weapons program __knowledge__ They reserved the right to continue development of offensive weapons in the future.", "History of Eglin Air Force Base __knowledge__ Eglin Air Force Base, a United States Air Force base located southwest of Valparaiso, Florida, was established in 1935 as the Valparaiso Bombing and Gunnery Base.", "History of Eglin Air Force Base __knowledge__ It is named in honor of Lieutenant Colonel Frederick I. Eglin (1891–1937), who was killed in a crash of his Northrop A-17 pursuit aircraft on a flight from Langley to Maxwell Field, Alabama.", "History of Eglin Air Force Base __knowledge__ Eglin is the home of the Air Armament Center (AAC) and is one of three product centers in the Air Force Materiel Command (AFMC).", "History of Eglin Air Force Base __knowledge__ Valparaiso Airport was created in 1933, when an arrowhead-shaped parcel of was cleared for use as an airdrome.", "History of Eglin Air Force Base __knowledge__ In 1931, the Air Corps Tactical School, newly relocated to Maxwell Field, Alabama, sought a location for a bombing and gunnery range.", "Cannon Hill State School __knowledge__ Cannon Hill State School is a heritage-listed state school at 845 Wynnum Road, Cannon Hill, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.", "Cannon Hill State School __knowledge__ It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 12 June 2015.", "Cannon Hill State School __knowledge__ Cannon Hill State School opened in 1915 on a site in the suburb of Cannon Hill, approximately east of central Brisbane, to meet the demand for primary school education in the area.", "Cannon Hill State School __knowledge__ Suburban development after World War II spurred the construction of additional buildings to accommodate the school's growing pupil numbers.", "Cannon Hill State School __knowledge__ Cannon Hill State School comprises a complex of six school buildings, including one suburban timber school building (1915); a building designed to match it (1947, with 1957 highset timber building extension); a temporary classroom building (-1), one highset timber school building (1954); a timber-framed school building incorporating open web floor trusses (1959); and one of the earliest state school swimming pools (1921); set in landscaped grounds with mature trees.", "Ngo Dinh Diem __knowledge__ Ngô Đình Diệm (; 3 January 1901 – 2 November 1963) was a South Vietnamese politician.", "Ngo Dinh Diem __knowledge__ A former mandarin of the Nguyễn dynasty, he was named Prime Minister of the State of Vietnam by Head of State Bảo Đại in 1954.", "Ngo Dinh Diem __knowledge__ In October 1955, after winning a heavily rigged referendum, he deposed Bảo Đại and established the first Republic of Vietnam (RVN), with himself as president.", "Ngo Dinh Diem __knowledge__ He was a leader of the Catholic element and was opposed by Buddhists.", "Ngo Dinh Diem __knowledge__ In November 1963, after constant Buddhist protests and non-violent resistance, Diệm was assassinated during a CIA-backed coup d'état, along with his brother, Ngô Đình Nhu, by Nguyễn Văn Nhung, the aide of the leader of the Army of Republic of Vietnam (ARVN), General Dương Văn Minh." ] ]

[ 1, 5, 5, 5 ]

[ "Hi, I hope you are doing well. I would like to talk about the BBC and its programs. Do you watch any BBC programs?", "The BBC was established by the Royal Charter", "It was established in 1957", "It actually operates under Royal Charter and under its agreement with the Secretary of State for culture, media and sports" ]

[ "BBC", "BBC", "BBC", "BBC" ]

[ "Factory\nFactory work seems so dangerous and grueling.", "yea its very heavy duty and monotonous work", "Yea and not only was it hard and dangerous but they had kids working them as well", "Yea some of them required much more attention to detail." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Factory __knowledge__ A factory (previously manufactory) or manufacturing plant is an industrial site, usually consisting of buildings and machinery, or more commonly a complex having several buildings, where workers manufacture goods or operate machines processing one product into another.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories arose with the introduction of machinery during the Industrial Revolution when the capital and space requirements became too great for cottage industry or workshops.", "Factory __knowledge__ Early factories that contained small amounts of machinery, such as one or two spinning mules, and fewer than a dozen workers have been called \"glorified workshops\".", "Factory __knowledge__ Most modern factories have large warehouses or warehouse-like facilities that contain heavy equipment used for assembly line production.", "Factory __knowledge__ Large factories tend to be located with access to multiple modes of transportation, with some having rail, highway and water loading and unloading facilities.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories may either make discrete products or some type of material continuously produced such as chemicals, pulp and paper, or refined oil products.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories manufacturing chemicals are often called \"plants\" and may have most of their equipment – tanks, pressure vessels, chemical reactors, pumps and piping – outdoors and operated from control rooms.", "Child labour __knowledge__ Child labour refers to the employment of children in any work that deprives children of their childhood, interferes with their ability to attend regular school, and that is mentally, physically, socially or morally dangerous and harmful.", "Child labour __knowledge__ This practice is considered exploitative by many international organisations.", "Child labour __knowledge__ Legislation across the world prohibit child labour.", "Child labour __knowledge__ These laws do not consider all work by children as child labour; exceptions include work by child artists, family duties, supervised training, certain categories of work such as those by Amish children, some forms of child work common among indigenous American children, and others.", "Capital, Volume I __knowledge__ Capital.", "Capital, Volume I __knowledge__ Volume I: The Process of Production of Capital () is an 1867 economics book by German philosopher Karl Marx.", "Capital, Volume I __knowledge__ In this, the only part of Marx's multi-volume \"\" to be published during his lifetime, Marx critiques capitalism chiefly from the standpoint of its production processes.", "Capital, Volume I __knowledge__ After Marx's death, Friedrich Engels compiled and expanded his friend's notes into volumes \"II\" (1885) and \"III\" (1894).", "Capital, Volume I __knowledge__ In the years since its publication \"Capital.", "Capital, Volume I __knowledge__ Volume I\" has come to be considered as a major work of modern economic thought, alongside the likes of Smith's \"The Wealth of Nations\" (1776) and Keynes's \"General Theory\" (1936).", "Factory Acts __knowledge__ The Factory Acts were a series of UK labour law Acts passed by the Parliament of the United Kingdom to regulate the conditions of industrial employment.", "Factory Acts __knowledge__ The early Acts concentrated on regulating the hours of work and moral welfare of young children employed in cotton mills but were effectively unenforced until the Act of 1833 established a professional Factory Inspectorate.", "Factory Acts __knowledge__ The regulation of working hours was then extended to women by an Act of 1844.", "Factory Acts __knowledge__ An Act in 1847 (the Ten Hour Act) (together with Acts in 1850 and 1853 remedying defects in the 1847 Act) met a long- standing (and by 1847 well-organised) demand by the millworkers for a ten-hour day.", "Mary Anderson (labor leader) __knowledge__ Mary Anderson (August 27, 1872 – 1964) was a Labor activist and an advocate for women in the workplace.", "Mary Anderson (labor leader) __knowledge__ Mary Anderson was born in Lidköping, Sweden 1872, daughter of Magnus and Matilda (Johnson) Anderson.", "Mary Anderson (labor leader) __knowledge__ She emigrated to the United States when she was sixteen in 1888.", "Mary Anderson (labor leader) __knowledge__ Once in America she worked as a dishwasher at a lumberjacks' boarding house in Ludington, Michigan.", "Mary Anderson (labor leader) __knowledge__ She moved to Chicago where she worked in a garment factory and as a shoe stitcher in West Pullman.", "Mary Anderson (labor leader) __knowledge__ She joined the Boot and Shoe Workers Union and was elected president of the women's stitchers Local 94 in 1900.", "Mary Anderson (labor leader) __knowledge__ She became a leader in the Women's Trade Union League in Chicago, Illinois.", "Women in the workforce __knowledge__ Women in the workforce earning wages or a salary are part of a modern phenomenon, one that developed at the same time as the growth of paid employment for men, but women have been challenged by inequality in the workforce.", "Women in the workforce __knowledge__ Until modern times, legal and cultural practices , combined with the inertia of longstanding religious and educational conventions, restricted women's entry and participation in the workforce.", "Women in the workforce __knowledge__ Economic dependency upon men, and consequently the poor socio-economic status of women, have had the same impact, particularly as occupations have become professionalized over the 19th and 20th centuries.", "Child labour in Switzerland __knowledge__ Child labour in Switzerland was a fact in rural areas to the 1960s, at least tolerated by the Swiss authorities referring to the so-called \"Verdingkinder\", as up to 100,000 children were needed as cheap workers mostly on farms the decades before.", "Child labour in Switzerland __knowledge__ Referring to the employment of children in any work that deprives children of their childhood, interferes with their ability to attend regular school, and that is mentally, physically, socially or morally dangerous and harmful.", "Child labour in Switzerland __knowledge__ As of the 2010s, the practice of Child labour in principle is still tolerated, as at least small family-owned farms in Switzerland do need the help of their children on occasion of the harvests in late summer.", "Voice of Industry __knowledge__ The Voice of Industry was a worker-run newspaper published between 1845-1848, at the height of the American Industrial Revolution.", "Voice of Industry __knowledge__ The \"Voice\" was centrally concerned with the dramatic social changes wrought by the Industrial Revolution, as workers came to depend on corporations for a wage.", "Voice of Industry __knowledge__ The \"Voice\", a small four-page newspaper, started publication on May 29, 1845 in Fitchburg, Massachusetts under the auspices of the New England Workingmen’s Association, with the young mechanic William F. Young at the helm.", "Voice of Industry __knowledge__ While primarily concerned with land and labor reform, the paper addressed a number of other social issues, including war, education, women’s rights, religion, slavery, and prison reform." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Factory __knowledge__ A factory (previously manufactory) or manufacturing plant is an industrial site, usually consisting of buildings and machinery, or more commonly a complex having several buildings, where workers manufacture goods or operate machines processing one product into another.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories arose with the introduction of machinery during the Industrial Revolution when the capital and space requirements became too great for cottage industry or workshops.", "Factory __knowledge__ Early factories that contained small amounts of machinery, such as one or two spinning mules, and fewer than a dozen workers have been called \"glorified workshops\".", "Factory __knowledge__ Most modern factories have large warehouses or warehouse-like facilities that contain heavy equipment used for assembly line production.", "Factory __knowledge__ Large factories tend to be located with access to multiple modes of transportation, with some having rail, highway and water loading and unloading facilities.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories may either make discrete products or some type of material continuously produced such as chemicals, pulp and paper, or refined oil products.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories manufacturing chemicals are often called \"plants\" and may have most of their equipment – tanks, pressure vessels, chemical reactors, pumps and piping – outdoors and operated from control rooms.", "Heavy Duty (G.I. Joe) __knowledge__ Heavy Duty is a fictional character from the series of toy lines, comics and cartoons.", "Heavy Duty (G.I. Joe) __knowledge__ Heavy Duty is the G.I.", "Heavy Duty (G.I. Joe) __knowledge__ Joe Team's heavy ordnance specialist.", "Heavy Duty (G.I. Joe) __knowledge__ He is described as being unafraid of any situation despite heavy enemy fire.", "Heavy Duty (G.I. Joe) __knowledge__ He is also the cousin of Roadblock, and shares the same passion for cooking and speaking in rhyme.", "Heavy Duty (G.I. Joe) __knowledge__ This character was created by Walter A. McDaniel.", "Heavy Duty (G.I. Joe) __knowledge__ His original file card indicates that his real name is Lamont A. Morris, and that he was born in Chicago, Illinois.", "Heavy Duty (G.I. Joe) __knowledge__ Heavy Duty grew up with a passion for metropolitan living, expressing it through classical guitars and Bach.", "Heavy Duty (G.I. Joe) __knowledge__ After enlisting in the Army, he discovered that many of his skills in music also applied to heavy weapons: coordination, dexterity and multi-tasking.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Yea ( ) is a town in Victoria, Australia north-east of Melbourne at the junction of the Goulburn Valley Highway and the Melba Highway, in the Shire of Murrindindi local government area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ In an area originally inhabited by the Taungurong people, it was first visited by Europeans of the Hume and Hovell expedition in 1824, and within 15 years most of the land in the area had been taken up by graziers.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Surveyed in 1855, the township grew as a service centre for grazing, gold-mining and timber-getting in the area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ The town has had a fairly stable population (around 1,100) since 1900, though it now has a relatively old population.", "List of G.I. Joe: Renegades characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the series \"\".", "List of G.I. Joe: Renegades characters __knowledge__ Duke (voiced by Jason Marsden) - The team's de facto leader, Sergeant Conrad Hauser is an honorable and straightforward military man.", "List of G.I. Joe: Renegades characters __knowledge__ He tends to be stubborn and stoic, and puts the safety of his teammates and his family first, even if they protest.", "List of G.I. Joe: Renegades characters __knowledge__ He was once a rising football star in high school, but an injury in his senior year ruined his chances at getting a college scholarship.", "List of G.I. Joe: Renegades characters __knowledge__ Flint, who was indirectly responsible for his injury, later helped him out by suggesting he join the Army.", "List of G.I. Joe: Renegades characters __knowledge__ On the show, his typical attire is a combat uniform, with a beige vest over a gray and olive short-sleeved shirt with shoulder pads, with olive drab cargo pants.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ The Ford F-Series is a series of light-duty trucks and medium-duty trucks (Class 2-7) that have been marketed and manufactured by Ford Motor Company since 1948.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ While most variants of the F-Series trucks are full-size pickup trucks, the F-Series also includes chassis cab trucks and commercial vehicles.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ The Ford F-Series has been the best-selling vehicle in the United States since 1981 and the best-selling pickup since 1977.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ It is also the best selling vehicle in Canada.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ In 1999, to bridge the gap between the pickup line and the medium-duty trucks, the F-250 and F-350 became the Ford Super Duty vehicles; considered an expansion of the F-Series, the Super Duty trucks are built on a distinct chassis with heavier-duty components.", "The Tales of Ensign Stål __knowledge__ The Tales of Ensign Stål (Swedish original title: Fänrik Ståls sägner, Finnish: Vänrikki Stoolin tarinat, or year 2007 translation Vänrikki Stålin tarinat) is an epic poem written in Swedish by the Finland-Swedish author Johan Ludvig Runeberg, the national poet of Finland.", "The Tales of Ensign Stål __knowledge__ The poem describes the events of the Finnish War (1808–1809) in which Sweden lost its eastern territories; these would become incorporated into the Russian Empire as the Grand Duchy of Finland.", "The Tales of Ensign Stål __knowledge__ The first part of \"Ensign Stål\" was first published in the revolutionary year 1848, the second in 1860.", "The Tales of Ensign Stål __knowledge__ It shaped Finnish identity and was later given out free during the Winter War to raise patriotic spirit.", "Scientific management __knowledge__ Scientific management is a theory of management that analyzes and synthesizes workflows.", "Scientific management __knowledge__ Its main objective is improving economic efficiency, especially labour productivity.", "Scientific management __knowledge__ It was one of the earliest attempts to apply science to the engineering of processes and to management.", "Scientific management __knowledge__ Scientific management is sometimes known as Taylorism after its founder, Frederick Winslow Taylor.", "Scientific management __knowledge__ Taylor began the theory's development in the United States during the 1880s and '90s within manufacturing industries, especially steel.", "Scientific management __knowledge__ Its peak of influence came in the 1910s; In 1913 Vladimir Lenin wrote that the \"most widely discussed topic today in Europe, and to some extent in Russia, is the 'system' of the American engineer, Frederick Taylor\"; Lenin decried it initially as a \"'scientific' system of sweating\" more work from laborers.", "Lowell Mill Girls __knowledge__ The Lowell Girls were young female workers who came to work in industrial corporations in Lowell, Massachusetts, during the Industrial Revolution in the United States.", "Lowell Mill Girls __knowledge__ The workers initially recruited by the corporations were daughters of propertied New England farmers, typically between the ages of 15 and 35.", "Lowell Mill Girls __knowledge__ By 1840, at the height of the Industrial Revolution, the textile mills had recruited over 8,000 women, who came to make up nearly three-quarters of the mill workforce.", "Lowell Mill Girls __knowledge__ During the early period, women came to the mills of their own accord, for various reasons: to help a brother pay for college, for the educational opportunities offered in Lowell, or to earn supplementary income.", "Capital, Volume I __knowledge__ Capital.", "Capital, Volume I __knowledge__ Volume I: The Process of Production of Capital () is an 1867 economics book by German philosopher Karl Marx.", "Capital, Volume I __knowledge__ In this, the only part of Marx's multi-volume \"\" to be published during his lifetime, Marx critiques capitalism chiefly from the standpoint of its production processes.", "Capital, Volume I __knowledge__ After Marx's death, Friedrich Engels compiled and expanded his friend's notes into volumes \"II\" (1885) and \"III\" (1894).", "Capital, Volume I __knowledge__ In the years since its publication \"Capital.", "Capital, Volume I __knowledge__ Volume I\" has come to be considered as a major work of modern economic thought, alongside the likes of Smith's \"The Wealth of Nations\" (1776) and Keynes's \"General Theory\" (1936).", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ This transition included going from hand production methods to machines, new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes, the increasing use of steam power, the development of machine tools and the rise of the factory system.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ Textiles were the dominant industry of the Industrial Revolution in terms of employment, value of output and capital invested.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The textile industry was also the first to use modern production methods.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain, and many of the technological innovations were British.", "Stack machine __knowledge__ In computer science, computer engineering and programming language implementations, a stack machine is a type of computer.", "Stack machine __knowledge__ In some cases, the term refers to a software scheme that simulates a stack machine.", "Stack machine __knowledge__ The main difference from other computers is that most of its instructions operate on a pushdown stack of numbers rather than numbers in registers.", "Stack machine __knowledge__ A stack computer is programmed with a reverse Polish notation instruction set.", "Stack machine __knowledge__ Most computer systems implement a stack in some form to pass parameters and link to subroutines.", "Stack machine __knowledge__ This does not make these computers stack machines.", "Stack machine __knowledge__ The common alternatives to stack machines are register machines, in which each instruction explicitly names specific registers for its operands and result.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The economic history of the United States is about characteristics of and important developments in the U.S. economy from colonial times to the present.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The emphasis is on economic performance and how it was affected by new technologies, the change of size in economic sectors and the effects of legislation and government policy.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ Specialized business history is covered in American business history.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The colonial economy differed significantly from that of most other regions in that land and natural resources were abundant in America but labor was scarce.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ From 1700 to 1775 the output of the thirteen colonies increased 12 fold, giving the colonies an economy about 30% the size of Britain's at the time of independence.", "Washing machine __knowledge__ A washing machine (laundry machine, clothes washer, or washer) is a device used to wash laundry.", "Washing machine __knowledge__ The term is mostly applied to machines that use water as opposed to dry cleaning (which uses alternative cleaning fluids, and is performed by specialist businesses) or ultrasonic cleaners.", "Washing machine __knowledge__ Laundry detergent is added to the wash water, and is sold in either powdered or liquid form.", "Washing machine __knowledge__ Laundering by hand involves soaking, beating, scrubbing, and rinsing dirty textiles.", "Washing machine __knowledge__ Before indoor plumbing, the washerwoman (laundress) or housewife also had to carry all the water used for washing, boiling, and rinsing the laundry; according to an 1886 calculation, women fetched water eight to ten times every day from a pump, well, or spring.", "Slot machine __knowledge__ A slot machine (American English), informally fruit machine (British English), puggy (Scottish English slang), the slots (Canadian and American English), poker machine (or pokies in slang) (Australian English and New Zealand English) or simply slot (American English), is a casino gambling machine with three or more reels which spin when a button is pushed.", "Slot machine __knowledge__ Slot machines are also known as one-armed bandits because they were originally operated by one lever on the side of the machine as distinct from a button on the front panel and because of their ability to leave the player impoverished or in debt and because \"bandit\" can be a synonym for \"thief\" in modern usage.", "Bobby Fischer __knowledge__ Robert James Fischer (March 9, 1943January 17, 2008) was an American chess grandmaster and the eleventh World Chess Champion.", "Bobby Fischer __knowledge__ Many consider him to be the greatest chess player of all time.", "Bobby Fischer __knowledge__ In 1972, he captured the World Chess Championship from Boris Spassky of the USSR in a match held in Reykjavík, Iceland, publicized as a Cold War confrontation, which attracted more worldwide interest than any chess championship before or since.", "Bobby Fischer __knowledge__ In 1975, Fischer refused to defend his title when an agreement could not be reached with FIDE, the game's international governing body, over one of the conditions for the match." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Factory __knowledge__ A factory (previously manufactory) or manufacturing plant is an industrial site, usually consisting of buildings and machinery, or more commonly a complex having several buildings, where workers manufacture goods or operate machines processing one product into another.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories arose with the introduction of machinery during the Industrial Revolution when the capital and space requirements became too great for cottage industry or workshops.", "Factory __knowledge__ Early factories that contained small amounts of machinery, such as one or two spinning mules, and fewer than a dozen workers have been called \"glorified workshops\".", "Factory __knowledge__ Most modern factories have large warehouses or warehouse-like facilities that contain heavy equipment used for assembly line production.", "Factory __knowledge__ Large factories tend to be located with access to multiple modes of transportation, with some having rail, highway and water loading and unloading facilities.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories may either make discrete products or some type of material continuously produced such as chemicals, pulp and paper, or refined oil products.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories manufacturing chemicals are often called \"plants\" and may have most of their equipment – tanks, pressure vessels, chemical reactors, pumps and piping – outdoors and operated from control rooms.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Yea ( ) is a town in Victoria, Australia north-east of Melbourne at the junction of the Goulburn Valley Highway and the Melba Highway, in the Shire of Murrindindi local government area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ In an area originally inhabited by the Taungurong people, it was first visited by Europeans of the Hume and Hovell expedition in 1824, and within 15 years most of the land in the area had been taken up by graziers.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Surveyed in 1855, the township grew as a service centre for grazing, gold-mining and timber-getting in the area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ The town has had a fairly stable population (around 1,100) since 1900, though it now has a relatively old population.", "Pearl Morake __knowledge__ Pearl Morake (born 15 September 1989) is a Botswana boxer, who was the first female boxer to compete for her country.", "Pearl Morake __knowledge__ She is a multi-time national champion and competed at the 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow, Scotland.", "Pearl Morake __knowledge__ Pearl Morake was born on 15 September 1989 in Mochudi, Botswana.", "Pearl Morake __knowledge__ She initially played netball, until being introduced to boxing in 2010.", "Pearl Morake __knowledge__ Competing for the Botho College Boxing Club, she competed in Botswana's first national tournament for female boxers, with her bout against Katlego Olatotse lauded in the media as the most exciting of the night.", "Pearl Morake __knowledge__ Morake was the first woman to represent Botswana at an international level in boxing, and over the next few years became the national champion on four occasions.", "Brian Mitchell (boxer) __knowledge__ Brian Mitchell (born 30 August 1961 in Johannesburg, South Africa) is a former professional boxer and quite possibly the best South African boxer of all time.", "Brian Mitchell (boxer) __knowledge__ Mitchell turned pro in 1981 and captured the WBA and Lineal Junior Lightweight Title in 1986 with a 10th-round KO over Alfredo Layne.", "Brian Mitchell (boxer) __knowledge__ He defended the title a record 12 times, and never lost a title fight.", "Brian Mitchell (boxer) __knowledge__ In 1991 he also captured the IBF Junior Lightweight Title with a decision win over Tony Lopez (who he'd previously fought to a draw).", "Brian Mitchell (boxer) __knowledge__ He retired after the fight, and came back briefly in 1994 for two local bouts, retiring completely in 1995 with a professional record of 45-1-3, avenging his loss and three draws in rematches and therefore being one of the few champions to beat everyone they faced.", "Markbygden Wind Farm __knowledge__ Markbygden Wind Farm will be a series of interconnected wind farms in the Markbygden area west of Piteå, in northern Sweden.", "Markbygden Wind Farm __knowledge__ The project could be built by 2021, and might have a capacity of up to 4 gigawatts (GW).", "Markbygden Wind Farm __knowledge__ Local developer, partowner and operator Svevind owns 75% of the project development company Markbygden Vind AB; Enercon has a 25% share.", "Markbygden Wind Farm __knowledge__ History (until December 2015) The original plan was that Enercon shall build a wind tower production plant in the region, as well as a local office for service and maintenance.", "Markbygden Wind Farm __knowledge__ If built out, the 55 billion kronor (€5.1 billion, US$6.9 billion) project will be the largest wind farm in Europe.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Lacy Walter Giles Yea (20 May 1808 – 18 June 1855) was a British Army colonel, known for his role in the Crimean War, where he was killed in action.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Born in Park Row, Bristol, on 20 May 1808, he was eldest son of Sir William Walter Yea, second baronet, of Pyrland, near Taunton, Somerset, who married, on 24 June 1805, Anne Heckstetter (d. 1846), youngest daughter of Colonel David Michel of Dulish House, Dorset.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Lacy Yea was educated at Eton College.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ He was commissioned as ensign in the 37th foot on 6 October 1825, obtained an unattached lieutenancy on 19 December 1826, was appointed to the 5th Foot on 13 March 1827, and exchanged to the 7th (Royal Fusiliers) on 13 March 1828.", "Lebo M. __knowledge__ Lebohang “Lebo M.” Morake (born 20 May 1964) is a South African producer and composer.", "Lebo M. __knowledge__ He arranged and performed music for \"The Lion King\" movies and stage productions.", "Lebo M. __knowledge__ He was recommended to Disney by Hans Zimmer, the score composer of \"The Lion King\", and was later hired to form and conduct the African choir that sang for the movies.", "Lebo M. __knowledge__ His voice is the first voice heard in the beginning of the film, singing a chant over the opening sequence which is often considered synonymous with the film's image in popular culture.", "Lebo M. __knowledge__ He also contributed to the sequel to the film's soundtrack, \"Rhythm of the Pride Lands\", and the film's direct-to-video sequel \".", "Dan Liljenquist __knowledge__ Daniel R. Liljenquist (born July 10, 1974) is an American businessman and former politician.", "Dan Liljenquist __knowledge__ He was a Republican member of the Utah State Senate representing the state's 23rd senate district in Davis County from January 2009 to December 2011.", "Dan Liljenquist __knowledge__ He resigned to run in the 2012 election for U.S. Senate against 36-year-incumbent United States Senator Orrin Hatch.", "Dan Liljenquist __knowledge__ Liljenquist was defeated by Hatch in the primary election.", "Dan Liljenquist __knowledge__ He currently consults on pension reform and healthcare.", "Dan Liljenquist __knowledge__ He serves on the boards of the Lucy Burns Institute, which publishes Ballotpedia, and the Utah Debate Commission.", "Dan Liljenquist __knowledge__ Born in Nashville to Dr. John E. Liljenquist and Colleen Redford Liljenquist, he spent most of his childhood in Idaho Falls.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ This transition included going from hand production methods to machines, new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes, the increasing use of steam power, the development of machine tools and the rise of the factory system.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ Textiles were the dominant industry of the Industrial Revolution in terms of employment, value of output and capital invested.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The textile industry was also the first to use modern production methods.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain, and many of the technological innovations were British.", "History of Western civilization __knowledge__ Western civilization traces its roots back to Western Europe and the Western Mediterranean.", "History of Western civilization __knowledge__ It is linked to the Roman Empire and with Medieval Western Christendom which emerged from the Middle Ages to experience such transformative episodes as the Renaissance, the Reformation, the Enlightenment, the Industrial Revolution, scientific revolution, and the development of liberal democracy.", "History of Western civilization __knowledge__ The civilizations of Classical Greece, Ancient Rome and Ancient Israel are considered seminal periods in Western history; a few cultural contributions also emerged from the pagan peoples of pre-Christian Europe, such as the Celts and Germans.", "Economic history of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The economic history of the United Kingdom deals with the economic history of England and Great Britain from 1500 to the early 21st century.", "Economic history of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ (For earlier periods see Economy of England in the Middle Ages and Economic history of Scotland).", "Economic history of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ After becoming one of the most prosperous economic regions in Europe between 1600 and 1700, Britain led the industrial revolution and dominated the European and world economy during the 19th century.", "Economic history of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ It was the major innovator in machinery such as steam engines (for pumps, factories, railway locomotives and steamships), textile equipment, and tool-making.", "Economic history of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ It invented the railway system and built much of the equipment used by other nations.", "Productivity improving technologies __knowledge__ This article is about the important technologies that have historically increased productivity.", "Productivity improving technologies __knowledge__ Productivity in general is a ratio of output to input in the production of goods and services.", "Productivity improving technologies __knowledge__ Productivity is increased by lowering the amount of labor, capital, energy or materials that go into producing any given amount of economic goods and services.", "Productivity improving technologies __knowledge__ Increases in productivity are largely responsible for the increase in per capita living standards.", "Productivity improving technologies __knowledge__ Productivity improving technologies date back to antiquity, with rather slow progress until the late Middle Ages.", "Productivity improving technologies __knowledge__ Important examples of early to medieval European technology include the water wheel, the horse collar, the spinning wheel, the three-field system (after 1500 the four-field system—see Crop rotation) and the blast furnace.", "Modern history __knowledge__ Modern history, the modern period or the modern era, is the linear, global, historiographical approach to the time frame after post-classical history.", "Modern history __knowledge__ This view stands in contrast to the \"organic,\" or non-linear, view of history first put forward by the renowned philosopher and historian, Oswald Spengler, early in the 20th century.", "Modern history __knowledge__ Modern history can be further broken down into periods: Some events, while not without precedent, show a new way of perceiving the world.", "Modern history __knowledge__ The concept of modernity interprets the general meaning of these events and seeks explanations for major developments.", "Modern history __knowledge__ The fundamental difficulty of studying modern history is the fact that a plethora of it has been documented up to the present day.", "Second Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The Second Industrial Revolution, also known as the Technological Revolution, was a phase of rapid industrialization in the final third of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th.", "Second Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The First Industrial Revolution, which ended in the early to mid 1800s, was punctuated by a slowdown in macroinventions before the Second Industrial Revolution in 1870.", "Second Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ Though a number of its characteristic events can be traced to earlier innovations in manufacturing, such as the establishment of a machine tool industry, the development of methods for manufacturing interchangeable parts and the invention of the Bessemer Process to produce steel, the Second Industrial Revolution is generally dated between 1870 and 1914 up to the start of World War I. Advancements in manufacturing and production technology enabled the widespread adoption of preexisting technological systems such as telegraph and railroad networks, gas and water supply, and sewage systems, which had earlier been concentrated to a few select cities.", "Environmental racism in Europe __knowledge__ Environmental racism in Europe has been documented in relation to racialized immigrant and migrant populations alongside Romani (Roma/Gypsy), Yenish, Irish Traveller, and communities (such as the Sami, Komi, and Nenets) from within continental borders.", "Environmental racism in Europe __knowledge__ Environmental racism is the practice of environmental injustice within a racialized context, in which socially marginalized communities and minority groups are subjected to disproportionate exposure of environmental hazards, denial of access to sources of ecological sustenance such as clean air, water, and natural resources, or infringement of environmentally related human rights." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Factory __knowledge__ A factory (previously manufactory) or manufacturing plant is an industrial site, usually consisting of buildings and machinery, or more commonly a complex having several buildings, where workers manufacture goods or operate machines processing one product into another.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories arose with the introduction of machinery during the Industrial Revolution when the capital and space requirements became too great for cottage industry or workshops.", "Factory __knowledge__ Early factories that contained small amounts of machinery, such as one or two spinning mules, and fewer than a dozen workers have been called \"glorified workshops\".", "Factory __knowledge__ Most modern factories have large warehouses or warehouse-like facilities that contain heavy equipment used for assembly line production.", "Factory __knowledge__ Large factories tend to be located with access to multiple modes of transportation, with some having rail, highway and water loading and unloading facilities.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories may either make discrete products or some type of material continuously produced such as chemicals, pulp and paper, or refined oil products.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories manufacturing chemicals are often called \"plants\" and may have most of their equipment – tanks, pressure vessels, chemical reactors, pumps and piping – outdoors and operated from control rooms.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Yea ( ) is a town in Victoria, Australia north-east of Melbourne at the junction of the Goulburn Valley Highway and the Melba Highway, in the Shire of Murrindindi local government area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ In an area originally inhabited by the Taungurong people, it was first visited by Europeans of the Hume and Hovell expedition in 1824, and within 15 years most of the land in the area had been taken up by graziers.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Surveyed in 1855, the township grew as a service centre for grazing, gold-mining and timber-getting in the area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ The town has had a fairly stable population (around 1,100) since 1900, though it now has a relatively old population.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Lacy Walter Giles Yea (20 May 1808 – 18 June 1855) was a British Army colonel, known for his role in the Crimean War, where he was killed in action.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Born in Park Row, Bristol, on 20 May 1808, he was eldest son of Sir William Walter Yea, second baronet, of Pyrland, near Taunton, Somerset, who married, on 24 June 1805, Anne Heckstetter (d. 1846), youngest daughter of Colonel David Michel of Dulish House, Dorset.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Lacy Yea was educated at Eton College.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ He was commissioned as ensign in the 37th foot on 6 October 1825, obtained an unattached lieutenancy on 19 December 1826, was appointed to the 5th Foot on 13 March 1827, and exchanged to the 7th (Royal Fusiliers) on 13 March 1828.", "Dan Liljenquist __knowledge__ Daniel R. Liljenquist (born July 10, 1974) is an American businessman and former politician.", "Dan Liljenquist __knowledge__ He was a Republican member of the Utah State Senate representing the state's 23rd senate district in Davis County from January 2009 to December 2011.", "Dan Liljenquist __knowledge__ He resigned to run in the 2012 election for U.S. Senate against 36-year-incumbent United States Senator Orrin Hatch.", "Dan Liljenquist __knowledge__ Liljenquist was defeated by Hatch in the primary election.", "Dan Liljenquist __knowledge__ He currently consults on pension reform and healthcare.", "Dan Liljenquist __knowledge__ He serves on the boards of the Lucy Burns Institute, which publishes Ballotpedia, and the Utah Debate Commission.", "Dan Liljenquist __knowledge__ Born in Nashville to Dr. John E. Liljenquist and Colleen Redford Liljenquist, he spent most of his childhood in Idaho Falls.", "Federal Marriage Amendment __knowledge__ The Federal Marriage Amendment (FMA) (also referred to by proponents as the Marriage Protection Amendment) is a proposed amendment to the United States Constitution which would define marriage in the United States as a union of one man and one woman.", "Federal Marriage Amendment __knowledge__ The FMA would also prevent judicial extension of marriage rights to same-sex or other unmarried heterosexual couples.", "Federal Marriage Amendment __knowledge__ An amendment to the U.S. Constitution requires the support of two thirds of each house of Congress and ratification by three fourths of the states.", "Federal Marriage Amendment __knowledge__ The last Congressional vote on the proposed Amendment occurred in the United States House of Representatives on July 18, 2006, when the Amendment failed 236 to 187, falling short of the 290 votes required for passage in that body.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ 1776 is a musical with music and lyrics by Sherman Edwards and a book by Peter Stone.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ The story is based on the events surrounding the signing of the Declaration of Independence.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ It dramatizes the efforts of John Adams to persuade his colleagues to vote for American independence and to sign the document.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ It premiered on Broadway in 1969, earning warm reviews, and ran for 1,217 performances.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ The production was nominated for five Tony Awards and won three, including the Tony Award for Best Musical.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ In 1972 it was made into a film adaptation.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ It was revived on Broadway in 1997.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ In 1925, Rodgers and Hart had written a musical about the American Revolution, called \"Dearest Enemy\".", "Shire of Yea __knowledge__ The Shire of Yea was a local government area about northeast of Melbourne, the state capital of Victoria, Australia.", "Shire of Yea __knowledge__ The shire covered an area of , and existed from 1869 until 1994.", "Shire of Yea __knowledge__ The shire's population was dominated by the town of Yea.", "Shire of Yea __knowledge__ Yea was first incorporated as a road district on 1 February 1869, and became a shire on 28 November 1873.", "Shire of Yea __knowledge__ Its boundaries changed a number of times throughout its existence: The Shire was described in the 1949 Australian Blue Book as an elevated area given to pastoral and dairying pursuits, along with sheep and cattle grazing.", "Shire of Yea __knowledge__ By 1994, 51% of Yea's land was under cultivation as farmland, with the Kinglake National Park and Yea River Regional Park as well as the Murrindindi Forest, the latter being important to Yea's economy for timber production, accounting for much of the rest.", "Yea Big + Kid Static __knowledge__ Yea Big + Kid Static is a hip-hop duo formerly based out of Chicago, Illinois.", "Yea Big + Kid Static __knowledge__ The group's two members, Stefen Robinson and Moses Harris, Jr., have been working together since 2005.", "Yea Big + Kid Static __knowledge__ The duo of Yea Big + Kid Static was formed in late 2005 by Stefen Robinson (Yea Big) and Moses Harris, Jr. (Kid Static).", "Yea Big + Kid Static __knowledge__ Their work is a blend of sample-based experimental hip-hop, D.I.Y.", "Yea Big + Kid Static __knowledge__ punk, and roots music.", "Yea Big + Kid Static __knowledge__ Yea Big + Kid Static has toured with bands as diverse as The Mae Shi, Rapider Than Horsepower, Bark Bark Bark and Gentleman Auction House; and released a digital-only side project, \"Secretary\", with Brad Breeck (of The Mae Shi) and Andrea Cochran.", "Sweatshop __knowledge__ Sweatshop (or sweat factory) is a pejorative term for a workplace that has poor, socially unacceptable working conditions.", "Sweatshop __knowledge__ The work may be difficult, dangerous, climatically challenged or underpaid.", "Sweatshop __knowledge__ Workers in sweatshops may work long hours with low pay, regardless of laws mandating overtime pay or a minimum wage; child labor laws may also be violated.", "Sweatshop __knowledge__ The Fair Labor Association's \"2006 Annual Public Report\" inspected factories for FLA compliance in 18 countries including Bangladesh, El Salvador, Colombia, Guatemala, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Tunisia, Turkey, China, India, Vietnam, Honduras, Indonesia, Brazil, Taiwan, Mexico, and the U.S.", "Stochastic process __knowledge__ In probability theory and related fields, a stochastic or random process is a mathematical object usually defined as a collection of random variables.", "Stochastic process __knowledge__ Historically, the random variables were associated with or indexed by a set of numbers, usually viewed as points in time, giving the interpretation of a stochastic process representing numerical values of some system randomly changing over time, such as the growth of a bacterial population, an electrical current fluctuating due to thermal noise, or the movement of a gas molecule.", "Stochastic process __knowledge__ Stochastic processes are widely used as mathematical models of systems and phenomena that appear to vary in a random manner.", "Labo, Ozamiz __knowledge__ Labo is a rural area and barangay in the city of Ozamiz, Misamis Occidental, Philippines.", "Labo, Ozamiz __knowledge__ The area is the location of the city's Labo Airport.", "Labo, Ozamiz __knowledge__ In the annals of history, the first inhabitants LABO were the Subanons.", "Labo, Ozamiz __knowledge__ These Tribal Groups partly shaped our humble beginnings that of being a healthy Barangay.", "Labo, Ozamiz __knowledge__ They owned big tracks of land which should have been fortunately handed down to their children, but because of fear and ignorance, they're forced to barter their lands to the new settlers with bolos, carpentry tools, and farm implements.", "Labo, Ozamiz __knowledge__ They were forced to move out into the hinterlands where they have new farms and established a healthy and happy family.", "Root Double: Before Crime * After Days __knowledge__ Root Double: Before Crime * After Days, stylized as \"ROOT√DOUBLE\", is a visual novel video game developed in a collaboration between Regista and Yeti, and released by Yeti for Xbox 360 and Microsoft Windows in 2012.", "Root Double: Before Crime * After Days __knowledge__ An updated version with a new ending, titled \"Xtend Edition\", was released for PlayStation 3 and PlayStation Vita in 2013 and 2014, and was released in English by Sekai Project for Microsoft Windows in 2016; the PlayStation Vita version is planned to be released in western territories in 2017.", "Root Double: Before Crime * After Days __knowledge__ The game is set in 2030 in a combined city and research hub whose residents are unable to interact with the outside world without permission from the local government.", "Abdou Labo __knowledge__ Abdou Labo is a Nigerien politician and a member of the Democratic and Social Convention (CDS-Rahama).", "Abdou Labo __knowledge__ He briefly served in the government of Niger as Minister of Defense from 1994 to 1995, and under President Mamadou Tandja he held a succession of ministerial posts in the 2000s: he was Minister of Equipment from 2000 to 2002, Minister of State for Sports and Culture from 2002 to 2004, and Minister of State for Hydraulics from 2004 to 2007.", "Abdou Labo __knowledge__ Later, under President Mahamadou Issoufou, he served as Minister of State for the Interior from 2011 to 2013 and as Minister of State for Agriculture from 2013 to 2014.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ This article provides an overview of the automotive industry in countries around the world.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ The United States was the world's largest automobile producer by volume from the early years of the 20th century until the 1980s, when it was overtaken by Japan.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ In 2009, China became the world's largest vehicle producer.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ Algeria's automotive industry is among the largest on the African continent (together with South Africa, Egypt and Morocco) and can exceed 500,000 units a year.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ Renault is the largest manufacturer with an estimated 25.5 percent of the national car market.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ Other carmakers represented there include Volkswagen (second largest), Peugeot, Hyundai (fifth largest), Nissan, and Fiat." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 4, 5 ]

[ "Absolutely. Factories typically have lots of buildings and complex machines that do constant work. All the people and machine residue can make quite a mess.", "Speaking of, factories actually came about during the Industrial Revolution. An exciting time, but also a very dirty and unsanitary one as well as space requirements were a constant struggle", "Glorified sweatshops, yes. Modern factories have large warehouses and assembly lines, but back then it was all labo intensive ", "Yup and, of course, transportation. Most large factories are usually near multiple nodes of transport such as rail, highway, or water docks" ]

[ "Factory", "Factory", "Factory", "Factory" ]

[ "Pizza\nI love me some pizza all the time I can't get enough of it.", "Yes I love a jalapeno and mushroom pizza", "Oh margherita is very good, especially with an egg on top as well", "haha yes of course, I am American but I love simple pizzas too... I would never put pineapple on my pizza or anchovies." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "Don't Stop 'Til You Get Enough __knowledge__ \"Don't Stop 'Til You Get Enough\" is a single written and recorded by American singer Michael Jackson.", "Don't Stop 'Til You Get Enough __knowledge__ Released under Epic Records on July 28, 1979, the song is the first track on \"Off the Wall\", Jackson's fifth studio album.", "Don't Stop 'Til You Get Enough __knowledge__ It was the first solo recording over which Jackson had creative control.", "Don't Stop 'Til You Get Enough __knowledge__ \"Don't Stop 'Til You Get Enough\" was Jackson's first single to hit #1 on the United States \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart in seven years, and his first solo #1 on the Soul singles chart.", "Don't Stop 'Til You Get Enough __knowledge__ It remained at #1 for six weeks on Billboard's Soul chart.", "Don't Stop 'Til You Get Enough __knowledge__ The song was a worldwide success.", "Don't Stop 'Til You Get Enough __knowledge__ Within a few months of release, the 45 was certified Gold, and eventually earned a Platinum certification for sales in excess of two million US copies.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of main characters in the \"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\" franchise.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ The Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles are a team of mutant red-eared sliders named after four Renaissance artists and living in the sewers of New York City, where they train by day and fight crime by night as ninjas.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Leonardo is the calm and courageous leader of the Ninja Turtles.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ He is the most devoted student to Master Splinter and the study of Ninjutsu.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Leo wears a blue mask and wields two ninjakens, also known as ninjatō.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Raphael is the tough, sarcastic bad boy of the Ninja Turtles.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Raph wears a red mask and wields a pair of sais.", "Off the Wall __knowledge__ Off the Wall is the fifth album by American singer Michael Jackson, released on August 10, 1979 in the United States by Epic Records and internationally by CBS Records.", "Off the Wall __knowledge__ It was his nineteenth album in total since \"Diana Ross Presents The Jackson 5\" (1969), as well as his first album released through Epic Records, the label he would record on until his death roughly 30 years later.", "Off the Wall __knowledge__ It was released following Jackson's critically well-received film performance in \"The Wiz\".", "Off the Wall __knowledge__ While working on that project, Jackson and Quincy Jones had become friends, and Jones agreed to work with Jackson on his next studio album.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The history of pizza begins in antiquity, when various ancient cultures produced flatbreads with toppings.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The precursor of pizza was probably the focaccia, a flat bread known to the Romans as \"panis focacius\", to which toppings were then added.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza developed in Naples, when tomato was added to the focaccia in the late 18th century.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The word \"pizza\" was first documented in AD 997 in Gaeta and successively in different parts of Central and Southern Italy.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Pizza was mainly eaten in the country of Italy and by emigrants from there.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ This changed after World War II, when Allied troops stationed in Italy came to enjoy pizza along with other Italian foods.", "Get Enough __knowledge__ \"Get Enough\" is the debut single by American band Ivy, released in 1994 by Seed Records.", "Get Enough __knowledge__ It was included as the opening track for their first studio album, \"Realistic\" (1995).", "Get Enough __knowledge__ It was composed by band members Dominique Durand, Adam Schlesinger and Andy Chase, and produced by the latter two and Kurt Ralske.", "Get Enough __knowledge__ The song was conceived while the band were creating material for their first extended play, \"Lately\" (1994), a project that Durand was initially reluctant to work on.", "Get Enough __knowledge__ Its production, along with the rest of \"Realistic\", was inspired by French musicians and exhibits a folk rock and pop sound.", "Get Enough __knowledge__ The song was praised by music critics, who enjoyed the production and Durand's French accent and gentle vocals.", "Israel in the Eurovision Song Contest 2018 __knowledge__ Israel will participate in the Eurovision Song Contest 2018.", "Israel in the Eurovision Song Contest 2018 __knowledge__ The Israeli broadcaster Israeli Public Broadcasting Corporation (IPBC) will collaborate with the commercial broadcaster Keshet and Tedy Productions which will organize the reality singing competition HaKokhav HaBa L'Eurovizion (\"The Next Star For Eurovision\") to select the singer, while the song will be chosen by a committee of the Israeli broadcaster.", "Israel in the Eurovision Song Contest 2018 __knowledge__ Prior to the 2018 Contest, Israel had participated in the Eurovision Song Contest forty times since its first entry in 1973.", "Israel in the Eurovision Song Contest 2018 __knowledge__ Israel has won the contest on three occasions: in 1978 with the song \"A-Ba-Ni-Bi\" performed by Izhar Cohen and the Alphabeta, in 1979 with the song \"Hallelujah\" performed by Milk and Honey and in 1998 with the song \"Diva\" performed by Dana International." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of main characters in the \"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\" franchise.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ The Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles are a team of mutant red-eared sliders named after four Renaissance artists and living in the sewers of New York City, where they train by day and fight crime by night as ninjas.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Leonardo is the calm and courageous leader of the Ninja Turtles.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ He is the most devoted student to Master Splinter and the study of Ninjutsu.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Leo wears a blue mask and wields two ninjakens, also known as ninjatō.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Raphael is the tough, sarcastic bad boy of the Ninja Turtles.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Raph wears a red mask and wields a pair of sais.", "Mellow Mushroom __knowledge__ Mellow Mushroom Pizza Bakers is a restaurant chain that was established in 1974 in Atlanta, Georgia as a single pizzeria.", "Mellow Mushroom __knowledge__ It operates as a franchise under the banner of Home Grown Industries, Inc. of Georgia, with over 150 locations throughout the United States.", "Mellow Mushroom __knowledge__ Its headquarters are in Atlanta, Georgia.", "Mellow Mushroom __knowledge__ Mellow Mushroom restaurants specialize in pizza, but they also serve calzones, hoagies, salads, appetizers, and a wide beer selection.", "Mellow Mushroom __knowledge__ Some Mellow Mushrooms deliver; those that do not have a pick-up option.", "Mellow Mushroom __knowledge__ They often feature a large selection of beer, typically 20-40 beers on draft and 50 or more bottled.", "Smoove &amp; Turrell __knowledge__ Smoove & Turrell are an English electronica group that creates a style of music they describe as 'Northern Funk'.", "Smoove &amp; Turrell __knowledge__ The duo's contemporary sound fuses a variety of musical genres including funk, Northern soul, hip hop and jazz.", "Smoove &amp; Turrell __knowledge__ Their band is composed of Jonathan Scott Watson (known as Smoove) and John Turrell.", "Smoove &amp; Turrell __knowledge__ They have released four albums: \"Antique Soul\" (Jalapeno Records, 2009), \"Eccentric Audio\" (Jalapeno Records, 2011), \"Broken Toys\" (Jalapeno Records, 2014) and \"Crown Posada\" (Jalapeno Records, 2016).", "Smoove &amp; Turrell __knowledge__ Smoove (Jonathan Scott Watson) originally started out as a professional DJ in 1990, when he worked in bars and clubs, mainly in the Newcastle upon Tyne and Sunderland areas.", "Wetzel's Pretzels __knowledge__ Wetzel's Pretzels is a Pasadena, California-based franchise of fast-food restaurants.", "Wetzel's Pretzels __knowledge__ The first Wetzel's Pretzels location opened in 1994 at the South Bay Galleria in Redondo Beach, California.", "Wetzel's Pretzels __knowledge__ Currently, Wetzel's Pretzels has 300+ locations in the United States and six other countries worldwide.", "Wetzel's Pretzels __knowledge__ In 1996, Wetzel's began franchising their brand, and now has a co-branding relationship with Cold Stone Creamery, Juice It Up!, Swensen's and more.", "Wetzel's Pretzels __knowledge__ Los Angeles private equity firm Levine Leichtman Capital Partners Inc. bought a majority stake in the company in 2007 for an undisclosed amount.", "Wetzel's Pretzels __knowledge__ Phelps still owns a 20% share, while Wetzel holds a smaller stake.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut is an American restaurant chain and international franchise founded in 1958 by Dan and Frank Carney.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ The company is known for its Italian-American cuisine menu including pizza and pasta, as well as side dishes and desserts.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut has over 16,000 locations worldwide as of 2015.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ It is a subsidiary of Yum!", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Brands, Inc., one of the world's largest restaurant companies.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut was founded in June 1958 by two Wichita State University students, brothers Dan and Frank Carney, as a single location in Wichita, Kansas.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ PepsiCo acquired Pizza Hut in November 1977.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Before closing in 2015, the oldest continuously operating Pizza Hut was in Manhattan, Kansas, in a shopping and tavern district known as Aggieville near Kansas State University.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Tomato sauce __knowledge__ Tomato sauce (also known as Neapolitan sauce, and referred to in Italy as Salsa di pomodoro) refers to any of a very large number of sauces made primarily from tomatoes, usually to be served as part of a dish (rather than as a condiment).", "Tomato sauce __knowledge__ Tomato sauces are common for meat and vegetables, but they are perhaps best known as sauces for pasta dishes.", "Tomato sauce __knowledge__ Tomatoes have a rich flavor, high liquid content, very soft flesh which breaks down easily, and the right composition to thicken into a sauce when they are cooked (without the need of thickeners such as roux).", "Tomato sauce __knowledge__ All of these qualities make them ideal for simple and appealing sauces.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Uruguayan cuisine is a fusion of cuisines of several European countries, with a particular emphasis on Mediterranean food from Spain, Italy, Portugal and France.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Other possible influences on the cuisine may result from immigration from countries such as Germany and Britain.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The food is very similar to Argentine cuisine.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The base of the country's diet is meat and animal products, mostly coming from beef but also chicken, lamb, pig and sometimes fish.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Uruguayan gastronomy came from immigration, and did not come from the Amerindians, because the new colonies did not trust the natives.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The preferred cooking methods for meats and vegetables are still boiling and roasting, but with modernization also came frying (see milanesas and chivitos)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "Margherita of Savoy __knowledge__ Margherita of Savoy (\"Margherita Maria Teresa Giovanna\"; 20 November 1851 – 4 January 1926) was the Queen consort of the Kingdom of Italy by marriage to Umberto I. Margherita was born to Prince Ferdinand, Duke of Genoa and Princess Elisabeth of Saxony.", "Margherita of Savoy __knowledge__ Her father died in 1855, and her mother remarried morganatically to Major Nicholas Rapallo.", "Margherita of Savoy __knowledge__ She was educated by countess Clelia Monticelli di Casalrosso and her Austrian governess Rosa Arbesser.", "Margherita of Savoy __knowledge__ Reportedly, she was given a more advanced education than most princesses at the time, and displayed a great deal of intellectual curiosity.", "Margherita of Savoy __knowledge__ As a person, she was described as sensitive, proud and with a strong force of will without being hard, as well as having the ability to be charming when she chose to.", "Margherita, Assam __knowledge__ Margherita (IPA: ˌmɑːgəˈrɪtə) is a census town in Tinsukia district in the Indian state of Assam.", "Margherita, Assam __knowledge__ The small sub-divisional town has scenic beauty though nothing like a tourism business.", "Margherita, Assam __knowledge__ The town is surrounded by hills, tea gardens, forest and the Dihing River.", "Margherita, Assam __knowledge__ It has a beautiful golf course at the foot of the hills and a small stream running through.", "Margherita, Assam __knowledge__ The lack of tourism is mostly due to terrorist activities in the neighboring remote locations.", "Margherita, Assam __knowledge__ The United Liberation Front of Asom (ULFA) has been active in the area over past decades.", "Margherita, Assam __knowledge__ The name Margherita actually derives from the Italian queen and dates back to the late 19th century as a token appreciation for the Italian Chief Engineer of a rail section Chevalier R Paginini who supervised the construction.", "Turin __knowledge__ Turin (; ; ) is a city and an important business and cultural centre in northern Italy.", "Turin __knowledge__ It is the capital city of the Metropolitan City of Turin (an administrative division of Italy) and of the Piedmont region, and was the first capital city of Italy from 1861 to 1865.", "Turin __knowledge__ The city is located mainly on the western bank of the Po River, in front of Susa Valley, and is surrounded by the western Alpine arch and Superga Hill.", "Turin __knowledge__ The population of the city proper is 886,837 (31 December 2016) while the population of the urban area is estimated by Eurostat to be 1.7 million inhabitants.", "Turin __knowledge__ The Turin metropolitan area is estimated by the OECD to have a population of 2.2 million.", "Elisa di Rivombrosa __knowledge__ Elisa di Rivombrosa is an Italian television series (partly inspired by the 1740 novel \"Pamela, or Virtue Rewarded\") about a love story in 18th century Italy between Fabrizio Ristori, a young Italian Count, and his mother's maid, Elisa.", "Elisa di Rivombrosa __knowledge__ It was broadcast on Mediaset for 2 seasons from 2003 to 2005: This series is followed by a spin-off called La figlia di Elisa – Ritorno a Rivombrosa (2007), which takes place in 1797 and focuses Elisa's daughter Agnese Ristori Piemonte, Italy, 1769.", "Elisa di Rivombrosa __knowledge__ Elisa Scalzi is a poor but beautiful and determined young lady, who pleasantly takes care of the old Countess Agnese Ristori of Rivombrosa.", "Ettore Petrolini __knowledge__ Ettore Petrolini (January 13, 1884 – June 29, 1936) was an Italian stage and film actor, playwright, screenwriter and novelist.", "Ettore Petrolini __knowledge__ He is considered one of the most important figures of avanspettacolo, vaudeville and revue.", "Ettore Petrolini __knowledge__ He was noted for his numerous caricature sketches, and was the \"inventor of a revolutionary and anticonformist way of performing\".", "Ettore Petrolini __knowledge__ Petrolini is also remembered for having created the Dadaist character Fortunello.", "Ettore Petrolini __knowledge__ His contribution to the history of Italian theater is now widely acknowledged, especially with regard to his influence on 20th century comedy.", "Ettore Petrolini __knowledge__ His iconic character Gastone became a byword in Italian for a certain type of stagey snob.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "Italian battleship Regina Margherita __knowledge__ Regina Margherita was the lead ship of her class of pre-dreadnought battleships built for the Italian \"Regia Marina\" between 1898 and 1904.", "Italian battleship Regina Margherita __knowledge__ She had one sister ship, \"Benedetto Brin\".", "Italian battleship Regina Margherita __knowledge__ \"Regina Margherita\" saw action in the Italo-Turkish War of 1911–1912.", "Italian battleship Regina Margherita __knowledge__ By the outbreak of World War I in 1914, the battleship had been reduced to a training ship.", "Italian battleship Regina Margherita __knowledge__ She struck two naval mines on the night of 11–12 December 1916 while steaming off Valona.", "Italian battleship Regina Margherita __knowledge__ She sank with heavy loss of life: 675 men were killed, and only 270 survived.", "Italian battleship Regina Margherita __knowledge__ \"Regina Margherita\" was long overall and had a beam of and a draft of .", "Italian battleship Regina Margherita __knowledge__ She displaced at full combat load.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Uruguayan cuisine is a fusion of cuisines of several European countries, with a particular emphasis on Mediterranean food from Spain, Italy, Portugal and France.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Other possible influences on the cuisine may result from immigration from countries such as Germany and Britain.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The food is very similar to Argentine cuisine.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The base of the country's diet is meat and animal products, mostly coming from beef but also chicken, lamb, pig and sometimes fish.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Uruguayan gastronomy came from immigration, and did not come from the Amerindians, because the new colonies did not trust the natives.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The preferred cooking methods for meats and vegetables are still boiling and roasting, but with modernization also came frying (see milanesas and chivitos).", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The history of pizza begins in antiquity, when various ancient cultures produced flatbreads with toppings.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The precursor of pizza was probably the focaccia, a flat bread known to the Romans as \"panis focacius\", to which toppings were then added.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza developed in Naples, when tomato was added to the focaccia in the late 18th century.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The word \"pizza\" was first documented in AD 997 in Gaeta and successively in different parts of Central and Southern Italy.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Pizza was mainly eaten in the country of Italy and by emigrants from there.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ This changed after World War II, when Allied troops stationed in Italy came to enjoy pizza along with other Italian foods.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The history of pizza begins in antiquity, when various ancient cultures produced flatbreads with toppings.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The precursor of pizza was probably the focaccia, a flat bread known to the Romans as \"panis focacius\", to which toppings were then added.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza developed in Naples, when tomato was added to the focaccia in the late 18th century.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The word \"pizza\" was first documented in AD 997 in Gaeta and successively in different parts of Central and Southern Italy.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Pizza was mainly eaten in the country of Italy and by emigrants from there.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ This changed after World War II, when Allied troops stationed in Italy came to enjoy pizza along with other Italian foods.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ Domino’s Pizza, Inc. is an American pizza restaurant chain founded in 1960.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ The corporation is headquartered at the Domino's Farms Office Park in Ann Arbor, Michigan.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ In 1960, Tom Monaghan and his brother, James, purchased DomiNick's, a small pizza store at 301 West Cross Street in Ypsilanti, Michigan, near Eastern Michigan University.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ The deal was secured by a $500 down payment, and the brothers borrowed $900 to pay for the store.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ The brothers planned to split the work hours evenly, but James did not want to quit his job as a full-time postman to keep up with the demands of the new business.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ Within eight months, James traded his half of the business to Tom for the Volkswagen Beetle they used for pizza deliveries.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ The pizza box or pizza package is a folding box made of cardboard in which hot pizzas are stored in for takeaway.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ The \"pizza box\" also makes home delivery and takeaway substantially easier.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ The pizza box has to be highly resistant, cheap, stackable, thermally insulated to regulate humidity and suitable for food transportation.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ In addition, it provides space for advertising.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ The pizza packages differ from those of frozen pizzas, which contain the frozen product in heat-sealed plastic foils as is the case with much frozen food.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ Containers to deliver freshly baked pizzas have existed at least since the 19th century, when Neapolitan pizza bakers put their products in multi-layered metallic containers known as \"stufe\" (singular \"stufa\", \"oven\") and then sent them to the street sellers.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is a service in which a pizzeria or pizza chain delivers a pizza to a customer.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ An order is typically made either by telephone or over the internet to the pizza chain, in which the customer can request pizza type, size and other products alongside the pizza, commonly including soft drinks.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ Pizzas may be delivered in pizza boxes or delivery bags, and deliveries are made with either an automobile, motorized scooter, or bicycle.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ Customers can, depending on the pizza chain, choose to pay online, or in person, with cash, credit or a debit card.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ A delivery fee is often charged with what the customer has bought.", "Italian Australians __knowledge__ Italian Australians comprise the fourth largest ethnic group in Australia, consisting of migrants from Italy as well as their descendants born in Australia of Italian heritage.", "Italian Australians __knowledge__ The 2006 census counted 199,124 people who were born in Italy.", "Italian Australians __knowledge__ In 2011, 916,100 persons identified themselves as having Italian ancestry, either alone or in combination with another ancestry (4.6%).", "Italian Australians __knowledge__ Italian is the fifth most identified ancestry in Australia behind 'Australian', 'English', 'Irish' and 'Scottish' and just ahead of 'German' (according to the ABS 2011 Census).", "Italian Australians __knowledge__ Italian is the second most used language at home, with 316,900 speakers (or 1.6% of the Australian population).", "Great BBQ Challenge __knowledge__ Australia's Great BBQ Challenge is a reality TV show on the Lifestyle FOOD Channel.", "Great BBQ Challenge __knowledge__ The show is a competition to find Australia's best BBQ Chef and is hosted by Jabba and was first aired 2 December 2006.", "Great BBQ Challenge __knowledge__ The winner receives $25,000 (AUD) and the chance to host their own cooking show on Lifestyle FOOD.", "Great BBQ Challenge __knowledge__ Throughout the contest the Top 21 Finalists were given challenges to test their presenting skills, to see if they have what it takes to host their own show on Lifestyle FOOD.", "Great BBQ Challenge __knowledge__ The shows' judges are Ben O'Donoghue, Julia Zemiro and Mark Adamson.", "Great BBQ Challenge __knowledge__ Celebrity chef, Ben O'Donoghue (of Surfing the Menu), gives the contestants tips on cooking technique, seasoning, time management and presentation.", "Head Chef (TV program) __knowledge__ Head Chef is an Irish cookery series on TV3, one of Ireland's national broadcasters.", "Head Chef (TV program) __knowledge__ The series featured Conrad Gallagher, the youngest ever chef to win a Michelin star, and aired from 8 April 2011 to 27 May 2011.", "Head Chef (TV program) __knowledge__ It was announced 30 May 2011 via Twitter that Celebrity Head Chef will be airing in the near future.", "Head Chef (TV program) __knowledge__ Applications are currently being accepted for Junior Head Chef.", "Head Chef (TV program) __knowledge__ Head Chef premiered with 16 contestants, by the end of the first episode, Conrad had whittled them down to 8 finalists.", "Head Chef (TV program) __knowledge__ These finalists continued to be eliminated one episode at a time until only one remained.", "Head Chef (TV program) __knowledge__ At just 19 years old, Harry was the youngest contestant, but managed to go on to win the competition.", "Bird City, Kansas __knowledge__ Bird City is a city in Cheyenne County, Kansas, United States.", "Bird City, Kansas __knowledge__ As of the 2010 census, the city population was 447.", "Bird City, Kansas __knowledge__ Bird City was founded in 1885.", "Bird City, Kansas __knowledge__ It was named for Benjamin Bird, a cattleman.", "Bird City, Kansas __knowledge__ The surrounding area was originally used predominately for livestock grazing.", "Bird City, Kansas __knowledge__ Bird City was a station and shipping point on the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad.", "Bird City, Kansas __knowledge__ Bird City is located at (39.750950, -101.533480).", "Bird City, Kansas __knowledge__ According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , all land.", "Bird City, Kansas __knowledge__ According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Bird City has a semi-arid climate, abbreviated \"BSk\" on climate maps.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ The following is a list of episodes for the reality television series \"The Great Food Truck Race\" on Food Network.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ There are seven truck teams competing in the race for a grand prize of $50,000.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Each truck team consists of a driver and two crew members who must staff the truck and are responsible for cooking, shopping, orders and publicity.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Every week they start off with no food to make things fair for all the teams who must make do with whatever cash Tyler Florence provides (seed money) at the start of each episode, in each new city.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ The trucks all convene in Los Angeles.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Austin Daily Press – This team from Austin, Texas serves hot, grilled sandwiches." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 38, 0 ]

[ "I adore pizza too - especially Italian style with a simple flatbread and tomato sauce and cheese", "I like a much more simple pizza like a margharita pizza - without all of the additional vegetables and such", "You must be from a country that eats bizarre pizzas - italians would die knowing what their signature dish had become", "Pineapple is a nice simple flavor for pizza. Goes well with traditional Italian prosciuto" ]

[ "Pizza", "Pizza", "Pizza", "Pizza" ]

[ "Stamp collecting", "No how does it work?", "What are they used for?", "Yes tell me more" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Stamp collecting is the collecting of postage stamps and related objects.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ It is related to philately which is the study of stamps.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ It has been one of the world's most popular hobbies since the late nineteenth century with the rapid growth of the postal service.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Stamp collecting proved to be an almost perfect hobby for collectors because there was a never ending stream of new stamps as each country sought to advertise its distinctiveness through its stamps.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Stamp collecting is generally accepted as one of the areas that make up the wider subject of philately, which is the study of stamps.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ A philatelist may, but does not have to, collect stamps.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ It is not uncommon for the term \"philatelist\" to be used to mean a stamp collector.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Many casual stamp collectors accumulate stamps for sheer enjoyment and relaxation without worrying about the tiny details.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ The creation of a large or comprehensive collection, however, generally requires some philatelic knowledge and will usually contain areas of philatelic studies.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Postage stamps are often collected for their historical value and geographical aspects and also for the many subjects depicted on them, ranging from ships, horses, and birds to kings, queens and presidents." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Stamp collecting is the collecting of postage stamps and related objects.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ It is related to philately which is the study of stamps.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ It has been one of the world's most popular hobbies since the late nineteenth century with the rapid growth of the postal service.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Stamp collecting proved to be an almost perfect hobby for collectors because there was a never ending stream of new stamps as each country sought to advertise its distinctiveness through its stamps.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Stamp collecting is generally accepted as one of the areas that make up the wider subject of philately, which is the study of stamps.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ A philatelist may, but does not have to, collect stamps.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ It is not uncommon for the term \"philatelist\" to be used to mean a stamp collector.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Many casual stamp collectors accumulate stamps for sheer enjoyment and relaxation without worrying about the tiny details.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ The creation of a large or comprehensive collection, however, generally requires some philatelic knowledge and will usually contain areas of philatelic studies.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Postage stamps are often collected for their historical value and geographical aspects and also for the many subjects depicted on them, ranging from ships, horses, and birds to kings, queens and presidents.", "Collective work __knowledge__ A collective work is a work that contains the works of several authors assembled and published under the direction of one natural or legal person who owns the copyright in the work as a whole.", "Collective work __knowledge__ Definitions vary considerably from one country to another, but usually treat ownership of the work as a whole as distinct from ownership of the individual contributions, so the individual authors may retain the right to publish their work elsewhere.", "Collective work __knowledge__ It is common for publication of articles on the Internet, when isolated from the context of the overall work, to be considered to be outside of the standard agreement between the author and the owner of the collective work.", "Work (thermodynamics) __knowledge__ In thermodynamics, work performed by a system is the energy transferred by the system to its surroundings, that is fully accounted for solely by macroscopic forces exerted on the system by factors external to it, that is to say, factors in its surroundings.", "Work (thermodynamics) __knowledge__ Thermodynamic work is a version of the concept of work in physics.", "Work (thermodynamics) __knowledge__ The external factors may be electromagnetic, gravitational, or pressure/volume or other simply mechanical constraints.", "Work (thermodynamics) __knowledge__ Thermodynamic work is defined to be measurable solely from knowledge of such external macroscopic forces.", "Work (thermodynamics) __knowledge__ These forces are associated with macroscopic state variables of the system that always occur in conjugate pairs, for example pressure and volume or magnetic flux density and magnetization.", "Derivative work __knowledge__ In copyright law, a derivative work is an expressive creation that includes major copyright-protected elements of an original, previously created first work (the underlying work).", "Derivative work __knowledge__ The derivative work becomes a second, separate work independent in form from the first.", "Derivative work __knowledge__ The transformation, modification or adaptation of the work must be substantial and bear its author's personality to be original and thus protected by copyright.", "Derivative work __knowledge__ Translations, cinematic adaptations and musical arrangements are common types of derivative works.", "Derivative work __knowledge__ Most countries' legal systems seek to protect both original and derivative works.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ South African labour law regulates the relationship between employers, employees and trade unions in the Republic of South Africa.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ The Native Labour Regulations Act 1911 prohibited strikes by trade unions, introduced wage ceilings and a pass system for moving around jobs.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Over 70,000 Chinese labourers were brought in, and used by landowners to undercut the wages of other workers.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Among white workers, there was significant unrest, and major strikes took place in 1907, 1913, 1914 and 1922 For a period of sixteen years, from 1979 to 1995, several critical developments occurred in the field of labour law in South Africa, beginning with a radical change in the first of these years, when a significant Commission of Enquiry was held, resulting in the establishment of an Industrial Court, which was given extensive powers to mould, change, shape and develop the law.", "Care work __knowledge__ Care work is a sub-category of work that includes all tasks that directly involve care processes done in service of others.", "Care work __knowledge__ It is often differentiated from other forms of work because it is considered to be intrinsically motivated, meaning that people are motivated to pursue care work for reasons other than financial compensation.", "Care work __knowledge__ Another factor that is often used to differentiate caring labor from other types of work is the motivating factor.", "Care work __knowledge__ This perspective defines care labor as labor undertaken out of affection or a sense of responsibility for other people, with no expectation of immediate pecuniary reward.", "Telecommuting __knowledge__ Telecommuting, also called remote work, telework, work from home, or teleworking, is a work arrangement in which employees do not commute or travel (e.g.", "Telecommuting __knowledge__ by bus or car) to a central place of work, such as an office building, warehouse, or store.", "Telecommuting __knowledge__ Teleworkers in the 21st century often use mobile telecommunications technology such as Wi-Fi-equipped laptop or tablet computers and smartphones to work from coffee shops; others may use a desktop computer and a landline phone at their home.", "Telecommuting __knowledge__ According to a Reuters poll, approximately \"one in five workers around the globe, particularly employees in the Middle East, Latin America and Asia, telecommute frequently and nearly 10 percent work from home every day.\"", "Double burden __knowledge__ Double burden is a term used to describe the workload of people who work to earn money, but who are also responsible for significant amounts of unpaid domestic labor.", "Double burden __knowledge__ This phenomenon is also known as \"The Second Shift\" as in Arlie Hochschild's book of the same name.", "Double burden __knowledge__ In couples where both partners have paid jobs, women often spend significantly more time than men on household chores and caring work, such as childrearing or caring for sick family members.", "Double burden __knowledge__ This outcome is determined in large part by traditional gender roles that have been accepted by society over time.", "Double burden __knowledge__ Labor market constraints also play a role in determining who does the bulk of unpaid work.", "Postage stamp __knowledge__ A postage stamp is a small piece of paper that is purchased and displayed on an item of mail as evidence of payment of postage.", "Postage stamp __knowledge__ Typically, stamps are printed on special custom-made paper, show a national designation and a denomination (value) on the front, and have an adhesive gum on the back or are self-adhesive.", "Postage stamp __knowledge__ Postage stamps are purchased from a postal administration (post office) or other authorized vendor, and are used to pay for the costs involved in moving mail, as well as other business necessities such as insurance and registration.", "Postage stamp __knowledge__ They are sometimes a source of net profit to the issuing agency, especially when sold to collectors who will not actually use them for postage.", "Postage stamps of Ireland __knowledge__ The postage stamps of Ireland are issued by the postal operator of the independent Irish state.", "Postage stamps of Ireland __knowledge__ Ireland was part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland when the world's first postage stamps were issued in 1840.", "Postage stamps of Ireland __knowledge__ These stamps, and all subsequent British issues, were used in Ireland until the new Irish Government assumed power in 1922.", "Postage stamps of Ireland __knowledge__ Beginning on 17 February 1922, existing British stamps were overprinted with Irish text to provide some definitives until separate Irish issues became available.", "Postage stamps of Ireland __knowledge__ Following the overprints, a regular series of definitive stamps was produced by the new Department of Posts and Telegraphs, using domestic designs.", "Postage stamps and postal history of the United States __knowledge__ The history of postal service of the United States began with the delivery of stampless letters, whose cost was borne by the receiving person, later also encompassed pre-paid letters carried by private mail carriers and provisional post offices, and culminated in a system of universal prepayment that required all letters to bear nationally issued adhesive postage stamps.", "Postage stamps and postal history of the United States __knowledge__ In the earliest days, ship captains arriving in port with stampless mail would advertise in the local newspaper names of those having mail and for them to come collect and pay for it, if not already paid for by the sender.", "Postage stamps and postal history of the United States __knowledge__ Postal delivery in the United States was a matter of haphazard local organization until after the Revolutionary War, when eventually a national postal system was established.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Mexico __knowledge__ The Mexican postal system has its roots in the Aztec system of messengers which the Spanish adopted after the Conquest.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Mexico __knowledge__ A postal service was established in 1580, mainly to communicate between the viceroyalty of New Spain with the motherland Spain.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Mexico __knowledge__ During the 18th century, Spain established a formal postal system with regular routes.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Mexico __knowledge__ In 1856, Mexico issued its first adhesive postage stamps, with \"district overprints\", a unique feature among postal systems worldwide, employed to protect from theft of postage stamps.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Mexico __knowledge__ In 1891, the postal and stamp issuing authority was created as an administrative division of the Secretaría de Comunicaciones (Secretariat of Communications).", "Presidents of the United States on U.S. postage stamps __knowledge__ Presidents of the United States have frequently appeared on U.S. postage stamps since the mid–1800s.", "Presidents of the United States on U.S. postage stamps __knowledge__ The United States Post Office released its first two postage stamps in 1847, featuring George Washington on one, and Benjamin Franklin on the other .", "Presidents of the United States on U.S. postage stamps __knowledge__ The advent of presidents on postage stamps has been definitive to U.S. postage stamp design since the first issues were released and set the precedent that U.S. stamp designs would follow for many generations.", "Presidents of the United States on U.S. postage stamps __knowledge__ The paper postage stamp itself was born of utility (in England, 1840), as something simple and easy to use was needed to confirm that postage had been paid for an item of mail.", "Mail __knowledge__ The mail or post is a system for physically transporting postcards, letters, and parcels.", "Mail __knowledge__ A postal service can be private or public, though many governments place restrictions on private systems.", "Mail __knowledge__ Since the mid-19th century, national postal systems have generally been established as government monopolies with a fee on the article prepaid.", "Mail __knowledge__ Proof of payment is often in the form of adhesive postage stamps, but postage meters are also used for bulk mailing.", "Mail __knowledge__ Modern private postal systems are typically distinguished from national postal agencies by the names \"courier\" or \"delivery service\".", "Mail __knowledge__ Postal authorities often have functions other than transporting letters." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Stamp collecting is the collecting of postage stamps and related objects.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ It is related to philately which is the study of stamps.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ It has been one of the world's most popular hobbies since the late nineteenth century with the rapid growth of the postal service.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Stamp collecting proved to be an almost perfect hobby for collectors because there was a never ending stream of new stamps as each country sought to advertise its distinctiveness through its stamps.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Stamp collecting is generally accepted as one of the areas that make up the wider subject of philately, which is the study of stamps.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ A philatelist may, but does not have to, collect stamps.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ It is not uncommon for the term \"philatelist\" to be used to mean a stamp collector.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Many casual stamp collectors accumulate stamps for sheer enjoyment and relaxation without worrying about the tiny details.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ The creation of a large or comprehensive collection, however, generally requires some philatelic knowledge and will usually contain areas of philatelic studies.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Postage stamps are often collected for their historical value and geographical aspects and also for the many subjects depicted on them, ranging from ships, horses, and birds to kings, queens and presidents.", "T–V distinction __knowledge__ In sociolinguistics, a T–V distinction (from the Latin pronouns tu\" and vos\") is a contrast, within one language, between various forms of addressing one's conversation partner or partners that are specialized for varying levels of politeness, social distance, courtesy, familiarity, age or insult toward the addressee.", "T–V distinction __knowledge__ Many languages lack this type of distinction, instead relying on more explicit wording to convey these meanings.", "T–V distinction __knowledge__ The morphosyntactic T–V distinction, though, is found in a variety of languages around the world.", "T–V distinction __knowledge__ Modern English technically has the T–V distinction, manifested in the pronouns \"thou\" and \"you\", though the familiar \"thou\" is no longer used in most contemporary dialects.", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ This article is about placeholder names in various languages.", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ In Afrikaans, \"dinges\" ('thing'), \"goeters\" ('things'), \"watsenaam\" ('what's its name') are common placeholders.", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ A common placeholder name for a semi-mythological place - much the same as Timbuktu - is \"Pofadder\" (a real town).", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ A general term for a far away, remote/rural environment is \"Boendoe\".", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ \"Van die jaar toet\" (from the year \"tut\") is often used to indicate an unspecified, long time ago.", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ Arabic uses \"Fulan\", \"Fulana[h]\" (فلان / فلانة) and when a last name is needed it becomes \"Fulan AlFulani\", \"Fulana[h] AlFulaniyya[h]\" (فلان الفلاني / فلانة الفلانية).", "Official state car __knowledge__ An official state car is a car used by a government to transport its head of state or head of government in an official capacity, which may also be used occasionally to transport other members of the government or visiting dignitaries from other countries.", "Official state car __knowledge__ A few countries bring their own official state car for state visits to other countries, for instance, the United States, Russia and the United Kingdom.", "Official state car __knowledge__ It also may serve as an automotive symbol of the head of state and their country.", "Official state car __knowledge__ Part of the criteria for an official state car is to have adequate security, capability and stateliness for its duty.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ This list comprises the items featured in the American fantasy-drama television series \"Once Upon a Time\" and its spin-off \"Once Upon a Time in Wonderland\".", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ The Aging Dust is causes the victim to age.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ The amount of aging depends on the amount of dust used.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ Emma put some in the onion rings she gave Zelena, to accelerate her pregnancy.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ She wanted baby Robin out of the way so she could put the Darkness into Zelena and then kill her with Excalibur.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ Mr. Gold owns some as well as he used it to temporarily age a fairy that he and the Evil Queen chased and captured into an old woman.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ Regina was mentioned to have found a way to restore the fairy back to her rightful age.", "Aircraft in fiction __knowledge__ Aircraft in fiction covers the various real-world aircraft that have made significant appearances in fiction over the decades, including in books, films, toys, TV programs, video games, and other media.", "Aircraft in fiction __knowledge__ These appearances spotlight the popularity of different models of aircraft, and showcase the different types for the general public.", "Aircraft in fiction __knowledge__ The first aviation film was the 1911 William J. Humphrey–directed two-reeler, \"The Military Air-Scout\", shot following an Aero Club of America flying meet at Long Island, New York, with Lt. Henry Arnold doing the stunt flying.", "Aircraft in fiction __knowledge__ \"Arnold, who picked up 'a few extra bucks' for his services, became so excited about movies that he almost quit the Army to become an actor.\"", "List of North American Numbering Plan area codes __knowledge__ The North American Numbering Plan (NANP) divides the territories of its member countries into Numbering Plan Areas (NPAs), each identified by a three-digit code commonly called area code.", "List of North American Numbering Plan area codes __knowledge__ The rules for numbering NPAs do not permit the digits \"0\" and \"1\" as the leading digit of an area code, which also applies for central office codes.", "List of North American Numbering Plan area codes __knowledge__ \"0\" has been used traditionally for operator-assisted telephone calls, and the digit \"1\" was traditionally ignored in switching equipment as a leading digit, because it could not be distinguished reliably from intermittent loop disconnections when subscribers operated telephones.", "Chichewa tenses __knowledge__ Chichewa (also but less commonly known as Chinyanja, Chewa or Nyanja) is the main lingua franca of central and southern Malawi and neighbouring regions.", "Chichewa tenses __knowledge__ Like other Bantu languages it has a wide range of tenses.", "Chichewa tenses __knowledge__ In terms of time, Chichewa tenses can be divided into present, recent past, remote past, near future, and remote future.", "Chichewa tenses __knowledge__ The dividing line between near and remote tenses is not exact, however.", "Chichewa tenses __knowledge__ Remote tenses cannot be used of events of today, but near tenses can be used of events earlier or later than today.", "Chichewa tenses __knowledge__ The Chichewa tense system also incorporates aspectual distinctions.", "Chichewa tenses __knowledge__ Except for the Present Simple, nearly every tense in Chichewa is either perfective or imperfective in aspect; for example the Recent Past \"ndinapíta\" \"I went\" is perfective, describing a simple action, while the Past Imperfective \"ndimapíta\" \"I was going, I used to go\" is imperfective, describing a continuing or habitual action.", "Postage stamps and postal history of the United States __knowledge__ The history of postal service of the United States began with the delivery of stampless letters, whose cost was borne by the receiving person, later also encompassed pre-paid letters carried by private mail carriers and provisional post offices, and culminated in a system of universal prepayment that required all letters to bear nationally issued adhesive postage stamps.", "Postage stamps and postal history of the United States __knowledge__ In the earliest days, ship captains arriving in port with stampless mail would advertise in the local newspaper names of those having mail and for them to come collect and pay for it, if not already paid for by the sender.", "Postage stamps and postal history of the United States __knowledge__ Postal delivery in the United States was a matter of haphazard local organization until after the Revolutionary War, when eventually a national postal system was established.", "Postage stamp __knowledge__ A postage stamp is a small piece of paper that is purchased and displayed on an item of mail as evidence of payment of postage.", "Postage stamp __knowledge__ Typically, stamps are printed on special custom-made paper, show a national designation and a denomination (value) on the front, and have an adhesive gum on the back or are self-adhesive.", "Postage stamp __knowledge__ Postage stamps are purchased from a postal administration (post office) or other authorized vendor, and are used to pay for the costs involved in moving mail, as well as other business necessities such as insurance and registration.", "Postage stamp __knowledge__ They are sometimes a source of net profit to the issuing agency, especially when sold to collectors who will not actually use them for postage.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Mexico __knowledge__ The Mexican postal system has its roots in the Aztec system of messengers which the Spanish adopted after the Conquest.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Mexico __knowledge__ A postal service was established in 1580, mainly to communicate between the viceroyalty of New Spain with the motherland Spain.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Mexico __knowledge__ During the 18th century, Spain established a formal postal system with regular routes.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Mexico __knowledge__ In 1856, Mexico issued its first adhesive postage stamps, with \"district overprints\", a unique feature among postal systems worldwide, employed to protect from theft of postage stamps.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Mexico __knowledge__ In 1891, the postal and stamp issuing authority was created as an administrative division of the Secretaría de Comunicaciones (Secretariat of Communications).", "Postage stamps of Ireland __knowledge__ The postage stamps of Ireland are issued by the postal operator of the independent Irish state.", "Postage stamps of Ireland __knowledge__ Ireland was part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland when the world's first postage stamps were issued in 1840.", "Postage stamps of Ireland __knowledge__ These stamps, and all subsequent British issues, were used in Ireland until the new Irish Government assumed power in 1922.", "Postage stamps of Ireland __knowledge__ Beginning on 17 February 1922, existing British stamps were overprinted with Irish text to provide some definitives until separate Irish issues became available.", "Postage stamps of Ireland __knowledge__ Following the overprints, a regular series of definitive stamps was produced by the new Department of Posts and Telegraphs, using domestic designs.", "Postage stamps and postal history of the Philippines __knowledge__ This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of The Philippines.", "Postage stamps and postal history of the Philippines __knowledge__ In 1767, the first post office was established in the city of Manila, which was later organized under a new postal district of Spain, encompassing Manila and the entire Philippine archipelago, in 1779.", "Postage stamps and postal history of the Philippines __knowledge__ The postal district was reestablished on December 5, 1837.", "Postage stamps and postal history of the Philippines __knowledge__ A year later, Manila became known as a leading center of postal services within Asia.", "Postage stamps and postal history of the Philippines __knowledge__ Spain joined the Universal Postal Union in 1875, which was announced in the Philippines two years later.", "Postage stamps and postal history of the Philippines __knowledge__ During the Philippine Revolution, President Emilio Aguinaldo ordered the establishment of a postal service to provide postal services to Filipinos during that time.", "Postage stamps and postal history of India __knowledge__ This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of India.", "Postage stamps and postal history of India __knowledge__ Indian postal systems for efficient military and governmental communications had developed long before the arrival of Europeans.", "Postage stamps and postal history of India __knowledge__ When the Portuguese, Dutch, French, Danish and British displaced The Marathas who had already defeated the Mughals, their postal systems existed alongside those of many somewhat independent states.", "Postage stamps and postal history of India __knowledge__ The British East India Company gradually displaced other powers and brought into existence a British administrative system over most of India, with a need to establish and maintain both official and commercial mail systems." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Stamp collecting is the collecting of postage stamps and related objects.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ It is related to philately which is the study of stamps.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ It has been one of the world's most popular hobbies since the late nineteenth century with the rapid growth of the postal service.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Stamp collecting proved to be an almost perfect hobby for collectors because there was a never ending stream of new stamps as each country sought to advertise its distinctiveness through its stamps.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Stamp collecting is generally accepted as one of the areas that make up the wider subject of philately, which is the study of stamps.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ A philatelist may, but does not have to, collect stamps.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ It is not uncommon for the term \"philatelist\" to be used to mean a stamp collector.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Many casual stamp collectors accumulate stamps for sheer enjoyment and relaxation without worrying about the tiny details.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ The creation of a large or comprehensive collection, however, generally requires some philatelic knowledge and will usually contain areas of philatelic studies.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Postage stamps are often collected for their historical value and geographical aspects and also for the many subjects depicted on them, ranging from ships, horses, and birds to kings, queens and presidents.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Yes Minister is a Political satire British sitcom written by Antony Jay and Jonathan Lynn that was first transmitted on BBC Two from 1980 to 1984, split over three seven-episode series.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ The sequel, Yes, Prime Minister, ran from 1986 to 1988.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ In total there were 38 episodes, of which all but one lasted half an hour.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Almost all episodes ended with a variation of the title of the series spoken as the answer to a question posed by Hacker.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Several episodes were adapted for BBC Radio, and a stage play was produced in 2010, the latter leading to a new television series on UKTV Gold in 2013.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Set principally in the private office of a British Cabinet minister in the fictional Department of Administrative Affairs in Whitehall, \"Yes Minister\" follows the ministerial career of the Rt Hon Jim Hacker MP, played by Paul Eddington.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Indigenous Peoples' Rights Act of 1997 __knowledge__ Indigenous People's Rights Act of 1997 (IPRA) (RA 8371) is a legislation that recognize and promote all the rights of Indigenous Cultural Communities/Indigenous Peoples of the Philippines.", "Indigenous Peoples' Rights Act of 1997 __knowledge__ Year 1909, in the case of Cariño vs. Insular Government, the court has recognized long occupancy of land by an indigenous member of the cultural communities as one of private ownership, which, in legal concept, is termed \"native title\".", "Indigenous Peoples' Rights Act of 1997 __knowledge__ This case paved the way for the government to review the so-called \"native title\" or \"private right.\"", "Indigenous Peoples' Rights Act of 1997 __knowledge__ In the year 1919, the Second Public Land Act was enacted, recognizing the right of ownership of any native of the country who, since July 4, 1907, or prior thereto, has continuously occupied and cultivated, either by himself or through his predecessors-in-interest, a tract of agricultural public land.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ The 1995 Quebec referendum was the second referendum to ask voters in the Canadian French-speaking province of Quebec whether Quebec should proclaim national sovereignty and become an independent country, with the condition precedent of offering a political and economic agreement to Canada.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ The culmination of multiple years of debate and planning after the failure of the Meech Lake and Charlottetown constitutional accords, the referendum was launched solely by the provincial Parti Québécois government of Jacques Parizeau.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ Despite initial predictions of a heavy sovereignist defeat, an eventful and complex campaign followed, with the \"Yes\" side flourishing after being taken over by charismatic Bloc Québécois leader Lucien Bouchard.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ The Yes Men are a culture jamming activist duo and network of supporters created by Jacques Servin and Igor Vamos.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ Through actions of tactical media, the Yes Men primarily aim to raise awareness about problematic social and political issues.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ To date, the duo have produced three films: \"The Yes Men\" (2003), \"The Yes Men Fix the World\" (2009) and \"The Yes Men Are Revolting\" (2014).", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ In these films, they impersonate entities that they dislike, a practice that they call \"identity correction\".", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ The Yes Men operate under the mission statement that lies can expose truth.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ They create and maintain fake websites similar to ones they intend to spoof, which have led to numerous interview, conference, and TV talk show invitations.", "YES Network __knowledge__ The Yankees Entertainment and Sports Network (YES) is an American cable and satellite television regional sports network that is owned by 21st Century Fox (which owns a controlling 80% interest and serves as managing partner) and Yankee Global Enterprises (which owns the remaining 20%).", "YES Network __knowledge__ Primarily serving New York City, New York and the surrounding metropolitan area, it broadcasts a variety of sports events, as well as magazine, documentary and discussion programs; however, its main emphasis is focused on games and team-related programs involving the New York Yankees of Major League Baseball (owned by minority partner Yankee Global), the NBA's Brooklyn Nets and New York City FC of Major League Soccer.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Yes and no, or word pairs with a similar usage , are expressions of the affirmative and the negative, respectively, in several languages including English.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages make distinction between answers to affirmative versus negative questions, thus may have triplet or quadruplets of words instead.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ English originally used a four-form system up to and including Early Middle English but Modern English has reduced this to a two-form system consisting of just 'yes' and 'no'.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ It exists in eye blink communication, Morse Code, sign language, and maybe in color coded flag communication.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages do not answer yes–no questions with single words meaning 'yes' or 'no'.", "Postage stamp __knowledge__ A postage stamp is a small piece of paper that is purchased and displayed on an item of mail as evidence of payment of postage.", "Postage stamp __knowledge__ Typically, stamps are printed on special custom-made paper, show a national designation and a denomination (value) on the front, and have an adhesive gum on the back or are self-adhesive.", "Postage stamp __knowledge__ Postage stamps are purchased from a postal administration (post office) or other authorized vendor, and are used to pay for the costs involved in moving mail, as well as other business necessities such as insurance and registration.", "Postage stamp __knowledge__ They are sometimes a source of net profit to the issuing agency, especially when sold to collectors who will not actually use them for postage.", "Postage stamps and postal history of the United States __knowledge__ The history of postal service of the United States began with the delivery of stampless letters, whose cost was borne by the receiving person, later also encompassed pre-paid letters carried by private mail carriers and provisional post offices, and culminated in a system of universal prepayment that required all letters to bear nationally issued adhesive postage stamps.", "Postage stamps and postal history of the United States __knowledge__ In the earliest days, ship captains arriving in port with stampless mail would advertise in the local newspaper names of those having mail and for them to come collect and pay for it, if not already paid for by the sender.", "Postage stamps and postal history of the United States __knowledge__ Postal delivery in the United States was a matter of haphazard local organization until after the Revolutionary War, when eventually a national postal system was established.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Bhutan __knowledge__ The first postage stamps of Bhutan were issued in 1962, the same year that the first motorable road was opened.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Bhutan __knowledge__ Before that there was a mail delivery system in place for official mail using mail runners, and between 1955 and 1962 revenue stamps were accepted as payment for internal mail.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Bhutan __knowledge__ With the opening up of Bhutan in the early 1960s, a formal postal system was introduced.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Bhutan __knowledge__ The American entrepreneur Burt Todd assisted in establishing a postage stamp program in the country and Bhutan became known for the unusual designs and materials of its stamps which were chosen by Todd specifically to attract attention.", "Philatelic fakes and forgeries __knowledge__ In general, philatelic fakes and forgeries refers to labels that look like postage stamps but are not.", "Philatelic fakes and forgeries __knowledge__ Most have been produced to deceive or defraud.", "Philatelic fakes and forgeries __knowledge__ Learning to identify these can be a challenging branch of philately.", "Philatelic fakes and forgeries __knowledge__ To a large extent the definitions below are consistent with those given in the introduction to various recent editions of the \"Scott Standard Postage Stamp Catalogue\".", "Philatelic fakes and forgeries __knowledge__ \"We use the term \"\"forgery\"\" to indicate stamps produced to defraud collectors (properly known as forgeries) and to defraud stamp-issuing governments (properly known as counterfeits).", "Philatelic fakes and forgeries __knowledge__ \"\"Fake\"\" is used to indicate the alteration of a genuine stamp to make it appear as something else.", "Cancellation (mail) __knowledge__ A cancellation (or cancel for short; French: \"oblitération\") is a postal marking applied on a postage stamp or postal stationery to deface the stamp and prevent its re-use.", "Cancellation (mail) __knowledge__ Cancellations come in a huge variety of designs, shapes, sizes and colors.", "Cancellation (mail) __knowledge__ Modern United States cancellations commonly include the date and post office location where the stamps were mailed, in addition to lines or bars designed to cover the stamp itself.", "Cancellation (mail) __knowledge__ The term \"postal marking\" sometimes is used to refer specifically to the part that contains the date and posting location, although the term often is used interchangeably with \"cancellation.\"", "Federal Duck Stamp __knowledge__ The Federal Duck Stamp, formally known as the Migratory Bird Hunting and Conservation Stamp, is an adhesive stamp issued by the United States federal government that must be purchased prior to hunting for migratory waterfowl such as ducks and geese.", "Federal Duck Stamp __knowledge__ It is also used to gain entrance to National Wildlife Refuges that normally charge for admission.", "Federal Duck Stamp __knowledge__ It is widely seen as a collectable and a means to raise funds for wetland conservation, with 98% of the proceeds of each sale going to the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund.", "Federal Duck Stamp __knowledge__ President Herbert Hoover signed the Migratory Bird Conservation Act in 1929 to authorize the acquisition and preservation of wetlands as waterfowl habitat." ] ]

[ 1, 4, 8, 10 ]

[ "My favorite hobby is stamp collecting its a collecting of postage stamps and related objects, have you tried it?", "Well you search for new postage stamps, it proved to be an almost perfect hobby for collectors because there was a never ending stream of new stamps", "Many casual stamp collectors accumulate stamps for sheer enjoyment, its also really relaxing, and interesting to have stamps from all around the world", "They are often are often collected for their historical value and geographical aspects, i have a lot of stamps from Asia, India is really interesting" ]

[ "Stamp collecting", "Stamp collecting", "Stamp collecting", "Stamp collecting" ]

[ "New York City\nI was in New York for a bit. Have you ever lived there?", "Is it the financial hub of the US?", "Do you know what New York was named after?", "Oh yeah, I think I saw the UN building in a movie. What about the statue of liberty, why was it built?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "New York City __knowledge__ The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ With an estimated 2016 population of 8,537,673 distributed over a land area of about , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world with an estimated 23.7 million residents as of 2016.", "New York City __knowledge__ A global power city, New York City has been described as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world, and exerts a significant impact upon commerce, entertainment, research, technology, education, politics, and sports.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city's fast pace defines the term \"New York minute\".", "New York City __knowledge__ Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy.", "New York City __knowledge__ Situated on one of the world's largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, each of which is a separate county of New York State.", "New York City __knowledge__ The five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city and its metropolitan area constitute the premier gateway for legal immigration to the United States, and as many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world.", "The Greatest Man That Ever Lived (Variations on a Shaker Hymn) __knowledge__ \"The Greatest Man That Ever Lived (Variations on a Shaker Hymn)\" is a song released as an iTunes single from American alternative rock band Weezer's sixth album, \"Weezer\" (2008).", "The Greatest Man That Ever Lived (Variations on a Shaker Hymn) __knowledge__ \"The Greatest Man That Ever Lived (Variations on a Shaker Hymn)\" was released to radio on December 9, 2008.", "The Greatest Man That Ever Lived (Variations on a Shaker Hymn) __knowledge__ The song bears a resemblance to the Shaker song \"Simple Gifts\" hence the \"(Variations on a Shaker Hymn)\" in the title.", "The Greatest Man That Ever Lived (Variations on a Shaker Hymn) __knowledge__ According to lead vocalist and writer Rivers Cuomo, \"The Greatest Man\" has 11 different themes, including rapping and imitations of other bands such as Nirvana and Aerosmith (both of whom also recorded for Weezer's then-label Geffen Records at one point).", "Doomsday argument __knowledge__ The Doomsday argument (DA) is a probabilistic argument that claims to predict the number of future members of the human species given an estimate of the total number of humans born so far.", "Doomsday argument __knowledge__ Simply put, it says that supposing that all humans are born in a random order, chances are that any one human is born roughly in the middle.", "Doomsday argument __knowledge__ It was first proposed in an explicit way by the astrophysicist Brandon Carter in 1983, from which it is sometimes called the Carter catastrophe; the argument was subsequently championed by the philosopher John A. Leslie and has since been independently discovered by J. Richard Gott and Holger Bech Nielsen.", "Ted Williams __knowledge__ Theodore Samuel Williams (August 30, 1918 – July 5, 2002) was an American professional baseball player and manager.", "Ted Williams __knowledge__ He played his entire 19-year Major League Baseball (MLB) career as a left fielder for the Boston Red Sox from 1939 to 1960, only interrupted by service time during World War II and the Korean War.", "Ted Williams __knowledge__ Nicknamed \"The Kid\", \"The Splendid Splinter\", \"Teddy Ballgame\", \"The Thumper\", and \"The Greatest Hitter Who Ever Lived\", Williams is regarded as one of the greatest players in baseball history.", "Ted Williams __knowledge__ Williams was also an outstanding fielder, especially in the difficult left field of Fenway Park in Boston.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters from the \"Forgotten Realms\" campaign setting for the \"Dungeons & Dragons\" fantasy role-playing game.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Most of these characters have appeared in the multiple series of novels set in the \"Forgotten Realms\".", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Many have some magical abilities.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Aballister Bonaduce is the nemesis of his son Cadderly Bonaduce, the main character of R.A. Salvatore's The Cleric Quintet.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Calculating, cold, and merciless, Aballister is determined to complete his conquest of the region.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Guided by the goddess Talona, Mistress of Poison, Aballister creates The Chaos Curse and unleashes it upon The Edificant Library, home of Cadderly and his friends.", "Bobby Fischer __knowledge__ Robert James Fischer (March 9, 1943January 17, 2008) was an American chess grandmaster and the eleventh World Chess Champion.", "Bobby Fischer __knowledge__ Many consider him to be the greatest chess player of all time.", "Bobby Fischer __knowledge__ In 1972, he captured the World Chess Championship from Boris Spassky of the USSR in a match held in Reykjavík, Iceland, publicized as a Cold War confrontation, which attracted more worldwide interest than any chess championship before or since.", "Bobby Fischer __knowledge__ In 1975, Fischer refused to defend his title when an agreement could not be reached with FIDE, the game's international governing body, over one of the conditions for the match.", "Irving Berlin __knowledge__ Irving Berlin (born Israel Beilin; May 11, 1888 – September 22, 1989) was an American composer and lyricist, widely considered one of the greatest songwriters in American history.", "Irving Berlin __knowledge__ His music forms a great part of the Great American Songbook.", "Irving Berlin __knowledge__ Born in Imperial Russia, Berlin arrived in the United States at the age of five.", "Irving Berlin __knowledge__ He published his first song, \"Marie from Sunny Italy\", in 1907, receiving 33 cents for the publishing rights, and had his first major international hit, \"Alexander's Ragtime Band\" in 1911.", "Irving Berlin __knowledge__ He also was an owner of the Music Box Theatre on Broadway.", "Irving Berlin __knowledge__ \"Alexander's Ragtime Band\" sparked an international dance craze in places as far away as Berlin's native Russia, which also \"flung itself into the ragtime beat with an abandon bordering on mania.\"", "Jimi Hendrix __knowledge__ James Marshall \"Jimi\" Hendrix (born Johnny Allen Hendrix; November 27, 1942 – September 18, 1970) was an American rock guitarist, singer, and songwriter.", "Jimi Hendrix __knowledge__ Although his mainstream career spanned only four years, he is widely regarded as one of the most influential electric guitarists in the history of popular music, and one of the most celebrated musicians of the 20th century.", "Jimi Hendrix __knowledge__ The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame describes him as \"arguably the greatest instrumentalist in the history of rock music\".", "Jimi Hendrix __knowledge__ Born in Seattle, Washington, Hendrix began playing guitar at the age of 15.", "Jimi Hendrix __knowledge__ In 1961, he enlisted in the U.S. Army and trained as a paratrooper in the 101st Airborne Division; he was granted an honorable discharge the following year." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "New York City __knowledge__ The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ With an estimated 2016 population of 8,537,673 distributed over a land area of about , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world with an estimated 23.7 million residents as of 2016.", "New York City __knowledge__ A global power city, New York City has been described as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world, and exerts a significant impact upon commerce, entertainment, research, technology, education, politics, and sports.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city's fast pace defines the term \"New York minute\".", "New York City __knowledge__ Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy.", "New York City __knowledge__ Situated on one of the world's largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, each of which is a separate county of New York State.", "New York City __knowledge__ The five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city and its metropolitan area constitute the premier gateway for legal immigration to the United States, and as many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world.", "Southeast Leatherfest __knowledge__ Southeast Leatherfest (SELF) is an annual adult fetish event for the BDSM, leather, and kink communities based in the United States' Southeast and centered in Georgia with regional and smaller related events held throughout the year.", "Southeast Leatherfest __knowledge__ SELF was started in 1995 by Jack Stice, International Master 1995.", "Southeast Leatherfest __knowledge__ It was concepted as a BDSM, Master/slave event to welcome all sections of the SM communities, highlighting on the Leather.", "Southeast Leatherfest __knowledge__ Modeled after International Mister Leather and Drummer (now International Leather Sir and boy) SELF added classes to this model.", "Southeast Leatherfest __knowledge__ Since 1995 has been one of the largest sex education and BDSM education events in the south east region of the United States openly supporting underground kink, fetish, Master/slave, and Dominant/submission communities.", "Occupy movement __knowledge__ The Occupy movement is an international socio-political movement against social and economic inequality and lack of \"real democracy\" around the world, its primary goal being to advance social and economic justice and new forms of democracy.", "Occupy movement __knowledge__ The movement has many different scopes; local groups often have different focuses, but among the movement's prime concerns are how large corporations (and the global financial system) control the world in a way that disproportionately benefits a minority, undermines democracy, and is unstable.", "Occupy movement __knowledge__ It is part of what Manfred Steger calls the \"global justice movement\".", "Economy of Singapore __knowledge__ The economy of Singapore is a highly developed free-market economy.", "Economy of Singapore __knowledge__ Singapore's economy has been ranked as the most open in the world, 7th least corrupt, most pro-business, with low tax rates (14.2% of Gross Domestic Product, GDP) and has the third highest per-capita GDP in the world in terms of Purchasing Power Parity (PPP).", "Economy of Singapore __knowledge__ APEC is headquartered in Singapore.", "Economy of Singapore __knowledge__ Government-linked companies play a substantial role in Singapore's economy.", "Economy of Singapore __knowledge__ Sovereign wealth fund Temasek Holdings holds majority stakes in several of the nation's largest companies, such as Singapore Airlines, SingTel, ST Engineering and MediaCorp.", "Manama __knowledge__ Manama ( \"\" ) is the capital and largest city of Bahrain, with an approximate population of 157,000 people.", "Manama __knowledge__ Long an important trading center in the Persian Gulf, Manama is home to a very diverse population.", "Manama __knowledge__ After periods of Portuguese and Persian control and invasions from the ruling dynasties of Saudi Arabia and Oman, Bahrain established itself as an independent nation during the 19th century period of British hegemony.", "Manama __knowledge__ Although the current twin cities of Manama and Muharraq appear to have been founded simultaneously in the 1800s, Muharraq took prominence due to its defensive location and was thus the capital of Bahrain until 1921.", "Financial Hub Center __knowledge__ Financial Hub Center (Fn Hub Korea) is the center of the Financial Supervisory Service responsible for assisting the launch and expansion of financial companies' business in Korea.", "Financial Hub Center __knowledge__ It was founded in September 2008 under the Act on the Creation and Development of Financial Hubs and has the purpose of promoting Seoul and Busan as major international financial centers in Northeast Asia.", "Financial Hub Center __knowledge__ The center provides free advice and one-stop services to help financial companies operate successfully in Korea's vibrant financial market.", "Financial Hub Center __knowledge__ It also helps Korean financial companies expand into international markets for global business opportunities.", "Kuala Lumpur Sentral railway station __knowledge__ Kuala Lumpur Sentral (KL Sentral) or Sentral Kuala Lumpur is a transit-oriented development that houses the main railway station of Kuala Lumpur, the capital of Malaysia.", "Kuala Lumpur Sentral railway station __knowledge__ Opened on 16 April 2001, KL Sentral replaced the old Kuala Lumpur railway station as the city's main intercity railway station.", "Kuala Lumpur Sentral railway station __knowledge__ KL Sentral is the largest railway station in Malaysia.", "Kuala Lumpur Sentral railway station __knowledge__ KL Sentral is designed as an intermodal transport hub.", "Kuala Lumpur Sentral railway station __knowledge__ All of Kuala Lumpur's passenger rail lines except the Ampang Line serve KL Sentral, while many intercity trains serving Peninsular Malaysia start there.", "Kuala Lumpur Sentral railway station __knowledge__ All the railway components of the scheme have been completed, and Nu Sentral shopping mall is located here.", "Insurgency in Balochistan __knowledge__ The insurgency in Balochistan is a guerrilla war waged by Baloch nationalists against the governments of Pakistan and Iran in the Balochistan region, which covers Balochistan Province in southwestern Pakistan, Sistan and Baluchestan Province in southeastern Iran, and the Balochistan region of southern Afghanistan.", "Insurgency in Balochistan __knowledge__ Rich in natural resources like natural gas, oil, coal, copper, sulphur, fluoride and gold, this is the least developed province in Pakistan.", "Insurgency in Balochistan __knowledge__ Armed groups demand greater control of the province's natural resources and political autonomy.", "Insurgency in Balochistan __knowledge__ Baloch separatists have attacked civilians from other ethnicities in the province.", "Phoenix, Arizona __knowledge__ Phoenix () is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. state of Arizona.", "Phoenix, Arizona __knowledge__ With 1,615,017 people (), Phoenix is the fifth most populous city nationwide, the most populous state capital in the United States, and the only state capital with a population of more than one million residents.", "Phoenix, Arizona __knowledge__ Phoenix is the anchor of the Phoenix metropolitan area, also known as the Valley of the Sun, which in turn is a part of the Salt River Valley.", "Phoenix, Arizona __knowledge__ The metropolitan area is the 12th largest by population in the United States, with approximately 4.3 million people .", "Phoenix, Arizona __knowledge__ In addition, Phoenix is the seat of Maricopa County and, at 517.9 square miles (1,341 km), it is the largest city in the state, more than twice the size of Tucson and one of the largest cities in the United States.", "Denver __knowledge__ Denver (), officially the City and County of Denver, is the capital and most populous municipality of the U.S. state of Colorado.", "Denver __knowledge__ Denver is in the South Platte River Valley on the western edge of the High Plains just east of the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains.", "Denver __knowledge__ The Denver downtown district is immediately east of the confluence of Cherry Creek with the South Platte River, approximately east of the foothills of the Rocky Mountains.", "Denver __knowledge__ Denver is nicknamed the \"Mile High City\" because its official elevation is exactly one mile () above sea level, making it the highest major city in the United States.", "Iran __knowledge__ Iran ( ), also known as Persia (), officially the Islamic Republic of Iran ( ), is a sovereign state in Western Asia.", "Iran __knowledge__ With over 81 million inhabitants, Iran is the world's 18th-most-populous country.", "Iran __knowledge__ Comprising a land area of , it is the second-largest country in the Middle East and the 17th-largest in the world.", "Iran __knowledge__ Iran is bordered to the northwest by Armenia, the Republic of Azerbaijan, and the Azerbaijani exclave of Nakhchivan; to the north by the Caspian Sea; to the northeast by Turkmenistan; to the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan; to the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman; and to the west by Turkey and Iraq.", "Illinois __knowledge__ Illinois ( ) is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States.", "Illinois __knowledge__ It is the 6th most populous state and 25th largest state in terms of land area, and is often noted as a microcosm of the entire country.", "Illinois __knowledge__ With Chicago in the northeast, small industrial cities and great agricultural productivity in central and northern Illinois, and natural resources like coal, timber, and petroleum in the south, Illinois has a diverse economic base and is a major transportation hub.", "Illinois __knowledge__ The Port of Chicago connects the state to other global ports from the Great Lakes, via the Saint Lawrence Seaway, to the Atlantic Ocean, as well as the Great Lakes to the Mississippi River, via the Illinois Waterway.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ New York is a state in the northeastern United States.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ New York was one of the original thirteen colonies that formed the United States.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ With an estimated 19.85 million residents in 2017, it is the fourth most populous state in the United States.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ To differentiate from its city with the same name, it is sometimes called New York State.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ The state's largest city, New York City, makes up over 40% of the state's population.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ Two-thirds of the state's population lives in the New York metropolitan area, and nearly 40% lives on Long Island.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ The state and city were both named for the 17th-century Duke of York, future King James II of England.", "United States House of Representatives elections in Tennessee, 2012 __knowledge__ The 2012 United States House of Representatives elections in Tennessee were held on Tuesday, November 6, 2012 and elected the nine U.S.", "United States House of Representatives elections in Tennessee, 2012 __knowledge__ Representatives from the state of Tennessee, apportioned according to the 2010 United States Census.", "United States House of Representatives elections in Tennessee, 2012 __knowledge__ The elections coincided with the elections of other federal and state offices, including a quadrennial presidential election and an election to the U.S. Senate.", "United States House of Representatives elections in Tennessee, 2012 __knowledge__ Primary elections were held on August 2, 2012.", "United States House of Representatives elections in Tennessee, 2012 __knowledge__ The redrawn 1st district will represent Carter, Cocke, Greene, Hamblen, Hancock, Hawkins, Johnson, Sevier, Sullivan, Unicoi, and Washington counties, and parts of Jefferson County.", "Laredo, Texas __knowledge__ Laredo ( ; ) is the county seat of Webb County, Texas, United States, located on the north bank of the Rio Grande in South Texas, across from Nuevo Laredo, Tamaulipas, Mexico.", "Laredo, Texas __knowledge__ According to the 2010 census, the city population was 236,091, making it the tenth-most populous city in the state of Texas and third-most populated on the Mexico–United States border, after San Diego, California, and El Paso, Texas.", "Laredo, Texas __knowledge__ Its metropolitan area is the 178th-largest in the U.S. and includes all of Webb County, with a population of 250,304.", "Laredo, Texas __knowledge__ Laredo is also part of the cross-border Laredo-Nuevo Laredo Metropolitan Area with an estimated population of 636,516." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "New York City __knowledge__ The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ With an estimated 2016 population of 8,537,673 distributed over a land area of about , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world with an estimated 23.7 million residents as of 2016.", "New York City __knowledge__ A global power city, New York City has been described as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world, and exerts a significant impact upon commerce, entertainment, research, technology, education, politics, and sports.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city's fast pace defines the term \"New York minute\".", "New York City __knowledge__ Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy.", "New York City __knowledge__ Situated on one of the world's largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, each of which is a separate county of New York State.", "New York City __knowledge__ The five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city and its metropolitan area constitute the premier gateway for legal immigration to the United States, and as many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world.", "List of Person of Interest characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters in the American science fiction crime drama television series \"Person of Interest\".", "List of Person of Interest characters __knowledge__ John Reese (played by Jim Caviezel) is the name adopted by the former Special Forces soldier and Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) officer who serves as Finch's armed enforcer used to stop future crimes.", "List of Person of Interest characters __knowledge__ Presumed dead following a failed CIA operation in China, Reese's real name is unknown.", "List of Person of Interest characters __knowledge__ He was nicknamed \"The Man in the Suit\" by law enforcement, who know him only in terms of the description given by witnesses.", "List of Person of Interest characters __knowledge__ Harold Finch (played by Michael Emerson) is a reclusive billionaire software engineer who built a machine that predicts future crimes and outputs either the victim's or perpetrator's Social Security number.", "Millard Fillmore __knowledge__ Millard Fillmore (January 7, 1800March 8, 1874) was the 13th President of the United States (1850–53), the last to be a member of the Whig Party while in the White House.", "Millard Fillmore __knowledge__ A former U.S. Representative from New York, Fillmore was elected the nation's 12th Vice President in 1848, and was elevated to the presidency by the death of Zachary Taylor.", "Millard Fillmore __knowledge__ He was instrumental in getting the Compromise of 1850 passed, a bargain that led to a brief truce in the battle over slavery.", "Millard Fillmore __knowledge__ He failed to win the Whig nomination for president in 1852; he gained the endorsement of the nativist Know Nothing Party four years later, and finished third in that election.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ The Plame affair (also known as the CIA leak scandal and Plamegate) was a political scandal that revolved around journalist Robert Novak's public identification of Valerie Plame as a covert Central Intelligence Agency officer in 2003.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ In 2002, Plame wrote a memo to her superiors in which she expressed hesitation in recommending her husband, former diplomat Joseph C. Wilson, to the CIA for a mission to Niger to investigate claims that Iraq had arranged to purchase and import uranium from the country, but stated that he \"may be in a position to assist\".", "Plame affair __knowledge__ After President George W. Bush stated that \"Saddam Hussein recently sought significant quantities of uranium from Africa\" during the run-up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Wilson published a July 2003 op-ed in \"The New York Times\" stating his doubts during the mission that any such transaction with Iraq had taken place.", "List of Wild Cards characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the \"Wild Cards\" book series.", "List of Wild Cards characters __knowledge__ The Astronomer is a character from the \"Wild Cards\" series of books.", "List of Wild Cards characters __knowledge__ He first appeared in the short story \"Pennies from Hell\" by Lewis Shiner in \"Wild Cards II: Aces High\", though his presence was earlier implied in \"The Long, Dark Night of Fortunato\" in the first volume of the series.", "List of Wild Cards characters __knowledge__ Leader of a cult consisting mainly of superhuman aces and deformed jokers known as the Egyptian Freemasons.", "List of Wild Cards characters __knowledge__ The Astronomer planned to conquer the world in the aftermath of an invasion by fungoid aliens called the Swarm.", "List of Wild Cards characters __knowledge__ Unknown to him, the Shakti device of the Egyptian Freemasons lacked a power source and was designed to contact an alien organization, the Network.", "Eleanor Roosevelt __knowledge__ Anna Eleanor Roosevelt (; October 11, 1884 – November 7, 1962) was an American politician, diplomat and activist.", "Eleanor Roosevelt __knowledge__ She was the longest-serving First Lady of the United States, having held the post from March 1933 to April 1945 during her husband President Franklin D. Roosevelt's four terms in office, and served as United States Delegate to the United Nations General Assembly from 1945 to 1952.", "Eleanor Roosevelt __knowledge__ President Harry S. Truman later called her the \"First Lady of the World\" in tribute to her human rights achievements.", "Eleanor Roosevelt __knowledge__ Roosevelt was a member of the prominent American Roosevelt and Livingston families and a niece of President Theodore Roosevelt.", "Opinion polls about 9/11 conspiracy theories __knowledge__ Since the September 11 attacks, doubts have been raised about the mainstream account of events.", "Opinion polls about 9/11 conspiracy theories __knowledge__ There have been a number of 9/11 conspiracy theories with some suggesting that Israel was somehow involved in the attacks and that members of the U.S. government may have deliberately covered-up and falsified events, in order to hide negligence or even complicity, or even having been the perpetrator of the attacks.", "Opinion polls about 9/11 conspiracy theories __knowledge__ A number of 9/11 opinion polls have been carried out to assess the prevalence of various opinions and views about questions related to the attacks, both in the United States and in other countries.", "Stock market __knowledge__ A stock market, equity market or share market is the aggregation of buyers and sellers (a loose network of economic transactions, not a physical facility or discrete entity) of stocks (also called shares), which represent ownership claims on businesses; these may include \"securities\" listed on a public stock exchange as well as those only traded privately.", "Stock market __knowledge__ Examples of the latter include shares of private companies which are sold to investors through equity crowdfunding platforms.", "Stock market __knowledge__ Stock exchanges list shares of common equity as well as other security types, e.g.", "Stock market __knowledge__ corporate bonds and convertible bonds.", "Executive compensation in the United States __knowledge__ In the United States, the compensation of company executives is distinguished by the forms it takes and its dramatic rise over the past three decades and wide-ranging criticism leveled against it.", "Executive compensation in the United States __knowledge__ In the past three decades in America executive compensation or pay has risen dramatically beyond what can be explained by changes in firm size, performance, and industry classification.", "Executive compensation in the United States __knowledge__ It is the highest in the world in both absolute terms and relative to median salary in the US.", "Executive compensation in the United States __knowledge__ It has been criticized not only as excessive, but also for \"rewarding failure\"—including massive drops in stock price, and much of the national growth in income inequality.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The economic history of the United States is about characteristics of and important developments in the U.S. economy from colonial times to the present.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The emphasis is on economic performance and how it was affected by new technologies, the change of size in economic sectors and the effects of legislation and government policy.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ Specialized business history is covered in American business history.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The colonial economy differed significantly from that of most other regions in that land and natural resources were abundant in America but labor was scarce.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ From 1700 to 1775 the output of the thirteen colonies increased 12 fold, giving the colonies an economy about 30% the size of Britain's at the time of independence.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The Netherlands had a considerable part in the making of modern society.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The Netherlands and its people have made numerous seminal contributions to the world's civilization, especially in art, science, technology and engineering, economics and finance, cartography and geography, exploration and navigation, law and jurisprudence, thought and philosophy, medicine, and agriculture.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ Dutch-speaking people, in spite of their relatively small number, have a significant history of invention, innovation, discovery and exploration.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The following list is composed of objects, (largely) unknown lands, breakthrough ideas/concepts, principles, phenomena, processes, methods, techniques, styles etc., that were discovered or invented (or pioneered) by people from the Netherlands and Dutch-speaking people from the former Southern Netherlands (\"Zuid-Nederlanders\" in Dutch).", "2015–16 Chinese stock market turbulence __knowledge__ The Chinese stock market turbulence began with the popping of the stock market bubble on 12 June 2015 and ended in early February 2016.", "2015–16 Chinese stock market turbulence __knowledge__ A third of the value of A-shares on the Shanghai Stock Exchange was lost within one month of the event.", "2015–16 Chinese stock market turbulence __knowledge__ Major aftershocks occurred around 27 July and 24 August's \"Black Monday\".", "2015–16 Chinese stock market turbulence __knowledge__ By 8–9 July 2015, the Shanghai stock market had fallen 30 percent over three weeks as 1,400 companies, or more than half listed, filed for a trading halt in an attempt to prevent further losses.", "2015–16 Chinese stock market turbulence __knowledge__ Values of Chinese stock markets continued to drop despite efforts by the government to reduce the fall.", "La Paz Stock Exchange __knowledge__ The La Paz Stock Exchange (also known as Bolsa Boliviana de Valores or BBV) is a stock exchange based in the city of La Paz, Bolivia.", "La Paz Stock Exchange __knowledge__ Founded in 1976, it did not start operating fully until 1989.", "La Paz Stock Exchange __knowledge__ It is the newest stock exchange in Latin America.", "La Paz Stock Exchange __knowledge__ The exchange offers trading of equities, indexes, gold and local commodities.", "La Paz Stock Exchange __knowledge__ The main agents of the idea that became the La Paz Stock Exchange were Ernesto Wende, Oscar Unemployed, Gastón Guillén, Gastón Mujía, José Crespo, Luis Ergueta, and Chirveches.", "La Paz Stock Exchange __knowledge__ The President of the Confederation of Private Employers of Bolivia (CEPB), Marcelo Pérez Monasteries, summoned a meeting to designate a commission that had the aim to attain the foundation of the stock exchange, a project that came to fruition on April 19, 1979, with the foundation of the Bolsa Boliviana de Valores (La Paz Stock Exchange).", "Tehran Stock Exchange __knowledge__ The Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) () is Iran's largest stock exchange, which first opened in 1967.", "Tehran Stock Exchange __knowledge__ The TSE is based in Tehran.", "Tehran Stock Exchange __knowledge__ As of May 2012, 339 companies with a combined market capitalization of US$104.21 billion were listed on TSE.", "Tehran Stock Exchange __knowledge__ TSE, which is a founding member of the Federation of Euro-Asian Stock Exchanges, has been one of the world's best performing stock exchanges in the years 2002 through 2013.", "Tehran Stock Exchange __knowledge__ TSE is an emerging or \"frontier\" market.", "Tehran Stock Exchange __knowledge__ The most important advantage that Iran's capital market has in comparison with other regional markets is that there are 37 industries directly involved in it." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "New York City __knowledge__ The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ With an estimated 2016 population of 8,537,673 distributed over a land area of about , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world with an estimated 23.7 million residents as of 2016.", "New York City __knowledge__ A global power city, New York City has been described as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world, and exerts a significant impact upon commerce, entertainment, research, technology, education, politics, and sports.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city's fast pace defines the term \"New York minute\".", "New York City __knowledge__ Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy.", "New York City __knowledge__ Situated on one of the world's largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, each of which is a separate county of New York State.", "New York City __knowledge__ The five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city and its metropolitan area constitute the premier gateway for legal immigration to the United States, and as many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ \"Oh Yeah\" is a single released in 1985 by the Swiss band Yello and featured on their album \"Stella\".", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ The song features a mix of electronic music and manipulated vocals.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ The song gained popularity after being featured in the films \"Ferris Bueller's Day Off\" and \"The Secret of My Success\", among other films.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ It has become an iconic anthem of the 1980s, and used to metaphorically represent lust (in various forms) and cocaine.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ It is a popular staple in movies, television and commercials.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ Its 1987 re-released version features the extra lyrics: \"such a good time / a really good time\".", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ Describing the composition of \"Oh Yeah,\" Blank said, \"First I did the music and then I invited Dieter to sing along, and he came up with some lines which I thought, 'no Dieter, it's too complicated, we don't need that many lyrics'.", "Stella (album) __knowledge__ Stella is the fourth studio album by the Swiss electronic band Yello, first released in Germany, Switzerland and Austria on 29 January 1985, and in the UK and US in March 1985.", "Stella (album) __knowledge__ It was the first album made by the band without founder member Carlos Perón, and with his departure the remaining duo of Boris Blank and Dieter Meier began to move away from experimental electronic sounds towards a more commercial synthpop and cinematic soundtrack style.", "Stella (album) __knowledge__ As well as becoming the first album ever by a Swiss group to top the Swiss album chart, it was the band's breakthrough album internationally, helped by the success of the song \"Oh Yeah\", which gained the band worldwide attention the following year after it was prominently featured in the 1986 film \"Ferris Bueller's Day Off\" and then a year later in \"The Secret of My Success\".", "Oh Yeah (music centre) __knowledge__ Oh Yeah is a music centre located in Belfast, Northern Ireland, in the Cathedral Quarter.", "Oh Yeah (music centre) __knowledge__ It was founded primarily to support young talented musicians and bands from Northern Ireland and its huge and growing music scene by providing help and promotion, technical equipment for rehearsing, recording, gigs and event organisation, performing space and releases of band compilations (\"Oh Yeah Sessions\").", "Oh Yeah (music centre) __knowledge__ The Oh Yeah music centre's genres are varying in its manifoldness of Alternative rock, Indie rock, Electronica, Post rock, Post punk, Crossover, Experimental rock and further musical stylistic ways and conceptions.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Sexy (Glee) __knowledge__ \"Sexy\" is the fifteenth episode of the second season of the American musical comedy-drama television series \"Glee\", and the thirty-seventh episode overall.", "Sexy (Glee) __knowledge__ It was written by Brad Falchuk, directed by Ryan Murphy, and first aired on the Fox network on March 8, 2011.", "Sexy (Glee) __knowledge__ The episode mainly revolves around the topics of sex and adolescent sexuality.", "Sexy (Glee) __knowledge__ In it, Holly Holliday (Gwyneth Paltrow) returns to McKinley High School as a substitute teacher in a class devoted to sex education.", "Sexy (Glee) __knowledge__ Glee club director Will Schuester (Matthew Morrison) begins to develop feelings for Holly, and guidance counselor and celibacy club advisor Emma Pillsbury (Jayma Mays) is less than pleased with Holly's lessons.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ Ferris Bueller's Day Off is a 1986 American teen comedy film written, co-produced, and directed by John Hughes, and co-produced by Tom Jacobson.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ The film stars Matthew Broderick as Ferris Bueller, a high-school slacker who spends a day off from school, with Mia Sara and Alan Ruck.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ Ferris regularly \"breaks the fourth wall\" to explain techniques and inner thoughts.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ Hughes wrote the screenplay in less than a week.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ Filming began in September 1985 and finished in November 1985.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ Featuring many landmarks, including the Sears Tower and the Art Institute of Chicago, the film was Hughes' love letter to Chicago: \"I really wanted to capture as much of Chicago as I could.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (July–September 2016) __knowledge__ This is a timeline of the War in Donbass, from 1 July to 30 September 2016.", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (July–September 2016) __knowledge__ The timeline follows an ongoing conflict between Ukraine and anti-government pro-Russian separatists supported by Russian troops in the Donbass region in eastern Ukraine.", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (July–September 2016) __knowledge__ According to the information provided by the spokesman of the Ukrainian operational headquarters in the morning, pro-Russian troops had opened fire on 58 occasions on Ukrainian troops on 30 June.", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (July–September 2016) __knowledge__ The spokesman of the Presidential Administration of Ukraine on issues related to ATO, \"polkovnyk\" Andriy Lysenko, reported at noon that one Ukrainian serviceman was killed in action and four others were wounded in the Donbass region during the last day of June.", "1948 Palestinian exodus from Lydda and Ramle __knowledge__ The 1948 Palestinian exodus from Lydda and Ramle, also known as the Lydda Death March, was the expulsion of 50,000-70,000 Palestinian Arabs when Israeli troops captured the towns in July that year.", "1948 Palestinian exodus from Lydda and Ramle __knowledge__ The military action occurred within the context of the 1948 Arab-Israeli War.", "1948 Palestinian exodus from Lydda and Ramle __knowledge__ The two Arab towns, lying outside the area designated for a Jewish state in the UN Partition Plan of 1947, and inside the area set aside for an Arab state in Palestine, subsequently were transformed into predominantly Jewish areas in the new State of Israel, known as Lod and Ramla.", "1948 Palestinian exodus from Lydda and Ramle __knowledge__ The exodus, constituting 'the biggest expulsion of the war', took place at the end of a truce period, when fighting resumed, prompting Israel to try to improve its control over the Jerusalem road and its coastal route which were under pressure from the Jordanian Arab Legion, Egyptian and Palestinian forces.", "Mayoralty of Rudy Giuliani __knowledge__ Rudy Giuliani (full name \"Rudolph William Louis Giuliani\") served as the 107th Mayor of New York City from January 1, 1994 until December 31, 2001.", "Mayoralty of Rudy Giuliani __knowledge__ In Giuliani's first term as mayor the New York City Police Department, under Giuliani appointee Commissioner Bill Bratton, adopted an aggressive enforcement and deterrence strategy based on James Q. Wilson's Broken Windows research.", "Mayoralty of Rudy Giuliani __knowledge__ This involved crackdowns on relatively minor offenses such as graffiti, turnstile jumping, and aggressive \"squeegeemen,\" on the principle that this would send a message that order would be maintained and that the city would be \"cleaned up.\"", "Eleanor Roosevelt __knowledge__ Anna Eleanor Roosevelt (; October 11, 1884 – November 7, 1962) was an American politician, diplomat and activist.", "Eleanor Roosevelt __knowledge__ She was the longest-serving First Lady of the United States, having held the post from March 1933 to April 1945 during her husband President Franklin D. Roosevelt's four terms in office, and served as United States Delegate to the United Nations General Assembly from 1945 to 1952.", "Eleanor Roosevelt __knowledge__ President Harry S. Truman later called her the \"First Lady of the World\" in tribute to her human rights achievements.", "Eleanor Roosevelt __knowledge__ Roosevelt was a member of the prominent American Roosevelt and Livingston families and a niece of President Theodore Roosevelt.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ New York is a state in the northeastern United States.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ New York was one of the original thirteen colonies that formed the United States.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ With an estimated 19.85 million residents in 2017, it is the fourth most populous state in the United States.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ To differentiate from its city with the same name, it is sometimes called New York State.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ The state's largest city, New York City, makes up over 40% of the state's population.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ Two-thirds of the state's population lives in the New York metropolitan area, and nearly 40% lives on Long Island.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ The state and city were both named for the 17th-century Duke of York, future King James II of England.", "United Nations Operation in the Congo __knowledge__ Organisation des Nations Unies au Congo, abbreviated ONUC (English: United Nations Organization in the Congo), was a United Nations peacekeeping force in the Republic of the Congo that was established after United Nations Security Council Resolution 143 of 14 July 1960.", "United Nations Operation in the Congo __knowledge__ The mission was launched to help restore stability to the Congo after it fell into conflict and disorder following independence.", "United Nations Operation in the Congo __knowledge__ In 1963 the name changed to Opération des Nations Unies au Congo, retaining the same abbreviation.", "United Nations Operation in the Congo __knowledge__ ONUC was the UN's first peacekeeping mission with a significant military force.", "United Nations Operation in the Congo __knowledge__ It was withdrawn in 1964." ] ]

[ 1, 4, 6, 8 ]

[ "No, but I do know that it is the most populous city in the entire US.", "Pretty much, as it is the home to everything from commerce to entertainment to the stock market.", "Not really, but I could assume it would be some derivative of York. Though New York City is the home to the United Nations HQ.", "Well that was a gift from the French. The city was consolidated from five boroughs back in 1898 though." ]

[ "New York City", "New York City", "New York City", "New York City" ]

[ "Ice cream", "I love ice cream! I'm 9 months pregnant and its all I've eaten for almost a week!", "Not really into root beer floats, but I love going to places like cold stones where I can create my own flavor combos. What's your favorite flavor?", "That sound yummy! Have you ever made ice cream before? It's a fun little experiment for a summer day, even more so if you have children!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Ice cream (derived from earlier iced cream or cream ice) is a sweetened frozen food typically eaten as a snack or dessert.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ It is usually made from dairy products, such as milk and cream, and often combined with fruits or other ingredients and flavors.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ It is typically sweetened with sugar or sugar substitutes.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Typically, flavourings and colourings are added in addition to stabilizers.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ The mixture is stirred to incorporate air spaces and cooled below the freezing point of water to prevent detectable ice crystals from forming.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ The result is a smooth, semi-solid foam that is solid at very low temperatures (< ).", "Ice cream __knowledge__ It becomes more malleable as its temperature increases.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ The meaning of the phrase \"ice cream\" varies from one country to another.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Phrases such as \"frozen custard\", \"frozen yogurt\", \"sorbet\", \"gelato\" and others are used to distinguish different varieties and styles.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ In some countries, such as the United States, the phrase \"ice cream\" applies only to a specific variety, and most governments regulate the commercial use of the various terms according to the relative quantities of the main ingredients, notably the amount of cream.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Products that do not meet the criteria to be called ice cream are labelled \"frozen dairy dessert\" instead." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Ice cream (derived from earlier iced cream or cream ice) is a sweetened frozen food typically eaten as a snack or dessert.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ It is usually made from dairy products, such as milk and cream, and often combined with fruits or other ingredients and flavors.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ It is typically sweetened with sugar or sugar substitutes.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Typically, flavourings and colourings are added in addition to stabilizers.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ The mixture is stirred to incorporate air spaces and cooled below the freezing point of water to prevent detectable ice crystals from forming.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ The result is a smooth, semi-solid foam that is solid at very low temperatures (< ).", "Ice cream __knowledge__ It becomes more malleable as its temperature increases.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ The meaning of the phrase \"ice cream\" varies from one country to another.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Phrases such as \"frozen custard\", \"frozen yogurt\", \"sorbet\", \"gelato\" and others are used to distinguish different varieties and styles.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ In some countries, such as the United States, the phrase \"ice cream\" applies only to a specific variety, and most governments regulate the commercial use of the various terms according to the relative quantities of the main ingredients, notably the amount of cream.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Products that do not meet the criteria to be called ice cream are labelled \"frozen dairy dessert\" instead.", "List of ice cream varieties by country __knowledge__ This article is about the ice cream varieties around the world.", "List of ice cream varieties by country __knowledge__ While industrial ice cream exists in Argentina and can be found in supermarkets, restaurants or kiosks, and ice cream pops are sold on some streets and at the beaches, the most traditional Argentine \"helado\" (ice cream) is very similar to Italian gelato, rather than US-style ice cream, and it has become one of the most popular desserts in the country.", "List of ice cream varieties by country __knowledge__ Among the most famous manufacturers are \"Freddo,\" \"Persicco,\" \"Chungo\", \"Cremolatti\" and \"Munchi's,\" all of them located in Buenos Aires.", "List of ice cream varieties by country __knowledge__ Each city has its own \"heladerías\" (ice cream parlours) which offer different varieties of creamy and water-based ice creams, including both standard and regional flavours.", "Carvel (restaurant) __knowledge__ Carvel is an ice cream franchise owned by Focus Brands.", "Carvel (restaurant) __knowledge__ Carvel is best known for their soft serve ice cream and ice cream cakes, which feature a layer of distinctive 'crunchies'.", "Carvel (restaurant) __knowledge__ It also sells a variety of novelty ice cream bars and ice cream sandwiches.", "Carvel (restaurant) __knowledge__ Carvel was founded and operated by Tom Carvel for its first 60 years.", "Carvel (restaurant) __knowledge__ In 1929, Carvel borrowed $15 ($ today) from his future wife Agnes and used it to buy and operate an ice cream truck.", "Carvel (restaurant) __knowledge__ Over Memorial Day weekend of 1934, Carvel's truck had a flat tire in Hartsdale, New York.", "Carvel (restaurant) __knowledge__ Carvel sold his custard at the site of the breakdown.", "Carvel (restaurant) __knowledge__ Within two days Carvel had sold his entire stock, much of it partly melted.", "Bacon ice cream __knowledge__ Bacon ice cream (or bacon-and-egg ice cream) is an ice cream generally created by adding bacon to egg custard and freezing the mixture.", "Bacon ice cream __knowledge__ The concept of bacon ice cream originated in a 1973 sketch on the British comedy series \"The Two Ronnies\" as a joke; however, it was eventually created for April Fools' Day.", "Bacon ice cream __knowledge__ Heston Blumenthal experimented with the creation of ice cream, making a custard similar to scrambled eggs then adding bacon to create one of his signature dishes.", "Bacon ice cream __knowledge__ It now appears on dessert menus in other restaurants.", "Bacon ice cream __knowledge__ Ice cream is generally expected to be a sweet food, eaten as a dessert, even though there is evidence of savoury ice creams eaten in Victorian times.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai cuisine (, , ) is the national cuisine of Thailand.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Balance, detail, and variety are of paramount significance to Thai chefs.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai cooking places emphasis on lightly prepared dishes with strong aromatic components and a spicy edge.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai chef McDang characterises Thai food as demonstrating \"intricacy; attention to detail; texture; color; taste; and the use of ingredients with medicinal benefits, as well as good flavor\", as well as care being given to the food's appearance, smell and context.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Australian chef David Thompson, an expert on Thai food, observes that unlike many other cuisines, Thai cooking rejects simplicity and is about \"the juggling of disparate elements to create a harmonious finish\".", "Ice cream van __knowledge__ An ice cream van (British) or ice cream truck (American) is a commercial vehicle that serves as a mobile retail outlet for ice cream, usually during the summer.", "Ice cream van __knowledge__ Ice cream vans are often seen parked at public events, or near parks, beaches, or other areas where people congregate.", "Ice cream van __knowledge__ Ice cream vans often travel near where children play — outside schools, in residential areas, or in other locations.", "Ice cream van __knowledge__ They usually stop briefly before moving on to the next street.", "Ice cream van __knowledge__ Ice cream vans are often brightly decorated and carry images of ice cream, or some other adornment, such as cartoon characters.", "Ice cream van __knowledge__ They may have painted-on notices, which can serve a commercial purpose (\"\"Stop me and buy one!\"\")", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Milkshake __knowledge__ A milkshake is a sweet, cold beverage which is usually made from milk, ice cream, or iced milk, and flavorings or sweeteners such as butterscotch, caramel sauce, chocolate syrup, or fruit syrup.", "Milkshake __knowledge__ Outside the United States, milkshakes using ice cream or iced milk are sometimes called a thick milkshake or thick shake; in New England, the term frappe may be used to differentiate it from thinner forms of flavored milk.", "Milkshake __knowledge__ Full-service restaurants, soda fountains, and diners usually prepare and mix the shake \"by hand\" from scoops of ice cream and milk in a blender or drink mixer using a stainless steel cup.", "Ice cream float __knowledge__ An ice cream float or soda (United States, United Kingdom, Canada, South Africa and East Asia), coke float (United Kingdom), root beer float (United States, Canada) or spider (Australia and New Zealand), is a chilled beverage that consists of ice cream in either a soft drink or in a mixture of flavored syrup and carbonated water.", "Ice cream float __knowledge__ The ice cream float was invented by Robert McCay Green in Philadelphia, PA, in 1874 during the Franklin Institute's semicentennial celebration.", "Ice cream float __knowledge__ The traditional story is that, on a particularly hot day, Mr. Green ran out of cold ice for the flavored drinks he was selling and used vanilla ice cream from a neighboring vendor, thus inventing a new drink.", "The Licktators __knowledge__ The Licktators is an ice cream manufacturing company located in London that has been described by the high-end department store Selfridges, as “more Sid and Nancy than Ben & Jerry”.", "The Licktators __knowledge__ It was founded by Matt O’Connor, formerly of The Icecreamists.", "The Licktators __knowledge__ He uses different flavors and textures to create his ice creams such as donated breast milk, bread, roses, and absinthe.", "The Licktators __knowledge__ The company once served a three-course Sundae Lunch which featured pea, beef, and horseradish flavors.", "The Licktators __knowledge__ The company gained notoriety in 2011 for its “Baby Gaga” breast milk ice cream, which is made with donated breast milk.", "The Licktators __knowledge__ In 2015 they collaborated with the band, Blur, to create an ice cream flavor based on their album, The Magic Whip.", "Ice cream parlor __knowledge__ Ice cream parlors (or parlours) are restaurants that sell ice cream, gelato, sorbet, and frozen yogurt to consumers.", "Ice cream parlor __knowledge__ Ice cream is typically sold as regular ice cream (also called hard-packed ice cream), gelato, and soft serve, which is usually dispensed by a machine with a limited number of flavors (e.g., chocolate, vanilla, and \"twist\", a mix of the two).", "Ice cream parlor __knowledge__ It is customary for ice cream parlors to offer a number of flavors and items.", "Ice cream parlor __knowledge__ Parlors often serve ice cream and other frozen desserts in cones or in dishes, to be eaten with a spoon.", "Ice cream parlor __knowledge__ Some ice cream parlours prepare ice cream desserts such as sundaes (ice cream topped with syrup, whipped cream and other toppings) or milkshakes." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Ice cream (derived from earlier iced cream or cream ice) is a sweetened frozen food typically eaten as a snack or dessert.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ It is usually made from dairy products, such as milk and cream, and often combined with fruits or other ingredients and flavors.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ It is typically sweetened with sugar or sugar substitutes.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Typically, flavourings and colourings are added in addition to stabilizers.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ The mixture is stirred to incorporate air spaces and cooled below the freezing point of water to prevent detectable ice crystals from forming.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ The result is a smooth, semi-solid foam that is solid at very low temperatures (< ).", "Ice cream __knowledge__ It becomes more malleable as its temperature increases.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ The meaning of the phrase \"ice cream\" varies from one country to another.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Phrases such as \"frozen custard\", \"frozen yogurt\", \"sorbet\", \"gelato\" and others are used to distinguish different varieties and styles.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ In some countries, such as the United States, the phrase \"ice cream\" applies only to a specific variety, and most governments regulate the commercial use of the various terms according to the relative quantities of the main ingredients, notably the amount of cream.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Products that do not meet the criteria to be called ice cream are labelled \"frozen dairy dessert\" instead.", "Root beer __knowledge__ Root beer is a sweet North American soft drink traditionally made using the sassafras tree \"Sassafras albidum\" (sassafras) or the vine \"Smilax ornata\" (sarsaparilla) as the primary flavor.", "Root beer __knowledge__ Root beer may be alcoholic or non-alcoholic (but it is usually non-alcoholic), come naturally free of caffeine or have caffeine added, and be carbonated or non-carbonated.", "Root beer __knowledge__ It usually has a thick, foamy head when poured.", "Root beer __knowledge__ Modern, commercially produced root beer is generally sweet, foamy, carbonated, nonalcoholic, and flavoured using artificial sassafras flavouring.", "Root beer __knowledge__ Sassafras root is still used to flavor traditional root beer, but since sassafras was banned by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration due to the controversially claimed carcinogenicity of its constituent safrole, most commercial recipes do not contain sassafras.", "Ice cream float __knowledge__ An ice cream float or soda (United States, United Kingdom, Canada, South Africa and East Asia), coke float (United Kingdom), root beer float (United States, Canada) or spider (Australia and New Zealand), is a chilled beverage that consists of ice cream in either a soft drink or in a mixture of flavored syrup and carbonated water.", "Ice cream float __knowledge__ The ice cream float was invented by Robert McCay Green in Philadelphia, PA, in 1874 during the Franklin Institute's semicentennial celebration.", "Ice cream float __knowledge__ The traditional story is that, on a particularly hot day, Mr. Green ran out of cold ice for the flavored drinks he was selling and used vanilla ice cream from a neighboring vendor, thus inventing a new drink.", "Hires Root Beer __knowledge__ Hires Root Beer is a root beer marketed by Dr Pepper Snapple Group.", "Hires Root Beer __knowledge__ Introduced in 1876, it is considered the second longest continuously made soft drink in the United States.", "Hires Root Beer __knowledge__ Only Vernors ginger ale , dating to 1866, is older.", "Hires Root Beer __knowledge__ Hires Root Beer was created by Philadelphia pharmacist Charles Elmer Hires.", "Hires Root Beer __knowledge__ The official story is that Hires first tasted root beer, a traditional American beverage dating back to the colonial era, while on his honeymoon in 1875.", "Hires Root Beer __knowledge__ However, historical accounts vary and the actual time and place of the discovery may never be known.", "Hires Root Beer __knowledge__ By 1876, Hires had developed his own recipe and was marketing 25-cent packets of powder which each yielded five gallons of root beer.", "Hard soda __knowledge__ Hard soda, also referred to as flavored beer, is a type of alcoholic beverage and craft beer that is manufactured in the style of a soft drink.", "Hard soda __knowledge__ It has gained recent prominence in the United States after the success of the Not Your Father's Root Beer brand manufactured by Small Town Brewery.", "Hard soda __knowledge__ As of late May 2016, at least 39 hard soda brands exist in the United States.", "Hard soda __knowledge__ Hard soda is a relatively new category in the craft beer segment of the alcoholic beverage industry that gained prominence in the United States after the prosperity of the Not Your Father's Root Beer brand manufactured by Small Town Brewery based in Wauconda, Illinois.", "Dad's Root Beer __knowledge__ Dad's Root Beer is an American root beer created in Chicago in 1937 by Ely Klapman and Barney Berns.", "Dad's Root Beer __knowledge__ It is currently sold and marketed by the Dad's Root Beer Company LLC, and owned by Hedinger Brands, LLC.", "Dad's Root Beer __knowledge__ Dad's Root Beer was developed in the 1930s by partners Barney Berns and Ely Klapman in the basement of Klapman's Chicago-area home.", "Dad's Root Beer __knowledge__ The first trademark registration was filed on September 24, 1938, granted on February 14, 1939, to the Dad's Root Beer Company of Chicago, with the product name allegedly in use since February 1937.", "Dad's Root Beer __knowledge__ Dad's earned a loyal following.", "Dad's Root Beer __knowledge__ Dad's Root Beer brand was famous throughout the Midwest and by the late 1940s, was one of the most consumed brands of root beer throughout the United States.", "A&amp;W Restaurants __knowledge__ A&W Restaurants, Inc. is a chain of fast-food restaurants distinguished by its draft root beer and root beer floats.", "A&amp;W Restaurants __knowledge__ Its origins date back to 1919 when Roy W. Allen opened a walk-up root beer stand in Lodi, California.", "A&amp;W Restaurants __knowledge__ Allen's employee Frank Wright partnered with him and founded the first A&W restaurant in Sacramento, California, in 1923.", "A&amp;W Restaurants __knowledge__ The company name was taken respectively from the initials of their last names—Allen and Wright.", "A&amp;W Restaurants __knowledge__ The company became famous in the United States for its \"frosty mugs,\" where the mugs would be kept in the freezer and eventually get filled with A&W Root Beer before they are served to customers.", "A&amp;W Root Beer __knowledge__ A&W Root Beer is a root beer brand primarily available in the United States and Canada, started in 1919 by Roy W. Allen.", "A&amp;W Root Beer __knowledge__ In 1922, Allen partnered with Frank Wright.", "A&amp;W Root Beer __knowledge__ They combined their initials to create the brand \"A&W\" and inspired a restaurant chain, founded in 1922.", "A&amp;W Root Beer __knowledge__ Originally, A&W root beer drinks sold for five cents.", "A&amp;W Root Beer __knowledge__ Outside Canada, the rights to the A&W brand are owned by Dr Pepper Snapple Group, which in turn licenses the brand to the similarly named U.S.-based restaurant chain; A&W products are distributed via various U.S. bottlers.", "A&amp;W Root Beer __knowledge__ A&W Food Services of Canada, which is independent of both DPSG and the U.S. chain, is responsible for the restaurants and the marketing of root beer products in that country, with retail products bottled and distributed by The Coca-Cola Company.", "Beer ice cream __knowledge__ Beer ice cream is a type of ice cream prepared using beer as an ingredient.", "Beer ice cream __knowledge__ Beer ice cream prepared using darker beers typically has a more distinct flavor compared to that prepared using lighter beers.", "Beer ice cream __knowledge__ The alcohol in the beer is sometimes present in the finished ice cream, while other preparations involve cooking, which can evaporate the alcohol.", "Beer ice cream __knowledge__ An ice cream float can be made using beer.", "Beer ice cream __knowledge__ Beer ice cream is prepared using typical ice cream ingredients and beer.", "Beer ice cream __knowledge__ Various flavors are imparted to the ice cream based upon what type of beer is used.", "Beer ice cream __knowledge__ For example, the use of stout beer can impart a malty and caramel-like flavor, and the use of pilsner, India pale ale and pale ale can impart flavors of bitterness.", "Thomas Kemper __knowledge__ Thomas Kemper is a brewer of root beer, ginger ale, and other craft brewed sodas under the Thomas Kemper Soda Co. label.", "Thomas Kemper __knowledge__ Formerly owned by Pyramid Breweries, Inc., it was sold in 2007 to Adventure Funds of Portland, Oregon, which is running the company under the Kemper Co. name.", "Thomas Kemper __knowledge__ Thomas Kemper Brewing of Poulsbo was sold to Hart Brewing (later known as Pyramid) in 1992.", "Thomas Kemper __knowledge__ (Thomas Kemper had been founded in 1985 on Bainbridge Island, and began making soft drinks in 1990.)", "Thomas Kemper __knowledge__ Thomas Kemper Soda was first brewed by Andy Thomas and Will Kemper (now brewing at Bellingham's Chuckanut) as alternative to beer at an Octoberfest celebration on Bainbridge Island, WA in 1990.", "Jones Soda __knowledge__ Jones Soda Co. is a beverage company based in Pioneer Square, Seattle, Washington.", "Jones Soda __knowledge__ It bottles and distributes soft drinks, non-carbonated beverages, energy drinks, and candy.", "Jones Soda __knowledge__ Jones Soda is a carbonated soft drink that has many unusual flavors that are not offered by other soft drink makers.", "Jones Soda __knowledge__ The company was founded by Peter van Stolk in 1986 as a beverage distributor in Western Canada.", "Jones Soda __knowledge__ Until 1995, the company distributed other beverage lines such as AriZona Iced Tea and Thomas Kemper sodas in Western Canada.", "Jones Soda __knowledge__ As the company gained significant knowledge of the beverage industry, it decided to get into the market with alternative beverages as the Urban Juice & Soda Company." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Ice cream (derived from earlier iced cream or cream ice) is a sweetened frozen food typically eaten as a snack or dessert.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ It is usually made from dairy products, such as milk and cream, and often combined with fruits or other ingredients and flavors.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ It is typically sweetened with sugar or sugar substitutes.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Typically, flavourings and colourings are added in addition to stabilizers.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ The mixture is stirred to incorporate air spaces and cooled below the freezing point of water to prevent detectable ice crystals from forming.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ The result is a smooth, semi-solid foam that is solid at very low temperatures (< ).", "Ice cream __knowledge__ It becomes more malleable as its temperature increases.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ The meaning of the phrase \"ice cream\" varies from one country to another.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Phrases such as \"frozen custard\", \"frozen yogurt\", \"sorbet\", \"gelato\" and others are used to distinguish different varieties and styles.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ In some countries, such as the United States, the phrase \"ice cream\" applies only to a specific variety, and most governments regulate the commercial use of the various terms according to the relative quantities of the main ingredients, notably the amount of cream.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Products that do not meet the criteria to be called ice cream are labelled \"frozen dairy dessert\" instead.", "List of ice cream varieties by country __knowledge__ This article is about the ice cream varieties around the world.", "List of ice cream varieties by country __knowledge__ While industrial ice cream exists in Argentina and can be found in supermarkets, restaurants or kiosks, and ice cream pops are sold on some streets and at the beaches, the most traditional Argentine \"helado\" (ice cream) is very similar to Italian gelato, rather than US-style ice cream, and it has become one of the most popular desserts in the country.", "List of ice cream varieties by country __knowledge__ Among the most famous manufacturers are \"Freddo,\" \"Persicco,\" \"Chungo\", \"Cremolatti\" and \"Munchi's,\" all of them located in Buenos Aires.", "List of ice cream varieties by country __knowledge__ Each city has its own \"heladerías\" (ice cream parlours) which offer different varieties of creamy and water-based ice creams, including both standard and regional flavours.", "Steve's Ice Cream __knowledge__ Steve's Ice Cream was an ice-cream parlor chain which attracted media attention and long lines when original owner Steve Herrell opened his first establishment at 191 Elm Street in Somerville, Massachusetts in 1973.", "Steve's Ice Cream __knowledge__ This is known as the Original Steve's Ice Cream.", "Steve's Ice Cream __knowledge__ It introduced the concept of super-premium ice cream and customized ice cream desserts using the mix-in.", "Steve's Ice Cream __knowledge__ MSNBC travel/leisure journalist Tom Austin credits Herrell for this innovative milestone in the ice cream industry: \"Modern gourmet ice cream is widely considered to have been born at the original Steve’s in Boston.\"", "Steve's Ice Cream __knowledge__ While Steve sold the Company in 1977, its business concepts inspired other chains, such as Cold Stone Creamery and Amy's Ice Creams, and well-known products, including the Dairy Queen Blizzard and Wendy's Twisted Frosty product lines.", "Vanilla ice cream __knowledge__ Vanilla is frequently used to flavor ice cream, especially in North America and Europe.", "Vanilla ice cream __knowledge__ Vanilla ice cream, like other flavors of ice cream, was originally created by cooling a mixture made of cream, sugar, and vanilla above a container of ice and salt.", "Vanilla ice cream __knowledge__ The type of vanilla used to flavor ice cream varies by location.", "Vanilla ice cream __knowledge__ In North America, consumers are interested in a more prominent, smoky flavor, while in France, they want a more anise-like flavor.", "Vanilla ice cream __knowledge__ To create the smooth consistency of ice cream, the mixture has to be stirred occasionally and then returned to the container of ice and salt to continue the solidification process.", "Blue Bell Creameries __knowledge__ Blue Bell Creameries is an American food company that manufactures ice cream.", "Blue Bell Creameries __knowledge__ It was founded in 1907 in Brenham, Texas.", "Blue Bell Creameries __knowledge__ For much of its early history, the company manufactured both ice cream and butter locally.", "Blue Bell Creameries __knowledge__ In the mid-20th century, it abandoned butter production and expanded to the entire state of Texas and soon much of the Southern United States.", "Blue Bell Creameries __knowledge__ The company's corporate headquarters are located at the \"Little Creamery\" in Brenham, Texas.", "Blue Bell Creameries __knowledge__ Since 1919, it has been in the hands of the Kruse family.", "Blue Bell Creameries __knowledge__ Despite being sold in a limited number of states, as of 2015 Blue Bell is the fourth highest-selling ice cream brand in the United States as a whole.", "Hershey Creamery Company __knowledge__ Hershey Creamery Company, also known as Hershey's Ice Cream, is a creamery that produces Hershey's brand ice cream, sorbet, sherbet, and frozen yogurt, and other frozen treats such as smoothies and frozen slab style ice cream mixers.", "Hershey Creamery Company __knowledge__ Founded by Jacob Hershey and four of his brothers in 1894 (all of whom have no relation to Milton S. Hershey and the chocolate company that he founded, also in 1894), it was taken over by the Holder family in the 1920s.", "Hershey Creamery Company __knowledge__ The company was one of the first to offer consumers pre-packaged ice cream pints.", "Hershey Creamery Company __knowledge__ In 1998, it modernized its operations to increase efficiency and reduce overhead.", "List of Kamen Rider OOO characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters of the 2010-2011 Japanese tokusatsu series \"Kamen Rider OOO\".", "List of Kamen Rider OOO characters __knowledge__ is a young man desire to helps others while traveling.", "List of Kamen Rider OOO characters __knowledge__ When he falls asleep during his part-time job at the museum, Eiji unwittingly becomes entangled in the chain of events that occurred after the Greeed were released and gains the ability to become to fight them.", "List of Kamen Rider OOO characters __knowledge__ Eiji Hino is portrayed by .", "List of Kamen Rider OOO characters __knowledge__ is the bird-type Greeed, a dishonest wildcard who sees people for their flaws and is at odds with the other Greeed.", "List of Kamen Rider OOO characters __knowledge__ Ankh also believes that he has the right to get whatever he wants and detests having to give something away.", "House of Flavors __knowledge__ House of Flavors, based in Ludington, Michigan, is a manufacturer of ice cream that is sold throughout the world.", "House of Flavors __knowledge__ They have a 1950s themed ice cream parlor in front of the manufacturing plant.", "House of Flavors __knowledge__ Their signature flavor is their \"Blue Moon\" ice cream.", "House of Flavors __knowledge__ House of Flavors was founded in 1929 when Guy W. Hawley owned a dairy business west of downtown Ludington.", "House of Flavors __knowledge__ The dairy at 402 West Ludington Avenue had no official name then as it was part of a farm operation.", "House of Flavors __knowledge__ Sometime after 1930 Roland Benedict and Albert Bradshaw became partners with Hawley.", "House of Flavors __knowledge__ Albert Miller bought out Benedict and Bradshaw in 1935 and the dairy business became known as Miller's Dairy.", "Rocky road (dessert) __knowledge__ Rocky road is a type of dessert made up of milk chocolate and marshmallow which is usually served in individual portions such as a cupcake or brownie, or in American cuisine, as an ice cream flavor..", "Rocky road (dessert) __knowledge__ The origin of the dessert is debated, but the earliest mention of it dates back to 1853 in Australia, where rocky road was supposedly created as a way to sell confectionery that had spoiled during the long trip from Europe, which were mixed with locally-grown nuts and cheap chocolate to disguise the flavor.", "Rocky road (dessert) __knowledge__ According to this origin story, the name comes from the rocky road that travelers had to take to reach the goldfields.", "Sundae __knowledge__ The sundae () is a sweet ice cream dessert.", "Sundae __knowledge__ It typically consists of one or more scoops of ice cream topped with sauce or syrup, and in some cases other toppings including sprinkles, whipped cream, peanuts, maraschino cherries, or other fruits (e.g., bananas and pineapple in a banana split.).", "Sundae __knowledge__ According to the \"Oxford English Dictionary\", the origin of the term \"sundae\" is obscure; however, it is generally accepted that the spelling \"sundae\" derives from the English word \"Sunday\".", "Sundae __knowledge__ Among the many stories about the invention of the sundae, a frequent theme is that the ice cream sundae was a variation of the popular ice cream soda.", "Dreyer's __knowledge__ Dreyer's Grand Ice Cream Holdings, Inc., a subsidiary of Nestlé, is a United States-based producer of ice cream and frozen yogurt founded in 1928 as Edy's Grand Ice Cream in Oakland, California by Joseph Edy and William Dreyer.", "Dreyer's __knowledge__ In 1947 the partnership was dissolved, and in 1953 William Dreyer Jr. took over and changed the name to Dreyer's Grand Ice Cream.", "Dreyer's __knowledge__ In 1963, Junior sold the company to his key officers -- Al Wolff who ran the factory, Bob Boone who ran distribution, and Ken Cook, who managed sales and served as president from 1963 to 1977.", "Dreyer's __knowledge__ Cook's vision was to provide American families with a truly premium ice cream they could enjoy at home.", "List of ice cream flavors __knowledge__ [[File:Neapolitan.jpg|thumb|[[Neapolitan ice cream]] is made up of blocks of [[vanilla]], [[chocolate]], and [[Garden strawberry|strawberry]] [[ice cream]] side by side in the same containe squid ice cream This is a list of notable ice cream flavors.", "List of ice cream flavors __knowledge__ [[Ice cream]] is a frozen [[dessert]] usually made from [[dairy product]]s, such as milk and cream and often combined with fruits or other ingredients and flavors.", "List of ice cream flavors __knowledge__ Most varieties contain [[sugar]], although some are made with other [[Sugar substitute|sweeteners]].", "List of ice cream flavors __knowledge__ [[File:Bacon caramel maple ice cream (4728256410).jpg|thumb|200px|[[Bacon ice cream]]: bacon caramel maple ice cream]] [[File:Butter pecan caramel ice cream.jpg|thumb|200px|[[Butter pecan]] caramel ice cream]] [[File:GreenTeaIceCreamSample.jpg|thumb|200px|[[Green tea ice cream]]]] [[File:Rockyroadicecream.jpg|thumb|200px|[[Rocky road (ice cream)|Rocky road]] [[ice cream]] served with a cookie atop]] [[Category:Flavors of ice cream|*]] [[Category:Dessert-related lists]]" ] ]

[ 2, 45, 1, 2 ]

[ "I love ice cream, made with fresh milk and cream, I wished i had some right now. Do you like ice cream?", "I can understand that then! I also enjoy an ice cream float with root beer and other sodas. Do you like them?", "Well, when I'm in the mood for an ice cream dessert, I will often chose Rocky Road. I love it!", "I have made home made ice cream before. I would use sweetened condensed milk and I think Hershey's chocolate as some of the ingredients. So smooth and creamy!" ]

[ "Ice cream", "Ice cream", "Ice cream", "Ice cream" ]

[ "Vancouver Grizzlies", "Oh ive never heard of them, what state do they represent?", "Oh really didnt think they were included in the NBA thats cool", "Thats cool, seems like the NBA has kind of just boiled down to cavs vs warriors tho, well not anymore with LBJ to the lakers." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The Vancouver Grizzlies were a Canadian professional basketball team based in Vancouver, British Columbia.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ They were part of the Midwest Division of the Western Conference of the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The team was established in 1995, along with the Toronto Raptors, as part of the NBA's expansion into Canada.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ Following the 2000–01 season, the team relocated to Memphis, Tennessee, United States, and are known as the Memphis Grizzlies.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The Grizzlies played their home games at General Motors Place for the entirety of their 6 seasons in Vancouver.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ Like most expansion teams, the Grizzlies struggled in their early years.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The team finished last in the division in five of its seasons, and never managed to win more than 30 percent of its games in any of the team's seasons in Vancouver.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ In total, the team won 101 games, lost 359, and never qualified for the NBA playoffs.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The two expansion teams were denied early draft picks in the first season, but the Grizzlies secured Shareef Abdur-Rahim in 1996.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The team continued to lose games despite high draft picks.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ After they selected Steve Francis as second pick in 1999, he refused to play in Vancouver and was traded away.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ After the 1998–99 lockout, lower attendance and a weak Canadian dollar caused the owner Orca Bay Sports and Entertainment to start losing money on the franchise." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The Vancouver Grizzlies were a Canadian professional basketball team based in Vancouver, British Columbia.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ They were part of the Midwest Division of the Western Conference of the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The team was established in 1995, along with the Toronto Raptors, as part of the NBA's expansion into Canada.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ Following the 2000–01 season, the team relocated to Memphis, Tennessee, United States, and are known as the Memphis Grizzlies.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The Grizzlies played their home games at General Motors Place for the entirety of their 6 seasons in Vancouver.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ Like most expansion teams, the Grizzlies struggled in their early years.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The team finished last in the division in five of its seasons, and never managed to win more than 30 percent of its games in any of the team's seasons in Vancouver.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ In total, the team won 101 games, lost 359, and never qualified for the NBA playoffs.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The two expansion teams were denied early draft picks in the first season, but the Grizzlies secured Shareef Abdur-Rahim in 1996.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The team continued to lose games despite high draft picks.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ After they selected Steve Francis as second pick in 1999, he refused to play in Vancouver and was traded away.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ After the 1998–99 lockout, lower attendance and a weak Canadian dollar caused the owner Orca Bay Sports and Entertainment to start losing money on the franchise.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Sir Jonathan Paul \"Jony\" Ive, (born 27 February 1967), is an English industrial designer who is currently the chief design officer (CDO) of Apple and chancellor of the Royal College of Art in London.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ While working for a design firm in London he was asked by Apple, then a struggling company, to create a look for a new laptop.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ He took the design to Apple and was hired immediately.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive oversees the Apple Industrial Design Group and also provides leadership and direction for Human Interface software teams across the company.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive is the designer of many of Apple's hardware and software products.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive has received a number of accolades for his work.", "St Ive __knowledge__ St Ive ( ; ) is a village and civil parish in eastern Cornwall, England, United Kingdom.", "St Ive __knowledge__ The village is split into four parts: St Ive Church End, St Ive Cross, St Ive Keason and St Ive Parkfield.", "St Ive __knowledge__ In addition to the Parish an electoral ward exists stretching north of St Ive.", "St Ive __knowledge__ The population at the 2011 census was 4,246.", "St Ive __knowledge__ The parish used to be a large rural area of rolling landscape with wooded valleys and the population was sparse with the largest village being St Ive itself, sited on the A390.", "St Ive __knowledge__ The hamlet of Woolston lies to the northwest of St Ive.", "St Ive __knowledge__ The demography of the parish was radically altered with the mid-Victorian mining boom centred on Caradon Hill.", "Umueze Anam __knowledge__ Umueze Anam is a community in Anambra West Local Government Area of Anambra State, Nigeria.", "Umueze Anam __knowledge__ It is said that Umueze Anam was founded by one hunter from Amadioba Nteje known as Nwavor in the 17th century.", "Umueze Anam __knowledge__ As a hunter, he used to hunt for game around the Omambala River when he found a peaceful peninsula across the river and settled there.", "Umueze Anam __knowledge__ Nwavor was accused of having a hand in the death of his archrival a kinsman of his and in other to free himself from the accusation decided to leave Nteje and settle at Odah.", "Umueze Anam __knowledge__ He first arrived at a place called Odah Anam where he found a lot of wildlife and fertile land for agricultural purposes.", "Institute of the Incarnate Word __knowledge__ The Institute of the Incarnate Word (IVE) () is a Roman Catholic religious institute founded in Argentina by Fr.", "Institute of the Incarnate Word __knowledge__ Carlos Miguel Buela on March 25, 1984.", "Institute of the Incarnate Word __knowledge__ The Institute is a \"Clerical Institute\" of Consecrated Life of Diocesan Right which includes both priests and religious brothers of either apostolic or contemplative life.", "Institute of the Incarnate Word __knowledge__ The Institute is the male branch of the Religious Family of the Incarnate Word: a union of religious institutes founded by Fr.", "Institute of the Incarnate Word __knowledge__ Buela.", "Institute of the Incarnate Word __knowledge__ The other two branches are the female religious community known as the Servants of the Lord and the Virgin of Matará (SSVM) and the Secular Third Order.", "Spiders (album) __knowledge__ Spiders is the debut album by English band Space, released on 16 September 1996.", "Spiders (album) __knowledge__ After signing to independent label Gut Records, the band recorded \"Spiders\" between 1995 and 1996 in Liverpool.", "Spiders (album) __knowledge__ The album combines a great wealth of styles and genres, including rock, hip hop, techno and funk.", "Spiders (album) __knowledge__ It was the result of the various musical tastes of the band members, with several songs containing several different styles within themselves.", "Spiders (album) __knowledge__ Many of the lyrics of the album, mostly written by vocalist Tommy Scott and inspired by films, are darkly humorous and largely story-driven, featuring numerous sadistic characters.", "Our Lady of Peace Shrine __knowledge__ Our Lady of Peace Shrine is a Roman Catholic parish of the Diocese of San Jose located in Santa Clara, California.", "Our Lady of Peace Shrine __knowledge__ The most notable feature of the parish is the 32-foot statue of Our Lady, Queen of Peace, which is visible from U.S. Highway 101.", "Our Lady of Peace Shrine __knowledge__ The parish was founded on June 24, 1961 when Father Joseph G. Sullivan was appointed pastor.", "Our Lady of Peace Shrine __knowledge__ In 1969 Fr.", "Our Lady of Peace Shrine __knowledge__ John Joseph Sweeny took over and worked to pay down the parish's $500,000 debt.", "Our Lady of Peace Shrine __knowledge__ After Monsignor Sweeny's retirement in accordance with the age requirements in canon law, Fr.", "Our Lady of Peace Shrine __knowledge__ Walter Mallo, IVE was appointed pastor.", "Our Lady of Peace Shrine __knowledge__ The parish had two Associate pastors while Fr.", "Artisan Entertainment __knowledge__ Artisan Entertainment (formerly known as U.S.A. Home Video, International Video Entertainment (IVE) and LIVE Entertainment) was an American film studio and home video company.", "Artisan Entertainment __knowledge__ It was considered one of the largest mini-major film studios until it was purchased by later mini-major film studio Lions Gate Entertainment in 2003.", "Artisan Entertainment __knowledge__ At the time of its acquisition, Artisan had a library of thousands of films developed through acquisition, original production, and production and distribution agreements.", "Artisan Entertainment __knowledge__ Its headquarters and private screening room were located in Santa Monica, California.", "Artisan Entertainment __knowledge__ It also had an office in Tribeca in Manhattan, New York.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ The Dallas Mavericks (often referred to as the Mavs) are an American professional basketball team based in Dallas, Texas.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ The Mavericks compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member club of the league's Western Conference Southwest Division.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ The team plays its home games at the American Airlines Center, which it shares with the National Hockey League's Dallas Stars.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ According to a 2016 \"Forbes\" magazine report, they are the ninth most valuable basketball franchise in the NBA, valued at approximately $1.4 billion.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ As of the 2017 season, the Mavericks have sold out 704 consecutive games since December 15, 2001, the longest currently running sellout streak in North American major league sports.", "Utah Jazz __knowledge__ The Utah Jazz are an American professional basketball team based in Salt Lake City, Utah.", "Utah Jazz __knowledge__ The Jazz compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member club of the league's Western Conference Northwest Division.", "Utah Jazz __knowledge__ Since 1991, the team has played its home games at Vivint Smart Home Arena.", "Utah Jazz __knowledge__ The franchise began play in 1974 as the New Orleans Jazz, an expansion team based in New Orleans; the Jazz moved to Salt Lake City in 1979.", "Utah Jazz __knowledge__ The Jazz were one of the least successful teams in the league in their early years.", "Utah Jazz __knowledge__ Although 10 seasons elapsed before the Jazz qualified for their first playoff appearance in 1984, they did not miss the playoffs again until 2004.", "San Antonio Spurs __knowledge__ The San Antonio Spurs are an American professional basketball team based in San Antonio, Texas.", "San Antonio Spurs __knowledge__ The Spurs compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member of the league's Western Conference Southwest Division.", "San Antonio Spurs __knowledge__ The team plays its home games at the AT&T Center in San Antonio.", "San Antonio Spurs __knowledge__ The Spurs are one of four former American Basketball Association (ABA) teams to remain intact in the NBA after the 1976 ABA–NBA merger and the only former ABA team to have won an NBA championship.", "San Antonio Spurs __knowledge__ The Spurs' five NBA championships are the fourth most in history (tied with the Golden State Warriors) behind only the Boston Celtics (17), Los Angeles Lakers (16), and Chicago Bulls (6).", "History of the Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ This is about the History of the Dallas Mavericks (also known as the Mavs), a professional basketball team based in Dallas, Texas, USA, belonging to the NBA.", "History of the Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ In their history, the Mavericks have won one NBA championship, three division titles, and two conference championships.", "History of the Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ In 1979, businessman Don Carter and partner Norm Sonju requested the right to bring an NBA franchise to Dallas.", "History of the Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ The last professional basketball team in Dallas had been the Dallas Chaparrals of the American Basketball Association, which moved to San Antonio in 1973 to become the San Antonio Spurs.", "History of the Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ At the 1980 NBA All-Star Game, league owners voted to admit the new team, with the team's name coming from the 1957–1962 television western \"Maverick\" the name was chosen by the fans with 4600 postcards received beating \"Wranglers\" and \"Express\".", "Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ The Memphis Grizzlies are an American professional basketball team based in Memphis, Tennessee.", "Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ The Grizzlies compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member team of the league's Western Conference Southwest Division.", "Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ The Grizzlies play their home games at FedExForum.", "Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ The team is owned by Robert Pera.", "Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ The Grizzlies are currently the only team in the major professional North American sports leagues based in the city of Memphis.", "Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ The team was originally established as the Vancouver Grizzlies, an expansion team that joined the NBA for the .", "Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ After the 2000–01 NBA season concluded, the Grizzlies moved to Memphis.", "History of the Houston Rockets __knowledge__ The Houston Rockets are an American professional basketball team based in Houston, Texas.", "History of the Houston Rockets __knowledge__ The team plays in the Southwest Division of the Western Conference in the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "History of the Houston Rockets __knowledge__ The team was established in 1967, and played in San Diego, California for four years, before moving to Houston, Texas.", "History of the Houston Rockets __knowledge__ In the Rockets' debut season, they won 15 games.", "History of the Houston Rockets __knowledge__ After drafting Elvin Hayes first overall in the 1968 NBA Draft, they made their first appearance in the playoffs in 1969.", "History of the Houston Rockets __knowledge__ After Hayes was traded, Moses Malone replaced him.", "History of the Houston Rockets __knowledge__ Malone won two Most Valuable Player (MVP) awards during his time in Houston, and he led the Rockets to the 1978 conference finals in his first year with the Rockets.", "History of the Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ The Memphis Grizzlies are a professional basketball team based in Memphis, Tennessee.", "History of the Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ The Vancouver Grizzlies were a Canadian professional basketball team based in Vancouver, British Columbia.", "History of the Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ They were part of the Midwest Division of the Western Conference of the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "History of the Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ The team was established in 1995, along with the Toronto Raptors, as part of the NBA's expansion into Canada.", "History of the Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ Following the 2000–01 season, the team relocated to Memphis, Tennessee, United States, and were renamed as the Memphis Grizzlies.", "History of the Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ The team played their home games at General Motors Place for the entirety of their six seasons in Vancouver." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The Vancouver Grizzlies were a Canadian professional basketball team based in Vancouver, British Columbia.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ They were part of the Midwest Division of the Western Conference of the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The team was established in 1995, along with the Toronto Raptors, as part of the NBA's expansion into Canada.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ Following the 2000–01 season, the team relocated to Memphis, Tennessee, United States, and are known as the Memphis Grizzlies.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The Grizzlies played their home games at General Motors Place for the entirety of their 6 seasons in Vancouver.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ Like most expansion teams, the Grizzlies struggled in their early years.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The team finished last in the division in five of its seasons, and never managed to win more than 30 percent of its games in any of the team's seasons in Vancouver.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ In total, the team won 101 games, lost 359, and never qualified for the NBA playoffs.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The two expansion teams were denied early draft picks in the first season, but the Grizzlies secured Shareef Abdur-Rahim in 1996.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The team continued to lose games despite high draft picks.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ After they selected Steve Francis as second pick in 1999, he refused to play in Vancouver and was traded away.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ After the 1998–99 lockout, lower attendance and a weak Canadian dollar caused the owner Orca Bay Sports and Entertainment to start losing money on the franchise.", "Shaq–Kobe feud __knowledge__ The \"Shaq–Kobe feud\" (or \"Kobe–Shaq feud\") was the conflict between National Basketball Association (NBA) players Shaquille O'Neal and Kobe Bryant, who played together on the Los Angeles Lakers team from 1996 to 2004.", "Shaq–Kobe feud __knowledge__ The two were able to win three consecutive NBA Championships (2000, 2001, 2002) and make an NBA Finals appearance in 2004.", "Shaq–Kobe feud __knowledge__ O'Neal was the NBA Finals MVP in each of their victories.", "Shaq–Kobe feud __knowledge__ Personal differences and arguments over their respective roles on the Lakers were followed by a trade that sent O'Neal to the Miami Heat while Bryant was re-signed as a free agent by the Lakers.", "Shaq–Kobe feud __knowledge__ Lakers head coach Phil Jackson would later write a book entitled \"\", reflecting on the troubles Bryant and O'Neal had during their last season together.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Charles Barkley __knowledge__ Charles Wade Barkley (born February 20, 1963) is an American retired professional basketball player who is currently an analyst on \"Inside the NBA\".", "Charles Barkley __knowledge__ Nicknamed \"Chuck\", \"Sir Charles\", and \"The Round Mound of Rebound\", Barkley established himself as one of the National Basketball Association's most dominant power forwards.", "Charles Barkley __knowledge__ An All-American center at Auburn, he was drafted as a junior by the Philadelphia 76ers with the 5th pick of the 1984 NBA draft.", "Charles Barkley __knowledge__ He was selected to the All-NBA First Team five times, the All-NBA Second Team five times, and once to the All-NBA Third Team.", "Charles Barkley __knowledge__ He earned eleven NBA All-Star Game appearances and was named the All-Star MVP in 1991.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha Lee is a fictional character in the BBC soap opera \"Doctors\", played by Laura Rollins.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha was introduced as a Practice Nurse at The Mill by Peter Eryl Lloyd.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ She made her first appearance on Tuesday 30 September 2014.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Since her arrival in the show Ayesha has faced storylines including an on off relationship with Sid Vere, having a troubled relationship with Tyler Green, dealing with her mother Bren's alcohol and later drug addiction, being attacked by Ike and supporting Valerie Pittman through her Cancer scare.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha first arrives at \"The Mill\" as a replacement for Mandy Marquez, she is almost immediately attracted to new doctor Sid Vere.", "Wilt Chamberlain __knowledge__ Wilton Norman Chamberlain (August 21, 1936 – October 12, 1999) was an American basketball player.", "Wilt Chamberlain __knowledge__ He played for the Philadelphia/San Francisco Warriors, the Philadelphia 76ers, and the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association (NBA); he played for the University of Kansas and also for the Harlem Globetrotters before playing in the NBA.", "Wilt Chamberlain __knowledge__ The 7 foot 1 inch Chamberlain weighed 250 pounds as a rookie before bulking up to 275 and eventually to over 300 pounds with the Lakers.", "Wilt Chamberlain __knowledge__ He played the center position and is widely considered one of the greatest and most dominant players in NBA history.", "Shaquille O'Neal __knowledge__ Shaquille Rashaun O'Neal ( ; born March 6, 1972), nicknamed \"Shaq\" ( ), is an American retired professional basketball player currently serving as a sports analyst on the television program \"Inside the NBA\".", "Shaquille O'Neal __knowledge__ He is widely considered one of the greatest players in NBA history.", "Shaquille O'Neal __knowledge__ At tall and , he was one of the heaviest players ever to play in the NBA, where he played for six teams throughout his 19-year career.", "Shaquille O'Neal __knowledge__ Following his time at Louisiana State University, O'Neal was drafted by the Orlando Magic with the first overall pick in the 1992 NBA draft.", "Shaquille O'Neal __knowledge__ He quickly became one of the best centers in the league, winning Rookie of the Year in 1992–93 and leading his team to the 1995 NBA Finals.", "Jeremy Lin __knowledge__ Jeremy Shu-How Lin (born August 23, 1988) is an American professional basketball player for the Brooklyn Nets of the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Jeremy Lin __knowledge__ He unexpectedly led a winning turnaround with the New York Knicks in 2012, which generated a global craze known as \"Linsanity\".", "Jeremy Lin __knowledge__ Lin grew up in the San Francisco Bay Area and earned Northern California Player of the Year honors as a senior in high school.", "Jeremy Lin __knowledge__ After receiving no athletic scholarship offers, he attended Harvard University, where he was a three-time All-Conference player in the Ivy League.", "Jeremy Lin __knowledge__ Undrafted out of college, Lin reached a partially guaranteed contract deal in 2010 with his hometown Golden State Warriors.", "British Columbia __knowledge__ British Columbia (BC or B.C.", "British Columbia __knowledge__ ; French: \"Colombie-Britannique\") is the westernmost province of Canada, located between the Pacific Ocean and the Rocky Mountains.", "British Columbia __knowledge__ With an estimated population of 4.8 million as of 2017, it is Canada's third-most populous province.", "British Columbia __knowledge__ The first British settlement in the area was Fort Victoria, established in 1843, which gave rise to the City of Victoria, at first the capital of the separate Colony of Vancouver Island.", "British Columbia __knowledge__ Subsequently, on the mainland, the Colony of British Columbia (1858–1866) was founded by Richard Clement Moody and the Royal Engineers, Columbia Detachment, in response to the Fraser Canyon Gold Rush.", "History of British Columbia __knowledge__ British Columbia is the westernmost province of Canada.", "History of British Columbia __knowledge__ Originally politically constituted as a pair of British colonies, British Columbia joined the Canadian Confederation on July 20, 1871.", "History of British Columbia __knowledge__ Perhaps the most influential historian of British Columbia has been Margaret Ormsby.", "History of British Columbia __knowledge__ In \"British Columbia: A History\" (1958) she presented a structural model that has been adopted by numerous historians and teachers.", "History of British Columbia __knowledge__ Chad Reimer says, \"in many aspects, it still has not been surpassed\".", "History of British Columbia __knowledge__ Ormsby posited a series of propositions that provided the dynamic to the history: the ongoing pull between maritime and continental forces; the opposition between a \"closed\", hierarchical model of society represented by the Hudson's Bay Company and colonial officials, and the \"open\", egalitarian vision of English and Canadian settlers; and regional tensions between Vancouver Island and mainland, metropolitan Vancouver and the hinterland interior.", "Vancouver __knowledge__ Vancouver (, ) is a coastal seaport city in Canada, located in the Lower Mainland region of British Columbia.", "Vancouver __knowledge__ As the most populous city in the province, the 2016 census recorded 631,486 people in the city, up from 603,502 in 2011.", "Vancouver __knowledge__ The Greater Vancouver area had a population of 2,463,431 in 2016, making it the third-largest metropolitan area in Canada.", "Vancouver __knowledge__ Vancouver has the highest population density in Canada with over 5,400 people per square kilometre, which makes it the fourth-most densely populated city with over 250,000 residents in North America behind New York City, San Francisco, and Mexico City according to the 2011 census.", "Chinese Canadians in Greater Vancouver __knowledge__ Chinese Canadians are a sizable part of the population in Greater Vancouver, especially in the Chinese communities in the city of Vancouver and the adjoining suburban city of Richmond.", "Chinese Canadians in Greater Vancouver __knowledge__ The legacy of Chinese immigration is prevalent throughout the Vancouver area.", "Chinese Canadians in Greater Vancouver __knowledge__ Chinese Canadians have been a presence in Vancouver since its 1886 incorporation.", "Chinese Canadians in Greater Vancouver __knowledge__ Shifts in the economy of smaller towns in British Columbia and immigration caused the size of Vancouver's ethnic Chinese community to increase.", "Chinese Canadians in Greater Vancouver __knowledge__ Like those of other areas of North America, Vancouver's initial Chinese population was mainly from Guangdong province.", "Chinese Canadians in British Columbia __knowledge__ The history of Chinese Canadians in British Columbia began with the first recorded visit by Chinese people to North America in 1788.", "Chinese Canadians in British Columbia __knowledge__ Some 30–40 men were employed as shipwrights at Nootka Sound in what is now British Columbia, to build the first European-type vessel in the Pacific Northwest, named the \"North West America\".", "Chinese Canadians in British Columbia __knowledge__ Large-scale immigration of Chinese began seventy years later with the advent of the Fraser Canyon Gold Rush of 1858.", "Chinese Canadians in British Columbia __knowledge__ During the gold rush, settlements of Chinese grew in Victoria and New Westminster and the \"capital of the Cariboo\" Barkerville and numerous other towns.", "Chinese Canadians in British Columbia __knowledge__ and throughout the colony's Interior, where many communities were dominantly Chinese.", "Pacific Northwest __knowledge__ The Pacific Northwest (PNW), sometimes referred to as Cascadia, is a geographic region in western North America bounded by the Pacific Ocean to the west and (loosely) by the Cascade Mountain Range on the east.", "Pacific Northwest __knowledge__ Though no agreed boundary exists, a common conception includes the U.S. states of Oregon and Washington and the Canadian province of British Columbia.", "Pacific Northwest __knowledge__ Broader conceptions reach north into Southeast Alaska and Yukon, south into northern California and east to the Continental Divide, thus including Idaho, Western Montana, and western Wyoming.", "Pacific Northwest __knowledge__ Narrower conceptions may be limited to the northwestern US or to the coastal areas west of the Cascade and Coast mountains.", "Indo-Canadians in British Columbia __knowledge__ The first Indo-Canadians in British Columbia were mostly persons who originated from Hoshiarpur and Jullundur, two communities in the Punjab region of the British Raj, in modern-day India, followed by large waves of people from the Malwa, Punjab.", "Indo-Canadians in British Columbia __knowledge__ Many Punjabis originally settled in rural Canada at the turn of the twentieth century, working in sawmills and the agricultural sector.", "Indo-Canadians in British Columbia __knowledge__ As their numbers grew anti-\"Hindu\" sentiment increased among the Whites living in the province and they were prevented from voting beginning in 1908.", "Indo-Canadians in British Columbia __knowledge__ Originally Indo-Canadian settlement was predominately male; large numbers of women and children began arriving in the 1940s." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The Vancouver Grizzlies were a Canadian professional basketball team based in Vancouver, British Columbia.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ They were part of the Midwest Division of the Western Conference of the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The team was established in 1995, along with the Toronto Raptors, as part of the NBA's expansion into Canada.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ Following the 2000–01 season, the team relocated to Memphis, Tennessee, United States, and are known as the Memphis Grizzlies.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The Grizzlies played their home games at General Motors Place for the entirety of their 6 seasons in Vancouver.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ Like most expansion teams, the Grizzlies struggled in their early years.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The team finished last in the division in five of its seasons, and never managed to win more than 30 percent of its games in any of the team's seasons in Vancouver.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ In total, the team won 101 games, lost 359, and never qualified for the NBA playoffs.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The two expansion teams were denied early draft picks in the first season, but the Grizzlies secured Shareef Abdur-Rahim in 1996.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The team continued to lose games despite high draft picks.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ After they selected Steve Francis as second pick in 1999, he refused to play in Vancouver and was traded away.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ After the 1998–99 lockout, lower attendance and a weak Canadian dollar caused the owner Orca Bay Sports and Entertainment to start losing money on the franchise.", "NBA Finals __knowledge__ The NBA Finals is the championship series of the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "NBA Finals __knowledge__ The entrants are determined by the victors of the Eastern and Western conferences, who engage in a best-of-seven game series to determine the league champion.", "NBA Finals __knowledge__ The winners of the Finals are awarded the Larry O'Brien Championship Trophy, which replaced the Walter A.", "NBA Finals __knowledge__ Brown Trophy in 1983.", "NBA Finals __knowledge__ Prior to the 1949–50 season, the series was named the BAA Finals, before seeing alteration following the merger between the Basketball Association of America (BAA) and the National Basketball League (NBL) which created the modern NBA.", "2015 NBA Playoffs __knowledge__ The 2015 NBA Playoffs were the postseason tournament of the National Basketball Association's 2014–15 season.", "2015 NBA Playoffs __knowledge__ The tournament concluded with the Western Conference champion Golden State Warriors defeating the Eastern Conference champion Cleveland Cavaliers 4 games to 2 in the NBA Finals.", "2015 NBA Playoffs __knowledge__ Andre Iguodala was named NBA Finals MVP.", "2015 NBA Playoffs __knowledge__ For the first time since 2005–06, all teams from a particular division made the playoffs (in this case, all five teams from the Southwest Division).", "2015 NBA Playoffs __knowledge__ The San Antonio Spurs made their 18th straight playoff appearance, while the Atlanta Hawks (eighth straight playoff appearance) and the Golden State Warriors (third straight playoff appearance) entered the playoffs as the first seeds of their respective conferences.", "Cleveland Cavaliers __knowledge__ The Cleveland Cavaliers, often referred to as the Cavs, are an American professional basketball team based in Cleveland, Ohio.", "Cleveland Cavaliers __knowledge__ The Cavs compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member of the league's Eastern Conference Central Division.", "Cleveland Cavaliers __knowledge__ The team began play as an expansion team in 1970, along with the Portland Trail Blazers and Buffalo Braves.", "Cleveland Cavaliers __knowledge__ Home games were first held at Cleveland Arena from 1970 to 1974, followed by the Richfield Coliseum from 1974 to 1994.", "Cleveland Cavaliers __knowledge__ Since 1994, the Cavs have played home games at Quicken Loans Arena in downtown Cleveland, which is shared with the Cleveland Gladiators of the Arena Football League and the Cleveland Monsters of the American Hockey League.", "History of the Los Angeles Lakers __knowledge__ The Los Angeles Lakers franchise has a long and storied history, predating the formation of the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "History of the Los Angeles Lakers __knowledge__ Founded in 1947, the Lakers are one of the NBA's most famous and successful franchises.", "History of the Los Angeles Lakers __knowledge__ As of summer 2012, the Lakers hold the all-time records for wins (3,125), winning percentage (.620), and NBA Finals appearances (31).", "History of the Los Angeles Lakers __knowledge__ They are second in NBA championships only to the Boston Celtics, winning 16 championships to the Celtics 17 NBA titles.", "History of the Los Angeles Lakers __knowledge__ Their rosters have included some of the game's greatest players, including George Mikan, Jim Pollard, Clyde Lovellette, Elgin Baylor, Jerry West, Wilt Chamberlain, Gail Goodrich, Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, Jamaal Wilkes, James Worthy, Magic Johnson, Shaquille O'Neal, and Kobe Bryant.", "Wilt Chamberlain __knowledge__ Wilton Norman Chamberlain (August 21, 1936 – October 12, 1999) was an American basketball player.", "Wilt Chamberlain __knowledge__ He played for the Philadelphia/San Francisco Warriors, the Philadelphia 76ers, and the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association (NBA); he played for the University of Kansas and also for the Harlem Globetrotters before playing in the NBA.", "Wilt Chamberlain __knowledge__ The 7 foot 1 inch Chamberlain weighed 250 pounds as a rookie before bulking up to 275 and eventually to over 300 pounds with the Lakers.", "Wilt Chamberlain __knowledge__ He played the center position and is widely considered one of the greatest and most dominant players in NBA history.", "2008 NBA Playoffs __knowledge__ The 2008 NBA Playoffs was the postseason tournament of the National Basketball Association's 2007–08 season.", "2008 NBA Playoffs __knowledge__ The tournament concluded with the Eastern Conference champion Boston Celtics defeating the Western Conference champion Los Angeles Lakers 4 games to 2 in the NBA Finals.", "2008 NBA Playoffs __knowledge__ Paul Pierce was named NBA Finals MVP.", "2008 NBA Playoffs __knowledge__ The playoffs were noted for the Atlanta Hawks' return after 9 years, taking the #1 seed Celtics to 7 games before bowing out.", "2008 NBA Playoffs __knowledge__ Also notable was the debut of the Chris Paul-led Hornets in the playoffs after Hurricane Katrina and their 7-game series against defending champions San Antonio Spurs, and the Lakers and Celtics' revitalization of their franchises, most especially after key trades during the preseason and regular season.", "Los Angeles Lakers __knowledge__ The Los Angeles Lakers are an American professional basketball team based in Los Angeles.", "Los Angeles Lakers __knowledge__ The Lakers compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA), as a member of the league's Western Conference Pacific Division.", "Los Angeles Lakers __knowledge__ The Lakers play their home games at Staples Center, an arena shared with the NBA's Los Angeles Clippers, the Los Angeles Sparks of the Women's National Basketball Association, and the Los Angeles Kings of the National Hockey League.", "Los Angeles Lakers __knowledge__ The Lakers are one of the most successful teams in the history of the NBA, and have won 16 NBA championships, their last being in 2010.", "Los Angeles Lakers __knowledge__ As of 2017, the Lakers are the second most valuable franchise in the NBA according to \"Forbes\", having an estimated value of $3.0 billion.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ The Toronto Raptors are a Canadian professional basketball team based in Toronto, Ontario.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ The Raptors compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA), as a member club of the league's Eastern Conference Atlantic Division.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ The team was established in 1995, along with the Vancouver Grizzlies, as part of the NBA's expansion into Canada.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ When the Grizzlies relocated to Memphis, Tennessee to become the Memphis Grizzlies in 2001, the Raptors became the only Canadian-based team in the NBA.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ They originally played their home games at SkyDome, before moving eastward along Bremner Boulevard to the Air Canada Centre in 1999.", "Vince Carter __knowledge__ Vincent Lamar Carter (born January 26, 1977) is an American professional basketball player for the Sacramento Kings of the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Vince Carter __knowledge__ He is tall and plays both shooting guard and small forward.", "Vince Carter __knowledge__ Carter is one of only seven players ever to play at least 20 seasons in the NBA.", "Vince Carter __knowledge__ A high school McDonald's All-American, Carter played three years at the University of North Carolina.", "Vince Carter __knowledge__ While there, he twice reached the Final Four of the NCAA Tournament before being selected as the fifth overall pick in the 1998 NBA draft by the Golden State Warriors, who traded him to the Toronto Raptors.", "History of the Miami Heat __knowledge__ The Miami Heat is an American professional basketball team based in Miami.", "History of the Miami Heat __knowledge__ The team was launched in 1988 and played in the 1988–89 season of the National Basketball Association.", "History of the Miami Heat __knowledge__ The next season they moved from the Western Conference to the Atlantic Division of the Eastern Conference.", "History of the Miami Heat __knowledge__ After a mainly mediocre performance in the first few seasons, there were extensive team changes in 1995 and 1996 under head coach Pat Riley, including the recruitment of Isaac Austin and P.J.", "History of the Miami Heat __knowledge__ Brown.", "History of the Miami Heat __knowledge__ They reached the Eastern Conference Finals for the first time in 1996–97.", "History of the Miami Heat __knowledge__ They did not reach this level again until 2004–05, under new head coach Stan Van Gundy and with Dwyane Wade as a leading team member.", "Maple Leaf Sports &amp; Entertainment __knowledge__ Maple Leaf Sports & Entertainment Ltd. (MLSE) is a professional sports and commercial real estate company based in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.", "Maple Leaf Sports &amp; Entertainment __knowledge__ With assets that include franchises in four of the six major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada, it is the largest sports and entertainment company in Canada, and one of the largest in North America.", "Maple Leaf Sports &amp; Entertainment __knowledge__ The primary holdings of the company are its major sports franchises, the Toronto Maple Leafs of the National Hockey League, Toronto Raptors of the National Basketball Association, Toronto Argonauts of the Canadian Football League, and Toronto FC of Major League Soccer, as well as their minor league farm teams, the Toronto Marlies of the American Hockey League (AHL), Raptors 905 of the NBA G League and Toronto FC II of the United Soccer League, respectively.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ The City of Toronto has a long history of sport.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ It is home to a number of clubs, including: the Granite Club (est.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ 1836), the Royal Canadian Yacht Club (est.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ 1852), the Toronto Cricket Skating and Curling Club (est.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ pre-1827), the Argonaut Rowing Club (est.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ 1872), Toronto Argonauts football club (est.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ 1873), the Toronto Lawn Tennis Club (est.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ 1881), and the Badminton and Racquet Club (est.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ 1924).", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ A number of heritage venues have developed in Toronto such as: Christie Pits (est.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ 1899), Ricoh Coliseum (est.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ 1921), Varsity Arena (est.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ 1926), Maple Leaf Gardens (est.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ 1931).", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ Toronto has teams in nearly every major professional sport, including the Toronto Blue Jays (MLB), Toronto Argonauts (CFL), Toronto Raptors (NBA), Toronto Rock (NLL), Toronto FC (MLS), and the Toronto Maple Leafs (NHL).", "History of the Brooklyn Nets __knowledge__ The Brooklyn Nets, a professional basketball team based in the New York City borough of Brooklyn, was founded in 1967 and initially played in Teaneck, New Jersey, as the New Jersey Americans, later the New Jersey Nets.", "History of the Brooklyn Nets __knowledge__ They are a member of the Atlantic Division of the Eastern Conference in the National Basketball Association (NBA), as well as an original member of the American Basketball Association (ABA).", "History of the Brooklyn Nets __knowledge__ In 2012 they moved to Brooklyn and were renamed the Brooklyn Nets.", "History of the Brooklyn Nets __knowledge__ The franchise was established in 1967 as a founding member of the American Basketball Association (ABA), with trucking magnate Arthur J.", "New York Knicks __knowledge__ The New York Knickerbockers, commonly referred to as the Knicks, are an American professional basketball team based in the New York City borough of Manhattan.", "New York Knicks __knowledge__ The Knicks compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member of the Atlantic Division of the Eastern Conference.", "New York Knicks __knowledge__ The team plays its home games at Madison Square Garden, located in the borough of Manhattan.", "New York Knicks __knowledge__ They are one of two NBA teams located in New York City; the other is the Brooklyn Nets.", "New York Knicks __knowledge__ The team, established by Ned Irish in 1946, was one of the founding members of the Basketball Association of America (BAA), which became the NBA after merging with the rival National Basketball League (NBL) in 1949." ] ]

[ 2, 1, 3, 43 ]

[ "The Grizzlies have a good chance at the playoffs next year! They're in the Midwest Division of the Western Conference of the NBA.", "They actually represent Canada. They're from Vancouver, British Columbia.", "Indeed. The team was actually established back in 95' along with the Toronto Raptors, another team based in Canada.", "Right! The western conference is stacked now. The east is completely open. I can't wait to see what happens." ]

[ "Vancouver Grizzlies", "Vancouver Grizzlies", "Vancouver Grizzlies", "Vancouver Grizzlies" ]

[ "Pizza\nI love eating pizza any day of the week. Do you enjoy pizza?", "Can you tell me more about Italian's favorite dish?", "When was the first pizza created?", "If there is a modern pizza, is there a traditional older pizza?", "Cool - did the text record what were the first toppings on a pizza?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The history of pizza begins in antiquity, when various ancient cultures produced flatbreads with toppings.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The precursor of pizza was probably the focaccia, a flat bread known to the Romans as \"panis focacius\", to which toppings were then added.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza developed in Naples, when tomato was added to the focaccia in the late 18th century.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The word \"pizza\" was first documented in AD 997 in Gaeta and successively in different parts of Central and Southern Italy.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Pizza was mainly eaten in the country of Italy and by emigrants from there.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ This changed after World War II, when Allied troops stationed in Italy came to enjoy pizza along with other Italian foods.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut is an American restaurant chain and international franchise founded in 1958 by Dan and Frank Carney.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ The company is known for its Italian-American cuisine menu including pizza and pasta, as well as side dishes and desserts.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut has over 16,000 locations worldwide as of 2015.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ It is a subsidiary of Yum!", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Brands, Inc., one of the world's largest restaurant companies.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut was founded in June 1958 by two Wichita State University students, brothers Dan and Frank Carney, as a single location in Wichita, Kansas.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ PepsiCo acquired Pizza Hut in November 1977.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Before closing in 2015, the oldest continuously operating Pizza Hut was in Manhattan, Kansas, in a shopping and tavern district known as Aggieville near Kansas State University.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "Papa John's Pizza __knowledge__ Papa John's Pizza is an American restaurant franchise company.", "Papa John's Pizza __knowledge__ It runs the third largest take-out and pizza delivery restaurant chain in the United States, with headquarters in Jeffersontown, Kentucky, a suburb of Louisville.", "Papa John's Pizza __knowledge__ The Papa John's restaurant was founded in 1984 when \"Papa\" John Schnatter knocked out a broom closet in the back of his father's tavern, Mick's Lounge, in Jeffersonville, Indiana.", "Papa John's Pizza __knowledge__ He then sold his 1971 Camaro Z28 to purchase US$1,600 worth of used pizza equipment and began selling pizzas to the tavern's customers out of the converted closet.", "Papa John's Pizza __knowledge__ His pizzas proved so popular that one year later he was able to move into an adjoining space.", "Two Guys and a Girl __knowledge__ Two Guys and a Girl (originally titled Two Guys, a Girl and a Pizza Place) is an American sitcom created by Kenny Schwartz and Danny Jacobson.", "Two Guys and a Girl __knowledge__ It was originally broadcast on ABC from March 10, 1998, to May 16, 2001.", "Two Guys and a Girl __knowledge__ Eighty-one episodes were aired over four seasons.", "Two Guys and a Girl __knowledge__ The series starred Ryan Reynolds, Richard Ruccolo, and Traylor Howard as the title characters.", "Two Guys and a Girl __knowledge__ The second season saw the arrival of two additional recurring characters, Johnny Donnelly (Nathan Fillion) and Ashley Walker (Suzanne Cryer).", "Two Guys and a Girl __knowledge__ In 2000, ABC bounced the sitcom from midweek to Friday night, leading to a steep drop in ratings.", "Two Guys and a Girl __knowledge__ After the show moved back to Wednesday for a two-week trial in an unsuccessful attempt to regain ratings, it was cancelled in May 2001.", "Round Table Pizza __knowledge__ Round Table Pizza is a large chain of pizza parlors in the western United States.", "Round Table Pizza __knowledge__ The company's headquarters are located in Concord, California.", "Round Table Pizza __knowledge__ The company was founded in 1959 by William R. Larson in Menlo Park, California.", "Round Table Pizza __knowledge__ In 1961 a friend of Larson's drew some sketches of members of King Arthur's court eating pizza, and Mr. Larson then adopted the King Arthur theme for his restaurants.", "Round Table Pizza __knowledge__ The three shields in the official logo were added in 1970, and are intended to symbolize the letters \"F-U-N.\" Round Table Pizza began to expand through franchising.", "Round Table Pizza __knowledge__ Larson sold a portion of Round Table stock to a group of investors in 1979." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "Punjabi dhaba __knowledge__ A Punjabi dhaba is a roadside restaurant or cafe in either India or Pakistan featuring Punjabi cuisine.", "Punjabi dhaba __knowledge__ These are found on highways and on the outskirts of cities, towns, and villages.", "Punjabi dhaba __knowledge__ Dhaba is the name given to roadside restaurants in India.", "Punjabi dhaba __knowledge__ They are situated on highways and generally serve local cuisine, and also serve as truck stops.", "Punjabi dhaba __knowledge__ They are most commonly found next to petrol stations, and most are open 24 hours a day.", "Punjabi dhaba __knowledge__ Since many Indian truck drivers are of Punjabi descent, and Punjabi food and music is quite popular throughout India, the word \"dhaba\" has come to represent any restaurant that serves Punjabi food, especially the heavily spiced and fried Punjabi fare preferred by many truck drivers.", "Sweet potato __knowledge__ The sweet potato (\"Ipomoea batatas\") is a dicotyledonous plant that belongs to the bindweed or morning glory family, Convolvulaceae.", "Sweet potato __knowledge__ Its large, starchy, sweet-tasting, tuberous roots are a root vegetable.", "Sweet potato __knowledge__ The young leaves and shoots are sometimes eaten as greens.", "Sweet potato __knowledge__ The sweet potato is only distantly related to the potato (\"Solanum tuberosum\") and does not belong to the nightshade family, Solanaceae, but both families belong to the same taxonomic order, the Solanales.", "Sweet potato __knowledge__ The plant is a herbaceous perennial vine, bearing alternate heart-shaped or palmately lobed leaves and medium-sized sympetalous flowers.", "Schwa (restaurant) __knowledge__ Schwa is an acclaimed, upscale restaurant run by chef-owner Michael Carlson in Chicago, United States.", "Schwa (restaurant) __knowledge__ It is located in the West Town community area and is considered a leader in the molecular gastronomy style of cooking.", "Schwa (restaurant) __knowledge__ Schwa is known for its unconventional approach to business.", "Schwa (restaurant) __knowledge__ Simple table settings match the building's drab exterior and its tiny 26-seat interior.", "Schwa (restaurant) __knowledge__ The restaurant employs no support staff of any kind.", "Schwa (restaurant) __knowledge__ Chefs interact directly with customers and are encouraged to act as silly as they wish, as long as they produce top quality food.", "Schwa (restaurant) __knowledge__ Opening in 2005, Schwa quickly drew local and national attention resulting in a large backlog of reservations.", "Dish Network __knowledge__ Dish Network (often stylized as DISH Network, or just simply DISH) is an American-based direct-broadcast satellite service provider.", "Dish Network __knowledge__ The company provides satellite television, audio programming, and interactive television services to commercial and residential customers in the United States.", "Dish Network __knowledge__ , the company provided services to 13.7 million television and 580,000 broadband subscribers.", "Dish Network __knowledge__ The company has approximately 16,000 employees.", "Dish Network __knowledge__ The company is headquartered in Meridian, Colorado, though the postal designation of nearby Englewood, Colorado is used in the corporate mailing.", "Dish Network __knowledge__ In January 2008, Dish Network was spun off from its former parent company EchoStar, which was founded by Charlie Ergen as a satellite television equipment distributor in 1980.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Country Captain __knowledge__ Country Captain is a curried chicken and rice dish, which is popular in the Southern United States.", "Country Captain __knowledge__ It was introduced to the U.S. through Charleston, Savannah, New York and Philadelphia, but has origins in India.", "Country Captain __knowledge__ The dish was once included in the United States military Meal, Ready-to-Eat packs, in honor of it being a favorite dish of George S. Patton.", "Country Captain __knowledge__ It has also appeared on television shows in both the United States and in the United Kingdom, with chefs Bobby Flay, Atul Kochhar and Cyrus Todiwala all cooking the dish.", "Country Captain __knowledge__ Todiwala served his version to Queen Elizabeth II as part of her Diamond Jubilee celebrations.", "Chuck Versus the Nemesis __knowledge__ \"Chuck Versus the Nemesis\" is the tenth episode of \"Chuck\"'s first season.", "Chuck Versus the Nemesis __knowledge__ It aired on November 26, 2007.", "Chuck Versus the Nemesis __knowledge__ Chuck is forced to confront his former college roommate and the man who ruined his life when Bryce Larkin is discovered alive.", "Chuck Versus the Nemesis __knowledge__ Bryce Larkin (Matthew Bomer) is undergoing examination in a CIA detention facility while Casey and Sarah look on.", "Chuck Versus the Nemesis __knowledge__ However, he refuses to speak with anyone but Chuck.", "Chuck Versus the Nemesis __knowledge__ Chuck is at work, still trying to get in touch with Sarah since their kiss in the previous episode.", "Chuck Versus the Nemesis __knowledge__ Sarah arrives to bring him in before they can discuss what happened between them.", "Chuck Versus the Nemesis __knowledge__ Chuck is shocked to learn Bryce is alive and wants to see him.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ This Is England '86 is a 2010 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne, a spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\".", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Set three years later, it focuses on the mod revival scene rather than the skinhead subculture, with the gang variously adopting an eclectic mix of clothing styles.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Like the film version previously, Thomas Turgoose stars as Shaun, with central roles played by Joe Gilgun as Woody, now a scooter-riding mod, although girlfriend Lol (Vicky McClure) and her friend Trev stay loyal to their roots and still wear the skinhead garb.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Lol's sister Kelly has gone new wave/punk, while other gang members adopt psychobilly, early chav and mohican influences.", "Parmigiana __knowledge__ Parmigiana (, ; ; also parmigiana di melanzane , or melanzane alla parmigiana or shortened as Parmy, in Australian English called eggplant parmesan) is an Italian dish made with a shallow or deep-fried sliced eggplant (also called aubergine) filling, layered with cheese and tomato sauce, then baked.", "Parmigiana __knowledge__ Parmigiana made with a filling of eggplant is the earliest and still unique Italian version.", "Parmigiana __knowledge__ The origin of the dish is claimed by both the Southern regions of Campania and Sicily.", "Parmigiana __knowledge__ Other variations found outside Italy may include chicken, veal, or another type of meat cutlet or vegetable filling.", "Parmigiana __knowledge__ The dish consists of sliced eggplant, pan fried in oil, layered with tomato sauce and cheese, and baked in an oven.", "King Vitaman __knowledge__ King Vitaman is a brand of sweetened breakfast cereal produced by Quaker Oats and sold in the United States.", "King Vitaman __knowledge__ The cereal entered the marketplace in 1968, and although it has changed mascots over the years, it is still in production.", "King Vitaman __knowledge__ King Vitaman Cereal boasts high vitamin and iron content, in addition to a more modest amount of sugar (only 6 grams per serving—more popular breakfast cereals, such as Cap'n Crunch and Lucky Charms contain 13 grams or more).", "King Vitaman __knowledge__ The early television commercials for the cereal were animated by Jay Ward Productions, the creators of \"Rocky and Bullwinkle\".", "King Vitaman __knowledge__ The advertising featured King Vitaman (voiced by character actor Joe Flynn) and his knights: Sir Laffitup & Sir Cravenleigh and their foes Blue Baron (voiced by Paul Frees) & Not-So-Bright Knight." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The history of pizza begins in antiquity, when various ancient cultures produced flatbreads with toppings.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The precursor of pizza was probably the focaccia, a flat bread known to the Romans as \"panis focacius\", to which toppings were then added.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza developed in Naples, when tomato was added to the focaccia in the late 18th century.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The word \"pizza\" was first documented in AD 997 in Gaeta and successively in different parts of Central and Southern Italy.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Pizza was mainly eaten in the country of Italy and by emigrants from there.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ This changed after World War II, when Allied troops stationed in Italy came to enjoy pizza along with other Italian foods.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ The pizza box or pizza package is a folding box made of cardboard in which hot pizzas are stored in for takeaway.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ The \"pizza box\" also makes home delivery and takeaway substantially easier.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ The pizza box has to be highly resistant, cheap, stackable, thermally insulated to regulate humidity and suitable for food transportation.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ In addition, it provides space for advertising.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ The pizza packages differ from those of frozen pizzas, which contain the frozen product in heat-sealed plastic foils as is the case with much frozen food.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ Containers to deliver freshly baked pizzas have existed at least since the 19th century, when Neapolitan pizza bakers put their products in multi-layered metallic containers known as \"stufe\" (singular \"stufa\", \"oven\") and then sent them to the street sellers.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut is an American restaurant chain and international franchise founded in 1958 by Dan and Frank Carney.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ The company is known for its Italian-American cuisine menu including pizza and pasta, as well as side dishes and desserts.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut has over 16,000 locations worldwide as of 2015.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ It is a subsidiary of Yum!", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Brands, Inc., one of the world's largest restaurant companies.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut was founded in June 1958 by two Wichita State University students, brothers Dan and Frank Carney, as a single location in Wichita, Kansas.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ PepsiCo acquired Pizza Hut in November 1977.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Before closing in 2015, the oldest continuously operating Pizza Hut was in Manhattan, Kansas, in a shopping and tavern district known as Aggieville near Kansas State University.", "Pizza Corner __knowledge__ Pizza Corner was an international franchise of pizzeria chains that offers a wide range of pizzas, pastas and side dishes from chicken wings to salads.", "Pizza Corner __knowledge__ Pizza Corner operated as both standalone restaurants or combined with other Global Franchise Architects brands such as Coffee World or Cream & Fudge.", "Pizza Corner __knowledge__ Its service formats include: large dine-in restaurants, delivery outlets, express dine-ins, and express kiosks.", "Pizza Corner __knowledge__ Pizza Corner was a brand of Global Franchise Architects (GFA), a Geneva, Switzerland-based company that builds, operates, and franchises a specialty food service brands.", "Pizza Corner __knowledge__ All Pizza Corner restaurants and kiosks are designed by Itorama and built by Interbuild Solutions, two companies that are part of the Synergia One Group.", "Ed LaDou __knowledge__ Ed LaDou (October 9, 1955 – December 27, 2007) was an American pizza chef, who is credited with popularizing gourmet California-style pizzas.", "Ed LaDou __knowledge__ Ed LaDou was the first pizza chef at Wolfgang Puck's Spago restaurant in L.A.", "Ed LaDou __knowledge__ He also developed the first menu for the California Pizza Kitchen.", "Ed LaDou __knowledge__ The invention of the California-style pizza begins with a Berkeley, California, pizza restaurant, Chez Panisse, and its owner, Alice Waters.", "Ed LaDou __knowledge__ Waters was the first to create pizzas with exotic and unusual toppings which were cooked in a wood-burning pizza oven.", "Ed LaDou __knowledge__ However, LaDou was a major figure in the development and popularity of these types of pizzas.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ Domino’s Pizza, Inc. is an American pizza restaurant chain founded in 1960.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ The corporation is headquartered at the Domino's Farms Office Park in Ann Arbor, Michigan.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ In 1960, Tom Monaghan and his brother, James, purchased DomiNick's, a small pizza store at 301 West Cross Street in Ypsilanti, Michigan, near Eastern Michigan University.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ The deal was secured by a $500 down payment, and the brothers borrowed $900 to pay for the store.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ The brothers planned to split the work hours evenly, but James did not want to quit his job as a full-time postman to keep up with the demands of the new business.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ Within eight months, James traded his half of the business to Tom for the Volkswagen Beetle they used for pizza deliveries.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ Breakfast is the first meal of a day, most often eaten in the early morning before undertaking the day's work.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The word in English refers to breaking the fasting period of the prior night.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ There is a strong tendency for one or more \"typical\", or \"traditional\", breakfast menus to exist in most places, but the composition of this varies widely from place to place, and has varied over time, so that globally a very wide range of preparations and ingredients are now associated with breakfast.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The Old English word for dinner, \"disner\", means to break a fast, and was the first meal eaten in the day until its meaning shifted in the mid-13th century.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ This is a listing of regional variations on the hot dog.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Different areas of the world have local variations on the type of meat used, condiments, and means of preparation, which are enumerated below.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Hot dogs are very popular throughout the United States.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Many regional variations exist.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Hot dogs made with caribou meat added are sold as \"reindeer dogs\" throughout Alaska.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ The Sonoran hot dog is popular in Tucson, Phoenix, and elsewhere in southern Arizona, as well as in the neighboring Mexican state of Sonora.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ It is a hot dog wrapped in mesquite-smoked bacon, cooked on a grill or on a griddle or comal, then topped with pinto beans, onions, tomatoes, mayonnaise, mustard and jalapeño salsa or sauce, and served on a bolillo roll, often with a side of fresh-roasted chili pepper.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Medieval cuisine includes foods, eating habits, and cooking methods of various European cultures during the Middle Ages, which lasted from the fifth to the fifteenth century.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ During this period, diets and cooking changed less than they did in the early modern period that followed, when those changes helped lay the foundations for modern European cuisine.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Cereals remained the most important staple during the early Middle Ages as rice was introduced late, and the potato was only introduced in 1536, with a much later date for widespread consumption.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Barley, oat and rye were eaten by the poor.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Wheat was for the governing classes." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The history of pizza begins in antiquity, when various ancient cultures produced flatbreads with toppings.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The precursor of pizza was probably the focaccia, a flat bread known to the Romans as \"panis focacius\", to which toppings were then added.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza developed in Naples, when tomato was added to the focaccia in the late 18th century.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The word \"pizza\" was first documented in AD 997 in Gaeta and successively in different parts of Central and Southern Italy.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Pizza was mainly eaten in the country of Italy and by emigrants from there.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ This changed after World War II, when Allied troops stationed in Italy came to enjoy pizza along with other Italian foods.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is a service in which a pizzeria or pizza chain delivers a pizza to a customer.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ An order is typically made either by telephone or over the internet to the pizza chain, in which the customer can request pizza type, size and other products alongside the pizza, commonly including soft drinks.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ Pizzas may be delivered in pizza boxes or delivery bags, and deliveries are made with either an automobile, motorized scooter, or bicycle.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ Customers can, depending on the pizza chain, choose to pay online, or in person, with cash, credit or a debit card.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ A delivery fee is often charged with what the customer has bought.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut is an American restaurant chain and international franchise founded in 1958 by Dan and Frank Carney.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ The company is known for its Italian-American cuisine menu including pizza and pasta, as well as side dishes and desserts.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut has over 16,000 locations worldwide as of 2015.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ It is a subsidiary of Yum!", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Brands, Inc., one of the world's largest restaurant companies.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut was founded in June 1958 by two Wichita State University students, brothers Dan and Frank Carney, as a single location in Wichita, Kansas.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ PepsiCo acquired Pizza Hut in November 1977.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Before closing in 2015, the oldest continuously operating Pizza Hut was in Manhattan, Kansas, in a shopping and tavern district known as Aggieville near Kansas State University.", "Raffaele Esposito __knowledge__ Raffaele Esposito was the Italian owner of a tavern called Pizzeria di Pietro e Basta Cosi in the Nineteenth century, and is considered by some to be the father of modern pizza.", "Raffaele Esposito __knowledge__ In 1889, pizza had not yet become a popular or well-known dish, and was typically eaten by poor people as a way to use up various ingredients that would otherwise go to waste.", "Raffaele Esposito __knowledge__ At that time, Esposito was considered the premier pizza-maker in the city of Naples.", "Raffaele Esposito __knowledge__ Esposito was therefore requested to prepare a pizza for Queen Margherita of Savoy, who had traveled to Naples with King Umberto I. Esposito and his wife were admitted to the royal kitchens to prepare this dish as he saw fit.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ The pizza box or pizza package is a folding box made of cardboard in which hot pizzas are stored in for takeaway.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ The \"pizza box\" also makes home delivery and takeaway substantially easier.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ The pizza box has to be highly resistant, cheap, stackable, thermally insulated to regulate humidity and suitable for food transportation.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ In addition, it provides space for advertising.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ The pizza packages differ from those of frozen pizzas, which contain the frozen product in heat-sealed plastic foils as is the case with much frozen food.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ Containers to deliver freshly baked pizzas have existed at least since the 19th century, when Neapolitan pizza bakers put their products in multi-layered metallic containers known as \"stufe\" (singular \"stufa\", \"oven\") and then sent them to the street sellers.", "Naples __knowledge__ Naples (; , Neapolitan: \"Napule\" or ; ; , meaning \"new city\") is the capital of the Italian region Campania and the third-largest municipality in Italy after Rome and Milan.", "Naples __knowledge__ In 2015, around 975,260 people lived within the city's administrative limits.", "Naples __knowledge__ The Metropolitan City of Naples had a population of 3,115,320.", "Naples __knowledge__ Naples is the 9th-most populous urban area in the European Union with a population of between 3 million and 3.7 million.", "Naples __knowledge__ About 4.4 million people live in the Naples metropolitan area, the second in Italy after Milan and one of the largest metropolises on the Mediterranean Sea.", "Naples __knowledge__ Naples is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world.", "Neapolitan cuisine __knowledge__ Neapolitan cuisine has ancient historical roots that date back to the Greco-Roman period, which was enriched over the centuries by the influence of the different cultures that controlled Naples and its kingdoms, such as that of Aragon and France.", "Neapolitan cuisine __knowledge__ Since Naples was the capital of the Kingdom of Naples, its cuisine took much from the culinary traditions of all the Campania region, reaching a balance between dishes based on rural ingredients (pasta, vegetables, cheese) and seafood dishes (fish, crustaceans, mollusks).", "Neapolitan cuisine __knowledge__ A vast variety of recipes is influenced by the local aristocratic cuisine, such as \"timballo\" and the \"\", pasta or rice dishes with very elaborate preparation, and dishes from popular traditions prepared with inexpensive but nutritionally healthy ingredients, like \"pasta e fagioli\" (pasta with beans) and other pasta dishes with vegetables." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The history of pizza begins in antiquity, when various ancient cultures produced flatbreads with toppings.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The precursor of pizza was probably the focaccia, a flat bread known to the Romans as \"panis focacius\", to which toppings were then added.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza developed in Naples, when tomato was added to the focaccia in the late 18th century.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The word \"pizza\" was first documented in AD 997 in Gaeta and successively in different parts of Central and Southern Italy.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Pizza was mainly eaten in the country of Italy and by emigrants from there.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ This changed after World War II, when Allied troops stationed in Italy came to enjoy pizza along with other Italian foods.", "Loader (computing) __knowledge__ In computer systems a loader is the part of an operating system that is responsible for loading programs and libraries.", "Loader (computing) __knowledge__ It is one of the essential stages in the process of starting a program, as it places programs into memory and prepares them for execution.", "Loader (computing) __knowledge__ Loading a program involves reading the contents of the executable file containing the program instructions into memory, and then carrying out other required preparatory tasks to prepare the executable for running.", "Loader (computing) __knowledge__ Once loading is complete, the operating system starts the program by passing control to the loaded program code.", "Loader (computing) __knowledge__ All operating systems that support program loading have loaders, apart from highly specialized computer systems that only have a fixed set of specialized programs.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ Chicago-style pizza refers to several different styles of pizza developed in Chicago.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ Arguably, the most famous of these is known as deep-dish pizza.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ The pan in which it is baked gives the pizza its characteristically high edge which gives a lot of space for large amounts of cheese and a chunky tomato sauce.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ Chicago-style pizza may be prepared in deep-dish style and as a stuffed pizza.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ According to Tim Samuelson, Chicago's official cultural historian, there is not enough documentation to determine with certainty who invented Chicago-style deep-dish pizza.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ It is often reported that Chicago-style deep-dish pizza was invented at Pizzeria Uno in Chicago, in 1943, by Uno's founder Ike Sewell, a former University of Texas football star.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ Domino’s Pizza, Inc. is an American pizza restaurant chain founded in 1960.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ The corporation is headquartered at the Domino's Farms Office Park in Ann Arbor, Michigan.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ In 1960, Tom Monaghan and his brother, James, purchased DomiNick's, a small pizza store at 301 West Cross Street in Ypsilanti, Michigan, near Eastern Michigan University.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ The deal was secured by a $500 down payment, and the brothers borrowed $900 to pay for the store.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ The brothers planned to split the work hours evenly, but James did not want to quit his job as a full-time postman to keep up with the demands of the new business.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ Within eight months, James traded his half of the business to Tom for the Volkswagen Beetle they used for pizza deliveries.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Gaeta __knowledge__ Gaeta (; , Ancient Greek: Καιέτα) is a city and \"comune\" in the province of Latina, in Lazio, central Italy.", "Gaeta __knowledge__ Set on a promontory stretching towards the Gulf of Gaeta, it is from Rome and from Naples.", "Gaeta __knowledge__ The town has played a conspicuous part in military history: its fortifications date back to Roman times, and it has several traces of the period, including the 1st-century mausoleum of the Roman general Lucius Munatius Plancus at the top of the Monte Orlando.", "Gaeta __knowledge__ Gaeta's fortifications were extended and strengthened in the 15th century, especially throughout the history of the Kingdom of Naples (later the Two Sicilies).", "Southern Italy __knowledge__ Southern Italy or Mezzogiorno (, literally \"midday\") is a macroregion of Italy traditionally encompassing the territories of the former Kingdom of the two Sicilies (all the southern section of the Italian Peninsula and Sicily), with the frequent addition of the island of Sardinia.", "Southern Italy __knowledge__ Southern Italy carries a unique legacy of culture.", "Southern Italy __knowledge__ It features many major tourist attractions, such as the Palace of Caserta, the Amalfi Coast, Pompeii and other archaeological sites (many of which are protected by UNESCO).", "Southern Italy __knowledge__ There are also many ancient Greek cities in Southern Italy, such as Sybaris and Paestum, which were founded several centuries before the start of the Roman Republic.", "History of Islam in southern Italy __knowledge__ The history of Islam in southern Italy began with the first Muslim settlement in Sicily, at Mazara, which was captured in 827.", "History of Islam in southern Italy __knowledge__ The subsequent rule of Sicily and Malta started in the 10th century.", "History of Islam in southern Italy __knowledge__ Islamic rule over all Sicily began in 902, and the Emirate of Sicily lasted from 965 until 1061.", "History of Islam in southern Italy __knowledge__ Though Sicily was the primary Muslim stronghold in Italy, some temporary footholds, the most substantial of which was the port city of Bari (occupied from 847 until 871), were established on the mainland peninsula, with Muslim raids reaching as far north as Rome and Piedmont.", "History of Islam in southern Italy __knowledge__ The Muslim raids were part of a larger struggle for power in Italy and Europe, with Christian Byzantine, Frankish, Norman and local Italian forces also competing for control.", "Naples __knowledge__ Naples (; , Neapolitan: \"Napule\" or ; ; , meaning \"new city\") is the capital of the Italian region Campania and the third-largest municipality in Italy after Rome and Milan.", "Naples __knowledge__ In 2015, around 975,260 people lived within the city's administrative limits.", "Naples __knowledge__ The Metropolitan City of Naples had a population of 3,115,320.", "Naples __knowledge__ Naples is the 9th-most populous urban area in the European Union with a population of between 3 million and 3.7 million.", "Naples __knowledge__ About 4.4 million people live in the Naples metropolitan area, the second in Italy after Milan and one of the largest metropolises on the Mediterranean Sea.", "Naples __knowledge__ Naples is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world.", "Campania __knowledge__ Campania () is a region in Southern Italy.", "Campania __knowledge__ As of 2014, the region had a population of around 5,869,000 people, making it the third-most-populous region of Italy; its total area of makes it the most densely populated region in the country.", "Campania __knowledge__ Located on the Italian Peninsula, with the Mediterranean Sea to the west, it includes the small Phlegraean Islands and Capri for administration as part of the region.", "Campania __knowledge__ Campania was colonised by Ancient Greeks and was part of \"Magna Græcia\".", "Campania __knowledge__ During the Roman era, the area maintained a Greco-Roman culture.", "Campania __knowledge__ The capital city of Campania is Naples.", "Campania __knowledge__ Campania is rich in culture, especially in regard to gastronomy, music, architecture, archeological and ancient sites such as Pompeii, Herculaneum, Paestum and Velia.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 4, 3, 7 ]

[ "What? Who doesn't love that traditional Italian dish! LOL ", "Well, it can be topped with vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese!", "Modern pizza was invented in Naples- which date, I'm not too sure!", "Well, the term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "NO, lol, i wonder what it would have said if it did! I just know that Pizza is the most popular food in the world it seems!" ]

[ "Pizza", "Pizza", "Pizza", "Pizza", "Pizza" ]

[ "Mountain Dew\nDo you drink a lot of soda? I used to be up to 6 cans of Diet Dew a day.", "Unfortunately, me too. (love the carbonation) I went cold turkey and went through severe caffeine withdrawal. ", "I didn't know that Mt. Dew was that old! I drink sparkling energy drinks now, with a doctor's recommendation.", "Oh really, what they finally came up with is pretty awesome. PepsiCo was on to something good. " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ Mountain Dew (stylized as Mtn Dew) is a carbonated soft drink brand produced and owned by PepsiCo.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ The original formula was invented in 1940 by Tennessee beverage bottlers Barney and Ally Hartman.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ A revised formula was created by Bill Bridgforth in 1958.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ The rights to this formula were obtained by the Tip Corporation of Marion, Virginia.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ William H. \"Bill\" Jones of the Tip corporation further refined the formula, launching that version of Mountain Dew in 1961.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ In August 1964, the Mountain Dew brand and production rights were acquired from Tip by the Pepsi-Cola company, at which point distribution expanded more widely across the United States and Canada.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ Between the 1940s and 1980s, there was just one variety of Mountain Dew, which was citrus-flavored and caffeinated in most markets.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ Diet Mountain Dew was introduced in 1988, followed by Mountain Dew Red, which was introduced and subsequently discontinued in 1988.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ In 2001, a cherry flavor called Code Red debuted.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ This product line extension trend has continued, with expansion into specialty, limited time production, region-specific, and retailer-specific (Taco Bell, 7-Eleven) variations of Mountain Dew.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ Production was extended to the UK in 1996, but was phased out in 1998.", "List of citrus soft drinks __knowledge__ In addition to Pepsi's Mountain Dew, Coca-Cola's Mello Yello or Dr Pepper's Sun Drop, there are a variety of smaller or regional brands for citrus soda.", "List of citrus soft drinks __knowledge__ In deference to Mountain Dew's leading position in the market segment, some brands also use the word \"Mountain\" in their names.", "List of citrus soft drinks __knowledge__ Big K Citrus Drop is the generic version of Mountain Dew sold at Kroger stores.", "List of citrus soft drinks __knowledge__ Its name plays another citrus drink, Sun Drop, which claims that its introduction in 1928 makes it the first soft drink marketed in this category, earlier than Mountain Dew.", "List of citrus soft drinks __knowledge__ The brand's slogan is \"Pop the Drop\" which is analogous to Mountain Dew's former \"Do the Dew\" slogan.", "Sugary drink tax __knowledge__ A sugary drink tax or soda tax is a tax or surcharge designed to reduce consumption of drinks with added sugar.", "Sugary drink tax __knowledge__ Drinks covered under a soda tax often include carbonated soft drinks, sports drinks and energy drinks.", "Sugary drink tax __knowledge__ The tax is a matter of public debate in many countries and beverage producers like Coca-Cola often oppose it.", "Sugary drink tax __knowledge__ Advocates such as national medical associations and the World Health Organization (WHO) promote the tax as an example of Pigovian taxation, aimed to discourage unhealthy diets and offset the growing economic costs of obesity.", "Sugary drink tax __knowledge__ Type II Diabetes is a growing health concern in many developed and developing countries around the world, with 1.6 million deaths directly due to type II diabetes in 2015 alone.", "Jones Soda __knowledge__ Jones Soda Co. is a beverage company based in Pioneer Square, Seattle, Washington.", "Jones Soda __knowledge__ It bottles and distributes soft drinks, non-carbonated beverages, energy drinks, and candy.", "Jones Soda __knowledge__ Jones Soda is a carbonated soft drink that has many unusual flavors that are not offered by other soft drink makers.", "Jones Soda __knowledge__ The company was founded by Peter van Stolk in 1986 as a beverage distributor in Western Canada.", "Jones Soda __knowledge__ Until 1995, the company distributed other beverage lines such as AriZona Iced Tea and Thomas Kemper sodas in Western Canada.", "Jones Soda __knowledge__ As the company gained significant knowledge of the beverage industry, it decided to get into the market with alternative beverages as the Urban Juice & Soda Company.", "Soft drink __knowledge__ A soft drink (see terminology for other names) is a drink that typically contains carbonated water (although lemonade, among others, is usually not carbonated), a sweetener, and a natural or artificial flavoring.", "Soft drink __knowledge__ The sweetener may be sugar, high-fructose corn syrup, fruit juice, sugar substitutes (in the case of diet drinks), or some combination of these.", "Soft drink __knowledge__ Soft drinks may also contain caffeine, colorings, preservatives, and other ingredients.", "Soft drink __knowledge__ Soft drinks are called \"soft\" in contrast with \"hard\" alcoholic beverages.", "Soft drink __knowledge__ Small amounts of alcohol may be present in a soft drink, but the alcohol content must be less than 0.5% of the total volume if the drink is to be considered non-alcoholic.", "The Coca-Cola Company __knowledge__ The Coca-Cola Company, which is headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia, but incorporated in Wilmington, Delaware, is an American multinational beverage corporation, and manufacturer, retailer, and marketer of nonalcoholic beverage concentrates and syrups.", "The Coca-Cola Company __knowledge__ The company is best known for its flagship product Coca-Cola, invented in 1886 by pharmacist John Stith Pemberton in Columbus, Georgia.", "The Coca-Cola Company __knowledge__ The Coca-Cola formula and brand were bought in 1889 by Asa Griggs Candler (December 30, 1851 – March 12, 1929), who incorporated The Coca-Cola Company in 1892.", "The Coca-Cola Company __knowledge__ The company has operated a franchised distribution system since 1889, wherein The Coca-Cola Company only produces syrup concentrate, which is then sold to various bottlers throughout the world who hold exclusive territories.", "Coca-Cola __knowledge__ Coca-Cola, or Coke, is a carbonated soft drink produced by The Coca-Cola Company.", "Coca-Cola __knowledge__ Originally intended as a patent medicine, it was invented in the late 19th century by John Pemberton and was bought out by businessman Asa Griggs Candler, whose marketing tactics led Coca-Cola to its dominance of the world soft-drink market throughout the 20th century.", "Coca-Cola __knowledge__ The drink's name refers to two of its original ingredients, which were kola nuts (a source of caffeine) and coca leaves.", "Coca-Cola __knowledge__ The current formula of Coca-Cola remains a trade secret, although a variety of reported recipes and experimental recreations have been published." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ Mountain Dew (stylized as Mtn Dew) is a carbonated soft drink brand produced and owned by PepsiCo.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ The original formula was invented in 1940 by Tennessee beverage bottlers Barney and Ally Hartman.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ A revised formula was created by Bill Bridgforth in 1958.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ The rights to this formula were obtained by the Tip Corporation of Marion, Virginia.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ William H. \"Bill\" Jones of the Tip corporation further refined the formula, launching that version of Mountain Dew in 1961.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ In August 1964, the Mountain Dew brand and production rights were acquired from Tip by the Pepsi-Cola company, at which point distribution expanded more widely across the United States and Canada.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ Between the 1940s and 1980s, there was just one variety of Mountain Dew, which was citrus-flavored and caffeinated in most markets.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ Diet Mountain Dew was introduced in 1988, followed by Mountain Dew Red, which was introduced and subsequently discontinued in 1988.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ In 2001, a cherry flavor called Code Red debuted.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ This product line extension trend has continued, with expansion into specialty, limited time production, region-specific, and retailer-specific (Taco Bell, 7-Eleven) variations of Mountain Dew.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ Production was extended to the UK in 1996, but was phased out in 1998.", "Effect of caffeine on memory __knowledge__ Caffeine is a bitter, white crystalline xanthine alkaloid that acts as a psychoactive stimulant drug.", "Effect of caffeine on memory __knowledge__ It can have both positive and negative effects on different aspects of memory.", "Effect of caffeine on memory __knowledge__ The effects of caffeine on short-term memory (STM) are controversial.", "Effect of caffeine on memory __knowledge__ Findings are inconsistent, as many effects of caffeine sometimes impair short-term and working memory, whereas the other studies indicate enhancing effects.", "Effect of caffeine on memory __knowledge__ Increasing our capacities of STM and working memory only seem to have beneficial impacts upon our daily lives.", "Effect of caffeine on memory __knowledge__ Increasing our memory capacities would result in retaining more information for extended periods of time and encoding information from STM to long-term memory.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ Caffeine is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant of the methylxanthine class.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ It is the world's most widely consumed psychoactive drug.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ Unlike many other psychoactive substances, it is legal and unregulated in nearly all parts of the world.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ There are several known mechanisms of action to explain the effects of caffeine.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ The most prominent is that it reversibly blocks the action of adenosine on its receptor and consequently prevents the onset of drowsiness induced by adenosine.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ Caffeine also stimulates certain portions of the autonomic nervous system.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ Caffeine is a bitter, white crystalline purine, a methylxanthine alkaloid, and is chemically related to the adenine and guanine bases of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA).", "Cold Turkey __knowledge__ \"Cold Turkey\" is a song written by John Lennon, released as a single in 1969 by the Plastic Ono Band on Apple Records, catalogue Apples 1001 in the United Kingdom, Apple 1813 in the United States.", "Cold Turkey __knowledge__ It is the second solo single issued by Lennon, and it peaked at number 30 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 and number 14 on the UK Singles Chart.", "Cold Turkey __knowledge__ The song's first appearance on an album was \"Live Peace in Toronto 1969\" where the song had been performed live on 13 September 1969 with Lennon reading the lyrics off a clip-board.", "Cold Turkey __knowledge__ According to Peter Brown in his book \"The Love You Make\", the song was written in a \"creative outburst\" following Lennon and Yoko Ono going \"cold turkey\" from their brief heroin addictions.", "Panic disorder __knowledge__ Panic disorder is an anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent unexpected panic attacks.", "Panic disorder __knowledge__ Panic attacks are sudden periods of intense fear that may include palpitations, sweating, shaking, shortness of breath, numbness, or a feeling that something really bad is going to happen.", "Panic disorder __knowledge__ The maximum degree of symptoms occurs within minutes.", "Panic disorder __knowledge__ There may be ongoing worries about having further attacks and avoidance of places where attacks have occurred in the past.", "Panic disorder __knowledge__ The cause of panic disorder is unknown.", "Panic disorder __knowledge__ Panic disorder often runs in families.", "Panic disorder __knowledge__ Risk factors include smoking, psychological stress, and a history of child abuse.", "Caffeine dependence __knowledge__ Caffeine is a commonplace central nervous system stimulant drug which occurs in nature as part of the coffee, tea, yerba mate and other plants.", "Caffeine dependence __knowledge__ It is also an additive in many consumer products, most notably beverages advertised as energy drinks.", "Caffeine dependence __knowledge__ Caffeine is also added to sodas such as Coca-Cola and Pepsi, where, on the ingredients listing, it is designated as a flavoring agent, due to pure caffeine powder having a bitter flavour.", "Caffeine dependence __knowledge__ 2 coffees = addicted to caffeine (Dunlop & Keevers, 2018).", "Caffeine dependence __knowledge__ Caffeine's mechanism of action is somewhat different from that of cocaine and the substituted amphetamines; caffeine blocks adenosine receptors A and A2A.", "Cold turkey __knowledge__ \"Cold turkey\" refers to the abrupt cessation of a substance dependence and the resulting unpleasant experience, as opposed to gradually easing the process through reduction over time or by using replacement medication.", "Cold turkey __knowledge__ The term comes from the piloerection or \"goose bumps\" that occurs with abrupt withdrawal from opioids, which resembles the skin of a plucked refrigerated turkey.", "Cold turkey __knowledge__ Sudden withdrawal from drugs such as alcohol, benzodiazepines, and barbiturates can be extremely dangerous, leading to potentially fatal seizures.", "Cold turkey __knowledge__ For long-term alcoholics, going cold turkey can cause life-threatening delirium tremens, rendering this an inappropriate method for breaking an alcohol addiction.", "Smoking cessation __knowledge__ Smoking cessation (also known as quitting smoking) is the process of discontinuing tobacco smoking.", "Smoking cessation __knowledge__ Tobacco smoke contains nicotine, which is addictive.", "Smoking cessation __knowledge__ Nicotine withdrawal makes the process of quitting often very prolonged and difficult.", "Smoking cessation __knowledge__ Seventy percent of smokers would like to quit smoking, and 50 percent report attempting to quit within the past year.", "Smoking cessation __knowledge__ Smoking is the leading preventable cause of death worldwide.", "Smoking cessation __knowledge__ Tobacco cessation significantly reduces the risk of dying from tobacco-related diseases such as coronary heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and lung cancer.", "Smoking cessation __knowledge__ Due to its link to many chronic diseases, cigarette smoking has been restricted in many public areas.", "List of citrus soft drinks __knowledge__ In addition to Pepsi's Mountain Dew, Coca-Cola's Mello Yello or Dr Pepper's Sun Drop, there are a variety of smaller or regional brands for citrus soda.", "List of citrus soft drinks __knowledge__ In deference to Mountain Dew's leading position in the market segment, some brands also use the word \"Mountain\" in their names.", "List of citrus soft drinks __knowledge__ Big K Citrus Drop is the generic version of Mountain Dew sold at Kroger stores.", "List of citrus soft drinks __knowledge__ Its name plays another citrus drink, Sun Drop, which claims that its introduction in 1928 makes it the first soft drink marketed in this category, earlier than Mountain Dew.", "List of citrus soft drinks __knowledge__ The brand's slogan is \"Pop the Drop\" which is analogous to Mountain Dew's former \"Do the Dew\" slogan.", "PepsiCo __knowledge__ PepsiCo, Inc. is an American multinational food, snack, and beverage corporation headquartered in Purchase, New York.", "PepsiCo __knowledge__ PepsiCo has interests in the manufacturing, marketing, and distribution of grain-based snack foods, beverages, and other products.", "PepsiCo __knowledge__ PepsiCo was formed in 1965 with the merger of the Pepsi-Cola Company and Frito-Lay, Inc. PepsiCo has since expanded from its namesake product Pepsi to a broader range of food and beverage brands, the largest of which included an acquisition of Tropicana Products in 1998 and the Quaker Oats Company in 2001, which added the Gatorade brand to its portfolio.", "Soft drink __knowledge__ A soft drink (see terminology for other names) is a drink that typically contains carbonated water (although lemonade, among others, is usually not carbonated), a sweetener, and a natural or artificial flavoring.", "Soft drink __knowledge__ The sweetener may be sugar, high-fructose corn syrup, fruit juice, sugar substitutes (in the case of diet drinks), or some combination of these.", "Soft drink __knowledge__ Soft drinks may also contain caffeine, colorings, preservatives, and other ingredients.", "Soft drink __knowledge__ Soft drinks are called \"soft\" in contrast with \"hard\" alcoholic beverages.", "Soft drink __knowledge__ Small amounts of alcohol may be present in a soft drink, but the alcohol content must be less than 0.5% of the total volume if the drink is to be considered non-alcoholic.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ Pepsi is a carbonated soft drink produced and manufactured by PepsiCo.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ Originally created and developed in 1893 by Caleb Bradham and introduced as Brad's Drink, it was renamed as Pepsi-Cola on August 28, 1898, and then as Pepsi in 1961.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ The drink Pepsi was first introduced as \"Brad's Drink\" in New Bern, North Carolina, United States, in 1893 by Caleb Bradham, who made it at his drugstore where the drink was sold.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ It was renamed Pepsi-Cola in 1898 after the root of the word \"dyspepsia\" and the kola nuts used in the recipe.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ The original recipe also included sugar and vanilla.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ Bradham sought to create a fountain drink that was appealing and would aid in digestion and boost energy.", "Pepsi-Cola Made with Real Sugar __knowledge__ The Pepsi-Cola Made with Real Sugar, formerly called Throwback, is a brand of soft drink sold by PepsiCo in the United States and in sweet stores in South Australia for its flagship Pepsi and Mountain Dew brands.", "Pepsi-Cola Made with Real Sugar __knowledge__ The drinks, called Pepsi Throwback and Mountain Dew Throwback, are named as such because they are flavored with cane sugar and beet sugar instead of high fructose corn syrup, which soft drink companies used to replace sugar (in their North American products) in the 1980s.", "Pepsi-Cola Made with Real Sugar __knowledge__ In addition, these drinks use retro packaging.", "Pepsi-Cola Made with Real Sugar __knowledge__ As of June 2014, Pepsi Throwback has been replaced in one area of the United States by \"Pepsi-Cola Made with Real Sugar\", a new product formulation, also made without high fructose corn syrup.", "Pepsi Max __knowledge__ Pepsi Max (also known as Pepsi Black in some countries) is a low-calorie, sugar-free cola, marketed by PepsiCo as an alternative to their drinks Pepsi and Diet Pepsi.", "Pepsi Max __knowledge__ It is sold primarily in European and Asian markets.", "Pepsi Max __knowledge__ A drink with the same name but different formulation (containing ginseng and higher quantities of caffeine) was sold in the United States until it was renamed \"Pepsi Zero Sugar\" in late 2016.", "Pepsi Max __knowledge__ Pepsi Max debuted in Australia, United Kingdom and Italy in April 1993.", "Pepsi Max __knowledge__ The rollout was expanded to Ireland the following September, and to France, Greece, Spain, Portugal the Netherlands the following December." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ Mountain Dew (stylized as Mtn Dew) is a carbonated soft drink brand produced and owned by PepsiCo.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ The original formula was invented in 1940 by Tennessee beverage bottlers Barney and Ally Hartman.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ A revised formula was created by Bill Bridgforth in 1958.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ The rights to this formula were obtained by the Tip Corporation of Marion, Virginia.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ William H. \"Bill\" Jones of the Tip corporation further refined the formula, launching that version of Mountain Dew in 1961.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ In August 1964, the Mountain Dew brand and production rights were acquired from Tip by the Pepsi-Cola company, at which point distribution expanded more widely across the United States and Canada.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ Between the 1940s and 1980s, there was just one variety of Mountain Dew, which was citrus-flavored and caffeinated in most markets.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ Diet Mountain Dew was introduced in 1988, followed by Mountain Dew Red, which was introduced and subsequently discontinued in 1988.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ In 2001, a cherry flavor called Code Red debuted.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ This product line extension trend has continued, with expansion into specialty, limited time production, region-specific, and retailer-specific (Taco Bell, 7-Eleven) variations of Mountain Dew.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ Production was extended to the UK in 1996, but was phased out in 1998.", "Energy drink __knowledge__ An energy drink is a type of beverage containing stimulant drugs, usually including caffeine, which is marketed as providing mental and physical stimulation (marketed as \"energy\", but distinct from food energy).", "Energy drink __knowledge__ They may or may not be carbonated and many also contain sugar or other sweeteners, herbal extracts, taurine, and amino acids.", "Energy drink __knowledge__ They are a subset of the larger group of energy products, which includes bars and gels, and distinct from sports drinks, which are advertised to enhance sports performance.", "Energy drink __knowledge__ There are many brands and varieties of energy drinks.", "Energy drink __knowledge__ Coffee, tea and other naturally caffeinated beverages are usually not considered energy drinks.", "Red Bull __knowledge__ Red Bull is an energy drink sold by Austrian company Red Bull GmbH, created in 1987.", "Red Bull __knowledge__ Red Bull has the highest market share of any energy drink in the world, with 6.06 billion cans sold in 2016.", "Red Bull __knowledge__ Austrian entrepreneur Dietrich Mateschitz was inspired by an existing energy drink named Krating Daeng, which was first introduced and sold in Thailand by Chaleo Yoovidhya.", "Red Bull __knowledge__ He took this idea, modified the ingredients to suit the tastes of Westerners, and, in partnership with Chaleo, founded Red Bull GmbH in 1987 in Chakkapong, Thailand.", "Red Bull __knowledge__ In Thai, \"daeng\" means red, and \"krating\" is the word used for a large bovine animal called a gaur in formal English.", "Soft drink __knowledge__ A soft drink (see terminology for other names) is a drink that typically contains carbonated water (although lemonade, among others, is usually not carbonated), a sweetener, and a natural or artificial flavoring.", "Soft drink __knowledge__ The sweetener may be sugar, high-fructose corn syrup, fruit juice, sugar substitutes (in the case of diet drinks), or some combination of these.", "Soft drink __knowledge__ Soft drinks may also contain caffeine, colorings, preservatives, and other ingredients.", "Soft drink __knowledge__ Soft drinks are called \"soft\" in contrast with \"hard\" alcoholic beverages.", "Soft drink __knowledge__ Small amounts of alcohol may be present in a soft drink, but the alcohol content must be less than 0.5% of the total volume if the drink is to be considered non-alcoholic.", "Four Loko __knowledge__ Four Loko is a line of alcoholic beverages sold by Phusion Projects of Chicago, Illinois, United States.", "Four Loko __knowledge__ Phusion operates as Drink Four Brewing Company.", "Four Loko __knowledge__ Four Loko, the company's most popular beverage, debuted in the United States market in 2005 and is available in 49 states, and in 21 countries including Chile, The Bahamas, Peru, Mexico, Bolivia, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, China, Canada and some countries in Europe.", "Four Loko __knowledge__ The name \"Four\" is derived from the original drink's content of four standard drinks.", "Four Loko __knowledge__ Four branded products have been the object of legal, ethical, and health concerns related to the company allegedly marketing them to underage drinkers and the danger of combining alcohol and caffeine.", "Functional beverage __knowledge__ A functional beverage is a drink typically intended to convey a health benefit.", "Functional beverage __knowledge__ Some include ingredients like herbs, vitamins, minerals, amino acids, or additional raw fruit or vegetables.", "Functional beverage __knowledge__ Examples of functional beverages include sports and performance drinks, energy drinks, ready to drink (RTD) teas, enhanced fruit drinks, soy beverages, and enhanced water.", "Functional beverage __knowledge__ Functional beverages have become popular among people who want specific health benefits from their foods and beverages.", "Functional beverage __knowledge__ Both convenience and health have been identified as important factors in consumers' decision-making about food and beverage purchases.", "Sugary drink tax __knowledge__ A sugary drink tax or soda tax is a tax or surcharge designed to reduce consumption of drinks with added sugar.", "Sugary drink tax __knowledge__ Drinks covered under a soda tax often include carbonated soft drinks, sports drinks and energy drinks.", "Sugary drink tax __knowledge__ The tax is a matter of public debate in many countries and beverage producers like Coca-Cola often oppose it.", "Sugary drink tax __knowledge__ Advocates such as national medical associations and the World Health Organization (WHO) promote the tax as an example of Pigovian taxation, aimed to discourage unhealthy diets and offset the growing economic costs of obesity.", "Sugary drink tax __knowledge__ Type II Diabetes is a growing health concern in many developed and developing countries around the world, with 1.6 million deaths directly due to type II diabetes in 2015 alone.", "List of citrus soft drinks __knowledge__ In addition to Pepsi's Mountain Dew, Coca-Cola's Mello Yello or Dr Pepper's Sun Drop, there are a variety of smaller or regional brands for citrus soda.", "List of citrus soft drinks __knowledge__ In deference to Mountain Dew's leading position in the market segment, some brands also use the word \"Mountain\" in their names.", "List of citrus soft drinks __knowledge__ Big K Citrus Drop is the generic version of Mountain Dew sold at Kroger stores.", "List of citrus soft drinks __knowledge__ Its name plays another citrus drink, Sun Drop, which claims that its introduction in 1928 makes it the first soft drink marketed in this category, earlier than Mountain Dew.", "List of citrus soft drinks __knowledge__ The brand's slogan is \"Pop the Drop\" which is analogous to Mountain Dew's former \"Do the Dew\" slogan.", "Pepsi-Cola Made with Real Sugar __knowledge__ The Pepsi-Cola Made with Real Sugar, formerly called Throwback, is a brand of soft drink sold by PepsiCo in the United States and in sweet stores in South Australia for its flagship Pepsi and Mountain Dew brands.", "Pepsi-Cola Made with Real Sugar __knowledge__ The drinks, called Pepsi Throwback and Mountain Dew Throwback, are named as such because they are flavored with cane sugar and beet sugar instead of high fructose corn syrup, which soft drink companies used to replace sugar (in their North American products) in the 1980s.", "Pepsi-Cola Made with Real Sugar __knowledge__ In addition, these drinks use retro packaging.", "Pepsi-Cola Made with Real Sugar __knowledge__ As of June 2014, Pepsi Throwback has been replaced in one area of the United States by \"Pepsi-Cola Made with Real Sugar\", a new product formulation, also made without high fructose corn syrup.", "Good Old Mountain Dew __knowledge__ \"Good Old Mountain Dew\" (ROUD 18669), sometimes called simply \"Mountain Dew\" or \"Real Old Mountain Dew\", is an Appalachian folk song composed by Bascom Lamar Lunsford and Scotty Wiseman.", "Good Old Mountain Dew __knowledge__ There are two versions of the lyrics, a 1928 version written by Lunsford and a 1935 adaptation by Wiseman.", "Good Old Mountain Dew __knowledge__ Both versions of the song are about moonshine.", "Good Old Mountain Dew __knowledge__ The 1935 version has been widely covered and has entered into the folk tradition becoming a standard.", "Good Old Mountain Dew __knowledge__ Along with being an amateur folklorist and musician, Bascom Lamar Lunsford was a lawyer practicing in rural North Carolina during the 1920s.", "Good Old Mountain Dew __knowledge__ At the time, the manufacturing of beverage alcohol for non-medicinal purposes was illegal in the United States due to prohibition, but North Carolina residents nevertheless continued their longstanding tradition of making a form of illegal whiskey called moonshine.", "Amp Energy __knowledge__ Amp Energy (or simply Amp) is an energy drink brand produced and owned by PepsiCo.", "Amp Energy __knowledge__ At the time of its introduction in 2001, Amp Energy was initially distributed under the Mountain Dew soft drink brand.", "Amp Energy __knowledge__ Since 2009, it has been produced and labeled under its own stand-alone trademark name.", "Amp Energy __knowledge__ The beverage is packaged in both 16-ounce and 24-ounce cans, and is sold in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom and Lebanon.", "Amp Energy __knowledge__ As of 2009, Amp Energy was the number four energy drink brand in the U.S. in terms of overall retail sales.", "Amp Energy __knowledge__ The original formulation of Amp Energy was positioned as a flavor extension of the Mountain Dew brand, and in 2001 its label read \"\"Amp Energy Drink from Mountain Dew\".\"", "Green Label __knowledge__ Green Label is an online magazine, a partnership between Mountain Dew and Complex Media producing sponsored content covering action sports, music, art and style.", "Green Label __knowledge__ The site replaces several websites and a YouTube channel that have been overseen by PepsiCo since 2007.", "Green Label __knowledge__ The initiative originated in 2013 and will continue through the year.", "Green Label __knowledge__ Mountain Dew's Green Label promotion originated in 2007, when a line of limited edition aluminum bottles was put into production, featuring artwork from a range of tattoo artists and other artists.", "Green Label __knowledge__ This initial series marked the first use of the term \"Green Label Art\" to describe the use of artistic works on Mountain Dew packaging." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ Mountain Dew (stylized as Mtn Dew) is a carbonated soft drink brand produced and owned by PepsiCo.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ The original formula was invented in 1940 by Tennessee beverage bottlers Barney and Ally Hartman.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ A revised formula was created by Bill Bridgforth in 1958.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ The rights to this formula were obtained by the Tip Corporation of Marion, Virginia.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ William H. \"Bill\" Jones of the Tip corporation further refined the formula, launching that version of Mountain Dew in 1961.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ In August 1964, the Mountain Dew brand and production rights were acquired from Tip by the Pepsi-Cola company, at which point distribution expanded more widely across the United States and Canada.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ Between the 1940s and 1980s, there was just one variety of Mountain Dew, which was citrus-flavored and caffeinated in most markets.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ Diet Mountain Dew was introduced in 1988, followed by Mountain Dew Red, which was introduced and subsequently discontinued in 1988.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ In 2001, a cherry flavor called Code Red debuted.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ This product line extension trend has continued, with expansion into specialty, limited time production, region-specific, and retailer-specific (Taco Bell, 7-Eleven) variations of Mountain Dew.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ Production was extended to the UK in 1996, but was phased out in 1998.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ The 2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series was the 66th season of professional stock car racing in the United States and the 43rd modern-era Cup season.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ The season began at Daytona International Speedway, with the Sprint Unlimited, followed by the Daytona 500.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ The season ended with the Ford EcoBoost 400 at Homestead-Miami Speedway.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ This season was the final year of broadcasting for both the ESPN family of networks and Turner Sports.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ ESPN had covered the second half of the Sprint Cup season since 2007 while Turner Sports ended a thirty-one year relationship with NASCAR on TBS and later TNT.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ For 2015, their portions of the season were divided between Fox Sports and NBC.", "PepsiCo __knowledge__ PepsiCo, Inc. is an American multinational food, snack, and beverage corporation headquartered in Purchase, New York.", "PepsiCo __knowledge__ PepsiCo has interests in the manufacturing, marketing, and distribution of grain-based snack foods, beverages, and other products.", "PepsiCo __knowledge__ PepsiCo was formed in 1965 with the merger of the Pepsi-Cola Company and Frito-Lay, Inc. PepsiCo has since expanded from its namesake product Pepsi to a broader range of food and beverage brands, the largest of which included an acquisition of Tropicana Products in 1998 and the Quaker Oats Company in 2001, which added the Gatorade brand to its portfolio.", "List of Parks and Recreation characters __knowledge__ The primary characters of the American television comedy series \"Parks and Recreation\" are the employees of the parks department of Pawnee, a fictional Indiana town.", "List of Parks and Recreation characters __knowledge__ The protagonist is Leslie Knope (Amy Poehler), the deputy parks director as well as serving on city council, and the rest of the ensemble cast consists of her friends and co-workers, including nurse Ann Perkins (Rashida Jones), parks director Ron Swanson (Nick Offerman), and parks department employees Tom Haverford (Aziz Ansari), April Ludgate (Aubrey Plaza), Andy Dwyer (Chris Pratt), Jerry Gergich (Jim O'Heir), and Donna Meagle (Retta).", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "Lexa (The 100) __knowledge__ Lexa is a fictional character from the American post-apocalyptic science fiction television series \"The 100\", produced by The CW.", "Lexa (The 100) __knowledge__ The recurring television character (portrayed by Alycia Debnam-Carey) does not appear in the books on which the series is based.", "Lexa (The 100) __knowledge__ The commander of the allied Grounder clans, Lexa is proven to be a reasonable leader and strong warrior.", "Lexa (The 100) __knowledge__ She considers love a weakness, a view significantly impacted by the death of her girlfriend, Costia.", "Lexa (The 100) __knowledge__ Though she starts to show romantic feelings for Clarke Griffin (leader of the Sky People) and takes Clarke's views into consideration, Lexa puts her people first, even at the expense of losing Clarke's trust.", "Vices &amp; Virtues __knowledge__ Vices & Virtues is the third studio album by American rock band Panic!", "Vices &amp; Virtues __knowledge__ at the Disco, released on March 22, 2011 on Fueled by Ramen.", "Vices &amp; Virtues __knowledge__ Produced by John Feldmann and Butch Walker, the album was recorded as a duo by vocalist and multi-instrumentalist Brendon Urie and drummer Spencer Smith, following the departure of lead guitarist, backing vocalist and primary lyricist Ryan Ross and bassist/backing vocalist Jon Walker in July 2009.", "Vices &amp; Virtues __knowledge__ The album's artwork was conceptualized by touring bassist Dallon Weekes who was inducted as a full-time member of the band near the end of recording.", "Vices &amp; Virtues __knowledge__ While Walker and Ross' exit left a hole in the Panic!", "Frito-Lay __knowledge__ Frito-Lay, Inc. is an American subsidiary of PepsiCo that manufactures, markets, and sells corn chips, potato chips, and other snack foods.", "Frito-Lay __knowledge__ The primary snack food brands produced under the Frito-Lay name include Fritos corn chips, Cheetos cheese-flavored snacks; Doritos and Tostitos tortilla chips; Lay's and Ruffles potato chips; Rold Gold pretzels; and Walkers potato crisps (in the UK and Ireland).", "Frito-Lay __knowledge__ Each brand has generated annual worldwide sales over $1 billion in 2009.", "Frito-Lay __knowledge__ Frito-Lay began in the early 1930s as two separate companies, The Frito Company and H.W.", "Frito-Lay __knowledge__ Lay & Company, which merged in 1961 to form Frito-Lay, Inc. Four years later in 1965, Frito-Lay, Inc. merged with the Pepsi-Cola Company, resulting in the formation of PepsiCo.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ TRL's Number Ones is the collection of music videos that had reached the number-one spot on the daily music video countdown show \"Total Request Live\" which aired on MTV from 1998 to 2008.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ Usually the same video will stay on the number-one spot for a series of weeks but after a certain period it will be retired or honorably discharged from the countdown and be put into the hall of fame.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ The music video is usually determined various ways such as voting online on MTV.com, the \"Billboard\" charts, ratings on the radio and downloads over the internet.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ January 2: \"Lose Yourself\" - Eminem January 3: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 6: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 7: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 8: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 9: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 10: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 13: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 14: \"All I Have\" - Jennifer Lopez featuring LL Cool J January 15: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 16: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 17: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 22: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 23: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 24: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 28: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 29: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 30: \"Bump, Bump, Bump\" - B2K featuring P. Diddy January 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 3: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 4: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 7: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 10: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 11: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 12: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 14: Valentine's Day Special #1 Video: \"Why I Love You\" - B2K February 17: TRL Awards #1 Video: \"Larger Than Life\" - Backstreet Boys February 18: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 19: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 20: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 21: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 24: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 25: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 26: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake February 27: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 28: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 3: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 4: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 7: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 10: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 11: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 12: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 14: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 17: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 18: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 19: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 20: Coverage on the war in Iraq March 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 24: \"The Hell Song\" - Sum 41 March 25: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 26: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 1: \"Girlfriend\" - B2K April 2: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 3: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 4: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 7: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 8: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 9: \"Addicted\" - Simple Plan April 10: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 11: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 15: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 16: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 17: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 18: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 22: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 23: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 24: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 25: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 28: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 29: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 30: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 1: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 2: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 5: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 6: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 7: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 8: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 9: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 12: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 13: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 15: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 16: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 19: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 20: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 22: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 26: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 27: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 28: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 29: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 30: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 2: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 3: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 4: \"Rock Wit U\" - Ashanti June 5: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 9: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 10: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 11: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 12: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 16: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 17: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 18: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 19: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 23: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 24: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 25: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 26: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 30: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 1: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 2: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 3: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 7: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 8: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 9: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 10: Dynamic Duos #1 Video: \"Girlfriend ( Remix )\"- 'N Sync featuring Nelly July 11: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 14: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 15: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 16: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 17: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 18: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 21: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 22: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 23: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 24: Funniest Video #1 Video: \"Without Me\" - Eminem July 25: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 28: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 29: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 30: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 31: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 1: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 4: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 5: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 6: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 7: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 8: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 11: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 12: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 13: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 14: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 15: August 18: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 19: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 20: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 21: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 26: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 27: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy August 28: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 29: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 2: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 3: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 4: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 5: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 8: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 9: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 10: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 11: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 12: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 15: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 17: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 18: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 19: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 23: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 24: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 25: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 26: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 29: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 30: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 1: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 2: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 3: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell October 6: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 7: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul October 8: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 9: \"Perfect\" - Simple Plan October 10: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 14: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 15: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 17: \"Trouble\" - P!nk October 18: \"Trouble\" - Pink October 21: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 23: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 27: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 28: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 29: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 30: \"Will You\" - P. O. D. October 31: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 3: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 4: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 5: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 6: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 7: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 11: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 12: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 13: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 14: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 17: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 18: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 19: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 20: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 24: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 25: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 1: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 2: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 3: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 4: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 5: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 8: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 11: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 16: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 17: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 18: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 19: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 22: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 23: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 29: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit December 30: Song Of The Year: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 5: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 6: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 7: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 8: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 13: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 14: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 16: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 19: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 21: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 22: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 26: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 27: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 28: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 29: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 30: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring Jason Weaver February 2: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 9: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 10: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 11: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 12: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 13: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte February 16: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 17: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 18: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 19: \"Sorry 2004\" - Ruben Studdard February 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 23: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 24: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 25: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon February 27: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 2: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 3: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 4: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 5: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 8: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears March 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 10: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 11: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 15: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 16: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 17: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 18: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 22: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 23: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 24: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 25: \"My Band\" - D12 March 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 29: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 30: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 31: \"My Band\" - D12 April 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 5: \"Naughty Girl\" - Beyoncé April 6: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 7: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 8: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 13: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 14: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 15: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 16: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 19: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 20: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 21: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 22: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 23: \"My Band\" - D12 April 26: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 27: \"My Band\" - D12 April 28: \"My Band\" - D12 April 29: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears May 3: \"My Band\" - D12 May 4: \"My Band\" - D12 May 5: \"My Band\" - D12 May 6: \"My Band\" - D12 May 7: \"My Band\" - D12 May 10: \"My Band\" - D12 May 11: \"My Band\" - D12 May 17: \"My Band\" - D12 May 18: \"Burn\" - Usher May 19: \"Burn\" - Usher May 20: \"Burn\" - Usher May 21: \"Burn\" - Usher May 24: \"My Band\" - D12 May 25: \"Burn\" - Usher May 26: \"Burn\" - Usher May 27: \"My Band\" - D12 May 28: \"My Band\" - D12 May 31: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 1: \"Burn\" - Usher June 2: \"Burn\" - Usher June 3: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 4: \"My Band\" - D12 June 7: \"My Band\" - D12 June 8: \"Burn\" - Usher June 9: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 10: Cross Country Countdown #1 Video: \"Forgot About Dre\" - Dr. Dre featuring Eminem June 11: \"Burn\" - Usher June 14: \"Burn\" - Usher June 15: \"How Come\" - D12 June 16: \"How Come\" - D12 June 17: \"How Come\" - D12 June 18: \"How Come\" - D12 June 21: \"How Come\" - D12 June 22: \"How Come\" - D12 June 23: \"Leave (Get Out)\" - JoJo June 24: \"How Come\" - D12 June 25: \"How Come\" - D12 June 28: \"Leave ( Get Out )\" - JoJo June 29: \"How Come\" - D12 June 30: \"Confessions Pt.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ is a song by American singer Usher.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ He co-wrote the song with Sean Garrett, Patrick J. Que Smith, Robert McDowell, LRoc, Ludacris, Da'Ron, and Lil Jon.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ It also features guest vocals from Lil Jon and Ludacris, with the former also producing the song as well as incorporating crunk and R&B—which he coined as crunk&B—in the song's production.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was released as the lead single from Usher's fourth studio album \"Confessions\" (2004) on January 27, 2004, after Usher was told by Arista Records, his label at the time, to record more tracks for the album.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ topped the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart for 12 consecutive weeks, before being dethroned by Usher's follow-up single \"Burn\".", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Confessions is the fourth studio album by American singer Usher.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ It was released on March 23, 2004, by Arista Records.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Recording sessions for the album took place during 2003 to 2004, with its production handled by his longtime collaborator Jermaine Dupri, along with Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis and Lil Jon, among others.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Primarily an R&B album, \"Confessions\" showcases Usher as a crooner through a mixture of ballads and up-tempos, incorporating musical genres of dance-pop, hip hop and crunk.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ The album's themes generated controversy about Usher's personal relationships; however, the album's primary producer Jermaine Dupri claimed the album reflects Dupri's own personal story.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ Usher Raymond IV (born October 14, 1978), is an American singer, songwriter, dancer and actor.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He was born in Dallas, Texas, but raised in Chattanooga, Tennessee until moving to Atlanta, Georgia.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ At the age of 12, his mother put him in local singing competitions, before catching the attention of a music A&R from LaFace Records.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ In 1994, he released his self-titled debut album, \"Usher\".", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He rose to fame in the late 1990s with the release of his second album \"My Way\" (1997), which spawned his first U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 number-one single, \"Nice & Slow\", amongst top-two singles \"You Make Me Wanna...\" and \"My Way\".", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ Yeah Yeah Yeahs is an American indie rock band formed in New York City in 2000.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ The group is composed of vocalist and pianist Karen O, guitarist and keyboardist Nick Zinner, and drummer Brian Chase.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ They are complemented in live performances by second guitarist David Pajo, who joined as a touring member in 2009 and replaced Imaad Wasif who had previously held this role.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ According to an interview that aired during the ABC network's \"Live from Central Park SummerStage\" series, the band's name was taken from modern New York City vernacular.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ The band has recorded four studio albums; the first, \"Fever to Tell\", was released in 2003." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 9 ]

[ "Mountain dew is a carbonated soft drink made by Pepsi, I used to drink it all the time! no more though, I've cut that out of my diet!", "The original Mountain Dew formula was developed in 1940! Yeah I drink fizzy water now!", "Yeah that was the first, but it was revised to what we know now in 1958.", "Yeah and then in 2001 a cherry flavor called Code Red was released!" ]

[ "Mountain Dew", "Mountain Dew", "Mountain Dew", "Mountain Dew" ]

[ "Juggling", "That sounds so fun, I need to find an entertainer for my kids bday party. Is it hard to learn?", "I see, are there other things jugglers juggle...kind of a tongue twister ha" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Juggling __knowledge__ Juggling is a physical skill, performed by a juggler, involving the manipulation of objects for recreation, entertainment, art or sport.", "Juggling __knowledge__ The most recognizable form of juggling is toss juggling.", "Juggling __knowledge__ Juggling can be the manipulation of one object or many objects at the same time, using one or many hands.", "Juggling __knowledge__ Jugglers often refer to the objects they juggle as props.", "Juggling __knowledge__ The most common props are balls, clubs, or rings.", "Juggling __knowledge__ Some jugglers use more dramatic objects such as knives, fire torches or chainsaws.", "Juggling __knowledge__ The term \"juggling\" can also commonly refer to other prop-based manipulation skills, such as diabolo, devil sticks, poi, cigar boxes, contact juggling, hooping, yo-yo, and hat manipulation.", "Juggling __knowledge__ The words \"juggling\" and \"juggler\" derive from the Middle English \"jogelen\" (\"to entertain by performing tricks\"), which in turn is from the Old French \"jangler\".", "Juggling __knowledge__ There is also the Late Latin form \"joculare\" of Latin \"joculari\", meaning \"to jest\".", "Juggling __knowledge__ Although the etymology of the terms \"juggler\" and \"juggling\" in the sense of manipulating objects for entertainment originates as far back as the 11th century, the current sense of \"to juggle\", meaning \"to continually toss objects in the air and catch them\", originates from the late 19th century." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Juggling __knowledge__ Juggling is a physical skill, performed by a juggler, involving the manipulation of objects for recreation, entertainment, art or sport.", "Juggling __knowledge__ The most recognizable form of juggling is toss juggling.", "Juggling __knowledge__ Juggling can be the manipulation of one object or many objects at the same time, using one or many hands.", "Juggling __knowledge__ Jugglers often refer to the objects they juggle as props.", "Juggling __knowledge__ The most common props are balls, clubs, or rings.", "Juggling __knowledge__ Some jugglers use more dramatic objects such as knives, fire torches or chainsaws.", "Juggling __knowledge__ The term \"juggling\" can also commonly refer to other prop-based manipulation skills, such as diabolo, devil sticks, poi, cigar boxes, contact juggling, hooping, yo-yo, and hat manipulation.", "Juggling __knowledge__ The words \"juggling\" and \"juggler\" derive from the Middle English \"jogelen\" (\"to entertain by performing tricks\"), which in turn is from the Old French \"jangler\".", "Juggling __knowledge__ There is also the Late Latin form \"joculare\" of Latin \"joculari\", meaning \"to jest\".", "Juggling __knowledge__ Although the etymology of the terms \"juggler\" and \"juggling\" in the sense of manipulating objects for entertainment originates as far back as the 11th century, the current sense of \"to juggle\", meaning \"to continually toss objects in the air and catch them\", originates from the late 19th century.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "DJ Cobra __knowledge__ Andrew Bagg (born June 8, 1981), better known by his stage name DJ Cobra, is an open format deejay.", "DJ Cobra __knowledge__ DJ Cobra's career was launched while attending the University of Arizona.", "DJ Cobra __knowledge__ DJ Cobra started cold-calling Record Labels and telling them he was the Hip-Hop Music Director at U of A’s radio station.", "DJ Cobra __knowledge__ This led to free concerts, cultivating relationships with artist’s managers and labels and, most importantly, free records.", "DJ Cobra __knowledge__ After submitting a mix tape to the Mix Show Director and On-Air Personality at 98.3 (KOHT – iheartradio station in Tucson), Andrew became one of the youngest DJs in the country on Commercial radio.", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ Paz, also known as The Paz Show or Paz the Penguin, is an animated television series that debuted on February 24, 2003 on Discovery Kids and TLC in the United States.", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ It also aired on Treehouse TV in Canada, and on ITV in the United Kingdom.", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ The show was produced by Telescreen BV, Egmont Imagination, King Rollo Films, Open Mind Productions, and Discovery Kids.", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ The series was based on a series of books written and illustrated by Mary Murphy.", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ 1.", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ THE RIGHT MOVES: Pig teaches a dance class with surprising results.", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ Sometimes mistakes are the best part!", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ At first, Pig worries that she is a bad dance teacher.", "I Love Money (season 1) __knowledge__ I Love Money is a reality television game show that aired on VH1.", "I Love Money (season 1) __knowledge__ The show was created by \"The Surreal Life\" executive producers Cris Abrego and Mark Cronin.", "I Love Money (season 1) __knowledge__ The contestants on this series are from the first two seasons of \"Flavor of Love, I Love New York\" and \"Rock of Love\", and are competing in physical and mental challenges in an attempt to win $250,000.", "I Love Money (season 1) __knowledge__ Production started in early February 2008, and concluded in March 2008.", "I Love Money (season 1) __knowledge__ The show premiered on July 6, 2008 and the casting special aired on July 1.", "I Love Money (season 1) __knowledge__ The show is hosted by Craig J. Jackson.", "I Love Money (season 1) __knowledge__ The winner of the competition was Nicole Alexander, also known as Hoopz.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "I Love Money (season 2) __knowledge__ I Love Money 2 or I Love Money (season 2) is the second season of the VH1 reality television series \"I Love Money\", created by Surreal Life executive producers Cris Abrego and Mark Cronin.", "I Love Money (season 2) __knowledge__ The 19 contestants for the second season were drawn from \"I Love New York\", \"Flavor of Love\", \"Rock of Love\", and \"Real Chance of Love\" to compete in physical and mental challenges, aiming for a $250,000 grand prize.", "I Love Money (season 2) __knowledge__ Production began in late October 2008 & wrapped November 2008, and the show premiered on February 2, 2009 with Craig J. Jackson returning to host.", "I Love Money (season 2) __knowledge__ The winner of the competition was Angela Pitts, also known as Myammee.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Various characters appeared in the sitcom \"Friends\", which aired for ten seasons on NBC from 1994 to 2004.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ It featured six main cast members: Rachel Green (Jennifer Aniston), Phoebe Buffay (Lisa Kudrow), Joey Tribbiani (Matt LeBlanc), Chandler Bing (Matthew Perry), Ross Geller (David Schwimmer) and Monica Geller (Courteney Cox).", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Many celebrities guest starred on the series throughout its ten-year run.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ The main cast members were familiar to television viewers before their roles on \"Friends\", but were not considered to be stars.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Series creator David Crane wanted all six characters to be equally prominent, and the series was lauded as being \"the first true 'ensemble' show\".", "Forms of juggling __knowledge__ Juggling practice has developed a wide range of patterns and forms which involve different types of manipulation, different props, numbers of props, and numbers of jugglers.", "Forms of juggling __knowledge__ The forms of juggling shown here are practiced by amateur, non-performing, hobby jugglers as well as by professional jugglers.", "Forms of juggling __knowledge__ The variations of juggling shown here are extensive but not exhaustive as juggling practice develops and creates new patterns on a regular basis.", "Forms of juggling __knowledge__ Jugglers do not consciously isolate their juggling into one of the categories shown; instead most jugglers will practice two or more forms, combining the varieties of juggling practice.", "Juggling ball __knowledge__ Juggling balls, or simply balls, are a popular prop used by jugglers, either on their own—usually in sets of three or more—or in combination with other props such as clubs or rings.", "Juggling ball __knowledge__ A juggling ball refers to any juggling object that is roughly spherical in nature.", "Juggling ball __knowledge__ Beanbags are the most common type of juggling ball.", "Juggling ball __knowledge__ Juggling beanbags are typically constructed with an outer shell made from several pieces of vinyl or microfiber (imitation leather), and filled with millet, birdseed, plastic pellets, sand, crushed rock, ground rubber, or other material designed to give the beanbag bulk.", "Juggling ball __knowledge__ Beanbags come in a variety of colors, the most common being \"beach\" (a combination of 4 panels colored red, yellow, blue and green), white, and other combinations of colors that are easily visible.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ Toss juggling is the form of juggling which is most recognisable as 'juggling'.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ Toss juggling can be used as: a performing art, a sport, a form of exercise, as meditation, a recreational pursuit or hobby.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ In toss juggling, objects — such as balls, bean bags, rings, clubs, etc.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ — are thrown or tossed into the air and caught.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ Toss juggling is a form of object manipulation.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ 'Toss juggling' has a number of basic principles and patterns.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ Most of the more complex patterns are variations of the basic ones and all toss juggling must conform to these basic principles.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ Toss juggling is, according to most sources, the throwing and catching of objects, where there are more objects than there are hands (or sometimes other parts of the body) doing the throwing and catching.", "Juggling ring __knowledge__ Juggling rings, or simply \"rings\", are a popular prop used by jugglers, usually in sets of three or more, or in combination with other props such as balls or clubs.", "Juggling ring __knowledge__ The rings used by jugglers are typically about in diameter and thick.", "Juggling ring __knowledge__ Juggling rings are easier to juggle than clubs, but harder than balls due to size and throwing mechanics.", "Juggling ring __knowledge__ Because of rings' impressive appearance for their level of difficulty, they remain a popular juggling item.", "Juggling ring __knowledge__ When juggled, rings are typically spun about their central axis.", "Juggling ring __knowledge__ The resulting gyroscopic motion of the ring allows it to keep the same orientation after it is thrown.", "Modern juggling culture __knowledge__ Since the late 1980s, a large juggling culture has developed, revolving around local clubs and organizations, special events, shows, magazines, video sharing websites, Internet forums, juggling competitions and juggling conventions.", "Modern juggling culture __knowledge__ Populating the scene are many juggling celebrities who are notable for being good or creative jugglers, entertaining performers, convention organizers, experts in their field, having a strong presence online or just for having an interesting personality, character or style.", "Modern juggling culture __knowledge__ It has developed into a fully formed subculture, with tens of thousands of followers.", "Modern juggling culture __knowledge__ Most cities and large towns have juggling clubs, where anyone is welcome to learn and share skills.", "History of juggling __knowledge__ The art of juggling has existed in various cultures throughout history.", "History of juggling __knowledge__ The beginning is uncertain.", "History of juggling __knowledge__ The first depictions were found in ancient Egypt, China, Greece, and Rome, as well as medieval and modern societies.", "History of juggling __knowledge__ The earliest record of toss juggling is a painting on the wall of Tomb 15 in Egypt's Beni Hasan cemetery complex.", "History of juggling __knowledge__ This tomb belonged to Baqet III, a provincial governor of Menat-Khufu (present day Minya) during the later years of the Eleventh Dynasty of Egypt.", "History of juggling __knowledge__ It depicts female dancers and acrobats juggling up to three balls, and one of the girls is juggling with her arms crossed.", "History of juggling __knowledge__ In another Beni Hasan painting, four girls are playing a juggling game in which two girls throw and catch a ball while being carried on the backs of the others." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Juggling __knowledge__ Juggling is a physical skill, performed by a juggler, involving the manipulation of objects for recreation, entertainment, art or sport.", "Juggling __knowledge__ The most recognizable form of juggling is toss juggling.", "Juggling __knowledge__ Juggling can be the manipulation of one object or many objects at the same time, using one or many hands.", "Juggling __knowledge__ Jugglers often refer to the objects they juggle as props.", "Juggling __knowledge__ The most common props are balls, clubs, or rings.", "Juggling __knowledge__ Some jugglers use more dramatic objects such as knives, fire torches or chainsaws.", "Juggling __knowledge__ The term \"juggling\" can also commonly refer to other prop-based manipulation skills, such as diabolo, devil sticks, poi, cigar boxes, contact juggling, hooping, yo-yo, and hat manipulation.", "Juggling __knowledge__ The words \"juggling\" and \"juggler\" derive from the Middle English \"jogelen\" (\"to entertain by performing tricks\"), which in turn is from the Old French \"jangler\".", "Juggling __knowledge__ There is also the Late Latin form \"joculare\" of Latin \"joculari\", meaning \"to jest\".", "Juggling __knowledge__ Although the etymology of the terms \"juggler\" and \"juggling\" in the sense of manipulating objects for entertainment originates as far back as the 11th century, the current sense of \"to juggle\", meaning \"to continually toss objects in the air and catch them\", originates from the late 19th century.", "Forms of juggling __knowledge__ Juggling practice has developed a wide range of patterns and forms which involve different types of manipulation, different props, numbers of props, and numbers of jugglers.", "Forms of juggling __knowledge__ The forms of juggling shown here are practiced by amateur, non-performing, hobby jugglers as well as by professional jugglers.", "Forms of juggling __knowledge__ The variations of juggling shown here are extensive but not exhaustive as juggling practice develops and creates new patterns on a regular basis.", "Forms of juggling __knowledge__ Jugglers do not consciously isolate their juggling into one of the categories shown; instead most jugglers will practice two or more forms, combining the varieties of juggling practice.", "Theophilus Thistle __knowledge__ Theophilus Thistle is the title of a famous tongue-twister, of which there are multiple versions.", "Theophilus Thistle __knowledge__ One version reads as: While another version reads: This tongue twister was used in a song call Theophilus Thistler by Sonic Animation.", "Theophilus Thistle __knowledge__ Their variation of the tongue twister is as follows: Theophilus Thistler, The thistle sifter, In sifting a seive full of un-sifted thistles, Thrust three thousand thistles through the thick of his thumb, Three thousand thistles.", "Theophilus Thistle __knowledge__ This tongue twister has been included in many tongue twister books and lessons, particularly in helping children and others with speech impediments to correctly pronounce the forward \"th\" and \"s\" sounds.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ Toss juggling is the form of juggling which is most recognisable as 'juggling'.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ Toss juggling can be used as: a performing art, a sport, a form of exercise, as meditation, a recreational pursuit or hobby.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ In toss juggling, objects — such as balls, bean bags, rings, clubs, etc.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ — are thrown or tossed into the air and caught.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ Toss juggling is a form of object manipulation.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ 'Toss juggling' has a number of basic principles and patterns.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ Most of the more complex patterns are variations of the basic ones and all toss juggling must conform to these basic principles.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ Toss juggling is, according to most sources, the throwing and catching of objects, where there are more objects than there are hands (or sometimes other parts of the body) doing the throwing and catching.", "Tongue-twister __knowledge__ A tongue-twister is a phrase that is designed to be difficult to articulate properly, and can be used as a type of spoken (or sung) word game.", "Tongue-twister __knowledge__ Some tongue-twisters produce results that are humorous (or humorously vulgar) when they are mispronounced, while others simply rely on the confusion and mistakes of the speaker for their amusement value.", "Tongue-twister __knowledge__ Tongue-twisters may rely on rapid alternation between similar but distinct phonemes (e.g., \"s\" and \"sh\" ), combining two different alternation patterns, familiar constructs in loanwords, or other features of a spoken language in order to be difficult to articulate.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters from Happy Tree Friends.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ There are 27 main characters, and some other supporting characters.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ To celebrate the 10th anniversary of the series in 2010, the creators of the show announced that there would be one more character added to Happy Tree Friends in the near future.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ The candidates were a sheep/lamb named Lammy and a pig named Truffles.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ The voting took place during the month of March 2010, and the winner was Lammy, who have featured in most of the latest episodes.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ Even though Truffles lost the vote, he still cameos in some episodes.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ Cuddles is a laser yellow male rabbit with pink cheeks, or a blush along with pink bunny slippers.", "Juggling ball __knowledge__ Juggling balls, or simply balls, are a popular prop used by jugglers, either on their own—usually in sets of three or more—or in combination with other props such as clubs or rings.", "Juggling ball __knowledge__ A juggling ball refers to any juggling object that is roughly spherical in nature.", "Juggling ball __knowledge__ Beanbags are the most common type of juggling ball.", "Juggling ball __knowledge__ Juggling beanbags are typically constructed with an outer shell made from several pieces of vinyl or microfiber (imitation leather), and filled with millet, birdseed, plastic pellets, sand, crushed rock, ground rubber, or other material designed to give the beanbag bulk.", "Juggling ball __knowledge__ Beanbags come in a variety of colors, the most common being \"beach\" (a combination of 4 panels colored red, yellow, blue and green), white, and other combinations of colors that are easily visible.", "History of juggling __knowledge__ The art of juggling has existed in various cultures throughout history.", "History of juggling __knowledge__ The beginning is uncertain.", "History of juggling __knowledge__ The first depictions were found in ancient Egypt, China, Greece, and Rome, as well as medieval and modern societies.", "History of juggling __knowledge__ The earliest record of toss juggling is a painting on the wall of Tomb 15 in Egypt's Beni Hasan cemetery complex.", "History of juggling __knowledge__ This tomb belonged to Baqet III, a provincial governor of Menat-Khufu (present day Minya) during the later years of the Eleventh Dynasty of Egypt.", "History of juggling __knowledge__ It depicts female dancers and acrobats juggling up to three balls, and one of the girls is juggling with her arms crossed.", "History of juggling __knowledge__ In another Beni Hasan painting, four girls are playing a juggling game in which two girls throw and catch a ball while being carried on the backs of the others.", "Passing (juggling) __knowledge__ Passing is the act of juggling between two or more people.", "Passing (juggling) __knowledge__ It is most commonly seen as a subset of toss juggling, pass juggling.", "Passing (juggling) __knowledge__ Passing can be performed with three or more juggling props (for examples balls and rings) but is most commonly performed with clubs.", "Passing (juggling) __knowledge__ \"This is the basic part of team juggling and it requires two pretty smooth jugglers.\"", "Passing (juggling) __knowledge__ Jugglers can perform passing one person standing behind the other, back to back, or side by side but the most usual stance is where the jugglers face each other.", "Passing (juggling) __knowledge__ For example, in what may be called \"twin juggling, two jugglers may stand side by side with their inside arms unused and perform a one person juggling pattern, such as the cascade (\"two-person cascade\"), with their outside hands.", "Torch (juggling) __knowledge__ Juggling torches are one of various props used by jugglers.", "Torch (juggling) __knowledge__ Torches are usually commercially made props that are made of wood and/or metal with a wick attached at one end.", "Torch (juggling) __knowledge__ The wick is impregnated with a flammable substance (usually paraffin) and ignited before use.", "Torch (juggling) __knowledge__ The two most common wicks used with juggling torches are: Both materials come in reels of material ranging from 13mm to 180 mm wide and up to 100 m long.", "Torch (juggling) __knowledge__ Around 40–80 cm of wick is wrapped onto each torch.", "Torch (juggling) __knowledge__ In general, it is best to use hard limiting devices, such as nuts and bolts, to hold the wick onto the shaft of the torch.", "Torch (juggling) __knowledge__ The torch is usually constructed around a wooden dowel which runs the length of the torch from the knob (base) to the top." ] ]

[ 5, 51, 6 ]

[ "My hobby is juggling - I sometimes perform at children's parties - I usually juggle balls, clubs, or rings.", "Juggling balls is the easiest to learn and is popular with jugglers - usually in sets of three or more", "Some like to juggle objects such as knives, fire torches or chainsaws!" ]

[ "Juggling", "Juggling", "Juggling" ]

[ "Spice\ndo you enjoy spicy food? my favorite is louisiana hot sauce. ill put that on anything", "are they really? I had no idea!", "that is so interesting..gross, but interesting!", "Ill never look at hot sauce the same way again!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Spice __knowledge__ A spice is a seed, fruit, root, bark, or other plant substance primarily used for flavoring, coloring or preserving food.", "Spice __knowledge__ Spices are distinguished from herbs, which are the leaves, flowers, or stems of plants used for flavoring or as a garnish.", "Spice __knowledge__ Many spices have antimicrobial properties.", "Spice __knowledge__ This may explain why spices are more commonly used in warmer climates, which have more infectious diseases, and why the use of spices is prominent in meat, which is particularly susceptible to spoiling.", "Spice __knowledge__ Spices are sometimes used in medicine, religious rituals, cosmetics or perfume production, or as a vegetable.", "Spice __knowledge__ The spice trade developed throughout South Asia and Middle East by at earliest 2000 BCE with cinnamon and black pepper, and in East Asia with herbs and pepper.", "Spice __knowledge__ The Egyptians used herbs for mummification and their demand for exotic spices and herbs helped stimulate world trade.", "Spice __knowledge__ The word \"spice\" comes from the Old French word \"espice\", which became \"epice\", and which came from the Latin root \"spec\", the noun referring to \"appearance, sort, kind\": \"species\" has the same root.", "Spice __knowledge__ By 1000 BCE, medical systems based upon herbs could be found in China, Korea, and India.", "Spice __knowledge__ Early uses were connected with magic, medicine, religion, tradition, and preservation.", "Louisiana Hot Sauce __knowledge__ Louisiana Hot Sauce is a brand of hot sauce manufactured in New Iberia, Louisiana by The Original Louisiana Hot Sauce Co., which is owned by Southeastern Mills Inc.", "Louisiana Hot Sauce __knowledge__ The product's labeling includes the word \"original\", and it is sometimes referred to as \"Original Louisiana Hot Sauce\" and \"Original Louisiana Brand Hot Sauce.\"", "Louisiana Hot Sauce __knowledge__ It is a common hot sauce in the U.S. state of Louisiana.", "Louisiana Hot Sauce __knowledge__ Bruce Foods was the previous owner and manufacturer of the brand, and sold it to Southeastern Mills Inc. in April 2015.", "Louisiana Hot Sauce __knowledge__ Louisiana Hot Sauce is prepared using aged long cayenne peppers, which undergo the aging process for a minimum of one year.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesian cuisine is one of the most vibrant and colourful cuisines in the world, full of intense flavour.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ It is eclectic and diverse, in part because Indonesia is composed of approximately 6,000 populated islands of the total 17,508 in the world's largest archipelago, with more than 300 ethnic groups calling Indonesia home.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Many regional cuisines exist, often based upon indigenous culture and foreign influences.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia has around 5,350 traditional recipes, with 30 of them considered the most important.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia's cuisine may include rice, noodle and soup dishes in modest local eateries to street-side snacks and top-dollar plates.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Bruce Foods __knowledge__ Bruce Foods Corporation, was founded in New Iberia, Louisiana, in 1928, is one of \"America's largest privately owned food manufacturers,\" manufacturing many food products under five major labels, and is credited with \"pioneering the canning of Mexican food.\"", "Bruce Foods __knowledge__ With four stateside manufacturing plants, the company has more than 1,200 employees.", "Bruce Foods __knowledge__ Among its brands are Bruce Foods manufactures Cajun Injector marinades, Casa Fiesta Mexican Foods, Mexene Chili Products, Cajun King, and Bruce's Sweet Potato Pancake, Muffin & Biscuit Mixes.", "Bruce Foods __knowledge__ As part of its \"Green Initiative\", the company recently updated an building in Wilson, North Carolina, with a renewable energy system designed to recover methane gas, a normal waste by-product that had, until now, been released into the atmosphere.", "Trappey's Hot Sauce __knowledge__ Trappey's Hot Sauce is one of the oldest hot sauce brands in the United States.", "Trappey's Hot Sauce __knowledge__ It was originally produced by the New Iberia, Louisiana-based company Trappey's Fine Foods, Inc. Trappey's was purchased by B&G Foods in 1997.", "Trappey's Hot Sauce __knowledge__ Trappey's makes Red Devil Cayenne Pepper Sauce, Bull Louisiana Hot Sauce, Indi-Pep Pepper Sauce, Chef Magic Jalapeño Sauce, Trappey's Cut Okra, Trappey's Creole Okra Gumbo, Trappey's Cocktail Okra (mild and hot varieties) and pickled jalapeños.", "Trappey's Hot Sauce __knowledge__ The company was founded in 1898, when Louisiana entrepreneur (and former McIlhenny Company employee) B.F. Trappey grew tabasco chilies from Avery Island seed.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ This is a listing of regional variations on the hot dog.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Different areas of the world have local variations on the type of meat used, condiments, and means of preparation, which are enumerated below.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Hot dogs are very popular throughout the United States.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Many regional variations exist.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Hot dogs made with caribou meat added are sold as \"reindeer dogs\" throughout Alaska.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ The Sonoran hot dog is popular in Tucson, Phoenix, and elsewhere in southern Arizona, as well as in the neighboring Mexican state of Sonora.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ It is a hot dog wrapped in mesquite-smoked bacon, cooked on a grill or on a griddle or comal, then topped with pinto beans, onions, tomatoes, mayonnaise, mustard and jalapeño salsa or sauce, and served on a bolillo roll, often with a side of fresh-roasted chili pepper.", "Texas Pete __knowledge__ Texas Pete is a Louisiana-style hot sauce in the United States developed and manufactured by the TW Garner Food Company in Winston-Salem, North Carolina.", "Texas Pete __knowledge__ The brand has 6, 12, and 24 ounce bottles with bright red sauce, flip top, and white and yellow label featuring the name in red and \"Texas Pete,\" a red silhouette cowboy.", "Texas Pete __knowledge__ Texas Pete is fairly mild, registering 747 on the Scoville heat scale.", "Texas Pete __knowledge__ Its auxiliary branded Hotter Hot Sauce is claimed to be three times hotter than original Texas Pete.", "Texas Pete __knowledge__ Texas Pete also makes a sautéed garlic hot sauce.", "Texas Pete __knowledge__ In 2013, Texas Pete introduced the \"Cha!\"", "Texas Pete __knowledge__ Sriracha sauce with the marketing slogan \"Embrace your \"Cha!ddiction.\"" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Spice __knowledge__ A spice is a seed, fruit, root, bark, or other plant substance primarily used for flavoring, coloring or preserving food.", "Spice __knowledge__ Spices are distinguished from herbs, which are the leaves, flowers, or stems of plants used for flavoring or as a garnish.", "Spice __knowledge__ Many spices have antimicrobial properties.", "Spice __knowledge__ This may explain why spices are more commonly used in warmer climates, which have more infectious diseases, and why the use of spices is prominent in meat, which is particularly susceptible to spoiling.", "Spice __knowledge__ Spices are sometimes used in medicine, religious rituals, cosmetics or perfume production, or as a vegetable.", "Spice __knowledge__ The spice trade developed throughout South Asia and Middle East by at earliest 2000 BCE with cinnamon and black pepper, and in East Asia with herbs and pepper.", "Spice __knowledge__ The Egyptians used herbs for mummification and their demand for exotic spices and herbs helped stimulate world trade.", "Spice __knowledge__ The word \"spice\" comes from the Old French word \"espice\", which became \"epice\", and which came from the Latin root \"spec\", the noun referring to \"appearance, sort, kind\": \"species\" has the same root.", "Spice __knowledge__ By 1000 BCE, medical systems based upon herbs could be found in China, Korea, and India.", "Spice __knowledge__ Early uses were connected with magic, medicine, religion, tradition, and preservation.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Value-form __knowledge__ The value-form or form of value () is a concept in Karl Marx's critique of political economy, Marxism and post-Marxism.", "Value-form __knowledge__ It refers to the \"social form\" of a commodity (any product traded in markets) as a symbol of value, which contrasts with its physical features, as a product which can satisfy some human need.", "Value-form __knowledge__ The physical appearance of a commodity is directly observable, but the meaning of its social form is not.", "Value-form __knowledge__ Narrating the paradoxical oddities and metaphysical niceties of ordinary things when they become instruments of trade, Marx seeks to provide a brief morphology of the category of economic value as such - what its substance really is, the forms which this substance takes, and how its magnitude is determined or expressed.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ A Treatise of Human Nature (1738–40) is a book by Scottish philosopher David Hume, considered by many to be Hume's most important work and one of the most influential works in the history of philosophy.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ The \"Treatise\" is a classic statement of philosophical empiricism, skepticism, and naturalism.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ In the introduction Hume presents the idea of placing all science and philosophy on a novel foundation: namely, an empirical investigation into human nature.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ Impressed by Isaac Newton's achievements in the physical sciences, Hume sought to introduce the same experimental method of reasoning into the study of human psychology, with the aim of discovering the \"extent and force of human understanding\".", "Character mask __knowledge__ In Marxist philosophy, a character mask () is a prescribed social role that serves to conceal the contradictions of a social relation or order.", "Character mask __knowledge__ The term was used by Karl Marx in various published writings from the 1840s to the 1860s, and also by Friedrich Engels.", "Character mask __knowledge__ It is related to the classical Greek concepts of mimesis (imitative representation using analogies) and prosopopoeia (impersonation or personification) as well as the Roman concept of persona, but also differs from them (see below).", "Character mask __knowledge__ The notion of character masks has been used by neo-Marxist and non-Marxist sociologists, philosophers and anthropologists to interpret how people relate in societies with a complex division of labour, where people depend on trade to meet many of their needs.", "Doesn't Really Matter __knowledge__ \"Doesn't Really Matter\" is a song recorded by American singer Janet Jackson for to the 2000 film \"\".", "Doesn't Really Matter __knowledge__ The song was released as a single in May 21, 2000, after an unfinished version leaked to radio.", "Doesn't Really Matter __knowledge__ \"Doesn't Really Matter\" is a contemporary R&B and electropop song which speaks about loving a person for who they are and disregarding their physical appearance.", "Doesn't Really Matter __knowledge__ It was based on an incomplete poem Jackson had written, which was later applied to her character in the film.", "Doesn't Really Matter __knowledge__ The song was a contrast from the bleak tone of prior album \"The Velvet Rope\" (1997), returning to a brighter and more contemporary sound.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants Inc. is an American video game developer founded in 1994 by special-effects and computer-animation veterans Sherry McKenna and Lorne Lanning.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The company is primarily known for the incomplete \"Oddworld Quintology\", a series of award-winning video games about the fictional planet of Oddworld and its native creatures.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The series debuted with \"\" in 1997 and continued with \"\" in 2001 but the studio has also developed standalone titles \"\" in 1998 and \"\" in 2005.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants took a break from game development for a time following the release of \"Stranger's Wrath\", even though it had already begun preliminary work on its next Oddworld title, \"The Brutal Ballad of Fangus Klot\".", "Louisiana Hot Sauce __knowledge__ Louisiana Hot Sauce is a brand of hot sauce manufactured in New Iberia, Louisiana by The Original Louisiana Hot Sauce Co., which is owned by Southeastern Mills Inc.", "Louisiana Hot Sauce __knowledge__ The product's labeling includes the word \"original\", and it is sometimes referred to as \"Original Louisiana Hot Sauce\" and \"Original Louisiana Brand Hot Sauce.\"", "Louisiana Hot Sauce __knowledge__ It is a common hot sauce in the U.S. state of Louisiana.", "Louisiana Hot Sauce __knowledge__ Bruce Foods was the previous owner and manufacturer of the brand, and sold it to Southeastern Mills Inc. in April 2015.", "Louisiana Hot Sauce __knowledge__ Louisiana Hot Sauce is prepared using aged long cayenne peppers, which undergo the aging process for a minimum of one year.", "Cayenne pepper __knowledge__ The cayenne pepper is a type of \"Capsicum annuum\".", "Cayenne pepper __knowledge__ It is usually a moderately hot chili pepper used to flavor dishes.", "Cayenne pepper __knowledge__ Cayenne peppers are a group of long, tapering, 10 to 25cm long, generally skinny, mostly red colored peppers, often with a curved tip and somewhat rippled skin, which hang from the bush as opposed to growing upright.", "Cayenne pepper __knowledge__ Most varieties are generally rated at 30,000 to 50,000 Scoville units.", "Cayenne pepper __knowledge__ The fruits are generally dried and ground to make the powdered spice of the same name, although cayenne powder may be a blend of different types of peppers, quite often not containing cayenne peppers, and may or may not contain the seeds.", "Trappey's Hot Sauce __knowledge__ Trappey's Hot Sauce is one of the oldest hot sauce brands in the United States.", "Trappey's Hot Sauce __knowledge__ It was originally produced by the New Iberia, Louisiana-based company Trappey's Fine Foods, Inc. Trappey's was purchased by B&G Foods in 1997.", "Trappey's Hot Sauce __knowledge__ Trappey's makes Red Devil Cayenne Pepper Sauce, Bull Louisiana Hot Sauce, Indi-Pep Pepper Sauce, Chef Magic Jalapeño Sauce, Trappey's Cut Okra, Trappey's Creole Okra Gumbo, Trappey's Cocktail Okra (mild and hot varieties) and pickled jalapeños.", "Trappey's Hot Sauce __knowledge__ The company was founded in 1898, when Louisiana entrepreneur (and former McIlhenny Company employee) B.F. Trappey grew tabasco chilies from Avery Island seed.", "Hot sauce __knowledge__ Hot sauce, also known as chili sauce or pepper sauce, is any condiment, seasoning, or salsa made from chili peppers and other ingredients.", "Hot sauce __knowledge__ Humans have used chili peppers and other hot spices for thousands of years.", "Hot sauce __knowledge__ Inhabitants of Mexico, Central America and South America had chili peppers more than 6,000 years ago.", "Hot sauce __knowledge__ Within decades of contact with Spain and Portugal in the 16th century, the American plant was carried across Europe and into Africa and Asia, and altered through selective breeding.", "Hot sauce __knowledge__ One of the first commercially available bottled hot sauces in America appeared in 1807 in Massachusetts.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Tabasco sauce __knowledge__ Tabasco sauce is a brand of hot sauce made exclusively from tabasco peppers (\"Capsicum frutescens\" var.", "Tabasco sauce __knowledge__ \"tabasco\"), vinegar, and salt.", "Tabasco sauce __knowledge__ It is produced by McIlhenny Company of Avery Island, Louisiana.", "Tabasco sauce __knowledge__ Although the name comes from the Mexican state of Tabasco, the sauce is an American product produced by McIlhenny Company.", "Tabasco sauce __knowledge__ Tabasco sauce was first produced in 1868 by Edmund McIlhenny, a Maryland-born former banker who moved to Louisiana around 1840.", "Tabasco sauce __knowledge__ McIlhenny initially used discarded cologne bottles to distribute his sauce to family and friends.", "Tabasco sauce __knowledge__ In 1868 when he started to sell to the public he ordered thousands of new cologne bottles from a New Orleans glass supplier.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ This is a listing of regional variations on the hot dog.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Different areas of the world have local variations on the type of meat used, condiments, and means of preparation, which are enumerated below.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Hot dogs are very popular throughout the United States.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Many regional variations exist.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Hot dogs made with caribou meat added are sold as \"reindeer dogs\" throughout Alaska.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ The Sonoran hot dog is popular in Tucson, Phoenix, and elsewhere in southern Arizona, as well as in the neighboring Mexican state of Sonora.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ It is a hot dog wrapped in mesquite-smoked bacon, cooked on a grill or on a griddle or comal, then topped with pinto beans, onions, tomatoes, mayonnaise, mustard and jalapeño salsa or sauce, and served on a bolillo roll, often with a side of fresh-roasted chili pepper." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Spice __knowledge__ A spice is a seed, fruit, root, bark, or other plant substance primarily used for flavoring, coloring or preserving food.", "Spice __knowledge__ Spices are distinguished from herbs, which are the leaves, flowers, or stems of plants used for flavoring or as a garnish.", "Spice __knowledge__ Many spices have antimicrobial properties.", "Spice __knowledge__ This may explain why spices are more commonly used in warmer climates, which have more infectious diseases, and why the use of spices is prominent in meat, which is particularly susceptible to spoiling.", "Spice __knowledge__ Spices are sometimes used in medicine, religious rituals, cosmetics or perfume production, or as a vegetable.", "Spice __knowledge__ The spice trade developed throughout South Asia and Middle East by at earliest 2000 BCE with cinnamon and black pepper, and in East Asia with herbs and pepper.", "Spice __knowledge__ The Egyptians used herbs for mummification and their demand for exotic spices and herbs helped stimulate world trade.", "Spice __knowledge__ The word \"spice\" comes from the Old French word \"espice\", which became \"epice\", and which came from the Latin root \"spec\", the noun referring to \"appearance, sort, kind\": \"species\" has the same root.", "Spice __knowledge__ By 1000 BCE, medical systems based upon herbs could be found in China, Korea, and India.", "Spice __knowledge__ Early uses were connected with magic, medicine, religion, tradition, and preservation.", "Yoram Gross __knowledge__ Yoram Jerzy Gross (18 October 192621 September 2015) was a Polish-born Australian producer of children's and family entertainment.", "Yoram Gross __knowledge__ Internationally acclaimed for his films and television series, Gross established a worldwide reputation for the adaptation of children's characters from books and films to animation that won the hearts of children and adults worldwide.", "Yoram Gross __knowledge__ His company is best known for producing the films \"\" and \"Dot and the Kangaroo\".", "Yoram Gross __knowledge__ Gross used his films to convey loyalty, peaceful resolve and good winning over evil.", "Yoram Gross __knowledge__ \"If you watch my films carefully you will see the history of my life\", he said.", "Alan Gross __knowledge__ Alan Phillip Gross (born May 2, 1949) is a United States government contractor employed by United States Agency for International Development (USAID).", "Alan Gross __knowledge__ In December 2009 he was arrested in Cuba while working on a program funded under the 1996 Helms-Burton Act.", "Alan Gross __knowledge__ He was prosecuted in 2011 after being accused of crimes against the Cuban state for bringing satellite and computer equipment to members of Cuba’s Jewish community without the permit required under Cuban law.", "Alan Gross __knowledge__ After being accused of working for American intelligence services in January 2010, he was convicted for “acts against the independence or the territorial integrity of the state\" in March 2011.", "Greg Gross __knowledge__ Gregory Eugene Gross (born August 1, 1952), is a former professional baseball player who played in the Major Leagues from 1973–1989 for the Chicago Cubs, Houston Astros, and Philadelphia Phillies.", "Greg Gross __knowledge__ He was also the hitting coach of the Phillies and is now a coach for the Reno Aces, the Class AAA affiliate of the Arizona Diamondbacks.", "Greg Gross __knowledge__ Gross was best known for his clutch pinch hits as a Phillie, and holds the Phillies career record in pinch hits with 117.", "Greg Gross __knowledge__ He also ranks fifth on Major League Baseball's all-time list in career pinch hits with 143.", "Greg Gross __knowledge__ Born in York, Pennsylvania, Gross graduated from Red Land High School in Lewisberry.", "E11 European long distance path __knowledge__ The E11 European long distance path or E11 path is one of the European long-distance paths, running 2560 km (about 1600 miles) west-east from The Hague in the Netherlands through Germany and Poland to the Lithuanian border.", "E11 European long distance path __knowledge__ It starts in Scheveningen, a fishing community, commercial harbor and spa in The Hague on the Dutch coast of the North Sea.", "E11 European long distance path __knowledge__ As there are no rambling organizations from Lithuania, Latvia or Russia participating in the European Ramblers' Association, it is unlikely that the E11 will be extended to reach Saint Petersburg or Moscow, as was foreseen originally.", "E11 European long distance path __knowledge__ The E11 is one of three European long distance paths running East from the Benelux to Eastern Poland.", "The Dark Knight (film) __knowledge__ The Dark Knight is a 2008 superhero film directed, produced, and co-written by Christopher Nolan.", "The Dark Knight (film) __knowledge__ Featuring the DC Comics character Batman, the film is the second part of Nolan's \"The Dark Knight Trilogy\" and a sequel to 2005's \"Batman Begins\", starring an ensemble cast including Christian Bale, Michael Caine, Heath Ledger, Gary Oldman, Aaron Eckhart, Maggie Gyllenhaal and Morgan Freeman.", "The Dark Knight (film) __knowledge__ In the film, Bruce Wayne/Batman (Bale), Police Lieutenant James Gordon (Oldman) and District Attorney Harvey Dent (Eckhart) form an alliance to dismantle organized crime in Gotham City, but are menaced by a criminal mastermind known as the Joker (Ledger) who seeks to undermine Batman's influence and create chaos.", "48 Hrs. __knowledge__ 48 Hrs.", "48 Hrs. __knowledge__ is a 1982 American action comedy film directed by Walter Hill.", "48 Hrs. __knowledge__ It is Joel Silver's first film as a film producer.", "48 Hrs. __knowledge__ The screenplay was written by Hill, Roger Spottiswoode, Larry Gross, Steven E. de Souza, and Jeb Stuart.", "48 Hrs. __knowledge__ The film stars Nick Nolte and Eddie Murphy (in his film debut and Golden Globe Award-nominated role) as a cop and convict, respectively, who team up to catch two cop-killers, Albert Ganz and Billy Bear, played respectively by James Remar and Sonny Landham.", "48 Hrs. __knowledge__ The title refers to the amount of time they have to solve the crime.", "48 Hrs. __knowledge__ It is often credited as being the first film in the \"buddy cop\" genre, which included the subsequent films \"Beverly Hills Cop\", \"Lethal Weapon\", and \"Rush Hour\".", "Chaim Gross __knowledge__ Chaim Gross (March 17, 1904 – May 5, 1991) was an American sculptor and educator.", "Chaim Gross __knowledge__ Gross was born to a Jewish family in Austrian Galicia, in the village of Wolowa (now known as Mezhgorye, Ukraine), in the Carpathian Mountains.", "Chaim Gross __knowledge__ In 1911, his family moved to Kolomyia (which was annexed into the Ukrainian SSR in 1939 and became part of newly independent Ukraine in 1991).", "Chaim Gross __knowledge__ During World War I, Russian forces invaded Austria-Hungary; amidst the turmoil, the Grosses fled Kolomyia.", "Chaim Gross __knowledge__ They returned when Austria retook the town in 1915, refugees of the war.", "Chaim Gross __knowledge__ When World War I ended, Gross and brother Avrom-Leib went to Budapest to join their older siblings Sarah and Pinkas.", "Effects of global warming on human health __knowledge__ The effects of global warming include its gayon human health.", "Effects of global warming on human health __knowledge__ The observed and projected increased frequency and severity of climate related impacts will further exacerbate the effects on human health.", "Effects of global warming on human health __knowledge__ This article describes some of those effects on individuals and populations.", "Effects of global warming on human health __knowledge__ A good example of the impact of global warming on health can be seen in the disease Erythromelalgia.", "Effects of global warming on human health __knowledge__ This is a vascular disease that is commonly triggered by the involvement of change in temperature, which leads to syndromes including (first and second degree) burning pain, increased temperature, erythema and swelling, of mainly the hands and feet that are affected.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Medieval cuisine includes foods, eating habits, and cooking methods of various European cultures during the Middle Ages, which lasted from the fifth to the fifteenth century.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ During this period, diets and cooking changed less than they did in the early modern period that followed, when those changes helped lay the foundations for modern European cuisine.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Cereals remained the most important staple during the early Middle Ages as rice was introduced late, and the potato was only introduced in 1536, with a much later date for widespread consumption.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Barley, oat and rye were eaten by the poor.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Wheat was for the governing classes.", "Köppen climate classification __knowledge__ Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems.", "Köppen climate classification __knowledge__ It was first published by Russian German climatologist Wladimir Köppen in 1884, with several later modifications by Köppen, notably in 1918 and 1936.", "Köppen climate classification __knowledge__ Later, German climatologist Rudolf Geiger (1954, 1961) collaborated with Köppen on changes to the classification system, which is thus sometimes called the Köppen–Geiger climate classification system.", "Köppen climate classification __knowledge__ The Köppen climate classification system has been further modified, within the Trewartha climate classification system in the middle 1960s (revised in 1980).", "Infection __knowledge__ Infection is the invasion of an organism's body tissues by disease-causing agents, their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to the infectious agents and the toxins they produce.", "Infection __knowledge__ Infectious disease, also known as transmissible disease or communicable disease, is illness resulting from an infection.", "Infection __knowledge__ Infections are caused by infectious agents including viruses, viroids, prions, bacteria, nematodes such as parasitic roundworms and pinworms, arthropods such as ticks, mites, fleas, and lice, fungi such as ringworm, and other macroparasites such as tapeworms and other helminths.", "Infection __knowledge__ Hosts can fight infections using their immune system.", "Urban heat island __knowledge__ An urban heat island (UHI) is an urban area or metropolitan area that is significantly warmer than its surrounding rural areas due to human activities.", "Urban heat island __knowledge__ The temperature difference usually is larger at night than during the day, and is most apparent when winds are weak.", "Urban heat island __knowledge__ UHI is most noticeable during the summer and winter.", "Urban heat island __knowledge__ The main cause of the urban heat island effect is from the modification of land surfaces.", "Urban heat island __knowledge__ Waste heat generated by energy usage is a secondary contributor.", "Urban heat island __knowledge__ As a population center grows, it tends to expand its area and increase its average temperature.", "Urban heat island __knowledge__ The less-used term heat island refers to any area, populated or not, which is consistently hotter than the surrounding area.", "Environmental determinism __knowledge__ Environmental determinism (also known as climatic determinism or geographical determinism) is the study of how the physical environment predisposes societies and states towards particular development trajectories.", "Environmental determinism __knowledge__ Nineteenth century approaches held that climate and terrain largely determined human activity and psychology, and it was associated with institutionalized racism and eugenics.", "Environmental determinism __knowledge__ Many scholars underscore that this approach supported colonialism and eurocentrism, and devalued human agency in non-Western societies.", "Environmental determinism __knowledge__ Jared Diamond, Jeffrey Herbst, and other social scientists sparked a revival of the theory during the late twentieth century." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Spice __knowledge__ A spice is a seed, fruit, root, bark, or other plant substance primarily used for flavoring, coloring or preserving food.", "Spice __knowledge__ Spices are distinguished from herbs, which are the leaves, flowers, or stems of plants used for flavoring or as a garnish.", "Spice __knowledge__ Many spices have antimicrobial properties.", "Spice __knowledge__ This may explain why spices are more commonly used in warmer climates, which have more infectious diseases, and why the use of spices is prominent in meat, which is particularly susceptible to spoiling.", "Spice __knowledge__ Spices are sometimes used in medicine, religious rituals, cosmetics or perfume production, or as a vegetable.", "Spice __knowledge__ The spice trade developed throughout South Asia and Middle East by at earliest 2000 BCE with cinnamon and black pepper, and in East Asia with herbs and pepper.", "Spice __knowledge__ The Egyptians used herbs for mummification and their demand for exotic spices and herbs helped stimulate world trade.", "Spice __knowledge__ The word \"spice\" comes from the Old French word \"espice\", which became \"epice\", and which came from the Latin root \"spec\", the noun referring to \"appearance, sort, kind\": \"species\" has the same root.", "Spice __knowledge__ By 1000 BCE, medical systems based upon herbs could be found in China, Korea, and India.", "Spice __knowledge__ Early uses were connected with magic, medicine, religion, tradition, and preservation.", "Louisiana Hot Sauce __knowledge__ Louisiana Hot Sauce is a brand of hot sauce manufactured in New Iberia, Louisiana by The Original Louisiana Hot Sauce Co., which is owned by Southeastern Mills Inc.", "Louisiana Hot Sauce __knowledge__ The product's labeling includes the word \"original\", and it is sometimes referred to as \"Original Louisiana Hot Sauce\" and \"Original Louisiana Brand Hot Sauce.\"", "Louisiana Hot Sauce __knowledge__ It is a common hot sauce in the U.S. state of Louisiana.", "Louisiana Hot Sauce __knowledge__ Bruce Foods was the previous owner and manufacturer of the brand, and sold it to Southeastern Mills Inc. in April 2015.", "Louisiana Hot Sauce __knowledge__ Louisiana Hot Sauce is prepared using aged long cayenne peppers, which undergo the aging process for a minimum of one year.", "Hot Sauce Committee Part Two __knowledge__ Hot Sauce Committee Part Two is the eighth and final studio album by American hip hop band Beastie Boys, released on April 27, 2011, through Capitol Records.", "Hot Sauce Committee Part Two __knowledge__ The project was originally planned to be released in two parts, with Hot Sauce Committee, Pt.", "Hot Sauce Committee Part Two __knowledge__ 1 originally planned for release in 2009.", "Hot Sauce Committee Part Two __knowledge__ The release was delayed after band member Adam \"MCA\" Yauch was diagnosed with cancer.", "Hot Sauce Committee Part Two __knowledge__ After a two-year delay, only one collection of tracks, \"Part Two\", was released and the plan for a two-part album was eventually abandoned in light of Yauch's death on May 4, 2012.", "Hot Sauce Committee Part Two __knowledge__ The album received critical acclaim upon its release, with critics praising the energetic rapping, experimental production, and disregard for contemporary hip hop trends.", "D'Elidas __knowledge__ D’Elidas is the brand name for a hot sauce produced by Productos D’Elidas S.A in Panama.", "D'Elidas __knowledge__ The D’Elidas original yellow hot sauce is made from the main ingredients \"Aji Chombo\" (Panamanian habanero chili), mustard and vinegar.", "D'Elidas __knowledge__ The recipe behind the D’Elidas original yellow hot sauce dates back to 1904 when it was created by a colony of antillean-Panamanians.", "D'Elidas __knowledge__ For almost 100 years the recipe was inherited through generations until Elida Valdivieso came up with the idea of commercializing her version of the recipe.", "D'Elidas __knowledge__ In April 2002, the D’Elidas hot sauce product and brand was acquired by a group of Panamanian entrepreneurs.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ This is a listing of regional variations on the hot dog.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Different areas of the world have local variations on the type of meat used, condiments, and means of preparation, which are enumerated below.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Hot dogs are very popular throughout the United States.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Many regional variations exist.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Hot dogs made with caribou meat added are sold as \"reindeer dogs\" throughout Alaska.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ The Sonoran hot dog is popular in Tucson, Phoenix, and elsewhere in southern Arizona, as well as in the neighboring Mexican state of Sonora.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ It is a hot dog wrapped in mesquite-smoked bacon, cooked on a grill or on a griddle or comal, then topped with pinto beans, onions, tomatoes, mayonnaise, mustard and jalapeño salsa or sauce, and served on a bolillo roll, often with a side of fresh-roasted chili pepper.", "Beastie Boys __knowledge__ Beastie Boys were an American hip hop group from New York City, formed in 1981.", "Beastie Boys __knowledge__ For the majority of their career, the group consisted of Michael \"Mike D\" Diamond (vocals, drums), Adam \"MCA\" Yauch (vocals, bass) and Adam \"Ad-Rock\" Horovitz (vocals, guitar).", "Beastie Boys __knowledge__ Originally formed as a four-piece hardcore punk band, the Young Aborigines, in 1978 by Diamond (vocals), John Berry (guitar), Yauch (bass) and Kate Schellenbach (drums), the band appeared on the compilation cassette \"New York Thrash\", contributing two songs from their first EP, \"Polly Wog Stew\", in 1982.", "Beastie Boys __knowledge__ Berry left shortly thereafter, and was replaced by Horovitz.", "Hot sauce __knowledge__ Hot sauce, also known as chili sauce or pepper sauce, is any condiment, seasoning, or salsa made from chili peppers and other ingredients.", "Hot sauce __knowledge__ Humans have used chili peppers and other hot spices for thousands of years.", "Hot sauce __knowledge__ Inhabitants of Mexico, Central America and South America had chili peppers more than 6,000 years ago.", "Hot sauce __knowledge__ Within decades of contact with Spain and Portugal in the 16th century, the American plant was carried across Europe and into Africa and Asia, and altered through selective breeding.", "Hot sauce __knowledge__ One of the first commercially available bottled hot sauces in America appeared in 1807 in Massachusetts.", "Redzz __knowledge__ Shakeel Warner (born 1987), better known as Redzz, is an English rapper, record producer, singer, songwriter, actor & DJ.", "Redzz __knowledge__ He first came to fame through a series of independent single releases such as Magic Magic featuring (LZ7) singer Soul Nana, Bad Enough featuring West Coast Hip Hop artists Shade Sheist, TQ & Young Noble of The Outlawz, Kyla, Hot Sauce, Puppet Master featuring Sway, Tables Turn featuring Leddra Chapman & Through The Eyes which went number 1 in The Official International Independent Charts.", "Redzz __knowledge__ All of his singles gained national TV & radio support on stations such as Flava TV, KISS TV, BBC Radio 1, Choice FM, Massive R&B, Sky Sports, Soccer AM, PlayStation, VidZone, Sub TV, Channel AKA as well as acting in Channel 4 and MTV Base series Dubplate Drama playing a gang member.", "Mummy __knowledge__ A mummy is a deceased human or an animal whose skin and organs have been preserved by either intentional or accidental exposure to chemicals, extreme cold, very low humidity, or lack of air, so that the recovered body does not decay further if kept in cool and dry conditions.", "Mummy __knowledge__ Some authorities restrict the use of the term to bodies deliberately embalmed with chemicals, but the use of the word to cover accidentally desiccated bodies goes back to at least 1615 AD (See the section Etymology and meaning).", "Mummy __knowledge__ Mummies of humans and other animals have been found on every continent, both as a result of natural preservation through unusual conditions, and as cultural artifacts.", "Ancient Egypt __knowledge__ Ancient Egypt was a civilization of ancient Northeastern Africa, concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile River in the place that is now the country Egypt.", "Ancient Egypt __knowledge__ It is one of six historic civilizations to arise independently.", "Ancient Egypt __knowledge__ Egyptian civilization followed prehistoric Egypt and coalesced around 3100 BC (according to conventional Egyptian chronology) with the political unification of Upper and Lower Egypt under Menes (often identified with Narmer).", "Ancient Egypt __knowledge__ The history of ancient Egypt occurred as a series of stable kingdoms, separated by periods of relative instability known as Intermediate Periods: the Old Kingdom of the Early Bronze Age, the Middle Kingdom of the Middle Bronze Age and the New Kingdom of the Late Bronze Age.", "Animal mummy __knowledge__ Animal mummification originated in ancient Egypt.", "Animal mummy __knowledge__ They mummified various animals.", "Animal mummy __knowledge__ It was an enormous part of Egyptian culture, not only in their role as food and pets, but also for religious reasons.", "Animal mummy __knowledge__ They were typically mummified for four main purposes—to allow beloved pets to go on to the afterlife, to provide food in the afterlife, to act as offerings to a particular god, and because some were seen as physical manifestations of specific gods that the Egyptians worshipped.", "Animal mummy __knowledge__ Bast, the cat goddess is an example of one such deity.", "Animal mummy __knowledge__ In 1888, an Egyptian farmer digging in the sand near Istabl Antar discovered a mass grave of felines, ancient cats that were mummified and buried in pits at great numbers.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine comprises a wide variety of regional and traditional cuisines native to the Indian subcontinent.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Given the range of diversity in soil type, climate, culture, ethnic groups, and occupations, these cuisines vary substantially from each other and use locally available spices, herbs, vegetables, and fruits.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian food is also heavily influenced by religion, in particular Hindu, and cultural choices and traditions.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Also, Middle Eastern and Central Asian influences have occurred on North Indian cuisine from the years of Mughal rule.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine is still evolving, as a result of the nation's cultural interactions with other societies.", "Trade route __knowledge__ A trade route is a logistical network identified as a series of pathways and stoppages used for the commercial transport of cargo.", "Trade route __knowledge__ The term can also be used to refer to trade over bodies of water.", "Trade route __knowledge__ Allowing goods to reach distant markets, a single trade route contains long distance arteries, which may further be connected to smaller networks of commercial and noncommercial transportation routes.", "Trade route __knowledge__ Among notable trade routes was the Amber Road, which served as a dependable network for long-distance trade.", "Trade route __knowledge__ Maritime trade along the Spice Route became prominent during the Middle Ages, when nations resorted to military means for control of this influential route.", "Ancient Egyptian funerary practices __knowledge__ The ancient Egyptians had an elaborate set of funerary practices that they believed were necessary to ensure their immortality after death (the afterlife).", "Ancient Egyptian funerary practices __knowledge__ These rituals and protocols included mummifying the body, casting magic spells, and burial with specific grave goods thought to be needed in the Egyptian afterlife.", "Ancient Egyptian funerary practices __knowledge__ The ancient Egyptian burial process evolved over time as old customs were discarded and new ones adopted, but several important elements of the process persisted.", "Ancient Egyptian funerary practices __knowledge__ Though specific details changed over time, the preparation of the body, the magic rituals, and grave goods were all essential parts of a proper Egyptian funeral." ] ]

[ 15, 4, 7, 5 ]

[ "Oh yeah! Louisiana Hot Sauce is awesome! I recently read that the cayenne peppers used for their sauce are aged for an entire year!", "Yes! I also read that spices are more commonly used in warmer climates. It's kind of gross why. Warmer climates usually have more infectious diseases and spices helps prevent meat from spoiling.", "The Egyptians even used spices for mummification! Their demand for spices help stimulate trade across the world.", "Haha! Sorry! Maybe it will help to know that spices are also used in religious rituals and in medicines?" ]

[ "Spice", "Spice", "Spice", "Spice" ]

[ "Mermaid", "Do you know of any ancient stories about mermaids?", "They may have been drinking rum when they mistook a manatee for a mermaid." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mermaid __knowledge__ A mermaid is a legendary aquatic creature with the head and upper body of a female human and the tail of a fish.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ Mermaids appear in the folklore of many cultures worldwide, including the Near East, Europe, Africa and Asia.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ The first stories appeared in ancient Assyria, in which the goddess Atargatis transformed herself into a mermaid out of shame for accidentally killing her human lover.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ Mermaids are sometimes associated with perilous events such as floods, storms, shipwrecks and drownings.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ In other folk traditions (or sometimes within the same tradition), they can be benevolent or beneficent, bestowing boons or falling in love with humans.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ The male equivalent of the mermaid is the merman, also a familiar figure in folklore and heraldry.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ Although traditions about and sightings of mermen are less common than those of mermaids, they are generally assumed to co-exist with their female counterparts.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ Some of the attributes of mermaids may have been influenced by the Sirens of Greek mythology.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ Historical accounts of mermaids, such as those reported by Christopher Columbus during his exploration of the Caribbean, may have been inspired by manatees and similar aquatic mammals.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ While there is no evidence that mermaids exist outside folklore, reports of mermaid sightings continue to the present day, including 21st century examples from Israel and Zimbabwe." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mermaid __knowledge__ A mermaid is a legendary aquatic creature with the head and upper body of a female human and the tail of a fish.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ Mermaids appear in the folklore of many cultures worldwide, including the Near East, Europe, Africa and Asia.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ The first stories appeared in ancient Assyria, in which the goddess Atargatis transformed herself into a mermaid out of shame for accidentally killing her human lover.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ Mermaids are sometimes associated with perilous events such as floods, storms, shipwrecks and drownings.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ In other folk traditions (or sometimes within the same tradition), they can be benevolent or beneficent, bestowing boons or falling in love with humans.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ The male equivalent of the mermaid is the merman, also a familiar figure in folklore and heraldry.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ Although traditions about and sightings of mermen are less common than those of mermaids, they are generally assumed to co-exist with their female counterparts.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ Some of the attributes of mermaids may have been influenced by the Sirens of Greek mythology.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ Historical accounts of mermaids, such as those reported by Christopher Columbus during his exploration of the Caribbean, may have been inspired by manatees and similar aquatic mammals.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ While there is no evidence that mermaids exist outside folklore, reports of mermaid sightings continue to the present day, including 21st century examples from Israel and Zimbabwe.", "Mermaiding __knowledge__ Mermaiding (also referred to as artistic mermaiding, mermaidry, or artistic mermaid performance) is the practice of wearing, and often swimming in a costume mermaid tail.", "Mermaiding __knowledge__ It is hard to pinpoint exactly where the term mermaiding was coined, however there were some of the first professional freelance mermaids appearing on the world scene around 2004 like Hannah Mermaid and Mahina Mermaid and Mermaid Linden in 2005 who were all playing with the term.", "Mermaiding __knowledge__ A little later on, the term was brought to a wider use and community by Iona the Mermaid, co-founder of MerNetwork.com.", "Mermaiding __knowledge__ In the beginning of the twentieth century mermaiding was sometimes referred to as water ballet, but it is not currently a term that is used much.", "LGBT themes in mythology __knowledge__ LGBT themes in mythology occur in mythologies and religious narratives that include stories of romantic affection or sexuality between figures of the same sex or that feature divine actions that result in changes in gender.", "LGBT themes in mythology __knowledge__ These myths have been interpreted as forms of LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender) expression, and modern conceptions of sexuality and gender have been applied to them.", "LGBT themes in mythology __knowledge__ Many mythologies ascribe homosexuality and gender fluidity in humans to the action of gods or of other supernatural interventions.", "LGBT themes in mythology __knowledge__ The presence of LGBT themes in Western mythologies has become the subject of intense study.", "Michael Dweck __knowledge__ Michael Dweck (born September 26, 1957) is an American visual artist and filmmaker.", "Michael Dweck __knowledge__ Best known for his narrative photography, Dweck's work \"explores ongoing struggles between identity and adaptation in endangered societal enclaves.\"", "Michael Dweck __knowledge__ In 2003, he became the first living photographer to have a solo exhibition at Sotheby's, and in 2012 was the first American photographer to exhibit his work in Cuba since the beginning of the United States embargo in 1960.", "Michael Dweck __knowledge__ He lives and works in New York City and in Montauk, New York.", "Michael Dweck __knowledge__ Born in 1957 in Brooklyn, Dweck grew up in Bellmore, Long Island, attending John F. Kennedy High School and then Brooklyn's Pratt Institute to study architecture, communication and fine arts.", "Neverland __knowledge__ Neverland is a fictional location featured in the works of J. M. Barrie and those based on them.", "Neverland __knowledge__ It is an imaginary faraway place, where Peter Pan, Tinker Bell, the Lost Boys and other mythical creatures and beings live.", "Neverland __knowledge__ Although not all people who come to Neverland cease to age, its best known resident famously refused to grow up.", "Neverland __knowledge__ The term is often used as a metaphor for eternal childhood (and childishness), immortality, and escapism.", "Neverland __knowledge__ The concept was first introduced as \"the Never Never Land\" in the theatre play \"Peter Pan, or The Boy Who Wouldn't Grow Up\" by Scottish writer J. M. Barrie, first staged in 1904.", "Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides __knowledge__ Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides is a 2011 American fantasy swashbuckler film, the fourth installment in the \"Pirates of the Caribbean\" film series and the sequel to \"\" (2007).", "Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides __knowledge__ It is the first film in the series not to be directed by Gore Verbinski, being replaced by Rob Marshall.", "Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides __knowledge__ Jerry Bruckheimer again served as producer.", "Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides __knowledge__ The film is technically a stand-alone sequel to the previous installments.", "Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides __knowledge__ In the film, which draws its plot loosely from the novel \"On Stranger Tides\" by Tim Powers, Captain Jack Sparrow (Johnny Depp) is joined by Angelica (Penélope Cruz) in his search for the Fountain of Youth, confronting the infamous pirate Blackbeard (Ian McShane).", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ This list comprises the items featured in the American fantasy-drama television series \"Once Upon a Time\" and its spin-off \"Once Upon a Time in Wonderland\".", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ The Aging Dust is causes the victim to age.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ The amount of aging depends on the amount of dust used.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ Emma put some in the onion rings she gave Zelena, to accelerate her pregnancy.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ She wanted baby Robin out of the way so she could put the Darkness into Zelena and then kill her with Excalibur.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ Mr. Gold owns some as well as he used it to temporarily age a fairy that he and the Evil Queen chased and captured into an old woman.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ Regina was mentioned to have found a way to restore the fairy back to her rightful age.", "Manatee __knowledge__ Manatees (family Trichechidae, genus Trichechus) are large, fully aquatic, mostly herbivorous marine mammals sometimes known as sea cows.", "Manatee __knowledge__ There are three accepted living species of Trichechidae, representing three of the four living species in the order Sirenia: the Amazonian manatee (\"Trichechus inunguis\"), the West Indian manatee (\"Trichechus manatus\"), and the West African manatee (\"Trichechus senegalensis\").", "Manatee __knowledge__ They measure up to long, weigh as much as , and have paddle-like flippers.", "Manatee __knowledge__ The etymology of the name is dubious, with connections having been made to Latin \"manus\" (hand), and to a word sometimes cited as \"manati\" used by the Taíno, a pre-Columbian people of the Caribbean, meaning \"breast\".", "Merrow __knowledge__ Merrow (from Irish ', Middle Irish ' or \"\") is a mermaid or merman in Irish folklore.", "Merrow __knowledge__ The term is of Irish-English origin.", "Merrow __knowledge__ The word appears in two tales set in Ireland published in the 19th century: \"Lady of Gollerus\", where a green-haired merrow weds a local Kerry man who deprives her of the \"magical cap\" (\"\"); and \"The Soul Cages\" where a green-bodied grotesque male merrow entertains a fisherman at his home under the sea.", "Merrow __knowledge__ These tales with commentary were first published in T. C. Croker's \"Fairy Legends\" (1828).", "Merrow __knowledge__ William Butler Yeats and others writing on the subject borrowed heavily from this work.", "Mako: Island of Secrets __knowledge__ Mako: Island of Secrets is an Australian television programme for children and teenagers.", "Mako: Island of Secrets __knowledge__ Internationally released as Mako Mermaids, the show is a spin-off of \"\" and is produced by Jonathan M. Shiff in association with Network Ten and Nickelodeon.", "Mako: Island of Secrets __knowledge__ The series follows Zac, a teenage boy who turns into a merman after accidentally falling into a magical pool of water on the fictional island of Mako.", "Mako: Island of Secrets __knowledge__ Zac is a teenage boy who decides to camp on Mako Island, unaware that three mermaids, Sirena, Nixie, and Lyla, who are guardians of the island, are watching him.", "Mako: Island of Secrets __knowledge__ That night, when the full moon rises, the boy comes into contact with the magic water of the Moon Pool.", "The Lure (2015 film) __knowledge__ The Lure ( – \"The Daughters of Dance Party\") is a 2015 Polish horror musical film directed by Agnieszka Smoczyńska.", "The Lure (2015 film) __knowledge__ It tells of two mermaids who emerge from the waters and perform in a nightclub.", "The Lure (2015 film) __knowledge__ One falls in love with a man, and gives up her tail, but loses her voice in the process.", "The Lure (2015 film) __knowledge__ The story is a reworking of \"The Little Mermaid\" by Hans Christian Andersen, with inspiration from Smoczyńska's experiences.", "The Lure (2015 film) __knowledge__ After a Polish premiere, the film screened at the 2016 Sundance Film Festival and Fantasia Film Festival, to mixed reviews.", "The Lure (2015 film) __knowledge__ Some time in the 1980s, two mermaids, Golden and Silver, encounter a rock band, Figs n' Dates, relaxing and playing music on a beach in Poland." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mermaid __knowledge__ A mermaid is a legendary aquatic creature with the head and upper body of a female human and the tail of a fish.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ Mermaids appear in the folklore of many cultures worldwide, including the Near East, Europe, Africa and Asia.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ The first stories appeared in ancient Assyria, in which the goddess Atargatis transformed herself into a mermaid out of shame for accidentally killing her human lover.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ Mermaids are sometimes associated with perilous events such as floods, storms, shipwrecks and drownings.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ In other folk traditions (or sometimes within the same tradition), they can be benevolent or beneficent, bestowing boons or falling in love with humans.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ The male equivalent of the mermaid is the merman, also a familiar figure in folklore and heraldry.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ Although traditions about and sightings of mermen are less common than those of mermaids, they are generally assumed to co-exist with their female counterparts.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ Some of the attributes of mermaids may have been influenced by the Sirens of Greek mythology.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ Historical accounts of mermaids, such as those reported by Christopher Columbus during his exploration of the Caribbean, may have been inspired by manatees and similar aquatic mammals.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ While there is no evidence that mermaids exist outside folklore, reports of mermaid sightings continue to the present day, including 21st century examples from Israel and Zimbabwe.", "Minor characters in Monkey Island __knowledge__ The minor fictional characters in Monkey Island are fictional characters who appear in the \"Monkey Island\" series of adventure games by LucasArts.", "Minor characters in Monkey Island __knowledge__ Monkey Island games also feature their own array of unseen characters.", "Minor characters in Monkey Island __knowledge__ Bob is seemingly LeChuck's right hand man in \"The Secret of Monkey Island\".", "Minor characters in Monkey Island __knowledge__ He warns LeChuck of Guybrush Threepwood's arrival on Melee Island and discusses Guybrush's progress with LeChuck throughout the game.", "Minor characters in Monkey Island __knowledge__ Bob's head often comes loose from his body and is often seen bouncing around like a hackysack.", "Minor characters in Monkey Island __knowledge__ At the end of the first Monkey Island game, Guybrush finally encounters Bob, who had been left behind by the Ghost Pirate ship after his head had fallen into the surrounding lava.", "African manatee __knowledge__ The African manatee (\"Trichechus senegalensis\"), also known as the West African manatee or sea cow, is a species of manatee that is mostly herbivorous.", "African manatee __knowledge__ African manatees inhabit much of the western region of Africa – from Senegal to Angola.", "African manatee __knowledge__ Although scientists do not know a great deal about this species, they hypothesize that the African manatee is very similar to the West Indian manatee (\"Trichechus manatus\").", "African manatee __knowledge__ The African manatee was officially declared a species under the \"Trichechus senegalensis\" taxon in 1795 by naturalist Johann Heinrich Friedrich Link.", "African manatee __knowledge__ No subspecies of this taxon are known.", "West Indian manatee __knowledge__ The West Indian manatee (\"Trichechus manatus\") or \"sea cow\" is a manatee, and the largest surviving member of the aquatic mammal order Sirenia (which also includes the dugong and the extinct Steller's sea cow).", "West Indian manatee __knowledge__ The West Indian manatee is a species distinct from the Amazonian manatee (\"T. inunguis\") and the African manatee (\"T. senegalensis\").", "West Indian manatee __knowledge__ Based on genetic and morphological studies, the West Indian manatee is divided into two subspecies, the Florida manatee (\"T. m. latirostris\") and the Antillean or Caribbean manatee (\"T. m. manatus\").", "West Indian manatee __knowledge__ However, recent genetic (mtDNA) research suggests that the West Indian manatee actually consists of three groups, which are more or less geographically distributed as: (1) Florida and the Greater Antilles; (2) Mexico, Central America and northern South America; and (3) northeastern South America.", "Manatee __knowledge__ Manatees (family Trichechidae, genus Trichechus) are large, fully aquatic, mostly herbivorous marine mammals sometimes known as sea cows.", "Manatee __knowledge__ There are three accepted living species of Trichechidae, representing three of the four living species in the order Sirenia: the Amazonian manatee (\"Trichechus inunguis\"), the West Indian manatee (\"Trichechus manatus\"), and the West African manatee (\"Trichechus senegalensis\").", "Manatee __knowledge__ They measure up to long, weigh as much as , and have paddle-like flippers.", "Manatee __knowledge__ The etymology of the name is dubious, with connections having been made to Latin \"manus\" (hand), and to a word sometimes cited as \"manati\" used by the Taíno, a pre-Columbian people of the Caribbean, meaning \"breast\".", "Rum __knowledge__ Rum is a distilled alcoholic beverage made from sugarcane byproducts, such as molasses or honeys, or directly from sugarcane juice, by a process of fermentation and distillation.", "Rum __knowledge__ The distillate, a clear liquid, is then usually aged in oak barrels.", "Rum __knowledge__ The majority of the world's rum production occurs in the Caribbean and Latin America.", "Rum __knowledge__ Rum is also produced in Scotland, Austria, Spain, Australia, New Zealand, Fiji, the Philippines, Reunion Island, Mauritius, South Africa, Taiwan, Thailand, Japan, the United States, Canada, India, and Nepal.", "Rum __knowledge__ Rums are produced in various grades.", "Rum __knowledge__ Light rums are commonly used in cocktails, whereas \"golden\" and \"dark\" rums were typically consumed straight or neat, on the rocks, or used for cooking, but are now commonly consumed with mixers.", "Manatee County, Florida __knowledge__ Manatee County is a county in the U.S. state of Florida.", "Manatee County, Florida __knowledge__ As of the 2010 census, the population was 322,833.", "Manatee County, Florida __knowledge__ Its county seat and largest city is Bradenton.", "Manatee County, Florida __knowledge__ The county was created in 1855.", "Manatee County, Florida __knowledge__ It was named for the Florida manatee (commonly called a “sea cow” and distantly related to the elephant), which is endangered and Florida’s official marine mammal.", "Manatee County, Florida __knowledge__ Manatee County is included in the North Port-Sarasota-Bradenton, FL Metropolitan Statistical Area.", "Manatee County, Florida __knowledge__ Features of Manatee County include access to the Southern part of Tampa Bay, the Sunshine Skyway Bridge, and the Manatee River.", "Manatee County, Florida __knowledge__ Rowing facilities are being developed in the area and the Upper Manatee River Canoe Trail has been created.", "Beenie Man __knowledge__ Anthony Moses Davis (born 22 August 1973), better known by his stage name Beenie Man, is a Jamaican reggae and dancehall singer.", "Beenie Man __knowledge__ He is referred to as the world's \"King of Dancehall\".", "Beenie Man __knowledge__ Davis was born in the Waterhouse district of Kingston in 1973.", "Beenie Man __knowledge__ He was involved in the music industry from a young age, starting toasting at the age of five, and was encouraged by his uncle Sydney Knowles, who played drums for Jimmy Cliff.", "Beenie Man __knowledge__ He won the Tastee Talent contest in 1981, and Radio DJ Barry G introduced him to local sound system operators, who helped to establish the popularity of the young deejay, who became known as Beenie Man.", "Sailors' superstitions __knowledge__ Sailors' superstitions have been superstitions particular to sailors or mariners, and which traditionally have been common around the world.", "Sailors' superstitions __knowledge__ Some of these beliefs are popular superstitions, while others are actually better described as traditions, stories, folklore, tropes, myths, or legend.", "Sailors' superstitions __knowledge__ The origins of many of these superstitions are based in the inherent risks of sailing, and luck, either good or bad, as well as portents and omens that would be given associative meaning in relation to the life of a mariner, sailor, fisherman or a crew in general.", "Sailors' superstitions __knowledge__ Even into the 21st century, \"fishers and related fishing workers\" still have amongst the most dangerous jobs, with the second highest rate of mortality only after loggers.", "Korean New Year __knowledge__ Korean New Year (, also known as: \"Wondan\" (원단; ), \"Wonil\" (원일; ), \"Shinwon\" (신원; )) is the first day of the Korean lunar calendar.", "Korean New Year __knowledge__ It is one of the most significant traditional Korean holidays.", "Korean New Year __knowledge__ The celebration lasts three days: the day before Korean New Year day, Korean New Year day itself, and the day after Korean New Year day.", "Korean New Year __knowledge__ \"Seollal\" generally refers to \"Eumnyeok Seollal\" (음력 설날, lunar new year), also known as \"Gujeong\" ().", "Korean New Year __knowledge__ \"Seollal\" may also refer to \"Yangnyeok Seollal\" (양력 설날, solar new year), also known as \"Shinjeong\" ().", "Korean New Year __knowledge__ Korean New Year generally falls on the day of the second new moon after winter solstice, unless there is a very rare intercalary eleventh or twelfth month in the lead-up to the New Year.", "Chinese New Year __knowledge__ Chinese New Year, also known as the Spring Festival () in modern China, or simply the Lunar New Year, is an important Chinese festival celebrated at the turn of the traditional lunisolar Chinese calendar.", "Chinese New Year __knowledge__ Celebrations traditionally run from the evening preceding the first day, to the Lantern Festival on the 15th day of the first calendar month.", "Chinese New Year __knowledge__ The first day of the New Year falls on the new moon between 21 Jan and 20 Feb.", "Chinese New Year __knowledge__ In 2017, the first day of the Lunar New Year was on Saturday, 28 January, initiating the year of the Rooster.", "Chinese New Year __knowledge__ The upcoming year of the Dog commences on Friday, 16 February 2018.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "Black Cat (comics) __knowledge__ The Black Cat (Felicia Hardy) is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Black Cat (comics) __knowledge__ Throughout her history, Black Cat has been an enemy, love interest, and ally of the superhero Spider-Man.", "Black Cat (comics) __knowledge__ Created by writer Marv Wolfman and artist Dave Cockrum, she first appeared in \"The Amazing Spider-Man\" #194 (July 1979).", "Black Cat (comics) __knowledge__ Felicia Hardy is the daughter of Walter Hardy, a world-renowned cat burglar.", "Black Cat (comics) __knowledge__ After suffering a traumatic experience as a college freshman, she trained herself in various fighting styles and acrobatics and, after deciding to follow in her father's footsteps, adopted the costumed identity of the Black Cat.", "Ariel (Disney) __knowledge__ Ariel is a fictional character and the title character of Walt Disney Pictures' 28th animated film \"The Little Mermaid\" (1989).", "Ariel (Disney) __knowledge__ She subsequently appears in the film's prequel television series (1992—1994), direct-to-video sequel \"\" (2000), and direct-to-video prequel \"\" (2008).", "Ariel (Disney) __knowledge__ Ariel is voiced by Jodi Benson in all official animated appearances and merchandise.", "Ariel (Disney) __knowledge__ She is fourth in the Disney Princess lineup, the first nonhuman princess, and the only princess to become a mother to her own child.", "Ariel (Disney) __knowledge__ Ariel has a distinctive appearance, with her long, flowing, bright red hair, blue eyes, green mermaid tail and purple seashell bikini top." ] ]

[ 2, 4, 31 ]

[ "Mermaids are from folklore. Tales of the sea. People thought they were seeing mermaids, but they were really manatees. Mermaids must have been total gugoos.", "Sailers thought they were bad luck. Other than \"I saw a mermaid one time,\" I don't think there are a lot of specific stories.", "Rum is aged in oak barrels. Reminds me of bourbon, which I like a lot. Maybee too much. Whoa, look out for this guy, am I right?" ]

[ "Mermaid", "Mermaid", "Mermaid" ]

[ "Yo Gotti\nDo you like the rapper Yo Gotti? He has mny collabs with my favorte rapper, Meek Mill", "That is not what I expected his name to be, that is funny to me, he is also pretty old, 37 years old, wow", "Oh wow I thought he was a recent rapper, that is really surprising, since Meek is so yougn in comparison", "That may be why, I did not know he changed his name, that is almost always a bad move!", "that explains that, 1996 was 22 years ago! that is crazy to think about. He started young, good for him, to rise to fame after all that hard work!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ Mario Mims (born May 19, 1981), better known by his stage name Yo Gotti, is an American rapper.", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ In 1996, Gotti released his debut album \"Youngsta's On a Come Up\" under the alias Lil Yo.", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ He went to release \"From Da Dope Game 2 Da Rap Game\" (2000), \"Self-Explanatory\" (2001), \"Life\" (2003), \"Back 2 da Basics\" (2006), \"Live from the Kitchen\" (2012), \"I Am\" (2013) and \"The Art of Hustle\" (2016).", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ Mims grew up in Ridgecrest Apartments of Frayser, Memphis.", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ He began his music career around the age of 14, rapping as Lil Yo, affiliated with DJ Sound and his crew.", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ Between 2000 and 2006, Yo Gotti released a string of independent albums: \"From Da Dope Game 2 Da Rap Game\" (2000), \"Self-Explanatory\" (2001), \"Life\" (2003), and \"Back 2 da Basics\" (2006).", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ After several delays, Yo Gotti released his major label debut studio album \"Live From The Kitchen\" on January 10, 2012.", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ The album's original first single was titled \"5 Star\" and it was released on May 20, 2009.", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ The single peaked at 79 on the Hot 100, 19 on U.S R&B and 11 on U.S Rap.", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ \"Women Lie, Men Lie\" featuring Lil Wayne the album's second single was released on December 11, 2009.", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ The song peaked at 81 on 100, 22 on the U.S R&B and 12 on the U.S Rap.", "Meek Mill __knowledge__ Robert Rihmeek Williams (born May 6, 1987), known professionally as Meek Mill, is an American rapper and songwriter.", "Meek Mill __knowledge__ Raised in Philadelphia, he embarked on his music career as a battle rapper, and later formed a short-lived rap group, The Bloodhoundz.", "Meek Mill __knowledge__ In 2008, Atlanta-based rapper T.I.", "Meek Mill __knowledge__ signed Meek Mill to his first record deal.", "Meek Mill __knowledge__ In February 2011, after leaving Grand Hustle Records, Mill signed with Miami-based rapper Rick Ross's Maybach Music Group (MMG).", "Meek Mill __knowledge__ Mill's debut album, \"Dreams and Nightmares\", was released in 2012 under MMG and Warner Bros. Records.", "Meek Mill __knowledge__ The album, preceded by the single \"Young & Gettin' It\", debuted at number two on the U.S. \"Billboard\" 200.", "Jahlil Beats __knowledge__ Orlando Tucker (born February 8, 1988) in Chester, Pennsylvania is better known by his stage name Jahlil Beats, is an American hip hop record producer and songwriter.", "Jahlil Beats __knowledge__ He is currently signed to Jay Z's Roc Nation.", "Jahlil Beats __knowledge__ He has produced for artists such as Jay-Z, Diddy, Lil Wayne, Fabolous, Meek Mill, Chris Brown, Tyga, Rick Ross, LFAM Madrid, Bobby Shmurda, T.I., Don Trip, and 50 Cent among others.", "Jahlil Beats __knowledge__ He is best known for producing Meek Mill's \"Ima Boss\" and \"Burn\", and Lloyd Banks' \"Jackpot\", which was more famously sampled by Bobby Shmurda as the beat for Bobby's hit single \"Hot Nigga\".", "Jahlil Beats __knowledge__ Jahlil Beats was born in Chester, Pennsylvania.", "Wins &amp; Losses __knowledge__ Wins & Losses is the third studio album by American rapper Meek Mill.", "Wins &amp; Losses __knowledge__ The album was released on July 21, 2017, by Maybach Music Group and Atlantic Records Group.", "Wins &amp; Losses __knowledge__ It is the follow-up to Meek Mill's second album \"Dreams Worth More Than Money\" (2015) and his \"Meekend Music\" EP series.", "Wins &amp; Losses __knowledge__ It includes guest appearances from Rick Ross, Future, Quavo, Young Thug, Lil Uzi Vert, Chris Brown, Ty Dolla Sign, Yo Gotti and The-Dream, among others.", "Wins &amp; Losses __knowledge__ Production derives from Meek Mill's first signed Dreamchaser producer Papamitrou, Streetrunner, DJ Mustard, Street Symphony, Wheezy, Maaly Raw, Dougie, and Honorable C.N.O.T.E.. \"Wins and Losses\" received generally favorable reviews and debuted at number three on the \"Billboard\" 200 with 102,000 album-equivalent units, of which 37,000 were pure album sales.", "Snootie Wild __knowledge__ LePreston Porter, (born April 23, 1985) better known by his stage name Snootie Wild, is an American singer.", "Snootie Wild __knowledge__ He is best known for his debut single \"Yayo\", the success of which helped launch his career.", "Snootie Wild __knowledge__ The song charted in the \"Billboard\" Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.", "Snootie Wild __knowledge__ In October 2013, it was announced fellow Memphis-based rapper Yo Gotti had signed Wild to his Collective Music Group (CMG) imprint.", "Snootie Wild __knowledge__ In September 2014, Wild released his debut extended play, \"Go Mode\".", "Snootie Wild __knowledge__ The EP's second single, \"Made Me\", peaked at number 93 on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart, becoming the highest charting single of his career.", "I Am (Yo Gotti album) __knowledge__ I Am is the seventh studio album by American hip hop recording artist Yo Gotti.", "I Am (Yo Gotti album) __knowledge__ The album was released on November 19, 2013, by Epic and CMG.", "I Am (Yo Gotti album) __knowledge__ The album features guest appearances from T.I., Ne-Yo, Wale, Rich Homie Quan, J. Cole, Jeezy, Meek Mill, and YG, among others.", "I Am (Yo Gotti album) __knowledge__ The album was supported by the singles \"Act Right\" featuring YG and Jeezy, \"King Shit\" featuring T.I., \"Cold Blood\" featuring J. Cole and Canei Finch, and \"I Know\" featuring Rich Homie Quan.", "I Am (Yo Gotti album) __knowledge__ The first and fourth singles were later certified gold by the RIAA.", "I Am (Yo Gotti album) __knowledge__ On May 28, 2013, Yo Gotti announced that his sixth studio album would be titled \"I Am\".", "Self Made Vol. 3 __knowledge__ Self Made Vol.", "Self Made Vol. 3 __knowledge__ 3 is the third compilation album by the American record label Maybach Music Group.", "Self Made Vol. 3 __knowledge__ The album was released on September 17, 2013, by Maybach Music Group and Atlantic Records.", "Self Made Vol. 3 __knowledge__ Like the two previous albums in the \"Self Made\" series, the album features contributions from members signed to the MMG label including Rick Ross, Meek Mill, Wale, Stalley, French Montana, Omarion and Rockie Fresh along with Gunplay, Young Breed and Torch of Triple C's.", "Self Made Vol. 3 __knowledge__ The album features additional guest appearances from Yo Gotti, Lil Boosie, Birdman, J. Cole, Fabolous, Pusha T, Hit-Boy, and Lupe Fiasco among others.", "Rake It Up __knowledge__ \"Rake It Up\" is a song recorded by American rapper Yo Gotti from his collaborative mixtape with record producer Mike WiLL Made-It titled \"Gotti Made-It\" (2017), featuring vocals by American rapper Nicki Minaj.", "Rake It Up __knowledge__ The song also serves as the lead single from Gotti's ninth studio album, \"I Still Am\".", "Rake It Up __knowledge__ Produced by Mike WiLL Made-It and 30 Roc, the song was released on June 1, 2017.", "Rake It Up __knowledge__ The song's music video premiered August 21 on Tidal, and was subsequently released on YouTube on August 26.", "Rake It Up __knowledge__ The song peaked at number eight on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100, making it Yo Gotti's first top 10 entry and most successful single to date.The song samples Too Short's Freaky Tales." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ Mario Mims (born May 19, 1981), better known by his stage name Yo Gotti, is an American rapper.", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ In 1996, Gotti released his debut album \"Youngsta's On a Come Up\" under the alias Lil Yo.", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ He went to release \"From Da Dope Game 2 Da Rap Game\" (2000), \"Self-Explanatory\" (2001), \"Life\" (2003), \"Back 2 da Basics\" (2006), \"Live from the Kitchen\" (2012), \"I Am\" (2013) and \"The Art of Hustle\" (2016).", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ Mims grew up in Ridgecrest Apartments of Frayser, Memphis.", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ He began his music career around the age of 14, rapping as Lil Yo, affiliated with DJ Sound and his crew.", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ Between 2000 and 2006, Yo Gotti released a string of independent albums: \"From Da Dope Game 2 Da Rap Game\" (2000), \"Self-Explanatory\" (2001), \"Life\" (2003), and \"Back 2 da Basics\" (2006).", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ After several delays, Yo Gotti released his major label debut studio album \"Live From The Kitchen\" on January 10, 2012.", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ The album's original first single was titled \"5 Star\" and it was released on May 20, 2009.", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ The single peaked at 79 on the Hot 100, 19 on U.S R&B and 11 on U.S Rap.", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ \"Women Lie, Men Lie\" featuring Lil Wayne the album's second single was released on December 11, 2009.", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ The song peaked at 81 on 100, 22 on the U.S R&B and 12 on the U.S Rap.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Nigel Gilbert __knowledge__ Geoffrey Nigel Gilbert (born 21 March 1950) is a British sociologist and a pioneer in the use of agent-based models in the social sciences.", "Nigel Gilbert __knowledge__ He is the founder and director of the \"Centre for Research in Social Simulation\" (University of Surrey), author of several books on computational social science, social simulation and social research and past editor of the \"Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation\" (JASSS), the leading journal in the field.", "Nigel Gilbert __knowledge__ A Cambridge engineering graduate (Emmanuel College), he turned to the sociology of scientific knowledge for his PhD under the direction of Michael Mulkay.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Wow Mali is the longest-running, multi-awarded and top-rated gag show in the Philippines aired over TV5 hosted by Joey De Leon.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ The show was discontinued on May 2007 but some episodes still aired on \"Wow Mali Bytes\" and \"Wow Mali Express\".", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ On February 22, 2009, \"Wow Mali\" returned to TV5.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Following the network's second reformat after Holy Week, Wow Mali was set to return on April 6, 2009, airing every Wednesday at 7:30 PM.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ The show was again discontinued on September 1, 2010 and was replaced by a spin-off show, Wow Meganon which lasted until April 8, 2011.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Its third incarnation aired on April 11, 2011 and ended on February 26, 2012.", "Amesbury, Massachusetts __knowledge__ Amesbury is a city in Essex County, Massachusetts, located on the left bank of the Merrimack River near its mouth, upstream from Salisbury and across the river from Newburyport and West Newbury.", "Amesbury, Massachusetts __knowledge__ The population was 16,283 at the 2010 census.", "Amesbury, Massachusetts __knowledge__ A former farming and mill town, Amesbury is today largely residential.", "Amesbury, Massachusetts __knowledge__ It is one of the two northernmost towns in Massachusetts (the other being neighboring Salisbury).", "Amesbury, Massachusetts __knowledge__ In 1637 the first English settler in the Salisbury-Amesbury region, John Bayly, crossed the Merrimack River from the new settlement at Newbury, built a log cabin, and began to clear the land for cultivation.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "Forrest Mims __knowledge__ Forrest M. Mims III is an American amateur scientist, magazine columnist, and author of the popular \"Getting Started in Electronics\" and \"Engineer's Mini-Notebook\" series of instructional books that was originally sold in Radio Shack electronics stores.", "Forrest Mims __knowledge__ Mims graduated from Texas A&M University in 1966 with a major in government and minors in English and history.", "Forrest Mims __knowledge__ He became a commissioned officer in the United States Air Force.", "Forrest Mims __knowledge__ Although he has no formal academic training in science, Mims has had a successful career as a science author, researcher, lecturer and syndicated columnist.", "Forrest Mims __knowledge__ His series of electronics books sold over 7 million copies and he is widely regarded as one of the world's most prolific citizen scientists.", "Metastable inner-shell molecular state __knowledge__ Metastable Innershell Molecular State (MIMS) is a class of ultra-high-energy short-lived molecules have the binding energy up to 1,000 times larger and bond length up to 100 times smaller than typical molecules.", "Metastable inner-shell molecular state __knowledge__ MIMS is formed by inner-shell electrons that are normally resistant to molecular formation.", "Metastable inner-shell molecular state __knowledge__ However, in stellar conditions, the inner-shell electrons become reactive to form molecular structures (MIMS) from combinations of all elements in the periodic table.", "Metastable inner-shell molecular state __knowledge__ MIMS upon dissociation can emit x-ray photons with energies up to 100 keV at extremely high conversion efficiencies from compression energy to photon energy.", "Donna Mae Mims __knowledge__ Donna Mae Mims (July 1, 1927–October 6, 2009) was an American race car driver.", "Donna Mae Mims __knowledge__ She was the first woman to win a Sports Car Club of America (SCCA) national championship.", "Donna Mae Mims __knowledge__ Mims won the SCCA Class H championship in 1963.", "Donna Mae Mims __knowledge__ She was known as the \"Pink Lady\" of racing because she wore a pink racing helmet and coveralls and had the phrase \"Think Pink\" emblazoned on the back of her pink racing cars.", "Donna Mae Mims __knowledge__ Mims also competed in the fourth (and last) running of the Cannonball Run race in March 1979.", "Donna Mae Mims __knowledge__ Mims graduated from Dormont High School in Dormont, Pennsylvania in 1945.", "Donna Mae Mims __knowledge__ In the 1950s, Mims worked as an executive secretary at Yenko Chevrolet in Canonsburg, Pennsylvania.", "Micro Instrumentation and Telemetry Systems __knowledge__ Micro Instrumentation and Telemetry Systems (MITS) was an American electronics company founded in Albuquerque, New Mexico that began manufacturing electronic calculators in 1971 and personal computers in 1975.", "Micro Instrumentation and Telemetry Systems __knowledge__ Ed Roberts and Forrest Mims founded MITS in December 1969 to produce miniaturized telemetry modules for model rockets such as a roll rate sensor.", "Micro Instrumentation and Telemetry Systems __knowledge__ In 1971, Roberts redirected the company into the electronic calculator market and the MITS 816 desktop calculator kit was featured on the November 1971 cover of \"Popular Electronics\".", "Micro Instrumentation and Telemetry Systems __knowledge__ The calculators were very successful and sales topped one million dollars in 1973.", "Whitmore Reans __knowledge__ Whitmore Reans is in Wolverhampton, West Midlands, England.", "Whitmore Reans __knowledge__ It is situated to the north-west of the city centre, in the city council's Park and St Peter's wards.", "Whitmore Reans __knowledge__ The name 'Whitmore' is said by toponymists to come from the Old English 'hwit' (white) and 'mor' (moor - which was used to describe a marshy area) - possibly a foggy area of marsh land, and 'Reans' is said to possibly mean a type of furrow created during ploughing, designed to drain the land.", "Whitmore Reans __knowledge__ Another name used for the nearby area that West Park now stands on was the 'Hungry Leas' - \"hungry\" being used to describe land which was little or no use for agriculture.", "Rodney Mims Cook Jr. __knowledge__ Rodney Mims Cook Jr., an authority on classical architecture, urban planning and education, served as both an early board member of New York’s Institute of Classical Architecture and Art as well as a founding trustee of the Prince of Wales’s American Foundation, a 501(c)(3) in the US.", "Rodney Mims Cook Jr. __knowledge__ He established the Prince of Wales’s Institute of Architecture in the United States, accredited by the University of Virginia and coordinated the design and construction of the Prince of Wales’s World Athletes Monument to the 1996 Centennial Olympic Games, during which time Cook developed close ties to fellow classicist Prince Charles." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ Mario Mims (born May 19, 1981), better known by his stage name Yo Gotti, is an American rapper.", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ In 1996, Gotti released his debut album \"Youngsta's On a Come Up\" under the alias Lil Yo.", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ He went to release \"From Da Dope Game 2 Da Rap Game\" (2000), \"Self-Explanatory\" (2001), \"Life\" (2003), \"Back 2 da Basics\" (2006), \"Live from the Kitchen\" (2012), \"I Am\" (2013) and \"The Art of Hustle\" (2016).", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ Mims grew up in Ridgecrest Apartments of Frayser, Memphis.", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ He began his music career around the age of 14, rapping as Lil Yo, affiliated with DJ Sound and his crew.", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ Between 2000 and 2006, Yo Gotti released a string of independent albums: \"From Da Dope Game 2 Da Rap Game\" (2000), \"Self-Explanatory\" (2001), \"Life\" (2003), and \"Back 2 da Basics\" (2006).", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ After several delays, Yo Gotti released his major label debut studio album \"Live From The Kitchen\" on January 10, 2012.", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ The album's original first single was titled \"5 Star\" and it was released on May 20, 2009.", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ The single peaked at 79 on the Hot 100, 19 on U.S R&B and 11 on U.S Rap.", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ \"Women Lie, Men Lie\" featuring Lil Wayne the album's second single was released on December 11, 2009.", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ The song peaked at 81 on 100, 22 on the U.S R&B and 12 on the U.S Rap.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Steven Paul Jobs (; February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American entrepreneur, business magnate, inventor, and industrial designer.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was the chairman, chief executive officer (CEO), and co-founder of Apple Inc.; CEO and majority shareholder of Pixar; a member of The Walt Disney Company's board of directors following its acquisition of Pixar; and the founder, chairman, and CEO of NeXT.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Jobs and Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak are widely recognized as pioneers of the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was born in San Francisco to parents who had to put him up for adoption at birth; he was raised in the San Francisco Bay Area during the 1960s.", "Forbidden Planet __knowledge__ Forbidden Planet (also known as Fatal Planet) is a 1956 American science fiction film from MGM, produced by Nicholas Nayfack, directed by Fred M. Wilcox and starring Walter Pidgeon, Anne Francis and Leslie Nielsen.", "Forbidden Planet __knowledge__ Shot in Eastmancolor and CinemaScope, it is considered one of the great science fiction films of the 1950s, and a precursor of contemporary science fiction cinema.", "Forbidden Planet __knowledge__ The characters and isolated setting have been compared to those in William Shakespeare's \"The Tempest\", and the plot contains certain analogues to the play.", "Forbidden Planet __knowledge__ \"Forbidden Planet\" pioneered several aspects of science fiction cinema.", "Meek Mill __knowledge__ Robert Rihmeek Williams (born May 6, 1987), known professionally as Meek Mill, is an American rapper and songwriter.", "Meek Mill __knowledge__ Raised in Philadelphia, he embarked on his music career as a battle rapper, and later formed a short-lived rap group, The Bloodhoundz.", "Meek Mill __knowledge__ In 2008, Atlanta-based rapper T.I.", "Meek Mill __knowledge__ signed Meek Mill to his first record deal.", "Meek Mill __knowledge__ In February 2011, after leaving Grand Hustle Records, Mill signed with Miami-based rapper Rick Ross's Maybach Music Group (MMG).", "Meek Mill __knowledge__ Mill's debut album, \"Dreams and Nightmares\", was released in 2012 under MMG and Warner Bros. Records.", "Meek Mill __knowledge__ The album, preceded by the single \"Young & Gettin' It\", debuted at number two on the U.S. \"Billboard\" 200.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ \"Wow Oh Wow\" is a song by Irish hip pop duo Jedward.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It is the third single released from their second album, \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It was released as a digital download on 18 November 2011.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song is written by Oritsé Williams of boy band JLS, and songwriters Johannes Joergensen, Savan Kotecha, Daniel Klein of Deekay.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ In September 2011, \"Wow Oh Wow\" was announced as the third single from \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ Jedward debuted the song on Irish chat show \"The Late Late Show\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song was released as a digital-only single.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The music video was directed by Dale \"Rage\" Resteghini and filmed in Los Angeles, California in October 2011.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "CEN 1789 __knowledge__ CEN 1789:2007 is the European Union standard for ambulances and medical transportation vehicles.", "CEN 1789 __knowledge__ This European standard specifies requirements for the design, testing, performance and equipping of road ambulances used for the transport and care of patients.", "CEN 1789 __knowledge__ This standard is applicable to road ambulances capable of transporting at least one person on a stretcher.", "CEN 1789 __knowledge__ The current version of standard CEN 1789 was published by the Comité Européen de Normalisation (European Committee on Standardization) on June 29, 2007.", "CEN 1789 __knowledge__ This replaced an early version of the standard, published in 2000.", "CEN 1789 __knowledge__ European standards are generally annotated by the organization, standard number and year of publication (e.g.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"OMG\" is a song by American recording artist Usher and American rapper will.i.am, who also wrote and produced the song.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ It uses the auto-tune effect in several lines, as well as \"Jock Jams\"-esque sports arena chanting.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ It was released on March 22, 2010 as the first worldwide single off his sixth studio album, \"Raymond v. Raymond\", and the fourth single overall, following the three US singles \"Papers\", \"Hey Daddy (Daddy's Home)\", and \"Lil Freak\".", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was met with a mixed reception from critics, who criticized the use of auto-tune, but commended the song's dance and club vibe.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song marks the second time that Usher has collaborated with will.i.am, following the single \"What's Your Name\", from his previous album \"Here I Stand\" (2008).", "Forrest Mims __knowledge__ Forrest M. Mims III is an American amateur scientist, magazine columnist, and author of the popular \"Getting Started in Electronics\" and \"Engineer's Mini-Notebook\" series of instructional books that was originally sold in Radio Shack electronics stores.", "Forrest Mims __knowledge__ Mims graduated from Texas A&M University in 1966 with a major in government and minors in English and history.", "Forrest Mims __knowledge__ He became a commissioned officer in the United States Air Force.", "Forrest Mims __knowledge__ Although he has no formal academic training in science, Mims has had a successful career as a science author, researcher, lecturer and syndicated columnist.", "Forrest Mims __knowledge__ His series of electronics books sold over 7 million copies and he is widely regarded as one of the world's most prolific citizen scientists.", "Da Youngsta's __knowledge__ Da Youngsta's were a rap group from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania that consisted of brothers Taji \"Taj Mahal\" Goodman (born February 1977) and Qu'ran \"Q-Ball\" Goodman (born March 1978); and their cousin Tarik \"Reek Geez\" Dawson (born February 1976).", "Da Youngsta's __knowledge__ The group released four albums in four years, experiencing its greatest success with 1993's \"The Aftermath\".", "Da Youngsta's __knowledge__ In 1991, an upcoming 19-year old Philadelphia rapper named Emanuel \"Mentally Gifted\" Parks of The Hill-Top Hustlers was working on some songs for a possible project, one of his tracks that he was working on was called \"Somethin 4 Da Youngstas\".", "Da Youngsta's __knowledge__ Parks felt the song needed a more younger vibe, so he asked his producer's (Lawrence L.G Goodman) son, Qu'ran (13), to join the song, later Taji (14) joined then Tarik (15) joined, Parks was so impressed with the song, he let them have it as their demo, thus Da Youngsta was born.", "Metastable inner-shell molecular state __knowledge__ Metastable Innershell Molecular State (MIMS) is a class of ultra-high-energy short-lived molecules have the binding energy up to 1,000 times larger and bond length up to 100 times smaller than typical molecules.", "Metastable inner-shell molecular state __knowledge__ MIMS is formed by inner-shell electrons that are normally resistant to molecular formation.", "Metastable inner-shell molecular state __knowledge__ However, in stellar conditions, the inner-shell electrons become reactive to form molecular structures (MIMS) from combinations of all elements in the periodic table.", "Metastable inner-shell molecular state __knowledge__ MIMS upon dissociation can emit x-ray photons with energies up to 100 keV at extremely high conversion efficiencies from compression energy to photon energy.", "Harry T. Moore __knowledge__ Harry Tyson Moore (November 18, 1905 – December 25, 1951) was an African-American educator, a pioneer leader of the Civil Rights Movement, and founder of the first branch of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) in Brevard County, Florida.", "Harry T. Moore __knowledge__ Harry T. Moore and his wife, Harriette Vyda Simms Moore, also an educator, were the victims of a bombing of their home in Mims, Florida on Christmas night 1951.", "Harry T. Moore __knowledge__ He died in an ambulance on the way to a hospital in Seminole County while she died January 3, 1952, at the hospital in Sanford, Florida.", "Harry T. Moore __knowledge__ Forensic work in 2005-6 resulted in the naming of the probable perpetrators as four Ku Klux Klan members, all long dead by the time of the investigation.", "Harriette Moore __knowledge__ Harriette Vyda Simms Moore (June 19, 1902 – January 3, 1952) was an African-American educator and civil rights worker.", "Harriette Moore __knowledge__ She was the wife of Harry T. Moore, who founded the first branch of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) in Brevard County, Florida.", "Harriette Moore __knowledge__ Harriette Vyda Simms was born in West Palm Beach, Florida on June 19, 1902, to David Ira Simms (a wood lathe worker) and Annie (Warren) Simms.", "Harriette Moore __knowledge__ She had sisters Valerie and Mae, and brothers George, Arnold, Rupert and David, Jr.", "Harriette Moore __knowledge__ The family relocated to Mims, Florida.", "Harriette Moore __knowledge__ As a youth, Harriette spent summers working in Massillon, Ohio with her father.", "Livio Vacchini __knowledge__ Livio Vacchini (February 27, 1933 - April 2, 2007) was a Swiss architect from Ticino.", "Livio Vacchini __knowledge__ Livio Vacchini was born in Locarno.", "Livio Vacchini __knowledge__ From 1953 to 1958 he studied architecture at Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich.", "Livio Vacchini __knowledge__ After a stay in Stockholm and Paris from 1959 to 1961, he established his own architecture studio in Locarno called Studio Vacchini architetti, working closely with Luigi Snozzi and Silvia Gmür.", "Livio Vacchini __knowledge__ The works of Livio Vacchini feature an extreme coherence of theme and practice.", "Livio Vacchini __knowledge__ Each project is conceived ideally as the continuation of the lines of research explored by modern architects of the classical tradition, like Auguste Perret, Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and Louis Kahn.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Ha Dong-hoon (; born on August 20, 1979), better known by his stage name Haha (), is a South Korean singer, variety show host and member of Skull & Haha.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He is best known for being in the sitcom, \"Nonstop\" and for co-hosting two popular variety programs, MBC's \"Infinite Challenge\" and SBS's \"Running Man\".", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He has also hosted his own show, titled \"Ya Man TV\" on Mnet in 2015.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Haha was born on August 20, 1979 in Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, West Germany and moved to Seoul, South Korea when he was an infant.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ His parents are both Korean, with his mother holding a doctorate in psychology, and he has an older sister, Ha Juri () who is a pianist, also with a doctorate." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ Mario Mims (born May 19, 1981), better known by his stage name Yo Gotti, is an American rapper.", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ In 1996, Gotti released his debut album \"Youngsta's On a Come Up\" under the alias Lil Yo.", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ He went to release \"From Da Dope Game 2 Da Rap Game\" (2000), \"Self-Explanatory\" (2001), \"Life\" (2003), \"Back 2 da Basics\" (2006), \"Live from the Kitchen\" (2012), \"I Am\" (2013) and \"The Art of Hustle\" (2016).", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ Mims grew up in Ridgecrest Apartments of Frayser, Memphis.", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ He began his music career around the age of 14, rapping as Lil Yo, affiliated with DJ Sound and his crew.", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ Between 2000 and 2006, Yo Gotti released a string of independent albums: \"From Da Dope Game 2 Da Rap Game\" (2000), \"Self-Explanatory\" (2001), \"Life\" (2003), and \"Back 2 da Basics\" (2006).", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ After several delays, Yo Gotti released his major label debut studio album \"Live From The Kitchen\" on January 10, 2012.", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ The album's original first single was titled \"5 Star\" and it was released on May 20, 2009.", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ The single peaked at 79 on the Hot 100, 19 on U.S R&B and 11 on U.S Rap.", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ \"Women Lie, Men Lie\" featuring Lil Wayne the album's second single was released on December 11, 2009.", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ The song peaked at 81 on 100, 22 on the U.S R&B and 12 on the U.S Rap.", "Two knights endgame __knowledge__ The two knights endgame is a chess endgame with a king and two knights versus a king.", "Two knights endgame __knowledge__ In contrast to a king plus two bishops (on opposite-colored squares), or a bishop and a knight, a king and two knights cannot force checkmate against a lone king.", "Two knights endgame __knowledge__ (However, the superior side can force stalemate .)", "Two knights endgame __knowledge__ Although there are checkmate positions, the superior side cannot force them against proper (and easy) defense .", "Two knights endgame __knowledge__ Paradoxically, although the king and two knights cannot force checkmate of the lone king, there are positions in which the king and two knights can force checkmate against a king and some additional material .", "Linguistic development of Genie __knowledge__ When the circumstances of Genie, the primary victim in one of the most severe cases of abuse, neglect and social isolation on record in medical literature, first became known in early November 1970, authorities arranged for her admission to Children's Hospital Los Angeles, where doctors determined that at the age of 13 years and 7 months she had not acquired a first language.", "Linguistic development of Genie __knowledge__ Hospital staff then began teaching Genie to speak General American English, and she gradually began to learn and use language.", "Linguistic development of Genie __knowledge__ Their efforts soon caught the attention of linguists, who saw her as an important way to gain further insight into acquisition of language skills and linguistic development.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Friday the 13th is an American horror franchise that consists of twelve slasher films, a television show, novels, and comic books.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ The main villain in the series is Jason Voorhees, who drowned at Camp Crystal Lake as a boy due to the negligence of the teenage counselors.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Decades later, the lake is rumored to be \"cursed\" and is the setting for a series of mass murders.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Jason is featured in all of the films, either as the killer or as the motivation for the killings.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Each entry in the series features a different cast of characters, including a final girl who defeats the killer in the end.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Recurring characters in the series include Jason's vengeful mother Pamela Voorhees, Alice Hardy, Tommy Jarvis and Crazy Ralph.", "Touch-move rule __knowledge__ The touch-move rule in chess specifies that, if a player deliberately touches a piece on the board when it is his turn to move, then he must move or capture that piece if it is legal to do so.", "Touch-move rule __knowledge__ If it is the player's piece that was touched, it must be moved if he has a legal move.", "Touch-move rule __knowledge__ If the opponent's piece was touched, it must be captured if it can be captured with a legal move.", "Touch-move rule __knowledge__ This is a rule of chess that is enforced in all games played in competitions.", "Touch-move rule __knowledge__ The player claiming a touch-move violation must do so before making a move.", "Touch-move rule __knowledge__ If a player wants to adjust a piece on its square without being required to move it, he can announce \"j’adoube\" (\"I adjust\") before touching the piece .", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Computer Go __knowledge__ Computer Go is the field of artificial intelligence (AI) dedicated to creating a computer program that plays the traditional board game Go.", "Computer Go __knowledge__ The game of Go has been a fertile subject of artificial intelligence research for decades, culminating in 2017 with AlphaGo winning three of three games against Ke Jie, who at the time continuously held the world No.", "Computer Go __knowledge__ 1 ranking for two years.", "Computer Go __knowledge__ Go is a complex board game that requires intuition, creative and strategic thinking.", "Computer Go __knowledge__ It has long been considered a difficult challenge in the field of artificial intelligence (AI) and is considerably more difficult to solve than chess.", "Budapest Gambit __knowledge__ The Budapest Gambit (or Budapest Defence) is a chess opening that begins with the moves: Despite an early debut in 1896, the Budapest Gambit received attention from leading players only after a win as Black by Grandmaster Milan Vidmar over Akiba Rubinstein in 1918.", "Budapest Gambit __knowledge__ It enjoyed a rise in popularity in the early 1920s, but nowadays is rarely played at the top level.", "Budapest Gambit __knowledge__ It experiences a lower percentage of draws than other main lines, but also a lower overall performance for Black.", "Budapest Gambit __knowledge__ After 3.dxe5 Black can try the \"Fajarowicz variation\" 3...Ne4 which concentrates on the rapid development of pieces, but the most common move is 3...Ng4 with three main possibilities for White.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ TRL's Number Ones is the collection of music videos that had reached the number-one spot on the daily music video countdown show \"Total Request Live\" which aired on MTV from 1998 to 2008.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ Usually the same video will stay on the number-one spot for a series of weeks but after a certain period it will be retired or honorably discharged from the countdown and be put into the hall of fame.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ The music video is usually determined various ways such as voting online on MTV.com, the \"Billboard\" charts, ratings on the radio and downloads over the internet.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ January 2: \"Lose Yourself\" - Eminem January 3: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 6: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 7: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 8: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 9: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 10: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 13: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 14: \"All I Have\" - Jennifer Lopez featuring LL Cool J January 15: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 16: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 17: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 22: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 23: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 24: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 28: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 29: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 30: \"Bump, Bump, Bump\" - B2K featuring P. Diddy January 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 3: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 4: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 7: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 10: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 11: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 12: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 14: Valentine's Day Special #1 Video: \"Why I Love You\" - B2K February 17: TRL Awards #1 Video: \"Larger Than Life\" - Backstreet Boys February 18: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 19: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 20: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 21: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 24: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 25: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 26: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake February 27: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 28: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 3: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 4: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 7: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 10: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 11: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 12: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 14: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 17: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 18: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 19: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 20: Coverage on the war in Iraq March 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 24: \"The Hell Song\" - Sum 41 March 25: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 26: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 1: \"Girlfriend\" - B2K April 2: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 3: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 4: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 7: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 8: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 9: \"Addicted\" - Simple Plan April 10: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 11: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 15: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 16: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 17: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 18: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 22: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 23: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 24: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 25: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 28: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 29: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 30: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 1: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 2: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 5: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 6: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 7: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 8: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 9: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 12: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 13: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 15: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 16: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 19: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 20: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 22: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 26: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 27: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 28: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 29: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 30: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 2: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 3: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 4: \"Rock Wit U\" - Ashanti June 5: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 9: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 10: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 11: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 12: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 16: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 17: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 18: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 19: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 23: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 24: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 25: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 26: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 30: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 1: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 2: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 3: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 7: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 8: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 9: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 10: Dynamic Duos #1 Video: \"Girlfriend ( Remix )\"- 'N Sync featuring Nelly July 11: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 14: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 15: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 16: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 17: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 18: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 21: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 22: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 23: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 24: Funniest Video #1 Video: \"Without Me\" - Eminem July 25: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 28: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 29: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 30: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 31: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 1: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 4: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 5: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 6: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 7: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 8: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 11: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 12: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 13: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 14: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 15: August 18: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 19: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 20: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 21: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 26: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 27: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy August 28: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 29: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 2: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 3: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 4: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 5: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 8: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 9: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 10: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 11: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 12: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 15: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 17: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 18: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 19: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 23: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 24: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 25: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 26: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 29: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 30: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 1: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 2: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 3: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell October 6: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 7: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul October 8: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 9: \"Perfect\" - Simple Plan October 10: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 14: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 15: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 17: \"Trouble\" - P!nk October 18: \"Trouble\" - Pink October 21: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 23: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 27: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 28: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 29: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 30: \"Will You\" - P. O. D. October 31: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 3: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 4: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 5: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 6: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 7: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 11: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 12: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 13: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 14: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 17: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 18: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 19: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 20: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 24: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 25: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 1: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 2: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 3: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 4: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 5: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 8: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 11: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 16: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 17: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 18: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 19: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 22: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 23: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 29: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit December 30: Song Of The Year: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 5: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 6: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 7: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 8: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 13: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 14: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 16: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 19: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 21: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 22: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 26: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 27: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 28: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 29: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 30: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring Jason Weaver February 2: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 9: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 10: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 11: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 12: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 13: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte February 16: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 17: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 18: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 19: \"Sorry 2004\" - Ruben Studdard February 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 23: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 24: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 25: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon February 27: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 2: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 3: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 4: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 5: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 8: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears March 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 10: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 11: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 15: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 16: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 17: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 18: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 22: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 23: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 24: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 25: \"My Band\" - D12 March 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 29: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 30: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 31: \"My Band\" - D12 April 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 5: \"Naughty Girl\" - Beyoncé April 6: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 7: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 8: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 13: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 14: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 15: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 16: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 19: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 20: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 21: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 22: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 23: \"My Band\" - D12 April 26: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 27: \"My Band\" - D12 April 28: \"My Band\" - D12 April 29: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears May 3: \"My Band\" - D12 May 4: \"My Band\" - D12 May 5: \"My Band\" - D12 May 6: \"My Band\" - D12 May 7: \"My Band\" - D12 May 10: \"My Band\" - D12 May 11: \"My Band\" - D12 May 17: \"My Band\" - D12 May 18: \"Burn\" - Usher May 19: \"Burn\" - Usher May 20: \"Burn\" - Usher May 21: \"Burn\" - Usher May 24: \"My Band\" - D12 May 25: \"Burn\" - Usher May 26: \"Burn\" - Usher May 27: \"My Band\" - D12 May 28: \"My Band\" - D12 May 31: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 1: \"Burn\" - Usher June 2: \"Burn\" - Usher June 3: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 4: \"My Band\" - D12 June 7: \"My Band\" - D12 June 8: \"Burn\" - Usher June 9: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 10: Cross Country Countdown #1 Video: \"Forgot About Dre\" - Dr. Dre featuring Eminem June 11: \"Burn\" - Usher June 14: \"Burn\" - Usher June 15: \"How Come\" - D12 June 16: \"How Come\" - D12 June 17: \"How Come\" - D12 June 18: \"How Come\" - D12 June 21: \"How Come\" - D12 June 22: \"How Come\" - D12 June 23: \"Leave (Get Out)\" - JoJo June 24: \"How Come\" - D12 June 25: \"How Come\" - D12 June 28: \"Leave ( Get Out )\" - JoJo June 29: \"How Come\" - D12 June 30: \"Confessions Pt.", "Boosie Badazz __knowledge__ Torrence Hatch (born November 14, 1982), known professionally as Boosie Badazz (formerly known as Lil Boosie), is an American rapper.", "Boosie Badazz __knowledge__ Hatch was bestowed the nickname Boosie by his family, and he was raised in Southside Baton Rouge.", "Boosie Badazz __knowledge__ As Boosie, he has released numerous regular studio albums while also contributing to a number of mixtapes and compilations.", "Boosie Badazz __knowledge__ Hatch was incarcerated in the Louisiana State Penitentiary from 2009 to 2014, having been sentenced to eight years in prison after pleading guilty to drug charges.", "Boosie Badazz __knowledge__ He was released early on March 5, 2014.", "Boosie Badazz __knowledge__ On October 20, 2014, Lil' Boosie officially changed his name to \"Boosie Badazz\".", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ is a song by American singer Usher.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ He co-wrote the song with Sean Garrett, Patrick J. Que Smith, Robert McDowell, LRoc, Ludacris, Da'Ron, and Lil Jon.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ It also features guest vocals from Lil Jon and Ludacris, with the former also producing the song as well as incorporating crunk and R&B—which he coined as crunk&B—in the song's production.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was released as the lead single from Usher's fourth studio album \"Confessions\" (2004) on January 27, 2004, after Usher was told by Arista Records, his label at the time, to record more tracks for the album.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ topped the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart for 12 consecutive weeks, before being dethroned by Usher's follow-up single \"Burn\".", "Lil B __knowledge__ Brandon Christopher McCartney (born August 17, 1989), professionally known as Lil B and as his alter ego The BasedGod, is an American rapper from Berkeley, California.", "Lil B __knowledge__ Lil B has recorded both solo and with The Pack.", "Lil B __knowledge__ His solo work spans several genres, including hip hop, new age, indie rock and choral music.", "Lil B __knowledge__ He describes his work as \"based\", a term which denotes a lifestyle of positivity and tolerance.", "Lil B __knowledge__ He is noted for his extensive use of social media to build an online following.", "Lil B __knowledge__ He has released a variety of albums and mixtapes, including \"Rain in England\" (2010).", "Lil B __knowledge__ McCartney grew up in Berkeley, California, and attended high school at Albany High in Albany.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ Usher Raymond IV (born October 14, 1978), is an American singer, songwriter, dancer and actor.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He was born in Dallas, Texas, but raised in Chattanooga, Tennessee until moving to Atlanta, Georgia.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ At the age of 12, his mother put him in local singing competitions, before catching the attention of a music A&R from LaFace Records.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ In 1994, he released his self-titled debut album, \"Usher\".", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He rose to fame in the late 1990s with the release of his second album \"My Way\" (1997), which spawned his first U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 number-one single, \"Nice & Slow\", amongst top-two singles \"You Make Me Wanna...\" and \"My Way\".", "T.I. __knowledge__ Clifford Joseph Harris Jr. (born September 25, 1980), known professionally as T.I.", "T.I. __knowledge__ and Tip (often stylized as TIP or T.I.P.", "T.I. __knowledge__ ), is an American rapper and actor.", "T.I. __knowledge__ Harris signed his first major-label record deal in 1999, with Arista subsidiary LaFace.", "T.I. __knowledge__ In 2001, Harris formed the Southern hip hop group P$C, alongside his longtime friends and fellow Atlanta-based rappers Big Kuntry King, Mac Boney and C-Rod.", "T.I. __knowledge__ Upon being released from Arista, Harris signed to Atlantic and subsequently became the co-chief executive officer (CEO) of his own label imprint, Grand Hustle Records, which he launched in 2003.", "T.I. __knowledge__ Harris is also perhaps best known as one of the artists who popularized the hip hop subgenre trap music, along with Young Jeezy and Gucci Mane." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ Mario Mims (born May 19, 1981), better known by his stage name Yo Gotti, is an American rapper.", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ In 1996, Gotti released his debut album \"Youngsta's On a Come Up\" under the alias Lil Yo.", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ He went to release \"From Da Dope Game 2 Da Rap Game\" (2000), \"Self-Explanatory\" (2001), \"Life\" (2003), \"Back 2 da Basics\" (2006), \"Live from the Kitchen\" (2012), \"I Am\" (2013) and \"The Art of Hustle\" (2016).", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ Mims grew up in Ridgecrest Apartments of Frayser, Memphis.", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ He began his music career around the age of 14, rapping as Lil Yo, affiliated with DJ Sound and his crew.", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ Between 2000 and 2006, Yo Gotti released a string of independent albums: \"From Da Dope Game 2 Da Rap Game\" (2000), \"Self-Explanatory\" (2001), \"Life\" (2003), and \"Back 2 da Basics\" (2006).", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ After several delays, Yo Gotti released his major label debut studio album \"Live From The Kitchen\" on January 10, 2012.", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ The album's original first single was titled \"5 Star\" and it was released on May 20, 2009.", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ The single peaked at 79 on the Hot 100, 19 on U.S R&B and 11 on U.S Rap.", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ \"Women Lie, Men Lie\" featuring Lil Wayne the album's second single was released on December 11, 2009.", "Yo Gotti __knowledge__ The song peaked at 81 on 100, 22 on the U.S R&B and 12 on the U.S Rap.", "Tobatí __knowledge__ Tobatí is a city in Tobatí District in the Cordillera Department, Paraguay.", "Tobatí __knowledge__ The population of the city is 9,688.", "Tobatí __knowledge__ Tobati was founded in June 1539 by Domingo Martínez de Irala.", "Tobatí __knowledge__ There are various opinions as to the meaning of the town's name.", "Tobatí __knowledge__ One is from the Spanish definition of the word, referring to the rocky terrain, consisting largely of limestone.", "Tobatí __knowledge__ Another is that it is the combination of the Guaraní language words \"tova,\" meaning \"face\" and \"tí,\" meaning \"nose,\" or together - \"nose on the face.\"", "Tobatí __knowledge__ The third option is that the name is a combination of the Guaraní words, tova, and morotí - referring to an indigenous legend of a white faced warrior priest who would come to lead the tribes into a glorius era.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Glory Days is the sixteenth season of \"The Biggest Loser\" which premiered on September 11, 2014 on NBC.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ Bob Harper and Dolvett Quince returned as trainers, while Jillian Michaels decided to leave the show.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ There are two new trainers this season: Jessie Pavelka and Jennifer Widerstrom.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season, the contestants are all former athletes including former National Football League players and Olympic Gold medalists.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize which was awarded to Toma Dobrosavljevic, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season was also the last for host Alison Sweeney to focus on other projects.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Having reformed from his violent ways, Bigby (a.k.a.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ the Big Bad Wolf) became the cigarette-smoking, trench coat-clad sheriff of Fabletown.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is extremely cunning and resourceful, in addition to being an excellent detective.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Due to Snow White's possession of a lycanthropy-stained knife, he is now a werewolf and can change between wolf form, human form and an intermediate \"wolfman\" stage at will (in \"The Great Fables Crossover\", it is revealed that Bigby's nature as one of the North Wind's sons allows him to change forms at will).", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is the son of the North Wind, and, as such, has control over the lower-tier winds, plus the \"huff and puff\" of legend.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "Neil Young __knowledge__ Neil Percival Young, (born November 12, 1945), is a Canadian singer-songwriter, musician, producer, director and screenwriter.", "Neil Young __knowledge__ After embarking on a music career in the 1960s, he moved to Los Angeles, where he formed Buffalo Springfield with Stephen Stills, Richie Furay and others.", "Neil Young __knowledge__ Young had released two solo albums by the time he joined Crosby, Stills & Nash in 1969, in addition to three as a member of Buffalo Springfield.", "Neil Young __knowledge__ From his early solo albums and those with his backing band Crazy Horse, Young has recorded a steady stream of studio and live albums, sometimes warring with his recording company along the way.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Various characters appeared in the sitcom \"Friends\", which aired for ten seasons on NBC from 1994 to 2004.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ It featured six main cast members: Rachel Green (Jennifer Aniston), Phoebe Buffay (Lisa Kudrow), Joey Tribbiani (Matt LeBlanc), Chandler Bing (Matthew Perry), Ross Geller (David Schwimmer) and Monica Geller (Courteney Cox).", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Many celebrities guest starred on the series throughout its ten-year run.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ The main cast members were familiar to television viewers before their roles on \"Friends\", but were not considered to be stars.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Series creator David Crane wanted all six characters to be equally prominent, and the series was lauded as being \"the first true 'ensemble' show\".", "Major Israel McCreight __knowledge__ Major Israel McCreight (Oglala Lakota: \"Cante Tanke\" (\"Great Heart\")(Čhaŋté Tȟáŋka) in Standard Lakota Orthography) (April 22, 1865 – October 13, 1958) is notable in American history as a Progressive Era banker, conservationist and expert on Native American culture and policy.", "Major Israel McCreight __knowledge__ McCreight was a founder of the Pennsylvania Conservation Association, and authored President Theodore Roosevelt’s conservation policy on public education and Cook Forest State Park, the first Pennsylvania State Park acquired to preserve a natural landmark.", "Major Israel McCreight __knowledge__ McCreight dedicated his life to public education about Native American culture and was a nominee for U.S. Commissioner of Indian Affairs.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ TRL's Number Ones is the collection of music videos that had reached the number-one spot on the daily music video countdown show \"Total Request Live\" which aired on MTV from 1998 to 2008.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ Usually the same video will stay on the number-one spot for a series of weeks but after a certain period it will be retired or honorably discharged from the countdown and be put into the hall of fame.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ The music video is usually determined various ways such as voting online on MTV.com, the \"Billboard\" charts, ratings on the radio and downloads over the internet.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ January 2: \"Lose Yourself\" - Eminem January 3: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 6: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 7: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 8: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 9: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 10: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 13: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 14: \"All I Have\" - Jennifer Lopez featuring LL Cool J January 15: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 16: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 17: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 22: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 23: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 24: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 28: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 29: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 30: \"Bump, Bump, Bump\" - B2K featuring P. Diddy January 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 3: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 4: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 7: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 10: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 11: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 12: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 14: Valentine's Day Special #1 Video: \"Why I Love You\" - B2K February 17: TRL Awards #1 Video: \"Larger Than Life\" - Backstreet Boys February 18: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 19: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 20: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 21: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 24: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 25: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 26: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake February 27: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 28: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 3: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 4: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 7: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 10: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 11: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 12: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 14: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 17: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 18: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 19: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 20: Coverage on the war in Iraq March 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 24: \"The Hell Song\" - Sum 41 March 25: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 26: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 1: \"Girlfriend\" - B2K April 2: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 3: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 4: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 7: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 8: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 9: \"Addicted\" - Simple Plan April 10: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 11: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 15: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 16: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 17: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 18: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 22: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 23: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 24: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 25: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 28: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 29: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 30: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 1: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 2: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 5: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 6: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 7: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 8: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 9: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 12: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 13: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 15: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 16: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 19: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 20: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 22: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 26: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 27: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 28: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 29: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 30: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 2: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 3: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 4: \"Rock Wit U\" - Ashanti June 5: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 9: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 10: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 11: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 12: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 16: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 17: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 18: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 19: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 23: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 24: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 25: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 26: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 30: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 1: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 2: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 3: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 7: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 8: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 9: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 10: Dynamic Duos #1 Video: \"Girlfriend ( Remix )\"- 'N Sync featuring Nelly July 11: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 14: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 15: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 16: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 17: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 18: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 21: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 22: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 23: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 24: Funniest Video #1 Video: \"Without Me\" - Eminem July 25: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 28: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 29: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 30: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 31: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 1: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 4: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 5: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 6: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 7: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 8: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 11: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 12: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 13: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 14: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 15: August 18: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 19: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 20: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 21: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 26: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 27: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy August 28: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 29: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 2: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 3: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 4: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 5: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 8: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 9: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 10: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 11: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 12: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 15: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 17: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 18: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 19: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 23: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 24: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 25: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 26: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 29: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 30: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 1: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 2: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 3: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell October 6: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 7: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul October 8: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 9: \"Perfect\" - Simple Plan October 10: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 14: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 15: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 17: \"Trouble\" - P!nk October 18: \"Trouble\" - Pink October 21: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 23: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 27: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 28: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 29: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 30: \"Will You\" - P. O. D. October 31: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 3: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 4: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 5: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 6: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 7: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 11: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 12: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 13: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 14: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 17: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 18: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 19: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 20: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 24: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 25: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 1: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 2: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 3: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 4: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 5: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 8: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 11: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 16: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 17: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 18: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 19: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 22: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 23: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 29: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit December 30: Song Of The Year: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 5: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 6: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 7: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 8: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 13: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 14: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 16: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 19: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 21: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 22: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 26: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 27: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 28: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 29: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 30: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring Jason Weaver February 2: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 9: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 10: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 11: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 12: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 13: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte February 16: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 17: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 18: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 19: \"Sorry 2004\" - Ruben Studdard February 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 23: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 24: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 25: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon February 27: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 2: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 3: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 4: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 5: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 8: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears March 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 10: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 11: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 15: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 16: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 17: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 18: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 22: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 23: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 24: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 25: \"My Band\" - D12 March 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 29: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 30: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 31: \"My Band\" - D12 April 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 5: \"Naughty Girl\" - Beyoncé April 6: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 7: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 8: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 13: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 14: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 15: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 16: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 19: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 20: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 21: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 22: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 23: \"My Band\" - D12 April 26: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 27: \"My Band\" - D12 April 28: \"My Band\" - D12 April 29: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears May 3: \"My Band\" - D12 May 4: \"My Band\" - D12 May 5: \"My Band\" - D12 May 6: \"My Band\" - D12 May 7: \"My Band\" - D12 May 10: \"My Band\" - D12 May 11: \"My Band\" - D12 May 17: \"My Band\" - D12 May 18: \"Burn\" - Usher May 19: \"Burn\" - Usher May 20: \"Burn\" - Usher May 21: \"Burn\" - Usher May 24: \"My Band\" - D12 May 25: \"Burn\" - Usher May 26: \"Burn\" - Usher May 27: \"My Band\" - D12 May 28: \"My Band\" - D12 May 31: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 1: \"Burn\" - Usher June 2: \"Burn\" - Usher June 3: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 4: \"My Band\" - D12 June 7: \"My Band\" - D12 June 8: \"Burn\" - Usher June 9: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 10: Cross Country Countdown #1 Video: \"Forgot About Dre\" - Dr. Dre featuring Eminem June 11: \"Burn\" - Usher June 14: \"Burn\" - Usher June 15: \"How Come\" - D12 June 16: \"How Come\" - D12 June 17: \"How Come\" - D12 June 18: \"How Come\" - D12 June 21: \"How Come\" - D12 June 22: \"How Come\" - D12 June 23: \"Leave (Get Out)\" - JoJo June 24: \"How Come\" - D12 June 25: \"How Come\" - D12 June 28: \"Leave ( Get Out )\" - JoJo June 29: \"How Come\" - D12 June 30: \"Confessions Pt.", "Lil' Kim __knowledge__ Kimberly Denise Jones (born July 11, 1975 or 1976), known professionally by her stage name Lil' Kim, is an American rapper, songwriter, record producer, model, and actress.", "Lil' Kim __knowledge__ She was born and raised in Brooklyn, New York, living much of her adolescent life on the streets after being expelled from home.", "Lil' Kim __knowledge__ In her teens, Jones would freestyle rap, heavily influenced by fellow female hip-hop artists like MC Lyte and The Lady of Rage.", "Lil' Kim __knowledge__ In 1994, she was discovered by fellow rapper The Notorious B.I.G., who invited her to join his rap group Junior M.A.F.I.A.", "Lil' Kim __knowledge__ ; their debut album as a group, \"Conspiracy\", generated two top 20 singles in the United States and was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).", "Lil Buck __knowledge__ Charles \"Lil Buck\" Riley (born May 25, 1988) is a Los Angeles-based dancer and occasional model from Memphis, Tennessee who specializes in a style of street dance called jookin.", "Lil Buck __knowledge__ He gained popularity after director Spike Jonze used his cell phone to record an interpretive performance of \"The Dying Swan\" by Lil Buck and Yo-Yo Ma.", "Lil Buck __knowledge__ Jonze uploaded the video to YouTube and as of November 2015, it had amassed over three million views.", "Lil Buck __knowledge__ Lil Buck was born in Chicago and raised in Memphis.", "Lil Buck __knowledge__ He discovered jookin when he was 12 years old after his older sister showed him some basic jookin dance moves in their living room.", "Yo-yo __knowledge__ Yo-yo (also spelled yoyo) is a toy consisting of an axle connected to two disks, and a string looped around the axle.", "Yo-yo __knowledge__ It has some similarities to a slender spool.", "Yo-yo __knowledge__ Yo-yo is played by holding the free end of the string known as the handle (by inserting one fingerusually the middle or index fingerinto a slip knot) allowing gravity (or the force of a throw and gravity) to spin the yo-yo and unwind the string (similar to how a pullstring works).", "Yo-yo __knowledge__ The player then allows the yo-yo to wind itself back to the player's hand, exploiting its spin (and the associated rotational energy).", "Yo-yo __knowledge__ This is often called \"yo-yoing\".", "Lil Wayne __knowledge__ Dwayne Michael Carter Jr. (born September 27, 1982), known professionally as Lil Wayne, is an American rapper.", "Lil Wayne __knowledge__ In 1991, at the age of nine, Lil Wayne joined Cash Money Records as the youngest member of the label, and half of the duo The B.G.", "Lil Wayne __knowledge__ 'z, alongside fellow New Orleans-based rapper Lil' Doogie.", "Lil Wayne __knowledge__ In 1996, Lil Wayne joined the southern hip hop group Hot Boys, with his Cash Money label-mates Juvenile, Young Turk and Lil' Doogie (who now goes by B.G.).", "Lil Wayne __knowledge__ Hot Boys debuted with \"Get It How U Live!", "Lil Wayne __knowledge__ \", that same year.", "Lil Wayne __knowledge__ Most of the group's success came with their platinum-selling album \"Guerrilla Warfare\" (1999) and the 1999 single \"Bling Bling\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring games, sketches, and other comedy routines from the NBC late night talk show \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\", and its predecessor, \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The sketches feature host Jimmy Fallon, house band The Roots, announcer/sidekick Steve Higgins, the show's writers, celebrity guests, and audience members.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Most of the skits below appeared only on \"Late Night\", while some have carried over to the \"Tonight Show\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Every Tuesday on the show, Jimmy weighs the pros and cons of a topic that's currently in the news, with the pros being the setups and the cons being the punchlines." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 2, 5, 6 ]

[ "I have but don't listen to a lot of he's music. He's name is actually Mario Mims, born in May 1981.", "Haha yeah Mims. He released he's first album in 1996 called \"Youngsta's On a Come Up\" ", "Yeah, he's first album was released under the alias under the alias Lil Yo.", "Usually is I guess. He's career began as Lil Yo at the age of 14.", "Around 200 and 2006, he started releasing a string of independent albums as Yo Gotti." ]

[ "Yo Gotti", "Yo Gotti", "Yo Gotti", "Yo Gotti", "Yo Gotti" ]

[ "Nail art\nI am aware that you may not be a female, but if you are do you ever get your nails done?", "Yes there is! Its relaxing for me even though it can painful to my hands. Oh and my wallet. Haha. ", "What does a google wallet do? I have the apple wallet on my iphone but Im not fimiliar with the google one", "Oh I see. That does sound alot easier to do with wet nails then digging through an actual wallet" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Nail art __knowledge__ Nail art is a creative way to paint, decorate, enhance, and embellish the nails.", "Nail art __knowledge__ It is a type of artwork that can be done on fingernails and toenails, usually after manicures or pedicures.", "Nail art __knowledge__ A manicure and a pedicure are beauty treatments that trim, shape, and polish the nail.", "Nail art __knowledge__ Often these procedures remove the cuticles and soften the skin around the nails.", "Nail art __knowledge__ The exact origin of nail treatments is unclear, since it appears to have originated in different parts of the world around the same time.", "Nail art __knowledge__ In ancient Egypt, from 5000 B.C.", "Nail art __knowledge__ to 3000 B.C., women would dye their nails with henna to indicate social status and seductiveness.", "Nail art __knowledge__ Women of the lower class wore pastel and neutral shades, while the upper classes wore deep, bright shades.", "Nail art __knowledge__ In Babylonia, 3200 B.C., men, not women, painted their nails with black and green kohl, an ancient cosmetic.", "Nail art __knowledge__ To prepare for war, warriors of Babylon spent hours having their nails prepared, hair curled and had other similar beauty treatments.", "Nail art __knowledge__ As in ancient Egypt, nail color indicated one's status, black for noblemen and green for the common man.", "Nail art __knowledge__ Around the same time, 3000 B.C., the first nail polish originated in ancient China.", "Nail art __knowledge__ It was made from beeswax, egg whites, gelatin, vegetable dyes, and gum arabic.", "Artificial nails __knowledge__ Artificial nails, also known as fake nails, false nails, fashion nails, nail enhancements, nail wraps, or nail extensions, are coverings placed over fingernails as fashion accessories.", "Artificial nails __knowledge__ Some artificial nails attempt to mimic the appearance of real fingernails as closely as possible, while other designs may deliberately stray in appearance from real fingernails.", "Artificial nails __knowledge__ Artificial nails are made from a wide variety of materials.", "Artificial nails __knowledge__ Unlike most manicures, artificial nails require constant upkeep, and is recommended that you get a \"fill\" every 2 weeks.", "Artificial nails __knowledge__ The artificial nails are not a replacement, but an extension for natural nails.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Nine Inch Nails __knowledge__ Nine Inch Nails, commonly abbreviated as NIN (stylized as NIИ), is an American industrial band founded in 1988 by Trent Reznor in Cleveland, Ohio.", "Nine Inch Nails __knowledge__ The band released two influential albums during the 1990s—\"The Downward Spiral\" (1994) and \"The Fragile\" (1999)—and has record sales exceeding over 20 million copies worldwide, with 10 million sales certified in the United States alone.", "Nine Inch Nails __knowledge__ Despite its success, the band has had several feuds with the corporate side of the recording industry.", "Nine Inch Nails __knowledge__ The first was its notable conflict with TVT Records regarding the band's first album, \"Pretty Hate Machine\", which led Reznor to record his follow-up album in secrecy to avoid the label's influence.", "Whistle (While You Work It) __knowledge__ \"Whistle (While You Work It)\" is a song by British recording artist Katy Tiz.", "Whistle (While You Work It) __knowledge__ It was written by Tiz, Kinetics & One Love, and songwriter Emily Warren for Tiz's debut studio album.", "Whistle (While You Work It) __knowledge__ It was released onto iTunes on 10 February 2015.", "Whistle (While You Work It) __knowledge__ A Simlish (The language in most of \"The Sims\" games) version of the song was recorded and included in an expansion pack for \"The Sims 4\", titled \"\".", "Whistle (While You Work It) __knowledge__ The song is also featured in a commercial for the online retailer ShoeDazzle and the Philips Sonicare electric toothbrush.", "Whistle (While You Work It) __knowledge__ The song was also featured in an episode of the Netflix original series \"Girlboss\".", "Whistle (While You Work It) __knowledge__ Tiz said in an interview that she wrote the song about a darker period in her life where she felt like nothing was going her way, but her brother was there to tell her to chin up, keep moving, and never give up.", "Hooked: Muscle Women __knowledge__ Hooked: Muscle Women was a 2008 MSNBC documentary focused on professional female bodybuilding.", "Hooked: Muscle Women __knowledge__ The primary focuses of the documentary is on two International Federation of BodyBuilders (IFBB) pro bodybuilders, Colette Nelson and Kristy Hawkins and their competing in the 2008 Ms. International.", "Hooked: Muscle Women __knowledge__ The documentary also features Teresita Morales a World Natural Bodybuilding Federation (WNBF) pro natural female bodybuilder who competes in the 2008 World Championships.", "Hooked: Muscle Women __knowledge__ Kristy Hawkins, of Pasadena, California, is a 27-year-old professional female bodybuilder.", "Hooked: Muscle Women __knowledge__ Since she was 17 years old, she had competed as an amateur bodybuilder.", "Early Cornish texts __knowledge__ Specimens of Middle Cornish texts are given here in Cornish and English.", "Early Cornish texts __knowledge__ Both texts have been dated within the period 1370-1410 and the \"Charter Fragment\" is given in two Cornish orthographies.", "Early Cornish texts __knowledge__ (Earlier examples of written Cornish exist but these are the first in continuous prose or verse.)", "Early Cornish texts __knowledge__ It was not until the reign of Athelstan that the Cornish kings became subject to the rulers of Wessex: even so the border was established irrevocably on the east bank on the Tamar and in ecclesiastical matters Cornwall was added to the territory of the Bishops of Sherborne.", "Early Cornish texts __knowledge__ Under Canute it ceased to be subject to the King of England and only later, at an unknown date in Edward the Confessor's reign was annexed again.", "Nine Inch Nails live performances __knowledge__ Nine Inch Nails, an industrial rock band fronted by Trent Reznor, did various live performances throughout the world, including tours in North America, South America, Europe, Australia, and Asia.", "Nine Inch Nails live performances __knowledge__ While Reznor controls the creative and musical direction of Nine Inch Nails in-studio, the touring band performs different arrangements of the songs in live settings.", "Nine Inch Nails live performances __knowledge__ In addition to regular concerts, the band has performed in both supporting and headlining roles at festivals such as Woodstock '94, Lollapalooza 1991 and 2008, as well as many other one-off performances including the MTV Video Music Awards." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Nail art __knowledge__ Nail art is a creative way to paint, decorate, enhance, and embellish the nails.", "Nail art __knowledge__ It is a type of artwork that can be done on fingernails and toenails, usually after manicures or pedicures.", "Nail art __knowledge__ A manicure and a pedicure are beauty treatments that trim, shape, and polish the nail.", "Nail art __knowledge__ Often these procedures remove the cuticles and soften the skin around the nails.", "Nail art __knowledge__ The exact origin of nail treatments is unclear, since it appears to have originated in different parts of the world around the same time.", "Nail art __knowledge__ In ancient Egypt, from 5000 B.C.", "Nail art __knowledge__ to 3000 B.C., women would dye their nails with henna to indicate social status and seductiveness.", "Nail art __knowledge__ Women of the lower class wore pastel and neutral shades, while the upper classes wore deep, bright shades.", "Nail art __knowledge__ In Babylonia, 3200 B.C., men, not women, painted their nails with black and green kohl, an ancient cosmetic.", "Nail art __knowledge__ To prepare for war, warriors of Babylon spent hours having their nails prepared, hair curled and had other similar beauty treatments.", "Nail art __knowledge__ As in ancient Egypt, nail color indicated one's status, black for noblemen and green for the common man.", "Nail art __knowledge__ Around the same time, 3000 B.C., the first nail polish originated in ancient China.", "Nail art __knowledge__ It was made from beeswax, egg whites, gelatin, vegetable dyes, and gum arabic.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Ha Dong-hoon (; born on August 20, 1979), better known by his stage name Haha (), is a South Korean singer, variety show host and member of Skull & Haha.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He is best known for being in the sitcom, \"Nonstop\" and for co-hosting two popular variety programs, MBC's \"Infinite Challenge\" and SBS's \"Running Man\".", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He has also hosted his own show, titled \"Ya Man TV\" on Mnet in 2015.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Haha was born on August 20, 1979 in Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, West Germany and moved to Seoul, South Korea when he was an infant.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ His parents are both Korean, with his mother holding a doctorate in psychology, and he has an older sister, Ha Juri () who is a pianist, also with a doctorate.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters for the British television and radio sketch show \"Little Britain\" (and its American spin-off, \"Little Britain USA\").", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played By: David Walliams Appearances: Season 3 Alan works for the Donkey Hospice in the town of Achingballs.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ After contributors give him some money, he blatantly places stickers on embarrassing body parts, such as the genital region or breasts and on someone's rear in a deleted scene.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ He makes one appearance in Series 3.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played by: David Walliams Episodes: Radio Show; Season 1, episodes 4 and 5 Catchphrase: \"I love you Anne\" and \"I need you Anne\" Peter Andre is a royal BBC correspondent who gets sacked after first making surreal and false claims about the Royal Family (such as Prince Charles having magical powers, describing The Queen as \"The Main One\" and mistaking Princess Eugenie for her mother, Sarah, Duchess of York) and then expressing his love for Princess Anne through song.", "Google Wallet __knowledge__ Google Wallet is a peer-to-peer payments service developed by Google that allows people to send and receive money from a mobile device or desktop computer at no cost to either sender or receiver.", "Google Wallet __knowledge__ When set up, a Google Wallet account must be linked to an existing debit card or bank account in the United States or United Kingdom.", "Google Wallet __knowledge__ Google Wallet can be used through the Google Wallet app and Gmail.", "Google Wallet __knowledge__ The app is available for Android devices running Android 4.0 and above, and for iOS devices running iOS 7.0 and above.", "Google Wallet __knowledge__ Google Wallet also had NFC payment capabilities, until the creation of Android Pay.", "Google Wallet __knowledge__ The physical Google Wallet Card was an optional addition to the app which allowed users to make purchases at point-of-sale (in stores or online) drawing from funds in their Google Wallet account, attached debit card account, or bank account.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "O mein Papa __knowledge__ \"O mein Papa\" is a German song, as related by a young woman remembering her beloved, once-famous clown father.", "O mein Papa __knowledge__ It was written by Swiss composer Paul Burkhard in 1939 for the musical \"Der schwarze Hecht\" (\"The Black Pike\"), reproduced in 1950 as \"Das Feuerwerk\" (\"The Firework\") to a libretto by Erik Charell, Jürg Amstein, and Robert Gilbert.", "O mein Papa __knowledge__ In 1954, that musical was turned into the film \"Fireworks\" with Lilli Palmer.", "O mein Papa __knowledge__ \"Oh, mein Papa\", an instrumental version by trumpeter Eddie Calvert, topped the UK Singles Chart in 1954, and was also a Top 10 hit in the US.", "O mein Papa __knowledge__ It was adapted into English by John Turner and Geoffrey Parsons under the title \"Oh!", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The Texarkana Moonlight Murders, a term coined by the news media, references the unsolved murders committed in and around Texarkana in the spring of 1946 by an unidentified serial killer known as the \"Phantom Killer\", or \"Phantom Slayer\".", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The killer is credited with attacking eight people within ten weeks, five of whom were killed.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The attacks happened on weekends between February 22, 1946 and May 3, 1946.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The first two victims, Jimmy Hollis and Mary Larey, survived.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The first double murder, which involved Richard Griffin and Polly Ann Moore, happened four weeks later.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The second double-homicide, involving Paul Martin and Betty Jo Booker, occurred exactly three weeks from the first murders.", "Artificial nails __knowledge__ Artificial nails, also known as fake nails, false nails, fashion nails, nail enhancements, nail wraps, or nail extensions, are coverings placed over fingernails as fashion accessories.", "Artificial nails __knowledge__ Some artificial nails attempt to mimic the appearance of real fingernails as closely as possible, while other designs may deliberately stray in appearance from real fingernails.", "Artificial nails __knowledge__ Artificial nails are made from a wide variety of materials.", "Artificial nails __knowledge__ Unlike most manicures, artificial nails require constant upkeep, and is recommended that you get a \"fill\" every 2 weeks.", "Artificial nails __knowledge__ The artificial nails are not a replacement, but an extension for natural nails.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Medicare Part D __knowledge__ Medicare Part D, also called the Medicare prescription drug benefit, is a United States federal-government program to subsidize the costs of prescription drugs and prescription drug insurance premiums for Medicare beneficiaries.", "Medicare Part D __knowledge__ It was enacted as part of the Medicare Modernization Act of 2003 (which also made changes to the public Part C Medicare health plan program) and went into effect on January 1, 2006.", "Medicare Part D __knowledge__ Individuals on Medicare are eligible for prescription drug coverage under a Part D plan if they are signed up for benefits under Medicare Part A and/or Part B.", "Medicare Part D __knowledge__ Beneficiaries obtain the Part D drug benefit through two types of plans administered by private insurance companies: the beneficiaries can join a standalone Prescription Drug Plan (PDP) for drug coverage only or they can join a public Part C health plan that jointly covers all hospital and medical services covered by Medicare Part A and Part B at a minimum, and typically covers additional healthcare costs not covered by Medicare Parts A and B including prescription drugs (MA-PD).", "Whistle (While You Work It) __knowledge__ \"Whistle (While You Work It)\" is a song by British recording artist Katy Tiz.", "Whistle (While You Work It) __knowledge__ It was written by Tiz, Kinetics & One Love, and songwriter Emily Warren for Tiz's debut studio album.", "Whistle (While You Work It) __knowledge__ It was released onto iTunes on 10 February 2015.", "Whistle (While You Work It) __knowledge__ A Simlish (The language in most of \"The Sims\" games) version of the song was recorded and included in an expansion pack for \"The Sims 4\", titled \"\".", "Whistle (While You Work It) __knowledge__ The song is also featured in a commercial for the online retailer ShoeDazzle and the Philips Sonicare electric toothbrush.", "Whistle (While You Work It) __knowledge__ The song was also featured in an episode of the Netflix original series \"Girlboss\".", "Whistle (While You Work It) __knowledge__ Tiz said in an interview that she wrote the song about a darker period in her life where she felt like nothing was going her way, but her brother was there to tell her to chin up, keep moving, and never give up.", "Nine Inch Nails __knowledge__ Nine Inch Nails, commonly abbreviated as NIN (stylized as NIИ), is an American industrial band founded in 1988 by Trent Reznor in Cleveland, Ohio.", "Nine Inch Nails __knowledge__ The band released two influential albums during the 1990s—\"The Downward Spiral\" (1994) and \"The Fragile\" (1999)—and has record sales exceeding over 20 million copies worldwide, with 10 million sales certified in the United States alone.", "Nine Inch Nails __knowledge__ Despite its success, the band has had several feuds with the corporate side of the recording industry.", "Nine Inch Nails __knowledge__ The first was its notable conflict with TVT Records regarding the band's first album, \"Pretty Hate Machine\", which led Reznor to record his follow-up album in secrecy to avoid the label's influence.", "Hooked: Muscle Women __knowledge__ Hooked: Muscle Women was a 2008 MSNBC documentary focused on professional female bodybuilding.", "Hooked: Muscle Women __knowledge__ The primary focuses of the documentary is on two International Federation of BodyBuilders (IFBB) pro bodybuilders, Colette Nelson and Kristy Hawkins and their competing in the 2008 Ms. International.", "Hooked: Muscle Women __knowledge__ The documentary also features Teresita Morales a World Natural Bodybuilding Federation (WNBF) pro natural female bodybuilder who competes in the 2008 World Championships.", "Hooked: Muscle Women __knowledge__ Kristy Hawkins, of Pasadena, California, is a 27-year-old professional female bodybuilder.", "Hooked: Muscle Women __knowledge__ Since she was 17 years old, she had competed as an amateur bodybuilder.", "Standard German __knowledge__ Standard German (, , or ) is the standardized variety of the German language used in formal contexts, and for communication between different dialect areas.", "Standard German __knowledge__ It is a pluricentric Dachsprache with three codified (or \"standardized\") specific regional variants: German Standard German, Austrian Standard German, and Swiss Standard German.", "Standard German __knowledge__ Regarding the spelling and punctuation, a recommended standard is published by the Council for German Orthography which represents the governments of all majority and minority German-speaking countries and dependencies.", "Standard German __knowledge__ Adherence is obligatory not for everyday use but for government institutions including schools." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Nail art __knowledge__ Nail art is a creative way to paint, decorate, enhance, and embellish the nails.", "Nail art __knowledge__ It is a type of artwork that can be done on fingernails and toenails, usually after manicures or pedicures.", "Nail art __knowledge__ A manicure and a pedicure are beauty treatments that trim, shape, and polish the nail.", "Nail art __knowledge__ Often these procedures remove the cuticles and soften the skin around the nails.", "Nail art __knowledge__ The exact origin of nail treatments is unclear, since it appears to have originated in different parts of the world around the same time.", "Nail art __knowledge__ In ancient Egypt, from 5000 B.C.", "Nail art __knowledge__ to 3000 B.C., women would dye their nails with henna to indicate social status and seductiveness.", "Nail art __knowledge__ Women of the lower class wore pastel and neutral shades, while the upper classes wore deep, bright shades.", "Nail art __knowledge__ In Babylonia, 3200 B.C., men, not women, painted their nails with black and green kohl, an ancient cosmetic.", "Nail art __knowledge__ To prepare for war, warriors of Babylon spent hours having their nails prepared, hair curled and had other similar beauty treatments.", "Nail art __knowledge__ As in ancient Egypt, nail color indicated one's status, black for noblemen and green for the common man.", "Nail art __knowledge__ Around the same time, 3000 B.C., the first nail polish originated in ancient China.", "Nail art __knowledge__ It was made from beeswax, egg whites, gelatin, vegetable dyes, and gum arabic.", "Google Wallet __knowledge__ Google Wallet is a peer-to-peer payments service developed by Google that allows people to send and receive money from a mobile device or desktop computer at no cost to either sender or receiver.", "Google Wallet __knowledge__ When set up, a Google Wallet account must be linked to an existing debit card or bank account in the United States or United Kingdom.", "Google Wallet __knowledge__ Google Wallet can be used through the Google Wallet app and Gmail.", "Google Wallet __knowledge__ The app is available for Android devices running Android 4.0 and above, and for iOS devices running iOS 7.0 and above.", "Google Wallet __knowledge__ Google Wallet also had NFC payment capabilities, until the creation of Android Pay.", "Google Wallet __knowledge__ The physical Google Wallet Card was an optional addition to the app which allowed users to make purchases at point-of-sale (in stores or online) drawing from funds in their Google Wallet account, attached debit card account, or bank account.", "Softcard __knowledge__ JVL Ventures, LLC d/b/a Softcard formerly Isis Mobile Wallet, was a joint venture between AT&T, T-Mobile and Verizon which produced a mobile payments platform known as \"Softcard\", which used near-field communication (NFC) technology to allow users to pay for items at stores and restaurants with credit and debit card credentials stored on their smartphones.", "Softcard __knowledge__ The partnership was first announced on November 16, 2010; following a trial period in 2012, the service officially launched nationwide on November 14, 2013.", "Softcard __knowledge__ The official Softcard app was available for NFC-compatible smartphones using the Android operating system and later on Windows Phone 8.1.", "List of Google April Fools' Day jokes __knowledge__ Google frequently inserts jokes and hoaxes into its products on April Fools' Day, which takes place on April 1.", "List of Google April Fools' Day jokes __knowledge__ Google's first April Fools' Day hoax, the Mental flex hoax, invited users to project a mental image of what they wanted to find whilst staring at an animated GIF.", "List of Google April Fools' Day jokes __knowledge__ Several humorous error messages were then displayed on the search results page, all listed below: An additional error message was included which converted all navigation text to German, but was scrapped after user complaints.", "List of Google April Fools' Day jokes __knowledge__ Google reveals the technology behind its PageRank Systems—PigeonRank.", "List of Google April Fools' Day jokes __knowledge__ Google touts the benefits of this cost-effective and efficient means of ranking pages and reassures readers that there is no animal cruelty involved in the process.", "IPhone __knowledge__ iPhone ( ) is a line of smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone __knowledge__ They run Apple's iOS mobile operating system.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The first-generation iPhone was released on June 29, 2007, and there have been multiple new hardware iterations with new iOS releases since.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The user interface is built around the device's multi-touch screen, including a virtual keyboard.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The iPhone has Wi-Fi and can connect to cellular networks.", "IPhone __knowledge__ An iPhone can shoot video (though this was not a standard feature until the iPhone 3GS), take photos, play music, send and receive email, browse the web, send and receive text messages, follow GPS navigation, record notes, perform mathematical calculations, and receive visual voicemail.", "Vibes (company) __knowledge__ Vibes is a mobile marketing company that provides a variety of mobile marketing products and services, such as text message marketing (SMS/MMS), mobile wallet marketing, push notifications, and mobile web experiences.", "Vibes (company) __knowledge__ It is based in Chicago, Illinois.", "Vibes (company) __knowledge__ In 2011, Vibes coined the term \"Mobile Relationship Management,\" a framework to help marketers personalize mobile content for their customers.", "Vibes (company) __knowledge__ Vibes uses its platform Catapult to manage these relationships.", "Vibes (company) __knowledge__ In 2013, the company launched Wallet Manager, which lets company create and manage mobile wallet campaigns using Apple's Passbook and Google Wallet.", "Galaxy Nexus __knowledge__ The Galaxy Nexus (GT-I9250) is a touchscreen Android smartphone co-developed by Google and Samsung Electronics.", "Galaxy Nexus __knowledge__ It is the third smartphone in the Google Nexus series, a family of Android consumer devices built by an original equipment manufacturer partner.", "Galaxy Nexus __knowledge__ The phone is the successor to Google's previous flagship phones, the Nexus One and Nexus S. The Galaxy Nexus has a high-definition (1280 × 720) Super AMOLED display with a Dragontrail curved glass surface, an improved camera, and was the first Android version 4.0 Ice Cream Sandwich device.", "Galaxy Nexus __knowledge__ The name is the result of co-branding between the Samsung Galaxy and Google Nexus brands of Android smartphones.", "Apple Wallet __knowledge__ Apple Wallet (Wallet for short, formerly Passbook) is a mobile app included with the iOS operating system that allows users to store coupons, boarding passes, event tickets, store cards and (starting with iOS 8.1) credit cards, loyalty cards, and debit cards via Apple Pay.", "Apple Wallet __knowledge__ It was designed by Apple Inc. and was presented at the 2012 Apple Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC) on June 11, 2012.", "Apple Wallet __knowledge__ The app first appeared on iOS 6 on September 19, 2012.", "Apple Wallet __knowledge__ Wallet displays Aztec, PDF417 and QR 2D barcodes and Code 128 1D barcodes beginning with iOS 9.", "Apple Wallet __knowledge__ Each digital coupon or ticket is known as a \"pass\".", "Apple Wallet __knowledge__ When the user launches Wallet for the first time, a brief introduction screen appears with a button inviting users to browse apps on the App Store with Wallet integration.", "Android Pay __knowledge__ Android Pay is a digital wallet platform developed by Google to power in-app and tap-to-pay purchases on mobile devices, enabling users to make payments with Android phones, tablets or watches.", "Android Pay __knowledge__ Android Pay uses near field communication (NFC) to transmit card information facilitating funds transfer to the retailer.", "Android Pay __knowledge__ It replaces the credit or debit card chip and PIN or magnetic stripe transaction at point-of-sale terminals by allowing the user to upload these in the Android Pay wallet.", "Android Pay __knowledge__ It is similar to contactless payments already used in many countries, with the addition of two-factor authentication.", "Google __knowledge__ Google LLC is an American multinational technology company that specializes in Internet-related services and products, which include online advertising technologies, search engine, cloud computing, software, and hardware.", "Google __knowledge__ Google was founded in 1998 by Larry Page and Sergey Brin while they were Ph.D. students at Stanford University, California.", "Google __knowledge__ Together, they own about 14 percent of its shares and control 56 percent of the stockholder voting power through supervoting stock.", "Google __knowledge__ They incorporated Google as a privately held company on September 4, 1998.", "Google __knowledge__ An Initial public offering (IPO) took place on August 19, 2004, and Google moved to its new headquarters in Mountain View, California, nicknamed the Googleplex." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Nail art __knowledge__ Nail art is a creative way to paint, decorate, enhance, and embellish the nails.", "Nail art __knowledge__ It is a type of artwork that can be done on fingernails and toenails, usually after manicures or pedicures.", "Nail art __knowledge__ A manicure and a pedicure are beauty treatments that trim, shape, and polish the nail.", "Nail art __knowledge__ Often these procedures remove the cuticles and soften the skin around the nails.", "Nail art __knowledge__ The exact origin of nail treatments is unclear, since it appears to have originated in different parts of the world around the same time.", "Nail art __knowledge__ In ancient Egypt, from 5000 B.C.", "Nail art __knowledge__ to 3000 B.C., women would dye their nails with henna to indicate social status and seductiveness.", "Nail art __knowledge__ Women of the lower class wore pastel and neutral shades, while the upper classes wore deep, bright shades.", "Nail art __knowledge__ In Babylonia, 3200 B.C., men, not women, painted their nails with black and green kohl, an ancient cosmetic.", "Nail art __knowledge__ To prepare for war, warriors of Babylon spent hours having their nails prepared, hair curled and had other similar beauty treatments.", "Nail art __knowledge__ As in ancient Egypt, nail color indicated one's status, black for noblemen and green for the common man.", "Nail art __knowledge__ Around the same time, 3000 B.C., the first nail polish originated in ancient China.", "Nail art __knowledge__ It was made from beeswax, egg whites, gelatin, vegetable dyes, and gum arabic.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Nine Inch Nails __knowledge__ Nine Inch Nails, commonly abbreviated as NIN (stylized as NIИ), is an American industrial band founded in 1988 by Trent Reznor in Cleveland, Ohio.", "Nine Inch Nails __knowledge__ The band released two influential albums during the 1990s—\"The Downward Spiral\" (1994) and \"The Fragile\" (1999)—and has record sales exceeding over 20 million copies worldwide, with 10 million sales certified in the United States alone.", "Nine Inch Nails __knowledge__ Despite its success, the band has had several feuds with the corporate side of the recording industry.", "Nine Inch Nails __knowledge__ The first was its notable conflict with TVT Records regarding the band's first album, \"Pretty Hate Machine\", which led Reznor to record his follow-up album in secrecy to avoid the label's influence.", "Alot __knowledge__ Alot () is a town and nagar panchayat in the Ratlam district of Madhya Pradesh, India.", "Alot __knowledge__ Alot is located at .", "Alot __knowledge__ Alot has a population of 40,948.", "Alot __knowledge__ Alot is a tehsil place and a small town; it is a tahsil of Ratlam district and the hometown to Jangalwa Dynasty.", "Alot __knowledge__ It is on the route of the Delhi–Bombay railway track.", "Alot __knowledge__ Through trade routes Jewellers and Businessman established themselves in the town before the 17th century and flourished businesses in ginning and jewellery.", "Alot __knowledge__ A glimpse of the business lifestyle during that era can still be found in the historical town.", "Alot __knowledge__ Alot is a main station for Jain ; many Jain people go there daily for the darshan of Lord Jain Swetamber.", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ Ma'alot-Tarshiha (; , \"Maʻālūt Taršīḥā\") is a mixed city in the North District in Israel, some east of Nahariya, about above sea level.", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ The city was established in 1963 through a municipal merger of the Arab town of Tarshiha and the Jewish town of Ma'alot.", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ In the city has a population of .", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ Excavations of a 4th-century burial cave in the village unearthed a cross and a piece of glass engraved with a menorah.", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ Crusader sources from the 12th and 13th century refer to Tarshiha as \"Terschia,\" \"Torsia\" and \"Tersigha.\"", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ The King had initiated the settlement of Crusader (\"Latin\", \"Frankish\") people in nearby Mi'ilya (\"Castellum Regis\"), and from there settlement spread out to Tarshiha.", "Phillip Spaulding __knowledge__ Phillip Granville Spaulding is a fictional character from the CBS soap opera \"Guiding Light\", portrayed by Grant Aleksander.", "Phillip Spaulding __knowledge__ The character is the adopted son of business mogul, Alan Spaulding, and his first ex-wife, Elizabeth.", "Phillip Spaulding __knowledge__ Phillip has been portrayed by three different actors, with Aleksander the most notable.", "Phillip Spaulding __knowledge__ Aleksander joined the cast in 1982 and left in 1984.", "Phillip Spaulding __knowledge__ From 1985 to 1986, John Bolger played the role of Phillip.", "Phillip Spaulding __knowledge__ Grant Aleksander then returned and enjoyed a five-year run before leaving again in 1991.", "Phillip Spaulding __knowledge__ Five years later, in 1996, he returned and played the role until November 2004, when he was presumably shot dead.", "Music from Another Dimension! __knowledge__ Music from Another Dimension!", "Music from Another Dimension! __knowledge__ is the fifteenth studio album by American rock band Aerosmith, released on November 6, 2012 by Columbia Records.", "Music from Another Dimension! __knowledge__ This is their first studio album since 2004's \"Honkin' on Bobo\" and the first to feature all-new material since 2001's \"Just Push Play\", marking the longest gap between Aerosmith's studio albums.", "Music from Another Dimension! __knowledge__ The album was released in a single CD edition, along with a deluxe version.", "Music from Another Dimension! __knowledge__ It is the last album in Aerosmith's current recording contract with Sony/Columbia Records and was produced by Jack Douglas, Steven Tyler, Joe Perry and Marti Frederiksen (three tracks).", "Music from Another Dimension! __knowledge__ The album includes the singles, \"Legendary Child\", \"Lover Alot\", \"What Could Have Been Love\", and \"Can't Stop Lovin' You\".", "Ma'alot Dafna __knowledge__ Ma'alot Dafna () is an Israeli settlement and neighborhood in Jerusalem that sits partly in East Jerusalem and in a territory that was no man's land before the Six Day war.", "Ma'alot Dafna __knowledge__ It borders the neighborhood of Shmuel HaNavi to the west, Ammunition Hill to the east, Ramat Eshkol to the north and Arzei HaBira to the south.", "Ma'alot Dafna __knowledge__ The international community considers Israeli settlements in East Jerusalem illegal under international law, but the Israeli government disputes this.", "Ma'alot Dafna __knowledge__ Ma'alot Dafna was established in 1972 on the hillside through which Israeli troops in the Six Day War made their way from the Israeli neighborhood of Shmuel HaNavi to fight the Arab Legion troops at the Battle of Ammunition Hill.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of supporting characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ is a fictional character in the anime \"Tenchi Muyo!\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ OVA In the OVA, Katsuhito, also known as , fled Jurai over 700 years ago to \"retire\" on Earth.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ He was once the greatest swordsman on Jurai.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ Currently Katsuhito is a Shinto priest who is not only training Tenchi to be a Shinto priest but also training him in Jurai swordsmanship.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ Yōshō had a marriage arranged with half-sister Ayeka, but left.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ At the time, not all Juraians liked the idea of mixed blood heritages (he is part human, on his mother's side) and he used Ryōko's attack as an excuse to slip away to Earth.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Western Union __knowledge__ The Western Union Company is an American financial services and communications company.", "Western Union __knowledge__ Its headquarters is in Meridian, Colorado, although the postal designation of nearby Englewood is used in its mailing address.", "Western Union __knowledge__ Up until it discontinued the service in 2006, Western Union was the best-known U.S. company in the business of exchanging telegrams.", "Western Union __knowledge__ Western Union has several divisions, with products such as person-to-person money transfer, money orders, business payments and commercial services.", "Western Union __knowledge__ They offered standard \"Cablegrams\", as well as more cheerful products such as Candygrams, Dollygrams, and Melodygrams.", "Advance-fee scam __knowledge__ An advance-fee scam is a form of fraud and one of the most common types of confidence trick.", "Advance-fee scam __knowledge__ The scam typically involves promising the victim a significant share of a large sum of money, in return for a small up-front payment, which the fraudster requires in order to obtain the large sum.", "Advance-fee scam __knowledge__ If a victim makes the payment, the fraudster either invents a series of further fees for the victim or simply disappears.", "Advance-fee scam __knowledge__ According to the Federal Bureau of Investigation(FBI), \"An advance fee scheme occurs when the victim pays money to someone in anticipation of receiving something of greater value—such as a loan, contract, investment, or gift—and then receives little or nothing in return.\"", "Google Wallet __knowledge__ Google Wallet is a peer-to-peer payments service developed by Google that allows people to send and receive money from a mobile device or desktop computer at no cost to either sender or receiver.", "Google Wallet __knowledge__ When set up, a Google Wallet account must be linked to an existing debit card or bank account in the United States or United Kingdom.", "Google Wallet __knowledge__ Google Wallet can be used through the Google Wallet app and Gmail.", "Google Wallet __knowledge__ The app is available for Android devices running Android 4.0 and above, and for iOS devices running iOS 7.0 and above.", "Google Wallet __knowledge__ Google Wallet also had NFC payment capabilities, until the creation of Android Pay.", "Google Wallet __knowledge__ The physical Google Wallet Card was an optional addition to the app which allowed users to make purchases at point-of-sale (in stores or online) drawing from funds in their Google Wallet account, attached debit card account, or bank account.", "WeChat __knowledge__ WeChat () is a Chinese multi-purpose social media mobile application software developed by Tencent.", "WeChat __knowledge__ It was first released in 2011, and by 2017 it was one of the largest standalone mobile apps by monthly active users, with over 980 million monthly active users (902 million daily active users).", "WeChat __knowledge__ It has been called China's \"App For Everything\" and a \"Super App\" because of its wide range of functions and platforms.", "WeChat __knowledge__ In addition to China, it is also the most popular messaging app in Bhutan.", "WeChat __knowledge__ Wechat is known for its \"Mini Programs\" feature which incorporates many different functions and programs developed from Tencent and independent developers, and has been consistently updated.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that were introduced in CBBC's \"The Dumping Ground\".", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ The series is based on The Story of Tracy Beaker by Jacqueline Wilson.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ It has aired since 2013 and is currently airing the fifth series.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ The series follows \"The Story of Tracy Beaker\" that ran for five series from 2002 to 2005, and \"Tracy Beaker Returns\" that ran for three series from 2010 to 2012.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ Connor Byrne has played the role of Mike Milligan for all three programmes.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ Faith Davis is a resident of Elm Tree House and Ashdene Ridge during the first two series of \"The Dumping Ground\".", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ She is portrayed by Leanne Dunstan." ] ]

[ 16, 32, 14, 77 ]

[ "I am female! I love getting my nails done, there's so many different varieties of materials to choose from!", "Hahaha me too. It's been easier to pay for now that I have my google wallet though.", "It allows you to send money easily from person to person through your phone. That's how I pay my nail girl.", "Yep! As long as you have the new version of IoS!" ]

[ "Nail art", "Nail art", "Nail art", "Nail art" ]

[ "Jeopardy!\nI always remember watching Jeopardy anytime I was sick from school, but I stopped watching it lately.", "Damn that long ago? That's pretty crazy, they must've had many hosts then.", "Cool, what else do you know about it then?", "Ohh that's pretty interesting! Who is hosting the show now?", "That's surprising, I might have to start watching again." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ Jeopardy!", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ is an American television game show created by Merv Griffin.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ The show features a quiz competition in which contestants are presented with general knowledge clues in the form of answers, and must phrase their responses in the form of questions.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ The original daytime version debuted on NBC on March 30, 1964, and aired until January 3, 1975.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ A weekly nighttime syndicated edition aired from September 1974 to September 1975, and a revival, \"The All-New Jeopardy!", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ \", ran on NBC from October 1978 to March 1979.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ The current version, a daily syndicated show produced by Sony Pictures Television, premiered on September 10, 1984.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ Both NBC versions and the weekly syndicated version were hosted by Art Fleming.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ Don Pardo served as announcer until 1975, and John Harlan announced for the 1978–1979 show.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ Since its inception, the daily syndicated version has featured Alex Trebek as host and Johnny Gilbert as announcer.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ With over 7,000 episodes aired, the daily syndicated version of \"Jeopardy!\"", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ has won a record 33 Daytime Emmy Awards and is the only post-1960 game show to be honored with the Peabody Award.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ In 2013, the program was ranked No.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ 45 on \"TV Guide\"s list of the 60 greatest shows in American television history.", "Escape from Scorpion Island (series 3) __knowledge__ Escape from Scorpion Island is a Bafta nominated BBC children's TV adventure game show in which contestants compete to 'escape from an exotic island'.", "Escape from Scorpion Island (series 3) __knowledge__ Series 3 was produced by Foundation/Freehand for CBBC and the Australian Broadcasting Corporation.", "Escape from Scorpion Island (series 3) __knowledge__ Series three premiered on 5 April 2009 on CBBC and on 9 March 2009 on ABC1.", "Escape from Scorpion Island (series 3) __knowledge__ The series will often repeat on ABC3 along with Series two.", "Escape from Scorpion Island (series 3) __knowledge__ This series was hosted by JK and Joel.", "Escape from Scorpion Island (series 3) __knowledge__ This series was filmed at Mission Beach in far North Queensland (near Tully and Townsville) in 2008.", "Escape from Scorpion Island (series 3) __knowledge__ All episodes in this series were one hour long on Sundays at 9:00 am on CBBC.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ \"Regular Show\" is an American animated series created by J. G. Quintel.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ The series contains many characters, with seven main characters and various recurring and one-time characters.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai (voiced by J. G. Quintel) is a 5'10\" anthropomorphic blue jay (6' including the crest) who works as a groundskeeper at The Park.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ He has been best friends with Rigby ever since childhood, and together they are very lazy and constantly slack off at their jobs there.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai is more conscientious, mature, and moral about his actions than Rigby is, which sometimes leads to his opposing Rigby when he is the cause of some kind of chaotic problem.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "Rajahnate of Cebu __knowledge__ The Rajahnate of Cebu (Cebuano: \"Gingharian sa Sugbu\"; Filipino: \"Kaharian ng Cebu\"; Baybayin: ; Malay: \"Kerajaan Cebu\") was an Indianized monarchical polity on the island of Cebu in the Philippines prior to the arrival of the Spanish conquistadors.", "Rajahnate of Cebu __knowledge__ It was founded by Sri Lumay or Rajamuda Lumaya, a minor prince of the Chola dynasty which occupied Sumatra.", "Rajahnate of Cebu __knowledge__ He was sent by the Maharajah to establish a base for expeditionary forces, but he rebelled and established his own independent rajahnate.", "Rajahnate of Cebu __knowledge__ According to Visayan folklore, Sri Lumay was a half-Tamil & half-Malay from Sumatra, who settled in the Visayas, and had several sons.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of supporting characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ is a fictional character in the anime \"Tenchi Muyo!\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ OVA In the OVA, Katsuhito, also known as , fled Jurai over 700 years ago to \"retire\" on Earth.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ He was once the greatest swordsman on Jurai.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ Currently Katsuhito is a Shinto priest who is not only training Tenchi to be a Shinto priest but also training him in Jurai swordsmanship.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ Yōshō had a marriage arranged with half-sister Ayeka, but left.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ At the time, not all Juraians liked the idea of mixed blood heritages (he is part human, on his mother's side) and he used Ryōko's attack as an excuse to slip away to Earth." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ Jeopardy!", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ is an American television game show created by Merv Griffin.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ The show features a quiz competition in which contestants are presented with general knowledge clues in the form of answers, and must phrase their responses in the form of questions.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ The original daytime version debuted on NBC on March 30, 1964, and aired until January 3, 1975.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ A weekly nighttime syndicated edition aired from September 1974 to September 1975, and a revival, \"The All-New Jeopardy!", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ \", ran on NBC from October 1978 to March 1979.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ The current version, a daily syndicated show produced by Sony Pictures Television, premiered on September 10, 1984.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ Both NBC versions and the weekly syndicated version were hosted by Art Fleming.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ Don Pardo served as announcer until 1975, and John Harlan announced for the 1978–1979 show.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ Since its inception, the daily syndicated version has featured Alex Trebek as host and Johnny Gilbert as announcer.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ With over 7,000 episodes aired, the daily syndicated version of \"Jeopardy!\"", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ has won a record 33 Daytime Emmy Awards and is the only post-1960 game show to be honored with the Peabody Award.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ In 2013, the program was ranked No.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ 45 on \"TV Guide\"s list of the 60 greatest shows in American television history.", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ Flying Hawk (Oglala Lakota: \"Čhetáŋ Kiŋyáŋ\" in Standard Lakota Orthography; a/k/a Moses Flying Hawk; March 1854 – December 24, 1931) was an Oglala Lakota warrior, historian, educator and philosopher.", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ Flying Hawk's life chronicles the history of the Oglala Lakota people through the 19th and early 20th centuries, as he fought to deflect the worst effects of white rule; educate his people and preserve sacred Oglala Lakota land and heritage.", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ Chief Flying Hawk was a combatant in Red Cloud's War and in nearly all of the fights with the U.S. Army during the Great Sioux War of 1876.", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ He fought alongside his first cousin Crazy Horse and his brothers Kicking Bear and Black Fox II in the Battle of the Little Big Horn in 1876, and was present at the death of Crazy Horse in 1877 and the Wounded Knee Massacre of 1890.", "The Best Damn Sports Show Period __knowledge__ The Best Damn Sports Show Period is an American sports television show that aired on Fox Sports Net and Comcast SportsNet.", "The Best Damn Sports Show Period __knowledge__ The show regularly featured irreverent and opinionated interviews with top athletes, coaches, celebrities, and entertainers.", "The Best Damn Sports Show Period __knowledge__ It also aired \"Top 50\" countdown shows and other sports specialty shows.", "The Best Damn Sports Show Period __knowledge__ Since its debut on July 23, 2001, \"BDSSP\" welcomed thousands of guests and aired more than 1,300 episodes.", "The Best Damn Sports Show Period __knowledge__ The last original show aired June 30, 2009; however, FSN will tape a handful of \"Top 50\" specials.", "The Best Damn Sports Show Period __knowledge__ The show aired weeknights at 9 p.m. and 11 p.m. local time, usually after \"FSN Final Score\", or later if there was a local live sporting event that ran longer than expected, depending on the region and telecast schedule.", "List of Ben 10 villains __knowledge__ Below is a list of all the villains who appear in the \"Ben 10\" universe ranging from \"Ben 10\", \"\", \"\", \"\", and \"Ben 10 (Reboot)\".", "List of Ben 10 villains __knowledge__ Each of the villains has been sorted into the TV series that he or she debuted in.", "List of Ben 10 villains __knowledge__ Voiced by: Vilgax is a warlord who is Ben's first and most recurring nemesis through the series.", "List of Ben 10 villains __knowledge__ Being of the Chimera Sui Generis (named after the mythological Chimera) race, who are able to turn into giant squid-like creatures when exposed to water, Vilgax was exiled from his home world for being ruthless, cruel, and power hungry.", "List of Ben 10 villains __knowledge__ Soon after, Vilgax meets Maltruant as depicted in the Omniverse series finale which had him indirectly learn of the Omnitrix's existence when attacked by George Washington and a mysterious figure later revealed to be Ben.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Having reformed from his violent ways, Bigby (a.k.a.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ the Big Bad Wolf) became the cigarette-smoking, trench coat-clad sheriff of Fabletown.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is extremely cunning and resourceful, in addition to being an excellent detective.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Due to Snow White's possession of a lycanthropy-stained knife, he is now a werewolf and can change between wolf form, human form and an intermediate \"wolfman\" stage at will (in \"The Great Fables Crossover\", it is revealed that Bigby's nature as one of the North Wind's sons allows him to change forms at will).", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is the son of the North Wind, and, as such, has control over the lower-tier winds, plus the \"huff and puff\" of legend.", "Polka Dot Door __knowledge__ The Polka Dot Door was a Canadian children's television series which was produced by the Ontario Education Communications Authority (later known as TVOntario) from 1971 to 1993.", "Polka Dot Door __knowledge__ The series features two hosts who acknowledged and presented directly to the home viewing audience.", "Polka Dot Door __knowledge__ The content of the shows was generally geared towards education and creativity.", "Polka Dot Door __knowledge__ Each week of episodes focused on a single theme with each weekday assigned a different \"motif\" in which the theme was explored in different ways (For example, Tuesdays were \"Dress-Up Day\" in which the hosts would use costumes to explore the theme).", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the various characters throughout the Japanese tokusatsu series \"Garo\", not including the Horrors, a breed of demonic beings that make for most of the series antagonists.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ The various holders of the title are the main characters of the franchise, armed with the blade.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ The Garo title, based on the word for \"hope\" in the old Makai language, is traditionally associated with the Saezima family.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ For reasons yet to be explained, the man who takes the title of Garo is often regarded to be the strongest Knight, widely known throughout the Makai community.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ This is however, not a formal ranking in itself and no preferential treatment is given to the said Knight, as evident with Kouga in \"\" who was in service for years before being promoted to be a Knight serving under the Senate.", "Merv Griffin __knowledge__ Mervyn Edward \"Merv\" Griffin Jr. (July 6, 1925 – August 12, 2007) was an American television host and media mogul.", "Merv Griffin __knowledge__ He began his career as a radio and big band singer who went on to appear in film and on Broadway.", "Merv Griffin __knowledge__ From 1965 to 1986, Griffin hosted his own talk show, \"The Merv Griffin Show\".", "Merv Griffin __knowledge__ He also created the internationally popular game shows \"Jeopardy!\"", "Merv Griffin __knowledge__ and \"Wheel of Fortune\" through his television production companies, Merv Griffin Enterprises and Merv Griffin Entertainment.", "Merv Griffin __knowledge__ Griffin was born July 6, 1925, in San Mateo, California, to Mervyn Edward Griffin, Sr., a stockbroker, and Rita Elizabeth Griffin (née Robinson), a homemaker.", "Wheel of Fortune (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ Wheel of Fortune (often known simply as Wheel) is an American television game show created by Merv Griffin.", "Wheel of Fortune (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ The show features a competition in which contestants solve word puzzles, similar to those used in Hangman, to win cash and prizes determined by spinning a giant carnival wheel.", "Wheel of Fortune (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ \"Wheel\" premiered as a daytime series on NBC on January 6, 1975, and continued to air on the network until June 30, 1989.", "Wheel of Fortune (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ After some changes were made to its format, the daytime series returned on July 17, 1989 as part of CBS's daytime lineup.", "Wheel of Fortune (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ On January 14, 1991, \"Wheel\" moved back to NBC and aired on that network until it was cancelled on September 20, 1991.", "Merv Griffin Enterprises __knowledge__ Merv Griffin Enterprises was a television production company founded by Merv Griffin, in business for 30 years from 1964 to 1994.", "Merv Griffin Enterprises __knowledge__ The company was first established as Milbarn Productions in 1963 and later as Merv Griffin Productions on March 5, 1964.", "Merv Griffin Enterprises __knowledge__ Griffin's first production under the Milbarn name was \"Word for Word\".", "Merv Griffin Enterprises __knowledge__ Griffin's second game show was \"Jeopardy!\"", "Merv Griffin Enterprises __knowledge__ as Griffin's first production under the MGP name in 1964.", "Merv Griffin Enterprises __knowledge__ In 1965, his talk show \"The Merv Griffin Show\" returned to television.", "Merv Griffin Enterprises __knowledge__ Griffin also created the game show \"Shopper's Bazaar\", which was later changed to the famous name \"Wheel of Fortune\" in 1975 after \"Jeopardy!\"", "The Merv Griffin Show __knowledge__ The Merv Griffin Show is an American television talk show starring Merv Griffin.", "The Merv Griffin Show __knowledge__ The series ran from October 1, 1962 to March 29, 1963 on NBC, May 1965 to August 15, 1969 in first-run syndication, from August 18, 1969 to February 11, 1972 at 11:30 PM ET weeknights on CBS and again in first-run syndication from February 14, 1972 to September 5, 1986.", "The Merv Griffin Show __knowledge__ After a short run on NBC from October 1962 to March 1963, Merv Griffin launched a syndicated version of his talk show produced by Westinghouse (Group W) Broadcasting, which made its debut in May 1965.", "The Merv Griffin Show __knowledge__ Intended as a nighttime companion to \"The Mike Douglas Show\" and succeeding Steve Allen and Regis Philbin in the time slot, this version of the Griffin program aired in multiple time slots throughout North America (many stations ran it in the daytime, and other non-NBC affiliates broadcast it opposite \"The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson\").", "Jeopardy! broadcast information __knowledge__ Jeopardy!", "Jeopardy! broadcast information __knowledge__ is an American television quiz show created by Merv Griffin, in which contestants are presented with trivia clues in the form of answers and must phrase their responses in the form of a question.", "Jeopardy! broadcast information __knowledge__ The show has experienced a long life in several incarnations over the course of nearly a half-century, spending more than 11 years as a daytime network program and having currently run in syndication for 30 seasons.", "Jeopardy! broadcast information __knowledge__ It has also gained a worldwide following with a multitude of international adaptations.", "Jeopardy! broadcast information __knowledge__ The original \"Jeopardy!\"", "Jeopardy! broadcast information __knowledge__ series, hosted by Art Fleming, premiered at 11:30a.m.", "Jeopardy! broadcast information __knowledge__ Eastern (10:30 Central) on March 30, 1964, originating from the NBC headquarters in New York City's Rockefeller Center.", "Broadcast syndication __knowledge__ Broadcasting syndication is the license to broadcast television programs and radio programs by multiple television stations and radio stations, without going through a broadcast network.", "Broadcast syndication __knowledge__ It is common in the United States where broadcast programming is scheduled by television networks with local independent affiliates.", "Broadcast syndication __knowledge__ Syndication is less of a practice in the rest of the world, as most countries have centralized networks or television stations without local affiliates; although less common, shows can be syndicated internationally.", "Broadcast syndication __knowledge__ The three main types of syndication are \"first-run syndication\", which is programming that is broadcast for the first time as a syndicated show and is made specifically to sell directly into syndication; \"off-network syndication\", which is the licensing of a program that was originally run on network TV or, in some cases, first-run syndication (colloquially called a \"rerun\"); and \"public broadcasting syndication\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ Jeopardy!", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ is an American television game show created by Merv Griffin.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ The show features a quiz competition in which contestants are presented with general knowledge clues in the form of answers, and must phrase their responses in the form of questions.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ The original daytime version debuted on NBC on March 30, 1964, and aired until January 3, 1975.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ A weekly nighttime syndicated edition aired from September 1974 to September 1975, and a revival, \"The All-New Jeopardy!", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ \", ran on NBC from October 1978 to March 1979.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ The current version, a daily syndicated show produced by Sony Pictures Television, premiered on September 10, 1984.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ Both NBC versions and the weekly syndicated version were hosted by Art Fleming.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ Don Pardo served as announcer until 1975, and John Harlan announced for the 1978–1979 show.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ Since its inception, the daily syndicated version has featured Alex Trebek as host and Johnny Gilbert as announcer.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ With over 7,000 episodes aired, the daily syndicated version of \"Jeopardy!\"", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ has won a record 33 Daytime Emmy Awards and is the only post-1960 game show to be honored with the Peabody Award.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ In 2013, the program was ranked No.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ 45 on \"TV Guide\"s list of the 60 greatest shows in American television history.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ Coolness is an aesthetic of attitude, behavior, comportment, appearance and style which is generally admired.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ Because of the varied and changing connotations of cool, as well as its subjective nature, the word has no single meaning.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ It has associations of composure and self-control (cf.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ the OED definition) and often is used as an expression of admiration or approval.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ Although commonly regarded as slang, it is widely used among disparate social groups and has endured in usage for generations.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ There is no single concept of cool.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ One of the essential characteristics of cool is its mutability—what is considered cool changes over time and varies among cultures and generations.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ \"Regular Show\" is an American animated series created by J. G. Quintel.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ The series contains many characters, with seven main characters and various recurring and one-time characters.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai (voiced by J. G. Quintel) is a 5'10\" anthropomorphic blue jay (6' including the crest) who works as a groundskeeper at The Park.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ He has been best friends with Rigby ever since childhood, and together they are very lazy and constantly slack off at their jobs there.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai is more conscientious, mature, and moral about his actions than Rigby is, which sometimes leads to his opposing Rigby when he is the cause of some kind of chaotic problem.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "LL Cool J __knowledge__ James Todd Smith (born January 14, 1968), better known by his stage name LL Cool J (short for Ladies Love Cool James), is an American rapper, actor, author and entrepreneur from Queens, New York.", "LL Cool J __knowledge__ He is known for such hip hop hits as \"Going Back to Cali\", \"I'm Bad\", \"The Boomin' System\", \"Rock The Bells\" and \"Mama Said Knock You Out\", as well as romantic ballads such as \"Doin' It\", \"I Need Love\", \"Around the Way Girl\" and \"Hey Lover\".", "LL Cool J __knowledge__ LL Cool J has released 13 studio albums and two greatest hits compilations.", "LL Cool J __knowledge__ His twelfth album \"Exit 13\" (2008), was his last for his long-tenured deal with Def Jam Recordings.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Ek Tha Chandar Ek Thi Sudha (Hindi: एक था चन्दर एक थी सुधा English: One was Chander one was Sudha) is an Indian biopic television series, which premiered on 21 September 2015 and is broadcast on Life OK.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is produced by Garima Productions of Ashwni Dhir.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series airs on every Monday to Friday nights.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is a tragic love story and is a 20-episode series.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story of the series is based on Dharamvir Bharati’s iconic novel, \"Gunahon Ka Devta\".", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Rahil Azam and Umang Jain will play the male and female lead roles respectively.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story starts with an illustration that it is a story about love near Allahabad.", "Hip Hip Hurray (TV series) __knowledge__ Hip Hip Hurray is an Indian television series created and directed by Nupur Asthana that first aired on Zee TV channel from 21 August 1998 to 25 May 2001.", "Hip Hip Hurray (TV series) __knowledge__ The story is based on the lives of 12th grade students at the DeNobili High School and their adventures, their fears and hopes, and their relationships and interactions.", "Hip Hip Hurray (TV series) __knowledge__ Besides that, the story also focuses on issues pertinent for the younger generation such as dating, drugs, careers, health, exams, and causes, in a light-hearted manner.", "Hip Hip Hurray (TV series) __knowledge__ The first season of the series more focused on the stars where they were in school flitting through life with joys and sorrows of life as students.", "Wheel of Fortune (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ Wheel of Fortune (often known simply as Wheel) is an American television game show created by Merv Griffin.", "Wheel of Fortune (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ The show features a competition in which contestants solve word puzzles, similar to those used in Hangman, to win cash and prizes determined by spinning a giant carnival wheel.", "Wheel of Fortune (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ \"Wheel\" premiered as a daytime series on NBC on January 6, 1975, and continued to air on the network until June 30, 1989.", "Wheel of Fortune (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ After some changes were made to its format, the daytime series returned on July 17, 1989 as part of CBS's daytime lineup.", "Wheel of Fortune (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ On January 14, 1991, \"Wheel\" moved back to NBC and aired on that network until it was cancelled on September 20, 1991.", "The Price Is Right (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ The Price Is Right is an American television game show created by Bob Stewart, Mark Goodson and Bill Todman.", "The Price Is Right (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ The show revolves around contestants competing to identify accurate pricing of merchandise to win cash and prizes.", "The Price Is Right (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ Contestants are selected from the studio audience when the announcer proclaims the show's famous catchphrase, \"Come on down!\"", "The Price Is Right (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ The program premiered on September 4, 1972 on CBS.", "The Price Is Right (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ Bob Barker was the series' longest-running host from its 1972 debut until his retirement in June 2007, when Drew Carey took over.", "The Price Is Right (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ Barker was accompanied by a series of announcers, beginning with Johnny Olson, followed by Rod Roddy and then Rich Fields.", "Jeopardy! broadcast information __knowledge__ Jeopardy!", "Jeopardy! broadcast information __knowledge__ is an American television quiz show created by Merv Griffin, in which contestants are presented with trivia clues in the form of answers and must phrase their responses in the form of a question.", "Jeopardy! broadcast information __knowledge__ The show has experienced a long life in several incarnations over the course of nearly a half-century, spending more than 11 years as a daytime network program and having currently run in syndication for 30 seasons.", "Jeopardy! broadcast information __knowledge__ It has also gained a worldwide following with a multitude of international adaptations.", "Jeopardy! broadcast information __knowledge__ The original \"Jeopardy!\"", "Jeopardy! broadcast information __knowledge__ series, hosted by Art Fleming, premiered at 11:30a.m.", "Jeopardy! broadcast information __knowledge__ Eastern (10:30 Central) on March 30, 1964, originating from the NBC headquarters in New York City's Rockefeller Center.", "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ Who Wants to Be a Millionaire (often informally called Millionaire) is an American television game show based on the same-titled British program and developed for the United States by Michael Davies.", "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ The show features a quiz competition in which contestants attempt to win a top prize of $1,000,000 by answering a series of multiple-choice questions of increasing difficulty (although, for a time, most of the questions were of random difficulty).", "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ The program has endured as one of the longest-running and most successful international variants in the \"Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?\"", "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ franchise.", "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ The original U.S. version aired on ABC from August 16, 1999, to June 27, 2002, and was hosted by Regis Philbin.", "Match Game __knowledge__ Match Game is an American television panel game show that premiered on NBC in 1962 and was revived several times over the course of the next few decades.", "Match Game __knowledge__ The game featured contestants trying to come up with answers to fill-in-the-blank questions, with the object being to match answers given by celebrity panelists.", "Match Game __knowledge__ \"The Match Game\" in its original version ran on NBC's daytime lineup from 1962 until 1969.", "Match Game __knowledge__ The show returned with a significantly changed format in 1973 on CBS (also in daytime) and became a major success, with an expanded panel, larger cash payouts, and emphasis on humor.", "Match Game __knowledge__ The CBS series, referred to on air as \"Match Game 73\" to start and updated every new year, ran until 1979 on CBS, at which point it moved to first-run syndication (without the year attached to the title, as \"Match Game\") and ran for three more seasons, ending in 1982.", "Art Fleming __knowledge__ Arthur Fleming Fazzin (May 1, 1924 – April 25, 1995), better known as Art Fleming, was an American actor and television host.", "Art Fleming __knowledge__ He is most notable for being the original host of the television game show \"Jeopardy!", "Art Fleming __knowledge__ \", which aired on NBC from 1964 until 1975.", "Art Fleming __knowledge__ Fleming was born in New York City.", "Art Fleming __knowledge__ His parents, William and Marie Fazzin, had immigrated to the United States from Austria.", "Art Fleming __knowledge__ They were a popular dance team in Europe, who had brought their show to America.", "Art Fleming __knowledge__ Their son Art was a varsity letterman football player at James Monroe High School in New York City, standing 6 foot, 4 inches (1.93 m), weighing 220 pounds (99.79 kg)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ Jeopardy!", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ is an American television game show created by Merv Griffin.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ The show features a quiz competition in which contestants are presented with general knowledge clues in the form of answers, and must phrase their responses in the form of questions.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ The original daytime version debuted on NBC on March 30, 1964, and aired until January 3, 1975.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ A weekly nighttime syndicated edition aired from September 1974 to September 1975, and a revival, \"The All-New Jeopardy!", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ \", ran on NBC from October 1978 to March 1979.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ The current version, a daily syndicated show produced by Sony Pictures Television, premiered on September 10, 1984.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ Both NBC versions and the weekly syndicated version were hosted by Art Fleming.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ Don Pardo served as announcer until 1975, and John Harlan announced for the 1978–1979 show.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ Since its inception, the daily syndicated version has featured Alex Trebek as host and Johnny Gilbert as announcer.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ With over 7,000 episodes aired, the daily syndicated version of \"Jeopardy!\"", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ has won a record 33 Daytime Emmy Awards and is the only post-1960 game show to be honored with the Peabody Award.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ In 2013, the program was ranked No.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ 45 on \"TV Guide\"s list of the 60 greatest shows in American television history.", "List of Daredevil characters __knowledge__ \"Daredevil\" is an American web television series created for Netflix by Drew Goddard, based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name.", "List of Daredevil characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the films of the franchise, and is the first in a series of shows that will lead up to a Defenders crossover miniseries.", "List of Daredevil characters __knowledge__ The series stars Charlie Cox as Matt Murdock / Daredevil, as well as Deborah Ann Woll, Elden Henson, Rosario Dawson, and Vincent D'Onofrio.", "List of Daredevil characters __knowledge__ Toby Leonard Moore, Vondie Curtis-Hall, Bob Gunton, and Ayelet Zurer join them for the first season, while Jon Bernthal, Élodie Yung, and Stephen Rider join them for the second.", "Maria Bramsen __knowledge__ Maria Bramsen (born 1963) is a Danish singer, graphic designer and illustrator.", "Maria Bramsen __knowledge__ She is probably most widely known for her career as a vocalist for pop bands Tøsedrengene and Ray Dee Ohh.", "Maria Bramsen __knowledge__ Bramsen joined Tøsedrengene in 1981, barely at the age of 18, replacing vocalist Gitte Naur.", "Maria Bramsen __knowledge__ After Tøsedrengene's dissolution in 1986, she continued her career in the short-lived The Lejrbåls, before becoming vocalist in Ray Dee Ohh along with Caroline Henderson.", "Maria Bramsen __knowledge__ Since then, she has recorded several children's songs.", "Maria Bramsen __knowledge__ In 2000, she finished her education from the Danish Design School, and has provided graphic design for Audi and Nike.", "Ohh Nooo! Mr. Bill Presents __knowledge__ Ohh Nooo!", "Ohh Nooo! Mr. Bill Presents __knowledge__ Mr. Bill Presents is an American variety / sketch comedy television series created by Walter Williams, and stars Mr. Bill, Williams' character who was made popular on Saturday Night Live from 1976-1980.", "Ohh Nooo! Mr. Bill Presents __knowledge__ The series premiered on the Fox Family Channel on August 18, 1998, and lasted 42 hour-long episodes, concluding in 1999.", "Ohh Nooo! Mr. Bill Presents __knowledge__ \"Ohh Nooo!", "Ohh Nooo! Mr. Bill Presents __knowledge__ Mr. Bill Presents\" features, in addition to sketches starring Mr. Bill, sketches from various British comedies including: Mr. Bean, Hale and Pace, Russ Abbot, Freddie Starr, and The Baldy Man.", "Ohh Nooo! Mr. Bill Presents __knowledge__ Also featured were the classic Mr. Bill shorts from Saturday Night Live.", "Unknown Caller __knowledge__ \"Unknown Caller\" is a song by Irish rock band U2 and the fourth track on their 2009 album \"No Line on the Horizon\".", "Unknown Caller __knowledge__ It was written from the perspective of a drug addict, who begins to receive bizarre text messages on his cellphone.", "Unknown Caller __knowledge__ The song was developed very early during the \"No Line on the Horizon\" sessions, and was recorded in a single take.", "Unknown Caller __knowledge__ The \"No Line on the Horizon\" sessions began with two weeks of recording in Fez, Morocco.", "Unknown Caller __knowledge__ Recording took place in a rented courtyard of a hotel Riad, which the band turned into a makeshift recording studio.", "Unknown Caller __knowledge__ \"Unknown Caller\" was recorded in a single take in this time, along with the songs \"No Line on the Horizon\", \"Moment of Surrender\", and \"White as Snow\".", "Todd Manning __knowledge__ Thomas Todd Manning is a fictional character from the American daytime drama \"One Life to Live\" (\"OLTL\").", "Todd Manning __knowledge__ Created by writer Michael Malone, the role was originated in 1992 by actor Roger Howarth.", "Todd Manning __knowledge__ Todd was a college student and fraternity brother to Kevin Buchanan, Zach Rosen, and Powell Lord.", "Todd Manning __knowledge__ In 1993, following a storyline in which he becomes acquainted with Marty Saybrooke, he initiates a gang rape on her with the help of Zach and Powell.", "Todd Manning __knowledge__ The storyline was considered groundbreaking by television critics.", "Todd Manning __knowledge__ Its main players—Howarth, Susan Haskell (Marty), and Hillary B. Smith (Todd's lawyer Nora Hanen)—won Emmys in 1994, as did Malone and his writing team.", "With or Without You __knowledge__ \"With or Without You\" is a song by Irish rock band U2.", "With or Without You __knowledge__ It is the third track from their fifth studio album, \"The Joshua Tree\" (1987), and was released as the album's lead single on 16 March 1987.", "With or Without You __knowledge__ The song was the group's most successful single at the time, becoming their first number-one hit in both the United States and Canada by topping the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 for three weeks and the \"RPM\" national singles chart for one week, with a further three weeks at number two.", "With or Without You __knowledge__ \"With or Without You\" features sustained guitar parts played by guitarist the Edge with a prototype of the Infinite Guitar, along with vocals by lead singer Bono and a bassline by bassist Adam Clayton.", "Blaqkout __knowledge__ Blaqkout (stylized as \"BlaQKout\") is a collaboration album by rapper/record producer DJ Quik and rapper Kurupt.", "Blaqkout __knowledge__ It is completely produced by DJ Quik.", "Blaqkout __knowledge__ The album debuted at #61 on the Billboard 200, selling 10,000 copies its first week.", "Blaqkout __knowledge__ While putting the finishing touches on Snoop Dogg’s acclaimed \"Ego Trippin\" album in early 2008, DJ Quik had an idea.", "Blaqkout __knowledge__ The rapper-producer-musician-entrepreneur wanted to do a full-length album with Kurupt, the Dogg Pound member and Snoop Dogg affiliated-rapper he’d known since Death Row Records’ mid-1990s heyday and had worked with sparingly over the years.", "Blaqkout __knowledge__ The inspiritation for the name of the album was taken from the Method Man & Redman collaborational albums \"Blackout!\"", "Wheel of Fortune (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ Wheel of Fortune (often known simply as Wheel) is an American television game show created by Merv Griffin.", "Wheel of Fortune (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ The show features a competition in which contestants solve word puzzles, similar to those used in Hangman, to win cash and prizes determined by spinning a giant carnival wheel.", "Wheel of Fortune (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ \"Wheel\" premiered as a daytime series on NBC on January 6, 1975, and continued to air on the network until June 30, 1989.", "Wheel of Fortune (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ After some changes were made to its format, the daytime series returned on July 17, 1989 as part of CBS's daytime lineup.", "Wheel of Fortune (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ On January 14, 1991, \"Wheel\" moved back to NBC and aired on that network until it was cancelled on September 20, 1991.", "List of Jeopardy! tournaments and events __knowledge__ \"Jeopardy!\"", "List of Jeopardy! tournaments and events __knowledge__ is an American television quiz show created by Merv Griffin, in which contestants are presented with clues in the form of answers and must phrase their responses in the form of questions.", "List of Jeopardy! tournaments and events __knowledge__ Over the years, the show has featured many tournaments and special events since Alex Trebek became host in 1984.", "List of Jeopardy! tournaments and events __knowledge__ Starting in 1985, the daily syndicated version of \"Jeopardy!\"", "List of Jeopardy! tournaments and events __knowledge__ has conducted a regular tournament called the \"Tournament of Champions\", featuring the most successful champions and other big winners who have appeared on the show since the last tournament.", "List of Jeopardy! tournaments and events __knowledge__ Carried over from the original \"Jeopardy!\"", "Card Sharks __knowledge__ Card Sharks is an American television game show created by Chester Feldman for Mark Goodson-Bill Todman Productions.", "Card Sharks __knowledge__ Based on the card game Acey Deucey, the game has two contestants compete for control of a row of oversized playing cards by answering questions posed by the host and then guessing if the next card is higher or lower in value than the previous one.", "Card Sharks __knowledge__ The concept has been made into a series four separate times since its debut in 1978, and also appeared as part of CBS's \"Gameshow Marathon\".", "Card Sharks __knowledge__ The show originally ran on NBC from 1978 to 1981 with Jim Perry hosting; a revival ran from 1986 to 1989 on CBS with Bob Eubanks as host, accompanied by another version in syndication with Bill Rafferty.", "Match Game __knowledge__ Match Game is an American television panel game show that premiered on NBC in 1962 and was revived several times over the course of the next few decades.", "Match Game __knowledge__ The game featured contestants trying to come up with answers to fill-in-the-blank questions, with the object being to match answers given by celebrity panelists.", "Match Game __knowledge__ \"The Match Game\" in its original version ran on NBC's daytime lineup from 1962 until 1969.", "Match Game __knowledge__ The show returned with a significantly changed format in 1973 on CBS (also in daytime) and became a major success, with an expanded panel, larger cash payouts, and emphasis on humor.", "Match Game __knowledge__ The CBS series, referred to on air as \"Match Game 73\" to start and updated every new year, ran until 1979 on CBS, at which point it moved to first-run syndication (without the year attached to the title, as \"Match Game\") and ran for three more seasons, ending in 1982.", "Johnny Gilbert __knowledge__ John L. Gilbert III (born July 13, 1924) is an American show business personality who has worked mainly on television game shows.", "Johnny Gilbert __knowledge__ Originally a nightclub singer and entertainer, he has hosted and announced a number of game shows from various eras, dating as far back as the 1950s.", "Johnny Gilbert __knowledge__ He is known primarily for his work as the announcer and audience host for the syndicated version of the quiz show \"Jeopardy!\".", "Johnny Gilbert __knowledge__ Gilbert was born in Newport News, Virginia.", "Johnny Gilbert __knowledge__ He began performing by singing as a boy in his hometown Lutheran Church choir.", "Johnny Gilbert __knowledge__ Although his parents had never worked in the theatrical profession themselves, his grandmother had been a church singer.", "Family Feud __knowledge__ Family Feud is an American television game show created by Mark Goodson where two families compete to name the most popular responses to survey questions in order to win cash and prizes.", "Family Feud __knowledge__ It is considered a spin-off of \"Match Game\", whose panel included original host Richard Dawson.", "Family Feud __knowledge__ The program premiered on ABC on July 12, 1976, and ran as part of its daytime schedule until June 14, 1985.", "Family Feud __knowledge__ The program was re-launched by CBS on July 4, 1988, and ran until September 10, 1993.", "Family Feud __knowledge__ Three separate editions for syndication were also produced.", "Family Feud __knowledge__ The first aired from September 19, 1977, to September 6, 1985.", "Family Feud __knowledge__ The second aired from September 19, 1988, to September 8, 1995." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ Jeopardy!", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ is an American television game show created by Merv Griffin.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ The show features a quiz competition in which contestants are presented with general knowledge clues in the form of answers, and must phrase their responses in the form of questions.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ The original daytime version debuted on NBC on March 30, 1964, and aired until January 3, 1975.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ A weekly nighttime syndicated edition aired from September 1974 to September 1975, and a revival, \"The All-New Jeopardy!", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ \", ran on NBC from October 1978 to March 1979.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ The current version, a daily syndicated show produced by Sony Pictures Television, premiered on September 10, 1984.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ Both NBC versions and the weekly syndicated version were hosted by Art Fleming.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ Don Pardo served as announcer until 1975, and John Harlan announced for the 1978–1979 show.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ Since its inception, the daily syndicated version has featured Alex Trebek as host and Johnny Gilbert as announcer.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ With over 7,000 episodes aired, the daily syndicated version of \"Jeopardy!\"", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ has won a record 33 Daytime Emmy Awards and is the only post-1960 game show to be honored with the Peabody Award.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ In 2013, the program was ranked No.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ 45 on \"TV Guide\"s list of the 60 greatest shows in American television history.", "Waspinator __knowledge__ Waspinator is the name of four fictional characters from the Transformers franchise.", "Waspinator __knowledge__ He is sometimes called Wasp.", "Waspinator __knowledge__ The original Waspinator was voiced by Scott McNeil in the \"\" animated series.", "Waspinator __knowledge__ Waspinator, later called Thrust, is best remembered for being the universe's whipping boy: getting destroyed or demolished in almost every episode of \"Beast Wars\", yet returning in almost perfect condition in the very next episode.", "Waspinator __knowledge__ He is also dim-witted, talks in a broken third-person speech pattern, often referring to other characters, except Megatron, Optimus Primal, and himself, (however when Megatron became a dragon, Waspinator referred to him as \"Dragon-Bot\") by names that reflected their transformation modes instead of their true names (example: referring to Silverbolt as \"Doggy-Bot\") and spent most of the series as an underdog, causing him to take constant abuse from Maximal and Predacon alike (thus summing up Waspinator's most well-known line \"\"Why universe hate Waspinator?!\"\")", "Predacon __knowledge__ The Predacons are usually depicted as antagonists in the fictional universes of the \"Transformers\" storyline and related comics and cartoons.", "Predacon __knowledge__ Usually, they have a relation to the Decepticons, the more prominent antagonists of the series, be they a subgroup, their successors, or even their creators.", "Predacon __knowledge__ They are the enemies of the Maximals and even sometimes their predecessors, the Autobots, depending on the continuity.", "Predacon __knowledge__ The villains take many forms, and have many different origins and stories across the numerous different Transformers media, but in almost all incarnations, they are led by a character who is either Megatron (the original or an entirely separate character who took his name), or Predaking, an ancient Predacon leader.", "Beast Machines: Transformers __knowledge__ Beast Machines: Transformers is an American-Canadian animated television series produced by Mainframe Entertainment.", "Beast Machines: Transformers __knowledge__ Hasbro has the full distribution rights to the show as of 2011.", "Beast Machines: Transformers __knowledge__ It was a direct sequel to \"\", taking place within the continuity of the original .", "Beast Machines: Transformers __knowledge__ The show ran for two seasons, airing on YTV and Fox Kids from 1999 to 2000.", "Beast Machines: Transformers __knowledge__ Of the Transformers animated series produced in North America, \"Beast Machines\" was the only one to have been completely conceptualized and outlined in advance, lending it a more serialized and linear storyline than the others.", "Beast Machines: Transformers __knowledge__ Prior to \"\" in 2010, Beast Machines was also the last, and second only entirely computer-animated Transformers series produced, along with its predecessor Beast Wars.", "Mirage (Transformers) __knowledge__ Mirage is the name of several fictional characters from the \"Transformers\" series.", "Mirage (Transformers) __knowledge__ Mirage is one of the most re-used names in the Transformers series, and is almost entirely synonymous with characters possessing Formula One racing car alternate modes.", "Mirage (Transformers) __knowledge__ The first Mirage was introduced in 1984 as an Autobot spy.", "Mirage (Transformers) __knowledge__ Some might say that Mirage (Ligier in Japan, Mistero in Italy, Miragem in Portugal) was created with a silver sparkplug in his mouth.", "Mirage (Transformers) __knowledge__ On Cybertron, he was one of the planet’s elite upper class, preferring to spend his days hunting turbo-foxes instead of involving himself in conflict.", "Mirage (Transformers) __knowledge__ When that became unavoidable, Mirage enlisted with the Autobot forces, although he is often unsure about his motivations for doing so, which leaves his fellow Autobots finding it hard to trust him – a problem not helped by the fact that Mirage can rarely hide that he is often unwilling to fight directly, or his contempt for the “commoners” he is now forced to interact with.", "The Grand Design (book) __knowledge__ The Grand Design is a popular-science book written by physicists Stephen Hawking and Leonard Mlodinow and published by Bantam Books in 2010.", "The Grand Design (book) __knowledge__ The book examines the history of scientific knowledge about the universe and explains 11 dimension M-theory.", "The Grand Design (book) __knowledge__ The authors of the book point out that a Unified Field Theory (a theory, based on an early model of the universe, proposed by Albert Einstein and other physicists) may not exist.", "The Grand Design (book) __knowledge__ It argues that invoking God is not necessary to explain the origins of the universe, and that the Big Bang is a consequence of the laws of physics alone.", "The Grand Design (book) __knowledge__ In response to criticism, Hawking has said; \"One can't prove that God doesn't exist, but science makes God unnecessary.\"", "BBC iPlayer __knowledge__ BBC iPlayer is an internet streaming, catchup, television and radio service from the BBC.", "BBC iPlayer __knowledge__ The service is available on a wide range of devices, including mobile phones and tablets, personal computers, and smart televisions.", "BBC iPlayer __knowledge__ iPlayer services delivered to UK based viewers feature no commercial advertising; non-UK users receive adverts.", "BBC iPlayer __knowledge__ The terms BBC iPlayer, iPlayer, and BBC Media Player refer to various methods for viewing or listening to the same content.", "BBC iPlayer __knowledge__ Viewing live television broadcasts from any UK broadcaster, or BBC TV catch-up or on demand programmes, in the UK without a TV licence is a criminal offence.", "Shockwave (Transformers) __knowledge__ Shockwave is the name of several fictional characters in the Transformers franchise.", "Shockwave (Transformers) __knowledge__ Throughout his incarnations, he is usually distinguished by a laser cannon instead of one of his hands and his distinctive face, which is featureless save for a single robotic eye.", "Shockwave (Transformers) __knowledge__ He is also commonly portrayed as a cold, emotionless Decepticon that serves as Megatron's \"mad scientist\".", "Shockwave (Transformers) __knowledge__ Due to issues with Hasbro's trademark of the name Shockwave, some products were also released under the name Shockblast or \"Shockblast the Great\".", "Shockwave (Transformers) __knowledge__ As the Decepticons' military operations commander, Shockwave's power is second only to Megatron, and even that is disputed.", "Alex Trebek __knowledge__ George Alexander \"Alex\" Trebek (; born July 22, 1940) is a Canadian-American television personality.", "Alex Trebek __knowledge__ He has been the host of the syndicated game show \"Jeopardy!\"", "Alex Trebek __knowledge__ since it was revived in 1984, and has also hosted a number of other game shows, including \"The Wizard of Odds\", \"Double Dare\", \"High Rollers\", \"Battlestars\", \"Classic Concentration\" and \"To Tell the Truth\".", "Alex Trebek __knowledge__ Trebek has made appearances in numerous television series, usually portraying himself.", "Alex Trebek __knowledge__ A native of Canada, he became a naturalized United States citizen in 1998.", "Alex Trebek __knowledge__ Trebek is signed as a host of \"Jeopardy!\"", "Alex Trebek __knowledge__ until 2020.", "Alex Trebek __knowledge__ Trebek was born in Sudbury, Ontario, Canada, in 1940, the son of George Edward Trebek, a chef who had emigrated from Ukraine as a child (and also spent his formative years in Japan, inspiring Alex's second nickname, Sai), and Lucille Lagacé (born April 14, 1921), a Franco-Ontarian.", "Celebrity Jeopardy! (Saturday Night Live) __knowledge__ Celebrity Jeopardy!", "Celebrity Jeopardy! (Saturday Night Live) __knowledge__ is a series of sketches that aired regularly on the television comedy/variety show \"Saturday Night Live\" between 1996 and 2002, the years when Will Ferrell was a cast member.", "Celebrity Jeopardy! (Saturday Night Live) __knowledge__ It parodies the same-named special event on the television quiz show \"Jeopardy!\"", "Celebrity Jeopardy! (Saturday Night Live) __knowledge__ that features competition between notable individuals with all winnings going towards charitable organizations, and significant reductions to the game's level of difficulty.", "Celebrity Jeopardy! (Saturday Night Live) __knowledge__ Fifteen sketches aired between December 1996 and February 2015: two sketches per season from 1996 to 2002, when Ferrell was a regular on the show; and one each in 2005 and 2009, when Ferrell returned to the show as host.", "Merv Griffin __knowledge__ Mervyn Edward \"Merv\" Griffin Jr. (July 6, 1925 – August 12, 2007) was an American television host and media mogul.", "Merv Griffin __knowledge__ He began his career as a radio and big band singer who went on to appear in film and on Broadway.", "Merv Griffin __knowledge__ From 1965 to 1986, Griffin hosted his own talk show, \"The Merv Griffin Show\".", "Merv Griffin __knowledge__ He also created the internationally popular game shows \"Jeopardy!\"", "Merv Griffin __knowledge__ and \"Wheel of Fortune\" through his television production companies, Merv Griffin Enterprises and Merv Griffin Entertainment.", "Merv Griffin __knowledge__ Griffin was born July 6, 1925, in San Mateo, California, to Mervyn Edward Griffin, Sr., a stockbroker, and Rita Elizabeth Griffin (née Robinson), a homemaker.", "Merchandise based on Jeopardy! __knowledge__ Jeopardy!", "Merchandise based on Jeopardy! __knowledge__ is an American television quiz show created by Merv Griffin, in which contestants are presented with clues in the form of answers, and must phrase their responses in the form of a question.", "Merchandise based on Jeopardy! __knowledge__ Over the years, the show has expanded its brand beyond television and been licensed into products of various formats.", "Merchandise based on Jeopardy! __knowledge__ In 1990, host Alex Trebek co-authored \"The Jeopardy!", "Merchandise based on Jeopardy! __knowledge__ Book\" along with Peter Barsocchini, which included boards from some of their past tournament games as well as boards specializing in some of the show's various categories.", "Merchandise based on Jeopardy! __knowledge__ (Trebek also voiced the audiobook, which featured the \"behind the scenes\" material on tape one, and audio versions of select games from the book on tape two.)", "List of Jeopardy! tournaments and events __knowledge__ \"Jeopardy!\"", "List of Jeopardy! tournaments and events __knowledge__ is an American television quiz show created by Merv Griffin, in which contestants are presented with clues in the form of answers and must phrase their responses in the form of questions.", "List of Jeopardy! tournaments and events __knowledge__ Over the years, the show has featured many tournaments and special events since Alex Trebek became host in 1984.", "List of Jeopardy! tournaments and events __knowledge__ Starting in 1985, the daily syndicated version of \"Jeopardy!\"", "List of Jeopardy! tournaments and events __knowledge__ has conducted a regular tournament called the \"Tournament of Champions\", featuring the most successful champions and other big winners who have appeared on the show since the last tournament.", "List of Jeopardy! tournaments and events __knowledge__ Carried over from the original \"Jeopardy!\"", "Ken Jennings __knowledge__ During his first run of \"Jeopardy!\"", "Ken Jennings __knowledge__ appearances, Jennings earned the record for the highest American game show winnings.", "Ken Jennings __knowledge__ His total was surpassed by Brad Rutter, who defeated Jennings in the finals of the \"Jeopardy!\"", "Ken Jennings __knowledge__ Ultimate Tournament of Champions (first aired on May 25, 2005), adding $2,000,000 to Rutter's existing \"Jeopardy!\"", "Ken Jennings __knowledge__ winnings.", "Ken Jennings __knowledge__ Jennings regained the record after appearing on several other game shows, culminating in an appearance on \"Are You Smarter Than a 5th Grader?\"", "Ken Jennings __knowledge__ (first aired on October 10, 2008), though Rutter retained the record for highest \"Jeopardy!\"", "Ken Jennings __knowledge__ winnings and once again passed Jennings' total after his victory in the 2014 \"Jeopardy\" Battle of the Decades tournament." ] ]

[ 2, 8, 10, 0, 12 ]

[ "I was just watching Jeopardy earlier. It was created by Merv Griffin back in 64'.", "Both NBC versions and a weekly syndicated version used to be hosted by Art Fleming.", "Well since it's inception the daily syndicated version has featured Alex Trebek as the host and Johnny Gilbert as the shows announcer.", "Alex Trebek is still hosting. I actually just saw him earlier. Still looks great after all these years.", "You totally should! It's won a record 33 Daytime Emmy Awards and is the only post-1960 game show to be honored with a Peabody." ]

[ "Jeopardy!", "Jeopardy!", "Jeopardy!", "Jeopardy!", "Jeopardy!" ]

[ "Archaeology", "I am not good with geography. Tell me more about it", "Where are they recorded so as to keep the records over a long time?", "I thought anthropology is the study of living things." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Archaeology __knowledge__ Archaeology, or archeology, is the study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture.", "Archaeology __knowledge__ The archaeological record consists of artifacts, architecture, biofacts or ecofacts, and cultural landscapes.", "Archaeology __knowledge__ Archaeology can be considered both a social science and a branch of the humanities.", "Archaeology __knowledge__ In North America, archaeology is considered a sub-field of anthropology, while in Europe archaeology is often viewed as either a discipline in its own right or a sub-field of other disciplines.", "Archaeology __knowledge__ Archaeologists study human prehistory and history, from the development of the first stone tools at Lomekwi in East Africa 3.3 million years ago up until recent decades.", "Archaeology __knowledge__ Archaeology as a field is distinct from the discipline of palaeontology, the study of fossil remains.", "Archaeology __knowledge__ Archaeology is particularly important for learning about prehistoric societies, for whom there may be no written records to study.", "Archaeology __knowledge__ Prehistory includes over 99% of the human past, from the Paleolithic until the advent of literacy in societies across the world.", "Archaeology __knowledge__ Archaeology has various goals, which range from understanding culture history to reconstructing past lifeways to documenting and explaining changes in human societies through time." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Archaeology __knowledge__ Archaeology, or archeology, is the study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture.", "Archaeology __knowledge__ The archaeological record consists of artifacts, architecture, biofacts or ecofacts, and cultural landscapes.", "Archaeology __knowledge__ Archaeology can be considered both a social science and a branch of the humanities.", "Archaeology __knowledge__ In North America, archaeology is considered a sub-field of anthropology, while in Europe archaeology is often viewed as either a discipline in its own right or a sub-field of other disciplines.", "Archaeology __knowledge__ Archaeologists study human prehistory and history, from the development of the first stone tools at Lomekwi in East Africa 3.3 million years ago up until recent decades.", "Archaeology __knowledge__ Archaeology as a field is distinct from the discipline of palaeontology, the study of fossil remains.", "Archaeology __knowledge__ Archaeology is particularly important for learning about prehistoric societies, for whom there may be no written records to study.", "Archaeology __knowledge__ Prehistory includes over 99% of the human past, from the Paleolithic until the advent of literacy in societies across the world.", "Archaeology __knowledge__ Archaeology has various goals, which range from understanding culture history to reconstructing past lifeways to documenting and explaining changes in human societies through time.", "History of geography __knowledge__ The history of geography includes many histories of geography which have differed over time and between different cultural and political groups.", "History of geography __knowledge__ In more recent developments, geography has become a distinct academic discipline.", "History of geography __knowledge__ 'Geography' derives from the Greek – \"geographia\", a literal translation of which would be \"\"to describe or write about the Earth\"\".", "History of geography __knowledge__ The first person to use the word \"geography\" was Eratosthenes (276–194 BC).", "History of geography __knowledge__ However, there is evidence for recognizable practices of geography, such as cartography (or map-making) prior to the use of the term geography.", "History of geography __knowledge__ The known world of Ancient Egypt saw the Nile as the centre, and the world as based upon \"the\" river.", "Geography __knowledge__ Geography (from Greek , \"geographia\", literally \"earth description\") is a field of science devoted to the study of the lands, the features, the inhabitants, and the phenomena of Earth.", "Geography __knowledge__ The first person to use the word \"γεωγραφία\" was Eratosthenes (276–194 BC).", "Geography __knowledge__ Geography is an all-encompassing discipline that seeks an understanding of the Earth and its human and natural complexities—not merely where objects are, but how they have changed and come to be.", "Geography __knowledge__ Geography is often defined in terms of the two branches of human geography and physical geography.", "Geography __knowledge__ Human geography deals with the study of people and their communities, cultures, economies and interactions with the environment by studying their relations with and across space and place.", "Human geography __knowledge__ Human geography is the branch of geography that deals with the study of people and their communities, cultures, economies, and interactions with the environment by studying their relations with and across space and place.", "Human geography __knowledge__ Human geography attends to human patterns of social interaction, as well as spatial level interdependencies, and how they influence or affect the earth's environment.", "Human geography __knowledge__ As an intellectual discipline, geography is divided into the sub-fields of physical geography and human geography, the latter concentrating upon the study of human activities, by the application of qualitative and quantitative research methods.", "Rafael Torres Campos __knowledge__ Rafael Torres Campos (1853–1904) was one of the most important Spanish geographers at the end of the nineteenth century.", "Rafael Torres Campos __knowledge__ His work in Spanish geography was particularly relevant because it introduced modern currents of European and American geography into Spain.", "Rafael Torres Campos __knowledge__ His dedication to teaching led to the creation of a sophisticated group of geographical educators whose influence, although difficult to measure, has extended to the present.", "Rafael Torres Campos __knowledge__ Because of his close links with people and institutions of a progressive character his work has been completely neglected: these pages are dedicated to a late but necessary recuperation of his reputation.", "Department of Geography, University of Kentucky __knowledge__ The Department of Geography in the College of Arts & Sciences at the University of Kentucky offers undergraduate degrees and graduate degrees and courses in physical and human geography.", "Department of Geography, University of Kentucky __knowledge__ The department has an international reputation for the study of social theory and critical geography, including political ecology.", "Department of Geography, University of Kentucky __knowledge__ Located in Lexington, Kentucky, the department is consistently ranked among leading geography graduate programs in the United States.", "Department of Geography, University of Kentucky __knowledge__ The graduate students have organized the annual international conference, Dimensions of Political Ecology or DOPE, since 2010.", "Department of Geography, University of Kentucky __knowledge__ In the summer of 2012, the department and faculty offices moved to the eighth floor of Patterson Office Tower.", "Proposed Book of Mormon geographical setting __knowledge__ The geographical setting of the Book of Mormon is the set of locations of the events described in the Book of Mormon.", "Proposed Book of Mormon geographical setting __knowledge__ There is no universal consensus among Mormon scholars regarding the placement of these locations in the known world, other than somewhere in the Americas.", "Proposed Book of Mormon geographical setting __knowledge__ A popular \"traditional\" view among many Latter-day Saint faithful covers much of North and South America; while many Book of Mormon scholars, particularly in recent decades, believe the text itself favors a limited Mesoamerican or other limited setting for most of the Book of Mormon events.", "Proposed Book of Mormon geographical setting __knowledge__ The largest of the churches embracing the Book of Mormon—The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church)—has not endorsed an official position for the geographical setting the Book of Mormon, although some of its leaders have spoken of various possible locations over the years.", "Geographical Association __knowledge__ The Geographical Association (GA) is a United Kingdom-based subject association whose objects are the advancement of education for the public benefit by furthering geographical knowledge and understanding, through the promotion and dissemination of good practice in geographical teaching and learning.", "Geographical Association __knowledge__ It is a registered charity and is wholly independent of state aid.", "Geographical Association __knowledge__ The Geographical Association was formed by five geographers, including Halford John Mackinder, in 1893 as an independent, unincorporated association.", "Geographical Association __knowledge__ The first members got together to use and exchange lantern slides, a leading technology of the day.", "Maritime archaeology __knowledge__ Maritime archaeology (also known as marine archaeology) is a discipline within archaeology as a whole that specifically studies human interaction with the sea, lakes and rivers through the study of associated physical remains, be they vessels, shore side facilities, port-related structures, cargoes, human remains and submerged landscapes.", "Maritime archaeology __knowledge__ A specialty within maritime archaeology is nautical archaeology, which studies vessel construction and use.", "Maritime archaeology __knowledge__ As with archaeology as a whole, maritime archaeology can be practised within the historical, industrial, or prehistoric periods.", "Maritime archaeology __knowledge__ An associated discipline, and again one that lies within archaeology itself, is underwater archaeology, which studies the past through any submerged remains be they of maritime interest or not.", "Australian archaeology __knowledge__ Australian archaeology is a large sub-field in the discipline of archaeology.", "Australian archaeology __knowledge__ Archaeology in Australia takes three main forms, Aboriginal archaeology (the archaeology of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in Australia before and after European settlement), historical archaeology (the archaeology of Australia after European settlement) and maritime archaeology.", "Australian archaeology __knowledge__ Bridging these sub-disciplines is the important concept of cultural heritage management which encompasses Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander sites, historical sites and maritime sites.", "Australian archaeology __knowledge__ Archaeological studies or investigations of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people and culture in Australia have had many different agendas through time.", "American anthropology __knowledge__ American anthropology has culture as its central and unifying concept.", "American anthropology __knowledge__ This most commonly refers to the universal human capacity to classify and encode human experiences symbolically, and to communicate symbolically encoded experiences socially.", "American anthropology __knowledge__ American anthropology is organized into four fields, each of which plays an important role in research on culture: Research in these fields has influenced anthropologists working in other countries to different degrees.", "American anthropology __knowledge__ Discussion concerning culture among biological anthropologists centers around two debates.", "American anthropology __knowledge__ First, is culture uniquely human or shared by other species (most notably, other primates)?", "Cultural-historical activity theory __knowledge__ Cultural-historical activity theory (CHAT) is a theoretical framework which helps to understand and analyse the relationship between the human mind (what people think and feel) and activity (what people do).", "Cultural-historical activity theory __knowledge__ It traces its origins to the founders of the cultural-historical school of Russian psychology L. S. Vygotsky and Aleksei N. Leontiev.", "Cultural-historical activity theory __knowledge__ Vygotsky's important insight into the dynamics of consciousness was that it is essentially subjective and shaped by the history of each individual's social and cultural experience.", "Cultural-historical activity theory __knowledge__ Especially since the 1990s, CHAT has attracted a growing interest among academics worldwide.", "Archaeological record __knowledge__ The archaeological record is the body of physical (not written) evidence about the past.", "Archaeological record __knowledge__ It is one of the core concepts in archaeology, the academic discipline concerned with documenting and interpreting the archaeological record.", "Archaeological record __knowledge__ Archaeological theory is used to interpret the archaeological record for a better understanding of human cultures.", "Archaeological record __knowledge__ The archaeological record can consist of the earliest ancient findings as well as contemporary artifacts.", "Archaeological record __knowledge__ Human activity has had a large impact on the archaeological record.", "Archaeological record __knowledge__ Destructive human processes, such as agriculture and land development, may damage or destroy potential archaeological sites.", "History of archaeology __knowledge__ Archaeology is the study of human activity in the past, primarily through the recovery and analysis of the material culture and environmental data that they have left behind, which includes artifacts, architecture, biofacts (also known as eco-facts) and cultural landscapes (the archaeological record).", "History of archaeology __knowledge__ The development of the field of archaeology has it roots with history and with those who were interested in the past such as kings who wanted to show past glories of their respective nations.", "History of archaeology __knowledge__ The 5th-century-BC Greek historian Herodotus was the first scholar to systematically study the past and perhaps the first to examine artifacts." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Archaeology __knowledge__ Archaeology, or archeology, is the study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture.", "Archaeology __knowledge__ The archaeological record consists of artifacts, architecture, biofacts or ecofacts, and cultural landscapes.", "Archaeology __knowledge__ Archaeology can be considered both a social science and a branch of the humanities.", "Archaeology __knowledge__ In North America, archaeology is considered a sub-field of anthropology, while in Europe archaeology is often viewed as either a discipline in its own right or a sub-field of other disciplines.", "Archaeology __knowledge__ Archaeologists study human prehistory and history, from the development of the first stone tools at Lomekwi in East Africa 3.3 million years ago up until recent decades.", "Archaeology __knowledge__ Archaeology as a field is distinct from the discipline of palaeontology, the study of fossil remains.", "Archaeology __knowledge__ Archaeology is particularly important for learning about prehistoric societies, for whom there may be no written records to study.", "Archaeology __knowledge__ Prehistory includes over 99% of the human past, from the Paleolithic until the advent of literacy in societies across the world.", "Archaeology __knowledge__ Archaeology has various goals, which range from understanding culture history to reconstructing past lifeways to documenting and explaining changes in human societies through time.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "I'll Be Lovin' U Long Time __knowledge__ \"I'll Be Lovin' U Long Time\" is a song by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey, taken from her eleventh studio album, \"E=MC²\" (2008).", "I'll Be Lovin' U Long Time __knowledge__ It was written by Carey, Aldrin Davis, Crystal Johnson and Clifford Harris, and produced by the former two.", "I'll Be Lovin' U Long Time __knowledge__ As the song's hook and instrumentation is derived from sampling DeBarge's \"Stay with Me\", Mark DeBarge and Etterlene Jordan also share songwriting credits.", "I'll Be Lovin' U Long Time __knowledge__ \"I'll Be Lovin' U Long Time\" was released as the album's third single in the United States, Australasia and select European countries on July 1, 2008.", "I'll Be Lovin' U Long Time __knowledge__ Drawing influence from pop, soul and R&B music genres, and featuring a piano and keyboard-driven melody, the song's lyrics demonstrate the lengths the protagonist will go for her lover, and how she will be 'lovin' him long time'.", "Atlantic Records __knowledge__ Atlantic Recording Corporation (simply known as Atlantic Records) is an American major record label founded in October 1947 by Ahmet Ertegün and Herb Abramson.", "Atlantic Records __knowledge__ Over its first 20 years of operation, Atlantic Records earned a reputation as one of the most important American recording labels, specializing in jazz, R&B and soul recordings by African-American musicians including Aretha Franklin, Ray Charles, Wilson Pickett, Sam and Dave, Ruth Brown and Otis Redding, a position greatly enhanced by its distribution deal with Stax Records.", "Atlantic Records __knowledge__ In 1967, Atlantic Records became a wholly owned subsidiary of Warner Bros.-Seven Arts, now the Warner Music Group, and expanded into rock and pop music with releases by bands such as Led Zeppelin and Yes.", "Hound Dog (song) __knowledge__ \"Hound Dog\" is a twelve-bar blues song written by Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller.", "Hound Dog (song) __knowledge__ Recorded originally by Willie Mae \"Big Mama\" Thornton on August 13, 1952, in Los Angeles and released by Peacock Records in late February 1953, \"Hound Dog\" was Thornton's only hit record, selling over 500,000 copies, spending 14 weeks in the R&B charts, including seven weeks at number one.", "Hound Dog (song) __knowledge__ Thornton's recording of \"Hound Dog\" is listed as one of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's \"500 Songs That Shaped Rock and Roll\", and was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame in February 2013.", "Hound Dog (song) __knowledge__ \"Hound Dog\" has been recorded more than 250 times.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Elvis Aaron Presley (January 8, 1935 – August 16, 1977) was an American singer, musician, and actor.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Regarded as one of the most significant cultural icons of the 20th century, he is often referred to as the \"King of Rock and Roll\" or simply \"the King\".", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Presley was born in Tupelo, Mississippi, and relocated to Memphis, Tennessee, with his family when he was 13 years old.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ His music career began there in 1954, recording at Sun Records with producer Sam Phillips, who wanted to bring the sound of African American music to a wider audience.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Accompanied by guitarist Scotty Moore and bassist Bill Black, Presley was a pioneer of rockabilly, an uptempo, backbeat-driven fusion of country music and rhythm and blues.", "John Mellencamp __knowledge__ John J Mellencamp (born October 7, 1951), previously known as Johnny Cougar, John Cougar, and John Cougar Mellencamp, is an American musician, singer-songwriter, painter, and actor.", "John Mellencamp __knowledge__ He is known for his catchy, populist brand of heartland rock, which emphasizes traditional instrumentation.", "John Mellencamp __knowledge__ Mellencamp rose to fame in the 1980s while \"honing an almost startlingly plainspoken writing style that, starting in 1982, yielded a string of Top 10 singles\", including \"Hurts So Good\", \"Jack & Diane\", \"Crumblin' Down\", \"Pink Houses\", \"Lonely Ol' Night\", \"Small Town\", \"R.O.C.K.", "John Mellencamp __knowledge__ in the U.S.A.\", \"Paper in Fire\", and \"Cherry Bomb\".", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Museum __knowledge__ A museum ( ; plural musea or museums) is an institution that cares for (conserves) a collection of artifacts and other objects of artistic, cultural, historical, or scientific importance.", "Museum __knowledge__ Many public museums make these items available for public viewing through exhibits that may be permanent or temporary.", "Museum __knowledge__ The largest museums are located in major cities throughout the world, while thousands of local museums exist in smaller cities, towns and rural areas.", "Museum __knowledge__ Museums have varying aims, ranging from serving researchers and specialists to serving the general public.", "Museum __knowledge__ The goal of serving researchers is increasingly shifting to serving the general public.", "Posterity Records __knowledge__ Posterity Records was a Canadian record label established by Harvey Glatt, that was started in 1963 and existed, in corporate form, from 1975 to 1981.", "Posterity Records __knowledge__ Harvey Glatt, an Ottawa-based music manager, promoter, retailer and radio station owner, formally established Posterity Records in 1976, following a 1963 release, under the Posterity label, of a record by Canadian poet Irving Layton.", "Posterity Records __knowledge__ During its approximate six-year existence in the 1970s and early 1980s, the label released records by Lenny Breau, the Downchild Blues Band, Ian Tamblyn and others.", "Posterity Records __knowledge__ It was distributed by Glatt-owned TCD Records and Tapes, short for \"Treble Clef Distribution\".", "Royal Ontario Museum __knowledge__ The Royal Ontario Museum (ROM, ) is a museum of art, world culture and natural history in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.", "Royal Ontario Museum __knowledge__ It is one of the largest museums in North America, and the largest in Canada.", "Royal Ontario Museum __knowledge__ It attracts more than one million visitors every year, making the ROM the most visited museum in Canada.", "Royal Ontario Museum __knowledge__ The museum is north of Queen's Park, in the University of Toronto district, with its main entrance on Bloor Street West.", "Royal Ontario Museum __knowledge__ The Museum subway station of the Toronto Transit Commission is named after the ROM, and since 2008, it is decorated to resemble the institution's collection.", "Royal Ontario Museum __knowledge__ Established on 16 April 1912 and opened on 19 March 1914, the museum has maintained close relations with the University of Toronto throughout its history, often sharing expertise and resources.", "Folklore __knowledge__ Folklore is the expressive body of culture shared by a particular group of people; it encompasses the traditions common to that culture, subculture or group.", "Folklore __knowledge__ These include oral traditions such as tales, proverbs and jokes.", "Folklore __knowledge__ They include material culture, ranging from traditional building styles to handmade toys common to the group.", "Folklore __knowledge__ Folklore also includes customary lore, the forms and rituals of celebrations such as Christmas and weddings, folk dances and initiation rites.", "Folklore __knowledge__ Each one of these, either singly or in combination, is considered a folklore artifact.", "Folklore __knowledge__ Just as essential as the form, folklore also encompasses the transmission of these artifacts from one region to another or from one generation to the next.", "Crypt of Civilization __knowledge__ The Crypt of Civilization is a sealed airtight chamber built between 1937 and 1940 at Oglethorpe University in Brookhaven, Georgia, in Metro Atlanta.", "Crypt of Civilization __knowledge__ The room contains numerous artifacts and documents, and is designed for opening in the year 8113 AD.", "Crypt of Civilization __knowledge__ During the 50th anniversary year of its sealing, the \"Guinness Book of World Records\" cited the crypt as the \"first successful attempt to bury a record of this culture for any future inhabitants or visitors to the planet Earth.\"", "Crypt of Civilization __knowledge__ Thornwell Jacobs (1877–1956), referred to as \"the father of the modern time capsule\", claims to be the first in modern times to conceive the idea of consciously preserving man-made objects for posterity by placing them in a sealed repository.", "Folkloristics __knowledge__ Folkloristics, also known as folklore studies in North America, and tradition studies or folk life studies in Britain, is the formal academic discipline devoted to the study of folklore.", "Folkloristics __knowledge__ This term, along with its synonyms, gained currency in the 1950s to distinguish the academic study of traditional culture from the folklore artifacts themselves.", "Folkloristics __knowledge__ It became established as a field across both Europe and North America, coordinating with Volkskunde (German), folkermimne (Norwegian), and folkminnen (Swedish) among others.", "Folkloristics __knowledge__ The importance of folklore and folkloristics was recognized globally 1982 in the UNESCO document \"Recommendation on the Safeguarding of Traditional Culture and Folklore\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Archaeology __knowledge__ Archaeology, or archeology, is the study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture.", "Archaeology __knowledge__ The archaeological record consists of artifacts, architecture, biofacts or ecofacts, and cultural landscapes.", "Archaeology __knowledge__ Archaeology can be considered both a social science and a branch of the humanities.", "Archaeology __knowledge__ In North America, archaeology is considered a sub-field of anthropology, while in Europe archaeology is often viewed as either a discipline in its own right or a sub-field of other disciplines.", "Archaeology __knowledge__ Archaeologists study human prehistory and history, from the development of the first stone tools at Lomekwi in East Africa 3.3 million years ago up until recent decades.", "Archaeology __knowledge__ Archaeology as a field is distinct from the discipline of palaeontology, the study of fossil remains.", "Archaeology __knowledge__ Archaeology is particularly important for learning about prehistoric societies, for whom there may be no written records to study.", "Archaeology __knowledge__ Prehistory includes over 99% of the human past, from the Paleolithic until the advent of literacy in societies across the world.", "Archaeology __knowledge__ Archaeology has various goals, which range from understanding culture history to reconstructing past lifeways to documenting and explaining changes in human societies through time.", "Level of support for evolution __knowledge__ The level of support for evolution among scientists, the public and other groups is a topic that frequently arises in the creation-evolution controversy and touches on educational, religious, philosophical, scientific and political issues.", "Level of support for evolution __knowledge__ The subject is especially contentious in countries where significant levels of non-acceptance of evolution by general society exist although evolution is taught at school and university.", "Level of support for evolution __knowledge__ The overwhelming majority of the scientific community accepts evolution as the dominant scientific theory of biological diversity.", "Level of support for evolution __knowledge__ Many scientific associations have rejected the challenges to evolution proposed by ID proponents.", "Anthropology __knowledge__ Anthropology is the study of various aspects of humans within past and present societies.", "Anthropology __knowledge__ Social anthropology and cultural anthropology study the norms and values of societies.", "Anthropology __knowledge__ Linguistic anthropology studies how language affects social life.", "Anthropology __knowledge__ Biological or physical anthropology studies the biological development of humans.", "Anthropology __knowledge__ Archaeology, which studies past human cultures through investigation of physical evidence, is thought of as a branch of anthropology in the United States, while in Europe, it is viewed as a discipline in its own right or grouped under other related disciplines, such as history.", "Living Things (Linkin Park album) __knowledge__ Living Things is the fifth studio album by American rock band Linkin Park.", "Living Things (Linkin Park album) __knowledge__ It was released under Warner Bros. Records and Machine Shop Recordings on June 20, 2012, in Japan, and throughout the rest of the world during the following week.", "Living Things (Linkin Park album) __knowledge__ Production was handled by vocalist Mike Shinoda and Rick Rubin, who both co-produced the band's previous two studio albums \"Minutes to Midnight\" (2007) and \"A Thousand Suns\" (2010).", "Living Things (Linkin Park album) __knowledge__ The band states that \"Living Things\" combines elements from their previous four studio albums to create a new sound.", "Living Things (Linkin Park album) __knowledge__ They stated they finally felt they were in \"familiar territory\" and \"comfortable in [their] own skin\" after years of experimentation that resulted in their two previous studio albums, \"Minutes to Midnight\" and \"A Thousand Suns\".", "History of anthropology by country __knowledge__ Anthropology is the study of various aspects of humans within past and present societies.", "History of anthropology by country __knowledge__ This study is practiced in multiple countries, each of whom has their own history of how anthropology has developed in their respective countries.", "History of anthropology by country __knowledge__ Anthropology in Latin America is a well established discipline that has existed for over 100 years.", "History of anthropology by country __knowledge__ The countries that are summarized in this section include Mexico, Brazil, Argentina, the Andean region, Costa Rica, and Colombia.", "History of anthropology by country __knowledge__ Latin America anthropologists established their discipline in conjunction with American and European anthropologists, and revised their disciplines to study cultural phenomena through their own perspectives, independent of American and European thought.", "History of evolutionary thought __knowledge__ Evolutionary thought, the conception that species change over time, has roots in antiquity - in the ideas of the ancient Greeks, Romans, and Chinese as well as in medieval Islamic science.", "History of evolutionary thought __knowledge__ With the beginnings of modern biological taxonomy in the late 17th century, two opposed ideas influenced Western biological thinking: essentialism, the belief that every species has essential characteristics that are unalterable, a concept which had developed from medieval Aristotelian metaphysics, and that fit well with natural theology; and the development of the new anti-Aristotelian approach to modern science: as the Enlightenment progressed, evolutionary cosmology and the mechanical philosophy spread from the physical sciences to natural history.", "American anthropology __knowledge__ American anthropology has culture as its central and unifying concept.", "American anthropology __knowledge__ This most commonly refers to the universal human capacity to classify and encode human experiences symbolically, and to communicate symbolically encoded experiences socially.", "American anthropology __knowledge__ American anthropology is organized into four fields, each of which plays an important role in research on culture: Research in these fields has influenced anthropologists working in other countries to different degrees.", "American anthropology __knowledge__ Discussion concerning culture among biological anthropologists centers around two debates.", "American anthropology __knowledge__ First, is culture uniquely human or shared by other species (most notably, other primates)?", "Franz Boas __knowledge__ Franz Uri Boas (; ; July 9, 1858December 21, 1942) was a German-American anthropologist and a pioneer of modern anthropology who has been called the \"Father of American Anthropology\".", "Franz Boas __knowledge__ His work is associated with the movement of anthropological historicism.", "Franz Boas __knowledge__ Studying in Germany, Boas was awarded a doctorate in 1881 in physics while also studying geography.", "Franz Boas __knowledge__ He then participated in a geographical expedition to northern Canada, where he became fascinated with the culture and language of the Baffin Island Inuit.", "Franz Boas __knowledge__ He went on to do field work with the indigenous cultures and languages of the Pacific Northwest.", "Humanities __knowledge__ Humanities are academic disciplines that study aspects of human society and culture.", "Humanities __knowledge__ In the renaissance, the term contrasted with divinity and referred to what is now called classics, the main area of secular study in universities at the time.", "Humanities __knowledge__ Today, the humanities are more frequently contrasted with natural, and sometimes social, sciences as well as professional training.", "Humanities __knowledge__ The humanities use methods that are primarily critical, or speculative, and have a significant historical element—as distinguished from the mainly empirical approaches of the natural sciences, yet, unlike the sciences, it has no central discipline.", "History of anthropology __knowledge__ History of anthropology in this article refers primarily to the 18th- and 19th-century precursors of modern anthropology.", "History of anthropology __knowledge__ The term anthropology itself, innovated as a New Latin scientific word during the Renaissance, has always meant \"the study (or science) of man.\"", "History of anthropology __knowledge__ The topics to be included and the terminology have varied historically.", "History of anthropology __knowledge__ At present they are more elaborate than they were during the development of anthropology.", "History of anthropology __knowledge__ For a presentation of modern social and cultural anthropology as they have developed in Britain, France, and North America since approximately 1900, see the relevant sections under Anthropology.", "Grahame Clark __knowledge__ Sir John Grahame Douglas Clark, CBE, FBA (28 July 1907 – 12 September 1995), who often published as J. G. D. Clark, was a British archaeologist who specialised in the study of Mesolithic Europe and palaeoeconomics.", "Grahame Clark __knowledge__ He spent most of his career working at the University of Cambridge, where he was appointed Disney Professor of Archaeology from 1952 to 1974 and Master of Peterhouse College from 1973 to 1980.", "Grahame Clark __knowledge__ Born in Kent to an upper-middle-class family, Clark developed an early interest in archaeology through his collection of prehistoric flint tools.", "Grahame Clark __knowledge__ After an education at Marlborough College, he proceeded to Peterhouse in the University of Cambridge, there attaining both his undergraduate and then doctoral degree." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 4, 1 ]

[ "Archaeology is the study of human activity through material", "Artifacts and architecture are recorded for posterity", "Anthropology and archaeology are very related fields.", "No, it has more to do with culture" ]

[ "Archaeology", "Archaeology", "Archaeology", "Archaeology" ]

[ "Hamburger", "yes i have also love it", "i don't know prefer that most order shop only" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hamburger __knowledge__ A hamburger, beefburger or burger is a sandwich consisting of one or more cooked patties of ground meat, usually beef, placed inside a sliced bread roll or bun.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The patty may be pan fried, barbecued, or flame broiled.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ Hamburgers are often served with cheese, lettuce, tomato, bacon, onion, pickles, or chiles; condiments such as mustard, mayonnaise, ketchup, relish, or \"special sauce\"; and are frequently placed on sesame seed buns.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ A hamburger topped with cheese is called a cheeseburger.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term \"burger\" can also be applied to the meat patty on its own, especially in the UK where the term \"patty\" is rarely used, or the term can even refer simply to ground beef.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term may be prefixed with the type of meat or meat substitute used, as in \"turkey burger\", \"bison burger\", or \"veggie burger\".", "Hamburger __knowledge__ Hamburgers are sold at fast-food restaurants, diners, and specialty and high-end restaurants (where burgers may sell for several times the cost of a fast-food burger, but may be one of the cheaper options on the menu).", "Hamburger __knowledge__ There are many international and regional variations of the hamburger.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term \"hamburger\" originally derives from Hamburg, Germany's second-largest city.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ In German, \"Burg\" means \"castle\", \"fortified settlement\" or \"fortified refuge\" and is a widespread component of place names." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hamburger __knowledge__ A hamburger, beefburger or burger is a sandwich consisting of one or more cooked patties of ground meat, usually beef, placed inside a sliced bread roll or bun.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The patty may be pan fried, barbecued, or flame broiled.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ Hamburgers are often served with cheese, lettuce, tomato, bacon, onion, pickles, or chiles; condiments such as mustard, mayonnaise, ketchup, relish, or \"special sauce\"; and are frequently placed on sesame seed buns.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ A hamburger topped with cheese is called a cheeseburger.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term \"burger\" can also be applied to the meat patty on its own, especially in the UK where the term \"patty\" is rarely used, or the term can even refer simply to ground beef.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term may be prefixed with the type of meat or meat substitute used, as in \"turkey burger\", \"bison burger\", or \"veggie burger\".", "Hamburger __knowledge__ Hamburgers are sold at fast-food restaurants, diners, and specialty and high-end restaurants (where burgers may sell for several times the cost of a fast-food burger, but may be one of the cheaper options on the menu).", "Hamburger __knowledge__ There are many international and regional variations of the hamburger.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term \"hamburger\" originally derives from Hamburg, Germany's second-largest city.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ In German, \"Burg\" means \"castle\", \"fortified settlement\" or \"fortified refuge\" and is a widespread component of place names.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ \"Glee\" is a musical comedy-drama television series that aired on Fox in the United States for six seasons from 2009 to 2015.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ It focuses on the high school glee club New Directions competing on the show choir competition circuit, while its members deal with relationships, sexuality and social issues.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ The initial main cast encompassed club director and Spanish (later History) teacher Will Schuester (Matthew Morrison), cheerleading coach Sue Sylvester (Jane Lynch), guidance counselor Emma Pillsbury (Jayma Mays), Will's wife Terri (Jessalyn Gilsig), and eight club members played by Dianna Agron, Chris Colfer, Kevin McHale, Lea Michele, Cory Monteith, Amber Riley, Mark Salling and Jenna Ushkowitz.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Ek Tha Chandar Ek Thi Sudha (Hindi: एक था चन्दर एक थी सुधा English: One was Chander one was Sudha) is an Indian biopic television series, which premiered on 21 September 2015 and is broadcast on Life OK.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is produced by Garima Productions of Ashwni Dhir.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series airs on every Monday to Friday nights.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is a tragic love story and is a 20-episode series.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story of the series is based on Dharamvir Bharati’s iconic novel, \"Gunahon Ka Devta\".", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Rahil Azam and Umang Jain will play the male and female lead roles respectively.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story starts with an illustration that it is a story about love near Allahabad.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Yes Minister is a Political satire British sitcom written by Antony Jay and Jonathan Lynn that was first transmitted on BBC Two from 1980 to 1984, split over three seven-episode series.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ The sequel, Yes, Prime Minister, ran from 1986 to 1988.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ In total there were 38 episodes, of which all but one lasted half an hour.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Almost all episodes ended with a variation of the title of the series spoken as the answer to a question posed by Hacker.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Several episodes were adapted for BBC Radio, and a stage play was produced in 2010, the latter leading to a new television series on UKTV Gold in 2013.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Set principally in the private office of a British Cabinet minister in the fictional Department of Administrative Affairs in Whitehall, \"Yes Minister\" follows the ministerial career of the Rt Hon Jim Hacker MP, played by Paul Eddington.", "YES Network __knowledge__ The Yankees Entertainment and Sports Network (YES) is an American cable and satellite television regional sports network that is owned by 21st Century Fox (which owns a controlling 80% interest and serves as managing partner) and Yankee Global Enterprises (which owns the remaining 20%).", "YES Network __knowledge__ Primarily serving New York City, New York and the surrounding metropolitan area, it broadcasts a variety of sports events, as well as magazine, documentary and discussion programs; however, its main emphasis is focused on games and team-related programs involving the New York Yankees of Major League Baseball (owned by minority partner Yankee Global), the NBA's Brooklyn Nets and New York City FC of Major League Soccer.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Yes and no, or word pairs with a similar usage , are expressions of the affirmative and the negative, respectively, in several languages including English.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages make distinction between answers to affirmative versus negative questions, thus may have triplet or quadruplets of words instead.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ English originally used a four-form system up to and including Early Middle English but Modern English has reduced this to a two-form system consisting of just 'yes' and 'no'.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ It exists in eye blink communication, Morse Code, sign language, and maybe in color coded flag communication.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages do not answer yes–no questions with single words meaning 'yes' or 'no'.", "Ondine (play) __knowledge__ Ondine is a play written in 1938 by French dramatist Jean Giraudoux, based on the 1811 novella \"Undine\" by the German Romantic Friedrich de la Motte Fouqué that tells the story of Hans and Ondine.", "Ondine (play) __knowledge__ Hans is a knight-errant who has been sent off on a quest by his betrothed.", "Ondine (play) __knowledge__ In the forest he meets and falls in love with Ondine, a water-sprite who is attracted to the world of mortal man.", "Ondine (play) __knowledge__ The subsequent marriage of people from different worlds is, of course, folly.", "Ondine (play) __knowledge__ By turns comic, enchanting, and tragic, \"Ondine\" is considered by some to be Giraudoux's finest work.", "Ondine (play) __knowledge__ The play opens in a fisherman's hut near a lake in the forest.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The Hamburger most likely first appeared in the 19th or early 20th century.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The modern hamburger was a product of the culinary needs of a society rapidly changing due to industrialization, the emergence of the working class and middle class and the demand for mass-produced, affordable food that could be consumed outside of the home.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Americans contend they were the first to combine two slices of bread and a steak of ground beef into a \"hamburger sandwich\" and sell it.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Part of the controversy over the origin of the hamburger is because the two basic ingredients, bread and beef, were prepared and consumed separately for many years before their combination.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1953, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper sandwich in 1957, and has since added non-beef items such as chicken, fish, and vegetarian offerings, including salads and meatless sandwiches.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ Other additions include a breakfast menu and beverages such as Icees, juices, and bottled waters.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ As the company expanded both inside and outside the United States, it introduced localized versions of its products that conform to regional tastes and cultural or religious beliefs.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's Corporation () is the world's largest chain of fast food restaurants, serving around 68 million customers daily in 119 countries.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's traces its origins to a 1940 restaurant in San Bernardino, California.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ After expanding within the United States, McDonald's became an international corporation in 1967, when it opened a location in Richmond, Canada.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ By the end of the 1970s, McDonald's restaurants existed in five of the Earth's seven continents; an African location came in 1992 in Cape Town,South Africa.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ In order to cater to local tastes and culinary traditions, and often in respect of particular laws or religious beliefs, McDonald's offers regionalized versions of its menu among and within different countries.", "History of the hamburger in the United States __knowledge__ A hamburger (or burger) is a sandwich that consists of a cooked ground meat patty, usually beef, placed between halves of a sliced bun or between slices of bread or toast.", "History of the hamburger in the United States __knowledge__ Hamburgers are often served with various condiments, such as mustard, mayonnaise, and ketchup, and other options including lettuce, tomato, onion, pickles, and cheese.", "History of the hamburger in the United States __knowledge__ The Texas historian Frank X. Tolbert attributes the invention of the hamburger to Fletcher Davis of Athens, Texas.", "History of the hamburger in the United States __knowledge__ Davis is believed to have sold hamburgers at his café at 115 Tyler Street in Athens, Texas, in the late 1880s, before bringing them to the 1904 St. Louis World's Fair.", "Ass Burgers __knowledge__ \"Ass Burgers\" is the eighth episode of \"South Park\"s fifteenth season and the 217th episode of the series overall.", "Ass Burgers __knowledge__ It first aired in the U.S. on October 5, 2011, on Comedy Central.", "Ass Burgers __knowledge__ The episode picks up where the previous episode, \"You're Getting Old\", left off.", "Ass Burgers __knowledge__ Stan's cynicism is mistakenly blamed on his recent vaccinations and diagnosed as Asperger syndrome, a criticism of anti-vaccination proponents.", "Ass Burgers __knowledge__ Cartman mishears the condition as \"ass burgers\" and opens a food stand in which the secret ingredient involves stuffing his underwear with hamburgers.", "Ass Burgers __knowledge__ The episode is rated TV-MA-L in the United States.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1955, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ The company did not add another permanent hamburger to its menu until the introduction of the Big King sandwich in 1996 in response to McDonald's Big Mac sandwich.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ The company began experimenting with premium hamburgers, made from higher quality ingredients, in 1978 with the introduction of its Specialty Sandwich product line." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hamburger __knowledge__ A hamburger, beefburger or burger is a sandwich consisting of one or more cooked patties of ground meat, usually beef, placed inside a sliced bread roll or bun.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The patty may be pan fried, barbecued, or flame broiled.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ Hamburgers are often served with cheese, lettuce, tomato, bacon, onion, pickles, or chiles; condiments such as mustard, mayonnaise, ketchup, relish, or \"special sauce\"; and are frequently placed on sesame seed buns.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ A hamburger topped with cheese is called a cheeseburger.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term \"burger\" can also be applied to the meat patty on its own, especially in the UK where the term \"patty\" is rarely used, or the term can even refer simply to ground beef.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term may be prefixed with the type of meat or meat substitute used, as in \"turkey burger\", \"bison burger\", or \"veggie burger\".", "Hamburger __knowledge__ Hamburgers are sold at fast-food restaurants, diners, and specialty and high-end restaurants (where burgers may sell for several times the cost of a fast-food burger, but may be one of the cheaper options on the menu).", "Hamburger __knowledge__ There are many international and regional variations of the hamburger.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term \"hamburger\" originally derives from Hamburg, Germany's second-largest city.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ In German, \"Burg\" means \"castle\", \"fortified settlement\" or \"fortified refuge\" and is a widespread component of place names.", "Kamkorp __knowledge__ The Kamkorp Group is a privately held holding company, encompassing a wide range of businesses but operates mainly as Frazer-Nash Research Ltd.", "Kamkorp __knowledge__ It is owned by UK-based Indian businessman Kamal Siddiqi.", "Kamkorp __knowledge__ Over the past 25 years, the Kamkorp Group has developed proprietary digital electric and hybrid electric powertrains and products for the transportation and industrial markets.", "Kamkorp __knowledge__ The company has produced various automobile prototypes under the brands Frazer-Nash and Metrocab.", "Kamkorp __knowledge__ It also owns Bristol Cars, under which brand the Bristol Bullet sports car is being developed.", "Kamkorp __knowledge__ The Bullet was unveiled on 26 July 2016, with production due to start in 2017.", "Warrandyte Cricket Club __knowledge__ Established in 1855, the Warrandyte Cricket Club is located in the eastern suburbs of Victoria (Australia), and is the 3rd oldest active cricket club in the state.", "Warrandyte Cricket Club __knowledge__ Social games were played at the Recreation Reserve in Andersons Creek (now Warrandyte) against neighbouring suburbs until the club entered the Cameron Cricket Association, playing its first game in competition on 11 November 1905 against Christmas Hills.", "Warrandyte Cricket Club __knowledge__ Season 2010/11 was the club's 100th in competition (taking into account war periods and club disputes), and during that time over 1,300 people have played in either juniors, seniors, women's or veterans grades.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ South African labour law regulates the relationship between employers, employees and trade unions in the Republic of South Africa.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ The Native Labour Regulations Act 1911 prohibited strikes by trade unions, introduced wage ceilings and a pass system for moving around jobs.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Over 70,000 Chinese labourers were brought in, and used by landowners to undercut the wages of other workers.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Among white workers, there was significant unrest, and major strikes took place in 1907, 1913, 1914 and 1922 For a period of sixteen years, from 1979 to 1995, several critical developments occurred in the field of labour law in South Africa, beginning with a radical change in the first of these years, when a significant Commission of Enquiry was held, resulting in the establishment of an Industrial Court, which was given extensive powers to mould, change, shape and develop the law.", "Henri Boudet __knowledge__ L'abbé Jean-Jacques-Henri Boudet (16 November 1837 – 30 March 1915), is best known for being the French Catholic parish priest of Rennes-les-Bains between 1872 and 1914 and for being the author of the book \"La Vraie langue celtique et le cromleck de Rennes-les-Bains\", first published in 1886 (since 1967, when he became associated with the alleged mystery of Rennes-le-Château).", "Henri Boudet __knowledge__ Boudet was born on 16 November 1837 in the house of Mrs Zoé (Angélique-Zoé-Caroline née Saurel) Pinet-Laval (Boudet's neighbour), a widow in Quillan in the department of Aude and died on 30 March 1915 in Axat.", "Henri Boudet __knowledge__ He was the third of four children, the second of three sons, of Pierre-Auguste Boudet (died on 10 February 1841 and Jeanne-Adélaide-Elizabeth Huillet.", "Comic book collecting __knowledge__ Comic book collecting is a hobby that treats comic books and related items as collectibles or artwork to be sought after and preserved.", "Comic book collecting __knowledge__ Though considerably more recent than the collecting of postage stamps (philately) or books (bibliophilia), it has a major following around the world today and is partially responsible for the increased interest in comics after the temporary slump experienced during the 1980s.", "Comic book collecting __knowledge__ Comics are collected for several possible reasons, including appreciation, nostalgia, financial profit, and completion of the collection.", "Comic book collecting __knowledge__ The comic book came to light in the pop culture arena in the 1930s due to the popularity of superhero characters Superman, Batman, and Captain Marvel.", "Physical attractiveness __knowledge__ Physical attractiveness is the degree to which a person's physical features are considered aesthetically pleasing or beautiful.", "Physical attractiveness __knowledge__ The term often implies sexual attractiveness or desirability, but can also be distinct from either.", "Physical attractiveness __knowledge__ There are many factors which influence one person's attraction to another, with physical aspects being one of them.", "Physical attractiveness __knowledge__ Physical attraction itself includes universal perceptions common to all human cultures, as well as aspects that are culturally and socially dependent, along with individual subjective preferences.", "Physical attractiveness __knowledge__ In many cases, humans subconsciously attribute positive characteristics, such as intelligence and honesty, to physically attractive people.", "Takate __knowledge__ Takate is a small town and rural commune in Agadir province of the Sous Massa Daraa region of Morocco.", "Takate __knowledge__ At the time of the 2004 census, the commune had a total population of 11479 people living in 2202 households.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1953, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper sandwich in 1957, and has since added non-beef items such as chicken, fish, and vegetarian offerings, including salads and meatless sandwiches.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ Other additions include a breakfast menu and beverages such as Icees, juices, and bottled waters.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ As the company expanded both inside and outside the United States, it introduced localized versions of its products that conform to regional tastes and cultural or religious beliefs.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1955, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ The company did not add another permanent hamburger to its menu until the introduction of the Big King sandwich in 1996 in response to McDonald's Big Mac sandwich.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ The company began experimenting with premium hamburgers, made from higher quality ingredients, in 1978 with the introduction of its Specialty Sandwich product line.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's Corporation () is the world's largest chain of fast food restaurants, serving around 68 million customers daily in 119 countries.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's traces its origins to a 1940 restaurant in San Bernardino, California.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ After expanding within the United States, McDonald's became an international corporation in 1967, when it opened a location in Richmond, Canada.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ By the end of the 1970s, McDonald's restaurants existed in five of the Earth's seven continents; an African location came in 1992 in Cape Town,South Africa.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ In order to cater to local tastes and culinary traditions, and often in respect of particular laws or religious beliefs, McDonald's offers regionalized versions of its menu among and within different countries.", "Croquette __knowledge__ A croquette (US: /kroʊˈket/) is a small breadcrumbed fried food roll containing, usually as main ingredients, mashed potatoes or ground meat (veal, beef, chicken, or turkey), shellfish, fish, cheese, vegetables, and mixed with béchamel or brown sauce, and soaked white bread, egg, onion, spices and herbs, wine, milk, beer, or any of the combination thereof, sometimes with a filling, e.g.", "Croquette __knowledge__ sautéed onions, mushrooms, or boiled eggs (Scotch eggs).", "Croquette __knowledge__ The croquette is usually shaped into a cylinder, disk, or oval shape, and then deep-fried.", "Croquette __knowledge__ The croquette (from the French \"croquer\", \"to crunch\") gained worldwide popularity, both as a delicacy and as a fast food.", "Offal __knowledge__ Offal , also called variety meats, pluck or organ meats, refers to the internal organs and entrails of a butchered animal.", "Offal __knowledge__ The word does not refer to a particular list of edible organs, which varies by culture and region, but includes most internal organs excluding muscle and bone.", "Offal __knowledge__ As an English mass noun, the term \"offal\" has no plural form.", "Offal __knowledge__ Some cultures strongly consider offal as food to be taboo, while others use it as everyday food, or in delicacies.", "Offal __knowledge__ Certain offal dishes—including \"foie gras\", \"pâté\" and sweetbread—are considered gourmet food in international cuisine.", "Offal __knowledge__ Others remain part of traditional regional cuisine and may be consumed especially in connection with holidays." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3 ]

[ "I absolutely love hamburgers or any burgers for that matter.", "Cool, so do you prefer the patty pan fried or barbecued or flame broiled?", "Cool, any toppings you prefer, like lettuce, onions, cheese, and pickles?" ]

[ "Hamburger", "Hamburger", "Hamburger" ]

[ "Physical disability", "I do not. My cousin does though. Do your stamina issues interfere with daily life?", "That doesn't sound good! Is there any sort of treatment?", "That sounds rough, hopefully you're still able to enjoy most things in life!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Physical disability __knowledge__ A physical disability is a limitation on a person's physical functioning, mobility, dexterity or stamina.", "Physical disability __knowledge__ Other physical disabilities include impairments which limit other facets of daily living, such as respiratory disorders, blindness, epilepsy and sleep disorders.", "Physical disability __knowledge__ Prenatal disabilities are acquired before birth.", "Physical disability __knowledge__ These may be due to diseases or substances that the mother has been exposed to during pregnancy, embryonic or fetal developmental accidents or genetic disorders.", "Physical disability __knowledge__ Perinatal disabilities are acquired between some weeks before to up to four weeks after birth in humans.", "Physical disability __knowledge__ These can be due to prolonged lack of oxygen or obstruction of the respiratory tract, damage to the brain during birth (due to the accidental misuse of forceps, for example) or the baby being born prematurely.", "Physical disability __knowledge__ These may also be caused due to genetic disorders or accidents.", "Physical disability __knowledge__ Post-natal disabilities are gained after birth.", "Physical disability __knowledge__ They can be due to accidents, obesity, infection or other illnesses.", "Physical disability __knowledge__ These may also be caused due to genetic disorders.", "Physical disability __knowledge__ Mobility impairment includes physical defects, including upper or lower limb loss or impairment, poor manual dexterity, and damage to one or more organs of the body.", "Physical disability __knowledge__ Disability in mobility can be a congenital or acquired problem, or a consequence of disease." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Physical disability __knowledge__ A physical disability is a limitation on a person's physical functioning, mobility, dexterity or stamina.", "Physical disability __knowledge__ Other physical disabilities include impairments which limit other facets of daily living, such as respiratory disorders, blindness, epilepsy and sleep disorders.", "Physical disability __knowledge__ Prenatal disabilities are acquired before birth.", "Physical disability __knowledge__ These may be due to diseases or substances that the mother has been exposed to during pregnancy, embryonic or fetal developmental accidents or genetic disorders.", "Physical disability __knowledge__ Perinatal disabilities are acquired between some weeks before to up to four weeks after birth in humans.", "Physical disability __knowledge__ These can be due to prolonged lack of oxygen or obstruction of the respiratory tract, damage to the brain during birth (due to the accidental misuse of forceps, for example) or the baby being born prematurely.", "Physical disability __knowledge__ These may also be caused due to genetic disorders or accidents.", "Physical disability __knowledge__ Post-natal disabilities are gained after birth.", "Physical disability __knowledge__ They can be due to accidents, obesity, infection or other illnesses.", "Physical disability __knowledge__ These may also be caused due to genetic disorders.", "Physical disability __knowledge__ Mobility impairment includes physical defects, including upper or lower limb loss or impairment, poor manual dexterity, and damage to one or more organs of the body.", "Physical disability __knowledge__ Disability in mobility can be a congenital or acquired problem, or a consequence of disease.", "Orc deities __knowledge__ In many campaign settings for the \"Dungeons & Dragons\" role-playing game, the orcish pantheon of gods consists of the leader, Gruumsh, as well as Bahgtru, Ilneval, Luthic, Shargaas and Yurtrus.", "Orc deities __knowledge__ Bahgtru is the orc deity of Strength and Combat.", "Orc deities __knowledge__ The son of Gruumsh and Luthic, Bahgtru has been described as a huge orc with bulging muscles and dirty tan skin.", "Orc deities __knowledge__ His eyes are dull green, and his glistening white tusks protrude from either side of his mouth.", "Orc deities __knowledge__ Bahgtru has also been described as \"awesomely stupid.\"", "Orc deities __knowledge__ Bahgtru lives in the orcish realm of \"Nishrek\".", "Orc deities __knowledge__ Bahgtru was first detailed in Roger E. Moore's article \"The Half-Orc Point of View,\" in \"Dragon\" #62 (TSR, 1982).", "Humble &amp; Fred __knowledge__ Humble & Fred is a Toronto-based Canadian radio show, featuring co-hosts \"Humble\" Howard Glassman and Fred Patterson, which has aired on a variety of Greater Toronto Area radio stations since 1989.", "Humble &amp; Fred __knowledge__ What eventually became the \"Humble & Fred\" show got initiated in 1989 by the incoming CFNY-FM program director Danny Kingsbury who wanted to stabilize the station's morning show situation that had been in flux ever since longtime \"Pete & Geets\" show went off the air in 1987.", "Humble &amp; Fred __knowledge__ After the aging duo left, the slot was taken over by 27-year-old MuchMusic VJ Steve Anthony who did the morning radio show in parallel with his music television job; due to a non-competing clause in his MuchMusic contract, in order to take the CFNY offer, he had to obtain MuchMusic's permission.", "Stamina therapy __knowledge__ Stamina therapy (also known as \"Stamina method\", or simply \"Stamina\") is a controversial alternative \"medical treatment\" invented by Italian former professor of psychology at the University of Udine Davide Vannoni, PhD (born 1967 in Turin), founder and president of \"Stamina Foundation\" (a self-declared nonprofit organization founded in 2009) and owner of a market research company.", "Stamina therapy __knowledge__ This \"therapy\", mainly aimed at neurodegenerative diseases, would rely on the conversion of mesenchymal stem cells into neurons and it is currently kept secret by its promoters and lacking in scientific validation proving any therapeutic effectiveness; it does not appear, moreover, that Vannoni ever published any article about Stamina therapy on scientific journals thus subjecting it to the usual peer review processes.", "Places of worship in Cherupuzha __knowledge__ St. Mary's Forane Church is one of the oldest houses of worship in Cherupuzha.", "Places of worship in Cherupuzha __knowledge__ This church, belonging to the Archdiocese of Tellicherry, was established in 1951 to take care of the spiritual needs of the Christians who migrated from South Kerala to Cherupuzha and the surrounding areas.", "Places of worship in Cherupuzha __knowledge__ For a profile from the Archdiocese of Tellicheri, go here.", "Places of worship in Cherupuzha __knowledge__ St. Mary's is a prime example of the communal and social harmony that Cherupuzha has enjoyed over the past decades.", "Places of worship in Cherupuzha __knowledge__ As a beacon of hope to all, this church has always had the full cooperation of the surrounding community: Hindu, Muslim, and Christian.", "Places of worship in Cherupuzha __knowledge__ In fact, over the years, people of all communities celebrated the annual parish festival (perunnal) with the Catholics by decorating their buildings and contributing to the festival atmosphere.", "Para-equestrian classification __knowledge__ Para-equestrian classification is a system for para-equestrian sport is a graded system based on the degree of physical or visual disability and handled at the international level by the FEI.", "Para-equestrian classification __knowledge__ The sport has eligible classifications for people with physical and vision disabilities.", "Para-equestrian classification __knowledge__ Groups of eligible riders include The sport is open to competitors with impaired muscle power, athetosis, impaired passive range of movement, hypertonia, limb deficiency, ataxia, leg length difference, short stature, and vision impairment.", "Para-equestrian classification __knowledge__ They are grouped into five different classes to allow fair competition.", "Para-equestrian classification __knowledge__ These classes are Grade Ia, Grade Ib, Grade II, Grade III, and Grade IV.", "World Trade Organization __knowledge__ The World Trade Organization (WTO) is an intergovernmental organization that regulates international trade.", "World Trade Organization __knowledge__ The WTO officially commenced on 1 January 1995 under the Marrakesh Agreement, signed by 123 nations on 15 April 1994, replacing the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), which commenced in 1948.", "World Trade Organization __knowledge__ It is the largest international economic organization in the world.", "World Trade Organization __knowledge__ The WTO deals with regulation of trade in goods, services and intellectual property between participating countries by providing a framework for negotiating trade agreements and a dispute resolution process aimed at enforcing participants' adherence to WTO agreements, which are signed by representatives of member governments and ratified by their parliaments.", "The Shootist __knowledge__ The Shootist is a 1976 American Western film directed by Don Siegel and starring John Wayne in his final film role.", "The Shootist __knowledge__ The film is based on a 1975 novel of the same name by Glendon Swarthout with a screenplay by Miles Hood Swarthout (the son of the author) and Scott Hale.", "The Shootist __knowledge__ The supporting cast includes Lauren Bacall, Ron Howard, James Stewart, Richard Boone, Hugh O'Brian, Harry Morgan, John Carradine, Sheree North, and Scatman Crothers.", "The Shootist __knowledge__ In 1977, \"The Shootist\" received an Academy Award nomination for Best Art Direction (Robert F. Boyle, Arthur Jeph Parker), a BAFTA Film Award nomination for Best Actress (Lauren Bacall), and a Golden Globe Award nomination for Best Supporting Actor (Ron Howard), as well as the National Board of Review Award as one of the .", "Disability __knowledge__ Disability is an impairment that may be cognitive, developmental, intellectual, mental, physical, sensory, or some combination of these.", "Disability __knowledge__ It substantially affects a person's life activities and may be present from birth or occur during a person's lifetime.", "Disability __knowledge__ Disability is a contested concept, with different meanings for different communities.", "Disability __knowledge__ It may be used to refer to physical or mental attributes that some institutions, particularly medicine, view as needing to be fixed (the medical model).", "Disability __knowledge__ It may refer to limitations imposed on people by the constraints of an ableist society (the social model).", "Disability in Australia __knowledge__ Four million people in Australia (18.5%) reported having a disability in 2009, according to the results of the Survey of Disability, Ageing and Carers.", "Disability in Australia __knowledge__ Males and females were similarly affected by disability (18% and 19% respectively).", "Disability in Australia __knowledge__ Just under one in five Australians (18.5%) reported disability in 2009.", "Disability in Australia __knowledge__ A further 21% had a long-term health condition that did not restrict their everyday activities.", "Disability in Australia __knowledge__ The remaining 60% of the Australian population had neither a disability nor a long term health condition.", "Disability in Australia __knowledge__ Of those with a reported disability, 87% had a specific limitation or restriction; that is, an impairment restricting their ability to perform communication, mobility or self-care activities, or a restriction associated with schooling or employment.", "Beatrice Wright (psychologist) __knowledge__ Beatrice Wright (born December 16, 1917) born Beatrice Ann Posner is an American psychologist known for her work in rehabilitation counseling.", "Beatrice Wright (psychologist) __knowledge__ She is the author of a seminal work on disability and psychology, Physical Disability—A Psychological Approach (1960) and its second edition retitled Physical Disability—A Psychosocial Approach (1983).", "Beatrice Wright (psychologist) __knowledge__ Beatrice Wright was born as Beatrice Ann Posner along with her twin brother Sidney in Richmond, New York on December 16, 1917.", "Beatrice Wright (psychologist) __knowledge__ Wright’s parents, Jerome and Sonia Posner, were Russian immigrants whose egalitarian and humanistic views would later impact her academic work.", "Mental disorder __knowledge__ A mental disorder, also called a mental illness or psychiatric disorder, is a behavioral or mental pattern that causes significant distress or impairment of personal functioning.", "Mental disorder __knowledge__ Such features may be persistent, relapsing and remitting, or occur as a single episode.", "Mental disorder __knowledge__ Many disorders have been described, with signs and symptoms that vary widely between specific disorders.", "Mental disorder __knowledge__ Such disorders may be diagnosed by a mental health professional.", "Mental disorder __knowledge__ The causes of mental disorders are often unclear.", "Mental disorder __knowledge__ Theories may incorporate findings from a range of fields.", "Mental disorder __knowledge__ Mental disorders are usually defined by a combination of how a person behaves, feels, perceives, or thinks.", "Intellectual disability __knowledge__ Intellectual disability (ID), also known as general learning disability, and mental retardation (MR), is a generalized neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by significantly impaired intellectual and adaptive functioning.", "Intellectual disability __knowledge__ It is defined by an IQ score under 70 in addition to deficits in two or more adaptive behaviors that affect everyday, general living.", "Intellectual disability __knowledge__ Once focused almost entirely on cognition, the definition now includes both a component relating to mental functioning and one relating to individuals' functional skills in their environments.", "Intellectual disability __knowledge__ As a result of this focus on the person's abilities in practice, a person with an unusually low IQ may not be considered to have intellectually disability.", "Summer Paralympic Games __knowledge__ The Summer Paralympic Games or the Games of the Paralympiad, are an international multi-sport event where athletes with physical disabilities compete.", "Summer Paralympic Games __knowledge__ This includes athletes with mobility disabilities, amputations, blindness, and cerebral palsy.", "Summer Paralympic Games __knowledge__ The Paralympic Games are held every four years, organized by the International Paralympic Committee.", "Summer Paralympic Games __knowledge__ Medals are awarded in each event, with gold medals for first place, silver for second and bronze for third, a tradition that the Olympic Games started in 1904.", "Summer Paralympic Games __knowledge__ The United States and the United Kingdom have each hosted two Summer Paralympic Games, more than any other nation." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Physical disability __knowledge__ A physical disability is a limitation on a person's physical functioning, mobility, dexterity or stamina.", "Physical disability __knowledge__ Other physical disabilities include impairments which limit other facets of daily living, such as respiratory disorders, blindness, epilepsy and sleep disorders.", "Physical disability __knowledge__ Prenatal disabilities are acquired before birth.", "Physical disability __knowledge__ These may be due to diseases or substances that the mother has been exposed to during pregnancy, embryonic or fetal developmental accidents or genetic disorders.", "Physical disability __knowledge__ Perinatal disabilities are acquired between some weeks before to up to four weeks after birth in humans.", "Physical disability __knowledge__ These can be due to prolonged lack of oxygen or obstruction of the respiratory tract, damage to the brain during birth (due to the accidental misuse of forceps, for example) or the baby being born prematurely.", "Physical disability __knowledge__ These may also be caused due to genetic disorders or accidents.", "Physical disability __knowledge__ Post-natal disabilities are gained after birth.", "Physical disability __knowledge__ They can be due to accidents, obesity, infection or other illnesses.", "Physical disability __knowledge__ These may also be caused due to genetic disorders.", "Physical disability __knowledge__ Mobility impairment includes physical defects, including upper or lower limb loss or impairment, poor manual dexterity, and damage to one or more organs of the body.", "Physical disability __knowledge__ Disability in mobility can be a congenital or acquired problem, or a consequence of disease.", "You Sound Good to Me __knowledge__ \"You Sound Good to Me\" is the song recorded by American country artist Lucy Hale.", "You Sound Good to Me __knowledge__ The song was written by Ashley Gorley, Luke Laird, and Hillary Lindsey, and was produced by Mike Daly.", "You Sound Good to Me __knowledge__ It was released to digital retailers on January 7, 2014 by DMG Nashville as the first single from Hale's debut album \"Road Between\".", "You Sound Good to Me __knowledge__ The song was generally well received by critics, praising its unique country pop sound, particularly in contrast to the teen pop of contemporary actresses-turned-singers on the Hollywood Records label.", "You Sound Good to Me __knowledge__ \"You Sound Good to Me\" peaked at numbers 21 and 47 on both the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Songs and Country Airplay charts respectively.", "Studio monitor __knowledge__ Studio monitors are loudspeakers in speaker enclosures specifically designed for professional audio production applications, such as recording studios, filmmaking, television studios, radio studios and project or home studios, where accurate audio reproduction is crucial.", "Studio monitor __knowledge__ Among audio engineers, the term \"monitor\" implies that the speaker is designed to produce relatively flat (linear) phase and frequency responses.", "Studio monitor __knowledge__ In other words, it exhibits minimal emphasis or de-emphasis of particular frequencies, the loudspeaker gives an accurate reproduction of the tonal qualities of the source audio (\"uncolored\" or \"transparent\" are synonyms), and there will be no relative phase shift of particular frequencies—meaning no distortion in sound-stage perspective for stereo recordings.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ Chris Cornell (born Christopher John Boyle; July 20, 1964 – May 18, 2017) was an American musician, singer, and songwriter.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ He was best known as the lead vocalist for the rock bands Soundgarden and Audioslave.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ Cornell was also known for his numerous solo works and soundtrack contributions since 1991, and as the founder and frontman for Temple of the Dog, the one-off tribute band dedicated to his late friend Andrew Wood.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ Cornell is considered one of the chief architects of the 1990s grunge movement, and is well known for his extensive catalog as a songwriter, his nearly four-octave vocal range, and his powerful vocal belting technique.", "Vespertine __knowledge__ Vespertine is the fourth solo album by Icelandic musician Björk, released on 27 August 2001, on One Little Indian Records.", "Vespertine __knowledge__ It was recorded at locations in Spain, Iceland, and the United States in 2000; production began during the filming of \"Dancer in the Dark\", which was characterized by conflict between the singer and director Lars von Trier.", "Vespertine __knowledge__ \"Björk\", a self-titled coffee table book containing photographs of the singer throughout her career, was released simultaneously with the album.", "Vespertine __knowledge__ \"Vespertine\"s sound reflected Björk's newly found interest in the music of artists such as Opiate and Console, who were also enlisted as producers.", "Eartha (musician) __knowledge__ Eartha, born Eartha Moore in Los Angeles, California, is an American female eclectic, alternative soul singer, songwriter, and musician.", "Eartha (musician) __knowledge__ The 5’11” sultry raspy-voice contralto who sports a honey-blonde buzz cut has garnered much attention in the underground club, urban, and indie circles.", "Eartha (musician) __knowledge__ While her musical style is a hybrid of many and evades categorization, she credits her biological mother Zinna Moore, Stevie Wonder and Donny Hathaway as her main musical influences.", "Eartha (musician) __knowledge__ Eartha, who is signed to indie label AFRT Music, founded by identical twins, Grammy Award-winning producers Glaurys Ariass and Helsa Ariass, debuted her first release \"This I Know\" in 2000.", "Bass amplifier __knowledge__ A bass amplifier or \"bass amp\" is a musical instrument electronic device that uses electrical power to make lower-pitched instruments such as the bass guitar or double bass loud enough to be heard by the performers and audience.", "Bass amplifier __knowledge__ Bass amps typically consist of a preamplifier, tone controls, a power amplifier and one or more loudspeakers (\"drivers\") in a cabinet.", "Bass amplifier __knowledge__ While bass amps share many features with the guitar amplifiers used for electric guitar, such as providing an amplifier with tone and volume controls and a carrying handle, they are distinct from other types of amplification systems, due to the particular challenges associated with low-frequency sound reproduction.", "Sound film __knowledge__ A sound film is a motion picture with synchronized sound, or sound technologically coupled to image, as opposed to a silent film.", "Sound film __knowledge__ The first known public exhibition of projected sound films took place in Paris in 1900, but decades passed before sound motion pictures were made commercially practical.", "Sound film __knowledge__ Reliable synchronization was difficult to achieve with the early sound-on-disc systems, and amplification and recording quality were also inadequate.", "Sound film __knowledge__ Innovations in sound-on-film led to the first commercial screening of short motion pictures using the technology, which took place in 1923.", "Sound film __knowledge__ The primary steps in the commercialization of sound cinema were taken in the mid- to late 1920s.", "Santiago de Murcia __knowledge__ Santiago de Murcia (25 July 1673 – 25 April 1739) was a Spanish guitarist and composer.", "Santiago de Murcia __knowledge__ Until new research was published in 2008, few details about the life of Santiago de Murcia were known.", "Santiago de Murcia __knowledge__ However it is now known that he was born in Madrid and that his parents were Juan de Murcia and Magdalena Hernandez.", "Santiago de Murcia __knowledge__ He married Josefa Garcia in May 1695.", "Santiago de Murcia __knowledge__ In his printed collection of guitar music, \"Resumen de acompañar,\" Murcia describes himself as Master of Guitar to the Spanish Queen Maria Luisa of Savoy.", "Santiago de Murcia __knowledge__ She was the first wife of the first Bourbon king of Spain, Philip (Felipe) V, a grandson of Louis XIV of France who succeeded to the Spanish throne on the death of Carlos II in November 1700.", "CAP Ciudad de Murcia __knowledge__ Club de Accionariado Popular Ciudad de Murcia is a Spanish football club based in Murcia.", "CAP Ciudad de Murcia __knowledge__ Founded in 2010, it currently plays in Tercera División.", "CAP Ciudad de Murcia __knowledge__ The club was founded in October 2010 by a group of supporters of dissolved CF Ciudad de Murcia, which relocated in 2006, and was founded after CF Atlético Ciudad, its original reserve team which \"de facto\" acted as its first team for four years, was dissolved in 2010.", "CAP Ciudad de Murcia __knowledge__ The club is owned and democratically run by its supporters.", "CAP Ciudad de Murcia __knowledge__ On September 25, 2011, Ciudad de Murcia played its first official game in Segunda Autonómica de Murcia, seventh tier, and defeated CDA Ciudad de Cehegín by 2–0.", "John French, 1st Earl of Ypres __knowledge__ Field Marshal John Denton Pinkstone French, 1st Earl of Ypres, (28 September 1852 – 22 May 1925), known as Sir John French from 1901 to 1916, and as The Viscount French between 1916 and 1922, was a senior British Army officer.", "John French, 1st Earl of Ypres __knowledge__ Born in Kent to an Anglo-Irish family, he saw brief service as a midshipman in the Royal Navy, before becoming a cavalry officer.", "John French, 1st Earl of Ypres __knowledge__ He achieved rapid promotion and distinguished himself on the Gordon Relief Expedition.", "John French, 1st Earl of Ypres __knowledge__ French had a considerable reputation as a womaniser throughout his life and his career nearly ended when he was cited in the divorce of a brother officer whilst in India in the early 1890s.", "Ste Hay __knowledge__ Steven \"Ste\" Hay (also McQueen) is a fictional character from the British Channel 4 soap opera \"Hollyoaks\", played by Kieron Richardson.", "Ste Hay __knowledge__ He debuted on-screen during the episode airing on 17 February 2006.", "Ste Hay __knowledge__ Ste was created by David Hanson and was originally intended to be a short-term character for seven episodes.", "Ste Hay __knowledge__ The following series producer Bryan Kirkwood decided to bring the character back on a permanent basis.", "Ste Hay __knowledge__ As of 2010, Richardson has revealed that he is committed to staying in the serial.", "Ste Hay __knowledge__ In April 2017, Richardson began taking small breaks from the show due to paternity leave, and made a full-time return on 18 December 2017.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Langalibalele __knowledge__ Langalibalele (isiHlubi: The sun is boiling hot), also known as Mtetwa (c1814 – 1889), was king of the amaHlubi, a Bantu tribe in what is the modern-day province of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.", "Langalibalele __knowledge__ He was born on the eve of the arrival of European settlers in the province.", "Langalibalele __knowledge__ After conflict with the Zulu king Mpande, he fled with his people to the Colony of Natal in 1848.", "Langalibalele __knowledge__ During the diamond rush of the 1870s, many of his young men worked on the mines in Kimberley where they acquired guns.", "Langalibalele __knowledge__ In 1873 the colonial authorities of Natal demanded that the guns be registered, Langalibalele refused and a stand-off ensued, resulting in a violent skirmish in which European troopers were killed.", "Anglo-Zulu War __knowledge__ The Anglo-Zulu War was fought in 1879 between the British Empire and the Zulu Kingdom.", "Anglo-Zulu War __knowledge__ Following Lord Carnarvon's successful introduction of federation in Canada, it was thought that similar political effort, coupled with military campaigns, might succeed with the African kingdoms, tribal areas and Boer republics in South Africa.", "Anglo-Zulu War __knowledge__ In 1874, Sir Henry Bartle Frere was sent to South Africa as High Commissioner for the British Empire to bring such plans into being.", "Anglo-Zulu War __knowledge__ Among the obstacles were the presence of the independent states of the South African Republic and the Kingdom of Zululand and its army.", "Anglo-Zulu War __knowledge__ Frere, on his own initiative, without the approval of the British government and with the intent of instigating a war with the Zulu, had presented an ultimatum on 11 December 1878, to the Zulu king Cetshwayo with which the Zulu king could not comply, including disbanding his army and abandoning key cultural traditions." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Physical disability __knowledge__ A physical disability is a limitation on a person's physical functioning, mobility, dexterity or stamina.", "Physical disability __knowledge__ Other physical disabilities include impairments which limit other facets of daily living, such as respiratory disorders, blindness, epilepsy and sleep disorders.", "Physical disability __knowledge__ Prenatal disabilities are acquired before birth.", "Physical disability __knowledge__ These may be due to diseases or substances that the mother has been exposed to during pregnancy, embryonic or fetal developmental accidents or genetic disorders.", "Physical disability __knowledge__ Perinatal disabilities are acquired between some weeks before to up to four weeks after birth in humans.", "Physical disability __knowledge__ These can be due to prolonged lack of oxygen or obstruction of the respiratory tract, damage to the brain during birth (due to the accidental misuse of forceps, for example) or the baby being born prematurely.", "Physical disability __knowledge__ These may also be caused due to genetic disorders or accidents.", "Physical disability __knowledge__ Post-natal disabilities are gained after birth.", "Physical disability __knowledge__ They can be due to accidents, obesity, infection or other illnesses.", "Physical disability __knowledge__ These may also be caused due to genetic disorders.", "Physical disability __knowledge__ Mobility impairment includes physical defects, including upper or lower limb loss or impairment, poor manual dexterity, and damage to one or more organs of the body.", "Physical disability __knowledge__ Disability in mobility can be a congenital or acquired problem, or a consequence of disease.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Björk __knowledge__ Björk Guðmundsdóttir (, born 21 November 1965), known as Björk (), is an Icelandic singer, songwriter, actress, record producer, and DJ.", "Björk __knowledge__ Over her four-decade career, she has developed an eclectic musical style that draws on a wide range of influences and genres spanning electronic, pop, experimental, classical, trip hop, IDM, and avant-garde styles.", "Björk __knowledge__ She initially became known as the lead singer of the alternative rock band The Sugarcubes, whose 1987 single \"Birthday\" was a hit on US and UK indie stations and a favorite among music critics.", "Björk __knowledge__ Björk embarked on a solo career in 1993, coming to prominence as a solo artist with albums such as \"Debut\" (1993), \"Post\" (1995), and \"Homogenic\" (1997), while collaborating with a range of artists and exploring a variety of multimedia projects.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Pet Sounds is the eleventh studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released on May 16, 1966.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ It initially met with a lukewarm critical and commercial response in the United States, peaking at number 10 in the \"Billboard\" 200, a significantly lower placement than the band's preceding albums.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the album was hailed by its music press and was an immediate commercial success, peaking at number 2 in the UK Top 40 Albums Chart and remaining among the top ten positions for six months.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Originally promoted as \"the most progressive pop album ever\", \"Pet Sounds\" attracted recognition for its ambitious recording and unusually sophisticated music, and is widely considered to be one of the most influential albums in music history.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "List of Disney's Aladdin characters __knowledge__ Disney's \"Aladdin\" franchise features an extensive cast of fictional characters.", "List of Disney's Aladdin characters __knowledge__ The lead character of the series is Aladdin, who was originally a street urchin.", "List of Disney's Aladdin characters __knowledge__ During the course of the franchise, he starts living in the palace of Agrabah and becomes engaged to Princess Jasmine.", "List of Disney's Aladdin characters __knowledge__ Aladdin (, \")\", is the protagonist of the franchise, a street child who ends up becoming the prince of Agrabah after meeting Jasmine in the streets and being recruited by Jafar to retrieve the magical lamp from the Cave of Wonders.", "List of Disney's Aladdin characters __knowledge__ He is voiced by Scott Weinger when speaking and Brad Kane when singing.", "List of Disney's Aladdin characters __knowledge__ Jasmine is the rebellious princess of Agrabah, who flees the palace in revolt to her obligation to be married to a prince.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Variable-frequency oscillator __knowledge__ A variable frequency oscillator (VFO) in electronics is an oscillator whose frequency can be tuned (i.e., varied) over some range.", "Variable-frequency oscillator __knowledge__ It is a necessary component in any tunable radio receiver or transmitter that works by the superheterodyne principle, and controls the frequency to which the apparatus is tuned.", "Variable-frequency oscillator __knowledge__ In a simple superhet radio receiver, the incoming radio frequency signal (at frequency formula_1) from the antenna is \"mixed\" with the VFO output signal tuned to formula_2, producing an intermediate frequency (\"IF\") signal that can be processed downstream to extract the modulated information.", "Vackář oscillator __knowledge__ A Vackář oscillator is a wide range variable frequency oscillator (VFO) that strives for a near constant output amplitude over its frequency range.", "Vackář oscillator __knowledge__ It is similar to a Colpitts oscillator or a Clapp oscillator, but those designs do not have a constant output amplitude when tuned.", "Vackář oscillator __knowledge__ In 1949, the Czech engineer Jiří Vackář published a paper on the design of stable variable-frequency oscillators (VFO).", "Vackář oscillator __knowledge__ The paper discussed many stability issues such as variations with temperature, atmospheric pressure, component aging, and microphonics.", "Vackář oscillator __knowledge__ For example, Vackář describes making inductors by first heating the wire and then winding the wire on a stable ceramic coil form.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Hillary Clinton, the nominee of the Democratic Party for president of the United States in 2016, has taken positions on political issues while serving as First Lady of Arkansas (1979–81; 1983–92), First Lady of the United States (1993–2001); as U.S.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Senator from New York (2001–2009); and serving as the United States Secretary of State (2009–2013).", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In accordance with longstanding custom, during her time as Secretary of State she largely avoided taking stances on most domestic political issues.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In 2015, she announced her candidacy for the presidency.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Clinton won the Democratic primaries and formally became the party's nominee at the 2016 Democratic National Convention.", "Infidelity __knowledge__ Infidelity (synonyms include: cheating, adultery (when married), netorare (NTR), being unfaithful, or having an affair) is a violation of a couple's assumed or stated contract regarding emotional and/or sexual exclusivity.", "Infidelity __knowledge__ Other scholars define infidelity as a violation according to the subjective feeling that one's partner has violated a set of rules or relationship norms; this violation results in feelings of sexual jealousy and rivalry.", "Infidelity __knowledge__ What constitutes an act of infidelity depends upon the exclusivity expectations within the relationship.", "Infidelity __knowledge__ In marital relationships, exclusivity expectations are commonly assumed although they are not always met.", "Ehlers–Danlos syndromes __knowledge__ Ehlers–Danlos syndromes (EDS) are a group of genetic connective tissue disorders.", "Ehlers–Danlos syndromes __knowledge__ Symptoms may include loose joints, stretchy skin, and abnormal scar formation.", "Ehlers–Danlos syndromes __knowledge__ These can be noticed at birth or in early childhood.", "Ehlers–Danlos syndromes __knowledge__ Complications may include aortic dissection, joint dislocations, scoliosis, chronic pain, or early osteoarthritis.", "Ehlers–Danlos syndromes __knowledge__ EDS is due to a mutation in one of more than a dozen different genes.", "Ehlers–Danlos syndromes __knowledge__ The specific gene affected determines the type of EDS.", "Ehlers–Danlos syndromes __knowledge__ Some cases result from a new mutation occurring during early development while others are inherited in an autosomal dominant or recessive manner.", "Ehlers–Danlos syndromes __knowledge__ This results in defects in the structure or processing of collagen.", "Pakistan–United States relations __knowledge__ Pakistan–United States relations refers to the bilateral relationship between Pakistan and the United States.", "Pakistan–United States relations __knowledge__ On 20 October 1947, two months and six days after Pakistan's independence, the United States established relations with Pakistan, making it amongst the first nations to establish relations with the new state.", "Pakistan–United States relations __knowledge__ Pakistan allied itself with the U.S. during the Cold war era against the Soviet Union, and was an integral player in the CENTO and SEATO organizations.", "Pakistan–United States relations __knowledge__ Pakistan also played a crucial role in arranging the 1972 Nixon visit to China which led to normalization of ties between the two countries.", "All-Russian Fascist Organisation __knowledge__ The All-Russian Fascist Organization (VFO) was a Russian white émigré group led by Anastasy Vonsyatsky.", "All-Russian Fascist Organisation __knowledge__ It was based in Putnam, Connecticut, United States and was founded on May 10, 1933.", "All-Russian Fascist Organisation __knowledge__ In 1934, in Yokohama, the Russian Fascist Party (RFP) and VFO attempted to merge into a new entity, the All-Russia Fascist Party.", "All-Russian Fascist Organisation __knowledge__ On April 3, 1934, representatives from both organisations signed a protocol number 1, which proclaimed the merger of RFP and VFO and the creation of the All-Russia Fascist Party (VFP).", "All-Russian Fascist Organisation __knowledge__ The new organisation was intended to connect the RFP's organizational structure with the financial resources of the VFO." ] ]

[ 1, 8, 0, 9 ]

[ "Do you have a physical disability? it is a limitation of functioning, I have stamina issues", "It was apparently developed post-natal, so after birth, an it has become progresively worse, so it is getting there", "Not really, even activity does not help strengthen it", "Me too, what makes it worse is I never had any accidents, obesity, or illnesses, it just happened" ]

[ "Physical disability", "Physical disability", "Physical disability", "Physical disability" ]

[ "Baseball\nI love summer, in part because it's the season of baseball. I'm a huge Toronto Blue Jays fan. You?", "No clock. Games can and sometimes do last for hours! ", "I like to go to the stadium and drink expensive beer. Which team do you root for?", "I don't know a lot about Cricket, but I think it's definitely more gentlemanly than baseball. Less spitting for sure!", "I do liek the Sox, I cheer for whoever isn't the yankees. " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of nine players each who take turns batting and fielding.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The batting team attempts to score runs by hitting a ball (that is thrown by the opposing team's pitcher) with a bat swung by the batter, and then running counter-clockwise around a series of four bases: first, second, third, and home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A run is scored when a player advances around the bases and touches home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Players on the batting team take turns hitting against the pitcher of the fielding team, which tries to prevent runs by getting hitters out in any of several ways.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A player on the batting team who reaches a base safely can later attempt to advance to subsequent bases during teammates' turns batting, such as on a hit or by other means.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The teams switch between batting and fielding whenever the fielding team records three outs.", "Baseball __knowledge__ One turn batting for both teams, beginning with the visiting team, constitutes an inning.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A game is composed of nine innings, and the team with the greater number of runs at the end of the game wins.", "Baseball __knowledge__ If scores are tied at the end of nine innings, extra innings are usually played.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball has no game clock, although most games end in the ninth inning.", "Toronto Blue Jays minor league players __knowledge__ Below is a partial list of Minor League Baseball players in the Toronto Blue Jays and rosters of their minor league affiliates.", "Toronto Blue Jays minor league players __knowledge__ Cavan Thomas Biggio (born April 11, 1995) is an American professional baseball second baseman in the Toronto Blue Jays organization.", "Toronto Blue Jays minor league players __knowledge__ Biggio attended St. Thomas High School in his hometown of Houston, Texas.", "Toronto Blue Jays minor league players __knowledge__ He lettered four times in both baseball and football, and was selected by the Philadelphia Phillies in the 29th round of the 2013 Major League Baseball draft, but did not sign and chose to attend the University of Notre Dame.", "Toronto Blue Jays minor league players __knowledge__ In three seasons with the Fighting Irish, Biggio batted .272 with 15 home runs, 70 runs batted in, and 33 stolen bases.", "Toronto Blue Jays __knowledge__ The Toronto Blue Jays are a Canadian professional baseball team based in Toronto, Ontario.", "Toronto Blue Jays __knowledge__ The Blue Jays compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) East division.", "Toronto Blue Jays __knowledge__ The team plays its home games at the Rogers Centre.", "Toronto Blue Jays __knowledge__ The \"Blue Jays\" name originates from the bird of the same name, and blue is also the traditional colour of two of Toronto's other professional sports teams: the Maple Leafs (ice hockey) and the Argonauts (Canadian football).", "Toronto Blue Jays __knowledge__ In addition, the team was originally owned by the Labatt Brewing Company, makers of the popular beer Labatt's Blue.", "Toronto Blue Jays __knowledge__ Colloquially nicknamed the \"Jays\", the team's official colours are royal blue, navy blue, red, and white.", "History of the Toronto Blue Jays __knowledge__ The Toronto Blue Jays came into existence in 1976, as one of two teams slated to join the American League for the following season (the other being the Seattle Mariners), via the 1977 Major League Baseball expansion.", "History of the Toronto Blue Jays __knowledge__ Toronto had been mentioned as a potential major league city as early as the 1880s, and had been home to the Toronto Maple Leafs baseball team of the International League, from 1896 to 1967.", "History of the Toronto Blue Jays __knowledge__ This article covers from the inception of the Toronto Blue Jays to the end of the 2015 season, Alex Anthopoulos' final season as general manager of the Blue Jays.", "History of the Toronto Blue Jays __knowledge__ In January 1976, San Francisco Giants owner Horace Stoneham agreed to sell the team for $13.25 million to a Toronto group which was led by Don McDougall and consisted of Labatt Breweries of Canada, Ltd., Vulcan Assets Ltd. – owned by \"The Globe and Mail\" chairman and president Howard Webster – and Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce (CIBC).", "2016 Toronto Blue Jays season __knowledge__ The 2016 Toronto Blue Jays season was the 40th season of the franchise in the American League East division of Major League Baseball, and the 27th full season of play (28th overall) at Rogers Centre.", "2016 Toronto Blue Jays season __knowledge__ They advanced to the playoffs where they defeated the Baltimore Orioles in the Wild Card Game and the Texas Rangers in the Division Series, before losing to the Cleveland Indians in five games in the American League Championship Series.", "2016 Toronto Blue Jays season __knowledge__ General manager Alex Anthopoulos rejected a five-year contract extension on October 29, 2015, and team president Paul Beeston retired on October 31.", "2016 Toronto Blue Jays season __knowledge__ New Blue Jays president and CEO Mark Shapiro, who assumed the roles on November 2, 2015, announced that Tony LaCava was assigned as the interim general manager and that John Gibbons would remain as the manager.", "2015 Toronto Blue Jays season __knowledge__ The 2015 Toronto Blue Jays season was the 39th season for the franchise, and the 26th full season of play (27th overall) at Rogers Centre.", "2015 Toronto Blue Jays season __knowledge__ The Blue Jays clinched a playoff berth on September 25, their first since 1993, ending what was the longest playoff drought in North American professional sports at the time.", "2015 Toronto Blue Jays season __knowledge__ On September 30, the team clinched the American League East Division and opened the playoffs by defeating the Texas Rangers in five games, in the American League Division Series.", "2015 Toronto Blue Jays season __knowledge__ The Blue Jays were eliminated in a playoff series for the first time since 1991, losing to the Kansas City Royals in six games, in the American League Championship Series.", "2010 Toronto Blue Jays season __knowledge__ The 2010 Toronto Blue Jays season was the 34th season of Major League Baseball's Toronto Blue Jays franchise, and the team's 21st full season of play (22nd overall) at the Rogers Centre.", "2010 Toronto Blue Jays season __knowledge__ The 2010 season was the first under general manager Alex Anthopoulos, who replaced J. P. Ricciardi after the 2009 season.", "2010 Toronto Blue Jays season __knowledge__ After a poor 2009 season in which the Blue Jays finished with a 75–87 record, 2010 saw the team improve by 10 games, finishing with an 85–77 record and in fourth place in the American League East.", "2010 Toronto Blue Jays season __knowledge__ Led by José Bautista, whose 54 home runs set a franchise record and led the Major Leagues, the team also set a franchise record with 257 home runs.", "2017 Toronto Blue Jays season __knowledge__ The 2017 Toronto Blue Jays season was the 41st season of the franchise in the American League East division of Major League Baseball, and the 27th full season of play (28th overall) at Rogers Centre.", "2017 Toronto Blue Jays season __knowledge__ For the first time since the 2014 season, the Blue Jays failed to make it to the postseason, finishing fourth in the AL East with a 76–86 record.", "2017 Toronto Blue Jays season __knowledge__ The Blue Jays offseason began on October 19, 2016, when they were eliminated by the Cleveland Indians in the American League Championship Series.", "2017 Toronto Blue Jays season __knowledge__ On October 24, general manager Ross Atkins held a press conference at the Rogers Centre to discuss the team's offseason plans." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of nine players each who take turns batting and fielding.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The batting team attempts to score runs by hitting a ball (that is thrown by the opposing team's pitcher) with a bat swung by the batter, and then running counter-clockwise around a series of four bases: first, second, third, and home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A run is scored when a player advances around the bases and touches home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Players on the batting team take turns hitting against the pitcher of the fielding team, which tries to prevent runs by getting hitters out in any of several ways.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A player on the batting team who reaches a base safely can later attempt to advance to subsequent bases during teammates' turns batting, such as on a hit or by other means.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The teams switch between batting and fielding whenever the fielding team records three outs.", "Baseball __knowledge__ One turn batting for both teams, beginning with the visiting team, constitutes an inning.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A game is composed of nine innings, and the team with the greater number of runs at the end of the game wins.", "Baseball __knowledge__ If scores are tied at the end of nine innings, extra innings are usually played.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball has no game clock, although most games end in the ninth inning.", "History of timekeeping devices __knowledge__ For thousands of years, devices have been used to measure and keep track of time.", "History of timekeeping devices __knowledge__ The current sexagesimal system of time measurement dates to approximately 2000  from the Sumerians.", "History of timekeeping devices __knowledge__ The Egyptians divided the day into two 12-hour periods, and used large obelisks to track the movement of the sun.", "History of timekeeping devices __knowledge__ They also developed water clocks, which were probably first used in the Precinct of Amun-Re, and later outside Egypt as well; they were employed frequently by the Ancient Greeks, who called them \"clepsydrae\".", "History of timekeeping devices __knowledge__ The Zhou dynasty is believed to have used the outflow water clock around the same time, devices which were introduced from Mesopotamia as early as 2000.", "Clock __knowledge__ A clock is an instrument to measure, keep, and indicate time.", "Clock __knowledge__ The word \"clock\" is derived (via Dutch, Northern French, and Medieval Latin) from the Celtic words \"clagan\" and \"clocca\" meaning \"bell\".", "Clock __knowledge__ A silent instrument missing such a striking mechanism has traditionally been known as a timepiece.", "Clock __knowledge__ In general usage today, a \"clock\" refers to any device for measuring and displaying the time.", "Clock __knowledge__ Watches and other timepieces that can be carried on one's person are often distinguished from clocks.", "Clock __knowledge__ The clock is one of the oldest human inventions, meeting the need to measure intervals of time shorter than the natural units: the day, the lunar month, and the year.", "Astronomical clock __knowledge__ An astronomical clock is a clock with special mechanisms and dials to display astronomical information, such as the relative positions of the sun, moon, zodiacal constellations, and sometimes major planets.", "Astronomical clock __knowledge__ The term is loosely used to refer to any clock that shows, in addition to the time of day, astronomical information.", "Astronomical clock __knowledge__ This could include the location of the sun and moon in the sky, the age and Lunar phases, the position of the sun on the ecliptic and the current zodiac sign, the sidereal time, and other astronomical data such as the moon's nodes (for indicating eclipses) or a rotating star map.", "Daylight saving time __knowledge__ Daylight saving time (abbreviated DST), commonly referred to as daylight savings time in speech, and known as summer time in some countries, is the practice of advancing clocks during summer months so that evening daylight lasts longer, while sacrificing normal sunrise times.", "Daylight saving time __knowledge__ Typically, regions that use daylight saving time adjust clocks forward one hour close to the start of spring and adjust them backward in the autumn to standard time.", "Daylight saving time __knowledge__ George Hudson proposed the idea of daylight saving in 1895.", "Daylight saving time __knowledge__ The German Empire and Austria-Hungary organized the first nationwide implementation, starting on April 30, 1916.", "Big Ben __knowledge__ Big Ben is the nickname for the Great Bell of the clock at the north end of the Palace of Westminster in London and is usually extended to refer to both the clock and the clock tower.", "Big Ben __knowledge__ The tower is officially Elizabeth Tower, renamed to celebrate the Diamond Jubilee of Elizabeth II in 2012; before that, it was known simply as the Clock Tower.", "Big Ben __knowledge__ The tower was designed by Augustus Pugin in a neo-gothic style.", "Big Ben __knowledge__ When completed in 1859, it was, says horologist Ian Westworth, \"the prince of timekeepers: the biggest, most accurate four-faced striking and chiming clock in the world\".", "Big Ben __knowledge__ It stands tall, and the climb from ground level to the belfry is 334 steps.", "Beat the Clock __knowledge__ Beat the Clock is a Goodson-Todman game show that aired on American television in several versions from 1950 to 2003.", "Beat the Clock __knowledge__ The original show, hosted by Bud Collyer, ran on CBS from 1950 to 1958 and on ABC from 1958 to 1961.", "Beat the Clock __knowledge__ The show was revived in syndication as \"The New Beat the Clock\" from 1969 to 1974, with Jack Narz as host until 1972, when he was replaced by the show's announcer, Gene Wood.", "Beat the Clock __knowledge__ Another version ran on CBS from 1979 to 1980 (as \"The All-New Beat the Clock\", and later as \"All-New All-Star Beat the Clock\"), with Monty Hall as host and Narz as announcer.", "Beat the Clock __knowledge__ The most recent version aired from 2002 to 2003 on PAX (now ION) with Gary Kroeger and Julielinh Parker as co-hosts.", "Cuckoo clock __knowledge__ A cuckoo clock is a typically pendulum-regulated clock that strikes the hours with a sound like a common cuckoo's call and has an automated cuckoo bird that moves with each note.", "Cuckoo clock __knowledge__ Some move their wings and open/close their beaks while leaning forward, whereas in others, only the bird's body leans forward.", "Cuckoo clock __knowledge__ The mechanism to produce the cuckoo call has been in use since the middle of the 18th century and has remained almost without variation until the present.", "Cuckoo clock __knowledge__ It is unknown who invented it and where the first one was made.", "Cuckoo clock __knowledge__ It is thought that much of its development and evolution was made in the Black Forest area in southwestern Germany (State of Baden-Württemberg), the region where the cuckoo clock was popularized.", "2017 Washington Nationals season __knowledge__ The 2017 Washington Nationals season was the Nationals' 13th season as the baseball franchise of Major League Baseball in the District of Columbia, the 10th season at Nationals Park, and the 49th since the original team was started in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.", "2017 Washington Nationals season __knowledge__ They won the National League East division title for the fourth time in six years but were defeated by the Chicago Cubs in the Division Series.", "2017 Washington Nationals season __knowledge__ The Washington Nationals announced in October 2016 that their entire coaching staff would return for the 2017 season, led by manager Dusty Baker.", "2017 Washington Nationals season __knowledge__ The team lost several players to free agency after the 2016 season, including right-handed relief pitcher Matt Belisle, left-handed reliever Sean Burnett, infielder Stephen Drew, outfielder Chris Heisey, right-handed pitcher Mat Latos, closer Mark Melancon, catcher Wilson Ramos, and left-handed reliever Marc Rzepczynski.", "2016 Washington Nationals season __knowledge__ The 2016 Washington Nationals season was the Nationals' 12th season as the baseball franchise of Major League Baseball in the District of Columbia, the ninth season at Nationals Park, and the 48th since the original team was started in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.", "2016 Washington Nationals season __knowledge__ They won the National League East division title for the third time in five years, posting a 95–67 record, and were defeated by the Los Angeles Dodgers in five games in the Division Series.", "2016 Washington Nationals season __knowledge__ Less than 24 hours after the end of the 2015 season, manager Matt Williams and his entire coaching staff were dismissed.", "2016 Washington Nationals season __knowledge__ Some coaches were offered other positions in the organization, with bench coach Randy Knorr notably accepting a position as senior assistant to general manager Mike Rizzo for player development.", "2016 Toronto Blue Jays season __knowledge__ The 2016 Toronto Blue Jays season was the 40th season of the franchise in the American League East division of Major League Baseball, and the 27th full season of play (28th overall) at Rogers Centre.", "2016 Toronto Blue Jays season __knowledge__ They advanced to the playoffs where they defeated the Baltimore Orioles in the Wild Card Game and the Texas Rangers in the Division Series, before losing to the Cleveland Indians in five games in the American League Championship Series.", "2016 Toronto Blue Jays season __knowledge__ General manager Alex Anthopoulos rejected a five-year contract extension on October 29, 2015, and team president Paul Beeston retired on October 31.", "2016 Toronto Blue Jays season __knowledge__ New Blue Jays president and CEO Mark Shapiro, who assumed the roles on November 2, 2015, announced that Tony LaCava was assigned as the interim general manager and that John Gibbons would remain as the manager.", "2017 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ The 2017 St. Louis Cardinals season was the 136th for the St. Louis Cardinals of Major League Baseball (MLB), a franchise in St. Louis, Missouri.", "2017 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ It was the 126th season for the Cardinals in the National League (NL), and their 12th at Busch Stadium III.", "2017 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ For the first time since the 2007-2008 seasons, the Cardinals missed the playoffs in consecutive years, with a September 28 loss, in 2016-2017.", "2017 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ Major League Baseball and the Players' Association reached a new, tentative CBA contract to reduce the 15-day disabled list timetable to 10-days.", "2017 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ This change will allow teams to make quicker decisions on whether to bring up a roster replacement rather than wait to see if the injured player would be ready to return to action in less than two weeks.", "1926 World Series __knowledge__ The 1926 World Series, the 23rd playing of Major League Baseball's championship series, pitted the National League champion St. Louis Cardinals against the American League champion New York Yankees.", "1926 World Series __knowledge__ The Cardinals defeated the Yankees four games to three in the best-of-seven series, which took place from October 2 to 10, 1926, at Yankee Stadium and Sportsman's Park.", "1926 World Series __knowledge__ This was the first World Series appearance (and first National League pennant win) for the Cardinals, and would be the first of eleven World Series championships in Cardinals history.", "1926 World Series __knowledge__ The Yankees were playing in their fourth World Series in six years after winning their first American League pennant in 1921 and their first world championship in 1923.", "2010 Philadelphia Phillies season __knowledge__ The Philadelphia Phillies' 2010 season was the 128th season in the history of the franchise.", "2010 Philadelphia Phillies season __knowledge__ As the two-time defending National League champion—having appeared in the 2008 and 2009 World Series—the Phillies won their fourth consecutive National League East championship, and also finished with the best record in baseball.", "2010 Philadelphia Phillies season __knowledge__ After sweeping the Cincinnati Reds in the NLDS, however, the team lost to the San Francisco Giants in the NLCS.", "2010 Philadelphia Phillies season __knowledge__ The Phillies announced, following the 2009 World Series, that they would pick up their 1-year, $9 million option on starting pitcher Cliff Lee, who posted a 4–0 record in the previous postseason." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of nine players each who take turns batting and fielding.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The batting team attempts to score runs by hitting a ball (that is thrown by the opposing team's pitcher) with a bat swung by the batter, and then running counter-clockwise around a series of four bases: first, second, third, and home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A run is scored when a player advances around the bases and touches home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Players on the batting team take turns hitting against the pitcher of the fielding team, which tries to prevent runs by getting hitters out in any of several ways.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A player on the batting team who reaches a base safely can later attempt to advance to subsequent bases during teammates' turns batting, such as on a hit or by other means.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The teams switch between batting and fielding whenever the fielding team records three outs.", "Baseball __knowledge__ One turn batting for both teams, beginning with the visiting team, constitutes an inning.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A game is composed of nine innings, and the team with the greater number of runs at the end of the game wins.", "Baseball __knowledge__ If scores are tied at the end of nine innings, extra innings are usually played.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball has no game clock, although most games end in the ninth inning.", "Low-alcohol beer __knowledge__ Low-alcohol beer (also called light beer, non-alcoholic beer, small beer, small ale, or near-beer) is beer with little or no alcohol content , which aims to reproduce the taste of beer without the inebriating effects of standard alcoholic brews.", "Low-alcohol beer __knowledge__ Most low-alcohol beers are lagers, but there are some low-alcohol ales.", "Low-alcohol beer __knowledge__ In the United States, beverages containing less than 0.5% alcohol by volume (ABV) were legally called non-alcoholic, according to the now-defunct Volstead Act.", "Low-alcohol beer __knowledge__ Because of its very low alcohol content, non-alcoholic beer may be legally sold to minors in many American states.", "Low-alcohol beer __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the following definitions apply by law (correct as of May 2007): In some parts of the European Union, beer must contain no more than 0.5% ABV if it is labelled \"alcohol-free\".", "Beer __knowledge__ Beer is one of the oldest and most widely consumed alcoholic drinks in the world, and the third most popular drink overall after water and tea.", "Beer __knowledge__ Beer is brewed from cereal grains—most commonly from malted barley, though wheat, maize (corn), and rice are also used.", "Beer __knowledge__ During the brewing process, fermentation of the starch sugars in the wort produces ethanol and carbonation in the resulting beer.", "Beer __knowledge__ Most modern beer is brewed with hops, which add bitterness and other flavours and act as a natural preservative and stabilizing agent.", "Beer __knowledge__ Other flavouring agents such as gruit, herbs, or fruits may be included or used instead of hops.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Medieval cuisine includes foods, eating habits, and cooking methods of various European cultures during the Middle Ages, which lasted from the fifth to the fifteenth century.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ During this period, diets and cooking changed less than they did in the early modern period that followed, when those changes helped lay the foundations for modern European cuisine.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Cereals remained the most important staple during the early Middle Ages as rice was introduced late, and the potato was only introduced in 1536, with a much later date for widespread consumption.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Barley, oat and rye were eaten by the poor.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Wheat was for the governing classes.", "History of beer __knowledge__ Beer is one of the oldest beverages humans have produced, dating back to at least the 5th millennium BC in Iran, and was recorded in the written history of ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia and spread throughout the world.", "History of beer __knowledge__ As almost any cereal containing certain sugars can undergo spontaneous fermentation due to wild yeasts in the air, it is possible that beer-like beverages were independently developed throughout the world soon after a tribe or culture had domesticated cereal.", "History of beer __knowledge__ Chemical tests of ancient pottery jars reveal that beer was produced as far back as about 7,000 years ago in what is today Iran.", "Hibernia Brewing __knowledge__ Hibernia Brewing Ltd. was an American brewery company, the successor firm to the Walter Brewing Company, located in Eau Claire, Wisconsin.", "Hibernia Brewing __knowledge__ Under the leadership of Michael Healy, president and chief stockholder of Hibernia, the brewery introduced several specialty brews considered innovative for their time and became one of the first producers in the American Midwest of what now are considered to be craft beers and ales.", "Hibernia Brewing __knowledge__ At its peak, Hibernia produced over 30,000 barrels of beer per year, employed about 50 workers, and had a market range that included Minneapolis–Saint Paul, St. Louis, Missouri, and Omaha, Nebraska, with success also in Denver and Boulder, Colorado to the west and south; and Chicago, Milwaukee, and suburban Cleveland, Ohio to the east.", "Small beer __knowledge__ Small beer (also, small ale) is a lager or ale that contains very little alcohol, typically about 0.75%.", "Small beer __knowledge__ Sometimes unfiltered and porridge-like, it was a favored drink in Medieval Europe and colonial North America as against more expensive beer with higher alcohol.", "Small beer __knowledge__ Small beer was also produced in households for consumption by children and servants.", "Small beer __knowledge__ In October 2017, the Small Beer Brew Co. launched the world's first brewery dedicated to the production of Small Beer launched in London.", "Small beer __knowledge__ Until the mid-20th century, much drinking water was likely to make one sick because of poor sanitation.", "Small beer __knowledge__ Practical experience showed that fermented beverages were less likely to produce illness.", "Root beer __knowledge__ Root beer is a sweet North American soft drink traditionally made using the sassafras tree \"Sassafras albidum\" (sassafras) or the vine \"Smilax ornata\" (sarsaparilla) as the primary flavor.", "Root beer __knowledge__ Root beer may be alcoholic or non-alcoholic (but it is usually non-alcoholic), come naturally free of caffeine or have caffeine added, and be carbonated or non-carbonated.", "Root beer __knowledge__ It usually has a thick, foamy head when poured.", "Root beer __knowledge__ Modern, commercially produced root beer is generally sweet, foamy, carbonated, nonalcoholic, and flavoured using artificial sassafras flavouring.", "Root beer __knowledge__ Sassafras root is still used to flavor traditional root beer, but since sassafras was banned by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration due to the controversially claimed carcinogenicity of its constituent safrole, most commercial recipes do not contain sassafras.", "Baseball rules __knowledge__ The rules of baseball differ slightly from league to league, but in general share the same basic game play.", "Baseball rules __knowledge__ There are several major rules, which differ only slightly.", "Baseball rules __knowledge__ The \"Official Baseball Rules\" govern all professional play in the United States and Canada, including the World Baseball Classic.", "Baseball rules __knowledge__ The complete rules are published as the Official Baseball Rules at MLB.com, the official web site of Major League Baseball in the United States and Canada.", "Baseball rules __knowledge__ The rules are also published in book form in North America by the \"Sporting News\".", "Baseball rules __knowledge__ Many amateur and youth leagues use the \"OBR\" with only a few modifications for safety.", "Cricket __knowledge__ Cricket is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of eleven players each on a cricket field, at the centre of which is a rectangular 22-yard-long (20 metres) pitch with a target at each end called the wicket (a set of three wooden stumps upon which two bails sit).", "Cricket __knowledge__ Each phase of play is called an innings, during which one team bats, attempting to score as many runs as possible, whilst their opponents bowl and field, attempting to minimise the number of runs scored.", "Cricket __knowledge__ When each innings ends, the teams usually swap roles for the next innings (i.e.", "Cricket __knowledge__ the team that previously batted will bowl/field, and vice versa).", "Comparison of baseball and cricket __knowledge__ Baseball and cricket are the best-known members of a family of related bat-and-ball games.", "Comparison of baseball and cricket __knowledge__ Despite their similarities, the two sports also have many differences in play and in strategy.", "Comparison of baseball and cricket __knowledge__ A comparison between baseball and cricket can be instructive to followers of either sport, since the similarities help to highlight nuances particular to each game.", "Comparison of baseball and cricket __knowledge__ Bat-and-ball games, in general, are sports in which one team (the fielding team) has possession of the ball and delivers it to a member of the other team (the batting team), who tries to hit it.", "Comparison of baseball and cricket __knowledge__ The two opposing teams take turns playing these two distinct roles, which are continuous during a specified interval.", "Softball __knowledge__ Softball is a variant of baseball played with a larger ball on a smaller field.", "Softball __knowledge__ It was invented in 1887 in Chicago, Illinois, United States as an indoor game.", "Softball __knowledge__ It was at various times called indoor baseball, mush ball, playground, softball, kitten ball, and because it was also played by women, ladies' baseball.", "Softball __knowledge__ The name \"softball\" was given to the game in 1926, because the ball used to be soft.", "Softball __knowledge__ A tournament held in 1933 at the Chicago World's Fair spurred interest in the game.", "Softball __knowledge__ The Amateur Softball Association (ASA) of America (founded 1933) governs the game in the United States and sponsors annual sectional and World Series championships.", "History of cricket to 1725 __knowledge__ The earliest definite reference to cricket is dated Monday, 17 January 1597 (i.e., an \"Old Style\" Julian date which is 1598 by modern reckoning under the Gregorian calendar).", "History of cricket to 1725 __knowledge__ It is a deposition in the records of a legal case at Guildford, Surrey, re the use of a parcel of land c.1550 and John Derrick, a coroner, testified that he had at that time played cricket on the land when he was a boy.", "History of cricket to 1725 __knowledge__ Derrick's testimony makes clear that the sport was being played c.1550, but its true origin is a mystery.", "History of cricket to 1725 __knowledge__ All that can be said with a fair degree of certainty is that its beginning was earlier than 1550, somewhere in south-east England within the counties of Kent, Sussex and Surrey.", "Medieval football __knowledge__ \"Medieval football\" is a modern term used for a wide variety of localised football games which were invented and played in Europe during the Middle Ages.", "Medieval football __knowledge__ Alternative names include folk football, mob football and Shrovetide football.", "Medieval football __knowledge__ These games may be regarded as the ancestors of modern codes of football, and by comparison with later forms of football, the medieval matches were chaotic and had few rules.", "Medieval football __knowledge__ The Middle Ages saw a rise in popularity of games played annually at Shrovetide throughout Europe, particularly in Great Britain.", "Medieval football __knowledge__ The games played in England at this time may have arrived with the Roman occupation but there is little evidence to indicate this.", "The Downside Ball Game __knowledge__ The Downside Ball Game is an outdoor racquet sport played by Gregorians at Downside School, Stratton-On-The-Fosse, Somerset since 1820.", "The Downside Ball Game __knowledge__ It bears some similarities to Fives; however, it is played with a solid wooden bat rather than one's hand.", "The Downside Ball Game __knowledge__ The History of the sport came about from Downside's situation at the time, as there was no room for anything else, there were fewer than sixty boys in the School throughout the 1820s.", "The Downside Ball Game __knowledge__ Abbot Snow, an Abbot of Downside Abbey, once said how football, 'not the tactical manoeuvring of backs and forwards, but the rough-and-tumble game of kicking how and when you could' was the favourite sport, together with 'cricket of a sort' and 'handball in the spring'." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of nine players each who take turns batting and fielding.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The batting team attempts to score runs by hitting a ball (that is thrown by the opposing team's pitcher) with a bat swung by the batter, and then running counter-clockwise around a series of four bases: first, second, third, and home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A run is scored when a player advances around the bases and touches home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Players on the batting team take turns hitting against the pitcher of the fielding team, which tries to prevent runs by getting hitters out in any of several ways.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A player on the batting team who reaches a base safely can later attempt to advance to subsequent bases during teammates' turns batting, such as on a hit or by other means.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The teams switch between batting and fielding whenever the fielding team records three outs.", "Baseball __knowledge__ One turn batting for both teams, beginning with the visiting team, constitutes an inning.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A game is composed of nine innings, and the team with the greater number of runs at the end of the game wins.", "Baseball __knowledge__ If scores are tied at the end of nine innings, extra innings are usually played.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball has no game clock, although most games end in the ninth inning.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Comparison of baseball and cricket __knowledge__ Baseball and cricket are the best-known members of a family of related bat-and-ball games.", "Comparison of baseball and cricket __knowledge__ Despite their similarities, the two sports also have many differences in play and in strategy.", "Comparison of baseball and cricket __knowledge__ A comparison between baseball and cricket can be instructive to followers of either sport, since the similarities help to highlight nuances particular to each game.", "Comparison of baseball and cricket __knowledge__ Bat-and-ball games, in general, are sports in which one team (the fielding team) has possession of the ball and delivers it to a member of the other team (the batting team), who tries to hit it.", "Comparison of baseball and cricket __knowledge__ The two opposing teams take turns playing these two distinct roles, which are continuous during a specified interval.", "Spitting Image __knowledge__ Spitting Image is a British satirical puppet show, created by Peter Fluck, Roger Law and Martin Lambie-Nairn.", "Spitting Image __knowledge__ The series was produced by 'Spitting Image Productions' for Central Independent Television over 18 series which aired on the ITV network.", "Spitting Image __knowledge__ The series was nominated and won numerous awards during its run including 10 BAFTA Television Awards, including one for editing in 1989 and two Emmy Awards in 1985 and 1986 in the Popular Arts Category.", "Spitting Image __knowledge__ The series featured puppet caricatures of celebrities prominent during the 1980s and 1990s, including British Prime Ministers Margaret Thatcher and John Major and other politicians, US president Ronald Reagan, and the British Royal Family; the series was the first to caricature Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother (as an elderly gin-drinker with a Beryl Reid voice).", "Corps of drums __knowledge__ A Corps of Drums is a musical unit of several national armies.", "Corps of drums __knowledge__ Drummers were originally established in European armies to act as signallers.", "Corps of drums __knowledge__ This is the major historical distinction between a military band and a corps of drums, 'drummers' would not play their instruments to entertain or delight, but rather as a utilitarian battlefield role.", "Corps of drums __knowledge__ This role was fulfilled by trumpeters or buglers and timpanists in the cavalry and the artillery, who did not form into comparative formed bodies in the way that drummers did; therefore, an orthodox corps of drums will exist in the infantry arm and not in other arms (save for the light infantry).", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Javon Ringer __knowledge__ Javon Eugene Ringer (born February 2, 1987) is an American football running back who last played for the Tennessee Titans of the National Football League (NFL).", "Javon Ringer __knowledge__ He played college football for Michigan State University, and was drafted in the fifth round of the 2009 NFL draft.", "Javon Ringer __knowledge__ Ringer attended Chaminade-Julienne High School where he set school and state records.", "Javon Ringer __knowledge__ In college, he achieved many awards.", "Javon Ringer __knowledge__ In 2005, he earned honorable mention Freshman All-America status from \"The Sporting News\".", "Javon Ringer __knowledge__ He was also named to \"The Sporting News\" Big Ten All-Freshman Team.", "Javon Ringer __knowledge__ In 2006, he earned the Biggie Munn Award, an award given to the team's most inspirational player.", "Jonathan Agnew __knowledge__ Jonathan Philip Agnew, (born 4 April 1960) is an English cricket broadcaster and a former professional cricketer.", "Jonathan Agnew __knowledge__ He was born in Macclesfield, Cheshire, and educated at Uppingham School.", "Jonathan Agnew __knowledge__ He is nicknamed \"Aggers\", and, less commonly, \"Spiro\" – the latter, according to \"Debrett's Cricketers' Who's Who\", after former US Vice President Spiro Agnew.", "Jonathan Agnew __knowledge__ Agnew had a successful first-class career as a fast bowler for Leicestershire from 1979 to 1990, returning briefly in 1992.", "Jonathan Agnew __knowledge__ In first-class cricket he took 666 wickets at an average of 29.25.", "Jonathan Agnew __knowledge__ Agnew won three Test caps for England, as well as playing three One Day Internationals in the mid-1980s, although his entire international career lasted just under a year.", "Yankees–Red Sox rivalry __knowledge__ The Yankees–Red Sox rivalry is a Major League Baseball (MLB) rivalry between the New York Yankees and Boston Red Sox.", "Yankees–Red Sox rivalry __knowledge__ The two teams have competed in MLB's American League (AL) for over 100 seasons and have since developed one of the fiercest rivalries in American sports.", "Yankees–Red Sox rivalry __knowledge__ In 1919, Red Sox owner Harry Frazee sold star player Babe Ruth to the Yankees, which was followed by an 86-year period in which the Red Sox did not win a World Series.", "Yankees–Red Sox rivalry __knowledge__ This led to the popularization of a superstition known as the \"Curse of the Bambino\", which was one of the most well-known aspects of the rivalry.", "Yankees–Red Sox rivalry __knowledge__ The rivalry is often a heated subject of conversation, especially in the home region of both teams, the Northeastern United States.", "History of the Boston Red Sox __knowledge__ The history of the Boston Red Sox begins in , as one of the original franchises of the American League.", "History of the Boston Red Sox __knowledge__ In 1900, Ban Johnson's minor Western League, based in the Midwest, declared its equality with the National League, then the only major league in baseball.", "History of the Boston Red Sox __knowledge__ Johnson changed the name of his league to the American League.", "History of the Boston Red Sox __knowledge__ Competing in the streets, the upstart placed franchises in two of the largest and most important NL cities, Philadelphia and Boston.", "History of the Boston Red Sox __knowledge__ Playing their home games at Huntington Avenue Grounds, the Boston franchise (often called the Americans during this time) finished second and third place in their first two seasons before capturing their first pennant in 1903 and repeating the feat in 1904.", "Boston Red Sox __knowledge__ The Boston Red Sox are an American professional baseball team based in Boston, Massachusetts.", "Boston Red Sox __knowledge__ The Red Sox compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) East division.", "Boston Red Sox __knowledge__ The Red Sox have won eight World Series championships and have played in twelve.", "Boston Red Sox __knowledge__ Founded in as one of the American League's eight charter franchises, the Red Sox' home ballpark has been Fenway Park since .", "Boston Red Sox __knowledge__ The \"Red Sox\" name was chosen by the team owner, John I. Taylor, around , following the lead of previous teams that had been known as the \"Boston Red Stockings\", including the forerunner of the Atlanta Braves.", "Babe Ruth __knowledge__ George Herman \"Babe\" Ruth Jr. (February 6, 1895 – August 16, 1948) was an American professional baseball player whose career in Major League Baseball (MLB) spanned 22 seasons, from 1914 through 1935.", "Babe Ruth __knowledge__ Nicknamed \"The Bambino\" and \"The Sultan of Swat\", he began his MLB career as a stellar left-handed pitcher for the Boston Red Sox, but achieved his greatest fame as a slugging outfielder for the New York Yankees.", "Babe Ruth __knowledge__ Ruth established many MLB batting (and some pitching) records, including career home runs (714), runs batted in (RBIs) (2,213), bases on balls (2,062), slugging percentage (.690), and on-base plus slugging (OPS) (1.164); the latter two still stand today.", "2004 World Series __knowledge__ The 2004 World Series was the 100th edition of Major League Baseball's championship series.", "2004 World Series __knowledge__ It featured the American League (AL) champions Boston Red Sox against the National League (NL) champions St. Louis Cardinals.", "2004 World Series __knowledge__ The Red Sox defeated the Cardinals by four games to none in the best-of-seven series, played at Fenway Park and Busch Memorial Stadium.", "2004 World Series __knowledge__ The series was played from October 23 to 27, 2004, broadcast on Fox, and watched by an average of just under 25.5 million viewers.", "2004 World Series __knowledge__ The Red Sox became the third straight wild card team to win the World Series; the Anaheim Angels won in 2002 and the Florida Marlins won in 2003.", "2013 Boston Red Sox season __knowledge__ The 2013 Boston Red Sox season was the 113th season in the franchise's Major League Baseball history.", "2013 Boston Red Sox season __knowledge__ Under new manager John Farrell, the Red Sox finished first in the American League East with a record of 97 wins and 65 losses.", "2013 Boston Red Sox season __knowledge__ In the postseason, the Red Sox first defeated the AL wild card Tampa Bay Rays in the ALDS.", "2013 Boston Red Sox season __knowledge__ In the ALCS, the Red Sox defeated the American League Central champion Detroit Tigers in six games.", "2013 Boston Red Sox season __knowledge__ Advancing to the World Series, the Red Sox defeated the National League champion St. Louis Cardinals in six games, to capture the franchise's eighth championship overall and third in ten years.", "2008 Tampa Bay Rays season __knowledge__ The 2008 Tampa Bay Rays season, the 11th season in franchise history, marked the change of this baseball team's name from the \"Tampa Bay Devil Rays\" to the \"Tampa Bay Rays\", as revealed on November 8, 2007.", "2008 Tampa Bay Rays season __knowledge__ The change in name also came with a change in logo and uniforms, with new team colors of Columbia blue, Navy blue and gold.", "2008 Tampa Bay Rays season __knowledge__ The new logo, colors and name were leaked on September 20, 2007, and were confirmed officially on November 8, 2007, when an official announcement was made in downtown St. Petersburg.", "2008 Tampa Bay Rays season __knowledge__ Prior to the decision to rename the team the Rays, other options considered included the \"Aces\", \"Bandits\", \"Cannons\", \"Dukes\", \"Stripes\", and Stuart Sternberg's personal favorite, the \"Nine.\"" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of nine players each who take turns batting and fielding.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The batting team attempts to score runs by hitting a ball (that is thrown by the opposing team's pitcher) with a bat swung by the batter, and then running counter-clockwise around a series of four bases: first, second, third, and home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A run is scored when a player advances around the bases and touches home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Players on the batting team take turns hitting against the pitcher of the fielding team, which tries to prevent runs by getting hitters out in any of several ways.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A player on the batting team who reaches a base safely can later attempt to advance to subsequent bases during teammates' turns batting, such as on a hit or by other means.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The teams switch between batting and fielding whenever the fielding team records three outs.", "Baseball __knowledge__ One turn batting for both teams, beginning with the visiting team, constitutes an inning.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A game is composed of nine innings, and the team with the greater number of runs at the end of the game wins.", "Baseball __knowledge__ If scores are tied at the end of nine innings, extra innings are usually played.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball has no game clock, although most games end in the ninth inning.", "Yankees–Red Sox rivalry __knowledge__ The Yankees–Red Sox rivalry is a Major League Baseball (MLB) rivalry between the New York Yankees and Boston Red Sox.", "Yankees–Red Sox rivalry __knowledge__ The two teams have competed in MLB's American League (AL) for over 100 seasons and have since developed one of the fiercest rivalries in American sports.", "Yankees–Red Sox rivalry __knowledge__ In 1919, Red Sox owner Harry Frazee sold star player Babe Ruth to the Yankees, which was followed by an 86-year period in which the Red Sox did not win a World Series.", "Yankees–Red Sox rivalry __knowledge__ This led to the popularization of a superstition known as the \"Curse of the Bambino\", which was one of the most well-known aspects of the rivalry.", "Yankees–Red Sox rivalry __knowledge__ The rivalry is often a heated subject of conversation, especially in the home region of both teams, the Northeastern United States.", "New York Yankees __knowledge__ The New York Yankees are an American professional baseball team based in the New York City borough of the Bronx.", "New York Yankees __knowledge__ The Yankees compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) East division.", "New York Yankees __knowledge__ They are one of two major league clubs based in New York City, the other being the New York Mets of the National League.", "New York Yankees __knowledge__ In the season, the club began play in the AL as the Baltimore Orioles (no relation to the modern Baltimore Orioles).", "New York Yankees __knowledge__ Frank Farrell and Bill Devery purchased the franchise (which had ceased operations) and moved it to New York City, renaming the club the New York Highlanders.", "History of the Boston Red Sox __knowledge__ The history of the Boston Red Sox begins in , as one of the original franchises of the American League.", "History of the Boston Red Sox __knowledge__ In 1900, Ban Johnson's minor Western League, based in the Midwest, declared its equality with the National League, then the only major league in baseball.", "History of the Boston Red Sox __knowledge__ Johnson changed the name of his league to the American League.", "History of the Boston Red Sox __knowledge__ Competing in the streets, the upstart placed franchises in two of the largest and most important NL cities, Philadelphia and Boston.", "History of the Boston Red Sox __knowledge__ Playing their home games at Huntington Avenue Grounds, the Boston franchise (often called the Americans during this time) finished second and third place in their first two seasons before capturing their first pennant in 1903 and repeating the feat in 1904.", "Thathanabaing of Burma __knowledge__ The Thathanabaing of Burma (, also spelt Thathanapaing) served as the head of the Buddhist Sangha (order of monks) in pre-colonial Burma, until its abolishment in 1938 by the British authorities in colonial Burma.", "Thathanabaing of Burma __knowledge__ The Thathanapaing was responsible for managing the monastic hierarchy and education at monasteries.", "Thathanabaing of Burma __knowledge__ The Thathanabaing resided in a royal monastery near the kingdom's capital.", "Thathanabaing of Burma __knowledge__ However, appointees were usually commoners born in the villages, with no blood relationship with the royal house.", "Thathanabaing of Burma __knowledge__ Their appointments were made on the basis of their mastery of Buddhist knowledge and literature.", "Thathanabaing of Burma __knowledge__ \"Thathanabaing\", literally 'Keeper of the Sāsana', is the native Burmese rendition of Sangharaja, or formally \"Mahasangharaja\" (), which is typically rendered into English as 'Primate', 'Archbishop' or 'Supreme Patriarch.'", "Boston Red Sox __knowledge__ The Boston Red Sox are an American professional baseball team based in Boston, Massachusetts.", "Boston Red Sox __knowledge__ The Red Sox compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) East division.", "Boston Red Sox __knowledge__ The Red Sox have won eight World Series championships and have played in twelve.", "Boston Red Sox __knowledge__ Founded in as one of the American League's eight charter franchises, the Red Sox' home ballpark has been Fenway Park since .", "Boston Red Sox __knowledge__ The \"Red Sox\" name was chosen by the team owner, John I. Taylor, around , following the lead of previous teams that had been known as the \"Boston Red Stockings\", including the forerunner of the Atlanta Braves.", "History of the New York Yankees __knowledge__ The history of the New York Yankees Major League Baseball (MLB) team spans more than a century.", "History of the New York Yankees __knowledge__ Frank J. Farrell and William Stephen Devery bought the rights to an American League (AL) club in New York City after the 1902 season.", "History of the New York Yankees __knowledge__ The team, which became known as the Yankees in 1913, rarely contended for the AL championship before the acquisition of outfielder Babe Ruth after the 1919 season.", "History of the New York Yankees __knowledge__ With Ruth in the lineup, the Yankees won their first AL title in 1921, followed by their first World Series championship in 1923.", "History of the New York Yankees __knowledge__ Ruth and first baseman Lou Gehrig were part of the team's Murderers' Row lineup, which led the Yankees to a then-AL record 110 wins and a Series championship in 1927 under Miller Huggins.", "2004 American League Championship Series __knowledge__ The 2004 American League Championship Series was the Major League Baseball playoff series to decide the American League champion for the 2004 season.", "2004 American League Championship Series __knowledge__ A rematch of the 2003 American League Championship Series, it was played between the Boston Red Sox and New York Yankees, at Fenway Park and the original Yankee Stadium, from October 12 to 20, 2004.", "2004 American League Championship Series __knowledge__ The Red Sox became the first (and so far only) team in MLB history to come back from a 0–3 deficit to win a seven-game series.", "2004 American League Championship Series __knowledge__ The Red Sox, who had won the AL wild card, defeated the Anaheim Angels in the American League Division Series to reach the ALCS, while the Yankees, who had won the AL East with the best record in the AL, defeated the Minnesota Twins.", "San Francisco Giants __knowledge__ The San Francisco Giants are an American professional baseball franchise based in San Francisco, California.", "San Francisco Giants __knowledge__ Founded in 1883 as the New York Gothams, and renamed three years later to the New York Giants, the team eventually moved to San Francisco in 1958.", "San Francisco Giants __knowledge__ The Giants compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the National League (NL) West division.", "San Francisco Giants __knowledge__ As one of the longest-established and most successful professional baseball teams, the franchise has won the most games of any team in the history of American baseball.", "San Francisco Giants __knowledge__ The team was the first major league team based in New York City, most memorably playing at the legendary Polo Grounds.", "World Series __knowledge__ The World Series is the annual championship series of Major League Baseball (MLB) in North America, contested since 1903 between the American League (AL) champion team and the National League (NL) champion team.", "World Series __knowledge__ The winner of the World Series championship is determined through a best-of-seven playoff, and the winning team is awarded the Commissioner's Trophy.", "World Series __knowledge__ As the series is played during the fall season in North America, it is sometimes referred to as the Fall Classic.", "World Series __knowledge__ Prior to 1969, the team with the best regular season win-loss record in each league automatically advanced to the World Series; since then each league has conducted a championship series (ALCS and NLCS) preceding the World Series to determine which teams will advance.", "Los Angeles Dodgers __knowledge__ The Los Angeles Dodgers are an American professional baseball team based in Los Angeles, California.", "Los Angeles Dodgers __knowledge__ The Dodgers compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the National League (NL) West division.", "Los Angeles Dodgers __knowledge__ Established in 1883 in Brooklyn, New York, the team moved to Los Angeles before the 1958 season.", "Los Angeles Dodgers __knowledge__ They played for four seasons at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum before moving to their current home of Dodger Stadium in .", "Los Angeles Dodgers __knowledge__ The Dodgers as a franchise have won six World Series titles and 22 National League pennants.", "Los Angeles Dodgers __knowledge__ 11 NL MVP award winners have played for the Dodgers, winning a total of 13 MVP Awards, Eight Cy Young Award winners have pitched for the Dodgers, winning a total of twelve Cy Young Awards.", "List of Major League Baseball managers __knowledge__ Major League Baseball is the highest level of play in North American professional baseball, and is the organization that operates the National League and the American League.", "List of Major League Baseball managers __knowledge__ In 2000, the two leagues were officially disbanded as separate legal entities, and all of their rights and functions were consolidated in the commissioner's office.", "List of Major League Baseball managers __knowledge__ Since that time, Major League Baseball has operated as a single league, and constitutes one of the major professional sports leagues of the United States.", "List of Major League Baseball managers __knowledge__ It is composed of 30 teams.", "List of Major League Baseball managers __knowledge__ Each team in the league has a manager, who is responsible for team strategy and leadership on and off the field." ] ]

[ 10, 1, 54, 59, 16 ]

[ "Baseball is a grea sport. I am a bit of a novice, I have just got into it. I didnt realise baseball has no game clock although most games seem to end in the ninth inning.", "Really? It must be a great atmosphere. It is def the best bat and ball game I know!", "Bosto Red Sox. I had an argument with my neighbour about cricket and baseball, he said they were basically the same!! but I argued that they hae many differences in play and strategy", "haha probably. You know my team have won eight world series championships and have played in twelve so far...", "whats wrong with the yankees?" ]

[ "Baseball", "Baseball", "Baseball", "Baseball", "Baseball" ]

[ "Hitchhiking", "I agree! Plus in this day and age it's extremely dangerous!", "I would be so scared to hitchhike! But some people do that and love it" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hitchhiking __knowledge__ Hitchhiking (also known as thumbing, hitching, or autostop) is a means of transportation that is gained by asking people, usually strangers, for a ride in their automobile or other vehicle.", "Hitchhiking __knowledge__ A ride is usually, but not always, free.", "Hitchhiking __knowledge__ Itinerants have also used hitchhiking as a primary mode of travel for the better part of the last century, and continue to do so today.", "Hitchhiking __knowledge__ The hitchhikers' methods of signaling to drivers differ around the world.", "Hitchhiking __knowledge__ Many hitchhikers use various hand signals.", "Hitchhiking __knowledge__ If the hitchhiker wishes to indicate that he needs a ride, he may simply make a physical gesture or display a written sign.", "Hitchhiking __knowledge__ In North America, United Kingdom and most of Europe, the gesture involves extending the arm toward the road and sticking the thumb of the outstretched hand upward with the hand closed.", "Hitchhiking __knowledge__ For example, in the US and UK, they point their thumb up.", "Hitchhiking __knowledge__ In some African countries, the hand is held still with the palm facing upwards.", "Hitchhiking __knowledge__ In other parts of the world, such as Australia, it is more common to use a gesture where the index finger is pointed at the road.", "Hitchhiking __knowledge__ Hitchhiking is a historically common (autonomous) practice worldwide and hence there are very few places in the world where laws exist to restrict it." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hitchhiking __knowledge__ Hitchhiking (also known as thumbing, hitching, or autostop) is a means of transportation that is gained by asking people, usually strangers, for a ride in their automobile or other vehicle.", "Hitchhiking __knowledge__ A ride is usually, but not always, free.", "Hitchhiking __knowledge__ Itinerants have also used hitchhiking as a primary mode of travel for the better part of the last century, and continue to do so today.", "Hitchhiking __knowledge__ The hitchhikers' methods of signaling to drivers differ around the world.", "Hitchhiking __knowledge__ Many hitchhikers use various hand signals.", "Hitchhiking __knowledge__ If the hitchhiker wishes to indicate that he needs a ride, he may simply make a physical gesture or display a written sign.", "Hitchhiking __knowledge__ In North America, United Kingdom and most of Europe, the gesture involves extending the arm toward the road and sticking the thumb of the outstretched hand upward with the hand closed.", "Hitchhiking __knowledge__ For example, in the US and UK, they point their thumb up.", "Hitchhiking __knowledge__ In some African countries, the hand is held still with the palm facing upwards.", "Hitchhiking __knowledge__ In other parts of the world, such as Australia, it is more common to use a gesture where the index finger is pointed at the road.", "Hitchhiking __knowledge__ Hitchhiking is a historically common (autonomous) practice worldwide and hence there are very few places in the world where laws exist to restrict it.", "Armed and Extremely Dangerous (song) __knowledge__ \"Armed and Extremely Dangerous\" is a 1973 song by American girl group First Choice from their album Armed and Extremely Dangerous.", "Armed and Extremely Dangerous (song) __knowledge__ It is their highest charting single in the US & is arguably the band's most well-known song.", "Armed and Extremely Dangerous (song) __knowledge__ A - Armed & Extremely Dangerous - 2:49 B - Gonna Keep On Lovin' Him - 2:44 1 - Armed & Extremely Dangerous (Full Intention Radio Edit) - 3:36 2 - Armed & Extremely Dangerous (Blowout Express Soul Mix) - 4:30 3 - Armed & Extremely Dangerous (Original version) - 2:46 4 - Armed & Extremely Dangerous (Full Intention Vocal) - 6:08 5 - Armed & Extremely Dangerous (Black Science Restoration Vocal) - 6:37 6 - Armed & Extremely Dangerous (Cevin's Classic Club) - 7:06 7 - Armed & Extremely Dangerous (South Beach Cool Out Jazz Mix) - 8:15", "Shaktimaan __knowledge__ Shaktimaan () is an Indian superhero from the television series of the same name produced by Mukesh Khanna and directed by Dinkar Jani.", "Shaktimaan __knowledge__ Around 400 episodes of the series originally aired on Doordarshan, India's national television network, from 27 September 1997 (barring the introductory episode on 15 September 1997) to 27 March 2005, on Sundays at 12 noon IST.", "Shaktimaan __knowledge__ The telecast slot, however was shifted to 9:30 a.m. for the latter episodes.", "Shaktimaan __knowledge__ It has also aired on Pogo in English, Tarang in Odia and Chutti TV in Tamil, Kochu TV in Malayalam and repeated its Hindi telecast on STAR Utsav.", "Shaktimaan __knowledge__ Mukesh Khanna plays the roles of Shaktimaan, the main protagonist and his alter ego \"Pandit Gangadhar\" Mayadhar Omkarnath Shastri (also known as Vehaan Arya in animated version), a photographer for the newspaper \"Aaj Ki Aawaz\".", "Cumulonimbus and aviation __knowledge__ Numerous accidents have occurred in the vicinity of thunderstorms.", "Cumulonimbus and aviation __knowledge__ It is often said that the turbulence can be extreme enough inside a cumulonimbus to tear an aircraft into pieces.", "Cumulonimbus and aviation __knowledge__ However, this kind of accident is relatively rare.", "Cumulonimbus and aviation __knowledge__ Moreover, the turbulence \"under\" a thunderstorm can be non-existent and is usually no more than moderate.", "Cumulonimbus and aviation __knowledge__ Actually, most thunderstorm-related crashes occur due to a stall close to the ground when the pilot gets caught by surprise by a thunderstorm-induced wind shift.", "Cumulonimbus and aviation __knowledge__ Moreover, aircraft damage caused by thunderstorms is rarely in the form of structural failure due to turbulence but is typically less severe and the consequence of secondary effects of thunderstorms (e.g., denting by hail or paint removal by high-speed flight in torrential rain).", "List of Ranma ½ characters __knowledge__ The \"Ranma ½\" manga series features a cast of characters created by Rumiko Takahashi.", "List of Ranma ½ characters __knowledge__ The story revolves around the Japanese teenage boy Ranma Saotome who has trained in martial arts since early childhood.", "List of Ranma ½ characters __knowledge__ As a result of an accident during a training journey in China, he is cursed to become a girl when splashed with cold water, while hot water changes him back into a boy.", "List of Ranma ½ characters __knowledge__ Throughout the series Ranma seeks out a way to rid his curse, while his friends, enemies and many fiancées constantly hinder and interfere.", "List of Ranma ½ characters __knowledge__ Many of the characters are similarly cursed to turn into animals or other creatures when splashed and are skilled in different and unusual types of martial arts.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ The following is list of characters the appear in the cartoon series, \"Generator Rex\".", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ Ricardo \"Rex\" Salazar is a young human-looking E.V.O, but unlike other E.V.O.s, Rex has the ability to control his nanites at will, allowing him to cure other E.V.O.s of their mutations and use his nanites to create a variety of machines on his body and communicate with a variety of machines.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ Rex is overconfident, impulsive, and typically, rebellious.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ He has a quick wit and is constantly making jokes.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ However, when Rex needs to defend himself, he doesn't hold back.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ He prefers to smash anything that gets in his way.", "Wager Mutiny __knowledge__ The \"Wager\" Mutiny was the mutiny of the crew of after she was wrecked on a desolate island off the south coast of Chile in 1741.", "Wager Mutiny __knowledge__ The ship was part of a squadron commanded by George Anson and bound to attack Spanish interests in the Pacific.", "Wager Mutiny __knowledge__ \"Wager\" lost contact with the squadron whilst rounding Cape Horn, ran aground and wrecked on the west coast of Chile in May 1741.", "Wager Mutiny __knowledge__ The main body of the crew mutinied against the captain, David Cheap, abandoned him and his loyal crew members, and returned in a modified open boat to England via the Strait of Magellan.", "Wager Mutiny __knowledge__ Though most died on the journey, some survived, including the ring-leaders.", "European migrant crisis __knowledge__ The European migrant crisis, or the European refugee crisis, is a term given to a period beginning in 2015 when rising numbers of people arrived in the European Union (EU), travelling across the Mediterranean Sea or overland through Southeast Europe.", "European migrant crisis __knowledge__ These people included asylum seekers, but also others, such as economic migrants and some hostile agents, including Islamic State militants disguised as refugees or migrants.", "European migrant crisis __knowledge__ Most of the migrants came from Muslim-majority countries of regions south and east of Europe, including Western Asia, South Asia and Africa.", "European migrant crisis __knowledge__ By religious affiliation, the majority of entrants were Muslim (usually Sunni Muslim), with a small component of non-Muslim minorities (including Yazidis, Assyrians, Mandeans, etc.).", "Genetic hitchhiking __knowledge__ Genetic hitchhiking, also called genetic draft or the hitchhiking effect, is when an allele changes frequency not because it itself is under natural selection, but because it is near another gene that is undergoing a selective sweep and that is on the same DNA chain.", "Genetic hitchhiking __knowledge__ When one gene goes through a selective sweep, any other nearby polymorphisms that are in linkage disequilibrium will tend to change their allele frequencies too.", "Genetic hitchhiking __knowledge__ Selective sweeps happen when newly appeared (and hence still rare) mutations are advantageous and increase in frequency.", "Genetic hitchhiking __knowledge__ Neutral or even slightly deleterious alleles that happen to be close by on the chromosome 'hitchhike' along with the sweep.", "Highway of Tears murders __knowledge__ The Highway of Tears murders is a series of murders and disappearances of mainly aboriginal women along the section of Highway 16 between Prince George and Prince Rupert, British Columbia, Canada, from 1969 until 2011.", "Highway of Tears murders __knowledge__ Highway 16 is northern British Columbia's east–west corridor, extending from Jasper in the east to Prince Rupert in the west.", "Highway of Tears murders __knowledge__ This route is a section of the Trans-Canada Yellowhead Highway, which spans British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan and Manitoba.", "Highway of Tears murders __knowledge__ Numerous municipalities and 23 First Nations communities border the Highway of Tears.", "Highway of Tears murders __knowledge__ The rural region is plagued with poverty and lacks public transportation; many residents turn to hitchhiking as a form of transit.", "Randy Steven Kraft __knowledge__ Randy Steven Kraft (born March 19, 1945) is an American serial killer known as the \"Scorecard Killer\" and the \"Freeway Killer\" who committed the rape, torture, mutilation, and murder of a minimum of 16 young men in a series of killings spanning between 1972 and 1983, the majority of which had been committed in California.", "Randy Steven Kraft __knowledge__ Kraft is also believed to have committed the rape and murder of up to 51 further boys and young men.", "Randy Steven Kraft __knowledge__ He was convicted in May 1989 of murdering 16 victims and is currently incarcerated on death row at San Quentin State Prison in Marin County, California.", "Randy Steven Kraft __knowledge__ Kraft became known as the \"Scorecard Killer\", because upon his arrest investigators discovered a coded list containing cryptic references to his victims; he is also sometimes referred to as the \"Freeway Killer\", because many of his victims' bodies were discovered beside or near freeways.", "List of Haunted Mansion characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from \"The Haunted Mansion\", a popular theme park attraction located at Disneyland, Walt Disney World (in the Magic Kingdom), Tokyo Disneyland and Disneyland Paris (where the attraction is named \"Phantom Manor\").", "List of Haunted Mansion characters __knowledge__ The Ghost Host serves as the unseen narrator of the attraction; present in the Stretching Room and in the ride itself.", "List of Haunted Mansion characters __knowledge__ His voice provides commentary through the ride heard via onboard speakers in the Omnimover ride vehicle.", "List of Haunted Mansion characters __knowledge__ The character is voiced with a Mid-Atlantic accented voice provided by Paul Frees that has been described as \"gleefully sardonic\".", "Hitchball 4000 __knowledge__ Hitchball 4000 is the biggest hitchhiking race in the Nordic countries, organized during the first weekend of June.", "Hitchball 4000 __knowledge__ It is a weekend-long race where teams of two people hitchhike away from Helsinki and back.", "Hitchball 4000 __knowledge__ Each team is equipped with a GPS tracker, which enables their progress to be followed in real-time on the competition's website.", "Hitchball 4000 __knowledge__ The winner of the main competition is the team that hitchhikes the longest distance and gets the furthest possible during the weekend, but also gets back to the starting point before the following Monday morning.", "Hitchball 4000 __knowledge__ The Spirit of Hitchball award is given to the team that has done the best promotion of hitchhiking through their attitude and their storytelling in social media.", "Santa Rosa hitchhiker murders __knowledge__ The Santa Rosa hitchhiker murders were a series of at least seven unsolved homicides involving female hitchhikers that took place in Sonoma County and Santa Rosa of the North Bay area of California in 1972 and 1973.", "Santa Rosa hitchhiker murders __knowledge__ All of the victims were found nude in rural areas near steep embankments and/or in creek beds near roads.", "Santa Rosa hitchhiker murders __knowledge__ Maureen Louise Sterling and Yvonne Lisa Weber, both 12-year-old Herbert Slater Middle School students, disappeared around 9 pm on February 4, 1972, after visiting the Redwood Empire Ice Arena.", "Santa Rosa hitchhiker murders __knowledge__ They were last seen hitchhiking on Guerneville Road, northwest of Santa Rosa.", "Santa Rosa hitchhiker murders __knowledge__ Their bodies were found December 28, 2.2 miles north of Porter Creek Road on Franz Valley Road, down a steep embankment approximately 66 feet off the east side of the roadway." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hitchhiking __knowledge__ Hitchhiking (also known as thumbing, hitching, or autostop) is a means of transportation that is gained by asking people, usually strangers, for a ride in their automobile or other vehicle.", "Hitchhiking __knowledge__ A ride is usually, but not always, free.", "Hitchhiking __knowledge__ Itinerants have also used hitchhiking as a primary mode of travel for the better part of the last century, and continue to do so today.", "Hitchhiking __knowledge__ The hitchhikers' methods of signaling to drivers differ around the world.", "Hitchhiking __knowledge__ Many hitchhikers use various hand signals.", "Hitchhiking __knowledge__ If the hitchhiker wishes to indicate that he needs a ride, he may simply make a physical gesture or display a written sign.", "Hitchhiking __knowledge__ In North America, United Kingdom and most of Europe, the gesture involves extending the arm toward the road and sticking the thumb of the outstretched hand upward with the hand closed.", "Hitchhiking __knowledge__ For example, in the US and UK, they point their thumb up.", "Hitchhiking __knowledge__ In some African countries, the hand is held still with the palm facing upwards.", "Hitchhiking __knowledge__ In other parts of the world, such as Australia, it is more common to use a gesture where the index finger is pointed at the road.", "Hitchhiking __knowledge__ Hitchhiking is a historically common (autonomous) practice worldwide and hence there are very few places in the world where laws exist to restrict it.", "Jîn __knowledge__ Jîn (in Kurdish it means \"Woman\", Jin in English) is a 2013 Turkish-German movie directed by Reha Erdem.", "Jîn __knowledge__ The movie is about a Kurdish guerilla fighter who deserted her military unit aiming at leaving the conflict region (Eastern Turkey) for the city of Izmir.", "Jîn __knowledge__ The movie opens with nature shots of clouds over the mountains in Turkey accompanied by heavy organ music.", "Jîn __knowledge__ It seems to be fall time.", "Jîn __knowledge__ The few minutes of the movie are shots of animals accompanied by the same music.", "Jîn __knowledge__ A praying mantis is the first animal that appears, followed by a turtle, a grasshopper, the sounds of birds chirping, a male deer and a gecko.", "Hitchhike Records __knowledge__ Hitchhike Records is the U.S. record label of ukulele performer Jake Shimabukuro.", "Hitchhike Records __knowledge__ It is based in Honolulu, Hawaii, and is the American distribution arm of his recordings for Sony Music Japan International, which he signed with in June 2002.", "Hitchhike Records __knowledge__ Sony Japan only releases his music in Japan.", "Hitchhike Records __knowledge__ Shimabukuro needed to license the music for release in Hawaii, so he created Hitchhike Records for U.S. release.", "Hitchhike Records __knowledge__ In 2005, Shimabukuro secured a nationwide U.S. distribution deal for his Hitchhike Records label, which had previously distributed to the Hawaii market.", "Hitchhike Records __knowledge__ In addition to releasing all of Shimabukuro's U.S. albums, Hitchhike has also released an album by Jake's brother, ukulele performer Bruce Shimabukuro: \"Bits & Pieces\" (2007).", "Scared of Beautiful __knowledge__ \"Scared of Beautiful\" is a song by American recording artist Brandy Norwood from her sixth studio album, \"Two Eleven\" (2012).", "Scared of Beautiful __knowledge__ It was written by Frank Ocean, Warryn Campbell and Breyon Prescott while production was handled by Campbell and Prescott.", "Scared of Beautiful __knowledge__ Not specifically written for Norwood, the song was one out of several songs Ocean crafted with production duo Midi Mafia.", "Scared of Beautiful __knowledge__ It was later submitted to her team, with whom she recorded a new version with a widely different instrumental for her album, consisting essentially of synthesizers and electric guitars.", "Scared of Beautiful __knowledge__ A mid-paced R&B ballad, \"Scared of Beautiful\" finds Norwood, as the protagonist, thinking about self and self-growth and being fearless.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that appear in the \"Shrek\" franchise and spin-offs from it.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ Shrek (voiced by Mike Myers, Michael Gough as his official voice in the video games) is the lead character in of all of the films.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ He prides himself on being a big, green, terrifying ogre and is ill-tempered and mean.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ He begins the series as an unsociable hermit until he meets his soon-to-be best friend, Donkey.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ In a deal with Lord Farquaad, he and Donkey embark on a quest to save Princess Fiona from the castle in which she was confined.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ Despite their differences, Shrek and Fiona fall in love, marry at the end of the first film, and have three ogre babies in the third film.", "A Nightmare on Elm Street (2010 film) __knowledge__ A Nightmare on Elm Street is a 2010 American slasher film directed by Samuel Bayer, and written by Wesley Strick and Eric Heisserer.", "A Nightmare on Elm Street (2010 film) __knowledge__ The film stars Jackie Earle Haley, Kyle Gallner, Rooney Mara, Katie Cassidy, Thomas Dekker, and Kellan Lutz.", "A Nightmare on Elm Street (2010 film) __knowledge__ It is a remake of Wes Craven's 1984 film of the same name; produced by Michael Bay and Platinum Dunes, it is designed to reboot the \"Nightmare on Elm Street\" franchise.", "A Nightmare on Elm Street (2010 film) __knowledge__ The film centers around a group of teenagers being stalked and murdered in their dreams by a man named Freddy Krueger, ultimately discovering they all share a common link from their childhood that is making them targets for Freddy.", "Pivan-1 __knowledge__ Pivan-1 () is a military townlet near Komsomolsk-na-Amur in Khabarovsk Krai in the Russian Far East which is the location of the eastern control centre for Russia's Oko satellites.", "Pivan-1 __knowledge__ These give early warning of ballistic missile launches, mainly from the continental United States.", "Pivan-1 __knowledge__ The site is part of the Main Centre for Missile Attack Warning and information from here is processed at the Russian Aerospace Defence Forces centre in Solnechnogorsk and could be used, together with early warning radar such as the Voronezh, for launch on warning or the A-135 anti-ballistic missile system.", "Pivan-1 __knowledge__ A similar facility is located at Serpukhov-15 near Moscow.", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ This article contains detailed descriptions of characters of the teen sci-fi TV show \"The Tribe\".", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ Like many other soaps the series had a large number of characters that increased as the series progressed.", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ Most of the main characters were members of the Mall Rats at one point or another.", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ Alice, played by Vanessa Stacey, is a member of the Mall Rats on the television series \"The Tribe\".", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ She originally was the leader of the Farm Girls.", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ She appears in episodes 132, 203 - 352, 547 - 548, 551.", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ Alice is fun loving and can be rowdy, but deep down she is kind and sensitive and has wisdom.", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ She is angry at injustice and has a hot temper.", "Ilya Repin __knowledge__ Ilya Yefimovich Repin (; ; – 29 September 1930) was a Russian realist painter.", "Ilya Repin __knowledge__ He was the most renowned Russian artist of the 19th century, when his position in the world of art was comparable to that of Leo Tolstoy in literature.", "Ilya Repin __knowledge__ He played a major role in bringing Russian art into the mainstream of European culture.", "Ilya Repin __knowledge__ His major works include \"Barge Haulers on the Volga\" (1873), \"Religious Procession in Kursk Province\" (1883) and \"Reply of the Zaporozhian Cossacks\" (1880–91).", "Ilya Repin __knowledge__ Repin was born in Chuguyev, in Kharkov Governorate, Ukraine (Russian Empire at that time) into a family of \"military settlers\".", "Beta distribution __knowledge__ In probability theory and statistics, the beta distribution is a family of continuous probability distributions defined on the interval [0, 1] parametrized by two positive shape parameters, denoted by \"α\" and \"β\", that appear as exponents of the random variable and control the shape of the distribution.", "Beta distribution __knowledge__ The beta distribution has been applied to model the behavior of random variables limited to intervals of finite length in a wide variety of disciplines.", "Beta distribution __knowledge__ In Bayesian inference, the beta distribution is the conjugate prior probability distribution for the Bernoulli, binomial, negative binomial and geometric distributions.", "Spotted hyena __knowledge__ The spotted hyena (\"Crocuta crocuta\"), also known as the laughing hyena, is a species of hyena, currently classed as the sole member of the genus \"Crocuta\", native to Sub-Saharan Africa.", "Spotted hyena __knowledge__ It is listed as being of least concern by the IUCN on account of its widespread range and large numbers estimated between 27,000 and 47,000 individuals.", "Spotted hyena __knowledge__ The species is, however, experiencing declines outside of protected areas due to habitat loss and poaching.", "Spotted hyena __knowledge__ The species may have originated in Asia, and once ranged throughout Europe for at least one million years until the end of the Late Pleistocene.", "Spotted hyena __knowledge__ The spotted hyena is the largest known member of the Hyaenidae, and is further physically distinguished from other species by its vaguely bear-like build, its rounded ears, its less prominent mane, its spotted pelt, its more dual purposed dentition, its fewer nipples and the presence of a pseudo-penis in the female.", "Video Graphics Array __knowledge__ Video Graphics Array (VGA) is the display hardware first introduced with the IBM PS/2 line of computers in 1987 , following CGA and EGA introduced in earlier IBM personal computers.", "Video Graphics Array __knowledge__ Through widespread adoption, the term has also come to mean either an analog computer display standard, the 15-pin D-subminiature VGA connector, or the 640×480 resolution characteristic of the VGA hardware.", "Video Graphics Array __knowledge__ VGA was the last IBM graphics standard to which the majority of PC clone manufacturers conformed, making it the lowest common denominator that virtually all post-1990 PC graphics hardware can be expected to implement.", "BKL singularity __knowledge__ A Belinsky-Khalatnikov-Lifshitz (BKL) singularity is a model of the dynamic evolution of the Universe near the initial singularity, described by an anisotropic, homogeneous, chaotic solution to Einstein's field equations of gravitation.", "BKL singularity __knowledge__ According to this model, the Universe is oscillating around a gravitational singularity in which time and space become equal to zero.", "BKL singularity __knowledge__ This singularity is physically real in the sense that it is a necessary property of the solution, and will appear also in the exact solution of those equations.", "BKL singularity __knowledge__ The singularity is not artificially created by the assumptions and simplifications made by the other special solutions such as the Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker, quasi-isotropic, and Kasner solutions.", "Environmental racism in Europe __knowledge__ Environmental racism in Europe has been documented in relation to racialized immigrant and migrant populations alongside Romani (Roma/Gypsy), Yenish, Irish Traveller, and communities (such as the Sami, Komi, and Nenets) from within continental borders.", "Environmental racism in Europe __knowledge__ Environmental racism is the practice of environmental injustice within a racialized context, in which socially marginalized communities and minority groups are subjected to disproportionate exposure of environmental hazards, denial of access to sources of ecological sustenance such as clean air, water, and natural resources, or infringement of environmentally related human rights.", "Ramón Rey Ardid __knowledge__ Ramón Rey Ardid (20 December 1903, Zaragoza – 21 January 1988) was a Spanish chess master.", "Ramón Rey Ardid __knowledge__ He was Spanish champion from 1929 to 1942.", "Ramón Rey Ardid __knowledge__ He was a psychiatrist and professor at the Zaragoza University.", "Ramón Rey Ardid __knowledge__ In 1924, he played for Spain in first unofficial Chess Olympiad in Paris (+4 –5 =4) where took team 10th place and shared 21st in Consolation Cup (B tournament, Karel Hromádka won).", "Ramón Rey Ardid __knowledge__ In 1928, he won the pre-Olympic tournament in Madrid, but later resigned from participation in the 2nd Olympiad at The Hague.", "Ramón Rey Ardid __knowledge__ In 1929, he tied for 4-5th in Barcelona (José Raúl Capablanca won) and took his first Spanish Champion title." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 5 ]

[ "Let me just say this: Hitchhiking is not transportation!", "EXACTLY! I mean it is I guess a mode used by people like Itinerants, but nonetheless dangerous!", "Can you believe there is a universal hand signal for it?" ]

[ "Hitchhiking", "Hitchhiking", "Hitchhiking" ]

[ "Photography", "What photography do you like best?", "Digital is much different from the old film cameras but I think film delivers a better picture", "Producing them at home is also cheaper. Is that true?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Photography __knowledge__ Photography is the science, art, application and practice of creating durable images by recording light or other electromagnetic radiation, either electronically by means of an image sensor, or chemically by means of a light-sensitive material such as photographic film.", "Photography __knowledge__ Typically, a lens is used to focus the light reflected or emitted from objects into a real image on the light-sensitive surface inside a camera during a timed exposure.", "Photography __knowledge__ With an electronic image sensor, this produces an electrical charge at each pixel, which is electronically processed and stored in a digital image file for subsequent display or processing.", "Photography __knowledge__ The result with photographic emulsion is an invisible latent image, which is later chemically \"developed\" into a visible image, either negative or positive depending on the purpose of the photographic material and the method of processing.", "Photography __knowledge__ A negative image on film is traditionally used to photographically create a positive image on a paper base, known as a print, either by using an enlarger or by contact printing.", "Photography __knowledge__ Photography is employed in many fields of science, manufacturing (e.g., photolithography), and business, as well as its more direct uses for art, film and video production, recreational purposes, hobby, and mass communication." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Photography __knowledge__ Photography is the science, art, application and practice of creating durable images by recording light or other electromagnetic radiation, either electronically by means of an image sensor, or chemically by means of a light-sensitive material such as photographic film.", "Photography __knowledge__ Typically, a lens is used to focus the light reflected or emitted from objects into a real image on the light-sensitive surface inside a camera during a timed exposure.", "Photography __knowledge__ With an electronic image sensor, this produces an electrical charge at each pixel, which is electronically processed and stored in a digital image file for subsequent display or processing.", "Photography __knowledge__ The result with photographic emulsion is an invisible latent image, which is later chemically \"developed\" into a visible image, either negative or positive depending on the purpose of the photographic material and the method of processing.", "Photography __knowledge__ A negative image on film is traditionally used to photographically create a positive image on a paper base, known as a print, either by using an enlarger or by contact printing.", "Photography __knowledge__ Photography is employed in many fields of science, manufacturing (e.g., photolithography), and business, as well as its more direct uses for art, film and video production, recreational purposes, hobby, and mass communication.", "Pictorialism __knowledge__ Pictorialism is the name given to an international style and aesthetic movement that dominated photography during the later 19th and early 20th centuries.", "Pictorialism __knowledge__ There is no standard definition of the term, but in general it refers to a style in which the photographer has somehow manipulated what would otherwise be a straightforward photograph as a means of \"creating\" an image rather than simply recording it.", "Pictorialism __knowledge__ Typically, a pictorial photograph appears to lack a sharp focus (some more so than others), is printed in one or more colors other than black-and-white (ranging from warm brown to deep blue) and may have visible brush strokes or other manipulation of the surface.", "Clarence Hudson White __knowledge__ Clarence Hudson White (April 8, 1871 – July 7, 1925) was an American photographer, teacher and a founding member of the Photo-Secession movement.", "Clarence Hudson White __knowledge__ He grew up in small towns in Ohio, where his primary influences were his family and the social life of rural America.", "Clarence Hudson White __knowledge__ After visiting the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago in 1893, he took up photography.", "Clarence Hudson White __knowledge__ Although he was completely self-taught in the medium, within a few years he was internationally known for his pictorial photographs that captured the spirit and sentimentality of America in the early twentieth century.", "Clarence Hudson White __knowledge__ As he became well known for his images, White was sought out by other photographers who often traveled to Ohio to learn from him.", "Apple Store __knowledge__ Apple Store is a chain of retail stores owned and operated by Apple Inc.", "Apple Store __knowledge__ The stores sell Mac personal computers, iPhone smartphones, iPad tablet computers, iPod portable media players, Apple Watch smartwatches, Apple TV digital media players, software, and select third-party accessories.", "Apple Store __knowledge__ The first Apple Stores were originally opened as two locations in May 2001 by then-CEO Steve Jobs, after years of attempting but failing store-within-a-store concepts.", "Apple Store __knowledge__ Seeing a need for improved retail presentation of the company's products, he began an effort in 1997 to revamp the retail program to get an improved relationship to consumers, and hired Ron Johnson in 2000.", "Norman Seeff __knowledge__ Norman Seeff was born March 5, 1939, in Johannesburg, South Africa.", "Norman Seeff __knowledge__ Since moving to the United States in 1969, his work as a photographer and filmmaker has been focused on the exploration of human creativity and the inner dynamics of the creative process.", "Norman Seeff __knowledge__ Seeff graduated with honors in science and art at King Edward VII School in Johannesburg.", "Norman Seeff __knowledge__ At the age of 17, he was drafted as the youngest player in the South African national soccer league.", "Norman Seeff __knowledge__ Seeff qualified as a medical doctor in 1965.", "Norman Seeff __knowledge__ For three years he worked in emergency medicine at the Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital in Soweto, focusing on the management of traumatic shock.", "Street photography __knowledge__ Street photography, also sometimes called candid photography, is photography conducted for art or enquiry that features unmediated chance encounters and random incidents within public places.", "Street photography __knowledge__ Although there is a difference between street and candid photography, it is usually subtle with most street photography being candid in nature but not all candid photography being classifiable as street photography.", "Street photography __knowledge__ Street photography does not necessitate the presence of a street or even the urban environment.", "Street photography __knowledge__ Though people usually feature directly, street photography might be absent of people and can be of an object or environment where the image projects a decidedly human character in facsimile or aesthetic.", "Women in photography __knowledge__ The participation of women in photography goes back to the very origins of the process.", "Women in photography __knowledge__ Several of the earliest women photographers, most of whom were from Britain or France, were married to male pioneers or had close relationships with their families.", "Women in photography __knowledge__ It was above all in northern Europe that women first entered the business of photography, opening studios in Denmark, France, Germany, and Sweden from the 1840s, while it was in Britain that women from well-to-do families developed photography as an art in the late 1850s.", "Women in photography __knowledge__ Not until the 1890s did the first studios run by women open in New York City.", "Rollei __knowledge__ Rollei () was a German manufacturer of optical instruments founded in 1920 by and in Braunschweig, Lower Saxony, and maker of the Rolleiflex and Rolleicord series of cameras.", "Rollei __knowledge__ Later products included specialty and nostalgic type films for the photo hobbyist market.", "Rollei __knowledge__ Originally named \"Werkstatt für Feinmechanik und Optik, Franke & Heidecke\", the company renamed into \"Rollei-Werke Franke & Heidecke GmbH\" in 1972, \"Rollei-Werke Franke & Heidecke GmbH & Co. KG\", in 1979, and \"Rollei Fototechnic GmbH & Co. KG\" in 1981.", "Rollei __knowledge__ After being purchased in 1995 by Samsung Techwin, part of the South Korean Samsung Group, it was sold back to its internal management in 1999.", "Cinematography __knowledge__ Cinematography (also called \"Direction of Photography\") is the science or art of motion-picture photography by recording light or other electromagnetic radiation, either electronically by means of an image sensor, or chemically by means of a light-sensitive material such as film stock.", "Cinematography __knowledge__ Typically, a lens is used to repeatedly focus the light reflected from objects into real images on the light-sensitive surface inside a camera during a questioned exposure, creating multiple images.", "Cinematography __knowledge__ With an electronic image sensor, this produces an electrical charge at each pixel, which is electronically processed and stored in a video file for subsequent display or processing.", "Color photography __knowledge__ Color (or colour) photography is photography that uses media capable of reproducing colors.", "Color photography __knowledge__ By contrast, black-and-white (monochrome) photography records only a single channel of luminance (brightness) and uses media capable only of showing shades of gray.", "Color photography __knowledge__ In color photography, electronic sensors or light-sensitive chemicals record color information at the time of exposure.", "Color photography __knowledge__ This is usually done by analyzing the spectrum of colors into three channels of information, one dominated by red, another by green and the third by blue, in imitation of the way the normal human eye senses color.", "Color photography __knowledge__ The recorded information is then used to reproduce the original colors by mixing various proportions of red, green and blue light (RGB color, used by video displays, digital projectors and some historical photographic processes), or by using dyes or pigments to remove various proportions of the red, green and blue which are present in white light (CMY color, used for prints on paper and transparencies on film).", "Alfred Stieglitz __knowledge__ Alfred Stieglitz (January 1, 1864 – July 13, 1946) was an American photographer and modern art promoter who was instrumental over his fifty-year career in making photography an accepted art form.", "Alfred Stieglitz __knowledge__ In addition to his photography, Stieglitz was known for the New York art galleries that he ran in the early part of the 20th century, where he introduced many avant-garde European artists to the U.S.", "Alfred Stieglitz __knowledge__ He was married to painter Georgia O'Keeffe.", "Alfred Stieglitz __knowledge__ Stieglitz was born in Hoboken, New Jersey, the first son of German-Jewish immigrants Edward Stieglitz (1833–1909) and Hedwig Ann Werner (1845–1922).", "Alfred Stieglitz __knowledge__ His father was a lieutenant in the Union Army.", "Camera __knowledge__ A camera is an optical instrument for recording or capturing images, which may be stored locally, transmitted to another location, or both.", "Camera __knowledge__ The images may be individual still photographs or sequences of images constituting videos or movies.", "Camera __knowledge__ The camera is a remote sensing device as it senses subjects without any contact .", "Camera __knowledge__ The word \"camera\" comes from \"camera obscura\", which means \"dark chamber\" and is the Latin name of the original device for projecting an image of external reality onto a flat surface.", "Camera __knowledge__ The modern photographic camera evolved from the camera obscura.", "Camera __knowledge__ The functioning of the camera is very similar to the functioning of the human eye." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Photography __knowledge__ Photography is the science, art, application and practice of creating durable images by recording light or other electromagnetic radiation, either electronically by means of an image sensor, or chemically by means of a light-sensitive material such as photographic film.", "Photography __knowledge__ Typically, a lens is used to focus the light reflected or emitted from objects into a real image on the light-sensitive surface inside a camera during a timed exposure.", "Photography __knowledge__ With an electronic image sensor, this produces an electrical charge at each pixel, which is electronically processed and stored in a digital image file for subsequent display or processing.", "Photography __knowledge__ The result with photographic emulsion is an invisible latent image, which is later chemically \"developed\" into a visible image, either negative or positive depending on the purpose of the photographic material and the method of processing.", "Photography __knowledge__ A negative image on film is traditionally used to photographically create a positive image on a paper base, known as a print, either by using an enlarger or by contact printing.", "Photography __knowledge__ Photography is employed in many fields of science, manufacturing (e.g., photolithography), and business, as well as its more direct uses for art, film and video production, recreational purposes, hobby, and mass communication.", "Digital photography __knowledge__ Digital photography is a form of photography that uses cameras containing arrays of electronic photodetectors to capture images focused by a lens, as opposed to an exposure on photographic film.", "Digital photography __knowledge__ The captured images are digitized and stored as a computer file ready for further digital processing, viewing, digital publishing or printing.", "Digital photography __knowledge__ Until the advent of such technology, photographs were made by exposing light sensitive photographic film and paper, which was processed in liquid chemical solutions to develop and stabilize the image.", "Digital photography __knowledge__ Digital photographs are typically created solely by computer-based photoelectric and mechanical techniques, without wet bath chemical processing.", "Digital camera __knowledge__ A digital camera or digicam is a camera that captures photographs in digital memory.", "Digital camera __knowledge__ Most cameras produced today are digital, and while there are still dedicated compact cameras on the market, the use of dedicated digital cameras is dwindling, as digital cameras are now incorporated into many devices ranging from mobile devices to vehicles.", "Digital camera __knowledge__ However, expensive, high-end, high-definition dedicated cameras are still commonly used by professionals.", "Digital camera __knowledge__ Digital and movie cameras share an optical system, typically using a lens with a variable diaphragm to focus light onto an image pickup device.", "Digital camera __knowledge__ The diaphragm and shutter admit the correct amount of light to the imager, just as with film but the image pickup device is electronic rather than chemical.", "Digital versus film photography __knowledge__ The merits of digital versus film photography were considered by photographers and filmmakers in the early 21st century after consumer digital cameras became widely available.", "Digital versus film photography __knowledge__ Digital photography and digital cinematography have both advantages and disadvantages relative to still film and motion picture film photography.", "Digital versus film photography __knowledge__ In the 21st century photography came to be predominantly digital, but traditional photochemical methods continue to serve many users and applications.", "Digital versus film photography __knowledge__ The visual quality of a digital photograph can be evaluated in several ways.", "Digital versus film photography __knowledge__ The pixel count of an image is related to its spatial resolution and is often used as a figure of merit.", "135 film __knowledge__ 135 is photographic film in a film format used for still photography.", "135 film __knowledge__ It is a cartridge film with a film gauge of 35 mm, typically used for hand-held photography in 35 mm film cameras.", "135 film __knowledge__ Its engineering standard for the film is controlled by ISO 1007.", "135 film __knowledge__ The term 135 (ISO 1007) was introduced by Kodak in 1934 as a designation for the cassette for 35 mm film, specifically for still photography.", "135 film __knowledge__ It quickly grew in popularity, surpassing 120 film by the late 1960s to become the most popular photographic film size.", "135 film __knowledge__ Despite competition from formats such as 828, 126, 110, and APS, it remains so today.", "135 film __knowledge__ 135 camera film always comes perforated with Kodak Standard perforations.", "IMAX __knowledge__ IMAX is a 70 mm motion picture film format that displays images of greater size and resolution than conventional film systems.", "IMAX __knowledge__ Graeme Ferguson, Roman Kroitor, Robert Kerr, and William C. Shaw developed the IMAX cinema projection standards in the late 1960s and early 1970s in Canada.", "IMAX __knowledge__ Unlike conventional projectors, the film runs horizontally (see diagram sprocket holes) so that the image width is greater than the width of the film.", "IMAX __knowledge__ Since 2002, some feature films have been converted into IMAX format for displaying in IMAX theatres, and some have also been partially shot in IMAX.", "IMAX __knowledge__ IMAX is the most widely used system for special-venue film presentations.", "Camera __knowledge__ A camera is an optical instrument for recording or capturing images, which may be stored locally, transmitted to another location, or both.", "Camera __knowledge__ The images may be individual still photographs or sequences of images constituting videos or movies.", "Camera __knowledge__ The camera is a remote sensing device as it senses subjects without any contact .", "Camera __knowledge__ The word \"camera\" comes from \"camera obscura\", which means \"dark chamber\" and is the Latin name of the original device for projecting an image of external reality onto a flat surface.", "Camera __knowledge__ The modern photographic camera evolved from the camera obscura.", "Camera __knowledge__ The functioning of the camera is very similar to the functioning of the human eye.", "Kodak __knowledge__ The Eastman Kodak Company (referred to simply as Kodak) is an American technology company that produces imaging products with its historic basis on photography.", "Kodak __knowledge__ The company is headquartered in Rochester, New York and is incorporated in New Jersey.", "Kodak __knowledge__ Kodak provides packaging, functional printing, graphic communications and professional services for businesses around the world.", "Kodak __knowledge__ Its main business segments are Print Systems, Enterprise Inkjet Systems, Micro 3D Printing and Packaging, Software and Solutions, and Consumer and Film.", "Kodak __knowledge__ It is best known for photographic film products.", "Kodak __knowledge__ Kodak was founded by George Eastman and Henry A.", "Digital single-lens reflex camera __knowledge__ A digital single-lens reflex camera (also called a digital SLR or DSLR) is a digital camera that combines the optics and the mechanisms of a single-lens reflex camera with a digital imaging sensor, as opposed to photographic film.", "Digital single-lens reflex camera __knowledge__ The reflex design scheme is the primary difference between a DSLR and other digital cameras.", "Digital single-lens reflex camera __knowledge__ In the reflex design, light travels through the lens, then to a mirror that alternates to send the image to either the viewfinder or the image sensor.", "Digital single-lens reflex camera __knowledge__ The traditional alternative would be to have a viewfinder with its own lens, hence the term \"single lens\" for this design.", "Digital single-lens reflex camera __knowledge__ By using only one lens, the viewfinder of a DSLR presents an image that will not differ substantially from what is captured by the camera's sensor.", "Image sensor format __knowledge__ \"Note: If you came here to get a quick understanding of numbers like 1/2.3, skip ahead to table of sensor formats and sizes.", "Image sensor format __knowledge__ For a simplified discussion of image sensors see image sensor.\"", "Image sensor format __knowledge__ In digital photography, the image sensor format is the shape and size of the image sensor.", "Image sensor format __knowledge__ The image sensor format of a digital camera determines the angle of view of a particular lens when used with a particular sensor.", "Image sensor format __knowledge__ Because the image sensors in many digital cameras is smaller than the 24 mm × 36 mm image area of full-frame 35-mm cameras, a lens of a given focal length will give a narrower field of view on such cameras.", "Raw image format __knowledge__ A camera raw image file contains minimally processed data from the image sensor of either a digital camera, image scanner, or motion picture film scanner.", "Raw image format __knowledge__ Raw files are named so because they are not yet processed and therefore are not ready to be printed or edited with a bitmap graphics editor.", "Raw image format __knowledge__ Normally, the image is processed by a raw converter in a wide-gamut internal color space where precise adjustments can be made before conversion to a \"positive\" file format such as TIFF or JPEG for storage, printing, or further manipulation.", "Raw image format __knowledge__ This often encodes the image in a device-dependent color space.", "Image stabilization __knowledge__ Image stabilization (IS) is a family of techniques that reduce blurring associated with the motion of a camera or other imaging device during exposure.", "Image stabilization __knowledge__ Generally, it compensates for pan and tilt (angular movement, equivalent to yaw and pitch) of the imaging device, though electronic image stabilization can also compensate for rotation.", "Image stabilization __knowledge__ It is used in image-stabilized binoculars, still and video cameras, astronomical telescopes, and also smartphones, mainly the high-end.", "Image stabilization __knowledge__ With still cameras, camera shake is particularly problematic at slow shutter speeds or with long focal length (telephoto or zoom) lenses." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Photography __knowledge__ Photography is the science, art, application and practice of creating durable images by recording light or other electromagnetic radiation, either electronically by means of an image sensor, or chemically by means of a light-sensitive material such as photographic film.", "Photography __knowledge__ Typically, a lens is used to focus the light reflected or emitted from objects into a real image on the light-sensitive surface inside a camera during a timed exposure.", "Photography __knowledge__ With an electronic image sensor, this produces an electrical charge at each pixel, which is electronically processed and stored in a digital image file for subsequent display or processing.", "Photography __knowledge__ The result with photographic emulsion is an invisible latent image, which is later chemically \"developed\" into a visible image, either negative or positive depending on the purpose of the photographic material and the method of processing.", "Photography __knowledge__ A negative image on film is traditionally used to photographically create a positive image on a paper base, known as a print, either by using an enlarger or by contact printing.", "Photography __knowledge__ Photography is employed in many fields of science, manufacturing (e.g., photolithography), and business, as well as its more direct uses for art, film and video production, recreational purposes, hobby, and mass communication.", "Land Rover Series __knowledge__ The Land Rover Series I, II, and III (commonly referred to as \"series\" Land Rovers, to distinguish them from later models) are off-road vehicles produced by the British manufacturer Rover Company that were inspired by the US-built Willys Jeep.", "Land Rover Series __knowledge__ In 1992, Land Rover claimed that 70% of all the vehicles they had built were still in use.", "Land Rover Series __knowledge__ Series models feature leaf-sprung suspension with selectable two or four-wheel drive (4WD); though the Stage 1 V8 version of the Series III featured permanent 4WD.", "Land Rover Series __knowledge__ All three models could be started with a front hand crank and had the option of a rear power takeoff for accessories.", "TVR __knowledge__ TVR is an independent British manufacturer of high-end sports cars.", "TVR __knowledge__ The company manufactures lightweight sports cars with powerful engines and was, at one time, the third-largest specialised sports car manufacturer in the world, offering a diverse range of coupés and convertibles.", "TVR __knowledge__ The company is planning to bring a range of new cars to market from 2019 with partners Gordon Murray and Cosworth.", "TVR __knowledge__ It will start by introducing the second generation of the Griffith in the market.", "TVR __knowledge__ The abbreviation TVR stems from the name of the company's owner Trevor Wilkinson, his first garage sporting the letters T, V and R. The history of TVR can be divided into several eras, each of which is associated with the company's owner at the start of that period: Trevor Wilkinson (14 May 1923–6 June 2008) was born in Blackpool and left school at 14 to start an engineering apprenticeship at a local garage.", "Ancient Egyptian literature __knowledge__ Ancient Egyptian literature was written in the Egyptian language from ancient Egypt's pharaonic period until the end of Roman domination.", "Ancient Egyptian literature __knowledge__ It represents the oldest corpus of Egyptian literature.", "Ancient Egyptian literature __knowledge__ Along with Sumerian literature, it is considered the world's earliest literature.", "Ancient Egyptian literature __knowledge__ Writing in ancient Egypt—both hieroglyphic and hieratic—first appeared in the late 4th millennium BC during the late phase of predynastic Egypt.", "Ancient Egyptian literature __knowledge__ By the Old Kingdom (26th century BC to 22nd century BC), literary works included funerary texts, epistles and letters, hymns and poems, and commemorative autobiographical texts recounting the careers of prominent administrative officials.", "Hacker Radio Ltd __knowledge__ Hacker Radio Limited manufactured domestic radio and audio equipment.", "Hacker Radio Ltd __knowledge__ The company was formed in Maidenhead by brothers Ron and Arthur Hacker in 1959, and traded successfully until 1977.", "Hacker Radio Ltd __knowledge__ Financial difficulties resulted in the company being sold and relaunched with the name Hacker Sound which closed in 1979.", "Hacker Radio Ltd __knowledge__ The Hacker brothers founded Dynatron in the late 1920s with help from their father Harry, but in 1955 Ekco took over the company, which at the time employed 150 people.", "Hacker Radio Ltd __knowledge__ By 1959, the number of employees had risen to 250, but the Hacker brothers were uncomfortable with the arrangements and decided to set up their own company, Hacker Radio Limited.", "Nutrition transition __knowledge__ Nutrition transition is the shift in dietary consumption and energy expenditure that coincides with economic, demographic, and epidemiological changes.", "Nutrition transition __knowledge__ Specifically the term is used for the transition of developing countries from traditional diets high in cereal and fiber to more Western pattern diets high in sugars, fat, and animal-source food.", "Nutrition transition __knowledge__ The nutrition transition model was first proposed in 1993 by Barry Popkin, and is the most cited framework in literature regarding the nutrition transition, although it has been subject to some criticism for being overly simplified.", "Nutrition transition __knowledge__ Popkin posits that two other historic transitions affect and are affected by nutritional transition.", "Compressed natural gas __knowledge__ Compressed natural gas (CNG) (methane stored at high pressure) is a fuel which can be used in place of gasoline (petrol), Diesel fuel and propane/LPG.", "Compressed natural gas __knowledge__ CNG combustion produces fewer undesirable gases than the fuels mentioned above.", "Compressed natural gas __knowledge__ It is safer than other fuels in the event of a spill, because natural gas is lighter than air and disperses quickly when released.", "Compressed natural gas __knowledge__ CNG may be found above oil deposits, or may be collected from landfills or wastewater treatment plants where it is known as biogas.", "Compressed natural gas __knowledge__ CNG is made by compressing natural gas (which is mainly composed of methane, CH), to less than 1 percent of the volume it occupies at standard atmospheric pressure.", "Filipino cartoon and animation __knowledge__ Filipino cartoon and animation, also known as Pinoy cartoon and animation, is a body of original cultural and artistic works and styles applied to conventional Filipino storytelling, combined with talent and the appropriate application of classic animation principles, methods, and techniques, which recognizes their relationship with Filipino culture, comics, and films.", "Filipino cartoon and animation __knowledge__ It also delves into relying on traditional and common Filipino “sense of going about things” or manner of coping with Filipino life and environment.", "Filipino cartoon and animation __knowledge__ Original Filipino cartoons began with the publication of local comic books, known as \"komiks\".", "Digital photography __knowledge__ Digital photography is a form of photography that uses cameras containing arrays of electronic photodetectors to capture images focused by a lens, as opposed to an exposure on photographic film.", "Digital photography __knowledge__ The captured images are digitized and stored as a computer file ready for further digital processing, viewing, digital publishing or printing.", "Digital photography __knowledge__ Until the advent of such technology, photographs were made by exposing light sensitive photographic film and paper, which was processed in liquid chemical solutions to develop and stabilize the image.", "Digital photography __knowledge__ Digital photographs are typically created solely by computer-based photoelectric and mechanical techniques, without wet bath chemical processing.", "Digital imaging __knowledge__ Digital imaging or digital image acquisition is the creation of photographic images, such as of a physical scene or of the interior structure of an object.", "Digital imaging __knowledge__ The term is often assumed to imply or include the processing, compression, storage, printing, and display of such images.", "Digital imaging __knowledge__ Digital imaging can be classified by the type of electromagnetic radiation or other waves whose variable attenuation, as they pass through or reflect off objects, conveys the information that constitutes the image.", "Digital imaging __knowledge__ In all classes of digital imaging, the information is converted by image sensors into digital signals that are processed by a computer and made output as a visible-light image.", "Camera __knowledge__ A camera is an optical instrument for recording or capturing images, which may be stored locally, transmitted to another location, or both.", "Camera __knowledge__ The images may be individual still photographs or sequences of images constituting videos or movies.", "Camera __knowledge__ The camera is a remote sensing device as it senses subjects without any contact .", "Camera __knowledge__ The word \"camera\" comes from \"camera obscura\", which means \"dark chamber\" and is the Latin name of the original device for projecting an image of external reality onto a flat surface.", "Camera __knowledge__ The modern photographic camera evolved from the camera obscura.", "Camera __knowledge__ The functioning of the camera is very similar to the functioning of the human eye.", "Conservation and restoration of photographs __knowledge__ The Conservation and restoration of photographs is the study of the physical care and treatment of photographic materials.", "Conservation and restoration of photographs __knowledge__ It covers both efforts undertaken by photograph conservators, librarians, archivists, and museum curators who manage photograph collections at a variety of cultural heritage institutions, as well as steps taken to preserve collections of personal and family photographs.", "Conservation and restoration of photographs __knowledge__ It is an umbrella term that includes both preventative preservation activities such as environmental control and conservation techniques that involve treating individual items.", "Conservation and restoration of photographs __knowledge__ Both preservation and conservation require an in-depth understanding of how photographs are made, and the causes and prevention of deterioration.", "Color photography __knowledge__ Color (or colour) photography is photography that uses media capable of reproducing colors.", "Color photography __knowledge__ By contrast, black-and-white (monochrome) photography records only a single channel of luminance (brightness) and uses media capable only of showing shades of gray.", "Color photography __knowledge__ In color photography, electronic sensors or light-sensitive chemicals record color information at the time of exposure.", "Color photography __knowledge__ This is usually done by analyzing the spectrum of colors into three channels of information, one dominated by red, another by green and the third by blue, in imitation of the way the normal human eye senses color.", "Color photography __knowledge__ The recorded information is then used to reproduce the original colors by mixing various proportions of red, green and blue light (RGB color, used by video displays, digital projectors and some historical photographic processes), or by using dyes or pigments to remove various proportions of the red, green and blue which are present in white light (CMY color, used for prints on paper and transparencies on film).", "Breathalyzer __knowledge__ A breathalyzer or breathalyser (a portmanteau of \"breath\" and \"analyzer/analyser\") is a device for estimating blood alcohol content (BAC) from a breath sample.", "Breathalyzer __knowledge__ Breathalyzer is the brand name (a genericized trademark) for the instrument that tests the alcohol level developed by inventor Robert Frank Borkenstein.", "Breathalyzer __knowledge__ It was registered as a trademark on May 13, 1954, but many people use the term to refer to any generic device for estimating blood alcohol content .", "Breathalyzer __knowledge__ A 1927 paper produced by Emil Bogen, who collected air in a football bladder and then tested this air for traces of alcohol, discovered that the alcohol content of 2 litres of expired air was a little greater than that of 1 cc of urine." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 10, 40 ]

[ "I'm saving up to buy a new camera to pursue my interest in photography. In photography, you can create art by recording light on an image.", "I really like digital photography where an electronic image sensor produces a charge for each pixel which is then stored as a digital image file.", "One thing I like about digital photography is that the images can be produced without wet bath chemical processing, so I can produce them at home.", "Yes- you can print them images either with a regular printer or photo printer, rather than having to use liquid chemical solutions and light sensitive paper. It's a big saver." ]

[ "Photography", "Photography", "Photography", "Photography" ]

[ "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom", "Oh haha, I used to watch that when I was younger", "Interesting, did you enjoy watching it with your daughter, than?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ \"\" is an animated television series produced by Hasbro as part of the \"My Little Pony\" toy franchise, which is tied in with the 2010 launch of dolls and play sets, and original programming for U.S. cable channel Discovery Family (formerly Hub Network).", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ Lauren Faust was selected as the creative developer and executive producer for the show, based on her previous animation experience with shows like \"The Powerpuff Girls\" and \"Foster's Home for Imaginary Friends\".", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ Under Hasbro's guidance, Faust developed the show to appeal to the target demographic of young girls and their parents, but created characters and settings that challenged formerly stereotypical norms of \"girly\" images, and added adventure and humorous elements to keep parents interested.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ The show received praise from television critics and parental groups.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ It also found an unlikely audience in a large group of adult Internet users in late 2010 and early 2011, forming a subculture.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ These fans, mostly male, were drawn to the show's characters, stories, animation style, and influence of the show's propagation as an Internet meme.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ The fandom adopted the name brony (plural bronies), a portmanteau of \"bro\" and \"pony\".", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ Though initially considered to propagate the humorous and ironic concept of people enjoying a show for young girls, the fandom has shown deeper appreciation for the show far beyond this concept, and is considered part of a New Sincerity trend." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ \"\" is an animated television series produced by Hasbro as part of the \"My Little Pony\" toy franchise, which is tied in with the 2010 launch of dolls and play sets, and original programming for U.S. cable channel Discovery Family (formerly Hub Network).", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ Lauren Faust was selected as the creative developer and executive producer for the show, based on her previous animation experience with shows like \"The Powerpuff Girls\" and \"Foster's Home for Imaginary Friends\".", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ Under Hasbro's guidance, Faust developed the show to appeal to the target demographic of young girls and their parents, but created characters and settings that challenged formerly stereotypical norms of \"girly\" images, and added adventure and humorous elements to keep parents interested.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ The show received praise from television critics and parental groups.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ It also found an unlikely audience in a large group of adult Internet users in late 2010 and early 2011, forming a subculture.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ These fans, mostly male, were drawn to the show's characters, stories, animation style, and influence of the show's propagation as an Internet meme.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ The fandom adopted the name brony (plural bronies), a portmanteau of \"bro\" and \"pony\".", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ Though initially considered to propagate the humorous and ironic concept of people enjoying a show for young girls, the fandom has shown deeper appreciation for the show far beyond this concept, and is considered part of a New Sincerity trend.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Ha Dong-hoon (; born on August 20, 1979), better known by his stage name Haha (), is a South Korean singer, variety show host and member of Skull & Haha.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He is best known for being in the sitcom, \"Nonstop\" and for co-hosting two popular variety programs, MBC's \"Infinite Challenge\" and SBS's \"Running Man\".", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He has also hosted his own show, titled \"Ya Man TV\" on Mnet in 2015.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Haha was born on August 20, 1979 in Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, West Germany and moved to Seoul, South Korea when he was an infant.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ His parents are both Korean, with his mother holding a doctorate in psychology, and he has an older sister, Ha Juri () who is a pianist, also with a doctorate.", "O mein Papa __knowledge__ \"O mein Papa\" is a German song, as related by a young woman remembering her beloved, once-famous clown father.", "O mein Papa __knowledge__ It was written by Swiss composer Paul Burkhard in 1939 for the musical \"Der schwarze Hecht\" (\"The Black Pike\"), reproduced in 1950 as \"Das Feuerwerk\" (\"The Firework\") to a libretto by Erik Charell, Jürg Amstein, and Robert Gilbert.", "O mein Papa __knowledge__ In 1954, that musical was turned into the film \"Fireworks\" with Lilli Palmer.", "O mein Papa __knowledge__ \"Oh, mein Papa\", an instrumental version by trumpeter Eddie Calvert, topped the UK Singles Chart in 1954, and was also a Top 10 hit in the US.", "O mein Papa __knowledge__ It was adapted into English by John Turner and Geoffrey Parsons under the title \"Oh!", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ The following is list of characters the appear in the cartoon series, \"Generator Rex\".", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ Ricardo \"Rex\" Salazar is a young human-looking E.V.O, but unlike other E.V.O.s, Rex has the ability to control his nanites at will, allowing him to cure other E.V.O.s of their mutations and use his nanites to create a variety of machines on his body and communicate with a variety of machines.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ Rex is overconfident, impulsive, and typically, rebellious.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ He has a quick wit and is constantly making jokes.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ However, when Rex needs to defend himself, he doesn't hold back.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ He prefers to smash anything that gets in his way.", "Running Man Brothers __knowledge__ Running Man Brothers is a South Korean pop duo, which is named after the South Korean television show \"Running Man\".", "Running Man Brothers __knowledge__ The group is composed of cast members Kim Jong-kook and Haha and was formed in 2014.", "Running Man Brothers __knowledge__ Kim and Haha are regular cast members on the variety show \"Running Man\", which started airing in 2010, and they have been called it's favorite \"duo.\"", "Running Man Brothers __knowledge__ Although Yoo Jae-suk is the star of the show, Kim and Haha have been written of as the \"spice\" of the show, with references to Kim's \"boyish likeability, upbeat personality and masculinity\" and Haha for \"his insatiable sense of humor and free spirit,\" and together are called \"the musical duo.\"", "2013 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The 2013 Alabama Crimson Tide football team (variously \"Alabama\", \"UA\", \"Bama\" or \"The Tide\") represented the University of Alabama in the 2013 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2013 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ It was the Crimson Tide's 119th overall season, 80th as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and its 22nd within the SEC Western Division.", "2013 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The team was led by head coach Nick Saban, in his seventh year, and played its home games at Bryant–Denny Stadium in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.", "2013 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ They finished the season with a record of eleven wins and two losses (11–2 overall, 7–1 in the SEC) and with a loss in the 2014 Sugar Bowl to Oklahoma.", "Haha Sound __knowledge__ Haha Sound is the second studio album by British indie electronic band Broadcast.", "Haha Sound __knowledge__ It was released on 11 August 2003 by Warp Records.", "Haha Sound __knowledge__ \"Haha Sound\" was released to critical acclaim and became their first charting album in the United States, reaching the top ten of the Top Dance/Electronic Albums chart.", "Haha Sound __knowledge__ Online music magazine \"Pitchfork\" placed \"Haha Sound\" at number 121 on their list of top 200 albums of the 2000s.", "Haha Sound __knowledge__ In November 2007, \"Haha Sound\" was listed as one of \"The Guardian\"s \"1000 Albums to Listen to Before You Die\".", "Haha Sound __knowledge__ In his review for \"Jockey Slut\", Paul Clarke called the album \"a dizzying ride\".", "Drug War (film) __knowledge__ Drug War () is a Chinese-Hong Kong crime thriller film directed and produced by Johnnie To.", "Drug War (film) __knowledge__ The film stars Sun Honglei as Police Captain Zhang, who partners with a drug lord named Timmy Choi (Louis Koo) after Choi is arrested.", "Drug War (film) __knowledge__ To avoid the death penalty, Choi agrees to reveal information about his partners' methamphetamine ring.", "Drug War (film) __knowledge__ Zhang starts to harbor doubts about Choi's honesty as the police begin to take on the drug ring.", "Drug War (film) __knowledge__ The film premiered at the Rome Film Festival on November 15, 2012.", "Drug War (film) __knowledge__ It has received positive reviews.", "Drug War (film) __knowledge__ Fleeing from an explosion at his drug production facility, Choi crashes his car into a restaurant and as he revives he is captured by Captain Zhang Lei.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic __knowledge__ My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic is a children's animated fantasy television series created by Lauren Faust for Hasbro.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic __knowledge__ The series is based on Hasbro's My Little Pony line of toys and animated works and is often referred by collectors as the fourth generation (\"G4\") of the franchise.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic __knowledge__ The series premiered on October 10, 2010, on The Hub cable channel.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic __knowledge__ Hasbro selected animator Lauren Faust as the creative director and executive producer for the show.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic __knowledge__ Faust sought to challenge the established nature of the existing My Little Pony line, creating more in-depth characters and adventurous settings; she left the series during season 2, to be replaced by Meghan McCarthy as showrunner.", "My Little Pony __knowledge__ My Little Pony is an entertainment franchise developed by Hasbro, originally as a toy line for girls.", "My Little Pony __knowledge__ The first toys were developed by Bonnie Zacherle, Charles Muenchinger, and Steve D'Aguanno, and were produced in 1981.", "My Little Pony __knowledge__ The ponies feature colorful bodies, manes and a unique symbol on one or both sides of their flanks.", "My Little Pony __knowledge__ Such symbols are referred to in the two most recent incarnations as \"cutie marks.\"", "My Little Pony __knowledge__ My Little Pony has been revamped several times with new and more modern looks to appeal to a new market.", "My Little Pony __knowledge__ Following the original My Pretty Pony toy that was introduced in 1981, My Little Pony was launched in 1982 and the line became popular during the 1980s.", "My Little Pony (IDW Publishing) __knowledge__ IDW Publishing, an American comic publisher which has been publishing tie-in comic books to Hasbro properties since 2005, began to publish monthly My Little Pony comics beginning in November 2012.", "My Little Pony (IDW Publishing) __knowledge__ The comics published so far are based on the characters from the 2010 relaunch of the franchise and its \"\" television series, as well as the anthropomorphic spin-off .", "My Little Pony (IDW Publishing) __knowledge__ The flagship title, My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic, is a monthly comic book series that debuted on November 28, 2012.", "My Little Pony (IDW Publishing) __knowledge__ The series is typically written in story arcs that span either two or four issues apiece; Katie Cook and Andy Price write and illustrate the first arc, respectively, while Heather Nuhfer and Amy Mebberson perform the same on the second.", "My Little Pony: Equestria Girls __knowledge__ My Little Pony: Equestria Girls, also known as simply Equestria Girls, is a Canadian-American product line of fashion dolls and media franchise launched in 2013 by Hasbro, as a spin-off of the 2010 of the My Little Pony franchise.", "My Little Pony: Equestria Girls __knowledge__ \"Equestria Girls\" features anthropomorphized versions of \"My Little Pony\" characters from \"Friendship Is Magic\".", "My Little Pony: Equestria Girls __knowledge__ It includes various doll lines and media tie-ins (including four films, music albums, a mobile app, three TV specials, , a web series on YouTube, and two one-hour TV specials).", "My Little Pony: Equestria Girls __knowledge__ The \"Equestria Girls\" fictional universe is established as a parallel counterpart to the main world of the 2010 incarnation of My Little Pony, populated with humanoid versions of the characters from the franchise.", "My Little Pony: The Movie (2017 film) __knowledge__ My Little Pony: The Movie is a 2017 animated musical fantasy film based on the television series \"\", which was developed as part of the 2010 re-launch of the \"My Little Pony\" franchise by Hasbro.", "My Little Pony: The Movie (2017 film) __knowledge__ The film was directed by Jayson Thiessen and based on a story and screenplay co-written by Meghan McCarthy, both \"Friendship Is Magic\" veterans.", "My Little Pony: The Movie (2017 film) __knowledge__ In addition to the series' regular voice cast of Tara Strong, Ashleigh Ball, Andrea Libman, Tabitha St. Germain and Cathy Weseluck, the film also features the voices of Emily Blunt, Kristin Chenoweth, Liev Schreiber, Michael Peña, Sia, Taye Diggs, Uzo Aduba and Zoe Saldana as new characters.", "My Little Pony (2010 toyline) __knowledge__ In 2010, American toy company Hasbro relaunched its My Little Pony toyline and media franchise originally created in the 1980s, with the animated television series \"\" as a flagship non-toy media.", "My Little Pony (2010 toyline) __knowledge__ This generation is not given any name by Hasbro, but some of later releases of toys are labeled with the subtitle \"Friendship Is Magic\".", "My Little Pony (2010 toyline) __knowledge__ It is unofficially referred to the \"Fourth Generation\", \"Generation Four\" or \"G4\" by collectors.", "My Little Pony (2010 toyline) __knowledge__ It takes place in the fictional location named Equestria, a society inhabited by three kinds of ponies (earth ponies, unicorns and pegasi) and other species, with winged unicorns – named \"alicorns\" in later releases despite the word's origin – having royal status." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ \"\" is an animated television series produced by Hasbro as part of the \"My Little Pony\" toy franchise, which is tied in with the 2010 launch of dolls and play sets, and original programming for U.S. cable channel Discovery Family (formerly Hub Network).", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ Lauren Faust was selected as the creative developer and executive producer for the show, based on her previous animation experience with shows like \"The Powerpuff Girls\" and \"Foster's Home for Imaginary Friends\".", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ Under Hasbro's guidance, Faust developed the show to appeal to the target demographic of young girls and their parents, but created characters and settings that challenged formerly stereotypical norms of \"girly\" images, and added adventure and humorous elements to keep parents interested.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ The show received praise from television critics and parental groups.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ It also found an unlikely audience in a large group of adult Internet users in late 2010 and early 2011, forming a subculture.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ These fans, mostly male, were drawn to the show's characters, stories, animation style, and influence of the show's propagation as an Internet meme.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ The fandom adopted the name brony (plural bronies), a portmanteau of \"bro\" and \"pony\".", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ Though initially considered to propagate the humorous and ironic concept of people enjoying a show for young girls, the fandom has shown deeper appreciation for the show far beyond this concept, and is considered part of a New Sincerity trend.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ Grey's Anatomy is an American medical drama television series that premiered on March 27, 2005, on American Broadcasting Company (ABC) as a mid-season replacement.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The fictional series focuses on the lives of surgical interns, residents, and attending physicians, as they develop into seasoned doctors while trying to maintain personal lives and relationships.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The title is a play on \"Gray's Anatomy\", a classic human anatomy textbook first published in 1858 in London and written by Henry Gray.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ Shonda Rhimes developed the pilot and continues to write for the series; she is also one of the executive producers, along with Betsy Beers, Mark Gordon, Krista Vernoff, Rob Corn, Mark Wilding, and Allan Heinberg.", "My Own Private Idaho __knowledge__ My Own Private Idaho is a 1991 American independent adventure drama film written and directed by Gus Van Sant, loosely based on Shakespeare's \"Henry IV, Part 1\", \"Henry IV, Part 2\", and \"Henry V\", and starring River Phoenix and Keanu Reeves.", "My Own Private Idaho __knowledge__ The story follows two friends, Mike and Scott, as they embark on a journey of personal discovery that takes them to Mike's hometown in Idaho and then to Italy in search of Mike's mother.", "My Own Private Idaho __knowledge__ Van Sant originally wrote the screenplay in the 1970s, but discarded it after reading John Rechy's 1963 novel \"City of Night\" and concluding that Rechy's treatment of the subject of street hustlers was better than his own.", "The Last House on the Left (2009 film) __knowledge__ The Last House on the Left is a 2009 American horror film directed by Dennis Iliadis and written by Carl Ellsworth and Adam Alleca.", "The Last House on the Left (2009 film) __knowledge__ It is a remake of the 1972 film of the same name, and stars Tony Goldwyn, Monica Potter, Garret Dillahunt, Spencer Treat Clark, Martha MacIsaac and Sara Paxton.", "The Last House on the Left (2009 film) __knowledge__ The film follows the parents (Goldwyn and Potter) of Mari Collingwood (Paxton), who attempt to get revenge on a group of strangers, led by a man named Krug (Dillahunt), that have taken shelter at their home during a thunderstorm.", "The Last House on the Left (2009 film) __knowledge__ The film rights were picked up by Rogue Pictures in 2006, with the remake being the first film produced by Wes Craven's new production studio Midnight Pictures.", "GOM Player __knowledge__ GOM Player (short for Gretech Online Movie Player) is a media player for Windows, developed by the GOM & Company of South Korea.", "GOM Player __knowledge__ Its main features include the ability to play some broken media files and find missing codecs using a codec finder service.", "GOM Player __knowledge__ The word \"gom\" (곰) means \"bear\" in Korean, and as such GOM Player uses a bear's paw as its icon.", "GOM Player __knowledge__ GOM Player can play following multimedia formats: The player can play incomplete, broken or damaged AVI files by skipping bad frames and rebuilding the file's index when necessary.", "GOM Player __knowledge__ GOM Player also supports peer-to-peer video streaming through an official add-on called GOMTV Streamer.", "Barry Davies __knowledge__ Barry George Davies, MBE (born 24 October 1937 in London) is an English sports commentator and television presenter.", "Barry Davies __knowledge__ He has covered a wide range of sports in a long career, primarily for the BBC.", "Barry Davies __knowledge__ Although best known for his football commentary, Davies has commentated on numerous other sports, including tennis, badminton, ice hockey, ice skating, gymnastics, hockey, cycling, beach volleyball and athletics, and primarily in the BBC's Olympics coverage, where he twice (Sydney 2000 and Athens 2004 commentated on the opening and closing ceremonies of the Summer Games.", "Barry Davies __knowledge__ He was also the 'Voice of the Boat Race' between 1993 and 2004, until the BBC lost the rights to cover the event, and the presenter of \"Maestro\" in the 1980s, a series of interviews with retired sporting legends.", "Suphan Buri Province __knowledge__ Suphan Buri (, ) is one of the central provinces (\"changwat\") of Thailand.", "Suphan Buri Province __knowledge__ Neighbouring provinces are (from north clockwise) Uthai Thani, Chai Nat, Sing Buri, Ang Thong, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya, Nakhon Pathom and Kanchanaburi.", "Suphan Buri Province __knowledge__ The word \"Suphan\" originates from the Sanskrit word \"Suvarna\" (Devanagari: सुवर्ण), meaning \"gold\", and the word \"buri\" from Sanskrit \"Purī\" (Devanagari: पुरी), meaning \"town\" or \"city\".", "Suphan Buri Province __knowledge__ Hence the name of the province literally means \"City of Gold\".", "Suphan Buri Province __knowledge__ The terrain of the province is mostly low river plains, with small mountain ranges in the north and the west of the province.", "S&amp;Man __knowledge__ S&Man (pronounced as Sandman) is a 2006 pseudo-documentary film that examines the underground subculture of horror films.", "S&amp;Man __knowledge__ It contains interviews with indie horror filmmakers and other horror experts, including Erik Marcisak, Bill Zebub, Fred Vogel, Carol J. Clover, and Debbie D., as well as a scripted plot that comes into focus in the film's second half.", "S&amp;Man __knowledge__ The film discusses why some people enjoy underground horror films involving fetishes.", "S&amp;Man __knowledge__ Although the film is classified as a documentary, there is a fictional subplot which helps advance the film's theme by showing what some people really think about the genre.", "Young Girls __knowledge__ \"Young Girls\" is a song by American singer-songwriter Bruno Mars.", "Young Girls __knowledge__ It was composed by Bruno Mars, Philip Lawrence and Ari Levine, Jeff Bhasker, Emile Haynie, with additional songwriter credits by Mac Davis, for Mars' second studio album \"Unorthodox Jukebox\" (2012).", "Young Girls __knowledge__ \"Young Girls\" is a midtempo pop ballad, which incorporates elements of doo-wop, and reminiscent of Mars' \"It Will Rain\" and Lana Del Rey's music.", "Young Girls __knowledge__ Its music is largely based on drums, synths, piano and \"bits of\" electronic music.", "Young Girls __knowledge__ \"Young Girls\" was released as the first promotional single and later as the fifth overall single from \"Unorthodox Jukebox\", being first serviced to Contemporary hit radio in Australia on November 26, 2013.", "Madeline (video game series) __knowledge__ Madeline is a series of educational point-and-click adventure video games developed in the mid 1990s for Windows and Mac systems.", "Madeline (video game series) __knowledge__ The series is an extension of the \"Madeline\" franchise, a series of children's books written by Ludwig Bemelmans, which feature the adventures of a young French heroine named Madeline.", "Madeline (video game series) __knowledge__ The series was produced concurrently with the TV series of the same name and featured characters and voice actors from the show.", "Madeline (video game series) __knowledge__ The setup of each game has Madeline, the main character, guiding the young player through educational minigames.", "Madeline (video game series) __knowledge__ Activities involve various subjects such as: reading comprehension, mathematics, problem-solving, basic French and Spanish vocabulary, and cultural studies.", "Robert Black (serial killer) __knowledge__ Robert Black (21 April 1947 – 12 January 2016) was a Scottish serial killer and paedophile who was convicted of the kidnap, rape, sexual assault and murder of four girls aged between 5 and 11 in a series of killings committed between 1981 and 1986 in the United Kingdom.", "Robert Black (serial killer) __knowledge__ Black was convicted of the kidnapping, rape and murder of three girls on 19 May 1994.", "Robert Black (serial killer) __knowledge__ He was also convicted of the kidnapping of a fourth girl, and had earlier been convicted of the kidnapping and sexual assault of a fifth.", "Robert Black (serial killer) __knowledge__ He was sentenced to life imprisonment, with a recommendation that he serve a minimum of 35 years.", "Robert Black (serial killer) __knowledge__ Black was further convicted of the 1981 sexual assault and murder of nine-year-old Jennifer Cardy in 2011, and at the time of his death was regarded as the prime suspect in the 1978 disappearance and murder of 13-year-old Genette Tate.", "Child marriage __knowledge__ Child marriage is a formal marriage or informal union entered into by an individual before reaching a certain age, specified by some global organizations as high as the age of 18.", "Child marriage __knowledge__ The legally prescribed marriageable age in some jurisdictions is below 18 years, especially in the case of girls; and even when the age is set at 18 years, many jurisdictions permit earlier marriage with parental consent or in special circumstances, such as teenage pregnancy.", "Child marriage __knowledge__ In certain countries, even when the legal marriage age is 18, cultural traditions take priority over legislative law.", "Child marriage __knowledge__ Child marriage violates the rights of children, it affects both boys and girls, though it is more common among girls.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic __knowledge__ My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic is a children's animated fantasy television series created by Lauren Faust for Hasbro.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic __knowledge__ The series is based on Hasbro's My Little Pony line of toys and animated works and is often referred by collectors as the fourth generation (\"G4\") of the franchise.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic __knowledge__ The series premiered on October 10, 2010, on The Hub cable channel.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic __knowledge__ Hasbro selected animator Lauren Faust as the creative director and executive producer for the show.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic __knowledge__ Faust sought to challenge the established nature of the existing My Little Pony line, creating more in-depth characters and adventurous settings; she left the series during season 2, to be replaced by Meghan McCarthy as showrunner.", "SlutWalk __knowledge__ SlutWalk is a transnational movement of protest marches calling for an end to rape culture, including victim blaming and slut shaming of sexual assault victims.", "SlutWalk __knowledge__ Specifically, participants protest against explaining or excusing rape by referring to any aspect of a woman's appearance.", "SlutWalk __knowledge__ The rallies began on April 3, 2011, in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, after a Toronto Police officer suggested that \"women should avoid dressing like sluts\" as a precaution against sexual assault.", "SlutWalk __knowledge__ Subsequent rallies have occurred globally.", "SlutWalk __knowledge__ The protest takes the form of a march, mainly by young women, where some dress as \"sluts\" in revealing, sexy attire such as short skirts, stockings and scanty tops.", "Rotherham child sexual exploitation scandal __knowledge__ The Rotherham child sexual exploitation scandal has been described as the \"biggest child protection scandal in UK history\".", "Rotherham child sexual exploitation scandal __knowledge__ From the late 1980s until the 2010s, organised child sexual abuse continued almost unchallenged by legal authorities in the northern English town of Rotherham, South Yorkshire.", "Rotherham child sexual exploitation scandal __knowledge__ It was first documented in the early 1990s, when care-home managers investigated reports that children in their care were being picked up by taxi drivers.", "Rotherham child sexual exploitation scandal __knowledge__ From at least 2001, multiple reports passed names of alleged perpetrators, several from one family, to the police and Rotherham Council.", "Rotherham child sexual exploitation scandal __knowledge__ The first group conviction took place in 2010, when five British-Pakistani men were convicted of sexual offences against girls aged 12–16, but the ringleaders remained at large." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 8 ]

[ "my daughter loves the animated tv show/movie from Hasbro known as My Little Pony", "yes it was first developed to appeal to the target demo of young girls and theier parents", "yes the humorous and ironic concept of the show has developed a deeper appreciation for the show far beyond its original concept." ]

[ "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom" ]

[ "Armadillo\nHello .... I love animals", "Seen them a few times while in central Texas, aactually scred me when they suddenly ran off.", "Didn't realize that. Closest I've managed to get to one is a couple of yards.", "Just saw an article \"How to get rid of armadillos\", never imagined them being a pest problem." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Armadillo __knowledge__ Armadillos are New World placental mammals in the order Cingulata with a leathery armour shell.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ The Chlamyphoridae and Dasypodidae are the only surviving families in the order, which is part of the superorder Xenarthra, along with the anteaters and sloths.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ The word \"armadillo\" means \"little armoured one\" in Spanish.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ The Aztecs called them \"āyōtōchtli\" , Nahuatl for \"turtle-rabbit\": \"āyōtl\" (turtle) and \"tōchtli\" (rabbit).", "Armadillo __knowledge__ The Portuguese word for \"armadillo\" is \"tatu\" which derives from the Tupi language.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ Similar names are also found in other, especially European, languages.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ About nine extant genera and 21 extant species of armadillo have been described, some of which are distinguished by the number of bands on their armour.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ Their average length is about , including tail.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ The giant armadillo grows up to and weighs up to , while the pink fairy armadillo is a diminutive species, with an overall length of .", "Armadillo __knowledge__ All species are native to the Americas, where they inhabit a variety of different environments.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ Recent genetic research suggests that an extinct group of giant armoured mammals, the glyptodonts, should be included within the lineage of armadillos, having diverged some 35 million years ago, much more recently than previously assumed.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ , formerly simply and colloquially referred to as , is a Japanese female idol group, holding the second highest overall single sales (of a female group) on the Oricon charts as of February 2012, with the Oricon record of most top ten singles with an amount of 50, and they have sold over 21 million copies in Japan alone.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ Morning Musume was formed in 1997 by rock singer-songwriter turned record producer Tsunku, who later composed the vast majority of the group's songs over the decade.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ They are the lead group of Hello!", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ Project that specialises in upbeat, pop-oriented music coupled with dance performance.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ Shortly after her creation in 1974, the Hello Kitty vinyl coin purse was introduced by Sanrio in March 1975.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ The character was then brought to the United States in 1976.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ The character is a staple of the \"kawaii\" segment of Japanese popular culture.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ By 2010, Sanrio had groomed Hello Kitty into a global marketing phenomenon worth $5 billion a year.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ By 2014, when Hello Kitty was 40 years old, she was worth about $7 billion a year, all without advertising except on Sanrio's, related show producers', and ticket sales' webpages and at show venues and nearby locations.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ Originally aimed at preadolescent females, Hello Kitty's market has broadened to include adult consumers, being found on a variety of products ranging from school supplies to fashion accessories.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ \"Hello, Goodbye\" is a song by the English rock band the Beatles, written by Paul McCartney and credited to Lennon–McCartney.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ Backed by John Lennon's \"I Am the Walrus\", it was issued as a non-album single in November 1967, the group's first release since the death of their manager, Brian Epstein.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ The single was commercially successful around the world, topping charts in the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and several other countries.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ McCartney later said that the lyrics take duality as their theme.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ The song originated when, in response to a question from Beatles aide Alistair Taylor about songwriting, McCartney sat down at a harmonium and asked Taylor to say the opposite of whatever he said.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ No Man's Sky is an action-adventure survival video game developed and published by the indie studio Hello Games for PlayStation 4 and Microsoft Windows.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ It was released worldwide in August 2016.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ The game is built around four pillars: exploration, survival, combat, and trading.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ Players are free to perform within the entirety of a procedurally generated deterministic open universe, which includes over 18 quintillion planets.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ Through the game's procedural generation system, planets have their own ecosystems with unique forms of flora and fauna, and various sentient alien species may engage the player in combat or trade within planetary systems.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Sanrio, a Japanese company specialized in creating cute characters.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Beginning in 1963, Sanrio sells and licenses products branded with these characters and has created over 400 characters, with the most successful and best known being Hello Kitty.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ The characters listed here are shown with the year in which they first appeared.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ is the best-known of Sanrio's fictional characters, created in 1974.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Hello Kitty is drawn simply with a trademark red bow.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Registered in 1975, Hello Kitty is now a globally known trademark.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Hello Kitty has been marketed in the United States from the beginning and has held the position of U.S. children's ambassador for UNICEF since 1983.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ \"Hello\" is a song by English singer Adele, released on 23 October 2015 by XL Recordings as the lead single from her third studio album, \"25\" (2015).", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ Adele co-wrote the song with her producer, Greg Kurstin.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ \"Hello\" is a piano ballad with soul influences, and lyrics that discuss themes of nostalgia and regret.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ Upon release, the song was acclaimed by music critics, who compared it favourably to Adele's previous work and praised the song's lyrics and Adele's vocals while many critics and publications ranked it as one of the best songs of the year.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ It was recorded in London.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ \"Hello\" reached number one in almost every country it charted in, including the United Kingdom, where it became her second UK number-one single, following \"Someone like You\", and has the largest opening week sales in three years.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ In 1997, Japanese rock group Sharam Q, fronted by Tsunku, began auditions for a female vocalist.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ These auditions aired via the reality show Asayan, and resulted in Michiyo Heike being crowned winner.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ Tsunku, however, decided to give five of the runners-up, Yuko Nakazawa, Natsumi Abe, Kaori Iida, Asuka Fukuda and Aya Ishiguro, a chance to become a group in their own right.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ The girls were set the task of selling 50,000 copies of their demo single \"Ai no Tane,\" in just five days.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ The girls sold the required number of copies in four days, and subsequently became an official group.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ Morning Musume's debut single, \"Morning Coffee,\" was released on January 28, 1998 on the One Up Music label and charted at #6 on the Oricon weekly chart.", "Hello Sunshine __knowledge__ \"Hello Sunshine\" is a song by the Welsh band Super Furry Animals from their album \"Phantom Power\".", "Hello Sunshine __knowledge__ It was the seventeenth single released by the group and reached number 31 on the UK Singles Chart in October 2003.", "Hello Sunshine __knowledge__ Several versions of the track were released: the single version omits the short sample of the song \"By the Sea\" by Wendy and Bonnie which begins the album version, while two remixes, by Weevil and Freiband, appear on the album \"Phantom Phorce\".", "Hello Sunshine __knowledge__ An animated music video, featuring drawings by regular Super Furries sleeve designer Pete Fowler, was produced to accompany the release of \"Hello Sunshine\" as a single.", "Hello Twelve, Hello Thirteen, Hello Love __knowledge__ Hello Twelve, Hello Thirteen, Hello Love is a song from the musical A Chorus Line.", "Hello Twelve, Hello Thirteen, Hello Love __knowledge__ This song, just like all others in the musical \"A Chorus Line\", was devised from the audio of real life dancers, recounting their experiences.", "Hello Twelve, Hello Thirteen, Hello Love __knowledge__ The Official Website of Marvin Hamlisch explains that in this song, \"The conversation turns to sex, puberty.", "Hello Twelve, Hello Thirteen, Hello Love __knowledge__ All reminisce about their circumstances growing up\".", "Hello Twelve, Hello Thirteen, Hello Love __knowledge__ Talkin' Broadway wrote \"The musical is still innovative in the way it melds song, dance and dialogue into a single piece of art: \"Hello Twelve, Hello Thirteen, Hello Love\" envelops the audience as it incorporates full songs, brief melodies, and single spoken lines with almost constant movement.\"", "Hello Stranger __knowledge__ \"Hello Stranger\" is a 1963 hit single by Barbara Lewis, which spent two weeks at number one on the R&B singles chart in \"Billboard\", crossing over to #3 Pop.", "Hello Stranger __knowledge__ \"Hello Stranger\" was written by Barbara Lewis herself, who was originally inspired to write a song with that title while working gigs in Detroit with her musician father: “I would make the circuit with my dad and people would yell out: ‘Hey stranger, hello stranger, it’s been a long time’\".", "Hello Stranger __knowledge__ The song is notable because its title comprises the first two words of the lyrics but is never at any point repeated throughout the rest of the song.", "Hello Stranger __knowledge__ Lewis recorded \"Hello Stranger\" at Chess Studios in Chicago in January 1963." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Armadillo __knowledge__ Armadillos are New World placental mammals in the order Cingulata with a leathery armour shell.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ The Chlamyphoridae and Dasypodidae are the only surviving families in the order, which is part of the superorder Xenarthra, along with the anteaters and sloths.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ The word \"armadillo\" means \"little armoured one\" in Spanish.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ The Aztecs called them \"āyōtōchtli\" , Nahuatl for \"turtle-rabbit\": \"āyōtl\" (turtle) and \"tōchtli\" (rabbit).", "Armadillo __knowledge__ The Portuguese word for \"armadillo\" is \"tatu\" which derives from the Tupi language.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ Similar names are also found in other, especially European, languages.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ About nine extant genera and 21 extant species of armadillo have been described, some of which are distinguished by the number of bands on their armour.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ Their average length is about , including tail.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ The giant armadillo grows up to and weighs up to , while the pink fairy armadillo is a diminutive species, with an overall length of .", "Armadillo __knowledge__ All species are native to the Americas, where they inhabit a variety of different environments.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ Recent genetic research suggests that an extinct group of giant armoured mammals, the glyptodonts, should be included within the lineage of armadillos, having diverged some 35 million years ago, much more recently than previously assumed.", "The Land of Gorch __knowledge__ The Land of Gorch was a recurring skit that appeared in season one of the American comedy television program \"Saturday Night Live,\" featuring Jim Henson's Muppets.", "The Land of Gorch __knowledge__ Prior to his work for children on \"Sesame Street\", Henson had created puppetry work, including his show \"Sam and Friends\", for adult audiences.", "The Land of Gorch __knowledge__ His characters appeared regularly on the late-night comedy television programs, and \"The Ed Sullivan Show\".", "The Land of Gorch __knowledge__ After \"Sesame Street\", Henson feared he would become typecast into working on children's television series.", "The Land of Gorch __knowledge__ His talent agent Bernie Brillstein, who represented Gilda Radner, Dan Aykroyd, and John Belushi, helped him transition to \"Saturday Night Live\".", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ Austin () is the capital of the U.S. state of Texas and the seat of Travis County, with portions extending into Hays and Williamson counties.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ It is the 11th-most populous city in the United States and the 4th-most populous city in Texas.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ It is the fastest growing large city in the United States, the second most populous state capital after Phoenix, Arizona, and the southern-most state capital in the contiguous 48 states.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ As of the Census Bureau's July 1, 2016 estimate, Austin has a population of 947,890.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ Located in within greater Texas Hill Country, the city is home to numerous lakes, rivers, and waterways including Lady Bird Lake, Barton Springs, McKinney Falls, the Colorado River, Lake Travis, and Lake Walter E. Long.", "List of toll roads in Texas __knowledge__ There are approximately 25 current toll roads in the state of Texas.", "List of toll roads in Texas __knowledge__ Toll roads are more common in Texas than in many other U.S. states, since the relatively low revenues from the state's gasoline tax limits highway planners' means to fund the construction and operation of highways.", "List of toll roads in Texas __knowledge__ Toll roads, sometimes are seen as a recent addition to travel options for commuters.", "List of toll roads in Texas __knowledge__ However, this is not the case.", "List of toll roads in Texas __knowledge__ In fact the need for, use of, and discussion of toll roads can be traced back to 1939.", "List of toll roads in Texas __knowledge__ According to Richard Weingroff at the Federal Highway Administration: In the 1939 report to Congress, Toll Roads and Free Roads, the U.S. Bureau of Public Roads (BPR) rejected the toll option for financing Interstate construction because most Interstate corridors would not generate enough toll revenue to retire the bonds that would be issued to finance them.", "Greater Austin __knowledge__ Austin–Round Rock is a five-county metropolitan area in the U.S. state of Texas, as defined by the Office of Management and Budget.", "Greater Austin __knowledge__ Commonly referred to as Greater Austin, the metropolitan area is situated in Central Texas on the eastern edge of the , and borders San Antonio–New Braunfels to the south.", "Greater Austin __knowledge__ Austin–Round Rock is the 35th largest metropolitan area in the United States, with a population over 2 million people and 16th largest GDP per Capita as of the 2014 U.S. census estimate.", "Greater Austin __knowledge__ The metropolitan area is centered on the City of Austin—the fourth-largest city in Texas and the 11th-largest city in the United States with a population of 912,791 people.", "Scred Connexion __knowledge__ Scred Connexion is a French rap collective launched in the 1990s composed by Fabe, Koma, Haroun, Mokless and Morad, with the assistance of Butch.", "Scred Connexion __knowledge__ Fabe decided to quit his rapping career in 2000 and quit the collective after releasing one additional solo album.", "Scred Connexion __knowledge__ \"Scred\" originates from a track by collective member Koma in his first maxi \"Époque de fous\" and is verlan for \"discret\" (meaning discreet).", "Scred Connexion __knowledge__ The collective released six musical projects with each member keeping his independence and solo projects they worked on concurrently.", "Scred Connexion __knowledge__ The collective addressed many issues in French society becoming a militant band for social justice and change distinguishing itself with quality of text and being critical of superficial rappers and favoring more fundamental content, promoting the slogan \"Jamais dans la tendance mais toujours dans la bonne direction\", after a member of the formation, Fabe, launched it in his piece \"Impertinent\".", "Texan English __knowledge__ Texan English is the array of American English spoken in Texas, primarily falling under the regional dialects of Southern and Midland U.S. English.", "Texan English __knowledge__ As one extensive study states, at the most basic level, the typical Texan accent is a \"Southern accent with a twist.\"", "Texan English __knowledge__ The \"twist\" refers to major features of the Lower and Upper South coming into contact with one another, as well as some notable influences derived from an early Spanish-speaking population and German immigrants.", "Texan English __knowledge__ In fact, there is no single accent that covers all of Texas and few dialect features are unique only to Texas.", "Texan English __knowledge__ The most advanced (i.e., newest and most developed) accent features of the regional Southern U.S. dialect are reported in North and West Texas (but not El Paso), associated with the Upper South, while elements of the same regional dialect are present but less consistent in East and South Texas, associated more with the Lower South.", "Texas A&amp;M University–Central Texas __knowledge__ Texas A&M University–Central Texas (TAMU-CT) is a public university in Killeen, Texas.", "Texas A&amp;M University–Central Texas __knowledge__ It is one of the newest members of The Texas A&M University System.", "Texas A&amp;M University–Central Texas __knowledge__ Founded in 1999 as a branch of Tarleton State University, it became an independent member of the Texas A&M University System in September 2009.", "Texas A&amp;M University–Central Texas __knowledge__ TAMUCT is an upper division college, meaning its students must complete their freshman and sophomore-level coursework at a two-year college or other institution of higher education.", "Texas A&amp;M University–Central Texas __knowledge__ TAMU-CT primarily serves non-traditional students: The average age of the student body is 34, 40% of students are affiliated with the US military, and most students attend part-time.", "Texas–Indian wars __knowledge__ The Texas–Indian wars were a series of 19th-century conflicts between settlers in Texas and the Southern Plains Indians.", "Texas–Indian wars __knowledge__ These conflicts began when the first wave of European-American settlers moved into Spanish Texas.", "Texas–Indian wars __knowledge__ They continued through Texas's time as part of Mexico, when more Europeans and Anglo-Americans arrived, to the subsequent declaration of independence by the Republic of Texas.", "Texas–Indian wars __knowledge__ The conflicts did not end until thirty years after Texas joined the United States.", "Texas–Indian wars __knowledge__ Although several Indian tribes occupied territory in the area, the preeminent nation was the Comanche, known as the \"Lords of the Plains.\"", "Barbecue in Texas __knowledge__ Texas Barbecue is a traditional style of preparing meat unique to the cuisine of Texas.", "Barbecue in Texas __knowledge__ It is one of the many different varieties of barbecue found around the world.", "Barbecue in Texas __knowledge__ Texas barbecue traditions can be divided into four general styles: East Texas, Central Texas, South Texas, and West Texas.", "Barbecue in Texas __knowledge__ The Central and East Texas varieties are generally the most well-known.", "Barbecue in Texas __knowledge__ In a 1973 \"Texas Monthly\" article, Author Griffin Smith, Jr., described the dividing line between the two styles as \"a line running from Columbus and Hearne northward between Dallas and Fort Worth\".", "Barbecue in Texas __knowledge__ Additionally, in deep South Texas and along the Rio Grande valley, a Mexican style of meat preparation known as \"barbacoa\" can be found.", "History of Texas forests __knowledge__ The forests in the U.S. state of Texas have been an important resource since its earliest days and have played a major role in the state's history.", "History of Texas forests __knowledge__ The vast woodlands of the region, home to many varieties of wildlife when Europeans first arrived, provided economic opportunities for early settlers.", "History of Texas forests __knowledge__ They continue to play an important role economically and environmentally in the state.", "History of Texas forests __knowledge__ The most dense forest lands lie in the eastern part of the state in the Piney Woods region.", "History of Texas forests __knowledge__ In particular the Big Thicket region, just north of Houston and Beaumont, has historically been home to the most dense woodlands.", "Montevideo __knowledge__ Montevideo () is the capital and largest city of Uruguay.", "Montevideo __knowledge__ According to the 2011 census, the city proper has a population of 1,319,108 (about one-third of the country's total population) in an area of .", "Montevideo __knowledge__ The southernmost capital city in the Americas, Montevideo is situated in the southern coast of the country, on the northeastern bank of the Río de la Plata.", "Montevideo __knowledge__ The city was established in 1724 by a Spanish soldier, Bruno Mauricio de Zabala, as a strategic move amidst the Spanish-Portuguese dispute over the platine region.", "Montevideo __knowledge__ It was also under brief British rule in 1807.", "Montevideo __knowledge__ Montevideo hosted all the matches during the first FIFA World Cup.", "Dasypus __knowledge__ Dasypus is the only extant genus in the family Dasypodidae.", "Dasypus __knowledge__ Its species are known as long-nosed or naked-tailed armadillos.", "Dasypus __knowledge__ They are largely found in South, Central, and North America.", "Dasypus __knowledge__ \"Dasypus\" are solitary mammals that are primarily nocturnal to avoid temperature extremes and predation.", "Dasypus __knowledge__ They exist in numerous habitats ranging from brush to grassland areas and are mainly insectivorous.", "Dasypus __knowledge__ The most common and widespread of the \"Dasypus\" species is the nine-banded armadillo (\"Dasypus novemcintus\"), which is commonly used in the study of leprosy due to its unique ability to contract the disease.", "Dasypus __knowledge__ \"Dasypus\" are primitive mammals known for their hard armor like shell, called a carapace.", "Colin Gibson (musician) __knowledge__ Colin Gibson (born 21 September 1949, Newcastle upon Tyne, Northumberland) is an English bass player and composer.", "Colin Gibson (musician) __knowledge__ Gibson and guitarist John Turnbull were childhood friends and played together in a band called The Primitive Sect, with Bob Sergeant on organ.", "Colin Gibson (musician) __knowledge__ In summer 1966, Gibson and Turnbull joined unsigned Newcastle band The Chosen Few, who had released two singles the previous year written by their then vocalist and guitarist Alan Hull, later of Lindisfarne.", "Colin Gibson (musician) __knowledge__ With Graham Bell joining on vocals, the band changed its name to Skip Bifferty and secured gigs in London.", "Colin Gibson (musician) __knowledge__ The band then secured a deal with RCA Records in summer 1967 under manager Don Arden and went on to release three singles: \"On Love\" which made a minor chart appearance, \"Happy Land\" and \"Man in Black\" produced by Steve Marriott and Ronnie Lane.", "Nine-banded armadillo __knowledge__ The nine-banded armadillo (\"Dasypus novemcinctus\"), or the nine-banded, long-nosed armadillo, is a medium-sized mammal found in North, Central, and South America, making it the most widespread of the armadillos.", "Nine-banded armadillo __knowledge__ Its ancestors originated in South America, and remained there until the formation of the Isthmus of Panama allowed them to enter North America as part of the Great American Interchange.", "Nine-banded armadillo __knowledge__ The nine-banded armadillo is a solitary, mainly nocturnal animal, found in many kinds of habitats, from mature and secondary rainforests to grassland and dry scrub.", "Nine-banded armadillo __knowledge__ It is an insectivore, feeding chiefly on ants, termites, and other small invertebrates.", "Little Armadillos __knowledge__ Little Armadillos is an alternative comedy sketch show in sitcom format that aired on Channel 4 in the United Kingdom in 1984.", "Little Armadillos __knowledge__ Set in a nightclub (The Seal Club) run by the psychotic brothers Wayne and Donny Armadillo, the show ran for seven 30-minute episodes from 13 September to 25 October 1984 and has never been repeated or released on video or DVD.", "Little Armadillos __knowledge__ Written by Pete Richens and Colin Gibson, it starred Steve Steen and Jim Sweeney as Wayne and Donny respectively, and co-starred Daniel Peacock, Helen Lederer, Phil Nice, Steve Frost and Mark Arden, among other members of the alternative comedy scene of the early Eighties.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "Six-banded armadillo __knowledge__ The six-banded armadillo (\"Euphractus sexcinctus\"), also known as the yellow armadillo, is an armadillo found in South America.", "Six-banded armadillo __knowledge__ The sole extant member of its genus, it was first described by Swedish zoologist Carl Linnaeus in 1758.", "Six-banded armadillo __knowledge__ The six-banded armadillo is typically between in head-and-body length, and weighs .", "Six-banded armadillo __knowledge__ The carapace (hard shell on the back) is pale yellow to reddish brown, marked by scales of equal length, and scantily covered by buff to white bristle-like hairs.", "Six-banded armadillo __knowledge__ The forefeet have five distinct toes, each with moderately developed claws.", "Six-banded armadillo __knowledge__ Six-banded armadillos are efficient diggers and form burrows to live in and search for prey.", "Pink fairy armadillo __knowledge__ The pink fairy armadillo (\"Chlamyphorus truncatus\") or pichiciego is the smallest species of armadillo (mammals of the families Chlamyphoridae and Dasypodidae, recognized by a bony armor shell), first described by R. Harlan in 1825.", "Pink fairy armadillo __knowledge__ This desert-adapted animal is endemic to central Argentina and can be found inhabiting sandy plains, dunes, and scrubby grasslands.", "Pink fairy armadillo __knowledge__ Pink fairy armadillos have small eyes, silky yellowish white fur, and a flexible dorsal shell that is solely attached to its body by a thin dorsal membrane.", "Pink fairy armadillo __knowledge__ In addition, its spatula-shaped tail protrudes from a vertical plate at the blunt rear of its shell.", "Chavacano __knowledge__ Chavacano or Chabacano refers to a number of Spanish-based creole language varieties spoken in the Philippines.", "Chavacano __knowledge__ At least six different varieties have been identified by linguists: Zamboangueño (Zamboanga City), Cotabateño (Cotabato City), and Davaoeño Zamboangueño / Castellano Abakay (Davao City) from Mindanao; Ternateño (Ternate, Cavite), and Caviteño (Cavite City) from the coastal settlements of Manila Bay; and Ermiteño (Ermita) in Manila.", "Chavacano __knowledge__ The variety spoken in Zamboanga City, located in the southern Philippine island group of Mindanao, has the highest concentration of speakers.", "Chavacano __knowledge__ Chavacano is the only Spanish-based creole in Asia." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Armadillo __knowledge__ Armadillos are New World placental mammals in the order Cingulata with a leathery armour shell.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ The Chlamyphoridae and Dasypodidae are the only surviving families in the order, which is part of the superorder Xenarthra, along with the anteaters and sloths.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ The word \"armadillo\" means \"little armoured one\" in Spanish.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ The Aztecs called them \"āyōtōchtli\" , Nahuatl for \"turtle-rabbit\": \"āyōtl\" (turtle) and \"tōchtli\" (rabbit).", "Armadillo __knowledge__ The Portuguese word for \"armadillo\" is \"tatu\" which derives from the Tupi language.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ Similar names are also found in other, especially European, languages.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ About nine extant genera and 21 extant species of armadillo have been described, some of which are distinguished by the number of bands on their armour.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ Their average length is about , including tail.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ The giant armadillo grows up to and weighs up to , while the pink fairy armadillo is a diminutive species, with an overall length of .", "Armadillo __knowledge__ All species are native to the Americas, where they inhabit a variety of different environments.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ Recent genetic research suggests that an extinct group of giant armoured mammals, the glyptodonts, should be included within the lineage of armadillos, having diverged some 35 million years ago, much more recently than previously assumed.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ The History of Oregon State Beavers football covers more than 120 seasons since the team began play in 1893.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ In 1893, Oregon State College was known as State Agricultural College (SAC).", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ William H. Bloss, son of SAC's school president, was the school's first coach, and the quarterback of the 1893 team.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ Bloss moved to Corvallis, Oregon in June 1892.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ He previously played football in the Midwest, and was considered very knowledgeable of football.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ Bloss scheduled tryouts in the fall of 1893 trying to assemble a football team.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ By mid-October, he had found 17 players that would make up the first football team in Oregon State's history.", "1990–91 NFL playoffs __knowledge__ The National Football League playoffs for the 1990 season began on January 5, 1991.", "1990–91 NFL playoffs __knowledge__ The postseason tournament concluded with the New York Giants defeating the Buffalo Bills in Super Bowl XXV, 20–19, on January 27, at Tampa Stadium in Tampa, Florida.", "1990–91 NFL playoffs __knowledge__ The league expanded its playoff system from a 10-team to a 12-team tournament, which is in use now.", "1990–91 NFL playoffs __knowledge__ With these changes, three wild card teams (those non-division champions with the conference's best won-lost-tied percentages) qualified, up from two the year before.", "1990–91 NFL playoffs __knowledge__ The format consisted of the following: The 3 and 6 seeds played each other in one game and the 4 and 5 in a second game, both making up what was dubbed the \"Wild Card Round\".", "The Britannia's Fist Trilogy __knowledge__ The Britannia's Fist Trilogy is an alternate history series by Peter G. Tsouras about an Anglo-French intervention into the American Civil War in 1863 and the global repercussions of such a conflict.", "The Britannia's Fist Trilogy __knowledge__ The first and second volumes, and , were released relatively close together in 2008 and 2010 respectively.", "The Britannia's Fist Trilogy __knowledge__ The final volume, , was released in 2015 and does not feature the extensive casualty reports seen in the first two novels.", "The Britannia's Fist Trilogy __knowledge__ The United States and the United Kingdom had already been on the verge of conflict in 1862 over the Trent Affair in which Confederate diplomats were seized on a British ship in international waters, but cooler heads had managed to prevail and the diplomats were returned.", "2007 Oklahoma Sooners football team __knowledge__ The 2007 Oklahoma Sooners football team represented the University of Oklahoma in the 2007 NCAA Division I FBS football season, the 113th season of Sooner football.", "2007 Oklahoma Sooners football team __knowledge__ The team was led by two-time Walter Camp Coach of the Year Award winner, Bob Stoops, in his ninth season as head coach.", "2007 Oklahoma Sooners football team __knowledge__ They played their homes games at Gaylord Family Oklahoma Memorial Stadium in Norman, Oklahoma.", "2007 Oklahoma Sooners football team __knowledge__ They were a charter member of the Big 12 Conference.", "2007 Oklahoma Sooners football team __knowledge__ Conference play began with an upset loss to the Colorado Buffaloes in Boulder, Colorado on September 29, and ended with a victory over the Missouri Tigers in the Big 12 Championship Game on December 1.", "2005–06 NCAA football bowl games __knowledge__ The 2005–06 NCAA football bowl games were a series of 28 post-season games (including the Bowl Championship Series) that was played in December 2005 and January 2006 for Division I-A football teams and all-stars from Divisions I-AA, II, and III, as well as from the NAIA.", "2005–06 NCAA football bowl games __knowledge__ The post-season began with the New Orleans Bowl on December 20, 2005, and concluded with the Senior Bowl, played on January 28, 2006.", "2005–06 NCAA football bowl games __knowledge__ For the second consecutive year, the 28 team-competitive bowl games were played by 56 teams with winning records, as no teams with non-winning seasons (6–6, or .500) were invited to participate in bowl games.", "2009 Green Bay Packers season __knowledge__ The 2009 Green Bay Packers season was the 91st season over all and their 89th in the National Football League.", "2009 Green Bay Packers season __knowledge__ The Packers finished with an 11–5 record but lost in the wild card round of the playoffs to the Arizona Cardinals.", "2009 Green Bay Packers season __knowledge__ They scored a franchise record 461 points (currently the third best behind the 2011 and 2014 teams) besting the 1996 Super Bowl team's 456.", "2009 Green Bay Packers season __knowledge__ Charles Woodson was named Defensive Player of the Year for the season, leading the league with 9 interceptions.", "2009 Green Bay Packers season __knowledge__ The defense ranked 2nd overall in the league (1st against the run; 2nd against the pass).", "2009 Green Bay Packers season __knowledge__ After finishing the 2008 season with a 6–10 record, the Packers held the 9th selection in the 2009 NFL Draft.", "2013–14 NFL playoffs __knowledge__ The National Football League playoffs for the 2013 season began on January 4, 2014.", "2013–14 NFL playoffs __knowledge__ The postseason tournament concluded with the Seattle Seahawks defeating the Denver Broncos in Super Bowl XLVIII, 43–8, on February 2, at MetLife Stadium in East Rutherford, New Jersey.", "2013–14 NFL playoffs __knowledge__ In a change from previous seasons, CBS was given both late games during the Divisional Playoffs (as opposed to CBS and Fox each having both an early game on one day and a late game on the other day).", "2013–14 NFL playoffs __knowledge__ In the United States, NBC broadcast the first two Wild Card playoff games, then CBS broadcast the rest of the AFC playoff games.", "2013–14 NFL playoffs __knowledge__ Fox televised the rest of the NFC games and the Super Bowl.", "2014 New England Patriots season __knowledge__ The New England Patriots season was the franchise's 45th season in the National Football League, the 55th overall and the 15th under head coach Bill Belichick.", "2014 New England Patriots season __knowledge__ The Patriots finished 12–4 for the third straight year, winning their sixth straight AFC East title, as well as the top-overall seed and home field advantage for the AFC playoffs.", "2014 New England Patriots season __knowledge__ With their seeding, New England was awarded a first-round bye in the playoffs for the fifth season in a row, the first such occurrence for any team since the league switched to a 12-team playoff format in 1990 (surpassing the 1992–95 Dallas Cowboys).", "2014 New England Patriots season __knowledge__ They finished fourth in the NFL in scoring (468 points) and eighth in points allowed (313), and first in point differential (with an average margin of victory of 9.7 points).", "2010 Kansas Collegiate Athletic Conference football season __knowledge__ The 2010 Kansas Collegiate Athletic Conference football season is made up of 10 college athletic programs that compete in the Kansas Collegiate Athletic Conference (KCAC) under the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA) for the 2010 college football season.", "2010 Kansas Collegiate Athletic Conference football season __knowledge__ The season began on August 28, 2010, at 7:00 pm when the Ottawa University Braves challenged state-rival Baker University in the College Fanz First Down Classic game.", "2010 Kansas Collegiate Athletic Conference football season __knowledge__ After conclusion of a successful 10-game season on November 13, conference champions McPherson and runner-up Ottawa were seeded to compete in the 2010 NAIA Football National Championship.", "2011 Kansas Collegiate Athletic Conference football season __knowledge__ The 2011 Kansas Collegiate Athletic Conference football season is made up of 10 college athletic programs that compete in the Kansas Collegiate Athletic Conference (KCAC) under the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA) for the 2011 college football season.", "2011 Kansas Collegiate Athletic Conference football season __knowledge__ The season began play on August 27 when the Sterling Warriors played William Jewell, followed by the Victory Sports Network College Fanz First Down Classic.", "2011 Kansas Collegiate Athletic Conference football season __knowledge__ The regular season ended play on November 12, 2011 with every team in the conference playing a game against another conference team.", "2011 Kansas Collegiate Athletic Conference football season __knowledge__ The final game of any team in the conference was November 19, 2011 when Ottawa lost in the first round of postseason play.", "Dasypus __knowledge__ Dasypus is the only extant genus in the family Dasypodidae.", "Dasypus __knowledge__ Its species are known as long-nosed or naked-tailed armadillos.", "Dasypus __knowledge__ They are largely found in South, Central, and North America.", "Dasypus __knowledge__ \"Dasypus\" are solitary mammals that are primarily nocturnal to avoid temperature extremes and predation.", "Dasypus __knowledge__ They exist in numerous habitats ranging from brush to grassland areas and are mainly insectivorous.", "Dasypus __knowledge__ The most common and widespread of the \"Dasypus\" species is the nine-banded armadillo (\"Dasypus novemcintus\"), which is commonly used in the study of leprosy due to its unique ability to contract the disease.", "Dasypus __knowledge__ \"Dasypus\" are primitive mammals known for their hard armor like shell, called a carapace.", "Nine-banded armadillo __knowledge__ The nine-banded armadillo (\"Dasypus novemcinctus\"), or the nine-banded, long-nosed armadillo, is a medium-sized mammal found in North, Central, and South America, making it the most widespread of the armadillos.", "Nine-banded armadillo __knowledge__ Its ancestors originated in South America, and remained there until the formation of the Isthmus of Panama allowed them to enter North America as part of the Great American Interchange.", "Nine-banded armadillo __knowledge__ The nine-banded armadillo is a solitary, mainly nocturnal animal, found in many kinds of habitats, from mature and secondary rainforests to grassland and dry scrub.", "Nine-banded armadillo __knowledge__ It is an insectivore, feeding chiefly on ants, termites, and other small invertebrates.", "Pink fairy armadillo __knowledge__ The pink fairy armadillo (\"Chlamyphorus truncatus\") or pichiciego is the smallest species of armadillo (mammals of the families Chlamyphoridae and Dasypodidae, recognized by a bony armor shell), first described by R. Harlan in 1825.", "Pink fairy armadillo __knowledge__ This desert-adapted animal is endemic to central Argentina and can be found inhabiting sandy plains, dunes, and scrubby grasslands.", "Pink fairy armadillo __knowledge__ Pink fairy armadillos have small eyes, silky yellowish white fur, and a flexible dorsal shell that is solely attached to its body by a thin dorsal membrane.", "Pink fairy armadillo __knowledge__ In addition, its spatula-shaped tail protrudes from a vertical plate at the blunt rear of its shell.", "Six-banded armadillo __knowledge__ The six-banded armadillo (\"Euphractus sexcinctus\"), also known as the yellow armadillo, is an armadillo found in South America.", "Six-banded armadillo __knowledge__ The sole extant member of its genus, it was first described by Swedish zoologist Carl Linnaeus in 1758.", "Six-banded armadillo __knowledge__ The six-banded armadillo is typically between in head-and-body length, and weighs .", "Six-banded armadillo __knowledge__ The carapace (hard shell on the back) is pale yellow to reddish brown, marked by scales of equal length, and scantily covered by buff to white bristle-like hairs.", "Six-banded armadillo __knowledge__ The forefeet have five distinct toes, each with moderately developed claws.", "Six-banded armadillo __knowledge__ Six-banded armadillos are efficient diggers and form burrows to live in and search for prey.", "Giant armadillo __knowledge__ The giant armadillo (\"Priodontes maximus\"), colloquially tatou, ocarro, tatu-canastra or tatú carreta, is the largest living species of armadillo (although their extinct relatives, the glyptodonts, were much larger).", "Giant armadillo __knowledge__ It lives in South America, ranging throughout as far south as northern Argentina.", "Giant armadillo __knowledge__ This species is considered vulnerable to extinction.", "Giant armadillo __knowledge__ The giant armadillo prefers termites and some ants as prey, and often consumes the entire population of a termite mound.", "Giant armadillo __knowledge__ It also has been known to prey upon worms, larvae and larger creatures, such as spiders and snakes, and plants.", "Giant armadillo __knowledge__ At least one zoo park, in Villavicencio, Colombia – \"Los Ocarros\" – is dedicated to this animal.", "Armour (anatomy) __knowledge__ Armour or armor in animals is external or superficial protection against attack by predators, formed as part of the body (rather than the behavioural use of protective external objects), usually through the hardening of body tissues, outgrowths or secretions.", "Armour (anatomy) __knowledge__ It has therefore mostly developed in 'prey' species.", "Armour (anatomy) __knowledge__ Armoured structures are usually composed of hardened mineral deposits, chitin, bone or keratin.", "Armour (anatomy) __knowledge__ Armour is evident on numerous animal species from both current and prehistoric times.", "Armour (anatomy) __knowledge__ Dinosaurs such as \"Ankylosaurus\", as well as other Thyreophora (armoured dinosaurs such as Ankylosauria and Stegosauria), grew thick plate-like armour on their bodies as well as offensive armour appendages such as the thagomizer or a club.", "Plesiorycteropus __knowledge__ Plesiorycteropus, also known as the bibymalagasy or Malagasy aardvark, is a recently extinct eutherian mammalian genus from Madagascar.", "Plesiorycteropus __knowledge__ Upon its description in 1895, it was classified with the aardvark, but more recent studies have found little evidence to link it to aardvarks or any other order of mammals.", "Plesiorycteropus __knowledge__ Molecular evidence instead suggests that it is related to the tenrecs.", "Plesiorycteropus __knowledge__ Two species are currently recognized, the larger \"P. madagascariensis\" and the smaller \"P. germainepetterae\".", "Plesiorycteropus __knowledge__ They probably overlapped in distribution, as subfossil remains of both species have been found in the same site.", "Big hairy armadillo __knowledge__ The big hairy armadillo or large hairy armadillo (\"Chaetophractus villosus\") is one of the largest and most numerous armadillos in South America.", "Big hairy armadillo __knowledge__ It lives from sea level to altitudes of up to 1,300 meters across the southern portion of South America, and can be found in grasslands, forests, and savannahs, and has even started claiming agricultural areas as its home.", "Big hairy armadillo __knowledge__ It is an accomplished digger and spends most of its time below ground.", "Big hairy armadillo __knowledge__ It makes both temporary and long-term burrows, depending on its food source.", "Big hairy armadillo __knowledge__ The armadillo can use specially evolved membranes in its nose to obtain oxygen from the surrounding soil particles without inhaling any of the soil itself.", "Leprosy __knowledge__ Leprosy, also known as Hansen's disease (HD), is a long-term infection by the bacterium \"Mycobacterium leprae\" or \"Mycobacterium lepromatosis\".", "Leprosy __knowledge__ Initially, infections are without symptoms and typically remain this way for 5 to 20 years.", "Leprosy __knowledge__ Symptoms that develop include granulomas of the nerves, respiratory tract, skin, and eyes.", "Leprosy __knowledge__ This may result in a lack of ability to feel pain, thus loss of parts of extremities due to repeated injuries or infection due to unnoticed wounds.", "Leprosy __knowledge__ Weakness and poor eyesight may also be present.", "Leprosy __knowledge__ Leprosy is spread between people.", "Leprosy __knowledge__ This is thought to occur through a cough or contact with fluid from the nose of an infected person." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Armadillo __knowledge__ Armadillos are New World placental mammals in the order Cingulata with a leathery armour shell.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ The Chlamyphoridae and Dasypodidae are the only surviving families in the order, which is part of the superorder Xenarthra, along with the anteaters and sloths.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ The word \"armadillo\" means \"little armoured one\" in Spanish.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ The Aztecs called them \"āyōtōchtli\" , Nahuatl for \"turtle-rabbit\": \"āyōtl\" (turtle) and \"tōchtli\" (rabbit).", "Armadillo __knowledge__ The Portuguese word for \"armadillo\" is \"tatu\" which derives from the Tupi language.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ Similar names are also found in other, especially European, languages.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ About nine extant genera and 21 extant species of armadillo have been described, some of which are distinguished by the number of bands on their armour.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ Their average length is about , including tail.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ The giant armadillo grows up to and weighs up to , while the pink fairy armadillo is a diminutive species, with an overall length of .", "Armadillo __knowledge__ All species are native to the Americas, where they inhabit a variety of different environments.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ Recent genetic research suggests that an extinct group of giant armoured mammals, the glyptodonts, should be included within the lineage of armadillos, having diverged some 35 million years ago, much more recently than previously assumed.", "Pest risk analysis __knowledge__ Pest risk analysis (PRA) is a form of risk analysis conducted by regulatory plant health authorities to identify the appropriate phytosanitary measures required to protect plant resources against new or emerging pests and regulated pests of plants or plant products.", "Pest risk analysis __knowledge__ Specifically pest risk analysis is a term used within the International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC) (Article 2.1) and is defined within the glossary of phytosanitary terms.", "Pest risk analysis __knowledge__ as \"the process of evaluating biological or other scientific and economic evidence to determine whether an organism is a pest, whether it should be regulated, and the strength of any phytosanitary measures to be taken against it\".", "Dasypus __knowledge__ Dasypus is the only extant genus in the family Dasypodidae.", "Dasypus __knowledge__ Its species are known as long-nosed or naked-tailed armadillos.", "Dasypus __knowledge__ They are largely found in South, Central, and North America.", "Dasypus __knowledge__ \"Dasypus\" are solitary mammals that are primarily nocturnal to avoid temperature extremes and predation.", "Dasypus __knowledge__ They exist in numerous habitats ranging from brush to grassland areas and are mainly insectivorous.", "Dasypus __knowledge__ The most common and widespread of the \"Dasypus\" species is the nine-banded armadillo (\"Dasypus novemcintus\"), which is commonly used in the study of leprosy due to its unique ability to contract the disease.", "Dasypus __knowledge__ \"Dasypus\" are primitive mammals known for their hard armor like shell, called a carapace.", "Necessary Roughness (film) __knowledge__ Necessary Roughness is a 1991 American sport comedy film directed by Stan Dragoti, his final film.", "Necessary Roughness (film) __knowledge__ The film stars Scott Bakula, Héctor Elizondo, Robert Loggia, and Harley Jane Kozak.", "Necessary Roughness (film) __knowledge__ Co-stars include Larry Miller, Sinbad, Jason Bateman, Kathy Ireland, Rob Schneider, and Fred Thompson.", "Necessary Roughness (film) __knowledge__ The film touches on an up-and-coming season at the fictional higher learning institution of Texas State University and its football team nicknamed the Fightin' Armadillos.", "Necessary Roughness (film) __knowledge__ (At the time the film was made, there was no Texas State University, but in 2003, Southwest Texas State University changed its name to Texas State University, nicknamed the Bobcats, which coincidentally was the \"season opener\" opponent of the fictional Texas State Armadillos.)", "Chilo partellus __knowledge__ Chilo partellus, the spotted stalk borer, is a moth in the family Crambidae.", "Chilo partellus __knowledge__ It was described by Charles Swinhoe in 1885.", "Chilo partellus __knowledge__ It is found in India, Pakistan, Ethiopia, Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda and on Mayotte.", "Chilo partellus __knowledge__ \"C. partellus\" is a pest that was introduced to Africa most likely from India in the early 20th century.", "Chilo partellus __knowledge__ After arriving in Africa, it has spread to nearly all countries in eastern and southern Africa, and it is assumed that it is spreading to western Africa.", "Chilo partellus __knowledge__ \"C. partellus\" is indigenous to Asia and became established in eastern Africa in the early 1930s.", "Big Blue Bug Solutions __knowledge__ Big Blue Bug Solutions is an extermination business located in Providence, Rhode Island that services southeastern New England.", "Big Blue Bug Solutions __knowledge__ The company is best known for its mascot, Nibbles Woodaway (also known as the Big Blue Bug), a giant blue termite that stands atop its office next to I-95 in Providence.", "Big Blue Bug Solutions __knowledge__ The company provides pest control services to both residential and commercial properties, and is known for using ecologically safe, pet-friendly products, and has been recognized for promoting the use of integrated pest management in schools to protect student safety.", "Big Blue Bug Solutions __knowledge__ It is also known for aiding Providence during the city's rat epidemic, and was an early adopter of converting trucks to run on natural gas.", "Nine-banded armadillo __knowledge__ The nine-banded armadillo (\"Dasypus novemcinctus\"), or the nine-banded, long-nosed armadillo, is a medium-sized mammal found in North, Central, and South America, making it the most widespread of the armadillos.", "Nine-banded armadillo __knowledge__ Its ancestors originated in South America, and remained there until the formation of the Isthmus of Panama allowed them to enter North America as part of the Great American Interchange.", "Nine-banded armadillo __knowledge__ The nine-banded armadillo is a solitary, mainly nocturnal animal, found in many kinds of habitats, from mature and secondary rainforests to grassland and dry scrub.", "Nine-banded armadillo __knowledge__ It is an insectivore, feeding chiefly on ants, termites, and other small invertebrates.", "Pink fairy armadillo __knowledge__ The pink fairy armadillo (\"Chlamyphorus truncatus\") or pichiciego is the smallest species of armadillo (mammals of the families Chlamyphoridae and Dasypodidae, recognized by a bony armor shell), first described by R. Harlan in 1825.", "Pink fairy armadillo __knowledge__ This desert-adapted animal is endemic to central Argentina and can be found inhabiting sandy plains, dunes, and scrubby grasslands.", "Pink fairy armadillo __knowledge__ Pink fairy armadillos have small eyes, silky yellowish white fur, and a flexible dorsal shell that is solely attached to its body by a thin dorsal membrane.", "Pink fairy armadillo __knowledge__ In addition, its spatula-shaped tail protrudes from a vertical plate at the blunt rear of its shell.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Six-banded armadillo __knowledge__ The six-banded armadillo (\"Euphractus sexcinctus\"), also known as the yellow armadillo, is an armadillo found in South America.", "Six-banded armadillo __knowledge__ The sole extant member of its genus, it was first described by Swedish zoologist Carl Linnaeus in 1758.", "Six-banded armadillo __knowledge__ The six-banded armadillo is typically between in head-and-body length, and weighs .", "Six-banded armadillo __knowledge__ The carapace (hard shell on the back) is pale yellow to reddish brown, marked by scales of equal length, and scantily covered by buff to white bristle-like hairs.", "Six-banded armadillo __knowledge__ The forefeet have five distinct toes, each with moderately developed claws.", "Six-banded armadillo __knowledge__ Six-banded armadillos are efficient diggers and form burrows to live in and search for prey.", "Environmental impact of pesticides __knowledge__ The impact of pesticides consists of the effects of pesticides on non-target species.", "Environmental impact of pesticides __knowledge__ Pesticides are chemical preparations used to kill fungal or animal pests.", "Environmental impact of pesticides __knowledge__ Over 98% of sprayed insecticides and 95% of herbicides reach a destination other than their target species, because they are sprayed or spread across entire agricultural fields.", "Environmental impact of pesticides __knowledge__ Runoff can carry pesticides into aquatic environments while wind can carry them to other fields, grazing areas, human settlements and undeveloped areas, potentially affecting other species.", "Environmental impact of pesticides __knowledge__ Other problems emerge from poor production, transport and storage practices.", "Bioturbation __knowledge__ Bioturbation has a profound effect on the environment and is defined as the reworking of soils and sediments by animals or plants.", "Bioturbation __knowledge__ Bioturbating activities are thought to be a primary driver of biodiversity.", "Bioturbation __knowledge__ The formal study of bioturbation began in the 1800s by Charles Darwin experimenting in his garden.", "Bioturbation __knowledge__ The disruption of aquatic sediments and terrestrial soils through bioturbating activities provides significant ecosystem services.", "Bioturbation __knowledge__ These include the alteration of nutrients in aquatic sediment and overlying water, shelter to other species in the form of burrows in terrestrial and water ecosystems, and soil production on land.", "San Pedro de Macorís __knowledge__ San Pedro de Macorís is a municipality (\"municipio\") in the Dominican Republic and the capital of the San Pedro de Macorís province in the south-eastern region of the country; it is among the 10 largest cities of the Dominican Republic.", "San Pedro de Macorís __knowledge__ The city has approximately 195,000 inhabitants, when including the metro area.", "San Pedro de Macorís __knowledge__ As a provincial capital, it houses the Universidad Central del Este university.", "San Pedro de Macorís __knowledge__ The name San Pedro came before that of Macorís.", "San Pedro de Macorís __knowledge__ There are three versions regarding the origin of the name: the first attributes it to the fact that there is a San Pedro Beach in the city port; the second sees it as a tribute to General Pedro Santana, who was President at the time; and the third simply said it was in order to distinguish it from San Francisco de Macorís, a city in the north.", "Soil __knowledge__ Soil is a mixture of organic matter, minerals, gases, liquids, and organisms that together support life.", "Soil __knowledge__ The Earth's body of soil is the pedosphere, which has four important functions: it is a medium for plant growth; it is a means of water storage, supply and purification; it is a modifier of Earth's atmosphere; it is a habitat for organisms; all of which, in turn, modify the soil.", "Soil __knowledge__ Soil interfaces with the lithosphere, the hydrosphere, the atmosphere, and the biosphere.", "Soil __knowledge__ The term \"pedolith\", used commonly to refer to the soil, literally translates \"ground stone\".", "Soil __knowledge__ Soil consists of a solid phase of minerals and organic matter (the soil matrix), as well as a porous phase that holds gases (the soil atmosphere) and water (the soil solution).", "Privy digging __knowledge__ Privy digging is the process of locating and investigating the contents of defunct outhouse vaults.", "Privy digging __knowledge__ The purpose of privy digging is the salvage of antique bottles and everyday household artifacts from the past.", "Privy digging __knowledge__ Privy digging is a form of historical digging and is often conducted on private residential properties.", "Privy digging __knowledge__ Construction sites and major developments around older areas of towns and cities are also likely places to look for evidence of privies.", "Privy digging __knowledge__ Historical contractors (privy diggers who enter into contracts enabling them to investigate vaults on commercial or industrial properties) are also engaging in privy digging.", "Diggers __knowledge__ The Diggers were a group of Protestant radicals in England, sometimes seen as forerunners of modern anarchism, and also associated with agrarian socialism and Georgism.", "Diggers __knowledge__ Gerrard Winstanley's followers were known as \"True Levellers\" in 1649 and later became known as \"Diggers,\" because of their attempts to farm on common land.", "Diggers __knowledge__ Their original name came from their belief in economic equality based upon a specific passage in the Book of Acts.", "Diggers __knowledge__ The Diggers tried (by \"leveling\" land) to reform the existing social order with an agrarian lifestyle based on their ideas for the creation of small egalitarian rural communities.", "Australian gold rushes __knowledge__ During the Australian gold rushes, significant numbers of workers (both from other areas within Australia and from overseas) relocated to areas in which gold had been discovered.", "Australian gold rushes __knowledge__ A number of gold finds occurred in Australia prior to 1851, but only the gold found from 1851 onwards created gold rushes.", "Australian gold rushes __knowledge__ This is mainly because, prior to 1851, the colonial government of New South Wales (Victoria did not become a separate colony until 1 July 1851) had suppressed news of gold finds which it believed would reduce the workforce and destabilise the economy.", "Australian gold rushes __knowledge__ After the California gold rush began in 1848, which caused many people to leave Australia for California to look for gold there, the New South Wales government rethought its position, and sought approval from the Colonial Office in England to allow the exploitation of the mineral resources and also offered rewards for the finding of payable gold.", "Libertarian socialism __knowledge__ Libertarian socialism (or socialist libertarianism) is a group of anti-authoritarian political philosophies inside the socialist movement that rejects socialism as centralized state ownership and control of the economy.", "Libertarian socialism __knowledge__ Libertarian socialism also rejects the state itself, is close to and overlaps with left-libertarianism and criticizes wage labour relationships within the workplace, instead emphasizing workers' self-management of the workplace and decentralized structures of political organization.", "Libertarian socialism __knowledge__ It asserts that a society based on freedom and justice can be achieved through abolishing authoritarian institutions that control certain means of production and subordinate the majority to an owning class or political and economic elite.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Alex Burrows __knowledge__ Alexandre \"Alex\" Ménard-Burrows (born April 11, 1981) is a Canadian professional ice hockey left winger for the Ottawa Senators of the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Alex Burrows __knowledge__ He is known for playing in the style of an agitator and for his ascension to the NHL from being an undrafted player in the ECHL.", "Alex Burrows __knowledge__ After a two-year career in the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League (QMJHL), he played in the minor leagues for three seasons.", "Alex Burrows __knowledge__ He was signed by the Vancouver Canucks in 2005 from their American Hockey League (AHL) affiliate, the Manitoba Moose.", "Alex Burrows __knowledge__ Burrows established himself as a checking forward with the Canucks in his first three NHL seasons before emerging as a scorer with four consecutive 25+ goal seasons from 2008–09 to 2011–12." ] ]

[ 3, 7, 78, 0 ]

[ "Hi, I especially love little armadillos which comes from Spanish meaning \"little armoured one", "Same! The species of armadillos are actually distinguished by the number of bands on their armour.", "Yeah, they are efficient diggers and form burrows to live in, although I've only seen them above ground at night.", "Woah. I have never heard of that either." ]

[ "Armadillo", "Armadillo", "Armadillo", "Armadillo" ]

[ "Alcoholism", "Is it still classified that way, or has it changed?", "What do you call people who drink but do it reasonably and safely?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ Alcoholism, also known as alcohol use disorder (AUD), is a broad term for any drinking of alcohol that results in mental or physical health problems.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ The disorder was previously divided into two types: alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ In a medical context, alcoholism is said to exist when two or more of the following conditions is present: a person drinks large amounts over a long time period, has difficulty cutting down, acquiring and drinking alcohol takes up a great deal of time, alcohol is strongly desired, usage results in not fulfilling responsibilities, usage results in social problems, usage results in health problems, usage results in risky situations, withdrawal occurs when stopping, and alcohol tolerance has occurred with use.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ Risky situations include drinking and driving or having unsafe sex, among other things.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ Alcohol use can affect all parts of the body, but it particularly affects the brain, heart, liver, pancreas, and immune system.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ This can result in mental illness, Wernicke–Korsakoff syndrome, an irregular heartbeat, cirrhosis of the liver, and an increase in the risk of cancer, among other diseases.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ Drinking during pregnancy can cause damage to the baby resulting in fetal alcohol spectrum disorders." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ Alcoholism, also known as alcohol use disorder (AUD), is a broad term for any drinking of alcohol that results in mental or physical health problems.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ The disorder was previously divided into two types: alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ In a medical context, alcoholism is said to exist when two or more of the following conditions is present: a person drinks large amounts over a long time period, has difficulty cutting down, acquiring and drinking alcohol takes up a great deal of time, alcohol is strongly desired, usage results in not fulfilling responsibilities, usage results in social problems, usage results in health problems, usage results in risky situations, withdrawal occurs when stopping, and alcohol tolerance has occurred with use.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ Risky situations include drinking and driving or having unsafe sex, among other things.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ Alcohol use can affect all parts of the body, but it particularly affects the brain, heart, liver, pancreas, and immune system.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ This can result in mental illness, Wernicke–Korsakoff syndrome, an irregular heartbeat, cirrhosis of the liver, and an increase in the risk of cancer, among other diseases.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ Drinking during pregnancy can cause damage to the baby resulting in fetal alcohol spectrum disorders.", "2009 Pacific typhoon season __knowledge__ The 2009 Pacific typhoon season was a below average season that spawned only 22 named storms, 13 typhoons, and five super typhoons.", "2009 Pacific typhoon season __knowledge__ It was also recognized as the deadliest season in the Philippines for decades.", "2009 Pacific typhoon season __knowledge__ The first half of the season was very quiet whereas the second half of the season was extremely active.", "2009 Pacific typhoon season __knowledge__ The season's first named storm, Kujira, developed on May 3 while the season's last named storm, Nida, dissipated on December 3.", "2009 Pacific typhoon season __knowledge__ During August, Typhoon Morakot, devastated Taiwan killing nearly 800 people and was known for the deadliest typhoon to impact the country.", "2009 Pacific typhoon season __knowledge__ Typhoons Ketsana and Parma both affected the Philippines bringing extreme flooding which killed more than 600 people with damages over US$300 million from both storms.", "Classified information in the United States __knowledge__ The United States government classification system is established under , the latest in a long series of executive orders on the topic.", "Classified information in the United States __knowledge__ Issued by President Barack Obama in 2009, Executive Order 13526 replaced earlier executive orders on the topic and modified the regulations codified to 32 C.F.R.", "Classified information in the United States __knowledge__ 2001.", "Classified information in the United States __knowledge__ It lays out the system of classification, declassification, and handling of national security information generated by the U.S. government and its employees and contractors, as well as information received from other governments.", "Classified information in the United States __knowledge__ The desired degree of secrecy about such information is known as its sensitivity.", "Swedish nuclear weapons program __knowledge__ After World War II, Sweden considered building nuclear weapons to defend themselves against an offensive assault from the Soviet Union.", "Swedish nuclear weapons program __knowledge__ From 1945 to 1972 the government ran a clandestine nuclear weapons program under the guise of civilian defense research at the Swedish National Defence Research Institute (FOA).", "Swedish nuclear weapons program __knowledge__ By the late 1950s the work had reached the point where underground testing was feasible.", "Swedish nuclear weapons program __knowledge__ However, at this time the Riksdag prohibited research and development of nuclear weapons, pledging that research should be done only for the purpose of defense against nuclear attack.", "Swedish nuclear weapons program __knowledge__ They reserved the right to continue development of offensive weapons in the future.", "Tempest (codename) __knowledge__ TEMPEST is a National Security Agency specification and a NATO certification referring to spying on information systems through leaking emanations, including unintentional radio or electrical signals, sounds, and vibrations.", "Tempest (codename) __knowledge__ TEMPEST covers both methods to spy upon others and how to shield equipment against such spying.", "Tempest (codename) __knowledge__ The protection efforts are also known as emission security (EMSEC), which is a subset of communications security (COMSEC).", "Tempest (codename) __knowledge__ The NSA methods for spying on computer emissions are classified, but some of the protection standards have been released by either the NSA or the Department of Defense.", "Political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union __knowledge__ There was systematic political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union, based on the interpretation of political opposition or dissent as a psychiatric problem.", "Political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union __knowledge__ It was called \"psychopathological mechanisms\" of dissent.", "Political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union __knowledge__ During the leadership of General Secretary Leonid Brezhnev, psychiatry was used to disable and remove from society political opponents (\"dissidents\") who openly expressed beliefs that contradicted the official dogma.", "Political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union __knowledge__ The term \"philosophical intoxication\", for instance, was widely applied to the mental disorders diagnosed when people disagreed with the country's Communist leaders and, by referring to the writings of the Founding Fathers of Marxism–Leninism—Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels, and Vladimir Lenin—made them the target of criticism.", "Waterboarding __knowledge__ Waterboarding is a form of water torture in which water is poured over a cloth covering the face and breathing passages of an immobilized captive, causing the individual to experience the sensation of drowning.", "Waterboarding __knowledge__ Ordinarily, the water is poured intermittently so as to prevent death during torture, however, if the water is poured uninterruptedly it will lead to death by asphyxia with the sensation of drowning, also called dry drowning.", "Waterboarding __knowledge__ Besides death, waterboarding can cause extreme pain, damage to lungs, brain damage from oxygen deprivation, other physical injuries including broken bones due to struggling against restraints, and lasting psychological damage.", "Doctor Who in Australia __knowledge__ \"Doctor Who\" in Australia refers to the history and culture surrounding the British Broadcasting Corporation science fiction programme \"Doctor Who\" since its first broadcast in Australia in January 1965.", "Doctor Who in Australia __knowledge__ From its origins Australians have had many links to \"Doctor Who\": two Australian writers played key roles in the series' gestation - C.E.", "Doctor Who in Australia __knowledge__ \"Bunny\" Webber and Anthony Coburn, Coburn having worked on the pre-production and first story; the iconic Doctor Who theme music was written by Australian musician Ron Grainer; one-time Australian ballet composer Dudley Simpson wrote incidental music for many stories during the 1960s and 1970s; and the actress Janet Fielding played popular companion Tegan in the 1980s.", "Alcohol abuse __knowledge__ Alcohol abuse is a previous psychiatric diagnosis in which there is recurring harmful use of alcohol despite its negative consequences.", "Alcohol abuse __knowledge__ In 2013 it was reclassified as alcohol use disorder (alcoholism) along with alcohol dependence.", "Alcohol abuse __knowledge__ There are two types of alcohol abuse, those who have anti-social and pleasure-seeking tendencies, and those who are anxiety-ridden people who are able to go without drinking for long periods of time but are unable to control themselves once they start.", "Alcohol abuse __knowledge__ Binge drinking is another form of alcohol abuse.", "Alcohol abuse __knowledge__ According to surveys, the heaviest drinkers are the United Kingdom's adolescents.", "Long-term effects of alcohol consumption __knowledge__ The long-term effects of alcohol (also known formally as ethanol) consumption range from cardioprotective health benefits for low to moderate alcohol consumption in industrialized societies with higher rates of cardiovascular disease to severe detrimental effects in cases of chronic alcohol abuse.", "Long-term effects of alcohol consumption __knowledge__ Health effects associated with alcohol intake in large amounts include an increased risk of alcoholism, malnutrition, chronic pancreatitis, alcoholic liver disease and cancer.", "Long-term effects of alcohol consumption __knowledge__ In addition, damage to the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system can occur from chronic alcohol abuse.", "Long-term effects of alcohol consumption __knowledge__ The long-term use of alcohol is capable of damaging nearly every organ and system in the body.", "Alcohol dependence __knowledge__ Alcohol dependence is a previous psychiatric diagnosis in which an individual is physically or psychologically dependent upon alcohol (also known formally as ethanol).", "Alcohol dependence __knowledge__ In 2013 it was reclassified as alcohol use disorder (alcoholism) along with alcohol abuse in DSM-5.", "Alcohol dependence __knowledge__ According to the DSM-IV criteria for alcohol dependence, at least three out of seven of the following criteria must be manifest during a 12-month period: From the ICD-9 database: Because only 3 of the 7 DSM-IV criteria for alcohol dependence are required, not all patients meet the same criteria and therefore not all have the same symptoms and problems related to drinking.", "Disease theory of alcoholism __knowledge__ The modern disease theory of alcoholism states that problem drinking is sometimes caused by a disease of the brain, characterized by altered brain structure and function.", "Disease theory of alcoholism __knowledge__ The American Medical Association (AMA) declared that alcoholism was an illness in 1956.", "Disease theory of alcoholism __knowledge__ In 1991, the AMA further endorsed the dual classification of alcoholism by the International Classification of Diseases under both psychiatric and medical sections.", "Disease theory of alcoholism __knowledge__ Alcoholism is a chronic problem.", "Disease theory of alcoholism __knowledge__ However, if managed properly, damage to the brain can be stopped and to some extent reversed.", "Disease theory of alcoholism __knowledge__ In addition to problem drinking, the disease is characterized by symptoms including an impaired control over alcohol, compulsive thoughts about alcohol, and distorted thinking.", "Binge drinking __knowledge__ Binge drinking, or heavy episodic drinking, is a modern epithet for drinking alcoholic beverages with an intention of becoming intoxicated by heavy consumption of alcohol over a short period of time.", "Binge drinking __knowledge__ Binge drinking is a style of drinking that is popular in several countries worldwide, and overlaps somewhat with social drinking since it is often done in groups.", "Binge drinking __knowledge__ The degree of intoxication, however, varies between and within various cultures that engage in this practice.", "Binge drinking __knowledge__ A binge on alcohol can occur over hours, last up to several days, or in the event of extended abuse, even weeks.", "Binge drinking __knowledge__ Due to the long-term effects of alcohol misuse, binge drinking is considered to be a major public health issue.", "Alcohol and health __knowledge__ Alcohol (also known as ethanol) has a number of effects on health.", "Alcohol and health __knowledge__ Short-term effects of alcohol consumption include intoxication and dehydration.", "Alcohol and health __knowledge__ Long-term effects of alcohol consumption include changes in the metabolism of the liver and brain and alcoholism.", "Alcohol and health __knowledge__ Alcohol intoxication affects the brain, causing slurred speech, clumsiness, and delayed reflexes.", "Alcohol and health __knowledge__ Alcohol stimulates insulin production, which speeds up glucose metabolism and can result in low blood sugar, causing irritability and possibly death for diabetics.", "Alcohol and health __knowledge__ A 2014 World Health Organization report found that harmful alcohol consumption caused about 3.3 million deaths annually worldwide." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ Alcoholism, also known as alcohol use disorder (AUD), is a broad term for any drinking of alcohol that results in mental or physical health problems.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ The disorder was previously divided into two types: alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ In a medical context, alcoholism is said to exist when two or more of the following conditions is present: a person drinks large amounts over a long time period, has difficulty cutting down, acquiring and drinking alcohol takes up a great deal of time, alcohol is strongly desired, usage results in not fulfilling responsibilities, usage results in social problems, usage results in health problems, usage results in risky situations, withdrawal occurs when stopping, and alcohol tolerance has occurred with use.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ Risky situations include drinking and driving or having unsafe sex, among other things.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ Alcohol use can affect all parts of the body, but it particularly affects the brain, heart, liver, pancreas, and immune system.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ This can result in mental illness, Wernicke–Korsakoff syndrome, an irregular heartbeat, cirrhosis of the liver, and an increase in the risk of cancer, among other diseases.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ Drinking during pregnancy can cause damage to the baby resulting in fetal alcohol spectrum disorders.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ South African criminal law is the body of national law relating to crime in South Africa.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ In the definition of Van der Walt \"et al\", a crime is \"conduct which common or statute law prohibits and expressly or impliedly subjects to punishment remissible by the state alone and which the offender cannot avoid by his own act once he has been convicted.\"", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ Crime involves the infliction of harm against society.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ The function or object of criminal law is to provide a social mechanism with which to coerce members of society to abstain from conduct that is harmful to the interests of society.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ In South Africa, as in most adversarial legal systems, the standard of evidence required to validate a criminal conviction is proof beyond a reasonable doubt.", "Diving safety __knowledge__ The safety of underwater diving depends on four factors: the environment, the equipment, behaviour of the individual diver and performance of the dive team.", "Diving safety __knowledge__ The underwater environment can impose severe physical and psychological stress on a diver, and is mostly beyond the diver's control.", "Diving safety __knowledge__ Equipment is used to operate underwater for anything beyond very short periods, and the reliable function of some of the equipment is critical to even short term survival.", "Diving safety __knowledge__ Other equipment allows the diver to operate in relative comfort and efficiency.", "Diving safety __knowledge__ The performance of the individual diver depends on learned skills, many of which are not intuitive, and the performance of the team depends on communication and common goals.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Scuba diving is a form of underwater diving where the diver uses a self-contained underwater breathing apparatus (scuba) which is completely independent of surface supply, to breathe underwater.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Scuba divers carry their own source of breathing gas, usually compressed air, allowing them greater independence and freedom of movement than surface-supplied divers, and longer underwater endurance than breath-hold divers.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Open circuit scuba systems discharge the breathing gas into the environment as it is exhaled, and consist of one or more diving cylinders containing breathing gas at high pressure which is supplied to the diver through a regulator.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Transport Accident Commission __knowledge__ The Transport Accident Commission (TAC) is the statutory insurer of third-party personal liability (CTP insurance in other states) for road accidents in the State of Victoria, Australia.", "Transport Accident Commission __knowledge__ It was established under the Transport Accident Act 1986.", "Transport Accident Commission __knowledge__ Its purpose is to fund treatment and support services for people injured in transport accidents.", "Transport Accident Commission __knowledge__ The TAC's support covers medical and non-medical expenses incurred as a result of an accident, for example income support for people whose injuries prevent them from performing normal job duties, or return to work programs, and equipment or aids, such as wheelchairs or crutches that are recommended by a healthcare professional.", "Telecommunications relay service __knowledge__ A telecommunications relay service, also known as TRS, relay service, or IP-relay, or Web-based relay service, is an operator service that allows people who are deaf, hard of hearing, deafblind, or have a speech disorder to place calls to standard telephone users via a keyboard or assistive device.", "Telecommunications relay service __knowledge__ Originally, relay services were designed to be connected through a TDD, teletypewriter (TTY) or other assistive telephone device.", "Telecommunications relay service __knowledge__ Services gradually have expanded to include almost any real-time text capable technology such as a personal computer, laptop, mobile phone, PDA, and many other devices.", "Telecommunications relay service __knowledge__ The first TTY was invented by deaf scientist Robert Weitbrecht in 1964.", "Official scorer __knowledge__ In the game of baseball, the official scorer is a person appointed by the league to record the events on the field, and to send the official scoring record of the game back to the league offices.", "Official scorer __knowledge__ In addition to recording the events on the field such as the outcome of each plate appearance and the circumstances of any baserunner's advance around the bases, the official scorer is also charged with making judgment calls that do not affect the progress or outcome of the game.", "Official scorer __knowledge__ Judgment calls are primarily made about errors, unearned runs, fielder's choice, the value of hits in certain situations, and wild pitches, all of which are included in the record compiled.", "Beer __knowledge__ Beer is one of the oldest and most widely consumed alcoholic drinks in the world, and the third most popular drink overall after water and tea.", "Beer __knowledge__ Beer is brewed from cereal grains—most commonly from malted barley, though wheat, maize (corn), and rice are also used.", "Beer __knowledge__ During the brewing process, fermentation of the starch sugars in the wort produces ethanol and carbonation in the resulting beer.", "Beer __knowledge__ Most modern beer is brewed with hops, which add bitterness and other flavours and act as a natural preservative and stabilizing agent.", "Beer __knowledge__ Other flavouring agents such as gruit, herbs, or fruits may be included or used instead of hops.", "Distilled beverage __knowledge__ A distilled beverage, spirit, liquor, hard liquor or hard alcohol is an alcoholic beverage produced by distillation of grains, fruit, or vegetables that have already gone through alcoholic fermentation.", "Distilled beverage __knowledge__ The distillation process purifies the liquid and removes diluting components like water, for the purpose of increasing its proportion of alcohol content (commonly expressed as alcohol by volume, ABV).", "Distilled beverage __knowledge__ As distilled beverages contain significantly more alcohol, they are considered \"harder\" – in North America, the term \"hard liquor\" is used to distinguish distilled beverages from undistilled ones.", "Distilled beverage __knowledge__ As examples, this term does not include beverages such as beer, wine, sake, and cider, as they are fermented but not distilled.", "Wine __knowledge__ Wine (from Latin \"vinum\") is an alcoholic beverage made from grapes, generally \"Vitis vinifera\", fermented without the addition of sugars, acids, enzymes, water, or other nutrients.", "Wine __knowledge__ Yeast consumes the sugar in the grapes and converts it to ethanol and carbon dioxide.", "Wine __knowledge__ Different varieties of grapes and strains of yeasts produce different styles of wine.", "Wine __knowledge__ These variations result from the complex interactions between the biochemical development of the grape, the reactions involved in fermentation, the terroir, and the production process.", "Wine __knowledge__ Many countries enact legal appellations intended to define styles and qualities of wine.", "Diarrhea __knowledge__ Diarrhea, also spelled diarrhoea, is the condition of having at least three loose or liquid bowel movements each day.", "Diarrhea __knowledge__ It often lasts for a few days and can result in dehydration due to fluid loss.", "Diarrhea __knowledge__ Signs of dehydration often begin with loss of the normal stretchiness of the skin and irritable behaviour.", "Diarrhea __knowledge__ This can progress to decreased urination, loss of skin color, a fast heart rate, and a decrease in responsiveness as it becomes more severe.", "Diarrhea __knowledge__ Loose but non-watery stools in babies who are exclusively breastfed, however, are normal.", "Diarrhea __knowledge__ The most common cause is an infection of the intestines due to either a virus, bacteria, or parasite - a condition also known as gastroenteritis.", "Soft drink __knowledge__ A soft drink (see terminology for other names) is a drink that typically contains carbonated water (although lemonade, among others, is usually not carbonated), a sweetener, and a natural or artificial flavoring.", "Soft drink __knowledge__ The sweetener may be sugar, high-fructose corn syrup, fruit juice, sugar substitutes (in the case of diet drinks), or some combination of these.", "Soft drink __knowledge__ Soft drinks may also contain caffeine, colorings, preservatives, and other ingredients.", "Soft drink __knowledge__ Soft drinks are called \"soft\" in contrast with \"hard\" alcoholic beverages.", "Soft drink __knowledge__ Small amounts of alcohol may be present in a soft drink, but the alcohol content must be less than 0.5% of the total volume if the drink is to be considered non-alcoholic.", "German Shorthaired Pointer __knowledge__ The German Shorthaired Pointer (GSP) is a medium to large sized breed of dog developed in the 19th century in Germany for hunting.", "German Shorthaired Pointer __knowledge__ A versatile hunting breed, being an all-purpose gun breed of dog suitable for both land and water, it is streamlined yet powerful with strong legs that make it able to move rapidly and turn quickly.", "German Shorthaired Pointer __knowledge__ It has moderately long floppy ears set high on the head.", "German Shorthaired Pointer __knowledge__ Its muzzle is long, broad, and strong, allowing it to retrieve even heavy game.", "German Shorthaired Pointer __knowledge__ The dog's profile should be straight or strongly Roman nosed; any dished appearance to the profile is incorrect.", "German Shorthaired Pointer __knowledge__ The eyes are generally brown, with darker eyes being desirable; yellow or \"bird of prey\" eyes are a fault." ] ]

[ 2, 3, 5 ]

[ "Alcoholism used to be broken into categories - alcohol dependence and alcohol abuse.", "From a medical perspective, it's when a person drinks large amounts and has difficulty cutting down.", "A social drinker, but alcohol use affects all parts of the body." ]

[ "Alcoholism", "Alcoholism", "Alcoholism" ]

[ "Welsh Corgi", "I love dogs. I don't know much about that breed though.", "That's a really cute meaning. What else can you tell me about them?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Welsh Corgi, sometimes known as just a Corgi (, Welsh for \"dwarf dog\"; plural \"corgis\" or occasionally the etymologically consistent \"corgwn\" ()), is a small type of herding dog that originated in Wales.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Two separate breeds are recognized: the Pembroke Welsh Corgi and the Cardigan Welsh Corgi.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Historically, the Pembroke has been attributed to the influx of dogs alongside Flemish weavers from around the 10th century, while the Cardigan is attributed to the dogs brought with Norse settlers, in particular a common ancestor of the Swedish Vallhund.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ A certain degree of interbreeding between the two types has been suggested to explain the similarities between the two.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Pembroke is the more popular breed of dog, with the Cardigan Welsh Corgi appearing on The Kennel Club's list of Vulnerable Native Breeds.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ There are several physical differences between the two types according to the breed standards: the Cardigan is larger overall, both in weight and in height.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Traditionally, the tails were of different shapes, but docking had previously been used.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ With regards to their health, according to a 2004 survey, they both had similar lifespans, although kidney or urethral conditions are more likely in the Pembrokes." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Welsh Corgi, sometimes known as just a Corgi (, Welsh for \"dwarf dog\"; plural \"corgis\" or occasionally the etymologically consistent \"corgwn\" ()), is a small type of herding dog that originated in Wales.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Two separate breeds are recognized: the Pembroke Welsh Corgi and the Cardigan Welsh Corgi.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Historically, the Pembroke has been attributed to the influx of dogs alongside Flemish weavers from around the 10th century, while the Cardigan is attributed to the dogs brought with Norse settlers, in particular a common ancestor of the Swedish Vallhund.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ A certain degree of interbreeding between the two types has been suggested to explain the similarities between the two.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Pembroke is the more popular breed of dog, with the Cardigan Welsh Corgi appearing on The Kennel Club's list of Vulnerable Native Breeds.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ There are several physical differences between the two types according to the breed standards: the Cardigan is larger overall, both in weight and in height.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Traditionally, the tails were of different shapes, but docking had previously been used.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ With regards to their health, according to a 2004 survey, they both had similar lifespans, although kidney or urethral conditions are more likely in the Pembrokes.", "Must Love Dogs __knowledge__ Must Love Dogs is a 2005 American romantic comedy film based on Claire Cook's 2002 novel of the same name.", "Must Love Dogs __knowledge__ Starring Diane Lane and John Cusack, it is the second and final film directed and written by Gary David Goldberg and was produced on a budget of $30 million.", "Must Love Dogs __knowledge__ The film focuses on a woman's struggle with divorce and meeting new people afterward.", "Must Love Dogs __knowledge__ Production started on October 12, 2004 with a final release date of July 29, 2005.", "Must Love Dogs __knowledge__ Critics opinions were mostly negative but indicated that the actors were not to blame.", "Must Love Dogs __knowledge__ \"Must Love Dogs\" took the fifth spot on its opening weekend and has grossed more than $58 million worldwide.", "Russian Spaniel __knowledge__ The Russian Spaniel is a type of spaniel first standardised in 1951 in the Soviet Union after World War II by cross breeding English Cocker Spaniels, English Springer Spaniels and other spaniel breeds.", "Russian Spaniel __knowledge__ Physically it is similar to a Cocker Spaniel, but has a shorter, tighter coat and a longer body.", "Russian Spaniel __knowledge__ Developed and used as hunting dogs, this breed does not suffer from any major health complaints other than those normally associated with spaniels.", "Russian Spaniel __knowledge__ Popular in its native Russia, the breed was only introduced overseas in the 1990s, and is not yet recognised by any major kennel clubs.", "Russian Spaniel __knowledge__ The Russian Spaniel is a small, sturdy dog with a short, tight, silky coat with feathering on the ears and legs.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ The Australian Cattle Dog (ACD), or simply Cattle Dog, is a breed of herding dog originally developed in Australia for droving cattle over long distances across rough terrain.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ This breed is a medium-sized, short-coated dog that occurs in two main colour forms.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ It has either brown or black hair distributed fairly evenly through a white coat, which gives the appearance of a \"red\" or \"blue\" dog.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ As with dogs from other working breeds, the Australian Cattle Dog is energetic and intelligent with an independent streak.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ It responds well to structured training, particularly if it is interesting and challenging.", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ The Labrador Retriever, or just Labrador, is a type of retriever-gun dog.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ The Labrador is one of the most popular breeds of dog in Canada, the United Kingdom and the United States.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ A favourite disability assistance breed in many countries, Labradors are frequently trained to aid the blind, those who have autism, to act as a therapy dog, or to perform screening and detection work for law enforcement and other official agencies.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ Additionally, they are prized as sporting and hunting dogs.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ A few kennels breeding their ancestors, the St. John's water dog, were in England.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ At the same time, a combination of the sheep protection policy in Newfoundland and rabies quarantine in the United Kingdom, led to the gradual demise of the St. John's water dog in Canada.", "Conformation show __knowledge__ A conformation show, also referred to as a \"breed show\", is a kind of dog show in which a judge familiar with a specific dog breed evaluates individual purebred dogs for how well the dogs \"conform\" to the established breed type for their breed, as described in a breed's individual breed standard.", "Conformation show __knowledge__ Such shows are useful to breeders as a means of evaluating dogs for breeding purposes.", "Conformation show __knowledge__ A conformation championship from a recognized national kennel club is generally considered a reasonably objective indication of merit, as it indicates that the dog has been found to be a superior example of its breed by some number of different judges on some number of separate occasions.", "Pedigree Dogs Exposed __knowledge__ Pedigree Dogs Exposed is a BBC One investigative documentary, produced by Jemima Harrison, which looks into health and welfare issues facing pedigree dogs in the United Kingdom.", "Pedigree Dogs Exposed __knowledge__ It was originally broadcast on 19 August 2008.", "Pedigree Dogs Exposed __knowledge__ The Kennel Club (KC), the governing body of pedigree dogs in the UK which runs the prestigious dog breed show Crufts, was criticised for allowing breed standards, judging standards and breeding practices to compromise the health of .", "Pedigree Dogs Exposed __knowledge__ The programme generated much criticism of the Kennel Club.", "Pedigree Dogs Exposed __knowledge__ It also caused various sponsors and trade exhibitors to withdraw their participation from Crufts and other Kennel Club events.", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Pembroke Welsh Corgi (; Welsh for \"dwarf dog\") is a cattle herding dog breed which originated in Pembrokeshire, Wales.", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ It is one of two breeds known as a Welsh Corgi.", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The other is the Cardigan Welsh Corgi, and both descend from the line that is the northern spitz-type dog (examples include that of the Siberian Husky).", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Another theory is that Pembrokes are descended from the Swedish Vallhunds, which were crossed with the local Welsh herding dogs.", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Pembroke Welsh Corgi is the younger of the two Corgi breeds and is a separate and distinct breed from the Cardigan.", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The corgi is one of the smallest dogs in the Herding Group.", "Herding dog __knowledge__ A herding dog, also known as a stock dog or working dog, is a type of pastoral dog that either has been trained in herding or belongs to breeds developed for herding.", "Herding dog __knowledge__ Their ability to be trained to act on the sound of a whistle or word of command is renowned throughout the world.", "Herding dog __knowledge__ Collies are recommended as herding dogs.", "Herding dog __knowledge__ All herding behavior is modified predatory behavior.", "Herding dog __knowledge__ Through selective breeding, humans have been able to minimize the dog's natural inclination to treat cattle and sheep as prey while simultaneously maintaining the dog's hunting skills, thereby creating an effective herding dog.", "Cardigan Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Cardigan Welsh Corgi is one of two separate dog breeds known as Welsh corgis that originated in Wales, predating the other breed, the Pembroke Welsh Corgi.", "Cardigan Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ It is one of the oldest breeds of the British Isles.", "Cardigan Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Cardigan Welsh Corgis are known to be an extremely loyal dog breed.", "Cardigan Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ They are also versatile and can live in a variety of settings.", "Cardigan Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ However, they benefit from regular physical and mental stimulation.", "Cardigan Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Pembrokes and Cardigans first appeared together in dog shows in 1925 when they were shown under the rules of The Kennel Club in Britain.", "Cardigan Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Corgi Club was founded in December, 1925 in Carmarthen in South Wales.", "Herding Group __knowledge__ Herding Group is the name of a breed group of dogs, used by kennel clubs to classify a defined collection of dog breeds.", "Herding Group __knowledge__ It does not refer to one particular type of dog.", "Herding Group __knowledge__ How the \"Herding Group\" is defined varies among kennel clubs, and different kennel clubs may not include the same breeds in their \"Herding Group\".", "Herding Group __knowledge__ Some kennel clubs do not use the term \"Herding Group\".", "Herding Group __knowledge__ The international kennel club association, the Fédération Cynologique Internationale, does not have a \"Herding Group\", and includes most pastoral dogs in Group 1 \"Sheepdogs and Cattle Dogs (except Swiss Cattle Dogs)\" and Group 2 \"Pinscher and Schnauzer - Molossoid Breeds - Swiss Mountain and Cattle Dogs\".", "Border Collie __knowledge__ The Border Collie is a working and herding dog breed developed in the Anglo-Scottish border region for herding livestock, especially sheep.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ It was specifically bred for intelligence and obedience.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ Considered highly intelligent, extremely energetic, acrobatic and athletic, they frequently compete with great success in sheepdog trials and dog sports.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ They are often cited as the most intelligent of all domestic dogs.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ Border Collies continue to be employed in their traditional work of herding livestock throughout the world.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ In general, Border Collies are medium-sized dogs with a moderate amount of coat, which is most often thick and sheds often." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Welsh Corgi, sometimes known as just a Corgi (, Welsh for \"dwarf dog\"; plural \"corgis\" or occasionally the etymologically consistent \"corgwn\" ()), is a small type of herding dog that originated in Wales.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Two separate breeds are recognized: the Pembroke Welsh Corgi and the Cardigan Welsh Corgi.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Historically, the Pembroke has been attributed to the influx of dogs alongside Flemish weavers from around the 10th century, while the Cardigan is attributed to the dogs brought with Norse settlers, in particular a common ancestor of the Swedish Vallhund.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ A certain degree of interbreeding between the two types has been suggested to explain the similarities between the two.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Pembroke is the more popular breed of dog, with the Cardigan Welsh Corgi appearing on The Kennel Club's list of Vulnerable Native Breeds.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ There are several physical differences between the two types according to the breed standards: the Cardigan is larger overall, both in weight and in height.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Traditionally, the tails were of different shapes, but docking had previously been used.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ With regards to their health, according to a 2004 survey, they both had similar lifespans, although kidney or urethral conditions are more likely in the Pembrokes.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Paris Hilton __knowledge__ Paris Whitney Hilton (born February 17, 1981) is an American businesswoman, socialite, television and media personality, model, actress, singer, and DJ.", "Paris Hilton __knowledge__ She is the great-granddaughter of Conrad Hilton, the founder of Hilton Hotels.", "Paris Hilton __knowledge__ Born in New York City and raised there and in Beverly Hills, California, Hilton began her modeling career as a teenager when she signed with New York-based modeling development agency Trump Model Management.", "Paris Hilton __knowledge__ Her lifestyle and rumored short-lived relationships made her a feature of entertainment news and tabloid magazines, and Hilton was proclaimed \"New York's leading It girl\" in 2001.", "Afia Masood __knowledge__ Afia Masood (also Khan) is a fictional character from the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\", played by Meryl Fernandes.", "Afia Masood __knowledge__ Afia appeared in five episodes between 29 December 2009 and 5 January 2010, and returned on 18 November 2010.", "Afia Masood __knowledge__ This is Fernandes' second role in \"EastEnders\", her first being a schoolgirl in 1993.", "Afia Masood __knowledge__ Due to Fernandes' character initially being a guest, the character was not announced.", "Afia Masood __knowledge__ Afia was introduced as a love interest for Tamwar Masood (Himesh Patel).", "Afia Masood __knowledge__ Her father was later introduced as Yusef Khan (Ace Bhatti) who was the former husband of Tamwar's mother, Zainab (Nina Wadia).", "Afia Masood __knowledge__ Upon hearing Fernandes' return in late 2010, Patel said he was \"glad\" that he is able to explore another side to Tamwar's character.", "Roses Are Red (band) __knowledge__ Roses Are Red (originally called Nobody Cares) was a rock band formed in Rochester, New York.", "Roses Are Red (band) __knowledge__ The band was signed to Trustkill Records.", "Roses Are Red (band) __knowledge__ Roses Are Red formed in the summer of 2002 from members of other bands around the Western New York area.", "Roses Are Red (band) __knowledge__ It originally featured Vincent Minervino on vocals, Brian and Matthew on guitars, Kevin Mahoney on bass, and Michael Lasaponara on drums.", "Roses Are Red (band) __knowledge__ Just 2 months after forming, the band recorded a 4-song demo and toured on weekends throughout the fall and winter of 2002.", "Roses Are Red (band) __knowledge__ Their first full-length album, \"Handshakes and Heartbreaks\", was released in June 2003 and was followed by a tour of the United States in July and August 2003.", "Cute (Japanese idol group) __knowledge__ Cute, stylized as , was a Japanese idol girl group part of Hello!", "Cute (Japanese idol group) __knowledge__ Project collective produced by Tsunku, who also writes almost all the group's songs.", "Cute (Japanese idol group) __knowledge__ Cute consisted of Maimi Yajima, Saki Nakajima, Airi Suzuki, Chisato Okai, and Mai Hagiwara, who were all members of Hello!", "Cute (Japanese idol group) __knowledge__ Project Kids prior to the group's formation.", "Cute (Japanese idol group) __knowledge__ The original member line-up also consisted of fellow Hello!", "Cute (Japanese idol group) __knowledge__ Project Kids members Megumi Murakami and Erika Umeda, as well as Hello!", "Cute (Japanese idol group) __knowledge__ Project trainee Kanna Arihara, prior to their departure.", "Cute (Japanese idol group) __knowledge__ After releasing a string of independent hits, Cute made its major debut in 2007 with \"Sakura Chirari\" and that year won the Japan Record Award for Best New Artist.", "Chi (Chobits) __knowledge__ In two interviews describing the series Chi's creators, Clamp, said it would be much easier if computers could speak to you when they had errors.", "Chi (Chobits) __knowledge__ Chi is voiced by Rie Tanaka in the anime and Georgette Rose in its English counterpart.", "Chi (Chobits) __knowledge__ The manga and anime follow Hideki's find of Chi and their relationship, but differ in the storyline.", "Chi (Chobits) __knowledge__ Chi's critical reception has been mostly positive, with reviewers calling her \"cute\".", "Chi (Chobits) __knowledge__ In addition to Chobits, she is also a crossover character in the series \"\" and is referenced in other works.", "Chi (Chobits) __knowledge__ In an interview when describing Chi's character, Clamp member Satsuki Igarashi stated \"Lately we've been saying that the easiest to understand is Chii from 'Chobits.'", "Kawaii __knowledge__ The cuteness culture, or \"kawaii\" aesthetic, has become a prominent aspect of Japanese popular culture, entertainment, clothing, food, toys, personal appearance and mannerisms.", "Kawaii __knowledge__ The word \"kawaii\" originally derives from the phrase \"kao hayushi\", which literally means \"(one's) face (is) aglow,\" commonly used to refer to flushing or blushing of the face.", "Kawaii __knowledge__ The second morpheme is cognate with \"-bayu\" in \"mabayui\" (眩い, 目映い, or 目映ゆい) \"dazzling, glaring, blinding, too bright; dazzlingly beautiful\" (\"ma-\" is from 目 \"me\" \"eye\") and \"-hayu\" in \"omohayui\" (面映い or 面映ゆい) \"embarrassed/embarrassing, awkward, feeling self-conscious/making one feel self-conscious\" (\"omo-\" is from 面 \"omo\", an archaic word for \"face, looks, features; surface; image, semblance, vestige\").", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Pembroke Welsh Corgi (; Welsh for \"dwarf dog\") is a cattle herding dog breed which originated in Pembrokeshire, Wales.", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ It is one of two breeds known as a Welsh Corgi.", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The other is the Cardigan Welsh Corgi, and both descend from the line that is the northern spitz-type dog (examples include that of the Siberian Husky).", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Another theory is that Pembrokes are descended from the Swedish Vallhunds, which were crossed with the local Welsh herding dogs.", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Pembroke Welsh Corgi is the younger of the two Corgi breeds and is a separate and distinct breed from the Cardigan.", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The corgi is one of the smallest dogs in the Herding Group.", "Corgi Toys __knowledge__ Corgi Toys (trademark) is the name of a range of die-cast toy vehicles produced by Mettoy Playcraft Ltd. in the United Kingdom.", "Corgi Toys __knowledge__ The Mettoy (Metal Toy) company was founded in 1933 by German émigré Philip Ullmann in Northampton, England, where he was later joined by South African-born German Arthur Katz, who had previously worked for Ullmann at his toy company Tipp and Co of Nuremberg.", "Corgi Toys __knowledge__ They decided to market a range of toy vehicles as competition to Meccano's Dinky Toys model vehicles, which had dominated the British market for many years.", "Corgi Toys __knowledge__ Corgi Toys were introduced in the UK in July 1956 and were manufactured in Swansea, Wales, for 27 years before the company went into liquidation.", "Dwarf dog-faced bat __knowledge__ The dwarf dog-faced bat (\"Molossops temminckii\"), is a bat species from South America.", "Dwarf dog-faced bat __knowledge__ It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Peru, Paraguay and Uruguay.", "Dwarf dog-faced bat __knowledge__ They are considered an abundant species, and are listed as a species of \"least concern\" on the IUCN Red List due to its wide distribution, presumed large population, and the unlikelihood of decline.", "Dwarf dog-faced bat __knowledge__ The dwarf dog-faced bat is classified in the order Chiroptera and the family Molossidae with the other free-tailed bats.", "Dwarf dog-faced bat __knowledge__ The genus \"Molossops\" encompasses 4 species of broad-faced bats including \"M.", "Dwarf dog-faced bat __knowledge__ temminckii.\"", "Dwarf dog-faced bat __knowledge__ The species was named for Coenraad Jacob Temminck, a Dutch zoologist.", "Cardigan Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Cardigan Welsh Corgi is one of two separate dog breeds known as Welsh corgis that originated in Wales, predating the other breed, the Pembroke Welsh Corgi.", "Cardigan Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ It is one of the oldest breeds of the British Isles.", "Cardigan Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Cardigan Welsh Corgis are known to be an extremely loyal dog breed.", "Cardigan Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ They are also versatile and can live in a variety of settings.", "Cardigan Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ However, they benefit from regular physical and mental stimulation.", "Cardigan Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Pembrokes and Cardigans first appeared together in dog shows in 1925 when they were shown under the rules of The Kennel Club in Britain.", "Cardigan Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Corgi Club was founded in December, 1925 in Carmarthen in South Wales.", "Husky Toys __knowledge__ Husky was a brand name for a line of small die-cast toy vehicles manufactured by Mettoy Playcraft Ltd. of Swansea, Wales, which also made the larger Corgi Toys.", "Husky Toys __knowledge__ Husky Models was re-branded Corgi Juniors in 1970, and a further range called Corgi Rockets was developed to race on track sets.", "Husky Toys __knowledge__ The Husky line, introduced in 1964, was designed to compete in size with the \"1-75 series\" Matchbox, which were the market leaders in small-scale toy vehicles at the time.", "Husky Toys __knowledge__ Husky cars and trucks were inexpensive and originally sold only at Woolworth's stores at a price which undercut their rival.", "Husky Toys __knowledge__ The Husky line numbered about 75 vehicles at its peak, the same number as Matchbox, although unlike the Lesney product Huskys were sold in blister packs allowing the model to be clearly seen when on display.", "Corgi Classics __knowledge__ Corgi Classics Limited is a famous die-cast model manufacturer which has its origins in the Corgi Toys brand introduced by Mettoy in 1956.", "Corgi Classics __knowledge__ Known for its British and North American vehicle models.", "Corgi Classics __knowledge__ Corgi Toys was launched in 1956 as a new range of die-cast toy model cars by Mettoy Playcraft LTD, the toy car company founded in 1936.", "Corgi Classics __knowledge__ These new toy cars were soon a huge hit because at the time they were the only toy cars on the market that included transparent plastic windows, they soon became known as \"the ones with the windows\".", "Corgi Classics __knowledge__ Although Corgi has had many model car competitors ranging from Dinky Toys to Lledo, its name is well known to this day." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 2 ]

[ "Do you like dogs? I just adopted a Welsh Corgi. They are a small herding dog from Wales. ", "Corgi means \"dwarf dog\" in Welsh. They are pretty short!", "There's two different kinds of Corgis: the Pembroke and the Cardigan. Queen Elizabeth is famous for loving her Corgis. " ]

[ "Welsh Corgi", "Welsh Corgi", "Welsh Corgi" ]

[ "Cat\nI had two cats growing up. They were named Lucy and Ethel. Do you like cats?", "I have no idea what breed my cats were. What kind of cat breeds are there?", "I don't think mine were some fancy breed like that. Tell me more about Siamese cats? I do not know much about them.", "They sound beautiful! Where they originally bred in a certain country? ", "That is neat. Do you have a favorite cat breed? I was thinking about adopting another cat this year and would like to hear about other breeds." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cat __knowledge__ The domestic cat (\"Felis silvestris catus\" or \"Felis catus\") is a small, typically furry, carnivorous mammal.", "Cat __knowledge__ They are often called house cats when kept as indoor pets or simply cats when there is no need to distinguish them from other felids and felines.", "Cat __knowledge__ They are often valued by humans for companionship and for their ability to hunt vermin.", "Cat __knowledge__ There are more than seventy cat breeds recognized by various cat registries.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats are similar in anatomy to the other felids, with a strong flexible body, quick reflexes, sharp retractable claws, and teeth adapted to killing small prey.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cat senses fit a crepuscular and predatory ecological niche.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats can hear sounds too faint or too high in frequency for human ears, such as those made by mice and other small animals.", "Cat __knowledge__ They can see in near darkness.", "Cat __knowledge__ Like most other mammals, cats have poorer color vision and a better sense of smell than humans.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats, despite being solitary hunters, are a social species and cat communication includes the use of a variety of vocalizations (mewing, purring, trilling, hissing, growling, and grunting), as well as cat pheromones and types of cat-specific body language.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats have a high breeding rate.", "Cat __knowledge__ Under controlled breeding, they can be bred and shown as registered pedigree pets, a hobby known as cat fancy.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Ragdoll __knowledge__ The Ragdoll is a cat breed with blue eyes and a distinct colourpoint coat.", "Ragdoll __knowledge__ It is a large and muscular semi-longhair cat with a soft and silky coat.", "Ragdoll __knowledge__ Like all long haired cats, Ragdolls need grooming to ensure their fur does not mat.", "Ragdoll __knowledge__ Developed by American breeder Ann Baker in the 1960s, it is best known for its docile and placid temperament and affectionate nature.", "Ragdoll __knowledge__ The name \"Ragdoll\" is derived from the tendency of individuals from the original breeding stock to go limp and relaxed when picked up.", "Ragdoll __knowledge__ Particularly popular in both the United Kingdom and the breed's native United States, ragdoll cats often are known as \"dog-like cats\" or \"puppy-like cats\" due to behaviors such as their tendency to follow people around, their ease at being physically handled, and their relative lack of aggression toward other pets.", "Kilkenny cat __knowledge__ The term Kilkenny cat refers to anyone who is a tenacious fighter.", "Kilkenny cat __knowledge__ The origin of the term is now lost so there are many stories purporting to give the true meaning.", "Kilkenny cat __knowledge__ To \"fight like a Kilkenny cat\" refers to an old story about two cats who fought to the death and ate each other up such that only their tails were left.", "Kilkenny cat __knowledge__ There is also a limerick (with optional added couplet) about the two cats: The story has many roots.", "Kilkenny cat __knowledge__ The earliest suggested origin is that according to Irish legend, the monster cat Banghaisgidheach made its home in Dunmore Caves in Kilkenny County, about 6 miles north of Kilkenny city.", "Iriomote cat __knowledge__ The Iriomote cat (\"Prionailurus bengalensis iriomotensis\") is a subspecies of the leopard cat that lives exclusively on the Japanese island of Iriomote.", "Iriomote cat __knowledge__ It has been listed as critically endangered on the IUCN Red List since 2008, as the only population comprises fewer than 250 adult individuals and is considered declining.", "Iriomote cat __knowledge__ As of 2007, there were an estimated 100–109 individuals remaining.", "Iriomote cat __knowledge__ In Japanese, it is called .", "Iriomote cat __knowledge__ In local dialects of the Yaeyama language, it is known as , , and .", "Iriomote cat __knowledge__ The fur of the Iriomote cat is mostly dark gray and light brown, with lighter hair on the belly and insides of the limbs.", "The Worst Witch __knowledge__ The Worst Witch is a series of children's books written and illustrated by Jill Murphy.", "The Worst Witch __knowledge__ The series are primarily boarding school and fantasy stories, with seven books already published.", "The Worst Witch __knowledge__ The first one, \"The Worst Witch\", was published in 1974 by Allison & Busby, and the most recent one, \"The Worst Witch and the Wishing Star\", was published in 2013 by Puffin Books, the current publisher of all the series.", "The Worst Witch __knowledge__ The books have become some of the most successful titles on the Young Puffin paperback list and have sold more than 4 million copies.", "The Worst Witch __knowledge__ In 1986, the first book in the series was made into a television film of the same name.", "The Battle Cats __knowledge__ The Battle Cats is a free-to-play strategy tower defense game developed by PONOS for iOS and Android mobile devices which first emerged in Japan under the name Nyanko Daisensou (meaning \"The Great Cat War\").", "The Battle Cats __knowledge__ The Battle Cats premiered on the Japanese iOS App Store in November 2011 under the name of \"Battle Cats\", with Android support following in December of that same year.", "The Battle Cats __knowledge__ It has sustained immense popularity in Japan and Korea over the last several years, with an English version briefly appearing on the English-language iTunes/Google Play stores in 2012.", "The Battle Cats __knowledge__ But it later was deleted in both the US Google Play Stores and App Store." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cat __knowledge__ The domestic cat (\"Felis silvestris catus\" or \"Felis catus\") is a small, typically furry, carnivorous mammal.", "Cat __knowledge__ They are often called house cats when kept as indoor pets or simply cats when there is no need to distinguish them from other felids and felines.", "Cat __knowledge__ They are often valued by humans for companionship and for their ability to hunt vermin.", "Cat __knowledge__ There are more than seventy cat breeds recognized by various cat registries.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats are similar in anatomy to the other felids, with a strong flexible body, quick reflexes, sharp retractable claws, and teeth adapted to killing small prey.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cat senses fit a crepuscular and predatory ecological niche.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats can hear sounds too faint or too high in frequency for human ears, such as those made by mice and other small animals.", "Cat __knowledge__ They can see in near darkness.", "Cat __knowledge__ Like most other mammals, cats have poorer color vision and a better sense of smell than humans.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats, despite being solitary hunters, are a social species and cat communication includes the use of a variety of vocalizations (mewing, purring, trilling, hissing, growling, and grunting), as well as cat pheromones and types of cat-specific body language.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats have a high breeding rate.", "Cat __knowledge__ Under controlled breeding, they can be bred and shown as registered pedigree pets, a hobby known as cat fancy.", "List of experimental cat breeds __knowledge__ The following is a list of experimental cat breeds and crossbreeds that do not have the recognition of major national or international cat registries, such as The International Cat Association (TICA) in the US, Europe, and Australasia; the Governing Council of the Cat Fancy (GCCF) in the UK, the Fédération Internationale Féline (FiFE) in continental Europe, the Cat Fanciers' Association (CFA) in North America, or the more recent World Cat Federation based in Germany.", "List of experimental cat breeds __knowledge__ Such a breed may be recognized by one of the smaller cat registries.", "List of experimental cat breeds __knowledge__ Smaller registries include the Rare and Exotic Feline Registry (REFR), The Dwarf Cat Association (TDCA), and others.", "Manx cat __knowledge__ The Manx cat (, in earlier times often spelled Manks), is a breed of domestic cat (\"Felis catus\") originating on the Isle of Man, with a naturally occurring mutation that shortens the tail.", "Manx cat __knowledge__ Many Manx have a small stub of a tail, but Manx cats are best known as being entirely tailless; this is the most distinguishing characteristic of the breed, along with elongated hind legs and a rounded head.", "Manx cat __knowledge__ Manx cats come in all coat colours and patterns, though all-white specimens are rare, and the coat range of the original stock was more limited.", "Manx cat __knowledge__ Long-haired variants are sometimes considered a separate breed, the Cymric.", "Show cat __knowledge__ A show cat (also known as a purebred cat or pedigreed cat) is one that has been judged to be close to the physical ideal for its breed standard at a cat show.", "Show cat __knowledge__ Not all pedigreed cats are show cats, many are just pets but the ones with the best conformation and personality are often shown in associations such as the CFA and TICA in the US, the GCCF in the UK or the FiFe in the rest of Europe.", "Show cat __knowledge__ Uncommonly, a prize-winning pedigreed show cat can be worth thousands of dollars but most are loved pets.", "Show cat __knowledge__ In order to compare examples of breeds and improve stock, cat shows are held where judges evaluate the cats according to a breed standard.", "Allergy to cats __knowledge__ Cat allergy in humans is an allergic reaction to one or more allergens produced by cats.", "Allergy to cats __knowledge__ The most common of these allergens are the glycoprotein Fel d 1, secreted by the cat's sebaceous glands and Fel d 4, which is expressed in saliva.", "Allergy to cats __knowledge__ An allergic reaction is a histamine reaction that is usually characterized by coughing, wheezing, chest tightening, itching, nasal congestion, rash, watering eyes, sneezing, chapped lips, and similar symptoms.", "Allergy to cats __knowledge__ In some severe cases, reactions may progress rapidly to cause the victim's airway to become inflamed and close up, requiring emergency medical attention.", "Allergy to cats __knowledge__ Those with severe, life-threatening cat allergies face tremendous challenges due to lack of public awareness about anaphylactic cat allergies, and do not enjoy the same conscientiousness from the public as those with a food allergy might, due to widespread knowledge of allergies to allergens such as nuts or dairy.", "Maine Coon __knowledge__ The Maine Coon is one of the largest domesticated breeds of cat.", "Maine Coon __knowledge__ It has a distinctive physical appearance and valuable hunting skills.", "Maine Coon __knowledge__ It is one of the oldest natural breeds in North America, specifically \"native\" to the state of Maine (though the feline was simply introduced there), where it is the official state cat.", "Maine Coon __knowledge__ No records of the Maine Coon's exact origins and date of introduction to the United States exist, so several competing hypotheses have been suggested.", "Maine Coon __knowledge__ The breed was popular in cat shows in the late 19th century, but its existence became threatened when long-haired breeds from overseas were introduced in the early 20th century.", "Purebred __knowledge__ Purebreds, also called purebreeds, are cultivated varieties or \"cultivars\" of an animal species, achieved through the process of selective breeding.", "Purebred __knowledge__ When the lineage of a purebred animal is recorded, that animal is said to be \"pedigreed\".", "Purebred __knowledge__ The term \"purebred\" is occasionally confused with the proper noun \"Thoroughbred,\" which refers exclusively to a specific breed of horse, one of the first breeds for which a written national stud book was created since the 18th century.", "Purebred __knowledge__ Thus a purebred animal should never be called a \"thoroughbred\" unless the animal actually is a registered Thoroughbred horse.", "Purebred __knowledge__ In the world of selective animal breeding, to \"breed true\" means that specimens of an animal breed will breed true-to-type when mated like-to-like; that is, that the progeny of any two individuals in the same breed will show consistent, replicable and predictable characteristics.", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Poodle __knowledge__ The poodle is a group of formal dog breeds, the Standard Poodle, Miniature Poodle and Toy Poodle.", "Poodle __knowledge__ The origins of the poodles are still discussed with a dispute over whether the poodle descends from the old French Barbet breed or from Germany as a type of water dog.", "Poodle __knowledge__ Ranked second most intelligent dog breed just behind the Border Collie, the poodle is skillful in many dog sports and activities, including agility, obedience, tracking to herding, circus performers or assistance dogs.", "Poodle __knowledge__ Poodles have taken top honors in many conformation shows, including \"Best in Show\" at the Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show in 1991 and 2002, and at the World Dog Show in 2007 and 2010.", "Dog breed __knowledge__ Dog breeds are dogs that have relatively uniform physical characteristics developed under controlled conditions by humans, with breeding animals selected for phenotypic traits such as size, coat color, structure, and behavior.", "Dog breed __knowledge__ The Fédération Cynologique Internationale recognizes 337 pure dog breeds.", "Dog breed __knowledge__ Other uses of the term breed when referring to dogs may include pure breeds, cross-breeds, mixed breeds and natural breeds.", "Dog breed __knowledge__ In 2017, a study showed that 9,000 years ago the domestic dog was present at what is now Zhokhov Island, arctic north-eastern Siberia, which was connected to the mainland at that time.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Pet Sounds is the eleventh studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released on May 16, 1966.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ It initially met with a lukewarm critical and commercial response in the United States, peaking at number 10 in the \"Billboard\" 200, a significantly lower placement than the band's preceding albums.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the album was hailed by its music press and was an immediate commercial success, peaking at number 2 in the UK Top 40 Albums Chart and remaining among the top ten positions for six months.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Originally promoted as \"the most progressive pop album ever\", \"Pet Sounds\" attracted recognition for its ambitious recording and unusually sophisticated music, and is widely considered to be one of the most influential albums in music history.", "Limousin cattle __knowledge__ Limousin cattle are a breed of highly muscled beef cattle originating from the Limousin and Marche regions of France.", "Limousin cattle __knowledge__ The breed is known as in France.", "Limousin cattle __knowledge__ Limousins were first exported from France in significant numbers in the 1960s and are now present in about 70 countries.", "Limousin cattle __knowledge__ They are naturally horned and have a distinctive lighter wheat to darker golden-red colouring, although international breeders have now bred polled (do not have horns) and black Limousins.", "Limousin cattle __knowledge__ Initially used mainly as draft animals, interest in Limousins as a source of high quality meat grew about two hundred years ago.", "Limousin cattle __knowledge__ The first Limousin herd book was then established in France in 1886 to ensure the breed's purity and improvement by only recording and breeding animals that satisfied a strictly enforced breed standard.", "Cat registry __knowledge__ A cat registry or cat breed registry, also known as a cat fancier organisation, cattery federation, or cat breeders' association, is an organisation that registers domestic cats (usually purebred) of many breeds, for exhibition and for breeding lineage tracking purposes.", "Cat registry __knowledge__ A cat registry stores the pedigrees (genealogies) of cats, cattery names, and other details of cats; studbooks (lists of authorised studs of recognised breeds), breed descriptions, and the formal breed standards (a.k.a.", "Cat registry __knowledge__ standards of points or SoP); lists of judges qualified to judge at shows run by or affiliated with that registry; and sometimes other information.", "Coat (dog) __knowledge__ The coat of the domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\") refers to the hair that covers its body.", "Coat (dog) __knowledge__ A dog's coat may be a \"double coat\", made up of a soft undercoat and a tougher topcoat, or a \"single coat\", which lacks an undercoat.", "Coat (dog) __knowledge__ Double coats have a top coat, made of stiff hairs to help repel water and shield from dirt, and an undercoat to serve as insulation.", "Coat (dog) __knowledge__ The terms fur and hair are often used interchangeably when describing a dog's coat, however in general, a double coat, \"e.g.", "Coat (dog) __knowledge__ \", like that of the Newfoundland and most mountain dogs, is referred to as a \"fur coat\", while a single coat, like that of the Poodle, is referred to as a \"hair coat\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cat __knowledge__ The domestic cat (\"Felis silvestris catus\" or \"Felis catus\") is a small, typically furry, carnivorous mammal.", "Cat __knowledge__ They are often called house cats when kept as indoor pets or simply cats when there is no need to distinguish them from other felids and felines.", "Cat __knowledge__ They are often valued by humans for companionship and for their ability to hunt vermin.", "Cat __knowledge__ There are more than seventy cat breeds recognized by various cat registries.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats are similar in anatomy to the other felids, with a strong flexible body, quick reflexes, sharp retractable claws, and teeth adapted to killing small prey.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cat senses fit a crepuscular and predatory ecological niche.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats can hear sounds too faint or too high in frequency for human ears, such as those made by mice and other small animals.", "Cat __knowledge__ They can see in near darkness.", "Cat __knowledge__ Like most other mammals, cats have poorer color vision and a better sense of smell than humans.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats, despite being solitary hunters, are a social species and cat communication includes the use of a variety of vocalizations (mewing, purring, trilling, hissing, growling, and grunting), as well as cat pheromones and types of cat-specific body language.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats have a high breeding rate.", "Cat __knowledge__ Under controlled breeding, they can be bred and shown as registered pedigree pets, a hobby known as cat fancy.", "Siamese cat __knowledge__ The Siamese cat is one of the first distinctly recognized breeds of Asian cat.", "Siamese cat __knowledge__ Derived from the Wichianmat landrace, one of several varieties of cat native to Thailand (formerly known as Siam), the Siamese became one of the most popular breeds in Europe and North America in the 19th century.", "Siamese cat __knowledge__ The carefully refined modern Siamese is characterized by blue almond-shaped eyes; a triangular head shape; large ears; an elongated, slender, and muscular body; and point colouration.", "Siamese cat __knowledge__ (Aside from the colouration, it bears little resemblance to the original stock, and the more moderate, traditional or \"old-style\" Siamese, with a much rounder head and body, has been re-established by multiple registries as the Thai cat.)", "Detective Conan: The Lost Ship in the Sky __knowledge__ A terrorist group invades a laboratory containing a deadly bacteria and destroys the lab with an explosion.", "Detective Conan: The Lost Ship in the Sky __knowledge__ They later announce via the internet they have gained possession of the bacteria and declare themselves to be the , a terrorist group that was eradicated a decade ago.", "Detective Conan: The Lost Ship in the Sky __knowledge__ Conan Edogawa, Kogoro Mori, Ran Mori and The Detective Boys are invited by Sonoko Suzuki's uncle, Jirokichi Suzuki, to fly in his airship to witness his attempt at capturing Kaito Kid by baiting him with the jewel called .", "Detective Conan: The Lost Ship in the Sky __knowledge__ Kid replies to Jirokichi's challenge with a letter announcing he will steal Lady Sky when the airship approaches Osaka.", "Burmese cat __knowledge__ The Burmese (, , meaning copper colour) is a breed of domestic cat, originating in Thailand, believed to have its roots near the present Thai-Burma border and developed in the United States and Britain.", "Burmese cat __knowledge__ Most modern Burmese are descendants of one female cat called \"Wong Mau\", which was brought from Burma to America in 1930 and bred with American Siamese.", "Burmese cat __knowledge__ From there, American and British breeders developed distinctly different Burmese breed standards, which is unusual among pedigreed domestic cats.", "Burmese cat __knowledge__ Most modern cat registries do not formally recognize the two as separate breeds, but those that do refer to the British type as the European Burmese.", "List of experimental cat breeds __knowledge__ The following is a list of experimental cat breeds and crossbreeds that do not have the recognition of major national or international cat registries, such as The International Cat Association (TICA) in the US, Europe, and Australasia; the Governing Council of the Cat Fancy (GCCF) in the UK, the Fédération Internationale Féline (FiFE) in continental Europe, the Cat Fanciers' Association (CFA) in North America, or the more recent World Cat Federation based in Germany.", "List of experimental cat breeds __knowledge__ Such a breed may be recognized by one of the smaller cat registries.", "List of experimental cat breeds __knowledge__ Smaller registries include the Rare and Exotic Feline Registry (REFR), The Dwarf Cat Association (TDCA), and others.", "Snowshoe cat __knowledge__ The Snowshoe is a rare breed of cat originating in the United States of America in the 1960s.", "Snowshoe cat __knowledge__ Snowshoes were first produced in Philadelphia when a Siamese breeder's cat gave birth to three kittens with white feet.", "Snowshoe cat __knowledge__ The breeder, Dorothy Hinds-Daugherty, then began a breeding program to produce what were originally called \"Silver Laces\", crossing the strangely marked Siamese cats with bi-color American Shorthair cats and other breeds.", "Snowshoe cat __knowledge__ When Hinds-Daugherty left the program, Vikki Olander began working with the cats and recruited new breeders, as well as worked towards full recognition within cat associations.", "Himalayan cat __knowledge__ The Himalayan (a.k.a.", "Himalayan cat __knowledge__ Himalayan Persian, or Colourpoint Persian as it is commonly referred to in Europe), is a breed or sub-breed of long-haired cat identical in type to the Persian, with the exception of its blue eyes and its point colouration, which were derived from crossing the Persian with the Siamese.", "Himalayan cat __knowledge__ There is little or no information from the literature or early pictorial representations to indicate how ancient the four main groups of cats are; these being the two varieties of tabby, the single coloured black or white, and the sex-linked orange (marmalade or tortoiseshell cats).", "Himalayan cat __knowledge__ In addition, there are other breeds of cat that are more closely controlled by man, such as the Manx, the Persian, Siamese, and Abyssinian, to name but a few.", "Persian cat __knowledge__ The Persian cat (Persian: گربه ایرانی \"Gorbe Irâni\") is a long-haired breed of cat characterized by its round face and short muzzle.", "Persian cat __knowledge__ It is also known as the Persian Longhair.", "Persian cat __knowledge__ In the Middle East they are widely known as \"Iranian cat\" and in Iran they are known as \"Shirazi cat\".", "Persian cat __knowledge__ The first documented ancestors of the Persian were imported into Italy from Iran (Persia) around 1620.", "Persian cat __knowledge__ The exact history of the Persian cat does seem to be a bit of a mystery but many of these long-haired cats were seen in hieroglyphics.", "Persian cat __knowledge__ The story has it that these long-haired cats were then imported into Europe as their popularity grew and breeding took place in Italy and France.", "Rag Doll (comics) __knowledge__ The Rag Doll (Peter Merkel) is a fictional supervillain in the DC Universe.", "Rag Doll (comics) __knowledge__ Rag Doll was first introduced as an adversary for the Golden age Flash in a story published in \"Flash Comics #36\" (December 1942) where he was created by Gardner Fox.", "Rag Doll (comics) __knowledge__ In the series \"Starman\", James Robinson revived the character, giving him a darker reimagining.", "Rag Doll (comics) __knowledge__ His son, Peter Merkel, Jr., most recently used his father's name as a member of the Secret Six.", "Rag Doll (comics) __knowledge__ Peter Merkel, a native of the Midwestern United States, was born with a unique condition: \"Triple-jointedness\".", "Rag Doll (comics) __knowledge__ Like the more common \"double-jointedness\", Merkel's condition was characterized by extremely extensible ligaments and tendons, though to a significantly extended degree.", "Rag Doll (Peter Merkel Jr.) __knowledge__ Rag Doll (Peter Merkel Jr.) is a fictional character, a supervillain and anti-hero in the DC Comics Universe.", "Rag Doll (Peter Merkel Jr.) __knowledge__ He first appeared in \"Villains United\" #1 (July 2005), and was created by Gail Simone and Dale Eaglesham.", "Rag Doll (Peter Merkel Jr.) __knowledge__ He is a member of the Secret Six and the son of the original Rag Doll, Peter Merkel.", "Rag Doll (Peter Merkel Jr.) __knowledge__ A new Rag Doll was featured in the \"Villains United\" miniseries, as a member of a small group calling themselves the \"Secret Six\" who hoped to rival the new Secret Society of Super Villains.", "Rag Doll (Peter Merkel Jr.) __knowledge__ In Issue #3 it was revealed he is the son of the original Rag Doll and was born a normal baby.", "Rag Doll (Peter Merkel Jr.) __knowledge__ To please his father he underwent surgery to implant lubricated cybernetic joints that let him emulate his father's physique.", "Pedigree Dogs Exposed __knowledge__ Pedigree Dogs Exposed is a BBC One investigative documentary, produced by Jemima Harrison, which looks into health and welfare issues facing pedigree dogs in the United Kingdom.", "Pedigree Dogs Exposed __knowledge__ It was originally broadcast on 19 August 2008.", "Pedigree Dogs Exposed __knowledge__ The Kennel Club (KC), the governing body of pedigree dogs in the UK which runs the prestigious dog breed show Crufts, was criticised for allowing breed standards, judging standards and breeding practices to compromise the health of .", "Pedigree Dogs Exposed __knowledge__ The programme generated much criticism of the Kennel Club.", "Pedigree Dogs Exposed __knowledge__ It also caused various sponsors and trade exhibitors to withdraw their participation from Crufts and other Kennel Club events.", "Thai cat __knowledge__ The Thai cat or Wichien Maat (, , , meaning 'moon diamond') is a newly renamed but old cat breed, related to but distinct from the Western, modern Siamese cat.", "Thai cat __knowledge__ This natural breed is descended from the landrace of ' cats of Thailand, and as a standardised breed has also been variously called the Old-style, Old-type, Traditional, or Classic Siamese; the Whichian Mat (anglicised from the Thai name); and the Applehead, a nickname that originated as a pejorative used by breeders of the modern-style Siamese.", "Thai cat __knowledge__ According to The International Cat Association: \"The Thai is breed dedicated to preserving the native pointed cat of Thailand in as close to its original form as possible.\"", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd (, ) is a breed of medium to large-sized working dog that originated in Germany.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed's officially recognized name is German Shepherd Dog in the English language (sometimes abbreviated as \"GSD\").", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed was once known as the Alsatian in Britain and Ireland.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd is a relatively new breed of dog, with their origin dating to 1899.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ As part of the Herding Group, German Shepherds are working dogs developed originally for herding sheep.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ Since that time however, because of their strength, intelligence, trainability, and obedience, German Shepherds around the world are often the preferred breed for many types of work, including disability assistance, search-and-rescue, police and military roles, and even acting." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cat __knowledge__ The domestic cat (\"Felis silvestris catus\" or \"Felis catus\") is a small, typically furry, carnivorous mammal.", "Cat __knowledge__ They are often called house cats when kept as indoor pets or simply cats when there is no need to distinguish them from other felids and felines.", "Cat __knowledge__ They are often valued by humans for companionship and for their ability to hunt vermin.", "Cat __knowledge__ There are more than seventy cat breeds recognized by various cat registries.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats are similar in anatomy to the other felids, with a strong flexible body, quick reflexes, sharp retractable claws, and teeth adapted to killing small prey.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cat senses fit a crepuscular and predatory ecological niche.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats can hear sounds too faint or too high in frequency for human ears, such as those made by mice and other small animals.", "Cat __knowledge__ They can see in near darkness.", "Cat __knowledge__ Like most other mammals, cats have poorer color vision and a better sense of smell than humans.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats, despite being solitary hunters, are a social species and cat communication includes the use of a variety of vocalizations (mewing, purring, trilling, hissing, growling, and grunting), as well as cat pheromones and types of cat-specific body language.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats have a high breeding rate.", "Cat __knowledge__ Under controlled breeding, they can be bred and shown as registered pedigree pets, a hobby known as cat fancy.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ The Australian Cattle Dog (ACD), or simply Cattle Dog, is a breed of herding dog originally developed in Australia for droving cattle over long distances across rough terrain.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ This breed is a medium-sized, short-coated dog that occurs in two main colour forms.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ It has either brown or black hair distributed fairly evenly through a white coat, which gives the appearance of a \"red\" or \"blue\" dog.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ As with dogs from other working breeds, the Australian Cattle Dog is energetic and intelligent with an independent streak.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ It responds well to structured training, particularly if it is interesting and challenging.", "Heavy warmblood __knowledge__ The heavy warmbloods () are a group of horse breeds primarily from continental Europe.", "Heavy warmblood __knowledge__ The title includes the Ostfriesen (\"East Friesian\") and Alt-Oldenburger (\"Old-Oldenburger\"), Groningen, and similar horses from Silesia, Saxony-Thuringia, and Bavaria.", "Heavy warmblood __knowledge__ Breeds like the Hungarian Nonius, Kladruber, and Cleveland Bay are also often classed as \"heavy warmbloods.\"", "Heavy warmblood __knowledge__ They are the ancestors of the modern warmbloods, and are typically bred by preservation groups to fit the pre-World War model of the all-purpose utility horse.", "Heavy warmblood __knowledge__ Unlike the registries of the sport horses that followed them, many heavy warmblood registries maintain closed or partly closed studbooks.", "Russkiy Toy __knowledge__ The Russian Toy (also known as the Russian Toy Terrier, and in Russia as the Russkiy Toy, Toychik,) is a very small breed of dog originally bred in Russia from the English Toy Terrier which is known today as the Manchester Terrier.", "Russkiy Toy __knowledge__ There are two types of coats in the breed: smooth coat and long coat.", "Russkiy Toy __knowledge__ The smooth-coated variety was previously known as the Russian Toy Terrier and long-coated as the Moscow Long Haired Toy Terrier.", "Russkiy Toy __knowledge__ Both were brought together under the same Russian Toy Terrier name in 1988 and the \"Terrier\" was dropped from the name when the breed was added in 2006 to the official list of breeds registered with the Fédération Cynologique Internationale and has been registered in the Foundation Stock Service of the American Kennel Club since 2008, allowed to compete in AKC companion events since 2010.", "Solid black (chicken plumage) __knowledge__ Solid black plumage color refers to a plumage pattern in chickens (\"Gallus gallus domesticus\") characterized by a uniform, black color across all feathers.", "Solid black (chicken plumage) __knowledge__ There are chicken breeds where the typical plumage color is black, such as Australorp, Sumatra, , Jersey Giant and others.", "Solid black (chicken plumage) __knowledge__ And there are many other breeds having different color varieties, which also have an extended black variety, such as Leghorn, Minorca, Wyandotte, Orpington, Langshan and others.", "Solid black (chicken plumage) __knowledge__ Color is an important feature of most living organisms.", "Solid black (chicken plumage) __knowledge__ In the wild, color has great significance affecting the survival and reproductive success of the species.", "Beautiful (Mariah Carey song) __knowledge__ \"#Beautiful\" is a song recorded by American singers Mariah Carey and Miguel.", "Beautiful (Mariah Carey song) __knowledge__ It was released as the lead single from Carey's fourteenth studio album, \"Me.", "Beautiful (Mariah Carey song) __knowledge__ I Am Mariah...", "Beautiful (Mariah Carey song) __knowledge__ The Elusive Chanteuse\" (2014).", "Beautiful (Mariah Carey song) __knowledge__ \"#Beautiful\" was written by Carey, Miguel, Nathan Perez, Brooke Davis, Mac Robinson, and Brian Keith Warfield, with Carey, Miguel and Perez producing the song.", "Beautiful (Mariah Carey song) __knowledge__ Released on May 6, 2013, Carey and Miguel did not reveal that they had collaborated on the song, until April 25, 2013, when Carey revealed the title in a 25-second teaser video during season twelve of \"American Idol\".", "Beautiful (Mariah Carey song) __knowledge__ It was also on \"Idol\", on May 9, that Carey premiered the official music video for \"#Beautiful\", before uploading an alternative edit to her VEVO account, that is set to the explicit version of the song.", "List of hop varieties __knowledge__ This is a list of varieties of hop (\"Humulus lupulus\").", "List of hop varieties __knowledge__ As there are male and female plants, the flowers (cones) of the female plant are fertilized by the pollen of the male flowers with the result that the female flowers form seeds.", "List of hop varieties __knowledge__ These seeds are eaten by birds and hence spread over vast distances.", "List of hop varieties __knowledge__ Hops, specifically their female plants, have been grown as a commercial crop for the brewing industry for many centuries in many countries.", "List of hop varieties __knowledge__ The first documented mention of a hop garden is in the will of Pepyn III.", "List of hop varieties __knowledge__ The first breeding of different hop varieties took place at Wye College in Kent, England by E. S. Salmon in 1919 when he bred the varieties \"Brewer's Gold\" and \"Bullion\".", "Smile (The Beach Boys album) __knowledge__ Smile (sometimes stylized as SMiLE) was a projected album by American rock band the Beach Boys intended to follow their 11th studio album, \"Pet Sounds\" (1966).", "Smile (The Beach Boys album) __knowledge__ After bandleader Brian Wilson abandoned large portions of music recorded over a ten-month period, the band substituted its release with \"Smiley Smile\" (1967), an album containing stripped-down remakes of some \"Smile\" material.", "Smile (The Beach Boys album) __knowledge__ Some of the original \"Smile\" tracks eventually found their way onto subsequent Beach Boys' studio and compilation albums.", "Smile (The Beach Boys album) __knowledge__ As more fans learned of the project's origins, details of its recordings acquired considerable mystique, and it was later acknowledged as the most legendary unreleased album in the history of popular music.", "Siamese cat __knowledge__ The Siamese cat is one of the first distinctly recognized breeds of Asian cat.", "Siamese cat __knowledge__ Derived from the Wichianmat landrace, one of several varieties of cat native to Thailand (formerly known as Siam), the Siamese became one of the most popular breeds in Europe and North America in the 19th century.", "Siamese cat __knowledge__ The carefully refined modern Siamese is characterized by blue almond-shaped eyes; a triangular head shape; large ears; an elongated, slender, and muscular body; and point colouration.", "Siamese cat __knowledge__ (Aside from the colouration, it bears little resemblance to the original stock, and the more moderate, traditional or \"old-style\" Siamese, with a much rounder head and body, has been re-established by multiple registries as the Thai cat.)", "Oriental Shorthair __knowledge__ The Oriental Shorthair is a breed of domestic cat that is closely related to the Siamese.", "Oriental Shorthair __knowledge__ It maintains the modern Siamese head and body type but appears in a wide range of coat colors and patterns.", "Oriental Shorthair __knowledge__ Like the Siamese, Orientals have almond-shaped eyes, a triangular head shape, large ears, and an elongated, slender, and muscular body.", "Oriental Shorthair __knowledge__ Their personalities are also very similar.", "Oriental Shorthair __knowledge__ Orientals are social, intelligent, and many are rather vocal.", "Oriental Shorthair __knowledge__ They often remain playful into adulthood, with many enjoying playing fetch.", "Oriental Shorthair __knowledge__ Despite their slender appearance, they are athletic and can leap into high places.", "Oriental Shorthair __knowledge__ They prefer to live in pairs or groups and also seek human interaction.", "Physical attractiveness __knowledge__ Physical attractiveness is the degree to which a person's physical features are considered aesthetically pleasing or beautiful.", "Physical attractiveness __knowledge__ The term often implies sexual attractiveness or desirability, but can also be distinct from either.", "Physical attractiveness __knowledge__ There are many factors which influence one person's attraction to another, with physical aspects being one of them.", "Physical attractiveness __knowledge__ Physical attraction itself includes universal perceptions common to all human cultures, as well as aspects that are culturally and socially dependent, along with individual subjective preferences.", "Physical attractiveness __knowledge__ In many cases, humans subconsciously attribute positive characteristics, such as intelligence and honesty, to physically attractive people.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Jérôme Rothen __knowledge__ Jérôme René Marcel Rothen (; born 31 March 1978) is a French former footballer who played as a winger.", "Jérôme Rothen __knowledge__ Rothen won 13 caps for the French national team.", "Jérôme Rothen __knowledge__ He represented his country at the 2004 European Football Championship and won the FIFA Confederations Cup with France in 2003.", "Jérôme Rothen __knowledge__ At club level, Rothen won the Coupe de France once and the Coupe de la Ligue twice with Paris Saint-Germain.", "Jérôme Rothen __knowledge__ He also won the Coupe de la Ligue with Monaco.", "Jérôme Rothen __knowledge__ Rothen was a skilled winger who specialised in free kicks, crossing and passing.", "Jérôme Rothen __knowledge__ Rothen underwent training at the famous Clairefontaine National Football Academy in France.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters from the \"Forgotten Realms\" campaign setting for the \"Dungeons & Dragons\" fantasy role-playing game.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Most of these characters have appeared in the multiple series of novels set in the \"Forgotten Realms\".", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Many have some magical abilities.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Aballister Bonaduce is the nemesis of his son Cadderly Bonaduce, the main character of R.A. Salvatore's The Cleric Quintet.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Calculating, cold, and merciless, Aballister is determined to complete his conquest of the region.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Guided by the goddess Talona, Mistress of Poison, Aballister creates The Chaos Curse and unleashes it upon The Edificant Library, home of Cadderly and his friends.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ This is a list of creatures in the fictional \"Star Wars\" universe.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ To be listed here, creatures must be noted in multiple canonical sources.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ An Acklay is a large non-Sentient creature resembling an Earth's praying mantis.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ It is a Crustacean.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ It is equipped with three eyes and six legs with four digits each, the fourth of which terminates in an elongated scythe-like claw and a crest to protect it from air attack.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ As a carnivore, it possesses a mouth full of long, sharp teeth that it uses for catching fish.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ It originated on Vendaxa, but has since adapted to other environments such as Felucia and Geonosis." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cat __knowledge__ The domestic cat (\"Felis silvestris catus\" or \"Felis catus\") is a small, typically furry, carnivorous mammal.", "Cat __knowledge__ They are often called house cats when kept as indoor pets or simply cats when there is no need to distinguish them from other felids and felines.", "Cat __knowledge__ They are often valued by humans for companionship and for their ability to hunt vermin.", "Cat __knowledge__ There are more than seventy cat breeds recognized by various cat registries.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats are similar in anatomy to the other felids, with a strong flexible body, quick reflexes, sharp retractable claws, and teeth adapted to killing small prey.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cat senses fit a crepuscular and predatory ecological niche.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats can hear sounds too faint or too high in frequency for human ears, such as those made by mice and other small animals.", "Cat __knowledge__ They can see in near darkness.", "Cat __knowledge__ Like most other mammals, cats have poorer color vision and a better sense of smell than humans.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats, despite being solitary hunters, are a social species and cat communication includes the use of a variety of vocalizations (mewing, purring, trilling, hissing, growling, and grunting), as well as cat pheromones and types of cat-specific body language.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats have a high breeding rate.", "Cat __knowledge__ Under controlled breeding, they can be bred and shown as registered pedigree pets, a hobby known as cat fancy.", "List of experimental cat breeds __knowledge__ The following is a list of experimental cat breeds and crossbreeds that do not have the recognition of major national or international cat registries, such as The International Cat Association (TICA) in the US, Europe, and Australasia; the Governing Council of the Cat Fancy (GCCF) in the UK, the Fédération Internationale Féline (FiFE) in continental Europe, the Cat Fanciers' Association (CFA) in North America, or the more recent World Cat Federation based in Germany.", "List of experimental cat breeds __knowledge__ Such a breed may be recognized by one of the smaller cat registries.", "List of experimental cat breeds __knowledge__ Smaller registries include the Rare and Exotic Feline Registry (REFR), The Dwarf Cat Association (TDCA), and others.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Maine Coon __knowledge__ The Maine Coon is one of the largest domesticated breeds of cat.", "Maine Coon __knowledge__ It has a distinctive physical appearance and valuable hunting skills.", "Maine Coon __knowledge__ It is one of the oldest natural breeds in North America, specifically \"native\" to the state of Maine (though the feline was simply introduced there), where it is the official state cat.", "Maine Coon __knowledge__ No records of the Maine Coon's exact origins and date of introduction to the United States exist, so several competing hypotheses have been suggested.", "Maine Coon __knowledge__ The breed was popular in cat shows in the late 19th century, but its existence became threatened when long-haired breeds from overseas were introduced in the early 20th century.", "Manx cat __knowledge__ The Manx cat (, in earlier times often spelled Manks), is a breed of domestic cat (\"Felis catus\") originating on the Isle of Man, with a naturally occurring mutation that shortens the tail.", "Manx cat __knowledge__ Many Manx have a small stub of a tail, but Manx cats are best known as being entirely tailless; this is the most distinguishing characteristic of the breed, along with elongated hind legs and a rounded head.", "Manx cat __knowledge__ Manx cats come in all coat colours and patterns, though all-white specimens are rare, and the coat range of the original stock was more limited.", "Manx cat __knowledge__ Long-haired variants are sometimes considered a separate breed, the Cymric.", "Cat registry __knowledge__ A cat registry or cat breed registry, also known as a cat fancier organisation, cattery federation, or cat breeders' association, is an organisation that registers domestic cats (usually purebred) of many breeds, for exhibition and for breeding lineage tracking purposes.", "Cat registry __knowledge__ A cat registry stores the pedigrees (genealogies) of cats, cattery names, and other details of cats; studbooks (lists of authorised studs of recognised breeds), breed descriptions, and the formal breed standards (a.k.a.", "Cat registry __knowledge__ standards of points or SoP); lists of judges qualified to judge at shows run by or affiliated with that registry; and sometimes other information.", "Allergy to cats __knowledge__ Cat allergy in humans is an allergic reaction to one or more allergens produced by cats.", "Allergy to cats __knowledge__ The most common of these allergens are the glycoprotein Fel d 1, secreted by the cat's sebaceous glands and Fel d 4, which is expressed in saliva.", "Allergy to cats __knowledge__ An allergic reaction is a histamine reaction that is usually characterized by coughing, wheezing, chest tightening, itching, nasal congestion, rash, watering eyes, sneezing, chapped lips, and similar symptoms.", "Allergy to cats __knowledge__ In some severe cases, reactions may progress rapidly to cause the victim's airway to become inflamed and close up, requiring emergency medical attention.", "Allergy to cats __knowledge__ Those with severe, life-threatening cat allergies face tremendous challenges due to lack of public awareness about anaphylactic cat allergies, and do not enjoy the same conscientiousness from the public as those with a food allergy might, due to widespread knowledge of allergies to allergens such as nuts or dairy.", "Siamese cat __knowledge__ The Siamese cat is one of the first distinctly recognized breeds of Asian cat.", "Siamese cat __knowledge__ Derived from the Wichianmat landrace, one of several varieties of cat native to Thailand (formerly known as Siam), the Siamese became one of the most popular breeds in Europe and North America in the 19th century.", "Siamese cat __knowledge__ The carefully refined modern Siamese is characterized by blue almond-shaped eyes; a triangular head shape; large ears; an elongated, slender, and muscular body; and point colouration.", "Siamese cat __knowledge__ (Aside from the colouration, it bears little resemblance to the original stock, and the more moderate, traditional or \"old-style\" Siamese, with a much rounder head and body, has been re-established by multiple registries as the Thai cat.)", "LaPerm __knowledge__ The LaPerm is a recognized breed of cat.", "LaPerm __knowledge__ A LaPerm's fur is curly (hence the name \"perm\"), with the tightest curls being on the belly, throat and base of the ears.", "LaPerm __knowledge__ LaPerms come in many colors and patterns.", "LaPerm __knowledge__ LaPerms generally have a very affectionate personality.", "LaPerm __knowledge__ The LaPerm is a rex breed which originated in the United States and is now present in many other countries worldwide.", "LaPerm __knowledge__ The breed is genetically unique and not related to any other rex cat varieties, having a dominant gene causing their curly coats.", "LaPerm __knowledge__ They have an elegant and athletic build and are affectionate, active and outgoing in character.", "Leonberger __knowledge__ The Leonberger is a giant dog breed.", "Leonberger __knowledge__ The breed's name derives from the city of Leonberg in Baden-Württemberg, Germany.", "Leonberger __knowledge__ According to legend, the Leonberger was ostensibly bred as a \"symbolic dog\" that would mimic the lion in the town crest.", "Leonberger __knowledge__ It is in the Working Group for dog shows such as Crufts, but not at the World Dog Show.", "Leonberger __knowledge__ This Mountain dog comes with a generous double coat; the Leonberger is a large, muscular, and elegant dog with balanced body type, medium temperament, and dramatic presence.", "Leonberger __knowledge__ The head is adorned with a striking black mask, and projects the breed's distinct expression of intelligence, pride, and kindliness.", "Physical attractiveness __knowledge__ Physical attractiveness is the degree to which a person's physical features are considered aesthetically pleasing or beautiful.", "Physical attractiveness __knowledge__ The term often implies sexual attractiveness or desirability, but can also be distinct from either.", "Physical attractiveness __knowledge__ There are many factors which influence one person's attraction to another, with physical aspects being one of them.", "Physical attractiveness __knowledge__ Physical attraction itself includes universal perceptions common to all human cultures, as well as aspects that are culturally and socially dependent, along with individual subjective preferences.", "Physical attractiveness __knowledge__ In many cases, humans subconsciously attribute positive characteristics, such as intelligence and honesty, to physically attractive people.", "Oriental Shorthair __knowledge__ The Oriental Shorthair is a breed of domestic cat that is closely related to the Siamese.", "Oriental Shorthair __knowledge__ It maintains the modern Siamese head and body type but appears in a wide range of coat colors and patterns.", "Oriental Shorthair __knowledge__ Like the Siamese, Orientals have almond-shaped eyes, a triangular head shape, large ears, and an elongated, slender, and muscular body.", "Oriental Shorthair __knowledge__ Their personalities are also very similar.", "Oriental Shorthair __knowledge__ Orientals are social, intelligent, and many are rather vocal.", "Oriental Shorthair __knowledge__ They often remain playful into adulthood, with many enjoying playing fetch.", "Oriental Shorthair __knowledge__ Despite their slender appearance, they are athletic and can leap into high places.", "Oriental Shorthair __knowledge__ They prefer to live in pairs or groups and also seek human interaction." ] ]

[ 4, 12, 15, 49, 0 ]

[ "I like them ok, but unfortunately they are not my favorite pet, even though there are more than 70 different breeds.", "I'm not exactly sure of them all, under controlled breeding they can be bred and shown as registered pedigree pets. Breeds like persian, siamese, and rag doll come to mind.", "They are characterized by blue almond-shaped eyes, large ears and a long slender muscular body.", "I believe they were the first recognized breed of Asian cat - maybe that is why they have almond shaped eyes!!", "I think Abyssinians are the most loving cats honestly, but they are so pricey. Also it seems that orange tabbies are pretty loving also." ]

[ "Cat", "Cat", "Cat", "Cat", "Cat" ]

[ "Veganism\nWhat do you know about being vegan? I am a true meat eater but would love to know more about the health benefits of veganism.", "Are you Vegan? I see the benefits of veganism somewhat but my mother was vegan and she suffered health problems due to a lack of meat in her diet.", "Yes and I believe it contributed to my mother's iron deficiency. I will not deny that there are true benefits to abstaining but I'm like you . . . I love meat too much! lol", "I understand why. I believe the diet is insufficient in providing the necessary nutrients for a healthy and balanced lifestyle, although this is just MY opinion.", "I would DIE of starvation! lol My favorite foods are the items that they are not allowed to eat!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Veganism __knowledge__ Veganism is both the practice of abstaining from the use of animal products, particularly in diet, and an associated philosophy that rejects the commodity status of animals.", "Veganism __knowledge__ A follower of either the diet or the philosophy is known as a vegan ( ).", "Veganism __knowledge__ Distinctions are sometimes made between several categories of veganism.", "Veganism __knowledge__ \"Dietary vegans\" (or strict vegetarians) refrain from consuming animal products, not only meat but also eggs, dairy products and other animal-derived substances.", "Veganism __knowledge__ The term \"ethical vegan\" is often applied to those who not only follow a vegan diet but extend the philosophy into other areas of their lives, and oppose the use of animals for any purpose.", "Veganism __knowledge__ Another term is \"environmental veganism\", which refers to the avoidance of animal products on the premise that the harvesting or industrial farming of animals is environmentally damaging and unsustainable.", "Veganism __knowledge__ Well-planned vegan diets can reduce the risk of some types of chronic disease, including heart disease.", "Veganism __knowledge__ They are regarded as appropriate for all stages of life including during infancy and pregnancy by the American Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Dietitians of Canada, and the British Dietetic Association.", "Veganism __knowledge__ The German Society for Nutrition does not recommend vegan diets for children, adolescents nor during pregnancy and breastfeeding.", "Christian vegetarianism __knowledge__ Christian vegetarianism is a Christian practice based on effecting the compassionate teachings of Jesus, the twelve apostles, and the early church to all sentient or living beings through vegetarianism or, ideally, veganism.", "Christian vegetarianism __knowledge__ Alternatively, Christians may be vegetarian for ethical, environmental, nutritional, or other spiritual reasons.", "Christian vegetarianism __knowledge__ Various church founders have recommended vegetarianism, such as William Cowherd from the Bible Christian Church and Ellen G. White from the Seventh-day Adventists.", "Christian vegetarianism __knowledge__ Cowherd, who founded the Bible Christian Church in 1809, helped to establish the world's first Vegetarian Society in 1847.", "Vegetarian ecofeminism __knowledge__ Vegetarian ecofeminism is an activist and academic movement which states that all types of oppression are linked and must be eradicated, with a focus on including the domination of humans over nonhuman animals.", "Vegetarian ecofeminism __knowledge__ Through the feminist concept known as intersectionality, it is recognized that sexism, racism, classism, and other forms of inter human oppression are all connected.", "Vegetarian ecofeminism __knowledge__ Vegetarian ecofeminism aims to include the domination of not only the environment but also of nonhuman animals to the list.", "Vegetarian ecofeminism __knowledge__ Vegetarian ecofeminism is part of the academic and philosophical field of ecofeminism, which states that the ways in which the privileged dominates the oppressed should include the way humans dominate nature.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism is the practice of abstaining from the consumption of meat (red meat, poultry, seafood, and the flesh of any other animal), and may also include abstention from by-products of animal slaughter.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism may be adopted for various reasons.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Many people object to eating meat out of respect for sentient life.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Such ethical motivations have been codified under various religious beliefs, as well as animal rights advocacy.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Other motivations for vegetarianism are health-related, political, environmental, cultural, aesthetic, economic, or personal preference.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ There are variations of the diet as well: an ovo-lacto vegetarian diet includes both eggs and dairy products, an ovo-vegetarian diet includes eggs but not dairy products, and a lacto-vegetarian diet includes dairy products but not eggs.", "Vegetarianism by country __knowledge__ This article deals with vegetarianism and veganism by country, comparing the prevalence of vegetarianism and veganism in each country when sources are available by the number of vegetarians and vegans, and listing food standards, laws and general cultural attitudes.", "Vegetarianism by country __knowledge__ Some countries have strong cultural or religious traditions that promote vegetarianism, such as in India, while in other countries secular ethical concerns dominate, including animal rights and environmental protection, along with health concerns.", "Vegetarianism by country __knowledge__ In many countries, food labeling laws make it easier for vegetarians to identify foods compatible with their diets.", "Vegaphobia __knowledge__ Vegaphobia (or vegephobia) is the aversion to and discrimination against vegetarian and vegan people.", "Vegaphobia __knowledge__ Some of the oldest episodes of aversion can be found in the 3rd and 4th centuries when Greek comedies are written where Pythagoras is despised of his choice of not eating meat.", "Vegaphobia __knowledge__ They then have episodes of persecution of vegetarians in China in the twelfth century as well as in the European medieval, where they were branded as heretics and persecuted by the Holy Inquisition.", "Vegaphobia __knowledge__ These persecutions are also detailed in the essay Pythagora's Supper by Erica Joy Mannucci.", "Vegaphobia __knowledge__ In recent times, Nazi Germany became the protagonist of the vegetarian persecution.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cat food is food for consumption by cats.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cats have specific requirements for their dietary nutrients.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Certain nutrients, including many vitamins and amino acids, are degraded by the temperatures, pressures and chemical treatments used during manufacture, and hence must be added after manufacture to avoid nutritional deficiency.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The amino acid taurine, for example, which is found in meat, is degraded during processing, so synthetic taurine is normally added afterwards.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Long-term taurine deficiency may result in retinal degeneration, loss of vision, and cardiac arrest.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The idea of preparing specialized food for cats came later than for dogs (see dog biscuits and dog food)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Veganism __knowledge__ Veganism is both the practice of abstaining from the use of animal products, particularly in diet, and an associated philosophy that rejects the commodity status of animals.", "Veganism __knowledge__ A follower of either the diet or the philosophy is known as a vegan ( ).", "Veganism __knowledge__ Distinctions are sometimes made between several categories of veganism.", "Veganism __knowledge__ \"Dietary vegans\" (or strict vegetarians) refrain from consuming animal products, not only meat but also eggs, dairy products and other animal-derived substances.", "Veganism __knowledge__ The term \"ethical vegan\" is often applied to those who not only follow a vegan diet but extend the philosophy into other areas of their lives, and oppose the use of animals for any purpose.", "Veganism __knowledge__ Another term is \"environmental veganism\", which refers to the avoidance of animal products on the premise that the harvesting or industrial farming of animals is environmentally damaging and unsustainable.", "Veganism __knowledge__ Well-planned vegan diets can reduce the risk of some types of chronic disease, including heart disease.", "Veganism __knowledge__ They are regarded as appropriate for all stages of life including during infancy and pregnancy by the American Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Dietitians of Canada, and the British Dietetic Association.", "Veganism __knowledge__ The German Society for Nutrition does not recommend vegan diets for children, adolescents nor during pregnancy and breastfeeding.", "Vegetarianism by country __knowledge__ This article deals with vegetarianism and veganism by country, comparing the prevalence of vegetarianism and veganism in each country when sources are available by the number of vegetarians and vegans, and listing food standards, laws and general cultural attitudes.", "Vegetarianism by country __knowledge__ Some countries have strong cultural or religious traditions that promote vegetarianism, such as in India, while in other countries secular ethical concerns dominate, including animal rights and environmental protection, along with health concerns.", "Vegetarianism by country __knowledge__ In many countries, food labeling laws make it easier for vegetarians to identify foods compatible with their diets.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cat food is food for consumption by cats.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cats have specific requirements for their dietary nutrients.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Certain nutrients, including many vitamins and amino acids, are degraded by the temperatures, pressures and chemical treatments used during manufacture, and hence must be added after manufacture to avoid nutritional deficiency.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The amino acid taurine, for example, which is found in meat, is degraded during processing, so synthetic taurine is normally added afterwards.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Long-term taurine deficiency may result in retinal degeneration, loss of vision, and cardiac arrest.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The idea of preparing specialized food for cats came later than for dogs (see dog biscuits and dog food).", "Vegetarian ecofeminism __knowledge__ Vegetarian ecofeminism is an activist and academic movement which states that all types of oppression are linked and must be eradicated, with a focus on including the domination of humans over nonhuman animals.", "Vegetarian ecofeminism __knowledge__ Through the feminist concept known as intersectionality, it is recognized that sexism, racism, classism, and other forms of inter human oppression are all connected.", "Vegetarian ecofeminism __knowledge__ Vegetarian ecofeminism aims to include the domination of not only the environment but also of nonhuman animals to the list.", "Vegetarian ecofeminism __knowledge__ Vegetarian ecofeminism is part of the academic and philosophical field of ecofeminism, which states that the ways in which the privileged dominates the oppressed should include the way humans dominate nature.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism is the practice of abstaining from the consumption of meat (red meat, poultry, seafood, and the flesh of any other animal), and may also include abstention from by-products of animal slaughter.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism may be adopted for various reasons.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Many people object to eating meat out of respect for sentient life.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Such ethical motivations have been codified under various religious beliefs, as well as animal rights advocacy.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Other motivations for vegetarianism are health-related, political, environmental, cultural, aesthetic, economic, or personal preference.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ There are variations of the diet as well: an ovo-lacto vegetarian diet includes both eggs and dairy products, an ovo-vegetarian diet includes eggs but not dairy products, and a lacto-vegetarian diet includes dairy products but not eggs.", "Vegaphobia __knowledge__ Vegaphobia (or vegephobia) is the aversion to and discrimination against vegetarian and vegan people.", "Vegaphobia __knowledge__ Some of the oldest episodes of aversion can be found in the 3rd and 4th centuries when Greek comedies are written where Pythagoras is despised of his choice of not eating meat.", "Vegaphobia __knowledge__ They then have episodes of persecution of vegetarians in China in the twelfth century as well as in the European medieval, where they were branded as heretics and persecuted by the Holy Inquisition.", "Vegaphobia __knowledge__ These persecutions are also detailed in the essay Pythagora's Supper by Erica Joy Mannucci.", "Vegaphobia __knowledge__ In recent times, Nazi Germany became the protagonist of the vegetarian persecution.", "Vegan nutrition __knowledge__ Vegan nutrition refers to the nutritional aspects of vegan diets – diets which include no animal products.", "Vegan nutrition __knowledge__ While a well-planned, balanced vegan diet is suitable to meet all recommendations for nutrients in every stage of life, improperly-planned vegan diets may be deficient in vitamin B, vitamin D, calcium, iodine, iron, zinc, riboflavin (vitamin B), long-chain fatty acids EPA and DHA, and omega-3 fatty acids.", "Vegan nutrition __knowledge__ Doctors Dean Ornish, T. Colin Campbell, John A. McDougall, Michael Klaper, Caldwell Esselstyn, Michael Greger, Joel Fuhrman, and Neal D. Barnard claim that high animal fat and protein diets, such as the standard American diet, are detrimental to health.", "Christian vegetarianism __knowledge__ Christian vegetarianism is a Christian practice based on effecting the compassionate teachings of Jesus, the twelve apostles, and the early church to all sentient or living beings through vegetarianism or, ideally, veganism.", "Christian vegetarianism __knowledge__ Alternatively, Christians may be vegetarian for ethical, environmental, nutritional, or other spiritual reasons.", "Christian vegetarianism __knowledge__ Various church founders have recommended vegetarianism, such as William Cowherd from the Bible Christian Church and Ellen G. White from the Seventh-day Adventists.", "Christian vegetarianism __knowledge__ Cowherd, who founded the Bible Christian Church in 1809, helped to establish the world's first Vegetarian Society in 1847.", "Vegetarian/vegan dog diet __knowledge__ Like the human practice of veganism, vegan dog foods are those formulated with the exclusion of ingredients that contain or were processed with any part of an animal, or any animal byproduct.", "Vegetarian/vegan dog diet __knowledge__ Vegan dog food may incorporate the use of fruits, vegetables, cereals, legumes, nuts, vegetable oils, soya, as well as any other non-animal based foods.", "Vegetarian/vegan dog diet __knowledge__ The omnivorous domestic canine has evolved to metabolize carbohydrates and thrive on a diet lower in protein, and therefore, a vegan diet may be substantial if properly formulated and balanced.", "Vegetarian/vegan dog diet __knowledge__ Vegetarianism may be defined as the practice of consuming foods that are primarily derived from plants, with or without dairy products, eggs, and/or honey.", "Animal (De)liberation __knowledge__ Animal (De)liberation: Should the Consumption of Animal Products Be Banned?", "Animal (De)liberation __knowledge__ is a 2016 book, written by Jan Deckers and published by Ubiquity Press.", "Animal (De)liberation __knowledge__ The book engages with the work of many scholars who have written on the subject, including Carol Adams, Alasdair Cochrane, Gary Francione, Melanie Joy, Martha Nussbaum, and Peter Singer, as well as with the views of non-specialists, including slaughterhouse workers involved with the film \"Slaughterhouse: The Task of Blood\", released by Century Films in 2005.", "Animal (De)liberation __knowledge__ The key question dealt with in the book is whether the consumption of products derived from the bodies of animals should be banned.", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ Vegetarianism is strongly linked with a number of religions that originated in ancient India (Jainism, Hinduism and Buddhism).", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ In Jainism, vegetarianism is mandatory for everyone; in Hinduism and Mahayana Buddhism, it is advocated by some influential scriptures and religious authorities.", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ Comparatively, in the Abrahamic religions (Judaism, Christianity, and Islam), the Bahá'í Faith and Dharmic religions such as Sikhism, vegetarianism is not promoted by mainstream authorities, although in all these faiths there are small groups actively promoting vegetarianism on religious grounds.", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ Most Indian religions have philosophical schools that forbid consumption of meat and Jainism institutes an outright ban on the same." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Veganism __knowledge__ Veganism is both the practice of abstaining from the use of animal products, particularly in diet, and an associated philosophy that rejects the commodity status of animals.", "Veganism __knowledge__ A follower of either the diet or the philosophy is known as a vegan ( ).", "Veganism __knowledge__ Distinctions are sometimes made between several categories of veganism.", "Veganism __knowledge__ \"Dietary vegans\" (or strict vegetarians) refrain from consuming animal products, not only meat but also eggs, dairy products and other animal-derived substances.", "Veganism __knowledge__ The term \"ethical vegan\" is often applied to those who not only follow a vegan diet but extend the philosophy into other areas of their lives, and oppose the use of animals for any purpose.", "Veganism __knowledge__ Another term is \"environmental veganism\", which refers to the avoidance of animal products on the premise that the harvesting or industrial farming of animals is environmentally damaging and unsustainable.", "Veganism __knowledge__ Well-planned vegan diets can reduce the risk of some types of chronic disease, including heart disease.", "Veganism __knowledge__ They are regarded as appropriate for all stages of life including during infancy and pregnancy by the American Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Dietitians of Canada, and the British Dietetic Association.", "Veganism __knowledge__ The German Society for Nutrition does not recommend vegan diets for children, adolescents nor during pregnancy and breastfeeding.", "Iron deficiency __knowledge__ Iron deficiency happens when a body has not enough (or not qualitatively enough) iron to supply its eventual needs.", "Iron deficiency __knowledge__ Iron is present in all cells in the human body and has several vital functions, such as: carrying oxygen to the tissues from the lungs as a key component of the hemoglobin protein; acting as a transport medium for electrons within the cells in the form of cytochromes; facilitating oxygen enzyme reactions in various tissues.", "Iron deficiency __knowledge__ Too little iron can interfere with these vital functions and lead to morbidity and death.", "Iron deficiency __knowledge__ Total body iron averages approximately 3.8 g in men and 2.3 g in women.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism is the practice of abstaining from the consumption of meat (red meat, poultry, seafood, and the flesh of any other animal), and may also include abstention from by-products of animal slaughter.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism may be adopted for various reasons.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Many people object to eating meat out of respect for sentient life.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Such ethical motivations have been codified under various religious beliefs, as well as animal rights advocacy.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Other motivations for vegetarianism are health-related, political, environmental, cultural, aesthetic, economic, or personal preference.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ There are variations of the diet as well: an ovo-lacto vegetarian diet includes both eggs and dairy products, an ovo-vegetarian diet includes eggs but not dairy products, and a lacto-vegetarian diet includes dairy products but not eggs.", "Iron-deficiency anemia __knowledge__ Iron-deficiency anemia is anemia caused by a lack of iron.", "Iron-deficiency anemia __knowledge__ Anemia is defined as a decrease in the number of red blood cells or the amount of hemoglobin in the blood.", "Iron-deficiency anemia __knowledge__ When onset is slow, symptoms are often vague, including feeling tired, weakness, shortness of breath, or poor ability to exercise.", "Iron-deficiency anemia __knowledge__ Anemia that comes on quickly often has greater symptoms, including: confusion, feeling like one is going to pass out, and increased thirst.", "Iron-deficiency anemia __knowledge__ There needs to be significant anemia before a person becomes noticeably pale.", "Iron-deficiency anemia __knowledge__ Problems with growth and development may occur in children.", "Iron-deficiency anemia __knowledge__ There may be additional symptoms depending on the underlying cause.", "Anemia __knowledge__ Anemia is a decrease in the total amount of red blood cells (RBCs) or hemoglobin in the blood, or a lowered ability of the blood to carry oxygen.", "Anemia __knowledge__ When anemia comes on slowly, the symptoms are often vague and may include feeling tired, weakness, shortness of breath or a poor ability to exercise.", "Anemia __knowledge__ Anemia that comes on quickly often has greater symptoms, which may include confusion, feeling like one is going to pass out, loss of consciousness, or increased thirst.", "Anemia __knowledge__ Anemia must be significant before a person becomes noticeably pale.", "Anemia __knowledge__ Additional symptoms may occur depending on the underlying cause.", "Anemia __knowledge__ The three main types of anemia are due to blood loss, decreased red blood cell production, and increased red blood cell breakdown.", "Iron supplement __knowledge__ Iron supplements, also known as iron salts and iron pills, are a number of iron formulations used to treat and prevent iron deficiency including iron deficiency anemia.", "Iron supplement __knowledge__ For prevention they are only recommended in those with poor absorption, heavy menstrual periods, pregnancy, hemodialysis, or a diet low in iron.", "Iron supplement __knowledge__ Prevention may also be used in low birth weight babies.", "Iron supplement __knowledge__ They are taken by mouth, injection into a vein, or injection into a muscle.", "Iron supplement __knowledge__ While benefits may be seen in days up to two months may be required until iron levels return to normal.", "Iron supplement __knowledge__ Common side effects include constipation, abdominal pain, dark stools, and diarrhea.", "Nutritional neuroscience __knowledge__ Nutritional neuroscience is the scientific discipline that studies the effects various components of the diet such as minerals, vitamins, protein, carbohydrates, fats, dietary supplements, synthetic hormones, and food additives have on neurochemistry, neurobiology, behavior, and cognition.", "Nutritional neuroscience __knowledge__ Recent research on nutritional mechanisms and their effect on the brain show they are involved in almost every facet of neurological functioning including alterations in neurogenesis, neurotrophic factors, neural pathways and neuroplasticity, throughout the life cycle.", "Nutritional neuroscience __knowledge__ Relatively speaking, the brain consumes an immense amount of energy in comparison to the rest of the body.", "Human iron metabolism __knowledge__ Human iron metabolism is the set of chemical reactions that maintain human homeostasis of iron at both the systemic and cellular level.", "Human iron metabolism __knowledge__ The control of this necessary but potentially toxic metal is an important part of many aspects of human health and disease.", "Human iron metabolism __knowledge__ Hematologists have been especially interested in systemic iron metabolism because iron is essential for red blood cells, where most of the human body's iron is contained.", "Human iron metabolism __knowledge__ Understanding iron metabolism is also important for understanding diseases of iron overload, such as hereditary hemochromatosis, and iron deficiency, such as iron deficiency anemia.", "Meat __knowledge__ Meat is animal flesh that is eaten as food.", "Meat __knowledge__ Humans have hunted and killed animals for meat since prehistoric times.", "Meat __knowledge__ The advent of civilization allowed the domestication of animals such as chickens, sheep, rabbits, pigs and cattle.", "Meat __knowledge__ This eventually led to their use in meat production on an industrial scale with the aid of slaughterhouses.", "Meat __knowledge__ Meat is mainly composed of water, protein, and fat.", "Meat __knowledge__ It is edible raw, but is normally eaten after it has been cooked and seasoned or processed in a variety of ways.", "Meat __knowledge__ Unprocessed meat will spoil or rot within hours or days as a result of infection with and decomposition by bacteria and fungi.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cat food is food for consumption by cats.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cats have specific requirements for their dietary nutrients.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Certain nutrients, including many vitamins and amino acids, are degraded by the temperatures, pressures and chemical treatments used during manufacture, and hence must be added after manufacture to avoid nutritional deficiency.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The amino acid taurine, for example, which is found in meat, is degraded during processing, so synthetic taurine is normally added afterwards.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Long-term taurine deficiency may result in retinal degeneration, loss of vision, and cardiac arrest.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The idea of preparing specialized food for cats came later than for dogs (see dog biscuits and dog food).", "Canadian health claims __knowledge__ Canadian health claims by Health Canada, the department of the Government of Canada responsible for national health, has allowed five scientifically verified disease risk reduction claims to be used on food labels and on food advertising.", "Canadian health claims __knowledge__ Other countries, including the United States and Great Britain, have approved similar health claims on food labels.", "Canadian health claims __knowledge__ The Food Directorate of Health Canada is responsible for the development of policies, regulations and standards that relate to the use of health claims on foods.", "Canadian health claims __knowledge__ They assess whether health claims are truthful and not misleading by reviewing mandatory and voluntary pre-market submissions.", "Soybean __knowledge__ Glycine max, commonly known as soybean in North America or soya bean, is a species of legume native to East Asia, widely grown for its edible bean which has numerous uses.", "Soybean __knowledge__ Fat-free (defatted) soybean meal is a significant and cheap source of protein for animal feeds and many packaged meals.", "Soybean __knowledge__ For example, soybean products, such as textured vegetable protein (TVP), are ingredients in many meat and dairy substitutes.", "Soybean __knowledge__ The beans contain significant amounts of phytic acid, dietary minerals and B vitamins.", "Soybean __knowledge__ Soy vegetable oil, used in food and industrial applications, is another product of processing the soybean crop.", "Health effects of tobacco __knowledge__ Tobacco use has predominantly negative effects on human health and concern about health effects of tobacco has a long history.", "Health effects of tobacco __knowledge__ Research has focused primarily on cigarette tobacco smoking.", "Health effects of tobacco __knowledge__ In 1950, Richard Doll published research in the \"British Medical Journal\" showing a close link between smoking and lung cancer.", "Health effects of tobacco __knowledge__ Four years later, in 1954, the British Doctors Study, a study of some 40,000 doctors over 20 years, confirmed the suggestion, based on which the government issued advice that smoking and lung cancer rates were related.", "Health effects of tobacco __knowledge__ Tobacco smoke contains more than fifty chemicals that cause cancer." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Veganism __knowledge__ Veganism is both the practice of abstaining from the use of animal products, particularly in diet, and an associated philosophy that rejects the commodity status of animals.", "Veganism __knowledge__ A follower of either the diet or the philosophy is known as a vegan ( ).", "Veganism __knowledge__ Distinctions are sometimes made between several categories of veganism.", "Veganism __knowledge__ \"Dietary vegans\" (or strict vegetarians) refrain from consuming animal products, not only meat but also eggs, dairy products and other animal-derived substances.", "Veganism __knowledge__ The term \"ethical vegan\" is often applied to those who not only follow a vegan diet but extend the philosophy into other areas of their lives, and oppose the use of animals for any purpose.", "Veganism __knowledge__ Another term is \"environmental veganism\", which refers to the avoidance of animal products on the premise that the harvesting or industrial farming of animals is environmentally damaging and unsustainable.", "Veganism __knowledge__ Well-planned vegan diets can reduce the risk of some types of chronic disease, including heart disease.", "Veganism __knowledge__ They are regarded as appropriate for all stages of life including during infancy and pregnancy by the American Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Dietitians of Canada, and the British Dietetic Association.", "Veganism __knowledge__ The German Society for Nutrition does not recommend vegan diets for children, adolescents nor during pregnancy and breastfeeding.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cat food is food for consumption by cats.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cats have specific requirements for their dietary nutrients.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Certain nutrients, including many vitamins and amino acids, are degraded by the temperatures, pressures and chemical treatments used during manufacture, and hence must be added after manufacture to avoid nutritional deficiency.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The amino acid taurine, for example, which is found in meat, is degraded during processing, so synthetic taurine is normally added afterwards.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Long-term taurine deficiency may result in retinal degeneration, loss of vision, and cardiac arrest.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The idea of preparing specialized food for cats came later than for dogs (see dog biscuits and dog food).", "Nutrition __knowledge__ Nutrition is the science that interprets the interaction of nutrients and other substances in food in relation to maintenance, growth, reproduction, health and disease of an organism.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ It includes food intake, absorption, assimilation, biosynthesis, catabolism, and excretion.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ The diet of an organism is what it eats, which is largely determined by the availability and palatability of foods.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ For humans, a healthy diet includes preparation of food and storage methods that preserve nutrients from oxidation, heat or leaching, and that reduce risk of foodborne illness.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ In humans, an unhealthy diet can cause deficiency-related diseases such as blindness, anemia, scurvy, preterm birth, stillbirth and cretinism, or nutrient excess health-threatening conditions such as obesity and metabolic syndrome; and such common chronic systemic diseases as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and osteoporosis.", "Human nutrition __knowledge__ Human nutrition deals with the provision of essential nutrients in food that are necessary to support human life and health.", "Human nutrition __knowledge__ Generally, people can survive up to 40 days without food, a period largely dependent on the amount of water consumed, stored body fat, muscle mass and genetic factors.", "Human nutrition __knowledge__ Poor nutrition is a chronic problem often linked to poverty, a poor understanding of nutrition and dietary practices, and deficient sanitation and food security.", "Human nutrition __knowledge__ Malnutrition and its consequences are large contributors to deaths and disabilities worldwide.", "Human nutrition __knowledge__ Good nutrition helps children grow physically, promotes human biological development and helps in the eradication of poverty.", "Equine nutrition __knowledge__ Equine nutrition is the feeding of horses, ponies, mules, donkeys, and other equines.", "Equine nutrition __knowledge__ Correct and balanced nutrition is a critical component of proper horse care.", "Equine nutrition __knowledge__ Horses are non-ruminant herbivores of a type known as a \"hindgut fermenter.\"", "Equine nutrition __knowledge__ Horses have only one stomach, as do humans.", "Equine nutrition __knowledge__ However, unlike humans, they also have to utilize plant fiber (largely cellulose) that comes from grass and hay.", "Equine nutrition __knowledge__ Ruminants like cattle are foregut fermenters, and digest fiber in plant matter by use of a multi-chambered stomach, whereas horses use microbial fermentation in a part of the digestive system known as the \"cecum\" (or \"caecum\") to break down the cellulose.", "Preventive healthcare __knowledge__ Preventive healthcare (alternately preventive medicine or prophylaxis) consists of measures taken for disease prevention, as opposed to disease treatment.", "Preventive healthcare __knowledge__ Just as health comprises Each year, millions of people die of preventable deaths.", "Preventive healthcare __knowledge__ A 2004 study showed that about half of all deaths in the United States in 2000 were due to preventable behaviors and exposures.", "Preventive healthcare __knowledge__ Leading causes included cardiovascular disease, chronic respiratory disease, unintentional injuries, diabetes, and certain infectious diseases.", "Preventive healthcare __knowledge__ This same study estimates that 400,000 people die each year in the United States due to poor diet and a sedentary lifestyle.", "Copper in health __knowledge__ Copper is an essential trace element that is vital to the health of all living things (humans, plants, animals, and microorganisms).", "Copper in health __knowledge__ In humans, copper is essential to the proper functioning of organs and metabolic processes.", "Copper in health __knowledge__ The human body has complex homeostatic mechanisms which attempt to ensure a constant supply of available copper, while eliminating excess copper whenever this occurs.", "Copper in health __knowledge__ However, like all essential elements and nutrients, too much or too little nutritional ingestion of copper can result in a corresponding condition of copper excess or deficiency in the body, each of which has its own unique set of adverse health effects.", "Raw feeding __knowledge__ Raw feeding is the practice of feeding domestic dogs, cats and other animals a diet consisting primarily of uncooked meat, edible bones, and organs.", "Raw feeding __knowledge__ The ingredients used to formulate raw diets can vary.", "Raw feeding __knowledge__ Some pet owners choose to make home-made raw diets to feed their animals but commercial raw food diets are also available.", "Raw feeding __knowledge__ The practice of feeding raw diets has raised some concerns due to the risk of food borne illnesses, zoonosis and nutritional imbalances.", "Raw feeding __knowledge__ People who feed their dogs raw food do so for a multitude of reasons, including but not limited to: culture, beliefs surrounding health, nutrition and what is perceived to be more natural for their pets.", "WIC __knowledge__ The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) is a federal assistance program of the Food and Nutrition Service (FNS) of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) for healthcare and nutrition of low-income pregnant women, breastfeeding women, and children under the age of five.", "WIC __knowledge__ (See child nutrition programs.)", "WIC __knowledge__ Their mission is to be a partner with other services that are key to childhood and family well-being The basic eligibility requirement is a family income below 185% of the federal poverty level.", "WIC __knowledge__ Most states allow automatic income eligibility, where a person or family participating in certain benefits programs, such as the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, Medicaid, or Temporary Assistance for Needy Families, may automatically meet the income eligibility requirements.", "Breastfeeding __knowledge__ Breastfeeding, also known as nursing, is the feeding of babies and young children with milk from a woman's breast.", "Breastfeeding __knowledge__ Health professionals recommend that breastfeeding begin within the first hour of a baby's life and continue as often and as much as the baby wants.", "Breastfeeding __knowledge__ During the first few weeks of life babies may nurse roughly every two to three hours.", "Breastfeeding __knowledge__ The duration of a feeding is usually ten to fifteen minutes on each breast.", "Breastfeeding __knowledge__ Older children feed less often.", "Breastfeeding __knowledge__ Mothers may pump milk so that it can be used later when breastfeeding is not possible.", "Breastfeeding __knowledge__ Breastfeeding has a number of benefits to both mother and baby, which infant formula lacks.", "Malnutrition __knowledge__ Malnutrition is a condition that results from eating a diet in which nutrients are either not enough or are too much such that the diet causes health problems.", "Malnutrition __knowledge__ It may involve calories, protein, carbohydrates, vitamins or minerals.", "Malnutrition __knowledge__ Not enough nutrients is called undernutrition or undernourishment while too much is called overnutrition.", "Malnutrition __knowledge__ Malnutrition is often used to specifically refer to undernutrition where an individual is not getting enough calories, protein, or micronutrients.", "Malnutrition __knowledge__ If undernutrition occurs during pregnancy, or before two years of age, it may result in permanent problems with physical and mental development.", "Hepatitis __knowledge__ Hepatitis is inflammation of the liver tissue.", "Hepatitis __knowledge__ Some people have no symptoms whereas others develop yellow discoloration of the skin and whites of the eyes, poor appetite, vomiting, tiredness, abdominal pain, or diarrhea.", "Hepatitis __knowledge__ Hepatitis may be temporary (acute) or long term (chronic) depending on whether it lasts for less than or more than six months.", "Hepatitis __knowledge__ Acute hepatitis can sometimes resolve on its own, progress to chronic hepatitis, or rarely result in acute liver failure.", "Hepatitis __knowledge__ Over time the chronic form may progress to scarring of the liver, liver failure, or liver cancer.", "Hepatitis __knowledge__ The most common cause worldwide is viruses." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Veganism __knowledge__ Veganism is both the practice of abstaining from the use of animal products, particularly in diet, and an associated philosophy that rejects the commodity status of animals.", "Veganism __knowledge__ A follower of either the diet or the philosophy is known as a vegan ( ).", "Veganism __knowledge__ Distinctions are sometimes made between several categories of veganism.", "Veganism __knowledge__ \"Dietary vegans\" (or strict vegetarians) refrain from consuming animal products, not only meat but also eggs, dairy products and other animal-derived substances.", "Veganism __knowledge__ The term \"ethical vegan\" is often applied to those who not only follow a vegan diet but extend the philosophy into other areas of their lives, and oppose the use of animals for any purpose.", "Veganism __knowledge__ Another term is \"environmental veganism\", which refers to the avoidance of animal products on the premise that the harvesting or industrial farming of animals is environmentally damaging and unsustainable.", "Veganism __knowledge__ Well-planned vegan diets can reduce the risk of some types of chronic disease, including heart disease.", "Veganism __knowledge__ They are regarded as appropriate for all stages of life including during infancy and pregnancy by the American Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Dietitians of Canada, and the British Dietetic Association.", "Veganism __knowledge__ The German Society for Nutrition does not recommend vegan diets for children, adolescents nor during pregnancy and breastfeeding.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ is the longest-running noontime variety show in the Philippines.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The show has featured hundreds of segments and competitions since its debut on July 30, 1979.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The following is an incomplete list of the segments of \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ throughout its thirty-eight year run on television.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The segments are organized alphabetically by title.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ It is a special segment that has a similar concept with \"I Object, Your Honor\" and \"I Object, #NasaanAngHustisya?", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \", that tests the cleverness and originality of the \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ hosts.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The hosts are divided into two teams.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ In each round, both teams are given one specific object.", "Solitary (TV series) __knowledge__ Solitary is a reality show on the Fox Reality Channel whose contestants were kept in round-the-clock solitary confinement for a number of weeks with the goal of being the last contestant remaining in solitary, for a $50,000 prize.", "Solitary (TV series) __knowledge__ It was the channel's first original series commission with its debut on May 29, 2006.", "Solitary (TV series) __knowledge__ The last season, \"Solitary 4.0\", ended on March 20, 2010.", "Solitary (TV series) __knowledge__ A German version is broadcast on German TV channel ProSieben.", "Solitary (TV series) __knowledge__ Solitary 3.0 also broadcast in Singapore.", "Solitary (TV series) __knowledge__ The show calls itself a \"social experiment\" in determining the physical and mental endurance of the competitors.", "Solitary (TV series) __knowledge__ The show's theme is based on solitary confinement; accordingly, the contestants are placed in isolated pods, with only an artificial intelligence named Val to communicate with.", "Food __knowledge__ Food is any substance consumed to provide nutritional support for an organism.", "Food __knowledge__ It is usually of plant or animal origin, and contains essential nutrients, such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, or minerals.", "Food __knowledge__ The substance is ingested by an organism and assimilated by the organism's cells to provide energy, maintain life, or stimulate growth.", "Food __knowledge__ Historically, humans secured food through two methods: hunting and gathering and agriculture.", "Food __knowledge__ Today, the majority of the food energy required by the ever increasing population of the world is supplied by the food industry.", "Food __knowledge__ Food safety and food security are monitored by agencies like the International Association for Food Protection, World Resources Institute, World Food Programme, Food and Agriculture Organization, and International Food Information Council.", "Iu Mien people __knowledge__ The Iu Mien people are a Southeast Asian subset of the Yao people, a minority group originally from China.", "Iu Mien people __knowledge__ Displaced by the Vietnam War, many settled in the United States from the late 1970s to the mid 1990s.", "Iu Mien people __knowledge__ From China, the Iu Mien migrated to Vietnam, Laos and Thailand.", "Iu Mien people __knowledge__ The Iu Mien people were the first civilization in China according to the chanting song story, \"Iu Mien Elders\", a shaman’s worship book written by Iu Mien elders in ancient Chinese characters.", "Iu Mien people __knowledge__ The Iu Mien nation was located in the southern part of China today known as Guangdong, Guangxi and Hunan provinces and was ruled by the king of the Iu Mien people.", "Bo (parsha) __knowledge__ Bo ( — in Hebrew, the command form of \"go,\" or \"come,\" and the first significant word in the parashah, in ) is the fifteenth weekly Torah portion (, \"parashah\") in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the third in the Book of Exodus.", "Bo (parsha) __knowledge__ The parashah constitutes The parashah tells of the last three plagues on Egypt and the first Passover.", "Bo (parsha) __knowledge__ The parashah is made up of 6,149 Hebrew letters, 1,655 Hebrew words, and 106 verses, and can occupy about 207 lines in a Torah Scroll (, \"Sefer Torah\").", "Bo (parsha) __knowledge__ Jews read it the fifteenth Sabbath after Simchat Torah, generally in January or early February.", "Bo (parsha) __knowledge__ As the parashah describes the first Passover, Jews also read part of the parashah, as the initial Torah reading for the first day of Passover, and another part, as the initial Torah reading for the first intermediate day (\"Chol HaMoed\") of Passover.", "Brown bear __knowledge__ The brown bear (\"Ursus arctos\") is the most widely distributed bear and is found across much of northern Eurasia and North America.", "Brown bear __knowledge__ It is one of the largest living terrestrial members of the order Carnivora, rivaled in body size only by its close cousin, the polar bear (\"Ursus maritimus\"), which is much less variable in size and slightly larger on average.", "Brown bear __knowledge__ The brown bear's principal range includes parts of Russia, Central Asia, China, Canada, the United States (mostly Alaska), Scandinavia, and the Carpathian region (especially Romania), Anatolia, and Caucasus.", "Brown bear __knowledge__ The brown bear is recognized as a national and state animal in several European countries.", "Day of the Dead __knowledge__ The Day of the Dead () is a Mexican holiday celebrated throughout Mexico, in particular the Central and South regions, and by people of Mexican ancestry living in other places, especially the United States.", "Day of the Dead __knowledge__ It is acknowledged internationally in many other cultures.", "Day of the Dead __knowledge__ The multi-day holiday focuses on gatherings of family and friends to pray for and remember friends and family members who have died, and help support their spiritual journey.", "Day of the Dead __knowledge__ In 2008, the tradition was inscribed in the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO.", "Day of the Dead __knowledge__ The holiday is sometimes called \"Día de los Muertos\" in Anglophone countries, a back-translation of its original name, \"Día de Muertos\".", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism is the practice of abstaining from the consumption of meat (red meat, poultry, seafood, and the flesh of any other animal), and may also include abstention from by-products of animal slaughter.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism may be adopted for various reasons.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Many people object to eating meat out of respect for sentient life.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Such ethical motivations have been codified under various religious beliefs, as well as animal rights advocacy.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Other motivations for vegetarianism are health-related, political, environmental, cultural, aesthetic, economic, or personal preference.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ There are variations of the diet as well: an ovo-lacto vegetarian diet includes both eggs and dairy products, an ovo-vegetarian diet includes eggs but not dairy products, and a lacto-vegetarian diet includes dairy products but not eggs.", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ Vegetarianism is strongly linked with a number of religions that originated in ancient India (Jainism, Hinduism and Buddhism).", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ In Jainism, vegetarianism is mandatory for everyone; in Hinduism and Mahayana Buddhism, it is advocated by some influential scriptures and religious authorities.", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ Comparatively, in the Abrahamic religions (Judaism, Christianity, and Islam), the Bahá'í Faith and Dharmic religions such as Sikhism, vegetarianism is not promoted by mainstream authorities, although in all these faiths there are small groups actively promoting vegetarianism on religious grounds.", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ Most Indian religions have philosophical schools that forbid consumption of meat and Jainism institutes an outright ban on the same.", "Vegetarianism by country __knowledge__ This article deals with vegetarianism and veganism by country, comparing the prevalence of vegetarianism and veganism in each country when sources are available by the number of vegetarians and vegans, and listing food standards, laws and general cultural attitudes.", "Vegetarianism by country __knowledge__ Some countries have strong cultural or religious traditions that promote vegetarianism, such as in India, while in other countries secular ethical concerns dominate, including animal rights and environmental protection, along with health concerns.", "Vegetarianism by country __knowledge__ In many countries, food labeling laws make it easier for vegetarians to identify foods compatible with their diets.", "Ethics of eating meat __knowledge__ In most societies the great majority of people eat meat when they can get it, but increasing controversy and debate has arisen over the ethics of eating animals.", "Ethics of eating meat __knowledge__ The most commonly given ethical objection to meat-eating is that, for most people living in the developed world, it is not necessary for survival or health; slaughtering animals solely because people enjoy the taste of meat is argued by some to be wrong and morally unjustifiable.", "Ethics of eating meat __knowledge__ Ethical vegetarians and ethical vegans may also object to the practices underlying the production of meat, or cite their concerns about animal welfare, animal rights, environmental ethics, and religious reasons.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cat food is food for consumption by cats.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cats have specific requirements for their dietary nutrients.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Certain nutrients, including many vitamins and amino acids, are degraded by the temperatures, pressures and chemical treatments used during manufacture, and hence must be added after manufacture to avoid nutritional deficiency.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The amino acid taurine, for example, which is found in meat, is degraded during processing, so synthetic taurine is normally added afterwards.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Long-term taurine deficiency may result in retinal degeneration, loss of vision, and cardiac arrest.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The idea of preparing specialized food for cats came later than for dogs (see dog biscuits and dog food).", "Meat __knowledge__ Meat is animal flesh that is eaten as food.", "Meat __knowledge__ Humans have hunted and killed animals for meat since prehistoric times.", "Meat __knowledge__ The advent of civilization allowed the domestication of animals such as chickens, sheep, rabbits, pigs and cattle.", "Meat __knowledge__ This eventually led to their use in meat production on an industrial scale with the aid of slaughterhouses.", "Meat __knowledge__ Meat is mainly composed of water, protein, and fat.", "Meat __knowledge__ It is edible raw, but is normally eaten after it has been cooked and seasoned or processed in a variety of ways.", "Meat __knowledge__ Unprocessed meat will spoil or rot within hours or days as a result of infection with and decomposition by bacteria and fungi." ] ]

[ 1, 7, 9, 4, 5 ]

[ "Veganism is the practice of abstaining from using animal products. Which would include your diet, and often, any use of animals that isn't for companionship.", "No, I like meat too much. But, I know some vegans, and I don't doubt it does help reduce some health risks, especially heart disease, but I also agree you need that protein from meat.", "And even though many nutritional societies approve veganism, The German Society for Nutrition actually doesn't recommend it for children, adoloscents, pregnant women or breastfeeding women.", "Well, I agree. A dietary vegan not only doesn't eat meat, but they don't eat eggs, any dairy or anything derived from an animal. That takes away all tasteful things!", "ME too! An ethical vegan is basically the same as a dietary vegan, but they also oppose the use of animals for any reason. " ]

[ "Veganism", "Veganism", "Veganism", "Veganism", "Veganism" ]

[ "Betta\nHi, I have a betta fish. ", "I agree, they also dont need much food so they are low maintenance (unlike my wife).", "Siamese fighting fish? Can you tell me more about this? ", "I see, perhaps they might serve better as food than pets. Would you agree?", "Thats is rather shocking! I wonder what evolutionary purpose such aggression may have served. " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Betta __knowledge__ Betta is a large genus of small, often colorful, freshwater ray-finned fishes in the gourami family (Osphronemidae).", "Betta __knowledge__ The best known \"Betta\" species is \"B. splendens,\" commonly known as the Siamese fighting fish.", "Betta __knowledge__ All the \"Betta\" species are small fishes, but they vary considerably in size, ranging from under 2.5 cm (1 in) total length in \"B. chanoides\" to 12.5 cm (5 in) in the Akar betta (\"B. akarensis\").", "Betta __knowledge__ Bettas are anabantoids, which means they can breathe atmospheric air using a unique organ called the labyrinth.", "Betta __knowledge__ This accounts for their ability to thrive in low-oxygen water conditions that would kill most other fish, such as rice paddies, slow-moving streams, drainage ditches, and large puddles.", "Betta __knowledge__ The bettas exhibit two kinds spawning behaviour: some build bubble nests, such as \"B. splendens\", while others are mouthbrooders, such as \"B. picta\".", "Betta __knowledge__ The mouthbrooding species are sometimes called \"pseudo bettas\", and are sometimes speculated to have evolved from the nest-builders in an adaptation to their fast-moving stream habitats.", "Betta __knowledge__ A phylogenetic study published in 2004 concluded tentatively that bubble-nesting was the ancestral condition in \"Betta\", and that mouthbrooding has evolved on more than one occasion in the history of the genus.", "Siamese fighting fish __knowledge__ The Siamese fighting fish (\"Betta splendens\"), also sometimes colloquially known as the betta, is a species in the gourami family which is popular as an aquarium fish.", "Siamese fighting fish __knowledge__ Bettas can be territorial fish and are prone to high levels of aggression towards each other.", "Siamese fighting fish __knowledge__ Two males in proximity will almost always attack each other, if they do not have the ability to escape this will usually result in the death of one or both of the fish.", "Siamese fighting fish __knowledge__ Female bettas can also become territorial towards each other if they are housed in too small an aquarium.", "Siamese fighting fish __knowledge__ It is typically not recommended to keep male and female bettas together, except temporarily for breeding purposes which should always be undertaken with caution.", "Betta Living __knowledge__ Betta Living was a home improvement retailer based in Oldham, Greater Manchester with stores in more than 70 towns and cities throughout England and Wales until it went bust in November 2016.", "Betta Living __knowledge__ Betta Living was owned by Dean House PLC and designs, manufactures and installs fitted kitchens, bedrooms and bathrooms.", "Betta Living __knowledge__ Betta Living’s fittings were manufactured in Lancashire Betta Living was formed in 1966 under the name ‘Betta Bedrooms’ and remained that way until in 2000 it was taken over by current chairman, Noel Dean.", "Betta Living __knowledge__ Dean merged Better Bedrooms with his own company, the English Kitchen Company which he started in 1984.", "King betta __knowledge__ The king betta is a popular aquarium fish of unknown provenance.", "King betta __knowledge__ The King betta generally grows to about 5–6 cm (2–2 1/2 in).", "King betta __knowledge__ Its pigments are generally vibrant beige to a white.", "King betta __knowledge__ As with most bettas, King betta females are smaller and less colorful than the males.", "King betta __knowledge__ The life span of the King betta is short, generally 2–3 years, rarely reaching four.", "King betta __knowledge__ The King betta is (as are all other bettas) members of the gourami family (Osphronemidae) and prefers a temperature of 80–90 °F.", "King betta __knowledge__ Hardly anything is known about the King betta.", "King betta __knowledge__ Some people say that \"Betta raja\" and \"Betta splendens\" cross bred in nature to create the King betta we know today.", "Emerald green betta __knowledge__ The emerald green betta or blue betta, \"Betta smaragdina\", is a species of betta fish native to Southeast Asia, where they are found in the basins of the Mekong and the Chao Phraya.", "Emerald green betta __knowledge__ This species grows to a length of .", "Emerald green betta __knowledge__ This species is also found in the aquarium trade.", "Betta rutilans __knowledge__ Betta rutilans is a species of gourami endemic to Indonesia.", "Betta rutilans __knowledge__ Their habitat is blackwater streams and peat swamp forests with very little sunlight.", "Betta rutilans __knowledge__ Their name \"rutilans\" is Latin for \"reddish\", \"grow red\", or \"being red\".", "Betta rutilans __knowledge__ They typically grow up to TL in length.", "Betta rutilans __knowledge__ Like their name implies, they are typically solid red with males of the species being more intensely colored, but a few rarely have green side.", "Betta rutilans __knowledge__ Males have more-so pointed dorsal fins and longer pelvic fins.", "Betta rutilans __knowledge__ Females are generally rounder and have an egg tube.", "Betta rutilans __knowledge__ They will consume insects and small invertebrate.", "Betta rutilans __knowledge__ Like most Betta fish, they breed in bubble-nests built to house the fry.", "Fishkeeping __knowledge__ Fishkeeping is a popular hobby, practiced by aquarists, concerned with keeping fish in a home aquarium or garden pond.", "Fishkeeping __knowledge__ There is also a piscicultural fishkeeping industry, as a branch of agriculture.", "Fishkeeping __knowledge__ Fish have been raised as food in pools and ponds for thousands of years.", "Fishkeeping __knowledge__ Brightly colored or tame specimens of fish in these pools have sometimes been valued as pets rather than food.", "Fishkeeping __knowledge__ Many other cultures kept fish for both functional and decorative purposes.", "Fishkeeping __knowledge__ Ancient Sumerians kept wild-caught fish in ponds, before preparing them for meals.", "Fishkeeping __knowledge__ Depictions of the sacred fish of Oxyrhynchus kept in captivity in rectangular temple pools have been found in ancient Egyptian art." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Betta __knowledge__ Betta is a large genus of small, often colorful, freshwater ray-finned fishes in the gourami family (Osphronemidae).", "Betta __knowledge__ The best known \"Betta\" species is \"B. splendens,\" commonly known as the Siamese fighting fish.", "Betta __knowledge__ All the \"Betta\" species are small fishes, but they vary considerably in size, ranging from under 2.5 cm (1 in) total length in \"B. chanoides\" to 12.5 cm (5 in) in the Akar betta (\"B. akarensis\").", "Betta __knowledge__ Bettas are anabantoids, which means they can breathe atmospheric air using a unique organ called the labyrinth.", "Betta __knowledge__ This accounts for their ability to thrive in low-oxygen water conditions that would kill most other fish, such as rice paddies, slow-moving streams, drainage ditches, and large puddles.", "Betta __knowledge__ The bettas exhibit two kinds spawning behaviour: some build bubble nests, such as \"B. splendens\", while others are mouthbrooders, such as \"B. picta\".", "Betta __knowledge__ The mouthbrooding species are sometimes called \"pseudo bettas\", and are sometimes speculated to have evolved from the nest-builders in an adaptation to their fast-moving stream habitats.", "Betta __knowledge__ A phylogenetic study published in 2004 concluded tentatively that bubble-nesting was the ancestral condition in \"Betta\", and that mouthbrooding has evolved on more than one occasion in the history of the genus.", "French pronouns __knowledge__ French pronouns are inflected to indicate their role in the sentence (subject, direct object, and so on), as well as to reflect the person, gender, and number of their referents.", "French pronouns __knowledge__ French has a complex system of personal pronouns (analogous to English \"I\", \"we\", \"they\", and so on).", "French pronouns __knowledge__ When compared to English, the particularities of French personal pronouns include: Possessive pronouns refer to an object (or person) by identifying its possessor.", "French pronouns __knowledge__ They lexically indicate the person and number of the possessor, and like other pronouns they are inflected to indicate the gender and number of their referent.", "Food bank __knowledge__ A food bank or foodbank is a non-profit, charitable organization that distributes food to those who have difficulty purchasing enough food to avoid hunger.", "Food bank __knowledge__ In North America and Australia, food banks usually operate on the \"warehouse\" model.", "Food bank __knowledge__ They act as food storage and distribution depots for smaller front line agencies; and usually do not themselves give out food directly to the hungry.", "Food bank __knowledge__ After the food is collected, sorted, and reviewed for quality, these food banks distribute it to non-profit community or government agencies, including \"food pantries\", \"food closets\", soup kitchens, homeless shelters, orphanages, and schools.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The 2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team (variously \"Alabama\", \"UA\", \"Bama\" or \"The Tide\") represented the University of Alabama in the 2011 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ It was the Crimson Tide's 117th overall and 78th season as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and its 20th within the SEC Western Division.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The team was led by head coach Nick Saban, in his fifth year, and played their home games at Bryant–Denny Stadium in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ They finished the season with a record of twelve wins and one loss (12–1 overall, 7–1 in the SEC) and as consensus national champions.", "Food waste __knowledge__ Food waste or food loss is food that is discarded or lost uneaten.", "Food waste __knowledge__ The causes of food waste or loss are numerous, and occur at the stages of production, processing, retailing and consumption.", "Food waste __knowledge__ Global food loss and waste amounts to between one-third and one-half of all food produced.", "Food waste __knowledge__ Loss and wastage occurs at all stages of the food supply chain or value chain.", "Food waste __knowledge__ In low-income countries, most loss occurs during production, while in developed countries much food – about per person per year – is wasted at the consumption stage.", "Food waste __knowledge__ Generally, food loss or food waste is food that is lost during any of the four stages of the food supply chain: (1) growers, (2) processors, (3) retailers, and (4) consumers.", "DONT __knowledge__ In the card game contract bridge, DONT is a conventional overcall used to interfere with an opponent's one notrump (1NT) opening bid.", "DONT __knowledge__ DONT, an acronym for Disturb Opponents' Notrump, was designed by Marty Bergen, and is therefore also referred to as \"Bergen over Notrump\".", "DONT __knowledge__ Although the method is often criticized for being too nebulous, it remains fairly popular.", "DONT __knowledge__ The convention was first published in the September/October 1989 issue of \"Bridge Today\".", "DONT __knowledge__ In DONT, the two-level overcalls of trump show a two suiter of the suit bid and an unspecified higher-ranking suit.", "DONT __knowledge__ The feature distinguishing DONT from other similar conventions such as Cappelletti is the use of the double to show length in one suit, rather than hand strength or for .", "Copper in architecture __knowledge__ Copper has earned a respected place in the related fields of architecture, building construction, and interior design.", "Copper in architecture __knowledge__ From cathedrals to castles and from homes to offices, copper is used for a variety of architectural elements, including roofs, flashings, gutters, downspouts, domes, spires, vaults, wall cladding, and building expansion joints.", "Copper in architecture __knowledge__ The history of copper in architecture can be linked to its durability, corrosion resistance, prestigious appearance, and ability to form complex shapes.", "Copper in architecture __knowledge__ For centuries, craftsmen and designers utilized these attributes to build aesthetically pleasing and long-lasting building systems.", "Red-tailed hawk __knowledge__ The red-tailed hawk (\"Buteo jamaicensis\") is a bird of prey that breeds throughout most of North America, from the interior of Alaska and northern Canada to as far south as Panama and the West Indies.", "Red-tailed hawk __knowledge__ It is one of the most common members within the genus of \"Buteo\" in North America or worldwide.", "Red-tailed hawk __knowledge__ The red-tailed hawk is one of three species colloquially known in the United States as the \"chickenhawk,\" though it rarely preys on standard-sized chickens.", "Red-tailed hawk __knowledge__ The bird is sometimes also referred to as the red-tail for short, when the meaning is clear in context.", "Red-tailed hawk __knowledge__ Red-tailed hawks can acclimate to all the biomes within their range, occurring on the edges of non-ideal habitats such as dense forests and sandy deserts.", "Aquarium __knowledge__ An aquarium (plural: \"aquariums\" or \"aquaria\") is a vivarium of any size having at least one transparent side in which aquatic plants or animals are kept and displayed.", "Aquarium __knowledge__ Fishkeepers use aquaria to keep fish, invertebrates, amphibians, aquatic reptiles such as turtles, and aquatic plants.", "Aquarium __knowledge__ The term \"aquarium\", coined by English naturalist Philip Henry Gosse, combines the Latin root \"aqua\", meaning water, with the suffix \"-arium\", meaning \"a place for relating to\".", "Aquarium __knowledge__ The aquarium principle was fully developed in 1850 by the chemist Robert Warington, who explained that plants added to water in a container would give off enough oxygen to support animals, so long as the numbers of animals did not grow too large.", "Fishkeeping __knowledge__ Fishkeeping is a popular hobby, practiced by aquarists, concerned with keeping fish in a home aquarium or garden pond.", "Fishkeeping __knowledge__ There is also a piscicultural fishkeeping industry, as a branch of agriculture.", "Fishkeeping __knowledge__ Fish have been raised as food in pools and ponds for thousands of years.", "Fishkeeping __knowledge__ Brightly colored or tame specimens of fish in these pools have sometimes been valued as pets rather than food.", "Fishkeeping __knowledge__ Many other cultures kept fish for both functional and decorative purposes.", "Fishkeeping __knowledge__ Ancient Sumerians kept wild-caught fish in ponds, before preparing them for meals.", "Fishkeeping __knowledge__ Depictions of the sacred fish of Oxyrhynchus kept in captivity in rectangular temple pools have been found in ancient Egyptian art.", "Cormorant __knowledge__ Phalacrocoracidae is a family of some 40 species of aquatic birds commonly known as cormorants and shags.", "Cormorant __knowledge__ Several different classifications of the family have been proposed recently, and the number of genera is disputed.", "Cormorant __knowledge__ There is no consistent distinction between \"cormorants\" and \"shags\" as these appellations have been assigned to different species in these genera at various points in time.", "Cormorant __knowledge__ Cormorants and shags are medium-to-large birds, with body weight in the range of and wing span of .", "Cormorant __knowledge__ The majority of species have dark feathers.", "Cormorant __knowledge__ The bill is long, thin and hooked.", "Cormorant __knowledge__ Their feet have webbing between all four toes.", "Marine aquarium __knowledge__ A marine aquarium is an aquarium that keeps marine plants and animals in a contained environment.", "Marine aquarium __knowledge__ Marine aquaria are further subdivided by hobbyists into fish only (FO), fish only with live rock (FOWLR), and reef aquaria.", "Marine aquarium __knowledge__ Fish only tanks often showcase large or aggressive marine fish species and generally rely on mechanical and chemical filtration.", "Marine aquarium __knowledge__ FOWLR and reef tanks use live rock, a material composed of coral skeletons harboring beneficial nitrogen waste metabolizing bacteria, as a means of more natural biological filtration.", "Marine aquarium __knowledge__ Marine fishkeeping is different from its freshwater counterpart because of the fundamental differences in the constitution of saltwater and the resulting differences in the adaptation of its inhabitants.", "Flowerhorn cichlid __knowledge__ Flowerhorn cichlids are ornamental aquarium fish noted for their vivid colors and the distinctively shaped heads for which they are named.", "Flowerhorn cichlid __knowledge__ Their head protuberance, or \"kok\", is formally termed a \"nuchal hump.\"", "Flowerhorn cichlid __knowledge__ Like blood parrot cichlids, they are man-made hybrids that exist in the wild only because of their release.", "Flowerhorn cichlid __knowledge__ First developed in Malaysia, Thailand, and Taiwan, they became very popular with Asian fish hobbyists.", "Flowerhorn cichlid __knowledge__ They are also kept by hobbyists in the US and Europe, but their importation is banned in Australia.", "Flowerhorn cichlid __knowledge__ Some cichlid hobbyists have questioned the impact of flowerhorn breeding programs and their impact on the health and reproduction of the animals, and on natural fish species.", "List of marine aquarium fish species __knowledge__ The following list of marine aquarium fish species commonly available in the aquarium trade is not a completely comprehensive list; certain rare specimens may available commercially yet not be listed here.", "List of marine aquarium fish species __knowledge__ A brief section on each, with a link to the page about the particular species is provided along with references for further information.", "List of marine aquarium fish species __knowledge__ These large fish are considered to be quite hardy, but because of their size may present a significant challenge to the keeper.", "List of marine aquarium fish species __knowledge__ They need huge aquariums, up to 180 gallons to house one for its entire lifespan.", "List of marine aquarium fish species __knowledge__ Two angels might be kept in the same aquarium provided it is a large aquarium, they are properly acclimated as juveniles, and they have very different colouring and body shape.", "Monterey Bay Aquarium __knowledge__ Monterey Bay Aquarium is a nonprofit public aquarium in Monterey, California.", "Monterey Bay Aquarium __knowledge__ The aquarium is known for its regional focus on the marine habitats of Monterey Bay, being the first institution to exhibit a living kelp forest.", "Monterey Bay Aquarium __knowledge__ Its biologists have pioneered the animal husbandry of jellyfish and, , it remains the only public aquarium to have successfully exhibited a great white shark for longer than 16 days.", "Monterey Bay Aquarium __knowledge__ The aquarium participates in various animal breeding programs, publishes scientific research, and hosts and partakes in conferences.", "Monterey Bay Aquarium __knowledge__ Seafood Watch, the aquarium's seafood consumer awareness program, has had an influential role among consumers and businesses in enhancing sustainable fishing practices." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Betta __knowledge__ Betta is a large genus of small, often colorful, freshwater ray-finned fishes in the gourami family (Osphronemidae).", "Betta __knowledge__ The best known \"Betta\" species is \"B. splendens,\" commonly known as the Siamese fighting fish.", "Betta __knowledge__ All the \"Betta\" species are small fishes, but they vary considerably in size, ranging from under 2.5 cm (1 in) total length in \"B. chanoides\" to 12.5 cm (5 in) in the Akar betta (\"B. akarensis\").", "Betta __knowledge__ Bettas are anabantoids, which means they can breathe atmospheric air using a unique organ called the labyrinth.", "Betta __knowledge__ This accounts for their ability to thrive in low-oxygen water conditions that would kill most other fish, such as rice paddies, slow-moving streams, drainage ditches, and large puddles.", "Betta __knowledge__ The bettas exhibit two kinds spawning behaviour: some build bubble nests, such as \"B. splendens\", while others are mouthbrooders, such as \"B. picta\".", "Betta __knowledge__ The mouthbrooding species are sometimes called \"pseudo bettas\", and are sometimes speculated to have evolved from the nest-builders in an adaptation to their fast-moving stream habitats.", "Betta __knowledge__ A phylogenetic study published in 2004 concluded tentatively that bubble-nesting was the ancestral condition in \"Betta\", and that mouthbrooding has evolved on more than one occasion in the history of the genus.", "Siamese fighting fish __knowledge__ The Siamese fighting fish (\"Betta splendens\"), also sometimes colloquially known as the betta, is a species in the gourami family which is popular as an aquarium fish.", "Siamese fighting fish __knowledge__ Bettas can be territorial fish and are prone to high levels of aggression towards each other.", "Siamese fighting fish __knowledge__ Two males in proximity will almost always attack each other, if they do not have the ability to escape this will usually result in the death of one or both of the fish.", "Siamese fighting fish __knowledge__ Female bettas can also become territorial towards each other if they are housed in too small an aquarium.", "Siamese fighting fish __knowledge__ It is typically not recommended to keep male and female bettas together, except temporarily for breeding purposes which should always be undertaken with caution.", "Anabantoidei __knowledge__ The Anabantoidei are a suborder of anabantiform ray-finned freshwater fish distinguished by their possession of a lung-like labyrinth organ, which enables them to breathe air.", "Anabantoidei __knowledge__ The fish in the Anabantoidei suborder are known as anabantoids or labyrinth fish.", "Anabantoidei __knowledge__ Some labyrinth fish are important food fish, and many others, such as the Siamese fighting fish and paradise fish, are popular as aquarium fish.", "Anabantoidei __knowledge__ The labyrinth organ, a defining characteristic of fish in the suborder Anabantoidei, is a much-folded suprabranchial accessory breathing organ.", "Anabantoidei __knowledge__ It is formed by vascularized expansion of the epibranchial bone of the first gill arch and used for respiration in air.", "Siamese (band) __knowledge__ Siamese (initially named Siamese Fighting Fish also known as SIFIFI) is a Danish rock and metal band.", "Siamese (band) __knowledge__ They are signed to Warner Music USA, Avalon Label in Japan and Prime Collective EU.", "Siamese (band) __knowledge__ They released their debut critically acclaimed album \"We Are the Sound\" on 31 January 2011 followed by a tour of Denmark, Sweden, Germany, Benelux and Italy.", "Siamese (band) __knowledge__ Their second album is \"Breathe:See:Move\" released on 20 August 2012 with \"The World Might Have Seen Better Days\" being the first single from the album.", "Siamese (band) __knowledge__ In 2014, the band chenged its name from Siamese Fighting Fish to Siamese.", "Siamese (band) __knowledge__ On January 19 2015 the band released a self-titled album \"Siamese\" funded via an Indiegogo crowdfunding campaign.", "Rumble Fish __knowledge__ Rumble Fish is a 1983 American drama film directed by Francis Ford Coppola.", "Rumble Fish __knowledge__ It is based on the novel \"Rumble Fish\" by S. E. Hinton, who also co-wrote the screenplay.", "Rumble Fish __knowledge__ The film centers on the relationship between Motorcycle Boy (Mickey Rourke), a revered former gang leader wishing to live a more peaceful life, and his younger brother, Rusty James (Matt Dillon), a teenaged hoodlum who aspires to become as feared as Motorcycle Boy.", "Rumble Fish __knowledge__ Coppola wrote the screenplay for the film with Hinton on his days off from shooting \"The Outsiders\".", "Rumble Fish __knowledge__ He made the films back-to-back, retaining much of the same cast and crew.", "Paul Matte __knowledge__ Paul Matte (1854–1922) was a German tropical fish expert, importer, and fish breeder, and was a pioneer in the importing and breeding of the first tropical fish species to reach Europe.", "Paul Matte __knowledge__ He lived in Berlin-Lankwitz, Germany.", "Paul Matte __knowledge__ In 1866 he imported the first goldfish (\"Carassius auratus\") to Germany from Japan, and the offspring were referred to as the \"Matte-strain\".", "Paul Matte __knowledge__ He was the first to breed the Paradise fish and Siamese fighting fish in Germany.", "Paul Matte __knowledge__ In 1896 he imported ten pairs of Siamese fighting fish (\"Betta splendens\") to Germany from Moscow, from the strain bred by Pierre Carbonnier in France.", "Paul Matte __knowledge__ In 1897 he imported and bred the first specimens of the banded gourami (\"Trichogaster fasciata\") to Europe.", "Wrestling halfbeak __knowledge__ The wrestling halfbeak (\"Dermogenys pusilla\") also known as Malayan halfbeak is a species of viviparous halfbeak native to the fresh and brackish waters of rivers and coastal regions in South-East Asia, in Singapore, Thailand, Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, Borneo and Sumatra.", "Wrestling halfbeak __knowledge__ It is a small, slender, livebearing fish, with the elongated lower jaw characteristic of its family.", "Wrestling halfbeak __knowledge__ The colour of this species varies, depending on where the specimen is found.", "Wrestling halfbeak __knowledge__ Wrestling halfbeaks are surface-feeding fish and feed on a variety of small invertebrates including crustaceans and insect larvae, but especially mosquito larvae and flying insects that have fallen onto the surface of the water.", "Fishkeeping __knowledge__ Fishkeeping is a popular hobby, practiced by aquarists, concerned with keeping fish in a home aquarium or garden pond.", "Fishkeeping __knowledge__ There is also a piscicultural fishkeeping industry, as a branch of agriculture.", "Fishkeeping __knowledge__ Fish have been raised as food in pools and ponds for thousands of years.", "Fishkeeping __knowledge__ Brightly colored or tame specimens of fish in these pools have sometimes been valued as pets rather than food.", "Fishkeeping __knowledge__ Many other cultures kept fish for both functional and decorative purposes.", "Fishkeeping __knowledge__ Ancient Sumerians kept wild-caught fish in ponds, before preparing them for meals.", "Fishkeeping __knowledge__ Depictions of the sacred fish of Oxyrhynchus kept in captivity in rectangular temple pools have been found in ancient Egyptian art." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Betta __knowledge__ Betta is a large genus of small, often colorful, freshwater ray-finned fishes in the gourami family (Osphronemidae).", "Betta __knowledge__ The best known \"Betta\" species is \"B. splendens,\" commonly known as the Siamese fighting fish.", "Betta __knowledge__ All the \"Betta\" species are small fishes, but they vary considerably in size, ranging from under 2.5 cm (1 in) total length in \"B. chanoides\" to 12.5 cm (5 in) in the Akar betta (\"B. akarensis\").", "Betta __knowledge__ Bettas are anabantoids, which means they can breathe atmospheric air using a unique organ called the labyrinth.", "Betta __knowledge__ This accounts for their ability to thrive in low-oxygen water conditions that would kill most other fish, such as rice paddies, slow-moving streams, drainage ditches, and large puddles.", "Betta __knowledge__ The bettas exhibit two kinds spawning behaviour: some build bubble nests, such as \"B. splendens\", while others are mouthbrooders, such as \"B. picta\".", "Betta __knowledge__ The mouthbrooding species are sometimes called \"pseudo bettas\", and are sometimes speculated to have evolved from the nest-builders in an adaptation to their fast-moving stream habitats.", "Betta __knowledge__ A phylogenetic study published in 2004 concluded tentatively that bubble-nesting was the ancestral condition in \"Betta\", and that mouthbrooding has evolved on more than one occasion in the history of the genus.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ The following is a list of episodes from the American animated children's television series, \"Wonder Pets!\".", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ It debuted on March 3, 2006, on the Nick Jr. block of the Nickelodeon cable television network and Noggin (now Nick Jr.) on December 27, 2006.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ 1.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ Save the Dolphin!/Save the Chimp!", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ (Air Date 9/18/06) The Wonder Pets travel to Hawaii to save a baby dolphin caught in a fishing net who is in danger of drowning.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ The Wonder Pets rig their Flyboat for space travel and head for the stars to rescue a baby chimp whose spaceship is about to be hit by a meteor!", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ (Fact: Christine Ka'aloa plays the mother dolphin in this first episode.)", "Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet __knowledge__ Field Marshal Sir Henry Hughes Wilson, 1st Baronet, (5 May 1864 – 22 June 1922) was one of the most senior British Army staff officers of the First World War and was briefly an Irish unionist politician.", "Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet __knowledge__ Wilson served as Commandant of the Staff College, Camberley, and then as Director of Military Operations at the War Office, in which post he played a vital role in drawing up plans to deploy an Expeditionary Force to France in the event of war.", "Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet __knowledge__ During these years Wilson acquired a reputation as a political intriguer for his role in agitating for the introduction of conscription and in the Curragh incident of 1914, when he encouraged senior officers to resign rather than move against the Ulster Volunteers (UVF).", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "2007 pet food recalls __knowledge__ The 2007 pet food recalls comprise the contamination and wide recall of many brands of cat and dog foods beginning in March 2007, and the ensuing developments involving the human food supply.", "2007 pet food recalls __knowledge__ The recalls in North America, Europe, and South Africa came in response to reports of renal failure in pets.", "2007 pet food recalls __knowledge__ Initially, the recalls were associated with the consumption of mostly wet pet foods made with wheat gluten from a single Chinese company.", "2007 pet food recalls __knowledge__ After more than three weeks of complaints from consumers, the recall began voluntarily with the Canadian company Menu Foods on 16 March 2007, when a company test showed sickness and death in some of the test animals.", "Cat __knowledge__ The domestic cat (\"Felis silvestris catus\" or \"Felis catus\") is a small, typically furry, carnivorous mammal.", "Cat __knowledge__ They are often called house cats when kept as indoor pets or simply cats when there is no need to distinguish them from other felids and felines.", "Cat __knowledge__ They are often valued by humans for companionship and for their ability to hunt vermin.", "Cat __knowledge__ There are more than seventy cat breeds recognized by various cat registries.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats are similar in anatomy to the other felids, with a strong flexible body, quick reflexes, sharp retractable claws, and teeth adapted to killing small prey.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cat senses fit a crepuscular and predatory ecological niche.", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that first appeared in the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\" in 2017, by order of first appearance.", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ All characters are introduced by the show's executive producer Sean O'Connor or, from 27 November, his successor as executive consultant, John Yorke.", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ The first character to be introduced was Keegan Baker (Zack Morris), a friend of Shakil Kazemi (Shaheen Jafargholi), followed by Emerald Fox (Doña Croll), the mother of Denise Fox (Diane Parish) and Kim Fox-Hubbard (Tameka Empson).", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ Madison Drake (Seraphina Beh), Alexandra D'Costa (Sydney Craven) and Travis Law-Hughes (Alex James-Phelps), three new teenage characters, were also introduced in January as well as their school teacher Mr Gethin Pryce (Cerith Flinn) and Hugo Browning (Simon Williams), the chairman of Weyland & Co.", "Scout prayer __knowledge__ The Boy Scouts of America use many Scout Prayers.", "Scout prayer __knowledge__ All packs/dens/troops should keep a \"Prayer Book\"; one Scout takes it home each week and inscribes in it his own prayer to read out at the end of a meeting.", "Scout prayer __knowledge__ Official prayers are widely used by groups that don't use a Prayer Book or when the Prayer Book is not available.", "Scout prayer __knowledge__ Different groups use slight variations of these.", "Scout prayer __knowledge__ This happens from an incorrect teaching of the prayer, an adaptation for a specific country, or other reasons.", "Scout prayer __knowledge__ Used by the Cub Scout section.", "Scout prayer __knowledge__ Help us, oh lord, to serve you day by day To do our duty and to enjoy our play To keep the cub scout promise and to rest Knowing we tried to do our best.", "Siamese fighting fish __knowledge__ The Siamese fighting fish (\"Betta splendens\"), also sometimes colloquially known as the betta, is a species in the gourami family which is popular as an aquarium fish.", "Siamese fighting fish __knowledge__ Bettas can be territorial fish and are prone to high levels of aggression towards each other.", "Siamese fighting fish __knowledge__ Two males in proximity will almost always attack each other, if they do not have the ability to escape this will usually result in the death of one or both of the fish.", "Siamese fighting fish __knowledge__ Female bettas can also become territorial towards each other if they are housed in too small an aquarium.", "Siamese fighting fish __knowledge__ It is typically not recommended to keep male and female bettas together, except temporarily for breeding purposes which should always be undertaken with caution.", "Radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster __knowledge__ The radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster are the observed and predicted effects resulting from the release of radioactive isotopes from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant after the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami.", "Radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster __knowledge__ Radioactive isotopes were released from reactor containment vessels as a result of venting to reduce gaseous pressure, and the discharge of coolant water into the sea.", "Radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster __knowledge__ This resulted in Japanese authorities implementing a 20 km exclusion zone around the power plant, and the continued displacement of approximately 156,000 people as of early 2013.", "Radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster __knowledge__ Trace quantities of radioactive particles from the incident, including iodine-131 and caesium-134/137, have since been detected around the world.", "Territory (animal) __knowledge__ In ethology, territory is the sociographical area that an animal of a particular species consistently defends against conspecifics (or, occasionally, animals of other species).", "Territory (animal) __knowledge__ Animals that defend territories in this way are referred to as territorial.", "Territory (animal) __knowledge__ Territoriality is only shown by a minority of species.", "Territory (animal) __knowledge__ More commonly, an individual or a group of animals has an area that it habitually uses but does not necessarily defend; this is called the home range.", "Territory (animal) __knowledge__ The home ranges of different groups of animals often overlap, or in the overlap areas, the groups tend to avoid each other rather than seeking to expel each other.", "Dear enemy effect __knowledge__ The dear enemy effect or dear enemy recognition is an ethological phenomenon in which two neighbouring territorial animals become less aggressive toward one another once territorial borders are well-established.", "Dear enemy effect __knowledge__ As territory owners become accustomed to their neighbours, they expend less time and energy on defensive behaviors directed toward one another.", "Dear enemy effect __knowledge__ However, aggression toward unfamiliar neighbours remains the same.", "Dear enemy effect __knowledge__ Some authors have suggested the dear enemy effect is territory residents displaying lower levels of aggression toward familiar neighbours compared to unfamiliar individuals who are non-territorial \"floaters\".", "Aggression __knowledge__ Aggression is overt, often harmful, social interaction with the intention of inflicting damage or other unpleasantness upon another individual.", "Aggression __knowledge__ It may occur either in retaliation or without provocation.", "Aggression __knowledge__ In humans, frustration due to blocked goals can cause aggression.", "Aggression __knowledge__ Human aggression can be classified into direct and indirect aggression, whilst the first is characterized by physical or verbal behavior intended to cause harm to someone, the second one is characterized by a behavior intended to harm social relations of an individual or a group.", "Aggression __knowledge__ In definitions commonly used in the social sciences and behavioral sciences, aggression is a response by an individual that delivers something unpleasant to another person.", "Meat ant __knowledge__ The meat ant (\"Iridomyrmex purpureus\"), also known as the gravel ant or southern meat ant, is a species of ant endemic to Australia.", "Meat ant __knowledge__ A member of the genus \"Iridomyrmex\" in the subfamily Dolichoderinae, it was described by British entomologist Frederick Smith in 1858.", "Meat ant __knowledge__ The meat ant is associated with many common names due to its appearance, nest-building behaviour and abundance, of which its specific name, \"purpureus\", refers to its coloured appearance.", "Meat ant __knowledge__ It is among the best-known species of ant found throughout Australia; it occurs in almost all states and territories except for Tasmania.", "Meat ant __knowledge__ Its enormous distribution, aggression and ecological importance have made this ant a dominant species.", "Genie (feral child) __knowledge__ Genie (born 1957) is the pseudonym for an American feral child who was a victim of severe abuse, neglect, and social isolation.", "Genie (feral child) __knowledge__ Her circumstances are prominently recorded in the annals of linguistics and abnormal child psychology.", "Genie (feral child) __knowledge__ When she was a baby her father concluded that she was severely mentally retarded, a view which intensified as she got older, causing him to dislike her and withhold care and attention.", "Genie (feral child) __knowledge__ At approximately the time she reached the age of 20 months he decided to keep her as socially isolated as possible as a result of this belief, so from that time until she reached the age of 13 years and 7 months he kept her locked alone in a room." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Betta __knowledge__ Betta is a large genus of small, often colorful, freshwater ray-finned fishes in the gourami family (Osphronemidae).", "Betta __knowledge__ The best known \"Betta\" species is \"B. splendens,\" commonly known as the Siamese fighting fish.", "Betta __knowledge__ All the \"Betta\" species are small fishes, but they vary considerably in size, ranging from under 2.5 cm (1 in) total length in \"B. chanoides\" to 12.5 cm (5 in) in the Akar betta (\"B. akarensis\").", "Betta __knowledge__ Bettas are anabantoids, which means they can breathe atmospheric air using a unique organ called the labyrinth.", "Betta __knowledge__ This accounts for their ability to thrive in low-oxygen water conditions that would kill most other fish, such as rice paddies, slow-moving streams, drainage ditches, and large puddles.", "Betta __knowledge__ The bettas exhibit two kinds spawning behaviour: some build bubble nests, such as \"B. splendens\", while others are mouthbrooders, such as \"B. picta\".", "Betta __knowledge__ The mouthbrooding species are sometimes called \"pseudo bettas\", and are sometimes speculated to have evolved from the nest-builders in an adaptation to their fast-moving stream habitats.", "Betta __knowledge__ A phylogenetic study published in 2004 concluded tentatively that bubble-nesting was the ancestral condition in \"Betta\", and that mouthbrooding has evolved on more than one occasion in the history of the genus.", "Aggression __knowledge__ Aggression is overt, often harmful, social interaction with the intention of inflicting damage or other unpleasantness upon another individual.", "Aggression __knowledge__ It may occur either in retaliation or without provocation.", "Aggression __knowledge__ In humans, frustration due to blocked goals can cause aggression.", "Aggression __knowledge__ Human aggression can be classified into direct and indirect aggression, whilst the first is characterized by physical or verbal behavior intended to cause harm to someone, the second one is characterized by a behavior intended to harm social relations of an individual or a group.", "Aggression __knowledge__ In definitions commonly used in the social sciences and behavioral sciences, aggression is a response by an individual that delivers something unpleasant to another person.", "Workplace aggression __knowledge__ Workplace aggression is a specific type of aggression which occurs in the workplace.", "Workplace aggression __knowledge__ Workplace aggression can include a wide range of behaviors, ranging from verbal acts (e.g., insulting someone or spreading rumors) to physical attacks (e.g., punching or slapping).", "Workplace aggression __knowledge__ Aggression, in general, is any behavior an individual carries out with the intent to harm another person or group of people.", "Workplace aggression __knowledge__ The aggressor must believe that their behavior is harmful to their target, and that the target is motivated to avoid this behavior.", "Workplace aggression __knowledge__ A defining feature of aggression is the intent or motivation to harm.", "Workplace aggression __knowledge__ For a behavior to be considered an aggressive act, the individual committing the behavior must intend harm.", "Fusiform face area __knowledge__ The fusiform face area - FFA (\"meaning\": spindular/spindle-shaped face area) is a part of the human visual system that is specialized for facial recognition.", "Fusiform face area __knowledge__ It is located in the Inferior temporal cortex (IT), in the fusiform gyrus (Brodmann area 37).", "Fusiform face area __knowledge__ The FFA is located in the ventral stream on the ventral surface of the temporal lobe on the lateral side of the fusiform gyrus.", "Fusiform face area __knowledge__ It is lateral to the parahippocampal place area.", "Fusiform face area __knowledge__ It displays some lateralization, usually being larger in the right hemisphere.", "Fusiform face area __knowledge__ The FFA was discovered and continues to be investigated in humans using positron emission tomography (PET) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies.", "Evolutionary psychology __knowledge__ Evolutionary psychology is a theoretical approach in the social and natural sciences that examines psychological structure from a modern evolutionary perspective.", "Evolutionary psychology __knowledge__ It seeks to identify which human psychological traits are evolved adaptations – that is, the functional products of natural selection or sexual selection in human evolution.", "Evolutionary psychology __knowledge__ Adaptationist thinking about physiological mechanisms, such as the heart, lungs, and immune system, is common in evolutionary biology.", "Evolutionary psychology __knowledge__ Some evolutionary psychologists apply the same thinking to psychology, arguing that the modularity of mind is similar to that of the body and with different modular adaptations serving different functions.", "Criticism of evolutionary psychology __knowledge__ Evolutionary psychology has generated substantial controversy and criticism.", "Criticism of evolutionary psychology __knowledge__ The criticism – which has been most forceful from proponents of constructivist, postmodernist and poststructuralist schools of thought – includes but is not limited to: disputes about the testability of evolutionary hypotheses, alternatives to some of the cognitive assumptions (such as massive modularity) frequently employed in evolutionary psychology, alleged vagueness stemming from evolutionary assumptions (such as uncertainty about the environment of evolutionary adaptation), differing stress on the importance of non-genetic and non-adaptive explanations, and political and ethical issues.", "Relational aggression __knowledge__ Relational aggression or alternative aggression is a type of aggression in which harm is caused by damaging someone's relationships or social status.", "Relational aggression __knowledge__ Although it can be used in many contexts and among different age groups, relational aggression among adolescents in particular, has received a lot of attention.", "Relational aggression __knowledge__ The attention relational aggression has received, has been augmented by the help of popular media, including movies like \"Mean Girls\" and books like \"Odd Girl Out\" by R. Simmons (2003), Nesthäkchen and the World War by Else Ury (1916), and \"Queen Bees and Wannabes\" by R. Wiseman (2003).", "Relational aggression __knowledge__ Relational aggression can have various lifelong consequences.", "Psychological abuse __knowledge__ Psychological abuse (also referred to as psychological violence, emotional abuse, or mental abuse) is a form of abuse, characterized by a person subjecting, or exposing, another person to behavior that may result in psychological trauma, including anxiety, chronic depression, or post-traumatic stress disorder.", "Psychological abuse __knowledge__ It is often associated with situations of power imbalance in abusive relationships including bullying, gaslighting and abuse in the workplace.", "Psychological abuse __knowledge__ , there are \"no consensus views about the definition of emotional abuse.\"", "Psychological abuse __knowledge__ As such, clinicians and researchers have offered sometimes divergent definitions of emotional abuse.", "Siamese fighting fish __knowledge__ The Siamese fighting fish (\"Betta splendens\"), also sometimes colloquially known as the betta, is a species in the gourami family which is popular as an aquarium fish.", "Siamese fighting fish __knowledge__ Bettas can be territorial fish and are prone to high levels of aggression towards each other.", "Siamese fighting fish __knowledge__ Two males in proximity will almost always attack each other, if they do not have the ability to escape this will usually result in the death of one or both of the fish.", "Siamese fighting fish __knowledge__ Female bettas can also become territorial towards each other if they are housed in too small an aquarium.", "Siamese fighting fish __knowledge__ It is typically not recommended to keep male and female bettas together, except temporarily for breeding purposes which should always be undertaken with caution.", "List of minor Angel characters __knowledge__ This article features minor fictional characters who appear as guest stars on the cult television program \"Angel\", ordered alphabetically.", "List of minor Angel characters __knowledge__ For the show's main characters, please see the article list of \"Angel\" characters.", "List of minor Angel characters __knowledge__ Alonna Gunn (played by Michele Kelly) was the sister of Charles Gunn, and the most important person in his life.", "List of minor Angel characters __knowledge__ The siblings took care of each other while growing up in the \"Badlands\" (a fictional neighborhood in Los Angeles).", "List of minor Angel characters __knowledge__ Alonna was turned into a vampire in her first appearance (\"War Zone\").", "List of minor Angel characters __knowledge__ Gunn eventually found Alonna as a vampire and confronted her, but was ultimately forced to stake her with Angel looking on.", "Fishkeeping __knowledge__ Fishkeeping is a popular hobby, practiced by aquarists, concerned with keeping fish in a home aquarium or garden pond.", "Fishkeeping __knowledge__ There is also a piscicultural fishkeeping industry, as a branch of agriculture.", "Fishkeeping __knowledge__ Fish have been raised as food in pools and ponds for thousands of years.", "Fishkeeping __knowledge__ Brightly colored or tame specimens of fish in these pools have sometimes been valued as pets rather than food.", "Fishkeeping __knowledge__ Many other cultures kept fish for both functional and decorative purposes.", "Fishkeeping __knowledge__ Ancient Sumerians kept wild-caught fish in ponds, before preparing them for meals.", "Fishkeeping __knowledge__ Depictions of the sacred fish of Oxyrhynchus kept in captivity in rectangular temple pools have been found in ancient Egyptian art.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "King betta __knowledge__ The king betta is a popular aquarium fish of unknown provenance.", "King betta __knowledge__ The King betta generally grows to about 5–6 cm (2–2 1/2 in).", "King betta __knowledge__ Its pigments are generally vibrant beige to a white.", "King betta __knowledge__ As with most bettas, King betta females are smaller and less colorful than the males.", "King betta __knowledge__ The life span of the King betta is short, generally 2–3 years, rarely reaching four.", "King betta __knowledge__ The King betta is (as are all other bettas) members of the gourami family (Osphronemidae) and prefers a temperature of 80–90 °F.", "King betta __knowledge__ Hardly anything is known about the King betta.", "King betta __knowledge__ Some people say that \"Betta raja\" and \"Betta splendens\" cross bred in nature to create the King betta we know today.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The dingo (\"Canis lupus dingo\" or \"Canis dingo\") is a type of feral dog native to Australia.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The first British colonists to arrive in 1788 established a settlement at Port Jackson and recorded dingoes living there with indigenous Australians.", "Dingo __knowledge__ Although the dingo exists in the wild, it associates with humans but has not been selectively bred similarly to other domesticated animals.", "Dingo __knowledge__ It is a medium-sized canid that possesses a lean, hardy body designed for speed, agility and stamina.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The dingo's three main coat colours are described as being either light ginger (or tan), black and tan, or creamy white." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 10, 56, 5 ]

[ "Those fish are great! They're small so you don't need a big aquarium and they have such beautiful colors!", "Ha! Bettas are also known as Siamese fighting fish! Hopefully also unlike your wife!!", "These fish are extremely territorial! They have extremely high levels of aggression toward each other. That's why they're always kept alone in their bowls.", "Maybe so! Betta owners even have to be careful when trying to breed their fish! The male and female can only share their space for a very short time, or they kill each other. Ha! ", "That's a great question! One more interesting thing about betta fish is that they can breathe atmospheric air. That's how they're able to survive in bowls which would kill most other types of fish." ]

[ "Betta", "Betta", "Betta", "Betta", "Betta" ]

[ "Baseball\nI love baseball.", "Yes, I especially love the Yankees.", "I can not stand the Red Sox. Go Yankees.", "Yes, especially when Aaron Judge hits it." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of nine players each who take turns batting and fielding.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The batting team attempts to score runs by hitting a ball (that is thrown by the opposing team's pitcher) with a bat swung by the batter, and then running counter-clockwise around a series of four bases: first, second, third, and home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A run is scored when a player advances around the bases and touches home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Players on the batting team take turns hitting against the pitcher of the fielding team, which tries to prevent runs by getting hitters out in any of several ways.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A player on the batting team who reaches a base safely can later attempt to advance to subsequent bases during teammates' turns batting, such as on a hit or by other means.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The teams switch between batting and fielding whenever the fielding team records three outs.", "Baseball __knowledge__ One turn batting for both teams, beginning with the visiting team, constitutes an inning.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A game is composed of nine innings, and the team with the greater number of runs at the end of the game wins.", "Baseball __knowledge__ If scores are tied at the end of nine innings, extra innings are usually played.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball has no game clock, although most games end in the ninth inning.", "Chuck Greenberg (businessman) __knowledge__ Charles M. \"Chuck\" Greenberg (born in Englewood, New Jersey, 1961) is an American sports attorney, chairman and founder of the Greenberg Sports Group, and owner of three minor league baseball teams.", "Chuck Greenberg (businessman) __knowledge__ Greenberg was managing partner of Rangers Baseball Express, LLC, which on August 5, 2010, won court approval to purchase the Texas Rangers, a Major League Baseball team, from Tom Hicks and Hicks Sports Group.", "Chuck Greenberg (businessman) __knowledge__ Greenberg served as Managing Partner and CEO of the Rangers from 2010 to 2011.", "Chuck Greenberg (businessman) __knowledge__ Greenberg was born to a Jewish family, in Englewood, New Jersey, but his family moved to Pittsburgh before his first birthday.", "Afghan Star __knowledge__ Afghan Star is a reality television show competition that searches for the most talented singers across Afghanistan.", "Afghan Star __knowledge__ The program broadcasts on the TOLO channel.", "Afghan Star __knowledge__ \"Afghan Star\" premiered in 2005, four years after the fall of the Taliban, which had outlawed singing in 1996; it is one of the most-watched shows in Afghanistan.", "Afghan Star __knowledge__ The format of \"Afghan Star\" is similar to the British \"Pop Idol\" or the French \"Nouvelle Star\" and their many spinoffs, though it is independently produced and not a licensed adaptation.", "Afghan Star __knowledge__ The program starts with auditions from aspiring singers in their late teens and early 20s.", "Barbiton __knowledge__ The barbiton, or barbitos (Gr: βάρβιτον or βάρβιτος; Lat.", "Barbiton __knowledge__ \"barbitus\"), is an ancient stringed instrument known from Greek and Roman classics related to the lyre.", "Barbiton __knowledge__ The barbat or \"barbud\", also sometimes called \"barbiton\", is an unrelated lute-like instrument derived from Persia.", "Barbiton __knowledge__ The Greek instrument was a bass version of the kithara, and belonged in the zither family, but in medieval times, the same name was used to refer to a different instrument that was a variety of lute.", "Barbiton __knowledge__ Theocritus (xvi.", "Barbiton __knowledge__ 45), the Sicilian poet, calls the barbitos an instrument of many strings, i.e.", "Barbiton __knowledge__ more than seven, which was by the Hellenes considered to be a perfect number, and matched the number of strings customary in the kithara.", "Wayne Lundgren __knowledge__ Wayne Lundgren (born 21 April 1982, in Sydney) is an Australian professional baseball pitcher who is currently a free agent.", "Wayne Lundgren __knowledge__ He has previously played for the Brockton Rox of the Can-Am League and the Sydney Blue Sox of the Australian Baseball League (ABL).", "Wayne Lundgren __knowledge__ Lundgren was signed by Jon Deeble and debuted as a professional in 2000 with GCL Red Sox, recording 2–2 with a save and a 3.41 ERA.", "Wayne Lundgren __knowledge__ He then pitched in the International Baseball League of Australia for the off-season in 2000–2001, going 2–3 with a 4.50 ERA.", "Wayne Lundgren __knowledge__ In 2001, he had a 4–2, 2 Sv record for the GCL Red Sox.", "Wayne Lundgren __knowledge__ Wayne did not pitch in 2002 due to injury, then split 2003 between the Lowell Spinners and Augusta GreenJackets before being released from the Red Sox organisation.", "MoneyBart __knowledge__ \"MoneyBart\" (also referred to as \"MoneyBART\") is the third episode of \"The Simpsons\"' twenty-second season.", "MoneyBart __knowledge__ It first aired on the Fox network in the United States on October 10, 2010.", "MoneyBart __knowledge__ In this episode, Lisa coaches Bart's Little League baseball team to a record winning streak by using her book smarts in statistics and probability.", "MoneyBart __knowledge__ However, when Bart questions Lisa’s coaching tactics and accuses her of taking the fun out of baseball, Lisa benches him from the championship game.", "MoneyBart __knowledge__ The episode was written by Tim Long.", "MoneyBart __knowledge__ This was the last episode that Nancy Kruse directed for the series.", "Eight Men Out __knowledge__ Eight Men Out is a 1988 sports drama film based on Eliot Asinof's 1963 book \"Eight Men Out: The Black Sox and the 1919 World Series\".", "Eight Men Out __knowledge__ It was written and directed by John Sayles.", "Eight Men Out __knowledge__ The film is a dramatization of Major League Baseball's Black Sox scandal, in which eight members of the Chicago White Sox conspired with gamblers to intentionally lose the 1919 World Series.", "Eight Men Out __knowledge__ Much of the movie was filmed at the old Bush Stadium in Indianapolis, Indiana.", "Eight Men Out __knowledge__ In 1919, the Chicago White Sox are considered one of the greatest ever assembled, however, the stingy team's owner, Charles Comiskey, gives little inclination to reward his players for a spectacular season.", "Lee Hedges __knowledge__ Junior Lee Hedges (born November 2, 1929) is with 217 victories the winningest high school football coach in the history of Shreveport-Bossier City in northwestern Louisiana.", "Lee Hedges __knowledge__ In 2001, the Caddo Parish School Board renamed the football stadium at Captain Shreve High School in Hedges' honor.", "Lee Hedges __knowledge__ In 2010, he was elected to the Louisiana Sports Hall of Fame in Natchitoches.", "Lee Hedges __knowledge__ Hedges is a native of rural Fifty-Six in Stone County near Mountain View in northern Arkansas.", "Lee Hedges __knowledge__ In the middle 1940s, he played football at Fair Park High School in Shreveport.", "Lee Hedges __knowledge__ He then played at Louisiana State University in Baton Rouge." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of nine players each who take turns batting and fielding.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The batting team attempts to score runs by hitting a ball (that is thrown by the opposing team's pitcher) with a bat swung by the batter, and then running counter-clockwise around a series of four bases: first, second, third, and home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A run is scored when a player advances around the bases and touches home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Players on the batting team take turns hitting against the pitcher of the fielding team, which tries to prevent runs by getting hitters out in any of several ways.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A player on the batting team who reaches a base safely can later attempt to advance to subsequent bases during teammates' turns batting, such as on a hit or by other means.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The teams switch between batting and fielding whenever the fielding team records three outs.", "Baseball __knowledge__ One turn batting for both teams, beginning with the visiting team, constitutes an inning.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A game is composed of nine innings, and the team with the greater number of runs at the end of the game wins.", "Baseball __knowledge__ If scores are tied at the end of nine innings, extra innings are usually played.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball has no game clock, although most games end in the ninth inning.", "YES Network __knowledge__ The Yankees Entertainment and Sports Network (YES) is an American cable and satellite television regional sports network that is owned by 21st Century Fox (which owns a controlling 80% interest and serves as managing partner) and Yankee Global Enterprises (which owns the remaining 20%).", "YES Network __knowledge__ Primarily serving New York City, New York and the surrounding metropolitan area, it broadcasts a variety of sports events, as well as magazine, documentary and discussion programs; however, its main emphasis is focused on games and team-related programs involving the New York Yankees of Major League Baseball (owned by minority partner Yankee Global), the NBA's Brooklyn Nets and New York City FC of Major League Soccer.", "Yankees–Red Sox rivalry __knowledge__ The Yankees–Red Sox rivalry is a Major League Baseball (MLB) rivalry between the New York Yankees and Boston Red Sox.", "Yankees–Red Sox rivalry __knowledge__ The two teams have competed in MLB's American League (AL) for over 100 seasons and have since developed one of the fiercest rivalries in American sports.", "Yankees–Red Sox rivalry __knowledge__ In 1919, Red Sox owner Harry Frazee sold star player Babe Ruth to the Yankees, which was followed by an 86-year period in which the Red Sox did not win a World Series.", "Yankees–Red Sox rivalry __knowledge__ This led to the popularization of a superstition known as the \"Curse of the Bambino\", which was one of the most well-known aspects of the rivalry.", "Yankees–Red Sox rivalry __knowledge__ The rivalry is often a heated subject of conversation, especially in the home region of both teams, the Northeastern United States.", "New York Yankees __knowledge__ The New York Yankees are an American professional baseball team based in the New York City borough of the Bronx.", "New York Yankees __knowledge__ The Yankees compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) East division.", "New York Yankees __knowledge__ They are one of two major league clubs based in New York City, the other being the New York Mets of the National League.", "New York Yankees __knowledge__ In the season, the club began play in the AL as the Baltimore Orioles (no relation to the modern Baltimore Orioles).", "New York Yankees __knowledge__ Frank Farrell and Bill Devery purchased the franchise (which had ceased operations) and moved it to New York City, renaming the club the New York Highlanders.", "Bobby Murcer __knowledge__ Bobby Ray Murcer (May 20, 1946 – July 12, 2008) was an American Major League Baseball outfielder who played for 17 seasons between 1965 and 1983, mostly with the New York Yankees, whom he later rejoined as a longtime broadcaster.", "Bobby Murcer __knowledge__ A Gold Glove winner and five-time All-Star, Murcer led the American League in on-base percentage in 1971, and in runs and total bases in 1972.", "Bobby Murcer __knowledge__ After coming up briefly to the Yankees in 1965 and 1966 amid high expectations—he was hailed as the \"next Mickey Mantle\"—Murcer fulfilled his military obligation in 1967 and 1968 before being called up to the majors to stay in 1969.", "History of the New York Yankees __knowledge__ The history of the New York Yankees Major League Baseball (MLB) team spans more than a century.", "History of the New York Yankees __knowledge__ Frank J. Farrell and William Stephen Devery bought the rights to an American League (AL) club in New York City after the 1902 season.", "History of the New York Yankees __knowledge__ The team, which became known as the Yankees in 1913, rarely contended for the AL championship before the acquisition of outfielder Babe Ruth after the 1919 season.", "History of the New York Yankees __knowledge__ With Ruth in the lineup, the Yankees won their first AL title in 1921, followed by their first World Series championship in 1923.", "History of the New York Yankees __knowledge__ Ruth and first baseman Lou Gehrig were part of the team's Murderers' Row lineup, which led the Yankees to a then-AL record 110 wins and a Series championship in 1927 under Miller Huggins.", "Casey Stengel __knowledge__ Charles Dillon \"Casey\" Stengel (; July 30, 1890 – September 29, 1975) was an American Major League Baseball right fielder and manager best known as the manager of both the championship New York Yankees of the 1950s, and later of the hapless expansion New York Mets.", "Casey Stengel __knowledge__ He was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in .", "Casey Stengel __knowledge__ Stengel was born in Kansas City, Missouri.", "Casey Stengel __knowledge__ In 1910, he began a professional baseball career that would span over half a century.", "Casey Stengel __knowledge__ After almost three seasons in the minor leagues, Stengel reached the major leagues as an outfielder for the Brooklyn Dodgers.", "Casey Stengel __knowledge__ His six seasons there saw some success, including as a member of Brooklyn's 1916 National League championship team, but he also developed a reputation as a clown.", "Yankee Stadium (1923) __knowledge__ Yankee Stadium was a stadium located in the Bronx, a borough of New York City.", "Yankee Stadium (1923) __knowledge__ It was the home ballpark of the New York Yankees, one of the city's Major League Baseball (MLB) franchises, from 1923 to 1973 and then from 1976 to 2008.", "Yankee Stadium (1923) __knowledge__ The stadium hosted 6,581 Yankees regular season home games during its 85-year history.", "Yankee Stadium (1923) __knowledge__ It was also the former home of the New York Giants football team from 1956 through the first part of the 1973–74 football season.", "Yankee Stadium (1923) __knowledge__ The stadium's nickname, \"The House That Ruth Built\", is derived from Babe Ruth, the baseball superstar whose prime years coincided with the stadium's opening and the beginning of the Yankees' winning history.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "Johnny Polygon __knowledge__ John W. Armour (born May 15, 1984), better known by his stage name Johnny Polygon, is an American hip hop recording artist from Tulsa, Oklahoma.", "Johnny Polygon __knowledge__ In 2008, Polygon met DJ Green Lantern, who eventually offered him a record deal with his label imprint, Invasion Music Group.", "Johnny Polygon __knowledge__ In 2009, Polygon released his first project under Invasion Music Group, an extended play (EP) titled \"Group Hug\", which \"URB Magazine\" called \"risky yet authentic.\"", "Johnny Polygon __knowledge__ In 2010, Polygon followed his EP with \"Rebel Without Applause\", his first official mixtape, which included the promotional single, \"The Riot Song\".", "Johnny Polygon __knowledge__ The single went on to be featured on MTV, VH1 and Centric, as well as the HBO television series, \"How to Make it in America\".", "West Marsh __knowledge__ West Marsh is an area located in the northern part of Grimsby, North East Lincolnshire, England, and is close to Grimsby town centre.", "West Marsh __knowledge__ Its northern and eastern boundaries are formed by the Alexandra Dock.", "West Marsh __knowledge__ At its western edge is the Pyewipe industrial area, and at the south the railway line and Cromwell Road.", "West Marsh __knowledge__ West Marsh is split centrally by the southeast–northwest flow of the River Freshney.", "West Marsh __knowledge__ West Marsh is a ward of the North East Lincolnshire Unitary Council with a population taken at the 2011 census of 7,754.", "West Marsh __knowledge__ For centuries the boundary between Grimsby's West Marsh and the parish of Little Coates lay roughly along the line formed by present-day Pywipe Road and Boulevard Avenue.", "Hypergolic propellant __knowledge__ A hypergolic propellant combination used in a rocket engine is one whose components spontaneously ignite when they come into contact with each other.", "Hypergolic propellant __knowledge__ The two propellant components usually consist of a fuel and an oxidizer.", "Hypergolic propellant __knowledge__ Although commonly used hypergolic propellants are difficult to handle because of their extreme toxicity and/or corrosiveness, they can be stored as liquids at room temperature and hypergolic engines are easy to ignite reliably and repeatedly.", "Hypergolic propellant __knowledge__ In contemporary usage, the terms \"hypergol\" or \"hypergolic propellant\" usually mean the most common such propellant combination, dinitrogen tetroxide plus hydrazine and/or its relatives monomethylhydrazine and unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine.", "List of Metal Gear characters __knowledge__ The \"Metal Gear\" franchise features a large number of characters created by Hideo Kojima and designed by Yoji Shinkawa.", "List of Metal Gear characters __knowledge__ Its setting features several soldiers with supernatural powers provided by the new advancements of science.", "List of Metal Gear characters __knowledge__ The series follows mercenary Solid snak_a given government missions of finding the Metal Gear weapon, resulting in encounters with Gray Fox and Big Boss in Outer Heaven (\"Metal Gear\") and Zanzibar Land (\"\").", "List of Metal Gear characters __knowledge__ Later, Solid Snake meets Otacon and opposes Liquid Snake's FOXHOUND in \"Metal Gear Solid\" then assists Raiden in fighting both Solidus Snake and the Patriots in \"\".", "List of Metal Gear characters __knowledge__ Additionally, there are several prequel games that follows Big Boss's past and legend development as well as the origins of FOXHOUND, Outer Heaven and the Patriots.", "Isothermal microcalorimetry __knowledge__ Isothermal microcalorimetry (IMC) is a laboratory method for real-time monitoring and dynamic analysis of chemical, physical and biological processes.", "Isothermal microcalorimetry __knowledge__ Over a period of hours or days, IMC determines the onset, rate, extent and energetics of such processes for specimens in small ampoules (e.g.", "Isothermal microcalorimetry __knowledge__ 3–20 ml) at a constant set temperature (c. 15 °C–150 °C).", "Isothermal microcalorimetry __knowledge__ IMC accomplishes this dynamic analysis by measuring and recording vs. elapsed time the net rate of heat flow (μJ/sec = μW) to or from the specimen ampoule, and the cumulative amount of heat (J) consumed or produced.", "Isothermal microcalorimetry __knowledge__ IMC is a powerful and versatile analytical tool for four closely related reasons: The IMC method of studying rates of processes is thus broadly applicable, provides real-time continuous data, and is sensitive.", "Overexposed (album) __knowledge__ Overexposed is the fourth studio album by the American band Maroon 5, released on June 20, 2012, by A&M Octone Records.", "Overexposed (album) __knowledge__ The album was recorded between 2011 and 2012 and was driven after the moderate success of their third album, \"Hands All Over\" (2010), and later by the enormous success of the re-released edition, which was promoted by the single \"Moves Like Jagger\", recorded as a collaboration with Christina Aguilera.", "Overexposed (album) __knowledge__ It is the band's only album not to feature keyboardist, rhythm guitarist and background vocalist, Jesse Carmichael, who took a temporary break from performing with the group to focus on his studies back then, but eventually returned to the band in 2014." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of nine players each who take turns batting and fielding.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The batting team attempts to score runs by hitting a ball (that is thrown by the opposing team's pitcher) with a bat swung by the batter, and then running counter-clockwise around a series of four bases: first, second, third, and home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A run is scored when a player advances around the bases and touches home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Players on the batting team take turns hitting against the pitcher of the fielding team, which tries to prevent runs by getting hitters out in any of several ways.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A player on the batting team who reaches a base safely can later attempt to advance to subsequent bases during teammates' turns batting, such as on a hit or by other means.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The teams switch between batting and fielding whenever the fielding team records three outs.", "Baseball __knowledge__ One turn batting for both teams, beginning with the visiting team, constitutes an inning.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A game is composed of nine innings, and the team with the greater number of runs at the end of the game wins.", "Baseball __knowledge__ If scores are tied at the end of nine innings, extra innings are usually played.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball has no game clock, although most games end in the ninth inning.", "Yankees–Red Sox rivalry __knowledge__ The Yankees–Red Sox rivalry is a Major League Baseball (MLB) rivalry between the New York Yankees and Boston Red Sox.", "Yankees–Red Sox rivalry __knowledge__ The two teams have competed in MLB's American League (AL) for over 100 seasons and have since developed one of the fiercest rivalries in American sports.", "Yankees–Red Sox rivalry __knowledge__ In 1919, Red Sox owner Harry Frazee sold star player Babe Ruth to the Yankees, which was followed by an 86-year period in which the Red Sox did not win a World Series.", "Yankees–Red Sox rivalry __knowledge__ This led to the popularization of a superstition known as the \"Curse of the Bambino\", which was one of the most well-known aspects of the rivalry.", "Yankees–Red Sox rivalry __knowledge__ The rivalry is often a heated subject of conversation, especially in the home region of both teams, the Northeastern United States.", "History of the Boston Red Sox __knowledge__ The history of the Boston Red Sox begins in , as one of the original franchises of the American League.", "History of the Boston Red Sox __knowledge__ In 1900, Ban Johnson's minor Western League, based in the Midwest, declared its equality with the National League, then the only major league in baseball.", "History of the Boston Red Sox __knowledge__ Johnson changed the name of his league to the American League.", "History of the Boston Red Sox __knowledge__ Competing in the streets, the upstart placed franchises in two of the largest and most important NL cities, Philadelphia and Boston.", "History of the Boston Red Sox __knowledge__ Playing their home games at Huntington Avenue Grounds, the Boston franchise (often called the Americans during this time) finished second and third place in their first two seasons before capturing their first pennant in 1903 and repeating the feat in 1904.", "Boston Red Sox __knowledge__ The Boston Red Sox are an American professional baseball team based in Boston, Massachusetts.", "Boston Red Sox __knowledge__ The Red Sox compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) East division.", "Boston Red Sox __knowledge__ The Red Sox have won eight World Series championships and have played in twelve.", "Boston Red Sox __knowledge__ Founded in as one of the American League's eight charter franchises, the Red Sox' home ballpark has been Fenway Park since .", "Boston Red Sox __knowledge__ The \"Red Sox\" name was chosen by the team owner, John I. Taylor, around , following the lead of previous teams that had been known as the \"Boston Red Stockings\", including the forerunner of the Atlanta Braves.", "New York Yankees __knowledge__ The New York Yankees are an American professional baseball team based in the New York City borough of the Bronx.", "New York Yankees __knowledge__ The Yankees compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) East division.", "New York Yankees __knowledge__ They are one of two major league clubs based in New York City, the other being the New York Mets of the National League.", "New York Yankees __knowledge__ In the season, the club began play in the AL as the Baltimore Orioles (no relation to the modern Baltimore Orioles).", "New York Yankees __knowledge__ Frank Farrell and Bill Devery purchased the franchise (which had ceased operations) and moved it to New York City, renaming the club the New York Highlanders.", "2004 World Series __knowledge__ The 2004 World Series was the 100th edition of Major League Baseball's championship series.", "2004 World Series __knowledge__ It featured the American League (AL) champions Boston Red Sox against the National League (NL) champions St. Louis Cardinals.", "2004 World Series __knowledge__ The Red Sox defeated the Cardinals by four games to none in the best-of-seven series, played at Fenway Park and Busch Memorial Stadium.", "2004 World Series __knowledge__ The series was played from October 23 to 27, 2004, broadcast on Fox, and watched by an average of just under 25.5 million viewers.", "2004 World Series __knowledge__ The Red Sox became the third straight wild card team to win the World Series; the Anaheim Angels won in 2002 and the Florida Marlins won in 2003.", "2004 American League Championship Series __knowledge__ The 2004 American League Championship Series was the Major League Baseball playoff series to decide the American League champion for the 2004 season.", "2004 American League Championship Series __knowledge__ A rematch of the 2003 American League Championship Series, it was played between the Boston Red Sox and New York Yankees, at Fenway Park and the original Yankee Stadium, from October 12 to 20, 2004.", "2004 American League Championship Series __knowledge__ The Red Sox became the first (and so far only) team in MLB history to come back from a 0–3 deficit to win a seven-game series.", "2004 American League Championship Series __knowledge__ The Red Sox, who had won the AL wild card, defeated the Anaheim Angels in the American League Division Series to reach the ALCS, while the Yankees, who had won the AL East with the best record in the AL, defeated the Minnesota Twins.", "2013 Boston Red Sox season __knowledge__ The 2013 Boston Red Sox season was the 113th season in the franchise's Major League Baseball history.", "2013 Boston Red Sox season __knowledge__ Under new manager John Farrell, the Red Sox finished first in the American League East with a record of 97 wins and 65 losses.", "2013 Boston Red Sox season __knowledge__ In the postseason, the Red Sox first defeated the AL wild card Tampa Bay Rays in the ALDS.", "2013 Boston Red Sox season __knowledge__ In the ALCS, the Red Sox defeated the American League Central champion Detroit Tigers in six games.", "2013 Boston Red Sox season __knowledge__ Advancing to the World Series, the Red Sox defeated the National League champion St. Louis Cardinals in six games, to capture the franchise's eighth championship overall and third in ten years.", "2016 Boston Red Sox season __knowledge__ The 2016 Boston Red Sox season was the 116th season in the franchise's Major League Baseball history.", "2016 Boston Red Sox season __knowledge__ The Red Sox finished first in the American League East with a record of 93 wins and 69 losses.", "2016 Boston Red Sox season __knowledge__ In the postseason, the team was swept by the American League Central champion Cleveland Indians in the ALDS.", "2016 Boston Red Sox season __knowledge__ The opening day game, scheduled for April 4, was postponed to April 5, due to cold weather.", "2016 Boston Red Sox season __knowledge__ The game was called two hours prior to game time.", "2016 Boston Red Sox season __knowledge__ On April 5, in his Red Sox debut, David Price struck out ten Indians batters and earned the win.", "2016 Boston Red Sox season __knowledge__ He became the fifth Red Sox pitcher to win an opening day game in his debut for the ball club and the first since Pedro Martínez did it in 1998." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of nine players each who take turns batting and fielding.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The batting team attempts to score runs by hitting a ball (that is thrown by the opposing team's pitcher) with a bat swung by the batter, and then running counter-clockwise around a series of four bases: first, second, third, and home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A run is scored when a player advances around the bases and touches home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Players on the batting team take turns hitting against the pitcher of the fielding team, which tries to prevent runs by getting hitters out in any of several ways.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A player on the batting team who reaches a base safely can later attempt to advance to subsequent bases during teammates' turns batting, such as on a hit or by other means.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The teams switch between batting and fielding whenever the fielding team records three outs.", "Baseball __knowledge__ One turn batting for both teams, beginning with the visiting team, constitutes an inning.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A game is composed of nine innings, and the team with the greater number of runs at the end of the game wins.", "Baseball __knowledge__ If scores are tied at the end of nine innings, extra innings are usually played.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball has no game clock, although most games end in the ninth inning.", "2017 New York Yankees season __knowledge__ The 2017 New York Yankees season was the 115th season in New York City for the Yankees, and the 117th season overall for the franchise.", "2017 New York Yankees season __knowledge__ It was also the final season with manager Joe Girardi.", "2017 New York Yankees season __knowledge__ The Yankees finished the regular season with 91 wins and 71 losses.", "2017 New York Yankees season __knowledge__ This season was considered a breakout season for many players, including starting pitcher Luis Severino who emerged as arguably the Yankee's best pitcher as well as rookie outfielder Aaron Judge, who broke the rookie record by passing Mark McGwire for most home runs by a rookie (50) on September 25, 2017.", "2017 New York Yankees season __knowledge__ Judge ended the season by leading the American League with 52 home runs.", "2017 American League Championship Series __knowledge__ The 2017 American League Championship Series was a best-of-seven playoff pitting the Houston Astros against the New York Yankees for the American League pennant and the right to face the Los Angeles Dodgers in the 2017 World Series.", "2017 American League Championship Series __knowledge__ The Astros defeated the Yankees in 7 games after falling behind 3 games to 2.", "2017 American League Championship Series __knowledge__ The home team won every game in the series.", "2017 American League Championship Series __knowledge__ This was first time in history that the ALCS and NLCS teams were from the four most populous U.S. cities: New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, and Houston.", "2017 American League Championship Series __knowledge__ For the first time, Major League Baseball sold presenting sponsorships to all of its postseason series; this ALCS was sponsored by Camping World, and was officially known as the American League Championship Series presented by Camping World.", "New York Yankees __knowledge__ The New York Yankees are an American professional baseball team based in the New York City borough of the Bronx.", "New York Yankees __knowledge__ The Yankees compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) East division.", "New York Yankees __knowledge__ They are one of two major league clubs based in New York City, the other being the New York Mets of the National League.", "New York Yankees __knowledge__ In the season, the club began play in the AL as the Baltimore Orioles (no relation to the modern Baltimore Orioles).", "New York Yankees __knowledge__ Frank Farrell and Bill Devery purchased the franchise (which had ceased operations) and moved it to New York City, renaming the club the New York Highlanders.", "Robert Sugden __knowledge__ Robert Jacob Sugden is a fictional character from the British ITV soap opera \"Emmerdale\".", "Robert Sugden __knowledge__ The character originally appeared on the show regularly between 22 April 1986 and 3 October 2005.", "Robert Sugden __knowledge__ During that time he was first played as a baby by Richard Smith from 1986 and 1989 before the role was taken over by Christopher Smith from 1989 and 2001.", "Robert Sugden __knowledge__ In 2001, Karl Davies took over the role in order for the character to become involved in more adult storylines, as he grew older.", "Robert Sugden __knowledge__ Karl Davies briefly reprised his role as Robert for one episode airing on 10 February 2009, when he returned for the funeral of his father and longest running character Jack Sugden (Clive Hornby).", "2017 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ The 2017 St. Louis Cardinals season was the 136th for the St. Louis Cardinals of Major League Baseball (MLB), a franchise in St. Louis, Missouri.", "2017 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ It was the 126th season for the Cardinals in the National League (NL), and their 12th at Busch Stadium III.", "2017 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ For the first time since the 2007-2008 seasons, the Cardinals missed the playoffs in consecutive years, with a September 28 loss, in 2016-2017.", "2017 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ Major League Baseball and the Players' Association reached a new, tentative CBA contract to reduce the 15-day disabled list timetable to 10-days.", "2017 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ This change will allow teams to make quicker decisions on whether to bring up a roster replacement rather than wait to see if the injured player would be ready to return to action in less than two weeks.", "Perfect fifth __knowledge__ In music theory, a perfect fifth is the musical interval corresponding to a pair of pitches with a frequency ratio of 3:2, or very nearly so.", "Perfect fifth __knowledge__ In classical music from Western culture, a fifth is the interval from the first to the last of five consecutive notes in a diatonic scale.", "Perfect fifth __knowledge__ The perfect fifth (often abbreviated P5) spans seven semitones, while the diminished fifth spans six and the augmented fifth spans eight semitones.", "Perfect fifth __knowledge__ For example, the interval from C to G is a perfect fifth, as the note G lies seven semitones above C. The perfect fifth may be derived from the harmonic series as the interval between the second and third harmonics.", "2017 American League Division Series __knowledge__ The 2017 American League Division Series were two best-of-five-games series held to determine the participating teams in the 2017 American League Championship Series.", "2017 American League Division Series __knowledge__ The three divisional winners (seeded 1-3) and a fourth team—the winner of a one-game Wild Card playoff— played in two series.", "2017 American League Division Series __knowledge__ These matchups were: The higher seeded team in each series hosted Games 1, 2, and 5. and the lower seeded team hosted Games 3 and 4.", "2017 American League Division Series __knowledge__ For the first time, Major League Baseball sold presenting sponsorships to all of its postseason series; Doosan acquired presenting sponsorship to the ALDS, and thus the series was official known as the American League Division Series presented by Doosan.", "Babe Ruth __knowledge__ George Herman \"Babe\" Ruth Jr. (February 6, 1895 – August 16, 1948) was an American professional baseball player whose career in Major League Baseball (MLB) spanned 22 seasons, from 1914 through 1935.", "Babe Ruth __knowledge__ Nicknamed \"The Bambino\" and \"The Sultan of Swat\", he began his MLB career as a stellar left-handed pitcher for the Boston Red Sox, but achieved his greatest fame as a slugging outfielder for the New York Yankees.", "Babe Ruth __knowledge__ Ruth established many MLB batting (and some pitching) records, including career home runs (714), runs batted in (RBIs) (2,213), bases on balls (2,062), slugging percentage (.690), and on-base plus slugging (OPS) (1.164); the latter two still stand today.", "Home Run Derby (TV series) __knowledge__ Home Run Derby is a 1960 television show that was held at Wrigley Field in Los Angeles pitting the top sluggers of Major League Baseball against each other in nine-inning home run contests.", "Home Run Derby (TV series) __knowledge__ The show was produced and hosted by actor/broadcaster Mark Scott and distributed by Ziv Television Programs.", "Home Run Derby (TV series) __knowledge__ Filmed in December 1959, the series aired in syndication from January 9 to July 2, 1960, and helped inspire the Home Run Derby event that is now held the day before the annual Major League Baseball All-Star Game.", "Home Run Derby (TV series) __knowledge__ ESPN staged a revival of the show in 1989.", "Home Run Derby (TV series) __knowledge__ The rules were similar to modern home run derbies, with two notable exceptions.", "Home run __knowledge__ In baseball, a home run (abbreviated HR) is scored when the ball is hit in such a way that the batter is able to circle the bases and reach home safely in one play without any errors being committed by the defensive team in the process.", "Home run __knowledge__ In modern baseball, the feat is typically achieved by hitting the ball over the outfield fence between the foul poles (or making contact with either foul pole) without first touching the ground, resulting in an automatic home run.", "Home run __knowledge__ There is also the \"inside-the-park\" home run, increasingly rare in modern baseball, where the batter reaches home safely while the baseball is in play on the field.", "Jim Thome __knowledge__ James Howard Thome (; born August 27, 1970) is a former American baseball player who played 22 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB).", "Jim Thome __knowledge__ Thome spent most of his career with the Cleveland Indians (1991–2002), anchoring a core of players that led the franchise to two World Series appearances in three years during the mid-1990s.", "Jim Thome __knowledge__ Thome also had stints with the Philadelphia Phillies (2003–05), Chicago White Sox (2006–09), and three other teams.", "Jim Thome __knowledge__ Initially a third baseman, Thome transitioned to first base and, later in his career, became a designated hitter.", "Jim Thome __knowledge__ Thome hit 612 home runs during his career—eighth-most all time—along with 2,328 hits, 1,699 runs batted in (RBI), and a .276 batting average.", "Alex Rodriguez __knowledge__ Alexander Emmanuel Rodriguez (born July 27, 1975), nicknamed \"A-Rod\", is a Dominican-American former professional baseball shortstop and third baseman.", "Alex Rodriguez __knowledge__ He played 22 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Seattle Mariners, Texas Rangers, and New York Yankees.", "Alex Rodriguez __knowledge__ Rodriguez was one of the sport's most highly touted prospects and is considered one of the greatest baseball players of all time.", "Alex Rodriguez __knowledge__ Rodriguez amassed a .297 batting average, 696 home runs, over 2,000 runs batted in (RBI), over 2,000 runs scored, and over 3,000 hits.", "Alex Rodriguez __knowledge__ He is a 14-time All-Star and won three American League (AL) Most Valuable Player (MVP) Awards, ten Silver Slugger Awards, and two Gold Glove Awards.", "2016 Boston Red Sox season __knowledge__ The 2016 Boston Red Sox season was the 116th season in the franchise's Major League Baseball history.", "2016 Boston Red Sox season __knowledge__ The Red Sox finished first in the American League East with a record of 93 wins and 69 losses.", "2016 Boston Red Sox season __knowledge__ In the postseason, the team was swept by the American League Central champion Cleveland Indians in the ALDS.", "2016 Boston Red Sox season __knowledge__ The opening day game, scheduled for April 4, was postponed to April 5, due to cold weather.", "2016 Boston Red Sox season __knowledge__ The game was called two hours prior to game time.", "2016 Boston Red Sox season __knowledge__ On April 5, in his Red Sox debut, David Price struck out ten Indians batters and earned the win.", "2016 Boston Red Sox season __knowledge__ He became the fifth Red Sox pitcher to win an opening day game in his debut for the ball club and the first since Pedro Martínez did it in 1998.", "2017 Los Angeles Dodgers season __knowledge__ The 2017 Los Angeles Dodgers season was the 128th for the franchise in Major League Baseball, and their 60th season in Los Angeles, California.", "2017 Los Angeles Dodgers season __knowledge__ They finished the season with the most wins in Los Angeles team history with a major league best 104 wins (2nd best in overall team history, tied with the 1942 team and behind only the 1953 Brooklyn Dodgers).", "2017 Los Angeles Dodgers season __knowledge__ They won their fifth straight National League West championship and swept the Arizona Diamondbacks in three games in the Division Series.", "2017 Los Angeles Dodgers season __knowledge__ They advanced to the National League Championship Series for the second year in a row and the third time in five seasons, where they faced the Chicago Cubs for the second year in a row." ] ]

[ 1, 13, 3, 9 ]

[ "I love it too! It has a pretty solid turn flow to it, doesn't it?", "If that's the case then what do you think about the rivalry they've got the Red Sox?", "I'll say this.. Nothing beats a good home run.", "Yea, Aaron Judge makes the game interesting. I don't think I've ever seen a game go to extra innings with him around." ]

[ "Baseball", "Baseball", "Baseball", "Baseball" ]

[ "Xbox\nmy boyfriend and i like to play xbox. my favorite game is sims and lego ones", "i like that too, but sims 4 recently came out and has way more to do on it. i like the add ons you can buy.", "yes we did. i love animals and figured my sims would too.", "no i never have. ive never looked into the company i just play the games on my xbox", "ive bought every xbox including the original xbox 360. i still have it." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Xbox __knowledge__ Xbox is a video gaming brand created and owned by Microsoft.", "Xbox __knowledge__ It represents a series of video game consoles developed by Microsoft, with three consoles released in the sixth, seventh and eighth generations respectively.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The brand also represents applications (games), streaming services, and an online service by the name of Xbox Live.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The brand was first introduced in the United States in November 2001, with the launch of the original Xbox console.", "Xbox __knowledge__ That original device was the first video game console offered by an American company after the Atari Jaguar stopped sales in 1996.", "Xbox __knowledge__ It reached over 24 million units sold as of May 2006.", "Xbox __knowledge__ Microsoft's second console, the Xbox 360, was released in 2005 and has sold over 77.2 million consoles worldwide as of April 2013.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The successor to the Xbox 360 and Microsoft's most recent console, the Xbox One, was revealed in May 2013.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The Xbox One has been released in 21 markets in total, with a Chinese release in September 2014.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The head of Xbox is Phil Spencer, who succeeded former head Marc Whitten in late March 2014.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The original Xbox was released on November 15, 2001, in North America, February 22, 2002, in Japan, and March 14, 2002, in Australia and Europe.", "Lego Star Wars II: The Original Trilogy __knowledge__ Lego Star Wars II: The Original Trilogy is a Lego-themed action-adventure video game developed by Traveller's Tales and published by LucasArts and TT Games Publishing.", "Lego Star Wars II: The Original Trilogy __knowledge__ It was released on 11 September 2006.", "Lego Star Wars II: The Original Trilogy __knowledge__ Part of the \"Lego Star Wars\" series, it is based on the \"Star Wars\" science fiction media franchise and Lego Group's \"Star Wars\"-themed toy line.", "Lego Star Wars II: The Original Trilogy __knowledge__ It follows the events of the \"Star Wars\" films \"Star Wars\", \"The Empire Strikes Back\" and \"Return of the Jedi\".", "Lego Star Wars II: The Original Trilogy __knowledge__ The game allows players to assume the roles of over 50 Lego versions of characters from the film series; customized characters can also be created.", "The Sims 3 __knowledge__ The Sims 3 is the third major title in the life simulation video game developed by The Sims Studio (Maxis) and published by Electronic Arts.", "The Sims 3 __knowledge__ It is the sequel to \"The Sims 2\".", "The Sims 3 __knowledge__ It was announced that it was in development for PlayStation 3 and Wii in November 2006, and later announced for OS X and Microsoft Windows.", "The Sims 3 __knowledge__ It was first released on June 2, 2009 simultaneously for OS X and Microsoft Windows – both versions on the same disc.", "The Sims 3 __knowledge__ Smartphone versions were also released on June 2, 2009.", "The Sims 3 __knowledge__ Consoles versions were released for PlayStation 3, Xbox 360, and Nintendo DS in October 2010 and a month later for the Wii.", "Minecraft __knowledge__ Minecraft is a sandbox video game created and designed by Swedish game designer Markus \"Notch\" Persson, and later fully developed and published by Mojang.", "Minecraft __knowledge__ The creative and building aspects of \"Minecraft\" allow players to build with a variety of different cubes in a 3D procedurally generated world.", "Minecraft __knowledge__ Other activities in the game include exploration, resource gathering, crafting, and combat.", "Minecraft __knowledge__ Multiple gameplay modes are available, including a survival mode where the player must acquire resources to build the world and maintain health, a creative mode where players have unlimited resources to build with and the ability to fly, an adventure mode where players can play custom maps created by other players, and a spectator mode where players can freely move throughout a world without being affected by gravity or collisions.", "List of The Lego Movie characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from \"The Lego Movie\" franchise produced by Warner Animation Group and The Lego Group which consists of the animated films, 4D film and TV series, \"The Lego Movie\" (2014), \"\" (2016), \"The Lego Batman Movie\" (2017), \"The Lego Ninjago Movie\" (2017) and \"Unikitty!\"", "List of The Lego Movie characters __knowledge__ (2017-present).", "List of The Lego Movie characters __knowledge__ Emmet (voiced by Chris Pratt in \"The Lego Movie\" and \"Lego Dimensions\"; A.J.", "List of The Lego Movie characters __knowledge__ Locascio in \"\"; Keith Ferguson in \"The Lego Movie Videogame\") is the main protagonist of \"The Lego Movie\".", "List of The Lego Movie characters __knowledge__ He starts off as a regular construction worker who was chosen by the prophecy to find the Piece of Resistance to save the Lego World and stop the evil Lord Business.", "Xbox (console) __knowledge__ The Xbox is a home video game console and the first installment in the Xbox series of consoles manufactured by Microsoft.", "Xbox (console) __knowledge__ It was released on November 15, 2001 in North America, followed by Australia, Europe and Japan in 2002.", "Xbox (console) __knowledge__ It was Microsoft's first foray into the gaming console market.", "Xbox (console) __knowledge__ It is the part of sixth generation console, and competed with Sony's PlayStation 2 and Nintendo's GameCube.", "Xbox (console) __knowledge__ It was also the first console produced by an American company since the Atari Jaguar ceased production in 1996.", "Xbox (console) __knowledge__ Announced in 2000, the Xbox, graphically powerful compared to its rivals, featured a standard PC's 733 MHz Intel Pentium III processor.", "Lego Batman 3: Beyond Gotham __knowledge__ Lego Batman 3: Beyond Gotham is a Lego-themed action-adventure video game developed by Traveller's Tales and published by Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment in November 2014 for multiple platforms.", "Lego Batman 3: Beyond Gotham __knowledge__ It is the third installment in the \"Lego Batman\" video game series and a sequel to \"\" and \"\".", "Lego Batman 3: Beyond Gotham __knowledge__ A port was released to mobile phones, excluding the numeral in the title.", "Lego Batman 3: Beyond Gotham __knowledge__ \"Lego Batman 3: Beyond Gotham\" was met with a generally mixed reception upon release.", "Lego Batman 3: Beyond Gotham __knowledge__ Praise was directed at the amount of content, the game's humour, and the characters, while criticism was directed at technical issues, poor AI, celebrity cameos, conflicting gameplay aspects, and the game's overall direction.", "Rock Band __knowledge__ Rock Band is a series of music video games developed by Harmonix and MTV Games, and distributed by Electronic Arts for the Nintendo DS, iOS, PlayStation 2, PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, PSP, Wii, Xbox One and Xbox 360 game systems.", "Rock Band __knowledge__ The series, inspired by Harmonix's previous efforts on the \"Guitar Hero\" series, allows up to four players to simulate the performance of popular rock music songs by playing with controllers modeled after musical instruments.", "Rock Band __knowledge__ Players can play the lead guitar, bass guitar, keyboard, and drums parts to songs, as well as sing into a USB microphone.", "Rock Band __knowledge__ Players are scored on their ability to match scrolling musical notes while playing instruments, and by their ability to match the singer's pitch on vocals." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Xbox __knowledge__ Xbox is a video gaming brand created and owned by Microsoft.", "Xbox __knowledge__ It represents a series of video game consoles developed by Microsoft, with three consoles released in the sixth, seventh and eighth generations respectively.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The brand also represents applications (games), streaming services, and an online service by the name of Xbox Live.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The brand was first introduced in the United States in November 2001, with the launch of the original Xbox console.", "Xbox __knowledge__ That original device was the first video game console offered by an American company after the Atari Jaguar stopped sales in 1996.", "Xbox __knowledge__ It reached over 24 million units sold as of May 2006.", "Xbox __knowledge__ Microsoft's second console, the Xbox 360, was released in 2005 and has sold over 77.2 million consoles worldwide as of April 2013.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The successor to the Xbox 360 and Microsoft's most recent console, the Xbox One, was revealed in May 2013.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The Xbox One has been released in 21 markets in total, with a Chinese release in September 2014.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The head of Xbox is Phil Spencer, who succeeded former head Marc Whitten in late March 2014.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The original Xbox was released on November 15, 2001, in North America, February 22, 2002, in Japan, and March 14, 2002, in Australia and Europe.", "The Sims 4 __knowledge__ The Sims 4 is the fourth major title in life simulation video game series \"The Sims\", developed by Maxis and The Sims Studio and published by Electronic Arts.", "The Sims 4 __knowledge__ \"The Sims 4\" was originally announced on May 6, 2013, and was released in North America on September 2, 2014 for Microsoft Windows.", "The Sims 4 __knowledge__ A Mac compatible version of the game was made available for digital download on February 17, 2015.", "The Sims 4 __knowledge__ \"The Sims 4\" is the first PC game to top all-format charts in two years.", "The Sims 4 __knowledge__ The game has received mixed reviews since its release, with the majority of criticism directed towards its lack of content.", "The Sims 4 __knowledge__ Since its launch, it became the best selling PC game of 2014 and 2015.", "The Sims 3 __knowledge__ The Sims 3 is the third major title in the life simulation video game developed by The Sims Studio (Maxis) and published by Electronic Arts.", "The Sims 3 __knowledge__ It is the sequel to \"The Sims 2\".", "The Sims 3 __knowledge__ It was announced that it was in development for PlayStation 3 and Wii in November 2006, and later announced for OS X and Microsoft Windows.", "The Sims 3 __knowledge__ It was first released on June 2, 2009 simultaneously for OS X and Microsoft Windows – both versions on the same disc.", "The Sims 3 __knowledge__ Smartphone versions were also released on June 2, 2009.", "The Sims 3 __knowledge__ Consoles versions were released for PlayStation 3, Xbox 360, and Nintendo DS in October 2010 and a month later for the Wii.", "The Sims (video game) __knowledge__ The Sims is a 2000 strategic life-simulation video game developed by Maxis and published by Electronic Arts.", "The Sims (video game) __knowledge__ It is a simulation of the daily activities of one or more virtual people (\"Sims\") in a suburban household near a fictional city.", "The Sims (video game) __knowledge__ The game's development was led by game designer Will Wright who is also known for developing the \"SimCity\" series.", "The Sims (video game) __knowledge__ \"The Sims\" original series had a total of seven expansion packs produced from 2000 to 2003, with expansions adding new items, characters, skins, and features.", "The Sims (video game) __knowledge__ The game has had several subsequent sequels; \"The Sims 2\" in 2004, \"The Sims 3\" in 2009, and \"The Sims 4\" in 2014.", "The Sims __knowledge__ The Sims is a life simulation game series that was developed by Maxis and The Sims Studio and published by Electronic Arts.", "The Sims __knowledge__ The franchise has sold nearly 200 million copies worldwide, and it is one of the best-selling video games series of all time.", "The Sims __knowledge__ The series was created by Maxis, before the development of the series transitioned to The Sims Studio between 2006 and 2008.", "The Sims __knowledge__ The Sims Studio later reintegrated into the refreshed EA Maxis label in 2012, where it continues to be developed by both teams.", "The Sims __knowledge__ The games in \"The Sims\" series are largely sandbox games, in that they lack any defined goals (except for some later expansion packs and console versions which introduced this gameplay style).", "The Sims 2 __knowledge__ The Sims 2 is a 2004 strategic life simulation video game developed by Maxis and published by Electronic Arts.", "The Sims 2 __knowledge__ It is the sequel to \"The Sims\".", "The Sims 2 __knowledge__ The game has the same concept as its predecessor: players control their Sims in various activities and form relationships in a manner similar to real life.", "The Sims 2 __knowledge__ \"The Sims 2\", like its predecessor, does not have a defined final goal; gameplay is open-ended.", "The Sims 2 __knowledge__ Sims have life goals, wants and fears, the fulfillment of which can produce both positive or negative outcomes.", "The Sims 2 __knowledge__ All Sims age, and can live to 90 sim days depending on the degree to which their aspirations are fulfilled.", "The Sims 4: Cats &amp; Dogs __knowledge__ The Sims 4: Cats & Dogs is an expansion pack for \"The Sims 4\" that was released on November 10, 2017.", "The Sims 4: Cats &amp; Dogs __knowledge__ It features a new world called Brindleton Bay and will add cats and dogs into the game.", "The Sims 4: Cats &amp; Dogs __knowledge__ It also will allow players to create their own veterinary practice and to pursue a veterinary career.", "The Sims 4: Cats &amp; Dogs __knowledge__ It takes elements from \"The Sims Unleashed\", \"\" and \"\".", "The Sims 4: Cats &amp; Dogs __knowledge__ \"Electronic Arts\" announced at Gamescom 2017 that players would be able to create cats and dogs with \"The Sims 4: Cats & Dogs\".", "The Sims 4: Cats &amp; Dogs __knowledge__ For the first time in the companies' history, Electronic Arts have partnered with Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals to host challenges for simmers.", "Maxis __knowledge__ EA Maxis is a subsidiary of Electronic Arts (EA).", "Maxis __knowledge__ The company was founded in 1987 as Maxis Software, an American independent video game development company, and later became known as Maxis.", "Maxis __knowledge__ Most Maxis titles are simulation-based.", "Maxis __knowledge__ Maxis founder Will Wright likens them to \"digital dollhouses\".", "Maxis __knowledge__ Maxis has also released games developed by other production houses, such as \"A-Train\" (1992, for Artdink) and \"SimTower\" (1994 for OPeNBook Co., Ltd.).", "Maxis __knowledge__ Maxis is the creator of one of the best-selling computer games of all time, \"The Sims\" (2000), its first major sequel \"The Sims 2\" (2004), and the majority of their later expansions.", "The Sims 3 Stuff packs __knowledge__ Stuff packs are minor expansion packs for \"The Sims 3\" that add new items, clothing, and furniture to the game without implementing any significant changes to gameplay.", "The Sims 3 Stuff packs __knowledge__ \"The Sims 3: High-End Loft Stuff\" (HELS), or \"The Sims 3 Design and Hi-Tech Stuff\" in Europe, is the first stuff pack for \"The Sims 3\", and was released in February 2, 2010.", "The Sims 3 Stuff packs __knowledge__ It includes high-end furnishings, electronic devices such as televisions, video game consoles, and computers, as well as postmodern designs of bookshelves, tables, and chairs.", "The Sims 3 Stuff packs __knowledge__ It contains clothes with a fashion-forward apparel, tailored suits, and sophisticated outerwear.", "The Sims 3: Ambitions __knowledge__ The Sims 3: Ambitions is the second expansion pack for the strategic life simulation computer game \"The Sims 3\".", "The Sims 3: Ambitions __knowledge__ It was released in June 2010.", "The Sims 3: Ambitions __knowledge__ \"The Sims 3: Ambitions\" introduces new career opportunities and control mechanisms into gameplay.", "The Sims 3: Ambitions __knowledge__ Manipulation of Sims' career progressions, actions and interactions during their working are feasible.", "The Sims 3: Ambitions __knowledge__ Additional career pathways introduce a diversity of skill sets available for acquisition.", "The Sims 3: Ambitions __knowledge__ These features, which were absent in \"The Sims 3\", give players greater control of their Sims' career pathways, choices and lives.", "The Sims 3: Ambitions __knowledge__ \"The Sims 3: Ambitions\" is a career-based expansion pack and introduces new career pathways, changing the style of gameplay involved in the game.", "The Sims 3: World Adventures __knowledge__ The Sims 3: World Adventures or World Adventures is the first expansion pack for the strategic life simulation computer game \"The Sims 3\".", "The Sims 3: World Adventures __knowledge__ It was announced on \"The Sims 3\" website in August 2009, and had a North American release on November 18, 2009.", "The Sims 3: World Adventures __knowledge__ The expansion pack focuses on travelling to various areas in a manner similar to previous expansions \"\" and \"\".", "The Sims 3: World Adventures __knowledge__ Sims are able to travel to simplified versions of France, China, and Egypt.", "The Sims 3: World Adventures __knowledge__ At these locations, sims are able to participate in adventures to earn rewards and benefits.", "The Sims 3: World Adventures __knowledge__ Sims are also able to level up in new skills: photography, martial arts, and nectar making.", "The Sims 3: Pets __knowledge__ The Sims 3: Pets is the fifth expansion pack for \"The Sims 3\" on PC and Mac, and is the second console game in the series.", "The Sims 3: Pets __knowledge__ It was released on October 18, 2011 in North America.", "The Sims 3: Pets __knowledge__ Like in previous expansions for \"The Sims\" games, this expansion introduces pets such as cats and dogs and, for the first time, horses into the game.", "The Sims 3: Pets __knowledge__ On June 3, 2011, EA confirmed the rumors with a press release and a game trailer which was released on their Official YouTube Channel.", "The Sims 3: Pets __knowledge__ \"The Sims 3: Pets\" expansion pack is focused around adding animals to the game.", "The Sims 3: Pets __knowledge__ The player creates their pet in a similar fashion to the 'Create A Sim' feature." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Xbox __knowledge__ Xbox is a video gaming brand created and owned by Microsoft.", "Xbox __knowledge__ It represents a series of video game consoles developed by Microsoft, with three consoles released in the sixth, seventh and eighth generations respectively.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The brand also represents applications (games), streaming services, and an online service by the name of Xbox Live.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The brand was first introduced in the United States in November 2001, with the launch of the original Xbox console.", "Xbox __knowledge__ That original device was the first video game console offered by an American company after the Atari Jaguar stopped sales in 1996.", "Xbox __knowledge__ It reached over 24 million units sold as of May 2006.", "Xbox __knowledge__ Microsoft's second console, the Xbox 360, was released in 2005 and has sold over 77.2 million consoles worldwide as of April 2013.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The successor to the Xbox 360 and Microsoft's most recent console, the Xbox One, was revealed in May 2013.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The Xbox One has been released in 21 markets in total, with a Chinese release in September 2014.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The head of Xbox is Phil Spencer, who succeeded former head Marc Whitten in late March 2014.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The original Xbox was released on November 15, 2001, in North America, February 22, 2002, in Japan, and March 14, 2002, in Australia and Europe.", "Howard Sims __knowledge__ Howard \"Sandman\" Sims (January 24, 1917 – May 20, 2003) was an African-American tap dancer who began his career in vaudeville.", "Howard Sims __knowledge__ He was skilled in a style of dancing that he performed in a wooden sandbox of his own construction, and acquired his nickname from the sand he sprinkled to alter and amplify the sound of his dance steps.", "Howard Sims __knowledge__ \"They called the board my Stradivarius,\" Sims said of his sandbox.", "Howard Sims __knowledge__ From the 1950s to the year 2000, Sims was a regular attraction — a \"fixture\" — at Harlem's noted Apollo Theater, comedically ushering failed acts offstage with a hook, broom or other prop.", "Howard Sims __knowledge__ He was also involved in New York City's Hoofers Club, a venue primarily for black tap dancers.", "Odyssey Sims __knowledge__ Odyssey Celeste Sims (born July 13, 1992) is an American professional basketball player for the Los Angeles Sparks of the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA).", "Odyssey Sims __knowledge__ An AP and WBCA All-American, Sims was born in Irving, Texas and graduated from MacArthur High School.", "Odyssey Sims __knowledge__ Sims was a 2010 graduate of MacArthur High School in Irving, Texas.", "Odyssey Sims __knowledge__ She was rated the number one point guard in the class of 2010, earned the WBCA/State Farm National High School Player of the Year award and had her jersey retired.", "Odyssey Sims __knowledge__ Sims attended Baylor University for four seasons.", "Odyssey Sims __knowledge__ As a freshman, Sims was Named National Freshman of the Year, was named Big 12 Freshman of the Year and also to the All-Big 12 first team.", "The Sims 2 __knowledge__ The Sims 2 is a 2004 strategic life simulation video game developed by Maxis and published by Electronic Arts.", "The Sims 2 __knowledge__ It is the sequel to \"The Sims\".", "The Sims 2 __knowledge__ The game has the same concept as its predecessor: players control their Sims in various activities and form relationships in a manner similar to real life.", "The Sims 2 __knowledge__ \"The Sims 2\", like its predecessor, does not have a defined final goal; gameplay is open-ended.", "The Sims 2 __knowledge__ Sims have life goals, wants and fears, the fulfillment of which can produce both positive or negative outcomes.", "The Sims 2 __knowledge__ All Sims age, and can live to 90 sim days depending on the degree to which their aspirations are fulfilled.", "The Sims 3 __knowledge__ The Sims 3 is the third major title in the life simulation video game developed by The Sims Studio (Maxis) and published by Electronic Arts.", "The Sims 3 __knowledge__ It is the sequel to \"The Sims 2\".", "The Sims 3 __knowledge__ It was announced that it was in development for PlayStation 3 and Wii in November 2006, and later announced for OS X and Microsoft Windows.", "The Sims 3 __knowledge__ It was first released on June 2, 2009 simultaneously for OS X and Microsoft Windows – both versions on the same disc.", "The Sims 3 __knowledge__ Smartphone versions were also released on June 2, 2009.", "The Sims 3 __knowledge__ Consoles versions were released for PlayStation 3, Xbox 360, and Nintendo DS in October 2010 and a month later for the Wii.", "Will Wright (game designer) __knowledge__ William Ralph \"Will\" Wright (born January 20, 1960) is an American video game designer and co-founder of the former game development company Maxis, and then part of Electronic Arts (EA).", "Will Wright (game designer) __knowledge__ In April 2009, he left EA to run Stupid Fun Club Camp, an entertainment think tank in which Wright and EA are principal shareholders.", "Will Wright (game designer) __knowledge__ The first computer game Wright designed was \"Raid on Bungeling Bay\" in 1984, but it was \"SimCity\" that brought him to prominence.", "Will Wright (game designer) __knowledge__ The game was released by Maxis, a company Wright formed with Jeff Braun, and he built upon the game's theme of computer simulation with numerous other titles including \"SimEarth\" and \"SimAnt\".", "The Sims 4 __knowledge__ The Sims 4 is the fourth major title in life simulation video game series \"The Sims\", developed by Maxis and The Sims Studio and published by Electronic Arts.", "The Sims 4 __knowledge__ \"The Sims 4\" was originally announced on May 6, 2013, and was released in North America on September 2, 2014 for Microsoft Windows.", "The Sims 4 __knowledge__ A Mac compatible version of the game was made available for digital download on February 17, 2015.", "The Sims 4 __knowledge__ \"The Sims 4\" is the first PC game to top all-format charts in two years.", "The Sims 4 __knowledge__ The game has received mixed reviews since its release, with the majority of criticism directed towards its lack of content.", "The Sims 4 __knowledge__ Since its launch, it became the best selling PC game of 2014 and 2015.", "The Sims (video game) __knowledge__ The Sims is a 2000 strategic life-simulation video game developed by Maxis and published by Electronic Arts.", "The Sims (video game) __knowledge__ It is a simulation of the daily activities of one or more virtual people (\"Sims\") in a suburban household near a fictional city.", "The Sims (video game) __knowledge__ The game's development was led by game designer Will Wright who is also known for developing the \"SimCity\" series.", "The Sims (video game) __knowledge__ \"The Sims\" original series had a total of seven expansion packs produced from 2000 to 2003, with expansions adding new items, characters, skins, and features.", "The Sims (video game) __knowledge__ The game has had several subsequent sequels; \"The Sims 2\" in 2004, \"The Sims 3\" in 2009, and \"The Sims 4\" in 2014.", "The Sims 4: Cats &amp; Dogs __knowledge__ The Sims 4: Cats & Dogs is an expansion pack for \"The Sims 4\" that was released on November 10, 2017.", "The Sims 4: Cats &amp; Dogs __knowledge__ It features a new world called Brindleton Bay and will add cats and dogs into the game.", "The Sims 4: Cats &amp; Dogs __knowledge__ It also will allow players to create their own veterinary practice and to pursue a veterinary career.", "The Sims 4: Cats &amp; Dogs __knowledge__ It takes elements from \"The Sims Unleashed\", \"\" and \"\".", "The Sims 4: Cats &amp; Dogs __knowledge__ \"Electronic Arts\" announced at Gamescom 2017 that players would be able to create cats and dogs with \"The Sims 4: Cats & Dogs\".", "The Sims 4: Cats &amp; Dogs __knowledge__ For the first time in the companies' history, Electronic Arts have partnered with Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals to host challenges for simmers.", "The Sims __knowledge__ The Sims is a life simulation game series that was developed by Maxis and The Sims Studio and published by Electronic Arts.", "The Sims __knowledge__ The franchise has sold nearly 200 million copies worldwide, and it is one of the best-selling video games series of all time.", "The Sims __knowledge__ The series was created by Maxis, before the development of the series transitioned to The Sims Studio between 2006 and 2008.", "The Sims __knowledge__ The Sims Studio later reintegrated into the refreshed EA Maxis label in 2012, where it continues to be developed by both teams.", "The Sims __knowledge__ The games in \"The Sims\" series are largely sandbox games, in that they lack any defined goals (except for some later expansion packs and console versions which introduced this gameplay style).", "The Sims 3: Pets __knowledge__ The Sims 3: Pets is the fifth expansion pack for \"The Sims 3\" on PC and Mac, and is the second console game in the series.", "The Sims 3: Pets __knowledge__ It was released on October 18, 2011 in North America.", "The Sims 3: Pets __knowledge__ Like in previous expansions for \"The Sims\" games, this expansion introduces pets such as cats and dogs and, for the first time, horses into the game.", "The Sims 3: Pets __knowledge__ On June 3, 2011, EA confirmed the rumors with a press release and a game trailer which was released on their Official YouTube Channel.", "The Sims 3: Pets __knowledge__ \"The Sims 3: Pets\" expansion pack is focused around adding animals to the game.", "The Sims 3: Pets __knowledge__ The player creates their pet in a similar fashion to the 'Create A Sim' feature.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Xbox __knowledge__ Xbox is a video gaming brand created and owned by Microsoft.", "Xbox __knowledge__ It represents a series of video game consoles developed by Microsoft, with three consoles released in the sixth, seventh and eighth generations respectively.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The brand also represents applications (games), streaming services, and an online service by the name of Xbox Live.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The brand was first introduced in the United States in November 2001, with the launch of the original Xbox console.", "Xbox __knowledge__ That original device was the first video game console offered by an American company after the Atari Jaguar stopped sales in 1996.", "Xbox __knowledge__ It reached over 24 million units sold as of May 2006.", "Xbox __knowledge__ Microsoft's second console, the Xbox 360, was released in 2005 and has sold over 77.2 million consoles worldwide as of April 2013.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The successor to the Xbox 360 and Microsoft's most recent console, the Xbox One, was revealed in May 2013.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The Xbox One has been released in 21 markets in total, with a Chinese release in September 2014.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The head of Xbox is Phil Spencer, who succeeded former head Marc Whitten in late March 2014.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The original Xbox was released on November 15, 2001, in North America, February 22, 2002, in Japan, and March 14, 2002, in Australia and Europe.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Sir Jonathan Paul \"Jony\" Ive, (born 27 February 1967), is an English industrial designer who is currently the chief design officer (CDO) of Apple and chancellor of the Royal College of Art in London.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ While working for a design firm in London he was asked by Apple, then a struggling company, to create a look for a new laptop.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ He took the design to Apple and was hired immediately.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive oversees the Apple Industrial Design Group and also provides leadership and direction for Human Interface software teams across the company.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive is the designer of many of Apple's hardware and software products.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive has received a number of accolades for his work.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants Inc. is an American video game developer founded in 1994 by special-effects and computer-animation veterans Sherry McKenna and Lorne Lanning.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The company is primarily known for the incomplete \"Oddworld Quintology\", a series of award-winning video games about the fictional planet of Oddworld and its native creatures.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The series debuted with \"\" in 1997 and continued with \"\" in 2001 but the studio has also developed standalone titles \"\" in 1998 and \"\" in 2005.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants took a break from game development for a time following the release of \"Stranger's Wrath\", even though it had already begun preliminary work on its next Oddworld title, \"The Brutal Ballad of Fangus Klot\".", "Xbox One __knowledge__ Xbox One is a line of eighth generation home video game consoles developed by Microsoft.", "Xbox One __knowledge__ Announced in May 2013, it is the successor to Xbox 360 and the third console in the Xbox family.", "Xbox One __knowledge__ It was first released in North America, parts of Europe, Australia, and Brazil in November 2013, and in Japan, China, and other European countries in September 2014.", "Xbox One __knowledge__ It is the first Xbox game console to be released in China, specifically in the Shanghai Free-Trade Zone.", "Xbox One __knowledge__ Microsoft marketed the device as an \"all-in-one entertainment system\".", "Xbox One __knowledge__ The Xbox One line mainly competes against consoles such as Sony's PlayStation 4 and Nintendo's Wii U and Switch.", "Xbox Live __knowledge__ Xbox Live is an online multiplayer gaming and digital media delivery service created and operated by Microsoft.", "Xbox Live __knowledge__ It was first made available to the Xbox system in November 2002.", "Xbox Live __knowledge__ An updated version of the service became available for the Xbox 360 console at the system's launch in November 2005, and a further enhanced version was released in 2013 with the Xbox One.", "Xbox Live __knowledge__ The service was extended in 2007 on the Windows platform, named Games for Windows – Live, which makes most aspects of the system available on Windows computers.", "Xbox Live __knowledge__ Microsoft has announced plans to extend Live to other platforms such as handhelds and mobile phones as part of the Live Anywhere initiative.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ The Xbox 360 is a home video game console developed by Microsoft.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ As the successor to the original Xbox, it is the second console in the Xbox series.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ It competed with Sony's PlayStation 3 and Nintendo's Wii as part of the seventh generation of video game consoles.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ It was officially unveiled on MTV on May 12, 2005, with detailed launch and game information announced later that month at the 2005 E3 expo.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ The Xbox 360 features an online service, Xbox Live, which was expanded from its previous iteration on the original Xbox and received regular updates during the console's lifetime.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ Available in free and subscription-based varieties, Xbox Live allows users to: play games online; download games (through Xbox Live Arcade) and game demos; purchase and stream music, television programs, and films through the Xbox Music and Xbox Video portals; and access third-party content services through media streaming applications.", "St Ive __knowledge__ St Ive ( ; ) is a village and civil parish in eastern Cornwall, England, United Kingdom.", "St Ive __knowledge__ The village is split into four parts: St Ive Church End, St Ive Cross, St Ive Keason and St Ive Parkfield.", "St Ive __knowledge__ In addition to the Parish an electoral ward exists stretching north of St Ive.", "St Ive __knowledge__ The population at the 2011 census was 4,246.", "St Ive __knowledge__ The parish used to be a large rural area of rolling landscape with wooded valleys and the population was sparse with the largest village being St Ive itself, sited on the A390.", "St Ive __knowledge__ The hamlet of Woolston lies to the northwest of St Ive.", "St Ive __knowledge__ The demography of the parish was radically altered with the mid-Victorian mining boom centred on Caradon Hill.", "List of video games notable for negative reception __knowledge__ The following video games are noted for their negative reception.", "List of video games notable for negative reception __knowledge__ They include games that won ironic and humorous awards (such as Golden Mullet Awards), games that have been named to lists of the \"worst\" games published by major video gaming publications or websites, games that have received low review scores from such publications (often determined by low aggregate scores on sites such as Metacritic), and games that have been recognized to be poorly received by players.", "List of video games notable for negative reception __knowledge__ Some of the older or rarer games have gained attention more recently through videos produced by popular YouTube personalities, such as \"Angry Video Game Nerd\".", "Maxis __knowledge__ EA Maxis is a subsidiary of Electronic Arts (EA).", "Maxis __knowledge__ The company was founded in 1987 as Maxis Software, an American independent video game development company, and later became known as Maxis.", "Maxis __knowledge__ Most Maxis titles are simulation-based.", "Maxis __knowledge__ Maxis founder Will Wright likens them to \"digital dollhouses\".", "Maxis __knowledge__ Maxis has also released games developed by other production houses, such as \"A-Train\" (1992, for Artdink) and \"SimTower\" (1994 for OPeNBook Co., Ltd.).", "Maxis __knowledge__ Maxis is the creator of one of the best-selling computer games of all time, \"The Sims\" (2000), its first major sequel \"The Sims 2\" (2004), and the majority of their later expansions.", "Will Wright (game designer) __knowledge__ William Ralph \"Will\" Wright (born January 20, 1960) is an American video game designer and co-founder of the former game development company Maxis, and then part of Electronic Arts (EA).", "Will Wright (game designer) __knowledge__ In April 2009, he left EA to run Stupid Fun Club Camp, an entertainment think tank in which Wright and EA are principal shareholders.", "Will Wright (game designer) __knowledge__ The first computer game Wright designed was \"Raid on Bungeling Bay\" in 1984, but it was \"SimCity\" that brought him to prominence.", "Will Wright (game designer) __knowledge__ The game was released by Maxis, a company Wright formed with Jeff Braun, and he built upon the game's theme of computer simulation with numerous other titles including \"SimEarth\" and \"SimAnt\".", "The Sims __knowledge__ The Sims is a life simulation game series that was developed by Maxis and The Sims Studio and published by Electronic Arts.", "The Sims __knowledge__ The franchise has sold nearly 200 million copies worldwide, and it is one of the best-selling video games series of all time.", "The Sims __knowledge__ The series was created by Maxis, before the development of the series transitioned to The Sims Studio between 2006 and 2008.", "The Sims __knowledge__ The Sims Studio later reintegrated into the refreshed EA Maxis label in 2012, where it continues to be developed by both teams.", "The Sims __knowledge__ The games in \"The Sims\" series are largely sandbox games, in that they lack any defined goals (except for some later expansion packs and console versions which introduced this gameplay style).", "SimCity __knowledge__ SimCity is an open-ended city-building video game series originally designed by developer Will Wright.", "SimCity __knowledge__ Developed in Orinda, California, it is published by Maxis (now a division of Electronic Arts) and has spawned several different editions that have sold worldwide, with the first game in the series, \"SimCity\", published in 1989.", "SimCity __knowledge__ The ongoing success of \"SimCity\" has also sparked the release of many other spin-off \"\"Sim\"\" titles, including 2000's \"The Sims\", one of the best-selling computer games.", "SimCity __knowledge__ In the \"SimCity\" games, the player is given the task of founding and developing a city from a patch of green land, defining what buildings are constructed via development zones; residential zones for Sims to live in; commercial zones for Sims to shop and have offices within; industrial zones to provide work through factories, laboratories and farms - as well as ensuring their citizens are kept happy through establishing various services and amenities, all while keeping a stable budget.", "The Sims 4 __knowledge__ The Sims 4 is the fourth major title in life simulation video game series \"The Sims\", developed by Maxis and The Sims Studio and published by Electronic Arts.", "The Sims 4 __knowledge__ \"The Sims 4\" was originally announced on May 6, 2013, and was released in North America on September 2, 2014 for Microsoft Windows.", "The Sims 4 __knowledge__ A Mac compatible version of the game was made available for digital download on February 17, 2015.", "The Sims 4 __knowledge__ \"The Sims 4\" is the first PC game to top all-format charts in two years.", "The Sims 4 __knowledge__ The game has received mixed reviews since its release, with the majority of criticism directed towards its lack of content.", "The Sims 4 __knowledge__ Since its launch, it became the best selling PC game of 2014 and 2015.", "Spore (2008 video game) __knowledge__ Spore is a 2008 life simulation real-time strategy single-player god game developed by Maxis and designed by Will Wright, released for Microsoft Windows and Mac OS X.", "Spore (2008 video game) __knowledge__ Covering many genres including action, real-time strategy, and role-playing games, \"Spore\" allows a player to control the development of a species from its beginnings as a microscopic organism, through development as an intelligent and social creature, to interstellar exploration as a spacefaring culture.", "Spore (2008 video game) __knowledge__ It has drawn wide attention for its massive scope, and its use of open-ended gameplay and procedural generation.", "Spore (2008 video game) __knowledge__ Throughout each stage, players are able to use various creators to produce content for their games.", "Electronic Arts __knowledge__ Electronic Arts Inc. (EA) is an American video game company headquartered in Redwood City, California.", "Electronic Arts __knowledge__ Founded and incorporated on May 28, 1982 by Trip Hawkins, the company was a pioneer of the early home computer games industry and was notable for promoting the designers and programmers responsible for its games.", "Electronic Arts __knowledge__ As of September 2017, Electronic Arts is the second-largest gaming company in the Americas and Europe by revenue and market capitalization after Activision Blizzard and ahead of Take-Two Interactive.", "Electronic Arts __knowledge__ The company has sparked controversies over its advertising efforts, microtransactions, and acquisition of other studios." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Xbox __knowledge__ Xbox is a video gaming brand created and owned by Microsoft.", "Xbox __knowledge__ It represents a series of video game consoles developed by Microsoft, with three consoles released in the sixth, seventh and eighth generations respectively.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The brand also represents applications (games), streaming services, and an online service by the name of Xbox Live.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The brand was first introduced in the United States in November 2001, with the launch of the original Xbox console.", "Xbox __knowledge__ That original device was the first video game console offered by an American company after the Atari Jaguar stopped sales in 1996.", "Xbox __knowledge__ It reached over 24 million units sold as of May 2006.", "Xbox __knowledge__ Microsoft's second console, the Xbox 360, was released in 2005 and has sold over 77.2 million consoles worldwide as of April 2013.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The successor to the Xbox 360 and Microsoft's most recent console, the Xbox One, was revealed in May 2013.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The Xbox One has been released in 21 markets in total, with a Chinese release in September 2014.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The head of Xbox is Phil Spencer, who succeeded former head Marc Whitten in late March 2014.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The original Xbox was released on November 15, 2001, in North America, February 22, 2002, in Japan, and March 14, 2002, in Australia and Europe.", "Xbox One __knowledge__ Xbox One is a line of eighth generation home video game consoles developed by Microsoft.", "Xbox One __knowledge__ Announced in May 2013, it is the successor to Xbox 360 and the third console in the Xbox family.", "Xbox One __knowledge__ It was first released in North America, parts of Europe, Australia, and Brazil in November 2013, and in Japan, China, and other European countries in September 2014.", "Xbox One __knowledge__ It is the first Xbox game console to be released in China, specifically in the Shanghai Free-Trade Zone.", "Xbox One __knowledge__ Microsoft marketed the device as an \"all-in-one entertainment system\".", "Xbox One __knowledge__ The Xbox One line mainly competes against consoles such as Sony's PlayStation 4 and Nintendo's Wii U and Switch.", "Xbox Live __knowledge__ Xbox Live is an online multiplayer gaming and digital media delivery service created and operated by Microsoft.", "Xbox Live __knowledge__ It was first made available to the Xbox system in November 2002.", "Xbox Live __knowledge__ An updated version of the service became available for the Xbox 360 console at the system's launch in November 2005, and a further enhanced version was released in 2013 with the Xbox One.", "Xbox Live __knowledge__ The service was extended in 2007 on the Windows platform, named Games for Windows – Live, which makes most aspects of the system available on Windows computers.", "Xbox Live __knowledge__ Microsoft has announced plans to extend Live to other platforms such as handhelds and mobile phones as part of the Live Anywhere initiative.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ The Xbox 360 is a home video game console developed by Microsoft.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ As the successor to the original Xbox, it is the second console in the Xbox series.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ It competed with Sony's PlayStation 3 and Nintendo's Wii as part of the seventh generation of video game consoles.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ It was officially unveiled on MTV on May 12, 2005, with detailed launch and game information announced later that month at the 2005 E3 expo.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ The Xbox 360 features an online service, Xbox Live, which was expanded from its previous iteration on the original Xbox and received regular updates during the console's lifetime.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ Available in free and subscription-based varieties, Xbox Live allows users to: play games online; download games (through Xbox Live Arcade) and game demos; purchase and stream music, television programs, and films through the Xbox Music and Xbox Video portals; and access third-party content services through media streaming applications.", "Xbox 360 system software __knowledge__ The Xbox 360 system software or the Xbox 360 Dashboard is the updateable software and operating system for the Xbox 360.", "Xbox 360 system software __knowledge__ It resides on a 16 MB file system and has access to a maximum of 32 MB of the system's memory.", "Xbox 360 system software __knowledge__ The updates can be downloaded from the Xbox Live service directly to the Xbox 360 and subsequently installed.", "Xbox 360 system software __knowledge__ Microsoft has also provided the ability to download system software updates from their respective official Xbox website to their PCs and then storage media, from which the update can be installed to the system.", "Xbox 360 system software __knowledge__ The Xbox 360 game system allows users to download applications that add to the functionality of the dashboard.", "List of Xbox 360 accessories __knowledge__ The Xbox 360 game console, developed by Microsoft, features a number of first-party and third-party accessories.", "List of Xbox 360 accessories __knowledge__ Up to four controllers are able to connect to Xbox 360, including wired and wireless gamepads.", "List of Xbox 360 accessories __knowledge__ The wireless controllers run on either AA batteries (Alkaline or rechargeable) or on a rechargeable battery pack.", "List of Xbox 360 accessories __knowledge__ The wired controllers may be connected to any of the USB ports on the console (the number of ports depends on model: old-style 360s have two at the front and one on the rear, while Xbox 360 S units have two at the front and three at the rear), or to a USB hub.", "List of Xbox 360 accessories __knowledge__ USB keyboards are also supported, but only for inputting text and navigating the dashboard; additionally, the number pad and hotkeys are non-functional.", "Xbox 360 technical specifications __knowledge__ The Xbox 360 technical specifications describe the various components of the Xbox 360 video game console.", "Xbox 360 technical specifications __knowledge__ The console features a port on the top when vertical (left side when horizontal) to which a custom-housed hard disk drive unit can be attached in sizes of either 20, 60, 120, 250, 320, 500 GB; and as of April 2015 all 2.5\" SATA Hard Drives up to 2TB, the user can use the format option from system settings to utilize the new HDD.", "Xbox 360 technical specifications __knowledge__ Inside, the Xbox 360 uses the triple-core IBM designed Xenon as its CPU, with each core capable of simultaneously processing two threads, and can therefore operate on up to six threads at once.", "Probability box __knowledge__ A probability box (or p-box) is a characterization of an uncertain number consisting of both aleatoric and epistemic uncertainties that is often used in risk analysis or quantitative uncertainty modeling where numerical calculations must be performed.", "Probability box __knowledge__ Probability bounds analysis is used to make arithmetic and logical calculations with p-boxes.", "Probability box __knowledge__ An example p-box is shown in the figure at right for an uncertain number \"x\" consisting of a left (upper) bound and a right (lower) bound on the probability distribution for \"x\".", "Probability box __knowledge__ The bounds are coincident for values of \"x\" below 0 and above 24.", "Probability box __knowledge__ The bounds may have almost any shapes, including step functions, so long as they are monotonically increasing and do not cross each other.", "LVN Pictures __knowledge__ LVN Pictures, Inc. is one of the biggest film studios in the history of Philippine cinema and its foremost establishment in motion picture post-production until 2005.", "LVN Pictures __knowledge__ In its heyday of motion picture production, LVN Pictures has been compared to that of the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios (MGM) of Hollywood because it had, under contract, the biggest stars and film craftsmen of the period.", "LVN Pictures __knowledge__ This was the oldest living film studio in the Philippines running for 68 years.", "LVN Pictures __knowledge__ LVN Pictures was formed by the De Leon [\"L\"], Villonco [\"V\"] and Nabua, Camarines Sur [\"N\"] families before the onset of World War II in 1938.", "Aircraft in fiction __knowledge__ Aircraft in fiction covers the various real-world aircraft that have made significant appearances in fiction over the decades, including in books, films, toys, TV programs, video games, and other media.", "Aircraft in fiction __knowledge__ These appearances spotlight the popularity of different models of aircraft, and showcase the different types for the general public.", "Aircraft in fiction __knowledge__ The first aviation film was the 1911 William J. Humphrey–directed two-reeler, \"The Military Air-Scout\", shot following an Aero Club of America flying meet at Long Island, New York, with Lt. Henry Arnold doing the stunt flying.", "Aircraft in fiction __knowledge__ \"Arnold, who picked up 'a few extra bucks' for his services, became so excited about movies that he almost quit the Army to become an actor.\"", "Ford Falcon (Australia) __knowledge__ The Ford Falcon was a full-sized car manufactured by the Ford Motor Company of Australia from 1960 to 2016.", "Ford Falcon (Australia) __knowledge__ From the XA series of 1972 onward, each Falcon and range of derivates have been designed, developed, and built in Australia, following the phasing out of the American-influenced Falcon of 1960 to 1971, which had been re-engineered locally as the XK to XY series for the harsher Australian conditions.", "Ford Falcon (Australia) __knowledge__ The luxury-oriented Ford Fairmont model joined the range from 1965.", "Ford Falcon (Australia) __knowledge__ Luxury long-wheelbase derivative versions called the Ford Fairlane and LTD arrived in 1967 and 1973, respectively (with production ending in 2007).", "Simon Ferry __knowledge__ Simon William Ferry (born 11 January 1988) is a Scottish professional footballer, who currently plays for Peterhead.", "Simon Ferry __knowledge__ Ferry started his career with Scottish Premier League club Celtic but never played for the club.", "Simon Ferry __knowledge__ He spent the 2009–10 season on loan at Swindon who then signed him permanently at the end of the deal for £300,000.", "Simon Ferry __knowledge__ He then moved to Portsmouth In June 2014, he joined Dundee and spent just over one year at the club.", "Simon Ferry __knowledge__ Ferry has played for the Scotland national under-19 football team and featured for them at the 2006 European Under-19 Championship.", "Simon Ferry __knowledge__ Having played for the Celtic youth teams, Ferry signed a four-and-a-half-year professional contract with the club in January 2006.", "X-Men Origins: Wolverine __knowledge__ X-Men Origins: Wolverine is a 2009 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics fictional character Wolverine, distributed by 20th Century Fox.", "X-Men Origins: Wolverine __knowledge__ It is the fourth installment of the \"X-Men\" film series and the first spinoff of its standalone Wolverine trilogy.", "X-Men Origins: Wolverine __knowledge__ The film was directed by Gavin Hood, written by David Benioff and Skip Woods, and produced by and starring Hugh Jackman.", "X-Men Origins: Wolverine __knowledge__ It co-stars Liev Schreiber, Danny Huston, Dominic Monaghan and Ryan Reynolds.", "X-Men Origins: Wolverine __knowledge__ The film is a prequel/spin-off focusing on the violent past of the mutant Wolverine and his relationship with his half-brother Victor Creed.", "Golf course __knowledge__ A golf course is the grounds where the game of golf is played.", "Golf course __knowledge__ It comprises a series of holes, each consisting of a teeing ground, a fairway, the rough and other hazards, and a green with a flagstick (\"pin\") and hole (\"cup\").", "Golf course __knowledge__ A standard round of golf consists of 18 holes.", "Golf course __knowledge__ Most courses contain 18 holes; some share fairways or greens, and a subset has nine holes, played twice per round.", "Golf course __knowledge__ Par-3 courses consist of nine or 18 holes all of which have a par of three strokes.", "Golf course __knowledge__ Many older courses are links, often coastal.", "Golf course __knowledge__ Courses are private, public, and municipally owned, and typically feature a pro shop." ] ]

[ 20, 40, 35, 24, 26 ]

[ "I remember when The Sims 3 came out in 2009, it was one of my favorite games.", "Did you get the SIms 4 expansion back Cats and Dogs? I think it came out in 2017", "Have you ever heard of WIll Wright? Will Wrigh started the company Maxis and EA. Which created the Sims.", "I remember when X Box one was released in 2013. I bought one.", "I remember when it came out in 2005, it was in the spring. I also bought one." ]

[ "Xbox", "Xbox", "Xbox", "Xbox", "Xbox" ]

[ "Tourism in Rome", "I have heard there are excellent hotels there, where you can enjoy the view.", "I also hear about the epicenter of Roman Catholicism, St. Peter's Basilica is centered in Vatican City and open daily for free" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tourism in Rome __knowledge__ Rome today is one of the most important tourist destinations of the world, due to the incalculable immensity of its archaeological and art treasures, as well as for the charm of its unique traditions, the beauty of its panoramic views, and the majesty of its magnificent \"villas\" (parks).", "Tourism in Rome __knowledge__ Among the most significant resources: plenty of museums - (Capitoline Museums, the Vatican Museums, Galleria Borghese, and a great many others)—aqueducts, fountains, churches, palaces, historical buildings, the monuments and ruins of the Roman Forum, and the Catacombs.", "Tourism in Rome __knowledge__ Rome is the 3rd most visited city in the EU, after London and Paris, and receives an average of 7-10 million tourists a year, which sometimes doubles on holy years.", "Tourism in Rome __knowledge__ The Colosseum (4 million tourists) and the Vatican Museums (4.2 million tourists) are the 39th and 37th (respectively) most visited places in the world, according to a recent study.", "Tourism in Rome __knowledge__ In 2005 the city registered 19.5 million of global visitors, up of 22.1% from 2001. and also, in 2006 Rome has been visited by 6.03 million of international tourists, reaching the 8th place in the ranking of the world's 150 most visited cities.", "Tourism in Rome __knowledge__ The city has also been nominated 2007's fourth most desirable city to visit in the world, according to lifestyle magazine Travel + Leisure, after Florence, Buenos Aires and Bangkok." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tourism in Rome __knowledge__ Rome today is one of the most important tourist destinations of the world, due to the incalculable immensity of its archaeological and art treasures, as well as for the charm of its unique traditions, the beauty of its panoramic views, and the majesty of its magnificent \"villas\" (parks).", "Tourism in Rome __knowledge__ Among the most significant resources: plenty of museums - (Capitoline Museums, the Vatican Museums, Galleria Borghese, and a great many others)—aqueducts, fountains, churches, palaces, historical buildings, the monuments and ruins of the Roman Forum, and the Catacombs.", "Tourism in Rome __knowledge__ Rome is the 3rd most visited city in the EU, after London and Paris, and receives an average of 7-10 million tourists a year, which sometimes doubles on holy years.", "Tourism in Rome __knowledge__ The Colosseum (4 million tourists) and the Vatican Museums (4.2 million tourists) are the 39th and 37th (respectively) most visited places in the world, according to a recent study.", "Tourism in Rome __knowledge__ In 2005 the city registered 19.5 million of global visitors, up of 22.1% from 2001. and also, in 2006 Rome has been visited by 6.03 million of international tourists, reaching the 8th place in the ranking of the world's 150 most visited cities.", "Tourism in Rome __knowledge__ The city has also been nominated 2007's fourth most desirable city to visit in the world, according to lifestyle magazine Travel + Leisure, after Florence, Buenos Aires and Bangkok.", "California v. Murray __knowledge__ The trial of Conrad Murray (People of the State of California v. Conrad Robert Murray) was the American criminal trial of Michael Jackson's personal physician, Conrad Murray, who was charged with involuntary manslaughter for the pop singer's death on June 25, 2009, from a massive overdose of the general anesthetic propofol.", "California v. Murray __knowledge__ The trial, which started on September 27, 2011, was held in the Los Angeles County Superior Court in Los Angeles, California, before Judge Michael Pastor and it was televised.", "California v. Murray __knowledge__ The prosecutors in the case (David Walgren and Deborah Brazil, both Los Angeles deputy district attorneys), in their opening statement, told jurors: \"misplaced trust in the hands of Murray cost Jackson his life\".", "Jamie Thomas __knowledge__ Jamie Thomas (born October 11, 1974) is an American professional skateboarder and skateboard industry entrepreneur.", "Jamie Thomas __knowledge__ Thomas is the owner and founder of Zero Skateboards and Fallen Footwear, until he announced its closure in January 2017.", "Jamie Thomas __knowledge__ Thomas' nickname in the skateboard industry is The Chief.", "Jamie Thomas __knowledge__ Thomas grew up in Dothan, Alabama, United States.", "Jamie Thomas __knowledge__ Thomas started skateboarding at the age of eleven.", "Jamie Thomas __knowledge__ In 1992 Thomas left Alabama and relocated to San Francisco, California in order to pursue a career in professional skateboarding.", "Jamie Thomas __knowledge__ At the time, he was sponsored by Thunder Trucks, Spitfire Wheels, Vans and as a flow rider for Real Skateboards.", "The People of Juvik __knowledge__ The People of Juvik is a series of six historical novels by Norwegian author Olav Duun.", "The People of Juvik __knowledge__ The books chronicle the lives of the Juvikings, an old Norwegian landowning peasant family living in the Namdal valley.", "The People of Juvik __knowledge__ The series covers six or seven generations of Juvikings, starting with Per Anders Juvika, the last of the old style Juvikings, and ending with Per and Anders, the sons of Odin Setran, Per Anders' great-great-great grandfather.", "The People of Juvik __knowledge__ The first novel, \"The Trough of the Wave\" (\"Juvikingar\" in Norwegian), starts out at Juvik, a fictional farm in the Namdal, but moves to Haaberg when Per Anders' son Per leaves his ancestral lands and buys his sister's late husband's farm.", "Zero Skateboards __knowledge__ Zero Skateboards is a skateboard company located in Carlsbad, California, United States (US).", "Zero Skateboards __knowledge__ The brand was founded by professional skateboarder and entrepreneur Jamie Thomas, and distributed by his Black Box Distribution company.", "Zero Skateboards __knowledge__ In late June, 2014, Thomas announced that the brand would be distributed by the Dwindle Distribution company, based in El Segundo, California, US.", "Zero Skateboards __knowledge__ Subsequently, in 2016, Thomas and Dwindle announced that Zero Skateboards would be operated independently by Thomas.", "Zero Skateboards __knowledge__ The Zero brand was originally a clothing company, formed in 1996, and subsequently evolved into a skateboard company, with Thomas leaving Toy Machine to become Zero's first professional team rider.", "Manzanillo, Colima __knowledge__ Manzanillo () is a city, seat of Manzanillo Municipality, in the Mexican state of Colima.", "Manzanillo, Colima __knowledge__ The city, located on the Pacific Ocean, contains Mexico's busiest port that is responsible for handling Pacific cargo for the Mexico City area.", "Manzanillo, Colima __knowledge__ It is the largest producing municipality for the business sector and tourism in the state of Colima.", "Manzanillo, Colima __knowledge__ The city is known as the \"sailfish capital of the world\".", "Manzanillo, Colima __knowledge__ Since 1957, it has hosted important national and international fishing competitions, such as the Dorsey Tournament, making it a very attractive fishing destination.", "Manzanillo, Colima __knowledge__ Manzanillo has become one of the country's most important tourist resorts, and its excellent hotels and restaurants continue to meet the demands of both national and international tourism.", "Chris Cole (skateboarder) __knowledge__ Chris Cole (born March 10, 1982) is a professional skateboarder.", "Chris Cole (skateboarder) __knowledge__ As of June 2017, his sponsors are Plan B, Monster Energy, Bones bearings, Cult Crew, Thunder, Spitfire, Reign Skate Shop, Stance, Kershaw Knives, Grizzly Griptape and GoPro.", "Chris Cole (skateboarder) __knowledge__ Cole was born in Statesville, North Carolina, United States (US), and grew up in Langhorne, Pennsylvania, U.S. chriscobracole.com/biography Cole gained attention following the completion of a number of difficult tricks: 360 flip and Switch Frontside flip down the staircase at Wallenberg High School in San Francisco, California.", "Black Box Distribution __knowledge__ Black Box Distribution was a skateboard distributor owned by professional skateboarder Jamie Thomas.", "Black Box Distribution __knowledge__ Prior to October 2014, it served seven brands, three of which were owned by Thomas: Fallen Footwear, Mystery Skateboards and Zero Skateboards.", "Black Box Distribution __knowledge__ In June 2015, the company no longer existed, and the Zero and Fallen brands were distributed by Dwindle Distribution.", "Black Box Distribution __knowledge__ The company was founded in 2000, thereby allowing Thomas to distribute his Zero Skateboards brand, which had been founded as the Zero Division apparel brand in 1996.", "Black Box Distribution __knowledge__ The brand was initially supported by American distributor Tum Yeto (responsible for distributing Thomas' previous skateboard deck sponsor Toy Machine).", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) is an American media franchise and shared universe that is centered on a series of superhero films, independently produced by Marvel Studios and based on characters that appear in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The franchise has expanded to include comic books, short films, television series, and digital series.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The shared universe, much like the original Marvel Universe in comic books, was established by crossing over common plot elements, settings, cast, and characters.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Phil Coulson, portrayed by Clark Gregg, is an original character to the MCU and the only character to appear across all the different media of the MCU.", "Cheryl B __knowledge__ Cheryl Burke (September 19, 1972 – June 18, 2011), known professionally as Cheryl B, was an American journalist, spoken word poet, performance artist and playwright, associated with the East Village arts scene in New York City.", "Cheryl B __knowledge__ She is best known for her autobiographical book \"My Awesome Place: The Autobiography of Cheryl B\", which was published posthumously and was co-winner, with John Irving's novel \"In One Person\", of the 2013 Lambda Literary Award for Bisexual Literature.", "Cheryl B __knowledge__ Burke was born on September 19, 1972, in Staten Island, New York and raised in New Jersey.", "Cheryl B __knowledge__ She later moved to New York City, where she was a graduate of both New York University and The New School.", "Eikev __knowledge__ Eikev, Ekev, Ekeb, Aikev, or Eqeb ( — Hebrew for \"if [you follow],\" the second word, and the first distinctive word, in the parashah) is the 46th weekly Torah portion (, \"parashah\") in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the third in the Book of Deuteronomy.", "Eikev __knowledge__ It comprises The parashah tells of the blessings of obedience to God and the dangers of forgetting God, directions for taking the Land of Israel.", "Eikev __knowledge__ Moses recalls the making and re-making of the Tablets of Stone, the incident of the Golden Calf, Aaron's death, the Levites' duties, and exhortations to serve God.", "Eikev __knowledge__ The parashah is made up of 6,865 Hebrew letters, 1,747 Hebrew words, and 111 verses, and can occupy about 232 lines in a Torah Scroll (, \"Sefer Torah\").", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of supporting characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ is a fictional character in the anime \"Tenchi Muyo!\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ OVA In the OVA, Katsuhito, also known as , fled Jurai over 700 years ago to \"retire\" on Earth.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ He was once the greatest swordsman on Jurai.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ Currently Katsuhito is a Shinto priest who is not only training Tenchi to be a Shinto priest but also training him in Jurai swordsmanship.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ Yōshō had a marriage arranged with half-sister Ayeka, but left.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ At the time, not all Juraians liked the idea of mixed blood heritages (he is part human, on his mother's side) and he used Ryōko's attack as an excuse to slip away to Earth.", "Civilization Phaze III __knowledge__ Civilization Phaze III is the sixty-third album by Frank Zappa, released posthumously as a double album on October 31, 1994.", "Civilization Phaze III __knowledge__ It was the first studio album of new material from Zappa since 1986's \"Jazz from Hell\".", "Civilization Phaze III __knowledge__ The album marks the third part of a conceptual continuity that started with \"We're Only in It for the Money\" (1968), with the second part being a re-edited version of Zappa's 1967 album \"Lumpy Gravy\".", "Civilization Phaze III __knowledge__ The storyline of \"Civilization Phaze III\" involves a group of people living inside a piano, and the menacing reality of the outside world.", "Civilization Phaze III __knowledge__ The album's themes include personal isolation and nationalism.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the DreamWorks animated film media franchise \"Kung Fu Panda\", with their shorts and specials \"Secrets of the Furious Five\", \"Kung Fu Panda Holiday\", \"\", and \"\", as well as the video games and TV show \"\".", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The world of \"Kung Fu Panda\" is a fantasized version of ancient China as typically depicted in the wuxia film genre populated by anthropomorphized Asian animals where the martial arts can have magical qualities on top of extraordinary physical prowess for those sufficiently skilled.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ Master Po Ping (Chinese for \"Precious Peace\"), born Lotus Shan, is the titular protagonist of the \"Kung Fu Panda\" franchise.", "List of Minsan Lang Kita Iibigin characters __knowledge__ This article contains cast and character information for the ABS-CBN Philippine action drama television soap opera Minsan Lang Kita Iibigin.", "List of Minsan Lang Kita Iibigin characters __knowledge__ 2nd Lt. Alexander \"Xander\" S. Del Tierro (Coco Martin) He comes from a prominent family with a strong military background.", "List of Minsan Lang Kita Iibigin characters __knowledge__ He has a domineering grandfather who is one of the country's feared generals, a manipulative mother solely devoted to pleasing her father, her husband but not her own son, and a father who is a respected military officer and the only one who truly understands him.", "List of Minsan Lang Kita Iibigin characters __knowledge__ He has consistently refused to join the military academy, but one major mistake made him decide otherwise." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tourism in Rome __knowledge__ Rome today is one of the most important tourist destinations of the world, due to the incalculable immensity of its archaeological and art treasures, as well as for the charm of its unique traditions, the beauty of its panoramic views, and the majesty of its magnificent \"villas\" (parks).", "Tourism in Rome __knowledge__ Among the most significant resources: plenty of museums - (Capitoline Museums, the Vatican Museums, Galleria Borghese, and a great many others)—aqueducts, fountains, churches, palaces, historical buildings, the monuments and ruins of the Roman Forum, and the Catacombs.", "Tourism in Rome __knowledge__ Rome is the 3rd most visited city in the EU, after London and Paris, and receives an average of 7-10 million tourists a year, which sometimes doubles on holy years.", "Tourism in Rome __knowledge__ The Colosseum (4 million tourists) and the Vatican Museums (4.2 million tourists) are the 39th and 37th (respectively) most visited places in the world, according to a recent study.", "Tourism in Rome __knowledge__ In 2005 the city registered 19.5 million of global visitors, up of 22.1% from 2001. and also, in 2006 Rome has been visited by 6.03 million of international tourists, reaching the 8th place in the ranking of the world's 150 most visited cities.", "Tourism in Rome __knowledge__ The city has also been nominated 2007's fourth most desirable city to visit in the world, according to lifestyle magazine Travel + Leisure, after Florence, Buenos Aires and Bangkok.", "Vatican City __knowledge__ Vatican City (; ; ), officially Vatican City State or State of Vatican City (; ), is a sovereign state located within the city of Rome.", "Vatican City __knowledge__ With an area of 44 hectares (110 acres), and a population of about 1,000, it is the smallest state in the world by both area and population.", "Vatican City __knowledge__ However, formally it is not sovereign, with sovereignty being held by the Holy See.", "Vatican City __knowledge__ It is an ecclesiastical or sacerdotal-monarchical state (a type of theocracy) ruled by the Bishop of Rome – the Pope.", "Vatican City __knowledge__ The highest state functionaries are all Catholic clergy of various national origins.", "Vatican City __knowledge__ Since the return of the popes from Avignon in 1377, they have generally resided at the Apostolic Palace within what is now Vatican City, although at times residing instead in the Quirinal Palace in Rome or elsewhere.", "History of Rome __knowledge__ During the 5th century BC, Rome gained regional dominance in Latium, and eventually the entire Italian peninsula by the 3rd century BC.", "History of Rome __knowledge__ The population of the city at this point is estimated at about 310,000 people.", "History of Rome __knowledge__ With the Punic Wars from 264 to 146 BC, Rome gained dominance over the Western Mediterranean, displacing Carthage as the dominant regional power.", "History of Rome __knowledge__ The Roman Empire was established under Octavian in 27 BC, after Julius Caesar's conquest of Gaul, followed by a period of civil war.", "History of Rome __knowledge__ The city of Rome now surpassed a population of one million, likely the first city in history to reach this size (compared to world population of about 200–300 million at the time).", "St. Peter's Basilica __knowledge__ The Papal Basilica of St. Peter in the Vatican (), or simply St. Peter's Basilica (), is an Italian Renaissance church in Vatican City, the papal enclave within the city of Rome.", "St. Peter's Basilica __knowledge__ Designed principally by Donato Bramante, Michelangelo, Carlo Maderno and Gian Lorenzo Bernini, St. Peter's is the most renowned work of Renaissance architecture and the largest church in the world.", "St. Peter's Basilica __knowledge__ While it is neither the mother church of the Catholic Church nor the cathedral of the Diocese of Rome, St. Peter's is regarded as one of the holiest Catholic shrines.", "St. Peter's Basilica __knowledge__ It has been described as \"holding a unique position in the Christian world\" and as \"the greatest of all churches of Christendom\".", "Pope Francis __knowledge__ Pope Francis (; ; ; born Jorge Mario Bergoglio; 17 December 1936) is the 266th and current Pope of the Catholic Church, a title he holds \"ex officio\" as Bishop of Rome, and sovereign of Vatican City.", "Pope Francis __knowledge__ He chose Francis as his papal name in honor of Saint Francis of Assisi.", "Pope Francis __knowledge__ Francis is the first Jesuit pope, the first from the Americas, the first from the Southern Hemisphere, and the first pope from outside Europe since the Syrian Gregory III, who reigned in the 8th century.", "Pope Francis __knowledge__ Born in Buenos Aires, Argentina, Bergoglio worked briefly as a chemical technologist and nightclub bouncer before beginning seminary studies.", "Rome __knowledge__ Rome ( ; , ) is the capital of Italy and a special comune (named \"Comune di Roma Capitale\").", "Rome __knowledge__ Rome also serves as the capital of the Lazio region.", "Rome __knowledge__ With 2,876,051 residents in , it is also the country's most populated comune.", "Rome __knowledge__ It is the fourth-most populous city in the European Union by population within city limits.", "Rome __knowledge__ It is the centre of the Metropolitan City of Rome, which has a population of 4.3 million residents.", "Rome __knowledge__ Rome is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, within Lazio (Latium), along the shores of the Tiber.", "Rome __knowledge__ The Vatican City is an independent country inside the city boundaries of Rome, the only existing example of a country within a city: for this reason Rome has been often defined as capital of two states.", "Pope John Paul II __knowledge__ Pope Saint John Paul II (; ; ; born Karol Józef Wojtyła; ; 18 May 1920 – 2 April 2005) served as Pope of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City from 1978 to 2005.", "Pope John Paul II __knowledge__ He is called Saint John Paul the Great by some Catholics.", "Pope John Paul II __knowledge__ He was elected by the second Papal conclave of 1978, which was called after Pope John Paul I, who had been elected in August to succeed Pope Paul VI, died after thirty-three days.", "Pope John Paul II __knowledge__ Cardinal Wojtyła was elected on the third day of the conclave and adopted his predecessor's name in tribute to him.", "Pope John Paul II __knowledge__ John Paul II is recognised as helping to end Communist rule in his native Poland and eventually all of Europe.", "Pope Pius XII __knowledge__ Pope Pius XII (), born Eugenio Maria Giuseppe Giovanni Pacelli (; 2 March 18769 October 1958), was head of the Catholic Church from 2 March 1939 to his death in 1958.", "Pope Pius XII __knowledge__ Before his election to the papacy, Pacelli served as secretary of the Department of Extraordinary Ecclesiastical Affairs, papal nuncio to Germany (1917–1929), and Cardinal Secretary of State, in which capacity he worked to conclude treaties with European and Latin American nations, most notably the \"Reichskonkordat\" with Nazi Germany, with which most historians believe the Vatican sought to protect the Church in Germany while Adolf Hitler sought the destruction of \"political Catholicism\".", "Tourism in Greece __knowledge__ Tourism in Greece has been a key element of the economic activity in the country, and is one of the country's most important sectors.", "Tourism in Greece __knowledge__ Greece has been a major tourist destination and attraction in Europe since antiquity, for its rich culture and history, which is reflected in large part by its 18 UNESCO World Heritage Sites, among the most in Europe and the world as well as for its long coastline, many islands and beaches.", "Tourism in Greece __knowledge__ Greece has attracted 26.5 million visitors in 2015 and 30 million visitors in 2016, making Greece one of the most visited countries in Europe and the world and contributing 18% to the nation's Gross Domestic Product, with its capital city Athens, as well as Santorini, Mykonos, Rhodes, Corfu, Crete and Chalkidice being some of the country's major tourist destinations.", "Tourism in Costa Rica __knowledge__ Tourism in Costa Rica is one of the fastest growing economic sectors of the country and by 1995 became the largest foreign exchange earner.", "Tourism in Costa Rica __knowledge__ Since 1999, tourism earns more foreign exchange than bananas, pineapples and coffee exports combined.", "Tourism in Costa Rica __knowledge__ The tourism boom began in 1987, with the number of visitors up from 329,000 in 1988, through 1.03 million in 1999, over 2 million in 2008, to a historical record of 2.66 million foreign visitors in 2015.", "Tourism in Costa Rica __knowledge__ In 2012 tourism contributed with 12.5% of the country's GDP and it was responsible for 11.7% of direct and indirect employment.", "Tourism in Costa Rica __knowledge__ In 2009 tourism attracted 17% of foreign direct investment inflows, and 13% in average between 2000 and 2009.", "Tourism in India by state __knowledge__ Tourism in India is economically important and is growing rapidly.", "Tourism in India by state __knowledge__ The World Travel & Tourism Council calculated that tourism generated or 9.6% of the nation's GDP in 2016 and supported 40.343 million jobs, 9.3% of its total employment.", "Tourism in India by state __knowledge__ The sector is predicted to grow at an annual rate of 6.8% to by 2027 (10% of GDP).", "Tourism in India by state __knowledge__ Various states and union territories of India attract tourists due to diversity among them.", "Tourism in India by state __knowledge__ Tourism is the major revenue generating industry in Andaman and Nicobar Islands.", "Tourism in India by state __knowledge__ According to official estimates, the flow of tourists in the Andamans was doubled to nearly 300,000 in 2012 from 130,000 in 2008–09.", "Chennai __knowledge__ Chennai (; formerly known as Madras or ) is the capital of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.", "Chennai __knowledge__ Located on the Coromandel Coast off the Bay of Bengal, it is one of the biggest cultural, economic and educational centres in South India.", "Chennai __knowledge__ According to the 2011 Indian census, it is the fifth-largest city and fourth-most populous urban agglomeration in India.", "Chennai __knowledge__ The city together with the adjoining regions constitute the Chennai Metropolitan Area, which is the 36th-largest urban area by population in the world.", "Chennai __knowledge__ Chennai is among the most visited Indian cities by foreign tourists.", "Chennai __knowledge__ It was ranked 43rd most visited city in the world for year 2015.", "Hainan __knowledge__ Hainan is the smallest and southernmost province of China, consisting of various islands in the South China Sea.", "Hainan __knowledge__ , separated from Guangdong's Leizhou Peninsula by the Qiongzhou Strait, is the largest island under PRC control (Taiwan, which is slightly larger, is also claimed but not controlled by the PRC) and makes up the majority of the province.", "Hainan __knowledge__ The province has an area of , with Hainan Island making up (97%) and the rest divided among 200 islands scattered across three archipelagos.", "Hainan __knowledge__ It was administered as part of Guangdong until 1988, when it became a separate province; around the same time, it was made the largest Special Economic Zone established by Deng Xiaoping as part of the Opening Up of China.", "Economy of Rome __knowledge__ Rome is a major EU and international financial, cultural and a business centre.", "Economy of Rome __knowledge__ Rome's trade is 0.001% of world economic trade.", "Economy of Rome __knowledge__ With a 2005 GDP of €94.376 billion (US$121.5 billion), the city produces 6.7% of the national GDP after Milan which provides 10%, and its unemployment rate, lowered from 11.1% to 6.5% between 2001 and 2005, is now one of the lowest rates of all the European Union capital cities.", "Economy of Rome __knowledge__ Rome grows +4.4% annually and continues to grow at a higher rate in comparison to any other city in the rest of the country.", "Economy of Rome __knowledge__ This means that were Rome a country, it would be the world's 52nd richest country by GDP, near to the size to that of Egypt." ] ]

[ 2, 3, 19 ]

[ "I would love to visit Rome someday. It seems like such an awesome place. I love the architecture and history.", "I heard it's one of the most visited cities in Europe with up to 10 million tourists visiting a year!", "I am a big fan of Michelangelo's work, I think this is the most popular example of renaissance architecture." ]

[ "Tourism in Rome", "Tourism in Rome", "Tourism in Rome" ]

[ "Pizza", "I am not picky when it comes to food, I probably eat too much fast food these days! I really enjoy Mexican cuisine. How about you?", "I love pizza! There are so many different styles of pizza, from deep dish to thin. I enjoy them all!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "Latin American cuisine __knowledge__ Latin American cuisine is the typical foods, beverages, and cooking styles common to many of the countries and cultures in Latin America.", "Latin American cuisine __knowledge__ Latin America is a highly diverse area of land that holds various cuisines that vary from nation to nation.", "Latin American cuisine __knowledge__ Some items typical of Latin American cuisine include maize-based dishes arepas, pupusas, tacos, tamales, tortillas and various salsas and other condiments (guacamole, pico de gallo, mole, chimichurri, chili, aji, pebre).", "Latin American cuisine __knowledge__ These spices are generally what give the Latin American cuisines a distinct flavor; yet, each country of Latin America tends to use a different spice and those that share spices tend to use them at different quantities.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ Mexican cuisine began 9,000 years ago, 7,000 BCE, when agricultural communities such as the Maya formed, domesticating maize, creating the standard process of corn nixtamalization, and establishing their foodways.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ Successive waves of other Mesoamerican groups, including the Olmec, Teotihuacanos, Toltec, Huastec, Zapotec, Mixtec, Otomi, and Purépecha, brought with them their own cooking methods.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ The Mexica establishment of the Aztec Empire created a multi-ethnic society where many different foodways became infused.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ The staples are native foods, such as corn, beans, squash, amaranth, chia, avocados, tomatoes, tomatillos, chocolate, vanilla, agave, turkey, sweet potato, cactus, and chili pepper.", "Fast food __knowledge__ Fast food is a mass-produced food that is prepared and served very quickly.", "Fast food __knowledge__ The food is typically less nutritionally valuable compared to other foods and dishes.", "Fast food __knowledge__ While any meal with low preparation time can be considered fast food, typically the term refers to food sold in a restaurant or store with frozen, preheated or precooked ingredients, and served to the customer in a packaged form for take-out/take-away.", "Fast food __knowledge__ Fast food restaurants are traditionally distinguished by their ability to serve food via a drive-through.", "Fast food __knowledge__ Outlets may be stands or kiosks, which may provide no shelter or seating, or fast food restaurants (also known as \"quick service restaurants\").", "Criticism of fast food __knowledge__ Criticism of fast food includes claimed negative health effects, alleged animal cruelty, cases of worker exploitation, and claims of cultural degradation via shifts in people's eating patterns away from traditional foods.", "Criticism of fast food __knowledge__ Fast food chains have come under fire from consumer groups, such as the Center for Science in the Public Interest, a longtime fast food critic over issues such as caloric content, trans fats and portion sizes.", "Criticism of fast food __knowledge__ Social scientists have highlighted how the prominence of fast food narratives in popular urban legends suggests that modern consumers have an ambivalent relationship (characterized by guilt) with fast food, particularly in relation to children.", "Fast food restaurant __knowledge__ A fast food restaurant, also known as a quick service restaurant (QSR) within the industry, is a specific type of restaurant that serves fast food cuisine and has minimal table service.", "Fast food restaurant __knowledge__ The food served in fast food restaurants is typically part of a \"meat-sweet diet\", offered from a limited menu, cooked in bulk in advance and kept hot, finished and packaged to order, and usually available for take away, though seating may be provided.", "Fast food restaurant __knowledge__ Fast food restaurants are typically part of a restaurant chain or franchise operation that provisions standardized ingredients and/or partially prepared foods and supplies to each restaurant through controlled supply channels.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Midwestern cuisine is a regional cuisine of the American Midwest.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ It draws its culinary roots most significantly from the cuisines of Central, Northern and Eastern Europe, and Native North America, and is influenced by regionally and locally grown foodstuffs and cultural diversity.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Everyday Midwestern home cooking generally showcases simple and hearty dishes that make use of the abundance of locally grown foods.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Its culinary profiles may seem synonymous with \"American food.\"", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Quoted in a 2007 interview with the \"Daily Herald\", Chef Stephen Langlois, a pioneer in the Midwestern local food movement, described it: \"Think of Thanksgiving dinner.", "The Food Wife __knowledge__ \"The Food Wife\" is the fifth episode of the twenty-third season of the American animated sitcom \"The Simpsons\".", "The Food Wife __knowledge__ It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on November 13, 2011, and was seen by around 7.5 million people during this broadcast.", "The Food Wife __knowledge__ In the episode, Homer feels left out when Marge, Bart, and Lisa join a group of foodies.", "The Food Wife __knowledge__ Their personal blog quickly becomes popular and the trio is invited to a molecular gastronomy restaurant.", "The Food Wife __knowledge__ Feeling pity toward Homer, Marge invites him along.", "The Food Wife __knowledge__ However, after beginning to worry that he will reclaim his position as the parent perceived as the most fun by the children, she sends him to the wrong address.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ Bengali cuisine is a culinary style originating in Bengal, a region in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent, which is now divided between Bangladesh and the West Bengal state of India.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ Other regions, such as Tripura, and the Barak Valley region of Assam (in India) also have large native Bengali populations and share this cuisine.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ With an emphasis on fish, vegetables and lentils are served with rice as a staple diet.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ Bengali cuisine is known for its subtle (yet sometimes fiery) flavours, and its spread of confectioneries and desserts.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ It also has the only traditionally developed multi-course tradition from the subcontinent that is analogous in structure to the modern \"service à la russe\" style of French cuisine, with food served course-wise rather than all at once.", "Food bank __knowledge__ A food bank or foodbank is a non-profit, charitable organization that distributes food to those who have difficulty purchasing enough food to avoid hunger.", "Food bank __knowledge__ In North America and Australia, food banks usually operate on the \"warehouse\" model.", "Food bank __knowledge__ They act as food storage and distribution depots for smaller front line agencies; and usually do not themselves give out food directly to the hungry.", "Food bank __knowledge__ After the food is collected, sorted, and reviewed for quality, these food banks distribute it to non-profit community or government agencies, including \"food pantries\", \"food closets\", soup kitchens, homeless shelters, orphanages, and schools.", "Monkeys in Chinese culture __knowledge__ Monkeys, particularly macaques and gibbons, have played significant roles in Chinese culture for over two thousand years.", "Monkeys in Chinese culture __knowledge__ Some examples familiar to English speakers include the zodiacal Year of the Monkey, the Monkey King Sun Wukong in the novel \"Journey to the West\", and Monkey Kung Fu.", "Monkeys in Chinese culture __knowledge__ The Chinese language has numerous words meaning \"simian; monkey; ape\".", "Monkeys in Chinese culture __knowledge__ Some diachronically changed meanings in reference to different simians.", "Monkeys in Chinese culture __knowledge__ For instance, Chinese \"xingxing\" 猩猩 originally named \"a mythical creature with a human face and pig body\", and became the modern name for the \"orangutan\".", "Monkeys in Chinese culture __knowledge__ Within the classification of Chinese characters, almost all \"monkey; ape\" words – with the exceptions of \"nao\" 夒 and \"yu\" 禺 that were originally monkey pictographs – are written with radical-phonetic compound characters.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ Elizabeth David, CBE (born Elizabeth Gwynne, 26 December 1913 – 22 May 1992) was a British cookery writer.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ In the mid-20th century she strongly influenced the revitalisation of home cookery in her native country and beyond with articles and books about European cuisines and traditional British dishes.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ Born to an upper-class family, David rebelled against social norms of the day.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ In the 1930s she studied art in Paris, became an actress, and ran off with a married man with whom she sailed in a small boat to Italy, where their boat was confiscated.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ They reached Greece, where they were nearly trapped by the German invasion in 1941, but escaped to Egypt, where they parted.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ Filipino cuisine (Filipino: \"Lutuing Filipino\" or \"Pagkaing Filipino\") is composed of the cuisines of 135 distinct ethno-linguistic tribes found within the Philippine archipelago, however, majority of mainstream Filipino dishes that compose Filipino cuisine are from the cuisines of the Bikol, Chabakano, Hiligaynon, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Meranaw, Pangasinan, Sebwano (or Bisaya), Tagalog, and Waray ethno-linguistic tribes.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ The style of cooking and the food associated with it have evolved over many centuries from their Austronesian origins (shared with Malaysian and Indonesian cuisines) to a mixed cuisine of Indian, Chinese, Spanish, and American influences, in line with the major waves of influence that had enriched the cultures of the archipelago, as well as others adapted to indigenous ingredients and the local palate." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ Chicago-style pizza refers to several different styles of pizza developed in Chicago.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ Arguably, the most famous of these is known as deep-dish pizza.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ The pan in which it is baked gives the pizza its characteristically high edge which gives a lot of space for large amounts of cheese and a chunky tomato sauce.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ Chicago-style pizza may be prepared in deep-dish style and as a stuffed pizza.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ According to Tim Samuelson, Chicago's official cultural historian, there is not enough documentation to determine with certainty who invented Chicago-style deep-dish pizza.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ It is often reported that Chicago-style deep-dish pizza was invented at Pizzeria Uno in Chicago, in 1943, by Uno's founder Ike Sewell, a former University of Texas football star.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The history of pizza begins in antiquity, when various ancient cultures produced flatbreads with toppings.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The precursor of pizza was probably the focaccia, a flat bread known to the Romans as \"panis focacius\", to which toppings were then added.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza developed in Naples, when tomato was added to the focaccia in the late 18th century.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The word \"pizza\" was first documented in AD 997 in Gaeta and successively in different parts of Central and Southern Italy.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Pizza was mainly eaten in the country of Italy and by emigrants from there.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ This changed after World War II, when Allied troops stationed in Italy came to enjoy pizza along with other Italian foods.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ Domino’s Pizza, Inc. is an American pizza restaurant chain founded in 1960.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ The corporation is headquartered at the Domino's Farms Office Park in Ann Arbor, Michigan.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ In 1960, Tom Monaghan and his brother, James, purchased DomiNick's, a small pizza store at 301 West Cross Street in Ypsilanti, Michigan, near Eastern Michigan University.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ The deal was secured by a $500 down payment, and the brothers borrowed $900 to pay for the store.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ The brothers planned to split the work hours evenly, but James did not want to quit his job as a full-time postman to keep up with the demands of the new business.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ Within eight months, James traded his half of the business to Tom for the Volkswagen Beetle they used for pizza deliveries.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Midwestern cuisine is a regional cuisine of the American Midwest.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ It draws its culinary roots most significantly from the cuisines of Central, Northern and Eastern Europe, and Native North America, and is influenced by regionally and locally grown foodstuffs and cultural diversity.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Everyday Midwestern home cooking generally showcases simple and hearty dishes that make use of the abundance of locally grown foods.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Its culinary profiles may seem synonymous with \"American food.\"", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Quoted in a 2007 interview with the \"Daily Herald\", Chef Stephen Langlois, a pioneer in the Midwestern local food movement, described it: \"Think of Thanksgiving dinner.", "Naples __knowledge__ Naples (; , Neapolitan: \"Napule\" or ; ; , meaning \"new city\") is the capital of the Italian region Campania and the third-largest municipality in Italy after Rome and Milan.", "Naples __knowledge__ In 2015, around 975,260 people lived within the city's administrative limits.", "Naples __knowledge__ The Metropolitan City of Naples had a population of 3,115,320.", "Naples __knowledge__ Naples is the 9th-most populous urban area in the European Union with a population of between 3 million and 3.7 million.", "Naples __knowledge__ About 4.4 million people live in the Naples metropolitan area, the second in Italy after Milan and one of the largest metropolises on the Mediterranean Sea.", "Naples __knowledge__ Naples is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world.", "Tony Gemignani __knowledge__ Anthony Felix \"Tony\" Gemignani (born August 23, 1973) is a 12-time World Pizza Champion, master instructor at the International School of Pizza, two-time Food Network gold medalist, restaurateur, author and reality television personality.", "Tony Gemignani __knowledge__ Gemignani is the president of the World Pizza Champions, is also a Guinness World Record holder and is the owner and executive chef of several restaurants.", "Tony Gemignani __knowledge__ Gemignani coined the phrase \"F&F\"' to describe his restaurants; Restaurants which are Full Service and Fast Casual at the same time.", "Tony Gemignani __knowledge__ Gemignani was born in Fremont, California to Frank and Eileen Gemignani.", "Tony Gemignani __knowledge__ He grew up on his family's apricot farm with his grandfather, parents and older brother, and is a third generation Italian American.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut is an American restaurant chain and international franchise founded in 1958 by Dan and Frank Carney.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ The company is known for its Italian-American cuisine menu including pizza and pasta, as well as side dishes and desserts.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut has over 16,000 locations worldwide as of 2015.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ It is a subsidiary of Yum!", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Brands, Inc., one of the world's largest restaurant companies.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut was founded in June 1958 by two Wichita State University students, brothers Dan and Frank Carney, as a single location in Wichita, Kansas.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ PepsiCo acquired Pizza Hut in November 1977.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Before closing in 2015, the oldest continuously operating Pizza Hut was in Manhattan, Kansas, in a shopping and tavern district known as Aggieville near Kansas State University." ] ]

[ 0, 4, 7 ]

[ "what kind of food do you like?", "I also enjoy it but one of my favorites is pizza, which was invested in Naples.", "I know, it's one of the most popular foods in the world for a good reason." ]

[ "Pizza", "Pizza", "Pizza" ]

[ "Volunteering\nI love Volunteering for my local church on sundays, it is really nice because they give us free coffee ", "Yesss, in fact tomorrow i will go again and i think tomorrow there will be new volunteers and i think i will have to train them", "Wow , i did not know that could you tell me more about the history of Volunteering", "My GF wants to Volunteer for the white hemlents but its a little scary", "Yep exactly that, but she has not decided 100% yet she is the one that volunteers everywhere dog shelters, churches etc" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Volunteering is generally considered an altruistic activity where an individual or group provides services for no financial or social gain \"to benefit another person, group or organization\".", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Volunteering is also renowned for skill development and is often intended to promote goodness or to improve human quality of life.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Volunteering may have positive benefits for the volunteer as well as for the person or community served.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ It is also intended to make contacts for possible employment.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Many volunteers are specifically trained in the areas they work, such as medicine, education, or emergency rescue.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Others serve on an as-needed basis, such as in response to a natural disaster.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ The verb was first recorded in 1755.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ It was derived from the noun \"volunteer\", in C.1600, \"one who offers himself for military service,\" from the Middle French \"voluntaire\".", "Volunteering __knowledge__ In the non-military sense, the word was first recorded during the 1630s.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ The word \"volunteering\" has more recent usage—still predominantly military—coinciding with the phrase \"community service\".", "Volunteering __knowledge__ In a military context, a volunteer army is a military body whose soldiers chose to enter service, as opposed to having been conscripted.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Such volunteers do not work \"for free\" and are given regular pay.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ South African labour law regulates the relationship between employers, employees and trade unions in the Republic of South Africa.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ The Native Labour Regulations Act 1911 prohibited strikes by trade unions, introduced wage ceilings and a pass system for moving around jobs.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Over 70,000 Chinese labourers were brought in, and used by landowners to undercut the wages of other workers.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Among white workers, there was significant unrest, and major strikes took place in 1907, 1913, 1914 and 1922 For a period of sixteen years, from 1979 to 1995, several critical developments occurred in the field of labour law in South Africa, beginning with a radical change in the first of these years, when a significant Commission of Enquiry was held, resulting in the establishment of an Industrial Court, which was given extensive powers to mould, change, shape and develop the law.", "Patience (play) __knowledge__ Patience is a play written and published in 1998 by Jason Sherman (Doollie.com).", "Patience (play) __knowledge__ It is about Reuben, who one day loses everything.", "Patience (play) __knowledge__ The play follows a path similar to David Mamet's play \"Edmond\".", "Patience (play) __knowledge__ It traces a psychological journey through Reuben's head while he tries to figure out how everything happened.", "Patience (play) __knowledge__ The play was written at a time when the story would hit home for a lot of middle-aged, middle-class men.", "Patience (play) __knowledge__ The play opens with the lead character, Reuben, playing squash with Peter, a business partner.", "Patience (play) __knowledge__ They get into an argument which causes Reuben to go to dinner by himself.", "Patience (play) __knowledge__ At dinner an old friend named Paul comes into the restaurant and strikes up a conversation.", "United Methodist Church __knowledge__ The United Methodist Church (UMC) is a mainline Protestant denomination and a major part of Methodism.", "United Methodist Church __knowledge__ In the 19th century, its main predecessor—the Methodist Episcopal Church—was a leader in Evangelicalism.", "United Methodist Church __knowledge__ The present denomination was founded in 1968 in Dallas, Texas by union of the Methodist Church and the Evangelical United Brethren Church.", "United Methodist Church __knowledge__ The UMC traces its roots back to the revival movement of John and Charles Wesley in England as well as the Great Awakening in the United States.", "United Methodist Church __knowledge__ As such, the church's theological orientation is decidedly Wesleyan.", "United Methodist Church __knowledge__ It embraces both liturgical and evangelical elements.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas traditions vary from country to country.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas celebrations for many nations include the installing and lighting of Christmas trees, the hanging of Advent wreaths, Christmas stockings, candy canes, and the creation of Nativity scenes depicting the birth of Jesus Christ.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas carols may be sung and stories told about such figures as the Baby Jesus, St Nicholas, Santa Claus, Father Christmas, Christkind or Grandfather Frost.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ The sending and exchange of Christmas card greetings, observance of fasting and special religious observances such as a midnight Mass or Vespers on Christmas Eve, the burning of a Yule log, and the giving and receiving of presents.", "McFly __knowledge__ McFly are an English band formed in London in 2003.", "McFly __knowledge__ The band took its name from the \"Back to the Future\" character Marty McFly.", "McFly __knowledge__ The band consists of Tom Fletcher (lead vocals, guitar and piano), Danny Jones (lead vocals, harmonica and guitar), Dougie Poynter (bass guitar) and Harry Judd (drums).", "McFly __knowledge__ They were signed to Island Records from their 2004 launch until December 2007, before creating their own label, Super Records.", "McFly __knowledge__ McFly rose to fame after fellow band Busted helped launch them by inviting them to tour in 2004.", "McFly __knowledge__ In 2005, they won the Brit Award for Best British Pop Act.", "McFly __knowledge__ McFly's debut album \"Room on the 3rd Floor\" debuted at number 1 in the UK Album Chart and is certified as double platinum; this led to them becoming known as the youngest band ever to have an album debut at number one—a title taken from The Beatles.", "Sunday shopping __knowledge__ Sunday shopping or Sunday trading refers to the ability of retailers to operate stores on Sunday, a day that Christian tradition typically recognises as a day of rest.", "Sunday shopping __knowledge__ Rules governing shopping hours, such as Sunday shopping, vary around the world but some countries and subnational jurisdictions continue to ban or restrict Sunday shopping.", "Sunday shopping __knowledge__ Sunday shopping has its main argument in the consumer welfare.", "Sunday shopping __knowledge__ Extended opening hours afford more time to individuals in order to make their choices.", "Sunday shopping __knowledge__ They allow individuals to avoid peak shopping hours and having to queue in their free time.", "Sunday shopping __knowledge__ A deontological argument based on individualist principles holds that business owners should be free to set whatever hours they please and to hire whatever workers are available, able, and willing to work during those hours." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Volunteering is generally considered an altruistic activity where an individual or group provides services for no financial or social gain \"to benefit another person, group or organization\".", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Volunteering is also renowned for skill development and is often intended to promote goodness or to improve human quality of life.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Volunteering may have positive benefits for the volunteer as well as for the person or community served.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ It is also intended to make contacts for possible employment.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Many volunteers are specifically trained in the areas they work, such as medicine, education, or emergency rescue.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Others serve on an as-needed basis, such as in response to a natural disaster.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ The verb was first recorded in 1755.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ It was derived from the noun \"volunteer\", in C.1600, \"one who offers himself for military service,\" from the Middle French \"voluntaire\".", "Volunteering __knowledge__ In the non-military sense, the word was first recorded during the 1630s.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ The word \"volunteering\" has more recent usage—still predominantly military—coinciding with the phrase \"community service\".", "Volunteering __knowledge__ In a military context, a volunteer army is a military body whose soldiers chose to enter service, as opposed to having been conscripted.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Such volunteers do not work \"for free\" and are given regular pay.", "Student Volunteer Movement __knowledge__ The Student Volunteer Movement for Foreign Missions was an organization founded in 1886 that sought to recruit college and university students in the United States for missionary service abroad.", "Student Volunteer Movement __knowledge__ It also sought to publicize and encourage the missionary enterprise in general.", "Student Volunteer Movement __knowledge__ Arthur Tappan Pierson was the primary early leader.", "Student Volunteer Movement __knowledge__ The social and religious milieu of the late nineteenth century was favorable in nearly all ways for the birth and growth of a movement such as the Student Volunteer Movement for Foreign Missions.", "Student Volunteer Movement __knowledge__ It was a time of dominance and prestige for Western civilization.", "Student Volunteer Movement __knowledge__ Imperialistic expansion was condoned as an altruistic response to increased knowledge of the non-Western world.", "Orange Austria __knowledge__ Orange Austria was an Austrian mobile network operator.", "Orange Austria __knowledge__ It started its business on 26 October 1998 as owner of the third GSM license of the country, and the first provider operating in the GSM 1800 band.", "Orange Austria __knowledge__ Since 2004, Orange (previously known as \"ONE\") successfully applied for a UMTS-License and offers since 2005 also UMTS Services.", "Orange Austria __knowledge__ ONE's logo was a blue circle.", "Orange Austria __knowledge__ It was rebranded as Orange on 22 September 2008.", "Orange Austria __knowledge__ With 1.9 million customers (including approximately 180,000 Tele2mobil customers) it is Austria's third largest provider with a market share of 20%.", "Orange Austria __knowledge__ Orange cooperates with UPC Telekabel (a Liberty Global company) for landline and ISP offers.", "Train of Tomorrow __knowledge__ The Train of Tomorrow was an American demonstrator train built as a collaboration between General Motors (GM) and Pullman-Standard between 1945 and 1947.", "Train of Tomorrow __knowledge__ It was the first new train to consist entirely of dome cars, which were the brainchild of GM vice president and Electro-Motive Division (EMD) general manager Cyrus Osborn, who conceived the idea while riding in either an F-unit or a caboose in the Rocky Mountains in Glenwood Canyon, Colorado.", "Train of Tomorrow __knowledge__ After GM built a 45-foot (14 m) scale model of the train for $101,772 and displayed it to 350 officials from 55 different Class I railroads in 1945, the \"Train of Tomorrow\" was built by Pullman-Standard between October 1946 and May 1947.", "Armagh disturbances __knowledge__ The Armagh disturbances was a period of intense sectarian fighting in the 1780s and 1790s between the Ulster Protestant Peep o' Day Boys and the Roman Catholic Defenders, in County Armagh, Kingdom of Ireland, culminating in the Battle of the Diamond in 1795.", "Armagh disturbances __knowledge__ In County Armagh, Protestants and Catholics were roughly equal in number, in what was then Ireland's most populous county.", "Armagh disturbances __knowledge__ Whilst there was sporadic rioting by Protestant and Catholic mobs in Armagh Town, the rest of the county was largely at peace.", "Armagh disturbances __knowledge__ According to James Bryson, writing on 29 December 1783: \"I remember something of the state of the public affairs for more than 30 years and I do aver that I never was witness to a more profound tranquility [sic] than what prevails at present.\"", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that appear in \"\".", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are listed in alphabetical order.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Most characters are seen in their classic appearance (Catwoman, Green Arrow), while others (Blue Beetle) have their current costume.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Some have even been re-imagined for the show (the Outsiders).", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are described below using in-universe tone.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ 'Mazing Man is a short man who dresses up as a superhero.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ In the \"Kitty Catastrophe\" segment of \"Four Star Spectacular\", he is the accident-prone catsitter for a couple named Owen and Fiona.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ It is apparent that Batman is his favorite superhero and the inspiration for his costume.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Ek Tha Chandar Ek Thi Sudha (Hindi: एक था चन्दर एक थी सुधा English: One was Chander one was Sudha) is an Indian biopic television series, which premiered on 21 September 2015 and is broadcast on Life OK.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is produced by Garima Productions of Ashwni Dhir.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series airs on every Monday to Friday nights.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is a tragic love story and is a 20-episode series.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story of the series is based on Dharamvir Bharati’s iconic novel, \"Gunahon Ka Devta\".", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Rahil Azam and Umang Jain will play the male and female lead roles respectively.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story starts with an illustration that it is a story about love near Allahabad.", "Habitat for Humanity __knowledge__ Habitat for Humanity International (HFHI), generally referred to as Habitat for Humanity or simply Habitat, is an international, non-governmental, and nonprofit organization, which was founded in 1976.", "Habitat for Humanity __knowledge__ Habitat has been devoted to building \"simple, decent, and affordable\" housing, a self-described \"Christian housing ministry,\" and has addressed the issues of poverty housing all over the world.", "Habitat for Humanity __knowledge__ The international operational headquarters are located in Americus, Georgia, United States, with the administrative headquarters located in Atlanta.", "Habitat for Humanity __knowledge__ There are five area offices located around the world: United States and Canada; Africa and the Middle East (located in Pretoria, South Africa); Asia-Pacific (Manila, Philippines); Europe and Central Asia (Bratislava, Slovakia); and Latin America and the Caribbean (San Jose, Costa Rica).", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Well-being is a much-studied topic in psychology, especially positive psychology.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Related concepts are eudaimonia, happiness, flourishing, quality of life, contentment, and meaningful life.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Central theories are Diener's tripartite model of subjective well-being, Ryff's Six-factor Model of Psychological Well-being, Corey Keyes' work on flourishing, and Seligmann's contributions to positive psychology and his theories on \"authentic happiness\" and P.E.R.M.A.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Positive psychology is concerned with eudaimonia, \"the good life\" or flourishing, living according to what holds the greatest value in life – the factors that contribute the most to a well-lived and fulfilling life.", "International volunteering __knowledge__ International volunteering is when volunteers contribute their time to work for organisations or causes outside their respective home countries.", "International volunteering __knowledge__ In most such cases, volunteers work in developing countries on international development programmes with local volunteer organisations that conduct activities such as health promotion, education and environmental conservation.", "International volunteering __knowledge__ Trends show that international volunteering has become increasingly popular across many countries over the past few decades.", "International volunteering __knowledge__ International volunteering is a broad term which is used to capture multi-year, skilled placements as well as short term roles, recently termed \"voluntourism\", and a range of activities in between conducted by governments, charities and travel agents.", "Virtual volunteering __knowledge__ Virtual volunteering is the practice of volunteering using the Internet, off-site from the organization being assisted.", "Virtual volunteering __knowledge__ Virtual volunteering is also known as online volunteering, remote volunteering or e-volunteering.", "Virtual volunteering __knowledge__ In one study, over 70 per cent of online volunteers chose assignments requiring one to five hours a week and nearly half chose assignments lasting 12 weeks or less.", "Virtual volunteering __knowledge__ Some organizations offer online volunteering opportunities which last from ten minutes to an hour.", "Virtual volunteering __knowledge__ A unique feature of online volunteering is that it can be done from a distance.", "Virtual volunteering __knowledge__ People with restricted mobility or other special needs participate in ways that might not be possible in traditional face-to-face volunteering.", "European Volunteer Centre __knowledge__ The European Volunteer Centre (CEV) is a European network of currently over 80 mainly national and regional volunteer centres and volunteer development agencies across Europe and beyond that together work to support and promote voluntary activity.", "European Volunteer Centre __knowledge__ CEV channels the collective priorities and concerns of its member organisations to the institutions of the European Union.", "European Volunteer Centre __knowledge__ It also acts as a central forum for the exchange of policy, practice and information on volunteering.", "European Volunteer Centre __knowledge__ CEV's origins lie in an initiative by 7 volunteer centres, Association pour le Volontariat (Belgium), Centre National du Volontariat (France), the National Centre for Volunteering (UK), Centro Nazionale per il Volontariato (Italy), Landelijk Steunpunt Vrijwilligerswerk (Netherlands) and Plataforma para la Promoción del Voluntariado en España (Spain).", "New Deal __knowledge__ The New Deal was a series of federal programs, public work projects, financial reforms and regulations enacted in the United States during the 1930s in response to the Great Depression.", "New Deal __knowledge__ Some of these federal programs included the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC), the Civil Works Administration (CWA), the Farm Security Administration (FSA), the National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933 (NIRA) and the Social Security Administration (SSA).", "New Deal __knowledge__ These programs included support for farmers, the unemployed, youth and the elderly as well as new constraints and safeguards on the banking industry and changes to the monetary system.", "Henry Lozano __knowledge__ Henry Lozano (born August 24, 1948) is a non-profit executive and grassroots organizer.", "Henry Lozano __knowledge__ His years of public service culminated in his post at the White House as Deputy Assistant to the President and Director of USA Freedom Corps.", "Henry Lozano __knowledge__ On August 10, 2011, he was appointed to serve as the Director of Los Angeles County Teen Challenge and Urban Ministries Initiatives.", "Henry Lozano __knowledge__ On September 11, 2007, President George W. Bush asked Lozano to step into the job of Deputy Assistant to the President and director of USA Freedom Corps.", "Henry Lozano __knowledge__ In this role, he advanced the \"Call to Service\" initiative launched by President George W. Bush in his 2002 \"State of the Union\" address." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Volunteering is generally considered an altruistic activity where an individual or group provides services for no financial or social gain \"to benefit another person, group or organization\".", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Volunteering is also renowned for skill development and is often intended to promote goodness or to improve human quality of life.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Volunteering may have positive benefits for the volunteer as well as for the person or community served.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ It is also intended to make contacts for possible employment.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Many volunteers are specifically trained in the areas they work, such as medicine, education, or emergency rescue.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Others serve on an as-needed basis, such as in response to a natural disaster.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ The verb was first recorded in 1755.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ It was derived from the noun \"volunteer\", in C.1600, \"one who offers himself for military service,\" from the Middle French \"voluntaire\".", "Volunteering __knowledge__ In the non-military sense, the word was first recorded during the 1630s.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ The word \"volunteering\" has more recent usage—still predominantly military—coinciding with the phrase \"community service\".", "Volunteering __knowledge__ In a military context, a volunteer army is a military body whose soldiers chose to enter service, as opposed to having been conscripted.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Such volunteers do not work \"for free\" and are given regular pay.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Virtual volunteering __knowledge__ Virtual volunteering is the practice of volunteering using the Internet, off-site from the organization being assisted.", "Virtual volunteering __knowledge__ Virtual volunteering is also known as online volunteering, remote volunteering or e-volunteering.", "Virtual volunteering __knowledge__ In one study, over 70 per cent of online volunteers chose assignments requiring one to five hours a week and nearly half chose assignments lasting 12 weeks or less.", "Virtual volunteering __knowledge__ Some organizations offer online volunteering opportunities which last from ten minutes to an hour.", "Virtual volunteering __knowledge__ A unique feature of online volunteering is that it can be done from a distance.", "Virtual volunteering __knowledge__ People with restricted mobility or other special needs participate in ways that might not be possible in traditional face-to-face volunteering.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "Women for the Wall __knowledge__ The conservative Women for the Wall, sometimes abbreviated as W4W, is a grassroots organization founded in April 2013, concerned with preserving Jewish tradition at the Western Wall, also known as the Kotel.", "Women for the Wall __knowledge__ The catalyst for the founding of Women for the Wall was lack of representation for the stand of traditional Jewish women in the controversy surrounding an alternative prayer group known as Women of the Wall (WoW).", "Women for the Wall __knowledge__ In the months leading to the establishment of W4W, Women of the Wall demanded to hold their services in the traditional women's section, rather than the Robinson's Arch area of the Kotel, where alternative prayer services are held.", "Military service __knowledge__ Military service is service by an individual or group in an army or other militia, whether as a chosen job or as a result of an involuntary draft (conscription).", "Military service __knowledge__ Some nations (e.g., Mexico) require a specific amount of military service from every citizen, except for special cases, such as physical or mental disorders or religious beliefs.", "Military service __knowledge__ Most countries that use conscription systems only conscript men; a few countries also conscript women.", "Military service __knowledge__ For example, China, North Korea, Israel, Eritrea, Taiwan, Malaysia, Libya and Peru conscript both men and women.", "Military service __knowledge__ Some nations with conscription systems do not enforce them (see below).", "Conscription __knowledge__ Conscription, sometimes the draft, is the compulsory enlistment of people in a national service, most often a military service.", "Conscription __knowledge__ Conscription dates back to antiquity and continues in some countries to the present day under various names.", "Conscription __knowledge__ The modern system of near-universal national conscription for young men dates to the French Revolution in the 1790s, where it became the basis of a very large and powerful military.", "Conscription __knowledge__ Most European nations later copied the system in peacetime, so that men at a certain age would serve 1–8 years on active duty and then transfer to the reserve force.", "Conscription __knowledge__ Conscription is controversial for a range of reasons, including conscientious objection to military engagements on religious or philosophical grounds; political objection, for example to service for a disliked government or unpopular war; and ideological objection, for example, to a perceived violation of individual rights.", "Commando __knowledge__ A commando is a soldier or operative of an elite light infantry or special operations force often specializing in amphibious landings, parachuting or abseiling.", "Commando __knowledge__ Originally \"a commando\" was a type of combat unit, as opposed to an individual in that unit.", "Commando __knowledge__ In other languages, \"commando\" and kommando denote a \"command\", including the sense of a military or an elite special operations unit.", "Commando __knowledge__ In the militaries and governments of most countries, commandos are distinctive in that they specialize in assault on unconventional high-value targets.", "Commando __knowledge__ However, the term commando is sometimes used in relation to units carrying out the latter tasks (including some civilian police units).", "Greece __knowledge__ Greece (), officially the Hellenic Republic (), historically also known as Hellas, is a country in Southern Europe, with a population of approximately /1e6 round 0 million as of .", "Greece __knowledge__ Athens is the nation's capital and largest city, followed by Thessaloniki.", "Greece __knowledge__ Greece is located at the crossroads of Europe, Asia, and Africa.", "Greece __knowledge__ Situated on the southern tip of the Balkan peninsula, it shares land borders with Albania to the northwest, the Republic of Macedonia and Bulgaria to the north, and Turkey to the northeast.", "Greece __knowledge__ The Aegean Sea lies to the east of the mainland, the Ionian Sea to the west, the Cretan Sea and the Mediterranean Sea to the south.", "Conscientious objector __knowledge__ A conscientious objector is an \"individual who has claimed the right to refuse to perform military service\" on the grounds of freedom of thought, conscience, or religion.", "Conscientious objector __knowledge__ In some countries, conscientious objectors are assigned to an alternative civilian service as a substitute for conscription or military service.", "Conscientious objector __knowledge__ Some conscientious objectors consider themselves pacifist, non-interventionist, non-resistant, non-aggressionist, or antimilitarist.", "Conscientious objector __knowledge__ On March 8, 1995 the United Nations Commission on Human Rights resolution 1995/83 stated that \"persons performing military service should not be excluded from the right to have conscientious objections to military service.\"", "Hamilton Road Cemetery, Deal __knowledge__ Hamilton Road Cemetery is a combined municipal and military burial ground situated in the coastal town of Deal, Kent, in South East England.", "Hamilton Road Cemetery, Deal __knowledge__ Opened in May 1856, it was created to provide a new burial ground for Deal at a time when its general population was expanding and when previous, often ad hoc facilities for dealing with deaths in the area no longer sufficed.", "Hamilton Road Cemetery, Deal __knowledge__ The cemetery's civilian burials are managed by Dover Council, and its military burials by the Commonwealth War Graves Commission.", "Hamilton Road Cemetery, Deal __knowledge__ It contains a Cross of Sacrifice of some significance and the burials of military service personnel from Great Britain, Belgium, Canada, and, very unusually, Nazi Germany, many of whom took part in some of the most famous incidents in World War I and World War II, including: the Gallipoli Campaign, the Battle of the Somme, the 1918 Zeebrugge Raid, the Battle of Dunkirk, the Battle of the Denmark Strait & sinking of , the Battle of Britain, and the more modern tragedy of the Deal barracks bombing in September 1989." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Volunteering is generally considered an altruistic activity where an individual or group provides services for no financial or social gain \"to benefit another person, group or organization\".", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Volunteering is also renowned for skill development and is often intended to promote goodness or to improve human quality of life.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Volunteering may have positive benefits for the volunteer as well as for the person or community served.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ It is also intended to make contacts for possible employment.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Many volunteers are specifically trained in the areas they work, such as medicine, education, or emergency rescue.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Others serve on an as-needed basis, such as in response to a natural disaster.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ The verb was first recorded in 1755.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ It was derived from the noun \"volunteer\", in C.1600, \"one who offers himself for military service,\" from the Middle French \"voluntaire\".", "Volunteering __knowledge__ In the non-military sense, the word was first recorded during the 1630s.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ The word \"volunteering\" has more recent usage—still predominantly military—coinciding with the phrase \"community service\".", "Volunteering __knowledge__ In a military context, a volunteer army is a military body whose soldiers chose to enter service, as opposed to having been conscripted.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Such volunteers do not work \"for free\" and are given regular pay.", "Morristown UFO hoax __knowledge__ The Morristown UFO hoax was originally thought to be an unidentified aerial event, of mysterious floating red lights, that occurred near Morristown, New Jersey, on Monday, January 5, 2009, between 8:15 pm and 9:00 pm.", "Morristown UFO hoax __knowledge__ The lights were later observed on 4 other days: January 26, January 29, February 7, and February 17, 2009.", "Morristown UFO hoax __knowledge__ The events were actually a hoax, meant as a social experiment.", "Morristown UFO hoax __knowledge__ Five flare lights attached to helium balloons were released by Joe Rudy and Chris Russo and seen in the skies above Morris County, New Jersey.", "Morristown UFO hoax __knowledge__ Sightings were concentrated in the towns of Hanover Township, Morristown, Morris Plains, Madison, and Florham Park.", "Georg Fischer (Swiss company) __knowledge__ Georg Fischer (abbreviated GF) comprises three divisions GF Piping Systems, GF Automotive, and GF Machining Solutions.", "Georg Fischer (Swiss company) __knowledge__ Founded in 1802, the Corporation is headquartered in Switzerland and is present in 32 countries, with 121 companies, 45 of them production facilities.", "Georg Fischer (Swiss company) __knowledge__ Its approximately 14 400 employees generated sales of CHF 3.64 billion in 2015.", "Georg Fischer (Swiss company) __knowledge__ GF offers pipes for the safe transport of liquids and gases, lightweight casting components in vehicles, and high-precision manufacturing technologies.", "Georg Fischer (Swiss company) __knowledge__ GF Piping Systems supplies is piping systems made of plastics and metal as well as solid and hollow bar stock for machining.", "Gone (novel series) __knowledge__ Gone is a bestselling book series written by Michael Grant.", "Gone (novel series) __knowledge__ The series is centered on the fictional Southern Californian town of Perdido Beach, in which every human aged 15 and older vanishes.", "Gone (novel series) __knowledge__ The town and surrounding areas become encased within an impenetrable energy barrier, with many of its inhabitants developing supernatural powers.", "Gone (novel series) __knowledge__ The books follow the exploits of the protagonist, Sam Temple, as he battles antagonists Caine Soren and Drake Merwin, as well as a mysterious, malevolent creature, known as the Darkness or the gaiaphage (derived from Gaia, a Greek personification of the Earth, and \"phage\", from the Greek φαγεῖν \"phagein\" \"to devour\").", "Grammatical Framework __knowledge__ Grammatical Framework (GF) is a programming language for writing grammars of natural languages.", "Grammatical Framework __knowledge__ GF is capable of parsing and generating texts in several languages simultaneously while working from a language-independent representation of meaning.", "Grammatical Framework __knowledge__ Grammars written in GF can be compiled into different formats including JavaScript and Java and can be reused as software components.", "Grammatical Framework __knowledge__ A companion to GF is the \"GF Resource Grammar Library\", a reusable library for dealing with the morphology and syntax of a growing number of natural languages.", "Grammatical Framework __knowledge__ Both GF itself and the GF Resource Grammar Library are open-source.", "List of Little Miss characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of Little Miss characters from the children's book series by Roger Hargreaves; the series was also adapted into \"The Mr. Men Show\".", "List of Little Miss characters __knowledge__ Books one (\"Little Miss Bossy\") to thirty (\"Little Miss Somersault\") were written by Hargreaves and the remainder by his son, Adam Hargreaves.", "List of Little Miss characters __knowledge__ Little Miss All-goes-Well is part of the \"Little Miss\" series.", "List of Little Miss characters __knowledge__ Little Miss All-Goes-Well has a perfect life.", "List of Little Miss characters __knowledge__ This is one of the nine Little Miss titles which were not published in English.", "List of Little Miss characters __knowledge__ Little Miss All-goes-well has also been published under the alternative titles \"Madame Tout-Va-Bien\" (French), \"Η Κυρία Αισιόδοξη \"(Greek).", "Leucinodes sigulalis __knowledge__ Leucinodes sigulalis is a moth in the Crambidae family.", "Leucinodes sigulalis __knowledge__ It was described by Guenée in 1854.", "Leucinodes sigulalis __knowledge__ It is found in India.", "Alexander Mahone __knowledge__ Alexander \"Alex\" Mahone is a fictional character portrayed by William Fichtner in the American television series \"Prison Break\".", "Alexander Mahone __knowledge__ Mahone is introduced in the premiere of the second season as a special agent in the Federal Bureau of Investigation, specializing in manhunts for escaped prisoners for 14 years.", "Alexander Mahone __knowledge__ When the protagonist of the series, Michael Scofield (Wentworth Miller), successfully orchestrates the escape of eight prisoners from Fox River State Penitentiary, Mahone is assigned to spearhead the task force assembled to recapture the fugitives and manages to capture four of them.", "Alexander Mahone __knowledge__ He is later arrested in Panama and imprisoned in Penitenciaría Federal de Sona in the second-season finale.", "Russian military deception __knowledge__ Russian military deception, sometimes known as maskirovka (), is a military doctrine developed from the start of the twentieth century.", "Russian military deception __knowledge__ The doctrine covers a broad range of measures for military deception, from camouflage to denial and deception.", "Russian military deception __knowledge__ Deceptive measures include concealment, imitation with decoys and dummies, manoeuvres intended to deceive, denial, and disinformation.", "Russian military deception __knowledge__ The 1944 \"Soviet Military Encyclopedia\" refers to \"means of securing combat operations and the daily activities of forces; a complexity of measures, directed to mislead the enemy regarding the presence and disposition of forces...\" Later versions of the doctrine also include strategic, political, and diplomatic means including manipulation of \"the facts\", situation and perceptions to affect the media and opinion around the world, so as to achieve or facilitate tactical, strategic, national and international goals.", "French and Indian War __knowledge__ The French and Indian War (1754–63) comprised the North American theater of the worldwide Seven Years' War of 1756–63.", "French and Indian War __knowledge__ It pitted the colonies of British America against those of New France.", "French and Indian War __knowledge__ Both sides were supported by military units from their parent countries of Great Britain and France, as well as by American Indian allies.", "French and Indian War __knowledge__ At the start of the war, the French North American colonies had a population of roughly 60,000 settlers, compared with 2 million in the British North American colonies.", "French and Indian War __knowledge__ The outnumbered French particularly depended on the Indians.", "French and Indian War __knowledge__ The European nations declared war on one another in 1756 following months of localized conflict, escalating the war from a regional affair into an intercontinental conflict.", "Militia __knowledge__ A militia is generally an army or some other fighting organization of non-professional soldiers, citizens of a nation, or subjects of a state, who can be called upon for military service during a time of need, as opposed to a professional force of regular, full-time military personnel, or historically, members of a warrior nobility class (e.g., knights or samurai).", "Militia __knowledge__ Generally unable to hold ground against regular forces, it is common for militias to be used for aiding regular troops by skirmishing, holding fortifications, or irregular warfare, instead of being used in offensive campaigns by themselves.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ This is a list of aliens on Cartoon Network's \"Ben 10 franchise\".", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ Voiced by: Heatblast is a Pyronite from the star Pyros.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ He appears as a magma-based lifeform whose body is composed of a bright inner magma body covered by a reddish-brown charcoal-like crust.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ Heatblast is essentially \"living magma\", thus everything he touches either melts or catches fire.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ In the original series, he is the tenth alien in the Omnitrix.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ Heatblast is Ben's first transformation, accidentally activated and started a wildfire in the pilot episode of the original series, \"And Then There Were 10\" when Ben was trying to remove the Omnitrix immediately after it first attached to him.", "Battle of Chickamauga __knowledge__ The Battle of Chickamauga, fought on September 18–20, 1863 between Union and Confederate forces in the American Civil War, marked the end of a Union offensive in southeastern Tennessee and northwestern Georgia — the Chickamauga Campaign.", "Battle of Chickamauga __knowledge__ It was the first major battle of the war fought in Georgia, the most significant Union defeat in the Western Theater, and involved the second-highest number of casualties after the Battle of Gettysburg.", "Battle of Chickamauga __knowledge__ The battle was fought between the Army of the Cumberland under Maj. Gen. William Rosecrans and the Confederate Army of Tennessee under Gen. Braxton Bragg, and was named for Chickamauga Creek, which meanders near the battle area in northwest Georgia (and ultimately flows into the Tennessee River about 3.5 miles (5.6 km) northeast of downtown Chattanooga).", "Expulsion of the Acadians __knowledge__ The Expulsion of the Acadians, also known as the Great Upheaval, the Great Expulsion, the Great Deportation and Le Grand Dérangement, was the forced removal by the British of the Acadian people from the present day Canadian Maritime provinces of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island— parts of an area also known as \"Acadia\".", "Expulsion of the Acadians __knowledge__ The Expulsion (1755–1764) occurred during the French and Indian War (the North American theatre of the Seven Years' War) and was part of the British military campaign against New France.", "Expulsion of the Acadians __knowledge__ The British first deported Acadians to the Thirteen Colonies, and after 1758 transported additional Acadians to Britain and France.", "List of English words of Russian origin __knowledge__ \"This page transcribes Russian (written in Cyrillic script) using the IPA.", "List of English words of Russian origin __knowledge__ For a quick overview of Russian pronunciation, see \".", "List of English words of Russian origin __knowledge__ Many languages, including English, contain words (Russianisms) most likely borrowed from the Russian language.", "List of English words of Russian origin __knowledge__ Not all of the words are truly fluent Russian or Slavic origin.", "List of English words of Russian origin __knowledge__ Some of them co-exist in other Slavic languages and it is difficult to decide whether they made English from Russian or, say, from Bulgarian.", "List of English words of Russian origin __knowledge__ Some other words are borrowed or constructed from the classical ancient languages, such as Latin or Greek.", "List of English words of Russian origin __knowledge__ Still others are themselves borrowed from indigenous peoples that Russians have come into contact with in Russian or Soviet territory." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Volunteering is generally considered an altruistic activity where an individual or group provides services for no financial or social gain \"to benefit another person, group or organization\".", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Volunteering is also renowned for skill development and is often intended to promote goodness or to improve human quality of life.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Volunteering may have positive benefits for the volunteer as well as for the person or community served.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ It is also intended to make contacts for possible employment.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Many volunteers are specifically trained in the areas they work, such as medicine, education, or emergency rescue.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Others serve on an as-needed basis, such as in response to a natural disaster.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ The verb was first recorded in 1755.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ It was derived from the noun \"volunteer\", in C.1600, \"one who offers himself for military service,\" from the Middle French \"voluntaire\".", "Volunteering __knowledge__ In the non-military sense, the word was first recorded during the 1630s.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ The word \"volunteering\" has more recent usage—still predominantly military—coinciding with the phrase \"community service\".", "Volunteering __knowledge__ In a military context, a volunteer army is a military body whose soldiers chose to enter service, as opposed to having been conscripted.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Such volunteers do not work \"for free\" and are given regular pay.", "1945 New Guinea Gremlin Special rescue __knowledge__ The Gremlin Special was a Douglas C-47 Skytrain that crashed during a sightseeing flight over the Shangri-La valley in New Guinea in 1945.", "1945 New Guinea Gremlin Special rescue __knowledge__ The recovery of the three survivors from an isolated valley surrounded by mountains, enemy troops, and native inhabitants made worldwide news at the time and is the subject of the 2011 book \"Lost in Shangri-La\" by author Mitchell Zuckoff.", "1945 New Guinea Gremlin Special rescue __knowledge__ The Gremlin Special flew into the side of a mountain on May 13, 1945.", "1945 New Guinea Gremlin Special rescue __knowledge__ Five passengers survived the initial wreck with two, Sergeant Laura Besley and Private Eleanor Hanna, succumbing to injuries the next day.", "1945 New Guinea Gremlin Special rescue __knowledge__ The survivors were Corporal Margaret Hastings, Sergeant Kenneth Decker and Lieutenant John McCollom.", "Yep Roc Records __knowledge__ Yep Roc Records is an American independent record label based in Hillsborough, North Carolina, and owned by Redeye Distribution.", "Yep Roc Records __knowledge__ Since 1997, the label has released albums from North Carolina and international artists, including Aoife O'Donovan, Chatham County Line, Dave Alvin, Gang of Four, Los Straitjackets, Nick Lowe, Paul Weller, Robyn Hitchcock, Ryan Adams, The Apples in Stereo, The Reverend Horton Heat, Mandolin Orange, and Tift Merritt.", "Yep Roc Records __knowledge__ Tor Hansen started the label in 1997, two years after moving to North Carolina to help manage a chain of record stores in the South.", "Yep Roc Records __knowledge__ In and around the musical hotbed of Chapel Hill, he encountered bands making good music but not really knowing how to get it out.", "Laurence Yep __knowledge__ Laurence Michael Yep (; born June 14, 1948) is a prolific Chinese-American writer, best known for children's books.", "Laurence Yep __knowledge__ In 2005, he received the biennial Laura Ingalls Wilder Medal for his career contribution to American children's literature.", "Laurence Yep __knowledge__ Yep was born in San Francisco to Yep Gim Lew (Thomas) and Franche.", "Laurence Yep __knowledge__ His older brother, Thomas, named him after studying a particular saint in a multicultural neighborhood that consisted of mostly African Americans.", "Laurence Yep __knowledge__ Growing up, he often felt torn between U.S. and Chinese culture, and expressed this in many of his books.", "Laurence Yep __knowledge__ A great deal of his work involves characters feeling alienated or not fitting into their surroundings and environment, something Yep has struggled with since childhood.", "Dragon (fantasy series) __knowledge__ The Dragon series is a tetralogy of fantasy novels by Chinese American author Laurence Yep.", "Dragon (fantasy series) __knowledge__ Yep had already written several books including the Newbery Honor novel \"Dragonwings\" by 1980, when, after undertaking careful research, he decided to adapt Chinese mythology into a fantasy form, something he had always wanted to do since he had sold his first science fiction story at 18.", "Dragon (fantasy series) __knowledge__ He \"tried to stay true to the spirit\" of these myths, but did not try \"to keep their exact details\".", "Dragon (fantasy series) __knowledge__ The \"perfect vehicle\" he chose was a folktale in which the Monkey King captured a river spirit who had flooded an entire city, which he at first tried to conceive in picture book form.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A \"no-kill\" shelter is an animal shelter that does not kill healthy or treatable animals even when the shelter is full, reserving euthanasia for terminally ill animals or those considered dangerous to public safety.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A no-kill shelter uses many strategies to promote shelter animals; to expanding its resources using volunteers, housing and medical protocols; and to work actively to lower the number of homeless animals entering the shelter system.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A no-kill or limited admit shelter is a shelter that saves healthy, treatable and rehabilitatable animals.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ As a benchmark, at least 90% of the animals entering the shelter are expected to be saved.", "Animal rescue group __knowledge__ An animal rescue group or animal rescue organization is dedicated to pet adoption.", "Animal rescue group __knowledge__ These groups take unwanted, abandoned, abused, or stray pets and attempt to find suitable homes for them.", "Animal rescue group __knowledge__ Many rescue groups are created by and run by volunteers, who take the animals into their homes and care for them — including training, playing, handling medical issues, and solving behavior problems — until a suitable permanent home can be found.", "Animal rescue group __knowledge__ Rescue groups exist for most pet types (reptile rescue, \"rabbit rescue\" or \"bird rescue\"), but are most common for dogs and cats.", "Animal rescue group __knowledge__ For animals with many breeds, rescue groups may specialize in specific breeds or groups of breeds.", "Eastern Orthodox Church __knowledge__ The Eastern Orthodox Church, also known as the Orthodox Church, or officially as the Orthodox Catholic Church, is the second-largest Christian Church, with over 250 million members.", "Eastern Orthodox Church __knowledge__ As one of the oldest religious institutions in the world, it has played a prominent role in the history and culture of Eastern Europe, Greece (including Anatolia), the Caucasus, and the Near East.", "Eastern Orthodox Church __knowledge__ A communion of autocephalous churches (″jurisdictions″, or national churches), each typically governed by its own Holy Synod, its bishops are equal by virtue of ordination, with doctrines summarised in the Nicene Creed.", "Eastern Orthodox Church __knowledge__ The Church has no central doctrinal or governance authority analogous to the Roman Catholic Church's pope; however, the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople is recognised by all as primus inter pares of the bishops, and the Church of Constantinople, since the Great Schism of 1054, enjoys precedence and certain prerogatives.", "Emergency management __knowledge__ Emergency management is the organization and management of resources and responsibilities for dealing with all humanitarian aspects of emergencies (preparedness, response, and recovery).", "Emergency management __knowledge__ The aim is to reduce the harmful effects of all hazards, including disasters.", "Emergency management __knowledge__ It should not be equated to \"disaster management\".", "Emergency management __knowledge__ The World Health Organization defines an emergency as the state in which normal procedures are interrupted, and immediate measures need to be taken to prevent that state turning into a disaster.", "Emergency management __knowledge__ Thus, emergency management is crucial to avoid the disruption transforming into a disaster, which is even harder to recover from.", "Charlie Gard case __knowledge__ The Charlie Gard case was a best interests case in 2017 involving Charles Matthew William Gard (4 August 2016 – 28 July 2017), an infant boy from London, born with mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome (MDDS), a rare genetic disorder that causes progressive brain damage and muscle failure.", "Charlie Gard case __knowledge__ MDDS has no treatment and usually causes death in infancy.", "Charlie Gard case __knowledge__ The case became controversial because the medical team and parents disagreed about whether experimental treatment was in the best interests of the child.", "Charlie Gard case __knowledge__ In October 2016, Charlie was transferred to London's Great Ormond Street Hospital (GOSH), a National Health Service (NHS) children's hospital, because he was failing to thrive and his breathing was shallow.", "Citizen Corps __knowledge__ Citizen Corps is a program under the Department of Homeland Security that provides training for the population of the United States to assist in the recovery after a disaster or terrorist attack.", "Citizen Corps __knowledge__ Each local Citizen Corps Council partners with organizations, volunteers and businesses to organize responders, volunteers and professional first responders for an efficient response so efforts aren't wasted by being duplicated.", "Citizen Corps __knowledge__ By training in Incident Command, volunteers know who to report to and how the incident is organized.", "Citizen Corps __knowledge__ This prevents sites from being inundated by untrained and unprepared people milling about and getting in the way.", "Armourer __knowledge__ Historically, an armourer is a person who makes personal armour, especially plate armour.", "Armourer __knowledge__ In modern terms, an armourer is a member of a military or police force who works in an armoury and maintains and repairs small arms and weapons systems, with some duties resembling those of a civilian gunsmith.", "Armourer __knowledge__ With the renewed interest in traditional armour and weaponry, the occupation also involves working with film, stage, and historical and reenactment societies.", "Armourer __knowledge__ Period costumes may require reproduction armour, swords, and related equipment.", "Armourer __knowledge__ Armourers are the oldest trade in the British Army and trace their heritage back several centuries.", "Loudoun County Fire and Rescue Department __knowledge__ The Loudoun County Combined Fire-Rescue System (LC-CFRS) is made up of the career Loudoun County Fire and Rescue (LCFR) and 16 volunteer companies.", "Loudoun County Fire and Rescue Department __knowledge__ LC-CFRS has the responsibility of protecting the citizens and property of the towns, villages, and suburbs of Loudoun County, Virginia, United States, from fires and fire hazards, providing emergency medical services, and technical rescue, including Hazardous Materials, Mass Casualty Incidents, environmental dangers and more.", "Loudoun County Fire and Rescue Department __knowledge__ The department's headquarters and training facilities are in Leesburg, off Sycolin Road.", "Loudoun County Fire and Rescue Department __knowledge__ LC-CFRS, one of the largest fire departments in Virginia, has approximately 1,500 volunteers and 500 career staff that make up its firefighters, emergency medical technicians (EMT), paramedics and other emergency responders.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan." ] ]

[ 3, 8, 7, 5, 1 ]

[ "That's wonderful. I believe volunteering can have positive benefits for both the volunteer and the community being helped.", "That'll be worthwhile. The word \"Volunteer\" comes from the French \"Voluntaire\" back around 1600and meant One who offers himself for military service.", "Sure. The word was first used in 1755 and can also have a military meaning.", "Gosh, that sure is scary. Worthwhile though. Many volunteers offer to help based on their specific training, such as medicine or emergency rescue. Is that what your GF is planning?", "What a wonderful person. It great that she's so altruistic and helping people and organizations for no financial gain whatsoever." ]

[ "Volunteering", "Volunteering", "Volunteering", "Volunteering", "Volunteering" ]

[ "Tattoo\nDo you also have tattoos?", "Whaaaat?! I do want to get a sleeve.", "No, they're not. I don't think they ever were. I also think some people are addicted to getting them.", "Really? What's the significance of them?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tattoo __knowledge__ A tattoo is a form of body modification where a design is made by inserting ink, dyes and pigments, either indelible or temporary, into the dermis layer of the skin to change the pigment.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ Tattoos fall into three broad categories: purely decorative (with no specific meaning); symbolic (with a specific meaning pertinent to the wearer); pictorial (a depiction of a specific person or item).", "Tattoo __knowledge__ Tattoos have historically been regarded in the West as 'uncivilised', and over the last 100 years the fashion has been associated mainly with sailors, working men and criminals.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ By the end of the 20th Century many Western stigmas of the tattoo culture had been dismissed and the practice has become more acceptable and accessible for people of all trades and levels of society.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ The word \"tattoo\", or \"tattow\" in the 18th century, is a loanword from the Polynesian word \"tatau\", meaning \"to write\".", "Tattoo __knowledge__ The \"Oxford English Dictionary\" gives the etymology of tattoo as \"In 18th c. tattaow, tattow.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ From Polynesian (Samoan, Tahitian, Tongan, etc.)", "Tattoo __knowledge__ tatau.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ In Marquesan, tatu.\"", "Tattoo __knowledge__ Before the importation of the Polynesian word, the practice of tattooing had been described in the West as painting, scarring, or staining.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ This is not to be confused with the origins of the word for the military drumbeat or performance — see \"military tattoo\".", "History of tattooing __knowledge__ Tattooing has been practiced across the globe since at least Neolithic times, as evidenced by mummified preserved skin, ancient art, and the archaeological record.", "History of tattooing __knowledge__ Both ancient art and archaeological finds of possible tattoo tools suggest tattooing was practiced by the Upper Paleolithic period in Europe.", "History of tattooing __knowledge__ However, direct evidence for tattooing on mummified human skin extends only to the 4th millennium BC.", "History of tattooing __knowledge__ The oldest discovery of tattooed human skin to date is found on the body of Ötzi the Iceman, dating to between 3370 and 3100 BC.", "History of tattooing __knowledge__ Other tattooed mummies have been recovered from at least 49 archaeological sites including locations in Greenland, Alaska, Siberia, Mongolia, western China, Egypt, Sudan, the Philippines, and the Andes.", "Religious perspectives on tattooing __knowledge__ Some religions have perspectives on tattooing.", "Religious perspectives on tattooing __knowledge__ Some Christians take issue with tattooing, upholding the Hebrew prohibition (see below).", "Religious perspectives on tattooing __knowledge__ The Hebrew prohibition is based on interpreting Leviticus 19:28—\"Ye shall not make any cuttings in your flesh for the dead, nor print any marks upon you\"—so as to prohibit tattoos, and perhaps even makeup.", "Religious perspectives on tattooing __knowledge__ Interpretations of the passage vary, however.", "Religious perspectives on tattooing __knowledge__ Some believe that it refers specifically to, and exclusively prohibits, an ancient form of self-mutilation during mourning (as discussed in the Judaism section).", "Religious perspectives on tattooing __knowledge__ Under this interpretation, tattooing is permitted to Jews and Christians.", "Criminal tattoo __knowledge__ Criminal tattoos are a type of tattoos associated with criminals to show gang membership and record the wearer's personal history—such as their skills, specialties, accomplishments, incarceration, world view and/or means of personal expression.", "Criminal tattoo __knowledge__ Tattoos are strongly empirically associated with deviance, personality disorders, and criminality.", "Criminal tattoo __knowledge__ Certain tattoo designs have developed recognized coded meanings.", "Criminal tattoo __knowledge__ The code systems can be quite complex and because of the nature of what they encode, the designs of criminal tattoos are not widely recognized as such to outsiders.", "Criminal tattoo __knowledge__ Since tattooing in prison is illegal in the United States, the inmates do not have the proper equipment necessary for the practice.", "Sailor tattoos __knowledge__ Sailor tattoos refer to a type of tattoo traditionally favored by sailors and the traditions that accompany these tattoos.", "Sailor tattoos __knowledge__ \"Old school\" tattoos were common among sailors, depicting images like swallows on either side of the chest, girls in sailor hats, and pairs of dice.", "Sailor tattoos __knowledge__ Sailor Jerry's work typified this style of tattooing during the early-mid twentieth century.", "Sailor tattoos __knowledge__ After falling out of style for several decades, these stylized tattoos are regaining popularity again among young people, both sailors and non-sailors.", "Sailor tattoos __knowledge__ They are particularly favored among tattoo artists themselves.", "Sailor tattoos __knowledge__ This returning trend is also seen in the increasing popularity of traditional Sailor Jerry designs, nautical tattoos and even clothing printed with stylized sailor tattoo images.", "Chinese calligraphy tattoos __knowledge__ Chinese calligraphy tattoos are a form of tattooing and a style of calligraphy combined into one form of art.", "Chinese calligraphy tattoos __knowledge__ Originally, Chinese calligraphy and tattoos were combined to distinguish social class or tribes.", "Chinese calligraphy tattoos __knowledge__ Calligraphy started in Europe and Asia and then spread to other continents and countries.", "Chinese calligraphy tattoos __knowledge__ Today, Chinese calligraphy tattoos can be found worldwide and anyone is able to receive them.", "Chinese calligraphy tattoos __knowledge__ People who tend to get these tattoos are fond of this style of tattooing because of their perceived uniqueness.", "Chinese calligraphy tattoos __knowledge__ Calligraphy is a form of art related to writing that originated in ancient Greece.", "Chinese calligraphy tattoos __knowledge__ A pen, fine pointed object, or a brush is used to draw symbols.", "Irezumi __knowledge__ Irezumi is a traditional style of Japanese tattooing, as well as certain modern forms derived from it.", "Irezumi __knowledge__ Irezumi is done by hand, using wooden handles and metal needles attached via silk thread.", "Irezumi __knowledge__ This method also requires special ink called nara ink.", "Irezumi __knowledge__ It is a painful and time consuming process, done by a limited number of specialists.", "Irezumi __knowledge__ The tattoo artist is called a Horishi, and usually has one or more apprentices working for him for a long period of time.", "Irezumi __knowledge__ They often become a part of the horishis tattoo family.", "Irezumi __knowledge__ Irezumi was initially associated with firemen, who wore them as a form of spiritual protection." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tattoo __knowledge__ A tattoo is a form of body modification where a design is made by inserting ink, dyes and pigments, either indelible or temporary, into the dermis layer of the skin to change the pigment.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ Tattoos fall into three broad categories: purely decorative (with no specific meaning); symbolic (with a specific meaning pertinent to the wearer); pictorial (a depiction of a specific person or item).", "Tattoo __knowledge__ Tattoos have historically been regarded in the West as 'uncivilised', and over the last 100 years the fashion has been associated mainly with sailors, working men and criminals.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ By the end of the 20th Century many Western stigmas of the tattoo culture had been dismissed and the practice has become more acceptable and accessible for people of all trades and levels of society.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ The word \"tattoo\", or \"tattow\" in the 18th century, is a loanword from the Polynesian word \"tatau\", meaning \"to write\".", "Tattoo __knowledge__ The \"Oxford English Dictionary\" gives the etymology of tattoo as \"In 18th c. tattaow, tattow.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ From Polynesian (Samoan, Tahitian, Tongan, etc.)", "Tattoo __knowledge__ tatau.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ In Marquesan, tatu.\"", "Tattoo __knowledge__ Before the importation of the Polynesian word, the practice of tattooing had been described in the West as painting, scarring, or staining.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ This is not to be confused with the origins of the word for the military drumbeat or performance — see \"military tattoo\".", "Sleeve valve __knowledge__ The sleeve valve is a type of valve mechanism for piston engines, distinct from the usual poppet valve.", "Sleeve valve __knowledge__ Sleeve valve engines saw use in a number of pre-World War II luxury cars and in the United States in the Willys-Knight car and light truck.", "Sleeve valve __knowledge__ They subsequently fell from use due to advances in poppet-valve technology, including sodium cooling, and the Knight system double sleeve engine's tendency to burn a lot of lubricating oil or to seize due to lack of it.", "Sleeve valve __knowledge__ The Scottish Argyll company used its own, much simpler and more efficient, single sleeve system (Burt-McCollum) in its cars, a system which, after extensive development, saw substantial use in British aircraft engines of the 1940s, such as the Napier Sabre, Bristol Hercules, Centaurus, and the promising but never mass-produced Rolls-Royce Crecy, only to be supplanted by the jet engines.", "Logos and uniforms of the New York Mets __knowledge__ The New York Mets, founded in 1962, returned National League baseball to New York following the departure of the Brooklyn Dodgers to Los Angeles and the New York Giants to San Francisco.", "Logos and uniforms of the New York Mets __knowledge__ The Mets' uniform was designed to incorporate elements of both departed clubs, with the Dodgers' royal blue becoming the Mets' primary color and the Giants' orange the trim color, along with the Giants' \"NY\" crest adopted as the new team's cap logo.", "Logos and uniforms of the New York Mets __knowledge__ The original Mets uniform had a \"clean and classic\" look that, while it has undergone a number of changes over the course of the team's history, has never been substantially revised.", "Interstate 287 __knowledge__ Interstate 287 (I-287) is an auxiliary Interstate Highway in the US states of New Jersey and New York.", "Interstate 287 __knowledge__ It is a partial beltway around New York City, serving the northern half of New Jersey and the counties of Rockland and Westchester in New York.", "Interstate 287 __knowledge__ I-287, which is signed north–south in New Jersey and east–west in New York, follows a roughly horseshoe-shaped route from the New Jersey Turnpike (I-95) in Edison Township, New Jersey, clockwise to the New England Thruway (I-95) in Rye, New York, for .", "Interstate 287 __knowledge__ Through New Jersey, I-287 runs west from its southern terminus in Edison through suburban areas.", "Interstate 287 __knowledge__ In Bridgewater Township, the freeway takes a more northeasterly course, paralleled by U.S. Route 202 (US 202).", "Abstract photography __knowledge__ Abstract photography, sometimes called non-objective, experimental, conceptual or concrete photography, is a means of depicting a visual image that does not have an immediate association with the object world and that has been created through the use of photographic equipment, processes or materials.", "Abstract photography __knowledge__ An abstract photograph may isolate a fragment of a natural scene in order to remove its inherent context from the viewer, it may be purposely staged to create a seemingly unreal appearance from real objects, or it may involve the use of color, light, shadow, texture, shape and/or form to convey a feeling, sensation or impression.", "Freeze Frame (Godley &amp; Creme album) __knowledge__ Freeze Frame is a 1979 album by Godley & Creme.", "Freeze Frame (Godley &amp; Creme album) __knowledge__ The album was recorded at Nigel Gray's Surrey Sound Studios, Leatherhead, Surrey.", "Freeze Frame (Godley &amp; Creme album) __knowledge__ The cover art was designed by Hipgnosis.", "Freeze Frame (Godley &amp; Creme album) __knowledge__ This album made use of a couple of technical innovations which gave it a unique sound.", "Freeze Frame (Godley &amp; Creme album) __knowledge__ \"I Pity Inanimate Objects\" contained a distinctive vocal treatment in which the notes are seemingly obtained by altering the pitch of pre-recorded voices.", "Freeze Frame (Godley &amp; Creme album) __knowledge__ In an interview for \"The Idler\" magazine in 2007, Kevin Godley explained how that song was realized: Recently, I played I Pity Inanimate Objects from Freeze Frame and I remembered how and why we actually did that.", "Micrometer __knowledge__ A micrometer ( ), sometimes known as a micrometer screw gauge, is a device incorporating a calibrated screw widely used for precise measurement of components in mechanical engineering and machining as well as most mechanical trades, along with other metrological instruments such as dial, vernier, and digital calipers.", "Micrometer __knowledge__ Micrometers are usually, but not always, in the form of calipers (opposing ends joined by a frame).", "Micrometer __knowledge__ The spindle is a very accurately machined screw and the object to be measured is placed between the spindle and the anvil.", "Micrometer __knowledge__ The spindle is moved by turning the ratchet knob or thimble until the object to be measured is lightly touched by both the spindle and the anvil.", "Sleeve garter __knowledge__ A sleeve garter is a garter worn on the sleeve of a shirt.", "Sleeve garter __knowledge__ It came into wide use in the latter half of the 19th century when men's ready made shirts came in a single (extra long) sleeve length.", "Sleeve garter __knowledge__ Sleeve garters allowed men to customize sleeve lengths and keep their cuffs from becoming soiled while working or at the correct length when worn under a jacket.", "Sleeve garter __knowledge__ While a century ago this item of clothing was once something a man may have worn regardless of profession (with the possible exception of the wealthy or those too well-dressed to wear non-tailored shirts), today sleeve garters are usually seen in relation to one of the following contexts: According to jazz historian Al Rose, the popular image of an early 20th-century saloon pianist being flashily dressed with arm garters was inspired by the way Tony Jackson used to dress while performing.", "History of tattooing __knowledge__ Tattooing has been practiced across the globe since at least Neolithic times, as evidenced by mummified preserved skin, ancient art, and the archaeological record.", "History of tattooing __knowledge__ Both ancient art and archaeological finds of possible tattoo tools suggest tattooing was practiced by the Upper Paleolithic period in Europe.", "History of tattooing __knowledge__ However, direct evidence for tattooing on mummified human skin extends only to the 4th millennium BC.", "History of tattooing __knowledge__ The oldest discovery of tattooed human skin to date is found on the body of Ötzi the Iceman, dating to between 3370 and 3100 BC.", "History of tattooing __knowledge__ Other tattooed mummies have been recovered from at least 49 archaeological sites including locations in Greenland, Alaska, Siberia, Mongolia, western China, Egypt, Sudan, the Philippines, and the Andes.", "Religious perspectives on tattooing __knowledge__ Some religions have perspectives on tattooing.", "Religious perspectives on tattooing __knowledge__ Some Christians take issue with tattooing, upholding the Hebrew prohibition (see below).", "Religious perspectives on tattooing __knowledge__ The Hebrew prohibition is based on interpreting Leviticus 19:28—\"Ye shall not make any cuttings in your flesh for the dead, nor print any marks upon you\"—so as to prohibit tattoos, and perhaps even makeup.", "Religious perspectives on tattooing __knowledge__ Interpretations of the passage vary, however.", "Religious perspectives on tattooing __knowledge__ Some believe that it refers specifically to, and exclusively prohibits, an ancient form of self-mutilation during mourning (as discussed in the Judaism section).", "Religious perspectives on tattooing __knowledge__ Under this interpretation, tattooing is permitted to Jews and Christians.", "Criminal tattoo __knowledge__ Criminal tattoos are a type of tattoos associated with criminals to show gang membership and record the wearer's personal history—such as their skills, specialties, accomplishments, incarceration, world view and/or means of personal expression.", "Criminal tattoo __knowledge__ Tattoos are strongly empirically associated with deviance, personality disorders, and criminality.", "Criminal tattoo __knowledge__ Certain tattoo designs have developed recognized coded meanings.", "Criminal tattoo __knowledge__ The code systems can be quite complex and because of the nature of what they encode, the designs of criminal tattoos are not widely recognized as such to outsiders.", "Criminal tattoo __knowledge__ Since tattooing in prison is illegal in the United States, the inmates do not have the proper equipment necessary for the practice.", "Tattooed Lady __knowledge__ Tattooed ladies were working class women who acquired tattoos and performed in circuses, sideshows, and dime show museums as means for earning a substantial living.", "Tattooed Lady __knowledge__ At the height of their popularity during the turn of the 20th century, tattooed ladies transgressed Victorian gender norms by showcasing their bodies in scantily clad clothing and earned a salary considerably larger their male counterparts.Tattooed ladies often used captivity narratives as a means for excusing their appearance, and to tantalize the audience.", "Tattooed Lady __knowledge__ The popularity of tattooed ladies waned with the onset of television.", "Tattooed Lady __knowledge__ Thirty years before tattooed women exploded on the sideshow and dime museum circuit scene, a young, white woman made national headlines with her unusual appearance and frightening story.", "Irezumi __knowledge__ Irezumi is a traditional style of Japanese tattooing, as well as certain modern forms derived from it.", "Irezumi __knowledge__ Irezumi is done by hand, using wooden handles and metal needles attached via silk thread.", "Irezumi __knowledge__ This method also requires special ink called nara ink.", "Irezumi __knowledge__ It is a painful and time consuming process, done by a limited number of specialists.", "Irezumi __knowledge__ The tattoo artist is called a Horishi, and usually has one or more apprentices working for him for a long period of time.", "Irezumi __knowledge__ They often become a part of the horishis tattoo family.", "Irezumi __knowledge__ Irezumi was initially associated with firemen, who wore them as a form of spiritual protection.", "Sailor tattoos __knowledge__ Sailor tattoos refer to a type of tattoo traditionally favored by sailors and the traditions that accompany these tattoos.", "Sailor tattoos __knowledge__ \"Old school\" tattoos were common among sailors, depicting images like swallows on either side of the chest, girls in sailor hats, and pairs of dice.", "Sailor tattoos __knowledge__ Sailor Jerry's work typified this style of tattooing during the early-mid twentieth century.", "Sailor tattoos __knowledge__ After falling out of style for several decades, these stylized tattoos are regaining popularity again among young people, both sailors and non-sailors.", "Sailor tattoos __knowledge__ They are particularly favored among tattoo artists themselves.", "Sailor tattoos __knowledge__ This returning trend is also seen in the increasing popularity of traditional Sailor Jerry designs, nautical tattoos and even clothing printed with stylized sailor tattoo images." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tattoo __knowledge__ A tattoo is a form of body modification where a design is made by inserting ink, dyes and pigments, either indelible or temporary, into the dermis layer of the skin to change the pigment.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ Tattoos fall into three broad categories: purely decorative (with no specific meaning); symbolic (with a specific meaning pertinent to the wearer); pictorial (a depiction of a specific person or item).", "Tattoo __knowledge__ Tattoos have historically been regarded in the West as 'uncivilised', and over the last 100 years the fashion has been associated mainly with sailors, working men and criminals.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ By the end of the 20th Century many Western stigmas of the tattoo culture had been dismissed and the practice has become more acceptable and accessible for people of all trades and levels of society.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ The word \"tattoo\", or \"tattow\" in the 18th century, is a loanword from the Polynesian word \"tatau\", meaning \"to write\".", "Tattoo __knowledge__ The \"Oxford English Dictionary\" gives the etymology of tattoo as \"In 18th c. tattaow, tattow.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ From Polynesian (Samoan, Tahitian, Tongan, etc.)", "Tattoo __knowledge__ tatau.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ In Marquesan, tatu.\"", "Tattoo __knowledge__ Before the importation of the Polynesian word, the practice of tattooing had been described in the West as painting, scarring, or staining.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ This is not to be confused with the origins of the word for the military drumbeat or performance — see \"military tattoo\".", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Linden Cullen __knowledge__ Linden Cullen is a fictional character from the BBC medical drama \"Holby City\", portrayed by actor Duncan Pow.", "Linden Cullen __knowledge__ He made his first appearance in the series ten episode \"Stolen\", broadcast on 15 January 2008.", "Linden Cullen __knowledge__ The character was the head of Holby City Hospital's surgical admissions ward.", "Linden Cullen __knowledge__ He was killed off at the end of the twelfth series on 12 October 2010.", "Linden Cullen __knowledge__ It was first announced on 6 November 2007 that actor Duncan Pow had been cast in the role of Linden, when series producer Diana Kyle described the new character as \"dishy...good-looking and sexy\".", "Linden Cullen __knowledge__ In the context of the show, Linden was introduced as the new head of the hospital's Acute Assessment Unit, a position which had been filled on a temporary basis by Lola Griffin (Sharon D. Clarke) since the departure of the department's former head, consultant Abra Durant (Adrian Edmonson), at the end of the show's ninth series.", "Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. (season 3) __knowledge__ The third season of the American television series \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.", "Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. (season 3) __knowledge__ \", which is based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. (season 3) __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement, and Logistics Division), revolves around the character of Phil Coulson and his team of S.H.I.E.L.D.", "Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. (season 3) __knowledge__ agents, who assemble a team of Inhumans to deal with new threats to the world.", "Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. (season 3) __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the films of the franchise, and is produced by ABC Studios, Marvel Television, and Mutant Enemy Productions.", "Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. (season 3) __knowledge__ Jed Whedon, Maurissa Tancharoen, and Jeffrey Bell serve as showrunners.", "Political positions of Mitt Romney __knowledge__ The political positions of Mitt Romney have been recorded from his 1994 U.S. senatorial campaign, the 2002 gubernatorial election, during his 2003–2007 governorship, during his 2008 U.S. presidential campaign, in his 2010 book \"\", and during his 2012 U.S. presidential campaign.", "Political positions of Mitt Romney __knowledge__ Some of these political positions have changed, while others have remained unchanged.", "Political positions of Mitt Romney __knowledge__ In his 1994 Senate campaign, Romney called for the \"virtual elimination\" of the federal Department of Agriculture and for reductions in farm subsidies.", "Political positions of Mitt Romney __knowledge__ In 2007, when questioned about these views, a Romney for President Iowa campaign spokesman responded: \"Governor Romney believes that investing in agriculture is key to our economy and families.\"", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ This article contains detailed descriptions of characters of the teen sci-fi TV show \"The Tribe\".", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ Like many other soaps the series had a large number of characters that increased as the series progressed.", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ Most of the main characters were members of the Mall Rats at one point or another.", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ Alice, played by Vanessa Stacey, is a member of the Mall Rats on the television series \"The Tribe\".", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ She originally was the leader of the Farm Girls.", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ She appears in episodes 132, 203 - 352, 547 - 548, 551.", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ Alice is fun loving and can be rowdy, but deep down she is kind and sensitive and has wisdom.", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ She is angry at injustice and has a hot temper.", "Lucky Spencer and Elizabeth Webber __knowledge__ Lucas Lorenzo \"Lucky\" Spencer Jr. and Elizabeth Imogene Webber are fictional characters and a supercouple from the ABC Daytime soap opera, \"General Hospital\".", "Lucky Spencer and Elizabeth Webber __knowledge__ Lucky Spencer is the son legendary supercouple, Luke and Laura, played by Anthony Geary and Genie Francis.", "Lucky Spencer and Elizabeth Webber __knowledge__ Elizabeth Webber is the granddaughter of original \"General Hospital\" character, Steve Hardy (John Beradino), and long-time character Audrey March Hardy (Rachel Ames).", "Lucky Spencer and Elizabeth Webber __knowledge__ Lucky was originated by Jonathan Jackson in 1993, who continued to play the role when Rebecca Herbst originated Elizabeth in 1997.", "Lucky Spencer and Elizabeth Webber __knowledge__ Jackson left the series in 1999, and Lucky was played by Jacob Young and later Greg Vaughan, who was let go in 2009 to allow Jackson to reprise the role.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "History of tattooing __knowledge__ Tattooing has been practiced across the globe since at least Neolithic times, as evidenced by mummified preserved skin, ancient art, and the archaeological record.", "History of tattooing __knowledge__ Both ancient art and archaeological finds of possible tattoo tools suggest tattooing was practiced by the Upper Paleolithic period in Europe.", "History of tattooing __knowledge__ However, direct evidence for tattooing on mummified human skin extends only to the 4th millennium BC.", "History of tattooing __knowledge__ The oldest discovery of tattooed human skin to date is found on the body of Ötzi the Iceman, dating to between 3370 and 3100 BC.", "History of tattooing __knowledge__ Other tattooed mummies have been recovered from at least 49 archaeological sites including locations in Greenland, Alaska, Siberia, Mongolia, western China, Egypt, Sudan, the Philippines, and the Andes.", "Chinese calligraphy tattoos __knowledge__ Chinese calligraphy tattoos are a form of tattooing and a style of calligraphy combined into one form of art.", "Chinese calligraphy tattoos __knowledge__ Originally, Chinese calligraphy and tattoos were combined to distinguish social class or tribes.", "Chinese calligraphy tattoos __knowledge__ Calligraphy started in Europe and Asia and then spread to other continents and countries.", "Chinese calligraphy tattoos __knowledge__ Today, Chinese calligraphy tattoos can be found worldwide and anyone is able to receive them.", "Chinese calligraphy tattoos __knowledge__ People who tend to get these tattoos are fond of this style of tattooing because of their perceived uniqueness.", "Chinese calligraphy tattoos __knowledge__ Calligraphy is a form of art related to writing that originated in ancient Greece.", "Chinese calligraphy tattoos __knowledge__ A pen, fine pointed object, or a brush is used to draw symbols.", "Irezumi __knowledge__ Irezumi is a traditional style of Japanese tattooing, as well as certain modern forms derived from it.", "Irezumi __knowledge__ Irezumi is done by hand, using wooden handles and metal needles attached via silk thread.", "Irezumi __knowledge__ This method also requires special ink called nara ink.", "Irezumi __knowledge__ It is a painful and time consuming process, done by a limited number of specialists.", "Irezumi __knowledge__ The tattoo artist is called a Horishi, and usually has one or more apprentices working for him for a long period of time.", "Irezumi __knowledge__ They often become a part of the horishis tattoo family.", "Irezumi __knowledge__ Irezumi was initially associated with firemen, who wore them as a form of spiritual protection.", "Criminal tattoo __knowledge__ Criminal tattoos are a type of tattoos associated with criminals to show gang membership and record the wearer's personal history—such as their skills, specialties, accomplishments, incarceration, world view and/or means of personal expression.", "Criminal tattoo __knowledge__ Tattoos are strongly empirically associated with deviance, personality disorders, and criminality.", "Criminal tattoo __knowledge__ Certain tattoo designs have developed recognized coded meanings.", "Criminal tattoo __knowledge__ The code systems can be quite complex and because of the nature of what they encode, the designs of criminal tattoos are not widely recognized as such to outsiders.", "Criminal tattoo __knowledge__ Since tattooing in prison is illegal in the United States, the inmates do not have the proper equipment necessary for the practice.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (N–Z) __knowledge__ Through his adventures, Fawcett Comics/DC Comics superhero Captain Marvel and his Marvel Family gained a host of enemies, including the following: Only appearing in \"Captain Marvel Adventures\" #139.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (N–Z) __knowledge__ Niatpac Levram was the creation of the devilish Wizzo the Wizard!", "List of Marvel Family enemies (N–Z) __knowledge__ The wizard created Levram as a mirror duplicate of Captain Marvel by casting a spell and animating Cap's image from a mirror.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (N–Z) __knowledge__ Wizzo used Niatpac Levram to wreak havoc on Captain Marvel's city for the sole purpose of graduating from the School of Black Magicians!", "List of Marvel Family enemies (N–Z) __knowledge__ Cap was able to defeat Wizzo and send Nia back to the mirror universe!", "List of Marvel Family enemies (N–Z) __knowledge__ 1948, \"Mary Marvel\" #24.", "Russian criminal tattoos __knowledge__ During the 20th century in the Soviet Union there was a strong culture of tattoos being used to indicate one's criminal career and rank within Russian criminal and prison communities.", "Russian criminal tattoos __knowledge__ Specifically for those imprisoned under the Gulag system of the Soviet era, the tattoos served to differentiate between who was an authority or thief in law, and who was a political prisoner.", "Russian criminal tattoos __knowledge__ The practice grew in the 1930s, peaking in the 1950s and declining in popularity in the 1970s and 1980s.", "Russian criminal tattoos __knowledge__ The branding of criminals was practised in Russia long before tattooing was customary, and was banned in 1863.", "Russian criminal tattoos __knowledge__ In the 19th century, a \"pricked\" cross on the left hand was often used to identify deserters from the army, and up until 1846, criminals sentenced to hard labour were branded \"VOR\" (\"thief\"), the letters on the forehead and cheeks." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tattoo __knowledge__ A tattoo is a form of body modification where a design is made by inserting ink, dyes and pigments, either indelible or temporary, into the dermis layer of the skin to change the pigment.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ Tattoos fall into three broad categories: purely decorative (with no specific meaning); symbolic (with a specific meaning pertinent to the wearer); pictorial (a depiction of a specific person or item).", "Tattoo __knowledge__ Tattoos have historically been regarded in the West as 'uncivilised', and over the last 100 years the fashion has been associated mainly with sailors, working men and criminals.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ By the end of the 20th Century many Western stigmas of the tattoo culture had been dismissed and the practice has become more acceptable and accessible for people of all trades and levels of society.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ The word \"tattoo\", or \"tattow\" in the 18th century, is a loanword from the Polynesian word \"tatau\", meaning \"to write\".", "Tattoo __knowledge__ The \"Oxford English Dictionary\" gives the etymology of tattoo as \"In 18th c. tattaow, tattow.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ From Polynesian (Samoan, Tahitian, Tongan, etc.)", "Tattoo __knowledge__ tatau.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ In Marquesan, tatu.\"", "Tattoo __knowledge__ Before the importation of the Polynesian word, the practice of tattooing had been described in the West as painting, scarring, or staining.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ This is not to be confused with the origins of the word for the military drumbeat or performance — see \"military tattoo\".", "Value-form __knowledge__ The value-form or form of value () is a concept in Karl Marx's critique of political economy, Marxism and post-Marxism.", "Value-form __knowledge__ It refers to the \"social form\" of a commodity (any product traded in markets) as a symbol of value, which contrasts with its physical features, as a product which can satisfy some human need.", "Value-form __knowledge__ The physical appearance of a commodity is directly observable, but the meaning of its social form is not.", "Value-form __knowledge__ Narrating the paradoxical oddities and metaphysical niceties of ordinary things when they become instruments of trade, Marx seeks to provide a brief morphology of the category of economic value as such - what its substance really is, the forms which this substance takes, and how its magnitude is determined or expressed.", "Statistical hypothesis testing __knowledge__ A statistical hypothesis, sometimes called confirmatory data analysis, is a hypothesis that is testable on the basis of observing a process that is modeled via a set of random variables.", "Statistical hypothesis testing __knowledge__ A statistical hypothesis test is a method of statistical inference.", "Statistical hypothesis testing __knowledge__ Commonly, two statistical data sets are compared, or a data set obtained by sampling is compared against a synthetic data set from an idealized model.", "Statistical hypothesis testing __knowledge__ A hypothesis is proposed for the statistical relationship between the two data sets, and this is compared as an alternative to an idealized null hypothesis that proposes no relationship between two data sets.", "Statistical significance __knowledge__ In statistical hypothesis testing, a result has statistical significance when it is very unlikely to have occurred given the null hypothesis.", "Statistical significance __knowledge__ More precisely, the significance level defined for a study, \"α,\" is the probability of the study rejecting the null hypothesis, given that it were true; and the p-value of a result, \"p,\" is the probability of obtaining a result at least as extreme, given that the null hypothesis were true.", "Statistical significance __knowledge__ The result is statistically significant, by the standards of the study, when \"p < α\".", "Statistical significance __knowledge__ The significance level for a study is chosen before data collection, and typically set to 5% or much lower, depending on the field of study.", "City of district significance (Ukraine) __knowledge__ A city of district significance (, ) is a special category of city municipalities within each of the rural raions (districts) of Ukraine's first-level of administrative divisions.", "City of district significance (Ukraine) __knowledge__ These cities are subordinate to the raion authorities and derive their powers from them.", "City of district significance (Ukraine) __knowledge__ The KOATUU national classification system refers to them as the third-level of the country's administrative divisions.", "City of district significance (Ukraine) __knowledge__ there are 276 cities of district significance in Ukraine.", "City of district significance (Ukraine) __knowledge__ Cities of district significance are automatically considered as \"small cities\", a status which is recognized by a few normative acts of the Verkhovna Rada, the Ukrainian parliament.", "Clinical significance __knowledge__ In medicine and psychology, clinical significance is the practical importance of a treatment effect - whether it has a real genuine, palpable, noticeable effect on daily life.", "Clinical significance __knowledge__ Statistical significance is used in hypothesis testing, whereby the null hypothesis (that there is no relationship between variables) is tested.", "Clinical significance __knowledge__ A level of significance is selected (most commonly alpha = 0.05 or 0.01), which signifies the probability of incorrectly rejecting a true null hypothesis.", "Clinical significance __knowledge__ If there is a significant difference between two groups at alpha = 0.05, it means that there is only a 5% probability of obtaining the observed results under the assumption that the difference is entirely due to chance (i.e., the null hypothesis is true); it gives no indication of the magnitude or clinical importance of the difference.", "Null hypothesis __knowledge__ In inferential statistics, the term \"null hypothesis\" is a general statement or default position that there is no relationship between two measured phenomena, or no association among groups.", "Null hypothesis __knowledge__ Rejecting or disproving the null hypothesis—and thus concluding that there are grounds for believing that there \"is\" a relationship between two phenomena (e.g.", "Null hypothesis __knowledge__ that a potential treatment has a measurable effect)—is a central task in the modern practice of science; the field of statistics gives precise criteria for rejecting a null hypothesis.", "Null hypothesis __knowledge__ The null hypothesis is generally assumed to be true until evidence indicates otherwise.", "Hayyim Angel __knowledge__ Rabbi Hayyim Angel is the National Scholar of the Institute for Jewish Ideas and Ideals (jewishideas.org).", "Hayyim Angel __knowledge__ He has taught advanced Bible courses to undergraduate, graduate, and rabbinical students at Yeshiva University since 1996, and lectures widely.", "Hayyim Angel __knowledge__ He also serves as the Tanakh Education Scholar at Yeshivat Ben Porat Yosef in Paramus, New Jersey.", "Hayyim Angel __knowledge__ He has published over 130 scholarly articles, primarily in Bible, and is author or editor of sixteen books.", "Hayyim Angel __knowledge__ His scholarship focuses on the interaction between traditional and academic approaches to Bible study.", "Hayyim Angel __knowledge__ He previously served as Rabbi of Congregation Shearith Israel in New York City (1995-2013), and as Rabbinic Scholar at Congregation Kehilath Jeshurun in New York (2014-2017).", "Thirty Minutes over Tokyo __knowledge__ \"Thirty Minutes Over Tokyo\" is the twenty-third episode and season finale of \"The Simpsons\" tenth season.", "Thirty Minutes over Tokyo __knowledge__ It first aired on the Fox network in the United States on May 16, 1999.", "Thirty Minutes over Tokyo __knowledge__ In the episode, after being robbed by Snake Jailbird, the Simpsons visit a money-saving seminar, where they learn ways to limit their expenses.", "Thirty Minutes over Tokyo __knowledge__ Soon, the family can afford a cheap last-minute flight to another country, the only disadvantage being that they do not know where their plane tickets will bring them, which leads them to spend their vacation in Japan.", "Thirty Minutes over Tokyo __knowledge__ The episode was written by Donick Cary and Dan Greaney, while Jim Reardon served as director.", "Addictive personality __knowledge__ An addictive personality refers to a particular set of personality traits that make an individual predisposed to developing addictions.", "Addictive personality __knowledge__ This hypothesis states that there may be common personality traits observable in people suffering from addiction.", "Addictive personality __knowledge__ Alan R. Lang of Florida State University, author of an addiction study prepared for the United States National Academy of Sciences, said, \"If we can better identify the personality factors, they can help us devise better treatment and can open up new strategies to intervene and break the patterns of addiction.\"", "Addictive personality __knowledge__ Experts describe the spectrum of behaviors designated as addictive in terms of five interrelated concepts: patterns, habits, compulsions, impulse control disorders, and physical addiction.", "Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–98) __knowledge__ The Japanese invasions of Korea comprised two separate yet linked operations: an initial invasion in 1592, a brief truce in 1596, and a second invasion in 1597.", "Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–98) __knowledge__ The conflict ended in 1598 with the withdrawal of the Japanese forces from the Korean Peninsula after a military stalemate in Korea's southern coastal provinces.", "Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–98) __knowledge__ The invasions were launched by Toyotomi Hideyoshi with the intent of conquering the Korean Peninsula and China, which were ruled by the Joseon and by the Ming dynasty, respectively.", "Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–98) __knowledge__ Japan quickly succeeded in occupying large portions of the Korean Peninsula, but the contribution of reinforcements by the Ming, as well as the disruption of Japanese supply fleets along the western and southern coasts by the Joseon Navy forced a withdrawal of Japanese forces from Pyongyang and the northern provinces to the south, where the Japanese continued to occupy Hanseong (now Seoul) and the southeastern regions.", "Second Sino-Japanese War __knowledge__ The Second Sino-Japanese War was a military conflict fought primarily between the Republic of China and the Empire of Japan from July 7, 1937, to September 9, 1945.", "Second Sino-Japanese War __knowledge__ It began with the Marco Polo Bridge Incident in 1937 in which a dispute between Japanese and Chinese troops escalated into a battle.", "Second Sino-Japanese War __knowledge__ During the Marco Polo Bridge Incident Japanese military demanded permission to enter the Chinese city of Wanping to search for a missing soldier.", "Second Sino-Japanese War __knowledge__ The Chinese refused.", "Second Sino-Japanese War __knowledge__ Later in the night, a unit of Japanese infantry attempted to breach Wanping's walled defences and were repulsed.", "Second Sino-Japanese War __knowledge__ An ultimatum by the Japanese was issued before they would declare war.", "Battle of Shanghai __knowledge__ The Battle of Shanghai was the first of the twenty-two major engagements fought between the National Revolutionary Army (NRA) of the Republic of China (ROC) and the Imperial Japanese Army (IJA) of the Empire of Japan during the Second Sino-Japanese War.", "Battle of Shanghai __knowledge__ It was one of the largest and bloodiest battles of the entire war, described as \"Stalingrad on the Yangtze\".", "Battle of Shanghai __knowledge__ Since 1931, there had been ongoing armed conflicts between China and Japan without the official declaration of war.", "Battle of Shanghai __knowledge__ These conflicts finally escalated in July 1937, when the Marco Polo Bridge Incident triggered the full invasion from Japan.", "Internet addiction disorder __knowledge__ Internet addiction disorder, more commonly called problematic Internet use (PIU), refers to excessive Internet use that interferes with daily life.", "Internet addiction disorder __knowledge__ Addiction is defined by Webster Dictionary as a \"compulsive need for and use of a habit-forming substance characterized by tolerance and by well-defined physiological symptoms upon withdrawal; broadly: persistent compulsive use of a substance known by the user to be harmful\".", "Internet addiction disorder __knowledge__ Problematic Internet use is also called compulsive Internet use (CIU), Internet overuse, problematic computer use, or pathological computer use (PCU), problematic Internet use (PIU), or Internet addiction disorder (IAD)).", "Sexual mimicry __knowledge__ Sexual mimicry occurs when one sex mimics the opposite sex in its behavior, appearance, or chemical signalling.", "Sexual mimicry __knowledge__ It is more commonly seen within invertebrate species, although sexual mimicry is also seen among vertebrates such as spotted hyenas.", "Sexual mimicry __knowledge__ Sexual mimicry is commonly used as a mating strategy to gain access to a mate, a defense mechanism to avoid more dominant individuals, or a survival strategy.", "Sexual mimicry __knowledge__ It can also be a physical characteristic that establishes an individual’s place in society.", "Sexual mimicry __knowledge__ Sexual mimicry is employed differently across species and it is part of their strategy for survival and reproduction." ] ]

[ 1, 52, 0, 2 ]

[ "I have 28 tattoos all over my body", "Many people think tattoos are for criminals but thats not the case. ", "They are addictive. I don;'t have chinese caligraphy ones but I do have japanese on my arms", "They are symbolic to me, I lived in Japan for 6 years" ]

[ "Tattoo", "Tattoo", "Tattoo", "Tattoo" ]

[ "Florida", "Yes i actually live there also!", "Yes that is true. I have never been to those states though", "I can believe it, there seem to be a lot of people here. " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida (; Spanish for \"land of flowers\") is the southernmost state in the southeastern region of the United States.", "Florida __knowledge__ The state is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico and Alabama, to the north by Alabama and Georgia, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, and to the south by the Straits of Florida.", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida is the 22nd-most extensive, the 3rd-most populous, and the 8th-most densely populated of the U.S. states.", "Florida __knowledge__ Jacksonville is the most populous municipality in the state and the largest city by area in the contiguous United States (due to the consolidation of Jacksonville with Duval County).", "Florida __knowledge__ The Miami metropolitan area is Florida's most populous urban area.", "Florida __knowledge__ Tallahassee is the state's capital.", "Florida __knowledge__ About two-thirds of Florida occupies a peninsula between the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean.", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida has the longest coastline in the contiguous United States, approximately , not including the contribution of the many barrier islands.", "Florida __knowledge__ It is the only state that borders both the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean.", "Florida __knowledge__ Much of the state is at or near sea level and is characterized by sedimentary soil.", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida has the lowest high point of any U.S. state.", "Florida __knowledge__ The climate varies from subtropical in the north to tropical in the south." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida (; Spanish for \"land of flowers\") is the southernmost state in the southeastern region of the United States.", "Florida __knowledge__ The state is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico and Alabama, to the north by Alabama and Georgia, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, and to the south by the Straits of Florida.", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida is the 22nd-most extensive, the 3rd-most populous, and the 8th-most densely populated of the U.S. states.", "Florida __knowledge__ Jacksonville is the most populous municipality in the state and the largest city by area in the contiguous United States (due to the consolidation of Jacksonville with Duval County).", "Florida __knowledge__ The Miami metropolitan area is Florida's most populous urban area.", "Florida __knowledge__ Tallahassee is the state's capital.", "Florida __knowledge__ About two-thirds of Florida occupies a peninsula between the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean.", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida has the longest coastline in the contiguous United States, approximately , not including the contribution of the many barrier islands.", "Florida __knowledge__ It is the only state that borders both the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean.", "Florida __knowledge__ Much of the state is at or near sea level and is characterized by sedimentary soil.", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida has the lowest high point of any U.S. state.", "Florida __knowledge__ The climate varies from subtropical in the north to tropical in the south.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "YES Network __knowledge__ The Yankees Entertainment and Sports Network (YES) is an American cable and satellite television regional sports network that is owned by 21st Century Fox (which owns a controlling 80% interest and serves as managing partner) and Yankee Global Enterprises (which owns the remaining 20%).", "YES Network __knowledge__ Primarily serving New York City, New York and the surrounding metropolitan area, it broadcasts a variety of sports events, as well as magazine, documentary and discussion programs; however, its main emphasis is focused on games and team-related programs involving the New York Yankees of Major League Baseball (owned by minority partner Yankee Global), the NBA's Brooklyn Nets and New York City FC of Major League Soccer.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Yes and no, or word pairs with a similar usage , are expressions of the affirmative and the negative, respectively, in several languages including English.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages make distinction between answers to affirmative versus negative questions, thus may have triplet or quadruplets of words instead.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ English originally used a four-form system up to and including Early Middle English but Modern English has reduced this to a two-form system consisting of just 'yes' and 'no'.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ It exists in eye blink communication, Morse Code, sign language, and maybe in color coded flag communication.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages do not answer yes–no questions with single words meaning 'yes' or 'no'.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Yes Minister is a Political satire British sitcom written by Antony Jay and Jonathan Lynn that was first transmitted on BBC Two from 1980 to 1984, split over three seven-episode series.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ The sequel, Yes, Prime Minister, ran from 1986 to 1988.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ In total there were 38 episodes, of which all but one lasted half an hour.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Almost all episodes ended with a variation of the title of the series spoken as the answer to a question posed by Hacker.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Several episodes were adapted for BBC Radio, and a stage play was produced in 2010, the latter leading to a new television series on UKTV Gold in 2013.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Set principally in the private office of a British Cabinet minister in the fictional Department of Administrative Affairs in Whitehall, \"Yes Minister\" follows the ministerial career of the Rt Hon Jim Hacker MP, played by Paul Eddington.", "United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, 2011 __knowledge__ The United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, also known as the UK-wide referendum on the Parliamentary voting system was held on Thursday 5 May 2011 (the same date as local elections in many areas) in the United Kingdom (UK) to choose the method of electing MPs at subsequent general elections as part of the Conservative – Liberal Democrat Coalition Agreement drawn up after the 2010 general election which had resulted in the first hung parliament since February 1974 and also indirectly in the aftermath of the 2009 expenses scandal under the provisions of the Parliamentary Voting System and Constituencies Act 2011 and was the first national referendum to be held under provisions laid out in the Political Parties, Elections and Referendums Act 2000.", "Footfalls __knowledge__ Footfalls is a play by Samuel Beckett.", "Footfalls __knowledge__ It was written in English, between 2 March and December 1975 and was first performed at the Royal Court Theatre as part of the Samuel Beckett Festival, on May 20, 1976 directed by Beckett himself.", "Footfalls __knowledge__ Billie Whitelaw, for whom the piece had been written, played May whilst Rose Hill voiced the mother.", "Footfalls __knowledge__ The play is in four parts.", "Footfalls __knowledge__ Each opens with the sound of a bell.", "Footfalls __knowledge__ After this the lights fade up to reveal an illuminated strip along which a woman, May, paces back and forth, nine steps within a one-metre stretch.", "Footfalls __knowledge__ In each part, the light will be somewhat darker than in the preceding one.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ The 1995 Quebec referendum was the second referendum to ask voters in the Canadian French-speaking province of Quebec whether Quebec should proclaim national sovereignty and become an independent country, with the condition precedent of offering a political and economic agreement to Canada.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ The culmination of multiple years of debate and planning after the failure of the Meech Lake and Charlottetown constitutional accords, the referendum was launched solely by the provincial Parti Québécois government of Jacques Parizeau.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ Despite initial predictions of a heavy sovereignist defeat, an eventful and complex campaign followed, with the \"Yes\" side flourishing after being taken over by charismatic Bloc Québécois leader Lucien Bouchard.", "Gillard Government __knowledge__ The Gillard Government was the Government of Australia led by the 27th Prime Minister of Australia, Julia Gillard, of the Australian Labor Party.", "Gillard Government __knowledge__ The Gillard Government succeeded the First Rudd Government by way of the Labor Party leadership spill, and began on 24 June 2010, with Gillard sworn in as Prime Minister by the Governor-General of Australia, Quentin Bryce.", "Gillard Government __knowledge__ The Gillard Government ended when Kevin Rudd won back the leadership of the Australian Labor Party on 26 June 2013 and commenced the Second Rudd Government.", "Gillard Government __knowledge__ Julia Gillard was the first female Prime Minister of Australia.", "Gillard Government __knowledge__ Before mounting her successful 2010 Challenge to Rudd's leadership, Gillard had served as Deputy Prime Minister in the First Rudd Government.", "Governor-General of Australia __knowledge__ The Governor-General of the Commonwealth of Australia is the representative in Australia of the Australian monarch, currently Queen Elizabeth II.", "Governor-General of Australia __knowledge__ The Governor-General is appointed by the Queen on the advice of the Prime Minister of Australia.", "Governor-General of Australia __knowledge__ The Governor-General has formal presidency over the Federal Executive Council and is Commander-in-Chief of the Australian Defence Force, as well as viceregal representative in the Australian Capital Territory.", "Governor-General of Australia __knowledge__ The functions of the Governor-General include appointing ministers, judges, and ambassadors; giving royal assent to legislation passed by Parliament; issuing writs for election; and bestowing Australian honours.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ Shortly after her creation in 1974, the Hello Kitty vinyl coin purse was introduced by Sanrio in March 1975.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ The character was then brought to the United States in 1976.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ The character is a staple of the \"kawaii\" segment of Japanese popular culture.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ By 2010, Sanrio had groomed Hello Kitty into a global marketing phenomenon worth $5 billion a year.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ By 2014, when Hello Kitty was 40 years old, she was worth about $7 billion a year, all without advertising except on Sanrio's, related show producers', and ticket sales' webpages and at show venues and nearby locations.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ Originally aimed at preadolescent females, Hello Kitty's market has broadened to include adult consumers, being found on a variety of products ranging from school supplies to fashion accessories.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ , formerly simply and colloquially referred to as , is a Japanese female idol group, holding the second highest overall single sales (of a female group) on the Oricon charts as of February 2012, with the Oricon record of most top ten singles with an amount of 50, and they have sold over 21 million copies in Japan alone.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ Morning Musume was formed in 1997 by rock singer-songwriter turned record producer Tsunku, who later composed the vast majority of the group's songs over the decade.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ They are the lead group of Hello!", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ Project that specialises in upbeat, pop-oriented music coupled with dance performance.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ No Man's Sky is an action-adventure survival video game developed and published by the indie studio Hello Games for PlayStation 4 and Microsoft Windows.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ It was released worldwide in August 2016.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ The game is built around four pillars: exploration, survival, combat, and trading.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ Players are free to perform within the entirety of a procedurally generated deterministic open universe, which includes over 18 quintillion planets.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ Through the game's procedural generation system, planets have their own ecosystems with unique forms of flora and fauna, and various sentient alien species may engage the player in combat or trade within planetary systems.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ \"Hello\" is a song by English singer Adele, released on 23 October 2015 by XL Recordings as the lead single from her third studio album, \"25\" (2015).", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ Adele co-wrote the song with her producer, Greg Kurstin.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ \"Hello\" is a piano ballad with soul influences, and lyrics that discuss themes of nostalgia and regret.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ Upon release, the song was acclaimed by music critics, who compared it favourably to Adele's previous work and praised the song's lyrics and Adele's vocals while many critics and publications ranked it as one of the best songs of the year.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ It was recorded in London.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ \"Hello\" reached number one in almost every country it charted in, including the United Kingdom, where it became her second UK number-one single, following \"Someone like You\", and has the largest opening week sales in three years." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida (; Spanish for \"land of flowers\") is the southernmost state in the southeastern region of the United States.", "Florida __knowledge__ The state is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico and Alabama, to the north by Alabama and Georgia, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, and to the south by the Straits of Florida.", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida is the 22nd-most extensive, the 3rd-most populous, and the 8th-most densely populated of the U.S. states.", "Florida __knowledge__ Jacksonville is the most populous municipality in the state and the largest city by area in the contiguous United States (due to the consolidation of Jacksonville with Duval County).", "Florida __knowledge__ The Miami metropolitan area is Florida's most populous urban area.", "Florida __knowledge__ Tallahassee is the state's capital.", "Florida __knowledge__ About two-thirds of Florida occupies a peninsula between the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean.", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida has the longest coastline in the contiguous United States, approximately , not including the contribution of the many barrier islands.", "Florida __knowledge__ It is the only state that borders both the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean.", "Florida __knowledge__ Much of the state is at or near sea level and is characterized by sedimentary soil.", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida has the lowest high point of any U.S. state.", "Florida __knowledge__ The climate varies from subtropical in the north to tropical in the south.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, 2011 __knowledge__ The United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, also known as the UK-wide referendum on the Parliamentary voting system was held on Thursday 5 May 2011 (the same date as local elections in many areas) in the United Kingdom (UK) to choose the method of electing MPs at subsequent general elections as part of the Conservative – Liberal Democrat Coalition Agreement drawn up after the 2010 general election which had resulted in the first hung parliament since February 1974 and also indirectly in the aftermath of the 2009 expenses scandal under the provisions of the Parliamentary Voting System and Constituencies Act 2011 and was the first national referendum to be held under provisions laid out in the Political Parties, Elections and Referendums Act 2000.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Yes Minister is a Political satire British sitcom written by Antony Jay and Jonathan Lynn that was first transmitted on BBC Two from 1980 to 1984, split over three seven-episode series.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ The sequel, Yes, Prime Minister, ran from 1986 to 1988.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ In total there were 38 episodes, of which all but one lasted half an hour.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Almost all episodes ended with a variation of the title of the series spoken as the answer to a question posed by Hacker.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Several episodes were adapted for BBC Radio, and a stage play was produced in 2010, the latter leading to a new television series on UKTV Gold in 2013.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Set principally in the private office of a British Cabinet minister in the fictional Department of Administrative Affairs in Whitehall, \"Yes Minister\" follows the ministerial career of the Rt Hon Jim Hacker MP, played by Paul Eddington.", "The Doctor (Doctor Who) __knowledge__ The Doctor is the title character in the long-running BBC science fiction television programme \"Doctor Who\".", "The Doctor (Doctor Who) __knowledge__ Since the show's inception in 1963, the character has been portrayed by twelve lead actors.", "The Doctor (Doctor Who) __knowledge__ In the programme, \"the Doctor\" is the alias assumed by a centuries-old alien—a Time Lord from the planet Gallifrey—who travels through space and time in the TARDIS, frequently with companions.", "The Doctor (Doctor Who) __knowledge__ The transition to each succeeding actor is explained within the show's narrative through the plot device of \"regeneration\", a biological function of the Time Lord race that allows a change of cellular structure and appearance with recovery following a potentially fatal injury.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ \"Glee\" is a musical comedy-drama television series that aired on Fox in the United States for six seasons from 2009 to 2015.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ It focuses on the high school glee club New Directions competing on the show choir competition circuit, while its members deal with relationships, sexuality and social issues.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ The initial main cast encompassed club director and Spanish (later History) teacher Will Schuester (Matthew Morrison), cheerleading coach Sue Sylvester (Jane Lynch), guidance counselor Emma Pillsbury (Jayma Mays), Will's wife Terri (Jessalyn Gilsig), and eight club members played by Dianna Agron, Chris Colfer, Kevin McHale, Lea Michele, Cory Monteith, Amber Riley, Mark Salling and Jenna Ushkowitz.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ A referendum on Scottish independence from the United Kingdom took place on 18 September 2014.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The referendum question, which voters answered with \"Yes\" or \"No\", was \"Should Scotland be an independent country?\"", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The \"No\" side won, with 2,001,926 (55.3%) voting against independence and 1,617,989 (44.7%) voting in favour.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The turnout of 84.6% was the highest recorded for an election or referendum in the United Kingdom since the introduction of universal suffrage.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The Scottish Independence Referendum Act 2013, setting out the arrangements for the referendum, was passed by the Scottish Parliament in November 2013, following an agreement between the Scottish Government and the United Kingdom government.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ Richard Christopher \"Rick\" Wakeman (born 18 May 1949) is an English keyboardist, songwriter, television and radio presenter, and author.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ He is best known for being in the progressive rock band Yes across five tenures between 1971 and 2004 and for his solo albums released in the 1970s.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ He is a current member of Yes Featuring Jon Anderson, Trevor Rabin and Rick Wakeman.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ Born and raised in West London, Wakeman intended to be a concert pianist but quit his studies at the Royal College of Music in 1969 to become a full-time session musician.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ His early sessions included playing on \"Space Oddity\", among others, for David Bowie and songs by Junior's Eyes, T. Rex, Elton John, and Cat Stevens.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama is a state in the southeastern region of the United States.", "Alabama __knowledge__ It is bordered by Tennessee to the north, Georgia to the east, Florida and the Gulf of Mexico to the south, and Mississippi to the west.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama is the 30th largest by area and the 24th-most populous of the U.S. states.", "Alabama __knowledge__ With a total of of inland waterways, Alabama has among the most of any state.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama is nicknamed the \"Yellowhammer State\", after the state bird.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama is also known as the \"Heart of Dixie\" and the \"Cotton State\".", "Alabama __knowledge__ The state tree is the longleaf pine, and the state flower is the camellia.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama's capital is Montgomery.", "History of Eglin Air Force Base __knowledge__ Eglin Air Force Base, a United States Air Force base located southwest of Valparaiso, Florida, was established in 1935 as the Valparaiso Bombing and Gunnery Base.", "History of Eglin Air Force Base __knowledge__ It is named in honor of Lieutenant Colonel Frederick I. Eglin (1891–1937), who was killed in a crash of his Northrop A-17 pursuit aircraft on a flight from Langley to Maxwell Field, Alabama.", "History of Eglin Air Force Base __knowledge__ Eglin is the home of the Air Armament Center (AAC) and is one of three product centers in the Air Force Materiel Command (AFMC).", "History of Eglin Air Force Base __knowledge__ Valparaiso Airport was created in 1933, when an arrowhead-shaped parcel of was cleared for use as an airdrome.", "History of Eglin Air Force Base __knowledge__ In 1931, the Air Corps Tactical School, newly relocated to Maxwell Field, Alabama, sought a location for a bombing and gunnery range.", "West Alabama Tigers __knowledge__ The University of West Alabama currently features 18 sports teams.", "West Alabama Tigers __knowledge__ Men's and women's outdoor track were added in Spring 2013.", "West Alabama Tigers __knowledge__ Men's and women's golf will start fall of 2013.", "West Alabama Tigers __knowledge__ Both the male and female athletic teams are called the West Alabama Tigers.", "West Alabama Tigers __knowledge__ 16 teams participate in the NCAA's Division II as a member of the Gulf South Conference.", "West Alabama Tigers __knowledge__ Men's and women's rodeo compete in the Ozark Region of the National Intercollegiate Rodeo Association.", "West Alabama Tigers __knowledge__ Athletics facilities on the campus include 7,000-seat Tiger Stadium, James P. Homer ye s, Pruitt Hall, Tartt Field, UWA Softball Complex, Dora Dahlberg Beard Indoor Practice Facility, Howard R. Vaughan Tennis Complex, Don C. Hines Rodeo Complex, and UWA Cross Country Facility.", "Gulf of Mexico __knowledge__ The Gulf of Mexico () is an ocean basin and a marginal sea of the Atlantic Ocean, largely surrounded by the North American continent.", "Gulf of Mexico __knowledge__ It is bounded on the northeast, north and northwest by the Gulf Coast of the United States, on the southwest and south by Mexico, and on the southeast by Cuba.", "Gulf of Mexico __knowledge__ The U.S. states of Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama and Florida border the Gulf on the north, which are often referred to as the \"Third Coast\" in comparison with the U.S. Atlantic and Pacific coasts, or sometimes the \"south coast\", in juxtaposition to the Great Lakes region being the \"north coast.\"", "Gulf of Mexico __knowledge__ The Gulf of Mexico formed approximately 300 million years ago as a result of plate tectonics.", "Mobile, Alabama __knowledge__ Mobile ( ; ) is the county seat of Mobile County, Alabama, United States.", "Mobile, Alabama __knowledge__ The population within the city limits was 195,111 as of the 2010 United States Census, making it the third most populous city in Alabama, the most populous in Mobile County, and the largest municipality on the Gulf Coast between New Orleans, Louisiana, and St. Petersburg, Florida.", "Mobile, Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama's only saltwater port, Mobile is located on the Mobile River at the head of the Mobile Bay and the north-central Gulf Coast.", "Mobile, Alabama __knowledge__ The Port of Mobile has always played a key role in the economic health of the city, beginning with the settlement as an important trading center between the French colonists and Native Americans, down to its current role as the 12th-largest port in the United States.", "Hurricane Elena __knowledge__ Hurricane Elena was an unpredictable and damaging tropical cyclone that affected eastern and central portions of the United States Gulf Coast in late August and early September 1985.", "Hurricane Elena __knowledge__ Threatening popular tourist destinations during Labor Day weekend, Elena repeatedly deviated from its forecast path, triggering evacuations of unprecedented extent.", "Hurricane Elena __knowledge__ The hurricane wrought havoc to property and the environment between southwestern Florida and eastern Louisiana, though lesser effects were felt well beyond those areas.", "Hurricane Elena __knowledge__ Elena developed on August 28 near Cuba, and after traveling lengthwise across the island with little impact, it entered the Gulf of Mexico and continued to strengthen.", "Hurricane Katrina __knowledge__ Hurricane Katrina was an extremely destructive and deadly tropical cyclone that was one of the costliest natural disasters and one of the five deadliest hurricanes in the history of the United States.", "Hurricane Katrina __knowledge__ As Katrina made landfall, its front right quadrant, which held the strongest winds, slammed into Gulfport, Mississippi, devastating it.", "Hurricane Katrina __knowledge__ The storm originated over the Bahamas on August 23 from the interaction between a tropical wave and the remnants of Tropical Depression Ten.", "Hurricane Katrina __knowledge__ Early the following day, the new depression intensified into Tropical Storm Katrina.", "Hurricane Katrina __knowledge__ The cyclone headed generally westward toward Florida and strengthened into a hurricane only two hours before making landfall at Hallandale Beach and Aventura on August 25." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida (; Spanish for \"land of flowers\") is the southernmost state in the southeastern region of the United States.", "Florida __knowledge__ The state is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico and Alabama, to the north by Alabama and Georgia, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, and to the south by the Straits of Florida.", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida is the 22nd-most extensive, the 3rd-most populous, and the 8th-most densely populated of the U.S. states.", "Florida __knowledge__ Jacksonville is the most populous municipality in the state and the largest city by area in the contiguous United States (due to the consolidation of Jacksonville with Duval County).", "Florida __knowledge__ The Miami metropolitan area is Florida's most populous urban area.", "Florida __knowledge__ Tallahassee is the state's capital.", "Florida __knowledge__ About two-thirds of Florida occupies a peninsula between the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean.", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida has the longest coastline in the contiguous United States, approximately , not including the contribution of the many barrier islands.", "Florida __knowledge__ It is the only state that borders both the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean.", "Florida __knowledge__ Much of the state is at or near sea level and is characterized by sedimentary soil.", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida has the lowest high point of any U.S. state.", "Florida __knowledge__ The climate varies from subtropical in the north to tropical in the south.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Hillary Clinton, the nominee of the Democratic Party for president of the United States in 2016, has taken positions on political issues while serving as First Lady of Arkansas (1979–81; 1983–92), First Lady of the United States (1993–2001); as U.S.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Senator from New York (2001–2009); and serving as the United States Secretary of State (2009–2013).", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In accordance with longstanding custom, during her time as Secretary of State she largely avoided taking stances on most domestic political issues.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In 2015, she announced her candidacy for the presidency.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Clinton won the Democratic primaries and formally became the party's nominee at the 2016 Democratic National Convention.", "Discworld gods __knowledge__ The Discworld gods are the fictional deities from Terry Pratchett's \"Discworld\" series of fantasy novels.", "Discworld gods __knowledge__ The Discworld, being a flat disc supported on the backs of four elephants on top of a giant flying turtle, exists in a region of the universe where reality is somewhat less consistent than it appears in our own, more mundane corner of existence.", "Discworld gods __knowledge__ Because reality on the Disc is so fragile and malleable, belief has a tendency to take on a life of its own, and gods are far more obvious to the people of the Disc than they appear to us.", "Discworld gods __knowledge__ Gods are everywhere on the Discworld, a crucial element of the world's peculiar ecology that gives power to belief and demands resolution to any and all narratives.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters in the television series \"Mad Men\", all of whom have appeared in multiple episodes.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Donald \"Don\" Draper (né Dick Whitman; Jon Hamm) born 1926, is the creative director at Sterling Cooper Advertising Agency; he eventually rises to become a partner.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ He later becomes a founding partner at Sterling Cooper Draper Pryce.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Draper is the series' protagonist, and more storylines focus on him than on other characters.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Margaret \"Peggy\" Olson (Elisabeth Moss), upon introduction, is the ostensibly naïve \"new girl\" at Sterling Cooper.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ She was originally Draper's secretary, but showed surprising talent and initiative, including a knack—similar to Draper's—for understanding the consumer's mind.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The Texarkana Moonlight Murders, a term coined by the news media, references the unsolved murders committed in and around Texarkana in the spring of 1946 by an unidentified serial killer known as the \"Phantom Killer\", or \"Phantom Slayer\".", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The killer is credited with attacking eight people within ten weeks, five of whom were killed.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The attacks happened on weekends between February 22, 1946 and May 3, 1946.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The first two victims, Jimmy Hollis and Mary Larey, survived.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The first double murder, which involved Richard Griffin and Polly Ann Moore, happened four weeks later.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The second double-homicide, involving Paul Martin and Betty Jo Booker, occurred exactly three weeks from the first murders.", "LGBT in Islam __knowledge__ LGBT in Islam is influenced by the religious, legal, social, and cultural history of the nations with a sizable Muslim population, along with specific passages in the Quran and hadith, statements attributed to the Islamic prophet Muhammad.", "LGBT in Islam __knowledge__ The Quran cites the story of the \"people of Lot\" destroyed by the wrath of God because they engaged in lustful carnal acts between men.", "LGBT in Islam __knowledge__ Homosexual acts are forbidden in traditional Islamic jurisprudence and are liable to different punishments, including the death penalty, depending on the situation and legal school.", "LGBT in Islam __knowledge__ However, homosexual relationships were generally tolerated in pre-modern Islamic societies, and historical record suggests that these laws were invoked infrequently, mainly in cases of rape or other \"exceptionally blatant infringement on public morals\".", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Electoral College (United States) __knowledge__ The United States Electoral College is the mechanism established by the United States Constitution for the indirect election of the president and vice president of the United States.", "Electoral College (United States) __knowledge__ Citizens vote in each state and the District of Columbia at a general election to choose a slate of \"electors\" who are pledged to vote for a particular party's candidate.", "Electoral College (United States) __knowledge__ The Twelfth Amendment requires each elector to cast one vote for president and another vote for vice president.", "Electoral College (United States) __knowledge__ In each state and the District of Columbia, electors are chosen every four years on the Tuesday after the first Monday in November, and then meet to cast ballots on the first Monday after the second Wednesday in December.", "U.S. cities with teams from four major league sports __knowledge__ There are 13 U.S. cities with teams from four major sports, where \"city\" is defined as the entire metropolitan area, and \"major professional sports leagues\" as: The New York and the Los Angeles metropolitan areas, the two largest cities in the country, are the only two regions with at least two teams in each major sports league, with the New York metropolitan area being home to three NHL clubs.", "U.S. cities with teams from four major league sports __knowledge__ \"Italicized\" teams play outside the city limits of the metropolitan area's core city or cities; the specific location is given in parentheses.", "U.S. cities with teams from four major league sports __knowledge__ The core city or cities of a metropolitan area are identified in this reference.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ New York is a state in the northeastern United States.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ New York was one of the original thirteen colonies that formed the United States.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ With an estimated 19.85 million residents in 2017, it is the fourth most populous state in the United States.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ To differentiate from its city with the same name, it is sometimes called New York State.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ The state's largest city, New York City, makes up over 40% of the state's population.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ Two-thirds of the state's population lives in the New York metropolitan area, and nearly 40% lives on Long Island.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ The state and city were both named for the 17th-century Duke of York, future King James II of England.", "UCF Knights football __knowledge__ The UCF Knights football team represents The University of Central Florida (UCF) in the sport of American football.", "UCF Knights football __knowledge__ The Knights compete in the Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and the East Division of the American Athletic Conference (The American).", "UCF Knights football __knowledge__ Their current head coach is Josh Heupel, formerly a player and coach at Oklahoma and offensive coordinator at Missouri.", "UCF Knights football __knowledge__ The Knights play their home games at the 44,000-seat Spectrum Stadium, which is located on UCF's main campus in Orlando, Florida, United States.", "UCF Knights football __knowledge__ UCF first fielded a varsity football team in the fall of 1979 as a NCAA Division III program and subsequently completed their ascension to Division I–A, now known as the Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS), in 1996, becoming the only program in NCAA history to have played in all four divisions of football.", "Demographics of Florida __knowledge__ Florida is the third-most populous state in the United States.", "Demographics of Florida __knowledge__ With a population of 18.8 million according to the 2010 census, Florida is the most populous state in the Southeastern United States, and the second-most populous state in the South behind Texas.", "Demographics of Florida __knowledge__ Within the United States, it contains the highest percentage of people over 65 (17.3%), and the 8th fewest people under 18 (21.9%).", "Demographics of Florida __knowledge__ Its residents include people from a wide variety of ethnic, racial, national and religious backgrounds.", "Demographics of Florida __knowledge__ The state has attracted immigrants, particularly from Latin America.", "Demographics of Florida __knowledge__ Florida's majority ethnic group are European Americans, with approximately 65% of the population identifying as White.", "California __knowledge__ California is a state in the Pacific Region of the United States.", "California __knowledge__ With 39.5 million residents, California is the most populous state in the United States and the third most extensive by area.", "California __knowledge__ The state capital is Sacramento.", "California __knowledge__ The Greater Los Angeles Area and the San Francisco Bay Area are the nation's second- and fifth-most populous urban regions, with 18.7 million and 8.8 million residents respectively.", "California __knowledge__ Los Angeles is California's most populous city, and the country's second-most populous, after New York City.", "California __knowledge__ California also has the nation's most populous county, Los Angeles County; its largest county by area, San Bernardino County; and its fifth most densely populated county, San Francisco." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 0 ]

[ "Hello, I live in Florida, the southernmost state of the United States. Have you ever been there?", "Awesome! We are bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico and to the north by Alabama and Georgia.", "Florida is so much better. We are the 3rd-most populous state of the USA.", "Yes, about 2/3 of us live on the peninsula and the remaining live on the \"panhandle\". What area are you in?" ]

[ "Florida", "Florida", "Florida", "Florida" ]

[ "Travel\nI love to travel. I have been to five countries in Europe. Do you like traveling? ", "What's your favorite airline?", "I've never flown with them. What's the most common mode of transportation for those who travel?", "I would love to go on a long train ride across the country some day", "Yes I can see how that could be more economical " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Travel __knowledge__ Travel is the movement of people between relatively distant geographical locations, and can involve travel by foot, bicycle, automobile, train, boat, bus, airplane, or other means, with or without luggage, and can be one way or round trip.", "Travel __knowledge__ Travel can also include relatively short stays between successive movements.", "Travel __knowledge__ The origin of the word \"travel\" is most likely lost to history.", "Travel __knowledge__ The term \"travel\" may originate from the Old French word \"travail\", which means 'work'.", "Travel __knowledge__ According to the Merriam Webster dictionary, the first known use of the word \"travel\" was in the 14th century.", "Travel __knowledge__ It also states that the word comes from Middle English \"travailen\", \"travelen\" (which means to torment, labor, strive, journey) and earlier from Old French \"travailler\" (which means to work strenuously, toil).", "Travel __knowledge__ In English we still occasionally use the words \"travail\", which means struggle.", "Travel __knowledge__ According to Simon Winchester in his book \"The Best Travelers' Tales (2004)\", the words \"travel\" and \"travail\" both share an even more ancient root: a Roman instrument of torture called the \"tripalium\" (in Latin it means \"three stakes\", as in to impale).", "Travel __knowledge__ This link may reflect the extreme difficulty of travel in ancient times.", "Travel __knowledge__ Today, travel may or may not be much easier depending upon the destination you choose (e.g.", "Hyperspace (science fiction) __knowledge__ Hyperspace is a faster-than-light (FTL) method of traveling used in science fiction.", "Hyperspace (science fiction) __knowledge__ It is typically described as an alternative \"sub-region\" of space co-existing with our own universe which may be entered using an energy field or other device.", "Hyperspace (science fiction) __knowledge__ As seen in most fiction hyperspace is most succinctly described as a \"somewhere else\" within which the laws of general and special relativity decidedly do \"not\" apply – especially with respect to the speed of light being the cosmic speed limit.", "Hyperspace (science fiction) __knowledge__ Entering and exiting said \"elsewhere\" thus directly enables travel near or faster than the speed of light – almost universally with the aid of extremely advanced technology.", "National Intelligence Assessments on Infectious Diseases __knowledge__ The United States intelligence community (IC) has a long history of producing assessments on infectious diseases.", "National Intelligence Assessments on Infectious Diseases __knowledge__ Most of these papers are distributed to government administrators and inform the choices of policymakers.", "National Intelligence Assessments on Infectious Diseases __knowledge__ Three of these assessments stand out as analytical products that have had important impact on the awareness, funding and treatment of infectious diseases around the world.", "National Intelligence Assessments on Infectious Diseases __knowledge__ The first paper is the National Intelligence Estimate on the Global Infectious Disease Threat, the second paper is the assessment on the Next Wave of HIV/AIDS, and the third paper was the assessment on SARS.", "National Intelligence Assessments on Infectious Diseases __knowledge__ This page summarizes the findings of these three papers and provides information about their impact.", "Visa policy of China __knowledge__ Visitors to the Mainland of the People's Republic of China must obtain a visa from one of the Chinese diplomatic missions unless they come from one of the visa exempt countries.", "Visa policy of China __knowledge__ The two Special Administrative Regions – Hong Kong and Macau – maintain their own independent border control policy and thus have their own visa requirements.", "Visa policy of China __knowledge__ Chinese visas are issued both outside China, by the Chinese diplomatic missions, and in China, by the Exit and Entry Administrations (EEAs) of the county-level Public Security Bureaus (PSBs).", "Visa policy of China __knowledge__ In order to enter China, however, a non-Chinese national should apply to the visa-issuing authorities outside China for a Chinese visa.", "Mass surveillance __knowledge__ Mass surveillance is the intricate surveillance of an entire or a substantial fraction of a population in order to monitor that group of citizens.", "Mass surveillance __knowledge__ The surveillance is often carried out by governments or governmental organisations, but may also be carried out by corporations, either on behalf of governments or at their own initiative.", "Mass surveillance __knowledge__ Depending on each nation's laws and judicial systems, the legality of and the permission required to engage in mass surveillance varies.", "Mass surveillance __knowledge__ It is often distinguished from targeted surveillance.", "Mass surveillance __knowledge__ Mass surveillance has often been cited as necessary to fight terrorism, to prevent social unrest, to protect national security, to fight child pornography and protect children and to control the population.", "The Life of Nancy __knowledge__ The Life of Nancy (1895) is a collection of eleven short stories by Sarah Orne Jewett.", "The Life of Nancy __knowledge__ Following in the tradition of \"local color\" fiction, Jewett's stories are defined by their detailed descriptions of all aspects of everyday life in the country locales and fishing-towns in which the stories are set.", "The Life of Nancy __knowledge__ Despite the lack of relation between the characters in each story, a common theme runs through the collection: nostalgia for the past and/or a need for revival of tradition.", "The Life of Nancy __knowledge__ On its release, \"The Life of Nancy\" was extremely well received.", "The Life of Nancy __knowledge__ It drew positive reviews in numerous journals, papers and magazines including \"The Nation\", \"The Atlantic\", \"The Atlantic Monthly\", \"The Daily Picayune\", and \"The Chautauquan\".", "United States labor law __knowledge__ United States labor law sets the rights and duties for employees, labor unions, and employers in the United States.", "United States labor law __knowledge__ Labor law's basic aim is to remedy the \"inequality of bargaining power\" between employees and employers, especially employers \"organized in the corporate or other forms of ownership association\".", "United States labor law __knowledge__ Over the 20th century, federal law created minimum social and economic rights, and encouraged state laws to go beyond the minimum to favor employees.", "United States labor law __knowledge__ The Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 requires a federal minimum wage, currently $7.25 but higher in 28 states, and discourages unhealthy working weeks over 40 hours through time-and-a-half overtime pay.", "European Union's scientific cooperation beyond the bloc __knowledge__ European Union’s scientific collaboration beyond the bloc describes the European Union's frameworks for bilateral cooperation and specific projects in science and technology with countries and regional blocs situated beyond the European Union.", "European Union's scientific cooperation beyond the bloc __knowledge__ Since 1994, the European Union (EU) has signed international agreements for scientific and technological cooperation with 20 ‘third’ countries: Algeria, Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Egypt, India, Japan, Jordan, Rep. Korea, Mexico, Morocco, New Zealand, Russian Federation, South Africa, Tunisia, Ukraine and the USA.", "European Union's scientific cooperation beyond the bloc __knowledge__ For the European Parliament, ‘the science diplomacy aspect of this cooperation is emphasized at EU level to facilitate interactions with third countries, as well as to increase the EU's soft power’." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Travel __knowledge__ Travel is the movement of people between relatively distant geographical locations, and can involve travel by foot, bicycle, automobile, train, boat, bus, airplane, or other means, with or without luggage, and can be one way or round trip.", "Travel __knowledge__ Travel can also include relatively short stays between successive movements.", "Travel __knowledge__ The origin of the word \"travel\" is most likely lost to history.", "Travel __knowledge__ The term \"travel\" may originate from the Old French word \"travail\", which means 'work'.", "Travel __knowledge__ According to the Merriam Webster dictionary, the first known use of the word \"travel\" was in the 14th century.", "Travel __knowledge__ It also states that the word comes from Middle English \"travailen\", \"travelen\" (which means to torment, labor, strive, journey) and earlier from Old French \"travailler\" (which means to work strenuously, toil).", "Travel __knowledge__ In English we still occasionally use the words \"travail\", which means struggle.", "Travel __knowledge__ According to Simon Winchester in his book \"The Best Travelers' Tales (2004)\", the words \"travel\" and \"travail\" both share an even more ancient root: a Roman instrument of torture called the \"tripalium\" (in Latin it means \"three stakes\", as in to impale).", "Travel __knowledge__ This link may reflect the extreme difficulty of travel in ancient times.", "Travel __knowledge__ Today, travel may or may not be much easier depending upon the destination you choose (e.g.", "Garuda Indonesia __knowledge__ Garuda Indonesia (officially PT Garuda Indonesia (Persero) Tbk ) is the national airline of Indonesia.", "Garuda Indonesia __knowledge__ Named after the holy bird Garuda of Hinduism from the national emblem of Indonesia, the airline is headquartered at Soekarno–Hatta International Airport in Tangerang, near Jakarta.", "Garuda Indonesia __knowledge__ As of 11 December 2014, the airline is rated as a 5-star airline by the international airline review firm Skytrax.", "Garuda Indonesia __knowledge__ The air carrier was previously known as Garuda Indonesian Airways.", "Garuda Indonesia __knowledge__ Founded in 1947 as KLM Interinsulair Bedrijf, the airline is now one of the world's leading airlines and the 20th member of the global airline alliance SkyTeam.", "Alaska Airlines __knowledge__ Alaska Airlines is an American airline headquartered in the Seattle metropolitan area of the state of Washington.", "Alaska Airlines __knowledge__ The company was founded in 1932 as McGee Airways, offering flights from Anchorage, Alaska.", "Alaska Airlines __knowledge__ Alaska Airlines has flights to more than one hundred destinations in the contiguous United States, Alaska, Hawaii, Canada, Costa Rica, Cuba and Mexico.", "Alaska Airlines __knowledge__ The airline is a major air carrier and, along with its sister airlines Horizon Air and Virgin America, is part of the Alaska Air Group.", "Alaska Airlines __knowledge__ The airline has been ranked by J. D. Power and Associates as having the highest customer satisfaction of the traditional airlines for ten consecutive years.", "History of Cubana de Aviación __knowledge__ Cubana de Aviación S.A is Cuba's largest airline and flag carrier.", "History of Cubana de Aviación __knowledge__ Cubana was established on 8 October 1929 as \"Compañía Nacional Cubana de Aviación Curtiss\", indicating its association with the Curtiss aircraft manufacturing company.", "History of Cubana de Aviación __knowledge__ It was one of the earliest airlines to emerge in Latin America.", "History of Cubana de Aviación __knowledge__ Cubana's predecessors were the \"Compañía Aérea de Cuba\", founded in 1919, and the \"Compañía Aérea Cubana\", founded in 1920 (both airlines flew out of Havana's Columbia Airport, which started operations in 1919).", "History of Cubana de Aviación __knowledge__ Those companies were dissolved soon after they started, however, due to the difficult economic conditions affecting Cuba (and many other nations) in the aftermath of World War I.", "Malaysia Airlines __knowledge__ Malaysia Airlines Berhad (MAB) (), formerly known as Malaysian Airline System Berhad (MAS) (), branded as Malaysia Airlines, is an airline operating flights from Kuala Lumpur International Airport and from secondary hubs in Kota Kinabalu and Kuching to destinations throughout Asia, Oceania and Europe.", "Malaysia Airlines __knowledge__ Malaysia Airlines is the flag carrier of Malaysia and a member of the oneworld airline alliance.", "Malaysia Airlines __knowledge__ The company's headquarters are located at Kuala Lumpur International Airport.", "Malaysia Airlines __knowledge__ In August 2014, the Malaysian government's sovereign wealth fund Khazanah Nasional—which then owned 69.37% of the airline—announced its intention to purchase remaining ownership from minority shareholders and de-list the airline from Malaysia's stock exchange, thereby renationalising the airline.", "Metroad __knowledge__ Metroads were the primary road routes serving the Sydney and Brisbane metropolitan areas from the 1990s to the 2010s.", "Metroad __knowledge__ The Metroads formed a network of radial and circumferential routes throughout the cities, simplifying navigation.", "Metroad __knowledge__ Metroads have been progressively phased out in both Sydney and Brisbane, replaced by alphanumeric route numbers.", "Metroad __knowledge__ Brisbane is the only city currently retaining the Metroad system.", "Metroad __knowledge__ Historically, National Routes passed through city centres and formed some of the main thoroughfares within Australia's largest cities.", "Metroad __knowledge__ However urban growth led to massive congestion in the inner city areas.", "Airline __knowledge__ An airline is a company that provides air transport services for traveling passengers and freight.", "Airline __knowledge__ Airlines utilize aircraft to supply these services and may form partnerships or alliances with other airlines for codeshare agreements.", "Airline __knowledge__ Generally, airline companies are recognized with an air operating certificate or license issued by a governmental aviation body.", "Airline __knowledge__ Airlines vary in size, from small domestic airlines to full-service international airlines.", "Airline __knowledge__ Airline services can be categorized as being intercontinental, domestic, regional, or international, and may be operated as scheduled services or charters.", "Continental Airlines __knowledge__ Continental Airlines was a major United States airline founded in 1934 and eventually headquartered in Houston, Texas.", "Continental Airlines __knowledge__ It had ownership interests and brand partnerships with several carriers, including Pakistan International Airlines.", "Continental Airlines __knowledge__ Continental started out as one of the smaller carriers in the United States, known for its limited operations under the regulated era.", "Continental Airlines __knowledge__ Post 1978, Continental grew into one of the country's largest carriers despite facing financial troubles and other issues, eventually becoming one of the more successful airlines in the United States.", "Continental Airlines __knowledge__ In May 2010, the airline announced that it would merge with UAL Corporation (the parent company of United Airlines) via a stock swap.", "Jefferson Airplane __knowledge__ Jefferson Airplane was a rock band based in San Francisco, California, who pioneered psychedelic rock.", "Jefferson Airplane __knowledge__ Formed in 1965, the group defined the San Francisco Sound and was the first from the Bay Area to achieve international commercial success.", "Jefferson Airplane __knowledge__ They were headliners at the three most famous American rock festivals of the 1960s—Monterey (1967), Woodstock (1969) and Altamont (1969)—and the first Isle of Wight Festival (1968) in England.", "Jefferson Airplane __knowledge__ Their 1967 break-out album \"Surrealistic Pillow\" ranks on the short list of the most significant recordings of the \"Summer of Love\".", "Jefferson Airplane __knowledge__ Two songs from that album, \"Somebody to Love\" and \"White Rabbit\", are among \"Rolling Stone's\" \"500 Greatest Songs of All Time.\"", "Paul Kantner __knowledge__ Paul Lorin Kantner (March 17, 1941 – January 28, 2016) was an American rock musician.", "Paul Kantner __knowledge__ He is best known as the co-founder, rhythm guitarist, and occasional vocalist of Jefferson Airplane, a leading psychedelic rock band of the counterculture era.", "Paul Kantner __knowledge__ He continued these roles as a member of Jefferson Starship, Jefferson Airplane's successor band.", "Paul Kantner __knowledge__ Jefferson Airplane formed in 1965 when Kantner met Marty Balin.", "Paul Kantner __knowledge__ Kantner eventually became the leader of the group and led it through its highly successful late 1960s period.", "Paul Kantner __knowledge__ In 1970, while still active with Jefferson Airplane, Kantner and several Bay Area musicians recorded a one-off side project under the name \"Paul Kantner/Jefferson Starship.\"", "Airplane! __knowledge__ Airplane!", "Airplane! __knowledge__ (alternatively titled Flying High!)", "Airplane! __knowledge__ is a 1980 American satirical parody film written and directed by David and Jerry Zucker and Jim Abrahams, and produced by Jon Davison.", "Airplane! __knowledge__ It stars Robert Hays and Julie Hagerty and features Leslie Nielsen, Robert Stack, Lloyd Bridges, Peter Graves, Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, and Lorna Patterson.", "Airplane! __knowledge__ The film is a parody of the disaster film genre, particularly the 1957 Paramount film \"Zero Hour!", "Airplane! __knowledge__ \", from which it borrows the plot and the central characters, as well as many elements from \"Airport 1975\".", "Airplane! __knowledge__ The film is known for its use of surreal humor and its fast-paced slapstick comedy, including visual and verbal puns and gags.", "Hippie __knowledge__ A hippie (sometimes spelled hippy) is a member of a counterculture, originally a youth movement that began in the United States during the mid-1960s and spread to other countries around the world.", "Hippie __knowledge__ The word \"hippie\" came from \"hipster\" and used to describe beatniks who moved into New York City's Greenwich Village and San Francisco's Haight-Ashbury district.", "Hippie __knowledge__ The term \"hippie\" first found popularity in San Francisco by Herb Caen, a journalist for the \"San Francisco Chronicle\".", "Hippie __knowledge__ The origins of the terms \"hip\" and \"hep\" are uncertain.", "Hippie __knowledge__ By the 1940s, both had become part of African American jive slang and meant \"sophisticated; currently fashionable; fully up-to-date\".", "Women in aviation __knowledge__ Women have been involved in aviation from the beginnings of both lighter-than air travel and as airplanes, helicopters and space travel were developed.", "Women in aviation __knowledge__ Women pilots were also called \"aviatrices\" (singular: \"aviatrix\").", "Women in aviation __knowledge__ Women have been flying powered aircraft since 1908, however most, prior to 1970, were restricted to working privately or in support roles in the aviation industry.", "Women in aviation __knowledge__ Aviation also allowed women to \"travel alone on unprecedented journeys.\"", "Women in aviation __knowledge__ Women who have been successful in various aviation fields have served as mentors to younger women, helping them along in their careers.", "Women in aviation __knowledge__ Within the first two decades of powered flight, women on every continent except Antarctica had begun to fly, perform in aerial shows, parachute, and even transport passengers.", "Wright brothers __knowledge__ The Wright brothers, Orville (August 19, 1871 – January 30, 1948) and Wilbur (April 16, 1867 – May 30, 1912), were two American aviators, engineers, inventors, and aviation pioneers who are generally credited with inventing, building, and flying the world's first successful airplane.", "Wright brothers __knowledge__ They made the first controlled, sustained flight of a powered, heavier-than-air aircraft on December 17, 1903, four miles south of Kitty Hawk, North Carolina.", "Wright brothers __knowledge__ In 1904–05 the brothers developed their flying machine into the first practical fixed-wing aircraft.", "Wright brothers __knowledge__ Although not the first to build experimental aircraft, the Wright brothers were the first to invent aircraft controls that made fixed-wing powered flight possible.", "Armourer __knowledge__ Historically, an armourer is a person who makes personal armour, especially plate armour.", "Armourer __knowledge__ In modern terms, an armourer is a member of a military or police force who works in an armoury and maintains and repairs small arms and weapons systems, with some duties resembling those of a civilian gunsmith.", "Armourer __knowledge__ With the renewed interest in traditional armour and weaponry, the occupation also involves working with film, stage, and historical and reenactment societies.", "Armourer __knowledge__ Period costumes may require reproduction armour, swords, and related equipment.", "Armourer __knowledge__ Armourers are the oldest trade in the British Army and trace their heritage back several centuries." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Travel __knowledge__ Travel is the movement of people between relatively distant geographical locations, and can involve travel by foot, bicycle, automobile, train, boat, bus, airplane, or other means, with or without luggage, and can be one way or round trip.", "Travel __knowledge__ Travel can also include relatively short stays between successive movements.", "Travel __knowledge__ The origin of the word \"travel\" is most likely lost to history.", "Travel __knowledge__ The term \"travel\" may originate from the Old French word \"travail\", which means 'work'.", "Travel __knowledge__ According to the Merriam Webster dictionary, the first known use of the word \"travel\" was in the 14th century.", "Travel __knowledge__ It also states that the word comes from Middle English \"travailen\", \"travelen\" (which means to torment, labor, strive, journey) and earlier from Old French \"travailler\" (which means to work strenuously, toil).", "Travel __knowledge__ In English we still occasionally use the words \"travail\", which means struggle.", "Travel __knowledge__ According to Simon Winchester in his book \"The Best Travelers' Tales (2004)\", the words \"travel\" and \"travail\" both share an even more ancient root: a Roman instrument of torture called the \"tripalium\" (in Latin it means \"three stakes\", as in to impale).", "Travel __knowledge__ This link may reflect the extreme difficulty of travel in ancient times.", "Travel __knowledge__ Today, travel may or may not be much easier depending upon the destination you choose (e.g.", "Isolation amplifier __knowledge__ Isolation amplifiers are a form of differential amplifier that allow measurement of small signals in the presence of a high common mode voltage by providing electrical isolation and an electrical safety barrier.", "Isolation amplifier __knowledge__ They protect data acquisition components from common mode voltages, which are potential differences between instrument ground and signal ground.", "Isolation amplifier __knowledge__ Instruments that are applied in the presence of a common mode voltage without an isolation barrier allow ground currents to circulate, leading in the best case to a noisy representation of the signal under investigation.", "Isolation amplifier __knowledge__ In the worst case, assuming that the magnitude of common mode voltage or current is sufficient, instrument destruction is likely.", "Half-mast __knowledge__ Half-mast or half-staff refers to a flag flying below the summit on a pole.", "Half-mast __knowledge__ In many countries this is seen as a symbol of respect, mourning, distress, or in some cases, a salute.", "Half-mast __knowledge__ Strictly speaking, flags are said to be half-mast if flown from ships, and half-staff if on land, although not all regional variations of English use \"half-staff\".", "Half-mast __knowledge__ The tradition of flying the flag at half-mast began in the 17th century.", "Half-mast __knowledge__ According to some sources, the flag is lowered to make room for an \"invisible flag of death\" flying above.", "Half-mast __knowledge__ However, there is disagreement about where on a flagpole a flag should be when it is at half-staff.", "Differential amplifier __knowledge__ A differential amplifier is a type of electronic amplifier that amplifies the difference between two input voltages but suppresses any voltage common to the two inputs.", "Differential amplifier __knowledge__ It is an analog circuit with two inputs formula_1 and formula_2 and one output formula_3 in which the output is ideally proportional to the difference between the two voltages where formula_5 is the gain of the amplifier.", "Differential amplifier __knowledge__ Many electronic devices use differential amplifiers internally.", "Differential amplifier __knowledge__ The output of an ideal differential amplifier is given by: Where formula_7 and formula_8 are the input voltages and formula_9 is the differential gain.", "Common-mode signal __knowledge__ Common-mode signal is the component of an analog signal which is present with one sign on all considered conductors.", "Common-mode signal __knowledge__ In telecommunication, common-mode signal on a transmission line is known as longitudinal voltage.", "Common-mode signal __knowledge__ In electronics where the signal is transferred by differential voltage, the common-mode signal is a half-sum of voltages When referenced to the local common or ground, a common-mode signal appears on both lines of a two-wire cable, in-phase and with equal amplitudes.", "Common-mode signal __knowledge__ Technically, a common-mode voltage is one-half the vector sum of the voltages from each conductor of a balanced circuit to local ground or common.", "Ground noise __knowledge__ In electronics, ground noise is electronic noise on the ground wires or busses of an electronic circuit.", "Ground noise __knowledge__ In audio, radio, and digital equipment it represents an undesirable condition since the noise can get into the signal path of the device, appearing as interference in the output.", "Ground noise __knowledge__ Like other types of electronic noise it can manifest in audio equipment as a hum, hiss, distortion or other unwanted sound in the speakers, in analog video equipment as \"snow\" on the screen, and in digital circuits and control systems as erratic or faulty operation or computer \"crashes\".", "Ground noise __knowledge__ A major source of ground noise is ground loops created by improper interconnection of audio, video or computer components.", "Low-voltage differential signaling __knowledge__ Low-voltage differential signaling, or LVDS, also known as TIA/EIA-644, is a technical standard that specifies electrical characteristics of a differential, serial communications protocol.", "Low-voltage differential signaling __knowledge__ LVDS operates at low power and can run at very high speeds using inexpensive twisted-pair copper cables.", "Low-voltage differential signaling __knowledge__ Since LVDS is a physical layer specification only, many data communication standards and applications use it but then add a data link layer as defined in the OSI model on top of it.", "Low-voltage differential signaling __knowledge__ LVDS was introduced in 1994, and has become popular in products such as LCD-TVs, automotive infotainment systems, industrial cameras and machine vision, notebook and tablet computers, and communications systems.", "CAN bus __knowledge__ A Controller Area Network (CAN bus) is a robust vehicle bus standard designed to allow microcontrollers and devices to communicate with each other in applications without a host computer.", "CAN bus __knowledge__ It is a message-based protocol, designed originally for multiplex electrical wiring within automobiles to save on copper, but is also used in many other contexts.", "CAN bus __knowledge__ Development of the CAN bus started in 1983 at Robert Bosch GmbH.", "CAN bus __knowledge__ The protocol was officially released in 1986 at the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) conference in Detroit, Michigan.", "CAN bus __knowledge__ The first CAN controller chips, produced by Intel and Philips, came on the market in 1987.", "Alaska Airlines __knowledge__ Alaska Airlines is an American airline headquartered in the Seattle metropolitan area of the state of Washington.", "Alaska Airlines __knowledge__ The company was founded in 1932 as McGee Airways, offering flights from Anchorage, Alaska.", "Alaska Airlines __knowledge__ Alaska Airlines has flights to more than one hundred destinations in the contiguous United States, Alaska, Hawaii, Canada, Costa Rica, Cuba and Mexico.", "Alaska Airlines __knowledge__ The airline is a major air carrier and, along with its sister airlines Horizon Air and Virgin America, is part of the Alaska Air Group.", "Alaska Airlines __knowledge__ The airline has been ranked by J. D. Power and Associates as having the highest customer satisfaction of the traditional airlines for ten consecutive years.", "Alaska Airlines Flight 261 __knowledge__ Alaska Airlines Flight 261 was a scheduled international passenger flight on January 31, 2000 from Lic.", "Alaska Airlines Flight 261 __knowledge__ Gustavo Díaz Ordaz International Airport in Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco, Mexico, to Seattle-Tacoma International Airport in Seattle, Washington, United States, with an intermediate stop at San Francisco International Airport in San Francisco, California.", "Alaska Airlines Flight 261 __knowledge__ The aircraft, a McDonnell Douglas MD-83, crashed into the Pacific Ocean about north of Anacapa Island, California, after suffering a catastrophic loss of pitch control.", "Alaska Airlines Flight 261 __knowledge__ The crash killed everyone aboard: two pilots, three cabin crew members, and 83passengers.", "Virgin America __knowledge__ Virgin America Inc. was an American airline founded in 2004, began operations in 2007.", "Virgin America __knowledge__ It is currently a brand name operated by Alaska Airlines and flown by former Virgin America crew and aircraft.", "Virgin America __knowledge__ The airline originally had problems upon start up due to questions about foreign ownership and control, which is limited by American law.", "Virgin America __knowledge__ Originally headquartered in Burlingame, California in the San Francisco Bay Area, with San Francisco International Airport as its main hub, Virgin America is a brand that was licensed from the United Kingdom Virgin Group.", "Virgin America __knowledge__ The airline flew between major metropolitan cities on the United States Eastern and West Coast seaboards, mainly San Francisco and Los Angeles.", "Alaska Air Group __knowledge__ Alaska Air Group Inc. is an airline holding company based in SeaTac, Washington.", "Alaska Air Group __knowledge__ It owns three certificated airlines operating in the United States: Alaska Airlines, Horizon Air and Virgin America.", "Alaska Air Group __knowledge__ The Alaska Air Group also oversees an aircraft ground handling company, McGee Air Services, which is wholly owned by Alaska Airlines.", "Alaska Air Group __knowledge__ It was formed in 1985 and acquired Horizon Air and Jet America Airlines the next year.", "Alaska Air Group __knowledge__ Jet America Airlines was merged into Alaska Airlines in 1987.", "Alaska Air Group __knowledge__ Between 2007 and 2010, the number of employees under Alaska Air Group's subsidiaries dropped from 13,618 (10,142 at Alaska Airlines and 3,476 at Horizon Air) to 12,039 (9,013 at Alaska Airlines and 3,202 at Horizon Air).", "Mileage Plan __knowledge__ Mileage Plan is a loyalty program, and the frequent-flyer program, of United States based airline Alaska Airlines.", "Mileage Plan __knowledge__ Members can accrue program miles from flying Alaska Airlines and partner operated flights, using co-branded credit cards, and booking vacation and hotel packages, among other methods.", "Mileage Plan __knowledge__ Mileage Plan miles can be redeemed for award flights on Alaska Airlines and partner carriers and provide eligibility for elite status with Mileage Plan.", "Mileage Plan __knowledge__ In 1981, American Airlines began AAdvantage, a customer loyalty scheme popularly known as frequent flyer programs.", "Mileage Plan __knowledge__ Soon afterwards, other large airlines in the United States launched similar programs.", "San Jose International Airport __knowledge__ Norman Y. Mineta San José International Airport is a city-owned public airport in San José, California, United States.", "San Jose International Airport __knowledge__ It is named after San José native Norman Mineta, former Transportation Secretary in the Cabinet of George W. Bush and Commerce Secretary in the Cabinet of Bill Clinton.", "San Jose International Airport __knowledge__ The name also recognizes Mineta's service as a councilman for, and mayor of, San José.", "San Jose International Airport __knowledge__ It is a U.S. Customs and Border Protection international port of entry.", "San Jose International Airport __knowledge__ It is situated three miles northwest of Downtown San José near the intersections of U.S. Route 101, Interstate 880, and State Route 87.", "San Jose International Airport __knowledge__ In 2017, 49% of departing or arriving passengers at SJC flew on Southwest Airlines; Alaska Airlines, for which SJC is also a focus city, was second most popular with about 12.3% of passengers.", "Horizon Air __knowledge__ Horizon Air Industries, Inc., operating as Horizon Air, is a regional airline based in SeaTac, Washington, United States.", "Horizon Air __knowledge__ Horizon Air and its sister carrier Alaska Airlines are subsidiaries of Alaska Air Group and all Horizon-operated scheduled flights are marketed and sold by Alaska Airlines.", "Horizon Air __knowledge__ Planes operated by Horizon are co-branded as in recognition of the Horizon brand and to differentiate aircraft from those operated by Alaska's other regional airline partner, SkyWest Airlines.", "Horizon Air __knowledge__ Horizon Air was once the eighth largest regional airline in the USA, serving 42 cities in the United States and Canada." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Travel __knowledge__ Travel is the movement of people between relatively distant geographical locations, and can involve travel by foot, bicycle, automobile, train, boat, bus, airplane, or other means, with or without luggage, and can be one way or round trip.", "Travel __knowledge__ Travel can also include relatively short stays between successive movements.", "Travel __knowledge__ The origin of the word \"travel\" is most likely lost to history.", "Travel __knowledge__ The term \"travel\" may originate from the Old French word \"travail\", which means 'work'.", "Travel __knowledge__ According to the Merriam Webster dictionary, the first known use of the word \"travel\" was in the 14th century.", "Travel __knowledge__ It also states that the word comes from Middle English \"travailen\", \"travelen\" (which means to torment, labor, strive, journey) and earlier from Old French \"travailler\" (which means to work strenuously, toil).", "Travel __knowledge__ In English we still occasionally use the words \"travail\", which means struggle.", "Travel __knowledge__ According to Simon Winchester in his book \"The Best Travelers' Tales (2004)\", the words \"travel\" and \"travail\" both share an even more ancient root: a Roman instrument of torture called the \"tripalium\" (in Latin it means \"three stakes\", as in to impale).", "Travel __knowledge__ This link may reflect the extreme difficulty of travel in ancient times.", "Travel __knowledge__ Today, travel may or may not be much easier depending upon the destination you choose (e.g.", "RAGBRAI __knowledge__ RAGBRAI is an acronym and registered trademark for the Register's Annual Great Bicycle Ride Across Iowa, which is a non-competitive bicycle ride organized by \"The Des Moines Register\" and going from west to east across the U.S. state of Iowa, that draws recreational riders from across the United States and many foreign countries.", "RAGBRAI __knowledge__ First held in 1973, RAGBRAI is the largest bike-touring event in the world.", "RAGBRAI __knowledge__ Riders begin at a community on Iowa's western border and ride to a community on the eastern border, stopping in towns across the state.", "RAGBRAI __knowledge__ The ride is one week (seven days) long, ending on the last Saturday of July each year, after beginning on the previous Sunday.", "Welsh Highland Railway restoration __knowledge__ The restoration of the Welsh Highland Railway has a colourful and complex history.", "Welsh Highland Railway restoration __knowledge__ This article provides the modern history: The \"Welsh Highland Railway\" (WHR) was a poorly funded job creation scheme, conceived in the early 1920s, to complete the construction of a 22-mile narrow gauge railway route from Dinas, three miles from Carnarvon (now Caernarfon) to Portmadoc (now Porthmadog).", "Welsh Highland Railway restoration __knowledge__ An earlier scheme to achieve this - the \"Portmadoc Beddgelert and South Snowdon Railway\" (PB&SSR) had been abandoned in 1905/6 after it ran out of money.", "Welsh Highland Railway restoration __knowledge__ The \"Welsh Highland Railway (Light Railway)\" Company (WHLR) was created in 1922, by a Light Railway Order(LRO), under the Light Railways Act 1896 and construction began that year.", "Bicycle Ride Across Georgia __knowledge__ The Bicycle Ride Across Georgia (BRAG) is an annual road-cycling tour across the US state of Georgia.", "Bicycle Ride Across Georgia __knowledge__ It began in 1980 as an offshoot of RAGBRAI.", "Bicycle Ride Across Georgia __knowledge__ Between 1,000 and 2,000 riders participate in this great ride every year.", "Bicycle Ride Across Georgia __knowledge__ The route covers approximately 400 miles over 7 days with options for longer distances.", "Bicycle Ride Across Georgia __knowledge__ Mid-week, the tour stays two nights in one town allowing riders to either rest or ride a century with lesser mile options.", "Bicycle Ride Across Georgia __knowledge__ Rest stops are every 8–15 miles and snacks and drinks are provided to registered riders.", "Bicycle Ride Across Georgia __knowledge__ BRAG was originally called Georgia’s Annual State Bicycling Event (GASBE) when it first began in 1980.", "Tombstone Junction __knowledge__ Tombstone Junction was a small, western town themed park located on Kentucky Route 90 in McCreary County, Kentucky near the Cumberland Falls State Resort Park.", "Tombstone Junction __knowledge__ It began operating in the 1960s, and continued uninterrupted until the park was heavily damaged by fire in 1989.", "Tombstone Junction __knowledge__ The park continued with limited operation until it was completely destroyed by a second fire in 1991.", "Tombstone Junction __knowledge__ The park featured a recreation of a small, western frontier town complete with train station, working saloon, dance hall, jailhouse, shanties, and shops.", "Tombstone Junction __knowledge__ There was also an outdoor amphitheater which hosted live shows featuring country and western music of the period.", "Kyle Petty Charity Ride Across America __knowledge__ The Kyle Petty Charity Ride Across America is an annual, cross-country motorcycle ride that travels to raise awareness and funds for Victory Junction, a camp created to enrich the lives of children with chronic or life-threatening medical illnesses.", "Kyle Petty Charity Ride Across America __knowledge__ One of the most successful and popular charity events in the country, the Ride engages celebrities, sponsors, motorcycle enthusiasts, fans and local communities.", "Kyle Petty Charity Ride Across America __knowledge__ The Ride was founded in 1995 by NASCAR driver Kyle Petty.", "Kyle Petty Charity Ride Across America __knowledge__ The Kyle Petty Charity Ride Across America is a week-long motorcycle trek through various cities nationwide.", "Kyle Petty Charity Ride Across America __knowledge__ Since the Ride began in 1995, more than 7,950 riders have logged 11.6 million cumulative motorcycle miles and raised $17.5 million for Victory Junction and other children’s charities.", "First inauguration of Barack Obama __knowledge__ The first inauguration of Barack Obama as the 44th President of the United States took place on Tuesday, January 20, 2009.", "First inauguration of Barack Obama __knowledge__ The inauguration, which set a record attendance for any event held in Washington, D.C., marked the commencement of the first four-year term of Barack Obama as President and Joe Biden as Vice President.", "First inauguration of Barack Obama __knowledge__ Based on the combined attendance numbers, television viewership, and Internet traffic, it was among the most-observed events ever by the global audience.", "First inauguration of Barack Obama __knowledge__ \"A New Birth of Freedom\", a phrase from the Gettysburg Address, served as the inaugural theme to commemorate the 200th anniversary of the birth year of Abraham Lincoln.", "Beverly Gray __knowledge__ The Beverly Gray Mystery Stories, comprising 26 novels published between 1934 and 1955, were written by Clair Blank, pen name of Clarissa Mabel Blank Moyer.", "Beverly Gray __knowledge__ The series began as a series of school stories, and followed Beverly's progress through college, her various romances, and a career as a reporter before becoming strictly a mystery series.", "Beverly Gray __knowledge__ Beverly is portrayed as an extraordinarily determined individual, with \"a driving ambition in her heart that would not let her idle her life away.\"", "Beverly Gray __knowledge__ Across 26 books, she leads \"such a life of adventure as would tax the resources of any soap opera heroine\".", "Energy efficiency in transport __knowledge__ The energy efficiency in transport, is the useful travelled distance, of passengers, goods or any type of load; divided by the total energy put into the transport propulsion means.", "Energy efficiency in transport __knowledge__ The energy input might be rendered in several different types depending on the type of propulsion, and normally such energy is presented in liquid fuels, electrical energy or food-energy.", "Energy efficiency in transport __knowledge__ The energy efficiency is also occasionally known as energy intensity.", "Energy efficiency in transport __knowledge__ The inverse of the energy efficiency in transport, is the energy consumption in transport.", "Energy efficiency in transport __knowledge__ Energy efficiency in transport is often, and confusingly, described in terms of fuel consumption, fuel consumption being the reciprocal of fuel economy.", "Franklin (automobile) __knowledge__ The Franklin Automobile Company was an American manufacturer of automobiles in the United States between 1902 and 1934 in Syracuse, New York.", "Franklin (automobile) __knowledge__ Herbert H. Franklin founded the H. H. Franklin Manufacturing Company in 1893 and, in 1901, teamed up with engineer John Wilkinson to develop an air-cooled engine.", "Franklin (automobile) __knowledge__ In 1902, the Franklin automobile was introduced.", "Franklin (automobile) __knowledge__ Because he was the primary investor, Franklin assumed control of the company, and named the auto manufacturing division Franklin Automobile Company.", "Franklin (automobile) __knowledge__ As president, he managed the company finances and business administration.", "Franklin (automobile) __knowledge__ Wilkinson was named chief engineer and granted control of the engineering and manufacturing operation.", "How to Train Your Dragon __knowledge__ How to Train Your Dragon is a series of twelve children's books written by British author Cressida Cowell.", "How to Train Your Dragon __knowledge__ The books are set in a fictional Viking world and focus on the experiences of protagonist Hiccup as he overcomes great obstacles on his journey of Becoming a Hero the Hard Way.", "How to Train Your Dragon __knowledge__ The books were published by Hodder Children's Books in the UK and by Little, Brown and Company in the US.", "How to Train Your Dragon __knowledge__ The first book was published in 2003 and the last one in 2015.", "How to Train Your Dragon __knowledge__ As of 2015, the series has sold more than seven million copies around the world.", "How to Train Your Dragon __knowledge__ The books have subsequently been made into a franchise consisting of two feature films of the same name, several short stories and a animated television series produced by DreamWorks Animation.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Ek Tha Chandar Ek Thi Sudha (Hindi: एक था चन्दर एक थी सुधा English: One was Chander one was Sudha) is an Indian biopic television series, which premiered on 21 September 2015 and is broadcast on Life OK.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is produced by Garima Productions of Ashwni Dhir.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series airs on every Monday to Friday nights.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is a tragic love story and is a 20-episode series.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story of the series is based on Dharamvir Bharati’s iconic novel, \"Gunahon Ka Devta\".", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Rahil Azam and Umang Jain will play the male and female lead roles respectively.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story starts with an illustration that it is a story about love near Allahabad.", "Henry Ford __knowledge__ Henry Ford (July 30, 1863 – April 7, 1947) was an American captain of industry and a business magnate, the founder of the Ford Motor Company, and the sponsor of the development of the assembly line technique of mass production.", "Henry Ford __knowledge__ Although Ford did not invent the automobile or the assembly line, he developed and manufactured the first automobile that many middle-class Americans could afford.", "Henry Ford __knowledge__ In doing so, Ford converted the automobile from an expensive curiosity into a practical conveyance that would profoundly impact the landscape of the 20th century.", "Henry Ford __knowledge__ His introduction of the Model T automobile revolutionized transportation and American industry.", "Transportation in South Florida __knowledge__ The Greater Miami area, composed of the three counties of Miami-Dade, Broward, and Palm Beach, also known collectively as South Florida, is home to a wide variety of public and private transportation systems.", "Transportation in South Florida __knowledge__ These include heavy rail mass transit (Metrorail), commuter rail (Tri-Rail), automated guideway transit (Metromover), highways, two major airports (Miami International Airport (MIA) and Fort Lauderdale – Hollywood International Airport (FLL)) and seaports (Port of Miami and Port Everglades), as well as three county-wide bus networks (Miami-Dade Metrobus, Broward County Transit (BCT), and Palm Tran), which cover the entire urbanized area of South Florida.", "History of rail transport in the United States __knowledge__ Wooden railroads, called wagonways, were built in the United States starting from the 1720s.", "History of rail transport in the United States __knowledge__ A railroad was reportedly used in the construction of the French fortress at Louisburg, Nova Scotia, in 1720.", "History of rail transport in the United States __knowledge__ Between 1762 and 1764, at the close of the French and Indian War, a gravity railroad (mechanized tramway) (Montresor's Tramway) is built by British military engineers up the steep riverside terrain near the Niagara River waterfall's escarpment at the Niagara Portage (which the local Senecas called \"\"Crawl on All Fours.\"\")", "History of rail transport in the United States __knowledge__ in Lewiston, New York.", "History of rail transport in the United States __knowledge__ Railroads played a large role in the development of the United States from the industrial revolution in the North-east (1810–1850) to the settlement of the West (1850–1890)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Travel __knowledge__ Travel is the movement of people between relatively distant geographical locations, and can involve travel by foot, bicycle, automobile, train, boat, bus, airplane, or other means, with or without luggage, and can be one way or round trip.", "Travel __knowledge__ Travel can also include relatively short stays between successive movements.", "Travel __knowledge__ The origin of the word \"travel\" is most likely lost to history.", "Travel __knowledge__ The term \"travel\" may originate from the Old French word \"travail\", which means 'work'.", "Travel __knowledge__ According to the Merriam Webster dictionary, the first known use of the word \"travel\" was in the 14th century.", "Travel __knowledge__ It also states that the word comes from Middle English \"travailen\", \"travelen\" (which means to torment, labor, strive, journey) and earlier from Old French \"travailler\" (which means to work strenuously, toil).", "Travel __knowledge__ In English we still occasionally use the words \"travail\", which means struggle.", "Travel __knowledge__ According to Simon Winchester in his book \"The Best Travelers' Tales (2004)\", the words \"travel\" and \"travail\" both share an even more ancient root: a Roman instrument of torture called the \"tripalium\" (in Latin it means \"three stakes\", as in to impale).", "Travel __knowledge__ This link may reflect the extreme difficulty of travel in ancient times.", "Travel __knowledge__ Today, travel may or may not be much easier depending upon the destination you choose (e.g.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Nawaz Sharif __knowledge__ Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif (Urdu/, born 25 December 1949) is a Pakistani businessman and politician who served as the Prime Minister of Pakistan from 2013 until he was disqualified for life from office by the Supreme Court of Pakistan in 2017.", "Nawaz Sharif __knowledge__ He had previously served as the Prime Minister twice in the 90s (1990–93 and 1997–99) and the Chief Minister of Punjab from 1985 to 1990.", "Nawaz Sharif __knowledge__ He is Pakistan's longest-serving prime minister.", "Nawaz Sharif __knowledge__ Born into the upper-middle class Sharif family in Lahore, he is the son of Ittefaq and Sharif Group founder, Muhammad Sharif, and the elder-brother of three-time elected Punjab Chief Minister, Shehbaz.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Yes Minister is a Political satire British sitcom written by Antony Jay and Jonathan Lynn that was first transmitted on BBC Two from 1980 to 1984, split over three seven-episode series.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ The sequel, Yes, Prime Minister, ran from 1986 to 1988.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ In total there were 38 episodes, of which all but one lasted half an hour.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Almost all episodes ended with a variation of the title of the series spoken as the answer to a question posed by Hacker.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Several episodes were adapted for BBC Radio, and a stage play was produced in 2010, the latter leading to a new television series on UKTV Gold in 2013.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Set principally in the private office of a British Cabinet minister in the fictional Department of Administrative Affairs in Whitehall, \"Yes Minister\" follows the ministerial career of the Rt Hon Jim Hacker MP, played by Paul Eddington.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ A referendum on Scottish independence from the United Kingdom took place on 18 September 2014.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The referendum question, which voters answered with \"Yes\" or \"No\", was \"Should Scotland be an independent country?\"", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The \"No\" side won, with 2,001,926 (55.3%) voting against independence and 1,617,989 (44.7%) voting in favour.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The turnout of 84.6% was the highest recorded for an election or referendum in the United Kingdom since the introduction of universal suffrage.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The Scottish Independence Referendum Act 2013, setting out the arrangements for the referendum, was passed by the Scottish Parliament in November 2013, following an agreement between the Scottish Government and the United Kingdom government.", "United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, 2011 __knowledge__ The United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, also known as the UK-wide referendum on the Parliamentary voting system was held on Thursday 5 May 2011 (the same date as local elections in many areas) in the United Kingdom (UK) to choose the method of electing MPs at subsequent general elections as part of the Conservative – Liberal Democrat Coalition Agreement drawn up after the 2010 general election which had resulted in the first hung parliament since February 1974 and also indirectly in the aftermath of the 2009 expenses scandal under the provisions of the Parliamentary Voting System and Constituencies Act 2011 and was the first national referendum to be held under provisions laid out in the Political Parties, Elections and Referendums Act 2000.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Yes and no, or word pairs with a similar usage , are expressions of the affirmative and the negative, respectively, in several languages including English.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages make distinction between answers to affirmative versus negative questions, thus may have triplet or quadruplets of words instead.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ English originally used a four-form system up to and including Early Middle English but Modern English has reduced this to a two-form system consisting of just 'yes' and 'no'.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ It exists in eye blink communication, Morse Code, sign language, and maybe in color coded flag communication.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages do not answer yes–no questions with single words meaning 'yes' or 'no'.", "YES Network __knowledge__ The Yankees Entertainment and Sports Network (YES) is an American cable and satellite television regional sports network that is owned by 21st Century Fox (which owns a controlling 80% interest and serves as managing partner) and Yankee Global Enterprises (which owns the remaining 20%).", "YES Network __knowledge__ Primarily serving New York City, New York and the surrounding metropolitan area, it broadcasts a variety of sports events, as well as magazine, documentary and discussion programs; however, its main emphasis is focused on games and team-related programs involving the New York Yankees of Major League Baseball (owned by minority partner Yankee Global), the NBA's Brooklyn Nets and New York City FC of Major League Soccer.", "List of travelers __knowledge__ This is a list of notable travelers, consisting of people that are known for their travels or explorations.", "List of travelers __knowledge__ Travel is the movement of people between relatively distant geographical locations, and can involve travel by foot, bicycle, automobile, train, boat, airplane, or other means, and can be one way or round trip.", "List of travelers __knowledge__ Travel can also include relatively short stays between successive movements.", "Visa policy of the Schengen Area __knowledge__ The visa policy of the Schengen Area is set by the European Union and applies to the Schengen Area and to other EU member states without the opt-outs enjoyed by Ireland and the UK.", "Visa policy of the Schengen Area __knowledge__ If someone other than a European Union, European Economic Area (EEA) or Swiss citizen wishes to enter the Schengen Area, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus or Romania they must have a visa or be a national of a visa-exempt country.", "Visa policy of the Schengen Area __knowledge__ The Schengen Area consists of 22 European Union member states and four non-members who are members of EFTA: Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland.", "Visa policy of the Schengen Area __knowledge__ Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus and Romania are not yet part of the Schengen Area but, nonetheless, have a visa policy that is based on the Schengen \"acquis\".", "Travel visa __knowledge__ A visa (from the Latin \"charta visa\", meaning \"paper which has been seen\") is a conditional authorization granted by a country to a foreigner, allowing them to enter, remain within, or to leave that country.", "Travel visa __knowledge__ Visas typically include limits on the duration of the foreigner's stay, territory within the country they may enter, the dates they may enter, the number of permitted visits or an individual's right to work in the country in question.", "Travel visa __knowledge__ Visas are associated with the request for permission to enter a country and thus are, in some countries, distinct from actual formal permission for an alien to enter and remain in the country.", "France __knowledge__ France (), officially the French Republic (, ), is a country whose territory consists of metropolitan France in western Europe, as well as several overseas regions and territories.", "France __knowledge__ The metropolitan area of France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean.", "France __knowledge__ The overseas territories include French Guiana in South America and several islands in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans.", "France __knowledge__ The country's 18 integral regions (five of which are situated overseas) span a combined area of which, as of October 2017, has a population of 67.15 million people.", "History of corsets __knowledge__ The corset has been an important article of clothing for several centuries in Europe, evolving as fashion trends have changed.", "History of corsets __knowledge__ Women, as well as some men, have used it to change the appearance of their bodies.", "History of corsets __knowledge__ The corset first became popular in sixteenth-century Europe, reaching the zenith of its popularity in the Victorian era.", "History of corsets __knowledge__ While the corset has typically been worn as an undergarment, it has occasionally been used as an outer-garment; corsets as outer-garments can be seen in the national dress of many European countries.", "History of corsets __knowledge__ The word corset is derived from the Old French word corps and the diminutive of body, which itself derives from corpus—Latin for body.", "1795–1820 in Western fashion __knowledge__ Fashion in the period 1795–1820 in European and European-influenced countries saw the final triumph of undress or informal styles over the brocades, lace, periwigs and powder of the earlier 18th century.", "1795–1820 in Western fashion __knowledge__ In the aftermath of the French Revolution, no one wanted to appear to be a member of the French aristocracy, and people began using clothing more as a form of individual expression of the true self than as a pure indication of social status.", "1795–1820 in Western fashion __knowledge__ As a result, the shifts that occurred in fashion at the turn of the 19th century granted the opportunity to present new public identities that also provided insights into their private selves." ] ]

[ 1, 16, 1, 2, 4 ]

[ "I love to travel by airplane.", "I love Alaska Airlines.", "I am not sure but it most likely is train, boat or automobile.", "You can also travel short stays between successive movements.", "The term travel orginated from the Old French word travail, which means work." ]

[ "Travel", "Travel", "Travel", "Travel", "Travel" ]

[ "Giant panda\nMy favorite animal is the Giant Panda.", "That is strange, I wonder how much bamboo it takes to fill thier bellies up?", "It must be because a female panda can weight up to 220 pounds?", "They are also known as \"panda bears\" or simply \"pandas.\"" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The giant panda (\"Ailuropoda melanoleuca\", \"black and white cat-foot\"; , \"big bear cat\"), also known as panda bear or simply panda, is a bear native to south central China.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ It is easily recognized by the large, distinctive black patches around its eyes, over the ears, and across its round body.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The name \"giant panda\" is sometimes used to distinguish it from the unrelated red panda.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ Though it belongs to the order Carnivora, the giant panda's diet is over 99% bamboo.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ Giant pandas in the wild will occasionally eat other grasses, wild tubers, or even meat in the form of birds, rodents, or carrion.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ In captivity, they may receive honey, eggs, fish, yams, shrub leaves, oranges, or bananas along with specially prepared food.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The giant panda lives in a few mountain ranges in central China, mainly in Sichuan, but also in neighbouring Shaanxi and Gansu.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ As a result of farming, deforestation, and other development, the giant panda has been driven out of the lowland areas where it once lived.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The giant panda is a conservation reliant vulnerable species.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ A 2007 report showed 239 pandas living in captivity inside China and another 27 outside the country.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ As of December 2014, 49 giant pandas lived in captivity outside China, living in 18 zoos in 13 different countries.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the DreamWorks animated film media franchise \"Kung Fu Panda\", with their shorts and specials \"Secrets of the Furious Five\", \"Kung Fu Panda Holiday\", \"\", and \"\", as well as the video games and TV show \"\".", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The world of \"Kung Fu Panda\" is a fantasized version of ancient China as typically depicted in the wuxia film genre populated by anthropomorphized Asian animals where the martial arts can have magical qualities on top of extraordinary physical prowess for those sufficiently skilled.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ Master Po Ping (Chinese for \"Precious Peace\"), born Lotus Shan, is the titular protagonist of the \"Kung Fu Panda\" franchise.", "Red panda __knowledge__ The red panda (\"Ailurus fulgens\"), also called the lesser panda, the red bear-cat, and the red cat-bear, is a mammal native to the eastern Himalayas and southwestern China.", "Red panda __knowledge__ It has reddish-brown fur, a long, shaggy tail, and a waddling gait due to its shorter front legs; it is roughly the size of a domestic cat, though with a longer body and somewhat heavier.", "Red panda __knowledge__ It is arboreal, feeds mainly on bamboo, but also eats eggs, birds, and insects.", "Red panda __knowledge__ It is a solitary animal, mainly active from dusk to dawn, and is largely sedentary during the day.", "Red panda __knowledge__ The red panda has been classified as Endangered by the IUCN because its wild population is estimated at less than 10,000 mature individuals and continues to decline due to habitat loss and fragmentation, poaching, and inbreeding depression, although red pandas are protected by national laws in their range countries.", "Wildlife of China __knowledge__ China's vast and diverse landscape is home to a profound variety and abundance of wildlife.", "Wildlife of China __knowledge__ As of one of 17 megadiverse countries in the world, China has, according to one measure, some 7,516 species of vertebrates including 4,936 fish, 1,269 bird, 562 mammal, 403 reptile and 346 amphibian species.", "Wildlife of China __knowledge__ In terms of the number of species, China ranks third in the world in mammals, eighth in birds, seventh in reptiles and seventh in amphibians.", "Wildlife of China __knowledge__ In each category, China is the most biodiverse country outside of the tropics.", "Wildlife of China __knowledge__ Many species of animals are endemic to China, including the country's most famous wildlife species, the giant panda.", "National Zoological Park (United States) __knowledge__ The National Zoological Park, commonly known as the National Zoo, is one of the oldest zoos in the United States.", "National Zoological Park (United States) __knowledge__ It is part of the Smithsonian Institution and does not charge for admission.", "National Zoological Park (United States) __knowledge__ Founded in 1889, its mission is to \"provide engaging experiences with animals and create and share knowledge to save wildlife and habitats\".", "National Zoological Park (United States) __knowledge__ The National Zoo has two campuses.", "National Zoological Park (United States) __knowledge__ The first is a urban park located at Rock Creek Park in Northwest Washington, D.C., 20 minutes from the National Mall by MetroRail.", "National Zoological Park (United States) __knowledge__ The other campus is the Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute (SCBI; formerly known as the Conservation and Research Center) in Front Royal, Virginia.", "Chengdu __knowledge__ Chengdu (), formerly romanized as Chengtu, is a sub-provincial city which serves as the capital of China's Sichuan province.", "Chengdu __knowledge__ It is one of the three most populous cities in Western China (the other two are Chongqing and Xi'an).", "Chengdu __knowledge__ , the administrative area houses 14,427,500 inhabitants, with an urban population of 10,152,632.", "Chengdu __knowledge__ At the time of the 2010 census, Chengdu was the 5th-most populous agglomeration in China, with 10,484,996 inhabitants in the built-up area including Xinjin County and Deyang's Guanghan City.", "Chengdu __knowledge__ The surrounding Chengdu Plain is also known as the \"Country of Heaven\" () and the \"Land of Abundance\".", "Bao Bao __knowledge__ Bao Bao (, meaning \"treasure\"; colloquially meaning \"baby\") is a female giant panda cub who was born at the National Zoo in Washington D.C.She was at the Zoo until February 2017, when she traveled to the China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda in Sichuan Province.", "Bao Bao __knowledge__ Bao Bao was born on August 23, 2013, at the National Zoo in Washington D.C.", "Bao Bao __knowledge__ The cub of Mei Xiang and Tian Tian, Bao Bao is a result of artificial insemination of Mei Xiang on March 23, 2013.", "Bao Bao __knowledge__ Giant pandas are listed as vulnerable species, and are protected in part by conservation efforts at reservations and in zoos such as the Smithsonian National Zoo in Washington D.C. Bao Bao is one of only several hundred giant pandas alive today in captivity, among fewer than 2,000 giant pandas in the world, and one the first surviving panda cub born at the National Zoo since Tai Shan in 2005." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The giant panda (\"Ailuropoda melanoleuca\", \"black and white cat-foot\"; , \"big bear cat\"), also known as panda bear or simply panda, is a bear native to south central China.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ It is easily recognized by the large, distinctive black patches around its eyes, over the ears, and across its round body.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The name \"giant panda\" is sometimes used to distinguish it from the unrelated red panda.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ Though it belongs to the order Carnivora, the giant panda's diet is over 99% bamboo.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ Giant pandas in the wild will occasionally eat other grasses, wild tubers, or even meat in the form of birds, rodents, or carrion.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ In captivity, they may receive honey, eggs, fish, yams, shrub leaves, oranges, or bananas along with specially prepared food.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The giant panda lives in a few mountain ranges in central China, mainly in Sichuan, but also in neighbouring Shaanxi and Gansu.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ As a result of farming, deforestation, and other development, the giant panda has been driven out of the lowland areas where it once lived.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The giant panda is a conservation reliant vulnerable species.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ A 2007 report showed 239 pandas living in captivity inside China and another 27 outside the country.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ As of December 2014, 49 giant pandas lived in captivity outside China, living in 18 zoos in 13 different countries.", "Château de Beauregard, Loire Valley __knowledge__ The Château de Beauregard is a Renaissance castle in the Loire Valley in France.", "Château de Beauregard, Loire Valley __knowledge__ It is located on the territory of the commune of Cellettes, a little south of the city of Blois and a few miles from other famous Loire châteaux such as Cheverny.", "Château de Beauregard, Loire Valley __knowledge__ Although still inhabited, it can be visited by tourists.", "Château de Beauregard, Loire Valley __knowledge__ The castle is renowned for its Gallery of portraits decorated in the 17th century with 327 portraits of famous people.", "Château de Beauregard, Loire Valley __knowledge__ Most of the castle was built around 1545, when it was bought by Jean du Thiers, Lord of Menars, and Secretary of State to Henri II.", "Château de Beauregard, Loire Valley __knowledge__ The commissioned interior included frescoes on the fireplace of the royal chamber, which have survived.", "Samuel O. Thier __knowledge__ Samuel Osiah Thier (born June 23, 1937) is professor of Medicine and Health Care Policy at Harvard University.", "Samuel O. Thier __knowledge__ He previously served as the president of Brandeis University from 1991–1994 and the president of the Massachusetts General Hospital from 1994-96.", "Samuel O. Thier __knowledge__ Thier is an authority on internal medicine and kidney disease and is also known for his expertise in national health policy, medical education and biomedical research.", "Samuel O. Thier __knowledge__ Thier was born in Brooklyn, New York, in 1937.", "Samuel O. Thier __knowledge__ He attended Cornell University, and then earned a Doctor of Medicine degree in 1960 from the State University of New York at Syracuse.", "Bamboo __knowledge__ The bamboos are evergreen perennial flowering plants in the subfamily Bambusoideae of the grass family Poaceae.", "Bamboo __knowledge__ In bamboo, as in other grasses, the internodal regions of the stem are usually hollow and the vascular bundles in the cross section are scattered throughout the stem instead of in a cylindrical arrangement.", "Bamboo __knowledge__ The dicotyledonous woody xylem is also absent.", "Bamboo __knowledge__ The absence of secondary growth wood causes the stems of monocots, including the palms and large bamboos, to be columnar rather than tapering.", "Bamboo __knowledge__ Bamboos include some of the fastest-growing plants in the world, due to a unique rhizome-dependent system.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ Wonder Woman is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character is a founding member of the Justice League, goddess, and Ambassador-at-Large of the Amazon people.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character first appeared in \"All Star Comics\" #8 in October 1941 and first cover-dated on \"Sensation Comics\" #1, January 1942.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ In her homeland, the island nation of Themyscira, her official title is Princess Diana of Themyscira, Daughter of Hippolyta.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ When blending into the society outside of her homeland, she adopts her civilian identity Diana Prince.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character is also referred to by such epithets as the \"Amazing Amazon\", the \"Spirit of Truth\", \"Themyscira's Champion\", the \"God-killer\", and the \"Goddess of Love and War\".", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ Science fiction and fantasy magazines began to be published in the US in the 1920s.", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ Stories with science fiction themes had been appearing for decades in pulp magazines such as \"Argosy\", but there were no magazines that specialized in a single genre until 1915, when Street & Smith, one of the major pulp publishers, brought out \"Detective Story Magazine\".", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ The first magazine to focus solely on fantasy and horror was \"Weird Tales\", which was launched in 1923, and established itself as the leading weird fiction magazine over the next two decades; writers such as H.P.", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ Lovecraft, Clark Ashton Smith and Robert E. Howard became regular contributors.", "Carnival __knowledge__ Carnival (see other spellings and names) is a Western Christian festive season that occurs before the liturgical season of Lent.", "Carnival __knowledge__ The main events typically occur during February or early March, during the period historically known as Shrovetide (or Pre-Lent).", "Carnival __knowledge__ Carnival typically involves a public celebration or parade combining some elements of a circus, masks, and a public street party.", "Carnival __knowledge__ People wear masks and costumes during many such celebrations, allowing them to lose their everyday individuality and experience a heightened sense of social unity.", "Carnival __knowledge__ Excessive consumption of alcohol, meat, and other foods proscribed during Lent is extremely common.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Red panda __knowledge__ The red panda (\"Ailurus fulgens\"), also called the lesser panda, the red bear-cat, and the red cat-bear, is a mammal native to the eastern Himalayas and southwestern China.", "Red panda __knowledge__ It has reddish-brown fur, a long, shaggy tail, and a waddling gait due to its shorter front legs; it is roughly the size of a domestic cat, though with a longer body and somewhat heavier.", "Red panda __knowledge__ It is arboreal, feeds mainly on bamboo, but also eats eggs, birds, and insects.", "Red panda __knowledge__ It is a solitary animal, mainly active from dusk to dawn, and is largely sedentary during the day.", "Red panda __knowledge__ The red panda has been classified as Endangered by the IUCN because its wild population is estimated at less than 10,000 mature individuals and continues to decline due to habitat loss and fragmentation, poaching, and inbreeding depression, although red pandas are protected by national laws in their range countries.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the DreamWorks animated film media franchise \"Kung Fu Panda\", with their shorts and specials \"Secrets of the Furious Five\", \"Kung Fu Panda Holiday\", \"\", and \"\", as well as the video games and TV show \"\".", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The world of \"Kung Fu Panda\" is a fantasized version of ancient China as typically depicted in the wuxia film genre populated by anthropomorphized Asian animals where the martial arts can have magical qualities on top of extraordinary physical prowess for those sufficiently skilled.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ Master Po Ping (Chinese for \"Precious Peace\"), born Lotus Shan, is the titular protagonist of the \"Kung Fu Panda\" franchise.", "Giant pandas around the world __knowledge__ Currently, there are 25 zoos in 17 countries (Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, China (Hong Kong), France, Germany, Indonesia, Japan, Mexico, the Netherlands, Singapore, Spain, Taiwan, Thailand, United Kingdom (Scotland), and United States) that have giant pandas.", "Giant pandas around the world __knowledge__ Finland received its first two pandas in January 2018.", "Giant pandas around the world __knowledge__ These zoos have contracts with China to house these pandas for a few years.", "Giant pandas around the world __knowledge__ Giant pandas are on the IUCN Red List so part of the reason these contracts exist between China and international zoos, is to try to help the species reproduce before they are brought back to their native land.", "List of Animal Mechanicals episodes __knowledge__ This is a complete list of episodes from the animated TV show \"Animal Mechanicals\".", "List of Animal Mechanicals episodes __knowledge__ The Animal Mechanicals go to Turbo Bean Island to plant a Turbo Bean.", "List of Animal Mechanicals episodes __knowledge__ Rex transforms to dig a hole, but then accidentally touches the Turbo Bean when trying to plant it, causing it to grow double turbo blasters and fly into a cog tree, Sasquatch transforms to stretch up and grab the Bean which is stuck in the cog tree, causing it to fly around with Sasquatch.", "List of Animal Mechanicals episodes __knowledge__ Mouse transforms to chase the Bean, but it goes too high for her, and Unicorn transforms to chase the bean down to Mouse.", "List of Animal Mechanicals episodes __knowledge__ When they do manage to plant the Turbo Bean it sprouts a Bean Pole from which more Turbo Beans appear.", "Yabuli Ski Resort __knowledge__ Yabuli Ski Resort () is the largest ski resort in China and includes the country's largest ski jumping facilities , located in the northeastern province of Heilongjiang.", "Yabuli Ski Resort __knowledge__ It is southeast from Harbin, approximately 2.5hrs by train.", "Yabuli Ski Resort __knowledge__ Yabuli hosted the 1996 Winter Asian Games, the 2008 National Winter Games and the 2009 Winter Universiade.", "Yabuli Ski Resort __knowledge__ Yabuli underwent major renovations in the 2008/2009 winter season.", "Yabuli Ski Resort __knowledge__ A new four seater Doppelmayr chairlift was installed, along with a six-seater gondola.", "Yabuli Ski Resort __knowledge__ Existing lifts consist of single chairlift, double chairlifts and poma's.", "Yabuli Ski Resort __knowledge__ Three new on-snow hotels/lodges are being constructed and should be open by mid-January 2009.", "PANDAS __knowledge__ Pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infections (PANDAS) is a hypothesis that there exists a subset of children with rapid onset of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) or tic disorders and these symptoms are caused by group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal (GABHS) infections.", "PANDAS __knowledge__ The proposed link between infection and these disorders is that an initial autoimmune reaction to a GABHS infection produces antibodies that interfere with basal ganglia function, causing symptom exacerbations.", "PANDAS __knowledge__ It has been proposed that this autoimmune response can result in a broad range of neuropsychiatric symptoms." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The giant panda (\"Ailuropoda melanoleuca\", \"black and white cat-foot\"; , \"big bear cat\"), also known as panda bear or simply panda, is a bear native to south central China.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ It is easily recognized by the large, distinctive black patches around its eyes, over the ears, and across its round body.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The name \"giant panda\" is sometimes used to distinguish it from the unrelated red panda.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ Though it belongs to the order Carnivora, the giant panda's diet is over 99% bamboo.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ Giant pandas in the wild will occasionally eat other grasses, wild tubers, or even meat in the form of birds, rodents, or carrion.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ In captivity, they may receive honey, eggs, fish, yams, shrub leaves, oranges, or bananas along with specially prepared food.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The giant panda lives in a few mountain ranges in central China, mainly in Sichuan, but also in neighbouring Shaanxi and Gansu.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ As a result of farming, deforestation, and other development, the giant panda has been driven out of the lowland areas where it once lived.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The giant panda is a conservation reliant vulnerable species.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ A 2007 report showed 239 pandas living in captivity inside China and another 27 outside the country.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ As of December 2014, 49 giant pandas lived in captivity outside China, living in 18 zoos in 13 different countries.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the DreamWorks animated film media franchise \"Kung Fu Panda\", with their shorts and specials \"Secrets of the Furious Five\", \"Kung Fu Panda Holiday\", \"\", and \"\", as well as the video games and TV show \"\".", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The world of \"Kung Fu Panda\" is a fantasized version of ancient China as typically depicted in the wuxia film genre populated by anthropomorphized Asian animals where the martial arts can have magical qualities on top of extraordinary physical prowess for those sufficiently skilled.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ Master Po Ping (Chinese for \"Precious Peace\"), born Lotus Shan, is the titular protagonist of the \"Kung Fu Panda\" franchise.", "The Biggest Loser (season 9) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Couples 3 is the ninth season of the NBC reality television series \"The Biggest Loser\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 9) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize, which was awarded to Michael Ventrella, the finalist with the highest percentage of weight lost.", "The Biggest Loser (season 9) __knowledge__ It first aired January 5, 2010.", "The Biggest Loser (season 9) __knowledge__ After six episodes, \"The Biggest Loser\" went on hiatus and returned after the 2010 Winter Olympics on March 2, 2010.", "The Biggest Loser (season 9) __knowledge__ The live finale aired on May 25, 2010.", "The Biggest Loser (season 9) __knowledge__ The season premiered on NBC on January 5, 2010 and tallied its best premiere rating ever, powering NBC to the adults 18-49 ratings win for that night.", "The Biggest Loser (season 9) __knowledge__ \"Biggest Loser: Couples\" was up 2% from its January, 2009 premiere to a 4.6 adults 18-49 rating.", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Second Chances is the eighth season of the NBC reality television series \"The Biggest Loser\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize, which was awarded to Danny Cahill, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight lost.", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ This season premiered on NBC on Tuesday, September 15, 2009.", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ The season's theme meant that each of the candidates had met with heartbreak and tragedy during their lifetime.", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ Among notable stories, Shay Sorrells grew up in foster care while her mother unsuccessfully struggled with heroin addiction, while Abby Rike lost her husband and children in a head-on collision caused by a speeding driver.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Glory Days is the sixteenth season of \"The Biggest Loser\" which premiered on September 11, 2014 on NBC.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ Bob Harper and Dolvett Quince returned as trainers, while Jillian Michaels decided to leave the show.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ There are two new trainers this season: Jessie Pavelka and Jennifer Widerstrom.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season, the contestants are all former athletes including former National Football League players and Olympic Gold medalists.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize which was awarded to Toma Dobrosavljevic, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season was also the last for host Alison Sweeney to focus on other projects.", "Giant pandas around the world __knowledge__ Currently, there are 25 zoos in 17 countries (Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, China (Hong Kong), France, Germany, Indonesia, Japan, Mexico, the Netherlands, Singapore, Spain, Taiwan, Thailand, United Kingdom (Scotland), and United States) that have giant pandas.", "Giant pandas around the world __knowledge__ Finland received its first two pandas in January 2018.", "Giant pandas around the world __knowledge__ These zoos have contracts with China to house these pandas for a few years.", "Giant pandas around the world __knowledge__ Giant pandas are on the IUCN Red List so part of the reason these contracts exist between China and international zoos, is to try to help the species reproduce before they are brought back to their native land.", "Fiat Panda __knowledge__ The Fiat Panda is a city car from the Italian automobile manufacturer Fiat, now in its third generation.", "Fiat Panda __knowledge__ The first generation Fiat Panda was introduced in 1980, and was produced until 1986, when it underwent several changes.", "Fiat Panda __knowledge__ From 1986 until 2003, it was produced with only a few changes.", "Fiat Panda __knowledge__ The second generation, launched in 2003, was the European Car of the Year in 2004.", "Fiat Panda __knowledge__ The third generation debuted at Frankfurt Motor Show in September 2011 and assembled in Italy at Pomigliano d'Arco.", "Fiat Panda __knowledge__ In 37 years Fiat has sold over 7.5 million Pandas globally, with more than 4.5 million being the first series Panda.", "Bamboo __knowledge__ The bamboos are evergreen perennial flowering plants in the subfamily Bambusoideae of the grass family Poaceae.", "Bamboo __knowledge__ In bamboo, as in other grasses, the internodal regions of the stem are usually hollow and the vascular bundles in the cross section are scattered throughout the stem instead of in a cylindrical arrangement.", "Bamboo __knowledge__ The dicotyledonous woody xylem is also absent.", "Bamboo __knowledge__ The absence of secondary growth wood causes the stems of monocots, including the palms and large bamboos, to be columnar rather than tapering.", "Bamboo __knowledge__ Bamboos include some of the fastest-growing plants in the world, due to a unique rhizome-dependent system.", "Bamboo textile __knowledge__ Bamboo textiles are cloth, yarn, and clothing made out of bamboo fibres.", "Bamboo textile __knowledge__ While historically used only for structural elements, such as bustles and the ribs of corsets, in recent years a range of technologies have been developed allowing bamboo fibre to be used in a wide range of textile and fashion applications.", "Bamboo textile __knowledge__ Modern clothing labeled bamboo is usually rayon.", "Bamboo textile __knowledge__ The bamboo yarn can also be blended with other textile fibres such as hemp or even spandex.", "Bamboo textile __knowledge__ Bamboo fibres are all cellulose fibre extracted or fabricated from natural bamboo, but they vary widely.", "Bamboo textile __knowledge__ Textiles labelled as being made from bamboo are usually not made by mechanical crushing and retting.", "Lemur __knowledge__ Lemurs ( ) are a clade of strepsirrhine primates endemic to the island of Madagascar.", "Lemur __knowledge__ The word \"lemur\" derives from the word \"lemures\" (ghosts or spirits) from Roman mythology and was first used to describe a slender loris due to its nocturnal habits and slow pace, but was later applied to the primates on Madagascar.", "Lemur __knowledge__ As with other strepsirrhine primates, such as lorises, pottos, and galagos (bush babies), lemurs share resemblance with basal primates.", "Lemur __knowledge__ In this regard, lemurs are often confused with ancestral primates, when in actuality, lemurs did not give rise to monkeys and apes, but evolved independently.", "Asian Americans __knowledge__ Asian Americans are Americans of Asian descent.", "Asian Americans __knowledge__ The term refers to a panethnic group that includes diverse populations, which have ancestral origins in East Asia, Southeast Asia, or South Asia, as defined by the U.S. Census Bureau.", "Asian Americans __knowledge__ This includes people who indicate their race(s) on the census as \"Asian\" or reported entries such as \"Asian Indian, Thai, Chinese, Filipino, Korean, Pakistani, Japanese, Vietnamese, and Other Asian\".", "Asian Americans __knowledge__ Asian Americans with no other ancestry comprise 5.4% of the U.S. population, while people who are Asian alone, and those combined with at least one other race, make up 6.8%.", "Economy of Asia __knowledge__ The economy of Asia comprises more than 4.5 billion people (60% of the world population) living in 49 different nation states.", "Economy of Asia __knowledge__ Six further states lie partly in Asia, but are considered to belong to another region economically and politically.", "Economy of Asia __knowledge__ Asia is the fastest growing economic region as well as the largest continental economy by both GDP Nominal and PPP in the world.", "Economy of Asia __knowledge__ China and India are currently the first and third largest economies in Asia, respectively.", "Economy of Asia __knowledge__ Moreover, Asia is the site of some of the world's longest modern economic booms, starting from the Japanese economic miracle (1950–1990), Miracle on the Han River (1961–1996) in South Korea and the economic boom (1978–2013) in China.", "Soil __knowledge__ Soil is a mixture of organic matter, minerals, gases, liquids, and organisms that together support life.", "Soil __knowledge__ The Earth's body of soil is the pedosphere, which has four important functions: it is a medium for plant growth; it is a means of water storage, supply and purification; it is a modifier of Earth's atmosphere; it is a habitat for organisms; all of which, in turn, modify the soil.", "Soil __knowledge__ Soil interfaces with the lithosphere, the hydrosphere, the atmosphere, and the biosphere.", "Soil __knowledge__ The term \"pedolith\", used commonly to refer to the soil, literally translates \"ground stone\".", "Soil __knowledge__ Soil consists of a solid phase of minerals and organic matter (the soil matrix), as well as a porous phase that holds gases (the soil atmosphere) and water (the soil solution).", "Growth of religion __knowledge__ Growth of religion is the spread of religions and the increase of religious adherents around the world.", "Growth of religion __knowledge__ The statistics are commonly measured by the absolute number of adherents, the percentage of the absolute growth per year, and the growth of the number of converts in the world.", "Growth of religion __knowledge__ Projections of future religious adherence are based on assumptions that trends, total fertility rates, life expectancy, political climate, conversion rates, secularization, etc will continue.", "Growth of religion __knowledge__ Such forecasts cannot be validated empirically and are contentious, but are useful for comparison.", "Growth of religion __knowledge__ Studies in the 21st century show that, in terms of percentage and worldwide spread, Islam is the fastest-growing religion in the world." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The giant panda (\"Ailuropoda melanoleuca\", \"black and white cat-foot\"; , \"big bear cat\"), also known as panda bear or simply panda, is a bear native to south central China.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ It is easily recognized by the large, distinctive black patches around its eyes, over the ears, and across its round body.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The name \"giant panda\" is sometimes used to distinguish it from the unrelated red panda.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ Though it belongs to the order Carnivora, the giant panda's diet is over 99% bamboo.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ Giant pandas in the wild will occasionally eat other grasses, wild tubers, or even meat in the form of birds, rodents, or carrion.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ In captivity, they may receive honey, eggs, fish, yams, shrub leaves, oranges, or bananas along with specially prepared food.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The giant panda lives in a few mountain ranges in central China, mainly in Sichuan, but also in neighbouring Shaanxi and Gansu.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ As a result of farming, deforestation, and other development, the giant panda has been driven out of the lowland areas where it once lived.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The giant panda is a conservation reliant vulnerable species.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ A 2007 report showed 239 pandas living in captivity inside China and another 27 outside the country.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ As of December 2014, 49 giant pandas lived in captivity outside China, living in 18 zoos in 13 different countries.", "Red panda __knowledge__ The red panda (\"Ailurus fulgens\"), also called the lesser panda, the red bear-cat, and the red cat-bear, is a mammal native to the eastern Himalayas and southwestern China.", "Red panda __knowledge__ It has reddish-brown fur, a long, shaggy tail, and a waddling gait due to its shorter front legs; it is roughly the size of a domestic cat, though with a longer body and somewhat heavier.", "Red panda __knowledge__ It is arboreal, feeds mainly on bamboo, but also eats eggs, birds, and insects.", "Red panda __knowledge__ It is a solitary animal, mainly active from dusk to dawn, and is largely sedentary during the day.", "Red panda __knowledge__ The red panda has been classified as Endangered by the IUCN because its wild population is estimated at less than 10,000 mature individuals and continues to decline due to habitat loss and fragmentation, poaching, and inbreeding depression, although red pandas are protected by national laws in their range countries.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the DreamWorks animated film media franchise \"Kung Fu Panda\", with their shorts and specials \"Secrets of the Furious Five\", \"Kung Fu Panda Holiday\", \"\", and \"\", as well as the video games and TV show \"\".", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The world of \"Kung Fu Panda\" is a fantasized version of ancient China as typically depicted in the wuxia film genre populated by anthropomorphized Asian animals where the martial arts can have magical qualities on top of extraordinary physical prowess for those sufficiently skilled.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ Master Po Ping (Chinese for \"Precious Peace\"), born Lotus Shan, is the titular protagonist of the \"Kung Fu Panda\" franchise.", "Giant pandas around the world __knowledge__ Currently, there are 25 zoos in 17 countries (Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, China (Hong Kong), France, Germany, Indonesia, Japan, Mexico, the Netherlands, Singapore, Spain, Taiwan, Thailand, United Kingdom (Scotland), and United States) that have giant pandas.", "Giant pandas around the world __knowledge__ Finland received its first two pandas in January 2018.", "Giant pandas around the world __knowledge__ These zoos have contracts with China to house these pandas for a few years.", "Giant pandas around the world __knowledge__ Giant pandas are on the IUCN Red List so part of the reason these contracts exist between China and international zoos, is to try to help the species reproduce before they are brought back to their native land.", "Fiat Panda __knowledge__ The Fiat Panda is a city car from the Italian automobile manufacturer Fiat, now in its third generation.", "Fiat Panda __knowledge__ The first generation Fiat Panda was introduced in 1980, and was produced until 1986, when it underwent several changes.", "Fiat Panda __knowledge__ From 1986 until 2003, it was produced with only a few changes.", "Fiat Panda __knowledge__ The second generation, launched in 2003, was the European Car of the Year in 2004.", "Fiat Panda __knowledge__ The third generation debuted at Frankfurt Motor Show in September 2011 and assembled in Italy at Pomigliano d'Arco.", "Fiat Panda __knowledge__ In 37 years Fiat has sold over 7.5 million Pandas globally, with more than 4.5 million being the first series Panda.", "Bear __knowledge__ Bears are carnivoran mammals of the family Ursidae.", "Bear __knowledge__ They are classified as caniforms, or doglike carnivorans.", "Bear __knowledge__ Although only eight species of bears are extant, they are widespread, appearing in a wide variety of habitats throughout the Northern Hemisphere and partially in the Southern Hemisphere.", "Bear __knowledge__ Bears are found on the continents of North America, South America, Europe, and Asia.", "Bear __knowledge__ Common characteristics of modern bears include large bodies with stocky legs, long snouts, small rounded ears, shaggy hair, plantigrade paws with five nonretractile claws, and short tails.", "Bear __knowledge__ While the polar bear is mostly carnivorous, and the giant panda feeds almost entirely on bamboo, the remaining six species are omnivorous with varied diets.", "National Zoological Park (United States) __knowledge__ The National Zoological Park, commonly known as the National Zoo, is one of the oldest zoos in the United States.", "National Zoological Park (United States) __knowledge__ It is part of the Smithsonian Institution and does not charge for admission.", "National Zoological Park (United States) __knowledge__ Founded in 1889, its mission is to \"provide engaging experiences with animals and create and share knowledge to save wildlife and habitats\".", "National Zoological Park (United States) __knowledge__ The National Zoo has two campuses.", "National Zoological Park (United States) __knowledge__ The first is a urban park located at Rock Creek Park in Northwest Washington, D.C., 20 minutes from the National Mall by MetroRail.", "National Zoological Park (United States) __knowledge__ The other campus is the Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute (SCBI; formerly known as the Conservation and Research Center) in Front Royal, Virginia.", "Panda diplomacy __knowledge__ Panda diplomacy is China's use of giant pandas as diplomatic gifts to other countries.", "Panda diplomacy __knowledge__ The practice existed as far back as the Tang Dynasty, when Empress Wu Zetian (625–705) sent a pair of pandas to the Japanese emperor.", "Panda diplomacy __knowledge__ The People's Republic of China used panda diplomacy in the 1950s and has become known in recent decades for this practice.", "Panda diplomacy __knowledge__ From 1958 to 1982, China gave 23 pandas to nine different countries.", "Panda diplomacy __knowledge__ One highlight of panda diplomacy was the Chinese government's gift of two pandas, Ling-Ling and Hsing-Hsing, to the United States in 1972 after President Richard Nixon's historic visit to China (President Nixon reciprocated by sending back a pair of musk oxen).", "Chengdu __knowledge__ Chengdu (), formerly romanized as Chengtu, is a sub-provincial city which serves as the capital of China's Sichuan province.", "Chengdu __knowledge__ It is one of the three most populous cities in Western China (the other two are Chongqing and Xi'an).", "Chengdu __knowledge__ , the administrative area houses 14,427,500 inhabitants, with an urban population of 10,152,632.", "Chengdu __knowledge__ At the time of the 2010 census, Chengdu was the 5th-most populous agglomeration in China, with 10,484,996 inhabitants in the built-up area including Xinjin County and Deyang's Guanghan City.", "Chengdu __knowledge__ The surrounding Chengdu Plain is also known as the \"Country of Heaven\" () and the \"Land of Abundance\".", "Baylisascaris shroederi __knowledge__ Baylisascaris shroederi, common name giant panda roundworm, is a roundworm (nematode), found ubiquitously in giant pandas of central China, the definitive hosts.", "Baylisascaris shroederi __knowledge__ Baylisascaris larvae in paratenic hosts can migrate, causing visceral larva migrans (VLM).", "Baylisascaris shroederi __knowledge__ Baylisascariasis is characterized by the zoonotic infection of Baylisascaris roundworm humans, no cases have ever been reported globally.", "Baylisascaris shroederi __knowledge__ It is extremely dangerous to the host due to the ability of the parasite's larvae to migrate into brain tissue and cause damage.", "Baylisascaris shroederi __knowledge__ Concern for human infection is minimalized as there are very few giant pandas living today and most people do not encounter giant pandas in their everyday activities.", "Toronto Zoo __knowledge__ The Toronto Zoo is a zoo located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.", "Toronto Zoo __knowledge__ Founded by Hugh A. Crothers, an industrialist who became the first Chairman of the Metro Toronto Zoological Society in 1966, the zoo opened on August 15, 1974 as the \"Metropolitan Toronto Zoo\", or simply \"Metro Toronto Zoo\", and is owned by the City of Toronto.", "Toronto Zoo __knowledge__ The word \"Metropolitan\" was dropped from its name when the Municipality of Metropolitan Toronto was amalgamated to the current city in 1998.", "Toronto Zoo __knowledge__ The zoo is located near the Rouge River, along the western border of Rouge Park in the city's east end district of Scarborough.", "Toronto Zoo __knowledge__ Encompassing , the Toronto Zoo is the largest zoo in Canada." ] ]

[ 4, 27, 3, 30 ]

[ "Pandas are quite fun, but it seems so strange that they only eat bamboo.", "I don't know, but bamboo is the fastest growing plant in the world so I'd expect there is more than enough around to fill them up.", "Perhaps thats why they call them \"Giant Pandas?\"", "Since bears are generally considerd carnivoran, but Pandas don't eat meat, are Pandas truly bears?" ]

[ "Giant panda", "Giant panda", "Giant panda", "Giant panda" ]

[ "Austin, Texas\nHey, do you know anything about Austin, Texas?", "I imagine its grown a lot in recent years like the rest of Texas has. How much has it grown in the last 20 years?", "By what percent is it growing each year?", "Alright, I suppose I can check myself. Have you ever been there yourself?", "That's an odd way of phrasing that. Do you still live there though?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ Austin () is the capital of the U.S. state of Texas and the seat of Travis County, with portions extending into Hays and Williamson counties.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ It is the 11th-most populous city in the United States and the 4th-most populous city in Texas.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ It is the fastest growing large city in the United States, the second most populous state capital after Phoenix, Arizona, and the southern-most state capital in the contiguous 48 states.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ As of the Census Bureau's July 1, 2016 estimate, Austin has a population of 947,890.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ Located in within greater Texas Hill Country, the city is home to numerous lakes, rivers, and waterways including Lady Bird Lake, Barton Springs, McKinney Falls, the Colorado River, Lake Travis, and Lake Walter E. Long.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ It is the cultural and economic center of the metropolitan statistical area, which had an estimated population of 2,056,405 as of July 1, 2016.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ In the 1830s, pioneers began to settle the area in central Austin along the Colorado River.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ In 1839, the site was chosen to replace Houston as the capital of the Republic of Texas and was incorporated under the name Waterloo.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ Shortly afterward, the name was changed to Austin in honor of Stephen F. Austin, the \"Father of Texas\" and the republic's first secretary of state.", "You Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ \"You Don't Know Anything\" is a song by American indie rock band Ivy.", "You Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ It was released by Atlantic Records on April 29, 1999 as the fourth and final single from their second studio album, \"Apartment Life\" (1997).", "You Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ The single was made available exclusively in Europe and featured the same two B-sides as previous single, \"This Is the Day\", which had been released by 550 Music in Austria.", "You Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ The track was written by Dominique Durand, Adam Schlesinger and Andy Chase while production was handled by the latter two and Peter Nashel.", "You Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ Released alongside \"This Is the Day\", \"You Don't Know Anything\" received promotion by Atlantic Records after the former track was included on the soundtrack for the 1998 film, \"There's Something About Mary\".", "I Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ \"I Don't Know Anything\" is a song by the American rock band Mad Season, released in 1995 as the second single from the band's sole studio album, \"Above\" (1995).", "I Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ The song reached number 20 on the \"Billboard\" Mainstream Rock Tracks chart.", "I Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ The verse bar for \"I Don't Know Anything\" features a droning, overdriven guitar melody centered on the use of harmonics.", "I Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ \"I Don't Know Anything\" peaked at number 20 on the \"Billboard\" Mainstream Rock Tracks chart.", "I Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ Although the single was released to radio across North America and the world, it was only commercially available in Austria.", "I Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ \"I Don't Know Anything\" was first performed live at the band's October 12, 1994 concert in Seattle, Washington at the Crocodile Cafe.", "Stevie Ray Vaughan __knowledge__ Stephen Ray Vaughan (October 3, 1954 – August 27, 1990) was an American musician, singer, songwriter, and record producer.", "Stevie Ray Vaughan __knowledge__ In spite of a short-lived mainstream career spanning seven years, he was one of the most influential guitarists in the revival of blues in the 1980s.", "Stevie Ray Vaughan __knowledge__ AllMusic describes him as \"a rocking powerhouse of a guitarist who gave blues a burst of momentum in the '80s, with influence still felt long after his tragic death.\"", "Stevie Ray Vaughan __knowledge__ Born and raised in Dallas, Texas, Vaughan began playing guitar at the age of seven, inspired by his older brother Jimmie.", "Stevie Ray Vaughan __knowledge__ In 1971 he dropped out of high school, and moved to Austin the following year.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Philosophical skepticism __knowledge__ Philosophical skepticism (UK spelling scepticism; from Greek σκέψις \"skepsis\", \"inquiry\") is both a philosophical school of thought and a method that questions the possibility of certainty in knowledge.", "Philosophical skepticism __knowledge__ It is generally agreed that knowledge requires justification.", "Philosophical skepticism __knowledge__ It is not enough to have a true belief: one must also have good reasons for that belief.", "Philosophical skepticism __knowledge__ Skeptics claim that it is not possible to have only an adequate justification.", "Philosophical skepticism __knowledge__ Skepticism is not a single position but covers a range of different positions.", "Philosophical skepticism __knowledge__ In the ancient world there were two main skeptical traditions.", "Philosophical skepticism __knowledge__ Academic skepticism took the dogmatic position that knowledge was not possible; Pyrrhonian skeptics refused to take a dogmatic position on any issue—including skepticism.", "Hey Jude __knowledge__ \"Hey Jude\" is a song by the English rock band the Beatles, written by Paul McCartney and credited to Lennon–McCartney.", "Hey Jude __knowledge__ The ballad evolved from \"Hey Jules\", a song McCartney wrote to comfort John Lennon's son, Julian, during his parents' divorce.", "Hey Jude __knowledge__ \"Hey Jude\" begins with a verse-bridge structure incorporating McCartney's vocal performance and piano accompaniment; further instrumentation is added as the song progresses.", "Hey Jude __knowledge__ After the fourth verse, the song shifts to a fade-out coda that lasts for more than four minutes.", "Hey Jude __knowledge__ \"Hey Jude\" was released in August 1968 as the first single from the Beatles' record label Apple Records." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ Austin () is the capital of the U.S. state of Texas and the seat of Travis County, with portions extending into Hays and Williamson counties.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ It is the 11th-most populous city in the United States and the 4th-most populous city in Texas.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ It is the fastest growing large city in the United States, the second most populous state capital after Phoenix, Arizona, and the southern-most state capital in the contiguous 48 states.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ As of the Census Bureau's July 1, 2016 estimate, Austin has a population of 947,890.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ Located in within greater Texas Hill Country, the city is home to numerous lakes, rivers, and waterways including Lady Bird Lake, Barton Springs, McKinney Falls, the Colorado River, Lake Travis, and Lake Walter E. Long.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ It is the cultural and economic center of the metropolitan statistical area, which had an estimated population of 2,056,405 as of July 1, 2016.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ In the 1830s, pioneers began to settle the area in central Austin along the Colorado River.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ In 1839, the site was chosen to replace Houston as the capital of the Republic of Texas and was incorporated under the name Waterloo.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ Shortly afterward, the name was changed to Austin in honor of Stephen F. Austin, the \"Father of Texas\" and the republic's first secretary of state.", "Texas Longhorns men's basketball __knowledge__ The Texas Longhorns men's basketball team represents The University of Texas at Austin in NCAA Division I intercollegiate men's basketball competition.", "Texas Longhorns men's basketball __knowledge__ The Longhorns currently compete in the Big 12 Conference.", "Texas Longhorns men's basketball __knowledge__ The University of Texas began varsity intercollegiate competition in men's basketball in 1906.", "Texas Longhorns men's basketball __knowledge__ The Longhorns rank 17th in total victories among all NCAA Division I college basketball programs and 25th in all-time win percentage among programs with at least 50 years in Division I, with an all-time win-loss record of 1759–1057 ().", "Texas Longhorns men's basketball __knowledge__ Among Big 12 Conference men's basketball programs, Texas is second only to Kansas in both all-time wins and all-time win percentage.", "Income inequality in the United States __knowledge__ Income inequality in the United States has increased significantly since the 1970s after several decades of stability, meaning the share of the nation's income received by higher income households has increased.", "Income inequality in the United States __knowledge__ This trend is evident with income measured both before taxes (market income) as well as after taxes and transfer payments.", "Income inequality in the United States __knowledge__ Income inequality has fluctuated considerably since measurements began around 1915, moving in an arc between peaks in the 1920s and 2000s, with a 30-year period of relatively lower inequality between 1950–1980.", "Income inequality in the United States __knowledge__ Measured for all households, U.S. income inequality is comparable to other developed countries before taxes and transfers, but is among the highest after taxes and transfers, meaning the U.S. shifts relatively less income from higher income households to lower income households.", "UEFA Financial Fair Play Regulations __knowledge__ The UEFA Financial Fair Play Regulations (FFP) were established to prevent professional football clubs spending more than they earn in the pursuit of success and in doing so getting into financial problems which might threaten their long-term survival.", "UEFA Financial Fair Play Regulations __knowledge__ They were agreed to in principle in September 2009 by the Financial Control Panel of football’s governing body in Europe (Union of European Football Associations – UEFA).", "UEFA Financial Fair Play Regulations __knowledge__ The regulations provide for sanctions to be taken against clubs who exceed spending, over several seasons, within a set budgetary framework.", "UEFA Financial Fair Play Regulations __knowledge__ Implementation of the regulations took place at the outset of the 2011–12 football season.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Rice __knowledge__ Rice is the seed of the grass species \"Oryza sativa\" (Asian rice) or \"Oryza glaberrima\" (African rice).", "Rice __knowledge__ As a cereal grain, it is the most widely consumed staple food for a large part of the world's human population, especially in Asia.", "Rice __knowledge__ It is the agricultural commodity with the third-highest worldwide production (rice, 741.5 million tonnes in 2014), after sugarcane (1.9 billion tonnes) and maize (1.0 billion tonnes).", "Rice __knowledge__ Since sizable portions of sugarcane and maize crops are used for purposes other than human consumption, rice is the most important grain with regard to human nutrition and caloric intake, providing more than one-fifth of the calories consumed worldwide by humans.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ Zakynthos (, \"Zákynthos\" , ) or Zante (, \"Tzánte\" , ; from Venetian), is a Greek island in the Ionian Sea.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ It is the third largest of the Ionian Islands.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ Zakynthos is a separate regional unit of the Ionian Islands region, and its only municipality.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ It covers an area of and its coastline is roughly in length.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ The name, like all similar names ending in -nthos, is pre-Mycenaean or Pelasgian in origin.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ In Greek mythology the island was said to be named after Zakynthos, the son of a legendary Arcadian chief Dardanus.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ Zakynthos is a tourist destination, with an international airport served by charter flights from northern Europe.", "Ecology of the Rocky Mountains __knowledge__ The ecology of the Rocky Mountains is diverse due to the effects of a variety of environmental factors.", "Ecology of the Rocky Mountains __knowledge__ The Rocky Mountains are the major mountain range in western North America, running from the far north of British Columbia in Canada to New Mexico in the southwestern United States, climbing from the Great Plains at or below to peaks of over .", "Ecology of the Rocky Mountains __knowledge__ Temperature and rainfall varies greatly also and thus the Rockies are home to a mixture of habitats including the alpine, subalpine and boreal habitats of the Northern Rocky Mountains in British Columbia and Alberta, the coniferous forests of Montana and Idaho, the wetlands and prairie where the Rockies meet the plains, a different mix of conifers on the Yellowstone Plateau in Wyoming and in the high Rockies of Colorado and New Mexico, and finally the alpine tundra of the highest elevations.", "Phoenix, Arizona __knowledge__ Phoenix () is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. state of Arizona.", "Phoenix, Arizona __knowledge__ With 1,615,017 people (), Phoenix is the fifth most populous city nationwide, the most populous state capital in the United States, and the only state capital with a population of more than one million residents.", "Phoenix, Arizona __knowledge__ Phoenix is the anchor of the Phoenix metropolitan area, also known as the Valley of the Sun, which in turn is a part of the Salt River Valley.", "Phoenix, Arizona __knowledge__ The metropolitan area is the 12th largest by population in the United States, with approximately 4.3 million people .", "Phoenix, Arizona __knowledge__ In addition, Phoenix is the seat of Maricopa County and, at 517.9 square miles (1,341 km), it is the largest city in the state, more than twice the size of Tucson and one of the largest cities in the United States.", "San Antonio __knowledge__ San Antonio ( Spanish for \"Saint Anthony\"), officially the City of San Antonio, is the seventh most populous city in the United States and the second most populous city in both Texas and the Southern United States.", "San Antonio __knowledge__ Founded as a Spanish mission and colonial outpost in 1718, the city became the first chartered civil settlement in Texas in 1731, making it the state's oldest municipality.", "San Antonio __knowledge__ The city's deep history is contrasted with its rapid growth: it was the fastest-growing of the top ten largest cities in the United States from 2000 to 2010, and the second from 1990 to 2000.", "San Antonio __knowledge__ Straddling the regional divide between South and Central Texas, San Antonio anchors the southwestern corner of an urban megaregion colloquially known as the \"Texas Triangle\".", "Iran __knowledge__ Iran ( ), also known as Persia (), officially the Islamic Republic of Iran ( ), is a sovereign state in Western Asia.", "Iran __knowledge__ With over 81 million inhabitants, Iran is the world's 18th-most-populous country.", "Iran __knowledge__ Comprising a land area of , it is the second-largest country in the Middle East and the 17th-largest in the world.", "Iran __knowledge__ Iran is bordered to the northwest by Armenia, the Republic of Azerbaijan, and the Azerbaijani exclave of Nakhchivan; to the north by the Caspian Sea; to the northeast by Turkmenistan; to the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan; to the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman; and to the west by Turkey and Iraq.", "Denver __knowledge__ Denver (), officially the City and County of Denver, is the capital and most populous municipality of the U.S. state of Colorado.", "Denver __knowledge__ Denver is in the South Platte River Valley on the western edge of the High Plains just east of the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains.", "Denver __knowledge__ The Denver downtown district is immediately east of the confluence of Cherry Creek with the South Platte River, approximately east of the foothills of the Rocky Mountains.", "Denver __knowledge__ Denver is nicknamed the \"Mile High City\" because its official elevation is exactly one mile () above sea level, making it the highest major city in the United States.", "United States House of Representatives elections in Tennessee, 2012 __knowledge__ The 2012 United States House of Representatives elections in Tennessee were held on Tuesday, November 6, 2012 and elected the nine U.S.", "United States House of Representatives elections in Tennessee, 2012 __knowledge__ Representatives from the state of Tennessee, apportioned according to the 2010 United States Census.", "United States House of Representatives elections in Tennessee, 2012 __knowledge__ The elections coincided with the elections of other federal and state offices, including a quadrennial presidential election and an election to the U.S. Senate.", "United States House of Representatives elections in Tennessee, 2012 __knowledge__ Primary elections were held on August 2, 2012.", "United States House of Representatives elections in Tennessee, 2012 __knowledge__ The redrawn 1st district will represent Carter, Cocke, Greene, Hamblen, Hancock, Hawkins, Johnson, Sevier, Sullivan, Unicoi, and Washington counties, and parts of Jefferson County.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ New York is a state in the northeastern United States.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ New York was one of the original thirteen colonies that formed the United States.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ With an estimated 19.85 million residents in 2017, it is the fourth most populous state in the United States.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ To differentiate from its city with the same name, it is sometimes called New York State.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ The state's largest city, New York City, makes up over 40% of the state's population.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ Two-thirds of the state's population lives in the New York metropolitan area, and nearly 40% lives on Long Island.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ The state and city were both named for the 17th-century Duke of York, future King James II of England." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ Austin () is the capital of the U.S. state of Texas and the seat of Travis County, with portions extending into Hays and Williamson counties.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ It is the 11th-most populous city in the United States and the 4th-most populous city in Texas.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ It is the fastest growing large city in the United States, the second most populous state capital after Phoenix, Arizona, and the southern-most state capital in the contiguous 48 states.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ As of the Census Bureau's July 1, 2016 estimate, Austin has a population of 947,890.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ Located in within greater Texas Hill Country, the city is home to numerous lakes, rivers, and waterways including Lady Bird Lake, Barton Springs, McKinney Falls, the Colorado River, Lake Travis, and Lake Walter E. Long.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ It is the cultural and economic center of the metropolitan statistical area, which had an estimated population of 2,056,405 as of July 1, 2016.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ In the 1830s, pioneers began to settle the area in central Austin along the Colorado River.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ In 1839, the site was chosen to replace Houston as the capital of the Republic of Texas and was incorporated under the name Waterloo.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ Shortly afterward, the name was changed to Austin in honor of Stephen F. Austin, the \"Father of Texas\" and the republic's first secretary of state.", "Economic history of Portugal __knowledge__ The economic history of Portugal covers the development of the economy throughout the course of Portuguese history.", "Economic history of Portugal __knowledge__ It has its roots prior to nationality, when Roman occupation developed a thriving economy in Hispania, in the provinces of Lusitania and Gallaecia, as producers and exporters to the Roman Empire.", "Economic history of Portugal __knowledge__ This continued under the Visigoths and then Al-Andalus Moorish rule, until the Kingdom of Portugal was established in 1139.", "Economic history of Portugal __knowledge__ With the end of Portuguese reconquista and integration in the European Middle Age economy, the Portuguese were at the forefront of maritime exploration of the age of discovery, expanding to become the first global empire.", "Economy of Peru __knowledge__ Peru is classified as \"upper middle income\" by the World Bank and is the 39th largest in the world by total GDP.", "Economy of Peru __knowledge__ Peru is one of the world's fastest-growing economies with a 2012 GDP growth rate of 6.3%.", "Economy of Peru __knowledge__ It currently has a high human development index of 0.741 and per capita GDP above $12,000 by PPP.", "Economy of Peru __knowledge__ Neo-classical economists would interpret Peru's sound economic performance as a combination of: However, Post-Keynesian economists would argue that what neo-classical economics considers to be \"prudent\" fiscal spending is nothing more than a means to restrict government spending in order to make Peru dependent on export income and thus encourage it to open the Peruvian economy to free trade to the benefit of other western countries.", "History of agriculture in the People's Republic of China __knowledge__ In 4,000 years, China has been a nation of farmers.", "History of agriculture in the People's Republic of China __knowledge__ By the time the People's Republic of China was established in 1949, virtually all arable land was under cultivation; irrigation and drainage systems constructed centuries earlier and intensive farming practices already produced relatively high yields.", "History of agriculture in the People's Republic of China __knowledge__ But little prime virgin land was available to support population growth and economic development.", "History of agriculture in the People's Republic of China __knowledge__ However, after a decline in production as a result of the Great Leap Forward (1958–60), agricultural reforms implemented in the 1980s increased yields and promised even greater future production from existing cultivated land.", "Economic history of China (1949–present) __knowledge__ China's economic system before the late-1990s, with state ownership of certain industries and central control over planning and the financial system, has enabled the government to mobilize whatever surplus was available and greatly increase the proportion of the national economic output devoted to investment.", "Economic history of China (1949–present) __knowledge__ Analysts estimated that investment accounted for about 25 percent of GNP in 1979, a rate surpassed by few other countries.", "Economic history of China (1949–present) __knowledge__ Because of the comparatively low level of GNP, however, even this high rate of investment secured only a small amount of resources relative to the size of the country and the population.", "Economy of Honduras __knowledge__ The economy of Honduras is based mostly on agriculture, which accounts for 14% of its gross domestic product (GDP) in 2013.", "Economy of Honduras __knowledge__ Leading export coffee ($340 million) accounted for 22% of total Honduran export revenues.", "Economy of Honduras __knowledge__ Bananas, formerly the country's second-largest export until being virtually wiped out by 1998's Hurricane Mitch, recovered in 2000 to 57% of pre-Mitch levels.", "Economy of Honduras __knowledge__ Cultivated shrimp is another important export sector.", "Economy of Honduras __knowledge__ Since the late 1970s, towns in the north began industrial production through maquiladoras, especially in San Pedro Sula and Puerto Cortés.", "Economy of Honduras __knowledge__ Honduras has extensive forests, marine, and mineral resources, although widespread slash and burn agricultural methods continue to destroy Honduran forests.", "Income inequality in the United States __knowledge__ Income inequality in the United States has increased significantly since the 1970s after several decades of stability, meaning the share of the nation's income received by higher income households has increased.", "Income inequality in the United States __knowledge__ This trend is evident with income measured both before taxes (market income) as well as after taxes and transfer payments.", "Income inequality in the United States __knowledge__ Income inequality has fluctuated considerably since measurements began around 1915, moving in an arc between peaks in the 1920s and 2000s, with a 30-year period of relatively lower inequality between 1950–1980.", "Income inequality in the United States __knowledge__ Measured for all households, U.S. income inequality is comparable to other developed countries before taxes and transfers, but is among the highest after taxes and transfers, meaning the U.S. shifts relatively less income from higher income households to lower income households.", "Demographics of New Zealand __knowledge__ The demographics of New Zealand encompass the gender, ethnic, religious, geographic, and economic backgrounds of the million people living in New Zealand.", "Demographics of New Zealand __knowledge__ New Zealanders, informally known as \"Kiwis\", predominantly live in urban areas on the North Island.", "Demographics of New Zealand __knowledge__ The five largest cities are Auckland (with one-third of the country's population), Christchurch (in the South Island, the largest island of the New Zealand archipelago), Wellington, Hamilton and Tauranga.", "Demographics of New Zealand __knowledge__ Few New Zealanders live on New Zealand's smaller islands.", "Demographics of New Zealand __knowledge__ Waiheke Island (near Auckland) is easily the most populated smaller island with residents, while Great Barrier Island, the Chatham and Pitt Islands and Stewart Island each have populations below 1,000.", "Growth of religion __knowledge__ Growth of religion is the spread of religions and the increase of religious adherents around the world.", "Growth of religion __knowledge__ The statistics are commonly measured by the absolute number of adherents, the percentage of the absolute growth per year, and the growth of the number of converts in the world.", "Growth of religion __knowledge__ Projections of future religious adherence are based on assumptions that trends, total fertility rates, life expectancy, political climate, conversion rates, secularization, etc will continue.", "Growth of religion __knowledge__ Such forecasts cannot be validated empirically and are contentious, but are useful for comparison.", "Growth of religion __knowledge__ Studies in the 21st century show that, in terms of percentage and worldwide spread, Islam is the fastest-growing religion in the world.", "Pearl River Delta Economic Zone __knowledge__ The Pearl River Delta Economic Zone () (once called 粤江平原), is in the Pearl River Delta region, the expansive delta lands of the Pearl River at the South China Sea.", "Pearl River Delta Economic Zone __knowledge__ It consists of Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Dongguan, Foshan, Zhongshan, Zhuhai, Jiangmen, and parts of Huizhou and Zhaoqing, has been the most economically dynamic region of the Chinese Mainland since the launch of China's reform programme in 1979.", "Pearl River Delta Economic Zone __knowledge__ Adjacent Hong Kong and Macau are not part of the economic zone.", "Pearl River Delta Economic Zone __knowledge__ The 2008-20 plan, released by China's National Development and Reform Commission, is designed to boost the pan—Pearl River Delta as a \"center of advanced manufacturing and modern service industries,\" and as a \"center for international shipping, logistics, trade, conferences and exhibitions and tourism.\"", "New York City __knowledge__ The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ With an estimated 2016 population of 8,537,673 distributed over a land area of about , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world with an estimated 23.7 million residents as of 2016.", "New York City __knowledge__ A global power city, New York City has been described as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world, and exerts a significant impact upon commerce, entertainment, research, technology, education, politics, and sports.", "Pearl River Delta __knowledge__ The Pearl River Delta Metropolitan Region (PRD), also known as Zhujiang Delta or Zhusanjiao, is the low-lying area surrounding the Pearl River estuary, where the Pearl River flows into the South China Sea.", "Pearl River Delta __knowledge__ It is one of the most densely urbanized regions in the world and is an economic hub of China.", "Pearl River Delta __knowledge__ This region was also the source of much Chinese emigration from the 19th to the mid 20th centuries, including to the Western world, such as the US, Canada, Australia, Latin America, and much of Southeast Asia, where they formed many Chinatowns.", "Pearl River Delta __knowledge__ Today, much of the Chinese diaspora traces their ancestry to this region.", "Economy of Asia __knowledge__ The economy of Asia comprises more than 4.5 billion people (60% of the world population) living in 49 different nation states.", "Economy of Asia __knowledge__ Six further states lie partly in Asia, but are considered to belong to another region economically and politically.", "Economy of Asia __knowledge__ Asia is the fastest growing economic region as well as the largest continental economy by both GDP Nominal and PPP in the world.", "Economy of Asia __knowledge__ China and India are currently the first and third largest economies in Asia, respectively.", "Economy of Asia __knowledge__ Moreover, Asia is the site of some of the world's longest modern economic booms, starting from the Japanese economic miracle (1950–1990), Miracle on the Han River (1961–1996) in South Korea and the economic boom (1978–2013) in China.", "Fort Worth, Texas __knowledge__ Fort Worth () is the 16th-largest city in the United States and the fifth-largest city in the state of Texas.", "Fort Worth, Texas __knowledge__ The city is located in North Central Texas.", "Fort Worth, Texas __knowledge__ It is the county seat of Tarrant County, covering nearly into three other counties; Denton, Parker and Wise.", "Fort Worth, Texas __knowledge__ According to the 2016 census estimates, Fort Worth's population is 854,113.", "Fort Worth, Texas __knowledge__ The city is the in the Dallas–Fort Worth–Arlington metropolitan area (the \"DFW Metroplex\").", "Fort Worth, Texas __knowledge__ The city was established in 1849 as an Army outpost on a bluff overlooking the Trinity River.", "Fort Worth, Texas __knowledge__ Today, Fort Worth still embraces its Western heritage and traditional architecture and design." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ Austin () is the capital of the U.S. state of Texas and the seat of Travis County, with portions extending into Hays and Williamson counties.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ It is the 11th-most populous city in the United States and the 4th-most populous city in Texas.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ It is the fastest growing large city in the United States, the second most populous state capital after Phoenix, Arizona, and the southern-most state capital in the contiguous 48 states.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ As of the Census Bureau's July 1, 2016 estimate, Austin has a population of 947,890.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ Located in within greater Texas Hill Country, the city is home to numerous lakes, rivers, and waterways including Lady Bird Lake, Barton Springs, McKinney Falls, the Colorado River, Lake Travis, and Lake Walter E. Long.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ It is the cultural and economic center of the metropolitan statistical area, which had an estimated population of 2,056,405 as of July 1, 2016.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ In the 1830s, pioneers began to settle the area in central Austin along the Colorado River.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ In 1839, the site was chosen to replace Houston as the capital of the Republic of Texas and was incorporated under the name Waterloo.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ Shortly afterward, the name was changed to Austin in honor of Stephen F. Austin, the \"Father of Texas\" and the republic's first secretary of state.", "Alright (Kendrick Lamar song) __knowledge__ \"Alright\" is a song by American rapper Kendrick Lamar, taken from his third album \"To Pimp a Butterfly\" (2015).", "Alright (Kendrick Lamar song) __knowledge__ Lyrically a festive song about hope, it features uncredited vocals from the song's co-producer Pharrell Williams during the chorus.", "Alright (Kendrick Lamar song) __knowledge__ \"Alright\" was released to radio stations as the album's fourth single on June 30, 2015.", "Alright (Kendrick Lamar song) __knowledge__ Most music publications considered it among the best songs and videos of the year, highlighting their message in the social context of the time.", "Alright (Kendrick Lamar song) __knowledge__ \"Alright\" received four nominations at the 58th Grammy Awards: Song of the Year, Best Music Video, Best Rap Performance and Best Rap Song, winning the latter two.", "It's Alright, Ma (I'm Only Bleeding) __knowledge__ \"It's Alright, Ma (I'm Only Bleeding)\" is a song written and performed by Bob Dylan and first released on his 1965 album \"Bringing It All Back Home\".", "It's Alright, Ma (I'm Only Bleeding) __knowledge__ It was written in the summer of 1964, first performed live on October 10, 1964, and recorded on January 15, 1965.", "It's Alright, Ma (I'm Only Bleeding) __knowledge__ Described by Dylan biographer Howard Sounes as a \"grim masterpiece,\" the song features some of Dylan's most memorable lyrical images.", "It's Alright, Ma (I'm Only Bleeding) __knowledge__ Among the well-known lines sung in the song are \"He not busy being born is busy dying,\" \"Money doesn't talk, it swears,\" \"Although the masters make the rules, for the wisemen and the fools\" and \"But even the president of the United States sometimes must have to stand naked.\"", "Alright, Still __knowledge__ Alright, Still is the debut studio album by English singer and songwriter Lily Allen, released on 13 July 2006 by Regal Recordings.", "Alright, Still __knowledge__ After being rejected by several labels, Allen signed to London Records, who eventually lost interest in Allen, leading her to meet production duo Future Cut and sign to Regal Recordings.", "Alright, Still __knowledge__ Recording for the album began in 2004 with sessions between Allen and Future Cut, and Allen's work garnered publicity on the Internet as she posted demos to her Myspace account before they were officially released.", "Alright, Still __knowledge__ Allen later travelled to the United States to work with Greg Kurstin and Mark Ronson, to complete the final half of the album in 2006.", "Jesus Is Just Alright __knowledge__ \"Jesus Is Just Alright\" is a gospel song written by Arthur Reid Reynolds and first recorded by Reynolds' own group, The Art Reynolds Singers, on their 1966 album, \"Tellin' It Like It Is\".", "Jesus Is Just Alright __knowledge__ The song's title makes use of the American slang term \"all-right\", which during the 1960s was used to describe something that was considered 'cool' or very good.", "Jesus Is Just Alright __knowledge__ The song has been covered by a number of bands and artists over the years, including The Byrds, Underground Sunshine, The Doobie Brothers, Alexis Korner, The Ventures, DC Talk, Stryper, Shelagh McDonald, and Robert Randolph (featuring Eric Clapton).", "Jesus Is Just Alright __knowledge__ The first cover version of the song was recorded by the Los Angeles band The Byrds on their 1969 album, \"Ballad of Easy Rider\".", "Be Alright (Ariana Grande song) __knowledge__ \"Be Alright\" is a song by recorded by American singer Ariana Grande for her third studio album \"Dangerous Woman\" (2016).", "Be Alright (Ariana Grande song) __knowledge__ The singer co-wrote the track with Tommy Brown, Victoria McCants, Khaled Rohaim, Nicholas Audino, Lewis Hughes and Willie Tafa, while its production was handled by Twice as Nice and Brown.", "Be Alright (Ariana Grande song) __knowledge__ The song was released as the first promotional single from the album on March 18, 2016.", "Be Alright (Ariana Grande song) __knowledge__ In terms of music, \"Be Alright\" is inspired by 1990's deep house and also influences from R&B and Chicago house.", "Be Alright (Ariana Grande song) __knowledge__ Lyrically, it is a carefree song about being optimistic.", "Be Alright (Ariana Grande song) __knowledge__ It was performed live for the first time on \"Saturday Night Live\", with choreography inspired by the vogue style of ballroom culture, the same choreography was adopted by Grande during her Dangerous Woman Tour where the song served as opening track.", "It'll Be Alright on the Night __knowledge__ It'll Be Alright on the Night is a British television bloopers show screened on ITV and produced by ITV Studios.", "It'll Be Alright on the Night __knowledge__ It was one of the first shows created with the specific purpose of showing behind the scenes bloopers from film and TV and has been running since 18 September 1977.", "It'll Be Alright on the Night __knowledge__ The show was presented by Denis Norden from 1977 until 2006.", "It'll Be Alright on the Night __knowledge__ Griff Rhys Jones has been the presenter since 2008.", "It'll Be Alright on the Night __knowledge__ The show is usually one hour in length and aired in ITV's Saturday evening entertainment slot.", "It'll Be Alright on the Night __knowledge__ However, some of the first few episodes up to and including \"It'll Be Alright on the Night 6\", which aired in 1990, originally went out on a Sunday evening.", "I Should Coco __knowledge__ I Should Coco is the debut studio album by English alternative rock band Supergrass, released through Parlophone in May 1995.", "I Should Coco __knowledge__ Supergrass were formed in 1993 by Gaz Coombes, Mick Quinn and Danny Goffey and they released their debut single from the album, \"Caught by the Fuzz\", in May 1995 on the small independent local label Backbeat Records and was re-released with Parlophone.", "I Should Coco __knowledge__ The title of the album is cockney rhyming slang for \"I should think so\".", "I Should Coco __knowledge__ \"I Should Coco\" was recorded in Cornwall and produced by Sam Williams, who had been impressed by the band while scouting in Oxford.", "I Should Coco __knowledge__ At the height of the Britpop era, the album became the band's most successful release when it reached number one on the UK Albums Chart, and subsequently gained platinum status, selling over a million copies worldwide and 500,000 in the UK.", "Puerto Rico __knowledge__ Puerto Rico (Spanish for \"Rich Port\"), officially the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico (, \"Free Associated State of Puerto Rico\") and briefly called Porto Rico, is an unincorporated territory of the United States located in the northeast Caribbean Sea.", "Puerto Rico __knowledge__ An archipelago among the Greater Antilles, Puerto Rico includes the main island of Puerto Rico and a number of smaller ones, such as Mona, Culebra, and Vieques.", "Puerto Rico __knowledge__ The capital and most populous city is San Juan.", "Puerto Rico __knowledge__ Its official languages are Spanish and English, though Spanish predominates.", "Puerto Rico __knowledge__ The island's population is approximately 3.4 million.", "Puerto Rico __knowledge__ Puerto Rico's history, tropical climate, natural scenery, traditional cuisine, and tax incentives make it a destination for travelers from around the world.", "Austin Area School District __knowledge__ The Austin Area School District is a rural, public school district.", "Austin Area School District __knowledge__ It serves the Austin Boro as well as Keating, Portage, Sylvania and Wharton townships in Potter County, Pennsylvania.", "Austin Area School District __knowledge__ Austin Area School District encompasses approximately .", "Austin Area School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, it served a resident population of 1,214 people.", "Austin Area School District __knowledge__ By 2010, the District served a resident population of 1,279 people.", "Austin Area School District __knowledge__ The educational attainment levels for the Austin Area School District population (25 years old and over) were 92% high school graduates and 7.5% college graduates.", "Austin Area School District __knowledge__ The District is one of the 500 public school districts of Pennsylvania.", "Texas __knowledge__ Texas (, ; ) is the second-largest state in the United States by both area and population.", "Texas __knowledge__ Geographically located in the South Central region of the country, Texas shares borders with the U.S. states of Louisiana to the east, Arkansas to the northeast, Oklahoma to the north, New Mexico to the west, and the Mexican states of Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, and Tamaulipas to the southwest, while the Gulf of Mexico is to the southeast.", "Texas __knowledge__ Houston is the most populous city in Texas and the fourth largest in the U.S., while San Antonio is the second-most populous in the state and seventh largest in the U.S. Dallas–Fort Worth and Greater Houston are the fourth and fifth largest metropolitan statistical areas in the country, respectively.", "Economy of Costa Rica __knowledge__ The economy of Costa Rica has been very stable for some years now, with continuing growth in the GDP (Gross Domestic Product) and moderate inflation, though with a high unemployment rate: 8.2% in 2016.", "Economy of Costa Rica __knowledge__ The economy emerged from recession in 1997 and has shown strong aggregate growth since then.", "Economy of Costa Rica __knowledge__ The estimated GDP for 2017 is US$61.5 billion, up significantly from the US$52.6 billion in 2015 while the estimated 2017 per capita (purchasing power parity) is US$12,382.", "Economy of Costa Rica __knowledge__ Inflation remained around 4% to 5% per annum for several years up to 2015 but then dropped to 0.7% in 2016; it was expected to rise to a still moderate 2.8% by the end of 2017 In 2017, Costa Rica has one of the highest standards of living in Central America in spite of the high poverty level, which dropped by 1.2% in 2017 to 20.5% thanks to reducing inflation and benefits offered by the government.", "Murfreesboro, Tennessee __knowledge__ Murfreesboro is a city in, and the county seat of, Rutherford County, Tennessee, United States.", "Murfreesboro, Tennessee __knowledge__ The population was 108,755 according to the 2010 census, up from 68,816 residents certified in 2000.", "Murfreesboro, Tennessee __knowledge__ In 2016, census estimates showed a population of 131,947.", "Murfreesboro, Tennessee __knowledge__ The city is the center of population of Tennessee, located southeast of downtown Nashville in the Nashville metropolitan area of Middle Tennessee.", "Murfreesboro, Tennessee __knowledge__ It is Tennessee's fastest growing major city and one of the fastest growing cities in the country.", "Murfreesboro, Tennessee __knowledge__ Murfreesboro is also home to Middle Tennessee State University, the second largest undergraduate university in the state of Tennessee, with 22,729 total students as of fall 2014.", "South Bend – Mishawaka metropolitan area __knowledge__ The South Bend–Mishawaka Metropolitan Statistical Area, sometimes referred to as Michiana, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of two counties – one in northern Indiana (St. Joseph) and one in southwest Michigan (Cass), anchored by the cities of South Bend and Mishawaka in Indiana.", "South Bend – Mishawaka metropolitan area __knowledge__ As of the 2010 census, the MSA had a population of 319,224 (though a July 1, 2016 estimate placed the population at 320,740).", "South Bend – Mishawaka metropolitan area __knowledge__ As of the census of 2000, there were 316,663 people, 120,419 households, and 81,096 families residing within the MSA.", "South Bend – Mishawaka metropolitan area __knowledge__ The racial makeup of the MSA was 83.46% White, 10.59% African American, 0.43% Native American, 1.21% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 2.27% from other races, and 2.00% from two or more races." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ Austin () is the capital of the U.S. state of Texas and the seat of Travis County, with portions extending into Hays and Williamson counties.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ It is the 11th-most populous city in the United States and the 4th-most populous city in Texas.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ It is the fastest growing large city in the United States, the second most populous state capital after Phoenix, Arizona, and the southern-most state capital in the contiguous 48 states.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ As of the Census Bureau's July 1, 2016 estimate, Austin has a population of 947,890.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ Located in within greater Texas Hill Country, the city is home to numerous lakes, rivers, and waterways including Lady Bird Lake, Barton Springs, McKinney Falls, the Colorado River, Lake Travis, and Lake Walter E. Long.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ It is the cultural and economic center of the metropolitan statistical area, which had an estimated population of 2,056,405 as of July 1, 2016.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ In the 1830s, pioneers began to settle the area in central Austin along the Colorado River.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ In 1839, the site was chosen to replace Houston as the capital of the Republic of Texas and was incorporated under the name Waterloo.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ Shortly afterward, the name was changed to Austin in honor of Stephen F. Austin, the \"Father of Texas\" and the republic's first secretary of state.", "The Odd Way Home __knowledge__ The Odd Way Home is a 2013 independent film directed by Rajeev Nirmalakhandan.", "The Odd Way Home __knowledge__ This drama follows a troubled woman, Maya (Rumer Willis), on the run from an abusive boyfriend, who accidentally robs an old woman and steals a delivery truck, only to find the back of the truck has been converted into a bedroom by Duncan (Chris Marquette), a high-functioning autistic twenty-something.", "The Odd Way Home __knowledge__ Through a picaresque road-trip to Duncan's only-living relative, the two develop a friendship and an understanding of what family really is.", "The Odd Way Home __knowledge__ The film world premiered at the 2013 Austin Film Festival.", "The Odd Way Home __knowledge__ \"The Odd Way Home\" was released on VOD by Breaking Glass Pictures on June 3, 2014.", "Bebop __knowledge__ Bebop or bop is a style of jazz developed in the early to mid-1940s in the United States, which features songs characterized by a fast tempo, complex chord progressions with rapid chord changes and numerous changes of key, instrumental virtuosity, and improvisation based on a combination of harmonic structure, the use of scales and occasional references to the melody.", "Bebop __knowledge__ Bebop developed as the younger generation of jazz musicians expanded the creative possibilities of jazz beyond the popular, dance-oriented swing style with a new \"musician's music\" that was not as danceable and demanded close listening.", "Pretty. Odd. __knowledge__ Pretty.", "Pretty. Odd. __knowledge__ Odd.", "Pretty. Odd. __knowledge__ is the second studio album by American rock band Panic at the Disco.", "Pretty. Odd. __knowledge__ Recorded at the Studio at the Palms in Paradise, Nevada with additional production at Abbey Road Studios in London with producer Rob Mathes, the album was released March 25, 2008 on Decaydance and Fueled by Ramen.", "Pretty. Odd. __knowledge__ Inspired by baroque pop and the works of The Beatles and The Beach Boys, the psychedelic-styled rock album differs greatly from the techno-influenced pop punk of \"A Fever You Can't Sweat Out\" (2005).", "Pretty. Odd. __knowledge__ To begin work on the record, Panic at the Disco retreated to a cabin in the rural mountains of Mount Charleston, in the group's native state of Nevada.", "Toby Flenderson __knowledge__ Toby Flenderson, M.S.W.", "Toby Flenderson __knowledge__ (born in 1971) is a fictional character on the U.S. comedy television series, \"The Office\".", "Toby Flenderson __knowledge__ He is portrayed by the show's writer, director, producer and showrunner Paul Lieberstein, and is an original character with no equivalent in The Office (UK TV series).", "Toby Flenderson __knowledge__ Toby Flenderson is the human resources representative for the Scranton branch of paper distributor Dunder Mifflin/Sabre.", "Toby Flenderson __knowledge__ Mild-mannered to the point of being physically incapable to voice his opinions or assert himself, Toby can be somewhat mournful about his life choices (he fell into the field of Human Resources after leaving his training at seminary in order to pursue the woman he'd later marry and painfully divorce).", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters in Laurell K. Hamilton's \"\" series of novels.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The title character, Anita Blake starts as a human with the power of necromancy.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She joins the organization Animators, Inc. as an animator: a person who raises zombies) and a vampire executioner.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ In later volumes, she acquires some powers that are commonly associated with vampires.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She contracts the lycanthropy viruses which makes her associate with were-creatures.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She also grows powers as a succubus.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ Bert is the founder and managing partner of Animators, Inc. Over 6 feet tall and built like a former athlete, Bert is an unscrupulous boss who is inclined to sign the animators up for almost any job if the price is right.", "National Football League on television __knowledge__ The television rights to broadcast National Football League (NFL) games are the most lucrative and expensive rights of any American sport.", "National Football League on television __knowledge__ Television brought professional football into prominence in the modern era after World War II.", "National Football League on television __knowledge__ Since then, National Football League broadcasts have become among the most-watched programs on American television, and the financial fortunes of entire networks have rested on owning NFL broadcasting rights.", "National Football League on television __knowledge__ This has raised questions about the impartiality of the networks' coverage of games and whether they can criticize the NFL without fear of losing the rights and their income.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Elvis Aaron Presley (January 8, 1935 – August 16, 1977) was an American singer, musician, and actor.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Regarded as one of the most significant cultural icons of the 20th century, he is often referred to as the \"King of Rock and Roll\" or simply \"the King\".", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Presley was born in Tupelo, Mississippi, and relocated to Memphis, Tennessee, with his family when he was 13 years old.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ His music career began there in 1954, recording at Sun Records with producer Sam Phillips, who wanted to bring the sound of African American music to a wider audience.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Accompanied by guitarist Scotty Moore and bassist Bill Black, Presley was a pioneer of rockabilly, an uptempo, backbeat-driven fusion of country music and rhythm and blues.", "Phoenix, Arizona __knowledge__ Phoenix () is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. state of Arizona.", "Phoenix, Arizona __knowledge__ With 1,615,017 people (), Phoenix is the fifth most populous city nationwide, the most populous state capital in the United States, and the only state capital with a population of more than one million residents.", "Phoenix, Arizona __knowledge__ Phoenix is the anchor of the Phoenix metropolitan area, also known as the Valley of the Sun, which in turn is a part of the Salt River Valley.", "Phoenix, Arizona __knowledge__ The metropolitan area is the 12th largest by population in the United States, with approximately 4.3 million people .", "Phoenix, Arizona __knowledge__ In addition, Phoenix is the seat of Maricopa County and, at 517.9 square miles (1,341 km), it is the largest city in the state, more than twice the size of Tucson and one of the largest cities in the United States.", "Denver __knowledge__ Denver (), officially the City and County of Denver, is the capital and most populous municipality of the U.S. state of Colorado.", "Denver __knowledge__ Denver is in the South Platte River Valley on the western edge of the High Plains just east of the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains.", "Denver __knowledge__ The Denver downtown district is immediately east of the confluence of Cherry Creek with the South Platte River, approximately east of the foothills of the Rocky Mountains.", "Denver __knowledge__ Denver is nicknamed the \"Mile High City\" because its official elevation is exactly one mile () above sea level, making it the highest major city in the United States.", "Iran __knowledge__ Iran ( ), also known as Persia (), officially the Islamic Republic of Iran ( ), is a sovereign state in Western Asia.", "Iran __knowledge__ With over 81 million inhabitants, Iran is the world's 18th-most-populous country.", "Iran __knowledge__ Comprising a land area of , it is the second-largest country in the Middle East and the 17th-largest in the world.", "Iran __knowledge__ Iran is bordered to the northwest by Armenia, the Republic of Azerbaijan, and the Azerbaijani exclave of Nakhchivan; to the north by the Caspian Sea; to the northeast by Turkmenistan; to the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan; to the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman; and to the west by Turkey and Iraq.", "Illinois __knowledge__ Illinois ( ) is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States.", "Illinois __knowledge__ It is the 6th most populous state and 25th largest state in terms of land area, and is often noted as a microcosm of the entire country.", "Illinois __knowledge__ With Chicago in the northeast, small industrial cities and great agricultural productivity in central and northern Illinois, and natural resources like coal, timber, and petroleum in the south, Illinois has a diverse economic base and is a major transportation hub.", "Illinois __knowledge__ The Port of Chicago connects the state to other global ports from the Great Lakes, via the Saint Lawrence Seaway, to the Atlantic Ocean, as well as the Great Lakes to the Mississippi River, via the Illinois Waterway.", "Texas __knowledge__ Texas (, ; ) is the second-largest state in the United States by both area and population.", "Texas __knowledge__ Geographically located in the South Central region of the country, Texas shares borders with the U.S. states of Louisiana to the east, Arkansas to the northeast, Oklahoma to the north, New Mexico to the west, and the Mexican states of Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, and Tamaulipas to the southwest, while the Gulf of Mexico is to the southeast.", "Texas __knowledge__ Houston is the most populous city in Texas and the fourth largest in the U.S., while San Antonio is the second-most populous in the state and seventh largest in the U.S. Dallas–Fort Worth and Greater Houston are the fourth and fifth largest metropolitan statistical areas in the country, respectively.", "San Antonio __knowledge__ San Antonio ( Spanish for \"Saint Anthony\"), officially the City of San Antonio, is the seventh most populous city in the United States and the second most populous city in both Texas and the Southern United States.", "San Antonio __knowledge__ Founded as a Spanish mission and colonial outpost in 1718, the city became the first chartered civil settlement in Texas in 1731, making it the state's oldest municipality.", "San Antonio __knowledge__ The city's deep history is contrasted with its rapid growth: it was the fastest-growing of the top ten largest cities in the United States from 2000 to 2010, and the second from 1990 to 2000.", "San Antonio __knowledge__ Straddling the regional divide between South and Central Texas, San Antonio anchors the southwestern corner of an urban megaregion colloquially known as the \"Texas Triangle\"." ] ]

[ 2, 3, 4, 2, 6 ]

[ "Of course yes, it is the 11th-most populous city in the United States and the 4th-most populous city in Texas.", "Well as at this moment It is the fastest growing large city in the United States", "I do not know that but i know As of the Census Bureau's July 1, 2016 estimate, Austin is with a population of 947,890", "I grew up in the 11th-most populous city in the United States , Austin", "No. I do not live there any more. even though it is cultural and economic center of the metropolitan statistical area" ]

[ "Austin, Texas", "Austin, Texas", "Austin, Texas", "Austin, Texas", "Austin, Texas" ]

[ "Honda Civic\nHonda Civics are pretty plain looking, but they are also really reliable and popular cars right?", "I didn't really know there was subcategories like that, but cool!", "I had no idea! Are there different types of Civics or just one?", "What's the difference between the turbocharged and normal one?", "Wow, so these changes were all made for the sake of making it faster?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ The Honda Civic is a line of cars manufactured by Honda.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ Originally a subcompact, the Civic has gone through several generational changes, becoming both larger and more upmarket and moving into the compact car segment.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ EPA guidelines for vehicle size class stipulate a car having combined passenger and cargo room of is considered a mid-size car, and as such the tenth generation Civic sedan is technically a small-end mid-size car, although it still competes in the compact class.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ The Civic coupe is still considered a compact car.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ The Civic currently falls between the Honda Fit and Accord.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ The first Civic was introduced in July 1972 as a two-door model, followed by a three-door hatchback that September.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ With an 1169 cc transverse engine and front-wheel drive like the British Mini, the car provided good interior space despite overall small dimensions.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ Initially gaining a reputation for being fuel-efficient, reliable, and environmentally friendly, later iterations have become known for performance and sportiness, especially the Civic Type R, Civic VTi, Civic GTi and Civic SiR/Si.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ The Civic has been repeatedly rebadged for international markets, and served as the basis for the Honda CR-X, the Honda CR-X del Sol, the Concerto, the first generation Prelude, the Civic Shuttle (later to become the Orthia), and the CR-V.", "Honda Civic (ninth generation) __knowledge__ The ninth generation Honda Civic was launched in the North American market in April 2011, Europe in February 2012, and Asia in early 2012.", "Honda Civic (ninth generation) __knowledge__ In May 2010, the ninth-generation Civic was said to be delayed into 2011 because of changing market conditions and tougher fuel economy and emissions regulations.", "Honda Civic (ninth generation) __knowledge__ The Civic was originally planned to become bigger, but after the collapse of Lehman Brothers and the global credit crisis in 2008, Honda wanted to make the car smaller, lighter and more fuel-efficient, while increasing space inside.", "Honda Civic (ninth generation) __knowledge__ On December 13, 2010, Honda unveiled a sketch of the new ninth-generation Civic which was described as \"energetic, sleek and aerodynamic.\"", "Honda Civic (sixth generation) __knowledge__ The sixth-generation Honda Civic was introduced in 1995 with 3-door hatchback, 4-door sedan and 2-door coupe body-styles, replicating its predecessor's line-up.", "Honda Civic (sixth generation) __knowledge__ A 5-door hatchback was also produced to replace the Honda Concerto hatchback in Europe but this model, while using the same design language as the rest of the Civic range, was quite distinct, instead being a hatchback version of the Honda Domani, sharing that car's platform which was related to the fifth-generation (EG/EH/EJ) Civic.", "Honda Civic (sixth generation) __knowledge__ The Domani replaced the sedan version of the Concerto in Japan while the sedan version of the Concerto was directly replaced by the sixth-generation Civic sedan in other markets.", "Honda Civic (first generation) __knowledge__ The first generation Honda Civic is an automobile which was produced by Honda in Japan from July 1972 to 1979.", "Honda Civic (first generation) __knowledge__ Honda began selling the 1169 cc (70 in³) transversely mounted inline-four engine Civic for about US$2,200.", "Honda Civic (first generation) __knowledge__ The Civic was largely developed as a new platform, and was the result of taking the previous Honda N600 and increasing the length, width, height, and wheelbase.", "Honda Civic (first generation) __knowledge__ The engine displacement was almost double the previous N600 (599 cc) at 1,170 cc, with two more cylinders added.", "Honda Civic (first generation) __knowledge__ The car produced roughly 50 hp (37 kW) and included power front disc brakes, vinyl seating, reclining bucket seats, and a woodgrain-accented dashboard which has many similarities to the later Rover SD1.", "Honda Civic (eighth generation) __knowledge__ The eighth generation of the Honda Civic was introduced in September 2005, for the 2006 model year.", "Honda Civic (eighth generation) __knowledge__ This generation introduced the \"two-tier\" instrument panel.", "Honda Civic (eighth generation) __knowledge__ In many countries (USA, UK, New Zealand), all models (including the base model) come standard with power windows, anti-lock brakes (ABS), and side/curtain airbags (for a total of six airbags).", "Honda Civic (eighth generation) __knowledge__ Additionally, the 2006 models acquired ULEV-2 (Ultra Low Emission Vehicle) certification and boast a more powerful 1.8-litre engine than the 2005 counterparts while retaining almost equal fuel economy.", "Honda Civic (eighth generation) __knowledge__ In the North American market, the sedan and coupe styles are available, which were designed in Japan and Ohio, respectively.", "2012 British Touring Car Championship __knowledge__ The 2012 Dunlop MSA British Touring Car Championship was a multi-event motor racing championship for production-based touring cars held across England and Scotland.", "2012 British Touring Car Championship __knowledge__ The championship features a mix of professional motor racing teams and privately funded amateur drivers competing in highly modified versions of family cars which are sold to the general public and conform to the technical regulations for the championship.", "2012 British Touring Car Championship __knowledge__ It is one of the most popular domestic motor racing series in the United Kingdom, with an extensive program of support categories built up around the BTCC centrepiece.", "2012 British Touring Car Championship __knowledge__ It was the 55th British Touring Car Championship (BTCC) season.", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda has been the world's largest motorcycle manufacturer since 1959, as well as the world's largest manufacturer of internal combustion engines measured by volume, producing more than 14 million internal combustion engines each year.", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda became the second-largest Japanese automobile manufacturer in 2001.", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda was the eighth largest automobile manufacturer in the world behind Toyota, Volkswagen Group, Hyundai Motor Group, General Motors, Ford, Nissan, and Fiat Chrysler Automobiles in 2015.", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda was the first Japanese automobile manufacturer to release a dedicated luxury brand, Acura, in 1986." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ The Honda Civic is a line of cars manufactured by Honda.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ Originally a subcompact, the Civic has gone through several generational changes, becoming both larger and more upmarket and moving into the compact car segment.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ EPA guidelines for vehicle size class stipulate a car having combined passenger and cargo room of is considered a mid-size car, and as such the tenth generation Civic sedan is technically a small-end mid-size car, although it still competes in the compact class.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ The Civic coupe is still considered a compact car.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ The Civic currently falls between the Honda Fit and Accord.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ The first Civic was introduced in July 1972 as a two-door model, followed by a three-door hatchback that September.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ With an 1169 cc transverse engine and front-wheel drive like the British Mini, the car provided good interior space despite overall small dimensions.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ Initially gaining a reputation for being fuel-efficient, reliable, and environmentally friendly, later iterations have become known for performance and sportiness, especially the Civic Type R, Civic VTi, Civic GTi and Civic SiR/Si.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ The Civic has been repeatedly rebadged for international markets, and served as the basis for the Honda CR-X, the Honda CR-X del Sol, the Concerto, the first generation Prelude, the Civic Shuttle (later to become the Orthia), and the CR-V.", "Chinna Anuppanadi __knowledge__ Chinna Anuppanadi is a census town in Madurai district in the state of Tamil Nadu, India.", "Chinna Anuppanadi __knowledge__ India census, Chinna Anuppanadi had a population of 15,415.", "Chinna Anuppanadi __knowledge__ Males constitute 51% of the population and females 49%.", "Chinna Anuppanadi __knowledge__ Chinna Anuppanadi has an average literacy rate of 70%, higher than the national average of 59.5%; with male literacy of 77% and female literacy of 63%.", "Chinna Anuppanadi __knowledge__ 11% of the population is under 6 years of age.", "Chinna Anuppanadi __knowledge__ NEYA NARPANI MANDRAM", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Voice type __knowledge__ A voice type is a particular human singing voice identified as having certain qualities or characteristics of vocal range, vocal weight, tessitura, vocal timbre, and vocal transition points (\"passaggio\"), such as breaks and lifts within the voice.", "Voice type __knowledge__ Other considerations are physical characteristics, speech level, scientific testing, and vocal register.", "Voice type __knowledge__ A singer's voice type is identified by a process known as voice classification, by which the human voice is evaluated and thereby designated into a particular voice type.", "Voice type __knowledge__ The discipline of voice classification developed within European classical music and is not generally applicable to other forms of singing.", "Gary Wilson (musician) __knowledge__ Gary Wilson (born October 1953) is an experimental musician/performance artist best known for his 1977 album \"You Think You Really Know Me\", after which he promptly retired from recording and performing concerts.", "Gary Wilson (musician) __knowledge__ He slowly gained a strong cult following during the 1980s and 1990s, and in the early 2000s became active again.", "Gary Wilson (musician) __knowledge__ Born on The North Side of Endicott, New York, Gary Wilson was one of four siblings, the others being Larry, David and Patti.", "Gary Wilson (musician) __knowledge__ The children kept several ducks as pets.", "Gary Wilson (musician) __knowledge__ His father worked for IBM during the day, and by night played stand-up bass in a lounge band whose act played the same hotel approximately four nights a week for 25 years.", "Metamorphosis (Hilary Duff album) __knowledge__ Metamorphosis is the second studio album by American singer Hilary Duff.", "Metamorphosis (Hilary Duff album) __knowledge__ The album was released on August 26, 2003 by Hollywood Records as a follow up to her holiday album, \"Santa Claus Lane\" (2002).", "Metamorphosis (Hilary Duff album) __knowledge__ According to Duff, the album incorporates elements of pop and rock music, and it represents changes that are specific to her life and that everyone experiences.", "Metamorphosis (Hilary Duff album) __knowledge__ Duff worked with several producers on the album such as The Matrix who worked with Latin Pop Singer, Myra, also signed to Hollywood Records prior.", "Metamorphosis (Hilary Duff album) __knowledge__ Others who collaborated on the album include Chico Bennett, Matthew Gerrard, John Shanks, and his frequent writing partner Kara DioGuardi.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "You Think You Really Know Me __knowledge__ You Think You Really Know Me is the debut album by American experimental music icon Gary Wilson.", "You Think You Really Know Me __knowledge__ It was reissued by Motel Records in 2002.", "You Think You Really Know Me __knowledge__ \"You Think You Really Know Me\" did not gain substantial attention upon its initial 1977 release.", "You Think You Really Know Me __knowledge__ Though re-released again in 1979, to little fanfare, the album eventually gained a cult following.", "You Think You Really Know Me __knowledge__ In the late 1990s, Beck namechecked Wilson in one of his most popular songs, \"Where It's At.\"", "You Think You Really Know Me __knowledge__ Feeding Tube Records described the album as \"the sound of a 23 year old oddball from upstate New York, wrestling with his demons and actually winning.", "You Think You Really Know Me __knowledge__ There’s nothing quite like it.", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda has been the world's largest motorcycle manufacturer since 1959, as well as the world's largest manufacturer of internal combustion engines measured by volume, producing more than 14 million internal combustion engines each year.", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda became the second-largest Japanese automobile manufacturer in 2001.", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda was the eighth largest automobile manufacturer in the world behind Toyota, Volkswagen Group, Hyundai Motor Group, General Motors, Ford, Nissan, and Fiat Chrysler Automobiles in 2015.", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda was the first Japanese automobile manufacturer to release a dedicated luxury brand, Acura, in 1986.", "Honda City __knowledge__ The Honda City is a compact car which has been produced by the Japanese manufacturer Honda since 1981.", "Honda City __knowledge__ Originally made for the Japanese, European and Australasian markets, the subcompact City 3-door hatchback was retired in 1994 after the second generation.", "Honda City __knowledge__ The nameplate was revived in 1996 for use on a series of compact four-door sedans aimed primarily at developing markets, first mainly sold in Asia outside Japan but later also in Latin America and Australia.", "Honda City __knowledge__ From 2002 to 2008, the City was also sold as the Honda Fit Aria in Japan.", "Honda City __knowledge__ Since then, it has been a compact sedan built on Honda's Global Small Car platform, which is shared with the Fit/Jazz (a five-door hatchback), the Airwave/Partner (a wagon/panel van version of the Fit Aria/City), the Mobilio, and the Mobilio Spike—all of which share the location of the fuel tank under the front seats rather than rear seats.", "Honda Fit __knowledge__ The Honda Fit, also marketed as the Honda Jazz, is a five-door, front-engine, front-wheel drive B-segment subcompact car manufactured and marketed by Honda since 2001 and now in its third generation.", "Honda Fit __knowledge__ Marketed worldwide and manufactured at ten plants in eight countries, sales reached almost 5 million by mid-2013.", "Honda Fit __knowledge__ Sharing Honda's global small-car platform with the City, Airwave, Mobilio, Mobilio Spike, Freed and Freed Spike, the Fit is noted for its one-box or monospace with an interior design concept that achieves a re-configurable cargo volume competitive with larger vehicles.", "Honda Fit __knowledge__ Honda released hybrid petrol-electric versions of the Fit in Japan in October 2010 and in Europe in early 2011.", "Honda Accord __knowledge__ The Honda Accord is a series of automobiles manufactured by Honda since 1976, best known for its four-door sedan variant, which has been one of the best-selling cars in the United States since 1989.", "Honda Accord __knowledge__ The Accord nameplate has been applied to a variety of vehicles worldwide, including coupes, wagons, hatchbacks and a crossover.", "Honda Accord __knowledge__ Since initiation, Honda has offered several different car body styles and versions of the Accord, and often vehicles marketed under the Accord nameplate concurrently in different regions differ quite substantially.", "Honda Accord __knowledge__ It debuted in 1976 as a compact hatchback, though this style only lasted through 1989, as the line-up was expanded to include a sedan, coupé, and wagon.", "Honda Insight __knowledge__ The Honda Insight is a hybrid electric vehicle that was manufactured and marketed by Honda in its first generation as a three-door, two passenger hatchback (1999–2006) and in its second generation as a five-door, five passenger hatchback (2009–2014).", "Honda Insight __knowledge__ The Insight was the first production vehicle to feature Honda's Integrated Motor Assist system.", "Honda Insight __knowledge__ The first generation Insight is the most fuel efficient gasoline-powered car available in the U.S. without plug-in capability for the length of its production run.", "Honda Insight __knowledge__ EPA estimates were 61 City/70 Highway/65 Combined.", "Honda Insight __knowledge__ However, that was under the old EPA standards.", "Honda Civic (ninth generation) __knowledge__ The ninth generation Honda Civic was launched in the North American market in April 2011, Europe in February 2012, and Asia in early 2012.", "Honda Civic (ninth generation) __knowledge__ In May 2010, the ninth-generation Civic was said to be delayed into 2011 because of changing market conditions and tougher fuel economy and emissions regulations.", "Honda Civic (ninth generation) __knowledge__ The Civic was originally planned to become bigger, but after the collapse of Lehman Brothers and the global credit crisis in 2008, Honda wanted to make the car smaller, lighter and more fuel-efficient, while increasing space inside.", "Honda Civic (ninth generation) __knowledge__ On December 13, 2010, Honda unveiled a sketch of the new ninth-generation Civic which was described as \"energetic, sleek and aerodynamic.\"" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ The Honda Civic is a line of cars manufactured by Honda.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ Originally a subcompact, the Civic has gone through several generational changes, becoming both larger and more upmarket and moving into the compact car segment.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ EPA guidelines for vehicle size class stipulate a car having combined passenger and cargo room of is considered a mid-size car, and as such the tenth generation Civic sedan is technically a small-end mid-size car, although it still competes in the compact class.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ The Civic coupe is still considered a compact car.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ The Civic currently falls between the Honda Fit and Accord.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ The first Civic was introduced in July 1972 as a two-door model, followed by a three-door hatchback that September.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ With an 1169 cc transverse engine and front-wheel drive like the British Mini, the car provided good interior space despite overall small dimensions.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ Initially gaining a reputation for being fuel-efficient, reliable, and environmentally friendly, later iterations have become known for performance and sportiness, especially the Civic Type R, Civic VTi, Civic GTi and Civic SiR/Si.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ The Civic has been repeatedly rebadged for international markets, and served as the basis for the Honda CR-X, the Honda CR-X del Sol, the Concerto, the first generation Prelude, the Civic Shuttle (later to become the Orthia), and the CR-V.", "Civilization VI __knowledge__ Sid Meier's Civilization VI is a turn-based strategy 4X video game developed by Firaxis Games, published by 2K Games, and distributed by Take-Two Interactive.", "Civilization VI __knowledge__ A part of the \"Civilization\" series, it was released on Microsoft Windows and macOS in October 2016, with later ports for Linux in February 2017 and iOS in December 2017.", "Civilization VI __knowledge__ As with other games in the series, the goal for the player is to lead their fledgling civilization from an early settlement through many millennia to become a world power and achieve one of several victory conditions, such as through military power, technological superiority, diplomatic leadership, or cultural influence, over the other human and computer controlled opponents.", "ICivics __knowledge__ iCivics, inc. (formerly Our Courts) is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization in the United States that provides educational online games and lesson plans to promote civics education and encourage students to become active citizens.", "ICivics __knowledge__ iCivics was founded in 2008 by retired Supreme Court of the United States Justice Sandra Day O'Connor.", "ICivics __knowledge__ iCivics’s stated mission is to “ensure every student receives a high-quality civic education, and becomes engaged in – and beyond – the classroom.” iCivics, inc. is supported by private donations and grants and had annual expenses of $2.2 million in 2015.", "ICivics __knowledge__ Among the top contributors were the Gates Foundation and the MacArthur Foundation.", "Global civics __knowledge__ Global civics suggests to understand civics in a global sense as a social contract among all world citizens in an age of interdependence and interaction.", "Global civics __knowledge__ The disseminators of the concept define it as the notion that we have certain rights and responsibilities towards each other by the mere fact of being human on Earth.", "Global civics __knowledge__ The advocates of the notion attempt to demonstrate that it is possible to imagine global civics.", "Global civics __knowledge__ According to this notion, in an increasingly interdependent world, the world citizens need a compass that would frame mindsets on a global scale, and create a shared consciousness and sense of global responsibility related to specific world issues such as environmental problems and nuclear proliferation.", "Honda Civic (eighth generation) __knowledge__ The eighth generation of the Honda Civic was introduced in September 2005, for the 2006 model year.", "Honda Civic (eighth generation) __knowledge__ This generation introduced the \"two-tier\" instrument panel.", "Honda Civic (eighth generation) __knowledge__ In many countries (USA, UK, New Zealand), all models (including the base model) come standard with power windows, anti-lock brakes (ABS), and side/curtain airbags (for a total of six airbags).", "Honda Civic (eighth generation) __knowledge__ Additionally, the 2006 models acquired ULEV-2 (Ultra Low Emission Vehicle) certification and boast a more powerful 1.8-litre engine than the 2005 counterparts while retaining almost equal fuel economy.", "Honda Civic (eighth generation) __knowledge__ In the North American market, the sedan and coupe styles are available, which were designed in Japan and Ohio, respectively.", "Disability sport classification __knowledge__ Disability sports classification is a system that allows for fair competition between people with different types of disabilities.", "Disability sport classification __knowledge__ Historically, the process has been by two groups: specific disability type sport organizations that cover multiple sports, and specific sport organizations that cover multiple disability types including amputations, cerebral palsy, deafness, intellectual impairments, les autres and short stature, vision impairments, spinal cord injuries, and other disabilities not covered by these groups.", "Disability sport classification __knowledge__ Within specific disability types, some of the major organizations have been CPISRA has for cerebral palsy and head injuries, ISMWSF for spinal cord injuries, ISOD for orthopaedic conditions and amputees, INAS for people with intellectual disabilities, and IBSA for blind and vision impaired athletes.", "Strauss–Howe generational theory __knowledge__ The Strauss–Howe generational theory, created by authors William Strauss and Neil Howe, describes a theorized recurring generation cycle in American history.", "Strauss–Howe generational theory __knowledge__ Strauss and Howe laid the groundwork for their theory in their 1991 book \"Generations\", which discusses the history of the United States as a series of generational biographies going back to 1584.", "Strauss–Howe generational theory __knowledge__ In their 1997 book \"The Fourth Turning\", the authors expanded the theory to focus on a fourfold cycle of generational types and recurring mood eras in American history.", "Strauss–Howe generational theory __knowledge__ They have since expanded on the concept in a variety of publications.", "Strauss–Howe generational theory __knowledge__ The theory was developed to describe the history of the United States, including the 13 colonies and their British antecedents, and this is where the most detailed research has been done.", "Honda Accord __knowledge__ The Honda Accord is a series of automobiles manufactured by Honda since 1976, best known for its four-door sedan variant, which has been one of the best-selling cars in the United States since 1989.", "Honda Accord __knowledge__ The Accord nameplate has been applied to a variety of vehicles worldwide, including coupes, wagons, hatchbacks and a crossover.", "Honda Accord __knowledge__ Since initiation, Honda has offered several different car body styles and versions of the Accord, and often vehicles marketed under the Accord nameplate concurrently in different regions differ quite substantially.", "Honda Accord __knowledge__ It debuted in 1976 as a compact hatchback, though this style only lasted through 1989, as the line-up was expanded to include a sedan, coupé, and wagon.", "Honda Civic (tenth generation) __knowledge__ The tenth generation Honda Civic was released in October 2015 worldwide, replacing the ninth generation Honda Civic.", "Honda Civic (tenth generation) __knowledge__ The Civic is based on an all-new Honda compact global platform.", "Honda Civic (tenth generation) __knowledge__ It utilizes higher grade steel, the unit body is lighter than the prior model and the center of gravity has been reduced .", "Honda Civic (tenth generation) __knowledge__ The sedan's wheelbase is longer with rear disc brakes made standard.", "Honda Civic (tenth generation) __knowledge__ To minimize NVH the Civic adds fluid-filled suspension bushings.", "Honda Civic (tenth generation) __knowledge__ A dual pinion steering system is introduced along with a thicker and more rigid diameter steering column for improved steering feel, additionally the steering gear ratio is variable, with 2.2 turns lock-to-lock compared to 3.1 turns lock-to-lock from the previous model and a quicker 10.93:1 steering ratio.", "Lincoln Continental __knowledge__ The Lincoln Continental is a series of luxury cars produced by Lincoln, a division of the American automaker Ford Motor Company.", "Lincoln Continental __knowledge__ First introduced in 1939 as a coachbuilt convertible for Edsel Ford, the Continental nameplate has been in use by Lincoln across ten generations of vehicles for various times over nearly 80 years.", "Lincoln Continental __knowledge__ The Continental nameplate is derived from the original 1939 convertible, intended to adapt European \"continental\" exterior styling elements to the body and chassis of the Lincoln-Zephyr.", "Lincoln Continental __knowledge__ Following its launch, the Lincoln Continental would become the progenitor of an entirely new automotive segment, the personal luxury car.", "Chevrolet Impala __knowledge__ The Chevrolet Impala ) is a full-size car built by Chevrolet for model years 1958–85, 1994–96, and since 2000 onwards.", "Chevrolet Impala __knowledge__ The Impala was Chevrolet's most expensive passenger model through 1965, and had become the best-selling automobile in the United States.", "Chevrolet Impala __knowledge__ For its debut in 1958, the Impala was distinguished from other models by its symmetrical triple taillights, which returned from 1960–96.", "Chevrolet Impala __knowledge__ The Caprice was introduced as a top-line Impala Sport Sedan for model year 1965, later becoming a separate series positioned above the Impala in 1966, which, in turn, remained above the Bel Air and the Biscayne.", "Daihatsu Hijet __knowledge__ The Daihatsu Hijet is a cabover microvan and pickup truck produced and sold by the Japanese automaker Daihatsu since 1960.", "Daihatsu Hijet __knowledge__ Despite the similarities between the Hijet name and Toyota's naming scheme for its trucks and vans (Hiace and Hilux), the name \"Hijet\" has been in use for Daihatsu's Kei trucks and Microvans since 1960, over two decades before Toyota took control.", "Daihatsu Hijet __knowledge__ \"Hijet\", when transliterated into Japanese, is very similar to \"Midget\", one of Daihatsu's other mini-trucks.", "Daihatsu Hijet __knowledge__ The Hijet competes in Japan with the Honda Acty, Subaru Sambar, Mitsubishi Minicab, Suzuki Carry and the Nissan Clipper.", "Compact car __knowledge__ A compact car (North America), or small family car in British acceptation, is a classification of cars that are larger than a subcompact car but smaller than a mid-size car, roughly equivalent to the C-segment in Europe.", "Compact car __knowledge__ Current compact car size, as defined by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), for the US and for international models respectively, is approximately and long for hatchbacks, or and long for convertibles, sedans (saloon) or station wagons (estate car).", "Compact car __knowledge__ Multi-purpose vehicles and sport utility vehicles based on small family cars (often called compact MPVs and compact SUVs) have similar sizes, ranging from to in the U.S., and from to in international-based models." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ The Honda Civic is a line of cars manufactured by Honda.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ Originally a subcompact, the Civic has gone through several generational changes, becoming both larger and more upmarket and moving into the compact car segment.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ EPA guidelines for vehicle size class stipulate a car having combined passenger and cargo room of is considered a mid-size car, and as such the tenth generation Civic sedan is technically a small-end mid-size car, although it still competes in the compact class.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ The Civic coupe is still considered a compact car.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ The Civic currently falls between the Honda Fit and Accord.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ The first Civic was introduced in July 1972 as a two-door model, followed by a three-door hatchback that September.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ With an 1169 cc transverse engine and front-wheel drive like the British Mini, the car provided good interior space despite overall small dimensions.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ Initially gaining a reputation for being fuel-efficient, reliable, and environmentally friendly, later iterations have become known for performance and sportiness, especially the Civic Type R, Civic VTi, Civic GTi and Civic SiR/Si.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ The Civic has been repeatedly rebadged for international markets, and served as the basis for the Honda CR-X, the Honda CR-X del Sol, the Concerto, the first generation Prelude, the Civic Shuttle (later to become the Orthia), and the CR-V.", "Volvo Modular engine __knowledge__ The Volvo Modular Engine is a family of straight-four, straight-five, and straight-six automobile piston engines that was produced by Volvo Cars in Skövde, Sweden from 1990 until 2016.", "Volvo Modular engine __knowledge__ All engines feature an aluminum engine block and aluminum cylinder head, forged steel connecting rods, aluminum pistons and double overhead camshafts.", "Volvo Modular engine __knowledge__ The \"Volvo Modular Engine\" was developed as part of \"Project Galaxy\" which began in the late 1970s.", "Volvo Modular engine __knowledge__ The prototype engines called \"X-100\" had only four cylinders but already featured the sandwich and all aluminum construction of the later production variants.", "Volvo Modular engine __knowledge__ Early prototypes of the \"X-100\" were designed similar to the existing redblock engines with a single camshaft and the oilfilter mounted on the side of the engine rather than the bottom.", "Subaru Impreza __knowledge__ The is a compact family car that has been manufactured since 1992 by Subaru, introduced as a replacement for the Leone, with the predecessor's EA series engines replaced by the new EJ series.", "Subaru Impreza __knowledge__ Now in its fifth generation, Subaru has offered four-door sedan and five-door body variants since 1992; the firm also offered a coupe from 1995 until 2001, and a 5 door wagon from the Impreza's introduction in the form of a hatchback.", "Subaru Impreza __knowledge__ Mainstream versions have received \"boxer\" flat-four engines ranging from 1.5- to 2.5-liters, with the performance-oriented Impreza WRX and WRX STI models uprated with the addition of turbochargers.", "Turbocharger __knowledge__ A turbocharger, or colloquially turbo, is a turbine-driven forced induction device that increases an internal combustion engine's efficiency and power output by forcing extra air into the combustion chamber.", "Turbocharger __knowledge__ This improvement over a naturally aspirated engine's power output is due to the fact that the compressor can force more air—and proportionately more fuel—into the combustion chamber than atmospheric pressure (and for that matter, ram air intakes) alone.", "Turbocharger __knowledge__ Turbochargers were originally known as turbosuperchargers when all forced induction devices were classified as superchargers.", "Turbocharger __knowledge__ Today the term \"supercharger\" is typically applied only to mechanically driven forced induction devices.", "Supercharger __knowledge__ A supercharger is an air compressor that increases the pressure or density of air supplied to an internal combustion engine.", "Supercharger __knowledge__ This gives each intake cycle of the engine more oxygen, letting it burn more fuel and do more work, thus increasing power.", "Supercharger __knowledge__ Power for the supercharger can be provided mechanically by means of a belt, gear, shaft, or chain connected to the engine's crankshaft.", "Supercharger __knowledge__ Common usage restricts the term \"supercharger\" to mechanically driven units; when power is instead provided by a turbine powered by exhaust gas, a supercharger is known as a \"turbocharger\" or just a \"turbo\" - or in the past a \"turbosupercharger\".", "Subaru Legacy (first generation) __knowledge__ The first generation Subaru Legacy is a mid-size family car / wagon developed by Fuji Heavy Industries.", "Subaru Legacy (first generation) __knowledge__ The Legacy was an all new model, and was considered a notable departure from Subaru products in the past.", "Subaru Legacy (first generation) __knowledge__ The worldwide introduction of the Legacy sedan and wagon was achieved in 1989.", "Subaru Legacy (first generation) __knowledge__ The earlier sedan and wagon are becoming more rare and collectables especially the earlier wagons.", "Subaru Legacy (first generation) __knowledge__ Subaru had earned a reputation of building vehicles that were regarded as \"quirky\" while other Asian manufacturers were bringing more upscale and conventional appearing models to the market.", "Subaru Legacy (first generation) __knowledge__ The Legacy was different and became a solid production that changed Subaru's reputation.", "Reference range __knowledge__ In health-related fields, a reference range or reference interval is the range of values for a physiologic measurement in healthy persons (for example, the amount of creatinine in the blood, or the partial pressure of oxygen).", "Reference range __knowledge__ It is a basis for comparison (a frame of reference) for a physician or other health professional to interpret a set of test results for a particular patient.", "Reference range __knowledge__ Some important reference ranges in medicine are reference ranges for blood tests and reference ranges for urine tests.", "Reference range __knowledge__ The standard definition of a reference range (usually referred to if not otherwise specified) originates in what is most prevalent in a reference group taken from the general (i.e.", "History of Formula One __knowledge__ Formula One automobile racing has its roots in the European Grand Prix championships of the 1920s and 1930s, though the foundation of the modern Formula One began in 1946 with the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile's (FIA) standardisation of rules, which was followed by a World Championship of Drivers in 1950.", "History of Formula One __knowledge__ The sport's history parallels the evolution of its technical regulations.", "History of Formula One __knowledge__ In addition to the world championship series, non-championship Formula One races were held for many years, the last held in 1983 due to the rising cost of competition.", "History of Formula One __knowledge__ National championships existed in South Africa and the United Kingdom in the 1960s and 1970s.", "Honda Civic Type R __knowledge__ The Honda Civic Type R is the highest performance version of the Honda Civic made by Honda Motor Company of Japan.", "Honda Civic Type R __knowledge__ It features a lightened and stiffened body, specially tuned engine and upgraded brakes and chassis.", "Honda Civic Type R __knowledge__ Red is also used in the badge interior to give it a special sporting distinction and to separate it from other Honda models.", "Honda Civic Type R __knowledge__ In Japan, there is a one-make series of Honda Type R cars where a privateer can purchase an off-road Type R and compete in a series championship, which is a stepping stone for many aspiring racing drivers.", "Honda Civic Type R __knowledge__ The first Civic to receive the 'Type R' name was based on the 6th-generation fan-base 'EK' Civic.", "Honda Civic (eighth generation) __knowledge__ The eighth generation of the Honda Civic was introduced in September 2005, for the 2006 model year.", "Honda Civic (eighth generation) __knowledge__ This generation introduced the \"two-tier\" instrument panel.", "Honda Civic (eighth generation) __knowledge__ In many countries (USA, UK, New Zealand), all models (including the base model) come standard with power windows, anti-lock brakes (ABS), and side/curtain airbags (for a total of six airbags).", "Honda Civic (eighth generation) __knowledge__ Additionally, the 2006 models acquired ULEV-2 (Ultra Low Emission Vehicle) certification and boast a more powerful 1.8-litre engine than the 2005 counterparts while retaining almost equal fuel economy.", "Honda Civic (eighth generation) __knowledge__ In the North American market, the sedan and coupe styles are available, which were designed in Japan and Ohio, respectively.", "Honda Type R __knowledge__ Honda Type R models are special performance editions of their respective model families.", "Honda Type R __knowledge__ The design of Type R models was originally focused on race conditions, with an emphasis on minimizing weight, and maximizing performance potential (e.g.", "Honda Type R __knowledge__ engine tuning, suspension set-up).", "Honda Type R __knowledge__ Thus, Type R models were first conceived for racetracks.", "Honda Type R __knowledge__ However, due to Honda's increased focus on their highly regarded VTEC engines, Type R vehicles were eventually designed for a much wider market.", "Honda Type R __knowledge__ Type R vehicles traditionally have a red Honda badge and Championship White paint as an option, as a tribute to their first winning F1 car.", "Honda Civic (tenth generation) __knowledge__ The tenth generation Honda Civic was released in October 2015 worldwide, replacing the ninth generation Honda Civic.", "Honda Civic (tenth generation) __knowledge__ The Civic is based on an all-new Honda compact global platform.", "Honda Civic (tenth generation) __knowledge__ It utilizes higher grade steel, the unit body is lighter than the prior model and the center of gravity has been reduced .", "Honda Civic (tenth generation) __knowledge__ The sedan's wheelbase is longer with rear disc brakes made standard.", "Honda Civic (tenth generation) __knowledge__ To minimize NVH the Civic adds fluid-filled suspension bushings.", "Honda Civic (tenth generation) __knowledge__ A dual pinion steering system is introduced along with a thicker and more rigid diameter steering column for improved steering feel, additionally the steering gear ratio is variable, with 2.2 turns lock-to-lock compared to 3.1 turns lock-to-lock from the previous model and a quicker 10.93:1 steering ratio.", "Honda Civic (seventh generation) __knowledge__ The seventh generation of the Honda Civic is an automobile which was produced by Honda from 2000 to 2005.", "Honda Civic (seventh generation) __knowledge__ It was released in September 2000 as a 2001 model.", "Honda Civic (seventh generation) __knowledge__ Compared to its predecessor, it retained similar exterior dimensions, but increased significantly in interior space thus bumping up Civic to a compact car size segment.", "Honda Civic (seventh generation) __knowledge__ There was a flat rear floor, giving better comfort to the rear seat passengers.", "Honda Civic (seventh generation) __knowledge__ This generation abandoned the front double wishbone suspension, which had been used in the fourth to sixth generations, replacing it with MacPherson strut.", "Honda Civic (seventh generation) __knowledge__ At its introduction in 2000, it won the Car of the Year Japan Award for a record fourth time, and it won the Japan Automotive Researchers' and Journalists' Conference Car of the Year award in 2001.", "Honda Civic Si __knowledge__ The Honda Civic Si is a sport compact trim of Civic by Honda.", "Honda Civic Si __knowledge__ The Si (Sport Injected) trim was introduced for the third generation of Honda Civics in both Japan and North America.", "Honda Civic Si __knowledge__ In Canada and elsewhere the trim became known as the SiR for the sixth and seventh generations, and the Si trim was equivalent to the USDM EX model.", "Honda Civic Si __knowledge__ For the Japanese and European markets, the Civic Type R was adopted as the high-performance variant of the Civic, starting with the EK9 hatch for Japan in 1996 and then with the EP3 hatch for Europe in 2001.", "Honda Civic Si __knowledge__ In North America the Type R name was never used until the 2017 model year with the launch of the Honda Civic Type R. Previous to this the Si label was the highest in North America(except for Acura vehicles)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ The Honda Civic is a line of cars manufactured by Honda.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ Originally a subcompact, the Civic has gone through several generational changes, becoming both larger and more upmarket and moving into the compact car segment.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ EPA guidelines for vehicle size class stipulate a car having combined passenger and cargo room of is considered a mid-size car, and as such the tenth generation Civic sedan is technically a small-end mid-size car, although it still competes in the compact class.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ The Civic coupe is still considered a compact car.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ The Civic currently falls between the Honda Fit and Accord.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ The first Civic was introduced in July 1972 as a two-door model, followed by a three-door hatchback that September.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ With an 1169 cc transverse engine and front-wheel drive like the British Mini, the car provided good interior space despite overall small dimensions.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ Initially gaining a reputation for being fuel-efficient, reliable, and environmentally friendly, later iterations have become known for performance and sportiness, especially the Civic Type R, Civic VTi, Civic GTi and Civic SiR/Si.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ The Civic has been repeatedly rebadged for international markets, and served as the basis for the Honda CR-X, the Honda CR-X del Sol, the Concerto, the first generation Prelude, the Civic Shuttle (later to become the Orthia), and the CR-V.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Sake __knowledge__ , also spelled \"saké\", ( or American English ) also referred to as a Japanese rice wine, is made by fermenting rice that has been polished to remove the bran.", "Sake __knowledge__ Unlike wine, in which alcohol is produced by fermenting sugar that is naturally present in fruit, typically grapes, sake is produced by a brewing process more akin to that of beer, where starch is converted into sugars which ferment into alcohol.", "Sake __knowledge__ The brewing process for \"sake\" differs from the process for beer in that, for beer, the conversion from starch to sugar and from sugar to alcohol occurs in two distinct steps.", "Sake __knowledge__ Like other rice wines, when \"sake\" is brewed, these conversions occur simultaneously.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "Women for the Wall __knowledge__ The conservative Women for the Wall, sometimes abbreviated as W4W, is a grassroots organization founded in April 2013, concerned with preserving Jewish tradition at the Western Wall, also known as the Kotel.", "Women for the Wall __knowledge__ The catalyst for the founding of Women for the Wall was lack of representation for the stand of traditional Jewish women in the controversy surrounding an alternative prayer group known as Women of the Wall (WoW).", "Women for the Wall __knowledge__ In the months leading to the establishment of W4W, Women of the Wall demanded to hold their services in the traditional women's section, rather than the Robinson's Arch area of the Kotel, where alternative prayer services are held.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Wow Mali is the longest-running, multi-awarded and top-rated gag show in the Philippines aired over TV5 hosted by Joey De Leon.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ The show was discontinued on May 2007 but some episodes still aired on \"Wow Mali Bytes\" and \"Wow Mali Express\".", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ On February 22, 2009, \"Wow Mali\" returned to TV5.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Following the network's second reformat after Holy Week, Wow Mali was set to return on April 6, 2009, airing every Wednesday at 7:30 PM.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ The show was again discontinued on September 1, 2010 and was replaced by a spin-off show, Wow Meganon which lasted until April 8, 2011.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Its third incarnation aired on April 11, 2011 and ended on February 26, 2012.", "Honda Civic Type R __knowledge__ The Honda Civic Type R is the highest performance version of the Honda Civic made by Honda Motor Company of Japan.", "Honda Civic Type R __knowledge__ It features a lightened and stiffened body, specially tuned engine and upgraded brakes and chassis.", "Honda Civic Type R __knowledge__ Red is also used in the badge interior to give it a special sporting distinction and to separate it from other Honda models.", "Honda Civic Type R __knowledge__ In Japan, there is a one-make series of Honda Type R cars where a privateer can purchase an off-road Type R and compete in a series championship, which is a stepping stone for many aspiring racing drivers.", "Honda Civic Type R __knowledge__ The first Civic to receive the 'Type R' name was based on the 6th-generation fan-base 'EK' Civic.", "Honda Civic (eighth generation) __knowledge__ The eighth generation of the Honda Civic was introduced in September 2005, for the 2006 model year.", "Honda Civic (eighth generation) __knowledge__ This generation introduced the \"two-tier\" instrument panel.", "Honda Civic (eighth generation) __knowledge__ In many countries (USA, UK, New Zealand), all models (including the base model) come standard with power windows, anti-lock brakes (ABS), and side/curtain airbags (for a total of six airbags).", "Honda Civic (eighth generation) __knowledge__ Additionally, the 2006 models acquired ULEV-2 (Ultra Low Emission Vehicle) certification and boast a more powerful 1.8-litre engine than the 2005 counterparts while retaining almost equal fuel economy.", "Honda Civic (eighth generation) __knowledge__ In the North American market, the sedan and coupe styles are available, which were designed in Japan and Ohio, respectively.", "Honda Accord __knowledge__ The Honda Accord is a series of automobiles manufactured by Honda since 1976, best known for its four-door sedan variant, which has been one of the best-selling cars in the United States since 1989.", "Honda Accord __knowledge__ The Accord nameplate has been applied to a variety of vehicles worldwide, including coupes, wagons, hatchbacks and a crossover.", "Honda Accord __knowledge__ Since initiation, Honda has offered several different car body styles and versions of the Accord, and often vehicles marketed under the Accord nameplate concurrently in different regions differ quite substantially.", "Honda Accord __knowledge__ It debuted in 1976 as a compact hatchback, though this style only lasted through 1989, as the line-up was expanded to include a sedan, coupé, and wagon.", "Subaru Impreza __knowledge__ The is a compact family car that has been manufactured since 1992 by Subaru, introduced as a replacement for the Leone, with the predecessor's EA series engines replaced by the new EJ series.", "Subaru Impreza __knowledge__ Now in its fifth generation, Subaru has offered four-door sedan and five-door body variants since 1992; the firm also offered a coupe from 1995 until 2001, and a 5 door wagon from the Impreza's introduction in the form of a hatchback.", "Subaru Impreza __knowledge__ Mainstream versions have received \"boxer\" flat-four engines ranging from 1.5- to 2.5-liters, with the performance-oriented Impreza WRX and WRX STI models uprated with the addition of turbochargers.", "Honda Type R __knowledge__ Honda Type R models are special performance editions of their respective model families.", "Honda Type R __knowledge__ The design of Type R models was originally focused on race conditions, with an emphasis on minimizing weight, and maximizing performance potential (e.g.", "Honda Type R __knowledge__ engine tuning, suspension set-up).", "Honda Type R __knowledge__ Thus, Type R models were first conceived for racetracks.", "Honda Type R __knowledge__ However, due to Honda's increased focus on their highly regarded VTEC engines, Type R vehicles were eventually designed for a much wider market.", "Honda Type R __knowledge__ Type R vehicles traditionally have a red Honda badge and Championship White paint as an option, as a tribute to their first winning F1 car.", "Honda Civic (sixth generation) __knowledge__ The sixth-generation Honda Civic was introduced in 1995 with 3-door hatchback, 4-door sedan and 2-door coupe body-styles, replicating its predecessor's line-up.", "Honda Civic (sixth generation) __knowledge__ A 5-door hatchback was also produced to replace the Honda Concerto hatchback in Europe but this model, while using the same design language as the rest of the Civic range, was quite distinct, instead being a hatchback version of the Honda Domani, sharing that car's platform which was related to the fifth-generation (EG/EH/EJ) Civic.", "Honda Civic (sixth generation) __knowledge__ The Domani replaced the sedan version of the Concerto in Japan while the sedan version of the Concerto was directly replaced by the sixth-generation Civic sedan in other markets.", "Shelby Mustang __knowledge__ The Shelby Mustang is a high performance variant of the Ford Mustang which was built by Shelby American from 1965 to 1968, and from 1969 to 1970 by Ford.", "Shelby Mustang __knowledge__ Following the introduction of the fifth generation Ford Mustang in 2005, the Shelby nameplate was revived as a new high-performance model, this time designed and built by Ford.", "Shelby Mustang __knowledge__ The 1965–1966 cars were the smallest and lightest of the GT 350 models.", "Shelby Mustang __knowledge__ These cars are often called \"Cobras\", which was the Ford-powered AC-based two-seat sports car also produced by Shelby American during the same period.", "Shelby Mustang __knowledge__ Both models use the Cobra emblem, similar paint scheme, and the optional \"Cobra\" valve covers on many GT350s that were part of a marketing tie-in by Shelby, as well as one of his iconic symbols." ] ]

[ 2, 3, 8, 41, 48 ]

[ "Sure, the Honda Civic was originally a subcompact but is now larger and considered compact.", "Yeah, the tenth generation Civic is technically a mid-size car but it competes in the compact class.", "The Civic Type R is a turbocharged version.", "Type R has a lightened body, specially tuned engine, upgraded chassis and brakes.", "Yes, for the high performance enthusiasts. In Japan there is an off-roal Type R racing league." ]

[ "Honda Civic", "Honda Civic", "Honda Civic", "Honda Civic", "Honda Civic" ]

[ "Pizza\nI love pizza so much it is yummy in my tummy mmmmmmm.", "Yes I actually worked at a Neapolitan pizza place that used Italian ingredients and made it in the tradition of Naples Italy.", "I didn't pay much attention at work lol, please tell me more about Neapolitan pizzas.", "Cool. Do you know any other styles of pizza?", "How long ago did deep dish become a thing?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "List of Kamen Rider OOO characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters of the 2010-2011 Japanese tokusatsu series \"Kamen Rider OOO\".", "List of Kamen Rider OOO characters __knowledge__ is a young man desire to helps others while traveling.", "List of Kamen Rider OOO characters __knowledge__ When he falls asleep during his part-time job at the museum, Eiji unwittingly becomes entangled in the chain of events that occurred after the Greeed were released and gains the ability to become to fight them.", "List of Kamen Rider OOO characters __knowledge__ Eiji Hino is portrayed by .", "List of Kamen Rider OOO characters __knowledge__ is the bird-type Greeed, a dishonest wildcard who sees people for their flaws and is at odds with the other Greeed.", "List of Kamen Rider OOO characters __knowledge__ Ankh also believes that he has the right to get whatever he wants and detests having to give something away.", "Yummy Fur (comics) __knowledge__ Yummy Fur (1983–1994) was a comic book by Canadian cartoonist Chester Brown.", "Yummy Fur (comics) __knowledge__ It contained a number of different comics stories which dealt with a wide variety of subjects.", "Yummy Fur (comics) __knowledge__ Its often-controversial content led to one printer and one distributor refusing to handle it.", "Yummy Fur (comics) __knowledge__ Some of Brown's best-known comics were first published in \"Yummy Fur\", including the surreal, taboo-breaking \"Ed the Happy Clown\" and the comics from his autobiographical period, which included the graphic novels \"The Playboy\" and \"I Never Liked You\".", "Yummy Fur (comics) __knowledge__ Also notable were the eccentric gospel adaptations that ran in most issues.", "Yummy Fur (comics) __knowledge__ The series and its collected volumes have won a number of awards, and have had a lasting influence on the world of alternative comics.", "Ed the Happy Clown __knowledge__ Ed the Happy Clown is a graphic novel by Canadian cartoonist Chester Brown.", "Ed the Happy Clown __knowledge__ Its title character is a large-headed, childlike children's clown who undergoes one horrifying affliction after another.", "Ed the Happy Clown __knowledge__ The story is a dark, humorous mix of genres and features scatological humour, sex, body horror, extreme graphic violence, and blasphemous religious imagery.", "Ed the Happy Clown __knowledge__ Central to the plot are a man who cannot stop defecating; the head of a miniature, other-dimensional Ronald Reagan attached to the head of Ed's penis; and a female vampire who seeks revenge on her adulterous lover who had murdered her to escape his sins.", "All the Wrong Clues for the Right Solution __knowledge__ All the Wrong Clues for the Right Solution () is a 1981 Hong Kong comedy film directed and co-written by Tsui Hark.", "All the Wrong Clues for the Right Solution __knowledge__ The film stars George Lam as Yoho, Karl Maka as Ah Capone and Teddy Robin Kwan as Inspector Robin.", "All the Wrong Clues for the Right Solution __knowledge__ Yoho is a down on his luck detective who find himself in trouble with the ganger Ah Capone who is planning to cheat elderly millionaires out of their stocks.", "All the Wrong Clues for the Right Solution __knowledge__ The film was Tsui's first commercial success and was the fourth highest grossing Hong Kong film of 1981.", "All the Wrong Clues for the Right Solution __knowledge__ It was nominated for five \"Golden Horse Awards\" and won three (Best Director, Best Cinematography and Best Editing).", "All the Wrong Clues for the Right Solution __knowledge__ The film was followed by a sequel in 1983 titled \"All the Wrong Spies\" directed by Teddy Robin Kwan.", "Chester Brown __knowledge__ Chester William David Brown (born 16 May 1960) is a Canadian cartoonist.", "Chester Brown __knowledge__ Brown has gone through several stylistic and thematic periods.", "Chester Brown __knowledge__ He gained notice in alternative comics circles in the 1980s for the surreal, scatological \"Ed the Happy Clown\" serial.", "Chester Brown __knowledge__ After bringing \"Ed\" to an abrupt end, he delved into confessional autobiographical comics in the early 1990s and was strongly associated with fellow Toronto-based cartoonists Seth and Joe Matt, and the contemporary autobiographical comics trend.", "Chester Brown __knowledge__ Two graphic novels came from this period: \"The Playboy\" (1992) and \"I Never Liked You\" (1994).", "Chester Brown __knowledge__ Surprise mainstream success in the 2000s came with \"Louis Riel\" (2003), a historical-biographical graphic novel about rebel Métis leader Louis Riel.", "Ohio Express __knowledge__ The Ohio Express is an American bubblegum pop band, formed in Mansfield, Ohio in 1967.", "Ohio Express __knowledge__ Though marketed as a band, it would be more accurate to say that the name \"Ohio Express\" served as a brand name used by Jerry Kasenetz's and Jeffrey Katz's Super K Productions to release the music of a number of different musicians and acts.", "Ohio Express __knowledge__ The best known songs of Ohio Express (including their best scoring single, \"Yummy Yummy Yummy\") were actually the work of an assemblage of studio musicians working out of New York, including singer/songwriter Joey Levine.", "Ohio Express __knowledge__ Several other \"Ohio Express\" hits were the work of other, unrelated musical groups, including the Rare Breed, and an early incarnation of 10cc.", "Chester Brown's autobiographical comics __knowledge__ Canadian cartoonist Chester Brown attracted the attention of critics and peers in the early 1990s alternative comics world when he began publishing autobiographical comics in his comic book \"Yummy Fur\".", "Chester Brown's autobiographical comics __knowledge__ During this period Brown produced a number of short strips and two graphic novels: \"The Playboy\" (1992) and \"I Never Liked You\" (1994).", "Chester Brown's autobiographical comics __knowledge__ The personal and revealing deal with Brown's social awkwardness and introversion, and the artwork and page layouts are minimal and organic.", "Chester Brown's autobiographical comics __knowledge__ In 2011 Brown returned to autobiography with \"Paying for It\", an account of his experience with prostitutes.", "Chester Brown's autobiographical comics __knowledge__ The \"Yummy Fur\" autobiographical stories have been collected–the short stories in \"The Little Man\" (1998), and the graphic novels \"The Playboy\" (1992) and \"Fuck\" as \"I Never Liked You\" (1994, revised 2002)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "Naples __knowledge__ Naples (; , Neapolitan: \"Napule\" or ; ; , meaning \"new city\") is the capital of the Italian region Campania and the third-largest municipality in Italy after Rome and Milan.", "Naples __knowledge__ In 2015, around 975,260 people lived within the city's administrative limits.", "Naples __knowledge__ The Metropolitan City of Naples had a population of 3,115,320.", "Naples __knowledge__ Naples is the 9th-most populous urban area in the European Union with a population of between 3 million and 3.7 million.", "Naples __knowledge__ About 4.4 million people live in the Naples metropolitan area, the second in Italy after Milan and one of the largest metropolises on the Mediterranean Sea.", "Naples __knowledge__ Naples is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The history of pizza begins in antiquity, when various ancient cultures produced flatbreads with toppings.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The precursor of pizza was probably the focaccia, a flat bread known to the Romans as \"panis focacius\", to which toppings were then added.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza developed in Naples, when tomato was added to the focaccia in the late 18th century.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The word \"pizza\" was first documented in AD 997 in Gaeta and successively in different parts of Central and Southern Italy.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Pizza was mainly eaten in the country of Italy and by emigrants from there.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ This changed after World War II, when Allied troops stationed in Italy came to enjoy pizza along with other Italian foods.", "Neapolitan cuisine __knowledge__ Neapolitan cuisine has ancient historical roots that date back to the Greco-Roman period, which was enriched over the centuries by the influence of the different cultures that controlled Naples and its kingdoms, such as that of Aragon and France.", "Neapolitan cuisine __knowledge__ Since Naples was the capital of the Kingdom of Naples, its cuisine took much from the culinary traditions of all the Campania region, reaching a balance between dishes based on rural ingredients (pasta, vegetables, cheese) and seafood dishes (fish, crustaceans, mollusks).", "Neapolitan cuisine __knowledge__ A vast variety of recipes is influenced by the local aristocratic cuisine, such as \"timballo\" and the \"\", pasta or rice dishes with very elaborate preparation, and dishes from popular traditions prepared with inexpensive but nutritionally healthy ingredients, like \"pasta e fagioli\" (pasta with beans) and other pasta dishes with vegetables.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Uruguayan cuisine is a fusion of cuisines of several European countries, with a particular emphasis on Mediterranean food from Spain, Italy, Portugal and France.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Other possible influences on the cuisine may result from immigration from countries such as Germany and Britain.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The food is very similar to Argentine cuisine.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The base of the country's diet is meat and animal products, mostly coming from beef but also chicken, lamb, pig and sometimes fish.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Uruguayan gastronomy came from immigration, and did not come from the Amerindians, because the new colonies did not trust the natives.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The preferred cooking methods for meats and vegetables are still boiling and roasting, but with modernization also came frying (see milanesas and chivitos).", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "King Vitaman __knowledge__ King Vitaman is a brand of sweetened breakfast cereal produced by Quaker Oats and sold in the United States.", "King Vitaman __knowledge__ The cereal entered the marketplace in 1968, and although it has changed mascots over the years, it is still in production.", "King Vitaman __knowledge__ King Vitaman Cereal boasts high vitamin and iron content, in addition to a more modest amount of sugar (only 6 grams per serving—more popular breakfast cereals, such as Cap'n Crunch and Lucky Charms contain 13 grams or more).", "King Vitaman __knowledge__ The early television commercials for the cereal were animated by Jay Ward Productions, the creators of \"Rocky and Bullwinkle\".", "King Vitaman __knowledge__ The advertising featured King Vitaman (voiced by character actor Joe Flynn) and his knights: Sir Laffitup & Sir Cravenleigh and their foes Blue Baron (voiced by Paul Frees) & Not-So-Bright Knight.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas traditions vary from country to country.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas celebrations for many nations include the installing and lighting of Christmas trees, the hanging of Advent wreaths, Christmas stockings, candy canes, and the creation of Nativity scenes depicting the birth of Jesus Christ.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas carols may be sung and stories told about such figures as the Baby Jesus, St Nicholas, Santa Claus, Father Christmas, Christkind or Grandfather Frost.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ The sending and exchange of Christmas card greetings, observance of fasting and special religious observances such as a midnight Mass or Vespers on Christmas Eve, the burning of a Yule log, and the giving and receiving of presents.", "Breaded cutlet __knowledge__ Breaded cutlet is a dish made from coating a cutlet of meat with breading or batter and either frying or baking it.", "Breaded cutlet __knowledge__ Breaded cutlet is known as schnitzel in German-speaking countries, cotoletta or scaloppine in Italy, escalope in France, \"filete empanado\" in Spain, milanesa in Latin America, katsu in Japan and Korea, and kotlet in Poland.", "Breaded cutlet __knowledge__ Chicken fingers or chicken tenders are an American dish prepared by breading and deep frying the pectoralis minor muscle of the chicken, which is the smaller cut of the chicken breast located along its underside, attached to the ribs.", "Breaded cutlet __knowledge__ Chicken fried steak (also known as country fried steak) is an American breaded cutlet dish that may have originated with German and Austrian immigrants to Texas in the 19th century.", "Offal __knowledge__ Offal , also called variety meats, pluck or organ meats, refers to the internal organs and entrails of a butchered animal.", "Offal __knowledge__ The word does not refer to a particular list of edible organs, which varies by culture and region, but includes most internal organs excluding muscle and bone.", "Offal __knowledge__ As an English mass noun, the term \"offal\" has no plural form.", "Offal __knowledge__ Some cultures strongly consider offal as food to be taboo, while others use it as everyday food, or in delicacies.", "Offal __knowledge__ Certain offal dishes—including \"foie gras\", \"pâté\" and sweetbread—are considered gourmet food in international cuisine.", "Offal __knowledge__ Others remain part of traditional regional cuisine and may be consumed especially in connection with holidays." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The history of pizza begins in antiquity, when various ancient cultures produced flatbreads with toppings.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The precursor of pizza was probably the focaccia, a flat bread known to the Romans as \"panis focacius\", to which toppings were then added.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza developed in Naples, when tomato was added to the focaccia in the late 18th century.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The word \"pizza\" was first documented in AD 997 in Gaeta and successively in different parts of Central and Southern Italy.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Pizza was mainly eaten in the country of Italy and by emigrants from there.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ This changed after World War II, when Allied troops stationed in Italy came to enjoy pizza along with other Italian foods.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ This Is England '86 is a 2010 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne, a spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\".", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Set three years later, it focuses on the mod revival scene rather than the skinhead subculture, with the gang variously adopting an eclectic mix of clothing styles.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Like the film version previously, Thomas Turgoose stars as Shaun, with central roles played by Joe Gilgun as Woody, now a scooter-riding mod, although girlfriend Lol (Vicky McClure) and her friend Trev stay loyal to their roots and still wear the skinhead garb.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Lol's sister Kelly has gone new wave/punk, while other gang members adopt psychobilly, early chav and mohican influences.", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that were introduced in CBBC's \"The Story of Tracy Beaker\".", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ The series is based on the book of the same name by Jacqueline Wilson.", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ It ran on for five series from 2002 to 2005.", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ The series was followed by \"Tracy Beaker Returns\" that ran for three series from 2010 to 2012 and then \"The Dumping Ground\" that has aired since 2013.", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ Connor Byrne has played the role of Mike Milligan for all three programmes.", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ Dani Harmer and Lisa Coleman reprised their roles as Tracy Beaker and Cam Lawson for \"Tracy Beaker Returns\".", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ Tracy Beaker, played by actress Dani Harmer, is the main (and title) character throughout \"The Story of Tracy Beaker\" and \"Tracy Beaker Returns\".", "Mandolin __knowledge__ A mandolin ( ; literally \"small mandola\") is a stringed musical instrument in the lute family and is usually plucked with a plectrum or \"pick\".", "Mandolin __knowledge__ It commonly has four courses of doubled metal strings tuned in unison (8 strings), although five (10 strings) and six (12 strings) course versions also exist.", "Mandolin __knowledge__ The courses are normally tuned in a succession of perfect fifths.", "Mandolin __knowledge__ It is the soprano member of a family that includes the mandola, octave mandolin, mandocello and mandobass.", "Mandolin __knowledge__ There are many styles of mandolin, but three are common, the \"Neapolitan\" or \"round-backed\" mandolin, the \"carved-top\" mandolin and the \"flat-backed\" mandolin.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ This Is England '90 is a 2015 British TV drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne and produced by Warp Films.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ A spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\", it is also a sequel to the series \"This Is England '86\" and \"This Is England '88\".", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ \"This Is England '90\" was originally due in late 2012, but in July 2012, Meadows announced that the production had been put on hold in order for him to complete his The Stone Roses, and the actors were still waiting for confirmation as to when filming would start.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ In March 2014, Meadows confirmed that shooting would start later in the year although he had not yet finished the script.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Neapolitan cuisine __knowledge__ Neapolitan cuisine has ancient historical roots that date back to the Greco-Roman period, which was enriched over the centuries by the influence of the different cultures that controlled Naples and its kingdoms, such as that of Aragon and France.", "Neapolitan cuisine __knowledge__ Since Naples was the capital of the Kingdom of Naples, its cuisine took much from the culinary traditions of all the Campania region, reaching a balance between dishes based on rural ingredients (pasta, vegetables, cheese) and seafood dishes (fish, crustaceans, mollusks).", "Neapolitan cuisine __knowledge__ A vast variety of recipes is influenced by the local aristocratic cuisine, such as \"timballo\" and the \"\", pasta or rice dishes with very elaborate preparation, and dishes from popular traditions prepared with inexpensive but nutritionally healthy ingredients, like \"pasta e fagioli\" (pasta with beans) and other pasta dishes with vegetables.", "Naples __knowledge__ Naples (; , Neapolitan: \"Napule\" or ; ; , meaning \"new city\") is the capital of the Italian region Campania and the third-largest municipality in Italy after Rome and Milan.", "Naples __knowledge__ In 2015, around 975,260 people lived within the city's administrative limits.", "Naples __knowledge__ The Metropolitan City of Naples had a population of 3,115,320.", "Naples __knowledge__ Naples is the 9th-most populous urban area in the European Union with a population of between 3 million and 3.7 million.", "Naples __knowledge__ About 4.4 million people live in the Naples metropolitan area, the second in Italy after Milan and one of the largest metropolises on the Mediterranean Sea.", "Naples __knowledge__ Naples is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world.", "Neapolitan pizza __knowledge__ Neapolitan pizza (Italian: \"pizza napoletana\") is a style of pizza made with tomatoes and mozzarella cheese.", "Neapolitan pizza __knowledge__ It must be made with San Marzano tomatoes, which grow on the volcanic plains to the south of Mount Vesuvius, and Mozzarella di Bufala Campana, a protected designation of origin cheese made with the milk from water buffalo raised in the marshlands of Campania and Lazio in a semi-wild state.", "Neapolitan pizza __knowledge__ Neapolitan pizza is a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed (TSG) product in Europe, the art of its making is included on UNESCO's list of intangible cultural heritage.", "Neapolitan pizza __knowledge__ According to the rules proposed by the \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\", the genuine Neapolitan pizza dough consists of wheat flour (type \"0\" or \"00\", or a mixture of both), natural Neapolitan yeast or brewer's yeast, salt and water." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ Domino’s Pizza, Inc. is an American pizza restaurant chain founded in 1960.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ The corporation is headquartered at the Domino's Farms Office Park in Ann Arbor, Michigan.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ In 1960, Tom Monaghan and his brother, James, purchased DomiNick's, a small pizza store at 301 West Cross Street in Ypsilanti, Michigan, near Eastern Michigan University.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ The deal was secured by a $500 down payment, and the brothers borrowed $900 to pay for the store.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ The brothers planned to split the work hours evenly, but James did not want to quit his job as a full-time postman to keep up with the demands of the new business.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ Within eight months, James traded his half of the business to Tom for the Volkswagen Beetle they used for pizza deliveries.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The history of pizza begins in antiquity, when various ancient cultures produced flatbreads with toppings.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The precursor of pizza was probably the focaccia, a flat bread known to the Romans as \"panis focacius\", to which toppings were then added.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza developed in Naples, when tomato was added to the focaccia in the late 18th century.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The word \"pizza\" was first documented in AD 997 in Gaeta and successively in different parts of Central and Southern Italy.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Pizza was mainly eaten in the country of Italy and by emigrants from there.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ This changed after World War II, when Allied troops stationed in Italy came to enjoy pizza along with other Italian foods.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ The pizza box or pizza package is a folding box made of cardboard in which hot pizzas are stored in for takeaway.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ The \"pizza box\" also makes home delivery and takeaway substantially easier.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ The pizza box has to be highly resistant, cheap, stackable, thermally insulated to regulate humidity and suitable for food transportation.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ In addition, it provides space for advertising.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ The pizza packages differ from those of frozen pizzas, which contain the frozen product in heat-sealed plastic foils as is the case with much frozen food.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ Containers to deliver freshly baked pizzas have existed at least since the 19th century, when Neapolitan pizza bakers put their products in multi-layered metallic containers known as \"stufe\" (singular \"stufa\", \"oven\") and then sent them to the street sellers.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut is an American restaurant chain and international franchise founded in 1958 by Dan and Frank Carney.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ The company is known for its Italian-American cuisine menu including pizza and pasta, as well as side dishes and desserts.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut has over 16,000 locations worldwide as of 2015.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ It is a subsidiary of Yum!", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Brands, Inc., one of the world's largest restaurant companies.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut was founded in June 1958 by two Wichita State University students, brothers Dan and Frank Carney, as a single location in Wichita, Kansas.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ PepsiCo acquired Pizza Hut in November 1977.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Before closing in 2015, the oldest continuously operating Pizza Hut was in Manhattan, Kansas, in a shopping and tavern district known as Aggieville near Kansas State University.", "Tony Gemignani __knowledge__ Anthony Felix \"Tony\" Gemignani (born August 23, 1973) is a 12-time World Pizza Champion, master instructor at the International School of Pizza, two-time Food Network gold medalist, restaurateur, author and reality television personality.", "Tony Gemignani __knowledge__ Gemignani is the president of the World Pizza Champions, is also a Guinness World Record holder and is the owner and executive chef of several restaurants.", "Tony Gemignani __knowledge__ Gemignani coined the phrase \"F&F\"' to describe his restaurants; Restaurants which are Full Service and Fast Casual at the same time.", "Tony Gemignani __knowledge__ Gemignani was born in Fremont, California to Frank and Eileen Gemignani.", "Tony Gemignani __knowledge__ He grew up on his family's apricot farm with his grandfather, parents and older brother, and is a third generation Italian American.", "New Haven-style pizza __knowledge__ New Haven-style pizza, locally known as apizza (, from Neapolitan \"’a pizza\" () \"the pizza\"), is a style of Neapolitan pizza common in and around New Haven, Connecticut.", "New Haven-style pizza __knowledge__ It originated at the Frank Pepe Pizzeria Napoletana and is now served in many other pizza restaurants in the area, most notably Sally's Apizza and Modern Apizza.", "New Haven-style pizza __knowledge__ This geographically limited pizza style has been favorably referenced by national critics.", "New Haven-style pizza __knowledge__ In a New Haven-style pizzeria, a \"plain\" pizza is crust, oregano, and tomato sauce with a little bit of grated pecorino romano cheese sprinkled on and does not include Mozzarella.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Mandolin __knowledge__ A mandolin ( ; literally \"small mandola\") is a stringed musical instrument in the lute family and is usually plucked with a plectrum or \"pick\".", "Mandolin __knowledge__ It commonly has four courses of doubled metal strings tuned in unison (8 strings), although five (10 strings) and six (12 strings) course versions also exist.", "Mandolin __knowledge__ The courses are normally tuned in a succession of perfect fifths.", "Mandolin __knowledge__ It is the soprano member of a family that includes the mandola, octave mandolin, mandocello and mandobass.", "Mandolin __knowledge__ There are many styles of mandolin, but three are common, the \"Neapolitan\" or \"round-backed\" mandolin, the \"carved-top\" mandolin and the \"flat-backed\" mandolin.", "Detroit-style pizza __knowledge__ Detroit-style pizza is a style of pizza developed in Detroit, Michigan.", "Detroit-style pizza __knowledge__ It is a rectangular pizza that has a thick deep-dish crisp crust and toppings such as pepperoni and mushrooms.", "Detroit-style pizza __knowledge__ What makes Detroit-style pizza different from Chicago and New York styles is the crust, which is extra thick and very crispy on the bottom.", "Detroit-style pizza __knowledge__ The square shaped pizza is the result of being baked in a square pan, which is often not a pizza pan: industrial parts trays are often used, which were originally made to hold small parts in factories.", "Detroit-style pizza __knowledge__ The crust of a Detroit-style pizza is occasionally twice-baked, and it is usually baked in a well-oiled pan to a chewy medium-well-done state that gives the bottom and edges of the crust a fried or crunchy texture." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "Sharam __knowledge__ Sharam Tayebi (, born January 12, 1970), better known as Sharam, is an Iranian-born American techno and house DJ and producer.", "Sharam __knowledge__ Born in Tehran, Iran, he emigrated to Washington D.C. as a child.", "Sharam __knowledge__ A mainstay of the Washington underground dance music scene, he has been active both as one half of the duo Deep Dish and solo artist, producer and mixer.", "Sharam __knowledge__ As part of Deep Dish, with Ali \"Dubfire\" Shirazinia, Sharam released two albums and produced or remixed a library of other releases including those from Janet Jackson, Stevie Nicks, Rolling Stones as well as others.", "Sharam __knowledge__ The duo received a Grammy nomination for their remix of Madonna's \"Music\" and won the \"Best Remixed Recording\" Grammy for their remix of Dido's \"Thank You.” Deep Dish were nominated two times for their \"George Is On\" album—Best Single (\"Say Hello\") and Best Remix (\"Flashdance\" remixed by David Guetta).", "Dubfire __knowledge__ Ali Shirazinia (), commonly known by his stage name Dubfire, is an Iranian American house and techno DJ and producer.", "Dubfire __knowledge__ Prior to his solo career, Dubfire made up half of the four times nominated and Grammy Award-winning duo, Deep Dish.", "Dubfire __knowledge__ Dubfire's style is noticeably different from that of Deep Dish, consisting of techno rather than progressive house.", "Dubfire __knowledge__ Growing up in the Washington, DC area, Dubfire spent much of his youth playing the guitar in school bands and listening to heavy doses of classic hip hop, jazz/rare groove, dub, new wave and industrial and was also influenced by the local punk scene and the music of Washington DC-based bands including Fugazi and Minor Threat.", "DeeDee Halleck __knowledge__ DeeDee Halleck (born January 5, 1940) is a media activist, founder of Paper Tiger Television and co-founder of the Deep Dish Satellite Network, the first grass roots community television network.", "DeeDee Halleck __knowledge__ She is Professor Emerita in the Department of Communication at the University of California, San Diego.", "DeeDee Halleck __knowledge__ Her first film, \"Children Make Movies\" (1961), was about a film-making project at Lillian Wald's Henry Street Settlement in Lower Manhattan.", "DeeDee Halleck __knowledge__ Her film, \"Mural on Our Street\" was nominated for an Academy Award in 1965.", "DeeDee Halleck __knowledge__ She has led media workshops with elementary school children, reform school youth, senior citizens and migrant farmers.", "Don't Leave Home __knowledge__ \"Don't Leave Home\" is the third single released in the UK from Dido's second album, \"Life for Rent\".", "Don't Leave Home __knowledge__ It was officially released on 12 April 2004.", "Don't Leave Home __knowledge__ Even though it didn't go further than number 25 on the UK Singles Chart, it stayed in the charts for nine weeks.", "Don't Leave Home __knowledge__ The song was however a radio hit, peaking at #1 on the official airplay chart in early 2004.", "Don't Leave Home __knowledge__ \"Don't Leave Home\" deals with drug addiction.", "Don't Leave Home __knowledge__ It is written and sung from the unusual point of view of the drug singing to the person who is addicted to it.", "Don't Leave Home __knowledge__ It was originally a demo recorded for her 1999 album \"No Angel\" that was instead included on the 2003 album, \"Life for Rent.\"", "South East European Film Festival __knowledge__ The South East European Film Festival, also known as SEEfest, is an annual (non-profit) film festival held during the first week of May in various venues throughout Los Angeles, California.", "South East European Film Festival __knowledge__ The festival presents feature films, documentaries and shorts produced in or thematically related to South East Europe and the Caucasus.", "South East European Film Festival __knowledge__ The annual film festival includes a business conference, year-round screenings and programs, all showcasing the cultural diversity of South East Europe through themes, stories and visual artistry.", "South East European Film Festival __knowledge__ It seeks to establish intercultural connections between artistic communities in the United States and South East Europe.", "Flashdance (song) __knowledge__ \"Flashdance\" is a song by American electronic music duo Deep Dish, it is cover of \"He's a Dream\" by Shandi Sinnamon from the Flashdance soundtrack.", "Flashdance (song) __knowledge__ Ben Hogwood of musicOMH was favorable of the song, saying that \"Flashdance\" has given Deep Dish \"a huge worldwide club hit, its full-bodied hook picked up by many a DJ\".", "Flashdance (song) __knowledge__ Hogwood named it the most commercial track on the album, which according to him \"loosely follows the lead of its predecessor, teaming moody instrumentals with club based vocal tracks\".", "Flashdance (song) __knowledge__ For the chart issue dated 9 October 2004, \"Flashdance\" debuted at number three on the UK Singles Chart, becoming Deep Dish's first and to-date only single to reach the top ten.", "Global Underground 021: Moscow __knowledge__ Global Underground 021: Deep Dish, Moscow is a DJ mix album in the Global Underground series, compiled and mixed by Deep Dish in 2001.", "Global Underground 021: Moscow __knowledge__ It is a retrospective of a set they played at Club XIII.", "Global Underground 021: Moscow __knowledge__ The Compilation reached #8 Top Heatseekers, #13 Top Electronic Albums, #31 Independent Albums.", "Global Underground 021: Moscow __knowledge__ 021 is also the area code of Tehran, where Sharam of Deep Dish was born.", "Global Underground 021: Moscow __knowledge__ The back of the CD case states, \"This CD is dedicated to all innocent people whose lives have been destroyed by extremists.\"", "Global Underground 021: Moscow __knowledge__ The mighty Deep Dish became the first ever DJ duo to mix a Global Underground CD with this outstanding album.", "Global Underground 021: Moscow __knowledge__ Sharam and Dubfire were a natural choice for the series having carved out a formidable reputation for themselves via DJ sets, their Yoshitoshi label and remix work.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ Domino’s Pizza, Inc. is an American pizza restaurant chain founded in 1960.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ The corporation is headquartered at the Domino's Farms Office Park in Ann Arbor, Michigan.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ In 1960, Tom Monaghan and his brother, James, purchased DomiNick's, a small pizza store at 301 West Cross Street in Ypsilanti, Michigan, near Eastern Michigan University.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ The deal was secured by a $500 down payment, and the brothers borrowed $900 to pay for the store.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ The brothers planned to split the work hours evenly, but James did not want to quit his job as a full-time postman to keep up with the demands of the new business.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ Within eight months, James traded his half of the business to Tom for the Volkswagen Beetle they used for pizza deliveries.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The history of pizza begins in antiquity, when various ancient cultures produced flatbreads with toppings.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The precursor of pizza was probably the focaccia, a flat bread known to the Romans as \"panis focacius\", to which toppings were then added.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza developed in Naples, when tomato was added to the focaccia in the late 18th century.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The word \"pizza\" was first documented in AD 997 in Gaeta and successively in different parts of Central and Southern Italy.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Pizza was mainly eaten in the country of Italy and by emigrants from there.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ This changed after World War II, when Allied troops stationed in Italy came to enjoy pizza along with other Italian foods.", "Little Caesars __knowledge__ Little Caesar Enterprises Inc. (doing business as Little Caesars) is the third-largest pizza chain in the United States, behind Pizza Hut and Domino's Pizza.", "Little Caesars __knowledge__ It operates and franchises pizza restaurants in the United States and internationally in Asia, the Middle East, Australia, Canada, Latin America and the Caribbean.", "Little Caesars __knowledge__ The company was founded in 1959 and is based in Detroit, Michigan, headquartered in the Fox Theatre building in Downtown.", "Little Caesars __knowledge__ Little Caesar Enterprises, Inc. operates as a subsidiary of Ilitch Holdings, Inc. Little Caesars Pizza was founded on May 8, 1959, by Mike Ilitch and his wife Marian Ilitch.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ Chicago-style pizza refers to several different styles of pizza developed in Chicago.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ Arguably, the most famous of these is known as deep-dish pizza.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ The pan in which it is baked gives the pizza its characteristically high edge which gives a lot of space for large amounts of cheese and a chunky tomato sauce.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ Chicago-style pizza may be prepared in deep-dish style and as a stuffed pizza.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ According to Tim Samuelson, Chicago's official cultural historian, there is not enough documentation to determine with certainty who invented Chicago-style deep-dish pizza.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ It is often reported that Chicago-style deep-dish pizza was invented at Pizzeria Uno in Chicago, in 1943, by Uno's founder Ike Sewell, a former University of Texas football star.", "Uno Pizzeria &amp; Grill __knowledge__ Uno Pizzeria & Grill (formerly Pizzeria Uno and Uno Chicago Grill), or more informally as Unos, is a franchised pizzeria restaurant chain under the parent company Uno Restaurant Holdings Corporation.", "Uno Pizzeria &amp; Grill __knowledge__ Uno Pizzeria and Grill is best known for its Chicago-style deep dish pizza.", "Uno Pizzeria &amp; Grill __knowledge__ Ike Sewell opened the first Pizzeria Uno in 1943.", "Uno Pizzeria &amp; Grill __knowledge__ The first Uno's was established in 1943 by former University of Texas football star Ike Sewell and his friend, former World War II G.I.", "Uno Pizzeria &amp; Grill __knowledge__ Ric Riccardo, in the River North neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois.", "Uno Pizzeria &amp; Grill __knowledge__ Sewell originally intended to open a Mexican restaurant because \"there wasn't a really decent Mexican restaurant in Chicago then.\"" ] ]

[ 1, 5, 6, 7, 2 ]

[ "You got that right. Although you can find it all over the US it is traditionally an Italian dish.", "Very cool. As of 2009 the European Union recognizes the Neapolitan pizza as a Traditional Specialty Guaranteed dish. What an honor.", "Well there is an organization aimed at protecting the true Neapolitan style pizza. It was organized in 1984. ", "Theres deep dish in Chicago. Since pizza is so popluar in North America and Europe lots of places have their their own twist to their pizzas.", "Deep dish can be dated back to around the 1940's. I love how many different toppings there are. You can throw on different vegetables, meats, and cheeses to change things up." ]

[ "Pizza", "Pizza", "Pizza", "Pizza", "Pizza" ]

[ "Food truck\nI want to own a food truck one day.", "Is the food from food trucks expensive?", "That's a lot of people. Don't those trucks pose health risks?", "Can you hire these trucks for special events like birthday parties?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Food truck __knowledge__ A food truck is a large vehicle equipped to cook and sell food.", "Food truck __knowledge__ Some, including ice cream trucks, sell frozen or prepackaged food; others have on-board kitchens and prepare food from scratch.", "Food truck __knowledge__ Sandwiches, hamburgers, french fries, and other regional fast food fare is common.", "Food truck __knowledge__ In recent years, associated with the pop-up restaurant phenomenon, food trucks offering gourmet cuisine and a variety of specialties and ethnic menus, have become particularly popular.", "Food truck __knowledge__ Food trucks, along with portable food booths and food carts, are on the front line of the street food industry that serves an estimated 2.5 billion people every day.", "Food truck __knowledge__ In the United States, the Texas chuckwagon is a precursor to the American food truck.", "Food truck __knowledge__ In the later 1800s, herding cattle from the Southwest to markets in the North and East kept cowhands on the trail for months at a time.", "Food truck __knowledge__ In 1866, the \"father of the Texas Panhandle,\" Charles Goodnight, a Texas cattle rancher, fitted a sturdy old United States Army wagon with interior shelving and drawers, and stocked it with kitchenware, food and medical supplies.", "Food truck __knowledge__ Food consisted of dried beans, coffee, cornmeal, greasy cloth-wrapped bacon, salt pork, beef, usually dried or salted or smoked, and other easy to preserve food stuffs.", "Food trucks in South Korea __knowledge__ A food truck is a small truck that operates as a restaurant.", "Food trucks in South Korea __knowledge__ The height of the cooking area shall be less than 1.5 m (1.2 m) and the area shall be not less than 0.5 m*m and not more than 0.5 m*m. A food truck is a large vehicle equipped to cook and sell food.", "Food trucks in South Korea __knowledge__ Some, including ice cream trucks, sell frozen or prepackaged food; others have on-board kitchens and prepare food from scratch.", "Food trucks in South Korea __knowledge__ Sandwiches, hamburgers, french fries, and other regional fast food fare is common.", "Food trucks in South Korea __knowledge__ In recent years, associated with the pop-up restaurant phenomenon, food trucks offering gourmet cuisine and a variety of specialties and ethnic menus, have become particularly popular.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ The following is a list of episodes for the reality television series \"The Great Food Truck Race\" on Food Network.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ There are seven truck teams competing in the race for a grand prize of $50,000.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Each truck team consists of a driver and two crew members who must staff the truck and are responsible for cooking, shopping, orders and publicity.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Every week they start off with no food to make things fair for all the teams who must make do with whatever cash Tyler Florence provides (seed money) at the start of each episode, in each new city.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ The trucks all convene in Los Angeles.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Austin Daily Press – This team from Austin, Texas serves hot, grilled sandwiches.", "The Great Food Truck Race __knowledge__ The Great Food Truck Race is a reality television and cooking series that originally aired on August 15, 2010, on Food Network, with Tyler Florence as the host.", "The Great Food Truck Race __knowledge__ Billed as a cross between Cannonball Run and Top Chef, this late summer show features several competing teams of three who drive across the United States in their food trucks and make stops every week to sell food in different cities.", "The Great Food Truck Race __knowledge__ Every season, between six and eight food truck teams compete in a race where they must cook, sell, and adapt to different challenges in the hopes of winning $50,000 (and in some cases, their very own food truck).", "Chicago Food Truck Festival __knowledge__ The Chicago Food Truck Fest is an annual gathering of gourmet food trucks in the South Loop of Chicago, IL during the summer.", "Chicago Food Truck Festival __knowledge__ The fest was select one of the best food truck fest in America.", "Chicago Food Truck Festival __knowledge__ The event debuted at U.S. Cellular Field in 2014.", "Chicago Food Truck Festival __knowledge__ In 2015, U.S. Sen. Mark Kirk of Illinois made a visit to the Chicago Food Truck Fest to urge Chicago lawmakers to lift restrictions on food trucks to allow them to better prosper.", "Chicago Food Truck Festival __knowledge__ Also, in 2015, WGN sat down with the event creator Alex Blackshire for an in depth discussion about the event and the food truck scene in Chicago.", "Chicago Food Truck Festival __knowledge__ In 2015, the Chicago Food Truck Fest made a location change to the South Loop in order to make room for the burgeoning crowds.", "Chef (2014 film) __knowledge__ Chef is a 2014 American comedy-drama film written, co-produced, and directed by Jon Favreau, who stars with Sofía Vergara, John Leguizamo, Scarlett Johansson, Oliver Platt, Bobby Cannavale, Dustin Hoffman, and Robert Downey Jr. Favreau plays a professional chef who, after a public altercation with a food critic, quits his job at a popular Los Angeles restaurant and returns to his hometown of Miami to fix up a food truck.", "Chef (2014 film) __knowledge__ He reconnects with his ex-wife and invites their young son to join him in driving the truck back to LA while selling Cubanos in various cities along the way.", "Chef (2014 film) __knowledge__ Favreau wrote the script after directing several big-budget films, wanting to go \"back to basics\" and to create a film about cooking.", "Food trucks in Tampa, Florida __knowledge__ Food trucks have become a popular phenomenon in Tampa and St. Petersburg, Florida.", "Food trucks in Tampa, Florida __knowledge__ Food trucks have a large following in and around downtown Tampa and have been supported by Tampa mayor Bob Buckhorn who organized a monthly food truck rally downtown.", "Food trucks in Tampa, Florida __knowledge__ There is also an evening of food trucks and short movies (Flicks and Food Trucks) between downtown and the Channelside District.", "Food trucks in Tampa, Florida __knowledge__ Food truck rallies drawing thousands of people have taken place in Seminole Heights and South Tampa.", "Food trucks in Tampa, Florida __knowledge__ A regular food truck event is also held at the farmer's market in Odessa, Florida with live music.", "Food trucks in Tampa, Florida __knowledge__ St. Petersburg followed suit at the end of 2011 with the city council moving to ease restrictions on their operation." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Food truck __knowledge__ A food truck is a large vehicle equipped to cook and sell food.", "Food truck __knowledge__ Some, including ice cream trucks, sell frozen or prepackaged food; others have on-board kitchens and prepare food from scratch.", "Food truck __knowledge__ Sandwiches, hamburgers, french fries, and other regional fast food fare is common.", "Food truck __knowledge__ In recent years, associated with the pop-up restaurant phenomenon, food trucks offering gourmet cuisine and a variety of specialties and ethnic menus, have become particularly popular.", "Food truck __knowledge__ Food trucks, along with portable food booths and food carts, are on the front line of the street food industry that serves an estimated 2.5 billion people every day.", "Food truck __knowledge__ In the United States, the Texas chuckwagon is a precursor to the American food truck.", "Food truck __knowledge__ In the later 1800s, herding cattle from the Southwest to markets in the North and East kept cowhands on the trail for months at a time.", "Food truck __knowledge__ In 1866, the \"father of the Texas Panhandle,\" Charles Goodnight, a Texas cattle rancher, fitted a sturdy old United States Army wagon with interior shelving and drawers, and stocked it with kitchenware, food and medical supplies.", "Food truck __knowledge__ Food consisted of dried beans, coffee, cornmeal, greasy cloth-wrapped bacon, salt pork, beef, usually dried or salted or smoked, and other easy to preserve food stuffs.", "Food trucks in South Korea __knowledge__ A food truck is a small truck that operates as a restaurant.", "Food trucks in South Korea __knowledge__ The height of the cooking area shall be less than 1.5 m (1.2 m) and the area shall be not less than 0.5 m*m and not more than 0.5 m*m. A food truck is a large vehicle equipped to cook and sell food.", "Food trucks in South Korea __knowledge__ Some, including ice cream trucks, sell frozen or prepackaged food; others have on-board kitchens and prepare food from scratch.", "Food trucks in South Korea __knowledge__ Sandwiches, hamburgers, french fries, and other regional fast food fare is common.", "Food trucks in South Korea __knowledge__ In recent years, associated with the pop-up restaurant phenomenon, food trucks offering gourmet cuisine and a variety of specialties and ethnic menus, have become particularly popular.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ The following is a list of episodes for the reality television series \"The Great Food Truck Race\" on Food Network.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ There are seven truck teams competing in the race for a grand prize of $50,000.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Each truck team consists of a driver and two crew members who must staff the truck and are responsible for cooking, shopping, orders and publicity.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Every week they start off with no food to make things fair for all the teams who must make do with whatever cash Tyler Florence provides (seed money) at the start of each episode, in each new city.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ The trucks all convene in Los Angeles.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Austin Daily Press – This team from Austin, Texas serves hot, grilled sandwiches.", "Food trucks in Tampa, Florida __knowledge__ Food trucks have become a popular phenomenon in Tampa and St. Petersburg, Florida.", "Food trucks in Tampa, Florida __knowledge__ Food trucks have a large following in and around downtown Tampa and have been supported by Tampa mayor Bob Buckhorn who organized a monthly food truck rally downtown.", "Food trucks in Tampa, Florida __knowledge__ There is also an evening of food trucks and short movies (Flicks and Food Trucks) between downtown and the Channelside District.", "Food trucks in Tampa, Florida __knowledge__ Food truck rallies drawing thousands of people have taken place in Seminole Heights and South Tampa.", "Food trucks in Tampa, Florida __knowledge__ A regular food truck event is also held at the farmer's market in Odessa, Florida with live music.", "Food trucks in Tampa, Florida __knowledge__ St. Petersburg followed suit at the end of 2011 with the city council moving to ease restrictions on their operation.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Roaming Hunger __knowledge__ Roaming Hunger is a food truck booking service that allows people to find food trucks in real time, book trucks for upcoming events, and engage food trucks for advertising and promotional purposes.", "Roaming Hunger __knowledge__ It was founded in 2009 by Ross Resnick.", "Roaming Hunger __knowledge__ During a study abroad program in 2004 while attending University of Southern California, Ross Resnick became immersed in Asian street food culture.", "Roaming Hunger __knowledge__ Upon his return, Resnick began developing Roaming Hunger originally as the food truck industry started to emerge in 2009.", "Roaming Hunger __knowledge__ Resnick took it on himself to compile an online directory of food trucks and carts across the US.", "Food truck rally __knowledge__ A food truck rally (also called a food truck festival, food truck rodeo, food truck gathering, or similar names) is an event where a group of food trucks gather in one location.", "Food truck rally __knowledge__ The events typically feature \"modern\" food trucks emphasizing food quality and variety, a trend which has grown significantly in popularity in the United States since approximately 2008.", "Food truck rally __knowledge__ Formal gatherings of food trucks as an event in the United States began in 2010.", "Food truck rally __knowledge__ The first LA Food Fest, held in February 2010, appears to have been one of the earliest such events.", "Food truck rally __knowledge__ Tampa, Florida, which has been a popular area for food trucks and hosted its first food truck event in September 2011, hosted a rally with 121 food trucks in March 2014, said to be a new world record, breaking the prior record of 99 set in Tampa in September 2013.", "Truck __knowledge__ A truck or lorry is a motor vehicle designed to transport cargo.", "Truck __knowledge__ Trucks vary greatly in size, power, and configuration; smaller varieties may be mechanically similar to some automobiles.", "Truck __knowledge__ Commercial trucks can be very large and powerful, and may be configured to mount specialized equipment, such as in the case of fire trucks and concrete mixers and suction excavators.", "Truck __knowledge__ Modern trucks are largely powered by diesel engines, although small to medium size trucks with gasoline engines exist in the US, Canada, and Mexico.", "Truck __knowledge__ In the European Union, vehicles with a gross combination mass of up to are known as light commercial vehicles, and those over as large goods vehicles.", "New Year's Eve __knowledge__ In the Gregorian calendar, New Year's Eve (also known as Old Year's Day or Saint Sylvester's Day in many countries), the last day of the year, is on 31 December which is the seventh day of Christmastide.", "New Year's Eve __knowledge__ In many countries, New Year's Eve is celebrated at evening social gatherings, where many people dance, eat, drink alcoholic beverages, and watch or light fireworks to mark the new year.", "New Year's Eve __knowledge__ Some Christians attend a watchnight service.", "New Year's Eve __knowledge__ The celebrations generally go on past midnight into New Year's Day, 1 January.", "New Year's Eve __knowledge__ Samoa, Tonga and Kiritimati (Christmas Island), part of Kiribati, are the first places to welcome the New Year while American Samoa and Baker Island in the United States of America are among the last." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Food truck __knowledge__ A food truck is a large vehicle equipped to cook and sell food.", "Food truck __knowledge__ Some, including ice cream trucks, sell frozen or prepackaged food; others have on-board kitchens and prepare food from scratch.", "Food truck __knowledge__ Sandwiches, hamburgers, french fries, and other regional fast food fare is common.", "Food truck __knowledge__ In recent years, associated with the pop-up restaurant phenomenon, food trucks offering gourmet cuisine and a variety of specialties and ethnic menus, have become particularly popular.", "Food truck __knowledge__ Food trucks, along with portable food booths and food carts, are on the front line of the street food industry that serves an estimated 2.5 billion people every day.", "Food truck __knowledge__ In the United States, the Texas chuckwagon is a precursor to the American food truck.", "Food truck __knowledge__ In the later 1800s, herding cattle from the Southwest to markets in the North and East kept cowhands on the trail for months at a time.", "Food truck __knowledge__ In 1866, the \"father of the Texas Panhandle,\" Charles Goodnight, a Texas cattle rancher, fitted a sturdy old United States Army wagon with interior shelving and drawers, and stocked it with kitchenware, food and medical supplies.", "Food truck __knowledge__ Food consisted of dried beans, coffee, cornmeal, greasy cloth-wrapped bacon, salt pork, beef, usually dried or salted or smoked, and other easy to preserve food stuffs.", "Air pollution __knowledge__ Air pollution occurs when harmful substances including particulates and biological molecules are introduced into Earth's atmosphere.", "Air pollution __knowledge__ It may cause diseases, allergies or death of humans; it may also cause harm to other living organisms such as animals and food crops, and may damage the natural or built environment.", "Air pollution __knowledge__ Human activity and natural processes can both generate air pollution.", "Air pollution __knowledge__ Indoor air pollution and poor urban air quality are listed as two of the world's worst toxic pollution problems in the 2008 Blacksmith Institute World's Worst Polluted Places report.", "Air pollution __knowledge__ According to the 2014 World Health Organization report, air pollution in 2012 caused the deaths of around 7 million people worldwide, an estimate roughly echoed by one from the International Energy Agency.", "Environmental racism in Europe __knowledge__ Environmental racism in Europe has been documented in relation to racialized immigrant and migrant populations alongside Romani (Roma/Gypsy), Yenish, Irish Traveller, and communities (such as the Sami, Komi, and Nenets) from within continental borders.", "Environmental racism in Europe __knowledge__ Environmental racism is the practice of environmental injustice within a racialized context, in which socially marginalized communities and minority groups are subjected to disproportionate exposure of environmental hazards, denial of access to sources of ecological sustenance such as clean air, water, and natural resources, or infringement of environmentally related human rights.", "Animal hoarding __knowledge__ Animal hoarding is keeping a higher-than-usual number of animals as domestic pets without ability to properly house or care for them, while at the same time denying this inability.", "Animal hoarding __knowledge__ Compulsive hoarding can be characterized as a symptom of mental disorder rather than deliberate cruelty towards animals.", "Animal hoarding __knowledge__ Hoarders are deeply attached to their pets and find it extremely difficult to let the pets go.", "Animal hoarding __knowledge__ They typically cannot comprehend that they are harming their pets by failing to provide them with proper care.", "Animal hoarding __knowledge__ Hoarders tend to believe that they provide the right amount of care for them.", "Animal hoarding __knowledge__ The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals provides a \"Hoarding Prevention Team\", which works with hoarders to help them attain a manageable and healthy number of pets.", "Positions of medical organizations on electronic cigarettes __knowledge__ The scientific community in United States and Europe are primarily concerned with the possible effect of electronic cigarette use on public health.", "Positions of medical organizations on electronic cigarettes __knowledge__ There is concern among public health experts that e-cigarettes could renormalize smoking, weaken measures to control tobacco, and serve as a gateway for smoking among youth.", "Positions of medical organizations on electronic cigarettes __knowledge__ The public health community is divided over whether to support e-cigarettes, because their safety and efficacy for quitting smoking is unclear.", "Positions of medical organizations on electronic cigarettes __knowledge__ Many in the public health community acknowledge the potential for their quitting smoking and decreasing harm benefits, but there remains a concern over their long-term safety and potential for a new era of users to get addicted to nicotine and then tobacco.", "Dental amalgam controversy __knowledge__ This discussion of the dental amalgam controversy outlines the debate over whether dental amalgam (the silver alloy in dental fillings) should be used.", "Dental amalgam controversy __knowledge__ Supporters claim that it is safe, effective and long-lasting while critics argue that claims have been made since the 1840s that amalgam is unsafe because it may cause mercury poisoning and other toxicity.", "Dental amalgam controversy __knowledge__ Those who are not opposed to the use of amalgam point out that it is safe, durable, relatively inexpensive, and easy to use.", "Dental amalgam controversy __knowledge__ On average, amalgam lasts twice as long as resin composites, takes less time to place, is tolerant of saliva or blood contamination during placement (unlike composites), and is often about 20-30% less expensive.", "Environmental health policy __knowledge__ Environmental health policy is the interplay between the environment and health, and how the environment can affect human health.", "Environmental health policy __knowledge__ Policies are created by governments and organizations where they see the issues arising in the health of their jurisdiction related to the environment.", "Environmental health policy __knowledge__ There are several environmental factors that can contribute to health including air quality, climate change, toxic drinking water, and toxic chemical exposure.", "Environmental health policy __knowledge__ Depending on the region the policy is in, different environmental factors are going to be addressed in the policy.", "Environmental health policy __knowledge__ Some effects of the environment on health can include asthma, malaria, cholera, disease, cancer, and physical injury.", "Toxic hotspot __knowledge__ Toxic hotspots are locations where emissions from specific sources such as water or air pollution may expose local populations to elevated health risks, such as cancer.", "Toxic hotspot __knowledge__ These emissions contribute to cumulative health risks of emissions from other sources nearby.", "Toxic hotspot __knowledge__ Urban, highly populated areas around pollutant emitters such as old factories and waste storage sites are often toxic hotspots.", "Toxic hotspot __knowledge__ The 1984 Bhopal disaster in India, the world’s worst chemical disaster, is a prime example of a significant toxic hotspot.", "Toxic hotspot __knowledge__ The toxic gas leaked from the understaffed Union Carbide plant killed up to 20,000 people and left 120,000 others chronically ill. Bhopal continues to face pollution problems from the abandoned factory today.", "Food trucks in South Korea __knowledge__ A food truck is a small truck that operates as a restaurant.", "Food trucks in South Korea __knowledge__ The height of the cooking area shall be less than 1.5 m (1.2 m) and the area shall be not less than 0.5 m*m and not more than 0.5 m*m. A food truck is a large vehicle equipped to cook and sell food.", "Food trucks in South Korea __knowledge__ Some, including ice cream trucks, sell frozen or prepackaged food; others have on-board kitchens and prepare food from scratch.", "Food trucks in South Korea __knowledge__ Sandwiches, hamburgers, french fries, and other regional fast food fare is common.", "Food trucks in South Korea __knowledge__ In recent years, associated with the pop-up restaurant phenomenon, food trucks offering gourmet cuisine and a variety of specialties and ethnic menus, have become particularly popular.", "Human overpopulation __knowledge__ Human overpopulation (or population overshoot) occurs when the ecological footprint of a human population in a specific geographical location exceeds the carrying capacity of the place occupied by that group.", "Human overpopulation __knowledge__ Overpopulation can further be viewed, in a long term perspective, as existing if a population cannot be maintained given the rapid depletion of non-renewable resources or given the degradation of the capacity of the environment to give support to the population.", "Human overpopulation __knowledge__ Changes in lifestyle could reverse overpopulated status without a large population reduction.", "Human overpopulation __knowledge__ The term \"human overpopulation\" refers to the relationship between the entire human population and its environment: the Earth, or to smaller geographical areas such as countries.", "China–Pakistan Economic Corridor __knowledge__ China–Pakistan Economic Corridor CPEC) is a collection of infrastructure projects that are currently under construction throughout Pakistan.", "China–Pakistan Economic Corridor __knowledge__ Originally valued at $46 billion, the value of CPEC projects is now worth $62 billion.", "China–Pakistan Economic Corridor __knowledge__ CPEC is intended to rapidly modernize Pakistani infrastructure and strengthen its economy by the construction of modern transportation networks, numerous energy projects, and special economic zones.", "China–Pakistan Economic Corridor __knowledge__ On 13 November 2016, CPEC became partly operational when Chinese cargo was transported overland to Gwadar Port for onward maritime shipment to Africa and West Asia.", "China–Pakistan Economic Corridor __knowledge__ A vast network of highways and railways are to be built under the aegis of CPEC that will span the length and breadth of Pakistan.", "World population __knowledge__ In demographics, the world population is the total number of humans currently living.", "World population __knowledge__ The world population was estimated to have reached 7.6 billion as of December 2017 .", "World population __knowledge__ The United Nations estimates it will further increase to 11.8 billion by the year 2100.", "World population __knowledge__ World population has experienced continuous growth since the end of the Great Famine of 1315–17 and the Black Death in 1350, when it was near 370 million.", "World population __knowledge__ The highest population growth rates – global population increases above 1.8% per year – occurred between 1955 and 1975, peaking to 2.06% between 1965 and 1970.", "World population __knowledge__ The growth rate has declined to 1.18% between 2010 and 2015 and is projected to decline to 0.13% by the year 2100.", "Poverty __knowledge__ Poverty is the scarcity or the lack of a certain (variant) amount of material possessions or money.", "Poverty __knowledge__ Poverty is a multifaceted concept, which may include social, economic, and political elements.", "Poverty __knowledge__ Absolute poverty, extreme poverty, or \"destitution\" refers to the complete lack of the means necessary to meet basic personal needs such as food, clothing and shelter.", "Poverty __knowledge__ The threshold at which \"absolute poverty\" is defined is considered to be about the same, independent of the person's permanent location or era.", "Poverty __knowledge__ On the other hand, \"relative poverty\" occurs when a person who lives in a given country does not enjoy a certain minimum level of \"living standards\" as compared to the rest of the population of that country.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ The following is a list of episodes for the reality television series \"The Great Food Truck Race\" on Food Network.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ There are seven truck teams competing in the race for a grand prize of $50,000.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Each truck team consists of a driver and two crew members who must staff the truck and are responsible for cooking, shopping, orders and publicity.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Every week they start off with no food to make things fair for all the teams who must make do with whatever cash Tyler Florence provides (seed money) at the start of each episode, in each new city.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ The trucks all convene in Los Angeles.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Austin Daily Press – This team from Austin, Texas serves hot, grilled sandwiches." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Food truck __knowledge__ A food truck is a large vehicle equipped to cook and sell food.", "Food truck __knowledge__ Some, including ice cream trucks, sell frozen or prepackaged food; others have on-board kitchens and prepare food from scratch.", "Food truck __knowledge__ Sandwiches, hamburgers, french fries, and other regional fast food fare is common.", "Food truck __knowledge__ In recent years, associated with the pop-up restaurant phenomenon, food trucks offering gourmet cuisine and a variety of specialties and ethnic menus, have become particularly popular.", "Food truck __knowledge__ Food trucks, along with portable food booths and food carts, are on the front line of the street food industry that serves an estimated 2.5 billion people every day.", "Food truck __knowledge__ In the United States, the Texas chuckwagon is a precursor to the American food truck.", "Food truck __knowledge__ In the later 1800s, herding cattle from the Southwest to markets in the North and East kept cowhands on the trail for months at a time.", "Food truck __knowledge__ In 1866, the \"father of the Texas Panhandle,\" Charles Goodnight, a Texas cattle rancher, fitted a sturdy old United States Army wagon with interior shelving and drawers, and stocked it with kitchenware, food and medical supplies.", "Food truck __knowledge__ Food consisted of dried beans, coffee, cornmeal, greasy cloth-wrapped bacon, salt pork, beef, usually dried or salted or smoked, and other easy to preserve food stuffs.", "Party __knowledge__ A party is a gathering of people who have been invited by a host for the purposes of socializing, conversation, recreation, or as part of a festival or other commemoration of a special occasion.", "Party __knowledge__ A party will typically feature food and beverages, and often music and dancing or other forms of entertainment.", "Party __knowledge__ In many Western countries, parties for teens and adults are associated with drinking alcohol such as beer, wine or distilled spirits.", "Party __knowledge__ Some parties are held in honor of a specific person, day, or event, such as a birthday party, a Super Bowl party, or a St. Patrick’s Day party.", "Party __knowledge__ Parties of this kind are often called celebrations.", "Name day __knowledge__ A name day is a tradition in some countries in Europe, Latin America, Catholic and Orthodox Christian countries in general.", "Name day __knowledge__ It consists of celebrating a day of the year that is associated with one's given name.", "Name day __knowledge__ The celebration is similar to a birthday.", "Name day __knowledge__ The custom originated with the Christian calendar of saints: believers named after a saint would celebrate that saint's feast day, or in the Eastern Orthodox tradition, the day of a saint's death.", "Name day __knowledge__ Name days have greater resonance in the Catholic and Orthodox parts of Europe—Protestant churches showing less veneration of saints.", "Name day __knowledge__ In many countries, however, name-day celebrations no longer have connection to explicitly Christian traditions.", "Birthday customs and celebrations __knowledge__ There are many and varied customs associated with the celebration of birthdays around the world.", "Birthday customs and celebrations __knowledge__ The birthday cake is traditionally highly decorated, and typically covered with lit candles when presented, the number of candles signifying the age of the celebrant.", "Birthday customs and celebrations __knowledge__ The person whose birthday it is may make a silent wish and then blow out the candles.", "Birthday customs and celebrations __knowledge__ It is also common for the person celebrating their birthday to cut the initial piece of the cake as a newlywed couple might with a wedding cake.", "Birthday customs and celebrations __knowledge__ The birthday boy/girl traditionally gets to eat the first piece of the cake.", "Birthday customs and celebrations __knowledge__ In Western cultures, particularly in the United States and Australia, birthday parties are often accompanied by colorful decorations, such as balloons and streamers.", "Fontana, California __knowledge__ Fontana () is a city of 207,460 residents in San Bernardino County, California.", "Fontana, California __knowledge__ Founded by Azariel Blanchard Miller in 1913, it remained essentially rural until World War II, when entrepreneur Henry J. Kaiser built a large steel mill in the area.", "Fontana, California __knowledge__ It is now a regional hub of the trucking industry, with Interstate 10 and State Route 210 transecting the city from east to west, and Interstate 15 passing diagonally through its northwestern quadrant.", "Fontana, California __knowledge__ It is home to the largest of the San Bernardino County system libraries, a renovated historic theater, a municipal park, and the Auto Club Speedway on the site of the Kaiser Steel Mill.", "KJSCE Symphony __knowledge__ Symphony, the annual cultural festival of K. J. Somaiya College of Engineering, has created its name and popularity among Engineering and Management institutes far and wide for the last decade.", "KJSCE Symphony __knowledge__ Every year many students from various institutes be a part of this festival.", "KJSCE Symphony __knowledge__ The main aim is to promote, encourage and exhibit the talents of the students on a common platform and create interest in the classical, vocal and instrumental music.", "KJSCE Symphony __knowledge__ Symphony hosts more than 9000 students every year.", "KJSCE Symphony __knowledge__ Symphony has been graced by artists of the magnitude of Pt.", "KJSCE Symphony __knowledge__ Hariprasad Chaurasia, Pt ShivKumar Sharma, Louis Banks, Hariharan, Indus Creed, Parikrama, KK, Bombay Vikings, Taufiq Qureshi, Dagar, Suraj Jagan, and Ustad Zakir Hussain.", "Waves (festival) __knowledge__ Waves is the annual cultural festival of BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus.", "Waves (festival) __knowledge__ It is a three-day-long festival held in the late October – early November period.", "Waves (festival) __knowledge__ The first edition was in 2006, and in spite of being a relatively new festival, it has attracted considerable media attention and many prominent sponsors over the years.", "Waves (festival) __knowledge__ The fest, very much in the spirits of Goa, holds a spectacular bonanza with a marvelous blend of fun and frolic, devotion, dedication and lots of happiness.", "Waves (festival) __knowledge__ The special events that Waves, BITS Pilani, Goa offers include Natyanjali, Fashion Parade and Mr. and Ms.", "Waves (festival) __knowledge__ Waves.", "Waves (festival) __knowledge__ Sea Rock, their semi-professional rock band competition has gone on to become a national event with several elimination rounds held in major cities across the country.", "Greater grison __knowledge__ The greater grison (\"Galictis vittata\"), is a species of mustelid native to South and Central America.", "Greater grison __knowledge__ The greater grison is a slender animal with short legs, a long neck, and a short, bushy tail.", "Greater grison __knowledge__ They are similar in appearance to the closely related lesser grison, from which they can be most readily distinguished by their greater size, with a head-body length ranging from .", "Greater grison __knowledge__ Adults weigh between in the wild, but may become larger when reared in captivity.", "Greater grison __knowledge__ The back, flanks, top of the head, and the tail, are grizzled grey in color, while the rest of the body is much darker, and usually solid black.", "Food trucks in South Korea __knowledge__ A food truck is a small truck that operates as a restaurant.", "Food trucks in South Korea __knowledge__ The height of the cooking area shall be less than 1.5 m (1.2 m) and the area shall be not less than 0.5 m*m and not more than 0.5 m*m. A food truck is a large vehicle equipped to cook and sell food.", "Food trucks in South Korea __knowledge__ Some, including ice cream trucks, sell frozen or prepackaged food; others have on-board kitchens and prepare food from scratch.", "Food trucks in South Korea __knowledge__ Sandwiches, hamburgers, french fries, and other regional fast food fare is common.", "Food trucks in South Korea __knowledge__ In recent years, associated with the pop-up restaurant phenomenon, food trucks offering gourmet cuisine and a variety of specialties and ethnic menus, have become particularly popular.", "Fast food restaurant __knowledge__ A fast food restaurant, also known as a quick service restaurant (QSR) within the industry, is a specific type of restaurant that serves fast food cuisine and has minimal table service.", "Fast food restaurant __knowledge__ The food served in fast food restaurants is typically part of a \"meat-sweet diet\", offered from a limited menu, cooked in bulk in advance and kept hot, finished and packaged to order, and usually available for take away, though seating may be provided.", "Fast food restaurant __knowledge__ Fast food restaurants are typically part of a restaurant chain or franchise operation that provisions standardized ingredients and/or partially prepared foods and supplies to each restaurant through controlled supply channels.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Food desert __knowledge__ A food desert is an area, especially one with low-income residents, that has limited access to affordable and nutritious food.", "Food desert __knowledge__ In contrast, an area with supermarkets or vegetable shops is termed a food oasis.", "Food desert __knowledge__ The term food desert considers the type and quality of food available to the population, in addition to the number, nature, and size of food stores that are accessible.", "Food desert __knowledge__ Food deserts are characterized by a lack of supermarkets which decreases residents’ access to fruits, vegetables and other whole foods.", "Food desert __knowledge__ In 2010, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) reported that 18 million Americans live in a food desert, meaning that they live more than one mile from a supermarket in urban or suburban areas, and more than 10 miles from a supermarket in rural areas.", "Fast food __knowledge__ Fast food is a mass-produced food that is prepared and served very quickly.", "Fast food __knowledge__ The food is typically less nutritionally valuable compared to other foods and dishes.", "Fast food __knowledge__ While any meal with low preparation time can be considered fast food, typically the term refers to food sold in a restaurant or store with frozen, preheated or precooked ingredients, and served to the customer in a packaged form for take-out/take-away.", "Fast food __knowledge__ Fast food restaurants are traditionally distinguished by their ability to serve food via a drive-through.", "Fast food __knowledge__ Outlets may be stands or kiosks, which may provide no shelter or seating, or fast food restaurants (also known as \"quick service restaurants\").", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ The following is a list of episodes for the reality television series \"The Great Food Truck Race\" on Food Network.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ There are seven truck teams competing in the race for a grand prize of $50,000.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Each truck team consists of a driver and two crew members who must staff the truck and are responsible for cooking, shopping, orders and publicity.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Every week they start off with no food to make things fair for all the teams who must make do with whatever cash Tyler Florence provides (seed money) at the start of each episode, in each new city.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ The trucks all convene in Los Angeles.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Austin Daily Press – This team from Austin, Texas serves hot, grilled sandwiches." ] ]

[ 1, 5, 3, 4 ]

[ "Food trucks are amazing I love eating at them they usually are housed in a large vehicle and can cook all the food inside.", "No its relatively cheap depending where you are, food trucks actually serve and estimated 2.5 billion people every day.", "Well food trucks usually serve regional fast food, which isn't very healthy.", "I'm not sure that would be case by case, but in recent years a lot of trucks specialize in gourmet cuisine so that might be a fun idea." ]

[ "Food truck", "Food truck", "Food truck", "Food truck" ]

[ "Traffic collision\nI had a traffic collision the other day. Someone not paying attention rear-ended my car.", "I was OK because I had my seat belt on and it was only about 15 mph. Still I was pretty mad at the guy for being so careless.", "I can't believe cars didn't use to have seat belts. They save so many lives.", "That legislation is much-needed. I also like how car seats are required for small children." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ A traffic collision, also called a motor vehicle collision (MVC) among other terms, occurs when a vehicle collides with another vehicle, pedestrian, animal, road debris, or other stationary obstruction, such as a tree, pole or building.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ Traffic collisions often result in injury, death, and property damage.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ A number of factors contribute to the risk of collision, including vehicle design, speed of operation, road design, road environment, and driver skill, impairment due to alcohol or drugs, and behavior, notably speeding and street racing.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ Worldwide, motor vehicle collisions lead to death and disability as well as financial costs to both society and the individuals involved.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ In 2013, 54 million people sustained injuries from traffic collisions.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ This resulted in 1.4 million deaths in 2013, up from 1.1 million deaths in 1990.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ About 68,000 of these occurred in children less than five years old.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ Almost all high-income countries have decreasing death rates, while the majority of low-income countries have increasing death rates due to traffic collisions.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ Middle-income countries have the highest rate with 20 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants, 80% of all road fatalities by only 52% of all vehicles.", "Gol Transportes Aéreos Flight 1907 __knowledge__ Gol Transportes Aéreos Flight 1907 (ICAO: GLO 1907) was a Boeing 737-8EH, registration PR-GTD, on a scheduled domestic passenger flight from Manaus, Brazil, to Rio de Janeiro.", "Gol Transportes Aéreos Flight 1907 __knowledge__ On 29 September 2006, at 16:56 BRT, it collided in midair with an Embraer Legacy 600 business jet over the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso.", "Gol Transportes Aéreos Flight 1907 __knowledge__ All 154 passengers and crew aboard the Boeing 737 died when the aircraft broke up in midair and crashed into an area of dense jungle, while the Embraer Legacy, despite sustaining serious damage to its left wing and tail, landed safely with its seven occupants uninjured.", "Gol Transportes Aéreos Flight 1907 __knowledge__ The accident, which triggered a crisis in Brazilian civil aviation, was the deadliest in that country's aviation history at the time, surpassing VASP Flight 168, which crashed in 1982 with 137 fatalities near Fortaleza.", "Traffic collisions in India __knowledge__ The frequency of traffic collisions in India is amongst the highest in the world.", "Traffic collisions in India __knowledge__ A National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) report revealed that every year, more than 135,000 traffic collision-related deaths occur in India.", "Traffic collisions in India __knowledge__ Tamil Nadu records the highest road accidents for a decade and its capital Chennai has more accidents than any other city in India.", "Traffic collisions in India __knowledge__ In New Delhi, the capital of India, the frequency of traffic collisions is 40 times higher than the rate in London, the capital of the United Kingdom.", "Traffic collisions in India __knowledge__ Traffic collision-related deaths increased from 13 per hour in 2008 to 14 per hour in 2009.", "Traffic collisions in India __knowledge__ More than 40 per cent of these casualties are associated with motorcycles and trucks.", "Traffic collision avoidance system __knowledge__ A traffic collision avoidance system or traffic alert and collision avoidance system (both abbreviated as TCAS, and pronounced \"tee-kas\") is an aircraft collision avoidance system designed to reduce the incidence of mid-air collisions between aircraft.", "Traffic collision avoidance system __knowledge__ It monitors the airspace around an aircraft for other aircraft equipped with a corresponding active transponder, independent of air traffic control, and warns pilots of the presence of other transponder-equipped aircraft which may present a threat of mid-air collision (MAC).", "Traffic collision avoidance system __knowledge__ It is a type of airborne collision avoidance system mandated by the International Civil Aviation Organization to be fitted to all aircraft with a maximum take-off mass (MTOM) of over or authorized to carry more than 19 passengers.", "Traffic collision reconstruction __knowledge__ Vehicular accident reconstruction is the scientific process of investigating, analyzing, and drawing conclusions about the causes and events during a vehicle collision.", "Traffic collision reconstruction __knowledge__ Reconstructionists are employed to conduct in-depth collision analysis and reconstruction to identify the collision causation and contributing factors in different types of collisions, including the role of the driver(s), vehicle(s), roadway and the environment.", "Traffic collision reconstruction __knowledge__ The laws of physics and engineering principles such as the conservation of linear momentum, work-energy methods, and kinematics are the basis for these analyses and may make use of software to calculate useful quantities.", "Collision avoidance system __knowledge__ A collision avoidance system is an automobile safety system designed to reduce the severity of a collision.", "Collision avoidance system __knowledge__ It is also known as a precrash system, forward collision warning system, or collision mitigating system.", "Collision avoidance system __knowledge__ It uses radar (all-weather) and sometimes laser (LIDAR) and camera (employing image recognition) to detect an imminent crash.", "Collision avoidance system __knowledge__ GPS sensors can detect fixed dangers such as approaching stop signs through a location database.", "Collision avoidance system __knowledge__ Once the detection is done, these systems either provide a warning to the driver when there is an imminent collision or take action autonomously without any driver input (by braking or steering or both).", "Lexus LS (XF40) __knowledge__ The Lexus LS (XF40) is the fourth generation of the Lexus LS line of flagship sedans.", "Lexus LS (XF40) __knowledge__ Lexus debuted the model line at the 2006 North American International Auto Show, with variants including the standard wheelbase LS 460 (USF40) and long wheelbase LS 460 L (USF41); the chassis codes (USF40/USF41) are derived from the fourth generation XF40 platform code and \"UR\" series engine designation.", "Lexus LS (XF40) __knowledge__ In development from 2001, the final design was selected for the V8 models in late 2003, with the hybrid variant's design finalized in 2004.", "Lexus LS (XF40) __knowledge__ Introduced at the 2006 New York International Auto Show, all-wheel drive hybrid models, the standard wheelbase LS 600h (UVF45) and long wheelbase LS 600h L (UVF46), joined the lineup in the 2008 model year." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ A traffic collision, also called a motor vehicle collision (MVC) among other terms, occurs when a vehicle collides with another vehicle, pedestrian, animal, road debris, or other stationary obstruction, such as a tree, pole or building.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ Traffic collisions often result in injury, death, and property damage.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ A number of factors contribute to the risk of collision, including vehicle design, speed of operation, road design, road environment, and driver skill, impairment due to alcohol or drugs, and behavior, notably speeding and street racing.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ Worldwide, motor vehicle collisions lead to death and disability as well as financial costs to both society and the individuals involved.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ In 2013, 54 million people sustained injuries from traffic collisions.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ This resulted in 1.4 million deaths in 2013, up from 1.1 million deaths in 1990.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ About 68,000 of these occurred in children less than five years old.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ Almost all high-income countries have decreasing death rates, while the majority of low-income countries have increasing death rates due to traffic collisions.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ Middle-income countries have the highest rate with 20 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants, 80% of all road fatalities by only 52% of all vehicles.", "Seat belt __knowledge__ A seat belt (also known as a seatbelt or safety belt) is a vehicle safety device designed to secure the occupant of a vehicle against harmful movement that may result during a collision or a sudden stop.", "Seat belt __knowledge__ A seat belt functions to reduce the likelihood of death or serious injury in a traffic collision by reducing the force of secondary impacts with interior strike hazards, by keeping occupants positioned correctly for maximum effectiveness of the airbag (if equipped) and by preventing occupants being ejected from the vehicle in a crash or if the vehicle rolls over.", "Seat belt __knowledge__ When in motion, the driver and passengers are travelling at the same speed as the car.", "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction __knowledge__ Speed limits in the United States vary depending on jurisdiction, with common in the Western United States and common in the Eastern United States.", "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction __knowledge__ States may also set special speed limits for trucks and night travel along with minimum speed limits.", "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction __knowledge__ The highest speed limit in the country is , which is posted on a single stretch of tollway in rural Texas.", "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction __knowledge__ In Alabama, it is illegal to drive at a speed that is not \"reasonable and prudent\" for the current conditions and hazards.", "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction __knowledge__ Drivers must also not drive so slowly that they impede the flow of traffic.", "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction __knowledge__ If the speed limit is not otherwise posted, it is: Trucks carrying hazardous materials are not to exceed .", "Seat belt legislation __knowledge__ Seat belt legislation requires the fitting of seat belts to motor vehicles and the wearing of seat belts by motor vehicle occupants to be mandatory.", "Seat belt legislation __knowledge__ Laws requiring the fitting of seat belts to cars have in some cases been followed by laws mandating their use, with the effect that thousands of deaths on the road have been prevented.", "Seat belt legislation __knowledge__ Different laws apply in different countries to the wearing of seat belts.", "Seat belt legislation __knowledge__ In Australia, after the introduction of mandatory front outboard mounting points in 1964, the use of seat belts by all vehicle passengers was made compulsory in the states of Victoria and South Australia in 1970 and 1971, respectively.", "Airbag __knowledge__ An airbag is a type of vehicle safety device and is an occupant restraint system.", "Airbag __knowledge__ The airbag module is designed to inflate extremely rapidly then quickly deflate during a collision or impact with a surface or a rapid sudden deceleration.", "Airbag __knowledge__ It consists of the airbag cushion, a flexible fabric bag, inflation module and impact sensor.", "Airbag __knowledge__ The purpose of the airbag is to provide the occupants a soft cushioning and restraint during a crash event to prevent or reduce any impact or impact-caused injuries between the flailing occupant and the interior of the vehicle.", "Airbag __knowledge__ The airbag provides an energy absorbing surface between the vehicle's occupant and a steering wheel, instrumental panel, A-B-C- structural body frame pillars, headliner and windshield/windscreen.", "Driving in the United States __knowledge__ Driving in the United States is similar to driving in Canada, Australia, and the United Kingdom but different from Europe, Asia, and Africa.", "Driving in the United States __knowledge__ Like most countries in the world, United States traffic drives on the right.", "Driving in the United States __knowledge__ It is not uncommon for Americans to drive more than an hour each way to work, and 77% of Americans drive alone to their work, while an additional 11% carpool.", "Driving in the United States __knowledge__ Most states allow people to drive unaccompanied once they have reached the age of sixteen, and all states require that one obtain a driver's license before they may operate a motor vehicle.", "Driving in the United States __knowledge__ All states recognize each other's driver's licenses, and Canada will recognize an American driver's license for a short visit.", "Guy Martin __knowledge__ Guy Martin (born 4 November 1981) is a British lorry-mechanic better known publicly as a motorcycle racer and a television personality.", "Guy Martin __knowledge__ Martin started racing in 1998, debuting on road circuits at the Isle of Man TT events in 2004, where he gained 15 podium finishes.", "Guy Martin __knowledge__ He has broken his back twice in racing accidents, in the 2010 TT and the 2015 Ulster Grand Prix.", "Guy Martin __knowledge__ Following the Ulster Grand Prix accident, Martin stated that he had retired from motorcycle racing although he never disclosed the decision publicly.", "Guy Martin __knowledge__ However following numerous approaches by Honda Racing team manager Neil Tuxworth, Martin confirmed in January 2017 that he had signed for Lincolnshire-based Honda Racing as partner to 23-times TT winner John McGuinness for the North West 200, Isle of Man TT and Southern 100 races.", "Child safety seat __knowledge__ A child safety seat (infant safety seat, child restraint system, child seat, baby seat, restraining car seat, car seat, etc.)", "Child safety seat __knowledge__ is a seat designed specifically to protect children from injury or death during vehicle collisions.", "Child safety seat __knowledge__ Most commonly these seats are purchased and installed by consumers, but car manufacturers may integrate them directly into their vehicle's design and generally are required to provide anchors and to ensure seat belt compatibility.", "Child safety seat __knowledge__ Many jurisdictions require children defined by age, weight, and/or height to use a government-approved child safety seat when riding in a vehicle.", "Road collision types __knowledge__ Road traffic collisions generally fall into one of four common types: Other types of collision may occur.", "Road collision types __knowledge__ Rollovers are not very common, but lead to greater rates of severe injury and death.", "Road collision types __knowledge__ Some of these are secondary events that occur after a collision with a run-off-road crash or a collision with another vehicle.", "Road collision types __knowledge__ If several vehicles are involved, the term 'serial crash' may be used.", "Road collision types __knowledge__ If many vehicles are involved, the term 'major incident' may be used rather than 'pile up'.", "Road collision types __knowledge__ Head-on collisions often have poor outcomes because of the speed involved when the collision takes place.", "Road collision types __knowledge__ The typical cause of head-on collisions is when one vehicle inadvertently strays into the path of an oncoming vehicle.", "Road traffic safety __knowledge__ Road traffic safety refers to the methods and measures used to prevent road users from being killed or seriously injured.", "Road traffic safety __knowledge__ Typical road users include: pedestrians, cyclists, motorists, vehicle passengers, horse-riders and passengers of on-road public transport (mainly buses and trams).", "Road traffic safety __knowledge__ Best-practices in modern road safety strategy: As sustainable solutions for all classes of road have not been identified, particularly low-traffic rural and remote roads, a hierarchy of control should be applied, similar to classifications used to improve occupational safety and health.", "Road traffic safety __knowledge__ At the highest level is sustainable prevention of serious injury and death crashes, with sustainable requiring all key result areas to be considered.", "Traffic light __knowledge__ Traffic lights, also known as traffic signals, traffic lamps, traffic semaphore, signal lights, stop lights, robots (in South Africa and most of Africa), and traffic control signals (in technical parlance), are signalling devices positioned at road intersections, pedestrian crossings, and other locations to control flows of traffic.", "Traffic light __knowledge__ The world's first traffic light was short lived.", "Traffic light __knowledge__ It was a manually operated gas-lit signal installed in London in December 1868.", "Traffic light __knowledge__ It exploded less than a month after it was implemented, injuring its policeman operator.", "Traffic light __knowledge__ Traffic control started to seem necessary in the late 1890s and Earnest Sirrine from Chicago patented the first automated traffic control system in 1910.", "Vehicle insurance __knowledge__ Vehicle insurance (also known as car insurance, motor insurance or auto insurance) is insurance for cars, trucks, motorcycles, and other road vehicles.", "Vehicle insurance __knowledge__ Its primary use is to provide financial protection against physical damage or bodily injury resulting from traffic collisions and against liability that could also arise there from.", "Vehicle insurance __knowledge__ Vehicle insurance may additionally offer financial protection against as theft of the vehicle, and against damage to the vehicle sustained from events other than traffic collisions, such as keying and damage sustained by colliding with stationary objects.", "Vehicle insurance __knowledge__ The specific terms of vehicle insurance vary with legal regulations in each region.", "Speed limit __knowledge__ Road speed limits are used in most countries to set the maximum (or minimum in some cases) speed at which road vehicles may legally travel on particular stretches of road.", "Speed limit __knowledge__ Speed limits may be variable and in some places speed is unlimited (e.g.", "Speed limit __knowledge__ on some Autobahn sections in Germany).", "Speed limit __knowledge__ Speed limits are normally indicated on a traffic sign.", "Speed limit __knowledge__ Speed limits are commonly set by the legislative bodies of nations or provincial governments and enforced by national or regional police or judicial bodies.", "Speed limit __knowledge__ The first maximum speed limit was the limit introduced in the United Kingdom in 1861.", "Speed limit __knowledge__ The highest posted speed limit in the world is , which applies to some motorways in UAE.", "Traffic collisions in India __knowledge__ The frequency of traffic collisions in India is amongst the highest in the world.", "Traffic collisions in India __knowledge__ A National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) report revealed that every year, more than 135,000 traffic collision-related deaths occur in India.", "Traffic collisions in India __knowledge__ Tamil Nadu records the highest road accidents for a decade and its capital Chennai has more accidents than any other city in India.", "Traffic collisions in India __knowledge__ In New Delhi, the capital of India, the frequency of traffic collisions is 40 times higher than the rate in London, the capital of the United Kingdom.", "Traffic collisions in India __knowledge__ Traffic collision-related deaths increased from 13 per hour in 2008 to 14 per hour in 2009.", "Traffic collisions in India __knowledge__ More than 40 per cent of these casualties are associated with motorcycles and trucks." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ A traffic collision, also called a motor vehicle collision (MVC) among other terms, occurs when a vehicle collides with another vehicle, pedestrian, animal, road debris, or other stationary obstruction, such as a tree, pole or building.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ Traffic collisions often result in injury, death, and property damage.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ A number of factors contribute to the risk of collision, including vehicle design, speed of operation, road design, road environment, and driver skill, impairment due to alcohol or drugs, and behavior, notably speeding and street racing.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ Worldwide, motor vehicle collisions lead to death and disability as well as financial costs to both society and the individuals involved.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ In 2013, 54 million people sustained injuries from traffic collisions.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ This resulted in 1.4 million deaths in 2013, up from 1.1 million deaths in 1990.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ About 68,000 of these occurred in children less than five years old.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ Almost all high-income countries have decreasing death rates, while the majority of low-income countries have increasing death rates due to traffic collisions.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ Middle-income countries have the highest rate with 20 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants, 80% of all road fatalities by only 52% of all vehicles.", "Seat belt __knowledge__ A seat belt (also known as a seatbelt or safety belt) is a vehicle safety device designed to secure the occupant of a vehicle against harmful movement that may result during a collision or a sudden stop.", "Seat belt __knowledge__ A seat belt functions to reduce the likelihood of death or serious injury in a traffic collision by reducing the force of secondary impacts with interior strike hazards, by keeping occupants positioned correctly for maximum effectiveness of the airbag (if equipped) and by preventing occupants being ejected from the vehicle in a crash or if the vehicle rolls over.", "Seat belt __knowledge__ When in motion, the driver and passengers are travelling at the same speed as the car.", "Seat belt legislation __knowledge__ Seat belt legislation requires the fitting of seat belts to motor vehicles and the wearing of seat belts by motor vehicle occupants to be mandatory.", "Seat belt legislation __knowledge__ Laws requiring the fitting of seat belts to cars have in some cases been followed by laws mandating their use, with the effect that thousands of deaths on the road have been prevented.", "Seat belt legislation __knowledge__ Different laws apply in different countries to the wearing of seat belts.", "Seat belt legislation __knowledge__ In Australia, after the introduction of mandatory front outboard mounting points in 1964, the use of seat belts by all vehicle passengers was made compulsory in the states of Victoria and South Australia in 1970 and 1971, respectively.", "Airbag __knowledge__ An airbag is a type of vehicle safety device and is an occupant restraint system.", "Airbag __knowledge__ The airbag module is designed to inflate extremely rapidly then quickly deflate during a collision or impact with a surface or a rapid sudden deceleration.", "Airbag __knowledge__ It consists of the airbag cushion, a flexible fabric bag, inflation module and impact sensor.", "Airbag __knowledge__ The purpose of the airbag is to provide the occupants a soft cushioning and restraint during a crash event to prevent or reduce any impact or impact-caused injuries between the flailing occupant and the interior of the vehicle.", "Airbag __knowledge__ The airbag provides an energy absorbing surface between the vehicle's occupant and a steering wheel, instrumental panel, A-B-C- structural body frame pillars, headliner and windshield/windscreen.", "School bus __knowledge__ A school bus is a type of bus owned, leased, contracted to, or operated by a school or school district and regularly used to transport students to and from school or school-related activities, but not including a charter bus or transit bus.", "School bus __knowledge__ Around the world, various configurations of buses are used; the most iconic examples are the yellow school buses seen in the United States and Canada.", "School bus __knowledge__ In North America, school buses are purpose-built vehicles distinguished from other types of buses by design characteristics mandated by federal and state regulations.", "School bus __knowledge__ In addition to the use of a vehicle-specific paint color (school bus yellow), school buses are fitted with exterior warning lights (to give them traffic priority) and multiple safety devices.", "Automobile safety __knowledge__ Automobile safety is the study and practice of design, construction, equipment and regulation to minimize the occurrence and consequences of traffic collisions.", "Automobile safety __knowledge__ Road traffic safety more broadly includes roadway design.", "Automobile safety __knowledge__ One of the first formal academic studies into improving vehicle safety was by Cornell Aeronautical Laboratory of Buffalo, New York.", "Automobile safety __knowledge__ The main conclusion of their extensive report is the crucial importance of seat belts and padded dashboards.", "Automobile safety __knowledge__ However, the primary vector of traffic-related deaths and injuries is the disproportionate mass and velocity of an automobile compared to that of the predominant victim, the pedestrian.", "Collision avoidance system __knowledge__ A collision avoidance system is an automobile safety system designed to reduce the severity of a collision.", "Collision avoidance system __knowledge__ It is also known as a precrash system, forward collision warning system, or collision mitigating system.", "Collision avoidance system __knowledge__ It uses radar (all-weather) and sometimes laser (LIDAR) and camera (employing image recognition) to detect an imminent crash.", "Collision avoidance system __knowledge__ GPS sensors can detect fixed dangers such as approaching stop signs through a location database.", "Collision avoidance system __knowledge__ Once the detection is done, these systems either provide a warning to the driver when there is an imminent collision or take action autonomously without any driver input (by braking or steering or both).", "Oldsmobile 98 __knowledge__ The Oldsmobile 98 (sometimes spelled Ninety-Eight after 1958) is the full-size flagship model of Oldsmobile that was produced from 1940 until 1996.", "Oldsmobile 98 __knowledge__ The name — reflecting a \"Series 90\" fitted with an 8-cylinder engine — first appeared in 1941 and was used again after American consumer automobile production resumed post-World War II.", "Oldsmobile 98 __knowledge__ It was, as it would remain, the division's top-of-the-line model, with lesser Oldsmobiles having lower numbers such as the A-body 66 and 68, and the B-body 76 and 78.", "Oldsmobile 98 __knowledge__ The Series 60 was retired in 1949, the same year the Oldsmobile 78 was replaced by the 88.", "Oldsmobile 98 __knowledge__ The Oldsmobile 76 was retired after 1950.", "Child safety seat __knowledge__ A child safety seat (infant safety seat, child restraint system, child seat, baby seat, restraining car seat, car seat, etc.)", "Child safety seat __knowledge__ is a seat designed specifically to protect children from injury or death during vehicle collisions.", "Child safety seat __knowledge__ Most commonly these seats are purchased and installed by consumers, but car manufacturers may integrate them directly into their vehicle's design and generally are required to provide anchors and to ensure seat belt compatibility.", "Child safety seat __knowledge__ Many jurisdictions require children defined by age, weight, and/or height to use a government-approved child safety seat when riding in a vehicle.", "Adrian Hobbs __knowledge__ Charles Adrian Hobbs (born January 1946, in Ilkley, West Yorkshire, UK) is a safety expert in vehicle crashworthiness with a background in accident and injury investigation, and analysis.", "Adrian Hobbs __knowledge__ As an engineer and later as Honorary Chief Research Scientist, Hobbs has been involved in the UK Government’s programme of Crash Injury Research for nearly 30 years.", "Adrian Hobbs __knowledge__ A pioneer in his field, key highlights of his career include undertaking the research that helped lead to the mandatory wearing of the seat belt in the UK, the development of the Offset Deformable Frontal Barrier Crash Test and the establishment of the safety organisation Euro NCAP." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ A traffic collision, also called a motor vehicle collision (MVC) among other terms, occurs when a vehicle collides with another vehicle, pedestrian, animal, road debris, or other stationary obstruction, such as a tree, pole or building.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ Traffic collisions often result in injury, death, and property damage.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ A number of factors contribute to the risk of collision, including vehicle design, speed of operation, road design, road environment, and driver skill, impairment due to alcohol or drugs, and behavior, notably speeding and street racing.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ Worldwide, motor vehicle collisions lead to death and disability as well as financial costs to both society and the individuals involved.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ In 2013, 54 million people sustained injuries from traffic collisions.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ This resulted in 1.4 million deaths in 2013, up from 1.1 million deaths in 1990.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ About 68,000 of these occurred in children less than five years old.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ Almost all high-income countries have decreasing death rates, while the majority of low-income countries have increasing death rates due to traffic collisions.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ Middle-income countries have the highest rate with 20 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants, 80% of all road fatalities by only 52% of all vehicles.", "Child safety seat __knowledge__ A child safety seat (infant safety seat, child restraint system, child seat, baby seat, restraining car seat, car seat, etc.)", "Child safety seat __knowledge__ is a seat designed specifically to protect children from injury or death during vehicle collisions.", "Child safety seat __knowledge__ Most commonly these seats are purchased and installed by consumers, but car manufacturers may integrate them directly into their vehicle's design and generally are required to provide anchors and to ensure seat belt compatibility.", "Child safety seat __knowledge__ Many jurisdictions require children defined by age, weight, and/or height to use a government-approved child safety seat when riding in a vehicle.", "Gate check bags __knowledge__ Gate check bags are travel bags specially designed for the transportation and storage of car seats and strollers or pushchairs.", "Gate check bags __knowledge__ Generally used for airline travel, they also provide protection from dust when in storage for the occasional user.", "Gate check bags __knowledge__ When used for airline travel the strollers and car seats are placed in gate check bags at the departure gate before boarding.", "Gate check bags __knowledge__ The bags protect strollers and car seats from dirt whilst in the loading / cargo bay as well as from elements such as rain or snow if left on the tarmac.", "Gate check bags __knowledge__ Strollers and car seats can be checked without a bag but companies do not assume any liability for damage so it is advised to use a special bag.", "Seat belt __knowledge__ A seat belt (also known as a seatbelt or safety belt) is a vehicle safety device designed to secure the occupant of a vehicle against harmful movement that may result during a collision or a sudden stop.", "Seat belt __knowledge__ A seat belt functions to reduce the likelihood of death or serious injury in a traffic collision by reducing the force of secondary impacts with interior strike hazards, by keeping occupants positioned correctly for maximum effectiveness of the airbag (if equipped) and by preventing occupants being ejected from the vehicle in a crash or if the vehicle rolls over.", "Seat belt __knowledge__ When in motion, the driver and passengers are travelling at the same speed as the car.", "Baby transport __knowledge__ Various methods of transporting children have been used in different cultures and times.", "Baby transport __knowledge__ These methods include baby carriages (prams in British English), infant car seats, portable bassinets (carrycots), strollers (pushchairs), slings, backpacks, baskets and bicycle carriers.", "Baby transport __knowledge__ The large, heavy prams (short for perambulator), which had become popular during the Victorian era, were replaced by lighter designs during the latter half of the 1900s.", "Baby transport __knowledge__ Infant carrying likely emerged early in human evolution as the emergence of bipedalism would have necessitated some means of carrying babies who could no longer cling to their mothers and/or simply sit on top of their mother's back.", "Expiration date __knowledge__ An expiration date or expiry date is a previously determined date after which something should no longer be used, either by operation of law or by exceeding the anticipated shelf life for perishable goods.", "Expiration date __knowledge__ Expiration dates are applied to selected food products and to some other manufactured products like infant car seats where the age of the product may impact its safe use. Arbitrary expiration dates are also commonly applied by companies to product coupons, promotional offers and credit cards.", "Expiration date __knowledge__ In these contexts, the expiration date is chosen for business reasons or to provide some security function rather than any product safety concern.", "West Midlands (region) __knowledge__ The West Midlands is one of nine official regions of England at the first level of NUTS for statistical purposes.", "West Midlands (region) __knowledge__ It covers the western half of the area traditionally known as the Midlands.", "West Midlands (region) __knowledge__ It contains Birmingham and the larger West Midlands conurbation, which includes the city of Wolverhampton and large towns of Dudley, Solihull, Walsall and West Bromwich.", "West Midlands (region) __knowledge__ The City of Coventry (once known as the UK's answer to the USA's 'Motor City' Detroit) is also located within the West Midlands county, but is separated from the conurbation to the west by several miles of green belt.", "West Midlands (region) __knowledge__ The region is geographically diverse, from the urban central areas of the conurbation to the rural western counties of Shropshire and Herefordshire which border Wales.", "History of the Labour Party (UK) __knowledge__ The British Labour Party grew out of the trade union movement of the late 19th century, and surpassed the Liberal Party as the main opposition to the Conservatives in the early 1920s.", "History of the Labour Party (UK) __knowledge__ In the 1930s and 1940s it stressed national planning, using nationalization of industry as a tool, in line with Clause IV of the original constitution of the Labour Party which called for the \"...common ownership of the means of production, distribution, and exchange, and the best obtainable system of popular administration and control of each industry or service\" (this clause was eventually revised in 1994).", "History of the Labour Party (UK) __knowledge__ Labour has had several spells in government, first as minority governments under Ramsay MacDonald in 1924 and 1929–31.", "Seat belt legislation __knowledge__ Seat belt legislation requires the fitting of seat belts to motor vehicles and the wearing of seat belts by motor vehicle occupants to be mandatory.", "Seat belt legislation __knowledge__ Laws requiring the fitting of seat belts to cars have in some cases been followed by laws mandating their use, with the effect that thousands of deaths on the road have been prevented.", "Seat belt legislation __knowledge__ Different laws apply in different countries to the wearing of seat belts.", "Seat belt legislation __knowledge__ In Australia, after the introduction of mandatory front outboard mounting points in 1964, the use of seat belts by all vehicle passengers was made compulsory in the states of Victoria and South Australia in 1970 and 1971, respectively.", "Airbag __knowledge__ An airbag is a type of vehicle safety device and is an occupant restraint system.", "Airbag __knowledge__ The airbag module is designed to inflate extremely rapidly then quickly deflate during a collision or impact with a surface or a rapid sudden deceleration.", "Airbag __knowledge__ It consists of the airbag cushion, a flexible fabric bag, inflation module and impact sensor.", "Airbag __knowledge__ The purpose of the airbag is to provide the occupants a soft cushioning and restraint during a crash event to prevent or reduce any impact or impact-caused injuries between the flailing occupant and the interior of the vehicle.", "Airbag __knowledge__ The airbag provides an energy absorbing surface between the vehicle's occupant and a steering wheel, instrumental panel, A-B-C- structural body frame pillars, headliner and windshield/windscreen.", "School bus __knowledge__ A school bus is a type of bus owned, leased, contracted to, or operated by a school or school district and regularly used to transport students to and from school or school-related activities, but not including a charter bus or transit bus.", "School bus __knowledge__ Around the world, various configurations of buses are used; the most iconic examples are the yellow school buses seen in the United States and Canada.", "School bus __knowledge__ In North America, school buses are purpose-built vehicles distinguished from other types of buses by design characteristics mandated by federal and state regulations.", "School bus __knowledge__ In addition to the use of a vehicle-specific paint color (school bus yellow), school buses are fitted with exterior warning lights (to give them traffic priority) and multiple safety devices.", "Automobile safety __knowledge__ Automobile safety is the study and practice of design, construction, equipment and regulation to minimize the occurrence and consequences of traffic collisions.", "Automobile safety __knowledge__ Road traffic safety more broadly includes roadway design.", "Automobile safety __knowledge__ One of the first formal academic studies into improving vehicle safety was by Cornell Aeronautical Laboratory of Buffalo, New York.", "Automobile safety __knowledge__ The main conclusion of their extensive report is the crucial importance of seat belts and padded dashboards.", "Automobile safety __knowledge__ However, the primary vector of traffic-related deaths and injuries is the disproportionate mass and velocity of an automobile compared to that of the predominant victim, the pedestrian.", "Collision avoidance system __knowledge__ A collision avoidance system is an automobile safety system designed to reduce the severity of a collision.", "Collision avoidance system __knowledge__ It is also known as a precrash system, forward collision warning system, or collision mitigating system.", "Collision avoidance system __knowledge__ It uses radar (all-weather) and sometimes laser (LIDAR) and camera (employing image recognition) to detect an imminent crash.", "Collision avoidance system __knowledge__ GPS sensors can detect fixed dangers such as approaching stop signs through a location database.", "Collision avoidance system __knowledge__ Once the detection is done, these systems either provide a warning to the driver when there is an imminent collision or take action autonomously without any driver input (by braking or steering or both)." ] ]

[ 2, 11, 13, 13 ]

[ "I sure hope you are ok. Traffic collisions often can cause injury, even death.", "I am glad to hear about wearing the seat belt. They can reduce injury by reducing the force of impact", " I know! Now they have legislation to require the fitting of seat belts to cars.", "Yes, it depends of the kids weight or age. If they are below a cetain threshold, they must have a government approved safety seat" ]

[ "Traffic collision", "Traffic collision", "Traffic collision", "Traffic collision" ]

[ "Multilingualism", "Nope I only speak english ", "I wish I spoke a second language a lot of better jobs require it now" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ Multilingualism is the use of more than one language, either by an individual speaker or by a community of speakers.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ It is believed that multilingual speakers outnumber monolingual speakers in the world's population.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ More than half of all Europeans claim to speak at least one language other than their mother tongue.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ Multilingualism is becoming a social phenomenon governed by the needs of globalization and cultural openness.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ Owing to the ease of access to information facilitated by the Internet, individuals' exposure to multiple languages is becoming increasingly frequent, thereby promoting a need to acquire additional languages.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ People who speak several languages are also called polyglots.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ Multilingual speakers have acquired and maintained at least one language during childhood, the so-called first language (L1).", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ The first language (sometimes also referred to as the mother tongue) is acquired without formal education, by mechanisms heavily disputed.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ Children acquiring two languages in this way are called simultaneous bilinguals.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ Even in the case of simultaneous bilinguals, one language usually dominates the other.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ People who know more than one language have been reported to be more adept at language learning compared to monolinguals." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ Multilingualism is the use of more than one language, either by an individual speaker or by a community of speakers.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ It is believed that multilingual speakers outnumber monolingual speakers in the world's population.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ More than half of all Europeans claim to speak at least one language other than their mother tongue.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ Multilingualism is becoming a social phenomenon governed by the needs of globalization and cultural openness.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ Owing to the ease of access to information facilitated by the Internet, individuals' exposure to multiple languages is becoming increasingly frequent, thereby promoting a need to acquire additional languages.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ People who speak several languages are also called polyglots.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ Multilingual speakers have acquired and maintained at least one language during childhood, the so-called first language (L1).", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ The first language (sometimes also referred to as the mother tongue) is acquired without formal education, by mechanisms heavily disputed.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ Children acquiring two languages in this way are called simultaneous bilinguals.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ Even in the case of simultaneous bilinguals, one language usually dominates the other.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ People who know more than one language have been reported to be more adept at language learning compared to monolinguals.", "Speak English or Die __knowledge__ Speak English or Die is the debut studio album by the crossover thrash band Stormtroopers of Death (S.O.D.", "Speak English or Die __knowledge__ ), released in August 1985.", "Speak English or Die __knowledge__ Parts of the songs, \"March of the S.O.D.", "Speak English or Die __knowledge__ \", \"Milano Mosh\", \"Chromatic Death,\" and \"Sargent D and the S.O.D.", "Speak English or Die __knowledge__ \", were used for commercial breaks of MTV's \"Headbanger's Ball\" in the early 1990s.", "Speak English or Die __knowledge__ After Anthrax finished recording \"Spreading the Disease\", there was still some studio time left, so members Scott Ian and Charlie Benante called some friends, practiced some songs, and recorded it all within a week.", "Speak English or Die __knowledge__ Many point to this album - and particularly, the song \"Milk\" - as one of the first songs to feature a blast beat, courtesy of Benante.", "List of Tiny Toon Adventures characters __knowledge__ The \"Tiny Toon Adventures\" animated television series features an extensive cast of characters.", "List of Tiny Toon Adventures characters __knowledge__ The show's central characters are mostly various forms of anthropomorphic animals, based on Looney Tunes characters from earlier films and shows.", "List of Tiny Toon Adventures characters __knowledge__ In the series, the characters attend a school called Acme Looniversity, set in the cartoon community of Acme Acres.", "List of Tiny Toon Adventures characters __knowledge__ Buster Bunny (initially voiced by Charlie Adler and later by John Kassir) is a main character of the show along with Babs Bunny.", "List of Tiny Toon Adventures characters __knowledge__ Buster is a young, blue-and-white male rabbit with a red shirt and white gloves.", "List of Tiny Toon Adventures characters __knowledge__ Bugs Bunny is his mentor.", "List of Tiny Toon Adventures characters __knowledge__ In the last episode, \"It's a Wonderful Tiny Toon Christmas Special\", Babs states that Buster is indeed her boyfriend.", "Singlish __knowledge__ Colloquial Singaporean English, better known as Singlish, is an English-based creole language spoken in Singapore.", "Singlish __knowledge__ While English is one of Singapore's official languages, Singlish is commonly regarded as having low prestige.", "Singlish __knowledge__ The Singaporean government and some Singaporeans alike heavily discourage the use of Singlish in favour of Standard English.", "Singlish __knowledge__ The government has created an annual Speak Good English Movement to emphasise the point.", "Singlish __knowledge__ Singlish is also heavily discouraged in the mass media and in schools.", "Singlish __knowledge__ However, such official discouragement and routine censorship is actually countered by other presentations in mainstream media, including routine usage by ordinary people in street interviews broadcast on TV and radio on a daily basis, as well as occasional usage in newspapers.", "English language in Europe __knowledge__ The English language in Europe, as a native language, is mainly spoken in the United Kingdom and Ireland.", "English language in Europe __knowledge__ Outside of these states, it has a special status in the Crown dependencies (Isle of Man, Jersey and Guernsey), Gibraltar (one of the British Overseas Territories) and Malta.", "English language in Europe __knowledge__ In the Kingdom of the Netherlands, English has an official status as a regional language on the isles of Saba and Sint Eustatius.", "English language in Europe __knowledge__ In other parts of Europe, English is spoken mainly by those who have learnt it as a second language, but also, to a lesser extent, natively by some expatriates from some countries in the English-speaking world.", "Languages of Canada __knowledge__ A multitude of languages are used in Canada.", "Languages of Canada __knowledge__ According to the 2011 census, English and French are the mother tongues of 56.9% and 21.3% of Canadians respectively.", "Languages of Canada __knowledge__ In total 85.6% of Canadians have working knowledge of English while 30.1% have a working knowledge of French.", "Languages of Canada __knowledge__ Under the Official Languages Act of 1969, both English and French have official federal status throughout Canada, in respect of all government services, including the courts, and all federal legislation is enacted bilingually.", "Languages of Canada __knowledge__ New Brunswick is the only Canadian province that has both English and French as its official languages to the same extent, with constitutional entrenchment.", "Yip Yips __knowledge__ The Yip Yips (also known as the Martians or aliens) are characters on the popular American children's television show \"Sesame Street\".", "Yip Yips __knowledge__ They are interplanetary visitors, from the planet Mars(in the first skit, as soon as they descend, their first words to each other are \"...Not Mars.\"", "Yip Yips __knowledge__ \"Nope.\").", "Yip Yips __knowledge__ They marvel at devices such as clocks, telephones and computers.", "Yip Yips __knowledge__ When frightened, each covers its face with the lower part of its jaw while making a distinctive \"goom\" noise.", "Yip Yips __knowledge__ In their skits, these creatures, with squid-like tentacles, large eyes, and antennae, materialize into a room and say, \"Yip-yip-yip-yip... Uh-huh.", "Stormtroopers of Death __knowledge__ Stormtroopers of Death (also known as S.O.D.)", "Stormtroopers of Death __knowledge__ were an American crossover thrash band formed in New York City in 1985.", "Stormtroopers of Death __knowledge__ They are credited as being among the first bands to fuse hardcore punk with thrash metal into a style sometimes referred to as crossover thrash.", "Stormtroopers of Death __knowledge__ The band is also known for reuniting Anthrax members Scott Ian (guitars) and Charlie Benante (drums) with their former bassist Dan Lilker.", "Stormtroopers of Death __knowledge__ The song \"Milano Mosh\" from their 1985 debut album, \"Speak English or Die\", was the \"Headbanger's Ball\" intro anthem for many years.", "Stormtroopers of Death __knowledge__ The band were the source of some controversy due to the deliberately racist and misogynist lyrics.", "Neuroscience of multilingualism __knowledge__ Various aspects of multilingualism have been studied in the field of neurology.", "Neuroscience of multilingualism __knowledge__ These include the representation of different language systems in the brain, the effects of multilingualism on the brain's structural plasticity, aphasia in multilingual individuals, and bimodal bilinguals (people who can speak one sign language and one oral language).", "Neuroscience of multilingualism __knowledge__ Neurological studies of multilingualism are carried out with functional neuroimaging, electrophysiology, and through observation of people who have suffered brain damage.", "Neuroscience of multilingualism __knowledge__ The brain contains areas that are specialized to deal with language, located in the perisylvian cortex of the left hemisphere.", "Monolingualism __knowledge__ Monoglottism (Greek μόνοσ \"monos\", \"alone, solitary\", + γλώττα \"glotta\", \"tongue, language\") or, more commonly, monolingualism or unilingualism, is the condition of being able to speak only a single language, as opposed to multilingualism.", "Monolingualism __knowledge__ In a different context, \"unilingualism\" may refer to a language policy which enforces an official or national language over others.", "Monolingualism __knowledge__ Being monolingual or unilingual is also said of a text, dictionary, or conversation written or conducted in only one language, and of an entity in which a single language is either used or officially recognized (in particular when being compared with bilingual or multilingual entities or in the presence of individuals speaking different languages).", "Code-switching __knowledge__ In linguistics, code-switching occurs when a speaker alternates between two or more languages, or language varieties, in the context of a single conversation.", "Code-switching __knowledge__ Multilinguals, speakers of more than one language, sometimes use elements of multiple languages when conversing with each other.", "Code-switching __knowledge__ Thus, code-switching is the use of more than one linguistic variety in a manner consistent with the syntax and phonology of each variety.", "Code-switching __knowledge__ Code-switching is distinct from other language contact phenomena, such as borrowing, pidgins and creoles, loan translation (calques), and language transfer (language interference).", "Simultaneous bilingualism __knowledge__ Simultaneous bilingualism is a form of bilingualism that takes place when a child becomes bilingual by learning two languages from birth.", "Simultaneous bilingualism __knowledge__ According to Annick De Houwer, in an article in \"The Handbook of Child Language\", simultaneous bilingualism takes place in \"children who are regularly addressed in two spoken languages from before the age of two and who continue to be regularly addressed in those languages up until the final stages\" of language development.", "Simultaneous bilingualism __knowledge__ Both languages are acquired as first languages.", "Simultaneous bilingualism __knowledge__ This is in contrast to sequential bilingualism, in which the second language is learned not as a native language but a foreign language.", "Language __knowledge__ Language is a system that consists of the development, acquisition, maintenance and use of complex systems of communication, particularly the human ability to do so; and a language is any specific example of such a system.", "Language __knowledge__ The scientific study of language is called linguistics.", "Language __knowledge__ Questions concerning the philosophy of language, such as whether words can represent experience, have been debated at least since Gorgias and Plato in ancient Greece.", "Language __knowledge__ Thinkers such as Rousseau have argued that language originated from emotions while others like Kant have held that it originated from rational and logical thought.", "Languages of the European Union __knowledge__ The languages of the European Union are languages used by people within the member states of the European Union (EU).", "Languages of the European Union __knowledge__ The EU has 24 official languages, of which three (English, French and German) have the higher status of \"procedural\" languages of the European Commission (whereas the European Parliament accepts all official languages as working languages).", "Languages of the European Union __knowledge__ One language (Irish) previously had the lower status of \"treaty language\" before being upgraded to an official and working language in 2007, although it has been temporarily derogated as a working language until 2021 due to difficulty finding qualified translators." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ Multilingualism is the use of more than one language, either by an individual speaker or by a community of speakers.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ It is believed that multilingual speakers outnumber monolingual speakers in the world's population.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ More than half of all Europeans claim to speak at least one language other than their mother tongue.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ Multilingualism is becoming a social phenomenon governed by the needs of globalization and cultural openness.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ Owing to the ease of access to information facilitated by the Internet, individuals' exposure to multiple languages is becoming increasingly frequent, thereby promoting a need to acquire additional languages.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ People who speak several languages are also called polyglots.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ Multilingual speakers have acquired and maintained at least one language during childhood, the so-called first language (L1).", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ The first language (sometimes also referred to as the mother tongue) is acquired without formal education, by mechanisms heavily disputed.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ Children acquiring two languages in this way are called simultaneous bilinguals.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ Even in the case of simultaneous bilinguals, one language usually dominates the other.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ People who know more than one language have been reported to be more adept at language learning compared to monolinguals.", "Languages of Israel __knowledge__ The Israeli population is a linguistically and culturally diverse community.", "Languages of Israel __knowledge__ The 19th edition of Ethnologue lists 35 languages and dialects spoken in local communities.", "Languages of Israel __knowledge__ Hebrew, which is one of the country's two official languages, is the primary language of Israel, and almost the entire population speaks it either as native speakers or proficiently as a second language.", "Languages of Israel __knowledge__ Its standard form, known as Modern Hebrew, is the main medium of life in Israel.", "Languages of Israel __knowledge__ Arabic, used mainly by Israel's Arab minority, which comprises about one-fifth of the population, is the country's second official language.", "Languages of Israel __knowledge__ English, spoken as a second language by the majority of the Israeli population, is used widely in official logos, road signs and product labels.", "Second-language acquisition __knowledge__ Second-language acquisition (SLA), second-language learning, or L2 (language 2) acquisition, is the process by which people learn a second language.", "Second-language acquisition __knowledge__ Second-language acquisition is also the scientific discipline devoted to studying that process.", "Second-language acquisition __knowledge__ The field of second-language acquisition is a subdiscipline of applied linguistics, but also receives research attention from a variety of other disciplines, such as psychology and education.", "Second-language acquisition __knowledge__ A central theme in SLA research is that of \"interlanguage\", the idea that the language that learners use is not simply the result of differences between the languages that they already know and the language that they are learning, but that it is a complete language system in its own right, with its own systematic rules.", "Foreign language __knowledge__ A foreign language is a language originally from another country.", "Foreign language __knowledge__ It is also a language not spoken in the native country of the person referred to, i.e., an English speaker living in Spain can say that Spanish is a foreign language to him or her.", "Foreign language __knowledge__ These two characterisations do not exhaust the possible definitions, however, and the label is occasionally applied in ways that are variously misleading or factually inaccurate.", "Foreign language __knowledge__ Some children learn more than one language from birth or from a very young age: they are bilingual or multilingual.", "Foreign language __knowledge__ These children can be said to have two, three or more mother tongues: neither language is foreign to that child, even if one language is a foreign language for the vast majority of people in the child's birth country.", "Embodied bilingual language __knowledge__ Embodied bilingual language, also known as L2 embodiment, is the idea that people mentally simulate their actions, perceptions, and emotions when speaking and understanding a second language (L2) as with their first language (L1).", "Embodied bilingual language __knowledge__ It is closely related to embodied cognition and embodied language processing, both of which only refer to native language thinking and speaking.", "Embodied bilingual language __knowledge__ An example of embodied bilingual language would be situation in which a L1 English speaker learning Spanish as a second language hears the word \"rápido\" (\"fast\") in Spanish while taking notes and then proceeds to take notes more quickly.", "Digital literacy __knowledge__ Digital literacy is the set of competencies required for full participation in a knowledge society.", "Digital literacy __knowledge__ It includes knowledge, skills, and behaviors involving the effective use of digital devices such as smartphones, tablets, laptops and desktop PCs for purposes of communication, expression, collaboration and advocacy.", "Digital literacy __knowledge__ While digital literacy initially focused on digital skills and stand-alone computers, the focus has shifted from stand-alone to network devices including the Internet and social media.", "Digital literacy __knowledge__ The term digital literacy was simplified by Paul Gilster in his 1997 book Digital Literacy.", "Digital literacy __knowledge__ Gilster described digital literacy as the usage and comprehension of information in the digital age, and also emphasized the importance of digital technologies as an \"essential life skill.\"", "English as a second or foreign language __knowledge__ English as a second or foreign language is the use of English by speakers with different native languages.", "English as a second or foreign language __knowledge__ Instruction for English-language learners may be known as English as a second language (ESL), English as a foreign language (EFL), English as an additional language (EAL), or English for speakers of other languages (ESOL).", "English as a second or foreign language __knowledge__ English as a foreign language (EFL) is used for non-native English speakers learning English in a country where English is not commonly spoken.", "English as a second or foreign language __knowledge__ The term ESL has been seen by some to indicate that English would be of secondary importance.", "English as a second or foreign language __knowledge__ For example, where English is used as a Lingua Franca in a multilingual country.", "Monolingualism __knowledge__ Monoglottism (Greek μόνοσ \"monos\", \"alone, solitary\", + γλώττα \"glotta\", \"tongue, language\") or, more commonly, monolingualism or unilingualism, is the condition of being able to speak only a single language, as opposed to multilingualism.", "Monolingualism __knowledge__ In a different context, \"unilingualism\" may refer to a language policy which enforces an official or national language over others.", "Monolingualism __knowledge__ Being monolingual or unilingual is also said of a text, dictionary, or conversation written or conducted in only one language, and of an entity in which a single language is either used or officially recognized (in particular when being compared with bilingual or multilingual entities or in the presence of individuals speaking different languages).", "Neuroscience of multilingualism __knowledge__ Various aspects of multilingualism have been studied in the field of neurology.", "Neuroscience of multilingualism __knowledge__ These include the representation of different language systems in the brain, the effects of multilingualism on the brain's structural plasticity, aphasia in multilingual individuals, and bimodal bilinguals (people who can speak one sign language and one oral language).", "Neuroscience of multilingualism __knowledge__ Neurological studies of multilingualism are carried out with functional neuroimaging, electrophysiology, and through observation of people who have suffered brain damage.", "Neuroscience of multilingualism __knowledge__ The brain contains areas that are specialized to deal with language, located in the perisylvian cortex of the left hemisphere.", "Translanguaging __knowledge__ Translanguaging is the process whereby multilingual speakers utilize their languages as an integrated communication system.", "Translanguaging __knowledge__ It is a dynamic process in which multilingual language users mediate complex social and cognitive activities through strategic employment of multiple semiotic resources to act, to know and to be.", "Translanguaging __knowledge__ Translanguaging involves issues of language production, effective communication, the function of language, and the thought processes behind language use.", "Translanguaging __knowledge__ It is believed that the term was first coined in Welsh by Cen Williams as \"trawsieithu\" in his 1994 unpublished thesis titled, \"An evaluation of teaching and learning methods in the context of bilingual secondary education\".", "Francization of Brussels __knowledge__ The Francization (or Francisation) of Brussels (, ) refers to the transformation of Brussels, Belgium, from a majority Dutch-speaking city to one that is bilingual or even multilingual, with French as both the majority language and lingua franca.", "Francization of Brussels __knowledge__ Initially, the dominant aspect of this transition was the shift from Dutch to French among local Flemings in Brussels.", "Francization of Brussels __knowledge__ This shift occurred over one or more generations, mirroring the advance of French elsewhere as a prestige language; subsequently, the dominance of French in Brussels has been further consolidated through internal migration of Francophone Walloons into the national capital, as well as by the immigration of non-Belgians, who either already spoke French or adopted it on arrival.", "Language shift __knowledge__ Language shift, also known as language transfer or language replacement or language assimilation, is the process whereby a community of speakers of a language shifts to speaking a completely different language, usually over an extended period of time.", "Language shift __knowledge__ Often, languages that are perceived to be higher status stabilise or spread at the expense of other languages that are perceived by their own speakers to be lower-status.", "Language shift __knowledge__ An example is the shift from Gaulish to Latin that occurred in what is now France during the time of the Roman Empire.", "Language shift __knowledge__ For prehistory, Forster et al.", "Language shift __knowledge__ (2004) and Forster and Renfrew (2011) observe that there is a correlation of language shift with intrusive male Y chromosomes but not necessarily with intrusive female mtDNA.", "Heritage language learning __knowledge__ Heritage language learning or heritage language acquisition is the act of learning a heritage language from an ethnolinguistic group that traditionally speaks the language, or from those whose family historically spoke the language.", "Heritage language learning __knowledge__ According to a commonly accepted definition by Valdés, heritage languages are generally minority languages in society and are typically learned at home during childhood.", "Heritage language learning __knowledge__ When a heritage language learner grows up in an environment with a dominant language that is different from their heritage language, the learner appears to be more competent in the dominant language and often feels more comfortable speaking in that language." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 4 ]

[ "Hi are you a multilingual? I speak more than one language. ", "Well then you might be in the minority. Multilingual speakers outnumber monolingual speakers.", "You're right, multilingualism is becoming a social phenomenon due to globalization. " ]

[ "Multilingualism", "Multilingualism", "Multilingualism" ]

[ "Artist", "Yeah, i bet! I feel like abstract compositions actually take a lot of thought and time.", "Right! Writing takes a lot of creativity! Especially organizing information into different paragraphs and sections.", "Wow! Is there a certain time period when art was started?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Artist __knowledge__ An artist is a person engaged in an activity related to creating art, practicing the arts, or demonstrating an art.", "Artist __knowledge__ The common usage in both everyday speech and academic discourse is a practitioner in the visual arts only.", "Artist __knowledge__ The term is often used in the entertainment business, especially in a business context, for musicians and other performers (less often for actors).", "Artist __knowledge__ \"Artiste\" (the French for artist) is a variant used in English only in this context.", "Artist __knowledge__ Use of the term to describe writers, for example, is valid, but less common, and mostly restricted to contexts like criticism.", "Artist __knowledge__ Wiktionary defines the noun 'artist' (Singular: artist; Plural: artists) as follows: The Oxford English Dictionary defines the older broad meanings of the term \"artist\": The Greek word \"techně\", often translated as \"art,\" implies mastery of any sort of craft.", "Artist __knowledge__ The adjectival Latin form of the word, \"technicus\", became the source of the English words technique, technology, technical.", "Artist __knowledge__ In Greek culture each of the nine Muses oversaw a different field of human creation: No muse was identified with the visual arts of painting and sculpture.", "Artist __knowledge__ In ancient Greece sculptors and painters were held in low regard, somewhere between freemen and slaves, their work regarded as mere manual labour." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Artist __knowledge__ An artist is a person engaged in an activity related to creating art, practicing the arts, or demonstrating an art.", "Artist __knowledge__ The common usage in both everyday speech and academic discourse is a practitioner in the visual arts only.", "Artist __knowledge__ The term is often used in the entertainment business, especially in a business context, for musicians and other performers (less often for actors).", "Artist __knowledge__ \"Artiste\" (the French for artist) is a variant used in English only in this context.", "Artist __knowledge__ Use of the term to describe writers, for example, is valid, but less common, and mostly restricted to contexts like criticism.", "Artist __knowledge__ Wiktionary defines the noun 'artist' (Singular: artist; Plural: artists) as follows: The Oxford English Dictionary defines the older broad meanings of the term \"artist\": The Greek word \"techně\", often translated as \"art,\" implies mastery of any sort of craft.", "Artist __knowledge__ The adjectival Latin form of the word, \"technicus\", became the source of the English words technique, technology, technical.", "Artist __knowledge__ In Greek culture each of the nine Muses oversaw a different field of human creation: No muse was identified with the visual arts of painting and sculpture.", "Artist __knowledge__ In ancient Greece sculptors and painters were held in low regard, somewhere between freemen and slaves, their work regarded as mere manual labour.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Craps __knowledge__ Craps is a dice game in which the players make wagers on the outcome of the roll, or a series of rolls, of a pair of dice.", "Craps __knowledge__ Players may wager money against each other (playing \"street craps\", also known as \"shooting dice,\" \"rolling bones,\" or any combination thereof) or a bank (playing \"casino craps\", also known as \"table craps\", or often just \"craps\").", "Craps __knowledge__ Because it requires little equipment, \"street craps\" can be played in informal settings.", "Craps __knowledge__ Craps developed from a simplification of the early English game of \"hazard\".", "Craps __knowledge__ Its origins are complex and may date to the Crusades, later being influenced by French gamblers.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "History of painting __knowledge__ The history of painting reaches back in time to artifacts from pre-historic humans, and spans all cultures.", "History of painting __knowledge__ It represents a continuous, though periodically disrupted, tradition from Antiquity.", "History of painting __knowledge__ Across cultures, and spanning continents and millennia, the history of painting is an ongoing river of creativity, that continues into the 21st century.", "History of painting __knowledge__ Until the early 20th century it relied primarily on representational, religious and classical motifs, after which time more purely abstract and conceptual approaches gained favor.", "History of painting __knowledge__ Developments in Eastern painting historically parallel those in Western painting, in general, a few centuries earlier.", "Hansel &amp; Gretel: Witch Hunters __knowledge__ Hansel & Gretel: Witch Hunters is a 2013 dark fantasy action horror comedy film written and directed by Tommy Wirkola.", "Hansel &amp; Gretel: Witch Hunters __knowledge__ It is a continuation to the German folklore fairy tale \"Hansel and Gretel\", in which the titular siblings are now grown up and working as a duo of witch exterminators for hire.", "Hansel &amp; Gretel: Witch Hunters __knowledge__ The film stars Jeremy Renner, Gemma Arterton, Famke Janssen, Peter Stormare, Thomas Mann, Pihla Viitala and Derek Mears.", "Hansel &amp; Gretel: Witch Hunters __knowledge__ Originally scheduled for release in March 2012, \"Hansel & Gretel\" was delayed for ten months to accommodate Renner's appearances in \"The Avengers\" and \"The Bourne Legacy\" and to give Wirkola time to shoot a post-credits scene.", "Dirty Work (All Time Low album) __knowledge__ Dirty Work is the fourth studio album by American rock band All Time Low.", "Dirty Work (All Time Low album) __knowledge__ Following the success of \"Nothing Personal\" in mid-2009, the band signed to major label Interscope Records in November of that year.", "Dirty Work (All Time Low album) __knowledge__ During the next month, the band began writing for their \"Dirty Work\" and ended up demoing 20 songs.", "Dirty Work (All Time Low album) __knowledge__ After spending sometime writing material in Los Angeles, the band started recording their fourth album with Mike Green in March 2010.", "Dirty Work (All Time Low album) __knowledge__ Over the following months the band recorded songs with John Fields, Butch Walker, Matt Squire, David Kahne and U4L.", "Dirty Work (All Time Low album) __knowledge__ In between sessions, the band embarked on the Bamboozle Roadshow tour.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ The manga series \"Rurouni Kenshin\" features a large cast of fictional characters created by Nobuhiro Watsuki.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ Set in Japan during the Meiji period, several of the characters are real historical figures who interact with the fictional characters.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ The story follows a pacifist wanderer named Himura Kenshin, who was previously an assassin known as \"\"Hitokiri Battōsai\"\" working for the Isshin Shishi during the Bakumatsu period.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ After helping Kamiya Kaoru, the instructor of a kendo school in Tokyo, in defeating a criminal he is invited by her to stay at her dojo.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ During his stay in Tokyo, Kenshin befriends new people including Myōjin Yahiko, a young child descendant from a samurai family who starts training under Kaoru, Sagara Sanosuke, a former Sekihō who enjoys fighting, and Takani Megumi, a doctor involved with the illegal drug trade.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "Craig A. Kraft __knowledge__ Craig A. Kraft (born Craig Allan Kraft; born on December 7, 1949) is an American sculptor.", "Craig A. Kraft __knowledge__ Over the course of his career, Kraft has gained national recognition for his neon light works, establishing him as one of the leading neon sculptors of today.", "Craig A. Kraft __knowledge__ In his earlier works, such as \"Seated/Unseated Woman\" and \"Light Figure Fragment,\" Kraft rendered sculptures incorporating details in neon.", "Craig A. Kraft __knowledge__ Since 2000 the main focus of Kraft’s art has been privately commissioned pieces, such as \"Connective Ascension\", and monumental public art works, such as \"Lightweb\" in Downtown Silver Spring, MD, that are abstract pieces made from rolled aluminum and neon tubing.", "Video games as an art form __knowledge__ The concept of video games as a form of art is a controversial topic within the entertainment industry.", "Video games as an art form __knowledge__ Though video games have been afforded legal protection as creative works by the Supreme Court of the United States, the philosophical proposition that video games are works of art remains in question, even when considering the contribution of expressive elements such as graphics, storytelling and music.", "Video games as an art form __knowledge__ Even art games, games purposely designed to be a work of creative expression, have been challenged as works of art by some critics.", "Video games as an art form __knowledge__ The earliest institutional consideration of the video game as an art form came in the late 1980s when art museums began retrospective displays of then outdated first and second generation games.", "Dear... (The Grace album) __knowledge__ Dear... is The Grace's second Japanese album released on January 9, 2009.", "Dear... (The Grace album) __knowledge__ The title track \"\"Sukoshi de Ikara\" (少しでいいから) (A Little Bit of Good)\" was used as the movie \"Subaru\" soundtrack song.", "Dear... (The Grace album) __knowledge__ Tenjochiki's second studio album includes 2 singles released from July 2008 in Japan including the B-side of their 7th single \"Here\": \"Near: Thoughtful 1220\" and the album consists of a total of 9 tracks.", "Dear... (The Grace album) __knowledge__ The album peaked #14 on Oricon daily album charts and #37 on the Oricon weekly album charts, charted for 3 weeks and sold 4,734 copies, making their most successful Japanese album so far.", "Dear... (The Grace album) __knowledge__ Known as “The Grace” in Korea and “Tenjo Chiki” in Japan, the pop group consists of So.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 2010–2011 __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring \"Saturday Night Live\" characters and sketches introduced between September 25, 2010, and May 21, 2011, the thirty-sixth season of \"SNL\".", "Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 2010–2011 __knowledge__ Vanessa Bayer plays teen Disney Channel star Miley Cyrus as the exuberant host of her own talk show.", "Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 2010–2011 __knowledge__ (Theme song: \"I've got guests, and a show, and I'm ready to go!", "Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 2010–2011 __knowledge__ So I guess that's pretty cool!", "Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 2010–2011 __knowledge__ It's pretty cool!\")", "Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 2010–2011 __knowledge__ Bryan Cranston played her father and house band leader Billy Ray Cyrus in the sketch's debut; he was replaced by Jason Sudeikis in later installments.", "Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 2010–2011 __knowledge__ Bayer performed her impression of Cyrus during her auditions for SNL." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Artist __knowledge__ An artist is a person engaged in an activity related to creating art, practicing the arts, or demonstrating an art.", "Artist __knowledge__ The common usage in both everyday speech and academic discourse is a practitioner in the visual arts only.", "Artist __knowledge__ The term is often used in the entertainment business, especially in a business context, for musicians and other performers (less often for actors).", "Artist __knowledge__ \"Artiste\" (the French for artist) is a variant used in English only in this context.", "Artist __knowledge__ Use of the term to describe writers, for example, is valid, but less common, and mostly restricted to contexts like criticism.", "Artist __knowledge__ Wiktionary defines the noun 'artist' (Singular: artist; Plural: artists) as follows: The Oxford English Dictionary defines the older broad meanings of the term \"artist\": The Greek word \"techně\", often translated as \"art,\" implies mastery of any sort of craft.", "Artist __knowledge__ The adjectival Latin form of the word, \"technicus\", became the source of the English words technique, technology, technical.", "Artist __knowledge__ In Greek culture each of the nine Muses oversaw a different field of human creation: No muse was identified with the visual arts of painting and sculpture.", "Artist __knowledge__ In ancient Greece sculptors and painters were held in low regard, somewhere between freemen and slaves, their work regarded as mere manual labour.", "Creativity __knowledge__ Creativity is a phenomenon whereby something new and somehow valuable is formed.", "Creativity __knowledge__ The created item may be intangible (such as an idea, a scientific theory, a musical composition, or a joke) or a physical object (such as an invention, a literary work, or a painting).", "Creativity __knowledge__ Scholarly interest in creativity involves many definitions and concepts pertaining to a number of disciplines: engineering, psychology, cognitive science, education, philosophy (particularly philosophy of science), technology, theology, sociology, linguistics, business studies, songwriting, and economics, covering the relations between creativity and general intelligence, mental and neurological processes, personality type and creative ability, creativity and mental health; the potential for fostering creativity through education and training, especially as augmented by technology; the maximization of creativity for national economic benefit, and the application of creative resources to improve the effectiveness of teaching and learning.", "Information mapping __knowledge__ Information mapping is a research-based method for writing clear and user focused information, based on the audience's needs and the purpose of the information.", "Information mapping __knowledge__ The method is applied primarily to designing and developing business and technical communications.", "Information mapping __knowledge__ It is used as a content standard within organizations throughout the world.", "Information mapping __knowledge__ The information mapping method is a research-based methodology used to analyze, organize and present information based on an audience's needs and the purpose of the information.", "Information mapping __knowledge__ The method applies to all subject matter and media technology.", "Information mapping __knowledge__ Information mapping has close ties to information visualization, information architecture, graphic design, information design, data analysis, experience design, graphic user interface design, and knowledge management systems.", "Constitution of Georgia (U.S. state) __knowledge__ The Constitution of the State of Georgia is the governing document of the U.S. State of Georgia.", "Constitution of Georgia (U.S. state) __knowledge__ The constitution outlines the three branches of government in Georgia.", "Constitution of Georgia (U.S. state) __knowledge__ The legislative branch is embodied in the bicameral General Assembly.", "Constitution of Georgia (U.S. state) __knowledge__ The executive branch is headed by the Governor.", "Constitution of Georgia (U.S. state) __knowledge__ The judicial branch is headed by the Supreme Court.", "Constitution of Georgia (U.S. state) __knowledge__ Besides providing for the organization of these branches, the Constitution carefully outlines which powers each branch may exercise.", "Constitution of Georgia (U.S. state) __knowledge__ The current Georgia State Constitution was ratified on November 2, 1982.", "Constitution of Georgia (U.S. state) __knowledge__ It is the newest state constitution in the United States and is Georgia's tenth Constitution, replacing the previous 1976 constitution.", "National Stolen Property Act __knowledge__ The National Stolen Property Act is an Act of Congress which prohibits certain offenses relating to stolen property and forgery.", "National Stolen Property Act __knowledge__ The definitions related to the Act are codified at 18 U.S.C.", "National Stolen Property Act __knowledge__ § 2311 and the offense are codified at 18 U.S.C.", "National Stolen Property Act __knowledge__ §§ 2314–2315.", "National Stolen Property Act __knowledge__ In general, the Act prohibits the interstate or international transportation of the proceeds of theft and certain types of forged securities, as well as the receipt or fencing of stolen property, forged securities, or tools for forging securities.", "National Stolen Property Act __knowledge__ Section 2314 of Title 18, the \"transportation\" offense, consists of five different paragraphs.", "National Stolen Property Act __knowledge__ The first paragraph relates to the interstate or foreign transportation of the proceeds of a theft or a fraud where the proceeds have a value of $5,000 or more.", "Personal information management __knowledge__ Personal information management (PIM) is the activities people perform in order to acquire, organize, maintain, retrieve and use personal information items such as documents (paper-based and digital), web pages and email messages for everyday use to complete tasks (work-related or not) and fulfill a person's various roles (as parent, employee, friend, member of community, etc.).", "Personal information management __knowledge__ More simply, \"PIM is the art of getting things done in our lives through information.\"", "Personal information management __knowledge__ A recent review and conceptual framework for PIM is provided here Practically, PIM is concerned with how people organize and maintain personal information collections, and methods that can help people in doing so.", "Enfish, LLC v. Microsoft Corp. __knowledge__ Enfish, LLC v. Microsoft Corp. is a 2016 decision of the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit in which the court, for the second time since the United States Supreme Court decision in \"Alice Corp. v. CLS Bank\" upheld the patent–eligibility of software patent claims.", "Enfish, LLC v. Microsoft Corp. __knowledge__ The Federal Circuit reversed the district court's summary judgment ruling that all claims were patent–ineligible abstract ideas under \"Alice\".", "Enfish, LLC v. Microsoft Corp. __knowledge__ Instead, the claims were directed to a specific improvement to the way computers operate, embodied in the claimed \"self-referential table\" for a database, which the relevant prior art did not contain.", "Networked advocacy __knowledge__ Networked advocacy or net-centric advocacy refers to a specific type of advocacy.", "Networked advocacy __knowledge__ While networked advocacy has existed for centuries, it has become significantly more efficacious in recent years due in large part to the widespread availability of the internet, mobile telephones, and related communications technologies that enable users to overcome the transaction costs of collective action.", "Networked advocacy __knowledge__ The study of networked advocacy draws on interdisciplinary sources, including communication theory, political science, and sociology.", "Networked advocacy __knowledge__ Theories of networked advocacy have been heavily influenced by social movement literature, and refer to the preexisting networks used to create and support collective actions and advocacy as well as the networks that such actions and advocacy create.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ There are many varieties of criticism.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ This article describes common types that occur regularly in everyday life.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ For other criteria that classify criticisms, see this page.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ For more subject-specific information, see the pages on topics such as art, film, literature, theatre, or architecture.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ Aesthetic criticism is a part of aesthetics concerned with critically judging beauty and ugliness, tastefulness and tastelessness, style and fashion, meaning and quality of design—and issues of human sentiment and affect (the evoking of pleasure and pain, likes and dislikes).", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ Most parts of human life have an aesthetic dimension, which means there is plenty potential for criticism.", "UCF Knights football __knowledge__ The UCF Knights football team represents The University of Central Florida (UCF) in the sport of American football.", "UCF Knights football __knowledge__ The Knights compete in the Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and the East Division of the American Athletic Conference (The American).", "UCF Knights football __knowledge__ Their current head coach is Josh Heupel, formerly a player and coach at Oklahoma and offensive coordinator at Missouri.", "UCF Knights football __knowledge__ The Knights play their home games at the 44,000-seat Spectrum Stadium, which is located on UCF's main campus in Orlando, Florida, United States.", "UCF Knights football __knowledge__ UCF first fielded a varsity football team in the fall of 1979 as a NCAA Division III program and subsequently completed their ascension to Division I–A, now known as the Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS), in 1996, becoming the only program in NCAA history to have played in all four divisions of football.", "Modernism __knowledge__ Modernism is a philosophical movement that, along with cultural trends and changes, arose from wide-scale and far-reaching transformations in Western society during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.", "Modernism __knowledge__ Among the factors that shaped modernism were the development of modern industrial societies and the rapid growth of cities, followed then by reactions of horror to World War I. Modernism also rejected the certainty of Enlightenment thinking, and many modernists rejected religious belief.", "Modernism __knowledge__ Modernism, in general, includes the activities and creations of those who felt the traditional forms of art, architecture, literature, religious faith, philosophy, social organization, activities of daily life, and even the sciences, were becoming ill-fitted to their tasks and outdated in the new economic, social, and political environment of an emerging fully industrialized world.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Hip hop or hip-hop is a subculture and art movement developed in The Bronx in New York City during the late 1970s.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ The origins of the word are often disputed.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Some believe that the word was invented by Keith Cowboy of The Furious Five.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Others believe it was a derogatory name for the people who practise the art and wear the relative clothing.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ It is also argued as to whether hip hop started in the South or West Bronx.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ While the term \"hip hop\" is often used to refer exclusively to hip hop music (also called \"rap\"), hip hop is characterized by nine elements, however only four elements are considered most necessary to understand hip-hop musically.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The Spirit of the Age (full title \"The Spirit of the Age: Or, Contemporary Portraits\") is a collection of character sketches by the early 19th century English essayist, literary critic, and social commentator William Hazlitt, portraying 25 men, mostly British, whom he believed to represent significant trends in the thought, literature, and politics of his time.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The subjects include thinkers, social reformers, politicians, poets, essayists, and novelists, many of whom Hazlitt was personally acquainted with or had encountered.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ Originally appearing in English periodicals, mostly \"The New Monthly Magazine\" in 1824, the essays were collected with several others written for the purpose and published in book form in 1825.", "Society and culture of the Han dynasty __knowledge__ The Han dynasty (206 BCE – 220 CE) was a period of Ancient China divided into the Western Han (206 BCE – 9 CE) and Eastern Han (25–220 CE) periods, when the capital cities were located at Chang'an and Luoyang, respectively.", "Society and culture of the Han dynasty __knowledge__ It was founded by Emperor Gaozu of Han and briefly interrupted by the regime of Wang Mang (r. 9–23 CE) who usurped the throne from a child Han emperor.", "Society and culture of the Han dynasty __knowledge__ The Han dynasty was an age of great economic, technological, cultural, and social progress in China.", "Society and culture of the Han dynasty __knowledge__ Its society was governed by an emperor who shared power with an official bureaucracy and semi-feudal nobility.", "Society and culture of the Han dynasty __knowledge__ Its laws, customs, literature, and education were largely guided by the philosophy and ethical system of Confucianism, yet the influence of Legalism and Daoism (from the previous Zhou dynasty) could still be seen.", "BBC Television Shakespeare __knowledge__ The BBC Television Shakespeare is a series of British television adaptations of the plays of William Shakespeare, created by Cedric Messina and broadcast by BBC Television.", "BBC Television Shakespeare __knowledge__ Transmitted in the UK from 3 December 1978 to 27 April 1985, the series spanned seven seasons and thirty-seven episodes.", "BBC Television Shakespeare __knowledge__ Development began in 1975 when Messina saw that the grounds of Glamis Castle would make a perfect location for an adaptation of Shakespeare's \"As You Like It\" for the \"Play of the Month\" series.", "BBC Television Shakespeare __knowledge__ Upon returning to London, however, he had come to envision an entire series devoted exclusively to the dramatic works of Shakespeare." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Artist __knowledge__ An artist is a person engaged in an activity related to creating art, practicing the arts, or demonstrating an art.", "Artist __knowledge__ The common usage in both everyday speech and academic discourse is a practitioner in the visual arts only.", "Artist __knowledge__ The term is often used in the entertainment business, especially in a business context, for musicians and other performers (less often for actors).", "Artist __knowledge__ \"Artiste\" (the French for artist) is a variant used in English only in this context.", "Artist __knowledge__ Use of the term to describe writers, for example, is valid, but less common, and mostly restricted to contexts like criticism.", "Artist __knowledge__ Wiktionary defines the noun 'artist' (Singular: artist; Plural: artists) as follows: The Oxford English Dictionary defines the older broad meanings of the term \"artist\": The Greek word \"techně\", often translated as \"art,\" implies mastery of any sort of craft.", "Artist __knowledge__ The adjectival Latin form of the word, \"technicus\", became the source of the English words technique, technology, technical.", "Artist __knowledge__ In Greek culture each of the nine Muses oversaw a different field of human creation: No muse was identified with the visual arts of painting and sculpture.", "Artist __knowledge__ In ancient Greece sculptors and painters were held in low regard, somewhere between freemen and slaves, their work regarded as mere manual labour.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "Women of Wrestling __knowledge__ WOW - Women Of Wrestling, aka WOW!, is a women's professional wrestling promotion founded in 2000 by David McLane, previously the founder of Gorgeous Ladies of Wrestling.", "Women of Wrestling __knowledge__ It is based in Los Angeles, California, and is owned by McLane and Los Angeles Lakers owner and president Jeanie Buss.", "Women of Wrestling __knowledge__ The promotion launched a series of syndicated programs in the 2000-01 television seasons in 102 TV markets using a similar format of character driven performers, with names befitting a comic book series, such as Jungle Grrrl, an inmate tag-team complete with orange jump suits named Caged Heat, a Hollywood starlet named Lana Star, and the Persian Princess.", "WOW series __knowledge__ \"WOW\" is a series of annual compilation albums featuring contemporary Christian music dating from 1995.", "WOW series __knowledge__ Comprising songs submitted by each partner label, the annual \"WOW Hits\" releases are typically double CD sets.", "WOW series __knowledge__ The birth of the WOW record project can be traced Grant Cunningham, A&R Director at Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ In November 1994 Grant made a business trip to EMI Limited in London, which at the time was the parent company of Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ There he noticed that several British record labels were issuing an annual CD of top-rated songs, known as the \"NOW\" series, containing collections of pop songs.", "WOW Cafe __knowledge__ WOW Cafe (Women's One World) is a feminist theater space in New York City.", "WOW Cafe __knowledge__ In the mid-1980s, WOW Cafe was central to the avant garde theatre and performance art scene in the East Village, New York City.", "WOW Cafe __knowledge__ Among the artists who have presented at the space are Lisa Kron, Holly Hughes, Deb Margolin, Dancenoise, Carmelita Tropicana, Eileen Myles, Split Britches, and The Five Lesbian Brothers.", "WOW Cafe __knowledge__ The WOW Cafe began when two of the founding members, Lois Weaver and Peggy Shaw were traveling Europe with performance troupes Spiderwoman Theater and Hot Peaches, and after seeing women’s theater festivals during their tour were inspired to establish one in America.", "List of diminutives by language __knowledge__ The following is a list of diminutives by language.", "List of diminutives by language __knowledge__ English has a great variety of historic diminutives adopted from other languages but many of these are lexicalized.", "List of diminutives by language __knowledge__ Productive diminutives are infrequent in Standard English in comparison with many other languages.", "List of diminutives by language __knowledge__ The most common include shortening a longer name (e.g., \"Pete\" for Peter) or adding the diminutive suffix (\"movie\" for moving picture), variously spelled \"-y\" (\"Sally\" for Sarah), \"-ie\" (\"Maggie\" for Margaret), and \"-i\" (\"Dani\" for Danielle).", "List of diminutives by language __knowledge__ In Lowland Scots diminutives are frequently used.", "List of diminutives by language __knowledge__ The most common diminutive suffixes are \"-ie\", \"-ock\", \"-ockie\" (double diminutive) or the Caithness \"–ag\" (the latter from Scottish Gaelic, and perhaps reinforcing the other two before it).", "Accounting __knowledge__ Accounting or accountancy is the measurement, processing, and communication of financial information about economic entities such as businesses and corporations.", "Accounting __knowledge__ The modern field was established by the Italian mathematician Luca Pacioli in 1494.", "Accounting __knowledge__ Accounting, which has been called the \"language of business\", measures the results of an organization's economic activities and conveys this information to a variety of users, including investors, creditors, management, and regulators.", "Accounting __knowledge__ Practitioners of accounting are known as accountants.", "Accounting __knowledge__ The terms \"accounting\" and \"financial reporting\" are often used as synonyms.", "Latin profanity __knowledge__ Latin profanity is the profane, indecent, or impolite vocabulary of Latin, and its uses.", "Latin profanity __knowledge__ Words deemed profane were described as \"obsc(a)ena\" (obscene, lewd, unfit for public use), or \"improba\" (improper, in poor taste, undignified).", "Latin profanity __knowledge__ Profanities occurred rarely in classical Latin, limited to satirical works and commentaries on word usage, but they could be found in Vulgar Latin (a phrase which means \"the language spoken by the common people\").", "Latin profanity __knowledge__ Since profanities are informal and more often spoken than committed to paper, it is worthwhile to note several written sources of Latin profanity: \"Mentula\" is the basic Latin word for penis.", "Quebec French lexicon __knowledge__ There are various lexical differences between Quebec French and Metropolitan French in France.", "Quebec French lexicon __knowledge__ These are distributed throughout the registers, from slang to formal usage.", "Quebec French lexicon __knowledge__ Notwithstanding Acadian French in the Maritime Provinces, Quebec French is the dominant form of French throughout Canada, with only very limited interregional variations.", "Quebec French lexicon __knowledge__ The terms Quebec French and Canadian French are therefore often used interchangeably.", "Quebec French lexicon __knowledge__ The Office québécois de la langue française believes that neither morphology nor syntax should be different between Québécois and Metropolitan French, and even that phonetic differences should be kept to a minimum.", "Anglo-Norman language __knowledge__ Anglo-Norman, also known as Anglo-Norman French, is a variety of the Norman language that was used in England and, to a lesser extent, elsewhere in the British Isles during the Anglo-Norman period.", "Anglo-Norman language __knowledge__ When William the Conqueror led the Norman conquest of England in 1066, he, his nobles, and many of his followers from Normandy, but also those from northern and western France, spoke a range of langues d'oïl (northern varieties of Gallo-Romance).", "Anglo-Norman language __knowledge__ One of these was Old Norman, also known as \"Old Northern French\".", "Anglo-Norman language __knowledge__ Other followers spoke varieties of the Picard language or western French.", "Anglo-Norman language __knowledge__ This amalgam developed into the unique insular dialect now known as Anglo-Norman French, which was commonly used for literary and eventually administrative purposes from the 12th until the 15th century.", "Romansh language __knowledge__ Romansh (also spelled Romansch, Rumantsch, or Romanche; Romansh: , \"rumàntsch\", or ) is a Romance language spoken predominantly in the southeastern Swiss canton of Grisons (Graubünden), where it has official status alongside German and Italian.", "Romansh language __knowledge__ It is used as the medium of instruction in schools in Romansh-speaking areas.", "Romansh language __knowledge__ Romansh has also been recognized as a national language of Switzerland since 1938, and as an official language since 1996, along with German, French and Italian.", "Romansh language __knowledge__ It is sometimes grouped by linguists with Ladin and Friulian as a Rhaeto-Romance language, though this is disputed.", "Romansh language __knowledge__ Romansh is a descendant of the spoken Latin language of the Roman Empire, which by the 5th century AD replaced the Celtic and Raetic languages previously spoken in the area." ] ]

[ 1, 5, 4, 1 ]

[ "Being an artist must be pretty cool but creating art must be super tough.", "You could even argue that writers are artists too but they are up for just as much criticism as other artists.", "The word is also derived from the french word \"artiste\".", "Artists have been around for so long practicing art that it is hard to ascertain. " ]

[ "Artist", "Artist", "Artist", "Artist" ]

[ "Kale", "I have had it before, but not often. I should, as I heard it has good nutrients.", "Hmmm, I didn't realize that. I'm sure it may still help, to some extent.", "That's interesting. You never really stop to think about the fact that vegetables may have come from another country, years and years ago." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Kale __knowledge__ Kale () or leaf cabbage are certain cultivars of cabbage (\"Brassica oleracea\") grown for their edible leaves.", "Kale __knowledge__ A kale plant has green or purple leaves and the central leaves do not form a head (as with headed cabbages).", "Kale __knowledge__ Kales are considered to be closer to wild cabbage than most domesticated forms of \"Brassica oleracea\".", "Kale __knowledge__ \"Kale\" bears semblance to \"kail\", a variant of \"cawul\" (from Scotland and northern England) for various cabbages.", "Kale __knowledge__ Until the end of the Middle Ages, kale was one of the most common green vegetables in Europe.", "Kale __knowledge__ Curly-leaved varieties of cabbage already existed along with flat-leaved varieties in Greece in the fourth century BC.", "Kale __knowledge__ It was also used as medicinal food source.", "Kale __knowledge__ Disocorides wrote that it could be used to treat bowel ailments.", "Kale __knowledge__ These forms, which were referred to by the Romans as Sabellian kale, are considered to be the ancestors of modern kales.", "Kale __knowledge__ Kale was brought to North America by the colonists in the 16th century.", "Kale __knowledge__ Later, Russian kale was introduced into Canada, and then into the United States, by Russian traders in the 19th century.", "Kale __knowledge__ During World War II, the cultivation of kale (and other vegetables) in the U.K. was encouraged by the Dig for Victory campaign.", "Kale __knowledge__ The vegetable was easy to grow and provided important nutrients missing from a diet because of rationing." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Kale __knowledge__ Kale () or leaf cabbage are certain cultivars of cabbage (\"Brassica oleracea\") grown for their edible leaves.", "Kale __knowledge__ A kale plant has green or purple leaves and the central leaves do not form a head (as with headed cabbages).", "Kale __knowledge__ Kales are considered to be closer to wild cabbage than most domesticated forms of \"Brassica oleracea\".", "Kale __knowledge__ \"Kale\" bears semblance to \"kail\", a variant of \"cawul\" (from Scotland and northern England) for various cabbages.", "Kale __knowledge__ Until the end of the Middle Ages, kale was one of the most common green vegetables in Europe.", "Kale __knowledge__ Curly-leaved varieties of cabbage already existed along with flat-leaved varieties in Greece in the fourth century BC.", "Kale __knowledge__ It was also used as medicinal food source.", "Kale __knowledge__ Disocorides wrote that it could be used to treat bowel ailments.", "Kale __knowledge__ These forms, which were referred to by the Romans as Sabellian kale, are considered to be the ancestors of modern kales.", "Kale __knowledge__ Kale was brought to North America by the colonists in the 16th century.", "Kale __knowledge__ Later, Russian kale was introduced into Canada, and then into the United States, by Russian traders in the 19th century.", "Kale __knowledge__ During World War II, the cultivation of kale (and other vegetables) in the U.K. was encouraged by the Dig for Victory campaign.", "Kale __knowledge__ The vegetable was easy to grow and provided important nutrients missing from a diet because of rationing.", "Soil __knowledge__ Soil is a mixture of organic matter, minerals, gases, liquids, and organisms that together support life.", "Soil __knowledge__ The Earth's body of soil is the pedosphere, which has four important functions: it is a medium for plant growth; it is a means of water storage, supply and purification; it is a modifier of Earth's atmosphere; it is a habitat for organisms; all of which, in turn, modify the soil.", "Soil __knowledge__ Soil interfaces with the lithosphere, the hydrosphere, the atmosphere, and the biosphere.", "Soil __knowledge__ The term \"pedolith\", used commonly to refer to the soil, literally translates \"ground stone\".", "Soil __knowledge__ Soil consists of a solid phase of minerals and organic matter (the soil matrix), as well as a porous phase that holds gases (the soil atmosphere) and water (the soil solution).", "Nutrient cycling in the Columbia River Basin __knowledge__ Nutrient cycling in the Columbia River Basin involves the transport of nutrients through the system, as well as transformations from among dissolved, solid, and gaseous phases, depending on the element.", "Nutrient cycling in the Columbia River Basin __knowledge__ The elements that constitute important nutrient cycles include macronutrients such as nitrogen (as ammonium, nitrite, and nitrate), silicate, phosphorus, and micronutrients, which are found in trace amounts, such as iron.", "Nutrient cycling in the Columbia River Basin __knowledge__ Their cycling within a system is controlled by many biological, chemical, and physical processes.", "Nutrient cycling in the Columbia River Basin __knowledge__ The Columbia River Basin is the largest freshwater system of the Pacific Northwest, and due to its complexity, size, and modification by humans, nutrient cycling within the system is affected by many different components.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ Nutrition is the science that interprets the interaction of nutrients and other substances in food in relation to maintenance, growth, reproduction, health and disease of an organism.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ It includes food intake, absorption, assimilation, biosynthesis, catabolism, and excretion.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ The diet of an organism is what it eats, which is largely determined by the availability and palatability of foods.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ For humans, a healthy diet includes preparation of food and storage methods that preserve nutrients from oxidation, heat or leaching, and that reduce risk of foodborne illness.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ In humans, an unhealthy diet can cause deficiency-related diseases such as blindness, anemia, scurvy, preterm birth, stillbirth and cretinism, or nutrient excess health-threatening conditions such as obesity and metabolic syndrome; and such common chronic systemic diseases as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and osteoporosis.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cat food is food for consumption by cats.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cats have specific requirements for their dietary nutrients.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Certain nutrients, including many vitamins and amino acids, are degraded by the temperatures, pressures and chemical treatments used during manufacture, and hence must be added after manufacture to avoid nutritional deficiency.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The amino acid taurine, for example, which is found in meat, is degraded during processing, so synthetic taurine is normally added afterwards.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Long-term taurine deficiency may result in retinal degeneration, loss of vision, and cardiac arrest.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The idea of preparing specialized food for cats came later than for dogs (see dog biscuits and dog food).", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ This list of ecoregions of North America provides an overview of North American ecoregions designated by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC) in its North American Environmental Atlas.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ It should not be confused with Wikipedia articles based on the classification system developed by the World Wildlife Fund, such as List of ecoregions (WWF) and Lists of ecoregions by country.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ The commission was established in 1994 by the member states of Canada, Mexico, and the United States to address regional environmental concerns under the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC), the environmental side accord to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).", "Plant nutrition __knowledge__ Plant nutrition is the study of the chemical elements and compounds necessary for plant growth, plant metabolism and their external supply.", "Plant nutrition __knowledge__ In 1972, Emanuel Epstein defined two criteria for an element to be essential for plant growth: This is in accordance with Justus von Liebig's law of the minimum.", "Plant nutrition __knowledge__ The essential plant nutrients include carbon, oxygen and hydrogen which are absorbed from the air, whereas other nutrients including nitrogen are typically obtained from the soil (exceptions include some parasitic or carnivorous plants).", "Plant nutrition __knowledge__ There are 17 most important nutrients for plants.", "Plant nutrition __knowledge__ Plants must obtain the following mineral nutrients from their growing medium:- These elements stay beneath soil as salt.", "Human nutrition __knowledge__ Human nutrition deals with the provision of essential nutrients in food that are necessary to support human life and health.", "Human nutrition __knowledge__ Generally, people can survive up to 40 days without food, a period largely dependent on the amount of water consumed, stored body fat, muscle mass and genetic factors.", "Human nutrition __knowledge__ Poor nutrition is a chronic problem often linked to poverty, a poor understanding of nutrition and dietary practices, and deficient sanitation and food security.", "Human nutrition __knowledge__ Malnutrition and its consequences are large contributors to deaths and disabilities worldwide.", "Human nutrition __knowledge__ Good nutrition helps children grow physically, promotes human biological development and helps in the eradication of poverty.", "Cabbage __knowledge__ Cabbage or headed cabbage (comprising several cultivars of Brassica oleracea) is a leafy green or purple biennial plant, grown as an annual vegetable crop for its dense-leaved heads.", "Cabbage __knowledge__ It is descended from the wild cabbage, \"B. oleracea\" var.", "Cabbage __knowledge__ \"oleracea\", and is closely related to broccoli and cauliflower (var.", "Cabbage __knowledge__ \"botrytis\"), Brussels sprouts (var.", "Cabbage __knowledge__ \"gemmifera\") and savoy cabbage (var.", "Cabbage __knowledge__ \"sabauda\") which are sometimes called cole crops.", "Cabbage __knowledge__ Cabbage heads generally range from , and can be green, purple and white.", "Cabbage __knowledge__ Smooth-leafed firm-headed green cabbages are the most common, with smooth-leafed red and crinkle-leafed savoy cabbages of both colors seen more rarely.", "Collard greens __knowledge__ Collard greens (collards) describes certain loose-leafed cultivars of \"Brassica oleracea\", the same species as many common vegetables, including cabbage (Capitata Group) and broccoli (Botrytis Group).", "Collard greens __knowledge__ Collard greens are part of the Acephala Group of the species, which includes kale and spring greens.", "Collard greens __knowledge__ They are in the same cultivar group owing to their genetic similarity.", "Collard greens __knowledge__ The name \"collard\" comes from the word \"colewort\" (the wild cabbage plant).", "Collard greens __knowledge__ The plants are grown for their large, dark-colored, edible leaves and as a garden ornamental, mainly in Brazil, Portugal, the southern United States, many parts of Africa, the Balkans, northern Spain, and northern India.", "Colocasia esculenta __knowledge__ Colocasia esculenta is a tropical plant grown primarily for its edible corms, the root vegetables most commonly known as taro.", "Colocasia esculenta __knowledge__ It is believed to be one of the earliest cultivated plants.", "Colocasia esculenta __knowledge__ Linnaeus originally described two species which are now known as \"Colocasia esculenta\" and \"Colocasia antiquorum\" of the cultivated plants that are known by many names including eddoes, dasheen, taro and madumbi, but many later botanists consider them all to be members of a single, very variable species, the correct name for which is \"Colocasia esculenta\".", "Colocasia esculenta __knowledge__ Taro () commonly refers to the plant \"Colocasia esculenta\", the most widely cultivated species of several plants in the Araceae family which are used as vegetables for their corms, leaves, and petioles.", "List of leaf vegetables __knowledge__ This is a list of vegetables which are grown or harvested primarily for the consumption of their leafy parts, either raw or cooked.", "List of leaf vegetables __knowledge__ Many plants with leaves that are consumed in small quantities as a spice such as oregano, for medicinal purposes such as lime, or used in infusions such as tea, are not included in this list.", "List of leaf vegetables __knowledge__ Humans have used leaves as food since time immemorial.", "List of leaf vegetables __knowledge__ Different types of leaves, depending from the place and the season, were part of the human diet since prehistoric times.", "List of leaf vegetables __knowledge__ Traces of edible leaves have been found in ancient Egyptian archaeological sites.", "List of leaf vegetables __knowledge__ Some edible leaves were historically documented in ancient Greece, in ancient Rome, in ancient Sri Lanka and in the Middle Ages.", "Leaf vegetable __knowledge__ Leaf vegetables, also called potherbs, greens, vegetable greens, leafy greens, or salad greens, are plant leaves eaten as a vegetable, sometimes accompanied by tender petioles and shoots.", "Leaf vegetable __knowledge__ Although they come from a very wide variety of plants, most share a great deal with other leaf vegetables in nutrition and cooking methods.", "Leaf vegetable __knowledge__ Nearly one thousand species of plants with edible leaves are known.", "Leaf vegetable __knowledge__ Leaf vegetables most often come from short-lived herbaceous plants, such as lettuce and spinach.", "Leaf vegetable __knowledge__ Woody plants of various species also provide edible leaves.", "Leaf vegetable __knowledge__ The leaves of many fodder crops are also edible for humans, but usually only eaten under famine conditions.", "Cordyline australis __knowledge__ Cordyline australis, commonly known as the cabbage tree, cabbage-palm or , is a widely branched monocot tree endemic to New Zealand.", "Cordyline australis __knowledge__ It grows up to tall with a stout trunk and sword-like leaves, which are clustered at the tips of the branches and can be up to long.", "Cordyline australis __knowledge__ With its tall, straight trunk and dense, rounded heads, \"C. australis\" is a characteristic feature of the New Zealand landscape.", "Cordyline australis __knowledge__ Its fruit is a favourite food source for the New Zealand pigeon and other native birds.", "Cordyline australis __knowledge__ It is common over a wide latitudinal range from the far north of the North Island at 34° 25'S to the south of the South Island at 46° 30'S." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Kale __knowledge__ Kale () or leaf cabbage are certain cultivars of cabbage (\"Brassica oleracea\") grown for their edible leaves.", "Kale __knowledge__ A kale plant has green or purple leaves and the central leaves do not form a head (as with headed cabbages).", "Kale __knowledge__ Kales are considered to be closer to wild cabbage than most domesticated forms of \"Brassica oleracea\".", "Kale __knowledge__ \"Kale\" bears semblance to \"kail\", a variant of \"cawul\" (from Scotland and northern England) for various cabbages.", "Kale __knowledge__ Until the end of the Middle Ages, kale was one of the most common green vegetables in Europe.", "Kale __knowledge__ Curly-leaved varieties of cabbage already existed along with flat-leaved varieties in Greece in the fourth century BC.", "Kale __knowledge__ It was also used as medicinal food source.", "Kale __knowledge__ Disocorides wrote that it could be used to treat bowel ailments.", "Kale __knowledge__ These forms, which were referred to by the Romans as Sabellian kale, are considered to be the ancestors of modern kales.", "Kale __knowledge__ Kale was brought to North America by the colonists in the 16th century.", "Kale __knowledge__ Later, Russian kale was introduced into Canada, and then into the United States, by Russian traders in the 19th century.", "Kale __knowledge__ During World War II, the cultivation of kale (and other vegetables) in the U.K. was encouraged by the Dig for Victory campaign.", "Kale __knowledge__ The vegetable was easy to grow and provided important nutrients missing from a diet because of rationing.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Learning theory (education) __knowledge__ Learning theories are conceptual frameworks describing how knowledge is absorbed, processed, and retained during learning.", "Learning theory (education) __knowledge__ Cognitive, emotional, and environmental influences, as well as prior experience, all play a part in how understanding, or a world view, is acquired or changed and knowledge and skills retained.", "Learning theory (education) __knowledge__ Behaviorists look at learning as an aspect of conditioning and will advocate a system of rewards and targets in education.", "Learning theory (education) __knowledge__ Educators who embrace cognitive theory believe that the definition of learning as a change in behavior is too narrow and prefer to study the learner rather than their environment and in particular the complexities of human memory.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Taylor Lautner __knowledge__ Taylor Lautner (; born February 11, 1992) is an American actor, voice actor, and model.", "Taylor Lautner __knowledge__ He is known for playing Jacob Black in \"The Twilight Saga\" film series based on the novels of the same name by Stephenie Meyer.", "Taylor Lautner __knowledge__ Lautner began his acting career playing bit roles in comedy series such as \"The Bernie Mac Show\" (2003) and \"My Wife and Kids\" (2004), before having voice roles in television series like \"What's New, Scooby-Doo?\"", "Taylor Lautner __knowledge__ (2005) and \"Danny Phantom\" (2005).", "Taylor Lautner __knowledge__ In 2005, he appeared in the film \"Cheaper by the Dozen 2\" and starred in \"The Adventures of Sharkboy and Lavagirl in 3-D\".", "Taylor Lautner __knowledge__ He also starred in the 2011 action film \"Abduction\".", "Things That Make You Go Hmmm... __knowledge__ \"Things That Make You Go Hmmm...\" is a song by American dance group C+C Music Factory.", "Things That Make You Go Hmmm... __knowledge__ It was released in June 1991 as the third single from the album \"Gonna Make You Sweat\".", "Things That Make You Go Hmmm... __knowledge__ The single features Freedom Williams and he is also seen in the song's music video.", "Things That Make You Go Hmmm... __knowledge__ The song was inspired by a running gag on \"The Arsenio Hall Show\", where Arsenio, while allegedly on a long drive, pondered certain thoughts and referred to them as \"things that make you go hmmm...\" The C+C song was a success in the US, reaching #4 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 and #31 on the \"Billboard\" Hot R&B Singles chart.", "Things That Make You Go Hmmm... __knowledge__ It also reached #4 on the UK Singles Chart.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "Dominici affair __knowledge__ The Dominici affair was the criminal investigation into the triple murder of three Britons in France.", "Dominici affair __knowledge__ During the night of 4/5 August 1952, Sir Jack Drummond, a 61-year-old scientist; his 44-year-old wife Anne Wilbraham; and their 10-year-old daughter Elizabeth were murdered next to their car which was parked in a lay-by near \"La Grand'Terre\", the farm belonging to the Dominici family, located near the village of Lurs in the département of Basses-Alpes (now Alpes-de-Haute-Provence).", "Dominici affair __knowledge__ Family patriarch Gaston Dominici was convicted of the three murders in 1957 and sentenced to death, though it was widely believed that his guilt had not been clearly established.", "Constipation __knowledge__ Constipation refers to bowel movements that are infrequent or hard to pass.", "Constipation __knowledge__ The stool is often hard and dry.", "Constipation __knowledge__ Other symptoms may include abdominal pain, bloating, and feeling as if one has not completely passed the bowel movement.", "Constipation __knowledge__ Complications from constipation may include hemorrhoids, anal fissure or fecal impaction.", "Constipation __knowledge__ The normal frequency of bowel movements in adults is between three per day and three per week.", "Constipation __knowledge__ Babies often have three to four bowel movements per day while young children typically have two to three per day.", "Constipation __knowledge__ Constipation has many causes.", "Constipation __knowledge__ Common causes include slow movement of stool within the colon, irritable bowel syndrome, and pelvic floor disorders.", "Ulcerative colitis __knowledge__ Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a long-term condition that results in inflammation and ulcers of the colon and rectum.", "Ulcerative colitis __knowledge__ The primary symptom of active disease is abdominal pain and diarrhea mixed with blood.", "Ulcerative colitis __knowledge__ Weight loss, fever, and anemia may also occur.", "Ulcerative colitis __knowledge__ Often symptoms come on slowly and can range from mild to severe.", "Ulcerative colitis __knowledge__ Symptoms typically occur intermittently with periods of no symptoms between flares.", "Ulcerative colitis __knowledge__ Complications may include megacolon, inflammation of the eye, joints, or liver, and colon cancer.", "Ulcerative colitis __knowledge__ The cause of UC is unknown.", "Ulcerative colitis __knowledge__ Theories involve immune system dysfunction, genetics, changes in the normal gut bacteria, and environmental factors.", "Crohn's disease __knowledge__ Crohn's disease is a type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that may affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract from mouth to anus.", "Crohn's disease __knowledge__ Signs and symptoms often include abdominal pain, diarrhea (which may be bloody if inflammation is severe), fever, and weight loss.", "Crohn's disease __knowledge__ Other complications may occur outside the gastrointestinal tract and include anemia, skin rashes, arthritis, inflammation of the eye, and tiredness.", "Crohn's disease __knowledge__ The skin rashes may be due to infections as well as pyoderma gangrenosum or erythema nodosum.", "Crohn's disease __knowledge__ Bowel obstruction also commonly occurs and those with the disease are at greater risk of bowel cancer.", "Irritable bowel syndrome __knowledge__ Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a group of symptoms—including abdominal pain and changes in the pattern of bowel movements without any evidence of underlying damage.", "Irritable bowel syndrome __knowledge__ These symptoms occur over a long time, often years.", "Irritable bowel syndrome __knowledge__ It has been classified into four main types depending on whether diarrhea is common, constipation is common, both are common, or neither occurs very often (IBS-D, IBS-C, IBS-M, or IBS-U respectively).", "Irritable bowel syndrome __knowledge__ IBS negatively affects quality of life and may result in missed school or work.", "Irritable bowel syndrome __knowledge__ Disorders such as anxiety, major depression, and chronic fatigue syndrome are common among people with IBS.", "Lumbar anterior root stimulator __knowledge__ A lumbar anterior root stimulator is a type of neuroprosthesis used in patients suffering from a spinal cord injury or to treat some forms of chronic spinal pain.", "Lumbar anterior root stimulator __knowledge__ More specifically, the root stimulator can be used in patients who have lost proper bowel function due to damaged neurons related to gastrointestinal control and potentially allow paraplegics to exercise otherwise paralyzed leg muscles.", "Lumbar anterior root stimulator __knowledge__ The lumbar anterior root stimulator is similar in nature to Brindley's sacral anterior root stimulator.", "Lumbar anterior root stimulator __knowledge__ The difference in nomenclature is derived from which nerve roots on the spinal cord are being electrically stimulated.", "Diarrhea __knowledge__ Diarrhea, also spelled diarrhoea, is the condition of having at least three loose or liquid bowel movements each day.", "Diarrhea __knowledge__ It often lasts for a few days and can result in dehydration due to fluid loss.", "Diarrhea __knowledge__ Signs of dehydration often begin with loss of the normal stretchiness of the skin and irritable behaviour.", "Diarrhea __knowledge__ This can progress to decreased urination, loss of skin color, a fast heart rate, and a decrease in responsiveness as it becomes more severe.", "Diarrhea __knowledge__ Loose but non-watery stools in babies who are exclusively breastfed, however, are normal.", "Diarrhea __knowledge__ The most common cause is an infection of the intestines due to either a virus, bacteria, or parasite - a condition also known as gastroenteritis.", "Laxative __knowledge__ Laxatives, purgatives, or aperients are substances that loosen stools and increase bowel movements.", "Laxative __knowledge__ They are used to treat and/or prevent constipation.", "Laxative __knowledge__ Laxatives vary as to how they work and the side effects they may have.", "Laxative __knowledge__ Certain stimulant, lubricant and saline laxatives are used to evacuate the colon for rectal and bowel examinations, and may be supplemented by enemas under certain circumstances.", "Laxative __knowledge__ Sufficiently high doses of laxatives may cause diarrhea.", "Laxative __knowledge__ Some laxatives combine more than one active ingredient.", "Laxative __knowledge__ Laxatives may be oral or suppository in form.", "Laxative __knowledge__ Bulk-forming laxatives, also known as roughage, are substances, such as fiber in food and hydrophilic agents in over-the-counter drugs, that add bulk and water to stools so that they can pass more easily through the intestines (lower part of the digestive tract)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Kale __knowledge__ Kale () or leaf cabbage are certain cultivars of cabbage (\"Brassica oleracea\") grown for their edible leaves.", "Kale __knowledge__ A kale plant has green or purple leaves and the central leaves do not form a head (as with headed cabbages).", "Kale __knowledge__ Kales are considered to be closer to wild cabbage than most domesticated forms of \"Brassica oleracea\".", "Kale __knowledge__ \"Kale\" bears semblance to \"kail\", a variant of \"cawul\" (from Scotland and northern England) for various cabbages.", "Kale __knowledge__ Until the end of the Middle Ages, kale was one of the most common green vegetables in Europe.", "Kale __knowledge__ Curly-leaved varieties of cabbage already existed along with flat-leaved varieties in Greece in the fourth century BC.", "Kale __knowledge__ It was also used as medicinal food source.", "Kale __knowledge__ Disocorides wrote that it could be used to treat bowel ailments.", "Kale __knowledge__ These forms, which were referred to by the Romans as Sabellian kale, are considered to be the ancestors of modern kales.", "Kale __knowledge__ Kale was brought to North America by the colonists in the 16th century.", "Kale __knowledge__ Later, Russian kale was introduced into Canada, and then into the United States, by Russian traders in the 19th century.", "Kale __knowledge__ During World War II, the cultivation of kale (and other vegetables) in the U.K. was encouraged by the Dig for Victory campaign.", "Kale __knowledge__ The vegetable was easy to grow and provided important nutrients missing from a diet because of rationing.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of supporting characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ is a fictional character in the anime \"Tenchi Muyo!\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ OVA In the OVA, Katsuhito, also known as , fled Jurai over 700 years ago to \"retire\" on Earth.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ He was once the greatest swordsman on Jurai.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ Currently Katsuhito is a Shinto priest who is not only training Tenchi to be a Shinto priest but also training him in Jurai swordsmanship.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ Yōshō had a marriage arranged with half-sister Ayeka, but left.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ At the time, not all Juraians liked the idea of mixed blood heritages (he is part human, on his mother's side) and he used Ryōko's attack as an excuse to slip away to Earth.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the DreamWorks animated film media franchise \"Kung Fu Panda\", with their shorts and specials \"Secrets of the Furious Five\", \"Kung Fu Panda Holiday\", \"\", and \"\", as well as the video games and TV show \"\".", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The world of \"Kung Fu Panda\" is a fantasized version of ancient China as typically depicted in the wuxia film genre populated by anthropomorphized Asian animals where the martial arts can have magical qualities on top of extraordinary physical prowess for those sufficiently skilled.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ Master Po Ping (Chinese for \"Precious Peace\"), born Lotus Shan, is the titular protagonist of the \"Kung Fu Panda\" franchise.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "History of Western civilization __knowledge__ Western civilization traces its roots back to Western Europe and the Western Mediterranean.", "History of Western civilization __knowledge__ It is linked to the Roman Empire and with Medieval Western Christendom which emerged from the Middle Ages to experience such transformative episodes as the Renaissance, the Reformation, the Enlightenment, the Industrial Revolution, scientific revolution, and the development of liberal democracy.", "History of Western civilization __knowledge__ The civilizations of Classical Greece, Ancient Rome and Ancient Israel are considered seminal periods in Western history; a few cultural contributions also emerged from the pagan peoples of pre-Christian Europe, such as the Celts and Germans.", "Native Americans in the United States __knowledge__ Native Americans, also known as American Indians, Indians, Indigenous Americans and other terms, are the indigenous peoples of the United States.", "Native Americans in the United States __knowledge__ There are over 500 federally recognized tribes within the U.S., about half of which are associated with Indian reservations.", "Native Americans in the United States __knowledge__ The term excludes Native Hawaiians and some Alaska Natives.", "Native Americans in the United States __knowledge__ The ancestors of modern Native Americans arrived in what is now the United States at least 15,000 years ago, possibly much longer, from Asia through Beringia.", "Native Americans in the United States __knowledge__ A vast variety of peoples, societies and cultures subsequently developed.", "Native Americans in the United States __knowledge__ Native Americans were greatly affected by the European colonization of the Americas, which began in 1492, and their population declined precipitously due to introduced diseases, warfare, and slavery.", "Spanish Empire __knowledge__ The Spanish Empire () was one of the largest empires in history.", "Spanish Empire __knowledge__ At the time, it was not known as that by the Spanish, but rather the Spanish Monarchy (\"Monarquía española\") with the monarch ruling kingdoms in Spain, his possessions in Italy and northern Europe, and in the \"Spanish Indies,\" its New World territories.", "Spanish Empire __knowledge__ From the late fifteenth century to the early nineteenth, Spain's kingdom of Castile controlled a huge overseas territory in the New World.", "Spanish Empire __knowledge__ The crown's main source of wealth was from gold and silver mined in Mexico and Peru.", "Spanish Empire __knowledge__ The empire reached the peak of its military, political and economic power under the Spanish Habsburgs, through most of the 16th and 17th centuries, and its greatest territorial extent under the House of Bourbon in the 18th century.", "Spanish conquest of Honduras __knowledge__ The Spanish conquest of Honduras was a 16th-century conflict during the Spanish colonization of the Americas in which the territory that now comprises the Republic of Honduras, one of the five states of Central America, was incorporated into the Spanish Empire.", "Spanish conquest of Honduras __knowledge__ In 1502, the territory was claimed for the king of Spain by Christopher Columbus on his fourth and final trip to the New World.", "Spanish conquest of Honduras __knowledge__ The territory that now comprises Honduras was inhabited by a mix of indigenous peoples straddling a transitional cultural zone between Mesoamerica to the northwest, and the Intermediate Area to the southeast.", "Spanish conquest of Honduras __knowledge__ Indigenous groups included Maya, Lenca, Pech, Miskito, Sumu, Jicaque, Pipil and Chorotega.", "European colonization of the Americas __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas describes the history of the settlement and establishment of control of the continents of the Americas by various European powers.", "European colonization of the Americas __knowledge__ Starting in either the 10th or 11th century, West Norse sailors explored and briefly settled on the shores of present-day Canada, according to Icelandic Sagas and archeological evidence, but violent conflicts with the indigenous population ultimately led to the Norse abandoning those settlements.", "European colonization of the Americas __knowledge__ European colonization began in 1492, when a Spanish expedition headed by the Genoese explorer Christopher Columbus sailed west to find a new trade route to the Far East but inadvertently landed in what came to be known to Europeans as the \"New World\".", "Slavery __knowledge__ Slavery is any system in which principles of property law are applied to people, allowing individuals to own, buy and sell other individuals, as a \"de jure\" form of property.", "Slavery __knowledge__ A slave is unable to withdraw unilaterally from such an arrangement and works without remuneration.", "Slavery __knowledge__ Many scholars now use the term chattel slavery to refer to this specific sense of legalised, \"de jure\" slavery.", "Slavery __knowledge__ In a broader sense, however, the word slavery may also refer to any situation in which an individual is \"de facto\" forced to work against their own will.", "Slavery __knowledge__ Scholars also use the more generic terms such as unfree labour or forced labour to refer to such situations." ] ]

[ 1, 8, 10, 11 ]

[ "Have you ever had kale? It is a leaf cabbage grown for its edible leaves.", "Yes in ancient times it was used to treat bowel movements.", "Kale was brought to the Americas by colonists during the 16th century.", "True, Russians brought Russian kale to Canada in the 19th century." ]

[ "Kale", "Kale", "Kale", "Kale" ]

[ "Teenage pregnancy\nI had my daughter when I was a senior in high school at 17", "How many teenagers get pregnant every year?", "That's more than I expected. What kinds of things are done to try to prevent more teen pregnancies?", "How much has the teen pregnancy rate increased over the years?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ Teenage pregnancy, also known as adolescent pregnancy, is pregnancy in females under the age of 20.", "Teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ A female can become pregnant from sexual intercourse after she has begun to ovulate, which can be before her first menstrual period (menarche) but usually occurs after the onset of her periods.", "Teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ In well-nourished females, menarche usually takes place around the age of 12 or 13.", "Teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ Pregnant teenagers face many of the same pregnancy related issues as other women.", "Teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ There are, however, additional concerns for those under 15 of age as they are less likely to be physically developed enough to sustain a healthy pregnancy or to give birth.", "Teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ For girls aged 15–19 risks are associated more with socioeconomic factors than with the biological effects of age.", "Teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ Risks of low birth weight, premature labor, anemia, and pre-eclampsia are connected to the biological age, being observed in teen births even after controlling for other risk factors (such as accessing prenatal care etc.).", "Teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ In developed countries, teenage pregnancies are associated with social issues, including lower educational levels, poverty, and other negative life outcomes in children of teenage mothers.", "Teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ Teenage pregnancy in developed countries is usually outside of marriage, and carries a social stigma in many communities and cultures.", "Rock Eisteddfod Challenge results (Australia) __knowledge__ These are the results of the Rock Eisteddfod Challenge in Australia, since 1984.", "Rock Eisteddfod Challenge results (Australia) __knowledge__ 1st – Craigslea State High School 2nd – Riverside High School 1st – Mitchelton State High School 1st – St Patrick's College 2nd – King's Christian College Equal 1st – St Columba’s College Equal 1st – Fairhills High School 3rd – Brunswick Secondary College 1st – Parade College 2nd – Eltham High School 1st – Kilbreda College and St Bede’s College (Combined) 2nd – Bendigo Senior Secondary College 3rd – Lyndhurst Secondary College Equal 4th – Hoppers Crossing Secondary College Equal 4th – Elisabeth Murdoch College 1st – Northmead Creative And Performing Arts High School Equal 2nd – Smith's Hill High School Equal 2nd – St Joseph's High School 4th – Woolooware High School 5th - Mackellar Girls Campus 1st – Tuggerah Lakes Secondary College (Tumbi Umbi Campus) 2nd – Northern Beaches Secondary College 3rd – Colyton High School 1st – Randwick Girls'/Boys' High Schools' Equal 2nd – Mackillop Catholic College Equal 2nd – MLC School 4th – East Hills Boys High School 5th – Smith's Hill High School 1st – Kangaroo Island Community Education Centre 2nd – Blackwood High School 1st - Randwick Girls’/Boy’s High Schools – NSW 2nd - Kilbreda College and St Bede’s College (Combined) – 93473 - VIC 3rd (tied) - Mackillop Catholic College – NSW 3rd (tied) - MLC School – NSW 1st - Dapto Public School – NSW 2nd - St Joseph's Catholic Primary School – NSW 3rd - Kew Primary School – VIC 1st - Woolooware High School – The Tell Tale Heart – NSW 2nd - Knox United – 93473 - VIC 3rd - St Columba's College – A Grim Tale - VIC 1st – Harristown State High School 1st – Lowood State High School 1st – Launceston Church Grammar School 2nd – Riverside High School 1st – Brunswick Secondary College - Submerged 2nd – Lara Secondary College - Peter And The Wolf 3rd – Overnewton Anglican Community College - The Strange Case... 4th – Penleigh and Essendon Grammar School - Finding Jack 5th – Traralgon College - Plastic Fantastic 1st – Knox United – No One Mourns the Wicked 2nd – Montmorency Secondary College 3rd – Gladstone Park Secondary College Equal 4th – Boort District School Equal 4th – Cohuna Secondary College 1st – Gisborne Secondary College 2nd – Our Lady of The Sacred Heart College – Bentleigh 3rd – Echuca College Equal 4th – Lyndhurst Secondary College Equal 4th – Bendigo Senior Secondary College 1st – Swan View Senior High School 2nd – Perth Modern School 1st – Kalgoorlie – Boulder Community High School 1st – MLC School Equal 2nd – Cranebrook High School Equal 2nd – Lisarow High School 4th – Springwood High School Equal 5th – Mackellar Girls Campus Equal 5th – Northmead Creative And Performing Arts High School 1st – Stella Maris College 2nd – Woolooware High School 3rd – Parramatta PCYC 4th – Tuggerah Lakes Secondary College – Tumbi Umbi Campus 5th – Emmaus Catholic College 1st – St Peter's Catholic College (Tuggerah) 2nd – Randwick Girls'/Boys' High Schools 3rd – Ravenswood School for Girls 4th – Hornsby Girls' High School Equal 5th – Kingswood High School Equal 5th – Yr 8–10 Smith's Hill High School 1st – MLC School 2nd – Year 10, 11 & 12 Smith's Hill High School 3rd – Cranebrook High School 1st – Launceston Church Grammar School 2nd – Riverside High School 1st Brighton Secondary School – MAX – SA 2nd Cranebrook High School- Whaka – NSW 3rd tied Woolooware High School – Still Alice – NSW and Brunswick Secondary College – Submerged – VIC 1st – Fairhills High School Bon Appetit 2nd – Pascoe Vale Girls' College The Masks We Wear 3rd – Parkdale Secondary College The Dream Stealers 4th – Emerald Secondary College Wanted: Creator of Chaos 5th – Echuca High School Greed 1st – The Knox School 2nd – Gladstone Park Secondary College Diamonds Are Forever 3rd – Penleigh and Essendon Grammar School Hotel Rwanda 4th – Brentwood Secondary College Evolution 5th – Parade College 1st – Overnewton Anglican Community College Leaving Home 2nd – Western Heights College 4th – Our Lady of the Sacred Heart College - Bentleigh 3rd – Bendigo Senior Secondary College Flash Point 5th – Brunswick Secondary College Momento 1st – Mackellar Girls Campus, Northern Beaches Secondary College The Grapes of Wrath 2nd – Randwick Boys and Girls High Schools The House of Berlei: A Story of Our Nation's Foundations 3rd – Terrigal High School Doorways 4th – Smith's Hill High School Guernica 5th – Northmead High School In:Equity 1st – Sutherland PCYC Rosa Parks: Woman Of Colour 2nd – Stella Maris College 3rd – Springwood High School 4th – Parramatta PCYC 5th – Calwell High School 1st – St Peters Catholic College - Tuggerah 2nd – Engadine High School 3rd – Randwick Boys and Girls High Schools 4th – Emmaus Catholic College 5th – Ravenswood School for Girls 1st Mackellar Girls High School – The Grapes of Wrath – NSW 2nd Sutherland PCYC- Rosa Parks: Woman of Colour – NSW 3rd tied Randwick Boys /Girls High Schools – The House of Berlei: A Story of our Nations Foundations – NSW and Stella Maris College – Dare To Be Different – NSW 1st – Brighton Secondary School 2nd – Bordertown High School 3rd – Blackwood High School 1st – Fairhills High School Oceania 2nd – St. Columba's College Women's Rites 3rd – Brunswick Secondary College Glitch 4th – Pascoe Vale Girls' College MaDness 5th – Overnewton Anglican Community College Yackadandah Jones and the Golden Natarajah 1st – Mordialloc Secondary College After The Thunder 2nd – Lara Secondary College Frida 3rd – Echuca College The Story of Mother Theresa 4th – Western Heights College 5th – Parade College 1st – Bathurst PCYC Canceled due to bad weather!", "Southern Tioga School District __knowledge__ Southern Tioga School District is a small, rural public schools system located in northern Central Pennsylvania covering parts of Tioga County and Lycoming County.", "Southern Tioga School District __knowledge__ It encompasses .", "Southern Tioga School District __knowledge__ According to 2010 federal census data, it serves a resident population of 15,551 making it a third class school district.", "Southern Tioga School District __knowledge__ The district operates schools in Mansfield, Liberty, and Blossburg.", "Southern Tioga School District __knowledge__ It serves residents in: Covington Township, Rutland Township, Richmond Township, Liberty Township, Bloss Township, Sullivan Township, Ward Township, Morris Township, and Hamilton Township, as well as Roseville Borough and Putnam.", "Southern Tioga School District __knowledge__ In Lycoming County, Southern Tioga School District serves both: Jackson Township and Cogan House Township.", "Northern Tioga School District __knowledge__ The Northern Tioga School District is a rural public school district operating in Tioga County, Pennsylvania, US.", "Northern Tioga School District __knowledge__ The district serves an extensive rural region, spanning across the northern section of Tioga County.", "Northern Tioga School District __knowledge__ Northern Tioga School District is a third class school district having less than 30,000 residents and is one of the 500 public school districts of Pennsylvania.", "Northern Tioga School District __knowledge__ Municipalities served include: Tioga, Tioga Township, Jackson Township, Lawrenceville, Lawrence Township, Farmington Township, Elkland, Elkland Township, Osceola Township, Knoxville, Chatham Township, Deerfield Township, Brookfield, Westfield, and Clymer Township.", "List of secondary education systems by country __knowledge__ Secondary education covers two phases on the ISCED scale.", "List of secondary education systems by country __knowledge__ Level 2 or lower secondary education is considered the second and final phase of basic education, and level 3 or upper secondary education is the stage before tertiary education.", "List of secondary education systems by country __knowledge__ Every country aims to provide basic education, but the systems and terminology remain unique to them.", "List of secondary education systems by country __knowledge__ Secondary education typically takes place after six years of primary education and is followed by higher education, vocational education or employment.", "List of secondary education systems by country __knowledge__ In Algeria, secondary school starts after obtaining the BEM (Brevet d'Enseignement Moyen) (Middle School Certificate), and ends by getting the Baccalaureate that exclusively grants access to national universities.", "List of Long Island public school districts and schools __knowledge__ Long Island's Nassau and Suffolk counties are home to 125 school districts containing a total of 656 public schools.", "List of Long Island public school districts and schools __knowledge__ Amagansett School Amityville Memorial High School, Park Avenue School, Edmund W. Miles Middle School, Northeast School, Northwest Elementary School Babylon Memorial Grade School, Babylon Junior-Senior High School, Babylon Elementary School Baldwin Middle School, Brookside Elementary School, Baldwin Senior High School, Lenox Elementary School, Meadow Elementary School, Milburn Elementary School, Plaza Elementary School, Shubert Elementary School, Steele Elementary School Bay Shore Middle School, Bay Shore Senior High School, Brook Avenue Elementary School, Fifth Avenue School, Gardiner Manor School, Mary G. Clarkson School, South Country School James Wilson Young Middle School, Bayport-Blue Point High School, Academy Street Elementary School, Blue Point Elementary School, Sylvan Avenue Elementary School Shore Road School, Reinhard Early Childhood Center, Winthrop Avenue School Merrick Avenue Middle School, Grand Avenue Middle School, John F. Kennedy High School, Sanford H. Calhoun High School, Wellington C. Mepham High School Bethpage Senior High School, John F. Kennedy Middle School, Central Boulevard Elementary School, Charles Campagne School, Kramer Lane Elementary School North Middle School, Brentwood High School, South Middle School, West Middle School, East Middle School, Freshman Center, East Elementary School, Hemlock Park Elementary School, Laurel Park Elementary School, Loretta Park Elementary School, North Elementary School, Northeast Elementary School, Oak Park Elementary School, Pine Park Elementary School, Southeast Elementary School, Southwest Elementary School, Twin Pines Elementary School Bridgehampton School Carle Place Middle Senior High School, Cherry Lane School, Rushmore Avenue School Center Moriches High School, Center Moriches Middle School, Clayton Huey Elementary School Cordello Avenue Elementary School, Central Islip Senior High School, Andrew T. Morrow School, Central Islip Early Childhood Center, Charles A. Mulligan School, Francis J. O'Neill School, Marguerite L. Mulvey School, Ralph Reed School Cold Spring Harbor Jr./Sr.", "Berwick Area School District __knowledge__ The Berwick Area School District is a midsized, rural, public school district.", "Berwick Area School District __knowledge__ Berwick Area School District encompasses approximately , spanning portions of two central Pennsylvania counties.", "Berwick Area School District __knowledge__ In Columbia County it covers the Boroughs of Berwick and Briar Creek and Briar Creek Township.", "Berwick Area School District __knowledge__ In Luzerne County it covers the Borough of Nescopeck and Hollenback Township, Nescopeck Township and Salem Township.", "Berwick Area School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, it served a resident population of 22,622.", "Berwick Area School District __knowledge__ By 2010, the District's population had declined to 22,332 people.", "Berwick Area School District __knowledge__ The educational attainment levels for the School District population (25 years old and over) were 82.1% high school graduates and 13.7% college graduates.", "Shenandoah Valley School District __knowledge__ The Shenandoah Valley School District is a diminutive, rural public school district in Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania.", "Shenandoah Valley School District __knowledge__ It serves the municipalities of Shenandoah, and West Mahanoy Township.", "Shenandoah Valley School District __knowledge__ The district encompasses approximately in two noncontiguous areas.", "Shenandoah Valley School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, it served a resident population of 11,790.", "Shenandoah Valley School District __knowledge__ By 2010, the district's population declined to 7,940 people.", "Shenandoah Valley School District __knowledge__ The educational attainment levels for the Shenandoah Valley School District population (25 years old and over) were 79.4% high school graduates and 10.3% college graduates.", "Shenandoah Valley School District __knowledge__ The district is one of the 500 public school districts of Pennsylvania." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ Teenage pregnancy, also known as adolescent pregnancy, is pregnancy in females under the age of 20.", "Teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ A female can become pregnant from sexual intercourse after she has begun to ovulate, which can be before her first menstrual period (menarche) but usually occurs after the onset of her periods.", "Teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ In well-nourished females, menarche usually takes place around the age of 12 or 13.", "Teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ Pregnant teenagers face many of the same pregnancy related issues as other women.", "Teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ There are, however, additional concerns for those under 15 of age as they are less likely to be physically developed enough to sustain a healthy pregnancy or to give birth.", "Teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ For girls aged 15–19 risks are associated more with socioeconomic factors than with the biological effects of age.", "Teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ Risks of low birth weight, premature labor, anemia, and pre-eclampsia are connected to the biological age, being observed in teen births even after controlling for other risk factors (such as accessing prenatal care etc.).", "Teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ In developed countries, teenage pregnancies are associated with social issues, including lower educational levels, poverty, and other negative life outcomes in children of teenage mothers.", "Teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ Teenage pregnancy in developed countries is usually outside of marriage, and carries a social stigma in many communities and cultures.", "Prenatal care in the United States __knowledge__ Prenatal care in the United States is a health care provided to women also being a type of preventive care with the goal of providing regular check-ups that allow obstetricians-gynecologists or midwives to detect, treat and prevent potential health problems throughout the course of the pregnancy while promoting healthy lifestyles that benefit both mother and child.", "Prenatal care in the United States __knowledge__ Patients attend regular check-ups once every month during the first two trimesters and the number of appointments increase to once a week as the due date nears.", "Prenatal care in the United States __knowledge__ Check-ups consist of various tests to ensure that mother and child are healthy.", "Teenage pregnancy in Australia __knowledge__ Teenage pregnancy is girl between the ages of 13 and 19, becoming pregnant.", "Teenage pregnancy in Australia __knowledge__ The term used in every day speech usually refers to girls who have not yet reached legal adulthood, which in Australia is anyone under the age of 18.", "Teenage pregnancy in Australia __knowledge__ At the national level, the teenage birth rate has declined in the last decade.", "Teenage pregnancy in Australia __knowledge__ The rate was about 16 babies per 1,000 women aged 15–19 years between 2011 and 2012 but this had fallen to 11.9 births per 1,000 women aged 15-19 in 2015, the lowest figure on record.", "Teenage pregnancy in Australia __knowledge__ Terminations can be performed up until the 12-week mark.", "Teenage pregnancy in Australia __knowledge__ About half of all teenage pregnancies are terminated in Australia.", "Peer Health Exchange __knowledge__ Peer Health Exchange is a 501(c)3 organization empowering teens to make healthy decisions.", "Peer Health Exchange __knowledge__ To do so, the organization trains college student volunteers to teach a skills-based health curriculum in public high schools in low-income communities that lack comprehensive health education.", "Peer Health Exchange __knowledge__ It is made up of college students in Boston, New York City, Chicago, Washington D.C., Los Angeles and the Bay Area who volunteer in public high schools to teach health education classes.", "Peer Health Exchange __knowledge__ The vision of Peer Health Exchange is that one day, all teens will have the knowledge and skills to make healthy decisions.", "Peer Health Exchange __knowledge__ Due to staffing shortages and budget cuts in public high schools, sexual and health education has suffered.", "Scientology and abortion __knowledge__ The intersection of Scientology and abortion has a controversial history which began with Scientology founder L. Ron Hubbard's discussion of abortion in his 1950 book \"\".", "Scientology and abortion __knowledge__ Hubbard wrote in \"Dianetics\" that abortion and attempts at abortion could cause trauma to the fetus and to the mother in both spiritual and physical ways.", "Scientology and abortion __knowledge__ Scientologists came to believe that attempted abortions could cause traumatic experiences felt by the fetus, which would later be remembered as memories referred to in Scientology as \"engrams\".", "Scientology and abortion __knowledge__ In the Scientology technique called Auditing, Scientologists are frequently queried regarding their sexual feelings and behaviors.", "In vitro fertilisation __knowledge__ In vitro fertilisation (IVF) is a process of fertilisation where an egg is combined with sperm outside the body, in vitro (\"in glass\").", "In vitro fertilisation __knowledge__ The process involves monitoring and stimulating a woman's ovulatory process, removing an ovum or ova (egg or eggs) from the woman's ovaries and letting sperm fertilise them in a liquid in a laboratory.", "In vitro fertilisation __knowledge__ The fertilised egg (zygote) undergoes embryo culture for 2–6 days, and is then transferred to the same or another woman's uterus, with the intention of establishing a successful pregnancy.", "In vitro fertilisation __knowledge__ IVF is a type of assisted reproductive technology used for infertility treatment and gestational surrogacy, in which a fertilised egg is implanted into a surrogate's uterus, and the resulting child is genetically unrelated to the surrogate.", "Teenage pregnancy in the United States __knowledge__ Teenage pregnancy in the United States relates to girls under the age of 20 who become pregnant.", "Teenage pregnancy in the United States __knowledge__ Most occurrences take place out-of-wedlock.", "Teenage pregnancy in the United States __knowledge__ According to the Centers for Disease Control, more than 4 out of 5, or 80%, of teenage pregnancies are unintended.", "Teenage pregnancy in the United States __knowledge__ In 2010, of the majority of pregnancies to adolescent females in the United States, an estimated 60% ended in live birth, 15% ended in miscarriage, and 30% in abortion.", "Teenage pregnancy in the United States __knowledge__ In 2012, there were 104,700 maternal hospital stays for pregnant teens; the number of hospital stays for teen pregnancies decreased by 47 percent from 2000-2012.", "Teenage pregnancy in the United States __knowledge__ In 2014, 249,078 babies were born to women aged 15 – 19 years old.", "Sex education in the United States __knowledge__ Sex education in the United States is taught in two main forms: comprehensive sex education and abstinence-only.", "Sex education in the United States __knowledge__ Comprehensive sex education is also called abstinence-based, abstinence-plus, abstinence-plus-risk-reduction, and sexual risk reduction sex education.", "Sex education in the United States __knowledge__ This approach covers abstinence as a choice option, but also informs adolescents about human sexuality, age of consent and the availability of contraception and techniques to avoid contraction of sexually transmitted infections.", "Sex education in the United States __knowledge__ Abstinence-only sex education is also called abstinence-centered, abstinence-only-until-marriage, sexual risk avoidance, and most recently, youth empowerment sex education.", "Adolescent sexuality in the United States __knowledge__ According to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), in the year 2007, 35% of US high school students were currently sexually active and 47.8% of US high school students reported having had sexual intercourse.", "Adolescent sexuality in the United States __knowledge__ This percentage has decreased slightly since 1991.", "Adolescent sexuality in the United States __knowledge__ According to a 1994 study, every year an estimated one in four sexually active teens contracts a sexually transmitted infection (STI).", "Adolescent sexuality in the United States __knowledge__ Teenage pregnancy is four times as prevalent in the United States as in the European Union.", "Adolescent sexuality in the United States __knowledge__ However, US teen pregnancy rates have been steadily declining for decades, according to the Centers for Disease Control and were at a \"record low\" as of 2012.", "Prevalence of teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ Industrialized and developing countries have distinctly different rates of teenage pregnancy.", "Prevalence of teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ In developed regions, such as United States, Canada, Western Europe, Australia, and New Zealand, teen parents tend to be unmarried and adolescent pregnancy is seen as a social issue.", "Prevalence of teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ By contrast, teenage parents in developing regions such as Africa, West Asia, South Asia, and the Pacific Islands are often married, and their pregnancy may be welcomed by family and society.", "Prevalence of teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ However, in these societies, early pregnancy may combine with malnutrition and poor health care to cause medical problems.", "Prevalence of teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ A report by Save the Children found that, annually, 13 million children are born to women under age 20 worldwide.", "Sex education __knowledge__ Sex education is instruction on issues relating to human sexuality, including emotional relations and responsibilities, human sexual anatomy, sexual activity, sexual reproduction, age of consent, reproductive health, reproductive rights, safe sex, birth control and sexual abstinence.", "Sex education __knowledge__ Sex education that covers all of these aspects is known as comprehensive sex education.", "Sex education __knowledge__ Common avenues for sex education are parents or caregivers, formal school programs, and public health campaigns.", "Sex education __knowledge__ Traditionally, adolescents in many cultures were not given any information on sexual matters, with the discussion of these issues being considered taboo.", "Candie's Foundation __knowledge__ The Candie's Foundation is a non-profit organization whose mission is to prevent teenage pregnancy through educational campaigns.", "Candie's Foundation __knowledge__ The foundation develops and runs communication campaigns to raise awareness about, and motivate teens to prevent, teen pregnancy.", "Candie's Foundation __knowledge__ Fox News reports that the foundation \"advocates for abstinence to prevent unwanted pregnancies\".", "Candie's Foundation __knowledge__ In 2001, Neil Cole, head of the fashion brand Candie's and an executive at Iconix Brand Group, founded The Candie's Foundation, for the purpose of educating teenagers as to the risks and consequences of teen pregnancy.", "Candie's Foundation __knowledge__ The Candie's Foundation implements national ad campaigns that encourage teenagers to wait until they are adults to have children." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ Teenage pregnancy, also known as adolescent pregnancy, is pregnancy in females under the age of 20.", "Teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ A female can become pregnant from sexual intercourse after she has begun to ovulate, which can be before her first menstrual period (menarche) but usually occurs after the onset of her periods.", "Teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ In well-nourished females, menarche usually takes place around the age of 12 or 13.", "Teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ Pregnant teenagers face many of the same pregnancy related issues as other women.", "Teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ There are, however, additional concerns for those under 15 of age as they are less likely to be physically developed enough to sustain a healthy pregnancy or to give birth.", "Teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ For girls aged 15–19 risks are associated more with socioeconomic factors than with the biological effects of age.", "Teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ Risks of low birth weight, premature labor, anemia, and pre-eclampsia are connected to the biological age, being observed in teen births even after controlling for other risk factors (such as accessing prenatal care etc.).", "Teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ In developed countries, teenage pregnancies are associated with social issues, including lower educational levels, poverty, and other negative life outcomes in children of teenage mothers.", "Teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ Teenage pregnancy in developed countries is usually outside of marriage, and carries a social stigma in many communities and cultures.", "Teenage pregnancy in the United States __knowledge__ Teenage pregnancy in the United States relates to girls under the age of 20 who become pregnant.", "Teenage pregnancy in the United States __knowledge__ Most occurrences take place out-of-wedlock.", "Teenage pregnancy in the United States __knowledge__ According to the Centers for Disease Control, more than 4 out of 5, or 80%, of teenage pregnancies are unintended.", "Teenage pregnancy in the United States __knowledge__ In 2010, of the majority of pregnancies to adolescent females in the United States, an estimated 60% ended in live birth, 15% ended in miscarriage, and 30% in abortion.", "Teenage pregnancy in the United States __knowledge__ In 2012, there were 104,700 maternal hospital stays for pregnant teens; the number of hospital stays for teen pregnancies decreased by 47 percent from 2000-2012.", "Teenage pregnancy in the United States __knowledge__ In 2014, 249,078 babies were born to women aged 15 – 19 years old.", "Unintended pregnancy __knowledge__ Unintended pregnancies are pregnancies that are mistimed, unplanned or unwanted at the time of conception.", "Unintended pregnancy __knowledge__ Unintended pregnancies may also result from rape, incest or various other forms of forced or unwanted sex.", "Unintended pregnancy __knowledge__ Vaginal sexual activity without the use of contraception through choice or coercion is the predominant cause of unintended pregnancy.", "Unintended pregnancy __knowledge__ The incorrect use of a contraceptive method, and failure of the method chosen also contributing.", "Unintended pregnancy __knowledge__ Available contraception methods include use of birth control pills, a condom, intrauterine device (IUD, IUC, IUS), contraceptive implant (implanon/nexplanon), hormonal patch, hormonal ring, cervical caps, diaphragms, spermicides, or sterilization.", "Adolescent sexuality in the United States __knowledge__ According to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), in the year 2007, 35% of US high school students were currently sexually active and 47.8% of US high school students reported having had sexual intercourse.", "Adolescent sexuality in the United States __knowledge__ This percentage has decreased slightly since 1991.", "Adolescent sexuality in the United States __knowledge__ According to a 1994 study, every year an estimated one in four sexually active teens contracts a sexually transmitted infection (STI).", "Adolescent sexuality in the United States __knowledge__ Teenage pregnancy is four times as prevalent in the United States as in the European Union.", "Adolescent sexuality in the United States __knowledge__ However, US teen pregnancy rates have been steadily declining for decades, according to the Centers for Disease Control and were at a \"record low\" as of 2012.", "Sex education __knowledge__ Sex education is instruction on issues relating to human sexuality, including emotional relations and responsibilities, human sexual anatomy, sexual activity, sexual reproduction, age of consent, reproductive health, reproductive rights, safe sex, birth control and sexual abstinence.", "Sex education __knowledge__ Sex education that covers all of these aspects is known as comprehensive sex education.", "Sex education __knowledge__ Common avenues for sex education are parents or caregivers, formal school programs, and public health campaigns.", "Sex education __knowledge__ Traditionally, adolescents in many cultures were not given any information on sexual matters, with the discussion of these issues being considered taboo.", "Prevalence of teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ Industrialized and developing countries have distinctly different rates of teenage pregnancy.", "Prevalence of teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ In developed regions, such as United States, Canada, Western Europe, Australia, and New Zealand, teen parents tend to be unmarried and adolescent pregnancy is seen as a social issue.", "Prevalence of teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ By contrast, teenage parents in developing regions such as Africa, West Asia, South Asia, and the Pacific Islands are often married, and their pregnancy may be welcomed by family and society.", "Prevalence of teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ However, in these societies, early pregnancy may combine with malnutrition and poor health care to cause medical problems.", "Prevalence of teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ A report by Save the Children found that, annually, 13 million children are born to women under age 20 worldwide.", "Multiple birth __knowledge__ A multiple birth is the culmination of one multiple pregnancy, wherein the mother delivers two or more offspring.", "Multiple birth __knowledge__ A term most applicable to placental species, multiple births occur in most kinds of mammals, with varying frequencies.", "Multiple birth __knowledge__ Such births are often named according to the number of offspring, as in \"twins\" and \"triplets\".", "Multiple birth __knowledge__ In non-humans, the whole group may also be referred to as a \"litter\", and multiple births may be more common than single births.", "Multiple birth __knowledge__ Multiple births in humans are the exception, and can be exceptionally rare in the largest mammals.", "Multiple birth __knowledge__ Each single fertilized egg (zygote) may produce a single embryo, or it may split into two or more embryos, each carrying the same genetic material.", "Human nutrition __knowledge__ Human nutrition deals with the provision of essential nutrients in food that are necessary to support human life and health.", "Human nutrition __knowledge__ Generally, people can survive up to 40 days without food, a period largely dependent on the amount of water consumed, stored body fat, muscle mass and genetic factors.", "Human nutrition __knowledge__ Poor nutrition is a chronic problem often linked to poverty, a poor understanding of nutrition and dietary practices, and deficient sanitation and food security.", "Human nutrition __knowledge__ Malnutrition and its consequences are large contributors to deaths and disabilities worldwide.", "Human nutrition __knowledge__ Good nutrition helps children grow physically, promotes human biological development and helps in the eradication of poverty.", "Malnutrition __knowledge__ Malnutrition is a condition that results from eating a diet in which nutrients are either not enough or are too much such that the diet causes health problems.", "Malnutrition __knowledge__ It may involve calories, protein, carbohydrates, vitamins or minerals.", "Malnutrition __knowledge__ Not enough nutrients is called undernutrition or undernourishment while too much is called overnutrition.", "Malnutrition __knowledge__ Malnutrition is often used to specifically refer to undernutrition where an individual is not getting enough calories, protein, or micronutrients.", "Malnutrition __knowledge__ If undernutrition occurs during pregnancy, or before two years of age, it may result in permanent problems with physical and mental development.", "Human rights and development __knowledge__ Human rights and development aims converge in many instances and are beneficial only to the government and not the people although there can be conflict between their different approaches.", "Human rights and development __knowledge__ Today, a human rights-based approach is viewed by many as essential to achieving development goals.", "Human rights and development __knowledge__ Historically, the \"minority clauses\" guaranteeing civil and political rights and religious and cultural toleration to minorities were significant acts emerging from the peace process of World War I relating to a peoples rights to self-determination.", "Human rights and development __knowledge__ Overseen by the League of Nations Council the process allowed petitions from individuals and was monitored under the jurisdiction of the Permanent Court of International Justice.", "Child labour __knowledge__ Child labour refers to the employment of children in any work that deprives children of their childhood, interferes with their ability to attend regular school, and that is mentally, physically, socially or morally dangerous and harmful.", "Child labour __knowledge__ This practice is considered exploitative by many international organisations.", "Child labour __knowledge__ Legislation across the world prohibit child labour.", "Child labour __knowledge__ These laws do not consider all work by children as child labour; exceptions include work by child artists, family duties, supervised training, certain categories of work such as those by Amish children, some forms of child work common among indigenous American children, and others.", "Poverty in the United States __knowledge__ Poverty is a state of deprivation, lacking the usual or socially acceptable amount of money or material possessions.", "Poverty in the United States __knowledge__ The most common measure of poverty in the U.S. is the \"poverty threshold\" set by the U.S. government.", "Poverty in the United States __knowledge__ This measure recognizes poverty as a lack of those goods and services commonly taken for granted by members of mainstream society.", "Poverty in the United States __knowledge__ The official threshold is adjusted for inflation using the consumer price index.", "Poverty in the United States __knowledge__ Most Americans will spend at least one year below the poverty line at some point between ages 25 and 75.", "Poverty in the United States __knowledge__ Poverty rates are persistently higher in rural and inner city parts of the country as compared to suburban areas.", "Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemen __knowledge__ A military intervention was launched by Saudi Arabia in 2015, leading a coalition of nine African and Middle East countries, to influence the outcome of the Yemeni Civil War in favour of the government of President Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi.", "Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemen __knowledge__ Code-named Operation \"Decisive Storm\" ( \"'Amaliyyat 'Āṣifat al-Ḥazm\"), the intervention initially consisted of a bombing campaign on Houthi Rebels and later saw a naval blockade and the deployment of ground forces into Yemen.", "Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemen __knowledge__ The Saudi-led coalition has attacked the positions of the Houthi militia and loyalists of the former President of Yemen, Ali Abdullah Saleh, allegedly supported by Iran (See Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict), in response to a request from the internationally recognized government of President Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi.", "Child mortality __knowledge__ Child mortality, also known as under-5 mortality or child death, refers to the death of children under the age of five or between the age of one month to four years depending on the definition.", "Child mortality __knowledge__ Many deaths in developing countries go unreported since many poor families cannot afford to register their babies in the government registry.", "Child mortality __knowledge__ A child's death is emotionally hard on the parents and on their relationship as a couple.", "Child mortality __knowledge__ The same causes and preventative measures that apply to infant mortality (i.e.", "Child mortality __knowledge__ for children younger than one year old) also apply to understanding child mortality.", "Child mortality __knowledge__ Reduction of child mortality is the fourth of the United Nations' Millennium Development Goals." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ Teenage pregnancy, also known as adolescent pregnancy, is pregnancy in females under the age of 20.", "Teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ A female can become pregnant from sexual intercourse after she has begun to ovulate, which can be before her first menstrual period (menarche) but usually occurs after the onset of her periods.", "Teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ In well-nourished females, menarche usually takes place around the age of 12 or 13.", "Teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ Pregnant teenagers face many of the same pregnancy related issues as other women.", "Teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ There are, however, additional concerns for those under 15 of age as they are less likely to be physically developed enough to sustain a healthy pregnancy or to give birth.", "Teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ For girls aged 15–19 risks are associated more with socioeconomic factors than with the biological effects of age.", "Teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ Risks of low birth weight, premature labor, anemia, and pre-eclampsia are connected to the biological age, being observed in teen births even after controlling for other risk factors (such as accessing prenatal care etc.).", "Teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ In developed countries, teenage pregnancies are associated with social issues, including lower educational levels, poverty, and other negative life outcomes in children of teenage mothers.", "Teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ Teenage pregnancy in developed countries is usually outside of marriage, and carries a social stigma in many communities and cultures.", "Teenage pregnancy in the United States __knowledge__ Teenage pregnancy in the United States relates to girls under the age of 20 who become pregnant.", "Teenage pregnancy in the United States __knowledge__ Most occurrences take place out-of-wedlock.", "Teenage pregnancy in the United States __knowledge__ According to the Centers for Disease Control, more than 4 out of 5, or 80%, of teenage pregnancies are unintended.", "Teenage pregnancy in the United States __knowledge__ In 2010, of the majority of pregnancies to adolescent females in the United States, an estimated 60% ended in live birth, 15% ended in miscarriage, and 30% in abortion.", "Teenage pregnancy in the United States __knowledge__ In 2012, there were 104,700 maternal hospital stays for pregnant teens; the number of hospital stays for teen pregnancies decreased by 47 percent from 2000-2012.", "Teenage pregnancy in the United States __knowledge__ In 2014, 249,078 babies were born to women aged 15 – 19 years old.", "Prevalence of teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ Industrialized and developing countries have distinctly different rates of teenage pregnancy.", "Prevalence of teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ In developed regions, such as United States, Canada, Western Europe, Australia, and New Zealand, teen parents tend to be unmarried and adolescent pregnancy is seen as a social issue.", "Prevalence of teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ By contrast, teenage parents in developing regions such as Africa, West Asia, South Asia, and the Pacific Islands are often married, and their pregnancy may be welcomed by family and society.", "Prevalence of teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ However, in these societies, early pregnancy may combine with malnutrition and poor health care to cause medical problems.", "Prevalence of teenage pregnancy __knowledge__ A report by Save the Children found that, annually, 13 million children are born to women under age 20 worldwide.", "Adolescent sexuality in the United States __knowledge__ According to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), in the year 2007, 35% of US high school students were currently sexually active and 47.8% of US high school students reported having had sexual intercourse.", "Adolescent sexuality in the United States __knowledge__ This percentage has decreased slightly since 1991.", "Adolescent sexuality in the United States __knowledge__ According to a 1994 study, every year an estimated one in four sexually active teens contracts a sexually transmitted infection (STI).", "Adolescent sexuality in the United States __knowledge__ Teenage pregnancy is four times as prevalent in the United States as in the European Union.", "Adolescent sexuality in the United States __knowledge__ However, US teen pregnancy rates have been steadily declining for decades, according to the Centers for Disease Control and were at a \"record low\" as of 2012.", "Sex education __knowledge__ Sex education is instruction on issues relating to human sexuality, including emotional relations and responsibilities, human sexual anatomy, sexual activity, sexual reproduction, age of consent, reproductive health, reproductive rights, safe sex, birth control and sexual abstinence.", "Sex education __knowledge__ Sex education that covers all of these aspects is known as comprehensive sex education.", "Sex education __knowledge__ Common avenues for sex education are parents or caregivers, formal school programs, and public health campaigns.", "Sex education __knowledge__ Traditionally, adolescents in many cultures were not given any information on sexual matters, with the discussion of these issues being considered taboo.", "In vitro fertilisation __knowledge__ In vitro fertilisation (IVF) is a process of fertilisation where an egg is combined with sperm outside the body, in vitro (\"in glass\").", "In vitro fertilisation __knowledge__ The process involves monitoring and stimulating a woman's ovulatory process, removing an ovum or ova (egg or eggs) from the woman's ovaries and letting sperm fertilise them in a liquid in a laboratory.", "In vitro fertilisation __knowledge__ The fertilised egg (zygote) undergoes embryo culture for 2–6 days, and is then transferred to the same or another woman's uterus, with the intention of establishing a successful pregnancy.", "In vitro fertilisation __knowledge__ IVF is a type of assisted reproductive technology used for infertility treatment and gestational surrogacy, in which a fertilised egg is implanted into a surrogate's uterus, and the resulting child is genetically unrelated to the surrogate.", "Sex education in the United States __knowledge__ Sex education in the United States is taught in two main forms: comprehensive sex education and abstinence-only.", "Sex education in the United States __knowledge__ Comprehensive sex education is also called abstinence-based, abstinence-plus, abstinence-plus-risk-reduction, and sexual risk reduction sex education.", "Sex education in the United States __knowledge__ This approach covers abstinence as a choice option, but also informs adolescents about human sexuality, age of consent and the availability of contraception and techniques to avoid contraction of sexually transmitted infections.", "Sex education in the United States __knowledge__ Abstinence-only sex education is also called abstinence-centered, abstinence-only-until-marriage, sexual risk avoidance, and most recently, youth empowerment sex education.", "Adolescent sexuality __knowledge__ Adolescent sexuality is a stage of human development in which adolescents experience and explore sexual feelings.", "Adolescent sexuality __knowledge__ Interest in sexuality intensifies during the onset of puberty, and sexuality is often a vital aspect of teenagers' lives.", "Adolescent sexuality __knowledge__ In humans, sexual interest may be expressed in a number of ways, such as flirting, kissing, masturbation, or having sex with a partner.", "Adolescent sexuality __knowledge__ Sexual interest among adolescents, as among adults, can vary greatly, and is influenced by cultural norms and mores, sex education provided, sexual orientation, and social controls such as age of consent laws.", "Adolescent sexuality __knowledge__ Sexual activity in general is associated with various risks.", "Birth control __knowledge__ Birth control, also known as contraception and fertility control, is a method or device used to prevent pregnancy.", "Birth control __knowledge__ Birth control has been used since ancient times, but effective and safe methods of birth control only became available in the 20th century.", "Birth control __knowledge__ Planning, making available, and using birth control is called family planning.", "Birth control __knowledge__ Some cultures limit or discourage access to birth control because they consider it to be morally, religiously, or politically undesirable.", "Birth control __knowledge__ The most effective methods of birth control are sterilization by means of vasectomy in males and tubal ligation in females, intrauterine devices (IUDs), and implantable birth control.", "Reproductive rights __knowledge__ Reproductive rights are legal rights and freedoms relating to reproduction and reproductive health that vary amongst countries around the world.", "Reproductive rights __knowledge__ The World Health Organization defines reproductive rights as follows: Reproductive rights rest on the recognition of the basic right of all couples and individuals to decide freely and responsibly the number, spacing and timing of their children and to have the information and means to do so, and the right to attain the highest standard of sexual and reproductive health.", "Reproductive rights __knowledge__ They also include the right of all to make decisions concerning reproduction free of discrimination, coercion and violence." ] ]

[ 1, 51, 26, 16 ]

[ "Wow! Teen pregnancy is pregnancy in females below the age of 20, so 17 is very young!", "A lot.. about 13 million children are born to women under 20 around the world.", "Sexual education can help with the issue of teen pregnancy by educating young women on issues relating to human anatomy, abstinence, and birth control.", "Well, industrialized countries have distinctly different rates of teen pregnancies than a developing country may have. " ]

[ "Teenage pregnancy", "Teenage pregnancy", "Teenage pregnancy", "Teenage pregnancy" ]

[ "Magic: The Gathering", "Yes i have played it only a couple of times i know there is a dice involved but could you tell me more", "Wow it has come a long way in the trading card scene i bet it gets really competitive" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Magic: The Gathering __knowledge__ Magic: The Gathering is a trading card game and a digital collectible card game.", "Magic: The Gathering __knowledge__ It was created by Richard Garfield.", "Magic: The Gathering __knowledge__ First published in 1993 by Wizards of the Coast, \"Magic\" was the first trading card game created and it continues to thrive, with approximately twenty million players .", "Magic: The Gathering __knowledge__ \"Magic\" can be played by two or more players in various formats, which fall into two categories: constructed and limited.", "Magic: The Gathering __knowledge__ Limited formats involve players building a deck spontaneously out of a pool of random cards with a minimum deck size of 40 cards.", "Magic: The Gathering __knowledge__ The other major category of formats is constructed.", "Magic: The Gathering __knowledge__ In constructed, players created decks from cards they own, usually 60 cards with no more than 4 of any given card.", "Magic: The Gathering __knowledge__ \"Magic\" is played in person with printed cards, or using a deck of virtual cards through the Internet-based \"\", or on a smartphone or tablet, or through .", "Magic: The Gathering __knowledge__ Each game represents a battle between wizards known as \"planeswalkers\", who employ spells, artifacts, and creatures depicted on individual \"Magic\" cards to defeat their opponents.", "Magic: The Gathering __knowledge__ Although the original concept of the game drew heavily from the motifs of traditional fantasy role-playing games such as \"Dungeons & Dragons\", the gameplay of \"Magic\" bears little similarity to pencil-and-paper adventure games, while having substantially more cards and more complex rules than many other card games." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Magic: The Gathering __knowledge__ Magic: The Gathering is a trading card game and a digital collectible card game.", "Magic: The Gathering __knowledge__ It was created by Richard Garfield.", "Magic: The Gathering __knowledge__ First published in 1993 by Wizards of the Coast, \"Magic\" was the first trading card game created and it continues to thrive, with approximately twenty million players .", "Magic: The Gathering __knowledge__ \"Magic\" can be played by two or more players in various formats, which fall into two categories: constructed and limited.", "Magic: The Gathering __knowledge__ Limited formats involve players building a deck spontaneously out of a pool of random cards with a minimum deck size of 40 cards.", "Magic: The Gathering __knowledge__ The other major category of formats is constructed.", "Magic: The Gathering __knowledge__ In constructed, players created decks from cards they own, usually 60 cards with no more than 4 of any given card.", "Magic: The Gathering __knowledge__ \"Magic\" is played in person with printed cards, or using a deck of virtual cards through the Internet-based \"\", or on a smartphone or tablet, or through .", "Magic: The Gathering __knowledge__ Each game represents a battle between wizards known as \"planeswalkers\", who employ spells, artifacts, and creatures depicted on individual \"Magic\" cards to defeat their opponents.", "Magic: The Gathering __knowledge__ Although the original concept of the game drew heavily from the motifs of traditional fantasy role-playing games such as \"Dungeons & Dragons\", the gameplay of \"Magic\" bears little similarity to pencil-and-paper adventure games, while having substantially more cards and more complex rules than many other card games.", "Craps __knowledge__ Craps is a dice game in which the players make wagers on the outcome of the roll, or a series of rolls, of a pair of dice.", "Craps __knowledge__ Players may wager money against each other (playing \"street craps\", also known as \"shooting dice,\" \"rolling bones,\" or any combination thereof) or a bank (playing \"casino craps\", also known as \"table craps\", or often just \"craps\").", "Craps __knowledge__ Because it requires little equipment, \"street craps\" can be played in informal settings.", "Craps __knowledge__ Craps developed from a simplification of the early English game of \"hazard\".", "Craps __knowledge__ Its origins are complex and may date to the Crusades, later being influenced by French gamblers.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ \"Regular Show\" is an American animated series created by J. G. Quintel.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ The series contains many characters, with seven main characters and various recurring and one-time characters.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai (voiced by J. G. Quintel) is a 5'10\" anthropomorphic blue jay (6' including the crest) who works as a groundskeeper at The Park.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ He has been best friends with Rigby ever since childhood, and together they are very lazy and constantly slack off at their jobs there.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai is more conscientious, mature, and moral about his actions than Rigby is, which sometimes leads to his opposing Rigby when he is the cause of some kind of chaotic problem.", "Dice __knowledge__ Dice (singular die or dice; from Old French \"dé\"; from Latin \"datum\" \"something which is given or played\") are small throwable objects with multiple resting positions, used for generating random numbers.", "Dice __knowledge__ Dice are suitable as gambling devices for games like craps and are also used in non-gambling tabletop games.", "Dice __knowledge__ A traditional die is a cube, with each of its six faces showing a different number of dots (pips) from 1 to 6.", "Dice __knowledge__ When thrown or rolled, the die comes to rest showing on its upper surface a random integer from one to six, each value being equally likely.", "Dice __knowledge__ A variety of similar devices are also described as dice; such specialized dice may have polyhedral or irregular shapes and may have faces marked with symbols instead of numbers.", "Nontransitive dice __knowledge__ A set of dice is nontransitive if it contains three dice, \"A\", \"B\", and \"C\", with the property that \"A\" rolls higher than \"B\" more than half the time, and \"B\" rolls higher than \"C\" more than half the time, but it is not true that \"A\" rolls higher than \"C\" more than half the time.", "Nontransitive dice __knowledge__ In other words, a set of dice is nontransitive if the binary relation – rolls a higher number than more than half the time – on its elements is not transitive.", "Nontransitive dice __knowledge__ It is possible to find sets of dice with the even stronger property that, for each die in the set, there is another die that rolls a higher number than it more than half the time.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Yahtzee __knowledge__ Yahtzee is a dice game made by Milton Bradley (now owned by Hasbro), which was first marketed as \"Yatzie\" by the National Association Service of Toledo, Ohio, in the early 1940s.", "Yahtzee __knowledge__ Yatzie was included in a game set called \"LUCK - 15 Grand Dice Games\".", "Yahtzee __knowledge__ It was marketed under the name of Yahtzee by game entrepreneur Edwin S. Lowe in 1956.", "Yahtzee __knowledge__ Lowe is also responsible for introducing Bingo to the U.S. market.", "Yahtzee __knowledge__ The game is a development of earlier dice games such as Poker Dice, Yacht and Generala.", "Yahtzee __knowledge__ It is also similar to Yatzy, which is popular in Scandinavia.", "Yahtzee __knowledge__ The objective of the game is to score points by rolling five dice to make certain combinations.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Dragon Ball Z Collectible Card Game __knowledge__ Dragon Ball Z Trading Card Game (originally the Dragon Ball Z Collectible Card Game and the Dragon Ball GT Trading Card Game) is an out-of-print trading card game based on the Dragon Ball series created by Akira Toriyama.", "Dragon Ball Z Collectible Card Game __knowledge__ The game was produced by Score Entertainment and uses screen captures of the anime to attempt to recreate the famous events and battles seen in the anime.", "Dragon Ball Z Collectible Card Game __knowledge__ Score then sold the rights to Panini which eventually ceased publishing.", "Dragon Ball Z Collectible Card Game __knowledge__ The game first saw release in 2000, with the \"Saiyan Saga\" starter decks and booster packs.", "Dragon Ball Z Collectible Card Game __knowledge__ As of 2006, the game has had eighteen expansions, one \"virtual\" set, several \"Subsets\", and many promotional cards, or \"Promos\".", "List of Pokémon Trading Card Game sets __knowledge__ This is a list of Pokémon Trading Card Game sets which is a collectible card game first released in Japan in 1996.", "List of Pokémon Trading Card Game sets __knowledge__ As of September 2017, there are 74 card sets released in America and 68 in Japan.", "List of Pokémon Trading Card Game sets __knowledge__ The sets are generally broken into two lists; One for the first line of Wizards of the Coast cards, and the second after Nintendo's acquisition of the card game after Wizards.", "List of Pokémon Trading Card Game sets __knowledge__ When the series first launched in English in late 1998, Wizards of the Coast handled publishing.", "List of Pokémon Trading Card Game sets __knowledge__ The 1998 Pokémon Demo Game Pack was the earliest Pokémon card pack to be produced and released in the English Pokémon TCG and served as the first introduction to Pokemon cards in the United States.", "Collectible card game __knowledge__ A collectible card game (CCG), also called a trading card game (TCG) or customizable card game, is a kind of card game that first emerged in 1993 and consists of specially designed sets of playing cards.", "Collectible card game __knowledge__ Successful CCGs typically have upwards of thousands of unique cards, with the first developed, and most successful one, \"\", now having over 17,000.", "Collectible card game __knowledge__ Generally, a CCG is initially played using a starter deck or intro deck, which has a basic complement of cards that can be used to play the game.", "Collectible card game __knowledge__ This deck may be expanded or modified with cards from booster packs, which contain a random selection of cards of varying rarities, usually between 8 and 15 cards.", "Upper Deck Company __knowledge__ The Upper Deck Company, LLC (colloquially as Upper Deck and Upper Deck Authenticated, Ltd. in the UK), founded in 1988, is a private company primarily known for producing trading cards.", "Upper Deck Company __knowledge__ Its headquarters are in Carlsbad, California, United States.", "Upper Deck Company __knowledge__ The company also produces sports related items such as figurines and die-cast toys on top of having exclusive agreements to produce memorabilia (under the brand name Upper Deck Authenticated) with such sports superstars as Michael Jordan, Derek Jeter, Tiger Woods, LeBron James, Kevin Garnett, Andrew Bynum, Ernie Els, Albert Pujols, Grady Sizemore, Matt Kemp, James Loney, Sandy Koufax and Ken Griffey Jr.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Two anime adaptations were produced; one by Toei Animation, which aired from April 4, 1998 to October 10, 1998, and another produced by NAS and animated by Studio Gallop titled \"Yu-Gi-Oh!", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Duel Monsters\", which aired between April 2000 and September 2004.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ The manga series has spawned a franchise that includes multiple spin-off manga and anime series, a trading card game, and numerous video games.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Most of the incarnations of the franchise involve the fictional trading card game known as \"Duel Monsters\", where each player uses cards to \"duel\" each other in a mock battle of fantasy \"monsters\".", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ This forms the basis for the real life \"Yu-Gi-Oh!", "Marvel Trading Card Game __knowledge__ Marvel Trading Card Game is a video game for the Nintendo DS, PC, and PlayStation Portable.", "Marvel Trading Card Game __knowledge__ It was developed by Vicious Cycle Software and 1st Playable Productions and published by Konami.", "Marvel Trading Card Game __knowledge__ The game is based on Upper Deck Entertainment's Marvel Comics-based collectible card game, and was released across all three platforms in several regions in 2007.", "Marvel Trading Card Game __knowledge__ \"Marvel Trading Card Game\" is a virtual card game in which the player chooses to be either a superhero or supervillain in single-player mode.", "Marvel Trading Card Game __knowledge__ Multiplayer modes are also available.", "Marvel Trading Card Game __knowledge__ The game follows the rules laid out in Upper Deck's VS System, used in card games across several franchises including Marvel, DC Comics, and Hellboy." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Magic: The Gathering __knowledge__ Magic: The Gathering is a trading card game and a digital collectible card game.", "Magic: The Gathering __knowledge__ It was created by Richard Garfield.", "Magic: The Gathering __knowledge__ First published in 1993 by Wizards of the Coast, \"Magic\" was the first trading card game created and it continues to thrive, with approximately twenty million players .", "Magic: The Gathering __knowledge__ \"Magic\" can be played by two or more players in various formats, which fall into two categories: constructed and limited.", "Magic: The Gathering __knowledge__ Limited formats involve players building a deck spontaneously out of a pool of random cards with a minimum deck size of 40 cards.", "Magic: The Gathering __knowledge__ The other major category of formats is constructed.", "Magic: The Gathering __knowledge__ In constructed, players created decks from cards they own, usually 60 cards with no more than 4 of any given card.", "Magic: The Gathering __knowledge__ \"Magic\" is played in person with printed cards, or using a deck of virtual cards through the Internet-based \"\", or on a smartphone or tablet, or through .", "Magic: The Gathering __knowledge__ Each game represents a battle between wizards known as \"planeswalkers\", who employ spells, artifacts, and creatures depicted on individual \"Magic\" cards to defeat their opponents.", "Magic: The Gathering __knowledge__ Although the original concept of the game drew heavily from the motifs of traditional fantasy role-playing games such as \"Dungeons & Dragons\", the gameplay of \"Magic\" bears little similarity to pencil-and-paper adventure games, while having substantially more cards and more complex rules than many other card games.", "List of Pokémon Trading Card Game sets __knowledge__ This is a list of Pokémon Trading Card Game sets which is a collectible card game first released in Japan in 1996.", "List of Pokémon Trading Card Game sets __knowledge__ As of September 2017, there are 74 card sets released in America and 68 in Japan.", "List of Pokémon Trading Card Game sets __knowledge__ The sets are generally broken into two lists; One for the first line of Wizards of the Coast cards, and the second after Nintendo's acquisition of the card game after Wizards.", "List of Pokémon Trading Card Game sets __knowledge__ When the series first launched in English in late 1998, Wizards of the Coast handled publishing.", "List of Pokémon Trading Card Game sets __knowledge__ The 1998 Pokémon Demo Game Pack was the earliest Pokémon card pack to be produced and released in the English Pokémon TCG and served as the first introduction to Pokemon cards in the United States.", "The Bitter Suite __knowledge__ “The Bitter Suite” is the twelfth episode of the third season of the American-New Zealand fantasy adventure series \",\" which premiered on February 2, 1998.", "The Bitter Suite __knowledge__ The episode, a musical, was written by Chris Manheim and Steven L. Sears and directed by Oley Sassone.", "The Bitter Suite __knowledge__ The series focuses on Xena (Lucy Lawless), a warrior in a quest to seek redemption for her past sins as a ruthless warlord by using her fighting skills to help people.", "The Bitter Suite __knowledge__ Her best friend and traveling companion is Gabrielle (Renee O'Connor).", "The Bitter Suite __knowledge__ In the episode, Xena and Gabrielle are brought to the \"Land of Illusia,\" where they have to work together again, letting their past mutual grievances go, in order to escape alive.", "Upper Deck Company __knowledge__ The Upper Deck Company, LLC (colloquially as Upper Deck and Upper Deck Authenticated, Ltd. in the UK), founded in 1988, is a private company primarily known for producing trading cards.", "Upper Deck Company __knowledge__ Its headquarters are in Carlsbad, California, United States.", "Upper Deck Company __knowledge__ The company also produces sports related items such as figurines and die-cast toys on top of having exclusive agreements to produce memorabilia (under the brand name Upper Deck Authenticated) with such sports superstars as Michael Jordan, Derek Jeter, Tiger Woods, LeBron James, Kevin Garnett, Andrew Bynum, Ernie Els, Albert Pujols, Grady Sizemore, Matt Kemp, James Loney, Sandy Koufax and Ken Griffey Jr.", "Trading card __knowledge__ A trading card (or collectible card) is a small card, usually made out of paperboard or thick paper, which usually contains an image of a certain person, place or thing (fictional or real) and a short description of the picture, along with other text (attacks, statistics, or trivia).", "Trading card __knowledge__ There is a wide variation of different types of cards.", "Trading card __knowledge__ Modern cards even go as far as to include swatches of game worn memorabilia, autographs, and even DNA hair samples of their subjects.", "Trading card __knowledge__ Trading cards are traditionally associated with sports; baseball cards are especially well-known.", "Trading card __knowledge__ Cards dealing with other subjects like \"Pokémon\" are often considered a separate category from sports cards, known as non-sports trading cards.", "Dragon Ball Z Collectible Card Game __knowledge__ Dragon Ball Z Trading Card Game (originally the Dragon Ball Z Collectible Card Game and the Dragon Ball GT Trading Card Game) is an out-of-print trading card game based on the Dragon Ball series created by Akira Toriyama.", "Dragon Ball Z Collectible Card Game __knowledge__ The game was produced by Score Entertainment and uses screen captures of the anime to attempt to recreate the famous events and battles seen in the anime.", "Dragon Ball Z Collectible Card Game __knowledge__ Score then sold the rights to Panini which eventually ceased publishing.", "Dragon Ball Z Collectible Card Game __knowledge__ The game first saw release in 2000, with the \"Saiyan Saga\" starter decks and booster packs.", "Dragon Ball Z Collectible Card Game __knowledge__ As of 2006, the game has had eighteen expansions, one \"virtual\" set, several \"Subsets\", and many promotional cards, or \"Promos\".", "Craps __knowledge__ Craps is a dice game in which the players make wagers on the outcome of the roll, or a series of rolls, of a pair of dice.", "Craps __knowledge__ Players may wager money against each other (playing \"street craps\", also known as \"shooting dice,\" \"rolling bones,\" or any combination thereof) or a bank (playing \"casino craps\", also known as \"table craps\", or often just \"craps\").", "Craps __knowledge__ Because it requires little equipment, \"street craps\" can be played in informal settings.", "Craps __knowledge__ Craps developed from a simplification of the early English game of \"hazard\".", "Craps __knowledge__ Its origins are complex and may date to the Crusades, later being influenced by French gamblers.", "Cardfight!! Vanguard __knowledge__ The series continued for three additional seasons: \"Cardfight!!", "Cardfight!! Vanguard __knowledge__ Vanguard: Asia Circuit\", which began airing on April 8, 2012; \"Cardfight!!", "Cardfight!! Vanguard __knowledge__ Vanguard: Link Joker\" on January 13, 2013; and \"Cardfight!!", "Cardfight!! Vanguard __knowledge__ Vanguard: Legion Mate\" on March 9, 2014. An anime/live action film was released on September 13, 2014 in Japan.", "Cardfight!! Vanguard __knowledge__ \"Cardfight!!", "Cardfight!! Vanguard __knowledge__ Vanguard G\" ran from October 26, 2014 to October 5, 2015.", "Cardfight!! Vanguard __knowledge__ It was followed by \"\" on October 11, 2015. \"\"", "Cardfight!! Vanguard __knowledge__ aired from April 17, 2016 to September 25, 2016.", "Cardfight!! Vanguard __knowledge__ It was followed by \"\" from October 2, 2016 to October 1, 2017, which OLM, Inc. started producing the series.", "Collectible card game __knowledge__ A collectible card game (CCG), also called a trading card game (TCG) or customizable card game, is a kind of card game that first emerged in 1993 and consists of specially designed sets of playing cards.", "Collectible card game __knowledge__ Successful CCGs typically have upwards of thousands of unique cards, with the first developed, and most successful one, \"\", now having over 17,000.", "Collectible card game __knowledge__ Generally, a CCG is initially played using a starter deck or intro deck, which has a basic complement of cards that can be used to play the game.", "Collectible card game __knowledge__ This deck may be expanded or modified with cards from booster packs, which contain a random selection of cards of varying rarities, usually between 8 and 15 cards.", "Hearthstone (video game) __knowledge__ Hearthstone, originally known as Hearthstone: Heroes of Warcraft, is a free-to-play online collectible card video game developed and published by Blizzard Entertainment.", "Hearthstone (video game) __knowledge__ Having been released worldwide on March 11, 2014, \"Hearthstone\" builds upon the already existing lore of the \"Warcraft\" series by using the same elements, characters, and relics.", "Hearthstone (video game) __knowledge__ It was first released for Microsoft Windows and macOS, with support for iOS and Android devices being added later.", "Hearthstone (video game) __knowledge__ The game features cross-platform play, allowing players on any device to compete with each other, restricted only by geographical region account limits.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Two anime adaptations were produced; one by Toei Animation, which aired from April 4, 1998 to October 10, 1998, and another produced by NAS and animated by Studio Gallop titled \"Yu-Gi-Oh!", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Duel Monsters\", which aired between April 2000 and September 2004.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ The manga series has spawned a franchise that includes multiple spin-off manga and anime series, a trading card game, and numerous video games.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Most of the incarnations of the franchise involve the fictional trading card game known as \"Duel Monsters\", where each player uses cards to \"duel\" each other in a mock battle of fantasy \"monsters\".", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ This forms the basis for the real life \"Yu-Gi-Oh!", "Pokémon __knowledge__ The franchise began as a pair of video games for the original Game Boy that were developed by Game Freak and published by Nintendo.", "Pokémon __knowledge__ It now spans video games, trading card games, animated television shows and movies, comic books, and toys.", "Pokémon __knowledge__ Pokémon is the second best-selling video game franchise, behind only Nintendo's \"Mario\" franchise, and the highest-grossing media franchise of all time.", "Pokémon __knowledge__ The franchise is also represented in other Nintendo media, such as the \"Super Smash Bros.\" series.", "Pokémon __knowledge__ Cumulative sales of the video games (including home console games, such as \"Hey You, Pikachu!\"", "Pokémon __knowledge__ for the Nintendo 64) have reached more than 300 million copies." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 9 ]

[ "Have you ever played magic the gathering? It is a trading card game and a digital collectable card game.", "Well a little history first it was published in 1993 by Wizards of the Coast. \"Magic\" was the first trading card game created and it has continued to be popular with roughly 20 MILLION players!", "I bet so too! Each game represents a battle between wizards (planeswalkers) who employ spells artifacts, and creatures to defeat their opponents. That is a big gist of the game." ]

[ "Magic: The Gathering", "Magic: The Gathering", "Magic: The Gathering" ]

[ "Hiking\nI have recently been interested in hiking. Do you have any experience hiking?", "Do I need to get special shoes?", "Thats a good point. I don't want to hurt myself!", "Should I bring lots of water?", "I think I will plan on a half day hike!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hiking __knowledge__ Hiking is the preferred term, in Canada and the United States, for a long, vigorous walk, usually on trails (footpaths), in the countryside, while the word walking is used for shorter, particularly urban walks.", "Hiking __knowledge__ On the other hand, in the United Kingdom, and the Republic of Ireland, the word \"walking\" is acceptable to describe \"all forms\" of walking, whether it is a walk in the park or backpacking in the Alps.", "Hiking __knowledge__ The word hiking is also often used in the UK, along with rambling (a slightly old-fashioned term), hillwalking, and fell walking (a term mostly used for hillwalking in northern England).", "Hiking __knowledge__ The term bushwalking is endemic to Australia, having been adopted by the Sydney Bush Walkers club in 1927.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In New Zealand a long, vigorous walk or hike is called tramping.", "Hiking __knowledge__ It is a popular activity with numerous worldwide, and studies suggest that all forms of walking have health benefits.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In the United States, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, and United Kingdom, hiking means walking outdoors on a trail, or off trail, for recreational purposes.", "Hiking __knowledge__ A day hike refers to a hike that can be completed in a single day.", "Hiking __knowledge__ However, in the United Kingdom, the word walking is also used, as well as rambling, while walking in mountainous areas is called hillwalking.", "Long Path __knowledge__ The Long Path is a long-distance hiking trail beginning at the George Washington Bridge in Fort Lee, New Jersey and ending at Altamont, New York, in the Albany area.", "Long Path __knowledge__ While not yet a continuous trail, relying on road walks in some areas, it nevertheless takes in many of the popular hiking attractions west of the Hudson River, such as the New Jersey Palisades, Harriman State Park, the Shawangunk Ridge and the Catskill Mountains.", "Long Path __knowledge__ It offers hikers a diversity of environments to pass through, from suburbia and sea-level salt marshes along the Hudson to wilderness and boreal forest on Catskill summits in elevation.", "Hiking in Kosovo __knowledge__ Hiking in Kosovo started with establishment of the first hiking association in 1928, and it continued with creation of different association all around the territory which was then part of Yugoslavia.", "Hiking in Kosovo __knowledge__ After the Kosovo War a lot was done also by the support of the societies such as: HikingNjeri which have worked hard to not only organize activities, but also to expose hiking to the general public via social media.", "Hiking in Kosovo __knowledge__ Hiking as an activity started in its true sense circa 1930, the year in which a group of friends climbed the Gjeravica mountain in Peć.", "Hiking in Kosovo __knowledge__ This was the first time that a peak in Kosovo was climbed (there is no evidence of that).", "Summit Metro Parks __knowledge__ Summit Metro Parks is a Metroparks system serving the citizens of Summit County, Ohio by managing in 16 developed parks, six conservation areas and more than of trails, with of the Ohio & Erie Canal Towpath Trail.", "Summit Metro Parks __knowledge__ The park district is fully supported by a levy, which voters are periodically asked to approve.", "Summit Metro Parks __knowledge__ Rangers are commissioned peace officers who provide safety and security by enforcing the park district’s rules, regulations, state, and local laws.", "Summit Metro Parks __knowledge__ In times of war, people often look for ways to escape the news and demands of the era.", "Summit Metro Parks __knowledge__ During World War I, Americans increasingly looked to parks and natural areas for temporary diversions.", "Superior Hiking Trail __knowledge__ The Superior Hiking Trail, also known as the SHT, is a 310-mile (499 km) long footpath in northeastern Minnesota that follows the ridgeline overlooking Lake Superior for most of its length.", "Superior Hiking Trail __knowledge__ The path is 18 inches (46 cm) wide and is set in the middle of a 4-foot (1.2 m) clearing.", "Superior Hiking Trail __knowledge__ The footpath travels through forests of birch, aspen, pine, fir, and cedar.", "Superior Hiking Trail __knowledge__ Hikers enjoy views of boreal forests, the Sawtooth Mountains, babbling brooks, rushing waterfalls, and abundant wildlife.", "Superior Hiking Trail __knowledge__ The lowest point in the path is 602 feet (183 m) above sea level and the highest point is 1,829 feet (558 m) above sea level.", "Blue-Blazed Trails __knowledge__ The Blue-Blazed Hiking Trail system, managed by the Connecticut Forest & Park Association (CFPA), and the related trail systems documented in the two volume (\"East\" and \"West\") 19th Edition of the \"Connecticut Walk Book\" comprise over 800 miles of hiking trails in Connecticut.", "Blue-Blazed Trails __knowledge__ There are now over 825 miles of CFPA Blue-Blazed Hiking Trails that pass through 96 towns traversing both public and private lands.", "Blue-Blazed Trails __knowledge__ This includes all official main and side trails.", "Blue-Blazed Trails __knowledge__ The main line trails are marked using the solid light blue rectangular vertical paint blaze.", "Blue-Blazed Trails __knowledge__ A recent change in blaze design to official CFPA connector, side and alternate trails is now in use.", "Sam Houston National Forest __knowledge__ The Sam Houston National Forest, one of four National Forests in Texas, is located 50 miles north of Houston.", "Sam Houston National Forest __knowledge__ The forest is administered together with the other three United States National Forests and two National Grasslands located entirely in Texas, from common offices in Lufkin, Texas.", "Sam Houston National Forest __knowledge__ The units include Angelina, Davy Crockett, Sabine, and Sam Houston National Forests, plus Caddo National Grassland and Lyndon B. Johnson National Grassland.", "Sam Houston National Forest __knowledge__ There are local ranger district offices located in New Waverly.", "Sam Houston National Forest __knowledge__ Summers in the Sam Houston National Forest are hot and humid and winters generally are short and mild." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hiking __knowledge__ Hiking is the preferred term, in Canada and the United States, for a long, vigorous walk, usually on trails (footpaths), in the countryside, while the word walking is used for shorter, particularly urban walks.", "Hiking __knowledge__ On the other hand, in the United Kingdom, and the Republic of Ireland, the word \"walking\" is acceptable to describe \"all forms\" of walking, whether it is a walk in the park or backpacking in the Alps.", "Hiking __knowledge__ The word hiking is also often used in the UK, along with rambling (a slightly old-fashioned term), hillwalking, and fell walking (a term mostly used for hillwalking in northern England).", "Hiking __knowledge__ The term bushwalking is endemic to Australia, having been adopted by the Sydney Bush Walkers club in 1927.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In New Zealand a long, vigorous walk or hike is called tramping.", "Hiking __knowledge__ It is a popular activity with numerous worldwide, and studies suggest that all forms of walking have health benefits.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In the United States, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, and United Kingdom, hiking means walking outdoors on a trail, or off trail, for recreational purposes.", "Hiking __knowledge__ A day hike refers to a hike that can be completed in a single day.", "Hiking __knowledge__ However, in the United Kingdom, the word walking is also used, as well as rambling, while walking in mountainous areas is called hillwalking.", "Shoe __knowledge__ A shoe is an item of footwear intended to protect and comfort the human foot while the wearer is doing various activities.", "Shoe __knowledge__ Shoes are also used as an item of decoration and fashion.", "Shoe __knowledge__ The design of shoes has varied enormously through time and from culture to culture, with appearance originally being tied to function.", "Shoe __knowledge__ Additionally, fashion has often dictated many design elements, such as whether shoes have very high heels or flat ones.", "Shoe __knowledge__ Contemporary footwear in the 2010s varies widely in style, complexity and cost.", "Shoe __knowledge__ Basic sandals may consist of only a thin sole and simple strap and be sold for a low cost.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the DreamWorks animated film media franchise \"Kung Fu Panda\", with their shorts and specials \"Secrets of the Furious Five\", \"Kung Fu Panda Holiday\", \"\", and \"\", as well as the video games and TV show \"\".", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The world of \"Kung Fu Panda\" is a fantasized version of ancient China as typically depicted in the wuxia film genre populated by anthropomorphized Asian animals where the martial arts can have magical qualities on top of extraordinary physical prowess for those sufficiently skilled.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ Master Po Ping (Chinese for \"Precious Peace\"), born Lotus Shan, is the titular protagonist of the \"Kung Fu Panda\" franchise.", "Farrier __knowledge__ A farrier is a specialist in equine hoof care, including the trimming and balancing of horses' hooves and the placing of shoes on their hooves, if necessary.", "Farrier __knowledge__ A farrier combines some blacksmith's skills (fabricating, adapting, and adjusting metal shoes) with some veterinarian's skills (knowledge of the anatomy and physiology of the lower limb) to care for horses' feet.", "Farrier __knowledge__ Historically, the jobs of farrier and blacksmith were practically synonymous, shown by the etymology of the word: farrier comes from Middle French: \"ferrier\" (blacksmith), from the Latin word \"ferrum\" (iron).", "Farrier __knowledge__ A farrier's work in colonial America or pre-Industrial Revolution Europe would have included shoeing horses, as well as the fabrication and repair of tools, the forging of architectural pieces, and so on.", "Cycling __knowledge__ Cycling, also called bicycling or biking, is the use of bicycles for transport, recreation, exercise or sport.", "Cycling __knowledge__ People engaged in cycling are referred to as \"cyclists\", \"bikers\", or less commonly, as \"bicyclists\".", "Cycling __knowledge__ Apart from two-wheeled bicycles, \"cycling\" also includes the riding of unicycles, tricycles, quadracycles, recumbent and similar human-powered vehicles (HPVs).", "Cycling __knowledge__ Bicycles were introduced in the 19th century and now number approximately one billion worldwide.", "Cycling __knowledge__ They are the principal means of transportation in many parts of the world.", "Cycling __knowledge__ Cycling is widely regarded as a very effective and efficient mode of transportation optimal for short to moderate distances.", "Apoorva Sagodharargal (1989 film) __knowledge__ Apoorva Sagodharargal () is a 1989 Indian Tamil-language comedy-drama film directed by Singeetam Srinivasa Rao.", "Apoorva Sagodharargal (1989 film) __knowledge__ The film stars Kamal Haasan in three roles, as a mechanic, a circus clown who is a dwarf and a police officer, along with Gouthami and Rupini playing lead roles with Srividya, Manorama, Nagesh, Jaishankar, Nassar and Delhi Ganesh playing supporting roles.", "Apoorva Sagodharargal (1989 film) __knowledge__ The music for the film was composed by Ilaiyaraaja with lyrics written by Vaali.", "Apoorva Sagodharargal (1989 film) __knowledge__ The film was produced by Kamal Haasan and his brother Chandra Haasan under the production company Raajkamal Films International.", "Apoorva Sagodharargal (1989 film) __knowledge__ Some part of the movie is based on 1928 Hollywood movie Charlie Chaplin's \"The Circus\".", "The Jimmy __knowledge__ \"The Jimmy\" is the 105th episode of the NBC sitcom \"Seinfeld\".", "The Jimmy __knowledge__ This was the 18th episode for the sixth season.", "The Jimmy __knowledge__ It originally aired on March 16, 1995.", "The Jimmy __knowledge__ Jerry, George and Kramer finish playing a game of basketball with Jimmy (Anthony Starke), a man who always refers to himself in the third person.", "The Jimmy __knowledge__ This character was inspired by Seinfeld's wife's college friend whom she met at the University of Vermont.", "The Jimmy __knowledge__ Jimmy is wearing special training shoes which supposedly improve vertical leap, and George wants a pair so they can be matching twins.", "The Jimmy __knowledge__ George says he shouldn't have exercised because, even though he took a shower, \"it wouldn't take\"—he's a \"human heat pump\" and will be sweating later at an important meeting which ruins his career.", "Tap dance __knowledge__ Tap dance is a form of dance characterized by using the sounds of tap shoes striking the floor as a form of percussion.", "Tap dance __knowledge__ Two major variations on tap dance exist: rhythm (jazz) tap and Broadway tap.", "Tap dance __knowledge__ Broadway tap focuses on dance; it is widely performed in musical theater.", "Tap dance __knowledge__ Rhythm tap focuses on musicality, and practitioners consider themselves to be a part of the jazz tradition.", "Tap dance __knowledge__ The sound is made by shoes that have a metal \"tap\" on the heel and toe.", "Tap dance __knowledge__ There are different brands of shoes which sometimes differ in the way they sound.", "Tap dance __knowledge__ \"Soft-shoe\" is a rhythm form of tap dancing that does not require special shoes, and though rhythm is generated by tapping of the feet, it also uses sliding of the feet (even sometimes using scattered sand on the stage to enhance the sound of sliding feet) more often than modern rhythm tap.", "Long Path __knowledge__ The Long Path is a long-distance hiking trail beginning at the George Washington Bridge in Fort Lee, New Jersey and ending at Altamont, New York, in the Albany area.", "Long Path __knowledge__ While not yet a continuous trail, relying on road walks in some areas, it nevertheless takes in many of the popular hiking attractions west of the Hudson River, such as the New Jersey Palisades, Harriman State Park, the Shawangunk Ridge and the Catskill Mountains.", "Long Path __knowledge__ It offers hikers a diversity of environments to pass through, from suburbia and sea-level salt marshes along the Hudson to wilderness and boreal forest on Catskill summits in elevation.", "Blue-Blazed Trails __knowledge__ The Blue-Blazed Hiking Trail system, managed by the Connecticut Forest & Park Association (CFPA), and the related trail systems documented in the two volume (\"East\" and \"West\") 19th Edition of the \"Connecticut Walk Book\" comprise over 800 miles of hiking trails in Connecticut.", "Blue-Blazed Trails __knowledge__ There are now over 825 miles of CFPA Blue-Blazed Hiking Trails that pass through 96 towns traversing both public and private lands.", "Blue-Blazed Trails __knowledge__ This includes all official main and side trails.", "Blue-Blazed Trails __knowledge__ The main line trails are marked using the solid light blue rectangular vertical paint blaze.", "Blue-Blazed Trails __knowledge__ A recent change in blaze design to official CFPA connector, side and alternate trails is now in use.", "Walking __knowledge__ Walking (also known as ambulation) is one of the main gaits of locomotion among legged animals.", "Walking __knowledge__ Walking is typically slower than running and other gaits.", "Walking __knowledge__ Walking is defined by an 'inverted pendulum' gait in which the body vaults over the stiff limb or limbs with each step.", "Walking __knowledge__ This applies regardless of the number of limbs—even arthropods, with six, eight or more limbs, walk.", "Walking __knowledge__ The word \"walk\" is descended from the Old English \"wealcan\" \"to roll\".", "Walking __knowledge__ In humans and other bipeds, walking is generally distinguished from running in that only one foot at a time leaves contact with the ground and there is a period of double-support.", "Toro Negro State Forest __knowledge__ Toro Negro State Forest (Spanish: \"Bosque Estatal de Toro Negro\") is one of the 21 forests that make up the public forests system in Puerto Rico.", "Toro Negro State Forest __knowledge__ It is also Puerto Rico's highest cloud forest.", "Toro Negro State Forest __knowledge__ It is located in the Cordillera Central region of the island and covers , of mountains.", "Toro Negro State Forest __knowledge__ Toro Negro's mountains have heights reaching up to and include Cerro de Punta, Cerro Jayuya and Cerro Rosa, the three highest peaks in the island.", "Toro Negro State Forest __knowledge__ Nested among these mountains is Lake Guineo, the island's highest lake.", "Toro Negro State Forest __knowledge__ The forest has of trails, an observation tower, two natural swimming pools (Spanish:\"\"charcos\"\"), camping and picnic areas, nine rivers, and numerous creeks and waterfalls.", "Hiking in Kosovo __knowledge__ Hiking in Kosovo started with establishment of the first hiking association in 1928, and it continued with creation of different association all around the territory which was then part of Yugoslavia.", "Hiking in Kosovo __knowledge__ After the Kosovo War a lot was done also by the support of the societies such as: HikingNjeri which have worked hard to not only organize activities, but also to expose hiking to the general public via social media.", "Hiking in Kosovo __knowledge__ Hiking as an activity started in its true sense circa 1930, the year in which a group of friends climbed the Gjeravica mountain in Peć.", "Hiking in Kosovo __knowledge__ This was the first time that a peak in Kosovo was climbed (there is no evidence of that).", "Peabody Institute __knowledge__ The Peabody Institute of The Johns Hopkins University (JHU) is a conservatory and university-preparatory school in the Mount Vernon-Belvedere neighborhood of northern Baltimore, Maryland, United States, facing the landmark Washington Monument circle at the southeast corner of North Charles and East Monument Streets (also known as intersection of Mount Vernon Place and Washington Place).", "Peabody Institute __knowledge__ The Peabody Institute was founded in 1857 and opened in 1866 by famous merchant/ financier and philanthropist George Peabody, (1795–1869), and is the oldest conservatory in the United States.", "Peabody Institute __knowledge__ Its association in recent decades begun in 1977 with JHU allows students to do research across disciplines." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hiking __knowledge__ Hiking is the preferred term, in Canada and the United States, for a long, vigorous walk, usually on trails (footpaths), in the countryside, while the word walking is used for shorter, particularly urban walks.", "Hiking __knowledge__ On the other hand, in the United Kingdom, and the Republic of Ireland, the word \"walking\" is acceptable to describe \"all forms\" of walking, whether it is a walk in the park or backpacking in the Alps.", "Hiking __knowledge__ The word hiking is also often used in the UK, along with rambling (a slightly old-fashioned term), hillwalking, and fell walking (a term mostly used for hillwalking in northern England).", "Hiking __knowledge__ The term bushwalking is endemic to Australia, having been adopted by the Sydney Bush Walkers club in 1927.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In New Zealand a long, vigorous walk or hike is called tramping.", "Hiking __knowledge__ It is a popular activity with numerous worldwide, and studies suggest that all forms of walking have health benefits.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In the United States, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, and United Kingdom, hiking means walking outdoors on a trail, or off trail, for recreational purposes.", "Hiking __knowledge__ A day hike refers to a hike that can be completed in a single day.", "Hiking __knowledge__ However, in the United Kingdom, the word walking is also used, as well as rambling, while walking in mountainous areas is called hillwalking.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha Lee is a fictional character in the BBC soap opera \"Doctors\", played by Laura Rollins.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha was introduced as a Practice Nurse at The Mill by Peter Eryl Lloyd.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ She made her first appearance on Tuesday 30 September 2014.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Since her arrival in the show Ayesha has faced storylines including an on off relationship with Sid Vere, having a troubled relationship with Tyler Green, dealing with her mother Bren's alcohol and later drug addiction, being attacked by Ike and supporting Valerie Pittman through her Cancer scare.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha first arrives at \"The Mill\" as a replacement for Mandy Marquez, she is almost immediately attracted to new doctor Sid Vere.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ During the 2012–13 season, Sheffield Wednesday Football Club competed in the 2012–13 Football League Championship, the FA Cup and the League Cup.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ Sheffield Wednesday have stayed in the Football League Championship after recently being promoted from the Football League One the previous year.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ They were managed by Dave Jones, while the club's chairman was Milan Mandaric.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ Their league season kicked off on 18 August 2012, while the League Cup began a week earlier as they entered at Round 1 of the competition.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ In the FA Cup, The Owls began in January as they entered at Round 3.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ Pre-season for Sheffield Wednesday is due to kick-off at the beginning of July 2012.", "The Runners __knowledge__ The Runners are an American electronic and hip hop production duo from Orlando, Florida, consisting of Andrew \"Dru Brett\" Harr and Jermaine \"Mayne Zayne\" Jackson.", "The Runners __knowledge__ They came together to form the team in 2000, but they have known each other since they were in kindergarten.", "The Runners __knowledge__ They both have been influenced their entire lives by producers Timbaland and The Neptunes.", "The Runners __knowledge__ Their trademark is an exhale sound effect ringing \"Ahhh\" at the beginning of their songs.", "The Runners __knowledge__ They are best known for producing the hit singles \"Go Hard\" and \"Hustlin'\", by rappers DJ Khaled and Rick Ross respectively.", "The Runners __knowledge__ They have produced songs for artists like Keyshia Cole Kevin Cossom Ace Hood, Chris Brown, Fat Joe, Juelz Santana, Nelly, Trip Lee, Jim Jones, Lil Wayne, Justin Bieber, Fabolous and Usher.", "2007 Oakland Raiders season __knowledge__ The 2007 Oakland Raiders season was the team's forty-eight season overall.", "2007 Oakland Raiders season __knowledge__ The team finished the season with a 4–12 record.", "2007 Oakland Raiders season __knowledge__ It began with the team's fourth head coach in six seasons.", "2007 Oakland Raiders season __knowledge__ By virtue of the team's 2–14 finish in 2006 (the worst in the NFL for that year), they acquired the first overall pick in the 2007 NFL Draft.", "2007 Oakland Raiders season __knowledge__ With that first pick, the Raiders selected LSU quarterback JaMarcus Russell, who went on to be one of the greatest busts in NFL history.", "2007 Oakland Raiders season __knowledge__ As in 2005 and 2006, the Raiders faced both participants from the previous season's Super Bowl.", "2007 Oakland Raiders season __knowledge__ In 2007, they had home games scheduled against the Chicago Bears and Indianapolis Colts from Super Bowl XLI.", "Shaq–Kobe feud __knowledge__ The \"Shaq–Kobe feud\" (or \"Kobe–Shaq feud\") was the conflict between National Basketball Association (NBA) players Shaquille O'Neal and Kobe Bryant, who played together on the Los Angeles Lakers team from 1996 to 2004.", "Shaq–Kobe feud __knowledge__ The two were able to win three consecutive NBA Championships (2000, 2001, 2002) and make an NBA Finals appearance in 2004.", "Shaq–Kobe feud __knowledge__ O'Neal was the NBA Finals MVP in each of their victories.", "Shaq–Kobe feud __knowledge__ Personal differences and arguments over their respective roles on the Lakers were followed by a trade that sent O'Neal to the Miami Heat while Bryant was re-signed as a free agent by the Lakers.", "Shaq–Kobe feud __knowledge__ Lakers head coach Phil Jackson would later write a book entitled \"\", reflecting on the troubles Bryant and O'Neal had during their last season together.", "Pat Butcher __knowledge__ Patricia Louise \"Pat\" Evans (also credited with the names Wicks and Butcher), also occasionally referred to in the British media as Fat Pat, is a fictional character from the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\".", "Pat Butcher __knowledge__ She was played by Pam St. Clement from 12 June 1986, just over a year after the show first aired, until her departure on 1 January 2012.", "Pat Butcher __knowledge__ Pat was also portrayed by Emma Cooke in a soap 'bubble' \"Pat and Mo: Ashes to Ashes\", delving into her past with sister-in-law Mo Harris (Laila Morse), which aired in 2004.", "Pat Butcher __knowledge__ The character was killed-off on 1 January 2012, shortly after being diagnosed with pancreatic cancer.", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ \"Desperate Housewives\" is an American comedy-drama series that aired on ABC (American Broadcasting Company).", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ It focuses on the residents living on the fictional Wisteria Lane as narrated by their deceased neighbor, Mary Alice Young (Brenda Strong).", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ Specifically, the series follows four protagonists and Mary Alice's friends, Susan Mayer (Teri Hatcher), Lynette Scavo (Felicity Huffman), Bree Van de Kamp (Marcia Cross), and Gabrielle Solis (Eva Longoria).", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ \"Desperate Housewives\" features an ensemble cast, which also includes the women's husbands, children, love interests, neighbors, and other acquaintances.", "Shoe __knowledge__ A shoe is an item of footwear intended to protect and comfort the human foot while the wearer is doing various activities.", "Shoe __knowledge__ Shoes are also used as an item of decoration and fashion.", "Shoe __knowledge__ The design of shoes has varied enormously through time and from culture to culture, with appearance originally being tied to function.", "Shoe __knowledge__ Additionally, fashion has often dictated many design elements, such as whether shoes have very high heels or flat ones.", "Shoe __knowledge__ Contemporary footwear in the 2010s varies widely in style, complexity and cost.", "Shoe __knowledge__ Basic sandals may consist of only a thin sole and simple strap and be sold for a low cost.", "George Jones __knowledge__ George Glenn Jones (September 12, 1931 – April 26, 2013) was an American musician, singer and songwriter.", "George Jones __knowledge__ He achieved international fame for his long list of hit records, including his best known song \"He Stopped Loving Her Today\", as well as his distinctive voice and phrasing.", "George Jones __knowledge__ For the last twenty years of his life, Jones was frequently referred to as the greatest living country singer.", "George Jones __knowledge__ Country music scholar Bill Malone writes, \"For the two or three minutes consumed by a song, Jones immerses himself so completely in its lyrics, and in the mood it conveys, that the listener can scarcely avoid becoming similarly involved.\"", "Locomotor effects of shoes __knowledge__ Locomotor effects of shoes are the way in which the physical characteristics or components of shoes influence the locomotion neuromechanics of a person.", "Locomotor effects of shoes __knowledge__ Depending on the characteristics of the shoes, the effects are various, ranging from alteration in balance and posture, muscle activity of different muscles as measured by electromyography (EMG), and the impact force.", "Locomotor effects of shoes __knowledge__ There are many different types of shoes that exist, such as running, walking, loafers, high heels, sandals, slippers, work boots, dress shoes, and many more.", "Locomotor effects of shoes __knowledge__ However, a typical shoe will be composed of an insole, midsole, outsole, and heels, if any.", "TGV world speed record __knowledge__ The TGV (\"Train à Grande Vitesse\", French for \"High-Speed Train\") holds a series of land speed records for rail vehicles achieved by SNCF, the French national railway, and its industrial partners.", "TGV world speed record __knowledge__ The high-speed trials are intended to expand the limits of high-speed rail technology, increasing speed and comfort without compromising safety.", "TGV world speed record __knowledge__ The current TGV world speed record is 574.8 km/h (357.2 mph), achieved on 3 April 2007 on the new LGV Est.", "TGV world speed record __knowledge__ The TGV 001 was an experimental gas turbine-electric locomotive-powered trainset built by Alstom to break speed records between 250–300 kilometres per hour.", "Pointe shoe __knowledge__ A pointe shoe is a type of shoe worn by ballet dancers when performing pointe work.", "Pointe shoe __knowledge__ Pointe shoes were conceived in response to the desire for dancers to appear weightless and sylph-like and have evolved to enable dancers to dance \"en pointe\" (on the tips of their toes) for extended periods of time.", "Pointe shoe __knowledge__ They are manufactured in a variety of colors, most commonly in shades of light pink.", "Pointe shoe __knowledge__ Women began to dance ballet in 1681, twenty years after King Louis XIV of France ordered the founding of the Académie Royale de Danse.", "Pointe shoe __knowledge__ At that time, the standard women's ballet shoe had heels.", "Pointe shoe __knowledge__ Mid-18th century dancer Marie Camargo of the Paris Opéra Ballet was the first to wear a non-heeled shoe, enabling her to perform leaps that would have been difficult, if not impossible, in the more conventional shoes of the age.", "Air Jordan __knowledge__ Air Jordan is a brand of basketball footwear and athletic clothing produced by Nike.", "Air Jordan __knowledge__ It was created for former professional basketball player, Michael Jordan.", "Air Jordan __knowledge__ The original Air Jordan I sneaker, were produced exclusively for Jordan in early 1984, and released to the public in late 1984.", "Air Jordan __knowledge__ The shoes were designed for Nike by Peter Moore, Tinker Hatfield, and Bruce Kilgore.", "Air Jordan __knowledge__ Since its introduction into the sports shoe market, the Air Jordans evolved from the original basketball shoes to models for different uses, including I-XXXII.", "Air Jordan __knowledge__ The Jordan brand sponsors 21 active NBA players, including Jimmy Butler, Chris Paul, Blake Griffin, Kawhi Leonard, Russell Westbrook and Carmelo Anthony.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Dennis Michael Miller (born November 3, 1953) is an American stand-up comedian, talk show host, political commentator, sports commentator, actor, and television and radio personality.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He rose as a cast member of \"Saturday Night Live\" in 1985, and subsequently hosted a string of his own talk shows on HBO, CNBC, and in syndication.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ From 2007 to 2015, Miller hosted a daily, three-hour, self-titled talk radio program, nationally syndicated by Westwood One.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He is known for his critical assessments of current events, laced with pop culture references and delivered in an idiosyncratic verbal style.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Miller is listed as 21st on Comedy Central's 100 greatest stand up comedians of all time, and was ranked as the best host of SNL's \"Weekend Update\" by Vulture.com." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hiking __knowledge__ Hiking is the preferred term, in Canada and the United States, for a long, vigorous walk, usually on trails (footpaths), in the countryside, while the word walking is used for shorter, particularly urban walks.", "Hiking __knowledge__ On the other hand, in the United Kingdom, and the Republic of Ireland, the word \"walking\" is acceptable to describe \"all forms\" of walking, whether it is a walk in the park or backpacking in the Alps.", "Hiking __knowledge__ The word hiking is also often used in the UK, along with rambling (a slightly old-fashioned term), hillwalking, and fell walking (a term mostly used for hillwalking in northern England).", "Hiking __knowledge__ The term bushwalking is endemic to Australia, having been adopted by the Sydney Bush Walkers club in 1927.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In New Zealand a long, vigorous walk or hike is called tramping.", "Hiking __knowledge__ It is a popular activity with numerous worldwide, and studies suggest that all forms of walking have health benefits.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In the United States, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, and United Kingdom, hiking means walking outdoors on a trail, or off trail, for recreational purposes.", "Hiking __knowledge__ A day hike refers to a hike that can be completed in a single day.", "Hiking __knowledge__ However, in the United Kingdom, the word walking is also used, as well as rambling, while walking in mountainous areas is called hillwalking.", "Warren Fox __knowledge__ Warren Fox is a fictional character from the British Channel 4 soap opera \"Hollyoaks\", played by Jamie Lomas.", "Warren Fox __knowledge__ The character made his first appearance on 26 June 2006.", "Warren Fox __knowledge__ The character and casting was announced on 12 May 2006.", "Warren Fox __knowledge__ Warren was introduced as an old acquaintance of Sean Kennedy (Matthew Jay Lewis).", "Warren Fox __knowledge__ Lomas chose to leave the series in 2009 and his departure coincided with the return of Clare Devine (Gemma Bissix).", "Warren Fox __knowledge__ Warren's reintroduction was announced on 17 October 2010 and he returned on 29 October 2010.", "Warren Fox __knowledge__ The character made his second departure from the series in December 2011 and was reintroduced for a second time in May 2016.", "List of EastEnders characters (2010) __knowledge__ The following are characters who first appeared, or returned, in the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\" during 2010 listed by order of first appearance.", "List of EastEnders characters (2010) __knowledge__ Executive producer Diederick Santer left \"EastEnders\" on 26 February 2010, handing over to Bryan Kirkwood, who fully took control from 1 March 2010.", "List of EastEnders characters (2010) __knowledge__ Santer introduced five new main characters in January, three from the online spin-off \"\" (Zsa Zsa Carter, Leon Small and Fatboy) as well as two members of the long-established Mitchell family, Glenda Mitchell and her son Danny.", "List of EastEnders characters (2010) __knowledge__ February saw the show's first birth of 2010, with Kamil Masood, the fourth child of the established Zainab Masood and Masood Ahmed.", "Billie Jackson __knowledge__ Billie Jackson (credited as Billy until 2004) is a fictional character from the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\", played by Devon Anderson from 1993 to 1997, and by Bluey Robinson for a brief return in 2004.", "Billie Jackson __knowledge__ The character returned in 2010, along with other members of the Jackson family.", "Billie Jackson __knowledge__ It was confirmed in November 2009 that Anderson would reprise the role, 13 years after he was last seen on the soap.", "Billie Jackson __knowledge__ He made his return on 4 February 2010.", "Billie Jackson __knowledge__ The character was killed-off in October 2010, and made his last credited appearance on 14 October.", "Billie Jackson __knowledge__ Billie is the only son of Carol and Alan Jackson and he arrives in Walford in 1993 along with his half brother Robbie and his half sisters Bianca and Sonia.", "Capital City F.C. __knowledge__ Capital City F.C.", "Capital City F.C. __knowledge__ was a Canadian soccer team based in Ottawa, Ontario, which joined the Canadian Soccer League Canadian soccer pyramid, in March 2011.", "Capital City F.C. __knowledge__ Founded by Neil Malhotra, the club pitch was Terry Fox Athletic Facility in Mooney's Bay Park.", "Capital City F.C. __knowledge__ In April 2012, the club announced it would no longer field a team in future seasons.", "Capital City F.C. __knowledge__ Head coach Shaun Anthony Harris led Capital City into 2011-12 season as head coach and technical director.", "Capital City F.C. __knowledge__ Capital City FC opened with a 2-0 loss on May 20, 2011 vs Toronto Croatia.", "Capital City F.C. __knowledge__ The team quickly rebounded with a successful road trip where they beat both Mississauga Eagles FC(1-0) and TFC Academy (2-1).", "Calvin Valentine __knowledge__ Calvin Valentine is a fictional character from the British Channel 4 soap opera, \"Hollyoaks\", played by Ricky Whittle.", "Calvin Valentine __knowledge__ He arrived in July 2006 as a police officer with his mother Diane Valentine, his brother Sonny Valentine and his sister Sasha Valentine and made his final appearance on 21 May 2010 after he was murdered by Theresa McQueen (Jorgie Porter).", "Calvin Valentine __knowledge__ Whittle was credited for a flashback episode on 1 December 2010.", "Calvin Valentine __knowledge__ Calvin appeared again as a ghost to tell his wife and Theresa's sister Carmel McQueen (Gemma Merna) that his and Theresa's daughter, Kathleen-Angel McQueen, was fine with Theresa in February 2011.", "Chuck Versus the Wedding Planner __knowledge__ \"Chuck Versus the Wedding Planner\" is the 21st episode of the fourth season of the American action-comedy television series \"Chuck\", and the 75th overall episode of the series.", "Chuck Versus the Wedding Planner __knowledge__ The episode was written by Rafe Judkins and Lauren LeFranc and directed by Anton Cropper.", "Chuck Versus the Wedding Planner __knowledge__ It originally aired on April 18, 2011.", "Chuck Versus the Wedding Planner __knowledge__ In the episode, Chuck Bartowski (Zachary Levi) and Sarah Walker (Yvonne Strahovski) get conned out of their wedding money, and there is only one man they can turn to for helpSarah's conman father, Jack Burton (Gary Cole).", "Chuck Versus the Wedding Planner __knowledge__ Meanwhile, Morgan Grimes (Joshua Gomez) and Alex McHugh (Mekenna Melvin) pressure John Casey (Adam Baldwin) to face Alex's mother, Kathleen (Clare Carey).", "Linebacker __knowledge__ A linebacker (LB or backer) is a playing position in American football and Canadian football.", "Linebacker __knowledge__ Linebackers are members of the defensive team, and line up approximately three to five yards (4 m) behind the line of scrimmage, behind the defensive linemen, and therefore \"back up the line.\"", "Linebacker __knowledge__ Linebackers generally align themselves before the ball is snapped by standing upright in a \"two-point stance\" (as opposed to the defensive linemen, who put one or two hands on the ground for a \"three-point stance\" or \"four-point stance\" before the ball is snapped).", "Linebacker __knowledge__ The goal of the linebacker is to provide either extra run protection or extra pass protection based on the particular defensive play being executed.", "Abenomics __knowledge__ The term \"Abenomics\" is a portmanteau of \"Abe\" and \"economics\", and follows previous political neologisms for economic policies linked to specific leaders, such as Reaganomics, Clintonomics and Rogernomics.", "Abenomics __knowledge__ The Japanese government raised consumption tax rates from 3% to 5% in 1997, which worsened the recession and deflated the economy.", "Abenomics __knowledge__ The government raised the consumption tax in 1997 for the purpose of balancing its budget, and then the government revenue decreased by 4.5 trillion yen because consumption stumbled.", "Abenomics __knowledge__ The country recorded a GDP growth rate of 3 percent in 1996, but after the tax hike the economy sank into recession.", "Red Bull X-Alps __knowledge__ The Red Bull X-Alps is a paragliding race in which athletes must hike or fly 1,000 km across the Alps.", "Red Bull X-Alps __knowledge__ It first launched in 2003 and has since taken place every other year.", "Red Bull X-Alps __knowledge__ Around 30 athletes take part and must navigate their way via a predetermined set of turnpoints that vary with each race.", "Red Bull X-Alps __knowledge__ Every kilometer must be covered either on foot or by paraglider.", "Red Bull X-Alps __knowledge__ Teams consist of one athlete and one official supporter, whose role it is to provide technical advice, mental and nutritional support.", "Red Bull X-Alps __knowledge__ The route traditionally covers the Alpine regions of Austria, Germany, Italy, Switzerland and France before ending in Roquebrune-Cap-Martin, France.", "Philmont Scout Ranch __knowledge__ Philmont Scout Ranch is a large, rugged, mountainous ranch located near the town of Cimarron, New Mexico, covering 140,177 acres (219 sq mi; 567 km²) of wilderness in the Sangre de Cristo Mountains of the Rocky Mountains of northern New Mexico.", "Philmont Scout Ranch __knowledge__ The ranch, formerly the property of oil baron Waite Phillips and now that of the Boy Scouts of America, is a National High Adventure Base in which crews of Scouts and Venturers take part in backpacking expeditions and other outdoor activities.", "Philmont Scout Ranch __knowledge__ It is the one of the largest youth camps in the world in land area.", "Philmont Scout Ranch __knowledge__ Between June 8 and August 22 around 22,000 Scouts and adult leaders backpack across the Ranch's extensive backcountry while over 1,130 seasonal staff personnel maintain the Ranch's summer operations.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "Howard Moscoe __knowledge__ Howard Moscoe (born November 28, 1939) was a city councillor in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, representing Ward 15 in the western part of Eglinton-Lawrence.", "Howard Moscoe __knowledge__ Among the most prominent and longest-serving councillors in the city, he is also known for an outspokenness which has landed him in controversy at times.", "Howard Moscoe __knowledge__ Moscoe is a member of the New Democratic Party.", "Howard Moscoe __knowledge__ On August 31, 2010, after 31 years as an elected municipal politician, Moscoe announced his retirement from city council.", "Howard Moscoe __knowledge__ Moscoe's father, Alexander, was born to a Jewish family in Łódź, Poland, moved to Canada as a child before the First World War.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ The History of Oregon State Beavers football covers more than 120 seasons since the team began play in 1893.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ In 1893, Oregon State College was known as State Agricultural College (SAC).", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ William H. Bloss, son of SAC's school president, was the school's first coach, and the quarterback of the 1893 team.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ Bloss moved to Corvallis, Oregon in June 1892.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ He previously played football in the Midwest, and was considered very knowledgeable of football.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ Bloss scheduled tryouts in the fall of 1893 trying to assemble a football team.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ By mid-October, he had found 17 players that would make up the first football team in Oregon State's history.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hiking __knowledge__ Hiking is the preferred term, in Canada and the United States, for a long, vigorous walk, usually on trails (footpaths), in the countryside, while the word walking is used for shorter, particularly urban walks.", "Hiking __knowledge__ On the other hand, in the United Kingdom, and the Republic of Ireland, the word \"walking\" is acceptable to describe \"all forms\" of walking, whether it is a walk in the park or backpacking in the Alps.", "Hiking __knowledge__ The word hiking is also often used in the UK, along with rambling (a slightly old-fashioned term), hillwalking, and fell walking (a term mostly used for hillwalking in northern England).", "Hiking __knowledge__ The term bushwalking is endemic to Australia, having been adopted by the Sydney Bush Walkers club in 1927.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In New Zealand a long, vigorous walk or hike is called tramping.", "Hiking __knowledge__ It is a popular activity with numerous worldwide, and studies suggest that all forms of walking have health benefits.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In the United States, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, and United Kingdom, hiking means walking outdoors on a trail, or off trail, for recreational purposes.", "Hiking __knowledge__ A day hike refers to a hike that can be completed in a single day.", "Hiking __knowledge__ However, in the United Kingdom, the word walking is also used, as well as rambling, while walking in mountainous areas is called hillwalking.", "Lincolnshire, Illinois __knowledge__ Lincolnshire is a village in Vernon Township, Lake County, in the U.S. state of Illinois.", "Lincolnshire, Illinois __knowledge__ The village is a northern suburb of Chicago.", "Lincolnshire, Illinois __knowledge__ The population of Lincolnshire was 7,275 at the 2010 census.", "Lincolnshire, Illinois __knowledge__ Lincolnshire was incorporated on August 5, 1957, from the unincorporated Half Day area when land was purchased to build a residential subdivision.", "Lincolnshire, Illinois __knowledge__ The community underwent an aggressive era of expansion from 1983 to the 1990s.", "Lincolnshire, Illinois __knowledge__ The Des Plaines River bisects the village, passing from north to south; Illinois Route 22 also divides the village into two parts, crossing the village from east to west.", "Lincolnshire, Illinois __knowledge__ Lincolnshire is home to the public Adlai E. Stevenson High School and to the schools that compose the elementary Lincolnshire-Prairie View School District 103.", "Central Dauphin School District __knowledge__ The Central Dauphin School District is a large, suburban, public school district located in suburban Harrisburg, Pennsylvania serving students in central and eastern Dauphin County.", "Central Dauphin School District __knowledge__ It is the largest school district in the county, the largest in the greater Harrisburg metropolitan area and is the 14th largest school district in Pennsylvania.", "Central Dauphin School District __knowledge__ The district serves the Boroughs of: Dauphin, Paxtang and Penbrook as well as Lower Paxton Township, Middle Paxton Township, Swatara Township and West Hanover Township.", "Central Dauphin School District __knowledge__ It was created in 1954, combining four smaller districts.", "Central Dauphin School District __knowledge__ The Central Dauphin School District encompasses approximately .", "Chambersburg Area School District __knowledge__ The Chambersburg Area School District is a public school district located in Franklin County, Pennsylvania.", "Chambersburg Area School District __knowledge__ The district encompasses approximately 250 square miles, including the borough of Chambersburg, plus the townships of Hamilton, Greene, Lurgan, and Letterkenny, and a portion of Guilford Township.", "Chambersburg Area School District __knowledge__ It operates the following schools: Andrew Buchanan Elementary, Guilford Hills Elementary, South Hamilton Elementary, Benjamin Chambers Elementary, Hamilton Heights Elementary, Thaddeus Stevens Elementary, Lurgan Elementary, Falling Spring Elementary, Grandview Elementary, Scotland Elementary, Marion Elementary, Fayetteville Elementary, New Franklin Elementary, Chambersburg Area Middle School South, Chambersburg Area Middle School North, Chambersburg Area Senior High School and the Career Magnet School.", "Half Day, Illinois __knowledge__ Half Day is a former unincorporated town in Lake County in the state's northeastern region.", "Half Day, Illinois __knowledge__ It is about north of downtown Chicago via Milwaukee Avenue.", "Half Day, Illinois __knowledge__ The town was forcibly annexed by the village of Vernon Hills in 1993.", "Half Day, Illinois __knowledge__ The following month, the village of Lincolnshire also attempted to annex a portion of Half Day.", "Half Day, Illinois __knowledge__ The two villages entered a legal battle, filing lawsuits against each other.", "Half Day, Illinois __knowledge__ Eventually, this resulted in the Vernon Hills annexation being approved and Lincolnshire's being denied.", "Half Day, Illinois __knowledge__ Parts of area infrastructure are still named for the original unincorporated community.", "Half Day, Illinois __knowledge__ The portion of Illinois Route 22 that passes through is named Half Day Road.", "Abington Heights School District __knowledge__ The Abington Heights School District is a midsized public school district.", "Abington Heights School District __knowledge__ It serves: the boroughs of: Clarks Green and Clarks Summit and the townships of Waverly Township, Glenburn Township, Newton Township, North Abington Township, Ransom Township and South Abington Township in Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania.", "Abington Heights School District __knowledge__ Abington Heights School District encompasses approximately .", "Abington Heights School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, it served a resident population of 29,222 residents.", "Abington Heights School District __knowledge__ By 2010, the District's population declined to 23,615 people.", "Abington Heights School District __knowledge__ The educational attainment levels for the School District population (25 years old and over) were 94.7% high school graduates and 47.5% college graduates.", "Cumberland Valley School District __knowledge__ The Cumberland Valley School District is a large, rural and suburban public school district located in Central Pennsylvania.", "Cumberland Valley School District __knowledge__ It covers Hampden Township, Monroe Township, Middlesex Township and Silver Spring Township in Cumberland County, Pennsylvania.", "Cumberland Valley School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, it served a resident population of 46,926.", "Cumberland Valley School District __knowledge__ By 2010, the district's population increased to 54,670 people.", "Cumberland Valley School District __knowledge__ In 2009, the district residents’ per capita income was $28,440, while the median family income was $66,515.", "Cumberland Valley School District __knowledge__ In the Commonwealth, the median family income was $49,501 and the United States median family income was $49,445, in 2010.", "Workweek and weekend __knowledge__ The workweek and weekend are those complementary parts of the week devoted to labour and rest, respectively.", "Workweek and weekend __knowledge__ The legal working week (British English), or workweek (American English), is the part of the seven-day week devoted to labour.", "Workweek and weekend __knowledge__ In most of the Western world, it is Monday to Friday; the weekend is Saturday and Sunday.", "Workweek and weekend __knowledge__ A weekday or workday is any day of the working week.", "Workweek and weekend __knowledge__ Other institutions often follow the pattern, such as places of education.", "Workweek and weekend __knowledge__ In some Christian traditions, Sunday is the \"day of rest and worship\".", "Workweek and weekend __knowledge__ Jewish \"Shabbat\" or Biblical Sabbath lasts from sunset on Friday to the fall of full darkness on Saturday; as a result, the weekend in Israel is observed on Friday–Saturday.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ South African criminal law is the body of national law relating to crime in South Africa.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ In the definition of Van der Walt \"et al\", a crime is \"conduct which common or statute law prohibits and expressly or impliedly subjects to punishment remissible by the state alone and which the offender cannot avoid by his own act once he has been convicted.\"", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ Crime involves the infliction of harm against society.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ The function or object of criminal law is to provide a social mechanism with which to coerce members of society to abstain from conduct that is harmful to the interests of society.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ In South Africa, as in most adversarial legal systems, the standard of evidence required to validate a criminal conviction is proof beyond a reasonable doubt.", "History of Los Angeles __knowledge__ The written history of Los Angeles city and county began with a Colonial Mexican town that was founded by 11 Mexican families which were known as \" Los Pobladores\" that established a settlement in Southern California that changed little in the three decades after 1848, when California became part of the United States.", "History of Los Angeles __knowledge__ Much greater changes came from the completion of the Santa Fe railroad line from Chicago to Los Angeles in 1885.", "History of Los Angeles __knowledge__ Emigrants flooded in, especially white Protestants from the Midwest.", "History of Los Angeles __knowledge__ Los Angeles had a strong economic base in farming, oil, tourism, real estate and movies.", "History of Los Angeles __knowledge__ It grew rapidly with many suburban areas inside and outside the city limits.", "Foreign policy of the Donald Trump administration __knowledge__ The foreign policy of the Donald Trump administration stated aims include a focus on security, by fighting terrorists abroad and strengthening border defenses and immigration controls; an expansion of the U.S. military; an \"America First\" approach to trade; and diplomacy whereby \"old enemies become friends\".", "Foreign policy of the Donald Trump administration __knowledge__ It is inspired by foreign policy positions expressed by Donald Trump during his presidential campaign.", "Foreign policy of the Donald Trump administration __knowledge__ However, during the campaign his stated positions changed frequently, so that it was \"difficult to glean a political agenda, or even a set of clear, core policy values ahead of his presidency.\"", "Irrigation in viticulture __knowledge__ Irrigation in viticulture is the process of applying extra water in the cultivation of grapevines.", "Irrigation in viticulture __knowledge__ It is considered both controversial and essential to wine production.", "Irrigation in viticulture __knowledge__ In the physiology of the grapevine, the amount of available water affects photosynthesis and hence growth, as well as the development of grape berries.", "Irrigation in viticulture __knowledge__ While climate and humidity play important roles, a typical grape vine needs 25-35 inches (635-890 millimeters) of water a year, occurring during the spring and summer months of the growing season, to avoid stress.", "Irrigation in viticulture __knowledge__ A vine that does not receive the necessary amount of water will have its growth altered in a number of ways; some effects of water stress (particularly, smaller berry size and somewhat higher sugar content) are considered desirable by wine grape growers.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants Inc. is an American video game developer founded in 1994 by special-effects and computer-animation veterans Sherry McKenna and Lorne Lanning.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The company is primarily known for the incomplete \"Oddworld Quintology\", a series of award-winning video games about the fictional planet of Oddworld and its native creatures.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The series debuted with \"\" in 1997 and continued with \"\" in 2001 but the studio has also developed standalone titles \"\" in 1998 and \"\" in 2005.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants took a break from game development for a time following the release of \"Stranger's Wrath\", even though it had already begun preliminary work on its next Oddworld title, \"The Brutal Ballad of Fangus Klot\".", "Space elevator safety __knowledge__ There are risks associated with never-done-before technologies like the construction and operation of a space elevator.", "Space elevator safety __knowledge__ A space elevator would present a navigational hazard, both to aircraft and spacecraft.", "Space elevator safety __knowledge__ Aircraft could be dealt with by means of simple air-traffic control restrictions.", "Space elevator safety __knowledge__ Impacts by space objects such as meteoroids and micrometeorites pose a more difficult problem for construction and operation of a space elevator.", "Space elevator safety __knowledge__ If nothing were done, essentially all satellites with perigees below the top of the elevator would eventually collide with the elevator cable.", "Space elevator safety __knowledge__ Twice per day, each orbital plane intersects the elevator, as the rotation of the Earth swings the cable around the equator.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge." ] ]

[ 1, 0, 8, 0, 6 ]

[ "I have some experience in hiking, a long and vigorous walk.", "I would think you would want shoes to support you so you don't roll your ankle. ", "If you are looking for something to do on the weekend, a day hike would be good because you finish it in one day. ", "It would depend on how far you are going as to how much water to bring. ", "There are so many health benefits to hiking, I think a half day hike would have some as well!" ]

[ "Hiking", "Hiking", "Hiking", "Hiking", "Hiking" ]

[ "Lawyer\nI have always loved shows with lawyers.", "wow! My favorite show thought without specifically lawyers is the crime drama law and order svu", "probably an attorney, i love that in SVU the main actress mariska is acually a trained counselor so it makes her scenes with victims more real. The attorney's on that show are very engaging", "In 2014, there were 1.3 million licensed lawyers practicing in the United States. it a hard profession that requires you to go to grad school for 4 years and bas the Bar exam", "62% of practicing lawyers today are above the age of 45, so new lawyers are needed in the workforce" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Lawyer __knowledge__ A lawyer is a person who practices law, as a paralegal, advocate, barrister, attorney, counselor, solicitor, or chartered legal executive.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ Working as a lawyer involves the practical application of abstract legal theories and knowledge to solve specific individualized problems, or to advance the interests of those who hire lawyers to perform legal services.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ The role of the lawyer varies greatly across legal jurisdictions, and so it can be treated here in only the most general terms.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ In practice, legal jurisdictions exercise their right to determine who is recognized as being a lawyer.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ As a result, the meaning of the term \"lawyer\" may vary from place to place.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ In most countries, particularly civil law countries, there has been a tradition of giving many legal tasks to a variety of civil law notaries, clerks, and scriveners.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ These countries do not have \"lawyers\" in the American sense, insofar as that term refers to a single type of general-purpose legal services provider; rather, their legal professions consist of a large number of different kinds of law-trained persons, known as jurists, some of whom are advocates who are licensed to practice in the courts.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ It is difficult to formulate accurate generalizations that cover all the countries with multiple legal professions, because each country has traditionally had its own peculiar method of dividing up legal work among all its different types of legal professionals.", "I've Always Loved You __knowledge__ I've Always Loved You is a 1946 American Technicolor drama film produced and directed by Frank Borzage and written by Borden Chase.", "I've Always Loved You __knowledge__ The film stars Philip Dorn, Catherine McLeod, William Carter, Maria Ouspenskaya, Felix Bressart and Elizabeth Patterson.", "I've Always Loved You __knowledge__ Rare for a film produced by Republic Pictures, \"I've Always Loved You\" is a high-budget prestige production with an A-list director in Borzage.", "I've Always Loved You __knowledge__ The film was based on Chase's story \"Concerto\" which in turn was based on the career of his first wife.", "I've Always Loved You __knowledge__ It was originally called \"Concerto\" and was one of the most expensive films ever made by Republic Pictures.", "List of The Originals characters __knowledge__ \"The Originals\" is an American fantasy-drama television series picked up by The CW for their fall 2013 schedule, after a backdoor pilot for the series aired as an episode of The CW television series \"The Vampire Diaries\" in April 2013.", "List of The Originals characters __knowledge__ It is a spin-off of \"The Vampire Diaries\", sharing a universe with its predecessor.", "List of The Originals characters __knowledge__ It centers on three Mikaelson siblings, Klaus (Joseph Morgan), Elijah (Daniel Gillies), and Rebekah (Claire Holt), collectively known as \"original vampires\", or simply the \"originals\".", "List of The Originals characters __knowledge__ \"The Originals\" is set in the city of New Orleans.", "List of The Originals characters __knowledge__ It was created by Julie Plec.", "List of The Originals characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of series regulars who have appeared in one or more of the series' four seasons.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "List of The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air characters __knowledge__ The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air is an American sitcom based on the life of Will \"The Fresh Prince\" Smith.", "List of The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air characters __knowledge__ it was produced by Quincy Jones and Will Smith.", "List of The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air characters __knowledge__ It started airing on NBC from September 10, 1990, to May 20, 1996.", "List of The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air characters __knowledge__ The Fresh Prince was from West Philadelphia and moved to Bel-Air to live with his aunt, uncle, and cousins.", "List of The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air characters __knowledge__ The show is about the struggles he has in Bel-Air and basically his life story.", "List of The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air characters __knowledge__ The theme song of the show was composed by Will Smith including other music played to connect to scenes.", "List of The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air characters __knowledge__ The following are the list of characters in the show.", "List of The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air characters __knowledge__ Born on July 3, 1973.", "List of The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air characters __knowledge__ Philip Banks (played by James Avery) was born on January 30, 1945 in North Carolina.", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ This article contains detailed descriptions of characters of the teen sci-fi TV show \"The Tribe\".", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ Like many other soaps the series had a large number of characters that increased as the series progressed.", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ Most of the main characters were members of the Mall Rats at one point or another.", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ Alice, played by Vanessa Stacey, is a member of the Mall Rats on the television series \"The Tribe\".", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ She originally was the leader of the Farm Girls.", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ She appears in episodes 132, 203 - 352, 547 - 548, 551.", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ Alice is fun loving and can be rowdy, but deep down she is kind and sensitive and has wisdom.", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ She is angry at injustice and has a hot temper.", "4Music __knowledge__ 4Music is a music and entertainment channel in the United Kingdom and available on some digital television providers in the Republic of Ireland.", "4Music __knowledge__ The channel launched on 15 August 2008, replacing The Hits.", "4Music __knowledge__ It is the only Channel 4-branded channel within The Box Plus Network.", "4Music __knowledge__ It is available on Freeview, Virgin Media and Sky.", "4Music __knowledge__ On 2 April 2013, all Box Television channels went free-to-air on satellite, apart from 4Music which went free-to-view.", "4Music __knowledge__ As a result, the channels were removed from the Sky EPG in Ireland.", "4Music __knowledge__ However, 4Music went free-to-air on February 7, 2017 and launched on Freesat, replacing The Box." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Lawyer __knowledge__ A lawyer is a person who practices law, as a paralegal, advocate, barrister, attorney, counselor, solicitor, or chartered legal executive.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ Working as a lawyer involves the practical application of abstract legal theories and knowledge to solve specific individualized problems, or to advance the interests of those who hire lawyers to perform legal services.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ The role of the lawyer varies greatly across legal jurisdictions, and so it can be treated here in only the most general terms.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ In practice, legal jurisdictions exercise their right to determine who is recognized as being a lawyer.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ As a result, the meaning of the term \"lawyer\" may vary from place to place.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ In most countries, particularly civil law countries, there has been a tradition of giving many legal tasks to a variety of civil law notaries, clerks, and scriveners.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ These countries do not have \"lawyers\" in the American sense, insofar as that term refers to a single type of general-purpose legal services provider; rather, their legal professions consist of a large number of different kinds of law-trained persons, known as jurists, some of whom are advocates who are licensed to practice in the courts.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ It is difficult to formulate accurate generalizations that cover all the countries with multiple legal professions, because each country has traditionally had its own peculiar method of dividing up legal work among all its different types of legal professionals.", "List of Law &amp; Order: Special Victims Unit characters __knowledge__ \"\", a spin-off of the crime drama \"Law & Order\", follows the detectives who work in the \"Special Victims Unit\" of the 16th Precinct of the New York City Police Department, a unit that focuses on crimes involving rape, sexual assault, and child molestation, as well as any crime loosely connected with any of the three, such as domestic violence, kidnapping, and child abandonment.", "List of Law &amp; Order: Special Victims Unit characters __knowledge__ Since its debut in September 1999, the series has followed the career of Olivia Benson, as she progresses from the rank of Detective, working with a partner (initially Elliot Stabler, and later Nick Amaro), to Lieutenant, replacing Donald Cragen as commanding officer of \"SVU\".", "Law &amp; Order: Special Victims Unit __knowledge__ Law & Order: Special Victims Unit (often abbreviated to Law & Order: SVU or just SVU) is an American police procedural, legal, crime drama television series set in New York City, where it is also primarily produced.", "Law &amp; Order: Special Victims Unit __knowledge__ In the style of the original \"Law & Order\", episodes are often \"ripped from the headlines\" or loosely based on real crimes that have received media attention.", "Law &amp; Order: Special Victims Unit __knowledge__ Created by Dick Wolf, the series premiered on NBC on September 20, 1999, as the second series in Wolf's successful \"Law & Order\" franchise.", "Law &amp; Order: Special Victims Unit __knowledge__ \"Law & Order: Special Victims Unit\" has been nominated for and won numerous awards, including the 2006 Emmy for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series for Mariska Hargitay, the first, and to date only, Emmy to be received by a regular on any \"Law & Order\" series.", "John Munch __knowledge__ John Munch is a fictional character played by actor Richard Belzer.", "John Munch __knowledge__ Munch first appeared on the American crime drama television series \"\" on NBC.", "John Munch __knowledge__ A regular through the entire run of the series from 1993 to 1999, Munch is a cynical detective in the Baltimore Police Department's Homicide unit, and a firm believer in conspiracy theories.", "John Munch __knowledge__ He is originally partnered with Det.", "John Munch __knowledge__ Stanley Bolander (Ned Beatty).", "John Munch __knowledge__ Munch is based on Jay Landsman, a central figure in David Simon's true crime book \".\"", "John Munch __knowledge__ On the cancellation of \"Homicide\" in 1999, Belzer was offered a regular role as Munch on the \"Law & Order\" spin off, \"\".", "Law &amp; Order: Special Victims Unit (season 14) __knowledge__ The fourteenth season of \"\" debuted with a two-part premiere episode on September 26, 2012, at 9pm/8c - 11pm/10c (Eastern) on NBC, which was the show's weekly time slot.", "Law &amp; Order: Special Victims Unit (season 14) __knowledge__ The fourteenth season picked up storyline-wise where the last season left off, with Captain Cragen (Dann Florek) awaking to a dead prostitute in his bed with her throat slit.", "Law &amp; Order: Special Victims Unit (season 14) __knowledge__ The two-part season premiere was watched by 7.19 million total viewers and received generally positive reviews.", "Law &amp; Order: Special Victims Unit (season 14) __knowledge__ The series' landmark 300th episode fell this season and aired on October 24, 2012, watched by 6.77 million total viewers.", "Law &amp; Order: Special Victims Unit (season 14) __knowledge__ This is the first season of \"SVU\" to have any kind of crossover with now-ended \"Law & Order\" spinoff \"\", with Kathryn Erbe guest starring in two episodes \"\" and \"Poisoned Motive\" as her \"LOCI\" character, Alexandra Eames, and Denis O'Hare guest starring in the episode \"Presumed Guilty\" as his \"LOCI\" character, .", "Chicago Crossover __knowledge__ \"Chicago Crossover\" is the seventh episode of the of the American police procedural-legal drama, \"\", and the 350th overall episode of the long-running series.", "Chicago Crossover __knowledge__ It originally aired on National Broadcasting Company (NBC) in the United States on November 12, 2014.", "Chicago Crossover __knowledge__ In this episode, the SVU team meets up with the Intelligence Unit of Chicago P.D.", "Chicago Crossover __knowledge__ to solve a decades-old child pornography ring case, which is personal for \"CPD's\" Detective Erin Lindsay (Sophia Bush).", "Chicago Crossover __knowledge__ The episode was written by , Warren Leight, and Dick Wolf, and directed by Steve Shill.", "Chicago Crossover __knowledge__ This episode marks an unprecedented crossover in \"Law & Order\" franchise history where three shows (all three created by Wolf) crossover with one main storyline.", "Olivia Benson __knowledge__ Olivia Margaret Benson is a fictional character on the NBC police procedural drama \"\", portrayed by Mariska Hargitay.", "Olivia Benson __knowledge__ Benson holds the rank of Lieutenant and is the Commanding Officer of the Manhattan Special Victims Unit of the New York City Police Department, which operates out of the 16th precinct.", "Olivia Benson __knowledge__ When the series begins, she holds the rank of Detective and is partnered with Detective Elliot Stabler (Christopher Meloni).", "Olivia Benson __knowledge__ Following Stabler's departure at the end of the 12th season, she is partnered with Detective Nick Amaro (Danny Pino).", "Olivia Benson __knowledge__ During the 15th season, she is promoted to Sergeant and appointed as acting commanding officer, in the wake of the retirement of both Sergeant John Munch (Richard Belzer) and Captain Donald Cragen (Dann Florek).", "Lost Reputation __knowledge__ \"Lost Reputation\" is the premiere of the police procedural television series \"\" and the 296th overall episode.", "Lost Reputation __knowledge__ It originally aired on the NBC on September 26, 2012.", "Lost Reputation __knowledge__ In the episode, the Special Victims Unit detectives try to stop a growing scandal when Captain Cragen (Dann Florek) is arrested for the murder of an escort, Carissa Gibson (Pippa Black).", "Lost Reputation __knowledge__ Meanwhile, Detective Nick Amaro (Danny Pino) has to juggle trying to solve the case against Cragen without losing his family in the process.", "Lost Reputation __knowledge__ The episode was written by show runner/executive producer Warren Leight and Julie Martin and was directed by Michael Slovis.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ Jiya Jale was a popular Hindi TV serial that aired on 9X channel from 19 November 2007 to 19 June 2008, Monday to Thursday at 8:30 pm IND / 9.00pm UK, based on the concept of love story of Sunaina and Chandan.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The show was replaced by Dahhej, another popular show on 9X.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The show aired again on 9X in 2009 due to its popularity.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The show also aired on Zee Anmol and Zee Lamhee in 2015.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The story is based on the life of an ordinary girl Sunaina, who was brought up in a close and caring family.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The story takes off when Sunaina has just fallen in the love with the idea of love, when she meets Chandan.", "List of Suits characters __knowledge__ \"Suits\" is an American legal drama created by Aaron Korsh and premiered on USA Network in June 2011.", "List of Suits characters __knowledge__ The series revolves around Harvey Specter (Gabriel Macht), a senior partner at a top law firm in Manhattan, and his recently hired associate attorney Mike Ross (Patrick J. Adams) as they hide the fact that Mike does not have a law degree.", "List of Suits characters __knowledge__ Each episode focuses on a single legal case and its challenges while examining the work environment of the firm, Mike's and Harvey's personal relationships, and problems stemming from Mike's lack of a degree.", "List of Suits characters __knowledge__ The rest of the starring cast portray other employees at the firm: Louis Litt (Rick Hoffman), Rachel Zane (Meghan Markle), a paralegal who develops feelings for Mike; Donna Paulsen (Sarah Rafferty), Harvey's long-time legal secretary, close friend, and confidant; and Jessica Pearson (Gina Torres), the co-founder and managing partner of the firm.", "Murder of Janet March __knowledge__ On August 29, 1996, Janet Levine March (born February 20, 1963), a children's book illustrator in Forest Hills, Tennessee, United States, a suburb of Nashville, was reported missing to police by her husband and mother.", "Murder of Janet March __knowledge__ Perry March, a lawyer, told police that he had last seen his wife when she left the house on the night of August 15, two weeks earlier, following an argument.", "Murder of Janet March __knowledge__ He claimed she had packed her bags for a 12-day vacation at an unknown location and driven away.", "Murder of Janet March __knowledge__ She was never seen alive by anyone else afterwards.", "Murder of Janet March __knowledge__ Janet's car was found at a nearby apartment complex a week after the police report, apparently having been there for some time.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "No Man's Land (2013 film) __knowledge__ No Man's Land is a 2013 Chinese neo-western thriller film directed, co-written and co-produced by Ning Hao and starring Xu Zheng, Yu Nan, Huang Bo and Tobgye (Tibetan actor also known as Duobuji).", "No Man's Land (2013 film) __knowledge__ The entire film happens in a very desolate region of China, in the northwestern deserts.", "No Man's Land (2013 film) __knowledge__ A poacher (Huang Bo) is being arrested by a police officer after capturing a rare falcon, worth 1 million RMB on the black market.", "No Man's Land (2013 film) __knowledge__ A second poacher (Tobgye) kills the police officer with his jeep and tells the first poacher to flee, while he stays behind himself to take responsibility.", "No Man's Land (2013 film) __knowledge__ He hires one of the best lawyers (Xu Zheng) in China for his defense, forcing the lawyer to travel a long distance to get to the town.", "Lawyer Ron __knowledge__ Lawyer Ron (March 1, 2003 – July 11, 2009) was an American thoroughbred race horse.", "Lawyer Ron __knowledge__ Lawyer Ron was bred and owned by James T. Hines, Jr., an entrepreneur who started his first company, Premium Allied Tool, in Owensboro, Kentucky, in 1966 and turned it into a multimillion-dollar business.", "Lawyer Ron __knowledge__ Hines became involved in thoroughbred horse racing in 1995 but died at the age of 69 in a drowning accident in his home swimming pool on February 20, 2006, just before Lawyer Ron's victory in the Rebel Stakes.", "Lawyer Ron __knowledge__ The estate and Lawyer Ron's racing career were both managed by Mr. Hines' lawyer, Ron Bamberger, for whom the horse was named." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Lawyer __knowledge__ A lawyer is a person who practices law, as a paralegal, advocate, barrister, attorney, counselor, solicitor, or chartered legal executive.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ Working as a lawyer involves the practical application of abstract legal theories and knowledge to solve specific individualized problems, or to advance the interests of those who hire lawyers to perform legal services.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ The role of the lawyer varies greatly across legal jurisdictions, and so it can be treated here in only the most general terms.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ In practice, legal jurisdictions exercise their right to determine who is recognized as being a lawyer.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ As a result, the meaning of the term \"lawyer\" may vary from place to place.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ In most countries, particularly civil law countries, there has been a tradition of giving many legal tasks to a variety of civil law notaries, clerks, and scriveners.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ These countries do not have \"lawyers\" in the American sense, insofar as that term refers to a single type of general-purpose legal services provider; rather, their legal professions consist of a large number of different kinds of law-trained persons, known as jurists, some of whom are advocates who are licensed to practice in the courts.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ It is difficult to formulate accurate generalizations that cover all the countries with multiple legal professions, because each country has traditionally had its own peculiar method of dividing up legal work among all its different types of legal professionals.", "List of Law &amp; Order: Special Victims Unit characters __knowledge__ \"\", a spin-off of the crime drama \"Law & Order\", follows the detectives who work in the \"Special Victims Unit\" of the 16th Precinct of the New York City Police Department, a unit that focuses on crimes involving rape, sexual assault, and child molestation, as well as any crime loosely connected with any of the three, such as domestic violence, kidnapping, and child abandonment.", "List of Law &amp; Order: Special Victims Unit characters __knowledge__ Since its debut in September 1999, the series has followed the career of Olivia Benson, as she progresses from the rank of Detective, working with a partner (initially Elliot Stabler, and later Nick Amaro), to Lieutenant, replacing Donald Cragen as commanding officer of \"SVU\".", "Law &amp; Order: Special Victims Unit __knowledge__ Law & Order: Special Victims Unit (often abbreviated to Law & Order: SVU or just SVU) is an American police procedural, legal, crime drama television series set in New York City, where it is also primarily produced.", "Law &amp; Order: Special Victims Unit __knowledge__ In the style of the original \"Law & Order\", episodes are often \"ripped from the headlines\" or loosely based on real crimes that have received media attention.", "Law &amp; Order: Special Victims Unit __knowledge__ Created by Dick Wolf, the series premiered on NBC on September 20, 1999, as the second series in Wolf's successful \"Law & Order\" franchise.", "Law &amp; Order: Special Victims Unit __knowledge__ \"Law & Order: Special Victims Unit\" has been nominated for and won numerous awards, including the 2006 Emmy for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series for Mariska Hargitay, the first, and to date only, Emmy to be received by a regular on any \"Law & Order\" series.", "Law &amp; Order: Special Victims Unit (season 14) __knowledge__ The fourteenth season of \"\" debuted with a two-part premiere episode on September 26, 2012, at 9pm/8c - 11pm/10c (Eastern) on NBC, which was the show's weekly time slot.", "Law &amp; Order: Special Victims Unit (season 14) __knowledge__ The fourteenth season picked up storyline-wise where the last season left off, with Captain Cragen (Dann Florek) awaking to a dead prostitute in his bed with her throat slit.", "Law &amp; Order: Special Victims Unit (season 14) __knowledge__ The two-part season premiere was watched by 7.19 million total viewers and received generally positive reviews.", "Law &amp; Order: Special Victims Unit (season 14) __knowledge__ The series' landmark 300th episode fell this season and aired on October 24, 2012, watched by 6.77 million total viewers.", "Law &amp; Order: Special Victims Unit (season 14) __knowledge__ This is the first season of \"SVU\" to have any kind of crossover with now-ended \"Law & Order\" spinoff \"\", with Kathryn Erbe guest starring in two episodes \"\" and \"Poisoned Motive\" as her \"LOCI\" character, Alexandra Eames, and Denis O'Hare guest starring in the episode \"Presumed Guilty\" as his \"LOCI\" character, .", "Lost Reputation __knowledge__ \"Lost Reputation\" is the premiere of the police procedural television series \"\" and the 296th overall episode.", "Lost Reputation __knowledge__ It originally aired on the NBC on September 26, 2012.", "Lost Reputation __knowledge__ In the episode, the Special Victims Unit detectives try to stop a growing scandal when Captain Cragen (Dann Florek) is arrested for the murder of an escort, Carissa Gibson (Pippa Black).", "Lost Reputation __knowledge__ Meanwhile, Detective Nick Amaro (Danny Pino) has to juggle trying to solve the case against Cragen without losing his family in the process.", "Lost Reputation __knowledge__ The episode was written by show runner/executive producer Warren Leight and Julie Martin and was directed by Michael Slovis.", "Law &amp; Order: Special Victims Unit (season 13) __knowledge__ The thirteenth season of \"\" debuted on NBC on September 21, 2011, and concluded on May 23, 2012.", "Law &amp; Order: Special Victims Unit (season 13) __knowledge__ With \"\" and \"\" having ended in July 2011 and June 2011 respectively, this season of \"Law & Order: SVU\" was the first to be broadcast without any other running U.S. \"Law & Order\" series, a position the series has held until the nineteenth season, when \"Law & Order True Crime\" premiered.", "Law &amp; Order: Special Victims Unit (season 13) __knowledge__ Season 13 dealt with the departure of Detective Elliot Stabler (Christopher Meloni) from the Special Victims Unit after .", "Law &amp; Order: Special Victims Unit (season 13) __knowledge__ Additionally, Warren Leight, coming over from the recently concluded \"\", became the executive producer/showrunner for the series replacing Neal Baer who began working on a CBS medical drama.", "Chicago Crossover __knowledge__ \"Chicago Crossover\" is the seventh episode of the of the American police procedural-legal drama, \"\", and the 350th overall episode of the long-running series.", "Chicago Crossover __knowledge__ It originally aired on National Broadcasting Company (NBC) in the United States on November 12, 2014.", "Chicago Crossover __knowledge__ In this episode, the SVU team meets up with the Intelligence Unit of Chicago P.D.", "Chicago Crossover __knowledge__ to solve a decades-old child pornography ring case, which is personal for \"CPD's\" Detective Erin Lindsay (Sophia Bush).", "Chicago Crossover __knowledge__ The episode was written by , Warren Leight, and Dick Wolf, and directed by Steve Shill.", "Chicago Crossover __knowledge__ This episode marks an unprecedented crossover in \"Law & Order\" franchise history where three shows (all three created by Wolf) crossover with one main storyline.", "Olivia Benson __knowledge__ Olivia Margaret Benson is a fictional character on the NBC police procedural drama \"\", portrayed by Mariska Hargitay.", "Olivia Benson __knowledge__ Benson holds the rank of Lieutenant and is the Commanding Officer of the Manhattan Special Victims Unit of the New York City Police Department, which operates out of the 16th precinct.", "Olivia Benson __knowledge__ When the series begins, she holds the rank of Detective and is partnered with Detective Elliot Stabler (Christopher Meloni).", "Olivia Benson __knowledge__ Following Stabler's departure at the end of the 12th season, she is partnered with Detective Nick Amaro (Danny Pino).", "Olivia Benson __knowledge__ During the 15th season, she is promoted to Sergeant and appointed as acting commanding officer, in the wake of the retirement of both Sergeant John Munch (Richard Belzer) and Captain Donald Cragen (Dann Florek).", "Legal executive __knowledge__ Legal executives are a form of trained persons in the legal professional in certain jurisdictions.", "Legal executive __knowledge__ They often specialise in a particular area of law.", "Legal executive __knowledge__ The training that a Legal Executive undertakes usually includes both vocational training (a minimum of 3 years for those in England and Wales) and academic qualifications.", "Legal executive __knowledge__ Legal executives are associated with different membership bodies and different rights according to geographical regions.", "Legal executive __knowledge__ Legal executives are recognised in both Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland, New Zealand, Australia, Singapore, Hong Kong and The Bahamas.", "Legal executive __knowledge__ There is no direct equivalent to a legal executive in Scotland.", "Admission to practice law __knowledge__ An admission to practice law is acquired when a lawyer receives a license to practice law.", "Admission to practice law __knowledge__ In jurisdictions with two types of lawyer, as with barristers and solicitors, barristers must gain admission to the bar whereas for solicitors there are distinct practising certificates.", "Admission to practice law __knowledge__ Becoming a lawyer is a widely varied process around the world.", "Admission to practice law __knowledge__ Common to all jurisdictions are requirements of age and competence; some jurisdictions also require documentation of citizenship or immigration status.", "Admission to practice law __knowledge__ However, the most varied requirements are those surrounding the preparation for the license, whether it includes obtaining a law degree, passing an exam, or serving in an apprenticeship.", "M. A. Muid Khan __knowledge__ Muhammed Abdul Muid Khan () is a Bangladeshi-born British barrister and Chartered Legal Executive lawyer.", "M. A. Muid Khan __knowledge__ In 2012, he became the first British-Bangladeshi lawyer recognised jointly by the Bar Council, Law Society and CILEx as the Best Human Rights Lawyer of England and Wales.", "M. A. Muid Khan __knowledge__ Khan is the second son of the late Prof. A.N.M.", "M. A. Muid Khan __knowledge__ Abdul Mannan Khan, ex-chairman and senior professor of the Department of Arabic, University of Dhaka.", "M. A. Muid Khan __knowledge__ His father was an Islamic scholar and ambassador of world peace.", "M. A. Muid Khan __knowledge__ His elder brother Dr. M. A. Munim Khan is a professor of Bangladesh Open University.", "M. A. Muid Khan __knowledge__ His younger brother squadron leader M. A. Muquit Khan is an air force officer in Bangladesh Air Force.", "Paralegal __knowledge__ A paralegal is an individual, qualified by education, training or work experience, who is employed or retained by a lawyer, law office, corporation, governmental agency, or other entity and who performs specifically delegated substantive legal work for which a lawyer is responsible.", "Paralegal __knowledge__ However, this definition varies depending on the jurisdiction; in Ontario, Canada, paralegals are independent legal practitioners, licensed by The Law Society of Upper Canada to provide legal services to members of the public.", "Paralegal __knowledge__ Licensed paralegals in Ontario may manage their own legal firm.", "Paralegal __knowledge__ They are employed as municipal and provincial prosecutors and may be appointed as justices of the peace.", "Barrister __knowledge__ A barrister (also known as barrister-at-law or bar-at-law) is a type of lawyer in common law jurisdictions.", "Barrister __knowledge__ Barristers mostly specialise in courtroom advocacy and litigation.", "Barrister __knowledge__ Their tasks include taking cases in superior courts and tribunals, drafting legal pleadings, researching the philosophy, hypothesis and history of law, and giving expert legal opinions.", "Barrister __knowledge__ Often, barristers are also recognised as \"legal scholars\".", "Barrister __knowledge__ Barristers are distinguished from solicitors, who have more direct access to clients, and may do transactional-type legal work.", "Barrister __knowledge__ It is mainly barristers who are appointed as judges, and they are rarely hired by clients directly.", "Chartered Institute of Legal Executives __knowledge__ The Chartered Institute of Legal Executives (CILEx) is the professional body for Chartered Legal Executives in England and Wales and an examination board providing qualifications for Chartered Legal Executives, paralegals and legal secretaries.", "Chartered Institute of Legal Executives __knowledge__ The Institute of Legal Executives as it stands was established in 1963 with the help of the Law Society of England and Wales to provide a more formal process for training so-called \"solicitors' clerks\".", "Chartered Institute of Legal Executives __knowledge__ Prior to that the Institute had various incarnations dating back to 1892.", "Chartered Institute of Legal Executives __knowledge__ Charles Dickens was a solicitor's clerk (he drew on his experience for characters in his novels, and a solicitor's managing clerk is featured in Galsworthy's Justice)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Lawyer __knowledge__ A lawyer is a person who practices law, as a paralegal, advocate, barrister, attorney, counselor, solicitor, or chartered legal executive.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ Working as a lawyer involves the practical application of abstract legal theories and knowledge to solve specific individualized problems, or to advance the interests of those who hire lawyers to perform legal services.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ The role of the lawyer varies greatly across legal jurisdictions, and so it can be treated here in only the most general terms.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ In practice, legal jurisdictions exercise their right to determine who is recognized as being a lawyer.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ As a result, the meaning of the term \"lawyer\" may vary from place to place.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ In most countries, particularly civil law countries, there has been a tradition of giving many legal tasks to a variety of civil law notaries, clerks, and scriveners.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ These countries do not have \"lawyers\" in the American sense, insofar as that term refers to a single type of general-purpose legal services provider; rather, their legal professions consist of a large number of different kinds of law-trained persons, known as jurists, some of whom are advocates who are licensed to practice in the courts.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ It is difficult to formulate accurate generalizations that cover all the countries with multiple legal professions, because each country has traditionally had its own peculiar method of dividing up legal work among all its different types of legal professionals.", "Admission to practice law __knowledge__ An admission to practice law is acquired when a lawyer receives a license to practice law.", "Admission to practice law __knowledge__ In jurisdictions with two types of lawyer, as with barristers and solicitors, barristers must gain admission to the bar whereas for solicitors there are distinct practising certificates.", "Admission to practice law __knowledge__ Becoming a lawyer is a widely varied process around the world.", "Admission to practice law __knowledge__ Common to all jurisdictions are requirements of age and competence; some jurisdictions also require documentation of citizenship or immigration status.", "Admission to practice law __knowledge__ However, the most varied requirements are those surrounding the preparation for the license, whether it includes obtaining a law degree, passing an exam, or serving in an apprenticeship.", "Bachelor of Laws __knowledge__ The Bachelor of Laws (; LL.B.", "Bachelor of Laws __knowledge__ or B.L.)", "Bachelor of Laws __knowledge__ is an undergraduate degree in law (or a first professional degree in law, depending on jurisdiction) originating in England and offered in Japan and most common law jurisdictionsexcept the United States and Canadaas the degree which allows a person to become a lawyer.", "Bachelor of Laws __knowledge__ It historically served this purpose in the U.S. as well, but was phased out in the mid-1960s in favor of the Juris Doctor degree, and Canada followed suit.", "Bachelor of Laws __knowledge__ Historically, in Canada, Bachelor of Laws was the name of the first degree in common law, but is also the name of the first degree in Quebec civil law awarded by a number of Quebec universities.", "Law school __knowledge__ A law school (also known as a law centre or college of law) is an institution specializing in legal education, usually involved as part of a process for becoming a lawyer within a given jurisdiction.", "Law school __knowledge__ To practice law in Australia, one needs to graduate with a Bachelor of Laws (LLB), Juris Doctor (JD), or Diploma-in-Law issued by the Legal Profession Admission Board, followed by an internship for 12 months or an extra course in practical legal training (PLT) depending on the jurisdiction and university, and be admitted as a lawyer of one of a state's Supreme Court.", "Law school __knowledge__ In Brazil the legal education begins between 1827/28 in Olinda/PE and São Paulo/SP where the first Schools of Law were established by the new Empire using as educational model the Coimbra Faculty of Law.", "State Bar of California __knowledge__ The State Bar of California is California's official attorney licensing agency.", "State Bar of California __knowledge__ It is responsible for managing the admission of lawyers to the practice of law, investigating complaints of professional misconduct, and prescribing appropriate discipline.", "State Bar of California __knowledge__ It is directly responsible to the Supreme Court of California.", "State Bar of California __knowledge__ All attorney admissions and disbarments are issued as recommendations of the State Bar, which are then routinely ratified by the Supreme Court.", "State Bar of California __knowledge__ The State Bar was legally established on July 29, 1927, when the State Bar Act went into effect.", "State Bar of California __knowledge__ The State Bar of California is the largest in the United States, with 253,306 living members as of February 2015, of whom 183,763 are on active status.", "Admission to the bar in the United States __knowledge__ Admission to the bar in the United States is the granting of permission by a particular court system to a lawyer to practice law in that system.", "Admission to the bar in the United States __knowledge__ Each U.S state and similar jurisdiction (\"e.g.,\" territories under federal control) has its own court system and sets its own rules for bar admission (or privilege to practice law), which can lead to different admission standards among states.", "Admission to the bar in the United States __knowledge__ In most cases, a person who is \"admitted\" to the bar is thereby a \"member\" of the particular bar.", "Admission to the bar in the United States __knowledge__ In the canonical case, lawyers seeking admission must earn a Juris Doctor degree from a law school approved by the jurisdiction, and then pass a bar exam administered by it.", "Notary public __knowledge__ A notary public (or notary or public notary) of the common law is a public officer constituted by law to serve the public in non-contentious matters usually concerned with estates, deeds, powers-of-attorney, and foreign and international business.", "Notary public __knowledge__ A notary's main functions are to administer oaths and affirmations, take affidavits and statutory declarations, witness and authenticate the execution of certain classes of documents, take acknowledgments of deeds and other conveyances, protest notes and bills of exchange, provide notice of foreign drafts, prepare marine or ship's protests in cases of damage, provide exemplifications and notarial copies, and perform certain other official acts depending on the jurisdiction.", "Legal education __knowledge__ Legal education is the education of individuals in the principles, practices, and theory of law.", "Legal education __knowledge__ It may be undertaken for several reasons, including to provide the knowledge and skills necessary for admission to legal practice in a particular jurisdiction, to provide a greater breadth of knowledge to those working in other professions such as politics or business, to provide current lawyers with advanced training or greater specialisation, or to update lawyers on recent developments in the law.", "Legal education __knowledge__ Legal education can take the form of a variety of programs, including: Early Western legal education emerged in Republican Rome.", "Paralegal __knowledge__ A paralegal is an individual, qualified by education, training or work experience, who is employed or retained by a lawyer, law office, corporation, governmental agency, or other entity and who performs specifically delegated substantive legal work for which a lawyer is responsible.", "Paralegal __knowledge__ However, this definition varies depending on the jurisdiction; in Ontario, Canada, paralegals are independent legal practitioners, licensed by The Law Society of Upper Canada to provide legal services to members of the public.", "Paralegal __knowledge__ Licensed paralegals in Ontario may manage their own legal firm.", "Paralegal __knowledge__ They are employed as municipal and provincial prosecutors and may be appointed as justices of the peace.", "Lester Brickman __knowledge__ Lester Brickman is an emeritus professor at the Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law of the Yeshiva University and a legal scholar.", "Lester Brickman __knowledge__ He is one of the founding faculty members of the Cardozo, recruited by Yeshiva University in 1976 from the University of Toledo College of Law.", "Lester Brickman __knowledge__ On May 31, 2016, Professor Brickman received the Monrad Paulsen Award of the Cardozo School, upon his retirement from teaching.", "Lester Brickman __knowledge__ He taught contracts, legal ethics and Land Use and Zoning at the Cardozo School of Law.", "Lester Brickman __knowledge__ He is the author of a book, \"Lawyer Barons: What Their Contingency Fees Really Cost America\" (Cambridge University Press, 2011), a detailed critique of perceived abuses and excessive costs of the American tort system, with proposals for reform.", "Artificial intelligence __knowledge__ Artificial intelligence (AI, also machine intelligence, MI) is intelligence displayed by machines, in contrast with the natural intelligence (NI) displayed by humans and other animals.", "Artificial intelligence __knowledge__ In computer science AI research is defined as the study of \"intelligent agents\": any device that perceives its environment and takes actions that maximize its chance of success at some goal.", "Artificial intelligence __knowledge__ Colloquially, the term \"artificial intelligence\" is applied when a machine mimics \"cognitive\" functions that humans associate with other human minds, such as \"learning\" and \"problem solving\".", "Artificial intelligence __knowledge__ See glossary of artificial intelligence.", "Legalism (Chinese philosophy) __knowledge__ Fajia () or Legalism is one of Sima Tan's six classical schools of thought in Chinese philosophy.", "Legalism (Chinese philosophy) __knowledge__ Roughly meaning \"house of Fa\" (administrative \"methods\" or \"standards\"), the \"school\" (term) represents some several branches of realistic statesmen or \"men of methods\" (fashu zishi) foundational for the traditional Chinese bureaucratic empire.", "Legalism (Chinese philosophy) __knowledge__ Compared with Machiavelli, it has often been considered in the Western world as akin to the Realpolitikal thought of ancient China.", "Legalism (Chinese philosophy) __knowledge__ Largely ignoring morality or questions on how a society ideally should function, they examined contemporary government; emphasizing a realistic consolidation of the wealth and power of autocrat and state, with the goal of achieving increased order, security and stability.", "Courts and Legal Services Act 1990 __knowledge__ The Courts and Legal Services Act 1990 (c. 41) was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that reformed the legal profession and Courts of England and Wales.", "Courts and Legal Services Act 1990 __knowledge__ The Act was the culmination of a series of reports and reforms that started with the Benson Commission in the 1970s, and significantly changed the way that the legal profession and court system worked.", "Courts and Legal Services Act 1990 __knowledge__ The changes introduced in the Act covered a variety of areas.", "Courts and Legal Services Act 1990 __knowledge__ Important changes were made to the judiciary, particularly in terms of appointments, judicial pensions and the introduction of District Judges, the arbitration process of Alternative Dispute Resolution and the procedure in the courts, particularly in terms of the distribution of civil business between the High Court and County Courts.", "Law firm __knowledge__ A law firm is a business entity formed by one or more lawyers to engage in the practice of law.", "Law firm __knowledge__ The primary service rendered by a law firm is to advise clients (individuals or corporations) about their legal rights and responsibilities, and to represent clients in civil or criminal cases, business transactions, and other matters in which legal advice and other assistance are sought.", "Law firm __knowledge__ Law firms are organized in a variety of ways, depending on the jurisdiction in which the firm practices.", "Law firm __knowledge__ Common arrangements include: In many countries, including the United States, there is a rule that only lawyers may have an ownership interest in, or be managers of, a law firm." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Lawyer __knowledge__ A lawyer is a person who practices law, as a paralegal, advocate, barrister, attorney, counselor, solicitor, or chartered legal executive.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ Working as a lawyer involves the practical application of abstract legal theories and knowledge to solve specific individualized problems, or to advance the interests of those who hire lawyers to perform legal services.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ The role of the lawyer varies greatly across legal jurisdictions, and so it can be treated here in only the most general terms.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ In practice, legal jurisdictions exercise their right to determine who is recognized as being a lawyer.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ As a result, the meaning of the term \"lawyer\" may vary from place to place.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ In most countries, particularly civil law countries, there has been a tradition of giving many legal tasks to a variety of civil law notaries, clerks, and scriveners.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ These countries do not have \"lawyers\" in the American sense, insofar as that term refers to a single type of general-purpose legal services provider; rather, their legal professions consist of a large number of different kinds of law-trained persons, known as jurists, some of whom are advocates who are licensed to practice in the courts.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ It is difficult to formulate accurate generalizations that cover all the countries with multiple legal professions, because each country has traditionally had its own peculiar method of dividing up legal work among all its different types of legal professionals.", "Law of the People's Republic of China __knowledge__ Law of the People's Republic of China, officially referred to as the Socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics, is the legal regime of China, with the separate legal traditions and systems of Mainland China, Hong Kong, and Macau.", "Law of the People's Republic of China __knowledge__ Between 1954 and 1978, there was not very much effort within China to create a legal system.", "Law of the People's Republic of China __knowledge__ The Communist leadership led by Mao Zedong believed that creating a legal system would restrict the power of the Communist Party of China and create elites which would ultimately harm the socialist revolution.", "Law of the People's Republic of China __knowledge__ This policy was changed in 1979, and China has formed an increasingly sophisticated legal system.", "Law Society of British Columbia __knowledge__ The Law Society of British Columbia is the regulatory body for lawyers in British Columbia, Canada.", "Law Society of British Columbia __knowledge__ The society's primary mandate under the \"Legal Profession Act\" is to uphold and protect the public interest in the administration of justice by preserving and protecting the rights and freedoms of all persons, ensuring the independence, integrity, honour and competence of lawyers, establishing standards and programs for the education, professional responsibility and establishing standards for the education, professional responsibility and competence of BC lawyers.", "Law Society of British Columbia __knowledge__ The Law Society is overseen by a board of governors known as Benchers, composed of 25 lawyers elected by the registrants of the Law Society, up to six Benchers who are not lawyers and who are appointed by the government, and the attorney general of BC.", "Law firm __knowledge__ A law firm is a business entity formed by one or more lawyers to engage in the practice of law.", "Law firm __knowledge__ The primary service rendered by a law firm is to advise clients (individuals or corporations) about their legal rights and responsibilities, and to represent clients in civil or criminal cases, business transactions, and other matters in which legal advice and other assistance are sought.", "Law firm __knowledge__ Law firms are organized in a variety of ways, depending on the jurisdiction in which the firm practices.", "Law firm __knowledge__ Common arrangements include: In many countries, including the United States, there is a rule that only lawyers may have an ownership interest in, or be managers of, a law firm.", "Legal education in the United States __knowledge__ Legal education in the United States generally refers to a graduate degree, the completion of which makes a graduate eligible to sit for an examination for a license to practice as a Lawyer.", "Legal education in the United States __knowledge__ Around 60 percent of those who complete a law degree typically practice law, with the remainder primarily working in business (especially finance, insurance, real estate, and consulting) or government or policy roles, where their degrees also confer advantages.", "Legal education in the United States __knowledge__ (Other types of legal education, such as that of paralegals, of Limited Practice Officers (in Washington), and of the citizenry in general, and of the education of lawyers after admission to the bar (continuing legal education) are not covered in this article.)", "State Bar of Georgia __knowledge__ The State Bar of Georgia is the governing body of the legal profession in the State of Georgia, operating under the supervision of the Supreme Court of Georgia.", "State Bar of Georgia __knowledge__ Membership is a condition of admission to practice law in Georgia.", "State Bar of Georgia __knowledge__ The State Bar was established in 1964 as the successor of the prior voluntary Georgia Bar Association which was founded in 1884.", "State Bar of Georgia __knowledge__ The stated purpose of the State Bar of Georgia is to foster among the members of the Bar of this state the principles of duty and service to the public; to improve the administration of justice; and to advance the science of law.", "State Bar of Georgia __knowledge__ The Bar has strict codes of ethics and discipline that are enforced by the Supreme Court of Georgia through the State Bar's Office of the General Counsel.", "Washington State Bar Association __knowledge__ The Washington State Bar Association (WSBA) is authorized by the Washington Supreme Court to license the state's 35,400 lawyers.", "Washington State Bar Association __knowledge__ The WSBA both regulates lawyers under the authority of the Court and serves its members as a professional association, without public funding.", "Washington State Bar Association __knowledge__ The WSBA's mission is to serve the public and the members of the Bar, ensure the integrity of the legal profession, and to champion justice.", "Washington State Bar Association __knowledge__ In June 2017, WSBA President Robin Haynes resigned after the Spokane newspaper reported that she was under investigation for theft from law firm credit card accounts.", "Washington State Bar Association __knowledge__ The new WSBA President, Brad Furlong, issued a statement saying that a forensic investigation of WSBA books and accounts would be conducted.", "Mark Satin __knowledge__ Mark Ivor Satin (born November 16, 1946) is an American political theorist, author, and newsletter publisher.", "Mark Satin __knowledge__ He is best known for contributing to the development and dissemination of three political perspectives – neopacifism in the 1960s, New Age politics in the 1970s and 1980s, and radical centrism in the 1990s and 2000s.", "Mark Satin __knowledge__ Satin's work is sometimes seen as building toward a new political ideology, and then it is often labeled \"transformational\", \"post-liberal\", or \"post-Marxist\".", "Mark Satin __knowledge__ One historian calls Satin's writing \"post-hip\".", "Mark Satin __knowledge__ After emigrating to Canada at the age of 20 to avoid serving in the Vietnam War, Satin co-founded the Toronto Anti-Draft Programme, which helped bring American war resisters to Canada.", "Christmas lights __knowledge__ Christmas lights (also known as fairy lights) are lights used for decoration in celebration of Christmas, often on display throughout the Christmas season including Advent and Christmastide.", "Christmas lights __knowledge__ The custom goes back to when Christmas trees were decorated with candles, which symbolized Christ being the light of the world; these were brought by Christians into their homes in early modern Germany.", "Christmas lights __knowledge__ Christmas trees displayed publicly and illuminated with electric lights became popular in the early 20th century.", "Christmas lights __knowledge__ By the mid-20th century, it became customary to display strings of electric lights as along streets and on buildings; Christmas decorations detached from the Christmas tree itself.", "United States elections, 2006 __knowledge__ The 2006 United States elections were held on Tuesday, November 7, 2006 in the middle of Republican President George W. Bush's second term.", "United States elections, 2006 __knowledge__ All United States House of Representatives seats and one third of the United States Senate seats were contested in this election, as well as 36 state and two territorial governorships, many state legislatures, four territorial legislatures and many state and local races.", "United States elections, 2006 __knowledge__ The election resulted in a sweeping victory for the Democratic Party which captured control of the House of Representatives, the Senate, and won a majority of governorships and state legislatures from the Republican Party.", "Language __knowledge__ Language is a system that consists of the development, acquisition, maintenance and use of complex systems of communication, particularly the human ability to do so; and a language is any specific example of such a system.", "Language __knowledge__ The scientific study of language is called linguistics.", "Language __knowledge__ Questions concerning the philosophy of language, such as whether words can represent experience, have been debated at least since Gorgias and Plato in ancient Greece.", "Language __knowledge__ Thinkers such as Rousseau have argued that language originated from emotions while others like Kant have held that it originated from rational and logical thought.", "Notary public __knowledge__ A notary public (or notary or public notary) of the common law is a public officer constituted by law to serve the public in non-contentious matters usually concerned with estates, deeds, powers-of-attorney, and foreign and international business.", "Notary public __knowledge__ A notary's main functions are to administer oaths and affirmations, take affidavits and statutory declarations, witness and authenticate the execution of certain classes of documents, take acknowledgments of deeds and other conveyances, protest notes and bills of exchange, provide notice of foreign drafts, prepare marine or ship's protests in cases of damage, provide exemplifications and notarial copies, and perform certain other official acts depending on the jurisdiction.", "Deutsches Sprachdiplom Stufe I and II __knowledge__ The (\"engl.", "Deutsches Sprachdiplom Stufe I and II __knowledge__ : German Language Certificate of the Education Ministers Conference\") is an official German language certificate of the German education authorities and the Foreign Office (Germany) certifying levels of knowledge of the German language in schools worldwide.", "Deutsches Sprachdiplom Stufe I and II __knowledge__ The program, originally intended to stimulate interest in German has run since 1973 and, different from the equivalent certificates of the Goethe Institute, is meant for students at officially recognized schools abroad, either Diploma schools or German Schools Abroad (Deutsche Auslandsschulen).", "Deutsches Sprachdiplom Stufe I and II __knowledge__ The program prepares the participants for a study in Germany in matters of language and cultural issues." ] ]

[ 0, 1, 2, 5, 0 ]

[ "My father was a lawyer.", "A lawyer can be person who practices law, as a paralegal, advocate, barrister, attorney, counselor, solicitor, or chartered legal executive. Which one are you talking about?", "Being a attorney require a lot of work, Itinvolves the practical application of abstract legal theories and knowledge to solve specific individualized problems, or to advance the interests of those who hire lawyers to perform legal services.", "The meaning of lawyer vary from a county to another.", "I didn't know that." ]

[ "Lawyer", "Lawyer", "Lawyer", "Lawyer", "Lawyer" ]

[ "Grateful Dead\nI was raised by a couple of Grateful Dead fans, and I used to follow them on tour when I was younger", "It was fun hanging out with the Deadheads, which are the name of Greatful Dead superfans", "Jerry Garcia was a musical genius. Too bad he had all of the health issues, otherwise he might still be playing today", "And the inspiration for one of Ben and Jerry's most popular flavors, Cherry Garcia", "They are great, I really enjoy their different varieties. " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The Grateful Dead was an American rock band formed in 1965 in Palo Alto, California.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ Ranging from quintet to septet, the band is known for its unique and eclectic style, which fused elements of rock, psychedelia, experimental music, modal jazz, country, folk, bluegrass, blues, reggae, and space rock, for live performances of lengthy instrumental jams, and for their devoted fan base, known as \"Deadheads\".", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ \"Their music,\" writes Lenny Kaye, \"touches on ground that most other groups don't even know exists.\"", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ These various influences were distilled into a diverse and psychedelic whole that made the Grateful Dead \"the pioneering Godfathers of the jam band world\".", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The band was ranked 57th by \"Rolling Stone\" magazine in its The Greatest Artists of All Time issue.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The band was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1994 and a recording of their May 8, 1977, performance at Cornell University's Barton Hall was added to the National Recording Registry of the Library of Congress in 2012.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The Grateful Dead have sold more than 35 million albums worldwide.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The Grateful Dead was founded in the San Francisco Bay Area amid the rise of the counterculture of the 1960s.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The founding members were Jerry Garcia (lead guitar, vocals), Bob Weir (rhythm guitar, vocals), Ron \"Pigpen\" McKernan (keyboards, harmonica, vocals), Phil Lesh (bass, vocals), and Bill Kreutzmann (drums).", "Bruce Hornsby __knowledge__ Bruce Randall Hornsby (born November 23, 1954) is an American singer and pianist.", "Bruce Hornsby __knowledge__ Hornsby draws frequently from classical, jazz, bluegrass, folk, Motown, gospel, rock, blues, and jam band musical traditions.", "Bruce Hornsby __knowledge__ Hornsby's recordings have been recognized on a number of occasions with industry awards, including the 1987 Grammy Award for Best New Artist with Bruce Hornsby and the Range, the 1990 Grammy Award for Best Bluegrass Album, and the 1994 Grammy Award for Best Pop Instrumental Performance.", "Bruce Hornsby __knowledge__ Hornsby has also achieved recognition for his solo albums and performances, his touring band Bruce Hornsby and the Noisemakers, his bluegrass project with Ricky Skaggs and his appearances as a session and guest musician.", "Jam band __knowledge__ A jam band is a musical group whose live albums and concerts relate to a unique fan culture that began in the 1960s with the Grateful Dead, and continued with The Allman Brothers Band, which had lengthy jams at concerts.", "Jam band __knowledge__ The performances of these bands typically feature extended musical improvisation (\"jams\") over rhythmic grooves and chord patterns, and long sets of music that can often cross genre boundaries.", "Jam band __knowledge__ The Grateful Dead continued to grow their fanbase in the second half of the 1980s.", "Jam band __knowledge__ In the mid-1980s, the bands Phish, Edie Brickell & New Bohemians, Blues Traveler, Ozric Tentacles, Widespread Panic, Bela Fleck and the Flecktones, Spin Doctors, Col Bruce Hampton and Aquarium Rescue Unit, began touring with jam band-style concerts.", "Jerry Garcia __knowledge__ Jerome John Garcia (August 1, 1942 – August 9, 1995) was an American singer-songwriter and guitarist, best known for his work as the lead guitarist and as a vocalist with the band the Grateful Dead, which came to prominence during the counterculture era in the 1960s.", "Jerry Garcia __knowledge__ Although he disavowed the role, Garcia was viewed by many as the leader or \"spokesman\" of the group.", "Jerry Garcia __knowledge__ One of its founders, Garcia performed with the Grateful Dead for their entire thirty-year career (1965–1995).", "Jerry Garcia __knowledge__ Garcia also founded and participated in a variety of side projects, including the Saunders–Garcia Band (with longtime friend Merl Saunders), the Jerry Garcia Band, Old and in the Way, the Garcia/Grisman acoustic duo, Legion of Mary, and the New Riders of the Purple Sage (which Garcia co-founded with John Dawson and David Nelson).", "Europe '72 Volume 2 __knowledge__ Europe '72 Volume 2 is a live album by the rock band the Grateful Dead.", "Europe '72 Volume 2 __knowledge__ It is a two-CD set which features 20 tracks from the band's Spring 1972 tour of Europe.", "Europe '72 Volume 2 __knowledge__ As such, it represents a belated sequel to the band's original three-LP 1972 release, \"Europe '72\".", "Europe '72 Volume 2 __knowledge__ Around the time of the production of the massive \"\" box set in 2011, Grateful Dead archivist David Lemieux was charged with the task of developing this follow-up compilation, nearly four decades later, without repeating any of the songs that appeared on \"Europe '72\".", "Europe '72 Volume 2 __knowledge__ As with the box set, all of the music for this CD was remastered from the original 16-track tapes and encoded with HDCD specifications.", "Deadhead __knowledge__ Deadhead or Dead Head is a name given to fans of the American psychedelic rock band the Grateful Dead.", "Deadhead __knowledge__ In the 1970s, a number of fans began travelling to see the band in as many shows or festival venues as they could.", "Deadhead __knowledge__ With large numbers of people thus attending strings of shows, a community developed.", "Deadhead __knowledge__ Deadheads developed their own idioms and slang.", "Deadhead __knowledge__ Much Deadhead-related historical material received or collected by the band over the years is housed in the Grateful Dead Archive of UC-Santa Cruz.", "Deadhead __knowledge__ Archive curator Nicholas Meriwether, who has also written extensively about the culture and its impact on society, states \"The Grateful Dead archive is going to end up being a critical way for us to approach and understand the 1960s and the counterculture of the era...It’s also going to tell us a lot about the growth and development of modern rock theater, and it’s helping us understand fan culture.\"", "Bob Weir __knowledge__ Robert Hall \"Bob\" Weir ( ; born October 16, 1947) is an American musician and songwriter best known as a founding member of the rock band Grateful Dead.", "Bob Weir __knowledge__ After the Grateful Dead disbanded in 1995, Weir performed with The Other Ones, later known as The Dead, together with other former members of the Grateful Dead.", "Bob Weir __knowledge__ Weir also founded and played in several other bands during and after his career with the Grateful Dead, including Kingfish, the Bob Weir Band, Bobby and the Midnites, Scaring the Children, RatDog and Furthur, co-led by former Grateful Dead bassist Phil Lesh.", "Bob Weir __knowledge__ In 2015, Weir, along with former Grateful Dead members Mickey Hart and Bill Kreutzmann, joined with Grammy-winning singer/guitarist John Mayer to form the band Dead & Company." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The Grateful Dead was an American rock band formed in 1965 in Palo Alto, California.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ Ranging from quintet to septet, the band is known for its unique and eclectic style, which fused elements of rock, psychedelia, experimental music, modal jazz, country, folk, bluegrass, blues, reggae, and space rock, for live performances of lengthy instrumental jams, and for their devoted fan base, known as \"Deadheads\".", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ \"Their music,\" writes Lenny Kaye, \"touches on ground that most other groups don't even know exists.\"", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ These various influences were distilled into a diverse and psychedelic whole that made the Grateful Dead \"the pioneering Godfathers of the jam band world\".", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The band was ranked 57th by \"Rolling Stone\" magazine in its The Greatest Artists of All Time issue.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The band was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1994 and a recording of their May 8, 1977, performance at Cornell University's Barton Hall was added to the National Recording Registry of the Library of Congress in 2012.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The Grateful Dead have sold more than 35 million albums worldwide.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The Grateful Dead was founded in the San Francisco Bay Area amid the rise of the counterculture of the 1960s.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The founding members were Jerry Garcia (lead guitar, vocals), Bob Weir (rhythm guitar, vocals), Ron \"Pigpen\" McKernan (keyboards, harmonica, vocals), Phil Lesh (bass, vocals), and Bill Kreutzmann (drums).", "Deadhead __knowledge__ Deadhead or Dead Head is a name given to fans of the American psychedelic rock band the Grateful Dead.", "Deadhead __knowledge__ In the 1970s, a number of fans began travelling to see the band in as many shows or festival venues as they could.", "Deadhead __knowledge__ With large numbers of people thus attending strings of shows, a community developed.", "Deadhead __knowledge__ Deadheads developed their own idioms and slang.", "Deadhead __knowledge__ Much Deadhead-related historical material received or collected by the band over the years is housed in the Grateful Dead Archive of UC-Santa Cruz.", "Deadhead __knowledge__ Archive curator Nicholas Meriwether, who has also written extensively about the culture and its impact on society, states \"The Grateful Dead archive is going to end up being a critical way for us to approach and understand the 1960s and the counterculture of the era...It’s also going to tell us a lot about the growth and development of modern rock theater, and it’s helping us understand fan culture.\"", "Greatful Dead (film) __knowledge__ Greatful Dead AKA \"Gureitofuru Deddo\" is a 2013 Japanese released film, directed by Uchida Eiji.", "Greatful Dead (film) __knowledge__ The film is a black comedy centered around the main character Nami, who murders the elderly.", "Greatful Dead (film) __knowledge__ The film featured in the London Raindance Film Festival Nami, a 20-year-old Japanese woman (played by Takiuchi Kumi), inherits a small fortune.", "Greatful Dead (film) __knowledge__ Largely abandoned by her parents as a child, She spends her time idly spending her money, ordering new appliances and buying clothes.", "Greatful Dead (film) __knowledge__ However, getting bored of this, she starts to develop a range of abnormal activities.", "Greatful Dead (film) __knowledge__ Nami herself, despite being independently wealthy, is lonely and lives an isolated existence.", "&amp; (Ayumi Hamasaki EP) __knowledge__ & is an extended play by Japanese recording artist and songwriter Ayumi Hamasaki.", "&amp; (Ayumi Hamasaki EP) __knowledge__ It was released on 9 July 2003, by record label Avex Trax.", "&amp; (Ayumi Hamasaki EP) __knowledge__ Hamasaki's fourth extended play, \"&\" consists of four recordings; \"Ourselves\", \"Greatful Days\", \"Hanabi: Episode II\", and \"Theme of A-Nation 03\", with three additional instrumentals of the first three tracks.", "&amp; (Ayumi Hamasaki EP) __knowledge__ It was released in two different formats; a stand-alone CD, and a digital EP.", "&amp; (Ayumi Hamasaki EP) __knowledge__ The artwork for the EP depicts Hamasaki posing in front of a cloudy backdrop, with the title of the work superimposed over her hair.", "&amp; (Ayumi Hamasaki EP) __knowledge__ \"&\" contains predominantly J-pop and dance music.", "Bill Swerski's Superfans __knowledge__ \"Bill Swerski's Superfans\" was a recurring sketch about Chicago sports fans on the American sketch comedy program \"Saturday Night Live\".", "Bill Swerski's Superfans __knowledge__ It was a prominent feature from 1991 to 1992, and its characters have made various other appearances since its inception.", "Bill Swerski's Superfans __knowledge__ The sketch is notable as a media portrayal of the Inland North dialect of English that predominates in Chicago, most famously through the distinctive pronunciation of the phrase \"Da Bears\" (IPA: ).", "Bill Swerski's Superfans __knowledge__ The sketch typically depicts a television program on which a group of Chicago sports fans obsessively discuss any topic at hand, usually the Chicago Bears football team.", "Relix __knowledge__ Relix is a magazine that focusses on the music industry.", "Relix __knowledge__ The magazine was launched in 1974 as a handmade newsletter devoted to connecting people who recorded Grateful Dead concerts.", "Relix __knowledge__ It rapidly expanded into a music magazine covering a wide number of artists.", "Relix __knowledge__ It is the second-longest continuously published music magazine in the United States after \"Rolling Stone\".", "Relix __knowledge__ The magazine is published eight times a year.", "Relix __knowledge__ In 2009, the magazine had a circulation of 102,000.", "Relix __knowledge__ Les Kippel was the founder of the First Free Underground Grateful Dead Tape Exchange in 1971 that recorded and traded live Grateful Dead concert tapes for free.", "Hansel &amp; Gretel: Witch Hunters __knowledge__ Hansel & Gretel: Witch Hunters is a 2013 dark fantasy action horror comedy film written and directed by Tommy Wirkola.", "Hansel &amp; Gretel: Witch Hunters __knowledge__ It is a continuation to the German folklore fairy tale \"Hansel and Gretel\", in which the titular siblings are now grown up and working as a duo of witch exterminators for hire.", "Hansel &amp; Gretel: Witch Hunters __knowledge__ The film stars Jeremy Renner, Gemma Arterton, Famke Janssen, Peter Stormare, Thomas Mann, Pihla Viitala and Derek Mears.", "Hansel &amp; Gretel: Witch Hunters __knowledge__ Originally scheduled for release in March 2012, \"Hansel & Gretel\" was delayed for ten months to accommodate Renner's appearances in \"The Avengers\" and \"The Bourne Legacy\" and to give Wirkola time to shoot a post-credits scene.", "Jam band __knowledge__ A jam band is a musical group whose live albums and concerts relate to a unique fan culture that began in the 1960s with the Grateful Dead, and continued with The Allman Brothers Band, which had lengthy jams at concerts.", "Jam band __knowledge__ The performances of these bands typically feature extended musical improvisation (\"jams\") over rhythmic grooves and chord patterns, and long sets of music that can often cross genre boundaries.", "Jam band __knowledge__ The Grateful Dead continued to grow their fanbase in the second half of the 1980s.", "Jam band __knowledge__ In the mid-1980s, the bands Phish, Edie Brickell & New Bohemians, Blues Traveler, Ozric Tentacles, Widespread Panic, Bela Fleck and the Flecktones, Spin Doctors, Col Bruce Hampton and Aquarium Rescue Unit, began touring with jam band-style concerts.", "Jerry Garcia __knowledge__ Jerome John Garcia (August 1, 1942 – August 9, 1995) was an American singer-songwriter and guitarist, best known for his work as the lead guitarist and as a vocalist with the band the Grateful Dead, which came to prominence during the counterculture era in the 1960s.", "Jerry Garcia __knowledge__ Although he disavowed the role, Garcia was viewed by many as the leader or \"spokesman\" of the group.", "Jerry Garcia __knowledge__ One of its founders, Garcia performed with the Grateful Dead for their entire thirty-year career (1965–1995).", "Jerry Garcia __knowledge__ Garcia also founded and participated in a variety of side projects, including the Saunders–Garcia Band (with longtime friend Merl Saunders), the Jerry Garcia Band, Old and in the Way, the Garcia/Grisman acoustic duo, Legion of Mary, and the New Riders of the Purple Sage (which Garcia co-founded with John Dawson and David Nelson).", "Hippie __knowledge__ A hippie (sometimes spelled hippy) is a member of a counterculture, originally a youth movement that began in the United States during the mid-1960s and spread to other countries around the world.", "Hippie __knowledge__ The word \"hippie\" came from \"hipster\" and used to describe beatniks who moved into New York City's Greenwich Village and San Francisco's Haight-Ashbury district.", "Hippie __knowledge__ The term \"hippie\" first found popularity in San Francisco by Herb Caen, a journalist for the \"San Francisco Chronicle\".", "Hippie __knowledge__ The origins of the terms \"hip\" and \"hep\" are uncertain.", "Hippie __knowledge__ By the 1940s, both had become part of African American jive slang and meant \"sophisticated; currently fashionable; fully up-to-date\".", "Petra (band) __knowledge__ Petra is a music group regarded as a pioneer of the Christian rock and contemporary Christian music genres.", "Petra (band) __knowledge__ Formed in 1972, the band took its name from the Greek word for \"rock\".", "Petra (band) __knowledge__ Though it disbanded formally in 2006, incarnations have played reunion shows in the years since and released an album in November 2010.", "Petra (band) __knowledge__ In 2013, it reformed with a new drummer, Cristian Borneo, and recorded a new song titled \"Holy is Your Name\", before going back on tour.", "Petra (band) __knowledge__ With a style initially similar to The Eagles and Lynyrd Skynyrd, Petra's sound evolved into a more energetic, driving rock sound in the early 1980s akin to Foreigner, Styx and Journey.", "Warner Bros. Records __knowledge__ Warner Bros. Records Inc. is an American major record label established in 1958 as the foundation label of the present-day Warner Music Group (WMG), and now operates as a wholly owned subsidiary of that corporation.", "Warner Bros. Records __knowledge__ Warner Bros. Records was established on March 19, 1958, as the recorded-music division of the American film studio Warner Bros.. For most of its early existence it was one of a group of labels owned and operated by larger parent corporations.", "Warner Bros. Records __knowledge__ The sequence of companies that controlled Warner Bros. and its allied labels evolved through a convoluted series of corporate mergers and acquisitions from the early 1960s to the early 2000s." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The Grateful Dead was an American rock band formed in 1965 in Palo Alto, California.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ Ranging from quintet to septet, the band is known for its unique and eclectic style, which fused elements of rock, psychedelia, experimental music, modal jazz, country, folk, bluegrass, blues, reggae, and space rock, for live performances of lengthy instrumental jams, and for their devoted fan base, known as \"Deadheads\".", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ \"Their music,\" writes Lenny Kaye, \"touches on ground that most other groups don't even know exists.\"", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ These various influences were distilled into a diverse and psychedelic whole that made the Grateful Dead \"the pioneering Godfathers of the jam band world\".", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The band was ranked 57th by \"Rolling Stone\" magazine in its The Greatest Artists of All Time issue.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The band was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1994 and a recording of their May 8, 1977, performance at Cornell University's Barton Hall was added to the National Recording Registry of the Library of Congress in 2012.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The Grateful Dead have sold more than 35 million albums worldwide.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The Grateful Dead was founded in the San Francisco Bay Area amid the rise of the counterculture of the 1960s.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The founding members were Jerry Garcia (lead guitar, vocals), Bob Weir (rhythm guitar, vocals), Ron \"Pigpen\" McKernan (keyboards, harmonica, vocals), Phil Lesh (bass, vocals), and Bill Kreutzmann (drums).", "Jerry Garcia __knowledge__ Jerome John Garcia (August 1, 1942 – August 9, 1995) was an American singer-songwriter and guitarist, best known for his work as the lead guitarist and as a vocalist with the band the Grateful Dead, which came to prominence during the counterculture era in the 1960s.", "Jerry Garcia __knowledge__ Although he disavowed the role, Garcia was viewed by many as the leader or \"spokesman\" of the group.", "Jerry Garcia __knowledge__ One of its founders, Garcia performed with the Grateful Dead for their entire thirty-year career (1965–1995).", "Jerry Garcia __knowledge__ Garcia also founded and participated in a variety of side projects, including the Saunders–Garcia Band (with longtime friend Merl Saunders), the Jerry Garcia Band, Old and in the Way, the Garcia/Grisman acoustic duo, Legion of Mary, and the New Riders of the Purple Sage (which Garcia co-founded with John Dawson and David Nelson).", "Pure Jerry: Lunt-Fontanne, New York City, The Best of the Rest, October 15–30, 1987 __knowledge__ Pure Jerry: Lunt-Fontanne, New York City, The Best of the Rest, October 15–30, 1987 is a three-CD live album by Jerry Garcia.", "Pure Jerry: Lunt-Fontanne, New York City, The Best of the Rest, October 15–30, 1987 __knowledge__ It features performances by both the Jerry Garcia Band and the Jerry Garcia Acoustic Band.", "Pure Jerry: Lunt-Fontanne, New York City, The Best of the Rest, October 15–30, 1987 __knowledge__ It contains selections from a series of 18 concerts performed at the Lunt-Fontanne Theatre in New York City in October 1987.", "Pure Jerry: Lunt-Fontanne, New York City, The Best of the Rest, October 15–30, 1987 __knowledge__ The third in the \"Pure Jerry\" series of archival concert albums, it was released in November 2004.", "Pure Jerry: Lunt-Fontanne, New York City, The Best of the Rest, October 15–30, 1987 __knowledge__ The Jerry Garcia Band was Jerry Garcia's main side project from 1975 to 1995 when he was not playing with the Grateful Dead.", "Pure Jerry: Lunt-Fontanne, New York City, The Best of the Rest, October 15–30, 1987 __knowledge__ Reflecting Garcia's wide-ranging musical interests, they played an eclectic mix of rock and rhythm and blues.", "Jerry Garcia Band __knowledge__ The Jerry Garcia Band was a San Francisco Bay Area rock band led by Jerry Garcia of the Grateful Dead.", "Jerry Garcia Band __knowledge__ Garcia founded the band in 1975; it remained the most important of his various side projects until his death in 1995.", "Jerry Garcia Band __knowledge__ The band regularly toured and recorded sporadically throughout its twenty-year existence, generally, but not always, during breaks in the Grateful Dead's schedule.", "Jerry Garcia Band __knowledge__ Over the years, the lineup of the Jerry Garcia Band changed many times.", "Jerry Garcia Band __knowledge__ The one constant member besides Garcia himself was bassist John Kahn, who served as Garcia's principal musical collaborator outside of the Grateful Dead after 1970.", "Pure Jerry: Lunt-Fontanne, New York City, October 31, 1987 __knowledge__ Pure Jerry: Lunt-Fontanne, New York City, October 31, 1987 is a four-CD live album by Jerry Garcia.", "Pure Jerry: Lunt-Fontanne, New York City, October 31, 1987 __knowledge__ It features performances by both the Jerry Garcia Band and the Jerry Garcia Acoustic Band.", "Pure Jerry: Lunt-Fontanne, New York City, October 31, 1987 __knowledge__ It contains two complete concerts, both recorded at the Lunt-Fontanne Theatre in New York City on October 31, 1987.", "Pure Jerry: Lunt-Fontanne, New York City, October 31, 1987 __knowledge__ The second in the \"Pure Jerry\" series of archival concert albums, it was released in November 2004.", "Pure Jerry: Lunt-Fontanne, New York City, October 31, 1987 __knowledge__ The Jerry Garcia Band was Jerry Garcia's main side project from 1975 to 1995 when he was not on tour with the Grateful Dead.", "Pure Jerry: Lunt-Fontanne, New York City, October 31, 1987 __knowledge__ The group had an evolving lineup that included Melvin Seals on keyboards starting in late 1980, and John Kahn on bass for the band's entire existence.", "Let It Rock: The Jerry Garcia Collection, Vol. 2 __knowledge__ Let It Rock: The Jerry Garcia Collection, Vol.", "Let It Rock: The Jerry Garcia Collection, Vol. 2 __knowledge__ 2 is an album by the Jerry Garcia Band.", "Let It Rock: The Jerry Garcia Collection, Vol. 2 __knowledge__ It was recorded live at the Keystone in Berkeley, California, on November 17 and 18, 1975.", "Let It Rock: The Jerry Garcia Collection, Vol. 2 __knowledge__ It was released by Rhino Records as a two-disc CD on November 10, 2009.", "Let It Rock: The Jerry Garcia Collection, Vol. 2 __knowledge__ From 1975 to 1995, the Jerry Garcia Band was the main musical side project of Jerry Garcia of the Grateful Dead.", "Let It Rock: The Jerry Garcia Collection, Vol. 2 __knowledge__ The band underwent many personnel changes over the years.", "Let It Rock: The Jerry Garcia Collection, Vol. 2 __knowledge__ \"Let It Rock\" features the original lineup of the Jerry Garcia Band, which lasted from August through December 1975 — Garcia on guitar and vocals, Nicky Hopkins on piano, John Kahn on bass, and Ron Tutt on drums.", "Bruce Hornsby __knowledge__ Bruce Randall Hornsby (born November 23, 1954) is an American singer and pianist.", "Bruce Hornsby __knowledge__ Hornsby draws frequently from classical, jazz, bluegrass, folk, Motown, gospel, rock, blues, and jam band musical traditions.", "Bruce Hornsby __knowledge__ Hornsby's recordings have been recognized on a number of occasions with industry awards, including the 1987 Grammy Award for Best New Artist with Bruce Hornsby and the Range, the 1990 Grammy Award for Best Bluegrass Album, and the 1994 Grammy Award for Best Pop Instrumental Performance.", "Bruce Hornsby __knowledge__ Hornsby has also achieved recognition for his solo albums and performances, his touring band Bruce Hornsby and the Noisemakers, his bluegrass project with Ricky Skaggs and his appearances as a session and guest musician.", "Sergeant Deadhead __knowledge__ Sergeant Deadhead is a 1965 musical comedy film directed by Norman Taurog and starring Frankie Avalon.", "Sergeant Deadhead __knowledge__ It features many cast members who appeared in the \"Beach Party\" movies.", "Sergeant Deadhead __knowledge__ Sergeant Deadhead is a bumbling soldier who is sent to the guardhouse for blowing up a model rocket on the parade ground of the air base where he is stationed.", "Sergeant Deadhead __knowledge__ His fiancée, Airman Lucy Turner despairs of ever marrying him because of him being constantly disciplined for his antics.", "Sergeant Deadhead __knowledge__ She is worried that she will have to marry him while he is in the guardhouse.", "Sergeant Deadhead __knowledge__ Together with Private McEvoy, Sergeant Deadhead escapes from the guardhouse.", "Deadhead __knowledge__ Deadhead or Dead Head is a name given to fans of the American psychedelic rock band the Grateful Dead.", "Deadhead __knowledge__ In the 1970s, a number of fans began travelling to see the band in as many shows or festival venues as they could.", "Deadhead __knowledge__ With large numbers of people thus attending strings of shows, a community developed.", "Deadhead __knowledge__ Deadheads developed their own idioms and slang.", "Deadhead __knowledge__ Much Deadhead-related historical material received or collected by the band over the years is housed in the Grateful Dead Archive of UC-Santa Cruz.", "Deadhead __knowledge__ Archive curator Nicholas Meriwether, who has also written extensively about the culture and its impact on society, states \"The Grateful Dead archive is going to end up being a critical way for us to approach and understand the 1960s and the counterculture of the era...It’s also going to tell us a lot about the growth and development of modern rock theater, and it’s helping us understand fan culture.\"", "Goodluck Nanah Opiah __knowledge__ Rt.", "Goodluck Nanah Opiah __knowledge__ Hon.", "Goodluck Nanah Opiah __knowledge__ Chief Goodluck Nanah Opiah (born 12 February 1964) also known as Ugwumba Ikeoha is a Nigerian Politician, ex-Speaker of the Imo State House of Assembly, Nigeria.", "Goodluck Nanah Opiah __knowledge__ and member representing Ohaji/Egbema, Oguta, Oru West in the Federal House of Representative.", "Goodluck Nanah Opiah __knowledge__ He represented Ohaji/Egbema constituency in the Imo House of Assembly from 2003 to 2011.", "Goodluck Nanah Opiah __knowledge__ He is of the People's Democratic Party (PDP).", "Goodluck Nanah Opiah __knowledge__ Goodluck Nanah Opiah is from Abacheke Egbema of the Ohaji/Egbema Local Government Area of Imo State in Nigeria.", "Goodluck Nanah Opiah __knowledge__ He started his primary school at Abacheke Primary School Egbema.", "Goodluck Nanah Opiah __knowledge__ In 1977, he was admitted into Egbema Secondary School, where he obtained the West African School Certificatein 1982 and later proceeded to the Rivers State University of Science and Technology (RSUST) in Port Harcourt, wherein he received a Bachelor of Science (Hons.)", "Salvation Boulevard __knowledge__ Salvation Boulevard is a 2011 comedy-drama-thriller-action film with religious satire undertones directed by George Ratliff and starring Pierce Brosnan, Jennifer Connelly, Ed Harris, Greg Kinnear, Marisa Tomei, and Jim Gaffigan.", "Salvation Boulevard __knowledge__ It is based on the novel of the same name by Larry Beinhart.", "Salvation Boulevard __knowledge__ While discussing a new book idea, a modern-day evangelical Pastor, Dan Day (Brosnan), accidentally shoots atheist Dr. Paul Blaylock (Harris) in the head.", "Salvation Boulevard __knowledge__ Pastor Day tries to make it look like a suicide, fearing the damage to his reputation if word were to get out.", "Salvation Boulevard __knowledge__ However, reborn church-goer and ex-deadhead Carl (Kinnear) witnesses the act.", "Guess (clothing) __knowledge__ Guess (styled as GUESS or Guess?)", "Guess (clothing) __knowledge__ is an American clothing brand and retailer.", "Guess (clothing) __knowledge__ In addition to clothing for both men and women, Guess markets other fashion accessories such as watches, jewelry, perfumes, and shoes.", "Guess (clothing) __knowledge__ Guess began in 1981 as a book of styles by Georges Marciano.", "Guess (clothing) __knowledge__ Maurice, Georges brother, was first sought by Georges to help with product development.", "Guess (clothing) __knowledge__ Armand and Paul, also Georges' brothers, were in charge of distribution and advertising, respectively.", "Guess (clothing) __knowledge__ Armand ran distribution.", "Guess (clothing) __knowledge__ Paul created the advertising, all of it in-house.", "Guess (clothing) __knowledge__ Georges designed the clothes, burnishing Guess' signature style: stonewashed denim, lighter in color, softer and more form-fitting than the competitors.", "Jody McCrea __knowledge__ Joel Dee \"Jody\" McCrea (September 6, 1934 – April 4, 2009), was an American film and television actor; son of veteran film actors Joel McCrea and Frances Dee.", "Jody McCrea __knowledge__ McCrea went to school in Santa Rosa and at New Mexico Military Institute.", "Jody McCrea __knowledge__ He studied drama at UCLA and served in the United States Army, Special Services.", "Jody McCrea __knowledge__ McCrea had small roles in his father's films \"Wichita\" (1955).", "Jody McCrea __knowledge__ He was also in \"Lucy Gallant\" (1955).", "Jody McCrea __knowledge__ While still at UCLA he had the lead role in \"Johnny Moccasin\" (1956), a half hour film made for television by Laslo Benedek as a while boy raised by Indians after a massacre.", "Jody McCrea __knowledge__ McCrea followed this with a good support role in feature starring his father \"The First Texan\" (1956).", "Beach party film __knowledge__ Beach party movies were an American subgenre of feature films produced and released between 1963 and 1968, created by American International Pictures (AIP), beginning with their surprise hit, \"Beach Party\" in July 1963.", "Beach party film __knowledge__ With this film, AIP is credited with creating the genre.", "Beach party film __knowledge__ In addition to the AIP films, several contributions to the genre were produced and released by major and independent studios alike.", "Beach party film __knowledge__ According to various sources, the genre comprises over 30 films, with the lower-budget AIP films being the most profitable.", "Beach party film __knowledge__ Generally comedies, the core elements of the AIP films consisted of a group of teenage and/or college-age characters as heroes; non-parental adult characters as villains and/or comic relief; simple, silly storylines that avoided any sober social consciousness; teen trends and interests (such as dancing, surfing, drag racing, custom cars, etc." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The Grateful Dead was an American rock band formed in 1965 in Palo Alto, California.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ Ranging from quintet to septet, the band is known for its unique and eclectic style, which fused elements of rock, psychedelia, experimental music, modal jazz, country, folk, bluegrass, blues, reggae, and space rock, for live performances of lengthy instrumental jams, and for their devoted fan base, known as \"Deadheads\".", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ \"Their music,\" writes Lenny Kaye, \"touches on ground that most other groups don't even know exists.\"", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ These various influences were distilled into a diverse and psychedelic whole that made the Grateful Dead \"the pioneering Godfathers of the jam band world\".", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The band was ranked 57th by \"Rolling Stone\" magazine in its The Greatest Artists of All Time issue.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The band was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1994 and a recording of their May 8, 1977, performance at Cornell University's Barton Hall was added to the National Recording Registry of the Library of Congress in 2012.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The Grateful Dead have sold more than 35 million albums worldwide.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The Grateful Dead was founded in the San Francisco Bay Area amid the rise of the counterculture of the 1960s.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The founding members were Jerry Garcia (lead guitar, vocals), Bob Weir (rhythm guitar, vocals), Ron \"Pigpen\" McKernan (keyboards, harmonica, vocals), Phil Lesh (bass, vocals), and Bill Kreutzmann (drums).", "Jerry Garcia __knowledge__ Jerome John Garcia (August 1, 1942 – August 9, 1995) was an American singer-songwriter and guitarist, best known for his work as the lead guitarist and as a vocalist with the band the Grateful Dead, which came to prominence during the counterculture era in the 1960s.", "Jerry Garcia __knowledge__ Although he disavowed the role, Garcia was viewed by many as the leader or \"spokesman\" of the group.", "Jerry Garcia __knowledge__ One of its founders, Garcia performed with the Grateful Dead for their entire thirty-year career (1965–1995).", "Jerry Garcia __knowledge__ Garcia also founded and participated in a variety of side projects, including the Saunders–Garcia Band (with longtime friend Merl Saunders), the Jerry Garcia Band, Old and in the Way, the Garcia/Grisman acoustic duo, Legion of Mary, and the New Riders of the Purple Sage (which Garcia co-founded with John Dawson and David Nelson).", "Instant noodle __knowledge__ Instant noodles are sold in a precooked and dried noodle block, with flavoring powder and/or seasoning oil.", "Instant noodle __knowledge__ The flavoring is usually in a separate packet, although in the case of cup noodles the flavoring is often loose in the cup.", "Instant noodle __knowledge__ Some instant noodle products are seal packed; these can be reheated or eaten straight from the packet/container.", "Instant noodle __knowledge__ Dried noodle blocks are cooked or soaked in boiling water before eating.", "Instant noodle __knowledge__ The main ingredients used in dried noodles are usually wheat flour, palm oil, and salt.", "Instant noodle __knowledge__ Common ingredients in the flavoring powder are salt, monosodium glutamate, seasoning, and sugar.", "Cherry ice cream __knowledge__ Cherry ice cream is a common ice cream flavor, prepared using typical ice cream ingredients and cherries.", "Cherry ice cream __knowledge__ Various types of cherries and cherry cultivars are used.", "Cherry ice cream __knowledge__ In the United States, where the flavor is especially popular, it has been mass-produced since at least 1917.", "Cherry ice cream __knowledge__ Cherry ice cream is a common ice cream flavor in the United States consisting of typical ice cream ingredients and cherries.", "Cherry ice cream __knowledge__ Whole or sliced or chopped cherries are used, and cherry juice or cherry juice concentrate is sometimes used as an ingredient.", "Cherry ice cream __knowledge__ Cherry extract and cherry pit oil have also been used as ingredients.", "Cherry ice cream __knowledge__ Various cherry cultivars are used, such as black cherries, bing cherries and sour cherry cultivars.", "Ben &amp; Jerry's __knowledge__ Ben & Jerry's Homemade Holdings Inc, trading and commonly known as Ben & Jerry's, is an American company that manufactures ice cream, frozen yogurt, and sorbet.", "Ben &amp; Jerry's __knowledge__ It was founded in 1978 in Burlington, Vermont, and sold in 2000 to Anglo-Dutch conglomerate Unilever.", "Ben &amp; Jerry's __knowledge__ Today it operates globally as a fully owned subsidiary of Unilever.", "Ben &amp; Jerry's __knowledge__ Its present-day headquarters is in South Burlington, Vermont, with its main factory in Waterbury, Vermont.", "Ben &amp; Jerry's __knowledge__ Ben Cohen and Jerry Greenfield were childhood friends from New York.", "Ben &amp; Jerry's __knowledge__ While Greenfield finished college, he found himself unable to make his way into medical school.", "Jones Soda __knowledge__ Jones Soda Co. is a beverage company based in Pioneer Square, Seattle, Washington.", "Jones Soda __knowledge__ It bottles and distributes soft drinks, non-carbonated beverages, energy drinks, and candy.", "Jones Soda __knowledge__ Jones Soda is a carbonated soft drink that has many unusual flavors that are not offered by other soft drink makers.", "Jones Soda __knowledge__ The company was founded by Peter van Stolk in 1986 as a beverage distributor in Western Canada.", "Jones Soda __knowledge__ Until 1995, the company distributed other beverage lines such as AriZona Iced Tea and Thomas Kemper sodas in Western Canada.", "Jones Soda __knowledge__ As the company gained significant knowledge of the beverage industry, it decided to get into the market with alternative beverages as the Urban Juice & Soda Company.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ Mountain Dew (stylized as Mtn Dew) is a carbonated soft drink brand produced and owned by PepsiCo.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ The original formula was invented in 1940 by Tennessee beverage bottlers Barney and Ally Hartman.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ A revised formula was created by Bill Bridgforth in 1958.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ The rights to this formula were obtained by the Tip Corporation of Marion, Virginia.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ William H. \"Bill\" Jones of the Tip corporation further refined the formula, launching that version of Mountain Dew in 1961.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ In August 1964, the Mountain Dew brand and production rights were acquired from Tip by the Pepsi-Cola company, at which point distribution expanded more widely across the United States and Canada.", "Christopher Sabec __knowledge__ Christopher Sabec is an entertainment attorney, manager, and entrepreneur who has worked with Dave Matthews Band, Hanson, the Jerry Garcia Estate and Tea Leaf Green.", "Christopher Sabec __knowledge__ Sabec is also the co-founder and CEO of Rightscorp, Inc., the copyright monetization company.", "Christopher Sabec __knowledge__ After graduating from University of Georgia School of Law in Athens, Georgia in 1992, Sabec moved to Richmond, VA and was introduced to Dave Matthews.", "Christopher Sabec __knowledge__ Later, as music attorney for Dave Mathews, Sabec assisted in negotiating Matthews' first recording contract with RCA Records and in setting up his music publishing company, Colden Grey.", "Christopher Sabec __knowledge__ In 2009, Pollstar stated that Dave Matthews Band had grossed more than half a billion dollars.", "Love Never Dies (musical) __knowledge__ Love Never Dies is a romantic musical composed by Andrew Lloyd Webber with lyrics by Glenn Slater and a book by Lloyd Webber, Ben Elton, Frederick Forsyth and Slater.", "Love Never Dies (musical) __knowledge__ It is a sequel to the long-running musical \"The Phantom of the Opera\" loosely adapted from the 1999 novel \"The Phantom of Manhattan\", by Forsyth.", "Love Never Dies (musical) __knowledge__ The plot is not based on the storyline in the original book by Gaston Leroux.", "Love Never Dies (musical) __knowledge__ Lloyd Webber stated: \"I don't regard this as a sequel—it's a stand-alone piece.\"", "Love Never Dies (musical) __knowledge__ He later clarified: \"Clearly, it is a sequel, but I really do not believe that you have to have seen \"Phantom of the Opera\" to understand \"Love Never Dies\".\"", "List of BlazBlue characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters in the \"BlazBlue\" series.", "List of BlazBlue characters __knowledge__ is the main protagonist of the \"BlazBlue\" series from \"Calamity Trigger\" to \"Central Fiction\".", "List of BlazBlue characters __knowledge__ Also known as the Grim Reaper, he is feared by the NOL for being the most powerful individual to have ever rebelled against them since the Ikaruga Civil War.", "List of BlazBlue characters __knowledge__ His actions, which included destroying countless number of their branches, have labeled him the most wanted criminal and caused him to receive the largest bounty ever in the history of the NOL.", "List of BlazBlue characters __knowledge__ He possesses a powerful form of \"ars magus\" called the Azure Grimoire, or simply referred to as the titular \"BlazBlue\", which is often either the secondary or primary target of those after him and his bounty.", "BlazBlue: Chrono Phantasma __knowledge__ BlazBlue: Chrono Phantasma, released in Japan as , is a 2-D fighting game developed by Arc System Works.", "BlazBlue: Chrono Phantasma __knowledge__ It is the third game of the Blazblue series, set after the events of \"\".", "BlazBlue: Chrono Phantasma __knowledge__ The game was originally to be released first as an arcade game in the early fourth quarter of 2012, which was later pushed forward to November 2012.", "BlazBlue: Chrono Phantasma __knowledge__ A PlayStation 3 version of the game was released in Japan on October 24, 2013, while it was released in the United States on March 25, 2014.", "BlazBlue: Chrono Phantasma __knowledge__ Due to limited hardware and disc space the game was not released on the Xbox 360.", "BlazBlue: Chrono Phantasma __knowledge__ An updated version of the game titled , dubbed as in the Arcade version, was originally released for Arcades in October 2014, and for the PlayStation 3, PlayStation Vita, PlayStation 4, and Xbox One in April 2015.", "Hacken Lee __knowledge__ Hacken Lee Hak-kan (; born 6 December 1967) is a Hong Kong singer, television host and sports commentator, active from the 1980s until today.", "Hacken Lee __knowledge__ In 2013, Lee's song \"House of Cards\" swept multiple awards in many grand award ceremonies, including \"World's Best Song\" and \"Broadcasting Index\" in Metro's Awards.", "Hacken Lee __knowledge__ As of 2013, he has reached 14 times in receiving the \"Outstanding Pop Singer Award\" at RTHK's \"Top Ten Chinese Gold Songs Awards\" and has established an irreplaceable status in the music industry of Hong Kong and Asia.", "Hacken Lee __knowledge__ While Lee was still studying at Hong Kong Wah Yan College, he entered the TVB new talent show along with Alex To, William So, Vivian Chow and Grasshopper, though he was unable to make it into the top 15 finalists.", "Singer-songwriter __knowledge__ Singer-songwriters are musicians who write, compose, and perform their own musical material, including lyrics and melodies.", "Singer-songwriter __knowledge__ The genre began with the folk-acoustic tradition.", "Singer-songwriter __knowledge__ Singer-songwriters often provide the sole accompaniment to an entire composition or song, typically using a guitar or piano.", "Singer-songwriter __knowledge__ \"Singer-songwriter\" is used to define popular music artists who write and perform their own material, which is often self-accompanied generally on acoustic guitar or piano.", "Singer-songwriter __knowledge__ Such an artist performs the roles of composer, lyricist, vocalist, sometimes instrumentalist, and often self-manager.", "Singer-songwriter __knowledge__ According to AllMusic, singer-songwriters' lyrics are often personal but veiled by elaborate metaphors and vague imagery, and their creative concern is to place emphasis on the song rather than their performance of it.", "Sister Rosetta Tharpe __knowledge__ Sister Rosetta Tharpe (March 20, 1915 – October 9, 1973) was an American singer, songwriter, guitarist, and recording artist.", "Sister Rosetta Tharpe __knowledge__ As a pioneer of mid-20th-century music, she attained popularity in the 1930s and 1940s with her gospel recordings, characterized by a unique mixture of spiritual lyrics and rhythmic accompaniment that was a precursor of rock and roll.", "Sister Rosetta Tharpe __knowledge__ She was the first great recording star of gospel music and among the first gospel musicians to appeal to rhythm-and-blues and rock-and-roll audiences, later being referred to as \"the original soul sister\" and \"the Godmother of rock and roll\".", "Women in music __knowledge__ Women in music describes the role of women as composers, songwriters, instrumental performers, singers, conductors, music scholars, music educators, music critics/music journalists and other musical professions.", "Women in music __knowledge__ As well, it describes music movements (e.g., women's music, which is music written and performed by women for women), events and genres related to women, women's issues and feminism.", "Women in music __knowledge__ In the 2010s, while women comprise a significant proportion of popular music and classical music singers, and a significant proportion of songwriters (many of them being singer-songwriters), there are few women record producers, rock critics and rock instrumentalists." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The Grateful Dead was an American rock band formed in 1965 in Palo Alto, California.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ Ranging from quintet to septet, the band is known for its unique and eclectic style, which fused elements of rock, psychedelia, experimental music, modal jazz, country, folk, bluegrass, blues, reggae, and space rock, for live performances of lengthy instrumental jams, and for their devoted fan base, known as \"Deadheads\".", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ \"Their music,\" writes Lenny Kaye, \"touches on ground that most other groups don't even know exists.\"", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ These various influences were distilled into a diverse and psychedelic whole that made the Grateful Dead \"the pioneering Godfathers of the jam band world\".", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The band was ranked 57th by \"Rolling Stone\" magazine in its The Greatest Artists of All Time issue.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The band was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1994 and a recording of their May 8, 1977, performance at Cornell University's Barton Hall was added to the National Recording Registry of the Library of Congress in 2012.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The Grateful Dead have sold more than 35 million albums worldwide.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The Grateful Dead was founded in the San Francisco Bay Area amid the rise of the counterculture of the 1960s.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The founding members were Jerry Garcia (lead guitar, vocals), Bob Weir (rhythm guitar, vocals), Ron \"Pigpen\" McKernan (keyboards, harmonica, vocals), Phil Lesh (bass, vocals), and Bill Kreutzmann (drums).", "Languages of Singapore __knowledge__ According to the Constitution of Singapore, the four official languages of Singapore are English, Mandarin, Malay and Tamil while the symbolic national language is Malay.", "Languages of Singapore __knowledge__ The three languages other than English were chosen to correspond with the major ethnic groups present in Singapore at the time: Mandarin had gained status since the introduction of Chinese-medium schools; Malay was deemed the \"most obvious choice\" for the Malay community; and Tamil for the largest Indian ethnic group in Singapore, in addition to being \"the language with the longest history of education in Malaysia and Singapore\".", "Standard German __knowledge__ Standard German (, , or ) is the standardized variety of the German language used in formal contexts, and for communication between different dialect areas.", "Standard German __knowledge__ It is a pluricentric Dachsprache with three codified (or \"standardized\") specific regional variants: German Standard German, Austrian Standard German, and Swiss Standard German.", "Standard German __knowledge__ Regarding the spelling and punctuation, a recommended standard is published by the Council for German Orthography which represents the governments of all majority and minority German-speaking countries and dependencies.", "Standard German __knowledge__ Adherence is obligatory not for everyday use but for government institutions including schools.", "Chavacano __knowledge__ Chavacano or Chabacano refers to a number of Spanish-based creole language varieties spoken in the Philippines.", "Chavacano __knowledge__ At least six different varieties have been identified by linguists: Zamboangueño (Zamboanga City), Cotabateño (Cotabato City), and Davaoeño Zamboangueño / Castellano Abakay (Davao City) from Mindanao; Ternateño (Ternate, Cavite), and Caviteño (Cavite City) from the coastal settlements of Manila Bay; and Ermiteño (Ermita) in Manila.", "Chavacano __knowledge__ The variety spoken in Zamboanga City, located in the southern Philippine island group of Mindanao, has the highest concentration of speakers.", "Chavacano __knowledge__ Chavacano is the only Spanish-based creole in Asia.", "Tomato __knowledge__ The tomato (see pronunciation) is the edible, often red, fruit of the plant \"Solanum lycopersicum\", commonly known as a tomato plant.", "Tomato __knowledge__ The plant belongs to the nightshade family, \"Solanaceae\".", "Tomato __knowledge__ The species originated in western South America.", "Tomato __knowledge__ The Nahuatl (Aztec language) word \"tomatl\" gave rise to the Spanish word \"tomate\", from which the English word tomato derived.", "Tomato __knowledge__ Its use as a cultivated food may have originated with the indigenous peoples of Peru and Ecuador.", "Tomato __knowledge__ The Spanish discovered the tomato from their contact with the Aztec peoples during the Spanish colonization of the Americas, then brought it to Europe, and, from there, to other parts of the European colonized world during the 16th century.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ Narcissus is a genus of predominantly spring perennial plants in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ Various common names including daffodil, daffadowndilly, narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some members of the genus.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ \"Narcissus\" has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ The flowers are generally white or yellow (also orange or pink in garden varieties), with either uniform or contrasting coloured tepals and corona.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ \"Narcissus\" were well known in ancient civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally described by Linnaeus in his \"Species Plantarum\" (1753).", "World Englishes __knowledge__ World Englishes is a term for emerging localized or indigenized varieties of English, especially varieties that have developed in territories influenced by the United Kingdom or the United States.", "World Englishes __knowledge__ The study of World Englishes consists of identifying varieties of English used in diverse sociolinguistic contexts globally and analyzing how sociolinguistic histories, multicultural backgrounds and contexts of function influence the use of English in different regions of the world.", "World Englishes __knowledge__ The issue of World Englishes was first raised in 1978 to examine concepts of regional Englishes globally.", "World Englishes __knowledge__ Pragmatic factors such as appropriateness, comprehensibility and interpretability justified the use of English as an international and intra-national language.", "Gartons Agricultural Plant Breeders __knowledge__ Dr John Garton, of the firm of Garton Brothers of Newton-le-Willows in the United Kingdom was the Originator of Scientific Farm Plant Breeding.", "Gartons Agricultural Plant Breeders __knowledge__ He is credited as the first scientist to show that the common grain crops and many other plants are self-fertilizing.", "Gartons Agricultural Plant Breeders __knowledge__ He also invented the process of multiple cross-fertilization of crop plants.", "Gartons Agricultural Plant Breeders __knowledge__ In 1898 the business became known as Gartons Limited and, under the inspired commercial leadership of George Peddie Miln, was to become the British Empire's largest plant breeding and seed company.", "Gartons Agricultural Plant Breeders __knowledge__ A public company from the start, its shares were traded on the London Stock Exchange from 1947.", "Ben &amp; Jerry's __knowledge__ Ben & Jerry's Homemade Holdings Inc, trading and commonly known as Ben & Jerry's, is an American company that manufactures ice cream, frozen yogurt, and sorbet.", "Ben &amp; Jerry's __knowledge__ It was founded in 1978 in Burlington, Vermont, and sold in 2000 to Anglo-Dutch conglomerate Unilever.", "Ben &amp; Jerry's __knowledge__ Today it operates globally as a fully owned subsidiary of Unilever.", "Ben &amp; Jerry's __knowledge__ Its present-day headquarters is in South Burlington, Vermont, with its main factory in Waterbury, Vermont.", "Ben &amp; Jerry's __knowledge__ Ben Cohen and Jerry Greenfield were childhood friends from New York.", "Ben &amp; Jerry's __knowledge__ While Greenfield finished college, he found himself unable to make his way into medical school.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Ice cream (derived from earlier iced cream or cream ice) is a sweetened frozen food typically eaten as a snack or dessert.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ It is usually made from dairy products, such as milk and cream, and often combined with fruits or other ingredients and flavors.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ It is typically sweetened with sugar or sugar substitutes.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Typically, flavourings and colourings are added in addition to stabilizers.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ The mixture is stirred to incorporate air spaces and cooled below the freezing point of water to prevent detectable ice crystals from forming.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ The result is a smooth, semi-solid foam that is solid at very low temperatures (< ).", "List of ice cream varieties by country __knowledge__ This article is about the ice cream varieties around the world.", "List of ice cream varieties by country __knowledge__ While industrial ice cream exists in Argentina and can be found in supermarkets, restaurants or kiosks, and ice cream pops are sold on some streets and at the beaches, the most traditional Argentine \"helado\" (ice cream) is very similar to Italian gelato, rather than US-style ice cream, and it has become one of the most popular desserts in the country.", "List of ice cream varieties by country __knowledge__ Among the most famous manufacturers are \"Freddo,\" \"Persicco,\" \"Chungo\", \"Cremolatti\" and \"Munchi's,\" all of them located in Buenos Aires.", "List of ice cream varieties by country __knowledge__ Each city has its own \"heladerías\" (ice cream parlours) which offer different varieties of creamy and water-based ice creams, including both standard and regional flavours.", "Ice cream van __knowledge__ An ice cream van (British) or ice cream truck (American) is a commercial vehicle that serves as a mobile retail outlet for ice cream, usually during the summer.", "Ice cream van __knowledge__ Ice cream vans are often seen parked at public events, or near parks, beaches, or other areas where people congregate.", "Ice cream van __knowledge__ Ice cream vans often travel near where children play — outside schools, in residential areas, or in other locations.", "Ice cream van __knowledge__ They usually stop briefly before moving on to the next street.", "Ice cream van __knowledge__ Ice cream vans are often brightly decorated and carry images of ice cream, or some other adornment, such as cartoon characters.", "Ice cream van __knowledge__ They may have painted-on notices, which can serve a commercial purpose (\"\"Stop me and buy one!\"\")", "Ice cream parlor __knowledge__ Ice cream parlors (or parlours) are restaurants that sell ice cream, gelato, sorbet, and frozen yogurt to consumers.", "Ice cream parlor __knowledge__ Ice cream is typically sold as regular ice cream (also called hard-packed ice cream), gelato, and soft serve, which is usually dispensed by a machine with a limited number of flavors (e.g., chocolate, vanilla, and \"twist\", a mix of the two).", "Ice cream parlor __knowledge__ It is customary for ice cream parlors to offer a number of flavors and items.", "Ice cream parlor __knowledge__ Parlors often serve ice cream and other frozen desserts in cones or in dishes, to be eaten with a spoon.", "Ice cream parlor __knowledge__ Some ice cream parlours prepare ice cream desserts such as sundaes (ice cream topped with syrup, whipped cream and other toppings) or milkshakes.", "Ice cream float __knowledge__ An ice cream float or soda (United States, United Kingdom, Canada, South Africa and East Asia), coke float (United Kingdom), root beer float (United States, Canada) or spider (Australia and New Zealand), is a chilled beverage that consists of ice cream in either a soft drink or in a mixture of flavored syrup and carbonated water.", "Ice cream float __knowledge__ The ice cream float was invented by Robert McCay Green in Philadelphia, PA, in 1874 during the Franklin Institute's semicentennial celebration.", "Ice cream float __knowledge__ The traditional story is that, on a particularly hot day, Mr. Green ran out of cold ice for the flavored drinks he was selling and used vanilla ice cream from a neighboring vendor, thus inventing a new drink.", "Bacon ice cream __knowledge__ Bacon ice cream (or bacon-and-egg ice cream) is an ice cream generally created by adding bacon to egg custard and freezing the mixture.", "Bacon ice cream __knowledge__ The concept of bacon ice cream originated in a 1973 sketch on the British comedy series \"The Two Ronnies\" as a joke; however, it was eventually created for April Fools' Day.", "Bacon ice cream __knowledge__ Heston Blumenthal experimented with the creation of ice cream, making a custard similar to scrambled eggs then adding bacon to create one of his signature dishes.", "Bacon ice cream __knowledge__ It now appears on dessert menus in other restaurants.", "Bacon ice cream __knowledge__ Ice cream is generally expected to be a sweet food, eaten as a dessert, even though there is evidence of savoury ice creams eaten in Victorian times." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 10, 27, 42 ]

[ "I love The Grateful dead. Their one of my favorite rock bands.", "I'm pretty devoted to them. I guess you can call me a Deadhead.", "He's one of my favorite singer and songwriters.", "Haha Now way! Im going to have to get some Ben & Jerry's now. I love their ice cream.", "Its hard to belive that today, you can get Ben & Jerry's globally." ]

[ "Grateful Dead", "Grateful Dead", "Grateful Dead", "Grateful Dead", "Grateful Dead" ]

[ "The New Yorker", "Oh, I never read the New Yorker. I have heard it is very popular with many good articles.", "Yeah, I should check it out sometime. Where is Conde Nast from?", "Oh OK I thought the name might have been French. What other magazines do you like? I like to read Scientific American." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ The New Yorker is an American magazine of reportage, commentary, criticism, essays, fiction, satire, cartoons, and poetry.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ It is published by Condé Nast.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ Started as a weekly in 1925, the magazine is now published 47 times annually, with five of these issues covering two-week spans.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ Although its reviews and events listings often focus on the cultural life of New York City, \"The New Yorker\" has a wide audience outside New York and is read internationally.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ It is well known for its illustrated and often topical covers, its commentaries on popular culture and eccentric Americana, its attention to modern fiction by the inclusion of short stories and literary reviews, its rigorous fact checking and copyediting, its journalism on politics and social issues, and its single-panel cartoons sprinkled throughout each issue.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ \"The New Yorker\" debuted on February 21, 1925.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ It was founded by Harold Ross and his wife, Jane Grant, a \"New York Times\" reporter.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ Ross wanted to create a sophisticated humor magazine that would be different from perceivably \"corny\" humor publications such as \"Judge\", where he had worked, or \"Life\".", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ Ross partnered with entrepreneur Raoul H. Fleischmann (who founded the General Baking Company) to establish the F-R Publishing Company." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ The New Yorker is an American magazine of reportage, commentary, criticism, essays, fiction, satire, cartoons, and poetry.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ It is published by Condé Nast.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ Started as a weekly in 1925, the magazine is now published 47 times annually, with five of these issues covering two-week spans.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ Although its reviews and events listings often focus on the cultural life of New York City, \"The New Yorker\" has a wide audience outside New York and is read internationally.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ It is well known for its illustrated and often topical covers, its commentaries on popular culture and eccentric Americana, its attention to modern fiction by the inclusion of short stories and literary reviews, its rigorous fact checking and copyediting, its journalism on politics and social issues, and its single-panel cartoons sprinkled throughout each issue.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ \"The New Yorker\" debuted on February 21, 1925.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ It was founded by Harold Ross and his wife, Jane Grant, a \"New York Times\" reporter.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ Ross wanted to create a sophisticated humor magazine that would be different from perceivably \"corny\" humor publications such as \"Judge\", where he had worked, or \"Life\".", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ Ross partnered with entrepreneur Raoul H. Fleischmann (who founded the General Baking Company) to establish the F-R Publishing Company.", "Chrysler New Yorker __knowledge__ The Chrysler New Yorker is an automobile model which was produced by Chrysler from 1940 to 1996, serving for several years as the brand's flagship model.", "Chrysler New Yorker __knowledge__ A trim level named the \"New York Special\" first appeared in 1938 and the \"New Yorker\" name debuted in 1939.", "Chrysler New Yorker __knowledge__ Until its discontinuation in 1996, the New Yorker had made its mark as the longest-running American car nameplate.", "Chrysler New Yorker __knowledge__ The New Yorker name helped define the Chrysler brand as a maker of upscale models, priced and equipped above mainstream brands like Ford, Chevrolet/Pontiac, and Dodge/Plymouth, but below full luxury brands like Cadillac, Lincoln and Packard.", "John Updike __knowledge__ John Hoyer Updike (March 18, 1932 – January 27, 2009) was an American novelist, poet, short story writer, art critic, and literary critic.", "John Updike __knowledge__ One of only three writers to win the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction more than once (the others were Booth Tarkington and William Faulkner), Updike published more than twenty novels, more than a dozen short-story collections, as well as poetry, art and literary criticism and children's books during his career.", "John Updike __knowledge__ Hundreds of his stories, reviews, and poems appeared in \"The New Yorker\" starting in 1954.", "John Updike __knowledge__ He also wrote regularly for \"The New York Review of Books\".", "John Updike __knowledge__ His most famous work is his \"Rabbit\" series (the novels \"Rabbit, Run\"; \"Rabbit Redux\"; \"Rabbit Is Rich\"; \"Rabbit at Rest\"; and the novella \"Rabbit Remembered\"), which chronicles the life of the middle-class everyman Harry \"Rabbit\" Angstrom over the course of several decades, from young adulthood to death.", "J. D. Salinger __knowledge__ Jerome David Salinger (; January 1, 1919 January 27, 2010) was an American writer known for his widely-read novel \"The Catcher in the Rye\".", "J. D. Salinger __knowledge__ Following his early success publishing short stories and \"The Catcher in the Rye\", Salinger led a very private life for more than a half-century.", "J. D. Salinger __knowledge__ He published his final original work in 1965 and gave his last interview in 1980.", "J. D. Salinger __knowledge__ Salinger was raised in Manhattan and began writing short stories while in secondary school.", "J. D. Salinger __knowledge__ Several were published in \"Story\" magazine in the early 1940s before he began serving in World War II.", "J. D. Salinger __knowledge__ In 1948, his critically acclaimed story \"A Perfect Day for Bananafish\" appeared in \"The New Yorker\" magazine, which became home to much of his later work.", "Robert Benchley __knowledge__ Robert Charles Benchley (September 15, 1889 – November 21, 1945) was an American humorist best known for his work as a newspaper columnist and film actor.", "Robert Benchley __knowledge__ From his beginnings at \"The Harvard Lampoon\" while attending Harvard University, through his many years writing essays and articles for \"Vanity Fair\" and \"The New Yorker\" and his acclaimed short films, Benchley's style of humor brought him respect and success during his life, from his peers at the Algonquin Round Table in New York City to contemporaries in the burgeoning film industry.", "Robert Benchley __knowledge__ Benchley is best remembered for his contributions to \"The New Yorker\", where his essays, whether topical or absurdist, influenced many modern humorists.", "Chrysler Town &amp; Country (1941–1988) __knowledge__ The Chrysler Town & Country is a station wagon that was manufactured by Chrysler from 1940 to 1942 and from 1945 to 1988 (there was no production during World War II from 1943 to 1945).", "Chrysler Town &amp; Country (1941–1988) __knowledge__ The Town & Country was also available in four-door sedan, two-door hardtop (no \"B\" pillar), and convertible body styles from 1947 to 1950 and from 1983 to 1986.", "Chrysler Town &amp; Country (1941–1988) __knowledge__ The 1988 model year was the last for the Chrysler Town & Country station wagon, after that and partly during one model year (1989), the Town & Country nameplate was off the market until the 1990 model year run when Chrysler re-introduced the Town & Country nameplate as a rebadged variant Chrysler Town & Country minivan.", "Enrico Mattei __knowledge__ Enrico Mattei (April 29, 1906 – October 27, 1962) was an Italian public administrator.", "Enrico Mattei __knowledge__ After World War II he was given the task of dismantling the Italian Petroleum Agency Agip, a state enterprise established by the Fascist regime.", "Enrico Mattei __knowledge__ Instead Mattei enlarged and reorganized it into the National Fuel Trust, \"Ente Nazionale Idrocarburi\" (ENI).", "Enrico Mattei __knowledge__ Under his direction ENI negotiated important oil concessions in the Middle East as well as a significant trade agreement with the Soviet Union which helped break the oligopoly of the 'Seven Sisters' that dominated the mid 20th century oil industry.", "Enrico Mattei __knowledge__ He also introduced the principle whereby the country that owned exploited oil reserves received 75% of the profits.", "Pauline Kael __knowledge__ Pauline Kael (; June 19, 1919 – September 3, 2001) was an American film critic who wrote for \"The New Yorker\" magazine from 1968 to 1991.", "Pauline Kael __knowledge__ Kael was known for her \"witty, biting, highly opinionated and sharply focused\" reviews, her opinions often contrary to those of her contemporaries.", "Pauline Kael __knowledge__ She was one of the most influential American film critics of her day.", "Pauline Kael __knowledge__ She left a lasting impression on many other prominent film critics.", "Pauline Kael __knowledge__ Roger Ebert argued in an obituary that Kael \"had a more positive influence on the climate for film in America than any other single person over the last three decades\".", "Pauline Kael __knowledge__ The critic, he said, \"had no theory, no rules, no guidelines, no objective standards.", "Jonah Lehrer __knowledge__ Jonah Richard Lehrer (born June 25, 1981) is an American author.", "Jonah Lehrer __knowledge__ Lehrer studied neuroscience at Columbia University and was a Rhodes Scholar.", "Jonah Lehrer __knowledge__ Thereafter, he built a media career that integrated science and humanities content to address broad aspects of human behaviour.", "Jonah Lehrer __knowledge__ Between 2007 and 2012 Lehrer published three non-fiction books that became best-sellers, and also wrote regularly for \"The New Yorker\" and \"Wired.com\".", "Jonah Lehrer __knowledge__ Starting in 2012, Lehrer was discovered to have routinely recycled his earlier work, plagiarised widely from colleagues, and misused quotes and facts.", "Jonah Lehrer __knowledge__ His third book, \"Imagine: How Creativity Works\" (2012), began the scrutiny when freelance journalist Michael Moynihan identified multiple fabrications including six quotes attributed to musician Bob Dylan." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ The New Yorker is an American magazine of reportage, commentary, criticism, essays, fiction, satire, cartoons, and poetry.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ It is published by Condé Nast.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ Started as a weekly in 1925, the magazine is now published 47 times annually, with five of these issues covering two-week spans.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ Although its reviews and events listings often focus on the cultural life of New York City, \"The New Yorker\" has a wide audience outside New York and is read internationally.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ It is well known for its illustrated and often topical covers, its commentaries on popular culture and eccentric Americana, its attention to modern fiction by the inclusion of short stories and literary reviews, its rigorous fact checking and copyediting, its journalism on politics and social issues, and its single-panel cartoons sprinkled throughout each issue.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ \"The New Yorker\" debuted on February 21, 1925.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ It was founded by Harold Ross and his wife, Jane Grant, a \"New York Times\" reporter.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ Ross wanted to create a sophisticated humor magazine that would be different from perceivably \"corny\" humor publications such as \"Judge\", where he had worked, or \"Life\".", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ Ross partnered with entrepreneur Raoul H. Fleischmann (who founded the General Baking Company) to establish the F-R Publishing Company.", "Condé Nast __knowledge__ Condé Nast Inc. is an American mass media company founded in 1909 by Condé Montrose Nast, based at One World Trade Center and owned by Advance Publications.", "Condé Nast __knowledge__ The company attracts more than 164 million consumers across its 20 brands and media: \"Allure\", \"Architectural Digest\", \"Ars Technica\", \"Backchannel\", \"Bon Appétit\", \"Brides\", \"Condé Nast Traveler\", \"Epicurious\", \"Glamour\", \"Golf Digest\", \"GQ\", \"Pitchfork\", \"Self\", \"Teen Vogue\", \"The New Yorker\", \"Vanity Fair\", \"Vogue\", \"W\" and \"Wired\".", "Condé Nast __knowledge__ Robert A. Sauerberg Jr. is Condé Nast's chief executive officer and president, Charles H. Townsend is its chairman and the late Samuel Irving Newhouse Jr. was its chairman emeritus.", "Mitchell B. Fox __knowledge__ Mitchell B.", "Mitchell B. Fox __knowledge__ Fox is the former Group President and Publishing Director of Condé Nast Publications.", "Mitchell B. Fox __knowledge__ Fox graduated from the State University of Stony Brook in 1977.", "Mitchell B. Fox __knowledge__ He began his career at The New York Times where he worked for seven years, ultimately as Group Manager, Retail Advertising.", "Mitchell B. Fox __knowledge__ In 1984, Fox left The New York Times to join Bergdorf Goodman as the advertising director.", "Mitchell B. Fox __knowledge__ He was later promoted to Senior Vice President of Sales Promotion at Bergdorf Goodman.", "Mitchell B. Fox __knowledge__ Fox joined Condé Nast in 1989 when he became publisher of Details.", "Mitchell B. Fox __knowledge__ Fox led the fledgling magazine to become the \"Magazine of the Year\" (1994) as noted by AdAge, and twice earned top ten honors (1993 and 1994) on AdWeek Magazine's \"Hot List\".", "Culture+Travel __knowledge__ Culture+Travel (formerly \"Culture & Travel\") is a travel magazine based in New York City, New York.", "Culture+Travel __knowledge__ Published by Louise Blouin Media and founded by former Conde Nast editorial director James Truman, it was launched in 2006 as a bi-monthly print magazine.", "Culture+Travel __knowledge__ It was later incorporated into art and lifestyle media \"Artinfo.com\", and relaunched as an online publication in 2014, providing original articles and travel destination guides.", "Culture+Travel __knowledge__ Print editions of its stories appear in both \"Art+Auction\" and \"Modern Painters\" magazines.", "Culture+Travel __knowledge__ Its main competitors are \"Condé Nast Traveler\" and \"Travel + Leisure\".", "Culture+Travel __knowledge__ The editor-in-chief since 2014 is Robert Michael Poole.", "Joanne Lipman __knowledge__ Joanne Lipman (born June 18, 1961) is Chief Content Officer of publishing company Gannett, and Editor-in-Chief of USA TODAY and the USA TODAY NETWORK, comprising the flagship title plus 109 local media organizations, including the Detroit Free Press, the Des Moines Register and the Arizona Republic.", "Joanne Lipman __knowledge__ The CCO role, a new position, was created to unite Gannett's media properties into the nationwide USA TODAY NETWORK, encompassing the company's 3,000 journalists.", "Joanne Lipman __knowledge__ Lipman is also currently working on a book for publisher William Morrow based on her viral Wall Street Journal article, \"Women at Work: A Guide for Men.\"", "Fashion Rocks __knowledge__ Fashion Rocks is an annual international charity fundraiser event, which features fashions by the world's top designers presented as live performances by popular music acts.", "Fashion Rocks __knowledge__ Fashion Rocks Worldwide is the owner of the intellectual property rights to the Fashion Rocks brand and grants licenses for these live events globally.", "Fashion Rocks __knowledge__ Fashion Rocks Worldwide also operates a content and commerce website at www.fashionrocks.com which launched in August 2014.", "Fashion Rocks __knowledge__ The inaugural Fashion Rocks event was held at the Royal Albert Hall on October 15, 2003.", "Fashion Rocks __knowledge__ Seventeen designers presented that night, including Donatella Versace and Alexander McQueen, with Björk, Jane's Addiction, Beyoncé, Robbie Williams, Grace Jones, Milla Jovovich, Blue and Duran Duran being among the performers.", "Alexandra Penney __knowledge__ Alexandra Penney is an American artist, journalist and author.", "Alexandra Penney __knowledge__ She was born in Boston, Massachusetts, to Greek-American parents.", "Alexandra Penney __knowledge__ Graduate of Smith College, BA Philosophy, MA degree in Studio Art and Criticism, Hunter.", "Alexandra Penney __knowledge__ Upon graduation, Penney started her career as a painter with several group shows in New York to her credit.", "Alexandra Penney __knowledge__ Pressing financial needs as a single mother propelled her into journalism.", "Alexandra Penney __knowledge__ Her first job was as assistant editor at \"Vogue\", which she left to complete her master's degree in art.", "Alexandra Penney __knowledge__ She continued to paint and work as a freelancer for various magazines and wrote a weekly column at the \"New York Times Magazine\".", "Christopher Slowe __knowledge__ Christopher Brian Slowe (born November 8, 1978, Boston, MA) is an American businessman.", "Christopher Slowe __knowledge__ He gained his PhD in Physics from Harvard, went on to co-found reddit, with Aaron Swartz, Alexis Ohanian and Steve Huffman.", "Christopher Slowe __knowledge__ He later departed reddit and began work for Hipmunk, where he has been Chief Scientist since 2010.", "Christopher Slowe __knowledge__ Slowe was awarded his Ph.D. in Physics from Harvard for his thesis \"Experiments and simulations in cooling and trapping of a high flux rubidium beam\".", "Christopher Slowe __knowledge__ His thesis advisor was Prof. Lene Hau.", "Christopher Slowe __knowledge__ During his time as a research assistant at Harvard, he also began to devise computer programs.", "Christopher Slowe __knowledge__ Whilst studying, in the final year of his PhD he and fellow student Zak Stone gained startup monies from Y Combinator for their company Memamps.", "Anna Wintour __knowledge__ Dame Anna Wintour (; born 3 November 1949) is a British-American journalist and editor.", "Anna Wintour __knowledge__ She has been editor-in-chief of \"Vogue\" since 1988.", "Anna Wintour __knowledge__ In 2013, she became artistic director for Condé Nast, \"Vogue\"'s publisher.", "Anna Wintour __knowledge__ With her trademark pageboy bob haircut and dark sunglasses, Wintour has become an important figure in much of the fashion world, widely praised for her eye for fashion trends and her support for younger designers.", "Anna Wintour __knowledge__ Her reportedly aloof and demanding personality has earned her the nickname \"Nuclear Wintour\".", "Anna Wintour __knowledge__ The eldest daughter of Charles Wintour, editor of the London \"Evening Standard\" (1959–76), her father consulted her on how to make the newspaper relevant to the youth of the era.", "Analog Science Fiction and Fact __knowledge__ Analog Science Fiction and Fact is an American science-fiction magazine published under various titles since 1930.", "Analog Science Fiction and Fact __knowledge__ Originally titled Astounding Stories of Super-Science, the first issue was dated January 1930, published by William Clayton, and edited by Harry Bates.", "Analog Science Fiction and Fact __knowledge__ Clayton went bankrupt in 1933 and the magazine was sold to Street & Smith.", "Analog Science Fiction and Fact __knowledge__ The new editor was F. Orlin Tremaine, who soon made \"Astounding\" the leading magazine in the nascent pulp science fiction field, publishing well-regarded stories such as Jack Williamson's \"Legion of Space\" and John W. Campbell's \"Twilight\".", "Analog Science Fiction and Fact __knowledge__ At the end of 1937, Campbell took over editorial duties under Tremaine's supervision, and the following year Tremaine was let go, giving Campbell more independence.", "Vogue (magazine) __knowledge__ Vogue is an American fashion and lifestyle magazine made up of many components including fashion, beauty, culture, living, and runway.", "Vogue (magazine) __knowledge__ \"Vogue\" began as a weekly newspaper in 1892 in the United States, before becoming a monthly publication years later.", "Vogue (magazine) __knowledge__ The British \"Vogue\" was the first international edition launched in 1916.", "Vogue (magazine) __knowledge__ As of today, there are 23 international editions.", "Vogue (magazine) __knowledge__ In 1892, Arthur Baldwin Turnure, an American business man, founded \"Vogue\" as a weekly newspaper in the United States, sponsored by Kristoffer Wright; the first issue was published on December 17 of that year, with a cover price of 10 cents ().", "Ars Technica __knowledge__ Ars Technica (; Latin-derived for the \"art of technology\") is a website covering news and opinions in technology, science, politics, and society, created by Ken Fisher and Jon Stokes in 1998.", "Ars Technica __knowledge__ It publishes news, reviews, and guides on issues such as computer hardware and software, science, technology policy, and video games.", "Ars Technica __knowledge__ Many of the site's writers are postgraduates and some work for research institutions.", "Ars Technica __knowledge__ Articles on the website are written in a less-formal tone than those in traditional journals.", "Ars Technica __knowledge__ \"Ars Technica\" was privately owned until May 2008, when it was sold to Condé Nast Digital, the online division of Condé Nast Publications.", "Nicholas Coleridge __knowledge__ Nicholas David Coleridge CBE (born 4 March 1957) is Chairman of Condé Nast Britain, Chairman of the Victoria and Albert Museum, Chairman of the Prince of Wales' Campaign for Wool and Chairman of the Gilbert Trust for the Arts.", "Nicholas Coleridge __knowledge__ He is an Ambassador for the Landmark Trust and a Patron of the Elephant Family.", "Nicholas Coleridge __knowledge__ From 1989-2017, he was successively Editorial Director of Condé Nast Britain, Managing Director, Condé Nast Britain (1991-2017), Vice President, Condé Nast International (2000-2012) and President, Condé Nast International, the division of Condé Nast which publishes 139 magazines in 27 international markets, and over 100 websites.", "Condé Nast Traveler __knowledge__ Condé Nast Traveler is a luxury and lifestyle travel magazine published by Condé Nast.", "Condé Nast Traveler __knowledge__ The magazine has won twenty-five National Magazine Awards.", "Condé Nast Traveler __knowledge__ The Condé Nast unit of Advance Publications purchased \"Signature\", a magazine for Diners Club members, for $25 million in 1986.", "Condé Nast Traveler __knowledge__ The company used it as the basis for \"Condé Nast Traveler\", led by Sir Harold Evans in 1987, with a focus on literary journalism and hard news reporting.", "Condé Nast Traveler __knowledge__ As Editor in Chief, Evans coined the motto \"Truth in Travel,\" which declared that travel industry freebies would not be accepted.", "Condé Nast Traveler __knowledge__ Condé Nast Traveler is currently led by Editor in Chief Pilar Guzman." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ The New Yorker is an American magazine of reportage, commentary, criticism, essays, fiction, satire, cartoons, and poetry.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ It is published by Condé Nast.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ Started as a weekly in 1925, the magazine is now published 47 times annually, with five of these issues covering two-week spans.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ Although its reviews and events listings often focus on the cultural life of New York City, \"The New Yorker\" has a wide audience outside New York and is read internationally.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ It is well known for its illustrated and often topical covers, its commentaries on popular culture and eccentric Americana, its attention to modern fiction by the inclusion of short stories and literary reviews, its rigorous fact checking and copyediting, its journalism on politics and social issues, and its single-panel cartoons sprinkled throughout each issue.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ \"The New Yorker\" debuted on February 21, 1925.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ It was founded by Harold Ross and his wife, Jane Grant, a \"New York Times\" reporter.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ Ross wanted to create a sophisticated humor magazine that would be different from perceivably \"corny\" humor publications such as \"Judge\", where he had worked, or \"Life\".", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ Ross partnered with entrepreneur Raoul H. Fleischmann (who founded the General Baking Company) to establish the F-R Publishing Company.", "OK __knowledge__ \"OK\" (; spelling variations include \"okay\", \"O.K.", "OK __knowledge__ \", \"ok\") is an English word denoting approval, acceptance, agreement, assent, or acknowledgment.", "OK __knowledge__ \"OK\" is frequently used as a loanword in other languages.", "OK __knowledge__ It has been described as the most frequently spoken or written word on the planet.", "OK __knowledge__ As an adjective, \"OK\" principally means \"adequate\" or \"acceptable\" as a contrast to \"bad\" (\"The boss approved this, so it is OK to send out\"); it can also mean \"mediocre\" when used in contrast with \"good\" (\"The french fries were great, but the burger was just OK\").", "OK __knowledge__ It fulfills a similar role as an adverb (\"Wow, you did OK for your first time skiing!\").", "Scientific American __knowledge__ Scientific American (informally abbreviated SciAm) is an American popular science magazine.", "Scientific American __knowledge__ Many famous scientists, including Albert Einstein, have contributed articles in the past 170 years.", "Scientific American __knowledge__ It is the oldest continuously published monthly magazine in the United States (though it only became monthly in 1921).", "Scientific American __knowledge__ \"Scientific American\" was founded by inventor and publisher Rufus M. Porter in 1845 as a four-page weekly newspaper.", "Scientific American __knowledge__ Throughout its early years, much emphasis was placed on reports of what was going on at the U.S. Patent Office.", "Scientific American __knowledge__ It also reported on a broad range of inventions including perpetual motion machines, an 1860 device for buoying vessels by Abraham Lincoln, and the universal joint which now can be found in nearly every automobile manufactured.", "OK Go __knowledge__ OK Go is an American rock band originally from Chicago, Illinois, now based in Los Angeles, California.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band is composed of Damian Kulash (lead vocals, guitar), Tim Nordwind (bass guitar and vocals), Dan Konopka (drums and percussion) and Andy Ross (guitar, keyboards and vocals), who joined them in 2005, replacing Andy Duncan.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band is known for its often quirky and elaborate one-take music videos.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The original members formed as OK Go in 1998 and released two studio albums before Duncan's departure.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band's video for \"Here It Goes Again\" won a Grammy Award for Best Music Video in 2007.", "Logology (science of science) __knowledge__ Logology (\"the science of science\") is the study of all aspects of science and of its practitioners—aspects philosophical, biological, psychological, societal, historical, political, institutional, financial.", "Logology (science of science) __knowledge__ The term \"logology\" is used here as a synonym for the equivalent term \"science of science\" and the semi-equivalent term \"sociology of science\".", "Logology (science of science) __knowledge__ The term \"logology\" is back-formed from \"\"-logy\"\" (as in \"geo\"logy\"\", \"anthropo\"logy\"\", \"socio\"logy\"\", etc.)", "Logology (science of science) __knowledge__ in the sense of the \"study of study\" or the \"science of science\"—or, more plainly, the \"study of science\".", "Logology (science of science) __knowledge__ The word \"logology\" provides grammatical variants not available with the earlier terms \"science of science\" and \"sociology of science\"—\"logologist\", \"to logologize\", \"logological\", \"logologically\".", "Martin Gardner __knowledge__ Martin Gardner (October 21, 1914May 22, 2010) was an American popular mathematics and popular science writer, with interests also encompassing scientific skepticism, micromagic, philosophy, religion, and literature—especially the writings of Lewis Carroll, L. Frank Baum, and G. K. Chesterton.", "Martin Gardner __knowledge__ He was considered a leading authority on Lewis Carroll.", "Martin Gardner __knowledge__ \"The Annotated Alice\", which incorporated the text of Carroll's two Alice books, was his most successful work and sold over a million copies.", "Martin Gardner __knowledge__ He had a lifelong interest in magic and illusion and was regarded as one of the most important magicians of the twentieth century.", "Blueberry (comics) __knowledge__ Blueberry is Western comic series created in the Franco-Belgian \"bandes dessinées\" (BD) tradition by the Belgian scriptwriter Jean-Michel Charlier and French comics artist Jean \"Mœbius\" Giraud.", "Blueberry (comics) __knowledge__ It chronicles the adventures of Mike Blueberry on his travels through the American Old West.", "Blueberry (comics) __knowledge__ Blueberry is an atypical western hero; he is not a wandering lawman who brings evil-doers to justice, nor a handsome cowboy who \"rides into town, saves the ranch, becomes the new sheriff and marries the schoolmarm.\"", "Blueberry (comics) __knowledge__ In any situation, he sees what he thinks needs doing, and he does it.", "Blueberry (comics) __knowledge__ The series spawned out of the 1963 \"Fort Navajo\" comics series, originally intended as an ensemble narrative, but which quickly gravitated around the breakout character \"Blueberry\" as the main and central character after the first two stories, causing the series to continue under his name later on.", "Design Manchester __knowledge__ Design Manchester is a not-for-profit organisation established to showcase design talent; support design skills, careers & enterprise; advance the contribution of design in the city and the regional economy; and promote the role of Manchester as a design city internationally.", "Design Manchester __knowledge__ It has a year-round programme of activities and events and organises Manchester’s annual citywide festival of design.", "Design Manchester __knowledge__ In 2013, graphic designers John Owens and Malcolm Garrett RDI and media publicist Fiona McGarva were asked by Professor David Crow, then the Dean of Manchester School of Art, to organise an event to mark the School’s 175th anniversary and the opening of the new Benzie Building designed by Feilden Clegg Bradley Studios.", "Condé Montrose Nast __knowledge__ Condé Montrose Nast (March 26, 1873 – September 19, 1942) was an American publisher, entrepreneur and business magnate.", "Condé Montrose Nast __knowledge__ He founded Condé Nast, a mass media company, now a subsidiary of Advance Publications, who published and maintained brands such as \"Vanity Fair\", \"Vogue\", and \"The New Yorker\".", "Condé Montrose Nast __knowledge__ Named after his uncle Condé L. Benoist, Condé Montrose Nast was born in New York City to a family of Midwestern origin.", "Condé Montrose Nast __knowledge__ His father, William F. Nast (son of the German-born Methodist leader William Nast) was an inventor who had served as U.S. attaché in Berlin.", "Condé Montrose Nast __knowledge__ His mother, the former Esther A. Benoist, was a daughter of pioneering St. Louis banker Louis Auguste Benoist and a descendant of a prominent French family that emigrated to Canada and then to Missouri.", "Condé Nast __knowledge__ Condé Nast Inc. is an American mass media company founded in 1909 by Condé Montrose Nast, based at One World Trade Center and owned by Advance Publications.", "Condé Nast __knowledge__ The company attracts more than 164 million consumers across its 20 brands and media: \"Allure\", \"Architectural Digest\", \"Ars Technica\", \"Backchannel\", \"Bon Appétit\", \"Brides\", \"Condé Nast Traveler\", \"Epicurious\", \"Glamour\", \"Golf Digest\", \"GQ\", \"Pitchfork\", \"Self\", \"Teen Vogue\", \"The New Yorker\", \"Vanity Fair\", \"Vogue\", \"W\" and \"Wired\".", "Condé Nast __knowledge__ Robert A. Sauerberg Jr. is Condé Nast's chief executive officer and president, Charles H. Townsend is its chairman and the late Samuel Irving Newhouse Jr. was its chairman emeritus.", "Vogue (magazine) __knowledge__ Vogue is an American fashion and lifestyle magazine made up of many components including fashion, beauty, culture, living, and runway.", "Vogue (magazine) __knowledge__ \"Vogue\" began as a weekly newspaper in 1892 in the United States, before becoming a monthly publication years later.", "Vogue (magazine) __knowledge__ The British \"Vogue\" was the first international edition launched in 1916.", "Vogue (magazine) __knowledge__ As of today, there are 23 international editions.", "Vogue (magazine) __knowledge__ In 1892, Arthur Baldwin Turnure, an American business man, founded \"Vogue\" as a weekly newspaper in the United States, sponsored by Kristoffer Wright; the first issue was published on December 17 of that year, with a cover price of 10 cents ().", "Vanity Fair (magazine) __knowledge__ Vanity Fair is a magazine of popular culture, fashion, and current affairs published by Condé Nast in the United States.", "Vanity Fair (magazine) __knowledge__ The first version of \"Vanity Fair\" was published from 1913 to 1936.", "Vanity Fair (magazine) __knowledge__ The imprint was revived in 1983, and came to include four European editions of the magazine.", "Vanity Fair (magazine) __knowledge__ The current editor is Radhika Jones.", "Vanity Fair (magazine) __knowledge__ Condé Montrose Nast began his empire by purchasing the men's fashion magazine \"Dress\" in 1913.", "Vanity Fair (magazine) __knowledge__ He renamed the magazine \"Dress and Vanity Fair\" and published four issues in 1913.", "Vanity Fair (magazine) __knowledge__ It continued to thrive into the twenties.", "Vanity Fair (magazine) __knowledge__ However, it became a casualty of the Great Depression and declining advertising revenues, although its circulation, at 90,000 copies, was at its peak.", "House &amp; Garden (magazine) __knowledge__ House & Garden is an American shelter magazine published by Condé Nast Publications that focusses on interior design, entertaining, and gardening.", "House &amp; Garden (magazine) __knowledge__ Its US edition ceased in 1993, and after an unsuccessful relaunch was closed again in 2007.", "House &amp; Garden (magazine) __knowledge__ Foreign editions of the magazine are still published in the United Kingdom (first published in 1947) and South Africa.", "House &amp; Garden (magazine) __knowledge__ A Greek edition was launched in November 2007.", "House &amp; Garden (magazine) __knowledge__ The magazine was launched in 1901 as a journal devoted to architecture.", "House &amp; Garden (magazine) __knowledge__ Its founding editors were Herbert C. Wise, Wilson Eyre, and Frank Miles Day, all Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, architects.", "House &amp; Garden (magazine) __knowledge__ The magazine became part of Condé Montrose Nast's publishing empire when he bought an interest in it in 1911; he became its sole owner in 1915.", "Vanity Fair (magazines) __knowledge__ Vanity Fair has been the title of at least five magazines, including an 1859–63 American publication, an 1868–1914 British publication, an unrelated 1902–04 New York magazine, and a 1913–36 American publication edited by Condé Nast, which was revived in 1983.", "Vanity Fair (magazines) __knowledge__ Vanity Fair was notably a fictitious place ruled by Beelzebub, in the book \"Pilgrim's Progress\" by John Bunyan.", "Vanity Fair (magazines) __knowledge__ Later use of the name was influenced by the well-known 1847–48 novel of the same name by William Makepeace Thackeray.", "Vanity Fair (magazines) __knowledge__ The first magazine bearing the name \"Vanity Fair\" appeared in New York as a humorous weekly, from 1859 to 1863.", "Mehemed Fehmy Agha __knowledge__ Dr. Mehemed Fehmy Agha (Mykolayiv, 1896 - Pennsylvania, 1978) was a Russian-born Turkish designer, art director, and pioneer of modern American publishing.", "Mehemed Fehmy Agha __knowledge__ He was instrumental in defining the role of the magazine art director and delivering the full force of European avant garde experimentation to the pages of \"Vogue\", \"Vanity Fair,\" and \"House & Garden\", the Condé Nast publishing company's flagship magazines in the United States.", "Mehemed Fehmy Agha __knowledge__ § Agha was born in the Russian Empire (now Ukraine) to a family of Turkish descent.", "Mehemed Fehmy Agha __knowledge__ His education ranged broadly from a degree in economics from the Emperor Peter the Great Polytechnic Institute in Kiev to a degree in Oriental languages in Paris." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 0, 18 ]

[ "i love the american magazine The new Yorker. it has criticism, commentary and a lot more", "You should read it It is published by Condé Nast and its a really interesting magazine", "Condé Montrose Nast was an American publisher, entrepreneur and business magnate", " I love scientific american too, It is the oldest continuously published monthly magazine in the United States" ]

[ "The New Yorker", "The New Yorker", "The New Yorker", "The New Yorker" ]

[ "Amazon (company)", "That is a great hub for business. I love Amazon.", "True. They have come a long and have become a powerhouse company.", "They are world wide. Giant company that can serve all." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Amazon (company) __knowledge__ Amazon.com, Inc., doing business as Amazon (), is an American electronic commerce and cloud computing company based in Seattle, Washington that was founded by Jeff Bezos on July 5, 1994.", "Amazon (company) __knowledge__ The tech giant is the largest Internet retailer in the world as measured by revenue and market capitalization, and second largest after Alibaba Group in terms of total sales.", "Amazon (company) __knowledge__ The amazon.com website started as an online bookstore and later diversified to sell video downloads/streaming, MP3 downloads/streaming, audiobook downloads/streaming, software, video games, electronics, apparel, furniture, food, toys, and jewelry.", "Amazon (company) __knowledge__ The company also produces consumer electronics—Kindle e-readers, Fire tablets, Fire TV, and Echo—and is the world's largest provider of cloud infrastructure services (IaaS and PaaS).", "Amazon (company) __knowledge__ Amazon also sells certain low-end products under its in-house brand AmazonBasics.", "Amazon (company) __knowledge__ Amazon has separate retail websites for the United States, the United Kingdom and Ireland, France, Canada, Germany, Italy, Spain, Netherlands, Australia, Brazil, Japan, China, India, and Mexico.", "Amazon (company) __knowledge__ In 2016, Dutch, Polish, and Turkish language versions of the German Amazon website were also launched.", "Amazon (company) __knowledge__ Amazon also offers international shipping to certain other countries for some of its products." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Amazon (company) __knowledge__ Amazon.com, Inc., doing business as Amazon (), is an American electronic commerce and cloud computing company based in Seattle, Washington that was founded by Jeff Bezos on July 5, 1994.", "Amazon (company) __knowledge__ The tech giant is the largest Internet retailer in the world as measured by revenue and market capitalization, and second largest after Alibaba Group in terms of total sales.", "Amazon (company) __knowledge__ The amazon.com website started as an online bookstore and later diversified to sell video downloads/streaming, MP3 downloads/streaming, audiobook downloads/streaming, software, video games, electronics, apparel, furniture, food, toys, and jewelry.", "Amazon (company) __knowledge__ The company also produces consumer electronics—Kindle e-readers, Fire tablets, Fire TV, and Echo—and is the world's largest provider of cloud infrastructure services (IaaS and PaaS).", "Amazon (company) __knowledge__ Amazon also sells certain low-end products under its in-house brand AmazonBasics.", "Amazon (company) __knowledge__ Amazon has separate retail websites for the United States, the United Kingdom and Ireland, France, Canada, Germany, Italy, Spain, Netherlands, Australia, Brazil, Japan, China, India, and Mexico.", "Amazon (company) __knowledge__ In 2016, Dutch, Polish, and Turkish language versions of the German Amazon website were also launched.", "Amazon (company) __knowledge__ Amazon also offers international shipping to certain other countries for some of its products.", "Amazon.com controversies __knowledge__ Amazon.com has attracted criticism from multiple sources, where the ethics of certain business practices and policies have been drawn into question.", "Amazon.com controversies __knowledge__ Amazon has also faced numerous allegations of anti-competitive or monopolistic behavior.", "Amazon.com controversies __knowledge__ The company has been controversial for its alleged use of patents as a competitive hindrance.", "Amazon.com controversies __knowledge__ The \"1-Click patent\" is perhaps the best-known example of this.", "Amazon.com controversies __knowledge__ Amazon's use of the one-click patent against competitor Barnes & Noble's website led the Free Software Foundation to announce a boycott of Amazon in December 1999.", "Amazon.com controversies __knowledge__ The boycott was discontinued in September 2002.", "Order of the Phoenix (fictional organisation) __knowledge__ The Order of the Phoenix is a secret organisation in the \"Harry Potter\" series of fiction books written by J. K. Rowling.", "Order of the Phoenix (fictional organisation) __knowledge__ Founded by Albus Dumbledore to fight Lord Voldemort and his followers, the Death Eaters, the Order lends its name to the fifth book of the series, \"Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix\".", "Order of the Phoenix (fictional organisation) __knowledge__ Before the Harry Potter series starts – when the character Lord Voldemort declared war on the wizarding world – Albus Dumbledore, headmaster of Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry and an upstanding and powerful citizen of the wizarding world, attempted to take control of the situation by founding the Order of the Phoenix.", "List of Amazon products and services __knowledge__ This is a list of products and services offered by American corporation Amazon.", "List of Amazon products and services __knowledge__ Amazon product lines include several media (books, DVDs, music CDs, videotapes, and software), apparel, baby products, consumer electronics, beauty products, gourmet food, groceries, health and personal-care items, industrial & scientific supplies, kitchen items, jewelry and watches, lawn and garden items, musical instruments, sporting goods, tools, automotive items and toys & games.", "List of Amazon products and services __knowledge__ The company launched amazon.com Auctions, a web auctions service, in March 1999.", "List of Amazon products and services __knowledge__ However, it failed to chip away at the large market share of the industry pioneer, eBay.", "Amazon tax __knowledge__ Amazon tax collection policy has changed over the years.", "Amazon tax __knowledge__ In the U.S., state and local sales taxes are levied by state and local governments, not at the federal level.", "Amazon tax __knowledge__ In most countries where Amazon operates, a sales tax or value added tax is uniform throughout the country, and Amazon is obliged to collect it from all customers.", "Amazon tax __knowledge__ Many U.S. states have passed online shopping sales tax laws designed to compel Amazon.com and other e-commerce retailers to collect state and local sales taxes from its customers.", "Amazon tax __knowledge__ Amazon.com originally collected sales tax only from five states as of 2011, but as of April 2017 collects sales taxes from customers in all 45 states that have a state sales tax and in Washington, D.C. Alabama is the highest tax rate charged by Amazon, the Alabama tax rate is 8.45%.", "Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky International Airport __knowledge__ Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky International Airport is a public international airport located in Hebron, Kentucky, United States.", "Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky International Airport __knowledge__ It serves the Greater Cincinnati metropolitan area.", "Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky International Airport __knowledge__ The airport's code, CVG, comes from the nearest major city at the time of its opening, Covington, Kentucky.", "Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky International Airport __knowledge__ CVG covers an area of 7,000 acres (28.3 km).", "Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky International Airport __knowledge__ The airport's international destinations include Cancún, Cozumel, Freeport, Montego Bay, Paris, Punta Cana, Reykjavík, and Toronto.", "Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky International Airport __knowledge__ Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky International Airport offers non-stop passenger service to 60 destinations with 195 peak daily departures.", "Iquitos __knowledge__ Iquitos (), also known as Iquitos City, is the capital city of Peru's Maynas Province and Loreto Region.", "Iquitos __knowledge__ The largest metropolis in the Peruvian Amazon, east of the Andes, it is the sixth most populous city of Peru.", "Iquitos __knowledge__ It is known as the \"capital of the Peruvian Amazon.\"", "Iquitos __knowledge__ The city is located in the Great Plains of the Amazon Basin, fed by the Amazon, Nanay and Itaya rivers.", "Iquitos __knowledge__ Overall, it constitutes the Iquitos metropolitan area, a conurbation of 471,993 inhabitants consisting of four districts: Iquitos, Punchana, Belén, and San Juan Bautista.", "Iquitos __knowledge__ It is the largest city in the world that cannot be reached by road – it is accessible only by river and air.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Apple Inc. is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Cupertino, California that designs, develops, and sells consumer electronics, computer software, and online services.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ The company's hardware products include the iPhone smartphone, the iPad tablet computer, the Mac personal computer, the iPod portable media player, the Apple Watch smartwatch, the Apple TV digital media player, and the HomePod smart speaker.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Apple's software includes the macOS and iOS operating systems, the iTunes media player, the Safari web browser, and the iLife and iWork creativity and productivity suites, as well as professional applications like Final Cut Pro, Logic Pro, or Xcode.", "Economy of the United States __knowledge__ The economy of the United States is a highly developed mixed economy.", "Economy of the United States __knowledge__ It is the world's largest economy by nominal GDP and second largest by purchasing power parity (PPP).", "Economy of the United States __knowledge__ It has the world's seventh-highest per capita GDP (nominal) and eleventh-highest per capita GDP (PPP) in 2016.", "Economy of the United States __knowledge__ The U.S. dollar is the currency most used in international transactions and is the world's foremost reserve currency, backed by its science and technology, its military, the full faith of the US government to reimburse its debts, its central role in a range of international institutions since World War II and the petrodollar system.", "Real estate investment trust __knowledge__ A real estate investment trust (REIT) is a company that owns, and in most cases operates, income-producing real estate.", "Real estate investment trust __knowledge__ REITs own many types of commercial real estate, ranging from office and apartment buildings to warehouses, hospitals, shopping centers, hotels and timberlands.", "Real estate investment trust __knowledge__ Some REITs engage in financing real estate.", "Real estate investment trust __knowledge__ The law providing for REITs was enacted by the U.S. Congress in 1960.", "Real estate investment trust __knowledge__ The law was intended to provide a real estate investment structure similar to the structure mutual funds provide for investment in stocks.", "Real estate investment trust __knowledge__ REITs are strong income vehicles because, to avoid incurring liability for U.S. Federal income tax, REITs generally must pay out an amount equal to at least 90 percent of their taxable income in the form of dividends to shareholders.", "Netflix __knowledge__ Netflix is an American entertainment company founded by Reed Hastings and Marc Randolph on August 29, 1997, in Scotts Valley, California.", "Netflix __knowledge__ It specializes in and provides streaming media and video-on-demand online and DVD by mail.", "Netflix __knowledge__ In 2013, Netflix expanded into film and television production as well as online distribution.", "Netflix __knowledge__ It is headquartered in Los Gatos, California.", "Netflix __knowledge__ Netflix's initial business model included DVD sales and rental, although Hastings jettisoned DVD sales about a year after Netflix's founding to focus on the DVD rental by mail business.", "Netflix __knowledge__ In 2007, Netflix expanded its business with the introduction of streaming media, while retaining the DVD and Blu-ray rental service.", "Cisco Systems __knowledge__ Cisco Systems, Inc. is an American multinational technology conglomerate headquartered in San Jose, California, in the center of Silicon Valley, that develops, manufactures and sells networking hardware, telecommunications equipment and other high-technology services and products.", "Cisco Systems __knowledge__ Through its numerous acquired subsidiaries, such as OpenDNS, WebEx, Jabber and Jasper, Cisco specializes into specific tech markets, such as Internet of Things (IoT), domain security and energy management.", "Cisco Systems __knowledge__ Cisco is the largest networking company in the world.", "Cisco Systems __knowledge__ The stock was added to the Dow Jones Industrial Average on June 8, 2009, and is also included in the S&P 500 Index, the Russell 1000 Index, NASDAQ-100 Index and the Russell 1000 Growth Stock Index." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Amazon (company) __knowledge__ Amazon.com, Inc., doing business as Amazon (), is an American electronic commerce and cloud computing company based in Seattle, Washington that was founded by Jeff Bezos on July 5, 1994.", "Amazon (company) __knowledge__ The tech giant is the largest Internet retailer in the world as measured by revenue and market capitalization, and second largest after Alibaba Group in terms of total sales.", "Amazon (company) __knowledge__ The amazon.com website started as an online bookstore and later diversified to sell video downloads/streaming, MP3 downloads/streaming, audiobook downloads/streaming, software, video games, electronics, apparel, furniture, food, toys, and jewelry.", "Amazon (company) __knowledge__ The company also produces consumer electronics—Kindle e-readers, Fire tablets, Fire TV, and Echo—and is the world's largest provider of cloud infrastructure services (IaaS and PaaS).", "Amazon (company) __knowledge__ Amazon also sells certain low-end products under its in-house brand AmazonBasics.", "Amazon (company) __knowledge__ Amazon has separate retail websites for the United States, the United Kingdom and Ireland, France, Canada, Germany, Italy, Spain, Netherlands, Australia, Brazil, Japan, China, India, and Mexico.", "Amazon (company) __knowledge__ In 2016, Dutch, Polish, and Turkish language versions of the German Amazon website were also launched.", "Amazon (company) __knowledge__ Amazon also offers international shipping to certain other countries for some of its products.", "Black Eagle Dam __knowledge__ Black Eagle Dam is a hydroelectric gravity weir dam located on the Missouri River in the city of Great Falls, Montana.", "Black Eagle Dam __knowledge__ The first dam on the site, built and opened in 1890, was a timber-and-rock crib dam.", "Black Eagle Dam __knowledge__ This structure was the first hydroelectric dam built in Montana and the first built on the Missouri River.", "Black Eagle Dam __knowledge__ The dam helped give the city of Great Falls the nickname \"The Electric City.\"", "Black Eagle Dam __knowledge__ A second dam, built of concrete in 1926 and opened in 1927, replaced the first dam, which was not removed and lies submerged in the reservoir.", "Black Eagle Dam __knowledge__ Almost unchanged since 1926, the dam is long and high, and its powerhouse contains three turbines capable of generating seven megawatts (MW) of power each.", "Spencer Tracy __knowledge__ Spencer Bonaventure Tracy (April 5, 1900 – June 10, 1967) was an American actor, noted for his natural style and versatility.", "Spencer Tracy __knowledge__ One of the major stars of Hollywood's Golden Age, Tracy won two Academy Awards for Best Actor, from nine nominations, sharing the record for nominations in that category with Laurence Olivier.", "Spencer Tracy __knowledge__ Tracy first discovered his talent for acting while attending Ripon College, and he later received a scholarship for the American Academy of Dramatic Arts.", "Spencer Tracy __knowledge__ He spent seven years in the theatre, working in a succession of stock companies and intermittently on Broadway.", "Spencer Tracy __knowledge__ Tracy's breakthrough came in 1930, when his lead performance in \"The Last Mile\" caught the attention of Hollywood.", "Parvixerocomus aokii __knowledge__ Parvixerocomus aokii is a species of bolete fungus in the family Boletaceae.", "Parvixerocomus aokii __knowledge__ It was originally described by Japanese mycologist Tsuguo Hongo in 1984 as a species of \"Boletus\".", "Parvixerocomus aokii __knowledge__ Chinese mycologists Gang Wu, Nian-Kai Zeng, and Zhu L. Yang transferred it to \"Parvixerocomus\" in 2015.", "Parvixerocomus aokii __knowledge__ It is known only from China and Japan, where it grows in tropical and subtropical forests with trees of the family Fagaceae.", "Big Creek Hydroelectric Project __knowledge__ The Big Creek Hydroelectric Project is an extensive hydroelectric power scheme on the upper San Joaquin River system, in the Sierra Nevada of central California.", "Big Creek Hydroelectric Project __knowledge__ The project is owned and operated by Southern California Edison (SCE).", "Big Creek Hydroelectric Project __knowledge__ The use and reuse of the waters of the San Joaquin River, its South Fork, and the namesake of the project, Big Creek – over a vertical drop of – have over the years inspired a nickname, \"The Hardest Working Water in the World\".", "Big Creek Hydroelectric Project __knowledge__ The primary purpose of the project was to provide electric power for the fast-growing city of Los Angeles.", "Big Creek Hydroelectric Project __knowledge__ California engineer John S. Eastwood was the principal designer of the system, which was initially funded and built by Henry E. Huntington's Pacific Light and Power Company (PL&P).", "Longreach Powerhouse __knowledge__ Longreach Powerhouse is a heritage-listed former power station and now museum at 12 Swan Street, Longreach, Longreach Region, Queensland, Australia.", "Longreach Powerhouse __knowledge__ It was built in 1921 by Edward and Martin.", "Longreach Powerhouse __knowledge__ It is now known as Longreach Powerhouse Museum.", "Longreach Powerhouse __knowledge__ It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 24 June 1999.", "Longreach Powerhouse __knowledge__ The Longreach Powerhouse began operating in 1921 under the Longreach Shire Council until 1966 when it came under the control of the Central West Regional Electricity Board and later the Capricornia Regional Electricity Board.", "Longreach Powerhouse __knowledge__ The former Longreach Powerhouse was built by Edward and Martin, under the supervision of consultant engineer Norman White, and was completed by September 1921.", "Powerhouse (instrumental) __knowledge__ \"Powerhouse\" (1937) is an instrumental musical composition by Raymond Scott, perhaps best known today as the iconic \"assembly line\" music in animated cartoons released by Warner Bros.", "Powerhouse (instrumental) __knowledge__ In scripted comments read on the First Anniversary Special of CBS Radio's \"Saturday Night Swing Club\", on which the Raymond Scott Quintette performed, host Paul Douglas announced that \"Powerhouse\" had been premiered on that program in January or early February 1937.", "Powerhouse (instrumental) __knowledge__ Scott's Quintette (actually a sextet) first recorded \"Powerhouse\" in New York on February 20, 1937, along with three other titles.", "Powerhouse (instrumental) __knowledge__ This recording was first commercially issued on the Irving Mills-owned Master Records label as Master 111 (mx.", "Powerhouse Animation Studios __knowledge__ Powerhouse Animation Studios, Inc. is an Austin, Texas based animation studio founded in April 2001 with a subsidiary called Powerhaus Animation LLC, established in summer of 2014.", "Powerhouse Animation Studios __knowledge__ Powerhouse develops and produces traditional 2D animation, motion comics, motion graphics, art assets, digital paint, and illustration for television series, motion pictures, video game cinemas, commercials, advertising campaigns, educational properties, and entertainment companies.", "Powerhouse Animation Studios __knowledge__ Headquartered in Austin, TX, Powerhouse Animation was founded on April Fools' Day 2001 as a privately held animation service studio by Frank Gabriel, Brad Graeber, and Bruce Tinnin.", "Amazon China __knowledge__ Amazon.cn (), formerly Joyo.com (Chinese: 卓越网) and Joyo Amazon (卓越亚马逊), is a Chinese online shopping website located in Beijing, China.", "Amazon China __knowledge__ In 2004, it was acquired by Amazon.com.", "Amazon China __knowledge__ Joyo.com was an IT information service and download website before 2000.", "Amazon China __knowledge__ Joyo was founded by Kingsoft in August 1998, while Joyo.com became a website in February 1999.", "Amazon China __knowledge__ At that time, Joyo as one subsidiary of Kingsoft, had only five employees, but in half a year, it became the 33rd-largest Chinese website, and published a CD of software.", "Amazon China __knowledge__ Kingsoft decided to make Joyo.com into an online bookstore in 1999, when the Internet in mainland China was far behind developed.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ Chris Cornell (born Christopher John Boyle; July 20, 1964 – May 18, 2017) was an American musician, singer, and songwriter.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ He was best known as the lead vocalist for the rock bands Soundgarden and Audioslave.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ Cornell was also known for his numerous solo works and soundtrack contributions since 1991, and as the founder and frontman for Temple of the Dog, the one-off tribute band dedicated to his late friend Andrew Wood.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ Cornell is considered one of the chief architects of the 1990s grunge movement, and is well known for his extensive catalog as a songwriter, his nearly four-octave vocal range, and his powerful vocal belting technique.", "Amazon tax __knowledge__ Amazon tax collection policy has changed over the years.", "Amazon tax __knowledge__ In the U.S., state and local sales taxes are levied by state and local governments, not at the federal level.", "Amazon tax __knowledge__ In most countries where Amazon operates, a sales tax or value added tax is uniform throughout the country, and Amazon is obliged to collect it from all customers.", "Amazon tax __knowledge__ Many U.S. states have passed online shopping sales tax laws designed to compel Amazon.com and other e-commerce retailers to collect state and local sales taxes from its customers.", "Amazon tax __knowledge__ Amazon.com originally collected sales tax only from five states as of 2011, but as of April 2017 collects sales taxes from customers in all 45 states that have a state sales tax and in Washington, D.C. Alabama is the highest tax rate charged by Amazon, the Alabama tax rate is 8.45%.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Dennis Michael Miller (born November 3, 1953) is an American stand-up comedian, talk show host, political commentator, sports commentator, actor, and television and radio personality.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He rose as a cast member of \"Saturday Night Live\" in 1985, and subsequently hosted a string of his own talk shows on HBO, CNBC, and in syndication.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ From 2007 to 2015, Miller hosted a daily, three-hour, self-titled talk radio program, nationally syndicated by Westwood One.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He is known for his critical assessments of current events, laced with pop culture references and delivered in an idiosyncratic verbal style.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Miller is listed as 21st on Comedy Central's 100 greatest stand up comedians of all time, and was ranked as the best host of SNL's \"Weekend Update\" by Vulture.com.", "Interpark __knowledge__ Interpark is a South Korean online auction and shopping mall where people from all around the world buy and sell goods and services.", "Interpark __knowledge__ History 1996 - Established the first online shopping mall, Interpark, by Lee Ki Hyung 1997 - Started online bookstore service 1999 - Interpark was listed on KOSDAQ - Started online tour booking service 2000 - Selected as ticket sales agency of 2002 FIFA World Cup - Established Interpark Gmarket 2002 - Successfully completed its role as ticket sales agency of 2002 FIFA World Cup 2004 - Ranked as number one online bookstore - Started online open market service 2006 - Established Interpark Mobile - Listed Interpark Gmarket on NASDAQ 2008 - Establish Interpark International, Global M&S Co., LTD - Establish Interpark INT (merge shopping, bookstore, ENT) 2009 - Changed CL - Sold Interpark Gmarket to eBay 2011 - Took over IMK (I Market Korea), a MRO frim - Establish Interpark Global (US) and logistic center in US 2014 - Launched Global shopping site (www.globalinterpark.com) - Listed Interpark INT on KOSDAQ - Entered the music industry through the release of \"Hotel King OST\" Collectibles, appliances, computers, furniture, equipment, vehicles, food, tickets, clothes, jewellery and many other categories of items are listed, bought and sold through Interpark platform.", "First-mover advantage __knowledge__ In marketing strategy, first-mover advantage (FMA) is the advantage gained by the initial (\"first-moving\") significant occupant of a market segment.", "First-mover advantage __knowledge__ It may be also referred to as technological leadership.", "First-mover advantage __knowledge__ A market participant has first-mover advantage if it is the first entrant and gains a competitive advantage through control of resources.", "First-mover advantage __knowledge__ With this advantage, first-movers can be rewarded with huge profit margins and a monopoly-like status.", "First-mover advantage __knowledge__ Not all first-movers are rewarded.", "First-mover advantage __knowledge__ If the first-mover does not capitalize on its advantage, its \"first-mover disadvantages\" leave opportunity for new entrants to enter the market and compete more effectively and efficiently than the first-movers; such firms have \"second-mover advantage.\"" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Amazon (company) __knowledge__ Amazon.com, Inc., doing business as Amazon (), is an American electronic commerce and cloud computing company based in Seattle, Washington that was founded by Jeff Bezos on July 5, 1994.", "Amazon (company) __knowledge__ The tech giant is the largest Internet retailer in the world as measured by revenue and market capitalization, and second largest after Alibaba Group in terms of total sales.", "Amazon (company) __knowledge__ The amazon.com website started as an online bookstore and later diversified to sell video downloads/streaming, MP3 downloads/streaming, audiobook downloads/streaming, software, video games, electronics, apparel, furniture, food, toys, and jewelry.", "Amazon (company) __knowledge__ The company also produces consumer electronics—Kindle e-readers, Fire tablets, Fire TV, and Echo—and is the world's largest provider of cloud infrastructure services (IaaS and PaaS).", "Amazon (company) __knowledge__ Amazon also sells certain low-end products under its in-house brand AmazonBasics.", "Amazon (company) __knowledge__ Amazon has separate retail websites for the United States, the United Kingdom and Ireland, France, Canada, Germany, Italy, Spain, Netherlands, Australia, Brazil, Japan, China, India, and Mexico.", "Amazon (company) __knowledge__ In 2016, Dutch, Polish, and Turkish language versions of the German Amazon website were also launched.", "Amazon (company) __knowledge__ Amazon also offers international shipping to certain other countries for some of its products.", "Tevel B'Tzedek __knowledge__ Tevel b’Tzedek is a non-governmental organization (NGO) based in Israel that promotes sustainable development in developing countries through the formation of thematic-based groups and community mobilization.", "Tevel B'Tzedek __knowledge__ It was established in 2007 by Rabbi Micha Odenheimer, who wanted to provide young Jewish people with meaningful social justice experience abroad with the intention of creating strong Jewish leaders invested in the idea of Tikkun Olam (repairing the world).", "Tevel B'Tzedek __knowledge__ Since 2007, hundreds of Jewish volunteers from communities in Israel, the United States, Germany, Ukraine, South Africa, Australia and other countries have traveled to Nepal and Haiti to participate in community development projects.", "World Wide Web __knowledge__ The World Wide Web (abbreviated WWW or the Web) is an information space where documents and other web resources are identified by Uniform Resource Locators (URLs), interlinked by hypertext links, and can be accessed via the Internet.", "World Wide Web __knowledge__ English scientist Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web in 1989.", "World Wide Web __knowledge__ He wrote the first web browser computer program in 1990 while employed at CERN in Switzerland.", "World Wide Web __knowledge__ The Web browser was released outside CERN in 1991, first to other research institutions starting in January 1991 and to the general public on the Internet in August 1991.", "World Wide Web __knowledge__ The World Wide Web has been central to the development of the Information Age and is the primary tool billions of people use to interact on the Internet.", "Internet __knowledge__ The Internet is the global system of interconnected computer networks that use the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to link devices worldwide.", "Internet __knowledge__ It is a \"network of networks\" that consists of private, public, academic, business, and government networks of local to global scope, linked by a broad array of electronic, wireless, and optical networking technologies.", "Internet __knowledge__ The Internet carries a vast range of information resources and services, such as the inter-linked hypertext documents and applications of the World Wide Web (WWW), electronic mail, telephony, and file sharing.", "Internet __knowledge__ The origins of the Internet date back to research commissioned by the United States Federal Government in the 1960s to build robust, fault-tolerant communication via computer networks.", "Green Giant __knowledge__ Green Giant and Le Sueur are brands of frozen and canned vegetables owned by B&G Foods.", "Green Giant __knowledge__ The company's mascot is the Jolly Green Giant.", "Green Giant __knowledge__ The Minnesota Valley Canning Company was founded in 1903 in Le Sueur, Minnesota.", "Green Giant __knowledge__ It used the brand name \"Le Sueur Z\" for canned vegetables starting in 1903; \"Le Sueur\" by itself was first used in 1933.", "Green Giant __knowledge__ The brand \"Green Giant Great Big Tender Peas\" was first used in 1925, and the figure of a giant was introduced three years later by Carly Stanek (Bingum).", "Green Giant __knowledge__ The brand was created in response to the discovery of a new variety of pea, the Prince of Wales: they were, as Martin Sloan relates, \"oblong, wrinkled, and, as peas go, huge.", "History of the Internet __knowledge__ The history of the Internet begins with the development of electronic computers in the 1950s.", "History of the Internet __knowledge__ Initial concepts of wide area networking originated in several computer science laboratories in the United States, United Kingdom, and France.", "History of the Internet __knowledge__ The US Department of Defense awarded contracts as early as the 1960s, including for the development of the ARPANET project, directed by Robert Taylor and managed by Lawrence Roberts.", "History of the Internet __knowledge__ The first message was sent over the ARPANET in 1969 from computer science Professor Leonard Kleinrock's laboratory at University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) to the second network node at Stanford Research Institute (SRI).", "World Wide Suicide __knowledge__ \"World Wide Suicide\" is a song by the American rock band Pearl Jam.", "World Wide Suicide __knowledge__ Written by vocalist Eddie Vedder, \"World Wide Suicide\" was released through digital music stores on March 14, 2006 as the first single from the band's eighth studio album, \"Pearl Jam\" (2006).", "World Wide Suicide __knowledge__ The song topped the \"Billboard\" Alternative Songs chart, where it spent a total of three weeks at number one.", "World Wide Suicide __knowledge__ \"World Wide Suicide\" was written by vocalist Eddie Vedder.", "World Wide Suicide __knowledge__ The song features a raw sound closer to the band's earlier material.", "World Wide Suicide __knowledge__ On the song's intensity, Vedder said, \"The times...the times kind of demand a little bit of intensity.\"", "André the Giant __knowledge__ André René Roussimoff (19 May 1946 – 27 January 1993), best known as André the Giant, was a French professional wrestler and actor.", "André the Giant __knowledge__ He famously feuded with Hulk Hogan, culminating at WrestleMania III.", "André the Giant __knowledge__ His best-remembered film role was that of Fezzik, the giant in \"The Princess Bride\".", "André the Giant __knowledge__ His size was a result of gigantism caused by excess growth hormone, which later resulted in acromegaly.", "André the Giant __knowledge__ It also led to his being called \"The Eighth Wonder of the World\".", "André the Giant __knowledge__ In the World Wrestling Federation (WWF, now known as WWE), André was a one-time WWF World Heavyweight Champion and a one-time WWF Tag Team Champion.", "Ganale Doria River __knowledge__ The Ganale Doria River (also transliterated as Genale Dorya) is a perennial river in southeastern Ethiopia.", "Ganale Doria River __knowledge__ Rising in the mountains east of Aleta Wendo, the Ganale flows south and east to join with the Dawa at the border with Somalia to become the Jubba.", "Ganale Doria River __knowledge__ The river's tributaries include the Welmel, Weyib (also known as Gestro), Dumale, Doya, Hawas and the Hambala.", "Ganale Doria River __knowledge__ The Del Verme Falls is a notable feature of its middle course.", "Ganale Doria River __knowledge__ According to materials published by the Ethiopian Central Statistical Agency, the Ganale has a total length of , of which are inside that country.", "Ganale Doria River __knowledge__ The Ethiopian Ministry of Water Resources, describes the catchment area of the Ganale Dorya-Dawa river basin as in size, with an annual runoff of , and specific discharge of per square kilometre.", "Retail __knowledge__ Retail markets and shops have a very ancient history, dating back to antiquity.", "Retail __knowledge__ Over the centuries, retail shops were transformed from little more than \"rude booths\" to the sophisticated shopping malls of the modern era.", "Retail __knowledge__ Retailing involves the process of selling consumer goods or Services to customers through multiple channels of distribution to earn a profit.", "Retail __knowledge__ Retailers satisfy demand identified through a supply chain.", "Retail __knowledge__ Some of the earliest retailers were itinerant peddlers.", "Retail __knowledge__ The term \"retailer\" is typically applied where a service provider fills the small orders of a large number of individuals, who are end-users, rather than large orders of a small number of wholesale, corporate or government clientele.", "Merry Hill Shopping Centre __knowledge__ The Merry Hill Centre (officially Intu Merry Hill) is a shopping mall in Brierley Hill near Dudley, England.", "Merry Hill Shopping Centre __knowledge__ It was developed between 1985 and 1990, with several subsequent expansion and renovation projects.", "Merry Hill Shopping Centre __knowledge__ The centre has over 250 shops, a separate retail park, cinema, food hall and ten-thousand parking spaces.", "Merry Hill Shopping Centre __knowledge__ Adjacent to the main shopping centre is a marina called The Waterfront accommodating a number of bars, restaurants and the offices of HM Revenue & Customs.", "Merry Hill Shopping Centre __knowledge__ The Dudley No.1 Canal passes though The Waterfront and along the edge of the shopping centre before descending to Delph Locks.", "Merry Hill Shopping Centre __knowledge__ The centre's original developers and owners were Richardson Developments but it has had a number of other owners including Chelsfield, Mountleigh and Westfield.", "Vittorio Bottego __knowledge__ Vittorio Bottego (; Parma, July 29, 1860 – Daga Roba, March 17, 1897) was an Italian army officer and one of the first Western explorers of Jubaland in the Horn of Africa (now part of Somalia), where he led two expeditions.", "Vittorio Bottego __knowledge__ He was an artillery captain in the Italian Army.", "Vittorio Bottego __knowledge__ In his first expedition Bottego concentrated on tracing the channels of the tributaries of the Ganale Doria, that he named after the Italian biologist Giacomo Doria.", "Vittorio Bottego __knowledge__ With Captain Matteo Grixoni, Bottego left Bardera on 30 September 1892, with one hundred and twenty-four men.", "Vittorio Bottego __knowledge__ They reached the Shebeli River at Imi on 7 November.", "Virgin Megastores __knowledge__ Virgin Megastores is an international entertainment retailing chain, founded by Sir Richard Branson as a record shop on London's Oxford Street in early 1976.", "Virgin Megastores __knowledge__ In 1979 the company opened their first Megastore at the end of Oxford Street and Tottenham Court Road.", "Virgin Megastores __knowledge__ The company expanded to hundreds of stores worldwide in the 1990s, but has lost a large number of stores in recent years, largely with the sale and eventual closing of the UK, US, Irish, Canadian, Australian, Italian, Spanish, French, Greek and Japanese stores.", "Virgin Megastores __knowledge__ By 2015, current operations are exclusively in the Middle East and in North Africa, consisting of approximately 40 stores.", "Kaymu __knowledge__ Kaymu is an online marketplace founded in 2013, providing localized C2C and B2C products in Africa, Europe and Asia.", "Kaymu __knowledge__ The platform lets buyers and sellers meet to make deals on new and used fashion items, mobile phones, jewelry, and home appliances.", "Kaymu __knowledge__ Kaymu initially launched in Nigeria and Pakistan in January 2013 and within 27 months opened operations in 32 other countries.", "Kaymu __knowledge__ Kaymu copies eBay's model; it does not offer first-party product sales, and it has separate retail websites for each of the countries it operates in.", "Kaymu __knowledge__ Kaymu’s closest competitor is Naspers-owned OLX who have operations in over 100 countries and run a C2C model." ] ]

[ 2, 3, 6, 4 ]

[ "I'm pretty excited for Amazon to come to Atlanta. I mean, they're the largest internet retailer in the world when you look at their revenue and market capitalization.", "It's pretty nuts if you think back to when Amazon's website was just an online bookstore. Now they've diversified to sell nearly everything you could imagine. ", "And it's worldwide now. They have separate retail websites from the US all the way to China. ", "I recently found out they also produce consumer electronics; like those e-readers or fire tablets. They're also the largest provider of cloud services which is impressive." ]

[ "Amazon (company)", "Amazon (company)", "Amazon (company)", "Amazon (company)" ]